tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk Between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Notch, and Transforming Growth Factor-β in Vascular Morphogenesis
Authors: Matthew T. Holderfield, Christopher C.W. Hughes
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Vascular morphogenesis encompasses a temporally regulated set of morphological changes that endothelial cells undergo to generate a network of interconnected tubules. Such a complex process inevitably involves multiple cell signaling pathways that must be tightly coordinated in time and space. The formation of a new capillary involves endothelial cell activation, migration, alignment, proliferation, tube formation, branching, anastomosis, and maturation of intercellular junctions and the surrounding basement membrane. Each of these stages is either known or suspected to fall under the influence of the vascular endothelial growth factor, notch, and transforming growth factor-beta/bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways. Vascular endothelial growth factor is essential for initiation of angiogenic sprouting, and also regulates migration of capillary tip cells, proliferation of trunk cells, and gene expression in both. Notch has been implicated in the regulation of cell fate decisions in the vasculature, especially the choice between arterial and venular endothelial cells, and between tip and trunk cell phenotype. Transforming growth factor-beta regulates cell migration and proliferation, as well as matrix synthesis. In this review, we emphasize how crosstalk between these pathways is essential for proper patterning of the vasculature and offer a transcriptional oscillator model to explain how these pathways might interact to generate new tip cells during retinal angiogenesis.
Intracoronary thrombus: Role in coronary occlusion complicating percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Thomas A. Mabin, David R. Holmes, Hugh C. Smith, Ronald E. Vlietstra, Alfred A. Bove, Guy S. Reeder, James H. Chesebro, John F. Bresnahan, Thomas A. Orszulak
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Evidence for impaired glucose effectiveness in cirrhotic patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Thomas Konrad, Thomas Steinmüller, Paolo Vicini, Gianna Toffolo, Dirk Grewerus, Alexandra Schüller, Wolf O. Bechstein, Klaus H. Usadel, Claudio Cobelli, Ann Mahon, Walter Wittmann, Ernst Klar, Markus Golling, Peter Neuhaus
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
Three concomitants: personality disorders, psychiatric severity, and outcome of dynamic psychotherapy of major depression
Authors: L Diguer, J P Barber, L Luborsky
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

In a group of 25 patients with major depression, the authors investigated the relationships among having a comorbid personality disorder, the severity of psychiatric disorder, and the outcome of dynamic psychotherapy. They found that 1) depressed patients with a comorbid diagnosis of personality disorder had more severe psychiatric disturbance at intake and at termination of therapy as well as at follow-up and 2) although all patients improved and maintained their gains at follow-up, those with a comorbid personality disorder diagnosis did not improve as much as those without a personality disorder.
Doctors choosing not to be vaccinated is choosing to do harm
Authors: A. J. Behrman, A. L. Caplan, S. E. Coffin, N. Fishman
Journal: BMJ (2011)

We read Patel’s article with distress verging on disbelief.1 Although flu is unlikely to have serious sequelae in healthy non-pregnant healthcare workers, unvaccinated workers can and do transmit the virus to their co-workers, adversely affecting the workforce. They also infect patients, including elderly people, immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, and very young children (who …
722-2 Predicting Viability and Functional Recovery with Dobutamine Echocardiography and Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Stephen J. Lewis, Stephen G. Sawada, John R. Bates, Judy Foltz, Douglas S. Segar, Thomas Ryan, Gary D. Hutchins, Harvey Feigenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The Glucagon-Like Peptides
Authors: Timothy James Kieffer, Joel Francis Habener
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1999)

I. Introduction II. History of the Incretin Concept: Discovery of Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide III. Discovery of GLP-1 IV. Structures of GLPs and Family of Glucagon-Related Peptides V. Tissue Distribution of the Expression of GLPs A. Pancreatic α-cells B. Intestinal L cells C. Central nervous system VI. Proglucagon Biosynthesis A. Organization/structure of the proglucagon gene B. Regulation of glucagon gene expression C. Posttranslational processing of proglucagon VII. Regulation of GLP Secretion A. Overview B. Intracellular signals C. Carbohydrates D. Fats E. Proteins F. Endocrine G. Neural H. GLP-2 VIII. Metabolism of GLPs A. GLP-1 B. GLP-2 IX. Physiological Actions of GLPs A. Overview B. Pancreatic islets C. Counterregulatory actions of GLP-1 and leptin on β-cells D. Stomach E. Lung F. Brain G. Liver, skeletal muscle, and fat H. Pituitary, hypothalamus, and thyroid I. Cardiovascular system J. GLP-2 X. GLP Receptors A. Structure B. Signaling C. Distribution D. Regulation E. GLP-2 XI. Pathophysiology o...
