tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Joint and limb symptoms in children after immunisation with measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.
Authors: C. M. Benjamin, G. C. Chew, A. J. Silman
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To assess whether the combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine increases the incidence of joint and limb symptoms in young children. DESIGN--Comparison of six week recalled incidence of symptoms in two groups of children: children who had been immunised at the start of the six weeks, and children eligible for immunisation but who had not received it. SETTING--South Manchester Health Authority. SUBJECTS--2658 children immunised during July 1989-February 1990 and 2359 not yet immunised. Questionnaires were returned for 1846 immunised children and 1075 not immunised. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Recalled rate of joint and limb episodes determined by postal questionnaire and later by clinical follow up. RESULTS--Compared with non-immunised children the immunised group had an increased incidence of new episodes (relative risk 1.6 (95% confidence interval (1.2 to 2.1)) and first ever episodes, though this was not significant (1.7 (0.3 to 3.5)). The risk of first episodes was increased in girls (3.5 (1.1 to 12.2)) but not in boys (1.0 (0.4 to 2.6)). Similarly, an increased risk was seen in children aged under 5 (12.0 (1.6 to 92.3)) but not in older children (0.7 (0.3 to 1.5)). Most episodes were mild and self limiting, but three immunised children required hospital referral. CONCLUSION--Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is associated with an increased risk of episodes of joint and limb symptoms, especially in girls and children under 5. The risk of frank arthritis is substantially less than after wild rubella infection.
Idiopathic Type 1 Diabetes?
Authors: Peter H. Bennett, William C. Knowler, Jonathan Krakoff
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The study by Pinero-Pilona et al. entitled “Idiopathic Type 1 Diabetes in Dallas, Texas: A 5-Year Experience” (1) reports on the features of 80 patients who present with diabetic ketoacidosis, the absence of islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies, and GAD antibodies, or HLA antigens associated with type 1 diabetes. The authors then describe the phenotypic characteristics of 54 patients who had follow-up data. When the study began, the patients had a mean age of 34.8 years and a mean BMI of 31.6 kg/m2 and had lost 12.8 kg body wt. All of the subjects reported type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives, and …
Effectiveness and causes for failure of surveillance of CDKN2A-mutated melanoma families
Authors: Jasper I. van der Rhee, Femke A. de Snoo, Hans F.A. Vasen, Wolter J. Mooi, Hein Putter, Nelleke A. Gruis, Nicole A. Kukutsch, Wilma Bergman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Nonsurgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus: clinical application of the Rashkind PDA Occluder System.
Authors: W J Rashkind, C E Mullins, W E Hellenbrand, M A Tait
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The first successful application of a transcatheter closure technique for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) suitable for use in infants and children was performed by us in 1977. Since that time, there has been continued improvement and simplification of the equipment as well as in the implantation technique. Following a Food and Drug Administration protocol, a multicenter study was conducted to test the safety and effectiveness of this interventional method. The clinical results from three major regional test centers (Philadelphia, Houston, and New Haven) are presented. One hundred forty-six patients from a test population of 156 were treated for PDA with use of the Rashkind PDA Occluder Systems. Successful closure was accomplished in 94 (66%) of the total cases. Ten patients (7%) retained residual ductal murmurs despite correct placement of the occlusion devices; five additional patients (3%) were considered failures due to the presence of abnormal Doppler flow patterns after the procedure. Postrelease embolizations occurred in 19 (15%) instances. One patient required emergency surgical intervention after attempted retrieval of an embolized occluder. With the improvements in the manufacturing of the double-disk occluder systems as well as the perfection of the transvenous delivery technique, the incidences of closure failure and postrelease complications have decreased. Since January 1984, 78% of all transcatheter closure attempts were successful, with 10% embolization.
Stable Isotopic Tracing—A Way Forward for Nanotechnology
Authors: Brian Gulson, Herbert Wong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Numerous publications and reports have expressed health and safety concerns about the production and use of nanoparticles, especially in areas of exposure monitoring, personal use, and environmental fate and transport. We suggest that stable isotopic tracers, which have been used widely in the earth sciences and in metabolic and other health-related studies for several decades, could be used to address many of these issues. One such example we are pursuing is the use of stable isotopes to monitor dermal absorption of zinc and titanium oxides in sunscreen preparations and other personal care products. Other potential applications of this tracing approach are discussed.
The Police Surgeon in Relation to Forensic Medicine: The Teaching of Forensic Medicine
Authors: J. Glaister
Journal: BMJ (1927)

§7''t O they were cured by marriage.In factory girls the inei- dence of dyslmieniorrhoea was very low and was confined, as a rule, in that class to clerks and those whose occupa- tions niecessitated sitting all day.She did not regard dilating and curetting in these cases of occupational dys- nienorrhoea as of any value; the -only remedy was to * This paper, read before the Australasian Medical Congress at Dunedin, New Zealand, early this year, hias been a little curtailed and some appended statistical tables omitted in order to ensure publication.
Salmeterol Prevents Aspirin-induced Attacks of Asthma and Interferes with Eicosanoid Metabolism
Authors: ANDRZEJ SZCZEKLIK, RYSZARD DWORSKI, LUCYNA MASTALERZ, ANNA PROKOP, JAMES R. SHELLER, EWA NIZANKOWSKA, ADAM CMIEL, JOHN A. OATES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We determined the effect of a long acting β2-agonist, salmeterol, on aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) attacks and urinary release of eicosanoids in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 10 asthmatics sensitive to aspirin. The patients inhaled 50 μ g of salmeterol or placebo 15 min prior to a cumulative challenge with increasing doses of lysine-aspirin (L-ASA) (Part I), and before a single, predetermined dose of L-ASA that caused a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20) (Part II). Salmeterol significantly attenuated aspirin-precipitated bronchoconstriction and the increase in urinary LTE4. Salmeterol also prevented the decrease in blood eosinophils, and abolished the correlation between the urinary levels of LTE4 and provocative doses of aspirin. In addition, PGD-M, the major urinary metabolite of PGD2, increased after L-ASA inhalation in six of nine subjects; this increase was blocked in all six by salmeterol. The protective effect of salmeterol on aspirin-induced attacks and mediator release suggests that it may be efficacious in aspirin-sensitive asthma.
Biphasic Defibrillation Waveforms Reduce Shock-Induced Response Duration Dispersion Between Low and High Shock Intensities
Authors: Oscar H. Tovar, Janice L. Jones
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Mechanisms underlying defibrillation threshold reduction with biphasic waveforms remain unclear. The interaction of local shock-induced voltage gradients, which change with distance from the shocking electrode, and the state of membrane repolarization results in different cellular responses that may influence the success of defibrillation. We used intracellular microelectrodes and S 1 S 2 pacing protocols in myocardial cell aggregates to determine the effects of shock intensity and waveform on refractory period responses during simulated fibrillation (3 s of S 1 pacing at 180-ms cycle length). We simulated defibrillation by electric field stimulation S 2 using 8-ms monophasic (MS 2 ) and 4/4 biphasic (BS 2 ) waveforms (65% total tilt) delivered at intensities of 1.5, 3, and 5 times S 1 diastolic threshold, or ≈2 to 7 V/cm. Responses following MS 2 varied with S 2 intensity and coupling interval ( P &lt;.001). When averaged over the last 10 ms of the refractory period, MS 2 produced a negligible response (8.8±1.4 ms) at 1.5 times diastolic threshold and a prolonged response (53.0±3.1 ms) at 5 times diastolic threshold ( P &lt;.01). In contrast, BS 2 response duration did not change significantly ( P =NS) between 1.5 times diastolic threshold (35.1±12.6 ms) and 5 times diastolic threshold (46.2±2.7 ms). Our results suggest that biphasic waveforms not only prolong response duration at low shock intensity but reduce dispersion of refractoriness produced by differing local potential gradients generated by defibrillation shocks compared with monophasic waveforms. Preventing dispersion of refractoriness and prolonging shock-induced responses may improve biphasic waveform efficacy at low shock intensity.
The Visible Vessel: Curse or Blessing?
Authors: Robert H. Schapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The introduction of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes into clinical practice in 1961 vastly altered the traditional approach to gastrointestinal bleeding. Technical improvements in endoscopic instrumentation soon permitted effective viewing of the entire esophagus, stomach and proximal duodenum and encouraged a "vigorous diagnostic approach" in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.1 Further studies documented the enhanced accuracy of early endoscopy, as compared to radiology, in identification of the site of upper-gastrointestinal-tract hemorrhage.2 , 3 This result is not surprising since potential bleeding sites may be numerous, and a large percentage of bleeding episodes originate in conditions, such as esophagitis, diffuse gastritis, duodenitis or Mallory-Weiss tears, that . . .
Making Performance-Based Funding Work for Health
Authors: Daniel Low-Beer, Houtan Afkhami, Ryuichi Komatsu, Prerna Banati, Musoke Sempala, Itamar Katz, John Cutler, Paul Schumacher, Ronald Tran-Ba-Huy, Bernhard Schwartländer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

The Policy Forum allows health
Ageing brains and challenging thoughts
Authors: J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I was heartened by this week’s Analysis on the ageing brain, which tries to counter some of the fear of cognitive decline that accompanies ageing (doi:10.1136/bmj.d6288). Marcus Richards and Stephani Hatch acknowledge that some cognitive skills do decline with age, but point out that people continue to learn and develop a rich set of cognitive skills. While recall of detailed information “bound to time and space” is sensitive to age related decline, memory for more abstract information is well preserved, and may actually improve with age. Cognitive capability and mental wellbeing are mutually supportive—and, say the authors, there is some evidence that continuing to work beyond traditional retirement may benefit cognitive function, …
The culture of dermal papilla cells from human hair follicles
Authors: A.G. MESSENGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Dermal papillae were isolated from human hair follicles and primary cell cultures were established from the papilla explants. The cultured papilla cells spread slowly, initially as a monolayer, and eventually formed multi-layered parallel arrays of fibroblast-like cells. At the edges of expanding colonies the cells were large and flattened and showed a tendency to form clumps. The behaviour of human dermal papilla cells in culture is very similar to that reported in cultures of papilla cells from rat vibrissa follicles.
Benzylpenicillin preparations can evoke a systemic anaphylactic reaction in guinea pigs
Authors: Masaharu Muranaka, Shuji Suzuki, Kazuhiro Koizumi, Hiroshi Igarashi, Hiroshi Okumura, Koyo Takeda, Kenji Tadokoro, Yoshihiko Horiuchi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1978)
University Tort Liability for Allowing College Debit Card Purchasing of Indoor UV Tanning Services
Authors: Konstantin V. Grigoryan, Arthur Best, Robert P. Dellavalle
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Cavitation
Authors: John P. Utz, James L. German, Donald B. Louria, Chester W. Emmons, Frederic C. Bartter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE genus of fungi aspergillus includes approximately 100 species. Some of these species are frequently encountered as contaminants of specimens submitted to the laboratory for bacterial and fungal cultures. Thom and Church1 called them the "weeds of the culture room." The frequent occurrence of aspergilli as contaminants has caused difficulty in establishing an etiologic relation in an illness in a given patient. aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A. clavatus, A. flavus and A. versicolor have been definitely associated with disease in man, but only the first two can be said to be frequent causes of mycotic disease. Because aspergilli may be . . .
VH Gene Analysis of Clonally Related IgM and IgG From Human Lymphoplasmacytoid B-Cell Tumors With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Features and High Serum Monoclonal IgG
Authors: Surinder S. Sahota, Richard Garand, Regis Bataille, Alastair J. Smith, Freda K. Stevenson
Journal: Blood (1998)
Aggressively Treating Hypertension Remains Strategy of Uncertain Benefit
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

living in the United States (Bern C and Montgomery SP. Clin Infect Dis. doi: 10.1086/605091 [published online ahead of print July 29, 2009]). The analysis also showed that about 180 congenital infections occur in the United States annually. Meymandi said that in her clinic, medical management of patients whose heart failure is a result of T cruzi infection is “incredibly aggressive.” These patients receive standard heart failure medication as well as an implantable defibrillator and the antiarrhythmia drug amiodarone, which has been shown to decrease parasitemia and work synergistically with the antifungal drug posaconazole (Benaim G et al. J Med Chem. 2006;49[3]:892-899). Nifurtimox is given as well. “We know treatment delays progression,” she said. Meymandi also tests children of infected mothers and pregnant women who may be at risk of transmitting T cruzi to their infants. Despite the remaining challenges, some experts are optimistic about the outlook on Chagas disease. “Twenty years ago, I thought we were stabbing in the dark,” said Tarleton. “But now with our understanding of the infection and the parasite, the tools available to study it, the ability to answer questions, and the prospects for drug development—we have real possibilities.”
Urinary Lactic Dehydrogenase in Genitourinary Tract Diseases
Authors: Harry Grabstald
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Enzyme studies of urinary lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) have been carried out in a total of 263 patients with various diseases of the genitourinary tract seen at this institution. Almost half had bladder tumors, but patients with other diseases, both benign and malignant, were also included in the study. Elevation of urinary LDH enzyme levels is noted after catheterization and instrumentation. Elevation seems more related to the presence of pyuria, hematuria, and bacteriuria than to the presence of a specific, proved tumor. Only rarely does a patient with normal results of urinalysis have elevated LDH levels. Urinary LDH levels and results of cytologic studies of urinary sediment show a poor correlation. We have concluded that urinary LDH determinations are not useful as a routine diagnostic procedure in the study and follow-up of patients with malignant diseases of the genitourinary tract.
P2-083: Increased expression levels of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA correlates with poor prognosis in resected non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
Authors: Guillermo López Vivanco, Sergio Carrera Revilla, Alberto Muñoz Llarena, Itziar Rubio Etxebarria, Joan Manel Mañé Martínez, Begoña Calvo Martínez, Unai Aresti, Muhialdin S. Jangi, Aitziber Gil-Negrete-Laborda, Nerea Ancizar Lizarraga
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for treatment of symptomatic systolic heart failure patients: a pilot study
Authors: Germano Emílio Conceição‐Souza, Paulo Manuel Pêgo‐Fernandes, Fatima das Dores Cruz, Guilherme Veiga Guimarães, Fernando Bacal, Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira, Cesar José Grupi, Maria Clementina Pinto Giorgi, Fernanda Marciano Consolim‐Colombo, Carlos Eduardo Negrão, Maria Urbana P. Rondon, Luiz Felipe Pinho Moreira, Edimar Alcides Bocchi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Hierarchical learning of song in birds: A case of vocal imitation?
Authors: Dietmar Todt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The target article by Byrne &amp; Russon treats imitation as an achievement that originates from observation. In my commentary I propose extending the database to the role of listening. Referring to current studies on song learning in birds, I suggest that at least some features of this accomplishment also may be based on learning by imitation.
Pulmonary Administration of Perfluorodecaline– Gentamicin and Perfluorodecaline– Vancomycin Emulsions
Authors: AXEL R. FRANZ, WOLFGANG RÖHLKE, RALF P. FRANKE, MICHAEL EBSEN, FRANK POHLANDT, HELMUT D. HUMMLER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The aim of this study was to examine pharmacokinetics and pulmonary antibiotic tissue concentrations (PATC) of gentamicin and vancomycin after intrapulmonary administration of a perfluorodecaline (PFD)-gentamicin and a PFD-vancomycin emulsion during partial liquid ventilation (PLV). PLV was initiated in 19 healthy rabbits and 18 surfactant-depleted rabbits. The animals were randomized to receive either 5 mg/kg gentamicin and 15 mg/kg vancomycin intravenously, or 5 mg/kg gentamicin intrapulmonary, or 15 mg/kg vancomycin intrapulmonary. Antibiotic plasma levels were measured after 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, and hourly thereafter. After 5 h animals were sacrificed and lungs were removed to evaluate PATC and histology. PATC were significantly higher after intrapulmonary administration of both gentamicin and vancomycin. In healthy rabbits, peak plasma concentrations were lower and 5 h plasma concentrations were higher after intrapulmonary administration, whereas plasma concentrations were not different in surfactant-depleted rabbits. There were no differences in lung histology, hemodynamics, lung mechanics, or gas exchange between the treatment groups. We conclude that during PLV, higher PATC can be achieved after intrapulmonary administration of PFD-antibiotic emulsions compared with intravenous administration of the same dose without apparent short-term adverse effects. We speculate that intrapulmonary antibiotic administration during PLV may be beneficial in treating severe pneumonia.
Do Existing Databases Hold the Answers to Clinical Questions in Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke? Executive Summary
Authors: Melvin D. Cheitlin, Gary Gerstenblith, William R. Hazzard, Richard Pasternak, Linda P. Fried, Michael W. Rich, Harlan M. Krumholz, Eric Peterson, J. G. Reves, Charles McKay, Sanjeev Saksena, Win K. Shen, Masood Akhtar, Lawrence M. Brass, José Biller
Journal: Circulation (2001)
Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Practice
Authors: Milo Gibaldi
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The pharmacokinetic concepts introduced and defined in a preceding article are now applied to the management of drug therapy for the individual patient. The factors that affect the time course of drug concentrations in plasma produced by repetitive administration include the dosing rate, total clearance, biologic half-life, and systemic availability of the drug. A clinical pharmacokinetics service can monitor drug concentrations in biologic fluids, design individualized drug-dosing regimens, and carry out pharmacokinetic diagnostic work-ups to help determine the reasons for a patient's unusual response to drug therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>235:1987-1992, 1976)
Early discharge and outpatient treatment of patients admitted for acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Sérgio Nuno Craveiro Barra, Luís Paiva, Rui Providência
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Early discharge and outpatient treatment of patients admitted for acute pulmonary embolismTo the Editor:We read with great interest the study by MOORES et al. [1].The authors propose that patients admitted for acute pulmonary embolism and classified as Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) class III could be more appropriately risk-stratified by recalculating the PESI score 48 h after admission (PESI48).83 out of 304 PESI class III patients were reclassified as low risk (defined as PESI48 class I and II) while 16 were reclassified into classes IV or V, which, according to the authors, led to an overall net improvement in risk reclassification estimated at 54%.Patients re-categorised as low risk had a mortality rate of 1.2% as opposed to 11.3% in those who remained high risk (PESI48 oIII).Prognostic assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism is of pivotal importance and still an area of ongoing research.Good prognostication of pulmonary embolism is extremely costeffective, as demonstrated by AUJESKY et al.[2], who found low molecular weight heparin treatment of pulmonary embolism to be cost-saving if o8% of patients were eligible for early discharge or if o5% of patients could be treated as outpatients.