tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seek Well and Ye Shall Find
Authors: Leonard A. Herzenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The observation of small or moderate numbers of monoclonal B cells in the blood of patients with diffuse or even nodular B lymphomas is not particularly surprising; nevertheless, the sophisticated and convincing technics used by Ault in this issue of the Journal represent an innovative means of demonstrating the presence of such cells and may show promise for monitoring lymphoma and, possibly, leukemia.Ault cleverly used fluorescent staining and the flow-fluorescence and light-scatter analysis capabilities of the fluorescence-activated cell sorter1 , 2 to identify monoclonal populations of immunoglobulin-bearing cells present in Ficoll–Hypaqueseparated peripheral-blood lymphocytes. He stained and analyzed the lymphocyte fraction separately . . .
Association of Physician Certification and Outcomes Among Patients Receiving an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Jeptha P. Curtis
Journal: JAMA (2009)

<h3>Context</h3>Allowing nonelectrophysiologists to perform implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) procedures is controversial. However, it is not known whether outcomes of ICD implantation vary by physician specialty.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine the association of implanting physician certification with outcomes following ICD implantation.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>Retrospective cohort study using cases submitted to the ICD Registry performed between January 2006 and June 2007. Patients were grouped by the certification status of the implanting physician into mutually exclusive categories: electrophysiologists, nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, thoracic surgeons, and other specialists. Hierarchical logistic regression models were developed to determine the independent association of physician certification with outcomes.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>In-hospital procedural complication rates and the proportion of patients meeting criteria for a defibrillator with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) who received that device.<h3>Results</h3>Of 111 293 ICD implantations included in the analysis, 78 857 (70.9%) were performed by electrophysiologists, 24 399 (21.9%) by nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, 1862 (1.7%) by thoracic surgeons, and 6175 (5.5%) by other specialists. Compared with patients whose ICD was implanted by electrophysiologists, patients whose ICD was implanted by either nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists or thoracic surgeons were at increased risk of complications in both unadjusted (electrophysiologists, 3.5% [2743/78 857]; nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, 4.0% [970/24 399]; thoracic surgeons, 5.8% [108/1862]; P &lt; .001) and adjusted analyses (relative risk [RR] for nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, 1.11 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.01-1.21]; RR for thoracic surgeons, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.15-1.79]). Among 35 841 patients who met criteria for CRT-D, those whose ICD was implanted by physicians other than electrophysiologists were significantly less likely to receive a CRT-D device compared with patients whose ICD was implanted by an electrophysiologist in both unadjusted (electrophysiologists, 83.1% [21 303/25 635]; nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, 75.8% [5950/7849]; thoracic surgeons, 57.8% [269/465]; other specialists, 74.8% [1416/1892]; P &lt; .001) and adjusted analyses (RR for nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.91-0.95]; RR for thoracic surgeons, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.74-0.88]; RR for other specialists, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.94-0.99]).<h3>Conclusions</h3>In this registry, nonelectrophysiologists implanted 29% of ICDs. Overall, implantations by a nonelectrophysiologist were associated with a higher risk of procedural complications and lower likelihood of receiving a CRT-D device when indicated compared with patients whose ICD was implanted by an electrophysiologist.
We need to move the debate on open clinical trial data forward
Authors: M. Thompson, C. Heneghan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Few arguments can be made for withholding clinical trial data.1 One is an ethical issue over patient confidentiality; another is that disclosure leads to patient harm.

The drug industry understands the potential influence of academics, and rewards can be substantial. For example, according to Roche’s 2011 financial report, John Bell received 390 000 Swiss Francs (£260 450; €322 450; $420 000) last year for his role on the board of directors.2 What do Roche and its shareholders expect for this level of involvement and remuneration? And, how could this role facilitate …
Lack of evidence for reovirus infection in tissues from patients with biliary atresia and congenital dilatation of the bile duct
Authors: Takeshi Saito, Kuniko Shinozaki, Tadashi Matsunaga, Tomoko Ogawa, Takao Etoh, Toshinori Muramatsu, Kenji Kawamura, Hideo Yoshida, Naomi Ohnuma, Hiroshi Shirasawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Exhaled breath condensate contains more than only volatiles
Authors: I. Horváth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

zones for gravitational reasons; the resulting inhomogeneity in blood flow and blood volume would reduce the measured KCO.All published data on changes with age are derived from cross-sectional studies.The only cohort study of w8 yrs of TL,CO and KCO is that of WATSON et al. [20] who followed up, among others, 29 male never-smokers (mean age 37 yrs at start) over a 22-yr period.They found no change in the KCO.We understand that a joint working party of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society is currently reviewing reference values for spirometry, lung volumes and the transfer factor.We hope the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient will not be neglected, since the current recommendations are unsatisfactory.Ideally, values for total lung capacity should be obtained from the same individuals used to obtain reference values for the single breath transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide and the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient, so that the effects of poor inflation and/or true differences in total lung capacity at a given height and age can be allowed for [17].
Pain in chronic pancreatitis: the role of neuropathic pain mechanisms
Authors: A M Drewes, A L Krarup, S Detlefsen, M-L Malmstrom, G Dimcevski, P Funch-Jensen
Journal: Gut (2008)

Pain mechanisms in patients with chronic pancreatitis are incompletely understood and probably multifactorial. Recently, evidence from experimental human pain research has indicated that in many of these patients pain processing in the central nervous system is abnormal and mimics that seen in neuropathic pain disorders. The current review focuses on several lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis. Hence, the spontaneous and postprandial pain in chronic pancreatitis may reflect the characteristic pain features seen in patients with neuropathic pain. Biochemical and histopathological findings in tissues from patients with chronic pancreatitis are similar to those observed in patients with other nerve fibre lesions. Experimental studies have shown that patients with chronic pancreatitis show signs of spinal hyper-excitability counter-balanced by segmental and descending inhibition. Changes in the brain with cortical reorganisation to gut stimulation and increased activity in specific electroencephalographic features characteristic for neuropathic pain are also seen in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Finally, principles involved in the treatment of pancreatic pain have many similarities with those recommended in neuropathic pain disorders. In conclusion, a mechanism-based understanding of pain in chronic pancreatitis may have important implications for the treatment.
Morphological study of articular cartilage in pyrophosphate arthropathy. (Chondrocalcinosis articularis or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition diseases).
Authors: A O Bjelle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Clinical reports of patients with calcifications of articular structures and crystal synovitis have recently appeared with increasing frequency.The crystals have been identified as calcium pyro- phosphate dihydrate (CPPD), and the disease has consequently been called CPPD crystal deposition disease (McCarty, 1966), pyrophosphate arthro- pathy (Russell, Bisaz, Fleisch, Currey, Rubinstein, Dietz, Boussina, Micheli, and Fallet, 1970), or pyro- phosphate synovitis (Bjelle and Sunden, 1971).The earlier designations, articular chondrocalcinosis (2itnuan and Sit'aj, 1963) and pseudogout (McCarty, Kohn, and Faires, 1962), are also still in common use.A number of metabolic diseases have been found among certain of these patients, and CPPD deposi- tion disease has in these cases been considered 'secondary' (cf.McCarty, 1966).Among the 'primary' cases, a number of patients with a hereditary type of the disease are found.
The European Medicines Agency and the Brave New World of Access to Clinical Trial Data
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Risk of AIDS to Health Care Workers
Authors: Michael D. Decker
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Concern for the safety of health care workers arose early in the course of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. On Nov 5, 1982, the Centers for Disease Control published detailed recommendations for the protection of clinical and laboratory workers,<sup>1</sup>based on epidemiologic analysis of the few hundred cases then reported. Indeed, the first report of AIDS in a health care worker not known to belong to a risk group did not appear for another eight months,<sup>2</sup>identification of the causative agent was a year away, and more than two years would pass before a test for antibody to the virus was commercially available. That those original recommendations remain pertinent today is testimony to the power of careful epidemiologic investigation. In this issue ofThe Journal, Lifson and colleagues<sup>3</sup>further explore the risk of AIDS among health care workers through analysis of national surveillance data. The evaluation
High dose interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis C.
Authors: S Iino
Journal: Gut (1993)

One hundred and twenty six patients were enrolled in a study to assess the effect of different interferon alfa-2b treatment regimens on the rate of increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities after treatment. Results indicated that a high daily dosage of interferon (10 million units (MU)) given six times a week for two weeks followed by 12 weeks of thrice weekly dosing was more effective at producing sustained normal ALT values than either eight weeks of 10 MU interferon six times a week or four weeks of 10 MU six times a week followed by eight weeks of thrice weekly dosing. Multiple regression analysis of clinical parameters before treatment showed that the outcome was dependent upon treatment group (p &lt; 0.001) and the initial hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA value (p &lt; 0.05). Anti-HCV titre and liver histology had a considerable but not significant effect on the response to treatment. The most frequently observed side effect was flu like syndrome, which occurred in over 90% of patients. In addition, 21% of patients experienced some degree of hair loss. Treatment was stopped because of side effects in 11 of 126 (9%) patients, evenly distributed between the three groups.
Reply to R. Suzuki
Authors: Kazuhito Yamamoto, Kensei Tobinai, Shiro Akinaga, Ryuzo Ueda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

