tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy for Advanced Male Breast Cancer
Authors: Hwee-Yong Yap
Journal: JAMA (1980)

An analysis of 29 chemotherapeutic trials in 18 male patients with advanced breast cancer disclosed an overall response rate of 44%. Most of these chemotherapeutic trials consisted of single-agent regimens, namely, fluorouracil, methotrexate, thiotepa, cyclophosphamide, and melphalan. Our data suggest that responsiveness of advanced male breast cancer to systemic chemotherapeutic agents is the same as that reported for advanced female breast cancer. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1739-1741, 1980)
Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia – combined cytogenetic, immunophenotypical and molecular analysis of 77 cases
Authors: A Borkhardt, C Wuchter, S Viehmann, S Pils, A Teigler-Schlegel, M Stanulla, M Zimmermann, W-D Ludwig, G Janka-Schaub, M Schrappe, J Harbott
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
Taking on the tobacco industry
Authors: Kate Spencer
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2014)

In 1961, Fred Levin, a Jewish lawyer, joined the law firm founded by his older brother, because in a small town like Pensacola, FL, USA, few doors were open to him. After a shaky start in life, choosing to gamble and drink in his early years, Levin struggled through college. Nevertheless, he turned his ways around in law school and graduated third in his class. Today, Fred Levin is one of the highest paid, and well-known lawyers in history.
The great technological divide
Authors: Ganapati Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Whereas some hospitals and medical schools are introducing telemedicine networks and computer assisted learning, health clinics elsewhere do not even have the facilities to carry out a caesarean section. Ganapati Mudur sees a digital divide opening up in South Asia 

An infant girl, barely 72 hours old after a premature birth and still struggling for life in a Mumbai hospital, needed Rh negative blood. The hospital had exhausted its stock,and the parents had failed to find a suitable donor.

Someone suggested a blood bank in an eastern suburb of the city. There, a technician searched a database of nearly 2000 potential blood donors. In an hour, three donors had turned up at the hospital. “There was some scepticism even among medical colleagues when welaunched the database six years ago,” says Dr Ajit Chitre, medical director of the bank. “They asked us why we were collecting addresses, rather than blood. But it's gone now.”

The database of blood donors in Mumbai is a vivid illustration of how information technology—computers and communication—is transforming healthcare delivery in South Asia. Telemedicine networks have sprung up to deliver health care to remote locations, and patients now have the option of consulting some doctors online.

For the medical community, the introduction of information technology has meant easierand faster …
Does growth hormone reduce fibrosis?
Authors: J Beranek
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

In the article by Grimm et al. [1] dealing with the action of growth hormone on left ventricle remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats, the authors have concluded that growth hormone enhanced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and reduced adaptive fibrosis in the noninfarcted part of the wall. Inter alia , they document their findings in Fig. 3. While Fig. 3B visualizes the untreated myocardium, in Fig. 3C the myocardium has been treated with growth hormone. The problem is that the fibrosis in the untreated ventricle (Fig. 3B) is not purely adaptive but corresponds to a mixture of adaptive and reparative fibroses. It is generally accepted that adaptive fibrosis is present in the interstitial space and reparative fibrosis consists of scars in the places previously occupied by dead cardiomyocytes [2, Fig. 1]. In adaptive fibrosis, most collagen fibers run parallel to the long axis of cardiomyocytes, while in reparative fibrosis they are arranged in an irregular crisscross pattern.

