tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic characterization of the β3-adrenergic receptor mutation and the uncoupling protein 1 polymorphism in Japanese men
Authors: Tetsuo Hayakawa, Yukihiro Nagai, Masayuki Taniguchi, Haruhisa Yamashita, Toshinari Takamura, Toshio Abe, Gakuji Nomura, Ken-ichi Kobayashi
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Endothelin production in pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis.
Authors: K Yamamoto, U Ikeda, H Mito, H Fujikawa, H Sekiguchi, K Shimada
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Although plasma endothelin concentrations are elevated in patients with pulmonary hypertension, the precise sites of endothelin production have not been defined. We investigated the endothelin production in the pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis and its effects on pulmonary vascular tone. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and thrombomodulin in blood samples obtained from the right and left atria of 10 consecutive patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (mean age, 55 years; range, 39 to 68) who were undergoing percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty. Plasma levels of endothelin-1 were significantly higher in the left atrium than in the right atrium (3.25 +/- 0.45 versus 2.53 +/- 0.36 pg/mL, mean +/- SE, P &lt; .001). The increased plasma endothelin-1 level in the left atrium, which reflected endothelin-1 production in the pulmonary circulation, was correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = .65, P = .04), mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (r = .67, P = .03), total pulmonary resistance (r = .68, P = .03), and 1/mitral valve area (r = .85, P = .002) but not with pulmonary vascular resistance (r = .04, P = .91). There were no significant differences in plasma levels of angiotensin II and thrombomodulin between the right and left atria (angiotensin II, 16.40 +/- 3.08 versus 15.50 +/- 4.85 pg/mL; thrombomodulin, 2.96 +/- 0.34 versus 2.85 +/- 0.37 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS Endothelin-1 production is increased in the pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis in response to increased pulmonary artery pressure but is not directly related to increased pulmonary vascular tone in this disorder.
High‐dose cyclophosphamide and etoposide for patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A case series
Authors: Jeffrey Talbot, David A. Rizzieri, Carlos M. DeCastro, Joseph O. Moore, Patrick Buckley, Rhonda Laney, Diane Stevenson, Heather Brumbaugh, Jon P. Gockerman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)
Medicine Before Science: The Business of Medicine from the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment
Authors: P. Morrell
Journal: BMJ (2003)

This study of the changes wrought on medieval medicine by the “scientific revolution” is less detailed than other books on medical beliefs and practices. French claims that the book is not a history of medical ideas, but he depicts medicine as ever seeking to reconcile medical practice with a “medical theology” derived from Aristotle and Galen.

The entire edifice of Aristotelian notions regarding the body, the heavens, and …
On the Causation and Significance of the Choked Disc in Intracranial Diseases
Authors: W. H. Broadbent
Journal: BMJ (1872)

