tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Overcoming the Nuclear Barrier: Cell Cycle Independent Nonviral Gene Transfer with Linear Polyethylenimine or Electroporation
Authors: Sylvia Brunner, Elke Fürtbauer, Thomas Sauer, Malgorzata Kursa, Ernst Wagner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

In many cases, nonviral particle-mediated gene delivery is highly dependent on the cell cycle status of transfected cells. Here we compare particle-mediated delivery with linear polyethylenimine (PEI) and physical transfer of DNA by electroporation with branched PEI and lipofection for their ability to transfect cells at different stages of the cell cycle. In contrast to other particle-mediated delivery methods (using Lipofectamine or branched PEI) linear PEI led to only small differences (within 1 log unit) in gene transfer between HeLa cells transfected in G1 and those in S/G2. Parallel transfections (lipofection or branched PEI) resulted in 2 to > 3 log-unit differ-ences in luciferase expression between cells transfected in G1 and S/G2. Gene transfer by elec-troporation also revealed hardly any cell cycle dependence and displayed completely different expression kinetics. Reporter gene expression is already very high 3 hours after electroporation with roughly the same level of reporter gene expression in all cell cycle phases. We suggest that DNA electroporation and DNA transfection with linear PEI particles have improved nuclear import characteristics relative to the other tested DNA delivery systems.
INTRACORONARY STEM CELL THERAPY AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - TWELVE MONTHS FOLLOW-UP OF A RANDOMIZED, RIGOROUS DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Jochen Wöhrle, Nico Merkle, Volker Mailänder, Thorsten Nusser, Peter Schauwecker, Fabian von Scheidt, Klaus Schwarz, Martin Bommer, Markus Wiesneth, Hubert Schrezenmeier, Vinzenz Hombach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Silencing of the p18INK4c gene by promoter hypermethylation in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphomas
Authors: Abel Sánchez-Aguilera, Julio Delgado, Francisca I. Camacho, Margarita Sánchez-Beato, Lydia Sánchez, Carlos Montalbán, Manuel F. Fresno, Carmen Martín, Miguel A. Piris, Juan F. García
Journal: Blood (2003)
Effect of quinidine on the digoxin receptor in vitro.
Authors: W J Ball, D Tse-Eng, E T Wallick, J P Bilezikian, A Schwartz, V P Butler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To investigate the basis for a clinically important digitalis-quinidine interaction that is characterized by increases in serums digoxin concentrations when quinidine is administered to digoxin-treated patients, we have studied in vitro the interaction of quinidine with the digoxin receptor. Evidence has been obtained that quinidine is capable of decreasing the affinity for digoxin of cardiac glycoside receptor sites on purified Na,K-ATPase and on intact human erythrocyte membranes. As others have shown, quinidine is capable of inhibiting Na,K-ATPase activity, and evidence has been obtained in the current study that, while quinidine can reduce the affinity of the enzyme for digoxin, it is also capable of acting together with digoxin in inhibiting enzyme activity to a degree greater than the inhibitory effect of digoxin alone. The concentrations of digoxin and quinidine used in this study were considerably greater than their therapeutic serum concentrations. Nevertheless, these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the increases in serum digoxin concentrations and the decreases in volumes of digoxin distribution observed clinically when quinidine is administered to digoxin-treated patients may reflect, at least in part, a decrease in the affinity of tissue receptors for digoxin. The possibility must also be considered that enhanced cardiac effects of digoxin may occur clinically as the result of an augmentation, by quinidine, of digoxin effects, which more than compensates for the modest reduction in digoxin binding.
Introduction: ERS/ATS Workshop on Longitudinal Analysis of Pulmonary Function Data
Authors: Scott T. Weiss, James E. Ware, Jan Schouten, Bert Rijcken
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"Introduction: ERS/ATS Workshop on Longitudinal Analysis of Pulmonary Function Data." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154(6_pt_2), p. S207
In vivo clearance and tissue distribution of C5a and C5a des arginine complement fragments in rabbits.
