tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In vitro evidence for the presence of hematopoietic stem cells in the adult human liver
Authors: Orla M. Crosbie, Maura Reynolds, Gerry McEntee, Oscar Traynor, John E. Hegarty, Cliona O'Farrelly
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Previous studies have identified novel lymphoid phenotypes in the adult human liver and provided evidence to suggest that lymphoid differentiation can occur locally in this organ. The aim of this study was to examine the adult human liver for the presence of hematopoietic stem cells that may provide the necessary precursor population for local hematopoietic and lymphoid differentiation. Hepatic mononuclear cells (HMNC) were extracted from normal adult liver biopsy specimens using a combination of mechanical disruption and enzymatic digestion. The stem cell marker CD34 was found on 0.81% to 2.35% of isolated HMNCs by flow cytometry. CD34 + HMNCs were positively selected using magnetically labeled beads, and the enriched population was further examined for surface markers characteristically expressed by immature hematopoietic cells and early progenitors. CD45 was expressed by 49% (±23%) of CD34 + HMNCs, indicating their hematopoietic origin. CD38, one of the first markers to be expressed by developing progenitor cells was found on 50% (±22%) of CD34 + HMNCs indicating the presence of both pluripotent stem cells and committed precursors. The majority (90%) of CD34 + HMNCs coexpressed the activation marker human leukocyte antigen DR, consistent with actively cycling cells. Functional maturation of these hepatic progenitors was shown by the detection of multilineage hematopoietic colony formation after tissue culture. Erythroid (BFU–E), granuloctye–monocyte (CFU–GM), and mixed colonies (CFU–GEMM) were detected after culture of unseparated HMNCs and the enriched CD34 + HMNC population; 14.3 ± 13.2 (mean ± SD) BFU–E, 3.1 ± 3.1 CFU–GM, and 0.4 ± 0.9 CFU–GEMM per 1 × 10 5 unseparated HMNCs and 16.0 ± 9.5 BFU–E and 1.7 ± 0.9 CFU–GM were identified per 2.4 × 10 3 CD34 + HMNCs plated. The detection of surface markers characteristic of immature hematopoietic cells and colony formation in tissue culture provides evidence for the presence of hematopoietic stem cells and early progenitor cells in the adult human liver. This would suggest that the adult human liver continues to contribute to hematopoiesis and may be an important site for the differentiation of lymphohematopoietic cells involved in disease states, such as autoimmune hepatitis and graft rejection after liver transplantation
Reuse of flow-directed balloon-tipped catheters.
Authors: L Butler, L I Worthly
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Reuse of flow-directed balloon-tipped cathetersRight heart catheterisation using a flow-directed, balloon-tipped catheter has become almost standard practice in the management of patients with acute cardiovascular and respiratory failure and is one of the reasons for the high cost of treating the critically ill.While some balloon catheters are designed for single use only, the Edwards Laboratories balloon flotation catheters may be resterilised with ethylene oxide and reused, thereby reducing costs.Compared with new catheters resterilised catheters are less rigid and have an increased incidence of balloon rupture.Without the balloon tip the catheter cannot be floated easily into the pulmonary artery and pulmonary arterial occlusion pressures cannot be measured.To determine the optimum number of times these catheters could be sterilised and reused before the balloon ruptured we resterilised with ethylene oxide 50 consecutive flow-directed balloon tipped catheters and used them until the balloon finally ruptured.
Rimantadine and Seizures
Authors: David W. Bentley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 February 1989Rimantadine and SeizuresDavid W. Bentley, MD, Shyam D. Karki, PharmD, Robert F. Betts, MDDavid W. Bentley, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Shyam D. Karki, PharmDSearch for more papers by this author, Robert F. Betts, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-4-323_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The withdrawal of anticonvulsant drugs in patients free of seizures for more than 2 years has been recommended recently (1). Because of similar concerns about the long-term toxic effects of the anticonvulsant drugs, we have begun to withdraw treatment from selected patients in nursing homes whom we have seen at our hospital for chronic diseases. During a recent prospective, double-blind trial of rimantadine hydrochloride to prevent influenza A infection, two patients developed seizures. We emphasize the risk of influenza chemoprophylaxis for induction of seizures in the seizure-prone patient.A 39-year-old man with cerebral palsy and mental retardation...References1. Juul-Jensen P. Frequency of recurrence after discontinuance of anticonvulsant therapy in patients with epileptic seizures: new follow-up study after 5 years. Epilepsia. 1968;9:11-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. . Prevention and control of influenza. MMWR. 1987;36:373-91. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. AtkinsonArdenPatriarca WNP. Amantadine prophylaxis during an institutional outbreak of type A (H1N1) influenza. Arch Intern Med. 1986;146:1751-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DolinReichmanMadore RRH. A controlled trial of amantadine and rimantadine in the prophylaxis of influenza A infection. N Engl J Med. 1982;9:580-4. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. PatriarcaKaterKendal PNA. Safety of prolonged administration of rimantadine hydrochloride in the prophylaxis of influenza A virus infections in nursing homes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984;7:101-3. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David W. Bentley, MD; Shyam D. Karki, PharmD; Robert F. Betts, MDAffiliations: Monroe Community Hospital University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester, NY 14603 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySeizure with Ciprofloxacin and Theophylline Combined Therapy 15 February 1989Volume 110, Issue 4Page: 323-324KeywordsAnticonvulsantsCerebral palsyChemopreventionEpileptic seizuresIntellectual disabilityNursing homes ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 February 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gene transfer vectors based on Sendai virus
Authors: Mahito Nakanishi, Hiroyuki Mizuguchia, Ken-ichi Ashihara, Takao Senda, Teruo Akuta, Jun Okabe, Emi Nagoshi, Akinori Masago, Akiko Eguchi, Yosuke Suzuki, Hachiro Inokuchi, Akiko Watabe, Shigeharu Ueda, Takao Hayakawa, Tadanori Mayumi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1998)
THE PHARMACOLOGY OF MERCURY
Authors: WILLIAM SALANT
Journal: JAMA (1922)

there was no mark at the point of inoculation.Cultures from the brain and blood yielded a pure growth of the green- producing streptococcus.The spinal fluid in tall tubes of ascites meat infusion and meat infusion yielded a pure cul¬ ture of a pleomorphic short-chained streptococcus.When a week old, this culture was transferred to glucose-brain broth, and the twelve hour growth in this medium was inoculated into two rabbits, one receiving 0.1 c.c, the other 0.1 c.c. of a 1:1,000 dilution.The findings in the two rabbits were almost identical.Those of the first are sufficiently illus¬
Four-Month, Four-Drug Preventive Therapy for Inactive Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: STEFAN V. GOLDBERG, JEFFERY S. DUCHIN, TAMMY SHIELDS, CHARLES M. NOLAN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Standard preventive therapy for inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is 12 mo of isoniazid. Shorter multiple-drug preventive regimens have been proposed. From December 1993 through January 1996 we evaluated a 4-mo, four-drug regimen of preventive therapy for patients with inactive TB, mostly newly arriving immigrants from countries with high rates of TB and of isoniazid resistance. Fifty-three evaluable patients received a 4-mo regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. We compared their completion rate, side effects, and cost of treatment with those of 108 age-matched patients who had received 12 mo of isoniazid at an earlier time. Sixty-eight percent of patients on the 4-mo regimen completed treatment; 69% of those on the 12-mo regimen completed treatment (p = 0.9393). Side effects were more frequent for the 4-mo regimen (30.2%) compared with 12 mo of isoniazid (11.1%) (p = 0.0027). The cost of providing an uncomplicated, self-supervised regimen was estimated to be almost four times greater for the four-drug regimen compared with isoniazid. These results show that, in terms of compliance, a four-drug, 4-mo regimen had no advantage over standard preventive therapy for persons with inactive pulmonary TB. On the other hand, the shorter, more intensive regimen was associated with more frequent adverse effects and was more costly.
Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation and Associated Risk Factors in Eyes with Angle Closure
Authors: Mani Baskaran, Rajesh S. Kumar, Chitra V. Govindasamy, Hla Myint Htoon, Ching-Yee Wong, Shamira A. Perera, Tina T.L. Wong, Tin Aung
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
The Loneliness of the Long-Acting Nitrator
Authors: John Bellomo
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In an effort to improve patient compliance and facilitate medication administration, many physicians select long-acting, once-a-day drug regimens. This commendable practice can have detrimental effects on selected patients, as illustrated in the following case report. <h3>Report of A Case. —</h3> An 89-year-old alert woman residing in a nursing home was evaluated by a cardiologist before undergoing reconstructive bypass surgery for peripheral vascular disease. The consultant recommended that long-acting topical transdermal nitrate preparation be substituted for her usual oral nitrate preparation that had been administered four times a day. During the next 3 days, the patient complained of nonspecific chest discomfort and anxiety. Through questioning, it became apparent that the woman missed the regular visits by the nursing staff who came to administer the oral medication around the clock; she resented the new once-a-day schedule, which she interpreted as disinterest on the part of the nursing staff. The
Characteristics of Renin Subgroups of Patients with Essential Hypertension.
Authors: Hans R. Brunner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Characteristics of Renin Subgroups of Patients with Essential Hypertension.Hans R. Brunner, M.D., Jean E. Sealey, B.Sc., John H. Laragh, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hans R. Brunner, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Jean E. Sealey, B.Sc.Search for more papers by this author, John H. Laragh, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-828_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClassification of 219 patients with essential hypertension according to their renin levels has exposed three subgroups with different physiologic and epidemiological characteristics.Twenty-seven percent of the patients had subnormal renin levels, and they have been shown previously to be relatively protected from heart attacks and strokes. These patients with low renin levels had a blunted aldosterone response to sodium deprivation, which was associated with significant potassium retention (P< 0.05) and a rise in plasma bicarbonate (P< 0.05). At all three levels of sodium intake low renin patients had the lowest blood urea nitrogen levels and therefore appeared to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 828-828KeywordsAldosteroneBicarbonatesBlood plasmaBlood urea nitrogenHypertensionMyocardial infarctionPotassiumSodiumStroke Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Refractory Interval After Transcardiac Shocks During Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: Robert J. Sweeney, Robert M. Gill, Philip R. Reid
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Measurements of refractory period extension by shocks during ventricular pacing at fast rates predict that all tissue should be refractory for a brief interval after shocks during fibrillation. This study experimentally determined whether a refractory interval was present just after a shock during fibrillation. Methods and Results In pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, rectangular monophasic (4-ms) or biphasic (2.5/1.5-ms) shocks were followed with a 2-ms postshock stimulus (PSS) delivered to the defibrillation electrodes. We measured the effect of PSS on the shock current (I 50 ) required for 50% defibrillation success. In group 1 (n=6), a 1.0-A PSS had no effect on I 50 when delivered up to 35 ms after monophasic shocks but greatly increased I 50 when delivered at 50 to 90 ms. A 0.5-A PSS had no effect at any timing. In group 2 (n=6), we compared 1.0-A PSSs after monophasic and biphasic shocks. The effect of PSS after monophasic shocks was similar to group 1. After biphasic shocks, PSS at the same timings had similar effects but caused even greater increases in I 50 . Conclusions We conclude that after both monophasic and biphasic shocks during fibrillation, there is a postshock interval during which the heart is refractory to the refibrillating effect of PSS. The interval is shorter for biphasic than for monophasic shocks with the same duration and defibrillation efficacy. These findings support the refractory period extension hypothesis for defibrillation and suggest that propagating depolarization activity is absent immediately after defibrillation shocks but that it develops again at the end of the refractory interval or later.
The Risk of In Utero Exposure to Lithium
Authors: Charles H. Kellner
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The excellent article by Cohen et al<sup>1</sup>does much to dispel fears about the risks of lithium carbonate during pregnancy. We would like to point out that in addition to carbamazepine, valproate sodium, and neuroleptics, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) should be considered as an antimanic and antidepressant treatment during pregnancy. In fact, most experts consider ECT to be safer for the fetus than many psychotropic medications,<sup>2</sup>and there is an extensive literature documenting the safe and effective use of ECT in all three trimesters.<sup>3</sup>The brief exposure to the anesthetic and muscle relaxant agents during ECT is likely to be more benign than constant exposure to (even slightly) teratogenic psychotropic medications. For severely depressed or manic pregnant women, ECT should be considered seriously.
Prescriptions for medical research. I--Management within the Medical Research Council.
Authors: R Gillett, J Harrow
Journal: BMJ (1993)

In their submission to the government in advance of the white paper on science policy in the United Kingdom the Medical Research Council commends the MRC's own approach to managing directly funded research. But a series of semi-structured interviews with the directors of some of the MRC's units suggests a gap between the MRC's model of managed research and the reality. Although such units are theoretically managed from MRC head office (and units are charged an overhead for this), in practice each unit runs its own affairs. Between major reviews average contact time with the head office contact person is seven hours a year. The first paper argues that a purchaser-provider split would recognise the benefits of decentralisation and allow units to bid for research funds from several sources, the successful ones guaranteeing their survival through a rolling series of research programmes. The second paper criticises the MRC's cumbersome peer review system. Reliance on outside experts atrophies the scientific skills of head office staff and builds delays into decision making. A purchaser-provider model would allow the head office scientific staff to act like commercial research and development managers, commissioning research, and using the outcome, rather than peer review, as a criterion for continued funding.
ANTIBODY-MEDIATED ACTIVATION OF A DEFECTIVE ß-<scp>D</scp>-GALACTOSIDASE
Authors: Franco Celada, John Ellis, Kerstin Bodlund, Boris Rotman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Two closely related protein antigens were used to study immunogenic competition. Namely, normal beta-D-galactosidase of Escherichia coli (Z) and a genetically defective beta-D-galactosidase (AMEF) which seems to differ from the normal in one amino acid substitution. A unique characteristic of this pair of antigens is that, although they are indistinguishable in precipitation and absorption tests with antibodies, the enzymatic activity of AMEF is specifically increased several-hundredfold in the presence of antibodies directed against Z. The following results show that Z and AMEF also differ in their immunogenic ability: (a) antibodies directed against Z activated AMEF; antibodies directed against AMEF did not activate, but competed specifically with activating antibodies. (b) Animals immunized with AMEF failed to produce activating antibodies when they were subsequently challenged with Z, although the presence of some cells primed to produce activating antibodies could be demonstrated by adoptive transfer. (c) Animals preimmunized with Z were stimulated in their production of activating antibodies by AMEF challenge, although not as efficiently as with Z. A model explaining these observations by competition for the immunogenic site among antigen-sensitive cells carrying cross-reacting receptors is presented.
Humanized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody treatment of steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: a Chinese single-center experience in a group of 64 patients
Authors: T Tao, X Ma, J Yang, J-Y Zou, S-M Ji, Y-S Tan, W Gong, F Du, J Xu, C-M Ye, X-W Tang, D-P Wu, S-L Xue
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Humanized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody treatment of steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: a Chinese single-center experience in a group of 64 patients
Optimal Interpretative Strategy for Preoperative Parathyroid Scintigraphy
Authors: Farshad M. Bahador, Hamid R. Latifi, Stanley J. Grossman, Umesh D. Oza, Hui Xu, Landis K. Griffeth
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Our objective was to retrospectively compare various scintigraphic methods to determine their relative accuracies and interobserver variabilities in preoperative localization of single-gland disease in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.We studied 292 patients who underwent preoperative parathyroid scintigraphy and surgical resection between June 2002 and September 2008. Imaging included early and delayed pinhole Tc-MIBI imaging (including anterior oblique images), similar I imaging, and MIBI SPECT. Seven different imaging combinations were assessed as follows: early MIBI only, delayed MIBI only, comparison of dual-phase early and delayed MIBI, visual subtraction of early MIBI and I images, all planar images, SPECT only, and all planar and SPECT images (ALL). Each data set was reviewed by 2 of 4 experienced nuclear physicians without knowledge of clinical information or final diagnosis. Imaging results were compared with surgical outcomes.The accuracy of ALL imaging for delineating abnormal/normal parathyroid glands by quadrant was 96%, 93%, 95%, and 95% for the 4 readers. The accuracies of visual subtraction of early MIBI and I images and all planar images were not significantly different from ALL for all 4 readers. All planar and SPECT images were significantly more accurate than early MIBI only, delayed MIBI only, or SPECT only for all 4 readers and better than comparison of dual-phase early and delayed MIBI for 3 of 4 readers.A rigorous combination of multiple imaging approaches yielded high accuracies across multiple readers for localization of a single offending parathyroid gland, but a more limited technique using MIBI/I subtraction imaging with anterior and anterior oblique pinhole images provided similarly high accuracy and limited interobserver variation of accuracy.
