tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Engraving of William Harvey
Authors: M. Keynes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

It was unfortunate that Mark Silverman (JRSM 2007;100:199-204)1 illustrated ‘his’ Lumleian Lecture of 1616 with such a poor image of Dr William Harvey, 1578-1657, and gave it the nonsensical caption of ‘William Harvey, engraving by Cornelius Jansen, 1878’. This illustration—taken from the front page of Medical Tribune: Therapaeia of 22 March 1978, where it was re-published to mark Harvey's 400th birthday—was engraved by an unknown nineteenth century artist and used earlier to celebrate Harvey's 300th birthday in 1878. It was claimed to be based on a portrait by Cornelius Janssen, but appears to be after the portrait attributed to Wilhelm van Bemmel, 1630-1708, that has been in the Hunterian Collection in Glasgow since the death of Dr William Hunter, 1718-1783, and which earlier had belonged to Dr Richard Meade, 1673-1754.

Cornelius Janssen van Keulen, 1593-1664, was a Dutch portrait painter who was born in London and moved to live in Amsterdam in 1643. The portrait of Harvey which has been in the possession of the Royal College of Physicians since before the Great Fire of London of 1666 has been ascribed to Janssen, but this is now thought to be highly unlikely.2 Two other portraits of Harvey are those attributed to Daniel Mytens, 1590-1642, in the National Portrait Gallery since 1976, and a lost portrait by Sir Peter Lely, 1618-1680, of which five copies have recently been identified.3 However, Janssen does appear to have painted Harvey, as a portrait by C Janssen of Dr Harvey was sold at Christie's in 1794 at the sale of pictures from the collection of John Hunter, 1728-1793. Unfortunately, this portrait was destroyed in a fire in 1830.4
Screening to Reduce Transmission of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Semen Used for Artificial Insemination
Authors: Laurene Mascola, Mary E. Guinan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Abstract The practice of artificial insemination by donor semen is increasing in the United States. Many sexually transmitted organisms are found in semen, but screening procedures for the detection of these agents in donor semen have not been standardized. Sexually transmitted organisms have been transmitted during artificial insemination by donor, and such transmission can cause local, disseminated, or fatal disease in the recipient woman and may harm the fetus or newborn. Therefore, screening of both the donor and the donated semen is necessary to avoid infectious complications. Because semen samples cannot be evaluated completely on the day of donation, the use of fresh semen for artificial insemination should be discouraged. Until accurate, rapid diagnostic tests are available, only frozen semen that has been appropriately screened should be used. (N Engl J Med 1986; 314:1354–9.)
The team building day
Authors: David Isaacs, Stephen Isaacs, Dominic Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (2006)

“The main purpose of a team building day is to build a team,” the Facilitator begins smugly. A team building day is a cliche building day. The Facilitator can cram more cliches per square sentence and mix more metaphors than George W Bush. The Facilitator has a capital F, and the self satisfaction of believing that the profundity of his or her insight knows no depths. The word Facilitator has the same derivation as the word facile. 

“A problem …
Fez1/Lzts1 Absence Impairs Cdk1/Cdc25C Interaction during Mitosis and Predisposes Mice to Cancer Development
Authors: Andrea Vecchione, Gustavo Baldassarre, Hideshi Ishii, Milena S. Nicoloso, Barbara Belletti, Fabio Petrocca, Nicola Zanesi, Louise Y.Y. Fong, Sabrina Battista, Daniela Guarnieri, Raffaele Baffa, Hansjuerg Alder, John L. Farber, Peter J. Donovan, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
Abstract 5433: Binding of multivalent CD147 extracellular domain on U937 cells induces apoptosis <i>via</i> activation of caspase-9 and downregulation of MCT-1
Authors: Nutjeera Intasai, Supansa Pata, Khajornsak Tragoolpua, Chatchai Tayapiwatana
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract CD147 is highly expressed in activated lymphocytes and cancer cells. CD147 plays many important roles in cellular functions. We have previously reported that binding of multivalent CD147 extracellular domain displayed on phage particles (multivalent CD147Ex phages) induced apoptosis in a monocytic cell line, U937, by triggering caspase-3 activation. Activation of caspase-8, caspase-9 and MCT-1 was investigated in this study. Levels of intracellular procaspase-9 and membrane MCT-1 were noticeably decreased in multivalent CD147Ex phage-induced U937 cells in comparison to controls. However, activation of caspase-8 was not obvious. Multivalent CD147Ex phages also induced DNA fragmentation and growth arrest of U937 cells. Taken together with previous studies, we hypothesize that the CD147 extracellular domain on phage particles may bind to its ligand(s) on the cell surface of U937 leading to inhibition of MCT-1 cell surface expression, intracellular activation of caspase-9, followed by caspase-3 activation, DNA fragmentation and growth arrest. We identified a mechanism of CD147 in triggering its ligand(s) on U937 cells leading to U937 apoptotic cell death. This may contribute to the conceptual development of novel cancer drugs based on CD147 polymers. Citation Format: Nutjeera Intasai, Supansa Pata, Khajornsak Tragoolpua, Chatchai Tayapiwatana. Binding of multivalent CD147 extracellular domain on U937 cells induces apoptosis via activation of caspase-9 and downregulation of MCT-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5433. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5433
Great cardiac vein flow recorded with high frequency transthoracic doppler technique can predict myocardial viability in patients with anterior myocardial infarction
Authors: Tadashi Kuroda, Hiroshi Ito, Katsuomi Iwakura, Shigeo Kawano, Atsunori Okamura, Yoshiaki Inoue, Akinobu Katoh, Katsuaki Asano, Ryusuke Kimura, Masashi Tkushima, Koji Tanaka, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Surgery in Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Edward J. Eyring
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Properly timed surgical intervention can prolong the walking abilities of muscular dystrophy patients, as demonstrated by 17 patients who underwent 54 operative procedures. Awareness of pathokinesiology, insistence on immediate postoperative walking, and proper use of braces are essential for this approach. Reliance on parental care can reduce costs and improve results.
Functional dyspepsia---a conceptual framework
Authors: A Berstad
Journal: Gut (2000)

When the cause of tuberculosis was discovered more than 100 years ago, the relationship between the infection and disease seemed rather straightforward. Koch's postulates for the general principles of such relationships became very famous and are still valid (table 1). When there is only one cause of a disease, we are inclined to think in a linear manner, as in the case of tuberculosis. However, it became clear subsequently that most diseases have more than one cause—that is, most diseases are multifactorial with several risk factors. Today's criteria for a causal relationship between a disease and its causes are therefore much more complicated, as listed in table2.1

View this table:

Table 1 
Koch's postulates (1882)



View this table:

Table 2 
Criteria for causation (Evans 1976)



However, we are still inclined to think of …
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and classic risk factors in the prediction of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kunihiro Kinjo, Hiroshi Sato, Hideyuki Sato, Issei Shiotani, Yozo Ohnishi, Daisaku Nakatani, Hiroya Mizuno, Eiji Hishida, Yasuhiko Matsu-ura, Yoshiyuki Kijima, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Saliva as a diagnostic fluid.
Authors: D. Malamud
Journal: BMJ (1992)

from Venezuela and Malawi, such programmes might also contribute to the first objective-interrupting transmissionby promoting BCG vaccination or revaccination of contacts.2'Achieving the third objective-preventing deformitiesrelies mainly on surveillance to ensure early detection of nerve damage and appropriate treatment for reactions.Until the first two objectives are achieved the paper by ffytche and colleagues will remain relevant.'
Clearing the Way for New Combination Vaccine Use
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influence of a 10-day stay at high altitude on athletes
Authors: J Suchy
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

A number of studies have been recently published describing the positive effect of a traditional 3-week stay at high altitude on athletes' performance and biochemical parameters. During our studies with top trainers the authors found that many of them now use 10- to 12-day stays and training at altitude. For those reasons the authors focused our research on assessing the influence of 10 days at altitude on selected biochemical and physiological parameters. Participants were 10 athletes (age=19 years) regularly competing in the Cross-Country Skiing Cup. According to the fact the experiment took place during a training period, subjects went mostly through an aerobic training load. The main part of the data collection took place in the training camp in Livigno (IT, 1850 m above the sea). Subjects were tested for selected figures in the blood count three times - before their departure, right after their return and 10 days after the return. The tested figures were: haemoglobin (g/l), red blood cell distribution width (%), haematocrit. The data collection of morning pulse rate began 22 days before and ended 27 days after the return. The authors confirmed a significant (p&lt;0.03) positive effect for a 10-day stay at altitude on biochemical and physiological parameters. Data clearly show an average elevation of all selected figures in the blood count after the return from the altitude compared with data before. Mean (SD) morning pulse rate for 22 lowland days was 55 (3) beats/min: this increased to 62 (6) at altitude and returned to 50 (3) after the return. The changes in selected biochemical and physiological parameters of monitored sportsmen confirm the positive effects of a 10-day stay and training in areas 1850 m above sea. The study was supported by MSM0021620864.
When marginal costs and benefits should be used in screening
Authors: N. Wald, H. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Contrary to the statement by David J Torgerson and Anne Spencer in their article on marginal costs and benefits,1 we did not evaluate the economic consequences of changing screening for Down's syndrome from the method based on maternal age to that based on biochemical screening. We directly estimated the cost of detecting a pregnancy in which the fetus had Down's syndrome by using biochemical screening (the triple test).2

The example that the authors give of how …
1076-202 Impact of aortic stenting on blood pressure in adult coarctation
Authors: Sylvia S Chen, Ann E Donald, Clare Storry, Natalie Lloyd, Amanda Deighan, Marietta Charakida, Saemus Cullen, Philipp Bonhoeffer, Julian Halcox, John E Deanfield
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A nuclear defect in the 4p16 region predisposes to multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions in families with Wolfram syndrome.
Authors: A Barrientos, V Volpini, J Casademont, D Genís, J M Manzanares, I Ferrer, J Corral, F Cardellach, A Urbano-Márquez, X Estivill, V Nunes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Wolfram syndrome is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder transmitted in an autosomal recessive mode. We report two Wolfram syndrome families harboring multiple deletions of mitochondrial DNA. The deletions reached percentages as high as 85-90% in affected tissues such as the central nervous system of one patient, while in other tissues from the same patient and from other members of the family, the percentages of deleted mitochondrial DNA genomes were only 1-10%. Recently, a Wolfram syndrome gene has been linked to markers on 4p16. In both families linkage between the disease locus and 4p16 markers gave a maximum multipoint lod score of 3.79 at theta = 0 (P<0.03) with respect to D4S431. In these families, the syndrome was caused by mutations in this nucleus-encoded gene which deleteriously interacts with the mitochondrial genome. This is the first evidence of the implication of both genomes in a recessive disease.
Marital Stability After Breast Cancer
Authors: M. Dorval, E. Maunsell, J. Taylor-Brown, M. Kilpatrick
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

The belief that husbands desert wives who have breast cancer is not uncommon and may be a source of stress for women confronting this disease. To assess the validity of this belief, we examined the role of breast cancer as a determinant of marital breakdown by comparing the frequencies of marital breakdown among women with breast cancer and among control women from Quebec City and surrounding regions.Secondary analyses were performed on data collected from women who were newly diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer in 1984 or during the period from 1990 through 1992 and then interviewed 3 months, 18 months, and 8 years after diagnosis (1984 cohort) or interviewed 2 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months after diagnosis (1990-1992 cohort). Population-based control subjects (four groups) were recruited through random-digit dialing and from participants in the Quebec Health Surveys for 1987 and 1992. Eligible subjects were those who were living with a spouse at the time of interview and those who reported divorce or separation in the time periods examined. Marital breakdown in the past 12 months and 5 years and current marital satisfaction and adjustment were assessed. All P values are two-sided.Marital breakdown was never higher in women with breast cancer than in control women. Among women with breast cancer, low marital satisfaction within 3 months of diagnosis predicted further marital difficulties (a breakdown-P = .02 at 12-month interview and P = .01 at 18-month interview; low marital satisfaction- P<.0001 at 12-month interview and P = .005 at 18-month interview).For the times studied, breast cancer does not appear to be associated with marital breakdown among Quebec women. Marital difficulties occurred mainly among the small proportion of women who probably already had marital difficulties when diagnosed.
Adiponectin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shanshan Li, Hyun Joon Shin, Eric L. Ding, Rob M. van Dam
Journal: JAMA (2009)

