tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
METHYL-VIOLET—ITS PLACE IN THE AFFECTIONS OF THE EYE.Read before the Section on Ophthalmology, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: FLAVEL B. TIFFANY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Since the day I first read and translated Prof. J. Stilling's articles on the subject of methyl-violet as they appeared in the<i>Revue General d'Ophthalmologie</i>in the year 1890, I have almost daily resorted to the drug as one of the remedies in the treatment of the various affections of the eye. For perhaps a year or more from the time this drug, as a therapeutical agent, was introduced by Prof. Stilling (as is the case with most other new remedies indorsed by authority), it was extensively discussed in all medical literature throughout the land. Many if not all ophthalmologists tried it in one form or another in one disease or another, and some were pleased with it while others were disappointed. Some were satisfied of positive results and added it to their list as a good and reliable remedy. Others were disappointed, getting as they believed no good effect
Premature deaths should be the priority for prevention
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2010)

“We must all die from something,” Iona Heath reminds us, lest we forget (doi:10.1136/bmj.c3883). Her point, beautifully made as always, is that we should focus not on reducing mortality, which will always be 100%, but on reducing premature mortality. And this means we must prioritise. “If we continue to fight all causes of mortality, particularly in extreme old age, we have no hope of success,” she writes. “And we will consume an ever increasing proportion of healthcare resources for ever diminishing returns.”

This week’s BMJ features two important global causes of premature mortality: malaria and suicide. Now that TV celebrity Cheryl Cole is on the mend from her recent bout of malaria, it seems reasonable to …
Global cancer cases and deaths are set to rise by 70% in next 20 years
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The number of new cases of cancer diagnosed every year around the world is set to increase by 69% by 2030 to 21 million, the WHO has predicted.

Deaths from cancer are also expected to rise by 72% by 2030 to 13 million, up from 7.6 million deaths in 2008, says the organisation’s International Agency for Cancer Research.

Freddy Bray, scientist at the agency, said there will be disparities between developing and developed regions because of changes in population size and the proportion of those who are older. The burden will be greater in developing regions, where incidence will continue to increase, said Dr Bray.

The forecast is based on …
General practitioners' views on over the counter sales by community pharmacists
Authors: J. Erwin, N. Britten, R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1996)

More over the counter medications have been made available recently. We carried out a survey of general practitioners' views on various drugs being dispensed by community pharmacists without a prescription to determine whether these views have changed since 1990.1

Details of 1301 general practices were obtained from eight family health service authorities throughout England. All 250 fundholding practices were included in the study together with a random sample of 250 urban and 350 rural non-fundholding practices to permit comparisons between fundholding (mainly rural) and rural non-fundholding general practices and between urban and rural non-fundholding practices. The larger number of rural non-fundholding practices were included so as to increase the statistical power of the study.

