tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Proximal Deep-Vein Thrombosis With the Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor Rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939)
Authors: Giancarlo Agnelli, Alexander Gallus, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Sylvia Haas, Menno V. Huisman, Russel D. Hull, Ajay K. Kakkar, Frank Misselwitz, Sebastian Schellong
Journal: Circulation (2007)

An effective and safe oral anticoagulant that needs no monitoring for dose adjustment is urgently needed for the treatment of diseases that require long-term anticoagulation. Rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939) is an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor currently under clinical development.This randomized, parallel-group phase II trial in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis explored the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily compared with enoxaparin 1 mg/kg BID followed by vitamin K antagonist. Each treatment was administered for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was an improvement in thrombotic burden at day 21 (assessed by quantitative compression ultrasonography; > or = 4-point improvement in thrombus score) without recurrent symptomatic venous thromboembolism or venous thromboembolism-related death. The primary safety end point was major bleeding during 12 weeks of treatment. Outcomes were adjudicated centrally without knowledge of treatment allocation. The primary efficacy end point was achieved in 53 (53.0%) of 100, 58 (59.2%) of 98, 62 (56.9%) of 109, and 49 (43.8%) of 112 patients receiving rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily, respectively, compared with 50 (45.9%) of 109 patients treated with enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist. There was no significant trend in the dose-response relationship between rivaroxaban BID and the primary efficacy end point (P=0.67). Major bleeding was observed in 1.7%, 1.7%, 3.3%, and 1.7% of patients receiving rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily, respectively. There were no major bleeding events with enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist.Results of this proof-of-concept and dose-finding study support phase III evaluation of the orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban, because efficacy and safety were apparent in the treatment of proximal deep-vein thrombosis across a 3-fold range of fixed daily dosing.
Surgically Created Arteriovenous Fistulas for Oncologic Chemotherapy
Authors: Gene H. Ginsberg, David Prager, Harry Kaupp
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 October 1974Surgically Created Arteriovenous Fistulas for Oncologic ChemotherapyGENE H. GINSBERG, M.D., DAVID PRAGER, M.D., F.A.C.P., HARRY KAUPP, M.D., F.A.C.S.GENE H. GINSBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID PRAGER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, HARRY KAUPP, M.D., F.A.C.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-558 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The surgical creation of an arteriovenous fistula has been a great technical advance in the management of patients requiring continual hemodialysis (1). Usually, as a result of the fistula, the involved limb develops a large area of tortuous venous channels. Consequently, easier access to the resultant large vascular channels of the arteriovenous fistula has made intravenous therapy for other disease states more convenient (2).We report here our experiences with four patients who have oncologic disorders requiring long-term intravenous therapy. These oncologic disorders included acute myelogenous leukemia and breast cancer. Because of the technical difficulties encountered with...References1. COHN H and SOLIT R: Arteriovenous fistulas for chronic hemodialysis. Surg Clin North Am 53:673-684, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JAMIESON A and DIRNFELD V: Long-term parenteral nutrition by means of an arterio-venous (A-V) fistula. Vasc Surg 6:251-254, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BRESCIA N, CIMINO J, and APPEL K: Chronic hemodialysis using venipuncture and a surgically created arteriovenous fistula. N Engl J Med 275:1089-1092, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RIES C, PERKINS H, and EHRENFELD W: Saphenous vein arteriovenous fistula (Replacement of factor-VIII in hemophiliacs). JAMA 226:665-666, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GARRETT M: Arteriovenous anastomosis for convenient chemotherapy. Br Med J 1:806-807, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GENE H. GINSBERG, M.D.; DAVID PRAGER, M.D., F.A.C.P.; HARRY KAUPP, M.D., F.A.C.S. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byUSE OF MODIFIED SUBCUTANEOUS RIGHT-ATRIAL CATHETER FOR VENOUS ACCESS IN LEUKÆMIC PATIENTSTHE CREATION OF ARTIFICIAL SUBCUTANEOUS ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAS IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASE 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 558-559KeywordsAcute myeloid leukemiaBreast cancerChemotherapyFistulasVascular diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Would doctors routinely asking older patients about their memory improve dementia outcomes? No
Authors: M. McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The UK government is planning to introduce incentives for general practitioners to check for dementia in all patients aged 75 and older. <b>Jill Rasmussen </b>(doi:10.1136/bmj.f1780) says that it will allow earlier support for patients with dementia, but <b>Margaret McCartney</b> says that industry has more to gain than patients
ABSCESS OF THE SPLEEN.
