tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Complications of B-Cell Dyscrasias
Authors: Gloria Gallo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The kidney is often a window on systemic disease. In particular, it is a major target organ for the deposition of proteins that are produced in various diseases, and such deposits often increase glomerular permeability. Thus, albuminuria may be the earliest sign of abnormal protein deposits from various systemic diseases, including the B-cell dyscrasias.The deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulins in the kidneys and other organs is one of the serious complications of the B-cell dyscrasias. The diagnosis is suspected when tissue deposits are shown by immunohistochemical methods to contain a single light-chain isotype, as distinct from immune complexes that are . . .
Skin-draining lymph nodes contain dermis-derived CD103− dendritic cells that constitutively produce retinoic acid and induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Martin Guilliams, Karine Crozat, Sandrine Henri, Samira Tamoutounour, Pierre Grenot, Elisabeth Devilard, Béatrice de Bovis, Lena Alexopoulou, Marc Dalod, Bernard Malissen
Journal: Blood (2010)
Acute onychia and onycholysis due to an enzyme detergent.
Authors: G Hodgson, R T Mayon-White
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In conclusion, therefore, it is assumed that the complication of iodide sialadenitis is an indivzidual response mechanism and not related to plasma iodide levels in general.In the two reports of this complication in which iodide levels are available it does appear that those individuals who develop this rare manifestation of iodide toxicity do so when the level exceeds 11,000 tLg/100 ml.The total plasma iodide estimations were kindly carried out by
The Mechanical Factors of Digestion
Authors: Joseph B. Kirsner
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The general editors' preface, written in October 1911 when this book was first published, reads: "Amidst the press and rush of modern research, and the multitude of papers published in many tongues, it is necessary to find men of proved merit and ripe experience who will winnow the wheat from the chaff, and give us the present knowledge of their own subjects in a duly balanced, concise, and accurate form." What a magnificent choice, and what an intellectual treat today's physicians and physiologists will find in this informative and beautifully written book! Walter B. Cannon, for his time, was a master craftsman of physiological studies. This talent, in its perceptive and yet simple style, is revealed continuously from the initial studies on deglutition to the effects of emotions on the movements of the gastrointestinal tract. Dr Cannon began to use the Roentgen method of visualization of the digestive tract in
Endobronchial sonography: feasibility and preliminary results.
Authors: T Hurter, P Hanrath
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Endobronchial sonography, a new ultrasound technique, has been evaluated for the assessment of normal lungs and bronchial carcinomas. The procedure was performed with ultrasound catheters, which were introduced into central and peripheral bronchi through the operating channel of fibreoptic bronchoscopes. The bronchial wall is highly echogenic and laminated. The lung parenchyma appears echo rich and patchy. Pulmonary arteries can be identified by the pulsatile changes and floating echoes within the echo free lumen. Echo poor bronchial carcinomas were detected in 69 out of 74 patients with endoscopically visible tumours and in 19 out of 26 patients with peripheral carcinomas. The correct implantation of metallic stents was facilitated by endobronchial sonography in nine patients. The sonographic examination carried no particular risk and caused little discomfort.
