tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P114 Difficult asthma: the Plymouth experience
Authors: B. Castell, D. Pike, M. Masoli
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Difficult asthma represents a significant unmet clinical need and burden on healthcare resources. We recently set up a difficult asthma clinic (DAC) in Plymouth and conducted an observational study of our experience to date. <h3>Methods</h3> The DAC started in April 2010 evaluating patients using a systematic multidisciplinary approach. Patients were symptomatic at = Step 4 BTS guidelines and arose from a combination of cross referrals, inherited patients and asthmatics under regular chest clinic follow-up. <h3>Results</h3> 113 patients were evaluated within the DAC. 74 women. Mean age 48 yrs. 15 patients were felt either not to have asthma or asthma was not the primary diagnosis. Diagnoses included bronchiectasis (3), Goitre (1), obliterative bronchiolitis (1), tracheal involvement from ulcerative colitis (1), chronic pulmonary emboli (1), Churg-Strauss syndrome (1). 98 patients had difficult asthma. 14 patients had an occupational element, three with reactive airways dysfunction syndrome. 72 had comorbidities which included: vocal cord dysfunction/dysfunctional breathing (19), bronchiectasis (20), Class II Obesity (19), COPD/emphysema (9), GORD (31), immune deficiency (5), OSA (5), psychological (11), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (2). Medication at baseline: 46 patients were on long term oral corticosteroids (OCS) (mean 22 mg/d). Most patients were able to significantly reduce their OCS dose, mean reduction 53%. 12 were able to discontinue OCS entirely. Mean inhaled corticosteroid dose 2287 mcg/d (BDP equivalent). Subcutaneous terbutaline (3), cyclosporin (2), Anti-IgE therapy (1). Currently seven on anti-IgE therapy. 58 had severe refractory asthma by American Thoracic Society criteria. Mean IgE 531 kU/l, mean FeNO 40.5 ppb.15/58 had fungal sensitivity. Adherence: 1 of 12 patients tested was identified as non-adherent with undetectable prednisolone level and normal cortisol. Healthcare utilisation: 68 patients with 12 months follow-up data demonstrated a significant reduction in hospitalisations compared to the previous 12 months, 1.00 vs 0.53. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study highlights the importance of alternative diagnoses and comorbidities in the work up of difficult asthma. IgE and FeNO were higher than expected as was adherence to OCS compared to published studies. The implementation of a DAC has reduced hospital admissions, reduced OCS requirement and enhanced access to treatments such as Anti-IgE therapy.
Abstract LB-75: Glucocorticoid receptor activation inhibits p53-induced apoptosis of MCF10A myc cells via induction of protein kinase C epsilon
Authors: Moammir H. Aziz, Hong Shen, Carl G. Maki
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a ligand dependent transcription factor that can promote apoptosis or survival in a cell specific manner. Activated GR has been reported to inhibit apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and breast cancer cells by increasing expression of pro-survival genes. In the current report, activated GR inhibited p53-dependent apoptosis in MCF10Amyc cells, immortalized MECs that are p53 wild-type and overexpress the MYC oncogene. Specifically, GR agonists hydrocortisone or dexamethasone (Dex) inhibited p53- dependent apoptosis induced in these cells by Cisplatin (Cis), ionizing radiation (IR), or the MDM2 antagonist Nutlin-3. In contrast, the GR antagonist RU486 sensitized the cells to apoptosis by these agents. Apoptosis inhibition was associated with maintenance of mitochondria membrane potential, diminished caspase 3 and 7 activation, and increased expression at both the mRNA and protein level of the antiapoptotic PKC family member, PKCepsilon (PKCε). Knockdown of PKCε via siRNA targeting reversed the protective effect of Dex and restored sensitivity to Cis, IR, and Nutlin-3 (Nutlin)-induced apoptosis. These data provide strong evidence that activated GR can inhibit p53-dependent apoptosis through induction of the anti-apoptotic factor PKCε. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-75. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-75
Synthesis and antiviral activities of a novel class of thioflavone and flavonoid analogues
Authors: Dajun Zhang, Xingyue Ji, Rongmei Gao, Huiqiang Wang, Shuai Meng, Zhaojin Zhong, Yuhuan Li, Jiandong Jiang, Zhuorong Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

A novel class of thioflavone and flavonoid derivatives has been prepared and their antiviral activities against enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and B6 (CVB6) were evaluated. Compounds 7d and 9b showed potent antiviral activities against EV71 with IC50 values of 8.27 and 5.48 μM, respectively. Compound 7f, which has been synthesized for the first time in this work, showed the highest level of inhibitory activity against both CVB3 and CVB6 with an IC50 value of 0.62 and 0.87 μM. Compounds 4b, 7a, 9c and 9e also showed strong inhibitory activities against both the CVB3 and CVB6 at low concentrations (IC50=1.42−7.15 μM), whereas compounds 4d, 7c, 7e and 7g showed strong activity against CVB6 (IC50=2.91–3.77 μM) together with low levels of activity against CVB3. Compound 7d exhibited stronger inhibitory activity against CVB3 (IC50=6.44 μM) than CVB6 (IC50>8.29 μM). The thioflavone derivatives 7a, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f and 7g, represent a new class of lead compounds for the development of novel antiviral agents.
