tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Transurethral Ethanol Ablation of the Prostate (TEAP) for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): A European Multi-Center Evaluation
Authors: P. Grise, M. Plante, J. Palmer, J. Martinez-Sagarra, C. Hernandez, M. Schettini, M. Gonzalez-Martin, J. Castiñeiras, P. Ballanger, P. Teillac, F. Rolo, V. Baena, J. Erdmann, V. Mirone
Journal: European Urology (2004)
Évaluation de l'impact de la qualité de la préparation sur le taux de coloscopies incomplètes et sur le taux de détection des polypes: étude multicentrique prospective
Authors: R Coriat, A Lecler, A Soupison, JL Monnin, O Berretta, H Roche, P Podevin, B Mesnard, C Cassaz, C Nizou, D Sautereau, M Bouygues, C Brezault, M Gaudric, S Leblanc, F Prat, S Chaussade
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introduction: La qualité de la préparation colique avant la coloscopie est à prendre en considération puisque une préparation insuffisante est une cause fréquente des echecs de coloscopie totale et a un impact sur le taux de détection des polypes. Le but de notre travail était d'évaluer l'impact de la qualité de la préparation colique sur le taux de détection de polypes et le taux de coloscopiesincomplètes lors d'une étude multicentrique prospective réalisée dans 11 centres d'endoscopie privés, semi-privés, militaires et publiques.
1008-184 The effects of pravastatin and atorvastatin on markers of oxidant stress in vivo
Authors: Bonnie Ky, Megan L Wolfe, Anne Burke, Philippe O Szapary, Muredach P Reilly, Jennifer B Dykhouse, Leanne T Bloedon, Garret A FitzGerald, Daniel J Rader
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
THE TREATMENT OF HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS
Authors: THOMAS B. COOLEY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Within the past few years, chiefly because of better knowledge of the physiology of the blood, much new light has been thrown on a group of diseases which have always aroused great interest, but whose pathology has been obscure, and whose treatment has been exceedingly unsatisfactory. Of these diseases, the most important clinical feature of which is a tendency to uncontrollable hemorrhage, the most important to pediatrics are the so-called melena neonatorum, the purpuras and hemophilia; the last being, of course, equally evident in later life. Etiologically, we are still in the dark regarding all of them. Hemophilia shows two very important differences from the others. It is a permanent, not a temporary condition, and it is not characterized by spontaneous bleeding or oozing from the vessels, but merely by failure of the ordinary method by which a break in the vessel wall is sealed after it occurs. In purpura,
Evolution, lies, and foresight biases
Authors: Thomas Suddendorf
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract Humans are not the only animals to deceive, though we might be the only ones that lie. The arms race von Hippel &amp; Trivers (VH&amp;T) propose may have only started during hominin evolution. VH&amp;T offer a powerful theory, and I suggest it can be expanded to explain why there are systematic biases in human foresight.
The Pathogenesis of Septic Shock-Reply
Authors: Margaret M. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The letter by Drs Chernow and Holaday emphasizes the potential importance of endorphins in the pathogenesis of septic shock. In any review article of the type that we have written, different authors may emphasize some areas more strongly than others. As Drs Chernow and Holaday point out in their references, the bulk of information on the role of endorphins in septic shock has been derived from animal studies. Because we were writing for an audience of practicing physicians, we dealt mainly with human studies in our article. It may well be that in the future, endogenous opioid peptides will be found to be key, either directly or indirectly, in the development of septic shock; however, at the present time we do not feel that the available evidence warrants emphasizing the role of endorphins.
Surgery for Emphysema — Not for Everyone
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The diagnosis of emphysema is bad news. There are very few effective treatments for this common condition1 and those that are available do not address the chronic hyperinflation of the lung caused by the destruction of alveoli. Patients with advanced emphysema end up struggling for breath when they perform simple tasks such as climbing stairs or carrying groceries. Many are desperate for a treatment that will allow them to engage in, perhaps even enjoy, the activities of daily life without feeling that they are suffocating.Given this grim outlook, it was not surprising that the publication of the results of . . .
Investigation that may have contributed to GP's suicide was carried out correctly, report says
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A criminal investigation into a Dutch GP’s life ending treatment of a patient, which some critics thought had contributed to the GP’s subsequent suicide, was “correct” and “meticulous,” a new report says.1

Nico Tromp, from Tuitjenhorn, in the province of North Holland, was being investigated on suspicion of murder after giving a lethal dose of morphine to a patient who was terminally ill with cancer. The “tragic outcome” of the 2013 investigation into the doctor’s actions caused “considerable unrest.”2 After “very substantial criticism” of public officials, …
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LARYNGEAL TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: FRANK L. DENNIS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In discussing the subject of tuberculous laryngitis I take it that it is not expected that time shall be expended in dwelling on the more obvious and well-known forms of the affection, but that some of the things learned from experience in the earlier, less marked lesions would be more profitable. Those practicing in a place like Colorado Springs where there are many consumptive patients, encounter more cases of larynx involvement than do those who work in communities in which consumptives are relatively few; and we thus have perhaps more opportunity to see and study these cases. I think, however, that patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are not as a rule subjected to systematic laryngeal examination early enough or often enough even in health resorts and sanatoriums. If this is done, it results in the discovery of many cases of incipient disease of the larynx, and appropriate treatment may be instituted
Expulsion of Gas From Vagina
Authors: Akinori Adachi
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (236:1289, 1976), Dr Taylor explained that the causes of the gas expulsion from the vagina are emphysematous vaginalis vaginitis or accumulation of air in the vagina following intercourse. In reviewing the literature, Wychulis and Pratt 1 reported two patients in the analysis of 37 cases of sigmoidovaginal fistulas whose presenting symptom was solely flatus vaginalis. In their study, the fistula occurred in these women when they were as young as 23 years of age. Therefore, the 26-year-old patient in question should be examined for the possibility of a fistula.  The barium enema study may not be able to demonstrate a small fistulous tract. In such instance, vaginography is a successful diagnostic tool and the procedure is easy to perform. 2-5 Although this patient has had occasional episodes of gas expulsion from the vagina, I expect that the knee-chest position will make
Effect of<i>L</i>-Tri-Iodothyronine Alone and Combined with<i>L</i>-Thyroxine in Nonmyxedematous Hypometabolism
Authors: A. Stone Freedberg, George S. Kurland, Milton W. Hamolsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE dramatic relief of the clinical manifestations of myxedema by the administration of desiccated thyroid is a striking example of the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy. Many patients are seen, however, with persistently low basal metabolic rates¶ and with symptoms usually associated with thyroid deficiency (muscle or joint aching or stiffness, chronic fatigue, lethargy, facial or periorbital puffiness), in whom the administration of large doses of thyroid or l-thyroxine does not elevate the basal metabolic rate or relieve the symptoms. We have considered the possibility that such patients are unable to utilize — that is, to absorb, convert to . . .
Perinatal or Adult <i>Nf1</i> Inactivation Using Tamoxifen-Inducible <i>PlpCre</i> Each Cause Neurofibroma Formation
Authors: Debra A. Mayes, Tilat A. Rizvi, Jose A. Cancelas, Nathan T. Kolasinski, Georgianne M. Ciraolo, Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov, Nancy Ratner
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Plexiform neurofibromas are peripheral nerve sheath tumors initiated by biallelic mutation of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene in the Schwann cell lineage. To understand whether neurofibroma formation is possible after birth, we induced Nf1 loss of function with an inducible proteolipid protein Cre allele. Perinatal loss of Nf1 resulted in the development of small plexiform neurofibromas late in life, whereas loss in adulthood caused large plexiform neurofibromas and morbidity beginning 4 months after onset of Nf1 loss. A conditional EGFP reporter allele identified cells showing recombination, including peripheral ganglia satellite cells, peripheral nerve S100β+ myelinating Schwann cells, and peripheral nerve p75+ cells. Neurofibromas contained cells with Remak bundle disruption but no recombination within GFAP+ nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Extramedullary lympho-hematopoietic expansion was also observed in PlpCre;Nf1fl/fl mice. These tumors contained EGFP+/Sca-1+ stromal cells among EGFP-negative lympho-hematopoietic cells indicating a noncell autonomous effect and unveiling a role of Nf1-deleted microenvironment on lympho-hematopoietic proliferation in vivo. Together these findings define a tumor suppressor role for Nf1 in the adult and narrow the range of potential neurofibroma-initiating cell populations. Cancer Res; 71(13); 4675–85. ©2011 AACR.
SOME NOTES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF SEXUAL EXCITEMENT UPON INTRA-NASAL DISEASE.
Authors: CHARLES PREVOST GRAYSON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

When some certain offense against personal hygiene is generally recognized as one of several possible contributing causes of a disease, it would seem but reasonable that inquiry concerning it should become a matter of routine, and that in the event of its complicity, it should receive in the plan of treatment the degree of prominence it merits. It is a matter of common knowledge that sexual excitement, frequently repeated and prolonged, can occasion a great deal of vascular disturbance within the nose, With the production of such excitement through the olfactory sense, I am not now concerned. It is with the reverse of this phenomenon that this paper is to deal. A fugitive coryza quickly following upon the heels of a venereal debauch, is an instance of this, though it is a more than usually pronounced illustration of the effect of erotic excitement upon the nasal vasomotor mechanism. Lesser degrees
AN UNUSUAL REACTION TO COMBINED LIBRIUM-BARBITURATE THERAPY
Authors: FRANCIS J. KANE, ROBERT L. MCCURDY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

An unusual syndrome of drowsiness, unsteadiness and fine horizontal nystagmus is reported following the use of chlordiazepoxide and phenobarbital, which remitted upon cessation of barbiturate therapy. This suggests that therapies using more than one drug acting on the C.N.S. should be approached with caution.
A requirement for antigen-specific helper T cells in the generation of cytotoxic T cells from thymocyte precursors.
Authors: L M Pilarski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Thymocytes cultured with irradiated, allogeneic stimulator cells yield no cytotoxic effector cells after a period in culture. If, however, a population of irradiated spleen cells syngeneic to the responder cells are added to these cultures, cytotoxicity is generated. The helper activity present in the irradiated syngeneic spleen cells was found to be mediated by a cell bearing theta antigens. Furthermore, it was found to be antigen specific; helper cells which were tolerant of the stimulator cell antigens were unable to help the thymocyte responder cells, although these tolerant cells did contain helpers specific for a third party antigen. These experiments are consistent with a requirement for associative recognition of linked determinants in the induction of killer precursors which is thus strictly analogous to the induction of B-cell precursors via collaboration with helper T cells. In more extensive studies, it was found that histoincompatible helper cells (H-2b, H-2p, H-2q) were able to help a cytotoxic T cell (H-2k) response to a third party stimulator cell antigen (H-2d); that is, the helper T cells which interact with cytotoxic T-cell precursors are not strain specific. It seems likely that the histocompatible helper cells induce killer precursors in an antigen-specific cooperation event similar or identical to normal syngeneic cooperation.
P214 Utilisation Of Cardio-pulmonary Exercise Testing (cpet) At An English Acute Hospital
Authors: E. Parkes, V. Moore, D. Comer, F. Rauf, N. Santana-Vaz, R. Mukherjee
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> CPET has been extensively used in the pre-operative (general anaesthesia) risk stratification. More recently, the utility of CPET has become more defined in the evaluation of unexplained dyspnoea and in prognosticating pulmonary hypertension in a rational manner which is also less invasive for patients. We set out to evaluate the utilisation pattern of CPET within a 709-bedded central England acute hospital Trust spread across 3 sites in the second year of the establishment of the service. <h3>Methods</h3> The source of referral (and reason) for CPET were retrospectively recorded and analysed between 01 July 2013 and 31 May 2014 (ten months). <h3>Results</h3> The total number of CPET referrals received was 178 out of which 150 (84%) were from surgical disciplines and 28 (16%) from medical disciplines. Vascular surgery submitted made the majority of referrals (108, 61%) followed by colorectal surgery [see Figure]. Respiratory Medicine was the source of 11% of all referrals and Cardiology the source of 4%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The dominant utilisation of CPET by vascular surgery is expected, given the NHS evidence adoption centre and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2009 recommendations on risk-stratification for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm surgery mortality. However, CPET offers a unique assessment tool for the investigation of patients with unexplained dyspnoea and has a potential to pre-empt invasive, unnecessary and expensive assessment without definitive diagnosis [Thing JER, Mukherjee B, Murphy K <i>et al</i>. Thorax 2011; 66 (4): A144]. It appears that a lot of work needs to be done among the UK general respiratory and cardiology/heart failure communities to promote the awareness, understanding and utilisation of CPET.
Ions in the Fire
Authors: OCTAVIO BESSA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 March 1973Ions in the FireOCTAVIO BESSA JR., M.D.OCTAVIO BESSA JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-462_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The letter of Dr. Freeman (Ann Intern Med 77:661-662, 1972) that replies to comments about milligram/milliequivalent appears again to have fallen into the same error: "if one asks the physician how much sodium chloride (not sodium, as originally written) is in a litre of normal saline, he answers 154 mEq not 9000 mg!"However, 9 g of sodium chloride (in solution with 1 litre of water!) contain 154 mEq of each ion, therefore 308 mEq of sodium chloride, all common knowledge to everyone. Perhaps it would be better to leave the "ion" where it belongs: in solution... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Stamford Hospital Stamford, Connecticut PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1973Volume 78, Issue 3Page: 462-463KeywordsSaline solutionsSodiumSodium chloride Issue Published: 1 March 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Reticuloendothelial System
Authors: Stanley Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This monograph is based on, but not limited to, a course titled "The Reticuloendothelial System: Function, Reaction, Neoplasia" held under the auspices of the International Academy of Pathology in San Francisco in 1974. It represents a collection of 15 chapters, approximately five of which deal directly with the reticuloendothelial system per se. The bulk of the book is concerned either with lymphoproliferative disease or various aspects of immunology. This is both good and bad. It is good because a volume limited to the precise subject matter, as defined by its title, would discuss various aspects of phagocytosis, kinetics of clearance, macrophage activation, reticuloendothelial blockage, and other matters that have been presented in detail elsewhere. It is bad because the resulting treatise lacks cohesiveness and focus. Certain chapters are worth careful study. These include a discussion of the immunobiology of the alveolar macrophage with respect to their origin, properties, and response
Aggravation of atherosclerosis by hypertension in a subhuman primate model with coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: W Hollander, I Madoff, J Paddock, B Kirkpatrick
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The interrelationships between hypertension and atherosclerosis were investigated in a subhuman primate model (cynomolgus monkey) with hypertension produced by surgically coarcting the miathoracic aorta. The hypertensive coarcted monkey fed a low cholesterol diet for 6 months did not develop complicating atherosclerosis but did develop focal intimal lesions as well as marked thickening of the musculoelastic media of both the large and small arteries. Fibrocellular thickening of the intima and media occurred in the vessels proximal to the coarctation but not distal to the coarctation suggesting that a high level of blood pressure with resulting increase in arterial wall tension is responsible for these changes. The hypertensive coarcted monkey fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (2% cholesterol and 10% butter) for 6 months developed severe coronary atherosclerotic disease with fibrous plaque formation. The disease produced over 65% luminal narrowing of the major coronary arteries and their extramural and intramural branches. In contrast the noncoarcted normotensive animal fed the same diet developed mild atherosclerosis of only the major coronary arteries which caused an average luminal narrowing of 12%. Aggravation of atherosclerosis by hypertension also appeared to occur in the other arteries above the coarctation particularly the cerebral arteries. When the hypertensive coarcted monkey with preestablished coronary atherosclerosis was treated with a low cholesterol diet and a combination of antihypertensive drugs (hydrochlorothiazide, hydralazine, and reserpine), the progression of the disease was arrested. There also was evidence that treatment caused some regression of the coronary lesions which appeared to "heal" by fibrosis. The treatment of both hyperlipidemia and hypertension appeared to be more effective than the treatment of hyperlipidemia, alone.
Graded Pulmonary Vascular Changes and Hemodynamic Findings in Cases of Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defect and Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: DONALD HEATH, H. FREDERIC HELMHOLZ, HOWARD B. BURCHELL, JAMES W. DUSHANE, JESSE E. EDWARDS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

With use of a previously described system of grading, a study was made of the relation between each of the grades of hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease and the hemodynamic findings in the lesser circulation in 15 cases of atrial septal defect, 19 cases of ventricular septal defect, and 6 cases of patent ductus arteriosus.
THE TREATMENT OF SEPTIC PERITONITIS BY IRRIGATION.
Authors: T. J. MAXWELL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Septic peritonitis has been, and is now, to the surgeon, the practitioner of general medicine, as well as the obstetrician, a "word of fear." Forty years ago we groped in darkness as to its cause, and now we are about as helpless in its presence as to a curative remedy, as when the fathers practiced blood-letting with a free hand and gave cathartics in heroic doses, or, on the other hand, administered opium to narcotism, keeping the patient in this condition until the disease exhausted the patient or the patient wore out the disease. We are no longer in the dark as to the cause of septic peritonitis, and have made vast strides in the way of prevention, if not yet successful in the cure of the disease when fully formed. We have adopted the consensus of opinion of the best-informed pathologists, that practically all cases of peritonitis are caused
Maternal Mortality and Morbidity
Authors: L. McIlroy
Journal: BMJ (1926)

clinical interests, needs briniginig up.I aiii a firm adherent of the policy of the salient, but tle extent to wlhich we briug ui) the line is the miieasure of ouir consolidationi in the confidence of the -professionl and the esteemii of the wlhole 4omflmun1 itv.
Relationship of lung function to radiographic reading (ILO) in patients with asbestos related lung disease.
Authors: J E Cotes, B King
Journal: Thorax (1988)

The 1980 International Labour Office (ILO) classification of posteroanterior chest radiographs was used to obtain the scores for profusion of small opacities and pleural abnormalities of 172 men with confirmed or suspected disease of the lungs due to asbestos. After allowance had been made for age, stature, and smoking habit the quantitative score for area of diffuse pleural thickening seen in profile on both lateral chest walls contributed to reductions in inspiratory capacity, expiratory reserve volume, and forced expiratory flow rates. Occlusion of one or both costophrenic angles in the presence of diffuse thickening was associated with further reduction in inspiratory capacity. Profusion of small opacities was associated with a reduction in transfer factor. Diffuse pleural thickening and occlusion of costophrenic angles were associated with relatively low values for the forced expiratory flow rates (MEF50FVC) and FEV1/FVC, whereas small opacities were associated with relatively high values. Thus overall increased, normal, or reduced values of MEF50FVC and FEV1/FVC might occur, depending on the distribution of the radiographic abnormalities. The findings contribute to the validation of the ILO pleural scores; those for diffuse pleural thickening and occlusion of costophrenic angles should be used jointly with the scores for profusion of parenchymal small opacities in interpreting the lung function of persons exposed to asbestos.