tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Long and the Short of Bone Therapy
Authors: Michael P. Whyte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

In 2004, the Surgeon General's report on bone health highlighted osteoporosis as an important and growing national medical problem.1 The authors of this report recognized that identification and treatment of this condition in women and men alike has lagged behind the increasing availability of instruments with which to detect low bone mass and the advancing pharmacologic approaches for prevention and therapy.Lack of compliance with approved drug regimens can hinder progress in the treatment of osteoporosis.2 In this issue of the Journal, from a study that was sponsored, designed, and analyzed by Amgen, McClung et al.3 report on the safety . . .
802 CHARACTERIZATION OF A MAJOR V3 DUPLICATION IN THE NS5A REGION OF GENOTYPE IB HCV BY QUASISPECIES ANALYSIS IN A FRENCH MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: H. Le Guillou-Guillemette, E. Bouthry, A. Pivert, A. Rosenberg, S. Alain, V. Thibault, F. Abravanel, S. Minjolle-Cha, E. André-Garnier, D. Moradpour, C. Henquell, J.-B. Bour, O. Petsaris, Y. Baazia, P. André, P. Trimoulet, C. Gaudy-Graffln, D. Bettinger, H. Saoudin, E. Schvoerer, J. Izopet, C. Payan, F. Lunel-Fabiani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Thrombosis of the Renal Veins and Vena Cava
Authors: Friedrich C. Luft
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Renal vein thrombosis caused the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with morbid obesity. Pulmonary embolism occurred initially, but not after anticoagulants were administered. Surviving for three years, the patient died of profound uremia and hyperosmolar coma. At autopsy, membranous glomerular changes were found. Conclusive exclusion of renal vein thrombosis in the morbidly obese patient with nephrotic syndrome appears advisable.
Ethnic Differences in Frequencies of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) and IL13
Authors: K.M. Donohue, D. Tang, D. Chau, H. Andrews, R. Chen, S. Yadavalli, F. Perera, S. Chanock, R.L. Miller
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Abstract 4358: Notch signaling regulates tumor-induced angiogenesis in SPARC-overexpressed neuroblastoma
Authors: Bharathi Gorantla, Praveen Bhoopathi, Christopher S. Gondi, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Despite existing aggressive treatment modalities, survival for advanced stage neuroblastoma remains poor with significant long-term illness in disease survivors. Advance stage disease features are associated with tumor vascularity, and as such, angiogenesis inhibitors may prove useful along with current therapies. SPARC (also known as BM-40 or osteonectin), a matricellular protein, is known to inhibit the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells stimulated by growth factors and induces endothelial cell apoptosis. Here, we sought to determine the effect of SPARC on neuroblastoma tumor cell-induced angiogenesis and to decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in angiogenesis inhibition. SPARC overexpression in neuroblastoma cells inhibited neo-vascularization in vivo as determined by the mouse dorsal air sac model. In addition, conditioned medium from SPARC-overexpressed neuroblastoma cancer cells (pSPARC-CM) inhibited endothelial tube formation in vitro. SPARC-overexpressed tumor cell conditioned medium decreased proliferation (as determined by MTT assay and Ki-67 immunofluorescence) and induced apoptosis in endothelial cells (as determined by TUNEL assay). Furthermore, SPARC-overexpressed tumor cell conditioned medium inhibited expression of the pro-angiogenic molecules VEGF, FGF, PDFG, and MMP-9 as determined by human angiogenesis-PCR array. In addition to the inhibition of growth factors, SPARC-overexpressed tumor cell conditioned medium inhibited Notch signaling molecules in HMEC cells as determined by Western blotting. Conditioned medium from neuroblastoma cells overexpressed with Notch intracellular domain after SPARC overexpression, induced growth factors and led to increased tube formation in vitro. In vivo endothelial cell death was confirmed by co-localization studies with TUNEL assay, and an endothelial marker, CD31, in tumor sections from SPARC-overexpressed mice. Our data collectively suggest that SPARC overexpression induces endothelial cell apoptosis in vivo and inhibits angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4358. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4358
The Blood Pressure in Midwifery
Authors: W. Radcliffe
Journal: BMJ (1944)

SULPHONAMIDES IN OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM MEBIRTISHIn cases that take longer than 8 days for cure sulphonamide treatment is generally not needed, as the affection is no longer one of purulent ophthalmia but of a rather resistant con- junctivitis with some muco-pus.Thg proper treatment of such cases is still a matter of doubt; some, at any rate, are best left alone.In one case (non-gonorrhoeal) profuse purulent discharge continued for nearly a month in spite of intensive treatment with the various sulphonamides.In another, also non-gonococcal, a false membrane formed on the palpebral conjunctiva of the two lids of one eye, and is disappearing only now, three months later; all active treatment was suspended at the end of the first month, and at no time was there any apparent danger to the cornea.Few relapses have been seen in the present series, and this is perhaps due to the greater initial dosage (0.25 g.) and maintenance dosages of 0.125 g. four-hourly, not only during the active phase of the affection but for three days after apparent clinical cure.Apart from minor toxic effects lno untoward results were observed. Causal OrganismsThe 198 non-gonococcal cases in the present sulphonamide series included 50 in which pus cells only, but no organisms, were found, 52 with various bacilli (mostly diphtheroids), 88 with staphylococci, and 8 with other coccal organisms.Inclu- sion bodies were found 27 times; they occurred twice in association with organisms and 25 times in cases in which no organisms could be found.The actual distribjation of the various organisms in this series, taken together with the 11 cases not treated by sulphonamides (but by newer methods of local therapy), is shown in Table III, which includes comparative figures from the previous series.TABLE III.-Differential Incidence of Organisms in 269 ConsecutiveCases of Ophthalmia Neonatorum treated in the Period Jan. 1
Laplace's Law, Pressure Neuropathy, Tabes Dorsalis, Tic Douloureux, Facial Spasm
Authors: Richard E. Strain
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reference to the recent letters of Donald B. Douglas, MD (227:439, 1974), and Peter J. Jannetta, MD (228:1637, 1974), we would like to present a theoretical explanation for the selective susceptibility of large-diameter axons to pressure-induced neuropathies.<sup>1-3</sup>Although this is not a new observation, the theoretical explanation has been lacking. We suggest that this is due to Laplace's Law<sup>4</sup>that states that in the special situation of a thin-walled cylinder (like an axon), T=P×R where T is the "tension" (stress or force per unit area) in the wall of the cylinder parallel to a circumference; P, the transmural pressure; and R, the radius of the cylinder. For example, consider two cylinders whose transmural pressures are identical but whose radii differ: the larger cylinder will have more tension (stress) in its wall. If this stress is too great, the cylinder's wall, in our case an
Comparisons of the effects on survival after coronary artery surgery in subgroups of patients from the Seattle Heart Watch.
Authors: T A DeRouen, K E Hammermeister, H T Dodge
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We compared the survival of medically and surgically treated coronary artery disease patients in subgroups of patients to determine those most or least likely to benefit from surgery after an average of 5.5 years of follow-up. Cox's regression model for survival analysis was used in conjunction with data from all patients to estimate and test for the significance of the effects of surgery on survival in subgroups of patients, defined by one or more of the following variables: number of stenotic vessels (greater than or equal to 70%), ejection fraction, age, heart murmur, diuretic therapy, ventricular arrhythmia on resting ECG, left main coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50%, previous myocardial infarction, cardiomegaly, congestive heart failure, unstable angina, and functional class. The Cox model adjusts for differences between medical and surgical patients in variables shown to be predictive of survival. A statistically beneficial effect of surgery on survival was seen in patients with two- or three-vessel disease, ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30%, age greater than or equal to 48 years, no heart murmur, no diuretic therapy, no ventricular arrhythmia on resting ECG, left main coronary artery stenosis less than 50%, no cardiomegaly, and no congestive heart failure. The converse subgroups defined by these variables did not show a significant beneficial effect from surgery. However, patient subgroups defined by presence or absence of prior myocardial infarction or unstable angina and New York Heart Association functional class I-II vs III-IV all showed beneficial effects from surgery.
