tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Passage of ions and dextran molecules across the rete mirabile of the eel. The effects of charge.
Authors: E A Rasio, C A Goresky
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The countercurrent-perfused rete mirabile of the eel is a preparation in which capillary permeability values can be determined accurately in broadscale fashion. To provide insight into charge effects on transendothelial passage, the permeability values of small inorganic cations (labeled sodium and rubidium, and stable potassium) and anions (labeled chloride, iodide, sulfate, and ferrocyanide) were compared to those expected for neutral solutes with approximately matched diffusion coefficients, and that of a neutral dextran fraction was compared to that of a negatively charged dextran sulfate with a similar diffusion coefficient. In the small ion experiments, the labeled iodide values were unexpectedly high, apparently due to the contamination of the labeled iodide solution with I-3. The permeabilities of the rest of the ions clustered at a level about 0.5 of the values which would have been expected for neutral solutes with similar diffusion coefficients. The decrement was interpreted to reflect the presence of both positive and negative charges along the transendothelial pathway, which effectively decrease the dimensions of the limiting part of the pathway for the charged microions relative to that accessible to comparable nonelectrolytes. The larger negatively charged dextran sulfate was also reduced in its passage, in comparison with its matching neutral dextran; this was taken to indicate the presence of a larger scale average net negative charge along its pathway. The data indicate the presence of a staggering of positive and negative charges along the transendothelial pathway accessible to the microions, and a net negative charge in the more restricted part of the pathway available to the dextrans.
Measurement of Sputum Volume in Factory and Office Workers
Authors: D. L. Miller, C. M. Tinker, C. M. Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The development of a chronic polioencephalitis is reported in a patient with infantile X-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia (IXH Bruton type agammaglobulinaemia). In early childhood, the patient had multiple episodes of purulent inflammation involving the meninges and respiratory tract. He was given continuous administration of gammaglobulin and intermittent treatment with antibiotics, and survived for 21 years. The neuropathological lesion, which revealed severe cerebral atrophy, is described.
Has RoboCop Got Diabetes?
Authors: Bo Berger, Pavel Burian, Kristina Nilsson, Mona Karlen, Elisabeth Rylander
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We received a picture series from Becton Dickinson (Fig. 1 A , here transformed to black and white and translated from Swedish) showing how syringes look after one, three, and five injections. We were astonished at how deformed the syringes were after a few injections.

To test the reproducibility of the …
Reporting of Diabetes Trends Among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders
Authors: Stella Sun-Young Yi, Chau Trinh-Shevrin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgeons will not want jobs in hospitals that do not do emergency surgery
Authors: R. Hopkins
Journal: BMJ (1996)

proportion of patients requiring high depend- ency and intensive care.To accommodate the additional emergency caseload we have returned about one third of elective cases, scheduled for high dependency care on the unit, direct to the ward.This has put additional strain on the ward staff.Cancellations of elective surgery requiring postoperative intensive care have unavoidably increased.Our experience highlights the underprovision of intensive care beds in the south east ofEngland.We welcome the recent announcement by the secre- tary of state for health of increased provision of intensive care services,' but in the neurosciences we think that it may be too little too late.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Statistical First Aid: Interpretation of Health Research Data
Authors: Paul S. Levy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 August 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Statistical First Aid: Interpretation of Health Research DataPaul S. Levy, MDPaul S. Levy, MDUniversity of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60680.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Statistical First Aid: Interpretation of Health Research DataRobert P. Hirsch and Richard K. Riegelman. 409 pages. Boston: Blackwell Publications; 1992. $29.95.Over the past three decades, using statistical methods in the clinical and basic medical sciences has increased, creating a need for all health professionals, including physicians, to understand basic statistical concepts and methods. Without this understanding, it is extremely difficult to read and evaluate intelligently the medical literature. Teaching statistics to medical students and practitioners, however, has not been entirely successful. Medical schools and specialty programs have often given it short shrift in their curricula, and its presentation is often ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60680. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 3Page: 254KeywordsChartsComputersDecision treesHealth statisticsStatistical dataStatistical methodsWeight gain ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Decreased membrane mechanical stability and in vivo loss of surface area reflect spectrin deficiencies in hereditary spherocytosis.
