tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Imipramine and Lithium Effects on Biogenic Amine Transport in Depressed and Manic-Depressed Patients
Authors: DENNIS L. MURPHY, ROBERT W. COLBURN, JOHN M. DAVIS, WILLIAM E. BUNNEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

It is often risky to extrapolate to man the results of animal studies on the mechanism of action of psychoactive drugs. In this study, platelets obtained from patients before and during treatment with imipramine and lithium were used to determine whether the effects of these drugs suggested by animal studies to be involved in cell membrane transport could be identified in these human cells. Imipramine was found to inhibit and lithium to stimulate amine transport in platelets. confirming that the cellular effects of these drugs in man are similar to their effects on brain cells from animals.
Cardiac output in Paget's disease: response to long-term salmon calcitonin therapy.
Authors: N J Woodhouse, W A Crosbie, S M Mohamedally
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Cardiac output in Paget's disease: response to long-term salmon calcitonin therapy Paget's disease is accompanied by an increase in the vascularity and flow of blood through bone.With sufficiently severe disease the peripheral vascular resistance decreases and the cardiac output (CO) increases above normal levels, either at rest or after exercise.'In some patients high-output congestive cardiac failure may be seen.As in patients with arteriovenous fistulae, the oxygen saturation of venous blood is increased and early venous filling occurs during arteriography.Anatomical arteriovenous shunts, however, have not been demonstrated in Paget's disease, and the increased venous oxygen saturation probably results from a rapid flow of blood through an enormously dilated capillary bed.2Long-term treatment of Paget's disease with calcitonin reduces the abnormally raised turnover of bone and sometimes produces radiological healing of the disease.3We therefore investigated the possibility that calcitonin treatment will, in addition, reduce the bone vascularity and thus lower the CO.
Pay the Peers
Authors: Benjamin C. K. Tom
Journal: JAMA (1976)

IN HAWAII, physicians began efforts to improve quality care for hospitalized patients in 1965. Since then, several statewide studies have revealed that nonpunitive peer review systems are ineffective.1,2Realizing this, The Queen's Medical Center in Honolulu (480 beds) revised its utilization review program in September 19733to comply with Public Law 92-603 (professional standards review organizations) and with Titles V, XVIII, and XIX under the Social Security Act.  The distinguishing characteristics of our utilization review program are twofold: (1) a team approach, utilizing paramedical staff as well as physicians, and (2) payment for peer review. In an effort to contain costs, our objective is to reduce a patient's length of stay, particularly in the expensive care units. Therefore, high priority is given to analyzing appropriateness of admission, length of stay based on level of care, early diagnosis, proper management, and prompt discharge. Our evaluations focus on facts rather
A series of naphthalimide derivatives as intra and extracellular pH sensors
Authors: Yanqing Tian, Fengyu Su, Warner Weber, Vivek Nandakumar, Bradley R. Shumway, Yuguang Jin, Xianfeng Zhou, Mark R. Holl, Roger H. Johnson, Deirdre R. Meldrum
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
HOW TO SECURE CHEST EXPANSION
Authors: H. P. Ashe
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the section ofThe Journalof July 13, 1918, devoted to queries and answers regarding the Selective Service Regulations, Dr. O. L. Williamson of Marianna, Ark., asks what shall be done in the cases of many physically fit negroes who do not know how to expand the chest, and show no chest mobility equaling 2 inches. I find that if one cannot obtain 2 inches on first trial, it is wise to go on with the rest of the examination. While auscultating the lungs, part of the time I tell the registrant to take deep breaths. The conversation runs somewhat as follows: "Take a deep breath." "Take a deeper breath." "Now breathe all that you can." After concluding this exercise, of which the registrant understands not the purpose, on taking the chest measurement one is very much surprised to find 2½ or 3 inches of expansion,
Photosensitivity Due to Chlorpropamide
Authors: James F. Hitselberger
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IT HAS BEEN KNOWN for more than 20 years that sulfonamides are capable of producing drug eruptions and that in the production of these eruptions a photosensitivity mechanism is frequently involved. Recently, several members of the sulfonylurea group of drugs, related to the sulfonamides by similarities in chemical structure, have enjoyed widespread usage because of their antidiabetic effect when given orally. The 3 sulfonylurea derivatives which in turn have been popular are carbutamide, tolbutamide (Orinase), and most recently, chlorpropamide (Diabinese). Photosensitivity-type drug eruptions produced by carbutamide and tolbutamide have been reported previously. The purpose of this communication is to report such a reaction following the administration of chlorpropamide. Report of a Case A 55-year-old female was seen in the emergency room of Henry Ford Hospital on April 12, 1960, and admitted to the hospital for treatment of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. For several months, she had been receiving 0.5 gm. of
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Alveolar Macrophages Impairs Their Innate Fungicidal Activity
Authors: MICHAEL H. IEONG, CHRISTINE CAMPBELL REARDON, STUART M. LEVITZ, HARDY KORNFELD
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Impaired adaptive immunity is the hallmark of AIDS, but the effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection on innate immunity are less clear. Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) is a common AIDS-related fungal pathogen acquired by inhalation. Alveolar macrophages (AM ϕ ) comprise the initial host defense in cryptococcosis and they may arrest infection before dissemination occurs. We hypothesized that HIV-1 infection of AM ϕ impairs their anti-cryptococcal activity. This was tested by infection of normal AM ϕ with the M-tropic strain HIV-1Bal. Two weeks postinfection we measured fungistatic activity against CN by colony counting, binding, and internalization of CN by confocal microscopy and AM ϕ cell viability by Alamar Blue assay. Uninfected AM ϕ from most donors demonstrated innate fungicidal activity against CN. In HIV-1-infected AM ϕ , there was a significant reduction, and in most cases loss, of fungicidal activity compared with the uninfected AM ϕ . The reduced antifungal activity was not due to any cytotoxic effect of HIV-1, and HIV-1 infection did not impair binding or internalization of yeast by AM ϕ . Thus, the innate fungicidal activity of primary human AM ϕ is impaired after HIV-1 infection in vitro by a mechanism involving a defect of intracellular antimicrobial processing.
Improving Palliative Care
Authors: Faith T. Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 March 1998Improving Palliative CareFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDUniversity of California, Davis; Sacramento, CA 95817Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-6-199803150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was impressed with the article by Meier and colleagues [1], who present a thoughtful perspective on a troublesome and increasingly recognized problem. I was concerned, however, by the general thrust of this article (and many others), which compartmentalized dying as a “medical” process and separated it from the cycle of human life in the setting of families, communities, and society as a whole. Even the laudable and necessary hospice movement, in effect, declares that this portion of life-the end of it-is of necessity a “pathologic state” requiring medical expertise.The general belief of the U.S. public ...References1. Meier DE, Morrison S, Cassel CK. Improving palliative care. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:225-30. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Faith T. Fitzgerald, MDAffiliations: University of California, Davis; Sacramento, CA 95817 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1998Volume 128, Issue 6Page: 509-510KeywordsAnxietyBrain diseasesComaDyspneaMedical staffNauseaPalliative careSepsisSigns and symptomsVomiting ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Acid-base transport systems in gastrointestinal epithelia.
Authors: D Gleeson
Journal: Gut (1992)

Cell plasma membranes contain a variety of transport systems that carry acid or base into or out of the cell. Research over the past decade has led to remarkable advances in our understanding of these acid-base transport systems and has established that they have several major physiological roles. They are the primary means by which cells regulate their internal pH and they also contribute importantly to regulation of cell volume and possibly cell proliferation. Furthermore, in the gastrointestinal tract they mediate absorption and secretion, not only of acids and bases but of several other electrolytes and nutrients. The major acid-base transport systems on mammalian cell plasma membranes are illustrated in Figures 1-3; their specific locations on different cell types are discussed later. Hydrogen, potassium (H+,K+) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) extrude H+ in exchange for K' using energy derived directly from ATP hydrolysis. They are present on the apical membranes of gastric parietal cells' (Fig 1) and, in some species, colon epithelial cells,2 where they mediate acid secretion. However, they are not widely distributed in gastrointestinal epithelia. Other acid base transport systems derive their energy, not directly from ATP hydrolysis, but from coupling the movement of one ion to passive movement of another ion along its electrochemical gradient. In the case of sodium/ hydrogen (Na+/H+) exchange (Figs 1-3), H' extrusion from the cell is coupled, in a 1: 1 ratio, to Na+ entry down its chemical gradient.3-' This gradient depends on the sodium pump, Na+,K+ ATPase, which is present on the basolateral membrane of all gastrointestinal epithelial cells and extrudes 3 Na+ ions in exchange for 2 K+ ions, thus maintaining a low intracellular [Na+], high intracellular [K'], and negative intracellular potential. Na+/H+ exchange is almost ubiquitous in mammalian cells and can be inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. There are several mechanisms for bicarbonate (HCO3 ) transport across plasma membranes.67 In most tissues, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase mediates rapid equilibration of H' and HCO3 with C02, which diffuses freely across all cell membranes. Therefore, HCO3 transport into the cell is equivalent to H` transport out of the cell and vice versa. In the case of chloride/bicarbonate (Cl-/ HC03 ) exchange (Figs 1-3), HCO3 extrusion from the cell is coupled, in a 1:1 ratio, to Cl entry along its chemical gradient. This gradirnt H+ HCO33Na+
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE GENITAL ORGANS IN CHILDREN
Authors: OLIVER LYONS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

We understand by this title the localization of tuberculosis in the prostate, seminal vesicles, epididymis or testicles. The results of a large series of necropsies by a number of observers show that in children tuberculosis is present in a large percentage of cases. During the first four months it is rare, but it increases rapidly as age advances. In almost every case in which it is found post mortem in the first six months of life, it is thought to be the cause of death, while in older children it is frequently found at necropsy when they have died from other causes. Even in children, tuberculous lesions of the genital organs are no longer museum curiosities, and should receive careful consideration in the classification of diseases that are known to affect these structures.  As a result of the advance in pathologic, histologic and bacteriologic investigation we are able to demonstrate
CPEB-Mediated Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation and the Regulation of Experience-Dependent Translation of α-CaMKII mRNA at Synapses
Authors: Lin Wu, David Wells, Joyce Tay, Duane Mendis, Mary-Alice Abbott, Allan Barnitt, Elizabeth Quinlan, Arnold Heynen, Justin R Fallon, Joel D Richter
Journal: Neuron (1998)
HIV-1 persistence in CD4+ T cells with stem cell–like properties
Authors: Maria J Buzon, Hong Sun, Chun Li, Amy Shaw, Katherine Seiss, Zhengyu Ouyang, Enrique Martin-Gayo, Jin Leng, Timothy J Henrich, Jonathan Z Li, Florencia Pereyra, Ryan Zurakowski, Bruce D Walker, Eric S Rosenberg, Xu G Yu, Mathias Lichterfeld
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
CHRONIC PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA.
Authors: H. H. LOVELAND
Journal: JAMA (1905)

The editorial statement inThe Journal, June 10, that chronic forms of purpura hemorrhagica are so seldom mentioned in medical literature that we are apt to regard them as being exceedingly rare, leads me to report a case that came under my observation during the years 1896 to 1903, inclusive.  Patient.  —C. D., male, was born May or June, 1895, date not certain. His parents were of German birth, and both of them exceptionally large people, each weighing over 200 pounds, but well proportioned and in vigorous health. This child was one of twelve, five of whom died in infancy, or in very early years, the others being in excellent health.  History.  —I first saw him with the physician who had attended him from birth, in December, 1895, and the beginning of the following year he came under my care and remained so till October, 1903. He was a large,
Biostatistics To Improve the Power of Large Databases
Authors: Barry P. Katz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Statistical Methods15 October 1997Biostatistics To Improve the Power of Large DatabasesBarry P. Katz, PhDBarry P. Katz, PhDIndiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN 46202Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_2-199710151-00066 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The three papers included in this section are based on presentations from a session entitled “Biostatistical Issues in Database Research.” This area had the potential to be extremely broad because few issues related to databases do not ultimately have biostatistical implications. However, these articles address the issues that were the major foci of this conference: cost of care, outcomes, and measuring quality.The cost of medical care is an important issue for society. Interventions, treatments, and even providers are now required to be both effective and cost-effective. However, it may be surprising that the statistical analysis of cost data in ...References 1. Byar DP. Problems with using observational databases to compare treatments. Stat Med. 1991; 10:663-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN 46202Note: This article is one of a series of articles comprising an Annals of Internal Medicine supplement entitled “Measuring Quality, Outcomes, and Cost of Care Using Large Databases: The Sixth Regenstrief Conference.” To see a complete list of the articles included in this supplement, please view its Table of Contents. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDatabases: A tool for quality management of diabetic pregnanciesEffectiveness of Chemotherapy for Advanced Lung Cancer in the Elderly: Instrumental Variable and Propensity AnalysisResources Used by PanelistsUse of Observational Databases (Registries) in Research 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_2Page: 769KeywordsDatabasesHealth careHealth care providersHealth information technologyMortalityPerformance measuresProspective studiesRandomized trialsStatistical dataStatistical methods Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
NONINVASIVE PREDICTION OF COMPLICATIONS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION BY GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN
Authors: Woo-Shik Kim, Jong Shin Woo, Sang Jin Ha, Seok Yeon Kim, Soo Joong Kim, Weon Kim, Myeung Kon Kim, Jong-Hoa Bae, Kwon Sam Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Eosinophils: from low‐ to high‐affinity immunoglobulin E receptors
Authors: M. Capron, A. Soussi Gounni, M. Morita, M. J. Truong, L. Prin, J.‐P. Kinet, A. Capron
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Several experimental approaches have been used to identify immunoglobulin (IgE) binding molecules expressed by human eosinophils. After the description that Fee RII/CD23 identified on eosinophils could participate in IgE binding and IgE‐mediated cytotoxicity, Mac2/ε binding proteins belonging to the S‐type lectin family were also detected on human eosinophits. Anti‐Mac2 monoclonal antibodies inhibited eosinophil‐dependent cytotoxicity towards parasitic targets. More recently, Fcε RI was demonstrated on human eosinophils from hypereosinophilic patients. The 3 components of Fcε RI, α, β and γ chains, were detected in eosinophils. The α chain of Fcε RI was shown to be involved in IgE binding to eosinophils and in the selective release of eosinophil peroxidase. The participation of Fcε RI‐bearing eosinophils in a protective immune response against a parasitic infection indicates a so far unsuspected function of Fcε RI. The interactions between the different types of IgE binding molecules are discussed.
Sequence Similarity and Functional Relationship Among Eukaryotic ZIP and CDF Transporters
Authors: Taiho Kambe, Tomoyuki Suzuki, Masaya Nagao, Yuko Yamaguchi-Iwai
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

Abstract ZIP (ZRT/IRT-like Protein) and CDF (Cation Diffusion Facilitator) are two large metal transporter families mainly transporting zinc into and out of the cytosol. Several ZIP and CDF transporters have been characterized in mammals and various model organisms, such as yeast, nematode, fruit fly, and zebrafish, and many candidate genes have been identified by genome projects. Unexpected functions of ZIP and CDF transporters have been recently reported in some model organisms, leading to major advances in our understanding of the functions of mammalian counterparts. Here, we review the recent information on the sequence similarity and functional relationship among eukaryotic ZIP and CDF transporters obtained from the representative model organisms.
Diagnosis from a blood film following dog‐bite
Authors: Hui Sien Tay, Alan Mills, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

A 60-year-old woman presented in septic shock two days after being bitten on the calf by a dog. Twenty-four years previously she had required a splenectomy for autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura with the platelet count remaining normal thereafter. On clinical examination, the patient had a mottled rash on her left leg which, within 24 hours, had developed into extensive purpura fulminans involving the extremities and the buttocks. She also developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and multiorgan failure. 1 The full blood count on admission showed a white cell count of 11.3 × 109/l, neutrophils 8.3 × 109/l, hemoglobin concentration 11.3 g/dl and platelet count 38 × 109/l. The blood film showed features of hyposplenism and in addition the presence of bacilli within neutrophils (image), supporting a diagnosis of Capnocytophaga canimorsus septicaemia. This was subsequently confirmed by blood culture. Histology of the excised dog bite site showed necrotic skin with thrombi in small vessels in the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Despite early diagnosis, broad spectrum antibiotics and intensive support the patient developed gangrene of one hand and the soles of her feet and died twelve days after presentation. Capnocytophaga canimorsus, formerly known as dysgonic fermenter 2 (DF-2), is a commensal bacterium of dog and cat saliva. It can be transmitted to humans by a bite, a scratch or mere licking. Hyposplenic patients are particularly at risk of septicaemia, DIC and death and should be warned about the risks of close contact with cats and dogs. Urgent examination of a blood film is indicated in such patients presenting with a febrile illness after dog-bite, although even rapid diagnosis and urgent treatment may not prevent death.
Walking Compared with Vigorous Exercise for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women
Authors: JoAnn E. Manson, Philip Greenland, Andrea Z. LaCroix, Marcia L. Stefanick, Charles P. Mouton, Albert Oberman, Michael G. Perri, David S. Sheps, Mary B. Pettinger, David S. Siscovick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The role of walking, as compared with vigorous exercise, in the prevention of cardiovascular disease remains controversial. Data for women who are members of minority racial or ethnic groups are particularly sparse.
Assessing mental imagery in clinical psychology: A review of imagery measures and a guiding framework
Authors: David G. Pearson, Catherine Deeprose, Sophie M.A. Wallace-Hadrill, Stephanie Burnett Heyes, Emily A. Holmes
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2012)

Mental imagery is an under-explored field in clinical psychology research but presents a topic of potential interest and relevance across many clinical disorders, including social phobia, schizophrenia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. There is currently a lack of a guiding framework from which clinicians may select the domains or associated measures most likely to be of appropriate use in mental imagery research. We adopt an interdisciplinary approach and present a review of studies across experimental psychology and clinical psychology in order to highlight the key domains and measures most likely to be of relevance. This includes a consideration of methods for experimentally assessing the generation, maintenance, inspection and transformation of mental images; as well as subjective measures of characteristics such as image vividness and clarity. We present a guiding framework in which we propose that cognitive, subjective and clinical aspects of imagery should be explored in future research. The guiding framework aims to assist researchers in the selection of measures for assessing those aspects of mental imagery that are of most relevance to clinical psychology. We propose that a greater understanding of the role of mental imagery in clinical disorders will help drive forward advances in both theory and treatment.