tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P6-06-19: Impact of hospital surgical volume on breast cancer mortality: A population based study in the Netherlands
Authors: S Siesling, VCG Tjan-Heijnen, M de Roos, YEM Snel, T van Dalen, MW Wouters, H Struikmans, JH Maduro, KJM van der Hoeven, O Visser
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: For some low-volume tumour types hospital surgical volume is associated with better survival. For breast cancer there is still much debate. The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the yearly surgical hospital volume determines the mortality in invasive non-metastatic breast cancer patients. Method: Women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer in the period 2001-2005 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Hospitals were grouped by their annual volume of surgery for invasive breast cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were performed including all patients with primary non-metastatic breast cancer who underwent breast surgery. Gender, age at diagnosis, morphology, grade, size (pT), number of positive lymph nodes, year of diagnosis and socio economic status (SES) were included as covariates. Follow-up was complete until the 1th of February 2013. Results: In total 58.982 patients with invasive non-metastatic breast cancer were diagnosed during the period 2001-2005. Hospitals were grouped by volume of surgery: less than 75 (n = 19), 76-100 (n = 30), 101-150 (n = 29), 150-199 (n = 9) and 200 or more (n = 14) surgeries per year. Non-metastatic patients had a 8% higher risk of death in a low volume hospitals than a hospital with &amp;gt;200 surgeries per year (HR 1.08, 95%CI 1.02-1.14). Cox regression multivariable analyses: the relation of the number of surgical treated invasive breast cancer per hospital per year and the mortality of patients with non-metastatic breast cancer in the Netherlands, 2001-2005Variable HR95%CINumber of operated invasive breast cancers per yearmore than 200reference 150-1991.030.98-1.09 100-1491.010.97-1.05 75-991.040.99-1.08 less than 751.081.02-1.14Corrected for age, gender, morphology, grade, pT, number of positive lymph nodes, year of diagnosis, socioeconomic status Patient and tumour characteristics like age (HR 1.05, 95%CI 1.05-1.05) and SES (lowest vs highest; HR 1.12, 95%CI 1.07-1.16), grade (low vs high, HR 1.72, 95%CI 1.63-1.82), tumour size (1-2 cm vs 2-5 cm; HR 1.46, 95%CI 1.40-1.51), and a higher number of positive lymph nodes (0 vs 1-3; HR 1.40, 95%CI 1.34-1.46 and 0 vs &amp;gt;10; HR 3.19, 95%CI 3.00-3.39) influenced death to a larger extend than surgical volume. Conclusion: In the Netherlands, surgical hospital volume influences risk of death marginally, and far less than patient and tumour characteristics. No differences in mortality between hospitals with a surgical volume of more than 75 were revealed for invasive non-metastatic breast cancer patients compared to hospitals with more than 200 operations. Over the more recent period of 2007-2012, only 3 hospitals had less than 75 operations on average per year, resulting in an even more comparable mortality between hospitals in future. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-06-19.
Tuberculin testing in residential homes for the elderly.
Authors: M Nisar, C S Williams, D Ashby, P D Davies
Journal: Thorax (1993)

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To determine the prognostic role of late auditory (N100) and cognitive evoked potentials (MMN) for awakening in a cohort of comatose patients categorized by etiology. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The authors prospectively studied a series of 346 comatose patients. Coma was caused by stroke (n = 125), trauma (n = 96), anoxia (n = 64), complications of neurosurgery (n = 54), and encephalitis (n = 7). Patients were followed for 12 months and classified as awake or unawake. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using regression logistic and Cox models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pupillary light reflex, N100, middle-latency auditory evoked potentials, age, and etiology were the most discriminating factors for awakening. Statistical analysis showed that pupillary reflex was the strongest prognostic variable for awakening (estimated probability 79.7%). The estimated probability of awakening rose to 87% when N100 was present and to 89.9% when middle-latency evoked potentials (MLAEPs) were present. It was 13.7% when pupillary reflex was absent in anoxic patients. When MMN was present, 88.6% of patients awakened. No patient in whom MMN was present became permanently vegetative. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Pupillary reflex is the strongest prognostic variable, followed by N100 and MLAEPs allowing a reliable model for awakening. The presence of MMN is a predictor of awakening and precludes comatose patients from moving to a permanent vegetative state. Evaluation of primary sensory cortex and higher-order processes by middle-latency-, late, and cognitive evoked potentials should be performed in the prognosis for awakening in comatose patients.
