tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter: Eugynon 30 and dermatitis.
Authors: D F Morris
Journal: BMJ (1974)

In 1967; 1972 and 1974, Lyndiol-2.5; Norinyl-1; and Microgynon 30 were respectively prescribed to a woman who, after taking a few tablets on each occasion, developed a mild diffuse urticarial rash, mostly on the limbs and chest. She took the 1st 2 drugs for only 2 weeks but completed the course of Microgynon 30. The rash disappeared during the pill-free week. Piriton 4 mg was prescribed with the 2nd pill cycle to determine if it would modify the effect; it did not and the woman discontinued the pill on the 5th day. She 1st conceived in 1957 and was found to be allergic to nickel; she had uneventful pregnancies in 1961 and 1967. These oral contraceptives do not have any common hormone; dye; nor manufacturer, and the problem has yet to be resolved.
Treatment and Rehabilitation of the Chronic Alcoholic
Authors: Donald W. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This is the fifth and final volume of<i>The Biology of Alcoholism</i>. The five volumes, containing 3,129 pages by more than 100 contributors, are well edited and well documented. The work is the most exhaustive of its kind, and if the editors are a little exhausted themselves, it is understandable. They deserve every kind of praise for a stupendous effort. The last volume is as good as the others, meaning first-rate. The subject is treatment and rehabilitation. Every base is touched. What the physician can and cannot do; how psychotherapy can and cannot help; what Alcoholics Anonymous does and does not offer— these topics will interest many. Also well examined are group, family, and behavior therapy; halfway houses; the hard-won expertise of the recovered alcoholic as alcoholism counselor; training of professionals; and the role of public treatment programs. Finally, the editors are scientists by background, and throughout the book one
THE REFORMED NUMERATION OF PRISMS AND THE CENTRAD AS THE UNIT.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: B. ALEX. RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1891)

About twenty years ago was inaugurated the reform in the numbering of ophthalmological lenses upon the basis of their actual strength as determined by their focal length. Before that time lenses were generally taken at a face value, which represented, in such diverse units of length as were locally employed, the radius of curvature to which each was ground. The reform met opposition on the ground that lenses had to be made by grinding to surfaces of given radii, that the radii gave a sufficiently accurate indication of the focal strength, that there would be large financial loss in abandoning the old system and adopting the new, with its less familiar units—in short, that the change, even if theoretically desirable, involved more practical difficulty than actual advantage. Yet the positive advantages of the reformed system, arising in part from its metric character, but also largely from its acknowledged accuracy of
Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae: detection by starch paper technique.
Authors: T O Odugbemi, S Hafiz, M G McEntegart
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Several mechanisms for the development of gastric dilatation in anorexia nervosa have been suggested.In this girl, in three other reported cases,2-4 and in emaciated prisoners of war, recounted from Markowski by Russell,5 dilatation occurred soon after a sudden increase in normal food intake.Scobie:' reports duodenal dilatation as common in anorectic patients undergoing barium meal examination for causes other than gastric dilatation.He suggests that this is a neurogenic complication of malnourishment.Possibly this functional duodenal obstruction exacerbated by a sudden load on the stomach may produce dilatation.This supposition is supported by the presence of upper gastrointestinal tract dilatation in association with some cases of gastric dilatation.2 4 In our case and in Russell's there was no evidence of electrolyte disturbance as a cause for the dilatation.Russell5 suggested that psychogenic factors were important, but other authors'-4 have not reported them nor could we find any in our patient.Drugs may contribute to this complication, but, although most patients have been treated with phenothiazines, one4 was receiving only diazepam.We have been unable to find other reports of gastric dilatation associated with diazepam.Jennings and Klidjian4 quote an incidence of four cases of undefined "paralytic ileus" occurring in 720 patients treated with phenothiazines, but there is no specific mention of gastric dilatation in reports on phenothiazine side effects.
Vietnamese people in study may have had language difficulties
Authors: J. S Nguyen-Van-Tam, R. J Madeley
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Van der Sijs-Bos and colleagues claim that our evidence is insufficient to challenge the specifi- city of prenatal diagnosis of Turner's syndrome karyotypes made by amniocentesis, but at the same time they present data that point in the same direction as our data.We must re-emphasise the conclusion of our paper: the only study that will resolve this ques- tion is one looking at every fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of a Turner's syndrome karyotype, with special reference to the distribution of cells in cases of mosaic karyotypes, results from karyotyping of aborted fetuses, and karyotyping of infants with the syndrome who have not yet been examined postnatally.
Sleeping Beauty Transposon‐mediated Engineering of Human Primary T Cells for Therapy of CD19+ Lymphoid Malignancies
Authors: Xin Huang, Hongfeng Guo, Johnthomas Kang, Suet Choi, Tom C Zhou, Syam Tammana, Christopher J Lees, Zhong-Ze Li, Michael Milone, Bruce L Levine, Jakub Tolar, Carl H June, R Scott McIvor, John E Wagner, Bruce R Blazar, Xianzheng Zhou
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

