tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF STENTLESS PORCINE VERSUS STENTED PERICARDIAL BIOPROSTHESES IN OLDER PATIENTS UNDERGOING AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: RESULTS FROM THE SOCIETY OF THORACIC SURGEONS (STS) ADULT CARDIAC SURGERY NATIONAL DATABASE
Authors: J. Matthew Brennan, Eric Peterson, Yue Zhao, Sean O&apos;Brien, Michael Booth, Rachel S. Dokholyan, Pamela Douglas, Fred Edwards
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THREE-YEAR CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES AFTER IMPLANTATION OF SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT WITH T-STENTING TECHNIQUE IN CORONARY BIFURCATION LESIONS FROM J-CYPHER REGISTRY.
Authors: Toshihiro Tamura, Takeshi Kimura, Kazuaki Mitsudo, Takeshi Morimoto, Kazushige Kadota, Yasuhiko Hayashi, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi, None on behalf of the j-Cypher Registry investigators
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 4514: NMR study of XR5944 interaction with diverse estrogen response elements (EREs)
Authors: Raveendra I. Mathad, Zhenjiang Zhang, Feng-jue Shu, Xi Chen, Megan Carver, Caleb Kallen, Neil Sidell, Danzhou Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract ER has emerged as one of the most effective targets for breast cancer therapy since the discovery of the estrogen receptor (ER) as the modulator of estrogen action. However, the current ER-targeting therapies have a main limitation related to resistance. Our previous studies have shown that XR5944, a DNA bis-intercalator is capable of inhibiting the ER activity by its ability to specifically block the binding of ER to its consensus EREs. An DNA intercalator that targets ERE may be a useful therapeutic agent that can overcome the resistance to existing endocrine therapies. To understand the mechanism of the inhibition of ER-ERE interactions by XR5944, we have tested the specificity of XR5944 binding to consensus EREs (AGGTCAnnnTGACCT) with different tri-nucleotide spacer sequences as well as natural EREs using 1H NMR titration studies. Our results suggested that the ERE spacers play a significant role in determining the binding characteristics of the complex. XR5944 binds the ERE sequences in a slow-exchange binding mode on the NMR time-scale. The binding stoichiometry of XR5944 with ERE sequences was shown to be 2:1. Of those tested, the CGG/GCC and AGG/CCT spacers showed the best binding, while the CGT/ACG and TTT/AAA spacers showed the worst binding with XR5944. Results of luciferase reporter assays in MCF-7 cells indicated that XR5944 was significantly more potent in inhibiting the activity of reporters containing ERE-CGG than those containing ERE-TTT, consistent with our NMR results. Natural ERE sequences, including those located in the promoter of ER target genes TFF1, GREB1, Cathepsin D, Lactoferrin, and TGF-α, also appear to bind to XR5944 with different specificities as evident by differences in the 1H NMR spectra of their drug-DNA complexes. Thus, the affinity and specificity of the XR5944-ERE complex is influenced both by the nucleotide sequence of the half-sties and the tri-nucleotide spacer. Of the natural EREs tested, XR5944 appears to bind with the highest specificity to the ERE sequence of TFF1; hence we carried out further NMR studies of the binding of XR5944 to the TFF1 ERE sequence. Using site-specific labeling at each base, we were able to assign both the imino and H8 protons of the free TFF1 DNA and its drug complex. These assignments provide important information on the XR5944 binding sites with TFF1 ERE. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4514. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4514
Posterior Reconstruction of the Rhabdosphincter Allows a Rapid Recovery of Continence after Transperitoneal Videolaparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Bernardo Rocco, Andrea Gregori, Silvio Stener, Luigi Santoro, Andrea Bozzola, Stefano Galli, Roberto Knez, Francesco Scieri, Alessandra Scaburri, Franco Gaboardi
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Chemical speciation of lead dust associated with primary lead smelting.
Authors: T M Spear, W Svee, J H Vincent, N Stanisich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The research presented in this article assessed geochemical factors relating to dust produced during primary lead smelting. Bulk dust samples and size-selective airborne dust samples were collected from four areas of a primary lead smelter and analyzed by X-ray diffraction and sequential chemical extraction. X-ray diffraction showed that the smelter dusts were composed primarily of sulfides, oxides, sulfates, and silicates of metal ores, with galena being the primary dust component. Sequential extraction revealed the solubility of lead compounds at less than 7% in the exchangeable and mildly acidic steps for the bulk dusts collected from four smelter areas. The later steps of the extraction procedure were more effective in dissolving the lead compounds associated with the bulk dust samples, with 43%, 26%, and 8% of the total lead, in the ore storage, sinter, and blast/dross smelter areas, respectively, being extracted in the residual step. Sequential extraction of coarse airborne dust samples from the ore storage and sinter plant showed that 1.2% and 4.1% of the total lead, respectively, was exchangeable. The finer particle size fractions from these areas of the smelter showed higher percentages of exchangeable lead. Of the course airborne dust from the blast/dross furnace processes, 65% of the total lead was exchangeable. However, the largest percentage of lead from these areas was associated with the finer particle-size fractions. If lead bioavailability is related to its solubility as determined through sequential extraction, the health hazards associated with lead exposure may be appreciably enhanced in the blast and dross furnace processes.
The Effect of Supplementation with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Elderly Exposed to PM <sub>2.5</sub>
Authors: Isabelle Romieu, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Jordi Sunyer, Camilo Rios, Mireya Alcaraz-Zubeldia, Silvia Ruiz Velasco, Fernando Holguin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

BackgroundThe mechanisms of particulate matter (PM)-induced health effects are believed to involve inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) appears to have anti-inflammatory effects.ObjectiveAs part of a trial to evaluate whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could protect against the cardiac alterations linked to PM exposure, we measured biomarkers of response to oxidative stimuli [copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lipoperoxidation (LPO) products, and reduced glutathione (GSH)] and evaluated the impact of supplementation on plasma levels.MethodsWe recruited residents from a nursing home in Mexico City chronically exposed to PM ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and followed them from 26 September 2001 to 10 April 2002. We randomly assigned subjects in a double-blind fashion to receive either fish oil (n-3 PUFA) or soy oil. We measured PM2.5 levels indoors at the nursing home, and measured Cu/Zn SOD activity, LPO products, and GSH at different times during presupplementation and supplementation phases.ResultsSupplementation with either fish or soy oil was related to an increase of Cu/Zn SOD activity and an increase in GSH plasma levels, whereas exposure to indoor PM2.5 levels was related to a decrease in Cu/Zn SOD activity and GSH plasma levels.ConclusionSupplementation with n-3 PUFA appeared to modulate the adverse effects of PM2.5 on these biomarkers, particularly in the fish oil group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA could modulate oxidative response to PM2.5 exposure.
Paid Malpractice Claims for Adverse Events in Inpatient and Outpatient Settings
Authors: Tara F. Bishop, Andrew M. Ryan, Lawrence P. Casalino
Journal: JAMA (2011)

<h3>Context</h3>An analysis of paid malpractice claims may provide insight into the prevalence and seriousness of adverse medical events in the outpatient setting.<h3>Objective</h3>To report and compare the number, magnitude, and type of paid malpractice claims for events in inpatient and outpatient settings.<h3>Design and Setting</h3>Retrospective analysis of malpractice claims paid on behalf of physicians in outpatient and inpatient settings using data from the National Practitioner Data Bank from 2005 through 2009. We evaluated trends in claims paid by setting, characteristics of paid claims, and factors associated with payment amount.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Number of paid claims, mean and median payment amounts, types of errors, and outcomes of errors.<h3>Results</h3>In 2009, there were 10 739 malpractice claims paid on behalf of physicians. Of these paid claims, 4910 (47.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 46.6%-48.5%) were for events in the inpatient setting, 4448 (43.1%; 95% CI, 42.1%-44.0%) were for events in the outpatient setting, and 966 (9.4%; 95% CI, 8.8%-9.9%) involved events in both settings. The proportion of payments for events in the outpatient setting increased by a small but statistically significant amount, from 41.7% (95% CI, 40.9%-42.6%) in 2005 to 43.1% (95% CI, 42.1%-44.0%) in 2009 (P &lt; .001 for trend across years). In the outpatient setting, the most common reason for a paid claim was diagnostic (45.9%; 95% CI, 44.4%-47.4%), whereas in the inpatient setting the most common reason was surgical (34.1%; 95% CI, 32.8%-35.4%). Major injury and death were the 2 most common outcomes in both settings. Mean payment amount for events in the inpatient setting was significantly higher than in the outpatient setting ($362 965; 95% CI, $348 192-$377 738 vs $290 111; 95% CI, $278 289-$301 934; P &lt; .001).<h3>Conclusion</h3>In 2009, the number of paid malpractice claims reported to the National Practitioner Data Bank for events in the outpatient setting was similar to the number in the inpatient setting.
Report says workforce planning must accommodate part time working for female doctors
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Workforce planning for doctors in the NHS must take account of female doctors’ preference for part time or other forms of flexible working, recommends a report published this week.

The Royal College of Physicians commissioned the report in response to the rapid rise in the number of women entering the medical profession at undergraduate level.

More than half (57%) of all new medical students are female. The number of women entering medical school has increased 10-fold since the early 1960s. The number of men has only doubled over this time. If current trends continue, most GPs will be women by 2013, and most of all doctors after 2017.

