tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1110 Alpha-V/beta-6 integrin and biliary fibrosis
Authors: D BISSELL, B WANG, N KIKUCHI, N LYSENKO, B DOLINSKI, D LEONE, K SIMON, S VIOLETTE
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Tenascin (Tn) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein upregulated during development, repair and oncogenesis. In the normal adult liver, Tn is limited to vessels and, focally, to sinusoidal walls. In this study, samples were obtained from 12 livers removed during transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Paraffin sections were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies BC-4 which recognizes all isoforms of Tn and α-SMA-1 to alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Intense Tn reactions were noted in areas of ductular proliferation and inflammation at the parenchyma-stroma interface. In the absence of ductular proliferation, no selective Tn upregulation was noted. Staining was preferentially located adjacent to ductular basement membranes, with minimal extension into the surrounding ECM. Advanced histologic stages with micronodules rimmed by proliferating ductules showed the most florid Tn reactions, whereas fibrous septa and edematous perinodular haloes did not react. Increased periductal Tn was also seen associated with active inflammation, notably around large, dilated sep-tal ducts, while fibro-obliterative ductal lesions and “onion skin fibrosis” did not stain. Focally enhanced Tn staining was noted in sinusoids neighboring ductular proliferation, and in dilated sinusoids within cirrhotic nodules. Reactions with α-SMA-1 highlighted myofibroblasts and activated Ito cells in topographic association with Tn reactions.We conclude that Tn is upregulated in PSC where it is preferentially localized in the remodeling matrix encompassing proliferating ductules and in altered periductal matrix. Our results suggest that Tn determinations in tissue or serum samples might be helpful in the clinical assessment of “activity” in PSC.
An Isoform-Specific SnoN1-FOXO1 Repressor Complex Controls Neuronal Morphogenesis and Positioning in the Mammalian Brain
Authors: Mai Anh Huynh, Yoshiho Ikeuchi, Stuart Netherton, Luis de la Torre-Ubieta, Rahul Kanadia, Judith Stegmüller, Constance Cepko, Shirin Bonni, Azad Bonni
Journal: Neuron (2011)
IL-33 promotes airway remodeling in pediatric patients with severe steroid-resistant asthma
Authors: Sejal Saglani, Stephen Lui, Nicola Ullmann, Gaynor A. Campbell, Rebekah T. Sherburn, Sara A. Mathie, Laura Denney, Cara J. Bossley, Timothy Oates, Simone A. Walker, Andrew Bush, Clare M. Lloyd
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Integration of hepatitis B virus and alteration of the 1p36 region found in cancerous tissue of primary hepatocellular carcinoma with viral replication evidenced only in noncancerous, cirrhotic tissue
Authors: Daniela Simon, Brian I. Carr
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We have studied the genetic profile of the host genome and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HBV-associated primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Comparative analyses of HCC cell line Hep 40 and the original biopsy specimens showed the episomal and replicating form of HBV only in the biopsy specimen from nontumor (NT) cirrhotic liver tissue, where a molecular change in the 1p36 region was detected (NT tissue showed a normal 46XY karyotype). In contrast, only integrated HBV was detected in HCC tumor (T) tissue and Hep 40 cells. Two HBV integration sites were identical in HCC tissue and the hyperdiploid Hep 40 cell line, where genetic alteration in the 1p36 region was identified. These data indicate that viral replication is ongoing only in NT cirrhotic-hyperplastic, chromosomally normal tissue with evidence for genetic instability. Only the tumor cell with altered genotype has virus integrated
Differences between patients with ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation as assessed by signal-averaged electrocardiogram, radionuclide ventriculography and cardiac mapping
Authors: A.Robert Denniss, David L. Ross, David A. Richards, Loraine K. Holley, Mark J. Cooper, David C. Johnson, John B. Uther
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Fractures of the Lower Extremity or Base of the Radius.
Authors: L S Pilcher
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of human cancers deficient in antigen processing.
Authors: N P Restifo, F Esquivel, Y Kawakami, J W Yewdell, J J Mulé, S A Rosenberg, J R Bennink
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Intracellular antigens must be processed before presentation to CD8+ T cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Using a recombinant vaccinia virus (Vac) to transiently express the Kd molecule, we studied the antigen processing efficiency of 26 different human tumor lines. Three cell lines, all human small cell lung carcinoma, consistently failed to process endogenously synthesized proteins for presentation to Kd-restricted, Vac-specific T cells. Pulse-chase experiments showed that MHC class I molecules were not transported by these cell lines from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. This finding suggested that peptides were not available for binding to nascent MHC molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. Northern blot analysis of these cells revealed low to nondetectable levels of mRNAs for MHC-encoded proteasome components LMP-7 and LMP-2, as well as the putative peptide transporters TAP-1 and TAP-2. Treatment of cells with interferon gamma enhanced expression of these mRNAs and reversed the observed functional and biochemical deficits. Our findings suggest that downregulation of antigen processing may be one of the strategies used by tumors to escape immune surveillance. Potential therapeutic applications of these findings include enhancing antigen processing at the level of the transcription of MHC-encoded proteasome and transporter genes.
MPs call for review of use of freedom of information legislation in scientific research
Authors: M. Billingsley
Journal: BMJ (2011)

