tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oxygenated Carotenoid Lutein and Progression of Early Atherosclerosis
Authors: James H. Dwyer, Mohamad Navab, Kathleen M. Dwyer, Kholood Hassan, Ping Sun, Anne Shircore, Susan Hama-Levy, Greg Hough, Xuping Wang, Thomas Drake, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Alan M. Fogelman
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Carotenoids are hypothesized to explain some of the protective effects of fruit and vegetable intake on risk of cardiovascular disease. The present study assessed the protective effects of the oxygenated carotenoid lutein against early atherosclerosis. Methods and Results —Epidemiology: Progression of intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid arteries over 18 months was determined ultrasonographically and was related to plasma lutein among a randomly sampled cohort of utility employees age 40 to 60 years (n=480). Coculture: The impact of lutein on monocyte response to artery wall cell modification of LDL was assessed in vitro by quantification of monocyte migration in a coculture model of human intima. Mouse models: The impact of lutein supplementation on atherosclerotic lesion formation was assessed in vivo by assigning apoE-null mice to chow or chow plus lutein (0.2% by weight) and LDL receptor–null mice to Western diet or Western diet plus lutein. IMT progression declined with increasing quintile of plasma lutein ( P for trend=0.007, age-adjusted; P =0.0007, multivariate). Covariate-adjusted IMT progression (mean±SEM) was 0.021±0.005 mm in the lowest quintile of plasma lutein, whereas progression was blocked in the highest quintile (0.004±0.005 mm; P =0.01). In the coculture, pretreatment of cells with lutein inhibited LDL-induced migration in a dose-dependent manner ( P &lt;0.05). Finally, in the mouse models, lutein supplementation reduced lesion size 44% in apoE-null mice ( P =0.009) and 43% in LDL receptor–null mice ( P =0.02). Conclusions —These epidemiological, in vitro, and mouse model findings support the hypothesis that increased dietary intake of lutein is protective against the development of early atherosclerosis.
Lactic Acidosis and AIDS
Authors: Geetinder Chattha
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 August 1993Lactic Acidosis and AIDSGeetinder Chattha and Allen I. ArieffGeetinder ChatthaSearch for more papers by this author and Allen I. ArieffSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-4-199308150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Four patients received intravenous thiamine before or during their lactic acidosis without response; autopsies in three patients showed no evidence for thiamine deficiency [1]. Four patients were receiving zidovudine at the time of admission, and all had received zidovudine at some time. None had specific evaluation of mitochondrial function, but two patients were discharged and continued on zidovudine therapy without recurrence of lactic acidosis. However, a recent report [2] as well as some of the patients reported in the letters suggests a possible but unproven causal association. In addition, two female patients in our study were obese (mean ...References1. Chattha G, Arieff AI, Cummings C, Tierney LM Jr. Lactic acidosis complicating the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:37-9. Google Scholar2. Gopinath R, Hutcheon M, Cheema-Dhadli S, Halperin M. Chronic lactic acidosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and mitochondrial myopathy: biochemical studies. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1992; 3:1212-9. Google Scholar3. Gilbert EM, Haupt MT, Mandanas RY, Huaringa AJ, Carlson RW. The effect of fluid loading, blood transfusion, and catecholamine infusion on oxygen delivery and consumption in patients with sepsis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986; 134:873-8. Google Scholar4. Grunfeld C, Feingold KR. Metabolic disturbances and wasting in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1992; 327:329-37. Google Scholar5. Odeh M. The role of tumour necrosis factor- in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Intern Med. 1990; 228:549-56. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTHE MANAGEMENT OF THE CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY 15 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 4Page: 343-345KeywordsAIDSAutopsyBloodFeversHypermetabolismLactic acidosisSepsisThiamineTumor necrosis factorUrine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
No evidence of persistent mumps virus infection in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: M Iizuka, H Saito, M Yukawa, H Itou, T Shirasaka, M Chiba, T Fukushima, S Watanabe
Journal: Gut (2001)

BACKGROUND AND AIM There is controversy regarding whether paramyxovirus infection is causally associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The latest cohort study claimed that atypical measles and mumps infections in childhood may be risk factors for later IBD. This study was conducted to clarify the validity of a causal link between persistent mumps virus infection and IBD. SUBJECTS AND METHODS (1) Amplification of the mumps virus genome was performed in both intestinal specimens (ulcerative colitis 15, Crohn's disease 15, control 10) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) (ulcerative colitis seven, Crohn's disease six, control three) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by Southern hybridisation using primers specific to the viral genome encoding phosphoprotein or haemagglutinin-neuraminidase. (2) Titre of serum antimumps IgG was measured in 16 patients with ulcerative colitis, in 16 patients with Crohn's disease, and in 16 normal controls using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS (1) The mumps virus genome was not detected by RT-PCR in intestinal specimens or PBL in any case. (2) Antimumps IgG titre was positive in 7/16 ulcerative colitis, 10/16 Crohn's disease, and 11/16 control specimens. The mean (SEM) titre of antimumps IgG was 12.281 (7.831) in ulcerative colitis, 7.675 (1.608) in Crohn's disease, and 8.637 (1.969) in controls, with no significant difference between the three groups. CONCLUSION We could not find any evidence to support a causal link between persistent mumps virus infection and IBD.
A Study of Hydraulics in Simulated Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: SIMON RODBARD, ROBERT ZAAS, WILLIAM COOK
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

A hydraulic model was designed to study the effects of converging streams such as occur in patent ductus arteriosus. The results showed that flow across the fistula was dependent primarily on the resistance at the outlets of the "systemic" as against the "pulmonic" circulation. Even very slight differences in resistance could effect very large shunts. When the left ventricular output was great, the loss across the shunt was relatively unimportant. However, when the left ventricular output was low, most of its flow passed across the shunt and the systemic delivery virtually ceased. This situation became much more severe if the systemic resistance was raised even slightly above that of the pulmonic outflow path.
National Allocation of Cadaveric Kidneys by HLA Matching
Authors: David W. Gjertson, Paul I. Terasaki, Steve Takemoto, M. Ray Mickey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Although receiving a cadaveric kidney matched at the HLA-A, B, and DR loci enhances graft survival in cyclosporine-treated patients, the value of a national system of kidney allocation based on HLA matching, with the attendant increased likelihood of better matching, is still questioned. Some fear that the costs of a national system are unjustified when only a small fraction of donors would exactly match any of the 16,000 potential recipients anyway. We estimated the effect on graft survival of the use of HLA matching for all allocations of cadaveric kidneys in the United States.
Case of Ovariotomy
Authors: G. Norman
Journal: BMJ (1851)

them is determined."*Dr. Hughes Bennett has ad- mirably demonstrated the mnodus operandi of the capil- laries in exudations.tIn a valuable work of Dr. W. Addison, the power colourless cells exert in controlling the nutritive changes is, I believe, correctly explained.While under abnormal action there is frequently an excess of cells, and they are diffused among parts adjacent;+ I mean beyond their natural boundaries.The present communication may be considered as an humble introduction to a more extended research into pathological hbomatolgy.I am happy to say Mr. Ancell is resuming the same subject in a series of able lectures in the course of publication ; § and it is impossible to overrate the importance of this branch of morbid anatomy.On reflection, we cease to wonder that diseases arise from miodifications of the blood, when we take but a distant view of the numierous circum- stances by wbich it may be altered.Atmospheric
Tumor-Specific p73 Up-regulation Mediates p63 Dependence in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Maurice Phillip DeYoung, Cory M. Johannessen, Chee-Onn Leong, William Faquin, James W. Rocco, Leif W. Ellisen
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

p63 is essential for normal epithelial development and is overexpressed in the vast majority of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Recent work had shown that DeltaNp63alpha is essential for survival of SCC cells, raising the possibility that the p63 pathway may be an attractive therapeutic target in these tumors. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether a therapeutic window exists for inhibiting p63 in tumor cells versus normal epithelia. Here, we show that SCC cells are uniquely dependent on DeltaNp63alpha for survival, unlike normal p63-expressing epithelial cells, and that dependence is mediated through tumor-specific up-regulation of the related protein p73. In normal primary human keratinocytes, we find that inhibition of endogenous p63 by RNA interference (RNAi) induces p21(CIP1) expression, inhibits cell cycle progression, and ultimately promotes cellular senescence. In contrast, p63 inhibition in SCC cells induces proapoptotic bcl-2 family members and rapidly triggers apoptosis. Expression of p73 is low in uncultured basal keratinocytes but is markedly up-regulated in both SCC cell lines and primary tumors in vivo. Whereas p21(CIP1) induction following loss of p63 in normal cells is independent of p53 and p73, both proapoptotic gene induction and cell death following p63 RNAi in tumor cells are p73 dependent. Finally, ectopic p73 expression in primary keratinocytes does not affect baseline cell proliferation but is sufficient to trigger cell death following loss of p63. Together, these findings define a specific molecular mechanism of p63 dependence through p73 up-regulation, and they provide a rationale for targeting the p63 pathway as a therapeutic strategy in SCCs.
A new type of erythrokeratoderma, or KLICK syndrome?: reply from authors
Authors: M.A.M. van Steensel, M. van Geel, P.M. Steijlen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, In the January 2005 issue of the British Journal of Dermatology we published the case of a patient with a peculiar type of erythrokeratoderma that we thought to be novel.1 It consisted of slightly scaling, elevated patchy keratoderma in a starfish configuration with a predilection for the flexures and the extensor sides of the large joints. In addition, there was a circular sclerosis of the fingers and a slight erythroderma. The patient, born from nonconsanguineous parents, was otherwise healthy and had a healthy daugher of his own. Shortly after publication, Dr A. Vahlquist (Uppsala University, Sweden) correctly pointed out to us that the symptoms very much resembled those of the previously described KLICK syndrome. This entity has been recognized for some years in the OMIM database and is characterized by slight ichthyosiform scaling, circular constrictions of digits and a keratoderma of the flexures that is described as linear. Four families with KLICK syndrome have previously been identified: one family in Spain2 and three families in Sweden3, 4 (A. Vahlquist, personal communication). Dr Pujol and colleagues have also noted the similarities between the KLICK phenotype and that of our patient.
This Side of Doctoring: Reflections from Women in Medicine
Authors: Catherine V. Caldicott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 July 2002This Side of Doctoring: Reflections from Women in MedicineCatherine V. Caldicott, MDCatherine V. Caldicott, MDCenter for Bioethics and Humanities, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-2-200207160-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Chin EL, ed. 424 pages. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2002. $29.95. ISBN 0761923543. Order phone 800-818-7243.Field of medicine: Medical education and professional development.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Medical educators and trainees, physicians and their families, and friends and patients.Purpose: To capture the essence of being a woman physician through largely autobiographical reflections on doctoring and sketches of doctors' personal lives.Content: The book is an anthology of heartfelt and honest essays, stories, and poems written by more than 150 women (and a few men), edited by an academic general internist and mother on temporary leave from her ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Catherine V. Caldicott, MDAffiliations: Center for Bioethics and Humanities, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 July 2002Volume 137, Issue 2 Page: 148 Keywords Bioethics Emotions History of medicine Medical education Motivation Software tools ePublished: 16 July 2002 Issue Published: 16 July 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
1209 IMO-2125 PLUS RIBAVIRIN GIVES SUBSTANTIAL FIRST-DOSE VIRAL LOAD REDUCTIONS, CUMULATIVE ANTI-VIRAL EFFECT, IS WELL TOLERATED IN NAIVE GENOTYPE1 HCV PATIENTS: A PHASE 1 TRIAL
Authors: D. Guyader, P. Bogomolov, Z. Kobalava, V. Moiseev, J. Szlavik, B. Astruc, I. Varkonyi, T. Sullivan, K. Horgan, A. Bexon, R. Arbeit
