tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Immunodeficiency Characterized by Impaired Antibody Responses to Polysaccharides
Authors: Donna M. Ambrosino, George R. Siber, Barbara A. Chilmonczyk, Julia B. Jernberg, Robert W. Finberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

ANTIBODY directed to the capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus, meningococcus, and Hemophilus influenzae type b is protective against these bacterial pathogens.1 2 3 In most adults the antibody response to polysaccharide antigens predominantly involves the IgG2 subclass.4 5 6 Selective deficiency of this subclass has been associated with recurrent infections,7 although some persons lacking IgG2 antibody do not have an increased susceptibility to infections. An impaired response to polysaccharides has also been observed in ataxia telangiectasia,8 Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome,9 common variable hypogammaglobulinemia,10 and Sjögren's syndrome.11 Except for Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, these conditions involve either IgG2 deficiency or an impaired response to protein as well as to polysaccharide . . .
Management of myocardial infarction in Scotland: have clinical trials changed practice?
Authors: S J Hutchison, S M Cobbe
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Management of myocardial infarction in Scotland: have clinical trials changed practice?Acute myocardial infarction remains one ofthe most common indications for emergency admission to hospital.During the past two decades the main changes in management have been the widespread introduction of coronary care units and the trend towards earlier ambulation.The use ofprophylactic antiarrhythmic treatment and long term anticoagulant drugs has declined.Recent studies have suggested a number of further management options in the acute and convalescent phases of myocardial infarction, such as , blockade, thrombolytic treatment, antiplatelet agents, and the use of exercise testing to identify high risk individuals.'These studies have been discussed extensively in both cardiological2 and general medical3 journals.The aim of this study was to assess the impact of such trials (and reviews) on hospital practice.* p<O-01.
Cholescintigraphic Abnormality in a Case of Kawasaki Syndrome
Authors: I ZANZI, M CUOMO PERPIGNANO, D MARGOULEFF, H AIGES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A 26-month-old girl with Kawasaki syndrome (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) is presented. Liver function studies were abnormal and sonographic examination revealed hydrops of the gallbladder. The Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy demonstrated both early and delayed nonvisualization of the gallbladder. A photopenic area was noted in and below the gallbladder fossa and there was medial and upward displacement of the common bile duct. It appears that Kawasaki syndrome may result In nonvisualization of the gallbladder by cholescintigraphy. Accordingly, this diagnosis should be added to the list of conditions associated with nonvisualization of the gallbladder by biliary scintigraphy.
Supporting primary care with ethics advice and education
Authors: E. Peile
Journal: BMJ (2001)

It would be a pity to miss an early opportunity to consider how to build clinical ethics support into the structure of the new primary care groupings in the United Kingdom. Neither standard ethical precepts nor guidelines from national bodies like the General Medical Council1 or the British Medical Association2 can cover all the intricacies and nuances of any given clinical situation. Best practice requires the interpretation and application of ethical principles in the local context, so primary care trusts will have to recognise, as acute trusts have started to do, that they have a responsibility to support clinicians and managers alike as ethical problems arise in their day to day work.

