tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Radiologic and Esophagoscopic Diagnosis of Esophageal Varices
Authors: Harold O. Conn, John R. Mitchell, Murray G. Brodoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

RECENT developments in the surgical alleviation of portal hypertension have emphasized the need for a reliable technic for the demonstration of esophageal varices. Schatzki,1 in 1933, showed the value of the radiologic technic in the clinical diagnosis of esophageal varices. Since that time it has become almost universally employed to establish this diagnosis, and many authors have expressed complete confidence in this technic.2 3 4 Recent reports have suggested that esophagoscopy may be superior to the radiologic diagnosis of esophageal varices.5 6 7 The published comparisons of esophageal varices by these two methods have been retrospective and uncontrolled in several important ways. First of . . .
Abstract B44: A role for endothelial αvβ3 integrin in breast tumor cell migration
Authors: Cyntia Freitas Montenegro, Araceli Cristina Durante, Kelli Cristina Micocci, Antonio Carlos Manucci Pereira, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and αvβ3 integrin are key molecules that actively participate in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Some integrin-blocking molecules are currently under clinical trials for cancer and metastasis treatment. However, the mechanism of action of such inhibitors is not completely understood and evasive resistance of antiangiogenic therapy has been reported. We have previously demonstrated the anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic properties of DisBa-01, a recombinant His-tag RGD-disintegrin from Bothrops alternatus snake venom in experimental models. DisBa-01 blocks αvβ3 integrin binding to vitronectin and inhibits integrin mediated downstream signaling cascades and cell migration. Recently, we reported that DisBa-01 strongly decreases the expression of VEGF mRNA and of its receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in endothelial cells. Here, DisBa-01 was submitted to adhesion under flow and transmigration assays, both using different DisBa-01 concentrations and β3-siMDA-MB-231 cells. In the first assay, labeled tumor cells incubated with Disba-01 perfused for 5 minutes through a chamber containing endothelial cells as coat. In the second, labeled tumor cells incubated with DisBa-01 were attracted by complete medium and transmigrated through an endothelial cell coat. Individually, assays were photographed and the cells quantified. Results show that DisBa-01 dose-dependently inhibited adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells to human endothelial cells under flow conditions, similarly to the effect observed by β3-siMDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, the disintegrin or β3-silencing inhibited the transmigration of tumor cells through endothelial cells in vitro. These results demonstrate that endothelial αvβ3 integrin has a key role in tumor cell adhesion and transmigration through the endothelium under flow conditions. Support: Fapesp (grant no. 1998/14138-2), CNPq, and CAPES (Brazil) Citation Format: Cyntia Freitas Montenegro, Araceli Cristina Durante, Kelli Cristina Micocci, Antonio Carlos Manucci Pereira, Jr., Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo. A role for endothelial αvβ3 integrin in breast tumor cell migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B44.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITALIS ON THE T WAVE OF THE HUMAN ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Authors: Alfred E. Cohn, Francis R. Fraser, Ross A. Jamieson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

