tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Population-Based Resequencing Reveals That the Flowering Time Adaptation of Cultivated Barley Originated East of the Fertile Crescent
Authors: H. Jones, F. J. Leigh, I. Mackay, M. A. Bower, L. M.J. Smith, M. P. Charles, G. Jones, M. K. Jones, T. A. Brown, W. Powell
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

Gene resequencing and association analysis present new opportunities to study the evolution of adaptive traits in crop plants. Here we apply these tools to an extensive set of barley accessions to identify a component of the molecular basis of the flowering time adaptation, a trait critical to plant survival. Using an association-based study to relate variation in flowering time to sequence-based polymorphisms in the Ppd-H1 gene, we identify a causative polymorphism (SNP48) that accounts for the observed variation in barley flowering time. This polymorphism also shows latitude-dependent geographical distribution, consistent with the expected clinal variation in phenotype with the nonresponsive form predominating in the north. Networks, genealogies, and phylogenetic trees drawn for the Ppd-H1 haplotypes reveal population structure both in wild barley and in domesticated barley landraces. The spatial distribution of these population groups indicates that phylogeographical analysis of European landraces can provide information relevant to the Neolithic spread of barley cultivation and also has implications for the origins of domesticated barley, including those with the nonresponsive ppd-H1 phenotype. Haplotypes containing the nonresponsive version of SNP48 are present in wild barley accessions, indicating that the nonresponsive phenotype of European landraces originated in wild barley. The wild accessions whose nonresponsive haplotypes are most closely similar to those of landraces are found in Iran, within a region suggested as an area for domestication of barley east of the Fertile Crescent but which has previously been thought to have contributed relatively little to the diversity of European cultivars.
Study On Antigenic Determinants Of Cephalosporins Recognized By IgE Antibodies From Allergic Patients
Authors: M.I. Montañez, J.L. Rodriguez-Bada, C. Mayorga, M.J. Torres, E. Perez-Inestrosa, A.J. Ruiz-Sanchez, A. Ariza, R. Suau, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
CASE OF POISONING BY ONE-TWENTIETH OF A GRAIN OF OPIUM
Authors: E. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1854)

A?UIL Sir tuning over the patiet on his back, and following up the exmination to the left hip, it was soon obvious that he was Ig from dislocation of the left hip into the foramen ovale.The head of the femur wras plainly felt in the peri- neim, and the trochanter had fallen in.Chloroform was administered, and the dislocation was soon reduced in the manner laid down by the same great authority, Sir Astley Cooper.The only singular part of this ease is, that the pain suffered was attributed to the opposite limb, which was to some extent contused, and the leg, fractured.This is, too, an accident of not very frequent occurrence.I have met with one only of the same description before.Both these cases are doing well.
Transfusion of RhD-Positive Blood in “Asia Type” DEL Recipients
Authors: Chao-Peng Shao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