Authors: R O Webster, G L Larsen, P M Henson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We have previously shown a marked difference in the inflammatory response to human C5a or C5a des arginine (Arg) instilled in rabbit lungs. These studies raised the question of where C5a and C5a des Arg are processes in vivo and what role neutrophils may play in the tissue distribution of these two mediators. After intravenous injection of purified, biologically active 125I-C5a or 125I-C5a des Arg, adult rabbits were serially bled and then killed at various time intervals. Although greater than 50% of the injected radioactivity was cleared from the circulation within 2 min for both mediators, C5a des Arg persisted in the circulation longer than C5a. C5a instillation caused an acute neutropenia, whereas C5a des Arg caused a less severe and more prolonged neutropenia, preceding a neutrophilic response observed with both mediators. Clearance of the mediators was primarily seen in the highly vascularized organs: the lung, spleen, liver, and kidney. A time-dependent accumulation was seen initially in the lung, followed by the spleen, liver, and kidney. Histologic examination showed a marked increase in the number of neutrophils within the lung and spleen. Depletion of circulating neutrophils by nitrogen mustard pretreatment of rabbits showed no change in the amount of labeled mediator bound in the lung, whereas splenic accumulation was dependent on the presence of neutrophils. These results indicate that C5a and C5a des Arg are rapidly removed from the circulation by specific accumulation in vascularized tissues. Clearance by the lung was not affected by neutrophil depletion, whereas clearance by the spleen was dependent on neutrophils. These experiments further suggest there are neutrophil-dependent and neutrophil-independent mechanisms involved in the removal of C5a and C5a des Arg from the circulation and that binding of C5 fragments in the pulmonary vasculature may precede and then induce neutrophil sequestration.
Immunologic Aspects of Neurologic and Neuromuscular Diseases
Authors: Derek R. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Inflammatory disorders of the nervous and neuromuscular system are not uncommon despite the fact that immune privilege exists in much of the nervous system. Common immune-mediated neurologic diseases include multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and idiopathic polymyositis. Environmental, genetic, and immunologic factors have been postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases, but much remains to be elucidated about the specific identity and relative contributions of these factors. Several new therapies have become available for these diseases in the past few years, and many others are under investigation. Strategies that enhance the normal tolerance mechanisms of the immune system are being developed. In particular, strategies to block T<sub>H</sub>1-type responses or enhance T<sub>H</sub>2/3-type responses have generated interest.
ADRENAL CORTEX EXTRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF BROMIDE ERUPTION AND BROMIDE INTOXICATION
Authors: C. P. BONDURANT
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our purpose in this paper is to report the effect of adrenal cortex extract<sup>1</sup>on the elimination of bromide and bromide effects, with special reference to bromide eruption and bromide intoxication. This report is based on our experience and the evidence accumulated from the treatment of five cases of bromide eruption and nine cases of bromide intoxication. Also we give the results of the study of ten cases of bromism which we had the opportunity of observing in epileptic patients at the Central State Hospital. A short review of the pharmacology of bromides reveals that Bolgar<sup>2</sup>in 1910 found that bromides were readily absorbed from mucous membranes and that in ligated intestinal segments the absorption of bromide was not delayed by the presence of chloride; but bromide delayed chloride absorption. There are a variety of opinions present in the literature dealing with the distribution of bromide between the
Combination immunotherapy using adoptive T-cell transfer and tumor antigen vaccination on the basis of hTERT and survivin after ASCT for myeloma
Authors: Aaron P. Rapoport, Nicole A. Aqui, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Dan T. Vogl, Hong-Bin Fang, Ling Cai, Stephen Janofsky, Anne Chew, Jan Storek, Gorgun Akpek, Ashraf Badros, Saul Yanovich, Ming T. Tan, Elizabeth Veloso, Marcela F. Pasetti, Alan Cross, Sunita Philip, Heather Murphy, Rita Bhagat, Zhaohui Zheng, Todd Milliron, Julio Cotte, Andrea Cannon, Bruce L. Levine, Robert H. Vonderheide, Carl H. June
Journal: Blood (2010)
Effect of chronic β-blockade on QT interval in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Andrea Zambruni, Franco Trevisani, Antonio Di Micoli, Francesco Savelli, Annalisa Berzigotti, Eleonora Bracci, Paolo Caraceni, Marco Domenicali, Palmiro Felline, Marco Zoli, Mauro Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE IN MICE
Authors: Diana F. Amsbaugh, Carl T. Hansen, Benjamin Prescott, Philip W. Stashak, David R. Barthold, Phillip J. Baker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The IgM antibody response to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) was assessed in F(1), F(2), and backcross progeny derived from high (BALB/cAnN) and extremely low (CBA/HN) responding parental strains of inbred mice. The results of these studies indicated that a major component involved in the antibody response is X-linked, i.e., carried on the X chromosome; this component determines responsiveness to SSS-III in an almost quantal or "all-or-none" manner. Other factors, presumably autosomal genes, regulate the magnitude of the antibody response produced by mice possessing the X-linked gene; these appear to influence independently the number of antibody-producing cells found after immunization and the amount of antibody made by such cells. Strains of inbred mice varied widely in their ability to respond to SSS-III. Responsiveness was not associated with H-2 histocompatibility type. The implications of these findings with respect to the genetic control of the antibody response to SSS-III are discussed.
