tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5245: A network of microRNAs contolled by oncogenic B-Raf signaling in melanoma cells
Authors: Kasey L. Couts, Emily M. Anderson, Maren M. Gross, Kevin Sullivan, Natalie G. Ahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Constitutive activation of the B-Raf/MKK/ERK signaling pathway a result of B-Raf activating mutations is a hallmark of over two-thirds of melanomas. The most prevalent mutation, B-RafV600E, promotes cancer cell behavior through mechanisms which are still incompletely defined. We utilized microRNA (miRNA) microarray profiling to identify a network of more than 20 miRNAs deregulated by B-Raf/MKK/ERK in melanoma cells, the majority of which modulate expression of key cancer regulatory genes and functions. Importantly, miRNAs within the network converge on protein regulation and cancer phenotypes, suggesting that these miRNAs might function combinatorially. Additionally, by altering functional levels of these miRNAs in cells with miRNA mimics and inhibitors we demonstrate that miRNAs augment effects on protein repression and cell invasion when co-expressed, and we also observe gene-specific latency and interference effects between miRNAs. Thus, B-Raf/MKK/ERK controls key aspects of cancer cell behavior and gene expression by modulating a network of miRNAs with cross-regulatory functions. The findings highlight the potential for complex interactions between coordinately regulated miRNAs within a gene expression network. Citation Format: Kasey L. Couts, Emily M. Anderson, Maren M. Gross, Kevin Sullivan, Natalie G. Ahn. A network of microRNAs contolled by oncogenic B-Raf signaling in melanoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5245. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5245
Diagnosing Syncope: Reply
Authors: Mark Linzer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 January 1998Diagnosing Syncope: ReplyMark Linzer, MD, N.A. Mark Estes III, MD, and Wishwa Kapoor, MDMark Linzer, MDUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine; Madison, WI 53792New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261Search for more papers by this author, N.A. Mark Estes III, MDUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine; Madison, WI 53792New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261Search for more papers by this author, and Wishwa Kapoor, MDUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine; Madison, WI 53792New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-2-199801150-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Jarrard suggests that loop monitoring should replace 24-hour Holter monitoring in patients with syncope. The problem with this point of view is that a patient needs to be symptomatic while wearing a loop monitor for the test to provide any useful information. Because 85% of patients with a first episode of syncope will not faint again within the next 6 months [1], loop monitoring would be of no benefit in these patients. However, Holter monitoring can document background rhythm disturbances (such as sinus pauses or nonsustained bouts of ventricular tachycardia) that, although nondiagnostic, might prompt further evaluation ...References1. Kapoor W, Peterson J, Wieand HS, Karpf M. Diagnostic and prognostic implications of recurrences in patients with syncope. Am J Med. 1987; 83:700-8. Google Scholar2. Kapoor WN. Evaluation of outcome of patients with syncope. Medicine (Baltimore). 1990; 69:160-75. Google Scholar3. Brody SA. What's wrong with this picture? Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:997-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark Linzer, MD; N.A. Mark Estes III, MD; Wishwa Kapoor, MDAffiliations: University of Wisconsin School of Medicine; Madison, WI 53792New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15261 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1998Volume 128, Issue 2Page: 155-156KeywordsColorectal cancerComplete blood countIschemiaLaboratory testsPacemakersResearch laboratoriesStent implantationSyncopeVentricular tachycardiaVital signs ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
European MPs back moves for generic drugs to be made available more quickly
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The European parliament has overwhelmingly backed moves to give patients faster access to generic drugs, saving money for them and for social security systems.

