tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Propranolol After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kyle R. Barbehenn
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The results of the β-Blocker Heart Attack Trial (BHAT) study (1982;247:1707) are ambiguous regarding the duration of effect of propranolol therapy. The use of propranolol substantially reduced mortality in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and, as reported, the beneficial effects were most apparent during the first year of treatment. The question is whether there was any demonstrable effect thereafter. At 12 months, cumulative mortality for patients receiving propranolol was 3.66%, while for those receiving a placebo, it was 5.99%—an absolute difference of 2.3% and a relative difference of 39%. At 30 months, this absolute difference was virtually identical (about 8%<i>v</i>10.3%), while the relative difference necessarily fell to 22%. While the two mortality curves fluctuate somewhat with time, they seem to be essentially parallel beyond the first 12 months. Had the curves continued to diverge as they appeared to up until 16 months, it could be
Interferon lambda 1–3 expression in infants hospitalized for RSV or HRV associated bronchiolitis
Authors: Carla Selvaggi, Alessandra Pierangeli, Marco Fabiani, Lucia Spano, Ambra Nicolai, Paola Papoff, Corrado Moretti, Fabio Midulla, Guido Antonelli, Carolina Scagnolari
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)
Clusters of new tuberculosis cases in North-west London: a survey from three hospitals based on IS6110 RFLP typing
Authors: D. Kumar, N.A. Saunders, J.M. Watson, A.M. Ridley, S. Nicholas, K.F. Barker, R. Wall, Q.N. Karim, S. Barrett, R.C. George, A.C. McCartney
Journal: Journal of Infection (2000)
An outbreak of Trichophyton rubrum infection in a geriatric hospital
Authors: R. D. G. PEACHEY, M. P. ENGLISH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

The investigation of an outbreak of ringworm affecting fourteen female patients in two wards of a geriatric hospital, due to an unusual strain of Trichophyton rubrum, is reported. Most of the affected patients were incontinent and developed skin lesions over the buttocks, the backs of the thighs, or the lumbosacral region.
Abstract 15615: Exercise Intolerance in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction: Central vs Peripheral Determinants
Authors: Muaz Abudiab, Margaret M Redfield, Thomas P Olson, David A Kass, Bruce D Johnson, Barry A Borlaug
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives: To characterize the impact of cardiac and peripheral abnormalities on exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Background: Exercise intolerance is a ...
Crucial functions of the Rap1 effector molecule RAPL in lymphocyte and dendritic cell trafficking
Authors: Koko Katagiri, Noriko Ohnishi, Kenji Kabashima, Tomonori Iyoda, Naoki Takeda, Yoichi Shinkai, Kayo Inaba, Tatsuo Kinashi
Journal: Nature Immunology (2004)
Does Surgery Improve Survival of Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma?: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of 1365 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Pietro Bovolato, Caterina Casadio, Andrea Billè, Francesco Ardissone, Luigi Santambrogio, Giovanni Battista Ratto, Giuseppe Garofalo, Amedeo Vittorio Bedini, Marina Garassino, Luca Porcu, Valter Torri, Ugo Pastorino
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRYPANOSOMA FOUND IN SLEEPING SICKNESS
Authors: A. Castellani
Journal: BMJ (1903)

