tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Induces Myocardium-Specific Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis via Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1– and Neuropilin Receptor-1–Dependent Mechanisms
Authors: Johanna E. Lähteenvuo, Markku T. Lähteenvuo, Antti Kivelä, Carolina Rosenlew, Annelie Falkevall, Joakim Klar, Tommi Heikura, Tuomas T. Rissanen, Elisa Vähäkangas, Petra Korpisalo, Berndt Enholm, Peter Carmeliet, Kari Alitalo, Ulf Eriksson, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— New revascularization therapies are urgently needed for patients with severe coronary heart disease who lack conventional treatment options. Methods and Results— We describe a new proangiogenic approach for these no-option patients using adenoviral (Ad) intramyocardial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-B 186 gene transfer, which induces myocardium-specific angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in pigs and rabbits. After acute infarction, AdVEGF-B 186 increased blood vessel area, perfusion, ejection fraction, and collateral artery formation and induced changes toward an ischemia-resistant myocardial phenotype. Soluble VEGF receptor-1 and soluble neuropilin receptor-1 reduced the effects of AdVEGF-B 186 , whereas neither soluble VEGF receptor-2 nor inhibition of nitric oxide production had this result. The effects of AdVEGF-B 186 involved activation of neuropilin receptor-1, which is highly expressed in the myocardium, via recruitment of G-protein-α interacting protein, terminus C (GIPC) and upregulation of G-protein-α interacting protein. AdVEGF-B 186 also induced an antiapoptotic gene expression profile in cardiomyocytes and had metabolic effects by inducing expression of fatty acid transport protein-4 and lipid and glycogen accumulation in the myocardium. Conclusions— VEGF-B 186 displayed strikingly distinct effects compared with other VEGFs. These effects may be mediated at least in part via a G-protein signaling pathway. Tissue-specificity, high efficiency in ischemic myocardium, and induction of arteriogenesis and antiapoptotic and metabolic effects make AdVEGF-B 186 a promising candidate for the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
Evidence for increased risk of secondary graft failure after in vivo depletion of suicide gene-modified T lymphocytes transplanted in conjunction with CD34+-enriched blood stem cells
Authors: Boris Fehse, Francis A. Ayuk, Nicolaus Kröger, Lubin Fang, Klaus Kühlcke, Marion Heinzelmann, Tatjana Zabelina, Axel A. Fauser, Axel R. Zander
Journal: Blood (2004)
Overexpression of the angiogenic factor platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase in psoriatic epidermis
Authors: D. CREAMER, R. JAGGAR, M. ALLEN, R. BICKNELL, J. BARKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Considerable evidence indicates that the microvascular changes observed in psoriasis are a result of angiogenesis. Vascular proliferation is driven by the local production of molecules which have angiogenic activity. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase (PDECGF/TP) is a potent angiogenic factor active in in vivo angiogenesis assays and overexpressed in several tumour types. We have demonstrated by ribonuclease protection analysis a consistently high degree of PDECGF/TP mRNA production in lesional psoriatic skin, while immunohistochemical studies revealed strong PDECGF/TP immunoreactivity in lesional epidermis, with nuclear staining present in basal keratinocytes and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in suprabasal layers. Non-lesional skin showed minimal PDECGF/TP mRNA production and weak epidermal immunostaining. These results indicate a potential role for PDECGF/TP in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, and reveal a target for antiangiogenesis therapy in the treatment of this disease.
Tobacco use and its contribution to early cancer mortality with a special emphasis on cigarette smoking.
