tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2) 8473T&amp;gt;C polymorphism is associated with breast cancer risk.
Authors: Uwe Langsenlehner, Babak Yazdani-Biuki, Tanja Eder, Wilfried Renner, Thomas C Wascher, Bernhard Paulweber, Werner Weitzer, Hellmut Samonigg, Peter Krippl
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in carcinogenesis, immune response suppression, apoptosis inhibition, angiogenesis, and tumor cell invasion and metastasis. The gene for COX-2, designated as PTGS2, carries a common polymorphism at position 8473 in the 3'-untranslated region (PTGS2 8473T>C), which has been associated with susceptibility to malignant disease. To investigate the role of this polymorphism for breast cancer, we determined the prevalence of PTGS2 genotypes in 500 women with breast cancer and 500 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects. Homozygous carriers of the 8473-CC genotype were more frequent among patients (12.4%) than among controls (6.6%; P = 0.002). The odds ratio for carriers of this genotype for breast cancer was 2.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-3.3). Among patients, estrogen receptor positivity was less frequent among carriers of a CC genotype (63.9%) than among carriers of a TT or TC genotype (76.9%; P = 0.028). Tumor size, histologic grade, presence of primary lymph node metastases, progesterone receptor positivity, or age at diagnosis were not associated with PTGS2 genotypes. We conclude that the homozygous PTGS2 8473-CC genotype may be associated with breast cancer risk.
Reduced brain glucose with normal plasma glucose in salicylate poisoning
Authors: Jean Holowach Thurston, Philip G. Pollock, Sheila K. Warren, Elizabeth M. Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

After the intraperitoneal injection into young mice of 700-800 mg/kg of salicylate, brain glucose fell to one-third or less of control values despite normal plasma glucose levels; brain lactate was nearly doubled and there were small decreases in phosphocreatine (18%) and in glycogen (17%). ATP, pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and glutamate were unchanged. In liver, glycogen was reduced 79% and lactate was five times higher than in control animals; glucose, glucose-6-phosphate, and ATP were unchanged. Since salicylate uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, it is postulated that high energy phosphate in the brain is maintained near normal levels by a compensatory increase in cerebral glycolysis. Apparently the brain glucose level falls because the rate of utilization exceeds the rate at which glucose can be supplied from the blood. Concurrent administration of glucose with salicylate elevated brain glucose concentration and was associated with striking improvement in the condition and the increased survival of the animals. These findings stress the fact that in salicylate poisoning the supply of glucose to the brain may be inadequate even when blood glucose levels are normal.
Coupling between regional myocardial oxygen consumption and contraction under altered preload and afterload
Authors: Yoichi Goto, Shiho Futaki, Osamu Kawaguchi, Katsuya Hata, Toshiyuki Takasago, Akio Saeki, Takehiko Nishioka, Tad W. Taylor, Hiroyuki Suga
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Essentials of Pediatric Cardiology
Authors: Arno R. Hohn
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Professor Vince has created an innovative approach in four sections to pediatric cardiology. First, he reviews normal and then disturbed function. Next, he considers causes of disturbed function. Finally, he addresses some remarks to treatment. In his efforts to keep the approach simple, Dr. Vince has eliminated all illustrative electrocardiograms and chest roentgenograms from his book. Interspersing personal prejudices with clinical "pearls," Dr. Vince provides a simple, fresh overview of topics pertinent to pediatric cardiology. The review of normal function, in general, and auscultation, in particular, provide a splendid basis for the clinical application of the art of physical examination. On the other hand, cardiac catheterization, the "thing" of pediatric cardiology, is dealt with quite briefly and angiocardiography is merely mentioned. The section on altered function provides an interesting organization of the approach to the problems of cardiac arrest, shock, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, and both systemic and pulmonary hypertension.
The Prophylaxis of Malaria
Authors: H. Strachan
Journal: BMJ (1904)

<h3>Aims</h3> To compare two different techniques for preparation of pre-cut lamellar corneal tissue for Descemet stripping automated keratoplasty. <h3>Background/Methods</h3> Eight donor lenticules were created with a full pass of the microkeratome blade, which resulted in a posterior lamella and a free cap (anterior lamella off group (AL-off)). Contralateral donor lenticules were created with an incomplete pass of the microkeratome blade, which resulted in a posterior lamella and a hinged anterior cap (anterior lamella on group (AL-on)). Endothelial cell density, cellular viability and corneal thickness were evaluated before dissection, and 4 and 24 h after dissection. <h3>Results</h3> Average pre-cut endothelial cell density was 2552.25 (±105) and 2572.25 (±110) cells/mm<sup>2</sup> in the AL-off group and AL-on group, respectively (p=0.7). At 24 h cell density was 2404.87 (±74) in the AL-off group (p&lt;0.01) and 2368.74 (±148) in the AL-on group (p=0.01). The mean percentage of trypan blue-stained cells was consistently higher in the hinged AL-on group. Corneal thickness increased by approximately 20% in both groups after 24 h cold storage. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Eye bank-prepared tissue offers the potential advantage of being screened for mechanical stress damage occurring during the automated dissection.
