tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3903: AltaBluTM and Microfil 3D imaging of tumor vasculature.
Authors: Daniel Small, David Weinstein, Christine O'Day, Glenn Knitter, Naveen Ouellette, Liane Pinkos, Sergio X. Vasquez, Neha Shah
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract As angiogenesis inhibitors have proven to be valuable agents in oncology there is a need to measure changes in vasculature for these and other related agents. Many of the angiogenesis inhibitors, though reducing tumor volume by reducing nutrient access to the tumor, do not always show decreased density of vasculature. This paradox, however, may be attributable to the difficulties of measuring the vasculature. One reason for this problem has been the heterogeneity of vessels in the tumor. With the ability to now scan 360o by 3D microCT imaging of the tumor, all image captured vessels can be measured. Another problem is the limitation of vessel size measured by microCT scanning resolution. Vessels smaller than ∼20 microns cannot be distinguished by size at scan parameters of 10 micron voxel resolution. In addition, agents used for imaging have their own limitations. Microfil is a polymer based radiopaque imaging reagent whereas AltaBlu is a proprietary formulation of a non-soluble radiopaque colloid suspension. For reasons not entirely clear, we do not believe Microfil enters capillaries since we have not observed it in the venous side of an arterial infusion. We believe AltaBluTM, can pass into smaller vessels since we have occasionally seen small amounts on the venous side, but these smaller vessels cannot be adequately measured in diameter by microCT scanning. We hypothesized that even though we may not be able to see smaller vessels by AltaBluTM, we might be able to see more of the smaller vessels due to improved reagent penetration and would therefore be more sensitive to changes in small vessel populations. Herein, we have compared perfusion of tumors via AltaBluTM and Microfil to determine the benefits/detractions of the various agents and used a variety of measuring parameters such as vessel radius, average vessel length, vessel density, tortuosity, and vessel branching factors in AltaViewerTM software to determine the sensitivity of each agent to vascular imaging. Citation Format: Daniel Small, David Weinstein, Christine O'Day, Glenn Knitter, Naveen Ouellette, Liane Pinkos, Sergio X. Vasquez, Neha Shah. AltaBluTM and Microfil 3D imaging of tumor vasculature. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3903. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3903
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in multiple pregnancy.
Authors: N Wald, S Barker, R Peto, D J Brock, J Bonnar
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were higher in 10 twin pregnancies and one triplet pregnancy than in 22 control singleton pregnancies matched for maternal age, parity, and the time of gestation at which the serum sample was taken. In twin pregnancies the average AFP levels were double those found in singleton pregnancies and the level in the triplet pregnancy was even higher. Raised maternal serum AFP values due to multiple pregnancy should not cause unnecessary amniocentesis in the diagnosis of anencephaly or spina bifida if an ultrasound investigation is routinely performed first.
Osteo-Sarcoma of the Femur and Lung
Authors: F. A. Heath
Journal: BMJ (1877)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNA L. 921 with her exhaustion and emaciation to a skeleton, made the diagnosis more than probable, but the specific gravity of the urine (I040) and the chemical analysis confirmed it thoroughly.There appeared scarcely anything to be done for this patient, who constantly felt nausea, and vomited after everything she took; but, of course, the results of my first case, in 1870, made it my duty to resort at once to the D. or dia- betic koumiss of Messrs. Chapman and Co. of London; so it stopped the vomiting, brought on appetite, sleep, and strength, diminished the specific gravity. of the urine to I034.Within ten days, the patient was up again, and in a fortnight she came with her husband and sister to my house.Shortly afterwards, she went into the country to her sister,
BRIEF NOTES OF THREE CASES IN WHICH PREMATURE LABOR WAS INDUCED.
Authors: AUGUSTUS P. CLARKE
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Read before the Cambridge Society for Medical Improvement, Dec. 22, 1884. In one case where the woman was seven months pregnant, and where premature labor was urgently demanded, I used a carbolized sponge tent. This was left in for twenty-four hours, when it was removed and a second one for the same length of time was introdeced. I also used a third tent, well carbolized. After the removal of each tent I disinfected the parts with a 2 per cent. solution of carbolic acid. After the use of the third tent, labor pains began at irregular intervals, and were assisted by digital dilatation of the os uteri. On the fourth day the fœtus (male) weighing six pounds, was expelled alive, and it survived, and the mother, though suffering from some symptoms of septicæmia, recovered, but was unable to nurse her child, owing to the want of a sufficient quantity of
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination — Reasons for Caution
Authors: Charlotte J. Haug
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Despite great expectations and promising results of clinical trials, we still lack sufficient evidence of an effective vaccine against cervical cancer. Several strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer, and two vaccines directed against the currently most important oncogenic strains (i.e., the HPV-16 and HPV-18 serotypes) have been developed. That is the good news. The bad news is that the overall effect of the vaccines on cervical cancer remains unknown. As Kim and Goldie1 point out in this issue of the Journal, the real impact of HPV vaccination on cervical cancer will not be observable for decades.Although . . .
Measurement of gastric emptying in dyspeptic patients: effect of a new gastrokinetic agent (cisapride).
Authors: R Jian, F Ducrot, C Piedeloup, J Y Mary, Y Najean, J J Bernier
Journal: Gut (1985)

