tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 235: Expression of DUSP4/MKP2 increases cell growth in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and is associated with MSI-H phenotype in CRC
Authors: Wolfgang Dietmaier, Benedikt Gröschl, Marcus Bettstetter, Ferdinand Hofstädter
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract DUSP4, also termed MKP2 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (MKP) family which negatively regulates the MAPKs (Mitogen-activated protein kinases) ERK, p38 and JNK. Using microarray analyses we found previously DUSP4 frequently overexpressed in high frequent microsatellite unstable (MSI-H) colorectal cancer CRC. Here we analysed DUSP4 expression on mRNA level in 38 CRC (19 MSI-H and 19 MSS) compared to matched normal tissue as well as in CRC cell lines by RT-qPCR. All 19 MSI-H tumors (100%) and 14/19 (73.7%) MSS tumors showed overexpressed DUSP4. However, median expression levels in MSI-H tumors were significantly higher than in MSS-tumors (p&amp;lt;0.001). Likewise, MSI-H CRC cell lines showed 5.1-fold higher DUSP4 mRNA levels than MSS cell lines. Using quantitative methylation analysis (MethyQESD) we did not find DUSP4 expression regulated by promoter methylation in CRC cell lines as well as in tumor samples. DUSP4 overexpression in CRC cell lines through DUSP4 transfection caused increased expression of the MAPK targets CDC25A, CCND1, EGR1, MYC and CDKN1A in HCT116 cells as well as downregulation of the mismatch repair gene MSH2 in SW480 cells. Furthermore, DUSP4 overexpression caused increased proliferation in CRC cells using Real Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) system. Our findings suggest that DUSP4 plays as an important role in regulating cell growth within the MAPK pathway and causes enhanced cell growth in MSI-H colorectal cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 235. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-235
Host Determinants in HIV Infection and Disease: Part 2: Genetic Factors and Implications for Antiretroviral Therapeutics*
Authors: Christine M. Hogan, Scott M. Hammer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

The course of HIV infection varies widely among individuals. Immunologic and genetic studies of long-term nonprogressors and exposed yet uninfected persons have helped to elucidate the mechanisms by which some persons are protected from HIV acquisition or have slow rates of disease progression. This two-part review describes what is currently known about host factors in HIV-1 infection. Studies for inclusion were identified by a systematic search of PubMed for English-language literature published from 1988 through June 2000. Abstracts of presentations at major meetings convened in 2000 were also included if appropriate. The first part of the review discussed cellular and humoral immunity to HIV infection. This second part describes genetic host factors-namely, inheritance of mutant chemokine receptors or ligands, such as CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-V64I, stromal cell-derived factor-1 3'alpha, and CCR5 promoter polymorphisms, as well as HLA type-that affect susceptibility to infection and subsequent clinical course. Soluble inhibitory factors, the cytokine milieu, and concomitant infections also affect outcome. Knowledge of host responses is increasingly being applied to new therapeutic strategies, including early treatment, immune modulation, structured treatment interruptions, therapeutic vaccination, and new chemotherapeutic agents, as well as to vaccine development.