s' ¶w.t 1431 except that she was quieter, and her temperature rose to o00°.On January 30th she was much better, recognized people, and talked a little quite sensibly, but had no recollection of the last few days' illness.Temperature subnormal.At 2 a.m. on JanuarY 31st she became drowsy, recognized no one, and would not respond to any questions.Her eyes were deviated tp the right and upwards, axes parallel ; she coald look in any direction, and there was no oculo-motor paralysis or nystagmus.but when at rest the eyes assumed the position just noted.The discs were normal.We saw her again in consultation the same afternoon, and noticed that the frontalis muscle over the right eyebrow was more con- tracted than on the left side.Whilst remarking on this, she repeatedly and rapidly put her right hand to her mouth, then suddenly pursed up her lips, and the right angle of the mouth was drawn strongly outwards.Next the right side of the face became contracted by clonic spasms, and the convulsion
Abstract 3532: The effect of B cell depletion on tumor phenotype
Authors: Kohei Wakatsuki, Eric G. Sheu, Francis D. Moore
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction There are past indications that the adaptive immune response of B cells plays a role in tumor development. We examined this issue in vivo by examining the growth of Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) and murine melanoma in B cell knockout (Bcell ko) mice. Methods Cultured LLC or melanoma cells were implanted into hindlimbs of C57BL/6 (B6) and Bcell ko mice. Tumors were measured every 3-4 days, and tissue was harvested for histological examination 2-3 weeks after tumor implantation. Tissues were stained with labeled anti-IgG, -CD4, -CD8, and -CD31 antibody. Results Melanomas in B6 and B cell ko mice enlarged at the same rate. However, tumor growth of LLC was significantly slower in B cell KO mice compared to B6 (p=0.02). Though both tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were identified in B6 mice, tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells but no tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells were seen in B cell KO mice in LLC. Angiogenesis was significantly inhibited in LLC in B cell KO mice. Conclusions The absence of B cells selectively inhibited tumor growth for LLC, and was associated with less tumor angiogenesis and an absence of CD8+ T cells. Blocking this aspect of the B cell response might be useful therapy for selected tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3532. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3532
Combined Erythroid Hypoplasia and Symptomatic Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Joseph R. Bove
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE simultaneous occurrence of pure erythroid hypoplasia and symptomatic hemolytic anemia is sufficiently unusual to justify the case report presented below. In a review of the literature only 2 such cases have been found, and the occurrence of this combination as a manifestation of Hodgkin's disease is apparently unique.Case ReportC.M., a 63-year-old Lithuanian lumberjack, was admitted to the hospital for the 1st time on January 4, 1955, in circulatory collapse. He had apparently been well about 5 months previously, when he noted the gradual onset of weakness, lethargy and generalized body pain. He had sought no medical attention . . .
<b> <i>In Vivo</i> </b> Imaging of HIV Protease Activity in Amplicon Vector-transduced Gliomas
Authors: Khalid Shah, Ching-Hsuan Tung, Chung-Hsun Chang, Eric Slootweg, Terence O’Loughlin, Xandra O. Breakefield, Ralph Weissleder
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

In vivo imaging of endogenously expressed mammalian proteases has been useful for the detection of cancer and preneoplastic lesions, for staging of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and for testing the efficacy of novel protease inhibitors. Here we report on the synthesis of a novel imaging probe that is specific for HIV-1 protease (PR). The probe was designed to be biocompatible, i.v. injectable, and detectable by fluorescence imaging. Human Gli36 glioblastoma cells infected with an human simplex virus amplicon vector expressing HIV-1PR showed specific fluorescence activation, an effect that could be inhibited by the HIV-1PR inhibitor, indinavir. The transfer of the HIV-1PR marker gene could be detected in vivo after intratumoral delivery of the human simplex virus-amplicon vector. These results are the first proof of principle that viral proteases can directly be imaged in vivo. These findings may be directly applicable in using viral protease expression as a transgene marker in tumor therapy and may have implications in testing the efficacy of HIV-1PR inhibitors in vivo.
An open prospective randomised trial to reduce the pain of blood glucose testing: ear versus thumb
Authors: S. D Carley, C. Libetta, B. Flavin, J. Butler, N. Tong, I. Sammy
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The assessment of random blood glucose concentration is one of the most commonly performed procedures in clinical practice.Traditionally, a digit is used-for accessibility and rich blood supply.The digits, however, are very sensitive, resulting in pain for some patients.Previous work showed that sampling from the side of the thumb was less painful than lancet sampling from the finger or from venepuncture at the elbow. 1 During that study the earlobe was suggested as an alternative sample site, as it is also accessible and vascular.We tested the null hypothesis that there would be no difference in pain score between lancet skin puncture sites on the thumb and on the earlobe.
POST-OPERATIVE INTESTINAL PARESIS.
Authors: FREDERICK HOLME WIGGIN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The convalescence of a person at the present time on whom an intra-abdominal operation has been performed is usually so peaceful a period that it is often hard to realize the grave dangers which surround the patient and which are liable suddenly to obtrude themselves and change the scene into a stormy and anxious one. Hence, the post-operative responsibility of the physician is great, for the safety of the patient depends on his ability to quickly recognize and successfully treat these complicating conditions as they arise. Of these complications the most frequent and probably the one least often recognized in its initial stage, when it is readily controlled and a fatal outcome avoided, is that form of intestinal obstruction due to failure of the muscular fibers of the intestines to contract, giving rise to an accumulation of the bowel contents in the paralvzed portions of the gut. <h3>ETIOLOGY.</h3> The trouble
Anyone for tetanus?
Authors: J. G. Howie
Journal: BMJ (1988)

