tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Canagliflozin Compared With Sitagliptin for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Do Not Have Adequate Glycemic Control With Metformin Plus Sulfonylurea
Authors: Guntram Schernthaner, Jorge L. Gross, Julio Rosenstock, Michael Guarisco, Min Fu, Jacqueline Yee, Masato Kawaguchi, William Canovatchel, Gary Meininger
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, compared with sitagliptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin plus sulfonylurea.
Mental disorders, evolution, and inclusive fitness
Authors: Antonio Preti, Paola Miotto
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Grouping severe mental disorders into a global category is likely to lead to a “theory of everything” which forcefully explains everything and nothing. Speculation even at the phenotypic level of the single disorder cannot be fruitful, unless specific and testable models are proposed. Inclusive fitness must be incorporated in such models.
A QUICK METHOD OF FIXATION, DEHYDRATION AND EMBEDDING OF TISSUES
Authors: E. B. Erskine
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The need for quick methods of fixation, dehydration and staining of tissues is evinced by an increasing number of suggestions in the form of articles published. To this number I believe it is my duty to add my contribution, for, since the time factor is conceded to be most important when consistent with practical results, the method in use in the laboratory of the U. S. Naval Hospital requires forty-five minutes for fixation, dehydration, embedding and cutting of fresh tissue. Staining is done by the usual methods or, when greater haste indicates or other considerations suggest it, the Rhamy triple stain method is used. The method is largely the product of the efforts of A. L. Maines, pharmacist's mate first class, working at the U. S. Naval Medical School and in this laboratory. Tissue sections prepared and stained in the following manner during the past three years have been filed
C-KIT, by interacting with the membrane-bound ligand, recruits endothelial progenitor cells to inflamed endothelium
Authors: Patrizia Dentelli, Arturo Rosso, Antonina Balsamo, Sofia Colmenares Benedetto, Annarita Zeoli, Marco Pegoraro, Giovanni Camussi, Luigi Pegoraro, Maria Felice Brizzi
Journal: Blood (2007)
Effects of the Heartbeat Wales programme over five years on behavioural risks for cardiovascular disease: quasi-experimental comparison of results from Wales and a matched reference area
Authors: C. Tudor-Smith, D. Nutbeam, L. Moore, J. Catford
Journal: BMJ (1998)

To assess the net 5 year effects of intervention of a community based demonstration project, the Heartbeat Wales programme, on modifiable behavioural risks for prevention of cardiovascular disease.Quasi-experimental design comparing results from two independent cross sectional population surveys conducted in 1985 and 1990 in Wales and a matched reference area in north east England.Random, stratified samples of people aged 18-64 years (18,538 in 1985 and 13,045 in 1990) in Wales and in north east England (1483 and 4534, respectively).A coordinated range of activities for heart health promotion in Wales entailing public education campaigns along with supportive policy and infrastructure change. In the reference area no additional community heart health promotion was planned, though considerable activity did take place, "contaminating" the reference area.Fifteen self reported behavioural indicators relating to dietary choice, smoking, frequency of exercise, and weight.Positive changes (for health) in behavioural outcomes were observed among the population in Wales, including a reduction in reported smoking prevalence and improvements in dietary choice. There was no net intervention effect for the programme over and above observed change in the reference area.No definite conclusions can be drawn concerning the efficacy of the programme in terms of behavioural outcomes. With hindsight, the difficulties of evaluating such a complex multifaceted intervention were underestimated. Further debate on the most appropriate methods for assessing the effectiveness of community based health promotion programmes is called for.
A new atherosclerotic lesion probe based on hydrophobically modified chitosan nanoparticles functionalized by the atherosclerotic plaque targeted peptides
Authors: Kyeongsoon Park, Hai-Yan Hong, Hyun Jeong Moon, Byung-Heon Lee, In-San Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Kyehan Rhee
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
A Reluctant Surgeon at Sea
Authors: Alvan G. Foraker
Journal: JAMA (1981)

