tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genital HIV-1 RNA Predicts Risk of Heterosexual HIV-1 Transmission
Authors: Jared M. Baeten, Erin Kahle, Jairam R. Lingappa, Robert W. Coombs, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Edith Nakku-Joloba, Nelly R. Mugo, Anna Wald, Lawrence Corey, Deborah Donnell, Mary S. Campbell, James I. Mullins, Connie Celum
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

Genital HIV-1 RNA quantity predicts risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission independently of plasma HIV-1 concentration.
Pulmonary embolism and bone cement.
Authors: A H Ratliff, J A Clement
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Change is not always for the better.Which of us wants a pile of near hospitalsized folders on his desk or in his car?As for the option to use the new size-as soon as patients start to move about the country there will no longer be an option; every doctor will have to use some of the new size.We are being offered a few hours of super-efficient note-finding in the distant future for several chaotic years of mixed sizes and unequal filing systems now.No doubt the planners, after their efforts, wish to achieve something.Let them remember: Printnim non nocere.-Iam, etc.,
96 Estrogens and IGF1 promote the proliferation of hepatic cyst epithelium in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
Authors: A. Torrice, D. Alvaro, P. Onori, A. Franchitto, M.G. Mancino, G. Alpini, D.M. Jefferson, M. Angelico, M. Strazzabosco, A.F. Attili, G. Battisti, E. Gaudio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
IN-SEGMENT ANGIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT AT FOLLOW-UP AFTER SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH LATE RESTENOSIS, NOT WITH STENT THROMBOSIS
Authors: Shinichiro Miyazaki, Yoshikazu Hiasa, Koichi Kishi, Takefumi Takahashi, Yudai Yano, Hirotoshi Chen, Keitaro Mahara, Riyo Ogura, Shinobu Hosokawa, Ryuji Ohtani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Final Efficacy and Safety Results of Pemetrexed Continuation Maintenance Therapy in the Elderly from the PARAMOUNT Phase III Study
Authors: Cesare Gridelli, Filippo de Marinis, Michael Thomas, Kumar Prabhash, Claude El Kouri, Fiona Blackhall, Frederique Bustin, Jean-Louis Pujol, William J. John, Belen San Antonio, Annamaria Zimmermann, Nadia Chouaki, Carla Visseren-Grul, Luis G. Paz-Ares
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Nomogram to Diagnose Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia on the Basis of Results of a 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Mario J. Veerkamp, Jacqueline de Graaf, Jan C.M. Hendriks, Pierre N.M. Demacker, Anton F.H. Stalenhoef
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is traditionally diagnosed by total plasma cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels above the 90th percentile adjusted for age and gender. In a recent study, we showed that the diagnosis of FCH on the basis of these diagnostic criteria was inconsistent in 26% of the subjects over a 5-year period. This result emphasizes the need for reevaluation of the diagnostic criteria for FCH.A total of 32 families (299 subjects) were studied in 1994 and 1999. A subject was defined "truly" FCH when diagnosed FCH in 1994 and/or 1999 on the basis of traditional plasma lipid criteria. Additional lipid and lipoprotein parameters, including apolipoprotein B (apoB) and small, dense LDL, were measured at both time points. In total, 121 subjects (40%) were defined as truly FCH. Multivariate analysis revealed that absolute apoB values combined with triglyceride and total cholesterol levels adjusted for age and gender best predicted truly FCH. A nomogram including these parameters is provided to simply and accurately calculate the probability to be affected by FCH. Furthermore, it is shown that when percentiles of triglyceride and total cholesterol adjusted for age and gender are not available in a population, the definition of FCH can be established on the basis of hypertriglyceridemia (>1.5 mmol/L) and hyper-apoB (>1200 mg/L).The diagnosis of FCH is best predicted by absolute apoB levels combined with triglyceride and total cholesterol levels adjusted for age and gender and can accurately be calculated by a nomogram. This definition is also a good predictor of cardiovascular risk in FCH.
