tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transient hypothyroidism after iodine-131 treatment for thyrotoxicosis.
Authors: I A MacFarlane, S M Shalet, C G Beardwell, J S Khara
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Transient hypothyroidism after iodine-131 treatment for thyrotoxicosisMany patients develop permanent hypothyroidism after being treated with iodine-131 (131I) for thyrotoxicosis and require replacement therapy with thyroxine.'Transient hypothyroidism has been observed after subtotal thyroidectomy for thyrotoxicosis,2 but whether this phenomenon exists after 1311 treatment is disputed.3In 1977 we reported two cases of transient hypothyroidism after 131I treatment,4 since when we have seen a further eight cases, which we report here. Patients, methods, and resultsThe patients comprised seven women, median age 52 years (range 49-69), and three men aged 50, 59, and 67 years attending the thyroid clinic at this hospital.Thyrotoxicosis was confirmed biochemically and by an increased two-hour uptake of 1321.None of the patients were receiving antithyroid drugs, and all had diffuse thyroid enlargement.Doses of 131I ranged from 2 5 to 11 8 mCi (median 4 mCi).The diagnosis of transient hypothyroidism was based on a low serum thyroxine (T4) concentration.Serum T4, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) con- centrations were measured by radioimmunoassay.Normal ranges were: serum T4 60-140 nmol 1 (4 7-10 9 yg 100 ml), serum T3 1 2-2 7 nmol l (0 8-1 8 ng ml), and serum TSH < 6 mU 1. Statistical analysis included Friedman's two-way analysis of variance test and Wilcoxon's matched pairs signed ranks test.The figure shows the serum concentrations of T4, T3, and TSH measured immediately before 1311 treatment, when subnormal serum T4 concentrations were first found, and when serum T4 concentrations were first noted to be normal again.No patient became clinically hypothyroid when the serum T4 concentration was transiently low.After treatment the median serum T4 concentration decreased from 211.5 nmoll1 (16 4 tg/ 100 ml) (range 160-320 nmol 1; 12 4-24 9 fig / 100 ml) to 38 5 nmol/l (3 0 tsg/l00 ml) (range 20-55 nmol'l; 1 6-4 2 ,ug, 100 ml) and
Amiodarone Protects Cardiac Myocytes Against Oxidative Injury by its Free Radical Scavenging Action
Authors: Tomomi Ide, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Shintaro Kinugawa, Hideo Utsumi, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease and heart failure, and antioxidants might be beneficial in the treatment of these patients. This study was performed to determine the scavenging effects of amiodarone on oxygen free radicals and its protective effects against oxygen radical-mediated injury in cardiac myocytes. Methods and Results —The formation of the radical spin adduct with hydroxy radical (·OH) in the presence of H 2 O 2 (10 mmol/L) and Fe 3+ -nitrilotriacetate (20 μmol/L) was monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with a spin trapping agent, 5,5-dimethyl pyrroline- N -oxide (DMPO). Amiodarone decreased the intensity of the DMPO-OH signals in a dose-dependent manner (0.1 to 100 μmol/L), whereas other antiarrhythmia drugs such as disopyramide and atenolol had no such effects. Furthermore, amiodarone (10 μmol/L) protected intact adult canine cardiac myocytes against ·OH-mediated myocyte injury, as assessed by the degree of morphological change from rod shape to the irreversible hypercontracture state during the exposure of cells to H 2 O 2 and Fe 3+ in vitro. Conclusions —Amiodarone can protect cardiac myocytes against oxidative stress-mediated injury by directly scavenging oxygen free radicals. Antioxidant action of amiodarone might potentially contribute to the beneficial effects of this drug in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure.
Assessment of the potential risk to workers from exposure to 1,3-butadiene.
