tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-217: Lycopene and gene expression in benign prostate: a phase II randomized trial
Authors: Peter H. Gann, Yang Dai, Angeline Antonio Giangreco, Ryan Deaton, Richard van Breemen, Yi Lu, Erika Enk Rueter, Larisa Nonn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Previous research indicates that lycopene and associated compounds in tomato foods could have cancer chemopreventive properties in the prostate. Pre-clinical and clinical studies provide support for mechanisms involving androgen or IGF-1 regulation, oxidative stress response, inflammation and DNA repair. We undertook a 6-month repeat biopsy trial in men with HGPIN, randomly assigned to consume placebo or LycoMato® capsules, a tomato oleoresin containing 30 mg/day of lycopene. Benign epithelium from fixed prostate biopsy sections (pre- and post-treatment) was laser capture microdissected and RNA was extracted. We reverse transcribed RNA and pre-amplified for 92 target and 4 housekeeping (HK) genes. Pre-amped RNA was loaded unto custom Taqman® Low Density Arrays for qPCR quantitation. For each gene, Ct values were standardized to the mean HK gene values and fold-change (RV, relative value) in expression between baseline and follow-up was determined. Evaluable data was obtained from 16 lycopene subjects and 22 placebo controls. Serum lycopene increased by 83.3% on average in the active group and declined by 35.0% in the placebo group, although changes varied considerably across subjects. Individual gene comparisons by assigned group revealed statistically significant relative downregulation of DDB1, SOD3, and CXCL12 in the lycopene group. Expression changes in GCLC a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione synthesis and an NRF2 oxidative stress response gene - were positively correlated with serum lycopene changes (Spearman R = 0.42, P = 0.009). Ongoing gene set analysis, by sum of Wilcoxon signed-rank and permutation tests, thus far suggest non-significant trends for treatment effects in the androgen, DNA repair and oxidative stress response gene groups. Initial results from unsupervised hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis for 34 genes with the highest variance showed evidence for classification by treatment group. Among all subjects, baseline serum lycopene was inversely correlated with baseline expression of AMACR, XRCC1, ERCC3, and OGG1 (R −0.32 to −0.38, P &amp;lt; .05). Follow-up studies on protein expression of key targets using immunohistochemistry are underway. The results from this small but unique trial demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and so far indicate that long-term lycopene status may be associated with down-regulation of DNA repair genes in benign prostate and that a 6-month intervention could cause changes in expression of genes and gene sets selected a priori. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-217. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-217
A CASE OF POROKERATOSIS OF MIBELLI
Authors: M. SYDNEY THOMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1932)

Journal Article A CASE OF POROKERATOSIS OF MIBELLI Get access M. SYDNEY THOMSON, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P. M. SYDNEY THOMSON, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 44, Issue 11, 1 November 1932, Pages 544–545, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1932.tb09556.x Published: 01 November 1932
"ARCHIVES OF THERAPEUTICS"
Authors: Carl P. Sherwin
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —This is to inform you that the entire editorial staff of the<i>Archives of Therapeutics</i>had resigned previous to the publication of the November issue, although the names were retained on that number. Lack of support and cooperation on the part of the owners made it impossible to bring the publication up to the desired standard.
