tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Associated Thyroid Disease.
Authors: V. O. Laing
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Associated Thyroid Disease.V. O. Laing, M.D., Boy Frame, M.D., F.A.C.P., M. A. Block, M.D.V. O. Laing, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Boy Frame, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, M. A. Block, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1063_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAmong 72 (53 female and 19 male) patients with primary hyperparathyroidism 29 (40%) were found to have concomitant pathologic changes in the thyroid. The prevalence of thyroid carcinoma was 5.5%; toxic multinodular goiter, 1.4%; thyroiditis, 4.2%; and gross thyroid nodules, 29.3%. The above figures were compared with the prevalence of thyroid disease found in a random survey of 100 consecutive autopsies (60 females and 40 males) at this hospital, which showed the following: thyroid carcinoma (1%), thyroiditis (1%), and gross thyroid nodules (14%). Possible mechanisms that could help explain the occurrence of combined thyroid-parathyroid disease are discussed. It is felt... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1063-1063KeywordsAutopsyHyperparathyroidismThyroidThyroid carcinomaThyroid diseases Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Review of Alan Cribb,<i>Health and the Good Society: Setting Healthcare Ethics in Social Context</i><sup>1</sup>
Authors: Emily L. Evans
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

"Review of Alan Cribb, Health and the Good Society: Setting Healthcare Ethics in Social Context 1 ." , 7(6), pp. 69–70 Notes 1. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, USA, 2005. 256 pp. $85.00, hardcover.
Pilonidal Sinus
Authors: Richard W. Dwight, Joseph K. Maloy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

SINCE the first case was reported in 18471 a voluminous literature on the origin and treatment of pilonidal sinus has accumulated. Although some of the earlier authors regarded the condition as acquired2 , 3 the consensus has been that it is congenital. The two prevalent theories are that pilonidal sinuses represent remnants of the neural canal4 5 6 7 8 and that they are due to an ectodermal inclusion resulting from malfusion of the two halves of the body.9 10 11 The proponents of both theories demonstrate a space or canal lying between the coccyx and the skin, which is constant in small embryos6 and variable in fetuses, . . .
Rheumatoid Vasculitis: Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Clinical Course and Levels of Circulating Immune Complexes
Authors: THOMAS ABEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

A study of five patients with severe rheumatoid vasculitis treated with cyclophosphamide was undertaken to determine whether immune complexes were present in serum and if their levels correlated with disease activity and response to treatment. Circulating immune complexes were measured by various techniques including the Clq binding and Raji cell radioimmunoassays and determination of the presence of cryoglobulins. Elevated levels of circulating immune complexes, hypocomplementemia, and high titer rheumatoid factor were present during active vasculitis. Clinical and serologic remissions were induced in all patients on cyclophosphamide. In two patients in remission, a rise in rheumatoid factor titer and immune complex levels was associated with an exacerbation of vasculitis and resolved on increased cyclophosphamide dosage. The Clq binding assay and rheumatoid factor titer correlated best with clinical activity. Thus, circulating immune complexes appear to be involved in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid vasculitis, which can be successfully treated with cyclophosphamide.
Health Care Professionals and Fear of AIDS-Reply
Authors: David Altman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Brattebø et al have missed the points central to our article and have misconstrued some of our arguments. Our intent was to explore why health care workers continue to fear acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) despite the kinds of reassurances proffered by Brattebø and to suggest ways of reducing that fear without labeling fearful people as ignorant, prejudiced, or homophobic. Some of the obvious reasons for the persistent fear of AIDS are listed by Dr Fribourg, but to view these as the only factors responsible is to oversimplify the problem. The debate over infection control provides a good example. It would be foolhardy not to support the full and consistent use of procedures to control infection as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control. But we also support recognition of the fact that infection control is not infallible. Needle sticks do happen, albeit rarely, and they do puncture gloves.
Glucocorticoid treatment in ileal Crohn's disease: relief of symptoms but not of endoscopically viewed inflammation.
Authors: G Olaison, R Sjodahl, C Tagesson
Journal: Gut (1990)