Increased gene expression of water channel in cirrhotic rat kidneys
Authors: Yasuhiro Asahina, Namiki Izumi, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Sei Sasaki, Kiyohide Fushimi, Fumiaki Marumo, Chifumi Sato
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In patients with liver cirrhosis, impaired water and sodium excretion has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of ascites formation. Increased reabsorption of water in the distal nephron has been shown to play an important role in water retention in cirrhotic rat kidneys. Recently, a complementary DNA (cDNA) for the vasopressin-regulated water channel (the aquaporin of the apical membrane of the kidney collecting duct [AQP-CD]) has been cloned. It is suggested that AQP-CD plays an important role in renal water handling. Therefore, in the present study, to investigate the pathogenic role of the water channel in water retention in liver cirrhosis, gene expression of AQP-CD in the kidney was evaluated in cirrhotic rats. Liver cirrhosis was induced by an intraperitoneal administration of carbon tetrachloride twice a week for 12 weeks in 14 rats. Messenger RNA expression of AQP-CD in whole kidney homogenates determined by Northern blot hybridization was significantly increased in cirrhotic rats (147%; P < .01) and dehydrated rats (206%; P < .0001) compared with control rats. Protein expression of AQP-CD in the homogenates of kidney medulla determined by Western blot analysis was significantly increased in cirrhotic rats (203%; P < .03) compared with control rats. Furthermore, mRNA expression of AQP-CD in the kidney showed a significant correlation with the volume of ascites in cirrhotic rats (r = .62, P < .02). No significant difference was observed in water intake, urinary volume, serum osmolality, serum sodium, and creatinine clearance between control and cirrhotic rats, suggesting that dehydration was unlikely in cirrhotic rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Computer system boosts accuracy of cervical testing
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A computer assisted system for screening cervical smears could be in place in the United Kingdom by the end of year, after a large trial showed that it could provide a more accurate and speedier service than conventional screening methods (Lancet 1999;253:1382-5).

The study found that the interactive automated system, known as PAPNET, was at least as accurate as the conventional method of …
Ethnic differences of polymorphism of an immunoglobulin VH3 gene.
Authors: E H Sasso, J H Buckner, L A Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The VH26 germline gene occupies two different loci, due to gene duplication, and is one of the most frequently expressed human immunoglobulin VH genes. This report identifies the alleles of each VH26 locus and describes distinct patterns of VH26 polymorphism in three ethnic groups. Oligonucleotide probes targeting VH26 were used in sequence-specific RFLP analysis of DNA from 72 Caucasians, 52 Asians, 35 American Blacks, and members of six families. The A locus, on a 7.0-kb TaqI band, was detected in 89% of Caucasians, 75% of Asians, and 26% of Blacks (chi2 = P < 0.0005). The B locus, detected on a 5.0-kb band in nearly all subjects, was found to have additional alleles occurring at 6.8 kb in 10% of Asians and 3% of Blacks (chi2 = 7.8, P < 0.02) and at 3.7 kb in 1.4% of Caucasians, 21% of Asians, and (9% of Blacks (chi2 = 13.8, P < 0.001). In Asians, only, the 3.7-kb hybridization band represented a multiple-duplication unit containing three or four gene copies. Duplications of other VH26 alleles, and mull alleles of the B locus, were also seen. An exact VH26 sequence was cloned from the 5.0-kb allele and likely exists in the 7.0- and 6.8-kb alleles. A novel sequence cloned from the 3.7-kb allele differed from VH26 by nine nucleotides and appears to have evolved by gene conversion in CDR2. The total diploid gene dose of the A and B loci ranged from one to as many as six copies of VH26-containing genes, and from zero to as many as six to eight copies of the 3.7-kb allele. We conclude that ethnic differences in polymorphism exist at both VH26 loci. These differences could influence VH26 expression because they involve variations in gene copy number and coding region sequence.
