tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Production of a Precipitin against Renal Cancer
Authors: R. C. Nairn, J. Philip, T. Ghose, I. B. Porteous, J. E. Fothergill
Journal: BMJ (1963)

The possibility of provoking antibodies to cancer, apart from its fundamental interest in relation to one type of host resistance, could have therapeutic implications (Brit. med. J., 1959; Goldman, 1961; Southam, 1961; Mellors, 1962; Mihich, 1962). If antibodies to tumours could be obtained they might provide, either alone or after combination with radioactive or cytotoxic chemicals, a new class of specific therapeutic agents. Autoantibodies to tumours, usually in low titre, have been described in several studies, as have apparently successful efforts to raise their titre with vaccines prepared from autologous tumour (Finney et al., 1960). The success of these measures would depend on the presence in tumours of specific antigens absent from normal tissues. Although incontrovertible evidence of such antigens has not yet been obtained, it is not unlikely that tumours with a characteristic morphology may contain specific chemical substances which confer structural individuality. This is not to say that there is necessarily a common specific antigen for all or even several kinds of neoplasm, but merely that histologically or histogenetically related neoplasms may share unique antigenic material.
(Bi)sulfite Oxidation by Copper,Zinc-Superoxide Dismutase: Sulfite-Derived, Radical-Initiated Protein Radical Formation
Authors: Kalina Ranguelova, Marcelo G. Bonini, Ronald P. Mason
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Sulfur dioxide, formed during the combustion of fossil fuels, is a major air pollutant near large cities. Its two ionized forms in aqueous solution, sulfite and (bi)sulfite, are widely used as preservatives and antioxidants to prevent food and beverage spoilage. (Bi)sulfite can be oxidized by peroxidases to form the very reactive sulfur trioxide anion radical (*SO(3)-). This free radical further reacts with oxygen to form the peroxymonosulfate anion radical (-O(3)SOO*) and sulfate anion radical (SO(4)*-).To explore the critical role of these radical intermediates in further oxidizing biomolecules, we examined the ability of copper,zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) to initiate this radical chain reaction, using human serum albumin (HSA) as a model target.We used electron paramagnetic resonance, optical spectroscopy, oxygen uptake, and immuno-spin trapping to study the protein oxidations driven by sulfite-derived radicals.We found that when Cu,Zn-SOD reacted with (bi)sulfite, *SO(3)- was produced, with the concomitant reduction of SOD-Cu(II) to SOD-Cu(I). Further, we demonstrated that sulfite oxidation mediated by Cu,Zn-SOD induced the formation of radical-derived 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) spin-trapped HSA radicals.The present study suggests that protein oxidative damage resulting from (bi)sulfite oxidation promoted by Cu,Zn-SOD could be involved in oxidative damage and tissue injury in (bi)sulfite-exacerbated allergic reactions.
WHO launches health recovery strategy for the Indian Ocean
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Search and rescue operations after last month's huge tsunami in the Indian Ocean are largely over, and the focus is now shifting to relief and recovery, according to the World Health Organization.

Dr Lee Jong-wook, the director general, who was visiting the region in the first week of January, said, “We are extremely concerned about the ongoing lack of access to basic needs. Five million …
Recipient Risk Factors for Graft Failure in the Cornea Donor Study
Authors: Alan Sugar, Jean Paul Tanner, Mariya Dontchev, Brad Tennant, Robert L. Schultze, Steven P. Dunn, Thomas D. Lindquist, Robin L. Gal, Roy W. Beck, Craig Kollman, Mark J. Mannis, Edward J. Holland
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
The GMC: expediency before principle
Authors: Mark I Burgin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Editor—The GMC suggests that its job is guiding doctors,1 but when I wrote for guidance on reasonable practice I was told that it could not offer guidance on specific areas as consensus was too difficult to obtain. I instead had to contact a medical defence organisation for advice.

I was concerned that the GMC had lost its way. A lawyer friend described the GMC as an archaic court whose primary interest is to stop doctors from embarrassing each other. Though harsh, this explains the council's near fanatical zeal in stopping doctors from falling in love with their patients and the slowness of its response for doctors who deliberately kill them.

The answer is to scrap the concept of serious professional misconduct. The GMC should be interested solely in whether the doctor committed a crime and how that should affect the doctor's practice. This work would include ensuring that doctors who have practised abroad have not committed criminal offences there.

A separate agency would help doctors with problems. Currently some doctors refuse to participate as they find the system unhelpful, which it is for many. All doctors should have access to confidential formative assessment so they are informed about their performance; appraisee led appraisal with mentor based support; and assessment process to diagnose performance difficulties. Failing doctors should have a full range of support measures.

Looking after healthcare staff is and will be expensive, but is it not time that one of the main resources in the health service was properly managed? Half of doctors will always be below average, so it is up to the employer to ensure that they have systems in place to attract the best doctors they can. Problems with competence will then be solved by market forces.

The basic principle should be that no doctor loses his or her right to practise without having committed a crime.
Abstract 4959: Targeting pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) to treat pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Vianey Gonzalez-Villasana, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Thiru Arumugam, Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate, Defeng Deng, Enrique Fuentes-Mattei, Rosa F. Hwang, Huamin Wang, Guillermo N. Armaiz Pena, Burcu Aslan, Yolanda Gutierrez-Puente, Anil K. Sood, Craig Logsdon, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a prominent stromal reaction. Recently, the contribution of the stromal elements to the initiation and progression of the disease has come to be appreciated. In this context, targeting this tumor microenvironment represents a potential strategy to improve the delivery and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents leading a better prognosis for the patients. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) have been recognized as the principal cells responsible for the production of fibrosis in pancreatic cancer. In the current study, we observed that PSC possess α-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity, which is a specific marker enzyme for monocytes and macrophages, these cells can be differentiated/activated in a similar fashion as a monocytes/macrophages, suggesting that PSC behave in a similar fashion as macrophages, and hence can be treated as such. Based on these data we targeted PSC in vitro and in vivo by using bisphosphonates (BPs) that are macrophages inhibitors. BPs inhibited proliferation and inactivated PSC in vitro through inhibition of protein prenylation, and increased cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G1. Furthermore, BPs inactivated PSC, inhibited tumor growth (p&amp;lt;0.0005), tumor weight (p&amp;lt;0.001) and number of nodules (p&amp;lt;0.001) in an orthotopic animal model of pancreas. These antitumor effects were enhanced when BPs were combined with a taxane. These data suggest that BPs could disrupt the pancreatic cancer, which could offer a better prognosis to PC patients. Citation Format: Vianey Gonzalez-Villasana, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Thiru Arumugam, Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate, Defeng Deng, Enrique Fuentes-Mattei, Rosa F. Hwang, Huamin Wang, Guillermo N. Armaiz Pena, Burcu Aslan, Yolanda Gutierrez-Puente, Anil K. Sood, Craig Logsdon, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein. Targeting pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) to treat pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4959. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4959
COPEPTIN PROVIDES PROGNOSTIC VALUE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CHEST PAIN
Authors: Nicholas Marston, Kevin Shah, Christian Mueller, Sean-Xavier Neath, Robert Christenson, James McCord, Richard Nowak, Lori Daniels, Judd Hollander, Fred Apple, Chad Cannon, John Nagurney, Donald Schreiber, Christopher DeFilippi, Christopher Hogan, Deborah Diercks, Alexander Limkakeng, Inderjit Anand, Alan Wu, Allan Jaffe, W. Frank Peacock, Alan Maisel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
LABORATORY AID FOR COMPLICATIONS IN ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: WILLIAM THALHIMER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The laboratory can at times be of considerable aid to the physician in the care of complications in abdominal surgery. It can never replace clinical observations and clinical knowledge, and should be used only as an adjunct to these. Very often the laboratory is of no appreciable assistance in the care of the complications in abdominal surgery. There are so many complications in abdominal surgery and so many laboratory methods of investigation that in a short communication such as this only a few of each of these can be touched on, and one can hope to indicate only in a general way several ways in which the laboratory can be made useful. Blood counting is one of the oldest, simplest, and most reliable of the modern laboratory methods in use today. With it one can obtain definite information, especially as to whether or not a patient is anemic. Yet it
Evaluation of small-intestinal abnormalities in adult patients with Henoch–Schönlein purpura using video capsule
Authors: R. Ichikawa, N. Hosoe, H. Imaeda, K. Takabayashi, R. Bessho, Y. Ida, M. Naganuma, T. Hisamatsu, N. Inoue, T. Kanai, Y. Iwao, M. Mukai, T. Hibi, H. Ogata
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis mediated by IgA and characterized by the clinical manifestations of nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura, abdominal pain, arthritis, and renal disorder [1] [2]. Gastrointestinal symptoms occur in up to 85 % of patients with HSP and abnormalities may be observed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the small bowel [3]. The characteristics of the small-intestinal lesions in five adult patients with HSP were retrospectively evaluated using video capsule endoscopy (VCE). None of the patients experienced any adverse events. In three of the five examinations, the battery of the VCE became exhausted before the device reached the cecum. It did however detect small-intestinal lesions in all cases. In contrast, for two of the patients computed tomography (CT) was able to detect only small-intestinal edema. VCE findings were classified as petechiae/redness, or erosions/ulcers. Petechiae/redness, which was referred to as “intestinal purpura”, was observed throughout the small intestine in all cases ([Fig. 1]). Erosions/ulcers were observed in four patients ([Fig. 2]). A biopsy sample obtained by balloon enteroscopy from a petechial area showed extravasation of red blood cells in villi with mild inflammation ([Fig. 3]).
Family Distribution of Lymphocytotoxins in Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: J. RICHARD MENDIUS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

