tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Myocarditis in Paralytic Poliomyelitis
Authors: J. F. Galpine, W. C. MacC. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Out of 141 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis admitted to the isolation unit in Coventry during 1957, there were six deaths in the acute stage and one death in the earlier post-acute stage.Of these seven fatalities, five (all adults) came to necropsy, and all showed microscopical evidence of myocarditis.Histological reports of British cases of poliomyocarditis are not numerous, being confined, so far as is known, to individual cases in children.A description of the five cases follows. Clinical Summaries and PathologyCase 1.-A man of 28 was admitted to hospital on May 15, 1957, with pyrexia and meningeal signs.The cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F.) contained 190 white blood cells per c.rnm. (60% polymorphonuclears) and 75 mg. of protein per 100 ml.Next day the paralysis spread rapidly to the limbs and respiratory muscles, and he was placed in a cabinet respirator.On May 21 his general condition deteriorated and tracheotomy was performed, followed by change-over to positive/negative-pressure ventilation through a cuffed tracheotomy tube.X-ray examination of the chest on May 22 showed collapse of the right upper lobe ; this was later followed by collapse of the right lower lobe with increasing mediastinal shift to the right unaffected by bronchoscopic toilet, suction through the tracheotomy, and antibiotics.His condition slowly deteriorated, and he died on July 10 in the ninth week of illness.Diagnosis:-Paralytic poliomyelitis, confirmed at necropsy.Basal pneumonia was present.The heart, containing much agonal clot, showed no gross abnormality, but histology revealed poliomyocarditis changes of moderate severity.Case 2.-A housewife aged 25 was admitted on July 23, 1957, in the fourth week of the puerperium, with neck and back rigidity, nasal speech, and weakness of the left arm.The C.S.F.contained 150 polymorphonuclears and 75 lymphocytes per c1mm.and 250 mg. of protein per 100 ml.On July 24 the paralysis spread to all limbs, respiratory power became affected, and the patient was placed in a cabinet respirator.Next day her swallowing was somewhat impaired, but the pharynx remained dry and cabinet respiration was continued.On July 31, when the respirator was opened for nursing, she became cyanosed, complained of ill-localized pain in her chest, and died in about 10 minutes.
Parotid Gland Enlargement and the Insulin-oedema Syndrome
Authors: A. G. Shaper
Journal: BMJ (1966)

tion of irregular dietary patterns and con- sequent insulin overdosage is present.The mechanism is likely to be concerned with glycogen deposition, and associated fluid retention or an adreno-cortical mechanism may be concerned in the more severe and acute cases.'-I am, etc.,
Donor antigen-specific regulatory T-cell function affects outcome in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Igor Tsaur, Martin Gasser, Beatriz Aviles, Jens Lutz, Lydia Lutz, Martin Grimm, Volkmar Lange, Kai Lopau, Uwe Heemann, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Anil Chandraker, Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
THE MECHANISM OE COMEDO FORMATION IN ACNE VULGARIS.
Authors: E. LIPMAN COHEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1956)

Journal Article THE MECHANISM OE COMEDO FORMATION IN ACNE VULGARIS. Get access E. LIPMAN COHEN E. LIPMAN COHEN Skin Department, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 68, Issue 11, 1 November 1956, Pages 362–368, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1956.tb12767.x Published: 01 November 1956
Prognostic relevance of the expression of Tdt and CD7 in 335 cases of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: A Venditti, G Del Poeta, F Buccisano, A Tamburini, MC Cox-Froncillo, G Aronica, A Bruno, B Del Moro, AM Epiceno, A Battaglia, L Forte, M Postorino, V Cordero, S Santinelli, S Amadori
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
Adequate analgesia for acute pain.
Authors: P T Roughneen, H J Burns, B J Rowlands
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Adequate analgesia for acute painControversy surrounds the appropriate use of analgesia for patients with acute abdominal pain of uncertain aetiology.I We investigated the extent to which severe abdominal pain, with no contraindication to analgesia, goes untreated in a receiving surgical unit. Patients, methods, and resultsOver one month 103 patients with acute abdominal pain were admitted to the Western Infirmary.Criteria for entry to the study were: (1) no contraindication to the use of potent analgesia or antacid treatment (which might mask important clinical signs); (2) a pain score ¢6 on a visual analogue scalexanging from 0 to 102; and (3) no medical contraindication to the use of potent analgesia.Fifty one patients were included in the study and followed up prospectively during their first 24 hours in hospital.-Provisionaldiagnosis, time of initial examination, and pain score two hours after the initial examination were recorded.In patients who underwent operation the interval between the decision to operate and the time of operation was also recorded.Four surgical teams managed patients during the study period and were unaware that the study was being conducted.All recordings were made by a single observer and results expressed as mean (SD).The 51 patients (31 women, 20 men; mean age 48 (24-6) years) had a variety of conditions causing their pain (table).Twenty seven (eight treated by operation, 19 treated conservatively; six men, 21 women) received no analgesia in the first 24 hours of their stay in hospital while 24 did (six treated by operation, 18 treated conservatively; 14 men, 10 women).The mean pain scoresofthe two groups were 8-8 (1-2) and 8-1 (1-4) respectively and the meanages 40O7 (22-2) and 55-3 (27-4) Diagnoses, pain scores, and use ofanalgesia in 51 patients whofulfilld the criteriafor study Case No Diagnosis Pain score* Analgesiat Operative management 1 Pancreatic pseudocyst 10 Yes 2 Appendicitis 10 No 3 Appendicitis 10 No 4 Intestinal obstruction 8 No 5 AppendicitisWe thank the patients and staff of the acute surgical receiving unit at the Western Infirmary, Glasgow, for their participation and help with this study.1 Hughes TJ.Opiates in acute abdominal pain.
Charity and drug company work together to develop cure for Chagas' disease
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) has entered into an agreement with a drug company to develop the first new compound in nearly 40 years to treat Chagas’ disease. An estimated eight million people are infected with the parasite that causes the disease, Trypanosoma cruzi , a third of whom will die of heart or intestinal disease if left untreated.