I was a lousy surgeon. A basic lack of manual dexterity plus a profound disinterest in the subject made me reluctant to wield the knife. During my internship in Pittsburgh, and subsequently as a junior medical officer at the US Marine Hospital, Key West, Fla, I assisted at many operations. My nose itched, my back ached, my feet hurt—and I was bored. Finally, I acquired sufficient surgical skill to do a passable appendectomy or hernia repair. But my heart was not in it. In January 1942 I was assigned as medical officer of the icebreaker<i>North Star</i>for duty in Greenland and the North Atlantic. I considered various possible situations that might require surgery at sea. I decided not to do appendectomies except in dire circumstances. My ability as a surgeon was limited. My surgical assistants would be pharmacist's mates, with little operating experience. No professional anesthetist was available. The
Metabolic studies in unaffected co-twins of non-insulin-dependent diabetics.
Authors: A H Barnett, A J Spiliopoulos, D A Pyke, W A Stubbs, J Burrin, K G Alberti
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Forty-eight out of 53 non-insulin-dependent diabetic identical twin pairs were concordant for diabetes. In the five discordant pairs the diabetic twin had only recently been diagnosed. Oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out on the unaffected twins of the five pairs and on matched controls. Fasting concentrations of blood glucose (5.5 +/- 0.6 v 3.7 +/- 0.3 mmol/l; 99.1 +/- 10.8 v 66.6 +/- 5.4 mg/100 ml), haemoglobin A1 (mean 9.1%, range 8.8-9.2% v mean 7.9%, range 7.4-8.4%), lactate, alanine, and glycerol (0.090 +/- 0.017 v 0.045 +/- 0.008 mmol/l); and the lactate: pyruvate ratio were significantly higher in the twins than controls. After glucose challenge blood glucose, lactate, alanine, and glycerol concentrations and lactate: pyruvate ratio were increased in the twins. Insulin response was severely impaired, being almost absent in four of the five twins. The non-diabetic members of the discordant non-insulin-dependent diabetic pairs showed noticeable metabolic abnormalities which would later presumably deteriorate to frank diabetes. These findings, taken with the high concordance rate for non-insulin-dependent diabetic twins, suggest that non-insulin-dependent diabetes is predominantly, possibly entirely, inherited.
RISKS OF LONG-TERM MORTALITY AND MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIO-VASCULAR EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: George Tsoukas, Claudia Blais, Roxanne Gagnon, Denis Hamel, Mark Sherman, Natasha Garfield, Vidal Essebag, Thao Huynh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Reestablishment of Recipient-associated Microbiota in the Lung Allograft Is Linked to Reduced Risk of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome
Authors: Dana L. Willner, Philip Hugenholtz, Stephanie T. Yerkovich, Maxine E. Tan, Joshua N. Daly, Nancy Lachner, Peter M. Hopkins, Daniel C. Chambers
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the primary limiting factor for long-term survival after lung transplantation, and has previously been associated with microbial infections.To cross-sectionally and longitudinally characterize microbial communities in allografts from transplant recipients with and without BOS using a culture-independent method based on high-throughput sequencing.Allografts were sampled by bronchoalveolar lavage, and microbial communities were profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. Community profiles were compared using the weighted Unifrac metric and the relationship between microbial populations, BOS, and other covariates was explored using PERMANOVA and logistic regression.Microbial communities in transplant patients fell into two main groups: those dominated by Pseudomonas or those dominated by Streptococcus and Veillonella, which seem to be mutually exclusive lung microbiomes. Aspergillus culture was also negatively correlated with the Pseudomonas-dominated group. The reestablishment of dominant populations present in patients pretransplant, notably Pseudomonas in individuals with cystic fibrosis, was negatively correlated with BOS.Recolonization of the allograft by Pseudomonas in individuals with cystic fibrosis is not associated with BOS. In general, reestablishment of pretransplant lung populations in the allograft seems to have a protective effect against BOS, whereas de novo acquisition of microbial populations often belonging to the same genera may increase the risk of BOS.
ET-14 * OPTIMISATION OF BORONOPHENYLALANINE (BPA) DELIVERY AND LAT1 EXPRESSION FOR THE CLINICAL APPLICATION OF BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY (BNCT) IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: G. Cruickshank, A. Detta, S. Green, N. Lockyer, D. Ngoga, Z. Ghani, B. Phoenix
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BNCT is a biologically targeted radiotherapy where preferential boron uptake interacts with a neutron beam in cancerous cells causing irreparable alpha DNA damage. This requires the delivery of at least 30 parts per million (ppm) of 10B into tumour tissue and  30ppm boron) indicates potential BNCT targeting after surgery. Tumour boron uptake is governed by LAT-1 behaviour rather than BBB penetration and explains previous variable clinical results, whilst supporting the LAT1 determined selection of patients for BNCT
Parathion Poisoning Successfully Treated with 2-PAM (Pralidoxime Chloride)
Authors: Harold Jacobziner, Harry W. Raybin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

SINCE the report of Kewitz, Wilson and Nachmansohn,1 a considerable literature has appeared on the action of 2-PAM (2-pyridinealdoxime methiodide) as an agent that will regenerate cholinesterase previously inhibited by organic phosphorous compounds and as an antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning in laboratory animals. This drug has recently been made available on an experimental basis in the form of chloride. It is active in animals against many different poisons such as parathion, TEPP, DFP, Tebun, Sarin, Diazinon but is by no means equally effective against them all. 2-PAM is also potentially valuable for treating casualties due to chemical-warfare agents.Case Report . . .
ADVANCES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF STRABISMUS.
Authors: EDMOND LANDOLT
Journal: JAMA (1899)

