tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous 'ringworm' lesions of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis
Authors: N.H. COX, B. IRVING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis is a saprophytic fungus which is occasionally isolated as an apparent cause of toenail fungal infection, and which rarely has been reported as a cause of deep fungal granuloma. We report a case of skin infection with this organism, which was proved by culture of a pure isolate. The skin lesions had an annular ringworm appearance with pustules, they occurred initially at a site of minor injury, and they responded to treatment with terbinafine and itraconazole.
Study of 8-year-old children with a history of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy.
Authors: D G Sims, M A Downham, P S Gardner, J K Webb, D Weightman
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Thirty-five children known to have had respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy were examined at the age of 8 and their respiratory function tested. The results were compared with those in 35 controls matched for age, sex, and social class. Although 18 of the children who had had bronchiolitis in infancy had experienced subsequent episodes of wheezing, these were neither severe nor frequent in most cases and had apparently ceased by the age of 8. Nevertheless, the mean exercise bronchial lability of the children who had had bronchiolitis was significantly higher than that of the control children and the mean peak expiratory flow rate at rest significantly lower. Atopy, assessed by family and personal history alone, did not seem to be related to either bronchiolitis or wheezing episodes after bronchiolitis. The parents of the children who had had bronchiolitis smoked significantly more cigarettes during the infant's first year of life than those of the control children. The results suggest that bronchiolitis and childhood asthma are not closely related. Bronchial hyperreactivity might be inherited independently of atopy, but environmental factors seem the most likely link between severe respiratory infection in infancy and chronic or recurrent respiratory illness in adult life.
Monoclonal antibodies against macrophage colony-stimulating factor diminish the number of circulating intermediate and nonclassical (CD14++CD16+/CD14+CD16++) monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis patient
Authors: Mariusz Korkosz, Karolina Bukowska-Strakova, Seth Sadis, Tomasz Grodzicki, Maciej Siedlar
Journal: Blood (2012)
CLCN2 variants in idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Ailing Kleefuß-Lie, Waltraut Friedl, Sven Cichon, Karsten Haug, Maike Warnstedt, Alexi Alekov, Thomas Sander, Alfredo Ramirez, Barbara Poser, Snezana Maljevic, Simon Hebeisen, Christian Kubisch, Johannes Rebstock, Steve Horvath, Kerstin Hallmann, Jörn S Dullinger, Birgit Rau, Fritz Haverkamp, Stefan Beyenburg, Herbert Schulz, Dieter Janz, Bernd Giese, Gerhard Müller-Newen, Peter Propping, Christian E Elger, Christoph Fahlke, Holger Lerche
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Abstract 1433: The Cardioregulatory Peptide Apelin is Preferentially Expressed by Endothelial Cells and Upregulated in Myocardial Disease States
Authors: Ramendra K Kundu, Ahmad Y Sheikh, Michael Y Ho, Hyung J Chun, Diem T Huynh, Ziad A Ali, Katherine J Ransohoff, Andrew J Connolly, Euan A Ashley, Robert C Robbins, Thomas Quertermous
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: The APJ receptor and its ligand, apelin, comprise a homeostatic, cardio-regulatory pathway. Although cardiac apelin expression levels are altered in humans with cardiac failure, the cell type responsible for apelin expression and modulation in disease states remains unknown. Hypothesis: Apelin production is restricted to the endothelial compartment and is upregulated in states of cardiovascular stress. Methods: Transgenic apelin-LacZ reporter mice (SVJ background) were created by insertion of the nuclear localizing bacterial LacZ gene immediately downstream of the apelin promoter. Mice (n=12) were randomized to left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation, thoracic aortic constriction (TAC) or sham groups. Hearts were harvested 3 and 8 weeks post-TAC or LAD ligation, respectively. Localization of apelin expression was determined by Xgal staining. Endothelial phenotype of lacZ positive cells was confirmed by CD31 co-staining. Apelin expressing cells were quantified by histology. Apelin reporter results were confirmed by quantitating apelin expression in WT animals following LAD ligation (n=11) or sham (n=11) procedure by RT-PCR. Results: Extensive immunohistochemistry studies of heart tissue revealed lacZ reporter gene expression to be restricted to the coronary venous and capillary endothelium, with no expression by cardiomyocytes. Following both LAD ligation and TAC, the number of LacZ-apelin (+) endothelial cells significantly increased (p&lt;0.002) in all chambers of the heart (Table ), with no evidence of apelin expression by other cell types. Evaluation of WT hearts by RT-PCR for the apelin gene confirmed the reporter gene findings with 1.3±0.3 fold increase (p&lt;0.05) of apelin expression induced by LAD ligation compared to sham. Conclusions: Apelin is primary expressed by endothelial cells within the heart and is upregulated in response to myocardial stress. Apelin-LacZ Expressing Endothelial Cells are Increased Following Myocardial Injury
The Prescription-Drug Problem
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The soaring cost of prescription drugs has caused two interrelated problems — the expense for those who can afford to pay for them and the limited access to medications for those who cannot. These problems are particularly severe for the elderly and people with chronic illness.From 1999 to 2000, spending for prescription drugs grew by 17.3 percent, the sixth consecutive year with a double-digit increase (Figure 1). The rate of growth is greater than for any other health service. There are many reasons for this, including the introduction of new treatments and the aging of the population. Direct-to-consumer advertising . . .
Abstract 2684: Immunosensitization of apoptosis-resistant MART-1 negative human melanomas by bortezomib
Authors: Ali R. Jazirehi, James S. Economou
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of ex-vivo engineered autologous lymphocytes encoding high-affinity MART-1+/ HLA A*0210+-specific T-cell receptor α/β (TCRα/β) (F5 CTL) mediates dramatic, but partial, clinical responses in lymphodepleted metastatic melanoma patients. Various mechanisms have been postulated for the limited clinical responses. Selective outgrowth of antigen (MART-1)-loss variants is one potential mechanism of immune-resistance. Our first hypothesis is that development of MART-1-loss variants is due to MART-1 down-modulation upon encountering F5 CTLs. We also hypothesized aberrant apoptotic signaling may contribute to immune-resistance. To test these hypotheses, we established an in vitro model of resistant (R) lines from sensitive parental (P) lines under F5 CTL-selective pressure. Unlike P lines, F5 CTLs failed to recognize and kill R lines. Moreover, R lines exhibited hyper-activation of NF-κB anti-apoptotic signaling pathway and over-expression of NF-κB-dependent resistant-factors. Specific pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB and silencing of resistant-factors (siRNA) were required, but insufficient, to restore sensitivity of R lines. MART-1 peptide pulsing restored recognition (cytokine release) but not killing of R lines by F5 CTLs. However, bortezomib blocked NF-κB activity, reduced expression of resistant-factors, restored MART-1 expression, and immuno-sensitized R lines. Moreover, MART-1 specific CTLs from metastatic melanoma patients were unable to kill the R lines, whereas bortezomib sensitized the R lines to MART-specific CD8 cells. These novel results suggest that bortezomib interferes with both deregulated signaling pathway and restores recognition of poorly-immunogenic resistant-variants by melanoma-reactive CTLs, thus, imposes a pro-apoptotic/MART-1+ phenotype to R cells and reverses their acquired-resistance. Results also imply that immune-resistance is multi-faceted; development of MHC-/Ag-loss variants and perturbed apoptotic signaling pathways are both important contributing factors. Combining targeted therapy with F5 CTL overrides resistance, which may improve clinical responses. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2684. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2684
Doctors in The Human Comedy
Authors: F. N. L. Poynter
Journal: JAMA (1968)

It was in 1833 that Honoré de Balzac first had the idea of a great series of novels which would present a complete picture of the human scene, depicting the character of man and society in all its aspects and in every situation. But this grandiose plan was not meant to be merely descriptive, for it was inspired throughout by a unifying philosophy which claimed to show<i>why</i>man is as he is and why the social structure takes the form it does. He had already worked out the number of volumes—48— needed to present this panoramic view of mankind, but it was six years later that he first invited comparison, or contrast, with Dante's great epic by giving the series the title<i>La Comédie Humaine</i>. Balzac was living and writing in Paris, the city which is still for all Frenchmen<i>le monde</i>, as it certainly was in 1833. If
Applying for jobs.
Authors: P Rhodes
Journal: BMJ (1983)

22 Ardran GM, Coates R, Dickson RA, Dixon-Brown A, Harding FM. Assessment of scoliosis in children. Low-dose radiographie technique. Br J Radiol 1980;53:146-7. 23 Whittle MW, Evans M. Instrument for measuring the Cobb angle in scoliosis. Lancet 1979;i:414. 24 Cobb JR. Outline for the study of scoliosis. In: Edwards JW, ed. Instructional course lecture. Vol 5. Ann Arbor, Michigan: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1948:261. 25 Commission on Chronic Illness. Chronic illness in the United States. Vol I. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1957. 26 Whitby LG. Screening for disease. Definitions and criteria. Lancet 1974; ii:819-22. 27 Sabatier. Traite complete d'anatomic Paris: 1777. Quoted by A Farkas.28 28 Farkas A. Physiological scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg 1941;23:607-27. 29 De Smet AA, Fritz SL, Asher MA. A method for minimising the radiation exposure from scoliosis radiographs. J Bone Joint Surg 1981 ;63A: 156-8. 30 Dickson RA, Lawton JO, Archer IA, et al. Combined median and coronal plane asymmetry?the essential lesion of progressive idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg (in press). 31 Nachemson A. A long-term follow-up study of non-treated scoliosis. Acta Orthop Scand 1968;39:466-76. 32 Belstead JS, Edgar MA. Early detection of scoliosis. Br MedJ 1978;ii: 937-8.
Striae of the penis
Authors: Leslie Stankler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Striae of the penis Get access Leslie Stankler Leslie Stankler Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 107, Issue 3, 1 September 1982, Pages 371–372, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00374.x Published: 01 September 1982
The biological response of infant nonhuman primates to a polychlorinated biphenyl.
Authors: L J Abrahamson, J R Allen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1973)

Recently there have been numerous reports on lesions produced by the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in various animals.However, there is a paucity of data on the effects of these compounds in primates, in- cluding man.The PCBs have been found in measurable amounts in human adipose tissue (1) and in human (2) and cows' milk (3), where they pose a source of contamination for infants.In 1968, over 1000 persons were affected following the consumption of PCB-contaminated rice oil (4).The ingestion of approximately 2.0 g of PCB caused nausea, lethargy, subcutaneous edema of the face, and acneform lesions in a large percentage of the exposed persons.Adolescents and young adults were affected most severely, and the symptoms and lesions have persisted in many of these persons for over 3 years.Infants bom of affected mothers were small and had brown stained skin and eye discharge.Male school children who were exposed to the PCBs were below average in height and weight.Allen et al. (5,6) have recently fed PCBs to adult rhesus monkeys at a level of 300 ppm in the diet.These animals developed alopecia, facial edema, and isolated acneform lesions of
Fibrositis: A Biographical Study of Fifty Civilian and Military Cases, from the Rheumatic Unit, St. Stephen's Hospital (London County Council), and a Military Hospital
Authors: P. Ellman, O. A. Savage, E. Wittkower, T. F. Rodger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1942)

THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES intolerance for fatty foods, though the principles involved in the above general distribution of the foodstuffs have application to nearly all cases.The arthritic requirements for other dietary factors-viz., minerals, water, bulk and palatability-present no great departures from the usual.When dietary supplies are adjusted to optimal levels, as above described, and in co-ordination with the demands of the arthritic, conditions are most favourable for convalescence.While recovery will occur in certain patients without taking these factors into account, in others it is of crucial or paramount importance.There are few, if any, arthritic cases in which the rate of recovery cannot be expedited by co-ordinating dietetic measures, as above described, with the many other agencies necessary in achieving " total support " of the patient.Neglect of the physiological influences upon the arthritic syndrome, available through purposive dietary adjustments, has led to the development of cults in which under-nutrition or even starvation constitutes a routine therapeutic procedure.This uncritical application of certain nuclei of truth succeeds therapeutically in some cases robust enough to tolerate it and accounts for the success of such movements.It results in great injustice to asthenic arthritic subjects, however, and will probably continue to do so until the orthodox profession concerns itself more with the issues at stake. FIBROSITIS
Unusual T-wave abnormality. Repolarization alternans associated with hypomagnesemia, acute alcoholism, and cardiomyopathy
Authors: H. H. Ricketts
Journal: JAMA (1969)

An unusual electrical alternans of the T wave occurred in which there were alternating positive and negative T waves with consecutive complexes. The clinical significance of this phenomenon in a patient with acute alcoholism, organic heart disease, and low serum magnesium level could not be accurately assessed. There was no evidence of paradoxical pulse or pulsus alternans, and the electrocardiogram finding spontaneously reverted.
Retroviral Retention Activates a Syk-Dependent HemITAM in Human Tetherin
Authors: Rui Pedro Galão, Suzanne Pickering, Rachel Curnock, Stuart J.D. Neil
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2014)

Tetherin (BST2/CD317) restricts the release of enveloped viral particles from infected cells. Coupled to this virion retention, hominid tetherins induce proinflammatory gene expression via activating NF-κB. We investigated the events initiating this tetherin-induced signaling and show that physical retention of retroviral particles induces the phosphorylation of conserved tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic tails of tetherin dimers. This phosphorylation induces the recruitment of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), which is required for downstream NF-κB activation, indicating that the tetherin cytoplasmic tail resembles the hemi-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (hemITAMs) found in C-type lectin pattern recognition receptors. Retroviral-induced tetherin signaling is coupled to the cortical actin cytoskeleton via the Rac-GAP-containing protein RICH2 (ARHGAP44), and a naturally occurring tetherin polymorphism with reduced RICH2 binding exhibits decreased phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. Thus, upon virion retention, this linkage to the actin cytoskeleton likely triggers tetherin phosphorylation and subsequent signal transduction to induce an antiviral state.
Coping with winter bed crises
Authors: J. Heyworth
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Human population growth Rich countries need education on resource conservationEditor-"Because rich countries remain the main source of new knowledge and new technologies, responsibility for finding paths to sustainability rests mainly with them." 1 Well said.Unfortunately, the rich countries, or at least the dominant sections in rich countries,have not yet learnt to view the world as a single whole.The world continues to be a space to be dominated.It used to be domination by conquering and colonising, now it is domination through unfair economic and trade agreements.National self interest takes precedence over global good.If corporations in the rich countries do things that exacerbate the divide between rich and poor and make sustainability increasingly difficult to attain, individuals in those countries add their bit by consuming scarce natural resources at an alarming rate.Development experts talk of the great importance of education in the poor countries.I think that educating the rich countries about the need to reduce consumption and conserve resources is equally, if not more, important.Without that it would be futile to expect the rich countries to find paths to sustainability.
Proteinase-activated receptor-2–mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 release from airway epithelial cells
Authors: Harissios Vliagoftis, Andreas Schwingshackl, Craig D. Milne, Marek Duszyk, Morley D Hollenberg, John L. Wallace, A.Dean Befus, Redwan Moqbel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
The Genesis of QRS Changes Produced by Selective Coronary Arteriography
Authors: ORLANDO MAYTIN, CESAR CASTILLO, AGUSTIN CASTELLANOS
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Selective coronary arteriography produces characteristic ST-T changes associated with significant axis shifts. In patients with normal control ÂQRS (mean, +88.6°; sd ± 12.2°) left coronary injections induced an important leftward deviation of the ÂQRS: mean, +8.2°; sd , ±49.1° ( P &lt; 0.001). Right coronary artery opacification changed the ÂQRS from a control mean of +66.5°; sd , ±17.2° to a mean of 89.3°; sd , ±16.7° ( P &lt; 0.001). Left axis shifts after left coronary artery injections were significantly more marked than right axis deviation after right coronary injections. Important increases (beyond 0.02 sec) in ventricular activation time were not observed. These electrocardiographic abnormalities were attributed to the transient ischemic or toxic effect produced by the bolus of dye. This could result in different degrees of complete or incomplete block in the divisions of the left branch or in an extensive peripheral block affecting large areas of the subendocardial regions of the heart.
Quantitative study of mucosal structure, enzyme activities and phenylalanine accumulation in jejunal biopsies of patients with early and late onset diabetes.
Authors: E O Riecken, A Zennek, A Lay, H Menge
Journal: Gut (1979)

A study of the three-dimensional structure of the upper jejunal mucosa in diabetics has been carried out. The structural findings were related to 14C-L-phenylalanine uptake in vitro, sucrase activity in mucosal homogenates, and the enzyme content of the absorptive cells as measured cytophotometrically. A low grade mucosal transformation of the sprue-type was found, which was associated with decreased sucrase activity, and with no reduction in phenylalanine accumulation. On the other hand the specific activities of alkaline phosphatase, non-specific esterase, and succinic dehydrogenase in the surface cells remained unchanged.
THE COLITIS OF INFANTS.A Paper prepared for the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine.
Authors: JAMES M. FRENCH
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Acute colitis, in the sense of an acute catarrh of the large intestine, occurs in infants as a pri¬ mary disease or as a part of the affection which has received, among other names, the designation entero-colitis.If, in what I have to say of it in the latter connection, I shall appear to make an unnatural separation of usually associated lesions, I hope to be excused on the ground that I believe that colitis is a part of the disease which is too often lost sight of, particularly in the treatment of it.It is in this connection with catarrh of the small intestine that the disease is most frequently en¬ countered.It then occurs as a sequence of chol¬ era infantum, or of an acute dyspeptic diarrhoea.1In its primary form colitis is usually due to er¬ rors in diet, especially when it affects infants which have passed the weaning period.Occa¬ sionally it complicates other diseases, as the acute exanthemata, or arises from the irritation of for¬ eign bodies or parasites in the bowel.It begins, in some cases, gradually, and runs a mild, nearly or quite afebrile course of a few days' duration ; in other cases, it begins with sudden alarming symptoms, rapid rise of temperature to 1030 or 1050, great prostration, nervous excitation, even convulsions, with frequent, small, bloody stools, consisting largely of mucus.It may then speed¬ ily terminate in death, or may last for weeks or months.It so much resembles, in its general features, the dysentery of adult life, that some authors have used the latter term in its descrip¬ tion.True dysentery is, however, rare in infants.The entero-colitis which follows the acute stage of cholera infantum is like a broken truce, or the
Treatment of Cervical Spine Dislocations
Authors: E. G. Bovill
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  In a letter in the March 27 issue ofThe Journal, Dr. Maurice W. Nicholson suggests that dislocations and fractures of the cervical spine can be treated in a more efficacious manner than that outlined in theFracture OF THE Month(218:1288, 1971). Nicholson then states that approximately 14 years ago, Cloward started fusing this type of fracture dislocation by the anterior route, and for the past six years I have done so in the same manner.  The case in question was a dislocation with locked facets without relevant fracture. We would agree with Nicholson that the anterior approach is applicable to selected fracture dislocations, but not to anterior dislocation with locked facets, since in the latter case the block to reduction is posterior and cannot be visualized from the anterior approach.
University of Minnesota made "serious" ethical errors in trial of antipsychotics, finds report
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The University of Minnesota’s handling of a case in which a psychiatric patient participating in a drug trial killed himself raised “serious ethical issues and numerous conflicts of interest, which university leaders have been consistently unwilling to acknowledge,” a scathing report by the state’s legislative auditor has found.1

The patient, Dan Markingson, then aged 27, killed himself in 2004, slashing open his neck and abdomen with a knife, while enrolled in a clinical trial that was comparing three antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis. The drugs being evaluated were quetiapine (marketed as Seroquel), olanzapine (Zyprexa), and risperidone (Risperdal). The trial, called Comparison of Atypicals in First Episode (CAFE), was funded by AstraZeneca, the manufacturer of olanzapine.

The new report said that before Markingson’s suicide his mother, Mary Weiss, had repeatedly questioned her son’s treatment team about his care and health, reporting that her son was saying that people were speaking to him through the television and that his treatment was not working. “While progress notes show Weiss’ calls and their content, there is little documented evidence that the study team followed up with her, particularly in a timely way,” the report said.

Weiss filed lawsuits against the …