tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON PERSISTENT INFECTIONS OF TISSUE CULTURES
Authors: Friedrich Deinhardt, Victor V. Bergs, Gertrude Henle, Werner Henle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

Efforts were made to obtain information on some of the quantitative aspects of host cell-virus interactions in MCN cultures persistently infected with Newcastle disease, mumps, and 6-6 viruses, and to elicit the mechanism which permits simultaneous maintenance of virus and cells for indefinite periods of time. It was shown by 4 different technics that only between 10 and less than 1 per cent of the cells yield infectious virus, depending upon the agent employed and, possibly, variations in the conditions of the cultures. No evidence was found to indicate production of non-infectious virus materials. Only the cells carrying infectious virus are capable upon transfer to uninfected cultures to transmit the infection. Cells from persistently infected cultures, which are free of infectious virus at the time of transfer, failed to liberate virus at a later time during incubation periods of up to 4 weeks. The virus-producing cells contain at any given moment not more than 1 infectious unit of virus, suggesting a linear mode of production; i.e., as soon as a virus particle is completed, it is released. Upon inoculation of MCN test tube cultures with chick embryo-adapted NDV persistent infection and interference with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is established with considerable delay. In contrast, following transfer of MCN-adapted NDV, in form of MCNNDV cells or first allantoic passage seeds derived therefrom, the number of virus-producing cells increases logarithmically, doubling every 6 to 8 hours until a total of about 104 is reached. Thereafter their numbers rise in proportion to the increase in total cell population; i.e., doubling approximately every 48 hours. At the time when 104 virus-producing cells are present in the culture interference with VSV is solidly established. In order to obtain this result about 106 cells must have adsorbed virus particles, or, in other words, at least 106 virus units must have totally been produced instead of the 104 measured by infectivity assay. The implications of these and previously reported data have been discussed in detail and a scheme of the course of events in persistently infected cultures has been presented.
Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in severe acute asthma
Authors: B. K. Pedersen, L. C. Laursen, H. H. Lervang, T. Stjernebjer, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1987)

In a group comparative double blind pilot study six asthmatic patients with an acute exacerbation of their disease were randomly treated with either methylprednisolone pulse therapy (MPPT) (1000 mg daily for 3 days) ( n = 2) followed by placebo tablets, or standard doses of methylprednisolone (MP) (50 mg daily gradually decreased to zero over 3 weeks) ( n = 4). The results showed that the effect of MPPT did not differ from that of standard doses of MP. MPPT has, however, the potential of being preferable to standard treatment with MP. Because of easy administration and optimal patient compliance.
Three-year efficacy, safety, and survival findings from COMFORT-II, a phase 3 study comparing ruxolitinib with best available therapy for myelofibrosis
Authors: Francisco Cervantes, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, Andres Sirulnik, Viktoriya Stalbovskaya, Mari McQuitty, Deborah S. Hunter, Richard S. Levy, Francesco Passamonti, Tiziano Barbui, Giovanni Barosi, Claire N. Harrison, Laurent Knoops, Heinz Gisslinger
Journal: Blood (2013)
How informed is patients' consent to release of medical information to insurance companies?
Authors: R. E. Lorge
Journal: BMJ (1989)

A study was conducted to assess how informed the consent of patients is to the release of confidential information to insurance companies. Questionnaires were sent to 226 consecutive patients from four practices whose general practitioners had received requests to complete a personal medical attendant9s report for an insurance company. In total 195 patients returned the questionnaire, whose six questions required only a yes or no answer. More than half of the patients (102 (52%] could not recall having given their consent and 79 (40%) had one or more objections to the questions commonly asked by insurance companies. Questions about sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS led to the greatest proportion of objections (85% (67/79) and 80% (63/79) respectively). Over half (111 (57%) of the 195 respondents expected their doctor to withhold sensitive information. Of the 93 patients who gave their informed consent, 63 (68%) did not expect that their doctor would be asked to answer one or more of the common questions. In most cases the consent of patients to the release of confidential information to insurance companies is neither knowingly given nor informed.
If only WHI was done well
Authors: J. C Stevenson, H. N Hodis, J. H Pickar, R. A Lobo
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Barrington claims that the women’s health initiative (WHI) trial had impeccable standards.1 We recently highlighted some of its shortcomings relating to hormone replacement therapy (HRT).2

