tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4662: Prognostic value of total lesion glycolysis from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Minkyu Jung, Beodeul Kang, Ji Soo Park, Sun Min Lim, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Joong Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Mijin Yun, Arthur Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas (NET) are very rare, aggressive tumors of the stomach. The objective of this study was to examine the predictive role of pretreatment fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET)-assessed metabolic parameter of the whole-body and primary tumors in patients with gastric NET Method: We conducted a retrospective review of the 25 patients with histopathologically confirmed poorly differentiated NETs of the stomach at our hospital between January 2005 and December 2012. All of the patients underwent 18F-FDG-PET examination at diagnosis. Metabolic parameters [SUVmax, SUVmean, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG)] on pretreatment 18F-FDG-PET were analyzed for survival. Results: Median follow up duration was 39.4 months (95% CI, 20.0-58.1 months) and median overall survival (OS) was 25.7 months (95% CI, 14.1-37.2 months). When subjects were divided into two groups according to TLG with a cutoff value of 500, the high TLG group showed significantly shorter OS compared to the low TLG group (p=0.006). However, SUVmean and SUVmax had no significant association OS (p = 0.258, and p = 0.52, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that TLG may be more useful than SUVmean and SUVmax for predicting OS in patient with NET. The TLG measurement on 18F-FDG-PET imaging could be routinely recommended to advanced gastric cancer with neuroendocrine carcinoma Citation Format: Minkyu Jung, Beodeul Kang, Ji Soo Park, Sun Min Lim, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Joong Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Mijin Yun, Arthur Cho. Prognostic value of total lesion glycolysis from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4662. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4662
"ACIDOSIS" AND HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION
Authors: W. M. Bayliss
Journal: BMJ (1918)

IN Professor Moore's second paperi he carries on the problem of " buffer salts " to the important practical con- nexion it has with the state called "acidosis" and with the appropriate treatment thereof.The question is dis- cussed in some detail in a forthcoming memorandum of the " Shock " Committee, which will soon be placed by the Medical Research Committee at the disposal of those interested.But it may serve a good purpose if I attempt, as briefly and simply as I can, to place the main points of the discussion before the judgement of the readers of this JOURNAL.Before doing so I may be permitted to reply to Professor Moore's criticism of my previous statements so far ar they refer to the relative importance of the proteins and the bicarbonate in the blood.W'hen Fernbaclh and Hubert used the word " tampon," we may surely assume that they were aware of its meaning.Littr6's Dictionnaire de Medecine, after stating that " tampon " is used for " tamponnement," describes the latter thus:
Lower Abdominal Swelling and Scrotal Enlargement
Authors: Huan J. Chang
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of biological markers and pharmacokinetics in human health risk assessment.
Authors: D Hattis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

There are two reasons to connect discussions of biological markers and pharmacokinetics. First, both tend to open up the black box between exposure and effect. Doing this promises more complete scientific understanding than simple input-output analysis, the possibility of better mechanism-based projection of risk beyond the range of possible direct observations, and the possibility of greater sensitivity of analysis, in some cases going from the organism to the cell as the unit of analysis. Second, pharmacokinetic (or similar pharmacodynamic) analysis will often be essential for appropriate interpretation of biological marker information. One needs some sort of dynamic model of the generation and loss of the marker in relation to exposure in order to use a biological marker, either to form a better measure of dosage (either accumulated past dose, or biologically relevant dose), or to make an improved prediction of effect. (For example, the use of a blood cadmium level alone to predict kidney effects might be inferior to predictions based on aggregate past accumulation of cadmium in the kidney, based on the past history of cadmium blood levels x time). Several examples will be discussed of the use of biomarkers and pharmacokinetics in risk assessments for both carcinogenesis and other effects.
Evaluation and Management of the Cardiovascular Patient Embarking on Air Travel
Authors: Stephen E. Possick, Michèle Barry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Almost 2 billion passengers embark on international and domestic air travel each year. An increasing number of travelers will have cardiovascular disease as the population continues to age and our ability to treat cardiac disease improves. Guidelines for safe air travel in this population vary and are supported by few concrete data from randomized trials. Although the overall risk for clinically significant myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia during flight seems to be low in the population with stable cardiovascular disease, certain groups may be at increased risk. In-flight venous thrombosis is an increasingly recognized potential complication of prolonged air travel. Travelers with cardiovascular disease may be at increased risk for venous thrombosis as a result of depressed ejection fraction or immobility. This case-based review describes the risks of air travel in a 65-year-old man with known cardiovascular disease. After reviewing the limited data on safe air travel after myocardial infarction and the common complications after both percutaneous intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting, we provide recommendations on safe air travel after myocardial infarction. We discuss the safety of both preflight screening and the in-flight environment with regard to pacemakers and implantable automatic defibrillators. We also review the literature on in-flight venous thrombosis and provide recommendations to prevent in-flight deep venous thrombosis.
Twice Weekly Chemotherapy For Tuberculosis
Authors: Ted A. Westley
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  The Public Health Service Indian Hospital in Whiteriver, Ariz, has a program for treatment of tuberculosis similar to that described in Hudson and Sbarbaro's article inThe Journal(223:139, 1973). This program has been used since September 1970 for treating tuberculosis patients on an outpatient basis.  The Fort Apache Indian Reservation is located in east central Arizona. Topographically, the reservation varies from rugged mountains to semidesert. There is no public transportation. Most of the people speak English, but often prefer using their own language that necessitates use of an interpreter. It is estimated that 80% of the homes are served by adequate domestic water, and 60% of the homes are served by adequate waste disposal facilities. The population is estimated at 6,200 with 66% under the age of 26 years.  The hospital and clinic is staffed with five physicians, one pediatric nurse associate, one physician assistant, and
US presidential candidates clash over health care
Authors: Daniel Engber
Journal: BMJ (2004)

