tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bicycle Helmets
Authors: Barry D. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In an era when both physicians and patients are fascinated by high-technology medical interventions, we sometimes forget the impact that simple preventive measures can have on our patients' well-being. The research reported by Sacks et al<sup>1</sup>in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>provides us with impressive evidence that this is so. Each year in the United States, nearly 600000 persons visit an emergency department and more than 1300 die because of injuries sustained while riding a bicycle.<sup>2</sup>Approximately half of these deaths are children and adolescents. Among children, the death rate from bicycling injuries exceeds the death rate from many other causes that receive considerably more public attention, such as accidental poisonings, falls, and firearms injuries.<sup>3</sup>In fact, the death rate from bicycling injuries among children is similar to the preimmunization death rate from<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>meningitis.<sup>4</sup>Yet, while we now immunize all
Analysis of Discrete Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Reveals Th2-Promoting Properties
Authors: A.J. Reefer, S.M. Satinover, J. Nguyen, M.D. Solga, J. Lannigan, B. Wilson, J.A. Woodfolk
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
973-113 Elevated C-Reactive Protein at Discharge and at Three Months After Waning of Symptoms in Unstable Angina is Associated with Recurrence of Instability During 12 Months Follow-up
Authors: Giovanna Liuzza, Luigi M. Biasucci, Antonino Buffon, Gaetano Quaranta, Giuseppina Caligiuri, Claudia Monaco, Rita L. Grillo, Antonio G. Rebuzzi, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The Periodic Physical Examination in Asymptomatic Persons
Authors: Roger M. Cass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1989The Periodic Physical Examination in Asymptomatic PersonsRoger M. Cass, MDRoger M. Cass, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-941 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Oboler and LaForce ( 1 ), recommend, because of their low diagnostic yield, that various screening maneuvers done in the physical examination be omitted when examining asymptomatic adults, and done instead at specified intervals. We live in an age of tremendous medical anxiety: The patients who come to my office are rarely asymptomatic or without concern, except those who come for examinations mandated by third parties. Friedman and colleagues (2) found that patients who had periodic evaluations had significantly lower mortality from colorectal cancer and hypertension. Hypercholesterolemia is being widely treated, and, as a result, mortality from...References1. ObolerLaForce SF. The periodic physical examination in asymptomatic adults. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:214-26. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FriedmanCollenFireman GMB. Multiphasic health checkup evaluation. J Chron Dis. 1986;39:453-63. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Anisimov V. Age-related mechanisms of susceptibility to carcinogenesis. Semin Oncol. 1989;16:10-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Bisno A. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for infective endocarditis. Hosp Pract. 1989;24:209-26. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. HsiaoBraunDunnBecker WPDE. Resource-based relative values. An overview. JAMA. 1988;260:2347-53. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. ObolerLaForce SF. The periodic physical examination in asymptomatic adults. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:214-26. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Frame P. A critical review of adult health maintenance. Part 1: Prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. J Fam Pract. 1986;22:341-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. . The periodic health examination. Can Med Assn J 1979;121:1193-254. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. GoldbloomBattista RR. The periodic health examination: 1. Introduction. Can Med Assn J. 1988;138:617-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Strong Memorial Hospital Rochester, NY 14642 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1989Volume 110, Issue 11Page: 941-942KeywordsAnxietyColorectal cancerHypertensionMortality Issue Published: 1 June 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Development of additional autoimmune diseases in a population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: J E McDonagh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> In view of the recognised clustering of autoimmune diseases (AID), the chronology of development of other autoimmune diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients was considered. <h3>METHODS</h3> A retrospective review of a well documented population of 215 patients with SLE was undertaken. The duration of follow up ranged from 2 to 18 years. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Of these 215 patients, 65 (30%) had at least one other AID—including 51 (24%) having one other AID, 12 (6%) having two and two (1%) having three other AID in addition to their SLE. Twelve different autoimmune diseases were identified. The majority of patients developed a further AID after SLE had been diagnosed (62%) reflecting the relatively early age of onset of SLE. There was no significant difference in the age of onset of rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren9s syndrome and hypothyroidism that had developed before SLE compared with those who developed these diseases after SLE. However, those who developed autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP) before SLE were significantly younger than those who developed AITP after SLE (16.7 <i>v</i>38.7 years respectively, p&lt;0.05). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Physicians caring for SLE patients should remain alert to the possible development of a second AID during follow up. Further well matched case-control studies are required to define the exact relation between SLE and other AID.
