tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypertonic saline increases vascular permeability in the rat trachea by producing neurogenic inflammation.
Authors: E Umeno, D M McDonald, J A Nadel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

In this study, we examined whether inhalation of hypertonic saline aerosols increases vascular permeability in the rat trachea, and we examined the role of neurogenic inflammation in this response. Stereological point counting was performed to measure the percent area occupied by Monastral blue-labeled blood vessels as a means of quantifying the increase in vascular permeability in tracheal whole mounts. Hypertonic saline aerosols (3.6-14.4% NaCl) increased vascular permeability in a dose-dependent fashion compared with 0.9% NaCl. Thus, the area density of Monastral blue-labeled vessels after inhalation of 3.6% NaCl was greater (21.2 +/- 3.5% mean +/- SEM, n = 5) than after 0.9% NaCl aerosol (3.3 +/- 0.9%, n = 5, P less than 0.5). The neutral endopeptidase inhibitor phosphoramidon (2.5 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly potentiated the increase of vascular permeability caused by 3.6% NaCl. Desensitization of sensory nerve endings by pretreatment with capsaicin markedly reduced the usual increase in vascular permeability caused by 3.6% NaCl, but the increase in vascular permeability induced by aerosolized substance P (10(-4) M) was unchanged. These findings suggest that hypertonic saline increases vascular permeability in the rat trachea by stimulating the release of neuropeptides from sensory nerves.
Psychosomatic Inpatient Rehabilitation: The German Model
Authors: Michael Linden
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

The term 'psychosomatic' has many connotations, be it in the sense of a general biopsychosocial concept in medicine as outlined in the ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) of the World Health Organization, a holistic and person-centered view of the patient beyond the illness, the treatment of somatoform or somatic disorders, or special psychotherapeutic approaches. In Germany, there are also about 25,000 inpatient beds in 'psychosomatic rehabilitation hospitals', which treat approximately 5/1,000 inhabitants in the working age population per year. These institutions give an example of how to translate the theoretical concepts of psychosomatic medicine and of the ICF into clinical practice. 'Psychosomatic rehabilitation' aims at the prevention, treatment and compensation of chronic illness by a biopsychosocial approach. This includes a multilevel psychosomatic assessment and a multidimensional treatment focus including the reduction of symptoms, the training of capacities, the coping with chronic illness and impairment, the restoration of well-being and normal life, and the occupational reintegration including the search for a workplace, which allows work in spite of impairment. Scientific studies have shown that the psychological status, the motivation to work, the number of days on sickness leave and occupational reintegration can be improved, and that the system pays for the patients themselves, but also pension and health insurance companies.
Familial Clubbing of Digits
Authors: D. R. Seaton
Journal: BMJ (1938)

many specimens have to be taken and but few are positive.The number of cases, however (now amounting to thirteen), from which actinomyces has been obtained from the excised spleen or blood in acholuric jaundice, splenic anaemia, and Banti's disease makes it probable that the present orga,,sm bears an aetiological relation to the disease.This is the first occasion on which a known pathogenic species of actinomyces has been isolated from cases of jaundice.It also appears to be the first occasion on which Actiniomiiyces caprae has been.found in a human case.Actinoniyces caprae was first isolated from the lung of a goat by Silberschmidt (1899).Galli}-Valerio (1912) obtained it from the same source.An attempt has been made to identify agglutinin to A ctinonzyces caprae in the blood of the patient.The organism is particularly difficult to emulsify.A thin emulsion, however, made by continual shaking of a twenty-four-hour broth culture showed no agglutination
THE USE OF WHOLE-BODY CRYOSTIMULATION TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF SLEEP IN ATHLETES DURING HIGH LEVEL STANDARD COMPETITIONS
Authors: R Bouzigon, G Ravier, B Dugue, F Grappe