Primary care can draw on experience of clinical ethics support in secondary care, as well as on international experience, which is collated in a recent Nuffield Trust report on the subject3 and was the subject of a recent conference in London. Some 20 hospital trusts in the United Kingdom now have clinical ethics committees, which may help to bridge the interprofessional gap arising from different backgrounds in ethics approaches. Other trusts …
The Communion of Saints
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-455 Clinical Outcomes in the Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of In-Stent Restenosis with the XIENCE V Everolimus-Eluting Stent
Authors: Michael Lee, Tae Yang, Ehtisham Mahmud, Kyung Woo Park, Hyo-Soo Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, George Dangas, James Hermiller, Mitchell Krucoff, David Rutledge
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Internists’ Attitudes Toward Prevention of Firearm Injury
Authors: Renee Butkus, Arlene Weissman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Background: Professional organizations have called for the medical community's attention to the prevention of firearm injury. However, little is known about physicians' attitudes and practices in preventing firearm injury. Objective: To determine internists' attitudes and practices about firearms and to assess whether opinions differ according to whether there are gun owners in a physician's home. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Internal medicine practices. Participants: 573 internists representative of American College of Physicians' members. Measures: Respondents' experiences and reported practice behaviors related to firearms and their opinions about contributors and public policies related to firearm violence, as well as physician education and training in firearm safety. Results: The survey response rate was 56.5%. Eighty-five percent of respondents believed that firearm injury is a public health issue, and 71% believed that it is a bigger problem today than a decade ago. Seventy-six percent of respondents believed that stricter gun control legislation would help reduce the risks for gun-related injuries or deaths. Although 66% of respondents believed that physicians should have the right to counsel patients on preventing deaths and injuries from firearms, 58% reported never asking whether patients have guns in their homes. Limitations: The generalizability of these findings to non–American College of Physicians' member internists and other physicians is unknown. Responses may not reflect actual behavior. Conclusion: Most respondents believed that firearm-related violence is a public health issue and favored policy initiatives aimed at reducing it. Although most internists supported a physician's right to counsel patients about gun safety, few reported currently doing it. Primary Funding Source: None.
Defective fibrinolysis in Behcet's syndrome: significance and possible mechanisms.
Authors: R Aitchison, P Chu, D R Cater, R J Harris, R J Powell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Reduced fibrinolytic activity has frequently been reported in Behcet9s syndrome, but both the underlying mechanism and its relation to the development of thrombosis are unclear. The fibrinolytic activity was studied in seven patients with Behçet9s syndrome and 12 patients with idiopathic oral ulceration. The patients with Behçet9s disease had significantly reduced resting tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA) both by euglobulin fibrin plate lysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), but the tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor(t-PAI) was not significantly different from the control value. After stimulation by venous occlusion the euglobulin fibrin plate lysis results showed three good responders and four poor responders, but neither t-PA antigen nor t-PAI concentrations showed any clear difference between the two groups. Interestingly, three out of the four patients with a history of thrombosis were good responders. The group with oral ulceration showed no significant difference from the controls for any of these measurements. These findings suggest that the reduced resting fibrinolytic activity is usually due to decreased production of t-PA, but that the defective response to stimulation may be multifactorial in origin. The fibrinolytic abnormalities appear unrelated to the development of thrombosis.
Effect of famotidine on oesophageal sensitivity in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
Authors: J M Marrero, J S de Caestecker, J D Maxwell
Journal: Gut (1994)

Gastric acid suppression could improve heartburn by healing oesophagitis or by reduction of oesophageal sensitivity to acid. To independently assess changes in oesophageal sensitivity, it would be necessary to study patients with reflux disease but no oesophagitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acid suppression on oesophageal sensitivity and to assess the time course of any measured effect. Twenty seven patients were recruited, of whom 25 completed the study (14 men and 11 women, mean (SD) age 50 (15) years). All had classic symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux but normal results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and oesophageal mucosal histological tests. Each had abnormal 24 hour pH studies and a positive acid perfusion tests. Subjects were assigned double blind to placebo (n = 11) or famotidine 40 mg twice daily (n = 14) for four weeks. Acid perfusion tests were carried out at 0, 4, 5, and 8 weeks and time to heartburn recorded. Time to heartburn (mean (SEM)) was 124 (78) seconds in the famotidine and 187 (154) in the placebo group at week 0 (NS). Compared with baseline, significant increases in time to heartburn was found with famotidine at weeks 4 (383 (102), p &lt; 0.01) and 5 (344 (92), p &lt; 0.01) but not week 8 (336 (90) seconds). No significant effects were found with placebo (219 (41), 146 (23), and 144 (25) seconds for weeks 4, 5, and 8). Heartburn symptom score decreased significantly with famotidine (mean scores 3.6, 1.9, 2.1, and 2.6 at weeks 0, 4, 5, and 8 (p=0.001)) and showed a significant negative correlation with time to heartburn (r(s)=-0.60; p&lt;0.0001). It is concluded that oesophageal sensitivity to acid is reduced by famotidine independent of and effect on oesophagitis; the effect wanes one to four weeks after the end of treatment and correlates with change in heartburn score.
Comments on "Drinking water arsenic in Utah: a cohort mortality study".
Authors: C Villanueva, M Kogevinas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

