tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rotating Work Schedules Give New Meanings to Familiar 'Early to Bed, Early to Rise'
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

IF SLEEP RESEARCHERS had their way, chronohygiene would take its place alongside shaving, showering, and brushing one's teeth in the daily routines of personal care. The term was coined by Charles Ehret, PhD, in the course of educating shift workers on how to adjust their bodies (and spirits) to the demands of rotating work schedules or graveyard shifts in the wee hours of the morning. Ehret is president of General Chronobionics, based in Hinsdale, Ill.  Chronobiologists, as specialists on circadian rhythms have come to be known, think that some rotating schedules are better than others; these are the ones where the work schedule changes at one-week or longer intervals and advances clockwise (morning, afternoon, night). But with a schedule like this, persons still need to adjust, within a day or two, to the changeover. While such adjustments are not easy, there are steps persons can take to make them more
Chlorprothixene and obstructive jaundice.
Authors: D G Ruddock, J Hoenig
Journal: BMJ (1973)

NO 5 00 I -ICE 0.4-0.8 0.8-1.6 1.6-3.1 3.1-6.26.2-12.512.5-25 25-50 50-00 >100 MI.C. methicillin (pg/ml) FIG.2-Correlation of zone size (less diameter of disc) with M.I.C. methicillin determined after 18 hours incubation at 30'C.are usually regarded as sensitive.The rapid sensitivity test reliably distinguishes between these and methicillin-resistant staphylococci.-We are, etc.,
Meniscectomy in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis and a Meniscal Tear?
Authors: Rachelle Buchbinder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Overall, knee osteoarthritis may affect more than 250 million people and is a leading contributor to disability worldwide.1 Persuasive evidence from randomized, controlled trials indicates that arthroscopic débridement, lavage, or both are no more effective than sham surgery and nonoperative alternatives for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.2,3 Nevertheless, arthroscopic surgery is often still performed. A common justification for arthroscopic surgery is the presence of symptoms due to mechanical factors. These symptoms, such as locking or clicking or acute pain localized to one joint, are generally regarded as arising from a torn meniscus. However, asymptomatic meniscal tears are highly prevalent among people . . .
NEED FOR MICROSCOPES
Authors: Eugene R. Kellersberger
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> May I take this means of calling the attention of your readers to a great need in the leprosy field that could be generously met by a simple and inexpensive kindness on their part? Successful treatments with the use of sulfone drugs are rapidly changing the once hideous face of this historic disease, but the careful administration of the sulfones requires clinical laboratory work such as has never before been necessary in many of the 157 leprosy treatment stations that American Leprosy Missions, Inc., aids throughout the world. Missionary doctors and nurses are suddenly calling upon us for microscopes. New ones, with special attachments, are not necessary. Second-hand ones, if they are still suitable for clinical laboratory work, would be most welcome. Would your readers be so good as to take some of them down from closets, shelves, and storerooms where they are laid aside and send
Eccentric and concentric isokinetic moment characteristics in the quadriceps and hamstrings of the chronic isolated posterior cruciate ligament injured knee.
Authors: C L MacLean, J E Taunton, D B Clement, W Regan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Functional strength deficits associated with chronic isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) insufficiency have received limited attention in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the eccentric and concentric isokinetic moment characteristics of the quadriceps and hamstrings in a sample of patients with isolated PCL injury. METHODS: Eccentric and concentric mean average and average peak moments were measured for 17 patients with a history of conservatively treated isolated PCL injury using an isokinetic dynamometer. Quadriceps and hamstring isokinetic moments were recorded from 10 degree to 90 degree of knee flexion. Strength ratios were calculated and compared with those reported in the literature for healthy subjects. RESULTS: The hamstrings of the involved side (eccentric/concentric (E/C) ratio = 1.06) were significantly weaker (p&lt;0.05) eccentrically than those of the contralateral side (E/C ratio = 1.29). All hamstrings/quadriceps (H/Q) ratios were less than the universally accepted value of 0.60 and the eccentric H/Q ratio for the injured extremity was significantly lower than the non-injured (p&lt;0.05). In a bilateral comparison, the injured/non-injured (I/N) ratio was less than 1.00 for concentric quadriceps, eccentric quadriceps, and hamstring isokinetic moments. Calculation of the E/C ratio showed that, for the quadriceps, it was 1.08 on the injured side and 1.07 on the non-injured extremity. CONCLUSIONS: Eccentric strengthening should be an integral part of functionally rehabilitating the quadriceps and hamstrings of athletes who suffer from the complications associated with chronic isolated PCL insufficiency.
Effect of Industry Sponsorship on the Results of Biomedical Research—Reply
Authors: Gerald B Lumer
