tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cyclophosphamide is a highly effective and safe induction therapy in chronic periaortitis: a long-term follow-up of 35 patients with chronic periaortitis
Authors: M Binder, M Uhl, T Wiech, F Kollert, J Thiel, J O Sass, U A Walker, H H Peter, K Warnatz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Chronic periaortitis is a fibro-inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology with histopathological and laboratory findings suggesting an IgG4-related sclerosing disease in a subgroup of patients.1,–,3 Due to its inflammatory character and associated autoimmune phenomena, different immunosuppressive regimens have been suggested for treatment.4,–,9

In this study, we retrospectively examined the response to immunosuppressive treatment of 35 patients with chronic periaortitis applying the same study design as before.5 Imaging studies were performed and serum IgG4 levels were measured both at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up. Retroperitoneal tissue was examined histologically in four patients. Emphasis has been placed on the evaluation of cyclophosphamide in the induction therapy and the hitherto unknown value of serum IgG4 measurements in disease monitoring.

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis of the imaging findings before and after induction therapy; for the remaining analyses, the Mann–Whitney U test was used. Data are reported as mean±SD or as median (range).

In 21 patients induction therapy was started with cyclophosphamide, and the remaining …
Muhammad Sadiq Khan
Authors: Anthony Johnston
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer consultant microbiologist Warwick Hospital (b 1934; q University of Punjab Nishtar Medical College 1961; FRCPath), died from a stroke on 24 December 2005.



Figure 1



Having come to England late in 1964 and completed his training in Manchester, Muhammad Sadiq Khan (“Sadiq”) opted for a post at Warwick in 1974, enthusiastic to practise clinical microbiology and set up a new department. Over the years he was justly proud of the low infection rates at Warwick. He was medical director from 1996 to 1999, when he retired. Outside work, his great joy was sweetpeas, and some of the new varieties he produced were acclaimed and commercially adopted. In retirement Sadiq helped to set up a charity to raise funds for a new microbiological service for the Al Shifa Eye Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He leaves a wife, Julia, and two daughters.
High prevalence of hepatitis C in Egyptian patients with chronic liver disease.
Authors: I A Waked, S M Saleh, M S Moustafa, A A Raouf, D L Thomas, G T Strickland
Journal: Gut (1995)

The highest prevalence rates of hepatitis C virus infection in the world have been recently reported among Egyptian blood donors and frequent recipients of transfusions and other blood products. This is the first report, however, demonstrating hepatitis C as the most frequent association with chronic liver disease in Egypt. Of 1023 patients referred to the Liver Institute in Menoufia governorate for evaluation of chronic liver disease, 752 (73.5%) had antibodies to hepatitis C compared with 168 (16.4%) with hepatitis B surface antigen. Hepatitis C antibody was more common in patients with active schistosomiasis and patients without hepatitis B surface antigenaemia. Of 100 patients having liver biopsies, histological findings consistent with chronic viral hepatitis or its complications were found in 89 and antibody to hepatitis C was present in 75 (84.3%) of these patients with chronic hepatitis, active cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. These data pointing to the importance of hepatitis C as a cause of chronic liver disease in Egypt emphasise the necessity of studies delineating its routes of transmission in this country.
GUNSHOT WOUNDS OF THE ABDOMEN; WITH CASES.Read in the Section of Surgery and Anatomy at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: DAVID BARROW
Journal: JAMA (1890)