Arginine Vasopressin in Advanced Vasodilatory Shock
Authors: Martin W. Dünser, Andreas J. Mayr, Hanno Ulmer, Hans Knotzer, Günther Sumann, Werner Pajk, Barbara Friesenecker, Walter R. Hasibeder
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Vasodilatory shock is a potentially lethal complication of severe disease in critically ill patients. Currently, catecholamines are the most widely used vasopressor agents to support blood pressure, but loss of catecholamine pressor effects is a well-known clinical dilemma. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) has recently been shown to be a potent vasopressor agent to stabilize cardiocirculatory function even in patients with catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock. Methods and Results— Forty-eight patients with catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock were prospectively randomized to receive a combined infusion of AVP and norepinephrine (NE) or NE infusion alone. In AVP patients, AVP was infused at a constant rate of 4 U/h. Hemodynamic, acid/base, single-organ, and tonometrically derived gastric variables were reported before the study and 1, 12, 24, and 48 hours after study entry. For statistical analysis, a mixed-effects model was used. AVP patients had significantly lower heart rate, NE requirements, and incidence of new-onset tachyarrhythmias than NE patients. Mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume index, and left ventricular stroke work index were significantly higher in AVP patients. NE patients developed significantly more new-onset tachyarrhythmias than AVP patients (54.3% versus 8.3%). Gastrointestinal perfusion as assessed by gastric tonometry was better preserved in AVP-treated patients. Total bilirubin concentrations were significantly higher in AVP patients. Conclusions— The combined infusion of AVP and NE proved to be superior to infusion of NE alone in the treatment of cardiocirculatory failure in catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock.
Effect of increased availability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide precursor on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in normal subjects and in patients with essential hypertension.
Authors: J A Panza, P R Casino, D M Badar, A A Quyyumi
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Patients with essential hypertension have a deficit in the endothelium-derived nitric oxide system that results in impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation. The objective of this study was to determine whether this abnormality is caused by a deficiency of substrate for nitric oxide synthesis.The vascular responses to acetylcholine (an endothelium-dependent vasodilator infused at 7.5, 15, and 30 micrograms/min) and sodium nitroprusside (a direct smooth muscle dilator infused at 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 micrograms/min) were studied during combined administration of dextrose 5% or L-arginine (substrate for nitric oxide synthesis infused at 40 mumol/min) in 12 normal control subjects (seven men and five women; age, 49.3 +/- 7 years) and 14 hypertensive patients (nine men and five women; age, 48.4 +/- 7 years). In addition, the effect of D-arginine (stereoisomer of arginine that is not a precursor of nitric oxide) on the vascular responses to acetylcholine was studied in eight normal control subjects and seven hypertensive patients. Drugs were infused into the brachial artery, and the response of the forearm vasculature was measured by strain gauge plethysmography. The vasodilator response to acetylcholine was significantly blunted in hypertensive patients compared with normal control subjects (maximum flow, 8.9 +/- 5 versus 15.7 +/- 6 mL.min-1.100 mL-1, respectively; p < 0.007); however, no difference was observed in the response to sodium nitroprusside (11.4 +/- 6 and 11.7 +/- mL.min-1.100 mL-1, respectively). L-Arginine did not significantly change basal blood flow or vascular resistance in either group. In normal control subjects, the infusion of L-arginine significantly augmented the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (maximum flow, 15.7 +/- 6 versus 21.4 +/- 8 mL.min-1.100 mL-1 before and after L-arginine, respectively; p < 0.001). In contrast, in hypertensive patients, the infusion of L-arginine did not alter the response to acetylcholine (maximum flow, 8.9 +/- 5 and 8.4 +/- 4 mL.min-1.100 mL-1 before and after L-arginine, respectively). The administration of L-arginine did not modify the response to sodium nitroprusside in either group. Similarly, the infusion of D-arginine did not alter the response to acetylcholine in either group.In normal humans, availability of substrate for production of nitric oxide is a rate-limiting step for endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation. In contrast, increased availability of nitric oxide precursor does not modify endothelium-mediated vasodilation in hypertensive patients. These findings provide further evidence of a defect in the endothelium-derived nitric oxide system in hypertension and indicate that this abnormality is not related to decreased availability of substrate for nitric oxide production.