Authors: J A Chasis, P Agre, N Mohandas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Whereas marked variations in the clinical manifestations of hereditary spherocytosis have long been recognized, we have only recently begun to define the molecular basis for this heterogeneity. An important unanswered question is whether decreased spectrin results in reduced membrane mechanical stability, and if this reduction in membrane mechanical stability can be related to in vivo surface area loss. Using the ektacytometer, we quantitated membrane surface area and stability in erythrocytes from 18 individuals with hereditary spherocytosis and deficiencies of spectrin (30-80% of normal spectrin level). Membrane mechanical stability was reduced and the magnitude of the reductions correlated with the spectrin content. Moreover, the reductions in mechanical stability correlated with in vivo loss of membrane surface area. These data indicate that decreased spectrin content results in reduced membrane mechanical stability and surface area loss in vivo. We conclude that partial deficiencies of spectrin, reductions in membrane mechanical stability, and loss of membrane surface area are directly related and are major features determining the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of hereditary spherocytosis.
Subcutaneous efalizumab is not effective in the treatment of alopecia areata
Authors: Vera H. Price, Maria K. Hordinsky, Elise A. Olsen, Janet L. Roberts, Elaine C. Siegfried, Elyse S. Rafal, Neil J. Korman, Basel Altrabulsi, Hoi M. Leung, Marvin R. Garovoy, Ivor Caro, David A. Whiting
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
Abstract LB-39: Human cone precursor-derived retinoblastoma tumors
Authors: Xiaoliang L. Xu, Hardeep P. Singh, Lu Wang, Donglai Qi, Bradford K. Poulos, David H. Abramson, Suresh C. Jhanwar, David Cobrinik
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Retinoblastomas initiate in response to biallelic RB1 inactivation and loss of functional Rb protein, yet the cell of origin and cellular circuitry that sensitizes to Rb loss have been unclear. Here, we probed the cellular origin of retinoblastoma by assessing cell type-specific responses to shRNA-mediated Rb depletion in dissociated fetal retina, in intact retina, and in isolated cone precursor populations. In dissociated retinal cultures, RB1 knockdown induced S phase entry and proliferation of cells expressing markers of cone precursors (CRX + L/M opsin, or CRX + cone arrestin, or CRX + RXRγ) but not markers or other retinal cell types. Similarly, RB1 knockdown induced cone precursor proliferation in the undissociated retina and in prospectively isolated cone precursor populations. Proliferation of FACS-isolated cone precursors correlated with the induction of E2F-responsive genes and depended upon factors having strong cone precursor expression and crucial roles in retinoblastoma cell proliferation, including MDM2, MYCN, TRβ2, and SKP2. The proliferative response to Rb depletion was enhanced by co-depletion of the Rb-related p130 but was abrogated by co-depletion of p107, concordant with frequent p130 but not p107 losses in retinoblastoma tumors. Rb- and Rb/p130-depleted cone precursors proliferated in suspension and formed tumors in orthotopic xenografts with histologic features and protein expression profiles typical of differentiated human retinoblastomas. These findings indicate that post-mitotic human cone precursors are uniquely sensitive to the proliferative and oncogenic effects of Rb depletion and imply that human cone precursor circuitry collaborates with inactivating RB1 mutations to initiate retinoblastoma tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Xiaoliang L. Xu, Hardeep P. Singh, Lu Wang, Donglai Qi, Bradford K. Poulos, David H. Abramson, Suresh C. Jhanwar, David Cobrinik. Human cone precursor-derived retinoblastoma tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-39. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-39
New Strategies Aimed at E coli O157:H7
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

TWELVE YEARS after<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157:H7 debuted on the public health scene, experts concede that glaring gaps in medical and scientific knowledge of the pathogen still exist. In its report last month on curbing new infections or at least easing their toll, an expert panel convened by the American Gastroenterological Association Foundation suggested future avenues for research. Their recommendations point to the need for new or continuing studies in five areas: The pathogenesis of E coli 0157: H7 infections. Animal and environmental reservoirs. Methods of rapid diagnosis and detection. Therapy and prevention. The significance of non-O157:H7 E coli that produce the same or a similar type of toxin. <h3>Why Is O157:H7 So Virulent?</h3> More than 150<i>E coli</i>OH serotypes (O identifies the somatic antigen, and H notes the flagellar) have been isolated from humans. Among them, the 0157: H7 strain is most frequently linked with both disease epidemics and
Ulcerative colitis and HLA phenotype.
Authors: M Cottone, M Bunce, C J Taylor, A Ting, D P Jewell
Journal: Gut (1985)

The distribution of HLA A, B, C, DR antigens was investigated in a British population with ulcerative colitis. Fifty six patients were typed for HLA, A, B, C and 46 additionally for DR. No association was found between the HLA phenotype and the presence or absence of ulcerative colitis. Serum from 52 patients was tested for the presence of the anticolon antibody. There was no relation between the presence of the antibody and the HLA phenotype. Finally, no correlation was found between the HLA phenotypes, the age of onset of the disease, the extent and the clinical course.
