tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 539: Downregulation of hnRNP A1 by miRNAs as a new mechanism of survival in ovarian cancer
Authors: Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Paloma Monroig, Maria I. Almeida, Cristina Ivan, Vianey Gonzalez-Villasana, Maitri Y. Shah, Anil K. Sood, George Calin, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background. Posttranscriptional regulation is a critical control point for the expression of genes that promote or retard tumor growth. The mRNA-binding protein hnRNP A1 is required for the processing of miR-18a, an inhibitor of k-ras expression. In this study we hypothesized that downmodulation of hnRNP A1 by miR-25 and miR-15a controls the expression of miR-18a and k-ras by modulating nuclear and cytoplasmic miRNA processing at the posttranscriptional level. Methods. In this study, we determined the expression of hnRNP A1 at mRNA and protein levels in three parental ovarian cancer cells lines (Skov3ip1, HeyA8, and A2780) and their chemotherapy-resistant derivatives (Skov3-TR, HeyA8 MDR, and A2780 cp20). We also predicted in silico which miRNAS can target hnRNP A1 and confirmed the miRNA expression by real-time PCR. Moreover, we inhibited miR-25 and mir-15a to determine their tumorigenic potential in vitro. We also correlated the expression of miR-25 and miR-15a and/or miR-18a and k-ras expression in the TCGA data. Results. Downregulation of hnRNP A1 at the RNA and protein levels was observed in the taxane-resistant cell lines but not in the cisplatin-resistant cell line. Furthermore, we predicted in silico that miR-25and miR-15a can target hnRNP A1 and confirmed the overexpression of these microRNAs in SKOV3-TR (5- and 3-fold, respectively) and HeyA8 MDR (3-fold) by real-time PCR. We also analyzed overall survival, trying to find a correlation between k-ras and miR-15a (high 23.77, low 33.97 months), k-ras and miR-25 (high 16.95, low 35.21 months), and the combination of k-ras, miR-25, and miR18a (k-ras high, miR25 high, mir18a low, 20.73 months; k-ras low, miR25 low, mir18a high, 31.49 months). Comparison of these data with a validation set yielded similar results. Conclusion. These results underscore the importance of a previously uncharacterized circuit of posttranscriptional regulation between miR-25 or -15a and RNA-binding protein hnRNP A1 that regulates miR-18a and k-ras expression. This circuit represents a unique opportunity for novel therapeutics approaches. Citation Format: Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Paloma Monroig, Maria I. Almeida, Cristina Ivan, Vianey Gonzalez-Villasana, Maitri Y. Shah, Anil K. Sood, George Calin, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein. Downregulation of hnRNP A1 by miRNAs as a new mechanism of survival in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 539. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-539
Julian Arthur John Hall Critchley
Authors: L. Critchley
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor who raised the standards and status of the British Journal of Surgery; director of surgery in Bristol who tried to mediate as concerns about paediatric heart surgery emerged John Farndon, professor and head of surgery in Bristol, who died from a heart attack on 6 February, had a gift for medical editing and was an incisive referee.As editor of the British Journal of Surgery from 1992, he had an eye for the best material, putting together a good journal every month and moving it up the international league table until it was second only to Annals of Surgery.He chose papers that would be widely cited, increased the number of randomised controlled trials, and cut back on case reports.He was firm, fair, and strong minded.In January he stepped down as editor and was, as chairman of the British Journal of Surgery Society, to have furthered the journal's development.He wrote and edited textbooks on endocrine and breast surgery, operative surgery, and a guidebook for house surgeons.An excellent operating surgeon, his main interest was in his endocrine work, specialising in thyroid and parathyroid surgery.He improved the way in which patients with phaeochromocytoma were prepared for surgery by characterising the way in which these tumours released their hormones.He made important contributions to our understanding of the cellular biology of breast cancer, characterising those patients who would and would not respond to hormone therapy.
