tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Residential Levels of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in California
Authors: Mary H. Ward, Joanne S. Colt, Nicole C. Deziel, Todd P. Whitehead, Peggy Reynolds, Robert B. Gunier, Marcia Nishioka, Gary V. Dahl, Stephen M. Rappaport, Patricia A. Buffler, Catherine Metayer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Background: House dust is a major source of exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are found at high levels in U.S. homes.Methods: We studied 167 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases 0–7 years of age and 214 birth certificate controls matched on date of birth, sex, and race/ethnicity from the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study. In 2001–2007, we sampled carpets in the room where the child spent the most time while awake; we used a high-volume small-surface sampler or we took dust from the home vacuum. We measured concentrations of 14 PBDE congeners including penta (28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154), octa (183, 196, 197, 203), and decaBDEs (206–209). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, income, year of dust collection, and sampling method.Results: BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-209 were found at the highest concentrations (medians, 1,173, 1,579, and 938 ng/g, respectively). Comparing the highest to lowest quartile, we found no association with ALL for summed pentaBDEs (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4, 1.3), octaBDEs (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.3), or decaBDEs (OR = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.8). Comparing homes in the highest concentration (nanograms per gram) tertile to those with no detections, we observed significantly increased ALL risk for BDE-196 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.8), BDE-203 (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.6), BDE-206 (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.9), and BDE-207 (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.8).Conclusion: We found no association with ALL for common PBDEs, but we observed positive associations for specific octa and nonaBDEs. Additional studies with repeated sampling and biological measures would be informative.Citation: Ward MH, Colt JS, Deziel NC, Whitehead TP, Reynolds P, Gunier RB, Nishioka M, Dahl GV, Rappaport SM, Buffler PA, Metayer C. 2014. Residential levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in California. Environ Health Perspect 122:1110–1116; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307602
NADPH Oxidase-1 Plays a Crucial Role in Hyperoxia-induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice
Authors: Stéphanie Carnesecchi, Christine Deffert, Alessandra Pagano, Sarah Garrido-Urbani, Isabelle Métrailler-Ruchonnet, Michela Schäppi, Yves Donati, Michael A. Matthay, Karl-Heinz Krause, Constance Barazzone Argiroffo
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury has been used for many years as a model of oxidative stress mimicking clinical acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Excess quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for oxidative stress-induced lung injury. ROS are produced by mitochondrial chain transport, but also by NADPH oxidase (NOX) family members. Although NOX1 and NOX2 are expressed in the lungs, their precise function has not been determined until now.
Coexisting Commitments to Ethics and Human Research: A Preliminary Study of the Perspectives of 83 Medical Students
Authors: Laura Weiss Roberts, Teddy D. Warner, Katherine A. Green Hammond
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute for Drug Abuse in the form of an R01 grant award for this project (1R01DA13139). The authors would like to thank Ms. Kristin Edenharder, Mr. Mark Talatzko, and Mr. Josh Reiher for their assistance in preparing this manuscript.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS IMMEDIATELY POST-STENT IMPLANTATION AND THEIR CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Koji Kato, Taishi Yonetsu, Lei Xing, Soo Joong Kim, Iris McNulty, Hang Lee, Robert Yeh, Rahul Sakhuja, Shiro Uemura, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Kyoichi Mizuno, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Favorable prognosis of chronic hepatitis C after interferon therapy by long-term cohort study
Authors: Fumio Imazeki, Osamu Yokosuka, Kenichi Fukai, Hiromitsu Saisho
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis C after interferon (IFN) therapy is still poorly defined. The present study evaluated the effect of IFN therapy on survival in a cohort of such patients. The study included 459 patients with biopsy–proven C–viral chronic liver disease who were followed for 8.2 ± 2.9 years (range, 7–183 months). Survival status was examined by medical records or direct questionnaires. Fifteen (14%) of 104 IFN–untreated patients and 33 (9%) of 355 patients treated with IFN died during follow–up. Among the treated patients, 4 (3%) of 116 with sustained virologic response and 29 (12%) of 239 without sustained virologic response died. Liver–related death was shown in 32 (67%) patients, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused 25 (52%) of the 48 deaths. Multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis revealed that IFN treatment decreased the risk ratio for overall death to 0.521 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.263–1.034) and for liver–related death to 0.208 (CI: 0.088–0.495) compared with untreated patients, and sustained virologic response showed a decrease in the risk ratio for overall death to 0.219 (CI: 0.068–0.710) and for liver–related death to 0.030 (CI: 0.003–0.267). IFN treatment showed no association with liver–unrelated death. Furthermore, the standardized mortality ratios for all causes of death and liver–related death were reduced in IFN–treated patients compared with untreated patients (1.4 vs. 2.0 for total death and 7.9 vs. 19.7 for liver–related death). In conclusion, the present data suggest that IFN therapy has a long–term clinical benefit for patients with chronic hepatitis C patients by reducing liver–related death, especially in patients with sustained virologic response.
