tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coloscopic Polypectomy in Diagnosis and Management of Cancerous Adenomas: An Individual and Multicentric Experience
Authors: F.P. Rossini, A. Ferrari, M. Spandre, S. Coverlizza
Journal: Endoscopy (1982)

Of 1696 endoscopically removed polyps in the authors' series 62% were adenomas and 31 showed invasive carcinoma. 8 patients were not available for follow-up, and 7 underwent surgical resection with negative findings. There was no evidence of recurrent cancer in the remaining 16 over a 1-6 year span of follow-up, although one unrelated rectal carcinoma and an adenoma were found. By combining the data of 10 Italian Centres, 44 further patients were available, who had had endoscopic polypectomy as the only management of cancerous adenomas, adding no additional example of recurrent carcinoma. It is concluded that endoscopic polypectomy can, providing strict histological criteria are satisfied, provide definitive resection of some cancerous adenomas. A detailed follow-up regime including physical examination, occult blood testing, repeated endoscopy, paired tumour antigen levels and ultrasonography has been used to confirm the absence of recurrence in our series.
Most maternal deaths are caused by deterioration in unrelated medical conditions
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Two thirds of women who die during pregnancy or shortly afterwards do not die from complications of pregnancy but from other medical conditions—such as heart disease, neurological conditions, or mental health problems—that have deteriorated because they were not well controlled, a report has shown.1

From 2009 to 2012, 357 women in the United Kingdom died during their pregnancy or within six weeks of it ending. Of these deaths, 36 were coincidental and 321 related to pregnancy complications and other medical causes, said the report from the MBRRACE-UK programme (Mothers and Babies: Reducing Risk through Audits and Confidential Enquiries across the UK), led by researchers at the University of Oxford. Death rates were higher in women who were older, from deprived areas, or born outside the UK.

The rate of maternal deaths in the UK dropped from 11.39 in 100 000 women giving birth in 2006-08, to …
Letter: Screening for rickets.
Authors: S A Haider
Journal: BMJ (1974)

common pathogens in an inmnunosuppressive environment.The choice of antibiotics in our case was governed by the sensitivity pattern of the initially unidentified Gram-positive bacillus.It was felt necessary to continue antibiotics until the brain-scan and E.E.G. had reverted to normal.In view of poEsible toxicity with long-term gentamicin the patient was dis- charged on ampicillin-thought by some authorities to be the antibiotic of choice in listeria infections.23Both in initial diagnosis and in assessing improvement the brain-scan proved invaluable as a non-invasive tech- nique.-Weare, etc.,
Treponemal Antigens in Congenital and Acquired Syphilitic Nephritis
Authors: SEAN O'REGAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Two patients, a 4-month-old infant girl with congenital syphilis and a 45-year-old man with secondary syphilis, had the nephrotic syndrome with glomerulonephritis. Immunoglobulins and treponemal antigenic material were seen in the glomeruli of both patients by immunofluorescence microscopic studies of renal tissue. Electron micrographs showed subepithelial electron dense deposits along the glomerular basement membrane. This confirms earlier suggestions that the renal injury is of an immune-complex type.
On a Case of Cystitis of Three Years' Duration due to the Typhoid Bacillus
Authors: T. Houston
Journal: BMJ (1899)

TABLE III.-Showing the Relative Frequency of Each Error in all Cases of Narmal and Subnormal Vision (Cases 398).Boysã iid Per Boys.Per Girls.Per Girls.' Cent.Cenit.Cent.Hypermetropia ... .
Has the profession lost control of medical education?
Authors: C. C. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THERE ARE two fundamental questions concerning medical education: Who is making the major decisions about medical education and how are these decisions being reached? Most of us have ready answers for both questions. We believe that the profession itself has always guided medical education, and we can name a host of councils, liaison committees, associations, and federations that represent the leadership in the field. In answer to the second question, most of us would defend the idea that decisions are arrived at through a process that involves a continuing and thorough assessment of the state of the education system, the quality of its product, and the needs of society. In essence, we would say that medical education is in the hands of the profession and that the profession is exercising this responsibility with great care. The trouble is that these answers are wrong. They assume a stewardship of medical education
Court ruling expected soon in alcoholism case
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1988)

IN THE NEAR FUTURE—probably before summer—the US Supreme Court is expected to rule on a case involving two veterans denied extension of educational benefits because of alcoholism. The Veterans Administration, in denying the benefits, maintains that—in these two cases—alcoholism is willful misconduct and consequently the extension should be disallowed. The case has excited widespread interest, since it initially appeared the court was going to rule whether alcoholism is the result of willful misconduct, as the Veterans Administration claims, or is a disease, as physicians have maintained for three decades. In fact, however, the court's decision is more likely to be made on very much narrower grounds, at least in the view of those arguing the case. "Before argument, there was a lot of publicity over the notion that the Supreme Court was finally going to decide on whether alcoholism is a disease or not. Well, the court is just not
Endovascular Low-Dose Irradiation Inhibits Neointima Formation After Coronary Artery Balloon Injury in Swine
Authors: Ron Waksman, Keith A. Robinson, Ian R. Crocker, Michael B. Gravanis, Gustavo D. Cipolla, Spencer B. King
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty remains a major limitation of the long-term success of this procedure. Restenosis is a form of wound healing. Low-dose ionizing radiation has been effective in inhibiting exuberant wound healing responses in a variety of clinical situations. Methods and Results Vascular neointimal lesions resembling human restenosis were created in the coronary arteries of normal pigs by overstretch balloon angioplasty injury. To test the effect of low-dose endovascular gamma radiation on lesion formation, a high-activity 192 Ir source was introduced into one of the injured arteries in each animal and left in place for a period sufficient to deliver one of three doses: 350, 700, or 1400 cGy. To test potential benefits of delayed irradiation, 700 cGy was given in another group 2 days after injury. Animals were killed 14 days after balloon injury and the coronary vasculature was pressure-perfusion fixed. To test the late effect and safety of endovascular low-dose irradiation, 700 or 1400 cGy was given in miniswine coronary arteries after injury as well as in noninjured carotid arteries; this group was followed up for 6 months. Tissue sections were measured by computer-assisted planimetry. All arteries treated with radiation demonstrated significantly decreased neointima formation compared with control arteries. The ratio of intimal area–to–medial fracture length (IA/FL) was inversely correlated with the different radiation doses: control, 0.59; 350 cGy, 0.38; 700 cGy, 0.42; and 1400 cGy, 0.17 ( r =−0.75, P &lt;.0001). Delay of 700-cGy irradiation for 2 days after injury significantly decreased neointima formation compared with the same dose given immediately after injury. Analysis of long-term specimens showed reduction of IA/FL in the arteries irradiated with 700 cGy (0.3, P =.009) and 1400 cGy (0.31, P =.001) compared with control arteries (0.50). There was no excess fibrosis in the media, adventitia, or perivascular space of the coronary arteries or adjacent myocardium in pigs that received radiation compared with control animals. Conclusions Low-dose intracoronary irradiation delivered to the site of coronary arterial overstretch balloon injury in pigs inhibited subsequent intimal thickening (hyperplasia). A dose-response relationship was demonstrated, and delay of treatment for 48 hours appeared to augment the inhibitory effect. Six months of follow-up without fibrosis or arteriosclerosis demonstrated the durability of the beneficial effect in the treated group. These data suggest that intracoronary irradiation therapy may aid in preventing clinical restenosis.
Elevated Lactate Levels in a Non–Critically Ill Patient
Authors: Meng Chen, Tiffany Y. Kim, Antonio M. Pessegueiro
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of metals on mutagenesis and DNA repair.
Authors: T G Rossman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Unlike the situation with organic compounds, metals do not show a high correlation between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. An agent may be mutagenic by causing misreplication of DNA due to alterations of the DNA template, decreased fidelity of DNA polymerase, or inhibition of the proofreading of DNA replication. In addition, bacteria have an inducible, error-prone DNA repair system (SOS repair) whose activity results in mutagenesis. In the best studied example of metal mutagenesis, chromate, there is little evidence for the involvement of the SOS system. Metals may act as comutagens by inhibiting the repair of damage to DNA caused by another agent. This has been demonstrated for arsenite. Comutagens would not be detected by standard screening methods.
Hormonal influence on reticular erythematous mucinosis
Authors: R.U. Sidwell, N. Francis, C.B. Bunker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Hormonal influence on reticular erythematous mucinosis Get access R.U. Sidwell, R.U. Sidwell Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Francis, N. Francis Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.B. Bunker C.B. Bunker Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 3, 1 March 2001, Pages 633–634, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04105.x Published: 01 March 2001
Should we be screening for and treating amblyopia?
Authors: G. N Dutton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Evidence shows some benefit 

In 1981 the award of the Nobel prize for medicine for the discovery of the pathophysiology of amblyopia marked a turning point in the management of children with this condition.1 Recognition that early visual experience is essential for the development of the visual brain has fundamentally changed the way we manage disorders that interfere with image formation in the eye during early life. For example, very early screening, detection, and intervention for sight threatening congenital cataract2 has practically eliminated this condition as a cause of long term visual impairment in the developed world.

People looking after children with amblyopia often see improvement of vision after patching of the good eye and no improvement (or even deterioration) in children whose patching is not carried out as recommended,3 but the lack of controlled trials led to the recommendation that a randomised controlled …
Effect of platelet activating factor (PAF) on the migration of human lymphocytes.
Authors: R G McFadden, M A Bishop, A N Caveney, L J Fraher
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--There is growing evidence to suggest the importance of the lymphocyte in the pathogenesis of asthma, particularly in the late phase reactions and ongoing bronchial hyperreactivity. Platelet activating factor (PAF) has also been identified as a potentially important mediator in asthma. METHODS--The migration of human peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from normal volunteers in response to PAF and the effect of PAF antagonists was studied in a well standardised in vitro assay using nitrocellulose micropore filters in a microchemotaxis chamber. RESULTS--PAF is a potent stimulus to in vitro human lymphocyte migration; at an optimal concentration of 1 nM it augmented lymphocyte chemokinesis to 310% (SE 33%) of control values. The response to PAF appears to be specific since lyso-PAF and other related membrane phospholipids had no effect. PAF-induced migration could be abrogated by specific PAF receptor antagonists such as WEB 2086 (100 nM), and was partially blocked by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor flurbiprofen at a concentration of 1 microM. CONCLUSIONS--PAF stimulates the in vitro migration of human lymphocytes through a specific PAF receptor. Part of the response may be due to the generation of cyclooxygenase products. PAF may play a part in the recruitment of lymphocytes to asthmatic airways.
Report on <i>E coli</i> outbreak recommends review of guidance
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A report into an outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157 in south Wales last year, in which one child died and 33 people needed hospital treatment, has made a range of recommendations aimed at preventing a recurrence. The recommendations include a call for the review of guidance to businesses that handle meat.

