tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OF SOME COMPLICATIONS OF COLLES' FRACTURE
Authors: Miland E. Knapp
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Colles' fracture is a fracture of the lower end of the radius, within 1 in. (2.54 cm.) of the articular surface of the radius, which may or may not be accompanied by a fracture of the styloid process of the ulna. The usual deformity is threefold: posterior displacement, posterior angulation, and radial deviation of the hand at the wrist. The bone ends are usually impacted. The injury results from a fall on the outstretched hand, and this accounts for the type of deformity produced.  In reducing the fracture, it is extremely important that the posterior displacement and angulation be corrected, so that there will be a full range of motion in volar flexion. The fracture is usually immobilized with the wrist in marked volar flexion, in order to obtain reduction of these deformities. It is frequently necessary that this be done, but in the majority of cases, immobilization may be carried out with the wrist straight or in slight flexion. Since exaggerated volar flexion is a position in which normal function is almost impossible, it is important that the wrist be placed in as nearly a straight line as is consistent with maintenance of the reduction. The wrist should be replaced
Clinical Problems with the Performance of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands
Authors: Johanna H. Groenewoud, Agnes van der Heide, Bregje D. Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Dick L. Willems, Paul J. van der Maas, Gerrit van der Wal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The characteristics and frequency of clinical problems with the performance of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are uncertain. We analyzed data from two studies of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the Netherlands (one conducted in 1990 and 1991 and the other in 1995 and 1996), with a total of 649 cases. We categorized clinical problems as technical problems, such as difficulty inserting an intravenous line; complications, such as myoclonus or vomiting; or problems with completion, such as a longer-than-expected interval between the administration of medications and death.
Strength retention properties of self-reinforced poly l-lactide (SR-PLLA) sutures compared with polyglyconate (MaxonR) and polydioxanone (PDS) sutures. An in vitro study
Authors: Pirkka Mäkelä, Timo Pohjonen, Pertti Törmälä, Timo Waris, Nureddin Ashammakhi
Journal: Biomaterials (2002)
HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY 1-123 FRAGMENT E1 FOR THROMBUS DETECTION: INITIAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: LC Knight, AH Maurer, M Kollmann, IA Ammar, E Paczolt, K Lewis, RA Vilti, LS Malmud
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Knight, L C; Maurer, A H; Kolimann, M.; Ammar, I A; Paczoit, E; Lewis, K; Vitti, R A; Malmud, L S Author Information
Cases in Midwifery: With Remarks
Authors: T. Radford
Journal: BMJ (1851)

But these affections may possibly be only functionally nervous; they are not always connected with organic changes in the nervous centres.Contracture is sometimes congenital, but more commonly consecutive to nervous diseases, either with organic alteration, or rurely nervous.This latter kind, which I have ascer- tained, as well as French physicians, by dissection, is termed by the latter (Rilliet and Barthez,) the essential * Continued from page 428.
Free α-Globin Pool in Human Bone Marrow
Authors: Frances M. Gill, Elias Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

A pool of free α-globin chains was found in the bone marrow samples from three controls, two patients with β-thalassemia trait, three with sickle β-thalassemia, three with hemoglobin (Hb) Lepore trait, one with αβ-thalassemia, four with homozygous β-thalassemia, and one doubly heterozygous for Hb Lepore and β-thalassemia. The average percentage of newly synthesized α-chains found in the free α-globin pool was 6.2% in the controls and 33.0% in the patients heterozygous for thalassemia or Hb Lepore. These controls and patients had balanced β- and α-globin synthesis in the bone marrow. In the homozygous patients and in the one patient doubly heterozygous for thalassemia and Hb Lepore, there was a marked deficit of β-chain synthesis in the bone marrow and also a large pool of newly synthesized free α-chains. The function of this pool of free α-chains is not known, but it may be involved in the regulation of globin chain synthesis in normal patients and in the compensatory synthesis of β-chains that occurs in the bone marrow of patients heterozygous for thalassemia or for Hb Lepore.
FLT3-ITD up-regulates MCL-1 to promote survival of stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia via FLT3-ITD–specific STAT5 activation
Authors: Goichi Yoshimoto, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Siamak Jabbarzadeh-Tabrizi, Tadafumi Iino, Jennifer L. Rocnik, Yoshikane Kikushige, Yasuo Mori, Takahiro Shima, Hiromi Iwasaki, Katsuto Takenaka, Koji Nagafuji, Shin-ichi Mizuno, Hiroaki Niiro, Gary D. Gilliland, Koichi Akashi
Journal: Blood (2009)
REMOVAL OF PART OF A SAFETY-PIN FROM THE BRONCHUS OF A CHILD BY PERORAL BRONCHOSCOPY
Authors: D. A. Crow
Journal: BMJ (1924)