We appreciate the important and thoughtful comments by Suzuki 1 on our phase I study of a defucosylated humanized anti-CCR4 antibody, KW-0761, for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. 2His main concern is that the recommended dose for further subsequent phase II studies could be too low compared with those of other monoclonal antibodies used for malignant lymphoma treatment.We would agree with his comment that the recommended dose is one tenth to one twentieth of the dose of other antibodies; however, we consider that the dose is appropriate for the reasons described here.First, KW-0761 has a defucosylated Fc region, which markedly enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by 10 to 100 times as a result of increased binding affinity to the Fc␥ receptor on effector cells [3][4][5] ; that is, 1 mg/kg of KW-0761 could be biologically equivalent to 10 to 100 mg/kg of other conventional antibodies, which covers the dose of an antibody described by Suzuki. 1 Indeed, a clinical response was observed in one of three patients even at the lowest dose of 0.01 mg/kg in our phase I study, 2 which is approximately one one-thousandth of the rituximab dose.Second, although the in vitro study using primary ATL cells from patients demonstrated profound autologous ADCC mediated by 10 g/mL of KW-0761, which is achieved after the fourth infusion of KW-0761 at 1.0 mg/kg, potent ADCC activity is observed with 0.1 g/mL of KW-0761, 6 which is obtained by 0.01 mg/kg of KW-0761 administration. 2Third, the plasma half-life after the fourth administration of KW-0761 1.0 mg/kg was almost 18 days, which is nearly equal to the plasma half-life of circulating endogenous human immunoglobulin G, 7 suggesting that antigenic binding sites for KW-0761 were almost saturated.Fourth, ADCC activity is determined not only by a concentration of an antibody but also by number of effector cells such as natural killer cells, 8 so that even if a higher concentration of KW-0761 is attained at a higher dose than 1 mg/kg, we might not see more activity.Lastly, although the maximum-tolerated dose was not reached in this dose-escalation study, we observed a tendency toward an increased number of grade 3 or greater toxicities in higher dose cohorts. 2 There is no gold standard to determine the optimal phase II dose of an unconjugated monoclonal antibody because these agents usually do not show dose-limiting toxicities. 9In most cases so far, the phase II doses and schedules have been determined from preclinical and clinical data including pharmacokinetics, toxicities, and clinical responses.Although we consider that the phase II dose of KW-0761 (1.0 mg/kg) could be appropriate, we will carefully re-evaluate the relevance of our decision regarding one of the controversial issues in clinical oncology in further studies for ATL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including the ongoing phase II studies.
The Consumer and the Learned Intermediary in Health Care
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

A decade ago, people who manufactured products for therapeutic or diagnostic use in medicine targeted their marketing campaigns only at health professionals. The reasoning was that the use of such products required medical sophistication beyond that found among people without specific medical education and training. A learned intermediary — i.e., a health care professional — reviewed the patient's condition, educated the patient, and made the decisions about diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. During the past five years, the marketing of health care products has begun to bypass the health care professional and aim directly at the consumer. It is now practically . . .
Microscopic Computed Tomography–Based Virtual Histology for Visualization and Morphometry of Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Apolipoprotein E Mutant Mice
Authors: Hernan G. Martinez, Suresh I. Prajapati, Carlos A. Estrada, Fabio Jimenez, Marlon P. Quinones, Isabel Wu, Ali Bahadur, Allen Sanderson, Christopher R. Johnson, Minsub Shim, Charles Keller, Seema S. Ahuja
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Letter: Puerperal rubella vaccination and anti-D immunoglobulin.
Authors: W M Edgar, M H Hambling
Journal: BMJ (1974)

