tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2492: Targeted quantitation of candidate metabolic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Jun Feng Xiao, Yi Zhao, Rency Varghese, Bin Zhou, Cristina Di Poto, Lihua Zhang, Mahlet G. Tadesse, Dina Hazem Ziada, Kirti Shetty, Habtom W. Ressom
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The aim of this study is to compare metabolite levels in sera of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients versus cirrhotic controls. This is accomplished through targeted quantitative analysis of candidate metabolic biomarkers of HCC by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray ionization-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QLIT MS). The targets were selected from our previous untargeted analysis, where we observed association of HCC to dysregulated levels of bile acids, lysophosphocholines (LPCs), lysophosphoethanolamines (LPEs), sphingophoslipid, long chain carnitines and amino acids. In this study, we performed quantitative analysis of three metabolites (glycodeoxycholic acid, 3beta 6beta-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid, 3 sulfo-glycodeoxycholic acid) in sera of 199 participants from two cohorts (US and Egypt). The participants consist of 110 subjects (55 HCC cases and 55 cirrhotic controls) from the US and 89 subjects (40 HCC cases and 49 cirrhotic controls) from Egypt. Through a logistic regression model, we analyzed the quantitative results obtained by the UPLC-ESI-QLIT MS to evaluate the ability of the three candidate markers as a panel in distinguishing HCC cases from patients with liver cirrhosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve obtained through the regression model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.754 in distinguishing the HCC cases from cirrhotic controls for the US cohort and an AUC of 0.709 for the Egyptian cohort. The model resulted in an AUC of 0.717 for the combined US and Egyptian cohort. We compared the diagnostic capability of these metabolites versus α-fetoprotein (AFP) in the US cohort, for which AFP measurements were available for both the HCC cases and cirrhotic controls. While AFP alone resulted in an AUC of 0.681, the combination of AFP with the three metabolites increased the AUC to 0.806. These results indicate the potential of these candidate biomarkers in combination with AFP for more accurate diagnosis of HCC in high risk population of cirrhotic patients. Citation Format: Jun Feng Xiao, Yi Zhao, Rency Varghese, Bin Zhou, Cristina Di Poto, Lihua Zhang, Mahlet G. Tadesse, Dina Hazem Ziada, Kirti Shetty, Habtom W. Ressom. Targeted quantitation of candidate metabolic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2492. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2492 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Treatment of Acute Massive Digitalis Poisoning by Administration of a Chelating Agent
Authors: Martin S. Bernstein, Martin Neschis, Frank Collini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE heightened sensitivity of the diseased myocardium to digitalis, as manifested by toxic responses to average or small doses, is well established.1 Chelating compounds that act by removing calcium from the ionic milieu have been useful in the treatment of digitalis intoxication in patients with heart disease.2 A recent abortive suicidal attempt permitted us to observe the effects of huge doses of orally administered digoxin on the normal heart and its response to therapy with a chelating agent.Case ReportL.Z., a 49-year-old single woman, was admitted to the Maimonides Hospital on October 11, 1958, 1 day after ingesting 100 . . .