Authors: D R Shopland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

This paper provides an overview of the relationship between tobacco use and early cancer mortality. It presents a retrospective examination of trends in smoking behavior and how these trends affected the national lung cancer mortality pattern during this century. Information on smoking prevalence is presented for black and white men and women for each 5-year birth cohort between 1885 and 1969. The author argues that the lung cancer mortality pattern observed in the United States since 1950 is entirely compatible with changes in smoking behavior among the various birth cohorts examined. The paper also reviews our current scientific knowledge about the etiological relationship between cigarette smoking and site-specific cancer mortality, with particular emphasis on lung cancer. Data on other forms of tobacco use and cancer mortality risks are included as are data on environmental tobacco smoke exposures and nonsmokers' lung cancer risk. Data are presented to demonstrate that cigarette use alone will be responsible for nearly one-third of the U.S. cancer deaths expected in the United States in 1995, or 168,000 premature cancer deaths. Among males, 38% of all cancer deaths are cigarette related, while among women 23% of all cancer deaths are due to cigarettes. These totals, however, include neither the cancer deaths that could reasonably be attributed to pipe, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use among males nor the estimated 3000 to 6000 environmental tobacco smoke-related lung cancer deaths that occur annually in nonsmokers. It is concluded that tobacco use, particularly the practice of cigarette smoking, is the single greatest cause of excess cancer mortality in U.S. populations.
Jeremy Robert Sides
Authors: P. A Rowan
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Jeremy Robert Sides, son of Dr Jack Sides, also a general practitioner in Norfolk, was educated at Ratcliffe College, Leicester. He was an exceptionally bright student. His friends from that time still remember their Latin master marking exam papers and singing, “I’ll put my money on Jeremy Sides … da da do da day” as Jeremy always got top marks! He went to The London Hospital, where he first gained a BSc in biochemistry and then qualified in medicine in 1973.

Jeremy was married to Sue and …
Letter from India.
Authors: Hal. C. Wyman
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Bombay, India, Jan. 15, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —England has sent many of her best medical men to India for service in both army and civil hospitals. Bombay, the chief city of the Empire, is well supplied. The Grant Medical College is equipped for good work and the great hospital adjacent always teems with patients. At a surgical clinic recently held there eight capital operations were performed for various phases of tubercular infection; hip disease, amputation of forearm, peri-rectal abscess, deep cervical abscess, peritonitis, axillary glands, ankle joint and tendovaginitis of thigh. Many of the hot-climate ills are mere preparatory steps to general tuberculosis, whose ravages are fearful in the native population of the cities. <h3>INCREASE OF PLAGUE.</h3> Just now plague is again attracting attention. It is increasing rapidly in other parts of India and is spreading. The Plague Commission has made its reports. Nothing but the continued persistence of
A mutated acetylcholine receptor subunit causes neuronal degeneration in C. elegans
Authors: Millet Treinin, Martin Chalfie
Journal: Neuron (1995)

Neurotoxicity through abnormal activation of membrane channels is a potential cause of neurodegenerative disease. Here we show that a gain-of-function mutation, deg.3(u662), leads to the degeneration of a small set of neurons in the nematode C. elegans. The deg.3 gene encodes a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit, which in the region of transmembrane domain II is most similar to the neuronal alpha 7 subunits from rat and chicken. The u662 mutation changes a residue in the second transmembrane domain, the domain thought to form the channel pore. A similar change in the equivalent amino acid in the chick protein produces channels that desensitize slowly. Channel hyperactivity may underlie the degenerations seen in the C. elegans deg.3(u662) mutants, since antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors suppress the deg-3(u662) mutant phenotypes.
Protection afforded by controlled application of a barrier cream: a study in a workplace setting
Authors: S.S. Sadhra, O.P. Kurmi, N.I. Mohammed, I.S. Foulds
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Skin protective creams (PCs) are used widely in industrial work environments to prevent irritant contact dermatitis. However, workplace studies remain equivocal in terms of their effectiveness, which may be partly owing to whether the PC remains on the skin. To assess the practicability of using skin occlusion testing in a workplace as a method to determine whether PCs applied under controlled conditions can reduce skin damage against known irritants. This study also compares two methods of skin evaluation: clinical dermatological assessment and bioengineering techniques. Daily occlusion testing for 1 h (over two consecutive weeks) was conducted in an engineering company on the volar forearm of 21 healthy volunteer engineers with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and a PC that was used on site. The engineers conducted their normal work activities during the occlusion testing period. The skin areas tested were assessed using transepidermal water loss (TEWL), Chroma Meter and by visual dermatological scoring. Testing with PC and SLS together showed that PC does not prevent irritant contact dermatitis but significantly reduced skin damage compared with SLS alone (P <0·01). The changes in skin were evident earlier with the biophysical measurements when compared with the dermatological assessment. Occlusion testing is a useful method for assessing the potential effectiveness of protective creams and can be used in a workplace without affecting work practices. TEWL and the Chroma Meter provide useful objective information and should be used in combination with dermatological examinations.
