tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute chest pain caused by pericardial fat necrosis
Authors: D. A. F. van den Heuvel, H. W. van Es, G. A. Cirkel, W. J. W. Bos
Journal: Thorax (2010)

A 55-year-old woman presented at the emergency department with acute pleuritic chest pain. The pain was located on the left side of the sternum. Her relevant medical history revealed gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Physical examination, laboratory investigations and a plain chest radiograph were normal. The patient was thought to be suffering from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and was treated with antacids. After …
Fine Particulate Matter Constituents and Cardiopulmonary Mortality in a Heavily Polluted Chinese City
Authors: Junji Cao, Hongmei Xu, Qun Xu, Bingheng Chen, Haidong Kan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Although ambient fine particulate matter (PM(2.5); particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) has been linked to adverse human health effects, the chemical constituents that cause harm are unknown. To our knowledge, the health effects of PM(2.5) constituents have not been reported for a developing country.We examined the short-term association between PM(2.5) constituents and daily mortality in Xi'an, a heavily polluted Chinese city.We obtained daily mortality data and daily concentrations of PM(2.5), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and 10 water-soluble ions for 1 January 2004 through 31 December 2008. We also measured concentrations of fifteen elements 1 January 2006 through 31 December 2008. We analyzed the data using overdispersed generalized linear Poisson models.During the study period, the mean daily average concentration of PM(2.5) in Xi'an was 182.2 µg/m³. Major contributors to PM(2.5) mass included OC, EC, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium. After adjustment for PM(2.5) mass, we found significant positive associations of total, cardiovascular, or respiratory mortality with OC, EC, ammonium, nitrate, chlorine ion, chlorine, and nickel for at least one lag period. Nitrate demonstrated stronger associations with total and cardiovascular mortality than PM(2.5) mass. For a 1-day lag, interquartile range increases in PM(2.5) mass and nitrate (114.9 and 15.4 µg/m³, respectively) were associated with 1.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8%, 2.8%] and 3.8% (95% CI: 1.7%, 5.9%) increases in total mortality.Our findings suggest that PM(2.5) constituents from the combustion of fossil fuel may have an appreciable influence on the health effects attributable to PM(2.5) in Xi'an.
Abstract 2798: Cytotoxic and cystostatic properties of rapamycin are due to differential effects on the phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates S6 kinase and 4E-BP1
Authors: Paige Yellen, Amrita Chatterjee, Mahesh Saqcena, Darin Salloum, Angela Preda, Vanessa Rodrik-Outmezguine, Jiangnan Feng, Limei Xu, David A. Foster
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been widely implicated in signals that promote cell cycle progression and survival in cancer cells. Rapamycin, which inhibits mTOR with high specificity, has consequently attracted much attention as an anti-cancer therapy. Used clinically at nano-molar concentrations, rapamycin suppresses phosphorylation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) substrate S6 kinase and has been considered a cytostatic drug. However, we have reported that higher (micro-molar) doses are required for complete cell cycle arrest. Such high doses suppress phosphorylation of another mTORC1 substrate, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein-1 (4E-BP1). In this state, eIF4E is sequestered and unable to facilitate mRNA translation. Dual ablation of S6 kinase and eIF4e resulted in a larger increase in G1 content than by ablation of S6 kinase alone. This confirmed the complete cytostatic effect of high-dose rapamycin. We also demonstrated that the differential dose effects of rapamycin correlate with partial and complete dissociation of Raptor from mTORC1 at low and high doses, respectively. Therefore, high-dose rapamycin ensures complete non-functionality of mTORC1. Interestingly, in the absence of serum, high dose rapamycin induces apoptosis and dual inhibition of S6 kinase and eIF4e does not prevent it. We have established that the differential cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of rapamycin are due to intact TGFb signaling. In serum, TGFb is activated upon low dose rapamycin (suppression of of S6 kinase phosphorylation). The lack of TGFb in the absence of serum allows cells to progress through the cell cycle; at high rapamycin doses, the inactivity of eIF4e results in cell death. This study reveals the mechanism for both cytostatic and cytotoxic properties of rapmaycin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2798. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2798
Patient access to records must be acceptable to both parties
Authors: R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Mandl et al think that patients should be able to annotate and challenge interpretations in their records, but in her commentary MacDonald says that this would have British doctors reeling in horror.1

The utility of patients auditing and being able to correct their computer held records has been shown in several studies, including studies of administrative records in hospital2 and problem and drug lists in diabetes outpatient clinics3 and general practice.4 In one study in general …
Dialysis and Transplantation in End-Stage Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Morris Ziff, J. Harold Helderman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Physicians who treat patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have long been aware that in those who reach a stage of advanced azotemia, remission of the nonrenal features of the illness and improvement in the serologic abnormalities frequently occur. Antinative DNA titers become negative, complement levels rise to normal, and antinuclear-antibody titers decrease.1 In this issue of the Journal Coplon et al. report that only 3 of their 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and end-stage renal disease had evidence of continuing lupus activity and even then only in the form of mild arthralgia.When placed on maintenance hemodialysis, patients with . . .
