tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A GASTRO-INTESTINAL HOLDER FOR VISCERAL ANASTOMOSIS
Authors: Chauncey E. Tennant
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Modern visceral surgery has been much simplified during the last ten years. Prior to this it was deemed necessary to use clamps for hemostasis, both in gastro-enterostomies and intestinal anastomosis. Many have been the clamps devised for this purpose, and perhaps the most popular of all has been the compound three bladed clamp known as the Roosevelt clamp. I had much to do with its development, and used it first, after many experiments, in the early days of gastro-enterostomy. While many surgeons still find this clamp very satisfactory, and seldom, if ever, have postoperative hemorrhage directly traceable to its use, yet reputable and successful surgeons have had this misfortune, and I am willing to concede that such accidents will happen, especially when this instrument is used as a<i>clamp</i>rather than as a simple, light hemostat and holder. In order to afeguard the patient from this unfortunate experience, and to
Abstract 1772: p53 promotes repair of heterochromatin DNA by regulating JMJD2b and SUV39H1 expression.
Authors: Hong Zheng, Jiandong Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Constitutive heterochromatin is important for maintaining chromosome stability but also delays the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB). DSB repair in complex mammalian genomes involves a fast phase (2-6 hrs) where most of the breaks are rapidly repaired, and a slow phase (up to 24 hrs) where the remaining damages in heterochromatin are repaired. We found that p53 deficiency delays the slow phase DNA repair after ionizing irradiation. P53 deficiency prevents down regulation of histone H3K9 trimethylation at pericentric heterochromatin after DNA damage. Moreover, p53 directly induces expression of the H3 K9 demethylase JMJD2b through promoter binding. P53 activation also indirectly down regulates expression of the H3 K9 methytransferase SUV39H1. Depletion of JMJD2b or sustained expression of SUV39H1 delays the repair of heterochromatin DNA and reduces clonogenic survival after ionizing irradiation. The results suggest that by regulating JMJD2b and SUV39H1 expression, p53 not only controls transcription but also promotes heterochromatin relaxation to accelerate a rate-limiting step in the repair of complex genomes. Citation Format: Hong Zheng, Jiandong Chen. p53 promotes repair of heterochromatin DNA by regulating JMJD2b and SUV39H1 expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1772. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1772
Analysis of T cell populations that induce and mediate specific resistance to graft-versus-host disease in rats.
Authors: H Kimura, A Pickard, D B Wilson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

F1 hybrid (A X B) rats immunized with parental strain (A) T cells, or which recover from graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions caused by parental T cells, develop strong T cell-mediated immune responses against anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) receptor structures on donor T cells specific for host (MHCb) alloantigens. This immune response provides the basis for a profound and specific resistance to the subsequent induction in these animals of local or systemic GVH disease. Using subset-specific monoclonal antibodies and negative selection rosetting procedures, we attempted to determine which donor T cell subset possesses the immunogenic idiotypic markers, and which host T cell subpopulation mediates GVH resistance. We show here that the immunizing donor cell population belongs to the W3/25+ helper T cell (Th) subset, the same one that causes local GVH reactions, and that both the W3/25+ Th and the OX8+ killer/suppressor (Tk/s) subsets of host T cells are able to transfer GVH resistance to secondary F1 recipients.
Interleukin 12 exerts a differential effect on the maturation of neonatal and adult human CD45R0- CD4 T cells.
Authors: U Shu, C E Demeure, D G Byun, F Podlaski, A S Stern, G Delespesse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

It is now recognized that IL-12 plays a predominant role in protective immunity against intracellular pathogens by promoting the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) responses. We here report the unexpected observations that IL-12 exerts differential effects on the maturation of "native" human CD4 T cells isolated from umbilical cord blood or from the blood of healthy adults. After priming in the presence of IL-12, naive cells of adult donors, defined as CD45R0- CD4+ T cells, acquire a Th1 phenotype whereas neonatal cells develop into effector cells producing high levels of IL-4 in addition to IFN-gamma. This effect of IL-12 on neonatal T cells is direct inasmuch as it is observed on highly purified CD4 T cells, however, it is not inhibited by CD8 T cells and natural killer cells. Unstimulated neonatal T cells which have been preincubated with IL-12 before the priming behave like adult T cells and acquire a Th1 phenotype after stimulation in the presence of IL-12. Given that IL-4 is a potent antagonist of Th1 responses, the finding that IL-12 promotes the maturation of neonatal T cells into IL-4 producers may explain the increased susceptibility of neonates to intracellular pathogens and should be taken into account for the development of vaccines to be used in the perinatal period.
Corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: E. M Dennison, C. Cooper
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 811 

The millennium brings with it the 50th anniversary of Hench's discovery that corticosteroids might be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.1 Attitudes towards such use have waxed and waned since then. Initial hope that steroids might dramatically alter the long term course of the disorder gave way to a recognition of the serious adverse effects that accompany high dose treatment. As a result the use of low dose corticosteroids in arthritis remains highly controversial.

