tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Kv4.3 Current by KChIP2 Splice Variants
Authors: Isabelle Deschênes, Deborah DiSilvestre, George J. Juang, Richard C. Wu, W. Frank An, Gordon F. Tomaselli
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — The transient outward potassium current ( I to ) encoded by the Kv4 family of potassium channels is important in the repolarization of cardiac myocytes. KChIPs are a recently identified group of Ca 2+ -binding accessory subunits that modulate Kv4-encoded currents. KChIP2 is the only family member expressed in the heart. Methods and Results — We previously cloned 2 novel splice variants of KChIP2 from human heart, named KChIP2S and KChIP2T. The transmural distribution of KChIP2 mRNA and protein in human and canine left ventricle was examined using kinetic RT-PCR and Western blots in the same tissues. A steep gradient of mRNA with greater KChIP2 expression in the epicardium was observed. However, no gradient of immunoreactive protein was observed. Immunocytochemistry reveals KChIP2 expression in the t-tubules and the nucleus. The predominant effects of all 3 KChIP2 splice variants on hKv4.3-encoded current are to increase the density, slow the current decay in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner, and hasten recovery from inactivation in a splice variant–specific fashion. Conclusions — A family of KChIP2 proteins is expressed in human hearts that exhibits differential modulation of hKv4.3 current in a Ca 2+ -dependent fashion. The effect of KChIP2 on the biophysical properties of expressed Kv4.3 current and the absence of a gradient of protein across the ventricular wall suggest that KChIP2 is either not a requisite component of human or canine ventricular I to or that its functional effect is being affected or additionally modified by other factors present in myocardial cells.
Vaccinated: One Man’s Quest to Defeat the World’s Deadliest Diseases
Authors: Mark K. Slifka, Ian J. Amanna
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fundamentals of Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Jesus A. Bianco
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>Principles and Practice of Nuclear Medicine, by Paul J. Early and D. Bruce Sodee, 983 pp, 388 illus, $59.95, St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1985.</h3> The editors of<i>Fundamentals of Nuclear Medicine</i>had a distinguished panel of contributors to plan the contents of this publication of the Society of Nuclear Medicine. Medical students and physicians are its targeted audience. The introductory chapters deal with radiation and dose, radiation effects, imaging of radioactivity, radiopharmaceuticals, and sensitivity-specificity of diagnostic tests. A chapter on the thyroid gland discusses thyroid uptake and the use of images in the diagnosis of disorders. Cardiovascular nuclear medicine is considered in terms of the gated cardiac study, shunt evaluations, thallium Tl 201 imaging of myocardial perfusion (including single photon computed tomography), and myocardial infarct imaging. The chapter on lung scanning provides a minimal amount of information on pulmonary emboli. The coverage of gastrointestinal nuclear medicine is comprehensive, as
The Association Between Hepatic Fat Content and Liver Injury in Obese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Nicola Santoro, Ariel E. Feldstein, Erik Enoksson, Bridget Pierpont, Romy Kursawe, Grace Kim, Sonia Caprio
