tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
" Can Such Things Be?"
Authors: L. B. Grandy
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Atlanta, Ga., May 12, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In an Atlanta daily paper of this date I find the enclosed item, which fully explains itself: <h3>WHAT MISS CLARA BARTON SAYS OF AN AMERICAN INVENTION.</h3><h3>Constantinople, Feb. 21, 1896.</h3> —When in London the other day I received two packets from the United States embassy, each containing an Electropoise. To-day I received your kind letter and The Journal. Allow me to thank you heartily and gratefully for the splendid little machines. As you remember, I am not altogether a stranger to the virtues of the Electropoise (saw its work in Jacksonville, Fla., in 1888), and I will take great pleasure in passing your offering to afflicted humanity through my medical staff. I feel assured the physicians will avail themselves of such valuable aid. Very sincerely yours, Clara Barton. In reply to a letter asking permission to publish the above, Miss Barton writes
IMMUNITY IN CANCER
Authors: FRANCIS CARTER WOOD
Journal: JAMA (1925)

For years the fact has been noted that occasionally human carcinoma or sarcoma disappears either spontaneously, after incomplete removal, or in connection with some general processes. Among the latter may be enumerated high and continued fever, or profound alterations in the metabolic processes of the organism, such as cachexia, artificial menopause, or the puerperium. While doubtless many of the older observations are unreliable because of the lack of microscopic tumor diagnosis in the period during which the patients were observed, there are still in the literature some hundreds of examples in which a microscopically verified, morphologically malignant tumor disappeared for a period of years. But during the thirty or forty years that these recessions have been observed to occur, millions of people have been recorded as dying of cancer, so the phenomenon must be extraordinarily infrequent and conclusions as to the underlying causes can scarcely be drawn. According to my
Human cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Relative frequency of stage-specific CTL recognizing the 72-kD immediate early protein and glycoprotein B expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses.
Authors: L K Borysiewicz, J K Hickling, S Graham, J Sinclair, M P Cranage, G L Smith, J G Sissons
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

CTL are held to be an important host defense mechanism in persistent herpes-virus infections. We have therefore studied the nature and specificity of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific CTL in normal persistently infected individuals. This was achieved by using vaccinia recombinants encoding viral genes expressed at different stages of the virus replicative cycle, a structural glycoprotein gB (vac.gB) and the major 72-kD immediate early nonstructural protein (vac.IE) of HCMV, combined with limiting dilution analysis of the CTL response. In two subjects, 43 and 58% of HCMV CTL precursors (CTLp) lysed vac.IE-infected cells, in contrast to less than 6% lysing gB-infected cells. HCMV-specific CTL could also be generated by secondary in vitro stimulation with vac.gB- but not vac.IE-infected autologous fibroblasts. The high frequency of 72-kD IE protein-specific CTL suggests that this is at least a major recognition element for the HCMV-specific CTL response in asymptomatic persistently infected individuals, and CTL with this specificity may be important in maintaining the normal virus/host equilibrium.