To the Editor: The RhD status of transfusion recipients and donors is routinely matched for red-cell transfusion. This worldwide practice is due to the potent immunogenicity of RhD. In East Asians, the frequency of RhD-negative status is only about 0.3%, which sharply limits the supply of RhD-negative blood. However, approximately 30% of RhD-negative persons carry an RhD variant, termed “Asia type” DEL.1 Beginning in 2008, my colleagues and I organized a collaborative group of 10 laboratories, located in 10 cities in northern, central, and southern China. This group retrospectively evaluated 104 RhD-negative pregnant women with anti-D alloantibodies from 2005 through . . .
The monovalent cation leak in overhydrated stomatocytic red blood cells results from amino acid substitutions in the Rh-associated glycoprotein
Authors: Lesley J. Bruce, Hélène Guizouarn, Nicholas M. Burton, Nicole Gabillat, Joyce Poole, Joanna F. Flatt, R. Leo Brady, Franck Borgese, Jean Delaunay, Gordon W. Stewart
Journal: Blood (2008)
Proposals for Evaluation of Toxic Effects Associated With Treatment of Gliomas: A Call for Action
Authors: A. K. CHOUCAIR
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Proposals for Evaluation of Toxic Effects Associated With Treatment of Gliomas: A Call for Action Get access ALI K. CHOUCAIR ALI K. CHOUCAIR Departments of Neurology and Oncology, Neuro-Oncology Service Marshfield Clinic1000 North Oak Ave., Marshfield, WI 54449–5777 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 6, 21 March 1990, Pages 531–532, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.6.531 Published: 21 March 1990
Training for the 21st Century?
Authors: James Scheuer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters18 November 2014Training for the 21st Century?James Scheuer, MDJames Scheuer, MDFrom Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5023-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Stillman's (1) thoughtful comments about changes that the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) have instituted deserve serious consideration. As a former chief of cardiology, chair of medicine, and leader of several approved training programs, I have been puzzled by some of the changes introduced by the ACGME over the past decade or so.During my career, clinical practice has increasingly become guided by well-designed, prospective, randomized studies that helped us engage in evidence-based medicine. Cardiology and internal medicine have led the way in developing these tools. My perception is that, at the same time, the ...Reference1. Stillman MD. Training for the 21st century? Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:800-1. [PMID: 24711077] doi:10.7326/M13-2358 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James Scheuer, MDAffiliations: From Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0362. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTraining for the 21st Century? Michael D. Stillman Metrics 18 November 2014Volume 161, Issue 10Page: 760-761KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureEvidence based medicineGraduate medical educationPatientsPerceptionProspective studies ePublished: 18 November 2014 Issue Published: 18 November 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nail abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: C. MICHEL, B. CRIBIER, J. SIBILIA, J.L. KUNTZ, E. GROSSHANS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Many nail abnormalities have traditionally been described in association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but their specificity has never been assessed in a controlled study. Our purpose was to evaluate the frequency and the specificity of nail changes associated with RA in a case-controlled study including 50 patients suffering from RA and 50 controls. For each patient, a general skin examination was performed and the 20 nails were examined. The nail features were noted and classified. A chi 2 test or a Fisher test was used to compare the two groups. The only nail abnormalities significantly associated with RA were longitudinal ridging on nine or 10 finger nails (29 patients in the RA group vs. three in the controls, chi 2: P < 0.001) and clubbing on at least one nail (24 patients vs. 10, chi 2: P < 0.01). Other nail changes were noticed but were not frequent enough to be significant. The presence of longitudinal ridging on the finger nails was significantly associated with RA.
Overexpression of p53 Increases Lumen Size and Blocks Neointima Formation in Porcine Interposition Vein Grafts
