tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5200: Effect of cancer-associated fibroblast on the progression of gastric cancer stem cells
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Masakazu Yashiro, Junko Matsuoka, Shinichiro Kashiwagi, Yuhiko Fuyuhiro, Katsunobu Sakurai, Katsunobu Sakurai, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Nobuya Yamada, Nobuya Yamada, Kiyoshi Maeda, Masaichi Ohira, Tetsuro Ishikawa, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to possess the ability to initiate tumor growth and sustain self-renewal, which explains the tumorigenicity and the maintenance of bulk. There is an increasing evidence of the importance of the host microenvironment in conditioning the CSCs status, such as the stemness and the tumor initiation. Recently, cancer-associated fibroblasts in the cancer microenvironment have been suggested to be associated with the tumor progression. Then, the aim of this study is to clarify the relation between CSCs and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Material and Methods: A gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-12, and cancer-associated gastric fibroblasts, CaF-37, were used. Side population (SP) cells, known as CSCs rich population, were isolated from OCUM-12 cells by flowcytometry using Hoechst 33342, and were named as OCUM-12/SP. OCUM-12/SP cells or OCUM-12 cells were cultured with or without CaF-37 fibroblasts. The percentage of SP cells was evaluated by flowcytometry, and the growth of cancer cells was examined by cell number count. In vivo tumorigenicity of OCUM-12/SP cells was evaluated by subcutaneous inoculation in the presence or absence of CaF-37 fibroblasts. Results: The percentage of SP fraction of OCUM-12/SP cells was increased in the presence of CaF-37 fibroblasts. In contrast, CaF-37 fibroblasts significantly decreased the proliferation of OCUM-12/SP cells, while that of OCUM-12 cells was significantly increased by CaF-37 cells. The inoculation of 3×105, 1×105, and 3×104 OCUM-12/SP cells with 1×106 CaF-37 fibroblasts resulted in tumor formation in 5 (100%) of 5 mice, 4 (80%) of mice, 5 (100%) of 5 mice, respectively. However, the inoculation of 3×105, 1×105, and 3×104 OCUM-12/SP cells alone results in poor tumor formation at 3 (60%) of 5 mice, 0 (0%) of 5 mice, and 0 (0%) of 5 mice, respectively.Conclusion: Cancer-associated fibroblast might sustain the CSCs phenotype of stemness, and might increase the tumor initiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5200. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5200
Effect of Age and Cigarette Smoking on Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels
Authors: John C. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were determined by the Hansen-Z-gel technique in 276 healthy volunteers, of whom 154 were smokers and 122 nonsmokers. The mean CEA level was significantly higher in smokers (2.7 ng/ml) than in nonsmokers (1.9 ng/ml) ( P  P   ( JAMA 235:1975-1979, 1976)
Atherogenic lipoprotein subfraction profile in preeclamptic women with and without high triglycerides: different pathophysiologic subsets in preeclampsia
Authors: Elisa Llurba, Elena Casals, Carmen Domínguez, Julián Delgado, Inmaculada Mercadé, Fátima Crispi, Pilar Martín-Gallán, Lluis Cabero, Eduard Gratacós
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Effects of genetic hypertension and nutritional anaemia on ventricular remodelling and myocardial damage in rats
Authors: G. Olivetti, F. Quaini, C. Lagrasta, R. Ricci, P. Tosini, J. M Capasso, P. Anversa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

In order to determine whether alterations in cardiac function and structure occur early in life in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and whether the addition of a volume load would affect myocardial growth and haemodynamic performance, SHR were exposed to an iron and copper deficient diet for 12 weeks (SHR-A) and compared with untreated SHR and Wistar Kyoto controls (WKY).Systolic arterial blood pressure increased in SHR, whereas nutritional anaemia prevented the rise of blood pressure in SHR-A. The diet employed provoked a severe hypochromic microcytic anaemia with a marked reduction in blood viscosity and increased volume load on the heart in SHR-A. Genetically determined hypertension alone induced a 16% increase in left ventricular weight and an increase in left ventricular peak systolic pressure (LVPSP) and +dP/dt. The superimposition of anaemia resulted in a 43% expansion in left ventricular weight with a decrease in LVPSP and +dP/dt, and an increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressure. Wall thickening and a preservation of chamber volume occurred in SHR, while SHR-A had a degree of ventricular dilatation which exceeded the extent of wall thickening. However, genetic hypertension was accompanied by myocardial tissue injury which was fully prevented by the addition of nutritional anaemia. Moreover, the capillary volume was decreased in SHR and increased in SHR-A.Genetically determined hypertension in combination with anaemia results in eccentric ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction in spite of an increase in capillary luminal volume and limited structural damage.
Effect of ambient levels of smoke and sulphur dioxide on the health of a national sample of 23 year old subjects in 1981.
Authors: J F Scarlett, J M Griffiths, D P Strachan, H R Anderson
Journal: Thorax (1995)

