tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE MENACE OF POORLY FITTED SPECTACLES IN OLD PERSONS
Authors: JOHN J. MORTON
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Although it has been known for many years that chronic irritation plays a part in the localization of malignancy, little attention has been called to the mechanical injury caused by spectacles. Herz,<sup>1</sup>indeed, did report a basal cell cancer of the nose apparently due to the constant rubbing of glasses, and raised the question as to the frequency of such a finding. Three other writers have incidentally mentioned spectacles as the probable agent responsible for some of the cancers in their series of cases. Thus, Sweitzer<sup>2</sup>thought that this accounted for the etiology in one of his patients; Hazen<sup>3</sup>referred to six, and Sutton<sup>4</sup>to five other patients who had trauma from this cause as the evident stimulus. No additional reports have been encountered, although perhaps some have been overlooked. It seems to me that there must be many more such cases not recorded, as four
Silencing of Episomal Transgene Expression in Liver by Plasmid Bacterial Backbone DNA Is Independent of CpG Methylation
Authors: Zhi-Ying Chen, Efren Riu, Chen-Yi He, Hui Xu, Mark A Kay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Minicircle DNA vectors devoid of plasmid bacterial backbone, (BB) DNAs, are transcriptionally persistent, whereas their parent plasmid counterparts are silenced in the liver. In this study we establish that circular plasmid BB provided in trans did not silence a transgene expression cassette in vivo, further confirming our previous conclusions that the covalent attachment of the plasmid BB to the expression cassette is required for DNA silencing. Given the high concentration of CpG dinucleotides in the plasmid BB, we investigated the role of DNA methylation on transgene silencing in vivo. The presence or absence of methylation in CpG motifs in routine plasmid BBs had no significant effect on transcriptional silencing. Furthermore, the removal of the CpG motifs from the BB did not ameliorate transcriptional silencing. Transgene silencing was partially inhibited when two tandem copies of the chicken cHS4 insulator at each end of a routine plasmid vector were used. These results are consistent with the idea that the transcriptional repression observed with plasmid DNA vectors in the liver is caused by formation of repressive heterochromatin on the plasmid DNA backbone, which then spreads and inactivates the transgene in cis, and that CpG content or methylation has little or no influence in the process.
BAFF is elevated in serum of patients with psoriasis: association with disease activity
Authors: S. Samoud-El Kissi, Y. Galai, R. Sghiri, N. Kenani, N. Ben Alaya-Bouafif, J. Boukadida, M. Denguezli, R. Nouira, H. Louzir
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article BAFF is elevated in serum of patients with psoriasis: association with disease activity Get access S. Samoud‐El Kissi, S. Samoud‐El Kissi Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74 Tunis Belvedere‐Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Rue Ibn Jazzar Sousse 4000, Tunisia E‐mail:samarsamoud@voila.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Galai, Y. Galai Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74 Tunis Belvedere‐Tunis 1002, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Sghiri, R. Sghiri Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Rue Ibn Jazzar Sousse 4000, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Kenani, N. Kenani Department of Dermatology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Ben Alaya‐Bouafif, N. Ben Alaya‐Bouafif Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Boukadida, J. Boukadida Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Rue Ibn Jazzar Sousse 4000, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Denguezli, M. Denguezli Department of Dermatology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Nouira, R. Nouira Department of Dermatology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Louzir H. Louzir Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur BP 74 Tunis Belvedere‐Tunis 1002, Tunisia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 3, 1 September 2008, Pages 765–768, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08737.x Published: 01 September 2008
Antifungal Agents Useful in Therapy of Systemic Fungal Infections
Authors: G Medoff, J Brajtburg, G S Kobayashi, J Bolard
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1983)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Autophagy defends pancreatic β cells from human islet amyloid polypeptide-induced toxicity
Authors: Jacqueline F. Rivera, Safia Costes, Tatyana Gurlo, Charles G. Glabe, Peter C. Butler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by a deficiency in β cell mass, increased β cell apoptosis, and extracellular accumulation of islet amyloid derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), which β cells coexpress with insulin. IAPP expression is increased in the context of insulin resistance, the major risk factor for developing T2D. Human IAPP is potentially toxic, especially as membrane-permeant oligomers, which have been observed to accumulate within β cells of patients with T2D and rodents expressing human IAPP. Here, we determined that β cell IAPP content is regulated by autophagy through p62-dependent lysosomal degradation. Induction of high levels of human IAPP in mouse β cells resulted in accumulation of this amyloidogenic protein as relatively inert fibrils within cytosolic p62-positive inclusions, which temporarily averts formation of toxic oligomers. Mice hemizygous for transgenic expression of human IAPP did not develop diabetes; however, loss of β cell-specific autophagy in these animals induced diabetes, which was attributable to accumulation of toxic human IAPP oligomers and loss of β cell mass. In human IAPP-expressing mice that lack β cell autophagy, increased oxidative damage and loss of an antioxidant-protective pathway appeared to contribute to increased β cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that autophagy/lysosomal degradation defends β cells against proteotoxicity induced by oligomerization-prone human IAPP.
Dangers of amiodarone and anticoagulant treatment.
Authors: A Rees, J J Dalal, P G Reid, A H Henderson, M J Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Persistent involuntary movements after treatment with flupenthixolFlupenthixol decanoate, a thioxanthene derivative chemically similar to the phenothiazines, is a depot neuroleptic used in the treatment of psychosis.We describe a patient who developed intractable, involun- tary movements after treatment with this drug. Case reportA 17-year-old boy developed a paranoid psychosis with auditory hallucinaimproved sufficiently to walk unaided.Dystonic posturing of neck and trunk persisted, however, particularly on exercise.
Hyperthermia Inhibits Recombination Repair of Gemcitabine-Stalled Replication Forks
Authors: Mustafa Raoof, Cihui Zhu, Brandon T. Cisneros, Heping Liu, Stuart J. Corr, Lon J. Wilson, Steven A. Curley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundGemcitabine is a potent nucleoside analogue against solid tumors, but development of drug resistance is a substantial problem. Removal of gemcitabine incorporated into DNA by repair mechanisms may contribute to resistance in chemo-refractory solid tumors. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually very chemoresistant to gemcitabine.
Cimetidine-lnduced Granulocytopenia
Authors: HARRY W. CARLOSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Brief Reports1 July 1980Cimetidine-lnduced GranulocytopeniaHARRY W. CARLOSS, M.D., MEHDI TAVASSOLI, M.D., ROBERT MCMILLAN, M.D.HARRY W. CARLOSS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MEHDI TAVASSOLI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT MCMILLAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-1-57 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeveral reports have described marrow suppression and granulocytopenia associated with the use of Cimetidine (1-4). In these cases, because of concomitant ingestion of other drugs and the use of chemotherapeutic agents, radiation therapy, or other possible causes of granulocytopenia and marrow suppression, the granulocytopenia could not be solely attributed to Cimetidine. We report here a case, however, in which the patient was twice challenged with Cimetidine with granulocytopenia occurring both times, firm evidence for its being the sole causative agent.A 67-year-old man was admitted for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. He had a long history of psoriasis that had been treated...References1. CHANGMORRISON HS. Bone-marrow suppression associated with Cimetidine. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:580. LinkGoogle Scholar2. AL-KAWASLENESSACHER FBR. Cimetidine and agranulocytosis. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:992-3. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar3. DE GALOCSYVAN YPERSELE DE STRIHOU CC. Pancytopenia with Cimetidine. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:274. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar4. POSNETTSTEINGRABERKRANTZ DRSS. Cimetidine-induced neutropenia: a possible dose-related phenomenon. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:584-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. FRESTON J. Cimetidine and granulocytopenia. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:264-5. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation La Jolla, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCimetidine induced pancytopeniaHaematological Adverse Effects of Histamine H2-Receptor AntagonistsCimetidine suppression of CFU-C in malesSide Effects of Histamine2-Receptor AntagonistsThe Digestive SystemMebhydrolin Induced AgranulocytosisAntihistaminesFATAL AGRANULOCYTOSIS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CIMETIDINEHematologic Effects of CimetidineFORTUNATO V. ELIZAGA, M.D., ROBERT T.S. JIM, M.D., CARLOS B.C. LAM, M.D., STEVEN J. BERMAN, M.D. 1 July 1980Volume 93, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 57-58KeywordsBone marrowChemotherapeutic agentsDrug therapyHemorrhageIngestionPsoriasisRadiation therapy Issue Published: 1 July 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Inhibition of Lactation
Authors: A. W. Chester
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The inhibition of lactation by prescribing free fluid intake described by Mr. C.K.  Vartan (4 January p. 50) is a most satisfactory method of suppression.  The disadvantages of the stilboestrol method the secondary engorgement of the breasts and the withdrawal bleeding which sometimes occur are eliminated.  It would appear now that the risk of venous thrombosis is greatly reduced.  Free fluids have been used for a considerable time as the sole method of suppression of lactation in out maternity unit and we have found it most effective.  Stilboestrol does not appear to have any superior advantage.  I can recommend the free fluid technique to Dr. D.D. Brown (4 January p. 50) as a thoroughly satisfactory replacement for stilboestrol in the suppression of lactation.  (Full text)
Stereochemistries of monapinones produced by Talaromyces pinophilus FKI-3864
Authors: Ryuji Uchida, Mio Kawaguchi, Noriko Sato, Hiroshi Tomoda
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

Monapinones A (1) to E (5), half parts of dinapinones, were produced by fermentation of Talaromyces pinophilus FKI-3864 in seawater-containing medium and have a common dihydronaphthopyranone skeleton with a different long alkyl chain. The relative stereochemistries of 3–5 were elucidated by various NMR experiments including analysis of 1H NMR coupling constants, ROESY and the dihedral angles. The absolute stereochemistries of 3–5 at C-3 were determined by the circular dichroism spectra in comparison to the data of (R)- and (S)-semivioxanthins (6 and 7). Accordingly, total absolute stereochemistries of 3–5 were concluded to be 3S,13R,15R,17R,19R,3S,13R,15R,17R and 3S,13R,15R, respectively.