the total rainfall was tremendous, and the humidity 1 per cent.below the normal.This would support the argument that raini without cold w-inds is harmless, while the converse also applies.The hlumani deaths correspond also, but, owing possibly to the different modes of life of acclimatized humans and unacclimatized wild animals, the difference is not so marked.
The Problem of Psoriasis
Authors: R. M. B. MacKenna
Journal: BMJ (1950)

The principal difficulty in regard to psoriasis is that we still do not know the cause of the malady ;'therefore theories concerning the aetiology abound and become more numerous and more complex as the years pass, while treatment remains empirical.Nevertheless, despite this empiricism, treatment is not so hopeless a proposition as some would have us believe, although we still have to tell our patients that no one can guarantee that they will not suffer from future attacks of the eruption.
Anxiety Reduction by Self-Regulation: Theory, Practice, and Evaluation
Authors: RICHARD J. GOLDBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Self-regulatory therapies such as relaxation, biofeedback, and meditation have attracted increasing interest as primary or adjunctive treatments for anxiety. In addition to a clinical perspective, this review provides the medical practitioner with the underlying theory and methodologic issues involved in assessing the efficacy of self-regulation.
Live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses
Authors: Steven M Jones, Heinz Feldmann, Ute Ströher, Joan B Geisbert, Lisa Fernando, Allen Grolla, Hans-Dieter Klenk, Nancy J Sullivan, Viktor E Volchkov, Elizabeth A Fritz, Kathleen M Daddario, Lisa E Hensley, Peter B Jahrling, Thomas W Geisbert
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Philadelphia County Medical Society.
Authors: T. B. Schneideman
Journal: JAMA (1894)

three weeks with inflammatory rheumatism, caused by the fall and subsequent exposure, his business, meanwhile, suf¬ fering from neglect.The recital is not unique in the expe¬ rience of our profession, as Dr. L. suggests, nor is the sequel.For he has never received the thanks, much less an honora¬ rium, from the Company.Nor would the incident be re¬ called at this late date except to point the moral, that doc¬ tors, journeying as they annually do for the public weal, are entitled to something better than Midwinter Fair rates.Change the Code?No, but rather the consciences of men.
V. Mechanisms of tolerance and sensitization in the intestine and other organs of the body
Authors: Stephan Strobel
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The intestinal tract is the major immunological organ of the human body. The gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) play an important role in the suppression of adverse reactions to foods and in the induction of "Oral Tolerance". Immunologically mediated clinical reactions to foods exist outside the gut environment and can affect virtually all organ systems.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF LIPODYSTROPHIC DISTURBANCES
Authors: Lloyd H. Ziegler, Curtis T. Prout
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1928)

Eighty-two reports of cases of lipodystrophy were reviewed. Fifteen patients were markedly self-conscious about changes in their appearance. In 17 cases the family or friends were worried about the patient's health. In eight, nervous or mental symptoms were rather marked. In 43 no abnormality of behavior was noted. There seemed to be no psychiatric symptom-complex common to lipodystrophy, aside from self-consciousness and the tendency to share in the alarm of friends and relatives. Psychiatric symptoms when present seemed on the whole to be psychoneurotic. No constant neurologic symptoms or signs were observed accompanying lipodystrophy. Although weakness is a usual symptom at one stage or another of lipodystrophy, no general symptom-complex or diseases can be considered closely related to it until more cases are available for study. Nervous symptoms in all cases resulting from self-consciousness over personal appearance are not constantly present. No conclusive evidence has been collected to support the theory that the integrity of the nervous system is affected by the disorder.
In the Spotlight: Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Systems Biology
Authors: May Dongmei Wang
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2011)