Corticosteroids are used widely in medicine today. A recent survey in general practice found that 1.4% of patients aged over 54 were using corticosteroids at a mean dose of 8 mg daily2: rheumatoid arthritis was the indication in 23% of cases. Although rheumatologists claim to use steroids relatively infrequently, audits of patients attending outpatient departments suggest a high prevalence of use (as great as 80%). 3 4 What, then, is the quality of the evidence to support the use of corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis?

This question is best answered by considering the balance between the risks and benefits of steroid use for short periods (two to three months), with the objective …
Activator protein 1 DNA binding activity is decreased in lesional psoriatic skin compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin
Authors: C. Johansen, K. Kragballe, M. Rasmussen, T.N. Dam, L. Iversen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Psoriasis is a common benign skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes. The transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1) is known to play an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation.To investigate AP-1 DNA binding activity in psoriatic skin.Keratome biopsies were taken from patients with plaque-type psoriasis. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to determine the AP-1 DNA binding activity, whereas Western and Northern blotting was used to determine Jun and Fos protein and mRNA expression.We found that AP-1 DNA binding activity was almost completely abolished in lesional psoriatic skin compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin. Furthermore, experiments revealed that the protein and mRNA expression of the AP-1 subunits c-Fos, Fra-1 and c-Jun was reduced in lesional psoriatic skin compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin, whereas the protein and mRNA expression of the subunit JunB was increased. Topical application of the vitamin D analogue calcipotriol under occlusion to involved psoriatic skin for 4 days resulted in an increase in AP-1 DNA binding activity, and an increase in the protein and mRNA expression of c-Fos, Fra-1 and c-Jun, together with a decrease in JunB protein and mRNA expression.Together, these results suggest that the activity of the transcription factor AP-1 is impaired in lesional psoriatic skin and that this impairment may be important for the disturbed epidermal growth observed in psoriasis.
Ulcers and Nonvariceal Bleeding
Authors: C. Rollhauser, D. E. Fleischer
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

This review of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding concentrates mainly on peptic ulcer bleeding, and is based on papers published during the last two years. While the focus is on outcome prediction models and therapeutic interventions, brief reference is also made to certain epidemiological aspects, pathological and animal studies, and risk factors for bleeding peptic ulcer.
THE RISK ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED PHOSPHORUS LEVELS IS PRIMARILY A REFLECTION OF ELEVATED CARDIO-RENAL RISK IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: AN APPLICATION OF THE BEST TRIAL LIMITED DATASET
Authors: Alexander Kula, Susan Cheng, Olga Laur, Meredith Brisco, Steven Coca, Jeffrey Testani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Backdrop, flat, and prop: The stage for active perceptual inquiry
Authors: Julian Hochberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Lehar's revival of phenomenology and his all-encompassing Gestalt Bubble model are ambitious and stimulating. I offer an illustrated caution about phenomenology, a more fractured alternative to his Bubble model, and two lines of phenomena that may disqualify his isomorphism. I think a perceptual-inquiry model can contend.
Clinton to regulate internet prescription drug sales
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The US president, Bill Clinton, will ask Congress for new laws to regulate the growing sale of prescription drugs over the internet. Online drug stores will be required to get approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and to comply with state regulations on the practice of medicine and pharmacy.

FDA commissioner Dr Jane E Henney said that Mr Clinton's proposal would create civil penalties of up to …
Smile a While
Authors: —Mary Wellington
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tuberculocidin; or, Professor Klebs' Modification of Koch's Tuberculin.
Authors: Karl von Ruck
Journal: JAMA (1892)

To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:  Sir:  —With a supply of this substance recently received by me from Prof. Klebs, he gives the following instructions as to its use and action: The beginning dose to be from two to five milligrams, and the increase to be rapid up to one, and subsequently to two, four, six, and eight centigrams.  Hectic fever is no contra-indication; in fact, the temperature rapidly decreases and the local conditions improve.  The preparation causes absolutely no fever in tubercular patients, and increasing fever when present is an indication for increasing doses.  The remedy is given daily, and when large doses are reached they are divided, half being given in the morning and the other half in the evening.  The disintegration of the bacilli becomes manifest after five to ten of the larger doses have been given. Cough and expectoration diminish and
DIFFERENCE IN SPEED OF NEOINTIMAL PROLIFERATION FOLLOWING SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION ACCORDING TO CLINICAL AND LESION CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Hideo Amano, Kenji Wagatsuma, Mikihito Toda, Hideo Nii, Yasuto Uchida, Jyunichi Yamazaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
HIF and the Lung
Authors: Larissa A. Shimoda, Gregg L. Semenza
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

The ability to sense and respond to changes in oxygen concentration is a fundamental requirement for the survival of all organisms. Throughout evolution, control of oxygen homeostasis has developed into a complex system, requiring both rapid adjustment to acute changes in oxygen and durable adaptation when the hypoxic stimulus is prolonged. There are numerous instances, in both physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions, during which the lung experiences localized or global hypoxia. It has become increasingly appreciated that adaptation to hypoxia requires the coordinated regulation of a large battery of genes, and that this collective response is controlled, to a large extent, at the level of transcription. In particular, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), have been identified as key mediators of adaptation to hypoxia. In this review, we will describe the HIF system and its role in a variety of developmental, physiologic, and pathogenic processes within the lung.
OUTCOMES WITH DRUG ELUTING OR BARE METAL STENTS IN SUBJECTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A MIXED TREATMENT COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF 19,325 PATIENT-YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Mario Fusaro, Nicholas Amoroso, Sunil Kumar, James Slater, Frederick Feit, Sripal Bangalore
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Reactivity to IgE-dependent histamine-releasing activity in asthma or rhinitis.
Authors: S G Pasmans, M Aalbers, M J van der Veen, E F Knol, J S van der Zee, H M Jansen, R C Aalberse
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We investigated the relation between IgE reactive with histamine-releasing factor (HRF) and clinical status in patients with asthma or rhinitis. Sera were used to passively sensitize purified, lactic-acid treated basophils. IgE-independent HRF due to chemokines was removed from mononuclear cell supernatants with heparin-Sepharose. IgE-dependent HRF was determined by measuring the increase in histamine release between 1 min and 60 min, which was designated delta HRF. HRF-reactive IgE was demonstrable in nine of 18 patients with allergic asthma, three of 19 patients with nonallergic asthma, five of 17 patients with allergic rhinitis, and none of 19 control patients. The presence of HRF-reactive IgE was associated with: (1) IgE to inhalant allergens; 40% of radioallergosorbent test (RAST)-positive individuals versus 8% of RAST-negative individuals were positive (OR = 7.8, p < 0.005); (2) bronchial sensitivity to histamine in all asthmatic patients (geometric mean PC20: 1.50 versus 0.51 mg/ml; p < 0.005); and (3) bronchial sensitivity to histamine in allergic asthmatic patients (geometric mean PC20: 1.27 versus 0.37 mg/ml, p < 0.02). These findings support the hypothesis that IgE-dependent HRF might contribute to the chronic allergic reaction.
DR. JAMES FANNING NOYES—1817-1896; MEMORIAL REMARKS.
Authors: LEARTUS CONNOR
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Dr. James Fanning Noyes began his earthly career in a modest farmhouse adjacent to the town of Kingston, R. I., on Aug. 2, 1817, and closed it Feb. 19, 1896, at Providence, R. I., in the elegant home of his honored and loved nephew, Dr. Robert Noyes. Between these two dates and places Dr. Noyes wrought his part in the drama of human life. In the pursuit of knowledge and doing of work he wandered far from his beloved Rhode Island, but when the end of life drew near he returned to his kindred and left his earthly body near the spot where it was given him. It was his to live in a period of human history surpassing all previous periods. In it the practice of medicine entered upon fields of conquest heretofore undreamed of. Accurate scientific knowledge was multiplied in all directions, and its application to medicine gave
Glucose Clamp Investigations: The ups and downs
Authors: Patrick J Boyle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

With the results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) now known (1), health-care providers are faced with the task of implementing more strict glucose control in diabetic patients. Yet, the methodology on the safest way to complete this change in health-care delivery is far from crystallized. Epidemiological data from the DCCT strongly suggest that hypoglycemia begets hypoglycemia (2). Over half of the severe hypoglycemie episodes occurred without warning signs. The importance of understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this disturbing excess of morbidity is clear.
New AIDS Spread, Old Issues Surface
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

NO ONE is expecting a breakthrough at the Tenth International Conference on AIDS this week in Yokohama, Japan. In fact, much attention there may be on issues that many have thought were settled, such as the increasingly doubtful value of surrogate markers for disease progression and drug efficacy. The recent screeching halt in US plans for large-scale vaccine efficacy trials after disappointing preliminary results also promises lively debate (see also pp 488-489). The conference itself is smaller this year, with about one third fewer abstracts accepted for oral and poster sessions than at last year's conference in Berlin, Germany. However, late submissions were being accepted and several late-breaker sessions are scheduled. "The goal of the organizers is to have as much up-to-date information as possible," says David Corkery of the conference's media liaison office for North America. Attendance may also be down, with many who have attended in previous years
Effect of aspirin on intestinal absorption of glucose, sodium, and water in man.
Authors: C Arvanitakis, G H Chen, J Folscroft, N J Greenberger
Journal: Gut (1977)

The effect of aspirin on small intestinal function in six healthy volunteers was examined using a segmental perfusion technique, with a test solution of 40 mM D-glucose, 140 mM NaCl, and 0-5% polyethylene glycol. Jejunal glucose, sodium, and water absorption rates were inhibited by 50% after oral administration of 2-6 g aspirin. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration was assayed in jejunal mucosal biopsies before and after aspirin. There was an almost 50% decrease in mucosal ATP levels after aspirin. This effect may be mediated through cellular injury and impairment of mitochondrial energy metabolism. These data suggest that aspirin may significantly alter small intestinal function. It appears possible that the inhibitory effect of aspirin on glucose absorption may account, at least in part, for the lower blood sugar levels observed with the use of the drug.
Correlation between 18F Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Uptake and Tumor Characteristics in Locally Advanced Breast Cancers.
Authors: S. Giacchetti, D. Groheux, A. Hamy, E. Hindie, C. Cuvier, J. Lehmann-Che, J. Lehmann-Che, A. de Roquancourt, M. Albiter, M. Marty, J. Moretti, M. Espie
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: This study analysed the correlation between [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake, assessed by positron emission tomography (PET), and prognostic factors in locally advanced breast cancersMaterial and Methods: All locally advanced breast cancers seen at Saint Louis hospital and treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have a FDG PET after core needle biopsy and before chemotherapy. We correlated the tumor characteristics: T-stage, histological grade, estrogen and progesterone receptors, c-erbB2 over-expression (immuno-histochemistry determination) and P53 (determinate on frozen biopsies by the FASAYmethod) to FDG standardized uptake value (SUV max). The statistics tests used are student test (comparison of 2 means) and kendall correlation.Results: From June 2006 to April 2009, 91 patients with locally advanced breast tumors have both PET scan and frozen tissue before NAC. Median age at diagnosis is 48 (26-81) and 45 % are post menopausal.Conclusion: This study indicates that FDG-PET uptake is correlated with the phenotype of breast tumours. Over-expression of c-erbB2 does not influence FDG uptake. Triple negative tumours and p53 mutated tumors have a high initial SUV which can reflect their aggressiveness and their chemotherapy sensitivity. The knowledge of SUV uptake according to tumor characteristics allows a better understanding of the role of FDG-PET in the prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response.Patients characteristicsPtes characteristicsNumber of patients (%)Tumor size: T2/T3/T438 (41)/32 (35)/21(23)Lymph nodes N0/N1/N232 (35)/46 (50.5)/13 (14 )Invasive ductal carcinoma/invasive lobular carcinoma/miscellaneous82 (90 )/5 (5 )/3 (3)Histological grade/ 1/2/37 (7 )/49 (54)/35 (38)ER + / ER-58 (64 )/33 (36)PR+ /PR-35 (38) /56 (61)C-erbB2 +++15 (16 )Triple negative22 (24 )P53 ( 64 ptes) mutated/wild type32 (50)/32 (50) Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5010.
Evolving Strategies for Management of the Nongonococcal Urethritis Syndrome
Authors: George P. Schmid
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) is the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD) syndrome that occurs in men and accounts for an estimated 4 million to 6 million physician visits annually.1As with other sexually transmitted infections, the clinical management of patients with NGU ideally should include accurate identification of the most likely causative agent; prompt administration of effective antimicrobial therapy to alleviate symptoms, eradicate the causative organism, and prevent secondary complications; and initiation of appropriate counseling and intervention for notification and treatment of sexual partners. Unfortunately, in caring for patients with NGU, these components of clinical management are not straightforward. Clinicians have difficulty identifying patients with NGU because many are asymptomatic and not all of the organisms that cause NGU are known. In addition, current therapies are not ideal, and appropriate counseling and partner notification are made difficult by uncertainties in each of these areas. Fortunately, the investigation by Stamm