Adaptive secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mediates imatinib and nilotinib resistance in BCR/ABL+ progenitors via JAK-2/STAT-5 pathway activation
Authors: Ying Wang, Dali Cai, Cornelia Brendel, Christine Barett, Philipp Erben, Paul W. Manley, Andreas Hochhaus, Andreas Neubauer, Andreas Burchert
Journal: Blood (2006)
COMPARISON OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS OF Very LATE STENT THROMBOSIS BETWEEN DRUG–ELUTING STENT AND BARE–METAL STENT
Authors: Michitaka Amioka, Nobuo Shiode, Lisa Takahashi, Kenichi Yamane, Tomoharu Kawase, Kagawa Yuzo, Hiromichi Tamekiyo, Masaya Otsuka, Tomokazu Okimoto, Yuji Muraoka, Yoshiko Masaoka, Masaya Kato, Yasuki Kihara, Yasuhiko Hayashi, Shinji Mito, Keigo Dote, Yousaku Okubo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
In vitro differentiation of human macrophages with enhanced antimycobacterial activity
Authors: Guillaume Vogt, Carl Nathan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes widespread, persistent infection, often residing in macrophages that neither sterilize the bacilli nor allow them to cause disease. How macrophages restrict growth of pathogens is one of many aspects of human phagocyte biology whose study relies largely on macrophages differentiated from monocytes in vitro. However, such cells fail to recapitulate the phenotype of tissue macrophages in key respects, including that they support early, extensive replication of M. tuberculosis and die in several days. Here we found that human macrophages could survive infection, kill Mycobacterium bovis BCG, and severely limit the replication of M. tuberculosis for several weeks if differentiated in 40% human plasma under 5%-10% (physiologic) oxygen in the presence of GM-CSF and/or TNF-α followed by IFN-γ. Control was lost with fetal bovine serum, 20% oxygen, M-CSF, higher concentrations of cytokines, or premature exposure to IFN-γ. We believe that the new culture method will enable inquiries into the antimicrobial mechanisms of human macrophages.
In vitro comparison of the photothermal anticancer activity of graphene nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zoran M. Markovic, Ljubica M. Harhaji-Trajkovic, Biljana M. Todorovic-Markovic, Dejan P. Kepić, Katarina M. Arsikin, Svetlana P. Jovanović, Aleksandar C. Pantovic, Miroslav D. Dramićanin, Vladimir S. Trajkovic
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Changes in epidermal acid phosphatase levels in response to chemical irritation
Authors: W.T. GIBSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Topical sodium laurate produced little or no immediate change in the amount of rat epidermal acid phosphatase but the levels of this enzyme progressively increased to reach a maximum at about 3 days. This coincided with acanthosis and thickening of the stratum granulosum, indicating epidermal repair. The increase depended on protein synthesis as it could be blocked by treatment with cycloheximide. This inhibitory effect was associated histologically with loss of the stratum granulosum, supporting the belief that the expression of acid phosphatase is closely linked with this layer during normal keratinization.
The technetium scintigram as an indicator of syovial vascularity in rheumatoid arthritis: its comparison with the results of temperature measurement.
Authors: J A Osh, D J Lindsay, E R Davies, F J Ring
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

An attempt is made to correlate the clinical and endo- crinological sequelae of corticosteroid withdrawal with details of preceding corticosteroid therapy and tests of HPA function.