tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Engineering of a sugar-derivatized porous network for hepatocyte culture
Authors: Annie Tang Gutsche, Hungnan Lo, Joanne Zurlo, James Yager, Kam W. Leong
Journal: Biomaterials (1996)

Many tissue engineering applications require a scaffold or template conducive to cell attachment and maintenance of functions. It may also be advantageous in some cases for these scaffolds to have a controlled porous architecture to facilitate cellular or tissue ingrowth. In this study, we have engineered a porous carbohydrate-derivatized substrate for hepatocyte culture. Polystyrene foams, with pore sizes up to 100 μm, fabricated by phase separation from a homogeneous naphthalene solution, were derivatized with lactose and heparin, both of which are known to promote rat hepatocyte attachment and maintenance of its differentiated functions. Rat hepatocytes cultured on these derivatized foams exhibited a rounded cellular morphology with many microvilli evident on the surface of the cells. The hepatocytes showed an increase in albumin secretion for the first 3 days of culture in a defined, serum-free medium, and dropped back to initial levels by the end of 7 days. The production of cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxytestosterone metabolites were also measured. Two testosterone metabolites were maintained and five others were present but decreased over a culture period of 1 week. These carbohydrate-derivatized porous substrates may be useful for largescale culture of hepatocytes, toxicology screening and for use in a liver assist device.
Omeprazole and ranitidine in treatment of reflux oesophagitis: double blind comparative trial
Authors: T Havelund, L S Laursen, E Skoubo-Kristensen, B N Andersen, S A Pedersen, K B Jensen, C Fenger, F Hanberg-Sorensen, K Lauritsen
Journal: BMJ (1988)

One hundred and sixty two patients with endoscopically proved reflux oesophagitis stratified for severity, 66 with grade 1 disease (erythema and friability) and 96 with grade 2 or 3 disease (including erosions or ulcerations), were allocated at random to double blind treatment with omeprazole 40 mg in the morning or ranitidine 150 mg twice daily for up to 12 weeks. A patient could be evaluated sooner if symptomatic relief and endoscopically normal mucosa (grade 0) were noted after four to eight weeks9 treatment. Patients treated with omeprazole responded significantly more rapidly than those treated with ranitidine (p&lt;0.0001), cumulative healing rates at four, eight, and 12 weeks being 90%, 100%, and 100% respectively for those with grade 1 disease and 70%, 85%, and 91% respectively for those with grade 2 or 3 disease in the omeprazole group. Corresponding rates in the ranitidine group were 55%, 79%, and 88% (grade 1) and 26%, 44%, and 54% (grade 2 or 3). Relief of the major symptoms of heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia and improvements in the histological appearance of the mucosa occurred earlier and were again more pronounced during treatment with omeprazole than with ranitidine. This observed superiority of omeprazole 40 mg in the morning over ranitidine 150 mg twice daily in the short term treatment of reflux oesophagitis was obtained without major clinical or biochemical side effects, but further research is needed into longer term use of omeprazole and the effects of the acid inhibition it induces.
Characterization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Anish Thomas, Jih-Hsiang Lee, Zied Abdullaev, Kang-Seo Park, Marbin Pineda, Lola Saidkhodjaeva, Markku Miettinen, Yisong Wang, Svetlana D. Pack, Giuseppe Giaccone
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Immunologic Factors Affecting the In-Vivo and In-Vitro Survival of the Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium
Authors: R. J. ARKO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Immunologic factors affecting viability of the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium were studied in vitro and in vivo in mice and guinea pigs. In bactericidal tests, fresh human serum quickly killed LD cells. Heating fresh serum to 56°C for 30 min destroyed bactericidal activity; absorbing it with bentonite had little effect. Fresh normal human serum was more effective than guinea pig serum. Adding LD cells to fresh normal human serum caused a greater than 50% depletion in functional complement activity, apparently by activating the classic C-142 pathway, because human serum deficient in C4 was not bactericidal. Antibodies to the Knoxville 1 LD strain in guinea pigs showed enhanced complement-mediated bactericidal activity. Without complement, immune guinea pig or human sera prolonged in-vitro LD cell survival. Antibodies to Knoxville 1 in mice depressed in-vitro bactericidal activity of human complement against Knoxville 1. In-vitro bactericidal tests support in-vivo studies in subcutaneous chambers. Complement-deficient mice immunized with Knoxville 1 were (P < 0.01) less resistant to homologous challenge than nonimmunized mice. Immunized guinea pigs had a greater than 80-fold increase in resistance to subcutaneous-chamber infection.
Duration of Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Hepatitis B Vaccine in a Yupik Eskimo Population
Authors: Robert B. Wainwright
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In 1981, a hepatitis B virus vaccine demonstration project was conducted in 1630 Yupik Eskimos in southwest Alaska. Levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen and markers for hepatitis B virus infection in vaccinees were monitored yearly for 5 years. After 5 years of follow-up, 19% of those who initially had an immune response to vaccine of 10 sample ratio units or greater subsequently had levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen lower than 10 sample ratio units. During the 5 years after the first dose of vaccine, in three responders and one person with an antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen response lower than 10 sample ratio units, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen developed, and the level of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was boosted. Hepatitis B surface antigen did not develop in any subjects, and none had clinical hepatitis. In the 5 years following the demonstration project, the annual incidence of hepatitis B virus infection decreased from 50 cases per 1000 population before the vaccine trial to 0.45 per 1000. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:2362-2366)
Intensive induction chemotherapy with regimen containing intermediate dose cytarabine in the treatment of de novo acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jiazhuo Liu, Yingchang Mi, Mingwei Fu, Wenjuan Yu, Ying Wang, Dong Lin, Shougeng Bian, Jianxiang Wang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

