tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patency and the Pump — The Risks and Benefits of Off-Pump CABG
Authors: Thomas E. MacGillivray, Gus J. Vlahakes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In 1883, the eminent Viennese surgeon Theodor Billroth declared, "Let no man who hopes to retain the respect of his medical brethren dare to operate on the human heart." Billroth articulated what was at that time common knowledge. The heart was the impenetrable temple of life, the violation of which would result in certain death for the patient. Despite an increasing appreciation and understanding of cardiac pathology, surgery on the heart was an absolute noli me tangere until the middle part of the 20th century.The heart–lung machine, which maintains perfusion to the body while the heart is stopped during . . .
Abstract 5524: Generation of cellular immune responses to MUC1-C to target the portion of MUC1 that is most biologically relevant to the transformation process
Authors: Caroline Jochems, Diane J. Poole, Matteo Vergati, James L. Gulley, Jeffrey Schlom, Kwong Yok Tsang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract MUC1 is overexpressed in diverse human carcinomas and hematological cancers, and therefore serves as a potential target for immunotherapy. The MUC1 molecule has two distinctive subunits, formed by autocleavage with a SEA domain. The N-terminal (MUC1-N) is the large extracellular domain, and the C-terminal (MUC1-C) has three subunits: a small extracellular domain that is covalently bound to MUC1-N, a single transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail. It has been reported by Kufe et al that the MUC1-C subunit transduces signals that confer growth and survival responses. The MUC1-C cytoplasmic tail located downstream of the SEA domain is sufficient for the induction of anchorage independent growth and tumorigenicity. MUC1-C overexpression is also highly associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer and breast cancer. We and others have previously reported on HLA-A2 binding agonist epitopes to MUC1-N. The objective of this investigation is to identify and characterize HLA-A3 binding cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes and agonist epitopes of the MUC1-C subunit. The intention is to add these peptides to vaccines against MUC1 positive carcinomas, as well as using them for monitoring patients’ immune responses in clinical MUC1 vaccine trials. The generation of cellular immune responses to MUC1-C would thus target the portion of MUC1 that is most biologically relevant to the transformation process. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5524. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5524
Effect of phasic respiration on left ventricular dimension and performance in a normal population. An echocardiographic study.
Authors: J I Brenner, R A Waugh
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Echocardiographic examination of the left ventricle (LV) in 30 normal subjects, 5 to 47 years of age, was performed in order to analyze the effects of phasic respiration on LV dimensions and derived LV function. Peak expiratory and peak inspiratory LV diastolic and systolic dimensions were measured and extrapolated to volume estimates using a standard formula. Although there was wide variation in the individual measurements, and particularly in systolic dimension, the mean peak inspiratory diastolic dimension, derived diastolic volume, and stroke volume all decreased significantly (P less than 0.001); a smaller decrease in ejection fraction was seen (P less than 0.02), while the changes in mean end-systolic dimension and end-systolic volume were not significant. While these observed changes may reflect a true physiologic variation, an artifactual component cannot be excluded. Regardless of their physiologic significance, however, these data show that the effect of phasic respiration is a factor to be considered in correlative echocardiographic studies of LV function in both normal and, possibly, pathologic cardiovascular conditions.
Malignant Diseases of Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Margaret P. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The first textbook of pediatric oncology was published in 1973. The present volume enters the field as a book written expressly for pediatricians acting as the primary care physician. Yet the general format, with chapters devoted to epidemiology, diagnosis, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and the common diagnostic categories of malignant disease, offers little that is different from the existing publications. The nature and extent of the pediatrician's role is unclear. Will the pediatrician conduct the diagnostic workup, determine the therapeutic approach, and manage the course of the disease? Or will the pediatrician, with reasonable confidence in a clinical diagnosis, refer the child to a center for definitive diagnosis and assignment to treatment, thereafter playing a major role in day-to-day management and longterm follow-up? The chapter "Oncologic Emergencies" is, in general, good and should be most helpful to pediatricians in preparing children with newly diagnosed leukemia and lymphoma for transport to a treatment
Crohn's disease recurrence can be prevented after ileal resection
Authors: P Rutgeerts
Journal: Gut (2002)

The majority of patients suffering from Crohn's disease will undergo at least one surgical resection of the bowel in the course of their disease. Surgery greatly improves the quality of life in these patients but the beneficial effect is only temporary.

