tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P132 Carbon dioxide sensitivity in patients with hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: K. A. Bazin, S. Moosavi, K. Murphy, A. Perkins, M. Hickson, L. S. Howard
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Many body systems may be affected by chronic hyperventilation and symptoms may be wide-ranging. There is no obvious cause, no gold standard test and not all patients with Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) demonstrate characteristic low resting PaCO<sub>2</sub>. No previous studies were found that reported the breath-hold time of HVS subjects at functional residual capacity, subjects9 end-tidal carbon dioxideat the breakpoint of breath-hold, the subjective experience of breath-hold or the effect of carbon dioxide inhalation on the perception of breathing discomfort in HVS subjects. <h3>Methods</h3> Five HVS patients, diagnosed by a respiratory physician, with no organic cause for breathlessness and referred for physiotherapy assessment (females, aged 21–70) and five healthy controls (females, aged 21–28) were studied. Breath-hold tests at total lung capacity (TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC). Incremental inhalation of CO<sub>2</sub> was performed, whilst breathing frequency and volume was unconstrained (‘free’) and when ‘fixed’ by a breathing circuit and metronome. Components of minute ventilation were recorded via inductive plethysmography, in addition to end-tidal carbon dioxide (P<sub>ET</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>). A 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to obtain a measure of breathing discomfort during breath-hold tests and CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation. The breathlessness experience associated with each CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation was assessed with the previously-published D-12 questionnaire. <h3>Results</h3> The HVS group demonstrated a lower breath-hold time at TLC (32 vs 68 s, p=0.03) and could not hold their breath at FRC compared with controls. During the incremental CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation tests there was a borderline significant increase in P<sub>ET</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> at the limit of tolerance in the HVS group during free breathing (1.5 kPa, p=0.07), but not fixed (2 kPa, p=0.1). Controls described feelings of air hunger following both inhalation tests: HVS patients tended to rate higher on work and effort descriptors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data suggest that patients with HVS may be more sensitive to changes in CO<sub>2</sub> than controls. Breath-hold time at TLC and FRC may also be useful identifying patients with HVS and monitoring response to physiotherapeutic intervention. Breakpoint P<sub>ET</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> during incremental CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation requires further validation in larger cohorts.
Charles Alan Blake Clemetson
Authors: Michael Innis, F Edward Yazbak
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Current methods of medical treatment of this difficult condition are briefly reviewed, with comments on the generally unsatisfactory response. Attention is therefore directed to surgical methods and a short history given of the various routes used for orbital decompression. The author9s own results of transantral, and more recently ethmoidal, decompression are given, with a detailed description of the technique for the latter approach. An interesting frequent consequence of postoperative A pattern to the ocular movements is discussed in the light of Koornneef9s concept of orbital fascial anatomy, and suggestions are made for its avoidance.
Note on a Vasovagal Attack of Gowers
Authors: M. Jefferson
Journal: BMJ (1949)

including the viruses of lymphogranulo'ma inguinale, psittacosis, and primary atypical pneumonia, the rickettsias, the enteric, Brucella, and relapsing-fever organisms, as well as -a large number of others.It is therapeutically effective after being given orally, but as it rapidly disappears from the blood frequent doses or high intermittent doses seem required; therapeutic dosage appears free from toxic or undesirable side-effects on man (Ley et al., 1948).As in the present case, positive stool cultures may occasionally be found in typhoid after a course of chloro- mycetin, and sometimes relapses with positive blood cul- tures may occur.Such relapses seem to respond readily to further courses of the drug, and no evidence that the organism becomes resistant has yet been reported.
Common Musculoskeletal Tumors of Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Carola A.S. Arndt, William M. Crist
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Common malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system in children, adolescents, and young adults (<30 years old) include rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. Together they constitute about 10 percent of newly diagnosed cancers in children, adolescents, and young adults (about 1000 cases annually in the United States). Although relatively common in young persons, these tumors are rare in older people.Rhabdomyosarcomas constitute more than half of all soft-tissue sarcomas in children.1 Other soft-tissue sarcomas are highly heterogeneous and individually rare (e.g., synovial sarcoma and sarcomas of soft parts); thus, they are not discussed further. Osteosarcoma comprises several high-grade histologic variants and . . .
