tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fallacy and Hazard
Authors: John C. Ballin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

MORE than two decades ago, A. T. W. Simeons began using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of obesity. Simeons, a British-trained physician practicing in Rome, postulated that HCG injections might lead to better adherence to a calorie-restricted diet, fewer symptoms during the period of food restriction, and more rapid mobilization and loss of what he called "abnormal" fat. He described a slower return to obesity in the posttreatment period. The "Simeons regimen" consists of daily intramuscular injections of 125 international units (IU) of HCG six times a week until a total of 40 injections have been given. The drug regimen is accompanied by a 500-calorie diet given in two daily meals. Daily interviews with the patient are designed to review the program and to encourage progress. The Simeons Clinic in Rome has gained international attention, and the "regimen" is now being used in a rapidly expanding chain of
Lead, Health Food, and Leukemia-Reply
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In the patient's reminiscence, Dr Schwarz came off as the hero who had finally solved the problem of a long, miserable illness. His own recollection is colored otherwise. He states that he made a diagnosis of lead poisoning over the telephone based on "a rather inaccurate semiquantitative screening technique." He notes that the patient did not submit to a diagnostic test with EDTA; however, she had been advised that the drug might produce severe toxic reaction. Later during a febrile illness, a well known toxicologist observed that "she excreted 0.25 mg of lead in her urine in 24 hours. The excretion of this much lead is almost always associated with symptoms of lead poisoning. This opinion was further supported by the finding of stippled erythrocytes." These findings, the demonstration of lead contamination of the health food, and the patient's syndrome would seem to make the diagnosis of lead
Air Pressure to Speed up Blood Transfusions
Authors: William P. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. William S. Howland has commented inThe Journal(Nov. 26, p. 1754) concerning an editorial (July 2, p. 1032), entitled "Use of Air Pressure to Speed up Blood Transfusion." I am writing to support his contention that the administration of blood under air pressure is not only a safe method when properly administered, but often a desirable one, particularly as a time saver. During the past 35 years I have given more than 3,000 transfusions of blood, largely in patients with diseases of the blood, using air pressure to administer 500 ml. of blood within 12 to 15 minutes. There have been no adverse reactions or fatalities as a result of the transfusions. In recent years I have also given bank blood from plastic bags using pressure on the bag in order to produce a similar result. It is stated in the editorial that a report
A composite adenoma and carcinoid tumor in a single rectal polyp
Authors: F. Kuang-I, Y. Sano, H. Kon, H. Ikematsu, Y. Kaji, T. Fujimori
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 64-year-old woman was referred to our endoscopic unit for investigation of abdominal pain. At colonoscopy we found a sessile polyp, 15 mm in diameter, in the middle part of the rectum (Figure [1]). Magnified chromoendoscopy using 0.2 % indigo carmine dye revealed a type IV pit pattern according to Kudo’s classification, suggesting that the polyp was a good candidate for endoscopic resection. However, this polyp seemed to be taller than an ordinary sessile polyp, and a biopsy forceps was used to determine how hard it was. This revealed that the polyp was elastically harder than an ordinary adenomatous polyp. Eventually, excisional biopsy of the polyp was performed by endoscopic mucosal resection rather than by snare polypectomy, and this procedure was uneventful. Histologically, the tumor was found to consist of adenoma arising from the mucosal layer, which showed transition to carcinoid tumor, mainly in the submucosal layer (Figure [2]). Because there was evidence of both lymphatic and venous invasion of tumor cells in the carcinoid component of the tumor, additional surgery was performed as a curative measure. No local residual tumor or lymph node metastasis was found.
Tricyclic Antidepressant Poisoning
Authors: Jack S. Burks
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Two patients with coma, choreoathetoid movements, and myoclonus were found to be poisoned with tricyclic antidepressants. Physostigmine salicylate, a centrally active anticholinergic agent, promptly reversed the neurologic abnormalities. It appears to be the drug of choice in tricyclic antidepressant poisoning as well as in treating classical anticholinergic intoxication. It is relatively safe and can be used as a diagnostic test for suspected poisoning from these agents. These cases also support the cholinergic deficiency/dopaminergic excess hypothesis of chorea.  ( JAMA 230:1405-1407, 1974)
NIH Funds Creation of Database of Cellular Signatures
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ASSAY OF FACTORS OF THE KININ SYSTEM IN PLASMA FROM PATIENTS WITH SPECIFIC, EXOGENOUS ALLERGIES
Authors: KJELL BRISEID, ELLEN‐KARINE QVIGSTAD, MARIT ENGELSTAD, PER LAGERLØV, FRED LANGE‐NIELSEN
Journal: Allergy (1976)

Factors of significance for the release of kinin were estimated in plasma from patients with specific, exogenous allergies and in that from healthy individuals. There was no evidence that the rapid initial kinin release in plasma from allergic patients caused by submaximum concentrations of hog pancreas kalikrein or by acetone-activated human plasma (2) was due to an increased level of prekallikrein activator (activated factor XII), to prekallikrein itself or to a factor possibly positioned between active factor XII and prekallikrein. In addition, the rapid halt in kinin release observed for the patient plasma could not be ascribed to an increased level of alpha2-macroglobulin, CI-inactivator or alpha1-antitrypsin. It is suggested that the differences in kinin release registered between the patient plasma and the normal plasma might reflect differences in the relative amounts of kininogen fractions present.
THE PHYSIOLOGIC EXPLANATION OF THE CHANGES IN THE CORONARY CIRCULATION FOLLOWING PROLONGED AORTICO-CORONARY SINUS ANASTOMOSIS 1
Authors: Alvin A. Bakst, Rosario Maniglia, Charles P. Bailey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1956)

This is a report of the physiologic changes in the coronary circulation which are precipitated by prolonged periods of arterialization of the coronary sinus. Initial experiments pertaining to the physiology of the coronary circulation of dogs in which the coronary sinus had been arterialized for four to eight weeks demonstrated a protection to the heart against ventricular fibrillation, following sudden occlusion of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. In this group of animals, the myocardium was perfused in retrograde fashion with extraction of oxygen from the blood flowing backward, and the intercoronary collateral flow was increased (1-3). Subsequently, two series of animals were studied six and twelve months respectively after arterialization of the coronary sinus, to determine whether the retroperfusion of the myocardium, and the protection to the heart against ventricular fibrillation persisted.
Instillation of Six Different Ultrafine Carbon Particles Indicates a Surface Area Threshold Dose for Acute Lung Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Tobias Stoeger, Claudia Reinhard, Shinji Takenaka, Andreas Schroeppel, Erwin Karg, Baerbel Ritter, Joachim Heyder, Holger Schulz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Increased levels of particulate air pollution are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Some epidemiologic and toxicologic research suggests ultrafine particles (UFPs) (&lt; 100 nm) to be more harmful per unit mass than larger particles. Our study was aimed at a quantitative comparison of acute adverse effects of different types of carbonaceous UFPs at a dose range that causes a moderate inflammatory response in lungs. We used six different particle types (primary particle size 10–50 nm, specific surface area 30–800 m2/g, and organic content 1–20%): PrintexG, Printex90, flame soot particles with different organic content (SootL, SootH), spark-generated ultrafine carbon particles (ufCP), and the reference diesel exhaust particles (DEP) SRM1650a. Mice were instilled with 5, 20, and 50 μg of each particle type, and bronchoalveolar lavage was analyzed 24 hr after instillation for inflammatory cells and the level of proinflammatory cytokines. At respective mass-doses, particle-caused detrimental effects ranked in the following order: ufCP &gt; SootL ≥ SootH &gt; Printex90 &gt; PrintexG &gt; DEP. Relating the inflammatory effects to the particle characteristics—organic content, primary particle size, or specific surface area—demonstrates the most obvious dose response for particle surface area. Our study suggests that the surface area measurement developed by Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller is a valuable reference unit for the assessment of causative health effects for carbonaceous UFPs. Additionally, we demonstrated the existence of a threshold for the particle surface area at an instilled dose of approximately 20 cm2, below which no acute proinflammatory responses could be detected in mice.
A Relapsing Inflammatory Syndrome and Active Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection
Authors: Lorenzo Dagna, Francesco Broccolo, Carlo T. Paties, Marina Ferrarini, Loredana Sarmati, Luisa Praderio, Maria Grazia Sabbadini, Paolo Lusso, Mauro S. Malnati
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We describe an immunocompetent 61-year-old woman who was negative for human immunodeficiency virus and who had recurrent human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection associated with a relapsing systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, edema, arthrosynovitis, and rash. Kaposi's sarcoma developed 10 months after the initial clinical presentation. A correlation was documented between the recurrent clinical manifestations and the HHV-8 load in plasma and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. Histologic examination of an enlarged lymph node heavily infected with HHV-8 revealed an atypical lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by paracortical hyperplasia and collapsed primary and secondary follicles.
Primary Thrombocythemia and Acute Leukemia
Authors: Laszlo Boros