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are highly prevalent in obese youth. Herein, we aimed to study the association between hepatic fat accumulation as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and circulating levels of cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) fragments, a robust NASH biomarker, and to explore the impact on this association of ethnicity, insulin resistance, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with steatosis (rs738409 in the PNPLA3, rs1260326 in the GCKR) or NASH severity (rs2645424 in the FDFT1).Two-hundred twenty-nine obese youths (87 Caucasians, 61 African Americans, and 81 Hispanics; mean age, 12.8 ± 2.9 years; mean BMI, 31.4 ± 7.4) underwent magnetic resonance imaging, oral glucose tolerance test, and CK-18 levels measurement; 12 subjects underwent liver biopsy.African Americans showed lower CK-18 levels than Hispanics (P < 0.001) and Caucasians (P = 0.004). Hepatic fat content (HFF%) and whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) modulated CK-18 levels in Caucasians and Hispanics (P = 0.02 and P = 0.011), but not in African Americans; in fact, CK-18 was associated with HFF% and WBISI in Caucasians (P = 0.0018 and P < 0.0001) and Hispanics (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.02), but not in African Americans (both P = 0.5). The PNPLA3 SNP showed association in Caucasians (P = 0.02) and Hispanics (P = 0.05), and FDFT1 SNP showed an association in Caucasians (P = 0.05) and Hispanics (P = 0.02), with the same trend in African Americans (P = 0.07).African Americans have lower levels of CK-18 than Caucasians and Hispanics irrespective of HFF% and insulin resistance. Moreover, SNPs in the PNPLA3 and FDFT1 may drive the individual predisposition to development of hepatic injury.
Coalition Seeks Drop in Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ALTHOUGH great progress has been made in the United States during the past two decades in detecting and treating hypertension and, as a result, reducing the disorders associated with it, more remains to be done. In an effort to reduce the impact of hypertension even further a new group, the Coalition for Hypertension Education and Control, has been formed. The ultimate goal is not just improved control but disease prevention. The new organization, introduced at a press conference in Washington, DC, is composed of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officers, National Medical Association, and National Council on the Aging. Two manufacturers of antihypertensive drugs, Lederle Laboratories, Wayne, NJ, and Procter &amp; Gamble, Cincinati, Ohio, have also joined the coalition. In addition, the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, support the goals of the coalition. <h3>Evidence Led</h3>
Healthy Employees in Kitchen and Dining-Room
Authors: George Homan
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, April 26, p. 1310, appears a news item headed "Waiters Must Be Healthy," which mentions the safeguards against communicable diseases enforced by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company among its employees in dining-car and restaurant service. This is so fully in line with what I have been urging in St. Louis for a number of years that I desire to enlarge somewhat on the topic, as it is of immediate hygienic concern to every person who eats in public or semipublic places, as dining-cars, clubs, hotels and restaurants. Several years ago a movement was begun here for the formation of a local club, the declared purpose of which was the advancement of wholesome civic conditions, general and special. On joining the club I conceived the occasion opportune to address a letter to its president, calling attention to the importance of starting right and with clean hands
Increased exercise level and plasma lipoprotein concentrations: A one-year, randomized, controlled study in sedentary, middle-aged men
Authors: Peter D. Wood, William L. Haskell, Steven N. Blair, Paul T. Williams, Ronald M. Krauss, Frank T. Lindgren, John J. Albers, Ping H. Ho, John W. Farquhar
Journal: Metabolism (1983)
PHProteomicDB: A Module for Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Database Creation on Personal Web Sites
Authors: Pascal Pernet, Arnaud Bruneel, Bruno Baudin, Michel Vaubourdolle
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

PHProteomicDB is a PHP-written module to help researchers in proteomics to share two-dimensional electrophoresis gel data using personal web sites. No technical or PHP knowledge is necessary except a few basics about web site management. PHProteomicDB has a user-friendly administration interface to enter and update data. It creates web pages on the fly displaying gel characteristics, gel pictures, and numbered gel spots with their related identifications pointing to their reference pages in protein databanks. The module is freely available at http://www.huvec.com/index.php3?rub=Download.
533 INCREASED PLATELET REACTIVE OXIGEN SPECIES (ROS) PRODUCTION IN EXPERIMENTAL CIRRHOSIS
Authors: P.A. Romecin, J.E. Millán, A.B. Meseguer, M.C. Ortiz, F. Gragnolini, E.M. García, N. Atucha, J. García-Estañn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Transolfactory spread of virus in herpes simplex encephalitis.
Authors: J J Dinn
Journal: BMJ (1980)

<b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in rheumatology practice at the beginning of the anti-TNF (tumour necrosis factor) era, and to evaluate the initiation of anti-TNF therapy in a clinical setting where prescription is regulated by the authority’s imposed reimbursement criteria. <b>Methods:</b> Between February 2004 and February 2005, all Belgian rheumatologists in academic and non-academic outpatient settings were invited to register all AS patients who visited their practice. A random sample of these patients was further examined by an in-depth clinical profile. In a follow-up investigation, we recorded whether patients initiated anti-TNF therapy and compared this to their eligibility at baseline evaluation. <b>Results:</b> 89 rheumatologists participated and registered 2141 patients; 1023 patients were clinically evaluated. These 847 fulfilled the New York modified criteria for definite AS and 176 for probable AS. The profile of AS in rheumatology practice is characterised by longstanding and active disease with a high frequency of extra-articular manifestations and metrological and functional impairment. At a median of 2 months after the clinical evaluation, anti-TNF therapy was initiated in 263 of 603 (44%) evaluable patients with definite AS and in 22 of 138 (16%) evaluable patients with probable AS (total 38%). More than 85% of the patients who started anti-TNF therapy had an increased Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index despite previous NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) use. <b>Conclusions:</b> Of a representative cohort of 1023 Belgian AS patients seen in daily rheumatology practice, about 40% commenced anti-TNF therapy. Decision factors to start anti-TNF therapy may include disease activity and severity.
Patient 3: 19-year-old man with acute knee pain and swelling and a 2-year history of recurrent similar symptoms
Authors: A-L Cheng, C King, R Lloyd-Smith, G Andrews, B B Forster
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

See page 950 for the question. 

### Diagnosis

Patellar dislocation.

The plain radiographs demonstrate a small fragment of bone adjacent to the lateral femoral condyle on both the skyline and the anterior–posterior (AP) radiographs (fig 3, showing the fragment on the skyline view). On the skyline view there is also an osteochondral defect near the junction of the patellar apex and the lateral facet (arrow). The MRI images (fig 4a) show marrow oedema in the medial and inferior patella and in the lateral femoral condyle. There is oedema in the soft tissues adjacent to the medial patellar retinaculum, and the medial patellar retinaculum is wavy and less well visualised than normal (fig 4b). Findings are consistent with recent patellar dislocation.



Figure 3 
Skyline view of the patella. Arrow demonstrates osteochondral fragment (same as fig 1B with arrow).





Figure 4 
(A,B) MRI scan of the patient’s knee (axial proton density with fat saturation). (A) Same as fig 2a with arrows; (B) same as fig 2b with arrows.



The patient was started on a rehabilitation programme.

Acute patellar dislocation is a common injury, especially in the second to third decades of life.1 Patients who have an episode of patellar dislocation are often not conscious of the transient dislocation, making clinical diagnosis difficult. …
Human Rights as Critical as Condoms Against HIV
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

GETTING A HANDLE on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic is going to require more than traditional public health efforts.  Condoms, clinics, educational brochures, and blood supply protection programs are  Band-Aid over a deep wound, says Jonathan Mann, MD, director of the International AIDS Center at Harvard School of Public Health.  While useful and necessary, such measures are not enough. They fail to address directly or adequately take into account the societal dimension of vulnerability to HIV, says Mann, who spoke at the 10th International Conference on AIDS in Yokohama, Japan.  While such assertions have been made before, they are now bolstered by hard epidemiologic facts. The total number of HIV infections worldwide increased from 14 million to 17 million in the past year, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The global AIDS strategy developed 10 years ago is proving to be ineffective and has become  source
Naftidrofuryl and the nitrogen, carbohydrate, and lipid responses to moderate surgery.
Authors: J M Jackson, H T Khawaja, P C Weaver, S T Talbot, H A Lee
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The effect of twice daily infusions of 200 mg naftidrofuryl on the six day cumulative losses of urinary nitrogen after moderate surgery was studied in 32 patients maintained on an intravenous infusion of 4% dextrose and saline. A previous report of the ability of naftidrofuryl to reduce loss of nitrogen was not substantiated, although changes in metabolism in the immediate postoperative period suggested that the drug might exert some advantageous metabolic effect. Further investigations with other nutritional regimens are warranted.
The Role of Acetaminophen and Geohelminth Infection on the Incidence of Wheeze and Eczema
Authors: Alemayehu Amberbir, Girmay Medhin, Atalay Alem, John Britton, Gail Davey, Andrea Venn
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: Acetaminophen has been hypothesized to increase the risk of asthma and allergic disease, and geohelminth infection to reduce the risk, but evidence from longitudinal cohort studies is lacking.Objectives: To investigate the independent effects of these exposures on the incidence of wheeze and eczema in a birth cohort.Methods: In 2005–2006 a population-based cohort of 1,065 pregnant women from Butajira, Ethiopia, was established, to whom 1,006 live singleton babies were born. At ages 1 and 3, questionnaire data were collected on wheeze, eczema, child's use of acetaminophen, and various potential confounders, along with a stool sample for geohelminth analysis. Those without wheeze (n = 756) or eczema (n = 780) at age 1 were analyzed to determine the independent effects of geohelminth infection and acetaminophen use in the first year of life on the incidence of wheeze and eczema by age 3.Measurements and Main Results: Wheeze and eczema incidence between the ages of 1 and 3 were reported in 7.7% (58 of 756) and 7.3% (57 of 780) of children, respectively. Acetaminophen use was significantly associated with a dose-dependent increased risk of incident wheeze (adjusted odds ratio = 1.88 and 95% confidence interval 1.03–3.44 for one to three tablets and 7.25 and 2.02–25.95 for ≥4 tablets in the past month at age 1 vs. never), but not eczema. Geohelminth infection was insufficiently prevalent (<4%) to compute estimates of effect.Conclusions: These findings suggest frequent acetaminophen use early in life increases the risk of new-onset wheeze, whereas the role of geohelminth infection on allergic disease incidence remains to be seen as the cohort matures.
More women frontline healthcare workers would reduce maternal and child mortality
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Investing in more frontline women health workers could help save the lives of the millions of mothers and children across the developing world every year, says a report from Save the Children.

The State of the World’s Mothers 2010 report, which ranks 160 countries in terms of their maternal and child health indicators, points out that 99% of child and maternal deaths occur in developing countries “where mothers and children lack access to basic healthcare services.” Norway tops the ranking, and Afghanistan comes last.

The charity estimates that 250 000 women’s lives and 5.5 million children’s lives could be saved each year if all …
Myocardiopathy of Beer Drinkers: Subsequent Course
Authors: JAMES F. SULLIVAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The clinical course of 34 patients hospitalized with a myocardiopathy related to excessive consumption of beer containing cobalt is described. These patients are the survivors of a group of 60 with this type of disease. Twenty of the 34 patients appear to have regained normal cardiac status and have good exercise tolerance, normal-size heart, and minimal electrocardiographic abnormalities. Six of the 34 have had recurrent or chronic cardiac failure. Four patients appear to have neurologic and mental deterioration, and 2 of the 34 died suddenly at their homes; autopsy was not performed. In its clinical course this type of myocardiopathy seems to be distinct from the usual type that is associated with alcohol.
IMMUNOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF FOOT-PAD ISOLATES AS MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE BY LEPROMIN REACTIVITY IN LEPROSY PATIENTS
Authors: Charles C. Shepard, R. S. Guinto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Lepromin, a product containing Mycobacterium leprae from patients' tissues, fails to elicit skin reactions in lepromatous patients; this non-reactivity was utilized as a means of identifying the mycobacterium isolated in mouse foot-pads from leprosy patients. To do this a suspension of acid-fast bacilli prepared from mouse foot-pads infected with a typical isolate was compared to human lepromin. The isolate was in fourth passage, and the multiplication since first isolation had diluted the original inoculum to insignificant levels. Three preparations were tested: A, A foot-pad preparation containing 1.6 x 10(7) organisms/ml, B, lepromin diluted to the same bacillary content, and C, undiluted lepromin containing 4.2 x 10(7) organisms/ml. The reactions were compared in 34 lepromatous and 30 tuberculoid patients. All 34 lepromatous patients were negative in both early (Fernandez) and late (Mitsuda) reactions to all 3 antigens. In the tuberculoid patients the late reactions were positive in 66.7, 70.0 and 90.0 per cent to antigens A, B, and C, respectively. The size of the reactions to A and B were closely correlated in the individual patients. Experience in leprosy patients with suspensions prepared from 16 other mycobacterial cultures is reported or reviewed. None of them produced reactions that correlated with those of lepromin. Thus the lack of reactivity to lepromin of lepromatous patients appears to be a specific phenomenon. The results provide evidence that the foot-pad isolates and M. leprae are immunologically identical.
Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Coronary Disease and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction &gt;35%
Authors: Jonathan P. Piccini, Aijing Z. Starr, John R. Horton, Linda K. Shaw, Kerry L. Lee, Sana M. Al-Khatib, Ami E. Iskandrian, Christopher M. O'Connor, Salvador Borges-Neto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Fatty acid-binding protein: A major contributor to the ethanol-induced increase in liver cytosolic proteins in the rat
Authors: Jean-Pierre Pignon, Naila C. Bailey, Enrique Baraona, Charles S. Lieber
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

