tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum Lipid and Fat Tolerance Determinations in Patients Receiving Sippy Diets
Authors: Donald Berkoivitz
Journal: JAMA (1962)

EVER SINCE the high fat Sippy diet was first introduced in 1915 for the treatment of peptic ulcer, numerous clinical studies have attested to the rationale of this form of therapy in patients with active symptomatology. During recent times much evidence has accumulated which tends to align coronary atherosclerosis with the dietary intake of fats, particularly of the saturated variety. This, plus statistical data showing an increased incidence of myocardial infarctions in ulcer patients who have been treated with Sippy diets now make it necessary to reappraise this treatment in terms of its possible deleterious implications. The present study was undertaken to obtain more definitive information as to the specific effects of a Sippy feeding regimen on the serum lipids and fat tolerance. Methods and Material Sixteen consecutive hospitalized patients having active duodenal ulcers, and 5 normal volunteers were selected for investigation (Table 1). In half of the ulcer group,
STUDIES IN EDEMA
Authors: Moyer S. Fleisher, Daniel M. Hoyt, Leo Loeb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1909)

1. The secretion of urine and the elimination of fluid through the intestinal canal which are caused by the intravenous injection of solution of 0.85 per cent. sodium chloride are decreased by the addition of calcium chloride to the sodium chloride solution. The secretion of urine is more markedly inhibited than is the elimination of fluid through the intestines. 2. In contradistinction to the decreased elimination of fluid through the kidneys and intestines, addition of calcium chloride to the sodium chloride solution increases markedly the transudation of fluid into the peritoneal cavity. To a certain degree the urine and ascites may be said to increase in an inverse proportion. 3. Although calcium chloride inhibits both absorption from and secretion into the intestines it seems to decrease the secretion more markedly than the absorption. 4. The action of calcium chloride in increasing the ascitic fluid is a double one: first, by diminishing the amount of urine secreted: secondly, by increasing the ascites independently of its action on the kidneys. The latter may be a direct action on the endothelial cells of the peritoneal cavity: this, however, must be determined by further investigations. 5. Addition of calcium chloride to the infused fluids increases the tendency to the occurrence of edema of the lungs. 6. Infusion of large quantities of fluid into animals dilutes the blood, but this dilution seems to be carried only to a certain degree- about 30 per cent.-and to be independent of the chemical character of the solution and of the function of the kidneys. 7. The presence or absence of the kidneys has a marked influence on the intestinal and ascitic fluids. When the averages of ascitic and intestinal fluids per 1,000 c.c. of retained fluid in non-nephrectomized animals and these fluids per 1,000 c.c. of infused fluid in nephrectomized animals are compared, more fluid is found in the case of the nephrectomized animals. This fact can only be explained in part by the shorter time necessary for the same amount of fluid to be retained in the case of the nephrectomized animals. Nephrectomy causes an increase of the ascites and the intestinal fluids through a mechanism which will have to be investigated by means of further experiments.
Congenital diseases of intrahepatic bile ducts: Variations on the theme “ductal plate malformation”
Authors: Valeer J. Desmet
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Congenital diseases of intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs) can be divided into two main groups: diseases characterized by necroinflammatory destruction of IHBDs and diseases characterized by a variable degree of ectasia of IHBDs and associated with a variable degree of fibrosis.This review will emphasize that in mostif not allof these conditions, persistence or lack of remodeling of the embryonic ductal plate (so-called "ductal plate malformation" [DPM]) is an essential precursor of the lesions (1). EMBRYOLOGY OF IHBDs AND DPMDuring the fourth week of human gestation, the liver arises as a bud of cells (the hepatic diverticulum) from the ventral wall of the most cephalad portion of the foregut, near the junction with the yolk sac (2).In the human, as in the mouse, the hepatic diverticulum comprises two parts: a pars cranialis or pars hepatica and a pars caudalis or pars cystica.The former gives rise to liver precursor cells that grow into the mesenchyme of the septum transversum, which consists of a mass of loosely arranged mesodermal cells separating the pericardial and peritoneal cavities.The caudal part of the hepatic diverticulum develops into the gallbladder and the common bile duct.The cranial or hepatic part of the diverticulum acquires a T-shaped cephalic end, with more pronounced growth of epithelial sprouts from the lateral walls, creating the early outline of the right and left lobes of the liver.The liver precursor cells grow between small endothelium-lined spaces in the septum transversum that connect with the capillary plexus of the vitelline (or omphalomesenteric) veins, thus establishing the basic architecture of liver parenchyma: parenchymal cords and plates alternating with hepatic sinusoids.During the first 7 wk or so of embryonic life, no intrahepatic bile duct system exists in the developing liver.Its formation begins around the eighth gestational week.
Simultaneous Outbreaks of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Bell's Palsy in Hawaii in 1981
Authors: Jonathan E. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Simultaneous outbreaks of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Bell's palsy occurred among residents of Hawaii during the three-month period June through August 1981. The outbreak of GBS (six cases) involved children, while the outbreak of Bell's palsy (22 cases) involved primarily adults. Four of the six patients with GBS had serological evidence of recent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) v none of 24 control subjects; no such association with CMV infection could be demonstrated for patients with Bell's palsy. The patients with GBS and Bell's palsy lived in widely scattered areas within the population centers of Hawaii, and no common exposures to specific places or events were identified. Testing for antibodies to respiratory pathogens suggested that a variety of antecedent viral infections, in addition to CMV infection, may have been associated with this unusual simultaneous cluster of illnesses.
Aortic input impedance in normal man and arterial hypertension: its modification during changes in aortic pressure
Authors: JEAN P MERILLON, GUY J FONTENIER, JEAN F LERALLUT, MICHEL Y JAFFRIN, GILBERT A MOTTE, CLAUDE P GENAIN, RENÉ R GOURGON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Journal Article Aortic input impedance in normal man and arterial hypertension: its modification during changes in aortic pressure Get access JEAN P MERILLON, JEAN P MERILLON ‡ **From the Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy cedex, France ‡Address for reprints: Dr J P Merillon, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy, Cedex, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GUY J FONTENIER, GUY J FONTENIER †Technological University of Compiègne, 60200 Compiè gne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JEAN F LERALLUT, JEAN F LERALLUT †Technological University of Compiègne, 60200 Compiè gne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHEL Y JAFFRIN, MICHEL Y JAFFRIN †Technological University of Compiègne, 60200 Compiè gne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GILBERT A MOTTE, GILBERT A MOTTE **From the Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CLAUDE P GENAIN, CLAUDE P GENAIN **From the Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RENÉ R GOURGON RENÉ R GOURGON **From the Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 16, Issue 11, November 1982, Pages 646–656, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/16.11.646 Published: 01 November 1982
Area variations in the process of care in urban general practice.
Authors: D Wilkin, D H Metcalfe, L Hallam, M Cooke, P K Hodgkin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