After ileal or ileocolonic resection there is a 20–30% symptomatic recurrence rate in the first year after surgery, with a 10% increase in each subsequent year. Most patients will eventually suffer recurrence, and a reoperation rate of 50–60% is generally reported. The need for simple and effective prophylactic therapy after bowel resection for Crohn's disease is great.

The natural evolution of postoperative Crohn's recurrence has been well studied. After curative resection of the inflamed bowel (that is, removal of all macroscopically involved gut) the disease recurs within weeks to months proximal to the ileocolonic anastomosis.1 The tissue events can readily be visualised by ileocolonoscopy with biopsy in the months after surgery.

The presence of extensive lesions in the bowel, as visualised at endoscopy in the months after surgery, predicts rapid evolution …
Computer Edge Displays for Cardiac Wall Motion Evaluation
Authors: ROBERT J. TELEPAK, MICHAEL F. HARTSHORNE, STEPHEN R. BUNKER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Several computer display techniques in both black and white and color are described. Use of such techniques improves the qualitative evaluation of ECG-gated cardiac blood pool studies, especially by less experienced observers. Detection of wall motion at the interface between the myocardial wall and the labeled blood within the cardiac chambers is greatly enhanced. No additional equipment nor computer processing time is required to use these display schemes.
Nafcillin-Tolerant Staphylococcus epidermidis Endocarditis
Authors: James D. Arthur
Journal: JAMA (1982)

RESISTANCE of<i>Staphylococcus aureus and S epidermidis</i>organisms to penicillin is known to be mediated by several different mechanisms. Resistance due to production of β-lactamase (penicillinase) resulting in penicillin inactivation was recognized with<i>S aureus</i>in the early 1960s.<sup>1</sup>"Intrinsic" resistance to the penicillinase-resistant penicillins (PRPs) has been observed in both<i>S aureus</i>and<i>S epidermidis</i>for more than ten years.<sup>2</sup>Recently, strains of S aureus described as "tolerant" to PRPs have been reported.<sup>3</sup>This tolerance is manifested by a wide disparity between the concentration of penicillin required to inhibit growth of the organism and that required for killing it. Routine antibiotic sensitivity testing shows these strains to be sensitive to PRPs. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is well within the therapeutic range of these drugs, but the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) is 32 times the MIC or greater, indicating a required therapeutic level not practically achievable
Modification of Chronic Manganese Poisoning
Authors: Ismael Mena, Jaime Court, Sergio Fuenzalida, Paul S. Papavasiliou, George C. Cotzias
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Six patients with hypokinetic forms of chronic manganese poisoning received slowly increasing oral doses of L-dopa up to 8.0 gm per day distributed through the day. Five showed striking reduction or disappearance of rigidity and of hypokinesia, marked improvement of postural reflexes and restitution of balance. In the sixth L-dopa induced weakness, increased muscular hypotonia, increased tremor and aggravation of hypokinesia. This sixth was greatly improved by D,L-5-hydroxytryptophane (3.0 gm per day). Two patients with severe dystonia from chronic manganese poisoning were markedly improved by L-dopa. Most of the effects of L-dopa disappeared a few days after substitution of placebo for the drug. In sharp contrast to Parkinsonian patients, the present subjects have not shown choreoathetoid movements thus far. In eight persons with normal extrapyramidal function, who served as controls, slow increases in oral doses of L-dopa up to 1.0 gm six times a day induced muscular hypotonia but no weakness.