The prevalence of lymphocytotoxic antibody was studied in 131 relatives of 10 patients with Hodgkin's disease. The study group contained nine families, five of which had two subjects with Hodgkin's disease. One hundred twenty-eight control family members were studied in parallel. Lymphocytotoxic antibody was present in 35.5% of all family members of patients with Hodgkin's disease, and in 8.6% of controls (P less than 0.01). Lymphocytotoxic antibody appeared primarily in consanguineous relatives irrespective of close personal household contact with the probands. The prevalence of the antibody was equal in both first- and second-degree relatives. These findings suggest at least a genetic and possibly an environmental influence in the genesis of lymphocytotoxic antibody among relatives of patients with Hodgkin's disease.
445. Developmental Stage Determines Distribution of Organ Transduction after Intra-Amniotic Injection of Lentiviral Vector
Authors: Masayuki Endo, Tiago H. Coelho, Phil W. Zoltick, Alan W. Flake
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Gene transfer after intra-amniotic injection has in general been of low efficiency, and limited to epithelial cells in the skin, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal system. We hypothesized that early gestational administration might result in broader and more efficient gene transfer due to developmental accessibility of specific cell populations. To test this hypothesis, we injected lentiviral vector carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene into the fetal murine amniotic space from the late head fold/early somite stage (E8) to E18.
LOCAL APPLICATION OF HEAT AND COLD
Authors: August Krogh
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the editorial on the internal temperature of the body (The Journal, Dec. 2, 1933, p. 1805) dealing with the studies of Hepburn and his collaborators of Philadelphia, the interesting observation is recorded that the application of heat or cold to the skin does not cause any alteration in the temperature of the corresponding part of the intestine, and it is concluded therefore that "the production of any reparative benefit by local application of heat or cold is conjectural." While the observation is no doubt correct, the conclusion seems unwarranted. There are effective segmental nervous connections between the skin and the viscera. Wernöe showed that a disease condition of the viscera will give rise not only to hyperesthetic zones in the skin but to changes in vascularization, which can be objectively demonstrated, and in experiments on fishes in my laboratory he demonstrated the existence both of sympathetic
How `Definitive' Is New Sex Survey? Answers Vary
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE AUTHORS of what is being billed as a "definitive survey" of sex in America believe that their findings are accurate. Indeed, the method used was far more sophisticated than any previous effort in the field. Unlike most such studies, great care was taken to try to ensure that the 3432 respondents aged 18 to 59 years were a randomly selected and demographically representative sample. The study is probably the most rigorous attempt ever to address long-unanswered questions of great importance to public health in the United States. The study was conducted by the National Opinion Research Center and the University of Chicago (Ill), after a prolonged struggle with congressional conservatives who had blocked funding for what they called an inappropriate invasion of privacy. Driven by the need to amass hard data in the fight against AIDS, the investigators persevered and, with backing from private foundations, eventually succeeded in completing
Outcomes after Internal versus External Tocodynamometry for Monitoring Labor
Authors: Jannet J.H. Bakker, Corine J.M. Verhoeven, Petra F. Janssen, Jan M. van Lith, Elisabeth D. van Oudgaarden, Kitty W.M. Bloemenkamp, Dimitri N.M. Papatsonis, Ben Willem J. Mol, Joris A.M. van der Post
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

It has been hypothesized that internal tocodynamometry, as compared with external monitoring, may provide a more accurate assessment of contractions and thus improve the ability to adjust the dose of oxytocin effectively, resulting in fewer operative deliveries and less fetal distress. However, few data are available to test this hypothesis.We performed a randomized, controlled trial in six hospitals in The Netherlands to compare internal tocodynamometry with external monitoring of uterine activity in women for whom induced or augmented labor was required. The primary outcome was the rate of operative deliveries, including both cesarean sections and instrumented vaginal deliveries. Secondary outcomes included the use of antibiotics during labor, time from randomization to delivery, and adverse neonatal outcomes (defined as any of the following: an Apgar score at 5 minutes of less than 7, umbilical-artery pH of less than 7.05, and neonatal hospital stay of longer than 48 hours).We randomly assigned 1456 women to either internal tocodynamometry (734) or external monitoring (722). The operative-delivery rate was 31.3% in the internal-tocodynamometry group and 29.6% in the external-monitoring group (relative risk with internal monitoring, 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91 to 1.2). Secondary outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups. The rate of adverse neonatal outcomes was 14.3% with internal monitoring and 15.0% with external monitoring (relative risk, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.2). No serious adverse events associated with use of the intrauterine pressure catheter were reported.Internal tocodynamometry during induced or augmented labor, as compared with external monitoring, did not significantly reduce the rate of operative deliveries or of adverse neonatal outcomes. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN13667534; Netherlands Trial number, NTR285.)
Cardiomyocyte-specific Bcl-2 overexpression attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury, immune response during acute rejection, and graft coronary artery disease
Authors: Masashi Tanaka, Susumu Nakae, Raya D. Terry, Golnaz K. Mokhtari, Feny Gunawan, Leora B. Balsam, Hideaki Kaneda, Theo Kofidis, Philip S. Tsao, Robert C. Robbins
Journal: Blood (2004)
Production of Uniform Data for Health-Care Plans
Authors: Sam Shapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

For many concerned with planning, financing, and assessing health-care plans organized as Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO's) an event of far-reaching importance is the recent appearance of "Guidelines for Producing Uniform Data for Health Care Plans."* The document is the culmination of two years of effort supported by the National Center for Health Services Research and Development, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and is commonly referred to as the "Densen Report," because of the primary role Dr. Paul M. Densen, director of the Harvard Center for Community Health and Medical Care, had in the development of the Guidelines. . . .
Proliferation of direct repeats near the Oenothera chloroplast DNA origin of replication
Authors: B. B. Sears, L. L. Stoike, W. L. Chiu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

The spacer between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes of the chloroplast DNA has been implicated as an origin of replication in several species of plants. In the evening primrose, Oenothera, this site was found to vary greatly in size, with plastid genomes (plastomes) being readily distinguished. To determine whether plastome "strength" in transmission could be correlated with variation at oriB, the 16S rRNA-trnI spacer was sequenced from five plastomes. The size variation was found to be due to differential amplification (and deletion) of combinations of sequences belonging to seven families of direct repeats. From these comparisons, one short series of direct repeats and one region capable of forming a hairpin structure were identified as candidates for the factor that could be responsible for the differences between strong and weak plastome types. Ample sequence variation allowed phylogenetic inferences to be made about the relationships among the plastomes. Phylogenetic trees also could be constructed for most of the families of direct repeats. The amplifications and deletions of repeats that account for the size variation at oriB are proposed to have occurred through extensive replication slippage at this site.
The Practical Recognition of Depressive and Suicidal States
Authors: MATHEW ROSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Diagnosis and Treatment1 May 1966The Practical Recognition of Depressive and Suicidal StatesMATHEW ROSS, M.D., F.A.C.P.MATHEW ROSS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1079 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOf the various medical emergencies that confront today's physician, undoubtedly the most challenging are the psychiatric. The most prevalent of the psychiatric emergency situations are alcoholism, agitated psychotic behavior, and suicidal behavior (1). The first two are fairly readily recognizable and their immediate management a good deal more straightforward than the suicidal behavior, which may or may not be associated with alcoholism, psychosis, or both, and which all too often is the outcome of a depressed state.SCOPE OF THE PROBLEMSTATISTICSEvery physician can do a great deal more than he is already doing to reduce the shocking rate...References1. MYERS ES: Conference on handling psychiatric emergencies. Amer. J. Psychiat. 122: 224, 1965. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MITCHELL WR: The general practitioner and the diagnosis of pre-psychotic conditions. Canad. Med. Ass. J. 81: 402, 1959. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. DONNELLY J: Depression and its clinical manifestations. Connecticut Med. J. 18: 203, 1954. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. ZUNGWILSONDODSON WWWPWE: Effect of depressive disorders on sleep EEG responses. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. (Chicago) 10: 439, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KAUFMANBERNSTEIN MRS: A psychiatric evaluation of the problem patient. JAMA 163: 106, 1957. Google Scholar6. EWALT JR: Somatic equivalents of depressions. J. Mich. Med. Soc. 59: 1361, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MATHEW ROSS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Boston, MassachusettsFrom the McLean Division, The Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Mathew Ross, M.D., 333 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, Mass. 02167. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Aged – with Tender Interest and ConcernSuicide among PhysiciansModel for the Prediction of Suicidal Behavior 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1079-1086KeywordsAlcoholismAlcoholsBehaviorBiologicsConstipationDepressionEmotionsGastroenterology and hepatology ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...