Experimental IgA nephropathy.
Authors: A Rifai, P A Small, P O Teague, E M Ayoub
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

An animal model for IgA immune complex nephritis was developed. IgA immune complexes formed in vitro with an IgA anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) derived from MOPC-315 plasmacytoma, and dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) produced mild focal glomerulonephritis in mice. Similar, but more severe pathological changes were produced with complexes formed in vivo either in normal mice or MOPC-315 tumor-bearing mice. In contrast to the focal nature of the PAS-positive glomerular lesions observed by light microscopy, immunofluorescent examination revealed IgA deposits in all glomeruli. This discrepancy between immunofluorescent and histopathologic findings as well as the distribution of the immune complexes within the affected glomeruli, are some of the features which bear resemblance between this experimental model and human IgA nephropathy. Fixation of complements by DNP-BSA-IgA immune complexes, formed in vitro or in vivo, was shown to occur in the glomeruli of mice with IgA immune complex nephropathy. The pattern of C3 glomerular deposits was similar to that of IgA. However, complement proved to be nonessential for complex deposition. This conclusion is based on the observation that decomplemented mice, although showing no deposition of C3 in their glomerulus, developed glomerular immunohistological changes similar to those observed in experimental mice that were not decomplemented. Polymeric IgA was observed to be critical for renal deposition of complexes and induction of nephritic histological changes. In contrast, monomeric IgA immune complexes failed to produce glomerular deposits. This finding raises the possibility that secretory IgA, which is predominantly polymeric, may play a role in human IgA-associated glomerulonephritis.
Olmesartan, But Not Amlodipine, Improves Endothelium-Dependent Coronary Dilation in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Masanao Naya, Takahiro Tsukamoto, Koichi Morita, Chietsugu Katoh, Tomoo Furumoto, Satoshi Fujii, Nagara Tamaki, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Postcoital Contraception With Diethylstilbestrol
Authors: Lucile Kirtland Kuchera
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A follow-up study was made of 1000 women of child-bearing age who were given, within 72 hours of sexual exposure, 25 mg of diethylstilbestrol twice daily for 5 days, by the University of Michigan Health Service in 1967, to determine frequency and nature of side effects and the character of the following menses. No pregnancies resulted and no serious side effects were reported. 44% of the participants reported slight or intermittent nausea; 31.5% reported no side reactions at all. 40% of the participants had normal menses following use of the diethylstilbestrol, and no serious irregularities were reported. Tables are also provided giving time of sexual exposure in relation to the menstrual cycle, and the prophylaxis used in the individual case, if any. Patients were reminded that diethylstilbestrol is an emergency contraceptive treatment and were encouraged to seek other means of contraception if regularly needed.
A simple and sensitive test for field diagnosis of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.
Authors: P. Salotra, G. Sreenivas, V. Ramesh, S. Sundar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article A simple and sensitive test for field diagnosis of post kala‐azar dermal leishmaniasis Get access P. Salotra, P. Salotra Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Post Box 4909, New Delhi 110, 029, India Department of Dermatology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India Dr Poonam Salotra. E‐mail: salotra@vsnl.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Sreenivas, G. Sreenivas Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Post Box 4909, New Delhi 110, 029, India Department of Dermatology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Ramesh, V. Ramesh Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Post Box 4909, New Delhi 110, 029, India Department of Dermatology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Sundar S. Sundar Kala‐Azar Medical Research Centre, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 145, Issue 4, 1 October 2001, Pages 630–632, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04434.x Published: 01 October 2001
A Mathematical Model of Tissue–Blood Carbon Dioxide Exchange during Hypoxia
Authors: Guillermo Gutierrez
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

A two-compartment mass transport model of tissue CO(2) exchange is developed to examine the relative contributions of blood flow and cellular hypoxia (dysoxia) to increases in tissue and venous blood CO(2) concentration. The model assumes perfectly mixed homogeneous conditions, steady-state equilibrium, and CO(2) production occurring exclusively at the tissues. The behavior of the model is compared with published data derived from an isolated dog hindlimb preparation subjected to either reductions in blood flow (ischemic hypoxia) or decreases in arterial PO(2) (hypoxic hypoxia). The results of the model corroborate the experimental finding of greater venous and tissue CO(2) concentrations with ischemic hypoxia than with hypoxic hypoxia. The model also predicts increases in tissue CO(2) concentration under conditions of adequate O(2) supply if CO(2) transfer from tissue to blood becomes impaired. Consequently, from a theoretical perspective, it appears that increases in the tissue or venous blood CO(2) concentration are neither sensitive nor specific markers of tissue dysoxia. The results of the model support the notion that changes in tissue and venous blood CO(2) concentration during dysoxia reflect primarily alterations in vascular perfusion and not scarcity in cellular energy supply.
