tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of C reactive protein and serum amyloid A protein in experimental inflammation.
Authors: R E Chambers, C W Hutton, P A Dieppe, J T Whicher
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

The responses of C reactive protein, measured by radial immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay, and serum amyloid A protein, measured by radial immunodiffusion, were compared in eight subjects with inflammation induced experimentally by intradermal injection of monosodium urate crystals. A significant increase in serum amyloid A was noted after a lag phase of eight hours, the increase in median concentration at 48 hours being about eightfold. A parallel but less marked increase was found in C reactive protein when measured by radioimmunoassay (fourfold increase in median concentration at 48 hours) after a small but significant decrease during the lag phase. The changes in C reactive protein remained within the reference range and were not detectable by radial immunodiffusion.
Interaction between smoking and asbestos in human lung adenocarcinoma: role of K-ras mutations.
Authors: H Vainio, K Husgafvel-Pursiainen, S Anttila, A Karjalainen, P Hackman, T Partanen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

To investigate the role of tobacco smoking and asbestos fibers in the etiology of human lung cancer, we examined the activating point mutations in the K-ras oncogene in DNA samples from 49 patients. Mutations were found more often in tissue from adenocarcinomas (12/21) than in tissue from tumors other than nonadenocarcinomas of the lung (3/28). Among the adenocarcinoma patients, asbestos exposure was predictive of K-ras mutation (odds ratio, 4.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-34.3); in patients with other types of lung cancer, the relation appeared to be an inverse one, but the numbers were small. The proportion of heavy smokers (over 50 pack-years) was 60% among people with K-ras mutations and 35% among the K-ras-negative subjects, suggesting that smoking causes K-ras mutations. If mutations in K-ras genes are caused by smoking, asbestos would act as a promoting agent by conferring selective growth conditions for clonal expansion on these mutated cells. Asbestos may favor recruitment of (initiated) K-ras mutation-positive cells in the multistage process of carcinogenesis by stimulating cellular growth.
Idiopathic giant-cell granuloma of the pituitary with unusual clinical and histological features
Authors: Shozo Yamada, Shinji Sawano, Tadashi Aiba, Yoshimasa Shishiba, Toshiaki Sano, Seiji Takahashi, Kazuo Takebe, Shigetoshi Yanagiya
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1993)
Lysosomal Activation in Relation to Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: L. Weiss, J. T. Dingle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1964)

<h3>SUMMARY</h3> The spatial distribution of cells within a tissue underlies organ function. However, these spatial distributions are often difficult to identify, making it challenging to evaluate how cells establish these patterns during development or how diseases may disrupt these patterns and impair function. To address this, we developed an image analysis tool based on a novel algorithm that identifies spatial patterns within tissues. This analytical tool was used to study the bone marrow, a specialized microenvironment in which spatial patterning of regulatory cells may influence the differentiation and survival of hematopoietic stem cells. Using this algorithm, we discovered clusters of regulatory cells within the bone marrow that suggest an organization of micro-niches, which may form the basis of the hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment. This work provides a new tool for the detection and analysis of tissue morphology that enables identification of spatial patterns within tissues that can lead to a deeper understanding of tissue function, provide clues for early onset of disease, and be used as a tool for studying the impact of pharmaceutics on tissue development and regeneration. <h3>In Brief</h3> This work introduces a new statistic to analyze the patterning of cells and physiological features in histological images. This statistic was used on a published set of immunofluorescent images of murine bone to identify novel spatial structures within the bone marrow that may provide new inisghts to the organization of the hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment. <h3>Highlights</h3> RSRK, a statistical tool for analyzing the spatial distribution of features in histological images, is introduced. RSRK incorporates the quantification of signal distribution to identify unique spatial patterns. Spatial patterns in hematopoietic stem cell microenvironments are identified. <h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>
Immunoscintigraphy of metastases with radiolabelled human antibodies.
Authors: K C Ballantyne, A C Perkins, M V Pimm
Journal: BMJ (1987)

suggest that they are at high risk of developing leptospirosis, the remarkably low incidence of the disease in such communes argues to the contrary.The clustering of so many cases in the commune, the finding of only a moderate rise in the tempera- ture at the centre of a meatball cooked on a hot plate,2 and the very peculiar interaction of the index case with the commune strongly suggested that food was the common source.
Methotrexate in lymphomatoid papulosis
Authors: G. LANGE WANTZIN, K. THOMSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

The effect of weekly methotrexate treatment (5 to 25 mg orally) was studied in three patients with lymphomatoid papulosis. In all three patients a good clinical effect was obtained. Skin biopsies revealed no sign of lymphomatoid papulosis after treatment. Methotrexate appears to be effective in controlling lymphomatoid papulosis and is possibly superior to PUVA in this respect.
Measurement of distal airspace size.
Authors: W M Thurlbeck
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Measurement of distal airspace sizeAirspace size in human lungs obviously depends on the degree to which the lung is inflated and on tissue shrinkage in prep- aration for histological examination.Dr D Lamb et al (October 1993;48:1012-7) minimise the latter by embedding tissue in methacrylate but appear to ignore the for- mer.They inflated the resected lungs used in their study with 10% buffered formalin at a transpulmonary pressure of 25 cm H2O for a minimum of 24 hours.What technique did they use and how well were the lungs in- flated?Satisfactory inflation via the bronchus of surgically resected lobes has been found unsatisfactory in two Vancouver hospitals.In one, expansion had to be achieved by inflation with fixative through the pleura using a large bore needle.'In another,2 using a technique similar to that of Lamb et al, the mean ratio of predicted lobar volume to fixed lobar volume was 3 50.More to the point, the standard deviation of this ratio was 2 03 indicating huge potential errors.How did Lamb et al correct for these when measuring airspace size (AWUV)?
Mrs Strauss and Mabel
Authors: Adria Burrows
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The other day I admitted Mabel Fairfax, a 75-year-old woman with organic brain syndrome. She was a thin woman with sunken eyes and gray, wavy hair. Mabel didn't know where she was or even if she had a daughter, and as I examined her, she kept asking, "Are you a doctor? Are you a doctor?" She sat in her wheelchair with a towel around her shoulders for a shawl. Her crooked fingers frequently stroked her chin. She seemed content in her new surroundings and sat quietly. Mrs Strauss, the other patient in the room, was a short woman, also in her 70s, who was plump and had a mean disposition. She loved to turn her radio on loudly to annoy the nurses, and once she threw food at the blood drawer. All you had to do was walk into her room and she would greet you with, "What are you
Regional Systems of Care for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Graham Nichol, Tom P. Aufderheide, Brian Eigel, Robert W. Neumar, Keith G. Lurie, Vincent J. Bufalino, Clifton W. Callaway, Venugopal Menon, Robert R. Bass, Benjamin S. Abella, Michael Sayre, Cynthia M. Dougherty, Edward M. Racht, Monica E. Kleinman, Robert E. O'Connor, John P. Reilly, Eric W. Ossmann, Eric Peterson
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest continues to be an important public health problem, with large and important regional variations in outcomes. Survival rates vary widely among patients treated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by emergency medical services and among patients transported to the hospital after return of spontaneous circulation. Most regions lack a well-coordinated approach to post–cardiac arrest care. Effective hospital-based interventions for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest exist but are used infrequently. Barriers to implementation of these interventions include lack of knowledge, experience, personnel, resources, and infrastructure. A well-defined relationship between an increased volume of patients or procedures and better outcomes among individual providers and hospitals has been observed for several other clinical disorders. Regional systems of care have improved provider experience and patient outcomes for those with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and life-threatening traumatic injury. This statement describes the rationale for regional systems of care for patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest and the preliminary recommended elements of such systems. Many more people could potentially survive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest if regional systems of cardiac resuscitation were established. A national process is necessary to develop and implement evidence-based guidelines for such systems that must include standards for the categorization, verification, and designation of components of such systems. The time to do so is now.
Abstract 3137: Functional analysis of the chr13q22.1 pancreatic cancer risk locus suggests allele-specific effects on <i>DIS3</i> expression.
Authors: Jason Hoskins, Abdisamad Ibrahim, Jinping Jia, Irene Collins, Hemang Parikh, Gloria M. Petersen, Laufey Amundadottir
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the 10th most common cancer and 4th most common cause of cancer mortality in the United States. A genome wide association study has revealed pancreatic cancer susceptibility loci on chromosomes 13q22.1, 1q32.1 and 5p15.33. The chr13q22.1 region contains the most significant of all risk SNPs, rs9543325, (P= 3.27 x 10−11) which is located in a gene desert. The nearest genes are KLF5, KLF12, PIBF1, DIS3 and BORA, which range in distance from 265kb to 586kb, respectively, from the most significant variants. Given the high linkage disequilibrium across this risk locus, there are many candidate functional variants to consider. Imputation in the region did not improve the signal but gave a set of highly correlated SNPs which likely includes the functional variant(s). In an effort to identify the functional variant(s) we performed eQTL analyses to test the association between the genotypes of these candidate SNPs and expression of nearby genes. Among 100 normal pancreatic tissue samples, DIS3 showed the strongest association with SNPs in our risk locus (P-values as low as 0.0004). Mutations in DIS3 have been identified in acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma, and its expression has been correlated with metastatic potential in colorectal cancer, suggesting this gene could be important in pancreatic cancer biology. Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) was performed to test for physical interactions between the risk locus and nearby genes. This assay confirmed the three dimensional proximity of the risk locus and DIS3 promoter. Sub-regions of the risk locus were then cloned upstream of a minimal promoter controlling luciferase expression to assay for potential allele specific enhancer/silencer activity. This assay revealed a sub-region downstream of rs9543325 that causes allele-specific silencing. These results suggest that a sub-region of the chr13q22.1 risk locus has allele-specific effects on DIS3 expression, which may have implications in the susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Jason Hoskins, Abdisamad Ibrahim, Jinping Jia, Irene Collins, Hemang Parikh, Gloria M. Petersen, Laufey Amundadottir. Functional analysis of the chr13q22.1 pancreatic cancer risk locus suggests allele-specific effects on DIS3 expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3137. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3137
Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Extremely Advanced Inoperable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) After Yttrium-90 Radioembolization
Authors: Lee Victor, Leung Dennis, Luk Mai-Yee, Tong Chi-Chung, Law Martin, Ng Sherry, Tso Wai-Kuen, Ma Vivian, Liu Rico, Kwong DLW, T.W. Leung
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Does Suppression of Postprandial Blood Glucose Excursions by the α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Miglitol Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Diet-Treated Type II Diabetic Patients?
Authors: Andrew B Johnson, Roy Taylor
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE Insulin sensitivity is impaired in patients with type II diabetes and is exacerbated by high mean blood glucose (BG). Potentially, large postprandial swings in BG could result in further decrements of insulin sensitivity. Because alpha-glucosidase inhibitors cause a marked reduction in the amplitude of BG changes, the aim of this study was to determine if such a BG-smoothing effect improves insulin sensitivity in well-controlled type II diabetic subjects treated with diet alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients received either miglitol (BAY m 1099) (50 mg three times daily) or placebo for 8 weeks in a randomized double-blind parallel study. The miglitol (9 men, 2 women) and placebo (7 men, 3 women) groups were well matched (mean ± SD) for age, weight, and blood glucose control (fasting BG, 6.4 ± 1.0 vs. 6.9 ± 1.6 mmol/l; HbA1, 7.7 ± 1.0 vs. 7.9 ± 0.4%; fructosamine, 0.99 ± 0.08 vs. 1.07 ± 0.17 mmol/l). The glucose metabolic clearance rate was calculated during the last 30 min of a 150 min glucose/insulin sensitivity test (glucose, 6 mg · kg−1 · min−1; insulin, 0.5 U · kg−1 · min−1). RESULTS There was no significant improvement in metabolic clearance rate (0.21 ± 0.27 vs. 0.16 ± 0.35 l · kg−1 · min−1) for the miglitol- and placebo-treated groups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between miglitol and placebo for changes from baseline in BG (0.1 ± 0.1 vs. -0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/l), HbA1 (0.1 ± 0.1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1%), and fructosamine (−0.06 ± 0.02 vs. −0.03 ± 0.02 mmol/l). CONCLUSIONS α-glucosidase-induced improvement in postprandial hyperglycemia does not result in increased insulin sensitivity.
Primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma with sclerosis: Report of 11 cases treated with intensified‐CHOP plus radiotherapy
Authors: Licia Siracusano, Monica Balzarotti, Massimo Magagnoli, Luca Castagna, Daoud Rahal, Armando Santoro
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a clinicopathological entity with aggressive behavior. Retrospective evaluation suggests the need for intensive chemotherapy programs. From 1997 to February 2003, a total of 11 cases of previously untreated PMBCL with sclerosis were treated at our institution with 5 courses of intensified CHOP (ICHOP) regimen and mediastinal irradiation. Three patients were submitted to high‐dose chemotherapy with peripheral‐blood stem‐cell support, followed by radiotherapy, because of intermediate‐risk age‐adjusted International Prognostic Index at diagnosis. After a median follow up of 30 months, all patients but one are in continuous complete remission (CR), and overall survival is 100%. Am. J. Hematol. 78:312–313, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Environmental Justice: The Tuskegee Legacy Project
Authors: Luz Claudio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Rallying Around the Environmental FlagSocial scientists have long studied competition for natural resources as a source of conflict around the world, but they have paid little attention to the environment in postconflict societies.Must the environment invariably suffer in the wake of conflict?Can former combatants rally around the environment to help sustain peace?These were the types of questions asked at a November
Effectiveness and Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health Services
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Archie Cochrane was an epidemiologist with a maverick streak. In 1935, as a lone medical student, he marched through London carrying a home made placard that read, “All effective treatments must be free.” According to him, nobody noticed. In this seminal book, first published in 1972 by the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust and issued in this imprint in 1999, he called for an international register of randomised controlled trials, and for explicit quality criteria for appraising published research, but neither goal was achieved in his lifetime. Today, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register has more than 400 000 entries, and an international movement to improve the methodology of research synthesis also bears his name (http://www.cochrane.org/index0.htm).