J. G., æt. 15, was shot in the abdomen at 7 p.m. on February 8, 1890. The wound was one inch and a half to the left of and on line with the umbilicus, and was made by a 32-calibre ball. The pistol was discharged at close range. I saw him at tenP.M.He was then in bed with the lower extremities flexed; vomiting was frequent, and he complained of great abdominal pain; the facial expression was anxious, and the abdomen was hard and retracted; pulse was over a hundred and rather weak; shock was evident but not extreme. The wound was not probed, but it was plain that the cavity had been entered and all the symptoms pointed to visceral wounds. Laparotomy was indicated, and at eleven o'clock, by lamp light, I operated, assisted by Drs. Bryan, Keller and Scott. Chloroform was administered and several times during the
Abnormal factor VIII coagulant antigen in patients with renal dysfunction and in those with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Authors: M J Weinstein, L E Chute, G W Schmitt, R H Hamburger, K A Bauer, J H Troll, P Janson, D Deykin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Factor VIII antigen (VIII:CAg) exhibits molecular weight heterogeneity in normal plasma. We have compared the relative quantities of VIII:CAg forms present in normal individuals (n = 22) with VIII:CAg forms in renal dysfunction patients (n = 19) and in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC; n = 7). In normal plasma, the predominant VIII: CAg form, detectable by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was of molecular weight 2.4 X 10(5), with minor forms ranging from 8 X 10(4) to 2.6 X 10(5) D. A high proportion of VIII:CAg in renal dysfunction patients, in contrast, was of 1 X 10(5) mol wt. The patients' high 1 X 10(5) mol wt VIII: CAg level correlated with increased concentrations of serum creatinine, F1+2 (a polypeptide released upon prothrombin activation), and with von Willebrand factor. Despite the high proportion of the 1 X 10(5) mol wt VIII:CAg form, which suggests VIII:CAg proteolysis, the ratio of Factor VIII coagulant activity to total VIII:CAg concentration was normal in renal dysfunction patients. These results could be simulated in vitro by thrombin treatment of normal plasma, which yielded similar VIII:CAg gel patterns and Factor VIII coagulant activity to antigen ratios. DIC patients with high F1+2 levels but no evidence of renal dysfunction had an VIII:CAg gel pattern distinct from renal dysfunction patients. DIC patients had elevated concentrations of both the 1 X 10(5) and 8 X 10(4) mol wt VIII:CAg forms. We conclude that an increase in a particular VIII:CAg form correlates with the severity of renal dysfunction. The antigen abnormality may be the result of VIII:CAg proteolysis by a thrombinlike enzyme and/or prolonged retention of proteolyzed VIII:CAg fragments.
A novel role for factor VIII and thrombin/PAR1 in regulating hematopoiesis and its interplay with the bone structure
Authors: Anna Aronovich, Yaniv Nur, Elias Shezen, Chava Rosen, Yael Zlotnikov Klionsky, Irit Milman, Liran Yarimi, David Hagin, Gidi Rechavi, Uriel Martinowitz, Takashi Nagasawa, Paul S. Frenette, Dalit Tchorsh-Yutsis, Yair Reisner
Journal: Blood (2013)
TCT-886 Predictors of Vascular complications in patients undergoing Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty
Authors: Annapoorna Kini, Roxana Mehran, Nilusha Gukathasan, Ziad Sergie, Mauricio Cohen, Jennifer Yu, Usman Baber, Samantha Sartori, Robert Pyo, Kleanthis Theodoropoulos, Roja Thapi, Elliot Elias, Socrates Kakoulides, Evan Jocobs, David Knopf, Jason Kovacic, Raj Vadde, Brian O'Neill, Samin Sharma, George Dangas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cervical screening and government policy.
Authors: B. W. Codling, A. Bigrigg
Journal: BMJ (1989)

family to be in excess of that in his two brothers.We counted all moles (incluiding those <3 mm and ¢3 mm diameter) in the patient, his identical twin, and his other brother aged 16 years (table) and observed an excess of moles in the patient.All three brothers had identical skin types and had had the same lifestyle and exposure to sun in that all had spent their earl childhood in Germanx, four weeks in Hong Kong and two weeks in Spain, but the rest of their lives in the United Kingdom.Nu mbers oJ moles in the threev siblitlgs Patient Idenitical twin Brother
Cyclophosphamide Augments Antitumor Immunity: Studies in an Autochthonous Prostate Cancer Model
Authors: Satoshi Wada, Kiyoshi Yoshimura, Edward L. Hipkiss, Tim J. Harris, Hung-Rong Yen, Monica V. Goldberg, Joseph F. Grosso, Derese Getnet, Angelo M. Demarzo, George J. Netto, Robert Anders, Drew M. Pardoll, Charles G. Drake
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

