tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GPs vote for "contractus interruptus"
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

General practitioners voted to delay a ballot on whether to accept their new contract last week and demanded the renegotiation of key “flaws” that many doctors believe could ruin the profession.

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Dr John Chisholm: For the contract to start in 2004, a “yes” vote is needed by 23 June

ROBERT BELL

At the special conference convened by the BMA to debate the new contract, announced in February, local medical committee chiefs voted by 139 to 127 for delaying the ballot by up to six months if necessary. However, a rider to the motion gave the General …

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Head injuries in three Scottish neurosurgical units. Scottish head injury management study.
Authors: B Jennett, A Murray, J Carlin, M McKean, R MacMillan, I Strang
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The organisation of care for patients with head injuries in Scotland was investigated by studying retrospectively 785 patients admitted in 1974 and 1975 to neurosurgical units in Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Dundee. The reasons for the injuries and the patients' clinical conditions were similar in each unit. The referral practices at the hospitals containing the units were compared and found to be different from that of the unit in Edinburgh. It is concluded that patients in the Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Dundee units, which operate a similar policy for head-injured patients, are in general similar. Transferring to a neurosurgical unit only selected patients rather than all patients with head injuries is safe practice only if policies are agreed with primary surgeons and patients can be transferred without delay.
Rb deletion in mouse mammary progenitors induces luminal-B or basal-like/EMT tumor subtypes depending on p53 status
Authors: Zhe Jiang, Tao Deng, Robert Jones, Huiqin Li, Jason I. Herschkowitz, Jeff C. Liu, Victor J. Weigman, Ming-Sound Tsao, Timothy F. Lane, Charles M. Perou, Eldad Zacksenhaus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, with several different subtypes being characterized by distinct histology, gene expression patterns, and genetic alterations. The tumor suppressor gene retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) is frequently lost in both luminal-B and triple-negative tumor (TNT; i.e., estrogen receptor–, progesterone receptor–, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative) breast cancer subtypes. However, a causal role for RB1 loss in different subtypes remains undefined. Here we report that deletion of Rb alone or together with its relative p107 in mouse mammary stem/bipotent progenitor cells induced focal acinar hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia. These lesions progressed into histologically diverse, transplantable mammary tumors with features of either luminal-B or TNT subtypes. The TNTs included basal-like tumors as well as tumors that exhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT-type tumors and a subset of the basal-like tumors, but not luminal-B–like tumors, expressed mutant forms of the tumor suppressor p53. Accordingly, targeted deletion of both Rb and p53 in stem/bipotent progenitors led to histologically uniform, aggressive, EMT-type tumors. Reintroduction of Rb into these tumor cells suppressed growth in vitro and tumor formation in vivo. These results establish a causal role for Rb loss in breast cancer in mice and demonstrate that cooperating oncogenic events, such as mutations in p53, dictate tumor subtype after Rb inactivation.
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia presenting with spinal cord compression: A case report
Authors: Hani Al‐Halabi, David Roberge
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma characterized by a wide range of clinical presentations related to direct tumor infiltration and the production of IgM. Most commonly it presents with cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, constitutional symptoms, and hyperviscosity syndrome. We report a case of WM in an 81-year-old man who initially presented with severe back pain. The patient had no peripheral lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly and his peripheral blood smear was normal. MRI of the spine revealed an epidural mass causing spinal cord compression at T9. Surgical decompression was performed and pathological analysis of the mass revealed a lymphoproliferative B-cell process. The diagnosis of WM was established after cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical analysis of the patient's bone marrow revealed the presence of a lymphoid/lymphoplasmacytoid-like bone marrow infiltrate along with an elevated serum IgM level. The patient responded both clinically and serologically to local radiotherapy. This case is unusual because the patient lacked all common clinical features of WM. This is the first reported case of epidural spinal cord compression as the initial manifestation of WM, adding to the spectrum of clinical presentations seen in this disease.
Infectious mononucleosis: immunoglobulin synthesis by cell lines
Authors: Philip R. Glade, Lawrence N. Chessin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Immunoglobulin synthesis by 16 long-term suspension cultures of mononuclear cells derived from peripheral blood of nine patients with heterophile-positive infectious mononucleosis (IM) has been demonstrated by radioimmunoelectrophoretic techniques. All cell lines synthesized molecules with IgG (gamma) heavy chain specificity. 14 cell lines produced molecules with IgM (mu) heavy chain specificity and 11 cell lines produced molecules with IgA (alpha) heavy chain specificity. No detectable synthesis of molecules with IgD (delta) heavy chain specificity was observed by these cell lines derived from peripheral blood of patients with IM. 13 cell lines produced molecules with type K (kappa) light chain specificity and 6 cell lines produced molecules with type L (lambda) light chain specificity. Of interest, 9 of 16 lines produced IgG (gamma), IgA (alpha), and IgM (mu) heavy chain molecules and 5 of these cell lines produced molecules with type K (kappa) and type L (lambda) light chain specificity as well. Further characterization by combined polyacrylamide gel filtration, immunodiffusion, and radioautography indicated the presence of newly synthesized immunoglobulin molecules with both heavy and light polypeptide chains in close association as well as free light polypeptide chain synthesis. Investigation of the localization of immunoglobulin in single cells by immunofluorescent techniques revealed that 5-22% of cells in these lines were strongly reactive with a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated rabbit antisera directed against the antigenic determinants of human IgG and cross-reactive with the determinants common to IgA and IgM. No heterophile antibody, heteroagglutinin, or hemolytic antibody could be demonstrated in these cell lines derived from peripheral blood of patients with heterophile-positive infectious mononucleosis.
The Venereal Peril.
Authors: A. Robin
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Wilmington, Del., Dec. 23, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Anent your editorial on "The Venereal Peril" inThe Journal, December 22, I might relate my experience along the line of "education." About four years ago I delivered before the students of our state college two lectures on venereal diseases. The lectures were attended by all the students and listened to very attentively. When the first lecture was delivered, the students, eager for unsavory information, crowded the lecture room. Expectation of "fun" was written on every face, and it seemed that all were prepared to make the most of the occasion of listening to utterances which they can enjoy only among themselves. As the lecture progressed, however, the expression became more and more serious, and, when the dangers lurking in gonorrhea and syphilis were unraveled, many a face turned pale and many a listener became thoughtful. Vice was presented to them in
German manufacturer is told to withdraw heparin
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices has ordered the drug manufacturer RotexMedica to recall its blood thinning heparin products from the market. The order comes after 80 patients undergoing dialysis had severe allergic reactions to the products. The side effects are thought to be linked to contaminated ingredients imported from China. The agency has asked all the 10 companies …
Spread of Influenza
Authors: A. Isaacs, C. H. Andrewes
Journal: BMJ (1951)

Further details of the epidemiology of influenza in outbreak in this area.Most of the deaths occurred in 1950-1 will be found in a report prepared for the World the older age groups, however, in contrast with the high Health Organization by Freyche and Klimt (1951).incidence in young adults during the 1918-19 influenza These accounts show two patterns of spread in influepidemic.The majority of the influenza deaths in enza epidemics.First, there is the type found in Sweden England occurred in the north, and, although the influ-and Denmark, in which influenza first appeared in the enza virus was present in force in the south of England summer and then, following a latent period of four to and in the London area, the outbreaks were much less five months, a number of small outbreaks occurred more 922 Ocr. 20, 1951
Abstract 5139: Molecular docking exploration of potential RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors at non ATP-binding sites.
Authors: Adrian C. Nicolescu, Taranjit S. Gujral, Jordan DS Zelt, Lois M. Mulligan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract RET (REarranged during Transfection) tyrosine kinase receptor is a transmembrane protein required for the development of neural-crest-derived cells, the urogenital system, and the central and peripheral nervous systems, notably the enteric nervous system. The RET protein has an extracellular domain with a cysteine-rich region and four cadherin-like domains, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, required for RET phosphorylation and downstream signaling. The structure of the RET kinase shares with other tyrosine kinases many conserved functional motifs and regulatory residues that are important for the kinase enzyme function. RET activation requires binding of a glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and a co-receptor of the GDNF family receptors α. Germline mutations of RET, leading to uncontrolled activation, are associated with thyroid cancer, and recently with colorectal and lung cancers, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. RET mutations that result in decreased receptor function have been linked to developmental defects, such as Hirschsprung disease and kidney anomalies. The design of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors has traditionally targeted the enzymes’ highly conserved ATP binding pocket. This approach resulted in the discovery of potent small molecule inhibitors, but with relatively low selectivity. To date there are no RET-specific inhibitors available for therapy, although few small molecule inhibitors are undergoing clinical evaluations as potential RET inhibitors. Since there are important critical regions within the RET molecule (e.g., the substrate binding pocket and activation loop) that contain unique amino acids and structural features, we used the method of molecular docking to virtually screen a diverse library of compounds that potentially target non-ATP binding sites of RET. Known ligands of RET were used to test the success of docking before the library of compounds was screened, docking solutions were inspected and ranked, and best compounds selected for novel structural features and future testing. Multiple comparisons with other known structures of RTK-ligand complexes have been performed in order to identify molecular features that would characterize the discovery of potential RET-specific inhibitors. Citation Format: Adrian C. Nicolescu, Taranjit S. Gujral, Jordan DS Zelt, Lois M. Mulligan. Molecular docking exploration of potential RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors at non ATP-binding sites. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5139. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5139 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
TREATMENT OF NEURASTHENIA.
Authors: HAROLD N. MOYER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

In inviting your attention to a brief consideration of the treatment of this disease, I do not hope to present anything especially new, with the possible exception of the application of prolonged cold, the marked beneficial effects of which I have noted in two patients. Everything in the treatment of neurasthenia depends upon the diagnosis. In too many instances the conception of neurasthenia in the physician's mind is very like that which obtains in hysteria, namely, that it is a term which is to be applied to any anomalous symptom for which there is no other explanation. Again, many practitioners do not clearly differentiate between hysteria, neurasthenia and hypochondria, grouping them all together under the first or second of these terms. To be sure, they all belong to the functional nervous group, but the treatment of these different conditions varies greatly, and the successful handling of an individual case depends
241 HIGH ACCURACY FOR NON-INVASIVE PREDICTION OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION USING SINGLE SESSION ARFI ELASTOGRAPHY + ULTRASOUND SPVD SCORE: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE PROTOCOL-BASED SINGLE CENTRE STUDY
Authors: D.I. Sherman, M. Jagtiani, A. Sharif, P. Basset, P. Shorvon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
A Mind That Found Itself
Authors: Robert Hierholzer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Long before celebrities started going public about their struggles with mental disorders, Clifford Beers produced a vivid personal account of what it's like to live with bipolar disorder. A Mind That Found Itself, published almost 100 years ago, is widely regarded as having helped launch the mental hygiene movement, the precursor of today's mental health consumer movements. Apart from this historical significance, the work is also a primer on bipolar disorder while being a good, if not gripping, read. Indeed, William James thought that it read like fiction while also having interest for the scientist.

In a sense, the story is simple. A recent Yale graduate becomes …
Study Seeks to Learn Best Course of Action for Mothers-to-be With Controlled PKU
Authors: Katherine Garrahan
Journal: JAMA (1987)

PREGNANCY in women with phynylketonuria (PKU) was rare before the 1980s because the retardation linked with this biochemical defect usually limited opportunities for dating or marriage. Now that early diagnostic testing and dietary measures enable many with the autosomal recessive trait to achieve normal IQ levels, these PKU patients lead relatively normal lives and are having children of their own. This prompts a new concern: high levels of phenylalanine in the blood of mothers with PKU may cross over the placenta in sufficient amounts to cause such defects as microcephaly, mental retardation, congenital heart disease, intrauterine growth retardation, or low birth weight (<i>N Engl J Med</i>1980;303:1202-1208). To cope with this problem, US and Canadian investigators in five centers are collaborating to develop a treatment program for women with PKU who want to have children. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md, is sponsoring the seven-year
17q21 gene variation is not associated with asthma in adulthood
Authors: E. Kreiner-Møller, D. P. Strachan, A. Linneberg, L. L. N. Husemoen, H. Bisgaard, K. Bønnelykke
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Background 17q21 gene variants are the strongest known genetic determinants for childhood asthma and have been reported to interact with environmental tobacco smoke exposure in childhood. It remains unclear whether individuals with 17q21 risk variants have increased risk of asthma or reduced lung function in adulthood. The aim was to examine the association between the 17q21 region and current adult asthma and lung function, and interaction with active smoking. Methods We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7216389 at the 17q21 locus in 3471 adults from the Health2006 cross-sectional study and in 7008 adults from The British 1958 Birth Cohort and examined the association with current asthma, spirometry measures, and related atopic traits. Analyses were performed for interaction with active smoking. Results We found no association between rs7216389[T] and asthma when meta-analyzed (OR = 1.02 [0.92–1.13], P = 0.81). The risk variant was associated with reduced FEV1 as compared to normal FEV1 (OR = 1.10 [1.01–1.12], P = 0.033) and with allergic sensitization (OR = 1.10 [1.03–1.17], P = 0.003). Individuals with rs7216389 risk variants smoked as frequently as individuals without risk variants, and there was no evidence that smoking modified the association between rs7216389 and asthma. Conclusion Our study suggests that the 17q21 rs7216389 locus variant does not substantially influence asthma risk in adulthood or susceptibility to detrimental effects of active smoking. This contrasts the findings in children and suggests that this locus is associated with a childhood-specific asthma endotype.
F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Tatianie A. Jackson, Karen W. Choong, Jessica A. Eng, David McAneny, Rathan M. Subramaniam, Philip E. Knapp
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Cushing syndrome (CS) is a rare condition, with an incidence of 2 to 4 cases per million inhabitants per year. In most cases of CS, elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion results in excess adrenal gland cortisol secretion but usually this is from pituitary, not ectopic ACTH production. We present a case of a 52-year-old woman with lower extremity edema and weakness. Physical examination revealed alopecia, hyperpigmentation, acne, and a 4-cm right thyroid mass with lymphadenopathy. Biopsy revealed medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). She was also diagnosed with CS caused by ectopic ACTH production, presumably from the MTC. PET/CT showed a large mass within the right lobe of the thyroid gland, extensive metastatic disease and bilateral adrenal gland hypertrophy due to CS which initially raised concern for adrenal metastases.
Alternatively activated macrophages engage in homotypic and heterotypic interactions through IL-4 and polyamine-induced E-cadherin/catenin complexes
Authors: Jan Van den Bossche, Pieter Bogaert, Jolanda van Hengel, Christopher J. Guérin, Geert Berx, Kiavash Movahedi, Rafael Van den Bergh, Anna Pereira-Fernandes, Jan M. C. Geuns, Hanspeter Pircher, Pierre Dorny, Johan Grooten, Patrick De Baetselier, Jo A. Van Ginderachter
Journal: Blood (2009)
Information Discovery on Electronic Health Records
Authors: David Chou
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kinetics of UV-erythema in normal subjects
Authors: W. RUPP, M. BADIAN, E. DAGROSA, F. GANSHORN, M. LUCENA, W. PETRI, W. SITTIG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

