tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CARDIOVASCULAR REACTIONS TO EMOTIONAL STIMULI. EFFECT ON THE CARDIAC OUTPUT, ARTERIOVENOUS OXYGEN DIFFERENCE, ARTERIAL PRESSURE, AND PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE 1
Authors: John B. Hickam, Walter H. Cargill, Abner Golden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

INTRODUCTION  Emotional disturbances may have a profound effect on the circulation, causing changes in the heart rate, cardiac output (1 and 2), blood pressure, tone of peripheral vessels, and the electrocardiogram (3). This is particularly true of the emotional state which may develop in persons who find themselves in a hazardous situation. For present purposes this emotional state is termed anxiety, although it is recognized that other reactions such as resentment or anger may also occur, depending upon the individual and the circumstances. In any study on unanesthetized human subjects, changes produced by anxiety may mask completely the physiologic or pharmacologic effects which are obvious in a relaxed subject. In the interpretation of experimental data. objective criteria by which it can be established, or even suspected, that anxiety is having an effect on cardiovascular function are useful. It is also of importance to clinical medicine to have further information concerning
Interstitial pneumonia induced by imatinib mesylate: pathologic study demonstrates alveolar destruction and fibrosis with eosinophilic infiltration
Authors: T Yokoyama, K Miyazawa, E Kurakawa, A Nagate, T Shimamoto, K Iwaya, S Akata, M Aoshima, H Serizawa, K Ohyashiki
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Severe β<sup>0</sup> thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease caused by de novo 22‐base pair duplication in the paternal allele of β globin gene
Authors: Ponlapat Rojnuckarin, Rung Settapiboon, Preeda Vanichsetakul, Tada Sueblinvong, Pranee Sutcharitchan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract β Thalassemia is a major public health concern in Southeast Asia. A prevention program has been implemented in Thailand comprising mass carrier screening and genetic testing. In this study, a Thai girl with severe β thalassemia/hemoglobin (Hb) E disease was born from the mother with Hb E trait and the genotypically normal father. DNA sequencing revealed novel 22‐bp tandem duplication in the paternal allele of β globin gene, producing a severely truncated product. A short recurring nucleotide at the insertion site suggested a predisposition to this mutation. Therefore, spontaneous β globin mutations occasionally occur in normal population. Its clinical significance is noteworthy in countries with high prevalence of β thalassemia. Am. J. Hematol 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of the α1β1 integrin, VLA-1, marks a distinct subset of human CD4+ memory T cells
Authors: Itamar Goldstein, Shomron Ben-Horin, Jianfeng Li, Ilan Bank, Hong Jiang, Leonard Chess
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

The α1β1 integrin, very late antigen-1 (VLA-1), is a collagen receptor expressed in many CD4+ T cells localizing to inflamed tissues. Here we show that the expression of VLA-1 is a stable marker of a distinct subset of CD4+ memory T cells. Thus, in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), approximately 1–4% of the CD4+ T cells express VLA-1, and following T cell receptor activation ex vivo, the percentage of VLA-1+ cells increases within the CD45RO+ population. Importantly, the activated VLA-1+ and VLA-1– cells can be isolated and maintained in culture as phenotypically stable subsets. Functionally, CD4+ memory T cells, operationally defined as the cells that divide rapidly following stimulation with a recall antigen, are highly enriched for VLA-1+ cells. Moreover, depletion of the small fraction of VLA-1+ cells present in CD4+ PBLs prior to stimulation significantly abrogated the proliferative response to recall antigens. Notably, the VLA-1+ cells in fresh CD4+ PBLs are composed of resting CD45RO+/RA–, CCR7–, CD62L+, CD25–, and VLA-4hi cells. Interestingly, this VLA-1+ subset is enriched for Th1-type cells, and Th1-polarizing conditions during T cell activation favor the emergence of VLA-1+ cells. Thus, VLA-1 expression is a stable marker of a unique subset of human memory CD4+ T cells that predominantly differentiates into Th1 cells.
FOCAL OR INSULAR NECROSIS PRODUCED BY THE BACILLUS OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: E. R. Le Count
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1897)

1. It must be accepted from a comparison between the histological changes described in the focal necroses due to abrin and ricin, diphtheria, eclampsia, blood-serum intoxication, typhoid fever, lobar pneumonia and glanders, and those described here in three cases of tuberculosis, that the last are also instances of focal necrosis. 2. It may be claimed that the areas of necrosis in the three cases of tuberculosis had their origin in ischæmia, for the reason that they were numerous in the spleen and were not found in the kidney. Against such an explanation of their causation are the facts: that other forms of necrosis affect frequently the spleen and seldom the kidney; that thrombosis of vessels or any fixed relation of the areas in the spleen to blood-vessels could not be established; that the tubercle bacilli were invariably present; and lastly and of no slight importance, that these necroses were all present in cases of marked marasmus. 3. That the areas of necrosis in these three cases might be phenomena resulting from a mixed infection with pyogenic bacteria is possible, but no groups, colonies or even single bodies could be found which answered to the requirements in shape or staining properties for such bacteria. Even were it the case that the focal necroses here presented are the histological lesions of a septicæmia occurring as a complication of tuberculosis, the presence of the bacillus of tuberculosis in the areas of necrosis would still require explanation. 4. Lastly, it is not unreasonable to suppose that a diminished resistance on the part of the tissues incidental to marasmus is an important factor in the production of these necrotic lesions.
Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on natural killer cell function in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: O Nived, I Johansson, G Sturfelt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

In vitro irradiation with long wavelength ultraviolet light (UV-A), in clinically relevant dosages, of a natural killer cell line containing cell preparations from 17 control subjects reduced natural killer cell cytotoxicity with the cell line K562 as target. The spontaneous function of natural killer cells from 12 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) correlated inversely with the one hour erythrocyte sedimentation rate, but not with glucocorticoid doses. After UV-A exposure, natural killer cells from patients with SLE exert either increased or decreased cytotoxicity, and the direction of change is inversely correlated with the spontaneous natural killer cell function.
Incorporating Lag Time to Benefit Into Prevention Decisions for Older Adults
Authors: Sei J. Lee, Rosanne M. Leipzig, Louise C. Walter
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rate-dependent effects of hypoxia on internal longitudinal resistance in guinea pig papillary muscles.
Authors: Y Hiramatsu, J W Buchanan, S B Knisley, L S Gettes
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We have studied the independent and combined effects of 30 minutes' exposure to hypoxia and an increase in stimulation frequency from 0.5 Hz to 3.0 Hz on internal longitudinal resistance (ri) and conduction in guinea pig papillary muscles through the use of the voltage ratio method with air as the external insulator. Increasing stimulation frequency from 0.5 to 3.0 Hz in the presence of O2 caused no significant change in ri. Hypoxia to a level of PO2 = 30 mm Hg caused an increase in ri that averaged 13.7% at a stimulation frequency of 0.5 Hz and 46% at 3.0 Hz. In all experiments, the increase in ri during hypoxia at 3.0 Hz was greater than the increase at 0.5 Hz, but conduction velocity did not change at either rate. These results indicate that hypoxia causes rate-dependent cellular uncoupling but, under the conditions of our experiments, does not cause significant changes in conduction.
Effectiveness of a continuous quality improvement program on colonoscopy practice
Authors: G. Imperiali, G. Minoli, G. M. Meucci, G. Spinzi, E. Strocchi, V. Terruzzi, F. Radaelli
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is recommended by professional societies as part of every colonoscopy program, but little is known with regard to its effectiveness for colonoscopy outcomes. We prospectively assessed whether the implementation of a CQI program in routine clinical practice influences the quality performance of colonoscopy.In an open-access endoscopy unit at a secondary care center in Northern Italy, 6-monthly audit cycles were carried out over a 4-year period, to identify reasons for poor colonoscopy outcomes and institute appropriate changes to improve performance. The colonoscopy completion rate and the polyp detection rate as detected by endoscopists were considered to be key measures for improvement.The initial crude colonoscopy completion rate was 84.6%, with a range for individual endoscopists 80.4%-94%. Four endoscopists had a completion rate lower than 90%. The overall polyp detection rate was 34%, with a wide variation among endoscopists (range 14%-42%). Poor patient tolerance and differences in colonoscopist expertise were the main determinants of lack of completion and variation in polyp detection rate. Changes to sedation practice, greater access to endoscopy sessions for the endoscopists with the lowest performance rates, and other organizational arrangements, were implemented to improve quality performance. The crude completion rates improved consistently, up to 93.1%, over the study period. This trend was confirmed even when adjusted completion rates were calculated. All endoscopists reached a crude completion rate of 90% or more and a polyp detection rate of over 20%. The introduction of CQI did not significantly change the overall incidence of procedure-related complications.The effectiveness of colonoscopy can be improved by implementing a CQI program in routine colonoscopy practice.
Regulation of human heme oxygenase-1 gene in transiently transfected primary cultures of chicken embryo liver cells
Authors: T LU
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

1.1. In hepatocytes isolated from both fed and fasted rabbits glucagon and dibutyryl 3',5'-cAMP resulted in an increase of the glucose synthesis from 23 to 72% depending on the glucose precursor.2.2. In contrast, neither glucagon nor dibutyryl 3',5'-cAMP affected the rate of glucose formation in hepatocytes isolated from alloxan-diabetic animals.3.3. Both glucagon and dibutyryl 3',5'-cAMP slightly shifted the NADH/NAD+ ratios, in the mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments, towards a more reduced state, as manifested by an increase in the 3-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate and lactate/pyruvate ratios, respectively.4.4. However, the contribution of both mitochondrial and cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases to gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes isolated from starved animals seems to be unaltered by glucagon, as concluded from a similar inhibitory effect of quinolinate on glucose synthesis from lactate in either the presence or absence of glucagon.5.5. The stimulation of gluconeogenesis by glucagon, from lactate in hepatocytes from starved rabbits, was accompanied by elevated levels of malate, phosphoenolpyruvate, 3-phosphoglycerate plus 1,3-diphosphoglycerate, fructose 6-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate, while the content of both pyruvate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate was decreased.6.6. These changes are consistent with a facilitation by glucagon of reactions located in gluconeogenic pathway between pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate and between fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and glucose.7.7. A decreased rate of lactate production, from fructose in hepatocytes incubated with glucagon, may be correlated with the hormone-induced decline of glycolysis.8.8. The 2-fold increase of K0.5 value of pyruvate kinase for phosphoenolpyruvate in livers of glucagontreated animals is consistent with this suggestion.9.9. On the basis of presented results it is possible to conclude that despite differences in the intracellular localization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in livers of rat and rabbit, the site of glucagon action on the gluconeogenic pathway in hepatocytes isolated from these two species is similar.
[81] EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF L-ORNITHINE-L-ASPARTATE (LOLA) ADMINISTRATION. OPEN LABEL RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL VERSUS LACTULOSE IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH HYPERAMMONEMIC HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: J.L. Poo, J. Gongora, J.F. Sanchez-Avila, S. Aguilar-Castillo, G. Garcia Ramos, M. Fernandez-Zertuche, L. Rodriguez-Fragoso, M. Uribe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Effects of bronchomotor tone and gas density on time dependence of forced expiratory vital capacity maneuver.
Authors: E D'Angelo, J Milic-Emili, L Marazzini
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

It has been shown that in normal subjects and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients the maximal expiratory flows and FEV1 are significantly higher if the FVC maneuver is preceded by a rapid inspiration without an end-inspiratory pause (maneuver 1) compared with a slow inspiration with an end-inspiratory pause of approximately 5 s (maneuver 2). This time dependency of FVC was attributed primarily to loss of lung recoil (stress relaxation) during breath-holding at TLC, in association with time constant inequality within the lungs, and changes in bronchomotor tone. To examine the role of bronchomotor tone on time dependency of FVC, 11 COPD and 10 asthmatic patients performed FVC maneuvers 1 and 2 before and after administration of a bronchodilator drug (salbutamol). In addition, using the same approach, the effects of changing airway resistance per se were assessed in another group of 10 COPD patients and 10 normal subjects, while breathing air and after equilibration with 80% helium in oxygen. Main findings were: peak expiratory flow (PEF), FEV1, and maximal midexpiratory flow rate (MMF) were significantly larger with maneuver 1 than 2; after salbutamol administration and during helium-oxygen breathing, all indices increased significantly with both maneuvers but the relative differences between maneuvers 1 and 2 were unchanged. We conclude that time dependency of maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves, as indexed by PEF, FEV1, and MMF, is largely independent of bronchomotor tone and gas density, and probably reflects mainly stress relaxation of the respiratory tissues. The relevance of time dependency of FVC maneuver in the assessment of bronchodilator response and density dependence is discussed.
AN ETIOLOGIC STUDY OF ATROPHIC DISEASE OF THE UPPER AIR PASSAGES BASED UPON AN EXAMINATION OF TWO HUNDRED CASES.
Authors: J. L. GOODALE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In the following paper I desire to invite your attention rather to the predisposing than to the immediate causes of atrophic states of the nose, pharynx and larynx. The statements current in our recent text-books that certain classes of persons under certain conditions are particularly liable to these conditions appear to be derived from general impressions. Since under such circumstances, a few positive examples are apt to outweigh unduly a large number of negative and therefore easily forgotten ones, I undertook recently to submit the current statements to the test of a systematic examination. For this purpose 200 cases of atrophic disease of the nose, pharynx or larynx were investigated carefully with reference to the following points. The relation of these states to age, sex, sexual functions in the female, and general nutrition. The influence of a normal patency of the anterior nares. The influence of the inhalation of an
Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking for Strain Calculation With Harmonic Phase Imaging Analysis
Authors: Kan N. Hor, William M. Gottliebson, Christopher Carson, Erin Wash, James Cnota, Robert Fleck, Janaka Wansapura, Piotr Klimeczek, Hussein R. Al-Khalidi, Eugene S. Chung, D. Woodrow Benson, Wojciech Mazur
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Cancer of the Cervix
Authors: Douglas J. Marchant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE American Cancer Society predicts that 325,000 Americans will die of cancer in 1969, including 9700 deaths due to cancer of the cervix.1 Early diagnosis and advances in therapy during the past 25 years have reduced the adjusted death rate for uterine cancer by 50 per cent. This impressive reduction may be misleading since the crude death rate may obscure rising death rates in the younger age group.EtiologyThere is considerable evidence that low socioeconomic status and age at first coitus are contributing factors in the evolution of cancer of the cervix.2 , 3 A contribution from the male is suggested . . .
Long‐term repeatability of the skin prick test is high when supported by history or allergen‐sensitivity tests: a prospective clinical study
Authors: U. Bodtger, C. R. Jacobsen, L. K. Poulsen, H.‐J. Malling
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Long‐term reproducibility of the skin‐prick test (SPT) has been questioned. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical relevance of SPT changes. Methods: SPT to 10 common inhalation allergens was performed annually from 1999 to 2001 in 25 nonsensitized and 21 sensitized subjects. An SPT was positive when ≥3 mm, and repeatable if either persistently positive or negative. Clinical sensitivity to birch pollen was used as model for inhalation allergy, and was investigated at inclusion and at study termination by challenge tests, intradermal test, titrated SPT and IgE measurements. Birch pollen symptoms were confirmed in diaries. Results: The repeatability of a positive SPT was 67%, increasing significantly to 100% when supported by the history. When not supported by history, the presence of specific IgE was significantly associated with a repeatable SPT. Allergen sensitivity was significantly lower in subjects loosing SPT positivity. The repeatability of a negative test was 95%, decreasing significantly to 87% by the presence of other sensitization. Development of a positive SPT was clinically relevant. Elevation of SPT cut‐off point did not enhance repeatability. Conclusion: SPT changes are clinically relevant. Further studies using other allergens are needed. Long‐term repeatability of SPT is high in the presence of a supportive history.
Interleukin-4 variant (BAY 36-1677) selectively induces apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells
Authors: Kleebsabai Srivannaboon, Armen B. Shanafelt, Elisabetta Todisco, Carla P. Forte, Frederick G. Behm, Susana C. Raimondi, Ching-Hon Pui, Dario Campana
Journal: Blood (2001)
The distribution of microsomal (Na+, K+)-ATPase in the rat heart and the effects of induced right ventricular hypertrophy and feeding with digitalis, sodium, and potassium
Authors: K. Gibson, P. Harris
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

In the rat heart, microsomal (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity is higher in the atria than in the ventricles. Activity of the enzyme in the heart is unaffected by hypertrophy, increased by feeding with potassium, and unaffected by feeding with sodium. Feeding with digoxin causes a transient increase in activity in the atria and right ventricle and a reduction in renal microsomal (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity.
Brain SPECT in a Patient With Post-Stroke Hallucination
Authors: S M KIM, C H PARK, C M INTENZO, J ZHANG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A patient developed visual hallucinations following a left-sided cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Brain SPECT using Tc-99m HMPAO demonstrated increased perfusion at the biparieto-occipital lobes. Following antiepileptic medication, repeat brain SPECT showed interval decrease in perfusion in the same areas with the symptomatic relief of hallucinatory episode. While it is possible that the interval decrease is due to natural resolution, the authors believe that it is likely due to drug treatment.
The Human Rights, Ethical and Moral Dimensions of Health Care: 120 Practical Case Studies
Authors: N. W Goodman
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Ed Pierre Cuer, Jean-Pierre Massue

Council of Europe Publishing, from Stationery Office Bookshops, £30, pp 486

ISBN 928 713055 8

First impressions count. I have worries about xenotransplantation, so I turned to the index of this “aid to decision-making” and “tool in the teaching of ethics.” There isn't one. The table of contents, which has no logical order that I could divine, lists organ transplants twice, but the pagination is wrong, and a three page slippage eventually becomes a 10 page slippage. Perhaps it is unfair to blame the authors for poor production, but first …
The Clinical Spectrum of the Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Associated with<scp>L</scp>-Tryptophan Ingestion
Authors: Richard W. Martin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

We describe the clinical spectrum of the L-tryptophan-associated eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome in 20 patients. In all but one case, patients met the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) case definition for the syndrome: peripheral blood eosinophilia (eosinophil count greater than 1.0 x 10(9)/L) and generalized, disabling myalgias without other recognized causes. Three patients with eosinophilia and myalgia developed eosinophilic fasciitis, and 4 other patients developed, respectively, pneumonitis and myocarditis, neuropathy culminating in respiratory failure, encephalopathy, and fibrosis about the common bile duct. No relation was apparent between dose or duration of L-tryptophan exposure and the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. No organic contaminants were identified in L-tryptophan preparations taken by patients or asymptomatic users when these preparations were examined by chromatography or mass spectroscopy. Biopsy specimens in 12 patients showed a mononuclear exudate with a variable admixture of eosinophils in affected tissues, including skin, fascia, muscle, and some viscera. Eosinophil toxic granule proteins, major basic protein, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin were elevated in the serum and urine of patients compared with normal control subjects (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.02, respectively). Immunofluorescence showed major basic protein deposited outside of eosinophils in affected tissues, indicating that toxic granule proteins are released in diseased organs. Treatment included withdrawal of L-tryptophan in all cases. Corticosteroids were prescribed for 16 patients and diuretics alone for 1 patient; no drugs were prescribed for 3 patients. Four patients have recovered fully, others are stable or slowly recovering, and 1 is gravely ill despite prolonged treatment.