tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MMP13 can be a useful differentiating marker between squamous cell carcinoma and benign hyperkeratotic lesions in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: H. Hata, R. Abe, A. Suto, E. Homma, Y. Fujita, S. Aoyagi, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe hereditary mechanobullous disease resulting from mutations in the COL7A1 gene, coding for type VII collagen. Patients with RDEB tend to develop squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) at sites of chronic ulceration or scarring on the whole body. Distinguishing SCC from benign hyperkeratotic lesions is often difficult, not only clinically but also histologically in patients with RDEB. We investigated several matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) subtypes by comparing the DNA amplification microarray findings between evident SCCs and benign hyperkeratotic lesions in the same patient with RDEB. We report that MMP13 was found to be strongly positive in SCCs but negative in benign hyperkeratotic lesions. We found that there is an evident difference in the transitional area between SCCs and benign hyperkeratotic lesions. We propose that MMP13 may be a useful differentiating marker between SCC and benign hyperkeratotic lesions in RDEB.
Foods Without Fads: A Common Sense Guide to Nutrition
Authors: Ogden C. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The public has in recent years been subjected to the various views of nutrition "experts," each one pointing out the dangers of the American diet and, then, holding up the only diet plan or exotic food combination which will save the health of the American people. This short book provides a welcomed relief from the ideas of pseudonutritionists. Foods are described in light of the current knowledge of human requirements, and the public is given reliable data refuting the false claims made by the self-described nutrition experts. The book is written for a reader without scientific background. Statements on nutrition are presented in a clear and easily understood manner, with evidence supporting these statements. Food choice as related to hunger, habit, and availability is discussed as a preliminary to the evaluation of the various food groups. Each food group, meat and fish, milk products, fruits, vegetables, and cereal products, is
THE PASSING OF THE FAMILY DOCTOR
Authors: GEORGE W. GUTHRIE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Lowell says, "Time makes ancient good uncouth." The whole trend of modern thought is to look for a new and better way. We travel, literally, in chariots with horses of fire. Jules Verne's dream of "Around the World in Eighty Days" has been more than realized and the stories of the Arabian Nights are equaled by the every-day events of common life. Even our sentimental life has changed. The beautiful story of Uncle Toby and the fly that was an inspiration to ourboyish imagination and the picture of the kindly old man opening the window and saying, "There's room enough in this world for both thee and me" has been changed to the slogan "swat the fly." We have come to agree with Cowper in reference to the lower animal's that If man's convenience, health or safety interferes His rights and claims are paramount and must extinguish theirs. But in
Diminishing Diagnostic Returns
Authors: Gary N. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Johnson<sup>1</sup>summarizes a special case of pretest probability (high pretest probability) as a major factor in determining utility of a test. I believe two points in the article deserve comment. First, Fig 1 in Johnson's article fails to account for false-negative results. When the pretest probability of disease is high, the test results may actually detract from diagnostic accuracy. For example, it has been stated inThe Journalthat "the ultrasound scan actually detracts from diagnostic accuracy in patients with a high (pretest) probability of extrahepatic obstruction."<sup>2</sup>As the probability of disease approaches 1, any "negative" (normal) value must be a false-negative. Therefore, the information provided by the test is not zero, but less than zero—a negative number, indicating the test's potential to mislead, reduce diagnostic accuracy, and worsen outcome. Second, Johnson states that "the information provided by a test can
THE TREATMENT OF THYROIDISM BY A SPECIFIC SERUM.
Authors: JOHN ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

As the atypical forms of exophthalmic goiter are common and often overlooked on account of the nomenclature, it would be more accurate and at the same time less confusing to designate the condition as hyperthyroidism or simply thyroidism. The cases can be classified somewhat in the order of frequency of their occurrence in the following groups: Simple chronic exophthalmic goiter or thyroidism of moderate severity with all the symptoms which gave origin to the name. Atypical thyroidism which includes many of the early cases and those with more or less irregular symptoms, such as absence of goiter or of exophthalmos or of both; or those which complain chiefly of gastrointestinal disturbance with pain. The chronic toxic cases of thyroidism or severe forms of the disease with slight fever, which may be the terminal stage of the common atypical form, or show little or no exophthalmos or goiter from the outset.
Death and taxes
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

