tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Process of Care and Outcomes for Elderly Patients Hospitalized With Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Jane Brock, Angela Sauaia, Dennis Ahnen, William Marine, William Schluter, Beth R. Stevens, Jeanne D. Scinto, Herbert Karp, Dale Bratzler
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Since publication in 1994 of guidelines for management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), trends in physician practice and outcomes related to guideline application have not been evaluated.To describe changes in process of care that occurred in a quality improvement program for patients hospitalized with PUD and to evaluate associations between in-hospital treatment of PUD and 1-year rehospitalization for PUD and mortality in a subset of these patients.Cohort study of 4292 sequential Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized at acute care hospitals with a principal diagnosis of PUD in 5 states (Colorado, Georgia, Connecticut, Oklahoma, and Virginia) in 1995 (baseline) and 1997 (remeasurement); outcomes were evaluated for 752 patients in Colorado.Changes in rates of screening for Helicobacter pylori infection, treatment for H pylori infection, screening for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, counseling about NSAID use; outcomes included rehospitalization for PUD and all-cause mortality within 1 year of discharge in Colorado.Screening for H pylori infection increased significantly (12%-19% increase; P<.001) in each of the 5 states. Treatment of H pylori infection increased in each state and was significantly increased for the entire group of hospitalizations examined (8% increase overall; P =.001). Despite increased screening, detection of H pylori infection was less frequent than expected in every state, (13%-24%) and did not increase in any state. Screening for and counseling about NSAIDs did not significantly increase overall or in any state. In the Colorado cohort, the proportion of patients rehospitalized was unchanged in 1995 (8.9%) and 1997 (6.8%), and 124 patients (16%) in the combined 1995 and 1997 cohorts died within 1 year. Treatment for H pylori was not associated with a reduction in rehospitalization within 1 year (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-2.36) or with a reduction in mortality (adjusted OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.68-1.71). Counseling about NSAID use was associated with a decrease in risk of 1-year rehospitalization for PUD (adjusted OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.22-0.99) and risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26-0.75).This quality improvement program for elderly patients with PUD resulted in increased screening for H pylori and increased treatment of H pylori infection but no change in counseling about NSAID use. However, with the low prevalence of H pylori detected, treatment of H pylori infection was not associated with a reduction in repeat hospitalization for PUD or subsequent mortality, whereas counseling about the risks of using NSAIDs was associated with a reduction in the risk of both outcomes.
Congenital Bronchoesophageal Fistula in the Adult
Authors: Winston Chu
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ESOPHAGEAL - RESPIRATORY tract fistula with esophageal atresia in the infant usually necessitates immediate diagnostic and therapeutic action. Fistulas without atresia often have an insidious clinical course that occasionally persists into adult life. This uncommon cause of chronic pulmonary sepsis needs reemphasis. A recent case prompts this report and an updated review of the literature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 58-year-old man was admitted to Philadelphia General Hospital in August 1975, with complaints of anorexia, night-sweats without fever, cough, hemoptysis, and weakness in both lower extremities. His past history included chronic alcoholism and a presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis based on positive PPD tuberculin test results and an abnormal infiltrate in the right middle lobe. Sputum cultures were negative for acid-fast bacilli. In 1972, he was treated for three months with isoniazid but subsequently failed to return for followup examination. He also told of numerous unsubstantiated episodes of pneumonia many years
ALK-gene rearrangement: a comparative analysis on circulating tumour cells and tumour tissue from patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: M. Ilie, E. Long, C. Butori, V. Hofman, C. Coelle, V. Mauro, K. Zahaf, C.H. Marquette, J. Mouroux, P. Paterlini-Bréchot, P. Hofman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Health crisis in Zimbabwe is "man-made" and needs intervention from all UN states, report says
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The collapse of Zimbabwe’s formerly world class healthcare system is a “man-made disaster,” says an emergency report from the US based charity Physicians for Human Rights. It says that life expectancy at birth in the country has plummeted over the past 20 years, from 60 to 36, and it warns that the situation continues to deteriorate, as the country no longer has any functioning public hospitals.

In the report’s preface Mary Robinson, former UN human rights commissioner, Richard Goldstone, former UN chief prosecutor for Rwanda and Yugoslavia, and Archbishop Desmond Tutu say: “The Mugabe regime has used any means at its disposal, including politicizing the health …
Measurement of Red Blood Cell Life-Span
Authors: Robert P. Brouillard
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The life-span of the red blood cell (RBC) is difficult to estimate clinically, as hemolysis may exist in the presence of normal levels of hemoglobin and bilirubin, as well as normal reticulocyte counts. Clinically useful methods for quantification of the RBC life-span include isotope methods and measurement of endogenous carbon monoxide production. Chromium 51 is the isotope most widely used but has the disadvantage of requiring blood sampling for 30 days. Measurement of endogenous carbon monoxide production has the advantage of sensitivity to low-grade hemolysis and requires only three hours of the patient's time. It is potentially useful for demonstrating changing levels of hemolysis related to drug therapy or autoimmune states. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1304-1305, 1974)
Abstract 4739: Nutrient depletion caused by PKR induces phosphorylation of AMPK in lung cancer
Authors: Apar Pataer, Chengcheng Guo, Ruping Shao, Arlene M. Correa, Carmen Behrens, Bingliang Fang, Jack A. Roth, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Stephen G. Swisher
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We have demonstrated that RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and its downstream protein p-eIF2α are independent prognostic markers for survival in lung cancer. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate PKR's specific role in lung cancer. We examined PKR and p-PKR protein expression in 60 frozen primary lung tumor tissues by Western blot analysis and analyzed the association between PKR/p-PKR expression and expression of 139 proteins examined previously by reverse phase protein array in tissue samples from the same 60 patients. We demonstrated several biomarkers that were either positively (p-AMPK) or negatively (IRS1, p-IGF1R, MRE11, ATRIP, telomerase, CHK1, and cyclin E1) correlated with PKR and p-PKR. We confirmed that induction of PKR or p-PKR with expression vectors in lung cancer cells caused phospholation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein; phospholation was independent of the LKB1, CaMKKβ, and TAK1 pathways. We observed that AMPK phosphorylation was caused by the elevated levels of AMP and decreased levels of ATP resulting from PKR-mediated nutrient depletion. Inhibition of AMPK expression by compound C or siRNA enhanced PKR-mediated cell death. We next investigated the combination of PKR and p-AMPK expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients; we observed that high expression of p-AMPK predicted worse prognosis in patients with high PKR expression but better prognosis in patients with low PKR expression. The p-AMPK may be required for cancer cell survival in patients with high PKR expression and may inhibit cancer cell growth in patients with low PKR expression. In summary, our data indicate that PKR-mediated nutrient depletion induces phosphorylation of AMPK, which is required for lung cancer cell survival. Citation Format: Apar Pataer, Chengcheng Guo, Ruping Shao, Arlene M. Correa, Carmen Behrens, Bingliang Fang, Jack A. Roth, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Stephen G. Swisher. Nutrient depletion caused by PKR induces phosphorylation of AMPK in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4739. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4739
On Points of Affinity between Rheumatoid Arthritis, Locomotor Ataxy, and Exophthalmic Goitre
Authors: J. K. Spender
Journal: BMJ (1891)

position in the asylum.He was cleanly in his habits, fed himself, and never sought to converse witlh any one, but would answer questionis reasonably enough.Ile never read any- thing.Sometimes he would talk away, apparenltly to no one in particular.In general he was in good humour, but he was easily teased, irritated, and excited.He had been a stone- breaker before becominig insane, and still continued to work at this, in wvhielh lhe was very skilful.Now and then, sud- denly throwing down his lhammer, he would fly with hlis fist at some imaginarv personi, after wvlich lie would return to his work.HIe hal thie use of all his muscles.This went on for year's withoutXvariation.His general health was good, but a progressive demientia wvas observed.After lhaving beenl twenty-one years in the asylum, lie was found one day lying uponl lhis stoin heap.T'lie left arm and leg were found to be paralysed.Tlie speech was affected, but there was no aphasia.After a week he died.The viscera of ithe thorax anid abdomeni were foundl healtlhy.On removing the skull cap the saw p)enetrated inlto a cavity.The right lhemisplhere was founcd softened down to the lateral ventricle, and quite disintegrated, the cavity occupied by a grumous fluid.Dr.
C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS AND PROGRESSION OF ATRIAL FIBROSIS DETECTED BY DE-MRI IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Christian Mahnkopf, Nathan Burgon, Alexander Au, Nazem Akoum, Thomas Haslam, Gaston Vergara, Eugene Kholmovski, Rob MacLeod, Nassir Marrouche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on systemic haemodynamics and cardiac function in normal man
Authors: M. J ALLEN, S. M GILMOUR, M. SINGER, E D. BENNETT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) reduce blood pressure. Animal experiments suggest that this depressor action results from a reduction in cardiac output rather than peripheral vascular resistance but it is unresolved whether this is wholly due to their effect of reducing left ventricular filling or whether they have a negatively inotropic effect. We have therefore investigated the effects of ANP in normal man using Doppler measurements of ascending aortic blood flow. Six normal volunteers underwent infusions of placebo and incremental doses of ANP in the range 0.25 to 12 micrograms.min-1. Each infusion was given for 15 min and measurements made both in the supine and erect positions (passive tilt). In both positions ANP had dose dependent effects of increasing heart rate (HR) and maximal acceleration whilst lowering an index of systemic vascular resistance (ISVR). In the erect position ANP also lowered systolic blood pressure. In the 30 min after completion of the infusions there were significant decreases in peak velocity and cardiac output with increases in ISVR in both positions, but HR fell and diastolic pressure increased only when supine. During the course of the experiment mean haematocrit (SEM) increased from 43.9 (1.2) to 46.7 (1.0), indicating a mean reduction in plasma volume of 10.5%. This occurred despite a negative fluid balance of only 31(7) ml over the 2 h. These data suggest that ANP is not negatively inotropic and that, at pharmacological doses, it is an arteriolar dilator of rapid offset and reduces cardiac filling pressures by a mechanism of slower offset.
The Treatment of Clostridium difficile Colitis-Reply
Authors: Bruce F. Farber
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We completely agree with the comments of Drs Caputo and Weitekamp. Oral metronidazole and vancomycin have equal efficacy in the treatment of mild to moderate<i>C difficile</i>colitis. The relative efficacy of each agent in patients with severe disease warrants further investigation.
Infliximab, as sole or combined therapy, induces rapid clearing of erythrodermic psoriasis
Authors: M.D.F. Takahashi, L.G.M. Castro, R. Romiti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Infliximab, as sole or combined therapy, induces rapid clearing of erythrodermic psoriasis Get access M.D.F. Takahashi, M.D.F. Takahashi Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01239‐040, Brazil E‐mail: lgmc@dermaclinica.com.br; guiga@dermaclinica.com.br Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.G.M. Castro, L.G.M. Castro Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01239‐040, Brazil E‐mail: lgmc@dermaclinica.com.br; guiga@dermaclinica.com.br Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Romiti R. Romiti Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01239‐040, Brazil E‐mail: lgmc@dermaclinica.com.br; guiga@dermaclinica.com.br Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 4, 1 October 2007, Pages 828–831, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08111.x Published: 01 October 2007
710-5 Progressive Deterioration in Late (2-Year) Clinical Outcomes After Stent Implantation in Saphenous Vein Grafts: The Multicenter JJIS Experience
Authors: Michael H. Sketch, S. Wong, Ya Chien Chiu Chuang, Harry R. Phillips, Richard Heuser, Michael Savage, Richard S. Stack, Donald S. Baim, Richard A. Schatz, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Convulsions in the older infant.
Authors: R W Newton
Journal: BMJ (1990)

the communities integrate.In the mean time it is clear that we should direct our attention towards ensuring that those women at increased risk of fetal malformations are offered preconceptual advice and, in the case of neural tube defects, perhaps periconceptual vitamin supplementation.'They should also be encouraged to book early for antenatal care so that the relevant screening tests are available to them should they wish.
Doctors prescribe more drugs recommended by NICE than predicted
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The influence of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) across the NHS is widespread with seven out of 12 drugs appraised by the agency being used at higher rates than previously forecast, a study from the NHS Information Centre has found.

According to Joe Collier, former adviser to the Commons Health Select Committee’s 2006 report on the role of NICE the findings are welcome.

“The Health Select Committee report recommended that NICE do more to extend their influence and these figures show for the first time that they have done that. This is an attractive change,” he said.

Out of a range of drugs covering 13 NICE technology appraisals the report showed that …
21 NON INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF STEATOSIS USING CAP BY FIBROSCAN®. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: V. de Ledinghen, B. Le Bail, J. Vergniol, J. Foucher, W. Merrouche, C. Fournier, L. Sandrin, V. Miette, M. Sasso
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ2 gene with small dense low-density lipoprotein in the general population
Authors: Taku Hamada, Kazuhiko Kotani, Kokoro Tsuzaki, Yoshiko Sano, Takashi Murata, Masahiko Tabata, Shigeaki Sato, Naoki Sakane
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Exit Ramps for Career Choices
Authors: DAVID WOODLEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Correction1 July 1979Exit Ramps for Career ChoicesDAVID WOODLEY, M.D.DAVID WOODLEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-1-135_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1978 many articles in the medical literature were concerned with medical manpower and the concordant questions about residency training programs (1-4), the kind of specialists we should train (2, 3), and our national health care needs (2-5). The issues within this hotly debated area do not seem particularly clear, because the problems have often been addressed politically rather than scientifically (5).Interestingly the recent professional concern about medical manpower has been paralleled by a trend to abbreviate the medical training period by phasing out the rotating internship and the compulsory medical experience gained in military service....References1. ROSINSKI E. Residency programs: sizes, types, and effects. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:718. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. PERKOFF G. General internal medicine, family practice, or something better? N Engl J Med. 1978;299:654-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SCHEFFLER R, WEISFELD N, RUBY G, and ESTES E. A manpower policy for primary health care. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1058-62. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. COLWILL J. Primary-care education in multiple specialties: dilemmas and opportunities. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:657-60. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. THIER S and BERLINER R. Manpower policy: base it on facts, not opinions. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:1305-1307. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID WOODLEY, M.D.Affiliations: Fondation A. de Rothschild 29, rue Manin; 75019, Paris France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1979Volume 91, Issue 1Page: 135-136KeywordsArmed forcesHealth careResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preservation of the Third Heart Sound in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: William H. Gamble, P. S. Reddy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

For a century the early diastolic sound — called the third heart sound (S3) or ventricular diastolic gallop — has been attributed to left ventricular vibrations caused by rapid ventricular filling in early diastole.1 2 3 It has therefore been generally assumed that an S3 cannot occur in hemodynamically important mitral stenosis, in which rapid filling is impeded by a narrow mitral orifice. Whenever an S3 is found in mitral stenosis, either it is thought that the stenosis is too mild to prevent rapid ventricular filling or the sound is attributed to coexistent valvular regurgitation or right ventricular failure.4 5 6 7 However, no adequate . . .
Deficiency of protein 4.2 in erythrocytes from a patient with a Coombs negative hemolytic anemia. Evidence for a role of protein 4.2 in stabilizing ankyrin on the membrane.
Authors: A C Rybicki, R Heath, J L Wolf, B Lubin, R S Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

A patient with a mild hemolytic anemia and osmotically fragile, spherocytic erythrocytes was studied. Analysis of the erythrocyte membrane proteins by SDS-PAGE revealed a deficiency of protein 4.2 (less than 0.10% of normal). The protein 4.2-deficient erythrocytes contained normal amounts of all other membrane proteins, although the amount of band 3 was slightly reduced and the amount of band 6 (G3PD) was slightly elevated. The spectrin content of these cells was normal, as measured by both SDS-PAGE and radioimmunoassay. Erythrocytes from the patient's biologic parents were hematologically normal and contained normal amounts of protein 4.2. Immunological analysis using affinity purified antibodies revealed that the patient's protein 4.2 was composed of equal amounts of a 74-kD and 72-kD protein doublet, whereas the normal protein was composed primarily of a 72-kD monomer. Proteolytic digestion studies using trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin and papain demonstrated that the patient's protein 4.2 was similar but not identical to the normal protein. Binding studies showed that the protein 4.2-deficient membranes bound purified protein 4.2 to the same extent as normal membranes, suggesting that the membrane binding site(s) for the protein were normal. Depleting the protein 4.2-deficient membranes of spectrin and actin resulted in a loss of nearly two-thirds of the membrane ankyrin, whereas similar depletion of normal membranes resulted in no loss of ankyrin. Repletion of the protein 4.2-deficient membranes with purified protein 4.2 before spectrin-actin extraction partially prevented the loss of ankyrin. These results suggest that protein 4.2 may function to stabilize ankyrin on the erythrocyte membrane.
144 INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR AND EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR TREATMENT: NEW APPROACHES TO PROTECTING STEATOTIC LIVERS AGAINST ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY
Authors: M.A. Zaouali, A. Casillas-Ramirez, S. Padrissa-Altés, I. ben Mosbah, I. Alfany-Fernández, A. Rimola, J. Rodés, J. Roselló-Catafau, C. Peralta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Points: Ingestion of button batteries
Authors: D. J Watson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

August, p 395) make an important point which deserves highlighting.Fracture dislocation of the cervical spine complicating near drowning is a rare event in Britain but is seen more commonly in Australia, where body surfing is a popular sport.The advice given to rescuers in Britain is that any unconscious patient found in standing depth water should be handled as though he or she had suffered fracture dislocation of the neck.It is possible on occasions to ventilate adequately without extending the neck, but if this is not the case then the rescuer has no alternative but to tilt the head back.
INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH AFTER HOSPITALIZATION FOR NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE TRACER TRIAL
Authors: Paul L. Hess, Pierluigi Tricoci, John Horton, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Sana M. Al-Khatib, Jonathan Piccini, Robert Harrington, Paul Armstrong, Philip Aylward, David Moliterno, Frans Van de Werf, Lars Wallentin, Harvey White, Claes Held, Kenneth Mahaffey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)