THE RESTORATION OF THE PERINÆUM BY A NEW METHOD.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read in the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women.] The anatomy of the perinæum has within the last few years become fairly well understood, and its importance demonstrated to be greater by far than was earlier supposed. The perineal body is now recognized as an anatomical entity, and is the key-stone in the arch of perineal support. Its physiological importance in parturition has been well demonstrated recently by Dr. Hart, of Edinburgh,—an understanding of which will do much to lessen the frequent occurence of perineal lacerations. The lesion when partial is often overlooked; indeed, the gynæcologist, gist, from his standpoint of observation, is inclined to feel that the injury, when it does not involve the sphincter ani, is in the majority of instances unrecognized. The two anatomical points most important to bear in mind in reference to the vagina and its value as a column of elastic support to
Ethylene glycol induces calcium oxalate crystal deposition in Malpighian tubules: a Drosophila model for nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis
Authors: Yung-Hsiang Chen, Hsin-Ping Liu, Huey-Yi Chen, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Chiao-Hui Chang, Yuan-Ju Lee, Wei-Yong Lin, Wen-Chi Chen
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Variation in Practice for Discretionary Admissions
Authors: M G Miller, L S Miller, B Fireman, S B Black
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To demonstrate theoretically and empirically the existence of systematic bias in commonly reported standardized hospital mortality ratios when variation in hospital admission practice is not adjusted for in the analysis. The underlying analytic model used in hospital mortality analyses is specified and the confounding effect of selection bias arising from variation in admission practice is shown. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —An empirical example is presented using state-level data from the Health Care Financing Administration's Medicare Hospital Information Report for 1988 to 1990. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —The Medicare Hospital Information data are used to demonstrate the effects of the bias because they contain population-based admission rates and mortality rates. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Selection bias arising from variation in admission practice causes the expected mortality rate to be overestimated for all hospitals, but especially for hospitals with more lenient admission practices. Using the Medicare Hospital Information Report, the resulting standardized hospital mortality ratios are shown to be significantly inversely correlated with higher relative risks of hospitalization (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Standardized hospital mortality ratios based on analyses that do not account for variation in admission practice among hospitals are biased. Variation in admission practice will cause any outcome measure based solely on hospitalized patients to be similarly biased. Correction for selection bias is required to produce valid measures of hospital quality. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1493-1498)
Effects of diet and gliclazide on the haemostatic system of non-insulin-dependent diabetics.
Authors: R C Paton, P B Kernoff, J K Wales, G P McNicol
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The effect of the sulphonylurea gliclazide on tests of haemostatic function was studied in 14 newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetics. After two months9 treatment with diet alone 11 of the 14 were given gliclazide; the three others remained on dietary treatment. Compared with pretreatment values, significant reductions in platelets retention, factor VIII-related antigen, factor VIII coagulant activity, and plasma heparin neutralising activity accompanied a fall in the plasma glucose concentration due to either diet alone or diet and gliclazide. The beneficial effects of gliclazide on platelet abnormalities seem likely to be due to its hypoglycaemic action rather than to any direct effect on haemostatic function.
Acute and follow-up intravascular ultrasound findings after balloon dilation of coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: S Sohn, A Rothman, T Shiota, G Luk, A Tong, R E Swensson, D J Sahn
Journal: Circulation (1994)

The study objective was to examine the vascular wall changes caused by balloon dilation of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) acutely and at short-term follow-up using intravascular ultrasound imaging. Intravascular ultrasound has been valuable in assessing the vessel wall changes in coronary and peripheral arteries after balloon dilation, often with more detail than angiography.Intravascular ultrasound imaging, using 4.8F, 20-MHz or 6.2F, 12.5-MHz catheters on either Diasonics or HP scanners, was performed in 17 patients during balloon angioplasty for native (n = 12) and recurrent (n = 5) CoAs. Nine patients were also studied at the time of follow-up cardiac catheterization 28.1 +/- 18.0 months after angioplasty. Immediately after dilation, the mean pressure gradient across the CoA decreased from 42.9 +/- 16.4 to 9.0 +/- 5.4 mm Hg (P < .001) and the mean diameter of the coarcted segment increased from 4.4 +/- 1.9 to 7.9 +/- 2.4 mm (P < .001). An intimal tear or flap was noted by ultrasound in 12 of the 12 native CoAs and 4 of the 5 recoarctations. In contrast, only 6 of the native CoAs and 2 of the recoarctations had an intimal flap or dissection detected by angiography. At follow-up, the residual pressure gradient did not significantly change from that measured immediately after dilation, but the CoA diameter increased from 7.8 +/- 1.5 to 9.9 +/- 2.3 mm (P < .01). No aneurysms were detected. Four of the 9 patients showed ultrasonic and angiographic evidence of healing and remodeling with diminution in size or disappearance of the intimal tears.There is a high incidence of intimal tears and dissections immediately after balloon angioplasty for native and recurrent CoAs. Intravascular ultrasound is more sensitive than angiography in detecting the vascular wall changes. Even significant intimal tears are not necessarily associated with aneurysm formation, and many decrease in size or disappear at short-term follow-up.
Cysteinyl leukotrienes in asthma: old mediators up to new tricks
Authors: Douglas W.P. Hay, Theodore J. Torphy, Bradley J. Undem
Journal: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (1995)

The cysteinyl leukotrienes have long been suspected to play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. This speculation was based largely on their release in human lung following antigen challenge as well as their potent bronchoconstrictor activity. However, there is increasing evidence that the cysteinyl leukotrienes also produce several pro-inflammatory effects and alter the activity of neuronal pathways in the airways. Douglas Hay, Theodore Torphy and Bradley Undem review these recent data and discuss the therapeutic possibilities of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
Treatment of Hallucinogenic-Plant Toxicity
Authors: GEORGE MENDELSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1976Treatment of Hallucinogenic-Plant ToxicityGEORGE MENDELSON, M.D.GEORGE MENDELSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-1-126_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I was interested in reading the recent report of the central anticholinergic syndrome occurring in patients who had ingested seeds of the "Jimson weed" (Datura stramonium) (1), as well as the subsequent letter from Dr. Mahler (Ann Intern Med 83:905, 1975) commenting on the increasing frequency of intoxication attributed to this plant.In June 1975 a youth died in a country town near Melbourne after he and some friends had prepared an "extract" from the flowers of a plant known locally as the "trumpet lily" (Datura arborea). This case was given considerable publicity in the local press,...References1. MIKOLICH J, PAULSON G, and CROSS C: Acute anticholinergic syndrome due to Jimson seed ingestion. Ann Intern Med 83: 321 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. MENDELSON G: Hallucinogenic plants (letter). Med J Aust 1: 839, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GRANACHER R and BALDESSARINI R: Physostigmine. Arch Gen Psychiat 32:375, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LANG W, GERSHON S, and HOLAN G: Some antagonists of atropine-like psychotomimetics. J Pharm Pharmacol 10:831, 1963 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GEORGE MENDELSON, M.D.Affiliations: Prince Henry's Hospital Melbourne, 3004, Australia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byType and treatment of toxic mushroom poisoning in KoreaToxic Mushroom IngestionsPresumed Angel's trumpet (Brugmansia) poisoning: Clinical effects and epidemiologyTreatment of anticholinergic-induced ileus with neostigmine 1 July 1976Volume 85, Issue 1Page: 126-126KeywordsAdolescentsIntoxicationToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human NK Cell Education by Inhibitory Receptors for MHC Class I
Authors: Nicolas Anfossi, Pascale André, Sophie Guia, Christine S. Falk, Sophie Roetynck, C. Andrew Stewart, Violette Breso, Coralie Frassati, Denis Reviron, Derek Middleton, François Romagné, Sophie Ugolini, Eric Vivier
Journal: Immunity (2006)
Down-regulation of Mpl marks the transition to lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors with gradual loss of granulocyte-monocyte potential
Authors: Sidinh Luc, Kristina Anderson, Shabnam Kharazi, Natalija Buza-Vidas, Charlotta Böiers, Christina T. Jensen, Zhi Ma, Lilian Wittmann, Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (2008)
Immunisation of children by a nurse without a doctor present.
Authors: N Jefferson, G Sleight, A Macfarlane
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Over 16 months 148 children were referred by health visitors and general practitioners to a specially trained nurse for failing to complete courses of immunisation. A further 91 children of travellers' families were identified as needing immunisation. The nurse carried out 810 immunisations on 237 of these children in their homes without a doctor being present. There were only two refusals, and one child suffered a mild anaphylactic shock. The cost per immunisation, in nurse's salary and travel expenses, was pounds 8. This is an effective and fairly inexpensive way of achieving uptake of immunisation in such groups of children, and there seems no reason why trained nurses should not give immunisations either in a child health clinic or at home, without a doctor present.
