tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Thomas F. Imperiale
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters7 April 2015Genetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer ScreeningThomas F. Imperiale, MDThomas F. Imperiale, MDFrom Indiana University Medical Center, Regenstrief Institute, and Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5072-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although Weinberg and colleagues' study (1) is interesting and well-done, the negative results are not surprising. Among several possibilities for these results are the time frame for estimating risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), the magnitude of the risk, the 6-month interval for assessing screening uptake, and whether the genetic and environmental risk assessment had meaning to study participants.With regard to the time frame for CRC risk, it seems that study participants were told about their lifetime risk for this condition. Knowing about lifetime CRC risk may motivate persons or patients less—particularly in the short term (6 ...Reference1. Weinberg DS, Myers RE, Keenan E, Ruth K, Sifri R, Ziring B, et al. Genetic and environmental risk assessment and colorectal cancer screening in an average-risk population: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:537-45. [PMID: 25329201] doi:10.7326/M14-0765 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas F. Imperiale, MDAffiliations: From Indiana University Medical Center, Regenstrief Institute, and Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOf InterestForms.do?msNum=L15-0020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGenetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer Screening in an Average-Risk Population David S. Weinberg , Ronald E. Myers , Eileen Keenan , Karen Ruth , Randa Sifri , Barry Ziring , Eric Ross , and Sharon L. Manne Genetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer Screening in an Average-Risk Population David S. Weinberg , Ronald E. Myers , Eileen Keenan , Karen Ruth , Randa Sifri , Barry Ziring , Eric Ross , and Sharon L. Manne Genetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer Screening Sara M. Pirzadeh-Miller , Victoria M. Raymond , and Sara Knapke Genetic and Environmental Risk Assessment and Colorectal Cancer Screening Sara M. Pirzadeh-Miller , Victoria M. Raymond , and Sara Knapke Metrics 7 April 2015Volume 162, Issue 7Page: 526-527KeywordsCancer geneticsFolic acidForecastingGenetic testingGeneticsLesionsMedical risk factorsOverweightPerceptionRisk assessments ePublished: 7 April 2015 Issue Published: 7 April 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tuberculosis rates stable but at greatest since 1987
Authors: Claire Laurent
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Tuberculosis rates in the United Kingdom have levelled for the first time in 20 years but rates remain at their greatest since 1987, according to figures from the Health Protection Agency published last week.

The agency's annual report on tuberculosis reported 8113 new cases in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland in 2006, which is the same as in 2005. There were 20 more cases in Scotland in 2006 (384 cases) than in 2005, giving a UK-wide figure for 2006 of 8497 cases.

Ibrahim Abubakar, head of the …
DIABETES INSIPIDUS AS A SYMPTOM OF SCHAUMANN'S DISEASE
Authors: J. TILLGREN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1935)

