tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical usefulness of estimation of serum fructosamine concentration as a screening test for diabetes mellitus.
Authors: J R Baker, J P O'Connor, P A Metcalf, M R Lawson, R N Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Fructosamine, a putative measure of serum glycosylated proteins, was measured in 74 subjects referred for oral glucose tolerance tests. A normal range (mean (2 SD] of 1.6 (0.4) mmol/l (40(10) mg/100 ml) derive from results obtained in 83 healthy non-diabetic volunteers permitted the detection of 15 out of 17 (88%) subjects with proved diabetes and yielded only five (9%) false positive diagnoses. Fructosamine concentrations correlated significantly (p less than 0.001) with fasting plasma glucose concentrations (r = 0.76) and glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations (r = 0.70). A longitudinal study suggested that fructosamine concentration was an index of intermediate term (one to three weeks) blood glucose control. Fructosamine concentration was not related to uraemia and did not depend on albumin or total protein concentrations, provided that serum albumin concentrations remained above 30 g/l. Estimation of fructosamine concentrations is a fully automated procedure and may provide a simple means of screening for diabetes mellitus.
NHS profiles. Duncan Nichol: view from the apex. Interview by Richard Smith.
Authors: D Nichol
Journal: BMJ (1990)

RS: Can you paint me a picture of how the NHS might look in five years' time?DN: What we've put into place is a management framework, and what's important is what that framework delivers not how it functions.It will be judged by its ability to deliver improvements in health to local populations.The crucial question is whether ... it's tough to get people to think differently after 40years ofone kind ofbehaviour.RS: You say that the shape ofthe health service will look and feel very different five years from now.Might it also be different in one area compared with another?DN: What the different areas will have in common is that they are looking after populations.But differences may arise because of different local priorities and differences in where they are starting from.Local health authorities may seek to produce a different balance between primary and secondary care.RS: Do you think that the new authorities are going to take health.and prevention more seriously than their predecessors have over the past 40 years?DN: There is evidence now that family health services authorities are taking prevention more seriously.As a result of the new general practitioner contract we are
Phase II Trial of Induction Gemcitabine and Carboplatin Followed by Conformal Thoracic Radiation to 74 Gy with Weekly Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Unresectable Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gerold Bepler, Thomas J. Dilling, Henry Wagner, Todd Hazelton, Charles Williams, Dung-Tsa Chen, Harvey Greenberg, Frank Walsh, George Simon, Tawee Tanvetyanon, Alberto Chiappori, Eric Haura, Craig Stevens
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Acute renal failure after ecstasy.
Authors: I. H. Fahal, D. F. Sallomi, M. Yaqoob, G. M. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1992)

We report on a probably new form of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) with an X linked inheritance pattern. Eight males were affected in the same family. We were able to examine three adult patients and we studied the skeletal radiological aspect of one of these patients at 2 years 6 months and at 9 years of age. The main clinical features are severe short trunked dwarfism, brachydactyly, normal facies, and normal intelligence. Radiologically, the diaphyses of all the long bones are short and broad. The epiphyses of the distal portion of the femora and those of the proximal and distal portions of the tibia are embedded in their metaphyses and there is marked narrowing of the intercondylar groove. There is moderate platyspondyly. Several vertebrae show an anterior tongue in infancy and severe irregularities of the upper and lower surfaces are present in adulthood. The 11th or 12th thoracic vertebra is wedge shaped. The pelvis is narrow. The distal ulnae and fibulae are disproportionately long. The hands show radial deviation and brachydactyly is present in the hands and feet. This X linked SEMD was not detectable at birth.
Worsening of Neurocardiogenic Syncope by Beta-Blockers
Authors: Mayer Y. Rashtain
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 November 1993Worsening of Neurocardiogenic Syncope by Beta-BlockersMayer Y. Rashtain, MD and Anil K. Bhandari, MDMayer Y. Rashtain, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Anil K. Bhandari, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Upright tilt test alone [1, 2] or in conjunction with the administration of exogenous catecholamines [3] has been used to provoke neurocardiogenic syncope in patients for whom -adrenergic blockers have been recommended as first-line treatment. We describe a patient with neurocardiogenic syncope in whom -adrenergic blockade increased the frequency of syncope and caused prolonged asystole on repeat head-up tilt test.A 37-year-old white man had a 30-year history of recurrent presyncope and syncope that occurred once or twice a year. After 20 minutes of head-up tilt at a 60-degree angle, the patient developed nausea, started yawning, and ...References1. Almquist A, Goldenberg IF, Milstein S, Chen MY, Chen XC, Hansen R, et al. Provocation of bradycardia and hypotension by isoproterenol and upright posture in patients with unexplained syncope. N Engl J Med. 1989; 320:346-51. Google Scholar2. Sra JS, Anderson AJ, Sheikh SH, Avitall B, Tchou PJ, Gilbert CJ, et al. Unexplained syncope evaluated by electrophysiologic studies and head-up tilt testing. Ann Intern Med. 1991; 114:1013-9. Google Scholar3. Waxman MB, Yao L, Cameron DA, Wald RW, Roseman J. Isoproterenol induction of vasodepressor-type reaction in vasodepressor-prone persons. Am J Cardiol. 1989; 63:58-65. Google Scholar4. Dangovian MI, Jarandilla R, Frumin H. Prolonged asystole during head-up tilt table testing after blockade. PACE. 1992; 15:14-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mayer Y. Rashtain, MD; Anil K. Bhandari, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySalt supplement increases plasma volume and orthostatic tolerance in patients with unexplained syncope. 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9 Page: 955-956 Keywords Blood pressure Catecholamines Consciousness Heart Heart rate Nausea Reflexes Respiration Syncope Tachycardia ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Influence of mother's intestinal microbiota on gut colonization in the infant
Authors: Minna-Maija Grönlund, Łukasz Grześkowiak, Erika Isolauri, Seppo Salminen
Journal: Gut Microbes (2011)

