tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dissociated Paralysis of the Diaphragm following Phrenic Crush and Pneumoperitoneum
Authors: W. Fox
Journal: Thorax (1948)

In 1939 Douady and others reported for the first time dissociated paralysis of the diaphragm.It occurred in two patients during the course of phrenic alcoholization and pneumoperitoneum therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis.Since then no further cases have been found in the literature.The object of this paper is to report another case and to discuss the therapeutic and anatomical significance of this occurrence. CASE REPORTThe patient, a soldier, was diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis in September, 1945, when he was aged 29.He had had a four-year history of lassitude and cough and had lost 1 -I stone in weight.
Moyna Gladys Clark
Authors: Nicola Pritchard
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Moyna Gladys Clark was born the second of three children to Thomas Cammish, a builder in Cottingham, East Yorkshire. She graduated in medicine in 1967 from Leeds, where she met her future husband, Keith. 

After training in Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, Moyna started general practice in Dunstable, married Keith, and had two children. As the family moved around the country she worked in other general practices and community health services. She completed diplomas in family planning, developmental paediatrics, audiometry and environmental health. 

Eventually in 1982 the family settled just outside Carlisle and Moyna worked as a school doctor for a number of mainstream schools in deprived areas and several schools for children with special needs and hearing impairment. In 1989, looking for new challenges, she worked …
"THE SPLEEN IN MEASLES"
Authors: M. A. Fort
Journal: JAMA (1926)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, April 17, in the editorial on  Spleen in Measles—An Overlooked Symptom, it is stated that only now has it been made unmistakably clear through the records of Bleyer of the St. Louis Children's Hospital that enlargement of the spleen should be included in the symptomatology of measles.  at the close, And all of this is the simple finding regarding one of the largest organs in the body in the examination of a few hundred sick children, while half a hundred textbooks have denied, disregarded or debated the symptom.  Since 1923 I have been calling attention to this symptom in my reports to the International Health Board, to the state board of health, and in published letters and articles, begging those who had opportunity to follow the matter up. The priority of discovery makes no difference, but the difference in conclusions reached should
A SIMPLE AND RELIABLE METHOD OF MAKING PARTIAL-TENSION PLATES
Authors: M. B. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Although there are many methods for making anaerobic plate cultures that give good results, there are few described for partial-tension plates. Wherry and Oliver 1 have devised a technic which they thus describe:  In making partial-tension plates we have inverted the inoculated plate upon a glass plate on which is fastened (with a small piece of plasticine) a smaller open Petri dish containing a freshly inoculated culture of B. subtilis . The inverted dish should be high enough to avoid any contact with the smaller dish. The edges of the inverted dish are then sealed with plasticine as recommended by Lentz 2 for the growth of anaerobes. Plates made in this way and sealed to pieces of window glass of suitable size may be stacked in the incubator.  In the use of this method as a routine in an investigation of the adaptation of certain organisms to various oxygen tensions, a
EXPERIMENTAL ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE DOG'S HEART BY MEANS OF CORONARY SINUS OCCLUSION
Authors: Louis Gross, Lester Blum, Gertrude Silverman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

Sudden occlusion of the left anterior descending branch approximately 2 cm. below the ostium of the left circumflex coronary artery in the dog's heart produces a mortality rate of approximately 50 per cent. In dogs weighing approximately 15 kilos surviving more than 24 hours (average 1 week), an infarction is produced which almost invariably measures 5 x 5 cm. on surface. Following coronary sinus obturation such secondary sudden occlusion of the left anterior descending branch is followed either by no infarction or by a reduction in the size of the infarct. The success of the procedure, quite apart from the mortality rate, depends upon the completeness of the coronary sinus obturation. On the other hand, sudden and complete coronary sinus obturation by itself is associated with a high operative mortality and apparently does not affect the mortality rate following subsequent sudden left anterior descending branch occlusion. Partial persistent obturation of the coronary sinus, however, is in itself associated with a low operative mortality. Furthermore, its experimental production in dogs appears to lower the mortality rate following subsequent sudden occlusion of the left anterior descending branch and to diminish the extent of the infarction. In the introduction to this report it was pointed out that there are three important desiderata to the problem of improving the coronary circulation in the human heart. The findings herein reported fulfill these requisites to an encouraging degree. It has been shown that following the outlined procedures, a functional increase in the blood supply to the heart can be produced in a significant proportion of experimental animals, this varying with the nature of the experimental procedure. The manipulation is simple, can be performed in the dog within approximately 20 minutes, and does not lead to appreciable pericardial adhesions. Increase in the nutrition of the myocardium is noted 1 week after the experimental procedure. Although no experiments employing sudden left anterior descending coronary branch occlusion were carried out sooner than 1 week, there is available anatomic evidence that within possibly 24 hours after coronary sinus occlusion a dilatation of the vascular bed occurs. In subsequent experiments attempts will be made to determine whether this early vascular dilatation is adequate to compensate for subsequent sudden left anterior descending branch occlusion. A discussion is given of the results following various coronary sinus occlusion procedures in which it is indicated that it is desirable to produce a partial or gradual occlusion in order to lower the mortality rate both of the initial procedure as well as of the subsequent sudden arterial occlusion. Experiments thus far reported on cardiopexy operations are lacking in evidence that they are associated with appreciable improvement in the vascular nutrition of the myocardium.
Renal transplantation in tuberous sclerosis.
Authors: Y. Pirson
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Gall stones induced by octreotide EDITOR, -The beneficial effects of treatment with octreotide are accompanied by an increased risk of gall stones.Grant W Bigg-Wither and colleagues found that in 22 patients (13 of whom had acromegaly) octreotide increased the fasting gall bladder volume; they propose that this may predispose to the formation of gall stones.'We believe, however, that this is unlikely to be the main factor in the pathogenesis of gall stones induced by octreotide.We have measured fasting gall bladder volumes in nine acromegalic patients before and after octreotide and found no significant increase during treatment.2Furthermore, although the fasting gall bladder volume in 31 untreated acromegalic patients was 30% larger than that in normal subjects, we found only a minor increase in the prevalence of gall stones.3Octreotide impairs contraction ofthe gall bladder in response to a fatty meal and increases the residual volume of the gall bladder.This might be expected to promote the formation of stones because of relative stasis of the gall bladder.The residual volume of the gall bladder in untreated acromegalic patients, however, is three times that ofnormal subjects and yet the increase in gall stone prevalence in these individuals is small.Our data suggest that although a reduction in gall bladder emptying may well play a role in the formation of stones, an increased fasting gall bladder volume is not a major factor in their pathogenesis.Native somatostatin increases the cholesterol saturation in bile,4 and we have found similar changes in acromegalic patients with gall stones associated with octreotide.5These observations suggest that changes in bile chemistry may be at least as important as motor dysfunction of the gall bladder in the pathogenesis ofgall stones induced by octreotide.
Reply to G. Ferretti et al
Authors: Heinz Ludwig, Alex Fleishman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Ferretti et al 1 contend that a previous history of thromboembolism might somehow protect against possible increased mortality associated with use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), as indicated in the recent meta-analysis by Bohlius et al. 2 Actually, in the Bohlius et al study, 12.6% of patients with and 12.6% of those without a previous history of thromboembolic complications died while on study in the ESA arm as compared with 17.3% and 11.8%, respectively, in the control arm.As the difference was not statistically significant (P ϭ .06)and a high percentage of data were missing for this variable, we question whether this slight imbalance is really biologically relevant.We are pleased to provide the information requested by Ferretti et al about the proportion of patients in our patient-level meta-analysis with a history of thromboembolic events, comparing darbepoetin alfa-treated patients with placebo-treated patients (Table 1).The data show no difference between darbepoetin alfa-treated patients and placebo-treated patients in the history of thrombotic events, hypertension, or cardiovascular events.Although we are not able to provide details regarding anticoagulation therapy during cancer treatment in all patients, we do assume that the frequency of prophylaxis was well balanced between both groups.Hence, our data do not support the notion that previous thromboembolic complications protect against a possible increased mortality risk during ESA therapy.Regarding Ferretti et al's last query, only patients undergoing chemotherapy without concomitant radiotherapy have been included into our study. 3
Androgen Therapy Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Decreases Leptin Level in Healthy Adult Men With Low Plasma Total Testosterone
Authors: Dominique Simon, Marie-Aline Charles, Najiba Lahlou, Khalil Nahoul, Jean-Michel Oppert, Michèle Gouault-Heilmann, Nicole Lemort, Nadine Thibult, Evelyne Joubert, Beverley Balkau, Eveline Eschwege
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

In men, an association between lower plasma total testosterone (PTT) and insulin resistance has been found in cross-sectional studies (1,2) and in one nested case-control study (3) without any possible conclusion in terms of causality or direction of the relationship. Indeed, to obtain such information, randomized controlled trials are needed. Until now, only one clinical trial has suggested that testosterone therapy improves insulin sensitivity in obese men (4). Cross-sectional studies concerning leptin regulation by androgens have provided no definitive conclusions as to whether the negative association between androgens and leptin level is independent (5) or dependent (6). This randomized controlled trial was designed to assess the role of androgens on insulin sensitivity and leptin regulation in healthy adult men.

This study was a randomized, double-blind, unicentric, controlled, clinical trial. Three treatments (testosterone, dihydrotestosterone [DHT], and placebo) were compared in parallel groups during a 3-month period. All of the examinations were performed by only two physicians, using a standardized protocol. Blood was drawn between 8:00 a.m. and 9:30 a.m. after an overnight fast to determine fasting plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, sex hormones, lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters, hepatic enzymes, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and blood cell count. Then, a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and a digital rectal examination were performed. In addition, between days 10 and 20, all of the subjects were monitored to measure sex hormones in order to adapt the treatment dose. The study protocol was approved by the Henri Mondor Hospital Ethics Committee. All of the included subjects gave written informed consent.

Men with low levels of PTT (confirmed by two measurements) were selected from a large occupation-based population. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1 ) either PTT ≤3.4 ng/ml [5th percentile value of PTT distribution in the 1,718 men of the TELECOM …
Limitations of Administrative Databases
Authors: Elliott R. Haut, Peter J. Pronovost, Eric B. Schneider
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Can the λ model benefit from understanding human adaptation in weightlessness(and vice versa)?
Authors: P. Vernon McDonald
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Parameters of the lambda model seem tightly linked to certain characteristics of human performance influenced by weightlessness. This commentary suggests that there is a valuable opportunity to probe the lambda model using the changed environment experienced during space flight. The likely benefits are a better model and a better understanding ofthe consequences of weightlessness for human performance.
Progestins Initiate a Luminal to Myoepithelial Switch in Estrogen-Dependent Human Breast Tumors without Altering Growth
Authors: Carol A. Sartorius, Djuana M.E. Harvell, Tianjie Shen, Kathryn B. Horwitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Although long-term clinical use of progestins is associated with an increased incidence of breast cancers, their role in established cancers is unclear. Estrogens are considered to be the main mitogens in the majority of breast cancers. Whether progesterone affects proliferation and/or differentiation is under debate. To assess the role of progesterone in established breast cancers, we used T47D human breast cancer cells that are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and either progesterone receptor (PR) negative or positive for PRA, PRB, or both. These cells were grown as strictly estrogen-dependent solid tumors in ovariectomized female nude mice. Progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) alone did not support tumor growth, nor did progesterone or MPA given simultaneously with estrogen significantly alter estrogen-dependent tumor growth. However, treatment of mice bearing ER+PR+ but not ER+PR− tumors with either progesterone or MPA increased expression of the myoepithelial cytokeratins (CK) 5 and 6 in a subpopulation of tumor cells. These CK5+/CK6+ cells had decreased expression of luminal epithelial CK8, CK18, and CK19. We conclude that progestins exert differentiative effects on tumors characterized by transition of a cell subpopulation from luminal to myoepithelial. This may not be beneficial, however, because such a phenotype is associated with poor prognosis.
Cameron rejects Salmond's claim that Scottish independence will protect NHS from privatisation
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Scotland’s first minister, Alex Salmond, has claimed that voting for independence in the country’s upcoming referendum will safeguard its health service from cuts and privatisation. But the UK prime minister, David Cameron, immediately rejected the claim and accused Salmond of scaremongering ahead of the vote on 18 September.

Salmond, the leader of the Scottish National Party, made the comments during a speech in Arbroath on 18 August, where he set out …
95 CAVEOLIN-1 REGULATES MITOCHONRIAL CHOLESTEROL AND HEPATOCELLULAR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TNF/FAS
Authors: M. Mari, M. Bosch, A. Fernandez, A. Kassan, A. Colell, C. Enrich, C. Garcia-Ruiz, A. Pol, J.C. Fernandez-Checa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Lymphocyte E rosette inhibitory factor: a regulatory serum lipoprotein.
Authors: F V Chisari, T S Edgington
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

