tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myeloma of the Pituitary Gland
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen, Michael C. Roarke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an integral part of the staging and post-therapeutic monitoring of multiple myeloma. This anatomic and functional imaging technique provides a comprehensive evaluation of osseous and extramedullary sites of multiple myeloma. Intracranial extramedullary myelomatous involvement is uncommon. The authors present a case of hyperdiploid IgA multiple myeloma with a pituitary gland lesion demonstrated by PET/CT and MR imaging.
The Warburg Effect in Leukemia-Stroma Cocultures Is Mediated by Mitochondrial Uncoupling Associated with Uncoupling Protein 2 Activation
Authors: Ismael Samudio, Michael Fiegl, Teresa McQueen, Karen Clise-Dwyer, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract In 1956, Otto Warburg proposed that the origin of cancer cells was closely linked to a permanent respiratory defect that bypassed the Pasteur effect (i.e., the inhibition of anaerobic fermentation by oxygen). Since then, permanent defects in oxygen consumption that could explain the dependence of cancer cells on aerobic glycolysis have not been identified. Here, we show that under normoxic conditions exposure of leukemia cells to bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) promotes accumulation of lactate in the culture medium and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) in both cell types. Notably, the consumption of glucose was not altered in cocultures, suggesting that the accumulation of lactate was the result of reduced pyruvate metabolism. Interestingly, the decrease in ΔΨM was mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling in leukemia cells and was accompanied by increased expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). HL60 cells fail to increase UCP2 expression, are not uncoupled after coculture, and do not exhibit increased aerobic glycolysis, whereas small interfering RNA–mediated suppression of UCP2 in OCI-AML3 cells reversed mitochondrial uncoupling and aerobic glycolysis elicited by MSC. Taken together, these data suggest that microenvironment activation of highly conserved mammalian UCPs may facilitate the Warburg effect in the absence of permanent respiratory impairment. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5198–205]
Palliative care for all?
Authors: R. Anthony-Pillai
Journal: BMJ (2012)

As a doctor working in palliative care I found Burge and colleagues’ editorial thought provoking.1 However, I think that palliative care is not the “last phase in the continuum of good care” but the essence of good care. The BMJ is currently full of articles about the overtreatment of patients and the hubris syndrome that medicine is currently afflicted by. Life …
The Cabinet Office Behavioural Insights Team
Authors: J. Cassidy
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Being rewarded for giving up smoking and being forced to choose whether or not to become an organ donor—these are among the first ideas to be rolled out by the UK Cabinet Office team popularly known as the “nudge unit.”

Set up six months ago, the team is looking to use psychology to influence the choices we make, and health issues are high on its agenda.

The high street pharmacy chain Boots has signed up to pilot the smoking cessation project. People who make a commitment to quit, possibly in a written contract, will get rewards when they pass regular tests proving that they haven’t been smoking.

Meanwhile people renewing or …
Reply to Giuseppe Simone, Rocco Papalia, Costantino Leonardo and Michele Gallucci's Letter to the Editor re: Alexander Tsivian, Shalva Benjamin and A. Ami Sidi. A Sealed Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy: A New Technique. Eur Urol 2007;52:1015–19
Authors: Alexander Tsivian, A. Ami Sidi
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Prophylaxis and therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection with carbenicillin and with gentamicin.
Authors: R. J. Jones, E. J. Lowbury
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The polymixins have for many years been the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa; but although they are active against all strains in vitro their clinical value has been limited.In the treatment of burns, local applications were found to have prophylactic value (Jackson, Lowbury, and Topley, 1951 ; Cason and Low- bury, 1960), but systemic administration has been less effective in the control of invasive infection (Tumbusch et al., 1961 Kefalides et al., 1964; Jones, Jackson, and Lowbury, 1966).Two new antibiotics with promising activity against Ps.aeruginosa have recently been developed.Gentamicin (Wein- stein et al., 1963) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which is re- ported to have good activity in vitro and therapeutic value in patients infected with Ps. aeruginosa (Bulger, Sidell, and Kirby, 1963; Klein, Eickhoff, and Finland, 1964; Barber and Waterworth, 1966).Carbenicillin (B.R.L. 2064) is a semi- synthetic penicillin with moderate activity in vitro against Ps.aeruginosa.In this paper we report studies which showed that.parenteraladministration of carbenicillin and of gentamicin protected burned mice against invasive infection with strains of Ps. aeruginosa.The use of carbenicillin in the treatment of patients whose burns were infected with Ps. aeruginosa was studied in a small controlled trial. Materials and Methods Assessments of Prophylaxis and TherapyProtection of burned mice against virulent strains of Ps. aeruginosa was assessed by methods described elsewhere (Jones and Lowbury, 1965; Jones et al., 1966).Mice were anaes- thetized with ether and given full-skin-thickness burns of approximately 5% of the body surface.Three hours after burning, the surface of the burned area was inoculated with approximately 700 million viable cells of Ps. aeruginosa.Treatment with antibiotics was started, firstly, immediately after burning and before inoculation with Ps. aeruginosa, to assess their prophylactic value, and, secondly, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after inoculation with Ps. aeruginosa, to assess the therapeutic value of the antibiotics.A group of six burned infected mice was included in each experiment as a control.All mice were examined and weighed daily for a period of 14 days.Bacterial cultures on blood agar and cetrimide agar (Brown and Lowbury, 1965) were obtained on alternate days from burns of mice receiving the highest dosage of antibiotics.Necropsy examinations, which included cultures of heart blood, were made on all mice that died. Strains of Ps. aeruginosaTwo strains, B4 and P14, which had previously been found virulent for the mouse and which differed in serotype, were used in the experiments.The saline suspensions inoculated on burns were prepared from overnight cultures on nutrient agar.Strains rendered resistant to the antibiotics by habitua- tion in vitro (see below) were also tested.
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE ANKLE-JOINT AND TARSUS
Authors: JAMES WARREN SEVER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

prompted me to present this paper. 1thought it might be a good thing to bring the slides out in this way for his inspec¬ tion.He seems to be at least half convinced, and I hope that time will further convince him.The latter part of Hie paper, which I did not have oppor¬ tunity to read, answers Dr. Casselberry's remarks in a brief way.These pictures are not complete, as it requires a large number of fields to demonstrate thoroughly every condition.'ihe main purpose of the demonstration is to show that chronic hyperplastic ethmoiditis ¡nut chronic suppurative ethmoiditis are two separate and distinct pathologic processes.
MEETING ITS MATCH: NONSPECIFIC VERSUS IGG-SPECIFIC PF4 ANTIBODY TESTING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEPARIN-INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA
Authors: Katelyn Woods Sylvester, Kevin Anger, Lina Matta, Robert Southard, Nahal Beik, John Fanikos, Susan Lemire, David Dorfman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
GB Virus C Infection in Patients with Type II Mixed Cryoglobulinemia
Authors: Rocco Misiani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is present in most but not all patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. Objective: To investigate the role of GB virus C (GBV-C) in type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. Design: Retrospective study of serum and cryoprecipitate samples. Setting: Tertiary care hospital in Bergamo, Italy. Patients: 58 cryoglobulinemic patients, 35 of whom were treated with interferon-α. Measurements: GB virus C RNA was determined by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay done by using primers derived from the conserved GBV-C helicase region. Results: GB virus C RNA was detected in serum specimens from 23 of 58 cryoglobulinemic patients (40% [95% CI, 27% to 53%]) and 1 of 145 healthy blood donors (0.7%) (P < 0.001). Twenty of the 23 patients with GBV-C RNA were simultaneously infected with HCV. Unlike antibodies to HCV and HCV RNA, GBV-C RNA did not concentrate in cryoprecipitate in patients co-infected with GBV-C and HCV. Furthermore, the therapeutic effectiveness of interferon-α in patients with coinfection was related to the disappearance of HCV RNA but not GBV-C RNA from serum. None of 3 patients with GBV-C infection alone had detectable GBV-C RNA in cryoprecipitate. Conclusions: Infection with GBV-C, usually associated with HCV, is common in patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia but is unlikely to have a primary role in this disease.
Simple technique for measuring serum or plasma viscosity with disposable apparatus
Authors: J. Kay
Journal: BMJ (1981)