The aim here was to elucidate the mother-infant association in the gut colonization of 1-6 month-old infants and to establish whether probiotics can influence this process. Fecal samples from 80 mother-infant pairs were analyzed at 1 month (mothers and infants) and 6 months (infants) by real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess bacterial numbers. This double-blind placebo-controlled trial involved 2 different probiotic combinations (1. Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Bifidobacterium longum and 2. Lactobacillus paracasei + Bifidobacterium longum) given to the mothers 2 months prior to and 2 months after delivery. Bifidobacterium bifidum colonization in the mothers significantly increased the infants' probability of being colonized by B. bifidum and their bifidobacterial diversity indexes (DI) and the mother-infant similarity indexes (SI) both at 1 and 6 months of age. The counts of Bifidobacterium genus (at 1 month) and Bifidobacterium longum (at 6 months) correlated between mothers and infants. At 6 months, a significant effect of the probiotic intervention was found in the mother-infant association of fecal bifidobacterial counts but not in the colonization frequencies, DI or SI. In conclusion, a clear association between mother and infant was found in gut colonization by bifidobacteria. Maternal colonization by B. bifidum had the most consistent effects on the infant's bifidobacterial microbiota. Maternal probiotic treatment had little effect on this mother-infant association.
Agnes Is Counting
Authors: Richard Donze
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P6-06-39: Chest wall invasion is a more significant prognostic factor than nodal spread, triple-negative or Her2 receptor status in stage III breast cancer: A large, single institution retrospective analysis
Authors: KC Ansley, KG Batten, SM Singel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background There is a significant variation in response to systemic treatment in stage III breast cancer that is not explained by hormone/Her2 receptor status alone. Identification of additional prognostic factors is needed to further stratify patients for additional treatment. According to the National Cancer Data Base, patients with stage IIIB breast cancer, characterized by having direct chest wall involvement regardless of lymph node spread, have a worse prognosis than patients with stage IIIC breast cancer, generally with significant lymph node involvement (41% vs. 49% 5-year overall survival). We hypothesized that chest wall invasion is an independent prognostic factor and may be more significant than regional nodal spread, triple-negative or Her2 -receptor status, or ethnicity. Methods Our retrospective study included 135 patients with stage IIIB or IIIC breast cancer seen at a large county hospital in Dallas, TX between 2008 and 2013. Patients were stratified into two groups based on whether they had chest wall invasion (T4) or not. Cases of inflammatory breast cancer (T4d) were excluded. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, the Log-Rank test, univariate and multivariate methods were used for statistical analysis. We evaluated the effects of chest wall involvement, ethnicity, and hormone receptor/Her2 status on overall survival. Results In patients with stage III breast cancer, those with chest wall invasion (T4) have a significantly decreased 5-year overall survival (OS) compared to patients with significant regional nodal spread (N3) (62% vs. 81%, p = 0.022, HR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1-4.9). Univariate analysis of hormone receptor, Her2 status, African-American or Hispanic ethnicity, the presence of chest wall involvement, and significant regional lymph node involvement (N3 disease or not) showed that ER receptor status and the presence of chest wall involvement were the only significant prognostic factors (p = 0.006 and p = 0.022, respectively). Notably, the combination of ER-negativity and the presence of chest wall invasion predicts for worse prognosis than either alone (p = 0.0011, HR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.2). Conclusion and Discussion Chest wall invasion was an independent predictor for decreased overall survival in stage III breast cancer. This could explain in part why patients with stage IIIB breast cancer have worse overall survival than patients with stage IIIC. There may be an intrinsic biological difference between breast cancer cells that directly invade surrounding chest wall and those that have nodal spread as the main route of metastasis. An inflammatory component in those with chest wall invasion may allow these tumors to be more aggressive and additional research is needed to target potential genes for therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-06-39.