CHOLECYSTITIS AND CHOLELITHIASIS OF CHILDHOOD
Authors: Howard B. Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1934)

A case report of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis in a boy, aged 8 years, is here recorded to stress the necessity of consideration of lesions of the gallbladder in the differential diagnosis of abdominal disease in children. It is probable that pathologic changes in the preadolescent gallbladder are not as rare as clinical and postmortem records indicate. For this reason and for the reason that many of these cases present long and indefinite antecedent histories, we believe that children who have indefinite abdominal symptoms of epigastric pain and indigestion should be investigated more frequently with such diagnostic aids as cholecystography.  In 1928 Potter 1 reported four personal cases of gallbladder disease in children 4 ½, 6, 11 and 15 years of age, and he supplemented the report with a review of the literature. He was able to collect 226 cases in which the ages were less than 15 years, as follows: fetuses 2,
Influence of human leukocyte antigen matching on liver allograft survival and rejection: “The dualistic effect”
Authors: Peter Donaldson, James Underhill, Derek Doherty, Karen Hayllar, Roy Calne, Kai-Chah Tan, John O'Grady, Derek Wight, Bernard Portmann, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

To date only one published large series of human leukocyte antigen matching and liver allograft survival exists, and considerable confusion has arisen about the advantage or disadvantage of human leukocyte antigen matching. In the present study we have reinvestigated the relationship between human leukocyte antigen mismatch and graft survival in 466 first liver allografts, seeking to clarify the relationship between human leukocyte antigen and both acute rejection and the vanishing bile duct syndrome. In view of current criticism regarding the accuracy of serological tissue typing for human leukocyte antigen-DR, we have used both classic serology and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to ensure the accurate assignment of recipient DR types. In addition, we have used polymerase chain reaction amplification and allele-specific and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes to retest the hypothesis that human leukocyte antigen class II matching may increase susceptibility to the vanishing bile duct syndrome. One-year graft survival was significantly lower in patients with zero or two human leukocyte antigen-A mismatches (52% and 63%, respectively) than in those with one human leukocyte antigen--A mismatch (69%) (p = 0.016 and p = 0.018). A similar effect of B mismatching was observed, with a 1-yr graft survival of 73% for those with one compared with 60% for those with two human leukocyte antigen-B mismatches. In contrast no correlation was found between DR mismatch and graft survival. Human leukocyte antigen class I matching appears to influence graft survival largely through the occurrence of acute rejection and the development of the vanishing bile duct syndrome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Histologically transformed follicular lymphoma exhibits protein profiles different from both non-transformed follicular and de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: M Ludvigsen, C Madsen, P Kamper, S J Hamilton-Dutoit, K Bendix, F d'Amore, B Honoré
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

The majority of untransformed follicular lymphoma (FL) follow an indolent clinical course and have a median overall survival that, in several series, exceeds one decade.1, 2, 3 Histological transformation (HT), usually to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), occurs in ~30% of all patients with grade I/II FL.4, 5, 6 HT is usually associated with a rapidly progressive clinical course, treatment resistance and poor survival. Although HT is a well-described clinico-pathological event, the molecular mechanisms behind it are still largely unknown, particularly regarding changes in global protein expression. Moreover, no unequivocal prognostic tools have been identified to effectively predict the patients at risk of HT.
Proof-of-concept study of the Aer-O-Scope™ omnidirectional colonoscopic viewing system in ex vivo and in vivo porcine models
Authors: N. Arber, R. Grinshpon, J. Pfeffer, L. Maor, S. Bar-Meir, D. Rex
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Background and study aims: The limited angle of view of standard colonoscopes means that lesions can be missed. A multidirectional viewing system (OmniVision) has been developed recently and has been incorporated into the Aer-O-Scope™ (GI View Ltd., Ramat Gan, Israel), a disposable, self-propelling, and self-navigating colonoscope. The objectives of this study were to qualitatively assess the sensitivity of this viewing system in an ex vivo porcine polyp induction model, and to demonstrate its feasibility and safety in live pigs.
