tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Videomicroscopic demonstration of defective cholinergic arteriolar vasodilation in atherosclerotic rabbit.
Authors: H Yamamoto, C Bossaller, J Cartwright, P D Henry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

In atherosclerotic rabbits (SCLER), decreases in vascular resistance in response to acetylcholine (ACH), an endothelium-dependent agent, are suppressed, whereas those to nitroprusside (NP), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, are preserved. To determine whether defective vasodilation in SCLER is related to altered reactivity of resistance vessels, we visualized arterioles of rabbit cremaster muscle by videomicroscopy. Arteriolar diameter was monitored during topical (superfusional) delivery of ACh and NO, interventions that did not affect systemic hemodynamics. Diameter changes in response to NP (0.01-100.0 microM) did not differ between SCLER and controls; maximal dilations amounted to 110 +/- 10% (mean +/- SE). In contrast, responses to ACH (0.001-100 microM) differed; maximal dilations averaged 54 +/- 4% in SCLER and 124 +/- 9% in controls (P less than 0.001). These differences persisted after blockade with phentolamine, propranolol, and indomethacin. Phenidone and hydroquinone blockers of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, inhibited arteriolar dilation to ACH without affecting that to NP. Microvascular responses to intra-arterial drug were similar to those elicited by topical drug. Thus, hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in the rabbit appear to produce a microvascular defect characterized by an impaired endothelium-dependent dilation and a preserved endothelium-independent dilation. This defect could play a role in limiting vasodilator reserve in atherosclerosis.
INTRACRANIAL CLOT FROM INJURY WITHOUT FRACTURE OF THE SKULL.
Authors: C. E. RUTH
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<i>Case 1</i>.—May 9, 1891, Dr. C. W. Battey requested me to see L. G., aged 5 years, in consultation with him. Four days previously she had fallen fifteen and a half feet, striking her head on a plank sidewalk. She was picked up unconscious, but remained so only for a few moments. Physicians who examined her immediately found no fracture, depressed bone, or other evidence of serious injury. Since the fall she had had no opiate or sedative of any kind, yet had no pain, ate well, bowels open, and slept eighteen hours in twenty-four; answered questions correctly, but hesitatingly; protruded and retracted the tongue like a typhoid patient. Sensation and muscular coördination was perfect. Temperature 99½° F., pulse 72. There was great discoloration of all the palpebrai and ocular tissues, with sufficient œdema to completely close the right eye and prevent inspection of the right pupil. Left pupil responded
The inositol phosphatase SHIP-1 is negatively regulated by Fli-1 and its loss accelerates leukemogenesis
Authors: Gurpreet K. Lakhanpal, Laura M. Vecchiarelli-Federico, You-Jun Li, Jiu-Wei Cui, Monica L. Bailey, David E. Spaner, Daniel J. Dumont, Dwayne L. Barber, Yaacov Ben-David
Journal: Blood (2010)
A SIMPLE METHOD OF DRESSING FRACTURES OF THE EXTREMITIES. AN AUXILIARY TO THE BANDAGE.
Authors: JOHN EPH. LINK
Journal: JAMA (1896)

My object in this paper with demonstration, is to present a simple, effective and convenient method of dressing injuries of the extremities, especially the lower, whether of fracture as the paper is headed or dislocations, sprains or contusions and lacerations of muscle or tendon, everything indicating rest of tissue; a dressing embracing the principle of rest without restraint; a simple auxiliary to the bandage. I hope to be able to demonstrate at some future time that all progressive tendency to displacement from reflex irritation can be avoided by placing the muscles in a state of rest by simply encasing the limb in an easy environment. The bandage of old, well worn muslin in successive layers comes as near meeting these indications as any other and with nack can be made almost, if not quite, as effective in soft even cushioning as with the cotton batting and much more retaining. The
Profound impact of gut homeostasis on chemically-induced pro-tumorigenic inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Hui-Lu Zhang, Le-Xing Yu, Wen Yang, Liang Tang, Yan Lin, Han Wu, Bo Zhai, Ye-Xiong Tan, Lei Shan, Qiong Liu, Hai-Yang Chen, Rong-Yang Dai, Bi-Jun Qiu, Ya-Qin He, Chao Wang, Long-Yi Zheng, Yu-Qiong Li, Fu-Quan Wu, Zhong Li, He-Xin Yan, Hong-Yang Wang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
694 HLA CLASS I ALLELES ASSOCIATED WITH HCV POLYMORPHISMS AND RESPONSE TO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY IN HCV GENOTYPE 1-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: C.M. Lange, A. Dragan, K. Roomp, J. Nattermann, M. Michalk, U. Spengler, V. Weich, T. Berg, T. Lengauer, S. Zeuzem, C. Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Performance monitoring should take costs to heart
Authors: Sheila M Bird
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—The three papers on the performance of cardiac surgeons in the issue of 21 August show that expertise combined with statistical thinking can lead to rational performance monitoring without bullying overtones, disputed targets, or misconceived “naming and shaming.”1–5

