tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peroxynitrite and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: D M McCAFFERTY
Journal: Gut (2000)

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract which lead an unpredictable clinical course undergoing a succession of exacerbations and remissions of variable intensity. The highest incidence rates for IBD are found in developed countries of the northern hemisphere (UK, Scandinavia, Canada, USA) with the average annual incidence ranging from six to 13 new cases per year per 100 000 of the general population.1 For the patient, the consequences of IBD include rectal bleeding, diarrhoea, weight loss, and a reduced quality of life and may even result in death (mortality rate for UK, USA, Canada, Scandinavia ∼3.9 per 106 per year (combined statistics from 1950 to 19942)).

Investigators working on the aetiology of IBD have proposed many factors which are thought to be involved in the initiation or exacerbation, or both, of the inflammatory process. Some of these factors include increased epithelial permeability, inappropriate neutrophil infiltration into the intestine, activation of mast cells, and increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines, leukotrienes, reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs)). In addition, over the past 10 years, the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO•) has received considerable attention as an important player in the pathogenesis of IBD.3-5 NO•is a free radical produced from l-arginine via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Alone, NO• is a weak free radical; however, it can react with superoxide (O2 −•) to produce peroxynitrite (OONO−) a highly toxic reactive nitrogen intermediary. In 1990, Beckman and colleagues6 showed that peroxynitrite had hydroxyl radical (•OH)-like activity at physiological pH and proposed a pathophysiological role for peroxynitrite. This work has since generated substantial interest in the role of peroxynitrite in IBD as it may provide an explanation for pathological roles …
1232 INCREASED HEV SEROPREVALENCE IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS
Authors: S. Pischke, A. Gisa, T. Witte, P.V. Suneetha, B. Bremer, R. Raupach, P. Lehmann, M. Darnedde, H. Bantel, R. Taubert, E. Jaeckel, K. Rifai, M. Cornberg, R.E. Schmidt, M.P. Manns, H. Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Medical staffing: Smaller trusts face huge problems with the "new deal"
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Many smaller trusts and trusts in rural areas are experiencing great difficulty in complying with the requirements of the new deal, which restricts junior doctors' hours of work. And from August 2003 trusts that issue contracts that do not comply with the new deal could be sued for breach of contract.

The Audit Commission report says these trusts will experience even more problems with the implementation in 2004 of the …
Successful Cardiac Transplantation in an HIV-1–Infected Patient with Advanced Disease
Authors: Leonard H. Calabrese, Mary Albrecht, James Young, Patrick McCarthy, Marcus Haug, John Jarcho, Robert Zackin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has greatly improved the long-term outcome of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reports successful cardiac transplantation in a patient infected with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in whom heart failure had developed after daunorubicin therapy for Kaposi's sarcoma.
Indian health ministry orders encephalitis vaccination in select districts after more than 500 deaths
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2014)

India’s health minister, Harsh Vardhan, has ordered that everything be done to ensure 100% immunisation coverage of children living in select Indian districts that are plagued each year by two strains of encephalitis. The immunisation drive will take place on 22 and 23 June.1

The move came after recent deaths among children in Bihar and a death toll in Uttar Pradesh of more than 500 in the past year. Recent figures showed that 124 children had now succumbed to acute encephalitis syndrome in the state of Bihar.2

The World Health Organization3 4 has said that acute encephalitis syndrome is …
Letter by Correia and Barreto-Filho Regarding Article, “Predictors of Outcomes in Medically Treated Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes After Angiographic Triage: An Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy (ACUITY) Substudy”
Authors: Luis C.L. Correia, José Augusto Barreto-Filho
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Avian Flu Risk to Humans Probed
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prospective seroepidemiological evidence that human papillomavirus type 16 infection is a risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: J Dillner, P Knekt, J T Schiller, T Hakulinen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The genome of the major type of human papillomavirus that is associated with anogenital cancer, HPV16, is occasionally found in non-genital cancers, such as oesophageal cancer and various cancers of the head and neck,1 but it is not clear whether human papillomavirus infection is a measurable risk factor for these cancers. Since seropositivity for HPV16 capsids has documented specificity for HPV16 infection,2 serological testing can provide information on whether HPV16 infection is a risk factor for disease development. Previously we found that HPV16 capsid seropositivity was a risk factor for both cervical and anal cancers at odds ratios of 9.5 and 30.4 respectively.3 Therefore we designed a prospective study to assess whether HPV16 infection is also a risk factor for oesophageal or head and neck cancers.

