tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietin concentrations in obstructive sleep apnoea.
Authors: J. M. Goldman, R. M. Ireland, M. Berthon-Jones, R. R. Grunstein, C. E. Sullivan, J. C. Biggs
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Eight patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and a normal haemoglobin concentration underwent nocturnal studies during which oxyhaemoglobin saturation was recorded continuously with an ear oximeter and serum erythropoietin concentration was measured hourly by means of a radioimmunoassay. Serum erythropoietin concentrations remained within the normal range throughout the study despite falls in oxyhaemaglobin saturation in individuals to 33-78%. There was no relation between the degree of nocturnal hypoxaemia and serum erythropoietin concentrations. The brief cyclical episodes of hypoxaemia typical of obstructive sleep apnoea may not be a sufficient stimulus for erythropoietin secretion.
Michael Alan Casson
Authors: David Casson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Educated at Manchester Grammar School, where his sprinting earned him the name “twinkle toes,” and Manchester University, where he was selected for a BSc in physiology, Mike spent time in pathology, virology, and public health medicine. His career path was, however, defined when he joined Dr Rudi Friedlander in his unique private general practice which served the local south Manchester population in general and had a central place in the care of the local Jewish, frequently German refugee, community. Evenings of significance involved Bach on the gramophone, brandy, and intense discussion …
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THYROID DYSFUNCTION AND ADVANCED LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL SUBFRACTIONS IN A CONTEMPORARY SAMPLE OF US ADULTS: THE VERY LARGE DATABASE OF LIPIDS THYROID SUB-STUDY
Authors: John W. McEvoy, Seth Martin, Michael Blaha, Parag Joshi, Sean Manning, Roger Blumenthal, Steven Jones
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Alliance of regulators addresses professional mobility
Authors: Graeme Catto, Hew Mathewson, Rosie Varley, Nigel Clarke, Peter Dixon, Anna Van Der Gaag, Sandra Arthur, Hemant Patel
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Two articles reflect recent media interest in health tourism in the context of the European Commission consultation on health services in Europe.1 2 What neither article addresses is the equally important issue of professional mobility that provides the other focus of the commission's consultation. 

In 2005, over 7000 healthcare professionals from the European Economic …
Stimulation of Interarterial Coronary Anastomoses by Experimental Acute Coronary Occlusion
Authors: MILTON H. PAUL, LEONA R. NORMAN, PAUL M. ZOLL, HERRMAN L. BLUMGART
Journal: Circulation (1957)

"Hence it sometimes happens that, when the lumen of some artery has been too long obstructed or ligated, the blood busies itself in opening a wider channel for its passage in this vessel, must drive and buffet all the more into the next ones, until it has considerably dilated them to give itself room." The development of interarterial coronary anastomoses may exert a profound influence on the clinical course of angina pectoris, coronary failure, and acute myocardial infarction. Earlier studies have shown that marked narrowing of a coronary artery produces rich intercoronary anastomotic communications. The present study is designed to determine whether acute occlusion of a coronary artery in a previously normal heart also leads to the development of a collateral circulation and what length of time is necessary to establish such a collateral circulation.
Chemical contaminants, pharmacokinetics, and the lactating mother.
Authors: W J Rogan, N B Ragan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We review the commonly occurring persistent pesticides and industrial chemicals in breast milk. These chemicals are dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane as dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene dieldrin, chlordane as oxychlordane, heptachlor, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. We present a worked example of the kinds of pharmacokinetic assumptions and calculations necessary for setting regulatory limits of contaminants in the food supply, calculating dose of chemical contaminants to the nursed infant, converting risks from lifetime exposure in laboratory animals to risks for short-term exposure in humans, and estimating the excess cancer risk to the nursed infant.
SAFETY, IMMUNOGENICITY, AND EFFICACY OF RECOMBINANT LIVE ORAL CHOLERA VACCINES, CVD 103 AND CVD 103-HgR
Authors: MyronM. Levine, Deirdre Herrington, Genevieve Losonsky, Ben Tall, JamesB. Kaper, Julian Ketley, CarolO. Tacket, Stanley Cryz
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
C9orf72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansions in Clinical Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Matthew Harms, Bruno A. Benitez, Nigel Cairns, Breanna Cooper, Paul Cooper, Kevin Mayo, David Carrell, Kelley Faber, Jennifer Williamson, Tom Bird, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Tatiana M. Foroud, Bradley F. Boeve, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Richard Mayeux, Sumitra Chakraverty, Alison M. Goate, Carlos Cruchaga, for the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD Family Study Consortium
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3>Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene underlie a significant fraction of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.<h3>Objective</h3>To investigate the frequency of C9orf72 repeat expansions in clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD).<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>This case-control study genotyped the C9orf72 repeat expansion in 872 unrelated familial AD cases and 888 control subjects recruited as part of the National Institute on Aging Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease Family Study cohort, a multisite collaboration studying 1000 families with 2 or more individuals clinically diagnosed as having late-onset AD.<h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3>We determined the presence or absence of the C9orf72 repeat expansion by repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction, the length of the longest nonexpanded allele, segregation of the genotype with disease, and clinical features of repeat expansion carriers.<h3>Results</h3>Three families showed large C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions. Two additional families carried more than 30 repeats. Segregation with disease could be demonstrated in 3 families. One affected expansion carrier had neuropathology compatible with AD. In the National Institute on Aging Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease Family Study series, the C9orf72 repeat expansions constituted the second most common pathogenic mutation, just behind the PSEN1 A79V mutation, highlighting the heterogeneity of clinical presentations associated with repeat expansions.<h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3>C9orf72 repeat expansions explain a small proportion of patients with a clinical presentation indistinguishable from AD, and they highlight the necessity of screening frontotemporal dementia genes in clinical AD cases with strong family history.
Gamma vascular brachytherapy neutralizes the negative impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes after PCI for in-stent restenosis: pooled data from Gamma I, Gamma II, and SCRIPPS III trials
Authors: Milena G. Adamian, Issam Moussa, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Alexandra J. Lansky, Gary S. Mintz, Mehran Moussavian, Andrea Abizaid, Yuliya Adamyan, Mohamed Mohamed, Richard Kuntz, Gregg W. Stone, Jeffrey W. Moses, Martin B. Leon, Paul S. Tierstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Influence of the Purkinje-muscle junction on transmural repolarization heterogeneity
Authors: Richard D. Walton, Marine E. Martinez, Martin J. Bishop, Mélèze Hocini, Michel Haïssaguerre, Gernot Plank, Olivier Bernus, Edward J. Vigmond
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

To elucidate the properties of the PMJ and myocardium underlying these effects. Transmural heterogeneity of action potential duration (APD) is known to play an important role in arrhythmogenesis. Regions of non-uniformities of APD gradients often overlap considerably with the location of Purkinje-muscle junctions (PMJs). We therefore hypothesized that such junctions are novel sources of local endocardial and transmural heterogeneity of repolarization, and that remodelling due to heart failure modulates this response.Spatial gradients of endocardial APD in left ventricular wedge preparations from healthy sheep (n = 5) were correlated with locations of PMJs identified through Purkinje stimulation under optical mapping. APD prolongation was dependent on proximity of the PMJ to the imaged surface, whereby shallow PMJs significantly modulated local APD when stimulating either Purkinje (P = 0.0116) or endocardium (P = 0.0123). In addition, we model a PMJ in 5 × 5× 10 mm transmural tissue wedges using healthy and novel failing human ventricular and Purkinje ionic models. Short distances of the PMJ to cut surfaces (<0.875 mm) revealed that APD maxima were localized to the PMJ in healthy myocardium, whereas APD minima were observed in failing myocardium. Amplitudes and spatial gradients of APD were prominent at functional PMJs and quiescent PMJs. Furthermore, increasing the extent of Purkinje fibre branching or decreasing tissue conductivity augmented local APD prolongation in both failing and non-failing models.The Purkinje network has the potential to influence myocardial AP morphology and rate-dependent behaviour, and furthermore to underlie enhanced transmural APD heterogeneities and spatial gradients of APD in non-failing and failing myocardium.
Separation Problems in Military Wives
Authors: HOUSTON MACINTOSH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Sixty-three military wives experiencing psychiatric disturbances while separated from their husbands for military reasons are compared with 113 wives not separated but needing psychiatric help. Some important psychodynamics of separation are discussed, and a statistical comparison of the two groups is made. The subject is becoming more important to nonmilitary psychiatrists in view of the expanded military dependents' health care program.
SOME UNUSUAL FORMS OF RECKLINGHAUSEN'S DISEASE
Authors: LOUIS SAVATARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1931)

