tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Essai de I’emploi simultané du training autogène et de la therapie de groupe à I’âge de la puberté
Authors: Ilona Demcsak-Kelen, F. Szakacs
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

During the process of relaxation, i.e., after loosening the abnormal tension the patient will be readily accessible, his vegetative symptoms will cease to exist and on evidence he receives some experiments; so his psychical phenomena as well as the work of his organism having perceived abnormal are understandable and can be set into order. The abnormal substences and conflicts being achieved close to consciousness in the state of relaxation of hypnosis can become elaborated in the situation of group therapy. At the same time this also easies the social adaptation of patient. The optimal personal conditions of a group psycho-therapy either introduced by the process of relaxation or being parallel with it: a couple containing a doctor-directing relaxation – as a therapeut and a female psychologist – manipulating group dynamics – as a co-therapeut.
Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Fabry Disease
Authors: Raphael Schiffmann, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Howard A. Austin III, Sharda Sabnis, David F. Moore, Thais Weibel, James E. Balow, Roscoe O. Brady
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextFabry disease is a metabolic disorder without a specific treatment, caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A (α-gal A). Most patients experience debilitating neuropathic pain and premature mortality because of renal failure, cardiovascular disease, or cerebrovascular disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous α-gal A for Fabry disease.Design and SettingDouble-blind placebo-controlled trial conducted from December 1998 to August 1999 at the Clinical Research Center of the National Institutes of Health.PatientsTwenty-six hemizygous male patients, aged 18 years or older, with Fabry disease that was confirmed by α-gal A assay.InterventionA dosage of 0.2 mg/kg of α-gal A, administered intravenously every other week (12 doses total).Main Outcome MeasureEffect of therapy on neuropathic pain while without neuropathic pain medications measured by question 3 of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).ResultsMean (SE) BPI neuropathic pain severity score declined from 6.2 (0.46) to 4.3 (0.73) in patients treated with α-gal A vs no significant change in the placebo group (P = .02). Pain-related quality of life declined from 3.2 (0.55) to 2.1 (0.56) for patients receiving α-gal A vs 4.8 (0.59) to 4.2 (0.74) for placebo (P = .05). In the kidney, glomeruli with mesangial widening decreased by a mean of 12.5% for patients receiving α-gal vs a 16.5% increase for placebo (P = .01). Mean inulin clearance decreased by 6.2 mL/min for patients receiving α-gal A vs 19.5 mL/min for placebo (P = .19). Mean creatinine clearance increased by 2.1 mL/min (0.4 mL/s) for patients receiving α-gal A vs a decrease of 16.1 mL/min (0.3 mL/s) for placebo (P = .02). In patients treated with α-gal A, there was an approximately 50% reduction in plasma glycosphingolipid levels, a significant improvement in cardiac conduction, and a significant increase in body weight.ConclusionIntravenous infusions of α-gal A are safe and have widespread therapeutic efficacy in Fabry disease.
HIV‐associated plasmablastic lymphoma: Lessons learned from 112 published cases
Authors: Jorge Castillo, Liron Pantanowitz, Bruce J. Dezube
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a distinct subtype of non‐Hodgkin B‐cell lymphoma, originally described with a strong predilection to the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals. Data regarding patient age and gender, HIV status, initiation of and response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), tumor extent, pathology, treatment, and outcome were extracted from 112 cases of PBL identified in the literature. The median age at presentation was 38 years with a male predominance of 7:1, and the median CD4+ count was 178 cells/mm 3 . PBL presented on average 5 years after diagnosis of HIV. Common primary sites of presentation included the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and lymph nodes. Most cases presented with either stage I or stage IV disease. There was a variable expression of B‐cell markers in tumor cells, but plasma cell markers were expressed in all cases. EBV was detected in 74%. Chemotherapy was used to treat 55% patients and was combined with radiotherapy in 21% cases. Complete response was obtained in 66% of treated cases; the majority of these responses were seen after CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone). The refractory/relapsed disease rate was 54%. Death occurred in 53% of patients, with a median overall survival of 15 months. Sex, CD4+ count, viral load, clinical stage, EBV status, primary site of involvement, and use of CHOP failed to show an association with survival. PBL is an aggressive B‐cell lymphoma that presents in both oral and extra‐oral sites of chronically HIV‐infected immunosuppressed young men. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Timing of pre-breakfast insulin injection and postprandial metabolic control in diabetic children
Authors: A L Kinmonth, J D Baum
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A peak period of hyperglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetics occurs after breakfast. A randomised crossover study was performed on nine diabetic children at home to study the effect of varying the time of their morning mixed injection of Monotard and Actrapid insulin on this hyperglycaemic peak. Performing the study at home minimised the children9s stress. After diabetic control had been improved children injected their insulin 30 minutes (early injection) or five minutes (late injection) before breakfast on two consecutive Saturday mornings. Blood samples were taken at 30-minute intervals over 3½ hours and analysed for concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, pyruvate, lactate, alanine, and ketones. Diet, insulin dose, and exercise were kept the same on both test days. The mean blood glucose concentration at breakfast (0 minutes) was 11 mmol/l after the early injection and 10 mmol/l after the late injection. Subsequent concentrations were consistently lower with the early injection regimen than the late regimen. The greatest difference between values in the two groups was 3·7 mmol/l at 150 minutes. Mean plasma insulin concentrations were lower in the children on the early regimen than in those on the late regimen at 30 minutes before breakfast but higher at 0 minutes and thereafter. There were no significant differences in mean concentration of intermediary metabolites between the two injection regimens. These were mainly within the normal range for healthy young adults except for the ketone concentrations, which were raised with both injection regimens until 180 minutes after breakfast. These results suggest that the timing of the morning injection of insulin is important in the control of postprandial hyperglycaemia in diabetic children.
Effect of Treatment for <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiac Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Adam F.M. Stone, Michael A. Mendall, Juan-Carlos Kaski, Tracey M. Edger, Paul Risley, Jan Poloniecki, A. John Camm, Timothy C. Northfield
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Infection with Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with coronary heart disease. We conducted an intervention study using antibiotics against these bacteria in patients with acute coronary syndromes to determine whether antibiotics reduce inflammatory markers and adverse cardiac events. Methods and Results— Patients (n=325) admitted with acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina (acute coronary syndromes) were randomized to receive a 1-week course of 1 of 3 treatment regimens: (1) placebo; (2) amoxicillin (500 mg twice daily), metronidazole (400 mg twice daily), and omeprazole (20 mg twice daily); or (3) azithromycin (500 mg once daily), metronidazole (400 mg twice daily), and omeprazole (20 mg twice daily). Serum fibrinogen, white cell count, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured at study entry and at 1, 3, and 12 months during follow-up. Cardiac death and readmission with acute coronary syndrome were considered clinical end points. Patients were followed for 1 year. C-reactive protein levels were reduced ( P =0.03) in unstable angina patients receiving amoxicillin, and fibrinogen was reduced in both patient groups receiving antibiotics ( P =0.06). There were 17 cardiac deaths and 71 readmissions with acute coronary syndrome. No difference in frequency or timing of end points was observed between the 2 antibiotic groups. At 12 weeks, there was a 36% reduction in all end points in patients receiving antibiotics compared with placebo ( P =0.02). This reduction persisted during the 1-year follow-up. Neither C pneumoniae nor H pylori antibody status was significantly related to response to treatment. Conclusions— Antibiotic treatment significantly reduced adverse cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndromes, but the effect was independent of H pylori or C pneumoniae seropositivity.
Cardiovascular Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients with Heart Failure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Yasuyuki Kaneko, John S. Floras, Kengo Usui, Julie Plante, Ruzena Tkacova, Toshihiko Kubo, Shin-ichi Ando, T. Douglas Bradley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Obstructive sleep apnea subjects the failing heart to adverse hemodynamic and adrenergic loads and may thereby contribute to the progression of heart failure. We hypothesized that treatment of obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure would improve left ventricular systolic function.Twenty-four patients with a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (45 percent or less) and obstructive sleep apnea who were receiving optimal medical treatment for heart failure underwent polysomnography. On the following morning, their blood pressure and heart rate were measured by digital photoplethysmography, and left ventricular dimensions and left ventricular ejection fraction were assessed by echocardiography. The subjects were then randomly assigned to receive medical therapy either alone (12 patients) or with the addition of continuous positive airway pressure (12 patients) for one month. The assessment protocol was then repeated.In the control group of patients who received only medical therapy, there were no significant changes in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea, daytime blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular end-systolic dimension, or left ventricular ejection fraction during the study. In contrast, continuous positive airway pressure markedly reduced obstructive sleep apnea, reduced the daytime systolic blood pressure from a mean (+/-SE) of 126+/-6 mm Hg to 116+/-5 mm Hg (P=0.02), reduced the heart rate from 68+/-3 to 64+/-3 beats per minute (P=0.007), reduced the left ventricular end-systolic dimension from 54.5+/-1.8 to 51.7+/-1.2 mm (P=0.009), and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction from 25.0+/-2.8 to 33.8+/-2.4 percent (P<0.001).In medically treated patients with heart failure, treatment of coexisting obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure reduces systolic blood pressure and improves left ventricular systolic function. Obstructive sleep apnea may thus have an adverse effect in heart failure that can be addressed by targeted therapy.
Systemic inflammatory response and serum lipopolysaccharide levels predict multiple organ failure and death in alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Javier Michelena, José Altamirano, Juan G. Abraldes, Silvia Affò, Oriol Morales‐Ibanez, Pau Sancho‐Bru, Marlene Dominguez, Juan Carlos García‐Pagán, Javier Fernández, Vicente Arroyo, Pere Ginès, Alexandre Louvet, Philippe Mathurin, Wajahat Z. Mehal, Juan Caballería, Ramón Bataller
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) frequently progresses to multiple organ failure (MOF) and death. However, the driving factors are largely unknown. At admission, patients with AH often show criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) even in the absence of an infection. We hypothesize that the presence of SIRS may predispose to MOF and death. To test this hypothesis, we studied a cohort including 162 patients with biopsy‐proven AH. The presence of SIRS and infections was assessed in all patients, and multivariate analyses identified variables independently associated with MOF and 90‐day mortality. At admission, 32 (19.8%) patients were diagnosed with a bacterial infection, while 75 (46.3%) fulfilled SIRS criteria; 58 patients (35.8%) developed MOF during hospitalization. Short‐term mortality was significantly higher among patients who developed MOF (62.1% versus 3.8%, P &lt; 0.001). The presence of SIRS was a major predictor of MOF (odds ratio = 2.69, P = 0.025) and strongly correlated with mortality. Importantly, the course of patients with SIRS with and without infection was similar in terms of MOF development and short‐term mortality. Finally, we sought to identify serum markers that differentiate SIRS with and without infection. We studied serum levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, procalcitonin, and lipopolysaccharide at admission. All of them predicted mortality. Procalcitonin, but not high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, serum levels identified those patients with SIRS and infection. Lipopolysaccharide serum levels predicted MOF and the response to prednisolone. Conclusion : In the presence or absence of infections, SIRS is a major determinant of MOF and mortality in AH, and the mechanisms involved in the development of SIRS should be investigated; procalcitonin serum levels can help to identify patients with infection, and lipopolysaccharide levels may help to predict mortality and the response to steroids. (H epatology 2015;62:762–772)
Efficacy of anakinra in active ankylosing spondylitis: a clinical and magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: A L Tan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To determine the efficacy of anakinra, an interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in active ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to investigate the effect of anakinra treatment on spinal enthesitis/osteitis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).A 3 month open label study of anakinra (100 mg subcutaneous injection daily) was carried out in nine patients with active AS who had back pain and an increased acute phase response, and who had failed to respond to at least one non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Clinical assessment included the Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and AS Quality of Life (ASQoL) before and after treatment. Fat suppressed MRI of the spine and sacroiliac joints was performed with a 1.5 T scanner at baseline and at 3 months to determine the effect of treatment on spinal enthesitis/osteitis.Significant improvement was found in the BASFI (median baseline 5.88, 3 months 3.63, p = 0.021), BASDAI (median baseline 5.63, 3 months 3.48, p = 0.028), ASQoL (median baseline 12, 3 months 8, p = 0.011) and laboratory measures reflecting inflammation, with C reactive protein (median baseline 31 mg/l, 3 months 17 mg/l, p = 0.036) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (median baseline 19 mm/1st h, 3 months 15 mm/1st h, p = 0.008) also showing significant improvement. Six patients (67%) achieved the Assessments in AS (ASAS) Working Group criteria of 20% improvement. Of the 38 regions of enthesitis/osteitis determined by MRI at baseline, 23 (61%) either improved or regressed completely.This open label pilot study suggests that anakinra is effective in controlling the clinical manifestations of AS. The clinical response was reflected by an improvement in MRI determined spinal enthesitis/osteitis.
Transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during sampling.
Authors: A Lindskog
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Individual PAH are shown to undergo chemical transformation when exposed to gases such as NO2, O3 and SO3. The possibility of artifact formation during sampling in stacks and in ambient air is discussed. PAH on soot, formed in a smoke gas generator, and exposed to NO chi and SO chi in a thermostated oven were degraded as a result of the sampling technique. Addition of NO2 (1 ppm) or gaseous HNO3 (120 ppb) during ambient air sampling caused degradation of individual PAH on particles and formation of the corresponding mononitro-PAH. Addition of 200 ppb O3 or 100 ppb gaseous HNO2 had no detectable effect. Thus, artifact formation can occur as a result of the presence of NO2, HNO3, or SO chi both in stack gas sampling and in sampling of PAH on particles in ambient air.
Evaluation of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study Clinical Lens Grading System
Authors: Emily Y. Chew, Jonghyeon Kim, Robert D. Sperduto, Manuel B. Datiles, Hanna R. Coleman, Darby J.S. Thompson, Roy C. Milton, Janine A. Clayton, Larry D. Hubbard, Ronald P. Danis, Frederick L. Ferris
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Acronyms and Initialisms
Authors: James Ransom
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In the beginning was the word, and only much later the acronym. The word acronym is fairly new, made up of the same elements as acromegaly and patronymic, and the examples used in dictionaries to illustrate the device tend to stir recent memory  anzac, SCUBA, snafu ). With the notable exception of posh ( p ort o utward, s tarboard h omeward—to keep the wealthier traveler's cabin on the cooler side through the Indian Ocean during the voyage to and from India), the phenomenon is not particularly English  Gestapo, OGPU ), and there are arguments about whether initialisms might not be a better term; whether what linguisticians used to call  and Lewis Carroll portmanteau words  smog, motel ) are the same thing; and whether formation of acronyms or blends is a legitimate process of vocabulary development or merely a device of cutesy comics (from Ohiowa or elsewhere) or wanton neologizers dressing in fancy
Immunologic Evidence of Group A Streptococcal Infection in Patients Undergoing Mitral Commissurotomy
Authors: GENE H. STOLLERMAN, WILLIAM F. LYNCH, MARIO A. DOLAN, DENNISON YOUNG, JOHN B. SCHWEDEL
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Serum levels of 3 group A streptococcal antibodies were determined in 53 patients prior to mitral commissurotomy and monthly for 3 to 6 months postoperatively. Significant elevation of antibody titers was relatively infrequent prior to commissurotomy and the presence of chronic productive inflammatory lesions in the biopsied atrial appendage was usually unrelated to recent streptococcal infection. The "postcommissurotomy syndrome" also occurred in some patients without evidence of such infection. Postoperative subclinical streptococcus infection occurred frequently enough, however, to suggest the need for vigorous preoperative penicillin therapy and careful postoperative prophylaxis.
IMPROVED LOCALIZATION AND TREATMENT OF RUPTURED INTERVERTEBRAL DISKS
Authors: WALTER E. DANDY
Journal: JAMA (1942)

My purpose in this communication is twofold: to suggest (1) a method of localization of ruptured intervertebral disks and (2) an improved method of operative attack on the disks.  In previous communications I have emphasized the ease with which the diagnosis of a ruptured disk can be made solely from the patient's story of low backache plus sciatica, occurring in attacks, usually after a relatively trivial injury such as a lift, bend or strain. During the acute stages the pain in the back and the sciatica are usually intensified by coughing and sneezing. Although there may be sensory and motor loss from local pressure on the nerve, the only really valuable objective finding is a diminution or loss of an achilles reflex, and this occurs in only about half of the cases. The subjective story is therefore all important, and negative objective findings are of no concern. Moreover, this is
Scientific Rigor of Economic Analyses
Authors: Jeffrey T. Lee, Lisa A. Sanchez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 July 1992Scientific Rigor of Economic AnalysesJeffrey T. Lee, Lisa A. SanchezJeffrey T. LeeSearch for more papers by this author, Lisa A. SanchezSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-2-172_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The article by Udvarhelyi and colleagues (1) highlights the methodologic inadequacies of economic analyses in the medical literature. Failure to adhere to basic methodologic principles and inappropriate use of economic terminology are not limited to the medical literature (2).We assessed the methodologic soundness of 65 articles in six pharmacy journals from 1985 to 1990, using a process similar to that used by Udvarhelyi and colleagues. We used 10 criteria suggested by Drummond and colleagues (3) to assess whether appropriate methodologic techniques were used in each of the 65 articles. Additionally, we assessed the use of the...References1. UdvarhelyiColditzRaiEpstein SGAA. Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses in the medical literature: are the methods being used correctly? Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:238-44. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LeeSanchez JL. Interpretation of "cost-effective" and soundness of economic evaluations in the pharmacy literature. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991;48:2622-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. DrummondStoddartTorrance MGG. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1986. Google Scholar4. DoubiletWeinsteinMcNeil PMB. Use and misuse of the term "cost effective" in medicine. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:253-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jeffrey T. Lee; Lisa A. SanchezAffiliations: PharmD Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPhenolic Resins: Chemistry, Reactions, Mechanism 15 July 1992Volume 117, Issue 2Page: 172-172 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 July 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiac Screening of Young Athletes Prior to Participation in Sports
Authors: Sanjay Sharma, Ahmed Merghani, Sabiha Gati
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Deaths of young athletes from cardiac disease are uncommon but receive considerable media attention and intermittently galvanize debates about cardiac screening prior to participation in sports. Both the American Heart Association (AHA) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorse preparticipation screening in athletes; however, there is disagreement about the best approach. The AHA recommends history and physical examination; this approach is pragmatic and relatively inexpensive but has poor sensitivity because most athletes are asymptomatic and physical examination identifies only a minority of those at risk of sudden cardiac death. The inclusion of the electrocardiogram in accordance with the recommendations of the ESC improves sensitivity for detection of serious cardiac disease but is associated with an unacceptably high false-positive rate, in part because of the overlap between the electrical manifestations of athletic training and the cardiomyopathies. For young athletes with normal electrocardiogram results, echocardiography contributes minimally to the diagnosis of serious cardiac diseases. Given all the complexities, cardiac screening of young athletes should be voluntary not mandatory and conducted by highly experienced physicians who fully understand the cardiovascular adaptation to intensive exercise.