tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Experimental Prostate Cancer Drugs Slow Disease Progression
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Referrals from a primary care-based sports medicine department to an orthopaedic department: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Robert D Menzies, Richard A Young
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

To describe the impact of an expanded primary care-based sports medicine clinic on referrals to an orthopaedics clinic and to describe the patients seen and procedures performed.Retrospective cohort study.Primary care-based sports medicine clinic and orthopaedics clinic at a tax-supported American safety net healthcare system.All patients referred to the sports medicine clinic by other primary care physicians over a 1-year time period of July 2006-June 2007.The referral rate from sports medicine clinic to orthopaedics clinic, the percentage of referred patients who were recommended surgery by the orthopaedists, the change in average waiting time to be seen in orthopaedics clinic and the most common conditions and procedures.4925 patients were seen by the sports medicine department; 118 (2.4%) of those patients were referred to the orthopaedic department. Of the referred patients, surgery was offered by orthopaedists to 80 (68%) patients. The average wait for initial consultation by the orthopaedic spine clinic decreased from 199 to 70 days; the wait for general orthopaedic clinic decreased from 97 to 19 days. No single patient complaint or musculoskeletal pathology predominated: knee degenerative joint disease (25.3%), mechanical low back pain (21.6%) and lumbar disc disease (19.9%). Knee injections and epidural steroid injections were the most common procedures performed.Very few patients with musculoskeletal pathology were referred by a primary care-based sports medicine clinic to an orthopaedics clinic. Of the referred patients, sports medicine physicians and orthopaedists frequently agreed on the need for surgery. Expansion of a primary care-based sports medicine service could help relieve overburdened orthopaedics departments of patients with conditions not requiring surgery.
Re: Regionalization of Perinatal Services-Reply
Authors: Marie C. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— We wish to thank Dr Hein for pointing out some potential areas of confusion in the article, and apologize for any errors. The first comment concerning the comparison areas reflects a typographical error in Table 1. The subheadings should not read  Regions and Comparison Areas but Region and Definition. The asterisk identifying the RWJF regions should be next to Syracuse and the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York, Arizona, Cleveland, the three areas in Los Angeles, and Dallas County, Texas. As noted in the text, data from Oklahoma, the comparison area for Arizona, were only partially available, and this state was not included in the table. We also wish to assure Dr Hein that neonatal mortality rates were calculated using deaths through 27 days of life (ie, <28 days).In responding to the more general concerns, we wish to reinforce our conclusions that the regionalization of
Reproducibility of the Diagnosis of Diabetes Over a 30-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Eveline Eschwège, Marie Aline Charles, Dominique Simon, Nadine Thibult, Beverley Balkau
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—To describe the change in diabetic status over 30 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Cohort study of 5,400 Caucasian men from the Paris Prospective Study, aged 44–55 years, who were not known as having diabetes at baseline. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at baseline and after 30 months. RESULTS—At baseline, diabetes was diagnosed in 2.9% of the men by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/l and in 0.9% by isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia (IPH) (FPG &amp;lt;7.0 mmol/l and 2-h plasma glucose concentration ≥11.1 mmol/l), i.e., one in four of all men with newly diagnosed diabetes. Thirty months later, 42% of the men with diabetes diagnosed by FPG reverted to nondiabetic status, compared with 72% of those with diabetes diagnosed by IPH (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). For the men with diabetes diagnosed by FPG at baseline, diabetes had been diagnosed by a physician at 30 months in 11.5%, in contrast to only 3.9% of those with diabetes diagnosed by IPH (P &amp;lt; 0.05). For the 51 men with diabetes diagnosed by IPH at baseline, those who reverted to nondiabetic status had a lower frequency of family history of diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.1), a higher mean corpuscular volume (P &amp;lt; 0.08), and a significantly higher total cholesterol concentration (P &amp;lt; 0.006) at baseline; in contrast, for the 156 men with diabetes diagnosed by FPG at baseline, the men who reverted to nondiabetic status and those who remained diabetic had similar characteristics. CONCLUSIONS—In this epidemiological study, diabetes diagnosed by one FPG concentration was more stable than diabetes diagnosed by one IPH; in clinical practice, the diagnosis of diabetes requires confirmation of the hyperglycemia.
(34) Multiple basal cell epitheliomata and skeletal changes
Authors: R.D.G. Peachey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article (34) Multiple basal cell epitheliomata and skeletal changes Get access R.D.G. Peachey R.D.G. Peachey Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 72–73, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14342.x Published: 01 December 1977
Src Homology 2 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (SHPTP2)/Src Homology 2 Phosphatase 2 (SHP2) Tyrosine Phosphatase Is a Positive Regulator of the Interleukin 5 Receptor Signal Transduction Pathways Leading to the Prolongation of Eosinophil Survival
Authors: Konrad Pazdrak, Tetsuya Adachi, Rafeul Alam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) regulates the growth and function of eosinophils. It induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of Lyn and Jak2 tyrosine kinases. The role of tyrosine phosphatases in IL-5 signal transduction has not been investigated. In this study, we provide first evidence that SH2 protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHPTP2) phosphotyrosine phosphatase plays a key role in prevention of eosinophil death by IL-5. We found that IL-5 produced a rapid activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPTP2 within 1 min. The tyrosine phosphorylated SHPTP2 was complexed with the adapter protein Grb2 in IL-5–stimulated eosinophils. Furthermore, SHPTP2 appeared to physically associate with β common (βc) chain of the IL-5 receptor (IL-5βcR). The association of SHPTP2 with IL-5βcR was reconstituted using a synthetic phosphotyrosine-containing peptide, βc 605–624, encompassing tyrosine (Y)612. The binding to the phosphotyrosine-containing peptide increased the phosphatase activity of SHPTP2, whereas the same peptide with the phosphorylated Y612→ F mutation did not activate SHPTP2. Only SHPTP2 antisense oligonucleotides, but not sense SHPTP2, could inhibit tyrosine phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein kinase, and reverse the eosinophil survival advantage provided by IL-5. Therefore, we conclude that the physical association of SHPTP2 with the phosphorylated βc receptor and Grb2 and its early activation are required for the coupling of the receptor to the Ras signaling pathway and for prevention of eosinophil death by IL-5.
Nicotinamide Saturation Test
Authors: P. Ellinger, S. W. Hardwick
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Effect of Temperature on Oxygen Poisoning Previous work had indicated that the lowering of the environmental temperature increased the oxygen tolerance of small experimental animals (de Almeida, 1934; Campbell, 1937).Three series at 50 ft.were performed, at 87.50 F. (30.80 C.) (steam-heated), at 450 F. (7.20 C.) (icecooled), and control exposures at 65°F.(18.30C.).Divers were allowed to vary their underwear under the suit as the application of this work to operational problems was the first consideration.It is doubted if these exposures could have been tolerated without this variation in clothing.No exercise was carried out.This was advantageous at a higher temperature but disadvantageous to the diver in cold water.The divers complained bitterly of the cold and found the heated dives equally uncomfortable.These experiments showed that oxygen tolerance was equally affected by heat and cold.Although the performances below 30 minutes were only slightly impaired all outstanding performances were eliminated.It is possible that this delayed effect was due to changes in body temperature, as symptoms suggested that this occurred after about 20 minutes.
Efficacy of human rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis during the first 2 years of life in European infants: randomised, double-blind controlled study
Authors: T Vesikari, A Karvonen, R Prymula, V Schuster, JC Tejedor, R Cohen, F Meurice, HH Han, S Damaso, A Bouckenooghe
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
ACC/AHA Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Revision of the 1993 PTCA Guidelines)—Executive Summary
Authors: Sidney C. Smith, James T. Dove, Alice K. Jacobs, J. Ward Kennedy, Dean Kereiakes, Morton J. Kern, Richard E. Kuntz, Jeffery J. Popma, Hartzell V. Schaff, David O. Williams, Raymond J. Gibbons, Joseph P. Alpert, Kim A. Eagle, David P. Faxon, Valentin Fuster, Timothy J. Gardner, Gabriel Gregoratos, Richard O. Russell, Sidney C. Smith
Journal: Circulation (2001)

to complement, not replace, sound medical judgment and knowledge.They are intended for operators who possess the cognitive and technical skills for performing PCI and assume that facilities and resources required to properly perform PCI are available.As in the past, the indications are categorized as Class I, II, or III based on a multifactorial assessment of risk as well as expected efficacy viewed in the context of current knowledge and the relative strength of this knowledge.Initially, this document describes the background information that forms the foundation for specific indications.Topics fundamental to coronary intervention are reviewed followed by separate discussions relating to unique technical and operational issues.Formal recommendations for the use of angioplasty are included in Section V. Indications are organized according to clinical presentation.This format is designed to enhance the usefulness of this document for the assessment and care of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).This document employs the ACC/AHA style classification as Class I, II, or III.These classes summarize the indications for PCI as follows: Class I:Conditions for which there is evidence for and/or general agreement that the procedure or treatment is useful and effective.Class II: Conditions for which there is conflicting evidence and/or a divergence of opinion about the usefulness/efficacy of a procedure or treatment.Class IIa: Weight of evidence/opinion is in favor of usefulness/efficacy.Class IIb: Usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion.Class III: Conditions for which there is evidence and/or general agreement that the procedure/treatment is not useful/effective, and in some cases may be harmful.The weight of evidence in support of the recommendation for each listed indication is presented as follows: Level of EvidenceA: Data derived from multiple randomized clinical trials.Level of Evidence B: Data derived from a single randomized trial or nonrandomized studies.Level of Evidence C: Consensus opinion of experts.The ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that might arise as a result of an outside relationship or personal interest of a member of the writing panel.Specifically, all members of the writing panel are asked to provide disclosure statements of all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest.These statements are reviewed by the parent task force, reported orally to all members of the writing panel at the first meeting, and updated as changes occur.
Activation of Invariant NKT Cells by Toll-like Receptor 9-Stimulated Dendritic Cells Requires Type I Interferon and Charged Glycosphingolipids
Authors: Christophe Paget, Thierry Mallevaey, Anneliese O. Speak, David Torres, Josette Fontaine, Kathleen C.F. Sheehan, Monique Capron, Bernhard Ryffel, Christelle Faveeuw, Maria Leite de Moraes, Frances Platt, François Trottein
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Traumatic Brain Injury a Growing Problem Among Troops Serving in Today’s Wars
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
S134 High prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in patients meeting clinico-radiological profile for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: L. E. E. Schomberg, A. Draper, I. Vlahos, A. Devaraj, A. Nair, F. Chua
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> IPF and ischaemic cardiac disease may share pathological similarities including aberrant tissue remodelling. Given their recognised heterogeneity, we hypothesised that patterns of IPF (usual interstitial pneumonia, UIP; non-specific interstitial pneumonia, NSIP; indeterminate UIP-NSIP) may inter-relate differently with the prevalence of IHD and associated co-morbidities. <h3>Methods</h3> Ethical approval was obtained to identify all cases of IPF undergoing high-resolution CT between 2003 and 2010. Details of cardiac disease and its management (risk factors, drug treatment, coronary angiography and revascularisation) were included. Consensus radiological diagnoses were reached by 2 chest physicians and 2 thoracic radiologists. Comparison of multiple variables was undertaken using logistic regression (STATA V.11). <h3>Results</h3> Of 256 potentially suitable cases, 96 fulfilled ascertainment and were consented: 38 (40%) UIP, 44 (48%) NSIP and 14 (16%) indeterminate (INDET) pattern. An inter-observer k coefficient of 0.56 was calculated for radiological agreement. Regardless of morphological pattern, patients with IPF had a significant cardiovascular risk profile. Where present, IHD predated IPF in the majority of cases, with the highest occurrence (58%) in the UIP subgroup. UIP patients were of comparable age, gender frequency, smoking status and had similar rates of major cardiovascular risk factors as NSIP and INDET subjects. Crucially, they were 2.5 times more likely than NSIP patients to have IHD after adjustment for key determinants of smoking, gender, DM, HTN, hypercholesterolaemia and BMI. On univariate analysis, BMI was significantly higher in the NSIP subgroup (p=0.025 vs UIP or INDET). Rates of STEMI and strokes were highest in UIP cases (n/s) whereas that of CABG was highest in the INDET subgroup. These observations were corrected for IPF severity in so far as FVC and DL<sub>CO</sub> were decreased comparably across all three radiological subgroups. Evaluation of co-existing COPD was not undertaken; however, mean FEV<sub>1</sub> did not differ between groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Amongst patients with clinical IPF, UIP morphology correlates with the highest risk of cardiovascular morbidity compared to NSIP. A tendency for ischaemic heart disease to precede IPF in the majority of cases suggests the possibility that broader systemic or cardiac-specific factors may influence the pathogenesis of these pulmonary disorders.
Transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells loaded on collagen scaffolds for the treatment of traumatic brain injury in rats
Authors: Jian Guan, Zhaohui Zhu, Robert Chunhua Zhao, Zhifeng Xiao, Chenxi Wu, Qin Han, Lei Chen, Weimin Tong, Jin Zhang, Qianqian Han, Jun Gao, Ming Feng, Xinjie Bao, Jianwu Dai, Renzhi Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Diabetes in tropical Africa: a prospective study, 1981-7. I. Characteristics of newly presenting patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 1981-7.
Authors: A B Swai, J Lutale, D G McLarty
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To study the clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed diabetic patients in tropical Africa.Prospective study of all newly diagnosed diabetic patients registered at a major urban hospital between 1 June 1981 and 31 May 1987.Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.1250 Patients: 874 men, 376 women.272 (21.8%) Patients had diabetes requiring insulin, 825 (66.0%) had diabetes not requiring insulin, and 153 (12.2%) had diabetes of uncertain type. Most patients (1103, 88.2%) presented with the classic symptoms of diabetes. The peak time of presentation of diabetic patients requiring insulin was at age 15 to 19 years. Male manual workers and peasant farmers with diabetes not requiring insulin presented at a significantly older age and had a lower body mass index than sedentary office workers. Forty six (18.1%) of the patients requiring insulin diabetes and 111 (14.4%) not requiring insulin had first degree relative with diabetes. Twenty seven per cent of patients were underweight (body mass index less than 20 kg/m2) and 14.6% were obese (body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2). Hypertension was diagnosed in 211 (26.7%) of 791 patients not requiring insulin. Nine (3.3%) of those requiring insulin may have had the protein deficient type of diabetes related to malnutrition. The fibrocalculous variety of diabetes related to malnutrition was not observed.Newly presenting diabetic patients in Tanzania with diabetes requiring insulin are older at presentation than those in Britain; most diabetic patients present with diabetes not requiring insulin and a smaller proportion of Tanzanian patients are obese. Most have a lower socioeconomic state than diabetic patients in Britain. There are often delays in diagnosis in Tanzania, and there is a higher incidence of death shortly after presentation.
Epidemiological studies of the respiratory effects of air pollution
Authors: MD Lebowitz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Environmental epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution have been major contributors to the understanding of such effects. The chronic effects of atmospheric pollutants have been studied, but, except for the known respiratory effects of particulate matter (PM), they have not been studied conclusively. There are ongoing studies of the chronic effects of certain pollutant classes, such as ozone, acid rain, airborne toxics, and the chemical form of PM (including diesel exhaust). Acute effects on humans due to outdoor and indoor exposures to several gases/fumes and PM have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. However, the effects of these environmental factors on susceptible individuals are not known conclusively. These acute effects are especially important because they increase the human burden of minor illnesses, increase disability, and are thought to decrease productivity. They may be related to the increased likelihood of chronic disease as well. Further research is needed in this latter area, to determine the contributions of the time-related activities of individuals in different microenvironments (outdoors, in homes, in transit). Key elements of further studies are the assessment of total exposure to the different pollutants (occurring from indoor and outdoor source) and the interactive effects of pollutants. Major research areas include determination of the contributions of indoor sources and of vehicle emissions to total exposure, how to measure such exposures, and how to measure human susceptibility and responses (including those at the cellular and molecular level). Biomarkers of exposures, doses and responses, including immunochemicals, biochemicals and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts, are beginning to promote some basic knowledge of exposure-response, especially the mechanisms. These will be extremely useful additions to standard physiological, immunological, and clinical instruments, and the understanding of biological plausibility. The outcomes of all this work will be the management of risks and the prevention of respiratory diseases related to air pollution.
Role of inhibition of atrial natriuretic factor release in the down-regulation of salt excretion
Authors: Giuseppe Conte, Giulio Romano, Vincenzo Sepe, Luca De Nicola, Massimo Sabbatini, Domenico Russo, Bruno Memoli, Biagio Ungaro, Giorgio Fuiano, Alfredo Caglioti, Antonio Dal Canton
Journal: Kidney International (1992)
Biodiesel Exhaust: The Need for Health Effects Research
Authors: Kimberly J. Swanson, Michael C. Madden, Andrew J. Ghio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Biodiesel is a diesel fuel alternative that has shown potential of becoming a commercially accepted part of the United States' energy infrastructure. In November 2004, the signing of the Jobs Creation Bill HR 4520 marked an important turning point for the future production of biodiesel in the United States because it offers a federal excise tax credit. By the end of 2005, industry production was 75 million gallons, a 300% increase in 1 year. Current industry capacity, however, stands at just over 300 million gallons/year, and current expansion and new plant construction could double the industry's capacity within a few years. Biodiesel exhaust emission has been extensively characterized under field and laboratory conditions, but there have been limited cytotoxicity and mutagenicity studies on the effects of biodiesel exhaust in biologic systems.We reviewed pertinent medical literature and addressed recommendations on testing specific research needs in the field of biodiesel toxicity.Employment of biodiesel fuel is favorably viewed, and there are suggestions that its exhaust emissions are less likely to present any risk to human health relative to petroleum diesel emissions.The speculative nature of a reduction in health effects based on chemical composition of biodiesel exhaust needs to be followed up with investigations in biologic systems.