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early Interstitial Lung Disease in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Ivan O. Rosas, Ping Ren, Nilo A. Avila, Catherine K. Chow, Teri J. Franks, William D. Travis, J. Philip McCoy, Rose M. May, Hai-Ping Wu, Dao M. Nguyen, Mauricio Arcos-Burgos, Sandra D. MacDonald, Bernadette R. Gochuico
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Identification of early, asymptomatic interstitial lung disease (ILD) in populations at risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may improve the understanding of the natural history of IPF.To determine clinical, radiographic, physiologic, and pathologic features of asymptomatic ILD in family members of patients with familial IPF.One hundred sixty-four subjects from 18 kindreds affected with familial IPF were evaluated for ILD. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Lung biopsies were performed in six subjects with asymptomatic ILD.High-resolution computed tomography abnormalities suggesting ILD were identified in 31 (22%) of 143 asymptomatic subjects. Subjects with asymptomatic ILD were significantly younger than subjects with known familial IPF (P < 0.001) and significantly older than related subjects without lung disease (P < 0.001). A history of smoking was identified in 45% of subjects with asymptomatic ILD and in 67% of subjects with familial IPF; these percentages were significantly higher than that of related subjects without lung disease (23%) (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). Percentages of activated CD4(+) lymphocytes were significantly higher in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells from subjects with asymptomatic ILD compared with related subjects without lung disease (P < 0.001). Lung biopsies performed in subjects with asymptomatic ILD revealed diverse histologic subtypes.Asymptomatic ILD in individuals at risk of developing familial IPF can be identified using high-resolution computed tomography scan of the chest, especially in those with a history of smoking. Lung biopsies from individuals in this cohort with early asymptomatic lung disease demonstrate various histologic subtypes of ILD.
Dynamics of bone turnover markers in patients with heart failure and following haemodynamic improvement through ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Christina Wu, Tomoko S. Kato, Katherine Pronschinske, Sylvia Qiu, Yoshifumi Naka, Hiroo Takayama, Ulrike Schulze‐Späte, Serge Cremers, Elizabeth Shane, Donna Mancini, P. Christian Schulze
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Neural transplantation and recovery of cognitive function
Authors: John D. Sinden, Helen Hodges, Jeffrey A. Gray
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Cognitive deficits were produced in rats by different methods of damaging the brain: chronic ingestion of alcohol, causing widespread damage to diffuse cholinergic and aminergic projection systems; lesions (by local injection of the excitotoxins, ibotenate, quisqualate, and AMPA) of the nuclei of origin of the forebrain cholinergic projection system (FCPS), which innervates the neocortex and hippocampal formation; transient cerebral ischaemia, producing focal damage especially in the CA1 pyramidal cells of the dorsal hippocampus; and lesions (by local injection of the neurotoxin, colchicine) of the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. Following chronic alcohol or lesions of the FCPS, transplants of cholinergically rich fetal brain tissue into the terminal areas (neocortex and/or hippocampus) restored performance almost to control levels, with a time course consistent with growth of the transplants and integration with host tissue; transplants of cholinergically poor fetal tissue (hippocampus) were without effect, as were transplants of cholinergically rich tissue into the region containing the nuclei of origin of the FCPS. Grafts of primary cells enriched in glia and cultured neuroblastoma cells into the terminal areas of the FCPS were equally effective, suggesting that there are multiple mechanisms by which neural transplants can restore cognitive function following diffuse cholinergic damage. In contrast, after ischaemia- or neurotoxin-induced damage to CA1 or dentate granule cells respectively, cholinergically rich fetal transplants into the damaged hippocampal formation were ineffective in restoring performance. After ischaemic damage, however, performance was restored by suspension grafts of CA1 cells but not by transplants containing CA3 pyramidal cells or granule cells; and after colchicine damage it was restored by solid grafts containing granule but not CA1 pyramidal cells. Furthermore, electrophysiological evidence has demonstrated functional, graft type-specific host-graft functional neuronal connectivity. Thus, restoration of cognitive function by neural transplants is possible after damage to either diffuse (cholinergic) or point-to-point (intrahippocampal) forebrain systems, but the transplant must be appropriate to the damage to be repaired. Because the different types of brain damage studied provide analogues of human alcoholic dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and heart attack, these results are encouraging with regard to the eventual application of neural transplant surgery to the treatment of cognitive deficits in humans.
GROWTH AND PERSISTENCE OF FILTERABLE VIRUSES IN A TRANSPLANTABLE RABBIT NEOPLASM
Authors: Thomas M. Rivers, Louise Pearce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

Virus III and vaccine virus multiply in a transplantable rabbit tumor of epithelial origin; are carried along with the tumor through an indefinite number of transplants; and despite an immunity developed by the rabbit host survive longer in the tumor than when injected into the testicles of normal rabbits.
NOBORI BIFURCATION STUDY
Authors: Gian Battista Danzi, Fina Mauri Ferre, Petr Kala, Marcus Wiemer, Farzin Fath-Ordoubadi, Rene Koning, Didier Carrie, William Wijns, Javier Goicolea Ruigomez, Nick West, Antonio Serra, Zoran Perisic, Nikola Jagic, Vladimir Miloradovic
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Reaction to Albumin
Authors: K. Paul
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Much has recently appeared in the medical literature about the expense of albumin therapy (1979;241:2527; 1980;243:121), its occasional adverse reactions, 1 and the few absolute indications for its use. 2-4 We wish to report a serious reaction to albumin with negative diagnostic results. Perhaps increased awareness of these reactions will lead to clarification of their mechanism.  Report of a Case.—  A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for acute lower abdominal pain and tenderness. She required surgery for intestinal obstruction secondary to acute diverticulitis. Three units of packed RBCs were uneventfully transfused during the immediate postoperative period.  Because of subsequent self-induced wound dehiscence with fecal contamination of the peritoneum, the patient became septic, could not take food by mouth, and became hypoalbuminemic. Within ten minutes after the infusion of 50 g of normal serum albumin, she experienced respiratory distress, a flushed face, and dramatically decreased responsiveness.
ETIOLOGIC FACTORS, OTHER THAN MYOPIA, IN THE PRODUCTION OF RETINAL DETACHMENT.
Authors: H. O. REIK
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Of all cases of retinal detachment, between 40 and 50 per cent. occur as the result of high degrees of myopia with the severe choroido-retinal changes that attend this refractive condition. In most of these cases the separation occurs spontaneously, but even in those in which it is the direct or immediate result of traumatism the eye has been previously prepared for this accident by the weakening of its tissues. In a study of the other 50 or 60 per cent, we are compelled to attribute their origin to quite a variety of causes. The first of these to consider, because of its frequency, is trauma. Whether the eye be myopic or hypermetropic, diseased or healthy, a wound and particularly one that penetrates the sclerotic and choroidal coats, may give rise to intraocular changes that result in disorganization and separation of the choroid and retina. A myopic eye, or one
The Role of Particle Geometry and Mechanics in the Biological Domain
Authors: James P. Best, Yan Yan, Frank Caruso
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2011)

Abstract Nanostructured particulate materials are expected to revolutionize diagnostics and the delivery of therapeutics for healthcare. To date, chemistry‐derived solutions have been the major focus in the design of materials to control interactions with biological systems. Only recently has control over a new set of physical parameters, including size, shape, and rigidity, been explored to optimize the biological response and the in vivo performance of nanoengineered delivery vectors. This Review highlights the methods used to manipulate the physical properties of particles and the relevance of these physical properties to cellular and circulatory interactions. Finally, the importance of future work to synergistically tailor both physical and chemical properties of particulate materials is discussed, with the aim of improving control over particle interactions in the biological domain.
Epilepsy Problem Solving in Clinical Practice
Authors: Nelson G. Richards
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes6 June 2000Epilepsy Problem Solving in Clinical PracticeNelson G. Richards, MDNelson G. Richards, MDMedical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. (Richards)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Schmidt D, Schachter SC, eds. 489 pages. London: Martin Dunitz; 2000. $49.95. ISBN 1853175048. Order phone 800-215-1000.Field of medicine: Neurology and primary care medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Primary care clinicians and teachers.Purpose: To discuss difficult clinical issues in the diagnosis and management of patients with epilepsy and similar disorders.Content: The book represents the work of 54 expert clinicians from nine countries. It is divided into two major sections. The first section covers differential diagnosis, age-related diagnostic issues, the role of diagnostic tests in clinical practice, identification of candidates for surgery, and diagnosis of associated behavioral attitudes. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. (Richards) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 11Page: 932KeywordsChartsDrug therapyEpilepsyEpileptic seizuresNeurologyPrimary care physiciansProblem solvingSoftware toolsSurgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunological studies of the placenta in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: D M Grennan, J N McCormick, D Wojtacha, M Carty, W Behan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

An immunological study was made of the placentae from 5 mothers with lupus erythematosus. 3 of the 5 mothers had anti-DNA antibodies in their sera at the time of delivery and in one of these anti-DNA antibodies were detected in the cord blood. This patient had active renal disease and serological evidence suggestive of circulating immune complexes in her blood at the time of delivery. Immunofluorescence studies showed granular deposition of immunoglobulin and C3 on the trophoblast basement membrane similar to that previously described on the glomerular basement membrane in systemic lupus erythematosus. Anti-DNA antibodies were eluted from the placenta in this case. We suggest that immune complex deposition on the trophoblast basement membrane in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus may play a part in the increased fetal mortality in this disease.
Lower Esophageal Ring
Authors: Raj K. Goyal, John J. Clancy, Howard M. Spiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

DESPITE all the data that have accumulated in the 15 years since the clinical recognition of a sharply defined, ringlike narrowing in the lower esophagus,1 , 2 there is still little agreement about its origin, nature and proper treatment. Part of the controversy arises from the fact that several different disorders have been grouped under the term "lower esophageal ring." For a long time a symptom-producing lower esophageal ring was not widely recognized, but in recent years many reports from all over the world have testified to its frequency.3 4 5 6 7 8 Because of the clinical importance of the lesion, it is the purpose of . . .
Treatment of "Dumping with Serotonin Antagonists
Authors: Lloyd P. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

RECENT STUDIES in our laboratories have shown that a circulating agent of intestinal origin may be responsible for initiating the early symptomatic phase of the postgastrectomy dumping syndrome. Since serotonin and related substances have pharmacologie actions compatible with the physiologic derangements seen in dumping, and are released from the upper small intestine in response to a hyperosmolar intraluminal stimulus, we believe that serotonin or a related agent may be of etiologic importance in the syndrome. Furthermore, with certain antiserotonin drugs, it is possible to prevent the experimental "dumping" syndrome in the dog as measured by plethysmography. The present report outlines our early experience with one of these agents, cyproheptadine (Periactin), in the treatment of postgastrectomy patients with moderate to severe dumping. Ten patients, each of whom had well-documented postgastrectomy dumping, were given 12 to 24 mg. of cyproheptadine daily, in divided oral doses, taken approximately 2 hours prior to meals.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Cytokine-mediated deployment of SDF-1 induces revascularization through recruitment of CXCR4+ hemangiocytes
Authors: D K Jin, K Shido, H-G Kopp, I Petit, S V Shmelkov, L M Young, A T Hooper, H Amano, S T Avecilla, B Heissig, K Hattori, F Zhang, D J Hicklin, Y Wu, Z Zhu, A Dunn, H Salari, Z Werb, N R Hackett, R G Crystal, D Lyden, S Rafii
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck
Authors: Ashton B. Morrison
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This two-volume text covers pathology of the head and neck in a most comprehensive way. The material involves the pathology of systems as diverse as the thyroid, the jaws, and the nervous system. The surgical pathologist will doubtless know where in the literature to find help when dealing with these varied organ systems, but those, like me, without these skills now have a text to serve as a guide. It is an encyclopedic guide indeed, and one in which each section has a most extensive bibliography that greatly enhances the value of the book. When I first looked over the outline of contents, I wondered just how a section on tumors and lesions of the nervous system could find its way into a book on the surgical pathology of the head and neck. That particular section very appropriately deals with tumors and lesions that involve the cranial nerves either before
Treatment of Hypertensive Diabetic Patients
Authors: Michael Tuck
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

This article briefly reviews the literature on the incidence of hypertension in the diabetic population, the risks associated with this combination of conditions, and the nonpharmacologic and other therapies available to lower blood pressure in these patients. Although several studies of nonpharmacologic therapies and diuretics are considered, the emphasis is on the reported advantages and disadvantages of β-blockers, centrally acting agents, α-adrenergic-blocking agents, calcium-channel blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Female Genital Mutilation
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Female genital mutilation—a practice involving partial or full removal of the labia, clitoris, or both—increases by 50% the likelihood that the woman or her baby will die during childbirth, according to a study by the World Health Organization (Banks E et al. Lancet. 2006;367:1835-1841).