Periodontal Disease and NIDDM in Pima Indians
Authors: Robert G Nelson, Marc Shlossman, Lynn M Budding, David J Pettitt, Mohammed F Saad, Robert J Genco, William C Knowler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of periodontal disease and its relationship with non-insulin-dependent diabetesmellitus (NIDDM). Two thousand two hundred seventy-three Pima Indians (949 men, 1324 women) aged ≥15 yr from the Gila River Indian Community in Arizonawere examined between 1983 and 1989. Periodontal disease was diagnosed by tooth loss and by percentage of interproximal crestal alveolar bone loss ascertained from panoramic radiography. Subjects with little or no evidence of periodontal disease were classified as nondiseased. Thus, the incidence of advanced periodontal disease was determined. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of periodontal disease at first dental examination was 60% in subjects with NIDDM and 36% in those without. Twenty-two new cases developed in a subset of 701 subjects (272 men, 429 women) aged 15–54 yr who initially had little or no evidence of periodontal disease and had at least one additional dental examination. The incidence of periodontal disease in this group was similar in men and women (incidence-rate ratio 1.0, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.5-1.9, controlled for age and diabetes). Higher age predicted a greater incidence of periodontal disease (χ2 = 30.6, df = 3, P &amp;lt; 0.001, controlled for sex and diabetes). The rate of periodontal disease in subjects with diabetes was 2.6 times (95% Cl 1.0–6.6, controlled for age and sex) that observed in those without. Although periodontal disease was common in nondiabetic Pima Indians, in whom most of the incident cases occurred, diabetes clearly conferred a substantially increased risk. Thus, periodontal disease should be considered a nonspecific complication of NIDDM.
BURN OF EYEBALL DUE TO CAUSTIC CONTENTS OF GOLF-BALL
Authors: L. W. Crigler
Journal: JAMA (1913)

William J., aged 10, on Aug. 2, 1912, while dissecting a golf-ball, ruptured the small rubber bag in the center of the ball, and the contents spurted into his right eye. This caused immediate, excruciating pain, lacrimation, photophobia, redness and edema of conjunctiva. The surface of the cornea became opaque. The child was attended by a local physician, who irrigated the conjunctival sac and applied cold compresses. The patient was first seen by me on August 7, five days after the injury. The eye presented the picture of a typical caustic burn of the cornea and conjunctiva. The conjunctiva showed numerous areas of necrosis, some large, some small. The cornea was opaque to the extent of being almost white. The destruction had extended into the substantia propria; the pupillary border of the iris could scarcely be seen, and vision was reduced to shadows. The patient was admitted to the hospital
Mechanisms and Rates of Birth and Death of Dispersed Duplicated Genes during the Evolution of a Multigene Family in Diploid and Tetraploid Wheats
Authors: Eduard D. Akhunov, Alina R. Akhunova, Jan Dvorak
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

A family of 5 genes that evolved within the past 1.9 Myr in diploid wheat was characterized. The ancestral gene, ALP-A1, is on chromosome 1A and encodes an aci-reductone dioxygenase–like protein. The duplicated genes ALP-A2, ALP-A3, ALP-A4.1, and ALP-A4.2 acquired complete coding sequences but lost the original promoter. They are on chromosomes 4A, 2A, 6A and 6A, respectively, and evolved sequentially, the youngest duplicated gene always producing the next duplicate. It is shown that dispersed gene duplication rate consists of the primary rate (duplications of ancestral genes) and the secondary rate (duplications of genes that had been generated by recent duplications). The primary rate was 2.5 × 10−3 gene−1 Myr−1 in diploid wheat. The secondary rate was 5.2 × 10−2 gene−1 Myr−1 in the ALP family. The 20-fold acceleration of the secondary rate was caused by the insertion of the ALP-A2 gene into a novel type transposon. Only the ALP-A1 and ALP-A3 genes are transcribed. The transcription of ALP-A3 is directed by a promoter within a DNA fragment similar to a CACTA type of DNA transposons, making ALP-A3 a new gene. The ALP-A3 transcript is longer than that of the ALP-A1. The half-life of ALP duplicated genes was estimated to be 0.87 Myr. Strong purifying selection acting on the ancestral gene ALP-A1 was undiminished by the evolution of duplicated genes. The evolution of the ALP family shows that repeated elements facilitate both gene duplication and expression of duplicated genes and highlights their importance for the evolution of gene repertoire in large plant genomes.
Can teleological behaviorism account for the effects of instructions on self-control without invoking cognition?
