tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological electrical remodelling in human atria induced by chronic β-blockade
Authors: C Valenzuela
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

See article by Workman et al. [5] ( pages 518 -525) incally treated with b-blockers, the so-called 'pharmacothis issue.logical remodelling', consistent with a partial reversion of the electrical AF remodelling.This study represents the Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained first one dealing with the effects of chronic b-blockade in cardiac arrhythmia found in clinical practice.AF is a AF patients at the cellular level.supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterised by uncoordinated atrial activation with consequent deterioration of atrial mechanical function [1].The ventricular response 1 .Electrical remodelling during AF to AF depends on the electrophysiological properties of the atrio-ventricular (AV) node, the level of vagal or sympa-An abrupt increase in heart frequency, like that observed thetic tone, and the action of drugs with which the patient in AF, induces an immediate (within one action potential) is being treated [2].Very often, AF occurs in conjunction and then a gradual (that arises steady state after several with other cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, minutes) decrease in the action potential duration (APD) ischaemic heart disease, valve disease, or cardiac failure.[6].This shortening of the APD leads to a parallel decrease However, in a certain percentage of patients (20-50%) AF in the atrial effective refractory period (ERP), shortening is not associated with any underlying pathology [3].the wavelength for re-entry and thus facilitating the Treatment with b-blockers is considered to be efficacious occurrence and maintenance of re-entrant arrhythmias like for controlling the ventricular heart rate during AF, which AF.This coincides with functional changes in the L-type 21
Phase II study of concurrent transarterial chemoembolization and sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Joong-Won Park, Young Hwan Koh, Hyun Beom Kim, Hwi Young Kim, Sangbu An, Joon-Il Choi, Sang Myung Woo, Byung-Ho Nam
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
PRE-OPERATIVE RENAL DISEASE PROGRESSIVELY IMPACTS LONG-TERM SURVIVAL FOLLOWING AORTIC VALVE SURGERY
Authors: Halit Yerebakan, Robert Sorabella, Marc Najjar, Julie van Hassel, Catherine Wang, Hiroo Takayama, Yoshifumi Naka, Michael Argenziano, Mathew R. Wiliams, Craig Smith, Isaac George
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Inhibition of von Willebrand Factor Binding to Platelet GP Ib by a Fractionated Aurintricarboxylic Acid Prevents Restenosis After Vascular Injury in Hamster Carotid Artery
Authors: Hiroyuki Matsuno, Osamu Kozawa, Masayuki Niwa, Toshihiko Uematsu
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) prevents von Willebrand factor binding to platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib, with higher-molecular-weight ATA more effective than the lower-molecular-weight compound. We investigated the effects of high-molecular-weight ATA ( M r =7500), obtained by fractionating commercial ATA, in the injured hamster carotid artery. Methods and Results Platelet aggregation was induced in vitro with ADP (2.5 μmol/L) or botrocetin (5 μg/mL) in hamster platelet-rich plasma. IC 50 values were 348.6±22.4 and 8.2±3.2 μg/mL, respectively. The endothelium of hamster carotid artery was denuded with a modified catheter. Continuous administration of high-molecular-weight ATA (10, 30, and 100 μg·kg −1 ·h −1 ) with an infusion pump produced antithrombotic effects in a dose-dependent manner, as evaluated by prolongation of time to occlusion. Neointima formation was observed 2 weeks after catheterization, and proliferating smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were identified by the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine (BrdU). Continuous treatment with the compound (100 μg·kg −1 ·h −1 ) with a 2ML1 Alzet infusion pump resulted in a reduction of neointimal area by 38.0±8.8% and decreased the BrdU index on days 1 and 7 significantly. DNA synthesis in DDT1MF2 hamster SMCs was also decreased by the compound in a dose-dependent manner. In histological observation, the process of endothelial healing was improved by this treatment with the compound. Conclusions Inhibition of platelet adhesion by von Willebrand factor binding to platelet GP Ib by high-molecular-weight ATA results in the prevention of thrombus formation and the suppression of neointima lesion. In addition, high-molecular-weight ATA has an inhibitory effect on SMC proliferation. This inhibition of both platelet adhesion and SMC proliferation markedly reduced vascular stenosis.
POKEWEED MITOGEN-, CONCANAVALIN A-, AND PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ-INDUCED DEVELOPMENT OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECTOR LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Holger Kirchner, R. Michael Blaese
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Cultures of chicken lymphoid tissues were tested for their capacity to lyse (51)Cr-labeled chicken, burro (BRC), and human red blood cells (HRC) in the presence of phytomitogens. PHA-stimulated cultures lysed all three types of targets, while PWM and Con A showed a "target cell specificity" for HRC and BRC, respectively. In mixtures of target cells only the appropriate targets were lysed by lymphocytes activated by either Con A or PWM indicating that soluble lymphotoxins do not play a major role in these reactions. Preincubation experiments suggested that there may be a population of pre-existing aggressor cells which only require linking to the targets by the mitogens for activation of their cytotoxic potential. Strong cytotoxic reactions were found with spleen cells, peripheral blood leucocytes, and bone marrow cells. Thymocytes were less active but could be stimulated for significant cytotoxicity, while bursal cells were generally unreactive. Spleen cells from agammaglobulinemic chickens totally lacking serum immunoglobulins and B cells with surface-bound immunoglobulins were as active as cells from normal chickens. The activity of spleen cells, from which phagocytic cells were removed was also unimpaired. These results indicate that the development of cytotoxic effector lymphocytes in mitogen-treated leucocyte cultures is a property of T lymphocytes. Although bone marrow cells fail to proliferate in response to these phytomitogens, they do have strong cytotoxic reactivity suggesting that different subsets of thymic-derived lymphocytes are responsible for mitogen-induced transformation and mitogen-induced cytotoxicity.
Case 31-1983
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, M. S. Kruskall, N. L. Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Presentation of CaseA 63-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and hepatosplenomegaly.There was a 15-year history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated from the time of the diagnosis with chlorambucil, 4 to 10 mg daily. White-cell counts obtained approximately every two months generally ranged between 15,000 and 23,000. Eight months before entry a nonproductive cough developed and persisted. Two months before admission the patient began to cough up clear sputum, which later became gray-green. One month before entry a physician prescribed amoxicillin. The cough improved, but several days later severe midepigastric pain developed, accompanied by . . .
[514] PREDICTION OF LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY BY NON-INVASIVE MODELS IN HBeAg-POSITIVE AND HBeAg-NEGATIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: S. Roberts, G.K. Lau, T. Piratvisuth, K. Luo, P. Marcellin, F. Bonino, P. Farci, P. McCloud, P. Button, M. Popescu, G. Cooksley
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Evaluation of fetal wellbeing by antepartum fetal heart monitoring.
Authors: A M Flynn, J Kelly
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The value of antenatal fetal heart rate monitoring was assessed in 301 patients. Tracings from each patient were classified as "reactive" or "non-reactive." Perinatal mortality, fetal distress in labour, caesarean section for fetal distress, and the incidence of low Apgar scores were all significantly increased in the non-reactive group.
Karyotype versus Microarray Testing for Genetic Abnormalities after Stillbirth
Authors: Uma M. Reddy, Grier P. Page, George R. Saade, Robert M. Silver, Vanessa R. Thorsten, Corette B. Parker, Halit Pinar, Marian Willinger, Barbara J. Stoll, Josefine Heim-Hall, Michael W. Varner, Robert L. Goldenberg, Radek Bukowski, Ronald J. Wapner, Carolyn D. Drews-Botsch, Barbara M. O'Brien, Donald J. Dudley, Brynn Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Genetic abnormalities have been associated with 6 to 13% of stillbirths, but the true prevalence may be higher. Unlike karyotype analysis, microarray analysis does not require live cells, and it detects small deletions and duplications called copy-number variants. The Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network conducted a population-based study of stillbirth in five geographic catchment areas. Standardized postmortem examinations and karyotype analyses were performed. A single-nucleotide polymorphism array was used to detect copy-number variants of at least 500 kb in placental or fetal tissue. Variants that were not identified in any of three databases of apparently unaffected persons were then classified into three groups: probably benign, clinical significance unknown, or pathogenic. We compared the results of karyotype and microarray analyses of samples obtained after delivery. In our analysis of samples from 532 stillbirths, microarray analysis yielded results more often than did karyotype analysis (87.4% vs. 70.5%, P<0.001) and provided better detection of genetic abnormalities (aneuploidy or pathogenic copy-number variants, 8.3% vs. 5.8%; P=0.007). Microarray analysis also identified more genetic abnormalities among 443 antepartum stillbirths (8.8% vs. 6.5%, P=0.02) and 67 stillbirths with congenital anomalies (29.9% vs. 19.4%, P=0.008). As compared with karyotype analysis, microarray analysis provided a relative increase in the diagnosis of genetic abnormalities of 41.9% in all stillbirths, 34.5% in antepartum stillbirths, and 53.8% in stillbirths with anomalies. Microarray analysis is more likely than karyotype analysis to provide a genetic diagnosis, primarily because of its success with nonviable tissue, and is especially valuable in analyses of stillbirths with congenital anomalies or in cases in which karyotype results cannot be obtained. (Funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.).
Electrocardiographic criteria for ventricular tachycardia with a left bundle branch block morphology do not identify patients with tachycardia originating from the right ventricular outflow tract
Authors: J.M. Fontaine, D.G. Evans, C.D. Guttlieb, D.J. Callans, R.F. Coyne, E.S. Zado, F.E. Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Long-term Effectiveness of B.C.G. Vaccination of Infants in Close Contact with Infectious Tuberculosis
Authors: J. Lorber, P. C. Menneer
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Apparently mutants produced destructive disease in animals on deficient diet, those which were silicotic, and at least two species of normal animals.In people, they sometimes caused lesions at the site of administration and of regional lymph nodes, as well as other organs, and death in at least a few cases.Calmette repeatedly warned that no living organism capable of producing tubercles in animal tissues should be administered to people.If methods of preventing mutation in cultures have been or can be devised, there is no assurance that it will not occur after the living organisms are introduced into human tissues.
Lead Poisoning in Rural Scotland
Authors: A. D. Beattie, J. H. Dagg, A. Goldberg, I. Wang, J. Ronald
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Nine people from four families living in rural parts of Scotland have been found to suffer from clinical or biochemical effects of lead poisoning. Five had symptoms and four had unequivocal evidence of excessive lead exposure. The source of lead has been traced to the domestic water supply which in all cases was grossly contaminated with lead acquired from lead plumbing systems, including lead storage tanks. Clinical improvement followed the replacement of lead piping in two families studied. Lead poisoning is a possible cause of chronic ill health in areas of plumbosolvent water.
Treatment of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura With Vincristine
Authors: Lorence A. Gutterman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Five patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) were treated with vincristine sulfate with reversal of all clinical and hematologic evidence of disease. In three patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. Vincristine was the principal therapeutic agent in two patients. Remissions have been sustained without maintenance therapy for up to seven years. These observations suggest vincristine to be effective in the treatment of TTP. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1433-1436)
Crack vs Inhaled Cocaine and Sentencing
Authors: Alexandra F. Boer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The review presented by Drs Hatsukami and Fischman 1 fails to address 1 important reason that federal law governing the possession of crack cocaine is disproportionately strict compared to that governing cocaine hydrochloride: the lay media.  A review of 318 articles from 11 major magazines (eg, Time, Newsweek, US News ) from 1975 to 19902 illustrates that the media was often inaccurate in describing the effects of cocaine and the consequences of its use. These magazines tended to concentrate on events concerning specific celebrities, the prevalence of cocaine use in the inner city, and its association with crime at a time when use had peaked and was beginning a 7-year decline. Undoubtedly, the sense of panic fostered by the media contributed to the development of sentencing guidelines during 1986 and 1988.  Reporting volume tells part of the story: fewer than 5 articles about cocaine were published in 1978. By 1981 and
Abstract A42: miR34a: A valuable indicator of differential outcome of Ewing sarcoma patients with complex functions
Authors: Katia Scotlandi, Maria Teresa Marino, Andrea Grilli, Piero Picci, Alessandra Carè, Claudio Tripodo, Stefano Ferrari
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The identification of reliable indicators of prognosis, which may allow the stratification of patients according to different risk at diagnosis isan important aspect of translational research in Ewing sarcoma (ES). In this paper, we validated our previous evidence showing how expression of miR34a in ES tumor samples at diagnosis was signficantly associated with tumor progression (Nakatani F. J Pathol 2012). Here we analyzed a different series of speciments derived from very controlled and homogeneously treated non-metastatic ES patients, and we compared evaluation of miR34a by RT-PCR using frozen samples with that obtained by in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded samples . The median follow-up of the 109 EWS patients was 90 months (range 9 to 241 months). 68 patients (63%) remained continuously free of disease and 41 (38%) relapsed. Expression of miR34a was evaluated by qRT-PCR using TaqMan miRNA assay kit and/or by in situ hybridization ISH optimization kit from Exiqon. High expression of miR34a was significantly related to better EFS and OVS : 5-year EFS was 74% for the 55 patients with high expression of miR34a and was 51% for the 54 patients with low expression (p = 0.004); 5-year OVS was 83% in high-expressors and 58% in low-expressors . By multivariate Cox regression analysis, the value of low miR-34a expression as well as of non-total necrosis and high LDH were all confirmed as independent risk factors associated with poor outcome. miR34a was also evaluated by ISH on TMA. miRNA expression by ISH correlates with that obtained by RT-PCR (r=0.59, p&amp;lt;0.0001, Spearman test). Although not significant, high expression of miR34a evalutated on tissue microarray still shows an association with better outcome (p=0.19). Expression of miR34a inversely correlated with expression of cyclin D1 mRNA, as well as with Ki-67 labelling. In contrast positive association was observed with YY1, a transcription factor that regulates a dazzling list of genes and whose role in malignancy is complex and has just started to emerge. The value of miR34a as predictor was higher than that of these specific targets, indicating a more complex relationship with tumor malignancy. Citation Format: Katia Scotlandi, Maria Teresa Marino, Andrea Grilli, Piero Picci, Alessandra Carè, Claudio Tripodo, Stefano Ferrari. miR34a: A valuable indicator of differential outcome of Ewing sarcoma patients with complex functions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improved Outcomes; Nov 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;74(20 Suppl):Abstract nr A42.
Magnesium absorption in the human small intestine. Results in normal subjects, patients with chronic renal disease, and patients with absorptive hypercalciuria.
Authors: P G Brannan, P Vergne-Marini, C Y Pak, A R Hull, J S Fordtran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Magnesium absorption was studied in the normal human jejunum and ileum by in vivo intestinal perfusion, using test solutions containing from 0 to 20 mM Mg (as MgCl2). As luminal Mg concentration was increased, the rate of absorption in the jejunum rose progressively with a tendency towards saturation at the higher concentrations. The kinetics and rates of Mg absorption in the ileum were comparable to those in the jejunum, with the exception that at higher luminal concentrations the ileal absorptive process was fully saturated. Using test solutions containing various combinations of Ca and Mg, we found that Ca had little or no influence on Mg absorption, even through Mg depressed Ca absorption to a modest extent. Patients with end-stage renal disease, who had a reduced rate of Ca absorption (presumably due to deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) were found to have a severe depression of Mg absorption. On the other hand, patients with absorptive hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis, who had an increased rate of Ca absorption, were found to absorb Mg normally. These results suggest that Mg absorption in the human is mediated by a transport process different from that which facilitates Ca absorption, and that normal Mg absorption may be dependent on vitamin D. Our results do not establish whether or not the normal intestine can absorb Mg against an electrochemical gradient.
Abstract B48: Expression of metalloproteinases mmp-2, mmp-9 in sentinel lymph node and sera of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Antonella Daniele, Michele Quaranta, Rosa Divella, Alfredo Francesco Zito, Gianluigi Giannelli, Maria Consiglia Asselti, Antonio Mazzocca, Angelo Paradiso
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: A sentinel lymph node is the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumour. In patients with breast cancer, several studies suggest that sentinel lymph node biopsy can accurately predict the status of axillary lymph nodes and so avoid them removal. Invasion and metastasis are the most important problems in the management of breast cancer. These events require diverse proteolytic enzymes among which MMP-2 and MMP-9 play a significant role in degradation of type IV collagen, the major component of the Basement Membrane (BM). The main objective of this study is to evaluate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in sentinel lymph node and serum of breast cancer patients at the aim to evaluate their clinical usefulness as diagnostic tumour markers in breast cancer. Material and Methods: Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was performed on sentinel lymph node by immunohistochemistry while gelatine zymography was used to determinate the serum expression of both Metalloproteinases. The association of MMP-2 and MMP-9 with clinicopathological features, including histological type, estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR), cancer familiarity and CA 15.3 levels were also analysed. In all 50 metastatic e non metastatic breast cancer patients and 34 healthy women were involved. Results: MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression were statistically significant higher in metastatic breast cancer patients respect to non metastatic cancer patients and control group both in the sentinel lymph node and serum (p&amp;lt; 0.01). Besides our results show a statistically significant correlation between higher of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and cancer familiarity (p &amp;lt;0.01; p&amp;lt; 0.05) and between MMP-9 and CA 15.3 levels and MMP-9 and grade (G3). Conclusion: Our date suggest a possible significant clinical utility of these proteolytic markers in malignant tumour, growth, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer and the role of sentinel lymph node to predict a possible involvement of axillary lymph nodes. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B48
Asymmetric Arginine Dimethylation Determines Life Span in C. elegans by Regulating Forkhead Transcription Factor DAF-16
Authors: Yuta Takahashi, Hiroaki Daitoku, Keiko Hirota, Hiroko Tamiya, Atsuko Yokoyama, Koichiro Kako, Yusuke Nagashima, Ayumi Nakamura, Takashi Shimada, Satoshi Watanabe, Kazuyuki Yamagata, Kayo Yasuda, Naoaki Ishii, Akiyoshi Fukamizu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Understanding and Enhancing Patient Compliance with Diabetic Regimens
Authors: Irwin M Rosenstock
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

Behavioral research on patient compliance with regimens to manage diabetes has suffered from lack of conceptual rigor, although a handful of recent studies and reviews are more theoretically oriented. The present review proposes a comprehensive conceptual framework in the context of learning theory to explain patient compliance and to derive approaches for enhancing compliance. The conceptual framework is the health belief model (HBM) expanded to include the concept of perceived self-efficacy. This expanded model may both serve as an agenda for future research as well as a set of guidelines for the education of patients with diabetes. A variety of educational interventions is recommended for use in patient education provided they succeed in reinforcing relevant health beliefs, behavioral skills, and the sense of self-efficacy. The problem of long-term maintenance, of particular significance in chronic disease management, is addressed by the relapse prevention model derived from social learning theory and emphasizing self-efficacy and the learning of coping skills.