Aftermath of the ACS bombshell
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Although "an initial flurry of reaction" seems to be subsiding, the American Cancer Society (ACS) still is seeking to allay concern about its modified recommendations for early cancer detection checkups. The organization is holding press conferences, issuing news releases, writing to physicians, offering explanatory articles in its publications, and calling on its local divisions to help explain the revised guidelines. Officials of the ACS say the changes "are based on updated information about the development and progression of various cancers, and the costs, risks, and effectiveness of the tests and procedures available to detect them." Saul B. Gusberg, MD, DSc, the first gynecologist in some 25 years to be ACS president, emphasizes that "these are guidelines, not rules and regulations. Our overriding message to all patients is, 'Talk to your doctor about tests and guidelines, and ask questions.' Ultimately it is the physician who must decide what tests are necessary
Increased body mass index is associated with better short- but not long-term outcome following acute myocardial infarction despite an increased risk of recurrent events
Authors: Anil Nigam, Joseph G. Murphy, Ray W. Squires, Thomas G. Allison, Donald D. Hensrud, Brent A. Williams, Stephen L. Kopecky, R. Scott Wright
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Chaperoning G Protein-Coupled Receptors: From Cell Biology to Therapeutics
Authors: Ya-Xiong Tao, P. Michael Conn
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2014)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that traverse the plasma membrane seven times (hence, are also called 7TM receptors). The polytopic structure of GPCRs makes the folding of GPCRs difficult and complex. Indeed, many wild-type GPCRs are not folded optimally, and defects in folding are the most common cause of genetic diseases due to GPCR mutations. Both general and receptor-specific molecular chaperones aid the folding of GPCRs. Chemical chaperones have been shown to be able to correct the misfolding in mutant GPCRs, proving to be important tools for studying the structure-function relationship of GPCRs. However, their potential therapeutic value is very limited. Pharmacological chaperones (pharmacoperones) are potentially important novel therapeutics for treating genetic diseases caused by mutations in GPCR genes that resulted in misfolded mutant proteins. Pharmacoperones also increase cell surface expression of wild-type GPCRs; therefore, they could be used to treat diseases that do not harbor mutations in GPCRs. Recent studies have shown that indeed pharmacoperones work in both experimental animals and patients. High-throughput assays have been developed to identify new pharmacoperones that could be used as therapeutics for a number of endocrine and other genetic diseases.
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cognition
Authors: Erin S. LeBlanc, Jeri Janowsky, Benjamin K. S. Chan, Heidi D. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextSome observational data suggest that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia but results have been conflicting.ObjectiveTo review and evaluate studies of HRT for preventing cognitive decline and dementia in healthy postmenopausal women.Data SourcesStudies with English-language abstracts identified in MEDLINE (1966-August 2000), HealthSTAR (1975-August 2000, PsychINFO (1984-August 2000); Cochrane Library databases; and articles listed in reference lists of key articles.Study SelectionRandomized controlled trials and cohort studies were reviewed for the effects of HRT on cognitive decline; cohort and case-control studies were reviewed for dementia risk. No randomized controlled trials regarding dementia risk were identified.Data ExtractionTwenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria and were rated. Two reviewers rated study quality independently and 100% agreement was reached on Jadad scores and 80% agreement was reached on US Preventive Services Task Force quality scores. A final score was reached through consensus if reviewers disagreed.Data SynthesisStudies of cognition were not combined quantitatively because of heterogeneous study design. Women symptomatic from menopause had improvements in verbal memory, vigilance, reasoning, and motor speed, but no enhancement of other cognitive functions. Generally, no benefits were observed in asymptomatic women. A meta-analysis of observational studies suggested that HRT was associated with a decreased risk of dementia (summary odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.53-0.82). However, possible biases and lack of control for potential confounders limit interpretation of these studies. Studies did not contain enough information to assess adequately the effects of progestin use, various estrogen preparations or doses, or duration of therapy.ConclusionsIn women with menopausal symptoms, HRT may have specific cognitive effects, and future studies should target these effects. The meta-analysis found a decreased risk of dementia in HRT users but most studies had important methodological limitations.
(24) Isotretinoin-induced acne fulminans
Authors: H.A. JENKINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article (24) Isotretinoin‐induced acne fulminans Get access H.A. JENKINSON H.A. JENKINSON Whiteabbey Hospital, Co. Antrim, N. Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue s40, 1 July 1992, Pages 62–63, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb01249.x Published: 01 July 1992
SOME FACIAL DEFORMITIES—PREVENTION.
Authors: A. E, BALDWIN
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Some may think the presentation of this subject from this standpoint is emphasizing the importance of trivial things, but a few minutes spent in considering it will be minutes well spent for the integrity and symmetry in the development of the lower part of the faces of those entrusted to our care.  We seldom see a perfectly developed human frame, or a frame entirely free from deformity, and this truth is even more true of the face than of almost any other part of the frame. I have for years had a good opportunity to observe the mouth and jaws, and to some it may come as a surprise that it is a very rare thing to find a person the two sides of whose jaws, either upper or lower, are alike. We all know that in the growth or development of the child into the adult the head as
Me and my friends
Authors: Michael Reschen
Journal: BMJ (2007)

It was my guitar teacher who introduced me to the concept of peri-performance β blockade as a way of controlling the befuddling anxieties that could imperil my infrequent recitals.

Sitting in his front room one Saturday morning, I heard the rustle of pills in a bottle as he lifted his guitar from its velvet lined case. Keen to show off my own medical knowledge, I inquired gently as to the nature of …
Detection of leukotrienes B4, C4 and of their isomers in arterial, mixed venous blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from ARDS patients
Authors: M. Antonelli, M. Bufi, R. A. De Blasi, G. Crimi, G. Conti, C. Mattia, G. Vivino, L. Lenti, D. Lombardi, A. Dotta, G. Pontieri, A. Gasparetto
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1989)
Food intolerance in rheumatoid arthritis. I. A double blind, controlled trial of the clinical effects of elimination of milk allergens and azo dyes.
Authors: M A van de Laar, J K van der Korst
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The hypothetically negative influence of food on the clinical activity of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis was studied using two types of artificial elementary food. One diet was allergen free, the other allergen restricted, containing only lactoproteins and yellow dyes. Ninety four patients entered the study, which lasted 12 weeks. During the second four week period they were randomly assigned to one of the two artificial foods. Comparison between baseline and subsequent periods showed only subjective improvements. No differences were seen between the clinical effects of the two tested diets. Nine patients (three in the allergen restricted group, six in the allergen free group) showed favourable responses, followed by marked disease exacerbation during rechallenge. Dietary manipulation also brought about changes in objective disease activity parameters in these patients. The existence of a subgroup of patients in whom food intolerance influences the activity of rheumatoid factor seropositive rheumatoid arthritis deserves serious consideration.
How to Keep a Clinical Confidence
Authors: P. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Bryden Darley, Antony Griew, Kathryn McLoughlin, John Williams HMSO, £9.95, pp 103 ISBN 0 11 701832 5

It is hard to get to grips with medical ethics, which is an ill defined subject embracing morality, law, and public opinion. The authors of How to Keep a Clinical Confidence have tried to get to grips with medical confidentiality. Their failure to do so may be as much a result of their subject matter as of any fault on their part.

