tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of clinical trials on traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis
Authors: Shijun Wang, Qiaofei Tang, Wei Qian, Yu Fan
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Chinese herbal medicine ( CHM ) has been used for the prevention and treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis ( PAR ), but results are still equivocal. This study was to assess the clinical effectiveness of CHM in patients with PAR . Materials and methods Databases searched included articles published in the Cochrane library, MEDLINE , EMBASE , China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database from 1999 to 2011. The studies included were randomized controlled trials ( RCT s) comparing CHM to placebo if they included patients with PAR . The main outcomes were the changes in the standardized mean difference ( SMD ) of nasal symptom scores and total serum IgE level. Methodological quality was assessed by the modified Jadad's scale. Results Seven RCT s with 533 patients were identified and analyzed. In the meta‐analysis, CHM reduced the total nasal symptom scores compared to placebo ( SMD , −1.82; 95% confidence interval [ CI ], −3.03 to −0.62; P = 0.003). The effect estimate was in favor of the CHM intervention ( SMD , −1.09; 95% CI , −2.74 to 0.55 ) in reducing the total serum IgE level, although this was not significant ( P = 0.19). Conclusions CHM interventions appear to have beneficial effects in patients with PAR . However, the published efficacy studies are too small to draw firm conclusion.
Foot Ulceration and Lower Limb Amputation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Dutch Primary Health Care
Authors: Ilona Statius Muller, Wim J.C. de Grauw, Willem H.E.M. van Gerwen, Marie Louise Bartelink, Henk J.M. van den Hoogen, Guy E.H.M. Rutten
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

To determine the incidence of foot ulceration and lower limb amputation in type 2 diabetic patients in primary health care.Data on type 2 diabetes were collected by the Nijmegen Monitoring Project between 1993 and 1998 as part of a study of chronic diseases. The records of all patients recorded as having diabetic foot problems and those who died, moved to a nursing home, or were under specialist care were included. The annual incidence of foot ulceration was defined as the number of type 2 diabetic patients per patient-year who developed a new foot ulcer. Incidence of lower limb amputation was similarly defined. Additional information was collected on treatment of foot ulcers.The study population of type 2 diabetic patients increased from 511 patient-years in 1993 to 665 in 1998. The annual incidence of foot ulceration varied between 1.2 and 3.0% (mean 2.1) per year; 25% of the patients had recurrent episodes. The annual incidence of lower limb amputation varied between 0.5 and 0.8% (mean 0.6). Ten of the 15 amputees died, and 12 of 52 (23%) patients with ulceration had a subsequent amputation or a previous history of amputation. In 35 of the 73 (48%) episodes of ulceration, only the family physician provided treatment. Patients with foot problems were older and had more cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, and absent peripheral pulses.The incidence of foot ulceration and lower limb amputation in type 2 diabetes is low; nevertheless, recurrence rates of ulceration and risk of amputation are high, with high mortality.
Personalised care and the genome
Authors: M. Doerr, C. Eng
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Using family history to target genomic investigation may be the way forward 

One of the universal goals of medicine is to give each patient the most appropriate care. To this end we constantly seek new ways to tailor care. Nothing is more personal than a person’s genetic make-up. Recently, Roberts and colleagues sought to determine the predictive capacity of whole genome sequencing for 24 common diseases using mathematical modelling based on twin studies, and they concluded that this technique does not provide a useful risk assessment for the most common diseases.1 As many have pointed out, neither twin studies nor mathematical modelling are new approaches to assessing heritability, but this study’s findings struck a chord with both the popular and the scientific press, with real time comment from CNN Health (http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com/), Time (www.time.com/time/), Nature NewsBlog (http://blogs.nature.com/news/), and the BMJ .2

