tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SURVIVAL OF THE VIRUS OF POLIOMYELITIS FOR EIGHT YEARS IN GLYCEROL
Authors: C. P. Rhoads
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. An instance of successful inoculation of poliomyelitis virus after preservation for 8 years in 50 per cent glycerol is reported. 2. The virulence of the material injected remained essentially unchanged during this period. 3. The fact that poliomyelitis virus will survive in glycerol for so great a period may be taken as further indication of the improbability of streptococci as the inciting organisms. 4. Poliomyelitis virus would seem to vary in its resistance to glycerolation. 5. The remarkable persistence of active virus outside of the body may have a bearing on the epidemiology of poliomyelitis.
Illegible handwriting in medical records
Authors: O M P Jolobe
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Dr Rodriguez-Vera and colleagues (November 2002, JRSM1) say that, if doctors cannot be persuaded to write legibly, the answer is computerization. This might indeed be a useful strategy for eliminating errors attributable to illegible handwriting, but the health record is beset by troubles of a more fundamental nature, requiring more imaginative solutions. Some of these arise from the fact that problem lists, action plans, and problem-oriented medical records have not been universally accepted in our medical culture, either at medical school or in so-called continuing professional development2,3,4. Without the implementation and continual updating of problem lists, drug lists (including adverse reactions), and action plans, the health record soon degenerates into a tedious litany, devoid of both structure and purpose. Furthermore, when hospital records become voluminous4 with chaotic filing thrown in for good measure (i.e. ‘anything’ filed ‘anywhere’ and ‘anyhow’) there is a formidable disincentive to attempting anything more than a cursory review of previous clinical episodes. Computerization will only make matters worse, thanks to the axiom ‘rubbish in, rubbish out’ and the limited flexibility of the present generation of healthcare computers4. Finally, since neither clinic letters nor discharge summaries are routinely audited, and in view of the reported proliferation of errors of omission and factual inaccuracies in some of the correspondence emanating from secondary care5, the electronic record might end up as a system for perpetuating misleading documentation.
Biomarkers of Myocardial Stress and Systemic Inflammation Are Lower in Patients Who Engage in Heart Failure Self-Care Management
Authors: Christopher S Lee
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Abstract #904 Christopher S Lee, Univ of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Debra K Moser, Terry A Lennie, Univ of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Nancy C Tkacs, Kenneth B Margulies, Barbara Riegel, Univ of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Christopher S Lee, 2009 Finalist and Presenting Author
Calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in prurigo nodularis: a comparative study with neurodermatitis circumscripta
Authors: ANNIKKI VAALASTI, HANNA SUOMALAINEN, LEENA RECHARDT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Calcitonin gene‐related peptide immunoreactivity in prurigo nodularis: a comparative study with neurodermatitis circumscripta Get access ANNIKKI VAALASTI, ANNIKKI VAALASTI Department of Dermatology, Tampere University Central Hospital, Tampere, Finland Dr Annikki Vaalasti, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Box 607, SF‐33101 Tampere, Finland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HANNA SUOMALAINEN, HANNA SUOMALAINEN Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LEENA RECHARDT LEENA RECHARDT Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 5, 1 May 1989, Pages 619–623, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01346.x Published: 01 May 1989
Second cardiologist is sued for criticising a commercial health product
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A cardiologist who was the principal investigator in a small feasibility and safety study of a “healing” stent is being sued for defamation by the device’s manufacturer over his reporting of adverse events.

The Hong Kong based company, OrbusNeich, has filed a lawsuit in the Netherlands against Pavel Cervinka, head of cardiology at the Masaryk Hospital in Usti nad Labem in the Czech Republic, over his reports of the results of the GENIUS-STEMI trial, which compared the company’s Genous stent with a bare metal stent in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction.

Dr Cervinka first presented the results of the study at an American College of Cardiology meeting in 2009, where his presentation was …
An elderly woman with chest pain and constipation
Authors: S. Di Saverio, R. Lombardi, E. Bianchi, G. Tugnoli, E. Jovine
Journal: BMJ (2015)

An 89 year old woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented to the emergency department with worsening shortness of breath (87% oxygen saturation in room air), retrosternal chest pain, mild abdominal pain, and subacute partial bowel obstruction over the past six days. On physical examination she was dehydrated and she had tachycardia (105 beats/min), diffusely decreased breath sounds, audible crackles at the base of the right lung, and absent breath sounds on the left side pulmonary base. Her abdomen was distended but soft overall, the epigastrium and right hypochondium were slightly tender on deep palpation, and her rectum was empty. Her blood pressure was 130/85 mm Hg. Electrocardiography and troponin (measured at admittance and checked again after six and 12 hours) excluded myocardial infarction. Laboratory studies were unremarkable except for a mild microcytic anaemia (haemoglobin 115 g/L (reference range 120-160), mean cell volume 78.6 fL (80-96). Urgent chest radiography was requested (fig 1⇓).