Under the proposal, adopted by 559 votes to 54 with 72 abstentions on 6 February, members of the parliament backed a 60 day deadline for decisions on the pricing and reimbursement of generic drugs. The current 180 day time limit would …
In vitro oxidative damage to tissue-type plasminogen activator: a selective modification of the biological functions
Authors: Y.-H. Feng, G. Hart
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is an important component of the blood fibrinolytic system responsible for thrombus dissolution. It is often required to function under oxidative stress, and exogenous t-PA is used clinically in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to examine alterations in the residual activity of t-PA pre-treated with certain oxidants.Recombinant t-PA (rt-PA) and native t-PA (nt-PA) were pre-treated with freshly generated hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chloramine T at varying concentrations. The amidolytic activity, the plasminogenolytic activity and the fibrin-binding affinity were then examined using chromogenic assays based on S-2288 and S-2251.The amidolytic activity of t-PA was surprisingly found to be rather sensitive (IC50 1 and 12 mumol/1, respectively), and the plasminogenolytic activity rather resistant to pre-treatment with HOCl and chloramine T. The fibrin binding study of treated t-PA revealed substantial loss of binding to CNBr-digested fibrinogen (FDP-CNBr). The velocity of t-PA in reaction with plasminogen remained the same as non-treated t-PA. The possible mechanisms of this asymmetrical oxidative modification of the biological functions are also discussed.(1) The catalytic activity of t-PA and the binding affinity for its large-molecule substrate plasminogen, rather than the small-molecule substrate S-2288, are highly resistant to oxidative damage; (2) the fibrin-binding affinity of t-PA can be selectively and asymmetrically damaged by exposure to these oxidants. Thus it is possible that the characteristic advantage of thrombus selectivity of t-PA in both spontaneous thrombolysis and thrombolytic therapy may be diluted in circumstances where toxic and reactive oxidants exist.
In the wake of terror: medicine and morality in a time of crisis
Authors: Marshall E. Bloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

A dozen essays on the contemporary ethical debate among advocates of public health measures, resource allocation, corporate responsibility, morality, civil liberties, individual rights, and governmental involvement are compiled in In the wake of terror: medicine and morality in a time of crisis. The essays discuss ethical considerations in public health and medical practice in a time of bioterror awareness.
Bronchial and Vesicular Breathing
Authors: W. J. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1897)