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President George Bush accused John Kerry of wanting to introduce government run health, which would bring rationing and less choice

Credit: KEVORK DJANSEZIAN/AP

George Bush likened the efficiency of the American healthcare system to that of “the buggy and horse days,” and John Kerry described the president as having “turned his back on the wellness of America.” Last week, the two men were on stage together for the last time this election season, in the only one of the three campaign debates to focus exclusively on domestic issues.

Grim statistics composed the backdrop for their discussion of healthcare reform–45 million Americans are uninsured, five million have lost their insurance in the past four years, and insurance costs have risen by 36% under the current administration. And the statistics kept coming, as the candidates seemed more inclined …

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Social Psychological Factors in Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Carolyn C. Gotay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Daugherty et al have provided elegant and thoughtful reasoning to identify the circumstances under which placebos may be acceptable, or even advisable, in cancer clinical trials. Although the scientific concerns they so skillfully elucidate provide a guide for clinical trial design, additional considerations are likely to affect the successful completion of clinical trials that include placebos. The social psychology of the clinical trials process is important to consider when it comes to the acceptability and use of such trials. Social psychological factors include individual and social influences on behavior, some of which will be discussed further: public perceptions, patient and oncologist preferences, and patient communication.
Chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis: new approaches to treatment
Authors: JANET M. HIGGS, R.S. WELLS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

SUMMARY

Chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis may be associated with several defined syndromes of immunodeficiency or may be the predominant feature in a group of diseases, some of which are genetically determined.