Journal Article DIABETES INSIPIDUS AS A SYMPTOM OF SCHAUMANN'S DISEASE Get access J. TILLGREN, M.D. Prof. J. TILLGREN, M.D. Prof. Physician‐in‐Charge of the Medical Department, Maria Hospital, Stockholm Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 47, Issue 6, 1 June 1935, Pages 223–229, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1935.tb09860.x Published: 01 June 1935
Enlargement of perihepatic lymph nodes in relation to liver histology and viremia in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: C F Dietrich, J Lee, G Herrmann, G Teuber, W K Roth, W F Caspary, S Zeuzem
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Inflammatory processes in organs frequently lead to hyperplasia of regional lymph nodes. In the present study, we investigated whether lymph node enlargement within the hepatoduodenal ligament may reflect the inflammatory activity within the liver of patients chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). In 114 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 49 healthy controls, the total lymph node volume within the hepatoduodenal ligament was prospectively investigated by ultrasound. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, a liver biopsy was taken at the same occasion, and specimens were semiquantitatively evaluated by the histological activity index (HAI). Hepatitis C viremia was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Genotyping was performed by a reverse hybridization assay. In 104 of 114 patients (91.2%) and in 45 of 49 healthy controls (91.8%), adequate visualization of the region of the hepatoduodenal ligament was achieved by ultrasound. Lymph nodes were detected in all patients with chronic hepatitis C and in 33 of 45 controls. The mean perihepatic lymph node volume in healthy controls (2.2 +/- 1.8 mL) was lower than in HCV-infected patients with mild to moderate inflammatory activity, severe inflammatory activity, and patients with cirrhosis (5.8 +/- 2.2 mL, 18.1 +/- 10.4 mL, and 22.8 +/- 18.8 mL, respectively). In patients with HCV-RNA levels of less than 10(6) copies/mL, the total lymph node volume was 5.8 +/- 1.6 mL and was significantly increased in patients with higher viremia (20.3 +/- 13.8 mL; P < 10(-6)). No correlation was found between the total lymph node volume within the hepatoduodenal ligament, HCV genotypes, and liver function test results. In conclusion, enlargement of perihepatic lymph nodes in patients with chronic hepatitis C is predictive for the presence of severe inflammatory activity. The mechanism of portal lymphadenopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis is unknown but appears to be related to viral replication within the liver and the immune-mediated inflammatory response of the host.
Multiple Chemotherapeutic Agents for Hodgkin Disease
Authors: Leon Stutzman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Two hundred forty-seven patients with disseminated Hodgkin disease were randomly treated with one of three intensive multiple-agent regimens. Partial or complete response rates of 90% were obtained with each routine. The "MOPP" regimen—mechlorethamine hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate (Oncovin), procarbazine hydrochloride, and prednisone—yielded the longest duration of response but also had the highest toxicity. There was no difference in survival rates among patients on the three routines. Major factors associated with good response were female sex and little or no prior therapy. Minor favorable factors were stage III disease, lack of systemic symptoms, former responsiveness to therapy, and age of less than 60 years. The simultaneous dosage routine was superior in both response rate and lessened toxicity compared to sequential usage of the same drugs with the same total dosage.
Reply: Nonlinear Weight and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Effect Modeling to Improve Data Fitting
Authors: Akshay Sood, Hans Petersen, Paula Meek, Yohannes Tesfaigzi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

From the Authors:

We thank Marin and colleagues for their interest in our article (1), for proposing novel nonlinear analytic techniques, and for giving us the opportunity to respond to their letter.

We separately presented our analysis on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-only subjects in the online supplement (Tables E3 and E4). In the manuscript, we advised the readers that our subjects with COPD primarily had GOLD stage I and II disease and that our results were therefore generalizable to relatively milder COPD. (We chose not to focus on advanced COPD because the linear association of respiratory outcomes on body mass index for these subjects had been previously described by Landbo and colleagues [2]). We found that our associations were generally similar between those with COPD and those at-risk for COPD, and, therefore, we believe our approach of combining the two groups is reasonable.

We agree that readers may be able to better visualize nonlinear relationships generated by generalized regression spline graphics than by using our traditional tabular statistical approach. The authors of the letter also suggest the use of generalized regression spline modeling to construct data-driven threshold values for defining groups. However, we feel that the use of generalized regression spline modeling is more complicated for the reader to understand, and comparisons for statistical significance are more difficult, as the authors of the letter suggest. We defined our body mass index categories based on well-accepted norms of normal-weight, overweight, and obese (3). This allowed for greater ease of reader understanding. Therefore, we decided against the use of generalized regression spline modeling to define our category thresholds, although we admit that the proposed approach might be interesting.
Vaccines for Malaria: How Close Are We?
Authors: Mahamadou A. Thera, Christopher V. Plowe
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2012)