Publicly naming individual surgeons as “not meeting” even the 99.99% standard proposed by Keogh et al remains problematic if the underlying problem is commonly discovered to be …
Lack of Data
Authors: Julie Maher
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Protective effect of Curcumin on chronic cerebral ischemia by altering expression of α- synuclein in 2VO model
Authors: Gang Yu, Li Liu, Peng Zhang, Yu Li
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background Previous studies have shown that natural compound Curcumin can improve some biological effects induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and may represent a target for treatment. asynuclein oligomerization and aggregation are considered to have a role in the pathogenesis of brain ischemia/reperfusion. However, the effects of Curcumin on asynuclein in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion are poorly understood. This study aims to observe the effect of Curcumin on chronic cerebral ischemia model in rats and investigate change of asynuclein induced by Curcumin.
The management of superficial venous incompetence
Authors: P. B. v. d. Boezem, T. M. A. L. Klem, E. l. C. d'Armandville, C. H. A. Wittens
Journal: BMJ (2011)

#### Summary points

Superficial venous disease of the leg is common, disabling, and costly, and it has a negative effect on patients’ quality of life.1 A cross sectional survey from the United Kingdom found a prevalence of trunk varicosities of more than 30%.2 Trunk varicosities originate from the great saphenous vein in almost 50% of cases, the small saphenous vein in 30%, and both veins in 20% (fig 1⇓).3



Fig 1 Venous anatomy of the leg



We review the management of superficial venous incompetence of the leg, focusing on the effectiveness of the procedures most commonly used and their complication rates.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for the terms “varicose” or “saphenous” and extracted data from the most valid prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials of the past 25 years. Efficacy of treatment was assessed by recurrence rate, quality of life, pain scores, and return to daily activities and work.

In many of the trials that compared treatment modalities patient numbers were low, a clinically relevant primary outcome was absent, and the manufacturer was involved in the trial. Several studies reported difficulty in recruiting patients because many expressed a preference for endovenous procedures. In all of the randomised trials, neither the investigators nor the patients were blinded to the treatment method. These problems probably …
Generalized pustular psoriasis on withdrawal of clobetasol propionate ointment.
Authors: J D Boxley, R P Dawber, R Summerly
Journal: BMJ (1975)

infusion suggesting that, though the oesophageal mucosa might have been stimulated, the pain produced was not epigastric.We could not confirm that the cardiac sphincter pressure of those patients with epigastric pain was different from those without such pain.Moreover, radiological evidence of the capacity to herniate stomach, or of reflux of barium, as a measure of the incompetence of the anti-reflux mechanism, did not correspond with the incidence of epigastric pain.Hence we find little support for Earlam's hypothesis that the epigastric pain of duodenal ulcer is caused by acid stimulation of the oesophageal mucosa.
Evidence for the intracardiovascular hyperclotting state induced by atrial fibrillation itself
Authors: Yasushi Abe, Jiyoong Kim, Masatake Fukunami, Masaharu Ohmori, Tsuyoshi Shimonagata, Kazuaki Kumagai, Takahisa Yamada, Shoji Sanada, Noritake Hoki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Disseminated Nodular Pulmonary Ossification in Patients with Mitral Stenosis
Authors: WILLIAM R. WILSON, RIKURO SASAKI, CHARLES A. JOHNSON
Journal: Circulation (1959)

