tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Naevus corniculatus: a new acantholytic disorder
Authors: R. HAPPLE, P.M. STEIJLEN, G. KOLDE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Naevus corniculatus: a new acantholytic disorder Get access R. HAPPLE, R. HAPPLE Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Dr R.Happle, Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, NL‐6524 MJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.M. STEIJLEN, P.M. STEIJLEN Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. KOLDE G. KOLDE Department of Dermatology, University of Münster. F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue 1, 1 January 1990, Pages 107–112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08247.x Published: 01 January 1990
Scope of Prevention in Ophthalmology
Authors: I. Mann
Journal: BMJ (1943)

<h3>Background/Objective</h3> Nutrition education plays a key role in the management of chronic diseases. This review aimed to assess whether nutritional educational programmes (NEPs) utilising whole-diet approaches improved health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> Searches were conducted on 5 databases (Medline, Pubmed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science) independently by three reviewers. Search terms and MESH headings included: Nutrition OR diet OR eating habits AND education OR teaching OR training OR counselling AND health OR morbidity OR mortality OR well-being OR quality of life. Studies of NEPs involving educational interventions on whole diet modification (i.e. improving total nutritional intake) vs. usual diet or no intervention were included. Studies lacking a comparison group, case-control studies and those involving single dietary or nutrient modifications were excluded. Papers were independently assessed for eligibility; quality (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality assessment tool); risk of bias (Cochrane Risk of bias 2 tool) and data extracted. Outcomes of interest were nutritional status, biochemical markers and quality of life. Data heterogeneity meant meta-analyses could not be performed so a descriptive approach was used. <h3>Results</h3> From a total of 8453 papers, 18 studies were identified as relevant and grouped by disease: cancer (n=8); Type 2 diabetes (n=6) and CKD (n=4). NEPs in 12 studies were dietician-led, with the remainder delivered via telehealth (n=2), group therapy (n=2), nutritionist (n=1) or nurse specialist (n=1). Results showed that NEPs had statistically significant improvements in quality of life and prevention of malnutrition in cancer patients, but did not prevent deterioration in weight. Diabetic patients showed improvements in weight loss, reduced waist circumference and HbA1c; however changes in BMI, blood pressure and cholesterol were not significant. NEPs did not improve clinical markers in CKD (e.g. cholesterol, phosphate and eGFR), but following the intervention patients reported better knowledge of their illness. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This review suggests that nutrition education programmes are an important tool in improving health outcomes of patients with cancer, Type 2 diabetes and CKD.
Heterosexual Transmission of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Reply
Authors: Margaret A. Fischl
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  The major purpose of our prospective study was to evaluate the efficiency of and the potential mechanisms associated with the heterosexual transmission of HIV among spouses and monogamous heterosexual couples, as well as to evaluate any potential household transmission of HIV. Due to the broad scope of the study, our data analysis and presentation focused on these particular issues.  Spouses with other potential risk factors for HIV infection were excluded from the study. However, it became apparent during the course of the study that heterosexual contact with other partners, particularly prostitutes, could also represent a risk factor for HIV infection. In analyzing our data, it was noted that male spouses of Haitian ancestry had a higher seroprevalence rate of HIV antibody at entry into the study. Correlation between a history of other heterosexual partners, in particular sexual contact with female prostitutes, gonorrhea, and syphilis, and antibody to HIV
Nonsuppressible insulin-like activity of human serum. A potent inhibitor of insulin degradation.
Authors: C R Kahn, K Megyesi, J Roth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Nonsuppressible insulin-like activity soluble in acid ethanol (NSILA-s) is a well-characterized peptide derived from human serum which has previously been shown to have insulin-like bioactivity and react with both insulin and NSILA-s receptor sites in liver plasma membranes. In the present study we find that NSILA-s is also a potent competitive inhibitor of the insulin-degrading system of the liver plasma membrane. The most purified NSILA-s preparation tested was 20-fold more potent than insulin itself, and significant inhibition of insulin degradation occurred at concentrations of NSILA-s similar to those found in plasma.
Anomalous Insertion of the Right Hepatic Duct into the Cystic Duct Demonstrated by Hepatobiliary Imaging
Authors: MICHAEL D. REITZ, PANUKORN VASINRAPEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Hepatobiliary imaging demonstrated an anomalous insertion of the right hepatic duct into the cystic duct. Recognition of this entity is essential in surgical procedures of the biliary system.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin suppresses cyst growth by Pkd1 null cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Feng Wei, Anil Karihaloo, Zhiheng Yu, Arnaud Marlier, Pankaj Seth, Sekiya Shibazaki, Tong Wang, Stefan Somlo, Lloyd G. Cantley, Vikas P. Sukhatme
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Cardiac sympathetic afferent cell bodies are located in the peripheral nervous system of the cat.
Authors: Z J Bosnjak, J P Kampine
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Studies of the stellate ganglion and middle cervical ganglion indicate that sympathetic efferent nerve activity can be modified by peripheral excitatory inputs and that these neural connections may function as pathways for a peripheral reflex at the level of the thoracic sympathetic ganglia. This excitatory synaptic input could have a soma in either the central or the peripheral nervous system. A study was designed to determine whether chronic decentralization (3 weeks) of the stellate ganglion in cats would 1) abolish sympathetic cardiac afferent nerve activity recorded at the stellate cardiac nerve and 2) abolish local thoracic reflexes that are generated by stimulation of peripheral nerves. The ansae subclaviae, T3 and T4 rami, and stellate ganglion were also examined by electron microscopy for the extent of Wallerian degeneration. Afferent cardiac activation of the axon collaterals arising from cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglia was abolished due to degeneration. However, sympathetic afferent nerve activity from the left ventricular receptors was still present and was recorded from the stellate cardiac nerve in all cats. Cardiac receptors were sensitive to mechanical distortion, increases in the left ventricular pressure, and epicardial application of veratrine hydrochloride. These data imply that 1) cardiovascular afferent input to the stellate ganglion persists following chronic decentralization and 2) the sensory neurons are located in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Thus, we find that regulation of the heart occurs in part via thoracic ganglia, independently of the central nervous system.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF HELA CELLS INFECTED WITH ADENOVIRUSES
Authors: Carl G. Harford, Alice Hamlin, Esther Parker, Theodore van Ravenswaay
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

HeLa cells were infected with adenoviruses (types 1-4) and sectioned for electron microscopy after intervals of 20 to 48 hours. Clusters of virus-like particles were found within the nuclei of infected cultures but not in those of uninfected controls. The particles were often arranged in rows as if in crystalline formation. Maximal diameter of particles was approximately 65 mmicro, and internal bodies were demonstrated. Lesions of infected cells included target-like structures of the nuclear membrane, large nuclear vacuoles (type 2), and increased numbers of large irregular electron-dense granules in the cytoplasm 48 hours after infection. Examination of infected cultures by light microscopy, using the Feulgen reaction, showed intranuclear inclusion bodies and a cytopathogenic effect consisting of clumping of cells without pyknosis of nuclei. A lipide stain showed numerous cytoplasmic granules that were not identical with the large, irregular, electron-dense granules of the cytoplasm. Practically all the cells showed the viral cytopathogenic effect, but only a minority of cells were found to contain virus-like particles or intranuclear inclusion bodies.
Touched by greatness
Authors: B Charlton
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - My heart sank when I saw the review of Thirty-two short films about Glenn Gould.1 It is a tragedy when musical genius is subjected to ignorant psychobabble and demoted to the status of a mere instance of mental pathology. I would like to set the record straight.

Glenn Gould was a renaissance man of the McLuhan age. In addition to his transcendent pianistic …
Abstract 3387: Deletion of NR4A orphan nuclear receptors in adult mice leads to development of acute myeloid leukemia due to disrupted HSC homeostasis
Authors: Ashley M. Ramirez-Herrick, Shuo Zhang, Orla M. Conneely
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The NR4A subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors (NR4A1, NR4A2, and NR4A3) function as nuclear transcription factors that transduce diverse extracellular and stress signals into altered gene transcription to coordinate apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. We previously discovered that two of these receptors, NR4A1 and NR4A3, are potent tumor suppressors of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); they are silenced in human AML and abrogation of both genes in mice results in extremely rapid early postnatal development of AML. To address the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which NR4As regulate myeloid homeostasis we have generated tamoxifen regulated conditional knockout mice to interrogate the preleukemic effects of NR4A1/3 deletion in hematopoietic cells. We show that deletion of NR4As in adult mice leads to development of transplantable AML disease with a mean survival latency of 15 weeks. Retroviral rescue of NR4A1 or NR4A3 expression after AML development is sufficient to prevent long-term reconstitution of leukemia initiating cells after transplantation into sub-lethally irradiated NOD-SCIDγ mice. AML development in the conditional knockout mice is associated with loss of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis due to unscheduled HSC proliferation and abnormal skewing of the lineage development program of HSC subpopulations. Skewing of HSC developmental potential leads to a decrease in lymphoid-biased HSCs and relative overproduction of myeloid-biased HSCs, resulting in excessive generation of myeloid progenitor progeny. Our data indicate that NR4As are intrinsic transcriptional regulators of HSC homeostasis that are essential for coordination of lineage development programming of HSCs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3387. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3387
Migraine with aura and increased risk of ischaemic stroke
Authors: E. Loder
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Patients should be treated aggressively for modifiable cardiovascular risk factors

In the linked systematic review (doi:10.1136/bmj.b3914), Schurks and colleagues assess the association between migraine and cardiovascular disease, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and death as a result of cardiovascular disease.1

Migraine is a highly prevalent chronic condition characterised by a hyper-responsive nervous system that predisposes to recurrent episodes of severe headache and autonomic disturbance.2 Roughly a quarter of people who have migraine experience temporary neurological symptoms, known as aura, before some or all of their headaches. Aura is distinguished from other causes of brief recurrent neurological disturbance, such as transient ischaemic attacks, by its gradual onset and disappearance, the presence of both positive and negative features, and its duration of an hour or less.

Visual disturbances are the most common sort of aura, although sensory or motor auras can also occur. Patients with aura can be identified using the visual aura rating scale (table⇓), which assigns a point value to common aura features.3 Its developers make the clinically relevant observation that to identify patients with aura it is necessary only to detect visual aura, because 99% of people with non-visual auras …
Chronic Intracerebral Haematomata
Authors: G. F. Rowbotham, A. G. Ogilvie
Journal: BMJ (1945)

6 .. 50 8 -121l 10 7, - .. 4 10 ," -.. 100 11 ,, - .. 58 1I ,, - .. 56Jages.The last column of the table shows that the proportion of burns occurring after 8 p.m. was highest between ages 1 and 2 (38% of all burns at this age happened after 8 p.m.).The proportion varies between 23 and 30% at other children's ages, but for all ages over 16 combined it is as low as 11.7%.TABLE VII.-Age and Time Distributioni (1,803 Cases) Age Total Up to 8 p.m.After 8 p.m. Burns after 8 p.m. Group No. as %. of Total at (Years) Burned No.
Hepatitis B virus occult infection in subjects with persistent isolated anti-HBc reactivity
Authors: A. Sánchez-Quijano, J.I. Jauregui, M. Leal, J.A. Pineda, A. Castilla, M.A. Abad, M.P. Civeira, F. García de Pesquera, J. Prieto, E. Lissen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
Diaphragm fatigue during exercise at high altitude: the role of hypoxia and workload
Authors: M. Gudjonsdottir, L. Appendini, P. Baderna, A. Purro, A. Patessio, G. Vilianis, M. Pastorelli, S.B. Sigurdsson, C.F. Donner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

The effect of high altitude (HA) on exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue in normal subjects was examined. Eight normal subjects completed an incremental exercise test at sea level (SL) and at 3,325 m. Before (baseline), during, and after exercise (recovery), maximal transdiaphragm pressure (Pdi,sniff), breathing pattern, and diaphragmatic effort (PTPdi) were measured. Arterialized blood lactate was measured at baseline and during recovery. At maximal exercise (WRmax) Pdi,sniff fell to 72% and 61% of baseline at SL and HA respectively, recovering to baseline in 60 min at SL, and >60 min at HA. At the 5th min of recovery, circulating lactate was six-fold and seven-fold baseline at SL and HA, respectively. The time course of circulating lactate recovery was as for Pdi,sniff. At WRmax PTPdi was 80.74+/-9.87 kPa.s(-1) at SL and 64.13+/-8.21 kPa.s(-1) at HA. HA WRmax compared to isowork rate, SL data showed a lower Pdi,sniff (8.90+/-0.68 versus 11.24+/-0.59 kPa) and higher minute ventilation (117+/-11 versus 91+/-13 L.min(-1)), PTPdi being equal. To conclude, in normal subjects hypoxia-related effects, and not an increase in diaphragm work, hastens exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue and delays its recovery at high altitude compared to sea level.
Halothane Hepatitis
Authors: Jules L. Dienstag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Despite vitriolic controversy over the existence of halothane-induced hepatitis, a consensus has been reached that it is a distinct although rare syndrome. Early evidence was circumstantial, derived from reports associating fulminant hepatitis with halothane anesthesia. Even more compelling evidence, however, came from carefully documented challenge studies in which fever and hepatitis recurred after reexposure to halothane1 , 2 but not to a control anesthetic.2 Furthermore, epidemiologic investigations have demonstrated increases in delayed postoperative fever, fulminant hepatitis, and serum aminotransferase elevations in patients repeatedly receiving halothane as compared with patients receiving other anesthetics.2 3 4 Clearly, there are other causes besides halothane for postoperative liver . . .
Prognostic factors in Merkel cell carcinoma: Analysis of 240 cases
Authors: Tina I. Tarantola, Laura A. Vallow, Michele Y. Halyard, Roger H. Weenig, Karen E. Warschaw, Travis E. Grotz, James W. Jakub, Randall K. Roenigk, Jerry D. Brewer, Amy L. Weaver, Clark C. Otley
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Compensatory subendocardial hyperkinesis in the cat is abolished during coronary insufficiency outside an acutely ischaemic region
Authors: S. Birkeland, J. Westby, I. Hessevik, K. Grong, E. Hexeberg, J. Lekven
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Compensatory subendocardial hyperkinesis in the cat is abolished during coronary insufficiency outside an acutely ischaemic region Get access Sigurd Birkeland, Sigurd Birkeland Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Correspondence to Dr Birkeland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joergen Westby, Joergen Westby Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Idar Hessevik, Idar Hessevik Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ketil Grong, Ketil Grong Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Erik Hexeberg, Erik Hexeberg Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jon Lekven Jon Lekven Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 3, March 1992, Pages 285–291, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.3.285 Published: 01 March 1992 Article history Received: 01 July 1991 Accepted: 10 October 1991 Published: 01 March 1992
Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein H Blocks MST2-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Cells by Regulating <i>a-raf</i> Transcription
Authors: Jens Rauch, Eric O'Neill, Brigitte Mack, Christoph Matthias, Markus Munz, Walter Kolch, Olivier Gires
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

A-Raf belongs to the family of oncogenic Raf kinases that are involved in mitogenic signaling by activating the mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)-ERK pathway. Low kinase activity of A-Raf toward MEK suggested that A-Raf might have alternative functions. Here, we show that A-Raf prevents cancer cell apoptosis contingent on the expression of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H (hnRNP H) splice factor, which is required for the correct transcription and expression of a-raf. Apoptosis was prevented by A-Raf through sequestration and inactivation of the proapoptotic MST2 kinase. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of hnRNP H or A-Raf resulted in MST2-dependent apoptosis. In contrast, enforced expression of either hnRNP H or A-Raf partially counteracted apoptosis induced by etoposide. In vivo expression studies of colon specimens corroborated the overexpression of hnRNP H in malignant tissues and its correlation with A-Raf levels. Our findings define a novel mechanism that is usurped in tumor cells to escape naturally imposed apoptotic signals.
The antitumorgenic actions of estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer cells.
Authors: J Wimalasena, S Baek, M Sukhthankar, A Strom
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3056 Recent studies have suggested that ERβ may oppose actions of ERα in breast cancer cells and clinical studies indicate that loss of ERβ expression in ERα positive tumors is associated with a poor prognosis and perhaps resistance to tamoxifen therapy. Clinical evidence indicates that in post menopausal women hormone replacement therapy significantly decreased incidence of colon cancer, suggesting that estrogens have a protective role . We have recently found that in SW 480 colon cancer cells, (ER negative) stable expression of ERβ decreased SKP2, c-myc but not p27kip1 mRNA measured by real time PCR. These results were confirmed for c-myc and SKP2 at the protein level. However, ERβ expression increased only p27 protein levels. Addition of E2 did not regulate effects of ERβ expression.&amp;#x2028; Similar results have been observed with T47D (ER positive breast cancer cells) stably over expressing ERβ. In the latter cells and MCF7 (ER alpha positive) cells over expressing ERβ, E2 induced β catenin protein expression was blocked by ERβ. The latter also blocked AKT and ERK activation by E2 and induced apoptosis, in an E2 independent fashion. ERβ expression also blocked E2 induced growth in MCF 7 cells. Antibody array analysis showed that ERβ regulated &amp;gt;100 proteins at or above the 2 fold level in T47D breast cancer cells,where as 2D PAGE/MS showed that over 60 proteins changed significantly, both types of analysis and Western blots indicate that ERβ regulates Sp1,HSP70,β catenin, c-Jun, JNK,c-Jun ,BAD among other proteins. Antibody arrays and MS have therefore revealed unsuspected targets of ERβ action. Thus, ERβ appears to oppose several actions of ERα in breast cancer cells and block colon cancer cell growth, independently of E2. Design of selective ERβ activating agents or delivery of ERβ using gene therapy may be of substantial utility in the treatment of breast and colon cancer. Category27. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3056.
Inappropriate use of tricyclic antidepressants.
Authors: J R Kirwan
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Association on Mental Deficiency (AAMD).The concept of mild retardation is quantitative and embraces, using conventional standards, some 2 20, of the population in addition to the 0 4%' who are even less gifted.Not all of this considerable population is in receipt of special services, even at school age; but prospects for training for skilled employment and independent social adaptation tend to be limited.Fortunately, the AAMD has omitted from the revised classification of mental handicap' the term "borderline mental retardation," but this is still in common use and embraces much of the "dull normal" stream.It seems contrary to the general sense of the leading article thus arbitrarily to exclude any causal role in mental retardation to mal- nutrition when this can admittedly cause some deficiency in the developing brain.It would seem more reasonable in the present state of science to keep an open mind on this question and to view it as one of the many possible modes of operation of the impact of adverse social and economic factors among under- privileged groups and disadvantaged classes.
An IFN-γ–induced aminopeptidase in the ER, ERAP1, trims precursors to MHC class I–presented peptides
Authors: Tomo Saric, Shih-Chung Chang, Akira Hattori, Ian A. York, Shirley Markant, Kenneth L. Rock, Masafumi Tsujimoto, Alfred L. Goldberg
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)