Neurosis and Psychosomatic Disorders: Aspects of Differentiation
Authors: Frode Larsen, Truls-Eirik Mogstad
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1977)

Research Articles| February 16 2010 Neurosis and Psychosomatic Disorders: Aspects of Differentiation Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Frode Larsen; Frode Larsen Oslo Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Truls-Eirik Mogstad Truls-Eirik Mogstad Oslo Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1977) 28 (1-4): 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287053 Article history Published Online: February 16 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Frode Larsen, Truls-Eirik Mogstad; Neurosis and Psychosomatic Disorders: Aspects of Differentiation. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1977; 28 (1-4): 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287053 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1977Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
The Function of the Dream: A Reappraisal
Authors: ZVI GIORA
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The author tests the theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler on the function of dreams against the new facts revealed by laboratory research on sleep and dreams. None of these theories is reinforced and many of their components are disproven by the discoveries of sleep laboratories. As a result of this review the author questions whether dreaming has a special function. He believes that cognition, which never ceases while we are alive, does not change its function through the various states of mind, but its level of organization shifts from state to state.
S56 EBUS-TBNA prevents mediastinoscopies in patients with isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy: A prospective clinical trial and cost minimisation analysis
Authors: N. Navani, D. R. Lawrence, S. Kolvekar, D. McAsey, R. Omar, S. Morris, S. M. Janes
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy (IML) is a common presentation to respiratory physicians and mediastinoscopy is traditionally considered the gold-standard investigation when a pathological diagnosis is required. EBUS-TBNA is established as an alternative to mediastinoscopy in patients with lung cancer. However, the utility and healthcare costs of EBUS-TBNA in patients with IML is unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> This prospective clinical trial recruited 77 consecutive patients with IML who were referred for mediastinoscopy from five centres between April 2009 and March 2011. All patients underwent EBUS-TBNA. If the results from EBUS-TBNA were not conclusive, patients underwent mediastinoscopy. The co-primary endpoints were the proportion of mediastinoscopies saved and NHS costs. The Bonferroni correction was applied to the type 1 error to account for multiple significance testing. Economic evaluation of the EBUS-TBNA strategy (where negative EBUS-TBNA is followed by mediastinoscopy) vs mediastinoscopy alone from an NHS perspective was carried out using a decision tree model and univariate threshold sensitivity analysis. <h3>Results</h3> EBUS-TBNA prevented 87% of mediastinoscopies (97.5% CI 78 to 96%, p&lt;0.001) but failed to provide a diagnosis in 10 patients, all of whom underwent mediastinoscopy (Abstract S56 figure 1). Mediastinoscopy provided a specific diagnosis in 6 cases while the remaining four patients had clinical and radiological follow-up of at least 6 months duration. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA in patients with IML was 92% (95% CI 83 to 95) and 40% (95% CI 12% to 74%) respectively. No significant complications of EBUS-TBNA or mediastinoscopy were observed. The patients included in the trial were similar to a historical control group of 68 patients with IML undergoing mediastinoscopy in 2008. The cost of the EBUS-TBNA strategy was £1871 per patient while a strategy of mediastinoscopy alone was £3268 per patient (p&lt;0.001). Threshold sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the EBUS-TBNA strategy was less costly than mediastinoscopy if the cost per EBUS-TBNA procedure was &lt;£2828. <h3>Conclusions</h3> EBUS-TBNA is a safe, highly sensitive and cost-saving initial investigation in patients with IML being referred for mediastinoscopy. The low negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA in this setting indicates that mediastinoscopy should be performed in cases of negative EBUS-TBNA. <h3>Trial registration</h3> clinicaltrials.gov NCT00932854.
ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 2 inactivation reduces the extent and stability of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice
Authors: Frédéric Kesteloot, Alexis Desmoulière, Isabelle Leclercq, Marc Thiry, Jorge E. Arrese, Darwin J. Prockop, Charles M. Lapière, Betty V. Nusgens, Alain Colige
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

ADAMTS2 belongs to the “ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif” (ADAMTS) family. Its primary function is to process collagen type I, II, III, and V precursors into mature molecules by excising the aminopropeptide. This process allows the correct assembly of collagen molecules into fibrils and fibers, which confers to connective tissues their architectural structure and mechanical resistance. To evaluate the impact of ADAMTS2 on the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, mainly type I and III collagens, we evaluated carbon tetrachloride–induced liver fibrosis in ADAMTS2-deficient (TS2−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice. A single carbon tetrachloride injection caused a similar acute liver injury in deficient and WT mice. A chronic treatment induced collagen deposition in fibrous septa that were made of thinner and irregular fibers in TS2−/− mice. The rate of collagen deposition was slower in TS2−/− mice, and at an equivalent degree of fibrosis, the resorption of fibrous septa was slightly faster. Most of the genes involved in the development and reversion of the fibrosis were similarly regulated in TS2−/− and WT mice. Conclusion: These data indicate that the extent of fibrosis is reduced in TS2−/− mice in comparison with their WT littermates. Inhibiting the maturation of fibrillar collagens may be a beneficial therapeutic approach to interfering with the development of fibrotic lesions.
THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOUS CERVICAL ADENITIS
Authors: RICHARD H. MILLER
Journal: JAMA (1922)

From the time when Aristotle first mentioned lymphatic vessels, down through the ages to the time when Eustachius discovered the thoracic duct,<sup>1</sup>and when, in the time of Edward the Confessor, the power to heal scrofula, or the "king's evil," was ascribed to kings and to the seventh son in a family, through the researches of Sappey in the middle of the nineteenth century—through all these times to the present day—diseases and swellings of the lymphatic system have aroused the keenest interest. Our knowledge is more accurate than it was in the times when scrofula was thought to be due to a faulty mixture of body fluids with an acid substance, called "acrimonia scrophulosa" floating in the blood, or when it was thought by the best authorities to be due to retained semen, and curable by marriage;<sup>2</sup>nevertheless, to this day tuberculosis of the lymph glands is a
Ineffectiveness of Glucose, Potassium, and Insulin Infusion During Pacing Stress in Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: MICHAEL LESCH, LOUIS E. TEICHHOLZ, J. STUART SOELDNER, RICHARD GORLIN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Eight patients with coronary artery disease and positive exercise electrocardiograms undergoing cardiac catheterization were subjected to periods of atrial pacing-induced tachycardia at identical rates, before and during a glucose, potassium, and insulin (GKI) infusion. Steady state elevation of glucose and insulin was obtained prior to repeating the atrial pacing test in the GKI state. With each patient serving as his own control, five developed augmented clinical signs of acute ischemia during the paced GKI state, two no change, and one subjective improvement. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was elevated in all patients (1-8 mm Hg) at rest during GKI infusion as compared to the rest control state. LVEDP during pacing was greater during the GKI paced state as compared to the control paced state in three of the eight patients whereas after pacing LVEDP was higher in four of eight patients during GKI. ST-segment depression was less during pacing in the GKI as compared to control state in four patients. A decrease in ST-segment depression was noted in two patients after pacing in the GKI state as compared to this measure after pacing in the control state. Augmented myocardial glucose uptake was demonstrated in the paced GKI state but lactate analysis failed to demonstrate a stoichiometric relationship between enhanced glucose uptake and lactate production. It is concluded that tolerance to ischemia is not extended and in the majority of cases may be adversely affected by GKI.
Contemplating the White Coat
Authors: Mark M. Paulsen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters6 July 1999Contemplating the White CoatMark M. Paulsen, MDMark M. Paulsen, MDPoudre Valley Hospital; Fort Collins, CO 80524 (Paulsen)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-1-199907060-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The essays by Wear (1) and Branch (2) prompted me to reflect on my own professional development. Dr. Branch correctly notes that requiring students to visit community agencies or participate in other activities may be counterproductive. The problem is well summarized in his final paragraph. Little is known about the transition from student to fully mature physician; we generally negotiate this journey on our own. My experiences with housestaff have shown me that new physicians still face this journey with little guidance. Some never learn how to come to grips with their power, and few have a ...References1. Wear D. On white coats and professional development: the formal and the hidden curricula. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:734-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Branch WT. Deconstructing the white coat [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:740-2. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Poudre Valley Hospital; Fort Collins, CO 80524 (Paulsen) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOn White Coats and Professional Development: The Formal and the Hidden Curricula Delese Wear Contemplating the White Coat William T. Branch Jr. Contemplating the White Coat David G. De Marco Contemplating the White Coat Stewart P. Seigle Metrics Cited ByDiscourses of student orientation to medical education programs 6 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 1Page: 74KeywordsFallsHand strength Issue Published: 6 July 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Electrocardiograms of Deceptive Form in Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: CHARLES E. KOSSMANN
Journal: Circulation (1953)

(Since 1911, a monthly clinical or clinical pathologic conference has been held for the clinical clerks—volunteer third and fourth year medical students—and staff of the oldest known clinic for the care of ambulatory cardiac patients in existence. 1 At each of the conferences held on Oct. 30, 1952 and Nov. 20, 1952, a case was presented which displayed during life an electrocardiogram with a configuration quite the opposite of what might be expected from the type of ventricular hypertrophy found after death. Since in one instance the hypertrophy was of the right ventricle and in the other of the left, the fortuitous and instructive coincidence seemed worth recording especially for the purpose of re-emphasizing the undesirability of making anatomic deductions from a purely physiologic method. The proceedings of the two conferences have been condensed into one.)
