tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vacuum assisted closure therapy for infected groin wounds following vascular surgery
Authors: Claire Goatman, George A. Antoniou, J. Vincent Smyth, David Murray
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)

s / International Journal of Surgery 11 (2013) 686e745 739 ABSTRACTS Results:103patientswere surveyedand65have responded.14patients(22%) were treated conservatively, 23(35%) had radiological intervention, 4(6%) had combined radiological and surgical treatment, 9(14%) underwent bypass surgery and 15(23%) had amajor amputation. Only 13 patients(20%) reported improvement in their daily activity following the treatment and in 33(50.8%) their activity remained unchanged. Overall, 55 patients(85%) were satisfied with treatment they had received. When comparing non-amputees to amputees, there was no statistically significant difference between the satisfaction scores in the two groups(84% vs 87%; p 0.6714). Conclusions: Majority of the patients were satisfied with the treatment. Therefore pain relief, not an improvement in functional status, seems to be a major feature contributing to patient satisfaction following the CLI treatment and amputees are not less satisfied than non-amputees. 0782: TEN YEAR EXPERIENCE OF MANAGING RAAA IN A DGH Adnan Qureshi, Carolyn Thomas, Sarah Shahzad, Salem Al-Hamali, Mohamed Elshaer. Kettering General Hospital NHs Foundation Trust,
Mary Armour Millar
Authors: S. Goudie
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former clinical director of radiology and imaging Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow (b Glasgow 1939; q Glasgow 1963; MRCP Glas, DMRD, FRCR), died from bowel cancer on 14 April 2002.

After qualifying, Mary remained in Glasgow so that she could look after her parents—her mother had recently had a severe subarachnoid haemorrhage. Mary began radiology at the Victoria Infirmary in 1964, becoming a consultant there in 1972. In 1991 she became chairman of division and then clinical director of radiology and imaging, retiring in August 2000 to take care of her elderly father. A devout Christian, for 30 years she served as medical adviser to the Overseas Missionary Fellowship. This in some ways helped to make up for the fact that she had been unable to become a missionary because of her home commitments.
Neurologic Recovery After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: W.T. LONGSTRETH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

