tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ABC of sleep disorders. Sleep problems in patients with medical illness.
Authors: C M Shapiro, G M Devins, M R Hussain
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Sleep complaints are ubiquitous in patients with medical illness.A recent survey of outpatients attending hospital clinics indicated that the vast majority of patients reported sleep disruption concomitant with their condition.The proportion with complaints (> 70%) was more than twice that among control subjects.Doctors rarely ask about sleep problems in the Factors that may indicate a context of medical illness despite the fact that the patient's first complaint disruption of sleep architecture in may be that a particular symptom caused sleep disruption.medically ill patients There are specific reasons for sleep disruptions in patients with medical .Movement arousals (number) illness-for example, people are often deprived of sleep before an 0Feunchgsislesae(eh. operation.Polysomnography has shown that there is a preoperative of sleep) reduction in slow wave sleep and that this is related to the anticipated * Awakenings in first six hours of sleep importance of surgery.The increase in deep sleep that occurs after an (number) operation is thought to facilitate the healing process.* Sleep efficiency ( A variety of sleep variables may be influenced by specific disorders and * Apnoea index particular treatments and each of these effects is likely to differ.A decrease * Leg kicks (total number) in deep (slow wave) sleep, for example, may lead to a sensation of having low energy, whereas repeated interruption of sleep may lead to daytime * Abnormal REM latency * Reduced slow wave sleep corrected forsleepiness.age (% below normal) Drugs may also disrupt sleep architecture by suppressing rapid eye .Total sleep time movement (REM) sleep or by causing a withdrawal effect during the night.* Total sleep time In both cases the drug clearly alters sleep, but the impact on health and * Long awakenings (10 min) recovery may differ.L a. Patterns on electroencephalogramFatigue is common in several medical conditions.Clinicians, researchers, and patients themselves claim that the fatigue experienced in certain medical conditions differs qualitatively from the experience oftiredness or sleepiness.However, there have been few attempts to separate these states.In this article we provide an overview of the impact of medical disorders on sleep.*Mean (SD) tenderpoint scores are as follows: 3.5 (2-6) in normal people; 16-9 (14-1) in those with chronic fatigue syndrome; 33.0 (11-8) in those with fibromyalgia.+/-= May be present; ,/=Present but no degrees; ?=Uncertain.
Diagnosis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis in AIDS patients by recovery of spores from faeces
Authors: Tom Van Gool, WafaaS. Hollister, M.A. Van Den Bergh Weerman, J.Eeftinck Schattenkerk, WiepkoJ. Terpstra, RuudJ. Van Ketel, Peter Reiss, ElizabethU. Canning
Journal: The Lancet (1990)
Presumed plasmacytoma of clivus producing isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy.
Authors: C Gardner-Thorpe
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Plasmacytoma of the skull base is rare and a case associated with an isolated 12th cranial nerve palsy is presented here. CASE HISTORYA 44-year-old housewife presented in December 1966 with a two-month history of neck pain accentuated by coughing and sneezing.The neck was short and movements were painful, but there were no other abnormal signs.X-ray pictures of the cervical spine and chest were normal.The haemoglobin was 10-8 g./100 ml.; white cell count 6,000/cu.mm.; E.S.R. 44 mm. in the 1st hour; M.C.H.C. 32%; and a blood film showed some anisocytosis and mncrocytosis.Two months later the pain was unaltered and wasting and weakness of the left half of the tongue were noted.She was admitted to the Wessex Neurological Centre under the care of Dr. G. S. Graveson for investigation.Dysarthria was obvious and she stated that since September 1966 friends had commented that she spoke as if "her plate was loose.
Heading where exactly?
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2005)

“The hospital care was spread over three sites, delivered by six teams and by numerous members within each team, while the information passed to her GP was patchy.” So runs Craig Gannon's sobering critique of the fragmented care delivered at his hospital to an elderly woman whose death from unaddressed renal failure could have been averted (p 737). How many such stories lurk in the corridors of today's NHS, and what do they tell us?

