tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Low Molecular Weight Immunoglobulin Antigenically Related to 19 S IgM*
Authors: John D. Stobo, Thomas B. Tomasi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Sucrose density gradient analysis of the fresh sera of patients with hereditary ataxia telangiectasia, disseminated lupus, and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia revealed the presence of an immunoglobulin possessing IgM determinants but having a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 7 S. Bio-Gel chromatography of patients' sera confirmed the presence of two distinct populations of IgM. The low molecular weight IgM possessed incomplete isohemagglutinin activity that was resistant to treatment with reducing agents. Gel diffusion analysis revealed that the 7 S IgM showed immunological identity with both 19 S IgM and the subunits of the 19 S IgM produced by reduction. Approximately 10 to 15% of the patient's total IgM was low molecular weight. Evidence is presented that the 7 S IgM was not produced from the patient's serum 19 S IgM on in vitro incubation. A simple rapid technique is described, using double diffusion in polyacrylamide gels, which permits the determination of low molecular weight IgM in sera and other fluids. Using this technique, the sera of 52 patients with disseminated lupus were surveyed, and 17% of the patients were found to contain low molecular weight IgM. The low molecular weight IgM occurred with particular frequency in male patients with disseminated lupus and in those patients with low or absent serum IgA.Studies of the salivary immunoglobulins of patients with ataxia telangiectasia and disseminated lupus suggest an iverse relationship between the levels of IgA and IgM. In patients lacking salivary IgA, IgM was the major immunoglobulin present. No correlation was observed between salivary immunoglobulin levels and the severity of sinopulmonary infections in these patients.
SIMULTANEOUS EVALUATION OF MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION WITH ***TC-SESTAMIBI SPECT AND WALL MOTION WITH DOBUTAMINE ECHOCARDIO-GRAPHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF MYOCARDIAL VIABILITY
Authors: F. Cesnal, S. A. All, C. F. Diaz, M. Ahmad, J. Villanueva-Meyer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Cesnal, F.; All, S. A.; Diaz, C. F.; Ahmad, M.; Villanueva-Meyer, J. Author Information
S44 Increased expression of immunoreactive thymic stromal lymphopoetin in severe asthma
Authors: A. Shikotra, B. Hargadon, M. Shelley, J. Bennett, C. Brightling, C. Austin, D. F. Choy, L. C. Wu, J. R. Arron, P. Bradding
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Thymic stromal lymphopoetin (TSLP) is a cytokine implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma through two pathways: a TSLP-OX40L-T cell axis and a TSLP-mast cell axis. Whether these pathways operate in human asthma is unknown. <h3>Aims</h3> To investigate whether mucosal TSLP protein expression relates to asthma severity, and distinct immunological pathways. <h3>Methods</h3> GMA-embedded bronchial biopsies from healthy subjects (n=12) and patients with mild (BTS step 1, n=8), moderate (BTS steps 2 and 3, n=12) and severe (BTS steps 4 and 5, n=16) asthma were immunostained for TSLP, OX40, OX40L, CD83, IL-13, and inflammatory cell markers. Extent of immunostaining was correlated with clinical data. <h3>Results</h3> Specific TSLP immunoreactivity was evident in both the airway epithelium and lamina propria of both healthy and asthmatic subjects. TSLP immunoreactivity was not present in airway smooth muscle. TSLP epithelial expression was significantly elevated in asthma as a whole compared to healthy controls (p=0.0005), particularly in mild and severe disease. The number of TSLP+ cells in the lamina propria was elevated in patients with severe asthma relative to other groups (p=0.0058). Co-localisation studies in 6 severe asthmatic subjects showed that 5% of TSLP+ cells in the lamina propria were CD68+ macrophages and 20% were tryptase+ mast cells. There were significant inverse correlations between TSLP counts in both the asthmatic bronchial lamina propria and epithelium with the FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio (r<sub>s</sub>=−0.53, p=0.002 and r<sub>s</sub>=−0.40, p=0.037). Immunostaining for OX40, OX40L and CD83 in the airways was sparse, with no difference between asthmatic patients and normal control subjects. IL-13 staining was increased in non-epithelial cells within the airway epithelium in severe asthma (p=0.033). <h3>Conclusions</h3> TSLP expression is elevated in severe asthma despite high dose corticosteroid therapy. Although we did not detect activity of the TSLP-OX40L-T cell pathway within asthmatic bronchial mucosa, it is possible that this pathway operates in secondary lymphoid organs such as draining lymph nodes. The close approximation of airway stroma and mast cells suggests that the TSLP-mast cell axis, in which TSLP and IL-13 operate in a positive regulatory loop, is active in asthmatic bronchial mucosa and may be important in maintaining chronic airway inflammation.
