tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-01-15: Anti-ER monoclonal antibody SP1 seems more sensitive in the identification of ER alpha positive breast cancer cases than anti-ER monoclonal antibody 1D5
Authors: KP Madeira, RD Daltoé, GM Sirtoli, LCD Rezende, AA Carvalho, IV Silva, LBA Rangel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Accurate pathological analysis of biopsies is crucial for conclusive and precise disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic guidelines. Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) expression in breast cancer (BC) is imperative in determining the disease prognosis, and patients' eligibility for hormonotherapy. Herein, ER alpha status was evaluated in 61 BC cases using two different anti-ER alpha monoclonal antibodies, SP1 (rabbit) and 1D5 (mouse). Methods: Primary BC cases registered in two reference hospitals, with correspondent written informed consent, were used to generate in house tissue microarray platforms. ER alpha expression was accessed by immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibodies anti-ER alpha, SP1 and 1D5. Staining scoring followed the Allred method (PS, proportion score or percentage of stained cells; IS, intensity score). Concordance and correlation parameters were calculated using Kappa factor; Pearson, Spearman's, or intraclass correlation coefficient (CF). Staining patterns were compared by paired T-Test and Wilcoxon test. Findings: SP1 and 1D5 provided equivalent results (Concordance rate, 96.7%; Kappa factor, 0.921), whereas SP1 was more prone for positive results than 1D5 (2 samples diverged). Total concordance of PS was obtained (Pearson and intraclass CF, 0.7351 and 0.6193, respectively); however, concordance between the antibodies seems more accurate in higher PS values. Excellent SI correlation between antibodies was observed throughout the population (Spearman's CF, ρ=0.9150). Following the Allred score, 17 out of 42 positive BC samples diverged; always pointing 1D5 to weaker staining than SP1. When calculating Spearman's CF of Total Score (TS) within the population, excellent correlation between both the antibodies (ρ=0.9238) was noted; nonetheless, results were less concordant result among the BC positive cases (ρ=0.7743). Indeed, 20 samples were differentially classified using the antibodies (only 3 had higher TS with 1D5). Considering the mean TS of all samples, or of invasive ductal carcinoma, SP1 provided higher scores than 1D5 (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Interpretation: Despite the equivalence between the anti-ER alpha monoclonal antibodies, SP1 and 1D5, the former has proven superior to the latter with respect to the IS and TS. Therefore, we suggest the clinical use of SP1 while diagnosing BC, due to its higher accuracy in examining ER status; thus, enabling more accurate therapeutic decisions to treat the disease. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-15.
Points: Are there lessons from abroad for the NHS?
Authors: B D Hore
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Advance care planning (ACP) discussions aim to ensure goal-concordant care for patients with serious illness, throughout treatment and especially at the end of life. But recent literature has forced the field of palliative care to wrestle with the definition and impact of ACP. Are ACP discussions worthwhile? Is there a difference between ACP discussions early in a patient’s illness versus discussions occurring later when a concrete medical care decision must be made? Here, we identify elements needed to answer these questions and describe how a multisite initiative will elucidate the value of discussing and documenting what matters most to patients.
Forum Three: Changes in the U.S. Health Care System That Would Facilitate Improved Care for Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Roland G. Hiss, Sheldon Greenfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

At the conclusion of the conference detailed in this supplement, conference attendees participated in one of three fora to discuss an assigned topic and incorporate conference presentations into the discussion.Forum Three, the results of which are reported here, addressed the challenging question of what changes in the U.S. health care system would facilitate improved care for patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Using the nominal group process-a discussion technique designed to obtain a rank-ordered list of responses to the challenge question from a group of informed persons—Forum Three made the following priority recommendations: 1) Establish universal access to the comprehensive preventive services necessary to optimally manage the estimated 16 million Americans with NIDDM; 2) create a system of co-management between primary and specialty care services; and 3) modify the current health care system to include a program for increased patient and public awareness of the seriousness of NIDDM, special training for primary care residents and practicing physicians in this area, development of standards of care, creation of a central coordinating agency for all aspects of diabetes care, and development of outcome-based goals for patients and providers.
Physical Symptoms Occurring with Pleasurable Emotional States
Authors: IAN STEVENSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Eight cases of physical symptoms occurring during pleasurable emotional states are reported and discussed. Although physical activity accompanying these emotions may account for some of the physical symptoms occurring during pleasure, in other instances there was no accompanying physical activity. It seems likely that in some predisposed persons any strong emotion, whether positive or negative, may precipitate physical symptoms. Physical symptoms with positive emotional states probably occur much more often than is generally recognized.
SOME DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF ALCOHOLIC PSYCHOSES
Authors: WM. J. TURNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