Authors: D Turnbull, J V Rodricks, S M Brett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The available epidemiologic data provide equivocal evidence that 1,3-butadiene is carcinogenic in humans; some available studies suggest that the lymphopoietic system is a target, but there are inconsistencies among studies in the types of tumors associated with 1,3-butadiene exposure, and there is no evidence of a relationship between length of exposure and cancer risk, as one might expect if there was a true causal relationship between 1,3-butadiene exposure and cancer risk. The available chronic animal studies, however, show an increase in tumor incidence associated with exposure to high concentrations of 1,3-butadiene. In addition to the general uncertainty of the relevance of animal data to humans, there are several additional reasons why the National Toxicology Program's mouse study may not be appropriate for assessing possible human risks. These include: a) the possible involvement of a species-specific tumor virus (MuLV) in the response in mice; b) apparent differences between mice and humans in the rate of metabolism of 1,3-butadiene to reactive epoxides that may be proximate carcinogens; c) use of high dose levels that caused excess early mortality; and d) exposure of animals to 1,3-butadiene for only about half their lifetime. While recognizing the uncertainty in using the available animal data for risk assessment, we have performed low-dose extrapolation of the data to examine the implications of the data if humans were as sensitive as rats or mice to 1,3-butadiene, and to examine how the predictions of the animal data compare to that observed in the epidemiologic studies. With the mouse data, because the study was of less than lifetime duration, we have used the Hartley-Sielken time-to-tumor model to permit estimation of lifetime risk from the less than lifetime exposure of the study. With the rat data, we have used three plausible models for assessing low-dose risk: the multistage model, the Weibull model, and the Mantel-Bryan probit model. With both the rat and mouse data, we used information on how much 1,3-butadiene is retained by animals exposed to various concentrations of the chemical. This improves the accuracy of the low-dose extrapolation. When extrapolated to low-dose levels, mice appear to be at greater risk (by a factor of 5-fold to 40-fold) than rats. Some of this difference (a factor 3-fold to 5-fold) may be due to the faster rate of metabolism of 1,3-butadiene to, and higher blood levels of, epoxide derivatives in mice than in rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Eosinophilic myocarditis in hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Michael H. A. Roehrl, Mariam P. Alexander, Stephen B. Hammond, Marianna Ruzinova, Julia Y. Wang, Carl J. O'Hara
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

A 49-year-old woman presented with cough, fatigue, stomach pain, and fevers to 38.0 °C. An echocardiogram showed a mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and global hypokinesis. A CBC was remarkable for a leukocyte count of 21.4 × 103 μL−1 with a relative and absolute eosinophil count of 67% and 14.4 × 103 μL−1, respectively. The serum IgE concentration was 290 IU/mL (normal, 0–150 IU/mL). An endomyocardial biopsy of the right ventricle revealed abundant, focally degranulating eosinophils infiltrating the myocardium in both perivascular and interstitial patterns (Image 1A, H&E stain, 600×). There was associated multifocal myocyte damage and drop-out, compensatory myocyte hypertrophy, and significant interstitial and replacement fibrosis, as highlighted by expanded blue areas on a trichrome stain (Image 1B, 200×). The myocardium also showed scattered CD4+ T cells but virtually no CD8+ T cells or CD20+ B cells. A bone marrow biopsy revealed a hypercellular marrow with trilineage maturation and a prominent component of mature-appearing eosinophils comprising 60–70% of total cellularity (Image 1C, H&E stain, 600×). Cytogenetic analysis revealed a normal 46,XX karyotype. FISH testing was negative for BCR-ABL1, PDGFRA, and PDGFRB rearrangements. Because of documented cardiac tissue damage, a diagnosis of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) was deemed most appropriate [1]. Our patient was treated with 60 mg of oral prednisone per day starting on hospital day 8 (Image 1D, arrow), achieving a near-normal eosinophil count on day 18 (dashed line, upper limit of normal). Response to steroids is thought to indicate an overall better prognosis. Approximately one third of patients, however, will not respond to steroids. Hydroxyurea and interferon alpha are currently second-line drugs of choice and can be complemented by attempts of high dose imatinib, monoclonal antibodies against IL-5 (mepolizumab) or CD52 (alemtuzumab), or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [2]. Myocardial involvement is a common and serious complication of HES, potentially resulting in death due to cardiac fibrosis, congestive heart failure, and arrhythmia [3]. A fraction of patients with idiopathic HES likely represent neoplastic processes that are not recognized by currently available standard molecular assays. Genomic approaches to personalized pathology, such as high- resolution arrays or whole genome sequencing, will undoubtedly uncover many of these aberrations in the near future.
