tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delayed communication between hospitals and general practitioners
Authors: D A Sandler, J R A Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1988)

the control of communicable disease.A recent example is the largest recorded food related out- break of paratyphoid, which occurred in Birming- ham early this year and was successfully dealt with under the present control of infection arrangements.Another example is the outbreak Qf legionnaires' disease in London which Dr Cunningham and her colleagues had to deal witlY.One shudders to think what would have happened if the government had accepted the Acheson recommendations when the report was published.
Reviews and Notes: Cardiology and Angiology: Vascular Medicine: A Textbook of Vascular Biology and Diseases
Authors: Jeffrey W. Olin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 February 1994Reviews and Notes: Cardiology and Angiology: Vascular Medicine: A Textbook of Vascular Biology and DiseasesJeffrey W. OlinJeffrey W. OlinCleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-3-199402010-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Vascular Medicine: A Textbook of Vascular Biology and DiseasesJoseph Loscalzo, Mark A. Creager, and Victor J. Dzau; eds. 1211 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1992; $135.00.In the last several years vascular medicine has emerged as a new and rapidly growing specialty. The Society of Vascular Medicine and Biology and its accompanying journal have been founded. More centers are training physicians in vascular medicine and more research dollars are being allocated to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of vascular disease. As the editors of Vascular Medicine state in the preface of their book, “the vasculature represents the largest organ in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1994Volume 120, Issue 3Page: 255KeywordsDeep vein thrombosisFibrinolysisMagnetic resonance imagingPathogenesisPatientsResearch laboratoriesThrombosisUlcersVascular diseasesVascular medicine Issue Published: 1 February 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Psychosomatic Syndromes and Somatic Symptoms
Authors: Gregory Simon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 February 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Psychosomatic Syndromes and Somatic SymptomsGregory Simon, MDGregory Simon, MDGroup Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-3-199302010-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Psychosomatic Syndromes and Somatic SymptomsRobert Kellner. 260 pages. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press; 1992. $32.00.Oxymoron or not, this book is best described as a brief encyclopedia. Dr. Kellner succeeds in efficiently summarizing research and clinical experience with a challenging group of patients—those who seek care for physical symptoms that have no known biomedical cause or treatment. The first nine chapters discuss common symptoms or syndromes in which psychologic factors may play a role: fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, globus, dysphagia, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, urethral syndrome, hyperventilation, and chronic pain. Each chapter includes discussions of clinical features, the roles of psychologic and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 3Page: 236KeywordsChronic fatigue syndromeDiarrheaDrug therapyDysphagiaFatigueFibromyalgiaIrritable bowel syndromeIschemiaPain managementPrimary care physicians Issue Published: 1 February 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Chronic Pontine Dysfunction Following Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in an IDDM Patient
Authors: Petros Perros, Robin J Sellar, Brian M Frier
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

Insulin-induced hypoglycemia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In addition to cognitive dysfunction, transient neurological abnormalities may result from the neuroglycopenia of acute hypoglycemia and can be protean in their manifestations. In experimental animals, the hippocampus, putamen, caudate, and cerebral cortex display the greatest vulnerability to hypoglycemic neuronal damage (1). In humans, permanent brain damage has been described in survivors of severe and protracted hypoglycemia and is usually localized to the cortex and hippocampus, sparing the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord, which are more resistant to glucose deprivation (2). A man with IDDM is described who developed permanent pontine signs after an episode of severe hypoglycemia.
Lay Volunteers and Mobile Multiphasic Cancer Screening
Authors: Henry T. Lynch
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  Our multiphasic mobile cancer detection program ( Cancer 30:777, 1972; Geriatrics 28:152, 1973) makes active use of lay volunteers. These individuals range from men and women unaffiliated with any organization to persons from a variety of community organizations, such as Veterans of Foreign Wars Auxiliary, American Cancer Society volunteers, hospital administrations and auxiliary groups, and others.  On each of our visits to ten different communities (more than 3,500 patients examined), we had a lay individual in each community step forward and be able to assume a leadership role and manage logistics with only limited supervision. It is these leader-type individuals who recruit our additional lay volunteers, find the ideal location for placement of the unit in the community for accessibility to the populace, remain in constant communication with us, act as liaison with the community, and who fulfill all of our needs.  As our mobile cancer detection unit
The Effect of Arterialization of the Coronary Sinus in Dogs on Mortality Following Acute Coronary Occlusion
Authors: R. W. ECKSTEIN, GEORGE SMITH, MORTON ELEFF, JAMES DEMMING
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The mortality rates were determined in two groups of dogs following acute circumflex artery occlusion. Both groups were surgically prepared in the same manner. In a group of 20 dogs the coronary sinus was cannulated to divert the blood into the left jugular vein. Circumflex artery ligation resulted in 70 per cent mortality within one hour. In a second group of 10 dogs the coronary sinus was arterialized from the left subclavian artery and the sinus mean pressure was held at 50 mm. Hg. In this group circumflex artery ligation resulted in 100 per cent survival for one hour. Statistical analysis shows the results to be highly significant. The results strongly suggest that arterialization of the coronary sinus protects the hearts of dogs from ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery ligation.
An Investigation of Hostile and Alexithymic Characteristics in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: F. Anagnostopoulos, Gr. Vaslamatzs, M. Markidis, Kl. Katsouyanni, St. Vassilaros, C. Stefanis
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

Two measures of personality characteristics, the Personality Deviance Scale and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, were administered to a total sample of 448 women and a subsample of 100 women, respectively, attending two breast-screening centers in Athens. The relative risk of breast cancer between women with low denigratory attitudes towards others and women with high scores in this scale was 2.31. Statistically significant relations were not noted between the mean scores of alexithymia factors and breast cancer diagnosis. Our findings point to the conclusion that breast cancer patients can be distinguished from healthy women on the basis of their cognitive activity, characterized by rare denigratory thoughts.
Effects of propranolol on baroreflex sensitivity in borderline hypertension
Authors: A. TAKESHITA, S. TANAKA, M. NAKAMURA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Patients with borderline hypertension have reduced baroreflex sensitivity, but the mechanism is not known. These patients reportedly have increased β-adrenergic activity. Since β-adrenergic activity has been reported to antagonise baroreflex sensitivity, this study was undertaken, first to determine if propranolol increases baroreflex sensitivity in borderline hypertension, and secondly to test the hypothesis that increased β-adrenergic activity might contribute to reduced baroreflex sensitivity in these patients. The effect of β-adrenergic blockade on baroreflex sensitivity was studied in 11 patients with borderline hypertension and was compared with that of six age-matched control subjects. Baroreflex sensitivity was significantly increased by propranolol, 0.2 mg·kg−1 intravenously, in patients with borderline hypertension. However, after propranolol baroreflex sensitivity was still lower in the patients with borderline hypertension than it was in control subjects (P<0.01). The results suggest, first that increased β-adrenergic activity is not a major factor contributing to decreased baroreflex sensitivity in borderline hypertension and, second that increased baroreflex sensitivity produced by propranolol might contribute to the antihypertensive effect of this drug.
Metformin and the Incidence of Cancer in Patients With Diabetes: A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Shu-Yi Wang, Chieh-Sen Chuang, Chih-Hsin Muo, Shih-Te Tu, Ming-Chia Lin, Fung-Chang Sung, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of various forms of cancer, such as cancer of the liver, colon, pancreas, breast, bladder, and kidney. Metformin, widely given to patients with type 2 diabetes, works by inhibiting hepatic glucose production through an LKB1 (serine-threonine liver kinase B1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–mediated mechanism. LKB1 is a well-recognized tumor suppressor. Activation of AMPK by LKB1 plays an important role in inhibiting cell growth. It has been suggested that metformin use in patients with diabetes may reduce their risk of cancer (1). Some studies have reported that diabetic patients taking metformin showed decreased cancer risk (2,3). However, several studies have shown that metformin does not reduce the risk of cancer in patients with diabetes (4,5). Little information is available on the subject considering non-Caucasian ethnicity. We used representative National Health Insurance datasets for Taiwan to form a cohort to …
Let Them Eat Prozac
Authors: Joe Collier
Journal: BMJ (2004)

This is a curate's egg of a book. It addresses the wrongs associated with the overuse of fluoxetine (Prozac) in the treatment of patients with depression, choosing to do so at two different levels.

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David Healy James Lorimer & Company Ltd, $C29.95, pp 462 ISBN 1550287834 www.lorimer.ca

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As a populist tract (one has to assume that the book is directed primarily at a north American lay readership), the text is essentially autobiographical, overlong, over-indulgent, somewhat uncritical, and often indiscreet. Healy's aim seems to be one of self advancement as he tells of the buffeting and injustices that have befallen him while fighting to expose and reverse various wrongdoings. The saga, for …

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Opportunity cost calculations only determine<i>justified</i>effort – Or, What happened to the resource conservation principle?
Authors: Guido H. E. Gendolla, Michael Richter
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract We welcome the development of a new model on effort and performance and the critique on existing resource-based models. However, considering the vast evidence for the significant impact of experienced task demand on resource allocation, we conclude that Kurzban et al.'s opportunity cost model is only valid for one performance condition: if task demand is unknown or unspecified.
Abstract 3620: Right Bundle Branch Block is associated with a high 15 year Mortality Rate in patients presenting with Chest Pain consistent with Unstable Angina - The Olmsted County Chest Pain Study
Authors: Sameer Bansilal, Michael E Farkouh, Ryan J Lennon, Heather J Wiste, Guy S Reeder, Verghese Mathew
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The long-term outcomes of patients with bundle branch block (BBB) and acute chest pain (ACP) are not well established. Methods: We retrospectively identified all residents of Olmsted Co...
Atlas of Biliary Tract Surgery
Authors: I S Benjamin
Journal: Gut (1995)

Chapters from 27 onward deal with the nutritional treatment of disease of liver, kid- ney, lungs, bowel, and of patients with HIV infection, cancer, and the elderly.Most authors have accepted a challenge to give 'future perspectives' in their field, and common themes recurr.New substrates and drugs will be developed, the efficacy of nutri- tional support will be better tested by randomised controlled trials, and their colleagues will come to see the value of well trained multidisciplinary nutrition support teams.This is a very informative book, written by leading practitioners of the art, but I fear that clinicians who need it will outnumber clinicians who want it.
Drug Addiction and Alcohol Abuse under Workmen's Compensation
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

TWO important decisions have recently been passed down by state supreme courts concerning serious health problems in our modern American society: drug addiction and alcohol abuse. Both cases arose under the Workmen's Compensation Law of the respective states.The theory of many legal approaches to the control of addiction and abuse of dangerous substances has been basically punitive. The United States Supreme Court a few years ago found unconstitutional the ultimate form of application of this theory: criminal punishment of a person for the very fact of being a "drug addict."1 As yet, the Supreme Court has not outlawed criminal . . .
Hybrid Organic Nanotubes with Dual Functionalities Localized on Cylindrical Nanochannels Control the Release of Doxorubicin
Authors: Wuxiao Ding, Naohiro Kameta, Hiroyuki Minamikawa, Momoyo Wada, Toshimi Shimizu, Mitsutoshi Masuda
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

A method to control the release of the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) from cylindrical nanocapsules, known as organic nanotubes (ONTs), is reported. Co-assembly of a tube-forming glycolipid and its hydrophobized analogue yield novel ONTs with both -COOH and hydrophobic benzyloxycarbonyl groups localized on cylindrical nanochannels. The hydrophobicity of the ONTs nanochannels is easily tunable by adjusting the mixing ratio of the two glycolipids in the co-assembly process. The resultant biologically stable ONTs are able to capture Dox with high efficiency into the cylindrical nanochannels via ion complexation between cationic Dox and anionic -COO(-) , and the release of Dox from hybrid ONTs is effectively controlled by tuning the electrostatic interaction and the hydrophobicity. This controlled release by tuning the hydrophobicity of the ONTs' nanochannels greatly reduces the cytotoxicity of Dox@ONTs for HeLa cells.
Evaluation of hemostasis in flowing blood
Authors: Eric F. Grabowski, Kylee Yam, Matthew Gerace
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Hemostasis and thrombosis are now increasingly recognized as integrally related to blood rheology and blood flow. Platelets, for example, are known to access the vessel wall in ways which depend upon the small-scale motions of neighboring erythrocytes, and access one another via collisions driven by gradients in blood flow velocity. In this context, flow devices have become a subject of great interest in the clinical assessment of bleeding disorders, especially platelet function defects and von Willebrand disease. While these devices currently lack standardization and outcomes measures which establish clear clinical utility, their promise remains great, particularly in the potential to simulate the microenvironment of arteries vs. veins and in their ability to incorporate such intrinsically flow-dependent phenomena as co-localization of tissue-factor-bearing microparticles with platelets, the weakness of the GPIb-vWF bond at very high shear stresses, and even the hemostatic and antithrombotic function of vascular endothelium. In contrast, currently utilized assays are often performed under static conditions that do not involve flow and therefore are not able to simulate the microenvironment of arteries and veins.
Prenatal determination of fetal RhD status by analysis of peripheral blood of rhesus negative mothers
Authors: Y.-M.D. Lo, P.J. Bowell, M. Selinger, I.Z. Mackenzie, P. Chamberlain, M.D.G. Gillmer, T.J. Littlewood, K.A. Fleming, J.S. Wainscoat
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
A CASE ILLUSTRATING THE SEGMENTAL FEATURE OF GLAUCOMA.
Authors: H. CULBERTSON
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Presented to the Section on Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology.] On the 30th of November, 1878, I was called to see Miss M. M., aged 41 years. She had been suffering with extreme pain in her eyes for four weeks. The disease began in the left, and one week later in the right eye. The vision failed during a night in each eye, and from the periphery of the visual field, until at its center, in the right eye, she could only discern the light of a candle, and in the left distinguish the outlines of a candle light. The pain was of the most acute character, aggravated at night, deep-seated in the orbit, and radiated over the brow and in the nasal region. The general system was much depressed—enfeebled—from the suffering endured. The history showed excessive use of eyes on fine work, and exposure to cold while riding in a
The Reception in England of Henry Jacob Bigelow's Original Paper on Surgical Anesthesia
Authors: John F. Fulton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

IT IS not widely known that Henry Jacob Bigelow's original announcement concerning surgical anesthesia, which was issued in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal on November 18, 1846, when its author was twenty-eight years of age, was reprinted at least four times within a few weeks of its appearance — twice with the omission of the final controversial paragraphs about the patent and twice in its entirety.†The first reprinting, which included the entire text, appeared in the Boston Daily Advertiser on November 19, the day after it had been published in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Eager . . .
Efficacy and Safety of Renal Denervation: Outcomes of the Largest Series of Renal Denervation in Turkey
Authors: Mehmet Bilge, Sina Ali, Recai Alemdar, Ayse Saatci Yasar, Özgür Kırbas, Özge Kurmus, Turgay Aslan, Cemal Koseoglu, Bilge Karaduman Duran, Mehmet Erdogan, Serkan Sivri, Mustafa Duran, Hakan Süygün
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Immune Rejection of Mouse Tumors Expressing Mutated Self
Authors: Fei Duan, Yun Lin, Cailian Liu, Manuel E. Engelhorn, Adam D. Cohen, Michael Curran, Shimon Sakaguchi, Taha Merghoub, Stephanie Terzulli, Jedd D. Wolchok, Alan N. Houghton
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

How the immune system recognizes and responds to mutations expressed by cancer cells is a critical issue for cancer immunology. Mutated self-polypeptides are particularly strong tumor-specific rejection antigens for natural tumor immunity, but we know remarkably little about T-cell responses to mutated self during tumor growth in vivo, including levels of response, kinetics, and correlates that predict tumor rejection. To address these questions, a mutated self-antigen, designated tyrosinase-related protein 1 (Tyrp1)-WM, derived from Tyrp1 was expressed in the poorly immunogenic, spontaneously arising B16 melanoma and the immunogenic, chemically induced LiHa fibrosarcoma. Syngeneic mice challenged with LiHa fibrosarcoma cells expressing Tyrp1-WM, but not native Tyrp1, induced specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cell responses against defined mutated epitopes in tumor-draining lymph nodes and in tumors. Subsequently, specific CD8(+) T-cell responses contracted as a minority of tumors progressed. B16 melanomas expressing Tyrp1-WM induced minimal T-cell responses, and no tumor immunity was detected. Treatment with an agonist monoclonal antibody against glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related gene (GITR) increased the level of CD8(+) T cells recognizing a peptide derived from the Tyrp1-WM sequence and the proportion of mice rejecting tumors. These results show that B16 tumors expressing mutations that generate strongly immunogenic epitopes naturally induce T-cell responses, which are insufficient to reject tumors. Immune modulation, such as inducing GITR signaling, is required to enhance CD8(+) T-cell responses to specific mutations and to lead to tumor rejection.
Leishmania tropica in northern Israel: A clinical overview of an emerging focus
Authors: Ayelet Shani-Adir, Stephanie Kamil, Dganit Rozenman, Eli Schwartz, Michal Ramon, Lucia Zalman, Abed Nasereddin, Charles L. Jaffe, Moshe Ephros
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
Continuous recurrence of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome and long-term treatment with terlipressin and albumin: A new exception to MELD score in the allocation system to liver transplantation?
Authors: Salvatore Piano, Filippo Morando, Silvano Fasolato, Marta Cavallin, Novella Boscato, Patrizia Boccagni, Giacomo Zanus, Umberto Cillo, Angelo Gatta, Paolo Angeli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

The recurrence of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome has been described in up to 20% of responders to terlipressin and albumin after the discontinuation of the treatment. Subsequent recurrence of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome may require long-term treatment with terlipressin and albumin.We describe our experience of long-term administration of terlipressin as a bridge to LT in three patients with cirrhosis and recurrent type 1 hepatorenal syndrome. For all three patients we requested an "early transplant" which is an option recognized in our country to reduce waiting times for liver transplantation.All three patients were transplanted within 2 months of onset of hepatorenal syndrome. All patients are still alive and none of them have developed chronic kidney disease.The outcomes of these patients suggest that long-term treatment with terlipressin and albumin is effective and well tolerated in patients with continuous recurrence of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome and, therefore, should be considered an absolute priority criterion in the allocation system for liver transplantation.
WHITHER ARE WE DRIFTING IN THERAPEUTICS?
Authors: CLARENCE H. VAUGHT
Journal: JAMA (1906)

I believe that one of the greatest questions of our time is before us and one that we can have more influence in solving than can any other class of men or profession with which I am acquainted. "The patent and proprietary medicine conspiracy," which has reached the climax of human endurance, is being assailed from many quarters, and the rankest of these gigantic frauds are on the run, and I want this society to get on the firing line and, if possible, to assist in their speedy extermination. A number of high-class periodicals, the<i>Ladies' Home Journal, Collier's Weekly</i>and others, are the means, and Edward Bok, Norman Hapgood, Samuel Hopkins Adams and M. J. Sullivan are the men behind the means, that have caused such an awakening among the profession throughout the country. These men are real pioneers in this noble work. Is it not strange that a