To improve long-term outcome of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by intermediate dose of cytarabine integrated in induction therapy and to explore the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities on the prognosis. Eighty-seven AML patients were treated with HAD regimen containing intermediate dose cytarabine (IDAra-C) as induction therapy, 83 from which with karyotype results were divided into three cytogenetic groups according to SWOG criteria. Complete remission (CR) rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) among different groups were evaluated. The CR rate of the 87 cases was 80/87 (92%). Median DFS and OS have not reached (NR). DFS rates at 1 and 3 years were 76.3% and 63.4%, respectively. OS rates at 1 and 3 years were 86.0% and 58.7%, respectively. According to SWOG criteria, CR rate, median DFS, and OS were 100%, NR and NR for the favorable group; 88.9%, NR, and 16 months for the intermediate group; 83.3%, 4.5 months, and 7.5 months for the adverse group. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant excepting for CR rate between adverse and intermediate groups. HAD regimen containing IDAra-C as induction chemotherapy regimen is effective in de novo AML of adult patients and can achieve higher CR rate and longer survival than standard dose of cytarabine (SDAra-C) regimen. Most of the patients were able to endure the therapy. Cytogenetics is still an important prognostic factor despite of the incorporation of IDAra-C in induction chemotherapy. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Alveolar type II and Clara cells: isolation and xenobiotic metabolism.
Authors: T R Devereux
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

This paper describes one isolation procedure for two pulmonary cell types and discusses how these cells are being used for toxicological studies. Alveolar Type II cells and Clara cells have been isolated from rabbits and rats and separated into highly enriched fractions. The lungs were digested with protease, and the pulmonary cell digests were separated into discrete fractions on the basis of cellular size and density differences. Several studies have been conducted to compare the metabolism of xenobiotics in these cell types and three examples are discussed. The metabolic activation and covalent binding of the pulmonary toxin, 4-ipomeanol was found to occur in both Clara and Type II cells in vitro, although to a much greater extent in the Clara cells. Also, the metabolism of several substrates, including 7-ethoxycoumarin, coumarin and benzo(a)pyrene, was compared in the isolated cell fractions and found to be much greater in the Clara cells than in the Type II cells. Immunohistochemical analysis and gel electrophoresis have also been used to demonstrate the presence of the two major rabbit pulmonary cytochrome P-450 isozymes in both the isolated Clara cells and alveolar Type II cells.
Infectious mononucleosis. Death due to agranulocytosis and pneumonia
Authors: E. U. Neel
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is usually considered a benign disease. Agranulocytosis developed in a young college student 14 days after the onset of IM. Fulminant staphylococcal pneumonia and bilateral pulmonary infarcts resulted, and the patient died 4 1/2 hours after admission to a hospital. Agranulocytosis secondary to IM may be more prevalent than previously thought. A review of the literature indicated that infection developed in 57.9% of the patients with IM and extreme neutropenia and 45.4% of the infected patients died. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1493-1494, 1976)
Possible paracrine growth of adenocarcinoma of the stomach induced by granulocyte colony stimulating factor produced by squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus
Authors: E Ichiishi
Journal: Gut (2000)