Clinical Method of Photographing the Smaller Blood Vessels and the Circulating Blood in the Bulbar Conjunctiva of Human Subjects
Authors: JØRN DITZEL, RICHARD W. ST. CLAIR
Journal: Circulation (1954)

During a long-term study of the vascular disease of the smaller blood vessels in diabetes mellitus, the conjunctival vessels in more than 1200 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects have been examined. As part of the ideal delineation of these vessels it was found essential to develop a technic to produce highly magnified, wide-field photographs of the smaller blood vessels and of the circulating blood in human subjects. This technic is presented and the possibility of the clinical application is emphasized.
POLYPS OF THE ESOPHAGUS: REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Porter P. Vinson
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Although polyps are apparently the most common type of benign esophageal tumor, there are very few cases on record. The majority of those observed have been single and have not interfered with deglutition. In most instances, they have been found during the course of routine postmortem examination. The case reported here is of unusual interest because the tumors had narrowed the lumen of the esophagus sufficiently to produce mild dysphagia. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A woman, aged 54, examined in the clinic, July 2, 1926, had been married twenty-two years and had never become pregnant. Her husband had died at the age of 46 from valvular heart disease. For fifteen years, the patient had had a burning sensation in the epigastrium one hour after meals; this had been relieved temporarily by chewing gum or taking sodium bicarbonate. About five years before examination, she bad noticed obstruction to solid food
Racial Differences in the Use of Cardiac Catheterization after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jersey Chen, Saif S. Rathore, Martha J. Radford, Yun Wang, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Several studies have reported that black patients are less likely than white patients to undergo cardiac catheterization after acute myocardial infarction. The role of the race of the physician in this pattern is unknown.
Genetics of melanoma predisposition
Authors: J. Lin, T.L. Hocker, M. Singh, H. Tsao
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Genetics of melanoma predisposition Get access J. Lin, J. Lin Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.L. Hocker, T.L. Hocker Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Singh, M. Singh Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Tsao H. Tsao Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School Correspondence: Hensin Tsao. E‐mail: htsao@partners.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 2, 1 August 2008, Pages 286–291, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08682.x Published: 01 August 2008
Malignant transformation of Slp65-deficient pre-B cells involves disruption of the Arf-Mdm2-p53 tumor suppressor pathway
Authors: Van B. T. Ta, Marjolein J. W. de Bruijn, Petra J. ter Brugge, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Hans J. A. Diepstraten, Pieter Fokko van Loo, Rogier Kersseboom, Rudi W. Hendriks
Journal: Blood (2009)
Urinary Indoles in Mental Patients-Reply
Authors: A.R. Krall
Journal: JAMA (1963)

I would like to reply to or concur with Dr. Sprince's comments on our abstract and paper, point by point. One of our initial intentions in repeating Dr. Sprince's studies was to assess the effects of medication on the excretion levels of various indoles. In our abstract we referred to a "high total indole content," particularly in manic depressive subjects. Several of the "indoles" were later found to be Ehrlich-positive derivatives of phenothiazine drugs which the subjects were receiving. In the paper we considered only indoleacetamide (IAM) and 6-hydroxyskatole sulfate (6-HSK). We were very concerned with the difference between our extraction method and Dr. Sprince's. His method takes much longer than ours and is more difficult, albeit much more economical of solvent. We tested his method against ours on several urine samples containing both indoleacetamide and 6-HSK. We obtained identical spot sizes from both samples. We find indoleacetamide
Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex
Authors: ERICH LUDWIG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Androgenetic alopecia in the female occurs much more frequently than is generally believed. The condition is still considered infrequent, for it differs, in its clinical picture and in the sequence of events leading to it, from common baldness in men. To facilitate an early diagnosis (desirable in view of the therapeutic possibilities by means of antiandrogens) a classification of the stages of the common form (female type) of androgenetic alopecia in women is presented. The exceptionally observed male type of androgenetic alopecia can be classified according to Hamilton or to the modification of this classification proposed by Ebling & Rook.
Mechanics of cerebral arterioles in hypertensive rats.
Authors: G L Baumbach, P B Dobrin, M N Hart, D D Heistad
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Chronic hypertension is associated with hypertrophy of cerebral blood vessels. Previous studies of the mechanical properties of cerebral vessels in chronic hypertension have examined large cerebral arteries. The goals of this study were first to develop a method to examine vascular mechanics of cerebral arterioles in vivo and second to determine whether the stiffness of cerebral arterioles is altered in the presence of chronic hypertension. We calculated circumferential stress and strain of pial arterioles in age-matched, anesthetized stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) from measurements of pial arteriolar pressure, inner diameter, and wall thickness. Pial arteriolar pressure was measured with a servonull system. Smooth muscle of pial arterioles was deactivated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and pressure-diameter relations were examined during step-wise reductions in pressure. Prior to deactivation of smooth muscle in 3-4-month-old rats, pial arteriolar pressure was greater in SHRSP than in WKY (110 +/- 4 versus 75 +/- 2 mm Hg [mean +/- SE]; p less than 0.05). Pial arteriolar diameter, which was measured at prevailing levels of pial arteriolar pressure, was less in SHRSP than in WKY (52 +/- 5 versus 63 +/- 3 microns; p less than 0.05). Following deactivation of smooth muscle, diameter of pial arterioles at 70 mm Hg of pial arteriolar pressure was similar in the two groups: 104 +/- 6 microns in SHRSP and 109 +/- 3 microns in WKY (p greater than 0.05). Wall thickness was 4.5 +/- 0.2 microns in SHRSP and 4.1 +/- 0.1 microns in WKY (p greater than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Serial Studies of Immunocompetence of Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Acute Leukemia
Authors: E. M. Hersh, J. U. Gutterman, G. M. Mavligit, K. B. McCredie, M. A. Burgess, A. Matthews, E. J. Freireich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Immunocompetence was followed serially for 1 yr from the onset of treatment in 55 adult patients with acute leukemia. The tests used were delayed hypersensitivity responses to a battery of five recall antigens (dermatophytin, dermatophytin 0, candida, streptokinase-streptodornase, and mumps) and in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin and streptolysin 0. There was a strong correlation between immunocompetence at the start of treatment and a good prognosis; 32/39 patients who subsequently entered remission were initially immunocompetent compared to 4/15 who failed to enter remission. In the complete remission group there was a decline in competence starting from 2 to 5 mo after the onset of treatment. In those who remained in remission for 1 yr, competence recovered at 6 mo and remained vigorous thereafter. In those who relapsed before 1 yr, the decline in competence occurred 1 mo before relapse and competence continued to decline progressively during the 1 yr follow-up period. These studies suggest that therapeutic approaches which restore immunocompetence or prevent its decline will improve both the remission rate and the remission duration of patients with acute leukemia.
Perinatal Mortality and the Organization of Obstetric Services in the Oxford Area in 1962
Authors: M. S. T. Hobbs, E. D. Acheson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

side the area and 46 were born in non-N.H.S. hospitals or nursing-homes within the area.There were 10 perinatal deaths in this group, giving a perinatal mortality rate of 26 per 1,000, which is almost identical to the figure of 25 per 1,000 experienced in the remaining cases.'In view of this and the small numbers involved these 379 cases are also excluded from the remainder of the analysis.The data recorded on the birth and death certificates and maternity records were coded and punched on to eighty-column cards, and a summary card was prepared for each baby, includ- ing material selected from each source document.The analysis was carried out on business machines, supplemented where necessary by amplifying or confirmatory data obtained from the original records.