It was with genuine pleasure that I received an invitation to present a paper on the "Surgical Treatment of Strabismus" at this meeting of theAmerican Medical Association. Nothing could be more desirable to me than an opportunity of referring to this subject, which has interested me for so many years, before a new and receptive audience. This is not the first time that I have had the honor of discussing strabotomy with you. At the International Medical Congress, held in 1887 at Washington, D. C., I laid before you some of my ideas on the subject. The
Human eosinophils can express the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha.
Authors: J J Costa, K Matossian, M B Resnick, W J Beil, D T Wong, J R Gordon, A M Dvorak, P F Weller, S J Galli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

By in situ hybridization, 44-100% of the blood eosinophils from five patients with hypereosinophilia and four normal subjects exhibited intense hybridization signals for TNF-alpha mRNA. TNF-alpha protein was detectable by immunohistochemistry in blood eosinophils of hypereosinophilic subjects, and purified blood eosinophils from three atopic donors exhibited cycloheximide-inhibitable spontaneous release of TNF-alpha in vitro. Many blood eosinophils (39-91%) from hypereosinophilic donors exhibited intense labeling for macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) mRNA, whereas eosinophils of normal donors demonstrated only weak or undetectable hybridization signals for MIP-1 alpha mRNA. Most tissue eosinophils infiltrating nasal polyps were strongly positive for both TNF-alpha and MIP-1 alpha mRNA. By Northern blot analysis, highly enriched blood eosinophils from a patient with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome exhibited differential expression of TNF-alpha and MIP-1 alpha mRNA. These findings indicate that human eosinophils represent a potential source of TNF-alpha and MIP-1 alpha, that levels of expression of mRNA for both cytokines are high in the blood eosinophils of hypereosinophilic donors and in eosinophils infiltrating nasal polyps, that the eosinophils of normal subjects express higher levels of TNF-alpha than MIP-1 alpha mRNA, and that eosinophils purified from the blood of atopic donors can release TNF-alpha in vitro.
The Lumleian Lectures on Heart Inflammation in Children: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians
Authors: O. Sturges
Journal: BMJ (1894)

Ililt'tillill',r 441 dou)!id(-' 111lls;l);)Il the* p)i.''Wi S.-Ii fl (d })1''l - t,i, a 0 i t !, I t14 Io n I, I iI, -(.,I '--t I * , '-ll}) i t )J
THE CODE OF ETHICS.
Authors: Henry D. Didama
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NFκB-Activated Astroglial Release of Complement C3 Compromises Neuronal Morphology and Function Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hong Lian, Li Yang, Allysa Cole, Lu Sun, Angie C.-A. Chiang, Stephanie W. Fowler, David J. Shim, Jennifer Rodriguez-Rivera, Giulio Taglialatela, Joanna L. Jankowsky, Hui-Chen Lu, Hui Zheng
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Massive Unilateral Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: ARTHUR A. COHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

A patient with massive unilateral pulmonary fibrosis showed pathological evidence of dense organized fibrous tissue with patent pulmonary arteries and veins traversing the areas of dense fibrosis. A few of the bronchioles were occluded with organized fibrous tissue, although most were patent. Preoperative physiologic evaluation showed hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary angiograms demonstrated decreased but definite perfusion of the fibrotic lung which was undetected by radioisotopic techniques. Resection of the fibrotic lung was associated with a significant improvement in arterial oxygen tension and a lowering of the pulmonary artery pressure.
Studies on Water Excretion Following Intravenous Hydration and the Administration of Pitressin or Nicotine in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: IRWIN B. HANENSON, BERNARD GOLUBOFF, JACOB GROSSMAN, RAYMOND E. WESTON, LOUIS LEITER
Journal: Circulation (1956)

The diuretic response to intravenous infusions of 5 per cent glucose in water and the antidiuretic response to intravenous injections of nicotine salicylate and aqueous Pitressin, during maximal water diuresis, were studied in normal subjects and patients in congestive failure of varying severity. Patients in moderately severe congestive failure exhibited normal diuretic responses during the periods of intravenous hydration and normal antidiuretic responses following nicotine or Pitressin injections. Patients in more severe congestive failure failed to achieve comparable diuretic responses, following intravenous hydration; in the course of this, signs of increasing congestive failure developed, which were associated with further decrease in urine flows, at times, without any further decrease in renal hemodynamics. These studies confirm the impression that patients in moderate congestive failure have neither increased sensitivity to, nor reduced ability to, inactivate endogenous or exogenous antidiuretic hormone. In addition, the observation, that patients in more severe failure do not achieve adequate water diuresis during intravenous hydration, suggests that sustained production of antidiuretic production, independent of normal osmoreceptor control, may be contributing to their fluid retention.
Hyperbaric oxygen for patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: J. C Davis
Journal: BMJ (1984)