recent reports.2It is recommended that potentially lethal infection with Str.pneumoniae or H. influenzae be seriously considered in any asplenic patient with pyrexia which is not readily explaned and, if leucocytosis is found, that treatment with ampicillin be commenced inmmediately after obtaining blood for culture.Asplenuic patients presenting with meningitis or Waterhouse- Friderichsen syndromle should be treated with a regimean including an antibiotic effec- tive against boith Str.pneumoniae and H. influenzae-for example, intravenous am- picillin-until the causal organism has been cldarly identified.
Prospective randomized pilot study of Y90+/−sorafenib as bridge to transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Laura Kulik, Michael Vouche, Sean Koppe, Robert J. Lewandowski, Mary F. Mulcahy, Daniel Ganger, Ali Habib, Jennifer Karp, Patrice Al-Saden, Mario Lacouture, Jonathan Cotliar, Michael Abecassis, Talia Baker, Riad Salem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
THE PROBLEM OF HEREDITY.
Authors: JAMES G. KIERNAN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The individual who comes into the world is, as Luys<sup>1</sup>remarks, not an isolated being separated from his kindred. He is one link in a long chain which is unrolled by time, and of which the first links are lost in the past. He is bound to those who follow him and to the atavic influence which he possesses; he serves for their temporary resting place, and he transmits them to his descendants. If he come from a race well endowed and well formed, he possesses the characteristics of organization which his ancestors have given him. He is ready for the combat of life and to pursue his way by his own virtues and energies. But inversely, if he spring from a stock which is already marked with an hereditary blemish and in which the development of the nervous system is incomplete, he comes into existence with a badly
THE RIGHT OF THE STATE TO PROVIDE HOSPITALS.
Authors: FINLEY SCRUGGS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The paramount object of governments is the protection of their citizens in life, limb, property, and the pursuit of happiness; for this alone the individual pays tribute and renders fealty, and since a diseased person can not have the perfect enjoyment of either, it is manifest that not only does the state possess the inherent right to secure and preserve the health of its inhabitants, but that such is, perhaps, the highest duty it owes them. The power of the commonwealth to promulgate and enforce sanitary regulations for the prevention and spread of disease, and to establish and maintain hospitals and eleemosynary institutions for the treatment and care of its afflicted citizens, both directly and through the medium of its subsidiary governmental agencies, has been uniformly recognized by law-makers and unequivocally sustained by the judiciary. To show that this is considered one of the most important and vital functions of
Eight hours' inhalation of prostacyclin (PGl2) in healthy lambs: Effects on tracheal, bronchial, and alveolar morphology
Authors: O. Habler, M. Kleen, R. Leiderer, R. Pusch, M. Welte, K. Messmer, B. Zwissler, S. Takenaka
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1996)
NEW COMPLEMENT-FIXATION TEST FOR THE HUMAN REOVIRUS-LIKE AGENT OF INFANTILE GASTROENTERITIS
Authors: AlbertZ Kapikian, W.Lee Cline, CharlesA Mebus, RichardG Wyatt, HarveyD James, AnthonyR Kalica, Dale Vankirk, RobertM Chanock, HyunWha Kim
Journal: The Lancet (1975)
Care of women with postnatal mental illness.
Authors: D M Cassell, R M Coleman
Journal: BMJ (1991)

istic vaginal bleeding associated with cervical cancer.'In our experience substantial antepartum haemorrhage rather than a bloody cervical smear is the usual presenting symptom when cervical cancer complicates pregnancy.In the National Maternity Hospital in Dublin between 1984 and 1990, 1479 women presented after 24 weeks' gestation with substantial ante- partum haemorrhage.In four cases a histologically proved carcinoma of the cervix was found.The patients presented at 40 weeks, 34 weeks, 32 weeks, and 26 weeks of gestation, all with substantial haemorrhage.We believe that major antepartum haemorrhage is a common presenting symptom of cervical cancer in the second half of pregnancy.
The development of the counterfactual imagination
Authors: Jennifer Van Reet, Ashley M. Pinkham, Angeline S. Lillard
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract How the rational imagination develops remains an open question. The ability to imagine emerges early in childhood, well before the ability to reason counterfactually, and this suggests that imaginative thought may facilitate later counterfactual ability. In addition, developmental data indicate that inhibitory control may also play a role in the ability to reason counterfactually.
THE CAUSATION OF CREEPING ERUPTION
Authors: G. F. WHITE
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The present paper is a brief discussion of some studies made on the causation of creeping eruption, a skin disease occurring frequently during the rainy portions of the summer in the South Atlantic and Gulf sections of the United States. Lee,<sup>1</sup>in 1875 in England, encountered a skin disease characterized by an advancing linear lesion which he described under the name "creeping eruption." Soon afterward he saw a second case. The cause was sought but not found. From the nature of the lesions he was led to believe that the eruption was due to "an active parasite or animalcule" migrating in the skin. Somewhat later (1893), Crocker<sup>2</sup>reported another case from England. Although he did not find a parasite he expressed the belief that "it was probably due to the travels of some insect larva" and consequently suggested the name "larva migrans" for the disease. <h3>CREEPING DISEASES CAUSED</h3>
842 ACTIVATED SRC FAMILY KINASE LYN AS SIGNALING MOLECULE FOR MITOCHONDRIA IN EARLY LIVER REGENERATION
Authors: E. Gringeri, A. Carraro, E. Tibladi, F.E. D'Amico, M. Mancon, A. Toninello, M. Pagano, A.M. Brunati, U. Cillo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)