Effect of immunosuppression on damage, leukocyte infiltration, and regeneration after severe warm ischemia/reperfusion renal injury
Authors: Dirk K. Ysebaert, Kathleen E. De Greef, Sven R. Vercauteren, Anja Verhulst, Marc Kockx, Gert A. Verpooten, Marc E. De Broe
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Pulmonary Disposition of Cortisol
Authors: ANDREW C. BRAUDE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

High-dose corticosteroid therapy is used in various lung diseases, yet it is not known if the drug enters the alveolar acinus. Cortisol levels, expressed as a function of albumin concentration, were measured in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in 12 patients with lung disease. There was a linear relation of Cortisol concentration between blood level and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid level when expressed in relation to the albumin concentration (r=0.93,p< 0.001). Incremental doses of intravenous hydrocortisone reach alveolar structures in a concentration directly related to the circulating blood levels.
Pleural fluid characteristics in pulmonary brucellosis.
Authors: E Kerem, O Diav, P Navon, D Branski
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Although pulmonary symptoms accompany up to 16% of cases of infection with Brucella melitensis, pleural effusion has rarely been reported. A 12 year old girl had brucellosis with pulmonary disease and a pleural effusion. The pleural fluid was clear and straw coloured with 2700 leucocytes/mm3 (93% lymphocytes), a protein level of 48 g/1, and a glucose concentration of 4.1 mmol/l. Culture of the pleural fluid grew Br melitensis.
Studies of Electrocardiographic Changes during Exercise (Modified Double Two-Step Test)
Authors: PAUL N. G. YU, ALFRED SOFFER
Journal: Circulation (1952)

A method of recording electrocardiograms during the performance of a double two-step exercise test is described. Data obtained from 32 normal subjects and 54 patients are analyzed, and changes in heart rate, S-T segment, T wave and Q-T interval and the occurrence of premature beats described. Criteria for an abnormal response indicating coronary insufficiency are defined. This method retains the merits of Master's original test and in addition has several distinct advantages.
Video Atlas of Two-Dimensional Color Flow Doppler Echocardiography
Authors: Kenneth B. Desser
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The<i>Video Atlas of Two-Dimensional Color Flow Doppler Echocardiography</i>by George M. Gura, Jr, MD, consists of a 180-page book and two videocassettes with a total running time of 2 1/2 hours. The quality of the text and software is superb. Indeed, these are the finest color Doppler images that have been produced for teaching in either the printed atlas or tape format to date. It is obvious that much forethought went into the preparation of the material, binding of the book, photographic technique, and packaging of all contents. Great care was taken to ensure that the text and video would be complementary without appearing repetitious. Additionally, the reader is presented with consistent left-to-right orientation of the book's descriptions and figures. In this fashion, the pages need not be turned in order to appreciate the illustrations. The author presents the material in a concise, orderly fashion, and subjects include valvular
Genetics and Resistance to Tuberculosis
Authors: William W. Stead
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Recent observations strongly suggest a significant role for genetic factors in innate resistance to infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This relation was discovered in a study of tuberculosis in Arkansas nursing homes and was supported by data from three outbreaks of tuberculosis in two prisons. A person's resistance level was found to correlate with the region of his or her ancestry. Ancestors of person's in the more resistant group tended to derive from densely populated areas and cities rife with tuberculosis, whereas the ancestors of person's in the more susceptible group tended to derive from areas once free of tuberculosis. In accordance with current genetic theory, those persons who are less resistant to tuberculosis would be expected to be more resistant to infections endemic to the region once inhabited by their ancestors. Isolation of the gene previously shown to confer specific innate (nonimmune) resistance to tuberculosis should result in the creation of a more rational approach to increasing the capacity of human macrophages to kill tubercle bacilli without producing a positive tuberculin skin test.
