tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Experiment in Medicine: The First Twenty Years of the Pratt Clinic and the New England Center Hospital of Boston
Authors: Lawrence C. Parish
Journal: JAMA (1960)

One may ask how a successful hospital center might have its beginning. A good formula for this may be the friendship of a wealthy bachelor from Maine and a doctor interested in group therapy. Such is the story of the Pratt Clinic—New England Center Hospital, a unit of the New England Medical Center, Boston, which, in addition, is comprised of the Tufts University School of Medicine, the Boston Dispensary, and the Boston Floating Hospital. In 1911, William Bingham, II, after moving to Bethel, Me., became a close friend of Dr. John G. Gehring. Bingham took an interest in Gehring's psychotherapeutic experiments, and one of his first philanthropies was the building of Bethel Inn so that Gehring's patients would have a place to stay. In 1931, Gehring sought relief for his angina from Dr. Joseph Hersey Pratt, physician-in-chief of the dispensary. Dr. Pratt found in Gehring a listener who was sympathetic
Proposals for a trial marriage between primary and secondary health care
Authors: C Gazidis
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Aquagenic pruritus SIR,-As the investigators who originally coined the terms aquagenic urticaria and aquagenic pruritus,' 2 which were so roundly criticised by the classicists in your issues of 25 July (p 310) and 15 August (p 493), we feel urged to reply.Words are created to transmit new ideas.As such, they arise to serve the reader, not the guardians of linguistic purity.Let the classi- cists consider the poor reader who views a "hydrogenic" disease as one producing hydrogen, and a "hydrogenous" disease as one beyond his comprehension.We rest our case for "aquagenic" on the principle that clarity is a greater virtue than purity.
Heat stroke or hypothermia?
Authors: J R Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1979)

remarkably clear.Taking a second swab, I notified Dr Litt, who on examination found it difficult to believe that this had been a diphtheritic case.He let the child remain, pending the result of the second swab.It was negative.Precisely the same train of events occurred in three following cases-first swabs positive, follow-ups negative.Dr Litt, giving permission for the fourth child to remain in the home, remarked, "I suppose Dr Mitchell wants to prove the efficacy of his homoeopathy."Matron agreed, "Yes, I'm sure he does."
Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity with Alpha Methyldopa
Authors: ROBERT BAUERNFEIND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Brief Reports1 February 1978Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity with Alpha MethyldopaROBERT BAUERNFEIND, M.D., CALVIN HALL, M.D., PABLO DENES, M.D., KENNETH M. ROSEN, M.D.ROBERT BAUERNFEIND, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CALVIN HALL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PABLO DENES, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KENNETH M. ROSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-2-214 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCarotid sinus hypersensitivity has been defined as asystole lasting 3 sec. or longer or a decrease in blood pressure of 50 mm Hg or more in response to carotid sinus massage, or both (1). Such hypersensitivity has been well described as an uncommon cause of syncope (1). Recently we evaluated an elderly woman for recurrent syncope and found that she had marked bradycardic and hypotensive responses to carotid sinus massage. After withdrawal of alpha methyldopa and chlorthalidone, the excessive responses could not be reproduced. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity was again demonstrable with both drugs, but again disappeared after discontinuation of the...References1. THOMAS J: Hyperactive carotid sinus reflex and carotid sinus syncope. Mayo Clin Proc 44:127-139, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. LOWNLEVINE BS: The carotid sinus: clinical value of its stimulation. Circulation 23:766-789, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. REYES A: Propranolol and the hyperactive carotid sinus reflex syndrome. Br Med J 2:662, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CHAMBERLAINHOWARD DJ: Guanethidine and methyldopa: a hemodynamic study. Br Heart J 26:528-536, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cardiology Section Abraham Lincoln School of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDiseases of the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Cranial NervesSYNCOPE IN THE ELDERLYDiagnostic evaluation of syncopeCarotid sinus hypersensitivity and the carotid sinus syndromeThe carotid sinus syndrome: A frequently overlooked cause of syncope in the elderlyAbnormalities in Blood Pressure Homeostasis That Contribute to Falls in the ElderlyCarotid sinus massage. Its diagnostic and therapeutic value in arrhythmiasProlongation of the PR interval induced by methyldopaCarotid sinus hypersensitivityBaroreflex function and centrally acting antihypertensive drugsSyncope in the ElderlyLEWIS A. LIPSITZ, M.D.Alpha-Methyldopa and Carotid-Sinus HypersensitivityElectrophysiologic Properties of Methyldopa in Man 1 February 1978Volume 88, Issue 2Page: 214-215KeywordsBlood pressureDrugsElderlyHeartHypersensitivitySyncope Issue Published: 1 February 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Modulation of angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction by endothelium-derived relaxing factor in the isolated microperfused rabbit afferent arteriole.
