tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dynamic and Neurogenic Factors Determining the Hepatic Arterial Flow after Portal Occlusion
Authors: SALVATORE M. SANCETTA
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Acute ligation of the portal vein in the barbital-anesthetized dog produces a significant increase in the hepatic arterial flow when the perfusion pressure remains elevated in the artery. Evidence is presented which supports the concept that the immediate readjustment is solely dependent on dynamic changes. The late readjustments are probably conditioned by the interplay of neurogenic and humoral factors.
NHS urged to rethink children's rights
Authors: A. Boulton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

A radical reappraisal of children's right to participate in decisions about their medical treatment is needed throughout the NHS, says a report published this week.

The report, published by the Institute for Public Policy Research, acknowledges individual clinicians' excellence in including children in health care decisions. But it is critical of what it perceives as a more general trend away from child consultation towards decision making by parents or health care professionals.

”There is a tendency among health care professionals …
Gluten-free diet in dermatitis herpetiformis.
Authors: T. REUNALA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Twelve patients with dermatitis herpetiformis whose skin condition responded to a gluten-free diet (GFD) were re-examined after diet treatment. The findings were compared with those in matched patients on a normal diet. Jejunal histology revealed morphological improvement in every patient on a GFD whereas all patients on a normal diet continued to have villous atrophy. Intra-epithelial lymphocyte counts were normal in 8 patients on a GFD in contrast to one on a normal diet. Immunofluorescence examination of the jejunal mucosa revealed that the numbers of cells containing IgA and IgM were increased significantly in the normal diet group. The figures were lower in the GFD group but these also exceeded the values in the controls. IgA deposits were found in the uninvolved skin of every patient irrespective of the diet treatment, but the fluorescence seemed to be less intense in patients on a GFD. A clear difference was found in the occurrence of C3 deposits in the uninvolved skin. Three patients on a GFD had C3 deposits; two of these did not follow a strict diet. However C3 was found in 8 patients on a normal diet. Circulating dietary and auto-antibodies were found in two patients on a GFD and in 9 on a normal diet. Serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) and complement (C3, C4) levels were within normal limits in both patient groups.
Kinetic Analysis of Technetium-99m-Labeled Nitroimidazole (BMS-181321) as a Tracer of Myocardial Hypoxia
Authors: Chin K. Ng, Albert J. Sinusas, Barry L. Zaret, Robert Soufer
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Experimental data have indicated that [ 99m Tc]- nitroimidazole (BMS-181321) is preferentially taken up in hypoxic tissue; its kinetics, however, has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to address the relation between perfusate oxygen level and myocardial retention of [ 99m Tc]nitroimidazole. Methods and Results Bolus injection and constant infusion experiments were performed in Langendorff buffer–perfused rat hearts in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Data were acquired with a pair of NaI detectors. The initial clearance rate of [ 99m Tc]nitroimidazole was approximately 20 seconds and independent of perfusate oxygen level. The slow clearance rate was greater than 3 hours in all perfusion conditions. The tissue retention of [ 99m Tc]nitroimidazole varied from 0.61±0.14% in normoxic conditions to 5.94±1.16% in the most severe hypoxic conditions. In addition, tissue retention was inversely proportional to perfusate oxygen level in a sigmoidal manner. The constant infusion experiments established that the binding rate at 25% oxygen level (1.94±0.38 mL of perfusate/min−g dry wt) was twofold of that at 40% and sevenfold at 100%. The binding rate of [ 99m Tc]nitroimidazole was independent of the perfusion sequence, suggesting irreversible binding. Conclusions These data indicate that [ 99m Tc]nitroimidazole may be a useful tracer for the identification of myocardial hypoxia. A sigmoidal relation was demonstrated for the uptake of the tracer, which suggests that a threshold level of hypoxia is necessary for the uptake of the tracer.
1047. Chemoprotective Gene Therapy through Retroviral Expression of the X-Ray Cross Complementing Protein (XRCC1)
Authors: Thomas D. Southgate, Katherine Clarke, Leslie J. Fairbairn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Administration of the chemotherapeutic camptothecin, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, causes a dose-limiting toxicitiy to rapidly renewing tissues leading to myelosuppression, diarrhoea and hemorrhagic cystitis. Although the use of camptothecin deriviates, such as topotecan has reduced the urological toxicity associated with this class of compounds, they all still exhibit a marked toxicity to myeloid progenitors.
Trial by television
Authors: J. Hollistriantafillou
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The programme went off much better than I'd expected. It was basically a chat show with public participation to which I'd been invited, along with two or three other “experts,” to discuss care provision for older people. This was in the wake of recent horrifying disclosures of conditions in some residential homes and I'd agreed to participate, although not without misgivings, having seen how the subject had been exploited by the media. For this reason, I'd carefully gathered together as many relevant facts as possible and prepared to face the cameras.