There is concern that, despite the fall in air pollution levels since the 1950s, there may still be adverse effects at current levels. A study was carried out to investigate the association between air pollution and respiratory symptoms in 23 year old subjects in 1981.Data on cough, phlegm, and wheeze were available on 11,552 members of the 1958 national birth cohort. Counties in the UK were ranked by annual average level of black smoke and sulphur dioxide (SO2), and then divided into five groups. The subject's county of residence determined their categorisation of pollution exposure. The association between air pollution exposure and respiratory symptoms was examined by logistic regression, adjusting for social class, sex, and smoking.The ranges of the air pollution groups were 2.0-13.0, 13.1-18.7, 19.6-20.8, 21.0-25.8, and 26.1-55.1 micrograms/m3 for black smoke, and 7.0-36.4, 36.7-42.7, 43.0-50.5, 52.0-59.3, and 60.9-87.7 micrograms/m3 for SO2. The overall prevalences of cough, phlegm, wheezing since age 16, and wheezing in the past year were 13.3%, 10.3%, 9.4%, and 4.4%, respectively. Phlegm symptoms increased with increasing smoke levels with evidence of a plateau. Cough and wheeze were not associated with black smoke; no symptom was associated with SO2. In the subgroup with wheeze at ages 16-23 there was no effect of smoke level on phlegm.Low ambient levels of black smoke were associated with decreased prevalence of phlegm symptoms in young adults in the UK in 1981. The effect was evident below the current EC guideline of 34-51 micrograms/m3 annual black smoke. In 1991 the annual mean smoke level for each county ranged from 3.4 to 26.5 micrograms/m3, spanning all but the last exposure group used here. This is consistent with the existence of adverse and possibly chronic effects at current levels.
Gangrene of a Fingertip From a Mitten Thread
Authors: Doyle R. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Ischemic injuries of the fingertips have been reported after cold exposure and trauma. This is a case report of a loss of a fingertip, secondary to a loose thread in a mitten. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A previously healthy 3-week-old boy was seen at the orthopedic clinic with a three-day history of gangrenous changes to the tip of his right index finger. The grandmother stated that she had a mitten on the hand to protect the child from scratching himself. A loose thread had apparently become wrapped around the affected digit, and a necrotic finger distal to the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) of the right index finger was seen (Figure). Slight cellulitis was noted proximally on the digit. The patient began receiving orally administered dicloxacillin and was seen 48 hours later. As no resolution of the cellulitis was noted, debridement of the distal phalanx was thought to
Cord Blood DNA Methylation of Treg Cytokine Genes Differs with Parity
Authors: Orpita Nilormee, Gabrielle A. Lockett, Sabrina Iqbal, John W. Holloway, Syed H. Arshad, Wilfried Karmaus
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)

Women undergo immunological changes during pregnancy including changes in the balance of TH1/TH2 cytokines. To investigate whether these changes can influence DNA-Methylation (DNA-M) in cord blood of consecutive births, we analyzed cord blood DNA-M of genes in the TH1, TH2, TH17 and Treg pathways of two consecutive deliveries. In the Isle of Wight birth cohort, umbilical cord blood samples were collected from offspring of cohort participants to measure DNA-M using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 beadchip. Cord blood DNA-M was available for two consecutive pregnancies in seven mothers. Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites in TH1 (157 CpGs, 19 genes), TH2 (68 CpGs, 12 genes), TH17 (110 CpGs, 15 genes), Treg (10 CpGs, 2 genes) and in a random sample (271 CpGs) were considered. To identify CpGs with significant changes (p≤0.05), mixed linear models were applied to compare cord blood DNA-M of two consecutive pregnancies. In the last of two pregnancies, cord blood DNA-M showed significantly more CpGs of the two Treg genes (60%) with significant differences compared to CpGs of a random sample (32.47%) (p=0.02). Among the six differentially methylated CpGs, three each were from FOXP3 and CTLA4, respectively. In cord blood, significant methylation differences in Treg genes between consecutive pregnancies suggest an adaptation in the course of two pregnancies. Future studies need to investigate whether these epigenetic changes are responsible for differential immune responses in offspring with different birth order.
US agency wants to limit lawsuits against drug manufacturers
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The US Food and Drug Administration has issued a policy statement that will make it harder for people to sue drug manufacturers. The statement, supporting an arrangement known as “pre-emption,” was inserted into the agency's new guidelines on drug labelling. It asserts that complying with the FDA's labelling requirements should preempt or supersede individual states' liability statutes.

