tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ormeloxifene Suppresses Desmoplasia and Enhances Sensitivity of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Sheema Khan, Mara C. Ebeling, Neeraj Chauhan, Paul A. Thompson, Rishi K. Gara, Aditya Ganju, Murali M. Yallapu, Stephen W. Behrman, Haotian Zhao, Nadeem Zafar, Man Mohan Singh, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

The management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely poor due to lack of an efficient therapy and development of chemoresistance to the current standard therapy, gemcitabine. Recent studies implicate the intimate reciprocal interactions between epithelia and underlying stroma due to paracrine Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling in producing desmoplasia and chemoresistance in PDAC. Herein, we report for the first time that a nonsteroidal drug, ormeloxifene, has potent anticancer properties and depletes tumor-associated stromal tissue by inhibiting the SHH signaling pathway in PDAC. We found that ormeloxifene inhibited cell proliferation and induced death in PDAC cells, which provoked us to investigate the combinatorial effects of ormeloxifene with gemcitabine at the molecular level. Ormeloxifene caused potent inhibition of the SHH signaling pathway via downregulation of SHH and its related important downstream targets such as Gli-1, SMO, PTCH1/2, NF-κB, p-AKT, and cyclin D1. Ormeloxifene potentiated the antitumorigenic effect of gemcitabine by 75% in PDAC xenograft mice. Furthermore, ormeloxifene depleted tumor-associated stroma in xenograft tumor tissues by inhibiting the SHH cellular signaling pathway and mouse/human collagen I expression. Xenograft tumors treated with ormeloxifene in combination with gemcitabine restored the tumor-suppressor miR-132 and inhibited stromal cell infiltration into the tumor tissues. In addition, invasiveness of tumor cells cocultivated with TGFβ-stimulated human pancreatic stromal cells was effectively inhibited by ormeloxifene treatment alone or in combination with gemcitabine. We propose that ormeloxifene has high therapeutic index and in a combination therapy with gemcitabine, it possesses great promise as a treatment of choice for PDAC/pancreatic cancer.
MENINGITIS A COMPLICATION OF MEASLES.
Authors: THOMAS W. HARVEY
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The relative rareness of this complication is my reason for bringing it to your consideration. I find that very few practitioners have met this condition after measles. The literature of the subject presents few recorded cases and many writers do not mention it as one of the possible complications. Others relegate all forms of meningitis following measles to the tubercular class. There are at least a dozen of the most commonly used authors on general medicine who do not mention this complication of measles (Flint, Aitken, Trouseau, Ringer in Reynolds' System, Bartholow, Watson, Neimeyer, Tanner, Barlow, Wood Struempell, Wood and Fitz). Of the writers on diseases of children, there are at least twenty who make no mention of such a complication (Conden, Dewees, Ellis, Eustace Smith, Evanson and Maunsell, West, Day, Billard, Stewart, Stevens, Duncan, Donkin, Churchill, Cadet-de-Cassecourt, Bouchut, Ashby and Wright, Tanner, Starr, F. E. Waxham in Keating's Cyclopedia).
THE PURPOSE OF AN INTERNSHIP
Authors: E. E. IRONS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Universities, medical schools and hospitals are interested jointly in the education of those who will care for the sick, and aid in the prevention and cure of disease. Of the students now in our medical schools, most will soon be engaged in some form of medical care of patients; some will enter administrative positions; others will devote their efforts to study and search for new facts in medicine perhaps entirely apart from patients; but no matter what their field of medical activity, all will be better men as well as physicians if they have the broadening experiences of a hospital internship. The student entered his medical course after two to four years of study in college which included certain of the sciences, biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics and languages, and thereby presumably had some training in methods of study and thinking. The first two medical years, devoted mainly to the preclinical
P557 THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) IS A NOVEL POWERFUL, INEXPENSIVE PREDICTOR OF SURVIVAL FOR PATIENTS WHO PRESENT WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: G. Grossi, C. Smirne, M.E. Burlone, D.J. Pinato, R. Minisini, M. Pirisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Foreign Bodies in the Stomach
Authors: D. Farley
Journal: BMJ (1963)