A passionate early advocate of the NHS, Cochrane described it in Effectiveness and Efficiency as “a favourite child who is now showing signs of delinquency.” …
A piece of my mind. For want of a sail
Authors: M. A. LaCombe
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5156: Biochemical characterization of recombinant woodchuck vascular endothelium growth factor (wVEGF)
Authors: Huayi Huang, Oreste E. Salavaggione, Bud Tennant, Renuka V. Iyer, Araba A. Adjei
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most potent and predominant angiogeneic signals. It binds receptors on blood vessels and stimulates proliferation, migration, survival and permeability of endothelial cells that form new vasculature for malignant tumors. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly VEGF-driven tumor and frequently occurs in the context of chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection. The woodchuck is a well characterized model of hepatitis B virus related HCC as it develops acute and chronic infection after neonatal infection with sera containing woodchuck hepatitis virus. This is a valuable model for translational studies of novel VEGF targeted agents as results may have great clinical relevance. We cloned a VEGF cDNA (wVEGF) from woodchuck liver tissue and transiently expressed it in COS-1 cells. A variety of parameters were measured to functionally characterize the wVEGF. Woodchuck cell lines, namely WCH17, WHK44 (woodchuck HCC), WC3 (woodchuck hepatocyte) and HepG2 cells were also characterized. The wVEGF peptide sequence was 94% identical to the human VEGFA. Two protein bands were detected in the supernatant (secreted) with molecular weights of approximately 25 and 17kDa, and a single band of 25kDa in the cell lysates. The major band observed in the cell lines was 25kD. The amount of wVEGF protein in the supernatant was 14-fold higher than in the lysate. The mRNA level in the cell lysate was significantly higher than was present in either the COS cells transfected with empty vector and also in the woodchuck and HepG2 cell lines. After 72 hours of stimulation with supernatant wVEGF, COS cells exhibited approximately 34% higher growth compared to cells in absence of wVEGF. The antiproliferative property of sunitinib, (a VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) on COS cells overexpressing wVEGF showed similar IC50 values for MTS assay 7.6±1.4 µM and for cell death (cell counts), 6.4±1.5 µM. In the cell lines, sensitivity to sunitinib ranked from WHK44 (4.5±1.2 µM) &amp;gt; WC3 (4.8±1.3 µM) &amp;gt;HepG2 (9.5±1.4 µM) &amp;gt;WCH17 (17.9±1.4 µM). In summary, the wVEGF was 94% identical in amino acid sequence to the human VEGF 189. It produced two protein bands that were associated with the supernatant after overexpressing the wVEGF in COS cells, one protein band was associated with the cell lysate. The wVEGF protein stimulated cell growth and exhibited sensitivity to the sunitinib with reduction in cell proliferation. (Support:American Cancer Society MRSG-08-096-01-CCE, Roswell Park Alliance Grant, PI Iyer) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5156. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5156
Clinical, HLA, and roentgenological follow up study of patients with juvenile arthritis: comparison between the long term outcome of transient and persistent arthritis in children.
Authors: H Ström, N Lindvall, B Hellström, L Rosenthal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Fifty two patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) and 22 patients with arthritis of short duration (transient arthritis, TA) were studied in a follow up investigation. Nineteen (37%) of the patients with JCA had peripheral arthritis or sequelae in the form of contractures at follow up, and in addition one patient was treated with corticosteroids. In contrast, only one (5%) of the 22 patients with TA had peripheral arthritis at follow up. Back pain or limitation, or both, was registered in many of the men. Sacroiliitis, verified by x ray, was often found both in JCA (39/46, 85%) and in TA (16/21, 76%). For JCA an association was confirmed with HLA-A2 and HLA-DRw8 and a negative association with HLA-DR4, and in pauciarticular JCA, in addition, a decrease of DR7. A new finding was a low prevalence of HLA-B27 in women with JCA and grade 3 or 4 sacroiliitis (2/14, 14%).
What is the Best Way to Treat Inherited Disorders?
Authors: R. Alan B. Ezekowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

In his Croonian Lectures in 1908, Garrod discussed what he called the “inborn factors of disease.” In his pioneering studies of alkaptonuria, he recognized that the disorder occurred in families and was inherited according to the rules laid down by Mendel. Alkaptonuria was the first disease in which the recessive inheritance of a genetic disorder was postulated.1 About 50 years later, Ingram demonstrated that the electrophoretic abnormality in sickle cell disease was the result of the replacement of glutamic acid with valine in the beta chain of hemoglobin.2 In the second half of the 20th century, enormous progress was made . . .