tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Immunization With Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids
Authors: Martin G. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The reaction rates and immunogenicity of primary immunization with tetanus (5 flocculation [Lf] units) and diphtheria (1.5 Lf units) toxoids were evaluated in older children and adults. Eight of 42 subjects had local reactions to one or more doses of vaccine. All subjects had protective titers to tetanus and 94% to diphtheria after two injections. Titers of antitoxins were greater in younger patients; in those younger than 19 years, they were inversely related to age. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2478-2480)
Urea Metabolism in Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Mackenzie Walser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Urea degradation was measured during 16 experiments in 13 chronic uremic patients being treated with essential amino acids or their analogues. [(14)C]Urea was injected i.v. and the clearance of labeled urea from its volume of distribution was compared with the simultaneous renal clearance of ordinary urea, which averaged 2.0 liters/day. The difference, extrarenal clearance of urea, averaged 3.1 liters/day as compared with a previously reported mean of 18 liters/day in normal subjects. Thus urea-splitting activity in the gut of uremic subjects expressed in these terms is far less than in normal individuals. Nevertheless, the amount of ammonia N formed from urea in these patients, 3.5 g/day, is not significantly different from normal, owing to their elevated plasma urea. In the same subjects, urea appearance rate was measured as the sum of urea excretion and the daily change in the urea pool. No negative correlation was noted between urea appearance and urea degradation, as might be expected if portal ammonia were being utilized for protein synthesis. However, urea production was positively correlated (r = 0.76) with urea degradation, suggesting that most of the resulting portal ammonia is converted back to urea. The results fail to support the view that degradation of urea in the gut promotes N conservation in uremic subjects maintained on low protein diets.
Tumor Registry: Immunodeficiency Disease and Cancer
Authors: BEATRICE D. SPECTOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 May 1976Tumor Registry: Immunodeficiency Disease and CancerBEATRICE D. SPECTORBEATRICE D. SPECTORSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-5-609_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: An international registry was established 3 years ago to collect clinical and pathological material on persons diagnosed as having naturally occurring immunodeficiency diseases who subsequently developed cancer. The Immunodeficiency-Cancer Registry (ICR) has used a system of voluntary reporting and literature review to collect the 200 cases on file at present. Because immunodeficiency diseases have become better known to the medical community in recent years, it is likely that many additional cases of cancer in immunodeficient patients have been diagnosed without being published or reported to the ICR. Physicans who have information on individuals with this rare association... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: BEATRICE D. SPECTORAffiliations: Immunodeficiency-Cancer Registry Box 609 Mayo University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1976Volume 84, Issue 5Page: 609-609KeywordsCancer immunotherapyImmunodeficiencies ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Renal and neurohormonal changes following simultaneous administration of systemic vasoconstrictors and dopamine or prostacyclin in cirrhotic patients with hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: Joan Saló, Angels Ginès, Juan Carlos Quer, Glória Fernández-Esparrach, Mónica Guevara, Pere Ginès, Ramón Bataller, Ramón Planas, Wladimiro Jiménez, Vicente Arroyo, Juan Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
Letter: Surgery on day patients.
Authors: C V Ruckley, A J Espley, C M Ludgate
Journal: BMJ (1973)

they have cancer may "go to pieces," by which is usually meant that they weep in the presence of their doctor, is to do with the doctor's difficulty in coping with his patient's grief.Because patients have reason not to believe their doctors, there are many who have difficulty in believing their doctor when he truthfully denies the presence of serious disease.-Iam, etc., EMANUEL LEWISLondon N.W.3Surgery on Day Patients SIR,-Mr. A. B. Cassie raises some impor- tant issues about outpatient surgery (8 September, p. 542).We have recently reviewed the results in 300 patients undergo ng major out- patient operations in this hospital.An ac-
Schools Are Our Community Mental Health Centers
Authors: STONEWALL B. STICKNEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Although the public schools have been assigned, by law and circumstance, the task of educating and caring for most of the community's disturbed children, they have been granted no special facilities or funds for this mission and their teachers have not been adequately prepared for the responsibility. The author suggests that the natural opportunities within the schools for preventive efforts, cosefunding, and crisis intervention make them ideal as well as actual community mental health centers. The development of the Pittsburgh school mental health program is described as an experimental model.
DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOUS PERICARDIAL EFFUSION BY T CELL-BASED ASSAYS ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND PERICARDIAL FLUID MONONUCLEAR CELLS
Authors: Jong-Min Song, Tae Sun Shim, Suk-Won Choi, Hyung Oh Choi, Yong-Giun Kim, Sung-Ho Jung, Sung-Han Kim, Dae-Hee Kim, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Foreign-Body Perforations of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Lester Persky, Edward D. Frank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

FOREIGN-BODY injuries of the gastrointestinal tract constitute an important challenge to the surgeon. They are frequent in occurrence,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 varied in symptomatology and treacherous in their close simulation of other disease patterns.This report presents 6 such cases observed within fourteen months on a 50-bed general surgical ward.Case ReportsCase 1. M. C, a 59-year-old woman, entered the hospital complaining of increasing constipation of 3 months' duration, accompanied by tenesmus, lower-abdominal cramps, occasional bright-red blood at stool and a 25-lb. weight loss. Physical examination disclosed nothing remarkable except for slight left-lower-quadrant tenderness. Laboratory data was noncontributory. Barium-enema examination revealed an . . .
RAPID IMPROVEMENT IN AORTIC DISTENSIBILITY AND PULSATILITY WITH SPIRONOLACTONE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH RESISTANT HYPERTENSION: A CARDIAC MRI STUDY
Authors: Fatemeh Bagheriannejad Esfahani, Himanshu Aggarwal, Padmapriya Manapragada, Krishna K. Gaddam, Chun G. Schiros, Wei Zha, Mustafa Ahmed, Shilpi Agarwal, Himanshu Gupta, Thomas S. Denney, Louis J. Dell’Italia, David A. Calhoun, Steven G. Lloyd
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Urinary microalbumin excretion in early pregnancy and gestational age at delivery.
Authors: I J Perry, P Gosling, K Sanghera, D Churchill, D M Luesley, D G Beevers
Journal: BMJ (1993)

The protozoan cryptosporidium causes severe diarrhoea in immuno- deficient patients * It is thought to cause only self limiting disease in immunocompetent people * In this three year community study cryptosporidium was a common cause ofpersistent diarrhoea and death in otherwise healthy young children * Prevention or effective treatment of cryptosporidiosis in infancy would reduce mortality in children aged 1-23 months by about 18% based data with a large number of relatively mild episodes of diarrhoea.A study of infants and young children admitted to hospital with severe diarrhoea would probably show a higher prevalence and mortality.CONCLUSIONS
Malignant lymphoma occurring in patient and pet
Authors: L. M. Drusin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

LYMPHOMAS are a group of diseases affecting both man and animals. In man, the incidence of malignant lymphoproliferative syndrome per 100,-000 population has been reported to be 16.9, 20.2 and 17.8 in three separate studies.<sup>1-3</sup>Comparable data on the incidence in dogs is not available, but surveys of canine clinic and hospital populations indicate an incidence of 100 to 360 cases per 100,-000 admissions.<sup>4-6</sup> Our purpose in reporting this case of malignant lymphoma occurring in both man and pet, is to stimulate investigators to gather data which would elucidate a relationship between lymphoma in man and animals if, in fact, such a relationship exists. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 15-year-old boy (MH 26-18-93), during the summer of 1963, noted cramps in the right leg with running or similar physical activity. About the same time, he became aware of a mass in the right groin which slowly became larger
Inhibiting EGF Receptor or SRC Family Kinase Signaling Overcomes BRAF Inhibitor Resistance in Melanoma
Authors: Maria R. Girotti, Malin Pedersen, Berta Sanchez-Laorden, Amaya Viros, Samra Turajlic, Dan Niculescu-Duvaz, Alfonso Zambon, John Sinclair, Andrew Hayes, Martin Gore, Paul Lorigan, Caroline Springer, James Larkin, Claus Jorgensen, Richard Marais
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

We generated cell lines resistant to BRAF inhibitors and show that the EGF receptor (EGFR)-SRC family kinase (SFK)-STAT3 signaling pathway was upregulated in these cells. In addition to driving proliferation of resistant cells, this pathway also stimulated invasion and metastasis. EGFR inhibitors cooperated with BRAF inhibitors to block the growth of the resistant cells in vitro and in vivo, and monotherapy with the broad specificity tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib blocked growth and metastasis in vivo. We analyzed tumors from patients with intrinsic or acquired resistance to vemurafenib and observed increased EGFR and SFK activity. Furthermore, dasatinib blocked the growth and metastasis of one of the resistant tumors in immunocompromised mice. Our data show that BRAF inhibitor-mediated activation of EGFR-SFK-STAT3 signaling can mediate resistance in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma. We describe 2 treatments that seem to overcome this resistance and could deliver therapeutic efficacy in patients with drug-resistant BRAF-mutant melanoma.
Assessment of alkaline phosphatase on the surface membrane of neutrophils by immunofluorescence
Authors: Masaru Shibano, Takashi Machii, Yoshitaka Nishimori, Ichiro Nakamoto, Etsuko Ueda, Kensaku Masuhara, Teruo Kitani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on the surface membrane of neutrophils (mNAP) was studied by immunofluorescence using an anti-ALP monoclonal antibody. Fluorescent intensity distribution of mNAP was analyzed using FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter). The mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of the mNAP in this assay was well correlated with the neutrophil ALP (NAP) score demonstrated cytochemically (r = 0.832). mNAP levels in various hematological disorders were evaluated by % mNAP+ cells and MFI. The levels in aplastic anemia and polycythemia vera were significantly higher, and in chronic myelocytic leukemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), the levels were significantly lower compared with the levels in healthy volunteers. Two-color immunofluorescence with anti-ALP and anti-CD16 showed that the PNH clone was essentially negative for mNAP, whereas residual normal neutrophils (CD16+) had levels slightly higher than those in normal individuals. Highly reproducible results were obtained in the blood samples which were stored at 4°C for at least 24 hr without any treatment prior to immunofluorescent staining. No degradation of fluorescent intensity was seen 4 days after staining and fixation. The mNAP assay is simple, without subjective evaluation for quantification, and is useful for differential diagnosis of hematological disorders. Am. J. Hematol. 60:12–18, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
THE VALIDITY OF THE ELECTROKYMOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF DIAMETER CHANGE OF THE AORTA AND PULMONARY ARTERY DURING CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCE1
Authors: Calvin F. Kay, James W. Woods, Harry F. Zinsser, J. Malvern Benjamin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

It has been demonstrated by Henny, Boone, Chamberlain, and their associates that border movements of the heart and great vessels may be recorded with the electrokymograph (1, 2, 4, 7).Confirmation of this work has been reported by others (3. 5, 6).Our studies were designed to investigate the accuracy with which movements of the aorta and pulmonary artery could be re- corded with this instrument, and the significance of these movements as measures of dynamic car- diovascular changes during certain acute disturb- ances of the circulation.For these experiments, acute intrathoracic pressure variation was chosen as the implement for the production of circula- tory disturbances.It is a procedure with which a new investigative method may be evaluated by comparison with observations of venous, arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure.cardiac output, roentgenokymographv, and roentgeno- graphic lung density in control studies or in the published reports of others.
Relationship of endogenous hyperleptinemia to serum paraoxonase 1, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase in obese individuals
Authors: Laszlo Bajnok, Ildiko Seres, Zsuzsa Varga, Sara Jeges, Attila Peti, Zsolt Karanyi, Attila Juhasz, Eva Csongradi, Emese Mezosi, Endre V. Nagy, Gyorgy Paragh
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
The Royal College of Surgeons
Authors: I. Loudon
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

I was delighted by the paper by Maynard and Ayalew on the Royal Colleges of Medicine and Surgery and its up-to-date list of the Colleges (JRSM 2007;100:306-308).1 But there is one mistake in the list; a mistake so trivial that it I mention it only because it conceals an interesting story. The Royal College of Surgeons founded in 1800 was the Royal College of Surgeons of London, not the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

With the rapid growth of hospitals in the second half of the eighteenth century, the contribution of the physicians in treating medical diseases was very slight. But the surgeons provided a genuinely helpful surgical service, based largely on the treatment of accidents. For this reason, the status of surgery rose very rapidly and the London hospital surgeons saw themselves as the ‘top dogs’—hence the foundation of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1800 and the right to put ‘MRCS’ after their names.

Fifteen years later, newly qualified general practitioners had to obtain the Licence of the Society of Apothecaries and earned the right to put LSA after their name; but a majority also took the MRCS, so that the hallmark of the typical general practitioner was the possession of the MRCS and the LSA, colloquially known as ‘College and Hall’. That is where the trouble began.

The last thing the hospital surgeons wanted was to be confused with the general practitioners, whom they heartily despised. Sharing the MRCS was out of the question, so the hospital surgeons obtained a charter in 1843 which enabled them to introduce the Fellowship (FRCS) as the hallmark of the ‘pure surgeon’. Fellows of the College of Surgeons refused to have any involvement in midwifery and pharmacy, because both played a large part in general practice, and insisted that only Fellows could use the front door of the London College; general practitioners had to go round the back. For the first few years after 1843 fellowships were handed out, without any examination, to the surgeons chosen by Council. Nepotism was rife. As an additional display of their superiority they expanded their territory, renaming their College as the Royal College of Surgeons of England. This is where and when the routine denigration of general practice by hospital consultants began.
Discontinue treatment with nicorandil associated with ulceration to avoid major reconstructive surgery
Authors: A. J. Robinson, J. H. Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The association between perianal ulceration and nicorandil is now well established. We agree with Kulakov and colleagues that such ulcers usually heal spontaneously on discontinuation of the nicorandil, within a few months if nicorandil is the causative agent. …
Evaluation of Agents to Reduce Infarct Size
Authors: Deepak L. Bhatt
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of Loneliness and Living Alone—Reply
Authors: Jacob A. Udell, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Deepak L. Bhatt
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Viral infection of implanted meningeal tumors induces antitumor memory T-cells to travel to the brain and eliminate established tumors
Authors: Yanhua Gao, Patricia Whitaker-Dowling, Mamdouha A. Barmada, Per H. Basse, Ira Bergman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Leptomeningeal metastases occur in 2%–5% of patients with breast cancer and have an exceptionally poor prognosis. The blood–brain and blood–meningeal barriers severely inhibit successful chemotherapy. We have developed a straightforward method to induce antitumor memory T-cells using a Her2/neu targeted vesicular stomatitis virus. We sought to determine whether viral infection of meningeal tumor could attract antitumor memory T-cells to eradicate the tumors. Meningeal implants in mice were studied using treatment trials and analyses of immune cells in the tumors. This paper demonstrates that there is a blood–meningeal barrier to bringing therapeutic memory T-cells to meningeal tumors. The barrier can be overcome by viral infection of the tumor. Viral infection of the meningeal tumors followed by memory T-cell transfer resulted in 89% cure of meningeal tumor in 2 different mouse strains. Viral infection produced increased infiltration and proliferation of transferred memory T-cells in the meningeal tumors. Following viral infection, the leukocyte infiltration in meninges and tumor shifted from predominantly macrophages to predominantly T-cells. Finally, this paper shows that successful viral therapy of peritoneal tumors generates memory CD8 T-cells that prevent establishment of tumor in the meninges of these same animals. These results support the hypothesis that a virally based immunization strategy can be used to both prevent and treat meningeal metastases. The meningeal barriers to cancer therapy may be much more permeable to treatment based on cells than treatment based on drugs or molecules.
The BARD1 Cys557Ser Variant and Breast Cancer Risk in Iceland
Authors: Simon N Stacey, Patrick Sulem, Oskar T Johannsson, Agnar Helgason, Julius Gudmundsson, Jelena P Kostic, Kristleifur Kristjansson, Thora Jonsdottir, Helgi Sigurdsson, Jon Hrafnkelsson, Jakob Johannsson, Thorarinn Sveinsson, Gardar Myrdal, Hlynur Niels Grimsson, Jon T Bergthorsson, Laufey T Amundadottir, Jeffrey R Gulcher, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Augustine Kong, Kari Stefansson
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Most, if not all, of the cellular functions of the BRCA1 protein are mediated through heterodimeric complexes composed of BRCA1 and a related protein, BARD1. Some breast-cancer-associated BRCA1 missense mutations disrupt the function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex. It is therefore pertinent to determine whether variants of BARD1 confer susceptibility to breast cancer. Recently, a missense BARD1 variant, Cys557Ser, was reported to be at increased frequencies in breast cancer families. We investigated the role of the BARD1 Cys557Ser variant in a population-based cohort of 1,090 Icelandic patients with invasive breast cancer and 703 controls. We then used a computerized genealogy of the Icelandic population to study the relationships between the Cys557Ser variant and familial clustering of breast cancer.The Cys557Ser allele was present at a frequency of 0.028 in patients with invasive breast cancer and 0.016 in controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-3.01, p = 0.014). The alleleic frequency was 0.037 in a high-predisposition group of cases defined by having a family history of breast cancer, early onset of breast cancer, or multiple primary breast cancers (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.22-4.75, p = 0.015). Carriers of the common Icelandic BRCA2 999del5 mutation were found to have their risk of breast cancer further increased if they also carried the BARD1 variant: the frequency of the BARD1 variant allele was 0.047 (OR = 3.11, 95% CI 1.16-8.40, p = 0.046) in 999del5 carriers with breast cancer. This suggests that the lifetime probability of a BARD1 Cys557Ser/BRCA2 999del5 double carrier developing breast cancer could approach certainty. Cys557Ser carriers, with or without the BRCA2 mutation, had an increased risk of subsequent primary breast tumors after the first breast cancer diagnosis compared to non-carriers. Lobular and medullary breast carcinomas were overrepresented amongst Cys557Ser carriers. We found that an excess of ancestors of contemporary carriers lived in a single county in the southeast of Iceland and that all carriers shared a SNP haplotype, which is suggestive of a founder event. Cys557Ser was found on the same SNP haplotype background in the HapMap Project CEPH sample of Utah residents.Our findings suggest that BARD1 Cys557Ser is an ancient variant that confers risk of single and multiple primary breast cancers, and this risk extends to carriers of the BRCA2 999del5 mutation.