tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risks and Benefits of the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: John H. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Psoriasis is a chronic cutaneous disorder of unknown cause that afflicts at least 2 per cent of the population of the United States. The manifestations of psoriasis range from a few localized lesions to a generalized exfoliative erythroderma; the consequences of the disease vary from inconvenience to disablement. Epidermal proliferation with rapid cell turnover is a primary feature, so that therapies that inhibit cell division are used. Among these therapies photochemotherapy has been the treatment of choice since its introduction by Goeckerman in 1925.1 Initially, ultraviolet light in the short (290 to 320 nm) range was employed, along with crude . . .
The characteristics of nocturnal scratching in adults with atopic dermatitis
Authors: None Ebata, None Aizawa, None Kamide, None Niimura
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are known to suffer from nocturnal itch, and the resultant scratching may worsen the skin lesions. We observed nocturnal scratching for 112 nights in 35 adult patients with AD, using an infrared video camera system. To quantify the amount of scratching, we counted scratching bouts lasting more than 5 s and calculated the duration of all the scratching bouts (total scratching time, TST). The percentage of TST in the total recording time (TST%) was used as an index of nocturnal scratching. Mean +/- SD TST% was 14.3 +/- 13.9 for patients with severe AD, 6.2 +/- 3.7 for those with moderate AD and 0.7 +/- 0.4 for those with mild AD. The higher TST% in the severely affected group was attributed mainly to a longer duration rather than a higher frequency of bouts. Patients scratched more in the first third of the night than in the later two-thirds. Both the group of patients whose disease distribution pattern was generalized and those who showed a head-neck-shoulder type distribution scratched their heads, faces and necks for longer than other parts of the body. Repeated measurement performed on individual subjects resulted in a similar TST% when there was little change in skin lesions. TST% reduced by 15 +/- 21% when the patients showed marked improvement. The measurement of nocturnal scratching helps to evaluate the severity of itch in AD. In addition, the infrared video successfully detected the location and nature of nocturnal scratching in AD.
Overexpression of L1CAM accompanies acquired endocrine resistance and is associated with the development of an aggressive cell phenotype.
Authors: S Hiscox, N Jordan, A Crandon-Lewis, W Jiang, RI Nicholson, J Gee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3028 Background: Acquired resistance to endocrine therapies is associated with a gain in aggressive features in vitro which may impact on tumour spread in vivo. To identify potential candidate molecules which may promote this adverse cell behaviour, we performed microarray analysis on MCF-7 cell models of fulvestrant resistance ('FasR' cells) applying a commercial algorithm for signalling network discovery. We have subsequently investigated the significance of overexpression of L1CAM, a cell-surface adhesion molecule implicated in a MAPK signalling network and recently associated with tumour metastasis, in FasR cells and in clinical tissue.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: A network analysis algorithm was applied to t-test significant Affymetrix gene lists derived from FasR vs. MCF-7 cells (Almac Diagnostics). Subsequent to revealing a prominent L1CAM network, L1CAM gene and protein expression were assessed using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Inhibition of L1CAM was achieved using siRNA transfection. Cell invasion and migration were measured by seeding onto Matrigel- or fibronectin-coated microporous membranes respectively. After 48 hours, invasive/migratory cells were fixed, stained and counted. Analysis of cell signalling molecules was determined using Western blotting with phospho-specific antibodies. Clinical significance of L1CAM expression was determined by analysis of L1CAM expression in tumour (n=101) vs. normal (n=23) breast tissue using Q-PCR.&amp;#x2028; Results: Development of fulvestrant resistance in MCF7 cells was associated with ER loss and a gain in migratory and invasive capacity in vitro. L1CAM was overexpressed at both gene (p&amp;lt;0.05) and protein (p&amp;lt;0.01) level in FasR cells whereas little or no L1CAM was detectable in MCF7 cells confirming microarray findings. Network and ontological analysis predicted L1CAM lies upstream of an ERK2 network (26 genes; p&amp;lt;0.0001) impinging on transcription factors/regulators which may promote aggressive cell behaviour. In agreement, siRNA-mediated inhibition of L1CAM suppressed the activity of nuclear MAP kinase and reduced the intrinsic migratory and invasive nature of FasR cells in vitro. Preliminary analysis indicated L1CAM expression was inversely associated with ER status (p&amp;lt;0.01) and reduced overall survival (p=0.01).&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: These data suggest that L1CAM overexpression associates with emergence of ER-negative fulvestrant resistance in breast cancer, where it may confer a highly motile and invasive phenotype. Additionally, our clinical studies suggest L1CAM may also contribute to inherently aggressive, ER-negative breast cancers. L1CAM signalling may thus provide a new therapeutic target to subvert such aggressive states in vivo. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3028.
Causes of regional differences in air pollution effects are being studied further
Authors: K Katsouyanni, G Touloumi
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—In their letter about the APHEA project's results on the effects of particulate matter and sulphur dioxide on mortality,1 Bobak and Roberts proposed that heterogeneity in the observed effects between eastern and western European cities could be explained by differences in average winter temperature.2 They have calculated Spearman rank correlation coefficients to illustrate this association.