We have reported earlier that the non-viral Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system can mediate genomic integration and long-term reporter gene expression in human primary peripheral blood (PB) T cells. In order to test whether this system can be used for genetically modifying both PB T cells and umbilical cord blood (UCB) T cells as graft-versus-leukemia effector cells, an SB transposon was constructed to coexpress a single-chain chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for human CD19 and CD20. PB and UCB were nucleofected with the transposon and a transposase plasmid, activated and then expanded in culture using anti-CD3/CD28 beads. Stable dual-gene expression was confirmed in both T-cell types, permitting enrichment by positive selection with Rituxan. The engineered CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells both exhibited specific cytotoxicity against CD19(+) leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, as well as against CD19 transfectants, and produced high-levels of antigen-dependent Th1 (but not Th2) cytokines. The in vivo adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T cells significantly reduced tumor growth and prolonged the survival of the animal. Taken together, these data indicate that T cells from PB and UCB can be stably modified using a non-viral DNA transfer system, and that such modified T cells may be useful in the treatment of refractory leukemia and lymphoma.
Parliamentary committee criticises PFI
Authors: A. McGauran
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The UK public sector cannot protect itself from the “ultimately untransferable” business risk of private contractors failing to deliver a key public service, concludes a report from the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts. Better evaluation is needed over the lifetime of private finance initiative (PFI) schemes to ensure value for money, it says.

Allyson Pollock, professor of health policy at University College London, who has been attacked for criticising the initiative (8 June, p 1354), commented: “This is a vindication of …
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC LARYNGITIS
Authors: EMIL MAYER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

