tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relation of Impaired Fasting and Postload Glucose With Incident Type 2 Diabetes in a Dutch Population
Authors: Femmie de Vegt, Jacqueline M. Dekker, Agnes Jager, Ellen Hienkens, Pieter J. Kostense, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Giel Nijpels, Lex M. Bouter, Robert J. Heine
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextPersons with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are known to have an elevated risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Less is known about diabetes risk among persons with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or with normal glucose levels.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of diabetes in relation to baseline fasting and postload glucose levels and other risk factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPopulation-based cohort study conducted from October 1989 to February 1992 among 1342 nondiabetic white residents of Hoorn, the Netherlands, aged 50 to 75 years at baseline, in whom fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and glucose levels 2 hours after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test were measured at baseline and at follow-up in 1996-1998.Main Outcome MeasuresCumulative incidence of diabetes, defined according to the diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO-1985 and WHO-1999) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA-1997), during a mean follow-up of 6.4 years, compared among participants with IFG, IGT, and normal glucose levels at baseline.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of diabetes was 6.1%, 8.3%, and 9.9% according to the WHO-1985, ADA, and WHO-1999 criteria, respectively. The cumulative incidence of diabetes (WHO-1999 criteria) for participants with both IFG and IGT was 64.5% compared with 4.5% for those with normal glucose levels at baseline. The odds ratios for diabetes (WHO-1999 criteria), adjusted for age, sex, and follow-up duration, were 10.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-16.5), 10.9 (95% CI, 6.0-19.9), and 39.5 (95% CI, 17.0-92.1), respectively, for those having isolated IFG, isolated IGT, and both IFG and IGT. In addition to FPG and 2-hour postload glucose levels (P&lt;.001 for both), the waist-hip ratio also was an important risk factor for developing diabetes (P = .002).ConclusionIn this study, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was strongly related to both IFG and IGT at baseline and, in particular, to the combined presence of IFG and IGT.
The paralogous hematopoietic regulators Lyl1 and Scl are coregulated by Ets and GATA factors, but Lyl1 cannot rescue the early Scl–/– phenotype
Authors: Wan Y. I. Chan, George A. Follows, Georges Lacaud, John E. Pimanda, Josette-Renee Landry, Sarah Kinston, Kathy Knezevic, Sandie Piltz, Ian J. Donaldson, Laure Gambardella, Fred Sablitzky, Anthony R. Green, Valerie Kouskoff, Berthold Göttgens
Journal: Blood (2006)
Fatty-acid composition of serum lipids predicts myocardial infarction.
Authors: T A Miettinen, V Naukkarinen, J K Huttunen, S Mattila, T Kumlin
Journal: BMJ (1982)