ConclusionsThe letter written by Heinze (1) has seri- ous shortcomings.Heinze wrote that There is not a single study of healthy men from any fertility center or sperm bank that has reported a decline in sperm counts in the United States.This is not true.A number of such studies exist.Leto and Frensilli (2) documented a decline in sperm counts in potential sperm donors from all over the United States in a longitudinal study.Heinze stated thatA study by MacLeod and Wang (3) indicates that sperm counts have remained constant in New York since 1938.That study was dated 1979 and was on men ascertained at a fertility center.Although their sperm counts were stable over the years preceding 1979, it does not necessarily follow that sperm counts of fertile men were stable too.
What Should Be Done Now That National Health System Reform Is Dead?
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1995)

The demise of the movement toward major federal health system reform legislation leaves us facing two stark realities. First, many of the widely recognized problems of our health care system will remain with us. Second, the failure of our political system, after 2 years of public and legislative debate, to enact any version of comprehensive legislation suggests it is unlikely to do so in the near future. This legislative impasse has major implications for what will happen in the years ahead. See also p 242. We highlight briefly the problems we expect to persist as a result of the national failure to develop comprehensive reform. We then suggest alternative strategies for incremental reform, distinguishing between those issues easily and those not so easily resolved in our emerging political environment. We can expect in the near term the following: The number of Americans without health insurance will remain high. Just last
Morphologic Discordance in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Abdelsalam H. Ragab, William M. Crist
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

IN acute leukemia, as the following report illustrates, more than one bone-marrow aspiration may be necessary for diagnosis. A 3 1/2-year-old boy (S.L.C.H. 90921) was seen by a physician in April, ...
Effect of Nicotinic acid/Laropiprant in the lipoprotein(a) concentration with regard to baseline lipoprotein(a) concentration and LPA genotype
Authors: Ana Cenarro, José Puzo, Juan Ferrando, Rocío Mateo-Gallego, Ana M. Bea, Pilar Calmarza, Estíbaliz Jarauta, Fernando Civeira
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Thrombospondin peptides are potent inhibitors of mesangial and glomerular endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Christian P.M. Hugo, Raimund P. Pichler, Eckhard Schulze-Lohoff, Felicitas Pröls, Stephen Adler, Henry C. Krutsch, Joanne E. Murphy-Ullrich, William G. Couser, David D. Roberts, Richard J. Johnson
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Anthony Harrie William Babington
Authors: P. Babington
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Rhyl (b 1913; q The London Hospital 1940), d 6 November 2002.