Current therapeutic approaches are discussed in relation to each clinical group, with particular reference to immunological reconstitution, correction of iron deficiency and other nutritional deficiencies. The effects of two new antifungal agents are considered, as well as the use of parenteral amphotericin B in a low dose. The possible use of combined therapy is outlined in patients who are more severely affected.
Genetic Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk-Reply
Authors: Jo L. Freudenheim
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the comments of Dr Kazandjian. One cannot argue against anything that would promote better training of medical students and consequently alter the "destiny" of their patients through better management and education. However, we would emphasize that disease susceptibility based on carcinogen metabolism may confer no risk without exposure to that compound. Specifically, for most cancers, while the carcinogen-metabolizing genes are predisposing, they are not predetermining, and one's destiny (ie, genetic risk) can be altered by behavior modification. It also is important to understand that<i>NAT2</i>is only one of many genes involved in cancer susceptibility. Thus, risk from this gene and tobacco smoke exposure may be only 1 pathway in breast carcinogenesis with several other intervening variables. Kazandjian also raises the issue that the knowledge of a patient's predisposition for the physician would empower him or her to advise the patient on lifestyle choices that may reduce the
Randomised clinical trial of manipulative therapy and physiotherapy for persistent back and neck complaints: results of one year follow up.
Authors: B. W. Koes, L. M. Bouter, H. van Mameren, A. H. Essers, G. M. Verstegen, D. M. Hofhuizen, J. P. Houben, P. G. Knipschild
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To compare the effectiveness of manipulative therapy, physiotherapy, treatment by the general practitioner, and placebo therapy in patients with persistent non-specific back and neck complaints. DESIGN--Randomised clinical trial. SETTING--Primary health care in the Netherlands. PATIENTS--256 patients with non-specific back and neck complaints of at least six weeks9 duration who had not received physiotherapy or manipulative therapy in the past two years. INTERVENTIONS--At the discretion of the manipulative therapists, physiotherapists, and general practitioners. Physiotherapy consisted of exercises, massage, and physical therapy (heat, electrotherapy, ultrasound, shortwave diathermy). Manipulative therapy consisted of manipulation and mobilisation of the spine. Treatment by general practitioners consisted of drugs (for example, analgesics), advice about posture, home exercises, and (bed)rest. Placebo treatment consisted of detuned shortwave diathermy (10 minutes) and detuned ultrasound (10 minutes). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Changes in severity of the main complaint and limitation of physical functioning measured on 10 point scales by a blinded research assistant and global perceived effect measured on a 6 point scale by the patients. RESULTS--Many patients in the general practitioner and placebo groups received other treatment during follow up. Improvement in the main complaint was larger with manipulative therapy (4.5) than with physiotherapy (3.8) after 12 months9 follow up (difference 0.9; 95% confidence interval 0.1 to 1.7). Manipulative therapy also gave larger improvements in physical functioning (difference 0.6; -0.1 to 1.3). The global perceived effect after six and 12 months9 follow up was similar for both treatments. CONCLUSIONS--Manipulative therapy and physiotherapy are better than general practitioner and placebo treatment. Furthermore, manipulative therapy is slightly better than physiotherapy after 12 months.
Hospital Ministry: The Role of the Chaplain Today
Authors: Rabbi Amy Eilberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In an age in which medical personnel and patients alike unavoidably focus their attention on issues of cost and competition, a sophisticated book on the spiritual dimension of health care is a welcome diversion.<i>Hospital Ministry: The Role of the Chaplain Today</i>, edited by Lawrence E. Holst, is such a book. Holst and his cocontributors, members of the Division of Pastoral Care of Chicago's Lutheran General Hospital, have created a volume that admirably captures both the experiential and conceptual dimensions of the work of the hospital chaplain. As such, this book serves equally well as an introduction to pastoral care for medical personnel, patients, and clergy and as an important addition to the professional literature of the pastoral care field. The ideological centerpiece of the book is Holst's definition of "human ecology" as "the understanding and care of human beings as whole persons in light of their relationship to God,
Cancer Prevention and the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Scott M. Lippman, Bernard Levin, Dean E. Brenner, Gary B. Gordon, Carolyn R. Aldige, Barnett S. Kramer, Judy E. Garber, Ernest Hawk, Patricia A. Ganz, Mark R. Somerfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Scott M. Lippman and Bernard Levin, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dean E. Brenner, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Gary B. Gordon, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; Carolyn R. Aldige, Cancer Prevention and Research Foundation of America, Alexandria, VA; Barnett S. Kramer, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD; Judy E. Garber, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Ernest Hawk, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD; Patricia A. Ganz, UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Los Angeles, CA; Mark R. Somerfield, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA. These authors collaborated on this article as a Writing Committee of the ASCO Cancer Prevention Committee.
The molecular lesion in the alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase gene that causes angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with glycopeptiduria.
Authors: A M Wang, T Kanzaki, R J Desnick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with glycopeptiduria is a recently recognized inborn error of glycoprotein catabolism resulting from the deficient activity of human alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (E.C. 3.2.1.49; alpha-GalNAc). The first patient with this autosomal recessive disorder, a 46-yr-old consanguineous Japanese woman, presented with diffuse angiokeratoma, mild intellectual impairment, and peripheral neuroaxonal degeneration. Deficient alpha-GalNAc activity also has been reported in consanguineous brothers with an infantile-onset form of neuroaxonal dystrophy resulting from a missense mutation (designated E325K) in the alpha-GalNAc gene. To identify the mutation causing the phenotypically distinct adult-onset disorder, Southern and Northern hybridization analyses of DNA and RNA from the affected homozygote were performed which revealed a grossly normal alpha-GalNAc gene structure and normal transcript size and abundancy. Reverse transcription, amplification, and sequencing of the alpha-GalNAc transcript identified a single C to T transition at nucleotide (nt) 985 that predicted an arginine to tryptophan substitution in residue 329 (designated R329W) of the alpha-GalNAc polypeptide. This base substitution was confirmed by hybridization of PCR-amplified genomic DNA from family members with allele-specific oligonucleotides. Transient expression of an alpha-GalNAc construct containing the R329W mutation resulted in the expression of an immunoreactive polypeptide which had no detectable alpha-GalNAc activity. Comparison of the biosynthesis and stabilities of the transiently expressed and radiolabeled normal, E325K (infantile-onset) and R329W (adult-onset) alpha-GalNAc polypeptides in COS-1 cells indicated that both the mutant precursors were processed to the mature form; however, the E325K mutant polypeptide was more rapidly degraded than the R329W subunit, thereby providing a basis for the distinctly different infantile- and adult-onset phenotypes.
Fraud cases being investigated in the NHS double
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The total debt for NHS health authorities in England has more than doubled over the past year, a report published last week by the National Audit Office has said.

