tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of diet on ileostomy function
Authors: T. J. Thomson, J. Runcie, A. Khan
Journal: Gut (1970)

A questionnaire was sent to 5,100 members of the Ileostomy Association of Great Britain and Ireland inviting the members to record their experiences in relation to the function of the ileostomy following on the ingestion of 29 named articles of diet. Nine hundred and fifty-two people, 623 females (65.4%) and 329 males (34.6%), completed the questionnaire satisfactorily. The group showed a close similarity to the total distribution found by the Association with regard to age, sex, and duration of ileostomy. Analysis of the data showed that the great majority of patients with an ileostomy have no difficulty in choosing a diet. The effects of various items of diet on functions of the ileostomy are analysed with special reference to the production of watery flow, upset of timing of filling of the bag, flatulence, pain, and odour. It is concluded that an individual patient with an ileostomy should not omit any article from his diet unless he has found that it repeatedly causes dyspepsia.
Genome-wide Analysis of Histone Methylation Reveals Chromatin State-Based Regulation of Gene Transcription and Function of Memory CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Yasuto Araki, Zhibin Wang, Chongzhi Zang, William H. Wood, Dustin Schones, Kairong Cui, Tae-Young Roh, Brad Lhotsky, Robert P. Wersto, Weiqun Peng, Kevin G. Becker, Keji Zhao, Nan-ping Weng
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Noncontrast T1 Mapping for the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Theodoros D. Karamitsos, Stefan K. Piechnik, Sanjay M. Banypersad, Marianna Fontana, Ntobeko B. Ntusi, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Carol J. Whelan, Saul G. Myerson, Matthew D. Robson, Philip N. Hawkins, Stefan Neubauer, James C. Moon
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Progression of HCC in mice is associated with a downregulation in the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factors
Authors: Natalia L. Lazarevich, Oksana A. Cheremnova, Ekaterina V. Varga, Dmitry A. Ovchinnikov, Elena I. Kudrjavtseva, Olga V. Morozova, Daria I. Fleishman, Natalia V. Engelhardt, Stephen A. Duncan
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNF) play a critical role in development of the liver. Their roles during liver tumorigenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are, however, poorly understood. To address the role of HNFs in tumor progression, we generated a new experimental model in which a highly differentiated slow-growing transplantable mouse HCC (sgHCC) rapidly gives rise in vivo to a highly invasive fast-growing dedifferentiated variant (fgHCC). This in vivo model has allowed us to investigate the fundamental mechanisms underlying HCC progression. A complete loss of cell polarity, a decrease in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion, elevation of telomerase activity, and extinction of liver-specific gene expression accompanies tumor progression. Moreover, cells isolated from fgHCCs acquired the ability to proliferate rapidly in culture. These alterations were coupled with a reduced expression of several liver transcription factors including HNF4, a factor essential for hepatocyte differentiation. Forced re-expression of HNF4α1 in cultured fgHCC cells reversed the progressive phenotype and induced fgHCC cells to re-establish an epithelium and reform cell-ECM contacts. Moreover, fgHCC cells that expressed HNF4α1 also re-established expression of the profile of liver transcription factors and hepatic genes that are associated with a differentiated hepatocyte phenotype. Importantly, re-expression of HNF4α1 in fgHCC reduced the proliferation rate in vitro and diminished tumor formation in congenic recipient mice. In conclusion, loss of HNF4 expression is an important determinant of HCC progression. Forced expression of this factor can promote reversion of tumors toward a less invasive highly differentiated slow-growing phenotype. (Hepatology 2004;39;1038-1047.)
German professor gets three year sentence for corruption and fraud
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The transplant and cancer surgeon Christoph Broelsch, from Essen University Hospital, has been sentenced to three years in prison, the district court in Dusseldorf decided last Friday.

The surgeon, aged 65, was convicted for corruption in 30 cases, fraud in eight cases, coercion in three, and fiscal fraud in two. A probation period is not possible; he will lose his state pension and will probably go to an open prison.