Radical Resection for Alveolar Hydatid Disease
Authors: Frederick J. Hillman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

To the Editor:—  There are two major errors in the article, Alveolar Hydatid Disease, by La Fond and associates in the Oct 5 issue ofThe Journal( 186 :35): (1) The authors state that treatment of the disease is usually impossible. Contrary to this, alveolar hydatid disease is often treatable by radical resection of the diseased organs, usually by hemihepatectomy of the involved lobe of the liver as described by West et al. 1 Even though the parasitic cysts infiltrate the liver diffusely, they may be confined to one lobe. The patient presented would have been a candidate for resection, as the authors report that at autopsy the lesion was found to be confined to the right lobe. (2) Instead of one, there are 11 cases previously reported from North America: one autochthonous case from Canada reported by James and Boyd 2 in 1937; two cases in immigrants from Europe,
Inapparent Pulmonary Vascular Disease in an Ex-heroin User
Authors: RAFFAELE ANTONELLI INCALZI, CARLO LUDOVICO MAINI, MASSIMO GIULIANO BONETTI, PAOLO CAMPIONI, RICCARDO PISTELLI, LEONELLO FUSO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A severe pulmonary vascular derangement, usually reported in drug addicts, was diagnosed in a 28-year-old asymptomatic ex-heroin user by means of fortuitously performed pulmonary perfusion imaging. Neither physical findings nor pulmonary function tests, aroused suspicion of the diagnosis. A search for asymptomatic pulmonary vascular disease probably should be undertaken in drug addicts.
Rapid Approximate Intelligence Test
Authors: IAN C. WILSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

A Rapid Approximate Intelligence Test consisting of a series of mathematical computations is described. This test has been standardized against the WAIS. The main conclusions which may be inferred from its use are outlined. The advantages of the test are brevity, as it can be administered in two or three minutes, and the fact that no equipment is necessary. However, the RAIT has the disadvantage of testing only one aspect of intelligence, namely, arithmetical ability, an area of intelligence susceptible to impairment in psychiatric illness. The use of more comprehensive brief intelligence tests, e.g., the Kent EGY Test(1), probably gives more insight into the intellectual capacities of psychiatric patients. Nevertheless, the RAIT would appear to be an excellent instrument to add to the clinical armamentarium of the busy psychiatrist who has no immediate access to facilities for more sophisticated intelligence testing.
Expression of cytosolic ?-glucosidase in guinea pig liver cells
Authors: William S. Hays, Donald E. Wheeler, Bijan Eghtesad, Robert H. Glew, David E. Johnston
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The cytosolic β-glucosidase of mammalian liver has been implicated in the metabolic transformation of plant glycosides, such as vicine and amygdalin, which are associated with the development of toxic syndromes. We investigated which cell types express cytosolic β-glucosidase in guinea pig liver, and characterized the contribution of this enzyme to the hydrolysis of aromatic glucosides in cultured cells and in tissue slices. Cytosolic β-glucosidase was expressed in hepatocytes and not in Kupffer or endothelial cells as determined by enzyme-specific activity and Western blots of liver cell extracts. Intracellular β-glucosidase activity was visualized using the fluorescent β-glucosidase substrate, resorufin β- d -glucoside, and shown to be caused by the cytosolic β-glucosidase using the inhibitors, conduritol β-epoxide and dinitrophenol-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β- d -glucopyranoside (DNP2FGlc). Staining of fresh liver slices with resorufin β-glucoside revealed that cytosolic β-glucosidase is expressed in all hepatocytes, with no significant portal-central gradient. These data indicate that cytosolic β-glucosidase is a hepatocyte-specific enzyme, and support the hypothesis that cytosolic β-glucosidase in the liver functions to hydrolyze small glucosides absorbed by the intestine. Furthermore, toxic injury to cultured hepatocytes by CCl 4 resulted in release of cytosolic β-glucosidase in parallel with the hepatocyte marker enzymes alanine transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase. This suggests that acute increases in serum levels of cytosolic β-glucosidase in animal models of liver injury may reflect direct injury of hepatocytes.
