tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in myocardial metabolism during therapy in patients with chronic stable angina: a comparison of long-term dosing with propranolol and nicardipine.
Authors: M F Rousseau, C Hanet, E Pardonge-Lavenne, G Van den Berghe, F Van Hoof, H Pouleur
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The long-term effects of antianginal therapy on coronary blood flow and myocardial metabolism were studied in 35 patients with chronic stable angina. Arterial and coronary sinus blood samples and coronary blood flow measurements were obtained before and after 1 month of oral administration of propranolol or of the calcium antagonist nicardipine. When the data obtained at a fixed heart rate (10% to 15% above the pretreatment sinus rhythm) were compared, no significant differences were evidenced between the propranolol and the nicardipine groups. Coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen uptake were unchanged with both drugs. Myocardial lactate uptake increased in 11 patients of the propranolol group (from -2 +/- 42 to 66 +/- 47 mumol/min, p less than .001) and in 11 patients of the nicardipine group (from 0 +/- 36 to 31 +/- 29 mumol/min, p less than .001). In these 22 patients, the increase in lactate uptake was accompanied by reductions in uptake of free fatty acids and by a decrease in the coronary sinus concentration of thromboxane B2 from 131 +/- 87 to 61 +/- 32 pg/ml (p less than .01), whereas the transcardiac release of prostacyclin increased. None of these changes in free fatty acids or in prostanoid handling were observed in the nine patients (five in the propranolol and four in the nicardipine group) in whom lactate uptake was not augmented. During pacing-induced tachycardia, the metabolic effects of the two drugs appeared different. Myocardial lactate uptake decreased more in the patients receiving propranolol than in those receiving nicardipine and the combined productions of alanine and glutamine rose by 3.2 +/- 5.8 mumol/min in the propranolol group while it decreased by 3.1 +/- 8.2 mumol/min in the nicardipine group (p less than .025 propranolol vs nicardipine). In conclusion, long-term antianginal therapy with propranolol or nicardipine improved several markers of myocardial ischemia in approximately two-thirds of the patients. Although the changes observed at low heart rates were similar with the two drugs, the data also suggest that better metabolic protection is provided by the calcium antagonist during pacing-induced tachycardia.
Surgical treatment of congenital valvular aortic stenosis.
Authors: L Chiariello, P Vlad, S Subramanian
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Twenty-two patients with congenital valvular aortic stenosis were surgically treated between 1967 and July 1975. Five (23%) were under 1 year of age (group I) and 17 (77%) were between 2 and 24 years (group II). All infants exhibited severe congestive heart failure and electrocardiographi (ECG) evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with strain pattern. In group II, angina was present in three cases, syncope and fatigue in two; the ECG indicated LVH in 10 cases (59%) with strain pattern in five (29%). A bicuspid aortic valve was present in 77% (17/22) of the cases; 32% had other cardiac anomalies. Aortic valvotomy was performed on cardiopulmonary bypass in 20 cases, and with deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest in two. Three infants under 1 month of age with associated anomalies died (hospital mortality 14%). Intraoperative average peak left ventricular-aortic systolic pressure gradient decreased from 86 to 21 mmHg (P less than 0.001). Late clinical (in all cases) and haemodynamic (26%) follow-up showed severe restenosis in two patients of group II; one of them had a second operation, the other one died three and a half years postoperatively. Results assessed on the basis of symptoms, ECG changes, aortic valve function, and/or haemodynamic findings were fair in the two surviving infants. Results in group II were excellent in three, satisfactory in seven, fair in four, and poor in two cases. In infants, aortic valvotomy is a palliative procedure which carries a high risk. In the older age group, early and late results are more gratifying.
Changes in vessel wall plasminogen activator activity and smooth muscle cell proliferation and activation after arterial injury
Authors: R. S More, M. J Underwood, M. J Brack, D. P de Bono, A. H Gershlick
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Objectives: The aim was to examine changes in vessel wall fibrinolytic activity following angioplasty and to assess any relationship to changes in smooth muscle cell proliferation and activation. Methods: Balloon angioplasty was performed to the iliac arteries of New Zealand White rabbits and vessel wall changes assessed at 2 h, 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, and 1 month postprocedure. Tissue-type (tPA) and urokinase-type (uPA) plasminogen activator activity was assessed using chromogenic substrate assays, while smooth muscle cell proliferation and activation was monitored using expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) respectively. Results: Intimal thickening progressively increased up to 1 month. uPA activity increased at 2 h [1.94(SEM 0.19) v 1.59(0.05) U·mg−1 tissue for control vessels, P = 0.03], remained increased at 24 h, but by 7 d had decreased to below control levels and remained low. In contrast, tPA activity fell significantly at 2 h [0.9(0.3) v 1.96(0.13) μg·mg−1 tissue for control vessels, P = 0.03], remained low at 24 h, but by 7 d had reverted back to control levels [2.19(0.39) μg·mg−1. PCNA positivity of the media increased at day 1, reached maximum on day 7 [16.9(5.1)% positively staining cells] before returning to baseline by 1 month. PCNA positivity of the intima first evident at day 7 [0.7(0.3)%], reached a maximum at day 14 [4.1(0.4)%]. bFGF expression increased early at 2 h [mean(SE) positively staining cells: 15.7(5.3)% v 11.2(4.8)% for control vessels] and continued to increase, reaching a maximum in the media at day 7 [59(8.6)%] and in the intima at day 14 [57.5(5.7)%]. Conclusions: Balloon injury produced an initial fall in tPA and rise in uPA activity. tPA increased back to control levels by 7 d, while uPA fell to below control levels at 7 d and 1 month. This would be compatible with a mechanism whereby acute injury suppressed tPA and upregulated uPA activity, with increased tPA activity acting as a marker for vessel repair.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN THE LOWER ANIMALS.Presented before the American Microscopical Society. 1894 meeting, and read by V. A. Latham, D.D.S., before the Chicago Pathological Society, Oct. 8, 1894.
Authors: EVA H. FIELD
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The study of disease among the animals used for food has occupied much of the time of our most earnest investigators; the horse, probably on account of his great value as a carrier, has received his share of attention, but I find that "the children's playmates," the cats and dogs, have been in a measure neglected. There is, I think, no little danger in this fact, inasmuch as enough cases have been reported to prove that these animals are subject to diphtheria, pneumonia, asthma, tuberculosis, cancer, etc. <i>Historical Sketch</i>.—Osler says: "Cats are subject to a pseudo-membranous disease, and there are many cases on record in which children appear to have caught diphtheria from them." "On the other hand," he says, "I know of one case in which a cat died of angina and intense pseudo-membranous colitis and the children who nursed it did not take the disease; and of a
CpG methylation patterns and decitabine treatment response in acute myeloid leukemia cells and normal hematopoietic precursors
Authors: S Negrotto, K P Ng, A M Jankowska, J Bodo, B Gopalan, K Guinta, J C Mulloy, E Hsi, J Maciejewski, Y Saunthararajah
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Specific Relationship Between Prefrontal Neuronal<i>N</i>-Acetylaspartate and Activation of the Working Memory Cortical Network in Schizophrenia
Authors: Alessandro Bertolino, Giuseppe Esposito, Joseph H. Callicott, Venkata S. Mattay, John D. Van Horn, Joseph A. Frank, Karen Faith Berman, Daniel R. Weinberger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Abnormal activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and a related cortical network during working memory tasks has been demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia, but the responsible mechanism has not been identified. The present study was performed to determine whether neuronal pathology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is linked to the activation of the working memory cortical network in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The brains of 13 patients with schizophrenia and 13 comparison subjects were studied with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic (1H-MRS) imaging (to measure N-acetylaspartate as a marker of neuronal pathology) and with [15O]water positron emission tomography (PET) during performance of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (to measure activation of the working memory cortical network). An independent cohort of patients (N=7) was also studied in a post hoc experiment with 1H-MRS imaging and with the same PET technique during performance of another working memory task (the “N-back” task). RESULTS: Measures of N-acetylaspartate in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex strongly correlated with activation of the distributed working memory network, including the dorsolateral prefrontal, temporal, and inferior parietal cortices, during both working memory tasks in the two independent groups of patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, N-acetylaspartate in other cortical regions and in comparison subjects did not show these relationships. CONCLUSIONS: These findings directly implicate a population of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex neurons as selectively accounting for the activity of the distributed working memory cortical network in schizophrenia and complement other evidence that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity is fundamental to the pathophysiology of the disorder.