tion of the analytical technique used.7 Interested readers are referred to this article and two recent reviews.8 ' Finally I want to stress the statement of Goldberg and Rimington" that whenever an active case of acute intermittent porphyria is discovered it becomes a duty to test the urines of relatives for the presence of porphobilinogen; this test needs to be done with ion exchange chromatography and as far as possible determination of A.L.A. should be included (see ref. 7).-I am, etc., TORBEN K. WITH.
Letter from Brasilia: Chronic malaria syndromes
Authors: P. Marsden
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Related disciplinesMost medical specialties have links with other medical and paramedical disciplines.Details of the services provided by such disciplines can be mentioned in the handbook.We find that such information is usefully gathered by visiting the departments, which can be included in any induction course.The hand- book should contain details of the referral information required by the particular professionals concerned.When describing social work and appliances it might be useful to reference Understanding Benefit and More Everyday Aids and Appliances,9 which should also be available on the ward when possible. ConclusionsThese are only guidelines and every specialty will have its own requirements.We also emphasise that a departmental handbook should be regarded not as an alternative to in service training but as a support and hopefully a stimulus for further learning.Ideally, it should be distributed to junior doctors before the relevant module and should be available for them to take away when they leave for their next job.We must no longer depend on "osmotic learning" as the sole basis of postgraduate medical education, and we must protect, encourage, and stimulate the enthusiasm of young doctors to continue learning in the everyday life ofbusy hospital wards.
TCT-356 Incidence, Timing, Predictors and Prognostic Impact of Stoke After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Jung-Min Ahn, Young-Rak Cho, Hyo In Choi, Soo-Jin Kang, Hyun Kuk Kim, Young-Hak Kim, Won-Jang Kim, Pil Hyung Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seung-Whan Lee, Jong-Young Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Duk-Woo Park, Jae Hyung Roh, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
SERUM CHANGES FOLLOWING KAOLIN INJECTIONS
Authors: James W. Jobling, William Petersen, A. A. Eggstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

1. The intoxication produced by the intravenous injection of inert substances such as kaolin is due to protein split products derived from the serum proteins. 2. The kaolin acts as an adsorbing medium for the serum antiferment, bringing about an alteration in the ferment-antiferment balance. 3. The intoxication is accompanied by an increase in serum protease, and of proteoses. 4. The serum lipase, the amino-acids, and the total non-coagulable nitrogen show relatively little change. 5. The antiferment shows an initial increase, followed by a loss.
COX-1–Sparing NSAIDs—Is the Enthusiasm Justified?
Authors: Walter L. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phthalate ester testing in the National Toxicology Program's Environmental Mutagenesis Test Development Program
Authors: Errol Zeiger, Stephen Haworth, William Speck, Kristien Mortelmans
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

A number of phthalate esters and related chemicals were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium. The chemicals were tested blind in three laboratories by a preincubation modification of the Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test using S-9 prepared from Aroclor-induced rats and Syrian hamsters. All chemicals tested were judged to be nonmutagenic.
Treating hyperhidrosis. Reserve sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis.
Authors: A Gordon, J Collin
Journal: BMJ (1993)

general practitioner in the accident and emergency department can provide the necessary care for these patients.Where this has occurred the results have been promising.This response to public expectation in the accident and emergency department will not, however, improve the perception of what treatment the general practi- tioner based in the community can provide for non-urgent problems.
Acquisition of Lymphokine-Producing Phenotype by CD4+ T Cells
Authors: R A Seder, W E Paul
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1994)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
GAMMA GLOBULIN AND ANTIBODY FORMATION IN VITRO
Authors: Vera J. Stecher, G. Jeanette Thorbecke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

