tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug companies withdraw law suit against South Africa
Authors: P. Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

AIDS activists are now looking to the South African government to provide access to cheaper drug treatment for HIV infection and AIDS after 39 large pharmaceutical companies withdrew their case against the government in the Pretoria High Court last week.

The companies brought the law suit three years ago in the hope of stopping the government promulgating legislation it had passed in 1997 that was aimed, through various mechanisms, at lowering the cost of drugs to South Africans. …
Anaphylactic bronchoconstriction in immunized guinea pigs provoked by inhalation and intravenous administration of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride
Authors: H. Zhao, X.‐D. Zhang, H. Welinder, B. Jonson
Journal: Allergy (1997)

We established a guinea‐pig model of anaphylactic bronchoconstriction provoked in immunized animals by inhalation and intravenous administration of 4,4‐methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) and hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA). Guinea pigs were immunized intradermally with either MTHPA ( n = 8) or HHPA ( n = 8) suspended in olive oil. Control animals ( n = 8) were injected with olive oil alone. After 4 weeks, the animals were challenged during mechanical ventilation by inhalation or intravenous administration of MTHPA or HHPA conjugated with guinea‐pig serum albumin (GPSA). Airway flow, and airway and esophageal pressures were measured. Resistance ( R ) and static compliance (Cst) of the respiratory system (rs), lung (1), and chest wall were studied with the flow‐interruption technique. After challenge with MTHPA‐GPSA or HHPA‐GPSA, R , rs and R , 1 increased dramatically while Cst, rs and Cst,1 decreased, and severe arterial hypoxia developed. The reaction occurred at a well‐defined dose of anhydride and lasted about 30 min. When the same dose was repeated after 30 min, the response was much attenuated. MTHPA and HHPA can induce asthma in guinea pigs. The dose‐response curve at antigen challenge is steep. Once a threshold dose is reached, a severe reaction occurs. The reactivity is then exhausted. This model may be suitable for assessing occupational asthma caused by acid anhydrides and possibly by other low‐molecular‐weight chemicals.
Sports training diary
Authors: D. P. Chapman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1986)

Varied topics are featured in this issue, again illustrating the broad spectrum encompassed by sports medicine.The papers on upper limb injuries in rock climbing and the case report of pancreatic trauma during karate, stress the importance of careful history taking and physical examination.When this is overlooked there is likely to be delay in diagnosis and hence, treatment.This point is again emphasised in the correspondence concerning pneumothorax in a soccer player.
Lipocalin 2 deactivates macrophages and worsens pneumococcal pneumonia outcomes
Authors: Joanna M. Warszawska, Riem Gawish, Omar Sharif, Stefanie Sigel, Bianca Doninger, Karin Lakovits, Ildiko Mesteri, Manfred Nairz, Louis Boon, Alexander Spiel, Valentin Fuhrmann, Birgit Strobl, Mathias Müller, Peter Schenk, Günter Weiss, Sylvia Knapp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Macrophages play a key role in responding to pathogens and initiate an inflammatory response to combat microbe multiplication. Deactivation of macrophages facilitates resolution of the inflammatory response. Deactivated macrophages are characterized by an immunosuppressive phenotype, but the lack of unique markers that can reliably identify these cells explains the poorly defined biological role of this macrophage subset. We identified lipocalin 2 (LCN2) as both a marker of deactivated macrophages and a macrophage deactivator. We show that LCN2 attenuated the early inflammatory response and impaired bacterial clearance, leading to impaired survival of mice suffering from pneumococcal pneumonia. LCN2 induced IL-10 formation by macrophages, skewing macrophage polarization in a STAT3-dependent manner. Pulmonary LCN2 levels were tremendously elevated during bacterial pneumonia in humans, and high LCN2 levels were indicative of a detrimental outcome from pneumonia with Gram-positive bacteria. Our data emphasize the importance of macrophage deactivation for the outcome of pneumococcal infections and highlight the role of LCN2 and IL-10 as determinants of macrophage performance in the respiratory tract.