Journal Article SOME UNUSUAL FORMS OF RECKLINGHAUSEN'S DISEASE Get access LOUIS SAVATARD LOUIS SAVATARD Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 43, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1931, Pages 414–419, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1931.tb09523.x Published: 01 August 1931
Rebound insomnia. A potential hazard following withdrawal of certain benzodiazepines
Authors: A. Kales
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Five benzodiazepine drugs (diazepam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam hydrochloride, nitrazepam, and triazolam) were evaluated separately in 15 sleep laboratory studies. Rebound insomnia, a worsening of sleep compared with baseline, occurred following withdrawal of triazolam, nitrazepam, and flunitrazepam after they had been given in only single, nightly doses for short periods. The rebound insomnia was attributed to the short and intermediate half-lives of these drugs. Diazepam and flurazepam, which have longer half-lives, did not cause rebound insomnia on withdrawal. Rebound insomnia may play a role in the development of hypnotic drug dependence with shorter-acting benzodiazepine drugs. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1692-1695, 1979)
OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE CAUSED BY DUODENAL ULCER
Authors: Josef H. Neiman
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Obstructive jaundice caused by duodenal ulcer is uncommon, and only 39 cases have been reported in the literature of the United States. A 40th case is presented here with a discussion of this disease entity.  REPORT OF A CASE  The patient, a 56-year-old white man, was employed as a packer. He entered the Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital on July 3, 1952. His chief complaint was of jaundice of one month's duration. The patient had been well until June 4, 1952. At that time, there was a sudden onset of severe, crampy, nonradiating, midepigastric pain of one-half hour's duration. This pain caused him to double up. Similar attacks of pain occurred on June 15 and June 23, 1952. On June 5, the day after the first attack, the patient noticed that icterus, associated with dark urine and clay-colored stools, had developed. For eight days prior to admission he had had slight
WHO to revamp statistics to include sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The World Health Organization is to review its statistical classification system by creating a specific category for recording sudden deaths among children and young adults.

The move to clearly identify a phenomenon that has been estimated to claim up to eight lives a week in the United Kingdom comes after a campaign by Linda McAvan and Catherine Stihler, two British Labour members of the European parliament ( BMJ …
Gentamicin and gram-negative bacteremia. A synergism for the development of experimental nephrotoxic acute renal failure.
Authors: R A Zager, R B Prior
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

To explore whether bacteremia potentiates gentamicin nephrotoxicity, we injected rats with either 1 X 10(9) Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Staphylococcus aureus, and then gave them gentamicin, 100 mg/kg. Renal injury was assessed over the next 24-48 h. Staphylococcus/gentamicin or gentamicin alone induced no renal injury. However, E. coli/gentamicin and Pseudomonas/gentamicin caused acute renal failure (severe azotemia; tubular necrosis; cast formation). This effect was not due to acute reductions in arterial blood pressure or renal blood flow, it could be reproduced by substituting nonviable for viable gram-negative organisms, and it was associated with increased renal gentamicin uptake. E. coli without gentamicin induced only mild azotemia and no tubular necrosis. Endotoxin-tolerant rats were significantly protected against the E. coli/gentamicin nephrotoxic interaction. We conclude that gram-negative bacteremia and gentamicin exert synergistic nephrotoxicities; and that this effect is mediated, at least in part, by endotoxin and in part by increased renal gentamicin uptake.
Abstract 3292: Discordance between receptor status in primary and metastatic breast cancer: No discordance for HER-2 based on IHC and FISH
Authors: Soohyeon Lee, Ja Seung Koo, Jong-Pil Park, Byeong-Woo Park, Seung-Il Kim, Seho Park, Yongwha Moon, Jae Kyung Roh, Joohang Kim, Hyun Cheol Jung, Joohyuk Sohn
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The assessment of tumor receptor profile (ER, PR, and HER-2) is necessary to select patients who are candidate for hormonal and anti-HER-2 therapy. The occurrence of changes in tumor receptor profile (ER, PR and HER-2) between primary and metachronous metastatic tissue has been recognized, which might have significant implications in terms of treatment. The primary aim of this analysis was to compare ER, PR and HER-2 status in primary tumor versus metastatic sites in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with available paired samples from both primary tumors and metastases were included in this study and re-analyzed by an independent and blind pathologist. HER-2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); ER and PR status were assessed by IHC. Results: The median age was 40.3 years (range: 27.6∼87.4 years) and 25(83%) patients were premenoposal status. For paired metastases, a change in ER status was observed in 3 cases (10%): 2 cases from positive to negative, while 1 case converted from negative to positive and a change in PR status was observed in 4 cases (13.3%). HER-2 status was not changed in all cases based on IHC and FISH technique. In addition, there was a strong correlation of amplification index (AI) between primary and metastatic tissue based on FISH test (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Conclusions: This study suggests that while there was around 10% of discordance rate for hormone receptor status, HER2 receptor discordance was not found between primary and metastatic breast cancer samples. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3292.
NICE guidance for COPD
Authors: D Halpin
Journal: Thorax (2004)

A further step in the process of developing better service and standards of care for patients with COPD T he full version of the new NICE guidelines on the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is published as a supplement to this issue of Thorax. 1 These guidelines have been developed for the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) by the National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (NCC-CC) based at the Royal College of Physicians, London with the involvement of
Points: McIlroy was here. Or was he?
Authors: I M O'Brien, G D Summers, J E Neild
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A N Bamji (14 April, p 973) with great interest.We were medical students resident in separate Dublin hospitals in 1966.At this time McIlroy appeared at the casualty department of the Royal City of Dublin Hospital complaining of chest pain.One of us (JRN) was connecting him to an ECG machine which required to be earthed.Unfortunately, this was not done and the patient obviously experienced an electric shock.He leapt from the trolley and, putting his finger over his tracheostomy, confirmed in no uncertain terms that this was the case.He took his own discharge.Later that evening this somewhat ruffled student called at the Adelaide Hospital three kilometres or so away.There CED was found to be examining McIlroy, still complain- ing of chest pain but not referring to his recent experience.When he saw JRN he had the grace to look a little embarrassed.The ECG machine in the Adelaide Hospital evidently caused the patient no further upset-and the tracing showed no abnormality.Nevertheless, he spent a comfortable night in hospital and subsequently took his own discharge.There is no doubt in our minds that this man was McIlroy....
The draft genome of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis
Authors: Makedonka Mitreva, Douglas P Jasmer, Dante S Zarlenga, Zhengyuan Wang, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M Taylor, Yong Yin, Lucinda Fulton, Pat Minx, Shiaw-Pyng Yang, Wesley C Warren, Robert S Fulton, Veena Bhonagiri, Xu Zhang, Kym Hallsworth-Pepin, Sandra W Clifton, James P McCarter, Judith Appleton, Elaine R Mardis, Richard K Wilson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)

Richard Wilson and colleagues report the genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne parasitic nematode that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum Nematoda. T. spiralis is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans. We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ∼35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map–assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster. This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops.
Modulation of D2R-NR2B Interactions in Response to Cocaine
Authors: Xian-Yu Liu, Xiang-Ping Chu, Li-Min Mao, Min Wang, Hong-Xiang Lan, Ming-Hua Li, Guo-Chi Zhang, Nikhil K. Parelkar, Eugene E. Fibuch, Michelle Haines, Kim A. Neve, Fang Liu, Zhi-Gang Xiong, John Q. Wang
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Fas Modulation of Apoptosis during Negative Selection of Thymocytes
Authors: Januario E. Castro, James A. Listman, Bruce A. Jacobson, Yunsheng Wang, Peter A. Lopez, Sherte Ju, Patricia W. Finn, David L. Perkins
Journal: Immunity (1996)

A major mechanism maintaining immune tolerance is the deletion of potentially autoreactive thymocytes by apoptosis during development in the thymus. Previous reports suggest that apoptosis is induced by high avidity signals transduced via the T cell receptor; however, the role of signals transduced by other cell surface receptors during thymic selection remains poorly understood. Fas, a member of the TNF receptor family, has been shown to induce apoptosis in mature peripheral T cells; however, the effects of Fas on negative selection of thymocytes have not been previously detected. Using a sensitive terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase method to detect apoptotic cells, we found that mutant Fas molecules in lpr mice decrease the sensitivity of thymocytes to T cell receptor-mediated apoptosis and that blockade of Fas-Fas ligand interactions in vivo can inhibit antigen-induced apoptosis of thymocytes in non-lpr mice. Thus, we have shown that Fas, in conjunction with antigen-specific signals, can modulate apoptosis during negative selection of thymocytes.
Effects of bile duct ligation on calcium excretion in the rat
Authors: Nimish Vakil, Anil Sharma, Yoram Yagil
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

In an earlier study we showed that bile duct–ligated rats were highly susceptible to gentamicin nephrotoxicity and that oral calcium administration had a pronounced protective effect. The mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Because cations compete with gentamicin for tubule binding sites, it has been suggested that the increased susceptibility of the kidney to gentamicin after bile duct ligation might result from decreased cation excretion. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bile duct ligation on calcium excretion in relation to overall renal function. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bile duct ligation and division. Pair-fed sham-operated rats served as controls. Metabolic and clearance studies were carried out at 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Urine output was higher in bile duct–ligated rats, and they excreted more calcium at 3, 5, 7 and 14 days, while excreting less sodium than controls. We conclude that after bile duct ligation, there is increased calcium excretion, which is independent of the abnormality in sodium excretion. Enhanced nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides in the bile duct–ligated rat model cannot be explained by decreased calcium excretion. (Hepatology 1994;19:457–463).