Authors: S Ito, C S Johnson, O A Carretero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Although endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) has been studied extensively in large vessels, little is known about its role in the preglomerular afferent arteriole (Af-Art). We tested the hypothesis that EDRF, which is produced locally in the Af-Art, modulates arteriolar responses to angiotensin II (AII). A single rabbit Af-Art with its glomerulus intact was microperfused in vitro at 60 mmHg. When 0.1 microM AII was first applied, luminal diameter decreased by 49 +/- 7.0% (n = 9; P less than 0.0001); however, constriction waned, with the decrease becoming 15 +/- 3.5% at 1 min. After washing the Af-Art, repeated AII caused less constriction (13 +/- 4.0%; P less than 0.0002 vs. first application), showing tachyphylaxis. Pretreatment with Nw-nitro-L-arginine (N-Arg), which inhibits synthesis of nitric oxide (an EDRF), decreased basal diameter by 18 +/- 3.0% (n = 14; P less than 0.0001). N-Arg also augmented AII-induced constriction (86 +/- 6.8%; P less than 0.02 vs. nontreated Af-Art) and rendered it persistent (82 +/- 6.9% at 1 min). Even after pretreatment with N-Arg, repeated AII caused a weaker response, which was restored by washing with kidney homogenate rich in angiotensinase. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that local production of EDRF is an important determinant of the tone of the Af-Art. Our results suggest that the transient nature of AII-induced constriction of the Af-Art may be due to production of EDRF, while tachyphylaxis may be the result of long lasting receptor occupancy.
Increased serum leptin and resistin levels and increased carotid intima-media wall thickness in patients with psoriasis: Is psoriasis associated with atherosclerosis?
Authors: Reza M Robati, Masoud Partovi-Kia, Hamid Reza Haghighatkhah, Shima Younespour, Fahimeh Abdollahimajd
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Resistance to and Recovery from Lethal Influenza Virus Infection in B Lymphocyte–deficient Mice
Authors: Mary Beth Graham, Thomas J. Braciale
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

In the adaptive immune response to most viruses, both the cellular and humoral arms of the immune system play complementary roles in eliminating virus and virus-infected cells and in promoting recovery. To evaluate the relative contribution of CD4+ and CD8+ effector T lymphocytes in virus clearance and recovery, we have examined the host response to lethal type A influenza virus infection in B lymphocyte–deficient mice with a targeted disruption in the immunoglobulin mu heavy chain. Our results indicate that naive B cell–deficient mice have a 50– 100-fold greater susceptibility to lethal type A influenza virus infection than do wild type mice. However, after priming with sublethal doses of influenza, immune B cell–deficient animals show an enhanced resistance to lethal virus infection. This finding indicates that an antibody-independent immune-mediated antiviral mechanism accounts for the increased resistance to lethal virus challenge. To assess the contribution of influenza-specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells in this process, defined clonal populations of influenza-specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells were adoptively transferred into lethally infected B cell–deficient mice. Cloned CD8+ effectors efficiently promoted recovery from lethal infection, whereas cloned CD4+ T cells conferred only partial protection. These results suggest that memory T lymphocytes can act independently of a humoral immune response in order to confer resistance to influenza infection in immune individuals. The potential implications of these results for vaccination against human influenza infection are discussed.