Whole genome sequencing—the complete reading of the roughly 3.2 billion base pairs of DNA that makes each individual unique—captures the imagination of scientists and the public alike. Today, little more than a decade since the human genome was first sequenced, the cost of whole genome sequencing is a fraction of what it was, and the richness of the data has increased 100-fold. With this decrease in cost comes increasing excitement that this technology will be the crystal ball we seek, identifying predisposition and …
CD44 Variant Regulates Redox Status in Cancer Cells by Stabilizing the xCT Subunit of System xc− and Thereby Promotes Tumor Growth
Authors: Takatsugu Ishimoto, Osamu Nagano, Toshifumi Yae, Mayumi Tamada, Takeshi Motohara, Hiroko Oshima, Masanobu Oshima, Tatsuya Ikeda, Rika Asaba, Hideki Yagi, Takashi Masuko, Takatsune Shimizu, Tomoki Ishikawa, Kazuharu Kai, Eri Takahashi, Yu Imamura, Yoshifumi Baba, Mitsuyo Ohmura, Makoto Suematsu, Hideo Baba, Hideyuki Saya
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type–1 deficiency does not influence the outcome of murine pneumococcal pneumonia
Authors: Anita W. Rijneveld, Sandrine Florquin, Paul Bresser, Marcel Levi, Vivian de Waard, Roger Lijnen, Jaring S. Van der Zee, Peter Speelman, Peter Carmeliet, Tom van der Poll
Journal: Blood (2003)
Parasitology of Scabies
Authors: P. A. Buxton
Journal: BMJ (1941)

In 8 %, of the cases inoperability was due to the poor general condition of the patient, and in 32% to the advanced state of the growth.With regard to age, operability was greatest between 40 and 49, and declined in patients older or younger than this.Inoperability of the carcinoma itself was determined by the presence of one or more of the following conditions: local fixation of the growth, hepatic metastases, peritoneal carcino- matous plaques, or extensive involvement of the abdominal lymph glands.Laparotomy was usually necessary to decide on the existence of these contraindications.Local fixity of the growth was noted in 23.9% of the generally operable cases, and in 18.9% of the cases that had laparotomy performed.The fixation was usually in front to the related pelvic or abdominal viscera.Growths involving the anterior wall of the rectum were much less frequently operable than those confined to the other quadrants of the bowel.The operability of anterior growths in women was higher than in men.The adhesions producing fixation were usually, but not invariably, inflammatory in character.Hepatic metastases were palpable in 11.5% of the cases pro- ceeding to laparotomy.The presence of concealed undetected metastases is postulated in another 14.3% of these cases.Nodules of growth in the peritoneum or extensive involvement of the abdominal lymph glands were noted in 11.1 % of cases submitted to laparotomy.These conditions, however, were seldom the sole cause of inoperability.In endeavouring to secure a high operability rate the impor- tance of having available several radical procedures of varying severity is stressed.The operative mortality rate for all operable cases having some form of surgical treatment was 15.6%, for cases submitted to combined excision 18.7%, and for those submitted to perineal excision 7.9%.I wish to express my thanks to the honorary staff of St.
A Phase I trial of MGD006 in patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Authors: Geoffrey Uy, Stanford Stewart, Jan Baughman, Michael Rettig, Gurunadh Chichili, Ezio Bonvini, Jon Wigginton, Robert Lechleider, John DiPersio
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts AML is characterized by excessive proliferation and infiltration of neoplastic cells of hematopoietic origin. AML occurs at a median age of 67 and will lead to an estimated 10,460 deaths in the United States in 2014. Therapy for AML has changed little in the last 30 years, and
A SECOND INITIAL LESION OF SYPHILIS ONE YEAR AFTER THE FIRST
Authors: William C. Nichols
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Mr. J., aged 28, a traveling salesman, consulted a physician in a neighboring city, Nov. 10, 1921, for a small sore on the glans penis. He. was told that it was a simple infected herpes, and was given a jar of a blue colored ointment to apply. The lesion healed in about ten days. Jan. 4, 1922, he consulted us with a florid maculopapular eruption which was generally distributed over the forehead, face, trunk and extremities, with several mucous patches on the tongue and inside of the cheek. As the rash was typical, and there had been the history of a lesion, we did not think it necessary to make a Wassermann test. Intravenous injections of 0.9 gm. of neo-arsphenamin were given, January 4, February 5, 12, 19 and 26, March 26, and April 2, 9 and 16. The patient refused to take mercury intramuscularly so was given a 50
Use of macrophages to deliver therapeutic and imaging contrast agents to tumors
Authors: Jinhyang Choi, Hye-Yeong Kim, Eun Jin Ju, Joohee Jung, Jaesook Park, Hye-Kyung Chung, Jin Seong Lee, Jung Shin Lee, Heon Joo Park, Si Yeol Song, Seong-Yun Jeong, Eun Kyung Choi
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Dermatitis after Using "Pyrotenex"
Authors: C. W. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1952)