Vaccines are the most powerful public health tools mankind has created, but malaria parasites are bigger, more complicated, and wilier than the viruses and bacteria that have been conquered or controlled with vaccines. Despite decades of research toward a vaccine for malaria, this goal has remained elusive. Nevertheless, recent advances justify optimism that a licensed malaria vaccine is within reach. A subunit recombinant protein vaccine that affords in the neighborhood of 50% protective efficacy against clinical malaria is in the late stages of clinical evaluation in Africa. Incremental improvements on this successful vaccine are possible and worth pursuing, but the best hope for a highly efficacious malaria vaccine that would improve prospects for malaria eradication may lie with the use of attenuated whole parasites and powerful immune-boosting adjuvants.
An Evidence-Based Response to Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Gene Feder, C. Nadine Wathen, Harriet L. MacMillan
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Allergic Aspergillosis.
Authors: Norman S. Plummer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Allergic Aspergillosis.Norman S. Plummer, F.R.C.P.Norman S. Plummer, F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1175_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAllergic aspergillosis presents with repeated febrile episodes of collapse and consolidation of the lung, a raised blood eosinophil count, and Aspergillus fumigatus in the sputum. Often characteristic "sputum plugs" are coughed up. Although asthma usually procedes or follows the onset of the disease, it was absent in slightly less than half of my patients.Immunologic tests are of value, but the only really diagnostic feature is the histological appearance of the bronchial exudate. Fungal filaments are scanty in the inspissated mucus and do not form colonial growths as in other forms of aspergillosis. Silver staining is obligatory.A study of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: London, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1175-1176KeywordsAspergillosisAspergillus fumigatusAsthmaBloodBlood countsEosinophilsLungsMucusSputumStaining Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cost Effectiveness of Vaccination against Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Authors: Jane Sisk Willems, Claudia R. Sanders, Michael A. Riddiough, John C. Bell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We used cost-effectiveness analysis to examine the medical-care costs of vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia in relation to its effects on health. Vaccination could add a year of healthy life among all age groups for about $4,800 in net medical-care costs. Cost-effectiveness ratios vary according to the age of the person vaccinated--from $1,000 per year of healthy life for an adult 65 years old or older to $77,000 per year of healthy life for a child between the ages of two and four. These ratios may change substantially with variations in such factors as the cost of vaccination, the duration of immunity, the efficacy and composition of the vaccine, and the percentage of pneumonia that is pneumococcal. This analysis has particular relevance for the Medicare program, since present legislation excludes coverage of most immunizations and other preventive services. Provision of pneumococcal vaccine to the elderly and inclusion of the vaccine as a Medicare benefit merit serious consideration.
Reply to Michael Froehner, Rainer Koch, and Manfred P. Wirth's Letter to the Editor re: Karim A. Touijer, Clarisse R. Mazzola, Daniel D. Sjoberg, Peter T. Scardino, James A. Eastham. Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Lymph Node Metastasis Treated with Radical Prostatectomy Without Adjuvant Androgen-deprivation Therapy. Eur Urol 2014;65:20–5
Authors: Karim A. Touijer, Clarisse R. Mazzola, Daniel D. Sjoberg, Peter T. Scardino, James A. Eastham
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Janeway Lesions and Splinter Hemorrhages in a Patient With Eosinophilic Endomyocarditis
Authors: Shunya Usui, Teruki Dainichi, Akihiko Kitoh, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

tinued exposure and seasonal variation.In untreated cases, it may gradually spread and eventually progress to erythroderma over variable periods of time.Patch testing helps to determine the cause of the contact dermatitis.In this patient, we noted characteristic sparing of major skin folds of the abdomen and axillary regions, producing the deck-chair sign.This is a classic sign for PEO, which was first reported by Ofuji et al 1 in 1984 to describe 4 cases of papuloerythroderma with flat-topped papules that became generalized erythrodermic plaques with characteristic sparing of skin folds and flexures.4][5] In a study of 90 patients with erythroderma, Pal and Haroon 6 observed deck-chair sign in 5.5% of the cases.This shows that the deck-chair sign is typical but not pathognomonic of PEO, and it can be seen in a heterogeneous group of cutaneous disorders, including parthenium dermatitis.
Difficult Direct Laryngoscopy Complicating Intubation for Anaesthesia
Authors: N. M. Cass, N. R. James, V. Lines
Journal: BMJ (1956)

With the advent of relaxant agents in anaesthesia, making direct laryngoscopy easier, the employment of endotracheal anaesthesia has increased rapidly during the past decade.Laryngoscope design has been modified to simplify further the manceuvre of laryngoscopy (Macintosh, 1943), and the position of the head and neck which brings the axes of the larynx, pharynx, and mouth into line has been described (Bannister and Macbeth, 1944;Gillespie, 1948), so that Most endotracheal intu- bations provide no difficulty.There are, however, occa- sional cases in which direct laryngoscopy presents great difficulty.The following cases are worth reporting for this reason.It proved impossible to intubate one of these patients orally by the means available, while in the other four intubation was time-consuming.Case Reports Case 1.A man aged 22 presented with bowel obstruc-
Biosynthesis of Abnormally Glycosylated α-Antitrypsin by a Human Hepatoma Cell Line†
Authors: Joyce Carlson, Sten Eriksson, Ragnar Alm, Thomas Kjellstrom
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