In November 1994 a questionnaire was dispatched to one randomly selected doctor from each practice. It sought information on basic characteristics of the practice and the responding general practitioner. The section …
P43 Safety of Pre-Operative Lung Function Testing in Patients with a Thoracic or Thoraco-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: PV Joshi, P Bourke, S Martin, WLG Oldfield
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Lung function testing is a useful component of the pre-operative assessment of patients being considered for major surgery. Current national and international guidelines suggest that the presence of a thoracic aortic aneurysm is a contra-indication to testing as the major swings in intra-thoracic pressure that occur during lung function testing may precipitate rupture of the aneurysmal sac. The evidence base for this recommendation is minimal and based on expert opinion only. <h3>Aims</h3> To audit the use of pulmonary function testing in the pre-operative assessment of patients with a thoracic or thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients who were referred to a tertiary vascular surgical unit for elective or urgent repair of a thoracic or thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm over a 60 month period (January 2005 until January 2010) were included in the audit. Patients who were referred as an emergency, or assessed for surgery but not treated, were excluded. Pre-operative pulmonary function studies for these patients were reviewed, particularly any comments by the Physiologist. Incident reports for the Respiratory Physiology Laboratory during this period were also requested. <h3>Results</h3> 183 patients were referred and subsequently operated on. Of these, lung function test results were not available for 11 patients. Of the remaining 172 patients, no adverse incidents (either immediate or late) were recorded for 171 patients. One patient complained of pain during tests but the nature of this pain, or any associated adverse event, was not documented. This patient proceeded to elective repair of the aneurysm 8 days after testing. There were no clinical incident forms submitted from the Respiratory Physiology Laboratory during this period associated with patients undergoing an aortic aneurysm repair workup. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that the pre-operative assessment of patients being considered for aortic aneurysm repair can safely include lung function testing. We suggest collating data from other vascular surgical units to confirm our observations and thus inform future guideline development.
Incomplete Arousal Processes in Infants Who Were Victims of Sudden Death
Authors: Ineko Kato, Patricia Franco, Jose Groswasser, Sonia Scaillet, Igor Kelmanson, Hajime Togari, Andre Kahn
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Infants who became victims of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) aroused less from sleep than control infants. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of arousal from sleep of infants who eventually died of SIDS. Sixteen infants were monitored some days or weeks before they died of SIDS. Their polygraphic sleep recordings were compared with those of matched control infants. Arousals were scored as subcortical activation (incomplete arousals) or cortical arousal (complete arousals). Cortical arousals were significantly less frequent in the victims who would succumb to SIDS in the future than in the control infants during both REM and non-REM sleep (p = 0.039). The frequency (p = 0.017) and duration (p = 0.005) of subcortical activation were significantly greater in the infants who died of SIDS than in the control infants during REM sleep. Compared with the control infants, the infants who later died of SIDS had more frequent subcortical activation in the first part of the night, between 9:00 P.M. and 12:00 A.M. (p = 0.038), and fewer cortical arousals during the latter part of the night, between 3:00 and 6:00 A.M. (p = 0.011). The present data are suggestive of incomplete arousal processes in infants who eventually died at a time they were presumed to have been asleep.
Image Guided Biodistribution of Drugs and Drug Delivery
Authors: Hong Ding, Fang Wu
Journal: Theranostics (2012)

Image guided technique is playing an increasingly important role in the investigation of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of drugs or drug delivery systems.The application of these new materials and techniques with combined properties of diagnosis and therapy can benefit the development of targeted drug delivery system and modern personalized medicine This special issue provides an up-to-date collection of original research articles and review on the development of novel targeted drug and drug delivery systems combining with non-invasive image guided techniques for chemotherapeutic reagents or DNA delivery.
Can the time from synthesis design to validated chemistry be shortened?
Authors: Daniel R. Pilipauskas
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (1999)

The traditional way of identifying a potential new drug is to synthesize and test one candidate at a time. Design and optimization of reaction and workup conditions for each new molecule are accomplished through experimentation varying one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT). While this approach of drug discovery has been extremely successful, market pressure to discover and bring new therapies to the customer in half the time is forcing pharmaceutical organizations to look for new ways to find active compounds and optimize series leads. Companies are now using combinatorial chemistry to rapidly synthesize and screen hundreds to thousands of compounds to identify lead candidates and synthesizing hundreds more variations of the lead structure to optimize activity. What has not changed is the need for reliable chemical transformations that will perform for a wide range of compounds. Considerable time is still being expended designing and validating these transformations before the parallel syntheses can begin. The challenge still being faced is reducing the time between synthesis design and validated chemistry. The goal of validated chemistry is achieved when sufficient experimental information is obtained to permit the identification of reaction conditions or variables that have significant influence on yield and purity of the chemical transformation. Reaching this level of understanding may be shortened considerably by using experiment designs that can take advantage of the parallel experimentation capabilities that the combinatorial chemistry field has supplied. Experiment designs that are more suitable for parallel experimentation and provide more information than OVAT experiments are the factorial designs. These designs involve the variation of all of the studied variables in a systematic manner. The outcome of these experiments are quantitative estimates of the influence of each variable, the identification of variable interactions (synergy), the estimation of experimental noise (error estimates), and polynomial models that can be used to optimize the chemical transformation. Because of the structure of these experiment designs, additional experiments run in the future can be added to the original design to extract additional information from the combined set. This last feature removes the need to commit to a large number of runs before sufficient knowledge about the chemistry is known. A recent example from the combinatorial chemistry literature is used to illustrate the features of factorial and fractional factorial designs, and to demonstrate the benefits of using these types of experiments. Graphical analysis of the data is used to illustrate that a formal training in statistics is not needed to take advantage of these designs. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 19, No. 5, 463–474, 1999.
The Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Rexford Kennamer, Myron Prinzmetal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

SINCE the last Medical Progress report on cardiac arrhythmias appeared in this Journal1 knowledge concerning these conditions has increased at least as much as during any comparable period in the past. Clinically, new syndromes have been observed, new etiologic factors established, and new therapeutic methods introduced. Interest in the clinical arrhythmias has been intensified by the realization that certain disorders formerly believed irreversible can now be cured. Paralleling and contributing to these clinical advances, significant progress has been made in the field of animal experimentation. The availability of new investigative methods has facilitated experimental study of the mechanisms underlying arrhythmias . . .
Chronic Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Henry Wireman Cook
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY GUIDED CORONARY INTERVENTION IS USEFUL TO DECIDE THE STRATEGY FOR IN-STENT RESTENOSIS LESIONS AFTER DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Hiroyuki Nagai, Atsunori Okamura, Shimpei Nakatani, Katsuomi Iwakura, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Aging and Caring
Authors: Ralph Ten-Have
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  I was interested in Aging and Caring by Paul E. Ruskin, MD. 1 He made an interesting point in his anecdotal comparison of a 6-month-old infant and a demented senior citizen. I disagree only with his statement that an  patient is just as lovable as a child. That is the simple point. It seems to be a simple fact of life and death that being lovable and having a meaningful relationship with others and the world are important to people. Why is the infant very likely at home and the aged person in a nursing home?
P-glycoprotein inhibition using valspodar (PSC-833) does not improve outcomes for patients younger than age 60 years with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 19808
Authors: Jonathan E. Kolitz, Stephen L. George, Guido Marcucci, Ravi Vij, Bayard L. Powell, Steven L. Allen, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Thomas C. Shea, Wendy Stock, Maria R. Baer, Vera Hars, Kati Maharry, Eva Hoke, James W. Vardiman, Clara D. Bloomfield, Richard A. Larson
Journal: Blood (2010)
CLINICAL OUTCOMES AMONG PATIENTS WITH LOW FLOW, LOW GRADIENT, SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS WITH EITHER PRESERVED OR REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: AN INVASIVE HEMODYNAMIC STUDY
Authors: Crochan John O'Sullivan, Stefan Stortecky, Dik Heg, Thomas Pilgrim, Thomas Zanchin, Nicola Hosek, Steffen Gloekler, Bernhard Meier, Stephan Windecker, Peter Wenaweser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Exhibition: Cultures of Creativity
Authors: B. Hojer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

What makes people creative? Why do some people's levels of creativity enable them to make discoveries that can change the course of world events and influence the lives of millions? This exhibition, a multimedia installation set up to mark the 100th anniversary of the Nobel prize, seeks to examine the nature of the creative process and to find out what leads some people to do extraordinary things.

   ![][1] 

Glittering prizes: the Nobel centennial exhibition celebrates people who have changed history

From the ceiling of the exhibition hall hang banners representing the more than 700 Nobel laureates to date, circulating in an endless parade on a revolving track. They show a name, a portrait, and the year and subject of the prize. What is …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Leukodepleted‐ABO‐identical blood components in the treatment of hematologic malignancies: A cost analysis
Authors: Neil Blumberg, Joanna M. Heal, Scott A. Kirkley, John F. Diperslo, Aaron P. Rapoport, Jacob M. Rowe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract To assess the effect of ABO‐identical, filtration leukodepleted transfusions on resource consumption and costs of care we performed a cohort study in consecutive adult patients admitted for induction therapy of acute myeloid or lymphoid leukemia during 1985–92 (n = 120) and consecutive adult patients admitted for autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's or non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma during 1989–1991 in our university hospital. Patients with acute leukemia received either ABO unmatched, unfiltered transfusions (1985–89), ABO identical, unfiltered transfusions (1987–90), or ABO identical, filtered transfusions (1990–92). Patients with lymphoma received either ABO unmatched, unfiltered transfusions (1989–90) or ABO identical, filtered transfusions (1990–91). Mean platelet transfusion requirements per patient decreased with ABO identical platelets and filtered transfusions: from 143 to 71 units in the transplant setting; from 146 to 83 in acute leukemia ( P &lt; 0.05). Mean hospital ancillary service charges in 1992 dollars decreased with ABO identical platelets and filtered transfusions approximately $14,000 per patient for acute leukemia and $26,000 for for lymphoma. Per patient actual costs for filters ($643 in transplantation for lymphoma and $875 in leukemia) were offset by savings in actual blood component purchase costs alone ($4,127 in lymphoma and $3,283 in leukemia). In our setting introduction of ABO identical platelets and filtration leukodepletion were implemented with substantial decreases in costs. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Justice Between Age Groups: An Objection to the Prudential Lifespan Approach
Authors: Nancy S. Jecker
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Societal aging raises challenging ethical questions regarding the just distribution of health care between young and old. This article considers a proposal for age-based rationing of health care, which is based on the prudential life span account of justice between age groups. While important objections have been raised against the prudential life span account, it continues to dominate scholarly debates. This article introduces a new objection, one that develops out of the well-established disability critique of social contract theories. I show the implications of this critique for the prudential life span account and for the special case of age-group justice. The result is that age-based rationing based on the prudential life span approach is not supported, and that the prudential life span approach itself is not the best way to think about allocating health care between age groups. I propose an alternative approach that avoids the disability objection, and consider its implications for specific proposals for age-based rationing of health care.
MODE OF ACTION OF STREPTOMYCIN ON TYPE b HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE
Authors: Hattie E. Alexander, Grace Leidy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

