tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oestrogens and thromboembolism.
Authors: A. A. Reid
Journal: BMJ (1968)

sions when toxic buccal and gastrointestinal symptoms develop to mild or moderate severity.One patient received an initial infusion of 11 g. in five days without any clinical benefit or toxic symptoms.Six weeks later infusion was repeated.A total of 31 g. was administered in 14 days.This was excessive, causing severe gastrointestinal and haernatological effects, but recovery was rapid.The most recent case, a young British migrant, received 19 g. in nine days into the hepatic artery (not the coeliac axis).This infusion was deliberately terminated early because the patient intended to, and three weeks later did, return to Britain, with a patent catheter
Shock as a Curative Agent.
Authors: Sydney Kuh
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Chicago, May 12, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> The editorial on "Shock as a Curative Agent" inThe Journal, May 12, p. 1444, recalls to me a ratner interesting and, I believe, unusual experience. Some years ago I was a passenger on a transatlantic liner which met with a mishap, so serious in character, that for nearly two days we expected to go down at any moment. On the evening preceding the accident only 12 of the 250 cabin passengers were down to dinner, one being detained by a recent attack of apoplexy, 237 by seasickness, more or less severe. On the following morning 249 of us assembled in the dining room and ate our breakfast with as much relish as our mental state permitted. The only absentee was the paralytic. The reverse side of the picture was represented by four cases of acute insanity and an acute exacerbation terminating in
Cutaneous Malignant Neoplasms in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors: Jennifer L. DePry, Ritva Vyas, Hillard M. Lazarus, Paolo F. Caimi, Meg R. Gerstenblith, Jeremy S. Bordeaux
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Hematopoietic cell transplantation has increased the survival of patients with several types of malignant hematologic disease and hematologic disorders; however, these patients have an increased risk of posttransplant cutaneous malignant neoplasms. Physicians should be aware of associated risk factors to provide appropriate patient screening and long-term care.To identify the incidence and risk factors for cutaneous malignant neoplasms following hematopoietic cell transplantation.A systematic review was conducted using Medline and Cochrane databases from January 1995 to December 2013. Retrospective and prospective reviews containing at least 100 patients who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation reporting skin cancer as a primary outcome were included. Information regarding the entire cohort, data for the subset who developed cutaneous malignant neoplasms, and cutaneous malignant neoplasm risk factors were extracted from included articles. The level of evidence for each study was assessed using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy scale.Patients who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation had an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Factors such as primary disease, chronic graft-vs-host disease, prolonged immunosuppression, radiation exposure, light skin color, sex, and T-cell depletion are risk factors for cutaneous malignant neoplasms.Given the increased risk of cutaneous malignant neoplasms in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, this population should be educated on skin self-examination and pursue regular follow-up with dermatologists.
Predicting relapse in Crohn's disease: a biopsychosocial model
Authors: A Bitton, P L Dobkin, M D Edwardes, M J Sewitch, J B Meddings, S Rawal, A Cohen, S Vermeire, L Dufresne, D Franchimont, G E Wild
Journal: Gut (2008)

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disorder. Both biological and psychosocial factors may modulate the illness experience.The aim of this study was to identify clinical, biological and psychosocial parameters as predictors of clinical relapse in quiescent CD.Patients in medically induced remission were followed prospectively for 1 year, or less if they relapsed. Disease characteristics were determined at baseline. Serum cytokines, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate and intestinal permeability were measured every 3 months. Psychological distress, perceived stress, minor life stressors and coping strategies were measured monthly. A time-dependent multivariate Cox regression model determined predictors of time to relapse.101 patients (60 females, 41 males) were recruited. Fourteen withdrew and 37 relapsed. CRP (HR = 1.5 per 10 mg/l, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9, p = 0.007), fistulising disease (HR = 3.2, 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.4, p = 0.04), colitis (HR = 3.5 95% CI 1.2 to 9.9, p = 0.02) and the interaction between perceived stress and avoidance coping (HR = 7.0 per 5 unit increase for both scales, 95% CI 2.3 to 21.8, p = 0.003) were predictors of earlier relapse.In quiescent CD, a higher CRP, fistulising disease behaviour and disease confined to the colon were independent predictors of relapse. Moreover, patients under conditions of low stress and who scored low on avoidance coping (ie, did not engage in social diversion or distraction) were least likely to relapse. This study supports a biopsychosocial model of CD exacerbation.
Increase in US healthcare costs should be no more than growth rate of economy, report says
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Major changes in the way healthcare is delivered and paid for in the United States can improve the quality of care, result in better outcomes, and generate savings of more than $2 trillion over the next decade, concludes a report from the Commonwealth Fund, released on 10 January.1

Problems had arisen from a fragmented healthcare system that was expensive and didn’t deliver high quality care, said David Blumenthal, the fund’s president. The report’s 10 recommendations fall into three broad categories, with the goal of reining in annual increases in healthcare spending to no greater than the rate of growth of gross domestic product.