Symptoms suggesting gastroparesis in patients without gastric outlet obstruction are very common but their relation to an objective delay of gastric emptying has been poorly investigated. A dual isotopic technique was used to evaluate patients with non-obstructive dyspepsia (idiopathic and secondary) (part 1) and to assess the effects of a new gastrokinetic agent: cisapride, on gastric emptying in such patients (part 2). Sixty patients with postprandial dyspeptic symptoms (vomiting, nausea, gastric bloating or full feeling) and without lesions at upper endoscopy were studied. They were distributed into three groups: idiopathic dyspepsia (n = 31), postvagotomy dyspepsia (n = 16) and dyspepsia secondary to medical disorders (n = 13). All patients ingested the same ordinary meal; 99mTc sulphur colloid tagged egg white was the solid phase marker and 111In chloride was the liquid phase marker. In part 1, evaluation of gastric emptying in the first 50 patients shows a delay of gastric emptying rate of solids and liquids as compared with controls. Striking differences separate the three groups of patients, however, percentages of delayed gastric emptying rate of solids and or liquids averaged 90% in postvagotomy or secondary dyspepsia groups whereas it was 44% in idiopathic dyspepsia group. Moreover, liquid emptying rate was often the only one impaired in idiopathic dyspepsia, and in 12 of the 27 patients of this group the faster emptying rate of liquids as compared with that of solids (always found in normal subjects), could not be evidenced. In part 2, 10 patients entered a double blind cross over study of cisapride (8 mg intravenously). A significant increase of solid (p&lt;0.01) and liquid (p&lt;0.05) emptying rates was found in patients with initial gastric emptying delay. This study emphasises the importance of an objective evaluation of gastric emptying in the presence of symptoms of gastric stasis and suggests that specific local acting therapy may be useful in patients with identified abnormal gastric emptying.
Gain- and Loss-of-Function Lyn Mutant Mice Define a Critical Inhibitory Role for Lyn in the Myeloid Lineage
Authors: Kenneth W. Harder, Linda M. Parsons, Jane Armes, Natalie Evans, Nicole Kountouri, Roslyn Clark, Cathy Quilici, Dianne Grail, George S. Hodgson, Ashley R. Dunn, Margaret L. Hibbs
Journal: Immunity (2001)
Targeted gene delivery of BMPR2 attenuates pulmonary hypertension
Authors: A.M. Reynolds, M.D. Holmes, S.M. Danilov, P.N. Reynolds
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a fatal disease despite modern pharmacotherapy. Mutations in the gene for bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II ( BMPR2 ) lead to reduced BMPR2 expression, which is causally linked to PAH. BMPR2 is predominantly expressed on pulmonary endothelium and has complex interactions with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling mechanisms. Our objectives were to assess the effect on PAH of upregulating BMPR2 by targeted adenoviral BMPR2 gene delivery to the pulmonary vascular endothelium. We used two established rat models of PAH: chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline (MCT). In both hypertensive models, those receiving BMPR2 had less right ventricular hypertrophy, less pulmonary vascular resistance, improved cardiac function and reduced vascular remodelling. In the MCT model, there was an increase in TGF-β, which was prevented by BMPR2 treatment. In vitro , TGF-β1-induced endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, which was associated with reduced BMPR2 expression. EndMT was partially ameliorated by stimulating BMPR2 signalling with appropriate ligands even in the ongoing presence of TGF-β1. Collectively, these results indicate therapeutic potential for upregulation of the BMPR2 axis in PAH, which may be, in part, mediated by countering the remodelling effects of TGF-β.
Evidence for Renotrophin as a Causal Factor in Renal Hypertension
Authors: E. BRAUN-MENÉNDEZ
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Most of the methods used for the production of experimental renal hypertension involve a reduction in the amount of functional renal tissue. According to the renotrophin hypothesis, the blood pressure of animals with experimental hypertension should be reduced or normalized if the rate of production of renotrophin is reduced (hypophysectomy, thyroidectomy, low protein diet) or if the functional renal mass is increased (kidney transplant, parabiosis). Conversely, the blood pressure should rise to higher levels or hypertension develop if the rate of production of renotrophin is increased (thyroid hormones, somatotrophin, testosterone, thyrotrophin, gonadotrophin in males, protein-rich diets) or if the functional renal mass is further reduced (sensitizing actions of unilateral nephrectomy, etc.). Experimental evidence to be presented conforms with the renotrophin hypothesis and its 4 corollaries.
James Anthony Bennett
Authors: N. R Bennett
Journal: BMJ (2009)