Authors: Song Wan, Sarah J George, Stuart A Nicklin, Anthony P.C Yim, Andrew H Baker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Patency rates for autologous saphenous vein (SV) conduits used in coronary artery bypass grafts remain poor. Patients with failed grafts are difficult to treat with subsequent interventions, necessitating the development of innovative therapies. Previous studies have suggested that induction of smooth muscle cell (SMC) apoptosis may reduce neointima formation. We overexpressed the proapoptotic gene p53 at the lumenal surface of SV grafts using adenoviral (Ad)-mediated gene transfer in porcine SVs prior to grafting in vivo and analyzed at 7 and 28 days (n = 6 and 7 per group, respectively). p53 overexpression induced a significant upregulation in apoptosis (4 ± 0.6% for Adp53-infected grafts vs 0.6 ± 0.1% for Adβ-gal-infected grafts) and reduced neointimal proliferation by 28 ± 1% at day 7 postinfection. Adp53-infected grafts had significantly greater lumenal areas than controls at both time points (4.8 ± 0.6 mm2 vs 2.9 ± 0.5 mm2 and 10.0 ± 2.5 mm2 vs 4.2 ± 1.2 mm2 at 7 and 28 days, respectively). Total graft areas were also increased at 28 days by p53, indicating positive vessel remodeling. Additionally, the thickening of the neointima was significantly reduced by 68 ± 22% and 28 ± 3% by p53 overexpression at day 7 and 28, respectively. Importantly, phenotypic changes were maintained at 3 months. Induction of SMC apoptosis by transient p53 overexpression positively influenced vein graft remodeling.
Computer-aided Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain
Authors: F. T. de Dombal, D. J. Leaper, J. R. Staniland, A. P. McCann, J. C. Horrocks
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of polyamines, is markedly elevated in the adult rat heart 4 hr after isoproterenol or 24 hr after triiodothyronine treatment. The rate of degradation of ODC activity, measured after administration of cycloheximide, was not affected by these stimuli: half-lives of the enzyme remained between 18 and 24 min. After isoproterenol or triiodothyronine stimulation of adult rat heart, and in neonatal rats, kinetic data revealed the presence of a different form of the enzyme, with a <i>K<sub>m</sub></i> of 30-50 µM, compared with 260 µM in the adult control. Pretreatment with actinomycin D did not prevent elevation of ODC activity caused by isoproterenol, nor did cyclic AMP appear to be involved in the ODC stimulation. These results suggest that heart ODC regulation involves mechanisms different from those seen in other tissues.
Abstract 5192: Platelet derived growth factor receptors differentially inform intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity
Authors: Youngmi Kim, Eunhee Kim, Olga Guryanova, Masahiro Hitomi, Andrew E. Sloan, Anita B. Hjelmeland, Jeremy N. Rich
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Growth factor-mediated proliferation and self-renewal maintains tissue specific stem cells and is frequently dysregulated in cancers. Platelet-derived growth factor ligands and receptors (PDGFRs) are commonly overexpressed in gliomas and initiate tumors in genetically engineered models. PDGFRα alterations inform intertumoral heterogeneity towards a proneural glioma subgroup. We interrogated the role of PDGFRs in intratumoral heterogeneity with regards to differences in tumor cells. We found that PDGFRα is expressed only in a subset of gliomas while PDGFRβ is more commonly expressed in tumors but largely restricted to self-renewing tumorigenic glioma stem cells (GSCs). Targeting PDGFRβ genetically or with specific inhibitors attenuated GSC self-renewal, survival, tumor growth, and invasion. PDGFRβ targeting was associated with decreased activation of the cancer stem cell signaling node STAT3, and STAT3 activity rescued loss of PDGFRβ expression. These results demonstrate that a growth factor receptor family can differentially function to promote tumor heterogeneity. Our results may explain mixed clinical responses of anti-PDGFR based approaches, and suggest the need for integration of models of cancer as an organ system into development of cancer therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5192. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5192
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling, Remodeling, and Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Bonnie Ky, Benjamin French, Abigail May Khan, Ted Plappert, Andrew Wang, Julio A. Chirinos, James C. Fang, Nancy K. Sweitzer, Barry A. Borlaug, David A. Kass, Martin St. John Sutton, Thomas P. Cappola
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hypochlorite-modified high-density lipoprotein acts as a sink for myeloperoxidase in vitro
Authors: Gunther Marsche, Paul G. Furtmüller, Christian Obinger, Wolfgang Sattler, Ernst Malle
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

