tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Episodic Pain in the Thigh
Authors: Lawrence M. Kotner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Dr. Jason Birnholz: The patient is a 37-year-old mother of five children who entered the hospital because of pain in the right thigh of two years' duration, occurring every four to six months. Between attacks of pain, the patient was entirely asymptomatic. The thigh pain was exacerbated by walking but was not relieved by rest. The pain seemed to originate in the right thigh and to radiate down to the foot and up to the buttock. On physical examination the only positive finding was that the circumference of the right thigh was 2 cm greater than the left.  Discussion  Dr. Spencer Borden IV: There is a diffuse process involving the proximal two thirds of the right femur (Fig 1). There is loss of the normal border between cortex and marrow space. The bone is expanded in the proximal portion with periosteal thickening and new bone formation. There is mottled lucency
Trends in ethical and legal frameworks for the use of human biobanks
Authors: A. Cambon-Thomsen, E. Rial-Sebbag, B. M. Knoppers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Numerous studies of genetic epidemiology and post-genomics in respiratory diseases rely on the use of biobanks, defined as organised biological sample collections with associated personal and clinical data. The use of biobanks is increasing and raises several ethical issues. What are the ethical trends and legal frameworks in the post-genomic era? Are there new issues in relation to the developments of techniques and new study designs? How does this affect the clinician’s attitudes and relationship with the patients? The main ethical issues encountered are: informed consent; confidentiality; secondary use of samples and data over time; return of results; and data sharing. Different levels and modalities of dealing with such issues are identified and vary from legally binding measures to “soft” regulations, such as ethical recommendations by various committees or professional organisations. A further level of complexity appears with the increasing international dimension of such activities in a context in which national positions vary on those topics. There is a tension between a necessary level of diversity in ethical positions and an indispensable common pedestal of principles and procedures to manage these issues in order to foster research. Current legal and ethical trends favour the facilitation of secondary use of samples, more biobank openness, balanced with a growing attention to dialogue and public/stakeholder consultation, an increased role for research ethics committees and more sophisticated data protection and governance structures.
Quality of Institutional Participation in Multicenter Clinical Trials
Authors: R.J. Sylvester, H.M. Pinedo, M. de Pauw, M.J. Staquet, M.E. Buyse, J. Renard, G. Bonadonna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

We studied the relation between an institution's degree of participation in a multicenter clinical trial and the quality of its participation. The quality of participation was judged on the basis of the percentage of patients entered into the trial who were in fact eligible, who were treated in accordance with the protocol, and for whom the appropriate forms were received. Those who satisfied these criteria were termed "valid" patients. Institutions were divided into two groups, "major participants" and "minor participants," according to the number of patients they entered in the trial. In a detailed analysis of a multicenter trial of chemotherapy for soft-tissue sarcoma, we found that major participants had a significantly higher percentage of valid patients than did minor participants (81 per cent vs. 39 per cent) and that the minor participants were actually detrimental to the study from both scientific and administrative viewpoints. These results suggest that institutions should not participate in multicenter studies unless they can enter some predetermined minimal number of patients per year.
Abuse of pentazocine.
Authors: A King, T A Betts
Journal: BMJ (1978)

therefore, 3-MSH produced by sources such as the placenta masks any contribution from fetal nervous tissue.Possibly, however, the concentration of related peptides produced by the nervous tissue, such as xe-MSH or enkephalin and endorphin, may be raised in the amniotic fluid associated with a fetal neural tube defect, and we are now examining this possibility.
Gene therapy to be authorised for first time in EU
Authors: G. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The European Medicines Agency has recommended that alipogene tiparvovec (marketed as Glybera) be authorised for sale in the European Union. Intended to treat lipoprotein lipase deficiency in patients with severe pancreatitis, it is the first gene therapy in Europe to be recommended for this status and is yet to be approved in the United States.

The deficiency is a genetic disorder thought to affect no more than one or two people in a million. The new treatment relies on an adeno-associated virus to deliver functional copies of the lipoprotein lipase gene to the body’s muscle cells.