Orthostatic Hypotension and Pernicious Anemia
Authors: William B. White
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Johnson<sup>1</sup>described a "second case" of reversible orthostatic hypotension of pernicious anemia in a recent issue ofThe JOURNAL. While we were cited in his report as the authors of a similar report<sup>2</sup>of what was considered to be an index case of this syndrome, I want to give credit where credit is due. The first case of orthostatic hypotension associated with pernicious anemia in which there was recovery following vitamin B<sub>12</sub>therapy was published in<i>JAMA</i>by Kalbfleisch and Woods<sup>3</sup>in 1962. In this particular case, the patient was quite ill and was hospitalized for almost four months. There was clearly a response to vitamin B<sub>12</sub>therapy by the second week of hospitalization. The patient was not rechallenged, but this was a well-documented association between orthostatic hypotension, pernicious anemia, and improvement with replacement vitamin B<sub>12</sub>therapy. Fortunately, all three
Mycobacterium terrae isolated from indoor air of a moisture-damaged building induces sustained biphasic inflammatory response in mouse lungs.
Authors: Juha Jussila, Hannu Komulainen, Kati Huttunen, Marjut Roponen, Eila Iivanainen, Pirjo Torkko, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jukka Pelkonen, Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Occupants in moisture-damaged buildings suffer frequently from respiratory symptoms. This may be partly due to the presence of abnormal microbial growth or the altered microbial flora in the damaged buildings. However, the specific effects of the microbes on respiratory health and the way they provoke clinical manifestations are poorly understood. In the present study, we exposed mice via intratracheal instillation to a single dose of Mycobacterium terrae isolated from the indoor air of a moisture-damaged building (1 X 10(7), 5 X 10(7), or 1 X 10(8) microbes). Inflammation and toxicity in lungs were evaluated 2 hr later. The time course of the effects was assessed with the dose of 1 X 10(8) bacterial cells for up to 28 days. M. terrae caused a sustained biphasic inflammation in mouse lungs. The characteristic features for the first phase, which lasted from 6 hr to 3 days, were elevated proinflammatory cytokine [i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). TNF-alpha was produced in the lungs more intensively than was IL-6. Neutrophils were the most abundant cells in the airways during the first phase, although their numbers in BALF remained elevated up to 21 days. The characteristics of the second phase, which lasted from 7 to 28 days, were elevated TNF-alpha levels in BALF, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in BAL cells, and recruitment of mononuclear cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages into the airways. Moreover, total protein, albumin, and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were elevated in both phases in BALF. The bacteria were detected in lungs up to 28 days. In summary, these observations indicate that M. terrae is capable of provoking a sustained, biphasic inflammation in mouse lungs and can cause a moderate degree of cytotoxicity. Thus, M. terrae can be considered a species with potential to adversely affect the health of the occupants of moisture-damaged buildings.
