tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac myocyte necrosis induced by angiotensin II.
Authors: L B Tan, J E Jalil, R Pick, J S Janicki, K T Weber
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Although the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the pathogenesis and progression of the failing heart is uncertain, previous reports have suggested that myocyte injury may be a component in this process. In this study, we investigated this possibility in more detail. Cardiotoxic effects of nonacutely hypertensive doses of Ang II were examined in 90 rats, including those receiving an angiotensin infusion (200 ng/min i.p.) and those with renovascular hypertension, where endogenous stimulation of Ang II occurred. Myocyte injury and wound healing resulting from these treatments were evaluated by 1) immunofluorescence after in vivo monoclonal antibody labeling of myosin to detect abnormal sarcolemmal permeability, 2) [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA, to detect fibroblast proliferation, and 3) light microscopic evidence of myocytolysis and subsequent scar formation. We found that exogenous Ang II produced multifocal antimyosin labeling of cardiac myocytes and myocytolysis, which were maximal on days 1-2 of the infusion. Subsequently, DNA synthesis rates were increased, with fibroblast proliferation reaching peak levels on day 2 (Ang II-treated rats, 90.0 +/- 18.6 cpm/micrograms DNA; control rats, 11.4 +/- 2.3 cpm/micrograms DNA; p less than 0.05); microscopic scarring was found on day 14 and represented 0.12 +/- 0.02% of the myocardium. Concurrent treatment with both propranolol (30 mg/kg/day s.c.) and phenoxybenzamine (5 mg/kg/day i.m.) did not attenuate Ang II-induced antimyosin labeling. Increased endogenous Ang II, resulting from renal ischemia after abdominal aortic constriction, produced both antimyosin labeling and increased rates of DNA synthesis like that observed with Ang II infusion. Both myocyte injury and fibroplasia were prevented with captopril (65 mg/day p.o.), but this protective effect was not seen with reserpine pretreatment. Infrarenal aortic banding without renal ischemia, on the other hand, produced hypertension without necrosis. We conclude that pathophysiological levels of endogenous as well as low-dose exogenous Ang II were associated with altered sarcolemmal permeability and myocytolysis with subsequent fibroblast proliferation and scar formation. Myocyte injury was unrelated to the hypertensive or enhanced adrenergic effects of Ang II or to hypertension per se. Captopril was effective in preventing myocyte injury in renovascular hypertension. The mechanism(s) responsible for Ang II-induced necrosis will require further study.
THE VASCULAR CHANGES OF TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS, ESPECIALLY THE TUBERCULOUS ENDARTERITIES
Authors: Ludvig Hektoen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1896)

1. In tuberculosis meningitis there is a tuberculosis endarteritis characterized by the formation of intimal tubercles and a diffuse subendothelial, intimal proliferation due to implantation of tubercle bacili from the blood. From the endarteritis the infiltration may spread into the muscular coat and the adventitia, and the whole wall may undergo caseous and hyaline degeneration. 2. Tuberculous proliferation in the adventitia may invade the media and the intima, and the whole wall of the arterial segment may undergo degeneration. 3. The veins are constantly the seat of more or less extensive infiltration, which always results from adjacent extravascular or arterial foci. 4. The epithelioid cells of the subendothelial, tuberculous intimal See PDF for Structure proliferation are most likely derived from the subendothelial layer of connective tissue and not from the endothelial lining.
WHO voices concern over rising numbers of MERS-CoV cases
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The World Health Organization has expressed concern over the rising number of cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in recent weeks, particularly in the light of two significant outbreaks at healthcare facilities in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

As of 24 April, 254 laboratory confirmed cases of infection with the virus had occurred since September 2012, including 93 deaths. However, March and April alone have seen 70 new cases this year.