Fallot's Tetralogy with Multiple Congenital Abnormalities
Authors: J. Wolf
Journal: BMJ (1955)

During the next day she was somewhat drowsy, but rational and capable of answering questions.By the morning of October 31 she was fully recovered and later consented to have further mental hospital treatment as a voluntary patient.Animal experiments conducted by Margolin et al. (1951) showed that the dose that killed 50% of test rodents (LDso) varied from 600 to 900 mg. per kg.Recoveries in adult humans have been reported after ingestion of 6.25 g. (Bourne, 1954) and 8.75 g. (Lemere, 1952), but the single fatality on record is thought to have followed the ingestion of 4.5 to 6 g. (Cares et al., 1953).
P2-217: Phase II study of TS-1(S) plus cisplatin(P) with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Toshiaki Takahashi, Fumiyoshi Ohyanagi, Atsushi Horiike, Takeshi Horai, Kotaro Gomi, Hideyuki Harada, Yukiko Nakamura, Haruyasu Murakami, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Makoto Nishio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
The mononucleotide-dependent, nonantisense mechanism of action of phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligonucleotides depends upon the activity of an ecto-5′-nucleotidase
Authors: Maria Koziolkiewicz, Edyta Gendaszewska, Maria Maszewska, C. A. Stein, Wojciech J. Stec
Journal: Blood (2001)
US needs new strategy to help 116 million patients in chronic pain
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A new report from the US Institute of Medicine calls for “a cultural transformation” in the way chronic pain is viewed, treated, and researched. The report says that it is a public health challenge needing an overarching strategy and prompt, sustained action.

At least one in three US adults, an estimated 116 million people, suffer from chronic pain—more than the sum total of the number of people with heart disease, cancer, or diabetes. The annual economic burden is as much as $635bn (£400bn; €440bn) in medical treatment and lost productivity, shows an analysis conducted for the report.

But the figures may be underestimated, because of poor data collection and …
Photo-onycholysis caused by demethylchlortetracycline.
Authors: H J Bethell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

metabolism in the liver is unknown. 9The pharmacokinetics of disulfiram have not been elucidated because there are no sensitive and specific methods of determining disulfiram and its metabolites.Acute toxicity studies with disulfiram in rats have shown no signs of liver necrosis but disulfiram decreases the drug metabolising capacity of the liver.'°11This mechanism probably accounts for disulfiram's inhibition of diphenylhydantoin and warfarin metabolism.'2 13 Our findings indicate that long-term toxicity studies in animals should be performed to detect possible hepatic damage after pro- prolonged administration of disulfiram.We thank Dr K Winkler for allowing us to report observations in case 1.
Surgery for Rectal Prolapse in the Soviet Union
Authors: James E. Brussel
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  In my humble opinionThe Journalhas no right to comment on Mr. Khrushchev's removal or to recommend a cure for the bottom falling out of the Russian government. Such prerogatives are indicated by your headline Surgery for Rectal Prolapse in the Soviet Union (INTERNATIONAL COMMENTS, JAMA  190 :1143 [Dec 28] 1964).
