tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Cell-penetrating Peptide Suppresses Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Yu Fu Wang, Xiang Xu, Xia Fan, Chun Zhang, Qiang Wei, Xi Wang, Wei Guo, Wei Xing, Jian Yu, Jing-Long Yan, Hua-Ping Liang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a central regulator of immune response and a potential target for developing anti-inflammatory agents. Mechanistic studies suggest that compounds that directly inhibit NF-κB DNA binding may block inflammation and the associated tissue damage. Thus, we attempted to discover peptides that could interfere with NF-κB signaling based on a highly conserved DNA-binding domain found in all NF-κB members. One such small peptide, designated as anti-inflammatory peptide-6 (AIP6), was characterized in the current study. AIP6 directly interacted with p65 and displayed an intrinsic cell-penetrating property. This peptide demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, AIP6 inhibited the DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of the p65 NF-κB subunit as well as the production of inflammatory mediators in macrophages upon stimulation. Local administration of AIP6 significantly inhibited inflammation induced by zymosan in mice. Collectively, our results suggest that AIP6 is a promising lead peptide for the development of specific NF-κB inhibitors as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a central regulator of immune response and a potential target for developing anti-inflammatory agents. Mechanistic studies suggest that compounds that directly inhibit NF-κB DNA binding may block inflammation and the associated tissue damage. Thus, we attempted to discover peptides that could interfere with NF-κB signaling based on a highly conserved DNA-binding domain found in all NF-κB members. One such small peptide, designated as anti-inflammatory peptide-6 (AIP6), was characterized in the current study. AIP6 directly interacted with p65 and displayed an intrinsic cell-penetrating property. This peptide demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, AIP6 inhibited the DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of the p65 NF-κB subunit as well as the production of inflammatory mediators in macrophages upon stimulation. Local administration of AIP6 significantly inhibited inflammation induced by zymosan in mice. Collectively, our results suggest that AIP6 is a promising lead peptide for the development of specific NF-κB inhibitors as potential anti-inflammatory agents.
Stomach Cancer in Iceland
Authors: H. H. Neumann
Journal: JAMA (1962)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— In the Nov. 25, 1961, issue of The Journal (178:789), there appeared an interesting article by Dr. Niels Dungal on the prevalence of stomach cancer in Iceland, where the distribution of stomach cancer is correlated with the consumption of smoked fish.After observing the prevalence of stomach cancer in areas where the smoking of food, as a method of preservation, is customary, one may wonder whether the steady decline in the incidence of stomach cancer in the United States, during this century, has not been due to a gradual change in the customary method of preserving fish and meat, from smoking to refrigeration.
Job insecurity contributes to poor health
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

How do we create jobs that don’t do more harm than good?



We’ve known for some time of the unhealthy impacts of insecurity in work, thanks to those who study the social determinants of health. Britain’s famous studies of civil servants showed that losing job security harms health, and chronic insecurity is even more dangerous.1 More recently, a study across 16 European countries confirmed the association, finding that the “public health impact of job insecurity is likely to be substantial.”2 As nations continue to wrestle with mass unemployment and search for ways to boost jobs, this evidence becomes ever more salient.

“Insecurity is one of the big issues for the contemporary economy,” argues the Australian National University associate professor Lyndall Strazdins. “Some jobs are corrosive to health,” she told the BMJ recently, “and insecurity is part of that.” Strazdins is involved with a team of antipodean researchers who’ve helped produce the growing body of evidence on the connection between poor quality work and poor health.

