tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-04-02: Increased Risk of Breast Cancer in Women Who Receive False Positive Test Results from Mammography Screening
Authors: M von Euler-Chelpin, B Larson Thorsted, I Vejborg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Copenhagen has the longest running organised screening programme for breast cancer in Denmark. The programme started in 1991. One of the possible consequences when screening for breast cancer with mammography is a false positive test result. We assessed the relative risk of developing breast cancer among women who had received false positive test results compared to women who had not. Method: The mammography programme provided data on participation and test results from 1991 -2005. Oncological data was retrieved from the National Cancer Register. Follow-up ended on 17 April 2008. Data were linked using the Danish unique personal identity number. Relative risks were estimated using Poisson regression, age adjusted. The exposure was categorised as a) false-positive Type1 = negative after further assessment with mammography, ultrasound and fine needle aspiration, and b) Type 2 = negative after surgery. Results: A total of 59.392 women participated in the mammography programme, representing 650.218 person-years at risk. The relative risk (RR) of breast cancer after any type of false positive (FP) was 1.33 (95% CI, 1.18-1.50), the RR for breast cancer after a Type 1 FP was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.18 — 1.52) and after a Type 2 FP the RR was 1.24 (95% CI, 0.85-1.82). The RR of interval cancer, i.e. breast cancer within the two years following the test result, was 1.73 (95% CI, 1.13-2.66) for women who had received a FP test result as compared to those who had not. Conclusion: Women who have received a false positive test result from mammography screening had a 73% increased risk of developing interval cancer compared to women who had not, and a 33% increased risk of developing breast cancer at any time after a false positive test result. There was an increased risk for both Type 1 (34%) and Type 2 (24%) FP test results, though data was only significant for Type 1 results. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-04-02.
Coarctation of the Aorta in Infants and Children
Authors: ROY L. TAWES, EOIN ABERDEEN, D. J. WATERSTON, R. E. BONHAM CARTER
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The operative experience with 333 children (179 [54%] under one year of age) is reported. Associated cardiac anomalies were present in 75%. All those requiring operation before the age of one year had congestive heart failure. Early recognition of the failure of medical treatment and early operative correction are imperative if an avoidable fatal outcome is to be prevented. This study demonstrates that the operative mortality is small (2.8%) in patients over the age of six months, and that almost half of the very ill infants under six months of age can be saved by early operation.
Long-term antihypertensive treatment inhibiting progression of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: C E Mogensen
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Six men aged 26-35 years with proteinuria due to insulindependent juvenile-onset diabetes were treated for moderate hypertension (mean blood pressure 162/103 mm Hg) and studied for a mean of 73 months for the effect on the progression of nephropathy. All patients were of normal weight. During a mean control period of 28 months before treatment the mean glomerular filtration rate (three or four measurements) was 86.1 ml/min and mean 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (also three or four measurements) 3.9 g (range 0.5-8.8 g).During antihypertensive treatment the mean systolic blood pressure fell to 144 mm Hg and mean diastolic pressure to 95 mm Hg. In the control period five patients had shown a mean monthly decline in glomerular filtration rate of 1.23 ml/min; with antihypertensive treatment, however, this decline fell to 0.49 ml/min (2p=0.042). In the remaining patient the glomerular filtration rate was 137 ml/min before treatment and 135 ml/min at the end of the treatment period. In all patients the mean yearly increase in albumin clearance (expressed as a percentage of the glomerular filtration rate) fell from 107% before treatment to 5% during treatment (2p=0.0099).This small study indicates that antihypertensive treatment slows the decline in renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Clinical trials beginning treatment in the incipient phase of diabetic nephropathy will define the optimal modality of treatment in this large patient population.