Authors: Kristi Lemm, Yuichi Shoda, Walter Mischel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract In its commitment to eschewing internal causes, the teleological behavioristic analysis endeavors to explain self-control through the temporal patterning of behavior, but it leaves unanswered the most challenging questions. It fails to account convincingly for experimental findings in which self-control behavior was predictably changed by verbal instructions to think about and imagine the rewards in different ways.
The differentiation of MSCs into functional hepatocyte-like cells in a liver biomatrix scaffold and their transplantation into liver-fibrotic mice
Authors: Ru Ji, Ning Zhang, Nan You, Qiang Li, Weihui Liu, Nan Jiang, Jie Liu, Hongtao Zhang, Desheng Wang, Kaishan Tao, Kefeng Dou
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
TRANSLUMINAL ATTENUATION GRADIENT PROVIDE INCREMENTAL VALUE OVER CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY ALONE IN THE PREDICTION OF FLOW-LIMITING LESION AS DETERMINED BY FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE
Authors: Satoru Kishi, Nahoko Kato, Armin Arbab-Zadeh, Frank Rybicki, Shuzo Tanimoto, Jiro Aoki, Masahiko Asami, Watanabe Mika, Yu Horiuchi, Masaya Shinohara, Koichi Furui, Tatsuyuki Sato, Kentaro Yasuhara, Kazyhiro Hara, Joao Lima, Kengo Tanabe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Simple Method to Eliminate the Risk of Inadvertent Intrathecal Vincristine Administration
Authors: Angela Stefanou, Michael Dooley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To the Editor: There are many reports of incidents of inadvertent intrathecal administration of vincristine, the earliest dating back to 1978 and the most recent in 2002. 1-3 One of the many outcomes described by Womer et al 4 of their systems for inpatient chemotherapy administration was a set of rules for minimizing the risk of intrathecal vincristine administration. The consequence of intrathecal vincristine administration is devastating, and as these authors and others have highlighted, it has occurred at many institutions throughout the world. The strategy described by Womer et al 4 to minimize this risk is not sufficient, as complete elimination is warranted and possible. The preparation of vincristine for intravenous bolus administration in a small-volume intravenous bag, as opposed to a syringe, is the only method of completely eradicating the risk of this drug accidentally being given intrathecally. This method of preparation is a practice that has been adopted not only at our institution, but also at the majority of hospitals in Australia. All published reports of intrathecal vincristine administration have been associated with preparation of the drug in a syringe. In adults, vincristine is prepared in a small-volume intravenous bag containing 50 mL of sodium chloride 0.9%. This is administered as a short intravenous bolus for 5 to 10 minutes. For pediatric patients, the same approach is used but with a smaller volume of fluid in the infusion bag and a slower rate of administration. We believe that this method of diluting vincristine for intravenous bolus-dosing into a small-volume intravenous bag, rather than in a syringe, is a simple method of eradicating the risk of catastrophic inadvertent intrathecal administration of vincristine.
A way out for the conscientious objector: “become” a mental patient
Authors: Daniel Moldavsky
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Military service for a period of two to three years is compulsory for everyone in Israel. Male doctors, in common with other male citizens, have to serve in the army reserves for periods of up to two months each year until the age of 51. They therefore face situations during their professional lives that colleagues in countries without compulsory military service do not, fortunately, encounter.

In a country such as Israel, military service is seen as a reflection of a person's involvement with their community. Being unwilling to serve can have major implications on someone's future, including their job prospects and practical issues such as obtaining a driving license.

Psychiatrists are regularly required to assess people whose chief complaint is reluctance to serve in the army. Some of these people justify their position on personal grounds, such as job or family commitments, or tiredness resulting from the harsh realities of policing the Israeli …
Corrected Transposition of the Great Vessels in a 73-Year-Old Man
Authors: ALAN D. LIEBERSON, RICHARD R. SCHUMACHER, RICHARD H. CHILDRESS, PASQUALE D. GENOVESE
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The case of a 73-year-old white man with corrected transposition of the great vessels and associated mitral and mild aortic regurgitation is reported. The patient's survival was the longest of any patient with this defect reported to date. Although the condition is theoretically compatible with a normal life span, few patients with this lesion survive past 40 years of age because of associated congenital defects or the subsequent development of A-V valvular insufficiency or heart block, or both.