Undetectable Serum IgE Is a Sensitive and Specific Marker of Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
Authors: Monica G. Lawrence, Spencer Payne, Lisa J. Workman, Eva Ronmark, John M. Routes, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Larry Borish
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Identification of seven loci affecting mean telomere length and their association with disease
Authors: Veryan Codd, Christopher P Nelson, Eva Albrecht, Massimo Mangino, Joris Deelen, Jessica L Buxton, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Krista Fischer, Tõnu Esko, Ida Surakka, Linda Broer, Dale R Nyholt, Irene Mateo Leach, Perttu Salo, Sara Hägg, Mary K Matthews, Jutta Palmen, Giuseppe D Norata, Paul F O'Reilly, Danish Saleheen, Najaf Amin, Anthony J Balmforth, Marian Beekman, Rudolf A de Boer, Stefan Böhringer, Peter S Braund, Paul R Burton, Anton J Mde Craen, Matthew Denniff, Yanbin Dong, Konstantinos Douroudis, Elena Dubinina, Johan G Eriksson, Katia Garlaschelli, Dehuang Guo, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Anjali K Henders, Jeanine J Houwing-Duistermaat, Laura Kananen, Lennart C Karssen, Johannes Kettunen, Norman Klopp, Vasiliki Lagou, Elisabeth M van Leeuwen, Pamela A Madden, Reedik Mägi, Patrik K E Magnusson, Satu Männistö, Mark I McCarthy, Sarah E Medland, Evelin Mihailov, Grant W Montgomery, Ben A Oostra, Aarno Palotie, Annette Peters, Helen Pollard, Anneli Pouta, Inga Prokopenko, Samuli Ripatti, Veikko Salomaa, H Eka D Suchiman, Ana M Valdes, Niek Verweij, Ana Viñuela, Xiaoling Wang, H-Erich Wichmann, Elisabeth Widen, Gonneke Willemsen, Margaret J Wright, Kai Xia, Xiangjun Xiao, Dirk J van Veldhuisen, Alberico L Catapano, Martin D Tobin, Alistair S Hall, Alexandra I F Blakemore, Wiek H van Gilst, Haidong Zhu, Jeanette Erdmann, Muredach P Reilly, Sekar Kathiresan, Heribert Schunkert, Philippa J Talmud, Nancy L Pedersen, Markus Perola, Willem Ouwehand, Jaakko Kaprio, Nicholas G Martin, Cornelia M van Duijn, Iiris Hovatta, Christian Gieger, Andres Metspalu, Dorret I Boomsma, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, P Eline Slagboom, John R Thompson, Tim D Spector, Pim van der Harst, Nilesh J Samani
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
THE NATURE AND CAUSATION OF THE SKIN PIGMENTATION IN HAEMOCHROMATOSIS
Authors: F. F. HELLIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1935)

Journal Article THE NATURE AND CAUSATION OF THE SKIN PIGMENTATION IN HÆMOCHROMATOSIS Get access F. F. HELLIER F. F. HELLIER Medical Registrar and Tutor, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 47, Issue 1, 1 January 1935, Pages 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1935.tb09807.x Published: 01 January 1935
Medications for Alcohol Use Disorders—Reply
Authors: Daniel E. Jonas, Cynthia Feltner, James C. Garbutt
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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Endomyocardial biopsy in dilated cardiomyopathy: Essential or obsolete?