1109-108 Diagnostic tests have incremental value in predicting clinical outcomes in constrictive pericarditis
Authors: Lieng H Ling, Jae K Oh, Smonporn Boonyaratavej, Christopher P Appleton, Jerome F Breen, Marion E Barnes, Ana G Rosales, Rick A Nishimura, Hartzell V Schaff, A Jamil Tajik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Reichel’s Care of the Elderly: Clinical Aspects of Aging
Authors: A. Mark Clarfield
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1271 HIGH COFFEE INTAKE IS ASSOCIATED TO LOWER GRADE OF HEPATIC STEATOSIS. THE ROLE OF PERIPHERAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Y. Gutiérrez-Grobe, V. Sánchez-Valle, N.C. Chávez-Tapia, A.A. Gutiérrez-Jiménez, J.G. Gavilanes-Espinar, R.A. Kobashi-Margain, M. Uribe, N. Méndez-Sánchez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Human sebaceous glands engage in aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis
Authors: M.M.T. Downie, T. Kealey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background The skin and its appendages support aerobic glycolytic and glutaminolytic metabolism. Their major fuels are glucose and glutamine, which are, however, largely catabolized anaerobically. Objectives For the human sebaceous gland it has been reported that glucose, lactate and acetate provide good lipogenic substrates but that glutamine does not. Therefore, we have investigated the intermediary metabolism in vitro of freshly isolated human sebaceous glands to determine if their metabolism of glutamine is anomalous relative to the rest of the skin. Methods Glycolytic rate, glucose and glutamine oxidation, and glucose metabolism by the pentose phosphate pathway were determined in freshly isolated human chest sebaceous glands. Further, sebaceous intermediary metabolites were analysed using spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Moreover, glands were maintained in vitro as whole organs to investigate the effects of precursors and inhibitors of polyamine synthesis on rates and patterns of lipogenesis and DNA synthesis. Results We confirm that the human sebaceous gland is a glycolytic and glutaminolytic tissue. Glucose is mainly converted to lactate, with only 6% of glucose being oxidized to CO2. Glutamine is largely converted to glutamate, alanine, serine, glycine, aspartate, threonine, lactate and ammonia, with only 12% being oxidized. We have also shown that exogenous glutamine is required for cellular proliferation and lipogenesis by human sebaceous glands. However, in its absence spermidine could fully restore rates of DNA synthesis and lipogenesis. Conclusions Although glutamine is a poor substrate for sebaceous lipogenesis, this cannot be attributed to its lack of catabolism. We have shown that glutamine is an essential fuel, but that it can be replaced by exogenous spermidine. Therefore, we suggest that in sebocytes both glutamine and spermidine may act as essential purine and pyrimidine precursors.
Corrigendum to “Constrained non-rigid registration for use in image-guided adaptive radiotherapy” [Medical Image Analysis 13 (2009) 809–817]
Authors: W.H. Greene, S. Chelikani, K. Purushothaman, J.P.S. Knisely, Z. Chen, X. Papademetris, L.H. Staib, J.S. Duncan
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2009)
EXPERIMENTAL CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS
Authors: David Cowen, Abner Wolf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

Toxoplasmosis can be transmitted to mice by the introduction of Toxoplasma into the vagina. Pregnant mice were more susceptible to infection than non-pregnant animals in the ratio of 3 to 1. Obvious signs of vaginitis were not observed. Many of the infected mice remained entirely free of external signs, while a minority showed neurological or respiratory disturbances. Pregnant animals, especially those infected 6 to 10 days following conception, often died in the terminal stages of pregnancy or shortly after parturition. The possibility that the vagina may serve as one of the portals of entry of Toxoplasma in the human being and that infection may occur by sexual contact or by contamination by feces or other Toxoplasma-containing materials is discussed. The high susceptibility of the pregnant mouse to toxoplasmosis under the conditions of these experiments suggests a possible explanation for the higher incidence of congenital as compared to postnatal human toxoplasmosis and for the associated asymptomatic maternal infection. The infected but clinically normal human mothers may be compared to some vaginally infected pregnant mice which remained symptom-free.
Labour government's increased NHS spend produced better health outcomes, study finds
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The extra money pumped into the NHS from 1999 under the previous Labour government led to better health outcomes across the population in England, when measured by the method favoured by the current coalition government, a new study has found. 

Researchers from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and RAND Europe show that the additional NHS spend after 1999 resulted in better health outcomes when measured by “amenable mortality,” deaths that should not occur if patients received timely and effective care ( Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2011;104:370-9, doi:10.1258/jrsm.2011.110120)

Martin McKee, professor of European public health at the …
Radiological changes in the cervical spine in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: K A Meijers, S F van Voss, R J Francois
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1968)

Ankylosing spondylitis is not limited to the sacro- iliac joints and the lumbar and dorsal spine, but may also affect the cervical spine.Forestier, Jacqueline, and Rotes-Querol (1951) considered that the intervertebral joints were first affected, osteo- porosis being followed by narrowing and ankylosis, and later by the formation of syndesmophytes on the vertebral bodies.Romanus and Yden (1955) said that the first lesions were small erosions at the anterior corners of the vertebral bodies.Martel, Holt, and Robinson (1962) observed a resorption of bone on the anterior surface of the cervical spine in late cases.Atlanto-axial sub- luxations, which may occur in rheumatoid arthritis, may also occur in ankylosing spondylitis (Sharp, 1958; Sharp and Purser, 1961; Wilkinson and By- waters, 1958; Martel and Page, 1960; Martel, 1961). Present InvestigationsWe have examined a series of lateral films of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and generalized osteo-arthrosis (GOA) to see whether any particular lesions are specific for ankylosing spondylitis in this region.Ankylosing Spondylitis.-73out-patients seen in the Department of Rheumatology at the Leyden University Hospital from March, 1963, to March, 1964, were studied.Films were taken of the pelvis and of the lumbar and cervical spine.The criteria used for the diagnosis were those formulated at the symposium on population studies in Rome (Kellgren, 1963).All showed bilateral sacro-iliitis.Patients with psoriasis (Sharp, 1957) or Still's disease (Carter, 1962, 1963) were excluded.There were 58 males and fifteen females.The average age of the males was 44 $Temporary member of the Department ofRheumatology.
