tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Management of Preexcitation Syndromes
Authors: Hein J. J. Wellens
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The introduction of new techniques such as epicardial mapping and programmed stimulation of the heart has made it possible to unravel most of the mysteries surrounding ventricular preexcitation. They helped us to understand the mechanisms of the arrhythmias that frequently are found in these patients and led to better-directed therapeutic interventions. The purpose of this article is to review this information and to indicate how it can be used in the treatment of the patient with preexcitation. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2325-2333)
THE PRESENT STATUS OF OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE PATHOLOGICAL HISTOLOGY OF THE CORTEX IN THE PSYCHOSES
Authors: ALOIS ALZHEIMER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1913)

When we review the principal facts of the newer histological investigations of the paralysis process, we can conclude that this process is so well differentiated that it can be separated from all other diseases of the central nervous system. Our knowledge of the pathological anatomy is of extreme value for the clinical symptomatology of paralysis, as it allows us to diagnose cases of an atypical and extraordinary character. Further, the newer findings indicate that the process cannot be entirely accounted for by the inflammatory process in the blood vessels. More often independent degenerative changes are seen in the nervous tissue which go hand in hand with the inflammatory changes. The histological investigations of the other organs of the body make it more probable that the paralytic process is not only a disease of the central nervous system, but a disease of the entire body. But more investigations are needed to prove this point. Focal or circumscribed degeneration of the medullated sheath of the axis cylinders, particularly in the cortex, which can approach even the focal lesions of multiple sclerosis, is a frequent accompanying change in the paralytic process of the central nervous system. It is possible to differentiate a third type of paralysis which can be added to the typical cases and atypical localized forms (Lissauer's paralysis) the stationary paralysis which is characterized by a particularly mild process in the histological and clinical picture. The paralysis on the ground of hereditary lues is associated frequently with characteristic changes in the cerebellum, particularly the abnormal form and multiple nuclei of the Purkinje cells. This characteristic finding of the Purkinje cells is so frequently found, and in so many cases, that it is impossible to class them with isolated double nucleated cells found in the cerebellum of cases of other mental diseases. It is not entirely clear from whence these cells originate. From the fact that they are occasionally found in paralysis in middle life, and after late acquired syphilis in relation to a severe cerebellar atrophy, and are similar to the cells in juvenile paralysis, at present one cannot conclude that their presence indicates paralysis hereditaria tarda. Thorough examination of particularly atrophic cerebellum in adult paralysis is necessary before we can arrive at any conclusion. The investigations of Sibelius indicate, possibly, that in the central nervous system of paralytics, who have acquired syphilis, that frequently developmental anomalies are present. And possibly this means that there is a specific predisposition towards a later paralysis when accompanied with syphilis.
Elevation of Soluble CD14 levels Supports Chronic Innate Immune Activation in Subjects with CVID, XLA, and SLE Compared to Healthy Subjects
Authors: D. Nguyen, E. Kellner, S. Hudey, M. Dorsey, P. Sriaroon, J. Sleasman, E. Perez
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Evaluation of Prediction Models for Decision-Making: Beyond Calibration and Discrimination
Authors: Lars Holmberg, Andrew Vickers
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Lars Holmberg and Andrew Vickers discuss the importance of ensuring prediction models lead to better decision making in light of new research into breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk by Ruth Pfeiffer and colleagues. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Predicting Response to Recombinant Human Erythropoietin
Authors: Robert I. Abels
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 July 1993Predicting Response to Recombinant Human ErythropoietinRobert I. Abels, MD and David H. Henry, MDRobert I. Abels, MDThe R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute; Raritan, NJ 08869Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146Search for more papers by this author and David H. Henry, MDThe R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute; Raritan, NJ 08869Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-1-199307010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In order to limit r-HuEPO therapy to patients most likely to respond, Drs. Mittelman and Floru suggest that it be restricted to patients with low serum erythropoietin levels. Although patients with low serum erythropoietin levels frequently respond more vigorously to r-HuEPO than do patients with higher levels, this is not always the case. In addition, it is often difficult to stipulate a serum erythropoietin level above which r-HuEPO therapy should be withheld.Further analysis of our data [1] suggests that patients with serum erythropoietin levels between 100 and 500 IU/L had a response to r-HuEPO that was similar ...References1. Henry DH, Beall GN, Benson CA, Carey J, Cone LA, Eron LJ, et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and zidovudine therapy. Overview of four clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:739-48. Google Scholar2. Abels R, Larholt K, Krantz K, Bryant E. Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) for the treatment of the anemia of cancer. Proceedings of the Beijing Symposium. In: Murphy MJ; ed. Blood Cell Growth Factors: Their Present and Future Use in Hematology and Oncology. Dayton, Ohio: Alpha Medical Press; 1991:121-41. Google Scholar3. Stein R, Abels R, Krantz S. Pharmacologic doses of recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 1991; 78:1658-63. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute; Raritan, NJ 08869Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 1Page: 91-92KeywordsAIDSCancer chemotherapyChemotherapyErythropoietinPopulation statistics Issue Published: 1 July 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Comparative Roles of Microvascular and Nerve Function in Foot Ulceration In Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Singhan T.M. Krishnan, Gerry Rayman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We value the comments of Williams, Norman, and Stacey (1) in their letter regarding our article (2) on the comparative roles of microvascular and nerve function in foot ulceration in type 2 diabetes. We agree that ankle brachial pressure indexes (ABPIs) should be interpreted with caution in people with diabetes, as medial calcification is common. However, Brooks et al. (3) have shown that toe brachial pressure index does not …
Homozygous human C3 deficiency. The role of C3 in antibody production, C-1s-induced vasopermeability, and cobra venom-induced passive hemolysis.
Authors: C A Alper, H R Colten, J S Gear, A R Rabson, F S Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Studies of the family of a patient with marked deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) demonstrated that the patient was homozygous for a blank allele at the C3 locus, C3-. Metabolic studies with purified radiolabeled C3 in the patient revealed a mildly elevated fractional catabolic rate and a markedly reduced synthesis rate, consistent with a lack of C3 synthesis as the patient's primary defect. There was also a mild increase in the rate of conversion of purified C3 added to her serum and incubated at 37 degrees C in vitro. Major blood group-compatible erythrocytes from a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria had the same shortened survival in the C3-deficient patient as in a normal control. Although no leukocytosis developed in the patient in spontaneous infection by pyogenic organisms, there was a normal leukocytosis in response to the injection of thyphoid vaccine. The intradermal injection of C-1s, which produces a marked increase in vasopermeability in the skin of normal subjects, produced no definite change in the patient, possibly implicating C3 or a protein in the alternative pathway as the normal mediator of this response. The patient's serum exhibited near-normal immune adherence activity, confirming the lack of requirement of C3 for this function. C5 inactivation and passive hemolysis of unsensitized guinea pig erythrocytes occurred normally in C3-deficient serum on incubation with cobra venom factor, indicating that C3 is not required for these reactions. The patient's humoral antibody response to both protein and carbohydrate antigens was entirely normal, making it unlikely that C3 is required for antigen processing.
Analysis of lapine cartilage matrix after radiosynovectomy with holmium-166 ferric hydroxide macroaggregate
Authors: O T Makela
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To study the short and long term effects of radiosynovectomy on articular cartilage in growing and mature rabbits.The articular cartilage of the distal femurs of rabbits was examined four days, two months, and one year after radiosynovectomy with holmium-166 ferric hydroxide macroaggregate ([(166)Ho]FHMA). Arthritic changes were evaluated from histological sections by conventional and polarised light microscopy, and glycosaminoglycan measurements using safranin O staining, digital densitometry, and uronic acid determination. Proteoglycan synthesis was studied by metabolic [(35)]sulphate labelling followed by autoradiography, and electrophoretic analysis of extracted proteoglycans. Northern analyses were performed to determine the mRNA levels of type II collagen, aggrecan, and Sox9 in cartilage samples.Radiosynovectomy had no major effect on the histological appearance of articular cartilage in mature rabbits, whereas more fibrillation was seen in [(166)Ho]FHMA radiosynovectomised knee joints of growing rabbits two months after treatment, but not after one year. Radiosynovectomy did not cause changes in the glycosaminoglycan content of cartilage or in the synthesis or chemical structure of proteoglycans. No radiosynovectomy related changes were seen in the mRNA levels of type II collagen, whereas a transient down regulation of aggrecan and Sox9 mRNA levels was seen in young rabbits two months after [(166)Ho]FHMA radiosynovectomy.[(166)Ho]FHMA radiosynovectomy caused no obvious chondrocyte damage or osteoarthritic changes in mature rabbits, but in growing rabbits some transient radiation induced effects were seen--for example, mild cartilage fibrillation and down regulation of cartilage-specific genes.
Exercise-Related Hematuria
Authors: Arthur J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Sequential urine specimens were obtained from 50 marathon runners before, immediately after, and on three successive days following a marathon race. All prerace samples were normal, but nine (18%) of the 50 postrace urinalyses showed gross (one specimen) or microscopic (eight specimens) hematuria. No formed elements other than RBCs were seen, and all abnormalities cleared by 48 hours. Exercise-related hematuria appears to be a frequent, self-limited, and benign condition. Physicians should be aware of its occurrence and reserve extended testing for cases in which abnormalities persist beyond 48 to 72 hours.
LICHEN PLANUS OF THE TONSILS
Authors: M. SYDNEY THOMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1928)

Journal Article LICHEN PLANUS OF THE TONSILS Get access M. SYDNEY M.D., M.R.C.P. THOMSON M. SYDNEY M.D., M.R.C.P. THOMSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 40, Issue 5, 1 May 1928, Pages 191–192, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1928.tb13646.x Published: 01 May 1928
Limiting Specific Interventions in Advance Directives-Reply
Authors: Allen S. Brett
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —I appreciate Dr Lariviere's thoughtful comments, and I agree with many of them. His opening sentence, however, is misleading. My article discussed  limitations of listing specific interventions in advance directives, not the limitations of health values forms. I am also puzzled by an apparent contradiction. He objects (as I do) to  way in which lists of requested interventions in advance directives might be construed as implying a right to medically inappropriate therapies. Yet, earlier in  letter he suggests a strategy in which a list of interventions should be honored when  patient's condition seems hopeless.  Mr Barnett and I clearly share a commitment to  goal of respecting patients' wishes. But I continue to believe that a thorough exploration of a patient's general preferences for treatment in  event of incapacity will be sufficient in most cases. During  actual period of decision making after
Erratum: Corrigendum: Gain-of-function SOS1 mutations cause a distinctive form of Noonan syndrome
Authors: Marco Tartaglia, Len A Pennacchio, Chen Zhao, Kamlesh K Yadav, Valentina Fodale, Anna Sarkozy, Bhaswati Pandit, Kimihiko Oishi, Simone Martinelli, Wendy Schackwitz, Anna Ustaszewska, Joel Martin, James Bristow, Claudio Carta, Francesca Lepri, Cinzia Neri, Isabella Vasta, Kate Gibson, Cynthia J Curry, Juan Pedro López Siguero, Maria Cristina Digilio, Giuseppe Zampino, Bruno Dallapiccola, Dafna Bar-Sagi, Bruce D Gelb
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
Unusual Case of Bilateral Caudate Infarcts Following Pituitary Apoplexy
Authors: Tania Rebeiz, Wilson Cueva, Agnieszka Ardelt
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Cerebral ischemia due to pituitary apoplexy is very rare. It may be caused by vasospasm or direct compression of cerebral vessels by the expanding mass. Bilateral caudate infarcts also are very rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that presents pituitary apoplexy causing compression of bilateral anterior cerebral artery branches and leading to bilateral caudate infarcts.An 81-year-old woman with a pituitary macroadenoma presented with circulatory shock due to pituitary apoplexy. Neurological examination revealed new asymmetric quadriparesis with chronic bilateral visual disturbance. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, she was found to have watershed infarcts in the anterior cerebral artery-middle cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery-posterior cerebral artery watershed zones in addition to bilateral caudate infarcts.Pituitary apoplexy can cause compression of bilateral anterior cerebral arteries from the expanding mass and lead to bilateral caudate infarcts. It is important to understand the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia in pituitary apoplexy to improve management.
Manpower Resources for Research
Authors: JOHN A. D. COOPER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Several trends in medical education affect our supply of future physicians. The number of new physicians has increased so that each year there is an excess of about 6000 over the number of physicians produced per year a decade ago. Increasing numbers of women and members of minority groups are entering the profession as well. These new students are being subjected to increased social pressures to elect primary-care careers, and although there is ample evidence that a significant portion will continue to choose subspecialty careers, fewer of them may be interested in traditional academic and research careers. We must make academic and research careers sufficiently attractive so that an adequate manpower resource of physicians is maintained for the future. This can be done by improving the structure of training programs and by fostering research opportunities for young investigators.
Who Pays for Published Research?
Authors: Michael D. Stein
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the extent of unfunded research published in major medical journals. <h3>Design.</h3> —Review of original research completed in the United States and published in 23 official journals of internal medicine and neurology during 1 month in 1991. Investigators were contacted to confirm lack of funding. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Percentage of unfunded, published original research. <h3>Results.</h3> —One hundred ninety-six articles were evaluated. There was at least one unfunded study in 78% of journals. Forty-five published studies (23%) were unfunded. Among those 45 studies, 7% were clinical trials, 9% were cohort studies, 18% were cross-sectional or case-control studies, 53% were case series, and 13% were surveys. Thirteen unfunded studies involved procedures that presumably were performed for research purposes and not as part of routine patient care. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Nearly one quarter of original research published in major medical journals was unfunded. Seven percent of published research involved direct clinical costs that were not accounted for by the investigators. These costs may have been passed on to study participants or third-party payers. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:781-782)
Inhibition of PCSK9 with evolocumab in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (TESLA Part B): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Frederick J Raal, Narimon Honarpour, Dirk J Blom, G Kees Hovingh, Feng Xu, Rob Scott, Scott M Wasserman, Evan A Stein
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
MEDICINE'S DEBT TO ABRAHAM FLEXNER
Authors: Louis M. Orr
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Last September, an editorial in the "Chicago Tribune" contained the following statement. "Abraham Flexner was one of the movers and shakers of his era. The world is a different and a better one, thanks to his influence." The New York Times editorial said that "No other American of his time has contributed more to the welfare of his country and of humanity in general." Dr. Flexner made it possible for physicians to see clearly the direction of their efforts in medical education. The size of medicine's debt to him can be appreciated by going back to the year 1908, when there were three classes of medical schools: good, bad, and indifferent. <h3>Medical Schools Before the Flexner Report</h3> Here is a brief picture of medical education in St. Paul, Minn., around the turn of the century. Dr. A. J. Stewart wrote the following. "The students, reading in the different doctors' offices,
Malignant schwannoma with melanocytic differentiation arising in a patient with neurofibromatosis
Authors: T. Murakami, T. Kiyosawa, S. Murata, K. Usui, M. Ohtsuki, H. Nakagawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Malignant schwannoma with melanocytic differentiation arising in a patient with neurofibromatosis Get access T. Murakami, T. Murakami Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Takashi Murakami. E‐mail: takmu@jichi.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Kiyosawa, T. Kiyosawa Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Murata, S. Murata Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Usui, K. Usui Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Ohtsuki, M. Ohtsuki Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Nakagawa H. Nakagawa Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical School, 3311‐1 Yakushiji, Minamikawachi‐machi, Kawachi‐gun, Tochigi 329‐0498, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 5, 1 November 2000, Pages 1078–1082, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03849.x Published: 01 November 2000
General practitioners' views about the statutory annual practice report
Authors: M C Record, J A Spencer, R H Jones, K P Jones
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To ascertain the views of primary care professionals about the current purpose, uses, potential, and workload implications of the statutory general practice annual report. <b>Design:</b> Postal questionnaire survey. <b>Setting:</b> General practices in the Northern region. <b>Subjects:</b> All practices in the region that were singlehanded, fundholding, non-fundholding and with more than five partners, and a one in three20random sample of all non-fundholding practices (n=318). Results - 263 practices responded (83%). The20report took a median of 12 hours to produce (95% confidence interval 11 to 15 hours; interquartile range 7-35). The main perceived purpose of the report was to monitor practice activity (165 respondents; 63% (95% confidence interval 57% to 69%)), but 44 respondents (17%; 13% to 22%) produced it only because it was contractually required. Practices included statutory and non- statutory data in these20reports and would have liked comparative practice activity information (155 respondents; 59%) and “good ideas” (165 respondents; 63%) fed back to them. Respondents would have liked the annual report used to improve practice development planning (122 respondents; 46% (40% to 52%)), to facilitate audit (115 respondents; 44% (38% to 50%)),20and to influence resource allocation (104 respondents; 40% (34% to 46%)). One hundred and eighteen practices (45%; 39% to 51%) would produce20an annual report even if not contractually required. Data collected were perceived to be already available20elsewhere. <b>Conclusions:</b> Primary care professionals have20concerns about the current annual report. They20would prefer to collect relevant, standardised data which could lead to better audit, planning, and resource allocation.
Inhaled methacholine does not influence the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Authors: M. Söderberg, R. Lundgren, L. Bjermer, T. Ångström
Journal: Allergy (1993)

A methacholine or a histamine test is often used to quantitate bronchial responsiveness, in studies investigating the influence of various inhaled stimuli on the responsiveness and composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Histamine has been shown to evoke an inflammatory cell response in BAL fluid. In order to test the influence of the methacholine test on the cellular composition of BAL fluid, we investigated 14 healthy, nonsmoking volunteers with a methacholine test 24 h before performing a BAL. The results showed no significant changes in the cellular composition of BAL fluid, as compared with control BAL in the same persons.