tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adenocarcinoma of Jejunum
Authors: A. H. Sangster
Journal: BMJ (1943)

A Case of Adenocarcinoma of Jejunum Malignant tumours of the jejunum are not common.Stein (1937) finds that they comprise only 1.3% of all malignant bowel tumours-including the stomach-over a five-year period.A study of 108 cases of malignancy in the small intestine by Chas.W. Mayo (1940) showed that the average age of patients was 52 years.These cases formed 0.7°% of all malignant bowel tumours over a period of 33 years.He finds that only 42.4% are resectable and the mortality is 30%.The case here recorded is of interest because of the age of the patient, the lack of bowel symptoms, and the size of the tumour.CASE RECORD An Army patient aged 29 was admitted to a medical ward in.this hospital in Jan., 1942.He gave a history of pain in the back.It was of an aching character, almost always present, made worse
Manual of Organic Materia Medica; Being a Guide to Materia Medica of the Vegetable and Animal Kingdoms; for the use of Students, Druggists, Pharmacists and Physicians
Authors: Henry Charles Christian Maisch, John Michael Maisch
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 714: Direct Comparison of AAV Serotypes 1 9; Onset of Gene Expression, Time to Peak Expression, and Fate of Viral Genomes in Mice after Skeletal Muscle, and Tail Vein Injection
Authors: Joseph E Rabinowitz, Steven Soltys, Paul E Monahan, R. J Samulski
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background- Viral delivery vectors founded on the adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 2 platform are currently being evaluated for human gene transfer. All viral genes can be removed, resulting i...
THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE PLANTAR EXTENSOR RESPONSE
Authors: E. L. Fox
Journal: BMJ (1922)

OBSERVATIONS have been made upon 571 cases of general anaestlhesia, drawn from the Hospital for Women and the Royal Infirmary, Liverpool, attention being particularly focussed on thiree common post-operative conmplicationsnamely, clhest trouble, flatulence, and vomitina.In the series there have been four deatlhs-one from operative shock, one from bronchopneumonia, one from acidosis, and one, which occurred on thse fifth day after a laparotomy for inoperable carcinoma, may be laid to tlle door of both surgeon and anaestlhetist, as tllere were some symaptoms of acid intoxication.Am-ong tlle gyinaecological cases there were 221 major abdominal and 220 minor vaginal operations.Warm etler, witlh wlhere necessary a small addition of chloroform, was given to the former, and open ether to the latter.The chest conmplications for both classes of case amounted to 22-that is, 4.5 per cent.; serious trouble, such as bronchitis and broncho- pneumonia (including the death already mentioned), occurred five times-1.1 per cent.; the remainder, coughs without
Addiction to Daprisal
Authors: John A. Sours
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Although addiction to amphetamine has been well known since 1958 when Connell<sup>1</sup>first published his clinical studies on amphetamine usage and amphetamine psychosis, addiction to Daprisal, a combination of amobarbital (32 mg), dextroamphetamine sulfate (5 mg), aspirin (0.16 gm), and phenacetin (0.16 gm), has only been recently appreciated.<sup>2</sup>Daprisal is generally regarded as a moodlifting analgesic for the relief of pain, prescribed for dysmenorrhea, pain of arthritis, rheumatism, headache, neuralgia, and nonspecific muscular disorders. The drug has become popular for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. The high risk of amphetamine dependency for young women has not been sufficiently emphasized. Lemere has mentioned Daprisal as an amphetamine-containing preparation with a likelihood of highdependency risk.<sup>3</sup>Ehtishamuddin has reported an addiction in a depressed woman who was taking six to eight tablets daily for several years.<sup>4</sup>Johnson and Milner have reported one case of addiction to this
Drug Abuse and Stroke
Authors: Gary S. Ferenchick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 March 1991Drug Abuse and StrokeGary S. Ferenchick, MDGary S. Ferenchick, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-5-431_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In their recent article, Kaku and Lowenstein (1) investigated the epidemiologic association between stroke and recreational drug abuse in young persons. The recreational drugs implicated by these investigators included many commonly abused drugs. Anabolic steroids, however, were not mentioned. In some populations, the abuse of anabolic steroids may be as pervasive as that of other commonly abused recreational drugs, and such steroid abuse has been temporally linked to thrombosis (2, 3).That anabolic steroids should predispose to stroke and other thrombotic complications is supported by several lines of evidence. Case reports have linked anabolic steroid abuse to...References1. KakuLowenstein DD. Emergence of recreational drug abuse as a major risk factor for stroke in young adults. Ann Intern Med. 1990; 113:821-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BuckleyYesalisFriedl WCK. Estimated prevalence of anabolic steroid use among male high school seniors. JAMA. 1988; 260:3441-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Ferenchick G. Are androgenic steroids thrombogenic? [Letter]. N Engl J Med. 1990;322:476. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. JohnsonRameyRamwell MEP. Androgen-mediated sensitivity in platelet aggregation. Am J Physiol. 1977;232:H381-H385. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. Taylor W. Steroid abuse and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug selection in athletic/active patients. J Neurol Ortho Med Surg. 1988; 9:159-62. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824-1317 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1991Volume 114, Issue 5Page: 431-431KeywordsDrug abuseDrugsEpidemiologyPopulation statisticsSteroidsStrokeThrombosis Issue Published: 1 March 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Synthesis and therapeutic evaluation of an aptide–docetaxel conjugate targeting tumor-associated fibronectin
Authors: Hyungjun Kim, Yonghyun Lee, In-Hyun Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Daejin Kim, Phei Er Saw, Jinju Lee, Minsuk Choi, Yong-Chul Kim, Sangyong Jon
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Sublingual immunotherapy in mite-sensitized children with atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Giovanni B. Pajno, Lucia Caminiti, Daniela Vita, Giovanni Barberio, Giuseppina Salzano, Fortunato Lombardo, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Giovanni Passalacqua
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Scleroderma After Silicone Augmentation Mammoplasty
Authors: Andrew M. Wexler
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor. —  I take issue with the conclusions drawn in the BRIEF REPORT by Dr Spiera 1 regarding the incidence of scleroderma after silicone augmentation mammoplasty. The fact that five patients developed scleroderma, some 20 years after silicone augmentation mammoplasty, should in no way be inferred to reflect a causal relationship. How many of Dr Spiera's patients with scleroderma had had braces in childhood? If there were five, would this be significant? Of course not. The removal of breast implants and subsequent improvement of one patient again has no causal relationship, as patients who maintained their prostheses also improved. Do these five patients represent a statistically significant group of patients who undergo breast augmentation? Again, the answer is no.  In fact, the existence of human adjuvant disease itself is highly controversial, as causal relationship of silicone implants and connective-tissue disease has yet to be proved. It must be
Management of achalasia of the cardia by forced pneumatic dilatation.
Authors: A H Lishman, A W Dellipiani
Journal: Gut (1982)

Eighteen patients with achalasia of the cardia diagnosed by radiography, endoscopy, and manometry were subjected to forced pneumatic dilatation under fluoroscopic control. The procedure was uneventful in all but one patient who developed a pneumomediastinum which resolved on conservative management. A satisfactory result was obtained in 16 patients (89%), 10 patients remaining asymptomatic and six patients having mild symptoms only in follow-up periods of up to 10 years. Only two patients have unsatisfactory results, one having developed a peptic stricture and one having a fibrosed incompetent lower oesophageal stricture with moderate reflux. The success rate of forced dilatation is similar to that of cardiomyotomy but, as it is a relatively minor procedure with a low incidence of complications and a short hospital stay, we conclude that there is an important place for forced pneumatic dilatation in the first line management of achalasia of the cardia.
The long case versus objective structured clinical examinations
Authors: G. Norman
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Insomnia affects up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Negative consequences of insomnia in ASD include decreased quality of life (QOL), impaired learning and cognition, increased stereotypic and challenging behaviours, and increased parental stress. Cognitive behavioural treatment for childhood insomnia (CBT-CI) is a promising treatment for dealing with insomnia and its negative consequences but has not yet been studied in school-aged children with ASD and comorbid insomnia. Access to healthcare is another challenge for children with ASD, particularly in rural and underserved regions. Previous studies indicate that ASD and insomnia share common arousal-based underpinnings, and we hypothesise that CBT-CI will reduce the hyperarousal associated with insomnia and ASD. This trial will be the first to examine CBT-CI adapted for children with ASD and will provide new information about two different modes of delivery across a variety of primary and secondary child and parent sleep and related outcomes. Knowledge obtained from this trial might allow us to develop new or modify current treatments to better target childhood insomnia and ASD. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> Children (N=180) 6–12 years of age with ASD and insomnia will be recruited from an established autism database, a paediatric clinic and community outreach in the Columbia, MO and surrounding areas. Participants will be randomised to CBT-CI adapted for children with ASD (in-person or remote using computers with cameras) or Sleep Hygiene and Related Education. Participants will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. The following assessments will be completed regarding the children: objective and subjective sleep, daytime functioning (adaptive functioning, attention, challenging behaviours, anxiety), QOL and physiological arousal (heart rate variability) and parents: objective and subjective sleep, daytime functioning (anxiety, depression, fatigue), QOL, physiological arousal and parental burden/stress. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Ethics approval was obtained in January 2020 from the University of Missouri. Ethics approval was obtained in July 2020 from the US Army Medical Research and Development Command, Office of Research Protections and Human Research Protection Office. All data are expected to be collected by 2024. Full trial results are planned to be published by 2025. Secondary analyses of baseline data will be subsequently published. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT04545606; Pre-results.
Coal tar induces AHR-dependent skin barrier repair in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ellen H. van den Bogaard, Judith G.M. Bergboer, Mieke Vonk-Bergers, Ivonne M.J.J. van Vlijmen-Willems, Stanleyson V. Hato, Pieter G.M. van der Valk, Jens Michael Schröder, Irma Joosten, Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen, Joost Schalkwijk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Topical application of coal tar is one of the oldest therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD), a T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocyte–mediated skin disease associated with loss-of-function mutations in the skin barrier gene, filaggrin (FLG). Despite its longstanding clinical use and efficacy, the molecular mechanism of coal tar therapy is unknown. Using organotypic skin models with primary keratinocytes from AD patients and controls, we found that coal tar activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), resulting in induction of epidermal differentiation. AHR knockdown by siRNA completely abrogated this effect. Coal tar restored filaggrin expression in FLG-haploinsufficient keratinocytes to wild-type levels, and counteracted Th2 cytokine–mediated downregulation of skin barrier proteins. In AD patients, coal tar completely restored expression of major skin barrier proteins, including filaggrin. Using organotypic skin models stimulated with Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, we found coal tar to diminish spongiosis, apoptosis, and CCL26 expression, all AD hallmarks. Coal tar interfered with Th2 cytokine signaling via dephosphorylation of STAT6, most likely due to AHR-regulated activation of the NRF2 antioxidative stress pathway. The therapeutic effect of AHR activation herein described opens a new avenue to reconsider AHR as a pharmacological target and could lead to the development of mechanism-based drugs for AD.
Depression: A Quiet Killer by Any Name
Authors: Mark Peyrot
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Depression has long been recognized as an important aspect of having diabetes. Studies have found that the rate of depression among people with diabetes is two or more times that of people without chronic disease (1), the prevalence of depression in diabetes can be ≥40% (2), and depression in diabetes persists and/or recurs over time (3,4). Depression generally has been regarded as a consequence of diabetes due to the burden of the disease, including its unrelenting demands and increased rate of debilitating and potentially fatal complications.

Recently, increased attention has focused on depression as an etiological factor in its own right (5). A small number of studies have found that depression predicts the later occurrence of type 2 diabetes (6,7). These findings are consistent with research outside the field of diabetes, which has shown that depression predicts subsequent morbidity and mortality (8). The study by Black, Markides, and Ray (9) in this issue of Diabetes Care demonstrates a similar pattern among individuals with diabetes; depression is shown to be a risk factor for microvascular and macrovascular disease, disability, and mortality among people with diabetes. While this finding is not unexpected, it is worthwhile to confirm it rather than having to infer it from other studies in nondiabetic populations.

This study goes beyond …
The effect of immediate‐hypersensitivity reactions on the level of SLPI, granulocyte elastase, α<sub>1</sub>‐antitrypsin, and albumin in nasal secretions, by the method of unilateral antigen challenge
Authors: U Westin, J‐å Whil, E Lundberg, K Ohlsson
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background : The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of SLPI in patients with allergic rhinitis. From this point of view, we also examined leukocyte elastase, α 1 ‐antitrypsin, and albumin. SLPI is an inhibitor of serine proteases such as leukocyte elastase, cathepsin G, and mast‐cell chymase. Since chymase is considered to participate in mast‐cell degranulation and histamine release, SLPI might act as a regulator of allergic reactions. Recent interest has been focused on leukocytes and allergy. Since SLPI is a strong inhibitor of leukocyte elastase, we also focused on the function of elastase in allergic rhinitis. Methods : We used the method of nasal lavage after unilateral nasal antigen challenge in atopic and healthy subjects. The ELISA quantified SLPI and elastase. Albumin and α 1 ‐antitrypsin were quantified by electroimmunoassay. Gel filtration was used to separate native SLPI from its complex with elastase. Results : There was a higher level of SLPI in lavage fluid from healthy subjects than from atopic patients. SLPI was increased on the contralateral side in atopic subjects after allergen challenge. The absence of increase in SLPI on the challenged side may be attributed to the increase in elastase and its binding to SLPI, which might have an effect on the immunoreactivity and interfere with the ELISA. It may then be assumed that there is an augmentation of SLPI on the challenged side as well. No increase was seen in healthy subjects. There was a higher concentration of elastase, α 1 ‐antitrypsin, and albumin before antigen challenge in atopic patients outside the pollen season than in healthy subjects. As expected, an increase was also seen in the challenged side exclusively in atopic subjects. Conclusions : The lower concentration of SLPI in nasal lavage fluid among the atopic patients than the healthy subjects indicates damaged mucosa. Neural reflexes are involved in SLPI release since there was an increase even in the contralateral nostril. A higher level of elastase and albumin before allergen challenge suggests chronic inflammation in nasal mucosa outside the pollen season. Leukocyte recruitment takes place in response to IgE‐mediated reactions, which are reflected in an increase in elastase in response to allergen challenge.
AH23848: a thromboxane receptor-blocking drug that can clarify the pathophysiologic role of thromboxane A2.
Authors: R T Brittain, L Boutal, M C Carter, R A Coleman, E W Collington, H P Geisow, P Hallett, E J Hornby, P P Humphrey, D Jack
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Despite numerous suggestions in the literature that thromboxane A2 is involved in a variety of occlusive vascular diseases, no definitive evidence is available. Arguments have been presented to support the view that such evidence can only come from clinical studies with a highly specific thromboxane receptor-blocking drug. We have now identified such a drug, AH23848, in our laboratories. Preliminary experiments with AH23848, ([1 alpha (Z), 2 beta,5 alpha]-(+/-)-7-[5-[[(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-morpholin yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl]-4-heptenoic acid), show that it is a potent, specific thromboxane receptor-blocking drug that is orally active and has a long duration of action. It should be a valuable tool in elucidating any physiologic or pathologic role of thromboxane A2.
Biochemical and biophysical aspects of human platelet adhesion to collagen fibers
Authors: Bruce Lyman, Lawrence Rosenberg, Simon Karpatkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

A method has been developed for measuring the adhesion of platelets to purified collagen fibers obtained from bovine tendon. This method differs from others in that: (a) platelet adhesion is measured in the absence of platelet aggregation; (b) platelet-rich plasma collected in ACD (acid citrate dextrose) or EDTA, or washed platelets can be employed; (c) adherent platelets are enumerated directly; (d) erythrocytes and leukocytes do not adhere. Washed platelets suspended in human Ringer solution exhibit negligible adhesion (at the platelet concentrations employed) in contrast to washed platelets suspended in plasma. Addition of purified human fibrinogen (95% clottable, 2-4 mg/ml) to human Ringer solution completely restores the ability of washed platelets to adhere to collagen fibers. Albumin (fatty acid free, 50 mg/ml) is also capable of restoring adhesion. Albumin and seven other proteins at concentrations of 5-10 mg/ml, with varying molecular weights, isoelectric points, and frictional coefficients are incapable of supporting the adhesion of washed platelets. The proteins tested were human globulin, hexokinase, hemoglobin, cytochrome-C, insulin, thyroglobulin, and muramidase. Platelet adhesion is proportional to both platelet concentration and fibrinogen concentration, but is independent of temperature or glycogen stores. Modification of fibrinogen by acylation of amino groups or removal of sialic acid has no effect on its ability to support platelet adhesion. Degradation of fibrinogen with purified plasmin results in decreased support of platelet adhesion. This accompanied formation of early breakdown products with clottability ranging from 84-0%. Formation of fibrinogen degradation products was monitored by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the corresponding fibrins after reduction of disulfide bonds (a method capable of distinguishing alpha-, beta- and gamma-chains). Decreased support of platelet adhesion is associated with the disappearance of intact alpha- chains and early modification of the beta-chains. Purified proteinpolysaccharide macromolecules obtained from bovine nasal and humeral cartilage, and from nucleosus pulposus are as effective as fibrinogen on a weight basis and ten to thirty times more effective on a molar basis in supporting platelet adhesion. The purified mucopolysaccharide side chains: chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate, and keratan-sulfate are incapable of supporting platelet adhesion.
Drug Promotion and Scientific Exchange
Authors: D A Kessler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Conventional methods of drug promotion — such as print advertising, direct marketing by salespeople, and the distribution of written materials at meetings — have increasingly been supplemented by nontraditional approaches that rely heavily on the involvement of researchers and other medical experts. To the extent that these activities are represented as independent educational efforts when they are in fact promotional, they can undermine the unbiased exchange of scientific information, raise questions of professional ethics, and violate the standards set by the Food and Drug Administration.Physicians who have been conducting studies in a particular field or of a certain drug . . .
Treatment of Neurasthenia.
Authors: G. R. Plummer
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Key West, Fla., Nov. 18, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> — In your editorial "Physiologic Treatment of Neurasthenia," October 31, you say, "The patient should also be instructed to sleep on his side (this may be accomplished by having him bind a cigar box on the back, or by tying a towel about the waist with the knot behind), etc." Allow me to suggest a way that I have found more successful and comfortable in several instances. Let the patient tie a strip of soft but strong cloth to one side of the bedstead; lie on his left side (for instance) on the other side, extend his right arm to its full length across his body and fasten the right wrist with the free end of the cloth. It will be impossible for him to lie on his back, yet have plenty of freedom in other positions. Yours truly,