To study the immune response to prostate cancer, we developed an autochthonous animal model based on the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mouse in which spontaneously developing tumors express influenza hemagglutinin as a unique, tumor-associated antigen. Our prior studies in these animals showed immunologic tolerance to hemagglutinin, mirroring the clinical situation in patients with cancer who are generally nonresponsive to their disease. We used this physiologically relevant animal model to assess the immunomodulatory effects of cyclophosphamide when administered in combination with an allogeneic, cell-based granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting cancer immunotherapy. Through adoptive transfer of prostate/prostate cancer-specific CD8 T cells as well as through studies of the endogenous T-cell repertoire, we found that cyclophosphamide induced a marked augmentation of the antitumor immune response. This effect was strongly dependent on both the dose and the timing of cyclophosphamide administration. Mechanistic studies showed that immune augmentation by cyclophosphamide was associated with a transient depletion of regulatory T cells in the tumor draining lymph nodes but not in the peripheral circulation. Interestingly, we also noted effects on dendritic cell phenotype; low-dose cyclophosphamide was associated with increased expression of dendritic cell maturation markers. Taken together, these data clarify the dose, timing, and mechanism of action by which immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide can be translated to a clinical setting in a combinatorial cancer treatment strategy.
The Lloyd Roberts Lecture ON ATTIC SALT FOR GALL STONES: Delivered at Manchester, October, 1924
Authors: J. Bland-Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1924)

A CHANCE observation in niatural historyv by a bov mnay influence him in a paiticilar linle of study.Mv fatlle, learninig that pearls occur in freslhwvater mussels, led us to collect from the moat a bushel of muussels, and after care- fully searching themn lie found onie l)earl as big as a grain of mustard seed.This simple experience quiickened in me an interest in animal concretioins, especially pearls, bezoars, aegagropiles (Fig. 1), and filsally gall stones.The miiuseulm of the Royal College of Surgeons of Eniglanid possesses a large collection of aiiimal concIretiolms whli1 was well ulis- played and admirably catalogued by-Thoma1 Taylor in 1845. It contains amonig other thinigs:Gall stones fromn women, men, and apes, Enteroliths from cows and snakes; Vesical stones from cats and dogs, And calculi from boys and hogs.Oat-hair concretions found in mnan, Bezoars from wild-goat, calf, and ram; Egagropiles of many styles, From women, girls, and crocodiles.Bezoars and enteroliths have ani interest for manikind.They form in the alimentary canal of miiammals, birds, reptiles, amiiphibia, and fishes.They are commoni in goats, calves, and horses, especially miiller s' hlorses.A foreigni body such as a chlip of wood, or metal, a button, iiail, or fruit-stone, serves as a nucleus and , S becomes embedded in hair-s wlhichi mammals lick from their skins and swallow.In many instances the foreign-i body is encased in a deposit of triple phosphates whiclh for ms a hard stonie- ball.The deposit is often arranged in
Adolescent soma and psyche.
Authors: D Black
Journal: BMJ (1985)

this complication may be kept to a minimum by overhydra- tion before treatment or by occluding the ureters during instillation with Fogarty balloon embolectomy catheters.'"Steroids, epsilonaminocaproic acid, silver nitrate,'2 and phenol'3 have also been used, but all have either proved too toxic or been ineffective.Infusion of vasopressin does stop bleeding (as it does with oesophageal varices) but only for as long as the infusion is continued.'4Helmstein balloon compression will halt the bleeding in 80% of cases,'5 butlike chemical instillation-it causes fibrosis and a reduction in bladder capacity. 16This can be a serious problem when the bladder is already thickened and contracted as a result of the primary disease.Arterial embolisation of the bladder may control the bleeding, especially that due to severe pelvic trauma, but it does not always work in practice.'While ligation or embolisa- tion of large vessels seems to be safe more peripheral embolisation has been associated with a real risk of necrosis of the bladder.'7One practical point worth mention is that simple transurethral diathermy sometimes actually worsens the bleeding; the best chance of success with diathermy is to use the minimum current necessary to produce coagulation. 8If this fails, alum seems to be a safe treatment to use before resorting to more toxic agents such as formalin, which require regional or general anaesthesia for their instillation.Some patients will not respond even to these measures, and supravesical urinary diversion may be necessary-for, surprisingly, diversion alone may stop the bleeding.The same may be achieved in gravely ill patients by nephrostomy or cutaneous ureterostomy."A few patients, however, will continue to bleed uncontrollably from the bladder.Emer- gency cystectomy and diversion must then be considered despite its attendant morbidity and mortality.The prognosis for patients who stop bleeding depends on the nature of the underlying disease.
IMPROVED MOUTH-GAG AND TONGUE-DEPRESSOR
Authors: J. J. Moyer
Journal: JAMA (1918)