In 2003 the team published a study of …
Photosensitizers in Soaps
Authors: James F. Molloy
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Stephan Epstein's contribution, "Photoallergic Contact Dermatitis" (<b>194</b>:1016, 1965) establishes the photosensitizing properties of Lifebuoy soap. A similar study has been conducted in the Louisville, Ky, area, with different conclusions regarding the photosensitizing agent in the soap. There are three different Lifebuoys: white, green, and coral. The chemical ingredients in these soaps are not the same. White Lifebuoy contains 3,4′,5 tribromosalicylanilide ( tribromsalan). Green Lifebuoy contains 4′,5 dibromosalicylanilide (dibromsalan), as well as tribromsalan, and, presumably, coral Lifebuoy is similar to the green. Over a dozen cases of photodermatitis suspected of being due to Lifebuoy have been seen in the Louisville area, beginning less than a month after the product was introduced into the region. Five of these cases have been proven by photopatch testing techniques to be due to the soap. All five of the patients in the established cases were users of green Lifebuoy soap, not
TCT-346 Clinical Impact of Five-month Follow-up Glycosylated Hemoglobin on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Diabetic Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Jinhee Ahn, Kwang Soo Cha, Jeong Cheon Choi, Jung Hyun Choi, Jong Hyun Choi, Taek Jong Hong, Hye Yoon Jang, Han Cheol Lee, Jun-Hyok Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Outbreak of Febrile Pharyngitis and Conjunctivitis Associated with Type 3 Adenoidal-Pharyngeal-Conjunctival Virus Infection
Authors: Robert H. Parrott, Wallace P. Rowe, Robert J. Huebner, Horace W. Bernton, Norman B. McCullough
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

ON February 11, 1954, a two-year-old girl with acute febrile rhinitis, pharyngitis and conjunctivitis was admitted to the Infectious and Parasitic Disease Service of the Clinical Center at the National Institutes of Health, as a subject in the clinical and etiologic study of acute respiratory illnesses. During her admission examination she coughed in the face of the attending pediatrician, in whom, six days later, mild rhinitis, pharyngitis and unilateral conjunctivitis developed. Eight days after the admission of this child, the pediatric nurse who attended her and a seven-year-old girl who occupied the other bed in her hospital room also manifested . . .
False-Positive Gram Stains of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: DANIEL M. MUSHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 October 1973False-Positive Gram Stains of Cerebrospinal FluidDANIEL M. MUSHER, M.D., RONALD F. SCHELL, PH.D.DANIEL M. MUSHER, M.D., RONALD F. SCHELL, PH.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-4-603 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Interpretation of the Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis frequently determines the initial choice of antibiotics. Even when properly done, a Gram stain may give misleading information of two kinds: [1] it may not show bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with documented bacterial meningitis (false-negative); or [2] it may show microorganisms that were not in the cerebrospinal fluid—these "false-positives" have received less attention in the clinical literature. Table 1 summarizes data on four cases of meningitis in which a false-positive Gram stain caused confusion early in treatment. We also report observations on the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Infectious Disease Section Veterans Administration Hospital Houston, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Spinal Tap: A New Look at an Old TestKEITH I. MARTON, M.D., ALISA D. GEAN, M.D. 1 October 1973Volume 79, Issue 4Page: 603-604KeywordsCerebrospinal fluid Issue Published: 1 October 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bone marrow transplantation only partially restores purine metabolites to normal in adenosine deaminase-deficient patients.
Authors: R Hirschhorn, V Roegner-Maniscalco, L Kuritsky, F S Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To delineate the extent to which bone marrow transplantation provides "enzyme replacement therapy", we have determined metabolite concentrations in two patients with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency treated with bone marrow transplants and rendered immunologically normal. 10 yr after engraftment of lymphoid cells, erythrocyte deoxy ATP was markedly decreased compared to the marked elevations of deoxy ATP observed in untreated patients, but was still significantly elevated (62 and 90 vs. normal of 6.0 +/- 6.0 nmol/ml packed erythrocytes). Similarly, deoxyadenosine and adenosine excretion were both markedly diminished compared to that of untreated patients but deoxyadenosine excretion was still clearly increased (20.1 and 38.6 vs. normal of less than 0.2 nmol/mg creatinine) while adenosine excretion was in the upper range of normal (7.0 and 8.1 vs. normal of 5.6 +/- 3.6 nmol/mg creatinine). Mononuclear cell deoxy ATP content was also elevated compared to normal (5.25 and 14.4 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.3). Separated mononuclear cells of bone marrow transplanted patients contain both donor lymphocytes and recipient monocytes. When mononuclear cells were depleted of the cells enriched for donor lymphocytes (i.e. monocyte depleted) was lower than that of the mixed mononuclear cells (2.2 vs. 5.26). Surprisingly, plasma adenosine was as high as in untreated ADA-deficient patients (3.2 and 1.5 vs. untreated of 0.3-3 microM). Consistent with the elevated plasma adenosine and urinary deoxyadenosine, erythrocyte S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase activity was diminished (0.88 and 1.02 vs. normal of 5.64 +/- 0.25). Thus, bone marrow transplantation of ADA-deficient patients not only provides lymphoid stem cells, but also partially, albeit incompletely, clears abnormally increased metabolites from nonlymphoid body compartments.
Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia with a Central and Peripheral Carcinoid and Multiple Tumorlets: A Case Report Emphasizing the Role of Neuropeptide Hormones and Human Gonadotropin-Alpha
Authors: Hanako Oba, Kazunori Nishida, Shingo Takeuchi, Hirohiko Akiyama, Koji Muramatsu, Masafumi Kurosumi, Toru Kameya
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2013)
Variability in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Richard J. Bonforte
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  All of us who care for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are well aware of the varying degrees of clinical involvement they have. Indeed, over the past several years our concept of this disease has broadened considerably. No longer do we think of it solely as a pulmonary or a gastrointestinal illness. In actuality it is a systemic disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction. The recent article by Stern et al, Intermediate-Range Sweat Chloride Concentration and Pseudomonas Bronchitis (239:2676, 1978), presents well-documented clinical material that strongly suggests a genetic basis for what might be called a variant of CF.  The authors' patients all have pulmonary lesions classically associated with  but without any pancreatic lesions. More important, sweat chloride concentrations were intermediate between the normal and typical CF range. It has long been known that whereas most patients have pulmonary involvement of one degree or another, approximately
Impaired immunoglobulin synthesis in multiple myeloma: A B‐cell dysfunction
Authors: A. Carter, I. Silvian, I. Tatarsky, G. Spira
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Peripheral blood samples collected from normal individuals and patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma were separated and assayed for their T- and B-cell subpopulations as well as immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM) synthesis in vitro. To rule out any functional or quantitative alterations related to therapy, only newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and subjects with benign monoclonal gammopathy were included in our study. Multiple myeloma patients were further subdivided into two groups. Group A consisted of patients with low and intermediate tumor burdens, while group B included patients with high tumor mass. B- and T-cell subset analysis revealed an abnormal ratio between B/T and OKT4+/OKT8+ lymphocytes compared to healthy controls. These alterations were especially prominent in group B multiple myeloma. Immunoglobulin synthesis was studied in pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. The results indicate that the failure to synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin resides within the B-cell lineage and is probably due to a functional B-cell defect. T-cell immunoregulatory functions seem to be unaffected in both multiple myleoma and benign monoclonal gammopathy patients.
Detection of residual myocardial function in acute transmural infarction using postextrasystolic potentiation. A computerized angiographic study.