As described in our paper, we investigated the role …
The effects of recombinant interleukin 2-activated natural killer cells on autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors.
Authors: A Nagler, P L Greenberg, L L Lanier, J H Phillips
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

In the present study, we demonstrate that resting and rIL-2-activated NK cells had no inhibitory effects on peripheral blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor (HP) cells. Peripheral blood HP cells were similar to bone marrow progenitors in phenotype and clonogenic colony formation capabilities. Peripheral blood HP cells could be cocultured in vitro with rIL-2-activated autologous NK cells for 3 d without adverse effects on the HP cells. Acute myelogenous leukemia patients in stable remission were shown to have normal percentages of NK cells and elevated percentages of peripheral blood HP cells. NK cells from most of these patients could be activated with rIL-2 to lyse fresh uncultured tumor cells as well as autologous leukemia cells without effecting the peripheral blood HP cells. These results suggest that rIL-2-activated NK cells may be used to purge peripheral blood HP cell preparations of residual tumor cells before hematopoietic reconstitution.
Body surface mapping of ectopic left ventricular activation. QRS spectrum in patients with prior myocardial infarction.
Authors: A SippensGroenewegen, H Spekhorst, N M van Hemel, J H Kingma, R N Hauer, M J Janse, A J Dunning
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To improve electrocardiographic localization of the site of origin of ectopic left ventricular (LV) impulse formation in the heart with prior myocardial infarction, 62-lead body surface QRS integral maps were studied during LV pacing at a total of 221 endocardial sites in 14 patients with previous anterior (AMI), inferior (IMI), lateral (LMI), or anterior and inferior (AMI/IMI) myocardial infarction. The anatomic location of each pacing site was computed using digitized biplane fluoroscopic images and plotted on standardized LV endocardial polar projections. A data base of characteristic AMI and IMI mean QRS integral maps was developed after visually selecting subgroups with nearly identical QRS integral morphology from the ectopic activation sequences produced at 110 sites in eight patients with AMI and at 66 sites in four patients with IMI. Intrasubgroup pattern uniformity and intersubgroup pattern variability were statistically verified. The endocardial pacing site locations belonging to each AMI and IMI subgroup were depicted as segments on the respective LV polar projections. In patients with AMI, a total of 18 typical mean QRS integral patterns were obtained, whereas 22 different mean total QRS integral patterns showing more substantial intersubgroup variation were acquired in patients with IMI. Posterolateral regions exhibited a relatively low electrocardiographic sensitivity (six AMI and five IMI patterns) as compared with anteroseptal regions (12 AMI and 17 IMI patterns). Total QRS integral patterns obtained at 24 sites in one patient with LMI were largely compatible with the IMI mean total QRS integral patterns, whereas the majority of total QRS integral patterns acquired at 21 sites in one patient with AMI/IMI corresponded with the AMI mean total QRS integral patterns. The results show that total body surface QRS integral maps generated during LV pacing in patients with prior myocardial infarction cluster by pattern and that each QRS integral pattern is related to a circumscribed endocardial segment of ectopic impulse formation. The relation between a given QRS integral pattern and the position and size of the corresponding paced segment is dependent on infarct location. The present infarct-specific data base of characteristic total body surface QRS integral patterns provides a clinical tool to obtain detailed electrocardiographic localization of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with previous myocardial infarction.
Inhibition of Hageman factor activation
Authors: H. L. Nossel, H. Rubin, M. Drillings, R. Hsieh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

