tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 3-1983
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Leslie S. Fang, Robert H. Young
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Presentation of CaseA 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of confusion and dysphagia.The patient was well and working regularly as an accountant until several months earlier, when he began to make errors at work; he was ultimately discharged from his position. During the two weeks before entry he became progressively confused and began to complain that solid foods stuck in his throat. He was observed to have slurred speech and an unsteady gait. For several days before admission he experienced infrequent bouts of crampy lower abdominal pain unrelated to ingestion of food or to bowel movements, . . .
Progress in Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Robert C. Bast
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Almost two decades have passed since Kohler and Milstein first applied somatic-cell hybridization to the production of specific murine immunoglobulins (monoclonal antibodies)1. In clinical oncology, the use of monoclonal techniques has had a substantial effect on diagnostic methods. Murine monoclonal antibodies against tumor-associated antigens have permitted immunophenotyping of lymphoreticular neoplasms, immunocytochemical analysis of tumor metastases, and the development of assays for several circulating tumor markers, including CA-125 and prostate-specific antigen. Recently, one radiolabeled murine monoclonal antibody was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the preoperative localization of metastatic ovarian and colorectal cancers.Despite the essentially unlimited supply . . .
Too Many Surgeons?
Authors: Rudolph H. de Jong
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A two-part Special Article in the<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>(295:921-926, 982-989, 1976) and a companion SPECIAL COMMUNICATION inThe Journal(236:1864-1871, 1976) critically contrast the operative workloads of surgical specialists and of nonspecialist physicians performing surgical operations. Concern with the growing shortage of family physicians, amidst indications of a tilt towards specialization in surgical fields, provided the impetus. (Some 25% of beginning physicians enter surgical training programs.) The study encompassed all in-hospital operations during 1970 for the entire population of four comparable medical service areas in the Northeast, Southeast, and Northwest. A total of 2,700 practitioners together performed 256,500 operative procedures. For an additional 28,500 procedures, the responsible physician was in training or could not be identified or both. Slightly more than half of the 2,700 physicians performed one operation or less per week; just 1% of the physician total accounted for ten or more operations per week.
Now that you know.
Authors: R Dahl
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Focus-_T KNOW Two thousand people died in Bhopal, India, in December 1984 from the release of the toxic gas methyl isocyanate from a Union Carbide facility.This tragedy prompted U.S. Congressman Henry A. Waxman to initiate an investigation into whether such a catastrophe could happen here in the United States.The evidence subse- quently gathered by the House Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, which Waxman chaired, was troubling to many people.The sub-'_ c o m m i t t e e learned thatKA many U.S. companies routinely discharged hun- dreds of hazardous chemicals A.
Tongue lesions in generalized pustular psoriasis
Authors: T. A. J. DAWSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

The appearance of the tongue has been recorded in ten consecutive patients suffering from generalized pustular psoriasis and in 1000 consecutive dermatology patients. Tongue lesions similar to geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis) are frequently seen in patients suffering from generalized pustular psoriasis and an unusually high proportion of patients with generalized pustular psoriasis also have heavily fissured tongues. Moreover, it seems probable that the presence of geographic tongue or heavy fissuring of the tongue in an otherwise apparently normal individual indicates that he or she may possess a propensity to develop generalized pustular psoriasis.
Validation of neuroradiologic response assessment in gliomas: Measurement by RECIST, two-dimensional, computer-assisted tumor area, and computer-assisted tumor volume methods1
Authors: Evanthia Galanis, Jan C. Buckner, Matthew J. Maurer, Rene Sykora, René Castillo, Karla V. Ballman, Bradley J. Erickson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2006)

Significant limitations are associated with the use of standard radiographic measurements as indicators of response in glioma therapy trials. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) were recently introduced in an attempt to standardize and simplify assessment of response to treatment in cancer clinical trials. However, their applicability in gliomas has been assessed in only a very small number of patients. Our aim was to validate radiographic response assessment in newly diagnosed glioma patients. Sixty-seven newly diagnosed glioma patients participating in nine North Central Cancer Treatment Group glioma trials were included; 565 MRI scans were analyzed. All scans were performed with the same technique. Kappa statistics were calculated to determine agreement between assessment methods. Cox proportional hazards analyses and time-dependent Cox models were used to assess the association between different measurement methods and overall survival. Results showed agreement between the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) measurements both for T2 images and for gadolinium-enhanced images. Comparison of duration of response and time to progression as assessed by eight different methods showed similarity in response assessments by 1D, 2D, area, and volume gadolinium measurements. In contrast, time to progression was significantly shorter when assessed by 1D–T2 or 2D–T2 images as compared to area–T2 or volume–T2 images. This set of data indicates that RECIST could be used instead of 2D imaging for response assessment in newly diagnosed glioma trials. Overall, responses as determined by any tumor measurement method did not correlate with patient survival for either enhancing or nonenhancing tumors, although the small number of responders limits definitive conclusions. Time-dependent Cox models demonstrated that, in contrast to the case of nonenhancing tumors, progression as determined by 1D, 2D, area, and volume measurements in gadolinium-enhanced images was predictive of survival of patients with enhancing tumors.
Bacterial Contamination Alert
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effect of Cortisone on Peptic Ulcer Formation
Authors: Demetre M. Nicoloff, Henry Sosin, Edward T. Peter, Arnold S. Leonard, Owen H. Wangensteen
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THERE HAS BEEN considerable interest expressed in the recent literature concerning the relationship of various hormones to peptic ulcer. It is known that the secretions of the adrenal glands are involved with the response to stress. In addition, peptic ulcers seem to be associated with chronic emotional stress and at times with traumatic stress. A relationship between adrenal cortical hormones and peptic ulcer would seem plausible. Clinical evidence to support this concept has been reported.<sup>1, 2</sup>Gray, in reviewing the histories of patients with Addison's disease, found that peptic ulcer did not occur in this group unless they were receiving cortisone.<sup>3</sup>However, conflicting reports are seen throughout the literature as to whether or not cortisone has any effect on gastric secretion and the activation or formation of peptic ulcer.<sup>4-7</sup>Because of this controversy and our interest in the role of cortisone in peptic and stress ulceration,
Nephrotoxic Lesions from 5-Aminosalicylic Acid
Authors: I. C. Calder, C. C. Funder, C. R. Green, K. N. Ham, J. D. Tange
Journal: BMJ (1972)

5-Aminosalicylic acid given to rats as a single intravenous injection led to necrosis of the proximal convoluted tubules and of the renal papilla. These two lesions developed at the same time and the cortical lesions did not appear to be a consequence of the renal papillary necrosis. Since the compound possesses the molecular structure both of a phenacetin derivative and of a salicylate these observations may be relevant to the problem of renal damage incident to abuse of analgesic compounds and suggest the possibility that in this syndrome cortical lesions may develop independently of renal papillary necrosis.
Hansen's Disease in The Fortune Teller
Authors: David A. Wiebe
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have always enjoyed your covers and the accompanying commentary, which is usually the first thing I read. In her article in the March 27, 1987, issue on<i>The Fortune Teller</i>by La Tour, however, Ms Harvey<sup>1</sup>missed some of the classic signs of Hansen's disease in the old woman (leonine facies, clawhand, and hypothenar atrophy), though Froment's sign (flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb as a result of ulnar nerve damage) is absent. I looked for the article on leprosy that I thought would be present. I was disappointed. You have conditioned us too well.
Potential Cost of Screening Surgeons for HIV
Authors: Michael F. Roizen
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Although we found the article by Dr Phillips and colleagues<sup>1</sup>interesting, we have several questions regarding their assumptions. First of all, were the correct costs for false-positive testing included? If one assumes the sensitivity and specificity of the tests cited in the article (99% and 99.9% for two of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests and a Western blot for confirmation), for every 100 000 surgeons tested (assuming a prevalence of 0.06%; data cited in the article), 59.4 true positives and 99 false positives would be detected. Thus, two thirds of the surgeons detected by even this careful scheme of testing would not have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Alternatively, if a prevalence rate of 0.4% is assumed, 396 surgeons would be true positives and 99.6 surgeons (20% of the surgeons tested positive) would be false positives. Our analysis indicates that this article may have underestimated the
Is atrial activation beneficial in heart transplant recipients?
Authors: Mark G. Midei, Kenneth L. Baughman, Stephen C. Achuff, Gary D. Walford, William Baumgartner, Jeffrey A. Brinker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)

Because of the distortion of atrial morphology that occurs during cardiac allograft transplantation in humans, the beneficial effects of properly sequenced atrial and ventricular activation are unclear in these patients. To evaluate the atrial contribution to ventricular pump performance in heart transplant recipients, arterial pressure and cardiac output during pacing from either chamber were measured in nine patients 10 +/- 1 days after transplantation. Systolic, diastolic and mean systemic arterial pressures were significantly higher during atrial pacing compared with ventricular pacing: 143 +/- 23 versus 125 +/- 20 mm Hg, 73 +/- 15 versus 66 +/- 14 mm Hg and 94 +/- 17 versus 84 +/- 16 mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05 for all). In addition, cardiac output decreased from 5.5 +/- 1.4 to 4.6 +/- 1.5 liters/min (p less than 0.005) for atrial versus ventricular pacing. Thus, there is a significant atrial contribution to cardiac performance in patients after heart transplantation. This may have clinical implications in those patients who later require a permanent pacemaker.
Therapeutic potential of cannabinoids.
Authors: D N Bateman, M D Rawlins
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Whenever doubt exists, catheterisation will, of course, be required to corroborate or disprove the assessment made by non-invasive means; and we must remember that the latter could not have been contemplated without the pioneering work of Claude Bernard and his successors in animals and of Forssmann and those who followed him in man.
Legionnaires' Disease at a Community Hospital
Authors: JOHN B. CARTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1979Legionnaires' Disease at a Community HospitalJOHN B. CARTER, M.D.JOHN B. CARTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-794_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In response to your April 1979 symposium on Legionnaire's disease (1), I wish to describe the services organized at our 375-bed community hospital for the diagnosis of that infection as well as to outline briefly our findings to date.We have been offering an immunofluorescent antibody test using IgG- and IgM-specific antibody determination with a Philadelphia-1 strain ofLegionella pneumophilaas the antigen substrate. Tests are done and results reported on the day of specimen receipt. Our medical staff has been encouraged to consider the diagnosis in acutely febrile patients with evidence of respiratory infection, particularly if...Reference1. . Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:491-703. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN B. CARTER, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLegionnaires' Disease:Significance of non-pneumophila legionella species in adult community-acquired and nosocomial pneumoniasHow Common is Legionnaires' Disease?Prevention of Insulin-dependent DiabetesZur Synthese von (±)-cis-1,2-Epoxy-3-oxo-alkyl-phosphonsäureestern—Phosphonomycinanaloga 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5Page: 794-794KeywordsAntigensInfectious diseasesLegionella pneumophilaLegionellosisMedical staffUpper respiratory tract infections ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Colorado Tick Fever: Clinical, Epidemiologic, and Laboratory Aspects of 228 Cases in Colorado in 1973-1974
Authors: HEWITT C. GOODPASTURE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

During 1973 and 1974, we looked for cases of Colorado tick fever throughout Colorado; 228 cases were identified. Although 90% of the patients reported exposure to ticks before illness, only 52% were aware of an actual tick bite. Typical symptoms of fever, myalgia, and headache were common, but gastrointestinal symptoms were also prominent in 20% of the patients. Twenty percent were hospitalized; no deaths or permanent sequelae were noted. Persistent viremia (≥ 4 weeks) was found in about half of the cases; this finding was not associated with the occurrence of prolonged symptoms (≥ 3 weeks), which were also reported in half of the cases. One patient became reinfected with the virus. Increasing tourism in endemic areas and the frequent occurrence of prolonged or biphasic illnesses provide the potential for patients with Colorado tick fever to seek medical care anywhere in the United States.
Thrombotic Microangiopathy Presenting as a Psychiatric Problem
Authors: K. S. Jones, M. Sim, W. T. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1961)

The first description of thrombotic microangiopathy (T.M.) is attributed to Moschcowitz (1924).The condition was reviewed by Symmers (1952Symmers ( , 1956a)), who mentioned that the clinical diagnosis is usually suggested
Abstract 268: Regulation of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) by UV exposure in human melanocytes
Authors: Ryan W. Dellinger, Amelia S. Ahmed, Priscilla H. Duong, Frank L. Meyskens
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family of enzymes catalyzes the glucuronidation of a variety of endogenous compounds such as bilirubin and steroid hormones, as well as xenobiotics including chemotherapeutic agents and environmental carcinogens. Glucuronidation of these substrates inactivates them by making them more hydrophilic and easily excreted. UGTs are expressed primarily in the liver, but are also expressed in several extra-hepatic tissues including prostate, breast, colon, lung, brain, kidney, bladder and ovary. We have demonstrated that three UGT family members (UGT2B7, UGT2B10 and UGT2B15) are normally expressed in human melanocytes isolated form neonatal foreskin. Further, we screened several primary and metastatic melanoma cells lines for UGT expression. Interestingly, of all the melanoma cell lines screened only WM115, a primary melanoma, had UGT expression. Again, only UGT2B7, UGT2B10 and UGT2B15 were detected. UGT expression was not detected in another primary melanoma cell line, WM3211, or in any of the four metastatic melanoma cell line assayed suggesting that loss of UGT expression occurs during melanoma progression. To elucidate if ultraviolet (UV) light could be the underlying cause to the disappearance of UGTs in melanoma progression, human melanocytes were subjected to UV-B radiation at low and high (sunburn) doses. Melanocytes were collected at 1, 5 and 24 Hrs post UV-B treatment and UGT expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Expression of UGT2B7, UGT2B10 and UGT2B15 all was significantly reduced in response to both low and high dose UV-B. In general, loss of UGT expression was observed even at 1 hour after exposure, reached maximal low levels at 5 hours and started to return to normal levels at 24 hours post exposure. We hypothesize that reduction of UGT expression in melanocytes following a sunburn would increase an individuals risk for melanoma since the UGTs detoxify environmental carcinogens. This hypothesis is consistent with a causative role for UV in melanoma in which ‘classical’ UV-induced DNA damage is not observed; a problem that has long puzzled investigators. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 268. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-268
Relation between volume and outcome for patients with severe sepsis in United Kingdom: retrospective cohort study
Authors: J. Shahin, D. A. Harrison, K. M. Rowan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate whether a relation exists between volume and outcome for admissions with severe sepsis to adult general critical care units in the United Kingdom. <b>Design</b> Retrospective cohort study using data from a pooled case mix and outcome database. <b>Setting</b> Adult general critical care units participating in the case mix programme. <b>Participants</b> Consecutive admissions to participating units for the years 2008-09 meeting objective, standardised criteria for severe sepsis. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Mortality at ultimate discharge from acute hospital. <b>Results</b> The primary exposure was volume of admissions with severe sepsis per unit per year. A multivariable logistic regression analysis, using generalised estimating equations, was used to assess the association between volume, modelled using fractional polynomials, and ultimate acute hospital mortality while adjusting for potential confounders. No relation was seen between volume and outcome for admissions with severe sepsis to adult, general critical care units in the UK. Subgroup analyses tested for interactions between the effect of volume and acute severity of illness or receipt of mechanical ventilation. No significant interactions were found. <b>Conclusions</b> This study showed no relation between volume and outcome in admissions with severe sepsis treated in adult general critical care units in the UK.
Average Allozyme Heterozygosity in Vertebrates Correlates with Ka/Ks Measured in the Human-Mouse Lineage
Authors: D. O. F. Skibinski
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

It is well established that different allozyme proteins vary in heterozygosity in averages made over large numbers of species. For example, the enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase has a much higher average heterozygosity than glutamate dehydrogenase. Allozyme data alone provide insufficient power to determine the evolutionary cause of such a difference. Many studies have now been carried out on the DNA sequences coding for allozymes. These have identified diverse selective and nonselective causes of polymorphisms at individual loci. However the studies are mainly in a small number of model species; thus, it is difficult to identify from these DNA studies specific causes of global average heterozygosity differences among allozyme proteins. Here we demonstrate that estimates of average heterozygosity for 37 allozyme proteins in vertebrates correlate positively with Ka and Ka/Ks but not with Ks, measured in the human-mouse lineage. The values of Ka/Ks are less than 0.25, and Ka/Ks is negatively correlated with subunit number (quaternary structure), a measure of structural constraint. Proteins with lower levels of constraint have higher values of both Ka/Ks and heterozygosity. These results better support the hypothesis that differences in average allozyme diversity between proteins are more closely related to differences in the level of purifying selection than to differences in the underlying mutation rate or level of positive selection.
OTOGENIC TETANUS: REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Hyman I. Vener
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Medical literature reveals that tetanus of otogenic origin is a rare occurrence, and when it does occur it is seldom suspected. Usually the underlying cause of the condition is trauma to the drum, a foreign body in the canal, or external irritation, all followed by a chronic suppurative otitis media or other suppurative process. The following case was characterized by an acute onset, with death resulting in a very short time: W. S., a white boy, aged 4½ years, admitted to the hospital at 11 p. m., Oct. 14, 1932, had had a cold in the head for two weeks, with a discharging ear for the preceding five days; he had been unable to open the mouth for one day. The parents stated that the patient had had a cold for about two weeks, which lasted until three days prior to admission. October 7 the right ear began to discharge