tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LINE-1-Derived Poly(A) Microsatellites Undergo Rapid Shortening and Create Somatic and Germline Mosaicism in Mice
Authors: Fiorella C. Grandi, James M. Rosser, Wenfeng An
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2012)

Interspersed and tandem repeat sequences comprise the bulk of mammalian genomes. Interspersed repeats result from successive replication by transposable elements, such as Alu and long interspersed element type 1 (L1). Microsatellites are tandem repeats of 1–6 base pairs, among which poly(A) microsatellites are the most abundant in the human genome. The rise and fall of a microsatellite has been depicted as a life cycle. Previous studies have demonstrated that Alu and L1 insertions are a major source of A-rich microsatellites owing to the concurrent formation of a poly(A) DNA tract at the 3′-end of each insertion. The fate of such poly(A) tracts has been studied by surveying the length distribution of genomic resident Alu and L1 insertions. However, these cross-sectional studies provide no information about the tempo of mutation immediately after birth. In this study, de novo L1 insertions were created using a transgenic L1 mouse model and traced through generations to investigate the early life of poly(A) microsatellites. High frequencies of intra-individual and intergenerational shortening were observed for long poly(A) tracts, creating somatic and germline mosaicism at the insertion site, whereas little variation was observed for short poly(A) alleles. As poly(A) microsatellites are the major intrinsic signal for nucleosome positioning, their remarkable abundance and variability make them a significant source of epigenetic variation. Thus, the birth of poly(A) microsatellites from retrotransposons and the subsequent rapid and variable shortening represent a new way with which retrotransposons can modify the genetic and epigenetic architecture of our genome.
Effect of cytosine arabinoside on leukemic blast cell colonies
Authors: P. Lacopino, M. Comis, M. R. Abenavoli, A. Neri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Effect of Cytosine Arabinoside on Leukemic Blast Cell ColoniesIt has been suggested that the antileukemic effect of low-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) mainly depends upon the progression of leukemic blasts to more differentiated cells induced by the drug [l].In the article by Pinkerton et al [2], however, evidence is provided that low-dose Ara-C in acute leukemia is cytotoxic.We would like to add further data to this concern by presenting the results of blast colony formation in vitro (CFU-L).Experiments were performed by culturing bone marrow cells of 13 patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia in the presence of Ara-C.Briefly, 2 x 105/ml blast cells
A Novel MLL5 Isoform That Is Essential to Activate <i>E6</i> and <i>E7</i> Transcription in HPV16/18-Associated Cervical Cancers
Authors: Chow Wenn Yew, Pei Lee, Wai Keong Chan, Vania Kai Jun Lim, Sun Kuie Tay, Theresa M.C. Tan, Lih-Wen Deng
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of human cervical cancer. The viral proteins E6 and E7 are essential to transform noncancerous epithelial cells into cancerous carcinomas by targeting key tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins, respectively, but the cellular factors involved in E6 and E7 transcription themselves are incompletely understood. In this study, we defined a novel isoform of the mixed lineage leukemia 5 gene (MLL5β) as a specific and critical regulator of E6 and E7 transcription in cervical carcinoma cells. MLL5β is present in HPV16/18-positive cells including human primary cervical carcinoma specimens. Interaction of MLL5β with the AP-1-binding site at the distal region of the HPV18 long control region led to activation of E6/E7 transcription. Conversely, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of MLL5β downregulated both E6 and E7 expression. MLL5β downregulation was sufficient to restore p53 protein levels and reduce Rb phosphorylation, thereby reactivating apoptosis and cell-cycle checkpoints. By defining this novel MLL5β isoform and its specific critical role in activating E6/E7 gene transcription in HPV16/18-induced cervical cancers, our work highlights the potential of MLL5β as a biomarker and new therapeutic target in primary HPV-induced cervical cancers.
Supernumerary Left Kidney
Authors: Newrhee Kim, Elizabeth Yung, Douglas S. Katz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 77-year-old woman with a history of right breast cancer and recently diagnosed B-cell lymphoma was evaluated for developing renal insufficiency with ultrasound and a Tc-99m MAG3 renal scan. These studies demonstrated the presence of 3 functioning native kidneys. Supernumerary kidneys are a very rare congenital anomaly, and the use of renal scintigraphy plays an important role in both the diagnosis and the evaluation of renal function in such patients.
Severe Hypercalcemia in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report
Authors: Tafadzwa Makaya, Sumana Chatterjee, Paul Arundel, Cliff Bevan, Neil P. Wright
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

A 12-year-old boy presented to a district hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): pH, 6.97; base excess, −27.5 mmol/L; bicarbonate, 2.5 mmol/L; glucose 29 mmol/L. A urinalysis showed 4+ ketones (≥160 mg/dL). Standard DKA management according to U.K. guidelines was instituted (1). Fluid was replaced at maintenance plus 7.5% dehydration, with correction over 48 h.