It has been shown in this investigation that digitalis, administered orally to patients, can modify the T wave in the electrocardiogram. When the T wave in the initial curve is directed upward, the first change noticed is a lowering, and the final change is an inversion of the wave. It is not only the wave itself, but that portion of the curve between the end of R and the end of T which is involved. Instances in which the initial T waves have other than upright forms are described and their behavior under the influence of digitalis has been indicated. This influence of digitalis on the T wave may be detected in thirty-six to forty-eight hours after the administration of digitalis has commenced; it may persist as long as twenty-two days after the administration has been stopped. Instances where it persisted only five days have been encountered. The unexpected length of duration of the sign probably explains why a second treatment with digitalis requires a smaller amount of the drug to produce the same effect, than the first.
Embedded mummified hookworm as a cause of bleeding from the duodenal bulb
Authors: I. Rácz, A. Szabó, M. Goda, É. Magyar
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Figure 1 An 81-year-old man underwent esophagogastroduodensocopy to investigate iron-deficiency anemia. A speculum-like foreign body, embedded in a mucosal protuberance, was seen in the duodenal bulb. The inner margin of the polyp-like lesion was ulcerated. The whole lesion was removed using a polypectomy snare (Video 1).
White paper on tobacco takes a laudable stance
Authors: D. Yach, E. LeGresley
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Whatever the domestic health impact of Britain's new white paper on tobacco,1 it will resonate loudly and positively around the world. The United Kingdom has done what few countries have done to date—it has formally recognised the global nature of the tobacco problem; accepted the necessity of international efforts to complement concerted domestic action; and acknowledged the responsibility of states to help …
Distinct but phenotypically heterogeneous human cell populations produce rapid recovery of platelets and neutrophils after transplantation
Authors: Alice M. S. Cheung, Donna Leung, Shabnam Rostamirad, Kiran Dhillon, Paul H. Miller, Radina Droumeva, Ryan R. Brinkman, Donna Hogge, Denis Claude Roy, Connie J. Eaves
Journal: Blood (2012)

Delayed recovery of mature blood cells poses a serious, expensive, and often life-threatening problem for many stem cell transplantation recipients, particularly if heavily pretreated and serving as their own donor, or having a CB transplantation as the only therapeutic option. Importantly, the different cells required to ensure a rapid, as well as a permanent, hematopoietic recovery in these patients remain poorly defined. We now show that human CB and mobilized peripheral blood (mPB) collections contain cells that produce platelets and neutrophils within 3 weeks after being transplanted into sublethally irradiated NOD/scid-IL-2Rγc-null mice. The cells responsible for these 2 outputs are similarly distributed between the aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive and -negative subsets of lineage marker-negative CB and mPB cells, but their overall frequencies vary independently in individual samples. In addition, their total numbers can be seen to be much (> 30-fold) lower in a single "average" CB transplantation compared with a single "average" mPB transplantation (normalized for a similar weight of the recipient), consistent with the published differential performance in adult patients of these 2 transplantation products. Experimental testing confirmed the clinical relevance of the surrogate xenotransplantation assay for quantifying cells with rapid platelet regenerative activity, underscoring its potential for future applications.
Hypoadiponectinemia accelerates hepatic tumor formation in a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mouse model
Authors: Yoshihiro Kamada, Hitoshi Matsumoto, Shinji Tamura, Juichi Fukushima, Shinichi Kiso, Koji Fukui, Takumi Igura, Norikazu Maeda, Shinji Kihara, Tohru Funahashi, Yuji Matsuzawa, Iichiro Shimomura, Norio Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Is the NHS getting better or worse?: We need to ask the right questions
Authors: R. Leckridge
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Smith's editorial is entitled “Is the NHS getting better or worse?”1 Better or worse at what? Maybe one of the reasons we don't have the data to answer the question reliably is that the question is not well formed. This is a basic starting principle of evidence based medicine: to get a clear answer you need to …
TCT-449 Short and Long Term Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Treatment with a Latest Generation Drug Eluting Stent
Authors: Alejandro Alcocer Chauvet, Ralf Blank, Attila Dirkali, Sagar Doshi, Andrejs Erglis, Paul Hsien-Li Kao, Chaim Lotan, Aleksandar Neskovic, Jawed Polad, Sergei Vlasenko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Can emerging biomarkers of myocardial remodelling identify asymptomatic hypertensive patients at risk for diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure?
Authors: Patrick Collier, Chris J. Watson, Victor Voon, Dermot Phelan, Aftab Jan, George Mak, Ramon Martos, John A. Baugh, Mark T. Ledwidge, Kenneth M. McDonald
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Anaesthesia and Monoamine-oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: K. Witton
Journal: BMJ (1965)

JBoiUA 169 signs of any abnormality in the central nervous system.The blood-pressure was known to have been within normal limits previously.The patient was put to bed and sedated, but it was later found that she could not be roused; when seen again by her doctor two hours after the first examination she was comatose, with a blood-pressure of 170/100 mm.Hg; the patient was sent to hospital, but died very shortly after admission.Post-mortem examination showed a haemor- rhage in the left cerebral hemisphere disrupting the internal capsule and adjacent areas of the left corpus striatum.No other abnormality was found-in particular, no intracranial aneurysms -and no evidence of long-standing hypertension.-We are, etc.,
IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Sten Hammarström, Rutger Lagercrantz, Peter Perlmann, Bengt E. Gustafsson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

Sera from patients with ulcerative colitis contain antibodies which hemagglutinate sheep red cells, sensitized with phenol-water extracts from. colon, cecum, or feces of germfree rats. Minor concentrations of such antibodies are also present in a certain fraction of normal human sera. Hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition experiments with human erythrocytes and with the rat extracts showed that the latter contained an antigen similar to human blood group A antigen. In contrast, a blood group B-like antigen could not be detected in these extracts. However, experiments with eel serum indicated that these extracts also contained an antigen similar to the H antigen of the human ABO system. Absorption of ulcerative colitis sera with human A(1) erythrocytes but not that with B or O erythrocytes gave, in a few cases, a slight reduction of the hemagglutinating titers against rat cecum-sensitized sheep erythrocytes. In contrast, this treatment considerably reduced such titers when found in sera from healthy persons or from patients with unrelated diseases. It could be concluded that the rat extracts also contained a "colon" antigen, detected with antibodies, present at elevated titers, in the sera of ulcerative colitis patients, but not in those of the controls. This colon antigen is immunologically distinct from the blood group antigens studied. Hemagglutination inhibition experiments indicated that A, H and colon antigen were widely distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the germfree rats. The colon antigen was found to be enriched in the extracts from colon, cecum, and feces. Fluorescent antibody staining provided evidence that both the colon antigen and the A antigen were present in similar sites of the colon and cecum mucosa, particularly in goblet cells of the crypts, and in the mucus.
Granulomatous variant of chronic pigmented purpuric dermatosis: report of two cases.
Authors: W-R. Wong, T-T. Kuo, M-J. Chen, H-L. Chan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Two patients presenting with chronic pigmented purpuric dermatosis (CPPD) on the dorsum of both feet were found to show granulomatous inflammation superimposed on the pathological changes of CPPD. Two similar cases have been reported from Japan. The unique clinicopathological features of this group of patients suggest that they have a rare granulomatous variant of CPPD.
Standing-Wave Components in Arterial Pulses of Hypothermic Dogs
Authors: ROBERT S. ALEXANDER, J. pindar
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

Anesthetized dogs were artificially cooled to temperatures at which a marked prolongation of systole was observed. Under these conditions, it was possible to identify undulations in pressure during the prolonged systole without confusion with incisural pressure changes. These pressure undulations in the aortic arch were observed to occur simultaneously with but in opposite phase relations to the primary peak and dicrotic oscillations recorded from the femoral artery. This evidence offers additional support to the standing-wave theory.
Value of Mercaptomerin and Intravenous Aminophylline in Cardiac Oedema Resistant to Other Diuretics
Authors: J. G. Domenet, D. W. Evans, O. Brenner
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Since the introduction of chlorothiazide and its analogues the place of mercurial diuretics in the treat ment of oedema due to congestive cardiac failure has become much smaller, and their use is now practically restricted to cases which fail to respond to the benzthiazide derivatives (Brit. med. J., 1959). Nevertheless, in any extensive cardiological practice there will be found a hard core of such cases, and some of these will prove unresponsive also to mercurials by injection, in spite of concurrent salt restriction, bed rest, and digitalis therapy. Ammonium chloride may sometimes restore responsiveness to mercurials, but its administration for this purpose has proved disappointing in our experience. It has therefore been for several years the practice of this unit to treat such resistant cases with the combination of mercaptomerin ( thiomerin ) intra muscularly, and, two hours later, aminophylline intravenously. The observed response of individual patients recently treated was so impressive that a search of the records during the past four years was made in an attempt to evaluate the true efficacy of this combina tion in producing diuresis, natriuresis, loss of weight, and clinical improvement where other drugs (usually including chlorothiazide) had failed. The analysis of this accumulated experience confirms the power of these diuretic agents combined in this way. No similar large-scale clinical assessment appears to have been recorded, although many 'years have passed since early descriptions of potentiation of mercurial diuresis by intravenous aminophylline (Goodman et al., 1942; Weston and Escher, 1948 ; Vogl, 1953), and this may possibly account for the less widespread use of the combination than its value would seem to merit.
The Lutropin/Choriogonadotropin Receptor… 4 Years Later*
Authors: DEBORAH L. SEGALOFF, MARIO ASCOLI
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1993)