Genetic evidence for convergence of c-Kit– and α4 integrin–mediated signals on class IA PI-3kinase and the Rac pathway in regulating integrin-directed migration in mast cells
Authors: Bai Lin Tan, Mustafa N. Yazicioglu, David Ingram, Jennifer McCarthy, Jovencio Borneo, David A. Williams, Reuben Kapur
Journal: Blood (2003)
Ventriculographic features predictive of surgical outcome for left ventricular aneurysm.
Authors: D P Kapelanski, J Al-Sadir, J J Lamberti, C E Anagnostopoulos
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Although clinical and hemodynamic stability predicted outcome very well when left ventricular aneurysm was electively resected in 25 patients (95% survival), more discriminate criteria were essential for 20 patients undergoing urgent operation for severe myocardial decompensation (50% survival). Three methods of ventriculographic analysis primarily sensitive to the function of the non-aneurysmal left ventricle were evaluated. These methods separated patients undergoing urgent operation into a population with high operative risk (less than 18% survival) and a population with low operative risk (greater than 82% survival). These criteria also separated 15 patients undergoing operation within three months of myocardial infarction into a group with excellent prognosis (greater than 85% survival) and a group with poor prognosis (less than 15% survival). The high operative risk in patients undergoing urgent operation or operation within three months of myocardial infarction, when non-aneurysmal ventricular function is poor, may be too high; it should be undertaken only under unusual circumstances.
Paracardiac lipomatosis in exogenous Cushing's syndrome
Authors: L. B. A. van de Putte, J. P. M. Wagenaar, K. H. San
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>van de Putte, L. B. A., Wagenaar, J. P. M., and San, K. H. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 653-656. <b>Paracardiac lipomatosis in exogenous Cushing9s syndrome.</b> Histologically proven lipomatosis presenting as paracardiac masses on the chest radiograph is described in a patient with a renal graft. This lesion was caused by the prednisone therapy and diminished after lowering the dosage. Review of 90 renal transplant patients revealed one likely example of this syndrome and four patients had other radiographic abnormalities suggestive of intrathoracic lipomatosis. It is pointed out that intrathoracic lipomatosis can produce a variety of abnormalities on the chest radiograph and that sometimes these changes need to be differentiated from primary tumours.
Olmsted syndrome with erythromelalgia caused by recessive transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 mutations
Authors: S. Duchatelet, L. Guibbal, S. Veer, S. Fraitag, P. Nitschké, M. Zarhrate, C. Bodemer, A. Hovnanian
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Funding sources: This study was supported, in part, by a donation from the 'BDE‐Bulle d'encre' association. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Dear Editor, Olmsted syndrome (OS; OMIM#614594) is a rare genodermatosis typically characterized by bilateral palmoplantar keratoderma and periorificial keratotic plaques, but showing considerable clinical heterogeneity.1 2 3 Reported cases of OS are mostly sporadic, although familial cases with different modes of inheritance have also been described. The gene most frequently mutated in OS is transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3), with several dominant heterozygous missense mutations; recently, a homozygous recessive mutation has been identified.4 5 6 7 8 A missense mutation in membrane‐bound transcription factor protease, site 2 (MBTPS2) has also been implicated in X‐linked recessive OS.9 We describe two patients from a French family with atypical OS. The family comprises two affected brothers (patients 1 and 2, aged 14 and 10 years old, respectively), and their two healthy parents. The parents are nonconsanguineous, which is suggestive of recessive inheritance. The clinical presentation of patient 1 included severe plantar keratoderma associated with intense erythromelalgia, which led to acute flares of hyperalgesia, severe itch, erythema, vasodilatation, and warmth of the legs and extremities (hands, feet and ears). These features first emerged at the age of 2·5 years, with keratosis distributed in islands on the pressure points and which extended to most of the plantar surface and thickened over time (Fig. 1a). Owing to plantar pain, the patient walked on his hands and knees, and developed pachyderma and keratosis pilaris on his knees. As a consequence, the use of a wheelchair became necessary. Plantar keratoderma was associated with severe erythromelalgia in this patient from the age of 4 years (Fig. 1b). The clinical features of patient 2 started earlier, at the age of 11 months, but were much milder and progressed slowly. Patient 2 presented with moderate and focal plantar keratoderma (Fig. 1c). Erythromelalgia, which was less severe than in his brother, started when he was 9 years old. Additionally, from the age of 4 years, patient 2 showed xerosis, eczema of the ears and blepharitis associated with the loss of his eyelashes. Eyelash trichomegaly was more pronounced in patient 2 than in patient 1 (Fig. 1d,e). While both patients had hyperhidrosis of the feet, thin and dry hair, and normal finger‐ and toenails, neither had mutilating plantar keratoderma or periorificial keratotic plaques, which are classically observed in OS. Therefore, the two affected siblings displayed significant differences in the clinical expression of the disease.
