tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Hemodynamic Technic for the Detection of Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis
Authors: EDWIN C. BROCKENBROUGH, EUGENE BRAUNWALD, ANDREW G. MORROW
Journal: Circulation (1961)

In the presence of valvular aortic stenosis or of discrete subvalvular stenosis, the narrowed orifice is constant and its size is not altered by changes in the force of ventricular contraction. In hypertrophic subaortic stenosis the orifice narrows during systolic contraction of the hypertrophied muscle in the left ventricular outflow tract and the orifice size therefore is a function of the force of left ventricular contraction. In 75 patients, proved to have the discrete, "fixed" type of aortic or subaortic stenosis the beats following the compensatory pause after a premature contraction were always characterized by higher left ventricular systolic pressures and larger systemic arterial pulse pressures than the normal beats, i.e., arterial pulse pressure varied directly with left ventricular systolic pressure and with the duration of diastole. In 12 patients proved to have hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, the beats following premature contractions always exhibited lower arterial pulse pressures than did the normal beats, i.e., arterial pulse pressure varied inversely with left ventricular systolic pressure and with the duration of diastole. The distinction between these two types of obstruction to left ventricular outflow may be established with confidence by this analysis of the effects of premature ventricular contractions on either the simultaneously recorded left ventricular and arterial pressure pulses, or on the arterial pressure pulses alone. The recognition of hypertrophic subaortic stenosis is essential in formulating a rational plan of treatment for all patients with obstruction to left ventricular outflow, and the hemodynamic technic described affords a simple but reliable diagnostic approach.
Dermoscopy of Bowen's disease
Authors: I. Zalaudek, G. Argenziano, B. Leinweber, L. Citarella, R. Hofmann-Wellenhof, J. Malvehy, S. Puig, M.A. Pizzichetta, L. Thomas, H.P. Soyer, H. Kerl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Dermoscopy improves the diagnostic accuracy in pigmented skin lesions, but it is also useful in the evaluation of nonpigmented skin tumours as it allows the recognition of vascular structures that are not visible to the naked eye. Bowen's disease (BD) or squamous cell carcinoma in situ is usually nonpigmented, but may also rarely be pigmented. Objective To describe the dermoscopic features in a series of pigmented and nonpigmented BD. Methods Dermoscopic images of 21 histopathologically proven BD were evaluated for the presence of various dermoscopic features. Each lesion was photographed using the Dermaphot (Heine Optotechnik, Herrsching, Germany), at 10‐fold magnification, and the colour slides were scanned to digital format using a Kodak Photo CD system. Results The majority of cases of BD revealed a peculiar dermoscopic pattern characterized by glomerular vessels (90%) and a scaly surface (90%). In addition, in pigmented BD small brown globules regularly packed in a patchy distribution (90%), and structureless grey to brown pigmentation (80%) were observed. Conclusions Dermoscopy can be helpful for diagnosing BD because of the presence of repetitive morphological findings such as glomerular vessels and a scaly surface. In pigmented BD, small brown globules and/or homogeneous pigmentation can be seen as well.
On some medicoliterary alliances.
Authors: D Smithers
Journal: BMJ (1985)

before the Royal College of Surgeons of England and the Worshipful Company of Barbers of London, and containing extracts from a forthcoming book, This Idle Trade. in nature and achievement, who shared our profession with that of letters.This small corner of our history and heritage is of special interest because medicine has produced more great writers than any other of what used to be called "the learned professions.
Trials and Tribulations in Establishing a Community Hospital Psychiatric Unit
Authors: ROBERT A. MOORE, ROBERT A. HENRY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Descriptions of the general hospital psychiatric unit are often based upon facilities in large university centers and teaching hospitals. The psychiatric unit in a small community hospital faces very different problems. The authors review the steps they took in organizing and operating such a unit. Mistakes that might have been avoided are discussed, as well as those strong points that anyone planning a general hospital unit might wish to consider. Highly recommended is a "strong" director arrangement, allowing ample time for training, supervision, and administration.
1079-82 Intramyocardial injection of autologous bone marrow cells improves myocardial perfusion in severe ischemic heart disease: A 30-day assessment
Authors: Luís H Gowdak, Isolmar Schettert, Marcelo C Vieira, Carlos E Rochitte, Cláudio Meneghetti, Luiz A.M César, Dalton Chamone, JoséE Krieger, JoséA Ramires, Sérgio A de Oliveira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
ED-04 * SURVIVAL RATES AMONG CANADIAN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMOURS: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON STATISTICS CANADA DATA, 1992-2010
Authors: F. Davis, C. Nagamuthu, Y. Yuan, M. Li
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: There is little information availableon brain tumour survival among the Canadian population. The objective is to investigate patterns of survival among patients with malignant brain tumours in Canada by province/territory, age at diagnosis, histology, and time period. We aim to examine whether outcomes have improved over time and whether they are consistent with those reported in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the Canadian Cancer Registry are available through Statistics Canada. Data on all primary brain tumours diagnosed between 1992-2010 have been requested for analysis. Analysis will be restricted to patients with no previous history of cancer and no subsequent development of second primaries. Survival curves will be estimated where there are at least 20 events to provide precision to the estimates given that these are rare tumours. Overall and stratified survival rates (1, 2, 5 and 10 year) by province/territory, age at diagnosis, histology and time period and 95% confidence intervals will be estimated. Standard Kaplan Meier and Proportional Hazards survival analysis techniques will be performed to calculate survival curves, using SAS software. RESULTS: New information to health care providers and decision makers will be presented. CONCLUSION: These data will provide a pan-Canadian picture of primary malignant brain tumour survival over time; including overall and subgroup estimates which will be compared with published rates from the Central Brain Tumour Registry of the US. Identified areas for improvement will potentially influence brain tumour management.
How Sensitive Are Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Harboring EGFR Gene–Sensitive Mutations?
Authors: Akito Hata, Nobuyuki Katakami, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Kei Kunimasa, Shiro Fujita, Reiko Kaji, Kenji Notohara, Yukihiro Imai, Ryo Tachikawa, Keisuke Tomii, Yohei Korogi, Masahiro Iwasaku, Akihiro Nishiyama, Tadashi Ishida
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Protection against HIV-1 gp120-induced brain damage by neuronal expression of human amyloid precursor protein.
Authors: L Mucke, C R Abraham, M D Ruppe, E M Rockenstein, S M Toggas, M Mallory, M Alford, E Masliah
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Expression of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 in brains of transgenic (tg) mice induces extensive neurodegeneration (Toggas, S. M., E. Masliah, E. M. Rockenstein, G. F. Rall, C. R. Abraham, and L. Mucke. 1994. Nature [Lond.]. 367:188-193.). To further analyze the pathogenesis of gp120-induced neurotoxicity and to assess the neuroprotective potential of human amyloid precursor proteins (hAPPs) in vivo, different hAPP isoforms were expressed in neurons of gp120/hAPP-bigenic mice: hAPP751, which contains a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor domain, or hAPP695, which lacks this domain. Bigenic mice overexpressing hAPP751 at moderate levels showed significantly less neuronal loss, synapto-dendritic degeneration, and gliosis than singly tg mice expressing gp120 alone. In contrast, higher levels of hAPP695 expression in bigenic mice failed to prevent gp120-induced brain damage. These data indicate that hAPP can exert important neuroprotective functions in vivo and that the efficiency of this protection may depend on the hAPP isoform expressed and/or on the level of neuronal hAPP expression. Hence, molecules that mimic beneficial APP activities may be useful in the prevention/treatment of HIV-1-associated nervous system damage and, perhaps, also of other types of neural injury.
Exome sequencing identifies recurrent mutations of the splicing factor SF3B1 gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Víctor Quesada, Laura Conde, Neus Villamor, Gonzalo R Ordóñez, Pedro Jares, Laia Bassaganyas, Andrew J Ramsay, Sílvia Beà, Magda Pinyol, Alejandra Martínez-Trillos, Mónica López-Guerra, Dolors Colomer, Alba Navarro, Tycho Baumann, Marta Aymerich, María Rozman, Julio Delgado, Eva Giné, Jesús M Hernández, Marcos González-Díaz, Diana A Puente, Gloria Velasco, José M P Freije, José M C Tubío, Romina Royo, Josep L Gelpí, Modesto Orozco, David G Pisano, Jorge Zamora, Miguel Vázquez, Alfonso Valencia, Heinz Himmelbauer, Mónica Bayés, Simon Heath, Marta Gut, Ivo Gut, Xavier Estivill, Armando López-Guillermo, Xose S Puente, Elías Campo, Carlos López-Otín
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Metabolism of the food mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) in isolated liver cells from guinea pig, hamster, mouse, and rat.
Authors: J Alexander, B H Fossum, J A Holme
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The metabolism of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), the most abundant compound of the aminoimidazoazaarens (AIA) group of mutagens/carcinogens isolated from the crust of fried and broiled meat, was examined in freshly isolated hepatocytes from untreated rat, mouse, hamster, and guinea pig. Activation was evaluated by the total level of covalent binding of PhIP to macromolecules. Rat hepatocytes had the lowest rate of metabolism, both to reactive and detoxified metabolites. The products were identified as 4'-PhIP-sulfate, PhIP-glucuronide, and N(OH)-PhIP-glucuronide. The ring hydroxylation rate was much greater in mouse hepatocytes, the main products being 4'-PhIP-sulfate and 4-hydroxy-PhIP. The level of covalent binding in the mouse hepatocytes exceeded those of the rat and guinea pig at high doses of PhIP. An extensive metabolism was seen in guinea pig hepatocytes, the major products being 4'-PhIP-sulfate, 4'-O-PhIP glucuronide, PhIP-glucuronide, and N(OH)-PhIP-glucuronide. In addition, several other unknown metabolites were formed. However, the amount of covalent binding in guinea pig hepatocytes was similar to that in rat hepatocytes. Covalent binding of PhIP metabolites was highest in hamster hepatocytes. Three of the main metabolites were identified as 4'-PhIP-sulfate, 4'-O-PhIP-glucuronide, and PhIP-glucuronide, but several unknown PhIP metabolites also were formed. Only minor amounts of N(OH)-PhIP-glucuronide were produced in the hamster. The present study shows that both the direct detoxification of PhIP and further conjugation of the 2-hydroxylamino-PhIP to reactive and/or detoxified metabolites are important for the resulting covalent binding.
Selecting patients for cerebral angiography before carotid endarterectomy.
Authors: P Humphrey
Journal: BMJ (1990)

the 35 who had moved into it (excluding the six children who had moved away or had no records).Doctors who are enthusiastic immunisers in practices with a high turnover of children therefore have to work exceptionally hard, as immunised children who move away tend to be replaced by those who have not been immunised.Un- fortunately, not even enthusiasts can give preschool boosters to children who have not completed the primary course.The practice's overall uptake of the preschool booster was disappointing at 68%, well below that of the primary course, which then averaged 85% across the new contract's three immunisation groups.The uptake has since been improved to 77% and can no doubt be improved further.For many practices, however, a target of 90% seems even more unreasonable for the preschool booster than for the primary course.
ABC of transfusion. Therapeutic apheresis.
Authors: S J Urbaniak, E A Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Therapeutic apheresis is the removal of blood or one of its components from the body for clinical purposes, usually by automated blood cell separators.Cytapheresis removes cellular constituents, whereas in plasmapheresis the cells are returned and the plasma retained.When large volumes of material are removed some form of replacement is required and the procedure is one t A t of "exchange" (for example, red cell exchange or plasma exchange); the terms plasmapheresis and plasma exchange are often (loosely) used interchangeably.The procedures are not curative but are adjuncts to conventional treatment in which relief of symptoms or control of pathological processes may be achieved quickly.Rarely, long term control of a disease may be accomplished with less morbidity than with chemotherapy, as in the tion of hyperviscosity of macroglobulinaemia.Apheresis can affect only the intravascular compartment, and the efficacy of treatment will depend on the volume of blood processed, the rapidity with which the cells or plasma components can be mobilised from the extravascular compartments and the balance between catabolism and synthesis, on the one hand, and the constituents of the replacement fluid on the other.Cytapheresis Anti-Rh(D) (Rh haemolytic disease) Functions of plasma exchange Removal of: * Antibodies-alloantibodies -autoantibodies Goodpasture's disease; myasthenia gravis -immune complexes Systemic lupus erythematosus * Excessive or abnormal constituents Paraproteins (multiple myeloma) Phytanic acid (Refsum's disease) Familial hypercholesterolaemia * Protein bound toxins and drugs ax-Amanitin (mushroom poisoning) * Antigens Drug induced systemic lupu5 erythematosus Replacement of: * Factors in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic uraemic syndrome * Normal immunoglobulin
Newborn Care After Cesarean Section
Authors: Jean D. Lockhart
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section of The Journal (1980;244:2457) the question was asked: Who Is Responsible for Newborn Care After Cesarean Section?  This issue is of special concern to pediatricians and anesthesiologists and has been addressed in part in a published statement.1  In essence, each hospital should develop a plan for newborn care responsibility, and the person who resuscitates the newborn should be the one who is best qualified to do so.  The Committee on Fetus and Newborn of the American Academy of Pediatrics does not consider that elective repeated cesarean delivery necessarily constitutes a high-risk situation for the infant. However, the duties of the surgical team may preclude their caring for a distressed infant. Therefore, another qualified person should be present in the delivery room to care for the infant.
817. Protein Transduction Domain Mediated DFRD Correction of CFTR Function in Airway Cells from DF508 Homozygous CF Patients
Authors: Zhibao Mi, Fei Sun, Xiaoli Lu, Steve Condliffe, Xiaoyan Gong, Joseph Pilewski, Raymond A. Frizzell, Paul D. Robbins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF), associated with a loss of cAMP-regulated anion conductance at epithelial cell apical membranes. The common folding mutant, DF508CFTR, is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is degraded by ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. DF508CFTR retention in the ER involves prolonged association with molecular chaperones. We have shown that adenovirus mediated gene expression of the first nucleotide-binding domain plus the regulatory domain (RD) from DF508CFTR (DFRD) facilitates the biogenesis of mature, full-length DF508CFTR protein and elicits cAMP-stimulated anion transport in primary human bronchial epithelial cells isolated from homozygous DF508 CF patients (DF/DF cells). However, viral mediated gene delivery into airway tissue suffers from low infection efficiencies. Recently, we have identified a class of cationic protein transduction domains (PTDs), able to transduce variety of cells and tissues in vitro and in vivo, including human airway cells and mouse airway epithelial cells, and another non-cationic class of PTDs, such as AWP1, specifically targeting to airway tissue from M13 phage display library. Fusion of DFRD with the cationic PTD-5 evokes a dose-dependent, cAMP-stimulated anion efflux in DF/DF cells. The co-chaperone, Hdj2, selectively binds DF508CFTR. Expression of DFRD produced a dose-dependent decrease in the DF508CFTR-Hdj2 interaction and in |[Delta]|F508CFTR protein aggregation. The PTD-5-DFRD fusion protein blocked this interaction in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that disruption of the interactions of Hdj2 with DF508CFTR by gene and protein transduction-mediated delivery of DFRD restores its maturation, trafficking and regulated anion channel activity. These results suggest that protein transduction domain-mediated DFRD fragment delivery may provide a therapy for CF.
The Internist's Reading: One Kind of “Success”
Authors: Abraham Verghese
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 November 1994The Internist's Reading: One Kind of “Success”Abraham Verghese, MDAbraham Verghese, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail As a busy internist, it has been easy for me to justify forsaking nonmedical reading in order to keep up with the journals, the monographs, the updates, and the “Seminars in __” that pile up on my office desk and eventually spill off of my nightstand at home. But in this era of AIDS, the reading of fiction, poetry, and literary nonfiction has taken on a different quality for me, I might even say an urgent quality: Fiction and poetry allow me to freely cross the boundaries that limit me in the daytime. For all of the sophisticated medical technology ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: Abraham Verghese, MD, Texas Tech Medical Center, 4800 Alberta Avenue, El Paso, TX 79905. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHumanistic Qualities in End-of-Life Care: Lessons from The Diving Bell and the Butterfly: A Memoir of Life in Death —Required Reading in an End-of-Life Care Curriculum for Internal Medicine ResidentsPoetry on rounds: a model for the integration of humanities into residency training 15 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 10Page: 821-822KeywordsAIDSAcademic medicineAttentionBrainConsciousnessCyclic adenosine monophosphateJewish peopleSafetyWarts ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Glycemic Control and the Risk for Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus: The Finnish Studies
Authors: Markku Laakso
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Purpose: To review population-based studies that investigated the association and nature of association between glycemic control and the risk for coronary heart disease in patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Data Sources: Study 1 included 133 newly diagnosed patients with NIDDM from eastern Finland, who were 45 to 64 years of age at baseline. These patients were followed up to 10 years for cardiovascular mortality. Study 2 included 229 newly or previously diagnosed patients with NIDDM from eastern Finland, aged 65 to 74 years at baseline. These patients were followed up to 3.5 years for coronary heart disease mortality and all coronary heart disease events (mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction). Study Selection: Prospective, population-based studies that included indicators of glycemic control and the evaluation of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk. Results: Study 1: 10-year cardiovascular mortality was significantly and linearly associated with glycemic control (fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1 levels) independently of the mode of treatment. A high fasting blood glucose level significantly predicted cardiovascular mortality in multiple logistic regression analysis independently of other risk factors. Study 2: Glycated hemoglobin A1c was the most important single risk factor associated with coronary heart disease death or all coronary heart disease events. In multiple logistic regression analysis, glycated hemoglobin A1c was significantly associated with coronary heart disease death after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Two prospective, population-based studies from Finland give evidence for the linear association of glycemic control with the risk for coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly patients with NIDDM.
FTY720-induced lymphocyte homing modulates post-transplant preservation/reperfusion injury
Authors: Duska Dragun, Torsten Böhler, Melina Nieminen-Kelhä, Johannes Waiser, Wolfgang Schneider, Hermann Haller, Friedrich C. Luft, Klemens Budde, Hans-Hellmut Neumayer
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Mirror neurons are central for a second-person neuroscience: Insights from developmental studies
Authors: Elizabeth Ann Simpson, Pier Francesco Ferrari
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Based on mirror neurons' properties, viewers are emotionally engaged when observing others – even when not actively interacting; therefore, characterizing non-participatory action-viewing as isolated may be misleading. Instead, we propose a continuum of socio-emotional engagement. We also highlight recent developmental work that uses a second-person perspective, investigating behavioral, physiological, and neural activity during caregiver–infant interactions.
Cytoglobin: A Novel Globin Type Ubiquitously Expressed inVertebrate Tissues
Authors: Thorsten Burmester, Bettina Ebner, Bettina Weich, Thomas Hankeln
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

Vertebrates possess multiple respiratory globins that differ in terms of structure, function, and tissue distribution. Three types of globins have been described so far: hemoglobin facilitates the transport of oxygen in the blood, myoglobin serves oxygen transport and storage in the muscle, and neuroglobin has a yet unidentified function in nerve cells. Here we report the identification of a fourth and novel type of globin in mouse, man, and zebrafish. It is expressed in apparently all types of human tissue and therefore has been called cytoglobin (CYGB). Mouse and human CYGBs comprise 190 amino acids; the zebrafish CYGB, 174 amino acids. The human CYGB gene is located on chromosome 17q25. The mammalian genes display a unique exon-intron pattern with an additional exon resulting in a C-terminal extension of the protein, which is absent in the fish CYGB. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the CYGBs had a common ancestor with vertebrate myoglobins. This indicates that the vertebrate myoglobins are in fact a specialized intracellular globin that evolved in adaptation to the special needs of muscle cells.