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background This is a field study realized during basketball preparation tournaments for the European championship 2013 with men and women French team. During these competitions, athletes used Whole-Body Cryostimulation (WBC) exposures to enhance their recovery. Objective The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of WBC on the quality of sleep (QS) in athletes during the night following the exposure. Design The preparation took place during one week in a training camp followed by three international matches in three days (one per day). Setting The study was performed with high standard level athletes men and women of the basketball French teams. Participants 27 basketball players participated fully in the study (12 females, 11 males, age: 25.8±3.5 years; weight: 88.5±15.7 kg; height: 192.5±11.8 cm). Risk factor assessment The WBC treatment was 3-min exposure between −110°C and -150°C in the morning or/and in the evening after a training or match session. Main outcome measurements The QS was assessed every day before the exposure with a perceptual scale graduated from 1 “bad sleep” to 5 “restful sleep” adapted from Spiegel's questionnaire. The data were analyzed using paired t-test. Results An improvement in the QS was observed in the night following WBC (3.7±0.7 vs 3.2±0.9, P&lt;.05) compared with what was observed the night without previous WBC. Conclusions Athletes experienced better sleep quality after WBC exposure. Even if the night duration was short during this period, they expressed they had a deeper, quieter and less disturbed sleep. The improvement of the QS during both competition and heavy training load periods appears of importance to enhance athletes' recovery. Such situation may lead to 1) a better standing of the training load, 2) less fatigue before the matches and 3) a decrease of the injury risks.
EFFECT OF GASTRIC RESECTION ON GASTRIC ACIDITY
Authors: MORRIS T. FRIEDELL
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Early in the war Willcox1reported that, of 41 soldiers evacuated from France and complaining of dyspepsia, 19 had duodenal ulcers and 7 had gastric ulcers. He expressed the belief that the ulcer had existed in most cases prior to enlistment and that conditions in the service had caused a relapse. The etiologic factors for exacerbation or recurrence of symptoms he listed as an increased use of tobacco, alteration of diet, dental deficiencies and familial background. He was unable to relate the high incidence of ulcer to neurogenic factors and felt that ulcer did not develop in men entirely healthy prior to enlistment in the services. Morris2later reported that 143 men in a group of 500 soldiers complaining of dyspepsia had duodenal ulcer. Payne and Newman3made an interim report on dyspepsia in the British army up to December 1940. From the period of dispatch of
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IS RELATED TO INCREASED FIBROSIS IN THE LEFT ATRIUM AND HIGHER RECURRENCE RATE FOLLOWING CATHETER ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Mehmet Akkaya, Koji Higuchi, Nazem Akoum, Nathan Burgon, Kavitha Damal, Derek Chang, Eugene Kholmovski, Nassir Marrouche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Twenty one Bahraini medical professionals overturn convictions for anti-government protest
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Twenty one medical professionals in Bahrain have been acquitted after appealing against their convictions for misdemeanours during anti-government protests more than two years ago.

The 21 workers were sentenced in November 2012 to three months in jail or a fine of 200 dinars. They were among a reported 82 medical professionals, most of them Shia, who were arrested after treating injured protesters or expressing sympathy with the protests against Bahrain’s Sunni rulers in …
Alcohol and mortality among young men: longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts
Authors: S. Andreasson, P. Allebeck, A. Romelsjo
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The association between alcohol consumption and 15 year mortality was studied in a cohort of 49 464 Swedish conscripts, mostly aged 18-19. A strong association was found. The relative risk of death among conscripts with a high consumption of alcohol (&gt;250 g/week) was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (2.3 to 4.1) compared with those with moderate consumption (1-100 g/week). After adjustment for social background variables the relative risk was reduced to 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 3.2). Among causes of death a strong predominance was found for violent death, suicide or probable suicide being the leading single cause and accounting for 236 (36%) of all deaths. The reported U shaped curve for total mortality was not confirmed, though when violent deaths were excluded a U shaped curve was suggested for other causes of death. These findings provide important epidemiological data on the drinking habits of young people and the consequences for mortality.