Key pathways are frequently mutated in high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Jinghui Zhang, Charles G. Mullighan, Richard C. Harvey, Gang Wu, Xiang Chen, Michael Edmonson, Kenneth H. Buetow, William L. Carroll, I-Ming Chen, Meenakshi Devidas, Daniela S. Gerhard, Mignon L. Loh, Gregory H. Reaman, Mary V. Relling, Bruce M. Camitta, W. Paul Bowman, Malcolm A. Smith, Cheryl L. Willman, James R. Downing, Stephen P. Hunger
Journal: Blood (2011)
Physiological Changes Associated with Downsizing of Personnel and Reorganisation in the Health Care Sector
Authors: Anna Hertting, Töres Theorell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2002)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The objective of this study was to assess potential physiological changes associated with downsizing/reorganisation in the health care sector. The personnel reductions (1995–1997) in the studied regional hospital corresponded to one fifth of the personnel. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; In a longitudinal study, female personnel had blood sampled twice (8 a.m. and 4 p.m.) during a working day in 1997 (in connection with the last completed round of personnel redundancies) and 1 year later in 1998. The participants were 31 women (82% of those initially sampled ); there were 14 registered nurses, 11 assistant nurses and 6 medical secretaries. No additional drop outs took place during follow-up. Outcome variables were changes in the difference in serum cortisol levels between the morning and afternoon and in serum/plasma concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), oestradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), prolactin and apolipoproteins AI and B. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Significantly decreased serum/plasma concentrations of IgG (p &lt; 0.001), apolipoprotein AI (p &lt; 0.001) and oestradiol (p &lt; 0.001) were found. The difference between morning and afternoon serum cortisol decreased, with a change at the significance level of p = 0.05. No significant changes were observed regarding prolactin, DHEAS and apolipoprotein B. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; These results could be an indication that protective and anabolic functions had suffered in these remaining ‘ageing’ female work groups. The circadian cortisol rhythm was possibly flattened, which could be a sign of physiological dysfunction associated with the long-lasting adaptation process. These conclusions are tentative, given the small size of the sample and the lack of a control group. However, the findings point to the significance of studies of physiological changes possibly associated with restructuring of the health care sector.
Abstract P2-12-04: Evaluation of BRCA 1/2 mutation-carrier probability models, BRCAPRO and myriad II, in the Japanese population
Authors: M Ito, Y Yasuda, A Furuta, N Ohuchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: It is important to select high-risk group with a BRCA1/2 mutation and recommend them to provide genetic counseling and genetic testing. BRCAPRO and Myriad II are widely used for predicting BRCA mutation-carrier probability and useful for selecting eligible person of genetic testing. However, It is reported that BRCAPRO tends to underestimate the risk of BRCA1/2 mutation probability in Asian. The validation of these models are not sufficiently known in Japanese population. Methods: Twenty-six hundred sixty-five people visited to Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital between 2011 and 2012.They were surveyed family history as a risk factor of inheriting breast cancer according to NCCN guideline. We calculated BRCA1/2 mutation probability by BRCAPRO and Myriad II. Those who had more than 10% mutation probability and early-onset breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer were received genetic counseling and genetic testing for applicants. We analyzed association between family history of the probands and BRCA 1/2 mutation. We also calculated sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value(PPV) at the10% threshold in BRCAPRO and Myriad II. Results: Two handred forty-three(9.1%) people were selected as a risk of inheriting breast cancer, of which sixty-eight people (2.5%) were constructed family tree. The number of people who had more than 10% and 30% mutation probability by BRCAPRO was eight (0.30%) and five (0.18%).Fourteen people performed BRCA1/2 genetic testing (proband : thirteen, relative: one). Seven people carried a deleterious BRCA mutation (BRCA1: five, BRCA2: two). In the cases which had more than 30% mutation probability, all of them carried a deleterious BRCA mutation. Most of their mutation site was L63X which was most frequent in Japan. People who had personal or family history of breast and ovarian cancer, triple negative breast cancer were significantly associated with BRCA1/2 mutation.(p = 0.035,p = 0.015,p = 0.009) Using a 10% threshold, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value in BRCAPRO was 75%,83%,85% and 63%,67%,71% in Myriad II respectively. When it comes to the cases which had more than 30% mutation probability, Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value were all 100% in BRCAPRO. Conclusions: It is recommended to perform genetic testing for especially those who have personal or family history of both breast and ovarian cancer, triple negative breast cancer. 10% threshold of BRCAPRO and Myriad II is generally applicable to selecting eligible person in the Japanese population. BRCAPRO is superior to Myriad II in terms of sensitivity, specificity, PPV in our study. The cases which have more than 30% mutation probability need to have genetic testing. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-12-04.
