tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"COLLEGE PHOBIA": SCHOOL REFUSAL IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: CHRISTOPHER H. HODGMAN, ALEX BRAIMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

Four cases are presented of school refusal behavior in university students. Similarities to younger patients are noted. Differences include the greater separation and challenge of the setting, absence of supportive authority figures, and enhanced difficulties in therapy for parents. The college psychiatrist must attempt early detection, an initially directive pyschotherapy, and energetic definition of the problem to assure proper psychotherapy whatever the outcome.
Angiotensin converting enzyme expression in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Authors: D P Schuster, E C Crouch, W C Parks, T Johnson, M D Botney
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We compared immunoreactivity for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in pulmonary artery and lung parenchymal tissues (obtained at the time of resection for lung transplantation) from eight patients with Stage IV primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) with the reactivity in similar tissues from eight normal donors. ACE immunoreactivity was markedly and consistently increased in the endothelium and subendothelial neointimal regions of elastic pulmonary arteries from patients with PPH as compared with normal pulmonary arteries. Immunoreactivity in normal muscular pulmonary arteries was usually less than in surrounding capillary endothelial cells, whereas it was usually of comparable intensity with that in surrounding alveolar capillaries in muscular pulmonary arteries of patients with PPH. These observations suggest that ACE may be involved in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling associated with neointimal formation in pulmonary arteries.
Health secretary reports on winter crisis
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1999)

After two weeks of crisis in the NHS, the health secretary, Frank Dobson, reported to parliament last Monday that the situation seemed to be easing, so long as there were no icy conditions to cause falls and fractures.

“I will not pretend that the NHS everywhere has coped as well as the public is entitled to expect,” Mr Dobson said, although he acknowledged the “huge effort” put in by staff.

He reported sharp increases in flu and flu-like illnesses that under a previous definition …
Risk of Hypotony in Noninfectious Uveitis
Authors: Ebenezer Daniel, Maxwell Pistilli, Siddharth S. Pujari, R. Oktay Kaçmaz, Robert B. Nussenblatt, James T. Rosenbaum, Eric B. Suhler, Jennifer E. Thorne, C. Stephen Foster, Douglas A. Jabs, Grace A. Levy-Clarke, John H. Kempen
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Nutrition for the Practicing Physician
Authors: Esther S. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The purpose of this book has been well and completely stated in the publisher's foreward: "To provide current clinical information in a practical and accessible format." That goal has been attained. The author states that certain topics have not been touched on. That is true, but on the whole, this book has enough upto-date nutritional information to make it a valuable reference book for any primary care physician and many others. It would seem that a chapter on what is considered good nutrition should precede one on malnutrition, a word that covers a multitude of feeding sins. Reading this makes one think that, sick or well, everyone can profit from excellent nutrition. It is today the most potent weapon in the physician's armamentarium. It indeed can work miracles, for no ailing person recovers without it. Of no other single type of therapy can this be said. Protein being a part
Case-Control Studies-Reply
Authors: Michael S. Kramer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We thank Dr Jick for providing additional information about the criteria for patient selection in the cited studies. These important details were unfortunately omitted from the published methods. We agree that the fundamental principle is to apply the same exclusion criteria equally to both cases and control subjects. We did not assert that all persons with predictably high or low rates of exposure must be included in the study groups, but simply advised that such patients not be<i>unequally</i>excluded from either the case or control group. Equal exclusion of such patients from both groups is one acceptable alternative, but whether such equality was achieved in the cited studies remains uncertain. In the first study,<sup>1</sup>for example, a woman with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer and chronic cardiovascular disease could be included in the case group, whereas a woman hospitalized for abdominal pain would be excluded
Drugs in the Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: Seymour L. Kushnir
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent article by Beers et al<sup>1</sup>and editorial by Dr Riesenberg<sup>2</sup>comment on psychotropic drug use and polypharmacy in institutionalized geriatric patients. The established view in geriatric psychiatry that is reiterated by these articles is that the choice of psychoactive medication should be primarily based on two considerations: efficacy in treating psychopathology and potential toxicity. Another consideration is important: some of these agents, especially tricyclic antidepressants, effectively treat gastrointestinal disorders.<sup>3</sup> Almost half of patients admitted to the hospital for acute peptic ulcer disease are over 65 years of age<sup>4</sup>and up to 90% of elderly individuals have hiatus hernia.<sup>5</sup>The antihistaminic action of these drugs, eg, of amitriptyline, doxepin, and trimipramine, is presumably a factor in the healing of peptic ulcer disease and the relief of gastric acid hypersecretion. The anticholinergic activity of these drugs may contribute to this healing process
PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY OVARIAN AND FIBROID TUMORS. REMARKS UPON INDICATIONS FOR TREATMENT.
Authors: L. H. DUNNING
Journal: JAMA (1897)