The largest group of savings, $1.3 trillion (£0.8 trillion; €1 trillion), would come from reform of …
Inheritance of low IL-10 and TNF-alpha producing genotypes is associated with a higher risk of liver failure in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)
Authors: Adele Parziale, Marilena Durazzo, Enrico Solerio, Matteo Cicilano, Laura Iannace, Luciana Framarin, Rosaria Innarella, Antonina Smedile, Antonino Tuscoz, Lorenzo Bonardi, Mario Rizzetto, Floriano Rosina
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Thromboembolism after Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Daniel G. Federman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 December 1997Thromboembolism after Cardioversion for Atrial FibrillationDaniel G. Federman, MDDaniel G. Federman, MDYale University School of Medicine; West Haven Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Haven, CT 06516Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Weigner and colleagues [1] found a low risk for thromboembolism in patients admitted to the hospital for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation that had lasted less than 48 hours. Although I am impressed by the authors' principal conclusion, I was more intrigued by an inadvertent finding that could have been elucidated further. In 71.5% of cases, patients spontaneously converted to sinus rhythm or cardioversion was unsuccessful in restoring sinus rhythm.The average hospitalization was 4.6 days for a condition that spontaneously converts in 66.7% of patients or does not convert in 4.8% of patients; thus, an enormous amount ...References1. Weigner MJ, Caufield TA, Danias PG, Silverman DI, Manning WJ. Risk for clinical thromboembolism associated with conversion to sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation lasting less than 48 hours. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:615-20. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Daniel G. Federman, MDAffiliations: Yale University School of Medicine; West Haven Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Haven, CT 06516 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 11 Page: 1039 Keywords Angina Atrial fibrillation Emergency department Forecasting Heart failure Hospitalizations Hypotension Outpatients Surgery Thromboembolism ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Insights in the regulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene reveal a target for modulating bile acid synthesis
Authors: Nico Mitro, Cristina Godio, Emma De Fabiani, Elena Scotti, Andrea Galmozzi, Federica Gilardi, Donatella Caruso, Ana Belen Vigil Chacon, Maurizio Crestani
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The transcription of the gene (CYP7A1) encoding cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in cholesterol homeostasis, is repressed by bile acids via multiple mechanisms involving members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Here, we describe a regulatory mechanism that can be exploited for modulating bile acid synthesis. By dissecting the mechanisms of CYP7A1 transcription, we found that bile acids stimulate the sequential recruitment of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) 7, 3, and 1, and of the corepressor SMRTalpha (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors-alpha) and the nuclear corepressor. Bile acids, but not the farnesoid X receptor-selective agonist GW4064, increase the nuclear concentration of HDAC7, which promotes the assembly of a repressive complex that ultimately represses CYP7A1 transcription. Interestingly, despite its high basal expression level, small heterodimer partner (SHP) is associated with the CYP7A1 promoter only at a later stage of bile acid repression. Gene silencing with small interfering RNA confirms that HDAC7 is the key factor required for the repression of CYP7A1 transcription, whereas knockdown of SHP does not prevent the down-regulation of CYP7A1. Administration of the HDAC inhibitors valproic acid or trichostatin A to genetically hypercholesterolemic mice increases Cyp7a1 messenger RNA and bile acid synthesis and consequently markedly reduces total plasma and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.By using a combination of molecular, cellular, and animal models, our study highlights the importance of HDACs in the feedback regulation of CYP7A1 transcription and identifies these enzymes as potential targets to modulate bile acid synthesis and for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
Cardiologist rules out heart attack death for newspaper seller who died at G20 summit protest
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A report by a professor of cardiology has ruled out death from a heart attack for Ian Tomlinson, the newspaper seller who died at the protest against the G20 summit in London on 1 April 2009, the inquest into his death has been told.

Kevin Channer of Royal Hallamshire Hospital was asked by the inquest to write a report on the electrocardiogram readings obtained by paramedics when they attached a defibrillator to Mr Tomlinson after he collapsed. The report states that the readings were inconsistent with arrhythmic heart attack.