The data and safety monitoring board used a global index of health which was modified on three occasions, including once after formal monitoring had started. Although the oestrogen-progestogen arm of the studies was stopped after a designated safety boundary was breached, the oestrogen alone arm was stopped by staff of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute …
Sp alpha V/41: a common spectrin polymorphism at the alpha IV-alpha V domain junction. Relevance to the expression level of hereditary elliptocytosis due to alpha-spectrin variants located in trans.
Authors: N Alloisio, L Morlé, J Maréchal, A F Roux, M T Ducluzeau, D Guetarni, B Pothier, F Baklouti, A Ghanem, R Kastally
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Spectrin alpha-chain mutants associated with hereditary elliptocytosis are highly variable in their level of expression. It has been assumed that the degree of elliptocytosis can be increased when the spectrin alpha chain, encoded by the alpha gene in trans to the variant, is expressed at a low level. We now provide strong evidence for the existence of low-level expression of spectrin alpha chains. This condition is referred to as the alpha V/41 polymorphism. It has been observed in 15 different families or individuals of French, North African, and African ancestry in which seven distinct elliptocytogenic alpha-spectrin variants were co-inherited. Whenever the alpha V/41 polymorphism was present, the severity of the biochemical, morphological, and, sometimes, the clinical phenotype of elliptocytosis was increased. The alpha V/41 polymorphism was also frequently encountered among 36 unrelated control subjects in the heterozygous or homozygous states, and was entirely asymptomatic in both cases. The main biochemical feature was an increased susceptibility to proteolysis of the alpha IV-alpha V domain junction. Alteration of the facing beta IV domain of spectrin was demonstrated by in vitro spectrin dimer reconstitution experiments. It appears that the alpha V/41 polymorphism is often required for alpha-spectrin elliptocytogenic variants to become manifest in the heterozygous state. Thus, alpha-spectrin-related elliptocytosis may be viewed as a bifactorial condition.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Manual of Hospital Administration
Authors: Robert Patrick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 November 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Manual of Hospital AdministrationRobert Patrick, MD and Duncan Neuhauser, MDRobert Patrick, MDCase Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH 44106.Search for more papers by this author and Duncan Neuhauser, MDCase Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH 44106.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00034 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Manual of Hospital AdministrationVolume 1. Howard S. Rowland and Beatrice L. Rowland. Gaithersburg, Maryland: Aspen Publishers; 1992. $195.00.Hospitals alone account for $1 of every $20 (5%) of the Gross National Product. This book attempts to be the organizational manual for hospitals, inasmuch as any one book can be so. With 62 chapters, size alone distinguishes this book from one hundred others on hospital management. It is not casual bed-time reading and is too expensive for a textbook. It seems best suited as a reference in the hospital or management school library.The editors, Howard and Beatrice Rowland of Peakskill, New York, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH 44106. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 958KeywordsContinuous quality improvementForecastingHealth care quality assessmentLibrariesNursing administrationRisk management ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection
Authors: André J. Nahmias
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Disseminated herpetic infection occurred in a newborn infant girl, delivered by cesarean section, who survived after a stormy course. The source of her infection was found to be her mother who had a lesion of the cervix resembling invasive cervical carcinoma. Viral and serological studies confirmed the presence in both mother and infant of a primary infection with herpes simplex virus. The genital tract of mothers of infants with suspected herpetic infection should be studied carefully to ascertain a likely source of neonatal infection. Cesarean section should be considered in pregnant women with primary herpetic genital infections close to delivery, particularly if the membranes are still intact.
WEIGHT-CHANGE GUIDED TAILORED DIURETIC THERAPY TO DECOMPENSATED CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: Juliano Novaes Cardoso, Marcelo Eidi Ochiai, Paulo Cesar Morgado, Robinson Tadeu Munhoz, Múcio Tavares Oliveira, Milena Curuatti, Cristina Martins Reis, Kelly Regina, Antonio Pereira Barretto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The gastric response to a transpyloric duodenal tube.
Authors: G F Longstreth, J R Malagelada, V L Go
Journal: Gut (1975)