During the last decade, the Human Genome Project [1], Human Proteome Project [2], Human Physiome Project [3], The International HapMap Project, Genome-Wide Associate Study (GWAS), The 1000 Genomes Project, The Human Microbiome Project, Epigenome, Metabolome, LIPID MAPS, and Next Generation Sequencing have generated large volumes of molecular data about human genes, proteins, physiology, SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism), metabolites, and lipids etc. This has led to the fast growth of several research sub-areas: 1) high-volume molecular data mining and interpretation; 2) systems biology based on molecular features (i.e., biomarkers) extracted from high-throughput data. Examples include molecular interaction network reconstruction and pathway modeling; 3) synthetic biology, where researchers use engineering approach to make artificial cell and organism; and 4) translational bioinformatics that identifies genomic and proteomic biomarkers of disease to understand molecular mechanisms and guide clinical decision making. This field has grown so rapidly that there are a dozen bioinformatics conferences each year organized by researchers with different backgrounds such as biological or medical sciences, computing or computer science, and engineering.

In 2004, the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) started the theme “Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Systems Biology, Modeling Methodologies.” It started with high throughput omic data analysis, structural bioinformatics, physiological modeling, then moved to systems biology, and recently included synthetic biology, with future movement towards translational bioinformatics in biomedical applications such as cancer prevention, therapeutics, clinical data mining and decision making. In this spotlight, we summarize key topics of importance for the EMBS community.
Good long-term outcome of Budd-Chiari syndrome with a step-wise management
Authors: Susana Seijo, Aurelie Plessier, Jildou Hoekstra, Alessandra Dell'Era, Dalvinder Mandair, Kinan Rifai, Jonel Trebicka, Isabelle Morard, Luc Lasser, Juan G. Abraldes, Sarwa Darwish Murad, Jörg Heller, Antoine Hadengue, Massimo Primignani, Elwyn Elias, Harry L.A. Janssen, Dominique C. Valla, Juan-Carlos Garcia-Pagan
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare, life-threatening disease caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. The aim of the study was to assess long-term outcome and identify prognostic factors in BCS patients managed by a step-wise approach using anticoagulation, angioplasty/thrombolysis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS), and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We reviewed long-term data on 157 patients previously included by the European Network for Vascular Disorders of the Liver, a multicenter prospective study of newly diagnosed BCS patients in nine European countries. Patients were followed for a median of 50 months (range, 0.1-74.0). During the study, 88 patients (56%) received at least one invasive intervention (22 patients angioplasty/thrombolysis, 62 TIPS, and 20 OLT) and 36 (22.9%) died. Most interventions and/or deaths occurred in the first 2 years after diagnosis. The Rotterdam score was excellent in predicting intervention-free survival, and no other variable could significantly improve its prognostic ability. Moreover, BCS-TIPS prognostic index (PI) score (based on international normalized ratio, bilirubin, and age) was strongly associated with survival and had a discriminative capacity, which was superior to the Rotterdam score.The current study confirms, in a large cohort of patients with BCS recruited over a short period, that a step-wise treatment approach provides good long-term survival. In addition, the study validates the Rotterdam score for predicting intervention-free survival and the BCS-TIPS PI score for predicting survival.
THE DETECTION OF A VIRAL INTERFERING SUBSTANCE IN THE SHOPE PAPILLOMA AND THE Vx7 AND Vx2 CARCINOMAS
Authors: Deborah Pavan Langston, Leslie H. Sobin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

In vivo assay of Shope papilloma protein extract and in vitro assay of extracts from Shope papilloma, Vx7 and Vx2 carcinomas showed strong interferon-like activity in the papilloma and moderate activity in the carcinomas. The interpretation is that the presence of viral nucleic acid in all three tumors stimulated the production of this substance even though fluorescent antibody studies reveal the protein coat only in the papilloma and Vx7.
VENEREAL DISEASE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM.
Authors: W. C. GATES
Journal: JAMA (1900)

When studying medicine I was taught, not only by one but by many, that if I would attain to the greatest degree of success in the profession I must treat every patient who presented, no matter what his social position or standing, age, or other condition, as if he were infected with venereal disease until I had proved to the contrary. At that time I could not fully credit the statement and questioned the observation of the men who made it. I entered practice about ten years ago, in a town with an average population of 500, which for all practical purposes of this paper is an ordinary country village, isolated from the rest of the world and a great distance from any city. There was no house of prostitution in the township, and no public prostitute has existed within its borders since my residence there, but time and experience
901. Recovery from Type 1 Diabetes by Insulin and Glucokinase Expression in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Joel Montane, Alex Mas, Xavier M. Anguela, Anne M. Douar, Pedro J. Otaegui, Fatima Bosch
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing |[beta]|-cells in pancreatic islets. Chronic hyperglycemia, due to failure to maintain proper glycemic control by insulin treatment, leads to the development of diabetes-specific microvascular pathology in the retina and renal glomerulus, and neurological and macrovascular complications. Skeletal muscle is the most important site of glucose removal from blood: it accounts for about 70% of glucose disposal after a meal. Skeletal muscle can be engineered to produce basal levels of insulin and express the liver enzyme glucokinase (GK), both of which increase glucose removal from blood. To obtain long-term expression of insulin and GK genes we examined the use of adeno-associated (AAV-1 serotype) viral vectors to transduce skeletal muscle. Co-expression of insulin and GK in skeletal muscle of diabetic mice treated with AAV1 vectors, restored normoglycemia and reverted all metabolic alterations. Moreover, the normalization of glycemia was parallel to normalization of fluid and food intake. Furthermore, these Ins+GK-treated diabetic mice did not develop secondary complications, such as peripheral neuropathy and nephropathy. Thus, we report evidence that a novel viral gene-therapy approach provides blood glucose concentration-dependent regulation of glucose homeostasis in diabetic animals. This is achieved by a combination of basal insulin production and the |[ldquo]|glucose sensor|[rdquo]| activity of GK in skeletal muscle. The significance of this work is that since normalization of glycemia is achieved, secondary complications of type 1 diabetes may not develop. This would greatly improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.
Risk factors for emphysema. Cigarette smoking is associated with a reduction in the association rate constant of lung alpha 1-antitrypsin for neutrophil elastase.
Authors: F Ogushi, R C Hubbard, C Vogelmeier, G A Fells, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The increased risk of developing emphysema among individuals who smoke cigarettes and who have normal levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) is hypothesized to result from a decrease in the antineutrophil elastase capacity of the lower respiratory tract alpha 1AT of smokers compared with nonsmokers. To evaluate this hypothesis we compared the time-dependent kinetics of the inhibition of neutrophil elastase by lung alpha 1AT from healthy, young cigarette smokers (n = 8) and nonsmokers (n = 12). alpha 1-antitrypsin was purified from lavage fluid using affinity and molecular sieve chromatography, and the association rate constant (k assoc) for neutrophil elastase quantified. The k assoc of smoker plasma alpha 1AT (9.5 +/- 0.5 X 10(6) M-1s-1) was similar to that of nonsmoker plasma (9.3 +/- 0.7 X 10(6) M-1s-1, P greater than 0.5). In marked contrast, the k assoc of smoker lower respiratory tract alpha 1AT was significantly lower than that of nonsmoker alpha 1AT (6.5 +/- 0.4 X 10(6) M-1s-1 vs. 8.1 +/- 0.5 X 10(6) M-1s-1, P less than 0.01). Furthermore, the smoker lower respiratory tract alpha 1AT k assoc was significantly less than that of autologous plasma (P less than 0.01). When considered in the context of the concentration of alpha 1AT in the lower respiratory tract epithelial lining fluid, the inhibition time for neutrophil elastase of smoker lung alpha 1AT was twofold greater than that of nonsmoker lung alpha 1AT (smoker: 0.34 +/- 0.05 s vs. nonsmoker: 0.17 +/- 0.05 s, P less than 0.01). Consequently, for concentrations of alpha 1AT in the lower respiratory tract it takes twice as long for an equivalent amount of neutrophil elastase to be inhibited in the smoker's lung compared with the nonsmoker's lung. These observations support the concept that cigarette smoking is associated with a decrease in the lower respiratory tract neutrophil elastase inhibitory capacity, thus increasing the vulnerability of the lung to elastolytic destruction and thereby increasing the risk for the development of emphysema.