THE Bi0ITISH MAEDICAL 7OURNAL.633 tint.It was semi-transparent, fluctuant and somewhat wrinkled on the surface.It became tense when the child cried.On looking through it, several strice were seen passing over its internal surface.On March 27, 1872, it was tapped with a grooved needle, and about three ,ounces of a fluid resembling cerebro-spinal were drawn off.The child did not suffer; and, as the fluid continued to exude, the opening (which was made upon the riaht side towards the top) was closed by means of collodion.On April I the child was in fair condition, had no diarrhoea, took the breast well, and was in all respects healthy.On April 2 the tumour was again tapped, and about two ounces of fluid were drawn off.After the tapping the fontanelle was depressed, but by night it was again normal.The child continued well, and no leakage took place.The tumour was dressed with a small piece of oiled lint.On April 5 the tumour was tapped with a small trocar and cannula, and half its contents were drawn off.About two drachms of a solution of iodine in glycerine were slowly injected, and the tumour was dressed with oiled lint.The child suiffered a little from shock at first, hut soon recovered.It continuied well during the day, taking the breast well.
Diagnosis and management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children, young people, and adults: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: T. Kendall, E. Taylor, A. Perez, C. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood condition that may affect different areas of the child's life, seriously impairing academic achievement, peer relationships, and self care. Many affected children become socially isolated and develop conduct problems. Some 15% of children with ADHD will still have the condition in adulthood, and even more will develop a personality disorder and/or a substance misuse disorder in adulthood.1 2 3 Diagnosis rates for ADHD and prescriptions of stimulant medication have risen substantially in England during the past decade, with 220 000 prescriptions for stimulants (costing about £5m (€6.3m; $9.4m)) in 1998 and 418 300 (almost £13m) in 2004.4 The prescription of stimulants, which are potential drugs of misuse, to children remains controversial, with concerns about their safety and the potential for misuse and diversion (where the drug is passed on to others for non-prescription use).This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on the diagnosis and management of ADHD in children, young people and adults.5 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the guideline development group's opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Service organisation and training of professionals Specialist ADHD teams for children and young people and equivalent teams for adults should jointly develop training programmes on the diagnosis and management of ADHD for all mental health, paediatric, social care, educational, forensic, and primary care providers who have contact with people with ADHD. [ Based on opinion of the Guideline Development Group ] ### Diagnosis and assessment
Pulmonary Vein Obstruction After Catheter Ablation Following Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Yasushi Akutsu, Kyouichi Kaneko, Yusuke Kodama, Hui-Ling Li, Jumpei Suyama, Akira Shinozuka, Takehiko Gokan, Yuji Hamazaki, Kaoru Tanno, Youichi Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Book: Caring for Muslim Patients
Authors: G.-A. Galanti
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Eds Aziz Sheikh, Abdul Rashid Gatrad Radcliffe Medical Press, £17.95, pp 155 ISBN 1 85775 372 0 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Treating illness is difficult enough without throwing in the added complication of religious and cultural differences. Yet healthcare workers in many countries are faced with the problem of treating patients whose beliefs and behaviours about health and illness may be completely different from their own. Muslim patients are but one of many groups that present such a challenge. Consider … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Recovery of energy metabolism in rat brain after carbon monoxide hypoxia.
Authors: S D Brown, C A Piantadosi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Carbon monoxide (CO) may inhibit mitochondrial electron transport in the brain and increase the toxic effects of the gas. This hypothesis was investigated in anesthetized rats during CO exposure and recovery at either normobaric or hyperbaric O2 concentrations. During exposure and recovery, we measured the oxidation level of cerebrocortical cytochrome c oxidase by differential spectroscopy and biochemical metabolites known to reflect aerobic energy provision in the brain. CO exposure (HbCO = 71 +/- 1%) significantly decreased blood pressure and cytochrome oxidation level. Cerebral ATP was maintained while lactate/pyruvate, glucose, and succinate rose, and phosphocreatine (PCr) fell, relative to control (P less than 0.05). Intracellular pH (pHi) calculated from the PCr equilibrium also declined during the exposures. During recovery, HbCO fell more rapidly at hyperbaric than at normobaric O2 levels, but returned to 10% or less in both groups by 45 min. Cytochrome oxidation state improved to 80% of control after 90 min at normobaric O2, but recovered completely after hyperbaric O2 (P less than 0.05). In normobaric O2, PCr and pHi continued to fall for 45 min after CO exposure and did not recover completely by 90 min. PCr and pHi in animals after hyperbaric O2 improved within 45 min, but also remained below control at 90 min. These data indicate that intracellular uptake of CO can impair cerebral energy metabolism, despite the elimination of HbCO from the blood.
Eugene Anson Stead, Jr.: An Appreciation
Authors: JOHN B. HICKAM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Article1 November 1968Eugene Anson Stead, Jr.: An AppreciationJOHN B. HICKAM, M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN B. HICKAM, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-69-5-993 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe stead symposium was held by pupils who wished to honor their teacher, and so it is proper here to consider some of the qualities of this teacher.His great effectiveness can be shown by an example. On the office walls of some of his early pupils are two pictures of the full-time medical staff of the Grady Hospital in 1943 and 1946. Counting everybody, from interns to the professor, there are 50 people in those 2 pictures, nearly all very young. Ten of these people were afterwards chairmen of departments of medicine, neurology, psychiatry, physiology, or pathology. We do... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Indianapolis, IndianaFrom the Department of Medicine, University of Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind.Requests for reprints should be addressed to John B. Hickam, M.D., Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center, 1100 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind. 46202. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe History of Pathologists' Assistants: A Tale of 2 Educational Mavericks 1 November 1968Volume 69, Issue 5Page: 993-996KeywordsMedical staffNeurology Issue Published: 1 November 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Some Familiar Trade-offs
Authors: Stephen G. Pauker, Richard I. Kopelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

A 77-year-old man with mitral-valve prolapse said he had had insomnia and shortness of breath for five days. A murmur of mitral regurgitation had first been noted nine years earlier.The patient's mitral regurgitation could have progressed, producing congestive heart failure, but in an elderly man coronary artery disease and a myocardial infarction would surely be possible. I wonder if the patient is a smoker with chronic pulmonary disease. He could have pneumonia, but I would put congestive heart failure first on my list.He was short of breath when walking across the room, but he had . . .
Report of the Expert Panel on Awareness and Behavior Change to the Board of Directors, American Heart Association
Authors: Richard A. Carleton, Terry Bazzarre, John Drake, Andrea Dunn, Edwin B. Fisher, Scott M. Grundy, Laura Hayman, Martha N. Hill, Edward W. Maibach, James Prochaska, Tom Schmid, Sidney C. Smith, Mervyn W. Susser, John W. Worden
Journal: Circulation (1996)
Purchaser-provider: the international dimension
Authors: A. Mason, K. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Purchaser-provider systems in health care are being implemented in several countries and are under consideration in many more.These new arrange- ments are described for the United Kingdom, Finland, New Zealand, and Australia, and in each case responsibility for funding, purchasing, provid- ing, and ownership is identified.The four systems, along with managed care organisations in the United States, are also compared with regard to several important features.There is a fundamental simi- larity between these purchaser-provider arrange- ments but several key differences are well worth systematic study.This is a major challenge for academic bodies in Britain and other countries, and the opportunity to learn from each other should not be missed.L.
The Geriatric Consultation Team
Authors: Michael R. Wasserman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1989The Geriatric Consultation TeamMichael R. Wasserman, MDMichael R. Wasserman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-942_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:McVey and colleagues (1) conclude that a geriatric consultation team did not alter the degree of functional decline in elderly hospitalized patients. This negative conclusion may not be justified. Applying their criteria for functional improvement, they note that 34% of the patients in the intervention group improved, compared with 26% in the control group. They acknowledge the trend towards significance based on the confidence intervals, but state that it was a negative study because the results were not statistically significant. Others (2, 3) have shown the importance of looking at confidence intervals before labeling an intervention group...References1. McVey L, Becker P, Saltz C, Feussner J, and Cohen H. Effect of a geriatric consultation team on functional status of elderly hospitalized patients: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:79-84. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Freiman J, Chalmers T, Smith H, and Kuebler R. The importance of beta, the type II error and sample size in the design and interpretation of the randomized control trial: survey of 71 "negative" trials. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:690-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Simon R. Confidence intervals for reporting results of clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:429-35. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Rubenstein L. Comprehensive geriatric assessment, pp 724-7. In: Solomon DH, moderator. New issues in geriatric care. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:718-32. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael R. Wasserman, MDAffiliations: UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA 90024 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1989Volume 110, Issue 11Page: 942-942KeywordsConfidence intervalsElderlyGeriatrics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Novel Mechanism for B Cell Repertoire Maturation Based on Response by B Cell Precursors to Pre–B Receptor Assembly
Authors: R. Wasserman, Y.-S. Li, S.A. Shinton, C.E. Carmack, T. Manser, D.L. Wiest, K. Hayakawa, R.R. Hardy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

The expression of different sets of immunoglobulin specificities by fetal and adult B lymphocytes is a long-standing puzzle in immunology. Recently it has become clear that production of immunoglobulin μ heavy chain and subsequent assembly with a surrogate light chain to form the pre-B cell receptor complex is critical for development of B cells. Here we show that instead of promoting pre–B cell progression as in adult bone marrow, this complex inhibits pre–B cell growth in fetal liver. Curiously, we identify a fetal-associated VH11 μ heavy chain that allows continued pre-B proliferation in fetal liver. Interestingly, this heavy chain does not associate efficiently with a surrogate light chain, providing a previously unrecognized mechanism for skewing the expression of distinctive VH genes toward fetal through early neonatal life.
Maternal Factors in Neonatal Hypocalcaemia: A Study in Three Ethnic Groups
Authors: P. J. M. Watney, G. W. Chance, P. Scott, J. M. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

To assess the significance of various maternal and neonatal factors in the aetiology of neonatal tetany we have investigated the serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase of 250 mothers from three ethnic groups at several stages of pregnancy and the serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium of many of their infants. Subclinical hypocalcaemia was found to be much commoner in full-term infants on the sixth day of life than is generally appreciated, especially during the winter months and in babies of Asian parents. It is considered that this is a result of high phosphorus loads in artificial milks and is also influenced by maternal vitamin D and possibly calcium intake during pregnancy. The importance of ensuring that Asian women take adequate vitamin D supplements during pregnancy is stressed.
Classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Central and South America: a review of 1028 cases
Authors: Javier A. Laurini, Anamarija M. Perry, Eugene Boilesen, Jacques Diebold, Kenneth A. MacLennan, H. Konrad Müller-Hermelink, Bharat N. Nathwani, James O. Armitage, Dennis D. Weisenburger
Journal: Blood (2012)
The Effect of Smoking upon Blood Flow in the Sympathectomized Limb
Authors: SAMUEL I. RAPAPORT, HUGH A. FRANK, THEODORE B. MASSELL
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The effect of smoking upon the blood flow of a sympathectomized limb was examined in 19 patients. Sympathectomy was found to abolish the peripheral vasoconstriction produced by smoking. The constriction, therefore, is mediated by sympathetic vasomotor fibers and not by humoral agents such as adrenaline or posterior pituitary hormone. There is no difference in the response of patients sympathectomized for thromboangiitis obliterans, arteriosclerosis or severe vasospasm. The relation between the vasoconstrictor effect of smoking and the action of tobacco in thromboangiitis obliterans is discussed.
Remarks on the Effect of Resistance Exercise upon the Circulation in Man, Local and General
Authors: T. L. Brunton, F. W. Tunnicliffe
Journal: BMJ (1897)