The quantification of gastric, pancreatic, biliary, and small bowel functions in man often requires the use of intestinal tubes. In this study, the presence of a transpyloric tube did not alter gastric emptying, acid secretion, or serum gastrin levels in response to an ordinary solid meal.
In vitro cell-mediated immune responses to the male specific(H-Y) antigen in mice.
Authors: R D Gordon, E Simpson, L E Samelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

C57BL/10 female mice were primed to the male specific antigen H-Y, either by grafting with syngeneic male tail skin or by i.p. injection of syngeneic male spleen cells. Primed female spleen cells, either unseparated or filtered through nylon wool to remove most of the B lymphocytes, were then cultured for 5 days in vitro with irradiated syngeneic male spleen cells and assayed against 51Cr-labeled target cells. Both unseparated and nylon wool filtered female cells displayed significant cytotoxic activity restricted to male target cells. Pretreatment of sensitized female cells with antitheta serum and complement just before assay abolished cytotoxic responses. We were unable to demonstrate cell-mediated cytotoxic responses into two nonresponding strains, CBA and B10.A, which fail to reject male isografts. The cytotoxic activity of C57BL/10 female cells was restricted to male target cells histocompatible with C57BL/10 over at least a portion of the major (H-2) histocompatibility complex. We conclude that secondary in vitro cytotoxic responses against the H-Y antigen are mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and that the H-Y target cell antigen may be specified by the H-2 complex.
Synergic Action of Intravenous Mercurials and Gum-saline in Nephrotic Nephritis
Authors: S. T. Winter
Journal: BMJ (1942)

MEDICARL1JSO`URNAL 367- pouch.Leakage did not occur, and the patient made an uneventful recovery.When seen ten weeks after operation the woman was very well and had returned to work.Since this note.was written the patient has been seen again.Several times she has had attacks of pain in the right hypo- chondrium, and on one occasion has had a feeling of chilliness with slight shivering-symptoms which may reasonably be attributed to a mild infection of the bile ducts.The attacks were not severe or prolonged, but they deserve mention, as other reports give conflicting accounts of the incidence and severity of this complication.
RENIN PROTEINURIA IN THE RAT
Authors: L. J. Rather, T. Addis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