In Fig. 3B [1], …
Long term psychological outcome for women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: cross sectional survey
Authors: John F Morgan, Helen Murphy, J Hubert Lacey, Gerard Conway
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Management of conditions associated with intersex, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is controversial.A recent editorial in the BMJ called for long term studies of outcome. 1 Females (genotype XX) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia are born with ambiguous genitalia, have feminising genitoplasty soon after birth, and often have repeated genital surgery and genital examinations in adolescence.This has raised fears that the condition and its management adversely affect psychosexual development or psychosocial adjustment. 2 The "serious deficiency of any evidence base" on long term outcome prompted us to investigate the hypothesis that psychiatric morbidity is increased and that social and psychological adjustment is impaired in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
<i>Klinische und Vererbungsmedisinische Untersuchungen über Oligophrenie in einer Nordschwedischen Bauernpopulation.</i>By Torsten Sjögren. (<i>Copenhagen: Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica, Supplementum II, Levin and Munksgaard, 1932.</i>)
Authors: R. MacLachlan Franks
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1932)
WAIST HIP RATIO, NOT BODY MASS INDEX PREDICTED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN A MULTI ETHNIC COHORT OF HEALTHY ADULTS.
Authors: Sandip K. Zalawadiya, Jyotiranjan Pradhan, Ashutosh Niraj, Vikas Veerana, Palaniappan Manickam, Pavan Hari, Jacob Sony, Luis Afonso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
MB Fraction of Creatine Kinase-Reply
Authors: Arthur J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dilution of total CK activity to 300 IU/L before isoenzyme separation will minimize the chance of detecting CK-MB positivity from a skeletal source. Our point is that transient elevations of CK-MB in serum, as has been reported after injury to drivers in automobile accidents,<sup>1</sup>may be nonspecific rather than reflect myocardial damage. We agree that dilution may adversely affect CK-MB sensitivity for myocardial injury, but this is a limitation inherent in the technique.
RADIUM IN CANCER THERAPY
Authors: D. Quick
Journal: BMJ (1930)

THE decade just passed, dturing which radiutm has come into a promiinelnt position, has beeni an extremely activ-e and interestinig one in the cancer field.T'his has been due, in part at least, to tlhe fact that radium and its allied physical agent, the x ray, produce rapidlyand readily demonstrable effects on n-eoplastic tissue.Canieer investi- gators have not pr-eviously had such a stimulus.In spite of the amount of investigation carried oln for generations, improvement in cancer therapy was dependent almost entirely on technical surgical advances.Flurries of excite- ment hav-e conitinued to centre transiently about alleged curative agenlts, usually of the conistituitional type, but always wz ith the samie final resuilt.Tlhe experience with r,aidlium an(l x rays, oni the other lhand, has been one of inicreas,ing confidenice over a period of years.New tissue changes have been produced, the stuidy of which continues to throw light on'the intricate and complicated reactions,
Endoscopic Removal of a Bronchial Lipoma with the Neodymium-YAG Laser
Authors: T.T. Smirniotopoulos, L.J. Quate, A. Arabian, P.K. Rohatgi
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

A 56-year-old man presented with right middle and lower lobe pneumonia with empyema. Bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy revealed a lipoma in the bronchus intermedius. Removal of the lipoma was achieved with the Neodymium-Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser through a fiberoptic bronchoscope. The present case represents the first report of endobronchial lipoma with the Nd:YAG laser in the United States.
Free eye tests introduced for people over 60 in England and Wales
Authors: M. Pownall
Journal: BMJ (1999)

People over the age of 60 in England and Wales are now entitled to free eye tests, the Department of Health announced last week, 10 years after charges were first introduced for this service.

This means that seven million people in England and Wales can now have eye tests paid for by the NHS. Similar arrangements are being made for people living in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Announcing the new service, the secretary of state for health, Frank Dobson said: …
Calculi and Colic: A Curtain Call
Authors: Benedict R. Harrow, Jack A. Sloane
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Your recent editorial on calculi and colic (<i>JAMA</i><b>186</b>:1166 [Dec 28] 1963) presented a point that was well taken. It is surprising how a misnomer and misconception of biliary and renal colic has been handed down for centuries, from textbook to textbook and teachers to students. Yet, if one would only listen to patients, without having preconceived ideas, this truth would become clear. Only a sprinkling of authors have pointed out for many years that so-called renal colic is not true colic but most often a constant type of pain. The same concept was presented in a communication entitled "Anuria and Hydronephrosis Following Ureteral Catheterization," in the May 5, 1962, issue ofThe Journal(<b>180</b>:415). Such a concept is not trivial because it influences the understanding of renal and ureteral pain and the mode of treatment. As was pointed out in the 1962 communication, antispasmodic
HABITUAL DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER
Authors: W. B. CARRELL
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The literature on recurring dislocation of the shoulder has been reviewed recently by Henderson1and by Speed2and will not be repeated in this paper.  In primary traumatic dislocation, the humeral head is thrust downward and forward, as the arm is hyperabducted. The capsule gives way along the margin of the glenoid rim between the subscapularis in front and the origin of the triceps on the posterior margin. From this position, the direction of force carries it forward beneath the coracoid process in 90 per cent of the cases.  Recurrence of dislocation follows excessive function or accidental hyperabduction of the arm before the torn capsule has had sufficient time to heal. Each succeeding dislocation is accomplished with greater ease, and the capsule finally becomes patulous and accommodates the head outside the glenoid cavity.  In a dissection of the anterior shoulder region three days after a recurring dislocation, I
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC II) Deficiency in a Child with Panhypogammaglobulinemia and Lymphopenia
Authors: A.E. Bailey, J.J.H. Bleesing, S.M. Jones, T.T. Perry, U.M. Nagarajan, A.M. Scurlock
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Expression of PS2 Protein and Its Relation with the Ki&amp;ndash;67 Proliferative Indices and Tumor Recurrence in Superficial Bladder Carcinomas
Authors: &Ouml;zg&uuml;l Sa&gbreve;ol, Kutsal Y&ouml;r&uuml;ko&gbreve;lu, Bur&ccedil;in Tuna, Erdener &Ouml;zer, Banu Sis, Merih G&uuml;ray, U&gbreve;ur Mungan, Ziya K&inodot;rkal&inodot;
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Intrauterine Devices and Their Complications
Authors: Alex S. Tulsky
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In the late 1930s there was a brief flurry of activity around the use of the intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive agent following Ota's work with it in Japan. I recall my colleagues and I, among others, laboriously fashioning such a device of silkworm gut and stainless steel wire (two of the various materials suggested). We were soon disenchanted, however, because of the many major and minor complications that ensued, and which, even in that much less litigious era, gave us pause to reflect and then desist. After a hiatus of 20 years, renewed interest, expedited by improved inert plastic materials with metal and hormone additives, has led to a resurgence in the development and use of the IUD as a contraceptive. When it is estimated that in the United States alone some 3 to 4 million women use IUDs, along with 12 to 15 million women worldwide, it
Effect of regulated expression of human cyclooxygenase isoforms on eicosanoid and isoeicosanoid production in inflammation
Authors: B.F. McAdam, I.A. Mardini, A. Habib, A. Burke, J.A. Lawson, S. Kapoor, G.A. FitzGerald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

To examine the role of cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes in prostaglandin formation and oxidant stress in inflammation, we administered to volunteer subjects placebo or bolus injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which caused a dose-dependent increase in temperature, heart rate, and plasma cortisol. LPS caused also dose-dependent elevations in urinary excretion of 2,3-dinor 6-keto PGF1α (PGI-M) and 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 (Tx-M). Platelet COX-1 inhibition by chronic administration of low-dose aspirin before LPS did not alter the symptomatic and febrile responses to LPS, but the increment in urinary PGI-M and Tx-M were both partially depressed. Pretreatment with ibuprofen, a nonspecific COX inhibitor, attenuated the febrile and systemic response to LPS and inhibited prostanoid biosynthesis. Both celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, and ibuprofen attenuated the pyrexial, but not the chronotropic, response to LPS. Experimental endotoxemia caused differential expression of the COX isozymes in monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes ex vivo. LPS also increased urinary iPF2α-III, iPF2α-VI, and 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI, isoprostane (iP) indices of lipid peroxidation, and none of the drugs blunted this response. These studies indicate that (a) although COX-2 predominates, both COX isozymes are induced and contribute to the prostaglandin response to LPS in humans; (b) COX activation contributes undetectably to lipid peroxidation induced by LPS; and (c) COX-2, but not COX-1, contributes to the constitutional response to LPS in humans.
The predictive values of beta<sub>1</sub>‐adrenergic and M<sub>2</sub> muscarinic receptor autoantibodies for sudden cardiac death in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Juanhui Pei, Ning Li, Jingzhou Chen, Xian Li, Yinhui Zhang, Zengwu Wang, Ping Zhang, Kejiang Cao, Jielin Pu
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Electrocardiographic Pattern of Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Borys Surawicz
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In 1954, Burch and co-workers identified a specific electrocardiographic pattern peculiar to certain patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA).<sup>1</sup>In the series of Burch et al, 14 of 17 patients with this pattern had an intracranial hemorrhage. Subsequently, other investigators found the same pattern in patients with nonvascular intracranial lesions. However, in all studies the pattern was most frequently observed in patients with intracranial hemorrhage. The "CVA pattern" is characterized by wide T waves of large amplitude ("giant" T waves). These wide T waves are usually inverted in the standard limb and in the left precordial leads and upright in the right precordial leads. Sometimes, the wide T waves of large amplitude are upright in the three standard limb leads and in the leads V<sub>1</sub>through V<sub>6</sub>. The QT<sub>c</sub>interval is usually prolonged by up to 60% above normal. In many cases, the wide T wave cannot
Recovery of Small-Intestinal Structure and Function After Residence in the Tropics
Authors: CHARLES D. GERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Xylose absorption and jejunal villus architecture were frequently abnormal in asymptomatic Indians and Pakistanis who had moved to the United States. Significant improvement toward normal in both xylose absorption and villus architecture occurred with increasing periods of residence in this country. The intestinal abnormalities were not associated with ova and parasites in the stool or increased urinary indican excretion and did not correlate with continued ingestion of curried foods while in the United States. Elevated serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were found only in subjects with normal absorption. Serum triglyceride levels rose in all of 12 subjects whose carbohydrate absorption improved during continued residence in New York City.
UMBILICAL HERNIA PERFORATING THE ABDOMINAL WALL.
Authors: MYRON METZENBAUM
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —Woman, an imbecile, aged 56, about 3 feet 2 inches in height; weight, 135 pounds. <h3>History.</h3> —For more than twenty years it was known that she had an umbilical hernia. During the past four years the hernia was of such proportions as to indicate that it was formed of a very large portion of the small intestines, with a large part of the omentum. The hernia was never reducible; there always remained a considerable portion of the intestines out of the abdominal cavity. The hernial opening permitted only two coils of the bowel to slip by each other. The woman aided in performing simple household duties, was able to take care of her person to a very fair degree, but under no condition was it possible to train her to wear an abdominal support. On the evening of March 19, 1904, the people with whom she lived noticed that
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common variants associated with blood pressure variation in east Asians
Authors: Norihiro Kato, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Yasuharu Tabara, Tanika N Kelly, Min Jin Go, Xueling Sim, Wan Ting Tay, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Yi Zhang, Ken Yamamoto, Tomohiro Katsuya, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Young Jin Kim, Rick Twee Hee Ong, Toru Nabika, Dongfeng Gu, Li-ching Chang, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Wei Huang, Keizo Ohnaka, Yukio Yamori, Eitaro Nakashima, Cashell E Jaquish, Jong-Young Lee, Mark Seielstad, Masato Isono, James E Hixson, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Tetsuro Miki, Xueya Zhou, Takao Sugiyama, Jae-Pil Jeon, Jian Jun Liu, Ryoichi Takayanagi, Sung Soo Kim, Tin Aung, Yun Ju Sung, Xuegong Zhang, Tien Yin Wong, Bok-Ghee Han, Shotai Kobayashi, Toshio Ogihara, Dingliang Zhu, Naoharu Iwai, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Yik Ying Teo, E Shyong Tai, Yoon Shin Cho, Jiang He
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
2005 Lasker Awards Honor Groundbreaking Biomedical Research, Public Service
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn, Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

PIONEERING STEM CELL RESEARCHers, innovative geneticists, and a tireless advocate of breast cancer research and awareness are being honored this week as recipients as the 2005 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards. Now celebrating its 60th anniversary, the Lasker Awards are the United States’ most distinguished honor for contributions to basic and clinical medical research, as well as public service on behalf of the medical research enterprise. The Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is shared by Ernest McCulloch, MD, and James Till, PhD, of the Ontario Cancer Institute, in Toronto, Canada, for experiments that first identified a blood-forming stem cell and set the stage for current research on adult and embryonic stem cells. The Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research is awarded to Sir Edwin Southern, FRS, of the University of Oxford, and Sir Alec Jeffreys, FRS, of the University of Leicester, both in the United Kingdom, for development of two genetic technologies, Southern hybridization and DNA fingerprinting, that together revolutionized human genetics and forensic diagnostics. The Mary Woodard Lasker Award for Public Service honors Nancy Brinker, founder and president of the Dallas, Tex.–based Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, for creating one of the world’s most notable foundations devoted to curing breast cancer and dramatically increasing public awareness about this disease. Joseph Goldstein, MD, a past Lasker winner who serves as chairman of the international jury that selects recipients of the Lasker Awards for research, explained that thisyear’sBasic andClinicalResearchawardsrecognizedresearchers whose insights had far-reaching effects. “Occasionally scientists take special note of an observation or interpret it in a novel way,” he said. “These ‘eureka moments’ can profoundly alter the course of scientific progress. This year’s Lasker Awards honor three such achievements.” Daniel Koshland, PhD, professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and chairman of the selection committee for the Lasker Award for Public Service, explained why Nancy Brinker was chosen. “Brinker has devoted her life to fulfilling a pledge to her dying sister to raise public awareness about breast cancer, promote its early diagnosis and effective treatment, and increase medical research to achieve its eventual eradication.” The awards will be presented at a luncheon ceremony on September 23 in New York City.
Myeloma and Other Neoplasia
Authors: A. Theologides, B. J. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> An editorial (236:1612, 1976) commented on articles in the same issue by Robins and Chopra (236:1609, 1976), R. Bell and colleagues (236:1609, 1976), and on the occurrence of multiple myeloma with other neoplasms. We wish to report another patient. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 67-year-old man was seen for the first time in March 1972, because he had bleeding from the rectum. In July 1970, a chest roentgenogram showed a mass in the right lower lung field. In the sputum, there were squamous epithelial cells that were strongly suggestive of malignant disease. A mediastinoscopy was negative for cancer. Because of severe, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a thoracotomy was not done, and the patient was treated with a total of 5,300 rads of<sup>60</sup>Co radiation therapy to the hilum and right lower lung. He did relatively well until early in 1972, when he began to feel weak
Predictors of Asthma Control: Results from the Asthma Control Characteristics and Prevalence Survey Study (ACCESS)
Authors: R.H. Stanford, A.W. Gilsenan, W. Lincourt, C. Lankevich, R.M. Ziemiecki, D.A. Stempel, H.G. Ortega
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Giant cell arteritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: C.B. BUNKER, PAULINE M. DOWD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We describe a case of histologically proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) in a 62‐year‐old woman who initially presented with upper limb girdle pain and weakness, and intermittent claudication. Clinical improvement was obtained with oral prednisolone. She subsequently developed a photosensitive rash and was diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus. The features of the two conditions and the possibility of an association are discussed.
Behavioral Health: A Handbook of Health Enhancement and Disease Prevention
Authors: Kerr L. White
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<b>The Value of Preventive Medicine</b>, edited by David Evered and Julie Whelan (Ciba Foundation Symposium 110, London, April 1984), 258 pp, with illus, $35, London, Pitman Books Ltd, 1985. These two volumes represent long (<i>Behavioral Health</i>) and short (<i>The Value of Preventive Medicine</i>) versions of contemporary views on the relative efficacy, effectiveness, and costs of a wide variety of measures purported to promote health or ameliorate the ravages of age and disease. From their respective viewpoints, the collections cover about all that can plausibly be said on such subjects as cigarette smoking, diet, abuse of alcohol, safety, use of seat belts, exercise, weight control, rest and recreation, and their influence on psychological, physical, and social function. The long version has 146 contributors, largely from the behavioral sciences, in contrast to the short version's 25 contributors, largely epidemiologists and economists. Although their orientations differ, there is an overlap in the disciplines