Hypocalcemia decreases the early and late responses to epidermal growth factor in rat hepatocytes
Authors: Marc Bilodeau, Sébastien J. Provencher, Stéphane Néron, Pierre Haddad, Sylvie Vallières, Marielle Gascon-Barré
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Extreme variations in extracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]e) modify the signaling generated by many hormones and growth factors. However, the influence of physiological changes in [Ca2+]e on the response to hepatic mitogens remains largely unknown. To study the influence of [Ca2+]e on the response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocytes from normal rat livers were equilibrated in vitro at [Ca2+]e similar to those observed in normocalcemia or hypocalcemia. To further investigate the effect of hypocalcemia in vivo, hepatocytes were obtained from chronically hypocalcemic rats and kept in vitro at the [Ca2+]e prevailing in vivo. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and DNA synthesis were evaluated after increasing doses of EGF. [Ca2+]e strongly influenced the [Ca2+]i response to EGF with significantly smaller [Ca2+]i increases in hepatocytes of normal rats kept in low [Ca2+]e compared with those kept in normal [Ca2+]e. In hypocalcemic rat hepatocytes, the response was further decreased and found to be significantly lower than that obtained in control cells kept in vitro at either 1.25 mmol/L or 0.8 mmol/L [Ca2+]e. In normal [Ca2+]e, the EGF-induced increases in [Ca2+]i were abolished by inhibiting EGF receptor autophosphorylation and by blocking calcium channels. Low in vitro [Ca2+]e significantly dampened the EGF-mediated DNA synthesis in normal rat hepatocytes but hypocalcemia in vivo further reduced the proliferative response compared with that obtained in control rat hepatocytes maintained in normal, or low [Ca2+]e. Furthermore, the blunted responses in [Ca2+]i mobilization and DNA synthesis associated with hypocalcemia could not be overcome by increasing concentrations of EGF nor by normalization of [Ca2+]e in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Potentiating Cancer Immunotherapy Using an Oncolytic Virus
Authors: Byram W Bridle, Kyle B Stephenson, Jeanette E Boudreau, Sandeep Koshy, Natasha Kazdhan, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Jérôme Brunellière, Jonathan L Bramson, Brian D Lichty, Yonghong Wan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are highly immunogenic and this limits their use in immune-competent hosts. Although immunosuppression may improve viral oncolysis, this gain is likely achieved at the cost of antitumoral immunity. We have developed a strategy wherein the immune response against the OV leads to enhanced therapeutic outcomes. We demonstrate that immunization with an adenoviral (Ad) vaccine before treatment with an oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing the same tumor antigen (Ag) leads to significantly enhanced antitumoral immunity. Intratumoral replication of VSV was minimally attenuated in Ad-immunized hosts but extending the interval between treatments reduced the attenuating effect and further increased antitumoral immunity. More importantly, our combination approach shifted the immune response from viral Ags to tumor Ags and further reduced OV replication in normal tissues, leading to enhancements in both efficacy and safety. These studies also highlight the benefits of using a replicating, OV to boost a pre-existing antitumoral immune response as this approach generated larger responses versus tumor Ag in tumor-bearing hosts than could be achieved in tumor-free hosts. This strategy should be applicable to other vector combinations, tumor Ags, and tumor targets.
Retarded Growth and Deficits in the Enteric and Parasympathetic Nervous System in Mice Lacking GFRα2, a Functional Neurturin Receptor
Authors: Jari Rossi, Keijo Luukko, Dmitry Poteryaev, Antti Laurikainen, Yun Fu Sun, Tiina Laakso, Simo Eerikäinen, Raimo Tuominen, Merja Lakso, Heikki Rauvala, Urmas Arumäe, Michael Pasternack, Mart Saarma, Matti S Airaksinen
Journal: Neuron (1999)