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Predicting the Outcomes of Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Emilee R. Wilhelm-Leen, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Rhabdomyolysis is commonly encountered in the hospital; however, national estimates on the incidence of rhabdomyolysis are not available.While patients with highly elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) concentrations are generally closely monitored, it is often less clear how to best handle patients with moderate CPK elevations.Clinicians are usually fixated on these patients' (repeated) CPK measurements, yet it is likely that other relevant information can help stratify these patients by their likelihoods of experiencing unfavorable outcomes.In this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine, McMahon and colleagues 1 present perhaps the largest study to date of patients hospitalized with clinically significant rhabdomyolysis.From the detailed data repository of 2 Harvard-affiliated teaching hospitals in Boston, Massachusetts, they identified from all primary admissions between January 1, 2000, and March 31, 2011, nearly 2400 patients who had at least 1 CPK level in excess of 5000 U/L; patients with myocardial infarction were excluded.This means that each hospital had approximately 10 patients per month with significant rhabdomyolysis, clearly not a rare event.The mean age of the study cohort was 50.4 years, 73.8%were men, and 27%were of nonwhite race.The patients were almost evenly split between primary surgical and medical services.The most common causes of rhabdomyolysis included trauma, immobilization, sepsis, and vascular and cardiac operations.The primary outcome of interest was a composite of acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis or hemofiltration, at least temporarily, and in-hospital mortality, which occurred in 19.0% of patients (8.0%required hemodialysis or hemofiltration, and 14.1% died).The primary analysis confirmed a counterintuitive but previously reported observation: no strong relationship exists between CPK and outcome-initial CPK levels predicted poor outcomes for patients with rhabdomyolysis no better than a coin flip (C statistic, 0.52).Prediction using peak CPK level was not much better (C statistic, 0.61).Using data from 1 hospital, the researchers then developed a prediction tool for poor outcomes using commonly collected clinical data, including age, sex, origin of rhabdomyolysis, and laboratory parameters (initial creatinine, CPK, phosphate, calcium, and serum bicarbonate levels).The parsimonious regression model performed quite well, as did
Intrauterine and postnatal atrial fibrillation in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: B Belhassen, D Pauzner, L Blieden, J Sherez, A Zinger, M David, B Muhlbauer, S Laniado
Journal: Circulation (1982)

A fetal tachyarrhythmia was discovered at the thirty-second week of gestation of a 22-year old woman. Fetal echocardiography revealed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate, without any other demonstrable cardiac abnormality. In spite of therapeutic maternal blood levels of digoxin, the fetal ventricular rate and cardiac size increased, which prompted us to perform cesarean section at the thirty-fourth week of gestation. A baby with a Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome but no other cardiac anomaly was delivered. Recurrent episodes of nonsustained atrial fibrillation with conduction over the accessory pathway occurred in the first hours of life. The Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern was not present on subsequent ECG recordings. The use of echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of this rare fetal tachyarrhythmia is emphasized.
Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of actinic keratosis: results from two phase III, randomized, double-blind, parallel group, vehicle-controlled trials
Authors: Mark Lebwohl, Scott Dinehart, David Whiting, Peter K Lee, Naji Tawfik, Joseph Jorizzo, James H Lee, Terry L Fox
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)
Physiology of the retrocalcaneal bursa.
Authors: J J Canoso, N Liu, M R Traill, V M Runge
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

To clarify the function of the retrocalcaneal bursa the hindfoot was studied by magnetic resonance imaging at various positions of the ankle joint. In normal individuals a tongue-like extension of the retromalleolar fat pad entered the bursa during plantar flexion as the angle between Achilles tendon and calcaneus widened. The reverse occurred in dorsiflexion. In contrast, in a patient with spondyloarthritis and retrocalcaneal bursitis excessive cavitary fluid prevented the intrusion of the fat pad. The sliding motion of the fat pad in and out of the bursa during ankle motion allows a more caudal, advantageous insertion of the Achilles tendon into the calcaneus.
EXPERIMENTAL FETAL DUCTAL CONSTRICTION AFTER MATERNAL INGESTION OF GREEN TEA IN LATE PREGNANCY
Authors: Paulo Zielinsky, Antonio L. Piccoli, Luiz Henrique S. Nicoloso, João L.L. Manica, Marinez Barra, Marcelo M. Alievi, Izabele Vian, Patrícia E. Pizzato, Luciano P. Bender, Marcelo Pizzato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Alteration of intracellular cysteine and glutathione levels in alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes by diesel exhaust particle exposure.
Authors: Nabil H Al-Humadi, Paul D Siegel, Daniel M Lewis, Mark W Barger, Jane Y C Ma, David N Weissman, Joseph K H Ma
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) on thiol regulation in alveolar macrophages (AM) and lymphocytes. We obtained AM and lymph node (thymic and tracheal) cells (LNC) (at different time points) from rats exposed intratracheally to DEP (5 mg/kg) or saline, and measured inflammatory markers, thiol levels, and glutathione reductase (GSH-R) activity. DEP exposure produced significant increases in neutrophils, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, and albumin content in the lavage fluid. AM from DEP-exposed rats showed a time-dependent increase in intracellular cysteine (CYSH) and GSH. In LNC the intracellular GSH reached peak level by 24 hr, declining toward control levels by 72 hr after exposure. LNC-CYSH and AM-CYSH and GSH were increased at both 24 and 72 hr. Both Sprague-Dawley and Brown Norway rats showed similar trends of responses to DEP exposure as per measurement of the inflammatory markers and thiol changes. AM and, to a lesser degree, LNC were both active in cystine uptake. The DEP exposure stimulated GSH-R activity and increased the conversion of cystine to CYSH in both cell types. The intracellular level of GSH in DEP-exposed AM was moderately increased compared with the saline control, and was further augmented when cells were incubated with cystine. In contrast, the intracellular level of GSH in DEP-exposed LNC was significantly reduced despite the increased CYSH level and GSH-R activity when these cells were cultured for 16 hr. DEP absorbed 23-31% of CYSH, cystine, and GSH, and only 8% of glutathione disulfide when incubated in cell free media. These results indicate that DEP exposure caused lung inflammation and affected thiol levels in both AM and LNC.
THE FIXATION OF A MOVABLE LIVER AND REPORT OF A CASE OF HEPATOPEXY.
Authors: J. H. CARSTENS
Journal: JAMA (1902)

On account of the great rarity of floating or movable livers, I have looked over the literature and have had others help me at it. I find that only about 98 cases have been reported, from which we are able to draw some conclusion in the etiology, symptoms and management of this class of cases. As far as I have been able to find the record of cases is as follows: A. Catini<sup>1</sup>reports a case with severe nervous symptoms, in a patient aged 54. The organ could be replaced. R. Piatelli<sup>2</sup>reports a case of a woman aged 56. A bandage could not be worn. E. A. Meissner<sup>3</sup>gives a case of a married woman of 39, a displaced liver apparently following pregnancy. She was much improved by wearing bandage. G. Barbotta<sup>4</sup>states a case of a woman aged 37, also caused by parturition. F.
Mutations in the protein kinase-binding domain of the nonstructural 5A protein and sustained virological response to combination therapy in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus type-1B
Authors: H. Akkiz, Y. Ergun, S. Colakoglu, M. Sandikci, M. Serin, A. Bekar, M. Oksuz, F.Y. Isiksal, B. Abayli, F. Kocak
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
RISK OF NEW-ONSET DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REDUCTION FROM STATIN THERAPY DIFFERS IN PRE-DIABETICS AND NON PRE-DIABETICS: A TNT AND IDEAL SUBSTUDY
Authors: Payal Kohli, David Waters, Benoit Arsenault, Michael Messig, Rachel Laskey, John Kastelein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)