Authors: I Azancot, P Beaufils, C Masquet, G Georgiopoulos, D Babalis, P Lorente, Y Baudouy, R Slama, Y Bouvrain
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Twelve subjects without clinical or hemodynamic heart failure, admitted for a first untreated anterior transmural myocardial infarction, were evaluated within the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Pulmonary angiography was performed while a right ventricular extrastimulus was delivered every fourth beat at 50% of the RR interval to systematically analyze the basal and the postextrasystolic left ventricular frames. Left ventriculograms were quantitatively processed to determine the ejection fraction (EF) and the percentage of the end-diastolic circumference showing hypokinetic (%HK) or akinetic (%AK) areas. Left ventricular angiography was performed 1 month later in all cases at the same paced atrial heart rate to compare this final angiogram to the basal and the electrically induced postextrasystolic initial beats. During the 1-month period of the study none of these subjects had complications such as recurrent chest pain, heart failure or rhythm disturbances, and no drug administration was necessary. Comparing the basal cycle of the initial angiogram and the final cycle, a poor correlation was found between the corresponding values of EF (r = 0.34), %HK (r = 0.38) and %AK (r = 0.48). The correlations were much better when a comparison was made between the postextrasystolic cycle of the initial angiogram and the final cycle (EF, r = 0.84; %HK, r = 0.96; %AK, r = 0.95). These results indicate that, from the first day after a TMI, the analysis of the postextrasystolic frame allows accurate estimation of the final left ventricular function and regional wall motion abnormalities. Postextrasystolic potentiation may be useful in the acute state of transmural infarction to discriminate potentially reversible ischemic from definitely jeopardized areas.
Cytopathology of the nasal mucosa in chronic exposure to diesel engine emission: a five-year survey of Swiss customs officers.
Authors: Ulrich Glück, Rudolf Schütz, Jan-Olaf Gebbers
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The simple and cheap technique of nasal cytology was used to assess possible adverse effects of chronic exposure to diesel engine emission (DEE) on respiratory mucous membranes. Brush cytology probes were taken from the noses of 194 male, nonsmoking customs officers twice a year (January and July) over a period of 5 years. The study group of 136 officers was solely occupied with clearing of diesel trucks (8.4 hr/day, 42 hr/week). Measured DEE concentrations varied between 31 and 60 microg/m3) and of benzo[a]pyrene concentrations were between 10 and 15 ng/m3). The control group of 58 officers worked only in the office. Over the 5-year period, similar results were obtained in summer and winter. In contrast to those not exposed to DEE, those who were had clear goblet cell hyperplasia with increased metaplastic and dysplastic epithelia and an increase in leukocytes. We found no evidence of progression of the cytopathologic changes. The findings may be described as a chronic inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane in the presence of chronic DEE exposure (chemical-induced rhinitis). Additionally, the findings of metaplastic and dysplastic nasal epithelia in the exposed subjects may indicate a genotoxic effect of chronic DEE exposure in humans.
Serum digitoxin concentrations in infants and children.
Authors: A C Giardina, K H Ehlers, J B Morrison, M A Engle
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Serum digitoxin levels were measured in 18 infants (under two years) and in 23 children (aged 2-13 years) receiving maintenance therapy. Digitalization was carried out because of heart failure in 17 infants and 13 children and for control of dysrhythmia in one infant and 10 children. Mean maintenance dosage for infants was 0.0042 plus or minus 0.0008 (sd) mg/kg/day and for children was 0.0031 plus or minus 0.0012 mg/kg/day. The mean serum digitoxin level was not significantly different in infants (30 plus or minus 10 ng/ml, range 14-58) from that found for children (34 plus or minus 11 ng/ml, range 19-61). Both values were significantly different (P smaller than 0.001) from those determined in this laboratory for adults (mean 24 plus or minus 7 ng/ml, range 5-39). In four infants with electrocardiographic or other evidence of toxicity, the mean serum level was 71 plus or minus 2 ng/ml (range 68-72), and in four children with electrocardiographic or other evidence of toxicity, the mean serum level for digitoxin was 72 plus or minus 14 ng/ml (range 53-84). The data suggest that infants and children tolerate a higher serum digitoxin concentration without any evidence of toxicity and may require more digitoxin (mg/kg) for therapeutic effect than do adults. Serum digitoxin levels may serve as an important guide in determining the adequacy of digitalization and in the recognition and management of digitalis toxicity.
