tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidental Discovery of a Large Duplication Cyst During Meckel??s Scintigraphy
Authors: RAFAEL VAZQUEZ, ELIZABETH OATES, ROBERT C. SARNO, EVA STATZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A clinically unsuspected foregut duplication cyst of pancreatic origin presented as a large, well–defined photopenic mass during Meckel's scintigraphy.
Three early staging systems
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Dukes' initial staging system for rectal cancer is described in his paper (<i>J Pathol Bacteriol</i>1932; 35:323-332). Later, Dukes divided his original stage C (lymph node involvement) into two parts, Cl and C2 (<i>Br J Surg</i>1935;23:395-413). Subsequently, R. S. Grinnell, MD (<i>Ann Surg</i>1939;109:500-533) demonstrated that Dukes' system could also be applied to colon cancer. Thus, the Dukes staging system is as follows: Stage A: Carcinoma limited to the wall of the rectum or colon; no extension beyond the wall; no lymph node involvement. Stage B: Carcinoma extending to extrarectal tissues or beyond the wall of the colon by direct continuity; negative lymph nodes. Stage Cl: Only regional lymph nodes involved or lymph nodes below the high point of the resection of the mesenteric blood vessels. Stage C2: Lymph nodes involved at the high point of the resection of the mesenteric blood vessels. In 1949, J. W. Kirklin, MD,
EXPERIMENTS ON ANAPHYLAXIS TO AZOPROTEINS
Authors: K. Landsteiner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

From the experiments which have been reported, it follows that animals sensitized with one azoprotein react not only to the antigen used for the sensitization, but also to other azoproteins made up from the same simple azo-compounds and another protein. Although the specificity of the reaction has not yet been tested with various azo-components, its actual existence can reasonably be assumed on the basis of the phenomena observed in precipitation reactions. The sensitization is brought about with less facility than sensitization against the usual antigens and the effects are not uniform. Still, after sufficient treatment, 40 per cent of the animals succumbed with typical anaphylactic symptoms, mostly within a short time while 16 per cent showed severe symptoms. The experiments show that it is possible to make animals hypersensitive against a simple chemical group like para-arsanilic acid, and from this point of view connection would seem to be established with the phenomena of drug allergy in human beings. There is an essential difference, however, in that the sensitized animals did not react on injections of simple compounds such as para-amino-phenyl-arsanilic acid and phenyl-4-arsonic-acid-azo-tyrosine uncombined with protein. It remains to be determined whether under changed conditions positive results in this direction can be obtained. For this purpose it seems advisable to make experiments with isolated organs, according to the method of Schultz and Dale. While the simple substances failed to elicit direct reactions, they protected (as was foreseen by Doerr) against a subsequent injection of the active antigen. Similar compounds not containing the arsanilic acid group were considerably less active. The phenomenon is comparable to the inhibition of precipitin reactions already described. Considering the protection as a condition of antianaphylaxis, one would suppose that the simple substances mentioned are fixed by the cells in which the anaphylactic reaction takes place. It may be concluded that: 1. Animals can be sensitized through injections of one azoprotein-protein combined with diazotized para-arsanilic acid-against another compound containing the same azo-component but a different protein. 2. Injections of related simple compounds, as for instance para-arsanilic acid and phenyl-4-arsonic-acid-azo-tyrosine did not cause shock in the sensitized animals under the conditions of the present experiments. 3. The simple compounds mentioned and other related substances as well protect against the anaphylactic action of azoprotein, by inducing a state of antianaphylaxis.
Cushing's Disease
Authors: Burton C. Dyson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE interrelations of several uncommon diseases in an individual patient may be obscure and speculative when considered in the isolated case. When others recall and report similar cases significant associations may be noted, and useful generalizations drawn. In this presentation of the first published report of carcinoma of the thyroid gland in a patient with Cushing's disease complicated by systemic cryptococcosis, it is hoped that others may be stimulated to report similar cases.Case ReportA 19-year-old woman (U.H. A19949) was first seen as an outpatient for diagnostic studies in November, 1956, when she complained of pain deep in the . . .
Letter: Prophylactic chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Authors: J Marchant
Journal: BMJ (1976)

dissented from the view that the possibility" of a direct relationship between multiple exposure to halothane and postoperative liver damage existed.They asked why the committee had not sought "expert opinion," presumably from anaesthetists, before publishing their circular letter.It is apparent that the two groups who were working contemporaneously have now come to the same conclusion.As a general practitioner who is also a very part-time worker for the CSM I hope I am not out of order in expressing the view that it is a pity that some degree of effective communication, co-operation, and co-ordination between the two groups was not effected at an early stage and the hope that a lesson has been learnt for the future.