A retrospective cohort study of the neurologic sequelae of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was done using 459 consecutive patients resuscitated and admitted to a teaching hospital over 10 years. Awakening was defined as having comprehensible speech or following commands. One hundred and eighty patients (39%) never awakened and 279 (61%) awakened, 188 without and 91 with persistent neurologic deficits. Fifty-nine patients had cognitive deficits and 32 patients had motor and cognitive deficits. Patients who did not awaken died, with a median survival of 3.5 days. The longer a patient survived without awakening, the smaller the probability of ever awakening and awakening without deficits. Fourteen patients awakening after 4 days had some deficits, and after 14 days six had severe deficits. Neurologic sequelae of cardiac arrest are common and related to awakening. The probability of future awakening and neurologic sequelae for patients not awake at specific times after cardiac arrest can be estimated.
Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia Associated With Pentamidine Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Authors: Hetty Waskin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In 1984, three patients died of severe hypoglycemia after receiving pentamidine isethionate to treat<i>Pneumocystis</i>pneumonia. These deaths occurred on days 8,12, and 19 of treatment, respectively. To assess risk factors associated with pentamidine treatment and hypoglycemia, we reviewed records of patients treated with pentamidine in New York City in 1984; ninety-seven percent of these patients had a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Hypoglycemia occurred in 23 (14%) of 164 patients. Hypoglycemia was more likely to occur in patients who received therapy of longer duration and an increasing dosage of pentamidine. Patients at greater risk for hypoglycemia also included those who had received pentamidine previously and those who experienced azotemia during treatment. This serious, potentially fatal, reaction should be considered in all patients who are treated with pentamidine, particularly those receiving prolonged or recurrent therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:345-347)
Abstract 3235: Identification of the potential inhibitors of DNA polymerase kappa
Authors: Christopher B. Sullivan, Irina G. Minko, Kinrin Yamanaka, Amanda K. McCullough, Stephen Lloyd
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background and Purpose: The therapeutic effect of many anticancer agents is due to induction of replication-blocking DNA lesions. Human DNA polymerase kappa (pol κ) is a trans-lesion synthesis polymerase that can catalyze direct replication past minor groove lesions, such as the one induced by mitomycin C. Pol κ has been found to be upregulated in ∼70% of gliomas and its upregulation associated with poorer prognosis in glioma patients. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors of pol κ in combination with chemotherapy may be useful in the treatment of cancer with upregulated pol κ expression. Methodology: Lead hits were initially identified from a screen of a library of ∼400,000 compounds at 5 different concentrations, using a strand-displacement DNA synthesis approach. From several thousand potential hits, these were systematically triaged, with 335 potential inhibitors of pol κ identified for further analyses. A direct, gel-based primer extension assay was used to test for inhibitory effects of these 335 bioactive compounds. In this assay, pol κ was preincubated with individual compounds, and added to 32P-labeled DNA substrate to initiate primer extensions. The reactions were incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature and terminated by the addition of a DNA-denaturing solution. The products were then separated through a 15% acrylamide gel and visualized with a PhosphorImager screen. Compounds that significantly inhibited the polymerization activity of pol κ were further tested for the ability to intercalate into DNA by incubation with double-stranded DNA for 15 minutes at room temperature, followed by separation through a 1% agarose gel. DNA was stained with ethidium bromide and visualized by Alpha Innotech ChemiImager. Results: Through a series of rigorous triaging procedures, this investigation identified a total of 42 small molecule inhibitors of pol κ with the estimated potencies being the low micromolar range or less. All 42 compounds were confirmed not to exhibit their inhibitory effects through DNA intercalation. These compounds need to be further tested with other members of the Y family polymerase to ensure their specificity to pol κ and determine if they are amenable to medicinal chemistry. Conclusion: Further investigation and characterization of these compounds will allow for a more efficient therapeutic approach in patients who have upregulated pol κ receiving chemotherapy. Citation Format: Christopher B. Sullivan, Irina G. Minko, Kinrin Yamanaka, Amanda K. McCullough, Stephen Lloyd. Identification of the potential inhibitors of DNA polymerase kappa. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3235. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3235
Complete Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Is Effective and Durable Treatment for Barrett's-Associated Neoplasia
Authors: Vani J A Konda, Mariano Gonzalez Haba Ruiz, Ann Koons, John Hart, Shu-Yuan Xiao, Uzma D Siddiqui, Mark K Ferguson, Mitchell Posner, Marco G Patti, Irving Waxman
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
AN ANEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH A FISH TAPEWORM (DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM) INFESTATION
Authors: THOMAS N. HUNNICUTT
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Many cases of infestation by the fish tapeworm have been reported in this country, principally in localities settled by emigrants from the Scandinavian countries. Magath, 1 in a recent paper on the Relation of Diphyllobothrium latum infestation to the public health, reviewed the literature exhaustively from the point of view of the mode of spread and the incidence of the foreign, as well as of the native, cases. He showed that the prediction of Stiles, 2 made more than a quarter of a century ago, that the infestation would soon become endemic in this country was now fully realized.  Magath asserts that the anemia of the fish tapeworm host, when it occurs, is always of the primary type. He points out, however, that this is a very rare condition unless the literature of Finland is examined. Even then the incidence there, as reported by Ehrstrom, 3 ranges from 1 in
Meta-analysis: Effect of Prophylactic Hematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors on Mortality and Outcomes of Infection
Authors: Lillian Sung, Paul C. Nathan, Shabbir M.H. Alibhai, George A. Tomlinson, Joseph Beyene
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Background: Benefits of prophylactic hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) in adults and children receiving cancer chemotherapy or undergoing stem-cell transplantation (SCT) are unclear. Purpose: To determine whether prophylactic CSFs decrease mortality, infections, and febrile neutropenia more than does placebo or no therapy in patients with cancer and in patients undergoing SCT. Data Sources: Electronic searches of Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception until April 2007 and of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until the second quarter of 2006. Study Selection: We selected 148 trials that were reported in any language that randomly assigned patients to CSFs or to either placebo or no therapy. Prophylactic CSFs were given concurrently with or after initiation of chemotherapy. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data onto standardized forms. Data Synthesis: Short-term all-cause mortality appeared to be similar between the prophylactic CSF and the control groups (7.6% vs. 8.0%; relative risk, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.84 to 1.08]; absolute risk reduction, 0.4% [CI, −0.5% to 1.4%]). Risks for infection-related death with CSFs and placebo or no therapy were 3.1% and 3.8%, respectively (relative risk, 0.82 [CI, 0.66 to 1.02]; absolute risk reduction, 0.8% [CI, 0.0% to 1.5%]). Use of CSFs reduced the following more than did placebo or no therapy: documented infections (median rate, 38.9% vs. 43.1%; rate ratio, 0.85 [CI, 0.79 to 0.92]), microbiologically documented infections (median rate, 23.5% vs. 28.6%; rate ratio, 0.86 [CI, 0.77 to 0.96]), and episodes of febrile neutropenia (median rate, 25.3% vs. 44.2%; rate ratio, 0.71 [CI, 0.63 to 0.80]). Limitations: Trial designs, including assessments of infections, and participants were heterogeneous. Estimates of mortality effects were imprecise. Conclusions: Prophylactic CSFs may have little or no effect on mortality but do decrease rates of infection in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy or those undergoing SCT.
Characteristic Appearance on Bone Scintigraphy of a ???Stone Man???
Authors: Vivek Trikha, Rakesh Kumar, Shah Alam Khan, Shishir Rastogi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), also known as "stone man disease," is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disorder. Its incidence is reported to be approximately 1 in 2 million people. The disease is characterized by progressive replacement of fascia, tendons, muscles, and ligaments by bone, leading to encasement of the skeleton within a "new extra skeleton." It usually appears in the first decade of life, more commonly in males. In the early stages, it may be associated with tender swellings in the muscles. There is no definitive therapy or effective prevention for this condition. We present a case of FOP with its characteristic bone scan appearances. Bone scan helps in the diagnosis of this rare disease, thus protecting the patient from unnecessary biopsies and confusion regarding its diagnosis.
Safety and tolerability of three consecutive bronchoscopies after allergen challenge in volunteers with mild asthma
Authors: H H Kariyawasam, M Aizen, A B. Kay, D S Robinson
Journal: Thorax (2007)

Lung cancer in HIV infected patientsSince the beginning of the AIDS epidemic our group has contributed to improving the knowledge concerning the impact of HIV infection in the lung.Several of these contributions have been published in Thorax as editorials, 1-3 original articles 4 5 and a review. 6In continuing this effort, we have recently published in Thorax a review entitled ''Lung cancer in HIV infected patients: facts, questions and challenges''. 7The main objective of this educational review was to alert pulmonologists to a possible increase in the incidence of lung cancer in the HIV-positive population and to underline the facts that lung cancer occurs particularly in young subjects, may be less directly related to smoking and is probably associated with a worse outcome.This review included 103 references which were almost all original articles, six of which were from our group.However, during the time between submitting it to Thorax and publication in the journal, another review on the same topic was also published by our group in Lung Cancer. 8Even though there are strong similarities between the content of these two articles, the form of them is totally different.Furthermore, the review published in Thorax contained 29 additional references which were discussed in the paper.Unfortunately, during the process of reviewing the proof we omitted to include the article in press in Lung Cancer.
UK doctors vote on industrial action for first time in 37 years
Authors: H. Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

More than 100 000 doctors across the United Kingdom are being asked to vote on whether they are prepared to provide only urgent and emergency care for 24 hours in protest at the government’s changes to the NHS pension scheme.

Should the BMA call for industrial action at the end of the month, doctors will have to attend their usual places of work as scheduled on the day of action but will undertake only treatments that cannot safely be postponed to another day.

Outpatient and GP appointments, non-urgent elective surgery, management meetings, and non-urgent administrative work would all be cancelled during the day of action.

The BMA says that the government’s plans to alter the NHS pension scheme …
XYLENE IN THE TREATMENT OF PEDICULOSIS
Authors: Charles Ferguson
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The eradication of pediculi is a comparatively simple matter when the patients are under proper supervision and if the living conditions under which they became infested can be remedied. In the case of merchant seamen it is often difficult to apply appropriate remedies. Medical inspection is absent or deficient on many ships. The men are of necessity in the same quarters for several weeks. Practically always there is a member of the crew who is indifferent and careless in his personal hygiene, and as a result the remainder of the crew are persistently plagued with vermin.  Pediculosis pubis is the chief offender. It is not so noticeable as the corporis variety and does not cause the same amount of itching. Seamen often appear at the marine hospitals literally covered with these parasites. At the United States Marine Hospital, Ellis Island, we have cases on record in which the eyebrows, all
Randomised trial of ambulatory oxygen in oxygen-dependent COPD
Authors: Y Lacasse, R Lecours, C Pelletier, R Bégin, F Maltais
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