Synchronous cancers of the oesophagus and stomach diagnosed in a patient showing pronounced leucocytosis were examined for production of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and expression of G-CSF receptor. Whereas enzyme immunoassay of tissue extracts showed that the oesophageal carcinoma produced G-CSF, the gastric cancer did not. However, the gastric tumour showed G-CSF receptor expression on immunohistochemical examination of sections. These findings suggest that the oesophageal cancer promoted gastric cancer growth by paracrine mechanisms involving G-CSF.
79 The role of genetic polymorphisms of matrixmetallo-proteinase-3 and transforming growth factor beta-1 in alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Authors: F. Stickel, J. Scheer, D. Eurich, J. Hegewald, N. Homann, C. Hellerbrand, J. Distler, G. Poeschl, H.K. Seitz, D. Schuppan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
How posters promote public health behaviour
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Objective</h3> To explore if a home exercise program (HEP) affects visio-vestibular function in concussed pediatric patients. <h3>Background</h3> A HEP can provide an equitable and cost-effective method for therapy targeted towards visio-vestibular deficits that are common following concussion. It is unclear if pediatric patients prescribed a HEP demonstrate improved visio-vestibular function. <h3>Design/Methods</h3> This observational study included 1,041 patients (59% female; age = 14.0 ± 2.5 years) reporting to a specialty care concussion center for an initial visit ≤28 days post-injury and follow-up ≤60 days post-injury. All patients completed a Visio-Vestibular Examination (VVE) at both timepoints consisting of 9 subtests: smooth pursuit, horizontal/vertical saccades and gaze stability, binocular convergence, left/right monocular accommodation, and complex tandem gait. Patients were prescribed a HEP (1–2 times/day) at initial visit consisting of exercises addressing visio-vestibular deficits. At follow-up, patients reported their progress: (1) has not done the HEP, (2) is currently doing the HEP, or (3) has completed the HEP. Primary outcomes included HEP progress, VVE subtests (normal/abnormal), and total VVE (abnormal = 2 + abnormal subtests). Chi-square tests with Bonferroni corrections were used to determine if abnormal VVE outcomes were associated with HEP status. <h3>Results</h3> At initial visit, 81 2(77.6%) patients presented with abnormal total VVE. At follow-up, the proportion of abnormal total VVE did not differ among patients not doing the HEP (101 [62.0%]), patients currently doing the HEP (516 [69.0%]), and patients who had completed the HEP (51 [69.0%]). However among VVE subtests, a lower proportion who completed the HEP presented with abnormal smooth pursuit (7.5%), horizontal (3.8%) and vertical (3.8%) saccades, and complex tandem gait (0%) relative to patients currently doing the HEP (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and patients not doing the HEP (<i>p</i> = 0.01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings indicate that patients who completed the HEP presented with improved elements of visio-vestibular function relative to those who did not start or were currently doing the HEP.
AZD1208, a potent and selective pan-Pim kinase inhibitor, demonstrates efficacy in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Erika K. Keeton, Kristen McEachern, Keith S. Dillman, Sangeetha Palakurthi, Yichen Cao, Michael R. Grondine, Surinder Kaur, Suping Wang, Yuching Chen, Allan Wu, Minhui Shen, Francis D. Gibbons, Michelle L. Lamb, Xiaolan Zheng, Richard M. Stone, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Leonidas C. Platanias, Les A. Dakin, Huawei Chen, Paul D. Lyne, Dennis Huszar
Journal: Blood (2013)
Multiple Masses on the Tongue of a Patient with Generalized Mucocutaneous Lesions
Authors: Luca Pastore, Maria Luisa Fiorella, Raffaele Fiorella, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

Luca Pastore and colleagues discuss the differential diagnosis and management of a 62-year-old man who presented with a 6-cm fungating mass on the dorsum of the tongue.
THE CORRELATION OF CERTAIN PHENOMENA OCCURRING DURING THE GROWTH OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: Hugh J. Morgan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

The growth of a culture of pneumococcus was followed together with the time relations of some of the phenomena incident thereto. There were, roughly speaking, three periods of growth: first, the period of maximum rate, or logarithmic period; second, a brief stationary period; and third, the period of decline, during which actual death of individual organisms in the culture occurred. It has been pointed out that the usual preliminary latent period was avoided by the use of relatively large inoculum, obtained from a culture which was itself in the logarithmic period of growth. During the height of growth activity of the culture certain changes in the substrate became demonstrable. Between the 7th and 10th hours the reaction of the medium was changed by the production of acid and the soluble specific substance was detected. At a somewhat later time in the logarithmic period of the culture peroxide was demonstrable and, simultaneously with the appearance of this substance, the substrate acquired the ability to change catalase-free crystalline hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Moreover, changes then occurred in the cultural fluid, such that, after the removal of the parent organisms by filtration, it no longer supported growth when seeded with either the pneumococcus or staphylococcus. These changes occurred early in the logarithmic period of growth of the culture.
Common variants at TRAF3IP2 are associated with susceptibility to psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis
Authors: Ulrike Hüffmeier, Steffen Uebe, Arif B Ekici, John Bowes, Emiliano Giardina, Eleanor Korendowych, Kristina Juneblad, Maria Apel, Ross McManus, Pauline Ho, Ian N Bruce, Anthony W Ryan, Frank Behrens, Jesús Lascorz, Beate Böhm, Heiko Traupe, Jörg Lohmann, Christian Gieger, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, Christine Herold, Michael Steffens, Lars Klareskog, Thomas F Wienker, Oliver FitzGerald, Gerd-Marie Alenius, Neil J McHugh, Giuseppe Novelli, Harald Burkhardt, Anne Barton, André Reis
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Sanctity of Life
Authors: RICHARD J. PENDERGAST
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1973Sanctity of LifeRICHARD J. PENDERGAST, S.J., PH.D.RICHARD J. PENDERGAST, S.J., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-6-979 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the recent article by K. Danner Clouser on the concept of "the sanctity of life" (Ann Intern Med78:119-125, 1973). I agree with much of what he said and very likely with much of what he left unsaid, but the tone of his article bothers me to some degree. Probably the concept of the sanctity of life did, as he asserts, have a religious origin. Furthermore, I judge that it can only be completely specified and analyzed within a religious frame of reference. But the concept is an expression of a basic intuition... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis University Medical Center St. Louis, Missouri PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1973Volume 78, Issue 6Page: 979-979 Issue Published: 1 June 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Podoplanin-Fc reduces lymphatic vessel formation in vitro and in vivo and causes disseminated intravascular coagulation when transgenically expressed in the skin
Authors: Leah N. Cueni, Lu Chen, Hui Zhang, Daniela Marino, Reto Huggenberger, Annamari Alitalo, Roberta Bianchi, Michael Detmar
Journal: Blood (2010)
Political drive to screen for pre-dementia: not evidence based and ignores the harms of diagnosis
Authors: D. G. L. Couteur, J. Doust, H. Creasey, C. Brayne
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Green and blue spaces can promote good physical and mental health and prevent the development of long-term conditions. Evidence suggests that not all green spaces affect health equally, and that certain types and properties of green spaces are stronger predictors of health than others. However, research into the causal mechanisms is limited in large cohorts due to lack of objective and comparable data on green space type, accessibility, and usage. <h3>Methods</h3> We used data from Urban Atlas to compute measures of urban park accessibility, street trees availability, and total green and blue space availability for 300,000 UK Biobank participants. Exposure metrics were computed using circular buffers with radii of 100 m to 3000 m. Pearson correlation coefficients and other descriptive statistical parameters were used to test agreement between variables and explore the utility of indictors in capturing different types of green spaces. <h3>Results</h3> Strong positive correlations were observed between variables of the same indicator with different buffer sizes. The presence of park and proportion of street tree canopy variables were negatively correlated with amount of total green space variables. This signifies distinct differences in type of green spaces captured by these variables. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Overall, five distinct indicators of park accessibility, street trees availability, and total green and blue space availability have been integrated into a large sample of the UK Biobank. Our method is replicable to settings across Europe and facilitates evidence-based research on the roles of different green and blue spaces in health promotion and ill-health prevention. <h3>Key Messages</h3> Different types of green spaces and their position in the neighbourhood can promote and protect health by mitigating pollution and increasing physical activity and socialisation. We present the methods of constructing and linking data on urban green spaces, street trees and natural vegetation into a large health cohort, the UK Biobank. The ability to distinguish between types of green spaces and their intended use can help inform public health interventions, influence urban policy, and aid urban planning in building sustainable and healthy cities. Our methods are transferable and will allow others to explore the links between environment and health in UK Biobank and other health cohorts.
Deaths and Cardiovascular Events in Men Receiving Testosterone
Authors: Abraham Morgentaler, Abdulmaged Traish, Ravi Kacker
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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