“He was just so excessively Scottish, which was an unexpected treat, and polite…but terribly firm. ‘Unfortunately the Inland Revenue does not recognise the state of dying, sir,’ he said. I felt like asking him if I should come back when I'm dead…He was exactly the sort of person it might be quite fun to haunt. Then he came over all sympathetic, but still wouldn't give an inch. ‘I'm afraid we still need that tax return, as I'm sure you'll understand, sir.’ Actually …
THE BEST METHOD OF STERILIZING CATGUT.
Authors: I. S. STONE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The following method of preparing catgut has none of the disadvantages which have heretofore prevented the general use of this valuable suture material. It is unnecessary to wash the gut in ether. The gut (Nos. 0 and 1) is cut in pieces eighteen to twenty-four inches in length, loosely coiled and placed in water for twelve hours at ordinary room temperature, to "swell it." This suggestion of my friend Dr. Kinyoun is a good one, for the obvious reason that the formalin solution will penetrate the more readily into the interior of the gut. I formerly wound the material on glass spools, but soon abandoned the idea, because it became so tightly and firmly contracted around the spool as to render it possible that the formalin solution could not penetrate to the deeper layers of the gut. The gut is taken from the water and placed in a 5 per
Randomized Clinical Trial of Quick-Release Bromocriptine Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Overall Safety and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: J. Michael Gaziano, Anthony H. Cincotta, Christopher M. O'Connor, Michael Ezrokhi, Dean Rutty, Z.J. Ma, Richard E. Scranton
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

Quick-release bromocriptine (bromocriptine-QR), a D2 dopamine receptor agonist, is indicated as a treatment for type 2 diabetes. The Cycloset Safety Trial, a 52-week, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial, evaluated the overall safety and cardiovascular safety of this novel therapy for type 2 diabetes.
Postural ST-T Wave Changes in the Radioelectrocardiogram Simulating Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: ALAN B. LACHMAN, HERBERT J. SEMLER, ROBERT H. GUSTAFSON
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Six hundred and seventy-six healthy subjects between 5 and 77 years of age have been studied by radioelectrocardiography. These subjects were studied before exercise, during a Master's two-step test, and after exercise. Orthostatic ST-T changes occurred in 32 of 200 subjects (16 per cent). The results indicate that the positioning of the bipolar chest leads is crucial in eliminating "abnormal" ST-T changes caused by changes in posture and position. Criteria for orthostatic ST-T changes have been presented. It is concluded that more rigid criteria for "definitely abnormal" ST-T changes during radioelectrocardiography should be developed, so that coronary artery disease will not be overdiagnosed, nor will significant ST-T changes be regarded as "normal variants" occurring with activity.
Hospital Planning To Combat Radioactive Contamination
Authors: Eugene L. Saenger
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN OUR PRESENT complex society, each hospital, however small or specialized, should have a well-planned disaster program. This program should have provisions for intensive care of fewer than 50 patients and emergency care for large segments of its potential population in case of mass catastrophe. With the expansion of the uses of atomic energy and the distinct possibility of atomic and thermonuclear warfare, the emergency hospital program must make special provisions for the unique problems created by radiation—expressly contamination. Preplanning for radiation accidents is essential.<sup>1,2</sup>The possibility of such occurrences can almost always be anticipated and adequate provisions made. If the hospital is required to care for highly contaminated patients without having some type of simple prearranged program, it can be placed in an absurd and difficult position, with resulting contamination of many of its facilities which may then be lost to other patients. The expense of decontaminating buildings
Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of acute coronary thrombosis complicating coronary angioplasty.
Authors: E S Barnathan, J S Schwartz, L Taylor, W K Laskey, J P Kleaveland, W G Kussmaul, J W Hirshfeld
Journal: Circulation (1987)