520 LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INITIATES A POSITIVE FEEDBACK OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR SIGNALING BY PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IN HUMAN BILIARY CARCINOMA CELLS
Authors: L. Finzi, M.X.G. Shao, F. Paye, C. Housset, J.A. Nadel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Reactions to Ellipticinium Acetate
Authors: ADRIAN L. HARRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1981Reactions to Ellipticinium AcetateADRIAN L. HARRIS, B.SC. D.PHIL., DAVID SPENCE, B.SC.ADRIAN L. HARRIS, B.SC. D.PHIL.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID SPENCE, B.SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-1-125_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Weiss and Bruno's excellent review (1) does not mention hypersensitivity reactions to ellipticinium acetate (2 TV methyl 9-hydroxy ellipticinium acetate). This drug is undergoing phase II studies (Second NCI-EORTC Symposium on New Drugs in Cancer Therapy, Institute Jules Bordet, Brussels, 1979) and has an interesting spectrum of activity against tumours, including sarcomas, hypernephroma, and carcinoma of the breast (Second NCI-EORTC Symposium; [2]).About 30% of patients receiving this drug develop specific IgM antibodies, mainly recognising the 9 hydroxy group (3). Five cases of intravascular haemolysis have been reported, and in one the patient had reversible renal failure,...References1. WEISS R and BRUNO S. Hypersensitivity reactions to cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:66-72. LinkGoogle Scholar2. JURET P, TANGUY A, and GIRARD A. Preliminary trial of 9-hydroxy-2-methyl ellipticinium (NSC 264-137) in advanced human cancers. Eur J Cancer. 1979;14:205-6. Letter. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. CRIEL A, HIDAJAT M, CLARYSSE A, and VERWILGHEN R. Drug dependent red cell antibodies and intravascular haemolysis occurring in patients treated with 9 hydroxy-methyl-ellipticinium. Br J Haematol. 1980;46:549-56. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ADRIAN L. HARRIS, B.SC. D.PHIL.; DAVID SPENCE, B.SC.Affiliations: The Royal Marsden Hospital London, England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEllipticinesMetabolism of the antitumor drug N2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate in isolated rat kidney cellsChapter 1 Antitumor Alkaloids 1 July 1981Volume 95, Issue 1Page: 125-125KeywordsAntibodiesDrug therapyDrugsHypersensitivityRenal failureSarcoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Proton-Pump Inhibition of Gastric Chloride Secretion in Congenital Chloridorrhea
Authors: Berendt W. Aichbichler, Charles H. Zerr, Carol A. Santa Ana, Jack L. Porter, John S. Fordtran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

In 1945 Gamble et al.1 and Darrow2 reported on two infants with severe congenital diarrhea, in back-to-back articles with identical titles. Both infants had very high stool chloride concentrations, low urinary chloride excretion, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypokalemia. Gamble et al. concluded that the disease was caused by abnormal secretion of chloride into the intestine, and they named it congenital alkalosis with diarrhea. Darrow believed that the primary defect was intestinal chloride malabsorption, but he gave much of the credit for characterizing the disorder to Gamble et al. and used the name they had chosen. Subsequent studies supported Darrow's belief . . .
The role of the adrenals in copper deficiency
Authors: Meira Fields, Charles G. Lewis, Mark D. Lure
Journal: Metabolism (1991)

The present study was undertaken in order to establish whether (1) a decrease in catecholamines will prevent the heart hypertrophy of copper deficient rats fed fructose, and (2) an increase in hepatic copper concentration will ameliorate the signs associated with copper deficiency when fructose-based diets are consumed. Adrenalectomy resulted in reduced plasma glucocorticoids and a threefold increase in hepatic copper concentration. The signs associated with the deficiency were not ameliorated in rats fed fructose. In addition, the reduction in catecholamine concentration did not protect the copper-deficient rats fed fructose against cardiomegaly and mortality. The data support the contention that the severity of copper deficiency in rats fed fructose is not solely dependent on hepatic copper concentration and/or levels of catecholamines.
CANDESARTAN ATTENUATES AGING-INDUCED INCREASE IN MATRICELLULAR PROTEINS AND MATRIX PROTEASES AND LIMITS REMODELING DURING HEALING AFTER REPERFUSED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Bodh I. Jugdutt, Arivazhagan Palaniyappan, Halliday Idikio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)