tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lung distensibility and airway function in intermediate alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (Pi MZ).
Authors: S F Tattersall, R P Pereira, D Hunter, G Blundell, N B Pride
Journal: Thorax (1979)

We examined the role of intermediate alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in predisposing to abnormalities of lung distensibility and airway function in 20 heterozygotes (Pi MZ) who were individually matched with a control Pi M subject of similar age, height, and smoking habits drawn from the same male, working population. There were no significant differences between the heterozygotes and their controls in the results of spirometry, maximum expiratory flow-volume curves (breathing air), single breath nitrogen test, arterialised capillary blood oxygen pressure, or single breath carbon monoxide transfer. Additional studies were made in 12 of the pairs of Pi MZ and Pi M subjects. Comparison of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves breathing air and 80% helium-20% oxygen showed no differences between the Pi MZ and Pi M subjects. Although airway function was similar in the two groups, four of 12 Pi MZ subjects showed abnormalities of the pressure-volume curve of the lung (reduction in lung recoil pressure, abnormal shape factor, increase in functional residual capacity). Abnormalities of washout of a helium-sulphur hexafluoride gas mixture, of a type previously described as characteristic of emphysema, were found in two of the men with abnormal pressure-volume curves. The results suggest that Pi MZ subjects have an increased susceptibility to alveolar abnormalities without increased abnormalities of airway function; this may explain the increased frequency of emphysema at necropsy despite many studies showing no predisposition to abnormal airway function in life. The functional changes we observed would be unlikely to cause symptoms. The risk of disablement from chronic lung disease appears to be only slightly enhanced by intermediate alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
Variability in Diagnostic Evaluation and Criteria for Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Caren G Solomon, Walter C Willett, Janet Rich-Edwards, David J Hunter, Meir J Stampfer, Graham A Colditz, Joann E Manson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among a population receiving regular prenatal care and to assess the extent to which National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria for the diagnosis of GDM are used by practicing obstetricians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied participants in the Nurses' Health Study II, a large prospective cohort study of 116,678 nurses aged 25–42 years in 1989. A total of 422 women who reported a first diagnosis of GDM between 1989 and 1991 were sent supplementary questionnaires regarding diagnosis and treatment, and medical records were requested for a subset of 120 to validate self-reported GDM and assess criteria used for diagnosis. A sample of 100 women who reported a pregnancy not complicated by GDM were sent questionnaires addressing GDM screening and prenatal care. RESULTS Among a sample of 93 women who reported a pregnancy not complicated by GDM and responded to the supplementary questionnaire, 16 (17%) reported no glucose loading test; 69% of unscreened women had one or more risk factors for GDM. Among a sample of 114 women who self-reported GDM in a singleton pregnancy and whose medical records were available for review, a physician diagnosis of GDM was confirmed in 107 (94%). Records and supplementary questionnaires indicated that oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed in 96 (86%) of these women. Of women with a physician diagnosis of GDM whose OGTT results were available, 25% failed to meet NDDG criteria for this diagnosis, although all had evidence of abnormal glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Screening for GDM is not universal, even among a group of health professionals in whom screening prevalence is likely to be higher than in the general population. Diagnostic criteria for GDM among obstetricians in practice remain nonstandard despite NDDG recommendations. Better understanding of the implications of differing degrees of glucose intolerance and of varying GDM screening and management strategies is required to make policy recommendations for appropriate and cost-effective care.
Endoscopy in Basic Research
Authors: L. Demling
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

Gastroenterological endoscopy has stimulated research in a number of ways. New optical developments culminating in the glass fibre and the video endoscope, were necessary stages in the construction of highly sophisticated instruments. These advanced instruments made research possible and also stimulated it. Quite a few methods were made applicable to the gastrointestinal tract only with the aid of endoscopes. For this purpose, they first had to be carefully studied and then modified. Here, mention might be made of the taking of biopsies for histological work-up, X-ray procedures, diagnostic ultrasound, Doppler ultrasonography, operative endoscopy and laser beams. Developments have ensured that endoscopy did not remain restricted merely to its role as an optical diagnostic procedure capable only of visualizing the surfaces of internal organs. In numerous areas, operative endoscopy has now replaced the classical surgical procedure, and further developments may be expected in this field.
Surfactant Laxatives and Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Carlos A. Dujovne, Don W. Shoeman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1973Surfactant Laxatives and HepatotoxicityCARLOS A. DUJOVNE, M.D., DON W. SHOEMAN, PH.D.CARLOS A. DUJOVNE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DON W. SHOEMAN, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-1-137_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the article by Drs. Deisseroth, Morganroth, and Winokur on "Quinidine-Induced Liver Disease" (Ann Intern Med77:595-597, 1972) and their reply in the March issue (p. 460) to the pertinent suggestions by Dr. Winkler. In answer to their comments: [1] the statement that ". . . significant absorption of dioctyl calcium sulfosuccinate is not known to take place . . ." is valid only when supported by experimental results, but the authors have not quoted any. We have already shown that previous assumptions of nonabsorbability of two other surfactant drugs, sodium lauryl sulfate (1)...References1. DUJOVNESHOEMANBIANCHINE CDJ: Experimental bases for the different hepatotoxicity of erythromycin preparations in man. J Lab Clin Med 79:832-844, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. DUJOVNESHOEMAN CD: Toxicity of a hepatotoxic laxative preparation in tissue culture and excretion in bile in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13:602-608, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1973Volume 79, Issue 1Page: 137-138KeywordsCalciumDrugsLiver diseasesSodiumSulfates Issue Published: 1 July 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Targeting the Allergen to Dendritic Cells with Mucoadhesive Formulations Enhances Tolerance Induction Via the Sublingual Route
Authors: P MOINGEON, L VANOVERTVELT, N SAINTLU, V LOMBARDI, A RAZAFINDRATSITA, L MASCARELL, N BERJONT, D BETBEDER
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Radiation epidemiology: old and new challenges.
Authors: R E Shore
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Over the last 40 years the amount of knowledge about human radiation effects has increased dramatically. During that interval, radiation epidemiologists have documented a number of additional types of radiation-induced cancer and have established rough estimates of the magnitude of cancer risks. Nevertheless, we currently have inadequate knowledge about a number of factors that help define the magnitude of radiation risks. These include questions of estimating risk over the lifetime, shapes of dose-effect curves, magnitude of risks at low doses, potentiation between radiation and other agents, and the nature and role of host susceptibility factors. Data from various studies are used to illustrate these questions.
Establishment and characterization of a spontaneously immortalized myofibroblast cell line derived from a human liver angiosarcoma
Authors: Sandra Boivin-Angele, Sandrine Pedron, Suzanne Bertrand, Alexis Desmouliere, Ghyslaine Martel-Planche, Lydie Lefrançois, Brigitte Bancel, Christian Trépo, Marie-Jeanne Marion
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
The Thin Line Between Hope and Hype in Biomarker Research
Authors: Patrick M. M. Bossuyt
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Address ON STAGNATION OF FOOD IN THE STOMACH: Delivered before the Medical Society of Hamilton, Ontario
Authors: A. McPhedran
Journal: BMJ (1906)

I&emorrhage froin the -bowel, and a very low temperature witf etreme collapse and colic.An abdominal sectioii, lhowever, eveni if undertaken in mistake, gives the patient hiis only chance in this as in obstruction.The bowel supplied by the thrombosed vessel almost invariably beconies gangrenous, and a resection of the loop supplied by the thrombosed vessel gives the patient hlis only chance, thougl it is a very i'mote one.
Management of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage in Early Infancy
Authors: WELTON M. GERSONY, FREDERICK O. BOWMAN, CARL N. STEEG, CONSTANCE J. HAYES, MARY JANE JESSE, JAMES R. MALM
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Ten consecutive babies ranging in age from two weeks to five months, with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and pulmonary artery hypertension, have undergone surgical correction. Seven have survived, including five of six with supracardiac type and two of three with pulmonary venous drainage to the coronary sinus. Six of the last seven operations have been successful, and there have been no late deaths in the series. Factors considered to be important in successful management include: (1) early cardiac catheterization and surgical intervention; (2) high-flow buffered blood perfusion at normothermia; (3) surgical technique aimed at wider common pulmonary vein-left atrial anastomosis; (4) use of indwelling nasotracheal tube with respiratory support for the initial 24 to 48 hours postoperatively; (5) restricted fluid administration in the early postsurgical period; and (6) detailed attention to acid-base balance.
THE VALUE OF PEROXIDE OF HYDROGEN IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC GONORRHœA, ILLUSTRATED BY A CASE.
Authors: WILLIAM ROBERTS
Journal: JAMA (1892)

eye be qualified as well as those who prescribe for other conditions of this organ?Are these matters to be so lightly considered when asthenopia with its many neuralgic accompaniments,many inflammatory conditions, and the different forms of strabismus are the frequent results of errors of refraction?Is it not reasonable,, from every stand point, to say that this business belongs to the oculist who, alone, can be prepared to comprehend and intelligently meet all the requirements?I can not better close this article than by making a quotation from the optical catalogue of James W.Queen & Co., of Philadelphia, under the heading of " How to Get Glasses."This is one of the most reliable optical manufacturing houses in America.I
Identification of Luminal Breast Cancers That Establish a Tumor-Supportive Macroenvironment Defined by Proangiogenic Platelets and Bone Marrow–Derived Cells
Authors: Hanna S. Kuznetsov, Timothy Marsh, Beth A. Markens, Zafira Castaño, April Greene-Colozzi, Samantha A. Hay, Victoria E. Brown, Andrea L. Richardson, Sabina Signoretti, Elisabeth M. Battinelli, Sandra S. McAllister
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

Breast cancer recurrence rates vary following treatment, suggesting that tumor cells disseminate early from primary sites but remain indolent indefinitely before progressing to symptomatic disease. The reasons why some indolent disseminated tumors erupt into overt disease are unknown. We discovered a novel process by which certain luminal breast cancer (LBC) cells and patient tumor specimens (LBC "instigators") establish a systemic macroenvironment that supports outgrowth of otherwise-indolent disseminated tumors ("responders"). Instigating LBCs secrete cytokines that are absorbed by platelets, which are recruited to responding tumor sites where they aid vessel formation. Instigator-activated bone marrow cells enrich responding tumor cell expression of CD24, an adhesion molecule for platelets, and provide a source of VEGF receptor 2(+) tumor vessel cells. This cascade results in growth of responder adenocarcinomas and is abolished when platelet activation is inhibited by aspirin. These findings highlight the macroenvironment as an important component of disease progression that can be exploited therapeutically.Currently, processes that mediate progression of otherwise indolent tumors are not well understood, making it difficult to accurately predict which cancer patients are likely to relapse. Our findings highlight the macroenvironment as an important component of disease progression that can be exploited to more accurately identify patients who would benefit from adjuvant therapy.
Bilateral Renocortical Necrosis with Recovery
Authors: Nancy G. Boucot, Warren R. Guild, John P. Merrill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