The Prevalence and Differential Diagnosis of Subclinical Depressive Syndromes in Inpatients 60 Years and Older
Authors: Gudrun Schneider, Andreas Kruse, Hans-Georg Nehen, Wolfgang Senf, Gereon Heuft
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2000)

Depressive syndromes that do not comply with the diagnostic criteria for specific depressive disorders are designated as 'subclinical' or 'subsyndromal' depressive syndromes. Using our own data from a clinical study, this paper outlines the significance of subclinical depressive syndromes and demonstrates the problems of differentiating between depressive and subclinical depression (SD) syndromes and organic mood disorders especially in an elderly population with medical comorbidity.Two hundred and sixty-two patients aged 60 years and older in a general hospital were investigated, using a clinical psychiatric interview, expert ratings and self-report scales after extensive internal medical diagnostic evaluation.When, without further differentiation as to their origin, all symptoms required by symptom checklists according to ICD-10 were considered for the diagnosis of major depression (MD), 35.5% of the study participants fulfilled the diagnostic criteria. After differentiating for etiology of symptoms, MD was found in only 14.1%, SD was diagnosed in 17.6% and organic mood disorder in 12.2% of the study participants. In another 41 patients (15.6%), symptoms of depression not fulfilling ICD-10 criteria were classified as being of organic or drug-induced origin. SD patients were in a mean position between nondepressive and depressive patients with regard to social isolation and physical impairment; women were overrepresented in the depressive and subdepressive groups.SD and organic mood disorder are common and helpful diagnostic categories in the elderly. The results show that in old age there is substantial danger of confounding MD, SD and organic mood disorder, thus leading to erroneously high prevalence rates of MD and underestimations of organic mood disorder if depressive symptoms are recorded only by self-report scales or a symptom checklist. Both internal and psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic competence as well as a liaison service in general hospitals are necessary for the differential diagnosis of MD, SD and organic mood disorder in the elderly with medical comorbidity.
The Golden Age of CME Is Yet to Come
Authors: Howard S. Madigan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The comprehensive and timely article by Drs Manning and Petit<sup>1</sup>is a welcome explication of continuing medical education (CME) practices, problems, and potential. As a colleague in the field and recent chairman of the Accreditation Council for CME, I applaud their analysis of the evolution of CME and the delineation of methods and policies, some of which continue to inhibit fulfillment of CME potential as an effective force in quality patient care. Three aspects warrant comment. First, accreditation of CME sponsors by the Accreditation Council and by state medical societies, coupled with monitoring of the process by the Council's Committee on Review and Recognition, provides a rational foundation for reasonably uniform standards of CME organization and administration. The Essentials and Guidelines give CME sponsors a systematic process by which to achieve educational integrity for CME offerings. Such accreditation is a necessary "first step." Second, mandatory CME,
Bringing epilepsy out of the shadows
Authors: R. Kale
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The history of epilepsy can be summarised as 4000 years of ignorance, superstition, and stigma followed by 100 years of knowledge, superstition, and stigma. Knowing that seizures result from sudden, excessive, abnormal electrical discharges of a set of neurones in the brain has done little to dispel misunderstanding about epilepsy in most of the world. More than three quarters of sufferers remain untreated despite the availability in phenobarbitone of a cheap antiepileptic drug. Epilepsy remains a hidden disease associated with discrimination in the work place, school, and home.

Epilepsy—a state of recurrent and usually unprovoked seizures—is a truly universal disorder. People of both sexes, all ages, and every race, country, and socioeconomic group are susceptible to it. Its annual incidence is about 50 per 100 000 in the developed world, twice that in the developing world, and in some parts up to 190 …
Predicting the risk of repetition after self harm: cohort study
Authors: Navneet Kapur, Jayne Cooper, Cathryn Rodway, Joanne Kelly, Else Guthrie, Kevin Mackway-Jones
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Recent evidence supports an association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). <b>Objectives:</b> To describe demographic factors, subtypes, and survival of patients with SLE who develop NHL. <b>Methods:</b> A multi-site cohort of 9547 subjects with definite SLE was assembled. Subjects at each centre were linked to regional tumour registries to determine cancer cases occurring after SLE diagnosis. For the NHL cases ascertained, descriptive statistics were calculated, and NHL subtype frequency and median survival time of patients determined. <b>Results:</b> 42 cases of NHL occurred in the patients with SLE during the 76 948 patient-years of observation. The median age of patients at NHL diagnosis was 57 years. Thirty six (86%) of the 42 patients developing NHL were women, reflecting the female predominance of the cohort. In the patients, aggressive histological subtypes appeared to predominate, with the most commonly identified NHL subtype being diffuse large B cell (11 out of 21 cases for which histological subtype was available). Twenty two of the patients had died a median of 1.2 years after lymphoma diagnosis. <b>Conclusions:</b> These data suggest aggressive disease in patients with SLE who develop NHL. Continuing work should provide further insight into the patterns of presentation, prognosis, and aetiology of NHL in SLE.