During 1968-72 the mobile clinic …
An Atlas of Human Anatomy.
Authors: David L. Bassett
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The second edition of this atlas comes 13 years after the original, amplifying the pattern established in the earlier work. More than 150 new illustrations have been added, including some from the classical "Warren's Handbook of Anatomy." The unique feature of this volume is that it incorporates the results of detailed analysis that the author and his associates have carried out for many years on the variations of many structures and relationships of significance in the body. These results have now been summarized in pictorial form and provide valuable information for the inquisitive student. In general, the material covered has been limited to what students can demonstrate in the regular study of the cadaver. The author has purposely omitted much material, both descriptive and pictorial, that is available in specialized treatises of embryology, histology, and neuroanatomy. This approach is defensible enough, although the reviewer feels that omission of all the
Abstract 5509: The role of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase in methotrexate-induced cell death in human squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li-Jin Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Refractory cancer cells to initial chemotherapy in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) may cause subsequent disease relapse and distant metastasis. We show that the susceptibility of SCC cancer cells to methotrexate (MTX) was associated with higher expression levels of tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (designated WWOX, FOR or WOX1). Upregulation of WWOX/WOX1 expression by MTX treatment, accompanied by caspase activation and apoptotic cell death, was observed in MTX-sensitive SCC cell lines and tumor biopsies. Ectopically overexpressed WWOX/WOX1 sensitized MTX-resistant SCC-9 cells to MTX-induced apoptosis. Conversely, transient expression of a dominant negative mutant or an siRNA construct targeting WWOX/WOX1 suppressed MTX-mediated cell death in SCC-15 cells. Interestingly, following MTX treatment, significant downregulation of autophagy-related Beclin-1, Atg12-Atg5 and LC3-II protein expression and autophagosome formation was observed in MTX-sensitive SCC-15 cells, while autophagy remained robust in MTX-resistant SCC-9 cells. Increased phosphorylation of mTOR and its downstream substrate p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) was detected in MTX-treated SCC-15 cells, whereas MTX suppressed the autophagy-inhibitory mTOR signaling in SCC-9 cells. We determined that activation of mTOR and p70S6K by MTX treatment in SCC-15 cells was mediated by WWOX/WOX1. Ectopic overexpression of WWOX/WOX1 in SCC cells induced significant downregulation of Beclin-1, Atg12-Atg5 and LC3-II protein expression, and MTX treatment exacerbated their diminution. Suppression of WWOX/WOX1 by lentiviral shRNA prevented MTX-induced reduction in LC3-II expression in SCC-15 cells. Our findings indicate that WWOX/WOX1 renders SCC cells susceptible to MTX-induced apoptosis by dampening autophagy, and the failure to induce WWOX/WOX1 expression leads to chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Li-Jin Hsu. The role of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase in methotrexate-induced cell death in human squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5509. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5509
Dominant TNF-α+ Mycobacterium tuberculosis–specific CD4+ T cell responses discriminate between latent infection and active disease
Authors: Alexandre Harari, Virginie Rozot, Felicitas Bellutti Enders, Matthieu Perreau, Jesica Mazza Stalder, Laurent P Nicod, Matthias Cavassini, Thierry Calandra, Catherine Lazor Blanchet, Katia Jaton, Mohamed Faouzi, Cheryl L Day, Willem A Hanekom, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Giuseppe Pantaleo
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Multiple Polyposis of the Colon, Osteomatosis and Soft-Tissue Tumors
Authors: Robert S. Weiner, Philip Cooper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ON the Surgical Service of the Veterans Administration Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, we have had the opportunity to observe and treat 3 brothers with an unusual combination of abnormalities.In reviewing the literature we have found a similar syndrome described in only 1 other family. It was believed that the case histories of these brothers should be studied and reported in view of the rarity of this disease syndrome.Gardner et al.1 2 3 reported multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions occurring simultaneously with multiple polyposis of the colon and osteomas in 6 members of a family group of 51 living persons. Forty-four . . .
The role of penicillin in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria
Authors: W.J. BOONK, W.G. KETEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article The role of penicillin in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria Get access W.J. BOONK, W.J. BOONK Department of Dermatology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands W.J.Boonk, Free University Hospital, de Boelelaan 1117,1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.G. VAN KETEL W.G. VAN KETEL Department of Dermatology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 106, Issue 2, 1 February 1982, Pages 183–190, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00927.x Published: 01 February 1982 Article history Accepted: 07 January 1981 Published: 01 February 1982
Quantitative paradigm for analysis of multiple subtypes of immune system cells in lung cancer tissues
Authors: Mirza Peljto, Justin Major, Joseph S Krueger, Holger Lange, Famke Aeffner, G David Young, JD Alvarez, Michael Sharp, Manuel Alejandro Sepulveda, AJ Milici
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The state of the immune system is reflected, in part, by the cell populations present in individual tissues which reflect the tumor microenvironment (TME). Several studies have suggested that understanding the TME constituents is useful for predicting drug response outcomes.
Renal structure in early autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): The Consortium for Radiologic Imaging Studies of Polycystic Kidney Disease (CRISP) cohort1
Authors: Arlene B. Chapman, Lisa M. Guay-Woodford, Jared J. Grantham, Vicente E. Torres, Kyongtae T. Bae, Deborah A. Baumgarten, Philip J. Kenney, Bernard F. King, James F. Glockner, Louis H. Wetzel, Marijn E. Brummer, W. Charles O'Neill, Michelle L. Robbin, William M. Bennett, Saulo Klahr, Gladys H. Hirschman, Paul L. Kimmel, Paul A. Thompson, J. Philip Miller
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
A Pay-for-Population Health Performance System
Authors: David A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prophylactic tenofovir reduced HIV infection in injectable drug users
Authors: Bradley S. Bender
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Choopanya K, Martin M, Suntharasamai P, et al; Bangkok Tenofovir Study Group. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV infection in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand (the Bangkok Tenofovir Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2013;381:2083-90. 23769234
The Global Health Security Agenda in an Age of Biosecurity
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin, Alexandra Phelan
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiological approach to quality assessment in echocardiographic diagnosis
Authors: Alan K Berger, John S Gottdiener, Mary Anne Yohe, Jose L Guerrero
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)