479 DISCREPANCY OF TREATMENT GUIDELINES AND LIVER BIOPSY FINDINGS IN HEPATITIS B PATIENTS
Authors: F.O. Önder, G. Kabaçam, B. Savaş, D. Ozer Etik, E. Öztas, R. Idilman, N. Şaşmaz, E. Kayaçetin, C. Yurdaydin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
PIOGLITAZONE ON TOP OF STATIN THERAPY FAILS TO CONFER ADDITIONAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT IN CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL USING 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Eun Ho Choo, Ik Jun Choi, Mineok Chang, Jin Jin Kim, Sungmin Lim, Minkyu Kang, Byung-Hee Hwang, Donggyu Moon, Jae Gyung Kim, Tae-Hun Kim, Yoon Seok Koh, Suk Min Seo, Chan Jun Kim, Pum Joon Kim, Kiyuk Chang, Wook Sung Chung, Ki-Bae Seung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Cell in Medical Science: vol 1, The Cell and Its Organelles; vol 2, Cellular Genetics, Development and Cellular Specialization
Authors: David Lagunoff
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In the quarter of a century since 1950, much of the impressive advance in biology has depended on the synergism among macromolecular structural studies, molecular biology, and cell biology. This new fourvolume set is devoted to the third member of the triumvirate. According to its editors, the objective of the series is to fill a gap between the primary literature and textbooks. My impression from perusing the first two volumes is of substantial failure in the face of difficult obstacles. The individually authored sections of the first volume run the gamut from a sometimes whimsical consideration of the cell as a unit to a final chapter that appears to be little more than a hastily compiled annotated bibliography of subcellular pathology. The first volume in general is organelle-oriented. The second volume takes a different tack, opening with a consideration of genetics and differentiation and following up with chapters on specialized
EVIDENCE OF LEFT ATRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN HIGHLY TRAINED ATHLETES WITH ATRIAL DILATION. A LEFT ATRIAL MYOCARDIAL DEFORMATION STUDY
Authors: Luigi Gabrielli, Bart Bijnens, Silvia Montserrat, Josep Gutierrez, Lluis Mont, Joseph Brugada, Marta Sitges
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Prognostic Applications of Exercise Testing
Authors: Robert O. Bonow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

During the past three decades, the exercise test has evolved into a method of considerable importance in the evaluation of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Exercise testing aids physicians in making the diagnosis, in quantifying the functional limitation caused by the disease in individual patients, and in evaluating therapeutic effects. Exercise testing may also yield important prognostic insights. Exercise capacity, heart-rate and blood-pressure responses, and the presence and severity of symptoms and electrocardiographic evidence of inducible myocardial ischemia are among the variables that have value in risk stratification; these indexes provide additional prognostic information beyond that obtained . . .
Dr Spock's Baby and Child Care
Authors: E. Loder
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Dr Spock’s childcare manual is the best selling book ever written by a physician. This feat is all the more remarkable because it was achieved without the book promotion blogs, podcasts, and Oprah appearances that characterise the contemporary era of celebrity doctor authors. First published in the United States in 1946, and never out of print since, the book famously assured anxious postwar parents that “you know more than you think you do.”

