tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of α1, α3 and α5 integrin subunits in acute and chronic stages of myocardial infarction in rats
Authors: Jun Nawata, Isao Ohno, Shogen Isoyama, Jun Suzuki, Shoko Miura, Jun Ikeda, Kunio Shirato
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Anchoring cardiac myocytes to extracellular matrix, which is mediated mainly by integrins on their surfaces, is important for maintaining the architecture of myocardial tissues and transmitting mechanical force. We evaluated the expression of alpha integrin subunits on myocytes and the accumulation of interstitial collagen and fibronectin at acute and chronic stages after myocardial infarction.Myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of left coronary arteries in rats. The expression of alpha 1, alpha 3 and alpha 5 integrin subunits, and accumulation of collagen and fibronectin were analyzed with immunohistochemistry or sirius-red staining.In hearts without infarction, moderate expression of the alpha 3 subunit and only slight expression of the alpha 5 subunit were observed on myocytes. In the first week after infarction, the alpha 1 subunit, collagen and fibronectin were increased only in the peri-infarcted area, while the alpha 5 subunit was increased both in peri-infarcted and non-infarcted areas. At day 42, the expression of the alpha 1 subunit and collagen were still increased, although the alpha 5 subunit and fibronectin were decreased. The expression of the alpha 3 subunit was not altered throughout the experimental period.These data suggest that integrin subunits play an important role in healing and remodeling processes after myocardial infarction.
Countering Cardiac Counterpulsation
Authors: Paul E. Nathan
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We read with interest the recent report by Sack et al<sup>1</sup>that described the technique of IAC during CPR for in-hospital cardiac arrest. In light of the recent media attention to this report we feel certain cautionary notes should be underlined. First, as expressed by the authors, this study was not blinded to the investigators or participants and therefore runs a very real risk of observation and expectation bias. Although the duration of CPR expressed as the median time in minutes between groups did not significantly differ, there was no standardization for chest compression force and no information was provided about DC countershock in the two groups. Perhaps measurements of end-tidal carbon dioxide tension would provide further information as to the relative efficacy of each technique and would improve standardization.<sup>2</sup> Second, the number of patients who achieved meaningful survival (neurologic class I and II)<sup>3</sup>
THE RELATION OF UNBALANCED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT TO PUBERTAL MORBIDITY AS SHOWN BY PHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS.
Authors: W. S. CHRISTOPHER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The measurements upon which this paper is based were made by the Child Study Department of the Chicago Public Schools, under my direction as Chairman of the Department. The gentlemen composing this department are Mr. F. W. Smedley, Director, and Messrs. C. C. Krauskopf, Daniel P. McMillan, and C. Victor Campbell, assistants. These gentlemen are all thoroughly equipped for the work, and large experience in making measurements has made them exceptionally accurate, and this skill on the part of the observers gives great weight to the observations. I wish to acknowledge particularly my indebtedness to Mr. Smedley, who jointly with me has discussed every phase of the work done by the Department, and every detail of its official publications. The tables are based upon the measurements of 6259 children, 2788 boys and 3471 girls. Seven measurements were made of each child, except that no ergographic work was done with children
A Preliminary Report on Multi-Image Immediate Impact Video Self-Confrontation
Authors: MILTON M. BERGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A multi-image closed-circuit video self-confrontation with deliberate distortion of some of the images is presented to patients for immediate impact during psychotherapy. Seeing the distorted images alongside the clear image serves to elicit free associations about past or present self-concepts and introjections, which may then lead to significant clarification and insight into the self in the here and now. The technique is not proposed as a form of therapy by itself or as a substitute for analytic psychotherapy, but rather as an adjunct to be used in appropriate contexts.