Effects of amiodarone on cardiac and coronary hemodynamics and on myocardial metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: P Côté, M G Bourassa, J Delaye, A Janin, R Froment, P David
Journal: Circulation (1979)

While the antiarrhythmic effects of amiodarone are well-documented, its hemodynamic effects are not. We injected 5 mg/kg amiodarone i.v. in 16 patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Heart rate did not change. Aortic (systolic, diastolic and mean) and left ventricular (systolic and end-diastolic) pressures decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) at 5 and 15 minutes; systemic vascular resistance also fell significantly (p less than 0.05), while cardiac index increased slightly but significantly (p less than 0.05). Coronary vascular resistance decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) and coronary sinus blood flow rose in most patients, from a mean of 138 ml/min to 153 ml/min at 5 minutes (p less than 0.02); it then returned toward the control value at 15 minutes (mean 145 ml/min). Myocardial metabolism of O2 was normal and unchanged. Metabolism of lactate improved in five patients, remained unchanged in seven and deteriorated transiently in four. No undesirable hemodynamic and clinical side effects occurred when the drug was administered slowly. We conclude that amiodarone is a powerful systemic and coronary vasodilator. In addition to its present indications in the treatment of angina pectoris and arrhythmias, the drug might be very useful as an afterload-reducing agent.
Relationship between histology and gastric juice pH and nitrite in the stomach after operation for duodenal ulcer.
Authors: P C Watt, J M Sloan, J D Donaldson, C C Patterson, T L Kennedy
Journal: Gut (1984)

One hundred patients who had undergone operation for duodenal ulcer (68 vagotomy and gastroenterostomy; seven vagotomy and pyloroplasty; 22 gastrectomy and three gastroenterostomy) 10 or more years previously each underwent endoscopy. Biopsies were taken and gastric juice aspirated for measurement of pH and nitrite concentration. Patients were divided into five histological grades; chronic superficial gastritis (+/- minimal atrophic gastritis) (35), atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia (30), mild dysplasia (21), moderate/severe dysplasia (13) and carcinoma (one). A wide spectrum of pH values was found with 35 patients having a fasting intragastric pH below 4.0 and 65 above 4.0. A strong relationship was found between histological grade and pH. Patients with chronic superficial gastritis had a fasting intragastric pH below 4.0 more frequently than those with moderate/severe dysplasia (p less than 0.001). Gastric juice nitrite concentrations were higher in the moderate/severe dysplasia group than in the chronic superficial gastritis group (p = 0.02). The strong correlation between pH and nitrite concentration, previously documented, was confirmed. The implications of these findings in the pathogenesis of carcinogenesis in the postoperative stomach are discussed.