### 1. On the basis of the radiograph and clinical findings, what is your differential diagnosis?

#### Short answer

The radiograph shows a large round shadow behind the heart with an air-fluid level. The right lung appears displaced and compressed. Differential diagnoses include cardiomegaly, huge pneumomediastinum and oesophageal perforation, epiphrenic oesophageal diverticulum, large pulmonary hydatid cyst, huge diaphragmatic hernia, delayed presentation of a large traumatic rupture of the diaphragm, paralysis of the left hemidiaphragm, mediastinal abscess, pulmonary tuberculosis, and gastrointestinal perforation with air migration above the diaphragm.

#### Long answer

The anterioposterior chest radiograph shows a large round shadow occupying the mid and left chest, with an air-fluid level …
The LD50—A Tradition in Need of Change
Authors: Richmond C. Hubbard
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Medicine has a glorious tradition to measure itself against, and this tradition can be a source of both pride and anxiety. Anxiety enters if the physician becomes overwhelmed by the high standards he must measure himself against. In the field of research, it becomes "publish or perish." Knowledge and skill are so hard earned it is no wonder that once established, the practitioner is careful before upsetting basic beliefs. Tradition is a comforting ballast. Yet, all professions must continually evaluate their mode of operation and, as the need arises, eliminate or revise what has become habitual and traditional. An example of a procedure that has outlived its usefulness is the median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) test. The LD<sub>50</sub>test was first used in 1927 to assay the potency of digitalis. It has been used ever since with few changes to determine the acute toxicity of new
Clinical Aspects of Type-1 Long-QT Syndrome by Location, Coding Type, and Biophysical Function of Mutations Involving the KCNQ1 Gene
Authors: Arthur J. Moss, Wataru Shimizu, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Wojciech Zareba, Jennifer L. Robinson, Ming Qi, G. Michael Vincent, Michael J. Ackerman, Elizabeth S. Kaufman, Nynke Hofman, Rahul Seth, Shiro Kamakura, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Ilan Goldenberg, Mark L. Andrews, Scott McNitt
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Type-1 long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the KCNQ1-encoded I Ks cardiac potassium channel. We evaluated the effect of location, coding type, and biophysical function of KCNQ1 mutations on the clinical phenotype of this disorder. Methods and Results— We investigated the clinical course in 600 patients with 77 different KCNQ1 mutations in 101 proband-identified families derived from the US portion of the International LQTS Registry (n=425), the Netherlands’ LQTS Registry (n=93), and the Japanese LQTS Registry (n=82). The Cox proportional hazards survivorship model was used to evaluate the independent contribution of clinical and genetic factors to the first occurrence of time-dependent cardiac events from birth through age 40 years. The clinical characteristics, distribution of mutations, and overall outcome event rates were similar in patients enrolled from the 3 geographic regions. Biophysical function of the mutations was categorized according to dominant-negative (&gt;50%) or haploinsufficiency (≤50%) reduction in cardiac repolarizing I Ks potassium channel current. Patients with transmembrane versus C-terminus mutations (hazard ratio, 2.06; P &lt;0.001) and those with mutations having dominant-negative versus haploinsufficiency ion channel effects (hazard ratio, 2.26; P &lt;0.001) were at increased risk for cardiac events, and these genetic risks were independent of traditional clinical risk factors. Conclusions— This genotype–phenotype study indicates that in type-1 LQTS, mutations located in the transmembrane portion of the ion channel protein and the degree of ion channel dysfunction caused by the mutations are important independent risk factors influencing the clinical course of this disorder.
Surgical insights into Parkinson's disease
Authors: Erlick A C Pereira, Tipu Z Aziz
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

Surgery for Parkinson's disease was popularized in the mid-twentieth century before the advent of effective medical therapies. Early lesioning treatments contributed to our understanding of the functional anatomy of Parkinson's disease. Observations of the limitations and long-term complications of established pharmacological therapies for Parkinson's disease, together with major contributions from animal research to elucidate the roles of the basal ganglia in movement disorders, inspired a recent renaissance in neurosurgical interventions for Parkinson's disease including deep brain stimulation; this continues to yield much neurophysiological information. The development of potentially restorative treatment modalities, such as gene therapy, neural transplantation and nanotechnology, hold much promise for surgery, both therapeutically and in revealing further insights into Parkinson's disease pathophysiology.
Synthetic peptides as antigens and competitors in recognition by H-2-restricted cytolytic T cells specific for HLA.
Authors: J L Maryanski, P Pala, J C Cerottini, G Corradin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