Chagas’ disease is endemic in Latin American and Caribbean countries, and migration patterns have spread it worldwide. About 300 000 people in the United States are thought to be infected with it ( BMJ 2009;339:b2859, doi:10.1136/bmj.b2859).

In an agreement with the …
Cervical Pharyngostomy For Tube Feeding
Authors: William P. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their response to the problem of long-term tube feeding of patients unable to swallow, Davis and Ziegler (<b>214</b>:1127, 1970) admit that no ideal method exists. They list the disadvantages of longterm nasogastric intubation and feeding gastrostomy, but offer no alternative procedure. We have reported<sup>1,2</sup>the use of a simplified form of cervical pharyngostomy as a method which is more advantageous than the above techniques. This procedure involves placement of a feeding tube directly into the hypopharvnx at the pyriform sinus level through a simple stab wound in the side of the neck. It is performed with good tolerance when the patient is under local anesthesia. The distal end of the tube is then passed through the esophagus and into the stomach. The proximal end is secured by suture to the skin. At the end of the first week a sufficient tract has been formed
Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Association with Pulmonic Stenosis
Authors: DOUGLAS C. HEINER, ALEXANDER S. NADAS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

A review was made of patients recently seen at the Children's Medical Center, Boston, who qualified for the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus associated with pulmonic stenosis. Six such patients were observed. The cardiac findings were distinctive, allowing for presumptive diagnosis without catheterization in the majority of instances. Noncardiac congenital anomalies of a particular type were found to be a part of the clinical profile. This finding plus certain epidemiologic evidence suggests the possibility of a common etiologic factor.
Abstract P1-08-22: The impact of obesity on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in operable breast cancer patients
Authors: HY Lee, SP Jung, S Kim, HY Kim, JW Bae, JB Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background The association between obesity and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients is not clear. We evaluated the impact of obesity on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with operable breast cancer. Methods From May 2008 to December 2010, 104 patients were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at Korea University Anam Hospital and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery. Patients were classified into those of normal (BMI of 18.5 to &amp;lt;25kg/m2), overweight (BMI of 25 to &amp;lt;30kg/m2), or Obese (BMI≥30kg/m2). The association between body mass index and pathologic response (pathologic complete response(pCR) and pathologic partial response(pPR)) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was examined using logistic regression. Results Median age was 45 years. Mean BMI was 24.8 kg/m2; 53.8% had a normal BMI, 35.6% overweight, and 10.6% of patients was obese. BMI did not show a significant association with ER status, PR status, HER-2 status, lymph node involvement and neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen. In univariate analysis, overweight and obese patients were significantly less likely to have a pCR compared with normal weight patients (odds ratio [OR] = 0.300; 95% CI, 0.115 to 0.784; p = 0.010). In multivariate analysis, ER negativity was significantly associated with a pCR and pPR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR = 2.987; 95% CI, 1.128 to 7.907; p = 0.028), And there was significant difference in pCR for overweight and obese compared with normal weight patients (OR = 0.304;95% CI, 0.115 to 0.803; p = 0.016). Conclusion This study suggests that higher BMI should be considered to be a factor of worse response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with operable breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-22.