Quantification of pericardial effusions by three-dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Jose A.Vazquez de Prada, Leng Jiang, Mark D. Handschumacher, Song Wei Xie, J.Miguel Rivera, Ehud Schwammenthal, J.Luis Guerrero, Arthur E. Weyman, Robert A. Levine, Michael H. Picard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Rapid generation of broad T-cell immunity in humans after a single injection of mature dendritic cells
Authors: Madhav V. Dhodapkar, Ralph M. Steinman, Mark Sapp, Hema Desai, Coraleen Fossella, Joseph Krasovsky, Sean M. Donahoe, P. Rod Dunbar, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Douglas F. Nixon, Nina Bhardwaj
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that initiate protective T-cell immunity in mice. To study the immunogenicity of DCs in humans, we injected 9 healthy subjects subcutaneously with a control injection of autologous monocyte-derived, mature DCs, followed 4–6 weeks later by DCs pulsed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), HLA-A*0201–positive restricted influenza matrix peptide (MP), and tetanus toxoid (TT). Four more subjects received these antigens without DCs. Injection of unpulsed DCs, or antigens alone, failed to immunize. Priming of CD4+ T cells to KLH was observed in all 9 subjects injected with KLH-pulsed DCs, and boosting of TT-specific T-cell immunity was seen in 5 of 6 subjects injected with TT-pulsed DCs. Injection of antigen-pulsed DCs led to a severalfold increase in freshly isolated MP-specific, IFN-γ–secreting CD8+ T cells in all 6 HLA-A*0201–positive subjects, as early as 7 days after injection. When T cells were boosted in culture, there was an increase in MHC tetramer–binding cells and cytotoxic T cells after DC vaccination. These data provide the first controlled evidence of the immunogenicity of DCs in humans, and demonstrate that a single injection of mature DCs rapidly expands T-cell immunity.
Prevalence and Predictors of the Prone Sleep Position Among Inner-city Infants
Authors: Ruth A. Brenner
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.-The prone sleep position is associated with an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), but few studies have assessed factors associated with the choice of infant sleep position.Objectives.-To describe infant sleep position in a cohort of infants born to predominantly low-income, inner-city mothers and to identify predictors of the prone sleep position in this population.Design.-Prospective birth cohort study.Patients and Setting.-Threehundred ninety-four mother-infant dyads, systematically selected from 3 District of Columbia hospitals between August 1995 and September 1996.Mothers were interviewed shortly after delivery and again at 3 to 7 months postpartum.Main Outcome Measures.-Position in which infants were placed for sleep on the night prior to the 3-to 7-month interview.Results.-At 3 to 7 months of age, 157 infants (40%) were placed for sleep in the prone position.Independent predictors of prone sleep position included poverty (odds ratio [OR], 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.99),black race (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.05-4.04),presence of infant's grandmother in the home (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.11-3.00),and intent, as measured shortly after delivery, to place the infant in the prone position (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.44-3.60).Importantly, of the 43 mothers who observed their infants in the prone sleep position while in the hospital, 40 (93%) intended to place their infants prone at home.Conclusions.-Asubstantial proportion of infants in this predominantly lowincome population were placed in the prone sleep position.Educational efforts should address both initial intentions and reinforcement of the correct sleep position, once initiated.Hospitals should ensure that healthy newborn infants are placed in the supine sleep position during the postpartum hospital stay.
KAHN TEST AND WASSERMANN
Authors: R. G. Owen
Journal: JAMA (1931)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The statement in your editorial headed "The Standard and the Presumptive Kahn Reactions" (The Journal, February 14) reading "The superiority of the Kahn test over different Wassermann technics as well as other precipitation tests is shown by an analysis of the results obtained at the competitive serologic conference of the League of Nations Health Committee held at Copenhagen in 1928" is quite misleading. An analysis of the results of the conference actually shows that the Kahn test is superior in sensitivity to the type of complement fixation test in general use in Europe and nothing more. Of the seven complement fixation tests used at the conference, six employed a preliminary fixation of not over one hour at 37 C.; the other (Jacobsthal) used both 37 C. and "cold" fixation for one hour. It has long been recognized by competent American serologists that such types of preliminary fixation
Haemoglobin H Disease with Occlusion of Right Anterior Cerebral Artery, Xanthochromia, and Pleocytosis of C.S.F
Authors: G. A. Ransome, J. L. Da Costa
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The natural history of the unshod foot was studied on the island of St. Helena, where half the islanders have gradually adopted shoe-wearing over the past few decades.Hallux valgus was found in under 2% of the unshod and in 16% of the men and 48% of the women who had worn shoes for more than 60 years.
