tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MALIGNANT SMALL-POX; A FORM HITHERTO FATAL.
Authors: H. RUSSELL
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I take the liberty of sending you a report of some cases of above form of small-pox for publication in your valuable journal, in order to expose to the notice of the medical profession a pretty accurate description thereof and its treatment, so that the disease may be diagnosed, if possible, at time of physician's first visit and thereby not permitted to spread, which state of matters occurred after the first case of it, which I saw in vicinity of Westfield, Marquette Co., Wisconsin, in the winter of 1872-73, as, although prior thereto, I had seen many cases of variola and \arioloid, I totally failed to discern the least resemblance to last diseases. My first case was that of a young man, named James Brown, whom I first visited on the 18th of January, 1873, and found in the usual febrile state, precursory to an eruptive disease, with an eruption
Effect of lithium on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function in patients with affective disorders.
Authors: D G McLarty, J H O'Boyle, C A Spencer, J G Ratcliffe
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (H.P.T.) function was assessed in 17 patients on maintenance doses of lithium carbonate for a mean period of 21 months (range 1-67 months) and by serial studies on four patients from the start of lithium treatment for a maximum of six months. An exaggerated thyrotrophin (TSH) response to intravenous thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) occurred in 14 of the 17 patients on maintenance treatment, though basal TSH levels were raised in only three. Two of the three patients were clinically and biochemically hypothyroid and showed a delayed recovery of normal H.P.T. function after lithium was stopped. There were no significant differences in thyroid hormone or basal TSH levels between the euthyroid lithium-treated.
Expanding the Horizons of Foodborne Listeriosis
Authors: Walter F. Schlech
Journal: JAMA (1992)

A little over 10 years ago, infections caused by the gram-positive coccobacillus<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>were rare events, providing grist to the mill of grand rounds at university medical centers and case reports to medical journals.<sup>1</sup>Small clusters of temporally related neonatal infections occasionally piqued the curiosity of epidemiologists from the Centers for Disease Control and others,<sup>2,3</sup>but investigations of these clusters shed little light on the transmission of this pathogen. Investigators were stymied by the small number of cases in each cluster, and at the Centers for Disease Control, listeriosis came to be known as the "graveyard of epidemiology"! This situation changed radically in 1979 when a large outbreak of nosocomial listeriosis in Boston, Mass, city hospitals suggested the possibility of foodborne illness.<sup>4</sup>Foodborne transmission was finally confirmed by an outbreak of community-acquired perinatal and adult listeriosis traced to ingestion of contaminated cabbage from a farm on
Septal Stunning by Dipyridamole Stress Shown on Quantitative Gated Perfusion SPECT in a Child with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: JIN CHUL PAENG, DONG SOO LEE, JEONG SEOK YEO, CHUNG IL NOH, YU KYEONG KIM, JUNE-KEY CHUNG, MYUNG CHUL LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Myocardial ischemia is an important problem in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Stunning is an important mechanism in progressive dysfunction of the ischemic myocardium. In this report, the authors found prolonged myocardial stunning in a child with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that was induced by dipyridamole stress on quantitative gated SPECT.A 6-year-old boy with septal hypertrophy underwent rest and dipyridamole stress gated myocardial SPECT. Software was used to quantify automatically segmental perfusion and function at rest and after stress.Perfusion imaging showed a reversible perfusion decrease in the hypertrophic septum. Cine-gated imaging of the septum showed dyskinesia and a severe abnormality of systolic thickening during the poststress period, whereas it showed nearly complete recovery at rest. Quantified regional perfusion and function indices also showed this perfusion decrease and myocardial dysfunction after dipyridamole stress.In a child with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocardial stunning was induced by dipyridamole stress, in accordance with decreased perfusion reserve.
The Languages of Psychosomatic Medicine
Authors: Chase Patterson Kimball
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1977)

Research Articles| February 16 2010 The Languages of Psychosomatic Medicine Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Chase Patterson Kimball Chase Patterson Kimball Chicago Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1977) 28 (1-4): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287039 Article history Published Online: February 16 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chase Patterson Kimball; The Languages of Psychosomatic Medicine. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1977; 28 (1-4): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287039 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1977Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Educational Achievement and Economic Self-sufficiency in Adults After Childhood Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Casper Roed, Lars Haukali Omland, Peter Skinhoj, Kenneth J. Rothman, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Niels Obel
Journal: JAMA (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3>To our knowledge, no previous study has examined functioning in adult life among persons who had bacterial meningitis in childhood.<h3>Objective</h3>To study educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adults diagnosed as having bacterial meningitis in childhood.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>Nationwide population-based cohort study using national registries of Danish-born children diagnosed as having meningococcal, pneumococcal, or Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in the period 1977-2007 (n=2784 patients). Comparison cohorts from the same population individually matched on age and sex were identified, as were siblings of all study participants. End of study period was 2010.<h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3>Cumulative incidences of completed vocational education, high school education, higher education, time to first full year of economic self-sufficiency, and receipt of disability pension and differences in these outcomes at age 35 years among meningitis patients, comparison cohorts, and siblings.<h3>Results</h3>By age 35 years, among persons who had a history of childhood meningococcal (n=1338), pneumococcal (n=455), and H influenzae (n=991) meningitis, an estimated 11.0% (41.5% vs 52.5%; 95% CI, 7.3%-14.7%), 10.2% (42.6% vs 52.8%; 95% CI, 3.8%-16.6%), and 5.5% (47.7% vs 53.2%; 95% CI, 1.9%-9.1%) fewer persons, respectively, had completed high school and 7.9% (29.3% vs 37.2%; 95% CI, 1.6%-14.2%), 8.9% (28.1% vs 37.0%; 95% CI, 0.6%-17.2%), and 6.5% (33.5% vs 40.0%; 95% CI, 1.4%-11.6%) fewer had attained a higher education compared with individuals from the comparison cohort. Siblings of meningococcal meningitis patients also had lower educational achievements, while educational achievements of siblings of pneumococcal and H influenzae meningitis patients did not differ substantially from those in the general population. At end of follow-up, 3.8% (90.3% vs 94.1%; 95% CI, 1.1%-6.5%), 10.6% (84.0% vs 94.6%; 95% CI, 5.1%-16.1%), and 4.3% (90.6% vs 94.9%; 95% CI, 2.0%-6.6%) fewer meningococcal, pneumococcal, and H influenzae meningitis patients were economically self-sufficient and 1.5% (3.7% vs 2.3%; 95% CI, −0.2% to 3.2%), 8.7% (10.0% vs 1.3%; 95% CI, 5.0%-12.4%), and 3.7% (6.2% vs 2.5%; 95% CI, 1.6%-5.8%) more received disability pension compared with individuals from the comparison cohort.<h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3>In a Danish population, bacterial meningitis in childhood was associated with lower educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adult life. This association may apply particularly to pneumococcal and H influenzae meningitis, whereas for meningococcal meningitis the lower educational achievement may be family-related.
The Havasupai Indian Tribe Case — Lessons for Research Involving Stored Biologic Samples
Authors: Michelle M. Mello, Leslie E. Wolf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

On April 20, 2010, Arizona State University (ASU) agreed to pay $700,000 to 41 members of the Havasupai Indian tribe to settle legal claims that university researchers improperly used tribe members' blood samples in genetic research.1 The settlement closes a difficult chapter for both parties but leaves open a bedeviling question for genetic research: What constitutes adequate informed consent for biospecimens collected for research to be stored and used in future, possibly unrelated studies? The case illuminates the clashing values that have driven debate in this area and the importance of understanding the study population's perspectives.The Havasupai suit stemmed . . .
THE SURGEON IN THE MAKING
Authors: LUCIUS E. BURCH
Journal: JAMA (1930)

If the past thirty years in medical education and hospital standardization are briefly reviewed, the two features that appear outstanding are the decrease in medical schools and the tremendous increase in the number of hospitals. The significance of this increase from the point of view of the student is made plain in the following quotation from the report of the Committee on Medical Education and Hospitals of the American Medical Association:  The 624 approved hospitals provide 5,409 internships, more than enough for all graduates. Your committee believes that unless the investigations of the inspectors include the quality and quantity of clinical teaching by the staff, appraisal of the value of an internship in any hospital will be inadequate. Many large adequately equipped, well managed hospitals with excellent staffs offer very poor internships because the staff members cannot or will not give the interns sufficient clinical teaching.  The essential to be
Radiofluoride Photoscanning of Bone for Reticulum Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Howard J. Dworkin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Radiofluoride bone scanning is shown to be a sensitive means for detecting the bone lesions of reticulum cell sarcoma. This is in contrast to methods of bone photoscanning with radioisotopes of strontium which have failed to detect these lesions. Four patients with reticulum cell sarcoma involving bone were studied with<sup>18</sup>F bone scans. All four patients were scan positive for the bone lesions which were eventually demonstrated on roentgenograms or at postmortem examination. Concomitantly, x-ray studies of the bone were nondiagnostic in two of the patients. In one patient, a good clinical response to radiotherapy was correlated with a relative decrease in<sup>18</sup>F uptake in the treated area.
Reflux after cardiomyotomy
Authors: F. Ellis, F. L. Cole
Journal: Gut (1965)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS A series of 56 patients with achalasia of the cardia included 16 with reflux after operation of whom seven were symptomless.A radiological technique which facilitated the detection of reflux was employed.The factors contributing to the development of reflux included duodenal ulceration, previous oesophageal operations, double and strip myotomies, and disruption of the hiatus.Of nine patients with reflux oesophagitis, five required further operative treatment.Careful pre-operative evaluation and the preservation of the hiatal mechanism are considered to be the most important factors in reducing the incidence of reflux.The long myotomy is considered to be necessary to ensure adequate oesophageal drainage.If it is placed on the lesser curve side of the oesophagus and stomach the risk of reflux is likely to be diminished.
Abstract 5557: Mutation analysis of melanoma tumor samples from ECOG 2603 clinical trial
Authors: Melissa Ann Wilson, Fengmin Zhao, Richard Letrero, Kurt D'Andrea, David Rimm, John Kirkwood, Harriet Kluger, Sandra Lee, Keith Flaherty, Katherine Nathanson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The BRAF kinase, a member of the MAP kinase pathway, has emerged as an attractive molecule to target in melanoma. In an initial attempt to target BRAF in melanoma, a randomized, phase III trial (ECOG 2603) of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and sorafenib versus carboplatin, paclitaxel, and placebo was performed. Patients enrolled on the trial had either unresectable, locally advanced Stage III or Stage IV melanoma. We analyzed patients’ tumor samples for 74 mutations in 13 genes using a custom iPlex (Sequenom). We have preliminarily analyzed 157 tumor samples from patients enrolled in this clinical trial. Analysis of the initial data set demonstrates that 62 samples (42%, 62/148, 95% CI 34%,50%) carried BRAF mutations - 60 samples with V600 and two samples having a BRAF V601 mutation. Thirty eight samples (26%, 38/148, 95% CI 19%,33%) were positive for NRAS mutations, with 33 with Q61, two G12 and three G13 mutations. With the exception of one tumor sample, the BRAF and NRAS mutations were negatively correlated with each other, consistent with prior observations. We also observed a number of rare mutations in our samples including one in AKT1, one in AKT3, four in CDK4, five in beta-catenin, two in GNAQ and three in KIT. The results of this study demonstrated no difference between the two treatment arms in OS and PFS and no association with treatment outcome and BRAF and NRAS mutations. Consequently, the treatment arms were collapsed, and we examined the relationship of BRAF and NRAS mutations with OS and PFS. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that the BRAF and NRAS mutations did not correlate with OS or PFS. This sample population is unique in that it provides a large data set of melanoma tumor samples, all of whom were entered on a clinical trial, unselected for pre-existing mutations. Using the Sequenom assay platform, we have identified a number of mutations in a subset of genes known to be involved in melanoma in patient tumor samples. In the future, these tumor samples will be informative as we continue to examine and identify additional genetic alterations in melanoma, providing information regarding the natural history and distribution of certain mutations. Future studies will use array comparative genomic hybridization to further investigate additional somatic mutations occurring in melanoma tumors and correlate these with clinical outcome, as well as provide insight into the pathogenesis of melanoma. These results may lead to further opportunities for clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5557. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5557
VESICO-VAGINAL FISTULA; ITS ETIOLOGY AND TREATMENT.Read before the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at thfr Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: AUGUSTUS P. CLARKE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Vesico-vaginal fistula may be described as a preternatural opening between the bladder and the vagina. The communication may be located at the cervix or at the fundus of the bladder. Sometimes an opening from the urethra into the vagina takes place; an opening thus established is usually smaller and less jagged than is one situated in the neck or in the fundus of that viscus. Urethro-vaginal fistulæ may result from the compression to which the parts are exposed during parturition. It will be observed that the urethra in its oblique descent under the arch of the pubes toward the meatus urinarius occupies for some distance the anterior portion of the vaginal wall; this position exposes the urethro-vaginal tissue to many accidents during a difficult or tedious parturient process. In those cases in which the fistula is situated in a higher segment of the bladder, sloughing that has often caused an
Transforming growth factor induced FoxP3+ regulatory T cells suppress Th1 mediated experimental colitis
Authors: M C Fantini
Journal: Gut (2005)

<b>Background and aims:</b> The imbalance between effector and regulatory T cells plays a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition to the thymus, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells can be induced in the periphery from a population of CD25− T cells by treatment with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Here, we analysed the in vivo function of TGF-β induced regulatory T (Ti-Treg) cells in experimental colitis. <b>Methods:</b> Ti-Treg cells were generated in cell culture in the presence or absence of TGF-β and tested for their regulatory potential in experimental colitis using the CD4+CD62L+ T cell transfer model. <b>Results:</b> Ti-Treg cells significantly suppressed Th1 mediated colitis on CD4+CD62L+ T cell transfer in vivo, as shown by high resolution endoscopy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and cytokine analysis. Further analysis of in vivo and in vitro expanded Ti-Treg cells showed that exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2) was crucial for survival and expansion of these cells. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our data suggest that regulatory Ti-Treg cells expand by TGF-β and exogenous IL-2 derived from effector T cells at the site of inflammation. In addition to Tr1 and thymic CD4+CD25+ T cells, peripheral Ti-Treg cells emerge as a class of regulatory T cells with therapeutic potential in T cell mediated chronic intestinal inflammation.
Validity and reliability of the Myotest Pro wireless accelerometer
Authors: T M Bampouras, N Relph, D Orme, J I Esformes
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Assessing strength and power is crucial for evaluating muscular performance and function. As laboratory testing can be time-consuming or inaccessible to many athletes, portable accelerometers have been developed to assess strength and power on the field. Recently, a wireless accelerometer was introduced to allow for even greater flexibility in assessment. Nevertheless, any assessment tool must be valid and reliable. The aim of the current study was to assess the validity and reliability of a commercially available accelerometer. Forty-eight physically active subjects (males: n=32: age 30±9 years, height 1.79±0.12 m, body mass 82.0±14.3 kg; females: n=16: age 27±6 years, height 1.71±0.06 m, body mass 63.8±7.4 kg) completed two countermovement jump squats on a force plate (FP) with at least 1-min rest, on two separate occasions. The accelerometer was secured on a lightweight bar, which rested on the subjects' shoulders while jumping. The jump with the highest force generation was selected from each occasion for further analysis. Validity was determined from the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the accelerometer and the FP. Bias was also calculated, using a t test. Reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV), while test-retest differences were examined with a t test. The accelerometer demonstrated significant and high correlation to the FP (p=0.001, r=0.85), while it overestimated force production by 7.8% (p=0.001). Repeatability for both devices was the same (ICC=0.87), with small CV (accelerometer=7.5%, FP=6.1%) and test-retest differences (accelerometer=0.1%, FP=1.1%). The results indicate that the Myotest Pro accelerometer is a valid and reliable tool for assessing force in the field. However, caution needs to be exercised when the results are compared to data obtained from a FP, as the Myotest Pro calculation method overestimates the maximum force produced.
Absence of Uvula in South Sinai Bedouins
Authors: Ardon Rubinstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  One of the most serious problems of the Bedouins living in South Sinai is shortage of drinking water because of few rainfalls and scant wells. The Bedouins believe that removal of the uvula decreases thirst. When I served as a physician among the Bedouins in the South of Sinai, I noticed that all members of a Bedouin tribe had no uvula. Instead of a uvula, some persons had just a stump. Others, in addition to that, had a defect in the soft palate. I found out that during the first year of life the uvula is removed. This operation is performed by an old member of the tribe who travels from camp to camp for this purpose. He owns a tweezer-like instrument with which he clamps the uvula and cuts above the clamp with a hot knife. When this Bedouin became ill, the operation was performed by
IMPACT OF ANNUAL OPERATOR VOLUME ON IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AFTER LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (LVAD) IMPLANTATION IN ADVANCED HEART FAILURE PATIENTS FROM 1998 TO 2009: AN ANALYSIS OF 5,093 PROCEDURES
Authors: Neeraj Shah, Ankit Chothani, Nileshkumar Patel, Kathan Mehta, Abhishek Deshmukh, Sadip Pant, Peeyush Grover, Ghanshyambhai Savani, Shilpkumar Arora, Nilay Patel, Ankit Rathod, Apurva Badheka, James Lafferty
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
NATURE AND RECOGNITION OF CEREBRAL PALSY IN INFANCY
Authors: Meyer A. Perlstein
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The diagnosis of cerebral palsy is seldom made in early infancy, despite the fact that in approximately 90% of affected children the condition is congential.<sup>1</sup>The purpose of this paper is to discuss the nature of cerebral palsy in infancy, with special emphasis on early diagnosis. Much of the information presented is general knowledge, although some observations are reported directly from our personal experiences. Cerebral palsy is a term used to designate any paralysis, weakness, incoordination, or functional aberration of the motor system resulting from a pathological condition in the motor centers of the brain. The disease may be so localized as to cause only motor symptoms. More frequently, however, the brain damage is diffuse and may also cause convulsions, mental retardation, speech defects, behavior disturbances, and sensory losses of varying degree, particularly in hearing and vision. Sometimes only one of these associated defects exists; oftener, several are in