Sicklemia: To Screen or Not to Screen
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Erythrocyte sickling is a common genetic disorder among the black population of the United States. Sickle cell anemia results when the hemoglobin is all of the sickle type (SS). Also, when S hemoglobin is linked with another abnormal hemoglobin (as in S-thalassemia or SC) disease, though less dreadful, results. By far most frequent is the condition in which S hemoglobin is linked with normal hemoglobin— AS, the sickle cell trait. Understandably, these hereditable disorders have increasingly troubled the national conscience during the past few years. Mass screening programs are in progress to discover SS disease in neonates so that they can be "protected" insofar as possible and to discover the AS disorder in young adults so that they can be "counseled." Efforts to discover the sickle cell trait have elicited mixed emotions among the population at risk. Some have issued denunciations on the grounds that the whole thing is a
The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor kinase inhibitor NVP-AEW541 induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells exhibiting autocrine insulin-like growth factor-I secretion
Authors: P L Tazzari, G Tabellini, R Bortul, V Papa, C Evangelisti, T Grafone, G Martinelli, J A McCubrey, A M Martelli
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Defective Transport Is a Common Mechanism of Acquired Methotrexate Resistance in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Is Associated With Decreased Reduced Folate Carrier Expression
Authors: Richard Gorlick, Erdem Goker, Tanya Trippett, Peter Steinherz, Yaroslav Elisseyeff, Madhu Mazumdar, Wayne F. Flintoff, Joseph R. Bertino
Journal: Blood (1997)
Acute Aortic Dissection Related to Crack Cocaine
Authors: Priscilla Y. Hsue, Cynthia L. Salinas, Ann F. Bolger, Neal L. Benowitz, David D. Waters
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Although single case reports have described acute aortic dissection in relation to cocaine use, this condition is not widely recognized, and the features of cocaine-related aortic dissection have not been defined. Methods and Results — We reviewed all available hospital charts from 1981 to 2001 with the ICD-9 diagnosis of aortic dissection. Among the 38 cases of acute aortic dissection, 14 (37%) were related to cocaine use. Crack cocaine was smoked in 13 cases and powder cocaine was snorted in 1 case. The mean interval between cocaine use and the onset of symptoms was 12 hours (range, 0 to 24). Patients with cocaine-related dissection were much younger and more likely to undergo surgery compared with patients with aortic dissection without cocaine use. Most in the cocaine group were black, with a history of untreated hypertension. However, the two groups did not differ in other respects, including dissection type. Conclusions — In an inner city population, acute aortic dissection in the setting of crack cocaine use is common, presumably as a consequence of abrupt, transient, severe hypertension and catecholamine release. This diagnosis should be considered in cocaine users with severe chest pain.
Sleep, dreaming, and brain activation
Authors: Carlo Franzini
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Both Solms and Nielsen acknowledge the difficulty of accounting for the similarities between REM and NREM sleep mentation with a two-generator model, and each link dreams, either explicitly (Solms) or implicitly (Nielsen), to brain activation. At present, however, no data indicate that brain activation can be demonstrated whenever vivid dream reports are obtained. [Nielsen; Solms]
Indian doctor in protest after using Viagra to save "blue babies"
Authors: S. Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A doctor who gave the anti-impotence drug sildenafil (Viagra) to three newborn babies with pulmonary hypertension has caused a controversy over the unauthorised use of the drug.

