tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of angiotensin II on the blood flow and its distribution in fetal lambs.
Authors: H S Iwamoto, A M Rudolph
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied the effects of intravenous infusion of angiotensin II on the circulation of the fetus in lambs in utero through chronically maintained intravascular catheters. Angiotensin II infused in doses of 29-280 ng/min per kg fetal weight resulted in an increase in plasma angiotensin II from a control value of 87 +/- 17 to 341 +/- 129 (mean +/- SE) pg/ml; these levels are similar to those observed following hemorrhage in fetal lambs. Fetal mean arterial blood pressure increased from 46 +/- 2.0 to 56 +/- 2.7 torr and fetal heart rate increased from 172 +/- 6 to 189 +/- 6 beats/min, an effect which was not altered by beta-adrenergic or cholinergic blockade. Fetal cardiac output and its distribution were measured before and during infusion of angiotensin II by the radionuclide-labeled microsphere technique. Combined ventricular output increased significantly from 526 +/- 32 to 616 +/- 24 ml/min per kg fetal body weight. Angiotensin constricted the umbilical-placental circulation as well as the gastrointestinal, renal, and thyroidal vascular beds. Angiotensin increased blood flow to the myocardium and markedly increased blood flow to the pulmonary circulation. These studies indicate that angiotensin II, at the plasma levels achieved with moderate hemorrhage, has marked influences on the circulation. The renin-angiotensin system may be important in the fetal response to stress.
SEREX identification of new tumour-associated antigens in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: T.B. Hartmann, D. Thiel, R. Dummer, D. Schadendorf, S. Eichmuller
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a clonal lymphoproliferative disorder of mainly CD4+ T cells, with primary manifestation in the skin.To detect new CTCL-associated antigens for immunological therapies and to define their specificity in terms of RNA expression and seroreactivity.A newly constructed CTCL cDNA phage library was screened and cross-reactivities against the detected clones were tested using 15 mycosis fungoides and six Sézary syndrome sera. The mRNA expression of the identified genes was analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using 22 tumour tissues, nine cell lines and up to 29 different types of normal tissue.We identified nine different tumour antigens (HD-CL-01 to HD-CL-09) of which seven clones had high homology to genes with known functions. Several of these genes had previously been associated with cancer, namely inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 5-phosphatase, vimentin, aldose reductase and elongation factor-1alpha. Variations in the deduced protein sequences were observed in three cases, mostly due to variations in protein length. The individual clones were recognized by up to 56% of patients' sera, while control sera were negative except in one case. Using RT-PCR, we found a frequent expression of these new tumour antigens in tumour specimens (26-100%). In contrast to humoral specificity, specific mRNA was also detected in selected normal tissues (29-89%).SEREX (serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning) identified multiple tumour-associated antigens in CTCL. The serological specificity and the high percentage of reactive sera of CTCL patients against several clones suggest these genes as potential targets for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
Cytokine production by endothelial cells infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I.
Authors: H Takashima, K Eguchi, A Kawakami, Y Kawabe, K Migita, M Sakai, T Origuchi, S Nagataki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) to infect endothelial cells and induce cytokine production by these cells. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cocultured with HTLV-I infected T cell line (MT-2 cells) or uninfected T cell line (CEM cells). RESULTS: Following coculture with MT-2 cells, endothelial cells expressed HTLV-I specific core antigens. Endothelial cells cocultured with MT-2 cells produced significant amounts of several cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-6, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), compared with endothelial cells cocultured with CEM cells. Coculturing of endothelial cells with MT-2 and CEM cells failed to produce detectable amounts of IL-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The production of cytokines by endothelial cells cocultured with MT-2 cells was more persistent than that by endothelial cells cocultured with CEM cells after several passages. Furthermore, the production was blocked by cocultivation of endothelial cells and MT-2 cells using the Millicell system. Finally, after cocultivation of endothelial cells and MT-2 cells, endothelial cells positive for HTLV-I antigen were stained by anti-GM-CSF antibody. CONCLUSIONS: HTLV-I can infect endothelial cells, resulting in their active production of several cytokines, such as IL-1 alpha, IL-6, G-CSF, and GM-CSF. These findings strongly suggest that the excess production of these cytokines by HTLV-I infected endothelial cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of HTLV-I associated inflammatory diseases.
Funding of drug treatment of multiple sclerosis should not be delayed
Authors: D W Paty
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Because a large proportion of the Austrian population has been infected with SARS-CoV-2 during high incidence periods in winter 2021/2022, up-to-date estimates of seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are required to inform upcoming public health policies. <h3>Methods</h3> We quantified anti-Spike IgG antibody levels in 22,607 individuals that donated blood between October 2021 and April 2022 across Tyrol, Austria (participation rate: 96.0%). <h3>Results</h3> Median age of participants was 45.3 years (IQR: 30.9-55.1); 41.9% were female. From October 2021 to April 2022, seropositivity increased from 84.9% (95% CI: 83.8–86.0%) to 95.8% (94.9–96.4%) and the geometric mean anti-Spike IgG levels among seropositive participants increased from 283 (95% CI: 271–296) to 1437 (1360–1518) BAU/mL. The percentages of participants in categories with undetectable levels, and detectable levels at &lt;500, 500–&lt;1000, 1000–&lt;2000, 2000–&lt;3000, and ≥3,000 BAU/mL were 15%, 54%, 15%, 10%, 3%, and 3% in October 2021 vs. 4%, 18%, 17%, 18%, 11%, and 32% in April 2022. Of 2711 participants that had repeat measurements taken a median 4.2 months apart, 61.8% moved to a higher, 13.9% to a lower, and 24.4% remained in the same category. Among seropositive participants, antibody levels were 16.8-fold in vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated individuals (95% CI: 14.2–19.9; <i>p-</i>value &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in terms of seropositivity and average antibody levels has increased markedly during the winter 2021/2022 SARS-CoV-2 waves in Tyrol, Austria.
The Predictive Value of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Stage 0-p
Authors: Ramsey R. Hachem, Murali M. Chakinala, Roger D. Yusen, John P. Lynch, Aviva A. Aloush, G. Alexander Patterson, Elbert P. Trulock
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) remains the main cause of graft loss after lung transplantation. Stage 0-p was recently added to the staging criteria to detect early deterioration in allograft function that might presage BOS stage 1. We assessed the predictive value of stage 0-p by retrospectively analyzing spirometric data for 203 adult bilateral lung transplant recipients. The FEV(1) criterion for stage 0-p had a positive predictive value of 79% and a negative predictive value of 82%. In contrast, the FEF(25-75%) criterion for stage 0-p had a positive predictive value of 52% and a negative predictive value of 72%. Fifty-seven percent of subjects who developed stage 0-p by the FEV(1) criterion progressed to stage 1 within 1 year, whereas only 37% of those who developed stage 0-p by the FEF(25-75%) criterion progressed to stage 1 within 1 year. We conclude that the FEV(1) criterion for stage 0-p is a reasonable predictor of BOS stage 1 after bilateral lung transplantation, but the FEF(25-75%) criterion for stage 0-p is not predictive of BOS stage 1 after bilateral lung transplantation.
Phenotypic heterogeneity is an evolutionarily conserved feature of the endothelium
Authors: Kiichiro Yano, Daniel Gale, Steffen Massberg, Pavan K. Cheruvu, Rita Monahan-Earley, Ellen S. Morgan, David Haig, Ulrich H. von Andrian, Ann M. Dvorak, William C. Aird
Journal: Blood (2006)
The hemodynamic effects of prostaglandins in the rat. Evidence for important species variation in renovascular responses.
Authors: J G Gerber, A S Nies
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The hemodynamic effects of prostaglandins E2, F2alpha, D2, and I2, and of indomethacin and arachidonic acid were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats, by means of the radioactive microsphere technique. In contrast to effects in other species, PGE2, PGD2, and arachidonic acid were renal vasoconstrictors in the rat, although PGE2 and arachidonic acid reduced total vascular resistance. PGF2alpha and indomethacin had no effect on the renal vasculature, but PGI2 produced renal and systemic vasodilation. These data indicate that if prostaglandin-mediated renal vasodilation occurs in the rat, PGI2 may be the substance responsible. In view of the species differences in renal vascular responses to the prostaglandins, the rat may not be an appropriate model for study of the prostaglandin system as it relates to other species.
Pepys and blood transfusion?
Authors: D F Scott
Journal: BMJ (2004)