One hundred and eighty three practitioners collected data on 110 000 consultations. Case mix and pattern of care are compared for doctors practising in different urban areas. Inner city areas are compared with outer areas and the most deprived with the most affluent. Case mix varies slightly between areas, but there are no systematic differences in the pattern of care, which is equally variable in different areas. The stereotype of inner city general practice is not confirmed.
Immune suppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells, MDSCs, in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma provides a potential target for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Nina Eissler, Baldur Sveinbjörnsson, Anna Kock, John Inge Johnsen, Per Kogner
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Novel developments in tumor-immunotherapy show promising results in cancer therapy and might provide new opportunities for neuroblastoma treatment. To define suitable immunological targets, it is crucial to understand the role of the immune system and the mechanisms underlying
Seminal Analysis in 22 Homosexuals
Authors: D. Parr, G. I. M. Swyer
Journal: BMJ (1960)

longer enjoys great popularity.Five of the first series of 20 are alive, 17 to 19 years after operation, two of whom are of subnormal intelligence.Thirteen of the second series of 19 are alive 9 to 11 years after operation.Five are severe mental defectives, three are moderately retarded, and five are of normal intellect.Jackson and Snodgrass (1955) followed 62 patients operated on in a four-year period.Only four had drainage-tubes for more than three years, and, of these, only one had infantile hydrocephalus.About 40% of these patients were benefited for over two years, and the authors think that the longer the patients are followed the worse will be the results.This is not in agreement with the experience in this centre, where most of the failures have occurred in the early post-operative months.Of those surviving over two years, only one has had to be operated on again,
Temporal evolution of molecular, functional, and structural phenotypes in a transgenic rabbit model of human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sherif F. Nagueh, Natalia Tsyboulev, Rajnikant Patel, Helen A. Kopelen, Tripti Halder, Silvia Lutucuta, Lorraine Salek, William A. Zoghbi, Miguel A. Quinones, Mark Entman, Robert Roberts, Ali J. Marian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Towards better treatment of glaucoma
Authors: P T Khaw
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The glaucomas are characterised by a specific type of optic nerve damage and visual field loss. This group of diseases is the most important cause of irreversible blindness worldwide: an estimated 66.8 million people have glaucoma, 6.7 million of whom are bilaterally blind.1

The ability to detect the development and progression of glaucoma has been improved by the use of high resolution laser scanning to detect damage to the head of the optic nerve and by advanced computerised visual field assessment which detects defects in the visual field. Thus, treatment may now be offered before too much irreversible damage has occurred.2

Treatments for glaucoma work to lower intraocular pressure, which is still the major risk factor for the disease. Glaucoma can be treated medically, surgically, or with lasers. Recently, large scale clinical trials have shown that lowering intraocular pressure can slow disease progression, even in patients with intraocular pressure that is statistically “normal” (so called normal tension glaucoma).3

The mainstays of topical medical treatment have until recently been cholinergic agonists such as pilocarpine, which increase outflow of the aqueous humour but have serious ocular side …
Consultants face compulsory education
Authors: R Kale
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Consultant obstetricians and gynaecologists in Britain will have to continue their medical education, said the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists last week. This will be the first time that continuing medical education has been made compulsory in Britain.

