tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Whistleblower was unfairly dismissed in case lasting 12 years, tribunal rules
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A whistleblowing consultant cardiologist who was suspended by an NHS trust from 2002 to 2007 and sacked in 2010 was unfairly dismissed, an employment tribunal has ruled.

Raj Mattu was suspended by University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust in February 2002 on allegations of bullying,1 five months after he spoke to the BBC about the death of a 35 year old patient in an overcrowded bay at Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry.

Birmingham Employment Tribunal rejected a claim that his summary dismissal for gross misconduct in 2010 was because of his whistleblowing and decided that the reason for his sacking was his refusal to sign an action plan for reskilling after his return to work. He had argued that his retraining plan should …
PET Imaging of Tumor Growth: Not as Easy as It Looks
Authors: Anthony F. Shields
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Positron emission tomography can be used to image tumor proliferation when combined with appropriate labeled tracers, such as the thymidine analog [(18)F]-3'-deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine. Although thymidine kinase 1 is the principal mechanism of cell trapping, other variables, such as the cellular level of native thymidine, may need to be considered.
A zinc-finger transcriptional activator designed to interact with the γ-globin gene promoters enhances fetal hemoglobin production in primary human adult erythroblasts
Authors: Andrew Wilber, Ulrich Tschulena, Phillip W. Hargrove, Yoon-Sang Kim, Derek A. Persons, Carlos F. Barbas, Arthur W. Nienhuis
Journal: Blood (2010)
VATS pericardiotomy for patients with known malignancy and pericardial effusion: Survival and prognosis of positive cytology and metastatic involvement of the pericardium: A case control study
Authors: Siyamek Neragi-Miandoab, Philip A. Linden, Christopher T. Ducko, Raphael Bueno, William G. Richards, David J. Sugarbaker, Michael T. Jaklitsch
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2008)
Association of Circulating Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Activity With Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the Community
Authors: Ramachandran S. Vasan, Michael J. Pencina, Sander J. Robins, Justin P. Zachariah, Guneet Kaur, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Jose M. Ordovas
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration is related inversely to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity raises high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and may be cardioprotective, but an initial clinical trial with a CETP inhibitor was stopped prematurely because of increased CVD in treated patients, raising concerns about this approach. Data relating circulating CETP concentrations to CVD incidence in the community are conflicting.
Does the UK have the highest paid doctors in Europe?
Authors: H E Mackay, M R Cope
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—With the NHS budget deficit spiralling out of control, politicians are looking for scapegoats. One of the largest and easily identifiable costs to the NHS is that of wages. The pay deals negotiated have led to the claim by the health secretary that UK doctors are the highest paid doctors in Europe.1 We were therefore interested if there were any data to …
Prevalence in England of Antibody to Human Polyomavirus (B.K.)
Authors: S. D. Gardner
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Over 500 human sera were tested by complement fixation and haemagglutination inhibition tests for antibody to the human polyomavirus (B.K.). Both tests showed that antibody to this virus was very common in the population and began to be acquired after the age of 1 year. No clinical illness has so far been associated with the development of this antibody in a series of paired sera from children.
Eosinophilic activation in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: D Y Koller, M Gotz, I Eichler, R Urbanek
Journal: Thorax (1994)

The neutrophil is a potent contributor to pulmonary destruction in cystic fibrosis. Since eosinophils also possess destructive potential the involvement of eosinophils in cystic fibrosis has been investigated.Eosinophil numbers and levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), a marker of eosinophil activation, were determined in the serum of 42 patients with cystic fibrosis and in the sputum of 10 of them. To determine neutrophil activation levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also measured.In cystic fibrosis increased serum levels of ECP were detected compared with healthy non-atopic subjects. Serum ECP levels were not related to the peripheral blood eosinophil count. A strong correlation with ECP concentrations in sputum indicated that the level of ECP in serum was representative of its pulmonary level. Levels of MPO were also increased in cystic fibrosis. A strong correlation was found between MPO and pulmonary function. In addition, ECP was related to arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions. Antibiotic treatment reduced neutrophil activation without effect on ECP levels.Until now Pseudomonas aeruginosa and neutrophils were held to be primarily responsible for progressive tissue damage in cystic fibrosis. The results of this study suggest that eosinophils might also participate in such pulmonary destruction.