IN 1989 we published a review in this journal in which we summarized, criticized, and attempted to reconcile the conflicting data that existed on the structure of the mammalian LH/CG receptor (1). Based on our analysis of the existing data we concluded that the LH/CG receptor was composed of a single polypeptide chain. Since that review was published, complementary DNAs (cDNAs) for the LH/CG receptor from several species have been cloned, sequenced, and expressed, conclusively establishing that this receptor is indeed a single polypeptide chain (2–5). The cloning of the cDNAs for the LH/CG receptor has also generated new knowledge and experimental tools that are rapidly being used to probe novel aspects of the functions and regulation of this important receptor. Since the studies leading to the cloning of the first cDNA for the LH/CG receptor have been recently summarized (6), this review will only briefly touch on this aspect and focus mainly on what has been learned since the initial cloning was published.
Design of Surgery Premises and Employment of Nurses
Authors: I. Cookson, F. W. Millard
Journal: BMJ (1970)

The surgery premises of many general practitioners have no accommodation for a nurse. Some have only a nurse/treatment room away from the consulting and examination rooms. Modern designs are no better, and are inadequate in view of the present trend to employ more nurses in group practices. Much of the value of a nurse is lost if she cannot help patient and doctor at the time of examination. The premises described here were designed to enable her to do so by combining the treatment room with a clinical room and a set of examination rooms.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Traumatic Problems in Homosexual Men
Authors: WILLIAM F. OWEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

In addition to gonorrhea and syphilis, both of which may develop primarily at anorectal or pharyngeal sites, a number of conditions, including Neisseria meningitidis urethritis, nonspecific urethritis, anorectal herpes, condyloma acuminatum, amebiasis, giardiasis, shigellosis, typhoid fever, enterobiasis, and hepatitis A and B, have been identified as being transmitted by male homosexual contact. Proctologic complications of anal intercourse include allergic reactions to anal lubricants, prolapsed hemorrhoids, anal fistulas, and fissures. Rectosigmoid tears may result from fist, forearm, and foreign body penetration of the bowel. Physicians can best help their homosexual patients by accepting them and their relationships nonjudgmentally and by understanding their special health needs.
Quantitative variations in the disposition of the enteric surface coat in mouse jejunum
Authors: S. N. Rao, T. M. Mukherjee, A. W. Williams
Journal: Gut (1972)