The association of obesity with development of type 2 diabetes may be partly mediated by altered secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. Greater adiposity down-regulates secretion of adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. The strength and consistency of the relation between plasma adiponectin and risk of type 2 diabetes is unclear.To systematically review prospective studies of the association of plasma adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes.A systematic search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded databases using adiponectin and diabetes and various synonyms and reference lists of retrieved articles up to April 10, 2009.We included prospective studies with plasma adiponectin levels as the exposure and incidence of type 2 diabetes as the outcome variable.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Generalized least-squares trend estimation was used to assess dose-response relationships. Pooled relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects models to incorporate between-study variation.Thirteen prospective studies with a total of 14 598 participants and 2623 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were included in the meta-analysis. Higher adiponectin levels were monotonically associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The relative risk of type 2 diabetes was 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.78) per 1-log microg/mL increment in adiponectin levels. This inverse association was consistently observed in whites, East Asians, Asian Indians, African Americans, and Native Americans and did not differ by adiponectin assay, method of diabetes ascertainment, duration of follow-up, or proportion of women. The estimated absolute risk difference (cases per 1000 person-years) per 1-log microg/mL increment in adiponectin levels was 3.9 for elderly Americans and 30.8 for Americans with impaired glucose tolerance.Higher adiponectin levels are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes across diverse populations, consistent with a dose-response relationship.
Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind
Authors: Henry M. Parrish
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Laurence M. Klauber's magnum opus,<i>Rattlesnakes</i>, was first published in 1956. The second edition of this classical study of rattlesnakes contains much new material and the references have been brought up-to-date. This is the most outstanding book ever published about rattlesnakes. Indeed, few books about animals of medical importance contain the breadth or depth of knowledge about the subject found in Klauber's book. <i>Rattlesnakes</i>is a book that should appeal to physicians who treat venomous snakebites, to amateur and professional herpetologists, to nature lovers, and to researchers who work with animal venoms. There is a detailed discussion of rattlesnakes' fangs, venom glands, and venoms, as well as an account of the ecological distribution of rattlesnakes, snakebite statistics, the symptoms and aftereffects of the bite, and snakebite treatment. It is unfortunate that recent references about snakebite treatment were not incorporated into the text of the book, owing to Mr. Klauber's untimely
Rationing: Talk and Action in Health Care
Authors: S. Leeder
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Ed Bill New

BMJ Publishing Group, £24.95, pp 261

ISBN

The Rationing Agenda Group was formed in 1995 to promote a serious debate about rationing in the NHS. Rationing: Talk and Action in Health Care chronicles the work of the Rationing Agenda Group—its setting of agendas, early consultation with health service managers, and inquiry into public understanding of rationing (virtually nil). Is it possible to define a package of core services that the NHS should provide? Should we be aiming to “maximise the health of the whole community” …
Cortisone (Compound E)
Authors: J. M. Carlisle
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Cortisone is one of the series of crystalline hormonal substances isolated from extracts of the adrenal cortex in the laboratory of Dr. E. C. Kendall, of the Mayo Foundation.This substance, originally named " compound E," was isolated from beef adrenal glands and described by Mason, Myers, and Kendall in 1936.It was also described inde- pendently by Reichstein as "substance FA," and by Wintersteiner and Pfiffner as " compound F."Cortisone was first synthesized from a bile acid in 1946 by Dr. L. H. Sarett, of the Research Laboratories of Merck and Co., Inc.The availability of cortisone in suffi- cient quantities for clinical use was the result of a practical synthesis developed by the combined efforts of Dr. Kendall and his associates and of Dr.
Summer Solstice on the West Branch
Authors: David Brown
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Small as a day in a year, this trickle has come out of the glacial rocks to make a pool no wider than two spread hands. The sphagnum makes a forest at its edge. The water is cool, dark with shade and tannin; it will stay at least beyond this evening when the sun, holding as much, as much of day as it ever can, lets go to run down its own declivity, as this water will run through blanched roots to the river with equally little choice in the matter. What the hill above will give, or the streams below will take from this pool tomorrow is today beyond our actual knowing. What is here today is what we know: a seep of ancient water just now flowing into this pool, the flecks of larvae swimming, the jay in the tree nervously racing from limb to limb, the spider
Acute Subdural Hematoma With a Lucid Interval
Authors: Volker K. H. Sonntag
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE LUCID interval following head trauma and unconsciousness is described classically in epidural hematomas. The historic emphasis placed on the lucid interval in cases of extradural hematoma has made this one of the best-remembered signs of the syndrome. Initial unconsciousness is thought to be due to the concussive effect of the blow to the head. The lucid period is the time required for the clot to grow to proportions great enough to produce compression of the brain. The percentage of patients with epidural hematoma who have lucid intervals varies in different reports from 10%<sup>1</sup>to 72%.<sup>2</sup>Although the occurrence of a lucid period in patients with acute subdural hematoma has been mentioned in previous literature, it has not been stressed in any of the recent series published.<sup>2-3</sup>My patient had an acute subdural hematoma in which head trauma and initial unconsciousness were followed by a lucid interval, then
BIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF DEMENTIA PRIÆCOX
Authors: F. W. LANGDON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1917)

Now, if our present army, composed of picked material of a "good" physical and mental standard, develops 2.64 per 1000 of cases of mental disease per year, what may we expect of the "I ,6io,6oo men available for military duty," in the state of New BIOLOGIC
Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Testing Has a Role in Arrhythmia Risk Stratification
Authors: Richard L. Verrier, Thomas Klingenheben, Marek Malik, Nabil El-Sherif, Derek V. Exner, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Takanori Ikeda, Juan Pablo Martínez, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Tuomo Nieminen, David S. Rosenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)