tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopy in the diagnosis of chondromalacia patellae.
Authors: I J Leslie, G Bentley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Chondromalacia patellae is difficult to diagnosis clinically with accuracy. In order to clarify the relevant symptoms and signs, 78 patients presenting with a clinical diagnosis of chondromalacia were examined by arthroscopy. In 49% of the knees no abnormalities were found. Presenting symptoms were similar in the normal and abnormal groups. Physical signs were more helpful in diagnosis and it is considered that the presence of an effusion, quadriceps wasting, and patello-femoral crepitus are the most important clinical findings in the diagnosis of chondromalacia patellae. The arthroscope is valuable instrument in establishing the diagnosis of chondromalacia patellae especially in the teenage female.
Peptidase modulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide pulmonary relaxation in tracheal superfused guinea pig lungs.
Authors: C M Lilly, M A Martins, J M Drazen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The effects of enzyme inhibitors on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced decreases in airway opening pressure (PaO) and VIP-like immunoreactivity (VIP-LI) recovery were studied in isolated tracheal superfused guinea pig lungs. In the absence of inhibitors, VIP 0.38 (95% CI 0.33-0.54) nmol/kg animal, resulted in a 50% decrease in PaO and 33% of a 1 nmol/kg VIP dose was recovered as intact VIP. In the presence of two combinations of enzyme inhibitors, SCH 32615 (S, 10 microM) and aprotinin (A, 500 tyrpsin inhibitor units [TIU]/kg) or S and soybean trypsin inhibitor (T, 500 TIU/kg), VIP caused a significantly greater decrease in PaO and greater quantities of VIP were recovered from lung effluent (both P < 0.001). The addition of captopril, (3 microM), leupeptin (4 microM), or bestatin (1 microM) failed to further increase pulmonary relaxation or recovery of VIP-LI. When given singly, A, T, and S did not augment the effects or recovery of VIP. The efficacy of S (a specific inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase [NEP]) and A and T (serine protease inhibitors) thus implicated NEP and at least one serine protease as primary modulators of VIP activity in the guinea pig lung. We sought to corroborate this finding by characterizing the predominant amino acid sites at which VIP is hydrolized in the lung. When [mono(125I)iodo-Tyr10]VIP was offered to the lung, in the presence and absence of the active inhibitors, cleavage products consistent with activity by NEP and a tryptic enzyme were recovered. These data demonstrate that NEP and a peptidase with an inhibitor profile and cleavage pattern compatible with a tryptic enzyme inactivate VIP in a physiologically competitive manner.
pH-triggered injectable hydrogels prepared from aqueous N-palmitoyl chitosan: In vitro characteristics and in vivo biocompatibility
Authors: Ya-Ling Chiu, Sung-Ching Chen, Chun-Jen Su, Chun-Wen Hsiao, Yu-Ming Chen, Hsin-Lung Chen, Hsing-Wen Sung
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Carmine (E-120)–induced occupational asthma revisited
Authors: Ana I. Tabar-Purroy, María J. Alvarez-Puebla, Sara Acero-Sainz, Blanca E. García-Figueroa, Susana Echechipía-Madoz, Jose M. Olaguibel-Rivera, Santiago Quirce-Gancedo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
European Ombudsman ramps up action against European Medicines Agency over data transparency plans
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The European Ombudsman has toughened her stance on the European Medicines Agency (EMA), after the agency failed to provide satisfactory answers on how it planned to ensure transparency about clinical trial reports.

The ombudsman, Emily O’Reilly, told the EMA that she was “disappointed” by its approach and would now ask the European Commission formally for its view. The EMA needs the commission’s agreement before its policy can be adopted.

O’Reilly also planned to consult “concerned members of the European parliament” and has launched an investigation into how the EMA handles requests for access to clinical trial reports about the approval of the drug Humira. Humira is produced by AbbVie, which took legal action against the EMA last year to prevent access to documents related to its products.1

O’Reilly first …
Randomized Study of Adding Inhaled Iloprost to Existing Bosentan in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Ronald J. Oudiz, Adaani Frost, Victor F. Tapson, Srinivas Murali, Richard N. Channick, David B. Badesch, Robyn J. Barst, Henry H. Hsu, Lewis J. Rubin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Small, open-label studies suggest that combinations of existing therapies may be effective for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).To evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding inhaled iloprost, a prostacyclin analog, to the endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with PAH.In a randomized, multicenter, double-blind trial, inhaled iloprost (5 mug) or placebo was added to stable monotherapy with bosentan for 12 wk. Efficacy endpoints included change from baseline in 6-min-walk distance (6-MWD), modified New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, hemodynamic parameters, and time to clinical worsening.A total of 67 patients with PAH (55% idiopathic PAH, 45% associated PAH, 94% NYHA class III, and mean baseline 6-MWD of 335 m) were randomized. At Week 12, patients receiving iloprost had a mean increase in 6-MWD of 30 m (p = 0.001); placebo patients had a mean 6-MWD increase of 4 m (p = 0.69), with a placebo-adjusted difference of +26 m (p = 0.051). NYHA status improved by one class in 34% of iloprost versus 6% of placebo patients (p = 0.002). Iloprost delayed the time to clinical worsening (p = 0.0219). Improvements were noted in postinhalation placebo-adjusted change in mean pulmonary artery pressure (-8 mm Hg; p < 0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance (-254 dyn x s x cm(-5); p < 0.001). Combination therapy was well tolerated.Within the limitations of a relatively small sample size, results of this study demonstrate that the addition of inhaled iloprost in patients with PAH with reduced exercise capacity on bosentan monotherapy is safe and efficacious.
The Return of the Doctor
Authors: H. S. Souttar
Journal: BMJ (1945)

I am confident that I shall meet with general support if I say that the most important problem facing our profession at the present time is the return of medical men from the Forces.It presents two aspects-their release from the Forces and their establishment in practice-and as both these aspeots have engaged the attention of the Association for many months I felt that they would form an appropriate subject for a short presidential address.Both aspects involve problems of the greatest complexity to which I can refer only in the briefest outline, but I hope to be able to convince you that these prob- lems are being attacked with the whole power of the Association and that with the good will of all of us they will be solved.
Colonic capacitance and transit in man: modulation by luminal contents and drugs.
Authors: P S Kamath, S F Phillips, M K O'Connor, M L Brown, A R Zinsmeister
Journal: Gut (1990)

We have examined whether the human colon is able to adapt its capacity to receive fluid, specifically, whether the caecum and ascending colon (9right colon9) exhibited any reservoir function. Healthy volunteers had the caecum intubated from above with a device that permitted intraluminal pressures to be recorded while fluids were instilled into the caecum. Perfusates contained 99mTc-DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) and volumes of the right colon were determined by two plane scintigraphy using gamma cameras. Different individuals received caecal infusions of 154 mM NaC1 (saline), an emulsion of oleic acid (with bile acids and lecithin) or a 100 mM solution of mixed short chain fatty acids. Each person was pretreated by intravenous saline (placebo), morphine sulphate (100 micrograms/kg) or naloxone (5.5 mg as a bolus, followed by 10 micrograms/kg/min). Volumes of the right colon were smallest during oleic acid infusion; morphine reversed the effect of luminal fat and allowed the colon to accommodate larger volumes. Transit from the right colon was more rapid for the emulsion of oleic acid than it was for saline or solutions of mixed short chain fatty acids. We conclude that the right colon may act as a reservoir and that this function can be modified by the nature of the contents and by pharmacological agents.
TCT-511 High Level of Pre-procedural High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Predicts Stent Thrombosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hae Chang Jeong, Youngkeun Ahn, Jae Yeong Cho, Sang Cheol Cho, Su Young Jang, Ji Eun Song, Jong Hyun Yoo, Young Joon Hong, Ju Han Kim, Myung Ho Jeong, Shung Chull Chae, Jei Keon Chae, Myeong Chan Cho, Young Jo Kim, Chong Jin Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Decorin suppresses tumor cell growth by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor.
Authors: D K Moscatello, M Santra, D M Mann, D J McQuillan, A J Wong, R V Iozzo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, is capable of suppressing the growth of various tumor cell lines when expressed ectopically. In this report, we investigated the biochemical mechanism by which decorin inhibits cell cycle progression. In A431 squamous carcinoma cells, decorin proteoglycan or protein core induced a marked growth suppression, when either exogenously added or endogenously produced by a transgene. Decorin caused rapid phosphorylation of the EGF receptor and a concurrent activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signal pathway. This led to a protracted induction of endogenous p21, a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, and ultimate cell cycle arrest. Biglycan, a related proteoglycan, had no effect. Moreover, decorin activated the EGF receptor/MAP kinase/ p21 axis in cell lines of various histogenetic backgrounds. These results provide the first evidence that EGF and decorin converge functionally to regulate the cell cycle through activation of a common pathway which ultimately leads to growth suppression.
Tobacco Intervention Training
Authors: John G. Spangler, Geeta George, Kristie Long Foley, Sonia J. Crandall
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Research has documented that US medical schools inadequately teach tobacco intervention skills.To examine effective training methods for tobacco intervention in undergraduate medical education.Using indexing terms related to tobacco intervention and medical education, we searched MEDLINE (1966-June 2002) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through issue 2, 2002). Reference lists of relevant articles were also read to identify additional articles. Because of their importance to tobacco intervention, we also reviewed Ockene and colleagues' tobacco education research and the tobacco treatment guidelines of the United States Public Health Service and the United States Preventive Services Task Force.All study designs that incorporated process or outcome evaluation of tobacco intervention educational methods for medical students were included in this review. Of an initial 1241 articles retrieved, 82 included medical students. Reviewing abstracts and references of these articles identified 13 pertinent studies.Quality criteria for inclusion consisted of explicit evaluation of the educational methods used. Data extraction identified all evaluations and any problems in program implementation.Enhanced instructional methods (eg, the use of patient-centered counseling, standardized patient instructors, role playing, or a combination of these) are more effective for teaching tobacco intervention than are traditional didactic methods alone and can be effectively inserted into medical school curricula.Various educational methods have been used to train medical students in tobacco intervention. Nonetheless, gaps still exist within undergraduate medical education, including a lack of integration of tobacco dependence information throughout all 4 years of medical school curricula, specific training in smokeless tobacco intervention, tobacco intervention training that addresses cultural issues, and long-term studies showing that such training is retained.
Controlled growth factor delivery induces differential neurite outgrowth in three-dimensional cell cultures
Authors: Christine E. Beaty, W.Mark Saltzman
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1993)

Long-term, localized delivery of growth factors may help regenerate lost structure and function in diseased or traumatized tissues. In previous reports, we have described techniques for releasing precisely controlled quantities of mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) from a poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) matrix. To further study the dynamics and bioactivity of NGF released from a polymer matrix, we cultured PC 12 cells within hydrated gels of type I collagen and embedded a polymer matrix containing NGF in one end of the gel. Spatial variations in neurite outgrowth and NGF concentration were determined for 2 weeks. For comparison, the rate of NGF release from the polymer matrix into buffered saline was also determined. NGF released from a biocompatible polymer matrix induced neurite outgrowth in cells cultured within a three-dimensional gel of collagen. NGF was transported through the collagen gel by diffusion through the gel and convection due to fluid movement into the overlying, well-mixed fluid layer. The extent of neurite outgrowth from the cell clumps at any position in the gel depended on both the time following polymer insertion and distance from the polymer. Neurite outgrowth was most dense within the 15-mm region nearest the polymer, although biologically active NGF did penetrate as far as 38 mm. These techniques may be useful in evaluating the role of controlled release polymers in growth factor delivery to tissues. In addition, this experimental system can be used to quantify the response of tissue-derived cells to well-defined gradients of biologically active factors.
Effects of enzyme induction on metabolism of prednisolone. Clinical and laboratory study.
Authors: P M Brooks, W W Buchanan, M Grove, W W Downie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

The addition of phenobarbitone in therapeutic dosage to the drug regimen of prednisolone-treated subjects with rheumatoid arthritis produced measurable deterioration in the clinical status of the patients associated with a more rapid clearance of prednisolone from plasma. It is considered that phenobarbitone induced the hepatic metabolism of prednisolone, effectively reducing the steady state plasma level and resulting in clinical relapse. A slight but significant improvement in the adrenocortical response to tetracosactrin (Synacthen) was noted after phenobarbitone therapy.
Genome-wide association study identifies common variants in SLC39A6 associated with length of survival in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Wu, Dong Li, Weihua Jia, Zhibin Hu, Yifeng Zhou, Dianke Yu, Tong Tong, Mingrong Wang, Dongmei Lin, Yan Qiao, Yuling Zhou, Jiang Chang, Kan Zhai, Menghan Wang, Lixuan Wei, Wen Tan, Hongbing Shen, Yixin Zeng, Dongxin Lin
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Amino-acid substitution in α-spectrin commonly coinherited with nondominant hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: William T. Tse, Patrick G. Gallagher, Patricia B. Jenkins, Yongping Wang, Lori Benoit, David Speicher, John C. Winkelmann, Peter Agre, Bernard G. Forget, Sally L. Marchesi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Nondominant hereditary spherocytosis (ndHS) is a disorder characterized in some patients by severe hemolytic anemia and marked deficiency of erythrocyte spectrin. This report describes the identification of a variant spectrin chain, alpha-spectrin Bughill or alpha(BH), that is associated with this disorder in a number of patients. Tryptic maps of spectrin from affected individuals revealed an acidic shift in isoelectric point of the alphaII domain peptides at 46 kD and 35 kD. A point mutation at codon 970 of the alpha-spectrin gene (GCT-->GAT), that changes the encoded amino acid from an alanine to an aspartic acid, was identified in genomic DNA of affected patients. The alpha(BH) variant was present in 8 patients with ndHS from five different kindreds but was absent in 4 patients from two other kindreds. The 8 ndHS patients with the alpha(BH) variant appeared to be homozygous for the alpha(BH) variant by analysis of peptide maps of limited tryptic digests of erythrocyte spectrin. However, following genomic DNA analysis, only 2 of these patients were true homozygotes, whereas 6 were found to be doubly heterozygous for the alpha(BH) allele and a second, presumably abnormal, alpha-spectrin gene. These results suggest that, in these 6 patients, the second alpha-spectrin allele is in fact associated with one or more genetic defect(s), causing decreased accumulation of alpha-spectrin. The pattern of transmission of the alpha(BH) allele in certain families suggests that the alpha(BH) amino-acid substitution is not itself responsible for ndHS but is more likely a polymorphic variant that, in some but not all cases, is in linkage disequilibrium with another uncharacterized alpha-spectrin gene defect that itself is a cause of ndHS.
Cocaine in herbal tea
Authors: R. K. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> South Americans have been drinking coca leaf tea for hundreds of years with no ill effects and some medical benefit. Since December 1983, coca leaf tea has been imported into the United States and sold in grocery and health food stores and through mail order. The tea, packaged in Peru and exported by the National Enterprise of Coca (an agency of the Peruvian Government), is sold as "Health Inca Tea" (HIT) and its ingredients are listed as "decocainized coca leaves." "Mate de Coca" is also available but the Spanish labels do not list ingredients. Both teas are promoted as natural stimulants without caffeine, and advertisements promise that "just one cup leaves you feeling up." Total sales have been estimated at 1.5 million tea bags, and at least one cocaine treatment center supplies patients with the tea as a diuretic and cocaine substitute. The patients report that the
TCT-366 Thrombus Downstream From Plaque Rupture Site in Acute Myocardial Infarction Identified On Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Hyon-he Garza, Elisa McDaniel, Huu Tam Truong, Tam Nguyen, Amani Morgan Mikail, Hoang Thai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Host Cell Polarity Proteins Participate in Innate Immunity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection
Authors: Cindy S. Tran, Yoni Eran, Travis R. Ruch, David M. Bryant, Anirban Datta, Paul Brakeman, Arlinet Kierbel, Torsten Wittmann, Ross J. Metzger, Keith E. Mostov, Joanne N. Engel
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2014)
Detection of basophil-activating IgG autoantibodies in chronic idiopathic urticaria by induction of CD63
Authors: Ann De Swerdt, Caroline Van Den Keybus, Ahmad Kasran, Pascal Cadot, Karen Neyens, Lieve Coorevits, Anne-Marie Kochuyt, Hugo Degreef, Jan L. Ceuppens
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
A Bitter Tale
Authors: Lori S. Newman, Mark W. Feinberg, Howard E. LeWine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A 53-year-old woman presented to an outpatient urgent care clinic with persistent nausea and vomiting. On the previous evening, she had an acute onset of nausea that was followed by vomiting and light-headedness. The patient also reported mild discomfort in the chest and abdomen.
Clinical Experience with Dextro-Alprenolol
Authors: J. K. Vohra, P. L. Thompson, J. G. Sloman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Experience with dextro-alprenolol in nine patients has shown that it is relatively ineffective in treating arrhythmias associated with acute myocardial infarction. Marginal effectiveness in the control of ventricular ectopic beats after myocardial infarction is outweighed by an appreciable hypotensive effect with risk of infarction. The drug was ineffective in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias.
Late-term Abortion
Authors: Janet E. Gans Epner
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Recent proposed federal legislation banning certain abortion procedures, particularly intact dilatation and extraction, would modify the US Criminal Code such that physicians performing these procedures would be liable for monetary and statutory damages. Clarification of medical procedures is important because some of the procedures used to induce abortion prior to viability are identical or similar to postviability procedures. This article reviews the scientific and medical information on late-term abortion and late-term abortion techniques and includes data on the prevalence of late-term abortion, abortion-related mortality and morbidity rates, and legal issues regarding fetal viability and the balance of maternal and fetal interests. According to enacted American Medical Association (AMA) policy, the use of appropriate medical terminology is critical in defining late-term abortion procedures, particularly intact dilatation and extraction, which is a variant of but distinct from dilatation and evacuation. The AMA recommends that the intact dilatation and extraction procedure not be used unless alternative procedures pose materially greater risk to the woman and that abortions not be performed in the third trimester except in cases of serious fetal anomalies incompatible with life. Major medical societies are urged to collaborate on clinical guidelines on late-term abortion techniques and circumstances that conform to standards of good medical practice. More research on the advantages and disadvantages of specific abortion procedures would help physicians make informed choices about specific abortion procedures. Expanded ongoing data surveillance systems estimating the prevalence of abortion are also needed.
TCTAP A-207 Impact of Hemodialysis in Critical Limb Ischemia Patients with Infra-popliteal Arterial Lesion on Clinical Outcomes Following Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty
Authors: Sang-Ho Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Won-Yong Shin, Se Yeon Choi, Yoonjee Park, Akkala Raghavender Goud, Hu Li, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Considerations Regarding the Technique for Transseptal Left Heart Catheterization
Authors: JOHN ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Improvements in the equipment and technique for transseptal left heart catheterization appear to have largely overcome the major problems and complications that have been encountered in recent years with this procedure. Improvements in equipment have included the addition of a stylet for the needle, modifications in the design of the catheter, and the use of a catheter tip occluder both for manipulation of the catheter within the left heart and to close the end hole during selective angiography. The steps employed for insertion of the catheter and needle were described in detail, and the use of landmarks such as the left main-stem bronchus, the spine, the left atrial shadow, and the aortic bulge was discussed. The indications for, and relative contraindications to, transseptal catheterization currently applied in this laboratory were also described. The relative contraindications consist of (1) a giant right atrium, (2) severe rotational anomalies of the heart or great vessels, and kyphoscoliosis; (3) marked dilation of the ascending aorta; (4) anticoagulant therapy, and (5) a history of recent systemic arterial embolization. Since the introduction of these technical changes and precautions, with the exception of one nonfatal aortic puncture, the problems previously encountered during transseptal catheterizations have been avoided in more than 350 consecutive transseptal left heart studies in this laboratory.