A method for studying inhibitors of the contact stages of blood coagulation is described. A number of positively charged substances were shown to inhibit the contact stages. The inhibitory substances include spermine, cytochrome c, ribonuclease, and lysozyme. The inhibitory effect of these substances was neutralized by the addition of an activated plasma thromboplastin antecedent, factor XI, (PTA) fraction. Other positively charged substances including protamine, hexadimethrine, polylysine, polyornithine, methylene blue, and ortho-toluidine blue also inhibited the contact stages of coagulation, but the inhibitory effect on coagulation was not neutralized by the activated PTA fraction. Negatively charged substances such as heparin and insulin did not inhibit the contact stages of coagulation. Cytochrome c inhibited Celite adsorption of a partially purified Hageman factor fraction, and cytochrome, ribonuclease, spermine, and lysozome inhibited the adsorption of Hageman factor from PTA-deficient plasma. Very much smaller quantities of Celite completely adsorbed Hageman factor from the fraction rather than from whole plasma, which suggested the possibility that plasma contains an inhibitor or inhibitors of Hageman factor adsorption. Furthermore cytochrome c, spermine, ribonuclease, and lysozyme inhibited the coagulant activity of the following activators of the Hageman and PTA factors: Celite, kaolin, sodium stearate, ellagic acid, and skin. It is suggested that negatively charged sites on these activators are critical for adsorption and activation and that inhibition results from neutralization of the negatively charged sites by the adsorbed inhibtor. Tests with polylysine polymers indicate that inhibitory activity is directly related to molecular size over the molecular weight range of 4000 to 100,000.
Exercise testing in assessment of hypertension.
Authors: B Leibel, I Kobrin, D Ben-Ishay
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Normal pregnancy in renal transplant recipient with history of eclampsia and intrauterine deathThe only case of eclampsia in a renal transplant recipient was reported in 1979 from this unit.'The patient's subsequent pregnancy was not complicated by hypertension and had a normal outcome, as is reported here. CommentAn illness characterised byweight loss, ill health, hepatosplenomegaly, a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, pancytopenia, low albumin and high globulin concentrations, and a high titre of antinuclear factor occurring in a slow acetylator 18 months after the start of treatment on 11 July
Purification and assay of secretory lithostathine in human pancreatic juice by fast protein liquid chromatography.
Authors: A Mariani, G Mezzi, A Malesci
Journal: Gut (1995)

Impaired secretion of lithostathine, a pancreatic glycoprotein capable of inhibiting the growth of CaCO3 crystals, has been reported in chronic calcifying pancreatitis. Controversial results were obtained, however, using immunoassays with different antibodies. The aim of this study was to purify and to measure juice lithostathine by a non-immunological method. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) on a cation exchange column eluted by a sodium chloride gradient, was used. The conditions appropriate to separate secretory (S) from hydrolysed (H) isoforms of immunopurified lithostathine were also used for juice analysis. Pancreatic juice was collected by endoscopic cannulation of the major pancreatic duct, after secretin stimulation, from eight patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and from eight controls. In all samples, S-isoforms of lithostathine (ranging from 16 to 19 Mr at SDS-PAGE) were the only constituent of two of the 15 peaks in which FPLC resolved the pancreatic proteins. The nature of these two peaks was confirmed by their coelution with immunopurified S-lithostathine and by immunoblot analysis with polyclonal anti-lithostathine antibodies. The ratio between the area of S-lithostathine peaks and the total area of proteic eluates, was always lower in CP patients (5.3 micrograms/mg of protein, median value; 0.2-15.4, range) than in controls (35.2 micrograms/mg; 16.6-55.9). It is concluded that lithostathine can be purified and measured in pancreatic juice by FPLC. Our results with a nonimmunological assay confirm a reduced secretion of lithostathine in patients with CP.
The Sand-Trap Hazard in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Tony Kim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1989The Sand-Trap Hazard in Magnetic Resonance ImagingTony Kim, MD, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, MDTony Kim, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-3-243_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:As the use of magnetic resonance imaging increases, the number of hazards associated with the magnetic field also increases. These hazards range from the erasure of magnetic bank cards (1) to the creation of projectiles from ferromagnetic objects (2,3). The potential hazards are described in most textbooks (4) on magnetic resonance, clinicians are commonly given lists of contraindications to magnetic resonance studies, and technologists and radiologists are alert to the presence of ferromagnetic objects near the scanner. Uncommon ferromagnetic objects, however, may be unrecognized and enter the magnetic field. We report our experience with such an unrecognized...References1. RoizenEngelstadHattner MBR. Gaussian carditis. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:448. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. FowlerTerpenningSyverudLevy JBSR. Magnetic field hazard. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1517. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Pavlicek W. Safeguards help minimize potential MRI hazards. Diagn Imaging. 1985;7:166-9, 250. Google Scholar4. JamesMargulis TA ed. Biomedical Magnetic Resonance. Radiology Research and Educational Foundation; 1984:436. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1989Volume 110, Issue 3Page: 243-244KeywordsMagnetic resonance imagingRadiologists Issue Published: 1 February 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Donald Gavin Jamieson
Authors: M. Anderson, A. Geddes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Donald Gavin Jamieson (“Gavin”) attended Aberdeen Grammar School and from there went to study medicine at Aberdeen University, graduating in 1958.