Genetic make up and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders
Authors: A Khan
Journal: Thorax (2004)

▴ Gilliland FD, Li Y, Saxon A, et al . Effect of glutathione-S-transferase M1 and P1 genotype on xenobiotic enhancement of allergic responses: randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study. Lancet2004;363:119–25 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] It is well known that air pollution increases morbidity from asthma and other allergic disorders. The genetic factors that underlie this process are complex and poorly understood. Oxidative stress has emerged as an important mechanism in the toxic effects of environmental pollution. The ability of an individual to … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DLancet%26rft.stitle%253DLancet%26rft.aulast%253DGilliland%26rft.auinit1%253DF.%2BD.%26rft.volume%253D363%26rft.issue%253D9403%26rft.spage%253D119%26rft.epage%253D125%26rft.atitle%253DEffect%2Bof%2Bglutathione-S-transferase%2BM1%2Band%2BP1%2Bgenotypes%2Bon%2Bxenobiotic%2Benhancement%2Bof%2Ballergic%2Bresponses%253A%2Brandomised%252C%2Bplacebo-controlled%2Bcrossover%2Bstudy.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0140-6736%252803%252915262-2%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F14726165%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15262-2&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=14726165&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F59%2F4%2F333.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000187939200009&link_type=ISI
Alfacalcidol as a modulator of growth of low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
Authors: D Cunningham, N L Gilchrist, R A Cowan, G J Forrest, C S McArdle, M Soukop
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Ten patients with low grade non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma (seven follicular small cleaved and three small lymphocytic) were treated with 1 microgram oral alfacalcidol (1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol) daily. Of the seven patients with lymphomas of follicular small cleaved subtype, one achieved complete and three partial remission, whereas none of three patients with small lymphocytic lymphomas responded. In seven of the 10 patients, 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors were measured in tissue from lymph nodes, and a positive correlation between the presence and amount of receptor and response to alfacalcidol was found. These preliminary data suggest that alfacalcidol has appreciable antitumour activity in low grade non-Hodgkin9s lymphomas.
Trevor Lloyd Davies George Roy Green George Michael Kane Patrick James Thompson Millen Tom Pickles Pattinson John Maitland ("Johnny") Watermeyer
Authors: W R Lee, B. Green, A J Twigley, K A Millen, I. Pattinson, A. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Hospital in 1935, he changed to industrial medicine two years later, working at Boots, where he wrote several papers and in the immediate postwar years an
Coronary Plaque Composition, Morphology, and Outcomes in Patients With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Usman Baber, Gregg W. Stone, Giora Weisz, Pedro Moreno, George Dangas, Akiko Maehara, Gary S. Mintz, Ecaterina Cristea, Martin Fahy, Ke Xu, Alexandra J. Lansky, Bertil Wennerblom, Detlef G. Mathey, Barry Templin, Zhen Zhang, Patrick W. Serruys, Roxana Mehran
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Prognostic Value of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography for Prediction of Cardiac Events in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Martin Hadamitzky, Barbara Freißmuth, Tanja Meyer, Franziska Hein, Adnan Kastrati, Stefan Martinoff, Albert Schömig, Jörg Hausleiter
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
F-box protein FBXL19–mediated ubiquitination and degradation of the receptor for IL-33 limits pulmonary inflammation
Authors: Jing Zhao, Jianxin Wei, Rachel K Mialki, Daniel F Mallampalli, Bill B Chen, Tiffany Coon, Chunbin Zou, Rama K Mallampalli, Yutong Zhao
Journal: Nature Immunology (2012)
The Brain: Towards an Understanding
Authors: Mary Jane C. Showers
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An extensive and delightfully written introduction entreats the public to become intrigued with the burgeoning "brain science" of our time. The author takes up a host of questions: the problem of memory, the neurophysiologic correlates of consciousness; the emergence of the questioning intellect of mankind as derived from primate cerebral cortex; the neurologic mechanisms of behavior; the numerous facets of perception and consciousness; the simile of computers and living brains; the feasibility of neurologically controlled prostheses for special sensory and locomotor deficits; the cure of a variety of degenerative diseases affecting the brain; the attempt to solve the riddle of mind and brain. Illustrative material is in the form of line drawings. The approach of the text is fundamentally through the eyes of a biophysicist dominated by extensive experience in molecular biology. Interdisciplinary boundaries are crossed with some decrement to the initial promises of the book. For the educated reader
THE DOWNES ELECTROTHERMIC CLAMPS.FURTHER EXPERIENCE IN THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER OF THE UTERUS.