Trilysinoyl oleylamide-based cationic liposomes for systemic co-delivery of siRNA and an anticancer drug
Authors: Gayong Shim, Su-Eun Han, Yong-Hee Yu, Sangbin Lee, Han Young Lee, Kwangmeyung Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Tae Gwan Park, Young Bong Kim, Yong Seok Choi, Chan-Wha Kim, Yu-Kyoung Oh
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Acute renal failure after overdose of labetalol.
Authors: A J Smit, P O Mulder, P E de Jong, G K van der Hem
Journal: BMJ (1986)

It is arkable that despite usually severe and prolondihypotension acute renalfailure aft an overdose dfa-, blocker has not been reported.In our pateit.acute-oigurc renal failure-develdped after a short peiiod of vioderat hypo. auss such as myoglobiiiuria -and nterstitial ne~hritis were l.The tubuar necrosis and iniially low filtmtion
Free Radical Scavengers and Diaphragm Injury Following Inspiratory Resistive Loading
Authors: TIAN-XI JIANG, W. DARLENE REID, JEREMY D. ROAD
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Three groups of NZW rabbits were studied to examine the role of free radical scavengers in preventing diaphragm injury produced by inspiratory resistive load (IRL): control, IRL, and scavenger groups. An IRL (Pao: 45-55 cm H2O) was applied to the IRL and the scavenger groups on Day 1. Free radical scavengers (polyethylene glycol superoxide dismutase, N-acetylcysteine, and mannitol) were given (intravenously) to the scavenger group both before and after the IRL. All rabbits were killed on Day 3 to collect diaphragms. Point counting H&E-stained diaphragm x-sections indicated that abnormal diaphragm muscle in the IRL group was significantly greater than control (p < 0.01). However, it was significantly lower in the scavenger group than the IRL group (p < 0.05) and it did not differ from control. In vitro diaphragm physiological studies found that the twitch tension (p < 0.05) and maximal tension (p < 0.01) in the IRL group were significantly lower than control. The maximal tensions (p < 0.05) in the scavenger group were lower than control. After the fatigue protocol, diaphragmatic contractility in the scavenger group was similar to control and was better maintained compared with the IRL group. We conclude that free radical scavengers can prevent the development of diaphragm injury as evidenced by histology but the protection of diaphragm function is limited.
Altered platelet deformability in patients with type IIa and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Clark M. Smith, Steven M. Burris, Donald B. Hunninghake, James G. White
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Platelets from subjects with hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) differ from normal platelets in lipid composition and function depending upon the phenotypic classification of the HLP. The present study has evaluated the deformability of platelets from human subjects with type Ila and type IV HLP. Platelets suspended in autologous plasma diluted 30‐fold with buffer were aspirated into micropipettes 0.7‐0.8 microns in diameter by step‐wise increment in tension, and the resulting extension lengths were recorded. Platelets from type IIa subjects could not be aspirated as far into the micropipettes as normal platelets. However, less tension was required to reach maximum cell extension than with normal platelets, and the initial extension lengths and slopes of the stress responses were the same as the control. In contrast, platelets from subjects with type IV HLP showed a generalized increase in deformability. The initial cell extensions aspirated from type IV platelets were longer than normal, and larger maximum cell extensions were achieved at lower tensions than control platelets. The type IV platelets were also mechanically fragile and fragmented at lower tensions than control or type IIa platelets. The variance in platelet deformability between subjects of the same phenotype was not directly correlated to plasma lipid or lipoprotein concentrations. This study confirms alterations in the structural organization of platelets from subjects with type IIa and type IV HLP.