Rosette inhibitory factor, RIF, previously described in serum from patients with hepatitis B virus infection, has been isolated and identified as a minor species of beta-lipoprotein of the low-density (LDL) class. It is unrelated to hepatitis B virus proteins or particles. Although discrete by reference to charge and density (1.050 +/- 0.004 g/cm3), RIF appears to be a complex macromolecular structure containing apolipoproteins A, B, and C. Greater than 400% recovery is achieved upon 300,000-fold purification from RIF+ sera suggesting activation of a precursor form that is not present in normal serum. RIF inhibits E rosette function of T lymphocytes in vitro with a lag period of approximately 4 h and maximal effect at 24 h consistent with a metabolically-induced event. RIF is functionally active at concentrations of 1 X 10(-12) M or greater, rapidly binds to lymphocytes, and has a functionally effective half-life of approximately 1.5 h. Approximately 2,900 receptors for RIF appear to be present per cell and a high mutual affinity is apparent (k approximately to 9 X 10(10) liters/mol). RIF has no detectable effect on mitogen (PHA) responsiveness of lymphocytes, but inhibits the capacity of lymphocytes to respond to histoincompatible cells in vitro at concentrations greater than 10(-8) M. Equivalent RIF- lipoprotein fractions from normal serum are equally inhibitory in the mixed lymphocyte reaction suggesting that this effect is not directly attributable to RIF activity. These data indicate that RIF is a unique and functionally specific species of LDL that represents either an association complex of lipoproteins or a hybrid molecule of unusual composition. The association of this factor with viral-induced hepatocellular injury underscores the need to elucidate its structure and function in greater detail.
Clinical utility of red blood cell carbonic anhydrase I and zinc concentrations in patients with thyroid diseases
Authors: Katsumi Yoshida, Yoshinori Kiso, Takao Watanabe, Kazuro Kaise, Nobuko Kaise, Hiroshi Fukazawa, Kouki Mori, Keishi Abe, Kaoru Yoshinaga
Journal: Metabolism (1991)
Hematoporphyrin Derivative for Detection and Management of Cancer.
Authors: Richard L. Lipson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Hematoporphyrin Derivative for Detection and Management of Cancer.Richard L. Lipson, M.D., Edward J. Baldes, Ph.D.Richard L. Lipson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Edward J. Baldes, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1094_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptVarious fluorescent compounds tend to accumulate in malignant tissue. Many attempts have been made to use the fluorescence of these compounds for cancer detection. Our interest in this area has been confined to the use of an acetic acid-sulfuric acid derivative of hematoporphyrin for the detection and management of malignancy.Hematoporphyrin derivative is given intravenously 1½ to 3 hours before the area in question is illuminated with the wave-lengths (about 4,070 λ) required to activate the fluorescence. Malignant tissue is indicated by salmon-pink fluorescence whereas non-neoplastic tissue appears grayish-white to black when viewed through a special filter.The technique was... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Burlington, Vermont PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1094-1094 Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
VARC OUTCOMES FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION WITH BOTH EDWARDS SAPIEN&amp;trade; AND MEDTRONIC COREVALVE REVALVING SYSTEM&amp;reg; DEVICES: RESULTS FROM THE MILAN REGISTRY
Authors: Gill Louise Buchanan, Alaide Chieffo, Matteo Montorfano, Francesco Maisano, Azeem Latib, Micaela Cioni, Filippo Figini, Santo Ferrarello, Remo Daniel Covello, Annalisa Franco, Chiara Gerli, Antonio Grimaldi, Giovanni La Canna, Pietro Spagnolo, Mauro Carlino, Ottavio Alfieri, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Response: Letters regarding Blood. 2008;111:5446-5456 by Hanson et al and Mulligan et al
Authors: Peter Hillmen, Bruce D. Cheson, Daniel Catovsky, Federico Caligaris-Cappio, Guillaume Dighiero, Hartmut Doehner, Michael J. Keating, Emili Montserrat, Kanti R. Rai, Thomas J. Kipps, Michael Hallek
Journal: Blood (2009)
Dermatologic Therapy of Yesterday and Today
Authors: Alfred Hollander
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

JUST as technology has revolutionized methods of production in industry, so scientific discoveries in medicine have revolutionized methods of medical treatment. This discussion primarily concerns therapeutic changes in the field of dermatology as they have occurred within the past hundred years.Dermatologic ProgressSince progress is based on research, the discussion should begin with Ferdinand Hebra, properly known as the father of dermatology. He established a pathologicoanatomic system of skin diseases dividing them into twelve classifications: cutaneous hyperemias; cutaneous anemias; secretion anomalies of cutaneous glands; inflammatory dermatoses; cutaneous hemorrhagies; cutaneous hypertrophies; cutaneous atrophies; benign tumors of the skin; malignant tumors . . .