Effects of a Weight Management Program on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters in Overweight Children
Authors: Mary Savoye, Melissa Shaw, James Dziura, William V. Tamborlane, Paulina Rose, Cindy Guandalini, Rachel Goldberg-Gell, Tania S. Burgert, Anna M. G. Cali, Ram Weiss, Sonia Caprio
Journal: JAMA (2007)

HE PREVALENCE OF OVER-weight among children and adolescents increased significantly from 1999-2004, with 17% overall defined as overweight and with an even higher prevalence among African American youth (18%-26%). 1Attention has focused on the increase of type 2 diabetes in adolescents that has accompanied the epidemic of childhood obesity, which is due to a combination of severe insulin resistance and progressive beta-cell failure, and is more common in African American and Hispanic youth. 2,3However, an even greater proportion of obese children have impaired glucose tolerance, 4 as well as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and other components of the metabolic syndrome. 3,5Since an overweight child has a high probability of becoming an overweight adult, 6 the grave concerns for the long-term health of obese children are well justified.While intensive lifestyle programs can have positive clinical outcomes in adults, 7 few studies have reported successful interventions in children and
Bias in identifying and recruiting participants in cluster randomised trials: what can be done?
Authors: S. Eldridge, S. Kerry, D. J Torgerson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Cluster randomised trials are widely used to evaluate certain types of interventions, where groups of participants rather than individuals are randomised.Allocation concealment is regarded as crucial for individually randomised trials so that bias in the patients recruited can be avoided.However recruiting subjects blind to their allocation status presents particular challenges for cluster trials.Many trial reports suggest that investigators are not aware of any difficulties that lack of blinding may cause.For investigators who are aware, it is often difficult to see how lack of blinding can be avoided.This paper describes some strategies that can be used to reduce bias in identifying and recruiting participants: (i) not recruiting individual participants, (ii) recruiting participants before randomisation, (iii) recruiting in settings outside the clusters, (iv) masking recruiters.Authors of trial reports should ensure that they report how participants were identified and at what stage this was done, as well as reporting the potential eligible population in each cluster where possible.If these steps are taken then bias in future trials will be reduced and greater transparency of reporting will increase confidence in trial results.
Personal Awareness and Effective Patient Care
Authors: Ramaiah Indudhara
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Novack and colleagues<sup>1</sup>was more personal opinion than scientific article. Therefore, it is not surprising that the authors comment, "For instance, Pakistani and Indian residents often come to the United States without formal training in pelvic... or testicular... examinations." This statement is biased. I can assure the authors and the readers of<i>JAMA</i>that the undergraduate curriculum in most Indian medical schools has structured programs for training in detailed clinical examination, including pelvic and scrotal examination. In fact, unlike US training (where emphasis is more on sophisticated laboratory and other investigations), in developing nations the emphasis is much more on clinical medicine. My personal experience in the United States is that patients undergo scrotal ultrasound or pelvic ultrasound without prior clinical examination by the ordering physicians. On many occasions in my surgery-urology practice, I have been called to see a patient with
Clonidine in Hypertensive Urgencies-Reply
Authors: Ron J. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The use of oral clonidine loading for hypertensive urgencies would have limited use if clonidine could not serve as a major component of long-term maintenance therapy. After all, the ability to control blood pressure (BP) on a long-term basis is "the test of the pudding." An attempt is commonly made to extrapolate information obtained from safety and efficacy trials using volunteer subjects. Therefore, we purposely enrolled an inception cohort that is comparable with the population of severely hypertensive patients served by Parkland Memorial Hospital's emergency room. We did not exclude patients with a history of noncompliance. Neither did we exclude three patients with chronic alcoholism nor one patient with a history of heroin addiction. No patient merely had clonidine therapy reinstituted. A 55% "dropout" rate had been experienced in a similar population of Parkland patients within six months.<sup>1</sup>In the clonidine loading study, patients were hospitalized and