VALIDATION OF THE APPROPRIATENESS CRITERIA FOR ROUTINE SPECT IMAGING AMONG ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY
Authors: Sanjeev Bhavnani, Gary Heller, Alan W. Ahlberg, Dimitrios Barmpouletos, Giselle Cyr, Akrivi Manola, Deborah Katten, Hanna Slim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Bioselection of a Gain of Function Mutation that Enhances Adenovirus 5 Release and Improves Its Antitumoral Potency
Authors: Alena Gros, Jordi Martínez-Quintanilla, Cristina Puig, Sonia Guedan, David G. Molleví, Ramon Alemany, Manel Cascallo
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Genetic bioselection of a mutagenized Ad5wt stock in human tumor xenografts led us to isolate AdT1, a mutant displaying a large-plaque phenotype in vitro and an enhanced systemic antitumor activity in vivo. AdT1 phenotype correlates with an increased progeny release without affecting total viral yield in different human tumors and cancer-associated fibroblasts. An approach combining hybrid Ad5/AdT1 recombinants and sequencing identified a truncating insertion in the endoplasmic reticulum retention domain of the E3/19K protein (445A mutation) which relocates the protein to the plasma membrane and is responsible for AdT1's enhanced release. E3/19K-445A phenotype does not correlate with the protein's ability to interact with MHC-I or induce apoptosis. Intracellular calcium measurement revealed that the 445A mutation induces extracellular Ca(2+) influx, deregulating intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and inducing membrane permeabilization, a viroporin-like function. E3/19K-445A mutants also display enhanced antitumoral activity when injected both intratumorally and systemically in different models in vivo. Our results indicate that the inclusion of mutation 445A in tumor-selective adenoviruses would be a very powerful tool to enhance their antitumor efficacy.
Thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of a conjugate of recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator with a monoclonal antibody specific for cross-linked fibrin in a baboon venous thrombosis model.
Authors: D Collen, M Dewerchin, H J Rapold, H R Lijnen, J M Stassen
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Chemical conjugates between recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (rscu-PA) and a murine monoclonal antibody directed against fragment D-dimer of cross-linked human fibrin (MA-15C5), rscu-PA/MA-15C5, and between rscu-PA and a control monoclonal antibody (MA-1C8), rscu-PA/MA-1C8, were produced by cross-linking with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP). In an in vitro system composed of a [125 I]fibrin-labeled baboon plasma clot immersed in autologous citrated plasma, dose- and time-dependent lysis was obtained with a ratio of the potencies of free and conjugated rscu-PA similar to that in human plasma: 50% lysis in 2 hours required 4.3 micrograms/ml rscu-PA, 1.0 microgram/ml urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) equivalent rscu-PA/MA-15C5, or 15 micrograms/ml u-PA equivalent rscu-PA/MA-1C8. The thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of rscu-PA and of rscu-PA/MA-15C5 were compared in baboons with a 0.8-1.0 ml [125 I]fibrin-labeled autologous blood clot produced in a femoral vein. Continuous intravenous infusion of these compounds during a 2-hour period resulted in dose- and time-dependent lysis. The thrombolytic potency of rscu-PA/MA-15C5 was 3.0 +/- 0.5 times higher (50% lysis with 0.3 +/- 0.02 mg u-PA equivalent/kg body wt) than that of rscu-PA measured by ex vivo isotope recovery from the femoral vein segment (p less than 0.001) and was 2.7 +/- 0.5 times higher (50% lysis with 0.35 +/- 0.02 mg/kg rscu-PA/MA-15C5) by external radioisotope counting (p less than 0.001). A dose of 0.5 mg/kg of rscu-PA/MA-1C8 was much less active than rscu-PA. After the end of the infusion, u-PA-related antigen disappeared from plasma in a biphasic manner with an initial half-time of 2.7 +/- 0.5 for rscu-PA, 24 +/- 1.2 for rscu-PA/MA-15C5, and 21 +/- 0.5 minutes for rscu-PA/MA-1C8 with corresponding plasma clearances of 340 +/- 40, 20 +/- 3, and 24 +/- 2 ml/min, respectively. In conclusion, the increased thrombolytic potency of rscu-PA/MA-15C5 is the result of a reduction of the thrombolytic potency due to coupling of rscu-PA to the antibody molecule, which is counter-balanced by an enhancement of the thrombolytic potency due to fibrin targeting by the specific idiotype.