The Δ <i>F508</i> Mutation Causes CFTR Misprocessing and Cystic Fibrosis–Like Disease in Pigs
Authors: Lynda S. Ostedgaard, David K. Meyerholz, Jeng-Haur Chen, Alejandro A. Pezzulo, Philip H. Karp, Tatiana Rokhlina, Sarah E. Ernst, Robert A. Hanfland, Leah R. Reznikov, Paula S. Ludwig, Mark P. Rogan, Greg J. Davis, Cassie L. Dohrn, Christine Wohlford-Lenane, Peter J. Taft, Michael V. Rector, Emma Hornick, Boulos S. Nassar, Melissa Samuel, Yuping Zhang, Sandra S. Richter, Aliye Uc, Joel Shilyansky, Randall S. Prather, Paul B. McCray, Joseph Zabner, Michael J. Welsh, David A. Stoltz
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel. The most common CF-associated mutation is ΔF508, which deletes a phenylalanine in position 508. In vitro studies indicate that the resultant protein, CFTR-ΔF508, is misprocessed, although the in vivo consequences of this mutation remain uncertain. To better understand the effects of the ΔF508 mutation in vivo, we produced CFTR(ΔF508/ΔF508) pigs. Our biochemical, immunocytochemical, and electrophysiological data on CFTR-ΔF508 in newborn pigs paralleled in vitro predictions. They also indicated that CFTR(ΔF508/ΔF508) airway epithelia retain a small residual CFTR conductance, with maximal stimulation producing ~6% of wild-type function. Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) agonists were less potent at stimulating current in CFTR(Δ)(F508/)(Δ)(F508) epithelia, suggesting that quantitative tests of maximal anion current may overestimate transport under physiological conditions. Despite residual CFTR function, four older CFTR(ΔF508/ΔF508) pigs developed lung disease similar to human CF. These results suggest that this limited CFTR activity is insufficient to prevent lung or gastrointestinal disease in CF pigs. These data also suggest that studies of recombinant CFTR-ΔF508 misprocessing predict in vivo behavior, which validates its use in biochemical and drug discovery experiments. These findings help elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of the common CF mutation and will guide strategies for developing new therapeutics.
Dose Imprecision and Resistance: Free-Choice Medicated Feeds in Industrial Food Animal Production in the United States
Authors: David C. Love, Meghan F. Davis, Anna Bassett, Andrew Gunther, Keeve E. Nachman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Industrial food animal production employs many of the same antibiotics or classes of antibiotics that are used in human medicine. These drugs can be administered to food animals in the form of free-choice medicated feeds (FCMF), where animals choose how much feed to consume. Routine administration of these drugs to livestock selects for microorganisms that are resistant to medications critical to the treatment of clinical infections in humans.In this commentary, we discuss the history of medicated feeds, the nature of FCMF use with regard to dose delivery, and U.S. policies that address antimicrobial drug use in food animals.FCMF makes delivering a predictable, accurate, and intended dose difficult. Overdosing can lead to animal toxicity; underdosing or inconsistent dosing can result in a failure to resolve animal diseases and in the development of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms.The delivery of antibiotics to food animals for reasons other than the treatment of clinically diagnosed disease, especially via free-choice feeding methods, should be reconsidered.
The Community Ecology of Diabetes Patient Classification and Practice Characteristics
Authors: Richard B Rothenberg, Carolyn L Olsen, Joel J Schnure, Todd M Gerber, Jerrilyn Cohen, Gerald B Curtis, James Jesserer, Janet Roach, Christine Wirth
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

We examined the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of diabetic subjects ascertained from five different sources (hospital, private practice, specialist practice, nursing home, and prevalence survey) in a medium-sized upstate New York community. Patients were categorized using the National Diabetes Data Group classification (based on weight and insulin requirement) and using an alternative clinical classification scheme based on age at onset and insulin use. Both classifications demonstrate marked differences in the distribution of diabetic subjects. Those seen in general medical practice reflect the prevalent population and tend to have fewer complications and less insulin requirement. Those seen in specialist practice or in hospital have higher complication frequencies. Thus, the source of patients may determine the epidemiologic picture of the disease, as well as the practitioners' perceptions. Use of the clinical classification scheme helps to identify a subgroup of diabetic subjects—those with onset past the age of 25 yr who use insulin—at greatest risk of complications. Further investigation of highrisk groups is warranted, particularly for the implementation and evaluation of diabetes control programs.
Rehabilitation of the Hand: Surgery and Therapy
Authors: Henry H. Stonnington
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The hand is the organ that most clearly demonstrates human creativity and precision as well as human destructiveness and amorality. The hand manipulates both pen and sword. The hand performs the dictates of the brain. An impaired hand, whether caused by trauma or neurological, arthritic, or musculoskeletal disease will produce a major disability and subsequent handicap with wide ramifications not only for the person, but also for that person's environment. It is, therefore, of vital consequence to overcome the handicap, negate the disability, and repair as much as possible the hand impairment. To accomplish this task, many disciplines have to be involved. There is a stepwise rehabilitation continuum from first carefully evaluating the destroyed hand to getting it back as a precision instrument in the workplace. This text-book demonstrates the process magnificently. I think this book, the third edition in twelve years, can be called a "living classic." Its 1258
The engineering and chemical aspects of soluble coolant oils
Authors: KENNETH D. CROW
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article The engineering and chemical aspects of soluble coolant oils Get access KENNETH D. CROW KENNETH D. CROW Princess Margaret Hospital, Swindon, Wiltshire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue s21, 1 September 1981, Pages 11–18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01302.x Published: 01 September 1981
Cellular induction of chronic allotype suppression of IgG2a in Ighb/b homozygous mice and its abrogation by in vivo treatment with anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody.
Authors: P Benaroch, E Georgatsou, G Bordenave
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

We report here the successful induction of allotype suppression in homozygous Ighb/b mice (CB20 or C57BL/6) by neonatal injection of T splenocytes from Igha congenic sensitized mice (BALB/c or BC8, respectively). The sensitization of the T cell donors was achieved by two intravenous injections of B splenocytes from Ighb congenic mice. Treated homozygous Ighb/b mice developed, as of 16-24 wk of age, a chronic suppression of Igh-1b expression (IgG2a of Ighb haplotype). The other productions tested (IgM, IgD, and IgA) of Ighb haplotype were unaffected. In vivo treatment with cytotoxic anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 mAb of mice subjected to chronic Igh-1b suppression clearly showed that CD8+ lymphocytes (suppressor or cytotoxic cell) were essential for the maintenance of the suppression. The suppression was indeed abrogated after a 1-wk treatment with anti-CD8 mAb containing culture supernatant, whereas, the anti-CD4-treated mice continued to be subjected to suppression. This anti-CD8 in vivo treatment was shown to have no effect on thymus but to severely reduce the percentages of CD8+ cells in spleen and in peripheral blood without affecting the percentages of CD4+ cells, leading to a large and rapid Igh-1b expression (up to 0.5 mg per ml of serum, the day after the end of the treatment). This suppression abrogation, and thus the Igh-1b expression, was either transient or permanent. When it was transient, a second 1-wk treatment with anti-CD8 mAb containing culture supernatant induced once again a rapid and significant production of Igh-1b (up to 0.3 mg of Igh-1b per ml of serum).
Uric Acid Excretion
Authors: PETER A. SIMKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1981Uric Acid ExcretionPETER A. SIMKIN, M.D.PETER A. SIMKIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-3-417_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent short paper of Wortmann and Fox (1) provides valuable new data on uric acid excretion in man. It is most important, however, that these findings not be overinterpreted. The authors' claim of a high correlation between 24-hour urinary uric acid excretion and the rate of uric acid synthesis rests on two series in which purine intake was rigidly restricted before and during the turnover study (2, 3). The authors' patients, in contrast, received a regular hospital diet. To this time there are no data to indicate that uric acid turnover will correlate highly with 24-hour...References1. WORTMANNFOX RI. Limited value of uric acid to creatinine ratios in estimating uric acid excretion. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:822-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCOTTHOLLOWAYGLASSARNOT JVHR. Studies of uric acid pool size and turnover rate. Ann Rheum Dis. 1969;28:366-73. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BIANCHIVITALICLERICO RCA. Uric acid metabolism in normal subjects and in gouty patients by chromatographic measurement of 14C-uric acid in plasma and urine. Metabolism. 1979;28:1105-13. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: PETER A. SIMKIN, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRate of radical polymerization of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate in cyclohexane 1 March 1981Volume 94, Issue 3Page: 417-417KeywordsDietExcretionPurinesUric acid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Purulent Pericardial Effusion Complicating Meningococcal Meningitis
Authors: Samuel Saslaw, Robert V. Diserens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

COMPLICATIONS associated with meningococcal meningitis, such as adrenal hemorrhage, cranialnerve palsies, arthritis and deafness, are well known and frequently described throughout the medical literature. An extremely rare complication is that of purulent pericardial effusion.In 1939 Orgain and Poston1 reviewed the literature on 30 cases of meningococcic pericarditis, to which they added 1 of their own. The majority of these patients died, and only a small number received serum therapy. Most of these effusions were of small amount, and were noted only at post-mortem examination, although the pericardium in 1 case was noted to contain 640 ml. of purulent material. . . .
Comment re: Intratumoral Immune Reaction in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Frank M. Speetjens, Peter J.K. Kuppen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

To the Editor: The recent article by Camus and coworkers (1) is in line with their previous reports on immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer (CRC). They showed the presence of a high density of immune effector cells in tumors of patients without metastases, whereas these cells were absent in the primary tumor or did not have an effector phenotype in metastasized patients (1). Although we agree that these results are highly interesting, we feel that this group thus far ignores a hallmark in CRC that is pivotal to the discussions on immune interactions in CRC, namely its genetic background. Two major types of genomic instability are recognized as mechanisms of carcinogenesis in CRC: chromosomal instability (CIN) and microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI is present in ∼20% of CRC, has a prevalence for right-sided CRC, and is associated with a better prognosis than CIN (2). CIN is associated with rather gross DNA aberrations. MSI, in contrast, is characterized by an accumulation of mutations in microsatellites due to failing mismatch repair. Deletions or insertions of base pairs in microsatellites of coding sequences result in shift of the reading frame downstream of the microsatellite and, from here, translation to an abnormal protein product, foreign to the immune system. The better patient prognosis in MSI compared with CIN may be based on expression of these aberrant proteins, resulting in better functioning of immune surveillance. Moreover, MSI has been shown to correlate with higher intratumoral numbers of CD3+, CD8+, and Granzyme B+ T cells; a more Th1-associated cancer microenvironment; and increased incidence of MHC class I loss by tumor cells (3, 4). CIN tumors have less prominent targets for the immune system in comparison with the highly aberrant proteins in MSI tumors. Up to now, for CIN-associated CRC, it is unclear if immunologic interactions play any role of significance in survival of patients. Several methods, both immunohistochemical and PCR based, are available for rather easy identification of CIN and MSI in CRC. Therefore, in our opinion, any study on immunologic interaction in CRC should stratify for CIN/MSI. By considering this genetic background, Camus and colleagues could make a major contribution to the discussion of involvement of immunologic interaction in CRC. This is important, as it will direct future immunologic treatment of CRC (5).No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
650 EXPRESSION OF CYCLOOXYGENASE- 2 IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS C VIRUS AND THE EFFECT OF INTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN THERAPY
Authors: A. Yosry, A. EL-Hendawy, N. Zayed, M. EL-Neklawi, M. EL-Sahhar, A. EL-Taweel, G. Esmat
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Cross-reactivity of walnut, cashew, and hazelnut legumin proteins in tree nut allergic patients*1
Authors: M.L. Wallowitz, S. Teuber, K. Beyer, H.A. Sampson, K.H. Roux, S.K. Sathe, F. Wang, J. Robotham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Colorectal Cancer Model of Health Disparities: Understanding Mortality Differences in Minority Populations
Authors: Blase N. Polite, James J. Dignam, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

African Americans are more likely to be diagnosed with and die as a result of colorectal cancer than white patients. This review briefly documents these differences and explores the factors that may contribute to advanced stage at diagnosis and reduced survival once African Americans are diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Attention is focused on what is known about the role of socioeconomic status, cancer screening, comorbidities and lifestyle factors, tumor biology and genetics, and the differences in the receipt of and benefit of appropriate therapy. Finally, areas of ongoing and future research and policy initiatives aimed at reducing disparities are discussed.
Abstract 3054: P1446A-05: a new oral cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor with potent preclinical antitumor activity
Authors: Kalpana S. Joshi, Amol Padgaonkar, Maggie Rathos, Vilas Wagh, Sonal Manohar, Dimple Bhatia, Anagha Damre, Meenakshi Sivakumar, Somesh Sharma
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cell cycle deregulation is one of the first steps that transform normal cells into tumor cells. Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) related alterations such as overexpression and amplification of cell-cycle activators or inactivation of cell cycle inhibitors are among the most common genetic changes in human tumors. The pursuit for drugs that inhibit Cdks has been an intense area of research for more than 15 years. A number of Cdk inhibitors are being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. P1446A-05 has been identified as a Cdk4-D1, Cdk1-B and Cdk9-T inhibitor. P1446A-05 exhibited greater selectivity to Cdk4-D1 and Cdk1-B that are involved in the G1 and G2/M phase of the cell cycle respectively. The IC50 values were 0.09 and 0.025 μM for Cdk4-D1 and Cdk1-B respectively. P1446A-05 also inhibited Cdk9-T, which plays a role in transcription, with an IC50 of 0.022 μM. P1446A-05 was inactive against many non-Cdks with an IC50 of more than 50 μM. In cytotoxicity assay using 30 human cancer cell lines P1446A-05 showed IC50 in the range of 0.5 to 3.9 μM, whereas the cytotoxicity for unstimulated normal human PBMNCs was &amp;gt; 10 μM. P1446A-05 arrested cell cycle progression at G1 and G2 phases and induced apoptosis in human cancer cell lines such as non-small-cell lung cancer (H-460), colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) and prostate cancer (PC-3) in a dose and time dependent manner. Furthermore, P1446A-05 affected the proteins involved in cell cycle and apoptosis. It down-regulated cyclin D1, inhibited Cdk4 specific phosphorylation (ser780 of retinoblastoma), induced the tumor suppressor protein p53, and reduced the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that P1446A-05 exhibited an absolute oral bioavailability of 82.48% in mice and 79.07% in rats. It showed dose-dependent increase in 1446A-05 levels in plasma of mice and rats. In in vivo efficacy studies, orally administered P1446A-05 significantly (p&amp;lt;0.001) inhibited the tumor growth in two xenograft models that of colon cancer (Colo-205) and non-small cell lung cancer (H-460) in SCID mice. These data demonstrated that P1446A-05 is an orally active inhibitor of Cdk with a unique target profile that may have therapeutic potential in human malignancies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3054. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3054
Ablation of Key Oncogenic Pathways by RITA-Reactivated p53 Is Required for Efficient Apoptosis
Authors: Vera V. Grinkevich, Fedor Nikulenkov, Yao Shi, Martin Enge, Wenjie Bao, Alena Maljukova, Angela Gluch, Alexander Kel, Olle Sangfelt, Galina Selivanova
Journal: Cancer Cell (2009)
By Silence Betrayed: Sexual Abuse of Children in America
Authors: Ruth S. Kempe
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>The Sexual Trafficking in Children: An Investigation of the Child Sex Trade, by Daniel S. Campagna and Donald L. Poffenberger, 250 pp, $24.95, paper $17.95, Dover, Mass, Auburn House Publishing Co, 1988.</h3> About 30 years ago the medical profession, like the general public, reacted with shock, revulsion, and disbelief to the evidence that occasionally parents physically attacked and sometimes fatally abused their own children. By 1986, the American Humane Society's annual statistics indicated 2 million reports of child abuse and neglect, 15.7% of them sexual abuse. A steep rise in the percentage of reports due to sexual abuse shows how its recognition has lagged behind the more visible physical abuse. But in the<i>Los Angeles Times</i>of October 25, 1985, a nationwide telephone survey of 2627 randomly chosen men and women reported that 22% of them admitted to having been sexually abused at some time before the age of 18.
Are the peers peers?
Authors: S. B. Soumerai
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their article, Drs Glantz and Bero<sup>1</sup>suggest that Glantz's initial research applications on tobacco control policies received poor priority scores from two study sections "because their members were not peers." They used this limited experience to launch an unsubstantiated critique of peer review policies. As a member of one of these study sections (Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Health Services Research Dissemination [HSRD]), but not a primary or secondary reviewer of the application, I wish to point out some serious flaws and objections that bias the article's conclusions and undermine its credibility. For the record, the reason the initial application that we reviewed received a 92% priority score had nothing to do with the composition and interests of the study section. The main point, which the authors fail to mention, is that the methods section was only a sketchy description of an interesting,