tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Cooperative Study of Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: ELLEN MCDEVITT, SIGMUND N. GROCH, IRVING S. WRIGHT
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Great interest continues in the treatment of cerebrovascular vascular accidents with anticoagulant agents. This paper presents a preliminary report of a cooperative study of this subject and indicates the methodology and protocol of the study, problems inherent in it, and preliminary findings of the first two years, without drawing definite conclusions.
Abstract 1601: Paclitaxel potentiates212Pb-radioimmunotherapy-induced cell killing efficacy by perturbing mitotic spindle checkpoint.
Authors: Kwon Joong Yong, Diane E. Milenic, Kwamena E. Baidoo, Martin W. Brechbiel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We have recently reported on the potentiation of high-LET radiation 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab targeting HER2 in combination with paclitaxel. To elucidate mechanisms associated with this therapy, mice bearing human colon cancer LS-174T i.p. xenografts were pre-treated with paclitaxel, followed by treatment with 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab and compared to groups treated with paclitaxel alone, 212Pb-TCMC-HuIgG, 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab and 212Pb-TCMC-HuIgG with paclitaxel pre-treatment. 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab with paclitaxel given 24-30 h earlier, induced mitotic catastrophe and increased apoptosis. The combined modality of paclitaxel and 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab markedly reduced DNA content in the S-phase of the cell cycle with a concomitant increase observed in the G2/M-phase. This treatment regimen also resulted in reduced phosphorylation of histone H3, accompanied by an increase in multimicronuclei, or mitotic catastrophe in nuclear profiles and positive stained γH2AX foci. This data suggests possible effects on the mitotic spindle checkpoint by the paclitaxel and 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment. Consistent with this hypothesis, 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment in response to paclitaxel reduced expression and phosphorylation of BubR1, which is likely attributable to disruption in a functional survivin/Aurora B complex, leading to impairment of the mitotic spindle checkpoint. In addition, the reduction of BubR1 expression may be mediated by the association of a repressive transcription factor, E2F4, on the promoter region of BubR1 gene. Taken together, these findings suggest that paclitaxel pre-treatment sensitizes 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab induced cell killing, leading to cell death by mitotic catastrophe followed by apoptosis. Citation Format: Kwon Joong Yong, Diane E. Milenic, Kwamena E. Baidoo, Martin W. Brechbiel. Paclitaxel potentiates 212Pb-radioimmunotherapy-induced cell killing efficacy by perturbing mitotic spindle checkpoint. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1601. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1601
Assessment of regional cytochrome P450 activities in rat liver slices using resorufin substrates and fluorescence confocal laser cytometry.
Authors: J T Heinonen, J S Sidhu, M T Reilly, F M Farin, C J Omiecinski, D L Eaton, T J Kavanagh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Characterizing constitutive activities and inducibility of various cytochrome P450 isozymes is important for elucidating species and individual differences in susceptibility to many toxicants. Although expression of certain P450s has been studied in homogenized tissues, the ability to assess functional enzyme activity without tissue disruption would further our understanding of interactive factors that modulate P450 activities. We used precision-cut, viable rat liver slices and confocal laser cytometry to determine the regional enzyme activities of P450 isozymes in situ. Livers from control and beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF)-treated rats were sectioned with a Krumdieck tissue slicer into 250-microns thick sections. A slice perfusion chamber that mounts on the cytometer stage was developed to allow for successive measurement of region-specific P450-dependent O-dealkylation of 7-ethoxy-, 7-pentoxy-, and 7-benzyloxyresorufin (EROD, PROD, and BROD activity, respectively) in the same liver slice. Images of the accumulated fluorescent resorufin product within the tissue were acquired using a confocal laser cytometer in confocal mode. As expected, slices isolated from beta NF-treated rats showed high levels of centrilobular EROD activity compared to slices from control rats, whereas PROD and BROD activities remained at control levels. These techniques should allow for the accurate quantification of regional and cell-specific P450 enzyme activity and, with subsequent analysis of the same slice, the ability to correlate specific P450 mRNAs or other factors with enzymatic activity. Moreover, these techniques should be amenable to examination of similar phenomena in other tissues such as lung and kidney, where marked heterogeneity in cellular P450 expression patterns is also known to occur.