The intraperitoneal injection of renin together with purified human hemoglobin or bovine albumin increases the weight of the kidneys and increases the number of athrocytosed particles of protein in the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. In the case of bovine albumin administration there is a threefold increase in protein excretion in those rats given renin as compared with those given bovine albumin alone. A possible explanation of these effects is given.
Intravenously injected insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I/IGF binding protein-3 complex exerts insulin-like effects in hypophysectomized, but not in normal rats.
Authors: J Zapf, C Hauri, E Futo, M Hussain, J Rutishauser, C A Maack, E R Froesch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) circulates in blood in two large molecular mass forms of 150 and 40 kD. Under normal conditions, most of the IGF is bound to the 150-kD complex by which it is retained in the circulation and therefore unable to exert acute insulin-like actions. The aim of this study was to answer the question whether or not IGF in the 40-kD complex is bioavailable to insulin target tissues and thus can cause acute insulin-like effects in vivo. Intravenously injected 1:1 molar recombinant human (rh) IGF I/rhIGF binding protein (BP)-3 complex lowered blood glucose and stimulated glycogen synthesis in diaphragm of hypophysectomized, but not of normal rats. The serum half-lives of the two components of the complex were similar to each other, but considerably shorter in hypox than in normal rats. On neutral gel filtration of serum both components of the injected complex appeared predominantly in the 150-kD region in normal rats. In hypox rats which lack the 150-kD complex they were found in the 40-kD region and disappeared rapidly from the circulation. We conclude that in the absence of the 150-kD complex, IGF associated with the 40-kD complex can rapidly leave the vascular compartment, reach insulin or type 1 IGF receptors and exert acute insulin-like effects.
Reversal of Severe Heart Failure With a Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device and Pharmacological Therapy
Authors: Emma J. Birks, Robert S. George, Mike Hedger, Toufan Bahrami, Penny Wilton, Christopher T. Bowles, Carole Webb, Robert Bougard, Mohammed Amrani, Magdi H. Yacoub, Gilles Dreyfus, Asghar Khaghani
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— We have previously shown that a specific combination of drug therapy and left ventricular assist device unloading results in significant myocardial recovery, sufficient to allow pump removal, in two thirds of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy receiving a Heartmate I pulsatile device. However, this protocol has not been used with nonpulsatile devices. Methods and Results— We report the results of a prospective study of 20 patients who received a combination of angiotensin-converting enzymes, β-blockers, angiotensin II inhibitors, and aldosterone antagonists followed by the β 2 -agonist clenbuterol and were regularly tested (echocardiograms, exercise tests, catheterizations) with the pump at low speed. Before left ventricular assist device insertion, patient age was 35.2±12.6 years (16 male patients), patients were on 2.0±0.9 inotropes, 7 (35) had an intra-aortic balloon pump, 2 were hemofiltered, 2 were ventilated, 3 had a prior Levitronix device, and 1 had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Cardiac index was 1.39±0.43 L · min −1 · m −2 , pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was 31.5±5.7 mm Hg, and heart failure history was 3.4±3.5 years. One patient was lost to follow-up and died after 240 days of support. Of the remaining 19 patients, 12 (63.2) were explanted after 286±97 days. Eight had symptomatic heart failure for ≤6 months and 4 for &gt;6 months (48 to 132 months). Before explantation, at low flow for 15 minutes, ejection fraction was 70±7, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was 48.6±5.7 mm, left ventricular end-systolic diameter was 32.3±5.7 mm, mV̇ o 2 was 21.6±4 mL · kg −1 · min −1 , pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was 5.9±4.6 mm Hg, and cardiac index was 3.6±0.6 L · min −1 · m −2 . Estimated survival without heart failure recurrence was 83.3 at 1 and 3 years. After a 430.7±337.1-day follow-up, surviving explants had an ejection fraction of 58.1±13.8, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter of 59.0±9.3 mm, left ventricular end-systolic diameter of 42.0±10.7 mm, and mV̇ o 2 of 22.6±5.3 mL · kg −1 · min −1 . Conclusions— Reversal of end-stage heart failure secondary to nonischemic cardiomyopathy can be achieved in a substantial proportion of patients with nonpulsatile flow through the use of a combination of mechanical and pharmacological therapy.
Frozen Embryos: Policy Issues
Authors: Clifford Grobstein, Michael Flower, John Mendeloff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Freezing of live human embryos in cleavage stages was highlighted in the U.S. media a year or so ago when an American couple died in a plane crash, leaving an heir in the United States and two frozen human embryos in an infertility center in Melbourne, Australia. Media attention focused on the legal status of the embryos with respect to inheritance,1 but other broader issues have been cited as well.2 3 4 Because freezing of embryos as an adjunct to external human fertilization (in vitro fertilization) is beginning to be done in the United States,1 such issues will have to be addressed, . . .
The homeobox gene<i>Hex</i>regulates hepatocyte differentiation from embryonic stem cell-derived endoderm
Authors: Atsushi Kubo, Yon Hui Kim, Stefan Irion, Shogo Kasuda, Mitsuaki Takeuchi, Kazuo Ohashi, Masayuki Iwano, Yoshiko Dohi, Yoshihiko Saito, Ralph Snodgrass, Gordon Keller
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We investigated the role of the hematopoietically expressed homeobox ( Hex ) in the differentiation and development of hepatocytes within embryonic stem cell (ESC)–derived embryoid bodies (EBs). Analyses of hepatic endoderm derived from Hex −/− EBs revealed a dramatic reduction in the levels of albumin ( Alb ) and alpha-fetoprotein ( Afp ) expression. In contrast, stage-specific forced expression of Hex in EBs from wild-type ESCs led to the up-regulation of Alb and Afp expression and secretion of Alb and transferrin. These inductive effects were restricted to c-kit+ endoderm-enriched EB-derived populations, suggesting that Hex functions at the level of hepatic specification of endoderm in this model. Microarray analysis revealed that Hex regulated the expression of a broad spectrum of hepatocyte-related genes, including fibrinogens, apolipoproteins, and cytochromes. When added to the endoderm-induced EBs, bone morphogenetic protein 4 acted synergistically with Hex in the induction of expression of Alb , Afp , carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, transcription factor 1, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α. These findings indicate that Hex plays a pivotal role during induction of liver development from endoderm in this in vitro model and suggest that this strategy may provide important insight into the generation of functional hepatocytes from ESCs. (Hepatology 2010.)
Aging and the Public Health Effects of Dementia
Authors: Claudia H. Kawas, Ron Brookmeyer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Dementia, and Alzheimer's disease in particular, is one of the principal causes of disability and decreased quality of life among the elderly and a leading obstacle to successful aging.1,2 In the next 50 years, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the United States is projected nearly to quadruple — which means that 1 in every 45 Americans will be afflicted with the disease.3 This dramatic increase in prevalence will result primarily from the aging of the population. The percentage of Americans older than 75 years of age is predicted to increase from approximately 5.9 percent in 2000 to 11.4 . . .
Nickel, hands and hip prostheses
Authors: DESMOND BURROWS, SANDRA CRESWELL, J.DESMOND MERRETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