Computerized Cranial Tomography-Reply
Authors: Harvey V. Fineberg
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Dr Feldman's points are well taken. One might expect CCT in a nonteaching hospital to prove either more or less useful than CCT in a major teaching center. On the one hand, CCT might contribute greater improvements in diagnostic understanding to less specialized physicians in the community hospital; on the other hand, greater numbers of inappropriate patients might be scanned outside of the teaching hospital. Studies of the clinical efficacy of CCT in community hospitals would be a valuable addition to our understanding of this technology.
Interleukin 7 Receptor Control of T Cell Receptor γ Gene Rearrangement: Role of Receptor-associated Chains and Locus Accessibility
Authors: Scott K. Durum, Serge Candèias, Hiroshi Nakajima, Warren J. Leonard, Allison M. Baird, Leslie J. Berg, Kathrin Muegge
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

VDJ recombination of T cell receptor and immunoglobulin loci occurs in immature lymphoid cells. Although the molecular mechanisms of DNA cleavage and ligation have become more clear, it is not understood what controls which target loci undergo rearrangement. In interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R)alpha-/- murine thymocytes, it has been shown that rearrangement of the T cell receptor (TCR)-gamma locus is virtually abrogated, whereas other rearranging loci are less severely affected. By examining different strains of mice with targeted mutations, we now observe that the signaling pathway leading from IL-7Ralpha to rearrangement of the TCR-gamma locus requires the gammac receptor chain and the gammac-associated Janus kinase Jak3. Production of sterile transcripts from the TCR-gamma locus, a process that generally precedes rearrangement of a locus, was greatly repressed in IL-7Ralpha-/- thymocytes. The repressed transcription was not due to a lack in transcription factors since the three transcription factors known to regulate this locus were readily detected in IL-7Ralpha-/- thymocytes. Instead, the TCR-gamma locus was shown to be methylated in IL-7Ralpha-/- thymocytes. Treatment of IL-7Ralpha-/- precursor T cells with the specific histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A released the block of TCR-gamma gene rearrangement. This data supports the model that IL-7R promotes TCR-gamma gene rearrangement by regulating accessibility of the locus via demethylation and histone acetylation of the locus.
Tumor-Derived Autophagosome Vaccine: Induction of Cross-Protective Immune Responses against Short-lived Proteins through a p62-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Christopher G. Twitty, Shawn M. Jensen, Hong-Ming Hu, Bernard A. Fox
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Tumor-specific antigens of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced sarcomas were defined by the narrow immune responses they elicited, which uniquely rejected the homologous tumor, with no cross-reactions between independently derived syngeneic MCA-induced tumors. This study examines whether an autophagosome-enriched vaccine derived from bortezomib-treated sarcomas can elicit an immune response that cross-reacts with other unique sarcomas.Mice were vaccinated with either MCA-induced sarcomas or autophagosomes derived from those tumors and later challenged with either homologous or nonhomologous sarcomas. In addition, 293 cells expressing a model antigen were used to understand the necessity of short-lived proteins (SLiP) in this novel vaccine. These findings were then tested in the sarcoma model. Autophagosomes were characterized by Western blotting and fluorescent microscopy, and their ability to generate immune responses was assessed in vitro by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dilution of antigen-specific T cells and in vivo by monitoring tumor growth.In contrast to a whole-cell tumor vaccine, autophagosomes isolated from MCA-induced sarcomas treated with a proteasome inhibitor prime T cells that cross-react with different sarcomas and protect a significant proportion of vaccinated hosts from a nonhomologous tumor challenge. Ubiquitinated SLiPs, which are stabilized by proteasome blockade and delivered to autophagosomes in a p62/sequestosome-dependent fashion, are a critical component of the autophagosome vaccine, as their depletion limits vaccine efficacy.This work suggests that common short-lived tumor-specific antigens, not physiologically available for cross-presentation, can be sequestered in autophagosomes by p62 and used as a vaccine to elicit cross-protection against independently derived sarcomas.
Pressure Sores in Geriatric Patients
Authors: ANDREA MILLMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1987Pressure Sores in Geriatric PatientsANDREA MILLMAN, M.S.N., R.N., C., PAMELA JONES, M.S.N., R.N., C.S.ANDREA MILLMAN, M.S.N., R.N., C.Search for more papers by this author, PAMELA JONES, M.S.N., R.N., C.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-1-165_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the September issue, Allman and colleagues (1) describe a cross-sectional survey of hospitalized patients and factors associated with these patients having a pressure sore in the hospital. They suggest that hypoalbuminemia, fecal incontinence, and fractures may identify patients at greatest risk for pressure sores.During our 1983 study of 55 hospitalized patients with pressure sores, we also noted hypoalbuminemia (in 27 patients) and fecal incontinence (in 44 patients) as highly prevalent in these patients (2). However, we did not find a high prevalence of fractures. We did note that bed positioning was limited for 53 patients...References1. ALLMANLAPRADENOEL RCL. Pressure sores among hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:337-41. LinkGoogle Scholar2. JONESMILLMAN PA. Pressure sores, length of stay, and mortality in a VA hospital [Abstract]. Gerontologist. 1984;24(sp issue): 113. Google Scholar3. JONESMILLMAN PA. A three part system to combat pressure sores. Geriatr Nurs. 1986;7(2):78-82. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1987Volume 106, Issue 1Page: 165-165KeywordsGeriatricsIncontinencePressure ulcers Issue Published: 1 January 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE COLLAR OF VENUS: MELANOLEUKODERMA COLLI OF SYPHILIS
Authors: HERMAN GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Hardy, in 1853, under the designation of "syphilide pigmentaire du col," was the first to describe the condition of melanoleukoderma colli, or supposed pigmentary syphilid. The condition has also acquired the name of "venereal collar," or "collar of Venus." The most usual time for the appearance of melanoleukoderma colli is in the first or second year of the syphilitic process. Ordinarily it is limited to the neck and the immediately adjacent cutaneous surface; very rarely it is present on the face and forehead or the chest, trunk and thighs. It is considered a rare manifestation of syphilis, but when present is pathognomonic for the disease. It occurs most frequently in women, and dark haired people show it more often than blonds. The locations other than the neck are affected more in males than in females. The younger women are usually the known subjects of this discoloration, but it should be
A Note upon the Use of the Mullein Plant in the Treatment of Pulmonary Consumption
Authors: F. J. B. Quinlan
Journal: BMJ (1883)

FROM time immemorial, the Verbascum thapsus, or great Mullein, has been a trusted popular remedy, in Ireland, for the treatment of the above formidable malady.It is a wild plant-most persons would call it a weed-found in many parts of the United Kingdom; and, according to Sowerby's British Botany, vo.vi, page 110, is " mther
Tall Tales and Imaginary Companions
Authors: Warren F. Gorman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A CONSULTING psychiatrist would not be surprised to read of a woman in Virginia who was hypnotized by her husband and then gave a remarkable story, in rather poor German, that she was Gretchen Gottlieb, a German girl who died 100 years ago under dramatic circumstances. But competent authorities were unable to verify the tale. It recalled the saga of Bridey Murphy. In 1952, a Colorado woman revealed under hypnosis that she was Bridey, who lived and died in 19th century Ireland, but who turned out, alas, to be an unverified or a falsified character. There is nothing surprising about these stories, because all of us have a touch of the desire to prevaricate, which is rendered harmless almost all of the time in most of us by our conscious and unconscious controls.  At one end of the spectrum, we see people who live a lie, falsifying and distorting any
Randomized Comparison of Primary Coronary Angioplasty With Thrombolytic Therapy in Low Risk Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Felix Zijlstra, Willem P Beukema, Arnoud W.J van’t Hof, Aylee Liem, Stoffer Reiffers, Jan C.A Hoorntje, Harry Suryapranata, Menko-Jan de Boer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Mycobacterium xenopi Infections in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: V. Ausina
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