MPs have called “as a matter of urgency” for new UK guidelines to define how freedom of information legislation should be applied to scientific research, after they reviewed previous inquiries into claims of potentially biased reporting of climate change research at the University of East Anglia.

After reviewing the case, which involved emails from scientists working at the university’s Climatic Research Unit, the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee found that the university was unhelpful in dealing with requests for research data made under freedom of information legislation. 

But it confirmed that there was no evidence to indicate that the research unit was trying to subvert the peer review process or manipulate data to validate its own …
The Radical Cure of Hernia by Torsion of the Sac
Authors: C. B. Ball
Journal: BMJ (1884)

With reference to the general health,; I atach flnch 1vinp&ftaee to milk forming a large element in the food.I stroagIgy 4a+iSb tepid water enemata, on alternate days if necessary, trather than purgatives, w-hen there is any tendency to chronic cOnstipatioini Thie patient should be in the open air for several hours daily, and*should always remain in the best posible positions, whether sittinger lying.I have not referred to the subject of division or excision of tendons for shortening partially paralysed muscles, as I have not yet seen any cases in whieh.this treatment appeared likely to be of the slightest use.Prognosis.-If there be ever so small an amount of voluntary power left, sorne improvement should be obtained by a month's treatment, and a very decided and marked improvement by the end of three months.Afterwards, the friends, having been properly trained, as well as the patient, can carry on the treatment almost as successfully at home for as long as is necessary.
Abstract LB-132: The central role of EED in orchestration of polycomb group complexes
Authors: Qi Cao, Xiaoju Wang, Meng Zhao, Rendong Yang, Rohit Malik, Yuanyuan Qiao, Anton Poliakov, Xuhong Cao, Clair Harris, Felix Y. Feng, Sundeep Kalantry, Zhaohui Qin, Saravana M. Dhanasekaran, Arul M. Chinnaiyan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins play a vital role in establishing and maintaining gene expression patterns during cellular differentiation and development. They are epigenetic regulators that are responsible for the repression of target genes involved in development and cell fate specification. PcG proteins function as multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complexes. In mammals, there are two major Polycomb Repressive Complexes, PRC1 and PRC2 that possess histone-modifying activity crucial for their role in gene repression through methylation of histone H3K27, as well as the mono-ubiquitination of histone H2AK119. Components of both PRC1 and PRC2 have been shown to be elevated in a number of tumor types and play an important role in neoplastic progression. Major components of human PRC2 include the histone methyltransferase, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2, and its known binding partners, Embryonic Ectoderm Development (EED) and Suppressor of Zeste 12 (SUZ12) that collectively function as a multi-subunit complex trimethylating histone H3K27. Fundamental collaborators of PRC2 in epigenetic silencing include human PRC1 which consists of B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (BMI1), RING1A (also known as RING1), and RING1B (also known as RING2 or RNF2). Together, they function as a multi-protein complex to ubiquitinate histone H2A at lysine 119 (uH2A). The leading hypothesis regarding PRC2 and PRC1 interaction is that PRC2-mediated tri-methylation of H3K27 recruits PRC1 to genomic loci leading to chromatin condensation and epigenetic silencing of target genes. While the evidence linking PRC1 and PRC2 is circumstantial, a physical or molecular link between these complexes has not been established. In this study, we make an unexpected observation that EED, previously considered a critical component of PRC2, is instead a shared component of PRC2 and PRC1 that functions to interchange these epigenetic complexes at sites of histone modification. This observation markedly enhances our understanding of how PRC2 and PRC1 coordinate epigenetic regulation and may have implications in therapeutically targeting these master regulators of transcription. Citation Format: Qi Cao, Xiaoju Wang, Meng Zhao, Rendong Yang, Rohit Malik, Yuanyuan Qiao, Anton Poliakov, Xuhong Cao, Clair Harris, Felix Y. Feng, Sundeep Kalantry, Zhaohui Qin, Saravana M. Dhanasekaran, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. The central role of EED in orchestration of polycomb group complexes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-132. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-132
Long-term outcome of patients given transplants of mobilized blood or bone marrow: a report from the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry and the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Norbert Schmitz, Mary Eapen, Mary M. Horowitz, Mei-Jie Zhang, John P. Klein, J. Douglas Rizzo, Fausto R. Loberiza, Alois Gratwohl, Richard E. Champlin
Journal: Blood (2006)
CONSTRICTION OF THE URETER
Authors: K. W. Monsarrat
Journal: BMJ (1905)