SUMMARY The evidence on the effect of oral nickel on hand dermatitis in nickel sensitive patients is conflicting. The evidence of this study suggests that the amount in an ordinary diet plays no part in the chronicity of nickel dermatitis although this conclusion must be made with reservations because of the small number of patients in the present study. It may be that larger doses not found in a normal diet may have some aggravating effect. Low nickel diets are difficult due to the widespread distribution of nickel in food. There is no evidence that current metals on plastic hips sensitize to nickel or aggravate existing dermatitis. Nickel allergy is not a factor in rejection so patients who are allergic to metal do not necessarily require titanium hips and pre-operative patch testing is unnecessary.
Increasing Age and Survival After Bone Marrow Transplant
Authors: Lorentz Brinch
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Ringdén et al<sup>1</sup>conclude that among patients with leukemia who are older than 30 years at the time of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, increasing age into the fifth decade does not adversely affect outcome after transplants from HLA-identical siblings. This conclusion is based on results obtained in 2180 patients, only 80 of whom were older than 50 years. Ringdén et al admit that the patients were highly selected, since only data on transplanted patients reported to the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry were analyzed. Despite this, their main conclusion is made without reservation. From Table 2 in the article it is clear that the leukemia-free survival rate in 45- to 49-year-old patients at 2 years with advanced leukemia was 3%, and the treatment-related mortality rate was 94%. Results in patients 50 years or older with advanced disease were not evaluated. For patients with an intermediate state
ATMOSPHERIC POLLEN IN THE AREA OF ATHENS
Authors: E. K. APOSTOLOU, A. G. YANNITSAROS
Journal: Allergy (1977)

In this paper the results of an investigation on the pollen grains in the atmosphere of Athens, Greece, are presented. The work was carried out between June 1973 and August 1974. A gravity sampler, of the Durham type, was placed on the roof of King Paul Athens General Hospital. Slides covered with vaseline were exposed to the air for 24 h every day during the above-mentioned period. After staining , the pollen on each slide was counted in an area of 1.375 cm2 under a light microscope. The results obtained gave an indication of the approximate pollination period for each plant taxon and also the degree of pollen concentration over a particular area in Athens. Twenty-two types of pollen were found. Those that predominated are from Olea europaea (olive tree), Pinus Urticaceae, Plantago (plantains), Chenopodium (goose-foot), Rumex (docks), Eucalyptus and two as yet non-determined types. Most of them are found in the air duing the period March-July.