tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypertension and Diabetes in Blacks
Authors: Janice G Douglas
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on the interrelationship between non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension in our attempt to explore the pathophysiology of the high incidence of diabetes and hypertension in the Black population in the United States. A central role for hyperinsulinemia is proposed, and questions are raised that are suitable for investigative clinical trials.
Exacerbation of psoriasis with GM-CSF therapy
Authors: R. Kelly, R.A. Marsden, D. Bevan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Exacerbation of psoriasis with GM‐CSF therapy Get access R. Kelly, R. Kelly Department of Dermatology, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 OQT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Marsden, R.A. Marsden Department of Dermatology, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 OQT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Bevan D. Bevan Department of Haematology, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 OQT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 4, 1 April 1993, Pages 468–469, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00218.x Published: 01 April 1993
559 PREVALENCE, VIRAL REPLICATION EFFICIENCY AND DRUG SENSITIVITY TOWARDS ADEFOVIR OF Q215 POLYMERASE MUTATIONS IN THE HEPATITIS B VIRUS GENOME
Authors: U. Herbers, S. Amini-Bavil-Olyaee, S.R. Mohebbi, F. Sabahi, M.R. Zali, C. Trautwein, F. Tacke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA IN NORTHERN NEGRO
Authors: R. Allyn Moser
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Prior to 1923, four cases of sickle cell anemia had been reported. During May, 1923, Huck reported fourteen cases and Sydenstricker, Mulherin and Hauseal reported two cases. In July, 1924, Sydenstricker reported a series of eighty cases. All reported cases have apparently been in Southern negroes. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —C. T., a negro, aged 38, with a small admixture of Indian blood on his maternal side, entered the University Hospital, June 16, 1924, complaining of abnormal pain localized in the right iliac region. He knew very little of his family history, as both parents died when he was a child. He had one sister living and well, three daughters living and well, and had lost no children. He was born in northern Kansas (Leavenworth), where he resided until 8 years ago, and since then he had lived in South Dakota and Nebraska. He had "yellow jaundice" at the age
Uruguay legalises sale and production of marijuana
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Uruguay has become the first country to legalise growing, selling, and smoking marijuana, in the face of criticism by the United Nations drugs body, which said that the move was irresponsible and contradicted international drug treaties.

Under the new law, approved by Uruguay’s 30 member Senate on Tuesday 10 December by 16 to 13 votes, adult users registered on a government database will be able to buy a maximum of 40 g a month from pharmacies. They will also be allowed to grow …
Climate change will have greatest health impact on poor, report warns
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Climate change will have much more far reaching effects on health than predicted, with the greatest impact on the world’s poorest people, warns a year long investigation published this week.

“Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century,” warns Antony Costello, professor of international child health at the Institute for Global Health, University College London, and lead author of the report. “Climate change is a health issue affecting billions of people, not just an environmental issue about polar bears and deforestation.”

The report summarises the findings from a year long commission held jointly between the Lancet and the University …
MODERATE DEGREES OF PELVIC CONTRACTION AND THEIR OBSTETRIC PROBLEMS
Authors: FREDERICK E. LEAVITT
Journal: JAMA (1913)

While it may be true that the management of normal labor demands but little knowledge of obstetrics, and that childbirth under most circumstances will terminate favorably, it is unquestionably true that only a good knowledge of obstetrics will qualify a physician to meet successfully the difficulties which arise from time to time in the practice of this specialty. Indeed, thanks to modern surgery, our art has developed to a degree at which no condition contingent on gestation or parturition may occur which has no remedy. I do not say that the right thing is always done, or that any of us is so skilful as never to fail, but I do insist that every pregnant woman may reasonably expect to bring forth a live child. Perhaps I should qualify this statement to read: every woman pregnant with a viable child. Marked contractions of the pelvis have clearly indicated but one
Daily Stressors and Systemic Lupus erythematosus: A Longitudinal Analysis – First Findings
Authors: E.M. Wekking, A.J.J.M. Vingerhoets, A.P. van Dam, J.C. Nossent, A.J.J.G. Swaak
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a comparison group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) completed the Dutch Everyday Problem Checklist and the Dutch Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale measuring physical and psychosocial aspects of illness. Both scales were completed 9 times at 6-week intervals. In addition several hematological and serological parameters were assayed. Analysis over several time points resulted in only weak correlations between the variables under study. The most remarkable finding of this study was that in SLE patients number and intensity of daily stressors are more strongly related to physical and psychosocial status than in RA patients.
The Human Mind
Authors: I. McClure
Journal: BMJ (2003)