Abstract 4024: Aberrant DNA methylation of Shisa3 is a novel prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer
Authors: Tzu-Ming Jao, Ming-Hong Tsai, Wen-Chi Chen, Chun-Chieh Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Ya-Chien Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Shisa3, a newly identified tumor suppressor, inhibits invasion and metastasis via regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer. We first screened 11 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines as well as 10 pairs of primary tumors and matched normal mucosas for Shisa3 expression by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Shisa3 gene was silenced or down-regulated in 8 (72.7%) cell lines and 8 (80%) CRC tumors, suggesting that Shisa3 might be also involved in colorectal tumorigenesis. Accordingly, we further confirmed Shisa3 expression was significantly decreased in 59.6% (31/52) of colorectal carcinomas compared with corresponding normal mucosas by real-time RT-PCR (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Using gene copy number assay, we ruled out chromosomal instability pathway as the major mechanism resulting in Shisa3 silencing in CRC. While Shisa3 mRNA expression was restored in 66.7% (4/6) of CRC cell lines as exposure to DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine. CpG islands spanning around Shisa3 gene were predicted via MethPrimer program. Aberrant methylation of 5 CpG loci in Shisa3 intron 1 was identified in CRC cell lines and primary tumors by bisulfite sequencing, and their methylation levels determined by pyrosequencing were inverse correlation with Shisa3 mRNA expression. In addition, among 127 pairs of CRC tissues, Shisa3 methylation levels in tumors were much higher than that in corresponding normal mucosas (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and Shisa3 hypermethylation was significantly associated with disease recurrence in stages B and C patients (P = 0.008). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with Shisa3 hypermethylation revealed significantly shortened overall survival (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and disease-free survival (P = 0.006). In conclusion, Shisa3 gene hypermethylation could serve as a molecular predictor of disease recurrence and poor prognosis in CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4024. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4024
Abstract 19: Desmoplakin has a tumor suppressive function through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in human lung cancer
Authors: Linlin Yang, Yuan Chen, Tiantian Cui, Thomas Knösel, Qing Zhang, Kai Albring, Otmar Huber, Iver Petersen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Desmosomes are intercellular junctions that confer strong cell-cell adhesion thus provide resistance against mechanical stress on epithelial tissues. A body of evidence indicates that decreased expression of desmosomal proteins is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. As a key component of desmosomal plaque proteins, the role of desmoplakin (DSP) in lung cancer is not yet elucidated. Here, we investigated the anti-tumourigenic activity of DSP in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that DSP expression was downregulated in 8 out of 11 lung cancer cell lines and in 34 out of 56 primary lung tumours, and DNA methylation was responsible for gene silencing of DSP in both cell lines and primary lung tumours. Ectopic expression of DSP in NSCLC cell line H157 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, as well as invasion, and also increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to apoptosis induced by an anticancer drug, gemcitabine. Furthermore, overexpression of DSP led to enhanced expression of another desmosomal plaque protein plakoglobin (also called γ-catenin), a competitor of β-catenin, resulting in decreased nuclear β-catenin levels and reduced expression of the Wnt/β-catenin target genes Axin2 and MMP14. Knockdown of DSP by siRNA resulted in downregulation of plakoglobin and upregulation of Axin2 and MMP14. Taken together, our data suggest that DSP is inactivated in lung cancer by DNA methylation, DSP increases the sensitivity to anticancer drug-induced apoptosis, and DSP has tumour suppressive function through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in NSCLC. The epigenetic regulation of DSP and its ability to increase the sensitivity to anticancer drug-induced apoptosis imply the clinical application. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 19. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-19