It is not my purpose to enter into a systematic or profound discussion of the subject indicated in my title. It is rather to remark in a practical way upon the indications for treatment, and to give point and emphaais to my remarks by a few illustrative cases, that this paper has been written. The presence of an ovarian tumor during pregnancy is a menace to the life of the patient. Abortion is not so prone to occur as in case of pregnancy complicated by a fibroid tumor. The dangers appear in consequence of serious happenings to the cyst and by the irritation produced by the presence of the tumor. These happenings may be mentioned in the order of their frequency: 1, peritonitis with adhesions; 2, suppuration of the cyst; 3, torsion of the pedicle; 4, gangrene of the cyst walls; 5, hemorrhage into the cyst. In an able article
TRACHOMA.Read before the South Kansas Medical Society at Wichita, Kan., Nov. 21, 1893.
Authors: FLAVEL B. TIFFANY
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Trachoma (from the Greek τραχυξ, rough), is the term intended to designate a certain disease of the lining of the lids or palpebrai conjunctiva; but it has been so indiscriminately used by physicians and some oculists when speaking of the different forms of conjunctivitis that there is much confusionas to its real signification. To most physicians, it means any form of granular conjunctivitis, be it simple, acute, subacute or chronic; especially if there is much roughness of the lining of the lids. In acute conjunctivitis we have a swelling of the papillas, giving a very rough condition of the palpebrai mucous membrane, but this is not trachoma. In catarrhal ophthalmia, and especially in purulent ophthalmia, the papillæ swell enormously, also the different glands, those of Moll and the Meibomian as well as the trachoma glands; but again, this is not trachoma. Inflammation of the conjunctiva may pass through the different
The BMJ and the Big Society
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Was Nagraj and Gillam’s editorial on patient participation groups just a tiny bit uncritical?1 And was the strapline added by the BMJ ’s editorial team (NHS reforms offer new and wide ranging opportunities) politically naive to the point of being irresponsible?

Input of service users to publicly funded healthcare can be a tool of the political …
Galactomannan in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Wouter Meersseman, Katrien Lagrou, Johan Maertens, Alexander Wilmer, Greet Hermans, Steven Vanderschueren, Isabel Spriet, Eric Verbeken, Eric Van Wijngaerden
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an important cause of mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, IA appears to be gaining a foothold in the intensive care unit (ICU) in patients without classical risk factors. A recent study described 89 cases of IA in patients in a medical ICU without leukemia or cancer. The diagnosis of IA remains difficult and is often established too late. Galactomannan (GM) is an exo-antigen released from Aspergillus hyphae while they invade host tissue.This prospective single-center study was conducted to investigate the role of GM in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid as a tool for early diagnosis of IA in the ICU.All patients with risk factors identified in our earlier study were evaluated. BAL for culture and GM detection, serum GM levels, and computed tomography scan were obtained for all included patients with signs of pneumonia. Patients were classified as having proven, probable, or possible IA.A total of 110 patients out of 1,109 admissions were eligible. There were 26 proven IA cases. Using a cutoff index of 0.5, the sensitivity and specificity of GM detection in BAL fluid was 88 and 87%, respectively. The sensitivity of serum GM was only 42%. In 11 of 26 proven cases, BAL culture and serum GM remained negative, whereas GM in BAL was positive.IA is common in immunocompromised, critically ill patients. GM detection in BAL fluid seems to be useful in establishing or excluding the diagnosis of IA in the ICU.
Esophageal Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica?
Authors: ANDREW L. HAHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 March 1975Esophageal Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica?ANDREW L. HAHN, M.D.ANDREW L. HAHN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-3-427_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The discussion of gastrointestinal manifestations in epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (recessive)by Orlando and colleagues (Ann Intern Med 81:203-206, 1974) was most informative. However, I suggest that the mucosal alterations in their Figure 2A do not, as they propose, represent bullae in the upper esophagus; rather, these changes are highly characteristic of esophageal intramural diverticulosis.This entity, first described by Mandl, McKay, and Tanner (1) in 1960 and recently reviewed by Hammon and associates (2) has been uniformly associated with dysphagia, which in several cases was due to esophageal stricture; in some instances it has been shown to...References1. MENDL K, MCKAY J, and TANNER C: Intramural diverticulosis of the esophagus and Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses in the gallbladder. Br J Radiol 33:496-501, 1960 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HAMMON J, RICE R, and POSTLETHWAIT R: Esophageal intramural diverticulosis. Ann Thorac Surg 17:260-267, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WELLER M and LUTZKER S: Intramural diverticulosis of the esophagus associated with postoperative hiatal hernia, alkaline esophagitis, and esophageal stricture. Radiology 98:373-377, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ANDREW L. HAHN, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Creighton University Omaha, Nebraska 68108 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEsophageal StrictureGastrointestinal Aspects of Epidermolysis Bullosa 1 March 1975Volume 82, Issue 3Page: 427-427KeywordsBlistersDysphagiaEsophagus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
MENTAL SYMPTOMS IN RELATION TO GENERAL MEDICINE
Authors: C. C. WHOLEY
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Every physician faces the problem of dealing with mental symptoms in his patients. Mental symptoms are of very frequent occurrence. They may arise in the course of any disease process. Not infrequently cases appear in which a morbid mental state constitutes the essential etiologic soil out of which the somatic, or bodily, symptoms arise. On the other hand, organic disease is constantly giving rise to emotional or mental reactions. On whichever basis they may arise, much of the mental symptomatology commonly encountered can be interpreted by the general medical practitioner. The general physician often hesitates to deal with mental conditions, although he attacks with confidence problems of equally obscure organic, serologic or bacterial origin. For example, the clinician makes use of the technical researches of the specialist in cardiorenal disorders, or of the biochemist in diabetes, or of the endocrinologist in the use of complicated ductless gland therapy. One reason
STONE EVACUATING CYSTOSCOPE
Authors: RAYMOND L. SCHULZ
Journal: JAMA (1923)

