tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
College Mental Health and Social Change
Authors: DANA L. FARNSWORTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The mental health of college students has been a concern to some colleges for more than half a century, but for most an awareness of college students' problems has been recent. Today the questions raised are numerous. Are suicide rates showing a dramatic increase? Are college students adopting use of drugs—especially the amphetamines and hallucinogens—as a way of life? What motivates the destructive student radicals? Are they mentally ill, or is their apparent fanatic devotion to their cause a purely sociologic phenomenon? What are the main types and causes of morbidity among college students? Coincident with the growing tendency to criticize or attack all existing activities within the college setting, college psychiatric services are being cited as failing to keep the confidence of students and acting as agents of the administration. Some critics urge that psychiatrists should have no communication with members of the faculty and administration, thus favoring a return to the official absence of concern that existed before college psychiatric services were established.
Holistic Review — Shaping the Medical Profession One Applicant at a Time
Authors: Robert A. Witzburg, Henry M. Sondheimer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Interview with Dr. Richard Schwartzstein on the goals and strategies behind the holistic admissions movement at U.S. medical schools. (13:11)Download Key aspects of behavior, character, and performance that are essential for physicians can't be predicted from MCAT scores and grades (metrics that are also influenced by many diverse factors). Some medical schools have therefore embraced holistic review of applicants.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder following Accidental Injury: Rule or Exception in Switzerland?
Authors: Ulrich Schnyder, Lutz Wittmann, Josefina Friedrich-Perez, Urs Hepp, Hanspeter Moergeli
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; There is still marked variability in the findings concerning psychiatric disorders associated with traumatic injury. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following accidental injuries, and to predict the PTSD symptom level at 6 months, taking into particular consideration the role of pre-existing psychiatric morbidity and insufficient command of the local language. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; A total of 255 accident survivors who were hospitalized for at least 2 consecutive nights at a Swiss university hospital for treatment of recently acquired physical injuries were interviewed within 2 weeks of the trauma and 6 months after the accident. Patients who did not have a good command of German but were fluent in Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Serbo-Croatian or Albanian were assessed using interpreters. The main outcome measure was the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Ten patients (3.9%) were diagnosed as having ASD. At 6 months, 8 patients (3.1%) had PTSD. A regression model using 12 potential predictor variables explained 40% of the variance of PTSD symptoms; mild traumatic brain injury (p &lt; 0.001), pain (p &lt; 0.05), ASD symptom level (p &lt; 0.001) and emotional coping (p = 0.001) predicted higher PTSD symptom levels, while high Sense of Coherence (p &lt; 0.05) and perceived responsibility for the accident (p &lt; 0.01) were associated with lower PTSD symptom levels at follow-up. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; ASD and PTSD seem to occur less frequently following accidental injuries than previously reported in the literature. Pre-existing psychiatric morbidity and lack of proficiency in the locally spoken language do not appear to play an important role in the development of PTSD.
Herpesvirus telomeric repeats facilitate genomic integration into host telomeres and mobilization of viral DNA during reactivation
Authors: Benedikt B. Kaufer, Keith W. Jarosinski, Nikolaus Osterrieder
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

Some herpesviruses, particularly lymphotropic viruses such as Marek’s disease virus (MDV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), integrate their DNA into host chromosomes. MDV and HHV-6, among other herpesviruses, harbor telomeric repeats (TMRs) identical to host telomeres at either end of their linear genomes. Using MDV as a natural virus-host model, we show that herpesvirus TMRs facilitate viral genome integration into host telomeres and that integration is important for establishment of latency and lymphoma formation. Integration into host telomeres also aids in reactivation from the quiescent state of infection. Our results and the presence of TMRs in many herpesviruses suggest that integration mediated by viral TMRs is a conserved mechanism, which ensures faithful virus genome maintenance in host cells during cell division and allows efficient mobilization of dormant viral genomes. This finding is of particular importance as reactivation is critical for virus spread between susceptible individuals and is necessary for continued herpesvirus evolution and survival.