A Low Rate of Simultaneous Double-Nucleotide Mutations in Primates
Authors: Nick G. C. Smith, Matthew T. Webster, Hans Ellegren
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

The occurrence of double-nucleotide (doublet) mutations is contrary to the normal assumption that point mutations affect single nucleotides. Here we develop a new method for estimating the doublet mutation rate and apply it to more than a megabase of human-chimpanzee-baboon genomic DNA alignments and more than a million human single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The new method accounts for the effect of regional variation in evolutionary rates, which may be a confounding factor in previous estimates of the doublet mutation rate. Furthermore we determine sequence context effects by using sequence comparisons over a variety of lineage lengths. This approach yields a new estimate of the doublet mutation rate of 0.3% of the singleton rate, indicating that doublet mutations are far rarer than previously thought. Our results suggest that doublet mutations are unlikely to have caused the correlation between synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates in mammals, and also show that regional variation and sequence context effects play an important role in primate DNA sequence evolution.
Medical facilities and encounters at the 2010 vancouver winter olympic games
Authors: J Taunton, P Schamasch, M Wilkinson, P Renstrom, L Engebretsen, R Celebrini, R Stewart, T Sasyniuk
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Epidemiological data and logistical details are crucial pieces of information for organisers of medical care at mass sporting events. Objective To outline the medical facilities at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games and to report the epidemiology of medical encounters. Design Prospective descriptive study. Setting Nine competition venues, six non-competition venues and two Polyclinics (Vancouver and Whistler). Medical services were available at all venues. The Polyclinics housed an inter-disciplinary team of health-care professionals. Imaging modalities (including CT and MRI) were on-site at the Polyclinics. Participants 2567 athletes, 82 National Olympic Committees, an estimated 4000 Officials, 25 000 Workforce/Volunteers, 10 000 Performers and 10 000 Media. Medical Services included 1560 volunteers and 19 full-time staff. Assessment Medical encounters were entered into a Medical Encounter Database (ATOS Origin). Games-Time reporting period was February 4th to 28th, inclusive. Computers were located at each Venue. Main outcome measure Medical encounters. Results There were 9038 medical encounters (8198 accredited; 840 spectator). The busiest venues were the Whistler Polyclinic (n=3124) and Vancouver Polyclinic (n=2930). Of the competition venues, the busiest were Whistler Sliding Centre (bobsleigh/luge/skeleton), Canada Hockey Place and Pacific Coliseum (figure skating and short track speed skating). Venues with the greatest number of spectator medical encounters were Canada Hockey Place (n=186), B.C. Place Stadium (Opening/Closing Ceremonies) (n=128) and UBC Sports Centre (hockey) (n=90). Sports with the highest and lowest athlete medical encounters were Alpine Skiing and Nordic Combined, respectively. The majority of encounters were musculoskeletal (MSK) (n=29%). There were 131 ground ambulance transfers and seven air ambulance extractions/transfers resulting in 14 hospital admissions and 43 outpatient visits. Conclusion The majority of medical encounters were seen at the Polyclinics. Although most were MSK, there was a high demand for other disciplines such as Dental and Imaging. Multi-disciplinary Polyclinics equipped with primary and ancillary services are essential at future Games.