“It’s fantastic news …
"Cured" Cases of Otitis Media
Authors: J. A. Dunkelberger
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Nit-picking aside, something is wrong with the current management of otitis media in children, contrary to Dr. Heller's comments (<b>197</b>:591, 1966) Why are we seeing so many "cured" cases, with fixed drums and deafness? Why so much chronic otorrhea with permanent perforations in drums that never saw a myringotome? Are we too satisfied with half-way technique and therapy? I make these statements in defense of the patient.
262 Therapeutic benefit of a combination of transarterial chemo-lipiodolization and systemic chemo-infusion for huge hepatocellular carcinoma invading portal vein in comparison with conservative management
Authors: J.W. Jang, S.H. Bae, J.Y. Choi, C.W. Kim, U.I. Chang, N.I. Han, S.W. Choi, Y.S. Lee, S.B. Cha, S.K. Yoon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
OsLG1 regulates a closed panicle trait in domesticated rice
Authors: Takashige Ishii, Koji Numaguchi, Kotaro Miura, Kentaro Yoshida, Pham Thien Thanh, Than Myint Htun, Masanori Yamasaki, Norio Komeda, Takashi Matsumoto, Ryohei Terauchi, Ryo Ishikawa, Motoyuki Ashikari
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Essentials of Urography
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This handbook on the techniques, uses, and interpretation of urography (intravenous pyelography) is grounded in the experience of a major teaching center and constitutes a reliable guide for the uninitiated. Dr. Lalli demonstrates— and quite rightly stresses—the important point that the examination can be tailored to the requirements of the problem in hand; this includes the subsidiary point that uremia does not necessarily preclude informative urography.  Dr. Lalli surveys the common lesions and others less common. The x-ray reproductions are numerous and distinct. However, Dr. Lalli's sound instruction would have been well served by textual revision. Conventional pedantic formality, digression, inaccurate English, and verbosity weaken a text that is academically scrupulous. In discussing the differential diagnosis of urographic findings, Dr. Lalli frustrates the reader with references to other radiologic modalities, which his title excludes from this book. Perhaps in a second edition he will survey all methods of radiologic study
Failure to Isolate Viral Agents from Bone-marrows of Children with Acute Leukaemia
Authors: C. F. Phillips, M. Benyesh-Melnick, E. H. Seidel, D. J. Fernbach
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Foctal Insulin Secretion-Milner and Hales MEDLBRITISHRNAt in 17 patients who received glucose infusions and 30 patients who received 25 g. of glucose by rapid intravenous injection at intervals of from 4 to 100 minutes before delivery.After a rise in maternal blood-sugar concentration, whether induced by intravenous infusion or by a single injection of glucose, there was a rise in the foetal blood-sugar and plasma-insulin con- centration.The rise in the foetal plasma-insulin concentration could be detected within 20 minutes of a rapid intravenous injection of glucose ; it rose with time for over an hour, and 60 to 100 minutes after injection reached a mean concentration which was three times that of the control foetal plasma.This rise is probably the result of foetal pancreatic stimulation due to the rise of foetal blood-sugar concentration.We wish to thank Mr. 0. Lloyd and Miss J. Bottomley for per- mission to study patients under their care at the Maternity Hospital, Cambridge, and particularly the labour ward staff for their co-opera- tion.We are indebted to the staff of the John Bonnett Laboratories, Addenhrooke's Hospital, who performed the blood-sugar estima- tions ; to Miss Dalton, of the Department of
Central Pain Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Devi E. Nampiaparampil
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sustained clinical efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Malawi after 10 years as first line treatment: five year prospective study
Authors: Christopher V Plowe, James G Kublin, Fraction K Dzinjalamala, Deborah S Kamwendo, Phillips Chimpeni, Malcolm E Molyneux, Terrie E Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To measure the efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment of falciparum malaria in Malawi from 1998 to 2002, after a change from chloroquine to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as first line treatment in that country in 1993. <b>Design</b> Prospective open label drug efficacy study. <b>Setting</b> Health centre in large peri-urban township adjacent to Blantyre, Malawi. <b>Participants</b> People presenting to a health centre with uncomplicated <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Therapeutic efficacy and parasitological resistance to standard sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment at 14 days and 28 days of follow up. <b>Results</b> Therapeutic efficacy remained stable, with adequate clinical response rates of 80% or higher throughout the five years of the study. Analysis of follow up to 28 days showed modest but significant trends towards diminishing clinical and parasitological efficacy over time within the study period. <b>Conclusion</b> Contrary to expectations, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has retained good efficacy after 10 years as the first line antimalarial drug in Malawi. African countries with very low chloroquine efficacy, high sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine efficacy, and no other immediately available alternatives may benefit from interim use of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine while awaiting implementation of combination antimalarial treatments.
281 SAFETY AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF A NOVEL HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY DIRECTED AGAINST THE E2 GLYCOPROTEIN OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (MBL-HCV1) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
Authors: B.A. Leav, S. Sloan, B.M. Blair, P. Cheslock, M. Knauber, D.M. Ambrosino, D.C. Molrine
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Long-term safety of anti-TNF treatment in patients with rheumatic diseases and chronic or resolved hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: D. Vassilopoulos, A. Apostolopoulou, E. Hadziyannis, G. V. Papatheodoridis, S. Manolakopoulos, J. Koskinas, E. K. Manesis, A. I. Archimandritis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this prospective study was to examine the safety of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in patients with rheumatic disease and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. <h3>Methods</h3> 14 patients with chronic HBV infection, 19 HBV-vaccinated patients and 19 patients with resolved HBV infection were included in the study. All HBV-infected patients received combination therapy with oral antivirals and anti-TNF agents. During treatment the levels of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) in HBV-vaccinated patients and of serum HBV DNA in patients with chronic or resolved HBV infection were monitored. <h3>Results</h3> No viral reactivation was observed in patients with resolved HBV infection while anti-HBs titres decreased during anti-TNF treatment in vaccinated patients, similarly to patients treated with methotrexate alone. None of the HBV-infected patients developed liver decompensation or a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase levels. One patient (7%) treated with lamivudine and etanercept showed viral reactivation due to the emergence of a lamivudine-resistant mutant strain. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-TNF agents represent a safe option for patients with chronic HBV infection when combined with antiviral therapy, as well as in patients previously exposed to HBV receiving no HBV prophylaxis. Resistant HBV strains may arise in patients with chronic hepatitis B, necessitating the initial use of anti-HBV agents with a low risk of resistance.
Direct Intramyocardial But Not Intracoronary Injection of Bone Marrow Cells Induces Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Rat Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure Model
Authors: Satsuki Fukushima, Anabel Varela-Carver, Steven R. Coppen, Kenichi Yamahara, Leanne E. Felkin, Joon Lee, Paul J.R. Barton, Cesare M.N. Terracciano, Magdi H. Yacoub, Ken Suzuki
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow (BM) cell injection for treating ischemic chronic heart failure has not been established. In addition, experimental data are lacking on arrhythmia occurrence after BM cell injection. We hypothesized that therapeutic efficacy and arrhythmia occurrence induced by BM cell injection may be affected by the cell delivery route.Three weeks after left coronary artery ligation, wild-type female rats were injected with 1x10(7) mononuclear BM cells derived from green fluorescent protein-transgenic male rats through either a direct intramyocardial or a retrograde intracoronary route. Both intramyocardial and intracoronary injection of BM cells demonstrated similar improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction measured by echocardiography and a similar graft size analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction for the Y chromosome-specific Sry gene. Noticeably, intramyocardial injection of BM cells induced frequent ventricular premature contractions (108+/-73 per hour at 7 days after BM cell injection), including multiform, consecutive ventricular premature contractions and ventricular tachycardia for the initial 14 days; intracoronary injection of BM cells and intramyocardial injection of phosphate-buffered saline rarely induced arrhythmias. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that intramyocardial BM cell injection formed distinct cell clusters containing donor-derived cells and accumulated host-derived inflammatory cells in the infarct border zone, whereas intracoronary BM cell injection provided more homogeneous donor cell dissemination with less inflammation and without disrupting the native myocardial structure.BM cell injection is able to improve cardiac function in ischemic chronic heart failure but has a risk of arrhythmia occurrence when the intramyocardial route is used. Such arrhythmias may be prevented by using the intracoronary route.
Angiographic Assessment of Myocardial Reperfusion in Patients Treated With Primary Angioplasty for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Arnoud W.J. van ‘t Hof, Aylee Liem, Harry Suryapranata, Jan C.A. Hoorntje, Menko-Jan de Boer, Felix Zijlstra
Journal: Circulation (1998)