In alcoholic psychoses an essentially uniform clinical course is usually encountered. In order of increasing severity, the progression is: automatism, delusions, hallucinations, delirium, stupor, convulsions, coma and death. With the exception of the last step, this series tends to be reversible. However, improvement may stop at any point before health is regained, leaving residual deterioration or chronic psychoses simulating schizophrenic patterns. It is suggested that the diagnosis of alcoholic psychoses include the most severe stage reached at the height of the illness as well as the maximum improvement obtained.
Reduction of immunosuppression for transplant-associated skin cancer: expert consensus survey
Authors: C.C. Otley, D. Berg, C. Ulrich, T. Stasko, G.M. Murphy, S.J. Salasche, L.J. Christenson, R. Sengelmann, G.E. Loss, J. Garces
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Reduction of immunosuppression is considered a reasonable adjuvant therapeutic strategy in solid‐organ transplant recipients experiencing multiple or high‐risk skin cancers. However, the literature provides no guidance about what threshold of cancer development would warrant initiation of reduction of immunosuppression. Objectives To develop expert consensus guidelines for initiation of reduction of transplant‐associated immunosuppression for solid‐organ transplant recipients with severe skin cancer. Methods An expert consensus panel was convened by the International Transplant Skin Cancer Collaborative and Skin Care for Organ Transplant Patients Europe Reduction of Immunosuppression Task Force. Thirteen hypothetical patient scenarios with graduated morbidity and mortality risks were presented and mean and mode expert opinions about appropriate level of reduction of systemic immunosuppression (mild, moderate, severe) were generated. Results Mild reduction of transplant‐associated immunosuppression was considered warranted once multiple skin cancers per year developed or with individual high‐risk skin cancers. Moderate reduction was considered appropriate when patients experienced > 25 skin cancers per year or for skin cancers with a 10% 3‐year risk of mortality. Severe reduction was considered warranted only for life‐threatening skin cancers. Conclusions Reduction of immunosuppression is considered a reasonable adjuvant management strategy for transplant recipients with numerous or life‐threatening skin cancers. Proposed guidelines are presented for the graduated reduction of immunosuppression coincident with the increasing skin cancer risks.
Legg-Perthes Disease
Authors: C. DE SADELEER, H. AUDIENS, H. DE BOECK, A. PIEPSZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

The authors report a case in which, on the pinhole views, no clear distinction could be made between complete or partial loss of the femoral head because of possible overlapping bone structure. SPECT images clearly confirmed the total absence of femoral head activity and visualized, in the posterior plane, the Ischium structure that, on the pinhole images, was responsible for the overlapping activity. Such superpositions are often responsible for misinterpretation of the extension of femoral head involvement.
Managed Care: A View from Europe
Authors: Yvonne Erdmann, Renate Wilson
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2001)

▪ Abstract This article summarizes recent developments in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the new Baltic states that reflect the influence of US managed care concepts and practices. We emphasize (a) developments in restructuring traditional health insurance mechanisms by shifting premium and out-of-pocket burdens to consumers so as to constrain demand and costs and (b) reliance on prospective hospital budgets and case management by primary physicians. Social insurance mechanisms and universal coverage remain national tasks as well as basic components of the social structure of most European countries. Full open-market competition between traditional sick funds and private insurance companies and the introduction of for-profit MCOs beholden to their shareholders appears unlikely on other than an experimental basis. Increased competition between providers may well result from the new right of insurers and payers to contract with medical care providers of their choice. It remains to be shown how far these experiments, which differ substantially between the countries examined, will succeed in their objectives and become permanent features of their national systems.
Long-Term Follow-up of Persons Inadvertently Inoculated with SV40 as Neonates
Authors: Edward A. Mortimer, Martha Lipson Lepow, Eli Gold, Frederick C. Robbins, George J. Burton, Joseph F. Fraumeni
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

SIMIAN virus 40 (SV40) is a papovavirus that is latent in rhesus-monkey kidneys used for tissue culture of poliovirus. SV40 was present in vaccines administered to millions of people and was later found to be oncogenic in laboratory animals, notably newborn hamsters, and capable of transforming human cells in vitro. However, studies of large groups of people inoculated with SV40-contaminated vaccines have yielded no evidence of oncogenicity in human beings, despite continued concern.1 , 2 We studied mortality from cancer in 1073 children who were born between 1960 and 1962 and who, as newborn infants, received monovalent oral poliovirus vaccine or inactivated . . .
Acute Glomerulonephritis with Prolonged Oliguria
Authors: CHARLES D. LEONARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Clinical and pathological features of oliguric acute glomerulonephritis were reviewed in 29 patients who required temporary or permanent dialysis; they were divided into two groups on the basis of antistreptolysin (ASO) titers. Group A (ASO, 200 or above) contained 10 patients with a mean age of 16. Group B (ASO, less than 200) consisted of 19 patients with a mean age of 53. Strong evidence for a recent streptococcal infection was present in each patient in group A and in no group B patients. Diuresis occurred in nine patients in group A and in only two patients in group B. A proliferative exudative glomerular lesion with or without crescents was present in most group A patients, whereas extensive crescent formation with minimal proliferation of glomerular tufts occurred in most group B patients. Oliguric acute glomerulonephritis appears to be a disorder of varying etiology. The prognosis of patients with proved streptococcal infection was much better than has been thought; for the other patients irreversible renal failure was the rule.
The Herbal Bed
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Peter Whelan Warner/Chappell Plays, £5.25, pp 123 ISBN 0 85676 223 7

Stratford-upon-Avon physician John Hall (?1575-1635) would be in for more than the usual shocks if he returned to earth this year. He would find tourists visiting his desirable Tudor residence, Hall's Croft, and he would find three theatres erected in honour of his father-in-law. In one of them he could have seen The Herbal Bed. It is a dramatisation of a case of defamation brought by Hall's wife, Susannah, against someone who publicly claimed that she suffered from a sexually transmitted disease as a result of having “bin naught[y]” with a neighbour.

For Hall, the highly charged events on stage may …
Animal models of enteroaggregative<i><i>Escherichia coli</i></i>infection
Authors: Casandra W. Philipson, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Raquel Hontecillas
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) has been acknowledged as an emerging cause of gastroenteritis worldwide for over two decades. Epidemiologists are revealing the role of EAEC in diarrheal outbreaks as a more common occurrence than ever suggested before. EAEC induced diarrhea is most commonly associated with travelers, children and immunocompromised individuals however its afflictions are not limited to any particular demographic. Many attributes have been discovered and characterized surrounding the capability of EAEC to provoke a potent pro-inflammatory immune response, however cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying initiation, progression and outcomes are largely unknown. This limited understanding can be attributed to heterogeneity in strains and the lack of adequate animal models. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about EAEC etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestation. Additionally, current animal models and their limitations will be discussed along with the value of applying systems-wide approaches such as computational modeling to study host-EAEC interactions.
TCT-794 Quantitative Pre- and Postinterventional Echocardiographic Predictors of Mortality After MitraClip Therapy for Significant Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Hannes Alessandrini, Felix Kreidel, Michael Schlüter, Christian Frerker, Thomas Thielsen, Ulrich Schäfer, Karl-Heinz Kuck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Cathepsin G Recruits Osteoclast Precursors via Proteolytic Activation of Protease-Activated Receptor-1
Authors: Thomas J. Wilson, Kalyan C. Nannuru, Rakesh K. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Metastatic breast cancer shows extreme tropism for the bone microenvironment, leading to the establishment of osteolytic metastases. Perpetuation of tumor-induced osteolysis requires a continuous supply of osteoclast precursors migrating into the bone microenvironment that can subsequently differentiate into mature osteoclasts and resorb bone. Thus, identification and subsequent targeting of chemoattractants of osteoclast precursors that are up-regulated at the tumor-bone interface represents a potential avenue to interrupt osteolysis. We report that cathepsin G, a serine protease, plays a vital role in the bone microenvironment by modulating tumor-stromal interaction in a manner that favors tumor establishment and regulates chemotaxis of monocytes, a subset of which has the potential to differentiate into osteoclasts. Our data show that cathepsin G-induced chemotaxis of monocytes is mediated by proteolytic activation of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1). Attenuation of PAR-1 activation abrogates cathepsin G-mediated induction of monocyte chemotaxis. We also show that in vivo inhibition of cathepsin G reduces the number of CD11b(+) osteoclast precursors and mature osteoclasts at the tumor-bone interface. Together, these data suggest that therapeutic targeting of both PAR-1 signaling in osteoclast precursors as well as cathepsin G at the tumor-bone interface has the potential to reduce osteolysis by inhibiting the recruitment, differentiation, and activation of osteoclast precursors.
Antibodies specific for a segment of human membrane IgE deplete IgE-producing B cells in humanized mice
Authors: Hans D. Brightbill, Surinder Jeet, Zhonghua Lin, Donghong Yan, Meijuan Zhou, Martha Tan, Allen Nguyen, Sherry Yeh, Donnie Delarosa, Steven R. Leong, Terence Wong, Yvonne Chen, Mark Ultsch, Elizabeth Luis, Sree Ranjani Ramani, Janet Jackman, Lino Gonzalez, Mark S. Dennis, Anan Chuntharapai, Laura DeForge, Y. Gloria Meng, Min Xu, Charles Eigenbrot, Wyne P. Lee, Canio J. Refino, Mercedesz Balazs, Lawren C. Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is central to the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic diseases. Although neutralization of serum IgE with IgE-specific antibodies is in general an efficacious treatment for allergic asthma, one limitation of this approach is its lack of effect on IgE production. Here, we have developed a strategy to disrupt IgE production by generating monoclonal antibodies that target a segment of membrane IgE on human IgE-switched B cells that is not present in serum IgE. This segment is known as the M1' domain, and using genetically modified mice that contain the human M1' domain inserted into the mouse IgE locus, we demonstrated that M1'-specific antibodies reduced serum IgE and IgE-producing plasma cells in vivo, without affecting other immunoglobulin isotypes. M1'-specific antibodies were effective when delivered prophylactically and therapeutically in mouse models of immunization, allergic asthma, and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection, likely by inducing apoptosis of IgE-producing B cells. In addition, we generated a humanized M1'-specific antibody that was active on primary human cells in vivo, as determined by its reduction of serum IgE levels and IgE plasma cell numbers in a human PBMC-SCID mouse model. Thus, targeting of human IgE-producing B cells with apoptosis-inducing M1'-specific antibodies may be a novel treatment for asthma and allergy.
Abstract A65: Toll-like receptor 3 signaling in ovarian cancer.
Authors: Maria Muccioli, Michelle Pate, Fabian Benencia
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the cytokine secretion (in vitro) and leukocyte infiltration profiles (in vivo) in response to Toll-Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) activation in murine epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecological neoplasm, typically treated with surgery and chemotherapy, and has a less than a 50% 5-year survival rate. Drug resistance develops frequently, and it is necessary to investigate more targeted therapies. Chronic inflammation, which is seen in many cancers, can render an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment characterized by cytokines that promote leukocyte infiltration, which can potentiate angiogenesis, and subsequent tumor growth and metastasis. Pathways that can generate such inflammation are important to characterize as they may be targeted in the development of novel cancer therapeutics. One regulator of inflammation in some types of epithelial ovarian cancer is TLR3, a protein that senses dsRNA and activates NF-κB, a potent initiator of cytokine secretion. Although typically expressed in immune cells, TLR3 is also present in cancer cells, and may function to direct inflammation at the tumor site towards an immunosuppressive state capable of recruiting pro-angiogenic leukocytes. Using PCR, ELISA, western blot, and microarray experiments on siRNA-generated TLR3-knock-downs and control samples, we are characterizing the cytokine secretion profiles following TLR3 activation with synthetic dsRNA ligands. Furthermore, we will employ this ovarian cancer cell line (ID8) with C57BL/6 mice to generate transplantation tumors and determine the effects of TLR3 signaling on the leukocyte population and presence of angiogenic molecules at the tumor site using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. We have determined that treatment of ID8 epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells with TLR3 ligands poly (I:C) or poly (A:U) results in increased secretion of pleiotropic cytokines, such as CCL5 and IL6, that may potentiate leukocyte migration to the tumor site. In vivo studies with C57BL/6 mice will determine whether this TLR3-induced cytokine secretion in the tumor cells translates to the physiological environment and promotes leukocyte infiltration and angiogenesis. By elucidating the contribution of TLR3 to the recruitment of pro-angiogenic leukocytes in ovarian epithelial carcinoma, the results of this project may be useful in the development of anti-angiogenic therapies for certain ovarian tumors. Citation Format: Maria Muccioli, Michelle Pate, Fabian Benencia. Toll-like receptor 3 signaling in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A65.
High frequency of reactive arthritis in adults after<i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</i>O:1 outbreak caused by contaminated grated carrots: Table 1
Authors: M Vasala, S Hallanvuo, P Ruuska, R Suokas, A Siitonen, M Hakala
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