As functional laryngitis is to be the subject of another part of this symposium, the differential diagnosis and treatment of organic laryngitis only is here presented. It is to be differentiated from affections of the larynx caused by constitutional affections such as syphilis, tuberculosis, lupus aunl scleroma; from the benign laryngeal growths, papilloma, mucocele, etc.; from malignant growths which so frequently involve the larynx; from prolapse of the ventricle; from lesions of the mucous membrane allied to affections of the skin as pemphigus, and from lesions caused by interference with the nerve supply of the larynx, the abductor and adductor paralyses. It is not necessary here to go into detail of the differential diagnosis. The mere mention of the various ailments that may similate chronic laryngitis is quite sufficient to indicate what we have to bear in mind and against which we have to guard in making our diagnosis. There
Necrolytic migratory erythema and zinc deficiency
Authors: S.A. SINCLAIR, N.J. REYNOLDS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is an uncommon condition classically associated with high plasma levels of circulating glucagon and a glucagonoma. We report a patient with cirrhosis who showed clinical and histological features of NME. Investigation revealed normal glucagon levels without evidence of glucagonoma. Serum zinc levels were below the normal range and zinc supplementation resulted in rapid and complete resolution of the eruption.
Electrolytes and pH Changes in Relation to Hypothermic Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: BENJAMIN G. COVINO, A. H. HEGNAUER
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Coronary arteriovenous electrolyte differences were studied in normo- and hypercapneic dogs at normal temperature and at 24 C. The ions measured were sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride and hydrogen. Coronary arteriovenous electrolyte differences did not change during cooling in 16 dogs which did not suffer ventricular fibrillation. Ten hypercapneic hypothermia dogs exhibited characteristic Ca, K, and H ion changes at 24 C. before succumbing to ventricular fibrillation. The data suggest that ventricular fibrillation at low body temperatures is related to a gain of Ca and a loss of K and H ions by the hypothermia hypercapneic myocardium.
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide antagonizes transforming growth factor ?1-induced apoptosis in primary cultures of hepatocytes
Authors: P Martin-Sanz, M J Diaz-Guerra, M Casado, L Bosca
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Incubation of primary cultures of fetal hepatocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) elicited the expression of nitric oxide (NO) synthetase as well as antagonized the apoptotic cell death evoked by treating the cells with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). In addition to LPS, exposure of the cells to chemical NO donors also protected against apoptotic cell death when assayed at concentrations in the low micromolar range. Treatment of hepatocytes with large concentrations of NO donors promoted both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. These results suggest that NO synthesis by hepatocytes might be involved in the protection against apoptotic death.
P3-07-03: One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) for the Diagnosis of Sentinel Lymph Nodes of Breast Cancer – Results of the China Multicenter Study CBCSG-001c.
Authors: YS Wang, T Ouyang, J Wu, YH Liu, XC Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background With the adoption of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy as the standard of care, there is an increasing need for the rapid and accurate intra-operative diagnosis of SLNs. CBCSG-001c was a prospective multicenter trial to validate the One-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay in China. The primary endpoint was the concordance rates of intraoperative OSNA assay with the in-depth permanent histological analyses based both on cases and SLNs. Methods: From Feb. to Dec. 2010, 1188 SLNs from 552 breast cancer patients were enrolled in the CBCSG-001c study at 5 centers. SLNs were cut into alternating ∼2mm sections. One half of the sections were sampled for H&amp;E, with 4 sections at different intervals. The other half was fully tested with the OSNA assay. Predetermined cutoffs were calibrated so only metastases &amp;gt;0.2 mm were detected. Results: The concordance rate was 89.1% (95% CI, 86.3−91.5%), sensitivity 87.7% (95% CI, 81.0−92.7%), and specificity 89.6% (95% CI, 86.3−92.4%) based on 552 cases, and the concordance rate was 91.4% (95% CI, 89.7−92.9%), sensitivity 83.7% (95% CI, 77.7−88.6%), and specificity 92.9% (95% CI, 91.1−94.4%) based on the 1188 SLNs. This quantitative molecular assessment allows the distinction of the size of the metastasis, and the PPV of OSNA [++] for macrometastases was 83.2% (95% CI, 75.0- 89.1%). Discordant results were thought to be partly due to the fact that different tissue sections were used for OSNA assay and histology, and SLNs with ITCs were not considered as histological positive nodes. After discordant case investigation, the senstivity of OSNA assay was significantly higher than that of intraoprative frozen section and touch imprint cyctology. Discussion: As the largest OSNA study to date, our results, together with that of Japan, Germany, and France study, proved the OSNA assay based on CK19 mRNA expression to be a reliable and standardized tool for the intraoperative detection of SLN metastases of breast cancer patients as compared to in-depth permanent histology. The high sensitivity of OSNA assay means reducing the risk of second operation for ALND, medical care costs and patients anxiety. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-03.
Bhagwan Khushaldas Samtani
Authors: R. Walters
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Bhagwan Khushaldas Samtani, known as “Bhagu” and “Sam” at different times in his life, was a larger than life personality throughout his professional career.

Sam was born in Karachi of pre-partition India; his father was a civil engineer. Schooling included Poona College, and medical graduation, with two distinctions, was from Bombay Medical School. Sports were to be important in Sam’s younger life. He represented his college at both tennis and cricket, achieving captaincy in the latter, and an accolade as sportsman of the year. Ballroom dancing was another passion, leading to the winning of trophies.