JOR&ment for this complication has yet to be decided.In the other two patients the prosthesis is apparently wedded to the bone as a result of more rigid fixation, and it may ;e that the marriage will be a long and happy one.Wholly metallic (Moore and Bohlman, 1943; Loomis, 1950) and wholly plastic prostheses similar to ours (Hudack, 1951 ; Scales, 1951) have proved satisfactory replacements for segments of bone, but the relative merits of the two materials have yet to be evaluated.A judicious combination of the two materials is best in order to achieve the optimum of lightnes and strength. SummaryBone resection and replacement by internal prosthesis, are advocated for endosteal tumours of low malignancy.The early results in three cases are reported.The relative merits of amputation and resection are discussed.The first patient's prosthesis was made by the dental school of the University of Leeds, the prostheses of the second and third patients by Messrs. Down Bros.It is a pleasure to thank Pro- fessor T. Read, of the University of Leeds, and Mr. V. Carter, of Down Bros., for the help they have given us with the designing and oonstruction of these prostheses.We also wish to thank
Survival in Patients with High-Risk Prostate Cancer Is Predicted by miR-221, Which Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells by Inhibiting IRF2 and SOCS3
Authors: Burkhard Kneitz, Markus Krebs, Charis Kalogirou, Maria Schubert, Steven Joniau, Hein van Poppel, Evelyne Lerut, Susanne Kneitz, Claus Jürgen Scholz, Philipp Ströbel, Manfred Gessler, Hubertus Riedmiller, Martin Spahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

A lack of reliably informative biomarkers to distinguish indolent and lethal prostate cancer is one reason this disease is overtreated. miR-221 has been suggested as a biomarker in high-risk prostate cancer, but there is insufficient evidence of its potential utility. Here we report that miR-221 is an independent predictor for cancer-related death, extending and validating earlier findings. By mechanistic investigations we showed that miR-221 regulates cell growth, invasiveness, and apoptosis in prostate cancer at least partially via STAT1/STAT3-mediated activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. miR-221 directly inhibits the expression of SOCS3 and IRF2, two oncogenes that negatively regulate this signaling pathway. miR-221 expression sensitized prostate cancer cells for IFN-γ-mediated growth inhibition. Our findings suggest that miR-221 offers a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in high-risk prostate cancer.
Differential regulation of BACE1 expression by oxidative and nitrosative signals
Authors: Young-Don Kwak, Ruishan Wang, Jing Jing Li, Yun-Wu Zhang, Huaxi Xu, Francesca-Fang Liao
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2011)

