tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Note of caution on diagnostic peritoneal lavage
Authors: Nicholas F S Watson, John S Hammond, Adam Brooks, John F Abercrombie, Charles A Maxwell-Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Jansen et al highlight the potential difficulty of diagnosing intraperitoneal bleeding and hollow viscus injuries in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.1 Despite an increasing use of point of care focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), diagnostic peritoneal lavage continues to be taught on advanced trauma …
Coordinated response for ECMO
Authors: M. Noah, G. Peek, C. Harvey, M. Hickey, A. Bastin, G. Faulkner, C. Westrope, R. Firmin
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The number of patients referred for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to the Heartlink ECMO Centre in Leicester for respiratory failure due to H1N1 influenza recently increased.1 In the month to 16 December 2010, 29 patients with confirmed H1N1 flu …
Bacterial Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control
Authors: Richard A. Stein
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adult onset Still's disease: response to Enbrel
Authors: R A Asherson, L Pascoe, H G Kraetsch, B Manger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Concerns unique to women with breast cancer can include impact of cancer on body image, sexual well-being and changes in breast appearance and sensation. These important issues are not captured by the existing generic preference-based measures (PBMs) and no breast cancer-specific PBM currently exists. This Phase 1 protocol describes a mixed-methods study to develop and validate the descriptive health state classification system for a breast cancer-specific PBM, called the BREAST-Q Utility module. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> A heterogeneous sample of women aged 18 years and older diagnosed with breast cancer who are undergoing or have had treatment for breast cancer will be invited to participate in qualitative interviews. Participants will be asked to describe impact of their diagnosis and treatment(s) on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded using a line-by-line approach. At the end of each interview, based on each participant’s cancer treatment history, patients will complete the mastectomy, breast-conserving therapy or reconstruction module of BREAST-Q, with modified 5-point Likert scale to measure importance of the BREAST-Q concepts. Both sources of data will be analysed to identify the most important HRQOL concerns. A conceptual framework and item pool will be developed from the qualitative dataset. Preliminary version of the BREAST-Q Utility module will be created and refined at an in-person meeting of multidisciplinary experts. Content validity of the Utility module will be examined (cognitive debriefing, expert feedback). Psychometric properties of Utility module will be evaluated in a large sample of women with breast cancer. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> The study has been approved by Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board, Canada. Results of this study will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.
Cell Death Induced by the Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Thymidine Kinase Delivered by Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Based Virus-like Particles
Authors: Silvia Peretti, Ilaria Schiavoni, Katherina Pugliese, Maurizio Federico
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

HIV-1 Nef incorporates into virions at low levels, likely about 10 molecules per viral particle. Here, we describe a Nef mutant (Nef7) apparently showing more than 100-fold higher efficiency of virion incorporation. Interestingly, Nef7 can act as a cargo molecule for protein delivery into the cells, as its virion incorporation appeared conserved even upon C-terminal fusion with proteins of up to 30 kDa. This was demonstrated first by assessing the intracellular fluorescence of cells challenged with lentivirus-based virus-like particles (VLPs) pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein (VSV-G) and incorporating Nef7 fused with the green fluorescent protein. Furthermore, the biologic activity of products delivered by Nef7-based VLPs was demonstrated by tagging Nef7 with the herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase (HSV-1 TK). In fact, we observed that both cell lines and primary human macrophages challenged with (VSV-G) Nef7/TK VLPs died after 5 to 7 days of treatment with ganciclovir (GCV). In sum, our findings support the notion that Nef7-based VLPs can be considered platforms for original systems of protein delivery. In particular, the here- described Nef7/TK VLPs represent a first applicative example opening the way toward new HSV-1 TK/GCV-based cell suicide therapies circumventing cell gene engineering procedures.
Combination of a novel oncolytic immunotherapeutic agent, CAVATAK (coxsackievirus A21) and immune-checkpoint blockade significantly reduces tumor growth and improves survival in an immune competent mouse melanoma model
Authors: Darren Shafren, Min Quah, Yvonne Wong, Robert HI Andtbacka, Howard L Kaufman, Gough G Au
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Coxsackievirus A21 (CAVATAK™) is a bio-selected oncolytic immunotherapy virus. Following intratumoral (i.t) injection, CAVATAK selectively infects ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis and a systemic immune-mediated anti-tumor response. A Phase II trial of
Spontaneous fracture of the sternum and sternal tuberculosis.
Authors: R A Watts, E W Paice, A G White
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Skeletal tuberculous osteomyelitis is an uncommon condi- tion in the United Kingdom.Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the sternum is rare and has been infrequently reported since the introduction of antibiotics.The last major review was in
Fire retardants, biocides, plasticisers, and sudden infant deaths
Authors: P J Fleming, M Cooke, S M Chantler, J Golding
Journal: BMJ (1994)

port lead to low patient attendance at urban primary care emergency centres (p 1627).18Such centres are never likely to become realistic alternatives to home visits in rural areas either.The government has offered to reinstate a fixed allowance for night visits (scrapped by the 1990 contract) to be funded by the abolition of the two tier visit fee and replacing it with a single reduced fee of one fifth the current higher rate.Given a fivefold difference in rates of night visiting across Britain"' and the diversity with which visits are currently accomplished-by principals, general practitioners from small or large rotas, or deputising services-the GMSC is right to reject proposals that were insensitive to performance and which would have unfairly benefited practices with low visiting requirements.19The government's encouragement of out of hours general prac- titioner cooperatives amounts to no more than a diversion of funds already due to general practitioners.The 1 Electoral Reform Ballot Services.Your choices for the future, a survey of GP opinion.UK report.
India's two finger test after rape violates women and should be eliminated from medical practice
Authors: N. Khambati
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A doctor inserting two fingers into the vagina to assess a woman's sexual behaviour—and therefore whether she invited assault—is unscientific, unethical, and unhelpful, writes <b>Nisreen Khambati</b>. New national guidelines outlawing the test should be implemented quickly throughout India's health facilities
Incorrect Institutional Affiliation of Author in Reply Letter by Golding et al (Arthritis Rheumatol, May 2014)
Authors: Amit Golding, Ethan M. Shavach, Sarfaraz Hasni, Gabor Illei
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

In the Reply letter by Golding et al published in the May 2014 issue of Arthritis & Rheumatology (pages 1403–1404), the institutional affiliation of the first author was listed incorrectly. The affiliation of Dr. Amit Golding should have read “Baltimore VA/VAMCHS, Baltimore, MD.” We regret the error.
Phosphoinositide metabolism and insulin secretion from isolated rat pancreatic islets.
Authors: R S Clements, W B Rhoten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Since many cell types have been shown to respond to extracellular stimulation with a rapid increase in phosphatidylinositol turnover, the present studies were undertaken to determine whether carbohydrate-stimulated insulin secretion from the isolated rat pancreatic islet is accompanied by detectable alterations in the phosphatidylinositol metabolism of this tissue. We have demonstrated that rat pancreatic islets incubated with tritiated myo-inositol rapidly incorporate radioactivity into islet phosphatidylinositol. Incubation of prelabeled islets with elevated concentrations of carbohydrates which stimulate insulin secretion (D-glucose and D-mannose) results in a decrease in the recovery of lipid-bound radioactivity, whereas incubation with carbohydrates which do not stimulate insulin secretion (D-galactose and myo-inositol) has no effect upon the recovery of lipid-bound radioactivity. Within 2 min of exposure of prelabeled islets to elevated concentrations of D-glucose, a decrease in the recovery of [2-3H]myo-inositol-derived radioactivity in islet phosphatidylinositol can be demonstrated. When islets prelabeled with [2-3H]myo-inositol are perifused with elevated concentrations of D-glucose or D-mannose (but not D-galactose or myoinositol) a rapid and transient increase in the rate of extracellular release of water-soluble radioactivity is observed. Since a significant fraction of the radioactivity released under these conditions is in the form of myo-inositol phosphate, cyclic myo-inositol-1,2-phosphate, and glycerophosphorylmyo-inositol, it is presumably derived from the cleavage of labeled islet phosphatidylinositol. It is speculated that alterations in the metabolism of myo-inositol-containing phospholipids may have a functional role in the process of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cell.
Kenneth Hubert Slatter
Authors: M. Slatter
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Kenneth Hubert Slatter was the first consultant neurologist to be appointed in Liverpool at Walton Hospital in 1960. He was born in Droylsden near Manchester, but his father, a bank manager, died when Kenneth was only 3 years old, and the family moved to Southport to be near his grandparents. Educated at King George V Secondary School he went on to the University of Liverpool, having decided from an early age that he wanted to be a doctor. He qualified during the second world war, and, after six months as house physician to Noble Chamberlain and Wallace Jones, he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps, serving in France, Belgium, Holland, and Germany. He worked in Broadgreen Hospital as senior house officer to Baker Bates and moved to Walton Hospital in 1949. He considered a career in paediatrics but was advised that ideally a paediatrician should be married. Kenneth thought this too high a price to pay. As a registrar, …
Role of the Radiologist-Reply
Authors: Marc J. Homer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The question raised by Dr Bosley is far too complex to be answered in this brief response. I will make one observation, however. The fact that I think that I can diagnose many cases of otitis media does not prove my competence as a pediatrician. A physician's ability to measure heart size does not mean that he is adequately evaluating the chest film. I recall the case of the cardiologist who ordered a chest film for his patient with chest pain. He was able to measure the heart size but he did not notice the metastatic lesion in the rib. The familiarity that a specialist may have with his area of expertise is not sufficient to guarantee adequate interpretation of all the other organs imaged on the radiograph.
Degranulation of leukocytes in chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Robert L. Baehner, Morris J. Karnovsky, Manfred L. Karnovsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Quantitative chemical analyses of the subcellular distribution patterns for acid and alkaline phosphatase, beta glucuronidase and peroxidase were obtained for human peripheral blood leukocytes of four patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Five young adults with acute infections served as controls. The observations were made on fractions obtained by homogenization and centrifugation of leukocytes previously incubated with or without particles for ingestion. Distributions in resting CGD and normal cells were very similar for acid and alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase, but the proportion of beta glucuronidase in the granule fraction of CGD cells was depressed, with an increased proportion in the soluble fraction. Release of granule-bound enzymes during phagocytosis of a variety of particles was the same for CGD and control cells, except that release of beta glucuronidase was less marked in CGD cells. Total enzymatic activity of CGD cells for the hydrolases studied was normal. The data indicated that granular enzymes are released in a normal fashion in phagocytizing CGD cells. Supportive evidence of release of enzymes into the phagocytic vacuole of CGD cells was obtained by an electron microscopic study of myeloperoxidase.
Contribution of No-reflow phenomenon to hepatic injury after ischemia-reperfusion: Evidence for a role for superoxide anion
Authors: Anthony Koo, Hirokazu Komatsu, Gongming Tao, Masayashu Inoue, Paul H. Guth, Neil Kaplowitz
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Controversy exists as to the role of oxygen-derived free radicals in tissue injury and the no-reflow phenomenon in reperfusion injury after ischemia. In this study using an experimental rat model, left hepatic lobar ischemia followed by reperfusion resulted in an increase of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase at 30 min with concomitant histological evidence of hepatocellular necrosis at 24 hr. In the in vivo liver microcirculation, reperfusion after ischemia resulted in an initial transient return of blood flow, but stasis of blood flow later developed in the liver sinusoids. Thus a no-reflow phenomenon in the microcirculation was demonstrated. Intravenous administration of a longacting form of superoxide dismutase (half-life 6 hr, dose 4 or 8 mg/kg) significantly decreased the hepatocellular necrosis and reduced the microcirculatory stasis in the liver sinusoids. These studies established the important contribution of the no-reflow phenomenon in ischemia-reperfusion injury to the liver and the participation of superoxide anions in mediating the no-reflow phenomenon.
PRIMARY SYPHILIS OF THE ANORECTAL REGION
Authors: EDWARD G. MARTIN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In presenting this report on primary syphilis of the anorectal region, we are constrained to mention the fact that proctology seems to be the one outstanding field wherein the charlatan still prospers. This situation is directly due to the distressing lack of systematic and comprehensive examinations of the anus, rectum and colon. When one considers that the majority of rectal carcinomas are discovered in the advanced, inoperable stage, having usually been treated for months as "intestinal indigestion" or "piles," and with the knowledge that 85 per cent, of the people suffer from some form of anorectal disease, it is difficult to understand why an examination of the rectum and anus is so commonly omitted. In the course of our work in the rectal clinic of the Detroit city physician's office and Receiving Hospital, we are impressed with the large number of cases of primary syphilis involving the anorectal region. This
Abstract 2073: The parp inhibitor olaparib (AZD2281) greatly enances the effect of temozolomide in soft tissue sarcoma cell lines.
Authors: Elgilda Musi, Grazia Ambrosini, Gary K. Schwartz
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Sarcomas are heterogeneous mesenchymal neoplasms which have very limited treatment options. Chemotherapies for advanced sarcoma include DNA damaging agents such as doxorubicin, dacarbazine and gemcitabine with very low response rates. We elected to study the effects of olaparib (AZD2281), a novel, potent orally active PARP inhibitor in combination with standard chemotherapy Temozolomide (TMZ) in various sarcoma subtypes. We examined the effects of olaparib and TMZ in a panel of 7 sarcoma cell lines including leiomyosarcoma (SK-LMS, SK-UT1, SK-UT1b), liposarcoma (LS141, DDLS) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST, ST8814). In vitro results have shown inhibition of cell viability with combination treatment in all cell lines at concentrations of 300uM TMZ and 1 uM olaparib. After 48 hrs of drug treatment, we also examined biochemical effects showing PAR inhibition, p53 induction and γH2AX increase, indicative of DNA damage. Flow cytometric analysis of each cell line indicated G2/M cell cycle arrest with combination treatment. These observations correlated with enhanced apoptosis as measured by biochemical PARP cleavage and DNA content (sub-G1 population). Taking these observations and results, there is strong evidence to support combining standard chemotherapy TMZ with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in various sarcoma subtypes. Citation Format: Elgilda Musi, Grazia Ambrosini, Gary K. Schwartz. The parp inhibitor olaparib (AZD2281) greatly enances the effect of temozolomide in soft tissue sarcoma cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2073. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2073
Morality: A New Justification of the Moral Rules
Authors: Dan W. Brock
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This book is a substantial revision (thus the new title) of the author's earlier book<i>The Moral Rules</i>, first published in 1970. In the new version, Gert develops a complete moral theory whose core is an analysis of morality as impartial rationality and from which he derives a substantive moral system. There is space to give only the barest outline of his moral theory and system. He conceives of morality as a public system applying to all rational persons and whose goal is the minimization of evil. Gert rejects common accounts of rationality as merely instrumental and instead defines it in terms of a substantive definition of goods and evils. Evils are what all rational persons desire to avoid for themselves and others they care about and are specifically death, pain, disability, and loss of freedom or pleasure. Goods are what no rational person will avoid without a reason and
HTLV-1 bZIP factor impairs cell-mediated immunity by suppressing production of Th1 cytokines
Authors: Kenji Sugata, Yorifumi Satou, Jun-ichirou Yasunaga, Hideki Hara, Kouichi Ohshima, Atae Utsunomiya, Masao Mitsuyama, Masao Matsuoka
Journal: Blood (2011)
The Birth-Order Variable in Obesity
Authors: Carl C. Seltzer
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The "possible importance of the birth-order variable" raised by Dr. Gordon in relation to obesity is, of course, not a new idea. It has been the subject of investigation for many years. In fact, almost 25 years ago, Bruch,<sup>1, 2</sup>reported on the position of the obese child in the family as an etiological factor in obesity. Whereas 70% of her obese sample occupied the position of the youngest or only child, other investigators<sup>3-7</sup>found this to be true of 50% to 67% of the subjects in their obese groups. They found relatively fewer controls (though not always a statistically significant number) occupying this position. Quaade<sup>8</sup>found no significantly greater frequency of obesity in only children and eldest children. Although in ourJournalcommunication on obese adolescents no data on birth order were given, about one third of our series was studied for this
Abstract 2025: Blockade of the Shh pathway by KAAD-Cyclopamine promoted apoptosis in estrogen treated breast cancer cells
Authors: Han na Kang, Hyun Sook An, Myoung Hee Kang, Jung Lim Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Jea Hong Seo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway functions as an organizer in embryonic development. Recent studies have shown constitutive activation of the hedgehog pathway is important in the development of various carcinomas including breast cancer. However, it remains unclear whether this pathway is activated in human breast cancer. Herein, we investigated the role of Shh signaling pathway in tumorigenesis of estrogen treated breast cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. We showed that breast cancer cell lines express all the components of Shh signaling, albeit to different extents. Moreover, in breast cancer cells, estrogen supplementation triggered Shh up-regulation. This estrogen treated Shh expression activated the Hh pathway in a ligand-dependent manner, and increased cell proliferation. Cell proliferation was done MTT assay with various concentrations of KAAD-Cyclopamine for 24, 48, or 72 h. As a result, KAAD-Cyclopamine had anti-proliferative effect on estrogen treated breast cancer cells. Also, to determine whether the cytotoxicity induced by KAAD-Cyclopamine was due to apoptosis in estrogen-induced breast cancer cells, we measured cell cycle and the fraction of early apoptosis [Annexin V(+)/PI(-)]. Cell cycle analysis by FACS indicated that Cyclopamine treated cell lines showed an increase in the proportion of cells in sub-G1 phase, compared to untreated cells. Exposure of gastric cancer cells to Cyclopamine also resulted in the increase in the percentage of annexin V- positive and PI-negative cells. These observations demonstrate that KAAD-Cyclopamine can inhibit estrogen-induced breast cancer cell cycle progression and promote cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis was used to investigate the effect of KAAD-Cyclopamine (a Shh signaling inhibitor) on estroen treated breast cancer cells. As a result, expression of cleaved PARP, caspase-3, and -9, Bax was increased. In addition, phosphorylation of Akt and of glycogensynthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) was also reduced by treatment with KAAD-Cyclopamine. These results, taken together, suggest that Blockade of the Shh pathway by KAAD-Cyclopamine promoted apoptosis in estrogen treated breast cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2025. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2025
What Specific IgE Levels to Milk Protein Fractions May Contribute to Cow's Milk (CM) Allergy Diagnosis?
Authors: A.P.M. Castro, A.K.F. Gushken, A.C. Pastorino, E. Ciccone, A.C. Brandao, C.M.A. Jacob
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)