A New Physical Sign in Pneumothorax
Authors: RAMON ORRIOLS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1987A New Physical Sign in PneumothoraxRAMON ORRIOLS, M.D.RAMON ORRIOLS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-254_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In pneumothorax the air initially accumulates in the highest part of the thoracic cavity, the apex, causing an early collapse of the upper lobe. When more air enters the pleural space, lung lobes collapse, further uniformly maintaining their natural shape at all stages. Physical findings depend largely on the volume of the pneumothorax. Sometimes, however, physical findings are absent when the pneumothorax is small (1).We have seen an early sensitive sign, which we do not believe has been reported previously. This is an undue resonance obtained by digital percussion on the medial zone of the clavicle...References1. LIGHT R. Pleural Diseases. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1983: 28-9. Google Scholar2. TESTUTLATARJET LA. Tratado de Anatomia Humana. Tomo III. Barcelona: Salvat Editores, S.A.; 1976:948. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPneumothorax effects on pulmonary acoustic transmissionPneumothorax and BarotraumaSelected Disorders of the Respiratory SystemUse of abdominal percussion for pneumoperitoneum detectionDo attending physicians really percuss? 1 August 1987Volume 107, Issue 2Page: 254-254KeywordsLungs Issue Published: 1 August 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiple chimeric antigen receptors successfully target chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 in several different cancer histologies and cancer stem cells
Authors: Rachel E Beard, Zhili Zheng, Kiran H Lagisetty, William R Burns, Eric Tran, Stephen M Hewitt, Daniel Abate-Daga, Shannon F Rosati, Howard A Fine, Soldano Ferrone, Steven A Rosenberg, Richard A Morgan
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

The development of immunotherapy has led to significant progress in the treatment of metastatic cancer, including the development of genetic engineering technologies that redirect lymphocytes to recognize and target a wide variety of tumor antigens. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are hybrid proteins combining antibody recognition domains linked to T cell signaling elements. Clinical trials of CAR-transduced peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) have induced remission of both solid organ and hematologic malignancies. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is a promising target antigen that is overexpressed in multiple cancer histologies including melanoma, triple-negative breast cancer, glioblastoma, mesothelioma and sarcoma.CSPG4 expression in cancer cell lines was assayed using flow cytometry (FACS) and reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry was utilized to assay resected melanomas and normal human tissues (n = 30) for CSPG4 expression and a reverse-phase protein array comprising 94 normal tissue samples was also interrogated for CSPG4 expression. CARs were successfully constructed from multiple murine antibodies (225.28S, TP41.2, 149.53) using second generation (CD28.CD3ζ) signaling domains. CAR sequences were cloned into a gamma-retroviral vector with subsequent successful production of retroviral supernatant and PBL transduction. CAR efficacy was assayed by cytokine release and cytolysis following coculture with target cell lines. Additionally, glioblastoma stem cells were generated from resected human tumors, and CSPG4 expression was determined by RT-PCR and FACS.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated prominent CSPG4 expression in melanoma tumors, but failed to demonstrate expression in any of the 30 normal human tissues studied. Two of 94 normal tissue protein lysates were positive by protein array. CAR constructs demonstrated cytokine secretion and cytolytic function after co-culture with tumor cell lines from multiple different histologies, including melanoma, breast cancer, mesothelioma, glioblastoma and osteosarcoma. Furthermore, we report for the first time that CSPG4 is expressed on glioblastoma cancer stem cells (GSC) and demonstrate that anti-CSPG4 CAR-transduced T cells recognize and kill these GSC.The functionality of multiple different CARs, with the widespread expression of CSPG4 on multiple malignancies, suggests that CSPG4 may be an attractive candidate tumor antigen for CAR-based immunotherapies using appropriate technology to limit possible off-tumor toxicity.
Coordinate loss of a microRNA and protein-coding gene cooperate in the pathogenesis of 5q− syndrome
Authors: Madhu S. Kumar, Anupama Narla, Atsushi Nonami, Ann Mullally, Nadya Dimitrova, Brian Ball, J. Randall McAuley, Luke Poveromo, Jeffrey L. Kutok, Naomi Galili, Azra Raza, Eyal Attar, D. Gary Gilliland, Tyler Jacks, Benjamin L. Ebert
Journal: Blood (2011)
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) controls lymphatic vessel maturation and valve formation
Authors: Sandrine Levet, Delphine Ciais, Galina Merdzhanova, Christine Mallet, Teresa A. Zimmers, Se-Jin Lee, Fabrice P. Navarro, Isabelle Texier, Jean-Jacques Feige, Sabine Bailly, Daniel Vittet
Journal: Blood (2013)
Physiological systems under pressure
Authors: Andrew R. Marks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The marked disruption of the homeostasis of a physiological system, be it a cell, tissue, organ, or whole organism, is more commonly known as stress. In many ways, aging can be considered the ultimate stress. However, physiological systems are constantly exposed to more acute stresses. Advances in our understanding of the molecular response of several physiological systems to both physiologic and pathologic stress is discussed in this Review Series. It is hoped that such understanding will facilitate the development of approaches to ameliorate some of the limitations these stresses place on individuals. However, as pointed out in many of the articles, much remains to be learned before such approaches can be envisioned.
Association of Erythema Multiforme with Herpes Simplex
Authors: A. Rook
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Persistent Anaemia in a Breast-fed Infant with Erythroblastosis FoetalisThe fact that anti-Rh agglutinins may be excreted in the breast milk is becoming increasingly well recognized, but the danger of continued breast-feeding to infants suffering from erythroblastosis foetalis is not comnronly realized.The following case may be of interest in view of the fact that the haemolytic pro- cess was probably maintained by the baby receiving anti-Rh agglutinins via the mother's milk. CASE REPORTFemale child, born May 24, 1946.Normal pregnancy and labour.Birth weight 8 lb. (3.6 kg.).Slightly jaundiced on day of birth, and this increased in intensity until she was admitted to hospital four days later.Her parents are healthy.They have one other -child, aged 6+ years, who was quite normal as a baby.There was a still- birth 21 years ago; the cause of this is unknown.No miscarriages.
The Culture of Pain
Authors: Howard Brody
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Although biomedical research has enormously expanded our knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology of pain, never before has pain—particularly chronic pain—reached its present epidemic proportions.... Authoritative figures prepared for the year 1983 estimated that 90 million Americans suffered from chronic pain, that 60 million Americans were either partially or totally disabled, and that their disabilities resulted in the loss of 750 million workdays. Something seems to be amiss with how modern medicine confronts the problem of pain. David B. Morris, a professor of English who has done research in pain clinics, suggests that what we lack is not science, but rather an appreciation of how pain must be understood within larger networks of personal and cultural meanings: Let me thus try to summarize here in the strongest terms several of the crucial claims that will reappear more like musical themes than like propositions in a chain of logic. First:
Rapid Interpretation of Heart Sounds and Murmurs
Authors: Leon Resnekov
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This is yet another publication detailing information about the recognition of heart sounds and murmurs. As is evident from the title, brevity is the keynote. In addition to the written text is a two-sided cassette that includes repetition of selected paragraphs from the text with reproduction of the sounds and murmurs that are explained throughout the book. It is unfortunate that only a very brief description of the physiology of the production of heart sounds in health and of heart sounds and murmurs in disease is given. Any future edition would be benefited by a more detailed explanation of these auscultatory features as well as of associated changes of venous pulse waves, arterial pulses, and movements of the heart chambers. The authors adhere to the classic explanation of S3 and atrial sounds as being caused by movements of blood across valve structures. More recent investigations, however, strongly suggest that these
Acute effects of doxorubicin on skinned cardiac muscle fibres of guinea pigs
Authors: J. Asayama, Y. Yamahara, T. Tatsumi, H. Miyazaki, M. Inoue, I. Omori, D. Inoue, M. Nakagawa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

The aim was to examine the effect of doxorubicin on spontaneous cyclic Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skinned fibres, as measured by isometric tension development in EGTA free, Ca2+ free solution.Experiments were done on fragments of papillary muscles from the right ventricles of guinea pigs. Skinned fibres were prepared by treatment with saponin. The effects of doxorubicin in concentrations of 2 x 10(-9) to 2 x 10(-5) M on cyclic contractions were evaluated in 20 muscles. The effects of doxorubicin in concentrations of 2 x 10(-7) and 2 x 10(-5) M on pCa-tension relation were examined in 14 muscles treated with Brij-58.Doxorubicin (2 x 10(-9) to 2 x 10(-5) M) increased the frequency of cyclic contractions and induced an incomplete muscle relaxation in a dose dependent manner. Doxorubicin 2 x 10(-7) M had no effect on pCa-tension relation. Doxorubicin 2 x 10(-5) M shifted the pCa-tension curve slightly to the left.An incomplete muscle relaxation is considered to be due to an increase in Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and a slight increase in the sensitivity of the contractile proteins to Ca2+. These observations suggest that one cause of the intracellular Ca2+ overload induced by doxorubicin, a putative mechanism of the doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy, is attributable to the direct effects of doxorubicin on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, impairing its ability to sequester Ca2+.
Toxic Shock Syndrome in the Puerperium
Authors: James W. Whitfield
Journal: JAMA (1981)

TOXIC shock syndrome (TSS), a recently recognized, severe, multisystem disorder, has occurred predominantly in menstruating women. We describe what we believe is the first reported case of TSS occurring in a postpartum woman.  Report of a Case  A previously healthy 24-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0, abortus 0) was admitted to a hospital for a term, vaginal delivery. The pregnancy had progressed without complications, and she had an uneventful labor and delivery that lasted seven hours. Post partum, she used a perineal pad and had no intravaginal packing. She felt well until approximately 14 hours after delivery, when she had the onset of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She also noted the acute onset of sore throat, headache, and myalgias. Sixteen hours post partum, her temperature was 39.5 °C, and therapy was begun with ampicillin sodium, 1 g intravenously (IV) every four hours. Approximately 24 hours after becoming febrile, her systolic
Notes of a Case of Congenital Hypertrophy with Stenosis of the Pylorus
Authors: A. Blackadder
Journal: BMJ (1901)

of time.Fortunately it was very promptly controlled by means of the icebag, and care was taken not to allow it to reach anything like such a height again.I have great con- fidence in the icebag for controlling pyrexia, in children, and in this case it acted promptly and never failed in bringing about the desired effect.The intracerebral method of injecting the serum has been used in many cases in adults, on the ground that the remedy is more quickly and more effectually brought into contact with the nervous sy2tem.Full accounts of cases are given by Dr. Semple' and Dr. Gibb.2The operation could have been easily performed through the open fontanLelle of the infant.
Obituary Listing
Authors: Mary V. Mason, Kenneth Ezrow
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Expression of surface antigens distinguishing "naive" and previously activated lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Authors: S Dominique, F Bouchonnet, J M Smiejan, A J Hance
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Studies in animals suggest that the initial activation of unprimed ("naive") T lymphocytes by inhaled antigens may occur outside the lung with later recruitment to the lung. If this is true all lymphocytes present in the lung should show evidence of prior activation. To test this hypothesis for lymphocytes present on the alveolar surface, the expression of surface antigens, which distinguish unprimed from previously activated cells (CD45RA, CD29, Leu-8), were measured on T lymphocytes recovered from blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis. Few T lymphocytes from the lavage fluid of normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis expressed the Leu 8+ or CD45RAbright phenotype expected for "naive" cells; more cells had the CD29dull phenotype expected for "naive" cells, though five of eight subjects had under 2% of such cells. These findings support the conclusion that the only T lymphocytes present on the surface of the respiratory tract are those recognising antigens that have been previously encountered by the individual. Further studies are required to determine whether "naive" T lymphocytes are present in other lung compartments.
Recent Oral Contraceptive Use by Formulation and Breast Cancer Risk among Women 20 to 49 Years of Age
Authors: Elisabeth F. Beaber, Diana S.M. Buist, William E. Barlow, Kathleen E. Malone, Susan D. Reed, Christopher I. Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Previous studies of oral contraceptives and breast cancer indicate that recent use slightly increases risk, but most studies relied on self-reported use and did not examine contemporary oral contraceptive formulations. This nested case-control study was among female enrollees in a large U.S. integrated health care delivery system. Cases were 1,102 women ages 20 to 49 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 1990 to 2009. Controls were randomly sampled from enrollment records (n = 21,952) and matched to cases on age, year, enrollment length, and medical chart availability. Detailed oral contraceptive use information was ascertained from electronic pharmacy records and analyzed using conditional logistic regression, ORs, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Recent oral contraceptive use (within the prior year) was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9) relative to never or former OC use. The association was stronger for estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+); OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1) than estrogen receptor-negative (ER(-)) disease (OR, 1.2, 95% CI, 0.8-1.8), although not statistically significantly different (P = 0.15). Recent use of oral contraceptives involving high-dose estrogen (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.2), ethynodiol diacetate (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.7), or triphasic dosing with an average of 0.75 mg of norethindrone (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.9-5.1; Pheterogeneity compared with using other oral contraceptives = 0.004) was associated with particularly elevated risks, whereas other types, including low-dose estrogen oral contraceptives, were not (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.7). Our results suggest that recent use of contemporary oral contraceptives is associated with an increased breast cancer risk, which may vary by formulation. If confirmed, consideration of the breast cancer risk associated with different oral contraceptive types could impact discussions weighing recognized health benefits and potential risks.
Paget–Schroetter Syndrome
Authors: Marcus Seeger, Burkhard Bewig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 47-year-old woman presented with swelling, pain, and reddish discoloration of the right arm and hand after strenuous effort. Ultrasonography with a microconvex probe revealed a subtotal occlusion in the subclavian vein close to the clavicle, caused by a small thrombus fixed on a venous valve.