Kaposi's sarcoma with primary bone lesions in an HIV-seronegative man
Authors: M. LOMBARDO, G. GIROLOMONI, V. SPINA, G. ZAMBRUNO, A. GIANNETTI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Classic Kaposi's sarcoma, with primary bone lesions, is described in an HIV-seronegative man. The bone involvement, painful lytic lesions in the right leg and both feet, was shown by magnetic resonance and histology not to be contiguous with the skin lesions. Chemotherapy with vinblastine and doxorubicin, significantly reduced the skin and bone lesions, and pain also improved.
Irgm1 protects hematopoietic stem cells by negative regulation of IFN signaling
Authors: Katherine Y. King, Megan T. Baldridge, David C. Weksberg, Stuart M. Chambers, Georgi L. Lukov, Shihua Wu, Nathan C. Boles, Sung Yun Jung, Jun Qin, Dan Liu, Zhou Songyang, N. Tony Eissa, Gregory A. Taylor, Margaret A. Goodell
Journal: Blood (2011)
Langerhans cells that express matrix metalloproteinase 9 increase in human dermis during sensitization to diphenylcyclopropenone in patients with alopecia areata
Authors: L.C. Heffler, A-L. Kastman, G. Jacobsson Ekman, A. Scheynius, J. Fransson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

We know little of the initial events during the sensitization phase of contact allergy in humans. Alopecia areata (AA), a disease of unknown pathogenesis characterized by patchy hair loss, may be treated by inducing contact allergy to diphenylcyclopropenone (DPC), later followed by its topical application.To learn more about the initial events during sensitization in human skin, we studied the early events during induction of contact allergy to DPC in patients with AA.DPC 2% and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) 4% were applied on the backs of eight patients with AA. Punch biopsies were taken 6 and 24 h after application. The biopsies were snap-frozen and cryostat sections were evaluated with immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD1a, HLA-DR, CD3, CD54 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).After 24 h all subjects exhibited erythema on the DPC-treated areas. Histological evaluation of biopsies from these areas showed hydropic degeneration and a significantly increased number of MMP-9+ cells in the dermis (P < 0.0005). The MMP-9+ cells were identified with double immunofluorescence staining as CD1a + Langerhans cells. The expression of the other markers studied remained unaltered irrespective of treatment, including treatment with SLS.Our findings show that DPC induces an irritant reaction leading to an increased number of MMP-9+ CD1a+ cells in the dermis during the initial phase of sensitization.
Vincent Van Gogh And Glaucoma
Authors: G. G. Liddle
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The argument that Van Gogh's "halos" copied sensory changes experienced by the person with glaucoma may be fallacious. He might compensate for loss of intensity of light sense by painting in much brighter colors. Looking at his brightly painted lights, would he not again experience his glaucomatous halos? He did not need to paint them in. El Greco has been supposed by some to have produced his tortuous outlines because of astigmatism. But, the astigmatic would have to draw straight lines to duplicate the curvatures he saw. Thus, the argument that a painter would reproduce nature with artifact seems untenable. More likely, Van Gogh was deliberately being the artist.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in 90 Homosexual Men
Authors: John L. Ziegler, Jay A. Beckstead, Paul A. Volberding, Donald I. Abrams, Alexandra M. Levine, Robert J. Lukes, Parkash S. Gill, Ronald L. Burkes, Paul R. Meyer, Craig E. Metroka, Janet Mouradian, Anne Moore, Shirley A. Riggs, James J. Butler, Fernando C. Cabanillas, Evan Hersh, Guy R. Newell, Linda J. Laubenstein, Daniel Knowles, Chrystia Odajnyk, Bruce Raphael, Benjamin Koziner, Carlos Urmacher, Bayard D. Glarkson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We describe the histologic and clinical features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed between January 1980 and December 1983 in 90 homosexual men from San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, and New York. The median age was 37 years, with an age distribution identical to that for cases of AIDS reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Sixty-two per cent of the patients had high-grade (aggressive) subtypes of lymphoma, 29 per cent had subtypes of intermediate grade, and 7 per cent had low-grade subtypes. Histologic subtypes and