tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antibodies to UV DNA and photosensitivity
Authors: P. DAVIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Antibodies to ultraviolet light denatured DNA (UV DNA) have been measured in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and light sensitive skin lesions. Antibodies were found in significant levels in the patients with SLE but not in the other groups. It appears that although UV denaturation of dermal DNA occurs in vivo this is not sufficient to induce antibodies to UV DNA in patients with a normal DNA repair mechanism. This may not be the case in patients with SLE in whom a break in tolerance to Native (N-) DNA has already occurred and where antibody to N-DNA will cross react with UV DNA.
Orthetics in Musculoskeletal Disease
Authors: Edward W. Lowman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ORTHETICS in the treatment of the patient with musculoskeletal disease and disability may be prescribed for temporary use during rehabilitation or may be permanently needed. In either case, the purpose of orthetics and their areas of usefulness are specific. Orthetic devices may be indicated: (1) for support and protection of musculoskeletal structure, (2) as a functional replacement or assistive device for a functionally inadequate body part, (3) as an efficiency mechanism for the conservation of body energy expenditure, (4) or for multiples of these reasons. An orthetic device may be as simple as a metatarsal rocker bar to protect arthritic metatarsal heads, as mechanically compact and complex as a motorized wheelchair, or as futuristic as an electronic talking machine. Basically, however, regardless of complexity demanded by need, device design should conform to the same rules. They should be maximally efficient, effective, and simple in operation. They should be designed
Critical Pathways in Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Ruth Falik
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sickle-Cell Anemia and Other Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Michael D. Garrick, Philip Dembure, Robert Guthrie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract Since blood spots on filter paper are routinely collected in many areas for phenylketonuria testing of newborn infants, we developed several methods for detecting sickle-cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies using this type of specimen. Simple, inexpensive modifications of cellulose acetate electrophoresis plus citrate-agar and globin-chain electrophoresis are employed, permitting one technician to screen as many as 500 specimens per day at a material cost of $0.03 per specimen. (N Engl J Med 288:1265–1268, 1973)
TCT-480 Prior Clopidogrel Therapy in Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) is Associated with Increase Risk of Stent Thrombosis
Authors: Elad Asher, yitsik Biton, Noam Fink, Romana Herscovici, Edward Koifman, Elad Maor, Avraham Sabbag, Paul Fefer, Roy Beigel, Shlomi Matezky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
NHS faces legal action over copayment for private drugs while receiving NHS care
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The NHS is likely to face a High Court action soon about cancer patients’ right to top up their care with drugs paid for privately while they continue to receive the rest of their treatment free.

At least two patients have lodged claims that challenge the Department of Health’s guidance A Code of Conduct for Private Practice , issued in April 2003, which tells trusts not to permit patients to pay for additional drugs.

Dozens of patients have consulted lawyers, who hope to get a test case to court before the end of …
Skin Redundancy after Massive Weight Loss
Authors: Arin K Greene, Jonathan M Winograd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 30-year-old man presented at our plastic-surgery clinic to request body contouring after massive weight loss (Panels A and B; inset shows patient before weight loss). Two years earlier, the patient had undergone an open gastric bypass for morbid obesity, and he subsequently lost 418 lb (190 kg) (from 647 to 229 lb [294 to 104 kg]) and had a decrease in waist size from 84 to 48 in. Although the procedure cured his hypertension, he had recurrent rashes and skin breakdown of the residual abdominal pannus. In addition, he continued to have difficulty ambulating and could not urinate while . . .
Opposite effects of bombesin on insulin and gastrin response to food in humans.
Authors: C Scarpignato, B Micali
Journal: Gut (1986)