What seem to be rare complications of common diseases may merely be uncommon because no one accumulates a large number. The unusual combination of disseminated nodular bone formation in the lungs and chronic mitral stenosis is more common in young men. The clinical findings in 4 cases are described and the pathogenesis is discussed.
Safe Genetic Modification of Cardiac Stem Cells Using a Site-Specific Integration Technique
Authors: Feng Lan, Junwei Liu, Kazim H. Narsinh, Shijun Hu, Leng Han, Andrew S. Lee, Marisa Karow, Patricia K. Nguyen, Divya Nag, Michele P. Calos, Robert C. Robbins, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) are a promising cell source for regenerative repair after myocardial infarction. Exploitation of their full therapeutic potential may require stable genetic modification of the cells ex vivo. Safe genetic engineering of stem cells, using facile methods for site-specific integration of transgenes into known genomic contexts, would significantly enhance the overall safety and efficacy of cellular therapy in a variety of clinical contexts.We used the phiC31 site-specific recombinase to achieve targeted integration of a triple fusion reporter gene into a known chromosomal context in hCPCs and human endothelial cells. Stable expression of the reporter gene from its unique chromosomal integration site resulted in no discernible genomic instability or adverse changes in cell phenotype. Namely, phiC31-modified hCPCs were unchanged in their differentiation propensity, cellular proliferative rate, and global gene expression profile when compared with unaltered control hCPCs. Expression of the triple fusion reporter gene enabled multimodal assessment of cell fate in vitro and in vivo using fluorescence microscopy, bioluminescence imaging, and positron emission tomography. Intramyocardial transplantation of genetically modified hCPCs resulted in significant improvement in myocardial function 2 weeks after cell delivery, as assessed by echocardiography (P=0.002) and MRI (P=0.001). We also demonstrated the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of genetically modifying differentiated human endothelial cells, which enhanced hind limb perfusion (P<0.05 at day 7 and 14 after transplantation) on laser Doppler imaging.The phiC31 integrase genomic modification system is a safe, efficient tool to enable site-specific integration of reporter transgenes in progenitor and differentiated cell types.
Expression of crossreactive idiotypes by human antibodies specific for the capsular polysaccharide of Hemophilus influenzae B.
Authors: A H Lucas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Human antibodies specific, for polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide of Hemophilus influenzae b, were studied using idiotypic analysis. Antisera were prepared against purified F(ab')2 anti-PRP from two unrelated adults, H.H. and P.T. After repeated absorption with IgG myeloma proteins and with PRP-absorbed normal human Ig and donor Ig, anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) sera were obtained that specifically reacted with anti-PRP antibodies. Anti-IdHH and anti-IdPT reciprocally crossreacted with H.H. and P.T. anti-PRP antibodies and F(ab')2 fragments, and also reacted with the serum anti-PRP antibodies from three additional adults unrelated to P.T. and H.H. Both anti-Id sera partially inhibited anti-PRP paratopes but not anti-tetanus toxoid paratopes. PRP did not inhibit anti-Id recognition of shared or crossreactive idiotypic (CRI) determinants. Naturally occurring and PRP immunization-induced anti-PRP antibodies expressed CRI. While CRI titer increased after immunization, the increase was usually less than the rise in total anti-PRP antibody. Quantitative differences in CRI expression were also apparent between natural and immunization-induced H.H. and P.T. anti-PRP antibodies as shown by their differential inhibitability by anti-Id. Our data demonstrate that anti-PRP antibodies from five unrelated adults express CRI determinants that are probably distant from the PRP combining site. Naturally occurring and immunization-induced anti-PRP antibodies share CRI and therefore appear to be clonally related, although immunization apparently induces the expression CRI-negative antibodies as well. These results, taken with previous studies showing restricted and identical anti-PRP isoelectric focusing spectrotypes in unrelated adults, suggest that some PRP-specific V domains are structurally conserved and probably germ-line encoded.
Utility of renal biopsy in the clinical management of renal disease: hematuria should not be missed
Authors: Marius Miglinas
Journal: Kidney International (2014)