The primary objective of reperfusion therapies for acute myocardial infarction is not only restoration of blood flow in the epicardial coronary artery but also complete and sustained reperfusion of the infarcted part of the myocardium.We studied 777 patients who underwent primary coronary angioplasty during a 6-year period and investigated the value of angiographic evidence of myocardial reperfusion (myocardial blush grade) in relation to the extent of ST-segment elevation resolution, enzymatic infarct size, left ventricular function, and long-term mortality. The myocardial blush immediately after the angioplasty procedure was graded by two experienced investigators, who were otherwise blinded to all clinical data: 0, no myocardial blush; 1, minimal myocardial blush; 2, moderate myocardial blush; and 3, normal myocardial blush. The myocardial blush was related to the extent of the early ST-segment elevation resolution on the 12-lead ECG. Patients with blush grades 3, 2, and 0/1 had enzymatic infarct sizes of 757, 1143, and 1623 (P<0.0001), respectively, and ejection fractions of 50%, 46%, and 39%, respectively (P<0.0001). After a mean+/-SD follow-up of 1.9+/-1.7 years, mortality rates of patients with myocardial blush grades 3, 2, and 0/1 were 3%, 6%, and 23% (P<0.0001), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the myocardial blush grade was a predictor of long-term mortality, independent of Killip class, Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade flow, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and other clinical variables.In patients after reperfusion therapy, the myocardial blush grade as seen on the coronary angiogram can be used to describe the effectiveness of myocardial reperfusion and is an independent predictor of long-term mortality.
NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukaemia occurring in JAK2-V617F+ primary myelofibrosis: de-novo origin?
Authors: L Pasqualucci, S Li, G Meloni, S Schnittger, S Gattenlohner, A Liso, M Di Ianni, M P Martelli, E Pescarmona, R Foa, T Haferlach, R C Skoda, B Falini
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Major histocompatibility complex-restricted, polyclonal B cell responses resulting from helper T cell recognition of antiimmunoglobulin presented by small B lymphocytes.
Authors: H P Tony, D C Parker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