Acute parotiditis and facial nerve palsy - unusual side effects of Xylocaine spray
Authors: J. Sagar, V. Chavan, D. Shah
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Xylocaine (lidocaine) is the most commonly used agent for local surface anesthesia. The adverse effects of Xylocaine are more common with intravenous injections or rapid injections than with surface anesthesia. We present a case of a 52-year-old white English woman who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspepsia.
LUTEIN EXTRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF DECREASED MENSTRUATION AND THE PREMATURE MENOPAUSE
Authors: ELLICE McDONALD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Disturbances of menstruation are always difficult of treatment. The factors which cause and control menstruation are so little known and understood that treatment is largely empirical and experimental. Investigation into the function of the ovary and its influence on menstruation and pregnancy are, however, beginning to shed new light on these processes, and give hope of the relief of these conditions by scientific treatment. <h3>INTERNAL SECRETION OF THE OVARY</h3> The function of the ovary and the effect of its internal secretion are becoming better understood, and the influence of the corpus luteum on menstruation and pregnancy are now being studied experimentally in animals. Brown-Séquard<sup>1</sup>appears to have been the first to suggest an internal secretion for the ovary and supposed that it was concerned in the secondary sexual characteristics. Since then many investigators have sought the presence and mechanism of the production of this internal secretion. Gustav Born<sup>2</sup>
Reduced Peritoneal Clearances in Scleroderma Increased by Intraperitoneal Isoproterenol
Authors: STEPHEN T. BROWN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

In a patient with scleroderma and renal failure, peritoneal clearances of urea and creatinine were well below those values usually seen in patients with renal disease but without systemic vascular disease. Peritoneal clearance values increased significantly with the intraperitoneal administration of isoproterenol and subsequently decreased after withdrawal of the drug. These data suggest that reduced peritoneal clearances can be associated with the sclerodermatous process and may be improved by the use of vasodilator drugs. Abnormalities similar to those reported for the cutaneous microvasculature may also develop in the visceral circulation in patients with scleroderma.
16 THE CHANGING FACE OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE (CLD) IN THE UNITED STATES: THE RISING EPIDEMIC OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: Z. Younossi, M. Stepanova, M. Afendy, Y. Fang, Y. Younossi, H. Mir, M. Srishord
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Un homme different
Authors: J.-Y. Panici
Journal: BMJ (2001)

I had been the family's doctor for 12 years. They lived in a small, remote village. One September the father—a tall, physically fit schoolmaster—came to my surgery. “It's stupid,” he said, “I just got back from holiday but I feel tired. I was with some colleagues last Monday and I had trouble finding and pronouncing some words during a conversation.” The results of a clinical examination and blood test were normal.

