tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional echocardiography in acute myocardial infarction: detection and localization of regional left ventricular asynergy.
Authors: J J Heger, A E Weyman, L S Wann, J C Dillon, H Feigenbaum
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Left ventricular asynergy associated with acute myocardial infarction was evaluated by cross- sectional echocardiography.Patients with acute infarction were studied within 48 hours of admission, and a segmental analysis of left ventricular wall motion was performed using nine segments obtained by short-and long-axis recordings of the left ventricle.By this segmental approach, analysis of wall motion in the entire left ventricle was possible.Complete studies were recorded in 37 of 44 original patients.Segmental wall motion ab- normalities were recorded and localized in each of the 37 study patients.Asynergy was detected in 142 segments, and 29 patients had multiple segment involvement.Asynergy was most common in the apical segments of the left ventricle, but the cross-sectional scans permitted detection of asynergy in all segments.Correlation between the ECG and the cross-sectional echocardiogram revealed that 19 of 20 patients with in- ferior infarction had asynergy in posterior segments, 14 of 14 patients with anterior infarction had asynergy in anterior segments, and three of three patients with anteroinferior infarction had asynergy both anterior and posterior segments.In addition, the location of segmental asynergy followed specific patterns for each ECG subgroup of infarction.In four patients with postmortem examination, 21 of 22 segments that had asynergy by cross-sectional echocardiography also had pathologic evidence of infarction.Therefore, the cross-sectional echocardiogram provides a reliable method for detecting the presence and location of regional asynergy associated with acute myocardial infarction.
Scintimammographic Analysis of Nonpalpable Breast Lesions Previously Identified by Conventional Mammography
Authors: Jorge Tolmos, John A. Cutrone, Benjamin Wang, Hernan I. Vargas, Michael Stuntz, Fred S. Mishkin, Linda E. Diggles, Rose J. Venegas, Stanley R. Klein, Iraj Khalkhali
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Background: In randomized trials, screening mammography has led to decreased mortality from breast cancer.However, the low positive predictive value of mammography (i.e., the proportion of patients with a positive test result who actually have breast cancer) results in a large number of unnecessary biopsies.We determined whether scintimammography with technetium-99m-sestamibi is a useful supplemental diagnostic tool for women with nonpalpable breast abnormalities identified by conventional mammography.Methods: Scintimammography was performed preoperatively on 70 women who were 31-66 years of age (mean age and median age = 51 years).These women had nonpalpable breast abnormalities identified by conventional mammography; subsequently, a needlelocalization excisional biopsy of each suspicious lesion was performed.Scintimammographic images were interpreted independently by two nuclear medicine physicians who were blinded to all clinical and pathologic data, and an interobserver variation analysis was performed.Results: Interobserver variation analysis of the scintimammographic findings showed an agreement for breast diagnosis of 97% and a kappa coefficient of 0.90.Comparison of scintimammographic findings and histopathologic results revealed that the sensitivity (proportion of patients with breast cancer who had a positive test result), the specificity (proportion of patients without breast cancer who had a negative test result), the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value (pro-portion of patients with a negative test result who actually did not have breast cancer) of scintimammography were 56% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 23%-85%), 87% (95% CI = 75%-94%), 38% (95% CI = 15%-68%), and 93% (95% CI = 82%-98%), respectively.Four of nine breast cancers were not detected by scintimammography.Conclusion: Because of excellent interobserver agreement, scintimammography provides an objective way of detecting primary breast carcinoma.In view of its low sensitivity and positive predictive value, however, scintimammography is not currently recommended as a screening test in patients with nonpalpable positive mammographic findings.
Haplotype Tagging SNPs in the Beta Adrenergic Receptor (ADRB2) Gene are Associated with Pre and Post-bronchodilator Lung Function in Preschool Children
Authors: A. Simpson, J. Hankinson, S. Borg-Bartolo, L. Lowe, S. John, A. Woodcock, W. Ollier, A. Custovic
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Elevated PIN1 expression by C/EBPα-p30 blocks C/EBPα-induced granulocytic differentiation through c-Jun in AML
Authors: J A Pulikkan, V Dengler, A A Peer Zada, A Kawasaki, M Geletu, Z Pasalic, S K Bohlander, A Ryo, D G Tenen, G Behre
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Psychotic reactions during treatment of pituitary tumours with dopamine agonists.
Authors: T H Turner, J C Cookson, J A Wass, P L Drury, P A Price, G M Besser
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Of 600 patients treated with the dopamine agonist drugs bromocriptine and lisuride for functioning pituitary tumours, eight developed drug related psychoses. Symptoms included auditory hallucinations, delusional ideas, and appreciable changes in mood. These reactions occurred with lower doses of the drugs than previously reported and remitted when treatment was stopped. The possibility of psychiatric side effects with dopamine agonist treatment should be recognised in view of the strain that may be placed on patients and their families.
Refusing to treat smokers is unethical and a dangerous precedent.
Authors: M Shiu
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Considerable evidence exists regarding the adverse effect of continued smoking on vein graft patency rates and early operative mortality and morbidity.One study has reported a reduction in the relative survival of younger patients who smoke,36 and, although little work has been done, it would seem likely that continued smoking will negate the beneficial effect of surgery in patients whose life expectancy would be expected to improve after operation.Subjecting patients who conninue to smoke, and for whom the only indication for operation is the relief of angina, to the increased risks of surgery in the face of a remediable cause is not justified.
Current Methods of Autopsy Practice
Authors: Cyril Abrahams
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The autopsy has fallen on hard times. The incidence in most institutions throughout the United States has decreased. Many causes are held responsible for this decline, and many solutions have been suggested to remedy the problem. These include greater use of the autopsy for research and for evaluation of patient care, thereby satisfying the consumer physicians of the inherent value of the autopsy. Another step is to modernize the autopsy and to bring it into line with the advances of medicine that are presently taking place. The book entitled<i>Current Methods of Autopsy Practice</i>by J. Ludwig does just this and is therefore timely. Its greatest strength lies in its being up-to-date. It elevates the autopsy into the modern medical arena. The book is divided into two parts. The first deals with updated contributions on conventional autopsy techniques, but in addition there are chapters dealing with skills of modern roentgenology,
Criteria for Diagnosing Depression in the Setting of Medical Disease
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, George Molnar
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

The evaluation of depression in the setting of medical disease is a complex task that requires considerable clinical skills. Physical illness is a common cause of psychopathology and this should alert the physician to vigorously search for possible organic explanations of depressive symptoms, especially in the elderly, where organic affective syndromes seem to be most prevalent. The multifactorial determinants and modes of expression of depression in the medically ill require further psychosomatic studies.
Promyelocytic leukemia protein induces apoptosis due to caspase-8 activation via the repression of NFκB activation in glioblastoma
Authors: Kazuyuki Kuwayama, Kazuhito Matsuzaki, Yoshihumi Mizobuchi, Hideo Mure, Keiko T. Kitazato, Teruyoshi Kageji, Mitsuyoshi Nakao, Shinji Nagahiro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2008)

Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein plays an essential role in the induction of apoptosis; its expression is reduced in various cancers. As the functional roles of PML in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have not been clarified, we assessed the expression of PML protein in GBM tissues and explored the mechanisms of PML-regulated cell death in GBM cells. We examined the PML mRNA level and the expression of PML protein in surgical GBM specimens. PML-regulated apoptotic mechanisms in GBM cells transfected with plasmids expressing the PML gene were examined. The protein expression of PML was significantly lower in GBM than in non-neoplastic tissues; approximately 10% of GBM tissues were PML-null. The PML mRNA levels were similar in both tissue types. The overexpression of PML activated caspase-8 and induced apoptosis in GBM cells. In these cells, PML decreased the expression of transactivated forms of NFkappaB/p65, and c-FLIP gene expression was suppressed. Therefore, PML-induced apoptosis resulted from the suppression of the transcriptional activity of NFkappaB/p65. PML overexpression decreased phosphorylated IkappaBalpha and nuclear NFkappaB/p65 and increased the expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS-1). A proteasome inhibitor blocked the reduction of activated p65 by PML. The reduction of PML is associated with the pathogenesis of GBM. PML induces caspase-8-dependent apoptosis via the repression of NFkappaB activation by which PML facilitates the proteasomal degradation of activated p65 and the sequestration of p65 with IkappaBalpha in the cytoplasm. This novel mechanism of PML-regulated apoptosis may represent a therapeutic target for GBM.
Successful treatment of chronic ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica with 0.1% topical tacrolimus ointment
Authors: T.H. Clayton, P.V. Harrison
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Successful treatment of chronic ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica with 0·1% topical tacrolimus ointment Get access T.H. Clayton, T.H. Clayton Department of Dermatology, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Ashton Road, Lancaster LA1 4RP, U.K. E‐mail: timhclayton@hotmail.com; timclayton@leedsth.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.V. Harrison P.V. Harrison Department of Dermatology, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Ashton Road, Lancaster LA1 4RP, U.K. E‐mail: timhclayton@hotmail.com; timclayton@leedsth.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 3, 1 March 2005, Pages 581–582, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06388.x Published: 01 March 2005
Does Having More Physicians Lead to Better Health System Performance?
Authors: David C. Goodman, Kevin Grumbach
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The cost of shoulder pain at work
Authors: P. M Bongers
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Hospital acquired infections with respiratory syncytial virus are a major problem. The virus is spread predominantly by infected nasal secretions and we investigated whether we could reduce its incidence by cohorting babies on each ward into designated areas and encouraging staff and parents to wash their hands. We examined the incidence of hospital acquired infection due to respiratory syncytial virus in all children less than 2 years old and in those with congenital heart disease. In 1986-7, before any intervention, 18 (4.2%) of 425 hospitalised children less than 2 years old developed hospital acquired infection due to respiratory syncytial virus. In 1987-8, after intervention, five (0.6%) of 840 children developed hospital acquired infection but there were fewer ward admissions with community acquired infections due to the virus. In 1988-9, when there were more community acquired infections than 1986-7, six (1.1%) of 552 children developed hospital acquired infection. In 1986-7, eight (34.8%) of 23 children less than 2 years old with congenital heart disease developed hospital acquired infection due to respiratory syncytial virus; all eight were among 11 children with congenital heart disease hospitalised for more than 14 days. In 1987-8, one (3.3%) of 30 children with congenital heart disease developed hospital acquired infection due to respiratory syncytial virus and in 1988-9 there was one (2.1%) case out of 47 children with congenital heart disease. Handwashing and cohorting significantly reduce the incidence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection.
The Fine Art of Disappearing From Meetings
Authors: Harold J. Ellner
Journal: JAMA (1982)

