tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A p‐nitrophenylphosphatase activity associated with the human erythrocyte membrane
Authors: Renee E. Brissette, Norbert I. Swislocki, Earlene Brown Cunningham
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract A p‐nitrophenylphosphatase activity has been identified as a component of the human erythrocyte membrane. This activity is distinct from that associated with the cell's Na + + K ‐dependent ATPase, Ca 2+ ‐dependent ATPase, or spectrin phosphatase. The activity described here is stimulated by Mn 2+ but not by Ca 2+ with or without calmodulin. A potential erythrocyte membrane substrate for this activity is a 95 kDa phosphoprotein that can be shown to undergo Mn 2+ ‐stimulated but not Mg 2+ ‐stimulated dephosphorylation.
Is Small-Pox Contagious before the Eruption Appears?
Authors: T. J. Hutton
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —A man afflicted with small-pox walked our streets one day last week, causing no small degree of popular and journalistic agitation. A prominent physician who had examined the case is reported as saying: " I do not know that small-pox is contagious in the first three or four days, before the eruption comes out." I can assure the profession that this malady is<b>contagious</b>in the pre-eruptive stage, and will now adduce a case in point: One night during the year ending July 1, 1872, a young German clerk sought admittance to the Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. The Superintendent, William V. Blower, arose from his bed to admit the patient, but although not a medical man himself, upon seeing and questioning him he suspected the malady might be a contagious one, and as such were not admissible, he awoke me for advice. Although
Growing Hispanic Association Serves Increasing Population
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Paraneoplastic pemphigus in association with a retroperitoneal Castleman's disease presenting with a lichen planus pemphigoides-like eruption. A case report and review of literature
Authors: C-J. Hsiao, M.m-L. Hsu, J.y-Y. Lee, W-C. Chen, W.C. Hsieh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

A 50-year-old man presented with severe mucosal erosions of the lips, oral cavity and perianal area, a lichen planus-like eruption on the trunk and extremities and scaly plaques of the palms and soles. The clinical impression was of Stevens--Johnson syndrome, or paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP). Histopathology revealed vacuolar interface and lichenoid dermatitis with dyskeratosis and suprabasal acantholytic vesiculation. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposition of IgG in the intercellular space and linear deposition of C3 along the basal membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed circulating IgG with intercellular staining of the epithelium of rat urinary bladder. Western blotting demonstrated bands of 250- and 230-kDa antigens. The clinical, histological and immunological features were consistent with the lichen planus pemphigoides variant of PNP. A retroperitoneal hyaline-vascular Castleman's disease was detected and excised. The skin lesions worsened initially after tumour resection but improved gradually, leaving extensive melanosis after cyclosporin and mycophenolate mofetil treatment.
Cancer survivors face substantial financial burdens, US report says
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

People who survive cancer face significant financial burdens from higher medical costs and lost productivity due to disability and illness, says an analysis in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report .1

An estimated 13.4 million people (4.6%) in the United States are cancer survivors. Over the next decade, due to improvements in cancer detection and care, that number is expected to increase by more than 30% to 18 million. About half of cancer survivors are of working age.

Using data collected from 2008 to 2011 by the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey—a nationally representative survey conducted each year—the researchers found that …
Characterization of a [Ca2+]i-dependent current in human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes in the absence of Na+ and K+
Authors: O Köster
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objectives: In situations of [Ca2+]i-overload, arrhythmias are believed to be triggered by delayed afterdepolarizations, which are generated by a transient inward current ITI. This study was designed to examine [Ca2+]i-dependent membrane currents in the absence of the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger as possible contributors to ITI in human cardiac cells. Methods: The whole cell voltage clamp technique was used for electrophysiological measurements in human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes. [Ca2+]i-measurements were performed using the fluorescent Ca2+-indicator fura-2. All solutions were Na+-free. Voltage-independent [Ca2+]i-transients were elicited by rapid caffeine applications. Results: In atrial myocytes, caffeine induced a transient membrane current in the absence of Na+ and K+. This current could be suppressed by internal EGTA (10 mM). Cl− did not contribute to this current. Experiments with different cations suggested non-selectivity for Cs+ and Li+, whereas N-methyl-d-glucamine appeared to be impermeable. Voltage ramps indicated a linear current–voltage relation in the range of +80 to −80 mV. Fluorescence measurements revealed a dissociation between the time courses of current and bulk [Ca2+]i-signal. In ventricular cardiomyocytes, caffeine failed to induce transient currents in 54 cells from 22 different patients with or without terminal heart failure. Conclusions: In human atrial cardiomyocytes, a [Ca2+]i-dependent nonspecific cation channel is expressed and may contribute to triggered arrhythmias in situations of [Ca2+]i-overload. No evidence could be found for the existence of a [Ca2+]i-dependent chloride current in atrial cells. In ventricular cells, neither a [Ca2+]i-dependent nonspecific cation channel nor a [Ca2+]i-dependent chloride channel seems to be expressed. Possible delayed afterdepolarizations in human ventricular myocardium might therefore be carried by the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger alone.
The Cost Effectiveness of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Disease
Authors: Kenneth A. Freedberg, Elena Losina, Milton C. Weinstein, A. David Paltiel, Calvin J. Cohen, George R. Seage, Donald E. Craven, Hong Zhang, April D. Kimmel, Sue J. Goldie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Combination antiretroviral therapy with a combination of three or more drugs has become the standard of care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States. We estimated the clinical benefits and cost effectiveness of three-drug antiretroviral regimens.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Peter M. Winter
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ACUTE carbon monoxide poisoning accounts for approximately 3,500 accidental or suicidal deaths per year in the United States. Many are preventable by medical management based on physiologic understanding. <h3>Pathophysiology</h3> Carbon monoxide poisoning and its mechanism have been known since Claude Bernard reported in 1857 that this gas caused death by hypoxia, consequent on its reversible combination with hemoglobin.<sup>1</sup>The equilibrium reactions were well described by Haldane in 1895.<sup>2</sup>Excellent reviews are available.<sup>3,4</sup> The effects of CO in concentrations encountered clinically are based entirely on its combination with hemoglobin, displacement of oxygen, and consequent disruption of the O<sub>2</sub>transport system. Carbon monoxide competes with O<sub>2</sub>for binding sites on the hemoglobin molecule, and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is without practical function as a carrier of O<sub>2</sub>. Because affinity of CO for hemoglobin is 230 to 270 times as great as that of O<sub>2</sub>, the latter is
Worlds Apart
Authors: Joel D. Howell, Nicole Lurie, James O Woolliscroft
Journal: JAMA (1987)