James Anthony Bennett was born in Bristol on 6 October 1937. It was here that he attended school, received his undergraduate medical education, and worked for most of his life, eventually settling in South Gloucestershire, where he had been evacuated during the second world war.

After qualification, he was appointed to hospital posts in Plymouth, Ham Green, and Hayle. After a year in general medicine, he commenced training in anaesthesia in Bristol and Liverpool.

He returned to Bristol as lecturer and in 1972 was appointed senior lecturer and honorary consultant to the United Bristol Hospitals. Subsequently, he spent a year as acting head of the University Department of Anaesthesia. In 1976, he was appointed to an NHS consultant post in the prestigious clinical department at Frenchay Hospital, …
Genetic lesions associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia chemo-refractoriness
Authors: Monica Messina, Ilaria Del Giudice, Hossein Khiabanian, Davide Rossi, Sabina Chiaretti, Silvia Rasi, Valeria Spina, Antony B. Holmes, Marilisa Marinelli, Giulia Fabbri, Alfonso Piciocchi, Francesca R. Mauro, Anna Guarini, Gianluca Gaidano, Riccardo Dalla-Favera, Laura Pasqualucci, Raul Rabadan, Robin Foà
Journal: Blood (2014)
Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
Authors: Katherine M. Newton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters4 September 2007Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of MenopauseKatherine M. Newton, PhD, Susan D. Reed, MD, MPH, and Andrea Z. LaCroix, PhDKatherine M. Newton, PhDFrom Group Health Center for Health Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101.Search for more papers by this author, Susan D. Reed, MD, MPHFrom Group Health Center for Health Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101.Search for more papers by this author, and Andrea Z. LaCroix, PhDFrom Group Health Center for Health Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-5-200709040-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We do not agree with Mr. Krueger that a within-participant design would have been preferable. A valid crossover study requires sufficient time for the effects of 1 drug to “wash out” before treatment with a second drug can begin. The time needed for the effects of herbal treatments to wash out is unknown, so a crossover study would be subject to the criticism that the effects of 1 drug contaminated the effects of the others. Exposing each woman in our study to all treatments would have required 14 months of participation, introducing unnecessary logistical and analytic complexity. This ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Katherine M. Newton, PhD; Susan D. Reed, MD, MPH; Andrea Z. LaCroix, PhDAffiliations: From Group Health Center for Health Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause with Black Cohosh, Multibotanicals, Soy, Hormone Therapy, or Placebo Katherine M. Newton , Susan D. Reed , Andrea Z. LaCroix , Louis C. Grothaus , Kelly Ehrlich , and Jane Guiltinan Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Jonathan P. Krueger Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Baoming Ge Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Jonathan R. Byron Metrics 4 September 2007Volume 147, Issue 5Page: 347KeywordsAdverse eventsBone densityConflicts of interestDrugsGlycosidesMenopause ePublished: 4 September 2007 Issue Published: 4 September 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Trichinosis from New England Bear Meat
