tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RESULTS OF THE TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS WITH SALVARSAN AT THE ROYAL NAVAL HOSPITAL, HASLAR
Authors: T. B. Shaw
Journal: BMJ (1912)

SA,TAXARSAN_ -has been used at Haslar since the end of Decemicr, 1910.The number of cases treated down to March, 1912, is 340, and as the eniployment of this new r6emedy in syphilis is a subject of general -interest, it lhas been tlhought advisable to publish a short sutamary of our results.In the treatment of the first 20 eases an alkaline solution of the drug was administered i-int muscily:ly twenty-six injections were giveni in this way, and we were Very favouirably imlpressed by the inethod; the severe pain was well borne by the men, and no eVidence of tissue necro.sis at the injection site--a sequela deseribed by many workers -occurred in--&any df our eou ses.-
Infantile midline facial hemangioma with agenesis of the corpus callosum and sinus pericranii: Another face of the PHACE syndrome
Authors: Anna Drosou, Latanya Benjamin, Italo Linfante, Karen Mallin, Andrea Trowers, Ajay K. Wakhloo, Seth R. Thaller, Lawrence A. Schachner
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Influence of anti-HCV on survival of alcohol chronic liver disease (ACLD) analyzed with cox multiple regression model
Authors: A. Escudero, R. Gonzalez, M. Serra, J. Olmo, S. Gilabert, L. Aparisi, A. Wassel, JM. Rodrigo, S. Digestivo, H. Clínico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Choledochal Cyst Mimicking Gailbiadder in Tc-99m Disofenin Radionuclide Cholescintigraphy
Authors: PEI-WEN WANG, HUE-YONG CHEN, YUNG-LIANG WAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A 6-year-old girl suffered from intermittent abdominal pain and bile-stained vomiting after undergoing cholecystectomy for perforated gallbladder and bile peritonitis when she was 2 years old. The interesting finding of her choledochal cyst, which was visualized 5 minutes after the injection of Tc-99m disofenin and contracted well after an egg meal, is reported. This finding is inconsistent with those of early reports, which emphasized delayed filling and stasis of radioactivity in the dilated cyst. This case, together with more recent reports in this field, suggests that nuclear images of choledochal cyst, like its clinical presentation, may be quite variable.
Molecular Marker Profiles Predict Locoregional Control of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Randomized Trial of Continuous Hyperfractionated Accelerated Radiotherapy
Authors: Francesca M. Buffa, Søren M. Bentzen, Frances M. Daley, Stanley Dische, Michele I. Saunders, Paul I. Richman, George D. Wilson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Identification of factors that assist prediction of tumor response to radiotherapy may aid in refining treatment strategies and improving outcome. Possible association of molecular marker expression profiles with locoregional control of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was investigated in a randomized trial of conventional versus continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART). Experimental Design: Tumor material was obtained from 402 patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess Ki-67, CD31, p53, Bcl-2, and cyclin D1 expression. A hierarchical clustering algorithm with a Bayesian information criterion was used to group tumors with similar marker expression; resulting expression profiles were then compared in terms of their difference in outcome after CHART and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. Results: Molecular marker profile was an independent prognostic factor for locoregional control. This was confirmed in multivariate analysis, including clinical variables such as tumor and nodal status, primary site, histological grade, age, and gender (P &amp;lt; 0.001 and P = 0.006 for local and nodal relapse, respectively). In particular, Bcl-2-positive tumors responded significantly better than average in both arms of the trial. Tumors negative for p53- and Bcl-2, with high and randomly patterned Ki-67 expression, responded worse than average with no benefit from CHART. Tumors with similarly negative p53 and Bcl-2, but low Ki-67 staining, with an organized pattern, benefit significantly from CHART schedule. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential of molecular profiles to predict radiotherapy response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and for treatment stratification. Distinct expression profiles correlate with three distinct clinical phenotypes, including good locoregional control, poor locoregional control, and an outcome strongly dependent upon fractionation schedule.
Detection of Internal Thoracic Artery Dissection at Coronary Anastomosis Using Intraoperative 15-MHz High-Frequency Epicardial Ultrasound
Authors: Taiju Watanabe, Hirokuni Arai, Keiji Oi, Tsuyoshi Hachimaru, Hidehito Kuroki, Tatsuki Fujiwara, Tomohiro Mizuno
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Endocrinology through an endoscope: lesions in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum in gastrinoma
Authors: E. Hoorn, H. Aktas, R. Linskens, E. Kuipers, P. Mensink
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

[Fig. 1] shows the upper endoscopy of a 58-year-old man who was admitted for persistent gastrointestinal bleeding, which eventually required angiography with coiling of the side branches of the pancreaticoduodenal artery.
Relatives and friends group in a psychiatric ward.
Authors: D Goldmeier, D Hollander, M J Sheehan
Journal: BMJ (1979)

To enable relatives and friends of psychiatric patients in a 30-bed acute admission ward to meet the staff team together a relatives and friends group was initiated. The group was intended to provide a forum for questions about the patients' illness and treatment; allow feelings, such as anger and anxiety, about the patient's illness to be expressed; and enable relatives and friends to share their experiences and offer advice and support to each other. A study was designed to assess the feasibility of the group scheme. Relatives and friends were invited to the day room of the admission ward each Wednesday evening for one hour. The visitors chose their own topics for discussion and the staff team tried to answer questions and to facilitate a free exchange of views. An account of each meeting was documented, including details of attenders, the nature of the topics raised, and a simple measurement of some of the emotions expressed by the visitors. Overall, the effect of the meetings seemed positive and productive, for they allowed relatives and friends to ask questions about many topics, to express pent-up emotions, and to gain a better understanding and tolerance of the patient's illness. The relatives and friends group has become an integral part of treatment on the wards. Now that the feasibility of such a group is established, further studies are required to evaluate its efficacy.
Carcinoma of the Tail of the Pancreas Presenting with Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Charles S. LaMonte
Journal: JAMA (1962)

CARCINOMA of the body and tail of the pancreas is, at present, an almost incurable disease, the patient having an average life expectancy of about 9 months after the appearance of symptoms. Rare and reportable cases survive as long as 2 years. To our knowledge only one long survivor (7 years) is reported. The poor prognosis is due in large part to the late appearance of specified findings. Abdominal pain is usually obscure and nonspecific; jaundice is usually absent or occurs late in association with hepatic metastases. Many authors have emphasized the importance of early diagnosis if this prognosis is to be improved. The following report stresses specific signs of pancreatic carcinoma demonstrated by a patient 10 months before the histologie diagnosis was made.  Report of a Case  Within the year preceding her first admission to Memorial Center, a 68-year-old lady had been studied at 3 other hospitals. In order
A new method to monitor drugs at dance venues
Authors: J. D Ramsey, M. A Butcher, M. F Murphy, T. Lee, A. Johnston, D. W Holt
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Information on the use of illicit drugs depends heavily on users' recall-what they remember, or think, that they have purchased-and on seizures by law enforcement agencies.Neither method may be able to give accurate information on what is currently available. 1 We have developed a new method designed to gain information on current drug consumption in a London dance venue.
Aggrecan is degraded by matrix metalloproteinases in human arthritis. Evidence that matrix metalloproteinase and aggrecanase activities can be independent.
Authors: A J Fosang, K Last, R A Maciewicz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Proteolytic degradation of aggrecan is a hallmark of the pathology of arthritis, yet the identity of the enzyme(s) in cartilage responsible for this degradation is unknown. Previous studies have suggested that the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may be involved but there has been no definitive evidence for their direct action in the proteolysis of aggrecan in human arthritis. We now show unequivocally that aggrecan fragments derived from the specific action of MMPs can be detected in synovial fluids from patients with both inflammatory and noninflammatory arthritis, with a neoepitope monoclonal antibody AF-28 that detects the NH2-terminal sequence F342FGVG.... The synovial fluid MMP fragments were of low buoyant density and distributed exclusively at the top of cesium chloride density gradients, suggesting that these fragments lacked chondroitin sulfate chains. AF-28 immunoblotting of synovial fluid aggrecan fragments revealed a population of small AF-28 fragments of 30-50 kD. Based on their size relative to characterized products of an MMP-8 digest (Fosang, A.J., K. Last, P. Gardiner, D.C. Jackson, and L. Brown. 1995, Biochem. J. 310:337-343), these AF-28 fragments were derived from proteinase cleavage at, or near, the ...ITEGE373 / ARGSV... aggrecanase site. Immunodetection with polyclonal anti-ITEGE antiserum revealed that these fragments lacked the ...ITEGE374 COOH terminus and were not therefore products of aggrecanase action. The same fluid samples contained a broad 68-90-kD G1 fragment that contained the COOH-terminal ...ITEGE374 neoepitope. The results suggest that in some circumstances, despite extensive proteolysis of the core protein, aggrecan molecules may be cleaved by MMPs or aggrecanase in the interglobular domain, but not both.
Comparison of sputum‐ECP levels in bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis
Authors: J. C. Virchow, C. Kroegel, U. Hage, C. Kortsik, H. Matthys, P. Werner
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a cationic protein secreted by eosinophils with toxic properties for the respiratory epithelium. Sputum‐ECP levels have been shown to correlate inversely with airflow obstruction in asthma. In the present study we investigated whether ECP concentrations are different between asthmatic patients and patients with chronic bronchitis. Sputum‐ECP concentrations from seven patients with bronchial asthma and seven patients with chronic bronchitis matched for FEV, were compared (FEV, 66.1 f 29.0% of predicted; FEV, Chronic Bronchitis: 65.2 33.3% of predicted; p = n.s.). Furthermore, sputum‐ECP levels in 4 asthmatic patients with severe airflow obstruction and in 1 patient with chronic bronchitis were measured before and after initiation of a 7‐day oral therapy with methylprednisolone 20 mg BID. Changes in sputum‐ECP values were compared with changes in FEV, in these 5 patients. Sputum‐ECP levels and pulmonary function were measured as previously described (Am Rev Respir Dis 1992: 145: 604). Sputum‐ECP levels from asthmatics were significantly elevated compared with patients with chronic bronchitis: asthma: 893.4 f346.2 pg/l per g sputum; chronic bronchitis: 30.0 f 8.5 pg/l per g sputum (p = 0.002). The degree of airway obstruction correlated with the sputum‐ECP levels in asthmatics (r = ‐0.76, p = 0.05). but not in the patients with chronic bronchitis (r = 0.24, p = n.s.). In a separate group of 4 patients with asthma, elevated sputum‐ECP levels prior to initiation of systemic corticosteroid therapy were associated with a marked improvement in FEV, after treatment, though this was not observed in one patient with chronic bronchitis and low sputum‐ECP levels. We conclude that airflow obstruction in bronchial asthma, but not chronic bronchitis, is associated with elevated sputum‐ECP concentrations. Furthermore, preliminary data suggest that elevated sputum‐ECP levels predict reversibility of airflow obstruction with systemic corticosteroid therapy. Hence, sputum‐ECP levels might be helpful in the differential diagnosis and treatment strategies of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis, especially in those patients who lack significant peripheral blood‐ or sputum‐eosinophilia.
ADAR2-dependent RNA editing of GluR2 is involved in thiamine deficiency-induced alteration of calcium dynamics
Authors: Shuchen Lee, Guang Yang, Yue Yong, Ying Liu, Liyun Zhao, Jing Xu, Xiaomin Zhang, Yanjie Wan, Chun Feng, Zhiqin Fan, Yong Liu, Jia Luo, Zun-Ji Ke
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2010)

Abstract Background Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency (TD) causes mild impairment of oxidative metabolism and region-selective neuronal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). TD in animals has been used to model aging-associated neurodegeneration in the brain. The mechanisms of TD-induced neuron death are complex, and it is likely multiple mechanisms interplay and contribute to the action of TD. In this study, we demonstrated that TD significantly increased intracellular calcium concentrations [Ca 2+ ] i in cultured cortical neurons. Results TD drastically potentiated AMPA-triggered calcium influx and inhibited pre-mRNA editing of GluR2, a Ca 2+ -permeable subtype of AMPA receptors. The Ca 2+ permeability of GluR2 is regulated by RNA editing at the Q/R site. Edited GluR2 (R) subunits form Ca 2+ -impermeable channels, whereas unedited GluR2 (Q) channels are permeable to Ca 2+ flow. TD inhibited Q/R editing of GluR2 and increased the ratio of unedited GluR2. The Q/R editing of GluR2 is mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2). TD selectively decreased ADAR2 expression and its self-editing ability without affecting ADAR1 in cultured neurons and in the brain tissue. Over-expression of ADAR2 reduced AMPA-mediated rise of [Ca 2+ ] i and protected cortical neurons against TD-induced cytotoxicity, whereas down-regulation of ADAR2 increased AMPA-elicited Ca 2+ influx and exacerbated TD-induced death of cortical neurons. Conclusions Our findings suggest that TD-induced neuronal damage may be mediated by the modulation of ADAR2-dependent RNA Editing of GluR2.
Antigen-Specific T Cell Sensitization Is Impaired in IL-17-Deficient Mice, Causing Suppression of Allergic Cellular and Humoral Responses
Authors: Susumu Nakae, Yutaka Komiyama, Aya Nambu, Katsuko Sudo, Michiko Iwase, Ikuo Homma, Kenji Sekikawa, Masahide Asano, Yoichiro Iwakura
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Cleaning of haemodialysis tubing.
Authors: S M Rosen
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Haemodialysis Tubing BECARLITJOUHNAL colleague."Even if this is vague, I am sure that ten or fifteen years ago the subject would never have got off the ground in the W.M.A.Moreover, the association's council has also just decided to study the question of artificial insemination, evidently with donor insemination in mind, and the commit-
Blood viscosity after splenectomy.
Authors: D A Robertson, F G Simpson, M S Losowsky
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Blood viscosity and its contributory factors--namely, plasma viscosity, fibrinogen concentration, packed cell volume, red-cell deformability, and platelet count--were measured in 20 asymptomatic patients after splenectomy and compared with those in controls. Whole-blood viscosity was significantly increased after splenectomy and was associated with increased platelet count and, more importantly, decreased red-cell deformability. Blood viscosity was measured in six patients before and after splenectomy and in each an increase in viscosity occurred that did not occur in patients who underwent laparotomy without splenectomy. these findings suggest that the inclusions and protein complexes within the red cell that are normally removed by the spleen decrease red-cell deformability and lead to an increase in blood viscosity. This may account for the observed increase in deaths from ischaemic heart disease many years after splenectomy.
Aortic Root Infection in a Prosthetic Valve Demonstrated by Gallium-67 Citrate SPECT
Authors: L E. J. Thomson, M P. Goodman, T Z. Naqvi, R Feldman, N A. Buchbinder, A Waxman, A D??Agnolo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A 70-year-old man presented with 6 weeks of worsening low back pain, fever, sweating, and weight loss with known severe lumbosacral osteoarthritis. His history included CABG in 1992, porcine aortic valve replacement, and permanent pacemaker implantation in 2002. CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis did not demonstrate a cause for the symptoms. Blood cultures grew penicillin-sensitive enterococcus and he was referred for evaluation of possible osteodiskitis or epidural abscess. Gallium planar imaging demonstrated increased activity in the lumbar spine, suspicious for the presence of infection, and activity was noted in the mid mediastinum as well. SPECT clearly showed increased Ga-67 activity in the region of the aortic root, suspicious for infection. A perivalvular aortic root abscess was subsequently demonstrated by transesophageal echo. This case illustrates the value of Ga-67 chest SPECT in patients with prosthetic valves for detection of endocarditis.
Prehistoric Spina Bifida Occulta
Authors: Robert E. Kuttner
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent letter by Guidotti (240:348, 1978) implies that a 90% incidence of spina bifida occulta in ten adult skeletons from a protohistoric American Indian burial site is a medical mystery and an unprecedented archaeological finding. This frequency of sacral anomalies is almost equaled by the Taforalt cave occupants from northeast Morocco who date back at least 10,000 years. Ferembach<sup>1</sup>reported 16 of 21 fossil specimens with closure defects. Since the burials came from several layers, it could be concluded that a persisting genetic factor operated in the local population for many generations. The fact that remains from neighboring sites at Oran and elsewhere, which shared the same mesolithic Mouillian culture, displayed no skeletal abnormalities suggests that environmental influences were not teratogenic and that the Taforalt people carried an inborn trait. The proto-Modoc Indian sample may represent a similar highly endogamous clan with a genetic tendency for
A new animal model for studying Lyme disease spirochetes in a mammalian host-adapted state.
Authors: D R Akins, K W Bourell, M J Caimano, M V Norgard, J D Radolf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

There is now substantial evidence that Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirochete, undergoes major alterations in antigenic composition as it cycles between its arthropod and mammalian hosts. In this report, we cultivated B. burgdorferi 297 within dialysis membrane chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavities of rats to induce antigenic changes similar to those which occur during mammalian infection. Chamber-grown spirochetes, which remained fully virulent, did not express either outer surface protein A or Lp6.6, lipoproteins known to be downregulated after mammalian infection. However, they did, express p21, a well characterized outer surface protein E homologue, which is selectively expressed during infection. SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and immunoblot analysis revealed that chamber-grown borreliae also expressed uncharacterized proteins not expressed by in vitro-cultivated spirochetes; reactivity with sera from mice chronically infected with B. burgdorferi 297 confirmed that many of these novel proteins are selectively expressed during experimental murine infection. Finally, we used differential display RT-PCR to identify transcripts of other differentially expressed B. burgdorferi genes. One gene (2.9-7lpB) identified with this technique belongs to a family of genes located on homologous 32- and 18-kb circular plasmids. The lipoprotein encoded by 2.9-7lpB was shown to be selectively expressed by chamber-grown spirochetes and by spirochetes during experimental infection. Cultivation of B. burgdorferi in rat peritoneal implants represents a novel system for studying Lyme disease spirochetes in a mammalian host-adapted state.
Hyperparathyroidism after radiotherapy.
Authors: E U Erkocak, S Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Carcinoid tumour of the breast Carcinoid tumours are normally found in the gastrointestinal tract and occasionally in the lung.A carcinoid in the breast does not appear to have been reported. Case reportA 66-year-old woman was referred with a two-week history of a lump in her left breast.This had not changed in size, nor was there any associated pain or nipple discharge.She was otherwise fit and well and had suffered no illnesses of note.There was a mobile lump, 2 cm in diameter with a smooth surface, in the upper and outer quadrant of her left breast.There were no other abnormalities and no palpable axillary lymph nodes.She was admitted to hospital and the lump excised.The surgeon noted that the lump was solid and yellow with a necrotic centre.Histological examination showed a typical carcinoid tumour containing argentaffine cells (figure).The results of urinary 5-hydroxy indole-acetic acid assays were normal.She remained well 12 months after removal of the tumour and the results of further 5-hydroxy indole-acetic acid assays remain normal.
GMC member forced to stand down from disciplinary panel
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A controversial member of the General Medical Council had to stand down from a disciplinary panel last week after allegations that she had made “biased remarks” and prejudged the outcome of the case.

Jennifer Colman, one of five members hearing the case of Peter Robson, a GP accused of sexually harassing three female patients and a receptionist, was asked by Dr Robson's counsel …
STUDIES OF THE GENERALIZED SHWARTZMAN REACTION PRODUCED BY DIET
Authors: Hans Kaunitz, Donald C. Malins, Donald G. McKay
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

By molecular distillation of oxidized cod liver oil a partial isolation of the lipid species responsible for the diet-induced generalized Shwartzman reaction in pregnant rats has been achieved. Molecular distillation produced three fractions and a residue. Qualitative and quantitative differences in each fraction were shown by determining iodine and saponification numbers and by thin layer chromatography on silicic acid. The incidence of the Shwartzman reaction was higher with fraction III than with either of the other two fractions, the residue, or the original oxidized cod liver oil. It is evident that the toxic factor or factors can be concentrated by molecular distillation. The high temperatures used in the molecular distillation destroy peroxides in the lipids. Therefore, in spite of the fact that oxidation of dietary fats is necessary to produce the reaction, peroxides in the dietary lipid are not necessary for the development of the tissue reaction. The residue fraction contains high molecular weight polymers and the incidence of the Shwartzman reaction is low in animals fed this material. It is unlikely that high molecular weight polymers are responsible for the tissue reaction. Animals that do not gain weight at a rate close to that of the normal pregnant rat do not develop the reaction. Conversion of fraction III into its ethyl esters increased the incidence of the Shwartzman reaction in two experiments. Esterification appears to "unmask" a certain amount of the active factor. The specific lipid material or materials responsible for the development of the generalized Shwartzman reaction remains to be found.