interventions might reduce caesarean sections moderately if not significantly.We will not know how well the project has worked or whether there will be some delayed impact of having merely published the recommendations until early in 1989.What is already clear is that without clearly targeted initiatives the multifaceted causes driving the rate of caesarean section upwards will influence doctors' behaviour far more than continued calls from researchers for a reduced rate.
The Importance of a Coexistent Hepatic Rub and Bruit
Authors: Howard I. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

FRICTION rubs heard over the liver result from inflammation or necrosis.<sup>1,2</sup>Hepatic rubs may occur in metastatic cancer,<sup>3</sup>gonococcal perihepatitis,<sup>4</sup>alcoholic cirrhosis,<sup>1</sup>pyogenic abscess,<sup>1,5</sup>bile duct carcinoma, viral hepatitis, perihepatitis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus, cholecystitis, and tuberculous peritonitis.<sup>1</sup> Hepatic arterial bruits have been reported to occur in malignant hepatoma, metastatic cancer of the liver, and alcoholic hepatitis.<sup>6</sup> We postulated the presence of a hepatic rub and bruit in the same patient would be indicative of a malignant neoplasm in the liver. <h3>Patients and Methods</h3> Approximately 1,000 patients were examined the morning after their admission to general medical wards at the Veterans Administration Hospital and Grady Memorial Hospital during a two-month period. Auscultation was carried out in four quadrants of the abdomen to detect rubs and bruits. Organomegaly was determined by palpation. <h3>Results</h3><h3>Bruits From Large Vessels.—</h3> Four patients without hepatomegaly had systolic
Pure β-ParticleEmitting Stents Inhibit Neointima Formation in Rabbits
Authors: Christoph Hehrlein, Marc Stintz, Ralf Kinscherf, Klaus Schlösser, Ehrhard Huttel, Ludwig Friedrich, Peter Fehsenfeld, Wolfgang Kübler
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Considerable experimental evidence exists that neointimal hyperplasia after angioplasty is inhibited by γ-irradiation of the treated arteries. A β-particle radiation is absorbed in tissue within a shorter distance away from the source than γ-radiation and may be more suitable for localized vessel irradiation. This study outlines a method to implant a β-particle–emitting radioisotope ( 32 P; half-life, 14.3 days) into metallic stents. The effects of these stents on the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia was compared with conventional stents in a rabbit model. Methods and Results 32 P was produced by irradiation of red amorphous phophorus ( 31 P) with neutrons and was implanted into Palmaz-Schatz stents (7.5 mm in length) after being kept apart from 31 P in a mass separator. The radioisotope was tightly fixed to the stents, and the ion implantation process did not alter the surface texture. Stent activity levels of 4 and 13 μCi were chosen for the study. Four and 12 weeks after placement of conventional stents and 32 P-implanted stents in rabbit iliac arteries, vascular injury and neointima formation were studied by histomorphometry. Immunostaining for smooth muscle cell (SMC) α-actin was performed to determine SMC cellularity in the neointima. SMCs were quantified by computer-assisted counting of α-actin immunoreactive cells. Endothelialization of the stents was evaluated by immunostaining for endothelial cell von Willebrand factor. No difference in vessel wall injury was found after placement of conventional and 32 P-implanted stents. Neointima formation was potently inhibited by 32 P-implanted stents only at an activity level of 13 μCi after 4 and 12 weeks. Neointimal SMC cellularity was reduced in 32 P-implanted stents compared with conventional stents. Radioactive stents were endothelialized after 4 weeks, but endothelialization was less dense than in conventional stents. Conclusions Neointima formation in rabbits is markedly suppressed by a β-particle–emitting stent incorporating the radioisotope 32 P. In this model, a dose-response relation with this type of radioactive stent was observed, indicating that a threshold radiation dose must be delivered to inhibit neointima formation after stent placement over the long term.
INFLUENZA AT NAVY BASE HOSPITAL IN FRANCE
Authors: A. W. HEWLETT
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The present epidemic of a disease which in its clinical aspects resembles influenza is the most extensive of its kind since the great pandemic of 1889-1890. For several months frequent references have been made in foreign newspapers and medical journals to the prevalence of this epidemic in Spain, France, Switzerland, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland. On the western front both armies seem to have been sufferers. As an example of its military importance, 1,439 cases occurred in a military camp within three weeks,<sup>1</sup>and this appears to have been no very unusual record. Concerning the infectious cause of the present influenza epidemic there is no unanimity of opinion. The Pfeiffer influenza bacillus has been isolated from a varying proportion of patients; but many observers have failed to find this organism with any regularity.<sup>2</sup>It is quite possible, indeed, that this organism is not responsible either for the present
Comparative clinical study of pulsatile and non-pulsatile perfusion in 350 consecutive patients.
Authors: K M Taylor, W H Bain, K G Davidson, M A Turner
Journal: Thorax (1982)

