tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Future Directions in Early Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Research
Authors: Bonnie W. Ramsey, Susan Banks-Schlegel, Frank J. Accurso, Richard C. Boucher, Garry R. Cutting, John F. Engelhardt, William B. Guggino, Christopher L. Karp, Michael R. Knowles, Jay K. Kolls, John J. LiPuma, Susan Lynch, Paul B. McCray, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Pradeep K. Singh, Eric Sorscher, Michael Welsh
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Since the 1989 discovery that mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF), there has been substantial progress toward understanding the molecular basis for CF lung disease, leading to the discovery and development of new therapeutic approaches. However, the earliest impact of the loss of CFTR function on airway physiology and structure and its relationship to initial infection and inflammation are poorly understood. Universal newborn screening for CF in the United States represents an unprecedented opportunity for investigating CF clinical manifestations very early in life. Recently developed animal models with pulmonary phenotypic manifestations also provide a window into the early consequences of this genetic disorder. For these reasons, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) convened a working group of extramural experts, entitled "Future Research Directions in Early CF Lung Disease" on September 21-22, 2010, to identify future research directions of great promise in CF. The priority areas identified included (1) exploring pathogenic mechanisms of early CF lung disease; (2) leveraging newborn screening to elucidate the natural history of early lung disease; (3) developing a spectrum of biomarkers of early lung disease that reflects CF pathophysiology, clinical outcome, and response to treatment; (4) exploring the role of genetics/genomics (e.g., modifier genes, gene-environmental interactions, and epigenetics) in early CF pathogenesis; (5) defining early microbiological events in CF lung disease; and (6) elucidating the initial airway inflammatory, remodeling, and repair mechanisms in CF lung disease.
Response to Comment on: Draznin et al. Pathways to Quality Inpatient Management of Hyperglycemia and Diabetes: A Call to Action. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1807–1814
Authors: Boris Draznin, Janice Gilden, Sherita H. Golden, Silvio Inzucchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

e are pleased to hear from our British colleagues who agreed with our call to action to engage in more clinical research in order to generate data supporting the benefit of glycemic control in hospitalized patients with diabetes (1,2).This paucity of clinical evidence was indeed the impetus for organizing our consortium PRIDE (Planning Research in Inpatient Diabetes).It is gratifying to learn that three major U.K. diabetes associations developed and posted online a series of national guidelines on management of inpatient diabetes (3).A similar effort in the U.S.
A case of peplomycin-induced scleroderma
Authors: Y. Asano, H. Ihn, J. Shikada, T. Kadono, K. Kikuchi, K. Tamaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article A case of peplomycin‐induced scleroderma Get access Y. Asano, Y. Asano Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Ihn, H. Ihn Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Hironobu Ihn. E‐mail: IN‐DER@h.u‐tokyo.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Shikada, J. Shikada Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Kadono, T. Kadono Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Kikuchi, K. Kikuchi Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Tamaki K. Tamaki Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 150, Issue 6, 1 June 2004, Pages 1213–1214, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05969.x Published: 01 June 2004
Relation of Leg Hair Loss To Arteriosclerosis
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: JAMA (1970)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— Melvin F. Johnson, Jr. MD, asks Is there a relation between leg hair loss and arteriosclerosis? and Albert M. Kligman, MD, answers that aside from the loss of the fine hairs on the dorsum of the toes late in severe arteriosclerosis obliterans, hair growth on the legs has no correlation with any kind of arteriosclerotic disease (212:328, 1970).I differ with Dr. Kligman's answer. I and many others have noted the rapid disappearance of hair on the leg and dorsum of the foot in acute ischemia of the extremity. This is not an uncommon occurrence in acute thrombotic or embolic occlusions. It has even been observed in acute arterial occlusive episodes of thromboangiitis obliterans. As the arterial circulation recovers, hair returns.Acute occlusive episodes are more common in arteriosclerosis obliterans.In addition, it is a common observation that leg hair and hair over the dorsum of
Selective inhibition of growth factor-dependent human B cell proliferation by monoclonal antibody AB1 to an antigen expressed by activated B cells.
Authors: L K Jung, S M Fu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

A monoclonal antibody, AB1, was established with activated human B cells as immunogen. AB1 stained activated B cells but not activated T cells. Its selective reactivity to activated B cells was further documented by its nonreactivity to activated T cells, resting T and B cells, monocytes, granulocytes, bone marrow cells, leukemic cells, and cells from cell lines of T, B, and myeloid lineages. Upon activation, the antigen appeared on B cells as early as 3-4 h after stimulation and was fully expressed by 38 h. The expression of this antigen was not dependent on the presence of B cell stimulatory factor(s). Anti-IgM antibodies by themselves induced its expression. AB1 inhibited B cell proliferation that was induced by a low dose anti-IgM antibody and conditioned medium containing B cell stimulatory factor. It did not inhibit B cell proliferation induced by either high doses of anti-IgM antibodies or by formalinized Staphylococcus aureus. It also failed to inhibit T cell mitogenesis. The possibility exists that this antigen is related to the receptor for B cell stimulatory factor.
The Myth of the Abortion Trauma Syndrome Revisited
Authors: Allan M. Josephson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Stotland would have us believe that Surgeon General C. Everett Koop, in his report to the President on abortion, stated that "the available scientific evidence did not demonstrate significant negative (or positive) mental health effects of abortion."<sup>1</sup>In other words, abortion has no effect on mental health. In fact, this was not Dr Koop's conclusion at all, and there is no such statement in his report. Quoting from Dr Koop's letter of January 9, 1989, to President Reagan: "[T]he data do not support<i>the premise that abortion does or does not cause or contribute to psychological problems</i>"<sup>2</sup>(emphasis added). That is, there were two premises considered: (1) abortion does cause or contribute to psychological problems, and (2) abortion does not cause or contribute to psychological problems. Reviews of the research findings did not adequately support premise 1. But neither did they support premise 2.
MAINTENANCE OF SKIN XENOGRAFTS OF WIDELY DIVERGENT PHYLOGENETIC ORIGIN ON CONGENITALLY ATHYMIC (NUDE) MICE
Authors: Dean D. Manning, Norman D. Reed, Charles F. Shaffer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Congenitally athymic (nude) mice accepted for their lifetime intact skin grafts from distantly related mammals (cat, human) and birds (chicken). They also failed to immunologically reject skin grafts from reptiles (lizards) and amphibians (tree frog), although the skin in these grafts underwent varying degrees of disorganization. A definitive role for the thymic defect in this failure to reject xenografts was established by showing that thymus implantation into nude mice enabled them to reject such foreign skin.
Venereal Causes of Cytomegalovirus Mononucleosis
Authors: Jane H. Chretien
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis developed in two men after sexual contact with a woman who had had a similar but medically unverified illness several months before. The CMV was cultured from the woman's urine and cervix. Evidence of recent infection with CMV was also found in a new sexual contact of one of the men. However, roommates of the infected patients remained well, and serologic evidence of CMV infection failed to develop. This small outbreak suggests that CMV may be acquired as a venereal infection that sometimes progresses to the mononucleosis syndrome.
<i>In Vivo</i> Imaging of Activated Estrogen Receptors <i>in Utero</i> by Estrogens and Bisphenol A
Authors: Josephine G. Lemmen, Roel J. Arends, Paul T. van der Saag, Bart van der Burg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Environmental estrogens are of particular concern when exposure occurs during embryonic development. Although there are good models to study estrogenic activity of chemicals in adult animals, developmental exposure is much more difficult to test. The weak estrogenic activity of the environmental estrogen bisphenol A (BPA) in embryos is controversial. We have recently generated transgenic mice that carry a reporter construct with estrogen-responsive elements coupled to luciferase. We show that, using this in vivo model in combination with the IVIS imaging system, activation of estrogen receptors (ERs) by maternally applied BPA and other estrogens can be detected in living embryos in utero. Eight hours after exposure to 1 mg/kg BPA, ER transactivation could be significantly induced in the embryos. This was more potent than would be estimated from in vitro assays, although its intrinsic activity is still lower than that of diethylstilbestrol and 17beta-estradiol dipropionate. On the basis of these results, we conclude that the estrogenic potency of BPA estimated using in vitro assays might underestimate its estrogenic potential in embryos.
Use of Alcohol and Opium by the Meo of Laos
Authors: JOSEPH WESTERMEYER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Understanding the use of addictive and other psychoactive drugs should be attempted in a variety of frameworks. In this study of alcohol and opium use among the Meo of Laos the author demonstrates that alcohol is employed within rigid social constraints and that alcoholism as such does not occur. Opium, a cash crop, is found in every home; many Meo smoke it, and a few become addicted to it. Studies such as this, using rigorous field methods, demonstrate the importance of the society-individual-drug triad.
Clinical and laboratory studies of inflammatory polyarthritis in patients with leprosy in Papua New Guinea.
Authors: S L Atkin, R R Welbury, E Stanfield, D Beavis, B Iwais, W C Dick
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

The results of a combined clinical and laboratory study in 55 patients throughout the leprosy spectrum are reported. Thirty one of these patients suffered from an inflammatory peripheral polyarthritis which has not been previously described and which was unassociated with the characteristics of erythema nodosum leprosum reactions or with Charcot's joints. alpha 2 Macroglobulin was raised significantly only in those patients with leprosy and arthritis.
HDM-2 inhibition suppresses expression of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2, and synergistically enhances gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Richard J. Jones, Veerabhadran Baladandayuthapani, Sattva Neelapu, Luis E. Fayad, Jorge E. Romaguera, Michael Wang, Rakesh Sharma, Dajun Yang, Robert Z. Orlowski
Journal: Blood (2011)
Influence of Pulmonary Arterial and Left Atrial Pressures on Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Authors: HANS G. BORST, MAURICE MCGREGOR, JAMES L. WHITTENBERGER, ERIK BERGLUND
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

A method has been developed by which flow to each lung, as well as pulmonary artery and left atrial pressures can be measured and varied at will. Vascular resistances were determined over a wide range of these variables. Both pressures have a marked effect on vascular resistances; the higher either pressure, the lower the resistances. This effect is most marked at low levels of pressure and flow. The absolute levels of the pressures, by affecting vascular distension, are major determinants of pulmonary vascular resistance.
Endogenous production of interleukin 15 by activated human monocytes is critical for optimal production of interferon-gamma by natural killer cells in vitro.
Authors: W E Carson, M E Ross, R A Baiocchi, M J Marien, N Boiani, K Grabstein, M A Caligiuri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes that constitutively express functional IL-2 receptors. We have shown that recombinant human IL-15 uses the IL-2 receptor to activate human NK cells and can synergize with recombinant human IL-12 to stimulate NK cell production of IFN-gamma in vitro. IFN-gamma production by NK cells is critical in the prevention of overwhelming infection by obligate intracellular microbial pathogens in several experimental animal models. Herein, we demonstrate that human monocytes produce IL-15 protein within 5 h of activation with LPS. Using an IL-15-neutralizing antiserum in a coculture of LPS-activated monocytes and NK cells, we demonstrate that monocyte-derived IL-15 is critical for optimal NK cell production of IFN-gamma. Endogenous IL-15 activates NK cells through the IL-2 receptor, and with endogenous IL-12, regulates NK cell IFN-gamma after monocyte activation by LPS. These in vitro studies are the first to characterize a function for endogenous IL-15, and as such, suggest an important role for IL-15 during the innate immune response. IL-15 may be an important ligand for the NK cell IL-2 receptor in vivo.
Abstract 1194: IDH1 mutant inhibitor induces cellular differentiation and offers a combination benefit with Ara-C in a primary human Idh1 mutant AML xenograft model
Authors: Kate Ellwood-Yen, Yue Chen, Fang Wang, Rene Lemieux, Janeta Popovici-Muller, Hua Yang, Kimberly Straley, Sung Choe, Marion Dorsch, Sam Agresta, David Schenkein, Scott Biller, Michael Su
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Somatic point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 have a gain-of-function neomorphic activity that converts alpha-ketoglutarate to the oncometabolite, R (-)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). Prospective studies of AML patients carrying IDH mutations have shown that intracellular concentrations of 2HG can range from 3-10 mM. This abnormal level of 2HG results in dysregulation of alpha-ketoglutarate dependent enzymes leading to alterations in the epigenetic state of hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells and functionally blocks their ability to fully differentiate. We have developed a potent and selective, orally available IDH1 mutant inhibitor AGI-14100, that is able to reduce intracellular 2HG concentrations to baseline levels found in wildtype cells. We next treated a primary human IDH1 (R132H)/FLT3-ITD mutant xenograft model with AGI-14100 either alone or in combination with Ara-c. In these studies, AGI-14100 alone significantly decreased tumor burden in the peripheral blood after 1 month of continuous BID treatment. In combination with a short-term, low-dose course of Ara-C, we also observed a decrease in the bone marrow tumor burden that was better than either treatment alone. Furthermore, this response was sustainable for &amp;gt;3 weeks even after dosing of both drugs had been terminated. Taken together, these data suggest that inhibition of mutant IDH1with AGI-14100 and low dose Ara-c could provide a combination benefit for patients with AML. Citation Format: Kate Ellwood-Yen, Yue Chen, Fang Wang, Rene Lemieux, Janeta Popovici-Muller, Hua Yang, Kimberly Straley, Sung Choe, Marion Dorsch, Sam Agresta, David Schenkein, Scott Biller, Michael Su. IDH1 mutant inhibitor induces cellular differentiation and offers a combination benefit with Ara-C in a primary human Idh1 mutant AML xenograft model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1194. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1194
Biomedical Informatics in the Education of Physicians
Authors: Edward H. Shortliffe
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NICE should have bigger role in guiding NHS, says report
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) should be expanded to enable it to assess all new drugs and treatments more quickly to set priorities about what care should be provided by the NHS in England and Wales, an independent think tank has recommended.

In its latest report the Institute for Public Policy Research looks at what policies are needed to sustain a high quality health service that is affordable but that also meets the public's increasingly higher expectations of what care should be provided. …
HIV testing in primary care
Authors: G. Bryce
Journal: BMJ (2009)

UK pilots will assess provider initiated “opt-out” testing strategies

The case for early diagnosis of HIV is compelling. Early treatment of HIV (when CD4+ cells are still >200/µl) has several benefits, both for the individual and for public health—it reduces associated morbidity and mortality and greatly reduces the potential for onward HIV transmission.1 Self awareness of HIV seropositivity can be a powerful prevention tool at an individual and community level. Evidence suggests that some people with HIV behave in a less risky manner shortly after they learn they are HIV positive.2 Early diagnosis and treatment is also cost effective, with direct care costs for late presenters (CD4+ cells <200/µl) estimated to be 200% higher than for early presenters.3

Despite medical advances in diagnosing and treating HIV, many people still present late with HIV infection.4 In 2005, about 20 000 residents of the United Kingdom were unaware that they were infected with HIV; almost half of them were men who have sex with men …
"Slick" cigarette packaging encourages children to smoke, UK charity says
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A cancer charity has launched a campaign for plain packaging on cigarettes warning how the tobacco industry is using branding techniques to lure the next generation of smokers.

Cancer Research UK released a film to highlight the “shocking impact” on children of tobacco companies’ “slick” marketing methods.

It shows that children, aged six to 11, describing their attraction to brightly coloured cigarette packs, which they associate with “nice” things, fun, and happiness.

The charity also published a report looking at the use of packaging by the tobacco industry as a marketing tool with an analysis of how teenagers respond to it.

It said there was a clear impact …
Transurethral Prostatectomy: Techniques, Hazards and Pitfalls
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Dr. Baumrucker's cautionary book gives good value. It deserves to be widely read in the specialty and in the profession and could be thumbed with profit by the general public. Although this is a sophisticated book, it does not take expertise to get the message. Transurethral resection is the siren of urology. It beguiles all men. For the afflicted, what more charming prospect than to be relieved by an operation that, no scalpel coming into play, is not really an operation at all! Dr. Baumrucker riddles this notion in the opening pages. The resectionist he adjures to regard TUR with an eye to catastrophe. Dr. Baumrucker offers the precepts he has been teaching generations of house officers. They are a demonstration of safeguards, errors, and limitations, presented with numerous, effective drawings. The first two chapters describe landmarks, the care and use of equipment, and a clever method of teaching resection
The Effects of Variations in Human Immune-Response Genes
Authors: Gerald T. Nepom
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

One of the most critical interactions that initiate an immune response is the genetically determined signal provided by molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of genes. The human MHC, termed the HLA region, includes HLA Class I (classic transplantation) genes as well as HLA Class II genes, the primary genetic regulators of the immune response. The concept that HLA Class II genes regulate responsiveness is relatively new, evolving from studies in the late 1960s and early 1970s demonstrating that certain strains of animals failed to respond to particular antigens to which other members of the species could respond. . . .
Death during play: a study of playground and recreation deaths in children.
Authors: J Nixon, J Pearn, I Wilkey
Journal: BMJ (1981)

administered by continuous intravenous infusion in the presence of impaired renal function.2We suggest that our patient developed a severe irreversible encephalopathy secondary to cephaloridine administration in the presence of acute renal failure, which may itself have been related to the drug.Recognition of the encephalopathic potential of cephaloridine is important, especially in the presence of impaired renal function.We thank Dr M K Ward for permission to report this case.