The …
Ca2+ transient decline and myocardial relaxation are slowed during low flow ischemia in rat hearts.
Authors: S A Camacho, R Brandes, V M Figueredo, M W Weiner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The mechanisms that impair myocardial relaxation during ischemia are believed to involve abnormalities of calcium handling. However, there is little direct evidence to support this hypothesis. Therefore, we sought to determine whether the time constant of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c) decline (tau Ca) was increased during low flow ischemia, and if there was a relationship between the time constant of left ventricular pressure decline (tau P) and tau Ca. Isolated perfused hearts were studied using indo-1 fluorescence ratio as an index of [Ca2+]c.tau P was used as an index of myocardial relaxation. The time constant of decline of the indo-1 ratio increased from 74 +/- 5 ms to 95 +/- 4, 144 +/- 10, and to 204 +/- 16 ms when coronary flow was reduced was reduced to 50, 20, and 10% of control, respectively. Indo-1 transients were calibrated to calculate tau Ca. tau Ca increased from 67 +/- 6 ms to 108 +/- 9 and 158 +/- 19 ms when coronary flow was reduced to 20 and 10% of control, respectively. There was a linear relationship between tau Ca and tau P (r = 0.82). These data support the hypothesis that during low flow ischemia, impaired myocardial relaxation may be caused by slowing of [Ca2+]c decline.
SUBCOSTAL NEURITIS AS A CAUSE OF ABDOMINAL PAIN
Authors: MARSHALL CLINTON
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The condition to which I am calling attention is a clinical entity that seems to be generally unrecognized, though it is of fairly common occurrence and is of practical importance. Traumatic neuritis may be produced by a single or repeated injury to a nerve trunk, and the condition that I present belongs to the latter group. The intercostal nerves are shielded from injury by intact ribs except when they pass beyond the tips of the last few ribs. At this point, the eleventh and twelfth especially, may be injured in various ways. The commonest method of nerve injury to these last two nerve trunks is by the repeated squeezing of the nerve between the tips of the ribs and the wing of the pelvis. This repeated trauma is seen in short waisted persons or in those who have an unusually long eleventh or twelfth rib. The pain is of a
Oklahoma okays an unproved therapy
Authors: Harriet Page
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Oklahoma became the first state in the nation to enact a law permitting the use of "immunoaugmentative therapy" (IAT or IAT blood fractions) for the treatment of cancer and other diseases when Governor George Nigh signed the bill March 2. The Oklahoma House had passed the bill 97 to 0 on Feb 3, and the Senate had passed it 37 to 0 on Feb 25. The law prohibits any hospital from restricting use of the therapy and bans the state Board of Medical Examiners and the state Board of Osteopathic Examiners from disciplining any physician who prescribes the therapy. It does provide, however, that IAT can be given only to a patient who signs a "written informed request" form from the State Board of Health. This form states that the therapy has not "been approved as a preventative, treatment, or cure for any malignancy, disease, illness, or physical condition by
A Single T Cell Receptor Bound to Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I and Class II Glycoproteins Reveals Switchable TCR Conformers
Authors: Lei Yin, Eric Huseby, James Scott-Browne, Kira Rubtsova, Clamencia Pinilla, Frances Crawford, Philippa Marrack, Shaodong Dai, John W. Kappler
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Follow-up of mass screening for coronary risk factors in 1817 adults.
Authors: W S Aronow, W H Allen, D De Cristofaro, S Ungermann
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The prevalence of coronary risk factors was assessed in 1,817 asymptomatic adults in Long Beach, California, at the beginning and end of a 10-11 month interval. The risk factors evaluated were hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, smoking, hyperglycemia, and marked obesity. The results of the tests were sent to the participants and to their physicians. An educational program aimed at reducing coronary risk factors was offered to the first 1,250 persons screened. Eight hundred and seventy-two of those 1,250 allocated to the education group returned for a second screening. The prevalence of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 coronary risk factors did not change significantly between the two screens in either the total group of 1,817 adults or in the 872 adults in the educational program. The Long Beach Heart Association mass screening program for coronary risk factors was ineffective in reducing the number of coronary risk factors.
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) National Priorities for Research and Initial Research Agenda
Authors: Joe V Selby, Anne C Beal, Lori Frank
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ABDOMINAL TYPE OF RESPIRATION AS OFTEN EMPLOYED IN SINGING.
Authors: O. J. STEIN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