Quantitation of pretreatment serum interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 improves the predictive value of an IL28B gene polymorphism for hepatitis C treatment response
Authors: Jama M. Darling, Jeroen Aerssens, Gregory Fanning, John G. McHutchison, David B. Goldstein, Alexander J. Thompson, Kevin V. Shianna, Nezam H. Afdhal, Michael L. Hudson, Charles D. Howell, Willem Talloen, Jacques Bollekens, Mieke De Wit, Annick Scholliers, Michael W. Fried
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Polymorphisms of the IL28B gene are highly associated with sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with peginterferon and ribavirin. Quantitation of interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) may also differentiate antiviral response. We evaluated IP-10 levels in pretreatment serum from 115 nonresponders and 157 sustained responders in the Study of Viral Resistance to Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C cohort, including African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients. Mean IP-10 was lower in sustained responders compared with nonresponders (437 ± 31 vs 704 ± 44 pg/mL, P < 0.001), both in AA and CA patients. The positive predictive value of low IP-10 levels (<600 pg/mL) for SVR was 69%, whereas the negative predictive value of high IP-10 levels (>600 pg/mL) was 67%. We assessed the combination of pretreatment IP-10 levels with IL28B genotype as predictors of treatment response. The IL28B polymorphism rs12979860 was tested in 210 participants. The CC, CT, and TT genotypes were found in 30%, 49%, and 21% of patients, respectively, with corresponding SVR rates of 87%, 50%, and 39% (P < 0.0001). Serum IP-10 levels within the IL28B genotype groups provided additional information regarding the likelihood of SVR (P < 0.0001). CT carriers with low IP-10 had 64% SVR versus 24% with high IP-10. Similarly, a higher SVR rate was identified for TT and CC carriers with low versus high IP-10 (TT, 48% versus 20%; CC, 89% versus 79%). IL28B genotype and baseline IP-10 levels were additive but independent when predicting SVR in both AA and CA patients. When IL28B genotype is combined with pretreatment serum IP-10 measurement, the predictive value for discrimination between SVR and nonresponse is significantly improved, especially in non-CC genotypes. This relationship warrants further investigation to elucidate the mechanisms of antiviral response and prospective validation.
Vasopressin analogs in portal hypertension: Different molecules but similar questions
Authors: Andres T. Blei
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

Vasopressin Analogs in Portal Hypertension:Different Molecules but Similar QuestionsConfronted with the reality of balloons and scleroscopes, a patient with acute variceal hemorrhage would probably prefer treatment with a pharmacological agent.However, after several decades of clinical use, the role of vasopressin and vasoconstrictor therapy in the management of acute variceal bleeding is still controversial (1,
The Emerging Market for Long-term Nicotine Maintenance
Authors: Kenneth E. Warner
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In increasing numbers, Americans will seek to satisfy nicotine addictions through the use of novel nicotine-delivery products devoid of several of the poisons that make cigarettes so deadly. In the vanguard are tobacco industry devices that heat tobacco derivatives rather than burn tobacco, and pharmaceutical industry nicotine-replacement products, with nicotine gum and the patch now available over the counter. Ostensibly, these 2 industries have diametrically opposed objectives, the tobacco industry striving to sustain nicotine addictions, the pharmaceutical industry to end them. However, a series of technological, economic, political, regulatory, and social developments augurs a strange-bedfellows competition in which these industries will vie for shares of a new multibillion dollar long-term nicotine-maintenance market. Regulatory options range from encouraging competition to banning all nicotine-delivery devices. A more realistic approach discourages use of the most dangerous products, while making less hazardous products readily available to adults.
Methotrexate and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: H. Zachariae
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Methotrexate and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs Get access H. Zachariae H. Zachariae Department of Dermatology, Marselisbory Hospital, University of Aarhus, DK‐8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 1, 1 January 1992, Page 95, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb08419.x Published: 01 January 1992
Noninfectious dermatological diseases associated with chronic exposure to mine tailings in a Peruvian district
Authors: W. Ramos, C. Galarza, G. Ronceros, F. de Amat, M. Teran, L. Pichardo, D. Juarez, R. Anaya, A. Mayhua, J. Hurtado, A.G. Ortega-Loayza
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Mine tailings are metallic wastes which are deposited in the environment due to mining activity. Long-term exposure to these metals is harmful to human health.To determine if chronic exposure to mine tailings constitutes a risk factor for the development of dermatological diseases in the district of San Mateo de Huanchor (Lima, Peru).An observational case-control study was carried out in the communities of Mayoc, Daza and Tamboraque (exposed to mine tailings, case group) located in the district of San Mateo de Huanchor, and also in the communities of Choccna and Caruya (not exposed to mine tailings, control group) located in the same district. Out of 230 adults, 121 were exposed and 109 were not exposed to mine tailings and out of 135 children, 71 were exposed and 64 were not exposed to mine tailings.In the adult group, 71% of the exposed cases had some noninfectious dermatological disease while in the nonexposed group the frequency was 34% [P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR) 5.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.02-9.68]. A statistically significant difference between groups was found for arsenical dermatitis, nonpruritic papulovesicular eruption, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and xerosis. In the paediatric population, 71 exposed and 64 nonexposed children were evaluated. Sixty-nine per cent of the exposed group had some noninfectious dermatological disease vs. 30% in the nonexposed group (P < 0.001; OR 6.00; 95% CI 2.71-13.31). A statistically significant difference between groups was found for xerosis and atopic dermatitis.Chronic exposure to mine tailings represents a risk factor for development of noninfectious dermatological diseases in both adults and children.
Please do not resuscitate: Automatic refusal is as harmful as offering resuscitation to all
Authors: Carmelo Aquilina, Suki Greaves, Mohammed Al-Saadi, Henk Parmentier, Catherine Tarrant, Elaine Wantoch
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Solution is flawedEditor-Conroy et al offer a challenging solution to advance decisions on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but the basis for that solution is fundamentally flawed. 1 They start from the premise that all institutions should provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation unless an overt decision has been made to the contrary. 2 3This is a common position in most UK NHS trusts, but there is no ethical, legal, or clinical demand on professionals that they must provide CPR.Current UK guidelines describe a presumption in favour of CPR in the absence of an advance decision but are equally clear that it would be unreasonable to resuscitate anyone in whom the burdens of treatment clearly outweigh the potential benefits.The presumption in favour of CPR has been interpreted by many health authorities as a default for CPR, but such a position is not supported by the guidelines and runs counter to personalised decision making by removing personal choice.It is also exceptional, since no other medical treatment comes with a default position.Unfortunately, Conroy et al's solution is to suggest an equally unacceptable position, a default against CPR.Conroy et al are right that the current guidelines need to be reviewed, but not for the reasons they state.Current UK guidelines are the source of much confusion among clinicians. 4They contain many contradictions and confusing statements and provide no framework for making clinical decisions.It is possible to make sense of advance decisions on CPR, and had the authors done so they would have arrived at a framework that individualises decisions, involves patients or relatives and partners when appropriate, and does so without placing an unnecessary burden on patients and carers. 4Instead the authors try to work through this confusion, and by offering a default against CPR they fail to reach a caring solution.
VITILIGO AND ITS AETIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP TO ORGAN-SPECIFIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
Authors: S. BOR, M. FEIWEL, I. CHANARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article VITILIGO AND ITS AETIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP TO ORGAN‐SPECIFIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE Get access S. BOR, S. BOR Departments of Dermatology and Haematology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. FEIWEL, M. FEIWEL Departments of Dermatology and Haematology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. CHANARIN I. CHANARIN Departments of Dermatology and Haematology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 2, 1 February 1969, Pages 83–88, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb15985.x Published: 01 February 1969 Article history Accepted: 25 August 1968 Published: 01 February 1969
The dueling diagnoses of Darwin
Authors: G. M. FitzGibbon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —Barloon and Noyes 1 suggest that Charles Darwin's anxiety neurosis might more specifically be classified as panic disorder with agoraphobia. It is an attractive hypothesis. However, their opinion that the illness may well have facilitated completion of Darwin's work is not original and invites comment.  In his 1974 book, Pickering 2 examined creative genius and discussed the close link between mental illness and the work of 6 famous people. These links differed distinctly in their nature. A thoroughly researched consideration of the life and work of Darwin was the starting point for his study. He considered, as also in the case of Florence Nightingale, the role of emotional illness in providing the social withdrawal essential to intense and prolonged intellectual activity. The book was acclaimed and reprinted 3 in the United States. References to it are readily accessible in the medical literature, as, for instance, in the article 4 by
Are the pathogens of out-groups really more dangerous?
Authors: Mícheál de Barra, Val Curtis
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract We question the plausibility of Fincher &amp; Thornhill's (F&amp;T's) argument that localised pathogen-host coevolution leads to out-groups having pathogens more damaging than those infecting one's own family or religious group.
Patient Perceptions, Physician Communication, and the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Paul J. Hauptman, John T. Chibnall, Camelia Guild, Eric S. Armbrecht
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) have changed the way in which patients with chronic ventricular dysfunction are evaluated and treated.To examine patient-physician communication at the time the decision is made to implant an ICD.Forty-one patients with ICDs and 11 cardiologists were recruited by a national marketing research company for a study comprising patient focus groups and standardized patient interviews in 3 different metropolitan areas.Eight patient focus groups and (separately) 22 standardized patient interviews with cardiologists.Patient focus group findings and the results of standardized patient interviews (each cardiologist interviewed 2 patients).The mean (SD) patient age was 61.4 (14.7) years; 21 were female. Thirty-three patients could not recall a discussion about periprocedural or long-term complications. On a scale of 1 to 10, the mean (SD) rating of the degree to which patients felt informed before the implant procedure was 5.7 (3.2) (1 indicates "not at all informed," and 10 indicates "I had all the information I needed or wanted"). The mean (SD) estimated number of patients out of 100 who would be saved by the ICD was 87.9 (20.1). A negative perception on body image and lifestyle was prevalent. Across 22 standardized patient interviews, cardiologists frequently (in >17 of 22 of interviews) did not address or minimized or denied quality-of-life issues and long-term consequences of ICD placement, including the risk for depression, anxiety, and inappropriate delivery of shock or device advisory. In 15 of 22 of the standardized patient interviews, cardiologists used unexplained medical terms or jargon.Patient-physician communication about ICDs is characterized by unclear representation and omission of information to patients, with notable lack of attention to psychological and long-term risks. Training of cardiologists on information exchange with patients may promote informed decision making and preempt threats to patient quality of life.
