tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE ON THE RESPIRATION OF PATIENTS WITH EMPHYSEMA AND HYPERCAPNIA*
Authors: John M. Tyler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

The possibility that progesterone could influence breathing was first suggested by studies investigating the respiration of pregnant women.In 1912 Leimdorfer, Novak and Porges (1) found that the alveolar concentration of CO2 was lower in pregnant women than it was in the same individuals when they were not.pregnant.These observa- tions were amplified and confirmed in 1915 by Hasselbalch and Gammeltoft (2).Beginning in 1947, Dbring, Heerhaber and co-workers (3-5) investigated the effect of pregnancy in lowering the alveolar CO2 tension and later extended the stud- ies to measurements of CO, tension made during the normal menstrual cycle.They were able to show that the alveolar CO2 tension was depressed in the luteal phase of the cycle and that if preg- nancy occurred this depression continued through- out gestation, rising shortly after delivery.This suggested to them that progesterone might play a role in the genesis of the decrease in alveolar CO2 tension and they were able to show that 50 mg. of progesterone given intramuscularly to normal men caused a stimulus to breathing which reached its maximum about 12 hours after injection.Persistent hypercapnia is a frequent finding in the terminal stages of chronic pulmonary disease.Present long-term methods for lowering this hy- percapnia are not satisfactory.Since Daring and Heerhaber's studies were limited to single injec- tions of progesterone, and because the effect of progesterone on respiration in the presence of hy- percapnia was not known, the following studies were done to investigate the effect of repeated in- jections of progesterone on the respiration of pa- tients with chronic pulmonary disease and elevated levels of arterial pCO2.In an attempt to evaluate the relation of chemical structure to function, some
The impact of liver disease and medical complications on quality of life and psychological distress before and after liver transplantation
Authors: Manuela De Bona, Paola Ponton, Mario Ermani, Rosa Maria Iemmolo, Alessandra Feltrin, Patrizia Boccagni, Giorgio Gerunda, Remo Naccarato, Giampietro Rupolo, Patrizia Burra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
A chimeric receptor/oncogene that can be regulated by a ligand in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: K Okuda, A D'Andrea, R A Etten, J D Griffin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The BCR/ABL oncogene encodes an activated tyrosine kinase that causes human chronic myelogenous leukemia. The mechanism of transformation, however, is complex and not well understood. One of the important contributions of BCR to transformation is believed to be dimerization or oligomerization of ABL, thereby activating ABL tyrosine kinase activity. We reasoned that if ABL was dimerized through other mechanisms, activation of the tyrosine kinase activity should also result, and the activated kinase may also be transforming. Erythropoietin is known to activate its receptor by causing dimerization, and therefore a synthetic oncogene was created by linking the extracytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of the EPO receptor with c-ABL. This chimeric receptor was stably expressed in Ba/F3 cells and, in the absence of EPO, had no detectable biological effect on the cells. EPO, however, induced a rapid, dose-dependent activation of ABL tyrosine kinase activity and phosphorylation of several cellular proteins. The major target proteins have been identified, and are very similar to the known substrates of BCR/ABL, including Shc, CBL, CRKL, and several proteins in the cytoskeleton. EPO treatment also resulted in biological effects that were remarkably similar to those of BCR/ABL, including improved viability, altered integrin function, and a weak mitogenic signal. The biological effects were in part dose-dependent, in that low EPO concentrations enhanced viability but did not cause proliferation. At high EPO doses, kinase activation was maximal, and a mitogenic effect was also revealed. In nude mice, Ba/F3 cells expressing this chimeric receptor did not cause detectable disease without administration of pharmacologic doses of EPO. If EPO was given intraperitoneally 5 days a week, however, a dose-dependent lethal leukemia resulted. This ligand-regulatable oncogene mimics some of the biological effects of BCR/ABL, and analysis of ABL mutants in this system will be useful to dissect the signaling pathways that cause CML.
INTRACORONARY ABCIXIMAB AND ASPIRATION THROMBECTOMY DURING PRIMARY PCI FOR ANTERIOR STEMI: ONE–YEAR RESULTS FROM THE RANDOMIZED INFUSE–AMI TRIAL
Authors: Gregg W. Stone, Akiko Maehara, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Jacek Godlewski, Helen Parise, Jan–Henk Dambrink, Andrzej Ochala, Trevor Carlton, Ecaterina Cristea, Steven Wolf, Sorin Brener, Saqib Chowdhary, magdi el–omar, Thomas Neunteufl, Christopher Metzger, Jose Dizon, Roxana Mehran, C. Michael Gibson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Untoward effects associated with practolol administration: oculomucocutaneous syndrome.
Authors: P Wright
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, conjunctival scarring, fibrosis, metaplasia, and shrinkage developed in 27 patients as an adverse reaction to practolol. Rashes, nasal and mucosal ulceration, fibrous or plastic peritonitis, pleurisy, cochlear damage, and secretory otitis media also occurred in some cases. Three patients suffered profound visual loss though most retained good vision. Symptoms and signs improved on withdrawal of the drug, but reduction of tear secretion persisted in most patients.
Functioning and Disability in Bipolar Disorder: An Extensive Review
Authors: J. Sanchez-Moreno, A. Martinez-Aran, R. Tabarés-Seisdedos, C. Torrent, E. Vieta, J.L. Ayuso-Mateos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2009)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Bipolar disorder has generally been regarded as having a better functional outcome than schizophrenia. However, studies have suggested low functioning in bipolar patients even when they are in clinical remission. Our aim was to determine the degree of functioning and disability in bipolar patients. Secondly, we reviewed factors potentially associated with the low functioning of bipolar patients. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; The authors conducted an extensive Medline and Pubmed search of the published literature from 1980 up to December 2007, using a variety of search terms to find relevant articles. Bibliographies of retrieved papers were further analysed for publications of interest. Articles that reported clinically significant findings on functioning and disability, and research reports were reviewed in detail. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; From these articles, we determined that bipolar disorder is associated with significant impairment in work, family and social life, beyond the acute phases of the illness. The aspects that appear to increase the risk of low functioning and disability in bipolar patients are mainly subsyndromal symptoms and neurocognitive impairment, among others. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Suitable pharmacological and psychological interventions may improve the level of functioning and reduce the disability in bipolar patients. Potential targets to be considered for intervention should be residual symptoms, comorbid conditions and neurocognitive deficits. Further research is required to better identify the factors that best predict functioning in bipolar patients.
Gene Location and Bacterial Sequence Divergence
Authors: Alex Mira, Howard Ochman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

Previous comparison of a relatively small set of homologous genes from Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium revealed that genes nearer to the origin of replication had substitution rates lower than genes closer to the replication terminus. The recently completed sequences of numerous bacterial genomes have allowed us to test whether this effect of distance from the replication origin on substitution rates, as observed for the E. coli–S. typhimurium comparison, is a general feature of bacterial genomes. Extending the analysis to all 3,000 E. coli–S. typhimurium homologs confirmed the significant association between chromosomal position and synonymous site divergence. However, the effect, though still significant, is not as dramatic as originally thought. A similar association between relative chromosomal location and synonymous substitution rate was detected in the majority of other bacterial species comparisons within α- and γ- Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes but was absent in Chlamydiales. The opposite trend, i.e., a decrease in synonymous divergence with distance from the replication origin, was detected in Mycobacteria. Analysis of the patterns of nucleotide substitutions revealed that the distance effect is not affected by gene orientation and is mainly caused by an increase in rates of transversions, suggesting that this effect may not be caused by recombinational repair or biased gene conversion, as originally suggested.
Effects of wide variations in portal pressure on mesenteric blood flow and absorption from the canine colon.
Authors: A S Grandison, I D Harrison, R Shields
Journal: Gut (1980)

Splanchnic blood flow was studied over a wide range of portal pressures in five dogs. An inverse linear relationship between flow and pressure was found in the range from 6 to 42 mmHg. The colonic absorption of ammonia, water, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, and chloride was measured in four dogs over a similar range of portal pressures. Absorption of ammonia, water, sodium, and chloride was significantly reduced by increasing portal pressure, and this reduction was abolished when portal pressure was allowed to return to the basal level. It is suggested that splanchnic decompression by portasystemic shunt gives rise to increased mesenteric flow and increased colonic ammonia absorption, which may contribute to portasystemic encephalopathy.
Assisted Ventilation for Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Pamela B. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Forty-six patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), 1 month to 32 years of age, had 51 episodes of assisted ventilation. Thirty-five (69%) died after 1 to 395 days of mechanical ventilation and six others (12%) died in the hospital 1 to 42 days after assisted ventilation therapy was discontinued. Only three patients survived longer than one year after discharge. These results are much poorer than those reported for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of other causes probably because of the different natural history and response to therapy in CF. Patients with CF whose conditions progressively deteriorated despite optimal therapy and no longer respond to antibiotic and physical therapy are not good candidates for mechanical ventilation. The occasional patient with good baseline status in whom acute respiratory failure develops should be considered for assisted ventilation.