He had pleaded not guilty, and his lawyer has not yet announced whether he will appeal. The …
Merging auditory and visual phonetic information: A critical test for feedback?
Authors: Lawrence Brancazio, Carol A. Fowler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The present description of the Merge model addresses only auditory, not audiovisual, speech perception. However, recent findings in the audiovisual domain are relevant to the model. We outline a test that we are conducting of the adequacy of Merge, modified to accept visual information about articulation.
Should we screen and decolonise contacts of patients with Panton Valentine leukocidin associated Staphylococcus aureus infection?
Authors: L. J. Shallcross, C. N. Mbeledogu, A. C. Hayward
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In the past decade Staphylococcus aureus associated with a toxin called Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL-SA) has emerged worldwide, mainly causing severe skin and soft tissue infections in patients in the community. Multidrug resistant strains have rapidly spread across parts of North America and Australia, resulting in increasingly limited treatment options. In most of Europe surveillance data suggest that PVL associated disease is rare, which may underestimate the role of PVL in mild to moderate skin infections, for which samples for testing are not routinely taken in primary care.

The main strategy to prevent reinfection with or transmission of PVL-SA is stringent hygiene combined with decolonisation treatment. In the United States, where PVL associated strains of meticillin resistant S aureus (MRSA) are commonplace, testing for the PVL toxin is not recommended (table⇓). Decolonisation is considered only when standard infection prevention methods have failed, in recognition of the lack of efficacy data to support eradication of S aureus .1 In England the Health Protection Agency advises a relatively aggressive approach to the management of PVL-SA infection, based on the assumption that cases are mainly rare and severe.2 No international consensus has been reached on whether decolonisation treatment should depend on PVL status, meticillin resistance, or simply the presence of severe and recurrent S aureus infection.

View this table:

US and English guidance on the management of close contacts of an index case infected with PVL associated Staphylococcus …
Association of an Interleukin-1β Genetic Polymorphism With Altered Brain Structure in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Eva M. Meisenzahl, Dan Rujescu, Andre Kirner, Ina Giegling, Norbert Kathmann, Gerda Leinsinger, Klaus Maag, Ulrich Hegerl, Klaus Hahn, Hans-Jürgen Möller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect on brain morphology of an interleukin-1β genetic polymorphism (C→T transition at position –511) in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and genotype analysis were used in the examination of 44 male schizophrenic patients and 48 healthy male comparison subjects. RESULTS: No association between the interleukin-1β polymorphism and schizophrenia was detected. Within the patient group, bifrontal-temporal gray matter volume deficits and generalized white matter tissue deficits in allele 2 carriers (genotype T/T or C/T) were found. In contrast, the interleukin-1β polymorphism had no influence on brain morphology within the healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that allele 2 within the promoter region of the interleukin-1β gene at position –511 contributes to structural brain alterations in patients with schizophrenia.
James Brown Wallace Galloway
Authors: W H Duthie
Journal: BMJ (2006)

served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Normandy, Belgium, and Rhodesia before joining his brother in general practice in Bellshill in industrial Lanarkshire.After retirement in 1978 he did locum work.He was chairman of Lanarkshire Medical Committee for 12 years.In addition to an avid interest in politics, sport, crosswords, and puddings, he supplied family, friends and neighbours with plants annually, and grew show chrysanthemums, winning many prizes locally and nationally.He was chairman of the Scottish Chrysanthemum and Dahlia Society for many years.David survived cancer three times.
310. Discovered Peptide Mediates Specific Binding to Primary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma after Systemic Injection
Authors: Miriam Bockmann, Gero Hilken, Aaron N. Cranston, Matthias Drosten, Bruce A.J. Ponder, Anke Schmidt, Brigitte M. Putzer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The efficient and specific introduction of genes to cancer cells in vivo remains a major challenge for current gene therapy modalities. Peptides possess appropriate properties to serve as tumor targeting agents. Thus, finding new cancer selective peptides directing gene transfer to neoplastic cells by reducing transduction of normal cells is a central goal for molecular targeting. To identify medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) specific peptides, a complex phage display peptide library was intraveniously injected into RET(C634R)-transgenic mice carrying orthotopic MTCs as a clinical relevant model for thyroid cancer. Two rounds of screening on primary tumors yielded multiple copies of a phage that displays a cyclic 7-amio-acid peptide, SRESPHP, with a 3000-fold increase in titer between round one and two. The selected phage showed a highly specific binding to the tumor after systemic administration, whereas binding to other organs such as lung, liver, kidney, and heart was reduced up to 90%. After tail vein injection, homing to the tumor was substantially reduced (to approximately 70%) in the presence of synthetic SRESPHP peptide, indicating that tumor phage interaction strictly depends on the displayed peptide. Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin sections from mice tissues revealed the strongest staining within MTC cells and at the tumor invasion front, suggesting that the SRESPHP-peptide promotes phage internalization in vivo. Thus, the identified peptide is potentially useful to mediate selective gene and/or vector transfer to medullary thyroid tumors.
Telephone services and general practice.
Authors: S Gidda
Journal: BMJ (1991)

in a surgical specialty (or in any specialty, for that matter), it is necessary to sit a stiff entry examination.In general, the ratio of candidates to the places available ranges from 10 to one to 20 to one.Selection is based on the examination results and past academic record.By law, in my specialty, orthopaedics, a training programme entails full time work in wards, outpatient departments, and operating theatres and seminars, tutorials, and formal lectures.Teaching time must amount to at
Obama calls for calm as US ramps up domestic Ebola response
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