Prediction of aggressiveness in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma for selection of surgical resection
Authors: Suk-Won Suh, Kwang-Woong Lee, Jeong-Moo Lee, Tae You, YoungRok Choi, Hyeyoung Kim, Hae Won Lee, Jeong-Min Lee, Nam-Joon Yi, Kyung-Suk Suh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Oncogenic Kras is required for both the initiation and maintenance of pancreatic cancer in mice
Authors: Meredith A. Collins, Filip Bednar, Yaqing Zhang, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Stefanie Galbán, Craig J. Galbán, Sabita Rakshit, Karen S. Flannagan, N. Volkan Adsay, Marina Pasca di Magliano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Pancreatic cancer is almost invariably associated with mutations in the KRAS gene, most commonly KRASG12D, that result in a dominant-active form of the KRAS GTPase. However, how KRAS mutations promote pancreatic carcinogenesis is not fully understood, and whether oncogenic KRAS is required for the maintenance of pancreatic cancer has not been established. To address these questions, we generated two mouse models of pancreatic tumorigenesis: mice transgenic for inducible KrasG12D, which allows for inducible, pancreas-specific, and reversible expression of the oncogenic KrasG12D, with or without inactivation of one allele of the tumor suppressor gene p53. Here, we report that, early in tumorigenesis, induction of oncogenic KrasG12D reversibly altered normal epithelial differentiation following tissue damage, leading to precancerous lesions. Inactivation of KrasG12D in established precursor lesions and during progression to cancer led to regression of the lesions, indicating that KrasG12D was required for tumor cell survival. Strikingly, during all stages of carcinogenesis, KrasG12D upregulated Hedgehog signaling, inflammatory pathways, and several pathways known to mediate paracrine interactions between epithelial cells and their surrounding microenvironment, thus promoting formation and maintenance of the fibroinflammatory stroma that plays a pivotal role in pancreatic cancer. Our data establish that epithelial KrasG12D influences multiple cell types to drive pancreatic tumorigenesis and is essential for tumor maintenance. They also strongly support the notion that inhibiting KrasG12D, or its downstream effectors, could provide a new approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Long-term outcomes after endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gallbladder drainage for acute cholecystitis
Authors: Jun-Ho Choi, Sang Lee, Joon Choi, Do Park, Dong-Wan Seo, Sung Lee, Myung-Hwan Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aim:</b> Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided transmural gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been proposed for the management of acute cholecystitis in high risk patients; however, little is known about the long-term outcomes of this treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the procedural and long-term outcomes of EUS-GBD with self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS). <b>Patients and methods:</b> Data for this retrospective study were obtained from a prospectively collected EUS database. Patients with acute cholecystitis who were deemed unsuitable for cholecystectomy were included. Study outcomes were technical and clinical success, adverse events, and stent patency. <b>Results:</b> EUS-GBD was technically and clinically successful in 62/63 patients (98.4 %; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 94.9 % – 100 %). Procedural adverse events included duodenal perforation (n = 1, 1.6 %) and self-limiting pneumoperitoneum (n = 2, 3.2 %), all of which resolved with conservative treatment. Long-term outcomes of EUS-GBD were evaluated in 56 patients who were followed for a median of 275 days (range 40 – 1185 days). Late adverse events developed in four patients (7.1 %; 95 %CI 5.7 % – 8.4 %), including asymptomatic distal stent migration (n = 2), and acute cholecystitis due to stent occlusion (n = 2). Two patients with occluded stent were successfully treated endoscopically (reintervention rate of 3.6 %). A total of 54 patients (96.4 %) had no recurrence of acute cholecystitis during follow-up. Median stent patency time was 190 days overall (range 15 – 1185 days) and 458 days (range 151 – 1185 days) for the 28 patients who were alive at the study end. The cumulative stent patency rate was 86 % at 3 years. <b>Conclusions:</b> EUS-GBD with an SEMS for acute cholecystitis showed excellent long-term outcomes and may be a definitive treatment in patients who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy because of advanced malignancy or high surgical risk.
Adiponectin and Risk of Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Erik Ingelsson, Ulf Risérus, Christian Berne, Jan Frystyk, Allan Flyvbjerg, Tomas Axelsson, Per Lundmark, Björn Zethelius
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal