tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Nephrotic Syndrome in the Adult: Relationship of Clinical and Histological Findings.
Authors: William G. Bouman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The Nephrotic Syndrome in the Adult: Relationship of Clinical and Histological Findings.William G. Bouman, M.D., John M. Weller, M.D., F.A.C.P.William G. Bouman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John M. Weller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-803_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSixty-six consecutive adult patients having the nephrotic syndrome were studied to determine the relationship between various clinical factors (age, sex, hypertension, hematuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate, and proteinuria) and the type of histological alteration found on percutaneous renal biopsy.The commoner histological diagnoses were membranous glomerulonephritis (33%), proliferative glomerulonephritis (20%), membranous and proliferative glomerulonephritis (10%), lupus nephritis (10%), and normal kidney (10%). No correlation was found between age, sex, level of blood pressure, degree of hematuria or proteinuria, or reduction in glomerular filtration rate, and the type of histological alteration.These clinical factors cannot be used to predict the type... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 803-803KeywordsBiopsyBlood pressureGlomerular filtration rateGlomerulonephritisHypertensionKidneysLupus nephritisProteinuria Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
SANITARY ADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL AMENITIES: An Address delivered before the Metropolitan Counties Branch
Authors: C. Sanders
Journal: BMJ (1923)

In putting before you certain aspects of the present position of this branich of science, my aim has been to indicate that bacteriological knowledge, though already advanced to a prominent place in the forefront of humain progress, still presents so many crucial problems that its further advancement must be continuously maintained.Effective teaching is vital to the progress of a science, and the student must be taught in the research atmosphere if he is to gain any real inspiration from his studies.In these respects the universities, as apart from the purely research institutes, present the ideal conditions for the advancement of science, and therefore, in inaugurating my work in this historic seat of learning which has contributed an important share to the world's stock of knowledge, I would veniture to make an earnest plea for the fullest possible encouragement of bacteriological teaching and re- search, both in the immediate interests of medicine and in the greater and wider interests of human welfare.
Correction: Effect of Neuroimaging Studies on Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Stephen M. Salerno
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 September 1996Correction: Effect of Neuroimaging Studies on Acute Ischemic StrokeStephen M. Salerno, MDStephen M. Salerno, MDMadigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98431-5000Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Our article on neuroimaging studies and acute ischemic stroke contained an error. The initial stroke classification should have been 37.9% for small-vessel, 47.5% for unknown, 7.8% for large-vessel, and 6.8% for cardioembolic. The percentages published in the article were the final stroke classification after completion of all neuroimaging studies and ancillary tests instead of the intended initial stroke classification. This clarification does not affect our remaining results or our conclusions.Stephen M. Salerno, MDMadigan Army Medical CenterTacoma, WA 98431-5000 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98431-5000 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 5Page: 428KeywordsIschemic strokeNeuroimagingStroke Issue Published: 1 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Teen-agers and Venereal Disease
Authors: Maynard I. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Messages on venereal disease are usually presented by officials in the field of public health, and commonly go unheeded. This is a message from a private, solo general practitioner and presents the viewpoint of one busily engaged and concerned. The statistics used are from sources publicly available, and none are new. No new information is offered. No epidemiologist or statistician is trying to sway you. Only a practicing physician is delivering this indictment, hoping that you, also a practicing physician, will take note. The problem is critical. Nationally, 118,247 cases of syphilis were reported in the fiscal year 1964. Of these, 22,733 were primary or secondary. These figures easily spell a major socioeconomic problem. A conservative estimate from government sources would make the primary-secondary cases three times as great as reported. From my experiences during the past six years, I would project the figure still higher. The true reported rate
Drug Provocation Tests in Patients with a History Suggesting an Immediate Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction
Authors: Djamel Messaad, Hocine Sahla, Said Benahmed, Philippe Godard, Jean Bousquet, Pascal Demoly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reactions are common and can be life-threatening. Confirmation of the diagnosis should be rigorous and based on clinical history and a physical examination, possibly followed by skin tests and drug provocation tests. Objective: To describe the outcome of drug provocation tests in evaluating patients with histories suggesting drug allergy. Design: Retrospective analysis of clinic case series. Setting: The department for drug allergy at a university hospital. Patients: 898 consecutive patients with suspected immediate drug allergy referred to the clinic between September 1996 and August 2001. Patients with severe skin reactions and those with positive results on skin tests for β-lactams were excluded. Intervention: Single-blinded administration of increasing doses of the suspected drug, up to the usual daily dose, under strict hospital surveillance. Results: 1372 drug provocation tests were performed using various drugs, including β-lactams (30.3%), aspirin (14.5%), other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (11.7%), paracetamol (8.9%), macrolides (7.4%), and quinolones (2.4%). There were 241 (17.6%) positive drug provocation test results. Drug provocation reproduced the same symptoms, albeit milder and of a shorter duration, in the following patients: 13 (5.4%) with a history of anaphylactic shock, 17 (7.0%) with a history of anaphylaxis without shock, 10 (4.1%) with a history of laryngeal edema, 19 (7.9%) with a history of bronchospasm, 160 (66.4%) with a history of urticaria, and 22 (9.1%) with a history of maculopapular eruption. All adverse reactions were completely reversed by prednisolone, H1-antihistamines, and epinephrine as needed. Limitations: Falsely negative results on drug provocation tests may have occurred because of loss of sensitization, rare cofactors not included in the diagnostic procedure, and tolerance induction during provocation. Conclusions: Drug provocation tests in individuals with suspected drug allergy performed in carefully controlled settings can confirm drug hypersensitivity.
No more disease silos for sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: P. V. Marquez, J. L. Farrington
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Countries in sub-Saharan Africa are facing a double burden of communicable and non-communicable disease. <b>Patricio Marquez</b> and <b>Jill Farrington</b> argue that knowledge of their common determinants and the links between diseases should be used to spur development of coordinated programmes to prevent and treat both
Cardiomegaly of Unknown Cause Occurring in a Family
Authors: Raymond J. Walther, Irving M. Madoff, Kurt Zinner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

FAMILIAL cardiac enlargement of unknown cause was described by Evans1 in 1949. He presented the clinical and pathological features of 3 patients in two generations of a family, and his report included 7 other patients presenting similar clinical and pathological features. He also called attention to a case presented in 19422 discussing 3 siblings with cardiac enlargement of unknown cause. Because of the close resemblance, clinically and pathologically, of Evans's 10 cases he applied the name familial cardiomegaly to the entire group. Since the two communications cited above, at least 15 additional reports on this subject have appeared in the . . .
House of Cards: Psychology and Psychotherapy Built on Myth
Authors: Thomas H. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The disorders called mental illnesses afflict many persons with distress and disability and, in aggregate, constitute substantial social, personal, and economic problems in our culture. Psychotherapists assert the skills to provide alleviation and solutions, and often do. Professor Dawes' book is not a derisory exposé, as the title might suggest, but a thoughtful scrutiny of the present state of scientific thinking and the lack of it in clinical practice. Up to about 1950 most professional therapists were physicians. Since then, attracted by status and salaries, professing therapists without medical training have increased exponentially in number. The clinical practice of psychology has increasingly divorced itself from its research base, while the rigor of training in scientific method has diminished. There are now more clinical psychologists than psychiatrists and more psychiatric social workers than clinical psychologists. Treatment is provided in the main by nonphysicians. Almost anyone can open an office and solicit
Age at Menarche
Authors: Leona Zacharias, Richard J. Wurtman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

CLINICIANS are often asked by concerned parents whether their daughter's age at menarche is abnormally late — or abnormally early. In answer, it may be said that what is normal for a particular girl depends upon her genes and life history as well as the common characteristic of human females to start to menstruate at sometime during the second decade of life.For each species of mammal, a characteristic period elapses between birth and the development of full sexual function. In normal girls evidence of sexual maturation characteristically appears not at four or 40, but at eight or 10 or . . .
British cancer death rates fell by 12% between 1972 and 2002
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

More people than ever in Britain are surviving cancer thanks largely to changes in lifestyle, screening services, earlier diagnoses, and prompt treatments, the latest figures have shown. Death rates have been falling while the incidence has been increasing.

Figures from Cancer Research UK show that the death rate for people dying from cancer in the United Kingdom fell by 12% between 1972 and 2002, although the rate of decrease in men is three times the rate in women (18% v 6%). …
Chemotherapy of Cancer
Authors: Jane C. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This is probably the best book on the chemotherapy of cancer produced to date. It summarizes the topic well and gives the experiences of many of the outstanding pioneers in this field. The authors have employed many of the numerous drugs which have been available since the late 1940s in the treatment of human tumors; they discuss the common tumors and some of the rare ones on which progress has been made, and review their individual experiences. Treatments and dosage schedules vary from physician to physician and among institutions, and the authors have their favorites. Thus, a wide range of experience is related. Most of the recommendations and observations have been confirmed. Chapter 1 represents an exceptionally excellent review of the mechanisms of action of the anti-cancer drugs available today, both investigational and noninvestigational. The total pharmacology known in this area is clearly and concisely presented. The book gives details
Clefts Can Be Seen in the Basal Inferior Wall of the Left Ventricle and the Interventricular Septum in Healthy Volunteers as Well as Patients by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Bengt Johansson, Alicia M. Maceira, Sonya V. Babu-Narayan, James C. Moon, Dudley J. Pennell, Philip J. Kilner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Book: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice * Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice
Authors: J. Clark
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Eds Gordon Guyatt, Drummond Rennie AMA Press, $62.95, pp 706, with CD Rom ISBN 1 57947 174 9 Eds Gordon Guyatt, Drummond Rennie AMA Press, $35.95, pp 442, with CD Rom ISBN 1 57947 191 9 www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/7350.html Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img>; ![Graphic][5]</img>![Graphic][6]</img>![Graphic][7]</img>![Graphic][8]</img> The evidence based medicine philosophy has become so embedded in the activities and motives of the healthcare enterprise that it is hard to believe that it has been only 20 years since the term evidence based medicine (EBM) was first coined. Credited with changing the way clinicians practise medicine, EBM has … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-7.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-8.gif
Intravascular and total body platelet equilibrium in healthy volunteers and in thrombocytopenic patients transfused with single donor platelets
Authors: Daniel B. Brubaker, Carol Marcus, Edwin Holmes
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Instrument platelet counts used in corrected count increment (CCI) and percent platelet recovery (PPR) formulas presume the transfused platelets are in equilibrium during the first hour after platelet transfusion. The timing of the pre-transfusion count affects CCI results, and we postulate that timing of CCI post transfusion affects CCI results. Platelet equilibrium using indium-111 platelet transfusions has not been reported. Platelet redistribution was studied in 16 healthy volunteers and 12 thrombocytopenic patients by generally infusing less than 72-hr stored single-donor platelets along with an aliquot of indium-111-labeled platelets by intravenous push. Counts were measured at 10, 15, 20, 60, and 120 min, and 24, 48, 72 hr along with continuous body scanning for 2 hr in healthy volunteers, and static organ scanning in patients and volunteers. Results indicated transfused platelets do not reach intravascular equilibrium for 60 min post-infusion and that the 10-min count cannot detect platelet refractoriness. However, total body equilibrium varies considerably between normal volunteers and thrombocytopenic patients. It is recommended to continue with the 1-hr post transfusion count. Am. J. Hematol. 58:165–176, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Diabetes in Pregnancy in Zuni Indian Women: Prevalence and subsequent development of clinical diabetes after gestational diabetes
Authors: Evan Benjamin, Diane Winters, Jennifer Mayfield, Dorothy Gohdes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Objective— To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Zuni Indian women and the subsequent rate of diabetes among Zuni women with GDM. Research Design and Methods— A retrospective analysis of 809 deliveries over a 4-yr period among Zuni Indian women was conducted to determine the prevalence of GDM and diabetes antedating pregnancy. A prospective case-control study of 47 full-blooded Zuni Indian women with GDM and 47 control subjects was performed to determine the progression to clinical diabetes in women with a first-time diagnosis of GDM. Cases with GDM delivered during a defined 8-yr period. The control group of Zuni women delivered during the same time period but had plasma glucose values &amp;lt;7.8 mM on the 1-h glucose screening test. Cases with GDM and control subjects were matched for age, body mass index, gravidity, and length of follow-up. All women were re-evaluated for diabetes up to 9 yr after the index pregnancy. Results— Between 1987–1990, 116 cases of GDM and 8 cases of pre-existing diabetes were identified, giving a prevalence of maternal diabetes in pregnancy of 15.3%. At the time of follow-up, 14 of 47 (30%) women with GDM had developed diabetes after a mean of 4.8 yr compared with only 3 of 47 (6%) from the control group with an average of 5.5 yr follow-up. Conclusions— GDM is prevalent among Zuni Indians and is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Glucose tolerance after GDM may deteriorate at a greater rate in Native Americans than in other populations.
Use of the Cephalic Vein in Intravenous Therapy
Authors: N. H. Antia
Journal: BMJ (1955)

MEDICAL JOURKNAL too late.Backache is a condition which may easily be hidden at pre-employment examination.It is the duty of doctors to keep the working man fit and to restore him quickly to normal health if any illnesses or accidents occur, rather than to adopt the defeatest attitude implied in recommending a permanent change of work.At Stanton, so far as lower backache is concerned, we are trying to solve these problems by means of an efficient physiotherapy department, an educational campaign, and improved design and lay-out of plant. SummaryThis paper records the attempts made by a general practitioner and a physiotherapist to tackle the problem of lower backache in the face of very confused guidance from lecturers and literature.Our treatment routine consists of infra-red therapy, massage, and (in most cases) manipulation, with occa- sional use of strapping and short-wave diathermy.In our opinion the treatment works.So long as the exact causes of backache remain so uncertain we feel thoroughly justified in employing empirical methods.We believe that prompt treatment of even trivial cases of backache by relaxation and manipulation reduces suffering and absenteeism.Unfortunately the study has been made retrospec- tively, and we have been handicapped by the diversity of the statistics which have to be kept to meet the require- ments of the Factory Inspectorate, Ministry of National Insurance, and our own management.
Clinical neurologic indices of toxicity in animals.
Authors: J L O'Donoghue
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The fundamental structures and functions of the nervous systems of animals and humans are conserved in many ways across species. These similarities provide a basis for developing common neurologic examinations for a number of species of animals and also provide a basis for developing risk assessments across species for neurologic end points. The neurologic examination requires no expensive equipment and can be conducted in the field or wherever impaired animals are identified. The proper conduct of neurologic examinations in animals assumes that the examiner has a fundamental understanding of the normal structure and function of the nervous system as well as knowledge about the spontaneous disease background of the species being studied.
Emphysema and cutis laxa.
Authors: L Turner-Stokes, C Turton, F M Pope, M Green
Journal: Thorax (1983)

We describe two teenage patients with severe, generalised emphysema, occurring in association with cutis laxa, a heritable disorder of elastin.Emphysema is described in infants with the recessive form of cutis laxa, but our patients are unusual in that emphysema was not apparent until adolescence. Case reports CASE I
Telemetry—Best Detective in Tracing CHD
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In 1964, Norland and Semler<sup>1</sup>observed that the telemetry system of electrocardiographic recording, which they termed "dynamic electrocardiography," can be used for detecting angina pectoris or paroxysmal arrhythmias that cannot be demonstrated with conventional electrocardiography. The telemetry system used by these authors was developed by Holter.<sup>2</sup>In 1968, Bellet et al<sup>3</sup>used continuous electrocardiography during automobile driving to monitor normal subjects and patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). In contrast to findings in normal subjects, even during relatively favorable driving conditions, 16.7% of the patients in this study who had CHD manifested noticeable electrocardiographic changes, including ischemic ST segment depression, multifocal premature contractions, and ventricular bigeminal or trigeminal rhythm. More recently, Golding et al<sup>4</sup>were able to detect by 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring transient ST segment elevations during normal daily activity in persons in whom electrocardiograms both at rest and during stress-testing did not produce any abnormalities.
Carbon Monoxide Levels and Methylene Chloride Exposure
Authors: C. S. Strande
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter in<i>JAMA</i>(239:2341, 1978) on carbon monoxide (CO) levels from methylene chloride exposure deserves a comment. While the conversion of methylene chloride to CO in vivo is well recognized, the mechanism, magnitude, and importance of this phenomenon are less well known. It is unfortunate, therefore, that potentially useful contributions to our knowledge in this area appear in the form of poorly documented accounts like the one presented in the aforementioned letter. The correspondents conclude that the greatest threat to their patients was the continued high level of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb). In other words, their diagnosis in both cases is (acute) CO poisoning. In the range of 10% to 30% COHb, the expected clinical symptoms in order of decreasing incidence are as follows: headache, 94%; dizziness, 83%; hypertension, 63%; musculoskeletal weakness, 59%; and nausea, 31%.<sup>1</sup>Not one of these symptoms is described in either of their
Negotiators try to persuade Japan, Canada, and Russia to soften opposition to climate treaty
Authors: J. Vidal
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Hopes were rising in Cancun this week that an interim climate deal could be reached by politicians from 193 countries.

As the BMJ went to press on Tuesday, wide differences remained between rich and poor nations on key issues, but negotiators were aiming for an unambitious but pragmatic agreement to take forward to next year’s concluding summit in South Africa.

Several problems—or “roadblocks” in diplomatic jargon—remained to be worked out at the midpoint of the talks. The thorniest was how to persuade Japan, Canada, and Russia to soften their hardline stance not to sign up to a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, the …