tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Emotional Stress, Psychosocial Variables and Coping Associated with Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Intravenous Drug Users
Authors: Luigi Grassi, James Satriano, Alessia Serra, Bruno Biancosino, Spyridon Zotos, Laura Sighinolfi, Florio Ghinelli
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2002)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The increasing health problem of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has only recently attracted the attention of psychosocial research, especially among subjects at higher risk (e.g. intravenous drug users; IDUs). The aim of the present study was to compare emotional stress symptoms, psychosocial variables (i.e. social support, external locus of control and emotional repression) and coping strategies in HCV-seropositive, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HCV/HIV-noninfected IDUs. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; IDUs followed by the Infectious Diseases Outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study over a period of 1 year. HCV-positive (n = 62) and HIV-positive (n = 76) IDUs and HCV/HIV-seronegative IDUs (n = 152) completed the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Social Provision Scale, the Locus of Control scale and the affective inhibition scale of the Illness Behavior Questionnaire. Coping with illness among HCV-positive and HIV-positive subjects was assessed through a modified version of the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; No significant differences were found between the samples with respect to individual and interpersonal variables. HCV-positive subjects showed higher scores on several psychological stress dimensions (i.e. obsessive-compulsive, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism) and lower scores on fighting spirit, hopelessness and anxious preoccupation towards illness than HIV-positive patients. HCV-positive and HCV/HIV-seronegative IDUs reported comparable scores on most of the psychological measures. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The findings indicate that routine assessment of psychosocial variables and coping mechanisms should be integrated into all HCV and HIV services, especially those dedicated to treatment of patients with substance abuse, as a vulnerable segment of the population at risk for life-threatening physical illness such as HCV and HIV infections.
Cardiovascular Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Growth Hormone in Chronic Left Ventricular Failure in the Rat
Authors: Robert L. Duerr, M. Dan McKirnan, Ronald D. Gim, Ross G. Clark, Kenneth R. Chien, John Ross
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) appears to have favorable cardiac effects associated with left ventricular remodeling early after myocardial infarction in the rat. The present study was designed to determine whether IGF-1 combined with growth hormone would be beneficial later as well, when infarct healing and cardiac remodeling have occurred. Methods and Results Four weeks after coronary occlusion, 36 rats were randomized to IGF-1 (3 mg·kg −1 ·d −1 ) plus growth hormone (0.1 mg BID) or to placebo for 4 weeks. Treated rats had significant increases in body weight (22%), while the ratio of heart weight to body weight was unchanged. Under anesthesia, cardiac output (fluorescent microspheres) increased 46%, and systemic vascular resistance decreased by 21% ( P &lt;.001) in the treated group; a significant (22%) increase of the cardiac index was limited to treated rats with large myocardial infarctions. Small increases in the reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and left ventricular dP/dt max values with treatment were not significant. Treated rats showed a borderline (16%) increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (angiography), whereas the ratio of left ventricular end-diastolic volume to body weight was reduced in the treated group. Conclusions IGF-1 plus growth hormone administered to rats with left ventricular failure starting 1 month after MI was associated with substantial body growth, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and increased cardiac output. The failing heart also underwent treatment-induced increases in left and right ventricular weights in proportion to body growth, but left ventricular remodeling was minor, and a decrease in the ratio of left ventricular end-diastolic volume to body weight reflected relatively less chamber dilation compared with controls. A significant interaction between size of the myocardial infarction and treatment was observed for several variables, and IGF-1 and growth hormone increased the cardiac index ( P &lt;.035) in rats with a large myocardial infarction.
Psychiatrists neglect patients' physical health problems, says study
Authors: L. Hitchen
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Psychiatrists are failing to carry out physical health checks for metabolic complications common in patients with mental illness, in particular patients taking antipsychotics, a study claims.

In a meta-analysis and systematic review published in Psychological Medicine (doi:10.1017/S003329171100105X) researchers found that only blood pressure and triglycerides were routinely monitored in more than 50% of patients. Most other tests, such as cholesterol, glucose, and weight measurement, were carried out in less than half of patients.

Studies show that people with schizophrenia who are taking antipsychotics often have several related cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors so should be monitored often and provided with the appropriate follow-up medical care. These risk factors include high cholesterol concentrations, hypertriglyceridaemia, glucose abnormalities, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.

Although …
Inability of rheumatologists to describe their true policies for assessing rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J R Kirwan, D M Chaput de Saintonge, C R Joyce, J Holmes, H L Currey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

Eighty nine British and Australian rheumatologists took part in a study to discover how accurately they could describe their procedures for measuring disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis. The relative importance they attached to different clinical and laboratory variables showed a very wide variation, and these stated policies were generally poor at predicting their actual judgments when assessing 9paper patients9 (r2 = 39%). Policies based on equal weighting of all variables, while also poor predictors (r2 = 41%), were nevertheless superior to their stated policies for 49 respondents. Policies calculated by judgment (linear regression) analysis were much more successful predictors (R2 = 73%). Unhurried, detailed interviews with four experienced rheumatologists provided carefully considered statements of assessment policy, but these also were poor predictors of routine assessments of outpatients (r2 = 34%) compared with policies calculated by clinical judgment analysis, even when these were applied to new data (R2 = 88%).
99mTc DPD Is the Preferential Bone Tracer for Diagnosis of Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis
Authors: Pascal Rossi, Laurent Tessonnier, Yves Frances, Olivier Mundler, Brigitte Granel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We emphasize the role of Tc-99m-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylicacid (DPD) scintigraphy as a noninvasive tool to distinguish transthyretin (TTR)-related cardiac amyloidosis from other forms of cardiac amyloidosis. We report the case of a 76-year-old male patient suffering from congestive heart failure in whom imaging investigation by DPD scintigraphy showed a strong cardiac uptake highly suggestive of TTR amyloidosis variant. TTR-related cardiac amyloidosis was confirmed on myocardial biopsies by immunohistochemistry analysis. This case supports the growing interest in DPD scintigraphy for typing cardiac amyloidosis and for its contribution in the place of invasive myocardial biopsy.
Does Antiviral Therapy Prevent Recurrence of Hepatitis B Virus–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Liver Resection?
Authors: Anna S. F. Lok
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Review: Dopamine agonists are effective for the restless legs syndrome but may be discontinued due to adverse events
Authors: Kathryn M. Andolsek
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club19 July 2011Review: Dopamine agonists are effective for the restless legs syndrome but may be discontinued due to adverse eventsKathryn M. Andolsek, MD, MPHKathryn M. Andolsek, MD, MPHDuke University School of Medicine/Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA (K.M.A.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-02009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationScholz H, Trenkwalder C, Kohnen R, et al. Dopamine agonists for restless legs syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011(3):CD006009. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21412893Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Geriatrics: Neurology: References1 Winkelman JW, Finn L, Young T. Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome symptoms in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort. Sleep Med. 2006;7:545-52. [PMID: 16740407] Google Scholar2 Möller C, Wetter TC, Köster J, Stiasny-Kolster K. Differential diagnosis of unpleasant sensations in the legs: prevalence of restless legs syndrome in a primary care population. Sleep Med. 2010;11:161-6. [PMID: 20022805] Google Scholar3 Garcia-Borreguero D, Stillman P, Benes H, et al. Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome in primary care. BMC Neurol. 2011;11:28. [PMID: 21352569] Google Scholar4 Pigeon WR, Yurcheshen M. Behavioral sleep medicine interventions for restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder. Sleep Med Clin. 2009;4:487-94. [PMID: 20161553] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kathryn M. Andolsek, MD, MPHAffiliations: Duke University School of Medicine/Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA (K.M.A.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 July 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 July 2011Volume 155, Issue 2Page: JC1-9KeywordsAdverse eventsDopamineDrugsExercise therapyLevodopaQuality of lifeRestless legs syndromeSafetySleepSystematic reviews ePublished: 19 July 2011 Issue Published: 19 July 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Oseltamivir's adverse events
Authors: M. Strong, J. Burrows, P. Redgrave
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Local community based surveillance in South Yorkshire during July 2009 indicates that only 11% (95% confidence interval 7% to 17%) of people with flu symptoms were positive for A/H1N1. Many patients who use the National Pandemic Flu Service may therefore be offered antiviral drugs unnecessarily with risk of adverse effects.1

After …
MEK-ERK pathway modulation ameliorates disease phenotypes in a mouse model of Noonan syndrome associated with the Raf1L613V mutation
Authors: Xue Wu, Jeremy Simpson, Jenny H. Hong, Kyoung-Han Kim, Nirusha K. Thavarajah, Peter H. Backx, Benjamin G. Neel, Toshiyuki Araki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a leading cause of sudden death in children and young adults. Abnormalities in several signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of HCM, but the role of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK pathway has been controversial. Noonan syndrome (NS) is one of several autosomal-dominant conditions known as RASopathies, which are caused by mutations in different components of this pathway. Germline mutations in RAF1 (which encodes the serine-threonine kinase RAF1) account for approximately 3%-5% of cases of NS. Unlike other NS alleles, RAF1 mutations that confer increased kinase activity are highly associated with HCM. To explore the pathogenesis of such mutations, we generated knockin mice expressing the NS-associated Raf1(L613V) mutation. Like NS patients, mice heterozygous for this mutation (referred to herein as L613V/+ mice) had short stature, craniofacial dysmorphia, and hematologic abnormalities. Valvuloseptal development was normal, but L613V/+ mice exhibited eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and aberrant cardiac fetal gene expression, and decompensated following pressure overload. Agonist-evoked MEK-ERK activation was enhanced in multiple cell types, and postnatal MEK inhibition normalized the growth, facial, and cardiac defects in L613V/+ mice. These data show that different NS genes have intrinsically distinct pathological effects, demonstrate that enhanced MEK-ERK activity is critical for causing HCM and other RAF1-mutant NS phenotypes, and suggest a mutation-specific approach to the treatment of RASopathies.
Cutaneous schistosomiasis in Nigeria. An update
Authors: O.E. OBASI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Cutaneous schistosomiasis in Nigeria. An update Get access O.E. OBASI O.E. OBASI Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria Dr Obasi Erem Obasi. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 5, 1 May 1986, Pages 597–602, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb04067.x Published: 01 May 1986 Article history Accepted: 24 October 1985 Published: 01 May 1986
Definitive Irradiation and Chemotherapy for Radiosensitization in Management of Anal Carcinoma: Interim Report on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study No. 8314
Authors: B. Sischy, R. L. S. Doggett, J. M. Krall, D. G. Taylor, W. T. Sause, J. A. Lipsett, H. G. Seydel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Following documented evidence of the synergism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiation therapy and an additive effect with mitomycin and irradiation, pilot studies have demonstrated the potential for definitive radiation therapy in the management of squamous cell and basaloid carcinomas of the anal canal, allowing sphincter preservation. Our study explored the long-term effectiveness of combined therapy at this disease site and examined the feasibility of a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study involving concomitant radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Between 1983 and 1987, 79 assessable patients with any primary tumor stage of anal canal carcinoma were treated by external-beam irradiation combined with mitomycin given by bolus iv injection and 5-FU given by continuous infusion. Radiation was delivered to the perineum and pelvis to a total dose of 4,080 cGy in 4.5–5 weeks. The inguinal nodal areas received 4,080 cGy, calculated at a 3-cm depth in the center of the nodal area. A 96-hour infusion of 5-FU was started on days 2 and 28 of the irradiation at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2 over 24 hours, and a bolus injection of mitomycin was administered on day 2 at a dose of 10 mg/m2. The overall survival rates are 97% at 1 year and 73% at 3 years. Patients with lesions <3 cm in diameter and those treated strictly according to the protocol did significantly better than those with larger lesions and those whose treatment did not comply with the protocol. The interim outcome of the study demonstrates that this combined therapy is effective for patients with anal cancer and allows preservation of the sphincter and of sexual function. [J Natl Cancer Inst 81:850–856, 1989]
Conference warns of epidemic of unsafe abortions in Africa
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Twelve per cent of maternal deaths in Africa are caused by unsafe abortions, with 90 women a day dying as a result, a conference in Ethiopia heard last month. The Regional Consultation on Unsafe Abortion in Africa, held at the UN Conference Centre in Addis Ababa, was chaired by the Ghanaian gynaecologist Fred Sai, the former president of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. It was organised by reproductive health organisation Ipas and the US based Guttmacher Institute.

Dr Sai warned, “By continuing to adhere to archaic colonial laws, by failing to implement international …
The Little Black Book of Primary Care: Pearls and References
Authors: Max Burger
Journal: JAMA (1994)

This wire-bound manual is not little. It is the size of most of the other spiral-bound manuals, such as the "Washington Manual," that used to rip the pocket of my white lab coat and weigh me down, so that all my other paraphernalia had to be placed in the other pocket for balance. It might replace the "Washington Manual" in the clinic or office, however, when the primary care resident has graduated from his or her terrors on the wards. Although there are many good sections on hospital-based problems like myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and premature ventricular contractions, it covers most aspects of primary care, including adult and pediatric emergencies, "health maintenance," internal medicine, ophthalmology, ear-nose-and-throat, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, psychiatry, urology, dermatology, and orthopedics. There are some striking gaps, such as the omission of adult immunization schedules and travel prophylaxis recommendations. It is incomplete on tuberculosis prophylaxis recommendations,
Abstract 15707: Inhibition of Atrial Fibrillation Inducibility by Low Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation: the Role of Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Authors: Stavros Stavrakis, Benjamin J Scherlag, Youqi Fan, Yu Liu, Jun Mao, Vandana Varma, Ralph Lazzara, Sunny S Po
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Low level vagus nerve stimulation (LLVNS, 50% below that which slows the sinus rate) inhibits atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility but the exact mechanism is unclear. We examined the r...
Letter to Linacre
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IN delivering the Linacre Lecture of St. John's College, Cambridge, Sir Robert Platt adopted a novel approach. Having recently been president of the Royal College of Physicians, which was founded by Thomas Linacre in 1518, Sir Robert gave his lecture in the form of an imaginary letter to Linacre in which he told him something of medicine and medical practice in the present day and of the continued need of a college such as the one he established. "My dear Linacre," he began, "I am sorry it is so long since you have heard from us about your College. Let . . .
Testing for human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis patients in Los Angeles.
Authors: S M Asch, A S London, P F Barnes, L Gelberg
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To investigate patterns of testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in tuberculosis patients, we obtained data from the tuberculosis registry and from medical records of 500 tuberculosis patients in Los Angeles County. Sixty-three percent of tuberculosis patients were tested for HIV infection, and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the likelihood of testing was significantly higher among males, persons between 20 and 49 yr old, individuals with HIV risk factors, and patients treated by public health care providers. A minimum of 12% of the total sample, 2% of females, 2% of those outside the ages of 20 to 49, 7% of patients without recorded HIV risk factors, and 17% of patients treated by private practitioners were infected with HIV. These results suggest that health care providers, particularly private practitioners, do not follow national recommendations for universal HIV testing of tuberculosis patients. Instead, HIV testing is preferentially performed on patients perceived to be at high risk for HIV infection. Because HIV seroprevalence is at least 2 to 7% in "low-risk" groups, failure to test these patients may result in significant missed opportunities for diagnosis and treatment of HIV coinfection.
OPERATION FOR RECURRENCE OF CANCER AFTER HYSTERECTOMY.
Authors: E. W. CUSHING
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>FREQUENCY OF RECURRENCE.</h3> Sad and discouraging is the fact that a very large number of cases of cancer of the uterus recur after a variable time subsequent to the removal of the organ by hysterectomy. Nevertheless, this is not a reason for abandoning the operation, which certainly saves a great many cases, prolongs the life of more and mitigates the sufferings and grants a comparative euthanasia to the rest. Early diagnosis, immediate surgical interference and more thorough methods of operating are constantly giving better results. Just as in mammary cancer the modern methods of removing the contents of the axilla and all the tissues between the axillary glands and the mamma, together with the subjacent muscles, as well as the whole breast and overlying skin, have vastly improved the final results, so the thorough operation for hysterectomy in cases of cancer, with dissection of the space at the bifurcation of
(50) Leiomyoma cutis
Authors: W.F.G. Tucker, C.I. Harrington
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article (50) Leiomyoma cutis Get access W.F.G. Tucker, Drs, W.F.G. Tucker, Drs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.I. Harrington C.I. Harrington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s30, 1 July 1986, Page 93, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb07745.x Published: 01 July 1986