tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computer Projects in Health Care
Authors: F T de Dombal
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Malignancy is now the commonest disease causing death in children over the age of 1 year.At a time when encouraging results in the treatment of some childhood malignancies are being reported this book provides a timely, succinct, but accurate and well- informed survey of the current position.Its authors are distinguished American paediatricians and oncologists, to whom we owe much of the modern concept of a team approach by a paediatrician, oncologist, surgeon, and radiotherapist in the management
Telling the Cancer Patient-Reply
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In Reply.—  There is no denying that patients have a right to know the diagnosis and treatment of their condition. They have a legal right of access to their hospital and physicians' records. Less certain is a patient's right of access to the physician's mind, the right to know about a hopeless prognosis and imminent death, as projected by the physician. Apart from the possible error in such a projection and its crushing effect on the patient's psyche, the disclosed truth encroaches on nature's best guarded secret—the place and time of death.
Comparative reactivity and mechanical properties of human isolated internal mammary and radial arteries
Authors: Philippe Chamiot-Clerc, Xavier Copie, Jean-François Renaud, Michel Safar, Xavier Girerd
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the arterial wall mechanics and the vasoreactive properties of the radial artery in comparison with those of the internal mammary artery and to discuss their implications for coronary bypass grafts. Methods: Measurements of pressure and diameter were obtained from cylindrical segments, whereas measurements of reactivity were obtained from ring segments from the same arteries. We used an echo-tracking technique of high resolution enabling to investigate, in vitro, the diameter and the wall thickness of arterial cylindrical segments. Furthermore, the compliance, distensibility and incremental elastic modulus of the radial and of the mammary arteries were determined for a wide range of transmural pressure (0–200 mmHg) in presence and absence of norepinephrine (NE). Results: Our results show that NE caused vasoconstriction of the two arteries. Strain was found significantly higher for the radial artery than for the internal mammary artery at any given value of stress both in the presence and in the absence of NE. In presence of NE, compliance for radial artery, in the overall transmural pressure range, did not change, whereas, distensibility was significantly increased and the elastic modulus was significantly decreased. Under the same conditions, the distensibility of the mammary artery tended to decrease and its elastic modulus to increase. In parallel, the vasoreactive properties of the two arteries confirmed the previous results showing that radial artery developed a significant higher tension to vasoconstricting agents (KCl, NE and phenylephrine (PHE)) and higher relaxation to isradipine than internal mammary artery. Moreover, radial artery displayed a lesser sensivity to sodium nitroprusside than internal mammary artery. Furthermore, sensitivity to NE was found to be 7-fold higher for radial artery than for internal mammary artery. Conclusion: Taken together, data on the mechanical and reactive properties of radial and internal mammary arteries show why the radial artery displayed a higher potential for spasm than the internal mammary artery and why the use of Ca2+ channel blocker can decrease the incidence of occlusion and spasm.
Cytomegalovirus Esophageal Ulcers
Authors: J M Kilby, S Singh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Figure 1. A 48-year-old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus had had recurrent painful ulcers in his mouth and esophagus for several years. Biopsies of the lesions were nondiagnostic. Odynophagia and substernal chest pain responded to repeated courses of prednisone for presumed idiopathic esophageal ulcers. A subsequent recurrence led to a weight loss of 14 kg. The CD4+ cell count was 9 per cubic millimeter. Esophagoscopy revealed extremely large coalescing ulcers of the distal esophagus, effectively resulting in a “double-barreled” lumen (Panel A), as well as evidence of Barrett's esophagus. A barium swallow (Panel B) confirmed the presence of . . .
Contextual freedom: Absoluteness versus relativity of freedom
Authors: Farzaneh Pahlavan, Ali Amirrezvani
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Our commentary is focused on the idea that “freedom” takes on its full significance whenever its relativistic nature, in the short- and long terms, is taken into account. Given the transformations brought about by “globalization,” application of a general model of freedom based on ecological-economic factors clearly seems to be rather untimely. We examine this idea through egocentric and ethnocentric views of the social and environmental analyses of “freedom.”
