tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injuries from tin cans in patients presenting to an accident and emergency department.
Authors: A W Crockett
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Myoglobinuric renal failure after prolonged sponsored activityUsing various parts of his body, a fourth Dan Master of Tae Kwon Do broke 2035 boards in four hours to raise money for the Live Aid appeal.Eight hours later he developed backache and acute renal failure.Examination showed extensive bruising of the right forearm.Myoglobin was detected in the plasma, and his urine, although dipstick positive for blood, contained no erythrocytes.Creatine phosphokinase activity was 1600 IU/l.Spontaneous recovery occurred after four haemodialyses.Trauma and excessive physical activity' caused renal failure in this pre- viously fit man.This case highlights the dangers of prolonged, severe physical exer- tion.-
Critical role of scavenger receptor-BI–expressing bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells in the attenuation of allograft vasculopathy after human apo A-I transfer
Authors: Yingmei Feng, Miranda van Eck, Eline Van Craeyveld, Frank Jacobs, Vincent Carlier, Sophie Van Linthout, Martin Erdel, Marc Tjwa, Bart De Geest
Journal: Blood (2008)
The Need for Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in T1/T2 Breast Cancer Surgery—Counterpoint
Authors: Michael S. Sabel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract For breast cancer patients, the role of the axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in the management of clinically node negative breast cancer patient has shifted from routine, to selective, to increasingly rare. With the publication of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial results, some are ready to announce the time of death of this procedure. However, many questions remain regarding the design and statistical interpretation of the study, the treatments the patients actually received, and its applicability in clinical practice in light of other studies concerning regional management. Thus, the reports of the ALND's death may be greatly exaggerated. Careful acknowledgement of the study's strengths and shortcomings, and more recent trial data, suggest that although ALND may be safely avoided in a subset of sentinel lymph node positive, Z0011-eligible patients, others may require multidisciplinary review and consensus, and a careful conversation with the patient, before deciding it is not necessary. Cancer Res; 73(24); 7156–60. ©2013 AACR.
Outbreak of Brucella melitensis Type 2 Infection in London
Authors: N. S. Galbraith, M. S. Ross, R. R. de Mowbray, D. J. H. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1969)

An outbreak of seven cases of Brucella melitensis infection in London was traced to Italian pecorino cheese (cheese made from unpasteurized sheep9s milk) which had been obtained from village markets in central Italy, brought back to England, and distributed to the affected persons. It is emphasized that pecorino cheese made from unpasteurized milk should not be eaten unless it is known to have been stored for at least 90 days, the period during which these cheeses have been shown to become free from viable brucella organisms.
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in a Juvenile Patient
Authors: Muhammad Umar Khan, Mohammad Khalid Nawaz, Muhammad Saadullah, Aamir Ali Syed, Raza Hussain, Rafay Azhar, Mazhar Ali Shah
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Juvenile differentiated carcinoma thyroid is a rare entity. It differs from adult differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a variety of ways, including large tumor volume at presentation with early involvement of the capsule, more frequent nodal and distant metastases, greater expression of sodium-iodide symporter and early recurrence. The overall survival seems to be better than for adult patients; however, due to high and early recurrence rates, prompt and adequate treatment is advocated. The mainstay of treatment includes total thyroidectomy, central lymphadenectomy with modified radical lateral lymphadenectomy, followed by ablation with radioactive iodine (RAI). Both modalities improve the final outcome, but RAI ablation decreases cause-specific death risk independent of the extent of surgery. We present the case of a 5-year-old girl, the youngest ever treated in our country with surgery and RAI therapy successfully after being diagnosed as papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, follicular variant.