CONSTRICTION OF THE URETER.1 1 323 incision above to free the kidney and the upper ureter and a vaginal incision to free the lower end of the ureter.When the ureter is entirely free the fingers in the abdominal, and those in the vaginal wound meet and the organ is extracted above.Nephrowreterccystectomy.One of the most serious local extensions of the disease has, from the first, been deemed an involvement of the vesical walls, and a number of surgeons have considered cases of this character as beyond the pale of radical relief.My own work in some desperate cases has taught me that with careful surgery almost no case is beyond radical relief so long as the disease remains confined to the urinary tract of one side and the bladder; and to this may be added a non-tuberculous pyelitis of the opposite side.Two of my cases looked exceedingly hopeless and had been given up to die, both were emaciated by months of night vigils and constant intense suffering with tenesmus, and one did little else than lie moaning like a distressed animal, screaming if she was touched on the vagina, and soaked in her ofensive involuntary discharges.The bladder was con- tracted, ulcerated, bleeding, and uniformly of a deep angry red colour characteristic of an active universal cystitis.The first step was to relieve the pain, and that was done by making a large vesico-vaginal fistula.Next the tuberculous kidney with its thickened ureter was taken out, then in one case a large part of the bladder was excised, and subsequently another piece was taken out, both times suprapubically, 'between one-third and a-half in all.The fistula was closed, the bladder was irrigated and distended, and in the latter case the remaining kidney was irrigated.Both recovered over a year ago and are now well women managing their respective households.I cannot insist too strongly on the value of the prolonged bath at an even temperature of o00°F.for hours or all day as devised by Dr. Hunner for these cases, especially if the vagina is patulous.The steps in these bad cases are the following: (i) Drain a bladder thoroughly; (2) then remove kidney and ureter;(3) use the bath when possible; (4) close the fistula; (5) treat any remaining small patches of the disease with nitrate of silver applied through the open-air speculum; (6) use disten- sion and irrigation treatments; (7) excise any rebellious areas of disease.As a matter of fact the small patches of cystitis and the little areas of disease around the ureteral orifice are rarely tuberculous, and this is the reason they clear up so readily without further treatment after a nephrectomy.
Intracardiac Puncture in Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Leonard W. Cronkhite
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

EVALUATION of the proper method of therapy in cases of cardiac arrest or circulatory failure is difficult since many of the reported cases are not clinically analogous. The methods now in use include the injection of drugs directly into the heart, manual cardiac massage through an open incision and the use of various electric devices designed to defibrillate or to excite the cardiac musculature. The following case is reported in some detail to illustrate a variation in one of the more simple technics and to re-emphasize the value of an electrocardiographic diagnosis.Case ReportA. T. (M. G. H. 52521), . . .
Ankle Jerk in Psychiatric Patients
Authors: E. D. West, C. J. Walter
Journal: BMJ (1965)