The effect of prednisolone (20-30 mg daily for six to nine weeks) was studied in eight patients with Crohn9s disease and recurrent, preanastomotic ileal inflammation, in respect of symptoms, endoscopic findings and phospholipase A2 activity in the ileal mucosa. The Harvey-Bradshaw Crohn9s disease activity index improved significantly, mainly because of reduced frequency of loose stools and diminution of abdominal pain. Endoscopy revealed no corresponding decrease in ileal inflammation, which in all cases persisted after treatment. The phospholipase A2 activity in the ileal mucosa was not altered by prednisolone. In two of three patients with concomitant colitis colonic inflammation improved. The study confirmed earlier reports of good symptomatic relief from glucocorticoid treatment in Crohn9s disease of the small bowel, but endoscopy suggests that this improvement was not the result of resolution of small intestinal mucosal inflammation.
Long-term Follow-up of Intacs for Post-LASIK Corneal Ectasia
Authors: George D. Kymionis, Nikolaos S. Tsiklis, Aristofanis I. Pallikaris, George Kounis, Vasilios F. Diakonis, Nikolaos Astyrakakis, Charalambos S. Siganos
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
CD1d-dependent macrophage-mediated clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from lung
Authors: Edward E.S. Nieuwenhuis, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Mark Exley, Robbert A. Schleipman, Jonathan Glickman, Dan T. Bailey, Nadia Corazza, Sean P. Colgan, Andrew B. Onderdonk, Richard S. Blumberg
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Long-term effect of low dose recombinant interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Giovanna Fattovich, Lucio Brollo, Stefania Boscaro, Patrizia Pontisso, Giuliano Giustina, Domenico Criscuolo, Dionigi Maladorno, Alfredo Alberti, Giuseppe Realdi, Arturo Ruol
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
Cost effectiveness analysis of screening for sight threatening diabetic eye disease
Authors: M. James
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To measure the cost effectiveness of systematic photographic screening for sight threatening diabetic eye disease compared with existing practice. <b>Design:</b> Cost effectiveness analysis <b>Setting:</b> Liverpool. <b>Subjects:</b> A target population of 5000 diabetic patients invited for screening. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Cost effectiveness (cost per true positive) of systematic and opportunistic programmes; incremental cost effectiveness of replacing opportunistic with systematic screening. <b>Results:</b> Baseline prevalence of sight threatening eye disease was 14.1%. The cost effectiveness of the systematic programme was £209 (sensitivity 89%, specificity 86%, compliance 80%, annual cost £104 996) and of the opportunistic programme was £289 (combined sensitivity 63%, specificity 92%, compliance 78%, annual cost £99 981). The incremental cost effectiveness of completely replacing the opportunistic programme was £32. Absolute values of cost effectiveness were highly sensitive to varying prevalence, sensitivity and specificity, compliance, and programme size. <b>Conclusion:</b> Replacing existing programmes with systematic screening for diabetic eye disease is justified.
Effectiveness of Nupercaine Hydrochloride and Phenobarbital Sodium in the Suppression of Ventricular Tachycardia Associated with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: ABDO BISTENI, A. SIDNEY HARRIS
Journal: Circulation (1953)

In 22 dogs with ventricular tachycardia accompanying myocardial infarction, Nupercaine hydrochloride was found to be a potent suppressor of ectopic impulses. When used alone Nupercaine also produced vomiting and convulsive movements. When combined with morphine, vomiting was eliminated, but convulsions still occurred. When combined with phenobarbital sodium or pentobarbital sodium, the ectopic impulse suppressor action of Nupercaine was enhanced and both vomiting and convulsive movements were prevented. The duration of ectopic impulse suppressor action was significantly greater in the phenobarbital-Nupercaine experiments than in any other group. No deaths occurred.
TCT-892 Predictors of “futility” with transcutaneous aortic valve replacement therapy (TAVR): An analysis from the PARTNER randomized trial
Authors: Nirat Beohar, Vinod Thourani, Michael Mack, Alan Zajarias, Samir Kapadia, Philip Green, Suzanne Arnold, David Cohen, Ke Xu, Maria Alu, Martin Leon, Ajay Kirtane
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Multicenter Evaluation of a Next-Generation Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve
Authors: John Webb, Gino Gerosa, Thierry Lefèvre, Jonathon Leipsic, Mark Spence, Martyn Thomas, Matthias Thielmann, Hendrik Treede, Olaf Wendler, Thomas Walther
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Mutations of ventricular essential myosin light chain disturb myosin binding and sarcomeric sorting
Authors: J. Lossie, D. S. Ushakov, M. A. Ferenczi, S. Werner, S. Keller, H. Haase, I. Morano
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

AimsWe tested the hypothesis that mutations in the human ventricular essential myosin light chain (hVLC-1) that are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affect protein structure, binding to the IQ1 motif of cardiac myosin heavy chain (MYH) and sarcomeric sorting in neonatal cardiomyocytes.
Medical student selection: a tentative attempt to establish a code of practice.
Authors: J Anderson, D Hughes, R Wakeford
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Each year medical schools in the United Kingdom select about 3800 entrants from about 12 000 applicants. The problem of selection is thus substantial, but the objectives, policies, and practices of different medical schools differ sharply and details of the procedures used are rarely made clear. There is no reliable or up-to-date information available for schools, careers of advisers, and prospective candidates to keep abreast of these practices and policies and of changes made to them. A code of practice for medical student selection might be helpful and would not only facilitate discussion about the appropriateness and fairness of the widely differing practices but make it easier to evaluate the procedures used. Such a code should list the academic and personal requirements for the school, state any quotas for types of entrants, and describe the selection procedures.
Rivaroxaban versus Enoxaparin for Thromboprophylaxis after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Michael R. Lassen, Walter Ageno, Lars C. Borris, Jay R. Lieberman, Nadia Rosencher, Tiemo J. Bandel, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