During a follow-up of five to seven years 33 out of 1222 middle-aged men initially free of coronary heart disease sustained fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction or died suddenly. The fatty-acid composition of serum triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters had been measured at the start of the surveillance in these men and in a control group of 64 men matched for age, serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, blood pressure, obesity, smoking, and one-hour glucose tolerance. Palmitic and stearic acids of phospholipids were significantly higher and linoleic and most polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, of phospholipids were lower in the subjects who sustained coronary events compared with the controls. Linoleic acid tended to correlate negatively with blood pressure while other polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, exhibited a negative correlation with blood pressure and relative body weight in the controls but not in the subjects who sustained coronary events. These findings suggest that the fatty-acid pattern of serum phospholipids is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease.
A dose ranging study of double bolus recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: John A. Purvis, Tom G. Trouton, Gavin W.N. Dalzell, Michael J.D. Roberts, Michael G. Mulholland, Sanjeev Jalihal, Carol M. Wilson, George C. Patterson, Samuel W. Webb, Norman P.S. Campbell, Mazhar M. Khan, A.A.Jennifer Adgey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
A CASE OF THALLIUM POISONING FOLLOWING THE PROLONGED USE OF A DEPILATORY CREAM
Authors: W. S. Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The Journalrecently published an article<sup>1</sup>bringing to the attention of the medical profession the sale of a depilatory cream which was found to be particularly high in thallium acetate content. This article led to the correct diagnosis in the following case: <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A white woman, aged 24, came to the Cleveland Clinic complaining of severe pain over the soles of both feet and ankles, weakness of both feet and legs, and intense burning of both feet, most marked in the third, fourth and fifth toes. She had been receiving treatment elsewhere for arthritis of both feet and ankles. Four and one-half months prior to entering the clinic, the patient had first noticed intermittent epigastric pains which gradually increased in severity to sharp, cramplike pains throughout the entire abdomen. These pains were associated with nausea, several attacks of vomiting, loss of appetite and substernal pain, but were unrelated
Abstract C56: microRNA-200 control of tumor cell cytoskeletal changes and invasion
Authors: Christin Ungewiss, Jonathon D. Roybal, David H. Peng, Don L. Gibbons
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of all cancer-related deaths, accounting for 160,000 deaths per year in the US, primarily caused by metastasis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to metastasis will identify new therapeutic targets for improved treatment strategies. Using our mutant Kras and p53 murine model of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, we have shown that loss of microRNA-200 family (miR-200) expression is necessary and sufficient to drive an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), allowing cells to acquire an invasive and metastatic phenotype necessary for metastasis. Cell motility is characterized by the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, for which we are currently investigating the role of miR-200. Cortactin is a scaffold protein known to play a central role in different signaling pathways involved in the formation of pro-invasive cell structures by recruiting actin-associated proteins and proteases leading to the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Maturation of cell protrusions requires the phosphorylation of cortactin by upstream tyrosine kinases such as src and arg. Functional assay of cell behavior on 2D agarose demonstrates actin reorganization within our cell lines with different miR-200 levels. Biochemical analysis of cell lines from our model and human lung cancer cells shows that metastatic cells (low-miR-200) have increased levels of phosphorylated cortactin compared to the non-metastatic cells (high miR-200), leading us to hypothesize that miR-200 regulates the biochemical activation of signaling pathways that mediate cortactin phosphorylation and a pro-invasive cytoskeletal reorganization. Inhibition of src using pharmacologic inhibitors and an siRNA approach significantly reduces phosphorylated cortactin levels, inhibits in vitro cell migration and invasion, and decreases the invasiveness of cells grown in 3D, demonstrating the importance of this pathway in invasion. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the pro-survival PI3K pathway can be inhibited using cortactin siRNA, underlining the multi-faceted role of cortactin in tumor progression. Citation Format: Christin Ungewiss, Jonathon D. Roybal, David H. Peng, Don L. Gibbons. microRNA-200 control of tumor cell cytoskeletal changes and invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C56.
Thermography in Occlusive Cerebrovascular Diseases
Authors: C. Mawdsley, E. Samuel, M. D. Sumerling, G. B. Young
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Cooling of the skin over the medial supraorbital region in 80% of patients who have an occlusion or severe stenosis of a carotid artery can be demonstrated by facial thermography. Minor stenotic lesions in the carotid arteries do not produce characteristic thermographic changes, while thermography is of no help in the diagnosis of vertebrobasilar arterial disease. Thermographic changes suggestive of carotid arterial lesions are found occasionally in patients whose angiograms are normal, owing to variations in the size of the frontal sinuses, or factors such as fever or inflammatory lesions. It is suggested that facial thermography is of value in the preliminary investigation of patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease.
THE DETERMINATION OF THE SURVIVAL OF TRANSFUSED RED CELLS BY A METHOD OF DIFFERENTIAL HEMOLYSIS 1
Authors: Thomas H. Hurley, Russell Weisman, Angela E. Pasquariello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1954)

The technique of differential agglutination of red cells, introduced by Ashby ( 1 ), has been widely used to measure the life span of red cells following transfusion.The technique of differential hemoly- sis was investigated as a possible alternative to this method in an attempt to separate more easily the surviving donor cells from those of the recipi- ent.
Reconfiguring acute hospitals in England
Authors: Richard Venn, Lui G Forni
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Use of Google as a diagnostic aid Bias your searchEditor-Although Google can be a valuable aid in reaching diagnoses in rare conditions, 1 the problem faced in a busy, fast-paced clinic can be the abundance of lesser quality material on the web."Biasing" or directing your search by adding the name of an online clinical knowledge base such as Emedicine can lead you to quality information more quickly; you avoid sifting through dozens of unknown journals, personal webpages, blogs, or discussion forums containing your search terms.For example, by typing "pigmented lesion+buccal" into Google you will get 55 000 hits with a vast array of very different material.However, typing "pigmented lesion+buccal+emedicine" provides only 106 hits (accessed 12 November 2006), the first being a comprehensive Emedicine review on Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. 2You get similar results by adding "BMJ" to the end of your search; in this case the top hit is an ABC of oral health article.
Generation of immunoglobulin light chain gene diversity in Raja erinacea is not associated with somatic rearrangement, an exception to a central paradigm of B cell immunity.
Authors: M K Anderson, M J Shamblott, R T Litman, G W Litman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