of pressure, liquefied phenol should be rubbed into the nail matrix and bed.Dr Cameron does not state for what periods patients are followed up after angular pheno- lisation, as opposed to the simple treatment, but a long-term view must be taken.Chiropodial experience is that phenol can inhibit nail- germinating cells so that they do not divide for months or a year or more, but eventually they become active again and produce a troublesome degree of cornification.Adequately applied phenol will always destroy, but, certainly, it is as easy to fail to eradicate the matrix by phenolisation as it is for a surgeon not to dissect it out completely.Accepting Dr Cameron's point that the current medical methods for treating ingrowing toenails are generally unsatisfactory, might I suggest that chiropodial approaches be considered and that reference is made to our literature when the problem is reviewed.
Improvement of fruit allergenic extracts for immunoblotting experiments
Authors: A Martínez, M Fernández-Rivas, J Martínez, R Palacios
Journal: Allergy (1997)

A method based on ion‐exchange column chromatography to enhance the protein content of fruit allergenic extracts was found to help make the subsequent SDS‐PAGE immunoblotting assays possible; otherwise, they were difficult to achieve due to the high carbohydrate content. Fractionated extracts of apple, pear, and peach (peel and pulp) were obtained by anion‐exchange chromatography (Q‐Sepharose TM column), providing clear electrophoretic patterns which allowed IgE detection by enzymatic assays of the transferred membranes. This chromatographic method produced in one single step an enriched extract directly from the standard crude aqueous one, with an increment in the protein content of more than sixfold, on average; thus, it proved to be more suitable than the usual chemical fractionation procedures.
Effects of an increase in intracellular free [Mg2+] after myocardial stunning on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transport.
Authors: S M Krause, D Rozanski
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Myocardial stunning has been associated with a greater than twofold increase in intracellular free [Mg2+] from 0.6 to 1.5 mM. The effect of this increase in free [Mg2+] on the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ pump was assessed in SR isolated from Langendorff perfused, isovolumic rabbit hearts after 15 minutes of global ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Our results indicate that myocardial stunning results in a shift in the Ca2+ sensitivity of oxalate-supported, Ca2+ transport over the entire range of free [Ca2+] associated with the cardiac cycle. Using 0.6 mM free Mg2+ as control, maximal rates of Ca2+ transport occurred at 1 microM free Ca2+ (control, 519 +/- 32; stunned, 337 +/- 37 nmol Ca2+.min-1.mg-1). At 0.56 microM free Ca2+, SR Ca2+ transport was reduced from a control of 351 +/- 49 to 263 +/- 12 nmol Ca2+.min-1.mg-1 at 0.6 mM free [Mg2+]. Moreover, an increase in the free [Mg2+] from 0.6 to 1.5 mM results in a greater shift in the Ca2+ activation curve with no change in the level of maximal activation. Ca2+ transport at 0.56 microM free Ca2+ was shifted in the stunned SR from 263 +/- 12 to 138 +/- 29 nmol Ca2+.min-1.mg-1 at 0.6 and 1.5 mM free Mg2+, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that an increase in free [Mg2+] after stunning in combination with the inherent defect in the SR Ca2+ ATPase may reduce the ability of the cell to regulate Ca2+ to a greater extent than previously observed. This impairment in Ca2+ regulatory function may contribute directly to the increase in diastolic tone and indirectly to the reduced systolic function characteristic of the stunned myocardium.
O72 PHASE 1–2 CLINICAL TRIAL IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS TREATED WITH BONE-MARROW DERIVED ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS: PRELIMINARY SAFETY AND EFFICACY ANALYSIS
Authors: D. D'Avola, V. Fernandez-Ruiz, F. Carmona-Torre, M. Mendez, F. Prosper, E. Andreu, J.I. Herrero, M. Iñarrairaegui, C. Fuertes, J.I. Bilbao, B. Sangro, J. Prieto, J. Quiroga
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Surgeons in study were inexperienced at laparoscopic repair
Authors: R. W Motson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Kate Lawrence and colleagues conclude that more complications occur after laparoscopic than after open repair of inguinal hernias and that costs are higher.1 There are, however, several flaws in their study.