Instillation of Streptomycin into the Pericardial Sac in Tuberculous Pericarditis
Authors: R. P. K. Coe
Journal: BMJ (1951)

B _RnnIt is difficult to estimate the magnitude of the economy in penicillin achieved by the addition of an antacid.The results show that, when no antacid is given, at least 6,000 units of penicillin per lb. of body weight must be administered to ensure a level of 0.06 unit per ml.or over at three hours in more than 90% of the children.When an antacid is given the minimal dose likely to have a similar effect, as it appears from the table, is 3,000 units per lb. of body weight.On this basis, the addition of an antacid would permit a reduction of approximately 50% in the dosage of penicillin.It is generally advised that if penicillin is given orally the dose should be three to five (Poncher and Unna, 1950; Gy6rgy and Lee, 1947) or four to eight (Herrell, 1949) times larger than the parenteral dose.As the recommended single dose for parenteral use in mild and moderate infections is 500 units per lb. of body weight (or 4,000 units per lb.per 24 hours in eight doses) even an eightfold increase in dose is inadequate-for oral use.When no antacid is given nothing short of 12 times the parenteral dose can be trusted to produce satisfactory blood levels in most children.This would mean that a 10-year-old child would need more than 3,000,000 units of penicillin a day, or more than 1,500,000 units if an antacid were given at the same time.Another disadvantage is the three-hourly administration.This method of giving penicillin must therefore be weighed against the parenteral injection of a slowly absorbed preparation such as procaine penicillin in 2% aluminium monostearate, which is effective if given once every 24 or 48 houirs (Emery et al., 1949).Summary Blood levels of penicillin after oral administration of the drug with and without an antacid have been estimated in 76 children, who were given 208 test doses.To attain a reliable bacteriostatic level of 0.06 unit per ml.three hours after the ingestion the single dose of penicillin should be not smaller than 6,000 units per lb. of body weight-that is, 48,000 units per lb. of body weighi in 24 hours.Simultaneous administration of an antacid may allow a reduction of this dose by approximately 50%.
Serological Tests for Syphilis in Rape Cases
Authors: Michael I. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  In a recent issue (226:1577, 1973), Dr. Haymann comments on emergency department protocol for the management of rape cases. He advises that a serological test for syphilis be done at that time. Another consultant, Dr. Garcia, advises that management include prevention of venereal disease.  If the patient appears at the emergency department within hours of the alleged rape, a serological test for syphilis would be useless, as the assay is dependent upon the systemic response of the individual's immune system. This may not be manifest for up to several weeks. Immediate serological tests can further complicate the situation in the event of biological false-positive reactions.  An efficient follow-up at monthly intervals including serological testing might be more informative for the physician and more beneficial to the patient.
OROAN CULTURE OF ADULT HUMAN SKIN.*
Authors: I. SARKANY, KATHERINE GRICE, G. A. CARON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article OROAN CULTURE OF ADULT HUMAN SKIN. Get access I. SARKANY, I. SARKANY Department of Dermatology. The Royal Free Hospital, Gray's Inn Road. London. W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar KATHERINE GRICE, KATHERINE GRICE Department of Dermatology. The Royal Free Hospital, Gray's Inn Road. London. W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. A. CARON G. A. CARON Department of Dermatology. The Royal Free Hospital, Gray's Inn Road. London. W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 2, 1 February 1965, Pages 65–76, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14602.x Published: 01 February 1965
Dasatinib induces rapid hematologic and cytogenetic responses in adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with resistance or intolerance to imatinib: interim results of a phase 2 study
Authors: Oliver Ottmann, Hervé Dombret, Giovanni Martinelli, Bengt Simonsson, Francois Guilhot, Richard A. Larson, Giovanna Rege-Cambrin, Jerald Radich, Andreas Hochhaus, Anne Marie Apanovitch, Ashwin Gollerkeri, Steven Coutre
Journal: Blood (2007)
THU0189 Invasive fungal infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus:
Authors: M.U. Martinez Martinez, D.A. Herrera Van Oostdam, M. Magaña Aquino, L. Baranda Cándido, C. Abud Mendoza
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are catastrophic diseases associated with a high mortality. Relatively few cases of IFI have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their related factors have not been completely understood. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate factors associated with IFI in patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients with both IFI and SLE admitted to our hospital in the last 7 years were evaluated and compared with the consecutive 5 hospitalized patients with SLE (controls), thus, demographic factors, evolution time of SLE, and treatment in the previous month were compared. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty patients with SLE were evaluated, (10 with IFI and 50 controls). Median age was 29 years. The distribution of causative organisms were as follows: there were four patients infected with <i>Candida spp. (candidemia)</i>, three <i>Cryptococcus spp</i>., two <i>Coccidioides immits</i>, one patient with hystoplamosis and one patient with both <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Mucor species</i>. A high C-reactive protein (CRP) level was associated with IFI in patients with risk factors, such as: high disease activity, mechanical ventilation, hemodyalisis, hypocomplementemia, high doses of glucocorticoids (GCs) and therapy with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Mortality was four times more frequent in patients with IFI than those SLE patients without the deep fungal infection. A high level of CRP was a characteristic of our patients with IFI; we calculated sensitivity and specificity of CRP level of more than 10 mg/dl for diagnosing IFI, we found that it has a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 70%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> IFI is a rare infection observed in SLE patients, it is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality; therefore, its diagnosis and opportune treatment are desirables. We describe risk factors potentially associated with this systemic infectious disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Imported Lassa Fever — Reexamining the Algorithms
Authors: Karl M. Johnson, Thomas P. Monath
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Twenty years ago the arenavirus Lassa fever virus was identified as the cause of three serial, nosocomial cases of hemorrhagic fever in nursing personnel at a mission hospital in Jos, Nigeria. A subsequent outbreak there was thought to be a result of aerosol transmission to patients and family members on an open ward from a patient with pneumonia and the protean manifestations of Lassa fever,1 a disease that is fatal in up to half the patients in West Africa who have it. Aerosol transmission was not ruled out in another outbreak, in Liberia. Thus, the possibility that Lassa fever might . . .
Studies of Human Lead Metabolism by Use of Stable Isotope Tracers
Authors: M. Rabinowitz, G. W. Wetherill, J. D. Kopple
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Dynamics of lead metabolism were studied by replacement of a portion of the dietary lead with stable isotope tracers, and maintaining subjects on controlled diets for about 6 months. Results for one subject have been previously reported. Preliminary data are now available for a second subject. Although the data on the two subjects are basically similar, there are also significant differences. The two subjects have different blood lead concentrations (0.25 and 0.18 μg/g). Both subjects received the same dietary and similar atmospheric lead exposure, and the lead concentration of their blood was shown to be nearly in a steady state. The difference in blood lead concentration appears primarily attributable to differences in the fraction of lead absorbed from the gut, although there are also differences in other physiological parameters, as well as probable small differences in their intake of atmospheric lead. The quantity of lead absorbed from a typical urban atmosphere (Pb concentration = 1–2 μg/m3) has been shown by our isotopic data and balance studies to be 15±3 μg/day. Measurement of the contribution of atmospheric lead to the lead intake of the second subject was also carried out by removal of lead from the atmosphere. Decline in the blood concentration of lead of normal isotopic composition was shown to be equivalent to the removal of 15 g/day. Measurements made during the course of a day show complexities in the absorption and distribution of lead, which are averaged out on a time scale of ca. 5 days.
TREATMENT OF THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA THROUGH THE COLON.
Authors: FENTON B. TURCK
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The colon is closely related anatomically to the abdominal viscera, enclosing within its embrace the mesenteric vessels, which play an important rôle in the regulation of the circulation and general metabolism of the body. The hepatic, splenic, and sigmoid flexures and the transverse colon are in intimate relation with the liver, duodenum, kidneys and pelvic organs, therefore, it is evident that it is possible to influence these viscera more or less by the application of heat, cold, electricity and other physical stimuli through the colon. Close as the anatomic relationship is between the colon and the abdominal viscera, described above, the physiologic relations may be said to be still more intimate. This is evident from the serious disturbances that accompany diseases of the colon, and is clearly shown by general physiologic action resulting from certain therapeutic measures applied directly to the colon. In discussing such treatment of the abdominal viscera
Five Cases of Belladonna Poisoning
Authors: E. H. Minors
Journal: BMJ (1948)

LAURENCE-MOON-BIEDL SYNDROME be assumed, but only that previous members of the family showing this syndrome have been buried even beyond the knowledge and memory of those still alive.Sufferers from this syndrome are of course unlikely to marry, and even if they do so are unlikely to have children-a factor which of itself curtails the passing on of the defective gene except as a latent recessive type.