tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erythrocyte enzyme activities in cord blood of extremely low-birth-weight infants
Authors: Yayoi Miyazono, Akira Hirono, Yasuyuki Miyamoto, Shiro Miwa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

To investigate the features of erythrocyte metabolism in extremely immature infants, we assayed 21 enzyme activities and glutathione level in cord erythrocytes from 28 extremely low-birth-weight infants (ELBWI; defined as birth weight <1,000 g). The results were compared with those from normal adults and non-neonatal reticulocyte-rich controls. Statistical analysis revealed that activities of six enzymes (glucosephosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate kinase, monophosphoglycerate mutase, enolase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and glutathione reductase) were significantly higher, and those of eight other enzymes (phosphofructokinase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glutathione peroxidase, adenylate kinase, adenosine deaminase, acetylcholinesterase, NADH methemoglobin reductase, and catalase) were lower in ELBWI taking their marked reticulocytosis into consideration. The 6PGD/G6PD ratio, which is consistently unchanged under various physiological and pathological conditions, was markedly reduced in ELBWI. Our results support the previous reports that neonatal erythrocytes have a unique metabolic pattern which is different from that of adult erythrocytes, and also suggest that the 6PGD/G6PD ratio might be an index for the developmental immaturity of fetal erythrocytes. This is the first report describing the pattern of erythrocyte enzyme activities in ELBWI. Am. J. Hematol 62:88–92, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Acute effect of low dose theophylline on the circulatory disturbances of cirrhosis.
Authors: E H Forrest, I A Bouchier, P C Hayes
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: Adenosine is a potent vasoactive substance that may be responsible for mediating the altered haemodynamics found in patients with cirrhosis. AIM: The administration of oral theophylline was used to investigate the effect of adenosine receptor antagonism upon the circulation of patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: Twenty eight patients were given oral theophylline and intravascular haemodynamic measurements obtained over approximately one hour. RESULTS: After 240 mg of oral theophylline elixir the hepatic venous pressure gradient mean fell from 21.8 (2.1) to 19.9 (2.4) mm Hg (p &lt; 0.01), and azygos blood flow fell from 481 (94) to 375 (83) ml/min (p &lt; 0.05). There were no changes in cardiac output or systemic vascular resistance despite a fall in mean arterial pressure (92.2 (2.0) to 89.2 (1.8) mm Hg; p &lt; 0.05) and a rise in heart rate (78.3 (3.0) to 82.4 (3.2); p &lt; 0.001). Left renal vein flow measured by a reverse thermodilution catheter rose from 387 (91) to 601 (119) ml/ min (p &lt; 0.05). The proportion of cardiac output perfusing the left kidney rose from 5.0 (1.3) to 9.7 (2.8)%. CONCLUSIONS: These changes indicate a significant role for adenosine in the renal vasoconstriction and a more minor role in the maintenance of portal hypertension.
Ulcerative colitis in the Jewish population of southern Israel 1961-1985: epidemiological and clinical study.
Authors: H S Odes, D Fraser, J Krawiec
Journal: Gut (1987)

The incidence of ulcerative colitis in the Jewish population of Southern Israel has increased in the period 1961-85 and is presently 5.8/10(5)/year. The mean annual incidence was significantly higher in European and American born (10.8/10(5)/year) than in Asian and African or Israeli born Jews. The disease was significantly more prevalent in women, who developed the illness at a younger age and had a milder course. The age adjusted prevalence rate in each population group was greater than the rates detected by earlier studies in other areas of the country (p less than 0.05). The prevalence rate in the total population now approximates the moderate to high prevalence rates of ulcerative colitis found in many other localities. The particularly high rates of ulcerative colitis in the European and American born population in Israel, in Jews residing in Western countries, and in certain non-Jewish populations in Great Britain and Northern Europe may imply the presence of a common aetiological mechanism.
Bioavailability and biotransformation of the mutagenic component of particulate emissions present in motor exhaust samples.