Utilizing colloidal iron staining to localize acid mucosubstances both at light and electron microscopic levels it has been observed that, in the strain of mice studied, there is a distinct variation in the cell-to-cell disposition of the so-called `glycocalyx9, ie, the enteric surface coat. It has been inferred that this glycoprotein surface coat is not—analogous to lubricious mucous secretion—a uniform smearing of the epithelial cells by goblet cell mucus. It is also found that each cell possesses and synthesizes its own individual surface coat, with some cells exhibiting more, others less, and still others deficient in surface coat at a given time. It is suggested that these observed variations could well reflect the maturity and functional state of the absorptive cells.
Role of the private sector in developing new infertility treatments
Authors: M. Gaudoin, R. Fleming, P. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Hurley’s article on new technologies in infertility treatment requires a response.1 In more than 30 years of in vitro fertilisation, assessment of embryo quality has changed little. It is based on subjective assessment consisting of two or three examinations over 2-5 days, during which embryos are removed from their controlled environment. The “best” embryo is not always selected, …
Effective Treatment of Established Mouse Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Systemic Administration of Dendritic Cells Genetically Modified to Express FasL
Authors: Seon Hee Kim, Sunyoung Kim, Thomas J. Oligino, Paul D. Robbins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Previous reports have demonstrated the ability of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), genetically modified to express Fas ligand (FasL), to inhibit T-cell responses through the induction of apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells. Here we have examined the ability of primary mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs), genetically modified by adenoviral infection to express FasL, to inhibit progression of established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice. Systemic injection of DC/FasL into mice with established CIA resulted in substantial disease amelioration as determined by analysis of paw swelling, arthritic index, and number of arthritic paws. Moreover, a single injection of DC/FasL resulted in extended suppression of disease. We also demonstrate that treatment of arthritic mice with DC/FasL suppressed interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production from spleen-derived lymphocytes and reduced T-cell proliferation following collagen stimulation without affecting the levels of anti-collagen antibody isotypes. These results demonstrate that systemic administration of DC/FasL is able to suppress collagen-reactive T cells, resulting in effective and sustained treatment of established CIA.
The First Reported Outbreak of Diarrheal Illness Associated with Cyclospora in the United States
Authors: Philip Huang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To investigate and characterize the epidemiology of a diarrheal outbreak associated with a potentially new pathogen, Cyclospora species (previously referred to as Cyanobacteria [blue-green algae]-like bodies). Design: Three retrospective cohort studies supported by laboratory studies, environmental investigation, and community surveillance. Setting: A hospital in Chicago. Participants: Housestaff physicians and hospital administrative staff. Measurements: Identification of clinical features associated with illness and potential risks for acquisition of infection. Results: Illness was characterized by watery diarrhea, abdominal cramping, decreased appetite, and low-grade fever. Symptoms typically occurred in a distinctive cycle of remissions and exacerbations lasting up to several weeks. Stool cultures and examinations for known ova and parasites were negative. Microscopic examination of stool specimens from 11 ill persons showed many spherical bodies, 8 to 10 µ m in diameter, that were identified as Cyclospora organisms. The organisms disappeared by 9 weeks after onset of illness in the 7 patients from whom follow-up specimens were obtained. Epidemiologic studies implicated tap water from a physicians' dormitory as the most likely source of the outbreak. Environmental investigation suggested that stagnant water in a storage tank may have contaminated the water supply after a pump failure. Conclusions: This is the first reported outbreak of diarrhea associated with Cyclospora in the United States. Cyclospora may be a human enteric pathogen able to produce bouts of acute and relapsing diarrhea, and it should be considered in assessments of patients with unexplained, prolonged diarrheal illness.
GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN BY SPECKLE TRACKING IN MIDDLE AGED ATHLETICALLY TRAINED SUBJECTS WITH ECG REPOLARIZATION ABNORMALITIES DURING EXERCISE STRESS TEST
Authors: Emilia E. D&apos;Elia, Silvia Celada, Daniele Poggio, Valentina Casali, Carla Auguadro, Giuseppe Specchia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
John Niall Meredydd Parry
Authors: D. J Llewellyn
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Before Emanuel Papper and a few colleagues made anaesthesiology a lifesaving specialty, surgeons were limited to operations of about an hour . . .otherwise the patient might not have woken up.Papper was one of a few anaesthetists who, after 1945, made the USA by far the greatest force in academic anaesthesia.By 1962 he had persuaded the National Institutes of Health to fund anaesthetic research.From these endeavours emerged the subspecialties of pain treatment and intensive care.Papper was born in 1915 in a tenement in Harlem, New York, to poor immigrant Jewish parents.His father was a stonemason; his mother, a social activist, insisted on hard work, honesty, and academic achievement.