tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diphtheroid endocarditis after electrolysis.
Authors: W O Cookson, A R Harris
Journal: BMJ (1981)

the resected specimen confirmed a squamous-cell carcinoma, with metastases in one of three mediastinal lymph nodes.Radiotherapy was not given.He remained well until February 1972, when he developed acute bronchitis.At that time minor symptoms of oesophageal reflux were noted and barium-swallow examination showed no recurrence or any delay in gastric emptying or screening.His bronchitis persisted with the development of asthma, necessitating admission and treatment with corticosteroids in October 1975.Two months later, while still receiving steroid treatment, he was admitted as an emergency with an intrathoracic perforation of the gastric remnant (figure (a)).After intrathoracic drainage and resuscitation right thoracotomy showed two benign peptic ulcers on the anterior wall of the stomach, away from the oesophagogastric anastomosis.Both ulcers had perforated.They were excised and the stomach closed.No recurrent tumour was seen.Chest radiographs (a) at time of gastric perforation; (b) after recovery and discharge from hospital.The patient recovered and returned to work with a small sinus persisting in the centre of the wound (figure (b)).In August 1976 the sinus discharge increased and he was admitted for further investigations and exploration of the wound.Before surgery was undertaken, however, he developed sudden left hemiplegia and died shortly afterwards.Postmortem examination was not performed.
Selective hepatic insulin resistance in a murine model heterozygous for a mitochondrial trifunctional protein defect
Authors: Scott R. Rector, Matthew E. Morris, Suzanne Ridenhour, Grace M. Meers, Fong-Fu Hsu, John Turk, Jamal A. Ibdah
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Abstract Earlier reports suggest a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and development of hepatic insulin resistance. Here we used a murine model heterozygous (HET) for a mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) gene defect to determine if a primary defect in mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation disrupts hepatic insulin action. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and signaling studies were performed for assessment of whole-body and hepatic insulin resistance/signaling. In addition, hepatic fatty acid oxidation and hepatic insulin action were assessed in vitro using primary hepatocytes isolated from HET and wildtype (WT) mice. In both hepatic mitochondria and isolated primary hepatocytes, heterozygosity of MTP caused an ˜50% reduction in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, a significantly impaired glucose disposal during the insulin clamp, and a markedly lower insulin-stimulated suppression of hepatic glucose production. HET mice also exhibited impaired insulin signaling, with increased hepatic phosphorylation of IRS2 (ser731) and reduced Akt phosphorylation (ser473) in both hepatic tissue and isolated primary hepatocytes. Assessment of insulin-stimulated FOXO1/phospho-FOXO1 protein content and PEPCK/G6Pase messenger RNA (mRNA) expression did not reveal differences between HET and WT mice. However, insulin-induced phosphorylation of GSK3β was significantly blunted in HET mice. Hepatic insulin resistance was associated with an increased methylation status of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A-C), but was not associated with differences in hepatic diacylglycerol content, activated protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε), inhibitor κB kinase β (IKK-β), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), or phospho-JNK protein contents. Surprisingly, hepatic ceramides were significantly lower in the HET mice compared with WT. Conclusion : A primary defect in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation causes hepatic insulin resistance selective to hepatic glycogen metabolism that is associated with elevated methylated PP2A-C, but independent of other mechanisms commonly considered responsible for insulin resistance.
ENZYMATICALLY PRODUCED SUBUNITS OF PROTEINS FORMED BY PLASMA CELLS IN MICE
Authors: Brigitte A. Askonas, J. L. Fahey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The relationship of Bence Jones protein (mol wt = 45,000) to a beta(2A)-myeloma protein (mol wt = 160,000) formed by the same mouse plasma cell tumor (MPC-2) was investigated. The beta(2A)-myeloma protein was split by treatment with papain and cysteine into fragments (S(20,w) = 3.7S), similar in size to the Bence Jones protein (S(20,w) = 3.6S). Two types of fragments with distinct antigenic groupings designated S and F, were present in the MPC-2 myeloma protein digest. These were partially separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The Bence Jones protein was found to share antigenic determinants with S fragments from the MPC-2 beta(2A)-myeloma protein and with S fragments from gamma-globulins. Physicochemical observations indicated, however, that the Bence Jones protein was not identical to the globulin fragments produced by treatment with papain and cysteine. Comparison of the S and F fragments from beta(2A)- and gamma-globulins revealed that the antigenic features shared by the various globulins derived from plasma cells (gamma- and beta(2A)-myeloma proteins, the range of normal gamma-globulins) are largely properties of the S fragments, whereas the distinctive antigenic differences between the gamma- and beta(2A)-myeloma proteins were properties which appeared in the F fragments of the molecules.
Tudor Griffiths Davies
Authors: Dilys Davies
Journal: BMJ (2006)

of medicine at Oxford, Emory, Yale, and Washington, who discovered the pathology of fever in infections and advocated death with dignity At the height of the brain drain, when Britain was haemorrhaging researchers to the United States, Paul Beeson left a chair of medicine at Yale to become Nuffield professor of medicine at Oxford.He reformed the curriculum, edited two textbooks and the Oxford Companion to Medicine, and laid the foundations for Oxford's pre-eminence in infectious diseases.He was awarded an honorary KBE.Beeson inspired generations of students with his concern for patients.He showed that hepatitis could be transmitted by blood transfusion, and brought new insights into the causes of high persistent fevers.He also discovered the cytokine interleukin-1.During the second world war he was one of the volunteer US doctors who staffed Harvard Hospital in Salisbury.He was professor of medicine at three US universities: Emory, Yale, and Washington.Although he started as a conservative who intended to follow a career in private practice, he ended as a liberal concerned with the uninsured and old, medical ethics, and the medical consequences of nuclear warfare.Professor John Stein of Oxford University told the BMJ, "Paul Beeson was a wonderful clinician, and incredibly kind to young people like me."Paul Beeson was born in rural Montana, United States, and brought up in Anchorage, Alaska, where
Reviews and Notes: Neurology: Clinical Autonomic Disorders: Evaluation and Management
Authors: Paul L. Schraeder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 February 1994Reviews and Notes: Neurology: Clinical Autonomic Disorders: Evaluation and ManagementPaul L. SchraederPaul L. SchraederCooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Camden, NJ 08103.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-4-199402150-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Clinical Autonomic Disorders: Evaluation and ManagementPhillip A. Low; ed. 800 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1993. $165.00.The autonomic nervous system is regarded by most physicians as a black box with two independent components. With this pervasive premise, it is little wonder that disorders of the autonomic nervous system have received relatively scant attention in mainstream medical education and publications. A different reality is presented by this comprehensive text. The book's classic organization features three sections: the scientific basis, evaluation of autonomic function, and clinical disorders. This division has not inhibited a continual interweaving of anatomy, physiology, evaluative techniques, pharmacology, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Camden, NJ 08103. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1994Volume 120, Issue 4Page: 350KeywordsAutonomic nervous systemClinical pharmacologyMultiple sclerosisNeuroanatomyNeurologyNeuropathyReflexesResearch laboratoriesSleepSympathetic nervous system ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Fluoxetine in Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Jouko K. Salminen, Hasse Karlsson, Jarmo Hietala, Jaana Kajander, Sargo Aalto, Juha Markkula, Helena Rasi-Hakala, Tuula Toikka
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; There are few studies comparing the efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) and pharmacotherapy in major depressive disorder. We conducted a comparative study on the efficacy of STPP versus fluoxetine treatment in patients with major depressive disorder in a primary care setting. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Fifty-one patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-IV) of mild or moderate severity were recruited through occupational health services providing primary health care. Patients were randomized to receive either STPP (1 session/week) or fluoxetine treatment (20–40 mg/day) for 16 weeks. The outcome measures included the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that both treatments were highly effective in reducing the HDRS (p &lt; 0.0001) and BDI (p &lt; 0.0001) scores, as well as in improving functional ability (SOFAS; p &lt; 0.0001), with no statistically significant differences between the treatments. Of those 40 subjects who completed the follow-up, 57% in the psychotherapy group and 68% in the fluoxetine group showed full remission (HDRS ≤7) after 4 months. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Both STPP and pharmacological treatment with fluoxetine are effective in reducing symptoms and in improving functional ability of primary care patients with mild or moderate depression. This study suggests no marked differences in the therapeutic effects of these two treatment forms in a primary care setting.
THE DIMENSIONS OF DOCTORING
Authors: William H. Cornog
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The high school student who looks forward to a career in medicine is looking into the wide end of a funnel. His hopes are spacious, his resolution large, his idealism limitless, and his dreams of service, status, and security not unjustified by countless eminent examples in the profession. As the student moves into preparation for a medical career, the focus narrows and the dimensions close in. The opening to the career narrows to a small diameter—as it must and should. What concerns me, after 19 years of having some responsibility for both education and guidance of presumptive premeds, is the ways in which the dimensions of entrance to medicine often diminish to detriment of both the profession and the nation. As any profession proud to be called a "service" profession, doctoring needs 2 qualities preeminently among its practitioners: brains and selflessness. The mark of a true professional is that he
The Assessment and Treatment of Geezers
Authors: Banning Gray Lary
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Only yesterday I was a young whippersnapper who knew everything about everything. Suddenly, I am called a geezer with strange thought processes.<sup>1</sup>Contrary to the authors' speculation, I have neither collapsed nor cried aloud when beset with "storms of serious illness" or sociopolitical and professional defeats. My spirit is undaunted! I don't know if I am cantankerous or irascible as described, but I am sure as hell independent. Perhaps today's young whippersnappers will find, as I have, that their knowledge will far exceed that which they have today when tomorrow they, too, become geezers. The authors implicated the Great Depression as an etiological factor in the development of "Geezer syndrome." The geezers they described, however, would have been infants and small chil
A follow-up study of patients with recurrent urticaria and hypersensitivity to aspirin, benzoates and azo dyes
Authors: ANN-MARI ROS, LENNART JUHLIN, GERD MICHAELSSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

We have studied seventy-five patients with recurrent urticaria and angio-oedema of more than 4 months duration and with positive provocation tests to aspirin, azo dyes, and/or benzoates. Cross-reactions between the test compounds were common. The patients were recommended to be on a diet free from salicylates, benzoates, and azo dyes. They were then followed for 6-24 months. At the follow-up, 24% were free from symptoms, 57% considered themselves much better and 19% stated that they were slightly better or unchanged. All patients had followed the diet for at least 1-3 months. Most of those who became totally free of symptoms did not continue with the diet, while most of the patients who considered themselves much better found that it was necessary to continue on the recommended diet. They usually developed symptoms as soon as they ingested something containing azo dyes or benzoates. To be able to maintain such a diet, it is important that the content of additives in food and drugs be properly declared.
Moshe Castel's The Synagogue
Authors: Allen J. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Dec 6 cover depicting<i>The Synagogue</i><sup>1</sup>was an impressive and appropriate symbol of a joyous holiday season. The artist, while skillfully combining elements of creativity and tension (an arched, massive room bathed in radiant sunlight) has, nevertheless, succeeded in portraying a milieu of total serenity. The ancient Hebrew sources of his inspiration, as quoted in Dr Fred Rosner's commentary, have served him well. In this context it may be distressing to raise an important caveat. The name of G-d pictured above the menorah is executed in normative Hebrew—the tetragrammaton. As such, it is holy and must be treated with reverence. Maimonides, in his Book of Commandments,<sup>2</sup>clearly includes erasing any of the names of the divinity in a biblical prohibition.<sup>3</sup>This cover, accordingly, should not be discarded but should be properly disposed of, preferably by burial. Arrangements may be made through our offices for
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of S-Adenosyl-<i>L</i>-Methionine in Depressed Postmenopausal Women
Authors: P. Salmaggi, G.M. Bressa, G. Nicchia, M. Coniglio, P. La Greca, C. Le Grazie
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) is a naturally occurring substance which is a major source of methyl groups in the brain and has been found in previous studies to be an effective anti-depressant. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of oral SAMe in the treatment of depressed postmenopausal women in a 30-day double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. During the course of the study, 80 women, between the ages of 45 and 59, who were diagnosed as having DSM-∏I-R major depressive disorder or dysthymia between 6 and 36 months following either natural menopause or hysterectomy, underwent 1 week of single-blind placebo washout, followed by 30 days of double-blind treatment with either SAMe 1,600 mg/day or placebo. There was a significantly greater improvement in depressive symptoms in the group treated with SAMe compared to the placebo group from day 10 of the study. Side effects were mild and transient.