Identification of cooperative genes for NUP98-HOXA9 in myeloid leukemogenesis using a mouse model
Authors: Masayuki Iwasaki, Takeshi Kuwata, Yukari Yamazaki, Nancy A. Jenkins, Neal G. Copeland, Motomi Osato, Yoshiaki Ito, Evert Kroon, Guy Sauvageau, Takuro Nakamura
Journal: Blood (2004)
Adrenal Venography in the Study of Hypertension
Authors: HAROLD A. MITTY
Journal: Circulation (1972)

PATIENTS with hypertension may exhibitclinical signs and biochemical abnorm,alities which point to an adrenal lesion as the underlying cause.The presence of episodic hypertension, Cushing's syndrome, elevated urine vanillylmandelic acid and metanephrine, or persistent hypokalemia is an important finding that suggests an adrenal lesion.Ultimately, the actual demonstration of the lesion, localization of the proper side, or, in the case of the pheochromocytoma, proof of the adrenal or extraadrenal location of a mass is an important consideratioln prior to surgical intervention.This can be relatively easily and accurately accomplished by adrenal venog- raphy.'e 2Prior to the development of selective
Mitigation of hypertrophic scar contraction via an elastomeric biodegradable scaffold
Authors: Elizabeth R. Lorden, Kyle J. Miller, Latif Bashirov, Mohamed M. Ibrahim, Ellen Hammett, Youngmee Jung, Manuel A. Medina, Ali Rastegarpour, Maria A. Selim, Kam W. Leong, Howard Levinson
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
On Division of the Falciform Border of the Fascia Lata, for Varix of the Saphena Vein
Authors: W. B. Herapath
Journal: BMJ (1848)

THE SAPHENA VEIN.g99 2, p.m.Is breathing freely and tranquilly; spasms 'have returned now and then, but not severely, and are immediately relieved by a dose of the medicine. 7,p.m. Better in all respects; spasms have returned tvwo or three times, but not alarmingly; skin moist and warm; pain in the head less violent; bowels not yet moved.R. Pilul.Hydrargyri, Extracti Hyoscyami, utrq., ..gr. iij.; Pul.Jacobi, gr.ij.Fiat pil.hora somni sumenda.18th.Has had a tolerably good night; a few slight
TCT-744 Does “High” implantation Of Self-Expandable prosthesis Affect Positively Short- And Long-Term Outcome Of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation?
Authors: Manolis Vavuranakis, Maria Kariori, V. Voudris, Konstantinos Kalogeras, Sofia Thomopoulou, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Evangelia Bei, Carmen Moldovan, Maria Lavda, Dimitrios A. Vrachatis, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 3588: Treatment differences are associated with black-white disparities in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Elizabeth A. Howell, Natalia Egorova, Monica P. Hayes, Juan Wisnivesky, Rebeca Franco, Nina A. Bickell
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Racial differences in survival for ovarian cancer are well documented. Previous research suggests that black-white mortality disparities are partially explained by more advanced disease among black women. Whether differences in receipt of guideline recommended care (including both surgery and chemotherapy) also explain mortality differences between black and white women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is not known. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) linked to Medicare claims for 1997-2007, we identified a cohort of 4363 women age 65 and older with histologically confirmed stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer. We evaluated long-term survival for black and white women in the entire fee-for-service Medicare population, and then in patients matched by propensity score to create two similar cohorts for comparison with Kaplan-Meier analysis. We investigated the association between race, stage, and survival among women who received guideline recommended care and those who received incomplete care. Adjusted analyses were conducted using Cox modeling. Results: Overall, black women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were more likely to die than white women; unadjusted hazard ratio (HR):1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.48). Black women were more likely than white women to present with stage 4 disease (40% vs. 32%, p=0.02) and comorbid conditions (55% vs. 36%, p&amp;lt;0.0001). Black women were less likely than white women to receive guideline recommended care (61% vs. 73%, p=0.0001) and women who received incomplete care had lower survival than women who received recommended care, unadjusted HR of 0.27 (95% CI: 0.25-0.29). In multivariable models including demographic factors, stage of disease, comorbidity, and extent of surgery, there was no racial difference in mortality among women who received guideline recommended care, HR for mortality for black women at 1.09 (95% CI: 0.90-1.13) or among women who received incomplete care, HR for black women at 1.15 (0.89-1.39). The survival analysis of patients matched by propensity score showed no difference between white and black women with recommended care (p=0.68) and no racial difference with incomplete care (p=0.87). Conclusions: Differences in receipt of guideline recommended care partially explain black-white mortality disparities among women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Patients who receive incomplete treatment have worse prognosis. Our findings suggest a need to identify and rectify the cause for disparate treatment rates. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3588. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3588
A Letter from a Patient's Daughter
Authors: Elisabeth Hansot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