Use of the Internet and E-mail for Health Care Information
Authors: Laurence Baker, Todd H. Wagner, Sara Singer, M. Kate Bundorf
Journal: JAMA (2003)

The Internet has attracted considerable attention as a means to improve health and health care delivery, but it is not clear how prevalent Internet use for health care really is or what impact it has on health care utilization. Available estimates of use and impact vary widely. Without accurate estimates of use and effects, it is difficult to focus policy discussions or design appropriate policy activities.To measure the extent of Internet use for health care among a representative sample of the US population, to examine the prevalence of e-mail use for health care, and to examine the effects that Internet and e-mail use has on users' knowledge about health care matters and their use of the health care system.Survey conducted in December 2001 and January 2002 among a sample drawn from a research panel of more than 60 000 US households developed and maintained by Knowledge Networks. Responses were analyzed from 4764 individuals aged 21 years or older who were self-reported Internet users.Self-reported rates in the past year of Internet and e-mail use to obtain information related to health, contact health care professionals, and obtain prescriptions; perceived effects of Internet and e-mail use on health care use.Approximately 40% of respondents with Internet access reported using the Internet to look for advice or information about health or health care in 2001. Six percent reported using e-mail to contact a physician or other health care professional. About one third of those using the Internet for health reported that using the Internet affected a decision about health or their health care, but very few reported impacts on measurable health care utilization; 94% said that Internet use had no effect on the number of physician visits they had and 93% said it had no effect on the number of telephone contacts. Five percent or less reported use of the Internet to obtain prescriptions or purchase pharmaceutical products.Although many people use the Internet for health information, use is not as common as is sometimes reported. Effects on actual health care utilization are also less substantial than some have claimed. Discussions of the role of the Internet in health care and the development of policies that might influence this role should not presume that use of the Internet for health information is universal or that the Internet strongly influences health care utilization.
Dr G. A. Grant Peterkin M.B.E., M.B.Ch.B., F.R.C.P.(Ed)
Authors: J. A.A. HUNTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Dr G. A. Grant Peterkin M.B.E., M.B.Ch.B., F.R.C.P.(Ed) Get access J. A.A. HUNTER J. A.A. HUNTER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 4, 1 April 1988, Pages 579–580, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02470.x Published: 01 April 1988
Laminins affect T cell trafficking and allograft fate
Authors: Kristi J. Warren, Daiki Iwami, Donald G. Harris, Jonathan S. Bromberg, Bryna E. Burrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Lymph nodes (LNs) are integral sites for the generation of immune tolerance, migration of CD4⁺ T cells, and induction of Tregs. Despite the importance of LNs in regulation of inflammatory responses, the LN-specific factors that regulate T cell migration and the precise LN structural domains in which differentiation occurs remain undefined. Using intravital and fluorescent microscopy, we found that alloreactive T cells traffic distinctly into the tolerant LN and colocalize in exclusive regions with alloantigen-presenting cells, a process required for Treg induction. Extracellular matrix proteins, including those of the laminin family, formed regions within the LN that were permissive for colocalization of alloantigen-presenting cells, alloreactive T cells, and Tregs. We identified unique expression patterns of laminin proteins in high endothelial venule basement membranes and the cortical ridge that correlated with alloantigen-specific immunity or immune tolerance. The ratio of laminin α4 to laminin α5 was greater in domains within tolerant LNs, compared with immune LNs, and blocking laminin α4 function or inducing laminin α5 overexpression disrupted T cell and DC localization and transmigration through tolerant LNs. Furthermore, reducing α4 laminin circumvented tolerance induction and induced cardiac allograft inflammation and rejection in murine models. This work identifies laminins as potential targets for immune modulation.
ADJOURNED DISCUSSION ON THE RATIONALE AND PRACTICE OF CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: J. E. R. McDONAGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1916)

Journal Article ADJOURNED DISCUSSION ON THE RATIONALE AND PRACTICE OF CHEMOTHERAPY Get access J. E. R. McDONAGH, F.R.C.S. J. E. R. McDONAGH, F.R.C.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 28, Issue 7-9, 9 July 1916, Pages 207–229, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1916.tb16777.x Published: 09 July 1916
Does the gender of the cardiologist have an impact on the noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease in women and men?