Acquiring a new concept is not explicable-by-content
Authors: Nicholas Shea
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract Carey's book describes many cases in which children develop new concepts with expressive power that could not be constructed out of their input. How does she side-step Fodor's paradox of radical concept nativism? I suggest that it is by rejecting the tacit assumption that psychology can only explain concept acquisition when it occurs by rational inference or other transitions that are explicable-by-content.
Articulation du code génétique et du code linguistique en psycho thérapie
Authors: J. Cosnier
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 Articulation du code génétique et du code linguistique en psychothérapie Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology J. Cosnier J. Cosnier Laboratoire de Psychologie Animale et Comparée et Centre de Santé Men tale de la MGEN-Université Cl.-Bernhard, Lyon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1974) 24 (4-6): 490–492. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286789 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. Cosnier; Articulation du code génétique et du code linguistique en psychothérapie. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1974; 24 (4-6): 490–492. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286789 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1974Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Interactions of asbestos-activated macrophages with an experimental fibrosarcoma.
Authors: K Donaldson, J M Davis, A Ewing, K James
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Supernatants from in vivo asbestos-activated macrophages failed to show any cytostatic activity against a syngeneic fibrosarcoma cell line in vitro. UICC chrysotile-induced peritoneal exudate cells also failed to demonstrate any growth inhibitory effect on the same cells in Winn assays of tumor growth. Mixing UICC crocidolite with inoculated tumor cells resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth; this could, however, be explained by a direct cytostatic effect on the tumor cells of high doses of crocidolite, which was observed in vitro.
Anti-tumor activity against multiple myeloma by combination of KW-2478, an Hsp90 inhibitor, with bortezomib
Authors: T Ishii, T Seike, T Nakashima, S Juliger, L Maharaj, S Soga, S Akinaga, J Cavenagh, S Joel, Y Shiotsu
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a promising target for anti-tumor therapy. We previously reported the anti-tumor activity of a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, KW-2478, in multiple myeloma (MM) as a single agent. In this study, we examined the combinational effect of KW-2478 and bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, KW-2478 enhanced bortezomib-induced cell growth inhibition, both in MM cell lines and primary patient MM cells. The combination of KW-2478 and bortezomib also induced caspase activation in MM cell lines. Interestingly, the combination synergistically enhanced the expression of Hsp70B, a homolog of Hsp70, in human MM cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating Hsp70B could be a surrogate biomarker for the combination of Hsp90 and proteasome inhibitors. In vivo, the combination of KW-2478 with bortezomib showed synergistic anti-tumor activity without significant body weight loss in a subcutaneously inoculated human myeloma model. Furthermore, the combination also showed synergistic reduction of tumor burden in bone marrow in an orthotopic myeloma model. Our results strongly suggest that combination of KW-2478 with bortezomib could exhibit enhanced anti-tumor activity against human myeloma.
Rehabilitation After Hemipelvectomy
Authors: Arthur L. Watkins
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE LIFESAVING value of hemipelvectomy has been previously reported. Less is known about effective use of prosthesis, return to employment and similar goals in rehabilitation, or about the cost and time factors involved. The end results in patients who have undergone this surgery and have been given prosthetic training and rehabilitation services, accordingly, is reported. This information should be of particular value to public agencies called on to make decisions in regard to payment of the cost of rehabilitation (average cost of "Canadian" hemipelvectomy prosthesis in Boston, $635). In this study the cases of all patients with hemipelvectomies who have been supplied with prostheses and given prosthetic training and rehabilitation services in the Bay State Medical Rehabilitation Clinic during the past 10 years are reviewed. There were 10 patients, varying in age from 19 to 57 years. Two were women. In 7 the pathological diagnosis was chondrosarcoma of the upper
Deposition of amphotericin B aerosols in pulmonary aspergilloma
Authors: P Diot, B Rivoire, A Le Pape, E Lemarie, D Dire, Y Furet, M Breteau, GC Smaldone
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

The aim of the present study was to characterize amphotericin B aerosols nebulized by ultrasonic and jet nebulizers and to study their deposition and pharmacokinetics in patients with pulmonary mycetoma. The aerodynamic behaviour and pulmonary deposition of amphotericin B particles were measured using a direct isotopic method based on stable labelling of the drug with 99mTc. Each nebulizer was bench tested for inhaled mass and particle size distribution. Three patients suffering from pulmonary aspergilloma were enrolled for a 4 week clinical study. They received 5 mg of amphotericin B daily delivered by either Fisoneb or DP100 (ultrasonic) or Respirgard II (jet) nebulizers. Deposition of radiolabelled amphotericin B was measured once with each nebulizer using a gamma-camera. In two patients, amphotericin B serum concentration was monitored over a 330 min period after the nebulization had been completed. Inhaled masses of the three nebulizers, assessed as % of labelled drug caught in inspiratory filter in duplicate experiments, were: 5.8 and 3.6% for Respirgard II; 26.5 and 28.3% with Fisoneb; 5.9 and 6.3% for DP100. Mass median aerodynamic diameter (mean +/- SD) results were: 0.28 +/- 0.04 micron with Respirgard II; 4.82 +/- 0.78 microns with Fisoneb; and 2.27 +/- 1.14 microns with DP100. Because of larger particles and significantly greater inhaled mass, Fisoneb delivered more amphotericin B to the central airways, the lung periphery and in the mycetoma lung regions. Amphotericin B serum concentrations correlated with pulmonary deposition and remained below 25 ng.mL-1. No untoward effects were reported by the patients during the 4 week trial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reviews and Notes: Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: The Limbic Hypothesis
Authors: Carol S. North
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 June 1994Reviews and Notes: Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: The Limbic HypothesisCarol S. NorthCarol S. NorthWashington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: The Limbic HypothesisJay A. Goldstein. 259 pages. New York: Haworth Medical Press; 1993. $89.95, hardcover; $49.95, softcover.The author of this book “has seen over 3000 CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome) patients”. This would have been a good opportunity for him to present a wealth of important basic information. Some simple tables describing characteristics of his patients with the syndrome, which are identified by the inventories on pages 6 to 10 and 235 to 238, would have been relatively easy to do and illuminating and would have provided a solid foundation for generating hypotheses. Instead, the author ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1994Volume 120, Issue 11Page: 975KeywordsBrainChildrenChronic fatigue syndromeEpidemiology ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 June 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Gastroduodenal Malignancies: Systematic Review of their Clinical Effectiveness
Authors: A. Dormann, S. Meisner, N. Verin, A. Wenk Lang
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Background and Study Aims: The current standard approach to the management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction mainly involves bypass surgery, which is associated with significant rates of mortality and morbidity. Recently, metal stents have emerged as a new therapeutic option. The aim of the present study was to review the currently published evidence on the effectiveness and safety of this form of endoscopic treatment. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the published data was carried out by searching medline, embase, and abstracts from the major gastroenterological conferences from January 1992 to September 2003. A total of 136 relevant publications were identified (case series, single case reports, letters and editorials, or reviews). The systematic review included 32 case series from a total of 46 publications identified as reporting primary clinical data. Abstracts and single case reports were not taken into account. Analysis of these 32 case series included data on technical success (successful stent placement and deployment), clinical success (relief of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and/or improvement of food intake), and complications. Pooled results were calculated from the 32 studies (10 of which were prospective). Results: Stent insertion was attempted in 606 patients with malignant symptomatic gastroduodenal obstruction; 94 % of the patients were unable to take food orally or were mainly ingesting liquids. Stent placement and deployment were successful in 589 of the patients (97 %). Clinical success was achieved in 526 patients in the group in which technical success was reported (89 %; 87 % of the entire group undergoing stenting). Disease-related factors accounted for the majority of clinical failures. Oral intake became possible in all of the patients in whom a successful procedure was carried out, with 87 % taking soft solids or a full diet, with final resolution of symptoms occurring after a mean of 4 days. There was no procedure-related mortality. Severe complications (bleeding and perforation) were observed in seven patients (1.2 %). Stent migration was reported in 31 patients (5 %). Stent obstruction occurred in 104 cases (18 %), mainly due to tumor infiltration. The mean survival period was 12.1 weeks. Conclusions: Published evidence from case series suggests that gastroduodenal stenting offers good palliation and is a safe and effective treatment option in patients with a short remaining lifespan. However, patient selection for this intervention continues to be an issue requiring thorough consideration, and studies comparing the method with surgery are needed.