The book has its good points. …
Clinical Immunology of the Heart
Authors: Raymond Harris
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<i>Clinical Immunology of the Heart</i>provides an important introduction to immunologic diagnosis, cellular immunity, and immunogenetics for practicing cardiologists and others interested in cardiovascular disease. The application of the techniques and knowledge in this book will undoubtedly produce much new, valuable information and better understanding of heart disease mechanisms in the future. Chapter 1 emphasizes immunologic methods in cardiology applicable to cardiac diseases of presumed immunologic origin. Chapter 2 reveals how antibodies can be used for sensitive measurements of immunologic changes in vitro and even therapeutically. For example, purified digoxinspecific Fab fragments may be used to reverse advanced digoxin intoxication in man. Chapter 3 discusses immunologic concepts in rheumatic fever, particularly those relating group A streptococcus to the clinical and pathological events implicated in rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Evidence of a persistent genetic marker for rheumatic fever throughout life, coupled with recurrences of rheumatic fever in older people,
1018. Infectivity Enhancement for Ovarian Cancer and Glioma Via a Novel Human Adenoviral Vector with a Chimeric Fiber Derived from Canine Adenovirus Type 1
Authors: Mariam A. Stoff-Khalili, Angel A. Rivera, Joel N. Glasgow, Long P. Le, Alexander Stoff, Maaike Everts, Yuko Tsuruta, Yusoke Kawakami, J. Michael Mathis, Larisa Pereboeva, Peter Dall, David T. Curiel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The exploitation of novel therapy strategies merits a high priority in the treatment of advanced cancers like ovarian cancer and glioma, which are resistant to most traditional treatment modalities. In this regard, adenoviral (Ad) cancer gene therapy is a promising approach. However, the gene delivery efficiency of human serotype 5 recombinant adenoviruses (Ad5) in cancer gene therapy clinical trials to date has been limited, mainly due to the paucity of the primary Ad5 receptor, the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), on human cancer cells. To circumvent CAR deficiency, Ad5 vectors have been retargeted by creating chimeric fibers possessing the knob domains of alternate human Ad serotypes. Recently, more radical modifications based on |[ldquo]|xenotype|[rdquo]| knob switching with nonhuman adenovirus have been exploited. Herein, we present the characterization of a novel vector derived from a recombinant Ad5 vector containing the canine adenovirus serotype 1 (CAV-1) knob (Ad5Luc1-CK1), the tropism of which has not been previously described. We compared the function of this vector with our other chimeric viruses displaying the CAV-2 knob (Ad5Luc1-CK2) and Ad3 knob (Ad5/3Luc1). Our data demonstrate that the CAV-1 knob can alter Ad5 tropism through the use of a CAR-independent entry pathway distinct from that of both Ad5Luc1-CK2 and Ad5/3-Luc1. In fact, the gene transfer efficiency of this novel vector in ovarian cancer cell lines, and more importantly in patient ovarian cancer primary tissue slice samples, was superior relative to all other vectors applied in this study. Thus, CAV-1 knob xenotype gene transfer represents a viable means to achieve enhanced transduction of low-CAR tumors.
Tell Tchaikovsky the news
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2006)

detectives found Mollie Jamieson at the shop where she worked in Melbourne, Australia, and told her bluntly that her 21 year old daughter, Carolyn, was dead.Mollie and her husband were then interrogated for hours over what they knew of their daughter's illegal abortion.But it was the first they knew of it.Such was the shame surrounding abortion that Carolyn had been unable to tell her parents of the real reason she was going away on "holiday."Carolyn was the last woman known to have died from illegal abortion in Victoria before a 1969 judicial ruling that abortion was lawful if necessary to protect a woman from serious danger to life or health.Her death also had another important effect-it horrified a former military doctor, Bertram Wainer, so much that he gave up his general practice in Melbourne to push for abortion law reform.Wainer's partner in this high profile and dangerous campaign was Jo Richardson, a university student activist whom he met through the Abortion Law Reform Association, and who later became his wife.Together they set up Australia's first openly operating abortion clinic in 1972.In 1985 Mollie Jamieson was one of hundreds of women who responded to an advertisement placed by Dr Wainer in a Melbourne newspaper asking for people's stories of abortion."The next generation must know what it was like for women," the advertisement said.Two years later, Dr Wainer died.For almost 20 years, Jo Wainer carried with her the yellowing transcripts of the interviews that had emerged from people who responded to the advertisement.Finally, she felt the time was right to publish them in Lost: Illegal Abortion Stories, a slim book that packs a powerful emotional punch.
Serum Proteomic Profiling of Lung Cancer in High-Risk Groups and Determination of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: William Jacot, Ludovic Lhermitte, Nadège Dossat, Jean-Louis Pujol, Nicolas Molinari, Jean-Pierre Daurès, Thierry Maudelonde, Alain Mangé, Jérôme Solassol
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)