Authors: Barbara Buergi Wegmann, Gabor Suetsch, Hans Rickli, Burkhart Seifert, Joerg Muntwyler, Wolfgang Amann, Wolfgang Kiowski, Thomas F. Luescher, Juraj Turina, Christine H.Attenhofer Jost
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Mortal Secrets: Truth and Lies in the Age of AIDS
Authors: L. K. Waldner
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lesson of the week Norwegian scabies misdiagnosed as an adverse drug reaction
Authors: D S Almond
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Care home residents have complex care and support needs, as demonstrated by their vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a perception that the needs of residents have increased, but evidence is limited. We investigated changes in health and functioning of care home residents over two decades in England and Wales. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a repeated cross-sectional analysis over a 24-year period (1992-2016), using data from three longitudinal studies, the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS) I and II and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). To adjust for ageing of respondents over time results are presented for the 75-84 age group. <h3>Results</h3> Analysis of 2,280 observations from 1,745 care home residents demonstrated increases in severe disability (difficulty in at least two from washing, dressing and toileting). The prevalence of severe disability increased from 63% in 1992 to 87% in 2014 (subsequent fall in 2016 although wide confidence intervals). The prevalence of complex multimorbidity (problems in at least three out of six body systems) increased within studies over time, from 33% to 54% in CFAS I/II between 1992 and 2012, and 26% to 54% in ELSA between 2006 and 2016. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Over two decades, there has been an increase in disability and the complexity of health problems amongst care home residents in England and Wales. A rise in support needs for residents places increasing demands on care home staff and health professionals. This is an important concern for policymakers when considering the impact of COVID-19 infection in care homes. <h3>Key points</h3> Care home residents have complex care and support needs, which has contributed to their vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a perception that the needs of care home residents have increased over time, the epidemiological evidence is limited. This study demonstrates an increase in the level of disability and the complexity of health problems amongst care home residents in England and Wales over two decades. The rise in support needs for care home residents places increasing demands on care home staff and health professionals, and should be an important consideration for policymakers and service commissioners when considering the impact of current and future waves of COVID-19 infection in this setting.
Possible risks to patients receiving statins combined with other medications
Authors: Philip D Hansten
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)

The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute (ACC/AHA/NHLBI) Clinical Advisory on Statins [(1)][1]was a timely review of an important issue, but I believe that additional information on the issue of drug interactions would be helpful to
Cognitive Outcome After Off-Pump and On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery&lt;SUBTITLE&gt;A Randomized Trial&lt;/SUBTITLE&gt;
Authors: Diederik Van Dijk
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ContextCoronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is associated with a decline in cognitive function, which has largely been attributed to the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump procedures). Cardiac stabilizers facilitate CABG surgery without use of cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump procedures) and should reduce the cognitive decline associated with on-pump procedures.ObjectiveTo compare the effect of CABG surgery with (on-pump) and without (off-pump) cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive outcome.Design and SettingRandomized controlled trial conducted in the Netherlands of CABG surgery patients enrolled from March 1998 through August 2000, with 3- and 12-month follow-up.Participants and InterventionPatients scheduled for their first CABG surgery (mean age, 61 years; n = 281) were randomly assigned to off-pump surgery (n = 142) or on-pump surgery (n = 139).Main Outcome MeasuresCognitive outcome at 3 and 12 months, which was determined by psychologists (blinded for randomization) who administered 10 neuropsychological tests before and after surgery. Quality of life, stroke rate, and all-cause mortality at 3 and 12 months were secondary outcome measures.ResultsCognitive outcome could be determined at 3 months in 248 patients. Cognitive decline occurred in 21% in the off-pump group and 29% in the on-pump group (relative risk [RR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-1.16; P = .15). The overall standardized change score (ie, improvement of cognitive performance) was 0.19 in the off-pump vs 0.13 in the on-pump group (P = .03). At 12 months, cognitive decline occurred in 30.8% in the off-pump group and 33.6% in the on-pump group (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.52-1.49; P = .69). The overall standardized change score was 0.19 in the off-pump vs 0.12 in the on-pump group (P = .09). No statistically significant differences were observed between the on-pump and off-pump groups in quality of life, stroke rate, or all-cause mortality at 3 and 12 months.ConclusionPatients who received their first CABG surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass had improved cognitive outcomes 3 months after the procedure, but the effects were limited and became negligible at 12 months.
Women celebrate abortion bill victory
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The government has admitted that it will have to wait years before it discovers whether there are real productivity gains from the new consultants' contract.NHS leaders also told the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts last week that lessons had been learnt from mistakes made when the contract was introduced, such as not piloting it before implementation.They were giving evidence as part of the committee's inquiry into the consultants' contract.The session was prompted by the publication earlier this month of a report from the government's
A nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation and blast transformation.
Authors: Y Takasaki, J S Deng, E M Tan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

A nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen-PCNA) and blast transformation is recognized by autoantibodies in the sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. This autoantibody is a precipitating antibody and also reacts in immunofluorescence, staining the nucleoplasm of proliferating and blast-transformed cells. The autoantibody was used as a reagent to determine the distribution of PCNA in a synchronized continuous B lymphoid cell line (WiL-2) and in mitogen-induced blast-transformed lymphocytes. In WiL-2 cells, PCNA was detected as speckled nucleoplasmic staining in G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle. In addition, during late G1 and early S phases, PCNA was also detected in the nucleolus. During mitogen-induced blast transformation of lymphocytes, PCNA was noticed in the nucleolus before the initiation of DNA synthesis and later became nucleoplasmic with disappearance of nucleolar staining. These studies demonstrate that the relationship of PCNA to proliferation and blast transformation may be associated with events related to DNA synthesis in these cells.
Fending off the Potassium Pushers
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer, John T. Harrington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Over the past few decades the recommendations of many therapeutic enthusiasts have remained the same — namely, to prevent hypokalemia in diuretic-treated hypertensive patients by administering either potassium supplements or potassium-sparing agents. The putative rationale for this approach, however, has changed dramatically. Treatment was recommended initially simply because potassium deficiency was considered unhealthy, later because it might induce carbohydrate intolerance and hypercholesterolemia, and a few years ago because it might produce malignant arrhythmias in hypertensive patients, particularly those who sustained an acute myocardial infarction.1 Though cogent arguments have been adduced against these concerns,2 , 3 and though serious questions have been raised . . .
Secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA as a mediator connecting innate and adaptive immunity: new role in atherosclerosis
Authors: E. Ibeas, L. Fuentes, R. Martin, M. Hernandez, M. L. Nieto
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Human atherosclerotic plaques express markers of macrophage/dendritic cells as well as high levels of inflammatory proteins such as secreted phospholipase A(2) type IIA (sPLA(2)-IIA). To understand the cellular changes associated with the progress of atherosclerosis, we evaluated the role of sPLA(2)-IIA in mediating monocyte recruitment and differentiation into antigen-presenting cells.The effect of sPLA(2)-IIA on monocyte differentiation was evaluated in human THP-1 cells, a cellular line widely used as a model for monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Changes in functional processes, morphology and expression of antigens, characteristic of differentiated cells, were monitored over a 1-3 day period. sPLA(2)-IIA inhibited CD14 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and upregulated dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin levels at the cell surface, findings that were the same for human monocytes. In addition, sPLA(2)-IIA-differentiated cells showed a dendritic cell phenotype characterized by the generation of fine dendritic protrusions and an increase in surface markers such as CD40, CD83, CD54, CD61, and CD62L. Furthermore, cell adhesion, migration, endocytic activity, and allogeneic T cell proliferation capacity were markedly increased after sPLA(2)-IIA treatment.sPLA(2)-IIA induces the differentiation of mononuclear cells and increases their adhesive and migratory capabilities, which suggests a novel function for sPLA(2)-IIA as a mediator connecting innate and adaptive immunity. These findings may provide insight into the immuno-inflammatory processes occurring in atherosclerosis, helping us to understand the cellular changes associated with the development of atherosclerosis.
Identifying men at high risk of heart attacks: strategy for use in general practice.
Authors: A G Shaper, S J Pocock, A N Phillips, M Walker
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A strategy was devised for identifying men at high risk of acute myocardial infarction or sudden ischaemic death. A risk score was devised using cigarette smoking, mean blood pressure, recall of ischaemic heart disease or diabetes mellitus diagnosed by a doctor, history of parental death from "heart trouble," and the presence of angina reported on a questionnaire. The top fifth of the score distribution identified 53% of ischaemic heart disease cases--that is, men who subsequently experienced major ischaemic heart disease over the next five years. The addition of serum total cholesterol concentration and electrocardiographic evidence only slightly improved prediction (to 59%) and would have considerably increased the cost and effort of screening. Using this risk score on an opportunistic basis could be particularly valuable in general practice. Management of this high risk group is regarded as appropriate medical care and is complementary to the population approach to preventing ischaemic heart disease. Such a strategy for reducing the incidence of and mortality from ischaemic heart disease in men at high risk would also increase professional and public awareness of the need for preventive action.