The effect of bombesin on insulin and gastrin response to a standard labelled meal was studied in eight healthy male volunteers. The gastric emptying of solids was simultaneously evaluated. During intravenous infusion of the peptide (5 ng/kg/min) the insulin release after eating was greatly reduced whereas food stimulated gastrin release was significantly enhanced. Both effects of bombesin are likely to be connected with the marked inhibition of gastric emptying induced by the peptide.
P2-15-08: New Trends for Surgical Treatment of Large Breast Tumors.
Authors: Matthes AG Zucca, RAC Vieira, LM Kerr, ACS Matthes, MAAK Folgueira, G Uemura
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: The locally advanced breast cancer is still common in developing countries. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) allows converting large tumor into operable one. Oncoplastic surgery (OS) adds new techniques to breast conservative treatment(BCT). The association between NC and OS provides the resection of large amount of breast tissue, including skin, with satisfactory aesthetic results. Objective: Evaluate the possibilities to indicate oncoplastic techniques to determine BCT after NC for large breast tumors. Material and Methods: A prospective clinical trial (www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00820690) study with women breast cancer patients, clinical stage III, no extense skin involvement, submitted to NC, based on four cycles of doxorubicin 60mg/m2 + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 and 4 cycles of paclitaxel 175mg/m2. Preoperative tattoo was realized for all patients to determine the clinical dimensions of the tumor. Tumor size was controlled by physical and radiological exams. The oncoplastic surgeries were offered in accordance to clinical-imaging previous to NC, final response to chemotherapy, tumor localization, tumor size, breast size, oncologic security, patient comorbidities and experience of the surgeon. The skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction was also considered an oncoplastic technique. The surgical planning has involved the whole area previously marked by the tattoo regardless of tumor response. A detailed analysis of the pathological specimen was provided to confirm the oncologic safety of the treatment. All patients were followed by radiotherapy after surgery. Results: 50 patients were enrolled. PE tumor median measurement was 6.5 cm (3.0 to 14.0 cm) and pathologic median tumor was 4.0 cm (0 to 14.5cm). Pathologic response was rated as stable disease, progressive disease, partial response and complete response in 18%, 10%, 68% and 4% of the cases, respectively. Pathologic responses were diverse and included tumor micro-fragmentation and macrofragmentation. PE tumor size before chemotherapy correlated best with MRI (ricc 0.588, p &amp;lt; 0.001), as well as pathologic tumor size measured after chemotherapy correlated best with MRI (ricc 0.738, p &amp;lt;0.001). The surgical approach allowed BCT in 34% (17) of patients. Skin involvement was presented in 38% of pathologic specimen regardless previous clinical exam noticed. Conclusion: Oncoplastic techniques increase the rates of BCT for selected patients in spite of large locally advanced tumors. The surgical planning is fundamental to this approach. This study recommends the full resection of the tumoral area previous to NC, including marked skin, regardless the response to neoadjuvant treatment. Follow-up of these patients will be important for additional information in the future. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-15-08.
Vaccination against pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza in pregnancy and risk of fetal death: cohort study in Denmark
Authors: B. Pasternak, H. Svanstrom, D. Molgaard-Nielsen, T. G. Krause, H.-D. Emborg, M. Melbye, A. Hviid
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether an adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza vaccine in pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of fetal death. <b>Design</b> Nationwide register based cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Denmark. <b>Participants</b> All clinically recognised singleton pregnancies that ended between November 2009 and September 2010. Individual level data on exposure to an inactivated AS03 pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza vaccine (Pandemrix) and potential confounders were linked to the study cohort using a unique person identifier. <b>Main outcome measures</b> The primary outcome measure was risk of fetal death (spontaneous abortion and stillbirth combined) in H1N1 vaccinated compared with unvaccinated pregnancies, adjusting for propensity scores. Secondary outcome measures were spontaneous abortion (between seven and 22 weeks' gestation) and stillbirth (after 22 completed weeks' gestation). <b>Results</b> The cohort comprised 54 585 pregnancies; 7062 (12.9%) women were vaccinated against pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza during pregnancy. Overall, 1818 fetal deaths occurred (1678 spontaneous abortions and 140 stillbirths). Exposure to the H1N1 vaccine was not associated with an increased risk of fetal death (adjusted hazard ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.53 to 1.16), or the secondary outcomes of spontaneous abortion (1.11, 0.71 to 1.73) and stillbirth (0.44, 0.20 to 0.94). Estimates for fetal death were similar in pregnant women with (0.82, 0.44 to 1.53) and without comorbidities (0.77, 0.47 to 1.25). <b>Conclusion</b> This large cohort study found no evidence of an increased risk of fetal death associated with exposure to an adjuvanted pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza vaccine during pregnancy.
SAMHD1 is mutated recurrently in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is involved in response to DNA damage
Authors: Ruth Clifford, Tania Louis, Pauline Robbe, Sam Ackroyd, Adam Burns, Adele T. Timbs, Glen Wright Colopy, Helene Dreau, Francois Sigaux, Jean Gabriel Judde, Margalida Rotger, Amalio Telenti, Yea-Lih Lin, Philippe Pasero, Jonathan Maelfait, Michalis Titsias, Dena R. Cohen, Shirley J. Henderson, Mark T. Ross, David Bentley, Peter Hillmen, Andrew Pettitt, Jan Rehwinkel, Samantha J. L. Knight, Jenny C. Taylor, Yanick J. Crow, Monsef Benkirane, Anna Schuh
Journal: Blood (2013)
Congenital Anomalies and Systemic Diseases
Authors: Herbert E. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This is an excellent atlas and review of external disease in terms of congenital anomalies and systemic disease. The atlas format is different from other books in that the diseases are concisely reviewed, and the case reports of the patients photographed are succinctly summarized. This type of presentation, however, gives a depth of understanding and feeling for the disease that is often not obtainable from textbooks, for the review of a typical case report emphasizes presenting complaints, essential symptoms, mechanisms of therapy, and the course of disease, in a way which is otherwise often difficult to appreciate. The organization is dictated by the available photographs, and is, of necessity, not always complete. Some conditions are not considered and certain variations not depicted. On the other hand, the enormous scope of the atlas is extremely impressive, and the pictures absolutely superb. Instead of large numbers of expensive two dimensional colored plates,
P263 STEATOSIS-INDEPENDENT PREVENTION OF LIVER FIBROSIS VIA THE TRANSREPRESSIVE ACTIVITY OF PPARa
Authors: M. Pawlak, E. Baugé, W. Bourguet, K. De Bosscher, F. Lalloyer, A. Tailleux, C. Lebherz, P. Lefebvre, B. Staels
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Extending the range of adaptive misbelief: Memory “distortions” as functional features
Authors: Pascal Boyer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract A large amount of research in cognitive psychology is focused on memory distortions, understood as deviations from various (largely implicit) standards. Many alleged distortions actually suggest a highly functional system that balances the cost of acquiring new information with the benefit of relevant, contextually appropriate decision-making. In this sense many memories may be examples of functionally adaptive misbelief.
A Hypusine–eIF5A–PEAK1 Switch Regulates the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Ken Fujimura, Tracy Wright, Jan Strnadel, Sharmeela Kaushal, Cristina Metildi, Andrew M. Lowy, Michael Bouvet, Jonathan A. Kelber, Richard L. Klemke
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Deregulation of protein synthesis is a hallmark of cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastatic progression. eIF5A1 and its highly related isoform eIF5A2 are translation initiation factors that have been implicated in a range of human malignancies, but how they control cancer development and disease progression is still poorly understood. Here, we investigated how eIF5A proteins regulate pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) pathogenesis. eIF5A proteins are the only known proteins regulated by a distinct posttranslational modification termed hypusination, which is catalyzed by two enzymes, deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH). The highly selective nature of the hypusine modification and its amenability to pharmacologic inhibition make eIF5A proteins attractive therapeutic targets. We found that the expression and hypusination of eIF5A proteins are upregulated in human PDAC tissues and in premalignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissues isolated from Pdx-1-Cre: LSL-KRAS(G12D) mice. Knockdown of eIF5A proteins in PDAC cells inhibited their growth in vitro and orthotopic tumor growth in vivo, whereas amplification of eIF5A proteins increased PDAC cell growth and tumor formation in mice. Small-molecule inhibitors of DHPS and DOHH both suppressed eIF5A hypusination, preventing PDAC cell growth. Interestingly, we found that eIF5A proteins regulate PDAC cell growth by modulating the expression of PEAK1, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase essential for PDAC cell growth and therapy resistance. Our findings suggest that eIF5A proteins utilize PEAK1 as a downstream effector to drive PDAC pathogenesis and that pharmacologic inhibition of the eIF5A-hypusine-PEAK1 axis may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to combat this deadly disease.
Perspectives on systolic hypertension. The Framingham study.
Authors: W B Kannel, T R Dawber, D L McGee
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Diastolic hypertension has been widely and justifiably accepted as a cause of cardiovascular mortality. However, it has also been accepted that the cardiovascular sequelae of hypertension derive chiefly from the diastolic component. Because systolic and diastolic pressure are usually highly correlated it is not easy to dissociate the effects of each. Statistical analysis suggests that systolic pressure is actually the more potent contributor to cardiovascular sequelae. Even isolated systolic pressure elevation is associated witn an excess cardiovascular mortality. At low diastolic pressures (i.e., less than 95 mm Hg), risk rises with the level of systolic pressure. Also, isolated systolic hypertension is most ominous in the elderly, in whom it is highly prevalent. Isolated systolic hypertension was related to the occurrence of "direct" complications as well as to atherosclerotic sequelae. It was also associated with excess mortality, taking into account rigid vessels as judged from pulse-wave recordings. Trials to determine whether the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension is efficacious for avoiding its demonstrated excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are urgently needed.
Blood Lead and Blood Pressure-Reply
Authors: William R. Harlan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  We regret any confusion readers may have in the transition from the results in Table 1 to those in Tables 2 and 3. Our first analysis focused on unadjusted differences between selected factors for subgroups with normal vs elevated diastolic blood pressures. These results are presented in Table 1 separately for men and women for two broad age groups, 21 to 55 and 56 to 74 years. Few persons aged 12 to 20 years had diastolic blood pressures over 90 mm Hg and, therefore, were not included in the subgroup analyses reported in Table 1. However, data from the entire age range of 12 to 74 years were included in the Figure and the multiple regression models summarized in Table 2 and 3.  The Figure summarizes mean , not individual , diastolic blood pressures. There is no justification to assert that virtually everyone is normotensive. In fact, more than 25%
Factors Affecting Compliance with Treatment in an Outpatient Child Psychiatric Practice: A Retrospective Study in a Community Mental Health Centre in Athens
Authors: H. Lazaratou, M. Vlassopoulos, G. Dellatolas
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

The literature review shows that treatment compliance in child psychiatric practice is a multifactorial issue that includes parameters such as the type of problem presented by the child, the family's functioning and the therapeutic team's organization and functioning.In order to examine these parameters and their inter-relationship, epidemiological data from the files of 455 cases, representing the total number of cases admitted to our Centre between 1990-1994, were collected. We noted that the majority of patients (58.6%) failed to comply with treatment.The statistical analysis shows that the sex and age of the child, the socio-economic status of the family, the family's size, the parents' educational background as well as the referral source are unrelated to compliance. On the contrary, the type of problem presented by the child, the type of recommended treatment, the number of sessions attended and the season of admission are correlated with treatment compliance.Certain aspects of our team's techniques concerning the admission procedure, therapeutic contract and parental counselling have been re-examined and improved.
UK hospital drops partnership plans after quality of care improves
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

An NHS hospital facing a takeover by a private company or a neighbouring NHS trust has been handed a reprieve after the procurement process to find a partnering organisation was abandoned.

The NHS Trust Development Authority, which oversees the performance management of NHS trusts, said that the process to find a partner for George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust in Warwickshire had been halted after evidence of improvements to clinical services and the quality of care over the past year.

The hospital was one of 11 trusts placed in special measures by Jeremy Hunt, England’s health secretary, because of higher than expected death rates.1 …
Is the colonic reparative cell lineage yet to be discovered?
Authors: R J LONGMAN
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are cytotoxic T cells engineered to specifically kill cancer cells expressing specific target receptor(s). Prior CAR-T efficacy tests include CAR expression analysis by qPCR or ELISA, <i>in vitro</i> measurement of interferon-γ (IFNγ) or interleukin-2 (IL-2), and xenograft models. However, the <i>in vitro</i> measurements did not reflect CAR-T cytotoxicity, whereas xenograft models are low throughput and costly. Here we presented a robust <i>in vitro</i> droplet microfluidic assay for CAR-T cytotoxicity assessment. This method not only enabled assessment of CAR-T cytotoxic activity under different fluid viscosity conditions, but also facilitated measurement of CAR-T expansion and dissection of mechanism of action via phenotype analysis <i>in vitro</i>. Furthermore, our data suggested that label-free cytotoxicity analysis is feasible by acquiring data before and after treatment. Hence, this study presented a novel <i>in vitro</i> method for assessment of cellular cytotoxicity that could potentially be applied to any cell-kill-cell experiment with varying solvent composition.
SKIN COLLAGEN CONTENT AND THICKNESS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
Authors: MARTIN M. BLACK, EVA BOTTOMS, SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

The thickness and collagen content of forearm skin were measured in 13 patients with systemic sclerosis, in 8 of whom the forearm skin was found to be clinically affected by the disease. No increase in skin thickness or its collagen content was found. The thickness and collagen content of the clinically affected forearm skin were usually decreased and collagen density was normal. It is concluded that the clinical impression of thickness and toughness is due to binding down of the skin to deeper structures. The similarity of atrophic morphoea and systemic sclerosis is discussed.
Rapid large increase in meningococcal carriage rates in first year university students
Authors: K.R. Neal, J. Nguyen-Van-Tam, N. Jeffrey, R.J. Madeley, K. Job, J. Pearson, M.C. Wale, K. Ait-Tahar, R.C. Slack, D.A.A. Ala'Aldeen
Journal: Journal of Infection (1999)
The pumping ability of the left heart and the effect of coronary occlusion.
Authors: G Elzinga, N Westerhof
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

In an isolated preparation of cat heart we studied the pumping capacity of the left heart while left atrial filling pressure was kept constant. We used the source impedance concept to quantify the pumping capacity. In this source impedance concept the relation between left ventricular output and left ventricular pressure is given by the formula (see article) where Zs = source impedance, Plv = left ventricular pressure, Iao = flow in the ascending aorta, and omega = 2pif, f being frequency.. The pressure obtained at zero flow is called the hydromotive pressure (HMP). Only the mean values of pressure and flow were studied. We studied the behavior of 10 hearts in three different experimental situations and in the following sequence: (1) control conditions, (2) after ligating a part of the left coronary arterial system, and (3) after restoring left ventricular output to control level by raising left atrial filling pressure. It was found that source resistance was not significantly different in the three situations but that mean hydromotive pressure (HMP) was significantly lower after ligation of a part of the left coronary arterial system. It was concluded that the decrease in pumping capacity of the left heart after infarction can be compensated for almost completely by an increase in left atrial filling pressure. This compensating mechanism therefore seems to be very efficient.