A few weeks later I was called to his home. His family was very worried. He had been having headaches and was sleeping a …
In Vivo Assessment of High-Risk Coronary Plaques at Bifurcations With Combined Intravascular Ultrasound and Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Nieves Gonzalo, Hector M. Garcia-Garcia, Evelyn Regar, Peter Barlis, Jolanda Wentzel, Yoshinobu Onuma, Jurgen Ligthart, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Serum Levels of Free 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Vitamin D Toxicity
Authors: John M. Pettifor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To determine the serum level of free 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-[OH]2D) in patients with vitamin D toxicity and to assess the in vitro effect of differing concentrations of vitamin D metabolites on the free serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D. Design: 1] A case study of patients hospitalized with vitamin D toxicity after accidentally ingesting a veterinary vitamin D concentrate and 2) an in vitro experiment in which vitamin D metabolites in various concentrations were added to normal serum and their effect was noted on percentage of free 1,25-(OH)2D. Patients: 11 patients (age range, 8 to 69 years) were studied 10 to 40 days after hospitalization for hypercalcemia. Measurements: Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and 1,25-(OH) (2D) levels were measured by radioreceptor assays. The percentage of free 1,25-(OH)2D was measured by centrifugal ultrafiltration isodialysis and was used to calculate actual free 1,25-(OH)2D levels. In the in vitro studies, vitamin D metabolites (25-OHD; 24,25-[OH]2D; 25,26-[OH]2D; and 25-OHD-26,23 lactone) were added to normal serum in concentrations expected to occur with vitamin D toxicity. The percentage of free 1,25-(OH) (2D) was measured by isodialysis. Results: All patients presented with marked hypercalcemia (mean calcium level, 3.99 ±0.33 mmol/L). Serum 25-OHD levels ranged from 847 to 1652 nmol/L, and total 1,25-(OH)2D levels (mean, 106 ±86 pmol/L) were elevated in only three patients. The percentage of free 1,25-(OH)2D (mean, 1.023% ±0.366%) was elevated in all nine patients in whom it was measured. Actual free 1,25-(OH)2D levels (mean, 856 ±600 fmol/L) were elevated in six of the nine patients. Total 1,25-(OH)2D levels were correlated with 25-OHD levels (r = 0.66; P = 0.03), whereas total and free 1,25-(OH)2D levels were highly correlated (r = 0.957; P < 0.001). In the in vitro studies, the percentage of free 1,25-(OH)2D increased after 25-OHD or 24,25-(OH)2D was added. Conclusions: Although the patients had normal or near-normal total 1,25-(OH)2D values, most patients had elevated free 1,25-(OH)2D levels. These findings suggest that elevated free 1,25-(OH)2D levels might play a role in the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia in vitamin D toxicity.
Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 induces human eosinophil migration
Authors: S. Ueki, J. Kihara, H. Kato, W. Ito, M. Takeda, Y. Kobayashi, H. Kayaba, J. Chihara
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Background: Tissue eosinophilia is one of the hallmarks of allergic diseases and Th2‐type immune responses including asthma. Adhesion molecules are known to play an important role in the accumulation of eosinophils in allergic inflammatory foci, and they contribute to eosinophil activation. Elevated levels of the soluble forms of adhesion molecules in the body fluid of asthmatic patients have been observed, although their pathophysiological significance remains to be fully elucidated. Methods: Peripheral blood eosinophils were purified, and the effect of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1) on eosinophil migration was investigated using in vitro systems. Results: We found that sVCAM‐1 (1 to 10 μg/ml) induced eosinophil chemotaxis, rather than chemokinesis, in a concentration‐dependent fashion. In addition, sVCAM‐1 induced cell shape change and actin polymerization, which are necessary for cell movement. Manipulations with very late antigen (VLA)‐4‐neutralizing antibody and signal inhibitors indicated that the sVCAM‐1‐induced chemotaxis was mediated through ligand‐dependent activation of tyrosine kinase Src, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK. Rapid phosphorylation of these signaling molecules was observed using a bead‐based multiplex assay. Conclusion: Our results raise the possibility of sVCAM‐1 in the fluid phase as a significant contributor to the heightened eosinophilic inflammatory response.
Chemotherapy: What Progress in the Last 5 Years?
Authors: Anne Hamilton, Gabriel Hortobagyi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

AntitubulinsDocetaxel.By 1999, docetaxel had become the reference agent in metastatic breast cancer, and it remains so in 2004.A randomized trial of 326 patients demonstrated superiority of docetaxel (100 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks) over doxorubicin (75 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks) as single agents in terms of response rate (48% v 33%; P Z .008).Although no survival benefit was evident
P4-01-13: Biology of Aggressiveness and Tamoxifen Resistance in Hormone Receptor-Positive Very Young Age Breast Cancer.
