tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Skin cancer screening in primary care: Prevalence and barriers
Authors: Robert S. Kirsner, Sara Muhkerjee, Daniel G. Federman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1999)

Skin cancer incidence is increasing, but whether primary care providers routinely screen for skin cancer is not known.We assessed whether primary care practitioners are performing skin cancer screening within the context of primary care and whether barriers exist that might act as impediments to the implementation of this practice.A total of 465 primary care providers belonging to their respective county medical societies in either New Haven County, Connecticut, or Miami-Dade County, Florida were randomly selected and surveyed by mailed questionnaire regarding their skin cancer screening practices.Only 31% of responding physicians reported performing skin cancer screening on all of their adult patients. Of those not performing skin cancer screening on all adult patients, only 31% report performing screening on high-risk patients. Almost half of physicians reported that they do not perform skin cancer screening. We found that physicians' lack of confidence in identifying suspect lesions was a common barrier. Fear of patient embarrassment, inadequate lighting, or lack of studies demonstrating mortality benefits were not frequent deterrents. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in screening rates between the more northern latitude and the more southern latitude.Skin cancer screening is not being performed within the context of primary care visits. Barriers exist that may impede skin cancer screening.
REMARKS ON INTRA-PELVIC INFLAMMATION IN THE CHRONIC FORM.
Authors: W H Byford
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Presented to the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women.] The terms parametritis and perimetritis are erroneously supposed by many to include the whole subject of intra-pelvic inflammation. These terms are misleading, because as now often used they present to the mind the idea that all cases of inflammation not confined to the uterus must belong to one or the other of these. Actual observation teaches the important fact that perimetritis and parametritis generally exist together, and that they are usually complicated with inflammation of the uterus, and not infrequently the ovaries and fallopian tubes are involved. When we use the terms perimetritis and parametritis, if anything like a definite diagnoisis is made we ought to understand that the greater intensity of lesion is manifested in one of the tissues, but that inflammation extends to the others also. It is apparent, therefore, that to determine the tissue in which the
Carotid-Artery Stenting in Stroke Prevention
Authors: Stephen M. Davis, Geoffrey A. Donnan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Stroke is a massive medical and societal challenge. It is the third most common cause of death among adults and the leading cause of long-term disability. We need better ways to treat acute stroke — and this need has been addressed by the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy vs. Stenting Trial (CREST; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00004732), the results of which are reported by Brott and colleagues in this issue of the Journal.1 The CREST results have been eagerly awaited, since they follow a series of reports of trials that indicate either a trend toward inferiority or significant inferiority of carotid-artery stenting as . . .
Common commercial cosmetic products induce arthritis in the DA rat.
Authors: B Sverdrup, L Klareskog, S Kleinau
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Many different agents, including mineral oil and silicone, have the capacity to act as immunological adjuvants, i.e., they can contribute to the activation of the immune system. Some adjuvants, including mineral oil, are known to induce arthritis in certain strains of rats after intradermal injection or percutaneous application. The aim of this study was to determine if common commercial cosmetic products containing mineral oil could induce arthritis in the highly susceptible DA (Dark Agouti) rat. Intradermal injection of five out of eight assayed cosmetic products without further additives resulted in arthritis with synovitis. One of the products induced a very aggressive arthritis, which had declined after 5-9 weeks. When this product was also assayed for arthritogenicity upon percutaneous administration, it induced a mild and transient arthritis in 5 out of 10 DA rats, whereas control animals showed no clinical signs of joint involvement. No arthritic reaction was seen in rats after peroral feeding with the most arthritogenic product or by intravaginal application of Freund's adjuvants. Silicone gel implants in DA rats did not cause arthritis. We conclude that mineral oils included in common commercially available products retain their adjuvant properties and are arthritogenic in the presently investigated arthritis-prone rat strain. There is yet no evidence that mineral oils present in cosmetics may contribute to arthritis in humans, but we suggest that this question should be subject to further investigation.
Cytomegalovirus Infection After Renal Transplantation
Authors: Saidapet L. Balakrishnan
Journal: JAMA (1969)

"Cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis" developed in one patient after renal transplantation. The virus was isolated from the patient's blood on two occasions, one month apart, during the period of atypical lymphocytosis. High antibody titers subsequently developed, and CMV appeared in the urine and saliva, while the blood became negative. It is possible that the transplanted kidney was the source of the infecting CMV, in addition to transfused blood or exacerbation of a latent infection.
“The Evolution of the Solitary Ulcer of the Rectum” - An Endoscopic and Histopathological Study -
Authors: G. Franzin, R. Dina, A. Scarpa, A. Fratton
Journal: Endoscopy (1982)

A follow-up study of fourteen out of twenty-seven cases of solitary ulcer syndrome of the rectum was performed at one year's interval from the previous endoscopic and histologic examination. Most of the lesions consistently changed their aspect, resulting in incomplete irregular narrowings, polypoid protrusions or linear ulcers. The symptoms remained unchanged or slightly diminished. A striking difference was found in the histological pattern of the "evolved" ulcer in comparison to the active one, the former showing features of hyperplastic (metaplastic) colonic polyps as well as of the so called "transitional mucosa". It is suggested that chronic ischemia occurring in solitary ulcer of the rectum leads to "transitional mucosa" as an exaggerated regenerative phenomenon, hyperplastic (metaplastic) mucosa representing a later maturative phase. Possibly "transitional" mucosa may undergo dysplastic changes under the influence of environmental factors.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)+ T cell selection method affects transgene efficacy
Authors: David Rushworth, Tiejuan Mi, Simon Olivares, Rosa Santana Carrero, Ge Yang, Amer Najjar, Laurence Cooper
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The use of CAR+ T cells for the treatment of cancer is growing as multiple centers participate in Phase I/II clinical trials. Prior studies of CAR-dependent T cell effector function evaluated CAR design on T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Our study assesses the effect ex
Functional roles for C5a receptors in sepsis
Authors: Daniel Rittirsch, Michael A Flierl, Brian A Nadeau, Danielle E Day, Markus Huber-Lang, Charles R Mackay, Firas S Zetoune, Norma P Gerard, Katherine Cianflone, Jörg Köhl, Craig Gerard, J Vidya Sarma, Peter A Ward
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Radiation Dermatitis Secondary to Radon Needles
Authors: Robert Auerbach
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  This letter illustrates a case of radiation dermatitis unusual and disappearing cause.  Report of a Case.—  In October 1968, a 47-year-old white man stated that 25 years previously radon needles had been implanted in both cheeks for the treatment of acne. For many years he had been aware of scars in both preauricular areas. In the last year or so a nonhealing crusted ulcer had appeared over the right jawline. X-ray films of the face revealed the radon needles in place without any other abnormal radiologic findings (Figure).  The left preauricular and mandibular area showed an atrophic, telangiectatic, firm scar, 3.5×2.0 cm in size, with mottled pigmentation at the edges. The corresponding area on the right presented the same appearance but with the addition of a crusted, deep, slighly purulent ulcer occupying most of the upper portion of the scar.  Scanning with a sensitive α-counter over both
Cancer in China, India, and Russia
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tyrosine kinase regulation of phospholipase D-protein C kinase pathway in ischemic preconditioning
Authors: Nilanjana Maulik, Masazumi Watanabe, Arpad Tosaki, Daniel Engelman, None Yu-Feng, W. Huang, Richard M. Engelman, John A. Rousou, David Deaton, Joseph Flack, Dipak K. Das
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
The Impact of Shock Wave Therapy at Varied Energy and Dose Levels on Functional and Structural Changes in Erectile Tissue
Authors: Alexander Müller, Yemi Akin-Olugbade, Serkan Deveci, John F. Donohue, Raanan Tal, Keith A. Kobylarz, Michael Palese, John P. Mulhall
Journal: European Urology (2007)
League for Beleaguered Internists
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

In England, they still call it general practice. Here in the United States "general practice" was thought to have depreciatory implications, and general practitioners, like janitors and undertakers, sought a new name that would give their profession better status, particularly vis-à-vis so-called specialists. But, in retrospect, the change in name may have been ill considered. Whose virtues in the spectrum of medical care are more venerated today than those of the "old fashioned G.P."? And who, by contrast, is more criticized for his impersonal technology and pecuniary interests than the ultraspecialist?The change in name also poses semantic problems. None . . .
Cytokine-immobilized microparticle-coated plates for culturing hematopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: Satoko Kishimoto, Shingo Nakamura, Shin-ichiro Nakamura, Hidemi Hattori, Fumie Oonuma, Yasuhiro Kanatani, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Yasuji Harada, Masahiro Tagawa, Tadaaki Maehara, Masayuki Ishihara
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
Hospice Philosophy in Late-Stage Cancer Care
Authors: Melvin J. Krant
Journal: JAMA (1981)

THE TERM "hospice" has become part of the language of US medicine in the past few years, signifying a system of care for the dying cancer patient. As it applies to medical caring, hospice emphasizes a systematic application of symptom relief, palliative comforting measures for patients and families whether in an institutional or in a home setting. The emergence of this emphasis on late-stage care has filled a void in the total strategy for cancer care and education, which has tended to emphasize the disease process and treatments appropriate for cure or prolonged life. Hospice-type care has resulted in improved service-directed concern for terminally ill cancer patients treated in the hospital and in community-based oncological practices. <h3>Background of the Hospice Philosophy</h3> The word "hospice" derives from a medieval French designation for places of rest constructed in out-of-the-way sites to house-wandering pilgrims and men-at-arms journeying to the Middle East and the
Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion inactivates circulating proapoptotic factors
Authors: Vincenzo Cantaluppi, Barbara Assenzio, Daniela Pasero, Giuseppe Mauriello Romanazzi, Alfonso Pacitti, Giacomo Lanfranco, Valeria Puntorieri, Erica L. Martin, Luciana Mascia, Gianpaola Monti, Giampaolo Casella, Giuseppe Paolo Segoloni, Giovanni Camussi, V. Marco Ranieri
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)

To test the hypothesis that extracorporeal therapy with polymyxin B (PMX-B) may prevent Gram-negative sepsis-induced acute renal failure (ARF) by reducing the activity of proapoptotic circulating factors. Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Units. Sixteen patients with Gram-negative sepsis were randomized to receive standard care (Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines) or standard care plus extracorporeal therapy with PMX-B. Cell viability, apoptosis, polarity, morphogenesis, and epithelial integrity were evaluated in cultured tubular cells and glomerular podocytes incubated with plasma from patients of both groups. Renal function was evaluated as SOFA and RIFLE scores, proteinuria, and tubular enzymes. A significant decrease of plasma-induced proapoptotic activity was observed after PMX-B treatment on cultured renal cells. SOFA and RIFLE scores, proteinuria, and urine tubular enzymes were all significantly reduced after PMX-B treatment. Loss of plasma-induced polarity and permeability of cell cultures was abrogated with the plasma of patients treated with PMX-B. These results were associated to a preserved expression of molecules crucial for tubular and glomerular functional integrity. Extracorporeal therapy with PMX-B reduces the proapoptotic activity of the plasma of septic patients on cultured renal cells. These data confirm the role of apoptosis in the development of sepsis-related ARF.
New tricks for an old assay.
Authors: R Clay
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

For decades, a number of guinea pig tests have been used to identify human contact allergens in workplace and consumer products, but these tests have limitations. In addition to using large numbers of test animals, they also provide only subjective measurements, because the allergic activity is measured by watching the skin for redness. Furthermore, coloring in some chemicals that are evaluated may mask reddening of the skin, thus obscuring the results. Since the 1980s, investigators have sought alternative test methods that would reduce the number of animals required and address the limitations of current tests.
Atp8b1 and Abcb11 Analysis in 62 Children With Normal Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (Pfic): Phenotypic Differences Between Pfic1 and Pfic2 and Natural History
Authors: Anne Davit-Spraul, Monique Fabre, Sophie Branchereau, Christiane Baussan, Emmanuel Gonzales, Bruno Stieger, Olivier Bernard, Emmanuel Jacquemin
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) types 1 and 2 are characterized by normal serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity and are due to mutations in ATP8B1 (encoding FIC1) and ABCB11 (encoding bile salt export pump [BSEP]), respectively. Our goal was to evaluate the features that may distinguish PFIC1 from PFIC2 and ease their diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed charts of 62 children with normal-GGT PFIC in whom a search for ATP8B1 and/or ABCB11 mutation, liver BSEP immunostaining, and/or bile analysis were performed. Based on genetic testing, 13 patients were PFIC1 and 39 PFIC2. The PFIC origin remained unknown in 10 cases. PFIC2 patients had a higher tendency to develop neonatal cholestasis. High serum alanine aminotransferase and alphafetoprotein levels, severe lobular lesions with giant hepatocytes, early liver failure, cholelithiasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, very low biliary bile acid concentration, and negative BSEP canalicular staining suggest PFIC2, whereas an absence of these signs and/or presence of extrahepatic manifestations suggest PFIC1. The PFIC1 and PFIC2 phenotypes were not clearly correlated with mutation types, but we found tendencies for a better prognosis and response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) or biliary diversion (BD) in a few children with missense mutations. Combination of UDCA, BD, and liver transplantation allowed 87% of normal-GGT PFIC patients to be alive at a median age of 10.5 years (1-36), half of them without liver transplantation. PFIC1 and PFIC2 differ clinically, biochemically, and histologically at presentation and/or during the disease course. A small proportion of normal-GGT PFIC is likely not due to ATP8B1 or ABCB11 mutations.
Termination of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia by Premature Stimulation From Ablating Catheter
Authors: Jasbir Sra, Mohammad Jazayeri, Andrea Natale, Anwer Dhala, Zalmen Blanck, Sanjay Deshpande, Cheryl Maglio, Siobhan Bremner, Masood Akhtar
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Slow-pathway ablation is currently used more frequently to control atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). However, in patients with the common type of AVNRT, successful ablation of the slow pathway can be difficult and time-consuming. We tested a simple method to predict a site for slow-pathway ablation in patients with AVNRT of the common variety. Methods and Results Twenty patients with symptomatic common AVNRT (13 women and 7 men; mean age, 41±21 years) were included in the study. Once the AVNRT had a stable cycle length (±10 ms) for at least 20 cycles, single extrastimuli were delivered from the ablating catheter tip beginning with 20 ms less than the tachycardia cycle length and decrementing by 10 ms until tachycardia terminated or loss of capture occurred at the pacing site. The pacing protocol was performed systematically in a stepwise fashion at four adjacent sites starting from the posterior/inferior interatrial septum near the tricuspid annulus and moving progressively more anteriorly. The pacing protocol was then repeated in the same sequence, followed by delivery of radiofrequency current at each site to determine its effect at sites where AVNRT could not be terminated with a pacing protocol. AVNRT could be terminated in the anterograde direction from at least one site in 19 patients. Tachycardia could be terminated at two or more adjacent sites in 5 patients. The longest atrial coupling interval at the site of tachycardia termination was 67±27 ms (range, 30 to 130 ms) less than the AVNRT cycle length. Resetting of subsequent His bundle depolarization (H 2 ), producing an H-H 2 interval prolongation of 26±24 ms (range, 10 to 80 ms), occurred in 17 patients before termination of the tachycardia. In 18 of the 19 patients, the slow pathway was successfully ablated at the site at which AVNRT was terminated at the longest atrial coupling interval. Conclusions Termination of tachycardia in the anterograde direction at the longest atrial coupling interval by extrastimuli delivered from the ablating catheter can be helpful for identification of an optimal site for slow-pathway ablation in patients with the common variety of AVNRT.
Treatment of Cerebral Swelling
Authors: Donald D. Matson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE technics of neurologic surgery are meticulous, and the development of skill in this area tedious. Improvement in neurosurgical results has been achieved not only with perfection of operative technics, however, but also because of increased ability to protect the central nervous system during and after surgical procedures.One of the most difficult problems that has always faced the neurologic surgeon has been the control of cerebral swelling. It has proved to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with a wide variety of lesions involving the nervous system: trauma, neoplasm, infarction, infection and toxic and metabolic processes. . . .
Haemophilus parainfluenzae Meningitis in a Newborn
Authors: Edwin H. Gullekson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

ALTHOUGH<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>meningitis has been described in newborns, a search of the literature failed to reveal a case of H<i>parainfluenzae</i>meningitis in a newborn. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A full-term baby was delivered on March 21, 1963. The membranes had not ruptured prematurely, and the total duration of labor was five hours. The newborn appeared normal during the first 48 hours. On March 23, the baby's temperature was recorded as 101.8 F (38.8 C) rectally. At that time, twitching of the eyes was noted. The color of the skin was dusky. The anterior fontanelle bulged at rest. Except for a few rales in the left side of the chest, the results of the rest of the examination were within normal limits. Spinal fluid, taken on the same day, was red-brown in color, had a leukocyte count of 1,440/cu mm, with 56% neutrophils and 44% mononuclear cells, and 8,570
Findings on Tc-99m HMPAO Brain Imaging in Brain Death
Authors: G LU, W J SHIH, U Y RYO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene (HMPAO) brain imaging for brain death has been well established and criteria for brain death include: absent flow through internal carotid, middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries on flow study, and absence of uptake in the cerebrum and cerebellum in the static images. However, the scintigraphic findings of the brain death determined brain death in the first radionuclide study, which is not always straightforward. A second study was required 24 hours later. Three unusual scintigraphic presentations on the first radionuclide study are illustrated. Patients with presence of perfusion in one part of the brain such as a lack of supratentorial perfusion and preservation of intratentorial perfusion, supratentorial and intratentorial blood flow dissociation, or presence of perfusion in one cerebral hemisphere, indicated preservation of one portion of brain function. Accordingly, it cannot yet be considered dead, although the prognosis is poor and death may occur within a short time. In such a situation a repeated study is necessary. A six-year-old boy with a motor vehicle accident injury shows normal cerebral flow with a small defect on the right cerebral hemisphere. The linear defect in one cerebral hemisphere was unexpected. The accurate and timely assessment of brain death is critical decision-making from medical, legal, ethical, and financial perspectives. Tc-99m HMPAO cerebral flow study and static brain images are reliable noninvasive methods for confirmation of brain death. Initial Tc-99m HMPAO brain imaging in a patient after a motor vehicle accident showed only a minor reduction of cerebral perfusion in the right cerebral hemisphere. Repeat imaging 48 hours later showed absent cerebral and cerebellar blood flow. In another patient, cerebellar flow was initially seen, but 24 hours later there was no cerebral or carebellar flow, A third patient shows an even more pronounced dissociation of initial and 24-hour images. Thus, serial imaging is important for the monitoring of patients suspected to be brain dead on the basis of radionuclide imaging.