tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Capillary leak syndrome in generalized pustular psoriasis
Authors: S.E. Handfield-Jones, M. Garvey, D.H. McGibbon, M.M. Black
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 127, Issue 1 p. 64-64 Capillary leak syndrome in generalized pustular psoriasis S.E. Handfield-Jones, S.E. Handfield-Jones St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorM. Garvey, M. Garvey St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorD.H. McGibbon, D.H. McGibbon St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorM.M. Black, M.M. Black St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this author S.E. Handfield-Jones, S.E. Handfield-Jones St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorM. Garvey, M. Garvey St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorD.H. McGibbon, D.H. McGibbon St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorM.M. Black, M.M. Black St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K.Search for more papers by this author First published: July 1992 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14833.xCitations: 16AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume127, Issue1July 1992Pages 64-64 RelatedInformation
Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Controlled Trials—Reply
Authors: Robert A. Fowler, Harriette G. C. Van Spall
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Working-time in General Practice
Authors: G. I. Lumsden
Journal: BMJ (1967)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICA-et al., in that following a criminal abortion induced by a midwife 6 ft.(1.8 m.) of protruding intestinal loops were cut off.Laparotomy was performed two hours and ten minutes after the accident.A tapeworm was found free in the peritoneal cavity.Surgery consisted of an end-to-end anastomosis of the severed bowel and a subtotal hysterectomy.The patient had a fairly uneventful recovery.The second case was one where a well- qualified gynaecologist performed a D. and C. for a termination of an early (four-weeks) pregnancy).Six hours later a laparotomy was performed for severe abdominal pain with signs of peritoneal irritation.The terminal ileum was perforated in five different places and 15 cm. of it was resected.An end-to-end anastomosis was performed.A tear in the fundus of the uterus was sutured.The postoperative course was stormy, but the patient left home on the 12th postoperative day.-Iam, etc., Beirut,
European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis. First Edition – Principles of evidence assessment and methods for reaching recommendations
Authors: S. Minozzi, P. Armaroli, N. Segnan
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The full guideline document covers the entire process of population-based screening. It consists of 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. The 450-page guidelines and the extensive evidence base have been published by the European Commission. The principles of evidence assessment and methods for reaching recommendations are presented here to promote international discussion and collaboration by making the principles and methods used in developing the guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community. Following this methodology in the future updating of the guidelines has the potential to enhance the control of colorectal cancer through improvement in the quality and effectiveness of the screening process, including multidisciplinary diagnosis and management of the disease.
A 35-Year-Old Pregnant Woman Considering Maternal Serum Screening and Amniocentesis, 1 Year Later
Authors: Jennifer Daley
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In January 1996, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Grand Rounds, Dr Michael Mennuti discussed a 35-year-old woman who was in the first trimester of her fourth pregnancy. Mrs J had 2 healthy young children at the time and no medical or family history of risk factors for fetal or chromosomal abnormalities. She was not inclined to have an amniocentesis, both because of the risk of miscarriage associated with amniocentesis and because she and her husband were not inclined to terminate the pregnancy in the second trimester if an amniocentesis demonstrated fetal or chromosomal abnormalities. She was, however, considering maternal serum screening to help her and her husband decide whether to pursue amniocentesis. Dr Mennuti discussed the risks and benefits associated with chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and maternal serum screening followed by amniocentesis where indicated. He also discussed the incidence of Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and other chromosomal abnormalities. He
Indian Supreme Court halts approval of new clinical trials until regulatory framework is set up
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2013)

India’s Supreme Court has barred clinical trials of new drugs until a proper monitoring mechanism is put in place.1 The court made the decision on 30 September in response to a petition filed by an Indore and Pune based health activist group, Swasthya Adhikar Manch.2

The group said that the court had given the government 10 weeks to “come out with the actual implementation of the suggestions given by state government, National Human Rights Commission, petitioner and NGOs [non-governmental organisations] to strengthen the regulatory framework of clinical trials in the country.”3

Amulya Nidhi, a representative at the Swasthya Adhikar Manch, told the BMJ , “Between 3 July 2013 and 31 August 2013, 162 applications regarding global clinical trials including new chemical entities and …
Effect of open peer review on quality of reviews and on reviewers' recommendations: a randomised trial
Authors: S. van Rooyen, F. Godlee, S. Evans, N. Black, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To examine the effect on peer review of asking reviewers to have their identity revealed to the authors of the paper. <b>Design</b>: Randomised trial. Consecutive eligible papers were sent to two reviewers who were randomised to have their identity revealed to the authors or to remain anonymous. Editors and authors were blind to the intervention. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: The quality of the reviews was independently rated by two editors and the corresponding author using a validated instrument. Additional outcomes were the time taken to complete the review and the recommendation regarding publication. A questionnaire survey was undertaken of the authors of a cohort of manuscripts submitted for publication to find out their views on open peer review. <b>Results</b>: Two editors9 assessments were obtained for 113out of 125manuscripts, and the corresponding author9s assessment was obtained for 105.Reviewers randomised to be asked to be identified were 12% (95% confidence interval 0.2% to 24%) more likely to decline to review than reviewers randomised to remain anonymous (35% <i>v</i> 23%). There was no significant difference in quality (scored on a scale of 1to 5) between anonymous reviewers (3.06(SD 0.72)) and identified reviewers (3.09(0.68)) (P=0.68, 95% confidence interval for difference −align=baseline&gt;0.19 to 0.12), and no significant difference in the recommendation regarding publication or time taken to review the paper. The editors9 quality score for reviews (3.05(SD 0.70)) was significantly higher than that of authors (2.90(0.87))(P&lt;0.005, 95%confidence interval for difference − align=baseline&gt;0.26 to − align=baseline&gt;0.03). Most authors were in favour of open peer review. <b>Conclusions</b>: Asking reviewers to consent to being identified to the author had no important effect on the quality of the review, the recommendation regarding publication, or the time taken to review, but it significantly increased the likelihood of reviewers declining to review.
Delays during Reproduction and Their Effects on the Embryo and Fetus
Authors: Jonathan T. Lanman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

DELAYED parturition leads to quite different results, depending on the species, in its effects on the offspring. In some, like the rabbit with normally a gestation period of 30 to 32 days, the fetuses continue to grow if carried past term, but prolongation past 35 or occasionally 36 days is fatal to them in utero. In man, by contrast, weight gain ceases at about 42 weeks,93 and various signs of inadequate fetal nutrition supervene, but the fetus can survive in utero for many weeks, usually not encountering serious difficulty until delivery, which becomes hazardous even though the fetus is not . . .
NO Signaling Confers Cytoprotectivity through the Survivin Network in Ovarian Carcinomas
Authors: Knut Engels, Shirley K. Knauer, Sibylle Loibl, Verena Fetz, Philipp Harter, Andrea Schweitzer, Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff, Friedrich Kommoss, Lars Hanker, Valentina Nekljudova, Iris Hermanns, Hartmut Kleinert, Wolf Mann, Andreas du Bois, Roland H. Stauber
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Despite considerable success in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), therapy resistance counteracts improvement of long-term survival. The dual role of survivin as an apoptosis inhibitor and mitotic regulator has been associated with disease outcome. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the deregulated expression in EOC of survivin need further investigation. Here, we show that high amounts of the nitric oxide (NO) donors, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or strong overexpression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) suppressed survivin levels via the p38MAPK pathway and triggered apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines (OCC). Importantly, low NO concentrations conferred resistance against carboplatin/paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Cytoprotection was mediated by survivin because we observed its up-regulation subsequent to low SNAP/SNP doses or ectopic expression of low amounts of iNOS. Also, RNAi-mediated depletion of survivin blocked the antiapoptotic effects of NO signaling. Induction of survivin involves activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which was antagonized by the PI3K-inhibitor, LY294002. Interestingly, application of the iNOS-inhibitor 1400W together with RNAi-mediated survivin down-regulation cooperatively enhanced drug-induced apoptosis in OCCs. The iNOS/survivin interdependencies seem to be also of clinical relevance because immunohistochemistry revealed that low iNOS levels correlate with survivin expression (P &amp;lt; 0.01) in carboplatin/paclitaxel-treated EOC patients with minimal postoperative residual tumor (n = 54). Also, iNOS and survivin expression were associated with increased risk for disease progression. Our study uncovers a novel molecular mechanism of how NO signaling may contribute to therapy resistance in EOC by modulating survivin expression. Pharmacogenetic iNOS/survivin-targeting strategies may hence be pursued to complement current treatment modalities in EOC. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5159–65]
A possible role for squalene in the pathogenesis of acne. I. In vitro study of squalene oxidation
Authors: D. SAINT-LEGER, A. BAGUE, E. COHEN, M. LCHIVOT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

An in vitro study of the oxidation of squalene, and a description of factors acting on this transformation are presented. Thin layer chromatography was used to quantify the products generated by different oxidation processes. The results clearly show that squalene is a highly effective oxygen-scavenging agent. Its oxidation may first induce comedogenesis and, as a secondary event, cause a large reduction in oxygen tension in the human pilo-sebaceous duct. Porphyrins were confirmed to be highly efficient catalytic factors in the squalene oxidation process. The relationships between comedogenesis, bacterial colonization, and the role of sebum in the pathogenesis of acne are discussed in the light of these findings.
CYANIDE POISONINGS FROM HOTEL SILVER POLISH
Authors: J. C. Geiger
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The recently published observations by Huntington Williams (The Journal, March 1) as to cyanide poisoning from hotel silver polish are of significance in relation to the general subject of blood poisoning. The epidemiologist, interested in outbreaks of alleged food poisoning, has long cherished the ambition to isolate the causative bacteria, or demonstrate toxic or poisonous products in the suspected food in every outbreak. Recently J. C. Geiger and K. F. Meyer (<i>Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. &amp; Med</i>.<b>26</b>:91 [Nov.] 1928) suggested a simple feeding test with white mice and described certain pathologic conditions considered pathognomonic for food poisoning. Neither the careful health official nor the bacteriologist desires negative or incomplete results. Too often the investigator finds the food destroyed or consumed, and the epidemiologic story must be reconstructed from memory or assumptions of the participants. It has been pointed out, however, that the incubation or time
PUVA-induced repigmentation of vitiligo: a histochemical (split-DOPA) and ultrastructural study
Authors: J.P. ORTONNE, D.M. MACDONALD, A. MICOUDZ, J. THIVOLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Repigmentation induced by oral photochemotherapy (8‐MOP+UV‐A) in four patients with vitiligo has been studied by histochemical and ultrastructural techniques. Hypertrophic melanocytes were demonstrated both in the middle and deep portions of the hair follicles in the centre of islands of repigmentation and also in the epidermis of the expanding repigmenting border. Mitosis of melanocytes was absent in these areas. Ultrastructural study showed that the melanocytes of repigmented areas were hyperactive. The melanosomes were larger than those of surrounding healthy skin, although the mode of packaging was unaltered. These observations suggest that melanocytes repigmenting vitiliginous skin under the influence of oral photochemotherapy are derived from a melanocytic reservoir localized in the hair follicles.
Comparison against baseline in randomised control trials (again)
Authors: Sérvulo Azevedo Dias-Júnior, Rafael Stelmach, Regina Maria de Carvalho-Pinto, Alberto Cukier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Comparison against baseline in randomised control trials (again)To the Editor: I read with interest the article by DIAS-JU ´NIOR et al.[1] describing a randomised controlled trial of a weight loss programme for obese asthmatics.I was, however, disappointed to see that the results were published as comparisons against baseline.This approach is biased and potentially misleading, as has been eloquently outlined by BLAND and ALTMAN [2]: their discussion includes the instructive example of a study that appeared to support the use of an over-the-counter antiageing cream [3] and thus created a good deal of misleading publicity.I strongly encourage the European Respiratory Journal to insist that randomised trials report differences between groups rather than within groups in future.Randomised trials should report differences between groups rather than within groups http://ow.ly/zVHbv
Late-Onset 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Mimicking Idiopathic Hirsutism or Polycystic Ovarian Disease
Authors: GEORGE P. CHROUSOS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The importance of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia as a cause of hirsutism is controversial. Two of 35 women with a chief complaint of hirsutism met the criteria of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. In one, who presented with hirsutism, oligomenorrhea, obesity, infertility, and enlarged cystic ovaries, the initial diagnosis was polycystic ovarian syndrome. Family data showed that her disorder was autosomal recessive and linked to the histocompatibility leukocyte antigens (HLA), as in the classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Carriers were thus detectable by HLA typing. Thus late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia appears to be an allelic variant of congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia with a milder enzymatic defect. The diagnosis cannot be made clinically because the disease has the same presentation as idiopathic hirsutism or polycystic ovarian disease. Basal plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, unlike in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, can be normal, and an ACTH stimulation test or sequential measurements of plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone throughout the day may be needed to show the abnormality. The incidence among hirsute women is estimated to be 6% to 12%, and the calculated gene frequency for the allele coding for attenuated expression of 21-hydroxylase deficiency is 0.015 to 0.057.
<i>Enterobacter</i> Bacteremia: Clinical Features and Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance during Therapy
Authors: Joseph W. Chow, Michael J. Fine, David M. Shlaes, John P. Quinn, David C. Hooper, Michaekl P. Johnson, Reuben Ramphal, Marilyn M. Wagener, Deborah K. Miyashiro, Victor L. Yu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

▪Objectives: To study the effect of previously administered antibiotics on the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Enterobacter, the factors affecting mortality, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy for Enterobacter bacteremia. ▪Design: Prospective, observational study of consecutive patients with Enterobacter bacteremia. ▪Setting: Three university tertiary care centers, one major university-affiliated hospital, and two university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical centers. ▪Patients: A total of 129 adult patients were studied. ▪Measurements: The two main end points were emergence of resistance during antibiotic therapy and death. ▪Main Results: Previous administration of third-generation cephalosporins was more likely to be associated with multiresistant Enterobacter isolates in an initial, positive blood culture (22 of 32, 69%) than was administration of antibiotics that did not include a third-generation cephalosporin (14 of 71, 20%; P < 0.001). Isolation of multiresistant Enterobacter sp. in the initial blood culture was associated with a higher mortality rate (12 of 37, 32%) than was isolation of a more sensitive Enterobacter sp. (14 of 92, 15%; P = 0.03). Emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporin therapy (6 of 31, 19%) occurred more often than did emergence of resistance to aminoglycoside (1 of 89, 0.01%; P = 0.001) or other beta-lactam (0 of 50; P = 0.002) therapy. ▪Conclusions: More judicious use of third-generation cephalosporins may decrease the incidence of nosocomial multiresistant Enterobacter spp., which in turn may result in a lower mortality for Enterobacter bacteremia. When Enterobacter organisms are isolated from blood, it may be prudent to avoid third-generation cephalosporin therapy regardless of in-vitro susceptibility.
A randomized trial of topical 5% 5-fluorouracil (EfudixR cream) in the treatment of actinic keratoses comparing daily with weekly treatment
Authors: C.S. Jury, V.S. Ramraka-Jones, V. Gudi, R.M. Herd
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cream is widely used in the treatment of actinic keratoses (AKs) but the optimum treatment regimen that provides efficacy while minimizing side-effects remains unclear.A randomized trial to compare the efficacy and side-effects of daily vs. weekly application of 5% 5-FU in the treatment of AKs of the scalp and face.Twenty patients were recruited and randomized to two groups. Group 1 (13 patients) applied 5% 5-FU twice daily for 3 weeks, group 2 (seven patients) applied 5% 5-FU twice daily for 1 day per week for 12 weeks. Patients were reviewed at weeks 3, 12, 24 and 52. At each review a lesion count and lesion map were completed and patients were asked to score efficacy and inflammation.At week 0 the median lesion count was the same in both groups, 17.5 lesions. At 12 weeks the median lesion count in group 1 had fallen to 0 where it remained for the duration of follow-up. In group 2 the median lesion count fell to 6 at 12 weeks, 5.5 at 24 weeks and was 3 at 52 weeks. The difference in the lesion count was significant at all time points after week 0: P < 0.05 at weeks 12 and 52, and P < 0.01 at week 24. The mean inflammation score was higher in patients clear of AKs at 12 weeks compared with those who had not cleared, 3.8 compared with 1.9. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) suggesting that inflammation is necessary for efficacy.We conclude that daily application of 5% 5-FU cream is more effective than weekly application at clearing AKs from the scalp and face. Our results also suggest that inflammation is likely to be required to achieve a therapeutic effect.
Altered T cell receptor signaling and disrupted T cell development in mice lacking Itk
Authors: X.Charlene Liao, Dan R. Littman
Journal: Immunity (1995)

Itk is a T cell protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) that, along with Btk and Tec, belongs to a family of cytoplasmic PTKs with N-terminal pleckstrin homology domains. Btk plays a critical role in B lymphocyte development. To determine whether Itk has an analogous role in T lymphocytes, we used gene targeting to prepare mice lacking expression of Itk. Such animals had decreased numbers of mature thymocytes, an effect most clearly observed in mice expressing T cell receptor (TCR) transgenes. Mature T cells from Itk-deficient mice had reduced proliferative responses to allogeneic MHC stimulation and to anti-TCR cross-linking, but responded normally to stimulation with phorbol ester plus ionomycin or with IL-2. These results provide genetic evidence that Itk is involved in T cell development and also suggest that Itk has an important role in proximal events in TCR-mediated signaling pathways.