It is well established that both cerebral hypoperfusion/stroke and type 2 diabetes are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, the molecular link between ischemia/hypoxia and amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing has begun to be established. However, the role of the key common denominator, namely nitric oxide (NO), in AD is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated redox regulation of BACE1, the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the β-cleavage of APP to Aβ peptides.Herein, we studied events such as S-nitrosylation, a covalent modification of cysteine residues by NO, and H2O2-mediated oxidation. We found that NO and H2O2 differentially modulate BACE1 expression and enzymatic activity: NO at low concentrations (<100 nM) suppresses BACE1 transcription as well as its enzymatic activity while at higher levels (0.1-100 μM) NO induces S-nitrosylation of BACE1 which inactivates the enzyme without altering its expression. Moreover, the suppressive effect on BACE1 transcription is mediated by the NO/cGMP-PKG signaling, likely through activated PGC-1α. H2O2 (1-10 μM) induces BACE1 expression via transcriptional activation, resulting in increased enzymatic activity. The differential effects of NO and H2O2 on BACE1 expression and activity are also reflected in their opposing effects on Aβ generation in cultured neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that BACE1 is highly S-nitrosylated in normal aging brains while S-nitrosylation is markedly reduced in AD brains.This study demonstrates for the first time that BACE1 is highly modified by NO via multiple mechanisms: low and high levels of NO suppress BACE1 via transcriptional and post translational regulation, in contrast with the upregulation of BACE1 by H2O2-mediated oxidation. These novel NO-mediated regulatory mechanisms likely protect BACE1 from being further oxidized by excessive oxidative stress, as from H2O2 and peroxynitrite which are known to upregulate BACE1 and activate the enzyme, resulting in excessive cleavage of APP and Aβ generation; they likely represent the crucial house-keeping mechanism for BACE1 expression/activation under physiological conditions.
Critical Analysis of Dual-Chamber Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Arrhythmia Detection
Authors: Bruce L. Wilkoff, Volker Kühlkamp, Kent Volosin, Kenneth Ellenbogen, Bernd Waldecker, Salem Kacet, Jeffrey M. Gillberg, Cynthia M. DeSouza
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —One of the perceived benefits of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) is the reduction in inappropriate therapy due to new detection algorithms. It was the purpose of the present investigation to propose methods to minimize bias during such comparisons and to report the arrhythmia detection clinical results of the PR Logic dual-chamber detection algorithm in the GEM DR ICD in the context of these methods. Methods and Results —Between November 1997 and October 1998, 933 patients received the GEM DR ICD in this prospective multicenter study. A total of 4856 sustained arrhythmia episodes (n=311) with stored electrogram and marker channel were classified by the investigators; 3488 episodes (n=232) were ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF), and 1368 episodes (n=149) were supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The overall detection results were corrected for multiple episodes within a patient with the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method with an exchangeable correlation structure between episodes. The relative sensitivity for detection of sustained VT and/or VF was 100.0% (3488 of 3488, n=232; 95% CI 98.3% to 100%), the VT/VF positive predictivity was 88.4% uncorrected (3488 of 3945, n=278) and 78.1% corrected (95% CI 73.3% to 82.3%) with the GEE method, and the SVT positive predictivity was 100.0% (911 of 911, n=101; 95% CI 96% to 100%). Conclusions —A structured approach to analysis limits the bias inherent in the evaluation of tachycardia discrimination algorithms through the use of relative VT/VF sensitivity, VT/VF positive predictivity, and SVT positive predictivity along with corrections for multiple tachycardia episodes in a single patient.
Multidrug-Resistant and Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) in Hog Slaughter and Processing Plant Workers and Their Community in North Carolina (USA)
Authors: Ricardo Castillo Neyra, Jose Augusto Frisancho, Jessica L. Rinsky, Carol Resnick, Karen Colleen Carroll, Ana Maria Rule, Tracy Ross, Yaqi You, Lance B. Price, Ellen Kovner Silbergeld
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Use of antimicrobials in industrial food-animal production is associated with the presence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) among animals and humans. Hog slaughter/processing plants process large numbers of animals from industrial animal operations and are environments conducive to the exchange of bacteria between animals and workers.We compared the prevalence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) carriage among processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents.We conducted a cross-sectional study of hog slaughter/processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents in North Carolina. Participants responded to a questionnaire and provided a nasal swab. Swabs were tested for S. aureus, and isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and subjected to multilocus sequence typing.The prevalence of S. aureus was 21.6%, 30.2%, and 22.5% among 162 workers, 63 household members, and 111 community residents, respectively. The overall prevalence of MDRSA and MRSA tested by disk diffusion was 6.9% and 4.8%, respectively. The adjusted prevalence of MDRSA among workers was 1.96 times (95% CI: 0.71, 5.45) the prevalence in community residents. The adjusted average number of antimicrobial classes to which S. aureus isolates from workers were resistant was 2.54 times (95% CI: 1.16, 5.56) the number among isolates from community residents. We identified two MDRSA isolates and one MRSA isolate from workers as sequence type 398, a type associated with exposure to livestock.Although the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was similar in hog slaughter/processing plant workers and their household and community members, S. aureus isolates from workers were resistant to a greater number of antimicrobial classes. These findings may be related to the nontherapeutic use of antimicrobials in food-animal production.
Aortic Origin of the Right Pulmonary Artery
Authors: STANLEY E. KIRKPATRICK, DONALD A. GIROD, HAROLD KING
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Surgical repair of an anomalous right pulmonary artery arising from the ascending aorta is rare. Angiocardiography is the procedure of choice in establishing the diagnosis. Surgical correction of the defect is mandatory; otherwise most of these children die in refractory heart failure. The present paper reports the first successful anatomic repair without a graft in a 2-month-old baby. Five months after operation the boy is asymptomatic and demonstrating normal growth and development.
Anticoagulant Therapy in Private Practice
Authors: CHARLES A. L. STEPHENS
Journal: Circulation (1954)