To test the hypothesis that pretreatment with adequate antiplatelet therapy reduces the likelihood of acute coronary thrombosis during routine percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we reviewed, blinded to treatment group, the films and records of 300 consecutive initially successful PTCAs. Films before PTCA, immediately after, and at least 30 min after the last balloon inflation were assessed for the presence of any thrombus at the PTCA site. We excluded 37 patients who received streptokinase before PTCA or who had 100% occlusion or thrombus on pre-PTCA films. New thrombi were classified as clinically significant (defined as causing 100% occlusion or requiring emergency surgery or streptokinase therapy) or as not significant (not causing an acute problem or requiring intervention). Patients were classified into three groups, based on the type and extent of antiplatelet therapy received. Group 1 (no aspirin, n = 121) consisted of patients who did not receive aspirin either before admission or in hospital before PTCA (with or without dipyridamole). Group 2 (standard treatment, n = 110) received aspirin with or without dipyridamole but did not receive both drugs before admission and in hospital before PTCA. Group 3 (maximal treatment, n = 32) received both aspirin and dipyridamole before admission and in hospital before PTCA. New thrombi were detected at 39 (14.8%) PTCA sites, of which 15 (5.7% of all PTCA sites) were considered clinically significant. Group 1 had the highest incidence of both thrombus (21.5%) and clinically significant thrombus (10.7%). A reduction was seen in group 2 in thrombus (11.8%; p = .07) and in clinically significant thrombus (1.8%; p = .005). Group 3 had no thrombus (p = .001) and no clinically significant thrombus (p = .04). In addition to inadequate pretreatment with antiplatelet therapy, univariate analyses demonstrated several other risk factors for thrombus: higher percent diameter stenosis before PTCA (p less than .008), higher platelet count (p = .013), and current smoking (p = .03). Only higher platelet count (p less than .001) and inadequate pretreatment (p = .001) were associated with clinically significant thrombus. Stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that for thrombus, the lack of effective antiplatelet therapy was the most discriminatory variable, followed by current smoking, higher percent diameter stenosis, and dissection. For clinically significant thrombus, once the lack of pretreatment with effective antiplatelet therapy was considered, no other factors added significant discriminatory information.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
c-Myb binds MLL through menin in human leukemia cells and is an important driver of MLL-associated leukemogenesis
Authors: Shenghao Jin, Huiwu Zhao, Yan Yi, Yuji Nakata, Anna Kalota, Alan M. Gewirtz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) is a proto-oncogene frequently involved in chromosomal translocations associated with acute leukemia. These chromosomal translocations commonly result in MLL fusion proteins that dysregulate transcription. Recent data suggest that the MYB proto-oncogene, which is an important regulator of hematopoietic cell development, has a role in leukemogenesis driven by the MLL-ENL fusion protein, but exactly how is unclear. Here we have demonstrated that c-Myb is recruited to the MLL histone methyl transferase complex by menin, a protein important for MLL-associated leukemic transformation, and that it contributes substantially to MLL-mediated methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4). Silencing MYB in human leukemic cell lines and primary patient material evoked a global decrease in H3K4 methylation, an unexpected decrease in HOXA9 and MEIS1 gene expression, and decreased MLL and menin occupancy in the HOXA9 gene locus. This decreased occupancy was associated with a diminished ability of an MLL-ENL fusion protein to transform normal mouse hematopoietic cells. Previous studies have shown that MYB expression is regulated by Hoxa9 and Meis1, indicating the existence of an autoregulatory feedback loop. The finding that c-Myb has the ability to direct epigenetic marks, along with its participation in an autoregulatory feedback loop with genes known to transform hematopoietic cells, lends mechanistic and translationally relevant insight into its role in MLL-associated leukemogenesis.
Anticoagulant Therapy with Dicumarol Maintained during Major Surgery
Authors: STEN MÜLLERTZ, OLE STORM
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Most postoperative thromboses are probably initiated before or during surgical interventions and most of the fatal embolisms occur during the early postoperative period. As a complete prophylaxis, Dicumarol therapy was begun before, and maintained at an effective level during and after, major surgical interventions in 11 patients with a marked thromboembolic predisposition. No excessive hemorrhage, thromboembolic incidents or other unusual complications were encountered. The precautions necessary for a safe performance of the procedure are described.
Too little quality; too many doctors
Authors: A. Watson
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