WELCOME to the University Hospital outpatient department. We'd like to take a few minutes to orient you to the clinic, and to make your rotation here more rewarding by pointing out some of the differences between inpatient and outpatient medicine. During the next few years, outpatient medicine will become increasingly important. Because hospitals are so expensive, they are being used less often for extensive inpatient evaluations. As a result, medical care has tended to move here, to the outpatient clinic, where care will continue to be less expensive for most illnesses in which there is an option, even if—as many expect—prospective payment or capitation is widely adopted for use in the outpatient clinic. But both medicine and patients have much to gain by this shift. Outpatient medicine has the potential to be more effective in improving people's health than inpatient medicine. It is where most patients see doctors and where
The antioxidant N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy in in vivo murine pressure-overload model
Authors: Moto-o Date, Takashi Morita, Nobushige Yamashita, Kazuhiko Nishida, Osamu Yamaguchi, Yoshiharu Higuchi, Shinichi Hirotani, Yasushi Matsumura, Masatsugu Hori, Michihiko Tada, Kinya Otsu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Erythropoietin regulates vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis by a phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-dependent pathway
Authors: Tetsu Akimoto, Eiji Kusano, Toshiya Inaba, Osamu Iimura, Hideaki Takahashi, Hiromi Ikeda, Chiharu Ito, Yasuhiro Ando, Keiya Ozawa, Yasushi Asano
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, and curcumin: A randomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled cross‐over 4g study and an open‐label 8g extension study
Authors: Terry Golombick, Terrence H. Diamond, Arumugam Manoharan, Rajeev Ramakrishna
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) represent useful models for studying multiple myeloma precursor disease, and for developing early intervention strategies. Administering a 4g dose of curcumin, we performed a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study, followed by an open-label extension study using an 8g dose to assess the effect of curcumin on FLC response and bone turnover in patients with MGUS and SMM. 36 patients (19 MGUS and 17 SMM) were randomised into two groups: one received 4g curcumin and the other 4g placebo, crossing over at 3 months. At completion of the 4g arm, all patients were given the option of entering an open-label, 8g dose extension study. Blood and urine samples were collected at specified intervals for specific marker analyses. Group values are expressed as mean ± 1 SD. Data from different time intervals within groups were compared using Student's paired t-test. 25 patients completed the 4g cross-over study and 18 the 8g extension study. Curcumin therapy decreased the free light-chain ratio (rFLC), reduced the difference between clonal and nonclonal light-chain (dFLC) and involved free light-chain (iFLC). uDPYD, a marker of bone resorption, decreased in the curcumin arm and increased on the placebo arm. Serum creatinine levels tended to diminish on curcumin therapy. These findings suggest that curcumin might have the potential to slow the disease process in patients with MGUS and SMM.
A Randomized Trial of Continuing Medical Education
Authors: John C. Sibley, David L. Sackett, Victor Neufeld, Brian Gerrard, K. Vincent Rudnick, William Fraser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Abstract To determine whether continuing medical education affects the quality of clinical care, we randomly allocated 16 Ontario family physicians to receive or not receive continuing-education packages covering clinical problems commonly confronted in general practice. Over 4500 episodes of care, provided before and after the program of continuing education, were compared with preset clinical criteria and classified according to quality. Although objective tests confirmed that the study physicians learned from the packages, there was little effect on the overall quality of care. When the topics were of relatively great interest to the physicians, the control group (who did not receive the packages) showed as much improvement as did the study group. When the topics were not preferred, however, the documented quality of care provided by study physicians rose (P<0.05) and differed from that provided by control physicians (P = 0.01). Finally, there was no spillover effect on clinical problems not directly covered by the program. In view of the trend toward mandatory continuing education and the resources expended, it is time to reconsider whether it works. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 306:511–5.)
Medicine, Medicolegal Programs and the Press: A Reassessment
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Physicians generally tolerate the press and other mass media rather badly. They guard their patients' and their own privacy and confidentiality with a zealot-like intensity, even when the interest of the public in the matter may be very high. Usually, this ethical posture is quite justified, but it has its limitations. Physicians giving medical treatment to public figures have sometimes imposed too impenetrable a barrier around their patients — a white-gauze curtain — to the extent of actually distorting the true picture of the situation. Witness the protective screen of physicians around Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Roosevelt. This tradition . . .
Administration of interleukin-7 after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation improves immune reconstitution without aggravating graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Onder Alpdogan, Cornelius Schmaltz, Stephanie J. Muriglan, Barry J. Kappel, Miguel-Angel Perales, Jimmy A. Rotolo, Jens A. Halm, Benjamin E. Rich, Marcel R. M. van den Brink
Journal: Blood (2001)
Statement on Child Abuse and Neglect
Authors: Howard G. McQuarrie
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Child abuse and neglect in the United States have become increasingly ominous. Each year a rising number of infant children die or suffer permanent brain damage. Helpless children need protection from destructive behavior; simultaneously, the physician must guard against punitive abuse of the abuser and should sympathetically seek out the underlying parental pathologic condition that provoked the behavior.  Most abusive parents are lonely, isolated, and frustrated people; they probably received inadequate parental care in their own formative years and were themselves abused or rejected. They usually single out one child for maltreatment, a child who serves as a special source of irritation to the parent, who under stress or in crises loses all self-control. The child at risk in such a home must be protected; however, child and abuser alike need attention, concern, and treatment to permit the child to live and develop normally within his natural family without fear
A Genomic Screen for Modifiers of Tauopathy Identifies Puromycin-Sensitive Aminopeptidase as an Inhibitor of Tau-Induced Neurodegeneration
Authors: Stanislav L. Karsten, Tzu-Kang Sang, Lauren T. Gehman, Shreyasi Chatterjee, Jiankai Liu, George M. Lawless, Soma Sengupta, Robert W. Berry, Justine Pomakian, Hyun S. Oh, Cordula Schulz, Koon-Sea Hui, Martina Wiedau-Pazos, Harry V. Vinters, Lester I. Binder, Daniel H. Geschwind, George R. Jackson
Journal: Neuron (2006)
LARYNGEAL PERICHONDRITIS COMPLICATING TYPHOID FEVER.
Authors: M. H. FUSSELL
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Perichondritis as a complication or sequel of typhoid fever has been known since the beginning of the present century. Nevertheless, the text-books upon medicine, with rare exceptions, make no mention of the fact. Perhaps all of the books speak of laryngitis or of ulceration of the larynx, but very few of perichondritis as the result of this ulceration. Osler has seen but two cases, both of which recovered. Hutchinson quotes Greisenger as an authority for its occasional presence. Strümpell says the disorders which attack the less superficial structures of the larynx are fortunately rare. Chief among them is laryngeal perichondritis. This complication is justly regarded as of bad omen, and may lead to the rapid development of laryngeal edema with great obstruction. Greisenger and Betke were among the very first to study this condition; they made studies of the condition of the larynx in persons who had died of typhoid
Caring for Older People: Carers
Authors: A. F Travers
Journal: BMJ (1996)