Tony joined the Royal Air Force as medical officer to RAF Fighter Squadron. He went into practice in Rhyl, north Wales, doing orthopaedics and surgery before the start of the NHS. He later joined the artificial limb service at Roehampton and Portsmouth. Tony loved fishing and sailing on the Solent. He leaves a wife, Pauline; a son; and two grandsons.
Single-Cell Analysis of T-Cell Receptor Repertoire of HTLV-1 Tax-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells in Allogeneic Transplant Recipients with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Yukie Tanaka, Hideki Nakasone, Rie Yamazaki, Ken Sato, Miki Sato, Kiriko Terasako, Shun-ichi Kimura, Shinya Okuda, Shinichi Kako, Kumi Oshima, Aki Tanihara, Junji Nishida, Toshiaki Yoshikawa, Tetsuya Nakatsura, Haruo Sugiyama, Yoshinobu Kanda
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Recently, it has been shown that allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective treatment for ATL, and that HTLV-1 Tax-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells (CTL) contribute to the graft-versus-ATL effect. In the present study, we, for the first time, analyzed the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of isolated Tax(301-309) (SFHSLHLLF)-specific CTLs in HLA-A*2402(+) ATL patients before and after allo-HSCT by single-cell reverse transcription-PCR. The Tax(301-309)-specific CTLs in bone marrow and peripheral blood showed highly restricted oligoclonal diversity. In addition, a unique conserved amino acid motif of "P-D/P-R" in TCR-beta complementarity-determining region 3 in either BV7- or BV18-expressing CTLs was observed not only in all of the samples from ATL patients, but also in samples from the same patient before and after HSCT. Furthermore, the P-D/P-R motif-bearing CTL clones established from peripheral blood samples after HSCT exhibited strong killing activity against the HTLV-1-infected T cells of the patient. CTL clones were not established in vitro from samples prior to allo-HSCT. In addition, CTL clones with a strong killing activity were enriched in vivo after HSCT in the patient. Hence, Tax(301-309)-specific CTLs in ATL patients might have a preference for TCR construction and induce strong immune responses against the HTLV-1-infected T cells of patients, which contribute to the graft-versus-ATL effects after allo-HSCT. However, further analyses with a larger number of patients and more frequent sampling after allo-HSCT is required to confirm these findings.
Sex Chromatin Screening of Female Athletes-Reply
Authors: Albert de la Chapelle
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Soon after my article appeared in<i>JAMA</i>, a number of newspapers carried an interview with Dr Robert O. Voy of the US Olympic Committee in which he defended the sex chromatin screening procedure. He was quoted as saying that sex chromatin is only the first screening used and that he knows of no inaccurate results after a full examination (<i>Champaign-Urbana News Gazette</i>, Oct 10, 1986, p B5).
Sports utility vehicles and older pedestrians
Authors: David R J Jarrett
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Simms and O'Neill warn of increasing death and injury from sports utility vehicles (SUVs) and conclude that consumers should be warned of potential risk to pedestrians through notices on these vehicles. This solution fails to consider the psychology of SUV drivers, most of whom do not need four wheel drive off-road capability. There are few hill farms in Chelsea. Ownership of such a vehicle represents the conspicuous display of wealth and a deliberate attempt to look down on, both physically and metaphorically, poorer, less important people such as public transport users and pedestrians. In the United States to drive an SUV is seen as a fundamental freedom like the other lethal freedom, gun ownership. Some have tried to curb use by invoking other belief systems: WWJD What would Jesus drive?
616 EFFECT OF RIBAVIRIN ON THE FREQUENCY OF RNASE L CLEAVAGE SITES WITHIN THE HEPATITIS C VIRAL GENOME
Authors: U. Mihm, W.P. Hofmann, C. Welsch, A. Polta, C. Sarrazin, T. Lengauer, S. Zeuzem, E. Herrmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Strokes after intravenous gamma globulin: Thrombotic phenomenon in patients with risk factors or just coincidence?
Authors: Doru T. Alexandrescu, Janice P. Dutcher, John T. Hughes, Jerry Kaplan, Peter H. Wiernik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

We report the case of an 82-year-old woman with a diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) for more than 10 years, who developed an ischemic stroke during infusion of immunoglobulin (IVIG). She had received IVIG intermittently for several years, and the previous 86 doses were well tolerated. Thromboembolism was suspected based on magnetic resonance angiogram and on further extension of the deficit after 4 days of evolution. Strokes were associated with the use of IVIG in different clinical circumstances. Pre-existing thrombogenic risk factors should be carefully considered for patients undergoing treatment with IVIG. Clinical evaluation, with attention to history, a focused vascular work-up, and looking for markers of dehydration, can identify the high-risk patient for whom a careful analysis of the risk/benefit ratio is warranted. Am. J. Hematol. 78:216–220, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
1,1-Bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(<b> <i>p</i> </b>-substitutedphenyl)methanes Induce Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ-Mediated Growth Inhibition, Transactivation, and Differentiation Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Sudhakar Chintharlapalli, Roger Smith, Ismael Samudio, Wei Zhang, Stephen Safe
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract 1,1-Bis(3′indolyl)-1–(p-substitutedphenyl)methanes containing p-trifluoromethyl (DIM-C-pPhCF3), p-t-butyl (DIM-C-pPhtBu), and p-phenyl (DIM-C-pPhC6H5) groups induce peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)-mediated transactivation in HT-29, HCT-15, RKO, and SW480 colon cancer cell lines. Rosiglitazone also induces transactivation in these cell lines and inhibited growth of HT-29 cells, which express wild-type PPARγ but not HCT-15 cells, which express mutant (K422Q) PPARγ. In contrast, DIM-C-pPhCF3, DIM-C-pPhtBu, and DIM-C-pPhC6H5 inhibited growth of both HT-29 and HCT-15 cells with IC50 values ranging from 1 to 10 μmol/L. Rosiglitazone and diindolylmethane (DIM) analogues did not affect expression of cyclin D1, p21, or p27 protein levels or apoptosis in HCT-15 or HT-29 cells but induced keratin 18 in both cell lines. However, rosiglitazone induced caveolins 1 and 2 in HT-29 but not HCT-15 cells, whereas these differentiation markers were induced by DIM-C-pPhCF3 and DIM-C-pPhC6H5 in both cell lines. Because overexpression of caveolin 1 is known to suppress colon cancer cell and tumor growth, the growth inhibitory effects of rosiglitazone and the DIM compounds are associated with PPARγ-dependent induction of caveolins.
Misunderstanding the meaning of resilience
Authors: C. Livingstone
Journal: BMJ (2015)

McCartney’s views on resilience training as advocated by the new head of the General Medical Council, Terence Stephenson, show that she misunderstands the purpose of resilience and resilience training.1 As a member of the Army Reserve and of my NHS trust’s resilience committee, I am disturbed by this misunderstanding—it is particularly poignant …
TGF-β–dependent suppressive function of Tregs requires wild-type levels of CD18 in a mouse model of psoriasis
Authors: Honglin Wang, Thorsten Peters, Anca Sindrilaru, Daniel Kess, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Xue-Zhong Yu, Anne Maria Seier, Heike Schreiber, Meinhard Wlaschek, Robert Blakytny, Jan Röhrbein, Guido Schulz, Johannes M. Weiss, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Dysfunctional Tregs have been identified in individuals with psoriasis. However, their role in the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear. Here we explored the effect of diminished CD18 (beta2 integrin) expression on the function of CD4+CD25+CD127(-) Tregs using the Cd18 hypomorphic (Cd18hypo) PL/J mouse model of psoriasis that closely resembles the human disease. We found that reduced CD18 expression impaired cell-cell contact between Tregs and DCs. This led to dysfunctional Tregs, which both failed to suppress the pathogenic T cells and promoted the onset and severity of the disease. This failure was TGF-beta-dependent, as Tregs derived from Cd18hypo PL/J mice had diminished TGF-beta1 expression. Adoptive transfer of Tregs expressing wild-type levels of CD18 into affected Cd18hypo PL/J mice resulted in a substantial improvement of the psoriasiform skin disease, which did not occur upon coinjection of the cells with TGF-beta-specific neutralizing antibody. Our data indicate a primary dysfunction of Cd18hypo Tregs, allowing subsequent hyperproliferation of pathogenic T cells in the Cd18hypo PL/J mouse model of psoriasis. This study may provide a step forward in our understanding of the unique role of CD18 expression levels in avoiding autoimmunity.