tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
J-Drugs-Reply
Authors: Don B. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> Although it makes no claim to completeness, the<i>Physicians' Desk Reference</i>does serve as a kind of pharmaceutical "who's who." The absence of a<i>J</i>name, generic or proprietary, among the more than 2000 products in the 1988 edition spawned several explanatory theories. Personally, I thought it was an aversion on the part of American medicine to words that might be even remotely juridical.<i>J</i>is just too prominent in "judge," "jury," and "jurisprudence." Dr Fogel's kind offer to trade drugs for Caribbean real estate might not be necessary. The 1989<i>Physicians' Desk Reference</i>lists both Janimine and Jevity. This is probably all the<i>J</i>-drugs a country needs, but I suspect we could handle more if our Canadian colleagues would like to trade<i>J</i>-drugs for JDs.
Gene therapy hope for motor neurone disease
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A team of French and Danish scientists has shown that gene therapy can slow the gradual destruction of motor neurones in mice.

The delivery of neurotrophic factors by gene therapy produced a 50% increase in life span, reduced loss of motor axons, and improved neuromuscular function in mice with symptoms of motor neurone disease ( Nature Medicine 1997;3:429-36).

The research, although preliminary, shows that …
A lymphoproliferative disorder of Tγ cells with the phenotype of cytotoxic suppressor T‐cell
Authors: Tatsuhiko Amagasaki, Junji Shibata, Eiichi Yao, Kenji Nishino, Yasuaki Yamada, Naoki Sadamori, Masao Tomonaga, Kenichiro Kinoshita, Michito Ichimaru
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract A 25‐yr‐old Japanese male showed unique Tγ cell proliferation different from cases reported previously. His clinical and hematological features were characterized by persistent high fever and the appearance of large lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm and azurophilic granules in the peripheral blood (11% of the leukocyte differential count) and the ascitic fluid. These lymphocytes showed the ability to bind the Fe portion of IgG and they beared the antigen of cytotoxic/suppressor T‐cell defined by monoclonal antibodies. T‐cells from this patient suppressed the immunoglobulin production of normal B‐cells by pokeweed mitogen, although a polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was observed in the serum. Chromosomal abnormality indicated the malignant nature of the proliferating Tγ cells in this patient. The clinical, hematological, and immunological findings characterized the disease of this patient as a distinct entity among the lymphoproliferative disorders of T‐cell origin.
Epidemic of Prescription Opiate Abuse and Neonatal Abstinence
Authors: Mark S. Brown
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Use of Marihuana: A Psychological and Physiological Inquiry
Authors: Saul Rosenzweig
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This monograph reports a project purported to be the "first controlled research ward study of marihuana acquisition and chronic use in man," and based on a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate physiological and psychological effects. There were 20 subjects, divided into two groups of ten each, one group of casual and the other of heavy users. (There was no normal control group, and the two experimental groups turned out, for unavoidable reasons, to be poorly matched.) A variety of physiological and psychological measurements were made, including blood pressure, blood cell count, blood chemistry determination, heart rate, urine content, also memory accuracy, time estimation, verbal hostility, and sleep behavior (total hours, dreaming, REM). As a sample, we may examine the segment of the research dealing with aggression (hostility). The findings suggest that, in contradiction to findings of previous work, marihuana use does not increase hostility. However, from a "Hostility Inventory" the investigators
Screening for Thyroid Disease
Authors: Robert S. Dieter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters19 January 1999Screening for Thyroid DiseaseRobert S. Dieter, MDRobert S. Dieter, MDUniversity of Illinois Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60605Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-2-199901190-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Helfand and Redfern (1) presented a coherent summary of screening for thyroid disease. In their paper, they state that “One in four patients with subclinical hypothyroidism has a total cholesterol level more than 6.2 mmol/L, and one in five patients with subclinical hypothyroidism has a markedly elevated TSH level; therefore, treatment with l-thyroxine could reduce the cholesterol level in about 1 in 20 patients (5%) with subclinical hypothyroidism.” I believe that the authors have assumed that in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, having a total cholesterol level exceeding 6.2 mmol/L and having a markedly elevated TSH level are ...Reference1. Helfand M, Redfern CC. Screening for thyroid disease: an update. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:144-58. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Illinois Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60605 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Thyroid DiseaseScreening for Thyroid Disease Mark Helfand and Craig C. Redfern Screening for Thyroid Disease Glen L. Hortin Screening for Thyroid Disease Flavio Zelmanovitz Screening for Thyroid Disease Mark N. Friedman Metrics 19 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 2Page: 162KeywordsCholesterolHypercholesterolemiaHypothyroidismThyroid diseasesThyroid-stimulating hormoneThyroxine Issue Published: 19 January 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Salvage of ischemic myocardium by dipyridamole in the conscious dog.