IRSp53/Eps8 Complex Is Important for Positive Regulation of Rac and Cancer Cell Motility/Invasiveness
Authors: Yosuke Funato, Takeshi Terabayashi, Naoko Suenaga, Motoharu Seiki, Tadaomi Takenawa, Hiroaki Miki
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract IRSp53 has been characterized as an adaptor protein that links Rho-family small GTPases, such as Rac, to reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we search for other binding partners for the IRSp53 SH3 domain and identify Eps8 as the major binding protein in fibroblasts and various cancer cell lines. Eps8 has been shown to form a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex with Abi-1 and Sos-1, which seems essential for ruffling formation induced by oncogenic Ras. We confirm the IRSp53/Eps8 complex formation in vivo and the direct association between Eps8 NH2-terminal proline-rich sequence and IRSp53 SH3 domain. This complex synergistically activates Rac by reinforcing the formation of the Eps8/Abi-1/Sos-1 Rac-guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex, which mediates positive regulation of Rac activity. In addition, IRSp53/Eps8 complex formation as determined by fluorescent resonance energy transfer analysis, occurs at the leading edge of motile cells, and the motility and invasiveness of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells are suppressed by inhibiting complex formation. These findings implicate the importance of the IRSp53/Eps8 complex in Rac activation and metastatic behavior of the malignant tumor cells.
Autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination combined with Sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kazuhiro Kakimi, Hirokazu Matsushita, Yutaka Enomoto, Tohru Nakagawa, Haruki Kume, Yukio Homma
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The antibodies that block immunological checkpoints have been successfully applied for the treatment of cancer. Similar effects are expected by molecular targeted therapy, which primarily aims to inhibit molecular pathways for tumor cell growth and survival. Such small molecular
P2-066: Analysis of EGFR gene copy number, EGFR mutations, KRAS mutations and EGFR expression in a cohort of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with epidermal growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors at a North American institution.
Authors: Alan K. Box, Shannon Otsuka, Don Morris, Anthony M. Magliocco, Gwyn Bebb
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Film: Minority Report
Authors: F. Lenihan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Directed by Steven Spielberg On general release Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> For those of us in the business of predicting other people's behaviour, Minority Report is a timely reminder of human fallibility. The intriguing premise of this film is that within a few decades a combination of high tech brain imaging and old fashioned Delphic mysticism will allow fragmentary glimpses of future murders to be harvested from the uneasy dreams of a trio of drugged psychics. This future society chooses to use the power of this precognitive technology to pursue the laudable goal of preventing murder. … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Aerobic Exercise and Blood Pressure-Reply
Authors: John J. Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In Reply.—  Blood pressure measurements were made with the observer having knowledge of group assignment. We agree with Dr Lewin that blinding the observer to group assignment and measurements with a random zero-type sphygmomanometer would have been desirable. However, we took special steps to standardize all blood pressure measurements according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. 1 Baseline and post-test blood pressure measurements were taken in the same arm, by the same observer, at the same time of day, after ten minutes of undisturbed relaxation. Blood pressure measurements were also taken with measurements of the control group interspersed with those of the experimental group. Bias in determinations of blood pressure seems unlikely given the correlation between blood pressure and plasma catecholamine levels (the observer of blood pressures was blinded to baseline and post-test data), with those having the greatest decline in plasma catecholamine levels also having the greatest
ORAL HYDRATION IN ROTAVIRUS DIARRHŒA: A DOUBLE BLIND COMPARISON OF SUCROSE WITH GLUCOSE ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION
Authors: DavidA. Sack, Abu Eusof, MichaelH. Merson, RobertE. Black, AzadM.A.K. Chowdhury, MD. Akbar Ali, Sirajul Islam, KennethH. Brown
Journal: The Lancet (1978)
Unilateral Duplicated System: Comparative Length and Function of the Kidneys
Authors: Miriam Davidovits, Bella Eisenstein, Niza Ziv, Irit Krause, Roxanna Cleper, Zvi Bar-Sever
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate kidney length and function in patients with unilateral duplex kidney. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with a unilateral duplicated system were reviewed retrospectively. The length of the kidneys was measured by ultrasound, and the relative function of the kidneys was estimated by renal scan. Results: In all patients, the duplex kidney was the left one. The length of the right kidney on the renal ultrasound growth chart was from –1.5 to +0.4 standard deviations from the mean for age, and the left kidney length was from –0.5 to +4.3 standard deviations from the mean. On renal scans the kidneys with a duplicated system contributed 51 to 67% to total renal function; the contralateral ones, 33 to 49%. Conclusions: Kidneys with a duplicated system may be larger than their counterparts and they may contribute more to total renal function. When a disparity in length between the 2 kidneys is encountered, 1 of the possibilities that should be taken into account is a unilateral duplicated system.