Pulsatile perfusion has been shown to offer significant haemodynamic advantages over non-pulsatile perfusion in many experimental studies. Clinical acceptance of pulsatile perfusion during cardiac surgical procedures has, however, been hampered by the lack of technologically satisfactory pulsatile pump systems, and by inadequate clinical experience of routine use of pulsatile perfusion. The recent introduction of reliable pulsatile pump systems with low haemolysis characteristics has made possible the clinical validation of the previous experimental studies. We describe the results of a prospective study of mortality, haemodynamic morbidity, and haematological status, in 350 consecutive adult patients submitted to cardiopulmonary bypass procedures in a surgical unit over a 12-month period. One hundred and seventy five patients were perfused with conventional non-pulsatile flow and 175 with pulsatile flow, using a modified roller-pump pulsatile system (Cobe-Stockert). The groups were closely similar in terms of preoperative characteristics, referral category, and pathology requiring surgery. Operative techniques, bypass parameters, and anaesthetic regime were standardised in both groups. The results were as follows. (1) Total mortality was significantly lower in the pulsatile group (4.6%) compared with the non-pulsatile group (10.3%), p = 0.06. (2) The incidence of deaths attributable to post-perfusion low cardiac output was significantly lower in the pulsatile group (1.1% compared with 6.3%, p = 0.02). (3) Requirement for mechanical (intra-aortic balloon) or drug circulatory support was significantly lower in the pulsatile group. (4) The use of pulsatile perfusion was not associated with any increase in haemolysis, blood cell depletion, or postoperative bleeding problems.
H-2-LINKED IMMUNE RESPONSE (Ir) GENES
Authors: R. Lieberman, W. E. Paul, W. Humphrey, J. H. Stimpfling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