My attention was directed to this subject by observing that among a certain class of singers who practiced the abdominal type of breathing, there existed a marked disproportion in development of the chest and abdomen. Not alone this, but in seeking for a causative factor for some deranged conditions of the generative organs my investigations brought me to the abnormal employment of abdominal respiration as used in their singing. As soon as I became cognizant of the fact that the over-indulgence in this form of breathing was to blame for the trouble in hand, I readily saw the irreparable amount of damage that may come to these organs of generation by following such a method; and I thereafter made it a special point of observation and inquiry in all cases of this character to observe the type of respiration employed and to inquire as to the method taught them in
Ethical Issues Concerning Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Authors: Franklin G. Miller, Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Donald L. Rosenstein, Stephen E. Straus
Journal: JAMA (2004)

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has grown dramatically in recent years, as has research on the safety and efficacy of CAM treatments. Minimal attention, however, has been devoted to the ethical issues relating to research on CAM. We argue that public health and safety demand rigorous research evaluating CAM therapies, research on CAM should adhere to the same ethical requirements for all clinical research, and randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials should be used for assessing the efficacy of CAM treatments whenever feasible and ethically justifiable. In addition, we explore the legitimacy of providing CAM and conventional therapies that have been demonstrated to be effective only by virtue of the placebo effect.
Imaging of Soft Tissue Tumors with Tc(V)-99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid
Authors: HITOYA OHTA, KEIGO ENDO, TORU FUJITA, TETSUO NAKAJIMA, HARUMI SAKAHARA, KANJI TORIZUKA, YASUTOMO SHIMIZU, NAOTAKA HATA, HIDESUKE MASUDA, KAZUKO HORIUCHI, AKIRA YOKOYAMA, KATSUJI IKEKUBO, NORIHIKO INOUE, KIYOSHI TAMURA, YOSHIHIKO KOTOURA, MASAO ISHII, MASAYUKI YOSHIZUMI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Tumor scintigraphy, using Tc(V)-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc(V)-DMS) was performed in 58 patients with soft tissue tumors, and the results were compared with that of Ga-67 citrate. Tc(V)-DMS was found to have a sensitivity of 90% for malignant tumors including aggressive fibromatosis compared to that of Ga-67 citrate, which was 56%. However, the specificity of Tc(V)-DMS for these tumors was 71% but with Ga-67 citrate the specificity was 80%. The imaging accuracy in soft tissue tumors with Tc(V)-DMS and Ga-67 citrate was 78% and 71%, respectively. Although the accumulation of Tc(V)-DMS has been detected in some benign soft tissue tumors, the reduced accumulation in inflammatory lesions compared to Ga-67 citrate was recognized, and Tc(V)-DMS could be of great use in the detection of extension or location of malignant soft tissue tumors.
Diagnosis of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with Radioiodine Scanning after Thyrotropin Alfa Stimulation
Authors: Malik Juweid, Thomas O'Dorisio, Mohammed Milhem
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: Poorly differentiated thyroid cancers are rare and can be difficult for surgeons, endocrinologists, and pathologists to identify.1 These cancers fall into two main histologic categories: insular and other (large cell). Most, but not all, stain with thyroglobulin or thyroid transcription factor 1; those that do not represent particular diagnostic challenges.1–3 We describe a 60-year-old man who presented with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and an enlarged thyroid. Biopsy specimens of cervical nodes and the thyroid gland showed features of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin — possibly pulmonary, colorectal, pancreatic, or thyroidal. Immunostaining for thyroglobulin and thyroid . . .
Error in Brooks' Article on the Action of Alcohol
Authors: Clyde Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> Through an error which I failed to notice on the proof you sent me, one paragraph is out of place in my article on "The Action of Alcohol on the Normal Intact Unanesthetized Animal" in The Journal, July 30. On page 374, in the second column, the paragraph commencing "On several successive days" refers to the first method by a T-cannula and not to the third method, which is described immediately preceding this paragraph.
Brain-Stem Compression in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Robert C. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A woman had cervical C-1 to C-2 subluxation with dysphagia. Initial improvement with halo cast and posterior fusion was followed by recurrence of symptoms, but transpharyngeal resection of the odontoid process had continued to alleviate symptoms at 18-month follow-up examination. The importance of vertical C-1 to C-2 subluxation in rheumatoid cervical arthritis is emphasized.
Patient is reinfected with a different HIV strain
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Doctors have reported a rare case of HIV “superinfection,” in which a person already infected with HIV became reinfected with a different strain of the virus.