The new statement means that, in the FDA's opinion, as long as a drug company complies with federal labelling laws, the company should not be found in violation of statutes on “failure to warn.” The statement does not have the force of law but may be considered by the courts.

The statement sparked an angry reaction from Edward Kennedy, the Democrat senator for Massachusetts. “It's a typical abuse by the Bush administration: take a regulation to improve the information that doctors and patients receive about prescription drugs and turn it into …
Re: Christopher R. Chapple, Francesco Montorsi, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, et al. Silodosin Therapy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men with Suspected Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Results of an International, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled Clinical Trial Performed in Europe. Eur Urol 2011;59:342–52
Authors: Stephen Shei-Dei Yang, Shang-Jen Chang
Journal: European Urology (2011)
A rapid and efficient single-cell manipulation method for screening antigen-specific antibody–secreting cells from human peripheral blood
Authors: Aishun Jin, Tatsuhiko Ozawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Tsutomu Obata, Sachiko Kondo, Koshi Kinoshita, Shinichi Kadowaki, Kazuo Takahashi, Toshiro Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Kishi, Atsushi Muraguchi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
Live attenuated varicella vaccine. Efficacy for children with leukemia in remission
Authors: A. A. Gershon
Journal: JAMA (1984)

One hundred ninety-one varicella-susceptible children with leukemia in remission were immunized with live attenuated varicella vaccine. There was serological evidence of an immune response in approximately 80% after one dose and in more than 90% after two doses. The major side effect was mild to moderate rash, seen especially in children with maintenance chemotherapy suspended for one week before and one week after vaccination. Children with rash had higher antibody titers than those without rash, but those with rash were also at risk (10%) to transmit vaccine virus to others. Twenty-two vaccinees subsequently had household exposures to varicella or zoster. The attack rate of clinical varicella in these vaccinees was 18%, significantly lower than the attack rate of approximately 90% in varicella-susceptible persons with household exposures. All cases of clinical illness were extremely mild, with an average of about 50 vesicles. The mild character of the illness was clearly different than varicella in unimmunized children receiving chemotherapy for leukemia. Varicella vaccine was approximately 80% effective in preventing clinical varicella in children with leukemia and completely effective in preventing severe varicella in this high-risk group.
Local or transcortical assemblies? Some evidence from cognitive neuroscience
Authors: Friedemann Pulvermüller, Hubert Preissl
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Amit defines cell assemblies as local cortical neuron populations with strong internal connections. However, Hebb himself proposed that cell assemblies are distributed over different cortical areas (nonlocal or transcortical assemblies ). We review evidence from cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology supporting the assumption that cell assemblies are transcortical.
Relationship Between Platelet Indices and International Normalized Ratio In Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Osman Ziya Arık, Buğra Özkan, Rasim Kutlu, Hüseyin Karal, Mehmet Erdem Memetoğlu, Durmuş Yıldıray Şahin, Kamuran Tekin, Onur Kaypaklı, Haci Ali Uçak, Murat Çaylı
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Serendipitous Finding of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney on Bone and Gallium Imaging
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, MORAKINYOA OYEWOLE TONEY, JAMES C. GRIFFITH, ANA A. RODRIGUEZ, GOTTLIEB L TURNBULL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A 50-year-old woman presented with low back pain. Bone scintigraphy showed a focus of increased activity in the upper pole of the left kidney. Subsequent Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy demonstrated this same abnormal focus as a region of increased activity. Ultrasonography showed a renal mass in the upper pole of the left kidney. At surgery a transitional cell carcinoma of the upper pole of the left kidney was found.
1084 PIN1 FACILITATES NF-κB ACTIVATION AND PROMOTES TUMOR PROGRESSION IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: USEFULNESS OF Pin1 AS A PROGNOSTIC PREDICTOR AND THERAPEUTIC TARGET
Authors: K. Shinoda, S. Kuboki, H. Shimizu, S. Maeda, H. Yoshidome, M. Ohtsuka, A. Kato, H. Yoshitomi, K. Furukawa, D. Takeuchi, T. Takayashiki, D. Okamura, D. Suzuki, M. Nakajima, T. Aida, M. Miyazaki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
An Epidemiological Survey
Authors: G.P.B. WHITWELL, IAN SUTHERLAND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1950)

Journal Article An Epidemiological Survey Get access G.P.B. WHITWELL, M.D.Lond., G.P.B. WHITWELL, M.D.Lond. Institute of Social Medicine, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IAN SUTHERLAND, M.A. Camb., D. Ph. IAN SUTHERLAND, M.A. Camb., D. Ph. Institute of Social Medicine, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 62, Issue 3, 1 March 1950, Pages 109–113, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1950.tb10963.x Published: 01 March 1950
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE IDENTIFICATION OF MELANIN IN COMEDONES
Authors: D. T. GOODHEAD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— Comedones show an electron spin resonance spectrum characteristic of horny keratinous tissue in general. Those from dark-skinned donors show the presence of an additional signal compatible with melanin. The ratio of the concentration of melanin unpaired spins in the comedones of the donors to that in an equal mass of hair of the same donor is between 3%, and 6%, according to these E. S. R. spectra. No melanin signal could be detected in comedones from fair-haired fair-skinned donors, probably because of its low concentration.
Parasympathetic contribution to bradycardia induced by endurance training in man
Authors: BENEDITO C MACIEL, LOURENÇO GALLO, JOSÉ A MARIN NETO, EUCLYDES C LIMA FILHO, JOĀO TERRA FILHO, JOSÉ C MANÇO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Seven normal subjects of sedentary habits were submitted to a 10 week period of endurance physical training on a cycloergometer. The training programme produced a mean 15.6 ± 1.4% (± SE) increase in O2max (from 39.7 ± 2.0 ml·kg−1·min−1 to 45.9 ± 2.4 ml·kg−1·min−1) and a reduction in resting heart rate (HR) from 69 ± 1.9 to 58 ± 1.7 beats·min−1 in the supine position. After pharmacological blockade of the parasympathetic system with atropine sulphate, HR rose on average by 53 ± 3.9 beats·min−1 before training and 47 ± 3.6 beats·min−1 after training, the difference being statistically nonsignificant. The magnitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was similar before and after the period of physical conditioning. The respiratory variation in HR(ΔHR) at the 1 litre tidal volume was 20 ± 2.4 beats·min−1 and 20 ± 2.6 beats·min−1 before and after training, respectively. At the 2 litre tidal volume, these values were 25 ± 3.2 and 27 ± 4.5 beats·min−1. Similar results were obtained with the RSA test when a group of 13 sedentary individuals (O2max = 39.4 ± 1.3 ml·kg−1·min−1) was compared with a group of 7 athletes who are medium distance runners (O2max = 53.8 ± 1.3 ml·kg−1·min−1). Although it is possible that the RSA value does not necessarily reflect changes in parasympathetic tonus, the present results clearly show that increased endurance capacity is not accompanied by increased RSA values. In addition, the HR response to pharmacological blockade did not suggest any parasympathetic participation in bradycardia induced by physical training.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors: Nuclear Control of Metabolism*
Authors: Béatrice Desvergne, Walter Wahli
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1999)

I. Introduction II. Molecular Aspects A. PPAR isotypes: identity, genomic organization and chromosomal localization B. DNA binding properties C. PPAR ligand-binding properties D. Alternative pathways for PPAR activation E. PPAR-mediated transactivation properties III. Physiological Aspects A. Differential expression of PPAR mRNAs B. PPAR target genes and functions in fatty acid metabolism C. PPARs and control of inflammatory responses D. PPARs and atherosclerosis E. PPARs and the development of the fetal epidermal permeability barrier F. PPARs, carcinogenesis, and control of the cell cycle IV. Conclusions
The International Depression Epidemiological Study (TIDES): unfinished business?
Authors: A Kevin Webb, Mandy Bryon
Journal: Thorax (2014)