In what may be the first such case in India, the babies were given Viagra orally at the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, a private charitable trust, at Kochi, Kerala, in May and June.

Standard intensive treatment had failed, and Viagra was given in a situation described as “life threatening” by APS Krishnan, vice president …
Dihydrocodeine
Authors: Joachim S. Gravenstein, Gene M. Smith, Raymond D. Sphire, James P. Isaacs, Henry K. Beecher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

DIHYDROCODEINE and dihydroisocodeine are hydrogenated derivatives of codeine and isocodeine. Eddy and Small1 investigated the toxicity and analgesic potency of the two isomers in animals. As with codeine, both drugs in mice and rabbits produced initial Central-nervous-system depression. The doses required were smaller than those for codeine. A further increase in the dosage of dihydrocodeine resulted in convulsions. Dihydroisocodeine in large dosage did not produce convulsions at all. Analgesic potency was measured in cats by the tail-pressure method. Both dihydroisocodeine and dihydrocodeine produced greater analgesia than codeine, milligram for milligram. These agents were thus candidates for clinical trial.In the . . .
The effect of flexible low glycemic index dietary advice versus measured carbohydrate exchange diets on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1137–1143
Authors: HR Gilbertson, JC Brand-Miller, AW Thorburn, S Evans, P Chondros, GA Werther
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Gilbertson HR, Brand-Miller
Book: Allowing Dignity in Death
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Dave Moor

Privately published ISBN 0 9540799 0 6

Copies available at £10 each including postage from Michael Irwin, 15 Hovedene, Cromwell Road, Hove, East Sussex BN3 3EH

Rating: 

In 1999, Dr David Moor was tried for murder and acquitted. He was accused of abusing the doctrine of “double effect” (which allows a doctor to administer drugs to relieve pain and suffering, even though the dose used may hasten death). But before you summon up thoughts of another Harold Shipman, think again. Moor was arrested for providing good …
Reappraisal of Metformin Efficacy in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Rémy Boussageon, Irène Supper, Theodora Bejan-Angoulvant, Nadir Kellou, Michel Cucherat, Jean-Pierre Boissel, Behrouz Kassai, Alain Moreau, François Gueyffier, Catherine Cornu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Catherine Cornu and colleagues performed a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of metformin efficacy on cardiovascular morbidity or mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and showed that although metformin is considered the gold standard, its benefit/risk ratio remains uncertain.
Thorax: the lean and slippered Pantaloon years
Authors: Andrew Bush, Ian Pavord
Journal: Thorax (2014)

Having sadly run out of Adrian Mole book titles, we move from the Prostate Years to Shakespeare's sixth age of man—and by this time next year, with our successors in place, we will truly be in our second childishness and mere oblivion, sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste (not a lot to lose there), sans everything—although perhaps our detractors will say we are in the seventh age already. So this will be our last New Year message, but not our last fling—as with our predecessors, we will be writing a final valedictory editorial in the summer, but unlike them, we will use it to pay off old scores. ‘We have a little list’—aka the Sir Arthur Sullivan's Major General—wait and see if you are on it, …
Subfecundity and neonatal mortality: longitudinal study within the Danish national birth cohort
Authors: Olga Basso, J⊘rn Olsen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

review of the safety of SSRIs.No members of the expert working group have financial interests in any of the companies that hold marketing authorisations for SSRIs.The MHRA funded the study and professional staff at the MHRA, including JM and LW, have been acting as secretariat to or observers on the expert working group's review.Neither JM nor LW have any personal financial interests in any drug product.DG, JC, and DA are members of the MHRA's expert working group on the safety of SSRIs, and DA is a member of the Committee on Safety of Medicines.They act as
AIDS and Infections of Homosexual Men
Authors: Jerry D. Smilack
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We have seen tremendous advances in our knowledge of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The viral etiology has been proved beyond any shadow of a doubt, much of the public hysteria has abated, new approaches to diagnosis of and therapy for opportunistic infections have emerged, and prevention of some of those infections has become a reality. In the AIDS era, too, we often forget that sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain serious personal and public health problems. It is important to recall that fear of AIDS may only temporarily dissuade promiscuity, and that STDs could well return to or surpass levels seen in the 1970s.  This second edition of AIDS and Infections of Homosexual Men provides an opportunity to bring us up-to-date. It is really two books in one. The first half addresses homosexually transmitted infections—for example, chlamydial proctitis, intestinal parasitic infection, hepatitis B, and syphilis. A chapter on cryptosporidiosis has