As my hospital-staff presidency neared its end, my awareness of the expertise of some of the medical staff in prematurely departing from meetings had crystallized. During ascendancy to this position, one cannot fully appreciate the extent of this sort of ingenuity. As secretary, one is too busy trying to record the minutes. As vice-president, one has an understudy's engrossment in the president's predicaments and can observe little else. But, ah, after the torch is passed and, upright, he faces his seated colleagues at staff meetings, he has a talent scout's view of attendance-abbreviation finesse. <h3>The Telephone Gambit.—</h3> This classic method merits mention as the venerable forerunner of those more innovative techniques. Shortly into the meeting, the phone calls begin, each summoning a specific physician to a brief, earnest conversation. The callee strides out purposefully, not to return. Users of this method have, of course, scheduled the call (usually from home)
Who should be offered prenatal screening for Down's syndrome?
Authors: J N Payne
Journal: BMJ (1991)

We are grateful to Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle for their comments.It is our contention that this complication, which has been noted before,' is probably underrecognised rather than rare.We do not advocate doing therapeutic biliary endoscopy as a day case procedure, and it is certainly not our practice to do this.Other complications such as pancreatitis and septicaemia may also present after four to six hours, and our patients often come from far away as tertiary referrals.We use a similar technique to that of Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle, using an electrosurgical unit with a power output of 30 watts, although the output may have to be increased in patients with longstanding choledocholithiasis and fibrosis at the lower end of the bile duct.We prefer a plain wired sphincterotome.Interestingly, our overall rate of bleeding after sphincterotomy (3%) is virtually identical with that quoted by others,' 2 including Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle, who were among four authors who reported bleeding in six of 215 patients.'It is not apparent why this bleeding may become overt late, but the need for vigilance remains clear.
Abstract 2691: Regulation of ultraviolet radiation induced cutaneous tumor development by Toll like receptor-4
Authors: Matthew McConnell, Nabiha Yusuf
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) B radiation, in particular the mid-wavelength range (UVB; 290-320 nm), is one of the most significant risk factors for the development of skin cancer. Toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) has been shown to play an important role in cancer, but the role that it plays apparently depends on the stage of tumor development, the tumor type and the initiating agent. The purpose of this study was to delineate the contribution of TLR4 in UVB induced cutaneous tumor development using TLR4 deficient C3H/HeJ mice and TLR4 proficient C3H/HeN (WT) mice. We observed that UVB induced skin carcinogenesis was retarded in terms of tumor incidence, and tumor latency, in mice deficient in TLR4 compared to WT mice, whereas significantly greater (p&amp;lt;0.05) numbers of tumors occurred in WT mice. Further, we found that tumor-bearing WT mice produced more IL-17 and IL-10 (p&amp;lt;0.05), whereas TLR4 deficient mice produced more IFN-γ (p&amp;lt;0.05). CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells from WT mice produced more IL-10 (p&amp;lt;0.05) than regulatory T-cells from TLR4 deficient mice. There was a significant increase (p&amp;lt;0.05) in Foxp3 expression in skin of WT mice than TLR4 deficient mice. Time course kinetics of tumor development revealed an increase in MyD88 and TRAF6 expression in skin and tumors of WT mice in comparison to TLR4 deficient mice. These results indicate that, TLR4 promotes tumor development in this model. Strategies to inhibit TLR4 may allow us to develop immunopreventive and immunotherapeutic approaches for management of UVB induced skin cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2691. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2691
Geological Dates and Molecular Rates: Fish DNA Sheds Light on Time Dependency
Authors: C. P. Burridge, D. Craw, D. Fletcher, J. M. Waters
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

Knowledge of DNA evolution is central to our understanding of biological history, but how fast does DNA change? Previously, pedigree and ancient DNA studies—focusing on evolution in the short term—have yielded molecular rate estimates substantially faster than those based on deeper phylogenies. It has recently been suggested that short-term, elevated molecular rates decay exponentially over 1–2 Myr to long-term, phylogenetic rates, termed "time dependency of molecular rates." This transition has potential to confound molecular inferences of demographic parameters and dating of many important evolutionary events. Here, we employ a novel approach—geologically dated changes in river drainages and isolation of fish populations—to document rates of mitochondrial DNA change over a range of temporal scales. This method utilizes precise spatiotemporal disruptions of linear freshwater systems and hence avoids many of the limitations associated with typical DNA calibration methods involving fossil data or island formation. Studies of freshwater-limited fishes across the South Island of New Zealand have revealed that genetic relationships reflect past, rather than present, drainage connections. Here, we use this link between drainage geology and genetics to calibrate rates of molecular evolution across nine events ranging in age from 0.007 Myr (Holocene) to 5.0 Myr (Pliocene). Molecular rates of change in galaxiid fishes from calibration points younger than 200 kyr were faster than those based on older calibration points. This study provides conclusive evidence of time dependency in molecular rates as it is based on a robust calibration system that was applied to closely related taxa, and analyzed using a consistent and rigorous methodology. The time dependency observed here appears short-lived relative to previous suggestions (1–2 Myr), which has bearing on the accuracy of molecular inferences drawn from processes operating within the Quaternary and mechanisms invoked to explain the decay of rates with time.
Persisting cholinergic erythema: a variant of cholinergic urticaria
Authors: G.M. MURPHY, A. KOBZA BLACK, M.W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

A new variant of cholinergic urticaria is described. Four patients each had a similar persistent macular skin rash distributed maximally over the upper limbs and upper trunk. Though the rash was persistent, individual macules were of short duration hut new macules continually appeared at adjacent sites. Exercise and hot baths exacerbated pruritus and provoked lesions in previously unaffected areas. Topically applied benzoyl scopolamine blocked the appearance of the lesions after challenge. Tests of cholinergic function were normal, apart from an exaggerated pupillary response to arecoline in one patient.
Heat related deaths could rise from 2000 to 12 000 a year by the 2080s, health agency says
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

More deaths of elderly people relating to hot weather, a longer hay fever season, and more people with asthma are just some of the public health implications of climate change predicted for the United Kingdom by a detailed report published today by the Health Protection Agency.1

There will also be more flooding, more ultraviolet light, and a greater potential for exotic, disease carrying mosquitoes to invade the UK, says the HPA’s report, unveiled at its annual conference in Warwick.

Temperatures in the UK have been rising by around 0.25°C a decade since the 1960s, while the amount of summer rainfall has decreased and that of winter rainfall has increased. It is predicted that the mean average temperature will rise by another 2°C to 5°C by 2080 and that heat waves will become more frequent. Southern-central and eastern England are expected to see the largest temperatures rises, with rises being most pronounced in urban areas.

Currently around 2000 people die prematurely in the UK a year …
Prevention of Liver Metastases by Intravenous Radioisotopes
Authors: Norman B. Ackerman, Arthur S. McFee, Merle K. Loken
Journal: JAMA (1964)

ONE OF THE MAJOR problems in cancer therapy is the management of established liver metastases. Neither radical surgery, radiation, nor chemotherapy has provided a satisfactory answer to this problem. Recently there has been some interest in the prevention of liver metastasis by the administration of chemotherapeutic agents at the time of resection of the primary tumor.<sup>1,2</sup>These studies have prompted our interest in the use of prophylactic radiotherapy for the same purpose. The approach used in this laboratory has been the intravenous administration of a therapeutic dose of P<sup>32</sup>-tagged colloidal chromic phosphate which is concentrated selectively by the liver. The effect of this agent as a means of preventing liver "metastases" has been studied in rats following the injection of tumor cells in the portal vein. <h3>Method</h3> These studies were performed on female albino Holtzman rats weighing 150 to 200 gm. A rapidly growing tumor, the Novikoff