Perhaps reflecting his training in psychoanalysis as well as paediatrics, Spock advocated parental flexibility and child care that is based on “what good mothers and …
A MEMORABLE PATIENT
Authors: G. Black
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Fen was Dutch and had come to Bermuda after the second world war. He was a lawyer and obviously very successful. I saw him infrequently, only about two or three times in 10 years, but when he walked into my office on this occasion I noted a weight loss and his tired expression. His symptoms were few—vague abdominal discomfort and lack of energy. On abdominal examination the diagnosis was obvious. The liver was enlarged, hard, and knobbly. He wanted to know my diagnosis. I told him he probably had metastatic deposits in the liver from a primary in the stomach or …
Impact of Miniprobes Compared to Conventional Endosonography in the Staging of Low-Grade Gastric MALT Lymphoma
Authors: N. Lügering, J. Menzel, T. Kucharzik, P. Koch, H. Herbst, M. Tiemann, W. Domschke
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

In patients with low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma, conventional endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered to be the most accurate modality for locoregional staging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of ultrasonic miniprobes as part of routine clinical staging.A total of 39 patients who were histologically diagnosed with low-grade MALT lymphoma were reviewed retrospectively before treatment (n = 15) and during follow-up (n = 24). Assessment of tumor penetration into the gastric wall was based on the TNM system. Pathological lymph-node involvement was suggested by the presence of inhomogeneous hypoechoic echo patterns, with clearly demarcated borders. All examinations were carried out using a mechanical miniprobe (Olympus; diameter 2.4 mm, 12 MHz) introduced through the working channel of the endoscope. Ultrasonic miniprobe findings were compared with conventional EUS data and histology.Using pretreatment endoscopic ultrasonography, gastric lymphomas presented endoscopically with an ulcer (in five of 15 patients) or a diffuse infiltrative pattern (ten of 15 patients). The ultrasonic miniprobe identified a T1 lesion in 53 % (T2, 33 %) and EUS in 60 % (T2, 20 %) of cases. Pathological lymph-node involvement in T1-T2 lesions was diagnosed with the ultrasonic miniprobe in 53 % of cases and with EUS in 60 %. Using endoscopic ultrasonography during the follow-up period, in patients with normal miniprobe ultrasonography (n = 15), the histological examination confirmed a complete remission in all patients. Hypoechoic thickening of the mucosa or submucosa, or both, was seen in nine patients. Endoscopic biopsies in four of these nine patients revealed recurrent lymphoma.The ultrasonic miniprobe can be recommended as part of routine care in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma, both initially and during the follow-up period. The clinical significance of ultrasonic miniprobe examinations is that they can be performed as a single-step procedure during diagnostic endoscopy.
Evolution of bronchoalveolar cell populations in the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: K P Steinberg, J A Milberg, T R Martin, R J Maunder, B A Cockrill, L D Hudson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To characterize the evolution of inflammation in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and test the hypothesis that sustained alveolar inflammation is associated with a poor outcome in patients with ARDS, we performed fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 125 patients and compared BAL cells and protein concentrations in survivors and nonsurvivors. ARDS followed sepsis syndrome in 35 patients, major trauma in 41, and other causes in 49. When possible, BAL was performed on Days 3, 7, and 14 after the onset of ARDS. Sixty-five patients (52%) had more than one BAL. We first performed analyses on each BAL day using information from all 212 BAL in the 125 patients (cross-sectional analysis). All patients had increased leukocytes and total protein in the first BAL (Day 3 after onset of ARDS). In patients with ARDS following sepsis, the percentage of BAL polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was higher on Day 7 (p = 0.11) and particularly Day 14 (p = 0.02) in patients who died; there was a consistent trend of a higher PMN concentration on all days in patients who died then in those who lived. In patients with ARDS following trauma and other risks, however, BAL PMN measures did not distinguish survivors from patients who died. Analysis of serial data from the patients with more than one BAL showed that alveolar macrophages (AM) increased in survivors of ARDS, both in absolute numbers and as a percentage of total cells; this pattern was most pronounced in the sepsis patients. The cross-sectional data analysis suggests that sustained alveolar inflammation occurs frequently in patients with ARDS following sepsis and is associated with a high mortality.