To study the acute and chronic effects of ethanol on hepatic fatty acid-binding protein, rats were pair-fed with liquid diets containing 36% of energy either as ethanol or as additional carbohydrate for 4 to 5 weeks. Animals were killed 90 min after intragastric administration of diets with or without ethanol. Alcohol feeding markedly increased liver triglycerides, with a modest rise in nonesterified fatty acids. Alcohol-fed rats developed hepatomegaly, with a 48% increase in hepatic cytosolic proteins. Fatty acid binding was first assessed by the kinetics of [14C]palmitate binding to cytosolic proteins. The maximal binding capacity more than doubled in the cytosol of the ethanol-fed rats compared to pair-fed controls, whereas the dissociation constant increased by 64%. Acute ethanol administration (3 gm per kg body weight) either to ethanol-fed or control rats did not have a significant effect. To identify the fatty acid-binding protein, labeled cytosolic proteins were fractionated by gel filtration: most of the cytosolic fatty acids eluted as a single peak in the 12,000 to 18,000 molecular weight region corresponding to the hepatic fatty acid-binding protein. The increase in this protein, confirmed by radial immunodiffusion (27.0 +/- 1.4 mg per 100 gm body weight vs. 11.2 +/- 1.6, in controls; p less than 0.01), accounted for 22% of the total rise in cytosolic protein induced by chronic ethanol feeding.
Predictors of atopy in newborn babies
Authors: H. Odelram, B. Björkstén, E. Leander, N.‐I.M. Kjellman
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The capacity of laboratory tests and clinical signs to predict allergic manifestations up to 18 months of age was assessed in 129 newborn babies, most of whom had family members with atopic disease. The parameters assessed included family history; skin dryness; erythema toxicum; skin reactivity to histamine and IgE levels; eosinophil counts; and peripheral white blood cell, leukocyte diflferential, and platelet counts in cord blood (CB). Erythema toxicum and white blood cell and platelet counts were of no value as predictors of allergy. The sensitivity of family history, skin dryness, and sensitivity to histamine, as well as IgE levels and eosinophil counts, varied 25–79% and the specificity 40–74%. The efficiency was never higher than 58%. Logistic regression, applied in order to evaluate the joint predictive power of the five parameters, showed a P value of &lt;0.001. The estimated probability for atopy before 18 months of age was 0.33 for neonates with normal skin texture, a CB IgE of less than 0.5 kU/l, and a history of fewer than two family members with atopy. The probability increased to 0.89 for babies with a dry skin, a history of two or more atopic family members, and a CB IgE of ≥0.5 kU/1. In conclusion, not one parameter nor any combination of them seems suitable for general screening. However, a combination of family history and CB IgE and skin assessment may be used to identify babies at high risk of allergy for participation in prevention studies.