Critical Role of Bone Marrow Apoptosis-Associated Speck-Like Protein, an Inflammasome Adaptor Molecule, in Neointimal Formation After Vascular Injury in Mice
Authors: Noriyuki Yajima, Masafumi Takahashi, Hajime Morimoto, Yuji Shiba, Yasuko Takahashi, Junya Masumoto, Hirohiko Ise, Junji Sagara, Jun Nakayama, Shun'ichiro Taniguchi, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-18 play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is an adaptor protein that regulates caspase-1-dependent IL-1 beta and IL-18 generation; however, the role of ASC in vascular injury remains undefined. Here, we investigated the contribution of ASC to neointimal formation after vascular injury in ASC-deficient (ASC(-/-)) mice.Wire-mediated vascular injury was produced in the femoral artery of ASC(-/-) and wild-type mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that ASC was markedly expressed at the site of vascular injury. Neointimal formation was significantly attenuated in ASC(-/-) mice after injury. IL-1 beta and IL-18 were expressed in the neointimal lesion in wild-type mice but showed decreased expression in the lesion of ASC(-/-) mice. To investigate the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells, we developed bone marrow-transplanted mice and found that neointimal formation was significantly decreased in wild-type mice in which bone marrow was replaced with ASC(-/-) bone marrow cells. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that the proliferation activity of ASC(-/-) vascular smooth muscle cells was not impaired.These findings suggest that bone marrow-derived ASC is critical for neointimal formation after vascular injury and identify ASC as a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and restenosis.
A possible vulnerability locus for bipolar affective disorder on chromosome 21q22.3
Authors: Richard E. Straub, Thomas Lehner, Ying Luo, Jo Ellen Loth, Wei Shao, Lawrence Sharpe, Joyce R. Alexander, Kamna Das, Robert Simon, Ronald R. Fieve, Bernard Lerer, Jean Endicott, Jurg Ott, T. Conrad Gilliam, Miron Baron
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Endoscopic Ultraviolet-Induced Autofluorescence Spectroscopy of the Esophagus: Tissue Characterization and Potential for Early Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: G. Bourg-Heckly, J. Blais, J.-J. Padilla, O. Bourdon, J. Etienne, F. Guillemin, L. Lafay
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic identification of dysplasia and early carcinoma of the esophagus is difficult and is currently done through random pinch biopsies. This study assesses the potential of ultraviolet-induced autofluorescence spectroscopy for early diagnosis with special focus on Barrett's esophagus.
Indications for Hepatitis B Vaccine-Reply
Authors: Saul Krugman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In Reply.—  In my discussion of the characteristics and indications for use of the hepatitis B vaccine, I stated,  vaccine is recommended for infants, children and adults who are at increased risk of contracting hepatitis B infection. The 12 general groups listed in the accompanying Table 1 include persons at varying degrees of increased risk. Therefore, in establishing priorities for the use of the vaccine, preference should be given to those persons who are at greatest risk. Various epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk of hepatitis B infection in persons who have frequent exposure to blood and contaminated needles, as well as in those who have intimate physical contact with carriers who are HBeAg positive.  I am grateful to Dr Cohen, because his letter provides me with an opportunity to correct a misconception and to clarify my recommendations. The vaccine is certainly not recommended for all medical personnel;
Vitamin A supplementation in infectious diseases: a meta-analysis.
Authors: P P Glasziou, D E Mackerras
Journal: BMJ (1993)

We studied 28 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and normal angiograms. On early CT (within 5 days) in 13 cases, blood was seen mainly or only in the cisterns around the midbrain. This pattern of hemorrhage was found in only 1 of 92 patients with a ruptured aneurysm. None of the unexplained perimesencephalic hemorrhages was associated with intracerebral hematoma or intraventricular hemorrhage. The clinical features also differed from those of aneurysmal hemorrhage; loss of consciousness was rare, and after 3 months, all 13 patients had returned to normal life. The cause of this benign disorder remains elusive, but a venous or capillary source seems likely.