BCG Therapy and Urticaria
Authors: BRUCE D. CHESON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 November 1975BCG Therapy and UrticariaBRUCE D. CHESON, M.D.BRUCE D. CHESON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-5-738_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We are presently treating a patient who developed recurrent urticarial eruptions that were temporally related to the administration of BCG. This systemic reaction is not described in the recent article by Aungst, Sokal, and Jager (1) nor in other extensive reviews of the complications of BCG therapy (2-4).The patient is a 49-year-old man who was referred to the New England Medical Center Hospital in November 1974 with pancytopenia and shortness of breath. He had petechiae, ecchymoses, and splenomegaly. The leukocyte count was 5000 with 67% myeloblasts, and the bone marrow was diagnostic of acute myelomonocytic leukemia....References1. AUNGSTSOKALJAGER CJB: Complications of BCG vaccination in neoplastic diseases. Ann Intern Med 82:666-669, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. SPARKSSILVERSTEINHUNT FMJ: Complications of BCG vaccination in patients with cancer. N Engl J Med 289:827-830, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BASTZBARBORSOS RBT: BCG and cancer. N Engl J Med 290:1413-1420, 1458, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. NATHANSON L: Use of BCG in the treatment of human neoplasms: a review. Semin Oncol 1:337, 1974 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: BRUCE D. CHESON, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Hematology New England Medical Center Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02111 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLes réactions d’hypersensibilité allergiques et non allergiques aux vaccinsCutaneous Adverse Reactions Following Anti-Infective VaccinationsLes réactions allergiques et pseudo-allergiques aux vaccinsLes réactions allergiques vaccinalesLes réactions allergiques aux vaccinations 1 November 1975Volume 83, Issue 5Page: 738-739KeywordsBacille calmette guerinBone marrowDyspneaMyelomonocytic leukemiaSplenomegalyUrticaria ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Remote ischaemic preconditioning: underlying mechanisms and clinical application
Authors: D. J. Hausenloy, D. M. Yellon
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) represents a strategy for harnessing the body's endogenous protective capabilities against the injury incurred by ischaemia and reperfusion. It describes the intriguing phenomenon in which transient non-lethal ischaemia and reperfusion of one organ or tissue confers resistance to a subsequent episode of lethal ischaemia reperfusion injury in a remote organ or tissue. In its original conception, it described intramyocardial protection, which could be relayed from the myocardium served by one coronary artery to another. It soon became apparent that myocardial infarct size could be dramatically reduced by applying brief ischaemia and reperfusion to an organ or tissue remote from the heart before the onset of myocardial infarction. The concept of remote organ protection has now been extended beyond that of solely protecting the heart to providing a general form of inter-organ protection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. This article reviews the history and evolution of the phenomenon that is RIPC, the potential mechanistic pathways underlying its cardioprotective effect, and its emerging application in the clinical setting.
Calcineurin–Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Pathway–Dependent Cardiac Remodeling in Mice Deficient in Guanylyl Cyclase A, a Receptor for Atrial and Brain Natriuretic Peptides
Authors: Takeshi Tokudome, Takeshi Horio, Ichiro Kishimoto, Takeshi Soeki, Kenji Mori, Yuhei Kawano, Masakazu Kohno, David L. Garbers, Kazuwa Nakao, Kenji Kangawa
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Although disruption of guanylyl cyclase (GC) A, a natriuretic peptide receptor, induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, the molecular mechanism underlying these effects are not well understood. In this study, we examined the role of calcineurin, a calcium-dependent phosphatase, in cardiac remodeling in GCA-knockout (GCA-KO) mice.At 14 weeks of age, calcineurin activity, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells c3 (NFATc3), and modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein 1 (MCIP1) gene expressions were increased in the hearts of GCA-KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Blockade of calcineurin activation by FK506 (6 mg/kg body weight administered subcutaneously once a day from 10 to 14 weeks of age) significantly decreased the heart-to-body weight ratio, cardiomyocyte size, and collagen volume fraction in GCA-KO mice, whereas FK506 did not affect these parameters in WT mice. Overexpression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides, collagen, and fibronectin mRNAs in GCA-KO mice was also attenuated by FK506. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that GATA4 DNA-binding activity was increased in GCA-KO mice, and this increase was inhibited by calcineurin blockade. In neonatal cultured cardiac myocytes, inhibition of GCA by HS142-1 (100 microg/mL) increased basal and phenylephrine (10(-6) mol/L)-stimulated calcineurin activity, nuclear translocation of NFATc3, and MCIP1 mRNA expression. In contrast, activation of GCA by atrial natriuretic peptide (10(-6) mol/L) inhibited phenylephrine (10(-6) mol/L)-stimulated nuclear translocation of NFATc3.These results suggest that activation of cardiac GCA by locally secreted natriuretic peptides protects the heart from excessive cardiac remodeling by inhibiting the calcineurin-NFAT pathway.
Grover Disease (Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hongyun June Zhu, Lindsey N. Clark, Linda A. Deloney, James E. McDonald
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 48-year-old man with a newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia developed purpuric rash on day 6 after chemotherapy. Skin biopsy on day 8 demonstrated Grover disease. Triamcinolone treatment started on day 10 with subjective improvement on day 15. Initial FDG PET/CT on day 12 demonstrated rarely seen diffuse skin uptake that was interpreted as technical artifact and repeated on day 16. Accurately reviewing both PET and CT imaging would prevent confusion between diffuse cutaneous hypermetabolic activity and a technical artifact. Grover disease usually affects the trunk and may be related to the elimination of chemotherapy agents by sweating.
Egg and cows' milk hypersensitivity in exclusively breast fed infants with eczema, and detection of egg protein in breast milk.
Authors: A Cant, R A Marsden, P J Kilshaw
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Forty nine eczematous infants who were still solely and exclusively breast fed and who had never received anything but breast milk were studied for evidence of sensitisation to foods. Thirty four similar infants without eczema formed a control group. The eczematous infants were divided into three groups according to clinical criteria: (1) definite atopic eczema; (2) possible atopic eczema; (3) atopic eczema unlikely. Twenty three infants showed cutaneous hypersensitivity to foods, usually egg and cows9 milk. Seven of 14 infants in group 1 and nine of 20 in group 2 were sensitised compared with four of 15 in group 3 and three of 34 controls (p less than 0.01). Ovalbumin was detected in breast milk from 14 of 19 mothers tested after ingestion of egg, the concentrations being the same for mothers feeding eczematous and normal infants. Breast fed babies developing eczema may be sensitised by foods eaten by their mothers.
Sympathetic-Nerve Damage in Brachial-Plexus Palsy
Authors: Israel Alfonso, Ilker Yaylali
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A mother brought her three-month-old infant to the clinic because of a persistent difference in temperature between the right and left hand. The child had had a total brachial-plexus palsy since delivery. On examination, the child had weakness of the left arm, which was more distal than proximal. His left hand and distal forearm appeared colder than the right by touch (Panel A). The difference in hand temperature was calculated to be 5°C with the use of an infrared camera, with terminal sensitivity of 0.08°C at 30°C (indicated by the difference in color in Panel B). The decreased temperature arises . . .