Authors: J J Vostal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The pharmacokinetic concepts of bioavailability and biotransformation are introduced into the assessment of public health risk from experimental data concerning the emissions of potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic substances from motor vehicles. The inappropriateness of an automatic application in the risk assessment process of analytical or experimental results, obtained with extracts and procedures incompatible with the biological environment, is illustrated on the discrepancy between short-term laboratory tests predictions that wider use of diesel engines on our roads will increase the risk of respiratory cancer and the widely negative epidemiological evidence. Mutagenic activity of diesel particulates was minimal or negative when tested in extracts obtained with biological fluids, was substantially dependent on the presence of nitroreductase in the microbial tester strain, and disappeared completely 48 hr after the diesel particles had been phagocytized by alveolar macrophages. Similarly, long-term animal inhalation exposures to high concentrations of diesel particles did not induce the activity of hydrocarbon metabolizing enzymes or specific adverse immune response unless organic solvent extracts of diesel particles were administered intratracheally or parenterally in doses that highly exceed the predicted levels of public exposure even by the year 2000. Furthermore, the suspected cancer producing effects of inhaled diesel particles have thus far not been verified by experimental animal models or available long-term epidemiological observations. It is concluded that unless the biological accessibility of the active component on the pollutant as well as its biotransformation and clearance by natural defense mechanisms are considered, lung cancer risk assessment based solely on laboratory microbial tests will remain an arbitrary and unrealistic process and will not provide meaningful information on the potential health hazard of a pollutant.
Maternal fatness and viability of preterm infants
Authors: A Lucas, R Morley, T J Cole, M F Bamford, A Boon, P Crowle, J F B Dossetor, R Pearse
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To investigate the effect of maternal fatness on the mortality of infants born preterm up to the corrected age of 18 months 795 mother-infant pairs were studied. Maternal fatness was defined by Quetelet9s index (weight/(height<sup>2</sup>)) and all infants weighed less than 1850 g at birth. In 771 mother-infant pairs maternal age, complications of pregnancy, mode of delivery, parity, social class, and the baby9s sex and gestation were analysed by a logistic regression model for associations with infant mortality (but deaths from severe congenital abnormalities and those occurring during the first 48 hours after birth were excluded). In a subgroup of 284 mother-infant pairs all infant deaths except those from severe congenital abnormalities were analysed in association with the infant9s birth weight and gestation and the mother9s height and weight; this second analysis included another 24 infants who had died within 48 hours after birth. In the first analysis mortality overall was 7% (55/771), rising from 4% (71/173) in thin mothers (Quetelet9s index &lt;20) to 15% (6/40) in mothers with grades II and III obesity (Quetelet9s index &gt;30). After adjusting for major demographic and antenatal factors, including serious complications of pregnancy, maternal fatness was second in importance only to length of gestation in predicting death of infants born preterm. In the second analysis mortality overall was 15% (44/284), rising from 9% (5/53) in thin mothers to 47% (8/17) in mothers with grades II and III obesity. In both analyses the relative risk of death by 18 months post-term was nearly four times greater in infants born to obese mothers than in those born to thin mothers. In addition, maternal fatness was associated with reduced birth weight, whereas it is associated with macrosomia in term infants. These data differ fundamentally from those reported in full term babies of obese mothers. It is speculated that the altered metabolic milieu in obesity may reduce the ability of the fetus to adapt to extrauterine life if it is born preterm.
Buddy's Final Colors
Authors: Richard Donze
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myocardial Expression of the Arginine:Glycine Amidinotransferase Gene Is Elevated in Heart Failure and Normalized After Recovery
Authors: Martin E. Cullen, Ada H.Y. Yuen, Leanne E. Felkin, Ryszard T. Smolenski, Jennifer L. Hall, Suzanne Grindle, Leslie W. Miller, Emma J. Birks, Magdi H. Yacoub, Paul J.R. Barton
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Combination therapy consisting of mechanical unloading using a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and pharmacological intervention can promote recovery from end-stage heart failure, but the mechanism is unknown. Preliminary microarray analysis revealed a significant and unexpected decrease in myocardial arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) gene expression during recovery in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and role of AGAT expression in heart failure and recovery. Methods and Results— We used quantitative real time (TaqMan) polymerase chain reaction to examine myocardial AGAT mRNA expression in implant and explant samples from recovering patients after combination therapy (n=12), end-stage heart failure (ESHF) samples from stable patients undergoing transplantation without LVAD support (n=10), and donor hearts with normal hemodynamic function (n=8). AGAT mRNA expression was significantly elevated in all heart failure patients relative to donors (4.3-fold [ P &lt;0.001] and 2.7-fold [ P &lt;0.005] in LVAD and ESHF relative to donors, respectively) and returned to normal levels after recovery. AGAT enzyme activity was detectable in both human and rat myocardia and was elevated in heart failure. Conclusions— Our data highlight local and potentially regulated expression of AGAT activity in the myocardium and suggest a specific response to heart failure involving elevated local creatine synthesis. These findings have implications both for the management of recovery patients undergoing combination therapy and for heart failure in general.