The report showed that the net deficit of the NHS in England for 1999-2000 totalled £129m ($181m), compared with £61m in 1998-9. More than half (59/99) of the health authorities in England and Wales reported a deficit (only 48 out of 100 did so the previous year).

The report also showed an increase in the number of cases of fraud in the NHS being investigated. There were 484 cases of fraud, with an estimated total cost …
Nasal Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Persistent Allergic Rhinitis and Persistent Idiopathic Non-Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: S. Lopez, C. Rondon, R. R-Pena, C. Mayorga, M.J. Torres, C. Antunez, J.J. Romero, J.A. Cornejo-Garcia, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Mechanisms of Neural Regeneration. Progress in Brain Research
Authors: Harold Koenig
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Peripheral and central axons, long the object of intense morphological and electrophysiological investigation, are viewed in this book from new vantage points. This volume consists of eight papers on various aspects of these living threads of cytoplasm.  Lubinska studies the axoplasmic streaming in normal and regenerating nerve fibers and exhaustively documents the bidirectional mobility of axonal constituents. Gutmann, discussing neurotrophic relations in the regeneration process, deals with the interrelations between neurons and effector organs. Miani reports studies on the proximo-distal movement of phospholipids in axoplasm of intact and regenerating axons. Scott and Liu describe enhanced regeneration of axons in severed feline spinal cord following administration of the nerve growth stimulating factor from mouse salivary gland. Webster describes the ultrastructural changes in diphtheritic neuropathy. Zelena presents evidence for a trophic effect exerted by sensory nerve endings on the differentiation and maintenance of receptor organs. Trampusch elucidates the neurotrophic factor responsible for
Efficacy of cyclosporin A in psoriasis: a summary of the United States' experience
Authors: M.S. FRADIN, C.N. ELLIS, J.J. VOORHEES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Since its discovery in 1972, cyclosporin A (CyA) has been widely used in the experimental treatment of multiple inflammatory diseases considered to be of immune‐mediated aetiology. In dermatology, oral CyA is most effective in the treatment of psoriasis and has been used successfully for plaque‐type, pustular and erythrodermic forms of the disease. While dosages ranging from 1 to 14 mg/kg/day have been used, a starting dose of 4 mg/kg/day gives a rapid response with few side‐effects. Nephrotoxicity remains the greatest concern in long‐term use of the drug. Although intralesional CyA has proven effective in psoriasis, topical preparations have not. It is hoped that future research will provide effective topical formulations of CyA which are efficacious without the risks inherent in systemic administration.
A comparison of the anatomical uniformity of irradiation in two different photochemotherapy units
Authors: B.L. DIFFEY, T.R. HARRINGATON, A.V.J. CHALLONER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Measurements have been made of the anatomical distribution of ultraviolet radiation resulting from the irradiation of an inanimate manikin in a PUVA 6000 unit and a PUVA 4000 unit. The dosimeter used was phenothiazine film. The results indicated a very similar pattern of relative UV dose on the surface of the manikin from both units.
Complications Following Paravertebral Lumbar Sympathetic Block with Nupercaine in Oil
Authors: Jacob T. Bradsher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

THE complications following the use of procaine and procaine-like compounds in producing therapeutic and diagnostic paravertebral lumbar sympathetic blocks are infrequently reported in the literature. However, the relation of the sympathetic chain to the spinal cord and the major vessels in much of its course, the relatively poorly controlled method of placing the anesthetic solution around the chain and the toxicity of the anesthetic agents used make the procedure occasionally hazardous.Shumacker,1 in his experiments with guinea pigs, found the median lethal dose of procaine (U.S.P.) when injected into the lumbar paravertebral area to be half the subcutaneous dose. He . . .