Authors: D S Blumenthal, G M Hutchins, B I Jugdutt, L C Becker
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We investigated the effect of i.v. dipyridamole, a potent small-vessel coronary vasodilator, on myocardial infarct size in conscious dogs. Dipyridamole, 7-9.7 microgram/kg; 15 dogs) or saline (15 dogs) was infused for 6 hours beginning 10 minutes after acute permanent occlusion of the mid-circumflex coronary artery. After sacrifice, 48 hours after occlusion, stereoscopic postmortem angiography was used to define the mass of the occluded coronary bed. Infarct size was determined by planimetry of weighed, unstained left ventricular slices. Dipyridamole produced a striking reduction in mean infarct mass compared with control (3.1 g vs 13.2 g, p less than 0.001), while mean occluded bed mass was similar (30.3 g vs 32.7 g, NS). As a percentage of the occluded bed, mean infarct size was reduced from 36.8% to 8.6% ( p less than 0.001). Mean arterial blood pressure declined approximately 10% after dipyridamole. Heart rate and left atrial pressure did not change significantly. Collateral blood flow, measured with 8- mu radioactive microspheres, increased in all regions during dipyridamole infusion. The infarct center and border regions had sustained increases over 6 hours of 23-80%, while nonischemic regions demonstrated a diminishing response over time, with a large (98-125%) increase 10 minutes after infusion and a smaller (22-25%) increase 6 hours later. Although antiplatelet or local metabolic effects cannot be excluded, the myocardial salvage produced by dipyridamole was most likely due to the increase in collateral blood flow.
Alrial Natriuretic Factor in Hypertensive and Normotensive Diabetic Patients
Authors: Claudio Ferri, Alfonso Piccoli, Oriana Laurenti, Cesare Bellini, Giancarlo De Mattia, Anna Santucci, Francesco Balsano
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate plasma amai natriuretic factor (ANF) behavior in hypertensive patients with either insulin-dependent (type I) or non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Plasma ANF levels were measured in euglycemic normotensive patients (n = 18) and hypertensive patients (n = 18), in diabetic normotensive patients (type I diabetes, n = 12; type II diabetes, n = 12), and in diabetic hypertensive patients (type I diabetes, n = 12; type II diabetes, n = 22). In all groups, plasma ANF levels were determined at the end of a normal NaCl diet period (120 mmol NaCl per day for 10 days) in both the supine and the upright positions. RESULTS Plasma ANF levels were significantly higher (P &amp;lt; 0.05) in hypertensive euglycemic patients (supine vs. upright: 13.4 ± 6.7 vs. 8.5 ± 4.3 fmol/ml) than in normotensive type I diabetic patients (supine vs. upright: 8.6 ± 2.2 vs. 5.9 ± 2.9 fmol/ml) but not in euglycemic normotensive subjects (supine vs. upright: 11.4 ± 5.1 vs. 7.6 ± 5.8 fmol/ml) and normotensive type II diabetic patients (supine vs. upright: 10.1 ±4.1 vs. 7.9 ±4.1 fmol/ml). Moreover, in the normotensive groups plasma ANF levels did not significantly differ among euglycemic type I and type II diabetic patients. However, the highest levels of plasma ANF were observed in hypertensive type II diabetic patients (supine vs. upright: 16.9 ± 7.4 fmol/ml [P &amp;lt; 0.01 vs. euglycemic normotensive subjects, P &amp;lt; 0.0001 vs. normotensive type I diabetic patients, P &amp;lt; 0.01 vs. hypertensive type I diabetic patients and normotensive type II diabetic patients] vs. 11.6 ± 2.9 fmol/ml [P &amp;lt; 0.005 vs. normotensive type I diabetic patients, P &amp;lt; 0.01 vs. hypertensive type I diabetic patients]). On the contrary, plasma ANF levels were higher (P &amp;lt; 0.05) in hypertensive type I diabetic patients (supine vs. upright: 10.8 ±1.9 vs. 6.4 ± 2.2 fmol/ml) compared with normotensive type I diabetic patients, but not with any other patient group. A significant correlation between supine ANF and insulin levels was found in both type II diabetic (r = 0.457; P &amp;lt; 0.05) and nondiabetic hypertensive patients (r = 0.716; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that circulating ANF levels are markedly elevated in type II diabetic patients affected by essential hypertension. On the contrary, plasma ANF levels are in the range of normality in normotensive type I and type II diabetic patients.
Factor X Deficiency and Systemic Amyloidosis
Authors: George G. Glenner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The association of an isolated acquired factor X (Stuart-factor) deficiency and systemic acquired amyloidosis has been sporadically reported over the last 15 years,1 , 2 and over two thirds of the patients with acquired factor X deficiency have systemic amyloidosis. These facts suggest that an important relation exists between the two entities. In view of the isolated nature of the factor X deficiency it does not appear reasonable to implicate hepatocellular destruction by amyloid infiltrates as the causative mechanism, since most patients with acquired factor X deficiency have normal levels of other coagulation factors known to be of hepatocellular origin. In addition, . . .
The importance of keeping in touch: regulation of cell-cell contact in the exocrine pancreas
Authors: M V Apte
Journal: Gut (2005)