Denial
Authors: Norman Cousins
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THE TERM<i>denial</i>, when used clinically, is applied to patients who, consciously or unconsciously, try to relieve their anxiety by pretending that the serious situation described to them by their physicians is either exaggerated or nonexistent. I write here about three cases in which the term was used. The basic facts in each case, however, indicate that the term may have been misapplied. It should be pointed out that the patients, while understandably anxious and apprehensive, were not considered to be neurotic or psychotic. My knowledge of the cases was based on information from the patients. Patient 1 was a 43-year-old woman who was an ambulance driver and paramedic. A mammogram and a biopsy specimen of a small lump in her breast led to the recommendation of a radical mastectomy. The patient declined to accept surgery. The physician, disturbed by her apparent denial of her condition, suggested she see a
Molecules from Staphylococcus aureus that bind CD14 and stimulate innate immune responses.
Authors: T Kusunoki, E Hailman, T S Juan, H S Lichenstein, S D Wright
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Mammals mount a rapid inflammatory response to gram-negative bacteria by recognizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin). LPS binds to CD14, and the resulting LPS-CD14 complex induces synthesis of cytokines and up-regulation of adhesion molecules in a variety of cell types. Gram-positive bacteria provoke a very similar inflammatory response, but the molecules that provoke innate responses to these bacteria have not been defined. Here we show that protein-free, phenol extracts of Staphylococcus aureus contain a minor component that stimulates adhesion of neutrophils and cytokine production in monocytes and in the astrocytoma cell line, U373. Responses to this component do not absolutely require CD14, but addition of soluble CD14 enhances sensitivity of U373 cells by up to 100-fold, and blocking CD14 on monocytes decreases sensitivity nearly 1,000-fold. Deletion of residues 57-64 of CD14, which are required for responses to LPS, also eliminates CD14-dependent responses to S. aureus molecules. The stimulatory component of S. aureus binds CD14 and blocks binding of radioactive LPS. Unlike LPS, the activity of S. aureus molecules was neither enhanced by LPS binding protein nor inhibited by bactericidal/permeability increasing protein. The active factor in extracts of S. aureus is also structurally and functionally distinct from the abundant species known as lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Cell-stimulating activity fractionates differently from LTA on a reverse-phase column, pure LTA fails to stimulate cells, and LTA antagonizes the action of LPS in assays of IL-6 production. These studies suggest that mammals may use CD14 in innate responses to both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and that gram-positive bacteria may contain an apparently unique, CD14-binding species that initiates cellular responses.
MicroRNA-19a enhances proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells by targeting<i>TGF</i>β<i>R2</i>gene in severe asthma
Authors: I. Haj-Salem, R. Fakhfakh, J.-C. Bérubé, E. Jacques, S. Plante, M. J. Simard, Y. Bossé, J. Chakir
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Background Allergic asthma is characterized by inflammation and airway remodeling. Bronchial epithelium is considered a key player in coordinating airway wall remodeling. In mild asthma, the epithelium is damaged and fails to proliferate and to repair, whereas in severe asthma, the epithelium is highly proliferative and thicker. This may be due to different regulatory mechanisms. The purpose of our study was to determine the role of miRNAs in regulating proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells obtained from severe asthmatic subjects in comparison with cells obtained from mild asthmatics and healthy controls. Methods Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) were isolated by bronchoscopy from bronchial biopsies of healthy donors and patients with mild and severe asthma. MiRNA expression was evaluated using the TaqMan low-density arrays and qRT-PCR. Transfection studies of bronchial epithelial cells were performed to determine the target genes. Cell proliferation was evaluated by BrdU incorporation test. Results MiR-19a was upregulated in epithelia of severe asthmatic subjects compared with cells from mild asthmatics and healthy controls. Functional studies based on luciferase reporter and Western blot assays suggest that miR-19a enhances cell proliferation of BEC in severe asthma through targeting TGF-β receptor 2 mRNA. Moreover, repressed expression of miR-19a increased SMAD3 phosphorylation through TGF-β receptor 2 signaling and abrogated BEC proliferation. Conclusion Our study uncovers a new regulatory pathway involving miR-19a that is critical to the severe phenotype of asthma and indicates that downregulating miR-19a expression could be explored as a potential new therapy to modulate epithelium repair in asthma.
Flurbiprofen and Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: Nathan Wei
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1990Flurbiprofen and Cutaneous VasculitisNathan Wei, MDNathan Wei, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-7-550_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs are among the most frequently prescribed medications. Many of the serious side effects of these drugs that have been documented involve various perturbations of gastrointestinal or renal function. Although cutaneous side effects have been reported, vasculitis associated with these drugs has been infrequent. I would like to submit a case report of such an apparent side effect due to flurbiprofen (Ansaid, The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan).A 59-year-old woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis was started on flurbiprofen therapy, 100 mg twice daily. About 7 days later, she noticed a few, scattered petechial lesions around...References1. Stern R and Bigby M. An expanded profile of cutaneous reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. JAMA. 1984;252:1433-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Roth D, Spencer L, and Ahrens E. Cutaneous reactions to drugs used for rheumatologic disorders. Med Clin North Am. 1989;73:1275-98. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hamburger J and Potts A. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral lichenoid reactions. Br Med J [Clin Res]. 1983;287:1258. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Nathan Wei, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnaphylaxis to Over-the-Counter Flurbiprofen in a ChildFlurbiprofenFlurbiprofen-induced generalized bullous fixed drug eruptionFatal hypersensitivity reaction to an oral spray of flurbiprofen: a case reportMyocarditis due to oral flurbiprofen useCutaneous and Systemic Manifestations of Drug-Induced VasculitisAn association between recurrent oro-genital ulceration and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugsAnti-inflammatory analgesics and drugs used in rheumatoid arthritis and gout 1 April 1990Volume 112, Issue 7Page: 550-551KeywordsAdverse reactionsDrugsLesionsRheumatoid arthritisVasculitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Night visiting in general practice
Authors: E J O'Connell
Journal: BMJ (1993)

pictures of identifiable patients unless we have their permission or the permission of their next of kin.In the case of Tony Bland his parents had given permission for the press to reproduce his picture.They will have had their own reasons for taking that decision, but we believe that publishing a picture ofhim adds importantly to the information available in words.Some doctors have never seen a patient in a persistent vegetative state.Another reason for publishing pictures is to distinguish one section of the journal from another.We rarely publish pictures, tables, or graphs in the editorial section, and we do not add pictures to the original papers.We deliberately include them in the news section to give this section a different identity.These pages are designed to look "newsy," which means including pictures.Newspapers carry pictures, and so do journals like Nature, Science, and the Economist.Sometimes these pictures will not be as relevant as we would like.But this problem is experienced by all publications putting together news pages fast.
An Unbiased Expression Screen for Synaptogenic Proteins Identifies the LRRTM Protein Family as Synaptic Organizers
Authors: Michael W. Linhoff, Juha Laurén, Robert M. Cassidy, Frederick A. Dobie, Hideto Takahashi, Haakon B. Nygaard, Matti S. Airaksinen, Stephen M. Strittmatter, Ann Marie Craig
Journal: Neuron (2009)
Comparative Imaging Septic Pulmonary Embolus
Authors: JOHN R. STY, BRIAN E. LUNDEEN, DAVID Z. FRIEDBERG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

This 2-month-old boy presented with acute severe tachypnea and a low-grade fever. The initial chest radiograph demonstrated normal pulmonary vascularity and lung volume (inflation) in the right lung. The left lung showed normal volume but was oligemic and appeared hyperlucent. The heart size was normal. A table indicates the differential diagnoses of a hyper-lucent lung on chest radiographs in infants. In this case, radionuclide imaging studies included perfusion (Tc-99m MAA) and ventilation (Tc-99m DTPA) lung scans. The studies confirmed a vascular etiology was responsible for the hyperlucent left lung. Echocardiography subsequently identified vegetations on the tricuspid valve as the source of the pulmonary emboli. These findings were surgically documented and the child completely recovered following the operation.