THE extensive therapeutic use of so-called resistance .cises in certain disturbances of the circulation it, our opinion, of interest to find out what changes occurred the circulation in man during and after the practice exercises.Before passing to the description and discussion experiments, we may consider briefly what is known local and general effects upon the circulation of tion of a musle or group of muscles.Ludwig and pupils, Sczelkow, Sadler,' and Gaskell, were the first to investigate this subject exactly.Two points in Sadler's results interest to us in this connection.He found that passed through a muscle when in a condition of contraction than when at rest, and that the most blood in a unit passed through a muscle immediately after its contraction.He further found that when a group of muscles made to contract but were prevented from form, that is, from becoming shortened, considerably blood passed through them in unit time than passed muscles thrown into contraction and also shortened.Gaskell's 2 results in the main confirm Sadler's. of difference which are of interest to us are, that muscles thrown into tetanus for a short time seconds)3, there often occurred no increase in the rate of the contraction, when the spurt of blood coincident commencement of the tetanus had ceased.Further, maximum rate of flow was always obtained
Promoter Methylation of <i>CDO1</i> Identifies Clear-Cell Renal Cell Cancer Patients with Poor Survival Outcome
Authors: Ivette A.G. Deckers, Leo J. Schouten, Leander Van Neste, Iris J.H. van Vlodrop, Patricia M.M.B. Soetekouw, Marcella M.L.L. Baldewijns, Jana Jeschke, Nita Ahuja, James G. Herman, Piet A. van den Brandt, Manon van Engeland
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

In this era of molecular diagnostics, prediction of clear-cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) survival requires optimization, as current prognostic markers fail to determine individual patient outcome. Epigenetic events are promising molecular markers. Promoter CpG island methylation of cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1), which was identified as prognostic marker for breast cancer, is studied as a potential marker for ccRCC survival.
The loss of renal dendritic cells and activation of host adaptive immunity are long-term effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury following syngeneic kidney transplantation
Authors: Kikumi S. Ozaki, Shoko Kimura, Michael A. Nalesnik, Rita M. Sico, Matthew Zhang, Shinya Ueki, Mark A. Ross, Donna B. Stolz, Noriko Murase
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
C-terminal part of alpha-synuclein mediates its activity in promoting proliferation of dopaminergic cells
Authors: Juanjuan Yin, Tao Wang, Junyan Han, Chen Zhang, Qiulan Ma, Xin Li, Furong Cheng, Guangwei Liu, Yaohua Li, Kenji Uéda, Piu Chan, Shun Yu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)
Diet Therapy With Diacylglycerol Oil Delays the Progression of Renal Failure in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Nephropathy
Authors: Kunio Yamamoto, Kazuichi Tomonobu, Hideki Asakawa, Katsuto Tokunaga, Tadashi Hase, Ichiro Tokimitsu, Noriko Yagi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Diet therapy for diabetic nephropathy is important in preventing the progression of renal failure by controlling hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity (1,2). Edible oil containing mainly diacylglycerol (DAG) oil, compared with conventional triacylglycerol oil, has been reported to possess unique nutritional properties with respect to serum lipids and body fat metabolism (3–6). We previously reported that a 3-month intake of DAG oil significantly reduced fasting serum triglycerides in subjects of type 2 diabetes with hypertriglyceridemia (7).

In the present study, we conducted a further clinical study for 6 months with an additional 3-year follow-up period to investigate the long-term effects of DAG oil in dietary therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes with nephropathy.

The subjects were 15 outpatients (aged 47–77 years) at the Itami City Hospital who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in stage IIIb (macroalbuminuric stage with renal dysfunction; n = 2) and stage IV (renal failure stage; n = 13) according to the classification of diabetic nephropathy (Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan) (8) who were receiving nutritional counseling for 13 months on average. The duration of diabetes was 18.2 ± 7.8 (range 5–28) years. Subjects were fully …
Burned to the Bone
Authors: Jonathan A. Forsberg, Thomas A. Davis, Eric A. Elster, Jeffrey M. Gimble
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Heterotopic ossification—a complication of severe burns, head or blast injuries, and orthopaedic trauma—can result from altered adenosine metabolism in mesenchymal stem cells in response to elevated extracellular ATP (Peterson et al ., this issue).