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> There has been considerable recent interest in studying patients with leukemic transformation of essential thrombocythemia (ET).<sup>1,2</sup>It is difficult to know the incidence of such malignant change, since many patients with ET are not hospitalized and are not reported to a central registry. Nevertheless, some idea of relative incidence is available from an exhaustive review of all adult patients with nonlymphocytic leukemia in the entire community of Rochester, NY (population, 241,741; 1980 US census).<sup>3</sup>There were 277 cases diagnosed from January 1975 to February 1982. Eleven patients had a myeloproliferative disorder (other than chronic myelogenous leukemia) predating the development of leukemia. Two had ET, two had myeloid metaplasia, and seven had polycythemia vera (PV) (Table). <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.—</h3> A 72-year-old man had several episodes of transient numbness and weakness of the left arm and leg that resolved spontaneously. His hemoglobin level was
An American Medical Temperance Society.
Authors: N. S. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Several months since the undersigned received a communication from the Secretary of the British Medical Temperance Association, suggesting the formation of a similar organization in this country and the establishment of fraternal relations between them. The British Medical Temperance Association was organized in 1876, in London, with thirty members and Dr. Edmunds as President. It now embraces about five hundred members, with Dr. B. W. Richardson as President, and Dr. J. J. Ridge, Secretary. Among its members are many of the more eminent members of the profession in that country, and it has exerted a wide and most beneficial influence. The objects of the Association are declared to be " to advance the practice of total abstinence in and through the medical profession, to promote investigation as to the action of alcohol in health and disease, and to constitute a bond of union among medical abstainers scattered all
Lack of HIV Transmission in a Dental Practice
Authors: David L. Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 June 1995Lack of HIV Transmission in a Dental PracticeDavid L. LewisDavid L. LewisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-12-199506150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the study of the Miami dental practice [1], only 20% of the patients were tested, allowing one to assess only whether a cluster of perhaps five or more nosocomial infections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurred. Moreover, of the four patients with no identified risk factors suggesting the possibility of nosocomial infection, only two were available for molecular studies.The authors assumed that “given that intense publicity. most dental patients with HIV infection would have been reported to HRS (Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services).” Approximately 10 persons who suspected that they were infected (most ...References1. Jaffe HW, McCurdy JM, Kalish ML, Liberti T, Metellus G, Bowman BH, et al. Lack of HIV transmission in the practice of a dentist with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:855-9. Google Scholar2. Gerberding JL. Reducing occupational risk of HIV infection. Hosp Pract. 1991; 26:103-18. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David L. Lewis PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGunshot WoundsSterilizing dental equipmentResistance of microorganisms to disinfection in dental and medical devices 15 June 1995Volume 122, Issue 12 Page: 960 Keywords Blood Hepatitis B HIV HIV infections Medical risk factors Nosocomial infections Pathogens Pediatric infections Risk management Saliva ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
I Can't Be Bothered
Authors: Faith Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

On Being a Doctor19 February 2008I Can't Be BotheredFaith Fitzgerald, MDFaith Fitzgerald, MDFrom the University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-4-200802190-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail When I get a telephone call from a patient, it always begins with the same words: “I hate to bother you, but … .”A student calls me: “I know how busy you are, and I hate to bother you, but I'm really in trouble and need to talk to you … .”I discover on my early morning rounds that a patient, for whom I am the attending on the general medicine teaching service at my academic hospital, died several hours ago. The death was expected, but I had emphasized to the housestaff and nurses that I wanted to ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817.Corresponding Author: Faith Fitzgerald, MD, University of California, Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 2400, Sacramento, CA 95817; e-mail, faith.[email protected]ucdavis.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 February 2008Volume 148, Issue 4Page: 317-318KeywordsAcademic medicineEmergency departmentExerciseHeadachesHospital medicineHospitalsIntensive care unitsLipid screeningMammographyNurses ePublished: 19 February 2008 Issue Published: 19 February 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A human urine-derived interleukin 1 inhibitor. Homology with deoxyribonuclease I.
Authors: D L Rosenstreich, J H Tu, P R Kinkade, I Maurer-Fogy, J Kahn, R W Barton, P R Farina
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

We have previously reported that the urine of febrile humans contained large quantities of an inhibitor of IL-1-induced murine thymocyte proliferation that was a glycoprotein between 30 and 40 kD in size. In the present study this factor has been purified to homogeneity using a sequence of eight purification steps (ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, molecular sieve chromatography, hydrophobic affinity chromatography, hydroxylapatite chromatography, fast protein liquid chromatography, and two HPLC steps). SDS-PAGE analysis indicates that the purified material is a 38-kD molecule. Evidence based on a partial amino acid sequence analysis as well as enzyme studies indicates that this inhibitor is a type of human DNase I.
Are there preoperative predictors for invasive disease in DCIS?.
Authors: K McArdle, S Shokuhi, Y Chan, L Vishwanath, H Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3014 Introduction: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is defined as a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells within breast ducts without evidence of invasion through the basement membrane. Core needle biopsy (CNB) is used to sample both symptomatic and screen detected breast lesions preoperatively. However in a proportion of patients invasive disease is identified following surgical excision and as a result an upstaged patient may need to undergo additional surgery for axillary nodal evaluation such as sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Our aim was to evaluate predictive factors for invasive disease in this group.&amp;#x2028; Method: Data from all patients with preoperative diagnosis of DCIS on core biopsy between February 2006 and December 2007 were analysed. Demographic data, screening /symptomatic presentation, palpability, size and histological features of DCIS on core biopsy including presence/absence of comedo necrosis, size of post operative invasion when present and result of axillary staging in this group was recorded. All patients with invasive disease had axillary staging.&amp;#x2028; Results: A total of 75 patients were identified (all female), median age 63 (range 38-77). 72% (54/75) were screen detected. All palpable lesions were in the symptomatic group (13/19). Invasive disease was identified in 18 (24%) on post operative histology (2 micro-invasions). Only one patient with invasive disease had axillary involvement.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Invasive disease was significantly higher in symptomatic and palpable lesions (P=0.04). Size of the lesion was significantly larger in the invasive group (P=0.04). High grade histology or presence of comedo necrosis was not a predictor of invasive disease in our series.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: A quarter of patients were upstaged and required axillary staging. 50% of symptomatic, palpable lesions larger than 20mm were found to be invasive on final histology, this group accounted for the only positive axilla. Symptomatic patients presenting with large, palpable areas of DCIS should be considered for axillary ultrasound scan and/or SLNB. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3014.
Bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats stimulates eNOS-derived NO production and impairs mesenteric vascular contractility
Authors: R. Wiest, S. Das, G. Cadelina, G. Garcia-Tsao, S. Milstien, R.J. Groszmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the arterial vasodilation and associated vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors observed in liver cirrhosis. Bacteria, potent activators of NO and TNF-α synthesis, are found in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of ascitic cirrhotic rats. Here, we investigated the impact of bacterial translocation (BT) to MLNs on TNF-α production, vascular NO release, and contractility in the mesenteric vasculature of ascitic cirrhotic rats. Vascular response to the α-adrenoagonist methoxamine, which is diminished in the superior mesenteric arterial beds of cirrhotic rats, is further blunted in the presence of BT. BT promoted vascular NO release in cirrhotic rats, an effect that depended on pressure-induced shear stress and was blocked by the NO inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine. Removing the endothelium had the same effect. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), but not the inducible isoform (iNOS), was present in mesenteric vasculature of cirrhotic rats with and without BT, and its expression was enhanced compared with controls. TNF-α was induced in MLNs by BT and accumulated in parallel in the serum. This TNF-α production was associated with elevated levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a TNF-α–stimulated cofactor and enhancer of eNOS-derived NO biosynthesis and NOS activity in mesenteric vasculature. These findings establish a link between BT to MLNs and increased TNF-α production and elevated BH4 levels enhancing eNOS-derived NO overproduction, further impairing contractility in the cirrhotic mesenteric vasculature.
Older people who self harm need long term follow-up to reduce suicide risk
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Older people who harm themselves are at a much greater risk of suicide than are people of the same age in the general population and three times as likely to take their own life than are younger people who self harm, a study has found.

The findings point to the need for hospitals to adhere to existing guidance on the treatment of older people who self harm and not to discharge patients from the emergency department before they have been assessed by a mental health specialist trained to assess the risks and needs in this age group, says an accompanying editorial.

Researchers from the University of Manchester followed 1177 people over the age …