Successful treatment of disseminated Fusariosis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with the combination of voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B
Authors: M STANZANI, N VIANELLI, G BANDINI, S PAOLINI, M ARPINATI, F BONIFAZI, B GIANNINI, C AGOSTINELLI, M BACCARANI, P RICCI
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Non-pharmacological influences on therapeutic efficacy.
Authors: M B Clyne
Journal: BMJ (1973)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> The purpose of the study was to determine the association between bilingualism and age at onset of dementia and its subtypes, taking into account potential confounding factors. <h3>Methods:</h3> Case records of 648 patients with dementia (391 of them bilingual) diagnosed in a specialist clinic were reviewed. The age at onset of first symptoms was compared between monolingual and bilingual groups. The influence of number of languages spoken, education, occupation, and other potentially interacting variables was examined. <h3>Results:</h3> Overall, bilingual patients developed dementia 4.5 years later than the monolingual ones. A significant difference in age at onset was found across Alzheimer disease dementia as well as frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia, and was also observed in illiterate patients. There was no additional benefit to speaking more than 2 languages. The bilingual effect on age at dementia onset was shown independently of other potential confounding factors such as education, sex, occupation, and urban vs rural dwelling of subjects. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This is the largest study so far documenting a delayed onset of dementia in bilingual patients and the first one to show it separately in different dementia subtypes. It is the first study reporting a bilingual advantage in those who are illiterate, suggesting that education is not a sufficient explanation for the observed difference. The findings are interpreted in the context of the bilingual advantages in attention and executive functions.
Pancreas Transplantation for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: JOSIAH BROWN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Despite the best efforts of physicians and diabetic patients in the use of insulin for control of juvenile-onset (insulin-deficient) diabetes, vascular complications occur in most patients. The many advantages of the whole fetal pancreas as a donor organ make transplantation of the pancreas a promising improvement in therapy. A rat model has been developed for future application to human beings. After transplantation of one fetal rat pancreas into a diabetic recipient, maturation and growth of the transplant is adequate for complete reversal of the diabetic state of the recipient. Because of the atrophy of exocrine elements after transplantation of the fetal organ, many of the technical problems inherent in adult pancreas transplants are avoided. The small size of the fetal pancreas permits cryopreservation and permanent storage without apparent loss of function. Cryopreservation provides time for typing, matching, and preparation of the recipient to receive the donor organ and thus may alleviate rejection problems.
Letter Regarding Article by Yu et al, “Tissue Doppler Imaging Is Superior to Strain Rate Imaging and Postsystolic Shortening on the Prediction of Reverse Remodeling in Both Ischemic and Nonischemic Heart Failure After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy”
Authors: Frank Weidemann, Bart Bijnens, Jörg M. Strotmann
Journal: Circulation (2004)

We want to congratulate Yu et al on their article on the role of tissue Doppler imaging in the assessment of cardiac function in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), which we read with great interest. 1We agree that tissue Doppler imaging provides important information for the prediction of functional recovery after CRT.We would like to comment, however, on the comparison of velocity data with strain-rate data that was used in their study.Based on the intrinsic properties of deformation analysis, in theory, strain-rate data should be more reliable in assessing regional contraction and thus in describing regional "asynchrony" more precisely than are myocardial velocity data, which are always influenced by overall heart motion and tethering effects. 2,3It is surprising, then, based on their study data that the authors come to the opposite conclusion, in favor of velocity data.We are convinced that this might be caused by the technical limitations encountered during the acquisition and after the processing of the strain-rate data sets.As has been observed and reported by several researchers in this field, with equipment as it exists today, the following precautions are mandatory for robust strain-rate analysis: having a high frame-rate, tracking the region of interest to remain within the tissue under investigation, and averaging over a few consecutive heart cycles. 4 We believe that a frame rate that is higher than 140 frames per second (the rate used by Yu et al) is mandatory to completely resolve the time course of myocardial contraction in this specific patient population.In addition, the authors did not report that they tracked the region of interest during the heart cycle; neither do they comment on temporal averaging of heart cycles before extracting strain-rate values.Furthermore, because of the thin walls of extremely dilated ventricles, the measurement of strain-rate data is technically demanding.The strain-rate curves displayed in Figure 3 may represent some of the technical aspects mentioned above, as they do not resolve regional myocardial contraction reliably and thus cannot be used to derive information about asynchrony.The authors could show the predictive value of velocity data in the evaluation of patients undergoing CRT.We believe, however, that the conclusion about the value of strain-rate imaging for monitoring the effects of CRT cannot be drawn from their study.
