tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
WHAT CONSTITUTES TRUE CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN MEDICAL PRACTICE AND ITS RELATIONS TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH?
Authors: N. S. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Clinical experience is to be regarded as the knowledge gained by a direct study of diseases or morbid processes, including their causes, symptoms, progress, natural tendencies and results, and the actual influence of remedies in arresting, modifying them or shortening their duration. If this is correct, it must be obvious that the value or reliability of our clinical experience will depend directly upon the extent and accuracy of knowledge of the nature and modes of action of the causes of disease, the natural tendencies and results of each disease or group of morbid processes, and the actual mode of action of each remedy used in the treatment of such processes. In other words, the clinical experience of members of the profession will be reliable, just in proportion to their knowledge of etiology, pathology and therapeutics. It was not until the last fifty or seventy-five years that organic and physiologic chemistry
First Spanish HIV vaccine proves safe in phase I trials
Authors: A. Iriberri
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The first Spanish prototype of a vaccine against HIV has proved to be safe in a small phase I trial conducted in healthy volunteers in Madrid and Barcelona. Although the first phase is intended only to test the safety of the compound, which is known as MVA-B, the study has also shown a good immunological response among the participants.

The vaccine uses a poxvirus (modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)) as a vector to insert the combination of four HIV genes.

Thirty healthy volunteers participated in the new phase I clinical trial, named RISVAC02 ( Vaccine doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.098. Twenty four received MVA-B (three injections in weeks 0, 4, and 16 of the trial) and the other six a placebo. …
A Case of Atrophy of the Optic Nerves Treated by Hypodermic Injections of Nitrate of Pilocarpine
Authors: D. McKeown
Journal: BMJ (1884)

Now 8, 1884.9R quarter-off, and A°w ith great difficulty; tje Atral, dorneal .opacity,was small, with a delicate haze around which was diminishing.There *as little or no injection .and the patient stated sh was-more com-z fortable than she had been for years.An artificial pupil may be re- quired at a later date, The cauteries, which I have used and recommend,:are of different shapes.Those for conical cornea are modifieations -of WordsWorth's needle, with.theend like a stop-needle used in the division of cata-
Gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in hypergastrinaemic duodenal ulcer disease.
Authors: M Coupe, H Rees, C J Springer, A E Bishop, J A Morris, J M Polak, J Calam
Journal: Gut (1990)

Patients with hypergastrinaemic duodenal ulcer disease were studied to determine whether chronic moderate hypergastrinaemia produces hyperplasia of gastric enterochromaffin-like cells in man. Eight patients had peak postprandial plasma gastrin concentrations greater than 200 pmol/l, which is the 92nd percentile for patients with duodenal ulcer disease in this laboratory. The control group was eight patients with duodenal ulcers whose peak postprandial gastrin concentrations were less than 200 pmol/l. Basal and peak postprandial plasma gastrin concentrations were 107 (37) and 306 (66) pmol/l (mean (SEM] respectively in the hypergastrinaemic patients compared with 26 (4) and 137 (14) pmol/l respectively in the controls. There was no significant difference in the density of gastrin enterochromaffin-like cells between the two groups. The number of enterochromaffin-like cells per high power field was 53 (8) in the hypergastrinaemic patients compared with 50 (8) in the controls. We conclude that chronic moderate hypergastrinaemia does not produce hyperplasia of enterochromaffin-like cells in man. Our hypergastrinaemic group had plasma gastrin concentrations similar to, or greater than those reported during treatment with drugs such as omeprazole and histamine H2 receptor blockers.
Public Health in Haiti — Challenges and Progress
Authors: Scott F. Dowell, Jordan W. Tappero, Thomas R. Frieden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

It has been a year since the earthquake of January 12, 2010, devastated the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere. Piles of rubble remaining throughout the Haitian capital and a devastating cholera epidemic provide stark reminders of the challenges that arise in the absence of the infrastructure and institutions that most of us take for granted. Strong public health systems are essential for maintaining and improving health and well-being. Fortunately, progress has been made in public health during the past year, which should encourage those who hoped that tackling the challenges of an unprecedented disaster could lead to long-term improvements . . .
Severe acute respiratory syndrome: Capture-recapture method should be used to count how many cases of SARS really exist
Authors: J. H Lange
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Parry suggested that the epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is beginning to slow.1 This is probably true as cold and influenza viruses naturally dissipate during the summer (nonflu season2). This observed reduction would include the coronaviruses, which have been estimated to result in around 30% of the reported …
Gallium Scanning in Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: MARK J. TENENZAPF, SHIRISH THANAWALA, EDDY K. DUNN, NATHAN A. SOLOMON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

TENENZAPF, MARK J. M.D.; THANAWALA, SHIRISH M.D.; DUNN, EDDY K. M.D.; SOLOMON, NATHAN A. M.D. Author Information
Report Of Fifth Series of Fifty Cases of Ovariotomy
Authors: T. Keith
Journal: BMJ (1878)

I H-AVE, again to record a diminishing mortality after ovariotomy.In the first series of fifty cases, there were i deaths ; in the second, 8 in the third, 8 in the fourth, 6 ; in the fifth, 4.Of the four fatal cases, two died comatose, with suppression of urine, within thirty hours after operation ; two died from blood-poison.One was a case of tumour Of 5 3 lbs., complicated by a large fibroid uterus.I unwisely removed a pediculated portion of the fibroid, which seemed to be much in the way.A drainage-tube was put in behind the tumour in the pelvis.The tube was displaced, probably as the patient was moved into bed.No serum escaped by it ; and a fatal result happened in a case that proniised to do well.I have no hesitation in saying that ea'rlier opera- tion would have saved the other three, for they were originally healthy women.
It can happen here
Authors: T. R. Reiff
Journal: JAMA (1978)

SOME recent cost-saving initiative suggestions from the Health Care Finance Administration, a newly created agency of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare that operates Medicare, Medicaid, and the Professional Standards Review Organization, contain chilling implications. These can be compared with ethical abuses by other governments that resulted in life termination when fiscal rather than medically ethical considerations became the determinant of life-sustaining or life-withdrawal activities.  I hereby make a plea for the health professions to be advocates for increasing rather than decreasing resources devoted to health and medical care.  In an internal memorandum 1 dated June 4, 1977, from the administrator of the Health Care Financing Administration to the Secretary of HEW for use in a budget meeting with the President of the United States, a number of chilling suggestions were prepared that would produce both Federal and system-wide savings in health expenditures.  In addition to some partially reasonable proposals
Loss of juxtaposition of RAG-induced immunoglobulin DNA ends is implicated in the precursor B-cell differentiation defect in NBS patients
Authors: Mirjam van der Burg, Malgorzata Pac, Magdalena A. Berkowska, Bozenna Goryluk-Kozakiewicz, Anna Wakulinska, Bozenna Dembowska-Baginska, Hanna Gregorek, Barbara H. Barendregt, Malgorzata Krajewska-Walasek, Ewa Bernatowska, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Krystyna H. Chrzanowska, Anton W. Langerak
Journal: Blood (2010)
Surgeon General’s Prevention Priorities Dovetail With Health Care Reform Law
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF TRANSRADIAL VERSUS TRANSFEMORAL APPROACH FOR PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND KILLIP CLASS III OR IV
Authors: Kwang Soo Cha, Jinhee Ahn, Jin Hee Kim, Jin Sup Park, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Hyok Oh, Jung Hyun Choi, Han Cheol Lee, Taek Jong Hong, Myung Ho Jeong, Youngkeun Ahn, Shung Chull Chae, Young Jo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Factor VIII--related protein on vascular intima of patients with chronic renal failure and prolonged bleeding times.
Authors: G Remuzzi, T Bertani, G Mecca, M B Donati, G de Gaetano
Journal: BMJ (1978)

To determine whether the prolonged bleeding time so common to chronic renal failure (CRF) was due to defective factor VIII-related activities, as in von Willebrand's disease, vascular-factor VIII-related protein was measured in patients with CRF. Factor VIII-related protein was detected by immunofluorescence on the vascular intima of all 13 patients with CRF and greatly prolonged bleeding times. This protein was also present on the vascular intima of a patient with CRF and moderate von Willebrand's disease. These findings support a previous suggestion that the disturbed haemostasis in patients with CRF is not linked to defective factor VIII-related activities.
Reframing Federalism — The Affordable Care Act (and Broccoli) in the Supreme Court
Authors: Wendy K. Mariner, Leonard H. Glantz, George J. Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the individual insurance mandate of the ACA but struck down the requirement that states expand Medicaid programs in order to receive federal Medicaid funds. The authors discuss the implications of this important decision.
False-negative results by enzyme-linked immunospot assay for interferon-γ among patients with culture-confirmed tuberculosis
Authors: C.H. Liao, C.C. Lai, C.K. Tan, C.H. Chou, H.L. Hsu, T.H. Tasi, Y.T. Huang, P.R. Hsueh
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
Oral health in China – trends and challenges
Authors: De‐yu Hu, Xiao Hong, Xue Li
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

For a long time, oral disease is one of the major problems of the public health for its high prevalence and incidence throughout the world, which is especially true for low‐income populations. Since China's economic reform in 1978, great changes have taken place in China. These changes have significant impact on and have been reflected in oral disease trends in China. This paper provides an overview and assessment of the oral health status in China. It focuses on changes in the nation's demographic profile, in the marketplace, the oral disease status and trends. The paper also suggests some possible measures and strategies for bettering oral health in future China.
POISONING BY PRIMULA OBCONICA.
Authors: E. A. SWEET
Journal: JAMA (1907)

While so much is being written of the dermatitis caused by the brown tail moth and other agents, a narration of the following case may be of slight interest: The patient was Mrs. R., 59, married, the mother of four children. While in attendance for an attack which proved to be appendicitis, I noticed a suffusion of the face and made inquiry thereto. She gave a history of having suffered from a most obstinate dermatitis for three years, with occasional exacerbations and remissions. Itching and burning were intolerable and at times a severe conjunctivitis was also present. She had consulted various physicians, together with one or two specialists, and had persistently followed the usual course of treatment with salines, ointments, and alteratives, until finally some one had introduced her to the term "dyscrasia," which she had seized avidiously, becoming resigned to her fate. Accompanying her husband on his annual trips
44. Combination of Oncolytic Measles Virus Strains and Radiation Therapy Has Synergistic Activity in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Chunsheng Liu, Jann N. Sarkaria, Cory Allen, Paula J. Zollman, C. David James, Stephen J. Russell, Evanthia Galanis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Background: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the most frequent primary brain tumor in adults, is one of the most lethal malignancies with a median survival of 12-16 months. We have previously shown that oncolytic measles virus derivatives expressing soluble human carcinoembryonic antigen (MV-CEA) have significant antitumor activity against GBM cell lines and xenografts. Here we tested the hypothesis that the combination of RT with MV-CEA would have synergistic activity against gliomas. Methods: MTS (Promega) and clonogenic assays were performed in U87 and U251glioma cell lines (ATCC) to assess the impact of the different treatment modalities on cell proliferation and survival. One-step viral growth curves, Western blots to assess expression of viral proteins, TUNEL assays, immunostaining for Fas/caspase-8 and western immunobloting for caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP were employed to investigate the mechanism of the synergistic interaction between MV-CEA and RT in GBM cell lines. Results: MTS and clonogenic assays revealed a synergistic interaction between MV-CEA and RT in GBM cells. The optimal combination index for the RT/MV-CEA combination was 0.524 for U87 (0.01MOI/10GY) and 0.529 for U251 (0.05MOI/7.5GY), indicating strong synergy. Morphologic changes of U251 and U87 cells in response to the combination treatment demonstrated significant augmentation of cytopathic effect. In clonogenic assays, colony formation was significantly decreased in the MV-CEA/RT group as compared to either MV-CEA or RT alone. One-step viral growth curves demonstrated increased MV-CEA propagation by at least 2 logs in MV-CEA/RT combination treated cells, as compared to glioma cells treated with single agent MV-CEA. Changes in CEA levels and expression of viral N protein were also consistent with viral titer changes. TUNEL staining showed increased positivity in RT/MV-CEA group as compared to MV-CEA or RT alone. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated an increase in activated caspase-8, caspase-3 and PARP expression levels after combination treatment. The pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK completely protected cells from MV/RT induced cleavage of PARP, while the caspase-8 inhibitor (Z-IETD-FMK) partially protected glioma cells from MV-CEA/RT induced cleavage of PARP, and the caspase-9 inhibitor Z-IEHD-FMK showed no protection. Conclusions: Our results indicate that there is significant synergy between MV-CEA and RT in vitro. The synergistic effect of the combination appears to be due to increased viral bust size and increase in apoptotic death. This latter effect is mostly mediated via the extrinsic caspase 8 pathway. Experiments in primary glioma lines and animal experiments are ongoing. These results could have immediate translational implications in glioma therapy.
Is risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients in Britain increased if sexual partners came from United States or Africa?
Authors: V Beral, D Bull, H Jaffe, B Evans, N Gill, H Tillett, A J Swerdlow
Journal: BMJ (1991)

To determine whether the risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS is increased by sexual contact with groups from abroad with a high incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma.Analysis of risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS, according to country of origin of their sexual partners.United Kingdom.2830 patients with AIDS reported to the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre and the Communicable Disease (Scotland) Unit up to March 1990, of whom 566 had Kaposi's sarcoma.Percentage of patients with AIDS who had Kaposi's sarcoma.537 of 2291 homosexual or bisexual men (23%) with AIDS had Kaposi's sarcoma; 10% (14/135) of the men and women who acquired HIV by heterosexual contact had Kaposi's sarcoma. None of the 316 subjects who acquired HIV through non-sexual routes had Kaposi's sarcoma. Kaposi's sarcoma was more common among homosexual men whose likely source of infection included the United States (171/551, 31%) or Africa (9/34, 26%) than among those infected in the United Kingdom (119/625, 19%) (p less than 0.05).The data suggest that Kaposi's sarcoma is caused by a sexually transmissible agent which was introduced into the British homosexual population mainly from the United States [corrected].
Toxic shock syndrome. A newly recognized complication of influenza and influenzalike illness
Authors: Kristine L. MacDonald, Michael T. Osterholm, Craig W. Hedberg, Christian G. Schrock, Garry F. Peterson, Jeffrey M. Jentzen, Stanley A. Leonard, Patrick M. Schlievert
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Nine cases of severe hypotension or death compatible with toxic shock syndrome (TSS) as a complication of influenza and influenzalike illness were identified in Minnesota with onsets between Jan 2, 1986, and Feb 23, 1986, in which five of the patients died. During this time, an influenza outbreak was occurring in the state. Cultures of respiratory secretions were performed in eight patients; Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from all of them. Seven S aureus isolates were available for determination of exotoxin production; five isolates produced toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, one produced enterotoxin B, and one produced both. Acute influenza B infection was confirmed in three of four patients for whom throat cultures or acute and convalescent serum samples were available. Two patients fulfilled the Centers for Disease Control-confirmed case definition for TSS. Four additional patients fulfilled the CDC criteria for a probable case of TSS, and TSS was a likely diagnosis in the remaining three patients. The initial presentation was suggestive of nonsuppurative tracheitis or viral pneumonia in eight patients. In the remaining patient, the initial clinical presentation was compatible with staphylococcal pneumonia. This report demonstrates that TSS can occur as a complication of influenza and influenzalike illness.
LESSONS FROM A FIRST SERIES OF ONE HUNDRED CATARACT OPERATIONS.
Authors: F. T. ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Dr. Kelly, closing the discussion--In anastomosing the ureter in the bladder I follow one of two plans.I either bring the ureter in opposition with the vesical opening by using one of my guides, or I draw the ureter well into the bladder by means of a pair of alligator forceps suggested by Sänger for this pmrpose.The forceps are inserted through the urethra, and then through the bladder wall, and so used to pull the ureter into the bladder, when it is held and sutured there.I have a guide on the end of the forceps, in the form of a long tongue, which projects into the ureteral lumen, thus prevent- ing any contraction of the ureter.The statistics are so meager that it is desirable to have all cases recorded, and I am sure there are many.
Psychiatry in Contemporary Greece
Authors: PETER HARTOCOLLIS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