Freddy Patel, the pathologist who carried out the initial postmortem investigation into the death ( BMJ 2010;341:c3923, doi:10.1136/bmj.c3923), concluded that Mr Tomlinson had …
Comparison of terbinafine and clotrimazole in treating tinea pedis.
Authors: E G Evans, B Dodman, D M Williamson, G J Brown, R G Bowen
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To compare the efficacy and safety of terbinafine 1% cream and clotrimazole 1% cream in the treatment of tinea pedis. DESIGN--Multicentre, double blind parallel group study. SETTING--32 general practices and one hospital. PATIENTS--256 patients with mycologically confirmed tinea pedis. Of the 211 patients evaluable, 107 were randomised to terbinafine (75 male, 32 female; mean (range) age 40 (12-81) years) and 104 to clotrimazole (79 male, 25 female; mean (range) age 36 (12-71) years). INTERVENTIONS--Terbinafine 1% cream applied twice daily for one week and inert cream applied twice daily for the next three weeks. Clotrimazole 1% cream applied twice daily for four weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Mycological cure (negative results on microscopy and culture) and effective treatment (mycological cure plus no or minimal signs and symptoms) measured at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. RESULTS--At week four rates of mycological cure were 93.5% for terbinafine and 73.1% for clotrimazole (p = 0.0001); and at week six 97.2% for terbinafine and 83.7% for clotrimazole (p = 0.001). Rates of effective treatment at week 4 were 89.7% for terbinafine and 58.7% for clotrimazole (p = 0.0001); and 89.7% for terbinafine and 73.1% for clotrimazole (p = 0.002) at week 6. CONCLUSION--These results indicate that a one week course of terbinafine 1% cream is more effective in the treatment of tinea pedis than a four week course of clotrimazole 1% cream, both in terms of mycological cure and effective treatment.
A validation of derived epicardial potential distributions by prediction of the coronary artery involved in acute myocardial infarction in humans.
Authors: D Kilpatrick, S J Walker
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We have developed computer algorithms that enable epicardial potential distributions to be calculated from electrocardiographic body surface data. To validate this inverse transformation we obtained body surface maps during the ST segment in 55 patients with acute infarction who subsequently underwent coronary arteriography and we constructed epicardial ST segment potential distributions for each patient. From the unlabeled epicardial maps one of us predicted the coronary artery that would be found to be involved in the infarction. These predictions were compared with the results of coronary arteriography and this showed that the analysis of the epicardial map correctly predicted the coronary artery involved in 40 of 55 patients (72.7%). In another eight patients the anatomy was partially predicted. In the 15 patients in whom the prediction was incorrect or partially correct (27.3%), 11 had critical disease or occlusions of the predicted coronary artery but the infarct-related artery was incorrectly identified. This verifies that sensible epicardial potential maps can be calculated from body surface electrocardiographic data, and that these data are sufficiently accurate to predict the vessel involved in acute infarction.
Menopause: Endocrinology and Management
Authors: Laura A. Offutt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 September 2000Menopause: Endocrinology and ManagementLaura A. Offutt, MDLaura A. Offutt, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Offutt)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-5-200009050-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Seifer DB, Kennard EA, eds. 278 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 1999. $99.50. ISBN 0896036774. Order phone 973-256-1699.Field of medicine: Endocrinology, gynecology, and women's health.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Endocrinologists, gynecologists, and general internists.Purpose: To provide a detailed understanding of the underlying endocrinology of menopause and an evidence-based approach to management of the menopausal patient.Content: The first eight chapters focus on a detailed review of the endocrinology of menopause, with a comprehensive discussion of the effects of estrogen and estrogen deficiency on the cardiovascular, skeletal, central nervous, and genitourinary systems, among others. The next seven chapters cover ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Offutt) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 September 2000Volume 133, Issue 5Page: 400KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesEndocrinologyEstrogensEvidence based medicineHormone replacement therapyMenopauseNervous systemObstetrics and gynecologyReproductive endocrinologySoftware tools ePublished: 5 September 2000 Issue Published: 5 September 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 5377: Disruption of akt/hif1 signaling can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ischemic hypoxia and chemotherapy
Authors: Chi-Keung Lau, Zhen Fan Yang, Wing Yuen Ho, Michael Ng, Tung Ping Poon, Sheung Tat Fan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract PURPOSE: This study investigates the possible molecular basis leading to failure in a treatment that is composed of hypoxia and chemotherapy in a rat orthotopic hepatoma model. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS: Cell viability after cisplatin treatments under normoxia and hypoxia would be measured by 3,[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] −2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cytofluorometric annexin-V apoptotic assay would be used to compare the apoptotic cells induced by cisplatin under normoxia and hypoxia. Western blotting would be employed to determine the akt/hif1 signaling. In vivo hypoxic condition was induced by hepatic artery ligation, whereas chemotherapeutic effect was achieved by intraportal injection of cisplatin. Hif1 inhibitor was administered to blockade Hif-1α expression both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: Cell viability was higher under hypoxic than normoxic conditions shown by MTT assay and decreased apoptotic cells could be observed by apoptotic assay under hypoxia. Hif-1α and akt were regulated each other under hypoxic conditions to confer cisplatin resistance in vitro. In an rat orthotopic hepatoma model, combining blockade of Hif-1α activity with ischemic hypoxia significantly enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy, leading to suppression of tumor growth and prolongation of animal survival. CONCLUSION: Combined Hif1 inhibitor with hypoxia and chemotherapy can be a new and promising therapeutic approach to the treatment of HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5377.
A case of right iliac fossa pain.
Authors: S I Cohen, F Creed
Journal: BMJ (1977)