Congenital Dextrocardia without Transposition of other Viscera: Acquired Valvular Disease and Auricular Fibrillation
Authors: D. Krestin
Journal: BMJ (1927)

To those who are much engaged in the treatment of puerperal sepsis there is one.form of treatment, at any rate, which is rapidly passing out of favour,-and that is leaving the septic uterus to take care of itself.This opinioni was definiitely reached in this hospital when it was found that in over half the cases of puerperal sepsis admitted there was pent-up pus.
EXAMINATION OF REGISTRANTS: SUGGESTIONS FOR DETECTING HEART LESIONS
Authors: Maximilian Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It has long been evident to me, from contact with medical students, that aortic regurgitation is the most commonly missed of valvular lesions. This belief has been forcibly confirmed and emphasized in recent months in the examination of registrants for military duty. On one of the medical advisory boards of Columbia University I have had referred to me from three local boards a considerable number of registrants with heart murmurs. The number of aortic regurgitant murmurs recognized and recorded is surprisingly small, when it is considered that the examiners on the local boards are no longer students, but practitioners of medicine. These registrants are in over 90 per cent. of instances recorded as having "systolic murmur." Furthermore, the internists examining for other medical advisory boards are having similar experiences. May I therefore be permitted space for a few remarks that may possibly help to acommoner recognition of
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and Spine
Authors: Stanley Baum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 December 1994Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and SpineStanley BaumStanley BaumSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the American College of Physicians' position paper on imaging of the brain and spine [1]. Sophisticated users know that MRI is a superior technique for detecting most diseases of the central nervous system. Neurologists and neurosurgeons routinely use MRI in their clinical practice because it gives them the most sensitive and specific indicator of clinically significant disease and has no deleterious effects. The alternative to MRI is a combination of many other tests, which, in the aggregate, can be more expensive. In patients with multiple sclerosis, for example, physicians might do invasive cerebrospinal ...Reference1. American College of Physicians. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine: a revised statement. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:872-5. Google Scholar2. Kent DL, Haynor DR, Longstreth WT Jr, Larson EB. The clinical efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in neuroimaging. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:856-71. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1994Volume 121, Issue 11Page: 896-898 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nail dystrophy due to sarcoidosis
Authors: R.J. MANN, B.R. ALLEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Nail dystrophy due to sarcoidosis Get access R.J. MANN, R.J. MANN Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Cemre, Nottingham Dr R.J.Mann, Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.R. ALLEN B.R. ALLEN Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Cemre, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 5, 1 November 1981, Pages 599–601, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00807.x Published: 01 November 1981 Article history Accepted: 02 February 1981 Published: 01 November 1981
Pancreatitis and Hyperlipemia
Authors: Norton J. Greenberger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

It has long been recognized that hyperlipemia* may occur in association with pancreatitis. In earlier reports of cases of acute and recurrent pancreatitis, the rate of hyperlipemia varied between 3 and 12 per cent.1 More recent studies have suggested that this association is more common than is generally appreciated, and the frequency of hyperlipemia may be as high as 20 to 25 per cent.2 However, the high frequency in the study by Cameron and his associates2 may be due to the large number of their patients with pancreatitis related to alcohol ingestion.Pancreatitis, hyperlipemia and alcoholism constitute a triad in . . .
Thyroid Lymphoma with gastrointestinal involvement: Report of three cases
Authors: C. W. Stone, R. B. Slease, Daniel Brubaker, Carol Fabian, P. N. Grozea
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract Three elderly females are reported who presented with high‐grade lymphoma of the thyroid and subsequently were found to have extensive gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma that dominated their clinical courses. One of the patients remains free of disease 30+ months after extensive resection of involved bowel and combination chemotherapy. Two died from disseminated lymphoma. Optimal delivery of therapy in both of the latter patients was impeded by massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A review of previously reported cases of thyroid lymphoma, plus those described here. suggests a predilection for these tumors to involve the GI tract independent of other organ metastases.
Formation of a fibrin based gelatinous coat over repairing rat gastric epithelium after acute ethanol damage: interaction with adherent mucus.
Authors: L A Sellers, A Allen, M K Bennett
Journal: Gut (1987)

A gelatinous coat, heterogeneous in appearance, was formed over damaged rat gastric mucosa recovering from acute ethanol injury. This coat, in places 1.6 mm thick (median thickness 680 microns), was 10 times thicker than the translucent layer of adherent mucus (median thickness 70 microns) covering the undamaged mucosa. Immunohistochemistry and periodic acid Schiff staining showed this gelatinous coat to be predominantly a fibrin gel with an exterior layer rich in mucus and necrotic cells. The plasma clotting time was significantly decreased in vitro by pig gastric mucus gel and soluble mucus glycoprotein (90% and 13% respectively) suggesting that in vivo the mucus layer remaining after epithelial damage could act as a template for fibrinogen-fibrin conversion. These results show that a fibrin based gelatinous coat, quite distinct from the adherent mucus layer and with considerable protective potential could be formed over the repairing rat gastric mucosa after acute ethanol damage.
Mind your language
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

“Rather than improving their response capacity and anticipating new challenges, health systems seem to be drifting from one short-term priority to another, increasingly fragmented and without a clear sense of direction.” This is from the World Health Organization’s world health report for 2008, Primary Health Care: Now More Than Ever , published this week (see News, doi:10.1136/bmj.a2109). This snappy quote appeared in a press release specifically designed to grab an editor’s attention. And grab my attention it did—for all the wrong reasons. It highlighted a current personal annoyance: global healthspeak. I’ve come to loathe …
1163 The efficacy of oligonucleotide chip detecting YMDD mutants of hepatitis B virus in lamivudine-treated patients
Authors: J HEO, M CHO, G KIM, D KANG, G SONG, U YANG, H JANG, H PARK, C KIM, H KIM
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the hepatocytes nucleus is responsible for persistent infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Current antiviral therapy drugs nucleos(t)ide analogs or interferon fail to eradicate HBV cccDNA. Genome editing technique provides an effective approach for HBV treatment through targeting viral cccDNA. Natronobacterium gregoryi Argonaute (NgAgo)-guide DNA (gDNA) system with powerful genome editing prompts us to explore its application in inhibiting HBV replication. Preliminary function verification indicated that NgAgo/EGFP-gDNA obviously inhibited EGFP expression. To further explore the potential role of NgAgo in restricting HBV replication, 10 of gDNAs targeting the critical region of viral genome were designed, only S-142, P-263 and P-2166 gDNAs led to significant inhibition on HBsAg, HBeAg and pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) level in Huh7 and HepG2 cells transfected with pcDNA-HBV1.1 plasmid. Similar results were also found in HBV infected HLCZ01 cells and Huh7-NTCP cells. However, we failed to detect any DNA editing in S-142, P-263 and P-2166 targeting region through T7E1 assay and Sanger sequencing. Remarkably, we found that NgAgo/P-2166 significantly accelerated the decay of viral pgRNA. Taken together, our results firstly demonstrate the potential of NgAgo/gDNA in inhibiting HBV replication through accelerating pgRNA degradation, but not DNA editing.
Skin necrosis after subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injection
Authors: Esperanza Real, Enric Grau, Miguel Rubio, Teresa Torrecilla
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Flg. 1. Necrotic zone surrounded by erythema on abdomen. Skin Necrosis Subcutaneous Low Weightcommon approach is to introduce oral anticoagulant therapy after