The editorial 'Too little quality; too many doctors' (June 2006 JRSM 1 ) is incorrect to suggest that the General Medical Council (GMC) had a 'sudden demand for overseas graduates to have a work permit'.The GMC does not have any visa requirements for international medical graduates (IMGs).The Home Office is responsible for setting visa requirements.International medical graduates are responsible for ensuring that they have the appropriate visa when they enter the UK.
Paul Revere and Health Care for the Indigent-Reply
Authors: Robert Martensen
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dispensaries, the subject of Dr Carr's interesting letter, became common in the second half of the 18th century in Britain and then in some American colonies. Dispensaries were established to help those of modest means obtain good medical care on an outpatient basis. Supporters believed that timely care and medicines would prevent more serious illness and thus disability and financial hardship for the ill and their families.<sup>1-3</sup>From the mid 17th century forward, learned physicians as a group had been criticized in England for their inadequate care of the working poor.<sup>1</sup>Also, expanding groups of successful businessmen as well as the gentry believed they had a responsibility to aid the ill working poor in their communities. Some dispensaries were freestanding, and others were attached to voluntary and public hospitals. Both dispensaries and voluntary hospitals were supported by annual subscriptions, most of which were purchased by prosperous businessmen and,
Abstract P5-11-08: SRA/SRAP contributes to TGF-b1 induced cell motility in cancer cells
Authors: CM Cooper, Y Yan, W Xu, D Tsuyuki, MK Hamedani, JR Davie, E Leygue
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The steroid receptor RNA activator gene (SRA1) is a particularly intriguing genetic system in that both the corresponding RNA (SRA) and protein (SRAP) have been proven to be functional. Accumulated evidence overall suggests that both molecules act as distinct co-regulators of transcription, housed in ribonucleo-protein complexes able to positively or negatively regulate the activity of multiple transcription factors including -but not limited to- several nuclear receptors, MyoD and DAX-1. A role for SRA/SRAP deregulation during breast tumorigenesis has been suggested. Indeed, not only do these molecules regulate the activity of both Estrogen Receptors, these major players in breast cancer etiology, but it has also been shown that SRA RNA is more highly expressed in breast tumors than in normal tissue, and that high levels of SRAP correlated to poorer survival in specific subsets of breast cancer patients. In order to identify the genes and pathways regulated by SRA/SRAP, we performed deep sequencing of transcriptomes from MDA-MB-231 cells depleted of these molecules following RNA interference. The expression of 149 genes was consistently and significantly altered in four independent experiments comparing control RNAi vs SRA RNAi. Interestingly, cluster analysis using Ingenuity software defined a subset of genes (23 out of 149) directly associated with cell movement. Among them figured TGFBR1 (ALK5), a cell surface receptor-kinase mediating TGF-b signalling and a known promoter of cell motility in breast cancer cells. We have now confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis a 40% decrease, upon SRA/SRAP depletion, of TGFBR1 mRNA expression in MDA-MB-231 cells as well as in other breast (MCF7, T5) and non-breast (Hela) cancer cell lines. Consistent with this decrease a drop to 60% of the basal TGFBR1 protein expression is seen by Western blot when MDA-MB-231 cells are depleted of SRA/SRAP. Western blot analyses also revealed that phosphorylation of several SMAD molecules, downstream effectors of TGFBR1 activation by TGF-β1, is impaired in the absence of SRA/SRAP in both MDA-MB-231 and Hela cells. This suggests that SRA/SRAP could potentially regulate TGF beta induced cell motility. Using migration cell assays, we have now confirmed that upon TGF-β1 treatment for 6 hours, SRA/SRAP depleted cells had a significant decrease in migration as compared to control cells. Accordingly, live cell migration assays generated by a time-lapse videomicroscopy system, showed an increased track length and speed in both Hela and 231 cells over-expressed SRAP upon 10 h TGF-β1 treatment. Taken together, these data suggest a cross-talk between SRA/SRAP and TGF-β signalling and induced cell motility. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-11-08.
Mass screening for colorectal cancer: the French program
Authors: T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

