tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of asthma with serum IgE and skin test reactivity to allergens among children living at high altitude. Tickling the dragon's breath.
Authors: R Sporik, J M Ingram, W Price, J H Sussman, R W Honsinger, T A Platts-Mills
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Asthma in children and young adults is strongly associated with immediate hypersensitivity to indoor allergens, notably those derived from the house dust mite. In addition, outdoor air pollution is considered to aggravate existing asthma. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and the pattern of allergen sensitization in a mite-free environment with low levels of outdoor air pollution. A total of 567 children aged between 12 and 14 attending Los Alamos Middle School, NM (altitude 7,200 feet) were screened using a respiratory questionnaire; 120 children (53 control children) underwent allergen skin testing and serum IgE measurement, and their bronchial reactivity to histamine was measured. Dust was collected from 111 homes and the level of indoor mite and cat allergen measured. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was high (13%), and from the detailed testing it was estimated that 6.3% of the children had asthma (defined as symptomatic bronchial reactivity). Children with asthma had elevated IgE, 367 (179 to 755) versus 38 (23 to 61), and predominant sensitization to cat, 68 versus 20% (p < 0.001). A high number of households (77%) had a pet cat or dog. The concentration of mite allergen was very low (mean 0.18 micrograms Der p milligrams sieved house dust), whereas that of cat allergen was high in homes with a cat (80.8 micrograms Fel d milligrams) but also in homes with no cat (3.2 micrograms Fel d milligrams). The results show that in a mite-free environment with low levels of outdoor air pollution, asthma was still a major cause of morbidity among schoolchildren.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone induced by diclofenac.
Authors: N T Cheung, S Coley, T Sheeran, R D Situnayake
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Terfenadine is a non-sedating anti- histamine, available without pre- scription in many countries.We report torsades de pointes ventricu- lar tachycardia occurring in a healthy woman who was treated with regular doses of terfenadine and itraconazole, an antifugal agent.As far as we know this is the first report of interaction between terfenadine and itraconazole.
817. Rapid and Efficient Titration of Retroviral Vectors Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR
Authors: Seung Shin Yu, Kazuyuki Dan, Takashi Ueno, Junichi Mineno, Ikunosin Kato
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Estimation of viral titer of retroviral vectors has been aided by the use of marker genes within the vector genome. In most cases, these markers are antibiotic resistance gene, or molecules expressed on the cell surface. However, the concerning about the immunogenic potential of these marker genes in animal models and clinical trials, have prompted investigators to remove marker genes from their vector genomes. In addition, the fact that transgene expression may vary between cell types makes a 'titer' cell type specific. Therefore, it is necessary to devise an objective standard method of titration which does not require a marker gene and which is independent of target cell type. For this purpose, we have developed assays that use quantitative real-time PCR to estimate the titer of MLV-based retroviral vector lacking selectable markers. We designed and screened various kinds of primers that can be universally used for any type of MLV-based vectors, and selected one primer set considering high specificity as well as high reactivity. Cell-free viral supernatant was directly analyzed in a one-step RT-PCR reaction in which reverse transcription and amplification were combined in one tube. The PCR assay of vector stocks was quantitative and linear over four orders of magnitude. There was a close correlation between the biologically determined titer and the RT-PCR method. We have found that there was no significant difference of CT value when genome RNA isolated from the viral preparations was used as a template instead of viral stock itself. However, DNase I treatment step was included for the virus produced in transiently transfected cells to remove plasmid DNA contamination. In order to quantitate the amount of viral genome presented as a CT value, we designed RNA standard. They allow us to estimate and compare viral titer in an objective way. In conclusion, this technology has proved to be applicable to all retroviral vector-based strategies for gene therapy. This methodology can be useful for screening procedure of large samples in the absence of marker genes, especially.
665 MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME (MODS), RATHER THAN THE NEED FOR RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY PER SE, DICTATES POOR PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS ADMITTED TO ICU
Authors: R.D. Abeles, D.L. Shawcross, M. McPhail, M. Austin, A. Yeoman, N.J. Taylor, A.J. Portal, G. Auzinger, C. Willars, W. Bernal, J.A. Wendon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Towards an HIV cure: a global scientific strategy
Authors: Steven G Deeks, Brigitte Autran, Ben Berkhout, Monsef Benkirane, Scott Cairns, Nicolas Chomont, Tae Wook Chun, Melissa Churchill, Michele Di Mascio, Christine Katlama, Alain Lafeuillade, Alan Landay, Michael M Lederman, Sharon R Lewin, Frank Maldarelli, David M Margolis, Martin M Markowitz, Javier Martinez-Picado, James Mullins, John W Mellors, Santiago Moreno, Una M O'Doherty, Sarah Palmer, Marie Capucine Penicaud, Matija B Peterlin, Guido Poli, Jean Pierre Routy, Christine Rouzioux, Guido Silvestri, Mario Stevenson, Amalio Telenti, Carine Van Lint, Eric Verdin, Anne Woolfrey, John A Zaia, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi
Journal: Nature reviews. Immunology (2012)
Efficacy and Safety of Chitosan Coated Garments on Atopic Dermatitis Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cristina Lopes, Jose Soares, Freni Tavaria, Milton Severo, Ana Duarte, Osvaldo Correia, Manuela Pintado, Luis Delgado, Andre M. Moreira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Standards for Hospital Infection Control
Authors: THEODORE C. EICKHOFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The American Hospital Association and the Center for Disease Control, together with other national bodies, have made major efforts in the past 20 years in calling attention to problems of nosocomial infection in U.S. hospitals. Current requirements of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals reflect their efforts but further reflect a profound lack of acceptable data from which rational priorities in hospital infection control might be deduced. Accreditation requirements should be limited to procedures whose effectiveness in either clearly documented or strongly suggested by available data. Research and educational goals in hospital epidemiology must be identified and met in order to provide a scientific basis for hospital infection control procedures.
Physician's duty to testify
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Use of 2-Deoxy-d-glucose for Genital Herpes-Reply
Authors: Herbert A. Blough
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Regarding the comments by Corey and Holmes, ours was a formal randomization schedule compatible with a double-blind study. We disagree with the concept that stratification by serological tests "must be done in patients with primary genital herpes"; in fact, a recent article from their own group<sup>1</sup>confirms the results of our studies, that serological data offered little to the diagnostic regimen. The main concern of the Corey and Holmes group is the inordinate duration of lesions and virus shedding compared with their own studies; we do not believe that their observations involving 13 patients treated with the nonionic surfactant Nonoxynol-9 bear any relationship to our study. The vehicles we use do not contain it, and the mode of action of surfactants may not be similar. While it is possible that surfactants have a role in virus shedding, the numbers in both studies are too small to evaluate this.
Delayed rupture of the spleen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J L Taylor, M D Middleton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