Authors: WALTER M. SPEAR
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Abscess of the spleen is rare, and when a case falls into our hands and is operated on successfully, it is worthy of record. About the middle of May, 1901, I was called to see Mr. A., and obtained the following history: <i>History</i>.—American, age 74 years, weight 211 lbs. Family history: Mother and one sister died of consumption. Father died of some brain trouble. Previous history: Has had two severe falls, the last one two years ago, from which he never fully recovered. Jan. 10, 1901, was seized with a severe attack of influenza, which completely prostrated him. At the end of three weeks the temperature and pulse were normal. He has never lived in a malarial district and has never suffered from typhoid or malarial fever. Since the beginning of his sickness he has constantly lost in weight. <i>Present Illness</i>.—Patient in bed, anemic, covered with a cold
Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in Adolescents and Adults
Authors: P. MAYNARD BEACH, FREDERICK O. BOWMAN, GERARD A. KAISER, JAMES R. MALM
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Sixty-four cyanotic patients over 15 years of age with tetralogy of Fallot have undergone total correction. Fifty-one patients had previous shunting procedures. The established intracardiac technique for total repair was used throughout. In 11% (7 of 64) of patients reconstruction of the pulmonary outflow tract was required. Follow-up extends from six months to ten years. Operative mortality was 6.25% (4 of 64). There was one late death. All deaths were technically related and none could be correlated with patient age. Bilaterally functioning Blalock shunts and Potts anastomoses contributed significantly to operative mortality. Abundant collateral circulation exists in older patients with tetralogy of Fallot, and increased bleeding in this series was reflected in a 20.3% (13 of 64) reoperation rate. Survivors represent 92.2% (59 of 64) of the group and all are completely asymptomatic. Approximately one-half of the surviving patients have undergone postoperative catheterization. Of those patients studied, 93.4% (29 of 31) have a good to excellent hemodynamic result following correction. All patients with outflow-tract patches subsequently developed pulmonary insufficiency and right-heart failure. These patients were easily managed on a cardiotonic regimen, however, and digitalis was discontinued in each case by the end of the third postoperative month. These mortality and survivor figures parallel those obtained in our total experience of 250 tetralogy repairs. We believe all patients with tetralogy of Fallot should undergo total correction. Advanced age is no contraindication to surgery. Shunting procedures, when indicated, are to be considered only a preliminary to full correction.
The Defence Medical Services
Authors: P. Craig
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Surgeon Lieutenant Commanders Smith and Mathews (November 2001 JRSM, pp. 590-591) should be congratulated for their highlighting of the mutual benefits of the secondment of military specialist registrars to non-MDHU NHS hospitals. Of course this has been happening for at least forty years but the need to re-emphasize the standing of military specialists in comparison with their civilian contemporaries is poignant at this time of global uncertainty.
Treatment with daily consensus interferon (CIFN) plus ribavirin in non-responder patients with chronic hepatitis C: A randomized open-label pilot study
Authors: Markus Cornberg, Johannes Hadem, Eva Herrmann, Frank Schuppert, Hartmut H.-J. Schmidt, Markus Reiser, Oliver Marschal, Martin Steffen, Michael P. Manns, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Coffee consumption and death from coronary heart disease in middle aged Norwegian men and women.
Authors: A Tverdal, I Stensvold, K Solvoll, O P Foss, P Lund-Larsen, K Bjartveit
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To study the association between number of cups of coffee consumed per day and coronary death when taking other major coronary risk factors into account. DESIGN--Men and women attending screening and followed up for a mean of 6.4 years. SETTING--Cardiovascular survey performed by ambulatory teams from the National Health Screening Service in Norway. PARTICIPANTS--All middle aged people in three counties: 19,398 men and 19,166 women aged 35-54 years who reported neither cardiovascular disease or diabetes nor symptoms of angina pectoris or intermittent claudication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Predictive value of number of cups of coffee consumed per day. RESULTS--At initial screening total serum cholesterol concentration, high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, blood pressure, height, and weight were measured and self reported information about smoking history, physical activity, and coffee drinking habits was recorded. Altogether 168 men and 16 women died of coronary heart disease during follow up. Mean cholesterol concentrations for men and women were almost identical and increased from the lowest to highest coffee consumption group (13.1% and 10.9% respectively). With the proportional hazards model and adjustment for age, total serum and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and number of cigarettes per day the coefficient for coffee corresponded to a relative risk between nine or more cups of coffee and less than one cup of 2.2 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 4.5) for men and 5.1 (0.4 to 60.3) for women. For men the relative risk varied among the three counties. CONCLUSIONS--Coffee may affect mortality from coronary heart disease over and above its effect in raising cholesterol concentrations.
