tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of food-borne disease outbreaks in the French armed forces: A review of investigations conducted from 1999 to 2009
Authors: A. Mayet, G. Manet, C. Decam, D. Morisson, G. Bédubourg, V. Pommier de Santi, J.-B. Meynard, G. Bornert, X. Deparis, R. Migliani
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
EULAR Standing Committee on International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT)
Authors: P van Riel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

The EULAR standing Committee on International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials has over 10 working groups covering all areas in the field of rheumatology. As it is impossible to give you in this short overview all the achievements of the past year I kindly invite you to have a look at our newsletter, which was published two to three times a year during the past three years and …
STUDIES ON THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF URIC ACID IN ANIMALS
Authors: JAY F. SCHAMBERG
Journal: JAMA (1923)

In the course of an investigation<sup>1</sup>on the significance of an excess of uric acid in the blood in various dermatoses, we endeavored to determine whether it was possible to produce any disturbance of the skin in animals by the intravenous injection of large amounts of uric acid. Uric acid injections in man<sup>2</sup>had served only to illustrate, by its rapid elimination, the regulatory and protective power of the human organism. However, comparatively small amounts were injected and it was thought, in our work, that by using animals enormous quantities could be injected and some skin eruption might conceivably be evoked. A 1 per cent, solution of uric acid in 0.44 per cent. lithium carbonate was used in all our experiments. The uric acid was determined by the method of Folin and Wu.<i>3</i> A number of albino rats, each weighing 115 gm., were selected. The normal blood
Air Quality and Exercise-Related Health Benefits from Reduced Car Travel in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Maggie L. Grabow, Scott N. Spak, Tracey Holloway, Brian Stone, Adam C. Mednick, Jonathan A. Patz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Automobile exhaust contains precursors to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5), posing health risks. Dependency on car commuting also reduces physical fitness opportunities.In this study we sought to quantify benefits from reducing automobile usage for short urban and suburban trips.We simulated census-tract level changes in hourly pollutant concentrations from the elimination of automobile round trips ≤ 8 km in 11 metropolitan areas in the upper midwestern United States using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Next, we estimated annual changes in health outcomes and monetary costs expected from pollution changes using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Benefits Mapping Analysis Program (BenMAP). In addition, we used the World Health Organization Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) to calculate benefits of increased physical activity if 50% of short trips were made by bicycle.We estimate that, by eliminating these short automobile trips, annual average urban PM2.5 would decline by 0.1 µg/m3 and that summer ozone (O3) would increase slightly in cities but decline regionally, resulting in net health benefits of $4.94 billion/year [95% confidence interval (CI): $0.2 billion, $13.5 billion), with 25% of PM2.5 and most O3 benefits to populations outside metropolitan areas. Across the study region of approximately 31.3 million people and 37,000 total square miles, mortality would decline by approximately 1,295 deaths/year (95% CI: 912, 1,636) because of improved air quality and increased exercise. Making 50% of short trips by bicycle would yield savings of approximately $3.8 billion/year from avoided mortality and reduced health care costs (95% CI: $2.7 billion, $5.0 billion]. We estimate that the combined benefits of improved air quality and physical fitness would exceed $8 billion/year.Our findings suggest that significant health and economic benefits are possible if bicycling replaces short car trips. Less dependence on automobiles in urban areas would also improve health in downwind rural settings.
Nutrition and Policy. 5: Who Should Teach Patients about Nutrition?