Nov. 13, 89 than the latter, and seems to be present in what may be termed " passive " increase of intracranial pressure-that is, where the intracranial pressure is increased from alteration of th^circulation in the rest of the body.14.In some conditions the intracranial circulation seems to vary independently of the circulation elsewhere.This would tend to show that, although the blood vessels of the brain are not directly controlled from the general vasomotor centre, the e must be some local mechauism for altering their calibre.
901 ADDING SIMEPREVIR (TMC435) TO PEGYLATED INTERFERON/ RIBAVIRIN DOES NOT INCREASE PATIENT REPORTED FATIGUE IN TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION: RESULTS FROM THE ASPIRE TRIAL
Authors: J. Scott, K. Rosa, S. Zeuzem, M. Beumont-Mauviel, M. Peeters, K. Cerri, M. Fu, L. Gilles
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Commission for Health Improvement invents itself
Authors: P. Day
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In April the Commission for Health Improvement (CHI) celebrated its first birthday. The first year was largely spent on inventing itself as an institution: in building up the commission's own almost 200 strong staff, recruiting and training the part time teams who will carry out the reviews of trusts, and developing the methods for its rolling programme of clinical governance reviews. Few in the NHS have therefore experienced its intervention: in the first year only four pilot reviews of acute trusts1–4 and two special investigations have been published. 5 6 More are in the pipeline, and the trickle should turn into a flood as the commission fulfils its plan for carrying out 500 reviews over the next three years.7 The challenges facing the commission in developing its style of operation are already clear. The way in which it deals with these challenges will, in turn, affect the way in which it is perceived in the NHS and its effectiveness in achieving the …
Studies on the targeted delivery of the antifibrogenic compound mycophenolic acid to the hepatic stellate cell
Authors: Rick Greupink, Hester I. Bakker, Catharina Reker-Smit, Anne-miek van Loenen-Weemaes, Robbert-Jan Kok, Dirk K.F. Meijer, Leonie Beljaars, Klaas Poelstra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Biochemical differences between amniotic fluid and maternal urine.
Authors: G Mitchell, B Field, C Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Impaired immunoreactive secretin release in coeliac diseaseStudies using bioassays have suggested that secretion of enteric hor- mones may be abnormal in coeliac disease.'In children with coeliac disease increased numbers of secretin-producing S-cells have been described.'Using radioimmunoassay we have assessed the plasma secretin response to duodenal acidification in coeliac disease.Patients, methods, and results After an overnight fast, eight patients with untreated coeliac disease and 12 control subjects had 100 ml 100-mM HC1 infused over 15 minutes into the upper duodenum.The position of the tube was checked radiologically.Peripheral venous blood samples for secretin determination were taken at -5, 0, 2+, 5, 74, 10, 12+, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after the acid infusion was started.Blood was collected into heparinised tubes, plunged into an ice bath, and plasma separated at 4°C.Plasma secretin was immediately extrac- ted by ethanol and assayed in a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay.3severe mucosal abnormalities than the remainder of the coeliac group.
CD44-mediated phagocytosis induces inside-out activation of complement receptor-3 in murine macrophages
Authors: Eric Vachon, Raiza Martin, Vivian Kwok, Vera Cherepanov, Chung-Wai Chow, Claire M. Doerschuk, Jonathan Plumb, Sergio Grinstein, Gregory P. Downey
Journal: Blood (2007)
1131 ACTIVE INJECTION DRUG USER'S CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY TREATED FOR HCV AND SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE ILLICIT DRUG USE POST TREATMENT: REAL LIFE COHORT OF 152 PATIENTS
Authors: H. Lewis, R. Igbe, M. Wilkinson, J. Dalton, H. Gardner, J. Hothi, N. Ibrahim, K. King, M. Mirza, A. Tippett, J. Turton, C. Woods, S. Wynne, R. Marley, G. Foster
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
REPORT OF TWO OVARIOTOMIES.
Authors: W. D. HAMILTON
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Case I.About the 20th of last February I first saw Mrs. Huldah Hammill, of this city.She gave the following history: Her age was 57.Four years previously she noticed a lump, about as large as a goose-egg, low down in her right side.As it i ncr eased in size the uterus sank lower in the pelvis, until finally it lay entirely without her body.I found the lower extremities and abdominal walls dropsical.The features, which were pinched and anxious, presented the typical \p=``\facies ovariana.\p=''\Shesuffered mainly from the mechanical inconvenience of carrying a large tumor.The mass, ovoid and symmetrical in shape, gave unequivocal fluctuation.Change of position affected neither its shape nor the line of dulness.Rectal examination revealed a hard mass low down in the pelvis, which was supposed to be made up of small subcysts with thick contents.An operation was advised, and the patient consented.
An Official American Thoracic Society Statement: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence Tracking Systems. The Optimal Monitoring Strategies and Outcome Measures in Adults
Authors: Richard J. Schwab, Safwan M. Badr, Lawrence J. Epstein, Peter C. Gay, David Gozal, Malcolm Kohler, Patrick Lévy, Atul Malhotra, Barbara A. Phillips, Ilene M. Rosen, Kingman P. Strohl, Patrick J. Strollo, Edward M. Weaver, Terri E. Weaver
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is considered the treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and studies have shown that there is a correlation between patient adherence and treatment outcomes. Newer CPAP machines can track adherence, hours of use, mask leak, and residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Such data provide a strong platform to examine OSA outcomes in a chronic disease management model. However, there are no standards for capturing CPAP adherence data, scoring flow signals, or measuring mask leak, or for how clinicians should use these data.American Thoracic Society (ATS) committee members were invited, based on their expertise in OSA and CPAP monitoring. Their conclusions were based on both empirical evidence identified by a comprehensive literature review and clinical experience.CPAP usage can be reliably determined from CPAP tracking systems, but the residual events (apnea/hypopnea) and leak data are not as easy to interpret as CPAP usage and the definitions of these parameters differ among CPAP manufacturers. Nonetheless, ends of the spectrum (very high or low values for residual events or mask leak) appear to be clinically meaningful.Providers need to understand how to interpret CPAP adherence tracking data. CPAP tracking systems are able to reliably track CPAP adherence. Nomenclature on the CPAP adherence tracking reports needs to be standardized between manufacturers and AHIFlow should be used to describe residual events. Studies should be performed examining the usefulness of the CPAP tracking systems and how these systems affect OSA outcomes.
Zinc Gluconate Lozenges for Treating the Common Cold
Authors: Mark J. Shumate
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 May 1997Zinc Gluconate Lozenges for Treating the Common ColdMark J. Shumate, MD, MPHMark J. Shumate, MD, MPHEmory University, Decatur, GA 30033Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-9-199705010-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the article by Mossad and colleagues [1] and the accompanying editorial [2] about use of zinc and the common cold. These papers suggested that some of the beneficial effect of zinc might be due to correction of a subclinical zinc deficiency. After reading this, I noticed that my daily vitamin supplement contains 15 mg of zinc.Do the researchers have data on the use of vitamin and mineral supplementation among their study participants? If a reasonable number of the participants were already receiving some form of supplementation, this proposed mechanism for the beneficial ...References1. Mossad SB, Macknin ML, Medendorp SV, Mason P. Zinc gluconate lozenges for treating the common cold. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:81-8. Google Scholar2. Prasad AS. Zinc: the biology and therapeutics of an ion [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:142-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark J. Shumate, MD, MPHAffiliations: Emory University, Decatur, GA 30033 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1997Volume 126, Issue 9Page: 738KeywordsCommon coldZinc ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Diet change vs pills for better health
Authors: Douglas Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2005)

