tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CIGARETTE SMOKING, PROXIMAL CORONARY ARTERIAL PLAQUE COMPOSITION, AN RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND DEATH: A STUDY OF NONDIABETIC MEN AND WOMEN IN THE MULTINATIONAL CONFIRM REGISTRY (CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY EVALUATION FOR CLINICAL OUTCOMES: AN INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER REGISTRY)
Authors: Victor Cheng, Daniel S. Berman, Allison L. Dunning, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Q. Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Augustin J. Delago, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Phillipp Kaufmann, Fay Y. Lin, Khurram Nasir, Gil Raff, Leslee J. Shaw, Todd C. Villines, James K. Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Common variants in NLRP2 and NLRP3 genes are strong prognostic factors for the outcome of HLA-identical sibling allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Miquel Granell, Álvaro Urbano-Ispizua, Aina Pons, Juan Ignacio Aróstegui, Bernat Gel, Alfons Navarro, Sonia Jansa, Rosa Artells, Anna Gaya, Carme Talarn, Francesc Fernández-Avilés, Carmen Martínez, Montserrat Rovira, Enric Carreras, Ciril Rozman, Manel Juan, Jordi Yagüe, Emili Montserrat, Mariano Monzó
Journal: Blood (2008)
<i>Campfire in the Redwoods</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypertension guidelines: Beware diuretics in elderly patients
Authors: M. Polkey
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Hypertension guidelines 1B blockers no good for smokers EDITOR,-Though I welcome the British Hyper- tension Society's management guidelines in essential hypertension, I am dismayed that there is no mention of the importance of smoking in the choice of first line antihypertensive drug.'The Medical Research Council's trials in both young and older adults clearly showed that smokers do not benefit from , blockers.23Moreover, the trial in older adults indicated that the excess non- cardiovascular mortality in the treated groups was largely attributable to cancers in the ,B blocker group.3I am not aware of any study of hypertension which has refuted these grave doubts about (B blockade and believe that the rationale for its current use, not restricted to non-smokers, is merely that it lowers blood pressure despite the evidence that smokers would be at least as healthy without the (3blockers and possibly healthier.
Association of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase–Activating Polypeptide With Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Pengcheng Han, Richard J. Caselli, Leslie Baxter, Geidy Serrano, Junxiang Yin, Thomas G. Beach, Eric M. Reiman, Jiong Shi
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