At the start of the study the most experienced laparoscopic surgeon had performed only 20 repairs and the others had performed fewer, though the number is not stated. It is questionable whether comparing the laparoscopic repairs of surgeons on the steep part of the learning curve (which would include the surgeon who had …
Electronic Health Records
Authors: Michael E. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters4 November 2014Electronic Health RecordsMichael E. Miller, MDMichael E. Miller, MDFrom Boston University Affiliated Physicians, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5021-4 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I could not agree more with Sinsky and colleagues’ (1) observations, premise, and proposed principles to support higher-value primary care through electronic health records (EHRs). My concern is that their recommendations come about 10 years too late! Where were the institutional leaders of primary care and internal medicine to promote the authors’ recommendations when first- and now second-generation EHRs were being designed and installed?The corporate axiom remains true: If you don't have a seat at the table, you'l find yourself on the menu. Organized medicine's—and particularly primary care's—strategy of reactive response (let's see how commercially available ...Reference1. Sinsky CA, Beasley JW, Simmons GE, Baron RJ. Electronic health records: design, implementation, and policy for higher-value primary care. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:727-8. [PMID: 24842418] doi:10.7326/M13-2589 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael E. Miller, MDAffiliations: From Boston University Affiliated Physicians, Boston, Massachusetts.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0331. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoElectronic Health Records: Design, Implementation, and Policy for Higher-Value Primary Care Christine A. Sinsky , John W. Beasley , Greg E. Simmons , and Richard J. Baron Electronic Health Records: Design, Implementation, and Policy for Higher-Value Primary Care Christine A. Sinsky , John W. Beasley , Greg E. Simmons , and Richard J. Baron Electronic Health Records Alan W. Feld Electronic Health Records John W. Beasley and Christine A. Sinsky Electronic Health Records Alan W. Feld Electronic Health Records John W. Beasley and Christine A. Sinsky Metrics 4 November 2014Volume 161, Issue 9Page: 679KeywordsElectronic medical recordsHealth care providersMedical servicesMedicareMotivationOrthopedicsPrimary care physiciansQuality of lifeSteroidsSurgeons ePublished: 4 November 2014 Issue Published: 4 November 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
How Well Does a Journal's Peer Review Process Function?
Authors: Bobbie Jean Sweitzer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To evaluate the authors' satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the peer review process of the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia.Anonymous questionnaires were sent to authors to survey their opinions about specific aspects of the peer review process. Authors were grouped by status of their manuscripts: AR (accept with revision), RR (reject but may resubmit), and RO (reject outright).Authors of unsolicited manuscripts submitted in 1991 to 1992.Factors that determine authors' satisfaction with the relevancy and benefit of peer review of their manuscript.Significantly more authors of AR manuscripts responded to our survey than did authors of rejected manuscripts and viewed the review process more favorably. Authors of AR manuscripts were more satisfied with specific aspects of the review process, which led to improvement in their manuscripts. More authors of RR manuscripts believed that our review process improved subsequent manuscript preparation than did authors of accepted manuscripts.The surveying of authors, important clients of the peer review process, should guide change necessary to better serve our authors and improve peer review.
Tumor-Induced Pressure in the Bone Microenvironment Causes Osteocytes to Promote the Growth of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases
Authors: Joseph L. Sottnik, Jinlu Dai, Honglai Zhang, Brittany Campbell, Evan T. Keller
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Cross-talk between tumor cells and their microenvironment is critical for malignant progression. Cross-talk mediators, including soluble factors and direct cell contact, have been identified, but roles for the interaction of physical forces between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment have not been described. Here, we report preclinical evidence that tumor-generated pressure acts to modify the bone microenvironment to promote the growth of prostate cancer bone metastases. Tumors growing in mouse tibiae increased intraosseous pressure. Application of pressure to osteocytes, the main mechanotransducing cells in bone, induced prostate cancer growth and invasion. Mechanistic investigations revealed that this process was mediated in part by upregulation of CCL5 and matrix metalloproteinases in osteocytes. Our results defined the critical contribution of physical forces to tumor cell growth in the tumor microenvironment, and they identified osteocytes as a critical mediator in the bone metastatic niche.
Cardiopathy of Obesity — A Not-So-Victorian Disease
Authors: Franz H. Messerli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The "fatty heart" (cor adiposum or adipositas cordis) was a very fashionable disease in the last century, and much ink was wasted on this topic in the textbooks of Covisart, Laennec, Stokes, Rokitansky, and others. Ever since Senac1 described a patient who died suddenly because pericardiac layers of fat suffocated the heart, the evil reputation of the fatty heart has been well established. However, fatty heart remained a "wastebasket diagnosis" that comprised (as we realize now in retrospect) such heterogeneous disorders as ischemic heart disease, beer-drinker's heart, myocarditis, and perimyocardial fat infiltration. For many decades, "fatty heart" was a confusing . . .
Venous Thromboembolic Events Associated With Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Deborah Grady
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Heart and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) is a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial designed to test the effect of hormone replacement therapy on the rate of new coronary heart disease (CHD) events in 2763 postmenopausal women younger than 80 years who had preexisting CHD and an intact uterus at enrollment. Participants were randomly assigned to take 1 tablet daily, either a placebo or the combination of 0.625 mg of conjugated equine estrogens and 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate. Recruitment for HERS was completed in September 1994, and the trial is scheduled to continue until mid 1998. In addition to the primary end point of CHD events, a number of secondary end points were specified in the HERS protocol for evaluation in planned interim monitoring; these include the occurrence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE), ie, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or both. Recently, 4 observational studies<sup>1-4</sup>and
THE EFFECT OF L-NOREPINEPHRINE ON CARDIAC OUTPUT IN THE ANESTHETIZED DOG DURING GRADED HEMORRHAGE 1
Authors: J. P. Gilmore, C. M. Smythe, S. W. Handford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1954)