We investigated the efficacy of rivaroxaban, an orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor, in preventing venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty.In this randomized, double-blind trial, 2531 patients who were to undergo total knee arthroplasty received either oral rivaroxaban, 10 mg once daily, beginning 6 to 8 hours after surgery, or subcutaneous enoxaparin, 40 mg once daily, beginning 12 hours before surgery. The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of any deep-vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or death from any cause within 13 to 17 days after surgery. Secondary efficacy outcomes included major venous thromboembolism (i.e., proximal deep-vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or death related to venous thromboembolism) and symptomatic venous thromboembolism. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding.The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 79 of 824 patients (9.6%) who received rivaroxaban and in 166 of 878 (18.9%) who received enoxaparin (absolute risk reduction, 9.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9 to 12.4; P<0.001). Major venous thromboembolism occurred in 9 of 908 patients (1.0%) given rivaroxaban and 24 of 925 (2.6%) given enoxaparin (absolute risk reduction, 1.6%; 95% CI, 0.4 to 2.8; P=0.01). Symptomatic events occurred less frequently with rivaroxaban than with enoxaparin (P=0.005). Major bleeding occurred in 0.6% of patients in the rivaroxaban group and 0.5% of patients in the enoxaparin group. The incidence of drug-related adverse events, mainly gastrointestinal, was 12.0% in the rivaroxaban group and 13.0% in the enoxaparin group.Rivaroxaban was superior to enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty, with similar rates of bleeding. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00361894.)
NEW BRONCHODILATOR AEROSOL, SALMEFAMOL, IN ASTHMA
Authors: M.C.S. KENNEDY, E. POSNER, C. H. DASH
Journal: Allergy (1974)

Twenty-five asthmatics were tested with salmefamol aerosol (200 mug q.d.s.) for a period of 3 months. The ventilatory capacity before and after adrenaline was measured weekly and symptoms were assessed daily using a scoring system over a period of 9 months. The results during the 3 months' treatment with salmefamol were compared with the preceding and succeeding 3-month-periods when patients were receiving either salbutamol aerosol or orciprenaline aerosol. Statistically significant improvements were seen in ventilatory capacity before adrenaline inhalation and in symptom scores while on salmefamol. Ventilatory capacity after adrenaline inhalation remained unchanged throughout the study: thus there was no evidence of tachyphylaxis. A significantly greater number of patients preferred the new drug. Four patients developed slight muscle tremor in the first few days of salmefamol therapy, but there were no changes in haematological or biochemical values after 3 months' therapy. Thus, salmefamol seems to have marked efficacy with low toxicity and is generally well tolerated.
Allergen specificity of IgG4-expressing B cells in patients with grass pollen allergy undergoing immunotherapy
Authors: Louisa K. James, Holly Bowen, Rosaleen A. Calvert, Tihomir S. Dodev, Mohamed H. Shamji, Andrew J. Beavil, James M. McDonnell, Stephen R. Durham, Hannah J. Gould
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Self referral to an accident and emergency department for another opinion.
Authors: C. S. Jones, A. McGowan
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether patients referring themselves to an accident and emergency department for another opinion after consulting their general practitioner present with serious illness, show any risk factors for being admitted, or are more likely to be patients of particular practitioners. DESIGN--Six month prospective survey. SETTING--District general hospital9s accident and emergency department, receiving 42,000 new patients a year. PATIENTS--180 Patients identified as attending for another opinion having already consulted a general practitioner. INTERVENTIONS--Classified as admission, referral to specialist clinic, follow up in accident and emergency department, or referral back to general practitioner. END POINT--Admission, with an analysis of admitted patients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--General outcome, diagnostic category, age, time of attendance, time since seen by general practitioner, and name of general practitioner were recorded. Forty seven patients were admitted, 99 were discharged back to the general practitioner (62 without a letter), and two died. Patients were most likely to be admitted if they attended within 24 hours after seeing a general practitioner, were aged under 5, or presented with respiratory or gastrointestinal complaints. Some general practitioners were overrepresented. CONCLUSIONS--Important disorders present in this way, and therefore these patients should be seen by a doctor. Information about these attendances could be useful to general practitioners in reviewing their performance.
Abstract 5270: The role of EphA2 in the maintenance of cell viability of KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Katherine R. Amato, Jin Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer, which can be further subdivided based on its unique profile of oncogenic mutations. Identifying molecular subtypes of NSCLC and matching patients with appropriate targeted therapies is critically important for the treatment of this disease. Although significant progress has been made to develop novel, molecularly-targeted therapeutics, challenges still remain in targeting commonly occurring mutations in NSCLC, such as those in KRAS. Overcoming these challenges will require astute strategies to identify and inhibit novel kinase targets required for cell viability in these subtypes of lung cancer. To this end, we have shown that the EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase plays a unique role in the maintenance of cell viability in NSCLC, especially those with KRAS mutations. EphA2 is generally overexpressed in NSCLC and even further overexpressed in KRAS mutant NSCLC. Preliminary data from our lab has shown that knockdown of EphA2 expression in a large number of human NSCLC cell lines dramatically inhibits cell viability in cell lines bearing KRAS mutations. To further understand this phenotype, we are working to define the molecular mechanisms downstream of EphA2 that are critical for cell viability in this genotype and to model the effects EphA2 deficiency in vivo using transgenic mouse models. Based on our preliminary data, we propose that EphA2 provides a novel target for modulating cell viability in lung cancers with KRAS mutations associated with limited therapeutic options. Citation Format: Katherine R. Amato, Jin Chen. The role of EphA2 in the maintenance of cell viability of KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5270. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5270
NEUROFIBROMA OF THE ORBIT: KRÖNLEIN OPERATION.
Authors: WALTER R. PARKER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Cases of neurofibromata (pseudo-neuromata, solitary neuromata) of the orbit are extremely rare, there being but two cases on record. Of these, one reported by Tersch<sup>1</sup>involved the lachrymal branch, and one reported by Marchetti<sup>2</sup>the infraorbital branch of the fifth nerve. The ophthalmic division of the fifth nerve has been involved in multiple neuromata, and Bietti<sup>3</sup>has described amputation neuromata of the ciliary nerves after optic-ciliary-neurotomy. Houel<sup>4</sup>has described small tumors of the third, fourth, nasal and frontal branches of the fifth nerve, found postmortem, which had never caused clinical symptoms. The extreme rarity of neurofibromata is shown by the following statement of Tersch: "A solitary neuroma is altogether a rare tumor and its location in the orbit appears at least a curiosity;" and of Marchetti, who, after eliminating the plexiform neuromata as described by Billroth and others, says: "The exposition of the case shows its
Monomeric C-reactive protein and inflammatory injury in myocardial infarction
Authors: N. G. Frangogiannis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