Homer W. Smith: The nephrologist
Authors: Robert W. Berliner
Journal: Kidney International (1996)

If there is any group of people who do not need me to tell them about Homer Smith's contributions to renal physiology, this must certainly be it. We who tried to build on the foundation that he laid for us can be pleased to meet to honor his memory and also be happy that he chose to do at least some of his work in such an attractive spot for a summer interlude. Since I know that it is unlikely that I will tell you anything you do not already know, I shall be mercifully brief. If, in my brevity, I should seem to fall short of justice to Smith's contributions, I can refer you to my somewhat more extended tribute in a current issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology [1]. For two decades it was clearance methods that provided the major tool for the progress that was achieved in understanding how the kidney works. I do not mean to underestimate the contribution of micropuncture of the laboratory of A.N. Richards, but, until its revival and widespread propagation in the late 1950's, it had provided only a few fixed points from which studies in intact animals could provide a broader and more detailed map of the field. It was Smith who recognized the full potential of clearances as a tool for the quantitative assessment of many aspects of kidney function. Of course it is well known that van Slyke, not Smith, invented the term clearance [2]. But van Slyke conceived it only as an overall index of renal function and not as a specific identifiable volume. Also, Rehberg [3] recognized that the clearance of an appropriate substance could provide the value of the rate of glomerular filtration. But, unfortunately, he chose the wrong substance to measure glomerular filtration in humans, and, after comparing the excretion of urea and chloride with the clearance of exogenous creatinine, did not press the technique further. It seems appropriate on this occasion to note that the idea of using non-metabolized sugars for measuring glomerular filtration had its origin here, or should I say down the road, in Saisbury Cove where E.K. Marshall, Smith's friend and early mentor, found that no sugars appeared in the urine of aglomerular fish. The fact that sugars were not secreted by the renal tubules of course did not prove that they were not reabsorbed. The latter, unfortunately, led to a number of studies in Smith's lab in which the clearance of xylose was assumed to be equal to glomerular filtration rate, until roughly simultaneously in Smith's lab and that of Richards, inulin was found to be the right one to use. From that time the use of inulin made it possible to measure precisely the rate of transport of various other substances and to
Odor of sanity
Authors: A. Brass
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation Enhances Adenoviral Gene Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer via Activation of Cytomegalovirus Promoter and Increased Adenovirus Uptake
Authors: Takuya Egami, Kenoki Ohuchida, Kazuhiro Mizumoto, Manabu Onimaru, Hiroki Toma, Shoko Nishio, Eishi Nagai, Kunio Matsumoto, Toshikazu Nakamura, Masao Tanaka
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy combined with radiation is expected to be a new approach to treat pancreatic cancer. However, there are no reports of definitive effects of radiation on adenovirus-mediated gene therapies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of radiation on the transduction efficiency of an adenovirus-based gene therapy. Experimental Design: We used adenovirus expressing NK4 (Ad-NK4), an antagonist for hepatocyte growth factor, as a representative gene therapy. Pancreatic cancer cells preinfected with Ad-NK4 were irradiated, and NK4 levels in culture media of these cells were measured. We investigated cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter activity and uptake of adenovirus in these cells. To examine the effect of radiation in vivo, Ad-NK4 was given to irradiated subcutaneous tumors in nude mice, and NK4 levels in tumors were measured. Results: NK4 levels in culture media of irradiated cells were 4.5-fold (P &amp;lt; 0.01) higher than those of nonirradiated cells. Radiation enhanced activation of the CMV promoter and adenovirus uptake (P &amp;lt; 0.01), leading to increased levels of NK4. We found that activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and up-regulation of dynamin 2 may be involved in the radiation-induced activation of the CMV promoter and adenovirus uptake, respectively. NK4 levels in irradiated tumors were 5.8-fold (P = 0.017) higher than those in nonirradiated tumors. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that radiation significantly improves the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in pancreatic cancer and probably contributes to decreasing the dose of adenovirus required for gene transfer and controlling side effects of adenovirus infection in nonirradiated normal tissue.
The Medical Profession and the French Chamber of Deputies.
Authors: Charles A. L. Reed.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Paris, Aug. 28, 1904. My previous letter from here related chiefly to the medical profession as represented in the Senate of France. I have since had an opportunity to investigate some of the facts relative to similar representation in the Chamber of Deputies. This is the popular branch of the French Congress; its members are elected by direct and universal suffrage; each deputy must live in the arrondissement from which he is elected, and, consequently, can not represent two constituencies at the same time, and each chamber, or legislature, as it is called in France, is elected for a period of four years. The basis of representation is one for each 100,000 inhabitants, with an additional representative for each additional 100,000 or fraction thereof. In such instances an arrondissement is divided into circumscriptions like that of Dordogne, for instance, which sends six deputies. The body thus chosen consists of 561
CAUSES OF THE MIGRATION OF THE OMENTUM
Authors: ARTHUR E. HERTZLER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The fact that the great omentum is commonly found attached to areas of inflammation in the abdomen when such areas exist has long been known to surgeons. What the compelling forces are that attract it to these foci has not been determined. The term "policeman of the abdomen" has been applied in several languages to the omentum, but what is meant by this has not been explained in any of them. Peristalsis is supposed to account for its actual movements, though there is no proof of this. In the beginning of my studies, which were made through a glass window in the abdomen, the first thing noted was that in those conditions which are attended by the migration of the omentum the peristalsis is suppressed; and conversely in conditions (for instance, obstruction) attended by active peristalsis, there is no movement of the omentum. The explanation for this will appear later.
A Quantitative Approach to Clinical, Histologic, and Biochemical Evaluation of Liver Cirrhosis.