Anti-Ig has been widely used as a model for antigen receptor-mediated B cell activation. B cells activated with mitogenic concentrations of anti-Ig (approximately 10 micrograms/ml) become responsive to a set of T cell-derived, antigen-nonspecific helper factors that enable the B cells to proliferate, and, in some cases, mature to Ig secretion. In the present experiments, we show that anti-Ig can also be used as a model for major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, antigen-specific T-B cell collaboration. We used murine helper T cell lines and T cell hybridomas specific for a protein antigen, the F(ab')2 fragment of normal rabbit IgG. Small B cells are very efficient at presenting rabbit anti-IgM or rabbit anti-IgD to these rabbit Ig-specific T cell lines and hybridomas, and the responding (initially) small B cells, appear to be the only antigen-presenting cells required. Efficient presentation depends upon binding of rabbit antibody to mIg on the B cell surface. MHC-restricted recognition of rabbit Ig determinants on the B cell surface results in a polyclonal B cell response. This response is qualitatively different from the well-studied response to blastogenic concentrations of anti-Ig plus stable, T cell-derived helper factors, since it (a) requires 1,000-fold lower concentrations of anti-Ig, (b) involves helper T cell functions other than, or in addition to, the local production of the same stable helper factors, and (c) is largely MHC-restricted at the T-B cell level.
Screening and surveillance of patients at high risk for malignant melanoma result in detection of earlier disease
Authors: Gayle D. Masri, Wallace H. Clark, DuPont Guerry, Allan Halpern, C. Jean Thompson, David E. Elder
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)

Screening, surveillance, and educational programs have been recommended for members of hereditary melanoma kindreds with dysplastic nevi, who are at very high risk for melanoma. For melanomas detected in a surveillance program offered to 555 such persons, the average thickness was 0.52 mm for 28 surveillance incident melanomas, 0.55 mm for 64 nonsurveil-lance incident melanomas, and 1.44 mm for 48 index lesions (p<0.001). The proportion of cases with level I or II invasion was 60.8%, 58.3%, and 36.2% respectively (p=0.002). The nonsurveillance incident melanomas were diagnosed before entry into the surveillance program, but these patients were presumably aware of the earlier occurrence of two index melanomas in their families. These findings are consistent with a favorable effect of surveillance and education in a high-risk population and suggest that patient factors as well as physician factors may contribute to early diagnosis.
Termination of Paroxysmal Junctional Tachycardia by Right Ventricular Stimulation
Authors: HOWARD J. ZEFT, RONALD L. MCGOWAN
Journal: Circulation (1969)

This report documents the use of right ventricular stimulation in the termination of a rapid junctional tachycardia. The tachycardia developed in the background setting of heart block and bradycardia. Right ventricular stimulation was effective at 94/min, a rate considerably slower than that of the tachycardia. Analysis of pacemaker stimuli during the tachycardia defined ventricular refractory and excitable periods. Within the ventricular excitable period there was a critical time interval during which stimulation produced premature ventricular depolarization and abrupt termination of the tachycardia. These findings support the hypothesis that junctional tachycardias in the absence of the Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome may be sustained by reentry mechanisms. Moreover, right ventricular stimulation may be a valuable therapeutic adjunct in the treatment of such tachycardias.
Our relationship with poo
Authors: Mary E Black
Journal: BMJ (2012)

I have moved back to live in east London and am gutting my Victorian terraced house in newly fashionable Bow, just a short bike ride from the stadium soon to be used for the Olympic and Paralympic games. I am getting acquainted with my Victorian lead water pipes, well preserved sewers, and the occasional coin left by the builders in 1858. That was the year of the “great stink,” when the smell of raw sewage was so overpowering in central London that curtains soaked in chloride of lime were draped across …