ing dose being in the region of 36-40 mg/day, with an experienced addict taking up to 80-100 mg daily.Methadone is well absorbed orally, producing peak plasma concentrations within two to four hours and peak clinical effects within one to two hours.The drug concentrations correlate well with respiratory depres- sion and miosis, with the clinical effects lasting more than 72 hours in some subjects after a single oral dose.2As little as 40-50 mg may produce coma and respiratory depression in a non-tolerant adult.3As the half life of methadone varies between 25 and 52 hours, overdose can lead to a protracted clinical course.Methadone toxicity is more likely in those trying the drug for the first time before tolerance has had time to develop.4Deaths related to methadone are increasing,' with patients starting on maintenance programmes being at particular risk.6Because the sedative and depressant effects of methadone do not develop immediately, it is easy to take a large amount without being aware that harm is being done.One addict's daily main- tenance dose of 50-100 mg can cause life threatening poisoning in a non-tolerant adult.7Although plasma methadone concentrations have been recommended as a routine way of monitoring treatment,8 interpretation must take into account whether the individual has recently started treatnent or is stabilised on a maintenance dose.We recommend that patients with methadone overdose are admitted to hospital empirically for 72 hours, during which time their oxygen saturation should be continuously monitored with an oximeter and prompt referral made to intensive care if they suffer altered consciousness or hypoxia.Regardless of the duration of hospital stay, we also suggest that patients should be monitored with an oximeter for a further 24 hours after discontinuation of naloxone infusion.
Is Altered Body Fat Distribution Responsible for Reduced Pulmonary Function in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Adult Women?
Authors: Carmela Maiolo, Ehab I. Mohamed, Angela Andreoli, Nicola Candeloro, Paolo Rossi, Antonino De Lorenzo
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Most patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight (1), and their fat-distribution pattern shows more truncal and less peripheral subcutaneous fat. Particularly, adult women with type 2 diabetes have been reported to have significantly reduced lower-body fat compared with normoglycemic women matched for age and BMI (2). With regard to the association between diabetes and pulmonary function, only a few studies have described pulmonary function in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and their results are conflicting. Lange et al. (3) reported reductions in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) among type 2 diabetic patients of different ages. The Rancho Bernardo Study (4), on the other hand, found no relationship between type 2 diabetes and pulmonary function in normal-weight adults.

The effects of obesity on ventilatory parameters may depend on both the distribution and size of excess adipose tissue, and may also change according to the specific pattern of body fat deposition. In fact, decreased ventilatory parameters have been reported to be associated with the accumulation of fat in the abdominal region, which impedes the descent of the diaphragm into the abdominal cavity. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is an accurate and precise method …
Malaria in US Marines Returning From Somalia
Authors: James A. Newton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To identify malaria in US Marines returning from Somalia and to determine their compliance with chemoprophylaxis.Case series.The US Navy health care system.Consecutive sample of 106 US Marines diagnosed with malaria after returning from Somalia in 1993.Identification of the incidence and clinical features of imported malaria. Determination of compliance with chemoprophylaxis in this cohort.As of December 20, 1993, there were 112 cases of imported malaria in 106 US Marine Corps personnel returning from Somalia. Plasmodium vivax accounted for 97 (87%) of 112 malaria cases, and Plasmodium falciparum accounted for eight (7%) of 112 cases. Mixed infection with P vivax and P falciparum was noted in six (5%) of 112 cases, and a single case of Plasmodium malariae was identified. Patients with P falciparum malaria were diagnosed a mean of 20.9 days (range, 1 to 82 days) after returning to the United States compared with 91.8 days (range, 7 to 228 days) for P vivax infection (P < .0001). The self-reported chemoprophylaxis compliance rate was 56%; however, only 45 (50%) of 90 patients were given an optimal chemoprophylaxis regimen.Noncompliance with personal protective measures and chemoprophylaxis contributed to the largest outbreak of imported malaria in US military personnel since the Vietnam conflict. Since military personnel frequently go on leave after deployment, health care providers throughout the United States must be aware of the presence of imported malaria from Somalia.
Modified Basophil Degranulation Test in Diagnosis of Bee and Wasp
Authors: Y. Mumguoglu, F. Wortmann
Journal: Allergy (1980)

A modified basophil degranulation test proved reliable and easily reproducible in the investigation of 50 patients with allergies to bee and/or wasp stings. Its diagnostic value is comparable to that of the RAST and it is, in addition, simpler, quicker and cheaper. Its disadvantage is that it has to be performed within 24–36 hour after withdrawal of blood.
ACUTE TOXIC EFFECTS OF MERCURIAL DIURETICS
Authors: William H. Higgins
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Mercurial diuretics were introduced into general use about twelve years ago. It was early demonstrated that acute renal lesions were definite contraindications to their employment, but with this exception there was no particular danger even when given over a long period of time. However, in 1937 Greenwald and Jacobson<sup>1</sup>reported 2 cases and Wolf<sup>2</sup>a third case of sudden death following an intravenous injection of a mercurial diuretic. Recently Tyson<sup>3</sup>has added 1 more fatality and 1 near fatal reaction immediately following this therapeutic procedure. In this entire group there were both clinical and typical postmortem changes indicative of a chronic lipoid nephrosis. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A. H., a man aged 53, was admitted to Stuart Circle Hospital with a history of hypertension for from eighteen to twenty years. He had been symptom free until two years before admission, when following an attack of influenza swelling of