On 21 November 1667, Samuel Pepys was in discussion with colleagues at the Tavern in St. Clements Churchyard and:

they discourse of a man that is a little frantic (that hath been a kind of minister, Dr. Wilkins saying that he hath read for him in his church) that is poor and a debauched man, that the College have hired for 20 s to have some of the …
The Theory of Kent
Authors: MAURICE LEV, RUTH LERNER
Journal: Circulation (1955)

This is an anatomic study of an alternate theory of conduction, first advanced by Kent, that conduction from atria to ventricles is by way of numerous muscular communications, rather than exclusively through the bundle of His. The entire atrioventricular rings of 22 fetal and newborn hearts, in addition to the A-V node, bundle and bundle branches in five adult hearts, were serially sectioned. No muscular communications outside the conduction system were found. Communications between the A-V node, bundle and left bundle branch with the ventricular musculature were frequently found in the fetus, and less commonly in the adult.
A STUDY OF SCARLET FEVER AT HIGH ALTITUDES.Read in the Section on Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco. June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: J. N. HALL
Journal: JAMA (1894)

I will cite a case of mouth breathing and hypertrophic rhinitis :Mr. E., who had been a sufferer from what he called asthma for more than a year was a mouth breather.He called it asthma because as he stated his nose became so full at times that he could hardly breathe through it at all.On inspection the nasal passage seemed entirely obstructed.After several applications of cocain, a 2 per cent, solution, there was considerable contraction of the mucous mem¬
CROSS-IMMUNITY BETWEEN BRUCELLA MELITENSIS AND MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Sanford S. Elberg, Patricia Schneider, Jacob Fong
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

A non-specific element has been demonstrated in the resistance of monocytes derived from immunized rabbits. Vaccination by BCG or by an effective anti-brucellosis reagent induces protection in either case against both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Brucella melitensis when studied by the monocyte culture method. The activity of the antiserum required to demonstrate the resistance of the monocyte is not affected when the agglutinating action of the anti-Brucella rabbit serum is removed by absorption. The ability of the monocytes from specifically immunized rabbits to retard the growth of virulent Brucella was demonstrated, not as an all-or-none phenomenon, but in the light of the unrestricted bacterial multiplication which occurs in monocytes from normal animals.
Anaphylactic shock after first exposure to gadoterate meglumine: Two case reports documented by positive allergy assessment
Authors: Frédéric Hasdenteufel, Samuel Luyasu, Jean-Marie Renaudin, Jean-Louis Paquay, Giuseppe Carbutti, Etienne Beaudouin, Denise Anne Moneret-Vautrin, Gisèle Kanny
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Maximizing the Information from Thallium Studies
Authors: JOSEPH R. LOGIC
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

The clinical role of maximizing the value of T1-201 scintigraphy, both at rest and during a graded exercise tolerance test, as well as variations on that theme, have been described. Technical aspects of scintigraphy have been reviewed in view of the many complex properties of this radionuclide, including photon detection and attenuation. Rest studies may be important in acute myocardial infarction to predict complications, survival, and reoccurrence. The potential for stress testing has been emphasized, as well as the apparent problems of such studies in patients at high-risk, such as those with definite angina and post-coronary by-pass surgery. A comprehensive approach to the complementary or exclusionary nature of T1-201 (or other potential myocardial perfusion imaging agents) and ventricular function analysis using radionuclide techniques will be left to the present and future seers, which, of course, hopefully include this author and his associates.
Gene mutations and treatment outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from the CLL8 trial
Authors: Stephan Stilgenbauer, Andrea Schnaiter, Peter Paschka, Thorsten Zenz, Marianna Rossi, Konstanze Döhner, Andreas Bühler, Sebastian Böttcher, Matthias Ritgen, Michael Kneba, Dirk Winkler, Eugen Tausch, Patrick Hoth, Jennifer Edelmann, Daniel Mertens, Lars Bullinger, Manuela Bergmann, Sabrina Kless, Silja Mack, Ulrich Jäger, Nancy Patten, Lin Wu, Michael K. Wenger, Günter Fingerle-Rowson, Peter Lichter, Mario Cazzola, Clemens M. Wendtner, Anna M. Fink, Kirsten Fischer, Raymonde Busch, Michael Hallek, Hartmut Döhner
Journal: Blood (2014)
Correlation of Initial PSA Level and Biopsy Features with PSA-Doubling Time in Early Stage Prostate Cancers in Japanese Men
Authors: Yoshiyuki Kakehi, Toshiyuki Kamoto, Taizo Shiraishi, Tetsuro Kato, Ken-ichi Tobisu, Koichiro Akakura, Shin Egawa, Osamu Maeda, Yoshiteru Sumiyoshi, Yoichi Arai, Osamu Ogawa
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Mortality in a region surrounding an arsenic emitting plant
Authors: Göran Pershagen, Carl-Gustaf Elinder, Anne-Marie Bolander
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

The purpose of the investigation is to study whether an increased mortality from certain causes exists in an area around the Rönnskärsverken smelter works in northern Sweden. Founded in 1928, this metallurgical plant processing mainly nonferrous metals has since its initial operations been using ore with a high arsenic content. This has resulted in environmental pollution to air and water of arsenic, as well as other metals and sulfur dioxide. The causes of death for the population of two parishes in the vicinity of the plant were listed from the National Sedish Register on Death Causes. A reference area in the same part of Sweden with similar degree of urbanization, occupational profile, and age distribution was chosen. The causes of death for the two populations were followed during a period of 14 yr. A significantly higher mortality rate for lung cancer was noted in men in the exposed area. However, this increase was no longer significant when the occupationally exposed at Rönnskärsverken were excluded. The latter showed a highly significant excess mortality due to primary respiratory cancer.A continuation of this investigation in the form of a cohort study of both the mortality and cancer incidence is currently under way.
Japan apologises for HIV infected blood products
Authors: R. Guest
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The Japanese health minister, Naoto Kan, apologised last week to people with haemophilia who have become HIV positive through infected blood products. Mr Kan's apology marked the first time that the government has admitted its culpability in failing to introduce heat treatment for blood products. The use of heat treated blood products could have saved 1800 Japanese people with haemophilia from becoming HIV positive.

“Representing the ministry, I offer you heartfelt apologies,” Mr Kan told 200 HIV positive haemophilic people and their families who had been demonstrating for three days outside Tokyo's health ministry. The demonstrators interpreted the minister's …
A poliomyelitis survey the simple way: the Tanzanian experience.
Authors: A B Cross, R H Webber
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A simple cost effective survey to assess the need for a rehabilitation service for individuals disabled by poliomyelitis was carried out making the maximum use of the existing government administration. The field team consisted solely of a medical officer and a health officer. The prevalence rate for paralytic poliomyelitis in the Mbeya region of Tanzania was 2.95/1000 persons. The rate for children under 10 years was 1.15/1000, suggesting that the expanded immunisation programme started in 1977 was being successful. With approximately 4000 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis in the Mbeya region a rehabilitation service would seem to be justified. If poliomyelitis surveys are required for rehabilitation purposes they must include all age groups. In this survey, had only school children been considered, as recommended by the World Health Organisation, two thirds of the cases would have been excluded, thereby hardly justifying a rehabilitation service.
Studies on the gastric mucosal microcirculation. 2.<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> water soluble extracts induce platelet aggregation in the gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo
Authors: N Kalia, S Jacob, N J Brown, M W R Reed, D Morton, K D Bardhan
Journal: Gut (1997)

Background —The exact mechanisms by which Helicobacter pylori infection results in gastric mucosal injury are unclear. Aims —To assess in vivo whether H pylori extracts could initiate an inflammatory response in the rat gastric mucosal microcirculation. Methods —Extracts of H pylori, Escherichia coli , or distilled water were administered topically to the gastric mucosa of anaesthetised animals. Fluorescence in vivo microscopy assessed macromolecular leakage of labelled albumin from mucosal vessels, leucocyte adherence/rolling, and platelet activity for 90 minutes. Results — H pylori induced increases (p&lt;0.001) in adherent platelet thrombi and circulating platelet emboli after five and 15 minutes respectively. Adherent platelet thrombi (mean of four per field of view) remained significantly increased throughout the experiment, but circulating emboli (maximum of five at 30 minutes) decreased with time. Leucocyte adherence did not occur although early transient rolling was observed. An 11% increase (p&lt;0.02) in albumin leakage occurred after five minutes only. The induction of platelet aggregation was only observed following H pylori administration. Conclusion —This in vivo study demonstrated the ability of H pylori extracts to promote platelet aggregation within gastric mucosal microvessels. Recruitment of leucocytes was not observed. The results suggest that the early events associated with H pylori infection are platelet aggregation with perhaps subsequent leucocyte recruitment by activated platelets.
Targeting expression of a transgene to the airway surface epithelium using a ciliated cell-specific promoter
Authors: Lawrence E Ostrowski, James R Hutchins, Kelly Zakel, Wanda K O'Neal
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Many of the vectors being investigated for gene therapy utilize viral promoters or promoters from ubiquitously expressed genes (e.g., CMV, beta-actin). These promoters are active in many cell types and generally result in high levels of transgene expression. However, the use of these promoters for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis (CF) may produce undesirable effects by directing high levels of CFTR expression in cells that normally do not synthesize this protein. In contrast, a vector containing a ciliated cell-specific promoter and delivered to the lung would be active only in the ciliated cells that line the surface of the airways. Ciliated cells express CFTR and are in direct contact with the airway surface liquid normally regulated by CFTR. To develop a ciliated cell-specific promoter for CF gene therapy, we have characterized the promoter region of the FOXJ1 gene, a transcription factor required for ciliated cell differentiation. A fragment of the human FOXJ1 promoter region was inserted into an EGFP expression cassette and used to produce transgenic mice. Transgene-positive animals demonstrated strong EGFP expression in the ciliated cells of tracheal, bronchial, and nasal epithelium. Our results demonstrate that elements within the FOXJ1 promoter region are sufficient to target expression of transgenes to ciliated cells and may be useful for gene therapy of CF.
Medicine responds to terrorism in the US
Authors: R. M Davis
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Adefining event in the history of a people can be said to occur when virtually everyone remembers where they were—and what they were doing—when they heard news of the event. In my lifetime, the first defining event was the assassination of President John F Kennedy. The second occurred on 11 September 2001.

> Our human spirit is renewed when we see selfless and tireless efforts… 

On that day, at 8 20 am Eastern Standard Time, I arrived at a hotel in Washington, DC, on Pennsylvania Avenue, about two blocks from the White House. I was to participate as a representative of the American Medical Association in a press conference hosted by the World Health Organization. The WHO was preparing to release a global strategy for containment of antimicrobial resistance.

Shortly after 9 am, about an hour before the scheduled start of the press conference, we heard the horrific news of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, soon to be followed by an attack on the Pentagon just outside Washington. …
EARLY AND MIDTERM OUTCOMES OF MITRAL REPAIR ARE SUPERIOR TO MITRAL REPLACEMENT IN OCTOGENARIANS
Authors: Joanna Chikwe, Jurgen Passage, Anelechi Anyanwu, Andrew B. Goldstone, Javier G. Castillo, Federico Milla, Jurgen Seeburger, Friedrich Mohr, David H. Adams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Targeted disruption of Zfp36l2, encoding a CCCH tandem zinc finger RNA-binding protein, results in defective hematopoiesis
Authors: Deborah J. Stumpo, Hal E. Broxmeyer, Toni Ward, Scott Cooper, Giao Hangoc, Yang Jo Chung, William C. Shelley, Eric K. Richfield, Manas K. Ray, Mervin C. Yoder, Peter D. Aplan, Perry J. Blackshear
Journal: Blood (2009)
The management of pancreatic cancer. Current expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 8th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, Barcelona, 2006
Authors: C. Verslype, E. Van Cutsem, M. Dicato, S. Cascinu, D. Cunningham, E. Diaz-Rubio, B. Glimelius, D. Haller, K. Haustermans, V. Heinemann, P. Hoff, P.G. Johnston, D. Kerr, R. Labianca, C. Louvet, B. Minsky, M. Moore, B. Nordlinger, S. Pedrazzoli, A. Roth, M. Rothenberg, P. Rougier, H.-J. Schmoll, J. Tabernero, M. Tempero, C. van de Velde, J.-L. Van Laethem, J. Zalcberg
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)