In the expanding field of clinical dermatopharmacology we standardized an erythema model for testing drugs with effects on UV-induced inflammation in normal male Caucasian subjects. Using a light source with fibre-optic transmission and precise radiation characteristics, some of the shortcomings of conventional UV-application could be overcome. The radiation geometry during the various experiments was kept constant by a tube, permitting a defined area of exposure. Up to eight skin areas of the backs of normal volunteers were radiated with 86.2% UV-A and 13.8% UV-B. After exclusion of hyporeactive and hyperreactive subjects a good intrasubject reproducibility was obtained repeatedly over at least 3 months. According to the definition of bioavailability, our method allows the measurement of the rate and extent of UV-induced erythema. This model has been used for testing topical steroids, non-steroidal antiphlogistics in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.
Altered p53 and Bcl-2 expression in keratinocytes of vulvar lichen sclerosus during pimecrolimus treatment
Authors: R. Nissi, V. Kotila, E. Knuuti, P.O. Väre, S. Kauppila
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Altered p53 and Bcl‐2 expression in keratinocytes of vulvar lichen sclerosus during pimecrolimus treatment Get access R. Nissi, R. Nissi Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Kotila, V. Kotila Division of Mathematics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Knuuti, E. Knuuti Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.O. Väre, P.O. Väre Pathology, Länsi‐Pohja Central Hospital, Kemi, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Kauppila S. Kauppila Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Correspondence: Saila Kauppila. E‐mail: saila.kauppila@oulu.fi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 4, 1 October 2009, Pages 958–960, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09388.x Published: 01 October 2009
Treatment of raised intraocular pressure and prevention of glaucoma
Authors: R Wormald
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two important randomised controlled trials—one from the United States, the other from Sweden—were published last year in the Archives of Ophthalmology , and their findings were a cause for celebration for ophthalmologists and subspecialists in glaucoma. 1 2 Intraocular pressure has traditionally been lowered pharmacologically or surgically in an attempt to prevent the disease destroying sight long before randomised controlled trials were conceived. The rationale was based on indirect evidence. However persuasive this might have been, it did not protect against lingering doubts caused by observing patients progress relentlessly towards blindness despite apparently successful control of intraocular pressure or the fact that a substantial proportion of people with glaucoma have pressure that is always within the normal range. Some even proposed that raised pressure was effect not cause—a failure of autoregulation because of interruption of biofeedback.

These doubts hindered advocates of population screening because evidence of effectiveness of treatment, a fundamental requirement, was not there. Eddy, in examining the economics of population screening in the United States, was one of the first to draw our attention to these deficiencies.3 For a while we were locked into an ethical dilemma. Evidence was lacking that lowering pressure was effective, yet it …