British medical …
STUDIES ON ANTIBODY PRODUCTION
Authors: Hans-Jobst Wellensiek, Albert H. Coons
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

The physical presence of the antigen used to stimulate a secondary antibody response was demonstrated in the cells of popliteal lymph nodes. Rabbits previously injected with apoferritin (containing no iron), which was prepared from recrystallized horse ferritin, were given an injection of ferritin 5 weeks later. The antigen was traced by means of the Prussian blue reaction, by specific fluorescent antibody, and by electron microscopy. Antiferritin antibody was localized by immunofluorescence, though it was not possible to test cells simultaneously for antigen and antibody. Horse ferritin induces a rather weak primary antibody response, but a brisk secondary response characterized by the appearance in the medullary cords of numerous plasma cells containing antiferritin. Many intact ferritin molecules were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of numerous reticular and other phagocytic cells in the sinuses. In decreasing amount, ferritin molecules were also clearly demonstrated in hemacytoblasts (plasmoblasts), and immature and mature plasmocytes.
A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF POTENTIAL DELINQUENTS
Authors: EMORY F. HODGES, C. DOWNING TAIT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

This follow-up study of 179 children with school behavior problems lends support to the view that potentially delinquent children can be identified with a useful degree of accuracy but casts strong doubts on the hope that social casework services to potential delinquents will significantly reduce the number who actually become officially delinquent. Although the follow-up study of the prediction program is still incomplete, results so far certainly suggest that the Gluecks' method of assessing the child's family life is a useful instrument for identifying potential delinquents. We believe it logical that any comprehensive delinquency prevention program should include such a system of early detection of delinquency. For the appreciable number of potential delinquents who seem unlikely to benefit from the types of services offered by most American cities today, we think certain new techniques need to be developed, especially a family therapeutic community for selected grossly incompetent multi-problem families.
Intraluminal Esophageal Manometry
Authors: Maurice L. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The recording of pressures from the esophagus and its lower sphincter, at one time purely of physiological interest, has proved to be a valuable technique for the study of a number of disorders encountered in clinical medicine. Intraluminal manometry is being effectively utilized at several medical centers as an important supplement to roentgenographic and endoscopic examinations in the evaluation of esophageal motor dysfunction particularly in selected patients with difficult-to-diagnose, upper gastrointestinal symptoms. The basic components of the pressure-recording assemblies used in these tests are three or four small-caliber, open-tipped or balloon-covered, water-catheters separated by several centimeters and connected to extracorporeal transducers so that pressures can be registered from several points simultaneously.<sup>1</sup>These small, flexible tubes are easily swallowed and passed into the stomach. With the subject supine and refraining from swallowing, they are withdrawn at 0.5-cm stepwise intervals from stomach to esophagus thus tracing the pressure profile of the
Utility of Caudal View in Pelvic Bone Imaging
Authors: J SIMON, B DANET, J P ESQUERRE, C F ROQUES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Bone imaging of the lower pelvis often is impaired by the radioactivity of the bladder. The caudal view produces an image that clearly distinguishes the bladder from the bones. Thus, it is helpful in patients with bony lesions of the lower and anterior pelvis. The caudal view examination is completed by a backward tilting of the camera head that clarifies this distinction.
ADAMTS13 activity in sickle cell disease
Authors: John-John B. Schnog, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Soraya Krieg, Şakir Akin, Bernhard Lämmle, Dees P.M. Brandjes, Melvin R. Mac Gillavry, Fred D. Muskiet, Ashley J. Duits
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Sickle red blood cell (SRBC)-endothelial adhesion plays a central role in sickle cell disease (SCD)-related vaso-occlusion. As unusually large von Willebrand factor (ULVWF) multimers mediate SRBC-endothelial adhesion, we investigated the activity of ADAMTS13, the metalloprotease responsible for cleaving ULVWF multimers, in SCD. ADAMTS13 activity was determined using a quantitative immunoblotting assay. VWF:Ag and VWF:RCo were determined using commercial assays. The high-molecular-weight VWF multimer percentage was determined by employing gel electrophoresis. ADAMTS13 activity was similar among asymptomatic patients (n = 8), patients at presentation with a painful crisis (n = 23), and healthy controls. ADAMTS13/VWF:Ag ratios were lower in patients compared to healthy HbAA controls, with the lowest values at presentation with a painful crisis (P = 0.02). Division of samples in those with VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag ratios < 0.70 and those with ratios ≥ 0.70 revealed significantly more samples with ratios ≥ 0.70 (P = 0.01) collected during painful crises. ULVWF multimers were detected in 6 patient samples and in 1 control sample. ADAMTS13/VWF:Ag ratios were inversely related to the duration of symptoms at presentation with an acute vaso-occlusive event (rs−0.67, P = 0.002). Although SCD is characterized by elevated VWF:Ag levels, no severe ADAMTS13 deficiency was detected in our patients. Am. J. Hematol. 81:492–498, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Scientists discover that old drug is effective in preventing malaria
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

One of a class of antimalarial drugs dating from the second world war and abandoned because they were too toxic or too easily broken down in the body has been shown to be capable of preventing the disease.

A group of researchers from Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, led by clinical pharmacologist Theresa Shapiro, reports in the current issue of the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene that atovaquone was 100% effective in keeping volunteers bitten by mosquitoes carrying Plasmodium falciparum from developing malaria.

Other published research suggests that pairing atovaquone with proguanil, an older antimalarial, “should greatly raise our chances of … avoiding the drug resistance …
Thrombolytic Therapy for Eligible Elderly Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To determine the correlates of thrombolytic therapy use in a population-based sample of elderly patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction who were eligible for the therapy on presentation.Retrospective cohort study using data from medical charts and administrative files.All acute care, nongovernmental hospitals in Connecticut.A cohort of 3093 patients aged 65 years and older with a discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction covered by Medicare from May 1992 to May 1993.Among the 753 patients with ST-segment elevation of 1 mm or more in at least 2 contiguous leads, left bundle branch block not known to be old, and no absolute contraindications to thrombolytic therapy who were not referred for direct angioplasty or bypass surgery, 419 patients (56%) did not receive thrombolytic therapy. The strongest predictors of not receiving thrombolytic therapy included advanced age, absence of chest pain, presentation more than 6 hours after the onset of symptoms, left bundle branch block, total ST-segment elevation of 6 mm or less, presence of Q waves, ST-segment elevation in only 2 leads, and altered mental status. Physicians documented why they did not administer thrombolytic therapy in 19% of the charts. Delay in presentation and increased age were the most common reasons cited. Among the subset of 261 patients who presented with chest pain and within 6 hours of symptoms, 197 (75%) received thrombolytic therapy.Many eligible and ideal patients for thrombolytic therapy are not treated. Physicians are less likely to use thrombolytic therapy in eligible patients with characteristics associated with an increased risk of bleeding, lower-risk infarction, less certain diagnosis, less certain efficacy, or altered mental status. These findings suggest that the lack of treatment represents a clinical judgment rather than an inadvertent omission. In some cases, such as the lower use of thrombolytic therapy with older age, these judgments are not consistent with the published literature and may represent opportunities to improve care.
269 DYNAMICS OF APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C TREATED WITH ALBINTERFERON ALFA-2B OR PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A
Authors: B. Kronenberger, E. Herrmann, C. Chen, M. Fiscella, G. Subramanian, J. McHutchison, Y. Benhamou, M. Sulkowski, D. Nelson, S. Zeuzem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A Just Protest.
Authors: Geo. L. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Fall River, Mass., March 31, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —On advertising page 35 ofThe Journal, Jan. 28, 1905, is an advertisement of W. C. Abbott, M.D., of Chicago, entitled "Doctor, Do Your Pneumonia Cases Die? Mine Do Not. I Have Paid for This Space and I Want You to Read What I Have to Say." I have just received this week a brochure entitled "Pneumonia, a Modernized Successful Treatment," by W. C. Abbott, M.D., Chicago, 1905, starred "From the Journal of the American Medical Association." Anyone not having seen the article inThe Journalwould be led to suppose that this article was one of the regular contributed articles ofThe Journalof the American Medical Association, instead of being strictly advertising matter. With the correctness or not of Dr. Abbott's views I am not at present concerned. I wish, however, as a member of the American Medical Association,