Ala Alwan, WHO regional director for the eastern Mediterranean, said that about three quarters …
Naturally occurring free thiols within β2-glycoprotein I in vivo: nitrosylation, redox modification by endothelial cells, and regulation of oxidative stress–induced cell injury
Authors: Yiannis Ioannou, Jing-Yun Zhang, Freda H. Passam, Soheila Rahgozar, Jian Cheng Qi, Bill Giannakopoulos, Miao Qi, Pei Yu, Demin M. Yu, Philip J. Hogg, Steven A. Krilis
Journal: Blood (2010)
Herpes Zoster and Angina Pectoris
Authors: AARON E. PARSONNET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 March 1930Herpes Zoster and Angina PectorisAARON E. PARSONNET, M.D., F.A.C.P., ALBERT S. HYMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.AARON E. PARSONNET, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, ALBERT S. HYMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-9-883 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFrom a clinical point of view Herpes Zoster may be readily confused with Angina Pectoris, especially when it occurs in the middle age periods. Mackenzie has pointed out that herpes zoster which develops as a result of ganglionic disturbance of the first four upper thoracic segments of the spinal cord may resemble in every respect the rather characteristic syndrome seen in true angina pectoris.Other authors have found a very close association between herpes zoster and angina pectoris of the neurogenic type. Some have stated that the two diseases are manifestations of the same etiologic background, while others believe that... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: AARON E. PARSONNET, M.D., F.A.C.P.; ALBERT S. HYMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Coronarerkrankungen. Coronarinsuffizienz, Angina pectoris und HerzinfarktPathologische Anatomie der Spinal- und Hirnnervenganglien, einschließlich der WurzelnervenHERPES ZOSTER AND ANGINA PECTORISExtracardiac determinants of the site and radiation of pain in angina pectoris with special reference to shoulder painHautveränderungen bei inneren Krankheiten 1 March 1930Volume 3, Issue 9Page: 883-891KeywordsAnginaSpinal cord ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
SIMPLE COUPLING DEVICE FOR POLYETHYLENE CATHETER
Authors: Ralph W. Alman
Journal: JAMA (1953)

With occasional exceptions in which knowledge is sought for its own sake, the ultimate purpose of research is the practical application of the principles investigated. The clinical use of research apparatus is often limited, however, by cost and highly specialized design. An inexpensive and simple means for connecting polyethylene tubing between 1.22 and 1.7 mm. (0.048 to 0.067 in.) in outside diameter to Luer-hub needles of any gage was developed in connection with investigations of cerebral hemodynamics. It was subsequently pointed out that the method would have definite clinical value, particularly in pediatrics, in situations in which such connections now require specially constructed needle hubs that often have numerous parts or relatively expensive, bulky, heavy adapters.  DESCRIPTION  Only two parts are needed to connect polyethylene catheters in the sizes mentioned to Luer-hub needles; an ordinary Luer-slip adapter (subsequently referred to as an impactor) from a 30 or 50 cc. syringe
Predictive animal testing for photocontact allergenicity
Authors: TH. MAURER, E.G. WEIRICH, R. HESS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

The purpose of this investigation was to establish a standardized animal model to predict the photoallergenic potential of new chemical compounds. In a first series of experiments the main factors influencing the induction of photoallergenicity were evaluated (induction concentration, pH of the test solution, pretreatment of the irradiation site with sodium lauryl sulphate, additional use of adjuvant injections and routes of administration). Osram Ultravitalux lamps were utilized for these studies. In a second series of experiments a Xenon 6000 W radiation source was used. Positive results were obtained with well known photosensitizers, as, for instance, the halogenated salicylanilides, as well as with so-called weak photoallergens (e.g. bithionol, sulphanilamide) by stimulating the animals' immune system with Freund's complete adjuvant. The photoallergenic compounds were at the same time tested for their contact allergenic potential in the optimization test. A standard procedure for the predictive photoallergenicity assay in guinea-pigs is proposed.
Effect of exercise on upper respiratory tract infection in sedentary subjects
Authors: T Weidner, T Schurr
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2003)

Objective: To determine if exercise training affects the severity and duration of a naturally acquired upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in sedentary subjects. Methods: Subjects were sedentary volunteers (two or fewer days a week of exercise for less than 30 minutes a day for the previous three months), 18–29 years of age, with a naturally acquired URTI (three to four days of onset). All subjects were screened—for example, asthma, hay fever—by a doctor and were afebrile. Volunteers were alternately assigned to an exercise (EX) group (four men, seven women) or a non-exercise (NEX) group (three men, eight women). Subjects in the EX group completed 30 minutes of supervised exercise at 70% of target heart rate range for five days of a seven day period. For the initial screening, and every 12 hours, all subjects completed a 13 item symptom severity checklist and a physical activity log. Cold symptom scores were obtained until the subjects were asymptomatic. Significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: There were no significant differences between EX and NEX group mean symptom scores for the morning and evening reporting periods. There were also no differences between the groups for the mean number of days from the baseline symptom score to when the subjects were asymptomatic. There were no differences between physical activity levels, other than what was assigned in the EX group. Conclusion: Moderate exercise in sedentary subjects with naturally acquired URTI probably does not alter the overall severity and duration of the illness. Previously sedentary people who have acquired a URTI and have just initiated an exercise programme may continue to exercise.
JOHN TEMPLETON BOWEN.
Authors: E. Graham-Little
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1941)

Journal Article JOHN TEMPLETON BOWEN. Get access E. Graham‐Little E. Graham‐Little Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 53, Issue 6, 1 June 1941, Pages 190–191, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1941.tb10550.x Published: 01 June 1941
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCURRENT DISEASE AND INJURY IN THE TRANQUILIZED PSYCHIATRIC PATIENT
Authors: GORDON W. OLSON, DONALD B. PETERSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

This study indicated a direct, statistically significant association between tranquilization of hospitalized psychiatric patients aged 55 and older and the development of physical illness or injury. This was not demonstrated for patients of 54 and younger. Dosage or drug derivative could not be related to the development of illness nor could physical diagnosis be related to tranquilization. The data did suggest that tranquilization may be less compatible with the chronic brain syndrome than with other psychiatric conditons. We conclude that tranquilization of the psychiatric patient over 55 is associated with the subsequent development of nonfatal disease or injury of sufficient severity to warrant infirmary admission.
EC launches new strategy to tackle HIV as prevalence continues to rise
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The European Commission has adopted a new five year strategy to combat HIV and AIDS in the European Union and countries on its eastern border. Its key objectives are to reduce the number of new HIV infections, improve access to preventive strategies, and raise the quality of life of people infected with the virus.

The initiative comes as the number of cases continues to increase. In 2001 1.5 million people in the European Union and in the neighbouring Russian Federation, Ukraine, and Moldova were living with HIV. The number had grown to 2.2 million by 2007, …
Intestinal mucosal mast cells: enumeration in urticaria pigmentosa and systemic mastocytosis
Authors: J. FERGUSON, R. P. H. THOMPSON, M. W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Endoscopic gastrointestinal mucosal biopsy specimens from one patient with systemic mastocytosis and five with urticaria pigmentosa (UP) were fixed with Carney's reagent and then stained for chloracetate esterase. The mast cell population densities were enumerated in the mucosa using cursor planimetry. Compared with controls, mast cell counts were increased in gastric and duodenal but not sigmoid mucosae. On a histological basis, systemic involvement would appear commoner in urticaria pigmentosa than is generally expected. Gastrointestinal symptoms did not relate to elevated mucosal mast cell counts.
Book Review Developmental Neuropsychiatry (Vol. 1: Fundamentals.) By James C. Harris. 272 pp. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995. $49. 0-19-506824-6 (Vol. 2: Assessment, Diagnosis and Treatment of Developmental Disorders.) By James C. Harris. 596 pp. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995. $79. ISBN 0-19-509849-8.
Authors: Pauline A. Filipek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)
Immune responses during healing of massive segmental femoral bone defects mediated by hybrid baculovirus-engineered ASCs
Authors: Chin-Yu Lin, Kun-Ju Lin, Kuei-Chang Li, Li-Yu Sung, Swei Hsueh, Chia-Hsin Lu, Guan-Yu Chen, Chiu-Ling Chen, Shiu-Feng Huang, Tzu-Chen Yen, Yu-Han Chang, Yu-Chen Hu
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
The Independent Payment Advisory Board
Authors: Timothy Stoltzfus Jost
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A common theme in the health care reform debate in recent years has been the need for a board of impartial experts to oversee the health care system. Market forces alone, it is argued, cannot control health care costs, and Congress is too driven by special-interest politics and too limited in expertise and vision to control costs.Provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (now being referred to as the Affordable Care Act, or ACA) create an Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB) to meet the need to oversee health care system costs.1 The legislation establishes specific target growth . . .
The Great Undoing
Authors: Donna Pucciani
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE STATUS OF RESPIRATION IN THE METHODS OF DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE COMPARED WITH THAT UNDER THE METHOD OF INTRATRACHEAL INSUFFLATION
Authors: John Auer, S. J. Meltzer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1911)