New insights into the mechanisms regulating acinar cell-cell contact in the exocrine pancreas, with evidence to support a role for PTPκ as a key molecule in stabilisation of the adhesion complex in acinar cells via continuous dephosphorylation of the cadherin-catenin complex

The formation of tissues and organs of multicellular organisms during embryonic development involves a highly regulated process of integration and segregation of heterogeneous cell populations into organised cell patterns.1 One of the major regulators of the processes of cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation during organogenesis is cell-cell adhesion, which is predominantly mediated by cell surface glycoproteins. These cell adhesion proteins can respond to cell signalling events and can also transduce signals into the cell.2 Four major groups of cell adhesion proteins have been described, including integrins, immunoglobulins, selectins, and cadherins.

Cadherins are a superfamily of integral membrane proteins that are subdivided into six gene families.1 E-cadherin, a member of the classical cadherin type I family, has been widely studied in a variety of epithelial cell systems.2–5 Like most cadherins, E-cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein with an extracellular domain that interacts with the extracellular domains of cadherin molecules of adjacent cells in a calcium dependent homophilic manner. The highly conserved intracellular (cytoplasmic) domain of E-cadherin functions as a binding site for catenins (cytoplasmic proteins that anchor E-cadherin to the cell cytoskeleton). Typically, E-cadherin binds to β-catenin or p120 catenin in the cells; these catenins in turn are associated with α-catenin which links the cadherin-catenin complex to the cytoskeletal protein F-actin within the cell. The formation of cadherin-catenin complexes is critical to cell-cell adhesion. Both cadherins and …
Abstract P3-13-06: A prospective phase II trial of vinorelbine plus oxaliplatin in second- or third-line metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Z Wang, J Zhang, L Wang, X Hu, B Wang, J Cao, F Lv, C Zhen, S Zhang, Z Shao
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) typically have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Previous study showed biweekly combination of vinorelbine and oxaliplatin (NVBOX) at doses of 30 mg/m2 and 90 mg/m2, respectively, is highly active and well tolerated as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic breast cancer. The purpose of this study (NCT 01528826) was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of NVBOX in second- or third-line mTNBC. Methods: Eligible patients were female with 18–70 years old and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1, and had mTNBC that had progressed after 1or 2 prior chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting. A period of 4 weeks (NVBOX twice) was considered as one treatment cycle and the maximum cycles were 6. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. Results: Between Dec 2011 and Nov 2012, forty-four patients were recruited [median age 47; 77.3% with viceral metastasis, 100% had been exposed to anthracyclines and/or taxanes; 56.8% cis/carbo-platin pretreated for MBC; 38.6% with time to progression (TTP) of 1-2 previous regimens before recruitment ≤ 3 months]. The overall response rate was 31.6% (1 complete response, 11 partial responses) and 10 achieved stable diseases (7 lasting more than 6 months) in 38 evaluable patients. After a median follow-up of 12.8 months, the median PFS and OS were 4.3 (95% CI, 3.6–5.0) months and 12.6 (95% CI, 8.1–17.0) months, respectively. PFS was significantly shorter in patients with disease free interval (DFI) ≤ 1year (HR = 2.10; 95% CI, 1.05–4.21; P = 0.037) and TTP of 1-2 previous regimens before recruitment ≤ 3 months (HR = 3.39; 95% CI, 1.66–6.89; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Also, these two factors were two independent predictors for the poor OS (HR = 5.45; 95% CI, 2.08–14.32; P &amp;lt; 0.001 and HR = 4.09; 95% CI, 1.73–9.68; P &amp;lt; 0.001). For 34 second line patients, prior platinum in the first line was a factor significantly compromise the PFS (HR = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.03–5.10; P = 0.043). Dose adjustment happened in 14 patients (31.8%) due to adverse events (AEs). Grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (70.5%), thrombocytopenia (27.3%) and anemia (15.9%). Four patients experienced febrile neutropenia. The most frequent grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicities were constipation (20.5%) and vomiting (11.4%). Two patients developed grade 3 NVBOX-related peripheral neurotoxicity. There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusion: We conclude that biweekly NVBOX regimen is effective with a good safety profile in the second- or third-line mTNBC, which warrants further investigation in a phase III study. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-13-06.
[639] ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT IN CHRONIC HBV/HCV COINFECTION: VIROLOGICAL CHANGES IN THREE COMPARTMENTS (PLASMA, PBMC AND LIVER TISSUE) AND CLINICAL OUTCOME
Authors: N. Coppola, R. Pisapia, G. Tonziello, S. Martini, M. Imparato, G. Piai, M. Stanzione, C. Sagnelli, P. Filippini, F. Piccinino, E. Sagnelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Legal Conceptions: The Evolving Law and Policy of Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Mary Anderlik Majumder
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF SYPHILITIC LARYNGITIS
Authors: JOSEPH C. BECK
Journal: JAMA (1913)