factory tracings.The diagnostic accuracy of this method appears to compare quite favour- ably with that described by Miles and Surveyor.I agree with these authors that the timed ankle jerk is an observation which can be made both simply and rapidly, and as a " clinical test " is as valuable as any other single physical sign in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders.As a method of assessing response to treat- ment in either thyrotoxicosis or myxoedema, at a time when therapy may make other methods of investigation unreliable, it is, as they state, of great value.During the " follow-up " of patients treated with radio- iodine a persistently fast ankle jerk may be the earliest indication of inadequate dosage, and on the other hand excessive slowing has been shown to indicate early hypothyroidism before this has become apparent either on clinical examination or by conventional laboratory investigation.Ankle jerks were unobtainable on initial examination of two elderly and severely thyrotoxic patients, but were recordable in normal range after successful treatment.In the absence of complicating neurological disease I have wondered if this could be accepted as evidence of a thyrotoxic myo- pathy, and would be interested to know if Drs.Miles and Surveyor observed this effect in their series.-Iam, etc.,
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy for Evaluation of Phenotypic Expression of Small-Bowel Polyps in Patients with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and in Symptomatic First-Degree Relatives
Authors: J. Soares, L. Lopes, G. Vilas Boas, C. Pinho†
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Background and Study Aims: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an inherited gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis disorder. Small-bowel intussusception and bleeding are the most common complications, and malignancy may also occur. Survey of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly of the small bowel, is difficult and current recommendations for management syndrome are ambiguous. We evaluated the feasibility of capsule endoscopy for identifying phenotypic expression of small-bowel polyps in patients with full-blown PJS and a previous diagnosis of gastrointestinal polyposis, and in symptomatic kindred of PJS patients with no previous diagnosis of gastrointestinal polyposis. Patients and Methods: Two groups were studied: group A consisted of 14 patients with gastrointestinal polyposis, eight of whom had undergone previous small-intestine surgery; group B consisted of six symptomatic first-degree relatives of PJS patients; these patients had previous negative gastrointestinal endoscopic examinations.
Constitutive Presentation of a Natural Tissue Autoantigen Exclusively by Dendritic Cells in the Draining Lymph Node
Authors: Clemens Scheinecker, Rebecca McHugh, Ethan M. Shevach, Ronald N. Germain
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-dependent presentation of processed tissue-specific self-antigens can contribute to either peripheral (extrathymic) tolerance or the differentiation of autoreactive T cells. Here, we have studied the MHC class II molecule presentation of gastric parietal cell (PC)-specific H+/K+-ATPase, which induces a destructive autoimmune gastritis in BALB/c mice lacking CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed physical association of CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs) with PCs in the gastric mucosa. H+/K+-ATPase protein was found within vesicular compartments of a few CD11c+ DCs only in the draining gastric lymph node (LN) and these antigen-containing DCs increased markedly in number with the onset of tissue destruction in autoimmune animals. Both CD8αhi and CD8αlo gastric DCs, but not peripheral or mesenteric DCs, showed evidence of constitutive in vivo processing and presentation of H+/K+-ATPase. These data provide direct support for a widely held model of local tissue antigen uptake and trafficking by DCs in normal animals and demonstrate that DCs in the draining LN can present a tissue-specific self-antigen under noninflammatory conditions without fully deleting autoreactive T cells or inducing active autoimmunity.
Controlled prospective study of factor IX concentrate therapy and immunodeficiency
Authors: Mae B. Hultin, Raymond J. Dattwyler, Richard A. Lipton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract In 1983, six patients who were exclusively treated with factor IX (FIX) concentrate (&gt;40,000 units/yr) were prospectively matched for age and dosage to six patients treated exclusively with factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate and to six normal male controls. At baseline evaluation between October 1983 and May 1984, both groups had significantly decreased absolute T helper cell counts (mean of 452/μl and 505/μl for FIX‐ and FVIII‐treated groups, respectively) compared to normal (1,157/μl). By August 1988, three of the six FIX‐treated group have developed AIDS and two are seropositive for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Four of the six FVIII‐treated group have HIV seropositivity or disease. The other three patients (1/6 for FIX and 2/6 for FVIII) declined HIV antibody testing. Our results support other studies showing a dose‐related risk of HIV exposure for FIX concentrate‐treated patients and do not support the view that FIX concentrate was intrinsically safer than FVIII concentrate.
Development and validation of a pediatric severity index for sickle cell patients
Authors: Xandra W. van den Tweel, Johanna H. van der Lee, Harriët Heijboer, Marjolein Peters, Karin Fijnvandraat
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Abstract There is no instrument to measure severity of sickle cell disease (SCD) in pediatric patients that is generally accepted. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a severity index for SCD in children. We developed an index consisting of 12 items and tested its validity of the index using data from 92 children. We tested whether different scores were obtained for patients classified by severity both subjectively and objectively by a partially validated existing index. Furthermore, we tested whether the index could differentiate patients classified according to genotype or the number of α‐gene deletions and evaluated whether the score on the index was correlated with the average number and days of hospitalizations/year, age and a risk of death score. We explored the effect of three different weighting systems (Score A, B, and C) to summarize these items. All weightings demonstrated a significant difference between the scores of mild, moderate, and severely affected patients, as classified by a subjective rating or with an existing index ( P &lt; 0.01). The index clearly differentiated patients by genotype ( P &lt; 0.01) or α‐gene deletions ( P &lt; 0.01). The correlation with hospitalization was moderate. Age and the risk of death score were weakly associated with the pediatric severity index for SCD. This is the first pediatric SCD severity index that was developed and validated using modern clinimetric methodology. The validity and reliability of this index should be further evaluated in a prospective study including a larger cohort, preferably diagnosed at birth. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.