The remarkable improvement in survival for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the great success stories of modern clinical medicine. Over a period of three decades, a disease associated with childhood dying (as parents of CF children were informed) has become one of adulthood survival into the fifth and sixth decades of life. CF is the most complex of diseases. It remains (despite recent advances) a chronic multisystem incurable disease in a survivor population who are beginning to lead normal working and domestic lives. This improved survival is a direct result of holistic care delivered by multidisciplinary teams (MDT) based in paediatric and adult CF centres.1 The establishment of CF centres around the world has enabled large evidence-based clinical trials, patient registries, best practice guidelines and thereby patient-centred care.

Although CF patients appear to cope remarkably well with a disease which places a huge burden of care on an often busy working and social life, it is not surprising as detailed in several small series that CF patients suffer to varying degrees from heightened anxiety and depression.2–4 There is a non-negotiable requirement of CF adults and children to provide lifelong self-care to maintain disease stability and to make the most of a normal quality of life. Perceived poor quality of life can result in a despondency with treatment and poor adherence to the daily regimen leads quickly to deterioration of health.5 ,6 Lifelong medical conditions are not managed by medicine alone, there is a psychological cost and this paper is commended for having elevated the issue of potential psychological impairment in CF. The provision of expert psychosocial care is an essential …
Current issues in the epidemiology and toxicology of occupational exposure to lead.
Authors: P J Landrigan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Occupational exposure to lead is widespread in the United States. Clinically evident lead poisoning as well as subclinical toxicity occur in populations with occupational lead exposure. The focus of current research on lead toxicity in industrial populations is in the definition of dose-response relationships, particularly at low levels of exposure. Major interest surrounds the development of biochemical and physiologic markers of subclinical toxicity. Need exists to better delineate the toxicity of lead on the peripheral and central nervous system, the kidneys, the cardiovascular system, and the reproductive organs using newly developed markers. To obtain more accurate information on cumulative individual exposure to lead, future research on lead toxicity will increasingly use X-ray fluorescence analysis for determination of the lead content in home.
Frusemide for cardiac failure in infancy.
Authors: D. Pickering
Journal: BMJ (1969)

BRnAIconcentrations.In our experience patients receiving 100 mega units of penicillin daily in 1.5 litres of infusion have daily urine volumes of about 2 'litres.It may be that other alterations in renal function, as mentioned by Brunner and Frick, contributed to hypokal- aemia in their patients.Having tried a number of methods we now use a continuous infusion with three half- litres of 0.18% saline, to which is added peni- cillin G in quantities of 30, 40, 30 mega units, dividing each ration approximately equally between the sodium and potassium salt.This gives an infusion solution of approxi- mately 280 mOs/litre.We have no difficulty in obtaining potassium penicillin, and indeed alterations to the plasma sodium and potas- sium levels can be induced by varying the amount of the appropriate penicillin salt.Using this method, we have treated patients for up to three months with daily infusions of 100 mega units of penicillin without electrolyte imbalance, neurotoxicity, marked changes in serum osmolality, or indeed haemoilysis.2" Massive " intravenous peni- cillin therapy is useful and safe, provided it is realized that as well as a large dose of penicillin the patient will be receiving a load of water, electrolyte, and possibly other solute such as glucose.-Weare, etc.,
POTENTIATION OF CUTANEOUS REACTIVITY AND BLOOD LEUCOCYTE HISTAMINE RELEASE BY DEUTERIUM OXIDE IN HUMAN BEINGS
Authors: D. VERVLOET, P. VELLIEUX, J. CHARPIN
Journal: Allergy (1976)

Deuterium oxide (D2O) is known to potentiate non-cytotoxic histamine release in vitro. It has been shown (5) that D2O could also potentiate in vivo immediate-type hypersensitivity in dogs and monkeys. Present studies demonstrate potentiation in vivo by D2O of the cutaneous reactivity in 48/80, PHA and Dermatophagoides cutaneous reactions in human beings. PHA histamine release from human leucocytes is also potentiated by D2O in vitro.