Using combination therapy to override stromal-mediated chemoresistance in mutant FLT3-positive AML: synergism between FLT3 inhibitors, dasatinib/multi-targeted inhibitors and JAK inhibitors
Authors: E Weisberg, Q Liu, Erik Nelson, A L Kung, A L Christie, R Bronson, M Sattler, T Sanda, Z Zhao, W Hur, C Mitsiades, R Smith, J F Daley, R Stone, I Galinsky, J D Griffin, N Gray
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Coronary Heart Disease Epidemiology Revisited
Authors: FREDERICK H. EPSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Epidemiological research relating coronary heart disease risk to risk factors has been reviewed and condensed into simple, diagrammatic form. The predictive power of risk factors for detecting susceptibles in the population is presented. While much is now known about long-term prediction, there is an urgent need for tests to signal impending heart attacks. Against this background, the potential for preventive action is discussed in the light of current knowledge. The "clinical-individual" and "community" approaches to prevention are contrasted. To what extent is prevention on the community level warranted, pending the results of controlled prophylactic trials? The view is presented that advice on preventive measures to the population at large is justified at this time, based on education and planned change but short of an all-out campaign which must await conclusive data from intervention studies.
Use of topical ketanserin in the treatment of skin ulcers: A double-blind study
Authors: Paul A.J. Janssen, Herwig Janssen, Geert Cauwenbergh, Piet De Doncker, Karel De Beule, Paul Lewi, Hubert F. Tytgat, Charles M. Lapière
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1989)
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate receptor causes formation of ER cisternal stacks in transfected fibroblasts and in cerebellar purkinje cells
Authors: K. Takei, G.A. Mignery, E. Mugnaini, T.C. Südhof, P. De Camilli
Journal: Neuron (1994)

The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is expressed at very high levels in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Within these neurons, it has a widespread distribution throughout the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is present at particularly high concentrations at sites of membrane appositions within peculiar stacks of ER cisternae. Here we report that stacks of ER cisternae, reminiscent of those observed in Purkinje cells, can be induced by overexpression of full-length IP3R, but not of mutant forms of the protein in COS cells. Within these stacks the IP3R forms a crystalline array at apposed cisternal faces. Additionally, we show that Purkinje cell stacks are not permanent structures. Our findings suggest that massive stack formation in purkinje cells represents an adaptive response of the ER to hypoxic conditions and is due to the presence of the high concentration of IP3R in its membranes.
Disruption of the SCL gene by a t(1;3) translocation in a patient with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: P D Aplan, S C Raimondi, I R Kirsch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

SCL gene disruptions are the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with the development of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Such disruptions can be the result of t(1;14) and t(1;7) translocations, as well as a cytogenetically undetectable interstitial deletion of chromosome 1. We present here a case of T cell ALL with a t(1;3)(p34;p21) translocation that also disrupts the SCL locus and leads to dysregulated SCL gene expression. This translocation, similar to previously reported SCL gene disruptions, appears to have been mediated, at least in part, by the V(D)J recombinase complex, since cryptic heptamer recognition sequences, as well as nontemplated N region nucleotide addition, are present at the breakpoints. The t(1;3) also disrupts a region on chromosome 3 characterized by alternating purine and pyrimidine residues, which can form a Z-DNA structure, reported to be prone to recombination events. A previously undescribed, evolutionarily conserved transcript unit is detected within 8 kb of the breakpoint on chromosome 3. This report extends the spectrum of recognized SCL translocations associated with T cell ALL, and underscores the contention that dysregulated SCL expression may be a causal event in T cell ALL.
Home Accidents in Massachusetts
Authors: Helen L. Roberts, John E. Gordon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

SELECTED features of a comparative study of accident mortality in Massachusetts and in the United States are presented here to illustrate a serious community health problem that receives too little attention. The direct objective is to determine by epidemiologic analysis the features of accident prevention that warrant special consideration in Massachusetts. We are keenly aware that to study accidental deaths without concurrent attention to temporary and permanent disability is to under-rate greatly the medical, economic and social seriousness of the problem. In the absence of specific morbidity data, deaths necessarily serve as the index.Although the total death rate from . . .