Perioperative Blood Transfusion and Radical Cystectomy: Does Timing of Transfusion Affect Bladder Cancer Mortality?
Authors: E. Jason Abel, Brian J. Linder, Tyler M. Bauman, Rebecca M. Bauer, R. Houston Thompson, Prabin Thapa, Octavia N. Devon, Robert F. Tarrell, Igor Frank, David F. Jarrard, Tracy M. Downs, Stephen A. Boorjian
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Clinical History as a Screening Test for Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Andrei Calin
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A controlled study of 138 subjects demonstrated that the clinical history may be sensitive (95%) and specific (85%) in the differential diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis when reliance on five specific historic features is made. Back pain that is insidious in onset, in a patient younger than 40 years, persisting for at least three months, associated with morning stiffness and improving with exercise is characteristic of inflammatory spinal disease. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2613-2614, 1977)
Computer-assisted medical decision-making: interest growing
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1982)

"C omputers can never replace physicians. Only physicians have the ability to reason logically and to mix that reason with intuition, experience, and ethics—something no machine can ever learn to do." Or so many physicians have been telling people proposing computer-assisted medical decision making (CMD) since the early 1960s, and controversy has continued. But now it looks like the two sides are nearing agreement: Computers may never replace physicians, but they can and will assist their decisions. "Assist" is the key word in CMD. Early advocates tended to overestimate the powers of the computer and promised complete clinical evaluation at the push of a button. It was natural for physicians to feel somewhat threatened. It was also natural that, with experience, such promises had to be modified. Today there still are only several functioning knowledge-based decision systems—called "knowledge-based" because they make inferences using a data base of medical information stored
Subendocardial resection for ventricular tachycardia: predictors of surgical success.
Authors: J M Miller, M G Kienzle, A H Harken, M E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We retrospectively evaluated the first 100 patients who underwent mapping-guided subendocardial resection (SER) at our hospital for drug-refractory sustained ventricular tachycardia caused by coronary artery disease. There were 91 survivors of surgery with 200 morphologically distinct types of ventricular tachycardia. Eighty-three patients (91%) were cured of ventricular tachycardia by SER alone (60 patients or 66%) or by SER in combination with antiarrhythmic drug therapy (23 patients or 25%) (mean follow-up, 28 +/- 19 months). There were four late sudden deaths and four patients continued to have rare episodes of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia after surgery despite receiving antiarrhythmic drugs. Factors associated with failure of SER alone to cure ventricular tachycardia were presence of disparate sites of ventricular tachycardia origin (greater than 5 cm between mapped sites of origin; 64% vs 30% failure rate) and presence of multiple morphologically distinct spontaneous tachycardias (47% vs 25% failure rate). A log-linear model of multivariate analysis identified disparate sites of origin of ventricular tachycardia and the absence of a discrete left ventricular aneurysm as the only independent variables associated with failure of surgery alone. Inferior wall site of origin (41% vs 12% failure) and right bundle branch block morphology of ventricular tachycardia (20% vs 7% failure) were also significantly associated with failure of surgery to cure ventricular tachycardia. Mapping-guided SER is a highly effective mode of treatment for drug-refractory ventricular tachycardia, despite the existence of subgroups of patients with higher-than-average surgical failure rates.
Inhibition of cortical collecting tubule chloride transport by organic acids.
Authors: K Matsuzaki, J B Stokes, V L Schuster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Cl self-exchange by the rabbit cortical collecting tubule (CCT) occurs via an apical anion exchanger in series with a basolateral Cl conductance. We studied the effects of organic acids on CCT Cl self-exchange. We found no evidence for transport of acid anions by the self-exchange system. Rather, Cl self-exchange was inhibited by a variety of organic acids. The degree of inhibition correlated with the chloroform/water partition coefficient and was enhanced by lowering pH, indicating inhibition by the lipid-soluble, protonated species. Inhibition by the representative acid iso-butyrate was dose-dependent and showed sidedness (basolateral greater than apical). Iso-butyrate also reversibly reduced transepithelial conductance without altering K permeability, suggesting inhibition of the principal cell basolateral Cl conductance. Because small organic compounds with similar lipid solubilities but no carboxyl group had no effect, both the carboxyl group and the lipid-solubility of organic acids appear to be important. The results are consistent with blockade of chloride channels by organic acids.
Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Node Analysis: Current Concepts and Applications
Authors: S. L. Chen, D. M. Iddings, R. P. Scheri, A. J. Bilchik
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2006)

Since the introduction of sentinel node biopsy in 1990 as a minimally invasive surgical technique for the diagnosis of melanoma lymphatic metastases, the number of applications has expanded. We review applications and the current status of sentinel node biopsy in melanoma, breast, colon, gastric, esophageal, head and neck, thyroid, and lung cancer. Variations on techniques specific to each organ are explained, and the current role of sentinel node biopsy in diagnosis and treatment is discussed.
Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: MODESTINO G. CRISCITIELLO, JAMES A. RONAN, EDWIN M. M. BESTERMAN, WILLIAM SCHOENWETTER
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Three adults with osteogenesis imperfecta and associated cardiovascular lesions are reported. Two presented with aortic insufficiency due to dilatation of the aortic root for which none of the usual causes is apparent. The third patient was found to have lesions involving pulmonary, aortic, and mitral valves in addition to microscopic changes in the pulmonary artery and aorta. It is suggested that in osteogenesis imperfecta, as in other heritable disorders of connective tissue, cardiovascular defects may become apparent after the passage of time and play a dominant role in the natural history of the disease process.
Immunoelectron microscopic demonstration of fibronectin in rheumatoid pannus and at the cartilage-pannus junction.
Authors: S Shiozawa, M Ziff
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

The presence of fibronectin (Fn) in rheumatoid pannus was investigated by an immunoelectron microscopic method using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibody to stain Fn. Large amounts of Fn were demonstrated in the interstitial collagenous tissue of invasive rheumatoid pannus. Fn was also observed on the surface of both fibroblast-like and macrophage-like pannus cells, suggesting that it was secreted by these cells and that the secreted Fn might facilitate the spreading of the pannus cells over the cartilage matrix. However, decreased amounts of Fn were observed in areas of contact between pannus cells and the cartilage matrix. The reduction in the amount of Fn demonstrable at the cartilage-pannus junction may be a consequence either of proteolysis of Fn by enzymes secreted at the junction, inhibition of Fn synthesis in cells in contact with cartilage matrix, or transfer of Fn from the pannus cell surface to collagen of the cartilage matrix.
Perioperative Maintenance of Normal Temperature
Authors: Paul M. Kempen
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —Dr Frank and colleagues ' attempted to determine the specific value of perioperative forced-air warming on patient outcome. However, failure to randomize surgeons and failure to control for and report several important variables, 2 such as preoperative total body thermal baselines, intraoperative core temperature changes, administration of vasodilator or vasoconstrictor drugs, patient body fat content, and patient weight—to—surface area ratios significantly weaken the results.  Peripheral prewarming significantly changes postinduction core temperature decline, as 81% of the typical 1.6°C first-hour temperature decline is ascribed to redistribution rather than actual loss of body heat, necessitating specific considerations beyond simple initial core temperature. The core temperature of warmed patients will decline identically to that of unwarmed patients during the first hour despite forced-air warming. The duration and course of intraoperative forced-air warming therapy clearly are important as significant effects are demonstrated only after 90 to 120 minutes. Further, core temperature declines with application
239 EVIDENCE FOR AN LKB1/AMPK/ENOS CASCADE REGULATED BY HGF, S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE, AND NO IN HEPATOCYTE PROLIFERATION
Authors: N. Embade, M. Vazquez, M. Varela-Rey, N. Martinez, D. Fernandez, L. Gomez, S. Lamas, S. Lu, J.M. Mato, M.L. Martinez-Chantar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
TCT-463 Does Routine Post-Procedural Anticoagulation Reduce Acute Stent Thrombosis after Bivalirudin Anticoagulation During Primary PCI? The HORIZONS-AMI Trial
Authors: Mahesh V. Madhavan, George Dangas, Philippe Genereux, Ke Xu, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Puerperal Infection in Private Practice.