AimsMyeloperoxidase (MPO), a cardiovascular risk factor in humans, is an in vivo catalyst for lipoprotein modification via intermediate formation of reactive chlorinating species. Among the different lipoprotein classes, anti-atherogenic high-density lipoprotein (HDL) represents a major target for modification by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), generated from H2O2 by MPO in the presence of physiological chloride concentrations. As MPO was identified as an HDL-associated protein that could facilitate selective oxidative modification of its physiological carrier, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether and to what extent modification of HDL by HOCl affects the binding affinity of MPO in vitro.
Metabolic syndrome prevalence and characteristics in Greek adults with familial combined hyperlipidemia
Authors: John Skoumas, Lambros Papadimitriou, Christos Pitsavos, Constantina Masoura, Nikolaos Giotsas, Christina Chrysohoou, Marina Toutouza, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
Studies on populations exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls.
Authors: K Kreiss
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Mean serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in U.S. population groups without occupational exposure to PCBs are usually between 4 and 8 ng/mL, with 95% of individuals having serum PCB measurements of less than 20. Subpopulations consuming fish taken from contaminated waters, such as Lake Michigan and near Triana, AL, have mean serum PCB levels several times those found in other general population groups and ranges that extend into concentrations found in industrial populations involved in capacitor manufacture. Two studies of general populations and several studies of industrial workers have demonstrated associations of PCBs with various serum lipids and liver enzyme levels. Six groups of investigators have found associations between PCB or chlorinated pesticide levels and blood pressure. Research efforts are needed in clarifying determinants of serum-adipose partition ratios; the utility of urinary porphyrins as a measure of subclinical hepatic effects; human metabolites and excretion of chlorinated hydrocarbons; and the relation, if any, between blood pressure and organochlorine compounds when controlled for confounding variables. Established cohorts, such as those in Triana, Lake Michigan sportsfishers, the Michigan PBB cohort, residents of farms with PCB-lined silos, and occupational groups, could all be studied further with attention to these research questions.
TCT-331 Impact of Gender on Radiation Dose from Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Similar Complexity Quantified by 'Target-lesion' SYNTAX Score
Authors: Leia Hee, Manish Kumar, Andrew Hopkins, Liza Thomas, Craig P. Juergens, Sidney Lo, John K. French, Christian J. Mussap
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A comparison of cost-effectiveness of peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) (Pegasys) plus ribavirin (copegus) vs interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin as first treatment of chronic hepatitus C (CHC)
Authors: S.D. Sullivan, J. Green, K.K. Patel, A. Crtaxi, A. Alberti, G. Giuliani, C. De Carli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Activation of clones producing self-reactive antibodies by foreign antigen and antiidiotype antibody carrying the internal image of the antigen.
Authors: N C Bailey, V Fidanza, R Mayer, G Mazza, M Fougereau, C Bona
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Because we found in previous work that a high fraction of antibodies exhibiting various specificities bound to glutamic acid 50-tyrosine50 homopolymer (GT) and expressed pGAT cross-reactive idiotype (IdX), we studied the activation of clones producing multireactive antibodies in 1-mo-old MRL/lpr and C3H/HeJ mice bearing VHJ haplotype. The activation of such clones was studied after mice were immunized with GT in CFA, HP20 (an anti-Id MAb carrying the internal image of GT in the D region), and a synthetic peptide corresponding to the D segment of HP20. Our results indicate that immunized mice produced both GT- and self-reactive antibodies. Study of the immunochemical properties of MAb showed that they exhibit multispecific properties and bind with similar-affinity constants to GT or self-antigens such as DNA, Smith antigen (Sm), and IgG2a. An important fraction of antibodies obtained from MRL/lpr mice immunized with HP20 expressed pGAT IdX and some of these antibodies share IdX expressed on anti-DNA, Sm, and rheumatoid factor (RFs) antibodies. The hybridomas producing multispecific autoantibodies use heavy-chain- (VH) and light-chain-variable region (VK) genes from various V gene families, suggesting that they do not derive from the pool of GAT precursors. Sequencing of VH and VK genes of two antibodies show that they can use closely related VHJ558, unmutated VK1, or different VK genes than those used by anti-GT antibodies. Our data demonstrate that clones producing antibodies binding to GT and self-antigens with similar-affinity constants can be activated by foreign or anti-Id antibodies carrying the internal image of the antigen or even by a synthetic peptide corresponding to the D segment of anti-Id antibodies.
The fragile male
Authors: S. Kraemer
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The human male is, on most measures, more vulnerable than the female. Part of the explanation is the biological fragility of the male fetus, which is little understood and not widely known. A typical attitude to boys is that they are, or must be made, more resilient than girls. This adds “social insult to biological injury.” Culture and class make a difference to the health and survival of boys. The data presented here have implications for the clinical management of male patients as well as for the upbringing of boys.

#### Summary points

The disadvantages of the male are usually seen as socially mediated

Even from conception, before social effects come into play, males are more vulnerable than females

Social attitudes about the resilience of boys compound the biological deficit

Male mortality is greater than female mortality throughout life

The causes are a mixture of biological and social pressures: we need to be aware of both in order to promote better development and health for boys and men

At conception there are more male than female embryos. This may be because the spermatozoa carrying the Y chromosome swim faster than those carrying X. The male's pole position is, however, immediately challenged. External maternal stress around the time of conception is associated with a reduction in the male to female sex ratio, suggesting that the male embryo is more vulnerable than the female.1 From this point on it is downhill all the way. The male fetus is at greater risk of death or damage from almost all the obstetric catastrophes that can happen before birth.2 Perinatal brain damage,3 cerebral palsy,4 congenital deformities of the genitalia and limbs, premature birth, and stillbirth are commoner in boys,5 and by the time a boy is born he is on average developmentally some …
Guidelines for the Family Therapeutic Approach to Eating Disorders
Authors: Johan Vanderlinden, Walter Vandereycken
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

After a brief historical overview of the literature on family therapy in eating disorders, the authors' own clinical experience is summarized in some practical guidelines: give the family therapist a central position within the team, engage the family and/or spouse as co-therapist, explore the message of the eating disorder on different levels, neutralize the symptoms outside of the family interaction, promote direct communication, facilitate the separation-individuation process, and be available for a long time. Finally some special issues are discussed: sexual and/or physical abuse in the family, broken-home situations and single-parent families, married and chronic patients.
Focus: Brussels: Blood is a European issue
Authors: R Watson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Debate on the best strategy for achieving the ultimate goal of self sufficiency in blood and plasma within the European Union is beginning to enter a critical phase. For the first time the profit making and non-profit making sections of the industry laid to one side their differences and met recently to consider the sector's future. More importantly, new research shortly to be published is expected to show that the goal of European self sufficiency in blood products is further away than originally thought.

How the European Union handles its blood and plasma needs is not just a medical question. Last year's outcry in Germany when patients were transfused with HIV …
Race, Wealth, and Solid Waste Facilities in North Carolina
Authors: Jennifer M. Norton, Steve Wing, Hester J. Lipscomb, Jay S. Kaufman, Stephen W. Marshall, Altha J. Cravey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Concern has been expressed in North Carolina that solid waste facilities may be disproportionately located in poor communities and in communities of color, that this represents an environmental injustice, and that solid waste facilities negatively impact the health of host communities.Our goal in this study was to conduct a statewide analysis of the location of solid waste facilities in relation to community race and wealth.We used census block groups to obtain racial and economic characteristics, and information on solid waste facilities was abstracted from solid waste facility permit records. We used logistic regression to compute prevalence odds ratios for 2003, and Cox regression to compute hazard ratios of facilities issued permits between 1990 and 2003.The adjusted prevalence odds of a solid waste facility was 2.8 times greater in block groups with > or = 50% people of color compared with block groups with < 10% people of color, and 1.5 times greater in block groups with median house values < 60,000 dollars compared with block groups with median house values > or = 100,000 dollars. Among block groups that did not have a previously permitted solid waste facility, the adjusted hazard of a new permitted facility was 2.7 times higher in block groups with > or = 50% people of color compared with block groups with < 10% people of color.Solid waste facilities present numerous public health concerns. In North Carolina solid waste facilities are disproportionately located in communities of color and low wealth. In the absence of action to promote environmental justice, the continued need for new facilities could exacerbate this environmental injustice.