Care of the Neurologically Handicapped Child: A Book for Parents and Professionals
Authors: David L. Coulter
Journal: JAMA (1982)

One rarely has cause to write a "rave" review of a medical book, but this one warrants it. The book is addressed to parents and professionals, expecting that parents who read it will want to obtain the best care for their child and that professionals will be able to work together to help each child they see. The authors state that their purpose in writing is "to inform parents and professionals; to identify the different specialists both are likely to come into contact with; and to describe the duties, responsibilities and services parents can reasonably expect to obtain from each of the professionals who will help them care for their child." It is not a handbook or manual but rather a guide, pointing out what to expect and how to get it. The book is written in a clear and graceful style that is uniformly easy to read, even though
Nonketotic Coma in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Authors: O. Thomas Feagin
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Recently, Kolodny and Sherman described a case of "Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Coma in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus" (<b>203</b>:461, 1968), which is the first such case to be reported. It was postulated that the syndrome developed in their patient because of altered pituitary function following hypophysectomy. I should like to describe a case of the syndrome in an insulin-dependent diabetic; perhaps due to a change in insulin dosage. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 28-year-old man treated with insulin since age 8 was hospitalized in November 1966 because of hypoglycemia. He was discharged on 15 units of isophane insulin suspension daily. On Dec 1, 1966, his insulin dosage was decreased to 12 units daily. On Dec 5, the patient gradually sank into a comatose state and was admitted to Vanderbilt University Hospital. He was areflexic and had intermittent seizures involving the left side of the face and left hand. Urinalysis
A feast for nephrophiles
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1970)

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Geographical, Linguistic, and Cultural Influences on Genetic Diversity: Y-Chromosomal Distribution in Northern European Populations
Authors: Tatiana Zerjal, Lars Beckman, Gunhild Beckman, Aavo-Valdur Mikelsaar, Astrida Krumina, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Matthew E. Hurles, Chris Tyler-Smith
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

We analyzed 10 Y-chromosomal binary markers in 363 males from 8 populations in Northern Europe and 5 Y microsatellites in 346 of these individuals. These populations can be grouped according to cultural, linguistic, or geographical criteria, and the groupings are different in each case. We can therefore ask which criterion best corresponds to the distribution of genetic variation. In an AMOVA analysis using the binary markers, 13% of the Y variation was found between populations, indicating a high level of differentiation within this small area. No significant difference was seen between the traditionally nomadic Saami and the neighboring, historically farming, populations. When the populations were divided into Uralic speakers and Indo-European speakers, 8% of the variation was found between groups, but when they were divided according to geographical location, 14% of the variation was between groups. Geographical factors have thus been the most important in limiting gene flow between these populations, but linguistic differences have also been important in the east.
An interoceptive neuroanatomical perspective on feelings, energy, and effort
Authors: A. D. Craig
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract A homeostatic energy model of awareness proposes that the anterior insular cortex engenders feelings that provide an amodal valuation of homeostatic energy utilization in an opponent, bivalent emotional control system. Feelings are the “common currency” which enable optimal utilization in the physical and mental behavior of a highly social primate. This model offers a different perspective.
3-HOUR URINARY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR LUTEINISING HORMONE TO DETECT ONSET OF PREOVULATORY LH SURGE
Authors: J.F. Kerin, G.M. Warnes, J. Crocker, T.G. Broom, M.M. Ralph, C.D. Matthews, R.F. Seamark, L.W. Cox
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Therapeutic Abortion
Authors: Horace Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A total of 404 applications for therapeutic abortion were reviewed by the Denver General Hospital Therapeutic Abortion Board during the first two years of functioning under the new liberalized abortion law. Of these, 249 were approved and 155 were rejected. The majority of patients were approved for psychiatric reasons. The methods of abortion are described. Few serious postabortion physical complications were encountered. Problems occurred initially with staff attitudes but these were alleviated with education. Selection of patients for abortion has proved difficult for the Board because of various aspects of the law, and the intrinsic factors involved, especially those of a psychiatric nature.
Plasma Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, and Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Normal British Schoolchildren
Authors: J. M. Round
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a cross-sectional survey 624 schoolchildren were screened for plasma calcium, inorganic phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase levels. Plasma magnesium and alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes were also estimated in some cases. No significant difference was found between adult and childhood values for calcium and magnesium. Levels of alkaline phosphatase and inorganic phosphorus varied with both age and sex. The magnitude of these variations in normal ranges is of clear importance in assessing data from individual paediatric or adolescent patients.