Authors: Harry A. Roselle, David T. Schwartz, Francis G. Geer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ALTHOUGH trichinosis is widespread in its subclinical manifestations it may occur as a serious illness especially if myocarditis and encephalitis are complicating factors. Whereas infection classically arises from eating of pork, bear meat is a well recognized source of the disease in Alaska, Canada and Northern Europe. The epidemic reported here constitutes the first outbreak of trichinosis due to New England bear meat. All the patients purchased the bear meat at the same country store in Vermont.Case ReportsCase 1. W.R., a 45-year-old insurance underwriter, entered St. Luke's Hospital on September 23, 1963, complaining of periorbital swelling for 2 . . .
More evidence is needed to determine course of ex-drummer's death, judge rules
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A minimally conscious former drummer being cared for at Hallamshire Hospital in Sheffield would have wanted to end his days at his ex-wife’s house and not in hospital or a specialist nursing home, a High Court judge has decided. Mr Justice Hayden made the preliminary ruling in the case of TH, a 52 year old ex-drummer who has brain stem degeneration and a life expectancy of no more than 18 months.

The judge said that the real question in the case was whether it was in TH’s best interests to continue receiving artificial nutrition, hydration, and medication. But he deferred a final decision until later in the summer, after structured tests have been carried out to assess TH’s …
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on aspirin-induced damage and potential difference changes in human gastric mucosa
Authors: B. K Bowen, W. J Krause, K. J Ivey
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Two aspirin tablets in 100 ml fluid will produce microscopical damage to the human stomach. A study was performed to determine whether a small amount of sodium bicarbonate (equivalent to one-third of a teaspoonful of baking soda) could protect against this damage. Sequential gastric biopsy specimens were taken from 15 healthy subjects before, during, and after intragastric instillation of one of the following isotonic solutions: saline; sodium bicarbonate; 600 mg aspirin suspended in sodium bicarbonate; and aspirin suspended in saline. On a separate day the same solutions were instilled, but gastric transmucosal potential differences were monitored. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the biopsy specimens showed occasional mucous degranulation of mucosal surface cells, but no cell damage during instillation of sodium bicarbonate. Light microscopy studies 10 minutes after aspirin in saline showed damage in 20% of surface cells, with focal areas of cellular disruption and microscopic erosions, but only 3.4% of cells were damaged after aspirin in bicarbonate and there were no erosions. Electron microscopy showed a damaged honeycombed appearance of surface epithelium after aspirin in saline and a normal cobblestone appearance after aspirin in bicarbonate. Aspirin dissolved in bicarbonate failed to induce the usual fall in potential difference.These findings indicate that sodium bicarbonate in amounts equivalent to one-third of a teaspoonful of baking soda protects the gastric mucosa against aspirin-induced damage and prevents the usual fall in potential difference after aspirin.
How do animals solve object-recognition tasks?
Authors: Dave G. Mumby
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