Examination of the Blood in the Presence of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Michael Hume
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Seven tests were compared in blood samples collected from normal individuals and patients with venous thrombosis. Three tests were found to have significance for discrimination: platelet entrapment in glass spheres, the hematocrit, and partial thromboplastin time of dilute plasma. A good, but incomplete, separation of individuals was effected by using a discriminant function based on these three variables.
Effects of dietary boron in rats fed a vitamin D-deficient diet.
Authors: J N Dupre, M J Keenan, M Hegsted, A M Brudevold
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Although boron has long been known to be a required nutrient for plants, it was not until recently that there was any suggestion of a nutritional requirement for animals and humans. Addition of boron to the diet of vitamin D-deficient chicks indicated that boron may play a role in animal nutrition. Studies with rats have demonstrated that supplemental dietary boron has most marked effects when the diet is deficient in known nutrients. We observed higher apparent-balance values of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus for rats fed a vitamin D-deprived diet with dietary supplemental boron (2.72 ppm), than for rats fed the same diet without added boron (0.16 ppm). The treatment group with dietary supplemental boron demonstrated a high degree of variability in response to boron. We hypothesize that relatively large and variable vitamin D stores in weanling rats from a colony supplemented with 3000 IU vitamin D/kg diet accounted for the observed variable response. A recent, unpublished study using weanling rats from a low-vitamin D colony appears to support this hypothesis.
Intended place of delivery and perinatal outcome.
Authors: M Tew
Journal: BMJ (1978)

pyrimidine monoadducts, by subsequent light irradiation.'The conversion of psoralen DNA-monoadducts to DNA-crosslinks is not without potential problems.For some as yet unknown period of time photosensitised skin may con- tinue to be further damaged by exposure to either direct or indirect sunlight as the conversion of monoadducts to crosslinks occur.Physicians would be well advised to realise that the cessation of black light irradiation is not the end of the treatment unless the lesions are kept in the dark, perhaps for several weeks.
Ultrasound-targeted Microbubble Destruction-mediated Gene Delivery Into Canine Livers
Authors: Misty L Noble, Christian S Kuhr, Scott S Graves, Keith R Loeb, Samuel S Sun, George W Keilman, Kyle P Morrison, Marla Paun, Rainer F Storb, Carol H Miao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Ultrasound (US) was applied to a targeted canine liver lobe simultaneously with injection of plasmid DNA (pDNA)/microbubble (MB) complexes into a portal vein (PV) segmental branch and occlusion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) to facilitate DNA uptake. By using a 1.1 MHz, 13 mm diameter transducer, a fivefold increase in luciferase activity was obtained at 3.3 MPa peak negative pressure (PNP) in the treated lobe. For more effective treatment of large tissue volumes in canines, a planar unfocused transducer with a large effective beam diameter (52 mm) was specifically constructed. Its apodized dual element configuration greatly reduced the near-field transaxial pressure variations, resulting in a remarkably uniform field of US exposure for the treated tissues. Together with a 15 kW capacity US amplifier, a 692-fold increase of gene expression was achieved at 2.7 MPa. Transaminase and histology analysis indicated minimal tissue damage. These experiments represent an important developmental step toward US-mediated gene delivery in large animals and clinics.
