tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rugby players and whiplash where are all the cases?
Authors: A Clough, P J Clough, I Kelly, F Earle
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Despite efforts to provide a comprehensive diagnosis of whiplash (eg, The Quebec Classification system, 1995; Soderlund &amp; Dennison) it is an ill defined and poorly understood injury. Its occurrence seems to be dependent on a number of contextual variables. Objective The primary objective of this study was to identify the number of cases of whiplash reported in one complete season by professional rugby players. Design A longitudinal design was adopted. The assessment of whiplash was carried out independently of the assessment of the number of incidents that could potentially lead to WAD. The two assessments were blinded to each other. Setting The study was undertaken within a professional rugby club in the north of England. Participants The full first team squad (n=32) were included in the study. Assessment of risk The main independent variables was the number of potential whiplash inducing incidents over the entire season. Main outcome measurements The main outcome measure was the number of whiplash related injuries reported. Results There were six cases of whiplash reported during the entire season. Five followed an on field assessment during the game and the players were deemed fit to continue with play. They needed treatment post injury in readiness for the next game, however in all five cases the injuries were not sufficiently serious to rule the player concerned out of contention for selection and all have missed no matches as a result of their injury. The minimum number of collisions that would have been expected to produce whiplash was found to be three per game. Conclusion It is clear that the number of reported/diagnosed whiplash injuries in this sample is much lower than would be expected if you were to use data from the non-sporting domain. Further investigation into why this discrepancy happens is underway, using physiological, psychological and biomechanical markers.
THE USE OF A STABLE COLLOIDAL LEAD IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER
Authors: HARRISON S. MARTLAND
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Great credit is due Prof. W. Blair Bell of Liverpool for reawakening interest in the chemotherapy of cancer, a research that has been practically quiescent. In 1920, Bell and his co-workers began the treatment of human cancer cases with the intravenous injection of colloidal lead. The rationale of the lead treatment was based on the hypothesis that malignant neoplasia was "a specific growth process in which a reversion on the part of the starving cell to the nutriment seeking proclivities of its ancestral type, the chorionic epithelium, took place."<sup>1</sup>Lead was the only substance found that seemed, experimentally, to have a specific lethal effect on chorionic epithelium, on normal embryonic growth, on cells of cancerous growth, and on mature cells rich in phosphatides. His experimental work showed that the cells of malignant growths had a higher phosphatide content than the cells of normal tissues of the same location. After
From Army book collection to largest medical library
Authors: Kathryn Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Most physicians know it for its monthly publication,<i>Index Medicus</i>, but they may not draw the connection between the publication and its source, the National Library of Medicine (NLM). Says Deputy Director Kent A. Smith, MPA: "Unfortunately, all too often we find that people who use our services—whether they be printed products or whether they be on-line retrieval services—are unaware that they emanate from the National Library of Medicine." (In the case of<i>Index Medicus</i>, the publication actually has emanated from the library and the AMA at various times in its history. The NLM is now the sole publisher.) With 3.1 million items (including books, journals, manuscripts, technical reports, microfilms, and pictorial materials) in its collection, the NLM stands as the world's largest medical library. It also has one of the world's finest collections of old (pre-1871) and rare medical texts, manuscripts, and incunabula. Furthermore, says Smith, the NLM has
Estrogen-Receptor–Mediated Inhibition of Human Endothelial Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Alison B. Sullivan, Marianne Kearney, Jeffrey M. Isner, Douglas W. Losordo
Journal: Circulation (1997)