The review of the outbreak, which was carried out by the acting chief medical officer for Wales, David Salter, assessed the relevant systems and processes in place before and during the outbreak. The report, which was published last week, called on the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA), which is responsible for aspects of public health related to …
Martyrdom redefined: Self-destructive killers and vulnerable narcissism
Authors: Leonardo Bobadilla
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Lankford shows that suicide terrorists have much in common with maladjusted persons who die by suicide. However, what differentiates suicidal killers from those who “only” commit suicide? A key element may be vulnerable narcissism. Narcissism has been simultaneously linked to interpersonal aggression, achievement, and depression. These traits may explain the paradoxical picture of a person who may appear “normal” in some aspects, and yet hate himself and others so intensely as to seek mutual destruction.
Arachidonic acid metabolites and enzyme transcripts in asthma are altered by cigarette smoking
Authors: N. C. Thomson, R. Chaudhuri, M. Spears, C. M. Messow, S. Jelinsky, G. Miele, K. Nocka, E. Takahashi, O. J. Hilmi, M. C. Shepherd, D. K. Miller, C. McSharry
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Arachidonic acid metabolites are implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma although only limited information is available on the impact of current smoking history on these metabolites. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of smoking status on urinary, sputum, and plasma eicosanoid concentrations and relevant enzyme transcripts in asthma. Methods In 108 smokers and never smokers with asthma and 45 healthy controls [smokers and never smokers], we measured urinary tetranor prostaglandin (PG)D 2 (PGDM) and leukotriene (LT)E 4 , induced sputum fluid LTB 4 , LTE 4 , PGD 2 , and PGE 2 , plasma secretory phospholipase A 2 ( sPLA 2 ), and 11β prostaglandin F 2α (11βPGF 2α ), and, in a subgroup with severe asthma, airway leukocyte and epithelial cell mRNA expression levels of arachidonic acid metabolic enzymes. Results Smokers with asthma had higher urinary LTE 4 ; 83 (59, 130) vs 59 (40, 90) pg/mg creatinine, P = 0.008, and PGDM ; 60 (35, 100) vs 41 (28, 59) ng/mg creatinine, P = 0.012 concentrations, respectively, and lower sputum PGE 2 concentrations 80 (46, 157) vs 192 (91, 301) pg/ml, P = 0.001 than never smokers with asthma. Sputum LTB 4 ( P = 0.013), and plasma 11β PGF 2α ( P = 0.032), concentrations, respectively, were increased in smokers with asthma compared with healthy smokers. Asthma‐specific and smoking‐related increases (&gt;1.5‐fold expression) in arachidonate 15‐lipoxygenase and gamma‐glutamyltransferase transcripts were demonstrated. Conclusions Several arachidonic acid metabolites and enzyme transcripts involving both lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways are increased in smokers with asthma and differ from never smokers with asthma. Possibly targeting specific lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways that are activated by asthma and cigarette smoking may optimize therapeutic responses.
The epidermal growth factor receptor ligand amphiregulin is a negative regulator of hepatic acute-phase gene expression
Authors: Ana Pardo-Saganta, Maria Ujue Latasa, Josefa Castillo, Laura Alvarez-Asiain, María J. Perugorría, Pablo Sarobe, Carlos M. Rodriguez-Ortigosa, Jesús Prieto, Carmen Berasain, Mónica Santamaría, Matías A. Avila
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Characterization of Extensive Genetic Alterations in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Molecular Analysis
Authors: D. S. Murphy, S. F. Hoare, J. J. Going, E. E. A. Mallon, W. D. George, S. B. Kaye, R. Brown, D. M. Black, W. N. Keith
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Characterization of Extensive Genetic Alterations in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Molecular Analysis Get access Dermot S. Murphy, Dermot S. Murphy CRC Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stacey F. Hoare, Stacey F. Hoare CRC Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James J. Going, James J. Going Department of Pathology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elizabeth E. A. Mallon, Elizabeth E. A. Mallon Department of Pathology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. David George, W. David George Department of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stanley B. Kaye, Stanley B. Kaye CRC Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Brown, Robert Brown CRC Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald M. Black, Donald M. Black Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson Laboratories Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Nicol Keith W. Nicol Keith CRC Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson LaboratoriesBearsden, Scotland W. Nicol Keith, Ph.D., CRC Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research Campaign Beatson Laboratories, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 22, 15 November 1995, Pages 1694–1704, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.22.1694 Published: 15 November 1995 Article history Received: 22 March 1995 Revision received: 28 August 1995 Accepted: 31 August 1995 Published: 15 November 1995
Interstate Reciprocity in License to Practice
Authors: H. E. Dunlop
Journal: JAMA (1910)

To the Editor:—  The subject of interstate medical reciprocity is perhaps trite but is one, I am afraid, which will constantly recur until it is settled right and to the satisfaction of higher-class graduates of from ten to twenty-live years' standing. At present the bulk of the state laws are entirely in favor of the inexperienced tyro and the compend brigade. I am thoroughly in favor of good, stringent laws calling for high preliminary and professional requirements and I do not think any older practitioner should expect reciprocity unless he has above the average attainments which were in vogue at the time of his graduation. It is not to be expected that any physician of many years' standing, no matter how good a school he came from or how good his previous education, can successfully complete a state board examination on those fundamentals which he has long since forgotten save