tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Boerhaave's Syndrome: Description of a Case with Endoscopic Confirmation
Authors: F. Franceschi, C. Lesi, C. Monti, E. Lemma
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

A rare case of spontaneous oesophageal rupture is reported. The clinical, radiological and endoscopic aspects of that specific syndrome are described, and possible pathogenetic factors are also considered. Subsequently, appropriate radiological methods are reviewed and compared with the fiberendoscopic technique, the importance of which is outlined for diagnosis confirmation, right positioning of the rupture and correct surgical approach. Whereever possible, immediate surgery is the proper therapy, as confirmed by literature.
Human Interferon as a Therapeutic Agent — Current Status
Authors: Thomas C. Merigan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The therapeutic potential of interferon was reviewed in these columns 4 1/2 years ago.1 The early results were reported, and the limited availability of material was emphasized. Recently, new strategies using recombinant DNA in the production of interferon in bacteria, as well as more efficient large-scale production of human-cell cultures, have made virtually unlimited quantities of all types of interferon available for use in experimental trials and for potential general clinical use. However, the process of defining the most appropriate clinical uses for the interferons may be evolving too slowly for some — especially investors in biotechnology and persons whose . . .
NORMAL RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY PATHWAYS OF ADAPTATION IN EXERCISE 1
Authors: Robert A. Bruce, Frank W. Lovejoy, Raymond Pearson, Paul N. G. Yu, George B. Brothers, Tulio Velasquez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

Rahn and Otis (1) have described the normal changes in the alveolar gases during work and demonstrated the quantitative relationships be- tween alveolar oxygen, carbon dioxide, respiratory quotient and ventilation by means of continuous recording of gas analyses.They were able to delineate the pathways of change which are con- trolled by the excretion of carbon dioxide, and ob- serve the effects of hyperpnea, hypoxia, hypoventilation and CO2 breathing as well.Pelnar (2), at first independently and later in conjunc- tion with Rahn, observed the changes in expired air composition in normal subjects as well as in patients with cardiorespiratory impairment in rela- tion to work.By means of a simple diagram re- lating the changes in 02 and CO2 content of ex- pired air with the respiratory quotient during the stress of exercise, he felt that he could delineate respiratory function better than by any other means in a manner that paralleled the intensity of dyspnea in patients.Between the extremes of a) normal performance with a large circular curve and b) the abnormal performance with no change in these values during exercise, Pelnar found a series of results which were characteristic of the varied stages of dyspnea.Thus he was able to evaluate functional performance largely in terms of changes in the respiratory gases during exercise.In con- trast to this are the older methods reported by Kaltreider and McCann (3) who relied chiefly on ventilation volumes and ventilation indices to ap- praise pulmonary capacity during work.
Regulation of cardiovascular connexins by mechanical forces and junctions
Authors: Merlijn J. Meens, Anna Pfenniger, Brenda R. Kwak, Mario Delmar
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

Connexins form a family of transmembrane proteins that consists of 20 members in humans and 21 members in mice. Six connexins assemble into a connexon that can function as a hemichannel or connexon that can dock to a connexon expressed by a neighbouring cell, thereby forming a gap junction channel. Such intercellular channels synchronize responses in multicellular organisms through direct exchange of ions, small metabolites, and other second messenger molecules between the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. Multiple connexins are expressed in the cardiovascular system. These connexins not only experience the different biomechanical forces within this system, but may also act as effector proteins in co-ordinating responses within groups of cells towards these forces. This review discusses recent insights regarding regulation of cardiovascular connexins by mechanical forces and junctions. It specifically addresses effects of (i) shear stress on endothelial connexins, (ii) hypertension on vascular connexins, and (iii) changes in afterload and the composition of myocardial mechanical junctions on cardiac connexins.
Regional Medical Libraries
Authors: William O. Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> On behalf of the physicians of the State of Washington, I strongly endorse Martin Cummings' commentary, "<i>Your</i>National Library of Medicine" (233:1359, 1975). Although he focuses on the resources and services of the National Library in Bethesda—and these are unparalled in concept anywhere in the world!—I believe he inadvertently underemphasizes the enormous potential of the associated 11 regional medical libraries for making current medical knowledge available to physician patrons throughout the country. These regional libraries are not intended to be depositories of books, rather they are expeditors of network service, but with limited budgets. To circumvent this constraint in our state, the Washington State Medical Association and several of our larger county medical societies have been working with the Pacific Northwest Regional Health Sciences Library to develop a complementary program. The professional associations employ librarians who are actually stationed in other institutions' libraries. There, the librarians take
Hypoxia-reoxygenation induces premature senescence in FA bone marrow hematopoietic cells
Authors: Xiaoling Zhang, June Li, Daniel P. Sejas, Qishen Pang
Journal: Blood (2005)

Hematopoietic cells are often exposed to transient hypoxia and reoxygenation as they develop and migrate. Given that bone marrow (BM) failure occurred in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), we reason that hypoxia-then-reoxygenation represents a physiologically relevant stress for FA hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells. Here we show that expansion of Fancc-/- BM cells enriched for progenitor and stem cells was significantly decreased after 2 continuous cycles of hyperoxic-hypoxic-hyperoxic treatments compared with wild-type (WT) BM cells. This inhibition was attributable to a marked decrease of lineage-depleted (Lin-) ScaI- c-kit+ cells and more primitive Lin- ScaI+ c-kit+ cells in Fancc-/- BM cells following reoxygenation. Evaluation of the cell-cycle profile of long-term BM culture (LTBMC) revealed that a vast majority (70.6%) of reoxygenated Fancc-/- LTBMC cells was residing in the G0 and G1 phases compared with 55.8% in WT LTBMC cells. Fancc-/- LTBMC cells stained intensely for SA-beta-galactosidase activity, a biomarker for senescence; this was associated with increased expression of senescence-associated proteins p53 and p21(WAF1/CIP1). Taken together, these results suggest that reoxygenation induces premature senescence in Fancc-/- BM hematopoietic cells by signaling through p53, up-regulating p21, and causing senescent cell-cycle arrest. Thus, reoxygenation-induced premature senescence may be a novel mechanism underlying hematopoietic cell depletion and BM failure in FA.
Treatment of man with mental illness at UK detention centre breached human rights
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A man with a serious mental illness who was detained awaiting deportation from the United Kingdom at Harmondsworth immigration detention centre near London’s Heathrow airport was subjected to inhumane or degrading treatment in breach of the European Convention on Human Rights, the High Court in London has ruled.

The case of the 31 year old Nigerian, named only as BA, is the second within three months in which the High Court has held that the circumstances of immigration detention of a severely mentally ill detainee reached the threshold of inhumane or degrading treatment. 

Bhatt Murphy, the law firm representing BA and the 34 year old Indian national in the earlier case, said that the cases raised “real …
A New Multi-clade DNA Prime/Recombinant MVA Boost Vaccine Induces Broad and High Levels of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T-cell and Humoral Responses in Mice
Authors: Andreas Bråve, Andreas Boberg, Lindvi Gudmundsdotter, Erik Rollman, Kristian Hallermalm, Karl Ljungberg, Pontus Blomberg, Richard Stout, Staffan Paulie, Eric Sandström, Gunnel Biberfeld, Patricia Earl, Bernard Moss, Josephine H. Cox, Britta Wahren
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

The results presented here are from the preclinical evaluation in BALB/c mice of a DNA prime/modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) boost multi-gene multi-subtype human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vaccine intended for use in humans. The plasmid DNA vaccine was delivered intradermally using a Biojector, and the MVA was delivered intramuscularly by needle. This combination of recombinant DNA and MVA proved to induce extraordinarily strong cellular responses, with more than 80% of the CD8(+) T cells specific for HIV-1 antigens. Furthermore, we show that the DNA priming increases the number of T-cell epitopes recognized after the MVA boost. In the prime/boost-immunized animals, a significant proportion of CD8(+) T cells were stained positive for both interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), a feature that has been associated with control of HIV-1 infection in long-term non-progressors. The HIV-1-specific antibody levels were moderate after the plasmid DNA immunizations but increased dramatically after the MVA boost. Although the initial injection of MVA induced significant levels of vaccinia-neutralizing antibodies, the HIV-specific responses were still significantly boosted by the second MVA immunization. The results from this study demonstrate the potency of this combination of DNA plasmids and MVA construct to induce broad and high levels of immune responses against several HIV-1 proteins of different subtypes.
The Use of Dibenamine and Norepinephrine in the Operative Treatment of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: George F. Cahill, James C. Monteith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN RECENT years the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma has been facilitated by the advent of several new agents. The use of intravenous pyelography, retrograde pyelography and perirenal air insufflation1 has already been well established. The histamine test of Roth and Kvale2 has proved of value in cases of paroxysmal hypertension due to pheochromocytoma. However, it must be remembered that cases of positive responses have been noted in which exploration revealed no pheochrome tumor.3 The intravenous injection of tetraethyl ammonium bromide has been reported by LaDue and his co-workers4 as producing a paroxysmal rise in blood pressure in pheochromocytoma. This test has . . .
Treatment of Acute Stroke With Dextran 40
Authors: John Gilroy
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In a random manner, 100 patients with acute cerebral infarction due to thromboembolism were assigned to two groups. The patients in one group received continuous intravenous therapy with dextran 40 for three days; the others received an equivalent volume of fluid without the dextran 40. In the treated group, levels of dextran 40 remained greater than 1% for three to five days after the infusion was stopped. The group treated with dextran 40 showed lower mortality and better quality of survival in terms of the neurological status. The improvement in the treated group was significantly better than in the untreated group (<i>P</i>&lt;0.05). Platelet appearance in those with acute stroke showed abnormalities compared to normals, and platelet aggregation in venous blood was increased. Dextran 40 in vitro and in vivo tended to return platelet features to normal.
Platelets actively sequester angiogenesis regulators
Authors: Giannoula Lakka Klement, Tai-Tung Yip, Flavia Cassiola, Lena Kikuchi, David Cervi, Vladimir Podust, Joseph E. Italiano, Erin Wheatley, Abdo Abou-Slaybi, Elise Bender, Nava Almog, Mark W. Kieran, Judah Folkman
Journal: Blood (2008)
Cd47 Ligation Selectively Downregulates Human Interleukin 12 Production
Authors: Myriam Armant, Marie-Noëlle Avice, Patrice Hermann, Manuel Rubio, Mamoru Kiniwa, Guy Delespesse, Marika Sarfati
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Interleukin (IL)-12 plays a key role not only in protective innate and adaptive T helper cell type 1 (Th1) responses but also in chronic inflammatory diseases. We report here that engagement of CD47 by either monoclonal antibody, its natural ligand thrombospondin (TSP), or 4N1K (a peptide of the COOH-terminal domain of TSP selectively binding CD47) inhibits IL-12 release by monocytes. The suppression occurred after T cell–dependent or –independent stimulation of monocytes and was selective for IL-12 inasmuch as the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1, IL-6, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor was not inhibited. CD47 ligation did not alter transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and IL-10 production, and the suppressive effect on IL-12 was not due to autocrine secretion of TGF-β or IL-10. The IL-12 inhibition was not mediated by Fcγ receptor ligation, did not require extracellular Ca2+ influx, but was reversed by two phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors (wortmannin and Ly294002). Thus, engagement of CD47 on monocytes by TSP, which transiently accumulates at the inflammatory site, is a novel and unexplored pathway to selectively downregulate IL-12 response. The pathway may be relevant in limiting the duration and intensity of the inflammatory response, and in developing novel therapeutic strategies for Th1-mediated diseases.
Anaplastic myeloma in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: R C Butler, S M Thomas, J M Thompson, A C Keat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed an unusual form of anaplastic myeloma. Possible relationships between the two disease, and the role played by immunosuppressive therapy, are discussed.
Abnormal Perfusion Scan Due to an Esophageal Hiatus Hernia
Authors: JACK SLIVKA, ANDREW TAYLOR, HOWARD NELSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

An area of decreased perfusion on a lung scan was shown to correspond to an esophageal hiatus hernia by scanning after a 99mTc-pertechnetate swallow. Hiatus hernia should be considered as one of the possible causes of pulmonary perfusion defects.
Extramammary Paget's disease in two siblings
Authors: T. Demitsu, K. Gonda, M. Tanita, K. Takahira, T. Inoue, O. Okada, K. Yoneda, M. Manabe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

S ir, The familial occurrence of Paget’s disease is extremely rare. To our knowledge, only one report 1 has been published previously in the English literature and five 2–6 in the Japanese literature. We describe two siblings with extramammary Paget’s disease. Case 1. In February 1998, we evaluated a 74‐year‐old man, an older brother of case 2, for an erythematous lesion on the pubic region of 3 years’ duration. The lesion had gradually enlarged and elevated. On physical examination, an erythematous plaque, barely elevated, measuring 45 × 46 mm, was noted on the right side of the mons pubis. A biopsy specimen showed large atypical cells with abundant cytoplasm proliferating in the epidermis and adnexal epithelium with some Pagetoid cells invading the dermis. The lesion was removed surgically with 3 cm margins. The patient had no recurrence or metastasis 1 year after the surgical resection. Case 2. A 66‐year‐old woman, a younger sister of case 1, had noted a brown spot on the pubic region for the previous 5 years. She visited our out‐patient clinic independently from case 1 in March, 1998. There was no Paget’s disease other than case 1 in family members including three siblings, although their mother and younger brother died of gastric cancer at the ages of 83 years and 71 years, respectively. On physical examination, a solitary brownish pigmented macule which measured 46 × 26 mm was present on the right side of the mons pubis. The diagnosis of a rare case of pigmented Paget’s disease was made by the biopsy, and the lesion was excised with 2 cm margins. Histological examination disclosed numerous clear cells with cytologic atypia clustered in the nests in the epidermis. These Paget’s cells contained melanin granules. She had no recurrence or metastasis at follow up 1 year after the surgical resection.
Expert Panels Weigh Bisphenol-A Risks
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Management of Trauma
Authors: David W. Furnas
Journal: JAMA (1974)

"Trauma is exceeded only by cardiovascular disease and cancer as a cause of death among persons between the ages of 1 and 37 years. Thus, in terms of man-years lost, trauma can be considered our leading killer." To meet the challenge of this eminently preventable cause of death and disability, editors Ballinger, Rutherford, and Zuidema have selected a highly successful mix of specialists and medical centers. The 39 authors emphasize the principles and techniques of early management of trauma, paying particular attention to the physiologic disturbances that accompany serious injury. The core chapters on initial evaluation and treatment, pathophysiology of trauma, and treatment of shock are from the editors' pens, as are the chapters on thoracic trauma, abdominal trauma, and peripheral vascular injuries; each sets a high standard of authorship. Head and spinal cord injuries are concisely elucidated by Walker's group. Edgerton has organized a fine exposition of maxillofacial and
Unusual Presentation of Leiomyosarcoma of Duodenum
Authors: M. O. Perry, R. N. McClelland
Journal: JAMA (1966)

LEIOMYOSARCOMAS of the duodenum are rare lesions, only 63 cases having been previously reported. The preoperative diagnosis of this neoplasm is particularly difficult and is often made by exclusion.<sup>1,2</sup>A 71-year-old woman who presented with signs and symptoms of acute peritonitis was recently treated. At laparotomy, the patient had a massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage, thought to arise from a ruptured aortic aneurysm. The source of bleeding, however, proved to be an extraluminal duodenal leiomyosarcoma. This apparently is the first recorded case presenting in this manner. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 71-year-old Negro woman was admitted to Parkland Memorial Hospital with the chief complaint of abdominal pain of seven hours' duration. The patient had been in good health prior to admission when she had the sudden onset of epigastric pain which subsequently involved the entire abdomen. She had one episode of vomiting, but denied having diarrhea, fever, or chills. History was
Whole-genome sequencing of multiple myeloma from diagnosis to plasma cell leukemia reveals genomic initiating events, evolution, and clonal tides
Authors: Jan B. Egan, Chang-Xin Shi, Waibhav Tembe, Alexis Christoforides, Ahmet Kurdoglu, Shripad Sinari, Sumit Middha, Yan Asmann, Jessica Schmidt, Esteban Braggio, Jonathan J. Keats, Rafael Fonseca, P. Leif Bergsagel, David W. Craig, John D. Carpten, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2012)
Studies in the Psychology of Delinquency
Authors: Grace W. Pailthorpe
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Six month postoperative hemodynamics of the Hancock heterograft and the Björk-Shiley prosthesis: Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative prospective randomized trial
Authors: Shukri F. Khuri, Edward D. folland, Gulshan K. Sethi, Julianne Souchek, Charles Oprian, Maylene Wong, Cecil Burchfiel, William G. Henderson, Kark E. Hammermeister
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Dutch doctors call for action on drug safety
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Doctors, pharmacists, and patients' groups in the Netherlands are demanding government action on drug safety after a national study has concluded that drug related problems were responsible for twice as many hospital admissions as road traffic crashes. 

The hospital admissions related to medication (HARM) study found that 41 000 hospital admissions a year in the Netherlands were caused either by the incorrect use of or adverse reactions to drugs (www.nvza.nl). 

These admissions accounted for 5.6% of acute admissions and were twice as likely to involve patients older than 65 years. 

Almost half—19 000 …
Long term follow-up of factitious anaemia
Authors: M. F Fey, A. Radvila
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Sarcoidosis presenting as gingivitisSarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause that may affect any tissue in the body.In the head and neck the most common signs, together with widespread systemic disease, are cervical lymphadenopathy and swelling ofthe parotid glands.' Gingival symptoms at any stage are rare,2 and patients who have them usually present with other clinical features ofthe disease23 or with gross gingival hyperplasia.45We describe a patient whose sole presenting complaint was persistent soreness and ulceration ofthe gums and who was subsequently found to have systemic sarcoidosis. Case reportA 34 year old man was referred by his dentist with a two month history of soreness and ulceration of the gums; he had no other symptoms.There had been no improvement after scaling and courses ofmetronidazole and penicillin.He was taking no drugs although he had taken phenytoin and phenobarbitone for childhood epilepsy until he was 18.He had no history ofallergy.No abnormality was found on general physical examination; in particular there was no lymphadenopathy or visceromegaly.On examination of his mouth the attached gums looked granulomatous with superficial ulceration and bled readily when probed.