tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nervous and Mental Diseases.
Authors: Archibald Church, Frederick Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles of Exercise Therapy
Authors: E. A. Nicoll
Journal: BMJ (1943)

<b>Introduction:</b> There are few studies investigating the effects of abnormal glucose tolerance on functional capacity and physical activity in cystic fibrosis (CF) but yet not found a study for anaerobic power. Therefore, we aimed to compare physical activity, functional capacity, and anaerobic power in CF patients with and without impaired glucose tolerance. <b>Method:</b> Twenty-seven (13 M, 14F, aged 10-18 years) CF patients with impaired (CF-IGT) and 19 CF patients (11M, 8F, aged 10-17 years) without impaired glucose tolerance (CF-NGT) participated in the study. Lung function, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) findings were recorded. A six-minute walk test (6MWT) was performed, and heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood pressure, dyspnea, general, and leg fatigue using the modified Borg Scale were measured before and after the test. Anaerobic power was assessed using a vertical jump test. Peak power and average power were calculated. Bouchard Physical Activity Record was used for the assessment of physical activity level. <b>Result:</b> The CF-IGT group had a lower FEV1 (p=0.030) and FEF25-75% (p=0.015). The CF-IGT had a lower 6MWT distance (p=0.003), peak anaerobic power (p=0.027), and physical activity level (p=0.014) than those of CF-NGT patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> Physical activity, functional capacity, anaerobic power, and lung function reduced in CF patients with impaired glucose levels. Lung function is effected from increased glucose level in airway. Reduced physical activity, functional capacity, and anaerobic power may be related to disturbed skeletal muscle glucose anabolism.
Germany privatises university hospital
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2006)

An entire German university hospital will be taken over by a private hospital chain. The presidential minister of the German federal state Hesse, Roland Koch, announced last month that the state will sell the university hospital Giessen-Marburg to the German listed hospital group Rhon-Klinikum, which has headquarters in Bad Neustadt/Saale, for €112m (£77m; $133m). The state will retain a minority ownership of 5% to safeguard academic research and medical training.

The university hospital Giessen-Marburg is the result of a recent merger of two separate university hospitals in the towns of Giessen and …
Prospective, hospital based study of fever in children in the United Kingdom who had recently spent time in the tropics
Authors: J. L Klein, G. C Millman
Journal: BMJ (1998)

management, sputum collection, and discussions.MD performed the laboratory examinations in Baku, prepared the sputum specimens, and participated in discussion and analysis of the data.FJ was in charge of patient management, IJ participated in the patient management.AI helped with laboratory examinations and sputum collection.FM helped with patient management and data collection.RdeH initiated the project and participated in the discussion and analysis of the data and in writing the paper.FP participated in the analysis of specimens, discussion and analysis of the data, and writing the paper.
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma (Carcinosarcoma) of the Lung Mimics Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Anthony Ciarallo, William Makis, Javier-A. Novales-Diaz, Robert Lisbona
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Sarcomatoid carcinomas of the lung account for less than 0.4% of all lung tumors, and they are a heterogeneous group of non–small-cell lung carcinomas containing a sarcoma or sarcoma-like component. They have a poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival of 25% compared with 45% for other types of non–small-cell lung carcinomas. The literature on the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT to stage these tumors is very limited, and their PET/CT imaging characteristics have not been previously described. We report on 2 cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma that resembled malignant pleural mesothelioma on 18F-FDG PET/CT and were correctly staged.
Long-Term Protection of Retinal Structure but Not Function Using RAAV.CNTF in Animal Models of Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Fong-Qi Liang, Tomas S. Aleman, Nadine S. Dejneka, Lorita Dudus, Krishna J. Fisher, Albert M. Maguire, Samuel G. Jacobson, Jean Bennett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

The present study aimed to determine whether intravitreal administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) can achieve long-term morphological and physiological rescue of photoreceptors in animal models of retinitis pigmentosa, and whether injection of this virus after degeneration begins is effective in protecting the remaining photoreceptors. We injected rAAV.CNTF.GFP intravitreally in early postnatal Prph2Rd2/Rd2 (formerly rds/rds) mice and in adult P23H and S334ter rhodopsin transgenic rats. Contralateral eyes received an intravitreal injection of rAAV.GFP or a sham injection. We evaluated the eyes at 6 months (rats) and 8.5 to 9 months (mice) postinfection and looked for histological and electoretinographic (ERG) evidence of photoreceptor rescue and CNTF–GFP expression. Intravitreal administration of rAAV resulted in efficient transduction of retinal ganglion cells in the Prph2Rd2/Rd2 retina, and ganglion, Muller, and horizontal/amacrine cells in the mutant rat retinas. Transgene expression localized to the retinal region closest to the injection site. We observed prominent morphological protection of photoreceptors in the eyes of all animals receiving rAAV.CNTF.GFP. We found the greatest protection in regions most distant from the CNTF–GFP-expressing cells. The Prph2Rd2/Rd2 ERGs did not exhibit interocular dif-ferences. Eyes of the rat models administered rAAV.CNTF.GFP had lower ERG amplitudes than those receiving rAAV.GFP. The discordance of functional and structural results, especially in the rat models, points to the need for a greater understanding of the mechanism of action of CNTF before human application can be considered.
A tea/vanadate decoction delivered orally over 14 months to diabetic rats induces long-term glycemic stability without organ toxicity
Authors: Tod A. Clark, Clayton E. Heyliger, Melanie Kopilas, Andrea L. Edel, Asad Junaid, Floribeth Aguilar, Donald D. Smyth, James A. Thliveris, Michele Merchant, Hae K. Kim, Grant N. Pierce
Journal: Metabolism (2011)
Neue Möglichkeiten durch die Vakuum-Intrauterin-Sonde
Authors: K. Semm
Journal: Endoscopy (1969)

During the Gynecological Pelviscopy throught the umbilicus the uterus must be elevated to get view in the Douglas'-pouch. A new developped Vacuum-Intrauterine-tube is sucking in the major part of the cervix in its cap, so that the multiple perforated intrauterine cannula is absolutely fixed in the cavity of the uterus. With this instrument the uterus can be moved in all directions very easily. For the demonstration of the patency of the tubes a blue dye solution or gas will be instillated through the Vacuum-Intrauterine-tube.
The Mammography Dilemma
Authors: Donald E. Stanley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters6 May 2003The Mammography DilemmaDonald E. Stanley, MDDonald E. Stanley, MDNobleboro, ME 04555Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-9-200305060-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Goodman's review of the mammography controversy (1) is precisely what is required to avoid the self-referential gold standard status of randomized, controlled trials in the new paradigm of evidence-based medicine. Any gold standard must be incorporated into a systematic web of belief about clinical evidence that is not limited to outcomes of randomized, controlled trials but must consider the basic principles of medicine. As Goodman rightly pointed to the failure of the logical positivists to establish an indubitable standard of proof by describing strict conditions of verifiability, so evidence-based medicine will fail unless we all try to ...Reference1. Goodman SN. The mammography dilemma: a crisis for evidence-based medicine? [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:363-5. [PMID: 12204023] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Donald E. Stanley, MDAffiliations: Nobleboro, ME 04555 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Breast Cancer: Recommendations and RationaleU.S. Preventive Services Task Force*The Mammography Dilemma: A Crisis for Evidence-Based Medicine? Steven N. Goodman The Mammography Dilemma Steven N. Goodman The Mammography Dilemma Alfred O. Berg , Janet Allan , and Steven Woolf Metrics Cited byLimitations of the Randomized Controlled Trial in Evaluating Population-Based Health InterventionsDiffusion of innovation theory for clinical change 6 May 2003Volume 138, Issue 9 Page: 771 Keywords Clinical trials Evidence based medicine Mammography ePublished: 6 May 2003 Issue Published: 6 May 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Michael Edmond
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 November 1996Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMichael Edmond, MD, MPH, Richard P. Wenzel, MD, MSc, and A. William Pasculle, DScMichael Edmond, MD, MPHMedical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298.University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.Search for more papers by this author, Richard P. Wenzel, MD, MScMedical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298.University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.Search for more papers by this author, and A. William Pasculle, DScMedical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298.University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-10-199611150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Drs. Olmsted and Lundstrom and their colleagues that strict compliance with hand washing and prudent use of antimicrobial agents are important in preventing the selection of organisms that are resistant to antibiotics and in controlling the nosocomial transmission of these organisms. We acknowledged that some of our recommendations for the control of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus were based on limited data. Nonetheless, our concerns for airborne transmission of the organism have been emphasized further in the recent study by Sherertz and colleagues [1]. These investigators showed that a surgeon with nasal colonization of S. aureus who ...REFERENCE1. Sherertz RJ, Reagan DR, Hampton KD, Robertson KL, Streed SA, Hoen HM, et al. A cloud adult: the Staphylococcus aureus-virus interaction revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:539-47. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael Edmond, MD, MPH; Richard P. Wenzel, MD, MSc; A. William Pasculle, DScAffiliations: Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298.University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 10Page: 859-860KeywordsAntimicrobialsEpidemiologyPathogensPatient advocacyResearch laboratoriesRespiratory systemStaphylococcus aureusSurgeonsUpper respiratory tract infectionsViral transmission and infection ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Gender Transports: Privileging the “Natural” in Gender Testing Debates for Intersex and Transgender Athletes
Authors: Lance Wahlert, Autumn Fiester
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

In 1977, a transwoman named Dr. Renee Richards (formerly Richard Raskind) filed a civil lawsuit against the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) arguing that, against the backdrop of inherent, dramatic...
Anti-tumor efficacy of tumor vasculature-targeted liposomal doxorubicin
Authors: Raymond M Schiffelers, Gerben A Koning, Timo L M ten Hagen, Marcel H A M Fens, Astrid J Schraa, Adriënne P C A Janssen, Robbert J Kok, Grietje Molema, Gert Storm
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2003)
The Use of Total Artificial Heart With Example of Cases for End-Stage Heart Failure Therapy
Authors: Serkan Ertugay, Özlem Balcıoğlu, Ayşen Yaprak Engin, Emrah Oğuz, Çağatay Engin, Mehdi Zoghi, Sanem Nalbantgil, Sinan Erkul, Tahir Yağdı, Mustafa Özbaran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
18th Century Medical Institution Renews Its Educational and Scientific Mission
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (1996)

"SAY AHH! Examining America's Health" is the evocative name of the show that opened a new exhibition gallery at the venerable College of Physicians of Philadelphia a month ago. The public has long been welcome to view the collections of the college and attend its lectures and conferences. Since June 1, the institution has become more accessible, with its facilities open on Saturdays as well as weekdays. To celebrate a renewed commitment to public access and public service, the college completed construction of its new exhibition gallery in time for the June 8 opening of the new exhibit, which is a collaborative effort of the Strong Museum (Rochester, NY) and the Health Museum of Cleveland (Ohio). "Say Ahh!" will remain in Philadelphia, Pa, until August 31 before traveling to Cleveland, Ohio. Sharing its knowledge with the public is among the oldest traditions of the college, which was founded by an
Bad medicine: gabapentin and pregabalin
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

People have died from the drugs I have prescribed. I rationalised that these drugs were prescribed in good faith, in line with guidelines, and deaths were the result of misuse. But this offers no comfort to my sense of guilt. Prescription drug misuse is a problem, especially psychoactive drugs such as opioids and benzodiazepine. And there is an iatrogenic epidemic of harm in the US with nearly 15 000 deaths annually from prescribed painkillers. This is the tiny tip of an abuse iceberg, with an estimated 12 million Americans misusing these drugs recreationally.1 We have a social and …
Transportation: De-icers Add Sweet to Salt
Authors: David Tenenbaum
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Numerous studies dating back 18 years indicate that children who live close to major roadways tend to have more respiratory ailments as a result of exposure to nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ultrafine diesel exhaust particles, and other traffic pollutants.Children spend about 8 hours each weekday in school-and this part of their day may bring no relief from exposure.A new study finds that about one-third of U.S. public schools are located within 400 meters of a major roadway, and about one-tenth are within 100 meters."School attendance may result in a large dose of inhaled traffic pollutants that have been completely overlooked," says study leader
Hans Krebs: The Formation of a Scientific Life 1900-1933, vol 1
Authors: Nathaniel Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Sir Hans Krebs (1900-1981) was a distinguished biochemist who received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1953 for his discovery of the tricarboxylic acid cycle—the "Krebs cycle." The first of a multivolume biography by Frederick L. Holmes, the Avalon Professor of History of Medicine at Yale, describes Krebs' life from birth to 1933. Holmes describes in detail Krebs' background and upbringing, his relationship with his family, and his education as a physician and in biochemistry. His father was also a physician. Although father and son formally renounced their religious affiliation with Judaism, it was nevertheless to have repercussions. Early in the Hitler era Krebs was dismissed from his post at Freiburg University and went to Cambridge. The bulk of the book is a detailed summary and interpretation of the scientific contributions leading to the discovery of the biosynthesis of urea. Toward the close of the book, the concept
Serum tryptase measured with B12 and G5 antibody‐based immunoassays in mastocytosis patients and its relation to histamine turnover
Authors: None Granerus, None LÖnnqvist, None Nystrand, None Roupe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Serum tryptase was measured with the B12 and G5 antibody-based immunoassays in 25 adult patients with mastocytosis and in 18 controls. Twelve patients had uncomplicated cutaneous mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa) and 13 had urticaria pigmentosa with systemic symptoms. Tryptase levels were compared with histamine turnover estimated as urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid. Elevated B12 tryptase levels (> 20 microg/L) were found in most mastocytosis patients, including five of eight patients with only cutaneous manifestations who had a low urinary histamine metabolite excretion. This indicated a higher sensitivity for diagnosing mild mastocytosis on the basis of levels of serum tryptase as opposed to urinary methylimidazoleacetic acid. However, the serum B12 tryptase assay could not differentiate between urticaria pigmentosa patients with and without systemic disease: the measurement of histamine metabolite excretion probably reflects the mast cell burden more accurately. Serum G5 tryptase levels were generally low in both controls and mastocytosis patients.
Drug-Imprint Coding
Authors: William O. Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The past decade has seen imprinting of coded information on solid medication forms (tablets and capsules) become a reality. Elements of industry have been leaders in this transition. One firm initiated the process in 1967, and others followed shortly, so that today, some 68 of 70 of the pharmaceutical forms illustrating their products in the Physician's Desk Reference use some element of an imprint. One company has taken the step of imprinting brand names directly on its products.  Last summer (1973), an international symposium was held at Nancy, France, to discuss this issue. More than 100 representatives of 16 countries from four continents were present. Initial attention focused on trying to use physical characteristics as a basis of identification, and then the possible causes of failure, ie, color changes over time, manufacturing tolerance limits, and other factors. Nonetheless, in many countries, this system is the only option.
Everything you always wanted to know about whistleblowing but were afraid to ask
Authors: R. Coull
Journal: BMJ (2004)

T he ethical canvas of our society is changing, and patients, who in the past accepted paternalistic care, now demand fully informed consent. This shift in attitudes is producing tension within the NHS. A gap is opening up between those who think that the public needs to be protected from the truth about medical errors and poor management, and those who believe that openness and transparency are vital parts of a safe and fair modern healthcare system.
Studies on Chloroquine Retinopathy in Rabbits
Authors: Allan J. D. Dale
Journal: JAMA (1965)

CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE may induce irreversible retinal pigmentary degeneration in humans who receive the drug in high doses over a long period of time. This report describes ocular changes seen in rabbits after the prolonged oral administration of chloroquine phosphate. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Four albino and four pigmented healthy rabbits were fed chloroquine phosphate mixed with their food daily for 11 months. On the basis of a usual human dose of 250 mg/day for a 60-kg human (4.2 mg/k of body weight per day), four animals (two albino and two pigmented) received an approximate daily dosage of 42 mg/day/kg of body weight (ten times the usual human dose), and four animals (two albino and two pigmented) received 21 mg/kg of body weight per day (five times the usual human dose). The dosage for this latter group was later arbitrarily increased fourfold to 84 mg/kg of body weight per day (20 times
I-123 MIBG Imaging of Metastatic Carcinoid Tumor From the Rectum
Authors: NAOTO WATANABE, HIKARU SETO, MANABU ISHIKI, MASASHI SHIMIZU, MASANARI KAGEYAMA, YI-WEI WU, TOSHIRO NAGAYOSHI, YUICHI KAMISAKI, MASAO KAKISHITA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

I-131 MIBG, a specific radiopharmaceutical agent for scintigraphic imaging and treatment of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma may be useful for detection of apudomas. Scintigraphy with I-123 radiolabeled MIBG was performed in a patient with metastatic carcinoid tumor from the rectum. I-123 MIBG scintigraphic findings showed multiple areas of abnormal tumor uptake of hepatic and bone metastases from the rectal carcinoid. Bone scintigraphy demonstrated multiple metastatic lesions. Computed tomography revealed multiple solid tumors of the liver. This report describes accumulation of I-123 MIBG in the liver and bone metastases from the rectal carcinoid. Radioiodine MIBG scintigraphy may be useful for detecting metastatic lesions, for evaluating postoperative recurrence, and also for the treatment of the carcinoid tumor.
Skeletal Metastasis from Gastrinoma An Uncommon Manifestation of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor
Authors: HEE-MYUNG PARK, DAVID B. GUDKESE, STEVEN A. CLARK, ROBERT NELSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Pancreatic endocrine tumors are capable of producing multiple peptides, e.g., gastrin, glucagon, insulin, or somatostatin from a single tumor, but not necessarily at the same time. The malignant form of these tumors frequently metastasizes to the liver, but seldom to the bone. A patient with such a tumor initially presented with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrioma), and later developed manifestations of glucagonoma. Over the 27-year course of her disease she developed multi-organ metastases, including skeletal metastases. She died of gram-negative sepsis. Postmortem immunohistochemical studies of the metastatic tumors demonstrated strong reactivity to gastrin and glucagon antibodies.