A series of studies was performed to examine the ability of estradiol (E2) to protect endothelial cells from apoptosis.Light and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated typical features of apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Northern and Western blot analyses revealed induction of message and protein for the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE), which has been shown to mediate apoptosis induced by TNF-alpha. Immunofluorescent staining of HUVEC colocalized ICE expression to apoptotic HUVEC. Direct cell counting demonstrated a significant decrease in total endothelial cell number after 24 hours of TNF-alpha exposure and a dose-dependent reversal of the effect of TNF-alpha with E2 treatment. This protective effect was abrogated by an estrogen-receptor antagonist. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis revealed 39.3% apoptosis after 24 hours of TNF-alpha exposure. Treatment with E2 resulted in a 50% decrease in apoptosis. Similarly, viability assays revealed 35 +/- 4% cell death after TNF-alpha exposure. Simultaneous treatment with E2 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cell death to a minimum of 18 +/- 2%. The protective effect of E2 was nullified by a specific estrogen-receptor antagonist.E2 treatment resulted in a dose-dependent, receptor-mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. These studies indicate that E2 may also serve a maintenance function in preventing endothelial cell death after noxious stimuli and suggest that the ICE pathway may mediate cytokine-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells. Preservation of endothelial integrity represents another mechanism that may account for the atheroprotective effect of estrogen.
Termination of Reciprocating Tachycardia by Atrial Stimulation
Authors: R. A. MASSUMI, A. D. KISTIN, A. A. TAWAKKOL
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Recurrent tachycardia in a 10-year-old child with acute rheumatic carditis was interpreted as being produced by a reciprocating (circus) mechanism involving either the normal atrioventricular pathway or the anomalous pathway of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The tachycardia could be stopped by appropriately timed, electrically induced, atrial premature systoles, which apparently interrupted the circus movement.
Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy: Its History, Its Impact and Its Future
Authors: Peter E. Sifneos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Short-term dynamic psychotherapy is successful for the healthier patient, but also for the individual with severe and chronic problems. The author surveys the history of brief intervention since <i>Freud</i>. Despite favorable outcomes, there has been a lack of interest for short-term dynamic therapy. Analysts, emphasizing on long-term analysis, failed to distinguish between developing theory and treatment. Since the mid-fifties interest for short-term techniques has increased. Research is resulting in criteria for selection and outcome. Utilized are active techniques, as transference interpretation, in dealing with specified foci. Successful outcome is obtained in oedipal problems, grief reactions, obsessive compulsive illnesses, multiple phobias and some boderline disorders. In future, research is necessary on differentiation between patients, on comparison between treatment methods, and on technical factors, next to education and training.
Can self-destructive killers be classified so easily?
Authors: Vincent Egan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Lankford makes many useful points regarding the myths and shibboleths underlying our understanding of self-destructive killers and suicide bombers. He has collated an impressive data set on such offenders. However, his classification scheme is not built on sufficient evidence to support his proposed discrete categories of conventional, coerced, escapist, and indirect suicide terrorists. It would be straightforward to analyse the data, but it is unlikely that the resulting model would reflect that anticipated.
Combination of systemic thioacetamide (TAA) injections and ethanol feeding accelerates hepatic fibrosis in C3H/He mice and is associated with intrahepatic up regulation of MMP-2, VEGF and ICAM-1
Authors: Miroslaw Kornek, Esther Raskopf, Ines Guetgemann, Matthias Ocker, Sevil Gerceker, Maria A. Gonzalez-Carmona, Christian Rabe, Tilman Sauerbruch, Volker Schmitz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Recurrence of port‐wine stains after treatment with the flashlamp‐pumped pulsed dye laser
Authors: S. Michel, M. Landthaler, U. Hohenleutner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Objectives To assess the importance of the patient's age at the start of treatment of a port‐wine stain (PWS) with the flashlamp‐pumped pulsed dye laser (FPDL). Background FDPL treatment is safe and effective for PWSs, with a low risk of scarring and pigmentary changes. The degree of clearing of the lesion is, however, unpredictable, and the ideal time to start treatment has not yet been agreed. Patients/methods By means of a questionnaire, we investigated the frequency of recurrence in PWS in 147 patients after completion of treatment with the FPDL. Results In 24 patients (16·3%), partial redarkening of their PWS was observed. The patients who had a recurrence were not different from the group who did not regarding the colour of the PWS , the response to previous treatment or the frequency of side‐effects. Children under 10 years of age did not show any PWS recurrence, at least in our group of patients. Conclusions The age at the beginning of treatment may have an influence on the recurrence rate.
Disruption of CREB function in brain leads to neurodegeneration
Authors: Theo Mantamadiotis, Thomas Lemberger, Susanne C. Bleckmann, Heidrun Kern, Oliver Kretz, Ana Martin Villalba, François Tronche, Christoph Kellendonk, Daniel Gau, Josef Kapfhammer, Christiane Otto, Wolfgang Schmid, Günther Schütz
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Treatment of Persons Exposed to Rabies
Authors: RobertW. Dunstan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  As two students of veterinary medicine, we would like to take issue with Drs Corey and Hattwick with respect to their article, Treatment of Persons Exposed to Rabies (232:272, 1975), as well as with their response to the letter of Dr Rosefsky (234:383, 1975).  Although we agree that the ultimate responsibility for the treatment of a person bitten by an animal rests with the physician, we do not agree that the physician is in a position, either professionally or legally, to decide if the animal could not possibly be rabid. It is stated in The Merck Veterinary Manual (ed 4) that a clinical diagnosis [of rabies] is usually possible but may be difficult; in the prodromal stage, rabies may easily be confused with other diseases. We believe that a veterinarian's expertise is required for such an evaluation of any suspect animal and, therefore, should play an integral
Streptococcus bovis group and biliary tract infections: an analysis of 51 cases
Authors: J. Corredoira, M.P. Alonso, F. García-Garrote, M.J. García-Pais, A. Coira, R. Rabuñal, A. Gonzalez-Ramirez, J. Pita, M. Matesanz, D. Velasco, M.J. López-Álvarez, J. Varela
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Detection of Y-Chromosome Sequences in Gonadal Tissue of Patients with Turner's Syndrome (45,X)
Authors: Mirjana Kocova, Selma F. Siegel, Michael Nalesnick, Massimo Trucco
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: Molecular biologic techniques for the detection of Y-chromosome sequences have illustrated the limitations of cytogenetic analysis in the evaluation of patients with Turner's syndrom...
Hypoxia exposure induces the emergence of fibroblasts lacking replication repressor signals of PKC in the pulmonary artery adventitia
Authors: M. Das, N. Burns, S. J. Wilson, W. M. Zawada, K. R. Stenmark
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

AimsCultured fibroblasts of hypoxia-stimulated remodelled pulmonary artery (PA) adventitia proliferate at a greater rate compared with those of normal adventitia. Since protein kinase C (PKC) ζ is a replication repressor of normal adventitial fibroblasts, we hypothesized that loss of the repressor activity of PKCζ might contribute to increased rate of proliferation in adventitial cells of remodelled PA.
Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease.
Authors: K Tanaka, M Wilks, P J Coates, M J Farthing, J A Walker-Smith, S Tabaqchali
Journal: Gut (1991)

The possible aetiological role of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease was investigated. The immunological response was studied using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. The antibody response to two protoplasmic antigen preparations of M paratuberculosis in the sera of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was measured by ELISA. IgG and IgM antibodies to these antigens were measured in serum samples from 52 patients with Crohn's disease, 15 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 41 control patients without inflammatory bowel disease. Although there was wide variation in the concentrations of antibody detected, patients with Crohn's disease had concentrations that were not significantly different from those of the other two groups. In addition, mycobacterial antigens were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the immune response to each antigen was then examined separately and assayed for IgG and IgM in 10 patients from each of the three groups. An indirect peroxidase test was also used to detect M paratuberculosis in sections of tissue from 18 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 with ulcerative colitis. The results were negative in all cases. This study does not support a role for M paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease.
Rubella in Pregnancy
Authors: J. E. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1960)

The case records of seven patients undergoing operation for dissecting aneurysm of the aorta are presented.Six patients recovered completely; one patient died in uraemic coma on the seventh day of illness.The indications and contraindications for operation are discussed.The surgical procedures are briefly described with particular reference to formation of a re-entry ostium, with apparent resolution of the dissection.We are indebted to Mr. F.
TCT-767 Long-term Outcomes Following Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug Device in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Contraindications for Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: Josep Rodes-Cabau, Arsene Basmadjian, Jean Champagne, Albert Chan, Melanie Freeman, Xavier Freixa, Eric Horlick, Reda Ibrahim, Webb John, Jean-Francois Marquis, Mark Osten, Jacqueline Saw, Marina Urena
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
To Respond Always
Authors: Douglas R. Mailman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

On Being a Doctor15 April 1994To Respond AlwaysDouglas R. Mailman, MDDouglas R. Mailman, MDTexas Technical University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-8-199404150-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail May 30th … graduation day at last. The ceremony was moved inside at the last minute because of rain. The exercises began with the speaker's suggestion to find a niche in medicine for which we had a passion. Her passion for her own work was evident, encouraging. The candidates were presented. We became doctors, our degree stating, “… with all the rights, privileges and honors, as well as the obligations and responsibilities …”“Responsibilities” grabbed me. While we were reciting the Physician's Oath, I heard it again: “to respond always.” Benediction … recessional … then the search through the crowd ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Douglas R. Mailman, MDAffiliations: Texas Technical University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430.Corresponding Author: Douglas R. Mailman, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Technical University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 8Page: 688KeywordsBloodChildrenEmergency medical servicesEmotionsExerciseHeart rateHepatitisMouthRespirationSmell ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Can Labour take the NHS to market?
Authors: Jonathan Shapiro
Journal: BMJ (2005)

N ow that the Blair government's third term has started, its health policies are becoming clearer; ironically for a Labour government, at their heart is a market.

The Conservative government of the 1990s tried to introduce an “internal market” in health care in which hospital services were intended to be market tested to make them more efficient and to offer patients more choice. It could never really have succeeded at that time; a right wing government, while being able to take for granted support from its own followers, would never have been able to convince more left wing voters to trust in a market philosophy.

Only a government able to gain the confidence of more egalitarian minded voters would stand a chance of implementing a market policy. That is what has happened: the New Labour government seems to have made the notion of a healthcare market its own, only this time it's real, not “internal.”

Markets work most effectively …
Diagnosis of Lyme Disease Based on Dermatologic Manifestations
Authors: Michelle S. Malane, Jane M. Grant-Kels, Henry M. Feder, Steven W. Luger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Lyme disease, or Lyme borreliosis, is an infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, which is most commonly transmitted to humans by a tick bite. Characterized by early and late phases, Lyme disease is a multisystem illness involving the skin, heart, joints, and nervous system. Diagnosis is based predominantly on clinical manifestations, the most specific being dermatologic. Thus, recognizing the dermatologic manifestations of Lyme disease is important for diagnosis and institution of appropriate, effective therapy. Approximately 75% of patients with Lyme disease present with the pathognomonic skin lesion erythema migrans, an expanding erythematous lesion. During early infection, secondary erythema migrans lesions or Borrelia lymphocytoma may occur. Borrelia lymphocytoma commonly presents as an erythematous nodule on the ear lobe or nipple. During late infection, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, an erythematous, atrophic plaque unique to Lyme disease may appear; it has been described in about 10% of patients with Lyme disease in Europe. Fibrotic nodules associated with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans as well as other sclerotic and atrophic lesions, such as morphea, lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, anetoderma, and atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, have been seen late in the course of Lyme disease. In a few cases, other sclerodermatous lesions, such as eosinophilic fasciitis and progressive facial hemiatrophy, have been linked to B. burgdorferi infection. We review the cutaneous lesions associated with Lyme disease.
Minimal Brain Dysfunction
Authors: Irving N. Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The diagnosis and adequate treatment of minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) requires very early identification of neurophysiologic and behavioral disturbances. Comprehensive care of this disorder requires early involvement of parents in understanding the diagnosis and its implications and in learning about infant management. We must understand that whether stimulant medication works or not, the very early socialization patterns which govern reactions to discipline, learning, and interpersonal relations, once acquired, are difficult to change and affect the child's entire life. The physician's old aphorism, "Don't worry, the child will grow out of it," is very harmful when applied to the MBD child. Mothers need help with management of their infants. Sharing the problems such an infant brings to the family is most effective in an organized program. The physician must help parents with the frequent feelings of blame, and must serve as a model of how the child's problems can be openly and honestly discussed with him. Comprehensive care makes it possible for parents and child to share their problems with others when they are under stress. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1454-1456, 1974)
Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Fibronectin Predict Clinical Response to High-Dose Interleukin-2 Therapy
Authors: Marianna Sabatino, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Monica C. Panelli, David Stroncek, Ena Wang, Bret Taback, Dae Won Kim, Gail DeRaffele, Zoltan Pos, Francesco M. Marincola, Howard L. Kaufman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces durable therapeutic responses in a small subset of patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, but simple pretreatment predictors of response have not been identified.To identify predictive biomarkers of clinical response, sera from patients treated with high-dose IL-2 were collected for analysis using a customized, multiplex antibody-targeted protein array platform that surveyed expression of soluble factors associated with tumor immunobiology. Soluble factors associated with clinical responses were analyzed using a multivariate permutation test, and survival outcomes were determined using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests.A training set from 10 patients identified 68 potentially relevant soluble factors that were then tested in an independent validation set of 49 patients. Class comparison revealed a cluster of 11 biomarkers that were associated with therapeutic outcome. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibronectin were identified as independent predictors of response. In particular, high levels of these proteins were correlated with lack of clinical response and decreased overall survival.Serum VEGF and fibronectin are easily measured pretreatment biomarkers that could serve to exclude patients unlikely to respond to IL-2 therapy.
MEDICAL EDUCATION, PAST AND PRESENT
Authors: J. A. WITHERSPOON
Journal: JAMA (1923)

There has been a rapid transition in medical education during the last twenty years. During this period, the number of medical schools has been reduced one half. In 1904 there were enrolled in our medical schools 28,142 students, while in 1922 there were 16,140. The increased cost of medical education and the years, unproductive financially, to be spent in internships and assistants' positions will tend to restrict students to the wealthier classes. The constantly increasing number of specialists has caused a diminution in the ranks of those who practice among the great and vitally important group of citizens living in rural districts. Inevitably, these citizens will succeed in demanding, through the legislatures, that they have physicians that come from medical schools and that are well trained, or failing in this, they must accept those that come from some source with inferior equipment. While it would not be fair to say