LMO3 Interacts with Neuronal Transcription Factor, HEN2, and Acts as an Oncogene in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Mineyoshi Aoyama, Toshinori Ozaki, Hiroyuki Inuzuka, Daihachiro Tomotsune, Junko Hirato, Yoshiaki Okamoto, Hisashi Tokita, Miki Ohira, Akira Nakagawara
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract LIM-only proteins (LMO), which consist of LMO1, LMO2, LMO3, and LMO4, are involved in cell fate determination and differentiation during embryonic development. Accumulating evidence suggests that LMO1 and LMO2 act as oncogenic proteins in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, whereas LMO4 has recently been implicated in the genesis of breast cancer. However, little is known about the role of LMO3 in either tumorigenesis or development. In the present study, we have identified LMO3 and HEN2, which encodes a neuronal basic helix-loop-helix protein, as genes whose expression levels were higher in unfavorable neuroblastomas compared with those of favorable tumors. Immunoprecipitation and immunostaining experiments showed that LMO3 was associated with HEN2 in mammalian cell nucleus. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells stably overexpressing LMO3 showed a marked increase in cell growth, a promotion of colony formation in soft agar medium, and a rapid tumor growth in nude mice compared with the control transfectants. More importantly, the increased expression of LMO3 and HEN2 was significantly associated with a poor prognosis in 87 primary neuroblastomas. These results suggest that the deregulated expression of neuronal-specific LMO3 and HEN2 contributes to the genesis and progression of human neuroblastoma in a lineage-specific manner.
An Instrumental Improvement for Endoscopic Laryngeal Microsurgery
Authors: Philippe Dejonckere
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

Considerably greater precision in operative manipulation during endolaryngeal microsurgery can be obtained by inserting a steel wire-grid in the lumen of the laryngoscope. Lever movements are possible for two instruments simultaneously, with a precision gain of 3:1. There is no visual impairment when looking through the microscope focused on the glottis.
Embedding Cardiovascular Research Into Practice
Authors: Robert M. Califf, Richard Platt
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Superior dialytic clearance of β2 microglobulin and p-cresol by high-flux hemodialysis as compared to peritoneal dialysis
Authors: H. Yoshida, K. Yokoyama, K. Munakata, Y. Maruyama, R. Yamamoto, K. Hanaoka, M. Ikeda, H. Yamamoto, T. Hosoya
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Seroepidemiology of gastritis in Japanese and Dutch working populations: evidence for the development of atrophic gastritis that is not related to Helicobacter pylori.
Authors: R J Schlemper, S D van der Werf, J P Vandenbroucke, I Biemond, C B Lamers
Journal: Gut (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Competing motivational drives coordinate behaviors essential for survival. For example, interoceptive feedback from the body during a state of negative energy balance serves to suppress anxiety-like behaviors and promote exploratory behaviors in rats. Results from past research suggest that this shift in motivated behavior is linked to reduced activation of specific neural populations within the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (cNTS). However, the potential impact of metabolic state and the potential role of cNTS neurons on conditioned avoidance behaviors has not been examined. The present study investigated these questions in male and female rats, using a task in which rats learn to avoid a context (i.e., a darkened chamber) after it is paired with a single mild footshock. When rats later were tested for passive avoidance of the shock-paired chamber, male rats tested in an overnight food-deprived state and female rats (regardless of feeding status) displayed significantly less avoidance compared to male rats that were fed <i>ad libitum</i> prior to testing. Based on prior evidence that prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP)-positive noradrenergic neurons and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)-positive neurons within the cNTS are particularly sensitive to metabolic state, we examined whether these neural populations are activated in conditioned rats after re-exposure to the shock-paired chamber, and whether neural activation is modulated by metabolic state. Compared to the control condition, chamber re-exposure activated PrRP+ noradrenergic neurons and also activated neurons within the anterior ventrolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vlBNST), which receives dense input from PrRP+ terminals. In parallel with sex differences in passive avoidance behavior, PrRP+ neurons were less activated in female vs. male rats after chamber exposure. GLP1+ neurons were not activated in either sex. Overnight food deprivation before chamber re-exposure reduced activation of PrRP+ neurons, and also reduced vlBNST activation. Our results support the view that PrRP+ noradrenergic neurons and their inputs to the vlBNST contribute to the expression of passive avoidance memory, and that this contribution is modulated by metabolic state.
NPP4 is a procoagulant enzyme on the surface of vascular endothelium
Authors: Ronald A. Albright, William C. Chang, Donna Robert, Deborah L. Ornstein, Wenxiang Cao, Lynn Liu, Meredith E. Redick, J. Isaac Young, Enrique M. De La Cruz, Demetrios T. Braddock
Journal: Blood (2012)
Undescribed toxin in pseudomembranous colitis.
Authors: H E Larson, J V Parry, A B Price, D R Davies, J Dolby, D A Tyrrell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A girl aged 12 developed pseudomembranous colitis after a short course of oral penicillin. She had no history of adverse reaction to penicillin before or after the illness. No pathogenic bacteria, mycoplasmas, or viruses were found in her faeces, but they did contain a toxin. Toxin was also found in four of five other patients with pseudomembranous colitis but not in six specimens obtained from patients with diarrhoea caused by other disorders. Further studies may show that pseudomembranous colitis is caused by a bacterial toxin.
Materials Scientists Join Oncologists To Explore Nano- and Microtherapeutics: Materials Science and Oncology
Authors: M. Martin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

In the past year, researchers have reported killing cancer cells with magnetically driven, spinning iron – nickel discs; iron – cobalt particles; and radio waves aimed at gold, cadmium, indium, and gallium particles. It’s all happened in preclinical studies so far. But the studies have drawn attention, partly because of their science-fiction – sounding methods and partly because they highlight a burgeoning partnership between two unlikely bedfellows: materials science researchers and clinical oncologists. “I’ve seen a dramatic increase over the last 3 – 4 years in the involvement of chemists, physicists, bioengineers, and materials scientists in clinical oncology,” said Steven Curley, M.D. , a surgical oncologist at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, who is working on the radio waves. Some of the partnerships are focused on nanoimaging devices ( see accompanying news story); others, on nano- or microtherapeutics. The treatments they are exploring are diverse but share a core concept: the pairing of biologically active molecules such as drugs and antibodies with biologically inert particles such as metals and polymers.
A CASE OF URINARY AMOEBIASIS
Authors: H. J. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1915)

URINARY amoebiasis appears to be a very rare condition; Braun' afes to 9 cases, and Doflein, ucnder the lheadinig of littaniiceba t rogenitalis, gives references to 4 of tlle same cases as those mentioned by Braun.Baelz's case occurred in a wooman in Japan; entanioebae were found botlh in thle bladder and tIme vagina, anid Baelz was of opinion that tlle parasites were introuticed il!to the vulva witlh the water usedi for washing< the parts, anid that tlley penetr-ated tlhence inito the bladder and vagina.The amoebae are said to lhave been very motile, witlh a diaimeter of abouit 50 p.Apparently it was niot stated whletlher tlhey contained inigested red blood corpuscles, tlhouglh tlle ui-mle is described as sanguineous.Baelz's paper was publislhed in 1883, twenty years before Schaudinn pointed out thie dlistinctive characteristics of the patlhogenic and non-pathogenic entamoebae.Tme-atrthor's suggestion as to tlje miiode of infection of Ihis patient seems very probable, if it is unider- stood to mean that the amoebae wete transferred fromn the intestine to thebladder andl vagina by nieans of water used for ablution.Oni May 12th, 1914.a male agriculturist, aged 18, Bralmin by caste, was admitted 'Under my care to the King George's Hos- piital, Lucknow.He had been sufferinig from haematuria for six moniths, and from anasarca of the legs, penis, and scrotum for about three weeks.There was paraphimosis and a small superticial ulcer-scarcely more thiau an abrasion-on the glans p,enis near the meatus; from this ulcer there was a slight sero- sanguineons discharge.The sore was not indurated, an(l aIthough there were niumerous large spirochaetes, there were no treponemata in the discharge.The inguinal gland(s were uiot enlarged.No abnormlity was found in the heart, lungs, spleen, or liver.There was no teniderness or irritability of the bladder an(d no fever.The appearance of the stools was healthv, anid no entamoebae couild be fountd in them; tIme patienit statedi that lie had never suffered from dysenitery.The urine was rather scanty and (eepply blood-stained.Its reaction was acid; specific gravity, 1013; there were much albumin, numerous pus cells, red blocd corptuscles, and a considerable number of hyalinie and granular tutbe casts.The urine containiedl very numerous actively-motile entamoebse.
The Relationship between Alexithymia and Abnormal Illness Behavior
Authors: Thomas N. Wise, Lee S. Mann, Michael Hryvniak, David Mitchell, Bethanne Hill
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

The relationship between abnormal illness behavior, measured by the illness Behavior Questionnaire and alexithymia, measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, was studied in four cohorts of subjects. The two measures overlap in that the more alexithymic subjects endorsed more disease conviction, hypochondriacal concern, affective inhibition, affective disturbance, and irritability. Denial was not related to alexithymia, which supports the construct validity of alexithymia. Regression models developed for the four cohorts that consisted of psychiatric outpatients, psychiatric inpatients, medically ill patients and controls differed to suggest that alexithymia state phenomena interact with trait characteristics.
On a Cheerful Note
Authors: David Seegal
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An Intangible Elixir in the Doctor's Bag Since the physician's appearance at the bedside is often accompanied by a casual, nonmedical, as well as medical dialogue, he must consider the impact of his conversation and attitude upon the patient. Although Abraham Lincoln remarked that each man had a responsibility for the look on his face, the medical schools in the past have done little to alert and prepare the students to maintain a warm, cheerful presence, beyond hoping that this quality would appear through the student's exposure to the exemplary tactics of good physicians. There is reason to believe that current discussions and plans to modify the curricula of medical schools will improve many scientific and communal aspects of the teaching enterprise. But it is yet to be shown that the new curricula will foster closer relationships between the students and their patients. A recent report indicates that in one
Forearm arterial compliance: a new measure of arterial compliance?
Authors: D. H FITCHETT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

This study has investigated the origin of the pulsatile expansion of the forearm recorded by the amplification of the pulsatile signal derived from a mercury in rubber plethysmograph. Venous occlusion to pressures of 40 mmHg had no effect on the amplitude of the volume pulse, suggesting that the volume pulse originates in vessels distended by pressures above this level. Nitroglycerin in small doses (0.15 mg sublingual) increased the amplitude of the volume pulse without changing forearm vascular resistance, consistent with an arterial origin of the forearm volume pulse. The instantaneous relationship between the volume pulse and arterial pressure (forearm compliance) showed that nitroglycerin increased the volume pulse in association with a reduction in pulse pressure. As the volume pulse probably originates in the arterial system, the increase in forearm compliance is a measure of the increase in arterial compliance induced by nitroglycerin. Both the volume pulse and forearm compliance may be useful indicators of the effect of physiological and pharmacological interventions on the distensile properties of arteries.
Chronic Pulmonary Reaction to Nitrofurantoin
Authors: Naomal S. Jayasundera
Journal: JAMA (1980)

ACUTE pulmonary response to short-term therapy with nitrofurantoin was described first in 1962 and was followed in 1966 by the description of a severe, debilitating, subacute pulmonary response.<sup>1</sup>Since that time, 40 subacute and chronic pulmonary responses to long-term nitrofurantoin therapy have been recorded in the English medical literature, and biopsy specimens in some have shown the process to resemble desquamative interstitial pneumonia.<sup>1-15</sup>It is generally considered that the correct treatment is to discontinue administration of the offending agent and substitute a course of oral corticosteroids. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 59-year-old man was seen in September 1978 with a history of productive cough and progressive dyspnea. In 1976, a right lower lobectomy following trauma had disclosed some interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Chest x-ray films obtained on the current admission showed bilateral basilar interstitial fibrosis and pleural thickening. A previous roentgenogram in September 1977 had been normal. On this