Gannon says they tell us that, while individual clinicians are doing what they are asked, the UK's new tick box, target driven …
The effect of cholecystectomy on bile salt metabolism
Authors: E. W. Pomare, K. W. Heaton
Journal: Gut (1973)

Isotopic bile salt studies have been performed in 13 cholecystectomy patients and 10 matched controls using labelled taurocholate and deoxycholic acid. Cholecystectomy subjects have reduced pools of both primary bile salts, cholate and chenodeoxycholate, while the deoxycholate pool remains normal in size. As a result of these changes, the total bile salt pool is reduced to almost half its normal size and deoxycholate becomes the predominant bile salt. The half-life of taurocholate is reduced but, because its pool size is diminished, the daily synthesis of taurocholate remains normal. There is accelerated transfer of (14)C from taurocholate-24-(14)C to its metabolites in bile, especially deoxycholate conjugates. In four subjects studied pre- and postoperatively similar changes occurred in all the above parameters. All these data can be explained by the fact that the bile salt pool circulates during fasting as well as during digestion. The consequences of this are (1) increased exposure of bile salts to intestinal bacteria and hence increased bacterial degradation; (2) continuous passage of the bile salt pool through the liver, and therefore continuous and presumably enhanced feedback inhibition of hepatic bile salt synthesis. The reservoir function of the gallbladder influences the size, kinetics, metabolism, and composition of the bile salt pool. We suggest that no study of bile salt metabolism is complete without some assessment of gallbladder status.
Melanoma Metastases to Palatine Tonsils Obscured by Physiological FDG Uptake on PET/CT
Authors: Akram Al-Ibraheem, Michael Souvatzoglou, Andreas Buck, Markus Schwaiger
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Melanoma metastases to tonsils are rare. Tonsil metastasis has a poor prognosis where tonsils do not have afferent lymphatics, so any metastasis to the tonsil suggests hematogenous dissemination. Positron emission tomography (PET) using F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose has gained wide acceptance in patients with malignant melanoma in particular in patients with clinical suspicion of systemic metastatic spread. We report a case with a history of a cutaneous melanoma in the right supraclavicular region 12 years ago who underwent PET/CT for follow-up. This case clarifies how a malignant process can occasionally escape detection by PET/CT when placed in a region with high physiological metabolic activity like the tonsils.
The Biology of the Cervix
Authors: Robert W. Kistner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This book, a compendium of papers presented at an international symposium supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Population Council, presents a synthesis of modern knowledge regarding the role of the cervix in reproduction and emphasizes areas that require future investigation. Thirty authors have contributed 24 chapters. Major topics considered are embryology, anatomy, and histology of the cervix; biochemical and biophysical studies of cervical tissues and secretions; and the effects of fertility, pregnancy, and contraception on the cervix. Blandau has contributed an important and intriguing chapter on sperm transport through the mammalian cervix and Moghissi has complemented this with a chapter on sperm migration through the human cervix. The chapter on the effects of oral contraceptives on the cervix is of practical importance and clarifies much of the misleading data published during the past decade. Biodynamics of the cervix during pregnancy and labor is
HOXB4 and retroviral vectors: adding fuel to the fire
Authors: Andre Larochelle, Cynthia E. Dunbar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The transcription factor homeobox B4 (HOXB4) is a promising agent capable of providing a growth advantage to genetically modified hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In this issue of the JCI, Zhang and colleagues overexpressed HOXB4 in HSPCs from large animals using retroviral vectors (see the related article beginning on page 1502). Two years after transplantation, most animals developed leukemia, a consequence of combined HOXB4 and deregulated protooncogene expression. These results highlight the risks of combining integrating vectors and growth-promoting genes for clinical applications.
BASM after the Institute
Authors: Peter Sperryn
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1991)

Sports MedicineInstitute this summer?The prime functions of the NSMI are to promote sports medicine and all necessary education to that end.BASM's limitations in education reflect the inevitable shortages of money and manpower affecting any voluntary body seeking to serve a professional coordinating, not to say regulatory, function.BASM's relatively modest income does not permit full office support and any busy professional who volunteers for office knows that his time and energy are always too limited for the causes he espouses.Hence BASM's long campaign for 'official' recognition; its first deputation to the original Sports Council was rebuffed in the early seventies!We have raised our subscriptions as fast as our membership could tolerate, inevitably losing some members and, determined to advance, have streamlined some of our office functions and reformed the Journal.However, the broader time-scale is inevitably against such evolution.We believe that the Sports Council chose to launch the initiative which culminated in the NSMI because the demanding voice of sport could no longer be ignored.To its surprise, it found BASM and the medical professions more than willing to cooperate fully and, indeed, impatient for action.Despite the Sports Council's NSMI Foundation Working Party's non-representative status, its conclusions have been accepted by all parties, including BASM's recent Extraordinary General Meeting, without dissent or delay.
Hodgkin Lymphoma in a patient with mycosis fungoides: molecular evidence for separate cellular origins
Authors: R.U. Sidwell, J.E. McLaughlin, A. Jones, S.J. Whittaker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Hodgkin Lymphoma in a patient with mycosis fungoides: molecular evidence for separate cellular origins Get access R.U. Sidwell, R.U. Sidwell Departments of Dermatology Dr Rachel Sidwell, Dermatology Registrar, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. McLaughlin, J.E. McLaughlin Histopathology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Jones, A. Jones Medical Oncology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. Whittaker S.J. Whittaker Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 4, 1 April 2003, Pages 810–812, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05295.x Published: 01 April 2003 Article history Accepted: 14 October 2002 Published: 01 April 2003
A STUDY OF THE TRANSFER OF LONG-HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS TO A CONVALESCENT SERVICE
Authors: FREDERICK PHILLIPS, SOPHIA BELLE MAY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

For five months a staff group of psychiatrist, social worker, nurse and vocational counsellor worked closely with a group of 72 male patients, about 75% of whom had been hospitalized more than 5 years but who were currently able to maintain, with little supervision, a minimal social level of adjustment at least. The patients had recently been transferred from old buildings to a modern convalescent cottage. Twenty-six patients, who might otherwise have stayed indefinitely, did leave but others—or a total of 55 patients of the 72—actually were no longer receiving any active benefit from hospitalization. A differentiation seemed pertinent between chronicity of the illness itself and social chronicity in which the individual becomes adapted to a routine level of social functioning below his actual capacity. The culture of the state hospital seems to invite chronicity in the latter sense. The study indicates some of the threads in this pattern—often implicit rather than explicit. Chief among them is perhaps the old conception of the state hospital's function to give shelter indefinitely to those for whom no obviously better plan is available in the community and who are not motivated to try. The study suggests a concept of hospitalization limited to the continuing appropriateness of that service in terms of treatment and/or protection and some of the administrative means by which the social adjustment of the patient might then be stimulated to keep pace with the expectation of future plans to live outside.
Effect of one year treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate or beclomethasone dipropionate on bone density and bone metabolism: a randomised parallel group study in adult asthmatic subjects
Authors: T C Medici
Journal: Thorax (2000)