FREQUENCY AND PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF ELEVATED LEFT ATRIAL PRESSURE IN THE PRESENCE OF NORMAL RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: RESULTS FROM A PROSPECTIVE COHORT OF 442 PATIENTS
Authors: Waaas Aftab, Padmini Varadarajan, Ali Motabar, Juliana Gazallo, Ramdas Pai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Evidence-Based Guidelines Meet the Real World
Authors: Anne C. Larme, Jacqueline A. Pugh
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—Improving diabetes care in the U.S. is critical because diabetes rates are increasing dramatically, particularly among minority and low-income populations. Although evidence-based practice guidelines for diabetes have been widely disseminated, many physicians fail to implement them. The objective of this study was to explore what happens to diabetes practice guidelines in real-world clinical settings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A qualitative research design was used. Open-ended semistructured interviews lasting 1–2 h were conducted with 32 key informants (physicians, certified diabetes educators, researchers, and agency personnel) selected for their knowledge of diabetes care in South Texas, an area with a high diabetes prevalence and a large proportion of minority and low-income patients. RESULTS—Health professionals stress that contextual factors are more important barriers to optimal diabetes care than physician knowledge and attitudes. Barriers exist at multiple levels and are interrelated in a complex manner. Examples include the following: time constraints and practice economics in the private practice setting; the need to maintain referral relationships and maldistribution of professionals in the practice community; low awareness and low socioeconomic status among patients; and lack of access for low-income patients, low reimbursement, and insufficient focus on prevention in the U.S. health care system. CONCLUSIONS—Contextual barriers must be addressed in order for diabetes practice guidelines to be implemented in real-world clinical practice. Suggested changes include an increased focus on prevention, improvements in health care delivery for chronic diseases, and increased attention to the special needs of minority and low-income populations.
Abstract 5567: Pancreatic disease-specific carriers of the CA 19-9 antigen identified by antibody microarrays and mass spectrometry
Authors: Tingting Yue, Mary C. Hurley, Randel E. Brand, Philip C. Andrews, Brian B. Haab
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Distinguishing patients with malignant pancreatic tumors from those with benign conditions is critical for doctors to make proper treatment decisions. However, this process is usually costly and invasive due to the lack of a simple detection method such as a blood test. The current standard serological biomarker of pancreatic cancer, the CA 19-9 antigen, is not accurate enough for early diagnosis due to its occasional elevation in benign pancreatic diseases. The CA 19-9 antigen is a carbohydrate epitope found on multiple protein carriers. We sought to determine whether the protein carriers of the CA 19-9 antigen are different between benign and malignant pancreatic disease, and whether these differences could be harnessed to develop improved biomarkers. Two approaches were used to investigate this question. In the first, we used antibody microarrays to capture multiple different mucins from the sera of early-stage pancreatic cancer patients (n = 33), late-stage pancreatic cancer patients (n = 17), pancreatitis patients (n = 38), and healthy control subjects (n = 20), and we probed the level of the CA 19-9 antigen on the captured proteins using a monoclonal antibody. Pancreatic cancer progression was associated with a shift in CA 19-9 carriers from MUC16 to MUC1 and MUC5AC. Certain monoclonal antibodies captured glycoforms of MUC1 that predominantly carried CA 19-9 in the cancer patients. Because of that relationship, the detection of CA 19-9 on specific protein glycoforms improved the discrimination of cancer from control subjects over total CA 19-9 (AUC= 0.93 vs. AUC=0.86. In the second approach, we immunoprecipitated CA19-9 carrier proteins from pooled sera of late-stage cancer, early-stage cancer, pancreatitis, and control subjects, followed by deglycosylation and mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF/TOF). Several proteins were identified in the sera of the cancer patients but not in the sera of pancreatitis or control subjects, indicating the possible identification of state-specific carriers of CA 19-9. Ongoing studies are aimed at verifying these identifications and testing performance as biomarkers of pancreatic cancer. These findings may lead to more accurate methods of discriminating benign from malignant pancreatic disease, which would improve the ability to render proper care to patients at the earliest possible stages. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5567.
Texas is most uninsured state, with 32% of residents having no health cover
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Rates of health insurance coverage among adults fell in most US states in the past two years, a report from the Commonwealth Fund on 8 October has found. Cathy Schoen, senior author of the report, said that the data were drawn from “the eve of the current recession—the worst is yet to come.”

The rate of uninsured adults aged 18-65 “looks like an epidemic,” topping more than one in five adults, she said. Texas leads the list, with a third (32%) of adult residents without health insurance. Massachusetts is one of the few states to buck the trend, with a rate of 7%, because of a unique push for full coverage. However, that plan has run into problems of cost and the availability …
Influence of nutrient intake on blood lead levels of young children at risk for lead poisoning.
Authors: Lisa Gallicchio, Roberta W Scherer, Mary Sexton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Although removal of lead paint hazards from at-risk houses remains the primary means of preventing elevated blood lead among young children, reduction of risk through nutritional factors has also been of interest. In this study we evaluated the effect of nutrient intake on blood lead levels by analyzing whether the intakes of certain dietary components a) were associated with blood lead levels independent of lead exposure or b) modified the effect of lead exposure on blood lead. Subjects were 205 children from low-income families who were approximately 1 year of age and living in old, urban houses. The data collected for each child included blood lead level, nutritional status, and amount of lead exposure, which was assessed from samples of household dust. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a statistically significant positive association between lead exposure and blood lead. Statistically significant positive associations were found between blood lead and total fat as well as blood lead and saturated fat, independent of lead exposure and age of the child. Regression modeling and stratified analysis showed that mean blood lead increased with increasing lead exposure as well as with increasing caloric intake, suggesting that caloric intake modifies the association between lead exposure and blood lead. The findings from this study, if replicated in other studies, support a dietary intervention to reduce the amount of total calories, total fat, and saturated fat among children 1 year of age at risk for lead exposure, while maintaining adequate intake of these dietary components. Our results also reinforce recommendations that removal of lead paint hazards from at-risk houses should be the primary means of preventing lead exposure.
Targeting BRAF in Advanced Melanoma: A First Step toward Manageable Disease
Authors: Adina Vultur, Jessie Villanueva, Meenhard Herlyn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and its incidence has been increasing worldwide. The disease manifests itself as clinically and genetically distinct subgroups, indicating the need for patient-specific diagnostic and treatment tools. The discovery of activating mutations (V600E) in the BRAF kinase in approximately 50% of patients spurred the development of compounds to inhibit aberrant BRAF activity, and the first drug candidate to show promising clinical activity is PLX4032 (also known as RG7204). Most recent clinical data from a phase II trial indicate that PLX4032 causes tumor regression and stabilized disease in >50% of advanced melanoma patients harboring BRAF V600E tumors. These data validate the effectiveness of oncogene-targeted therapy against advanced melanoma and offer hope that the disease can be overcome. However, as melanoma is dynamic and heterogeneous, careful treatment strategies and combination therapies are warranted to obtain long-term clinical effects.
948-49 Prognostic Importance of the Oxidation Products of Catecholamines (Adrenochromes) in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Bertram Pitt, Jean L. Rouleau, John Nicklas, Milton Packer, Gordon Moe, Christian Hall, Jacques de Champlain, Naranjan S. Dhalla
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy ameliorates grass pollen–induced rhinoconjunctivitis: A double-blind, placebo-controlled dose escalation study
Authors: Gabriela Senti, Seraina von Moos, Fabian Tay, Nicole Graf, Theodor Sonderegger, Pål Johansen, Thomas M. Kündig
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
A double-blind trial of metronidazole versus oxytetracycline therapy for rosacea
Authors: E. M. SAIHAN, J. L. BURTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Forty patients with papulo-pustular rosacea were treated for 12 weeks on a random double-blind basis either with oxytetracycline 250 mg twice daily or with metronidazole 200 mg twice daily. Both drugs produced an improvement which was greater after 12 weeks than after 6 weeks, but there was no significant difference between them. Metronidazole appears to be a safe and effective drug for the treatment of rosacea.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: S. W O'Kelly, E. L Bove
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is not an uncommon condition and accounts for about 10% of critical congenital heart disease in infants. Each year in Britain about 200 children will be born with this condition, which, unlike some other congenital cardiac lesions, usually occurs without serious associated non-cardiac malformations. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome in its most common form consists of an underdeveloped left ventricle, mitral valve, and aortic root. Initially, systemic blood flow is maintained by the patent ductus arteriosus, and death occurs soon after this closes. Most children born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome in Britain will be managed with terminal supportive care, very few will present to cardiac surgeons (M Elliott, personal communication). Newborn infants with other complex congenital cardiac malformations–such as pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum–can usually expect corrective or palliative surgery with a reasonable likelihood of a satisfactory outcome. Why then are children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome still singled out for terminal care? Is there any evidence that surgery for these children is a reasonable proposition?

It …
Inhibition of Experimental Asthma in Man by a New Drug (AH 7725) Active when Given by Mouth
Authors: E. S. K. Assem, J. A. Evans, M. McAllen
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A new drug, AH 7725, with properties similar to those of disodium cromoglycate (Intal) has the additional feature of being effective when taken by mouth. Six patients with allergic asthma were studied by bronchial challenge tests with antigen. In every one the drug was found to inhibit (either partially or completely) the immediate-type asthmatic response. Late responses were not influenced. The results were significant at the 0·5% level. These findings suggest that AH 7725 given by mouth may be able to inhibit naturally occurring asthmatic attacks in allergic patients. In this case its particular advantage as a prophylactic drug would lie in the treatment of very young asthmatic children and other patients who cannot take drugs by inhalation.