That rather scrumptious looking salad on our cover may help you and your patients live longer. What has come to be known as the Mediterranean diet—lots of vegetables, legumes, fruit, fish, olives, and olive oil—has been shown in several small studies to correlate with decreased mortality rates. Now comes the news (p 271), from a large international cohort study of older Europeans, that eating food very much like that in the Mediterranean diet is indeed associated with increased survival. And if you don't like olive oil, you …
Liver Disease Secondary to Tetrachloroethylene Exposure
Authors: Lowell C. Meckler
Journal: JAMA (1966)

IN STUDYING a case of hepatitis in the acute state, caused by the inhalation of tetrachloroethylene fumes, it was found that since this dry-cleaning agent is commonly used in industry, many cases probably have gone undetected. It is hoped that the following case report will alert physicians to consider this disease entity. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 47-year-old white woman (MCH-7874-65) entered Mount Carmel Hospital with a history of heavy exposure to tetrachloroethylene two weeks prior to admission, when the dry-cleaning establishment in which she worked was cleaning its equipment. She had been employed at this store for 2 1/2 months. No estimation of the concentration of the dry-cleaning agent could be made, and the patient stated she walked "in and out" of the area where the fumes were the strongest, but never left the room where the solvent was being used. She further stated there was poor ventilation in
Experimental studies of immunologically mediated enteropathy. Development of cell mediated immunity and intestinal pathology during a graft-versus-host reaction in irradiated mice.
Authors: A M Mowat, M V Felstein, A Borland, D M Parrott
Journal: Gut (1988)

The intestinal component of a graft-versus-host reaction (GvHR) provides a useful experimental model to elucidate the pathogenesis of clinical enteropathies which cause villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia and which are associated with a local immune response. One to three days after induction of GvHR in heavily irradiated (CBAxBALB/c)F1 mice, a proliferative form of enteropathy developed. Compared with controls, these mice had increased counts of jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes and had a four-fold increase in crypt cell production rate as well as an increase in crypt length. These changes were accompanied by a marked enhancement of splenic natural killer cell activity. After day three, the crypt cell production rate fell to zero and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) which could lyse targets of host origin appeared. In parallel, mice with GvHR developed significant villus shortening and their clinical condition deteriorated. Further experiments showed that increased counts of intraepithelial lymphocytes, villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia also occurred in grafts of fetal CBA intestine implanted under the kidney capsule of (CBAxBALB/c)F1 mice with GvHR. As these grafts are syngeneic to the injected CBA spleen cells, they should not be attacked by anti-host cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We suggest that the proliferative and destructive components of enteropathy in GvHR are caused by lymphokines released by an anti-host delayed type hypersensitivity reaction.
NOISE AS A FACTOR IN THE CAUSATION OF DISEASE.
Authors: ROBERT W. HASTINGS
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Modern life has many peculiarities, and in his consideration of the influences which tend to the health or disease of the people, the physician must study carefully these features which may or may not introduce new factors. Among them, none is more frequently quoted than the tendency to group in large cities. So well accepted is this tendency that we need not give any figures to support the statement.  Many grave hygienic problems have resulted from this congestion of human life. Their solution has called for the most exact scientific research, careful formulation of sanitary laws and rigid enforcement of them. As a result, the dreadful scourges and epidemics which so often decimate the cities of the old world, do not obtain a foothold among us. Yet, disease is by no means abolished, though the average life may be a little lengthened. All too frequently life is cut short from
When Is the Evidence for 'No Association' Sufficient?
Authors: Barbara S. Hulka
Journal: JAMA (1984)

One of the provocative quirks about the scientific method is that we can never prove beyond doubt that there is<i>no</i>association between an exposure factor of interest and a particular disease. Even in the absence of any true association, the general theory of hypothesis testing practically guarantees that a small number of studies will show some "statistically significant" findings if enough studies are carried out. As a result, we can never be 100% sure that the null hypothesis of no association between exposure and disease is true. What is more, few are the scientists who would want to champion research that seeks to establish "no association." Journals are loath to publish negative results; funding agencies are apathetic; and for those who seek broader acclaim, the public press has little enthusiasm for negative studies. Why then is the article on estrogens and breast cancer inThe Journal<sup>1</sup>worthy of