The maintenance of life of an individual with an open double pneumothorax under differential pressure depends essentially upon the normal position of the lower lobes of the lungs and their close approximation to the diaphragm, especially of the posterior parts of the lobes. A complete dislodgment of both lower lobes leads invariably to the death of the individual, which may occur in a very short time, or after fifteen to twenty-five minutes. In all cases the respiration is affected first; it slows almost at once and stops invariably before the heart. The result is the same whether the vagi are intact or both nerves are cut. Exceptionally, respiration may continue even after the separation of the lungs from the diaphragm, but only by having all the lobes well approximated to the thoracic walls. When by dislodgment of the lower lobes the respiration is stopped and the heart is feeble and slow, or stopped completely, it is rarely possible to restore life by artificial respiration or by other appropriate means. The extent of the exchange of gases occurring in normal respiration, with closed thoracic cavity, exceeds greatly the need for the maintenance of life, since normal respiration is provided with an abundance of factors of safety. Under differential pressure, however, life is carried on with an exchange of gases which amounts to a small fraction only of the extent of the exchange that takes place in normal respiration; respiration under differential pressure is, therefore, deprived of all factors of safety and is incapable of resisting the dangers of exceptional incidents. Deaths occurring in connection with the differential pressure have their cause essentially in this unguarded state of the function of respiration. Under tracheal insufflation, the function of respiration is surrounded with effective safeguards, at least as much as is normal respiration. Dislodgment of the lungs has no detrimental effect. After complete collapse of the lungs, capillary adhesions within the alveoli and the small bronchi become an additional obstacle to the redistension and respiration. Differential pressure holds this obstacle in abeyance. When the lungs become collapsed during an open pneumothorax, it should be kept in mind that the force which is required for redistension is greater than that which is sufficient to keep the lungs continually distended. At the beginning of a redistension, therefore, a higher pressure should be employed for a short time.
INDUCTION OF CARDIAC LESIONS, CLOSELY RESEMBLING THOSE OF RHEUMATIC FEVER, IN RABBITS FOLLOWING REPEATED SKIN INFECTIONS WITH GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI
Authors: George E. Murphy, Homer F. Swift
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Cardiac lesions, closely resembling those found in rheumatic fever, have developed in rabbits that sickened following multiple, successive skin infections with several serological types of group A streptococci.
Hemoglobin A&lt;sub&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt; Poised to Become Preferred Test for Diagnosing Diabetes
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Measuring hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, a method to monitor glucose control in patients with diabetes, appears to be on the threshold of official recognition as the preferred diagnostic test for the disease.
Pneumococcemia with Sarcoid-Infiltrated Spleen
Authors: JOHN R. GUYTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1975Pneumococcemia with Sarcoid-Infiltrated SpleenJOHN R. GUYTON, M.D., ROSS E. ZUMWALT, M.D.JOHN R. GUYTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROSS E. ZUMWALT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-6-847 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The syndrome of asplenia, fulminant pneumococcemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation has been described almost exclusively in association with atrophic or absent spleens (1). The following case of fatal pneumococcemia occurred in a patient with clinically unsuspected sarcoidosis, which had completely infiltrated the spleen.A 36-year-old woman, previously well, presented with a 1-day history of fever, chills, and intermittent pleuritic chest pain without cough. Except for a temperature of 40 °C [104 °F], slight tachypnea (respiratory rate of 20/min), and some wheezing in the chest, physical examination was normal with no palpable lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly. The prothrombin time...References1. BISNO A and FREEMAN J: The syndrome of asplenia, pneumococcal sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Ann Intern Med 72:389-393, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar2. SONES M and ISRAEL H: Course and prognosis of sarcoidosis. Am J Med 29:84-93, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KABINS S and LERNER C: Fulminant pneumococcemia and sickle cell anemia. JAMA 211:467-471, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FOLLAND D, ARMSTRONG D, and SEIDES S: Pneumococcal bacteremia in patients with neoplastic disease. Cancer 33:845-849, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HAHN M, BARNES A, and LERNER W: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, disseminated histoplasmosis and pneumococcal septicemia. Mo Med 70:249-250, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN R. GUYTON, M.D.; ROSS E. ZUMWALT, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Department of Pathology University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas, Texas 75235 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHyposplenism: A comprehensive review. Part II: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and managementHyposplenism: A comprehensive review. Part I: Basic concepts and causesHyposplenismThe Pathology of the SpleenSplenic function: physiology and splenic hypofunctionRadiation-Induced Splenic Atrophy in Patients with Hodgkin's Disease and Non-Hodgkin's LymphomasSplenic function: Normal, too much and too little 1 June 1975Volume 82, Issue 6Page: 847-848KeywordsFeversIschemiaProthrombin timeRespiratory rateSarcoidosisSpleenSplenomegalyTachypneaTemperatureThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...