In his weekly address to the nation, 18 October, President Barack Obama told Americans that the diagnosis of three cases of Ebola virus disease in the United States did not mean that the country faced an outbreak or epidemic of the disease.

“This is a serious disease,” Obama said, “but we can’t give in to hysteria or fear, because that only makes it harder to get people the accurate information they need. We have to be guided by the science.”

The first case involved Thomas Eric Duncan, a Liberian national, who fell ill with the disease shortly after he arrived in Dallas, Texas, from west Africa in late September. After 11 days in hospital Duncan died 8 October.1

Shortly afterward the disease was diagnosed in two nurses who cared for him. They are now undergoing treatment in …
Childhood Trauma–Specific Reductions in Limbic Gray Matter Volume
Authors: Marieke J. H. Begemann, Maya J. L. Schutte, Iris E. C. Sommer
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
The purification and partial characterization of an insulin-like protein from human serum.
Authors: P L Poffenbarger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

A preparative scheme has been developed for the purification of a trace protein in human serum exhibiting nonsuppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA). This scheme consisted of (a) adsorption chromatography of serum utilizing the sulfonic acid polystyrene resin, Dowex 50, at pH 6.8; (b) (200 gel filtration at pH 8.9; and (c) acrylamide gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous preparative system. Throughout all procedures, NSILA fractionated as a single molecular species approximating 90,000 mol wt. The purified protein exhibited a single band by disk gel electrophoresis, an isoelectric pH approximating 6.2, doublet bands of 90,000 mol mt by analytical sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, and a biologic specific activity approximating 50 mU/mg. Serum somatomedin (sulfation factor) activtiy did not fractionate with NSILA in this scheme, and partially purified NSILA did not stimulate radiosulfate uptake into hypophysectomized rat costal cartilage. This protein appears to represent the major constituent of serum NSILA: its purification and partial characterization provides the first step towards elucidation of its metabolic role.
CANCER OF THE PENIS.
Authors: HENRY H. MORTON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Malignant disease of the penis occurs almost invariably as epithelial carcinoma and begins with about equal frequency on the inner surface of the prepuce or upon the glans. According to Jacobson, its mode of commencement is varied. It appears most frequently as: 1. A wart or warty excrescence. 2. Sometimes, however, it makes its appearance as a small nodule or knot of induration under the surface of the mucous membrane. 3. Again, epithelioma is observed occurring under the form of a superficial excoriation or raw patch, resembling the erosions found in balano-posthitis. 4. It may develop as an ulcer resulting from the transformation of a chancroid or the breaking down of an old cicatrix, or sometimes from a crack or tear on the margin of a tight foreskin. In cases of extreme rarity epithelioma of the penis develops from the extension of the malignant process outwards from the urethra or
Microdystrophin Ameliorates Muscular Dystrophy in the Canine Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Jin-Hong Shin, Xiufang Pan, Chady H Hakim, Hsiao T Yang, Yongping Yue, Keqing Zhang, Ronald L Terjung, Dongsheng Duan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Dystrophin deficiency results in lethal Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Substituting missing dystrophin with abbreviated microdystrophin has dramatically alleviated disease in mouse DMD models. Unfortunately, translation of microdystrophin therapy has been unsuccessful in dystrophic dogs, the only large mammalian model. Approximately 70% of the dystrophin-coding sequence is removed in microdystrophin. Intriguingly, loss of ≥50% dystrophin frequently results in severe disease in patients. To test whether the small gene size constitutes a fundamental design error for large mammalian muscle, we performed a comprehensive study using 22 dogs (8 normal and 14 dystrophic). We delivered the ΔR2-15/ΔR18-19/ΔR20-23/ΔC microdystrophin gene to eight extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscles in six dystrophic dogs using Y713F tyrosine mutant adeno-associated virus (AAV)-9 (2.6 × 10(13) viral genome (vg) particles/muscle). Robust expression was observed 2 months later despite T-cell infiltration. Major components of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DGC) were restored by microdystrophin. Treated muscle showed less inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification. Importantly, therapy significantly preserved muscle force under the stress of repeated cycles of eccentric contraction. Our results have established the proof-of-concept for microdystrophin therapy in dystrophic muscles of large mammals and set the stage for clinical trial in human patients.
Europe plans to standardise rules on tissue engineering
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The European Commission is drafting legislation on tissue engineering to replace the existing patchwork of different national regulations with uniform rules across the European Union.

The initiative is designed to guarantee patient safety and to ensure that tissue engineered products can be marketed without obstacles throughout the European Union to those who need the innovative therapies. It also aims to encourage medical research in an area that can develop new ways of treating diseases …
Effect of reduced energy metabolism and reperfusion on the permeability and morphology of the capillaries of an isolated rete mirabile.
Authors: E A Rasio, M Bendayan, C A Goresky
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The effects of reduction in energy metabolism were explored in the eel rete mirabile, an organ composed predominantly of capillaries. In vitro experiments showed that glycolysis is the major pathway of energy production in this capillary tissue, and that iodoacetate, KCN, and low PO2 in combination markedly reduce its ATP generation. When in situ energy generation was inhibited by this combination during countercurrent perfusion of the arterial and venous capillaries of the rete, an approximate doubling of the intercapillary barrier permeability for human [125I]albumin, [14C]sucrose, and 22Na was found. Structural damage was evident, but the intercellular junctions remained intact. The effect of cessation of flow for 30 minutes, followed by reperfusion, was then explored. Stasis alone altered the structure, chiefly of the venous capillary endothelium, but not the permeability of the intercapillary barrier. Stasis with a hypoxic medium containing the inhibitors of energy generation, followed by reperfusion with oxygenated control medium, resulted in a progressive breakdown of the intercapillary barrier, with a threefold to fourfold increase in solute (labeled albumin, sucrose, and sodium) permeability, evolving during early reperfusion, but no change for labeled water permeability. Morphologically, the endothelial cells, especially those in venous capillaries, showed substantial damage; they appeared vacuolated, their cytoplasm was extracted, and cytoplasmic and membrane debris were found in the lumen; intercellular junctions remained intact. Local pericyte detachment with interstitial edema also appeared. Thus, stasis and reperfusion amplified the effects of reduction in energy generation and hypoxia on both permeability and morphological change.
Adolescents at Risk: Prevalence and Prevention
Authors: Karen Hein
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Once in a while, a book comes along that captures the ideas of a diverse group of people, giving them a common ground for future thinking and planning. Joy Dryfoos'<i>Adolescents at Risk</i>synthesizes research in four seemingly separate spheres of adolescent behavior: delinquency, substance abuse, adolescent pregnancy, and school failure. The strength of the book is the author's refreshing ability to gather information from a variety of sources and create something new that could become the foundation of a rational, practical approach to the alarming state of adolescent health and welfare in America. By first establishing the separate threads of research on each of the four behaviors and then addressing their overlap as the basis of prevention programs, she weaves the final picture of a national strategy to improve programs set up to reach adolescents. The volume is beautifully organized to enable the reader to quickly review an enormous
1172-73 First postoperative day prognosis score in patients undergoing cardiac surgery based on pre-, peri-, and postoperative variables
Authors: Renato V Gomes, Alexandre Rouge, Fernando Aranha, Marco A Fernandes, Pedro Nogueira, Jorge Sabino, Luiz A Campos, Bernardo Tura, Hans F Dohmann, Hans J Dohmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Anemias With Renal Transplantation
Authors: Jorge Roman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Pierce et al (219:1593, 1972) reported lymphomas as a complication of renal transplantation. They stated that in two of their three cases of reticulum cell sarcoma the earliest manifestation of the tumor was a macrocytic anemia which occurred in the presence of maintenance folic acid (PGA) therapy and which, in one case, responded to treatment with folinic acid.  Dossetor et al, in 1964 1 described in one patient the presence of macrocytic anemia and megaloblastic marrow with normal serum levels of vitamin B 12 and folate but reduced red blood cell (RBC) folate levels, in the absence of tumor. They commented on the lack of information on azathioprine interfering with vitamin B 12 action.  In 1965, Mowbray et al 2 reported four transplant patients treated with azathioprine, who developed macrocytic megaloblastic anemia. In one patient, an abnormal formiminoglutamic acid excretion after histidine load suggested interference with folic