From this month each consultant member of the college will have to enter a programme of continuing medical education and register a minimum of 200 credits over five years. These will be earned from a range of educational …
Combined "Mixed Medullary-Follicular" and "Papillary" Carcinoma of the Thyroid with Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Michio Shimizu, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Virginia A LiVolsi, Yuji Mizukami, Tanekazu Harada, Tomoo Itoh, Toshiaki Manabe
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2000)
Clinical Lecture on Operative Interference in Typhoidal Perforation: Delivered in the General Hospital, Montreal, on November 10th, 1896
Authors: G. E. Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1896)

THE FREQUENCY OF PERFORATTON.GENTLEMEN,-It is not often that you hear a lecture on typhoid fever in a surgical clinic, but the transference of a case requiring surgical aid from the medical wards has directed my attention to the subject, and I find on looking up the literature on typhoid fever that surgeons are directly interested in I per cent. of all cases of typhoid fever.About 1.2 per cent., according to statistics, of typhoid cases a, e complicated by perforation of the intestine.About 6 per cent. of the mortality of typhoid is due to perforation of the bowel.The majority of the cases occur between the ages of Ioand 4o, as might be expected, and in the male rather than in the female sex.Osler states that perforation may occur in ulcers from which the sloughs have already separated, or it may be directly due to the extension of a necrosis through all the coats.A majority of the cases are in, or result from, small deep uleers.THE DATE OF PERFORATION: MULTIPLE PERFORATION.In 193 cases collected by Fitz, the perforation occurred in the first week in 4 cases, in the second week in 32, in the third week in 48, in the fourth week in 42, in the filth week in 27, in the sixth week in 21, in the seventh week in 5, in the eighth week in 3, in the ninth week in 2, in the tenth week in 4, in the eleventh week in 3, in the twelfth week in i, and in the sixteenth week in I case.Perforation occurs, then, most frequently during the second, third, and fourth week.In the second and third week the fever is at its height, and in tge fourth week the patient is probably convalescent, but in a very poor condibion to undergo a surgical operation.Fortu- nately in the great majority of cases the perforation is single, but Fitz found 29 cases reported where more than one perfora- tion occurred.In I9 cases there were two perforations, in 3 cases five, in i case four, in 4 cases there were several, in I case between twenty-five and thirty, and in I case thirty per- forations.
Comparing AMI Mortality Among Hospitals in Patients 65 Years of Age and Older
Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz, Jersey Chen, Yongfei Wang, Martha J. Radford, Ya-Ting Chen, Thomas A. Marciniak
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Interest in the reporting of risk-adjusted outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction is growing. A useful risk-adjustment model must balance parsimony and ease of data collection with predictive ability. Methods and Results —From our analysis of 82 359 patients ≥65 years of age admitted with acute myocardial infarction to 2401 hospitals, we derived a parsimonious model that predicts 30-day mortality. The model was validated on a similar group of 78 699 patients from 2386 hospitals. Of the 73 candidate predictor variables examined, 7 variables describing patient characteristics on arrival were selected for inclusion in the final model: age, cardiac arrest, anterior or lateral location of myocardial infarction, systolic blood pressure, white blood cell count, serum creatinine, and congestive heart failure. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the final model was 0.77 in the derivation cohort and 0.77 in the validation cohort. The rankings of hospitals by performance (in deciles) with this model were most similar to a comprehensive 27-variable model based on medical chart review and least similar to models based on administrative billing codes. Conclusions —A simple 7-variable risk model performs as well as more complex models in comparing hospital outcomes for acute myocardial infarction. Although there is a continuing need to improve methods of risk adjustment, our results provide a basis for hospitals to develop a simple approach to compare outcomes.
Induction of angiogenesis in a mouse model using engineered transcription factors
Authors: Edward J. Rebar, Yan Huang, Reed Hickey, Anjali K. Nath, David Meoli, Sameer Nath, Bingliang Chen, Lei Xu, Yuxin Liang, Andrew C. Jamieson, Lei Zhang, S Kaye Spratt, Casey C. Case, Alan Wolffe, Frank J. Giordano
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Bortezomib enhances anti-tumor T cell immunity by remodeling Notch system
Authors: Menaka Thounaojam, Duafalia Dudimah, David Carbone, Mikhail Dikov, Anil Shanker
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment perturbs numerous immune regulatory networks and usurps host antitumor immunity. We discovered that tumor interferes with host hematopoietic Notch system in lung cancer patients. The resultant decrease in immune Notch signaling could be
Understanding Financial Conflicts of Interest
Authors: D F Thompson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The problem of conflicts of interest began to receive serious attention in the medical literature in the 1980s1,2. Studies have described a wide range of conflicts involving physicians, medical researchers, and medical institutions (the most comprehensive is by Rodwin3). Among the areas of concern are self-referral by physicians,46 physicians' risk sharing in health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and hospitals,7 gifts from drug companies to physicians,8,9 hospital purchasing and bonding practices,3 industry-sponsored research,10,11 and research on patients12. Yet the concept of conflict of interest itself has been inadequately analyzed, and consequently its elements, the purposes . . .
Staffing crisis in pathology
Authors: R S Morton
Journal: BMJ (1981)