Authors: Aaron Levin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Currents17 August 1999Nutrition and Policy. 5: Who Should Teach Patients about Nutrition?Aaron LevinAaron LevinSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-4-199908170-00101 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail At a recent Continuing Medical Education (CME) meeting on preventive medicine, the obligatory continental breakfast consisted of bagels and cream cheese, butter-laden pastries, and half-and-half for the coffee. Lunch featured chicken covered with melted cheese, followed by a slab of cheesecake for dessert.The physicians and nurses at the meeting were not struck by the contradiction between the subject matter and the meals. Even this group could not escape what Marion Nestle, PhD, MPH, professor of food and nutrition studies at New York University, calls “a very difficult food environment” in the United States.The essential recipe for eating right ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBody weight perception and weight loss practices among Sri Lankan adultsFood consumption of Sri Lankan adults: an appraisal of serving characteristics 17 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 4Page: 317-318KeywordsCholesterolCoffeeDietEatingFatsFoodMedical educationMilkNutritionSalts Issue Published: 17 August 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Health and Medical Aspects of Disaster Preparedness
Authors: Paul S. Auerbach
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The world can be unsettled by natural and man-made events of catastrophic magnitude, and thus physicians must be prepared to participate in the management of disasters. The modern medical response has proved decisive in circumstances where it has been enacted with precision, but it is widely recognized that many populations have suffered inexorably in the face of an inadequate response to cataclysmic events. This book is a compilation of topical essays, the proceedings of a four-year international pilot study on the health and medical aspects of disaster preparedness sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. For the most part, the contributors write authoritatively in areas for which they have earned distinguished reputations. However, this is not always the case, and the book suffers from the shortcomings and overlap generated by a light editorial hand. Reading the book cover to cover, one is able to glean enough conceptual theory to develop
SENSITIVITY OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT ASPIRATE BIOPSY FOR DETECTION OF SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS IN CARDIAC BIOPSY-PROVEN TRANSTHYRETIN CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Nowell Mark Fine, Adelaide Olson, Steven Zeldenrust, Fletcher Miller, Suzette Bielinski, Kyle Klarich, Angela Dispenzieri, Christopher Scott, Martha Grogan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Endoscopic injection of alcohol for bleeding from gastroduodenal vascular anomalies.
Authors: J D Rose
Journal: BMJ (1987)

7 malades presentant des hemorragies dues a des anomalies vasculaires gastro-duodenales sont traites par injections endoscopiques d'alcool absolu (entre 9 fois et 2 fois). 6 des 7 malades ont ete exempts de saignement pendant 4 a 11 mois
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS OF TOP JUNIOR RUGBY UNION COACHES TOWARDS TRAINING THE TACKLE
Authors: S Hendricks, S Martin, L Micheal
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Coaching strategies for effective technique and injury prevention have been proposed for the tackle. Despite this, little is known about current knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of coaches towards proper contact technique when training the tackle. Objective Report on coaches' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards coaching the tackle. Design Questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale for importance (attitude), quantity (behaviour) and injury risk (knowledge). Field-training sessions were observed during the first 4 weeks of the season. Setting High school rugby coaches and their respective training sessions. Participants Top 8 junior rugby coaches in the Western Cape, South Africa. Risk factor assessment Two sources: (i) from the questionnaire; importance of safety and performance, methods used to train the tackle, resources used to develop coaching knowledge and factors influencing their coaching, (ii) from observing training; number of tackle training sessions, time spent training the tackle, design of tackle training drill, equipment used, instruction and emphasis communicated to players. Main outcome measurements Knowledge, attitudes, reported behaviours when training proper contact techniques, and observed behaviours for tackle training. Results Coaches noted the tackle event as a high-risk phase of play (mean risk rating for tackling=3.8, 95% CI 3.3–4.4; ball into contact=3.6, 95% CI 2.6–4.6). Proper contact technique was rated as important and very important for both safety and performance. Of the 96 training sessions observed, 16% (n=15) included tackle training. Conclusions The coaches in this study were aware that the tackle is a high-risk phase of play, and that coaching proper technique is important for tackling and taking the ball into contact. A positive attitude was shown towards the importance of proper technique in reducing the risk of injury and improving performance. Details on actual tackle training behaviours were revealed, however, it is difficult at this stage to establish whether this is sufficient for match preparation.
The Assessment of Pneumococcal Vaccine
Authors: Robert Austrain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Because of the morbidity and mortality associated with pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media, and because pneumococci that were resistant to one or more antimicrobial drugs had been isolated from infected patients, a vaccine containing the capsular polysaccharides of the 14 types most often responsible for pneumococcal infection was licensed in 1977. The vaccine was recommended for persons at high risk of death from such infections — a group similar to the group at risk from influenza and its complications. Before the vaccine was released, its safety was established and its antigenicity studied in healthy young adults and in small . . .
An Approach to Teaching the Introduction to Clinical Medicine
Authors: JOCHANAN BENBASSAT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

An approach to teaching the introduction of clinical medicine to medical students is described. It is based on (A) gradual exposure to patients and step-by-step introduction to the objectives and techniques of history taking, with emphasis on training for symptom identification; (B) early exposure to the problem-oriented approach; (C) early diagnostic hypothesis generation; and (D) self-directed learning. The objectives of the proposed approach are to teach students to communicate with patients, to teach the skills of history taking and physical examination, and to introduce the problem-solving strategies that characterize the diagnostic reasoning of experienced physicians.
William Francis Channing (1820–1901)
Authors: S. Gerald Sandler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IT may seem surprising that a physician should be the inventor of the electric fire-alarm system, but to William Francis Channing, Boston physician and inventor of the first municipal fire-alarm system, the design was merely the application of fundamentals of "individual protection" that are found throughout nature. The invention of the telegraph in 1844 had stimulated widespread interest, and many persons were interested by the semblance of the new electric systems to those of the human nervous system. As a physician, Channing was particularly fascinated by the seemingly analogous relation between electric wires and nerves of the human body:The . . .
Nanoparticle formulation of ormeloxifene for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sheema Khan, Neeraj Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu, Mara C. Ebeling, Swathi Balakrishna, Robert T. Ellis, Paul A. Thompson, Pavan Balabathula, Stephen W. Behrman, Nadeem Zafar, Man M. Singh, Fathi T. Halaweish, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: DONATO ALARCÓN-SEGOVIA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1978Progressive Systemic SclerosisDONATO ALARCÓN-SEGOVIA, M.D., F.A.C.P.DONATO ALARCÓN-SEGOVIA, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-5-720 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Data in a recent article on Sjögren's syndrome in scleroderma by Cipoletti and associates (Ann Intern Med87:535-541, 1977) apparently differ enough from ours (1) to cite us in the abstract, and to have been, to a certain extent, the article's raison d' étrè. Explanation of the differences resides in the scope of each study, in inadequate analysis of our data by the authors, and in the interpretation of our respective results. In contradistinction to the Cipoletti study, which is limited to clinical data and lip biopsies, our study included three more sensitive tests of salivary-gland involvement...References1. ALARCÓN-SEGOVIAIBÁÑEZHERNÁNDEZ-ORTÍZVELÁZQUEZ-FOREROGONZÁLEZ-JIMÉNEZ DGJFY: Sjögren's syndrome in progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Am J Med 57:78-85, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ALARCÓN-SEGOVIAIBÁÑEZVELÁZQUEZ-FOREROHERNÁNDEZ-ORTÍZGONZÁLEZ-JIMÉNEZ DGFJY: Sjögren's syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical and subclinical manifestations. Ann Intern Med 81:577-582, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar3. WHALEYWILLIAMSONCHISHOLMWEBBMASONBUCHANAN KJDJDW: Sjögren's syndrome. I. Sicca components. Q J Med NS 