Authors: Peter M. Seferović, Stepan Stepanović, Ružica Makslmović, Miodrag Ostojić, Slavko Simeunović, Vladimir Kanjuh, Jovan D. Vestjović, Arzen Ristić, Nentad Ziatarić
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
595. Nasal Delivery of Adenovirus Expressing the Ebola Glycoprotein Protects Mice Against Ebola Virus in the Presence of Preexisting Immunity to the Vaccine Carrier
Authors: Maria Croyle, Heinz Feldmann, Steven Jones, James M. Wilson, Gary P. Kobinger
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus has drawn increasing interest in the past years due to an augmentation in the number of natural outbreaks and its potential use as a bioterror agent. To date, only vaccine based on Vesicular Stomatitis virus and Adenovirus as the vaccine carrier have successfully protected nonhuman primates against a lethal dose of Ebola virus. Adenovirus vector derived from human adenovirus serotype 5 (AdHu5) has the advantage of having a well document track record following in vivo administration to thousand of individuals in different clinical trials. However, natural exposure to Adenovirus may result in the generation of a potent immunity capable of compromising adenovirus-based vaccine efficacy. 30 to 50% of the human population in North America has levels of serum antibodies that can neutralize relatively high doses of AdHu5. The present study evaluated mucosal vaccination of mice with AdHu5 expressing the Ebola glycoprotein (Ad-EboGP) and the impact of pre-existing immunity to the Adenovirus vector on vaccine efficacy. Intramuscular (I.M.), oral or nasal administration of Ad-EboGP fully protected mice against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted Ebola virus. However, oral or I.M. vaccination of mice pretreated with pooled human antibodies, mimicking the presence of pre-existing immunity as evidenced by neutralizing antibody (NAB) to AdHu5 in mice sera, resulted in 0 to 10% survival after challenge with mouse-adapted Ebola virus. Interestingly, nasalvaccination with Ad-EboGP was protective even in the presence of preexisting immunity and resulted in 100% survival with no weight loss after challenge with Ebola virus. In untreated mice, T (INF-γ positive CD8 T cells following peptide re-stimulation) and B cell (NAB) responses were detected in all EboGP vaccinated groups although both responses were lower in mice receiving oral or nasal immunization when compared to mice administered I.M.. The presence of pre-existing immunity severely compromised the T and B cell responses in mice vaccinated orally or I.M. but not in mice receiving nasal immunization. Interestingly, PEGylation of the adenovirus vector partially rescued the B cell response but diminished the T cell response after oral vaccination of mice with pre-existing immunity and failed to improve survival. This study highlights the importance of vaccine delivery routes with regards to efficacy in the presence or absence of pre-existing immunity and provides new evidence for successful vaccination with AdHu5 and possibly readministration. James Wilson had equity in Targeted Genetics at the time of the study.
Immunoreactivity of patient with colorectal cancer metastasis after immunisation with anti-idiotypes
Authors: Hans Loibner, Rainer Plot, Antal Rot, Gudrun Werner, Michael Wrann, Hellmut Samonigg, Marianne Schmid, Herbert Stöger, Martin Truschnig, Dorothee Herlyn, Hilary Koprowski
Journal: The Lancet (1990)
Corrosive Gastritis after Formaldehyde Ingestion
Authors: Manuel Roy, Mario A. Calonje, Ramon Mouton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

ALTHOUGH the subject of corrosive gastritis has been well presented previously, only 1 other case resulting from formaldehyde ingestion has been reported in the American literature.1 Therefore, it seems appropriate to add this case report to the literature.Case ReportA 41-year-old man was admitted to Charity Hospital, New Orleans, on July 29, 1961, as an emergency, after the ingestion of formaldehyde in a suicidal attempt after a period of depression. He stated that he had drunk 1/2 pint (240 ml.) of 37 per cent formaldehyde and because of the severe pains in the stomach reported to the hospital within . . .
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization in patients at seven hemodialysis centers
Authors: Jerome I. Tokars, Todd Gehr, William R. Jarvis, John Anderson, Nancy Armistead, Elaine R. Miller, Joan Parrish, Sadaf Qaiyumi, Matthew Arduino, Stacey C. Holt, Fred C. Tenover, Glennis Westbrook, Paul Light
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Inferring Phylogenetic Networks by the Maximum Parsimony Criterion: A Case Study
Authors: G. Jin, L. Nakhleh, S. Snir, T. Tuller
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) may result in genes whose evolutionary histories disagree with each other, as well as with the species tree. In this case, reconciling the species and gene trees results in a network of relationships, known as the "phylogenetic network" of the set of species. A phylogenetic network that incorporates HGT consists of an underlying species tree that captures vertical inheritance and a set of edges which model the "horizontal" transfer of genetic material. In a series of papers, Nakhleh and colleagues have recently formulated a maximum parsimony (MP) criterion for phylogenetic networks, provided an array of computationally efficient algorithms and heuristics for computing it, and demonstrated its plausibility on simulated data. In this article, we study the performance and robustness of this criterion on biological data. Our findings indicate that MP is very promising when its application is extended to the domain of phylogenetic network reconstruction and HGT detection. In all cases we investigated, the MP criterion detected the correct number of HGT events required to map the evolutionary history of a gene data set onto the species phylogeny. Furthermore, our results indicate that the criterion is robust with respect to both incomplete taxon sampling and the use of different site substitution matrices. Finally, our results show that the MP criterion is very promising in detecting HGT in chimeric genes, whose evolutionary histories are a mix of vertical and horizontal evolution. Besides the performance analysis of MP, our findings offer new insights into the evolution of 4 biological data sets and new possible explanations of HGT scenarios in their evolutionary history.