Authors: W Han, J Ro, S Jung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract It has been known that young breast cancer patients have worse outcomes compared with older premenopausal or postmenopausal patients. Survival difference between young and older breast cancer patients is evident only in hormone receptor positive breast cancer regardless of tamoxifen treatment according to our previous report. However, the biology of aggressiveness and endocrine resistance of breast cancer in very young women is largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to find molecular characteristics of hormone receptor positive breast cancers of very young age women (&amp;lt;35) compared with those of older premenopausal women. We extracted mRNA from fresh frozen hormone receptor positive primary breast cancer tissues of 24 young age breast cancer patients (&amp;lt;35 years) and 31 older premenopausal women (40 to 49 years) by standard method. All tumor specimens analyzed contained more than 50% tumor cells. Hormone receptor status was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Gene expression microarray experiment was done in the 55 samples using Illumina HumanRef-8 v3 Expression BeadChip (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA). Functional and pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes were done using DAVID (http://david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov/home.jsp) and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA, http://www.ingenuity.com). Ki-67 assay was done using IHC in 4,957 ER+ breast cancer patients of Seoul National University cohort and 1,863 ER+ patients from National Cancer Center, Korea. 355 genes were upregulated (&amp;gt;1.5 fold) and 209 genes were down-regulated in breast cancer tissues of young age patients (&amp;lt;35) compared with those of older patients. In pathway analysis of the highly expressed genes in young patients, cell cycle function and pathway was significantly activated. The genes of central role in this pathway were MYC and CCND1. In IHC assay for 4,957 ER+ Seoul National University dataset, the proportion of high Ki-67 expression (&amp;gt;=10%) was positively correlated with decreasing age: 26.4%, 24.0%, 21.3%, 14.8%, 12.0% of women aged &amp;lt;30, 30–34, 35–39, 40–49, 50–59, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001). The same correlation pattern between younger age and high Ki-67 expression was also seen in another 1,863 patient cohort. In conclusion, we showed that genes involved in cell cycle pathway were upregulated in very young age (&amp;lt;35) ER+ breast cancer using microarray study. It was validated in large data set using Ki-67 IHC assay. High proliferation and fast cell cycle could be a mechanism of worse outcome and tamoxifen resistance of ER+ very young age breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-13.
Clinical Signs and Procedures in Dermatology
Authors: N. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Roland Marks, Peter Dykes, Richard Motley Dunitz £ 49.95, pp 268 ISBN 0 948269 44 8

An authoritative commentary to help non-specialists understand the basis of dermatological physical signs can only be welcomed. Professor Marks and the Cardiff group, who have done much to unravel some of the mysteries and myths of the specialty, use three sections to discuss the problems of physical signs, diagnostic procedures and their measurement, and cutaneous treatment.

The first section occupies a little less than half the book and deals …
Domiciliary Care of Premature Babies
Authors: R. T. Bevan
Journal: BMJ (1950)

<b>Regarding the gait speed study for COPD patients reported by J.A. Walsh and co-workers, there are 3 concerns: 1) lack of internal validation; 2) methodology of comparing model performance; and 3) a way of handling competing risks in the Fine and Gray model</b>https://bit.ly/3g6I8BN
What Sort of Endoscopist for the Endoscopy of the Future?
Authors: S. Mosca
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Endoscopy, for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, is a progressively more complex and demanding procedure. The increasing competition offered by other modalities for diagnosis and treatment emphasizes the need to maintain optimal outcome levels and to compare the costs of endoscopic procedures and these approaches. Furthermore, endoscopic procedures are often required in selected and unusually difficult circumstances, such as ERCP in Billroth II patients. This represents a handicap to the maintenance of quality levels and to training [1] [2]. It is obviously extremely important that, to ensure an acceptable outcome, clinicians need to perform an adequate number of procedures [3].