Association study between keratinocyte-derived growth factor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to vitiligo vulgaris in a Taiwanese population: potential involvement of stem cell factor
Authors: C-C.E. Lan, Y-C. Ko, H-P. Tu, C-S. Wu, C-H. Lee, C-S. Wu, H-S. Yu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Vitiligo vulgaris is a depigmentary disorder resulting from the disappearance of functional melanocytes. Currently, the pathogenesis of this disorder remains obscure. Objectives Genetic analysis of patients with vitilgo may provide important clues for elucidating the complex pathomechanisms involved in the disease process. Because dysfunctional keratinocytes have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo vulgaris, we conducted a case–control association study to investigate this phenomenon. Patients and methods Fifty-one patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 118 healthy controls from Taiwan were recruited to investigate the association between relevant keratinocyte-related genes and the occurrence of vitiligo vulgaris. This study genotyped 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five genes including stem cell factor (SCF, also known as KITLG), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, also known as NuDT6), endothelin-1 (EDN1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and stem cell growth factor (SCGF, also known as CLEC11A). Results Our results revealed that the A allele for SNP rs11104947 in the SCF gene and the T allele for SNP rs13866 in the SCGF gene were, respectively, associated with a 1·95- and a 2·14-fold risk of developing vitiligo vulgaris. A higher risk was also detected among subjects who carried the SCF rs995029/rs11104947 C/A haplotype (odds ratio = 2·45). Furthermore, the at-risk alleles for SCF rs11104947 (A allele) and for SCGF SNP rs13866 (T allele) were found to display a 7·92-fold increased gene–gene combined risk. No significant relationship between polymorphic frequency for genes bFGF, EDN1 as well as HGF and occurrence of vitiligo vulgaris was observed. Conclusions These novel genetic findings provide new insights in relation to the mechanisms that might be involved in the development of vitiligo vulgaris.
Maternal and newborn vitamin D status and its impact on food allergy development in the German LINA cohort study
Authors: K. Weisse, S. Winkler, F. Hirche, G. Herberth, D. Hinz, M. Bauer, S. Röder, U. Rolle‐Kampczyk, M. von Bergen, S. Olek, U. Sack, T. Richter, U. Diez, M. Borte, G. I. Stangl, I. Lehmann
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Vitamin D levels are known to be associated with atopic disease development; however, existing data are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether corresponding maternal and cord blood vitamin D levels are associated with atopic outcomes in early infancy. Methods Within the LINA cohort study (Lifestyle and environmental factors and their Influence on Newborns Allergy risk), 25( OH ) D was measured in blood samples of 378 mother–child pairs during pregnancy and at birth. Information about children's atopic manifestations during the first 2 years of life was obtained from questionnaires filled out by the parents during pregnancy and annually thereafter. Cord blood regulatory T cells (Treg) were detected by methylation‐specific PCR using a Treg‐specific demethylated region in the FOXP 3 gene. Results The median maternal 25( OH )D 3 level was 22.19 ng/ml ( IQR 14.40–31.19 ng/ml); the median cord blood 25( OH ) D 3 10.95 ng/ml (6.99–17.39 ng/ml). A high correlation was seen between maternal and cord blood 25( OH ) D 3 levels, both showing a seasonal distribution. Maternal and cord blood 25( OH ) D 3 was positively associated with children's risk for food allergy within the first 2 years. Further, higher maternal 25( OH ) D 3 resulted in a higher risk for sensitization against food allergens at the age of two. Cord blood 25( OH ) D 3 levels were negatively correlated with regulatory T cell numbers. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that high vitamin D levels in pregnancy and at birth may contribute to a higher risk for food allergy and therefore argues against vitamin D supplement to protect against allergy.
Myocardial Toxic Effects During Recombinant Interleukin-2 Therapy
Authors: R. Nora, J. S. Abrams, N. S. Tait, D. J. Hiponia, H. J. Silverman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Myocardial Toxic Effects During Recombinant Interleukin-2 Therapy Get access Richard Nora, Richard Nora Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Medical SystemBaltimore, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jeffrey S. Abrams, Jeffrey S. Abrams * Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Medical SystemBaltimore, MD *Correspondence to: Dr. Jeffrey S. Abrams, University of Maryland Cancer Center, 22 South Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nancy S. Tait, Nancy S. Tait Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Medical SystemBaltimore, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Deborah J. Hiponia, Deborah J. Hiponia Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Medical SystemBaltimore, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Henry J. Silverman Henry J. Silverman Pulmonary Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Medical SystemBaltimore, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 1, January 1989, Pages 59–63, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.1.59 Published: 01 January 1989 Article history Received: 19 August 1988 Revision received: 27 October 1988 Accepted: 27 October 1988 Published: 01 January 1989
Mitral valve replacement with and without chordal preservation in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation. Mechanisms for differences in postoperative ejection performance.