BBC 1, 1 to 15 October at 9 pm Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Robert Winston has developed his television career beyond the wildest dreams of previous media doctors. First appearing in powerful human interest documentaries, rooted in his specialty of obstetrics, he has now transmuted into a TV icon. Introducing this, his latest three part series, Winston said he was going to take us to where no TV doc had been before, to “the final frontier” of medical science, “the human mind.” But hold on a minute, what's an obstetrician doing talking about the brain? Has Winston strayed too far from his home turf? Would this series be his final frontier? Until recently, television tackled medical science in a pretty formal way. In the 1970s, in The Body in Question , Jonathan Miller worthily analysed the history of … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Genetic contribution to postpartum haemorrhage
Authors: Y.-S. Chong, C. Chi, J. D. Holbrook
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Taking a family history from all pregnant women could save lives

Childbirth can be hazardous. Without modern medical interventions, one in two hundred women died in childbirth in the United Kingdom as late as the 1930s.1 These alarming rates persist today in areas where resources are scarce and births are unattended by skilled health workers.2 Not every birth can be attended by a health worker or take place in a maternity unit, even in developed countries. The best we can do is to suggest that women at particular risk for postpartum haemorrhage, the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide,2 should be managed in settings where interventions for excessive bleeding during childbirth are available and judiciously used. There is good evidence that use of oxytocin at delivery prevents primary postpartum haemorrhage3 and that various medical and surgical interventions, including timely blood transfusion, can prevent death from postpartum haemorrhage.4