UK consumers reject direct advertising to patients by drug industry
Authors: M. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The pharmaceutical industry has accused the UK Consumers' Association of “muddying the waters” over the European Commission's plans to relax controls on the information it can provide directly to patients.

The European parliament is considering a pilot project in which drug companies will be able to set up interactive websites and telephone helplines to provide information on treatments for AIDS and HIV infection, asthma, and diabetes.

But the Consumers' Association opposes the plan and last week published a survey showing …
Treatment of Malaria
Authors: S. J. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Swisher's observations on the length of illness and the incidence of anemia in patients treated with chloroquine-pyrimethamine-sulfisoxazole (CPS) (<b>208:</b>695, 1969) are not surprising as patients transferred from the Naval Support Activity Hospital (where most of the CPS treatment program has been initiated) to the Sixth Convalescent Center are generally selected because of an expected lengthy convalescent period. From July through October 1968, approximately 950 cases of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>malaria were treated at NSA Hospital of which 95% received CPS. The patients seen by Dr. Swisher represent only 18% of this population. His comparison between forms of therapy may be invalid as the populations are potentially dissimilar.
Henry R. Carter — An Overlooked Skeptical Epidemiologist
Authors: Elihu D. Richter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

IN the summer of 1900, Walter Reed, James Carroll, Aristides Agramonte and the heroic Jesse Lazear carried through their successful attempts at transmitting yellow fever from man to man by means of the bite of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Few stories have been retold as often as that of the events that led to the Reed Board's final, conclusive experiments. The story is legendary: the initial plans to search for the causative agent of yellow fever; the influence of Carlos Finlay, who in 1881 had so brilliantly perceived the time-place association between yellow-fever outbreaks and the breeding habits of Aedes . . .
The mechanisms and possible significance of upregulation of stomatin expression by hypoxia and/or glucocorticoids
Authors: Ji-Cheng Chen, Hao-Yu Cai, Yan Wang, Yuan-Yuan Ma, Liang-Nian Song, Dong-mei Cao, Fei Diao, Yi-Dong Li, Jian Lu
Journal: Genome biology (2011)

Deep exome resequencing is a powerful approach for delineating patterns of protein-coding variation among genes, pathways, individuals and populations.We analyzed exome data from 2,440 individuals of European and African ancestry as part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Exome Project, the aim of which is to discover novel genes and mechanisms that contribute to heart, lung and blood disorders.Each exome was sequenced to a mean coverage of 116×, allowing detailed inferences about the population genomic patterns of both common variation and rare coding variation.We identifi ed more than 500,000 single nucleotide variations, the majority of which were novel and rare (76% of variants had a minor allele frequency of less than 0.1%), refl ecting the recent dramatic increase in the size of the human population.The unprecedented magnitude of this dataset allowed us to rigorously characterize the large variation in nucleotide diversity among genes (ranging from 0 to 1.32%), as well as the role of positive and purifying selection in shaping patterns of proteincoding variation and the diff erential signatures of population structure from rare and common variation.This dataset provides a framework for personal genomics and is an important resource that will allow inferences of broad importance to human evolution and health.