Binding of the Inward Rectifier K+ Channel Kir 2.3 to PSD-95 Is Regulated by Protein Kinase A Phosphorylation
Authors: Noam A. Cohen, Jay E. Brenman, Solomon H. Snyder, David S. Bredt
Journal: Neuron (1996)

Dynamic regulation of ion channel interactions with the cytoskeleton mediates aspects of synaptic plasticity, yet mechanisms for this process are largely unknown. Here, we report that two inwardly rectifying K+ channels, Kir 2.1 and 2.3, bind to PSD-95, a cytoskeletal protein of postsynaptic densities that clusters NMDA receptors and voltage-dependent K+ channels. Kir 2.3 colocalizes with PSD-95 in neuronal populations in forebrain, and a PSD-95/Kir 2.3 complex occurs in hippocampus. Within the C-terminal tail of Kir 2.3, a serine residue critical for interaction with PSD-95, is also a substrate for phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). Stimulation of PKA in intact cells causes rapid dissociation of the channel from PSD-95. This work identifies a physiological mechanism for regulating ion channel interactions with the postsynaptic density.
Effect of Five Genetic Variants Associated with Lung Function on the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, and Their Joint Effects on Lung Function
Authors: María Soler Artigas, Louise V. Wain, Emmanouela Repapi, Ma'en Obeidat, Ian Sayers, Paul R. Burton, Toby Johnson, Jing Hua Zhao, Eva Albrecht, Anna F. Dominiczak, Shona M. Kerr, Blair H. Smith, Gemma Cadby, Jennie Hui, Lyle J. Palmer, Aroon D. Hingorani, S. Goya Wannamethee, Peter H. Whincup, Shah Ebrahim, George Davey Smith, Inês Barroso, Ruth J. F. Loos, Nicholas J. Wareham, Cyrus Cooper, Elaine Dennison, Seif O. Shaheen, Jason Z. Liu, Jonathan Marchini, Santosh Dahgam, Åsa Torinsson Naluai, Anna-Carin Olin, Stefan Karrasch, Joachim Heinrich, Holger Schulz, Tricia M. McKeever, Ian D. Pavord, Markku Heliövaara, Samuli Ripatti, Ida Surakka, John D. Blakey, Mika Kähönen, John R. Britton, Fredrik Nyberg, John W. Holloway, Debbie A. Lawlor, Richard W. Morris, Alan L. James, Cathy M. Jackson, Ian P. Hall, Martin D. Tobin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Genomic loci are associated with FEV1 or the ratio of FEV1 to FVC in population samples, but their association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not yet been proven, nor have their combined effects on lung function and COPD been studied.To test association with COPD of variants at five loci (TNS1, GSTCD, HTR4, AGER, and THSD4) and to evaluate joint effects on lung function and COPD of these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and variants at the previously reported locus near HHIP.By sampling from 12 population-based studies (n = 31,422), we obtained genotype data on 3,284 COPD case subjects and 17,538 control subjects for sentinel SNPs in TNS1, GSTCD, HTR4, AGER, and THSD4. In 24,648 individuals (including 2,890 COPD case subjects and 13,862 control subjects), we additionally obtained genotypes for rs12504628 near HHIP. Each allele associated with lung function decline at these six SNPs contributed to a risk score. We studied the association of the risk score to lung function and COPD.Association with COPD was significant for three loci (TNS1, GSTCD, and HTR4) and the previously reported HHIP locus, and suggestive and directionally consistent for AGER and TSHD4. Compared with the baseline group (7 risk alleles), carrying 10-12 risk alleles was associated with a reduction in FEV1 (β = -72.21 ml, P = 3.90 × 10(-4)) and FEV1/FVC (β = -1.53%, P = 6.35 × 10(-6)), and with COPD (odds ratio = 1.63, P = 1.46 × 10(-5)).Variants in TNS1, GSTCD, and HTR4 are associated with COPD. Our highest risk score category was associated with a 1.6-fold higher COPD risk than the population average score.
Nonischemic Myocardial Changes Detected by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Critical Care Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Yasmin Siddiqui, Elliott D. Crouser, Subha V. Raman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed 900 leukocytes with 88% neutrophils.PCR-based detection of cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, Aspergillus sp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Pneumocystis jiroveci were negative.Specific PCR, targeting repeated sequences, detected T. whipplei in significant concentrations (8 3 10 4 /ml), as those observed among patients (2, 3).T. whipplei genotyping, all of which corresponds to the concatenation of four spacers, identified a new genotype (5) related to two genotypes that have been previously only identified in Senegal.Amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA gene (4) performed on the BAL fluid identified mainly Prevotella oralis and Haemophilus influenzae among the 96 clones screened but not T. whipplei.Specific PCR detected 10 6 /ml of H. influenzae.Aero/ anaerobic culture and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were negative.The patient was initially treated with 2 g ceftriaxone per day.Cotrimoxazole was added at Day 5 as there was no clinical improvement.The patient subsequently improved and was discharged 2 weeks later.T. whipplei in vitro is resistant to ceftriaxone, but it is susceptible to sulfamethoxazole, and infections caused by this bacterium may be treated by cotrimoxazole ( 6).The clinical response to cotrimoxazole suggests a role for T. whipplei in the patient's pneumonia.In a Senegalese population, we have reported that T. whipplei is a relatively common cause of bacteremia, fever, and cough (5).The recent work of Lozupone and colleagues revealed surprisingly high rates of lung colonization with T. whipplei in patients with HIV infection (1).This case extends those findings by suggesting that T. whipplei can be a cause of pneumonia in this population.We suggest that T. whipplei be considered in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in patients with advanced HIV infection.
Decortication of the heart for staphylococcal pericarditis
Authors: N. V. Perera
Journal: Thorax (1971)

A case of acute staphylococcal pericarditis with constriction of the heart is reported. The response to antibiotics and simple pericardial drainage was poor. Pericardiectomy and decortication of the heart was performed on a moribund patient. Marked improvement followed surgery combined with intensive antibiotic therapy. At follow-up eight months later, the patient was a normal active 6-year-old boy.
The Lost Childhood: A Memoir
Authors: Burton Einspruch
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Because of my known interest in the Holocaust, colleagues occasionally question whether there has developed a renewed interest or even heightened level of publication (or film work) on the subject. Actually, publications concerning recent historical events do reveal trends. Time allows themes to evolve from journalistic reporting to more detailed academic analysis and then, perhaps, in some instances, a decline toward revisionism and reminiscence. At this moment, there appears to be a "bull market" in revisionism. Revisionistic historical writing is not simply the reevaluation of facts as a result of new insights and interpretations that lead to earnest, scholarly dialogue, but rather the alteration, suppression, or even denial of recognized facts. In just a few years, those who survived the Holocaust, either as victims or as villains, will grow old and die. Some victims who have been silent have perhaps made peace with their suffering and will choose to share
Urinary bladder cancer in Wegener's granulomatosis: risks and relation to cyclophosphamide
Authors: Ann Knight, Johan Askling, Fredrik Granath, Pär Sparen, Anders Ekbom
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To assess and characterise the risk of bladder cancer, and its relation to cyclophosphamide, in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.In the population based, nationwide Swedish Inpatient Register a cohort of 1065 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, 1969-95, was identified. Through linkage with the Swedish Cancer Register, all subjects in this cohort diagnosed with bladder cancer were identified. Nested within the cohort, a matched case-control study was performed to estimate the association between cyclophosphamide and bladder cancer using odds ratios (ORs) as relative risk. In the cohort the cumulative risk of bladder cancer after Wegener's granulomatosis, and the relative prevalence of a history of bladder cancer at the time of diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis, were also estimated.The median cumulative doses of cyclophosphamide among cases (n = 11) and controls (n = 25) were 113 g and 25 g, respectively. The risk of bladder cancer doubled for every 10 g increment in cyclophosphamide (OR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8 to 4.9). Treatment duration longer than 1 year was associated with an eightfold increased risk (OR = 7.7, 95% CI 0.9 to 69). The absolute risk for bladder cancer in the cohort reached 10% 16 years after diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis, and a history of bladder cancer was (non-significantly) twice as common as expected at the time of diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis.The results indicate a dose-response relationship between cyclophosphamide and the risk of bladder cancer, high cumulative risks in the entire cohort, and also the possibility of risk factors operating even before Wegener's granulomatosis.
Enhanced serodiagnostic utility of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyproteins
Authors: Xiaoyan Feng, Bingshui Xiu, Kun Chen, Xiqin Yang, Hongtao Zhang, Jun Yue, Yaoju Tan, Hongmin Li, Russell A. Nicholson, Albert W. Tam, Ping Zhao, Li Zhang, Jing Liu, Xiaoguo Song, Guohua Wang, Heqiu Zhang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Inhibition of tissue factor reduces thrombus formation and intimal hyperplasia after porcine coronary angioplasty
Authors: Mercè Roqué, Ernane D Reis, Valentin Fuster, Adrian Padurean, John T Fallon, Mark B Taubman, James H Chesebro, Juan J Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Human Laboratory Infection with Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus
Authors: Hilary Koprowski, Herald R. Cox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE occurrence of human cases of encephalomyelitis due to laboratory infection with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus was reported for the first time by Casals et al.1 and by Lennette and Koprowski2 in 1943. The course of the disease described by these authors varied from patient to patient; mild, almost ambulatory cases paralleled severer ones in which involvement of the central nervous system was manifest.Two fatal cases with subsequent isolation of Venezuelan equine virus from the brain tissue were subsequently recorded.3 , 4 One of these cases preceded3 whereas the other occurred during4 an epizootic caused by the same virus among horses . . .
Extracts from "Clinical Evidence": Age related macular degeneration
Authors: J. J Arnold
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Competing interests: JA was a clinical investigator in the study of photodynamic treatment using verteporfin, which was funded by CIBA Vision/QLT. She has been supported by CIBA Vision for attendance at conferences and symposia.



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Clinical Evidence is published by BMJ Publishing Group. The third issue is available now, and Clinical Evidence will be updated and expanded every six months. Individual subscription rate, issues 3 and 4 £75/$140; institutional rate £160/$245. For more information including how to subscribe, please visit the Clinical Evidence website at www.clinicalevidence.org
Effects of Metformin in Patients with Poorly Controlled, Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Larissa Avilés-Santa, Joyce Sinding, Philip Raskin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes are often obese and require large doses of insulin to achieve glycemic control. Weight gain often accompanies insulin therapy and results in increasing insulin requirements. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of metformin in combination with insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled with insulin therapy alone. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient diabetes clinic at a university medicalcenter. Patients: 43 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes who were receiving insulin therapy. Intervention: Patients were randomly assigned to receive placebo or metformin in combination with insulin for 24 weeks. Results: Hemoglobin A1c levels decreased by 2.5 percentage points (95% CI, 1.8 to 3.1 percentage points) in the metformin group, a significantly greater change (P = 0.04) than the decrease of 1.6 percentage points in the placebo group. Average final hemoglobin A1c levels were 6.5% in the metformin group and 7.6% in the placebo group (difference, 11%). For patients who received placebo, the insulin dose increased 22.8 units (CI, 11 to 44 units) or 29% more than did the dose for patients who received metformin (P = 0.002);for these patients, the insulin dose decreased slightly. Patients in the placebo group gained an average of 3.2 kg of body weight (CI, 1.2 to 5.1 kg);patients in the metformin group gained an average of 0.5 kg of body weight (P = 0.07). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased in both groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not change. Conclusions: The addition of metformin to insulin therapy resulted in hemoglobin A1c concentrations that were 10% lower than those achieved by insulin therapy alone. This improvement in glycemic control occurred with the use of 29% less insulin and without significant weight gain. Metformin isan effective adjunct to insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. III. Frequency and diagnosis in amenorrhea-galactorrhea
Authors: W. R. Keye
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Hypocycloidal tomograms of the sella turcica and serum prolactin concentrations were obtained in 146 women with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, or both to diagnose prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. Findings suggesting an adenoma, ie, abnormal tomogram and elevated serum prolactin concentration, were found in 24.6% (16/65) of previously unscreened patients and 59.2% (48/81) of prescreened patients. The combination of an abnormal tomogram and elevated prolactin level was relatively specific for an adenoma, as 91% (42/46) of women with these findings who underwent surgery had histologically confirmed tumors. Tumors occurred in women from 15 to 45 years of age, with amenorrhea or galactorrhea ranging from less than six months to more than 20 years in duration. Some women in this series also had obesity, rapid weight loss, polycystic ovarian syndrome, amenorrhea following discontinuance of oral contraceptive use, or emotional stress. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1329-1332, 1980)
Improving Teamwork to Reduce Surgical Mortality
Authors: Peter J. Pronovost, Julie A. Freischlag
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Residency Training Issues in Community Psychiatry
Authors: E. MANSELL PATTISON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The integration of training in social and community psychiatry into the basic three-year psychiatric curriculum poses a number of issues on which little agreement has been reached. On the basis of his experiences and observations during the past eight years, the author presents his views on nine issues in such training. He proposes that training in community psychiatry must build upon solid initial clinical training but must also enable the resident to enlarge his repertoire of skills, knowledge, and professional roles beyond the clinical area.
BMK1 is activated in glomeruli of diabetic rats and in mesangial cells by high glucose conditions
Authors: Yuki Suzaki, Masanori Yoshizumi, Shoji Kagami, Akira Nishiyama, Yuichi Ozawa, Moe Kyaw, Yuki Izawa, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Koichiro Tsuchiya, Toshiaki Tamaki
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Cadmium-Induced Effects on Bone in a Population-Based Study of Women
Authors: Agneta Åkesson, Per Bjellerup, Thomas Lundh, Jonas Lidfeldt, Christina Nerbrand, Göran Samsioe, Staffan Skerfving, Marie Vahter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

High cadmium exposure is known to cause bone damage, but the association between low-level cadmium exposure and osteoporosis remains to be clarified. Using a population-based women's health survey in southern Sweden [Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) ] with no known historical cadmium contamination, we investigated cadmium-related effects on bone in 820 women (53-64 years of age) . We measured cadmium in blood and urine and lead in blood, an array of markers of bone metabolism, and forearm bone mineral density (BMD) . Associations were evaluated in multiple linear regression analysis including information on the possible confounders or effect modifiers: weight, menopausal status, use of hormone replacement therapy, age at menarche, alcohol consumption, smoking history, and physical activity. Median urinary cadmium was 0.52 microg/L adjusted to density (0.67 microg/g creatinine) . After multivariate adjustment, BMD, parathyroid hormone, and urinary deoxypyridinoline (U-DPD) were adversely associated with concentrations of urinary cadmium (p < 0.05) in all subjects. These associations persisted in the group of never-smokers, which had the lowest cadmium exposure (mainly dietary) . For U-DPD, there was a significant interaction between cadmium and menopause (p = 0.022) . Our results suggest negative effects of low-level cadmium exposure on bone, possibly exerted via increased bone resorption, which seemed to be intensified after menopause. Based on the prevalence of osteoporosis and the low level of exposure, the observed effects, although slight, should be considered as early signals of potentially more adverse health effects. Key words: biochemical bone markers, bone mineral density, cadmium, lead, osteoporosis, women.
Asthma in Hispanics
Authors: Gary M. Hunninghake, Scott T. Weiss, Juan C. Celedón
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<CONTENTSTHE HISPANIC POPULATIONASTHMA PREVALENCE IN HISP...MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY O...POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS FO...DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA IN HI...ASTHMA MANAGEMENT IN HISP...FUTURE DIRECTIONSReferencesCITING ARTICLES