Lichen planus with late onset hypogammaglobulinaemia: a causal relationship?
Authors: R.J. MANN, T.B. WALLINGTON, R.P. WARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Lichen planus with late onset hypogammaglobulinaemia: a causal relationship? Get access R.J. MANN, R.J. MANN Bristol Royal Infirmary, Souchmead Road, Bristol ; Dr R.J.Mann, Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.B. WALLINGTON, T.B. WALLINGTON South Western Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Souchmead Road, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P. WARIN R.P. WARIN Bristol Royal Infirmary, Souchmead Road, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 106, Issue 3, 1 March 1982, Pages 357–360, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb01736.x Published: 01 March 1982 Article history Accepted: 23 May 1981 Published: 01 March 1982
Hospital admission through the emergency department
Authors: S. S. Tachakra
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —We were intrigued by the Editorial 1 on hospital admissions through the emergency department (ED). In it, Olson quoted the findings of Stern et al 2 that, even with adjustments for diagnosis related groups, severity of illness, age, and income, patients admitted through the ED incurred 13% higher hospital charges, and hospital stays were 27% longer than for patients admitted through other routes.  Because National Health Service hospitals do not have the ability to put a price on each hospital stay, we undertook a similar study of 7213 patients and found that persons admitted through the ED stayed 30% longer when using the criteria of Stern et al. We then adjusted the figures taking two factors into account: recovery and disability.  Recovery from acute illness or injury is affected by the general fitness of the patient and the presence of associated disease. Bearing this in mind, a
Natural History of Pulmonary Hypertension in Surgically Treated Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: ISAM N. ANABTAWI, ROBERT G. ELLISON, LOIS T. ELLISON
Journal: Circulation (1965)

One hundred consecutive surgically treated patients with patent ductus arteriosus underwent preoperative and/or pulmonary artery and aortic pressure measurements at the time of surgery, prior to and following temporary occlusion or division of the ductus. Patients with persistent elevation in pressure following division of the ductus subsequently underwent single or multiple catheterizations at various intervals ranging between one and four years following surgery. Pulmonary hypertension prior to division was present in 35 patients (35%). This was mild in 19, moderate in nine, and severe in seven. The pressure returned to normal immediately after division of the ductus in 13, indicating that in this group the pressure elevation was hyperkinetic. In 22, the pressure remained elevated immediately after division, pulmonary hypertension being mild in seven, moderate in eight, and severe in seven. In the mild group, the pressure subsequently returned to normal in all but one. In the moderate group, the pressure failed to return to normal in six out of eight, indicating the presence of vaso-occlusive changes in the pulmonary bed. The pressure usually exceeded 60 mm Hg systolic. In seven patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, division was performed in four. Two died in the immediate postoperative period, and two survived. Follow-up cardiac catheterization showed a return of pressure to normal in one and persistent elevation in the other. Of three patients in whom division was not performed, two are living and well two and seven years later, respectively, and one has been lost to follow-up. Although the rate of blood flow and vaso-constriction contributed considerably to the elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure, the blood pressure failed to return to normal in the majority of patients whose systolic pressure was elevated in excess of 60 mm Hg after division of the ductus, indicating pathological pulmonary vascular alterations.