A remarkable change has taken place in the knowledge of syphilis in the past three years, in that the specific organism, the<i>Spirochaeta pallida</i>, has been positively identified as the etiologic factor, the serologic examination of the blood, the so-called Wassermann reaction, has been accepted as positive proof of the disease, and finally a great remedial agent has been added to our armamentarium in the form of an arsenical preparation, salvarsan, which has been demonstrated beyond question as the great sterilizer of the whole system of the spirochete. We are indebted primarily for this triad of discoveries to Professors Schaudinn, Wassermann and Ehrlich and their many earnest collaborators who have so dilligently taken up these modern thoughts and tried them out so as to put the management of this affection on a satisfactory basis. All text-books and articles that were published before these three discoveries of etiology, diagnosis and treatment
Drug addiction: a medical problem.
Authors: Dale C. Cameron
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The title of this book might lead one to believe that it is devoted exclusively to the questions of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of narcotic addicts and that it ignores the problems of narcotics control and the relation of crime to addiction. Such is not the case. The author, in the almost 55 years of his very active professional life as a physician, has devoted a major portion of his substantial energies, not only to the treatment of thousands of persons addicted to narcotics, but also to studies of the medical, social, psychological, and legal issues attendant on their problems. The material chosen for presentation in this very readable book reflects his capacity to change his concepts and methods of treatment with the acquisition of new knowledge and his unswerving dedication to the principle of individualized treatment for each patient, no matter what wide swings may occur in public opinion
Complexity provides a better explanation than probability for confidence in syllogistic inferences
Authors: Graeme S. Halford
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Bayesian rationality is an important contribution to syllogistic inference, but it has limitations. The claim that confidence in a conclusion is a function of informativeness of the max-premise is anomalous because this is the least probable premise. A more plausible account is that confidence is inversely related to complexity. Bayesian rationality should be supplemented with principles based on cognitive complexity.
Allergen‐induced inflammation in the nose: a comparison of acute and repeated low‐dose allergen exposure
Authors: A. Roquet, E. Ihre, M. van Hage‐Hamsten, G. Halldén, O. Zetterström
Journal: Allergy (1996)

To investigate allergic rhinitis induced by two experimental provocation models, we compared local inflammation with markers of eosinophil activity in peripheral blood. Patients with strictly seasonal allergic rhinitis were selected and investigated outside the pollen season. An acute challenge with increasing doses of allergen every 15 min until symptoms occurred was performed in nine patients. Nasal lavage and blood samples were taken before and 4 and 24 h after challenge. After a 6‐week washout period, 10 patients were submitted to 7 days of repeated low allergen exposures. One small dose (≅/100 of the acute dose) was given each day. Blood and lavage samples were taken prior to and after the period. As control four patients were challenged with diluent only. The acute challenge resulted in sneezing and nasal discharge and blockage and was accompanied by a rise in histamine and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in lavage fluid after 4 h and continuing after 24 h, when there also was a rise in the number of eosinophils and ECP in peripheral blood. The repeated low‐dose exposures caused very few symptoms but produced increased ECP in the lavage Auid and a trend toward increased histamine concentration. There were no changes in ECP, intracellular EG2 binding, or number of eosinophils in the blood. No changes were seen in the control group. Our findings show that changes in eosinophil mediator release in nasal lavage can be seen after very low, but repeated, allergen exposures despite no, or minimal, clinical symptoms.