Within 2 h, the boy developed signs and symptoms of cerebral edema and was treated with intravenous mannitol (5 mL/kg × 2), and fluids were decreased by one-third. A further fall in his Glasgow Coma Score was managed with hypertonic (2.7%) saline (5 mL/kg), intubation and ventilation, and transfer to the regional pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). At the PICU, a decision was made to give maintenance fluid plus 5% dehydration correction over 72 h as a neuroprotective strategy.

Within an hour of the boy’s admission …
Minnesota maverick: Owen H. Wangensteen
Authors: N. Y. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Allergy to Radioisotopes Nonexistent
Authors: August Miale
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> If indeed Alker et al have had "Long-Term Experience with Isotope Cisternography," (<b>219</b>:1005,1972), they should be aware that "allergy to isotope" is an unknown entity in nuclear medicine procedures. One hundred microcuries of<sup>131</sup>I would contain.00000081 mg of iodine (8.1×10<sup>-8</sup>mg). Normal cerebrospinal fluid contains 0.2μg/100 ml to 18μg/100 ml. The total volume is 100 to 150 ml. During the performance of radioisotope cisternography, one is then adding three orders of magnitude less than the iodine that normally exists. This, of course, does not eliminate the possibility of iodine hypersensitivity, but to reiterate, there is no documented case of hypersensitivity reaction to administered radioisotope. If one complies with the regulation of administering less than 4 mg of albumin in toto, the incidence of adverse effects from this very useful diagnostic procedure is negligible. The same principles apply to radioisotopic studies of the kidneys. Hypersensitivity
A Functional Genetic Approach Identifies the PI3K Pathway as a Major Determinant of Trastuzumab Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Katrien Berns, Hugo M. Horlings, Bryan T. Hennessy, Mandy Madiredjo, E. Marielle Hijmans, Karin Beelen, Sabine C. Linn, Ana Maria Gonzalez-Angulo, Katherine Stemke-Hale, Michael Hauptmann, Roderick L. Beijersbergen, Gordon B. Mills, Marc J. van de Vijver, René Bernards
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
The Myth of the Diabetic Personality
Authors: Stewart M Dunn, John R Turtle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

Since Daniel's comprehensive literature review in 1935, there have been 7 major review articles and 28 empirical studies of the personality characteristics of the diabetic patient. The results have been contradictory and inconclusive. A critical review of the methodologic problems in the literature leads to the conclusion that sampling bias invalidates the generalization of specific findings from these studies to the diabetic population as a whole. The clinical heterogeneity of diabetes is matched by the psychological heterogeneity of its sufferers.
The effects of topical and systemic glucocorticosteroids on DNA synthesis in different tissues of the hairless mouse
Authors: ROBERT C. MARSHALL, MICHAEL BURROWS, LEONARD G. BROOKES, ANTHONY VIVIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article The effects of topical and systemic glucocorticosteroids on DNA synthesis in different tissues of the hairless mouse Get access ROBERT C. MARSHALL, ROBERT C. MARSHALL Upjohn Limited, Crawley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MICHAEL BURROWS, MICHAEL BURROWS Upjohn Limited, Crawley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LEONARD G. BROOKES, LEONARD G. BROOKES Upjohn Limited, Crawley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANTHONY DU VIVIER ANTHONY DU VIVIER Kings College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 5, 1 November 1981, Pages 517–520, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00794.x Published: 01 November 1981 Article history Accepted: 23 December 1980 Published: 01 November 1981
REGRESSION OF TRANSPLANTED LYMPHOMAS INDUCED IN VIVO BY MEANS OF NORMAL GUINEA PIG SERUM
Authors: John G. Kidd
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