Authors: E. Gard Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1902)

So. Norridgewock, Maine, April 29, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your issue of April 19, you voice the sentiment, editorially, that the "mortality, in private practice, from puerperal sepsis is greater to-day than in the pre-aseptic period." It seems to me that this statement is altogether too sweeping in its nature, and that a careful investigation will not bear out the allegation. For one, I can say that in five years in this field of 1800 people, with three practitioners, neither better nor worse than the average country doctor, there have been no deaths from puerperal sepsis, nor from any diseases that might have resulted from even a slight sepsis. I am very much inclined to think that Dr. Wiggin's statement and your editorial comment are overdrawn.
Augmentation of pulmonary host defense against Pseudomonas by FcγRIIA cDNA transfer to the respiratory epithelium
Authors: Stefan Worgall, Petr Bezdicek, Moo-Kyung Kim, Jong-Gu Park, Ravi Singh, Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou, Alice Prince, Imre Kovesdi, Alan D. Schreiber, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Fcγ receptors on the surface of phagocytic cells bind the Fc region of IgG and mediate binding, phagocytosis, and destruction of particulate antigens opsonized by the antigen-specific IgG molecule. The present study evaluates the feasibility of converting lung epithelial cells into phagocytic cells using adenovirus (Ad) vector–mediated gene transfer of FcγRIIA cDNA to induce expression of the human FcγRIIA receptor. Binding and phagocytosis of opsonized sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) by the A549 human lung epithelial cell line after Ad-mediated FcγRIIA gene transfer was demonstrated using light and fluorescence microscopy and phagocytic assays with 51Cr-labeled SRBCs. When A549 cells were infected with an Ad vector expressing a FcγRIIA mutant in which 2 of 3 cytoplasmic tyrosines have been replaced with phenylalanine, only binding, but not phagocytosis, of opsonized SRBCs was observed. In vivo expression of FcγRIIA in the lung after intratracheal administration of the AdFcγRIIA enhanced clearance of opsonized Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the lung in normal rats and in mice deficient in Fcγ receptor expression. Similar results were observed with a chimeric FcγRIIA construct containing the extracellular domain of FcγRIIIA. Together, these data demonstrate that Ad-mediated FcγRIIA receptor cDNA expression can mediate the binding and phagocytosis of opsonized particulate antigens by normally nonphagocytic cells, suggesting that gene-transfer strategies might be used to utilize nonphagocytic cells to clear bacteria or other opsonized particulate antigens from the respiratory tract.
Cancer Statistics, 2008
Authors: A. Jemal, R. Siegel, E. Ward, Y. Hao, J. Xu, T. Murray, M. J. Thun
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2008)

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,437,180 new cancer cases and 565,650 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2008. Notable trends in cancer incidence and mortality include stabilization of incidence rates for all cancer sites combined in men from 1995 through 2004 and in women from 1999 through 2004 and a continued decrease in the cancer death rate since 1990 in men and since 1991 in women. Overall cancer death rates in 2004 compared with 1990 in men and 1991 in women decreased by 18.4% and 10.5%, respectively, resulting in the avoidance of over a half million deaths from cancer during this time interval. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, education, geographic area, and calendar year, as well as the proportionate contribution of selected sites to the overall trends. Although much progress has been made in reducing mortality rates, stabilizing incidence rates, and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons under age 85 years. Further progress can be accelerated by supporting new discoveries and by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
L-thyroxine therapy attenuates the decline in serum triiodothyronine in nonthyroidal illness induced by hysterectomy
Authors: Helen J Karga, Peter D Papapetrou, Sakellaris E Karpathios, Fotini E Papandroulaki, Constantinos N Tsompos, Garyphallia P Papaioannou, Kyriakos P Aloumanis, Panayotis L Papaioannou
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Unusual viral infections (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and cytomegalovirus disease) after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous blood stem cell rescue and peritransplantation rituximab
Authors: Stuart L. Goldberg, Andrew L. Pecora, Robert S. Alter, Mark S. Kroll, Scott D. Rowley, Stanley E. Waintraub, Kavita Imrit, Robert A. Preti
Journal: Blood (2002)