On Being a Patient15 July 1996A Letter from a Patient's DaughterElisabeth Hansot, PhDElisabeth Hansot, PhDStanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2044Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My mother, Georgia Hansot, died recently in the intensive care unit of a major hospital in the eastern United States. She was 87 years old. This is an account of the 5 days she spent in the hospital from the point of view of her daughter, a 57-year-old professional woman who was charged with her mother's power of attorney for health care. My intent is to convey the experience of one person thrust into the unfamiliar world of hospital routines and intensive care units. My mother's experience died with her; I can describe only what I experienced and what I ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Elisabeth Hansot, PhDAffiliations: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2044Corresponding Author: Thomas A. Raffin, MD, Division of Pulmonary and Clinical Care Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, MC 5236, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room H3151, Stanford, CA 94305-5236.Current Author Address: Dr. Hanbsot: Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2044. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDiretivas antecipadas de vontade: benefícios, obstáculos e limitesBarriers to communication regarding end-of-life care: perspectives of care providersEvolution of the medical practices and modes of death on pediatric intensive care units in southern Brazil*End of life is a public health issueDo-not-resuscitate orders in the face of patient and family oppositionEnd-of-life seminar facilitated by an electronic OptionFinder®Anxieties as a Legal Impediment to the Doctor-Proxy RelationshipA National Survey of End-of-life Care for Critically Ill PatientsWhen Too Much is Too LittleVariations in the Use of Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders in ICUsAdvance Directives 15 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 2Page: 149-151KeywordsHealth careIntensive care unitsLiving willsMedical staffNursesNursing homesPharynxQuality of lifeTracheostomyVentilators ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Afatinib Enhances the Efficacy of Conventional Chemotherapeutic Agents by Eradicating Cancer Stem–like Cells
Authors: Xiao-kun Wang, Jie-hua He, Jing-hong Xu, Sheng Ye, Fang Wang, Hui Zhang, Zhen-cong Huang, Kenneth Kin Wah To, Li-wu Fu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSC) have garnered significant attention as a therapeutic focus, based on evidence that they may represent an etiologic root of treatment-resistant cells. Indeed, expression of the multidrug resistance protein ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) confers chemoresistance to CSCs, where it serves as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Here, we show that afatinib, a small-molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases EGFR, HER2, and HER4, preferentially eliminated side population cells with CSC character, in both cell lines and patient-derived leukemia cells, by decreasing ABCG2 expression. In these cells, afatinib also acted in parallel to suppress self-renewal capacity and tumorigenicity. Combining afatinib with the DNA-damaging drug topotecan enhanced the antitumor effect of topotecan in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations suggested that ABCG2 suppression by afatinib did not proceed by proteolysis through the ubiquitin-dependent proteosome, lysosome, or calpain. Instead, we found that afatinib increased DNA methyltransferase activity, thereby leading to methylation of the ABCG2 promoter and to a decrease in ABCG2 message level. Taken together, our results advocate the use of afatinib in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs to improve efficacy by improving CSC eradication. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4431–45. ©2014 AACR.
T Cell Cross-Reactivity and Conformational Changes during TCR Engagement
Authors: Jean K. Lee, Guillaume Stewart-Jones, Tao Dong, Karl Harlos, Kati Di Gleria, Lucy Dorrell, Daniel C. Douek, P. Anton van der Merwe, E. Yvonne Jones, Andrew J. McMichael
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

All thymically selected T cells are inherently cross-reactive, yet many data indicate a fine specificity in antigen recognition, which enables virus escape from immune control by mutation in infections such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To address this paradox, we analyzed the fine specificity of T cells recognizing a human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2–restricted, strongly immunodominant, HIV gag epitope (SLFNTVATL). The majority of 171 variant peptides tested bound HLA-A2, but only one third were recognized. Surprisingly, one recognized variant (SLYNTVATL) showed marked differences in structure when bound to HLA-A2. T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of variants of these two peptides implied that they adopted the same conformation in the TCR–peptide–major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complex. However, the on-rate kinetics of TCR binding were identical, implying that conformational changes at the TCR–peptide–MHC binding interface occur after an initial permissive antigen contact. These findings have implications for the rational design of vaccines targeting viruses with unstable genomes.
Standard International Prognostic Index Remains a Valid Predictor of Outcome for Patients With Aggressive CD20<sup>+</sup>B-Cell Lymphoma in the Rituximab Era
Authors: Marita Ziepert, Dirk Hasenclever, Evelyn Kuhnt, Bertram Glass, Norbert Schmitz, Michael Pfreundschuh, Markus Loeffler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is widely used for risk stratification of patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma. The introduction of rituximab has markedly improved outcome, and R-CHOP (rituximab + cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) has become the standard treatment for CD20(+) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. To investigate whether the IPI has maintained its power for risk stratification when rituximab is combined with CHOP, we analyzed the prognostic relevance of IPI in three prospective clinical trials.In total, 1,062 patients treated with rituximab were included (MabThera International Trial [MInT], 380 patients; dose-escalated regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, and prednisone (MegaCHOEP) trial, 72 patients; CHOP + rituximab for patients older than age 60 years [RICOVER-60] trial, 610 patients). A multivariate proportional hazards modeling was performed for single IPI factors under rituximab on event-free, progression-free, and overall survival.IPI score was significant for all three end points. Rituximab significantly improved treatment outcome within each IPI group resulting in a quenching of the Kaplan-Meier estimators. However, IPI was a significant prognostic factor in all three end points and the ordering of the IPI groups remained valid. The relative risk estimates of single IPI factors and their order in patients treated with R-CHOP were similar to those found with CHOP.The effects of rituximab were superimposed on the effects of CHOP with no interactions between chemotherapy and antibody therapy. These results demonstrate that the IPI is still valid in the R-CHOP era.