This commentary reviews recent evidence that some hippo- campal functions do not depend on perirhinal inputs and discusses how the multiple-process model of recognition may shed interpretive light on previous reports of DNMS reacquisition deficits in pretrained subjects with hippocampal damage. Suggestions are made for determining whether nonhuman subjects solve object-recognition tasks using recollective memory or familiarity judgments.
"DENTAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES"
Authors: William J. Gies
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, April 23, 1932, page 1498 appeared a review of a pamphlet entitled Some Phases of Dental Education in the United States, by Alfred Owre, dean of the Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery. The pamphlet is notable as one of the most inaccurate and misleading publications ever issued in the name of dentistry. Your reviewer "fell for" its most unjust implications. It is untrue, for example, that obstacles have been thrown in the way of any dental educational program at Columbia, and the Dental Educational Council has been squarely behind the movement that eliminated all the proprietary dental schools. Several are still independent, like Jefferson Medical College. I called attention, in the issue of the<i>Journal of Dental Research</i>for October, 1932, to some of Dr. Owre's misrepresentations, in the pamphlet, of the Carnegie Foundation's study of dental education. The president of
Application of statistical methods for the analysis or interval related cardiac performance variations during cardiac arrhythmia in man
Authors: K P PFEIFFER, T KENNER, J SCHAEFER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Journal Article Application of statistical methods for the analysis or interval related cardiac performance variations during cardiac arrhythmia in man Get access K P PFEIFFER, K P PFEIFFER ‡ **From the Institute of Physiology, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Austria ‡Karl Peter Pfeiffer, Institute of Physiology, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Harrachgasse 21/5, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T KENNER, T KENNER **From the Institute of Physiology, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J SCHAEFER J SCHAEFER †Kurklinik Küppelsmühle, Bad Orb,GFR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 18, Issue 2, February 1984, Pages 80–98, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/18.2.80 Published: 01 February 1984
Anti-LW Antibody Production in a Child with Combined Immune Deficiency Disease (Thymic Alymphoplsia)
Authors: Mary Ann South, Kenneth A. Starling, Donald J. Fernbach
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

IN 1967 a six-month-old boy was evaluated for severe moniliasis and persistent pneumonia. A diagnosis of thymic alymphoplasia was established by the following data: low gamma-globulin levels, absence of isohemagglutinins and positive Schick test after DPT immunization; absence of delayed hypersensitivity skin responses to eight antigens and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene sensitization; failure of in vitro proliferative response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin and DPT stimulation; lymphopenia; and lymphoid tissue morphology typical of thymic alymphoplasia, the sex-linked form of lymphopenic agammaglobulinemia, according to the criteria of Hoyer et al.1 There was no family history of similar cases. Serum immune globulin analysis done by the . . .
Staff and associate specialist doctors demand new contract
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Doctors at the BMA's annual representatives' meeting gave overwhelming support to the bid of their colleagues at staff and associate specialist (SAS) grade to secure a new contract.

The BMA has given the Treasury until 27 July to ratify the contract, which was submitted by the BMA and NHS Employers to ministers for approval at the end of November last year. Only after the new contract has been signed off can SAS doctors be balloted on whether to accept it. If the BMA does not hear by the deadline it will convene “an …
Reappraisal of Breast Biopsy Prompted by the Use of Lumpectomy
Authors: Bernard Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1985)

NOT LONG ago, a one-stage procedure was standard for diagnosing and treating breast cancer. While such a course of action has decreased in popularity, it is still frequently employed. With that strategy, excisional biopsy, frozen section diagnosis, and mastectomy, if the tissue is malignant, are sequentially performed with general anesthesia. Since the approach best fulfills the Halstedian priniciples governing cancer surgery, it cannot be criticized if the surgeon continues to adhere to those precepts. When the one-stage procedure is used, it is not so critical that the biopsy completely remove all of the tumor since mastectomy immediately follows a positive biopsy finding. Under those circumstances, the role of the pathologist is to determine the diagnosis and not to decide whether the margins of the biopsy specimen are tumor free. When there is a high index of suspicion that the lesion is cancer, the biopsy is usually planned with little or