I read with interest the article by Dr. Pox et al. [1], which reviewed the current status of screening colonoscopy in Europe and the United States, and would like to report on the historical development and current position of this type of screening in France. In May 2005, the French Ministry of Health decided to launch a program of mass screening for colorectal cancer, which is be made available to the general population at the end of 2007. The whole of the French population aged between 54 and 74 years will take part in this screening.
Soluble HLA-G1 inhibits angiogenesis through an apoptotic pathway and by direct binding to CD160 receptor expressed by endothelial cells
Authors: P. Fons, S. Chabot, J. E. Cartwright, F. Lenfant, F. L'Faqihi, J. Giustiniani, J.-P. Herault, G. Gueguen, F. Bono, P. Savi, M. Aguerre-Girr, S. Fournel, F. Malecaze, A. Bensussan, J. Plouet, P. Le Bouteiller
Journal: Blood (2006)
Excitation propagation in three-dimensional engineered hearts using decellularized extracellular matrix
Authors: Haruyo Yasui, Jong-Kook Lee, Akira Yoshida, Teruki Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Keiko Miwa, Atsuhiko T Naito, Toru Oka, Hiroshi Akazawa, Junichi Nakai, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yoshiki Sawa, Yasushi Sakata, Issei Komuro
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Cases of swine flu in England almost double in a week
Authors: N. Siva
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The number of patients with swine flu who required intensive care rose to its highest level so far in the epidemic last week, with 99 patients being admitted compared with 63 at the end of July. “This is the most worrying figure we have had so far,” said Liam Donaldson, chief medical officer for England.

At a press conference on 22 October, Professor Donaldson said that the number of hospitalisations has risen sharply compared with the past few weeks, with 506 patients admitted to hospital in the week ending 21 October, compared with 840 in the last week of July.

Professor Donaldson expressed concern about the number of patients going into intensive care, particularly as initial information suggested that a large proportion …
Standard visualization of biliopancreatic system by EUS
Authors: M. Kida
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

There are two visualization manner ( so called ‘push method’ and ‘pull method’) of biliopancreatic system, that is one is start from duodenal bulb, another from inferior duodenal angle. Although in case of pancreatic diseases we examine from the stomach body whether the pancreatic duct is dilated or not, generally we start EUS from from duodenal bulb. We suck air from the stomach and duodenum before filling a balloon with deaerated water and flow about 100 ml of water into the duodenum before performing EUS examination. Liver and gall bladder are visualized in the upper half, the aorta and inferior vena cava in the right hand side (Fig. [1]). After this we check all of the gall bladder by pulling (generally up to 55 cm from incisior) or pushing scope. However in case of a free gall bladder, it is visualized from the stomach body. After observation of the gall bladder we push the scope around the superior duodenal angle, and the portal vein and bile duct are visualized in the left hand side, liver hilum in the upper half, and pancreas head-body and 2nd portion of the duodenum in the lower half (Fig. [2]). There are four possibility of ductal structure between EUS scope and portal vein, which include bile duct, cystic duct, proper hepatic artery, and main pancreatic duct. We can differentiate these ductal structure as follows: the bile duct and main pancreatic duct go into the pancreas, the proper hepatic artery out of the pancreas, and the cystic duct connects to the gall bladder. Then we follow the bile duct up to the duodenal papilla by controlling up and down or left and right angle (Fig. [3]). Generally we can visualize the duodenal pappila with a longitudinal image of the bile duct and the main pancreatic duct in more than 50 % of cases. However, if you feel resistance when you can not change the EUS picture by pushing the scope, you should stop pushing the scope. Otherwise you will make a perforation of the duodenum.