tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
568 DIFFERENT SEROLOGICAL, MOLECULAR AND CYTOKINE PROFILES CHARACTERIZE ACTIVE AND INACTIVE DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) INFECTION
Authors: A. Marrone, R. Zampino, B. Trani, R. Marino, B. Guerrera, G. Cirillo, M. Cafaro, N. Coppola, R. Pisapia, L. Rinaldi, A. Merola, R. Utili, L.E. Adinolfi, G. Ruggiero
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Presence of asthma risk factors and environmental exposures related to upper respiratory infection-triggered wheezing in middle school-age children.
Authors: Mark Sotir, Karin Yeatts, Carl Shy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Viral respiratory infections and exposure to environmental constituents such as tobacco smoke are known or suspected to trigger wheezing/asthma exacerbations in children. However, few population-based data exist that examine the relationship between wheezing triggered by viral respiratory infections and environmental exposures. In this investigation we used population-based data to evaluate differences in exposures between symptomatic middle school-age children who did and did not report wheezing triggered by viral respiratory infections. As part of the North Carolina School Asthma Survey (NCSAS), a 66-question data instrument was used to collect information from children enrolled in North Carolina public middle schools during the 1999-2000 school year. Associations between exposures and upper respiratory infection-triggered wheezing (URI-TW) among symptomatic children were examined using adjusted prevalence odds ratios (PORs). Video methods developed for the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood were used to assess wheezing. Among the 33,534 NCSAS symptomatic participants, positive associations were observed between most exposures and URI-TW. Reported presence of all allergy variables (PORs ranging from 2.11 to 2.45) was more strongly associated with URI-TW than either smoking or other exposures. Presence of URI-TW was higher at increasing levels of tobacco smoke exposure, but no apparent dose-response effect was observed for other indoor air pollutants. URI-TW in middle school children is most associated with reported allergen sensitivity, relative to other asthma risk factors and environmental exposures. Data from this investigation may be useful in developing assessment, screening, and targeting strategies to improve asthma and wheezing management in children.
Decrease in Burden of Disease, as Measured on a Simple Visual Analog Scale, Correlates Significantly with Improvements in Total Symptom Score and Quality of Life in Desloratadine-treated Subjects with Intermittent Allergic Rhinitis: Results of the ACCEPT1 Study
Authors: J. Bousquet, A. Cheema, T. Zuberbier, P. van Cauwenberge
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Mechanism of action of adrenergic receptor blocking agents in angina pectoris: Comparison of action of propranolol with dexpropranolol and practolol
Authors: A. G. Wilson, O. G. Brooke, H. J. Lloyd, B. F. Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The effect on exercise tolerance of racemic propranolol has been assessed in eight angina pectoris patients and compared with that of dexpropranolol (the dextro isomer of propranolol), practolol (I.C.I. 50172), and saline. Dexpropranolol has the same local anaesthetic action as propranolol with negligible β-adrenergic receptor blocking activity, while practolol is a cardio-selective β-adrenergic blocking agent which does not have local anaesthetic activity. Saline and dexpropranolol had no significant effect on exercise time; racemic propranolol and practolol improved exercise tolerance in six subjects, the response to the two drugs being very similar in individual patients. It was concluded that the beneficial effect of propranolol in angina pectoris results from its action as a β-adrenergic receptor blocking agent and is not due to its local anaesthetic, or quinidine-like, activity.
Effect of 1 Week of Sleep Restriction on Testosterone Levels in Young Healthy Men
Authors: Rachel Leproult
Journal: JAMA (2011)

To the Editor: Chronic sleep curtailment is endemic in modern societies. The majority of the daily testosterone release in men occurs during sleep.1 Sleep fragmentation and obstructive sleep apnea are associated with reduced testosterone levels.2 In older men, morning testosterone levels are partly predicted by total sleep time.3 Testosterone is critical in male sexual behavior and reproduction, but also has important beneficial effects on muscle mass and strength, adiposity, bone density, and vigor and well-being.4 We investigated the effect of 1 week of sleep restriction on testosterone levels in young healthy men.
Book Review Controversies in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer (Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology. Vol. 41.) Edited by Lutz Moser, Martin Schostak, Kurt Miller, and Wolfgang Hinkelbein. 130 pp., illustrated. Basel, Switzerland, Karger, 2008. $126. 978-3-8055-8524-8 (cloth); 978-3-8055-8525-5 (e-book).
Authors: Peter C. Albertsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)
Prognostic importance of silent myocardial ischemia detected by intravenous dipyridamole thallium myocardial imaging in asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Liwa T. Younis, Sheila Byers, Leslee Shaw, Grace Barth, Henry Goodgold, Bernard R. Chaitman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)
Avid Uptake of Gallium-67 in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: TADASHI KANOH, TATSUHARU OHNO, HARUTO UCHINO, ITSUO YAMAMOTO, KANJI TORIZUKA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Ga-67 scans were performed at three-month intervals in a 52-year-old man with an extensively aggressive variant of multiple myeloma, characterized by anaplastic tumor cells, less increase in serum levels of monoclonal IgA than might be expected from an extensive growth of extraosseous lesions, fever without evidence of infection, and short survival time. The findings on the Ga-67 study showed a rapid extension of extraosseous lesions during this aggressive phase. Aggressive multiple myeloma should be included in the list of clinical applications of Ga-67 citrate to tumor imaging.
Comparison of Electrocardiographic Criteria in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients with and without Apical Aneurysm
Authors: Enis Grbovic, Ozcan Ozeke, Cagatay Ertan, Gokhan Keskin, Bulent Deveci, Serkan Cay, Firat Ozcan, Serkan Topaloglu, Dursun Aras, Ahmet Duran Demir, Sinan Aydogdu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Once Upon a July (Saved)
Authors: Gigi Nickas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

On Being a Doctor2 July 2013Once Upon a July (Saved)Gigi Nickas, MDGigi Nickas, MDFrom San Luis Hospitalists, San Luis Obispo, California.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-1-201307020-00012 Audio Reading - “Once Upon a July (Saved)” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Once Upon a July (Saved)," by G. Nickas. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Don't get sick in July. This adage stems from fear that patient care at a teaching hospital in July is delivered by brand-new physicians, sometimes with more confidence than competence. Before recent reforms in residency training, this concern was compounded by uneven oversight of attending physicians.Once upon a July, 20 years ago now, I was that newly minted doctor. Through hard work and serendipity, I had gained entrance to a prestigious university medical center that a friend called “the Mecca.” If you were privileged enough to serve there, your worthiness and dedication to your calling were unquestioned.By nature, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gigi Nickas, MDAffiliations: From San Luis Hospitalists, San Luis Obispo, California.Corresponding Author: Gigi Nickas, MD, San Luis Hospitalists, 1428 Phillips Lane, Suite 203, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401; e-mail, [email protected]. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Once Upon a July (Saved)” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Once Upon a July (Saved)," by G. Nickas. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 July 2013Volume 159, Issue 1 Page: 68-69 ePublished: 2 July 2013 Issue Published: 2 July 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
DNA Ploidy Cytometry Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in China – Letter
Authors: David M. Garner, Martial D. Guillaud, Calum E. MacAulay
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

We read the article of Tong et al. (1) with great interest. However, on closer analysis, we found several points that need clarification.Although the authors call this a “randomized controlled trial,” both tests were done on almost all of the study subjects and the data presented in Table 2 is pooled from both arms of the trial. Nowhere, including in the supplementary data, are the results for each separate arm of the trial reported. We believe that it should be possible to check the values for “Crude estimates” in Table 3 for cancer cases from the data presented, but we have not been able to do this. In fact, it is unclear to us how many cancer cases were found in this study.Table 2 reports that DNA gave positive results for ∼6,000 of 21,500 cases, and yet the “crude” specificity reported in Table 3 is <60% rather than >70% as implied by these numbers. This enormous false-positive rate is not commented on, and yet, apparently, the positive predictive value of DNA is higher than that for cytometry, which has half as many false positives. The true positive rate is unclear, but at most is only 100—much less than 6,000.In the abstract, it states that: “The sensitivity of both tests used together was 100%, and the specificity was 91.8%.” We could not find this calculation anywhere in the article itself and think it unusual to report a result only in the abstract. It can be shown that there are only two ways by which test results such as this can be combined: as a logical “or” of positive tests results (that is, the combined test result is positive if either test is positive) or as a logical “and” of test results (that is, the combined test result is positive only if both tests are positive). It can be shown that the “or” will increase sensitivity and decrease specificity whereas the “and” will decrease sensitivity and increase specificity. Yet these authors claim to improve both sensitivity and specificity simultaneously.The “100%” sensitivity obtained by combining the tests is by construction of the experimental design. Pap screening sTudies rarely have an independent and reliable reference diagnosis (for example, biopsy tests on all subjects), but only compare the results of two tests. There is no way to know how many positive cases actually exist in the study population. Such studies only measure a kind of relative sensitivity and specificity that compares one test with the other—absolute sensitivity and specificity is not determined. Because only DNA and cytology were used to discover cancer cases, the logical or of their positive results must be 100% sensitive, by experimental design.Finally, given that the results reported by these authors seem to be pooled from both arms of the trial, we fail to understand what makes this a randomized controlled trial.We respectfully ask for careful clarification of these points.See the Response, p. 3517.D. Garner: consultant, Motic Medical Diagnostic Systems; M. Guilland: consultant/advisory board, Novacyt.
Demonstrable Cardiac Reinnervation After Human Heart Transplantation by Carotid Baroreflex Modulation of RR Interval
Authors: Luciano Bernardi, Beatrice Bianchini, Giammario Spadacini, Stefano Leuzzi, Felice Valle, Eugenia Marchesi, Claudio Passino, Alessandro Calciati, Mario Viganó, Mauro Rinaldi, Luigi Martinelli, Giorgio Finardi, Peter Sleight
Journal: Circulation (1995)

After heart transplantation, respiration-synchronous fluctuations (0.18 to 0.35 Hz, high frequency [HF]) in RR interval may result from atrial stretch caused by changes in venous return, but slower fluctuations (0.03 to 0.15 Hz, low frequency [LF]) not due to respiration suggest reinnervation. In normal subjects, sinusoidal neck suction selectively stimulates carotid baroreceptors and causes reflex oscillations of RR interval.To evaluate the presence of reinnervation, we measured the power of RR-LF and RR-HF in 26 heart transplant recipients and 16 control subjects before and during sinusoidal neck suction at 0.1 Hz and 0.20 Hz (similar to but distinct from that of controlled respiration, 0.25 Hz) and before and during administration of atropine or beta-blocker (esmolol hydrochloride) by spectral analysis. All transplant recipients showed small respiratory HF fluctuations. Nonrespiratory LF fluctuations were present in 13 of 26 transplant recipients and increased with months since transplantation (r = .53, P < .01). HF neck suction induced a 0.20-Hz component in all 16 control subjects and none of the 26 transplant subjects. LF neck suction increased RR-LF (from 0.73 +/- 0.20 to 1.30 +/- 0.26 ln ms2, P < .001), similar to but less than in control subjects (from 6.12 +/- 0.21 to 8.27 +/- 0.21 ln ms2, P < .001). Atropine reduced all fluctuations in control subjects and blocked the HF increase caused by 0.20-Hz neck suction but not the LF increase during 0.10-Hz stimulation. Neck suction-induced changes in LF fluctuations persisted after administration of atropine in transplant recipients but were attenuated by esmolol hydrochloride, suggesting sympathetic rather than vagal reinnervation.The presence of baroreceptor-induced RR oscillations is evidence of functional, although incomplete, autonomic reinnervation.
A case of systemic lupus erythematosus showing acute gangrenous change of fingertips
Authors: S. G. Yang, K. H. Kim, K. C. Park, S. W. Youn, G. Y. Joh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article A case of systemic lupus erythematosus showing acute gangrenous change of fingertips Get access S. G. Yang, S. G. Yang Department of Dermatology. Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yunkun‐Dong Chonro‐Gu, Seoul 110‐744, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. H. Kim, K. H. Kim Department of Dermatology. Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yunkun‐Dong Chonro‐Gu, Seoul 110‐744, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. C. Park, K. C. Park Department of Dermatology. Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yunkun‐Dong Chonro‐Gu, Seoul 110‐744, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. W. Youn, S. W. Youn Department of Dermatology. Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yunkun‐Dong Chonro‐Gu, Seoul 110‐744, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Y. Joh G. Y. Joh Department of Dermatology, Dong‐A Medical College, 1, 3‐ka, dongdaeshine‐dong, Seo‐ku, Pusan 602‐103, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 1, 1 January 1996, Pages 185–187, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07870.x Published: 01 January 1996
Contempo: Instrumented Spinal Fusions
Authors: Craig Derian
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In his review of the current issues in orthopedic surgery, Dr Morrey<sup>1</sup>briefly reviewed issues involving instrumented spinal fusions. Morrey implies that "increasing caution" is being expressed with regard to indications as well as the use of instrumented spinal fusions. Two recent articles<sup>2,3</sup>in<i>Spine</i>indicate the significant value of rigid pedicle screw instrumentation in improving the outcome of spinal fusion procedures. In a prospective, randomized study of lumbar fusions performed with and without instrumentation, Zbeblick<sup>2</sup>indicated that fusion rates and clinical success were significantly higher with rigid instrumentation in 124 highly debilitated patients with spinal stenosis, degenerative disk disease, spondylolisthesis, and degenerative scoliosis. Steffee and Brantigan<sup>3</sup>reported on the prospective study of 250 subjects enrolled in the Food and Drug Administration clinical trials to evaluate a rigid pedicle screw fixation system. The success rates for clinical improvement in all categories of patients
Schwannoma Mimicking a Metastatic Breast Lesion
Authors: RAM V. S. R. CHAVALI, SAID ZUʼBI, JAMES P. POLGA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Nonosseous uptake of bone imaging agents is well known. The authors describe a case of soft tissue uptake by a Schwannoma of sciatic nerve origin that mimicked femoral metastasis, detected on magnetic resonance imaging. This case also illustrates the importance of taking lateral views in solitary lesions of long bones. These additional images, which were not taken, would likely have shown that the soft tissue Tc-99m MDP uptake was separate from the bone.
Assisted suicide and euthanasia in Switzerland: Authors' reply
Authors: S. A Hurst
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—There is indeed concern that legalising assisted death without enhancing palliative services could result in low thresholds for giving up on palliative care.1 This has been central in the decision not to legalise euthanasia in Switzerland. Even with enhanced palliative services, however, the question of assisted death will remain. In the Swiss debate the importance of palliative care is recognised by all. Disagreements hinge on whether assisted suicide can be acceptable when palliative care fails to relieve suffering sufficiently to make life bearable in the patient's eyes, whether safeguards ensure that assisted suicide is used only as a last resort, and whether doctors should participate in it.