Surgical Anatomy of the Coronary Artery Distribution in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: KEITH REEMTSMA, CHARLES G. LONGENECKER, OSCAR CREECH
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Distribution of major coronary arteries was studied in 154 congenitally malformed hearts and 24 normal hearts. The artery to the atrioventricular node constantly arose in the area of the coronary sinus from either the right or left coronary artery. In specimens with ostium primum malformations, this artery coursed immediately beneath the inferior (dorso-caudad) rim of the defect. Anomalous distribution of the coronary arteries in the region of the right ventricular outflow tract poses a serious problem in openheart surgery. The two most frequent variants were anomalous anterior descending artery arising from the right coronary, and single right coronary artery with the left coronary branch passing across the right ventricular outflow tract. Such anomalies occur most frequently in transposition complexes and tetralogy with extreme dextroposition of the aorta. Fatalities have been reported following division of these vessels. Although some anomalies of the coronary vessels may be recognized on inspection of the heart at the operating table, a major vessel may lie buried within the myocardium.
Emasculation and Ovariotomy.
Authors: Mark Millikin
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Hamilton, Ohio, Sept. 17,1894.  To the Editor:  —The article on this subject by Dr. Robert Boal, in your issue of September 15, leads me to think that the belief in castration for crime is orthodox in the medical ranks. In the Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic of August 25, I protested against that proposed punishment, and up to date I have not found an article or editorial on that question which was at all heretical.  The castrationists seem to forget that after castration society deals with a eunuch, not with a man; and while lauding the virtues of the lazy, fat, oriental eunuch, whose ideas of individual rights are almost nil , they overlook the fact that our emasculated product, before deprived of virility, was a desperate, vicious person who had a very clear conception of rights, even though he had no regard for them. It is very doubtful if the American eunuch would
Achieving NKF-K/DOQI™ bone metabolism and disease treatment goals with cinacalcet HCl
Authors: Sharon M. Moe, Glenn M. Chertow, Jack W. Coburn, L. Darryl Quarles, William G. Goodman, Geoffrey A. Block, Tilman B. DrEke, John Cunningham, Donald J. Sherrard, Laura C. Mccary, Kurt A. Olson, Stewart A. Turner, Kevin J. Martin
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
II. The Patient Sample: Overt and Covert Selection Factors and Prognostic Predictions
Authors: H.J. Kimm, Waltraud Bolz, A.-E. Meyer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

(1) Our intake sample (n = 214) shows the well-known preponderance of upper-middle and middle class; however, in our case this selection is wholly independent from the influence of psychotherapists. Mean 'duration of problem' was over 10 years for 31% and from 5 to 10 years for another 18%. The intake sample deviated significantly in 'pathological' direction in every one of the 12 test scale means of the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI) from the population means. (2) Comparisons of the averse (i.e. to psychotherapy) subsample versus the affine group yielded cues that the former sample was a bit less ill and came from a less sophisticated background. The averse sample had a near normal arithmetic mean in 'verbal fluency' whereas its affine counter group was significantly higher. Therapy refusers (a subgroup of the averse) were less ill and had more often come 'on their own' than the 3 other subsamples. Therapy completers (a subgroup of the affine) were more often married and had a higher proportion of patients with a very long (10 years) 'duration of problem'. (3) Therapists' selection of candidates for psychotherapy operated through prognostic predictions for the intake sample. The prognoses of the CC predictors were significantly more optimistic than those of the PT prognosticians. In regard to psychological tests both CC and PT prognostically favoured 'manifest anxious' and 'inhibited' (socially anxious) patients. This communal nucleus is expanded for PT to include less sociable but not undercontrolled patients, whereas CC prognosticians favoured depressed, inferior feeling, but more verbally intelligent patients with less psychosomatic instability. Thus, except perhaps for the CC therapists preferring verbal intelligence, our prognosticians resisted the famous attraction of the YAVIS patient (Y = young, A = attractive, V = verbal, I = intelligent, S = successful) [Goldstein, 1977 p. 6]. (4) Lot assignment achieved a random distribution. There is a nonsignificant tendency for the immediate therapy sample to be a bit more disturbed than the waiting group. The patients filling out session questionnaires might be a bit more disturbed than those not asked to fill these in.