To the Editor: Several cases of infection due to Mycobacterium xenopi have been reported (1, 2). This organism has been cultured frequently in samples from hot-water generators and storage tanks of hospitals, and has caused some cases of nosocomial disease (2). Three cases of disseminated disease have been described (3-5), two of which occurred in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (3, 5). We report two cases of disseminated M. xenopi nosocomial infections in patients with AIDS. From 1986 to 1987, 258 strains of M. xenopi were isolated from sputa, urine, bronchial washings, stools, lung tissue, and other clinical
Transcriptional Inactivation of STAT3 by PPARγ Suppresses IL-6-Responsive Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Li Hua Wang, Xiao Yi Yang, Xiaohu Zhang, Jiaqiang Huang, Jian Hou, Jie Li, Hong Xiong, Kelly Mihalic, Heming Zhu, Weihua Xiao, William L. Farrar
Journal: Immunity (2004)
Scanning of Polypoid Gallbladder Lesions by Ultrasonic Microprobes Using Transpapillary Catheterization
Authors: N. Uchida, T. Ezaki, S. Hirabayashi, A. Minami, H. Fukuma, H. Matsuoka, S. Watanabe, S. A. Morshed, M. Nishioka, Y. Ikeda, T. Higashijima, M. Kozeki, M. Matsuoka, T. Nakatsu
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder can be diagnosed by transabdominal ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasonography. However, the image resolution is limited, and the histopathology of these lesions is difficult to determine. We report here on our preliminary results in four patients using a high-frequency (20 MHz) ultrasonic microprobe introduced into the gallbladder via the transpapillary approach.Insertion of the microprobe into the gallbladder through the papilla of Vater was attempted in four patients with gallbladder diseases without preceding endoscopic sphincterotomy.The lesions in the gallbladder were clearly visualized in three of the four patients. We tried to correlate the characteristic ultrasound findings with the histopathology of the lesions, which were found to be early cancer, adenoma, and adenomyomatosis on histopathology of the specimens after cholecystectomy. No complications occurred.High-resolution endoscopic transpapillary ultrasonography of the gallbladder is feasible and safe, and may contribute to the diagnosis of gallbladder diseases, particularly of small polypoid lesions.
THE PRESUMPTIVE KAHN TEST
Authors: E. J. FITZGERALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1934)

Journal Article THE PRESUMPTIVE KAHN TEST Get access E. J. FITZGERALD, M.D., N.U.I. E. J. FITZGERALD, M.D., N.U.I. Assistant Medical Officer, Winwick Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 46, Issue 6, 1 June 1934, Pages 277–279, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1934.tb09780.x Published: 01 June 1934
Relief of Gastrointestinal Symptoms by Correcting Insulin Excess
Authors: Matthew C Riddle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

Persons with diabetes mellitus often have disordered gastrointestinal function, usually attributed to autonomic neuropathy. Hypoglycemia in persons taking insulin has been considered a possible result of anorexia and gastric atony, but not a potential cause of gastrointestinal symptoms. Three patients with diabetes developing before age 30 yr and of long duration had severe gastrointestinal complaints for 1–9 mo, with symptoms suggesting nocturnal hypoglycemia. All recovered rapidly with no specific treatment other than reduction of insulin doses. Studies identified no gastrointestinal pathology. These patients may represent a subgroup of persons with diabetic enteropathy, in whom recurrent hypoglycemia provokes a reversible derangement of gut function with accompanying symptoms.
Oral allergy syndrome to jackfruit (<i>Artocarpus integrifolia</i>)
Authors: B. Wüthrich, A. Borga, L. Yman
Journal: Allergy (1997)

A 30‐year‐old man from the Philippines with pollen allergy noted the appearance of oral allergy syndrome (OAS) after eating raw apple, raw peach, raw celery, and, recently, jackfruit ( Artocarpus integrifolia ), a tropical fruit which belongs to the Moraceae family (mulberry) and to the genus Artocarpus (breadfruit tree). Despite the patient's multiple sensitization in skin prick tests and in the Pharmacia CAP System to birch, grass, mugwort pollen, related fruits and vegetables, and jackfruit, in RAST‐inhibition studies neither rBet v 1 nor rBet v 2 (profilin), the well‐known cross‐reacting allergenic components in OAS, could inhibit the specific IgE response to jackfruit. Whether the reaction to jackfruit is specific or whether other pollen‐related, cross‐reacting allergenic components exist should be investigated further.