The present studies have shown that the influence of X-irradiation on the secondary antibody response in vitro is remarkably similar to its effect on the primary response in vivo. When sensitized tissue was first irradiated and then reexposed to antigen, the duration of the interval between irradiation and antigen addition determined the degree of inhibition of the secondary response obtained. A delay of 12 hr resulted in stronger inhibition than a delay of 6 hr, and an interval of 24 hr before reexposure to antigen caused complete suppression of antibody production to diphtheria toxoid and almost complete suppression when sheep RBC were used as the antigen. Induction of the secondary response in rabbit lymph node tissue in vitro followed by exposure to X-irradiation, revealed that immediate exposure to irradiation after antigen produced stronger inhibition of the subsequent response than irradiation on days 2-3. Irradiation on day 6 had no detectable effect. The effectiveness of the early radiation is probably due to prevention of the proliferation of the antibody-forming cells. BUDR was found to be effective at similar time periods as X-irradiation, whereas colchicine could still stop antibody formation when added late during the secondary response in vitro. It was noted that lymph nodes from some BSA-sensitized rabbits as late as 18 months after sensitization gave a response indistinguishable from a typical secondary response, even when not reexposed to antigen.
Lower socioeconomic status is an independent predictor of left ventricular mass
Authors: Carlos J. Rodriguez, Marco R. Di Tullio, Robert R. Sciacca, Bernadette Boden-Abala, Ana V. Diez-Roux, Gabrielle Gaspard, Ralph L. Sacco, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
P1-04-02: In Vitro Qualification and Quantification of Murine Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cells.
Authors: Q Dong, D Wang, A Bandyopadhyay, Z Liu, L Yu, H Gao, K Moncada, C Huang, CA Walter, L-Z Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Increasing evidence suggest that tumors with a cell origin of more basal or stem-like sources are often highly metastatic and associated with poor prognosis. Identification of the cell of origin thus has important implications for development of new preventive and therapeutic approaches. To identifying the cells of origin of various breast cancers, understanding the normal cellular hierarchy within the breast tissue is an important prerequisite. However, current understanding of normal mammary stem/progenitor cell is limited due to the lack of a robust in vitro assay. The newly developed cell surface markers (CD24+CD49fhi) can only be used for low percent of enrichment. The only gold standard assay for functional evaluation of stem cell property is the in vivo transplantation of cleared mammary fat pad assay, yet this assay is expensive, time consuming, and requires highly trained skills, and thus cannot be used routinely for experiments. The goal of our study is thus to develop a robust in vitro assay to qualify and quantify murine mammary stem/progenitor cells. Our rationale lies on our recent findings of in vitro study of different fractions of murine stem/progenitor cells. When we use isolated primary epithelial cells for in vitro mammosphere formation, we found that stem cell enriched fraction and progenitor cell enriched fraction both formed very small mammospheres (≤ 50 μm) and these spheres appear to be of clonal origin (one cell gives rise to one sphere). When we plated these small spheres into 3D extracellular matrix for colony formation, however, they gave rise to two distinct structures: stem-enriched fraction generated predominately solid structure while progenitor-enriched fraction is dominated by hollow structures. Previous studies have linked the solid structure to the basal/myoepithelial lineage and the hollow structure to the luminal lineage. We thus suspected that the small mammospheres derived from the stem or progenitor enriched fractions could be originated from single stem or progenitor cell, and the number of spheres could indicate the number of original stem/progenitor cells within these enriched fractions. Subsequent in vivo transplantation with single sphere or single solid structure cultured in 3D extracellular matrix derived from green fluorescent protein transgenic mice proved that single sphere or 3D solid structure can repopulate the gland-free mammary fat pad. To conclude, the in vitro mammosphere formation in combination with subsequent differentiation in 3D extracellular matrix can be used as a robust in vitro assay for qualification and quantification of murine mammary stem/progenitor cells. This in vitro assay will greatly facilitate our understanding of genes regulate stem cell self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation as well as mechanisms keeping them at quiescent state within the niche. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-04-02.
Oral vaccines
Authors: Qing Zhu, Jay A. Berzofsky
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Oral vaccines are safe and easy to administer and convenient for all ages. They have been successfully developed to protect from many infectious diseases acquired through oral transmission. We recently found in animal models that formulation of oral vaccines in a nanoparticle-releasing microparticle delivery system is a viable approach for selectively inducing large intestinal protective immunity against infections at rectal and genital mucosae. These large-intestine targeted oral vaccines are a potential substitute for the intracolorectal immunization, which has been found to be effective against rectogenital infections but is not feasible for mass vaccination. Moreover, the newly developed delivery system can be modified to selectively target either the small or large intestine for immunization and accordingly revealed a regionalized immune system in the gut. Future applications and research endeavors suggested by the findings are discussed.
SOLITARY ABSCESS OF THE LEFT LOBE OF THE LIVER SIMULATING ABSCESS IN THE ABDOMINAL WALL.
Authors: CARL C. WARDEN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Thomas J., 44 years of age, had rheumatism ten years ago, from which he made a perfect recovery. He remained in perfect health and continued at active labor until the morning of April 24, 1901, when he complained of nausea and epigastric pain. He took salts and obtained a copious action of the bowels, which, however, did not afford relief. The next day there was a slight chill, some fever, pain and soreness in the epigastrium, anorexia and restlessness. On April 29 the symptoms were more pronounced. There were no subsequent chills, but the temperature had risen to 102.5 and the pulse to 100. Abdominal respiratory movements were free and equal on both sides. In the left epigastrium there was a tumor or bulging of the abdominal wall, circular in outline, hard, circumscribed and exquisitely tender to touch and percussion. The tenderness was very superficial, while deep pressure from below
Account of an Apparatus for Applying Water in the Manner of Irrigation
Authors: J. Macartney
Journal: BMJ (1841)

Sunay, March 1.-I examined the body of a )iephew*of Dr.It died at the age of se'ven months.At three months it was attacked with cough, which continued, notwithstanding all the remnedies used, until its death.The cough was unattended with expectoration, but was sometimes
If you're going to Vegas, watch out for the Texas sharp shooter . . .
Authors: S. J. McNulty, P. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Baru calculates the odds of admitting four or more patients out of 56 with tuberculosis as up to 1 in 41 million and muses on taking this good luck to Vegas.1 The problem with retrospective data trawling is that it is subject to cognitive bias. Such biases include pareidolia (perceiving a significant pattern in vague and random stimuli) and …
Transcarinal needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal adenitis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: G J. Serda, F R. de Castro, J M F. Sanchez-Alarcos, J C. Luna, F D. Lopez, P C. Navarro
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Abstract Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was diagnosed by means of transcarinal needle aspiration via a fibreoptic bronchoscope.
Intravenous injection of a modified vaccinia ankara virus induces intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration favoring tumor control in an orthotopic tumor model upon combinatorial treatment with a TLR9 agonist
Authors: Laetitia Fend, Tanja Gatard-Scheikl, Jacqueline Kintz, Murielle Gantzer, Emmanuelle Schaedler, Karola Rittner, Sandrine Cochin, Sylvie Fournel, Xavier Préville
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts There are many critical steps for the clinical efficacy of antigen-specific T cell-based immunotherapies among which traffic to and access to tumor beds of effector T cells, are the most limiting [[1][1]]. Preclinical research most often uses ectopic mouse tumor models for the
Treatment for PTSD Related to Childhood Abuse: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Marylene Cloitre, K. Chase Stovall-McClough, Kate Nooner, Patty Zorbas, Stephanie Cherry, Christie L. Jackson, Weijin Gan, Eva Petkova
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2010)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to childhood abuse is associated with features of affect regulation and interpersonal disturbances that substantially contribute to impairment. Existing treatments do not address these problems or the difficulties they may pose in the exploration of trauma memories, an efficacious and frequently recommended approach to resolving PTSD. The authors evaluated the benefits and risks of a treatment combining an initial preparatory phase of skills training in affect and interpersonal regulation (STAIR) followed by exposure by comparing it against two control conditions: Supportive Counseling followed by Exposure (Support/Exposure) and skills training followed by Supportive Counseling (STAIR/Support).Participants were women with PTSD related to childhood abuse (N=104) who were randomly assigned to the STAIR/Exposure condition, Support/Exposure condition (exposure comparator), or STAIR/Support condition (skills comparator) and assessed at posttreatment, 3 months, and 6 months.The STAIR/Exposure group was more likely to achieve sustained and full PTSD remission relative to the exposure comparator, while the skills comparator condition fell in the middle (27% versus 13% versus 0%). STAIR/Exposure produced greater improvements in emotion regulation than the exposure comparator and greater improvements in interpersonal problems than both conditions. The STAIR/Exposure dropout rate was lower than the rate for the exposure comparator and similar to the rate for the skills comparator. There were significantly lower session-to-session PTSD symptoms during the exposure phase in the STAIR/Exposure condition than in the Support/Exposure condition. STAIR/Exposure was associated with fewer cases of PTSD worsening relative to both of the other two conditions.For a PTSD population with chronic and early-life trauma, a phase-based skills-to-exposure treatment was associated with greater benefits and fewer adverse effects than treatments that excluded either skills training or exposure.
IL-10 Is Essential For Naturally Occurring Lung CD4+CD25+ T Cell Regulation of Allergen-induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness
Authors: A.A. Joetham, K. Takeda, M. Shigeki, C. Taube, N. Miyahara, T. Koya, A. Dakhama, E. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Reporting Negative Studies in the Mass Media
Authors: Seymour Jablon
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Koren and Klein 1 erred in contrasting the publicity received by a study of occupational radiation exposure at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and our correlation survey of populations living near nuclear facilities. 2 The two studies were not evenly matched, as Koren and Klein presumed.  The material that we summarized in the JAMA article on cancer near nuclear facilities had been released 6 months earlier in three volumes distributed by the National Institutes of Health. 3 Because of congressional interest and the public's need to know, the release of these volumes in September 1990 required a congressional briefing, an executive branch briefing, a press briefing, and a statement for the press. We appeared on several major newscasts, and summaries were published in many major newspapers, including the New York Times (September 20,1990), ie, papers that, as the authors noted, did not report on our JAMA
Book: On the Fabric of the Human Body Book I: The Bones and Cartilages Book II: The Ligaments and Muscles
Authors: J. R Heron
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Andreas Vesalius. Translated by William Frank Richardson in collaboration with John Burd Carman Norman Anatomy, $225, pp 416 ISBN 0 930405 73 0 Norman Anatomy, $250, pp 492 ISBN 0 930405 75 7 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Ease of communication is the touchstone in the fabric of our present lively society. Vesalius possessed this virtue to a consummate degree. By the close integration of text, commentary, and illustration, he gave the renaissance world a definitive anatomical thesis. It proclaimed the science of anatomy, based on precise observation, and it revised and displaced the foundations of the subject set by Galen (AD 130-c200), whose dogma had been … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif