tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Familial Neuroblastoma and Ganglioneuroma
Authors: Jane V. Bond
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their report of a case of neuroblastoma in father and son, Arenson et al (235:727, 1976) suggest that the incidence of familial neuroblastoma may be greater than that observed to date, one reason being that the tumor may regress spontaneously or mature to a more benign lesion, particularly in infants. It is only relatively recently that the significance of familial cases of the embryonal tumors has begun to be appreciated. Many of these cases may well have gone unreported in the past. In a recent retrospective survey of children seen at this hospital with neuroblastoma,<sup>1</sup>a further case was found involving mother and son. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 3-year-old boy had an abdominal mass that was found during a routine examination. An intravenous pyelogram demonstrated a calcified mass displacing the right kidney downwards. The vanillylmandelic acid level was 31.5 mg/24 hours. There was roentgenographic evidence
ON-PUMP VERSUS OFF-PUMP CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED AGE: FIVE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF MASS III TRIAL
Authors: Rodrigo MV Melo, Whady Hueb, Fernando TC Oikawa, Leandro Costa, Carlos Serrano, Cibele Garzillo, Paulo Rezende, Eduardo Lima, Desiderio Favarato, Alexandre Hueb, Jose Ramires, Roberto Kalil-Filho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effects of nitroglycerin and nitroprusside on large and small coronary vessels in conscious dogs.
Authors: P Macho, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The effects of nitroglycerin (NTG) and nitroprusside (NPR) were examined in conscious dogs on measurements of left circumflex coronary blood flow and coronary diameter and on calculations of late diastolic coronary resistance (LDCR) and left circumflex coronary internal cross-sectional area (CSA). The effects of infusions of NTG, 8 microgram/kg/Min for 7 minutes, and NPR, 2.5 microgram/kg/min for 7 minutes, were compared. These doses of NTG and NPR induced similar effects on mean arterial and left ventricular (LV) systolic and end-diastolic pressure, heart rate and LV dP/dt. However, NTG induced significantly greater (p less than 0.05) increases in CSA than NPR, while NPR induced significantly greater (p less than 0.05) reductions in LDCR than NTG. Just before cessation of infusion, CSA rose by 29.2 +/- 4.7% with NTG and by 22.7 +/- 3.9% with NPR, while LDCR fell by 8.8 +/- 3.3% with NTG and by 21.6 +/- 2.7% with NPR. Moreover, the effects of NTG on CSA were significantly more sustained than those for NPR. Thus, NTG and NPR in conscious dogs, in doses that exert similar general hemodynamic effects, elicit qualitatively similar but quantitatively different effects on small vs large coronary vessels. Whereas NTG induced significantly less dilation of small coronary vessels, it exerted significantly larger and longer lasting effects on large coronary arteries.
THE BODYBUILDER WHO COULDN’T LIFT: ANTISYNTHETASE SYNDROME-ASSOCIATED MYOCARDITIS
Authors: Kavita Sharma, Ana-Maria Orbai, Dipan Desai, Oscar Cingolani, Marc Halushka, Lisa Christopher-Stein, Andrew Mammen, Katherine Wu, Sammy Zakaria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
690 PATATIN-LIKE PHOSPHOLIPASE-3 (PNPLA3) VARIATION AND BILIARY TRACT CANCER RISK
Authors: V. Zimmer, A. Höblinger, F. Mihalache, M. Krawczyk, F. Grünhage, M. Acalovschi, F. Lammert
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The dilemma of diagnosing coronary calcification: Angiography versus intravascular ultrasound
Authors: E.Murat Tuzcu, Berktan Berkalp, Anthony C. De Franco, Stephen G. Ellis, Marlene Goormastic, Patrick L. Whitlow, Irving Franco, Russell E. Raymond, Steven E. Nissen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Prevalence, circumstances, mechanisms, and risk stratification of sudden cardiac death in unipolar single-chamber ventricular pacing.
Authors: M Zehender, C Büchner, T Meinertz, H Just
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Permanent cardiac pacing is well established for the improvement of prognosis and quality of life in patients with severe bradycardia. However, sudden cardiac death still remains an unresolved problem, as it occurs in approximately 20-30% of paced patients. This 2-year follow-up study was directed at prospectively assessing prevalence, circumstances, and mechanisms of sudden death in 2,021 permanently paced patients.During the observation period, 220 patients (11%) died (mean pacing interval, 50.5 +/- 7 months). Lethal cerebrovascular events in 66 of 220 patients (30%) and sudden death in 49 of 220 patients (23%) were the two most frequently reported modes of death. Nonsudden (first year, 20%; subsequent years, 6.9%; p less than 0.01) and sudden death mortality rate (4% versus 1.8%, p less than 0.05) were highest during the first year. Mortality was unrelated to the patient's activity status at the time of death. Sudden cardiac death occurred more often in male patients (increased risk, 1.7 versus female patients; p less than 0.001) and patients younger than 60 years of age (5.2 versus patients older than 60 years, p less than 0.001). Patients with severe bradycardia (sudden death rate, 28%), severe atrioventricular block (25%), or atrial fibrillation with low ventricular rate (25%) before pacemaker implantation were more likely to suffer from sudden cardiac death than patients with previous syncopal attacks (sudden death rate, 15%) or sick sinus syndrome (17%). The highest incidence of sudden death was observed in patients with bifascicular and trifascicular bundle branch block. In this group, 35% of patients died suddenly during the follow-up period compared with 18% of patients without bundle branch block. In a subsequent study in 90 consecutive patients with various types of bundle branch block, undersensing of up to 13% of ectopic ventricular beats occurred in patients with bifascicular block. Pacing-induced tachyarrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation were documented in 10% of undersensed ectopic ventricular beats as well as in the setting of atrial fibrillation associated with ventricular arrhythmias.Young age, male sex, and a severely diseased heart indicated by the presence of bifascicular and trifascicular bundle branch block are the strongest predictive clinical parameters for sudden cardiac death, especially in the first year after pacemaker implantation.
RECENT VIEWS RESPECTING THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LITHÆMIA.
Authors: JAMES J. PUTNAM
Journal: JAMA (1883)

(Read before the Section for Clinical Medicine, Pathology, and Hygiene of the Suffolk District Medical Society, November, 14, 1883. It is well known that a tendency has been manifest of late among medical men in this country, as for a long time past in England, to diagnosticate as suppressed pressed gout, or lithæmia, cases presenting a great variety of nervous symptoms, often anomalous and distressing in character, generally occurring in patients of gouty, but sometimes even in those of nongouty gouty descent. This tendency has been met in many quarters with incredulity, and some men of conservative temperament would be well content to let the matter slip by with a verdict of non-proven. Where no overt gout exists it is gratuitous to assume suppressed gout, they say, and the argument seems applicable to this country try and generation, in which overt gout is so rare. Such an attitude seems to
Remarks on the Treatment of Peritonitis by Drainage, with Illustrative Cases
Authors: G. Barling
Journal: BMJ (1894)

paper, giving the results of a bacteriological examilnation of 198 cases of clholera.In these cases they found the bacillus virgula abundant in 20, moderately abundant in 107, in small numbers and difficult to find in 24, and absent in 45.In the 45 cases in which no comma bacillus was found, the bacterium coli commune was found alone in 15; associated with staphylococci, streptococci, or rarely the B. pyocyaneus in 30.Protective inoculation miglht be said to have some bearing on the question of diagnosis, but the evidence obtained by the work of Ferrin, Gamaleia, Haffkine, Klemperer, Kleill, Metchnikoff, Pawlowsky, and Buchstab, etc., is of a nature which does not encourage reliance on suCh a method of diagnosis at tlle present time.GENERAL CONCLUSIONS.Althouhli I am fully aware of the objectionis wlhich Koch night offer, and has indeed offered, to some of the observa- tions related above, it seems to me that the following con- clusions can hardly be avoided:- '1.It is as yet impossible to speak dogmatically of the in- fallibility of the bacteriological diagnosis of cholera Asiatica.2. All the more recent observations point to the import- ance of the contamination of water and soil with dejecta as a cause of outbreaks of cholera similar to Indian cholera.3. These recent observations undoubtedly lend much sup- port to the localistic views of Cunningham and of Petten- kofer, though in tlleir details tllese views may lhave to be modified.NOTE.-It is evident tlhat until it is possible to speak more positively, the bacteriological examination will have to be conducted with even nore care than it has been hiitherto, as only in this way will it be possible to remove all the doubts that remain.
Representation of authors and editors from poor countries: Quality medical research from poor countries could be privileged in high impact journals
Authors: Joseph Y S Ting
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Editor-Despite research in tropical medicine being undertaken in countries from low human development index, authorship and editorial opinion remain with countries from higher development index.This unfair trend observed by Keiser et al demands to be addressed and overturned. 1 This observed bias may arise because countries of high human development index fund the bulk of research in tropical medicine. 2 3Authors from these countries have prepared the grant applications, taken principal investigator status, and believe that they should take primary or terminal authorship.Researchers from low human development index countries can break this cycle only if they can obtain international funding themselves or are allowed authorship by the principal investigators.It seems this is rarely extended to the collaborators in tropical countries, even though they are the ones practically conducting the study.If such generosity in authorship and mentorship were provided, this would enable researchers from low human devel-
Prison rites: starting to inject inside
Authors: S. M Gore, A G. Bird, A. J Ross
Journal: BMJ (1995)

In 1993 an outbreak of HIV infection occurred within Glenochil prison, caused by sharing of infected needles.1 To determine the nature of injecting behaviour within prison we performed surveys in two Scottish prisons, Glenochil and Barlinnie, which combined voluntary anonymous testing of saliva samples for HIV and completion of a linked questionnaire asking about risk factors.2

The surveys were performed in Glenochil prison in July 19943 and in Barlinnie prison in September 1994.4 Seventy five questionnaires in Glenochil and 327 in Barlinnie were from injector-inmates; 25% of injectors in Glenochil (18/72, 95% confidence interval 15% to 35%) and 6% (20/319; 3% to 9%) of Barlinnie injectors reported that they had started to inject inside a prison.2 4 Half the prisoners, and three quarters of injectors, came from Glasgow. Barlinnie is a local prison for the Glasgow area, whereas Glenochil holds men serving longer …
Genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer risk
Authors: V. A. Kazandjian
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —Western medicine is at a crossroads regarding the understanding of health and disease. Indeed, the discovery of genetic predisposition to diseases previously believed to be primarily caused by exposure is changing our appreciation of multifactorialism. Increasingly, biomedical scientists are compelled to learn more about the patient to understand the disease and to appreciate the patient's culture in order to prescribe the acceptable path toward healing the ailment. In short, the discovery of oncogenes may have transformed Western medicine from a disease management doctrine to a social science, perhaps revisiting the nature vs nurture conundrum. And in that transformation medicine may have rediscovered a concept common to many cultures— the concept of destiny.  That a person's N -acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) profile increases susceptibility to breast cancer is a proposition similar to those derived from other potential correlations discovered in the past few years between genetics and incidence of
Reproducibility and validity of ultrasound for the measurement of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues
Authors: Inga Schlecht, Philipp Wiggermann, Gundula Behrens, Beate Fischer, Manja Koch, Johanna Freese, Diana Rubin, Ute Nöthlings, Christian Stroszczynski, Michael F. Leitzmann
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Pathologic Basis of Disease
Authors: Nelson R. Niles
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<i>Pathologic Basis of Disease</i>by Stanley L. Robbins is really the fourth edition of his<i>Pathology</i>. Appropriate updating and addition enhance the otherwise identical format, sequence, writing, and illustrations. So many medical students have benefited from this source that it may be the best known general book in the field. I recommend it even more now. Like his former texts, this will be enjoyed for its readability. He clearly lays out a great deal of information. When he includes minutiae, the reasons are clear and one feels that all the material is pertinent. Robbins keeps the whole field in perspective—that is, he does not dwell so long or so heavily on pathologic anatomy or pathogenesis as to tempt the reader to overlook clinical presentation or prognosis. A great strength of the subject of pathology is that it bonds strongly with many other medical sciences and specialties and thus occupies the
Preventing Myocardial Infarction With Vaccination
Authors: Mohammad Madjid, Daniel M. Musher
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prediction of oral absorption of griseofulvin, a BCS class II drug, based on GITA model: Utilization of a more suitable medium for in-vitro dissolution study
Authors: Yoshitsugu Fujioka, Keitaro Kadono, Yasuko Fujie, Yukiko Metsugi, Ken-ichi Ogawara, Kazutaka Higaki, Toshikiro Kimura
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
ADULT TERTIAN MALARIAL PARASITES ATTACHED TO PERIPHERAL CORPUSCULAR MOUNDS. THE EXTRACELLULAR RELATION OF THE PARASITES TO THE RED CORPUSCLES
Authors: Mary R. Lawson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

1. The malarial parasite is extracellular throughout its entire life cycle; that is, when it is not free in the blood serum, it is attached to the external surface of the red corpuscle. 2. Adult parasites follow the same procedure in attaching themselves to the outer surface of the red corpuscles as do the young parasites. 3. Adult parasites are most frequently seen attached to surface corpuscular mounds. 4. Corpuscular mounds projecting at the periphery of the red corpuscles and encircled by the pseudopodia of adult parasites, are proof positive of the extracellular relation of the adult parasite to the red corpuscle. 5. Adult parasites attached to peripheral corpuscular mounds are only found in appreciable numbers when the red corpuscles are not badly damaged, so that the mounds show more or less hemoglobin content. 6. The nuclei or protoplasm of adult parasites extending beyond the periphery of the red corpuscles is additional evidence of the extracellular relation of the parasites to the red corpuscle.
MEXICAN TAX ON SAMPLES
Authors: Eugene Stadelman
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It would please the men of the medical profession throughout the republic of Mexico if you would call the attention of the manufacturers of drugs and chemicals, through your columns, to the fact that the Mexican government has imposed an import duty charge on catalogues and samples of drugs, medicines, tablets, etc. The daily receipt of numerous samples of medicines, pills, tablets and ampules of remedies for intravenous and intramuscular use is beginning to pall on us, especially as we are charged from ten cents to a peso for each sample.
DZNep inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer HCT116 cells by inducing senescence and apoptosis
Authors: Mingquan Sha, Genxiang Mao, Guofu Wang, Yufeng Chen, Xiaojian Wu, Zhen Wang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

EZH2 is over-expressed in human colon cancer and is closely associated with tumor proliferation, metastasis and poor prognosis. Targeting and inhibiting EZH2 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for colon cancer. 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), as an EZH2 inhibitor, can suppress cancer cell growth. However, the anti-cancer role of DZNep in colon cancer cells has been rarely studied. In this study, we demonstrate that DZNep can inhibit the growth and survival of colon cancer HCT116 cells by inducing cellular senescence and apoptosis. The study provides a novel view of anti-cancer mechanisms of DZNep in human colon cancer cells.
Abstract P1-03-09: Combination of <i>nab</i>-Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab Inhibited Tumor Growth and Metastasis of New Inflammatory Breast Cancer Models
Authors: LD Volk, A Wilber, V Trieu, N Desai, S. Ran
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly lethal form of breast cancer which is characterized by skin redness, irritation, swelling, pain, as well as extensive lymph nodes (LN) and hematogenous metastasis. Animal models of IBC are highly desirable for studying its pathology and for designing effective therapies. In this study, we established two new luciferase-and fluorescently-labeled IBC models and tested the efficacy of the novel drug combination nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab. Methods: Inflammatory SUM149 breast cancer cells were stably transfected with Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) and Renilla luciferase to establish SUM149-RR, or infected with lentivirus encoding Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and Firefly luciferase to establish SUM149- GL. The new cell lines were characterized both in vitro and in vivo. Immunodeficient mice bearing SUM149-RR tumors of 150mm3 in size were treated with saline (control), bevacizumab (4 mg/kg, i.p., twice a week, for 10 weeks), nab-paclitaxel (10 mg/kg, i.v., qdx5), or the combination. Metastasis was analyzed by measuring luciferase activity in the lymph nodes (LN) and lungs. Results: Luciferase measurements and in vivo imaging showed that both SUM149-RR and-GL clones were highly metastatic to LN, lungs, liver, brain, and spleen. SUM149-RR tumors in control mice displayed ulcerations, edema and redness similar to the clinical disease, while tumors in mice treated with bevacizumab or combination therapy showed no signs of inflammation. Bevacizumab alone decreased tumor growth at later but not early stages of tumor growth, whereas nab-paclitaxel alone inhibited tumor growth by 73%. Combination therapy increased inhibition to 96%, and resulted in 22% (2/9) complete responses. Histologically, tumors from bevacizumab treated groups were more morphologically intact with reduced vascular abnormalities than tumors from control or nab-paclitaxel treated mice. LN and lung metastasis was significantly reduced in all treated groups as compared with control. Conclusions: The SUM149-RR and SUM149-GL lines are new double-tagged models of human IBC that allow organ visualization and accurate quantification of metastasis. These models can be used to study the biology and treatment of IBC. Combination of nab-paclitaxel with bevacizumab was highly effective against SUM149-RR, suggesting the potential usefulness of this regimen for treatment of IBC patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-09.
Pulmonary vascular structure and function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: F Magee, J L Wright, B R Wiggs, P D Pare, J C Hogg
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Cardiac catheterization data from eight patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease and pulmonary hypertension at rest (greater than 25 mm Hg) were compared with those obtained from 14 patients with mild to moderate disease whose pulmonary artery pressure was within the normal range at rest (mean 15 (SEM 1) mm Hg), but increased with exercise (30 (2) mm Hg). We obtained lung sections from necropsy material from the group with severe disease, and from surgical specimens in the group with mild to moderate disease, and compared the structure of the vasculature in these groups with that obtained from surgical specimens in a non-smoking control group of seven patients. Oxygen administration either at rest or during exercise did not greatly affect the pulmonary arterial pressures. When cardiac index was plotted against pulmonary artery pressure at rest and during exercise and extrapolated to the axis there was no evidence for a critical closing pressure in either group. The vessels in the groups with mild to moderate and severe chronic obstructive lung disease showed intimal thickening (each 19% (SD 0.5%)) by comparison with the non-smoking group (16% (0.5%]. The group with severe disease, in addition, had medial hypertrophy (27% (0.5%) versus 24% (SD 1%) in the non-smoking group). These data are consistent with the idea that the diseased vessels are distorted and rigid. The lack of effect of breathing oxygen on the vascular response at rest and during exercise suggests that hypoxic vasoconstriction has a minimal role in the pulmonary hypertension of chronic obstructive lung disease. The data suggest that the intimal changes could narrow the vessel calibre in those patients with mild to moderate disease, and that the thickened media present in the vessels from patients with severe disease may act in concert with the enlarged intima to produce more severe vascular obstruction.
THE TEACHING OF PHARMACOLOGY
Authors: ARTHUR D. HIRSCHFELDER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our last chairman made a plea to bring the practice of clinical medicine closer to pharmacology. I should like to make a plea to bring the teaching of pharmacology closer to clinical medicine. In saying this I have no desire to return one inch toward the old style teaching of empiricism, or to lessen one iota in the teaching of the physiologic action of drugs. I have selected this subject, trite as it is, on account of the difficulties which I myself encountered as a medical student in the study of pharmacology, and which I meet again in my own students and in the students of other medical teachers. I believe that these difficulties are not entirely inherent in the nature of the subject. Medical students have difficulty in grasping, assimilating and remembering the facts of pharmacology because they have too few pegs on which to hang them; and the