Medical Care for the Poor: No Magic Bullets
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

LESS than a quarter of a century ago, at the time of the Great Society programs of President Lyndon Johnson, many believed that with the passage of Medicare and Medicaid a single standard of superior medical care for all Americans was at hand. Governmentally funded entitlement for the elderly and the poor, the two major groups that lacked private health insurance, promised that the problem of access would soon be history. Clearly, that expectation has not been fulfilled. Rather, developments in the 1980s suggest that the numbers at risk because of lack of insurance coverage for health care are increasing. It should be noted that the United States is unique among the developed economies in having based its general health insurance system on employer benefits, while providing coverage for the elderly and the poor as extensions of the Social Security system. What lies back of the serious miscalculation, what can
Pharmacological application of caffeine inhibits TGF-β-stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression in hepatocytes via PPARγ and SMAD2/3-dependent pathways
Authors: Olav A. Gressner, Birgit Lahme, Katharina Rehbein, Monika Siluschek, Ralf Weiskirchen, Axel M. Gressner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Familial Neuroblastoma
Authors: Jane Chatten, Mary L. Voorhess
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

ALTHOUGH neuroblastoma is a common tumor of childhood, it has rarely been reported to affect more than 1 member of a family. The present study was undertaken when we observed neuroblastomas in 3 of 4 siblings. We found that the mother was in her sixth month of pregnancy and was excreting abnormal amounts of urinary catecholamines. The infant born of this pregnancy was followed prospectively, and became the fourth affected sibling when she was discovered to have a mediastinal neuroblastoma at five months of age. The purpose of this report is to describe the findings in the family, to review . . .
MEDICINE AS AN EXACT SCIENCE.
Authors: W. J. K. KLINE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The study of the human body involves the consideration of the framework, the muscular, vascular and nervous systems. In these we find the highest development in mechanical and physical skill. The composition of the structure is the assimilated material secured from the nutritive substances ingested and conveyed to the various parts of the body. The whole system is a laboratory of chemic evolutions and synthetic combinations presided over by the mysterious monitor called life. Science, in the supreme sense, is applied in the construction of this handiwork by the creator of a mechanism unequaled in beauty, symmetry and potentialities, far beyond the highest achievement of the finite being man. It is man's privilege to investigate this creation and interrogate every step in its development, in its normal existence, in its decline and destruction. To do this it is, however, necessary to follow along the line which governs its existence and
Megestrol for AIDS-Related Anorexia
Authors: Neil M. Flynn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 June 1995Megestrol for AIDS-Related AnorexiaNeil M. Flynn, Sheila R. Enders, Michelle H. Oster, and Jamie H. Von RoennNeil M. FlynnSearch for more papers by this author, Sheila R. EndersSearch for more papers by this author, Michelle H. OsterSearch for more papers by this author, and Jamie H. Von RoennSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-11-199506010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We are pleased that the articles [1, 2] reporting the results of two multicenter, placebo-controlled trials on the effect of megestrol acetate in patients with AIDS-related cachexia generated several thoughtful letters.The comments of Drs. Hengge and associates and Dr. Cook about alternative drug therapies (oxymetholone and prednisone) for AIDS-related cachexia are intriguing. With regard to prednisone, the anecdotal report of “dramatic weight gain and increased appetite” is surprising because prednisone treatment of cancer-related anorexia and cachexia has not resulted in a sustained increase in food intake or significant improvement in weight [3, 4]. We eagerly await a ...References1. Von Roenn JH, Armstrong D, Kotler DP, Cohn DL, Klimas NG, Tchekmedyian NS, et al. Megestrol acetate in patients with AIDS-related cachexia. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:393-9. Google Scholar2. Oster MH, Enders SR, Samuels SJ, Cone LA, Hooton TM, Browder HP, et al. Megestrol acetate in patients with AIDS and cachexia. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:400-8. Google Scholar3. Willox JC, Corr J, Shaw J, Richardson M, Calman KC, Drennan M. Prednisone as an appetite stimulant in patients with cancer. Br Med J. 1984; 288:37. Google Scholar4. Bruera E, Roca E, Cedaro L, Carraro S, Chacon R. Action of oral methylprednisolone in terminal cancer patients: a prospective randomized double-blind study. Cancer Treatment Report. 1985; 69:751-4. Google Scholar5. Kotler DP, Tierney AR, Wang J, Pierson RN Jr. Magnitude of body-cell-mass depletion and the timing of death from wasting in AIDS. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989; 50:444-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1995Volume 122, Issue 11Page: 879-881KeywordsAIDSBody weightDrug therapyDrugsEatingFood and Drug AdministrationForecastingNutritionSteroid hormonesWeight gain ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 June 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Biologic Activity and Pharmacokinetics of Biosynthetic Human Insulin in the Rat
Authors: Philippe A Halban, Michael Berger, Asllan Gjinovci, Albert E Renold
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

The biologic potency (plasma glucose depression) of pancreatic human insulin was compared with that of biosynthetic human insulin (BHI), manufactured by recombinant DNA techniques in bacteria, following intravenous injection in rats. The specific activity of the pancreatic human insulin was 32 U/mg, while that for BHI was 27 U/mg. These values were not significantly difference, but were higher than the value for pancreatic pork insulin (25 U/mg). The pharmacokinetics of i.v. injected A14-mono-125I-insulin (pork) were found to be similar to those observed for semisynthetic [3H]insulin (pork), the respective metabolic clearance rates (MCR) being 20.8 ± 0.8 ml/min/kg (N = 4) and 23.6 ± 1 ml/min/kg (N = 5) (P &amp;gt; 0.1). The MCR for A14-mono-125I-BHI was 24.6 ± 2.2 ml/min/kg (N = 4), which was significantly higher (P &amp;gt; 0.025) than the value for A14-mono-125I-pork insulin. BHI is thus no less active than pork insulin in rats and possibly somewhat more active. The small difference in activity may be due to increased affinity for rat insulin receptors, resulting in a more rapid MCR for BHI. In addition, the A14-monoiodinated insulin tracer used in these studies is indistinguishable from semisynthetic [3H]insulin in terms of its rate of clearance, indicating that the insulin molecule has not suffered any iodination damage and is thus a valid tracer for metabolic and receptor studies.
The Hemolysis of Red Cells from Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria by Partially Purified Subcomponents of the Third Complement Component*
Authors: Stanley Yachnin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

The following abbreviations are used: C', complement; C'1, C'2, C'3, C'4, the first, second, third, or fourth com- ponent of complement; R1, R2, R3, R4, RP, serum lack- ing the designated complement component, or properdin; C'la, C'2a, activated first or second complement com- ponents; C'lq, C'lr, C'ls, subcomponents of the first component of complement; E, erythrocytes; A, antibody or amboceptor; EA, sensitized erythrocytes (usually sheep red cells) ; EAC' . .., sensitized erythrocytes bearing complement components as designated by sub- script; PNH, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria; PNHE, red cells from patients with paroxysmal noc- turnal hemoglobinuria; NHE, normal human red cells; hu, human; gp, guinea pig; EDTA, ethylenediamine tetra- acetate.The subcomponents of human C'3 are designated by the notation C'3a, C'3b, C'3c (1).
Right Ventricular Infarction in Tetralogy of Fallot Thallium Myocardial Imaging
Authors: C R WILLIAMS, S R KOTTAMASU, C E KELLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A 47-year-old white man was seen because of substernal chest pain radiating to his left arm. His electrocardiogram showed changes of inferior wall ischemia as well as Q waves in leads III and AVF. The clinical diagnosis was acute inferior myocardial infarction, which was confirmed with a Tc-99m pyrophosphate scan obtained 3 days after the onset of chest pain. A coronary angiogram was obtained 3 days later, which demonstrated occlusion of the proximal right coronary artery. A subsequent stress thallium scan, obtained 1 year later, showed prominent right ventricular activity suggesting severe hypertrophy and evidence of infarction of the inferior wall of the right and left ventricles. The patient's past medical history was significant for tetralogy of Fallot for which he had undergone repair of a ventricular septal defect and infundibular pulmonic stenosis at 23 years of age.