In all of ten strains of H. influenzae examined prior to exposure to streptomycin a very small fraction of the bacteria formed colonies in the presence of 1,000 units of streptomycin per cc. These variant organisms possess the characteristics of bacterial mutants. 1. Different independent cultures of the same strain on different occasions, and even cultures seeded in a single test with the same inoculum, show marked variation in prevalence of resistant variants in populations of comparable size. This variation is just as great in genetically homogeneous culture sources as in heterogeneous sources. Evidence is presented for the continuous random occurrence of these resistant organisms. 2. The rate of occurrence of the resistant members is not significantly different for the ten strains studied; it varies from 2.6 x 10(-11) to 7.0 x 10(-11) per bacterium per bacterial generation. The results of five different tests on the same strain show comparable variation, 2.9 x 10(-11) to 5.3 x 10(-11). This low rate contributes evidence consistent with the mutation hypothesis. 3. Variants exhibiting resistance to 1,000 units of streptomycin per cc. transmit this trait unchanged in degree through many generations. The results obtained after twelve or more subcultures in streptomycin-free media suggest that in a portion of the colonies resistant to streptomycin an additional trait, differing from those exhibited by the parent culture, is associated; the nutritional requirements of these cultures are different.
Fracture and entrapment of a snare as a complication of colonoscopic polypectomy
Authors: A. Pezzoli, V. Cifalà, L. Simone, N. Fusetti, D. Cantarini, A. Zelante, S. Gullini
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Colonoscopy is associated with a small but definite risk of complications, and the complication rate ranges from 0.4 % to 10 % for therapeutic procedures [1] [2]. The most common complications are bleeding and perforation. We report here an unusual complication of colonoscopy with polypectomy.
Acute Renal Failure Secondary to Amoxapine Overdose
Authors: Andres J. Pumariega
Journal: JAMA (1982)

AMOXAPINE is a new antidepressant approved for marketing in the United States just over a year ago. It is structurally similar to both loxapine succinate and imipramine hydrochloride, and its mechanism of action is through blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine primarily and serotonin secondarily as well as having a dopamine-receptor blocking effect. It has become one of the most popular antidepressants in use today, largely because of its low incidence of side effects and toxic reactions and its possible earlier onset of action.1-5Our recent experience with a patient who ingested excessive amounts of this drug has alerted us to a yet unreported and potentially lethal complication of amoxapine overdose.  Report of a Case  A 17-year-old girl was transferred to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn, from an outlying hospital after ingesting at least 4 g of amoxapine (approximately 60 mg/kg) in an impulsive suicide gesture. She had been
Status of an Eclectic.
Authors: J. F. Baldwin
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Columbus, Ohio, July 14, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> I hope you will answer with care the question of Dr. Q. C. Smith, on page 86 of yourJournal. Three Eclectics have just formally applied for membership in our local society—our Society being auxiliary to theAmerican Medical Association—and some of our members are in a quandary. Two of these applicants are members of a local, eclectic medical society, and one is President of the State Eclectic Medical Society, and I understand they wish to retain membership therein. The three are all excellent gentlemen, without a personal enemy in the Society, but they are graduates of the<i>Eclectic Medical Institute</i>of Cincinnati, and some of our members hold them not eligible under the Code. They have never, by card, sign or otherwise, announced themselves other than simple "physicians," and furthermore, consultation is never refused them by their "regular" brethren. Indeed,