clopenthixol decanoate using the therapeutic regimen described did not show any extra- pyramidal side effects.A small minority required treatment with anti-Parkinson drugs, which controlled these side effects.The clinically useful calming and behaviourmodifying effects of clopenthixol decanoate in this small group of patients suggest that further study of clopenthixol as an aid to the management of the behavioural problems associated with mental handicap is merited in a larger group of such patients.
Daylight in Relation to Climate and Health
Authors: W. R. G. Atkins
Journal: BMJ (1938)

CHEMOTHERAPY OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONSTHEBARITSAL 565 the tubes, thereby indicating that the compound even in a concentration of 1 in 1,333 has no bacteriostatic action. DiscussionFrom the table it is evident that p-aminobenzenesulphonamide when administered in the doses used in this investigation is capable of prolonging and in some cases of saving the lives of mice infected intraperitoneally with a strain of Staph.aureus.Thus four out of twelve mice (Group C), or 33 per cent., were found to survive ; while 50 per cent.were alive up to forty-eight hours and 80 per cent.up to twenty-four hours after the infection.A similar treatment with the combined antitoxic and anti- bacterial serum (Group B) shows a 25 per cent.survival among the infected animals.It appears, therefore, that in the relative doses employed in the present investigation the efficacy of p-aminobenzenesulphonamide is slightly greater than that of the specific serum.The data from Group D again point to the fact that much better therapeutic results may be obtained by a combination of serum and drug, as under this condition a 100 per cent.survival among the infected animals occurred.But as the drug has no bacteriostatic action in culture media, it would now be of additional interest to discover the mode of action of the drug in vivo, particularly as a combined chemotherapeutic and biological treatment has been found to be far more efficacious against staphylococcal infections in mice.Work in this direction is already in progress. ConclusionFrom the preliminary experiments it would be unwise to make any definite conclusions.It may, however, be said that the subcutaneous administration of p-amino- benzenesulphonamide is capable of prolonging and in some cases of preserving the lives of mice infected with staphylococci.A better protection against staphylococcal infections in mice is obtained by combination of serum and the drug treatment.
Adverse hemodynamic effects of intravenous disopyramide compared with quinidine in conscious dogs.
Authors: R A Walsh, L D Horwitz
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Disopyramide resembles quinidine electrophysiologically, but its effect on left ventricular function has not been clarified. Twelve awake dogs were instrumented for measurement of cardiac output, left ventricular pressure and its maximal first derivative (dP/dt max), and left atrial and aortic pressures. Disopyramide or quinidine at identical, clinically relevant doses (1 and 5 mg/kg i.v.) was infused over 5 minutes at each level. Peak changes after disopyramide 1 mg/kg included increases in heart rate (34%), mean aortic pressure (24%) and systemic vascular resistance (33%), and decreases in stroke volume (16%) and dP/dt max (19%). With disopyramide at 5 mg/kg these changes were of greater magnitude (e.g., dP/dt -- 36%). Quinidine at both doses caused no changes except a 13% decrease in vascular resistance at 5 mg/kg. Heart rate with disopyramide increased after propranolol (1 mg/kg i.v.), was unchanged after atropine (0.1 mg/kg i.v.), and slowed after propranolol and atropine. Phenoxybenzamine (2 mg/kg i.v.) did not prevent the rise in systemic vascular resistance produced by disopyramide. Thus, disopyramide in clinical dosages exerts opposing direct and indirect effects on cardiac pacemakers and, unlike quinidine, is a potent myocardial depressant and vasoconstrictor in the conscious dog.
Book Review Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Disease: A companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease By Kenneth R. Chien, with Jan L. Breslow, Jeffrey M. Leiden, Robert D. Rosenberg, and Christine E. Seidman. 637 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1999. $135. 0-7216-6401-6
Authors: Marschall S. Runge
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)