tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Combined interleukin 1/interleukin 2 therapy of mice injected with highly metastatic Friend leukemia cells: host antitumor mechanisms and marked effects on established metastases.
Authors: V Ciolli, L Gabriele, P Sestili, F Varano, E Proietti, I Gresser, U Testa, E Montesoro, D Bulgarini, G Mariani
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Peritumoral injection of recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in mice transplanted subcutaneously with Friend erythroleukemia cells (FLC) resulted in a marked increase in survival time and inhibition of metastatic tumor growth in liver and spleen. In contract, IL-2 treatment alone did not significantly inhibit the development of FLC metastases. A synergistic antitumor effect was observed after combined IL-1/IL-2 therapy of these mice. The antitumor action of IL-1/IL-2 treatment was abolished or markedly reduced in mice treated with antibodies to CD4 or CD8 antigens, whereas antibodies to asialo-GM1 were ineffective. A clear-cut increase in the percentage of CD4+ cells was observed in the spleens of cytokine-treated mice on days 17 and 23. On day 23 of cytokine therapy, CD8+ cells were increased in both spleens and lymph nodes. On day 17, infiltrates of host-reactive cells (i.e., lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes) were observed in both spleen and liver from FLC-injected mice treated with IL-1/IL-2, in association with tumor cells. On days 17 and 23, spleen cells and cells recovered from mesenteric lymph nodes of IL-1/IL-2-treated mice exerted a potent antitumor effect as determined by Winn assay experiments. This antitumor activity was abolished by preincubation of spleen cells with anti-CD8 antibody, but not by treatment with antibodies to asialo-GM1; antibodies to CD4 exerted only a slight effect. Combined IL-1/IL-2 therapy was more effective on established (i.e., 6-7-d) FLC tumors than on early (i.e., 1-d) tumor-transplanted mice. IL-1/IL-2 treatments were also highly effective in increasing survival time of mice from which the subcutaneous primary tumors were excised 7 d after FLC injection. These data indicate that in mice injected with FLC, the antitumor effects of IL-1/IL-2 are mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ cells (but not NK cells), and suggest that this combined cytokine treatment may be effective against established metastatic tumors.
The Electrophysiologic Properties of Bretylium Tosylate on the Digitalis-Sensitized Heart.
Authors: Janet I. Lipski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The Electrophysiologic Properties of Bretylium Tosylate on the Digitalis-Sensitized Heart.Janet I. Lipski, M.D., Ephraim Donoso, M.D., Charles K. Friedberg, M.D. (Master)Janet I. Lipski, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Ephraim Donoso, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Charles K. Friedberg, M.D. (Master)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-785_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe effectiveness of bretylium tosylate (5 mg/kg) as an antiarrhythmic agent was studied in 10 digitalis-sensitized and normal intact dog hearts. With a pacemaker catheter AV node and His bundle potentials were recorded with and without atrial pacing. Atrioventricular conduction, intraventricular conduction, heart rate, blood pressure, and ventricular automaticity were investigated. The ventricular escape time after vagal-induced asystole defined ventricular automaticity. Digitalis toxicity was produced with acetylstrophanthidin before and after bretylium. With atrial pacing, bretylium increased atrioventricular conduction 33% and acetylstrophanthidin increased it 24%; however, bretylium and acetylstrophanthidin's effect was 119%. The greatest latency was at the AV-His subinterval. Intraventricular... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Janet I. Lipski, M.D.; Ephraim Donoso, M.D.; Charles K. Friedberg, M.D. (Master)Affiliations: New York, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 785-786KeywordsBlood pressureCathetersHeartHeart ratePacemakersToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Oral misoprostol or intravenous prostaglandin E2 do not improve renal function in patients with cirrhosis and ascites with hyponatremia or renal failure
Authors: A. Ginès, J.M. Salmerón, P. Ginès, V. Arroyo, W. Jiménez, F. Rivera, J. Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
The biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol in human platelets
Authors: Charles T. Lucas, Frank L. Call, William J. Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Homogenates of human platelets can mediate the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol from myoinositol and cytidine diphosphate diglyceride. The cytidine diphosphate diglyceride: myoinositol, phosphatidyl transferase activity is particulate-bound, and the highest specific activity is found in the membrane fraction. The production of phosphatidylinositol is decreased by sulfhydryl-binding agents, and the addition of thiols to the platelet homogenates increases the enzymatic activity. The reaction exhibits a pH optimum of 8.5-9.0. Divalent cations stimulate the reaction, and manganous chloride was the most effective of those investigated. The K(m) of the enzyme for myoinositol is 0.27 mM, and the K(m) for cytidine diphosphate diglyceride is 0.53 mM. The enzymatic activity of platelets isolated from patients with several diseases known to interfere with platelet clotpromoting function is similar to the enzymatic activity of platelets from normal donors.