Therapeutic advantage of converting enzyme inhibitors in arresting progressive renal disease associated with systemic hypertension in the rat.
Authors: S Anderson, H G Rennke, B M Brenner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Micropuncture and morphologic studies were performed in six groups of male Munich-Wistar rats after removal of the right kidney and segmental infarction of two-thirds of the left kidney. Groups 1 and 4 received no specific therapy. Groups 2 and 5 were treated with the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, 50 mg/liter, in the drinking water. Groups 3 and 6 were treated with reserpine (5 mg/liter), hydralazine (80 mg/liter), and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/liter). All rats were fed standard chow. Groups 1-3 underwent micropuncture study 4 wk after renal ablation. Untreated group 1 rats exhibited systemic hypertension and elevation of the single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) due to high average values for the mean glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure gradient (delta P) and glomerular plasma flow rate (QA). In group 2 rats, treatment with enalapril prevented systemic hypertension and maintained delta P at near-normal levels without significant reduction in SNGFR and QA. In contrast, triple drug therapy normalized systemic hypertension, but failed to lower delta P in group 3 rats. Groups 4-6 were followed for 12 wk after renal ablation. Untreated group 4 rats demonstrated continuous systemic hypertension, progressive proteinuria, and glomerular structural lesions, including mesangial expansion and frequent areas of segmental sclerosis. In group 5 rats, treatment with enalapril maintained systemic blood pressure at normal levels over the 12-wk period and dramatically limited the development of proteinuria and glomerular lesions. Despite equivalent systemic blood pressure control in group 6 rats, failure of triple drug therapy to control glomerular hypertension was associated with progressive proteinuria and glomerular lesions comparable to those seen in untreated group 4 rats. Thus, unless glomerular capillary hypertension is corrected, control of systemic blood pressure is insufficient to prevent progressive renal injury in rats with reduced renal mass.
Effects of a calcium-entry blocker (diltiazem) on regional myocardial flow and function during exercise in conscious dogs.
Authors: M Matsuzaki, K P Gallagher, J Patritti, T Tajimi, W S Kemper, F C White, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We examined the effects of diltiazem, a calcium-entry blocker, on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in nine conscious dogs with chronic coronary stenoses. An ameroid constrictor, Doppler flow probe, and hydraulic occluder were placed around the left circumflex coronary artery, and left ventricular pressure was measured (Konigsberg micromanometer). Pairs of ultrasonic crystals were implanted for measuring left ventricular systolic wall thickening (% delta WTh) in control (left ventricular anterior wall) and ischemic (left ventricular posterior wall) regions, and regional myocardial blood flow was measured with the microsphere method. Eighteen days (average) after surgery mean coronary blood flow velocity had decreased and reactive hyperemic flow velocity after 10 sec of coronary occlusion was markedly reduced, but % delta WTh at rest remained normal, indicating collateral development. Control treadmill exercise was performed for 3.7 min (average), and 2 hr later administration of 0.3 mg/kg diltiazem was followed by an identical exercise bout. Control exercise increased % delta WTh in the normal region, while in the ischemic region % delta WTh decreased markedly and ischemia was evident (subendocardial flow, 0.29 +/- 0.12[SD] ml/min/g). After diltiazem hemodynamic and % delta WTh values at rest were not changed; during exercise the heart rate was significantly lower (204 +/- 24 vs 227 +/- 33 beats/min, p less than .01), but values for other hemodynamic measures were similar to those during the control run. % delta WTh in the control region was not changed during exercise after diltiazem, but compared with control exercise in the ischemic zone there was less dysfunction and subendocardial flow was greater. Recovery from exercise-induced dysfunction in the ischemic region occurred within 5 min, compared with over 30 min after control exercise. Thus, in a preparation of chronic coronary stenosis, the calcium-entry blocker improved the relationship between regional myocardial flow and function during exercise and led to more rapid recovery of regional myocardial dysfunction.
Time course and importance of neoadventitial formation in arterial remodeling following balloon angioplasty of porcine coronary arteries
Authors: M Labinaz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objectives: Arterial remodeling has been suggested as the predominant factor in restenosis. However, the time course and morphometric factors that determine whether remodeling occurs remain unclear. We hypothesized that arterial remodeling does not occur in all arteries following balloon injury and is dependent on neoadventitial formation. Methods: Using single (SI) and double (DI) balloon injury of Yorkshire porcine coronary arteries we examined changes in morphometry 3, 7, 14, and 28 days following balloon injury. Results: In both SI and DI arteries, the neoadventitia (NAD) area expanded by day 3 and was the first compartment to increase following injury. In SI arteries lumen area (LA) decreased between day 3 and 14 while in DI arteries, there was significantly less loss in LA. In SI arteries, contracture of the area circumscribed by the external elastic lamina (EEL), which occurred predominantly between day 7 and 14, accounted for 67% of the loss of LA. Conclusions: Accumulation of NAD appears to be the earliest change in the vessel wall following balloon injury of normal or previously injured arteries and precedes the growth of the I+M (intima and media). The predominant mechanism for lumenal narrowing following single balloon injury of a normal artery is remodeling. In contrast, remodeling does not occur in DI arteries, possibly due to differences in the degree of adventitial fibrosis of normal and injured arteries.
REMOVAL OF THE GASSERIAN GANGLION.A Clinical Lecture Delivered at Merey Hospital.
Authors: EDMUND ANDREWS
Journal: JAMA (1893)

On Saturday, January 7, Dr. Edmund Andrews performed for the fourth time, at Mercy Hospital, Chicago, his operation for the removal of the Gasserian ganglion. The patient was a woman and furnished typical indications for the operation, having suffered for years with a tic douleureux of the right side. She had previously undergone two operations, she said, presumably section and avulsion of the nerve, with the usual result, viz: a return of the agonizing pains in the course of about two months. When Dr. Andrews first conceived the idea of such an operation,he had satisfied himself that these obstinate trigeminal neuralgias usually have their origin in defective teeth which give rise to a neuritis involving first the inferior dental nerve and gradually progressing until the entire inferior maxillary branch of the fifth nerve is involved, that it ascends as far as the semilunar ganglion and stops there, not being transmitted
Feedback Control of Hormones: Action at the CNS Level.
Authors: Karl M. Knigge
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Feedback Control of Hormones: Action at the CNS Level.Karl M. Knigge, Ph.D.Karl M. Knigge, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1076_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe homeostatic mechanisms involved in control of the several classical pituitary-target organ systems are now know to involve neural pathways operating through the central nervous system. Major areas of neuroendocrine interest are centered about (1) biochemical nature of neural transmitter substances, (2) elucidation of excitatory and inhibitory pathways affecting release of these hypophysiotrophic substances, and (3) analysis of the role of hormone feedback in integrating these neural components.The present report describes methods used and some results obtained when the intracerebral thyroxin titer at specific loci in the brain is artificially increased. The rationale of such experiments lies in the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cincinnati, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1076-1076KeywordsBrainCentral nervous systemHormonesThyroxine Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Successful treatment of actinic keratosis with imiquimod cream 5%: a report of six cases
Authors: E. Stockfleth, T. Meyer, B. Benninghoff, E. Christophers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Actinic keratoses (AK) are premalignant lesions, which are routinely treated by destructive procedures such as cryotherapy, electrodessication or topical 5-fluorouracil.The aim of this study is to report six cases of AK treated with a potential new topical therapy, imiquimod.Subjects included in this study had suffered with recurrent AK for between 5 and 16 years. All six men were treated with imiquimod 5% cream three times a week for 6-8 weeks. In the event of a local skin reaction treatment was modified to two times per week.All the AK lesions were successfully cleared after treatment with imiquimod cream 5% for 6-8 weeks. Histologically, no apparent signs of persisting AK could be detected, and no recurrences were reported during follow up.This study suggests that imiquimod may be useful as a new therapy for the treatment of actinic keratoses.
Classical Flt3L-dependent dendritic cells control immunity to protein vaccine
Authors: Niroshana Anandasabapathy, Rachel Feder, Shamim Mollah, Sze-Wah Tse, Maria Paula Longhi, Saurabh Mehandru, Ines Matos, Cheolho Cheong, Darren Ruane, Lucas Brane, Angela Teixeira, Joseph Dobrin, Olga Mizenina, Chae Gyu Park, Matthew Meredith, Björn E. Clausen, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Ralph M. Steinman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2014)

DCs are critical for initiating immunity. The current paradigm in vaccine biology is that DCs migrating from peripheral tissue and classical lymphoid-resident DCs (cDCs) cooperate in the draining LNs to initiate priming and proliferation of T cells. Here, we observe subcutaneous immunity is Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) dependent. Flt3L is rapidly secreted after immunization; Flt3 deletion reduces T cell responses by 50%. Flt3L enhances global T cell and humoral immunity as well as both the numbers and antigen capture capacity of migratory DCs (migDCs) and LN-resident cDCs. Surprisingly, however, we find immunity is controlled by cDCs and actively tempered in vivo by migDCs. Deletion of Langerin+ DC or blockade of DC migration improves immunity. Consistent with an immune-regulatory role, transcriptomic analyses reveals different skin migDC subsets in both mouse and human cluster together, and share immune-suppressing gene expression and regulatory pathways. These data reveal that protective immunity to protein vaccines is controlled by Flt3L-dependent, LN-resident cDCs.
Congenital coronary artery obstruction associated with aortic anomalies in children: report of two cases.
Authors: R Gibson, M R Nihill, C E Mullins, D A Cooley, F M Sandiford, D G McNamara
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Coronary arterial obstruction associated with congenital aortic valve disease is rare in children. We studied two children with aortic valve disease and symptoms of coronary insufficiency. Cineangiography revealed localized obstruction of the proximal left coronary artery. In one patient, a membrane-like structure partially covered the left sinus of Valsalva, almost isolating the ostium of the left coronary artery; the other patient had severe stenosis of the proximal left coronary artery and a congenitally hypoplastic left coronary cusp. Surgical repair was successful in both cases. Symptoms of myocardial ischemia in children with aortic valve disease should be investigated promptly to exclude obstruction of the coronary arteries.
Doctors should be more aggressive in treating hypertension in diabetic patients
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Many people with diabetes do not meet national recommendations for keeping their blood pressure under control, probably because doctors are not aggressive enough in treating hypertension in these patients.

“Our findings emphasise how clinicians need to be more aggressive in their management of blood pressure in diabetic patients with hypertension,” said Dr Dan Berlowitz of Bedford VA Hospital in Massachusetts, one of the authors of a new study examining the treatment of hypertension in people with diabetes ( Diabetes Care 2003;26:355-9).

The researchers examined the medical records of 800 male veterans with hypertension. They compared the intensity …