Authors: J D Rozich, B A Carabello, B W Usher, J M Kratz, A E Bell, M R Zile
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Standard mitral valve replacement (MVR) in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation consistently results in a decrease in postoperative left ventricular (LV) ejection performance. This fall in ejection performance has been attributed, at least in part, to unfavorable loading conditions imposed by the elimination of the low-impedance pathway for LV emptying into the left atrium. In contrast to standard MVR in which the chordae tendineae are severed, however, MVR with chordal preservation (MVR-CP) does not usually decrease LV ejection performance despite similar removal of the low-impedance pathway. The purpose of the present study was to define the mechanisms responsible for this discordance in postoperative ejection performance between MVR with and without chordal preservation. METHODS AND RESULTS Echocardiography and sphygmomanometer blood pressures were obtained in 15 patients with pure chronic mitral regurgitation before and 7-10 days after mitral valve surgery. These measurements were used to calculate ventricular volume, wall stress, and ejection fraction. Seven patients underwent MVR with chordal transection (MVR-CT), and eight patients underwent MVR-CP. MVR-CT resulted in no postoperative change in LV end-diastolic volume, a significant increase in LV end-systolic volume, a significant increase in end-systolic stress, from 89 +/- 9 to 111 +/- 12 g/cm2 (p &lt; 0.05), and a significant decrease in ejection fraction, from 0.60 +/- 0.02 to 36 +/- 0.02 (p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, patients who underwent MVR-CP had a significant decrease in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes. End-systolic wall stress actually fell from 95 +/- 6 to 66 +/- 6 g/cm2 (p &lt; 0.05), and ejection fraction was unchanged (0.63 +/- 0.01 before and 0.61 +/- 0.02 after mitral valve surgery) instead of reduced. CONCLUSIONS MVR-CT resulted in a decrease in ejection performance caused in part by an increase in end-systolic stress, which in turn increased end-systolic volume. Conversely, MVR-CP resulted in a smaller LV size, allowing a reduced end-systolic stress and preservation of ejection performance despite closure of the low-impedance left atrial ejection pathway.
11q23 Aberration is an additional chromosomal change in de novo acute leukemia after treatment with etoposide and mitoxantrone
Authors: Atsushi Ohshima, Ikuo Miura, Akihiko Chubachi, Keiko Hashimoto, Takashi Nimura, Seiko Utsumi, Naoto Takahashi, Yasuhide Hayashi, Masao Seto, Ryuzo Ueda, Akira B. Miura
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

We report on 2 patients with acute leukemia who had an 11q23 chromosomal aberration as an additional change after treatment with etoposide and mitoxantrone, agents that affect topoisomerase II (Topo II). One patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L2) received chemotherapy, including 1,000 mg of etoposide and 75 mg of mitoxantrone. She relapsed 10 months later. Analysis at time of relapse showed a chromosomal aberration of del(11)(q23) as an additional cytogenetic change. The other patient was diagnosed with acute monoblastic leukemia (M5a) and received two autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantations. Her cumulative doses of etoposide and mitoxantrone were 6,000 mg and 42 mg, respectively. She also relapsed, and analysis at that time revealed del(11)(q23) as an additional chromosomal aberration. The mixed lineage leukemia/(myeloid-lymphoid leukemia (MLL) gene was not rearranged in either case, making these cases distinct from previously described therapy-related leukemias caused by Topo II Inhibitors. Based on these two cases, it may be that Topo II inhibitors can cause clonal evolution affecting chromosome band 11q23. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Polyclinics are not the answer for NHS in London, says BMA
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Proposals by the health minister Ara Darzi to set up polyclinics in London to bring health services closer to patients threaten to fragment existing community services, which have a track record of delivering high quality care, says the BMA.

In a response to Lord Darzi's recent review of health care in London the BMA warns that the proposed plans may not produce the predicted savings or improvements in the care of patients that the government envisages ( BMJ 2007;335:61 doi: 10.1136/bmj.39273.467697.DB).

“We concede that health care in London is not perfect, but we have several problems with Ara …
SUGGESTIONS ON THE DIETETIC TREATMENT OF GOUT.
Authors: DANIEL R. BROWER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The great Fothergill and Garrod taught us that uric acid was the causative factor in gout; that it was formed by the metabolism of nitrogenous waste; that it represents a lower degree of oxidation than urea; that uric acid and its salts, being insoluble, are much less easily eliminated, and hence they accumulate in the system; that it is in the liver the splitting up of peptones into glycogen and waste, azotized substance takes place, and its insufficiency causes the diminished oxidation that produces uric acid instead of urea. Haig, in his masterly treatise on uric acid, accepts this theory. This tracing of gout to an excess of nitrogenous ingesta results in the exclusion of this important group of alimentary principles from this class of patients. This origin of uric acid, as the exclusive one, can not be maintained today, for we know that much, if not all, of this
A self frozen in time and space: Catatonia as a kinesthetic analog to mirrored self-misidentification
Authors: Steven M. Platek, Gordon G. Gallup
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Aspects of Northoff's argument lend themselves to the ongoing investigation of localizing the self in the brain. Recent data from the fields of neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience provide evidence that the right hemisphere is a candidate for localization of self. The data on catatonia further that proposition and add insight into the continuing investigation of self in the brain across sensory and motor domains.