Controlled trial of balneotherapy in treatment of low back pain.
Authors: K Konrad, T Tatrai, A Hunka, E Vereckei, I Korondi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Three treatments for non-specific lumbar pain--balneotherapy, underwater traction bath, and underwater massage--were assessed in a randomised prospective controlled trial in 158 outpatients. Each group was treated for four weeks and patients were reviewed at the end of this period and at 12 months after entry to the trial. The prescription of analgesics and the pain score were significantly reduced in all three treated groups, but there was no difference between the three groups. No significant change occurred in spinal motion and the straight leg raising test. After one year only the analgesic consumption was significantly lower than in the control group.
Abstract 5132: 14-3-3sigma coordinates breast tumor invasion by regulating cytoskeletal dynamics
Authors: Aaron Boudreau, Felipe C. Geyer, Daojing Wang, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Mina J. Bissell
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract 14-3-3sigma was initially described as a tumor suppressor silenced in about 80% of breast tumors. Surprisingly however, in two independent culture models of breast cancer progression, we discovered 14-3-3sigma expression increased as cells transition towards malignancy, and that it contributed to motility and tumor invasion into surrounding tissues in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that 14-3-3sigma expression preferentially identified a subset of invasive breast carcinomas, and in independent breast cancer patient cohorts, 14-3-3sigma correlated with poor clinical outcome. We observed several lines of evidence that 14-3-3sigma regulates cytoskeletal architecture in cells, providing a molecular mechanism by which 14-3-3sigma may coordinate tumor progression and invasion. Funding is provided by a DOD BCRP Predoctoral Fellowship and a CBCRP Dissertation Award to AB, as well as DOE, NCI, NIH, and DOD grants to MJB. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5132.
Activation of the classical complement pathway by mannose-binding protein in association with a novel C1s-like serine protease.
Authors: M Matsushita, T Fujita
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Serum mannose-binding protein (MBP) is a C-type lectin that binds to terminal mannose and N-acetylglucosamine moieties present on surfaces of certain pathogens and activates the classical complement pathway. In the present study, we describe the mechanism underlying the activation triggered by MBP. The human serum MBP fraction was obtained by sequential affinity chromatography on mannan-Sepharose, anti-IgM-Sepharose and anti-MBP-Sepharose in the presence of calcium ions. This fraction contained a C1s-like serine protease as assessed by C4 consumption. The C1s-like serine protease, designated MBP-associated serine protease (MASP), was separated from MBP by rechromatography on anti-MBP-Sepharose in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. MASP exhibited both C4- and C2-consuming activities. The molecular mass of MASP was estimated to be 83 kD with two polypeptides of heavy (66 kD) and light (L) (31 kD) chains linked by disulfide bonds. The serine residue responsible for protease activity is located on the L chain. Reconstitution experiments using MASP and MBP revealed that combination of the two components restores C4- and C2-activating capacity on mannan. Based on analyses of molecular size, antigenicity, and 11 NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of the L chain, we conclude that MASP is a novel protein different from C1r or C1s. Our findings are not in accord with a proposed mechanism by which MBP utilizes the C1r2-C1s2 complex to initiate the classical complement pathway.
Behavior Therapy for Children With Tourette Disorder
Authors: John Piacentini, Douglas W. Woods, Lawrence Scahill, Sabine Wilhelm, Alan L. Peterson, Susanna Chang, Golda S. Ginsburg, Thilo Deckersbach, James Dziura, Sue Levi-Pearl, John T. Walkup
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Tourette disorder is a chronic and typically impairing childhood-onset neurologic condition. Antipsychotic medications, the first-line treatments for moderate to severe tics, are often associated with adverse effects. Behavioral interventions, although promising, have not been evaluated in large-scale controlled trials.
930 IDENTIFICATION OF MICRORNAS DURING RAT LIVER REGENERATION AFTER PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY AND MODULATION BY URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID
Authors: R.E. Castro, X. Zhang, D.M. Ferreira, P.M. Borralho, A.L. Sarver, Y. Zeng, C.J. Steer, B.T. Kren, C.M.P. Rodrigues
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
ACE inhibitors for myocardial infarction and unstable angina
Authors: John Mcmurray, HenryJ. Dargie, AlistairS. Hall, LipB. Tan, David Gray, StephenG. Ball, J.M. Cruickshank, Prabir Roy-Chaudhury, IzharH. Khan, GraemeR.D. Catto
Journal: The Lancet (1992)
Abstract 5589: An aqueous extract of Allspice (berries of Pimenta dioica) inhibits breast cancer growth through autophagy by targeting the estrogen receptor
Authors: Lei Zhang, Nagarajarao Shamaladevi, Bal L. Lokeshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BrCa) ranks second as cause of cancer deaths in women. However, &amp;gt;90% of BrCa patients survive &amp;gt;5 years after diagnosis, thus providing an chance to prevent clinical progression and metastasis. Several chemopreventive agents are currently under investigation, however, no single agent is highly effective. Dietary agents offer an advantage for long-term, well tolerated and personalized treatment for chemoprevention. With this goal, we investigated anticancer effects of an aqueous extract of a common spice, the unripe berries of Pimenta dioica (Allspice). Methods: An aqueous exact of Allspice was prepared, lyophilized and a solution of suitable strength was tested on several BrCa cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB231, SKBr3) for potential inhibition of clonogenic growth, autophagy and estrogen-receptor inactivation using commonly used analytical techniques. Potential effect on estrogen receptor (ERα) levels and transcriptional activities were determined using quantitative-real time PCR and western blotting. Results: AAE reduced the viability and clonogenic growth of BrCa cells (IC50≈ 100μg/ml). Importantly, AAE was selectively effective against proliferating cells but not quiescent cells. In addition to cytotoxicity, AAE reduced ERα in an estrogen-dependent BrCa cell line, MCF-7. ERα protein levels were significantly decreased in AAE treated MCF7 cells (IC50≈ 100μg/ml). The decrease in ERα protein level by AAE was not rescued by MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, treatment indicating, it is likely due to AAE effect on ERα synthesis and not turnover. We did not detect AAE induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells as confirmed by several assays. However AAE induced the expressions of autophagy-related proteins, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). Conclusion: We demonstrate anti-proliferative and anti-ERα activity of the aqueous extract of Allspice, a highly aromatic and delectable culinary additive world over. The cytotoxicity of this anticancer agent encompassed multiple pathways, including autophagy and ERα down modulation. These results, if found corroborative using studies in vivo models, should provide a strong rationale to test as an anti-cancer agent in breast cancer. [Grant Support: 1R01AT003544 (BLL)] Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5589. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5589
Third trimester vaccinations are needed to protect infants from pertussis, report says
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Vaccinating mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy would be the most effective way to protect infants against pertussis, health officials from the California Department of Public Health have said.

Infants are among the hardest hit in California’s ongoing pertussis epidemic. Because they are too young to be effectively vaccinated and are therefore dependent on maternal antibodies for protection, the most effective strategy to protect infants is to make sure all pregnant women receive the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in the third trimester of pregnancy. This timing will ensure the maximum transfer of protective maternal antibodies to the infant, wrote lead author Kathleen Winter and her colleagues in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 1

“Since the immune response to Tdap peaks about two weeks after administration and the majority …
Failure of atriopeptin II to cause arterial vasodilation in the conscious rat.
Authors: R W Lappe, J F Smits, J A Todt, J J Debets, R L Wendt
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The cardiovascular actions of the synthetic natriuretic peptide, atriopeptin II, were examined in conscious unrestrained spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. The animals were chronically instrumented with miniaturized pulsed Doppler flow probes to allow measurement of regional blood flow, or with an electromagnetic flow probe on the ascending aorta to facilitate the measurement of cardiac output in the conscious rat. Intravenous infusion of increasing doses of atriopeptin II (0.25-4 micrograms/kg per min) caused a dose-dependent fall in mean arterial pressure in the hypertensive and normotensive rats. Blood flow in the renal, mesenteric, and hindquarters vascular beds was markedly decreased during the infusion of atriopeptin II, and regional vascular resistance was significantly increased in both groups of rats. Heart rate was significantly elevated (47 +/- 14 beats/min) in the spontaneously hypertensive rats during atriopeptin II infusion, but no change in heart rate was observed in the Wistar rats. In the hypertensive rats, atriopeptin II caused a marked dose-dependent decrease in cardiac output (maximal decrease = -39 +/- 4%) and stroke volume (maximal decrease = -48 +/- 4%). Central venous pressure and left atrial pressure were also significantly reduced during atriopeptin II infusion. Total peripheral resistance was increased over the infusion protocol by 26 +/- 3%. These data suggest that atriopeptin II infusion markedly attenuated cardiac output in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Total and regional vascular resistances were increased, possibly through reflex compensatory mechanisms, to maintain arterial pressure in the face of decreased cardiac output.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Unorthodox Approach to the Development of a New Antituberculosis Therapy
Authors: Clifton E. Barry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The development of TMC207 represents an important advance in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. It is perhaps most amazing because of the defiantly unconventional nature of the effort. At virtually every step, from the original discovery of the diarylquinolines by screening for compounds that would kill Mycobacterium smegmatis, a saprophytic distant relative of M. tuberculosis, through the phase 2 study by Diacon et al. reported in this issue of the Journal (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00449644),1 this effort flouted conventional wisdom about how to develop new drugs for tuberculosis.It is also a humbling case study that is worth some reflection. Those of . . .
Ageing and the border between health and disease
Authors: William MacNee, Roberto A. Rabinovich, Gourab Choudhury
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Ageing is associated with a progressive degeneration of the tissues, which has a negative impact on the structure and function of vital organs and is among the most important known risk factors for most chronic diseases. Since the proportion of the world's population aged >60 years will double in the next four decades, this will be accompanied by an increased incidence of chronic age-related diseases that will place a huge burden on healthcare resources. There is increasing evidence that many chronic inflammatory diseases represent an acceleration of the ageing process. Chronic pulmonary diseases represents an important component of the increasingly prevalent multiple chronic debilitating diseases, which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the elderly. The lungs age and it has been suggested that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition of accelerated lung ageing and that ageing may provide a mechanistic link between COPD and many of its extrapulmonary effects and comorbidities. In this article we will describe the physiological changes and mechanisms of ageing, with particular focus on the pulmonary effects of ageing and how these may be relevant to the development of COPD and its major extrapulmonary manifestations.
484. Ultrasound-Mediated Microbubble Destruction and Retroviral Gene Delivery
Authors: Sarah L. Taylor, Ahad Rahim, Nigel Bush, Jeff Bamber, Colin Porter
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Although precise and stable transgene expression can be achieved by direct injection of naked DNA into skeletal muscle; therapeutic, non-invasive gene therapy for a range of less accessible tissues ultimately requires systemic introduction of a vector with subsequent targeted delivery. Current approaches tend to focus on vector modification to ease entry and intracellular passage. Liposomal or lipid-based delivery of naked DNA increases uptake by reducing electrostatic repulsion and encouraging endocytosis at the cell membrane; however, uptake in the liver and spleen causes vector wastage and undesirable non-target transgene expression. Adenoviral vectors are more efficient, but they share with liposomal methods a transient transgene expression, high non-specific delivery and a tendency to accumulate in the liver, whilst retroviral vectors mediate stable gene delivery but are not easily produced in sufficient quantity; in neither case are efficient techniques for targeted delivery established.