malignant cell phenotypes were consistent with a B-cell origin. All but two men had extranodal lymphoma: central-nervous-system, bone-marrow, bowel, and mucocutaneous sites were most commonly involved. Thirty-five of 66 evaluable men (53 per cent) had complete responses to combination chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both, and thus far, 19 (54 per cent) of them have had a relapse. Mortality and morbidity were closely related to prodromal manifestations; death or illness have occurred in 19 (91 per cent) of the 21 men who presented with AIDS, in 26 (79 per cent) of the 33 who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy, and in 5 (42 per cent) of the 12 who had no prodromal manifestations. Mortality rates analyzed according to histologic grade were higher than currently reported rates in other patient populations. Kaposi's sarcoma or severe opportunistic infections characteristic of AIDS developed in 14 of 33 men (42 per cent) who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and in 3 of 12 (33 per cent) without prodromal manifestations. We conclude that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in members of an AIDS risk group is a serious manifestation of AIDS and the AIDS-related complex.
Some Changes in <i>Annals</i>
Authors: Harold C. Sox
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Editorials2 July 2002Some Changes in AnnalsHarold C. Sox, MD, EditorHarold C. Sox, MD, EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-1-200207020-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The beginning of a new volume of Annals is the occasion to tell readers about the changes that we made during the past 6 months. All of these changes ultimately benefit our readers, if only by making Annals a more attractive place for authors to publish their best work.Most of these changes will enable us to publish more material without increasing the number of pages in the print version of Annals. We are limited in the number of pages we publish because each page costs about $25 000 per year, a charge that members of the American College of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 July 2002Volume 137, Issue 1Page: 55KeywordsBreast cancerChemopreventionElectrode recordingLibrariesMovement disordersSoftware tools ePublished: 2 July 2002 Issue Published: 2 July 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A CYTOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VIRAL PAPILLOMA OF HUMAN SKIN
Authors: David P. Bloch, Gabriel C. Godman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

The morphological appearances and some tinctorial properties of the cells of the infectious (viral) papilloma of human skin are described. Pathological alterations of the nuclei of affected cells occur in a definite sequence of stages. In the earliest, and acidophilic Feulgen-negative intranuclear inclusion body is recognizable. Subsequently the inclusion body and nucleus enlarge, there is progressive disorganization of nuclear structure, and the inclusion body then becomes basophilic and stains with the Feulgen reaction. The nucleus finally disappears, leaving the inclusion body in the cell remnant. The relative amounts of Feulgen-colored DNA per cell at each stage in the evolution of the lesion in the infected cells, as well as in normal appearing and hypertrophic cells of the papilloma, were measured microphotometrically in Feulgen preparations. Determinations were made using the "plug" and "two wave length" methods. These are compared with measurements of DNA in cells of the basal and spinous layers of normal human skin. The frequency distribution curves of relative amount of DNA in cells of normal skin, and normal-appearing cells in hyperplastic epithelium, show the bimodal diploid and tetraploid peaks characteristic of growing tissues. Infection of the epidermal cell entails prompt synthesis of DNA in the nucleus. Increased amounts of DNA (tetraploid to 16 ploid levels) are found in the earliest recognizable cytopathological stages of infection and do not increase appreciably during the subsequent evolution of the cellular lesion. At a relatively late stage, all the cellular DNA is relocated ("transferred" or "reassembled") in the inclusion body, and is not further significantly increased in amount. Active formation of DNA in affected cells appears, from these measurements, to occur only in relatively intact nuclei. The inclusion bodies of infected cells are found to contain a relatively basic protein which stains with the alkaline-fast green method for histone.
Atlas of Nuclear Medicine, vol 3: Reticuloendothelial System, Liver, Spleen and Thyroid
Authors: Thomas P. Haynie
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Sir William Osler demonstrated that clinical medicine could best be learned from case presentations on the wards. In this atlas, Osler's academic descendants at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Doctors DeLand and Wagner, have utilized the method of case presentation to demonstrate many points about the usefulness of scintigrams. I find an overpowering attraction in a picture, that interferes with serious consideration for the words written in a well-illustrated volume. However, I did spend considerable time reading the case descriptions and the discussions, and I can recommend this as an educational experience which should not be missed. Just a few of the pearls which can be obtained by reading this volume are the steps in the systematic evaluation of reticuloendothelial system scans; the complementary role of rose bengal, blood pool tracers, and gallium-67 to radiocolloid scanning of the liver; and the value of the pinhole collimator magnification and technetium99m pertechnetate in thyroid
Potential Role for Heat Shock Protein 72 in Antagonizing Cerebral Vasospasm After Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Hirofumi Nikaido, Hiroshi Tsunoda, Yuhei Nishimura, Takaaki Kirino, Toshio Tanaka
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Cerebral vasospasm can be defined as delayed-onset narrowing of the cerebral arteries that can occur after a spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Despite a large number of experimental and clinical investigations, the exact pathophysiology of vasospasm remains unknown. Using a fluorescence differential-display system, we have identified the gene encoding heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) as being highly upregulated by cerebral vasospasm. We therefore elucidated the role of the HSP72 gene in cerebral vasospasm in a rat experimental SAH model.By angiography, cerebral vasospasm was detected from day 1, with maximal narrowing detected on day 2. Intracisternal injection of antisense HSP72 oligodeoxynucleotide led to specific inhibition of HSP72 gene expression and significantly aggravated cerebral vasospasm on days 2 and 3 of the angiographic studies. Oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an antiulcer drug, enhanced HSP72 induction and reduced cerebral vasospasm.These results suggest HSP72 plays a novel role in antagonizing delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH and that GGA provides protective effects against delayed cerebral vasospasm, at least partly via induction of HSP72.
Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Hypochondriasis
Authors: Arthur J. Barsky, David K. Ahern
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Hypochondriasis is a chronic, distressing, and disabling condition that is prevalent in ambulatory medical practice. Until recently, no specific treatment has been clearly demonstrated to be effective.To assess the efficacy of a cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for hypochondriasis.A randomized, usual care control group design, conducted between September 1997 and November 2001. The individual primary care physician was the unit of randomization, and all patients clustered within each physician's practice were assigned to the experimental treatment (individual CBT and a consultation letter to the primary care physician) or to the control condition. Subjects were assessed immediately before and 6 and 12 months after the completion of treatment.Participants were 80 patients from primary care practices and 107 volunteers responding to public announcements, all of whom exceeded a predetermined cutoff score on a hypochondriasis self-report questionnaire on 2 successive occasions.A scripted, 6-session, individual CBT intervention was compared with medical care as usual. The CBT was accompanied by a consultation letter sent to the patient's primary care physician.Hypochondriacal beliefs, fears, attitudes, and somatic symptoms; role function and impairment.A total of 102 individuals were assigned to CBT and 85 were assigned to medical care as usual. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the 2 groups were similar at baseline. Using an intent-to-treat analytic strategy, a consistent pattern of statistically and clinically significant treatment effects was found at both 6- and 12-month follow-up, adjusting for baseline covariates that included educational level, generalized psychiatric distress, and participant status (patient vs volunteer). At 12-month follow-up, CBT patients had significantly lower levels of hypochondriacal symptoms, beliefs, and attitudes (P<.001) and health-related anxiety (P =.009). They also had significantly less impairment of social role functioning (P =.05) and intermediate activities of daily living (P<.001). Hypochondriacal somatic symptoms were not improved significantly by treatment.This brief, individual CBT intervention, developed specifically to alter hypochondriacal thinking and restructure hypochondriacal beliefs, appears to have significant beneficial long-term effects on the symptoms of hypochondriasis.