Extent of nonviable myocardium by dobutamine echocardiography predicts death in ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: William V. Novak, Stephen G. Sawada, Stephen J. Lewis, Judy Foltz, Patricia Brenneman, John R. Bates, Douglas S. Segar, Harvey Feigenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Nuclear export inhibitors avert progression in preclinical models of inflammatory demyelination
Authors: Jeffery D Haines, Olivier Herbin, Belén de la Hera, Oscar G Vidaurre, Gregory A Moy, Qingxiang Sun, Ho Yee Joyce Fung, Stefanie Albrecht, Konstantina Alexandropoulos, Dilara McCauley, Yuh Min Chook, Tanja Kuhlmann, Grahame J Kidd, Sharon Shacham, Patrizia Casaccia
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2015)
Neural Tube Defects and Folate Pathway Genes: Family-Based Association Tests of Gene–Gene and Gene–Environment Interactions
Authors: Abee L. Boyles, Ashley V. Billups, Kristen L. Deak, Deborah G. Siegel, Lorraine Mehltretter, Susan H. Slifer, Alexander G. Bassuk, John A. Kessler, Michael C. Reed, H. Frederik Nijhout, Timothy M. George, David S. Enterline, John R. Gilbert, Marcy C. Speer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Folate metabolism pathway genes have been examined for association with neural tube defects (NTDs) because folic acid supplementation reduces the risk of this debilitating birth defect. Most studies addressed these genes individually, often with different populations providing conflicting results.Our study evaluates several folate pathway genes for association with human NTDs, incorporating an environmental cofactor: maternal folate supplementation.In 304 Caucasian American NTD families with myelomeningocele or anencephaly, we examined 28 polymorphisms in 11 genes: folate receptor 1, folate receptor 2, solute carrier family 19 member 1, transcobalamin II, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1, serine hydroxymethyl-transferase 1, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homo-cysteine methyltransferase, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase, betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), and cystathionine-beta-synthase.Only single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BHMT were significantly associated in the overall data set; this significance was strongest when mothers took folate-containing nutritional supplements before conception. The BHMT SNP rs3733890 was more significant when the data were stratified by preferential transmission of the MTHFR rs1801133 thermolabile T allele from parent to offspring. Other SNPs in folate pathway genes were marginally significant in some analyses when stratified by maternal supplementation, MTHFR, or BHMT allele transmission.BHMT rs3733890 is significantly associated in our data set, whereas MTHFR rs1801133 is not a major risk factor. Further investigation of folate and methionine cycle genes will require extensive SNP genotyping and/or resequencing to identify novel variants, inclusion of environmental factors, and investigation of gene-gene interactions in large data sets.
Varenicline for Tobacco Dependence
Authors: J. Taylor Hays, Jon O. Ebbert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 57-year-old man presents to his primary care provider because he would like to quit smoking. A trial of varenicline, a partial agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that has been shown to increase rates of smoking abstinence as compared with placebo, is recommended. In light of reports of neuropsychiatric side effects, including suicidal behavior, patients treated with varenicline should be closely monitored for behavioral symptoms.
Sex and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Carolyn S.P. Lam, William C. Little
Journal: Circulation (2012)

T here are more women than men living with cardiovas- cular disease, and the absolute annual number of cardiovascular deaths among women exceeds that in men. 1 Although sex differences in cardiovascular risk are recognized in the risk stratification tools (eg, Framingham Risk Score, CHA2DS2-VASc score) and sex-specific risk management guidelines developed for clinical practice, it has to be recognized that women remain underrepresented in clinical trials.Approximately half of the individuals with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or coronary artery disease are women, yet women make up only 25% to 44% of patients enrolled in trials studying these disorders. 2Furthermore, fewer than a third of primary trial publications include sex-specific results.
Patients with angina with normal and near normal coronary arteries: clinical and psychosocial state 12 months after angiography.
Authors: C Bass, C Wade, D Hand, G Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The clinical and psychosocial states of 46 patients (26 men and 20 women) who had undergone cardiac catheterisation were examined prospectively. All of the patients had insignificant (less than 50%) coronary lesions and had been told that no limitation of activity was necessary. Twelve months after angiography 19 of the patients continued to complain of chest pain. Twenty one reported phobic symptoms, and 13 were found by standardised clinical interview to have psychiatric morbidity. This had been evident at the time of catheterisation in 28. Twenty three patients had evidence of unexplained breathlessness, 13 were taking psychotropic drugs, 29 were continuing to consult a doctor, and 11 were unable to work because of their symptoms. Patients initially assessed as having high levels of psychiatric morbidity and raised neuroticism scores were more likely to complain of chest pain one year after angiography. The 19 patients with persistent pain also had significantly higher levels of psychiatric and social morbidity at one year than the 27 patients whose chest pain had lessened during the follow up period. Those patients who fail to improve after being told that they have normal or nearly normal coronary arteries tend to be a chronically neurotic and socially maladjusted group in whom psychiatric disorder presents with predominantly somatic symptoms.
Prevalence and clinical relevance of spontaneous porto-systemic shunts in cirrhotic patients with recurrent hepatic encephalopathy: A case control study
Authors: C. Efrati, C. Catalano, F. Pediconi, O. Mecarelli, G. Nicolini, F. Nicolao, P. Tanzilli, S. Angeloni, M. Merli, O. Riggio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)