To the Editor: In a recent issue, Dhaun et al.1Dhaun N. Bellamy C.O. Cattran D.C. et al.Utility of renal biopsy in the clinical management of renal disease.Kidney Int. 2014; 85: 1039-1048Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (78) Google Scholar reviewed the utility of renal biopsy in the clinical management of renal disease. The article describes standard and expanded indications for renal biopsy, such as renal biopsy in the elderly, in those with diabetes or ‘hypertensive nephropathy’ and even renal biopsy in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the isolated hematuria should also not be missed. Typically, nephrologists tend to diagnose, monitor, and treat another fundamental manifestation of glomerular injury, proteinuria. Persistent glomerular hematuria is very common in daily clinical practice and is typically due to thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) or less often from Alport syndrome (AS).2Moreno J.A. Martín-Cleary C. Gutiérrez E. et al.Haematuria: the forgotten CKD factor?.Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012; 27: 28-34Crossref PubMed Scopus (64) Google Scholar AS and TBMN may be clinically indistinguishable. The differentiation is, however, of great importance due to different risks of CKD for the individual and their family members. A group of European, American, and Australian experts in their recent guidelines recommend renal biopsy in suspected AS for glomerular basement membrane (GBM) ‘ultrastructure, collagen IV composition, and an assessment of damage’.3Savige J. Gregory M. Gross O. et al.Expert guidelines for the management of Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013; 24: 364-375Crossref PubMed Scopus (254) Google Scholar The tissue distribution and trimer composition of the different collagen IV molecules are well known. The diagnosis of AS is highly likely if GBM lacks the collagen IV a5 chain, and in most cases, immunohistochemical staining for the alpha-3 and alpha-5 chains will be pathognomonic. The same guidelines state that ‘individuals suspected of having TBMN should undergo renal biopsy if they have atypical features … or if X-linked Alport syndrome … cannot be excluded’.3Savige J. Gregory M. Gross O. et al.Expert guidelines for the management of Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013; 24: 364-375Crossref PubMed Scopus (254) Google Scholar Renal biopsy can reveal important findings even in ‘loin pain–hematuria syndrome’, where thick or thin GBMs have been observed.4Spetie D.N. Nadasdy T. Nadasdy G. et al.Proposed pathogenesis of idiopathic loin pain–hematuria syndrome.Am J Kidney Dis. 2006; 47: 419-427Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar Therefore, renal biopsy ‘forms an invaluable part of the diagnostic process’ in hematuric syndromes as well.
BLOOD PLASMA PROTEIN REGENERATION CONTROLLED BY DIET
Authors: J. B. McNaught, V. C. Scott, F. M. Woods, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding, with return of washed red cells (plasmapheresis), it is possible to bring the dog to a steady state of low plasma protein in the circulation and a uniform plasma protein production on a basal diet. These dogs become test subjects by which the potency of various diet factors for plasma protein regeneration can be measured. Plant and grain proteins are quite well utilized to form new plasma protein in these test dogs but soy bean meal probably should be rated at the head of this list. It is utilized with unexpected promptness and favors the production of albumin in contrast to other plant proteins which distinctly favor globulin production. Long plasmapheresis periods on basal rations rich in grain proteins lower the resistance of these animals to infection. Spleen, brain, and stomach when fed with the basal diet in these test dogs show less favorable potency ratios-10.2, 11.8, and 13.6 respectively. This means the grams of tissue protein which must be fed to produce 1 gm. of new plasma protein. Fasting periods indicate that the dog can contribute only 4 to 6 gm. of plasma protein each week-an insignificant contribution presumably derived from the host's tissue proteins. Infection and intoxication disturb the plasma protein production of these standardized dogs and may reduce the output of plasma proteins to very low levels in spite of considerable food intake. There may be a very sharp drop in the plasma protein level during the first day of intoxication (Dog 33-324). Some of these observations may be of value in a study of clinical conditions associated with hypoproteinemia.
Mapping quantitative trait loci in humans: achievements and limitations
Authors: P. P. Majumder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Recent advances in statistical methods and genomic technologies have ushered in a new era in mapping clinically important quantitative traits. However, many refinements and novel statistical approaches are required to enable greater successes in this mapping. The possible impact of recent findings pertaining to the structure of the human genome on efforts to map quantitative traits is yet unclear.
Tubal Sterilization and its Reversal
Authors: A. E. R. Buckle
Journal: BMJ (1973)