House‐dust‐mite sublingual‐swallow immunotherapy (SLIT) in perennial rhinitis: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: S. Guez, C. Vatrinet, R. Fadel, C. André
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background : The safety and efficacy of sublingual‐swallow immunotherapy (SLIT) in rhinitis caused by house‐dust mite were evaluated in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study including 75 patients for 24 months. Methods : Patients received either placebo or SLIT with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( D.pt. ) – D. farinae ( D.f. ) 50/50 extract. The mean cumulative dose was 90 000 IR, equivalent to 2.2 mg of Der p 1 and 1.7 mg of Der f I. Symptom and medication scores were assessed throughout the study. Exposure to house‐dust mite, skin sensitivity, and serum specific IgE and IgG4 were assessed before starting treatment and after 12 and 24 months. Results : Seventy‐two patients (36 active–36 placebo) were eligible for intent‐to‐treat analysis. Thirty‐six patients dropped out of the study. The number of patients who dropped out due to lack of efficacy was eight out of 37 (21.6%) in the active treatment group compared to 15 out of 38 (39.5%) in the placebo group (chi‐square=2.81, P =0.09). Total symptom and medication scores decreased significantly after 12 and 24 months ( P &lt;0.05) of treatment in both groups, but no significant difference was observed between the active and placebo groups. After 24 months, the number of patients with high levels of indoor allergenic load decreased significantly in both groups compared to baseline data ( P =0.01). Specific IgE ( D.pt. and D.f .) increased significantly in the active treatment group after 12 and 24 months, while no change was observed in the placebo group. Specific IgG4 levels were not significantly modified in either group. Two patients in each group reported mild adverse effects. No severe adverse effects were reported. Conclusions : We conclude that SLIT in rhinitis caused by house‐dust mite was safe, but there was a lack of consistent clinical benefit compared to placebo, probably due to the impact of the allergen avoidance measures that lowered the allergen burden.
Alterations in aldosterone biosynthesis in essential hypertensives.
Authors: B F Dawson-Hughes, T J Moore, R G Dluhy, S Podolsky, G H Williams
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied hypertensives with decreased adrenal responsiveness to infused angiotensin II (AII) to assess their responsiveness to other aldosterone secretagogues, ACTH and potassium, which are thought to stimulate aldosterone synthesis in sites different from one another and from AII. All subjects, following sodium restriction, received an infusion of AII in increasing doses (0.1-3 ng/kg per min). The increment in aldosterone between control and the highest infusion dose divided by the increment in plasma AII was used as the index of adrenal responsiveness. All normotensive controls (NC) had a ratio greater than 0.5. Hypertensives with a normal ratio were designated normal responders (NR) and those with a lower ratio were abnormal responders (AbR). The slope of the regression line between aldosterone and AII was significantly less for the AbR (0.02 +/- 0.04) than for the NR (1.20 +/- 0.02, P less than 0.001) and the NC (1.00 +/- 0.03, P less than 0.001) groups. During infusion of cosyntropin in increasing doses (0.05-1.5 mIU/kg per 30 min), the aldosterone response of the AbR was significantly less than that of the NR (P less than 0.016) or the NC (P less than 0.05) groups. Similarly, after infusion of potassium (0.33 mEq/min), the increment in aldosterone in the AbR group (7.6 +/- 2.2 ng/dl) was significantly less than that in the NR (14.2 +/- 2.5 ng/dl, P less than 0.05) and the NC (18 +/- 5 ng/dl, P less than 0.05) groups. Thus hypertensives with decreased aldosterone responsiveness to infused AII also had decreased responsiveness to infused ACTH and potassium, suggesting that their defect lies in the intracellular aldosterone biosynthetic pathway.
Potentiation of Phosphorus Insecticides by Phenothiazine Derivatives
Authors: John D. Arterberry, Robert W. Bonifaci, Edward W. Nash, Griffith E. Quinby
Journal: JAMA (1962)

A mentally deficient apple rancher developed moderate signs of organic phosphorus poisoning when his blood cholinesterases were inactivated to near zero after exposure to Phosdrin and parathion. Symptomatic therapy included promazine on the 9th through the 12th days of illness. The patient became more agitated, and some signs of poisoning returned during attempted tranquilization. After about the 8th dose of promazine (Sparine) hydrochloride in 3 days, the patient developed convulsions, hypotension, and apnea, and died. The possible hazard of phenothiazine-derived drugs may outweigh their therapeutic value in the treatment of organic phosphorus poisoning.
Abstract 2216: The role of cytosine modifications in cellular sensitivity to cytarabine.
Authors: Erika L. Moen, Wenbo Mu, Lucy A. Godley, M. Eileen Dolan, Wei Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Inter-individual differences in cytosine modifications are a result of genetic and environmental influences. 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are covalent cytosine modifications that occur in CpG dinucleotides throughout the human genome. Objective: To characterize inter-individual variation in cytosine modifications in HapMap samples and investigate the contribution this may have on downstream phenotypes, such as cellular sensitivity to chemotherapeutics, such as cytarabine. Model: Cytosine modification levels at &amp;gt;485,000 CpGs were measured in the International HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). We utilized the Illumina Infinium 450K HumanMethylation Beadchip array to measure cytosine modification levels in 73 unrelated African (YRI - Yoruba people from Ibadan, Nigeria) and 60 European ancestry (CEU - Caucasians from Utah, US) LCLs. In addition, we evaluated LCL sensitivity to cytarabine in these HapMap cell lines. Results: We performed a linear regression model in order to identify novel associations between cytosine modifications and cytarabine-induced cytotoxicity. From these analyses, we found that promoter methylation of CDC6 and CCDC37 was associated with cytarabine IC50 (p= 3.75 x 10−6 and p= 5.39x 10−6, respectively). Furthermore, it has been shown previously that SNPs associated with pharmacological traits in LCLs are enriched in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). We interrogated SNPs associated with cytosine modification (mSNPs) to help us understand the role of mSNPs in pharmacologic trait-associated genetic variants. We found that SNPs associated with cytarabine are enriched in cis-acting mSNPs in LCLs derived from individuals of European descent. Next, we integrated genome-wide cytosine modification data with genotype and gene expression data available for HapMap LCLs to allow for a more comprehensive understanding of inter-individual genetic variation. We identified a SNP in SLFN5 that was significantly associated with cytarabine sensitivity that is a cis-acting eQTL and mSNP for SLFN5 gene expression and cytosine modification. Conclusions: Analyzing cytosine modification-drug phenotype data may identify novel candidate genes associated with sensitivity to cytarabine. In addition, integrating genotype and gene expression data allow for a better understanding of the biological function underlying pharmacologic trait-associated SNPs. Citation Format: Erika L. Moen, Wenbo Mu, Lucy A. Godley, M. Eileen Dolan, Wei Zhang. The role of cytosine modifications in cellular sensitivity to cytarabine. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2216. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2216
Prognosis of Metaplastic Breast Cancer: Poorer Than the Rest of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Authors: S. Jung, H. Kim, S. Min, S. Lee, C. Park, Y. Kwon, E. Kim, K. Ko, K. Lee, I. Park, K. Shin, S. Lee, S. Kim, H. Kang, J. Ro
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: The biologic behavior of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) has not been well elucidated due to its rarity and heterogeneity. This study was designed to assess the clinical and tumor characteristics and outcomes of MBC patients as compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in general and the triple-negative (TN) subtype.Materials and methods: This study included 35 MBC and 2,839 IDC patients diagnosed at the National Cancer Center, Korea between 2000 and 2008. We, retrospectively, reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical outcomes.Results: The mean age was 47.4 years for MBC group and 48.3 years for IDC group. The MBC group presented with larger tumors (≥ T2, 78.8% vs 41.0%; P&amp;lt;0.001), higher histologic grade (grade 3, 92.0% vs 44.6%; P&amp;lt;0.001), fewer ER and PgR positivity (ER+, 14.3% vs 69.0% ; P&amp;lt;0.001 and PgR+, 25.7% vs 66.1%; P&amp;lt;0.001), higher Ki-67 expression (35.5%±26.2% vs 20.6% ±19.8%; P=0.024) and more TN subtypes (48.6% vs 11.9%; P&amp;lt;0.001) than IDC group. Excluding de novo stage IV patients, 14 of 32 (43.7%) MBC patients and 260 of 2782 (9.4%) IDC patents developed disease recurrence with a median follow-up of 36.2 months (range, 4.9-117.8 months). MBC was a poor prognostic factor for disease recurrence in univariate and multivariate analysis (HR 5.19; 95% CI, 2.04-13.18; P=0.001). MBC patients demonstrated aggressive pathologic features and experienced more disease recurrence (HR 4.77; 95% CI, 1.99-11.44; P=0.001) even when compared with 330 patients with TN subtype.Conclusions:Patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma appeared to have inherent aggressive tumor biology with poorer clinical outcomes than those with IDC in general and TN subtype.Partly supported by NCC Grant No 0610240 Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4057.
Living With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

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