tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum thyroglobulin concentrations and whole-body radioiodine scan in follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer after thyroid ablation.
Authors: S C Ng Tang Fui, R Hoffenberg, M N Maisey, E G Black
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Measurement of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations and whole-body radioiodine scan were performed simultaneously during follow-up of 32 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who had undergone thyroid ablation by operation and radioiodine. Almost all patients in whom serum Tg was undetectable had normal scans. Concentrations exceeding 50 ng/ml were invariably associated with residual or metastatic tumour uptake in the scan. Out of 21 observations of detectable values below 50 ng/ml, 14 were in patients whose scans showed subclinical or sub-radiological tumour uptake and seven in patients with normal scans. The sensitivity of serum Tg as a tumour marker compared favourably to that of the whole-body scan. A scan is unnecessary when serum Tg is undetectable, but in patients with detectable serum Tg concentrations, particularly if these are below 50 ng/ml, a scan is important to assess and localise tumour uptake of iodine before advising treatmet with iodine-131.
CARDIOPULMONARY PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO HEAVY EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA *
Authors: Brian J. Sproule, Jere H. Mitchell, William F. Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

The hemodynamic adaptation of the human body to acute and chronic anemia has been extensively studied.There are few reports, however, of in- vestigations of the response of anemic individuals to exercise.The most exhaustive study to date is that of Bishop, Donald and Wade (1), who evalu- ated 11 patients with anemia at moderate levels of exercise, performed in a supine position at minute ventilations up to 20 L.Preliminary observations in our laboratory indi- cated that subjects suffering from moderately se- vere anemia are capable of exerting themselves on a treadmill at levels of exercise approaching or exceeding those producing maximal oxygen intake in normal subjects.This led us to investigate the response of anemic subjects to very severe exer- tion. MATERIALS AND METHODSNine patients with anemia of various types comprised the case material for study.Table I summarizes the characteristics of these patients, as well as the level of exercise performed by each.Exercise was performed on a treadmill, the grade and speed of which could be adjusted so that a maximal amount of oxygen was extracted from inspired air by the exercising subject (2).Blood samples were drawn from the brachial artery, brachial vein, and femoral vein through plastic catheters, with the subject standing at rest and during the last min- ute of a 2.5 minute exercise period.The samples were analyzed for 02 and CO2 content, 02 capacity, pCO2, P02, and pH (2).Oxygen and CO2 contents were determined by Van Slyke manometric analysis, pCO2 was calculated from the CO2 content, using the Singer-Hastings nomo- gram (3), oxygen tension was determined polarographically (4, 5) and pH was measured at 37°C with a Stand-
Use of the 46/1 haplotype to model JAK2V617F clonal architecture in PV patients: clonal evolution and impact of IFNα treatment
Authors: S Hasan, B Cassinat, N Droin, J P Le Couedic, F Favale, B Monte-Mor, C Lacout, M Fontenay, C Dosquet, C Chomienne, E Solary, J L Villeval, N Casadevall, J J Kiladjian, W Vainchenker, I Plo
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
P140 High-Dose Oestrogens Commenced For Gender Reassignment Surgery May Predispose to the Development of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Authors: OLI Davies, CT McCabe, JW Pepke-Zaba, KK Sheares
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) often occurs as a sequela of venous thromboembolism (VTE) however, there appears to be marked differences in laboratory risk-profiles between CTEPH and VTE. Clinically, exogenous oestrogens (EO) are known to increase the risk of acute DVT in a dose-dependent manner<sup>2</sup> but a pathological link with CTEPH is less clear. We describe a case-series of three patients with CTEPH and one with chronic thromboembolic disease without evidence of pulmonary hypertension diagnosed following administration of high-dose EO for gender re-assignment surgery (GRAS). This constitutes a long-term component of treatment, always commenced in males preoperatively.<sup>3</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective case note review from 2001–2012 of four patients evaluated for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) at Papworth all receiving high-dose EO as part of GRAS. <h3>Results</h3> Oestradiol (oral), Tibolone (transdermal) or privately prescribed unidentifiable “high-dose oestrogens” were received by two, one and one patients for 2, 4 and 1.5 years respectively. CTEPH was diagnosed (by accepted radiological and haemodynamic criteria) at 2, 4 and 2 years respectively after initiating oestrogens. All patients had negative thrombophilia screens and no other risk-factors for VTE or CTEPH. Three of the four patients discontinued oestrogen therapy, patient two continued with oestradiol whilst fully anti-coagulated. Table 1 outlines demographic and haemodynamic criteria. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This seriesis the first to associate high-dose oestrogen therapy with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary vascular disease and should prompt suspicion of this disorder in patients undergoing GRAS with chronic effort breathlessness. Whilst the predisposition from EO in oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapyis well recognised in acute VTE, we observe four patients who developed CTEPH following high-dose oestrogen therapy two of whom did not suffer prior VTE. Animal data suggesting a protective effect of oestrogen on pulmonary vasculature in PAH is discordant with our observations but the clinical mechanisms and interpretation of our findings are likely to be more complex.<sup>3</sup> <h3>References</h3> Holst A et al. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism - Results from the Copenhagen City Heart Study. <i>Circulation</i>. 121(17)2010:1896–1903. Newfield et al. Female-to-male trans gender quality of life. <i>Quality of life research</i>, 2006 vol 15(9), 1447–1457. Jesus Perez. Making Sense of the Estrogen Paradox in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. <i>AJRCCM</i> 2011; 184; 629.
Withdrawal of Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: Franklin G. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Hypertensive crises were reported in three patients with hypertension associated with underlying renovascular occlusive disease during reduction of antihypertensive therapy. In each case, rebound hypertension was observed during clonidine hydrochloride withdrawal. Therapy with propranolol hydrochloride and diuretics had also been discontinued in two of the three patients. This and other reports of rebound hypertension during clonidine withdrawal are contrasted with the absence of reports of this syndrome in the setting of cessation of beta-adrenergic blockade therapy. This suggests that the discontinuation of clonidine therapy was primarily responsible for the hypertensive crises herein described. It is further concluded that rebound hypertension may follow gradual as well as abrupt reduction of clonidine dosage, and that patients with renovascular hypertension may be at greatest risk.
Electron-Beam Tomography Coronary Artery Calcium and Cardiac Events
Authors: George T. Kondos, Julie Anne Hoff, Alexander Sevrukov, Martha L. Daviglus, Daniel B. Garside, Stephen S. Devries, Eva V. Chomka, Kiang Liu
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Conventional coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors fail to explain nearly 50% of CAD events. This study examines the association between electron-beam tomography (EBT) coronary artery calcium (CAC) and cardiac events in initially asymptomatic low- to intermediate-risk individuals, with adjustment for the presence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and a history of cigarette smoking.The study was performed in 8855 initially asymptomatic adults 30 to 76 years old (26% women) who self-referred for EBT CAC screening. Conventional CAD risk factors were elicited by use of a questionnaire. After 37+/-12 months, information on the occurrence of cardiac events was collected and confirmed by use of medical records and death certificates. In men, events (n=192) were associated with the presence of CAC (RR=10.5, P<0.001), diabetes (RR=1.98, P=0.008), and smoking (RR=1.4, P=0.025), whereas in women, events (n=32) were linked to the presence of CAC (RR=2.6, P=0.037) and not risk factors. The presence of CAC provided incremental prognostic information in addition to age and other risk factors.The association between EBT CAC and cardiac events observed in this study of initially asymptomatic, middle-aged, low to intermediate-risk individuals presenting for screening suggests that in this group, knowledge of the presence of EBT CAC provides incremental information in addition to that defined by conventional CAD risk assessment.
Selective Arterial Embolization-Reply
Authors: Donald Bachman, William J. Casarella
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In response to the points raised by Drs Clare and Ghidoni, we agree that selective arterial embolization carries the risk of occlusion of arteries other than those intended. The angiographic techniques employed require precision and judgment, and even in extreme situations they cannot be regarded casually. The use of balloon-tipped catheters to prevent the reflux of emboli may be helpful in safeguarding critical areas such as the cerebral circulation. We have used embolization with absorbable gelatin sponge in more than 100 cases, and, although we have occasionally seen absorbable gelatin sponge particles dislodge from their intended position, we fortunately have not seen a case where aberrant emboli resulted in death or serious complication. Some causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage are more effectively treated with vasopressin infusion than with embolization, and we rely heavily on endoscopy prior to the angiogram to formulate the right approach. Unless endoscopy is unsuccessful
Profiles in Cardiology: A Collection of Profiles Featuring Individuals Who Have Made Significant Contributions to the Study of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: M. S. Seyal
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health Education for Hypertensive Patients
Authors: David M. Levine, Lawrence W. Green, Sigrid G. Deeds, Judith Chwalow, R. Patterson Russell, Jack Finlay
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Three educational interventions for the control of essential hypertension in ambulatory patients were based on analyses of the educational needs of patients and providers. The educational program increased reported compliance with medication, improved the proportion of patients losing weight, and improved appointment keeping. Most important, there was a favorable effect on blood pressure (BP) control. The proportion of patients with BP under control in the group assigned to all three interventions increased by 28% (from 38% to 66%), while the proportion in the control group receiving standard medical therapy with no educational interventions remained unchanged at 42%.
Abstract LB-117: A novel tween-80 free, water soluble formulation of docetaxel for cancer treatment
Authors: Lily Tan, Hongqun Qiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic anticancer drug in the taxane family. It is a potent treatment for a wide range of tumors. The approved indications include breast cancer, NSCL cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. The current docetaxel application, Taxotere, uses tween-80 and ethanol as solvents and has shown undesirable adverse effects, including hypersensitivity from the active as well as inactive ingredients. Captisol (sulfobutylether cyclodextrin) is a modified cyclodextrin that has been used to improve drugs’ water solubility for parental use, such as in Pfizer's Vfend IV and Geodone IM. In this paper, we introduce ML-061, an improved water soluble formulation of lyophilized docetaxel with captisol using patented technology. While the efficacy of ML-061 is similar to taxotere at the equivalent dose, a vastly better safety profile has been shown for the new formulation. ML-061 showed no detectable hemolytic activities in a study in Beagle dogs compared to the placebo group, no hypersensitivity effect on blood pressure and serum complement activation while taxotere did. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-117.
Recurrent Hypoglycaemia in a Patient with Metastatic Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Ronald C. W Ma, Raymond S. K Lo, Morris H. L Tai, Juliana C. N Chan, Chun Chung Chow, Jean L. F Woo
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

The patient's recurrent hypoglycaemia was found to be due to non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia.
Guilty of negligence?
Authors: H Lavender
Journal: BMJ (1994)

My husband and I grew up and qualified in England. In 1974 he was invited to join a family practice residency at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. We had planned to stay abroad for two years but we stayed for 15. We worked as family doctors in Canada, New England, and Texas. Many experiences we must have shared with doctors the world over, but some were unique to America. Here is the aftermath of one of them.

The jury are locked in the juryroom. We are waiting for their verdict after five and a half years of anguish and anxiety.…

She was a thin, pale woman, asthmatic, menopausal, mildly depressed, and angry. She had come to hate her husband. He aggravated her so much. She was making plans to leave him and return to Toronto, but she did not want to leave her nice home in Texas.

That day they had another argument. She said that she did not want him around any more. She grabbed her handbag and took the car. The car and she were found along a dirt road not far from home. A map was left open at the wrong place. …
Early cardiac hypertrophy in mice with impaired calmodulin regulation of cardiac muscle Ca2+ release channel
Authors: Naohiro Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Le Xu, Oliver Smithies, Gerhard Meissner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Studies with isolated membrane fractions have shown that calmodulin (CaM) inhibits the activity of cardiac muscle cell Ca(2+) release channel ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). To determine the physiological importance of CaM regulation of RyR2, we generated a mouse with 3 amino acid substitutions (RyR2-W3587A/L3591D/F3603A) in exon 75 of the Ryr2 gene, which encodes the CaM-binding site of RyR2. Homozygous mutant mice showed an increased ratio of heart weight to body weight, greatly reduced fractional shortening of the left ventricle, and lethality at 9-16 days of age. Biochemical analysis of hearts of 7- and 10-day-old homozygous mutant mice indicated an impaired CaM inhibition of RyR2 at micromolar Ca(2+) concentrations, reduction in RyR2 protein levels and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sequestration, and upregulation of genes and/or proteins associated with class II histone deacetylase/myocyte enhancer factor-2 and calcineurin signaling pathways. Sustained Ca(2+) transients, often displaying repeated periods of incomplete Ca(2+) removal, were observed in homozygous cardiomyocytes. Taken together, the data indicate that impaired CaM inhibition of RyR2, associated with defective sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release and altered gene expression, leads to cardiac hypertrophy and early death.
Health service support of breast feeding--are we practising what we preach?
Authors: S. Beeken, T. Waterston
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To ascertain the attitudes of health professionals and breast feeding mothers to breast feeding and their views on current practice. DESIGN--Questionnaire to all midwives and health visitors and to breast feeding mothers in Newcastle upon Tyne. SETTING--Maternity units and community in Newcastle upon Tyne. SUBJECTS--127 hospital midwives, 23 community midwives, 63 health visitors, and 50 first time breast feeding mothers. RESULTS--Optimum practice guidelines were not followed. 30 (60%) mothers said they were separated from their babies on the first night after birth. 82 (42%) professionals said that breast fed babies were frequently given water to drink. 28 (56%) babies in the mothers survey had received food or water other than breast milk; 19 of these had been given water. Professionals expressed mainly positive attitudes towards breast feeding in general but less positive attitudes to specific issues such as the beneficial effects on child health and the value of voluntary organisations in breast feeding promotion and management. CONCLUSIONS--Although many health workers are in favour of breast feeding there is conflict among the professions working most closely with breast feeding mothers. Good breast feeding support requires closer attention to monitoring hospital practices and continued training on good lactation management.
Nitric oxide modulates coronary autoregulation in the guinea pig.
Authors: M Ueeda, S K Silvia, R A Olsson
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

A guinea pig heart Langendorff preparation was used in the present study to test the hypothesis that the coronary endothelium modulates coronary autoregulation through the production of nitric oxide (NO). Pacing at 250 beats per minute and venting the left ventricle to ensure that the hearts did no external work were performed in an attempt to reduce the metabolic stimulus to coronary vasomotion and keep it constant. We measured the responses of coronary flow and oxygen metabolism to stepwise changes of the perfusion pressure over the range between 18 and 85 mm Hg. The hearts exhibited autoregulation between 25 and 55 mm Hg and active vasodilation at perfusion pressures above that range. Perfusion with 100 microM NG-nitro-L-arginine (NNLA), an inhibitor of NO synthase, decreased coronary flow over the entire range of perfusion pressures and abolished active vasodilation over 65 mm Hg, thus widening the autoregulatory range. The administration of 200 microM L-arginine, but not D-arginine, reversed the action of NNLA. Inhibition of the cyclooxygenase pathway by 10 microM indomethacin did not affect autoregulation. Perfusion with 1 nM arginine vasopressin, a direct smooth muscle constrictor, lowered coronary flow rate to the same extent as NNLA at 55 mm Hg but did not prevent the pressure-dependent increase in flow above that pressure. These observations suggest that 1) the coronary endothelium actively modulates coronary autoregulation through the production of NO but not prostanoids, 2) mechanical stress (shear stress and/or stretching secondary to vasodilation) may be the stimulus to NO production, especially above the autoregulatory range, and 3) autoregulatory tone is likely to be myogenic in origin rather than mediated by extrinsic vasoconstrictors.
Pulsatile hemodynamic effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure: The CHARM Program
Authors: Gary F. Mitchell, J. Malcolm O. Arnold, Mark E. Dunlap, Terrence X. O'Brien, Gordon Marchiori, Elaine Warner, Christopher B. Granger, Shashank S. Desai, Marc A. Pfeffer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)
Improved Survival of Patients With Cancers of the Colon and Rectum?2
Authors: P. Enblad, H.-O. Adami, R. Bergstrom, B. Glimelius, U. Krusemo, L. Pahlman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Improved Survival of Patients With Cancers of the Colon and Rectum?2 Get access Per Enblad, Per Enblad * Department of Surgery, University Hospital *Correspondence to: Dr. Per Enblad, Department of Surgery, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hans-Olov Adami, Hans-Olov Adami Department of Surgery, University Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Reinhold Bergström, Reinhold Bergström Department of StatisticsUppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bengt Glimelius, Bengt Glimelius Department of Oncology, University Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar UllaBrith Krusemo, UllaBrith Krusemo The Computing Center, Uppsala UniversityUppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lars Påhlman Lars Påhlman Department of Surgery, University Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 8, 15 June 1988, Pages 586–591, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.8.586 Published: 15 June 1988 Article history Received: 16 October 1987 Revision received: 07 March 1988 Accepted: 10 March 1988 Published: 15 June 1988
Close association between valvar heart disease and central nervous system manifestations in the antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Ilan Krause, Shaul Lev, Abigail Fraser, Miri Blank, Margalit Lorber, Ludmilla Stojanovich, Josef Rovensky, Joab Chapman, Yehuda Shoenfeld
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Heart valves lesions and central nervous system involvement are among the most common manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate possible interrelations between these manifestations in a large group of APS patients. <b>Methods:</b> 284 APS patients were evaluated retrospectively, 159 of whom had primary APS. Cardiac–CNS associations were determined for the entire study population, and for subgroups of patients with primary APS or APS associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <b>Results:</b> Significant associations where found between cardiac vegetations and epilepsy (p&lt;0.02), and between cardiac valve thickening or dysfunction and migraine (p = 0.002). Borderline association was found between valvar vegetations and migraine (p = 0.09). A significant association was also found between all valvar lesions and stroke or transient ischaemic attacks. Subanalyses showed that patients with primary APS had significant associations between cardiac valve pathology and all CNS manifestations, while patients with APS associated with SLE had no such associations. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study suggests potential differences in biological behaviour between primary APS and APS associated with SLE. The presence of cardiac valve pathology may be a risk factor for several types of CNS involvement in PAPS.