When tripping and falling patients with rheumatoid arthritis may adopt the 'fetal tuck' position to protect their painful deformed hands. There is then a risk of splenic injury by the left elbow, which may not be immediately apparent.
Defect of multidrug-resistance 3 gene expression in a subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: J Deleuze, E Jacquemin, C Dubuisson, D Cresteil, M Dumont, S Erlinger, O Bernard, M Hadchouel
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Disruption of the murine mdr 2 (multidrug-resistance) gene, which encodes a phosphatidylcholine flippase, leads to a hepatic disorder because of loss of biliary phospholipid secretion. Among the hereditary human cholestasis, a subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis with high gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) serum activity shares histological, biochemical, and genetic features with mice lacking mdr 2 gene expression ( mdr 2 -/- mice). No mdr 3 (human mdr 2 homolog) messenger RNA (mRNA) was detected by Northern blotting in the liver of a patient suffering from this form of PFIC, and the biliary phospholipid level in a second patient was substantially decreased. Thus, the absence of the mdr 3 P-glycoprotein may be responsible for this type of PFIC, which, as in the murine model, may be due to a toxic effect of bile acids on the biliary epithelium in absence of biliary phospholipids.
Extrapituitary Actions of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone*
Authors: AARON J. W. HSUEH, PHILLIP B. C. JONES
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1981)

Harris (1) first proposed that the anterior pituitary gland is controlled by hypothalamic releasing factors. After the subsequent purification and sequencing of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (2, 3) and the synthesis of potent GnRH agonists and antagonists (4, 5), many laboratories have investigated the effects of these peptides on various reproductive functions. In both males and females, administration of GnRH or its potent agonists results in sustained increases in serum gonadotropins. In women, administration of GnRH causes preovulatory-like surges of gonadotropins (6, 7). In several animal species, a single injection of GnRH induces preovulatory- like surges of LH that trigger ovulation (8–11). Since pituitary gonadotropins are essential for normal gonadal functions and hypothalamic GnRH was believed to act solely on the pituitary gland, treatment with high doses of GnRH and its agonists had been predicted to be a potential means for enhancing fertility. Paradoxically, long term administration of pharmacological doses of GnRH or potent GnRH agonists was shown to decrease a variety of female and male reproductive functions (Table 1).
Predictive Value of Elevated D-dimer in Patients Undergoing Primary Angioplasty for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Özgür Akgül, Hüseyin Uyarel, Hamdi Püşüroğlu, Mehmet Gül, Nilgün Işıksaçan, Selahattin Türen, Mehmet Ertürk, Özgür Sürgit, Mustafa Çetin, Ümit Bulut, Ömer Faruk Baycan, Nevzat Uslu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Shoulder Pain and Occult Disease of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Thomas W. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Immobility of an upper limb, the most common cause of periarthritis of the shoulder, is especially likely to occur in association with spasticity or rigidity. A typical cause is the spastic hemiparesis ensuing from cerebral infarction. It is well known that shoulder pain often occurs with cervical root compression from spinal degenerative arthropathy or spinal tumor. Shoulder pain also may be the first warning of cerebral disease, an association that does not seem to be widely recognized. Pain in the shoulder warrants the clinician's concentration on the neurologic findings not only in regard to the radicular signs, but also the evaluation of cerebral function. In six patients with Parkinson's disease, three with cerebral tumors, and three with progressive focal encephalopathy presumed to be arteriosclerotic, shoulder pain was the sole presenting complaint. The common finding in the painful limb was hypertonicity of either clasp-knife spasticity or plastic rigidity
Relationships with the drug industry: Build trust based on good science
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The relationship between the drug industry, academia, healthcare professionals, and patients has reached an all time low and few doubt that it is in the interests of all parties to improve it. A recent report from the Royal College of Physicians attempts to define a path towards achieving a more productive relationship. Here we set out five contrasting views on what the ideal relationship between industry and  prescribers and patients should be and what steps need to be taken to achieve it (doi:10.1136/bmj.b222, doi:10.1136/bmj.b211, doi:10.1136/bmj.b252, doi:10.1136/bmj.b232)
Personal health budgets may be spent on "laptops and travel passes"
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Personal health budgets will give people more control over their care needs, but there should not be an “open ended system of entitlement,” says a senior health official.

Andrew Sanderson, deputy head of the NHS Commissioning Unit, said that once the initiative was rolled out across England there would have to be a way to manage demand.

“It will be important to hold to the principle of people managing cash limited budgets,” he said.

Mr Sanderson was speaking at a Westminster Health Forum seminar on the implementation of personal health budgets, held in London on 15 March.

Early findings from pilot schemes, he said, showed that budget users …
Does metabolic bone disease follow truncal vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy?
Authors: A D Irving, G Smith, G R Catto
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Dans une serie de 69 malades ayant subi une vagotomie avec gastrojejunostomie pour ulcere, suivis pendant 11 ans, aucun cas d'osteomalacie ou d'osteoporose n'est trouve
An Ethical Dilemma: Commentary: Treatment was not unethical
Authors: D. Griffith, A. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Some features in this report are puzzling and disconcerting, but there are also grounds for reassurance for both patients and clinicians. The problem described is one which, in general terms, will be familiar to many doctors. Accepting that there are occasions when all measures short of drug administration may fail, is it permissible to administer such drugs against the patient's will, and if so should they be given by force or is deceit sometimes an allowable and preferable alternative?

For mentally competent patients it is clear that in common law no treatment can be given without valid consent. However under part IV …
Nonimmediate reactions to systemic corticosteroids suggest an immunological mechanism
Authors: A. Padial, S. Posadas, J. Alvarez, M.‐J. Torres, J. A. Alvarez, C. Mayorga, M. Blanca
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Administration of corticosteroids (CS) by different routes may cause varying types of allergic reactions, thereby hampering their further use in affected patients. In order to verify an immunological involvement we evaluated a group of patients with symptoms compatible with nonimmediate allergic reactions to CS. Methods: Studies included patch and intradermal tests, immunohistochemical studies and controlled administration to reproduce the response. The cytokines interleukin (IL)‐4, interferon (IFN)‐ γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐ α were quantified in peripheral blood during the response. Results: Of 32 subjects evaluated presenting nonimmediate urticaria or exanthema, 21 were finally considered positive after re‐exposure. The drugs most frequently involved were betamethasone and dexamethasone. Fewer than half the patients responded to prednisolone whilst some responded to three or more CS. Hydrocortisone and deflazacort were well tolerated by all the patients. Subjects with a positive intradermal or patch test had a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate with the presence of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes positive for CD45RO+ (memory) and CD69 (activation marker) cells. Monitoring peripheral blood during the acute response showed expression of IFN‐ γ and TNF‐ α , with downregulation of IL‐4. Conclusion: Adverse systemic responses to different CS are suggestive of a nonimmediate reaction. The symptoms elicited together with the immunlogical studies suggest a T‐cell mediated response. The response to closely related CS was especially marked between betamethasone and dexamethasone, whereas hydrocortisone and deflazacort were well tolerated.
Airways inflammation in subjects with chronic bronchitis who have never smoked.
Authors: M Lusuardi, A Capelli, C G Cerutti, E L Spada, C F Donner
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--Smoking is the single most common cause of chronic bronchitis but the disease can also occur in non-smokers. Alterations in the lung responsible for the disease, such as oxidant/antioxidant and protease/antiprotease imbalance, have been investigated in smokers. The aim of our study was to evaluate local cellular and soluble factors (albumin, immunoglobulins, proteases, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and transferrin) that may be involved in the development of chronic bronchitis in subjects who have never smoked. METHODS--Sixteen clinically stable patients with chronic bronchitis who had never been smokers were studied and 17 healthy non-smokers served as controls. All subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Total and differential cell counts and concentrations of the main proteins (albumin, immunoglobulins, complement fractions, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and transferrin) were measured. Elastase-like activity was assessed in cells and supernatants. To estimate the oxidant burden the release of superoxide anion (O2-) from native cell populations was evaluated. RESULTS--Recovery of BAL fluid was reduced in older individuals in both the chronic bronchitis and control groups. There was no difference in total cell count, but neutrophil percentage count was higher in those with chronic bronchitis (median (range) 3.5 (1.6-14.2)) than in controls (1.3 (0.5-3.7)). These differences were most pronounced in the first recovery, representative of the bronchial lavage. There was no difference in bronchial epithelial cells. Total proteins and albumin levels were comparable and IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, transferrin and alpha 1-antitrypsin values standardised to albumin did not show any significant differences. No differences in elastase-like levels in supernatants were detected. In cell lysates elastase-like activity x 10(7) cells (macrophages+neutrophils) was increased in patients with chronic bronchitis (0.25 (0.06-4.3) compared with controls 0.08 (0.03-0.9) micrograms PPEeq). The release of O2- both at baseline and after opsonised zymosan phagocytosis did not show any differences. Correlation analysis between FEV1 and BAL fluid data showed a negative correlation only with neutrophils/ml. CONCLUSIONS--Clinically stable non-smokers with chronic bronchitis show no alterations of local immune components, oxidant burden, and free elastase-like activity in BAL fluids, while the content of elastase-like activity in phagocytic cells is increased. As in smokers, bronchial neutrophilia is the most significant cellular modification which correlates with the degree of airflow obstruction.
Long-term value of endoscopic dilatation for Crohn's strictures
Authors: W. A. Koltun
Journal: Gut (2010)

In this issue of Gut , Thienpont and colleagues1 (see page 320) present one of the largest reported studies to date with the longest follow-up, evaluating the technique of endoscopic balloon dilatation of symptomatic Crohn's disease strictures. The authors should be commended for, first, technically refining this endoscopic technique which is increasingly being used in patients with Crohn's disease and, second, providing this very relevant longer term data that allows an assessment of its safety and success. Without a doubt, balloon dilatation of Crohn's disease strictures is becoming another valuable tool in the armamentarium of the clinician caring for the patient with Crohn's disease.

The authors report on 138 patients undergoing 237 dilatations with a mean 5.8-year follow-up. Forty-four per cent of patients required no further therapy during the follow-up period, but 46% required further dilatation and 24% required surgery. The serious complication rate based on patients treated was 12/138 or …
Race and ethnicity in decisions about unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donation
Authors: Galen E. Switzer, Jessica G. Bruce, Larissa Myaskovsky, Andrea DiMartini, Diana Shellmer, Dennis L. Confer, Linda K. Abress, Roberta J. King, Allyson G. Harnaha, Sibylle Ohngemach, Mary Amanda Dew
Journal: Blood (2012)
Rather difficult calculations
Authors: P. J. Park
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Eighty-nine consecutive patients attending for day-case colonoscopy were randomly allocated either polyethylene glycol/balanced electrolyte (PEG) mixture (n = 45) or a mannitol/Picolax mixture (n = 44). Both preparations were administered in two fractions. Patients recorded their experience of the preparation on a questionnaire and one of two experienced endoscopists (unaware of the type of preparation given) assessed the result of bowel cleansing. Carbon dioxide insufflation was used for all examinations. Good/excellent bowel cleansing occurred in significantly more patients given PEG, 43 (96%), than those allocated mannitol/Picolax, 34 (77%), p = 0.01. More patients receiving mannitol/Picolax were able to complete the preparation in full than patients receiving PEG (38 vs 27, p = 0.01). More patients found the taste of mannitol/Picolax pleasant compared to PEG (46% vs 20%). Both preparations had a similar side-effect profile. Of those patients tested, 13% receiving mannitol/Picolax had a postural drop in blood pressure and blood parameters suggestive of mild dehydration. A fractionated administration of PEG as a bowel preparation for day-case colonoscopy is well tolerated and superior as a cleansing agent to a mannitol/Picolax combination. Provided carbon dioxide is used as the insufflating agent, mannitol/Picolax is an acceptable alternative in fit, young patients intolerant of PEG.