Neither periprocedural pregnancy-associated plasma protein A nor C-reactive protein levels predict restenosis
Authors: Christopher J. Hammett, John K. French, Michael Christiansen, Claus Oxvig, Michael T. Overgaard, Bruce J. Webber, Ralph A. Stewart, Cheuk-Kit Wong, Mark W. Webster, John A. Ormiston, Wanzhen Gao, Harvey D. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
US revamps website to promote health insurance exchanges
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Obama administration has relaunched its main health reform consumer website this week to try to tell more Americans about the changes coming with full implementation of the Affordable Care Act next year.

The main purpose of the website, Healthcare.gov, is to help uninsured people get coverage through the health insurance exchanges created by the 2010 act.

The exchanges, a key element of the reform law, are designed to provide an online marketplace where individuals, families, and small businesses can purchase vetted health coverage with the help of income …
Epidural steroid injections for low back pain
Authors: S. P. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Overall the evidence of benefit is weak, but some may benefit

In the linked randomised trial (doi:10.1136/bmj.d5278), Iversen and colleagues assess the efficacy of caudal epidural steroid and caudal epidural saline injection in the treatment of chronic (>12 weeks’ duration) lumbar radiculopathy.1 Low back pain is the leading cause of disability in the world and a major contributor to a wide range of other problems, such as substance misuse and depression.2 Perhaps the most important distinction to make when categorising low back pain is to distinguish between neuropathic and mechanical causes, because this informs treatment.2 3 Recent studies show that about a third of patients with chronic low back pain have predominantly neuropathic pain.3 Sciatica responds better than non-specific low back pain to interventions, but treating any form of low back pain is challenging.

Epidural steroid injections have been used for more than 50 years to treat low back pain and are the most common intervention in pain clinics throughout the world.4 Yet despite their widespread use, their efficacy is unclear. Of around 35 controlled studies evaluating such injections, slightly more than half show some benefit. Moreover, systematic reviews written by authors who perform epidural steroid injections are more likely to conclude that it is effective than reviews written by those who do not use such …
Estrogen status and heredity are major determinants of premenopausal bone mass.
Authors: R Armamento-Villareal, D T Villareal, L V Avioli, R Civitelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

To analyze their relative effects on premenopausal bone mass, we have studied the impact of lifelong estrogen exposure, assessed by an estrogen score (ES; computed on age at menarche, average length of menstrual cycles since menarche, and use of birth control pills), heredity, and some environmental factors on vertebral bone density (VBD), of 63 premenopausal women (age, 19-40 yr). Compared with women with normal bone density (Z score > -1), subjects with low VBD (Z score < -1) had significantly lower ES (15.1 +/- 3.9 vs. 18.7 +/- 2.4, P = 0.001), higher age at menarche (13.8 +/- 1.7 vs. 12.6 +/- 1.4 yr, P = 0.005), and lower serum estradiol (46.9 +/- 37 vs. 86.6 +/- 57 pg/ml, P = 0.023) and estrone levels (107.4 +/- 60 vs. 178.8 +/- 9.0 pg/ml, P = 0.05). Likewise, women in the lowest quartile for VBD had significantly lower ES (15.3 +/- 4.5 vs. 18.1 +/- 2.7, P = 0.006) and higher age at menarche (13.9 +/- 1.9 vs. 12.8 +/- .4, P = 0.02) than those in the upper three quartiles. A higher proportion of subjects with irregular menses (52 vs. 23%, P = 0.03) and a positive family history of osteoporosis (86 vs. 61%, P = 0.04) was found in the low VBD group compared with subjects with normal VBD. VBD correlated positively with ES (r = 0.44, P = < 0.001) and negatively with age at menarche (r = -0.30, P = 0.03) by simple linear regression, whereas no correlation was found between VBD and age, body mass index, parity, lactation, physical activity, sunlight exposure, and dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes. The correlation between VBD and ES improved after correcting for the effect of all the other variables by partial correlation analysis (Pearson partial r = 0.57, P = < 0.01), which also disclosed a significant contribution of dietary calcium to VBD. However, ES was the only significant independent determinant of VBD, by stepwise multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.24). Therefore, premenopausal estrogen exposure, and possibly genetic predisposition, rather than environmental factors, are the major determinants for the development of peak bone mass before menopause.