The specificity of peptide recognition by a number of Kd-restricted CTL clones specific for HLA-CW3 or HLA-A24 was investigated. The CTL clones were derived from DBA/2 (H-2d) mice immunized with syngeneic P815 mouse cells transfected with genes encoding HLA-CW3 or HLA-A24 class I molecules. We had previously shown that CTL clones that lysed P815-CW3 transfectant target cells could lyse P815 (HLA-) target cells incubated with synthetic CW3 peptides corresponding to the COOH-terminal end of the alpha 2 domain. In the present study, we found that Kd-restricted CTL clones that lysed P815-A24 transfectant target cells recognized a synthetic peptide from the same region (residues 170-182) of the A24 molecule. CW3 and A24 differ by only one amino acid within this region. Recognition of CW3 or A24 peptides corresponded exactly with lysis of P815-HLA transfectants both for clones that mutually exclusively lysed CW3 or A24 transfectant target cells and for CW3/A24 crossreactive CTL clones. The latter CTL clones that lysed both CW3 and A24 transfectant target cells showed a clear preference for the peptide corresponding to the immunizing HLA allele. The homologous CW3 and A24 peptides could compete with each other for recognition, in contrast to a peptide from the same region of HLA-B7. Peptides from the corresponding region of the endogenous Kd and Dd/Ld molecules could also inhibit recognition of CW3 and A24 peptides. Competition with peptides apparently occurred at the level of the target cell. These results are consistent with a model whereby MHC class I molecules position protein fragments or peptides for specific recognition by T cells.
Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma in two recipients of renal transplants.
Authors: K A Gunawardena, M K al-Hasani, A Haleem, M al-Suleiman, A A al-Khader
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Among 350 recipients of renal transplants seen at the Riyadh Military Hospital, 12 developed Kaposi9s sarcoma. Two of these sarcomas presented primarily as a problem of diffuse lung infiltrates in an immunocompromised host. In one the diagnosis was established by transbronchial lung biopsy. Withdrawal of immunosuppression led to satisfactory radiological resolution in both patients.
A Case of Poisoning by Antifebrin; Recovery.
Authors: W. R. Allison
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Mr. L. presented himself at my office about 3 P. M. on August 14, informing me that he had taken some horse medicine, and upon examining my patient I found the most cyanotic subject that I ever had the misfortune of treating, showing a livid tint of the skin resembling the tint of asphyxia, and complaining of general weakness, pain near the heart, a soreness beneath the sternum, with a beating pain passing from temple to temple, while to assume the erect position caused giddiness, increasing the cyanotic hue and a stinging pain in the eyes, while to assume the recumbent position gave him freedom from all suffering. Patient had no nausea or vomiting, but body was bathed in perspiration, respiring thirty times per minute, and a pulse of 110. The medicine was taken about 5 A.M., producing in thirty minutes a form of intoxication and desire
Penicillin in the Treatment of Gonorrhea
Authors: Alan R. Hinman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  The article by Neumann and Baecker on treatment of gonorrhea ( 219 :471, 1972) may give physicians the wrong impression concerning the prevalence of penicillin sensitivity in the United States, although it may accurately reflect local conditions in New Haven. Nationwide, the rate of reaction to penicillin therapy seems to be relatively stable. Data collected by the Center for Disease Control and summarized in VD Fact Sheet-1971 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Publication [HSM] 72-8085) shows the following rates of reactions to penicillin therapy over a 20-year-period:    Urticaria was the most frequent manifestation seen, occurring in four to six per 1,000 patients treated. Anaphylactic reactions were observed in.21 to.36 per 1,000 patients.  These rates reflect the incidence of reactions in patients who give no history of penicillin allergy. Although there was no specific mention, the percentage of patients giving a history of penicillin allergy has also remained
Remission of natural-killer cell lymphoma of the liver with anti-hepatitis C therapy
Authors: Jess F. Armor, Javid Fazili, Nagib Toubia, William Kern, Rammurti Kamble, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) consist of a diverse group of lymphoproliferative neoplasms with unique patterns of biology, behavior, and differing responses to therapy. A rare subtype of malignancy arising from cells of putative natural killer (NK) origin is being recognized as a distinct clinicopathological entity. Viruses including hepatitis C have been reported in association with various types of NHL but not the NK-cell subtype. We hereby report a unique case of a patient with hepatitis C who developed hepatic NK-cell lymphoma and chronic NK-cell leukemia. Interestingly, we observed clinical and radiologic remission of the neoplasm following treatment with anti-hepatitis C therapy. Am. J. Hematol. 78:212–215, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Interventional Spine: An Algorithmic Approach
Authors: Barron Lonner
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Should the Cost of Insurance Reflect the Cost of Use in Local Hospital Markets?
Authors: John E. Wennberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Abstract Local hospital markets have been shown to vary extensively in per capita expenditures for hospital services and in the reimbursements paid per Medicare enrollee and per Blue Cross subscriber. Insurance premiums do not reflect these differences among local markets, resulting in intermarket subsidies (transfer payments) and distortion of competition between health-maintenance organizations and the fee-for-service system. Regulatory strategies to "cap" hospital costs have ignored these market variations and thus perpetuated the established pattern of expenditures and transfer payments. The plans for implementing a voucher system for the Medicare program set the value of the voucher according to average reimbursements at the county or state level. Since several markets can exist within one county's boundaries, the cash value established for the voucher in some low-cost markets will substantially exceed current per capita rates of reimbursement, permitting large profits and an increase in total costs to the Medicare program. If the price of health insurance were adjusted to correspond more closely to local market conditions, transfer payments would be reduced, and more effective regulation, competition, and consumer involvement might result. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:1374–81.)
Actinic superficial folliculitis; a new entity?
Authors: C. NIEBOER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

This paper describes two patients who developed an extensive superficial pustular folliculitis on the upper part of the breast, back, shoulders and lateral sides of the upper arms, starting within 24–36 h after exposure to sunlight. Bacteriological, immunohistopathological and photo‐experimental investigations failed to reveal a cause for this sunlight‐induced dermatosis, which seems not to have been hitherto described.
ABC of diabetes. Nephropathy.
Authors: P J Watkins
Journal: BMJ (1982)

filtration rate albtxinuria Nonnal renal function Normal blood pressure Continues alburrinuria Declining renal O function Normal blood -.Hypertension pressureProteinuria is the hallmark of diabetic nephropathy and is often its only sign.More than half of all diabetics develop proteinuria after 30 years of diabetes.Renal failure is the cause of death in about one-fifth of diabetics diagnosed under 30 years of age, and nephropathy with renal impairment contributes to morbidity in many others.Nevertheless, many diabetics are completely spared and never develop glomerulosclerosis.At the onset of diabetes and for many years thereafter there is evidence of hyperfunction of the kidneys of diabetics-their kidneys and the glomeruli are larger than usual, glomerular filtration is greater than normal, and exercise-induced albuminuria is greater than expected.These early defects can be reversed by meticulous diabetic control.It is not known whether or not they predispose to the subsequent development of diabetic nephropathy. Clinical courseCourse of diabetic nephropathy ] ,,,p
Transport of reduced glutathione in hepatic mitochondria and mitoplasts from ethanol-treated rats: Effect of membrane physical properties and S -adenosyl-L-methionine
Authors: A Colell, C Garcia-Ruiz, A Morales, A Ballesta, M Ookhtens, J Rodes, N Kaplowitz, J C Fernandez-Checa
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Ethanol intake depletes the mitochondrial pool of reduced glutathione (GSH) by impairing the transport of GSH from cytosol into mitochondria. S -Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) supplementation of ethanol-fed rats restores the mitochondrial pool of GSH. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of ethanol feeding on the kinetic parameters of mitochondrial GSH transport, the fluidity of mitochondria, and the effect of SAM on these changes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ethanol-liquid diet for 4 weeks supplemented with either SAM or N-acetylcysteine (NAC). SAM-supplementation of ethanol-fed rats restored the mitochondrial GSH pool but NAC administration did not. Kinetic studies of GSH transport in isolated mitochondria revealed two saturable, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-stimulated components that were affected significantly by chronic ethanol feeding: Lowering V max (0.22 and 1.6 in ethanol case vs. 0.44 and 2.7 nmol/15 sec/mg protein in controls) for both low and high affinity components with the latter showing an increased K m (15.5 vs. 8.9, mmol/L in ethanol vs. control). Mitochondria from SAM-supplemented ethanol-fed rats showed kinetic features of GSH transport similar to control mitochondria. Determination of membrane fluidity revealed an increased order parameter in ethanol compared with control mitochondria, which was restricted to the polar head groups of the bilayer and was prevented by SAM but not NAC supplementation of ethanol-fed rats. The changes elicited in mitochondria by ethanol were confined to the inner membrane; mitoplasts from ethanol-fed rats showed features similar to those of intact mitochondria such as impaired transport of GSH and increased order parameter. A different mitochondrial transporter, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/ATP translocator, was unaffected by ethanol feeding. Furthermore, fluidization of mitochondria or mitoplasts from ethanol-fed rats by treatment with a fatty acid derivative restored their ability to transport GSH to control levels. Thus, ethanol-induced impaired transport of GSH into mitochondria is selective, mediated by decreased fluidity of the mitochondrial inner membrane, and prevented by SAM treatment.