study of five chronic schizophrenics we found that DL-a-methyltyrosine 2 g daily reinforced the antipsychotic action of pheno- thiazines, so that the dosage needed to con- trol the schizophrenic symptoms was much reduced.4We have now seen a case in which the extrapyramidal action of haloperidol was greatly potentiated by a-methyltyrosine.A 38-year-old woman, who had suffered for many years from severe phobia and anxiety, had been treated with chlorpromazine (up to 800 mg daily), haloperidol (up to 3 mg daily), and antidepressants of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor or tricyclic type without any extrapyramidal side effects.To try to control her symptoms she was given a-methyltyrosine (125 mg daily gradually increasing to 1 g daily) combined with haloperidol 1.5 mg daily.There was no therapeutic response or side effects.The dose of haloperidol was then gradually increased to 2.5 mg daily.About 24 hours after this dose level was reached a severe extrapyramidal syn- drome developed, with general muscular rigidity, cogwheel phenomenon, coarse tremors, oral dyskinesia, and restlessness.Intravenous biperi- den chloride quickly controlled the symptoms.
Systemic Moniliasis in Infancy
Authors: Glierardo J. Gherardi
Journal: JAMA (1965)

HIDDEN INFECTIONS in the newborn may generate events which hide for a time under the guise of failure to thrive and eventually surface with signs of the complications rather than of the original disease.  The following case presents a clinically inapparent mycosis acquired in the perinatal period. It is unique in combining a naturally produced Goldblatt phenomenon and unilateral cortical necrosis at such an early age.  Report of a Case  An infant girl, product of a 42-week gestation and delivered by cesarean section for premature separation of a placenta praevia, was free of skin blemishes from birth. Throughout most of her pregnancy, the mother had had a malodorous and persistent vaginal discharge treated with antibacterial suppositories but the by-products of conception were not examined.  The child fed poorly, never regained her birth weight of 2,970 gm (6.5 lb), and at ten days of age she was hospitalized with a diagnosis
Changes in body composition in patients with severe lipodystrophy after leptin replacement therapy
Authors: Stephanie Ann Moran, Nicole Patten, Janice Ryan Young, Elaine Cochran, Nancy Sebring, James Reynolds, Ahalya Premkumar, Alex M Depaoli, Monica C Skarulis, Elif Arioglu Oral, Phillip Gorden
Journal: Metabolism (2004)
Study is needed of visual field defects associated with any long term antiepileptic drug
Authors: G P. Rao, F. A. Fat, G. Kyle, J. P. Leach, D. W Chadwick, M. Batterbury
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The discovery, characterization, and adaptation of the RNA-guided clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 system has greatly increased the ease with which genome and epigenome editing can be performed. Fusion of chromatin-modifying domains to the nuclease-deactivated form of Cas9 (dCas9) has enabled targeted gene activation or repression in both cultured cells and <i>in vivo</i> in animal models. However, delivery of the large dCas9 fusion proteins to target cell types and tissues is an obstacle to widespread adoption of these tools for <i>in vivo</i> studies. Here we describe the generation and validation of two conditional transgenic mouse lines for targeted gene regulation, Rosa26:LSL-dCas9-p300 for gene activation and Rosa26:LSL-dCas9-KRAB for gene repression. Using the dCas9<sup>p300</sup> and dCas9<sup>KRAB</sup> transgenic mice we demonstrate activation or repression of genes in both the brain and liver <i>in vivo</i>, and T cells and fibroblasts <i>ex vivo</i>. We show gene regulation and targeted epigenetic modification with gRNAs targeting either transcriptional start sites (TSS) or distal enhancer elements, as well as corresponding changes to downstream phenotypes. These mouse lines are convenient and valuable tools for facile, temporally controlled, and tissue-restricted epigenome editing and manipulation of gene expression <i>in vivo</i>.