Tietze's Disease Predates 'Chest Wall Syndrome'
Authors: Carl Jelenko
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article "Chest Wall Syndrome: A Common Cause of Unexplained Cardiac Pain" by Epstein et al (241:2793, 1979) describes a symptom-sign complex in which neuromusculoskeletal derangements mimic cardiac disease. That the patient group was at a specialized tertiary care center may have contributed to the highly sophisticated, extensive, costly and (in the cases of the 12 patients described) perhaps unnecessary diagnostic evaluations the authors detailed. However, I was greatly interested in the article because of its neglect of an entity probably more commonly experienced in real-world community practice: peristernal perichondritis (Tietze's syndrome<sup>1</sup>). In 1974, I described the first reported cases of Tietze's syndrome affecting the xiphisternal joint<sup>2</sup>and, in 1977, analyzed 24 cases of xiphisternal perichondritis.<sup>3</sup>The disease has protean manifestations and is a mimic of severe cardiac, pulmonary, intra-abdominal, and other diseases. Among our patients, who ranged in age from 18 to 72
Tools used to measure airway remodelling in research
Authors: C. Bergeron, M. K. Tulic, Q. Hamid
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Airway remodelling refers to changes in the airway structure and includes subepithelial fibrosis, increased smooth muscle mass, submucosal gland enlargement, neovascularisation and epithelial alterations. Remodelling is observed in response to chronic injury and is seen not only in asthma but in all airway diseases. Remodelling is associated with more severe airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma; however, the clinical significance of this is still a matter of debate. Research should be pursued to better understand the accurate implication of airway remodelling in disease and its therapeutic modulation. To allow research in this field, accurate and standardised methods should be utilised to measure airway alterations in disease and following therapy. The standard detection of structural alterations is through direct analyses of airway tissues obtained during a post mortem, surgically or by flexible bronchoscopy. To avoid invasive techniques, other tools have been developed to indirectly measure remodelling, including induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, blood and urine analyses, physiological and radiological assessments, as well as in vitro techniques. Although of great interest, the exact significance of airway remodelling measurements gained through such indirect techniques is uncertain and further research is needed. Despite their invasive nature, direct methods should be favoured to adequately measure airway remodelling in disease and its modulation by therapy.
Reflection on the Problem of Headache
Authors: Arnold P. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

AT A MEETING of the Section on Nervous and Mental Diseases in San Francisco in 1946, Charles Brenner, H. Houston Merritt, and I presented a report on "The Management of Patients with Chronic Headache."<sup>1</sup>In the intervening 18 years, some progress has been made in our knowledge about headache—its causes, mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatment. But the intensive study by many investigators has raised more questions than it has answered. The advances may be briefly summarized as follows: (1) We now recognize the role of the patient's personality and life experiences in the causation of headache. (2) More is known about the pathophysiology and the pain-inducing biochemical changes in the tissues in and around the head and the agents affecting the physiologic and biochemical factors in the headache patient. (3) We have devised a useful classification of headache. (4) Finally, progress has been made in the treatment of chronic
Repeated equally effective suberythemogenic exposures to ultraviolet (UV)A1 or narrowband UVB induce similar changes of the dermoscopic pattern of acquired melanocytic nevi that can be prevented by high-protection UVA-UVB sunscreens
Authors: Ausilia Maria Manganoni, Giovanna Tucci, Marina Venturini, Camillo Farisoglio, Pier Giacomo Calzavara-Pinton
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)