One hundred eighty-one patients suffering from 216 separate episodes of thromboembolism were treated with anticoagulants by the author in private practice. The indications and contraindications for anticoagulants are described and the results tabulated and analyzed. Practical methods of administration of anticoagulants are discussed. Long-term ambulatory anticoagulant therapy is considered as a special and important aspect of the problem of thromboembolism with the results indicating it to be a practical and feasible form of preventive therapy worthy of more widespread use.
Modeling human neurodegenerative diseases in Drosophila: on a wing and a prayer
Authors: Mark E. Fortini, Nancy M. Bonini
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2000)

The ability of Drosophila genetics to reveal new insights into human neurodegenerative disease is highlighted not only by mutants in flies that show neuronal cell loss, but also by targeted expression of human disease genes in the fly. Moreover, study of Drosophila homologs of various human disease genes provides new insight into fundamental aspects of protein function. These recent findings confirm the remarkable homology of gene function in flies when compared with humans. With the advent of complete genomic sequencing on the horizon, Drosophila will continue to be an outstanding model system in which to unravel the complexities, causes and treatments for human neural degeneration.
Folic acid antagonists and leukaemia.
Authors: R. B. Rees
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article Folic acid antagonists and leukaemia. Get access R. B. Rees R. B. Rees 384 Post Street, San Francisco Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 5, 1 May 1966, Page 297, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12225.x Published: 01 May 1966
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Results in Cytoplasmic Sequestration of p27
Authors: John D. Short, Kevin D. Houston, Ruhee Dere, Sheng-Li Cai, Jinhee Kim, Charles L. Johnson, Russell R. Broaddus, Jianjun Shen, Susie Miyamoto, Fuyuhiko Tamanoi, David Kwiatkowski, Gordon B. Mills, Cheryl Lyn Walker
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Tuberin, the Tsc2 gene product, integrates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (mitogenic) and LKB1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK; energy) signaling pathways, and previous independent studies have shown that loss of tuberin is associated with elevated AMPK signaling and altered p27 function. In Tsc2-null tumors and tumor-derived cells from Eker rats, we observed elevated AMPK signaling and concordant cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27. Cytoplasmic localization of p27 in Tsc2-null cells was reversible pharmacologically using inhibitors of the LKB1/AMPK pathway, and localization of p27 to the cytoplasm could be induced directly by activating AMPK physiologically (glucose deprivation) or genetically (constitutively active AMPK) in Tsc2-proficient cells. Furthermore, AMPK phosphorylated p27 in vitro on at least three sites including T170 near the nuclear localization signal, and T170 was shown to determine p27 localization in response to AMPK signaling. p27 functions in the nucleus to suppress cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (Cdk2) activity and has been reported to mediate an antiapoptotic function when localized to the cytoplasm. We found that cells with elevated AMPK signaling and cytoplasmic p27 localization exhibited elevated Cdk2 activity, which could be suppressed by inhibiting AMPK signaling. In addition, cells with elevated AMPK signaling and cytoplasmic p27 localization were resistant to apoptosis, which could be overcome by inhibition of AMPK signaling and relocalization of p27 to the nucleus. These data show that AMPK signaling determines the subcellular localization of p27, and identifies loss of integration of pathways controlling energy balance, the cell cycle, and apoptosis due to aberrant AMPK and p27 function as a feature of cells that have lost the Tsc2 tumor suppressor gene.