MYH9 spectrum of autosomal‐dominant giant platelet syndromes: Unexpected association with fibulin‐1 variant‐D inactivation
Authors: Amos Toren, Galit Rozenfeld‐Granot, Karen E. Heath, Ninette Amariglio, Bianca Rocca, John Crosson, Charles J. Epstein, Ferdinando Laghi, Raffaele Landolfi, Lena E. Carlsson, Scott Argraves, Nicola Bizzaro, Marva Moxey‐Mims, Frida Brok‐Simoni, John A. Martignetti, Andreas Greinacher, Gideon Rechavi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

The autosomal-dominant giant platelet syndromes (Fechtner, Epstein, and Sebastian platelet syndromes and May-Hegglin anomaly) represent a group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of macrothrombocytopenia with further combinations of neutrophil inclusion bodies and Alport-like syndrome manifestations, namely, deafness, renal disease, and eye abnormalities. The disease-causing gene of these giant platelet syndromes was previously mapped by us to chromosome 22. Following their successful mapping, these syndromes were shown to represent a broad phenotypic spectrum of disorders caused by different mutations in the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9). In this study, we examined the potential role of another gene, fibulin-1, encoding an extracellular matrix protein as a disease modifier. Eight unrelated families with autosomal-dominant giant platelet syndromes were studied for DNA sequence mutations and expression of the four fibulin-1 splice variants (A-D). A mutation in the splice acceptor site of fibulin-1 exon 19 was found in affected individuals of the Israeli Fechtner family, whereas no MYH9 mutations were identified. Unexpectedly, fibulin-1 variant D expression was absent in affected individuals from all eight families and coupled with expression of a putative antisense RNA. Transfection of the putative antisense RNA into H1299 cells abolished variant D expression. Based on the observation that only affected individuals lack variant D expression and demonstrate antisense RNA overexpression, we suggest that these autosomal-dominant giant platelet syndromes are associated, and may be modified, by aberrant antisense gene regulation of the fibulin-1 gene.
Hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to a myeloma‐associated IgG <sub>1</sub> κ paraprotein strongly reactive against the HIV‐1 p24 <i>gag</i> antigen
Authors: David K. Jin, Maja Nowakowski, Martin Kramer, David W. Essex
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to hypergammaglobulinemia is a rare and potentially fatal complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied an HIV-1-positive patient with symptomatic hyperviscosity attributable to IgG1κ multiple myeloma. The patient initially responded to plasmapheresis and was subsequently treated with cytotoxic immunosuppressive chemotherapy. The patient remained asymptomatic during a 3-year follow-up period. The monoclonal IgG1κ gammopathy evolved to a biclonal variant of the same subtype with an expansion of marrow plasma cell population. Western blot analysis demonstrated that this myeloma-associated paraprotein was strongly reactive against the HIV-1 p24 gag antigen. Am. J. Hematol. 64:210–213, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Serum IgG subclass antibodies to a variety of food antigens in patients with coeliac disease.
Authors: M Hvatum, H Scott, P Brandtzaeg
Journal: Gut (1992)

Levels of serum IgA, IgG, and IgG subclass antibodies to a variety of dietary antigens were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays in 14 adults with untreated coeliac disease and in 10 disease controls selected because of raised total IgG activities. The untreated coeliacs showed somewhat higher total IgG activity (p approximately 0.05) and significantly raised IgA and IgG1 + IgG3 activities to gliadin but reduced IgG4 activity (p less than 0.02) compared with the controls. High IgA and IgG1 + IgG3 activities were positively correlated (r = 0.67, p less than 0.01), and so were IgG and IgG4 activities (r = 0.64, p less than 0.02). Conversely, a high IgG2 response to gliadin appeared related to a low IgA response (r = 0.55, p less than 0.05). The IgG2 response was most prominent to oat flour antigens, followed by IgG1; and the main response to soy antigens resided in IgG1, followed by IgG2 in both disease groups. There was no difference in antibody activities to oat and soy between the two groups, and raised activity to bovine serum albumin was seldom encountered. The IgA activity to alpha-lactalbumin and ovalbumin tended to be increased in the coeliacs compared with the controls. The IgG4 subclass dominated the IgG response to beta-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin and was often raised to alpha-lactalbumin, especially in the disease controls. The IgG subclass pattern to casein parallelled that to gliadin with dominance of the IgG1- and IgG3-subclass activities, especially in the coeliacs. The phlogistic potential of a response in these two subclasses might be relevant to the pathogenesis of coeliac disease and could contribute to a raised IgA gliadin response by increasing mucosal permeability. IgA activity seemed to be highest against antigens usually involved in IgE mediated food allergy.