Diet-Induced Occlusive Coronary Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, Cardiac Dysfunction, and Premature Death in Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I-Deficient, Hypomorphic Apolipoprotein ER61 Mice
Authors: Songwen Zhang, Michael H. Picard, Eliza Vasile, Yu Zhu, Robert L. Raffai, Karl H. Weisgraber, Monty Krieger
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Normal chow (low fat)-fed mice deficient in both the HDL receptor SR-BI and apolipoprotein E (SR-BI/apoE dKO) provide a distinctive model of coronary heart disease (CHD). They exhibit early-onset hypercholesterolemia characterized by unesterified cholesterol-rich abnormal lipoproteins (lamellar/vesicular and stacked discoidal particles), occlusive coronary atherosclerosis, spontaneous myocardial infarction, cardiac dysfunction, and premature death ( approximately 6 weeks of age). Mice in which similar features of CHD could be induced with a lipid-rich diet would represent a powerful tool to study CHD.To generate a diet-inducible model of CHD, we bred SR-BI-deficient (SR-BI KO) mice with hypomorphic apolipoprotein E mice (ApoeR61(h/h)) that express reduced levels of an apoE4-like murine apoE isoform and exhibit diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. When fed a normal chow diet, SR-BI KO/ApoeR61(h/h) mice did not exhibit early-onset atherosclerosis or CHD; the low expression level of the apoE4-like murine apoE was atheroprotective and cardioprotective. However, when fed an atherogenic diet rich in fat, cholesterol, and cholate, they rapidly developed hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and CHD, a response strikingly similar to that of SR-BI/apoE dKO mice fed a chow diet, and they died 32+/-6 days (50% mortality) after initiation of the high-fat feeding.The SR-BI KO/ApoeR61(h/h) mouse is a new model of diet-induced occlusive coronary atherosclerosis and CHD (myocardial infarction, cardiac dysfunction and premature death), allowing control of the age of onset, duration, severity, and possibly regression of disease. Thus, SR-BI KO/ApoeR61(h/h) mice have the potential to contribute to our understanding of CHD and its prevention and treatment.
Artificial Pancreas May Soon Be a Reality
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differences in Th1/Th2 cytokine response profiles during early childhood and their relationship to wheezing phenotypes
Authors: D.F.G. DaSilva, M.D. Evans, K.A. Roberg, C.J. Tisler, E.L. Anderson, T.E. Pappas, L.E. Pleiss, R.E. Gangnon, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Increased neutrophil lifespan in patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Irene Tracchi, Giorgio Ghigliotti, Marzia Mura, Silvano Garibaldi, Paolo Spallarossa, Chiara Barisione, Valentina Boasi, Michele Brunelli, Luca Corsiglia, Antonio Barsotti, Claudio Brunelli
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Transsexual Surgery
Authors: Melvin M. Belli
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Transsexual surgery became a modern reality 25 years ago when Christine Jorgenson's sex reversal shocked the world. Since that time, transsexuality has become both dilemma and controversy in medicine, psychiatry, and law. Transsexuality emerged into an interdisciplinary void. Today both scientists and courts are being asked to fill that void with answers. I have explored the legal aspects of transsexual surgery, both ancient common-law precedents and current developments, and possible answers to the sex change dilemma.
Dynamic CpG island methylation landscape in oocytes and preimplantation embryos
Authors: Sébastien A Smallwood, Shin-ichi Tomizawa, Felix Krueger, Nico Ruf, Natasha Carli, Anne Segonds-Pichon, Shun Sato, Kenichiro Hata, Simon R Andrews, Gavin Kelsey
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
193. Direct Comparison of Integration Efficiency and Stable Gene Expression Mediated by the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System and by the PhiC31 Phage Integrase System in Cultured Human Fibroblasts and in Various Stem Cell Targets
Authors: Andy Wilber, Fernando Montoya, Aron M. Geurts, David A. Largaespada, Uma Lakshmipathy, R. Scott McIvor
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)