tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peripheral vascular disease. Rheologic variables during controlled ischemia.
Authors: G Ciuffetti, M Mercuri, E Mannarino, M K Robinson, S E Lennie, G Lowe
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The quantitative and qualitative behavior of hemorheologic factors both at rest and after treadmill exercise in 30 male patients with stage II peripheral vascular disease compared with 20 sex- and age-matched healthy controls have been studied. The aim of our study was to identify functional rheologic markers for peripheral vascular disease. At rest, whole blood viscosity (corrected for hematocrit at both high and low shear rates), fibrinogen levels (4.23 +/- 1.39 vs. 3.23 +/- 1.5), and white blood cell count (7.05 +/- 1.25 vs. 6.03 +/- 1.28) were significantly different between patients and controls. After treadmill exercise, white blood cell counts increased in both patients and controls, whereas only the filterability of mononuclear leukocytes showed a significant variation in the patient group (5.47 +/- 1.54 vs. 7.26 +/- 2.00, p less than 0.002). In this group, mononuclear filterability improved during the recovery period. The results suggest a relation between exercise-induced ischemia of the lower limb and mononuclear filterability in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Mononuclear filterability could be a functional rheologic marker for peripheral vascular disease.
Determinants of ELISA D‐dimer sensitivity for unstable angina pectoris as defined by coronary catheterization
Authors: David Shitrit, Ariella Bar‐Gil Shitrit, Bernard Rudensky, Jaqueline Sulkes, Dan Tzviony
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Unstable angina pectoris is associated with elevated D-dimer levels. However, the operating characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value) of the D-dimer assay for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) are unknown. Using a prospective, observational design, we collected blood from 54 patients with unstable angina pectoris at admission and assayed for ELISA D-dimer levels. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive prediction values for angiographically determined coronary artery disease were calculated at multiple discriminate levels. All patients underwent coronary catheterization. A statistically significant correlation was noted between ELISA D-dimer levels and age, male sex, hypertension, use of beta-blocker, fibrinogen levels and catheterization findings. No correlation was noted between ELISA D-dimer levels and degree of the coronary artery disease. Best results were provided at a discriminate level of 270 ng/ml, with sensitivity 70%, negative predictive value 72%, and overall accuracy 67%. All discriminate levels, however, provided values too low for diagnosis. In conclusion, ELISA D-dimer assay is a non-sensitive, non-specific test for coronary artery disease as defined by coronary catheterization. However, the assay adds information regarding the severity of disease in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome.
World's one billion people with disabilities face widespread barriers to healthcare
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Many of the world’s one billion people with disabilities face widespread barriers to accessing healthcare, says a global expert report. 

In the years ahead disability will be a greater concern because its prevalence is on the rise, says the first World Report on Disability from the World Health Organization and the World Bank. 

The number of people with disabilities today corresponds to about 15% of the population, up on previous WHO estimates (dating from the 1970s), which suggested a figure of 10%, says the report. Disabilities range from traumatic injuries from falls, injuries, and violence to those associated with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, cancer, diabetes, and …
Supervised Exercise Program, BMI, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Subjects With Normal or Impaired Fasting Glucose
Authors: Jey Sook Chae, Ryungwoo Kang, Jung Hyun Kwak, Jean Kyung Paik, Oh Yoen Kim, Minjoo Kim, Ji Won Park, Justin Y. Jeon, Jong Ho Lee
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

OBJECTIVE To determine the association of regular exercise, BMI, and fasting glucose with the risk of type 2 diabetes and to predict the risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Korean subjects (n = 7,233; 40–79 years old) who were not diagnosed with diabetes at baseline were enrolled through the National Health Insurance Corporation. All participants underwent biennial examinations, and 1,947 of 7,233 subjects also underwent a 6-month program of moderate-intensity exercise (300 min/week) without dietary advice. RESULTS During follow-up (mean = 2 years), there were 303 incidents of type 2 diabetes in the nonexercise program group (n = 5,286) and 83 in the exercise program group (n = 1,947). After adjusting for confounders, the risk of type 2 diabetes was positively associated with BMI and inversely with regular exercise, especially among overweight/obese subjects. After further adjustment for BMI, the odds ratios for risk of diabetes associated without and with regular exercise were 1.00 and 0.77, respectively. Among subjects with normal fasting glucose, exercise reduced the diabetes risk; however, among those with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the protective effect of exercise was found only among overweight/obese subjects. The overweight/obese subjects in the exercise program group exhibited improved fasting glucose compared with the nonexercise program group and showed 1.5 kg of weight loss and a 3-cm decrease in waist circumference. Among overweight/obese subjects with unchanged fasting glucose, weight loss was greater in the exercise program group. CONCLUSIONS Regular exercise reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese individuals. Particularly, regular exercise and weight or waist circumference control are critical factors for preventing diabetes in overweight/obese individuals with IFG.
NEW ORTHOPEDIC AND FRACTURE APPARATUS—THE UNIVERSAL SUSPENSION SPLINT.
Authors: W. P. VERITY
Journal: JAMA (1884)

[Read before the American Medical Association, meeting of 1883.] This splint can be made of gas pipe or rod iron; the first is preferable, and if it be used, one-half or five-eighths inch pipe should be employed for adults, and three to four-eighths inch pipe for children. The splint consists of a headpiece, body, extremities and arches. The arches over body should be made of material of the same size as the body of splint, and those over extremities of lesser size; arches should in all cases be twelve inches high. For children, one arch over the body and one over each extremity will be sufficient. If the adjustment be employed, the latter are unnecessary, as they interfere with its working. The dimensions may be arranged to suit the case. If the patient be five feet long, and sixteen inches broad across the shoulders, the splint should be sixty-six inches
Empyema in Rheumatoid Pleuropulmonary Disease
Authors: FREDERICK L. JONES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Empyema is a rather common but generally unappreciated complication of rheumatoid pleuropulmonary disease. Of 10 patients with rheumatoid pleural effusions observed during a 5-year period, 5 developed empyema. These patients constituted 16% of all the adult cases of empyema seen in one institution. In contrast, no individual with neoplastic effusion or hydrothorax seen during this period had empyema. Causative factors that may act singly or in combination in the development of empyema include steroid therapy, decreased resistance to infection, chronic bronchopulmonary infections, the preexistence of rheumatoid pleural effusion, altered biochemical characteristics of the fluid, and, in particular, the formation of bronchopleural fistulas through necrotic subpleural rheumatoid nodules.
Novel HCV 5′NC library improves ability to discriminate between HCV genotypes and subtypes
Authors: A. Grunwald, P. Nordstrom, T. Murray, A. Beyou, P. Fiette, A. Buckton, S. Elagin, J. Ducos, W. Irving, P. Mc Clure, B. Clarke, A. De la Rosa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Cryptosporidiosis and the Healthy Host
Authors: Herbert L. Dupont
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Acute diarrhea is rivaled in importance only by respiratory infection as a cause of morbidity on a worldwide scale. A key to preventing or controlling enteric infection is identifying the responsible agents. With the discoveries of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and rotavirus as important causes of acute diarrhea in the early 1970s came the hope that the cause of most cases of diarrhea could be defined. Yet, studies carried out in a variety of regions led to the identification of an agent in only 60 per cent of cases.In this issue of the Journal, Wolfson et al.1 describe a . . .
Stroke patients prefer care in specialist units
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Patients who have had a stroke are more satisfied with their care if they are looked after on specialist wards rather than general wards. This is the finding of a survey of patients' experience of their care in hospitals in England published this week.

The survey of 1713 patients (mean age 75 years) admitted to hospitals in England between April and June 2004 with a primary diagnosis of intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction, or stroke showed that most were positive about the treatment they received in hospital, with 69% of patients rating their care as excellent or very good.

Only a quarter of patients were initially admitted to a stroke unit, however, and a third (36%) of the patients …
Levels of phospho-Smad2/3 are sensors of the interplay between effects of TGF-β and retinoic acid on monocytic and granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells
Authors: Zhouhong Cao, Kathleen C. Flanders, Daniel Bertolette, Lyudmila A. Lyakh, Jens U. Wurthner, W. Tony Parks, John J. Letterio, Francis W. Ruscetti, Anita B. Roberts
Journal: Blood (2002)
A REPORT ON THE USE OF THE WECHSLER-BELLEVUE SCALES IN AN OVERSEAS GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: MORTON I. TEICHER, ERWIN SINGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1946)

1. The Wechsler-Bellevue test was administered to a heterogeneous group of 128 patients in an overseas general hospital under rather adverse conditions. 2. The test performance and scatter of each patient was analyzed in order to determine diagnostic implications. 3. The psychologist's estimates and the psychiatrist's diagnoses were compared. In 52% of the cases, they coincided markedly. In 8% of the cases, they coincided to some degree and in 40% of the cases, they differed to a considerable degree.
THE NUTRITION OF THE FEEBLE INFANT
Authors: HENRY DWIGHT CHAPIN
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The proper nourishment of feeble infants is a problem that taxes the resources of the most skillful pediatrist. Digestion and assimilation may be poor either by inheritance or from faulty feeding, and when, from any cause, the general vitality of the infant is lowered, the digestive tract is usually the first to suffer and the last to recover tone. Whether the infant becomes feeble from errors in diet and hygiene, from illness or from poor inheritance, improved diet and hygiene form the only successful treatment. Drugs are of little or no avail. If these patients are not relieved, sooner or later some form of atrophy or marasmus will result—a condition in which a chronic digestive weakness is the principal evidence of the depressing symptom-complex. The large general death-rate of early infancy can be checked only by the most careful attention to the diet and care of this class of feeble
1023-110 Stress Echo and the Risk of Reinfarction: A Fatal Attraction?
Authors: Rosa Sicari, Alessandro Pingitore, Giovanni Minardi, Nicola Gandolfo, Giovanni Seveso, Francesco Chiarella, Leonardo Bolognese, Giacomo Chiarandà, Nunzia Petix, Maria Grazia Sciavo, Mario Previtali, Franca Margaria, Omelia Magaia, Federico Bianchi, Salvatore Pirelli, Luis Felipe de Moura Duarte, Maria José de Sousa, Silva Severi, Mauro Raciti, Patrizia Landi, Eugenio Picano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
A CASE OF SCARLATINA WITH COMPLICATIONS.
Authors: H. B. ROBERTS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Scarlatinal arthritis, although a somewhat common complication is rarely so extensive as in the following case: <h3>History.</h3> —June 24, 1906, I was called to see the patient, a girl, aged 15, well-developed and weighing about 125 pounds. She had a severe angina and headache with a temperature of 102 F., following a severe chill. The pulse was 118. The following morning her temperature was 101.3 F., pulse 114, and an exanthem was appearing on her chest. The tongue was typical of scarlet fever. For the first fifteen days the temperature varied between 102.6 F. and 105 F., after which it fell below 100 F., and gradually reached normal. On the fifth day albuminuria appeared and persisted during the period of high temperature. On the sixth day arthritis appeared, gradually involving all the joints, and disappeared by degrees. There was no suppuration, but there was an effusion in all the joints
High potential of low dose dipyridamole stress myocardial contrast echo to detect coronary stenosis: simultaneous comparison with stress 2-D echo and ECG
Authors: Akinobu Katoh, Hiroshi Ito, Katsuomi Iwakura, Ryusuke Kimura, Koji Tanaka, Masashi Ikushima, Atsunori Okamura, Shigeo Kawano, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Primary Familial Corneal Amyloidosis (Lattice Corneal Dystrophy)
Authors: GORDON K. KLINTWORTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Editorial Notes1 June 1967Primary Familial Corneal Amyloidosis (Lattice Corneal Dystrophy)GORDON K. KLINTWORTH, M.D., PH.D.GORDON K. KLINTWORTH, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-6-1288 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is well established that amyloidosis may be a consequence of such disease processes as chronic sepsis, tuberculosis, myelomatosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and regional enteritis. In contrast to these secondary and more frequent instances of amyloidosis, amyloid deposition may occur in the absence of a recognizable cause. The latter cases tend to fall into a variety of distinctive syndromes according to the location of the deposits of amyloid. In recent years it has become apparent that many of these primary forms of amyloidosis are characterized by a genetic predisposition (1, 2).Despite the fact that inherited forms of amyloidosis are of...References1. COHEN AS: The constitution and genesis of amyloid. Int. Rev. Exp. Path. 4: 159, 1965. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. KLINTWORTH GK: Lattice corneal dystrophy: an inherited variety of amyloidosis restricted to the cornea. Amer. J. Path. 50: 371, 1967. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. DUKE-ELDERLEIGH SAG: Corneal degenerations, dystrophies, and pigmentations, in System of Ophthalmology. Vol. VIII. Diseases of the Outer Eye, edited by DUKE-ELDER, S. Henry Kimpton, London, 1965, part 2, chap. VII. Google Scholar4. FRANCOIS J: Heredity in Ophthalmology. The C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1961. Google Scholar5. RAMSAY RM: Familial corneal dystrophy— lattice type. Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc. 55: 701, 1958. Google Scholar6. RAMSAY RM: Familial corneal dystrophy— lattice type. Trans. Canad. Ophthal. Soc. 23: 222, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Pathology Duke University Medical Center Durham, N. C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCorneal AbnormalitiesCorneal dystrophies. I. Dystrophies of the epithelium, Bowman's layer and stromaCorneal Dystrophies: A Clinical, Pathological, and Surgical ApproachOphthalmologic Aspects of Amyloidosis 1 June 1967Volume 66, Issue 6Page: 1288-1289KeywordsAmyloidosisEnteritisFallsGenetic predispositionMultiple myelomaRheumatoid arthritisSepsis Issue Published: 1 June 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Drug-Eluting Stents — How Long to Treat?
Authors: Antonio Colombo, Alaide Chieffo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The rationale behind dual antiplatelet therapy after successful stenting is based upon two indications. First, the stented segment requires protection from stent thrombosis that occurs as a result of inflammation during healing. Second, the areas inside and outside the stented section require protection from the development of progressive atherosclerosis and plaque rupture. The first of these two problems is of less concern with drug-eluting stents, especially second- and third-generation drug-eluting stents.1,2 However, the second issue continues to be important. The most effective duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for preventing both stent thrombosis and spontaneous myocardial infarction, while limiting bleeding . . .
Upregulation of COX-2 During Cardiac Allograft Rejection
Authors: Xiaochun Yang, Ninsheng Ma, Matthias J. Szabolcs, Jing Zhong, Eleni Athan, Robert R. Sciacca, Robert E. Michler, Gary D. Anderson, Joseph F. Wiese, Kathleen M. Leahy, Susan Gregory, Paul J. Cannon
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The hypothesis that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in the myocardial inflammatory response during cardiac allograft rejection was investigated using a rat heterotopic abdominal cardiac transplantation model. Methods and Results —COX-2 mRNA and protein in the myocardium of rejecting cardiac allografts were significantly elevated 3 to 5 days after transplantation compared with syngeneic controls (n=3, P &lt;0.05). COX-2 upregulation paralleled in time and extent the upregulation of iNOS mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity in this model. COX-2 immunostaining was prominent in macrophages infiltrating the rejecting allografts and in damaged cardiac myocytes. Prostaglandin (PG) levels in rejecting allografts were also higher than in native hearts. Because NO has been reported to modulate PG synthesis by COX-2, additional transplants were performed using animals treated with a selective COX-2 inhibitor (SC-58125) and a selective inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) N-aminomethyl- l -lysine. At posttransplant day 5, inhibitor administration resulted in a significant reduction of COX-2 mRNA expression (3764±337 versus 5110±141 arbitrary units, n=3, P &lt;0.05) and iNOS enzymatic activity (1.7±0.4 versus 22.8±14.4 nmol/mg protein, n=3, P &lt;0.01) compared with vehicle-treated allogeneic transplants. Allograft survival in treated animals was increased modestly from 5.4 to 6.4 days ( P &lt;0.05). However, apoptosis of cardiac myocytes (TUNNEL method) was only marginally reduced relative to vehicle controls in treated graft recipients. The intensity of allograft rejection was also similar in the treated and untreated allografts. Conclusions —The data indicates that COX-2 expression is enhanced in parallel with iNOS in the myocardium during cardiac allograft rejection.
Diagnostic Significance of Pneumatocele of the Lung
Authors: David E. Dines
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Staphylococcal pneumonia is frequently complicated by development of pneumatoceles. Pulmonary change with development of the pneumatocele, as seen roentgenographically, is more common in infants and children but can occur in young adults. Our four cases demonstrate the significance of pneumatoceles in the course of acute suppurative pneumonia. Pneumatoceles have been known to occur in 61% of cases of staphylococcal pneumonia. The pneumatocele develops from perforation of an abscess into a bronchial wall, thus permitting air to enter the abscess cavity. A check-valve mechanism due to obstruction by inflammation and edema creates tension produced by the air trapping. Pneumatoceles usually appear within the first week of pneumonia and disappear in an average of six weeks. Surgical intervention is necessary only when pneumatoceles grow large enough to cause cardiorespiratory embarrassment by compression or by rupture into the pleural space.
Review: Case management does not reduce unplanned hospital admissions compared with usual care in older persons
Authors: Calvin Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Huntley AL, Thomas R, Mann M, et al. Is case management effective in reducing the risk of unplanned hospital admissions for older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Fam Pract. 2013;Jan 12 [Epub ahead of print]. 23315222
Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome
Authors: Loletta K-Y So, Arthur CW Lau, Loretta YC Yam, Thomas MT Cheung, Edwin Poon, Raymond WH Yung, KY Yuen
Journal: The Lancet (2003)

A series of 31 patients with probable SARS, diagnosed from WHO criteria, were treated according to a treatment protocol consisting of antibacterials and a combination of ribavirin and methylprednisolone. Through experience with the first 11 patients, we were able to finalise standard dose regimens, including pulsed methylprednisolone. One patient recovered on antibacterial treatment alone, 17 showed rapid and sustained responses, and 13 achieved improvement with step-up or pulsed methylprednisolone. Four patients required short periods of non-invasive ventilation. No patient required intubation or mechanical ventilation. There was no mortality or treatment morbidity in this series.
728. Anti-TAG-72 Immunoliposomes for Efficient Tumor-Targeted Gene Therapy
Authors: Keun-Sik Kim, Hong Sung Kim, Eun Jung Kim, Jong Chul Kim, In-Ho Song, Hyo Jeong Hong, Yong Serk Park
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

One of the most promising strategies for cancer gene therapy is achievement of tumor-specific expression of tumor-killing genes without any related cytotoxicity. A tumor-recognizing vehicle with monoclonal antibodies or their fragments specific to tumor surface antigens, so call immunoliposomes (ILs), is a modality for tumor-targeted delivery. However, currently there are very limited data on this type of gene delivery vehicle. Hence, we have developed novel immunoliposomes specific to tumor cells overexpressing tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) for drug or gene delivery. The anti-TAG-72 ILs were prepared by conjugation of Fab' fragments of recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody HzCC49 to sterically stabilized unilamellar liposomes (90-110 nm in diameter) to create targetability to TAG-72-overexpressing cancer cells. The liposomes consisted of POPC (1-palmitonyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine, 92 mol %), DMKD cationic lipid (O, O'-dymyrisyl-N-lysyl aspartate, 4 mol %), DSPE-PEG2000 (1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol) 2000], 3 mol %), and DSPE-PEG2000-MAL (DSPE-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol) 2000], 1 mol %). The anti-TAG-72 ILs were able to adhere to the surface of TAG-72-overexpressing LS174T human colon cancer cells more effectively than conventional liposomes. Also, in vitro gene transfection to the LS174T cells by the anti-TAG-72 ILs in the presence of a high concentration of fetal bovine serum (up to 60%) were greater than that by the conventional cationic lipoplexes. The intravenously administered anti-TAG-72 ILs were efficiently localized in the LS174T tumor tissues while the non-targetable conventional liposomes were not. Intravenous administration of the anti-TAG-72 ILs containing plasmids encoding anti-angiogenic proteins, such as angiostatin K1/3, endostatin, and saxatilin, significantly inhibited in vivo growth of the LS174T tumors and angiogenesis in the tumor tissues. These results demonstrated that the TAG-72-mediated targeting of immunoliposomes would be a possible modality for systemic gene delivery to human colon cancer cells.