Bosshard and Bury's positions illustrate the difficult question of doctors' participation in assisted suicide. Doctors are likely to receive requests for assisted death. However, this does not mean that they must be directly involved in acts that terminate life. Specific ethical clarification and guidance for doctors are indeed needed as to how best to respond to requests for assisted suicide or euthanasia.

Gardner indicts “modern bioethics” as establishing hierarchies of human worth. This is mistaken. Proponents of assisted suicide argue that respecting each of us as legitimate choosers of our own moral values (as long as we do not harm others) requires that patients be allowed to end their own life if they feel that their life is not worth living. This position may be controversial, but it clearly recognises that all human beings have equal worth. Curtis seems to have misunderstood this also.

Gardner points out that the Dutch guidelines do not prevent the occurrence of life terminating acts without the patient's request. This may be a failure if the intended purpose of these guidelines was to give patients more control over their own death. It seems, however, that this is ambiguous, and that this very ambiguity could be problematic.2

Furthermore, without comparative data, the effects of legal frameworks on the frequency of any life terminating acts are unknown. In a survey of European critical care doctors, a higher proportion reported “deliberate administration of medication to speed death” in France and in Belgium, where euthanasia was illegal, than in the Netherlands.3 Further data on end of life practices in Switzerland would be important in understanding the practical implications of its unique legal situation.
Sensitization to Aeroallergens in Brazilian Adolescents Living at Large Urban Centers
Authors: A.C. Pastorino, F.C. Kuschnir, L.C.P. Arruda, R.R.D. Casagrande, R.G.L. Souza, G.A.C. Dias, H.H.N. Silveira, A.J.L.A. Cunha, C.M.A. Jacob, D. Solé
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
The Complications of 'Ecstasy' (MDMA)-Reply
Authors: John Osterloh
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In Reply.  —The data of Verebey et al are useful in interpreting the plasma concentrations of the MDMA measured in the patient we reported. The dose reported by the patient was certainly underestimated. The ratios of MDA/ MDMA concentrations were never more than 0.02. This also suggests an overdose when compared with the ratios in the data of Verebey et al.  The major concern in our letter was to reinforce the warning of Dowling et al 1 that severe consequences have resulted from the use of MDMA. This concern is heightened by (1) a recent report stating that 39% of students at one college campus had tried MDA 2 and (2) the neurotoxic effect of the metabolite MDA cited by Verebey et al.
Low-Fat Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Hans-Olov Adami
Journal: JAMA (2006)

To the Editor: The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) randomized controlled trial of a low-fat dietary pattern by Dr Prentice and colleagues found a reduced risk of invasive breast cancer that did not quite reach statistical significance. An important issue is not whether the results are significant but whether any reduction in risk should be attributed to lower fat intake or to the reduction of body weight observed in the intervention group and generated by lower energy intake in that group. As seen in Table 2 of the article, over a 6-year period the average body weight reduction was more pronounced in the intervention group than in the comparison group by 1.4 kg (the mean value of the differences in weight changes of 2.2, 1.3, and 0.8 kg at years 1, 3, and 6, respectively). Huang et al found that among nonusers of hormone therapy, a weight gain of more than 20 kg compared with stable weight was associated with a relative risk of 1.99 for development of breast cancer over 16 years. A crude calculation would suggest that a weight change of 1 kg may be associated with a change in the relative risk of 0.049 (the excess risk of 0.99 divided by 20); if so, a reduction of body weight by 1.43 kg would be associated with a risk reduction of 7%, similar to the 9% reduction found in the intervention group of the WHI trial. This at least merits consideration in the interpretation of the results of this study. The mechanism linking increased body weight to breast cancer risk invokes increased aromatization of androstenedione to estrone in adipose tissue. Estrogens among postmenopausal women are likely to function as growthenhancing compounds with fairly short latency, comparable with that observed after cessation of hormone therapy ( 1 year). If an effect of fat reduction beyond that mediated by weight reduction were to be proposed on the basis of the results of the trial, body weight reduction would have to be controlled for in the analysis.