This study sought to determine whether statistical analysis of a computerized clinical diagnostic database can be used as a tool for quality assessment by determining the contribution of reader bias to variance in diagnostic output.In industry, measurement of product uniformity is a key component of quality assessment. In echocardiography, quality assessment has focused on review of small numbers of cases, or prospective determination of reader variability in selected and relatively small subsets. However, diagnostic biases in clinical practice might be discerned utilizing large computerized databases to determine interreader differences in diagnostic prevalence and, with use of appropriate statistical methods, to determine the association of reader selection with diagnostic prevalence independently of other covariates.We analyzed 6,026 echocardiograms in a computerized database, read by one of three level 3 (American Society of Echocardiography) readers, for differences in frequency among four coded echocardiographic diagnoses: mitral valve prolapse, valvular vegetations, left ventricular (LV) thrombus, and LV regional wall-motion abnormality.Significant differences (up to fourfold) were found between readers, which persisted after statistical adjustment for those population characteristics, which differed slightly between readers. The low population prevalence of these conditions would have made it unlikely that these interreader differences could be detected by nonstatistical methods. Additionally, chamber dimensions differed between readers and were not normally distributed.Statistically based quality assessment analysis of computerized clinical databases facilitates ongoing monitoring of interreader bias despite low diagnostic prevalence, and targets opportunities for subsequent quality improvement.
Influenza—1965-66: The Outlook and the Vaccine.
Authors: H. Bruce Dull
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Influenza—1965-66: The Outlook and the Vaccine.H. Bruce Dull, M.D.H. Bruce Dull, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-914_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe multitude of respiratory viruses currently being identified gives a contemporary framework in which to review the medical and economic importance of influenza. Although the general burden of respiratory disease is impressive in terms of days lost from school, work, or military duty, influenza remains the only entity among respirovirus illnesses capable of producing measurably increased excess mortality. The elderly and the chronically ill have repeatedly been shown to be most vulnerable to influenza and its bacterial or other pathological complications.In order to encompass the epidemiological observations that characterize influenza and to develop meaningful plans for prevention, it is... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: H. Bruce Dull, M.D.Affiliations: Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 914-914KeywordsArmed forcesElderlyMortalityPulmonary diseasesVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lupus Anticoagulant, Thrombosis, and Fetal Loss
Authors: Donald I. Feinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The so-called lupus anticoagulant is an antibody (IgG or IgM or both) that prolongs phospholipid-dependent coagulation tests by binding to epitopes on the phospholipid portion of prothrombinase (a complex of factor Xa, factor Va, phospholipid, and calcium).1 The anticoagulant derives its name from the fact that it was originally described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and its site of action was unknown. Although this name has persisted, it is clearly a misnomer, since it has become clear that the lupus anticoagulant is more frequently encountered in patients without lupus, and it is not associated with abnormal bleeding in most . . .
Consciousness, higher-order thought, and stimulus reinforcement
Authors: José Luis Bermúdez
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Rolls defends a higher-order thought theory of phenomenal consciousness, mapping the distinction between conscious and non-conscious states onto a distinction between two types of action and corresponding neural pathways. Only one type of action involves higher-order thought and consequently consciousness. This account of consciousness has implausible consequences for the nature of stimulus-reinforcement learning.
Prophylactic Use of a Probiotic in the Prevention of Colic, Regurgitation, and Functional Constipation—Reply
Authors: Flavia Indrio, Antonio Di Mauro, Giuseppe Riezzo
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal