tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unusually large von willebrand factor multimers preferentially promote young sickle and nonsickle erythrocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
Authors: Timothy M. Wick, Joel L. Moake, Mark M. Udden, Larry V. McLntire
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Sickle red blood cells (RBC) suspended with endothelial cell (EC)‐derived unusually large (UL) von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers, but not large plasma vWF forms, adhered to human venous EC under shear flow conditions. When sickle RBC were separated by density gradient centrifugation, fractions rich in less dense RBC were the most adhesive to EC in the presence of ULvWF. Incubation of sickle RBC with monoclonal antibodies against platelet surface receptors GPlb or GPIIb/llla, or with the integrin receptor agonist Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐Ser (RGDS) decreased the ULvWF‐mediated sickle RBC adhesion to EC 84%, &gt;99%, and 90%, respectively. When incubated with EC before the flow studies, anti‐GPIb antibody and RGDS inhibited the ULvWF‐mediated sickle RBC adhesion to EC. ULvWF also promoted the adhesion to EC of nonsickle RBC (HbAA) from patients with an increased proportion of young erythrocytes. When the EC supernatant was depleted of most vWF forms, young nonsickle RBC adhesion decreased by 90%. Preincubation of young nonsickle RBC with anti‐GPIb antibody, anti‐GPIIb/llla antibody, or RGDS inhibited the ULvWF‐mediated young RBC adhesion to EC by 47%, 88%, and 92%, respectively. These data indicate that (1) low‐density erythrocyte fractions enriched in young sickle or young nonsickle RBC are capable of binding ULvWF multimers via GPIb‐like and GPIIb/IIIa‐like receptors; (2) the RBC vWF receptors are lost or modified as erythrocytes age in the circulation; and (3) ULvWF/RBC complexes also bind to EC via a GPIb‐like receptor. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Remembering as doing
Authors: Ulric Neisser
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Koriat &amp; Goldsmith are right in their claim that the “ecological” and “traditional” approaches to memory rely on different metaphors. But the underlying ecological metaphor is not correspondence (which in any case is not a metaphorical notion): it is action . Remembering is a kind of doing; like most other forms of action it is purposive, personal, and particular.
Prospective and Retrospective Searches for Liver Necrosis Following Halothane Anesthesia
Authors: Leo J. DeBacker
Journal: JAMA (1966)

During an eight-year period in which there were 20,232 administrations of halothane at the University of Iowa hospitals, only one case of massive hepatic necrosis following halothane anesthesia was found. A prospective study was designed to detect evidence of subclinical cases of hepatic damage following halothane anesthesia. Serum isocitric dehydrogenase activity was measured preoperatively and one and four days postoperatively in 233 patients who received general anesthesia with halothane or other agents. Frequency of postoperative elevations of enzyme activity and the amount of elevation in individual cases were analyzed in relation to the type of anesthesia. No significant difference was found between the group who had received halothane as opposed to the group who had received all other general anesthetics.