In all vertebrate species examined to date, rearrangement and somatic modification of gene segmental elements that encode portions of the antigen-combining sites of immunoglobulins are integral components of the generation of antibody diversity. In the phylogenetically primitive cartilaginous fishes, gene segments encoding immunoglobulin heavy and light chain loci are arranged in multiple clusters, in which segmental elements are separated by only 300-400 bp. In some cases, segmental elements are joined in the germline of nonlymphoid cells (joined genes). Both genomic library screening and direct amplification of genomic DNA have been used to characterize at least 89 different type I light chain gene clusters in the skate, Raja. Analyses of predicted nucleotide sequences and predicted peptide structures are consistent with the distribution of genes into different sequence groups. Predicted amino acid sequence differences are preferentially distributed in complementarity-determining versus framework regions, and replacement-type substitutions exceed neutral substitutions. When specific germline sequences are related to the sequences of individual cDNAs, it is apparent that the joined genes are expressed and are potentially somatically mutated. No evidence was found for the presence of any type I light chain gene in Raja that is not germline joined. The type I light chain gene clusters in Raja appear to represent a novel gene system in which combinatorial and junctional diversity are absent.
Abstract LB-237: Targeting HER3 and IGF1R in NRG1 high lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Qing Sheng, Maria Pinzon-Ortiz, Rita Das, Alan Huang, Xianhui Rong, Z. Alexander Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract HER3 is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Aberrant activation of HER3 as a result of HER2 amplification or neuregulin 1 (NRG1) over-expression has been demonstrated to mediate constitutive activation of downstream oncogenic signals. LJM716 is a fully human IgG1 anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody. It locks HER3 in an inactive conformation and prevents HER3 dimerization with other ErbB family members. This unique mode of action enables LJM716 to block both ligand dependent and ligand independent HER3 activation. In search of new indications that may benefit from anti-HER3 therapies, we noted that squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) tend to have relatively higher NRG1 expression as compared to their adenocarcinoma counterparts. Highest NRG1 expression was observed in the lung SCC cell lines in cell line encyclopedia (CLE). A subset of the lung SCC cell lines with high NRG1 expression are moderately sensitive to LJM716, with HER3 activation detected in all of the sensitive lines. Surprisingly, phosphorylation of IGF1R rather than other HER family members tracked closely to HER3 phosphorylation in the lung SCC lines. Consistent with this finding, co-treatment with either IGF1R inhibitor, OSI-906, or anti-IGF1R antibody, Figitumumab, with LJM716 further enhanced LJM716 activity in the three NRG1-high lung SCC lines in vitro. The enhanced anti-tumor activity of LJM716 and Figitumumab is also observed in mouse xenografts generated from these lung SCC lines. Furthermore, pharmacodynamic analysis revealed increased inhibition of PI3K/mTOR signaling with the combined treatment of LJM716 and Figitumumab. These data suggest that NRG1- driven HER3 activation is a common feature in a subset of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Combination of anti-HER3 and anti-IGF1R is effective at suppressing PI3K/mTOR signaling and inhibit growth in these tumors. Citation Format: Qing Sheng, Maria Pinzon-Ortiz, Rita Das, Alan Huang, Xianhui Rong, Z. Alexander Cao. Targeting HER3 and IGF1R in NRG1 high lung squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-237. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-237
Cardiac Rest and Reserve Function in Patients With Fontan Circulation
Authors: Hideaki Senzaki, Satoshi Masutani, Hirotaka Ishido, Mio Taketazu, Toshiki Kobayashi, Nozomu Sasaki, Haruhiko Asano, Toshiyuki Katogi, Shunei Kyo, Yuji Yokote
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Potential role of the ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) lung scan in the diagnosis of acute chest syndrome in adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Navleen Kaur, Bharat Motwani, Devaki Sivasubramaniam, Lori Feldman, Sandra Allen, Richard Ferguson, Gail Shiomoto, David Ansell, Maxwell Westerman, Lawrence Feldman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract The current criteria for diagnosing ACS are chest pain and presence of a new infiltrate on the chest radiograph (CXR). This study was designed to evaluate the role of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) scan to assist in the early diagnosis of ACS. An abnormal V/Q scan was associated with a diagnosis of ACS that reached a statistical significance ( P &lt; 0.038). The sensitivity and specificity were found to be 60% and 100%, respectively. We conclude that V/Q scan may play a role in the early diagnosis of ACS. Am. J. Hematol. 77:407–409, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THE ULTIMATE RESULT OF A DOUBLE NEPHRECTOMY AND THE REPLANTATION OF ONE KIDNEY
Authors: Alexis Carrel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1911)