Growth-Hormone Secretion in Patients with Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Fred Benjamin, Donald J. Casper, Lawrence Sherman, Howard D. Kolodny
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Mean growth-hormone (HGH) concentrations during six-hour oral glucose tolerance tests were significantly higher in patients with endometrial carcinoma at one, two and three hours than in appropriately matched control subjects (p less than 0.01, less than 0.05 and less than 0.01 respectively). A paradoxical rise in HGH concentration followed the glucose load. The reasons for this abnormal HGH response remain to be determined. However, the present findings lend support to the hypothesis of an underlying hypothalamic-pituitary disorder in cases of endometrial carcinoma, or the possibility of "ectopic" hormone production by the tumor itself.
30 DAY OUTCOMES FROM THE PARTNER II TRIAL FOR TRANSAPICAL AND TRANSFEMORAL 29MM TAVR IN INOPERABLE PATIENTS WITH THE EDWARDS SAPIEN XT
Authors: Vasilis Babaliaros, Vinod Thourani, William Fearon, Joseph Bavaria, Michael Davidson, Hersh Maniar, Augusto Pichard, Michael Mack, Alan Zajarias, Todd Dewey, Susheel Kodali, Howard Herrmann, Raj Makkar, Ke Xu, Martin Leon, Mathew Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
CPC and the MGH
Authors: Herrman L. Blumgart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Clinicopathological conferences have their adversaries and their detractors. The latter assert that it is merely a guessing game to determine who has the winning ticket in the lottery. Some participants bitterly maintain that the pathologist always wins; the discusser is destined to lose, win, or draw. In one of the conferences, the officiating chairman changed the metaphor and, noting the panoply of diagnostic possibilities raised by the discusser, remarked, "Some people prefer to hunt with a shotgun, and others with a rifle."The recently published volume of 50 cardiac clinicopathological conferences of the Massachusetts General Hospital edited by Benjamin Castleman . . .
A role for PAF-acether (platelet-activating factor) in platelet-dependent vascular diseases?
Authors: J Benveniste, M Chignard
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Platelets-isolated or in conjunction with leukocytes-interact with vessel walls in many experimental and human diseases. Several mediators are held responsible for platelet activation and interaction with leukocytes, among which PAF-acether (platelet-activating factor) is a prime candidate. This phospholipid mediator is released by most inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, by isolated organs such as kidney and heart, is a potent platelet and neutrophil agonist, and exerts major vasoactive properties. Its biosynthesis involves a two-step enzymatic process yielding the active molecule from the membrane alkyl-ether choline-containing phospholipids. The first step implicates a phospholipase A2 that hydrolyzes a long-chain fatty acid (which can be arachidonic acid) from membrane phospholipids, leaving the intermediate compound lyso PAF-acether, a PAF-acether precursor that is acetylated by an acetyltransferase in a second step. It can also result from deacetylation of PAF-acether by an acetylhydrolase. PAF-acether release might explain the intervention of platelets in diseases such as glomerulonephritis and allergic vasculitis, in which the involvement of neutrophils and platelets is frequently noted. The end result of these complex sets of cell-to-cell interactions is the release of most known inflammatory mediators, influencing vascular permeability, cell infiltration, and smooth muscle contraction. Nevertheless, direct evidence for the implication of these rather well-defined cellular and molecular interactions in human pathologic states remains to be obtained.