Although belief in demons and the evil eye as the cause of mental illness is still prevalent among Greeks of all social strata, a conscientious effort is being made by professionals in that country to change psychiatric institutions from custodial to treatment centers. In comparison with other medical specialties, however, psychiatry is underdeveloped, both professionally and academically. The author emphasizes the need for systematic epidemiological research, which has received only cursory attention.
The Crypto Post-Op Pizza
Authors: Harry S. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —My patient is a 14-year-old boy who had an appendectomy and was discharged from the hospital on the second day after his operation. On the morning of his fourth postoperative day, I received a call from the patient's mother, who claimed that her son was very sick. On readmission to the hospital, I found him in distress with signs and symptoms of partial small-bowel obstruction, which was confirmed by roentgenogram. Intravenous fluids were started, but just prior to insertion of a nasogastric tube, I was called away. On my return, 20 minutes later, I was surprised to see that the patient's condition had improved markedly, which he attributed to the recent passage of a large amount of feces and flatus. A nasogastric tube was not inserted, and, by the following day, the patient was asymptomatic and was discharged from the hospital. I heard nothing further from him
Drugs in the Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: J. Pierre Loebel
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I would like to underscore a point made in the editorial<sup>1</sup>on the article by Beers et al<sup>2</sup>and to draw a conclusion that has not been remarked on. Beers et al have made an important contribution to the growing literature on prescribing practices in long-term care facilities. They discovered that among 850 residents of such facilities, 53% took psychoactive medications, 28% using sedatives/hypnotics; 26%, antipsychotics; and 14%, antidepressant agents. The implication that emerges from these tabulations, together with the authors' demonstration of poor correlations between psychiatric diagnoses and prescribed medications and their observations that the actual agents prescribed were not the optimal ones for this population, is that there is a reprehensible degree of polypharmaceutical mismanagement occurring. The editorial<sup>1</sup>appears to endorse this conclusion with the comment that "the study... inspires little confidence in prescribing practices in the long-term care setting." The
THE VACCINATION SCAR AS AN INDEX OF IMMUNITY
Authors: J. P. LEAKE
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The fact that "vaccination protects against smallpox and against itself" has been backed by such a mass of evidence that no practitioner of experience would attempt to question it. In the hundred and thirty years since Jenner's classic experiment, the value of vaccinia as a prophylaxis against smallpox has been demonstrated by clinical observation to the point at which we can count it scientifically proved. The fact that vaccination protects against itself has been recognized for practically as long a time owing to the inability of a person recently vaccinated to get a typical "take" on subsequent vaccination. It was not until Pirquet,<sup>1</sup>in 1906, demonstrated the neglected fact that this presumed nonsusceptibility was in reality the prompt reaction of an immunized individual that there was a fundamental observation on which to base a judgment as to the immune status of such an individual. It is hard to say,
GW25-e2334 Purification of Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible Protein GADD45 Alpha and its Expression in Human Platelet and Human Myocardial Tissue
Authors: Ye Yujia, Wang Haibo, Ye Qiufang, Ni Ruizhi, Meng Zhaohui
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)