tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antiannexin V antibodies: An underestimated source of noncirrhotic portal vein thrombosis?
Authors: Jessy Cattelan, Evelyne Racadot, Vincent Di Martino, Thierry Thevenot
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

In an article published in 2010,1 Plessier et al. investigated 102 patients with acute thrombosis of the portal vein unrelated to cirrhosis or malignancy. The authors found that the formation of thrombosis could be favored by at least one general risk factor and local factors in 52% and 21% of cases, respectively. Although their investigations were exhaustive, one factor was overlooked and deserves specific comment. We recently found the presence of antiannexin V (aANV) antibodies in a 53-year-old man suffering from portal hypertension unrelated to cirrhosis. Our patient had a history of both right sural deep vein thrombosis following an immobilization period and right saphenous paraphlebitis. In 2010 he experienced an episode of acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a segmental thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein and a portal cavernoma associated with splenomegaly but without evident cirrhosis. No local risk factors and no acquired or inherited thrombotic disorders were initially found through routine screening. Extending our research, we found an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with a high titer of aANV immunoglobulin G (IgG) (89 AU; N <8 AU) and a nonsignificant titer IgM (4.76 AU; N <9 AU) (Elisis, Biomedical Diagnostics, Marne la Vallée, France). A liver biopsy sample containing 20 portal tracts with reticulin stain demonstrated normal architecture. One year later, the patient remained safe under vitamin K antagonists and beta-blockers but aANV IgG were still strongly positive (32 AU). Annexin V acts as an anticoagulant that competes with prothrombin for phospholipid binding sites, and prothrombic effects of aANV antibodies are related to APS.2 Antibodies to annexin V have been identified in association with various pathological conditions, such as fetal loss, and venous and/or arterial thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.3-5 However, aANV antibodies are not routinely tested, unless specifically requested. In patients with unexplained portal thrombosis this test should be carried out because this condition is generally reported in association with prothrombic and procoagulant states. Further studies investigating the prevalence of aANV antibodies and its role in the pathogenesis of portal vein thrombosis are warranted. Jessy Cattelan*, Evelyne Racadot MD , Vincent Di Martino MD, PhD*, Thierry Thevenot MD, PhD*, * Department of Hepatology, University Hospital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France, Department of Hemostasis, Blood Transfusion Center, University Hospital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France.
Duration of Vidarabine Therapy in Biopsy-Negative Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: Marie L. Landry
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Vidarabine therapy reduces mortality due to herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) from 70% to 40% at one year. Treatment with vidarabine is commonly terminated five days after biopsy in suspected HSE if herpes simplex virus is not isolated from the biopsy specimen. However, as demonstrated by this case report, virus distribution in brain tissue may be patchy, even within the temporal lobe. In addition, several technical factors in the process of virus isolation can result in falsely negative results at five days. To protect this subgroup of patients with HSE, a full ten-day course of antiviral therapy should be considered for patients with focal encephalitis whose biopsy results are negative, provided that HSE remains the principal diagnostic possibility. However, the potential benefit of vidarabine treatment must be weighed against the risk of side effects, particularly cerebral edema. For optimum care, patients with presumed HSE should be transferred to centers whose personnel have expertise in the diagnosis and management of this disease.
The Cure of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia in Adults
Authors: Hans W. Grünwald
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the hematology update so well written by Ernest Beutler, MD (1981;245:2193), he discussed the cure of acute leukemia in adults and referred to Gloors<sup>1</sup>interesting article in 1930 of an apparent cure in a 49-year-old man with typical acute myeloblastic leukemia. I believe it is of interest to give a follow-up on the subject of that report. The subject continued his successful business after his return from Naegeli's Clinic, and became a well-known philanthropist. Many refugees from Nazi Germany owe their finding a haven in the United States to his efforts. The medical profession also greatly benefited from his generosity, with cancer and leukemia research figuring prominently among the beneficiaries. A major medical center has named a building after him in recognition of his many contributions. He maintained good health both physically and mentally until 1978, when obstructive jaundice developed, and he became homebound thereafter.
International donations to global fight against AIDS fall for first time
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Funds given by donor countries to the global fight against AIDS dropped by 10% last year in the first fall in funding since dedicated donations began, says research from the Kaiser Family Foundation and UNAIDS.

The 15 major donors for HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support in developing countries gave $6.9bn (£4.2bn; €4.8bn) in 2010, down by $740m compared with 2009.

In some cases this was due to budget cuts—seven of the countries studied (Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the US) reduced their financial support for the global AIDS response. Italy pledged some $100m but only gave $11.4m, ranking bottom among the major donor countries.

The largest part of the …
Abstract 5461: The role of gene body cytosine modifications in MGMT expression and sensitivity to temozolomide
Authors: Erika L. Moen, Amy L. Stark, Wei Zhang, M. Eileen Dolan, Lucy A. Godley
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The goal of precision medicine is to use patient-specific markers to design individualized treatment strategies. Promoter methylation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which encodes for the DNA repair protein MGMT, has been shown to predict glioblastoma patient survival after treatment with temozolomide. Unfortunately, there is no approved therapeutic alternative for patients whose tumors have an unmethylated MGMT promoter and are unlikely to respond to temozolomide treatment. Promoter methylation status of MGMT is used to predict expression levels of MGMT, despite some observed discordance between promoter methylation and protein levels. We hypothesized that incorporation of MGMT gene body cytosine modification levels in models of temozolomide response may lead to better prediction of MGMT expression levels and, more importantly, improved methods of prediction for glioblastoma patient response to temozolomide. Using 91 human glioblastoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we observed significant variation in MGMT expression levels in patients with an unmethylated promoter, with higher levels of gene body cytosine modification correlating with higher gene expression levels. Furthermore, inducing hypomethylation across the MGMT gene body with decitabine resulted in decreased levels of MGMT gene expression in lymphoblastoid and glioblastoma cell lines. These data indicate an important functional role for gene body cytosine modifications in maintaining gene expression levels. We reasoned that the decrease in MGMT expression induced by decitabine might render resistant glioblastoma cell lines more sensitive to temozolomide. Indeed, MGMT-expressing glioblastoma cell lines pre-treated with decitabine became significantly more sensitive to temozolomide-induced cytotoxicity. Overall, our results demonstrate a functional role for gene body cytosine modification in regulating gene expression of MGMT and suggest that patients with an unmethylated MGMT promoter could benefit from pre-treatment with decitabine to increase tumor sensitivity to temozolomide. Citation Format: Erika L. Moen, Amy L. Stark, Wei Zhang, M. Eileen Dolan, Lucy A. Godley. The role of gene body cytosine modifications in MGMT expression and sensitivity to temozolomide. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5461. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5461
Outcome of Pregnancy After Induced Ovulation
Authors: Maureen Hack
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Eighty-six women reached at least 20 weeks' pregnancy in 96 instances, after ovulation induced by clomiphene citrate. Although 37 of the women had 44 previous pregnancies, there had been a high pregnancy wastage (70.5%) producing only 13 live infants prior to the successful clomiphene therapy. After clomiphene therapy, pregnancies were normal except for a high incidence of toxemia (16.7%) and a possibly increased incidence of prediabetes. The pregnancies resulted in 88 single and 8 twin births. The total fetal and neonatal loss was 6.7%. The loss of single births (3.1%) included two stillbirth infants of prediabetic mothers. The twin loss of 25% was due to prematurity. The incidence of congenital malformations was within normal limits.
Bronchogenic Carcinoma and Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: Edward A. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In their report (<b>202</b>:1019, 1967) Byrd and his associates discuss the possibility of survival in carcinoma after a concomitant venous thrombosis is discovered. It is true that in my report of 1949 (<i>New Eng J Med</i><b>240</b>:1031, 1949) I pointed out the usual rapid demise of these patients. Since then, however, I have been able to report encouraging survival of two patients, one with carcinoma of the ovary who lived for at least 2 1/2 years after surgery, and another with carcinoma of the stomach who is now alive and well four years after gastric resection (<i>New Eng J Med</i><b>274</b>:1389, 1966). This is in line with the moderately encouraging results of Byrd et al and those of Hubay and Holden (<i>Surg Gynec Obstet</i><b>98</b>:309, 1954) and of Woolling and Shick (<i>Mayo Clin Proc</i><b>31</b>:277, 1956).
Balancing benefits and harms in health care: Observational data on harm should complement systematic reviews of benefit
Authors: J. P Vandenbroucke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—The meeting on “rare events” mentioned by Cuervo and Clarke was an opportunity to bridge two worlds: the world of systematic reviews of randomised trials, which investigate benefits of treatment, and the world of pharmacoepidemiology, which mainly investigates the harms of the same treatments.1 Bridging will not be easy.

On one hand, there are entrenched views about the superiority of randomised evidence, leading to prejudices that there has been no reliable progress except for randomised trials, that case reports are biased (despite evidence to the contrary about adverse effects2), or that observational databases are intrinsically problematic. This attitude ignores established differences between discovery and verification, and between investigating intended and non-intended effects of treatments.3,4

On the other hand, discussions about epidemiological methods as applied to adverse drug reactions can become so arcane that only a few people still follow.5 Judging observational research on harm will entail more knowledge of subject matter and will be less easily codified than judgments about randomised trials.