Functional Recovery After Human Heart Transplantation Is Related to the Metabolic Condition of the Hypothermic Donor Heart
Authors: J. Onno Van Dobbenburgh, Jaap R. Lahpor, Stephen R. Woolley, Nicolaas de Jonge, Corinne Klo¨pping, Cees J.A. Van Echteld
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Although strict selection criteria are being used for the acceptance of human donor hearts for transplantation, problems with respect to functional recovery on reperfusion sometimes still occur. Therefore, evaluation of the viability of a human donor heart before implantation during heart transplantation may be of great value.In the present study, the energy metabolism of 25 excised human donor hearts arrested with St Thomas' Hospital No. 2 cardioplegic solution was evaluated noninvasively by use of 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) before implantation and was correlated with myocardial function measured with thermodilution in heart transplant patients. No significant correlation was observed between the cardiac index of heart transplant patients during the first hours after transplantation and the phosphocreatine/ATP (r = .13, P = .54), inorganic phosphate/ATP (r = .26, P = .21), phosphomonoesters/ATP (r = .02, P = .92), or phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate (r = .16, P = .44) ratio or the intracellular pH (r = .06, P = .78) at the time of reperfusion. However, 1 week after transplantation, a significant correlation was observed between the cardiac index and the phosphocreatine/ATP (r = .49, P = .01), phosphomonoesters/ATP (r = .45, P = .02), and phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate (r = .40, P = .05) ratios at the time of reperfusion. In contrast, the inorganic phosphate/ATP (r = .10, P = .63) ratio and pH (r = .31, P = .13) at the time of reperfusion showed a poor correlation with the cardiac index 1 week after transplantation.Functional recovery after human heart transplantation is related to the metabolic condition of the hypothermic donor heart.
The Use of Old Tuberculin Ointment in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lupus Vulgaris
Authors: A. Verge, Ch. M. Sydney
Journal: BMJ (1910)

LUPUSI MzDw" JQUaW -202 Whether truss or belt be ordered must depend upon various factors-physique, age, duties in life, etc.A truss is less bulky, but perhaps more rigid and uncomfortable at first; many women prefer the comfort of warmth and sense of general support conferred by a belt.In either case the strength and stoutness of the instru- ment should be graduated to the life it is meant to assist.Belt pads should always be pneumatic, and also gradu- ated in size to the individual; these pads are sometimes fixed too low down on the belts-the exact best position -can generally be sketched upon the patient if necessary. Application.It is most important that the support should be properly applied; and this must alway8 be carefully demonstrated to the patient, who should lie fiat upon the back with a pillow under the hips.The belt can then be fixed in
SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH TRANSPLANTED KIDNEYS
Authors: THOMAS E. STARZL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Letters and Comments1 November 1965SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH TRANSPLANTED KIDNEYSTHOMAS E. STARZL, M.D.THOMAS E. STARZL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-901 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In the September 1964 issue of the ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE we reported follow-ups on the first 51 cases treated at the University of Colorado with renal homografts from living volunteer donors. At the time the manuscript was prepared, in early June of 1964, 30 of the 51 patients were still alive after 4 to 19 months.In the ensuing 15 months ending in September, 1965, only one additional patient has succumbed (LD 23), from a combination of hepatitis and bacterial sepsis. The other 29 are still alive with continuing function of the same homografts. The survival... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: THOMAS E. STARZL, M.D.Affiliations: University of Colorado Medical Center Denver, Colo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHerausforderungen in der Organisation „investigator initiated trials“ 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 901-901KeywordsHepatitis AHomograftsKidneysSepsis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Detection of Aortic Insufficiency by Standard Echocardiography, Pulsed Doppler Echocardiography, and Auscultation
Authors: PAUL A. GRAYBURN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

To determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of noninvasive methods for detecting aortic insufficiency, we compared the accuracy of auscultation, echocardiography, and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in detecting aortic insufficiency in 106 patients in whom the presence or absence of the lesion was shown by supravalvular aortography. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of aortic regurgitation was 96% and 96% for pulsed Doppler echocardiography, 73% and 92% for auscultation, 43% and 91% for two-dimensional echocardiography, 46% and 81% for anterior mitral leaflet flutter, and 9% and 96% for ventricular septal flutter, respectively. Auscultation was more sensitive than either M-mode or two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic insufficiency (p less than 0.01). Pulsed Doppler echocardiography was significantly more sensitive than auscultation (p less than 0.0001) and was positive in 19 patients in whom no murmur was found. Thus, pulsed Doppler echocardiography is the optimal noninvasive marker for aortic insufficiency.