Fatal Occupational Injuries in the United States, 1980 Through 1985
Authors: Catherine A. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The National Traumatic Occupational Fatality surveillance project was designed to gather demographic, employment, and injury information from death certificates for all deaths due to injuries at work in the United States. Approximately 7000 workers have died each year during the 6-year period from 1980 through 1985: 94% were men, and 6% were women. Unintentional injuries caused the deaths of 83% of the men and 50% of the women. Eleven percent of the men and 39% of the women died from homicide. While the greatest number of deaths occurred in the group aged 20 through 34 years, fatality rates were highest among those aged 70 years and older. Expressed as deaths per 100,000 workers, annual fatality rates for black workers (7.7) were slightly higher than for white workers (6.5). The four industrial groups with the highest fatality rates were mining (31.9); transportation, communication, and public utilities (25.4); construction (24.0); and agriculture, forestry, and fishing (20.7). From 1980 through 1985 the annual traumatic occupational fatality rate fell 23%.
Sclerodermalike Esophageal Disease in Children of Mothers With Silicone Breast Implants-Reply
Authors: Jonathan A. Flick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I thank Dr Brody for confirming that, as reported in my Editorial, breast-feeding by silicone implant recipients is not advised in Europe and for clarifying the rationale behind this recommendation. Like other careful physicians, Brody appears to have reached a conclusion similar to mine; namely, that although preliminary reports such as that by Drs Levine and Ilowite<sup>1</sup>are concerning, the current data linking implants with disease in breast-fed children do not support a ban against breast-feeding by mothers with silicone implants.
Abstract 5229: Profiling of circulating miRNAs is a critical prognostic biomarker tool for high-risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Satish Kumar Ramraj, Vijayabaskar Pandian, Faizan H. Khan, Sheeja Aravindan, Terence S. Herman, Mohan Natarajan, Natarajan Aravindan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Circulating miRNAs has momentous clinical relevance and has been correlated with disease progression in many solid tumors. In this study, we investigated the circulating miRNAs' variations exploiting unique mouse models of non-metastatic favorable and high-risk, aggressive human neuroblastoma. Conditioned serum samples from animals bearing favorable or high-risk disease were examined for alterations in circulating miRNAs using whole genome human miRNA profiling approach. Serum from sham mice were used as mouse-background false-positive controls. Data after chip-to-chip normalization and mouse background subtraction were compared by adopting favorable-to-high-risk animal(s) crisscross analysis. Compared to favorable neuroblastoma, miRNA profiling revealed a significant (&amp;gt;2 fold) upregulation of 33 miRNAs and complete suppression of 42 miRNAs in animals with high-risk NB. Preferential exclusion of mouse miRNA with sequence homology blast revealed 11 (off 33 upregulated) unique human miRNA including miR-1261, miR-1268, miR-1280, miR-1304, miR-1308, miR-1908, miR-198, miR-513a-5p, miR-513b, miR-548h, miR-580. Consistently, homology blasting identified 13 (off 42 downregulated) miRNAs including, miR-1206, miR-548a-5p, miR-548f, miR-576-5p, miR-600, miR-639, miR-640, miR-641, miR-647, miR-662, miR-886-3p, miR-887, miR-888. Expression pattern of select miRNAs were validated using QPCR. Target analysis for these miRNAs revealed a signature pattern, mostly pertaining to stemness and tumor progression flow-through signaling viz., NKX3.2, MEGF10, GRB10, GPX8, ZEB1, SIX-1, ZIC2, MMP-2, SMAD4, KRAS, NFkB1, CD24, CD44. Together, these data identifies unique circulating miRNA signature of high-risk neuroblastoma and further implies that these miRNAs may play functional role in the progression of the disease. Citation Format: Satish Kumar Ramraj, Vijayabaskar Pandian, Faizan H. Khan, Sheeja Aravindan, Terence S. Herman, Mohan Natarajan, Natarajan Aravindan. Profiling of circulating miRNAs is a critical prognostic biomarker tool for high-risk neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5229. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5229
Double-Lumen Nasogastric Tubes
Authors: David S. Grauman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was most interested in the article by Greene et al<sup>1</sup>describing gastric ulceration as a complication of double-lumen nasogastric tubes. It is somewhat interesting that all of the reported cases were noted at autopsy. At our institution, the double-lumen tubes have been in almost exclusive use on the medical service for some period of time and are frequently in place immediately prior to gastroscopy. During the course of several routine gastroscopies, lesions identical with those described have been noted and are invariably hemorrhagic in appearance. The lesions are exceptionally striking, as no postmortem autolysis has occurred. The authors' cautions regarding the use of this tube are obviously well founded; nevertheless, in our experience, nasogastric suction has been greatly enhanced by the use of the double-lumen tube.
European and US agencies will cooperate to ensure ethical conduct of trials
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) have announced that they will work together to ensure that clinical trials “related to drug marketing applications” in the United States and Europe are conducted “uniformly, appropriately, and ethically.”