“The …
Reflections on Kath
Authors: Virginia U. Collier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 June 1993Reflections on KathVirginia U. Collier, MDVirginia U. Collier, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-12-199306150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As I read Dr. Swan's essay [1], I thought of my Katherinestill young, with unlimited potential, always vulnerable to unforeseen illnesses or accidents. Swan's poignant words expressed the anguish I and millions of others would feel on losing a child. I struggled with him and still share his grief. How fortunate the medical community is to have in its midst a scientist-clinician with such a profound and moving ability to capture emotions, even those engendered by tragedy. Indeed, how fortunate were those physicians and patients who had their lives touched by his Kath!REFERENCE1. Swan HJ. Kath. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:1049-50. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Virginia U. Collier, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGanglioneuromas and renal anomalies are induced by activated RETMEN2B in transgenic mice 15 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 12Page: 989KeywordsEmotions ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Mild β<sup>+</sup>(−87)‐thalassemia CACCC box mutation is associated with elevated fetal hemoglobin expression in cis
Authors: John G. Gilman, Laura Manca, Laura Frogheri, Paola Pistidda, Luciana Guiso, Maurizio Longinotti, Bruno Masala
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract The β°‐thalassemia codon 39 nonsense mutation predominant in Sardinia is severe, and homozygotes are transfusion dependent. Two‐thirds of β° 39 alleles are linked to A γ T (haplotype II). Onefourth are linked to A γ I (haplotypes I and IX), as is the mild β + ‐thalassemia −87 C→G mutation (haplotype VIII). β + /β°‐Thalassemla VIII/II compound heterozygotes have Significantly higher A γ I : A γ T (23:7) than β°‐thalassemia I/II (24:20) or IX/II (16:17) cases. This suggests that the β + −87 mutation is associated with elevated γ expression in cis, which may contribute to the lack of transfusion‐dependence in β + /β° Cases. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Comparison of Dobutamine Infusion and Supine Bicycle Exercise for Radionuclide Cardiac Stress Testing
Authors: MAYNARD L. FREEMAN, ROBERT PALAC, JAMES MASON, W EARL BARNES, GARY EASTMAN, SHEILA VIRUPANNAVAR, HENRY S. LOEB, ERVIN KAPLAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

We have compared the inotropic drug dobutamine to supine bicycle exercise as a means of inducing stress in radionuclide ventriculography studies. Dobutamine has the following properties, making it favorable for widespread usage: 1) ability to be given safely in a peripheral vein, 2) rapid onset, and 3) short duration of action. Each patient underwent supine bicycle progressive resistance testing of 2 minutes per stage followed 30 minutes later by dobutamine administration. Accuracy of diagnosis was 0.93 and sensitivity was 0.89 with dobutamine, while with bicycle the accuracy was 0.93 and sensitivity was 0.94. While not designed to replace supine bicycle testing, incremental infusions of dobutamine appear to be nearly equal in accuracy and sensitivity, providing a satisfactory technique for cardiac evaluation of previously excluded patients.
Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: U C Garg, A Hassid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor has been recently identified as nitric oxide. The purpose of this study was to determine if vasodilator drugs that generate nitric oxide inhibit vascular smooth muscle mitogenesis and proliferation in culture. Three chemically dissimilar vasodilators, sodium nitroprusside, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and isosorbide dinitrate, dose-dependently inhibited serum-induced thymidine incorporation by rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Moreover, 8-bromo-cGMP mimicked the antimitogenic effect of the nitric oxide-generating drugs. The antimitogenic effect of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine was inhibited by hemoglobin and potentiated by superoxide dismutase, supporting the view that nitric oxide was the ultimate effector. Sodium nitroprusside and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine significantly decreased the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, the inhibition of mitogenesis and proliferation was shown to be independent of cell damage, as documented by several criteria of cell viability. These results suggest that endogenous nitric oxide may function as a modulator of vascular smooth muscle cell mitogenesis and proliferation, by a cGMP-mediated mechanism.
USFMG's and Their Board Scores
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

IN its report published in this issue of the Journal the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) tells us that foreign-born graduates of foreign medical schools (mainly Asian) do very poorly on its certifying written examinations, as compared with graduates of U.S. and Canadian schools."Of course," you say. Cultural barriers are hard to surmount in medicine. It is only to be expected that physicians born and educated in Asia, even though they have spent several years in residency training in U.S. hospitals, would have difficulty with the objective type of examination so familiar to American students. But the fact . . .
1062. Potential Utility of Heat Shock Protein 70 Promoter (HSP70-P) as a Stress Responsive Promoter in Gene Delivery: HSP70-P Regulated Expression of Transgenes SOD1 and GPX1
Authors: Lokesh Agrawal, David S. Strayer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Cells respond to heat stress by synthesis and accumulation of several members of functionally distinct family of heat shock (or stress) proteins (HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90). HSPs confer protection against a large array of cytotoxic reagents and are implicated in thermo tolerance development. Heat shock protein70-promoter (HSP70-P) is a stress responsive promoter, which is highly responsive to a variety of stresses, including heat stress. We hypothesized that HSP70-P or other stress-responsive promoter-driven antioxidant expression could provide reasonable sensitivity of transgene expression to heat and other stresses, while avoiding constitutive overexpression of anti-oxidant enzymes. Our eventual goal is to evaluate protection of neurons from oxidant injury such as is elicited by exposure to HIV-1 gp120. In the present study we tested HSP70-P for gene delivery. We first performed a series of transfection studies using luciferase as a reporter gene. Expression of luciferase driven by HSP70-P was triggered maximally at 8Hrs post heat shock at 410C when tested in 293 and NT-2 derived neurons. Having established the likelihood that the HSP70-P could be used as a stress-responsive promoter to drive transgene expression, we then used it to test expression of antioxidant transgenes SOD1 and GPX1 in response to heat stress. HSP-70 promoter driven expression of SOD1 and GPX1 was studied in 293 cells and in terminally differentiated NT-2 derived neuronal cells by heat stress over a range of 0-72Hr. Cells, when stressed for an optimal 4-8Hr period, induced maximal expression of these transgenes. The increase in expression was about 4-fold at the optimal time period with no further increase in expression at later time intervals. These studies using a stress responsive promoter may help to better understand the ability of heat-shock promoter to regulate expression of enzymes needed to provide anti-oxidant induce protection.
Recurrent and Metastatic Osteoclast-like Giant Cell Tumor of the Liver Revealed by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Jingjing Zhang, Libo Chen, Fang Li, Yu Xiao, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 38-year-old woman presented with nausea and abdominal distension 15 months after surgical resection of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor in the left lobe of the liver. An 18F-FDG PET/CT scan was performed to evaluate the recurrent tumor. The images demonstrated the recurrent malignancy in the liver. In addition, metastatic lesions in both the abdomen and the chest were revealed.
Studies on the production of low density lipoproteins by perfused livers from nonhuman primates. Effect of dietary cholesterol.
Authors: F L Johnson, R W St Clair, L L Rudel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Nonhuman primates consuming diets containing cholesterol develop coronary artery atherosclerosis that we have found to be highly correlated with an increase in the size and cholesteryl ester content of plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL). The present studies were designed to determine whether the enlarged plasma LDL are produced directly by the liver of cholesterol-fed monkeys. African green monkeys were fed a diet containing 40% of calories as butter fat and either 0.16 mg cholesterol/kcal (control diet) or 0.78 mg cholesterol/kcal (test diet). The livers of these monkeys were perfused by recirculation with a lipoprotein-free medium for 4 h. The rate of accumulation of perfusate cholesterol was linear and greater in liver perfusates from test diet-fed vs. control diet-fed monkeys and was positively correlated with both the plasma cholesterol concentration and LDL size in the donor animal. All perfusate d less than 1.063 g/ml lipoprotein subfractions from livers of test diet-fed monkeys were enriched in cholesteryl ester severalfold over the corresponding subfractions from control diet-fed monkeys and contained only the larger form of apolipoprotein B typical of plasma LDL. However, the perfusate lipoproteins in the LDL density range did not have an average size or composition typical of LDL from plasma. Rather, they were relatively enriched in phospholipid and unesterified cholesterol and were deficient in cholesteryl esters. In addition, perfusate high density lipoproteins were discoidal particles. These data show that the enzyme lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was essentially inactive in these perfusates and, as a result, the dietary cholesterol-induced enrichment of perfusate d less than 1.063 g/ml lipoproteins with cholesteryl esters probably resulted from increased hepatic secretion of cholesteryl esters and not from modification of lipoproteins by LCAT during recirculating perfusion. In spite of this increase, enlarged cholesteryl ester-rich LDL were not found in the perfusate, suggesting that large molecular weight plasma LDL are not directly secreted by the liver but instead probably result from further intravascular metabolism of cholesteryl ester-enriched hepatic precursor lipoproteins.
It may be One of Those Letters.
Authors: W. T. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Groveland, Mass., April 29, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am surprised to find that the medical journal which professes to lead medical journalism in this country, has space to print this attempted slur at theAmerican Medical Association. The question—"The American Medical Association, what is it?" reminds me of an experience we had in the good old city of Boston not long ago. Among the heroes of the Civil War was Col. Robert G. Shaw, whose gallantry men who wore the blue or the gray were equally glad to honor. As a slight tribute to his worth, it was proposed to erect a statue to his memory, and the matter came up for discussion in the council. One of the rulers of modern Boston, an Irishman who, I presume, had not been very long in this country, arose and asked, "Who was Col. Robt. G. Shaw, anyhow?" TheAmerican