Nutritional support improves antibody response to influenza virus vaccine in the elderly.
Authors: R K Chandra, S Puri
Journal: BMJ (1985)

30 vieillards (70 a 84 ans) sont partages en 2 groupes de 15 sans differences quant a l'etat nutritionnel et socio-economique. Ils recoivent la meme vaccination antigrippale mais dans un des 2 groupes des supplements dietetiques et medicaux appropries a chaque cas sont administres pendant 4 semaines. Dans ce groupe non seulement l'etat nutritionnel est ameliore mais les reponses serologiques a la vaccination sont significativement superieures a celles de l'autre groupe
National cervical screening programme.
Authors: D Slater
Journal: BMJ (1990)

An attractive hypothesis for the pathogenesis of pouchitis is that the pelvic reservoir undergoes a process of colonic metaplasia, possibly as a result of changes in bacterial flora, and that this metaplasia recreates a colon-like environment that favours the recurrence of ulcerative colitis in the ileal reservoir.More worrying perhaps are the long term implications of colonic metaplasia in the reservoir mucosa.The mucosal epithelium of the reservoir shows increased proliferative activity in patients with and without pouchitis.iThe coexistence of colonic metaplasia and hyperproliferaton may increase the neoplastic potential of the reservoir's epithelium.In both ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis the colonic mucosa shows hyperproliferation,2425 and, al- though to different degrees, both conditions are associated with epithelial dysplasia and malignancy.The clinical, pathological, and experimental evidence should be put into context before any conclusions are drawn about the long term outlook for patients with pelvic ileal reservoirs.Current evidence suggests that the neoplastic potential of the pelvic reservoir is low.No convincing cases of epithelial dysplasia have been described in reservoirs con- structed for ulcerative colitis.Very few reservoirs have been in place for over 10 years, however, and nearly all cases of epithelial dysplasia in the colon and rectum associated with ulcerative colitis arise after this time.Little evidence exists for increased neoplastic risk in continent abdominal ileostomies, some of which have been in place for 20 years.'7A recent report describes a carcinoma arising in a pelvic reservoir of a patient with colitis; in the authors' view the carcinoma arose not from metaplastic ileal mucosa but from remaining rectal mucosa within the pouch.26In patients with familial adenomatous polyposis adenomas have been observed in both pelvic reservoirs and continent abdominal ileostomies,42728 but such adenomas could be considered to be part of the normal range of disease in familial adenomatous polyposis.The optimist's view of the pelvic reservoir is that there is no increased neoplastic potential and that pouchitis is merely a hiccup in the establishment of the operation as the panacea for all diffuse colonic mucosal disease.The pessimist would suggest that all patients with an original diagnosis ofulcerative colitis will eventually develop pouchitis, that some will develop dysplasia and carcinoma, and that many patients with familial adenomatous polyposis will develop adenomatous dysplasia in the reservoir mucosa with high rates of malig- nancy.The truth, of course, lies somewhere in between.Until we have more objective evidence of the long term consequences of ileal reservoir construction surveillance by endoscopy and mucosal biopsy is warranted.
THE ROLE OF THE WOOD-TICK (DERMACENTOR OCCIDENTALIS) IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER,AND THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOCAL ANIMALS TO THIS DISEASE—A PRELIMINARY REPORT.
Authors: H. T. RICKETTS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>THE TECHNIC OF FEEDING TICKS ON THE GUINEA-PIG.</h3> Many embarrassments have been encountered in experiments in which the tick is allowed to feed on the guinea-pig. There are few spots on the body of the latter which he can not reach with his teeth or with the toes of his hind legs, and, since the bite of the tick is very irritating, ticks are frequently dislodged or killed, provided the guinea-pig is not restrained properly. The tick is prone to attach itself to the delicate hairless skin behind the ear or to the ventral surface of the body in the vicinity of the mammary glands. When in the former position it is readily dislodged by the nails of the pig's hind feet, and when in the latter position may be killed by biting. In order to obviate some of these accidents and to prevent the loss of valuable ticks, the
Enteral nutrition in patients with respiratory disease
Authors: SK Pingleton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Nutritional assessment and management is an important therapeutic modality in patients with respiratory disease. Malnutrition adversely affects respiratory function. Nutritional therapy for the spontaneously breathing patient should include an appropriate diet plus the consideration of nutritional supplements. Complete nutritional support should be undertaken with enteral nutrition in critically ill patients with respiratory failure. Nutritional complications occur. Overfeeding can lead to nutritionally associated hypercapnia.