42:279-304, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. FEISSINGERBLANCHET-BARDONDROUILLAT JCJ: Rapports entre la sclerodermie et le syndrome de Sjögren. Intéret de la biosie systématique des glandes salivaires labiales. Nouv Presse Med 4:3177-3180, 1975 MedlineGoogle Scholar1. RODNANMEDSGERBUCKINGHAM GTR: Progressive systemic sclerosis-CREST syndrome: observations on natural history and late complications in 90 patients (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 18:423, 1975 Google Scholar2. FRAYHASCAROLASHULMAN RJL: Calcinosis in scleroderma: a re-evaluation of the CRST syndrome (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 16:542, 1973 Google Scholar1. RODNANMEDSGERBUCKINGHAM GTR: Progressive systemic sclerosis-CREST syndrome: observations on natural history and late complications in 90 patients (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 18:423, 1975 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DONATO ALARCÓN-SEGOVIA, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición México 22, D.F. México PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySynthesis of Thioesters and Thiolactones 1 May 1978Volume 88, Issue 5Page: 720-721KeywordsBiopsyScleroderma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Apoptosis of human macrophages by Flt-4 signaling: Implications for atherosclerotic plaque pathology
Authors: A SCHMEISSER, M CHRISTOPH, A AUGSTEIN, R MARQUETANT, M KASPER, R BRAUNDULLAEUS, R STRASSER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Neointimal inflammation and angiogenesis are important contributors of progression and destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. While the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors VEGF-R1 (Flt-1) and VEGF-R2 (Flk-1) in this process has clearly been defined, expression of the VEGF-R3 (Flt-4) has only been documented on lymphatic and tumor endothelium. This study examined Flt-4 expression in human atherosclerotic plaque and explored its implications for atherosclerotic disease.Carotid artery thrombendartherectomy specimens from 10 patients with unstable plaque were stained for Flt-4 and its specific growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) stained positive for VEGF-C and -D, but not for Flt-4. Interestingly, macrophages within inflammatory perivascular regions coexpressed Flt-4, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. In vitro studies confirmed the expression of Flt-4, VEGF-C and VEGF-D in human monocytes and cultured macrophages. Treatment of macrophages with VEGF-D induced apoptosis as determined by annexin V staining, by immunoblotting of activated caspase 3, and by the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax as well as by DNA fragmentation. Immunohistochemical studies of advanced human carotid atherosclerotic plaque confirmed the coexpression of Flt-4 with activated caspase 3 and TUNEL staining in macrophages, indicating an ongoing apoptotic process.Human monocytes/macrophages express VEGF-C and -D and their receptor Flt-4 in vitro and in vivo within advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Flt-4, in turn, mediates monocyte/macrophage apoptosis and may this way alter plaque stability.
Expression of retinoic acid, triiodothyronine, and glucocorticoid hormone nuclear receptors is decreased in the liver of rats fed a hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet
Authors: Catherine Noel-Suberville, Véronique Pallet, Isabelle Audouin-Chevallier, Paul Higueret, Stéphane Bonilla, Alfredo J. Martinez, Maria A. Zulet, Maria P. Portillo, Henri Garcin
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
A histological and immunocytochemical study of early acne lesions
Authors: J.F.B. NORRIS, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We examined 69 biopsies of acne lesions known to be 6, 24 or 72 h old and found that the lymphocyte was the predominant cell at 6 and 24 h. The helper:suppressor T cell ratio in the inflammatory infiltrate was 2.8:1. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were increasingly seen at 24 and 72 h and were associated with disruption of the duct. We hypothesize that this early lymphocytic infiltrate represents a cell mediated immune response to an antigen within the duct lumen.
A1 Receptor mediated myocardial infarct size reduction by endogenous adenosine is exerted primarily during ischaemia
Authors: Z.-Q. Zhao, K. Nakanishi, D S. McGee, P. Tan, J. Vinten-Johansen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article A1 Receptor mediated myocardial infarct size reduction by endogenous adenosine is exerted primarily during ischaemia Get access Zhi-Qing Zhao, Zhi-Qing Zhao The Cardiovascular Program, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. USA: Z-Q Zhao. K Nakanishi, D S McGee, P Tan, J Vinten-Johansen. Correspondence to Dr Vinten-Johansen. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Katsuhiko Nakanishi, Katsuhiko Nakanishi The Cardiovascular Program, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. USA: Z-Q Zhao. K Nakanishi, D S McGee, P Tan, J Vinten-Johansen. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D Scott McGee, D Scott McGee The Cardiovascular Program, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. USA: Z-Q Zhao. K Nakanishi, D S McGee, P Tan, J Vinten-Johansen. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ping Tan, Ping Tan The Cardiovascular Program, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. USA: Z-Q Zhao. K Nakanishi, D S McGee, P Tan, J Vinten-Johansen. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jakob Vinten-Johansen Jakob Vinten-Johansen The Cardiovascular Program, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157. USA: Z-Q Zhao. K Nakanishi, D S McGee, P Tan, J Vinten-Johansen. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 2, February 1994, Pages 270–279, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.2.270 Published: 01 February 1994 Article history Received: 07 May 1993 Accepted: 12 October 1993 Published: 01 February 1994
Normal and Abnormal Features of the Lumbar Spine Observed in Dual Photon Absorptiometry Scans
Authors: AMY HOPKINS, SAMUEL ZYLSTRA, MYROSLAW M. HRESHCHYSHYN, MICHAEL ANBAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) is an extensively used technique for measuring the density of the lumbar spine. The presence of vertebral and extra-vertebral pathologies can lead to increased scatter of data and artifactual bias when constructing diagnostic reference value curves. The bone density of patients with such abnormalities cannot be compared with those of normals because it will appear artificially high. Furthermore, little effort has been made to identify and evaluate spinal abnormalities using the pictograms produced in this method. We have analyzed 60 DPA scans for morphologic changes, using x-rays for comparison, and have found practically complete concurrence between these two radiologic methods on features, though only the former is capable of accurately quantifying bone density. Examples of DPA presentation of anatomical morphology are shown to aid the user in interpreting DPA findings.
Fosfomycin/Tobramycin for Inhalation in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis with <i>Pseudomonas</i> Airway Infection
Authors: Bruce C. Trapnell, Susanna A. McColley, Dana G. Kissner, Mark W. Rolfe, Jonathan M. Rosen, Matthew McKevitt, Lisa Moorehead, A. Bruce Montgomery, David E. Geller
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Fosfomycin/tobramycin for inhalation (FTI), a unique, broad-spectrum antibiotic combination, may have therapeutic potential for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).To evaluate safety and efficacy of FTI (160/40 mg or 80/20 mg), administered twice daily for 28 days versus placebo, in patients greater than or equal to 18 years of age, with CF, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) airway infection, and FEV(1) greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 75% predicted.This double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study assessed whether FTI/placebo maintained FEV(1) % predicted improvements achieved following a 28-day, open-label, run-in course of aztreonam for inhalation solution (AZLI).A total of 119 patients were randomized to FTI (160/40 mg: n = 41; 80/20 mg: n = 38) or placebo (n = 40). Mean age was 32 years and mean FEV(1) was 49% predicted at screening. Relative improvements in FEV(1) % predicted achieved by the AZLI run-in were maintained in FTI groups compared with placebo (160/40 mg vs. placebo: 6.2% treatment difference favoring FTI, P = 0.002 [primary endpoint]; 80/20 mg vs. placebo: 7.5% treatment difference favoring FTI, P < 0.001). The treatment effect on mean PA sputum density was statistically significant for the FTI 80/20 mg group versus placebo (-1.04 log(10) PA colony-forming units/g sputum difference, favoring FTI; P = 0.01). Adverse events, primarily cough, were consistent with CF disease. Respiratory events, including dyspnea and wheezing, were less common with FTI 80/20 mg than FTI 160/40 mg. No clinically significant differences between groups were reported for laboratory values.FTI maintained the substantial improvements in FEV(1) % predicted achieved during the AZLI run-in and was well tolerated. FTI is a promising antipseudomonal therapy for patients with CF.