Clinical reports have recently suggested that l-norepinephrine is a valuable agent in the treatment of shock (1-3). It has been found relatively more effective in those cases in which there is no major decrease in blood volume, such as in shock due to drug sensitivity, myocardial infarction, overwhelming infection and post-operative hypotension unresponsive to transfusion. Also, some cases of surgical or oligemic shock are reported in which it has been used with success (4-6). The rationale for the use of l-norepinephrine in shock rests on the observation that its administration is followed by restoration of blood pressure and general clinical improvement. However, since there is a body of surgical opinion which holds that pressor drugs are contraindicated in the treatment of hemorrhagic hypotension, the present series of experiments was designed to define the circulatory responses of the dog to l-norepinephrine during graded hemorrhage. Cardiac output, arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance were the parameters measured. The effects of l-norepinephrine on the normal human circulation are well known (7). The drug elicts a bradycardia, an increase in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, an increase in total peripheral resistance, a slight decrease or no change in cardiac output, an increase in coronary blood flow, a marked decrease in renal, cutaneous, skeletal muscular and cerebral blood flows and no change of estimated splanchnic blood flow (7). From these circulatory responses, it is apparent that coronary and hepatic blood flow are maintained or increased under the influence of 1norepinephrine, while flow in other vascular cir
Revising Medicare's Physician Fee Schedule — Much Activity, Little Change
Authors: Paul B. Ginsburg, Robert A. Berenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

What garners attention when it comes to Medicare's payment rates for physicians is the annual drama over possible 11th-hour congressional intervention to prevent cuts under the sustainable growth rate formula. But behind the scenes, Medicare policymakers have been focusing on another aspect of the periodic adjustments: the updating of the relative values in the physician fee schedule and the accuracy of the data on which it relies. Since 1992, Medicare has paid physicians through a fee schedule according to a resource-based relative-value scale (RBRVS). This approach was intended to address distortions produced by basing payments on prevailing charges, which had . . .