tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stones, lithotripters, trials, and arguments.
Authors: H A Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1986)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Unsystematic screening for prostate cancer (PCa) is common, causing a high number of false-positive results. Valid instruments for assessment of individual risk of PCa have been called for. A DNA-based genetic test has been tested retrospectively. The clinical use of this test needs further investigation. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact on the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests of introducing genetic PCa risk assessment in general practice. The secondary objectives are to evaluate PCa-related patient experiences, and to explore sociocultural aspects of genetic risk assessment in patients at high PCa risk. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> The study is a cluster-randomised, controlled intervention study with practice as the unit of randomisation. We expect 140 practices to accept participation and include a total of 1244 patients in 4 months. Patients requesting a PSA test in the intervention group practices will be offered a genetic PCa risk assessment. Patients requesting a PSA test in the control group practices will be handled according to current guidelines. Data will be collected from registers, patient questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data will be analysed according to intention-to-treat principles. Baseline characteristics will be compared between groups. Longitudinal analyses will include time in risk, and multivariable analysis will be conducted to evaluate the influence of general practitioner and patient-specific variables on future PSA testing. Interview data will be transcribed verbatim and analysed from a social-constructivist perspective. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Consent will be obtained from patients who can withdraw from the study at any time. The study provides data to the ongoing conceptual and ethical discussions about genetic risk assessment and classification of low-risk and high-risk individuals. The intervention model might be applicable to other screening areas regarding risk of cancer with identified genetic components, for example, colon cancer. The study is registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT01739062).
Effects of isoprenaline on coronary blood flow: its distribution and myocardial performance
Authors: G. D. BUCKBERG, G. ROSS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

Journal Article Effects of isoprenaline on coronary blood flow: its distribution and myocardial performance Get access GERALD D. BUCKBERG, GERALD D. BUCKBERG From the Division of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Physiology, University of California, Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California 90024, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GORDON ROSS GORDON ROSS 1 From the Division of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Physiology, University of California, Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California 90024, U.S.A. 1This work was performed during the tenure by Dr. Gordon Ross of an Established Investigatorship of the American Heart Association. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 7, Issue 4, July 1973, Pages 429–437, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/7.4.429 Published: 01 July 1973
Everolimus for Subependymal Giant-Cell Astrocytomas in Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Darcy A. Krueger, Marguerite M. Care, Katherine Holland, Karen Agricola, Cynthia Tudor, Prajakta Mangeshkar, Kimberly A. Wilson, Anna Byars, Tarek Sahmoud, David Neal Franz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Neurosurgical resection is the standard treatment for subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas in patients with the tuberous sclerosis complex. An alternative may be the use of everolimus, which inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin, a protein regulated by gene products involved in the tuberous sclerosis complex.Patients 3 years of age or older with serial growth of subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas were eligible for this open-label study. The primary efficacy end point was the change in volume of subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas between baseline and 6 months. We gave everolimus orally, at a dose of 3.0 mg per square meter of body-surface area, to achieve a trough concentration of 5 to 15 ng per milliliter.We enrolled 28 patients. Everolimus therapy was associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in volume of the primary subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma, as assessed on independent central review (P<0.001 for baseline vs. 6 months), with a reduction of at least 30% in 21 patients (75%) and at least 50% in 9 patients (32%). Marked reductions were seen within 3 months and were sustained. There were no new lesions, worsening hydrocephalus, evidence of increased intracranial pressure, or necessity for surgical resection or other therapy for subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma. Of the 16 patients for whom 24-hour video electroencephalography data were available, seizure frequency for the 6-month study period (vs. the previous 6-month period) decreased in 9, did not change in 6, and increased in 1 (median change, -1 seizure; P=0.02). The mean (±SD) score on the validated Quality-of-Life in Childhood Epilepsy questionnaire (on which scores can range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating a better quality of life) was improved at 3 months (63.4±12.4) and 6 months (62.1±14.2) over the baseline score (57.8±14.0). Single cases of grade 3 treatment-related sinusitis, pneumonia, viral bronchitis, tooth infection, stomatitis, and leukopenia were reported.Everolimus therapy was associated with marked reduction in the volume of subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas and seizure frequency and may be a potential alternative to neurosurgical resection in some cases, though long-term studies are needed. (Funded by Novartis; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00411619.).
Abnormal Renin Short Feedback Loop in Essential Hypertension Is Reversible with Converting Enzyme Inhibition
Authors: Meryl S. Leboff, Robert G. Dluhy, Norman K. Hollenberg, Thomas J. Moore, Richard J. Koletsky, Gordon H. Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

The suppression of renin release by angiotensin II (AII) (the so-called short feedback loop) is blunted in essential hypertension. To determine whether this abnormality is reversible, renin release was assessed in sodium-restricted essential hypertensives and normal controls: (a) during the administration of captopril for varying intervals and (b) following the infusion of graded doses of AII (0.3-3 ng/kg per min) before and after plasma levels of AII had been chronically reduced with captopril (25-50 mg every 6 h) for 70 h.
The Old Man (Yellow Beard)
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cross-National Changes in the Effects of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Bernard S. Bloom
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To describe and to analyze the changing effects of peptic ulcer disease over time. Design: Variables relating to peptic ulcer disease from 1970-1986 were compared. The variables included rates of mortality, hospitalizations, operations, physician visits, and endoscopies, and the amount of disability-related loss of work and early retirement in six countries (Belgium, England and Wales, the Federal Republic of Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States). Measurements: Nonparametric epidemiologic time-trend analysis. Main Results: The historic, slow, declining trend in mortality and hospitalization rates continued. The rate of operations for peptic ulcer disease exhibited a large, one-time reduction, then returned to a parallel declining trend, but at a lower level. The rate of physician visits declined by 50%. The greatest changes were found in the rate of endoscopy use and in disability-related loss of work and early retirement, where increasing trends were quickly followed by decreasing trends. The elderly, especially women, generally did not share many of these benefits. Conclusions: The effects of new interventions can be understood more fully by examining several variables in many countries over a long time. Contrary to expectations, the effects of the widespread use of histamine H2 antagonists have been more indirect (affecting work loss and disability retirement more) than direct (affecting high-cost medical service use and mortality less).
Abstract 1268: Identification of a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6-binding partner that is a potential lysine-63 linked ubiquitination substrate
Authors: Chien-Ling Huang, Ju-Chien Cheng, Shau-Yu Liu, Ching-Ping Tseng
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an ubiquitin E3 ligase that catalyzes lysine-63 linked polyubiquitination of various signaling proteins. The recruitment and formation of different protein complexes with TRAF6 leads to activation of TRAF6-associated signaling and regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we search for novel TRAF6-binding partners that may have implication in TRAF6 signaling and cancer progression. Bioinformatic analysis identified a putative TRAF6-binding protein (TRAF6BP) that contains the consensus TRAF6-binding motif X-X-P-X-E-X-X-Ar/Ac-X and thereby TRAF6BP was subjected to further characterization. In accord with the bioinformatics prediction, coimmunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated the binding between TRAF6BP and TRAF6. TRAF6BP also interacts with other TRAF proteins including TRAF-2, −3, −5 but the interaction was much weaker than TRAF6. Domain mapping with TRAF6 deletion mutants identified the TRAF-C domain of TRAF6 is important for its interaction with TRAF6BP. In vivo ubiquitination assay further unveiled that TRAF6BP is a substrate of TRAF6 E3 ligase and underwent ubiquitination in the presence of TRAF6. Only the expression of full-length TRAF6, but not the TRAF-C deletion mutants of TRAF6 resulted in the ubiquitination of TRAF6BP. In addition, TRAF6BP ubiquitiation was abrogated when the lysine-63 ubiquitin mutant (K63R) but not the lysine-48 mutant (K48R) was used as the ubiquitin substrate. Together, we demonstrated for the first time that TRAF6BP is a novel TRAF6-binding protein and is a potential lysine-63 ubiquitination substrate of TRAF6; the TRAF6BP-TRAF6 interaction is essential for TRAF6 to ubiquitinate TRAF6BP. The significances of TRAF6BP-TRAF6 interactions and TRAF6BP ubiquitination in cancer progression and TRAF6 signaling are worthy to further investigation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1268.
Organ Shortage: Ethics, Law and Pragmatism
Authors: Deborah Bowman
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obstruction of Vertebral Artery in a 43-Year-Old Man
Authors: Richard Jankowski
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>History</h3> A 43-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a one-day history of lethargy, severe headache, and difficulties in gait. Physical examination demonstrated midbrain and tectum dysfunction. Spinal fluid was xanthochromic, with 320,000 RBCs per cubic millimeter. An arteriovenous malformation in the region of the tectum and quadrigeminal plate was identified on a computed tomographic study. A selective left vertebral injection was performed with the patient's head turned to the right for the lateral view and demonstrated complete occlusion of the left vertebral artery (Fig 1). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Transient rotational obstruction of vertebral artery associated with high flow. <h3>Comment</h3> The vertebral angiogram was repeated with the head of the patient straightened and demonstrated patency of the enlarged left vertebral artery and also outlined a large arteriovenous malformation in the posterior fossa (Fig 2). Many causes have been cited for extrinsic occlusion of the vertebral artery below the level of C2,
Some Schools Agree to Let Sleeping Teens Lie
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1996)

HIGH SCHOOL will open at 8:30AMthis fall, 65 minutes later than last year, in Edina, Minn, a Minneapolis suburb. School officials hope the 1300 students in grades 9 through 12 will get more sleep and, as a result, be sharper in class. Area physicians lobbied for the new hours. The Minnesota Medical Association (MMA) wrote the state's 450 school district superintendents in 1994, noting that puberty resets the internal biological clock, prompting teenagers to go to bed later and to need to sleep later than younger children. The MMA cited studies linking inadequate sleep with lower grades and more frequent car crashes. It urged high schools to open at 8AMor later. "When the medical community speaks out on an issue of health," said Kenneth Dragseth, Edina superintendent of schools, "it carries a lot of clout." <h3>'A Complex Affair'</h3> Changing school opening and dismissal times is a
Appropriateness of Spinal Manipulation
Authors: Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters5 January 1999Appropriateness of Spinal ManipulationPaul G. Shekelle, MD, PhD, Ian A. Coulter, PhD, and Robert H. Brook, MD, ScDPaul G. Shekelle, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, Ian A. Coulter, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, and Robert H. Brook, MD, ScDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We understand Dr. Hill's confusion over the criteria used in our study; space limitations prevented us from presenting the ratings for the full 1550 indications, along with their accompanying definitions (available from RAND [1]). The chronic low back pain indication rated as “appropriate” for spinal manipulation (with previous manipulation and favorable response—indication 45, chapter 9 of the RAND report) was also rated as appropriate with the identical clinical descriptors in the absence of any history of manipulation (indication 45, chapter 8). Ergo, a favorable response to manipulation was not necessary for an actual patient's care to be judged ...References1. Shekelle PG, Adams AH, Chassin MR, Hurwitz EL, Park RE, Phillips RB, et al . The Appropriate Use of Spinal Manipulation for Back Pain: Indications and Ratings by a Multi-disciplinary Expert Panel. Santa Monica, CA: RAND; 1991. Google Scholar2. Hoehler FK, Tobis JS, Beurger AA. Spinal manipulation for low back pain. JAMA. 1981;245:1835-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hadler NM, Curtis P, Gillings DB, Stinnett S. A benefit of spinal manipulation as adjunctive therapy for acute low back pain: a stratified controlled trial. Spine. 1987;12:702-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Battie M, Street J, Barlow W. A comparison of physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, and provision of an educational booklet for the treatment of patients with low back pain. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1021-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCongruence between Decisions To Initiate Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation for Low Back Pain and Appropriateness Criteria in North America Paul G. Shekelle , Ian Coulter , Eric L. Hurwitz , Barbara Genovese , Alan H. Adams , Silvano A. Mior , and Robert H. Brook Appropriateness of Spinal Manipulation Peter G. Hill Appropriateness of Spinal Manipulation Myron M. LaBan and Ronald S. Taylor Appropriateness of Spinal Manipulation Louis Sportelli Metrics 5 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 1Page: 76KeywordsChiropracticLower back painPatients Issue Published: 5 January 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Analgesic Abuse and the Barbiturate Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Sheldon H. Preskorn
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Abstinence syndromes secondary to sedative-hypnotic drugs can occur in a wide range of clinical situations. The first such cases due to a combination analgesic product containing a barbiturate are reported. Cryptic abuse of combination prescription drugs can cause difficult diagnostic problems, such as the abstinence syndromes reported here. Each prescriber should know the individual agents contained in a combination preparation and their potential side effects.
Non-invasive assessment of fibrillatory activity in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation using the Holter ECG
Authors: A Bollmann
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Automatic analysis of the frequency content of the fibrillatory baseline on the surface ECG accurately reflects the average rate of atrial fibrillation (AF). This frequency measurement correlates with the behavior of AF and predicts the response to administration of ibutilide, a new antiarrhythmic drug. Neither the temporal pattern of fibrillatory frequency in spontaneous paroxysmal or persistent AF, nor its response to chronic antiarrhythmic medication has been studied so far.Holter ECG recordings were made in 20 patients during AF. One minute ECG segments were selected for analysis. The frequency content of the fibrillatory baseline was then quantified using digital signal processing. After high-pass filtering, the QRST complexes were subtracted using a template matching algorithm. The resulting fibrillatory baseline signal was subjected to Fourier transformation, displayed as a frequency power spectrum and the peak frequency (f) was determined. In 11 patients (7 male, 4 female, age 62 +/- 10 years) 31 paroxysmal AF episodes were analyzed. Duration ranged from 1 min to 665 min (115 +/- 175 min). Initial mean peak f measured 5.1 +/- 0.7 Hz (range 3.9 to 6.9 Hz). There was a positive correlation between f and AF duration (R = 0.53, p = 0.002). AF of less than 15 min duration (n = 13) showed a lower f (4.8 +/- 0.6 Hz) when compared with longer lasting episodes (n = 18, 5.3 +/- 0.7 Hz, p = 0.03). In short AF episodes f was constant, whereas in longer-lasting episodes f increased to 5.8 +/- 0.5 Hz (p < 0.001) within 5 min. In 9 patients (9 male, age 58 +/- 8 years) with persistent AF oral antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone n = 5, sotalol n = 3, flecainide n = 1) were given prior to electrical cardioversion for prophylaxis of AF recurrence. Frequency measurements were obtained at baseline and 3 to 5 days after initiation of drug administration. At baseline mean f measured 6.9 +/- 0.4 Hz. Frequency was reduced by antiarrhythmic drugs to 5.8 +/- 0.4 Hz (p < 0.001).(1) The duration of paroxysmal AF episodes can be predicted using spectral analysis of ECG recordings of AF episodes. (2) An increase in fibrillatory frequency is associated with AF persistence. (3) This technique can be used to monitor the response to antiarrhythmic medication.
Scuba Diving and Laryngospasm
Authors: G. T. Bowen
Journal: JAMA (1965)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— In the July 5 issue of The Journal (193:85, 1965), anoxia, laryngospasm, and unconsciousness in a scuba diver was discussed by John Huss, MD. As I read the question and answer, I realized it was not the proper answer. What the buddy diver was concerned about was an overexpansion of the lungs, rupture of the alveoli, and air emboli by this mechanism, rather than air emboli due to the nitrogen gas in the blood-stream.There is a definite physical relationship between pressure and volume among gases; ie, a diver's lungs may contain 2 liters of air at 3 atmospheres of pressure. This same 2 liters of air would expand to 4 liters at 2 atm of pressure and to 8 liters at 1 atm or sea-level pressure. Consequently, a normal ascent from the depths requires a diver to blow off approximately 6 liters of air without
THE RECOGNITION AND COMPARISON OF PROLAN AND PROLAN-LIKE SUBSTANCES
Authors: Herbert M. Evans, Miriam E. Simpson, Paul R. Austin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

The synergism phenomenon has made possible the recognition of substances, which we have called "prolan-like," in a wide variety of conditions. Indeed, it has been possible to demonstrate a prolan-like material in the urine of normal men. The method has shown a wide distribution of prolan-like substances in sera and urines of non-primates without demonstrating, however, significant difference in the reactions secured from pregnant as contrasted with non-pregnant states, or in males as contrasted with females. The synergism phenomenon with pregnancy prolan can also be shown in the increased development of the seminal vesicles of immature male rats. However, such males cannot be advantageously employed in the detection of prolan-like gonadotropic substances occurring in the blood and urine in conditions other than pregnancy, for the prolan-like substances usually do not effect appreciable development of the seminal vesicles.
The Echocardiogram
Authors: Arthur J. Moss, Fred Bruhn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE first medical application of ultrasound was reported in 1942, when Dussik1 tried to outline the ventricles of the brain. Since then, the biophysical characteristics and the clinical safety requirements of ultrasound have been defined, and this technic has been used diagnostically and therapeutically in a variety of diseases.2 The application of ultrasound in cardiology dates back to 1950, when Keidel3 attempted to measure volume changes in the heart by directing an ultrasound beam through the chest. Subsequent studies by other investigators indicated the potential usefulness of ultrasound in the evaluation of mitral-valve disease4 , 5 and in the detection of atrial . . .