There is some concern that prolonged treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids may have a detrimental effect on bone mass. The aim of this one year study was to investigate the effects of low and high doses of fluticasone propionate (FP) (400 microg/day and 750 microg/day) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) (800 microg/day and 1500 microg/day) on bone mass and metabolism.This was a multicentre, double blind, parallel group study involving 69 mild to moderate asthmatic subjects who were randomised to treatment as follows: 22 to FP400, 21 to BDP800, 13 to FP750, and 13 to BDP1500. Their mean age was 39 years, 67% were men, and all the women were premenopausal.The results of peripheral quantitative computed tomographic (pQCT) measurements (primary variable) showed that, compared with baseline values, there was no loss of trabecular or integral (cortical and trabecular) bone in the distal radius or tibia in any of the patients over the 12 month study period. No consistent pattern emerged from the analysis of changes from baseline in markers of bone formation and resorption after six and 12 months of treatment.The results of this study provide reassuring prospective one year data showing that inhaled corticosteroids, in the range of doses used, had no adverse effects on bone mass and metabolism in this group of asthmatic patients.
Comparison of two combination chemotherapy regimens in advanced colorectal cancer.
Authors: A A Epenetos, C Amos, C Collis, M Slevin, A Rohatiner, H Baille-Johnson, J Pitts, P F Wrigley
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Subjects, methods, and resultsWe examined 54 normal people (30 women, 24 men) aged from 40 to 60 years; 27 of these were hospital staff or relatives of patients and 27 were patients in hospital being treated for a variety of non-neurological conditions.No individual was found to have or gave a history of neurological disease.We were careful to exclude all patients being treated with drugs that are known to be potential causes of peripheral neuropathy such as nitrofurantoin, isoniazid, and phenytoin.Patients suffering from illnesses that may be associated with peripheral neuropathy such as malignancy of any sort were also excluded.No subject had a family history of diabetes and all had normal fasting blood sugar concentrations.No severely ill patient was included in our study.All patients gave informed consent to the procedure.Testing was carried out by seating the person comfortably and immersing one hand in warm water (40-45°C).The hand was examined before immersion, when all pits or creases resembling wrinkles in the pulps of all the fingers were noted; examination was repeated after 20 minutes of immersion.We found a gradation between abundant wrinkling of the skin of all five fingers and mild wrinkling of only one finger.Results were tabulated as: (a) where wrinkling could-be observed in one or more fingers; and (b) where fingers emerged from immersion flat and often a little swollen.We observed wrinkling in 38 individuals, but there was no apparent wrinkling in 16.There was no difference between the sexes.
Tips improves survival in Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS)
Authors: J.C. García-Pagán, A. Perelló, Y. Suárez, F. Cervantes, J.C. Reverter, E. Moitinho, R. Gilabert, C. Bru, J. González-Abraldes, A. Escorsell, J. Bosch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Tumor-Suppressive Effects of Pannexin 1 in C6 Glioma Cells
Authors: Charles P.K. Lai, John F. Bechberger, Roger J. Thompson, Brian A. MacVicar, Roberto Bruzzone, Christian C. Naus
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Mammalian gap junction proteins, connexins, have long been implicated in tumor suppression. Recently, a novel family of proteins named pannexins has been identified as the mammalian counterpart of the invertebrate gap junction proteins, innexins. To date, pannexin 1 (Panx1) and pannexin 2 (Panx2) mRNAs are reported to be expressed in the brain. Most neoplastic cells, including rat C6 gliomas, exhibit reduced connexin expression, aberrant gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), and an increased proliferation rate. When gap junctions are up-regulated by transfecting C6 cells with connexin43, GJIC is restored and the proliferation is reduced. In this study, we examined the tumor-suppressive effects of Panx1 expression in C6 cells. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that C6 cells do not express any of the pannexin transcripts, whereas its nontumorigenic counterpart, rat primary astrocytes, exhibited mRNAs for all three pannexins. On generation of stable C6 transfectants with tagged Panx1 [myc or enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)], a localization of Panx1 expression to the Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane was observed. In addition, Panx1 transfectants exhibited a flattened morphology, which differs greatly from the spindle-shaped control cells (EGFP only). Moreover, Panx1 expression increased gap junctional coupling as shown by the passage of sulforhodamine 101. Finally, we showed that stable expression of Panx1 in C6 cells significantly reduced cell proliferation in monolayers, cell motility, anchorage-independent growth, and in vivo tumor growth in athymic nude mice. Altogether, we conclude that the loss of pannexin expression may participate in the development of C6 gliomas, whereas restoration of Panx1 plays a tumor-suppressive role. [Cancer Res 2007;67(4):1545–54]
Heterogeneity of t(4;14) in multiple myeloma. Long-term follow-up of 100 cases treated with tandem transplantation in IFM99 trials
Authors: P Moreau, M Attal, F Garban, C Hulin, T Facon, G Marit, M Michallet, C Doyen, S Leyvraz, M Mohty, M Wetterwald, C Mathiot, D Caillot, C Berthou, L Benboubker, L Garderet, C Chaleteix, C Traullé, J G Fuzibet, J Jaubert, T Lamy, P Casassus, M Dib, B Kolb, V Dorvaux, B Grosbois, I Yakoub-Agha, J L Harousseau, H Avet-Loiseau
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Increased VLDL in nephrotic patients results from a decreased catabolism while increased LDL results from increased synthesis
Authors: Monique G. de Sain-van der Velden, George A. Kaysen, Hugh A. Barrett, Frans Stellaard, Mireille M. Gadellaa, Hieronymus A. Voorbij, Dirk-Jan Reijngoud, Ton J. Rabelink
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
The Importance of Teaching Psychosomatic Medicine as Part of Medical Training
Authors: E. Ringel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

Teaching psychosomatic medicine is meant to acquaint the medical student early with the principles of 'Ganzheitsmedizin' and with the latest knowledge of psychosomatic pathogenesis. The graduated physician, however, irrespective of his specific field, needs also to be kept up with current developments in psychosomatic medicine, for psychosomatic medicine can only be successfully practised in interdisciplinary cooperation. Considering these tasks, it is evident that to achieve these aims specific institutes for psychosomatic medicine are absolutely necessary, an additional obligation of these institutes being the continuation of specifically psychosomatic research. The responsibility arising from psychosomatic problems is especially corroborated by futurological investigations, which state that psychosomatic cases, ten years from now, will range on the very top of the list of all psychomedical problems.
Anti-collagen type II antibodies in patients with very early synovitis
Authors: K Raza, M Mullazehi, M Salmon, C D Buckley, J Ronnelid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Anti-type II collagen (anti-CII) antibodies have been reported in between 3% and 27% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1 3 In contrast with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies,4 5 anti-CII antibodies are absent before the onset of synovitis6 and decrease over the first few years of disease.2 3 Anti-CII antibody levels thus appear to peak around the time of diagnosis of RA when they are associated with active inflammation.3 The pathological processes operating in the joints of patients with very early synovitis who develop RA are distinct from those in other patients with early synovitis and are characterised by a cytokine profile …