Abstract 513: Stromal desmoplasia is induced by a hypoxia and HIF-1α mediated increase in sonic hedgehog formation in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Taly R. Spivak-Kroizman, Galen Hostetter, Richard Posner, Meraj Aziz, Chengcheng Hu, Michael Demeure, Daniel Von Hoff, Sunil Hingorani, Timothy B. Palculict, Mena Abdelmelek, Geoffrey Bartholomeusz, Brian P. James, Garth Powis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Pancreatic tumors are notoriously hypoxic and characterized by a dense fibro-inflammatory stromal reaction (desmoplasia). Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is a major contributor to tumor desmoplasia in pancreatic and other cancers, resulting in decreased tumor blood flow, decreased drug delivery and resistance to therapy. We hypothesized that the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transcription factor, a major component of the cell's response to hypoxia is an important mediator of the mechanism inducing desmoplasia in pancreatic cancer. We observed that a hypoxic environment (1% O2 for 24 hr) increased the expression of sonic Hh (SHH) mRNA and secreted SHH protein, in both MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells, and that this was blocked by siRNA targeting HIF-1α. NIH-3T3 fibroblasts transfected with a GLi1-firefly luciferase reporter exposed to conditioned media from hypoxic MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1, or co-cultures of the Panc-1 and the fibroblasts showed an increase in GLi activity. siRNA to sHH transfected into Panc-1 tumor cells blocked the fibroblast GLi1 response. NIH-3T3 fibroblasts alone did not show an increase in Hh components or Hh signaling upon exposure to hypoxia. MiaPaCa-2 cells transfected with a GLi1-firefly luciferase reporter showed no increase in GLi1 activity upon exposure to hypoxia suggesting there is no autocrine stimulation of the cancer cells by the SHH they secrete. Fibroblasts co-cultured with the pancreatic cancer cells showed increased expression of two markers of desmoplasia, collagen-1 and fibronectin under hypoxic conditions that was blocked by siRNA to HIF-1α. Thus, increased pancreatic cancer cell SHH formation in response to hypoxia and mediated by HIF-1α, stimulates Hh signaling which increases fibroblast GLi1 transcriptional activity without activating Hh signaling in the cancer cell itself. We also compared levels of nuclear HIF-1α and SHH by immunohistochemistry in patient pancreatic cancer samples and found a significant correlation between tumor HIF-1α and stromal SHH (p&amp;lt; 0.01). Furthermore, both tumor HIF-1α and stromal SHH correlated with decreased patient survival. The findings suggest that tumor hypoxia and increased HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer which is likely a consequence of the desmoplasia, is also a cause of the desmoplasia. Breaking the cycle of hypoxia, HIF-1α, and desmoplasia, could offer a new therapy for pancreatic cancer. Supported by CA109552-05 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 513. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-513
Cold Hemagglutinin Disease Associated with IgG Cold-Reactive Antibody
Authors: L. E. SILBERSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Six patients with chronic idiopathic cold hemagglutinin disease were studied whose serum cold agglutinin was not inactivated or was incompletely inactivated with the IgM-reducing agent dithiothreitol. In five of these patients, isolation of the antibodies revealed that two patients had predominantly IgG cold-reactive antibody, which was associated with smaller amounts of IgM in one patient and with IgA in the other; two patients had predominantly IgM cold agglutinin with lesser amounts of cold-reactive IgG; and one patient had an IgG cold agglutinin only. Both patients with predominantly IgG cold-reactive antibodies were treated with splenectomy and subsequently had a rise in more than hemoglobin levels that has been maintained for over 36 months without additional therapy. Two of the other three patients were treated with glucocorticoids only and responded similarly. These data indicate that a subset of patients with cold hemagglutinin disease have IgG cold-reactive antibodies. In contrast to patients with typical cold agglutinin disease, this subset appears responsive to glucocorticoids and splenectomy.
Clinical benefit must not be confused with cost benefit
Authors: M. D Rawlins, A. M Breckenridge
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—In their letter about drug licensing Milner et al make two proposals: that the criteria for licensing new drugs in Britain should be changed and that the Medicines Control Agency (and, by implication, the Committee on Safety of Medicines) should adopt a (presumably more) rigorous standard of clinical effectiveness.1

Readers should be aware that it is not possible for Britain, alone, to change …
CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA TREATED BY HYPNOSIS.
Authors: CECIL B. KIDD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA TREATED BY HYPNOSIS. Get access CECIL B. KIDD, M.D., Ph.D., D.P.M. CECIL B. KIDD, M.D., Ph.D., D.P.M. Senior Lecturer in Mental Health, University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 2, 1 February 1966, Pages 101–105, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12182.x Published: 01 February 1966
Preregistration rotation including general practice at St Mary's Hospital Medical School.
Authors: C M Harris, H A Dudley, B Jarman, P H Kidner
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A rotation for the preregistration year which included medicine, surgery, and general practice started at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in August 1981. Initially approved by London University for an experimental period of three years, in 1984 it became an established rotation subject to normal review. Special arrangements were made for clinical work, supervision, prescribing, teaching, and other aspects of the general practice component. Data relating to the general practice consultations of the nine participating house officers show that they obtained wide experience, and their comments on the post itself were generally favourable. The four months spent in general practice were needed to allow time for the house officers to adapt to the new setting but did not seem to have an important effect on their experience in medicine and surgery.
Improved posterobasal segment function after thrombolysis is associated with decreased incidence of significant mitral regurgitation in a first inferior myocardial infarction
Authors: Alexander Tenenbaum, Jonathan Leor, Michael Motro, Hanoch Hod, Elieser Kaplinsky, Babeth Rabinowitz, Valentina Boyko, Zvi Vered
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Effect of prostaglandin E1 on platelet behaviour in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: P. R. Emmons, J. R. Hampton, M. J. Harrison, A. J. Honour, J. R. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1967)

In vitro studies done on blood taken from healthy volunteers showed that prostaglandin (PG) E1 consistently inhibited platelet-to-glass adhesiveness significantly.  It also inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate by norepinephrine and by adenosine triphosphate.  Although PGE1 itself did not affect platelet electrophoretic mobility it inhibited the changes due to adenosine diphosphate and norepinephrine.  In vivo studies conducted in rabbits showed that PGE1 suppressed platelet thrombosis formation PGE1 is found in many organs and its role in the natural history and treatment of artherial thrombosis merits further study.
DOUBLE RADIAL RUPTURE OF THE IRIS.
Authors: S. C. AYRES
Journal: JAMA (1904)

This case of double radial rupture of the iris is very remarkable and, so far as I have consulted the literature on the subject, there is only one which corresponds to it. In that case, which occurred in the practice of Dr. Bünger,<sup>1</sup>in 1821, the left eye was struck by a chain, causing an artificial pupil which could be distinguished from one made by an operation, only by a band of iris remaining at the ciliary margin. At first, sight was very much impaired, probably from intraocular hemorrhage, but perfect vision was finally regained. My case is as follows: <h3>History.</h3> —G. H, age 10, was first examined Nov. 12, 1902, and gave the following account of the accident: He was struck by a BB shot from an airgun at a distance of about five feet. The shot struck the edge of the lower lid of the left eye
PRIMARY CHANCRE OF THE PALPEBRAL CONJUNCTIVA IN AN INFANT
Authors: Albert H. Burr
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The case of chancre of the conjunctiva in an adult reported by Dr. W. P. Ling,<sup>1</sup>Peking, China, prompts me to submit a report of an unusual instance in a female infant, 18 months old: first, to add another case to the eighty-two cases compiled by Maxey,<sup>2</sup>and, secondly, to show how error may occur in the diagnosis of chancre outside its favorite habitat. This incident occurred in the earlier years of my practice in Chicago, antedating the discovery of<i>Spirochaeta pallida</i>and the Wassermann reaction. Called to the home of this infant to prescribe for a hoarse, laryngeal cough persistent for some time, I observed also a slight conjunctivitis of the left eye. About two weeks later I saw the child again, as the cough had not yielded to treatment and the hoarseness was now apparent also when it talked or cried. The left eyelid had become
Time-series analysis of heart rate variability during submaximal exercise. Evidence for reduced cardiac vagal tone in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation.
Authors: G E Billman, R S Hoskins
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Periodic fluctuations in the R-R interval have been used as noninvasive measures of cardiac autonomic tone. For example, a reduced heart rate variability has been shown to correlate with an increased mortality in patients recovering from myocardial infarction. The effects that physiologic perturbations such as exercise have on this heart rate variability have not been investigated. Therefore, heart rate variability was measured throughout a submaximal exercise test in 36 mongrel dogs with healed anterior myocardial infarctions. The amplitude of the respiratory component (0.24-1.04 Hz) was determined by time-series analysis techniques and was used as an index of cardiac vagal tone. On a subsequent day, a 2-minute coronary occlusion was initiated during the last minute of exercise. Twenty-two animals developed ventricular fibrillation (susceptible), whereas 14 animals did not (resistant). Exercise elicited a significantly greater increase in heart rate (resistant, 205.4 +/- 7.1; susceptible, 227.0 +/- 5.4 beats/min) in susceptible animals, which was accompanied by a greater reduction in the cardiac vagal tone index (resistant, 2.7 +/- 0.3; susceptible, 1.1 +/- 0.2 ln msec2) as compared with resistant animals. Conversely, atropine sulfate (50 micrograms/kg) given during exercise elicited a greater heart rate increase in the resistant dogs (heart rate change: resistant, 54.2 +/- 7.0; susceptible, 18.7 +/- 4.4 beats/min). Taken together, these data suggest that exercise elicited a greater reduction in cardiac vagal tone in animals known to be susceptible to ventricular fibrillation.
Efficacy of tetracyclines in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a review
Authors: T. Simonart, M. Dramaix, V. De Maertelaer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Efficacy of tetracyclines in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a review Get access T. Simonart, T. Simonart Department of Dermatology, Erasme University Hospital, 808 Route de Lennik, B‐1070 Brussels, Belgium Correspondence: T. Simonart. E‐mail: tsimonar@ulb.ac.be Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Dramaix, M. Dramaix Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. De Maertelaer V. De Maertelaer Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 2, 1 February 2008, Pages 208–216, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08286.x Published: 01 February 2008
Hyperkalemia. A prognostic factor during acute severe hypothermia
Authors: M. D. Schaller
Journal: JAMA (1990)

When hypothermic patients appear to be dead, the decision to resuscitate may be difficult due to lack of reliable criteria of death. To discover useful prognostic indicators, we reviewed the hospital charts of nine hypothermic victims of snow avalanches (group A: median value of rectal temperature, 29.6°C; range, &lt;12°C to 34°C) and of 15 patients with hypothermia following acute drug intoxication and/or cold exposure (group B: 28.8°C; range, 25.5°C to 32°C. In group A, plasma potassium level on admission was extremely high (14.5 mmol/L; range, 6.8 to 24.5 mmol/L) compared with that obtained in group B (3.5 mmol/L; range, 2.7 to 5.3 mmol/L). All patients in group A were in cardiorespiratory arrest. None could be successfully resuscitated despite effective rewarming by cardiopulmonary bypass or peritoneal lavage. In contrast, all of the patients in group B recovered from hypothermia, including two in cardiorespiratory arrest. Thus, extreme hyperkalemia during acute hypothermia appears to be a reliable marker of death. It might be used to select those patients in whom heroic resuscitation efforts can be useful. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1842-1845)
Dermatology in Internal Medicine
Authors: Lawrence M. Solomon
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In this text Dr Shuster chose sparingly from a plethora of material, that which was of interest to him. The result is a book modest only in size and price. Those who have heard Dr Shuster or have read his interesting articles should enjoy this text as much as I did. His dynamism, unabashed enthusiasm, and fearless speculation bring alive the essence of pathogenetic mechanisms of certain diseases of the skin. The first chapter consists of an introduction to cutaneous anatomy, relating structure to function. In the second chapter, diseased skin is discussed in a general way, making some strong points against the notion that most cutaneous disorders are psychogenic. Shuster also believes many skin diseases have no systemic cause. I am not as certain as he appears to be about the independence of the skin from other organs. Evidence has begun to incriminate inadequate cellular immunity in even such
Assessment of changes to screening programmes: why randomisation is important
Authors: K. J. L. Bell, P. Bossuyt, P. Glasziou, L. Irwig
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Retention of biological drugs in inflammatory arthritis may be affected from different obvious and unknown factors. It can be related with patient characteritics or disease features. In ankylosing spondylitis (AS), retention rate of biological drugs may be related with extra-articular presentation of AS such as uveitis, as well. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study was to assess whether uveitis affected retention of adalimumab in AS patients in our single center biological cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> Hacettepe University Biological registry is single-center biological registry since 2005. HURBIO had 2165 spondyloarthritis patients of which 1190 patients had AS according to NY criteria. Until now, in 510 of 1190 patients have used adalimumab and 350 of 510 patients had available for uveitis. Patients were assessed for demographic characteristics, disease duration, HLA-B27, DMARD and biological usage, biological switch ratio. Baseline disease activity was assessed with BASDAI, BASFI VAS (pain, fatigue and patients global assessment), ESR and CRP. Patients were compared according to having uveitis or not. Retention rate of adalimumab assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Total 350 (59.4% male) AS patients analyzed. Mean age was 43 (12), mean disease duration and symptom duration were 10.5 (7.8) and 14.8 (9.6) years, respectively. 52 patients (14.8%) had uveitis. Median adalimumab survival time according to having uveitis were 71.9 (95% CI 25.4–118.6) months vs 36.4 (95% CI 23.3–49.4) months (log-rank p=0.014) (figure). Patients with uveitis were more frequently male (18.2% vs 9.8%, p=0.03), HLA-B27 positive (75.0% vs 49.5%, p=0.022). Patients with uveitis had more frequently SpA family history, as well (23.1% vs 10.8%, p=0.003). Age (49 (11) vs 41 (11) years, p&lt;0.001), disease duration (14.4 (10.1) vs 9.8 (7.1) years, p&lt;0.001), and symptom duration (22 (12) vs 14 (8) years, p&lt;0.001) were higher in patients with uveitis. Baseline and last visit disease activities were similar regarding to uveitis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Determination of possible risk factors for retention of TNFi drugs is an important clinical problem for routine practise. It is well known that adalimumab is one of the treatment option for uveitis whether uveitis related with SpA or not. Our biological cohort supported that AS patients with uveitis had better adalimumab survival. For routine practise, adalimumab could be considered for AS patients with uveitis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Case 46-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, H. Richard Tyler, John Q. Trojanowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 27-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of progressive muscular weakness.She was well until two years earlier, when she sustained soft-tissue injury to both legs in a motor-vehicle accident. Skin grafts were applied, and her ambulation gradually improved. Two months before admission she began to experience progressive weakness of the legs and occasionally fell. Intermittent numbness appeared in the right leg; she observed increasing weakness of the upper extremities and often dropped objects held in the left hand. The extremity muscles, particularly in the left arm and right leg, began to twitch, and she . . .