Secondary Breast Cancer in Hodgkin's Lymphoma Survivors
Authors: Michael Crump, David Hodgson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

cancer among female HL survivors, 7 significant advances have occurred in the treatment of HL that have improved survival rates and reduced treatment-related toxicity. The regimen of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) has replaced alkylatorbased regimens such as mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) or MOPP/ABV, and is currently the standard chemotherapy regimen for limited stage HL. 8-9 Combinedmodality therapy including, MOPP/ABV or ABVD and RT has been shown to be superior to treatment without chemotherapy. 9-11 After chemotherapy, RT limited to radiologically involved nodal regions (involved field radiation [IFRT]) has been shown to give equivalent disease control and less short-term toxicity compared with extended RT fields (for example, mantle with or without upper abdominal RT). 12,13 Little is known about how much these changes in HL treatment
Women in medicine: Women do not have to choose
Authors: Clarissa Fabre
Journal: BMJ (2004)

NICE and its value judgments Option of safe "understudy" treatments should be availableEditor-The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) aims for the highest attainable standards of care. 1 The bedrock of its advice is published evidence of benefits from treatment (mainly pharmaceuticals).In the report accepted in May consideration of safety issues focused on invasive surgical and diagnostic procedures, and the "judgment" on risk assumed that such risks are small and calculable. 2 In economic terms, to distinguish between real risk (calculable and potentially manageable) and uncertainty, where judgment of costs is purely subjective, is important.In July the new health service director of research and development announced a forthcoming national programme of research on drug treatment in children.Given the serious and quite common adverse consequences of paediatric treatment reported, 3 a fundamental reassessment of child health interventions is warranted.Adverse drug reactions or interactions between new and existing drug treatments are uncertain in caring for children aged 0-16 years.NICE has hitherto sought to judge the best treatment (singular), but in an uncertain interaction between doctor and child simultaneous identification of "good enough" second line treatments that can understudy for the "best" treatment when the safety of an individual child may preclude using the most cost effective drug may make good economic sense.This "good enough for some children" standard is not currently in the expertise of the licensing authorities, but it could become a feature of NICE expertise.In the absence of safe treatment alternatives, the long term costs to some children and families (and the health service) of adverse drug reactions could be heavy.For adult health care the burden of adverse drug reactions is 6.5% of hospital admissions. 4 For childhood drug treatment, what will be our options?
Phylogeny of Lobose Amoebae Based on Actin and Small-Subunit Ribosomal RNA Genes
Authors: José F. Fahrni, Ignacio Bolivar, Cédric Berney, Elena Nassonova, Alexey Smirnov, Jan Pawlowski
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

Lobose amoebae are abundant free-living protists and important pathogenic agents, yet their evolutionary history and position in the universal tree of life are poorly known. Molecular data for lobose amoebae are limited to a few species, and all phylogenetic studies published so far lacked representatives of many of their taxonomic groups. Here we analyze actin and small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of a broad taxon sampling of naked, lobose amoebae. Our results support the existence of a monophyletic Amoebozoa clade, which comprises all lobose amoebae examined so far, the amitochondriate pelobionts and entamoebids, and the slime molds. Both actin and SSU rRNA phylogenies distinguish two well-defined clades of amoebae, the "Gymnamoebia sensu stricto" and the Archamoebae (pelobionts + entamoebids), and one weakly supported and ill-resolved group comprising some naked, lobose amoebae and the Mycetozoa.
Metabolic oxidation of glucose during early myocardial reperfusion.
Authors: B Renstrom, S H Nellis, A J Liedtke
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

We have previously studied the relation between long-chain fatty acid and pyruvate metabolism in reperfused myocardium and noted a rapid return of fatty acid oxidation to at least preischemic values accompanied by a marked decrease in pyruvate oxidation. The purpose of the present report is to further characterize carbohydrate metabolism during reflow by describing rates of glucose oxidation using [6-14C]glucose. Oxidative performance was determined with and without preserved fatty acid utilization; the latter condition was effected by oxfenicine, which inhibits palmitoylcarnitine transferase I. In the main protocol, two groups of working swine hearts (n = 18) were perfused aerobically for 30 minutes, rendered regionally ischemic (-60 delta % in anterior descending coronary flow) for 45 minutes, and reperfused at control flows for a final 50 minutes of perfusion. An emulsion of Intralipid with heparin was administered systemically throughout the studies to augment serum fatty acids (average fatty acid values, 1.05 +/- 0.05 mumol/ml for both groups). Serum glucose was monitored and maintained at or about 100 mg/dl with additional infusions of glucose as needed. Oxfenicine (33 mg/kg) was administered systemically by bolus injection at time 0 and 60 minutes of perfusion in nine animals. Decreased mechanical performance, that is, stunning, during reflow was evident in both groups (-50 delta % in regional systolic shortening, p less than or equal to 0.05 compared with aerobic values in the control group, and -32 delta %, p less than or equal to 0.05 compared with aerobic values in treated hearts).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Obstetrics for Students
Authors: T. N. A. Jeffcoate
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Three editions in nine years speaks well of the demand for this simple, concise, and illustrated account of the anatomy of the female pelvis and reproductive organs, the anatomy of the foetal skull, the physiology of con ception, the physiology of the foetus, and the anatomy and functions of the breast and kidneys. The sub-title is A Short Textbook for Students and Midwives. It certainly has much to commend it to the undergraduate who wants basic principles clearly stated, but its universal appeal must be for pupil midwives. For these it is ideal, and well deserves a continued and wide popularity. T. N. A. Jeffcoate.
SOCS3 Transactivation by PPARγ Prevents IL-17–Driven Cancer Growth
Authors: Hélène Berger, Frédérique Végran, Madijd Chikh, Federica Gilardi, Sylvain Ladoire, Hélène Bugaut, Grégoire Mignot, Fanny Chalmin, Mélanie Bruchard, Valentin Derangère, Angélique Chevriaux, Cédric Rébé, Bernhard Ryffel, Caroline Pot, Aziz Hichami, Béatrice Desvergne, François Ghiringhelli, Lionel Apetoh
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Activation of the transcription factor PPARγ by the n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is implicated in controlling proinflammatory cytokine secretion, but the intracellular signaling pathways engaged by PPARγ are incompletely characterized. Here, we identify the adapter-encoding gene SOCS3 as a critical transcriptional target of PPARγ. SOCS3 promoter binding and gene transactivation by PPARγ was associated with a repression in differentiation of proinflammatory T-helper (TH)17 cells. Accordingly, TH17 cells induced in vitro displayed increased SOCS3 expression and diminished capacity to produce interleukin (IL)-17 following activation of PPARγ by DHA. Furthermore, naïve CD4 T cells derived from mice fed a DHA-enriched diet displayed less capability to differentiate into TH17 cells. In two different mouse models of cancer, DHA prevented tumor outgrowth and angiogenesis in an IL-17–dependent manner. Altogether, our results uncover a novel molecular pathway by which PPARγ-induced SOCS3 expression prevents IL-17–mediated cancer growth. Cancer Res; 73(12); 3578–90. ©2013 AACR.
Book: Sports Medicine: Practical Guidelines for General Practice
Authors: M. B Bottomley
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Domhnall MacAuley Butterworth Heinemann £23.50 pp 280 ISBN 0 7506 3730 7 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> While the demand for education about sport and exercise medicine steadily increases, there is still a considerable reluctance among doctors to acknowledge it as a specialty, despite the provisional recognition shown recently by the Academy of the Royal Colleges. Doubters may be persuaded by the illuminating review of the history of medicine in sport that introduces this book—from the earliest records in ancient China of 2500 BC through to … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Gentamicin Tissue Accumulation and Nephrotoxic Reactions
Authors: Jerome J. Schentag
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In 64 adults treated with gentamicin sulfate, peak and trough serum concentrations rose gradually and declined in two phases after the final dose. Seventeen patients experienced renal damage. The 17 patients had greater amounts of gentamicin in tissues even after the first dose and before any renal effects were noted. This pharmacokinetic analysis provided evidence that patients who experience gentamicin-related nephrotoxic effects while receiving recommended doses of gentamicin could be distinguished from patients with no toxic effects because they experienced abnormal tissue accumulation before detectable changes in renal function occurred. (<i>JAMA</i>240:2067-2069, 1978)
Oncolytic Rat Parvovirus H-1PV, a Candidate for the Treatment of Human Lymphoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Assia L Angelova, Marc Aprahamian, Ginette Balboni, Henri-Jacques Delecluse, Regina Feederle, Irina Kiprianova, Svitlana P Grekova, Angel S Galabov, Mathias Witzens-Harig, Anthony D Ho, Jean Rommelaere, Zahari Raykov
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

The incidence of lymphomas developing in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients continues to steadily increase worldwide. Current chemotherapy and immunotherapy approaches have several limitations, such as severe side toxicity and selection of resistant cell variants. Autonomous parvoviruses (PVs), in particular the rat parvovirus H-1PV, have emerged as promising anticancer agents. Although it is apathogenic in humans, H-1PV has been shown to infect and suppress various rat and human tumors in animal models. In this study, we demonstrate the capacity of H-1PV for efficiently killing, through necrosis, cell cultures originating from Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), while sparing normal B lymphocytes. The cytotoxic effect was generally accompanied by a productive H-1PV infection. Remarkably, parvovirus-based monotherapy efficiently suppressed established BL at an advanced stage in a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model of the disease. The data show for the first time that an oncolytic parvovirus deserves further consideration as a potential tool for the treatment of some non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, including those resistant to apoptosis induction by rituximab.
Acute leukemia associated with valproic acid treatment: A novel mechanism for leukemogenesis?
Authors: Thomas E. Coyle, Alicia K. Bair, Constance Stein, Neerja Vajpayee, Syed Mehdi, Jonathan Wright
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Valproic acid has been previously associated with hematologic toxicity, including a reversible myelodysplasia‐like syndrome without chromosomal abnormalities. We now report three cases of acute leukemia with features of secondary leukemia associated with valproic acid therapy: two cases of acute myelogenous leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, one with trisomy 8 and one with monosomy 7, and one case of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia with del (7) (q22q34), del (9) (q21.11q22), del (11) (q12q23). One patient had a previous myelodysplastic syndrome while on valproic acid. Valproic acid has been previously shown to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Inhibition of histone deacetylase causes a relaxation of chromatin structure and thus increases susceptibility to DNA damage and sensitizes cells to radiation. We propose that valproic acid therapy may lead to secondary leukemia by increasing DNA damage through chronic inhibition of histone deacetylase. Am. J. Hematol. 78:256–260, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Latex Fixation in Liver Disease
Authors: P. R. Butler, A. Paton
Journal: BMJ (1964)

no knowledge as to whether it is a widely recognized occurrence.Last year I was treating an elderly lady who suffered from congestive heart failure and severe osteoarthritis of her knees.Oral diuretics were insufficient to control the ex- tensive oedema of her legs and it seemed desirable to reinforce this with weekly injec- tion of " neptal " (o-(2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymercuripropylcarbomyl) phenoxyacetic acid and theophylline).This produced a satisfac- tory diminution in the oedema, but it became very evident that on each occasion it was accompanied by exacerbation of the pain in her knees, which improved as the oedema re- formed in the course of the next few days.Your article suggests that the lubrication of joints depends on the viscosity of the synovial fluid rather than on the quantity, but the inference I drew from my patient was that the bone surfaces were being kept separated by an increased volume of intra-articular fluid, as part of the general oedema of the leg, and that the diuretic produced a relative intra-articular dehydration and consequent friction.At all events the patient was grate- ful when I treated her oedema less diligently.-I am, etc.,
The AHA Clinical Cardiac Consult
Authors: Kenneth B. Desser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes18 September 2001The AHA Clinical Cardiac ConsultKenneth B. Desser, MDKenneth B. Desser, MDGood Samaritan Regional Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona. (Desser)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Alpert JS, ed. 311 pages. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2001. $59.95. ISBN 0781724201. Order phone 800-638-0672.Field of medicine: Cardiovascular medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Primary care physicians, cardiologists, and trainees.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive overview of cardiovascular disease in a condensed format.Content: Eighty-five contributors cover 141 topics. Chapters are arranged alphabetically, starting with “Acromegaly” and ending with “Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome.” Each section covers basic information, diagnosis, treatment, medication, follow-up, and miscellaneous matters. Selected topics in pediatric cardiology patients are covered.Highlights: The abbreviated layout of the material is very effective and resembles a slide presentation. The content ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona. (Desser) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 September 2001Volume 135, Issue 6Page: 472KeywordsAcromegalyCardiology and cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular therapyInternational Classification of DiseasesInternetPediatric cardiologyPrimary care physiciansSoftware tools ePublished: 18 September 2001 Issue Published: 18 September 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abnormalities of right ventricular function following Mustard's operation for transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: T P Graham, G F Atwood, R J Boucek, R C Boerth, H W Bender
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Postoperative data were obtained at cardiac catheterization in twelve patients studied 6-29 months following Mustard's operation for transposition of the great arteries (TGA) to assess the incidence and severity of abnormalities of right ventricular (RV) function. Age at operation was 5-13 months in seven patients (infant group) and 19-25 months in the remaining five patients. RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) decreased in all patients following surgery and averaged 123% of normal in the postoperative group (NS). RV ejection fraction (EF) was depressed postoperatively averaging 0.45 (69% of normal (P less than 0.001) as was RV systolic output (78% of normal, P less than 0.01). LVEDV averaged 65% of normal (P less than 0.001), LVEF 0.67 (103% of normal, NS), and LV systolic output 67% of normal (P less than 0.001) following operation. Left atrial (systemic venous) volume was decreased in all postoperative patients averaging only 39% of normal (P less than 0.001). A high incidence (greater than 50%) of partial baffle obstruction was found and LV systolic output showed a significant negative correlation with baffle gradients. The low output postoperatively may be related to decreased LV filling pressure, a small LV reservoir, and thus a small atrial "booster pump." Pressure-velocity indices of RV contractile function in four patients showed a poor correlation with pump function. Long-term follow-up will be required to determine the clinical significance of the abnormalities of venous return and ventricular function.
Surgical Correction of Anomalous Left Ventricular Pre-excitation: Wolff-Parkinson-White (Type A)
Authors: ANDREW G. WALLACE, WILL C. SEALY, JOHN J. GALLAGHER, ROBERT H. SVENSON, HAROLD C. STRAUSS, JACK KASELL
Journal: Circulation (1974)

This report describes two patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome including episodes of supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. Both patients had Type A electrocardiograms. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated pre-excitation and evidence that the site of pre-excitation involved the left ventricle. The effective refractory periods of the accessory pathway during atrioventricular conduction were 240 and 220 msec respectively. Epicardial mapping at the time of surgery showed that anomalous excitation began adjacent to the annulus of the mitral valve near a marginal branch of the left circumflex coronary artery. An incision which separated the atrial muscle from the annulus of the mitral valve at the region of anomalous excitation abolished the delta wave. Epicardial maps after surgery showed normal ventricular activation and follow-up studies have shown normal electrocardiograms and no arrhythmias.
Advice from a Medical Expert through the Internet on Queries about AIDS and Hepatitis: Analysis of a Pilot Experiment
Authors: Javier Marco, Raquel Barba, Juan E Losa, Carlos Martínez de la Serna, María Sainz, Isabel Fernández Lantigua, Jose Luis de la Serna
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Background Advice from a medical expert on concerns and queries expressed anonymously through the Internet by patients and later posted on the Web, offers a new type of patient–doctor relationship. The aim of the current study was to perform a descriptive analysis of questions about AIDS and hepatitis made to an infectious disease expert and sent through the Internet to a consumer-oriented Web site in the Spanish language. Methods and Findings Questions were e-mailed and the questions and answers were posted anonymously in the “expert-advice” section of a Web site focused on AIDS and hepatitis. We performed a descriptive study and a temporal analysis of the questions received in the first 12 months after the launch of the site. A total of 899 questions were received from December 2003 to November 2004, with a marked linear growth pattern. Questions originated in Spain in 68% of cases and 32% came from Latin America (the Caribbean, Central America, and South America). Eighty percent of the senders were male. Most of the questions concerned HIV infection (79%) with many fewer on hepatitis (17%) . The highest numbers of questions were submitted just after the weekend (37% of questions were made on Mondays and Tuesdays). Risk factors for contracting HIV infection were the most frequent concern (69%), followed by the window period for detection (12.6%), laboratory results (5.9%), symptoms (4.7%), diagnosis (2.7%), and treatment (2.2%). Conclusions Our results confirm a great demand for this type of “ask-the-expert” Internet service, at least for AIDS and hepatitis. Factors such as anonymity, free access, and immediate answers have been key factors in its success.