The “good clinical practices initiative” is expected to strengthen safeguards for participants in clinical studies as research becomes increasingly globalised.

In a joint statement the EMEA and the FDA said that in most cases the same clinical trials are used to support applications to both agencies for approvals of new drugs. Many of the …
The EBAX-type Cullin-RING E3 Ligase and Hsp90 Guard the Protein Quality of the SAX-3/Robo Receptor in Developing Neurons
Authors: Zhiping Wang, Yanli Hou, Xing Guo, Monique van der Voet, Mike Boxem, Jack E. Dixon, Andrew D. Chisholm, Yishi Jin
Journal: Neuron (2013)
Wednesday's Child
Authors: Robert S. Foote
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Ad Libitum1 September 1990Wednesday's ChildRobert S. Foote, MDRobert S. Foote, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-5-414 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt"I ought to spank your butt!" she said, the nurseWho knew him, and shook her finger in his face—Lashes of disgrace—As if the boy could bear another curse,As if in this, his last and lonely act,He'd once again gone wrong, messed up, and shownWhat they had always knownWas true. Beneath the house a desperate pactHad been betrayed by his unwilling cry,When hours had passed, and he was still awake;Pain more than he could take,And fright, and thirst, and sorrow gave the lieTo courage, and spoiled his only chance... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1990Volume 113, Issue 5Page: 414-414KeywordsNurses ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1990 Copyright & Permissions© 1990 American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
CAG Polymorphic Repeat Length in Androgen Receptor Gene Combined with Pretreatment Serum Testosterone Level as Prognostic Factor in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Masaki Shimbo, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Naoto Kamiya, Takashi Imamoto, Akira Komiya, Takeshi Ueda, Masatoshi Watanabe, Taizo Shiraishi, Tomohiko Ichikawa
Journal: European Urology (2004)
PREVALENCE AND IMPACT OF MYOCARDIAL INJURY FOLLOWING TRANSFEMORAL AND TRANSAPICAL TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Israel Barbash, Itsik Ben-Dor, Danny Dvir, Paul Corso, Steven Boyce, Steven Goldstein, Zuyue Wang, Rebecca Torguson, Lowell Satler, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Failed renoprotection by alternatively activated bone marrow macrophages is due to a proliferation-dependent phenotype switch in vivo
Authors: Qi Cao, Yiping Wang, Dong Zheng, Yan Sun, Changqi Wang, Xin M. Wang, Vincent W.S. Lee, Ya Wang, Guoping Zheng, Thian K. Tan, Yuan M. Wang, Stephen I. Alexander, David C.H. Harris
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Bone Marrow Failure Associated with Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection after Transplantation
Authors: Mario Luppi, Patrizia Barozzi, Thomas F. Schulz, Gisella Setti, Katherine Staskus, Raffaella Trovato, Franco Narni, Amedea Donelli, Antonio Maiorana, Roberto Marasca, Silvio Sandrini, Giuseppe Torelli, Julie Sheldon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection has been linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma and to rare lymphoproliferative disorders.
Physician as Supergod
Authors: Herbert S. Heineman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  A recent EDITORIAL ( 218 :588, 1971) suggested that, in forewarning a patient of his impending death, a physician may be setting himself above Nature. It is clearly implied that to do so is wrong.  More commonly, arrogation of divine prerogatives by physicians is discussed in the context of voluntary termination of life support or, in extreme cases, of euthanasia. Here, also, it is argued that death is a matter for God to decide and that no human has the right to thwart God's will.  Unaccountably, the other side of the coin has not been held to the same light. To illustrate, around the turn of the century, approximately 75% of children with meningococcal meningitis died from it. Along came antiserum, followed by sulfonamides, and more recently by penicillin. Nowadays, the mortality is less than 10%. In all fairness, it must be admitted that the Natural order of
Real-world Effectiveness Of Asthma Step-up Options: Matched Comparison Of Extrafine Hydrofluoroalkane-beclometasone AND Inhaled Corticosteroid / Long-Acting Beta-Agonist
Authors: D.B. Price, R. Martin, N. Barnes, N. Roche, A.J. Lee, P. Dorinsky, A. Burden, J. von Ziegenweidt, A. Chisholm, E.V. Hillyer, G. Colice
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Regulation of adiponectin secretion by insulin and amino acids in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Regje M.E. Blümer, Cindy P. van Roomen, Alfred J. Meijer, Judith H.P.M. Houben-Weerts, Hans P. Sauerwein, Peter F. Dubbelhuis
Journal: Metabolism (2008)