The human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 synthesized and secreted a functional alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) glycoprotein with normal molecular size but retarded electrophoretic mobility. The total process of translation, glycosylation and export required about 40 min and followed the same synthetic pattern as seen in rat hepatocytes, i.e., a signal peptide is cleaved cotranslationally; a core-glycosylated protein in the high-mannose form is formed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, trimmed, and a stable complex-glycosylated alpha 1-AT is found intracellularly prior to export. alpha 1-AT export to medium was delayed by tunicamycin, inhibited by cycloheximide but unaffected by colchicine. After addition of exogenous alpha 1-AT to culture medium, neither negative nor positive feedback induction of synthesis could be demonstrated. Electrophoretic techniques indicated the presence of atypical, highly branched but incompletely sialylated carbohydrate chains in the hepatoma cell-derived alpha 1-AT. The accumulation of intracellular alpha 1-AT inclusions seen in the endoplasmic reticulum may reflect an imbalance between a high rate of polypeptide synthesis and terminal glycosylation.
Cameron defends moving NHS "from closed markets to open systems"
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The prime minister, David Cameron, this week defended the government’s controversial reorganisation of the NHS, saying that his mission in restructuring public services was to bring “the promise of opportunity, fairness, and excellence for all.”

Speaking on 17 January at the Royal Society of Arts, two days ahead of the publication of the Health and Social Care Bill, which will put GPs in charge of 80% of the NHS budget, Mr Cameron said that the country “can’t afford not to modernise” and that the coalition government “has a once in a lifetime opportunity to transform our public services.”

Modernisation meant going further than any previous government had dared, he said, to eliminate entrenched inefficiencies and “opening up the system, being competitive, and cutting out waste and bureaucracy.”

Mr Cameron admitted …
Contextual features of problem-solving and social learning give rise to spurious associations, the raw materials for the evolution of rituals
Authors: Daniel M. T. Fessler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

If rituals persist in part because of their memory-taxing attributes, from whence do they arise? I suggest that magical practices form the core of rituals, and that many such practices derive from learned pseudo-causal associations. Spurious associations are likely to be acquired during problem-solving under conditions of ambiguity and danger, and are often a consequence of imitative social learning.
Generation of primary cytotoxic lymphocytes against non-major histocompatibility complex antigens by anti-Ia serum plus complement-treated lymphocytes.
Authors: C E Hayes, S Macphail, F H Bach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

The results presented in this paper demonstrate that responding cells that remain after anti-Ia serum plus complement (C) treatment generate a highly significant in vitro cytotoxic response against minor histocompatibility complex antigens. The cytotoxic response appears to be antigen specific in that target cells of strains other than the sensitizing strain are not lysed, or lysed to a lesser extent. The cytotoxic cells are susceptible to anti-Thy-1 plus C lysis. Anti-Ia serum may function by removing an unprimed suppressor cell, although other mechanisms cannot be ruled out.
Is expansion of criteria for liver transplantation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma possible? Lessons from a long-term follow-up cohort study assessing predictors of recurrence and mortality
Authors: S. Le Calvez, V. Di Martino, E. Monnet, M.C. Becker, B. Kantelip, B. Heyd, A. Franza-Minello, P. Hillon, G. Mantion, J.P. Miguet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Inert Gas Diffusion Method for Measurement of Blood Flow Using Saturation Techniques
Authors: PER SEJRSEN, KNUD H. TØNNESEN
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

The isolated gastrocnemius muscle of the cat was used to study the relation between the desaturation of 133 xenon measured by external monitoring, and blood flow measured directly by a dropcounter. The metered blood flow agreed with that calculated from the initial slope of the desaturation curve from tissue equilibrated by prolonged intra-arterial infusion and also by atraumatic gas labelling of a local area of the muscle (approximately 0.15% of the muscle weight). In this sense the concept of uniform distribution of blood flow in skeletal muscle has received substantial support. The identity of the results obtained by local gas labelling and by intra-arterial equilibration of the whole muscle with gas implies that there is, at least initially, diffusion equilibrium between tissue and blood in both. However, the clearance curves could in no instance be fitted by a single exponential function. This indicates that the diffusion equilibrium is not maintained after the initial phase. It is suggested that this is not due to the presence of anatomical arteriovenous shunts or other types of uneven perfusion, but to counter current exchange of inert gas through the walls of vessels, i.e. shunting by diffusion explains the shape of the desaturation curves.