This editorial refers to ‘Circulating microparticles generate and transport monomeric C-reactive protein in patients with myocardial infarction’ by J. Habersberger et al. , pp. 64–72, this issue. 

C-reactive protein, a member of the pentraxin superfamily, is a prototypical ‘acute-phase’ protein that is synthesized at a low rate under physiological conditions but is markedly induced and secreted following tissue injury and inflammation. Rapid secretion of C-reactive protein during the acute-phase response results in up to 1000-fold increases in plasma levels within 24–48 h. As a result, C-reactive protein is a highly sensitive, but non-specific, marker of systemic inflammation.1 Over the last 20 years, C-reactive protein has emerged as an important predictor of cardiovascular risk in a variety of clinical settings. The development of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assays greatly enhanced the clinical value of plasma C-reactive protein.2 In contrast to traditional assays that were only suitable for measurements of acute-phase responses, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein immunoassays allowed quantification of baseline plasma levels of C-reactive protein with high sensitivity throughout its normal range. Elevated plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels predict cardiovascular risk and may identify patients who benefit the most from risk reduction therapies.

Despite the abundance of evidence on the significance of C-reactive protein as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease, surprisingly little is known about its pathophysiological role. Although a causative role for C-reactive protein has been proposed in atherosclerosis and thrombosis,3 in vitro and in vivo studies have produced contradictory results. For example, treatment with human native C-reactive protein has been reported to accelerate atherosclerotic …
Acute myeloid leukemia evolving from essential thrombocythemia in two patients treated with hydroxyurea
Authors: James L. Furgerson, Svetislava J. Vukelja, W. Jeffrey Baker, Timothy J. O'Rourke
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is an uncommon myeloproliferative disorder, which is thought to develop from a multipotent stem cell. Like other myeloproliferative diseases, ET is associated with an increased risk of development of acute leukemia (AL). However, the large majority of cases of leukemic transformation in ET are thought to be related to prior therapy, usually radioactive phosphorous or alkylating chemotherapy, and the development of AL in ET is extremely rare in the untreated patient. In this report, two cases of ET which evolved into AL without prior exposure to radiation or alkylating agents, and which were treated with long-term hydroxyurea therapy, are described. The first case had cytogenetic changes in the bone marrow suggestive of therapy-associated leukemia, and the second developed myelodysplastic syndrome on therapy which was likely chemotherapy-induced and led to acute leukemia. Prolonged used of hydroxyurea in patients with ET may lead to therapy-associated acute leukemia. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.