Authors: CHARLES P. NOBLE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The treatment of cancer of the uterus is one of the important questions of the day. Without treatment the disease is a hopeless one and usually causes death within two or three years. The accepted treatment for cancer of the uterus at the present time is hysterectomy; and, without entering into details, it may be stated that cases thus operated on before the disease has apparently invaded the parametria have the following results: The primary mortality of the operation is from 5 to 10 per cent. Adenocareinoma of the corpus uteri is cured by hysterectomy in about 75 per cent. of the cases. Epithelioma of the cervix uteri is cured in about 10 per cent. of the cases. Less than 10 per cent. of cases of adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri are cured by hysterectomy. Perhaps these figures would be more accurate if it were stated that this is the general average rather than the results secured by early operation.
Renal effects of atrial natriuretic factor during control of the renin-angiotensin system in anesthetized dogs.
Authors: A A Seymour, E K Mazack
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The contribution of the renin-angiotensin system to the natriuretic responses to intrarenal infusions of 1, 5, 25, and 125 pmol/kg/min synthetic rat atrial natriuretic peptide 101-126 was determined in one-kidney anesthetized dogs. In vehicle-treated dogs, atrial natriuretic peptide 101-126 increased fractional sodium excretion from 1.8 +/- 0.6% to a peak response of 5.1 +/- 0.9% during infusion of 25 pmol/kg/min. The peptide progressively decreased mean arterial pressure from 110 +/- 5 to 94 +/- 4 mm Hg, renal vascular resistance from 0.40 +/- 0.02 to 0.30 +/- 0.02 mm Hg/ml/min, and arterial plasma renin activity from 4.3 +/- 1.6 to 3.1 +/- 0.8 ng/ml/hr. When the renin-angiotensin system was blocked by 3 mg/kg i.v. enalaprilat, baseline pressure fell to 86 +/- 4 mm Hg, and subsequent infusions of atrial natriuretic peptide 101-126 did not affect fractional sodium excretion. The decreases in blood pressure (from 86 +/- 4 to 76 +/- 4 mm Hg) and in renal vascular resistance (from 0.27 +/- 0.03 to 0.23 +/- 0.02 mm Hg/ml/min) were also ameliorated compared with the control responses. Intravenous infusion of 2.5 ng/kg/min angiotensin II restored mean arterial pressure and potentiated the natriuretic and renal vascular responses to atrial natriuretic peptide 101-126. In two additional groups of anesthetized dogs, enalaprilat did not produce the profound hypotension and did not affect the natriuretic responses to atrial natriuretic peptide 101-126. When renal vascular resistance was elevated by intrarenal infusion of angiotensin II in enalaprilat-treated dogs, the natriuretic response was improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cancer survival in Britain
Authors: K. Sikora
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Collecting cancer statistics is a dry business. Much effort, dedication, and skill have been put into developing an effective network of cancer registries around Europe. Further work to standardise the datasets and provide efficient quality control now makes the comparison of cancer survival between European countries realistic. Britain does not do well in such a comparison.1

The clearest outcome indicator for the quality of cancer care is the percentage of patients surviving five years after diagnosis. Most patients can be considered cured after this time, having actuarial survival curves exactly parallel to people of similar age and sex without cancer.2 The current analysis comes from 33 cancer registries in 17 countries. The figures cover the period 1978-89 and represent the most recent available, to allow for a five year maturation period and for the subsequent collection, analysis, and quality control. Because data come from cancer registries, they do not always cover the entire populations of all the participating countries. Within the United Kingdom data were available for the whole of Scotland and for almost half (46%) …
After Three Randomised Controlled Trials Comparing 120-W High-Performance-System Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate Laser Vaporisation to Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), Is This Procedure Finally First-Line, Outdated, or Still Not Surpassing TURP?
Authors: Stephan Madersbacher
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Molecular epidemiology and prevention of cancer.
Authors: F P Perera
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Preventable environmental causes of cancer, including tobacco smoke and other carcinogens in the diet, workplace, and ambient environment are responsible for the vast majority of human cancers. This paper reviews recent molecular epidemiologic studies that have focused on environmental carcinogenesis and environment-host interactions. Biomarkers such as carcinogen-DNA and carcinogen-protein adducts, mutations in reporter or target genes (e.g., HPRT, GPA, ras, p53), or genetic or acquired susceptibility factors (e.g., polymorphisms in the P450 or glutathione-S-transferase genes and serum levels of antioxidants) have shown significant potential in prevention. They should be useful in early identification of at risk individuals and in designing and monitoring interventions (smoking cessation, exposure reduction, and chemoprevention).