Two H-2-linked autosomal dominant immune response (Ir) genes Ir-IgG and Ir-IgA were demonstrated to be at separate loci. Ir-IgG controls the immune response to IgG (gamma2a) myeloma proteins and Ir-IgA the immune response to IgA meyloma proteins. Both genes are associated with the H-2K region specificities of the H-2 chromosome, specifically Ir-IgG with H-2(b) and Ir-IgA with H-2(a). Different recombinants derived from H-2(a)/H-2(b) crossovers were examined for their immune responsiveness to BALB/c IgG (gamma2a) and IgA myeloma proteins. B10 (H-2(b)) parental type responded only to IgG; B10.A (H-2(a)) responded only to IgA. All the recombinants except for B10.A (4R) responded to either IgG or IgA. B10.A (4R), however, responded to both IgG and IgA. This indicated that the crossover event giving rise to B10.A (4R) occurred between the Ir-IgG and Ir-IgA loci.
1280 NAFLD/NASH: MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING? A 25 YRS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A COHORT OF DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: D. CAROLI, P. Del Bianco, A. Nogara, E. Rosa-Rizzotto, L. Peraro, S. Lobello, F. De Lazzari, C. Maraffin, G. Cavallarin, S. De Boni, M. Della Loggia, S. Zanoni, A. Boscolo Bariga
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Pharmacological evaluation of early afterdepolarisations induced by sea anemone toxin (ATXII) in dog heart
Authors: M. Boutjdir, N. El-Sherif
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — ATXII is a polypeptide toxin isolated from the sea anemone, Anemonia sulcata, known to delay sodium inactivation markedly and to induce early afterdepolarisations. The aim was to investigate the mechanism of its action. Design and materials — The mechanism of ATXII induced early afterdepolarisations was investigated in vitro in canine endocardial preparations using standard microelectrode techniques. Measurements and main results — ATXII (2 × 10−7 M) induced cycle length dependent prolongation of plateau, more marked in Purkinje than in muscle fibres, and early afterdepolarisations in Purkinje fibres only. The calcium channel antagonists verapamil (10−6 M, 10−5 M) and cobalt (2-4 mM), and drugs that block calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, ryanodine (10−6 M, 10−5 M) and caffeine (10 mM), did not antagonise the ATXII effects. However, tetrodotoxin (5 × 10−6 M) and lignocaine (4 × 10−5 M) shortened the action potential and suppressed early afterdepolarisations. The effects of lignocaine were seen at concentrations that did not significantly affect Vmax. Conclusions — ATXII induced early after depolarisations are due to the effects of ATXII on Na+ entry, probably via a slowly inactivated Na+ channel population. Calcium entry through the sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels and cyclic Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum are not required for the genesis of early afterdepolarisations in this model.
Studies on debrisoquine sulphate.
Authors: A. H. Kitchin, R. W. Turner
Journal: BMJ (1966)

With regard to the assessment of new preparations, hospitals with facilities for clinical research can usually tell from a pilot trial on an adequate number of patients whether a new prepara- tion is likely to prove an advance and whether trials on a larger scale are warranted.In our experience guanethidine was a distinct advance over previous preparations, but, nevertheless, tolerance in a few patients and side-effects in many necessitated the giving of adjuvants or antidotes in about half the cases.Only 60% of patients treated for more than two years maintained a good or fair result.It was concluded that, although guanethidine, particularly in combination with an oral diuretic, was better than previously available drugs for the long-term treatment of hypertension, it had a number of disadvantages (Lowther and Turner, 1963).Methyldopa proved to be equally effective as regards reduc- tion of blood-pressure.On the whole, side-effects were fewer and less unpleasant, but some patients were completely intolerant of side-effects ; others felt generally unwell, and most experienced unpleasant symptoms in some degree (Johnson, Kitchin, Lowther and Turner, 1966).Some patients therefore preferred methyldopa and others guanethidine, but neither preparation was entirely satisfactory.Consequently we agreed to carry out a pilot trial with a new and more promising drug with an action reputed to be similar to that of guanethidine.Debrisoquine sulphate (Declinax) was originally synthesized in 1961, and is a colourless, crystalline, water-soluble substance.
Yellow Fever Etiology.
Authors: George M. Sternberg
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Washington, D. C., Oct. 8, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In Surgeon Wasdin's paper, published inThe Journal, Oct. 6, 1900, p. 807, he says: During my experimental work we were honored by a visit, at our laboratory in Havana, from Dr. Sternberg, who said to me, while passing through our animal room, that the strongest argument against the acceptance of the specificity of any one of the organisms advanced as the cause of yellow fever, was the fact that no one of them, during experiments in laboratory, had ever communicated this disease by natural infection to the animals of those laboratories; and he asserted that, whenever such infections should occur, the lesions being characteristic, and the organism recovered, he would accept that organism thus demonstrated as the cause of yellow fever, and such demonstration as the proof of its specificity. I think that Dr. Wasdin must have misunderstood me. My
The WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes: 1. General Description
Authors: R J Jarrett, H Keen, V Grabauskas
Journal: Diabetes Care (1979)

A general description of the multinational study under the auspices of the World Health Organization is presented. The purpose was to compare the prevalence of vascular disease in representative samples of diabetic subjects of different ethnic and cultural habitus. Standardized methods of investigation were devised. Fourteen centers participated, and the data collected so far indicate that the characteristics of the populations studied varied as to age composition, adiposity, cigarette smoking, treatment, age at diagnosis, and duration of diabetes. Thus, taking these factors into consideration and while awaiting completion of the data, conclusions must be drawn with reserve.