Experiment.--A medium-sized young bitch, in normal health. February 6, 19o8, lO:12 A. M. Under ether anesthesia, transverse laparotomy and dissection of the left kidney. The surface of the organ is lobulated. At IO :58 A. M., two serres fines are applied on the renal vessels at some distance from the kidney; then the vessels are cut. The ureter is also cut at about six centimeters from the pelvis, and the kidney with its peritoneal covering is extirpated and washed with a small quantity of Locke's solution (at the temperature of the laboratory), which is injected~ through the renal artery. The organ is deposited~ in a jar of Locke's solution. Then the central ends of the renal vessels are prepared for an.astomosis. The kidney is replaced in the abdominal cavity and circular suture of the artery and of the vein is performed. At II :28 A. M., reestablishment of the circulation and suture of the ureter. The organ is then fixed in its normal position by a suture of the peritoneum. The abdomen is closed by four planes of sutures. 4:oo P.M. Animal in excellent condition; walks and. drinks. February 7, 19o8. Animal appears to be in normal condition. February 19, IO:OO A.M. The right kidney is extirpated. Its surface is lobulated. Histological examination subsequently showed that its structure was entirely normal. February 2o. Animal has urinated abundantly. No albumen. February 25. Animal appears normal. No albumen in urine. March, 19o9. In excellent health. Eleven pups born.
Crack inhalation induced pneumomediastinum
Authors: S M Janes
Journal: Thorax (2004)

“Crack lung” is an acute pulmonary syndrome with a spectrum of clinical and histopathological findings. Smoking crack, a potent and highly addictive crystalline form of cocaine, usually involves deep inspiration followed by the valsalva manoeuvre and coughing.

A 30 year old man presented 8 hours after smoking crack with severe chest pain and coughing. His chest radiograph showed …
Exercise for Overweight Children and Diabetes Risk—Reply
Authors: Catherine L. Davis, Jennifer L. Waller, Norman K. Pollock
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hodgkin's Disease in Patients Over Sixty Years Old
Authors: MARY M. AUSTIN-SEYMOUR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Fifty-two patients 60 to 75 years of age were treated for Hodgkin's disease at Stanford University between 1968 and 1980. Adequate staging was defined as including a lymphogram and staging laparotomy for stage I to III and a positive bone marrow or liver biopsy or other evidence of diffuse involvement of extralymphatic tissues for stage IV. Adequate treatment was defined as subtotal lymphoid irradiation for pathologic stages I to MA; total lymphoid irradiation for stages IIB to IIIA; and chemotherapy with or without irradiation for stages IIIB to IV. Twenty-four patients (46%) had advanced disease (IIIB to IV). Those patients who received appropriate treatment had a median survival of only 39 months. Of the 28 patients with limited disease (I to IIIA), 15 had laparotomy and adequate treatment. Thirteen did not have a laparotomy and 7 were treated with involved-field irradiation. The 5-year survival rate in the laparotomy-staged and adequately treated group was 86%, but in the clinically staged group, only 35% (p = 0.006).
Maintaining Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Activity Is Critical for mTOR Kinase Inhibitors to Inhibit Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Junghui Koo, Ping Yue, Anthony A. Gal, Fadlo R. Khuri, Shi-Yong Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

mTOR kinase inhibitors that target both mTORC1 and mTORC2 are being evaluated in cancer clinical trials. Here, we report that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is a critical determinant for the therapeutic response to this class of experimental drugs. Pharmacologic inhibition of GSK3 antagonized their suppressive effects on the growth of cancer cells similarly to genetic attenuation of GSK3. Conversely, expression of a constitutively activated form of GSK3β sensitized cancer cells to mTOR inhibition. Consistent with these findings, higher basal levels of GSK3 activity in a panel of human lung cancer cell lines correlated with more efficacious responses. Mechanistic investigations showed that mTOR kinase inhibitors reduced cyclin D1 levels in a GSK3β-dependent manner, independent of their effects on suppressing mTORC1 signaling and cap binding. Notably, selective inhibition of mTORC2 triggered proteasome-mediated cyclin D1 degradation, suggesting that mTORC2 blockade is responsible for GSK3-dependent reduction of cyclin D1. Silencing expression of the ubiquitin E3 ligase FBX4 rescued this reduction, implicating FBX4 in mediating this effect of mTOR inhibition. Together, our findings define a novel mechanism by which mTORC2 promotes cell growth, with potential implications for understanding the clinical action of mTOR kinase inhibitors.
Normal Blood Pressure in the Superficial Venous System of Man at Rest in the Supine Position
Authors: ALTON OCHSNER, RALPH COLP, G. E. BURCH
Journal: Circulation (1951)

The mean and range of venous pressure values in the various body surface areas is presented. Attention is directed to the variability of these values, the constantly decreasing pressure gradient towards the heart, and the essentially equal pressures in corresponding veins on opposite sides of the body. The importance of accurately identifying the vein is emphasized. The relation of venous pressure to age, sex, race and other physiologic factors is commented upon.
PHASE 1 SINGLE AND MULTIPLE ASCENDING DOSE STUDY OF CAT-2003, A NOVEL ACTIVATOR OF LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE, DEMONSTRATES REDUCTIONS IN POSTPRANDIAL TRIGLYCERIDES
Authors: Joanne Donovan, Richard Dunbar, Lucasz Biernat, Douglas Logan, Michael Curtis, Maria Mancini, Michael Jirousek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)