PegIFNα/ribavirin/protease inhibitor combination in severe hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis
Authors: David Saadoun, Matthieu Resche Rigon, Stanislas Pol, Vincent Thibault, François Blanc, Gilles Pialoux, Alexandre Karras, Dorothée Bazin-Kara, Cécile Cazorla, Daniel Vittecoq, Lucile Musset, Julie Peltier, Olivier Decaux, Jean-Marc Ziza, Olivier Lambotte, Patrice Cacoub
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Who Shall Study Medicine?
Authors: Paul R. Wilner
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> "Who Shall Study Medicine in the 1980s?" could be entitled "Who Shall Study Medicine?" for obvious reasons. It matters not whether one's premedical major is in the arts or sciences if they have worldly intellectual curiosity and have complied with the necessary requirements for medical school. The MCATs and college grades (knowing the grade inflation record of the college) are but a guide. Marks do not make a physician. However, medium-range or lower MCAT scores indicate that a student may have academic difficulty in medical school. Such students should repeat a year in their weak areas and retake their MCATs, then reapply. The interview, preferably by a preclinical and a clinical (preferably part-time) faculty member, conducted in a relaxed private session for each can help determine, among other facts, motivation, people orientation, service dedication, culture, knowledge of what it takes to be a practicing physician, sense of
Long-term clinical follow-up in patients with angiographic restudy after successful angioplasty.
Authors: W S Weintraub, Z M Ghazzal, J S Douglas, H A Liberman, D C Morris, C L Cohen, S B King
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Restenosis remains a critical limitation after coronary angioplasty. There is little information comparing long-term prognosis in patients who suffer from restenosis and others who do not. The purpose of this paper is to determine the clinical events in patients with restenosis or continued patency documented by restudy coronary arteriography. METHODS AND RESULTS The source of data was the clinical data base at Emory University. Patients who had previous coronary surgery and patients who underwent angioplasty in the setting of acute myocardial infarction were excluded. A total of 3,363 patients undergoing angiographic restudy 4 months to 1 year after angioplasty were compared with 3,858 not undergoing restudy. In the restudy population, 1,570 had restenosis and 1,793 had patent arteries at all sites dilated. The restenosis patients were older and had more hypertension, more diabetes, more severe angina, more multivessel coronary artery disease, more severe stenoses, and less satisfactory original results. At restudy, in patients without restenosis, 38.7% had angina versus 70.7% in patients with restenosis (p &lt; 0.0001). There were few deaths in the first 6 months. At 6 years, the survival rate was 0.95 without restenosis and 0.93 with restenosis (p = 0.16). At 6 months and 6 years, freedom from myocardial infarction was 0.97 and 0.88 without restenosis and 0.93 and 0.85 with restenosis (p = 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, restenosis was an independent correlate of myocardial infarction but not mortality. At 6 months and 6 years, freedom from coronary bypass surgery was 0.99 and 0.94 without restenosis and 0.91 and 0.78 with restenosis (p &lt; 0.0001). At 6 months and 6 years, freedom from repeat angioplasty was 0.96 and 0.76 without restenosis and 0.44 and 0.20 with restenosis (p = 0.0001). The highest event rates were noted in the patients with restenosis with recurrent chest pain. Patients not undergoing restudy differed somewhat from the study group, and there were far fewer repeat revascularization procedures in the group not undergoing restudy. CONCLUSIONS Patients with restenosis are more likely to have recurrent angina pectoris. Although there is no or little difference in survival, there is a difference in myocardial infarction rate in the patients with and without restenosis. The low myocardial infarction and death rates in the group suffering restenosis may be related to repeat revascularization in these patients; the principal events in the restenosis population are frequent repeat revascularization procedures.
XXII. Medical Practice: Making a Living
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Only in very recent times have physicians as a class enjoyed a highly favored economic status. Formerly medicine had been a poorly paid profession. In the very largest cities a handful of doctors might be accounted wealthy but the vast majority had to struggle to make a barely comfortable living. "Too many doctors" had been the prevalent explanation, too many practitioners trying to earn a living by ministering to the sick. There was too much competition seeking to attract the paying patient. In the 19th century the American Medical Association, trying to advance the interests of the regular physicians, had waged a campaign against the cultists and irregular practitioners, many of whom were financially quite successful. The battle, however, progressed slowly and the gains were more than offset by the increasing numbers of regular physicians, most of them poorly educated, who entered practice. For the AMA educational reform was thus