Authors: M. A. Sullivan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964A Quantitative Approach to Clinical, Histologic, and Biochemical Evaluation of Liver Cirrhosis.M. A. Sullivan, M.D., D. K. Miller, M.D., F.A.C.P., E. R. Gabrieli, M.D.M. A. Sullivan, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, D. K. Miller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, E. R. Gabrieli, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-803_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo establish criteria for objectively assessing liver status of alcoholics, 35 selected cases in various clinical stages of cirrhosis were investigated in a specially designed metabolic unit. Data about each patient's history and clinical symptoms were coded for processing. Then after arbitrarily establishing criteria for four clinical grades of severity each case was placed into this scale by considering alcoholic history, nutritional data, rate and degree of recovery from acute phase after admission to hospital, initial liver size, and time course of its decrease. Liver biopsy was also graded into four groups by an experienced pathologist. Special metabolic measurements included... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. A. Sullivan, M.D.; D. K. Miller, M.D., F.A.C.P.; E. R. Gabrieli, M.D.Affiliations: Buffalo, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 803-803KeywordsAlcoholicsBiopsyCirrhosisLiverNutritionPathologists ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanisms of the Impaired Diuretic and Natriuretic Responses to a Sustained and Moderate Saline Infusion in Rats with Experimental Cirrhosis
Authors: José M. López-Novoa, Juan C. Santos, Carlos Caramelo, Dolores Fernandez-Muñoz, Alicia Blanchart, Luis Hernando
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Kidney function and tubular handling of water and sodium by superficial nephrons, packed cell volume, total plasma proteins and albumin distribution space were studied in control and cirrhotic rats before and after a moderate and sustained saline infusion (3% body weight per 30 min + reposition of urinary losses). Tubular fluid samples were obtained from late proximal, early distal and late distal convolutions of superficial nephrons using micropuncture. Protein distribution was assessed by intravenous injection of 0.5 μCi of (125I)-albumin. In basal conditions, both groups of rats showed similar glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, but cirrhotic animals had lower sodium excretion (fractional excretion of sodium = 0.04 ± 0.01% vs. 0.22 ± 0.02%, p < 0.05) and urinary volume (4.31 ± 0.41 vs. 7.57 ± 0.53 μ1 per min; p < 0.05). After saline infusion, total plasma proteins decreased more in cirrhotic than in control rats (-−18.5 ± 2.7 vs. –12.9 ± 2.2%, p < 0.05). The opposite was observed for albumin distribution space (34.5 ± 6.1 vs. 22.1 ± 3.5%, p < 0.05). Fractional sodium excretion increased to 2.98 ± 0.15% in control rats but only to 0.61 ± 0.080% in cirrhotic rats. The ratio single nephron glomerular filtration rate/glomerular filtration rate increased from 19.6 ± 0.7 to 21.2 ± 1.0 (x10−6, p < 0.005) in control animals but did not change in cirrhotic rats. These animals were unable to decrease adequately fractional fluid reabsorption in the proximal tubule and the loop of Henle. The results suggest that the lack of adequate diuresis and natriuresis after saline infusion in cirrhotic rats depends on lower plasma volume expansion by extravasation of high protein content fluid, lack of intrarenal glomerular filtration rate redistribution, and inadequate decrease in proximal and Henle's loop fluid reabsorption.
Subversion of Toll-like receptor signaling by a unique family of bacterial Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain–containing proteins
Authors: Christine Cirl, Andreas Wieser, Manisha Yadav, Susanne Duerr, Sören Schubert, Hans Fischer, Dominik Stappert, Nina Wantia, Nuria Rodriguez, Hermann Wagner, Catharina Svanborg, Thomas Miethke
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
TARGETING OF SMALL UNILAMELLAR VESICLES (SUVs) TO MURINE TUMORS
Authors: L. E. Williams, R. T. Proffitt, L. Lovisatti, C. A. Present, J. A. Uliana, G. Tin, R. C. Gamble, J. D. Balde-schwieler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Williams, L. E.; Proffitt, R. T.; Lovisatti, L.; Present, C. A.; Uliana, J. A.; Tin, G.; Gamble, R. C.; Balde-schwieler, J. D. Author Information
The Joints and Synovial Fluid
Authors: E. G. L. Bywaters
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

<h3>Background</h3> There is a strong case for early identification of factors predicting life-course-persistent conduct disorder. The authors aimed to identify factors associated with repeated parental reports of preschool conduct problems. <h3>Method</h3> Nested case–control study of Scottish children who had behavioural data reported by parents at 3, 4 and 5 years. <h3>Results</h3> 79 children had abnormal conduct scores at all three time points (‘persistent conduct problems’) and 434 at one or two points (‘inconsistent conduct problems’). 1557 children never had abnormal scores. Compared with children with no conduct problems, children with reported problems were significantly more likely to have mothers who smoked during pregnancy. They were less likely to be living with both parents and more likely to be in poor general health, to have difficulty being understood, to have a parent who agrees that smacking is sometimes necessary and to be taken to visit other people with children rarely. The results for children with persistent and inconsistent conduct problems were similar, but associations with poverty and maternal smoking were significantly less strong in the inconsistent group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These factors may be valuable in early identification of risk of major social difficulties.