In a linked article, Oberg and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.g4984) give us some valuable new insights on how to identify women who are more likely to require these interventions.5 Currently, we do not know how to reliably stratify women at risk for postpartum haemorrhage. …
Circulating Cell Adhesion Molecules and Death in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Stefan Blankenberg, Hans J. Rupprecht, Christoph Bickel, Dirk Peetz, Gerd Hafner, Laurence Tiret, Jürgen Meyer
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and E-selectin mediate adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes to the vascular endothelial wall and may promote plaque growth and instability. In a prospective study, we evaluated the effect of soluble adhesion molecules on the risk of future cardiovascular events among patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results —We obtained baseline samples from a prospective cohort of 1246 patients with CAD. Besides various markers of inflammation, soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1), sICAM-1, and sE-selectin were determined. Follow-up information on cardiovascular events was obtained (mean, 2.7; maximum, 4.1 years). Independently higher levels of sVCAM-1 (1932 versus 1128 ng/mL; P &lt;0.0001), sICAM-1 (353 versus 287 ng/mL; P =0.015), and sE-selectin (81 versus 63 ng/mL; P =0.003) were observed in patients with future death from cardiovascular causes. In a multivariate model, fatal risk was 2.1-fold (1.1 to 4.0) higher in patients within the top quartile of baseline sVCAM-1 concentrations compared with lower quartiles. This association was present independent of general inflammatory response as reflected by low or high C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. In a model that simultaneously controlled for all inflammatory and soluble adhesion markers determined, only sVCAM-1 remained independently significant for future fatal cardiovascular events, with a 2.8-fold increase in risk ( P =0.003). Conclusions —Soluble adhesion molecules sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sE-selectin were significantly related to future death from cardiovascular causes among patients with documented CAD. Especially sVCAM-1 added to the predictive value of classic risk factors and hs-CRP in determining the risk of future cardiovascular death.
Intermediate-Term Results of Retroperitoneoscopy-Assisted Cryotherapy for Small Renal Tumours Using Multiple Ultrathin Cryoprobes
Authors: Stephen F. Wyler, Tullio Sulser, Robin Ruszat, Boris Weltzien, Thomas H. Forster, Maurizio Provenzano, Thomas C. Gasser, Alexander Bachmann
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Rebuttal from Authors re: Sidney Glina. How Much are Patients Interested in Erectile Dysfunction Treatment after Radical Prostatectomy? Eur Urol 2008;53:461–2
Authors: Andrea Salonia, Andrea Gallina, Giuseppe Zanni, Alberto Briganti, Federico Dehò, Antonino Saccà, Nazareno Suardi, Luigi Barbieri, Giorgio Guazzoni, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2007)
P13.11 * USAGE OF CYBER KNIFE HYPOFRACTIONATED RADIOSURGERY IN HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS COMPLEX TREATMENT
Authors: O. Glavatskyi, V. M. Buryk, K. A. Kardash, O. P. Pylypas, T. I. Chebotaryova
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: A complex approach to the treatment of malignant brain tumors includes maximum surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The purpose of the current study is to review retrospectively the ability of Cyber Knife (“Accuray Incorporated”, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) radiosurgery to provide local tumor control of newly diagnosed or recurrent malignant brain tumors. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 26 patients with malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma multiform (GBM) - 14 patients, anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) - 12 patients) were treated in 2012-2013 with Cyber Knife stereotactic radiosurgery. Before radiosurgery 8 patients had complete removal of the tumor, 9 patients had subtotal resection and 9 patients had biopsy. 17 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide according to the different treatment protocols. 9 patients who were previously irradiated received re-irradiation. In all patients CT, MRI, PET (native, enhanced, CT-perfusion, MRI-diffusion (DWI) studies) before and after treatment were performed with (3, 6, 12, 18 month follow up). The volume of tumors ranged from 10-12 cm3 to 101,1 cm3. The maximum mean dose of irradiation applied was 36.99 Gy (ranged from 21,3 Gy to 48,8 Gy). 3-6 fractions of hypofractionated treatment were used. RESULTS: At this stage of the study, we assessed the absence of complications after stereotactic hypofractionated radiosurgery. Objective survival evaluation has being performed in 12-24 months after radiosurgical treatment. A significant decrease in the number and severity of seizures was seen in 7 patients out of 21 (33 %). 18 patients (64%) had regression of limb weakness. In case of biopsy 7 of 9 tumors (78 %) showed a decrease in volume. In patients with clinical deterioration (3 patients) repeated surgical treatment was performed. All of them had signs of post-irradiation necrosis and pathomorphosis in tumor tissue. Median overall survival and progression free survival were 17 months and 11 months respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery is one of possible treatment options for high-grade gliomas which leads to a decrease in tumor volume and improves clinical status of patients even in cases of re-irradiation. Surgical treatment after radiosurgery doesn't worsen median overall survival and progression free survival prognosis.
Association of Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator with Asthma and Atopy
Authors: Philippe Bégin, Karine Tremblay, Denise Daley, Mathieu Lemire, Sébastien Claveau, Charleen Salesse, Sabine Kacel, Alexandre Montpetit, Allan Becker, Moira Chan-Yeung, Anita L Kozyrskyj, Thomas J Hudson, Catherine Laprise
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) interacts with its receptor on inflammatory and migrating cells to regulate extracellular matrix degradation, cell adhesion, and inflammatory cell activation. It is necessary for the development of an appropriate immune response and is involved in tissue remodeling. The PLAU gene codes for this enzyme, and is located on 10q24. This region has demonstrated evidence for linkage in a genome scan for asthma in a sample from northeastern Quebec. Here, we hypothesized that uPA may function as a regulator of asthma susceptibility.Objectives: To test for association between asthma and genetic variants of PLAU.Methods: We sequenced PLAU and tested for genetic association between identified variants and asthma-related traits in a French-Canadian familial collection (231 families, 1,139 subjects). Additional association studies were performed in two other family-based Canadian cohorts (Canadian Asthma Primary Prevention Study [CAPPS], 238 trios; and Study of Asthma Genes and the Environment [SAGE], 237 trios).Measurements and Main Results: In the original sample, under the dominant model, the common alleles, rs2227564C (P141) and rs2227566T, were associated with asthma (p = 0.011 and 0.045, respectively) and with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) (p = 0.026 and 0.038, respectively). Analysis of the linkage disequilibrium pattern also revealed association of the common haplotype for asthma, atopy, and AHR (p = 0.031, 0.043, and 0.006, respectively). Whereas no significant association was detected for PLAU single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CAPPS cohort, association was observed in the SAGE cohort between the rs4065C allele and atopy under additive (p = 0.005) and dominant (p = 0.0001) genetic models.Conclusions: This suggests a role for the uPA pathway in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Summary of inaugural meeting of the Skin Care in Organ Recipients Group, UK, held at the Royal Society of Medicine, 7 October 2004
Authors: D.J. Eedy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

This summarizes a meeting held in London at the Royal Society of Medicine, which was brought together by Prof. Fenella Wojnarowska, Professor of Dermatology at Churchill Hospital, Oxford and cofounder of Skin Care in Organ Recipients, UK (SCOR.UK).
Nova et Vetera
Authors: M. Little
Journal: BMJ (1929)

WF were recently shown a prinit of ani etching with a rathler curioliIs history.It was takeln from a plate wllich was repoited to lhave beenl dug up in the nieighbourlhood of London, aiid had tlheni beeni cleaned up anid freed from cer'tainl blemiiislhes by Mr. W. M. Harris of Kendal.The subject represented is the bead of a mani of m-iiddle age with bushy evebrows and an aquilinle niose.The plate is iniscribed
STUDIES ON A PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME IN HUMAN PLASMA
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1948)

Methods are described for the assay of chloroform-activated and fibrinolysin-activated plasma proteolytic enzyme, and for the determination of the inhibitory activity of plasma or other substances against chloroform-activated enzyme. The inhibitory activities of plasma, serum, and crude plasma albumin against chloroform-activated plasma proteolytic enzyme were proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of the inhibitory substance tested. This suggests that enzyme and inhibitor react in accordance with the law of mass action. The rate of fibrinolysis of recalcified plasma clots could not be related to the total proteolytic activity available in the plasma, nor to the inhibitory activity of fresh plasma or serum against plasma proteolytic enzyme. During the incubation of a recalcified plasma clot at 37°C., the inhibitory activity of its serum against plasma proteolytic enzyme decreased until a minimal stationary level was reached. The clot lysis time could be correlated directly with the time which elapsed until this minimal level was reached.
An Evaluation and Follow-Up Investigation of a Behavioural Group Treatment Programme for Obesity
Authors: Rosalyn A. Griffiths, Jennifer Holliday
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

This paper describes an evaluation and 2-year follow-up of a comprehensive behavioural group obesity programme. The sample was made up of three groups totalling 31 patients who were referred to the Weight Reduction Advice Service at Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick. Patients were thoroughly screened prior to treatment and completed psychological questionnaires before and after treatment. The programme consisted of weekly, 1.5- to 2-hour sessions of formal treatment. An additional 2 sessions were held fortnightly. Treatment was conducted by a clinical psychologist, two dietitians and a physiotherapist. Outcome results for the end of treatment and at 2 years follow-up are presented. The implications of the results for the treatment of obesity are discussed.
Glioblastoma Multiforme of the Optic Nerve
Authors: Richard H. Mattson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

GLIOBLASTOMA multiforme of the optic nerve and chiasm is a rare lesion.<sup>1</sup>Most gliomas seen in this area are relatively benign, both clinically and histologically,<sup>2</sup>and occur most commonly in young individuals. The present case is reported because of the rare occurrence and documentation of a glioblastoma multiforme which clinically began in the optic nerves and spread rapidly to involve the chiasm and intracerebral structures. Because the patient was already being treated for cataracts, visual fields were done before, during, and after the onset of symptoms. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 59-year-old white woman presented with progressive blindness of the left eye. She had been treated by the Ophthalmology Service at Wilford Hall USAF Hospital for bilateral cataracts of 20 years' duration, and just prior to her present illness an intracapsular extraction of the left lens was carried out. Postoperatively, the visual acuity improved until it was 20/30
Fetal growth and length of gestation in relation to prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke assessed by hair nicotine concentration.
Authors: J J Jaakkola, N Jaakkola, K Zahlsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We assessed the effects of prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on fetal growth and length of gestation. The study population consisted of 389 nonsmoking women who were selected from a population-based study in southeast Finland on the basis of questionnaire information after delivery (response rate 94%). The final exposure assessment was based on nicotine concentration of maternal hair sampled after the delivery, which measures exposure during the past 2 months (i.e., the third trimester). The exposure categories were defined a priori as high (nicotine concentration [Greater and equal to] 4.00 microg/g; n = 52), medium (0.75 to < 4.00 microg/g; n = 186), and low as the reference category (< 0.75 microg/g; n = 151). In logistic regression analysis, controlling for confounding, the risk of preterm delivery (< 37 weeks) was higher in the high [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 6.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-28.7] and medium exposure categories (adjusted OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 0.30-5.58) compared with the reference category, and there was a 1.22 (95% CI, 1.07-1.39) increase in adjusted OR with a 1 microg/g increase in hair nicotine concentration. The corresponding adjusted OR was 1.06 (95% CI, 0.96-1.17) for low birth weight and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.92-1.19) for small-for-gestational-age.
Whither National Boards?
Authors: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The National Board of Medical Examiners was founded in 1915 for the express purpose of preparing and administering qualifying examinations of sufficient quality that state agencies could use them as criteria for licensure. At present, 48 states accept passage of Parts I, II, and III as qualification for licensure, and more than three quarters of all medical-school graduates in the United States are licensed through this process.Although the primary purpose of the National Board continues to be the provision of certifying examinations, the role of the Board has expanded greatly in the past 25 years. As medical schools found . . .
The use of thymoquinone in nephrotoxicity related to acetaminophen
Authors: İlker Öngüç Aycan, Orhan Tokgöz, Adnan Tüfek, Ulaş Alabalık, Osman Evliyaoğlu, Hüseyin Turgut, Feyzi Çelik, Abdulmenap Güzel
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)