Fulminant Varicella Hepatitis Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Kazuhiro Morishita
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  As the cases of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are accumulating, viral infection such as cytomegalovirus emerges as one of the major problems. 1 However, other viral agents should not be ignored since infection is sometimes fatal if visceral dissemination occurs. In varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection, death caused by encephalitis or interstitial pneumonitis has been reported. 2 Recently, we have experienced a rare case of VZV infection terminating in fulminant hepatitis associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.  Report of a Case.—  A 40-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed as having acute myeloblastic leukemia (M2 in the French-American-British cooperative group classification). Complete remission was obtained by two courses of chemotherapy with daunorubicin, cytarabine, mercaptopurine, and prednisolone, but six months after diagnosis, he relapsed with CNS involvement. A second complete remission was obtained following two courses of chemotherapy with benzoyl-cytarabine, aclarubicin, mercaptopurine, and prednisolone and intrathecal methotrexate infusion, and BMT from
A Second Isolate of HTLV-II Associated with Atypical Hairy-Cell Leukemia
Authors: Joseph D. Rosenblatt, David W. Golde, William Wachsman, Janis V. Giorgi, Andrew Jacobs, Gerhard M. Schmidt, Shirley Quan, Judith C. Gasson, Irvin S.Y. Chen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

THE human T-cell lymphotropic viruses Type I (HTLV-I) and Type II (HTLV-II) and the bovine leukemia virus, which are members of a family of leukemogenic mammalian retroviruses, share some of the same structural and functional characteristics. HTLV-I has been implicated as the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia, a T-cell lymphoid malignant disease endemic to southern Japan and the Caribbean area.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bovine leukemia virus has been recognized as a cause of specific lymphoid malignant diseases of cattle.9 10 11 The role of HTLV-II in human cancer is unclear. This agent is a human retrovirus with a nucleic acid sequence homology to HTLV-I . . .
OBSCURE CASES OF OPTIC NERVE ATROPHY OF CEREBRAL ORIGIN.
Authors: CHARLES W. KOLLOCK
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Affections of the brain proper that might cause atrophy of the optic nerve are very numerous, but in a majority of cases the disease which produces the optic neuritis causes the death of the patient before atrophy takes place, or can be recognized by the aid of the ophthalmoscope. The cases who can survive the disease sufficiently long for the nerve to become atrophied are usually too obscure in many instances for human ingenuity to explain, and though the neurologists of to-day are wonderfully accurate in their knowledge of this complex organ—the brain —still in very many cases their conclusions must be purely problematical. When we remember that a tumor growing in the brain tissue may produce optic neuritis in one case, and in another death may occur without an eye symptom having been seen, we may readily understand the difficulties of accurate diagnosis. Lesions at the base of the
THE INFLUENCE OF EPINEPHRIN UPON THE CORONARY CIRCULATION OF THE MONKEY
Authors: Henry G. Barbour, Alexander L. Prince
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

Decrease in coronary flow was the constant response of freshly isolated monkey hearts to epinephrin. These hearts were perfused with autogenous hirudinized blood diluted with Locke solution. The results were constant at high or low perfusion pressures, in beating or resting hearts, and with all adequate doses. Increased coronary flow was obtained constantly in rabbit hearts under identical conditions. In the light of previous work upon isolated human coronary arteries, the general conclusion is drawn that, while actively dilating the coronary vessels in the dog, cat, rabbit, ox, sheep, and pig, epinephrin constricts the coronary vessels in man and the monkey. The coronary arteries of the last two species are presumably supplied with constrictor nerves of true sympathetic (thoracicolumbar) origin.
[31] THE IMMUNO-PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE LIVER AS PART OF A COMPOSITE VISCERAL GRAFT: THE IMPACT ON SURVIVAL AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME
Authors: K.M. Abu-Elmagd, G. Mazariegos, G.T. Bond, N. Murase, T. Wu, G. Costa, K. Soltys, R. Sindhi, A.T. Demetris, A. Marcos, T.E. Starzl
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)