Regarding the Unkind Death of Billie Belle
Authors: Michael K. Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters21 August 2001Regarding the Unkind Death of Billie BelleMichael K. Williams, MDMichael K. Williams, MDBrackenridge Hospital, Austin, TX 78701 (Williams)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-4-200108210-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Rousseau's concerns, published in a previous issue of Annals(1), regarding my negative portrayal of hospice care are valid. I agree that new physicians should view the performance of hospice in the episode I describe as a terrible aberration. In my own experiences, I have witnessed only the most laudable performances. Surely most practitioners who have used this invaluable service have also had overwhelmingly positive experiences. I very much doubt that their overall positive perceptions of hospice will be altered in any significant way by this particular sad episode. Nonetheless, it is my belief that we can always ...References1. Rousseau P. Billie Belle [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:1009. [PMID: 11352706] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brackenridge Hospital, Austin, TX 78701 (Williams) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoBillie Belle's Unkind Death Michael K. Williams Billie Belle Paul Rousseau Regarding the Unkind Death of Billie Belle Susan W. Tolle and Virginia Tilden Metrics 21 August 2001Volume 135, Issue 4Page: 303KeywordsAnalgesiaPerception ePublished: 21 August 2001 Issue Published: 21 August 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Balancing Act: The New Medical Ethics of Medicine's New Economics
Authors: Robert M. Veatch
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The economic pressure on clinical caregivers to be cost-conscious in health care decisions is the greatest new ethical challenge facing physicians today. There have been other volumes written recently on the ethics of health resource allocation (including those by Paul Menzel, Frank Marsh, Daniel Callahan, and Norman Daniels), but none focuses as sharply and effectively on pressures experienced by the practicing clinician at the bedside as Haavi Morreim's<i>Balancing Act</i>. Appearing in Kluwer's unfortunately expensive<i>Clinical Medical Ethics</i>series, Morreim's treatment of the subject carries the analysis to new levels of specificity and sophistication. For example, she offers the first serious, extended discussion of the ethics of physicians "gaming the system" to get what they believe will benefit their patients. She examines and ultimately provides ethical arguments against physicians stretching the truth or telling outright lies on insurance claim forms to get payments for a patient's needs that could not
Residential care for elderly people: a decade of change.
Authors: M C Stern, C Jagger, M Clarke, J Anderson, C McGrother, T Battock, C McDonald
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To determine the changes between 1979 and 1990 in demography and dependency levels in elderly people in residential care.Censuses of those aged 65 years and over in any type of residential care at midnight on 11 December 1979 and 27 November 1990.Leicestershire District Health Authority (population 865,133, 1991 census), coterminous with county and social services boundaries.Age, sex, length of stay, and dependency levels (measured by activities of daily living).In 1990 (1979), 6079 (4678) elderly people were enumerated in 241 (133) establishments, a 30% increase in the numbers of elderly people in residential care and an 82% increase in the number of establishments between 1979 and 1990. Dependency levels rose between 1979 and 1990 in all but the geriatric sector, the greatest increases being found in private residential homes where the largest percentage increase in the number of residents had occurred.Dependency levels in residential care have risen substantially, particularly in the private sector, even beyond levels expected from the greater numbers of elderly people. With the impending move to community care, dependency levels are likely to rise further, and more appropriate staff training and medical input to homes will become necessary.
Epidermal Langerhans cells from normal human skin bind monomeric IgE via Fc epsilon RI.
Authors: B Wang, A Rieger, O Kilgus, K Ochiai, D Maurer, D Födinger, J P Kinet, G Stingl
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Human epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) bearing IgE are found in disease states associated with hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. When studying the mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon, immunohistology revealed that a majority of epidermal LC from normal skin of healthy individuals can specifically bind monomeric IgE. IgE binding to LC could neither be prevented by preincubation of the tissue with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against either Fc epsilon RII/CD23 or Fc gamma RII/CD32, nor by the addition of lactose. However, binding could be entirely abrogated by preincubation with the anti-Fc epsilon RI alpha mAb 15-1, which interferes with IgE binding to Fc epsilon RI alpha gamma transfectants. These observations indicated that IgE binding to epidermal LC is mediated by Fc epsilon RI rather than by CD23, CD32, or the D-galactose-specific IgE-binding protein. This assumption gained support from our additional findings that: (a) the majority of LC exhibited distinct surface immunolabeling with the anti-Fc epsilon RI alpha mAbs 15-1 and 19-1, but not with any of eight different anti-Fc epsilon RII/CD23 mAbs; and (b) transcripts for the alpha, beta, and gamma chains of Fc epsilon RI could be amplified by polymerase chain reaction from RNA preparations of LC-enriched, but not of LC-depleted, epidermal cell suspensions. In view of the preeminent role of Fc epsilon RI crosslinking on mast cells and basophils in triggering the synthesis and release of mediators of allergic reactions, the demonstration of this receptor on epidermal LC may have important implications for our understanding of allergic reactions after epicutaneous contact with allergens.
Hospital training for general practice: views of trainees in the North Western region.
Authors: H. Reeve, A. Bowman
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Vocational trainees in the North Western region who were in their general practice year completed a questionnaire concerning the hospital component of their training. Replies were received from 125 trainees, providing information about 451 hospital posts. In a total of 372 posts (85%) less than two hours of formal teaching a week was provided. Trainees stated that they received no informal teaching in nearly one third of posts. The orientation of teaching towards general practice was reported as greatest in the posts that were not part of a vocational training scheme. Study leave was applied for by doctors in only 163 (37%) posts, usually to prepare for or to sit an examination. There seem to be serious educational deficiencies in hospital posts that are used to train both general practitioners and other specialists. Improvements in both the quantity and quality of in service teaching are therefore needed urgently.
Poisoning Due to Belladonna Plasters
Authors: S. R. Sims
Journal: BMJ (1954)

JouBsuRn 1531 of his symptoms.Three days later he was referred to the dermatologist, Dr. J. Savage, who sent him to the department of venereology, as he deemed it wise to exclude specific disease first.On examination a sharply circumscribed tender non- indurated squamous erythematous eruption i in.by + in.(1.9 by 1.3 cm.) was present on the left side of the glans penis.A similar eruption was present on the scrotum and on the left side of the neck.Sharply demarcated circular, I-1G.1.-Suiphonan1de eruption on the pems and scrolum.slightly tender, superficial ulcers I in.(3 mm.) in diameter were present on the dorsum of the tongue.There was no
A Lecture on Myopathy and a Distal Form: Delivered at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic
Authors: W. R. Gowers
Journal: BMJ (1902)

Physician to the Hlospital.IN the last lecture I gave here, I considered the various maladies that depend on defective vitality, on the imperfect vital endurance of the tissues which causes their nutrition to fail, generally early in life, sometimes later.I suggested that this decay, which results from defect of life, might be called "abiotrophy," and the word has been welcomed as con- venient and useful.I illustrated the condition, as some of