One of the difficulties in removing stones from the urinary bladder with the ordinary lithotrite is that the process is not under sufficient visual control, and it is not easy to get out all of the fragments even after they have been crushed. Residual fragments become the nuclei for further stone formation. Lithotrites which embody a cystoscopic telescope are now available. Some of these instruments are of so large a caliber as to have a limited field for use. For crushing stones, the Bigelow lithotrite is still a very good instrument, and can be found in many hospitals. Most of the evacuators heretofore in use have been more or less cumbersome. The work has to be done blindly, and considerable irrigation is sometimes necessary in order to remove all fragments. Apparently no one method is applicable in all cases. The device here presented is intended to simplify the complete removal
Diplopia in Upper Gaze
Authors: Don M. Smart
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> InThe Journal(<b>177</b>:588 [Aug. 25] 1961), a question concerning diplopia in the upper gaze was asked. The consultant did not suggest that the patient's diplopia could possibly be eliminated by glasses with an upper segment having prisms which allow the patient to have binocular vision. It would be necessary to know the measurements in the various positions of gaze, and particularly the measurements in the upward gaze, at a distance corresponding to the working distance the patient encountered as an underground miner. If he is already working, temporary clip-on glasses neutralizing his upward position of gaze would probably give him diplopia in other positions of gaze. The clip-on glasses could be taken to the mine for a trial run to see if they did correct diplopia on looking up. When suitable temporary clip-on glasses were found, this correction could be incorporated in glasses having an
Abstract P6-13-02: Survival Outcomes with Eribulin Mesylate vs. Treatment of the Physician's Choice (TPC) in Heavily Pretreated Subjects with Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer in North America, Western Europe, and Australia: Results of the Phase III EMBRACE Study
Authors: LT Vahdat, CJ Twelves, S Seegobin, C Akerele, J Wanders, J. Cortes
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Eribulin mesylate (E7389) is a nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor. We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label, phase III study to compare the efficacy and safety of eribulin vs. TPC in heavily pretreated subjects with locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. This report focuses on outcomes for participants enrolled in North America, Western Europe, and Australia (Region 1). Methods: Eligible subjects had locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer and had received 2-5 prior chemotherapy regimens, including an anthracycline and a taxane, with ≥2 of the regimens given for locally recurrent or metastatic disease. Subjects were stratified by geographic region, HER2/neu status, and prior capecitabine treatment. They were randomized 2:1 to receive eribulin 1.4 mg/m2 intravenously over 2-5 minutes on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days or an approved TPC. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); progression-free survival (PFS) was a secondary endpoint. Results: A total of 762 subjects in 135 centers worldwide were enrolled. Subjects had a median age of 55 years, 92% were white, 76% were postmenopausal, and 81% had taxane-refractory disease. The median time since original diagnosis was 6.7 years. The majority of subjects (488 [64%]) were from Region 1, of whom 325 received eribulin and 163 received TPC. The most common treatments received by subjects from Region 1 in the TPC arm were vinorelbine (28%), gemcitabine (17%), capecitabine (13%), taxanes (20%), and anthracyclines (12%). 9% of subjects in this region received other therapies. Among the intent-to-treat population in Region 1, median OS was significantly prolonged with eribulin (13.3 months) vs. TPC (10.2 months) (HR: 0.724; 95% CI: 0.568-0.924; p=0.009). Median PFS was also prolonged with eribulin (3.3 months) vs. TPC (2.2 months; HR: 0.843; 95% CI: 0.666-1.066; p=0.153) in this population, as assessed by independent reviewers. Conclusion: OS was significantly prolonged in eribulin-treated patients participating in the EMBRACE trial in the North America, Western Europe, and Australia region. When assessed by independent review, PFS was also prolonged with eribulin, although this difference did not reach statistical significance for this geographic region. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-13-02.
The histone methyltransferase inhibitor, DZNep, up-regulates TXNIP, increases ROS production, and targets leukemia cells in AML
Authors: Jianbiao Zhou, Chonglei Bi, Lip-Lee Cheong, Sylvia Mahara, Shaw-Cheng Liu, Kian-Ghee Tay, Tze-Loong Koh, Qiang Yu, Wee-Joo Chng
Journal: Blood (2011)
Direct Evidence Revealing Structural Elements Essential for the High Binding Ability of Bisphenol A to Human Estrogen-Related Receptor-γ
Authors: Hiroyuki Okada, Takatoshi Tokunaga, Xiaohui Liu, Sayaka Takayanagi, Ayami Matsushima, Yasuyuki Shimohigashi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Various lines of evidence have shown that bisphenol A [BPA; HO-C6H4-C(CH3)2-C6H4-OH] acts as an endocrine disruptor when present in very low doses. We have recently demonstrated that BPA binds strongly to human estrogen-related receptor-gamma (ERR-gamma ) in a binding assay using [3H]4-hydroxytamoxifen ([3H]4-OHT). We also demonstrated that BPA inhibits the deactivation activity of 4-OHT.In the present study, we intended to obtain direct evidence that BPA interacts with ERR-gamma as a strong binder, and also to clarify the structural requirements of BPA for its binding to ERR-gamma.We examined [3H]BPA in the saturation binding assay using the ligand binding domain of ERR-gamma and analyzed the result using Scatchard plot analysis. A number of BPA derivatives were tested in the competitive binding assay using [3H]BPA as a tracer and in the luciferase reporter gene assay.[3H]BPA showed a KD of 5.50 nM at a Bmax of 14.4 nmol/mg. When we examined BPA derivatives to evaluate the structural essentials required for the binding of BPA to ERR-gamma , we found that only one of the two phenol-hydroxyl groups was essential for the full binding. The maximal activity was attained when one of the methyl groups was removed. All of the potent BPA derivatives retained a high constitutive basal activity of ERR-gamma in the luciferase reporter gene assay and exhibited a distinct inhibitory activity against 4-OHT.These results indicate that the phenol derivatives are potent candidates for the endocrine disruptor that binds to ERR-gamma.
Origin of the Right Pulmonary Artery from the Ascending Aorta
Authors: ROBERT M. ARMER, HARRIS B. SHUMACKER, EUGENE C. KLATTE
Journal: Circulation (1961)

