tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of respiration and posture on paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Authors: M B Waxman, J F Bonet, J P Finley, R W Wald
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The capacity of deep inspiration and the dependent body position to terminate episodes of tachycardia was studied in 11 patients with recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). In eight patients, a deep inspiration and a dependent position repeatedly terminated episodes of PSVT. Reasons for failure were found in the other three patients. A deep inspiration or assumption of a dependent position dramatically raised arterial blood pressure and terminated episodes of PSVT by reflexly increasing vagal drive. The magnitude of the rise in blood pressure was directly proportional to the depth of the inspired volume and to the extent of body dependency. The upright position attenuated the respiratory-induced increase in blood pressure and blocked PSVT termination. Likewise, vagal blockade with atropine did not affect the effects of respiration or dependent position on blood pressure but prevented termination of PSVT.
Ethanol induces oxidative stress in primary rat hepatocytes through the early involvement of lipid raft clustering
Authors: Philippe Nourissat, Marion Travert, Martine Chevanne, Xavier Tekpli, Amélie Rebillard, Gwenaelle Le Moigne-Müller, Mary Rissel, Josiane Cillard, Marie-Thérèse Dimanche-Boitrel, Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann, Odile Sergent
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The role of the hepatocyte plasma membrane structure in the development of oxidative stress during alcoholic liver diseases is not yet fully understood. Previously, we have established the pivotal role of membrane fluidity in ethanol-induced oxidative stress, but no study has so far tested the involvement of lipid rafts. In this study, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin or cholesterol oxidase, which were found to disrupt lipid rafts in hepatocytes, inhibited both reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation, and this suggested a role for these microstructures in oxidative stress. By immunostaining of lipid raft components, a raft clustering was detected in ethanol-treated hepatocytes. In addition, we found that rafts were modified by formation of malondialdehyde adducts and disulfide bridges. Interestingly, pretreatment of cells by 4-methyl-pyrazole (to inhibit ethanol metabolism) and various antioxidants prevented the ethanol-induced raft aggregation. In addition, treatment of hepatocytes by a stabilizing agent (ursodeoxycholic acid) or a fluidizing compound [2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl 8-(cis-2-n-octylcyclopropyl)octanoate] led to inhibition or enhancement of raft clustering, respectively, which pointed to a relationship between membrane fluidity and lipid rafts during ethanol-induced oxidative stress. We finally investigated the involvement of phospholipase C in raft-induced oxidative stress upon ethanol exposure. Phospholipase C was shown to be translocated into rafts and to participate in oxidative stress by controlling hepatocyte iron content.Membrane structure, depicted as membrane fluidity and lipid rafts, plays a key role in ethanol-induced oxidative stress of the liver, and its modulation may be of therapeutic relevance.
Rheumatology in Practice
Authors: Joan M. Bathon
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intermittent Preventive Treatment to Reduce the Burden of Malaria in Children: New Evidence on Integration and Delivery
Authors: James G. Beeson, Stephen J. Rogerson, Ivo Mueller, Jack S. Richards, Freya J. I. Fowkes
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

11The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 2Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,3Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Barcelona, Spain, 4Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
Abstract 338: Mcl-1 mediates TWEAK/Fn14-induced non-small cell lung cancer survival and therapeutic response
Authors: Timothy G. Whitsett, Ian T. Mathews, Michael H. Cardone, Ryan J. Lena, William E. Pierceall, Michael Bittner, Chao Sima, Janine LoBello, Glen J. Weiss, Nhan L. Tran
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world killing more than one million people each year. Therapeutic resistance remains a significant clinical hurdle, contributing to a five-year survival rate of less than 5% in advanced lung cancer. The mechanisms of therapeutic resistance remain poorly understood and thus difficult to combat therapeutically. The tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)-fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling axis is known to promote cancer cell survival via NF-κB activation and up-regulation of pro-survival Bcl-2 family members. Mcl-1 is over-expressed across many tumor types and correlates with poor patient prognosis and therapeutic resistance. We hypothesize that activation of the TWEAK-Fn14 signaling axis can induce therapeutic resistance through Mcl-1, and that Mcl-1 suppression can sensitize lung cancer cells to therapeutic insult. Here we demonstrate that both Fn14 and Mcl-1 are over-expressed and correlated in primary patient lung tumors. Mcl-1 expression correlates with both advanced stage lung cancer and poor patient prognosis. TWEAK stimulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines induces Mcl-1 protein expression in a NF-κB-dependent manner. TWEAK exposure completely abrogates the cell killing effects of cisplatin or radiation treatment in NSCLC cell lines, and this TWEAK-induced protection is dependent on Mcl-1 expression. The suppression of Mcl-1 through RNAi or a novel Mcl-1 inhibitor (EU-5148) enhances the cell killing effects of cisplatin or radiation and completely blocks TWEAK-induced cell survival, whereas Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL inhibition have lesser effect on TWEAK-induced survival. The specificity of EU5148 is demonstrated through abrogation of the protein-protein interaction of Mcl-1 and Bim, with no effect on the interaction of Bcl-xL and Bim. Moreover, EU-5148 treatment inhibits cell survival across a panel of NSCLC cell lines, representing a range of histological subtypes and driver mutations, such as EGFR and KRAS. Collectively, these results position TWEAK-Fn14 signaling through Mcl-1 as a significant mechanism for NSCLC tumor cell survival, and open new therapeutic avenues to abrogate the high mortality rate seen in advanced NSCLC. Citation Format: Timothy G. Whitsett, Ian T. Mathews, Michael H. Cardone, Ryan J. Lena, William E. Pierceall, Michael Bittner, Chao Sima, Janine LoBello, Glen J. Weiss, Nhan L. Tran. Mcl-1 mediates TWEAK/Fn14-induced non-small cell lung cancer survival and therapeutic response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 338. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-338
Heparin Prophylaxis against Fatal Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: S. Sagar
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Low-dose heparin prophylaxis against fatal pulmonary embolism has been studied in a random and prospective trial in 300 patients over the age of 50 who underwent major surgery. A dose of 5,000 IU mucous heparin sodium given two hours preoperatively and for five days post operatively prevented fatal pulmonary embolism in all 156 patients so treated, whereas out of 144 patients in the unheparinized group 6 (4.2%) died of pulmonary embolism. This difference is statistically significant. There was no increase in operative or post-operative bleeding or in the formation of wound haematomas in the heparinized group.
Different bodies, different futures
Authors: Mary E Black
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I wrote in my diary five years after the end of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, “The truth is that I still have nightmares, and I dream of piles of bodies and blood and all the worst things that I have seen.” With time, those memories have silted over, and now I am more likely to dream of mundane things.⇑

I am fascinated by the promotional images for the 2012 Paralympics. Technology meets human flesh, and the results are thrilling. Oscar Pistorius, a man with no legs, can run faster …
Active Compression-Decompression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation-Reply
Authors: Kelly J. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the interest from Dr Sack and colleagues regarding randomized trial on ACD CPR vs standard CPR. First, the safety and the feasibility of this technique was initially investigated in an animal model.<sup>1</sup>Using a similar ACD technique, there was no evidence of any trauma to the thoracic cavity or sternum at autopsy. Consistent with our animal data, no additional trauma was clinically observed during ACD CPR in our 10 patients. In only one of our 10 patients was permission granted for an autopsy, which failed to demonstrate any adverse effect from ACD CPR. In addition, the ACD CPR device (Cardiopump) serves as a cushion to the chest during compression, and the decompression phase uses the natural hingelike properties of the thoracic cage. Based on these data, we believe that this device and technique does not present any adverse effects to the patient. Second, the authors
Electron spin resonance (ESR) study of cigarette smoke by use of spin trapping techniques.
Authors: W A Pryor, K Terauchi, W H Davis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The technique of spin trapping has been applied to the gas phase of cigarette smoke to identify and quantify the radicals present. It was found that radicals could be trapped only if the smoke was filtered. Three spin traps were used: N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenyl nitrone (PBN). 5,5-dimethyl-delta1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) and alpha-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-tert-butyl nitrone (OHPBN). From the electron spin resonance (ESR) splitting constants of the radicals produced by the reaction of smoke radicals with the spin traps and also from the effec of varying the path length between the cigarette and the spin trap solution, it is concluded that three types of signals are observed. Type I signals indicate the presence of oxygenated radicals which appear to be a mixture of alkoxy radicals (RO) and aroyloxy (ArCO2-) radicals. Our data do not allow conclusions about the nature of the R or Ar groups in these two oxy radicals; however, considerations based on lifetimes suggest that the R group probably is tertiary. Type II and III signals are not typical spectra of spin adducts. Instead, we believe they result from reaction of smoke (and probably radicals in smoke) with the PBN spin trap and indicate that smoke has the ability to effect one-electron oxidations. Only type I signals are observed with DMPO and OHPBN. A quantitative study shows that 4 x 10(14) spins/puff are present in the smoke, in contrast with the result of a recent study which used a very different method for determining the radical content of smoke. A discussion of the nature of the radicals in smoke and some tentative conclusions are presented.
Engineered FGF-2 Expression Induces Glandular Epithelial Hyperplasia in the Murine Prostatic Dorsal Lobe
Authors: Naoko Konno-Takahashi, Takumi Takeuchi, Hiroaki Nishimatsu, Toshiyuki Kamijo, Kyoichi Tomita, Jack A Schalken, Shinichi Teshima, Tadaichi Kitamura
Journal: European Urology (2004)
Potential for Conflict of Interest in the Evaluation of Suspected Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Brian L. Strom
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Re: Giacomo Novara, Antonio Galfano, Silvia Secco, et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with Antimuscarinic Drugs for Overactive Bladder. Eur Urol 2008;54:740–64
Authors: David R. Staskin, Michael G. Oefelein
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Effect of Digitalis on Urinary Pituitary Gonadotrophin Excretion
Authors: DIETER BURCKHARDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

In 20 postmenopausal women 51 to 70 years old receiving maintenance dosages of digitalis, the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were significantly lower ( P < 0.01 ) than in 20 control patients of the same age group. This is presumably due to an estrogen-like activity of digitalis that inhibits FSH formation as natural estrogens do. The significance of FSH excretion and Papanicolaou vaginal smear interpretation must be modified in the postmenopausal patients taking cardiac glycosides.
TUBERCULOSIS CARE AT BELLEVUE
Authors: J. Burns Amberson
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To the Editor:—  In Queries and Minor Notes (The Journal, Dec. 28, 1940) your correspondent conveys a misapprehension of practices at Bellevue Hospital in the treatment of Negroes with tuberculosis. In the Tuberculosis Service of this institution uniform criteria are followed in all cases in the use of collapse therapy. Among these criteria is an estimate of the patient's natural resistance, and it sometimes happens on this account that collapse therapy is used earlier for a Negro than it would be for a white patient with a similar lesion. On the other hand, the proportion of cases of acute pneumonic tuberculosis admitted to this service is higher among Negroes than among white patients. It is generally understood that the indiscriminate employment of collapse therapy for such forms of the disease may be harmful rather than helpful; therefore artificial pneumothorax and other mechanical procedures, when indicated, are used with extraordinary caution;
The Open University and Medical Education — Political Pressures — Sex on the State?
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

THE Open University of Britain began its teaching activities in 1971 and an interesting book, entitled "The Open University Opens"1 and edited by a sociologist, Jeremy Tunstall, has just been published. In a series of essays, the origins and aims of the University are described, and an attempt is made to assess its achievements so far and its potential for the future. In a chapter on the history of the project it is recalled that the idea of a University of the Air has been considered over a period of years by a number of people involved both in broadcasting . . .
FDA panel approves one make of silicone breast implant in the US
Authors: Ray Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A panel of advisers to the US Food and Drug Administration last week unexpectedly recommended approving silicone breast implants made by Mentor Corporation, just one day after rejecting a similar product from a competing firm.

In a seven-two vote last Wednesday, the panel recommended approving silicone breast implants but attached nine conditions. The conditions included more rigorous monitoring of safety issues, including the effects on pregnant women; mandatory education for doctors and …
Isolation of human eosinophils from peripheral blood using hypotonic lysis and centrifugation
Authors: Michael Samoszuk
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

We describe an alternative method for rapidly purifying viable and structurally intact eosinophils from human peripheral blood using controlled hypotonic lysis and centrifugation. This method has significant advantages in that it does not require the use of density gradients, antibodies, magnetic beads, or ammonium chloride lysis procedures.
Joint responsibility: the need for a national arthroplasty register
Authors: D. H Sochart, A. J Long, M. L Porter
Journal: BMJ (1996)

millennium on the impact of poverty on ill health and to strengthen advocacy on this issue by intensive national and international lobbying, by generating health statistics disaggregated by income, and by presenting an image of poverty as an unacceptable waste of human resources.The final consultation in this series of meetings with non-governmental organisations will be cosponsored by WHO and the state of Maryland, USA, as part of the International Health Congress to take place in Baltimore in September 1997.This meeting will consider integrated strategies for breaking the cycle of poverty and ill health in the urban environment and will examine mechanisms for involving the business sector in creating economic opportunities.It is hoped that this partnership between WHO and the non-governmental organisations will restore a much needed moral and social dimension to an inter- national health ethos grown progressively dependent on tech- nological innovation and free market economics.
ANEURYSM AND DISSECTION IN FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA: FINDINGS FROM THE UNITED STATES REGISTRY FOR FMD
Authors: Daniella Kadian-Dodov, Heather Gornik, Xiaokui Gu, James Froehlich, J. Michael Bacharach, Bruce Gray, Michael Jaff, Barry Katzen, Soo Hyun Kim, John Laird, Pamela Mace, Alan Matsumoto, Robert McBane, Eva Kline-Rogers, Christopher White, Jeffrey Olin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Local anaesthetic failure in joint hypermobility syndrome
Authors: A. J Hakim
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Dr McNaught is right to point out examples of racism in the NHS (December 2004 JRSM 1 ).But what to do about it?Maybe we can learn some lessons from the past.Today there is an over-representation of black people in the mental health system but in the 1960s Irish people were over-represented. 2 Psychiatrists thought that the prevalence of schizophrenia was high in people from the west of Ireland and invented a new syndrome 'western seaboard psychosis'. 3 Anthropologists descended on the unsuspecting immigrants to ask them if their Catholic faith caused their minds to unbalance and psychiatrists followed to dole out antipsychotics.But then some proper research was done and it showed no excess of schizophrenia in Irish immigrants. 4 The methods of case collection in the early studies were poor and cross-cultural comparisons were not properly thought through. 3 Today Irish people are no more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than anyone else.How did this happen?I would love to say that it was because of the new research or because of government initiatives.The research helped a bit but the main cures for anti-Irish discrimination were that the new immigrants were richer, better educated, better informed and more questioning.They would not be fobbed off with a misdiagnosis.An increasing understanding and appreciation of Irish culture also helped reduce anti-Irish discrimination generally.The most effective cure of all was time.A cynic would add that, nowadays, people have a new batch of immigrants (such as asylum seekers) to discriminate against.So we need fewer new policy drives and more changes of heart.These will only come from changes in society.Blaming individuals or even the NHS will not help.
Review: Evidence for the effectiveness of nonsurgical interventions for low back pain and radiculopathy is limited
Authors: Bruce Rothschild
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Chou R, Atlas SJ, Stanos SP, Rosenquist RW. Nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society clinical practice guideline. Spine. 2009;34:1078-93. 19363456
Beta blockers and flat dose response to thiazide in hypertension
Authors: N. D Markandu, G. A MacGregor
Journal: BMJ (1983)

any dose response relation which might be present in the remaining patients.The question needing an answer is whether patients with hypertension which is uncontrolled by acebutolol plus (say) hydrochlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily will benefit from an increase in dose to (say) 25 mg daily.To answer this all patients with blood pressure controlled by acebutolol alone and all those controlled by acebutolol plus hydro- chlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily must be excluded from study.Those uncontrolled by acebutolol plus hydrochlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily should be randomly allocated to continue on 12-5 mg daily or to increase to 25 mg daily, preferably in a parallel group design,' and certainly in sufficient numbers to ensure that a negative study really does mean no difference between the doses."Until we have results from valid studies of this type any statement about the ceiling antihypertensive dosage of thiazides or other antihypertensive drugs is unjustified and could be seriously misleading.