directly to patients or parents, with clear instruction to take 30 mg of prednisolone (or equivalent) at the onset of a severe attack, con- tacting the practitioner or clinic staff later for guidance or help if necessary.Ex-steroid- dependent patients have a warning label on their steroid cards stating, "This patient was steroid dependent for . .years and was trans- ferred to Becotide inhaler on . . .and may be at risk because of adrenal atrophy for at least two years."In recent years patients subject to very sudden attacks are sometimes supplied with terbutaline for subcutaneous adminis- tration by patient, parents, or doctor when obviously necessary as well as oral steroids.Immediate relief is thus available at the crucial time.We have found no problems except tremor with this self-medication and consider this unusual approach fully justified when there are problems in obtaining prompt medical attention.We find it safer to leave the remedy in the patient's own hands as it is so common for family doctors to be unreasonably reluctant to use steroids in high doses soon enough.Recent surveys of death from asthma in hospital'2 and at home1 have shown that steroids were frequently under-used or not used at all and that both doctor and patient underestimated the severity of the attack.In fact, we take all the precuations suggested in your excellent leading article of just over a year ago' 2 plus individual monitoring and instant availability of oral corticosteroid and injected bronchodilator.If such precautions were consistently adopted such tragedies might be less likely.
Violence, Television and the Health of American Youth
Authors: Anne R. Somers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

In 1973, 18,032 young Americans, 15 to 24 years of age, died in motor-vehicle accidents, 5182 were murdered, and 4098 committed suicide. The death rate, for this age group, was 19 per cent higher in 1973-74 than it had been in 1960-61, owing entirely to deaths by violence. The largest rise in deaths from homicide during the past two decades was at the ages of one to four. For a considerable proportion of American children and youth, the "culture of violence" is now both a major health threat and a way of life. One contributing factor is television's massive daily diet of symbolic crime and violence in "entertainment" programs. After numerous studies of televsion influence on real-life violence, including two major government commissions, the industry is experimenting with a 7 to 9 p.m. "Family Hour" (6 to 8 p.m. Central Time) from which violence, along with sex, has been largely banished. Three industry unions claim censorship and are suing. The medical profession is urged to concern itself with this serious and complex health hazard.
Progressive resistance strength training can reduce physical disability in older adults
Authors: Julia Keuerleber, Nicholas Henschke
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

▶ Liu CJ, Latham N. Can progressive resistance strength training reduce physical disability in older adults? A meta-analysis study. Disabil Rehabil 2011;33:87–97.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] With increasing age, muscle mass and muscle strength of the extremities diminish due to neuromuscular changes.1 These age-related changes are associated with increased physical disability and risk of falling.2 Progressive resistance strength training (PRT) increases muscle strength in older adults.3 However, it remains unclear whether strengthening muscles through PRT can translate into a reduction of physical disability. To evaluate the effect of PRT on physical disability in older adults. A search was performed from January 1966 to May 2007 in multiple electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Sports Discus, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Digital Dissertations, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register). The search terms included 'strength training', 'resistant training', 'weight training' or 'progressive resistance', 'exercise' and 'exercise therapy'. Searches were limited to randomised controlled trials and studies with a minimum mean age of 60. There were … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DDisability%2Band%2Brehabilitation%26rft.stitle%253DDisabil%2BRehabil%26rft.aulast%253DLiu%26rft.auinit1%253DC.%2BJ.%26rft.volume%253D33%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D87%26rft.epage%253D97%26rft.atitle%253DCan%2Bprogressive%2Bresistance%2Bstrength%2Btraining%2Breduce%2Bphysical%2Bdisability%2Bin%2Bolder%2Badults%253F%2BA%2Bmeta-analysis%2Bstudy.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.3109%252F09638288.2010.487145%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F20476841%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.3109/09638288.2010.487145&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=20476841&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbjsports%2F46%2F5%2F323.atom
Visualization of the Uterus on Evaluation of Transplanted Kidneys
Authors: NATHAN FELDMAN, P TODD MAKLER, MICHAEL G. VELCHIK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A vascular blush was noted in the pelvis during flow studies in two women with kidney transplants. The vascular structure was noted to be due to the uterus. In one patient, the activity in the area of the uterus could have been mistaken for excretion of agent into the bladder.