The finding proves the importance of consistently practising safer sex, even between two HIV positive people, they say. But they warn that HIV superinfection could be another obstacle to developing an effective AIDS vaccine.

The patient, a 38 year old man whose blood counts of HIV had fallen sharply after drug treatment, had a resurgent viral load after stopping his medication …
Laboratory Critical Limits-Reply
Authors: Gerald J. Kost
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We have conducted two parallel national surveys of critical limits. One covered a broad cross section of medical institutions and trauma centers, the other, children's hospitals (Table). The table summarizes the use of SI units for representative critical limit tests and gives the factors for conversion of conventional to SI units.<sup>1</sup>These results (from 92 US medical centers and 39 children's hospitals) lead to the following observations: (1) The majority of hospitals used conventional units, (2) electrolytes with simple conversion factors (eg, × 1) were often listed with SI units, (3) some tests introduced recently (eg, free or "ionized" calcium) were listed with SI units, (4) tests with methods traditionally using SI units (eg, ammonia) were listed that way, (5) tests with noninteger conversion factors (eg, glucose and bilirubin) generally were listed with conventional units, and (6) hematology and blood gas tests were listed with conventional
Flow cytometric technique for the detection of phagocytosed wear particles in patients with total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Yasuo Niki, Hideo Matsumoto, Toshiro Otani, Yasunori Suda, Taku Yatabe, Fumihiro Yoshimine, Makoto Kondo, Yoshiaki Toyama
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Experimental Production of Coronary Arteriosclerosis in Normotensive Animals
Authors: Sam E. Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IN RECENT YEARS, with increasing importance being placed on the cause and the prevention of arteriosclerosis, the experimental production of these lesions has become rather commonplace in the medical literature. Experimental atherosclerosis can be easily induced in the chicken and rabbit, and more recently a regimen has been utilized which has made reproducible lesions possible in the dog. Though large vessel lesions (aorta, carotid, femoral, and so forth) have not been difficult to obtain; there has been some difficult)- in producing coronary arteriosclerosis in the otherwise intact animal, and a method of producing this lesion is the basis of this report.  The recent developments of techniques and procedures satisfactory for the treatment of coronary arteriosclerosis or for myocardia] revascularization have added further impetus to the problem of creating the lesion experimentally so that an adequate test of the postulated surgical procedures may be carried out. It is well known that
The Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Chester M. Edelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

The association of acute hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure was described by Casser et al.1 in 1955. Since that time, several hundred cases have been reported, mainly in children. In adults, the hemolytic-uremic syndrome is often associated with pregnancy. The similarity to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura has suggested to some that the conditions may be related.The pathogenesis of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome has not been established, and, indeed, all cases may not arise from the same pathogenetic mechanisms. Renal lesions have included a severe glomerulitis (termed thrombotic microangiopathy), cortical necrosis and acute necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Fibrinoid necrosis and thrombosis of arteries . . .
Patient reported outcome measures in trials
Authors: A. Garratt
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Are widely available, but need to be standardised and used appropriately

The complete assessment of the benefits of an intervention must include evidence of the effect on the patient’s health status and quality of life. Such evidence is usually based on self administered or interview administered questionnaires, which are increasingly referred to as patient reported outcome measures. Two linked papers (doi:10.1136/bmj.a1190; doi:10.1136/bmj.a3006) raise important questions regarding the standardised application of these measures in randomised controlled trials. The first used several patient reported outcome measures as end points in an international study of combined hormone replacement therapy.1 The second is a systematic review of randomised trials that included the short form 36 item (SF-36) health survey questionnaire as an outcome measure.2

Two broad types of patient reported outcome measures exist—those that …
Unilateral Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Sidney M. Richman, Thomas J. Godar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE fact that a pulmonary infiltrate seen on x-ray study of the chest is unilateral is often considered to favor the diagnosis of an inflammatory or neo-plastic process rather than pulmonary congestion. Nessa and Rigler‡ studied autopsied cases with pulmonary edema. Of 19 in which x-ray examination was adequate there was unilateral involvement in 5. Although this phenomenon is well documented in the radiologic literature, it is perhaps less appreciated in clinical medicine. The following is an example of apparent unilateral pulmonary edema.Case ReportA 64-year-old man entered the Boston Veterans Administration Hospital with a chief complaint of decreasing . . .