few years and the masterly way with which the collaboration of some 3000 researchers from 126 countries has been carried out with a modest budget of $30 m.One of the diseases mentioned by Professor Webb and to which the special programme pays great attention is malaria.I have been concerned in the study and control of malaria for the past 45 years and should like to comment on the letters by Dr Mary Brennan (26 May, p 1611) and Dr P C Kennerly (26 May, p 1612).Both reflect under- standable disappointment at the failure to eradicate malaria and hope that either money "to implement the programme to eradicate malaria" or "the engineering of a malaria vaccine" will solve the
Myocardial catecholamine and neuropeptide Y depletion in failing ventricles of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Correlation with beta-adrenergic receptor downregulation.
Authors: F L Anderson, J D Port, B B Reid, P Larrabee, G Hanson, M R Bristow
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Myocardial adrenergic neurotransmitters and beta-adrenergic receptor levels were measured in left and right ventricular myocardial specimens obtained from 30 patients with biventricular failure resulting from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS Nonfailing myocardium obtained from 12 organ donors provided control data. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and neuropeptide Y concentrations were significantly decreased in failing compared with nonfailing control hearts. The mean ratio of dopamine to norepinephrine and of dopamine to neuropeptide Y in failing hearts was also significantly decreased compared with nonfailing control hearts. Compared with nonfailing control hearts, Bmax and beta 1-receptor density were significantly decreased in failing hearts and there were weak but significantly positive correlations of Bmax and beta 1-adrenergic receptors with norepinephrine, dopamine, and neuropeptide Y. CONCLUSIONS Norepinephrine and its cotransmitter neuropeptide Y are depleted in failing human ventricular myocardium. Decreased norepinephrine stores correlate weakly with beta 1-adrenergic receptor downregulation consistent with the hypothesis that norepinephrine depletion occurs in response to increased adrenergic drive. Decreased dopamine relative to norepinephrine implies that an abnormality of dopamine conversion to norepinephrine is not present in failing human heart.
A personalized, cellular phone text-messaging program increased smoking cessation at 6 months
Authors: Charles J. Bentz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club18 October 2011A personalized, cellular phone text-messaging program increased smoking cessation at 6 monthsCharles J. Bentz, MD, FACPCharles J. Bentz, MD, FACPTobacco Cessation and Prevention, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, USA (C.J.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-02004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationFree C, Knight R, Robertson S, et al. Smoking cessation support delivered via mobile phone text messaging (txt2stop): a single-blind, randomised trial. Lancet. 2011;378:49-55. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21722952Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: References1 Smith A. Mobile Access 2010, Pew Internet and American Life Project. 2010;p 4-5. www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/Mobile-Access-2010/Summary-of-Findings.aspx (accessed 20 Aug 11). Google Scholar2 Fiore MC, Jaén CR, Baker TB, et al. Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. May 2008. www.surgeongeneral.gov/tobacco/treating_tobacco_use08.pdf (accessed 20 Aug 11). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Charles J. Bentz, MD, FACPAffiliations: Tobacco Cessation and Prevention, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, USA (C.J.B.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 October 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 October 2011Volume 155, Issue 8Page: JC4-4KeywordsAge groupsBehaviorCarbon monoxideDatabasesHealth services researchHygieneIntent to treat analysisNumber needed to treatResearch fundingSmoking cessation ePublished: 18 October 2011 Issue Published: 18 October 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Regional abnormalities of myocardial deformation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: correlations with delayed enhancement in cardiac magnetic resonance
Authors: Stefano Ghio, Miriam Revera, Francesca Mori, Catherine Klersy, Arturo Raisaro, Claudia Raineri, Alessandra Serio, Michele Pasotti, Luigi Oltrona Visconti
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Prediction of left ventricular mass changes after renal transplantation by polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene
Authors: Domingo Hernández, Juan Lacalzada, Margarita Rufino, Armando Torres, Natalia Martín, Antonio Barragán, Ysamar Barrios, Manuel Macía, Eduardo De Bonis, Víctor Lorenzo, Aurelio Rodríguez, Jose Manuel González-Posada, Eduardo Salido
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE THYMUS IN "NUDE" MICE
Authors: Henry H. Wortis, Sandra Nehlsen, John J. Owen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Nude mice bearing grafts of normal thymus reject skin grafts and have low, but higher than usual, lymphocyte counts. Nude bone marrow can successfully repopulate the thymus and thymus-derived areas of lethelly irradiated recipient mice. Attempts to reconstitute nude mice with normal fetal liver failed. The so-called thymic rudiment of nude mice when grafted to normal mice did not develop thymocytes. These experiments show that nude mice suffer from a defect of the epithelial portion of the thymus rather than of the precursors of thymocytes.