THE DIFFERENTIATION AND KERATINIZATION OF EPITHELIUM IN VITRO
Authors: Albert Fischer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

The organization, or, according to Drew, differentiation, of epithelial cells grown in vitro is not due to a specific influence of the associated connective tissue. It occurs in all old pure cultures of epithelium, when the tissue fragment becomes thick and suffers from lack of oxygen and nourishment. Under the same circumstances, keratinization occurs in cultures of epithelium.
P194 Prevalence Of Undiagnosed Pre-diabetes And Diabetes In A Uk Cohort Of Young People With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: L. Selby, T. Rootsey, R. Williams, K. Ong, D. McShane
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In children with cystic fibrosis (CF), cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) typically develops from adolescence onwards and coincides with deteriorating lung function. Currently, diagnosis of CFRD is based on WHO oral glucose tolerance test criteria rather than HbA1c (used as part of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus). <h3>Objective</h3> To interrogate a national data set and determine prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in patients not diagnosed with CFRD as based on HbA1c. <h3>Methods</h3> A national CF data set (2007 to 2012) recording annual measurements of height, weight, BMI,%predicted FEV1 and FVC and HbA1c was interrogated. Young people up to the age of 23 years were included. HbA1c values between 5.7–6.5% and &gt;6.5% were used to diagnose pre-diabetes and diabetes respectively in patients not labelled as having CFRD. Prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes and%FEV1 were determined by age group using the first visit values for each individual. <h3>Results</h3> 3759 patients (1627 males, 87.5% with DF508 mutations), median (range) age 14.5 years (4.5–23 years), BMI Z score -0.17 (-5.7 +/- 3.6) were included. Prevalences of known CFRD, pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes are shown in Table 1. In cross sectional analyses adjusted for gender, age, genotype and BMI, FEV1 was inversely associated with HbA1c, B=-5.0 (95% CI -6.0–3.0, p &lt; 0.0001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this large UK data set, an additional 6.6% of CF patients aged 16–23 years would be diagnosed with diabetes based on HbA1c values. Furthermore, the prevalence of undiagnosed pre-diabetes was high across all age groups and associated with lower %FEV1.
Fluconazole Prophylaxis against Fungal Colonization and Infection in Preterm Infants
Authors: David Kaufman, Robert Boyle, Kevin C. Hazen, James T. Patrie, Melinda Robinson, Leigh Goodman Donowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Invasive fungal infection is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We evaluated the efficacy of prophylactic fluconazole in preventing fungal colonization and invasive infection in extremely-low-birth-weight infants.We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial over a 30-month period in 100 preterm infants with birth weights of less than 1000 g. The infants were randomly assigned during the first five days of life to receive either intravenous fluconazole or placebo for six weeks. We obtained weekly surveillance cultures from all patients.The 50 infants randomly assigned to fluconazole and the 50 control infants were similar in terms of birth weight, gestational age at birth, and base-line risk factors for fungal infection. During the six-week treatment period, fungal colonization was documented in 30 infants in the placebo group (60 percent) and 11 infants in the fluconazole group (22 percent; difference in risk, 0.38; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.56; P=0.002). Invasive fungal infection with positive growth of fungal isolates from the blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid developed in 10 infants in the placebo group (20 percent) and none of the infants in the fluconazole group (difference in risk, 0.20; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.36; P=0.008). The sensitivities of the fungal isolates to fluconazole did not change during the study, and no adverse effects of the fluconazole therapy were documented.Prophylactic administration of fluconazole during the first six weeks of life is effective in preventing fungal colonization and invasive fungal infection in infants with birth weights of less than 1000 g.