Persistent expression of Pax3 in the neural crest causes cleft palate and defective osteogenesis in mice
Authors: Meilin Wu, Jun Li, Kurt A. Engleka, Bo Zhou, Min Min Lu, Joshua B. Plotkin, Jonathan A. Epstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Transcription factors regulate tissue patterning and cell fate determination during development; however, expression of early regulators frequently abates upon differentiation, suggesting that they may also play a role in maintaining an undifferentiated phenotype. The transcription factor paired box 3 (Pax3) is expressed by multipotent neural crest precursors and is implicated in neural crest disorders in humans such as Waardenburg syndrome. Pax3 is required for development of multiple neural crest lineages and for activation of lineage-specific programs, yet expression is generally extinguished once neural crest cells migrate from the dorsal neural tube and differentiate. Using a murine Cre-inducible system, we asked whether persistent Pax3 expression in neural crest derivatives would affect development or patterning. We found that persistent expression of Pax3 in cranial neural crest cells resulted in cleft palate, ocular defects, malformation of the sphenoid bone, and perinatal lethality. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Pax3 directly regulates expression of Sostdc1, a soluble inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Persistent Pax3 expression renders the cranial crest resistant to BMP-induced osteogenesis. Thus, one mechanism by which Pax3 maintains the undifferentiated state of neural crest mesenchyme may be to block responsiveness to differentiation signals from the environment. These studies provide in vivo evidence for the importance of Pax3 downregulation during differentiation of multipotent neural crest precursors and cranial development.
P1-185: Progress report: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E5597, an intergroup phase iii randomized double blind chemoprevention trial of selenium supplementation in resected stage i non small cell lung cancer
Authors: Daniel D. Karp, Sandra Lee, Gail Shaw, David Johnson, Omer Kucuk, Gerald Clamon, Randolph Marks, Michael Johnston, Gordon Okawara, John Ruckdeschel
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Association between elevated coffee consumption and daily chocolate intake with normal liver enzymes in HIV-HCV infected individuals: Results from the ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort study
Authors: M. Patrizia Carrieri, Caroline Lions, Philippe Sogni, Maria Winnock, Perrine Roux, Marion Mora, Philippe Bonnard, Dominique Salmon, François Dabis, Bruno Spire
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The dilution of proprietary corticosteroid ointments – an attempt to evaluate relative clinical potencies
Authors: J.R. Gibson, C. Darley, J. Kirsch, E.M. Saihan, V.S. Neild
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Ten subjects were assessed using the vasoconstrictor assay technique in a double-blind study in order to evaluate the potencies of several diluted and undiluted proprietary corticosteroid ointments. Results showed that clobetasol propionate 0.05% (Dermovate) ointment at a dilution of one part in ten (clobetasol propionate 0.005%) in white soft paraffin was equipotent with betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) ointment; and no difference in potency was demonstrated between beclomethasone dipropionate 0.025% (Propaderm), betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) and clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate).
A 59-Year-Old Woman With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus
Authors: Stuart Jon Spechler
Journal: JAMA (2003)

DR BURNS: Mrs J is a 59-year-old woman with a long history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and documented Barrett esophagus. She lives near Boston with her husband and has 2 grown children. She sees her primary care physician, Dr W, and she has managed care insurance.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Vasoconstrictors in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: LAURENT PAPAZIAN, ANTOINE ROCH, FABIENNE BREGEON, XAVIER THIRION, FRANÇOISE GAILLAT, PIERRE SAUX, VINCENT FULACHIER, YVES JAMMES, JEAN-PIERRE AUFFRAY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

It has been suggested that the increase in Po 2 observed with nitric oxide (NO) should be enhanced by the addition of a vasoconstrictor agent. The vasoconstrictor used in combination with NO should mimic or enhance hypoxic vasoconstriction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the respiratory and hemodynamic effects of norepinephrine (a nonspecific vasoconstrictor), almitrine bismesylate (a specific pulmonary vasoconstrictor), and inhaled NO, alone or together. During a 6-mo period, 16 patients presenting with ARDS were prospectively investigated. On inclusion, no patient was receiving cardiovasoactive drugs. The protocol consisted of seven consecutive phases: baseline, norepinephrine (in order to obtain a 3 mm Hg rise in mean pulmonary arterial pressure [Ppa]), almitrine bismesylate (16 μ g/kg/min), inhaled NO (20 ppm delivered during inspiration), norepinephrine + inhaled NO, almitrine bismesylate + inhaled NO, almitrine bismesylate + norepinephrine + inhaled NO. General factorial analysis of variance showed that inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate increased oxygenation (p < 0.0001). Norepinephrine had no effect on oxygenation. A synergistic effect between inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate was found (p < 0.05), whereas norepinephrine did not affect the response to inhaled NO. Nitric oxide produced a significant decrease in Ppa and pulmonary vascular resistances (PVRI) (p < 0.0001). Both almitrine bismesylate and norepinephrine induced an increase in Ppa (p < 0.0001). Norepinephrine increased PVRI (p < 0.002), whereas almitrine bismesylate had no effect on PVRI. The present results support the hypothesis that a selective pulmonary vasoconstrictor enhances the increase in oxygenation induced by inhaled NO, whereas norepinephrine attenuates this effect.
Healing of Duodenal Ulcer — Experimental Studies in Cats
Authors: M. Classen, W. Matek, H. Koch, H.-J. Pesch
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

With the aid of the pentagastrin model, the healing of duodenal ulcers was studied in the cat. At a dosage of 16 γ pentagastrin/hour/kg body weight, a duration of infusion of 36 to 39 hours proved to be the most favourable for the induction of duodenal ulcers. After four weeks of healing, the following regular observations were made: 1. None of the ulcers had healed completely. 2. In comparison with the erstwhile ulcer, the present healing equivalent was independent of the ulcer size and depth only in the granulation stage in the case of re-epithelialization of the marginal areas and highly significantly diminished (p < 0.005). The median value for the diminishment was x = 65% (95% confidence interval: 54–82%), the correlation between the active ulcer and the granulating ulcer being statistically established (0.01 > p > 0.001). Compared with this, after eight weeks healing duration: 1. All the ulcers were healed. 2. In comparison with the active ulcer no dependency of the healing duration on the size of the ulcer was demonstrable. The area of the scar was highly significantly diminished (p < 0.01). The diminishment median was x = 64% (95% confidence interval: 20–88%). There was a clear correlation between the size of the ulcer and the size of the scar (0.01 > p > 0.001).
Akt-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Regulates Tumor Cell Histone Acetylation
Authors: Joyce V. Lee, Alessandro Carrer, Supriya Shah, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Shuanzeng Wei, Sriram Venneti, Andrew J. Worth, Zuo-Fei Yuan, Hee-Woong Lim, Shichong Liu, Ellen Jackson, Nicole M. Aiello, Naomi B. Haas, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Alexander Judkins, Kyoung-Jae Won, Lewis A. Chodosh, Benjamin A. Garcia, Ben Z. Stanger, Michael D. Feldman, Ian A. Blair, Kathryn E. Wellen
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
EQUILIBRIUM BINDING KINETIC ANALYSIS WITH &amp; WITHOUT BLOCKADE OF S2 SEROTONIN RECEPTORS BY S2 ANTAGONISTS
Authors: D. F. Wong, A. Gjedde, C. Ross, R. Frank, R. F. Dannals, A. Salama, D. UʼPrichard, H. N. Wagner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

We have developed a model for studying reversible neuroreceptor binding ligands in the presence and absence of inhibiting drugs. For measuring human S2 serotonin receptors parameters in vivo we used the putative S2 Serotonin antagonist, ICI 169,369. Five subjects received 30 milligram BID of the drug or placebo in a double blind crossover study for 1 wk. each. Subsequently each subject received C-11 NMSP IV and binding was measured in the frontal cortex by PET. Input function was determined by rapid plasma sampling throughout the study. Blood concentrations of the drug were measured simultaneously. Rate constants Kl-k4 and volumes of distribution at equilibrium were determined. The percentage change from control to drug PET scan for the parameters k3/k4 declined during drug 5–40%; maximum frontal cortex/cerebellum declined 3–20%. Using partition coefficient assumptions, and a ratio of in vitro affinity data, preliminary receptor density Bmax & KD estimates averaged 93 pmoles/g, 18nM, resp. As for dopamine receptors, competing inhibitors can be used to estimate neuroreceptor binding rate constants of interest (JCBFM 6:137,1986). This approach also can be performed by varying specific activity but this protocol allows screening of new drugs for S2 serotonin activity with C-11 NMSP & even more specific PET ligands.
Prophylaxis of ventricular fibrillation after acute experimental coronary occlusion by chronic beta- adrenoceptor blockade with atenolol
Authors: U. MENKEN, V. WIEGAND, P. BUCHER, W. MEESMANN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Acute occlusions of the left circumflex coronary artery were performed in open-chest dogs. A control group (n = 19) was compared with three groups (total n = 17) pretreated once daily with different doses of the cardioselective beta-blocking drug atenolol (ICI 66 082) given by mouth for 5 days. Only animals without coronary collateral vessels were examined, having a mortality rate of 100% in the control group. Arrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation during the first 30 min after coronary occlusion showed a biphasic distribution in time (phase 1a and 1b). A lower degree of beta-adrenoceptor blockade reduced the incidence of arrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation in phase 1a, but fibrillation occurred in all animals during phase 1b. A higher dose of the beta-blocking drug protected the animals from ventricular fibrillation, and arrhythmias in phase 1a were greatly reduced. At all times the ventricular fibrillation threshold in the group pretreated with atenolol was significantly higher than in the control group. In both groups a significant decrease in ventricular fibrillation threshold was found only during phase 1a. The greater sensitivity of phase 1a arrhythmias to beta-blockade and the lack of a decrease in ventricular fibrillation threshold during phase 1b might indicate differences in the genesis of arrhythmias and fibrillation in phases 1a and 1b.
Anti-platelet Monoclonal Antibody P256 in the Diagnosis of Renal Transplant Rejection
Authors: M CARPANI DE KASKI, P F KEANE, A W J STUTTLE, J P LAVENDER, G WILLIAMS, A M PETERS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Platelets labeled in vitro with In-111 have a recognized place in the diagnosis of renal transplant rejection. Following their introduction for imaging thrombi, radio-labeled anti-platelet antibodies may also have a role in the diagnosis of transplant rejection. Four of 11 patients with recently donated transplants had biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes close to the time of administration of In-111 P256 Fab' fragment, which recognizes the IIb-IIIa fibrinogen receptor on primate platelets. The transplant-to-background count rate at 3 and 24 hours after these injections were 2.2 (SE 0.14) and 2.3 (0.23), respectively, almost identical to the ratios, 2.0 (0.1) and 2.2 (0.11), recorded at the corresponding times after 19 injections of P256 Fab' that were remote in timing from rejection episodes. P256 Fab' may have value in the detection of postoperative venous thrombosis, but it has no value for the detection of transplant rejection.
HYPOXIA ACCELERATES AND ENHANCES CARDIOMYOGENESIS IN MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL CUE FOR A CARDIAC CHALLENGE
Authors: Arti A. Ramkisoensing, Daniel A. Pijnappels, Antoine A. de Vries, Arnoud van der Laarse, Martin J. Schalij, Douwe E. Atsma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Nurse or Technician? — Hospital Prayers — The Doctor's Leisure
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

IT was once taught that a nurse should never be seen to be in a hurry except in the event of hemorrhage or fire. This must have been in the days when the tempo of the ward life was at a far slower pace than it is today. The scientific advances of recent years have brought about great changes in the atmosphere of the hospital ward. Intravenous therapy, radiologic and pathological investigations and radioactive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have all tended to become increasingly complicated, and the medical ward sometimes resembles a laboratory rather than a sick room.Greatly increased . . .
Pharmaceutical packaging can induce confusion
Authors: M. Rigby
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—The pharmaceutical industry seems to be dominated by packaging initiatives that unnecessarily compromise patient compliance and thus safety. A middle aged male patient in Ireland reports the challenge he faces daily as a result of inventiveness in product presentation. Currently he is prescribed six not unusual medications for a hypertensive condition and related effects, one replacing a previous drug. The packaging of each is in blister packs, one tablet to be taken per day, but the total non-standardisation of presentation is shown in the table.

View this table:

Packaging of seven commonly prescribed drugs for one patient



The …