Endoscopic Treatment of Submucosal Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: J. P. Yu, H. S. Luo, X. Z. Wang
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Fourteen of symptomatic submucosal lesions located in the esophagus (n = 4), stomach (n = 4), duodenum (n = 1) and colon (n = 5) were treated by means of endoscopy. Treatment selection criteria for tumours (n = 10) were presence of a pedunculated tumour, or presence of a sessile tumour with a base smaller than 2 cm which originated in the upper wall layers, as judged by the mobility of the lesion. All tumours but one were successfully and completely removed by snare cauterization. The failure was a gastric fibroma which was incompletely resected; bleeding ensued rendering emergency surgery necessary. Mucosal cysts in the esophagus and colon were treated by either snare polypectomy in the case of smaller lesions or drainage in the case of larger cysts. Follow-up for 5 to 12 months (mean 8.7 months) in the 13 cases treated by means of endoscopy alone did not reveal recurrence. These preliminary results show that endoscopic treatment of smaller and superficially originating submucosal tumours may be a feasible alternative to surgery, however meticulous patient selection is necessary to avoid major complications.
Human adverse reproductive outcomes and electromagnetic field exposures: review of epidemiologic studies.
Authors: G M Shaw, L A Croen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Concerns have been raised regarding a relation between residential and occupational electromagnetic (EM) field exposures and adverse reproductive effects. This paper reviews the epidemiologic evidence for this possible relation, including some pertinent methodologic issues, notes relevant findings from the experimental literature, and discusses areas for future research. Evidence is lacking for a strong association between a woman's use of a video display terminal (VDT) during pregnancy and spontaneous abortion. The evidence for a strong association between a women's use of a VDT and other adverse reproductive endpoints is also lacking, with some suggestive findings for congenital malformations and too few data to reach a conclusion about other endpoints. With respect to low-level EM field exposures other than VDTs, the paucity of data prevents one from determining whether there are reproductive health risks associated with such exposures. Therefore, this is an area that needs further investigation. Given that altered growth may be an underlying biologic effect of EM field exposures, endpoints that might be pursued in future studies include congenital malformations not associated with chromosomal anomalies, intrauterine growth retardation, and chromosomally normal spontaneous abortions.
Teen Dating Violence (Physical and Sexual) Among US High School Students
Authors: Kevin J. Vagi, Emily O’Malley Olsen, Kathleen C. Basile, Alana M. Vivolo-Kantor
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

National estimates of teen dating violence (TDV) reveal high rates of victimization among high school populations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's national Youth Risk Behavior Survey has provided often-cited estimates of physical TDV since 1999. In 2013, revisions were made to the physical TDV question to capture more serious forms of physical TDV and to screen out students who did not date. An additional question was added to assess sexual TDV.To describe the content of new physical and sexual TDV victimization questions first administered in the 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, to share data on the prevalence and frequency of TDV (including the first-ever published overall "both physical and sexual TDV" and "any TDV" national estimates using these new questions), and to assess associations of TDV experience with health-risk behaviors.Secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey of 9900 students who dated, from a nationally representative sample of US high school students, using the 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey.Two survey questions separately assessed physical and sexual TDV; this analysis combined them to create a 4-level TDV measure and a 2-level TDV measure. The 4-level TDV measure includes "physical TDV only," "sexual TDV only," "both physical and sexual TDV," and "none." The 2-level TDV measure includes "any TDV" (either or both physical and sexual TDV) and "none." Sex-stratified bivariate and multivariable analyses assessed associations between TDV and health-risk behaviors.In 2013, among students who dated, 20.9% of female students (95% CI, 19.0%-23.0%) and 10.4% of male students (95% CI, 9.0%-11.7%) experienced some form of TDV during the 12 months before the survey. Female students had a higher prevalence than male students of physical TDV only, sexual TDV only, both physical and sexual TDV, and any TDV. All health-risk behaviors were most prevalent among students who experienced both forms of TDV and were least prevalent among students who experienced none (all P < .001).The 2013 TDV questions allowed for new prevalence estimates of TDV to be established that represent a more complete measure of TDV and are useful in determining associations with health-risk behaviors among youth exposed to these different forms of TDV.