In an extension of the experimental studies recorded in an associated paper; attempts were made to isolate and characterize the constituent of guinea pig serum responsible for inducing regression of transplanted lymphomas in vivo. The active material was precipitated readily from the whole serum, along with some of the globulins, by means of ammonium sulfate in concentrations of 2.0 molar or greater; it withstood heating at 56 degrees C. for 20 or 30 minutes, but was inactivated upon heating at 66 degrees C. for similar periods; it was completely inactivated by chymotrypsin in concentrations of 1 or 2 mg./cc. during 6 hours at 37 degrees C. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of small amounts of the guinea pig serum in vivo were enhanced upon admixture with immune sera prepared by injecting the lymphosarcoma cells into rabbits. The facts as a whole suggest that the active material is a protein, and that it may be one or another of the components of complement; yet they do not suffice to establish its identity. Microscopic studies showed that the cells of subcutaneous lymphomas rapidly died and were resorbed following injections of relatively large amounts of guinea pig serum intraperitoneally into mice carrying them, while similar changes followed more gradually after repeated injections of smaller amounts of guinea pig serum. No changes referable to the guinea pig serum were seen in the normal tissues or organs of mice receiving it. Mouse lymphoma cells, suspended artificially as individuals in a physiological saline solution, regularly remained viable following incubation in vitro in mixture with guinea pig serum during 6 hours at 37 degrees C. The finding provides strong evidence that the regression of lymphomas that follows injection of guinea pig serum in vivo is brought about through some reaction in which the guinea pig serum and the host both participate. Some of the implications of the findings are discussed.
Firearm Injury Prevention
Authors: Jack Ginsburg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 November 1998Firearm Injury PreventionJack Ginsburg, MPEJack Ginsburg, MPEAmerican College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine; Washington, DC 20006Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-9-199811010-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The ACP-ASIM contends that gun violence and the prevention of firearms injuries must be dealt with not only as a criminal justice issue but also as a high-priority public health issue. This approach emphasizes the prevention of avoidable deaths and injuries, not the net balance of legitimate versus criminal uses of guns. Recognizing Second Amendment rights, ACP-ASIM advocates some restrictions on firearms, not a complete ban, to assure that guns are used safely and appropriately. Analyses of the recent study by Lott and Mustard, which suggests that there is a deterrent effect on crime, reveal that the study ...References1. Black D, Nagin D. Do “right to carry” laws reduce violent crime? Journal of Legal Studies. [In press]. Google Scholar2. Webster DW. The claims that right-to-carry laws reduce violent crime are unsubstantiated. The Jophns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research. 1997. Google Scholar3. Ludwig J. Concealed-gun-carrying laws and violent crime: evidence from state panel data. International Review of Law and Economics. [In press]. Google Scholar4. Cook PJ, Ludwig J, Hemenway D. The gun debate's new mythical number: how many defensive uses per year? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 1997; 16:463-9. Google Scholar5. Bureau of Justice Statistics. Guns and Crime: Handgun Victimization, Firearm Self-Defense, and Firearm Theft (1987-92). April 1994, NCJ-147003. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine; Washington, DC 20006 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by‘ It’s changed how we have these conversations ’: emergency department clinicians’ experiences implementing firearms and other lethal suicide methods counseling for caregivers of adolescents 1 November 1998Volume 129, Issue 9Page: 751-752KeywordsCrimeFirearm injuriesHomicidePrevention, policy, and public healthStatistical dataSuicideViolent crime Issue Published: 1 November 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Severe Dermatitis and "Biological" Detergents
Authors: L. T. Bowerman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MEDBITCSJNHALdescribed, probably nine would fall into the category of true primary irritation, but whether any of these are due to detergents or, more particularly, are the same as the cases described by Dr. N. E. Jensen (31 January, p. 299) could only be established by a careful investigation into the aetiology.The manufacturers of detergents are only too conscious of their responsibility to the public
Lack of Metabolic Effects of Cholecystokinin on Hepatocytes
Authors: Louis J. Kost, Gregory J. Gores, John M. Sayles, Laurence J. Miller, John J. Lemasters, Brian Herman, Nicholas F. Larusso
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

We previously reported that the liver was the major organ that extracts small, biologically active, circulating forms of cholecystokinin. Although our work indicated extensive degradation of cholecystokinin extracted from plasma during its transit across the hepatocyte, it was unclear whether cholecystokinin might also have a physiological effect on this cell before its intracellular degradation. Therefore we tested the hypothesis that cholecystokinin has a direct biological effect on hepatocytes. Using freshly isolated or cultured hepatocytes, we studied whether cholecystokinin–octapeptide alters protein synthesis, affects amino acid transport or influences cytosolic free calcium concentrations. Using liver slices, we also determined the effect of cholecystokinin–octapeptide on cyclic nucleotide levels. Cholecystokininoctapeptide, up to a concentration of 1 μmol/L, had no effect on the incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into total hepatocyte protein; in contrast, comparable molar amounts of insulin stimulated protein synthesis by as much as 37% (ED 50 = 1.5 × 10 -10 mol/L). Although insulin and glucagon stimulated the transport into hepatocytes of 14 C–α–aminoisobutyric acid, a nonmetabolizable amino acid analog, cholecystokinin–octapeptide had no effect. Cholecystokinin–octapeptide also did not affect either the concentration of calcium in individual hepatocytes, as measured by digitized video microscopy using Fura–2, or the levels of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP in liver slices. Our results show that cholecystokinin has no effect on protein synthesis, on amino acid transport or on hepatocyte calcium and cyclic nucleotide levels. These and our previous data suggest that the primary outcome of hepatic extraction of cholecystokinin is hormone degradation. (Hepatology 1990;12:301-305).
Positive dromotropic effects of the vagus nerves on the canine atrioventricular node
Authors: D. V. PRIOLA, C. Anagnostelis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Journal Article Positive dromotropic effects of the vagus nerves on the canine atrioventricular node Get access DONALD V. PRIOLA, DONALD V. PRIOLA From the Department of Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Constantine Anagnostelis Constantine Anagnostelis From the Department of Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 6, Issue 2, March 1972, Pages 155–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/6.2.155 Published: 01 March 1972
Cardiovascular Diseases and Pregnancy
Authors: T. Keith Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This little book would have been most welcome the year that I was chief resident in my obstetrics-gynecology training program. Every Monday afternoon, one of us had to give a comprehensive review of the literature on some aspect of obstetrics or gynecology. Dr Oleg Eliseev has collated much of what is available in the world's literature on cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy and sticks the material together with a few comments of his own. Each cardiac disease found in pregnancy is summarized in a page or two, with the material being presented in the same pattern over and over. The title of the disease, such as tetralogy of Fallot, valvular pulmonic stenosis, or Eisenmenger's syndrome, will head the paragraph. Dr Eliseev then discusses the incidence of the disease in adults, something about the cardiac defect that is encountered, the hemodynamic shifts, and clinical manifestations, and finally he describes the special aspects
Effects of Anesthetics on Various Organs
Authors: S. H. Ngai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The practice of anesthesia has changed perceptibly over the past decades. The use of inflammable anesthetics has dwindled. Supplementation of nitrous oxide with narcotics or other intravenous anesthetics has gained popularity. Administration of light levels of general anesthesia seems to be the mode. Because of these light levels, the actions of anesthetics on various organs are often attenuated by autonomic and endocrinologic responses to anesthetic and surgical manipulations.Heart and CirculationAll inhalational anesthetics currently being used, including nitrous oxide, depress myocardial function. Measured with a variety of techniques, the depressant effect of potent anesthetics such as halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, . . .
Screening for Aldosteronism
Authors: Myron H. Weinberger
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  The recent editorial regarding Screening for Aldosteronism (243:151, 1980) omitted some of our work (237:1331, 1977) 1 relating a larger experience with primary aldosteronism than that of the studies cited in the editorial and which we believe to enable more systematic evaluation of screening procedures. The prevalence estimates of any form of secondary hypertension are influenced by the nature and criteria of patient selection as well as the sensitivity of the diagnostic maneuvers. We agree with other investigators that no single screening procedure provides complete (100%) sensitivity and specificity. However, in reviewing our population of 51 operatively confirmed patients with primary aldosteronism, 1 we have commented that while 22% of these patients did not have hypokalemia (
Abstract 4350: Normal stem cells exhibit hypersensitivity and cell death in response to ionizing radiation
Authors: Sandeep Misri, Keith Jacobs, Dennis E. Hallahan, Girdhar G. Sharma
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Radiotherapy is an efficient method of treating cancer. Several decades of clinical observation in patients treated with radiation/ radiomimetic drugs has, however, revealed undesirable consequences to the normal tissue. Ionizing radiation induced normal tissue injury manifests through symptoms such as hair loss, skin regeneration defects, erosion of intestinal epithelium, hematopoietic anomalies, diminished sperm counts, infertility, neuro-cognitive impairments etc. The phenomenon of “stem cell drop-out” can be attributed as the underlying cause for these side effects. However, insufficient research has been conducted for investigating the relative radiosensitivity of undifferentiated stem/ progenitor cells compared to their differentiated progenies and the underlying molecular mechanisms of this differential radiation response (DNA damage response and IR induced apoptotic response). We demonstrate stem cell specific apoptosis and hypersensitivity to low dose IR in various stem cell niches in vivo. Further, this stem cell hypersensitivity observed in the mouse tissue niches, is recapitulated in multiple primary cell culture models of undifferentiated stem cells and isogenic differentiated cells grown in appropriate stem cell culture/ differentiation conditions. Cell cycle parameters, checkpoint response and radiosensitive phases of these cells have been studied. Towards characterizing the novel associations between cellular differentiation, DNA damage response and apoptotic response, we have studied alterations in transcription profiles of stem and isogenic differentiated cells with and without radiation. Our investigation has uncovered transcriptional induction and suppression of genes that are unique to differentiation states. Results of our studies will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4350. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4350