A case of anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta with an associated patent ductus arteriosus has been described. Successful complete surgical correction was accomplished after physiologic and cineangiocardiographic studies had established the diagnosis. Postoperative evaluation demonstrated a return to nearly normal physiologic values. The unparalleled value of selective angiocardiography in the anatomic assessment of cardiovascular lesions is emphasized.
Longitudinal Assessment of Airway Caliber and Responsiveness in Workers Exposed to Chlorine
Authors: DENYSE GAUTRIN, CHRISTOPHE LEROYER, CLAIRE INFANTE-RIVARD, HERBERTO GHEZZO, JEAN-GUY DUFOUR, DENISE GIRARD, JEAN-LUC MALO
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

This longitudinal study (1992–1994) was performed to determine the relation between accidental chlorine exposure and changes in lung function and airway responsiveness in 239 workers in a metal production plant. These workers had taken part in a cross-sectional survey in 1992. In both the initial and the follow-up surveys, history of exposure to chlorine ("puffs"), accidental chlorine inhalation reported to the first-aid unit (gassing incidents), and of chronic symptoms were documented; spirometry and methacholine challenge tests were performed. At follow-up, 211 workers (88.3%) were seen. In workers with 20 pack-years or more of cigarette smoking, the fall in FEV1 was associated with having had a gassing incident during the follow-up period; the fall in FEV1/FVC (%) was predicted by the number of puffs causing mild symptoms between the two assessments. An increase in airway responsiveness (PC20 decrease > 1.5-fold) was present in 19 workers; it was associated with accidents reported to the first-aid unit during the previous 2 yr (OR: 5.9, 95% CI: 1.1 to 32.3). These findings suggest: (1) an effect on airway function related to the estimated number of puffs with mild symptoms and gassing incidents, mostly among smokers; (2) a detectable increase in airway responsiveness associated with gassing incidents.