We describe the epidemiological and microbiological process in the clearing of a foodborne outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O:1 linked to raw carrots and frequency of the associated reactive extra-gastrointestinal manifestations.The patient samples were investigated by routine culture or antibody testing methods. The real-time bacterial PCR was used to detect Y pseudotuberculosis in samples from the grated carrots and in those taken from the carrot storage. Genotype of bacterial isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. For case identification, we retrospectively looked over the laboratory files of the central hospital focusing on the time period of the outbreak.Altogether 49 case patients were identified. Y pseudotuberculosis was detected by real-time PCR analysis in samples taken from grated carrots and from the carrot distributor. Bacterial isolates originating from the farm environment showed identical serotype (O:1) and genotype (S12) with the patients' isolates. Among 37 adults, reactive arthritis (ReA) was found in 8 (22%) and three adults had probable ReA. Six (67%) out of nine human leucocyte antigen (HLA) typed patients with ReA were HLA-B27 positive. Erythema nodosum was found in 42% of the 12 children, whereas none of them had definite ReA.In this outbreak, Y pseudotuberculosis was for the first time detected in both patient and food samples. ReA was more common than earlier reported in the outbreaks associated with this pathogen; the reason may be that the previous outbreaks have occurred among children. HLA-B27 frequency was higher than usually reported in single-source outbreaks of ReA.