However, participants from both fields wanted to think about incorporating the other in future activities, perhaps by giving young people dual training in both types of research. This should lead to a future where several types of evidence can be entered in a single systematic review to present a true balance of risks and benefits.
GW25-e0805 Insulin promotes the degradation of HDL Generation-Related Functional Protein ABCA1 through IRS/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Yuan Cong, Huang He, Wu Jie, Jiang Zhi-sheng, Liu Chang-hui, Ouyang Ze-wei, Hu Heng-jing, W.U. Jie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Gene conversion and natural selection in the evolution of X-linked color vision genes in higher primates
Authors: Y. H. Zhou, W. H. Li
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

During higher primate evolution, gene conversion seems to have occurred often between the red and green photo-pigment genes, which are tandemly linked on the X chromosome. To understand this phenomenon better, intron 4 sequences of the red and green pigment genes of a male human (an Asian Indian), a male chimpanzee, and a male baboon were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The data show that the intron 4 sequences between the two genes have been strongly or completely homogenized in the three species studied. Apparently recent gene conversion events have occurred in introns 4 of the red and green pigment genes in humans and chimpanzees. Two or more conversion events may have occurred at different times in introns 4 of the two pigment genes in baboons. The divergence between the two genes is significantly lower in intron 4 than in exons 4 and 5 in each species, contrary to the usual situation that introns evolve faster than exons. It is most likely that strong natural selection for maintaining the distinct functions of exons 4 and 5 of the red and green pigment genes has acted against sequence homogenization of these exons.
Improvements in Radiographic Progression-Free Survival Stratified by <i>ERG</i> Gene Status in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Abiraterone Acetate
Authors: Gerhardt Attard, Johann S. de Bono, Christopher J. Logothetis, Karim Fizazi, Som D. Mukherjee, Anthony M. Joshua, Dirk Schrijvers, Alfons J.M. van den Eertwegh, Weimin Li, Arturo Molina, Thomas W. Griffin, Thian Kheoh, Deborah S. Ricci, Kathy Zelinsky, Dana E. Rathkopf, Howard I. Scher, Charles J. Ryan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Gene fusions leading to androgen receptor-modulated ERG overexpression occur in up to 70% of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC). We assessed the association between ERG rearrangement status and clinical benefit from abiraterone acetate.COU-AA-302 is a phase III trial comparing abiraterone acetate and prednisone versus prednisone in chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC. ERG status was evaluated by FISH on archival tumors. End points included radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), time to PSA progression (TTPP), rate of ≥50% PSA decline from baseline, and overall survival (OS). Cox regression was used to evaluate association with time-to-event measures and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel for PSA response.ERG status was defined for 348 of 1,088 intention-to-treat patients. ERG was rearranged in 121 of 348 patients with confirmed ERG status (35%). Cancers with an ERG fusion secondary to deletion of 21q22 and increased copy number of fusion sequences (class 2+ Edel) had a greater improvement in rPFS after abiraterone acetate and prednisone [22 vs. 5.4 months; HR (95% confidence interval, CI), 0.31 (0.15-0.68); P = 0.0033] than cancers with no ERG fusion [16.7 vs. 8.3 months; 0.53 (0.38-0.74); P = 0.0002] or other classes of ERG rearrangement. There was also greater benefit in this subgroup for TTPP.Both ERG-rearranged and wild-type cancers had a significant improvement in rPFS with abiraterone acetate and prednisone in the COU-AA-302 trial. However, our data suggest that 2+ Edel cancers, accounting for 15% of all mCRPC patients and previously associated with a worse outcome, derived the greatest benefit.
Weekend Admission Does Not Influence the Mortality of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Caused by Peptic Ulcers: Results of a French Prospective Study of the Association Nationale des Gastroentérologues des Hôpitaux Généraux Group
Authors: Stéphane Nahon, Alexandre Pariente, Jean-Paul Latrive
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
STUDIES ON THE LEUKOCYTOSIS AND LYMPHOCYTOSIS INDUCED BY BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS
Authors: Stephen I. Morse, Bruce A. Barron
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from normal mice and mice undergoing pertussis-induced lymphocytosis. After labeling in vitro with tritiated uridine the cells were transfused into normal or pertussis-treated mice. It was found that the lymphocytes from pertussis-treated mice entered the lymph nodes of both normal mice and pertussis-treated mice to a significantly lesser extent than did normal lymphocytes which had been transfused into either class of recipient. In addition, an interdependence of changes in the various body compartments examined was found when normal lymphocytes were injected into either type of recipient. However, when pertussis lymphocytes were injected into normal mice there was no interrelationship between the changes in the node with those in the blood, liver, lung, or spleen. In the case of pertussis lymphocytes transfused into pertussis-treated mice no interrelationship between any two compartments was observed. It was concluded that in pertussis-treated mice there is an inhibition of lymphocyte emigration which is primarily the consequence of an effect on the cell.
Lehrbuch der Kinderheilkunde
Authors: G. B. Stickler
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In pediatrics, it is difficult indeed to condense the material sufficiently for the medical student and general practitioner and still produce a useful reference for the pediatrician. The condensation in this modern German text was done well in some chapters, such as those on metabolism, immunology, virology, the genitourinary system, and the skeletal system, but probably went too far in other chapters. As in any multiple-authored volume, one may take serious issue with a number of statements or with weak chapters. For instance, it might be better to have a pediatrician rather than an otolaryngologist write about otitis media and the indications for tonsillectomy. The specialist is usually exposed to the more serious complications and not to the everyday problems of ear infections and indications for adenoidectomy. The lengthy and complicated chapter on infant nutrition will probably frighten medical students away from pediatrics; it may even confuse pediatricians. Most mothers
Utilisation of medical care by abused women.
Authors: B. Bergman, B. Brismar, C. Nordin
Journal: BMJ (1992)

A (n=70) B (n=28) AB (n=21) 0 (n=52) Blood group Gall stone cholesterol content by ABO phenotype in 171 patients with symptomatic gall stone disease.Data points, medians, and interquartile ranges are shown (p=002 for difference between groups (Kruskal- Wallis test))
Association between schizophrenia and T102C polymorphism of the 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2a-receptor gene
Authors: J. Williams, G. Spurlock, P. McGuffin, M.J. Owen, J. Mallet, M.M. Nöthen, M. Gill, H. Aschauer, P-O. Nylander, F. Macciardi
Journal: The Lancet (1996)
TB Regimens: Less Is Not More
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE NON-SPECIFICITY OF SUSPENSIONS OF SODIUM XANTHINE IN PROTECTING THE LIVER AGAINST INJURY BY CHLOROFORM, AND THE PROBABLE CAUSE OF ITS ACTION 12
Authors: Isidor S. Ravdin, Harry M. Vars, Samuel Goldschmidt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1939)

Sato (la) has reported the extraction from the liver of a " detoxicating hormone," which he named Yakriton.This preparation is claimed to protect the body against a variety of induced pathological conditions, including the damaging effect of chloroform upon the liver (lb).More recently Forbes and Neale (2a) and Forbes, Neale and Scherer (2b) have reported the preparation of a new fraction of an aqueous extract of hog's liver.When this extract was injected subcutaneously into albino rats, previous to exposure to carbon tetrachloride or chloroform, hepatic necrosis did not result.It also prevented the hepatic cirrhosis produced by repeated ex- posures to carbon tetrachloride (2b, 2f).A crystalline material, identified as sodium xanthine by Neale (2d) and Neale and Winter (2e), was prepared from the extract by Forbes and Mc- Connell (2c).Either the purified crystals or sodium xanthine, injected in equal quantities into rats, conferred the same degree of protection against hepatic damage by carbon tetrachloride or chloroform (2d, 2e).Barrett, MacLean and McHenry (3) have con- firmed these findings in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride.They injected either a suspension of purified " antinecrotic " material furnished by Dr. Forbes, or pure xanthine in equal dosages.Con- trol injections of saline gave negative results.In agreement with Forbes and Neale and their co- workers, they found both protection of the liver from damage and an accelerated regeneration of the injured cells.Fitzhugh (4) has also reported protection by xanthine of the livers of rats exposed to carbon 1 Preliminary reports of the data in this paper were made before
Electrosurgical Hazards In Laparoscopy
Authors: Gordon R. Neufeld
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor—  In a recent letter, we outlined the electric shock and burn hazards to personnel during laparoscopic sterilization by electrocautery. Subsequently, we have reviewed the available laparoscopic equipment and find no instruments that adequately safeguard against these hazards. But because of the increased patient morbidity associated with abdominal and vaginal tubal ligation, we have reinstituted laparoscopic tubal sterilization at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania with these precautions: (1) An instrument with an insulated eyepiece and forceps handle is used. (2) A low voltage electrocautery device with an isolated output stage is used. (3) Operating personnel is informed on the safe use and attendant hazards of this equipment. (4) A strict preventive maintenance procedure is established.  We would have instituted these precautions earlier if manufacturers of this equipment had effectively warned us of these hazards. Our present precautions represent only an interim measure and are not intended
TCT-217 Management and Outcome of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Octogenarian Patients: Data From "ORBI", a Prospective Registry of 5000 Patients.
Authors: Guillaume Leurent, Jean Philippe Hacot, Isabelle Coudert, Emmanuelle Filippi, Philippe Castellant, Benoït Moquet, Philippe Druelles, Antoine Rialan, Gilles Rouault, Hervé Le Breton
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)