There is a deficit of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in patients with neuropathologically confirmed Alzheimer dementia. However, whether this deficit is associated with the earlier stages of Alzheimer disease (AD) is unknown. This study was conducted to clarify the association between PACAP biomarkers and preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia stages of AD in postmortem brain tissue.To examine PACAP and PACAP receptor levels in postmortem brain tissues and cerebrospinal fluid from cognitively and neuropathologically normal control individuals, patients with MCI due to AD (MCI-AD), and individuals with AD; analyze the relationship between PACAP, cognitive, and pathologic features; and propose a model to assess these relationships.We measured PACAP and its receptor (PAC1) levels using enzyme-linked immunoassay. A total of 35 cases were included. All the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid samples were selected from Banner Sun Health Research Institute Brain and Body Donation Program. All cognitive test results were in record with the Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium.A comparison of PACAP and PAC1 levels among the healthy controls, MCI-AD, and AD dementia groups, as well as a systematic correlation analysis between PACAP level, cognitive performance, and pathologic severity.The PACAP levels in cerebrospinal fluid, the superior frontal gyrus, and the middle temporal gyrus were inversely related to dementia severity. The PACAP levels in cerebrospinal fluid correlated with the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale score (Pearson r = 0.50; P = .03) and inversely correlated with total amyloid plaques (Pearson r = -0.48; P < .01) and tangles (Pearson r = -0.55; P = .01) in the brain. The PACAP in the superior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus correlated with the Stroop Color-Word Interference Test (Pearson r = 0.58; P < .01) and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Total Learning (Pearson r = 0.33; P = .02), respectively. The PACAP in the primary visual cortex did not correlate with the Judgment of Line orientation test (P = .14). Furthermore, the PAC1 level in the superior frontal gyrus showed an upregulation in MCI-AD but not in AD. The pharmacodynamic model of the PACAP-PAC1 interaction best predicted cognitive function in the superior frontal gyrus, but it was less predictive in the middle temporal gyrus and failed to be predictive in the primary visual cortex.Deficits in PACAP are associated with clinical severity in the MCI and dementia stages of AD. Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of PACAP deficits in the predisposition to, pathogenesis of, and treatment of AD.
Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Leukemia and Wilms' Tumor
Authors: Sidney Farber
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Twenty years ago, one fourth of patients with the many diseases grouped under the word "cancer" were cured because of the greatly improved skills of surgeons and radiotherapists, aided by many specialties which contributed to the care of the patient. Improved techniques for the early diagnosis of many forms of cancer, combined with public education, decreased the serious lag which too often occurred between onset of symptoms of the tumor and treatment. For the 75% with cancer incurable by methods of treatment then available, new therapeutic weapons, or methods of prevention were required. It seemed unlikely that even the constantly improving skills of surgeons alone would increase the cure rate to an important degree. The full potential of radiotherapy was not then fully developed, nor is it even today. Prevention of cancer is the ideal for which we must strive. It is possible that this could be accomplished by the
CALPAIN INHIBITION PROTECTS MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA / REPERFUSION INJURY BY ENHANCING CYTOCHROME P450 EPOXYGENASE
Authors: SangJin Kim, Xiao Lei Gao, LaeYoung Jung, YiShik Kim, Hae-Eun Yun, SunHwa Lee, SangRok Lee, Won Ho Kim, JaeKi Ko, Jei Keon Chae
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Does Lung Adenocarcinoma Subtype Predict Patient Survival?: A Clinicopathologic Study Based on the New International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Lung Adenocarcinoma Classification
Authors: Prudence A. Russell, Zoe Wainer, Gavin M. Wright, Marissa Daniels, Matthew Conron, Richard A. Williams
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
cGMP-Prkg1 signaling and Pde5 inhibition shelter cochlear hair cells and hearing function
Authors: Mirko Jaumann, Juliane Dettling, Martin Gubelt, Ulrike Zimmermann, Andrea Gerling, François Paquet-Durand, Susanne Feil, Stephan Wolpert, Christoph Franz, Ksenya Varakina, Hao Xiong, Niels Brandt, Stephanie Kuhn, Hyun-Soon Geisler, Karin Rohbock, Peter Ruth, Jens Schlossmann, Joachim Hütter, Peter Sandner, Robert Feil, Jutta Engel, Marlies Knipper, Lukas Rüttiger
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Corticosteroid Drugs in the Management of Asthma
Authors: Haddon M. Carryer
Journal: JAMA (1965)

It has been approximately 15 years since the introduction of corticosteroid drugs for the treatment of allergic disorders.<sup>1</sup>The potency of these drugs is now widely recognized. Also recognized are associated undesirable side effects and circumstances that seemingly perpetuate a need for these drugs. It is toward the treatment of asthma, however, that this discussion is primarily directed. The corticosteroid drugs have significantly extended the treatment of the asthmatic patient. However, some doubt exists among physicians as to the proper place such steroids should occupy in the management of asthma. Concern does not seem to arise from lack of information regarding their value but, instead, from apprehension about their side effects and about starting a therapeutic program which may prove difficult to stop. To a degree, such apprehension is indeed well justified. Yet, there is a middle ground wherein one neither uses these drugs injudiciously nor withholds them from
Examinations and Medical Competence
Authors: Patrick J. McGovern
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Barry Stimmel, MD (242:140, 1979), proposes to use the pass-fail rate of US citizens on the Educational Council on Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) examination as a guide to the quality of education at a foreign medical school. This is an extremely unreliable method of estimating quality, because it completely ignores the level of education of the candidates. The ECFMG requires only two years of medical education at a school listed in the<i>World Directory of Medical Schools</i>, published by the World Health Organization. One school may have a high pass rate and have mostly graduates taking the examination; another may have mostly undergraduates taking the examination and have a low pass rate. There is no uniformity of the candidate population from school to school. In 1974 (the last year for which a statistical breakdown was published) McGuinness (229:431, 1974) showed that less than 40% of the US
GPs in principle but not in practice: a study of vocationally trained doctors not currently working as principals
Authors: M. Baker, J. Williams, R. Petchey
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To identify doctors who are vocationally trained but not currently practising as principals in general practice; their reasons for not practising as principals; and whether the prospect of a re-entry course would appeal to this group. <b>Design</b>: Postal questionnaire survey based on semistructured interviews. <b>Subjects</b>: Doctors who had been vocationally trained but were not currently practising as principals: 351 possible subjects identified by a process of "networking." <b>Setting</b>: Trent Regional Health Authority. <b>Results</b>: 166 of the doctors who replied fitted the criteria (100 women; 66 men). The out of hours commitment was ranked as the most important factor for not practising as a principal—95 women and 50 men rated it important—followed by difficulty in combining work with family commitments—84 women, 31 men. 82 respondents (49%) said they would be interested in a re-entry course if one were available. <b>Conclusions</b>: There is a pool of vocationally trained doctors in Trent region who are not practising as principals in general practice. More flexible working patterns and the availability of a re-entry course could make the post of principal in general practice a more attractive proposition to these doctors. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages The out of hours commitment and difficulties in combining work with family responsibilities are the most important factors listed for not working as principals in general practice Greater flexibility in working patterns would help to allow more trained doctors to continue their careers as principals in general practice The establishment of a re-entry course would be appreciated by half of the respondents
THE STRENUOUS LIFE AND ITS EFFECTS IN DISEASE.
Authors: S. T. RUCKER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

At the outset I desire to state that I am not opposed to the strenuous life when it is safeguarded by proper diversion and sufficient rest; but there is a wrong way to live the strenuous life, and it is of this I desire to speak. Work,<i>per se</i>, never kills, but it is the way one works. A bank account kept by continuous deposits in excess of the checks drawn is a good business method. It is when the account is overdrawn that one receives notice to make good the deficit. Mental and physical exercise in legitimate channels is good. It promotes health, happiness and a long life, but when by prolonged endeavor under high pressure an individual overdraws his supply of energy he must replenish it or suffer the consequence. The temperate life, the systematic methods of diversion and relaxation as practiced by Mr. Gladstone, the great English
Abstract 3041: Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 stimulates proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by up-regulating Cyclins D1 and E through the PI3K/Akt- and ERK-dependent AP-1 and E2F activation signaling pathways
Authors: Young-June Jin, Jeong-Hyung Lee, Young-Myeong Kim, Keun-Cheol Kim, Hansoo Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) is highly associated with malignant human cancers and has been suggested to be involved in tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, we examined the effect of MIC-1 on proliferation of endothelial cells. MIC-1 treatment accelerated progression of the G1 stage in cell cycle of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, together with increased cell proliferation. MIC-1 augmented the levels of cyclin D1 and E without affecting the levels of CDK inhibitors, thereby increasing activity of CDK, which led to Rb phosphorylation and subsequent E2F-1 nuclear translocation. MIC-1-induced expression of cyclins D1 and E was found to be mediated by AP-1 and E2F-1 transcription factors, and among the AP-1 members, c-Jun and JunD appeared to participate in MIC-1-mediated up-regulation of cyclin D1. Additionally, PI3K/Akt and ERK were found to mediate MIC-1-induced cyclin D1 expression. Importantly, lung endothelial cells of MIC-1 transgenic mouse exhibited increased cell proliferation rate and cyclin D1 and E levels as compared to the wild-type mouse counterparts. These results suggest that MIC-1 secreted from cancer cells stimulates endothelial cell proliferation by up-regulating of the G1 cyclins through the PI3K/Akt- and ERK-dependent AP-1 and E2F activation signaling pathways, potentially leading to the promotion of tumor angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3041. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3041
Childhood Lymphohematopoietic Cancer Incidence and Hazardous Air Pollutants in Southeast Texas, 1995–2004
Authors: Kristina W. Whitworth, Elaine Symanski, Ann L. Coker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among U.S. children with few known risk factors. There is increasing interest in the role of air pollutants, including benzene and 1,3-butadiene, in the etiology of childhood cancers.Our goal was to assess whether census tracts with the highest benzene or 1,3-butadiene ambient air levels have increased childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer incidence.Our ecologic analysis included 977 cases of childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer diagnosed from 1995-2004. We obtained the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 1999 modeled estimates of benzene and 1,3-butadiene for 886 census tracts surrounding Houston, Texas. We ran Poisson regression models by pollutant to explore the associations between pollutant levels and census-tract cancer rates. We adjusted models for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and community-level socioeconomic status (cSES).Census tracts with the highest benzene levels had elevated rates of all leukemia [rate ratio (RR) = 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05, 1.78]. This association was higher for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (RR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.03-3.96) than for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (RR = 1.24; 95% CI, 0.92-1.66). Among census tracts with the highest 1,3-butadiene levels, we observed RRs of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.07-1.81), 1.68 (95% CI, 0.84-3.35), and 1.32 (95% CI, 0.98-1.77) for all leukemia, AML, and ALL, respectively. We detected no associations between benzene or 1,3-butadiene levels and lymphoma incidence. Results that examined joint exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene were similar to those that examined each pollutant separately.Our ecologic analysis suggests an association between childhood leukemia and hazardous air pollution; further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
Arthritis Medicines and Cardiovascular Events—“House of Coxibs”
Authors: Eric J. Topol
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Probable adverse effects of long term use of somatostatin analogues in patients with RA
Authors: S Marcora
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

We would like to comment on two pilot studies recently published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases by Paran et al and Koseoglu and Koseoglu about the effects of otcreotide, a somatostatin (SOM) analogue, in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1,2 Both groups reported minor adverse effects as shown by routine clinical and laboratory assessment. However, because these SOM analogues had some positive effects on disease activity in these difficult patients, they concluded that they might be used as disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and that larger randomised controlled clinical trials were warranted.

Although we welcome research on new DMARDs, in this instance we feel obliged to point out some probable adverse effects of the long term use of SOM analogues in …
Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis: studies of bilirubin kinetics, bile acids, and cholangiography.
Authors: J A Summerfield, J Scott, M Berman, C Ghent, J R Bloomer, P D Berk, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1980)

Three patients with benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis are described. They had had between five and 16 attacks of cholestasis. Between attacks the liver function tests, including serum bile acids, were normal. Serial serum bilirubin and bile acid estimations during the cholestasis in one patient revealed a consistent discrepancy between the serum bilirubin and bile acid concentrations during three consecutive attacks. In the other two patients the serum concentrations of bile acids and bilirubin varied in parallel. Analysis of the individual serum bile acids did not reveal high concentrations of any 9toxic9 bile acid. In one patient, plasma bromsulphthalein (BSP) curves were obtained during both remission and cholestatic periods. The 45 minute retention was slightly increased (10.8%) during remission. During the cholestasis, the 45 minute retention (25%) and the fractional extraction coefficient (Ke=0.069 min-1) were markedly abnormal. The hepatic clearance of unconjugated radiobilirubin was normal at all times in this patient, although during cholestasis, conjugated bilirubin reflexed from the liver to the plasma and was then cleared slowly with a half life of approximately 12 hours. Treatment with corticosteroids, cholestyramine, and phenobarbitone was unsatisfactory.
Evidence-Based Assessment of Medical Technology—Reply
Authors: Mae Thamer
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incidence of methanogenic bacteria in a sigmoidoscopy population: an association of methanogenic bacteria and diverticulosis.
Authors: G A Weaver, J A Krause, T L Miller, M J Wolin
Journal: Gut (1986)

This study determined the incidence and concentration of methane-producing bacteria in tap water enema samples of 130 individuals taken before sigmoidoscopy. The number of subjects classified in five major colonic groups were as follows: normal colon 36, diverticulosis 57, inflammatory bowel disease 11, colon polyps 34, and colon cancer 11. Some patients were placed in more than one category. Ninety four of the subjects or 72% had methanogenic bacteria ranging in concentration from 6 to about 3 X 10(10)/g dry weight of faeces. The predominant methanogen in all groups was Methanobrevibacter smithii. Chi-square analysis showed that the incidence of methanogens in concentrations of 10(7)/g dry weight of faeces or greater in patients with diverticulosis (58%) was significantly greater than in normal patients (25%). High methanogen concentrations are associated with excretion of methane in the breath.