He trained in general medicine at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and spent three years as a neurology registrar at the Midland Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery at Smethwick in Birmingham. He was then appointed as a senior registrar and lecturer in neurology in Dundee. …
Pancreaticoduodenal and Renal Allotransplantation for Juvenile Diabetic Nephropathy.
Authors: Richard S. Lillehei, Richard L. Simmons, John S. Najarian, F. C. Goetz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Pancreaticoduodenal and Renal Allotransplantation for Juvenile Diabetic Nephropathy.Richard S. Lillehei, M.D., Richard L. Simmons, M.D., John S. Najarian, M.D., F. C. Goetz, M.D.Richard S. Lillehei, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Richard L. Simmons, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John S. Najarian, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. C. Goetz, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-786_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWe have developed a technique of heterotopic pancreaticoduodenal allotransplantation in the dog. Drainage of exocrine secretions of the pancreaticoduodenal graft is into the jejunum of the host, and venous return of the graft is disected into the systemic venous system of the host. Pancreatectomized dogs with such allografts have survived many months if immunosuppressive drugs are given to prevent rejection. With this background we have made pancreaticoduodenal allografts combined with renal allografts in six patients with insulin-dependent, juvenile onset diabetes mellitus with terminal nephropathy. The recipients own pancreas has been left in place. Two such patients have now left the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 786-787KeywordsDiabetes mellitusDrugsImmunosuppressivesInsulinJejunumPancreas Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
HFE C282Y mutations are associated with advanced hepatic fibrosis in Caucasians with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: James E. Nelson, Renuka Bhattacharya, Keith D. Lindor, Naga Chalasani, Stuart Raaka, Jenny E. Heathcote, Emil Miskovsky, Eldon Shaffer, Stephen J. Rulyak, Kris V. Kowdley
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Previous studies examining the relationship between HFE mutations and severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have been limited by small sample size or ascertainment bias. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between HFE mutations and histological severity in a large North American multicenter cohort with NASH. Data from 126 NASH patients were collected from 6 North American centers. Liver biopsy and genotyping for the C282Y and H63D HFE mutations were performed in all subjects. Serum transferrin–iron saturation and ferritin levels as well as hepatic iron content were recorded whenever available. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with advanced hepatic fibrosis. The prevalence of heterozygous C282Y and H63D HFE mutations was 14.3% and 21.4%, respectively, in the overall cohort. Among Caucasians, C282Y heterozygotes were more likely to have bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis (44% versus 21% [ P = 0.05]) and stainable hepatic iron (50% versus 16% [ P = 0.011]) compared with patients with other genotypes. Diabetes mellitus was the only independent predictor of advanced hepatic fibrosis (OR 4.37, 95% CI 1.41-13.54 [ P = 0.010]) using multiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and HFE genotype status. Conclusion: The HFE C282Y heterozygous mutation is associated with advanced fibrosis among Caucasians with NASH. Additional studies are warranted to examine the possible mechanisms for this relationship. (Hepatology 2007.)
Seborrhoeic eczema—a disease entity or a clinical variant of atopic eczema?
Authors: P. PODMORE, D. BURROWS, D.J. EEDY, C.F. STANDFORD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

One hundred and thirty-eight children seen at the Dermatology Clinic between 1969 and 1972 were reviewed. The study comprised two groups—a study group of 76 children diagnosed as having seborrhoeic eczema, and a group of 62 children seen over the same time period at the same clinic and diagnosed as having atopic eczema. The children were examined and a family history obtained with particular reference to past or present history of atopic diseases. Serum IgE, blood eosinophil count, pulmonary function tests and skin prick testing to various allergens were measured in the two groups. In the seborrhoeic group, 19% had eczema, 20% had abnormal pulmonary function clinically; 25% had a raised eosinophil count, 44% a raised IgE level, 89% positive skin prick testing, and 52% a peak flow less than 80% of predicted value. These results indicate a closer than expected association between infantile seborrhoeic eczema and atopic disease.
Mediastinal Emphysema and Its Occurrence in Artificial Pneumoperitoneum
Authors: C. S. Breathnach
Journal: Thorax (1955)

Air may enter the mediastinal fascial planes either by accident or design.The term " pneumomediastinum" should be reserved for the Continental practice of insufflation of air into the mediastinum in contrast radiography (Bariety, Coury, Mathe, and Abdlanet, 1953).The acci- dental extravasation of air into the mediastinum, or " mediastinal emphysema," is described in this paper, which includes a report of three cases of this condition complicating artificial pneumoperitoneum, and its anatomical basis is reviewed.Jehn and Nissen (1927) described the first case of mediastinal emphysema complicating artificial pneumoperitoneum, and important contributions to our understanding of the condition were made by Hamman (1934,
<i>Self-portrait</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2013)

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