tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ACUTE URINARY SUPPRESSION FOLLOWING SULFADIAZINE THERAPY
Authors: J. W. Schulte
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Acute urinary suppression following the administration of sulfadiazine is rare but is a severe complication of use of the drug. The attendant development of uremia may lead to a fatal termination if urinary drainage is not reestablished immediately.  In a review of recent literature, urinary suppression from sulfadiazine has been reported but once. 1 Renal colic and both gross and microscopic hematuria have been mentioned not infrequently following its use. 2 So far, no cases of anuria following the administration of sulfanilamide have been reported.  The following is a report of a case in which acute urinary suppression developed following average doses of sulfadiazine: L. E., a white man aged 26, single, American, a night club operator, entered the surgical service Feb. 23, 1942 for removal of an orbital tumor on the left side. General physical examination was not remarkable. The blood pressure was 120 systolic and 80 diastolic. There
Are Coal-tar Derivatives Incompatible with Mercury?
Authors: J. C. Minor
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Hot Springs, Ark., May 15, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am interested in the above query. Some years ago, soon after the introduction of the coal tar derivatives as antipyretics, I yielded on several occasions to the inclination to prescribe what would seem a reasonable dose of calomel, soda and acetanilid, and in every instance noticed on the part of the patient an alarming distress. The toxic symptoms in each case being a marked griping of the bowels and an elevation of temperature followed by an alarming asthenic condition. I gave up the idea of combining calomel and acetanilid, until recently I was again tempted to use it in the case of a child 3 years old suffering with a gastro-intestinal disorder. Convulsions returned more severe with intense pain in bowels, increased tympanites and tenderness, the child dying from exhaustion. I do not think the dose killed the child,
Citizens' advice in general practice. A burden GPs could do without.
Authors: J S Chaggar
Journal: BMJ (1993)

the 120 experienced young patients interviewed, 13 (aged 8 to 15 years) said that they were the "main decider" about proposed surgery, and their parents agreed.Health professionals discussed the wish of certain children, aged from 7 years, to refuse or postpone treatment.This was respected in cases of proposed surgical leg lengthening, spinal fusion for scoliosis, amputation (of toes), heart-lung transplantation, and growth hormone treatment.Articles reporting empirical studies of child patients' decision making are more likely to further the spirit of the 1989 Children Act than is abstract debate.They would help to ensure that clinical practice is not unduly influenced by retiring judges, and that legal judgments are influenced by reasonable doctors3 in daily contact with young patients.
Association analysis of IL19, IL20 and IL24 genes in palmoplantar pustulosis
Authors: K. Kingo, R. Mössner, S. Kõks, R. Rätsep, U. Krüger, E. Vasar, K. Reich, H. Silm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Association analysis of IL19, IL20 and IL24 genes in palmoplantar pustulosis Get access K. Kingo, K. Kingo Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaCentre of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Mössner, R. Mössner Department of Dermatology, Georg‐August‐University, Göttingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Kõks, S. Kõks Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaCentre of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Correspondence: Sulev Kõks. E‐mail: Sulev.Koks@ut.ee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Rätsep, R. Rätsep Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaCentre of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. Krüger, U. Krüger Department of Dermatology, Georg‐August‐University, Göttingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Vasar, E. Vasar Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaCentre of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Reich, K. Reich Department of Dermatology, Georg‐August‐University, Göttingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Silm H. Silm Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 4, 1 April 2007, Pages 646–652, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07731.x Published: 01 April 2007
Hope for Haiti?
Authors: H Veeken
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Haiti, one of the world's five poorest nations, gets international attention because of the number of refugees who leave by boat in search of a better future. The 80,000 inhabitants of Ile de la Gonave are neglected, even in Haiti--there is no government medical post, and facilities in the health posts run by missions are minimal. Typhoid and cholera epidemics threaten the island. Médecins Sans Frontières plans to send staff and supplies and train local health workers.Medecins Sans Frontieres has spent a public health consultant to the Ile de la Gonave (80,000 inhabitants), an island off the coast of Port au Prince, Haiti, to determine whether the group could send health workers and supplies to the island and train local health workers. Life expectancy is 54 years, women bear 6.4 children, illiteracy stands at 75%, unemployment is 60%, and the mean yearly income/capita equals US$250. The island has no electricity and no telephones. The island's sole physician only has time to work at the island's only hospital (40 beds), run by US missionaries. The hospital's X-ray machine is inoperable and the laboratory is falling apart. The qualified laboratory technician at the hospital went to the US. The physician wants to train more nurses and start an outreach program so people on the other side of the island can receive medical care. A mission operates a health post served by nurses. It has no refrigerator, no electricity, no running water, and no instruments to extract teeth. The island has 4 health posts, all run by different religious groups, which do not tend to work together but do criticize each other. Sail boats transport referrals. Another health post in the mountains has some drinking water, but inadequate medical supplies. A sweating patient at the post had typhoid. This health post had already seen 3 other typhoid cases. Few latrines, very hard soil, and limited drinking water make conditions ripe for typhoid as well as for cholera, which had not yet arrived from Latin America. People stand in line at the mission well late at night to retrieve water. The public health consultant concludes that his group could assist the island as earlier described as well as set up a contingency plan to prepare for a cholera epidemic.
The Australian responds to Ray Moynihan and Melissa Sweet
Authors: C. Mathieson, A. Cresswell
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In his recent critique of the Health of the Nation series published by Australia’s national daily newspaper, The Australian , Ray Moynihan concludes with a plea that health reporting be done “fairly and accurately.”1 We agree and wish that he and fellow critic Melissa Sweet had held themselves to the same standards.2

Ms Sweet quoted Gary Schwitzer as claiming that the series—which was sponsored by the Australian pharmaceutical industry’s umbrella body, Medicines Australia—amounted to the “drug industry influencing public discussions in one more infectious way.” Mr Moynihan claimed that one of the deal’s “most insidious effects will be self-censorship—invisible, immeasurable, but chilling in its effect on the free flow of public debate.” No evidence was offered to support such assertions, which is not surprising because they are not true.

Two issues need to be considered. The first is …
Cardiac Auscultation Skills of Physicians in Training
Authors: Peter R. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I concur with Drs Mangione and Nieman<sup>1</sup>that cardiac auscultation is a valuable clinical skill that merits added structured teaching for medical students and residents. While their method represents an improvement over the multiplechoice testing that is common to medical school and licensing examinations, identification of digitized cardiac sounds and murmurs is not a sufficient measure of clinical competency for physicians in training. Furthermore, the authors' statements regarding generalist physicians and health care utilization are not supported by the data presented. In an earlier publication,<sup>2</sup>the authors cited a 1959 study by Butterworth and Reppert<sup>3</sup>and concluded that physicians in training today are less skilled in cardiac auscultation than their predecessors. However, comparison of the data is hampered because the assessment of Butterworth and Reppert was a matching exercise and included a different type and number of cardiac events. Pressing their point regarding the present erosion of
Physiologic Psychology of Neurosis
Authors: Mark D. Altschule
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

This Section is attended with much more Difficulty as to its Explanation, than any of the former; because the Propositions herein contained are not demonstrable in the same Manner as those which relate only to the Agency of physical Causes. For as it was before taken Notice of, the Operations of the Mind upon the Body, and è contra, do not come under a mechanical Way of reasoning; it being impossible to decypher and trace out the several Steps and Ways of Procedure of those Agents, which can by no means be brought under the Cognizance of our Senses. . . .
The Conservative Party's policies on health
Authors: C. Ham
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Markets not targets will be used to improve performance

With the United Kingdom general election less than a year away and opinion polls showing the Conservative Party well ahead of the Labour Party, there is increasing interest in the opposition’s health policies and their implications for the NHS.

The broad direction of the Conservatives’ thinking has been set out in a series of policy documents published in the period since David Cameron’s election as leader of the party in 2005.1 At the heart of this thinking is continuing support for a universal, comprehensive, tax funded NHS, alongside plans that are both different from and similar to those pursued by the Labour government.

One of the principal differences concerns the Conservatives’ commitment to distancing politicians from the day to day running of the NHS. This aim will be achieved through the establishment of an independent board made up of the NHS chief executive, his senior colleagues, and lay people serving in a non-executive capacity. The board will lead the management of the NHS within a framework of objectives set by the government and will report to parliament.

The creation of an NHS board is intended to enable the Department of Health to concentrate on public health issues in support of the stated aim of focusing on health outcomes rather than centrally imposed …
Double-balloon colonoscopy after failed conventional colonoscopy: a pilot series with a new instrument
Authors: G. Gay, M. Delvaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

The endoscopes that were developed for double-balloon enteroscopy have been successfully used in cases of failed colonoscopy. This study was a pilot series in which a new colonoscope was tested that utilized this double-balloon principle.A total of 29 patients (5 men, 24 women; mean age 54 years) in whom conventional colonoscopy had failed were included in this study. Both the failed colonoscopy and the double-balloon colonoscopy procedures were performed under general anesthesia, the usual practice in France. A prototype instrument (working length 152 cm, diameter 9.4 mm) designed to incorporate the principles of double-balloon enteroscopy was used. The completeness of colonoscopy was assessed according to conventional criteria by the achievement of a stable position in the cecum. The indicatons for the procedure, the time to reach the cecum, the need for fluoroscopic control, and adverse events were recorded.The previous colonoscopy failed due adhesions (n = 16), or to long or fixed loops (n = 13). Complete colonoscopy using the balloon method was achieved in 28/29 patients, taking an average time of 18 +/- 14 minutes; a long sigmoid loop limited the examination to the left flexure in one patient. Balloon colonoscopy using double-balloon methodology was used in 24 patients and the instrument was used without an overtube (i. e. using a single-balloon technique) in five patients. Fluoroscopy was used in 16 patients to monitor endoscope progression. No complications were reported.Double-balloon colonoscopy enables full colonic examination in almost all patients with a previous incomplete colonoscopy. The overtube should be used in most cases. The use of fluoroscopic assessment of scope progression could be reduced further with increasing experience.
Surfometry.
Authors: R. MARKS, A.D. PEARSE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

A method is described which enables measurement to be made of the roughness of the surfact of skin surface biopsies. The instrument used in this investigation has previously been employed to measure the degree of unevenness of metal and ceramic surfaces and is called a 'surfometer'. Using this technique the tracings that resulted from examination of normal skin, psoriasis and certain ichthyotic states could easily be distinguished. It was also demonstrated that there was a consistent pattern of change with increasing hydration of the stratum corneum in the absence of easily identifiable morphological alterations.
Peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation in relation to the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with Zellweger syndrome and other peroxisomal disorders.
Authors: R J Wanders, C W van Roermund, M J van Wijland, R B Schutgens, J Heikoop, H van den Bosch, A W Schram, J M Tager
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The peroxisomal oxidation of the long chain fatty acid palmitate (C16:0) and the very long chain fatty acids lignocerate (C24:0) and cerotate (C26:0) was studied in freshly prepared homogenates of cultured skin fibroblasts from control individuals and patients with peroxisomal disorders. The peroxisomal oxidation of the fatty acids is almost completely dependent on the addition of ATP, coenzyme A (CoA), Mg2+ and NAD+. However, the dependency of the oxidation of palmitate on the concentration of the cofactors differs markedly from that of the oxidation of lignocerate and cerotate. The peroxisomal oxidation of all three fatty acid substrates is markedly deficient in fibroblasts from patients with the Zellweger syndrome, the neonatal form of adrenoleukodystrophy and the infantile form of Refsum disease, in accordance with the deficiency of peroxisomes in these patients. In fibroblasts from patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy the peroxisomal oxidation of lignocerate and cerotate is impaired, but not that of palmitate. Competition experiments indicate that in fibroblasts, as in rat liver, distinct enzyme systems are responsible for the oxidation of palmitate on the one hand and lignocerate and cerotate on the other hand. Fractionation studies indicate that in rat liver activation of cerotate and lignocerate to cerotoyl-CoA and lignoceroyl-CoA, respectively, occurs in two subcellular fractions, the endoplasmic reticulum and the peroxisomes but not in the mitochondria. In homogenates of fibroblasts from patients lacking peroxisomes there is a small (25%) but significant deficiency of the ability to activate very long chain fatty acids. This deficient activity of very long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase is also observed in fibroblast homogenates from patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. We conclude that X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is caused by a deficiency of peroxisomal very long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase.
Identification of genes associated with tumor suppression in Syrian hamster embryo cells.
Authors: R W Wiseman, J C Montgomery, J Hosoi, E W Hou, C J Cochran, P W Lamb, J C Barrett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Loss of a tumor-suppressor gene function appears to play a critical role in the multistep process of neoplastic transformation of Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells in vitro. Clonal variants of two independent, preneoplastic cell lines have been isolated that have either retained (termed supB+) or lost (termed supB-) the ability to suppress the tumorigenicity of a highly malignant benzo[alpha]pyrene-transformed SHE cell line (BP6T) in cell hybrids. We have pursued several approaches in an attempt to identify genes that are responsible for tumor suppression in these cells. The only consistent differences detected in two-dimensional gel analyses of supB+ and supB- cellular proteins were decreases in the levels of two high molecular weight isoforms of tropomyosin in supB- cells. Differential screening of a supB+ cDNA library for genes that are preferentially expressed in supB+ cells yielded cDNA clones for four genes, i.e., collagen type II, collagen type IX, H19, and a previously unidentified gene (clone 5). Nuclear run-on assays suggested that higher transcription rates were responsible for the increased steady-state levels of some of these transcripts in supB+ cells. DNA sequence comparisons showed that two copies of a 9 bp element, previously identified in each of the mouse H19 enhancers, were also present in the 5' flanking region of the rat type II collagen gene. A transcription factor that controls expression of the collagen and H19 genes through binding to this conserved motif would be an attractive candidate for the supB+ gene or at least a mediator of the supB+ phenotype.
Response of factor V inhibitor to rituximab in a patient who received liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Eric Chun‐Yet Lian, Andreas G. Tzakis, David Andrews
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract A 43‐year‐old patient developed factor V inhibitor 6 months after liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis in association with Sjögren's syndrome/systemic lupus erythematosus. She suffered from ecchymoses in the lower extremities. The factor V inhibitor was eradicated after 10 weekly doses of 375–500 mg/m 2 rituximab. Am. J. Hematol. 77:363–365, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Munc13-2 And Munc13-4 Double Knock-out Attenuates The Defect Of Airway Mucin Secretion Over 13-2 Null In Murine Airway Metaplasia
Authors: J. Lee, Z. Azzegagh, L. Piccotti, P. Bathina, M.J. Tuvim, B.F. Dickey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Holmesian Observation Without Deduction
Authors: Martin L. Nusynowitz
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  At the risk of sustaining a compound fracture of the radius and ulna from patting myself on the back, I would like to relate an incident which points out that despite the sophistication of modern medical equipment, the eyeball, properly used, remains an excellent diagnostic tool.  A 40-year-old drug company detail man presented at the Endocrine-Radioisotope Clinic, William Beaumont General Hospital, to expound on the virtues of his wares. One good look and a handshake led to the inescapable conclusion that the gentleman was suffering from acromegaly; subsequent laboratory and radiologic studies confirmed the diagnosis. Questioning revealed that he had difficulty with his bite because he thought the lower teeth were moving forward and that his hands and feet had been enlarging over the years.  From the duration of symptoms and a review of old photographs it was determined that the (now) patient had had the disease
CHANGES IN THE TYPE OF CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS DIAGNOSED AT A TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTER: ONE IMPACT OF AN AGING POPULATION
Authors: Mathew S. Maurer, Farhana Latif, Susan Delisle, Stephen Helmke, Sergio Teruya, Taslima Bhuiyan, Say Salomon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Model-based evaluation of ipilimumab dosage regimen in patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: D. Dai, C. Wu, S. M. Parker, M. N. Jure-Kunkel, M. Pfister, D. Berman, A. Roy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9073 Background: Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that enhances antitumor immune response by selectively binding to cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expressed on activated T-cells, thereby preventing the inhibitory modulation of T-cell activation promoted by the CTLA-4/B7 interaction. Our objectives were (i) to characterize the extent and variability of ipilimumab exposure in patients with advanced melanoma, and (ii) to evaluate the proposed induction dose regimen in these patients of four 10 mg/kg doses every 3 weeks (Q3W). Methods: The analyses were performed with data collected from 3 monotherapy studies and included pharmacokinetic (PK), efficacy, and safety data from 419 patients, who were given ipilimumab induction doses that ranged between 0.3 and 10 mg/kg. Ipilimumab PK was characterized by a compartmental nonlinear mixed-effects model, which was applied to estimate individual measures of exposure. Dosage regimens were evaluated based on % patients attaining the target trough concentration of 20 μg/mL (which resulted in maximal blockade of CTLA-4 binding to B7–1 in a cell-based competition assay), and by exposure-response (E-R) relationships for efficacy and safety. Results: Ipilimumab PK was found to be linear and time-invariant in the dose range tested. The model estimated geometric mean of clearance was 14.9 mL/h with 34% between-subject variability. Ipilimumab clearance increases with increase in body weight, but does not appear to be affected by concomitant budesonide, prior IL-2 therapy, prior systemic therapy, sex, age, hepatic function (alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT) or renal function (GFR). The % of patients in the 0.3, 3 and 10 mg/kg groups with trough concentrations higher than the target value of 20 μg/mL were 0%, ∼30% and ∼95%, respectively. Exposure-response relationships were characterized for best overall tumor response and Gr3+ immune-related adverse events, and will be presented. Conclusions: Model-based assessment supports proposed 10 mg/kg Q3W induction dosage regimen in advanced melanoma patients over the 0.3 and 3 mg/kg regimens. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
The Color Cover Annual Report
Authors: F. P. Bornstein
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Please let me express to you my delight with the cover picture of your Thanksgiving issue (Nov 14, 1966). It is always nice to see something originally controversial become respectable in a relatively short time. There must be some people in your office with much gray hair, who can remember when Doris Lee's picture received a first award, with ensuing uproar, a little more than 30 years ago at the Art Institute of Chicago.