We would like to thank T.L. Petty for his interesting comments regarding our trial of ambulatory oxygen (AO) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1].The question raised by T.L. Petty was the following: when is the best time to initiate AO in oxygen-dependent COPD?He suggested AO should be provided as early as possible after the introduction of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) to avoid rapid adjustment to the limitations imposed by the stationary oxygen delivery system.
Gene Therapy of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Restores Delayed Wound Healing in Type 1 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Jian-Dong Luo, Ying-Ying Wang, Wei-Ling Fu, Jun Wu, Alex F. Chen
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency contributes to diabetic wound healing impairment. The present study tested the hypothesis that increased cutaneous superoxide (O 2 − ) levels in type 1 diabetic mice cause NO deficiency and delayed wound healing. Methods and Results— Wound healing was markedly delayed in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice compared with the normal controls. There were significantly reduced levels of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein and constitutive NOS activity in diabetic wounds, whereas O 2 − levels were markedly increased. A single regimen of cutaneous gene therapy of eNOS or manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) restored such healing delay, with a concomitant suppression of wound O 2 − levels and augmentation of both eNOS protein and constitutive NOS activity. Gene therapy of MnSOD also increased cutaneous MnSOD activity. Cutaneous O 2 − levels were also increased in Ins2 Akita diabetic mice. In vitro glucose treatment of cutaneous tissues from normal mice for 24 hours increased O 2 − levels in a concentration-dependent manner. The enhanced cutaneous O 2 − levels induced by high glucose in both normal and diabetic mice were abolished by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin and the protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine. Furthermore, ex vivo gene transfer of dominant-negative HA-tagged N17Rac1, which inhibits NADPH oxidase subunit Rac1, significantly inhibited cutaneous O 2 − formation induced by high glucose in both normal and Ins2 Akita diabetic mice. Conclusions— These results indicate that hyperglycemia augments cutaneous O 2 − levels, at least in part, via NADPH oxidase and protein kinase C pathways, resulting in impaired wound healing in type 1 diabetic mice. Gene therapy strategies aimed at restoring cutaneous NO bioavailability may provide an effective means to ameliorate delayed diabetic wound healing.
Differences in Treatment and Outcome After Treatment with Curative Intent in the Screening and Control Arms of the ERSPC Rotterdam
Authors: Leonard P. Bokhorst, Ries Kranse, Lionne D.F. Venderbos, Jolanda W. Salman, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Fritz H. Schröder, Chris H. Bangma, Monique J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Prostaglandin E1 infusions for vascular insufficiency in progressive systemic sclerosis.
Authors: M F Martin, P M Dowd, E F Ring, E D Cooke, P A Dieppe, J D Kirby
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Twelve patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) and severe Raynaud's phenomenon received infusions of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) at a dose of 6-10 ng/kg/min, with either saline or 5% dextrose, for 72 hours in a single-blind cross-over study. The infusions were administered intravenously by centrally positioned catheters. Infusions were well tolerated with only mild side effects. Following the PGE1 infusion cold tolerance improved and attacks of Raynaud's phenomenon were less frequent, less severe, and shorter in duration. This subjective improvement was maintained for several weeks in most patients, and 2 noted healing of ischaemic ulcers. There was no significant change in objective measurements of hand function after either infusion. However, pain measured on a 10 cm visual analogue scale improved 2.19 cm with PGE1 and only 0.91 cm with normal saline (P less than 0.05). Temperature of the fingers and hands recorded by thermography did not change significantly with saline infusions, but did rise during PGE1 infusions (mean rise 2.0 degrees C at 48 hours, p less than 0.001), and was maintained when measured again 2 weeks later (mean rise 1.56 degrees C, p less 0.001). PGE1 may therefore be suitable treatment for Raynaud's phenomenon and the vascular insufficiency of systemic sclerosis and other connective tissue diseases.
Differences in diagnostic criteria for gastric carcinoma between Japanese and Western pathologists
Authors: Ronald J Schlemper, Masayuki Itabashi, Yo Kato, Klaus J Lewin, Robert H Riddell, Tadakazu Shimoda, Pentti Sipponen, Manfred Stolte, Hidenobu Watanabe, Hiroshi Takahashi, Rikiya Fujita
Journal: The Lancet (1997)
Citizens' alliance condemns EC report as “undocumented” and “biased”
Authors: Ray Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2007)

UK NEWS Scientists plead for right to create interspecies embryos, p1238 World NEWS US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� bmj.com �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers
Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: How Presentation of Recurrence Risk Influences Decision-Making
Authors: Celia Chao, Jamie L. Studts, Troy Abell, Terence Hadley, Lynne Roetzer, Sean Dineen, Doug Lorenz, Ahmed YoussefAgha, Kelly M. McMasters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of four methods of communicating survival benefits on chemotherapy decisions. We hypothesized that the four methods of communicating mathematically equivalent risk information would lead to different chemotherapy decisions.Each participant received two hypothetical scenarios regarding their mother (a postmenopausal woman with an invasive, lymph node-negative, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer) and was asked to decide whether they would encourage their mother to take chemotherapy in addition to surgery and tamoxifen. In the part 1, participants received one of four methods of describing the chemotherapy survival benefit: (1) relative risk reduction, (2) absolute risk reduction, (3) absolute survival benefit, or (4) number needed to treat. In part 2, each participant received all four methods. Following each decision, participants were asked to rate their confidence and confusion regarding their decision.Participants included 203 preclinical medical students. In part 1, participants who received relative risk reduction information were significantly more likely to endorse chemotherapy. In part 2, there were no treatment decision differences when participants received all four methods of communicating survival benefits of chemotherapy. However, receiving all four methods led to significantly higher ratings of confusion. In deciding on endorsing chemotherapy, participants understood the information best when presented with data in the absolute survival benefit format.These results support the hypothesis that the method used to present information about chemotherapy influences treatment decisions. Absolute survival benefit is the most easily understood method of conveying the information regarding benefit of treatment.