Managed Care: Ethical Issues-Reply
Authors: E. J. Emanuel, N. N. Dubler
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We agree with Dr Doner that the physician-patient relationship itself can be therapeutic. We tried to incorporate this into our notion of compassion as an essential element of the physician-patient relationship. We appreciate her focus on this issue. We agree with Dr Rosner that minimizing financial conflicts of interest is essential to an ideal physician-patient relationship. But we urge caution in criticism of managed care plans since fee-for-service medicine has its own financial conflicts of interest in which physicians personally benefit by doing too much. The consequences of these conflicts are well documented.<sup>1</sup>Many managed care plans do use financial incentives that make physicians "double agents."<sup>2,3</sup>For instance, 60% of managed care plans withhold more than 10% of physicians' income and 35% provide salary bonuses for limiting use of expensive medical treatments and consultations. Nevertheless, some managed care plans have been careful to avoid financial conflicts
Intraluminal pressure, transmucosal potential difference, and pH studies in the oesophagus of patients before and after Collis repair of a hiatal hernia
Authors: K. S. Habibulla, J. L. Collis
Journal: Thorax (1973)

Intraluminal pressure, transmucosal potential difference, and endo-oesophageal pH measurements were studied in patients with hiatal hernia—before and after a hiatal repair. The operation employed is the Collis (1968) repair for uncomplicated hiatal hernia and does not refer to gastroplasty as recommended for peptic stricture (Collis, 1961). Postoperative studies show that the repair approximates the inferior oesophageal sphincter to the hiatus with the production of a single band of raised pressure at the lower end of the oesophagus. This band is similar to that seen in normal subjects and its appearance was associated with cure of the symptoms, abolition of the gastro-oesophageal reflux, and improvement in the function of the inferior oesophageal sphincter and the musculature of the body of the oesophagus. Certain physiological implications of this study are discussed.
<i>COL4A1</i>Mutations and Hereditary Angiopathy, Nephropathy, Aneurysms, and Muscle Cramps
Authors: Emmanuelle Plaisier, Olivier Gribouval, Sonia Alamowitch, Béatrice Mougenot, Catherine Prost, Marie Christine Verpont, Béatrice Marro, Thomas Desmettre, Salomon Yves Cohen, Etienne Roullet, Michel Dracon, Michel Fardeau, Tom Van Agtmael, Dontscho Kerjaschki, Corinne Antignac, Pierre Ronco
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 are the only collagen genes that have been implicated in inherited nephropathies in humans. However, the causative genes for a number of hereditary multicystic kidney diseases, myopathies with cramps, and heritable intracranial aneurysms remain unknown.
Incidence of unsuspected fractures in traumatic effusions of the elbow joint
Authors: R W Nutton
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Phantom of an outpatient service SLKaye,MRCP. 329 Incidence of unsuspected fractures in traumatic effusions of the elbow joint R W Nutton, frcs; C C Wray, frcsed; K R Welsh, MB, and C A J McLauchlan, mrcp. 329 Compartment syndromes in unconscious patients DJ AScottjFRCS, and others. 330 Exertional gastro-oesophageal reflux JB Chambers, mrcp, and others. 330 Coventry: a no drinking-driving city by the year 2000? G Avery, ffcm, and Joanna Watson, MB. 330 AIDS and the lung P A Jenkins, phd; Ann B Millar, mrcp. 331
Spread of AIDS in Africa driven by poor medical practice, report says
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The spread of AIDS in Africa is driven not by unsafe sex but by unsafe medical practice, according to research published last week.

The research, which analysed data on new infections collected up to 1988, concludes that no basis exists for the widespread belief that sexual transmission is responsible for over 90% of new cases. Instead, the authors say, use of dirty needles by public health services was the main cause of transmission in the study period, with sexual transmission accounting for just 30% of infections.

In three articles, lead authors David Gisselquist, a private consultant anthropologist from …
Scintigraphic Findings in a Brodie??s Abscess
Authors: FRIEDA SILVA, REINALDO LAGUNA, MARJA ACEVEDO, CARMINA RUIZ, ELBA ORDUNA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 9-year-old girl had a 6-month history of left hip pain. Radiographs of the left hip showed a metaphyseal osteolytic lesion with sclerotic borders in the femoral neck. Tc-99m MDP bone imaging and a Ga-67 scan showed focal areas of increased activity in the left femoral neck. These areas of increased uptake corresponded to a lytic area on x-rays, which was due to a Brodie's abscess. The combination of Tc-99m MDP bone and Ga-67 imaging has been widely used in the confirmation of bone infection, increasing the accuracy in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis. However, nuclear scintigraphy has not been previously reported in the confirmation of a Brodie's abscess.
High-Cholesterol Pigs
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Curiosities of Medicine: An Assembly of Medical Diversions 1552-1962
Authors: D. W. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Rarely have essays of such diverse character and origin been assembled between covers. The book opens with a<i>New Yorker</i>article by Samuel Hopkins Adams on the black widow spider. (Her consort, we are told, seldom has the luck to become a black widower, owing to the female's "shrewish habit of eating him shortly after mating... putting him to the double purpose of bed and board.") This is followed by a 16th century physician's classical description of "sweating sickness," admirably rendered into modern English by the editor. There is reprinted a 1962Journalcommunication on glue-sniffing, after which René and Jean Dubos discuss romantic 19th century views of tuberculosis ("Is it possible that genius is only scrofula?" asks Elizabeth Barrett Browning). And so the book proceeds: indisputable classics (Snow on cholera, Beaumont on digestion, Withering on foxglove) interspersed with engrossing but probably less enduring works (Montagu on yawning, Lindner on
Heat for the Relief of Itching in Ivy Poisoning.
Authors: Chas. Norton Barney
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Key West, Fla., Aug. 12, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In connection with the statements of Prof. Edmund Andrews as to the value of strong heat as a remedy for pruritus ani, in his article inThe Journalof July 12, 1902, I wish to say that since 1896, when its value was called to my attention by the experience of Col. W. H. Forbes of Milton, Mass., in his own case, I have found strong heat to give more relief to the intense itching of ivy poisoning than any other treatment which I have tried (e. g., combinations of carbolic acid, zinc oxid and lime water, lead acetate and alcohol, lead and opium wash, etc.). Where the affected part can not be plunged directly into the hot water, the hot water can be sopped on with a sponge. Respectfully,
Foreign Correspondence—Vienna Therapeutics.
Authors: W. S. Caldwell
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Paris, Jan. 29, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —While Germany is the acknowledged seat of expectancy in therapeutics, the Vienna school, in her attitude toward the effect of drugs in the treatment of disease, is inclined to go a little farther in her unbelief, and approach even the border line of nihilism itself. Nothnagel says: "When called to treat a patient, study the case well, and make the best diagnosis you can. When this is done, never ask yourself this question first: What shall I give this man or woman, but always ask, shall I give him anything?" In a late clinical lecture on a case of chronic atrophic Bright's disease, after describing in a graphic manner the history, symptoms and pathology of the case, he asked: "What shall we give this patient?" His answer was, "Absolutely nothing;" not even the milk diet that he had advised in an acute inflammatory
TrkB phosphorylation by Cdk5 is required for activity-dependent structural plasticity and spatial memory
Authors: Kwok-On Lai, Alan S L Wong, Man-Chun Cheung, Pei Xu, Zhuoyi Liang, Ka-Chun Lok, Hui Xie, Mary E Palko, Wing-Ho Yung, Lino Tessarollo, Zelda H Cheung, Nancy Y Ip
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposures and Cognition in Older U.S. Adults: NHANES (1999–2002)
Authors: Maryse F. Bouchard, Youssef Oulhote, Sharon K. Sagiv, Dave Saint-Amour, Jennifer Weuve
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously present in humans because of their resistance to degradation and accumulation in fatty tissues. Data on neurotoxic effects in older adults are limited.We examined the cross-sectional association between serum PCB concentrations and cognitive function in older adults from the general U.S. population.We analyzed data from 708 respondents, 60-84 years of age, participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002). We used the summed concentrations of 12 lipid-standardized PCB congeners as the measure of exposure and assessed cognitive function with the Digit-Symbol Coding test. We adjusted analyses for age, education, race/ethnicity, and poverty/income ratio.The median concentration of lipid-standardized PCBs in serum was 271 ng/g (interquartile range, 193-399 ng/g). We found a significant interaction between dioxin-like PCB concentration and age in association with cognitive score (p=0.04). Among older individuals (70-84 years of age), a 100-ng/g increase in serum concentrations of dioxin-like PCBs was associated with a significantly lower cognitive score (-2.7 points; 95% CI: -5.1, -0.2; p=0.04); however, in younger individuals (60-69 years of age), there was a nonsignificant positive association (2.9 points; 95% CI: -1.8, 7.7; p=0.32). Among the older participants, the negative association was more pronounced in women than in men.Our findings support the hypothesis that PCB exposure has adverse cognitive effects even at levels generally considered to pose low or no risk, perhaps affecting mainly those of advanced age.
Missiles in the Heart
Authors: Edward F. Bland, Gilbert W. Beebe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THIS report concerns the fate of 40 soldiers with foreign bodies in the heart from World War II. The original study began in a small way in North Africa and Italy during the war. At that time an opportunity was presented to assemble data on 100 soldiers who had wounds of the heart and recovered; among them was a small group who were sent home from overseas with metallic fragments in the myocardium.§ In 1957, at the suggestion of the National Research Council, this earlier study was extended to include the total experience of the war, and this is now . . .
Does Silicosis Still Occur?
Authors: David J. Valiante
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A state-based surveillance system has identified 401 individuals with the diagnosis of silicosis for the years 1979 through 1987. The individuals identified were generally older men who began work before 1960 and had worked for 15 years or more in potteries, construction, foundries, or sand mines. Follow-up inspections at the identified companies indicated ongoing poorly controlled exposure to silica. Difficulties in distinguishing coal worker's pneumoconiosis from silicosis and inadequate attention to tuberculosis by the treating physicians were noted. Few workers applied for workers' compensation. Extrapolation of our results to the whole country suggests that the current national surveillance system for occupational illnesses markedly underestimates the true occurrence of silicosis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3003-3007)
Proteomic identification of the MYST domain histone acetyltransferase TIP60 (HTATIP) as a co-activator of the myeloid transcription factor C/EBPα
Authors: D Bararia, A K Trivedi, A A Peer Zada, P A Greif, M A Mulaw, M Christopeit, W Hiddemann, S K Bohlander, G Behre
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Cytokines and cellular interactions in inflammatory synovitis
Authors: William P. Arend
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Considerable evidence accumulated over the past decade has clarified some of the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions in rheumatoid synovitis and the important roles of IL-1 and TNF-α in inflammation and tissue destruction (1, 2).These advances in knowledge have led to the development of novel anticytokine therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).However, in spite of these successes, disagreement remains concerning the relative roles of T cell-dependent versus T cell-independent mechanisms and of IL-1 versus TNF-α in the initiation and perpetuation of rheumatoid synovitis.Studies in experimental animal models of inflammatory arthritis have shed some light on these issues in RA, although it is generally recognized that no animal model is completely equivalent to the human disease.The article by Niki et al. in this issue of the JCI provides some interesting new findings on effects of IL-1 on synovitis (3) and speaks to some of the broader questions regarding the cells and cytokines that drive this disease.
Transforming growth factor-beta differentially regulates oval cell and hepatocyte proliferation
Authors: Lananh N. Nguyen, Momoko H. Furuya, Lawrence A. Wolfraim, Anthony P. Nguyen, Matthew S. Holdren, Jean S. Campbell, Belinda Knight, George C. T. Yeoh, Nelson Fausto, Tony W. Parks
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Oval cells are hepatocytic precursors that proliferate in late-stage cirrhosis and that give rise to a subset of human hepatocellular carcinomas. Although liver regeneration typically occurs through replication of existing hepatocytes, oval cells proliferate only when hepatocyte proliferation is inhibited. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key inhibitory cytokine for hepatocytes, both in vitro and in vivo . Because TGF-β levels are elevated in chronic liver injury when oval cells arise, we hypothesized that oval cells may be less responsive to the growth inhibitory effects of this cytokine. To examine TGF-β signaling in vivo in oval cells, we analyzed livers of rats fed a choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet for phospho-Smad2. Phospho-Smad2 was detected in more than 80% of hepatocytes, but staining was substantially reduced in oval cells. Ki67 staining, in contrast, was significantly more common in oval cells than hepatocytes. To understand the inverse relationship between TGF-β signaling and proliferation in oval cells and hepatocytes, we examined TGF-β signaling in vitro . TGF-β caused marked growth inhibition in primary hepatocytes and the AML12 hepatocyte cell line. Two oval cell lines, LE/2 and LE/6, were less responsive. The greater sensitivity of the hepatocytes to TGF-β–induced growth inhibition may result from the absence of Smad6 in these cells. Conclusion : Our results indicate that oval cells, both in vivo and in vitro , are less sensitive to TGF-β–induced growth inhibition than hepatocytes. These findings further suggest an underlying mechanism for the proliferation of oval cells in an environment inhibitory to hepatocytic proliferation. (Hepatology 2007;45:31–41.)
Retention systems of the brain: Evidence from neuropsychological patients
Authors: Barbara J. Knowlton, Indre V. Viskontas
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Studies of neuropsychological patients are relevant to models of how long-term memories are stored. If amnesia is considered a binding deficit and not a difficulty in transferring information from short-term to long-term memory, it is unclear why context-free semantic learning is impaired. Also the model should account for the reverse temporal gradient seen in patients with semantic dementia.
Blair says science needs strong funding and public support
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Prime Minster Tony Blair says that science is vital to the prosperity of the United Kingdom and has urged strong funding and strong public support.

In a wide-ranging speech on science given to the Royal Society last week he said that the United Kingdom was held back by its traditional attitude to science.

“Britain has produced 44 Nobel laureates in the last 50 years, more than any country except the United …
Ventricular expression of atrial natriuretic polypeptide and its relations with hemodynamics and histology in dilated human hearts. Immunohistochemical study of the endomyocardial biopsy specimens.
Authors: G Takemura, H Fujiwara, K Horike, M Mukoyama, Y Saito, K Nakao, M Matsuda, A Kawamura, M Ishida, M Kida
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To investigate the mechanism of expression of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) in human ventricles, we conducted an immunohistochemical study of ANP in biventricular endomyocardial biopsy specimens obtained from a total of 49 patients with cardiac dilatation due to dilated cardiomyopathy (21 patients), postmyocarditis (18 patients), or volume overload (five patients) and subjects with no dilatation as controls (five patients). Four-micron thick sections were stained by an indirect immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibody to alpha-human ANP as the primary antibody. The frequency of ANP-present myocytes was calculated in each specimen and compared with clinical, echocardiographic, hemodynamic, angiographic, and histologic parameters. ANP-present myocytes were noted in all of the 21 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, in 11 of the 18 patients with postmyocarditis, in four of the five patients with volume overload, and in zero of the five controls. The mean percentage of ANP-present myocytes was significantly greater in the left-side specimens (35 +/- 37%) than in the right-side ones (2 +/- 4%). The percentage of ANP-present myocytes in the left-side specimens significantly correlated with peak systolic or end-diastolic wall stress (r = 0.67 and 0.58), left ventricular end-systolic or end-diastolic volume index (r = 0.75 and 0.69), or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (r = 0.42) and inversely correlated with ejection fraction (r = -0.73), systolic left ventricular wall thickness (r = -0.58), or cardiac index (r = -0.30). Expression of ANP was rarely seen in the cases with normal wall stresses, normal ejection fraction, normal volume, or normal myocyte size. However, it was seen frequently even in hearts with normal levels of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and cardiac index (compensated hearts). The percent of ANP-present myocytes in both sides significantly correlated with size of myocytes (r = 0.48 at right and r = 0.57 at left side) or degree of fibrosis (r = 0.45 at right and r = 0.48 at left side). These results suggest that ANP expression is augmented in the dilated ventricles regardless of the causes of dilatation and that the augmentation is a compensatory mechanism as prevention against decompensation responding to reduced contractility, excess of wall stresses, or both, concomitantly occurring with cardiac dilatation and myocardial hypertrophy.