BECAUSE the diagnosis of bilateral cortical necrosis cannot be established without pathological sections of the kidney, it cannot be made definitively in patients surviving episodes of anuria without renal biopsies.Three cases have previously been reported. The case presented below is the fourth proved by microscopical examination of the kidney and followed by survival. In 1927 Crook1 described a twenty-nine-year-old post-partum woman who recovered from anuria secondary to cortical necrosis proved by a biopsy taken at the time of decapsulation of the kidneys. In 1955 Gormsen et al.2 noted the second case of cortical necrosis, proved by a needle biopsy, . . .
Phenformin-Associated Pancreatitis
Authors: HERBERT S. CHASE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Although phenformin has been previously reported to be associated with acute pancreatitis, little emphasis of this association has been made in the literature. We report the case of a 70-year-old diabetic man who developed acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis and severe lactic acidosis while taking phenformin. The patient was not taking any other medications, nor did he have any of the known metabolic conditions associated with pancreatitis. We review the four previously published cases of patients who developed acute pancreatitis while taking phenformin. Three of those patients also developed lactic acidosis, a well-known complication of phenformin therapy. Although phenformin has been reported to increase the serum amylase activity and to alter the content of the pancreatic secretions in response to various stimuli, the manner in which the drug might cause acute pancreatitis remains completely unknown.
Therapist Affect Focus and Patient Outcomes in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Marc J. Diener, Mark J. Hilsenroth, Joel Weinberger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The authors systematically examined the relationship between therapist facilitation of patient emotional experience/expression and outcome in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Method: Computer and manual searches were conducted for relevant publications, and 10 independent samples of short-term dynamic psychotherapy were included in a meta-analysis. Data analysis included calculation of an overall effect size of the relationship between therapist affect focus and outcome, statistical significance, and test for homogeneity. In addition, moderator analyses were conducted to examine the potential impact of type of outcome construct used and the methodological quality of individual studies. Results: The overall average weighted effect size across all outcome types was statistically significant (r=0.30), and the homogeneity statistic was nonsignificant. Moderator analyses indicated a statistically significant relationship between therapist facilitation of patient emotional experience/expression and outcome when more than one outcome construct was included but not when either a single or an unclear outcome construct was used. There were no significant relationships between methodological quality and the size of the effects, although use of audio- or videotaping for supervision demonstrated a moderate effect. Conclusions: These data indicate that therapist facilitation of patient affective experience/expression is associated with patient improvement over the course of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Although the size of this relationship was not significantly related to methodological quality, results suggest the importance of close supervision of actual techniques through the use of audio- or videotapes. Additionally, results highlight the importance of defining outcome in a multidimensional way to properly assess theoretically relevant effects.
Structured Abstracts: Still More
Authors: Hemant Kulkarni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 April 1996Structured Abstracts: Still MoreHemant Kulkarni, MDHemant Kulkarni, MDAjni Doctors' Colony; Ajni, Nagpur, IndiaAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-7-199604010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:1 July 1995 marked 5 years since Haynes and colleagues' explicit recommendations on structured abstracts first appeared [1]. These recommendations were later approved, supported, and endorsed [2]. The scientific community has accepted the recommendations in principle, but it remains to be seen whether the principle was put into practice and, if so, to what extent.I searched the MEDLINE database for clinical trials appearing in English-language clinical journals published since 1 July 1990. The structured abstracts fit into one of the five following formats: format 1: Objective/Purpose, Design, Setting, Participants/Subjects/Patients, Interventions, Main Outcome Measures/Measurements, Results, and Conclusions; ...References1. Haynes RB, Murlow CD, Huth EJ, Altman DG, Gardner MJ. More informative abstracts revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1990; 113:69-76. Google Scholar2. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. JAMA. 1993; 269:2282-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Hemant Kulkarni, MDAffiliations: Ajni Doctors' Colony; Ajni, Nagpur, India PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byComparing data accuracy between structured abstracts and full-text journal articles: implications in their use for informing clinical decisionsQuality of abstracts in articles submitted to a scholarly journal: A mixed methods case study of the journal Research in the SchoolsAcceptance of Structured Abstracts by Medical Investigators : An Questionnaire SurveyAre the abstracts on clinical trials in the non-English language papers structured?Percentages of Reports of Clinical Trials, Written in Seven Non-English Languages, that have Structured AbstractsNew medical information sources and services for evidence-based medicineThe unstable medical research paper 1 April 1996Volume 124, Issue 7Page: 695-696KeywordsClinical trial reportingClinical trialsDatabasesEvidence based medicineStatistical distributions ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effect of Inspiratory Flow Rate on Respiratory Sensation and Pattern of Breathing
Authors: Harold L. Manning, Eduardo J. Molinary, James C. Leiter
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We examined the effect of inspiratory flow rate (IFR) on respiratory sensation during mechanical ventilation in 10 normal subjects. We adjusted the ventilator tidal volume (VT), frequency, and IFR until subjects indicated that they were maximally comfortable ("comfort IFR"). Subjects then rated breathing discomfort on a visual analog scale (VAS) while IFR was varied among four levels: 70%, 100%, 200%, and 300% of the comfort IFR. When compared with VAS ratings at the comfort IFR (4.4 +/- 1.2, mean +/- SEM), VAS ratings were significantly greater at the lowest (i.e., 70% comfort; 12.1 +/- 2.1) and highest (300% comfort; 8.2 +/- 0.9) IFR; there was no difference in ratings between the comfort IFR and 200% comfort IFR. At the lowest IFR, the breathing discomfort arose in the chest and had an air hunger-like quality; at high IFR, the discomfort arose in the upper airway. In the second portion of the study, subjects used open magnitude estimation to rate breaths of five different sizes at three different IFR (70%, 100%, and 200% of comfort rate). Neither the exponent nor intercept for VT perception differed among the three IFR. Our results demonstrate that although IFR does not alter magnitude estimation of breath size, deviations of IFR from that desired by the subject may greatly affect respiratory comfort.
PURIFICATION OF AN INFLUENZA VIRUS SUBSTRATE, AND DEMONSTRATION OF ITS COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISM TO APPLE PECTIN
Authors: D. W. Woolley
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

A substance was demonstrated in erythrocytes which antagonized the inhibiting effect of apple pectin on influenza virus hemagglutination. This substance was purified and found to be a water-soluble material, rather labile, and with some properties which suggested that it contained a polysaccharide. It was destroyed in vitro by highly purified preparations of the virus. It occurred in greatest amount in human erythrocytes and to a lesser extent in the red cells of species not susceptible to the virus. It was also found in normal rabbit serum. Calcium ions were found to be essential to the action of apple pectin in causing inhibition of virus hemagglutination. A second substance was purified from an alkaline extract of erythrocytes, and shown likewise to have an effect antagonistic to that of pectin. However, this latter material was not destroyed by the virus, and seemed to owe its effect to the binding of calcium ions.
Association among cigarette smoking, metabolic syndrome, and its individual components: the metabolic syndrome study in Taiwan
Authors: Ching-Chu Chen, Tsai-Chung Li, Pei-Chia Chang, Chiu-Shong Liu, Wen-Yuan Lin, Ming-Tsang Wu, Chia-Ing Li, Ming-May Lai, Cheng-Chieh Lin
Journal: Metabolism (2008)