This invention relates to improvements in mouth specula and more particularly to an improved tongue-depressor. Its object is to provide a tongue-depressor which is instantaneously removable from the mouth-gag. This tongue-depressor may be adjusted for depth to suit the mouth, and has an oscillatory mounting, leaving the operator free to move the tongue-depressor from side to side without affecting the adjustment of the gag or removing the depressor from its holding means. The particular advantage of the device is the ease with which the tongue-depressor is manipulated, in and out or from side to side in an instant. The ratchet on the gag affords adjustment of the mouth to any desired opening. By the pressing of a button on the side, the ratchet is released. In the hands of my associates and myself, this instrument gives great satisfaction. Fourteenth and Jefferson Streets. <h3>First American Book on Military Medicine.</h3> —John Jones
Immunosuppressive Consequences of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: A. C. Campbell, P. Hersey, I. C. M. MacLennan, H. E. M. Kay, M. C. Pike
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Assays of lymphocyte subpopulations and function have been performed on patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia still in remission after 18 months9 treatment. The patients were subjects of a trial of the value of craniospinal irradiation in the third month of treatment in preventing central nervous system relapse. Effects of both irradiation and chemotherapy were observed. Lymphopenia was much more marked in those patients who had received irradiation over a year previously. Assays of response to phytohaemagglutinin (P.H.A.) and staining for surface immunoglobulin indicated that this difference was due to a deficiency in thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the irradiated children. Chemotherapy had a particularly marked depressant effect on lymphocytes with antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity and a proportion of PHA-responsive cells were also depressed. It may be relevant that four of the patients depleted of thymus-dependent lymphocytes by radiation died of infection during remission, while none of those treated with chemotherapy alone died in remission.
Echocardiographic documentation of vegetative lesions in infective endocarditis: clinical implications.
Authors: J A Stewart, D Silimperi, P Harris, N K Wise, T D Fraker, J A Kisslo
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Eighty-seven patients with the clinical syndrome of infective endocarditis were examined by M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of echocardiographically detected vegetative lesions. Group 1 consisted of 47 patients with one or more vegetations. Group 2 consisted of 40 patients without evidence of vegetations. Group 1 patients had a higher rate of complications: emboli, congestive heart failure and the need for surgical intervention. Analysis of morphologic characteristics of the vegetations in group 1 was of no predictive value for complications in individual patients. Two-thirds of the vegetations persisted unaltered well beyond the period of bacteriologic cure without significant complications. No characteristic alteration of the vegetations predicted the efficacy of medical therapy. Although the detection of vegetations by echocardiography in patients with the clinical syndrome of endocarditis clearly identifies a subgroup at risk for complications, decisions regarding clinical management made solely on the basis of the presence or absence of vegetative lesions are hazardous. Management of such patients must continue to be based on the clinical integration of multiple factors.
Medical Student Contributions to Research
Authors: Richard B. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 December 1994Medical Student Contributions to ResearchRichard B. WeinbergRichard B. WeinbergThe Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1048.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I am preparing a lecture for our first-year medical students on the joys of biomedical research and thought it might be inspirational to enumerate significant basic or clinical research achievements made by medical students. I would appreciate the assistance of your readers in identifying such persons and their contributions. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1048. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1994Volume 121, Issue 11Page: 901 Issue Published: 1 December 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Malicious Meddling or Transparent Tracking? Telecare as a Logical Extension of Modern Communications Technology
Authors: Caroline J. Huang, Tanya S. Goldhaber
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for the academic support of Professor Michael Parker at the Ethox Centre at the University of Oxford, Professor Anneke Lucassen at the University of Southampton, and Professor John Clarkson and Dr. Patrick Langdon at the Engineering Design Centre at the University of Cambridge, as well as financial support from the Rhodes Trust and Marshall Scholarship.
Role of the Src family kinase Lyn in TxA2 production, adenosine diphosphate secretion, Akt phosphorylation, and irreversible aggregation in platelets stimulated with γ-thrombin
Authors: Moon J. Cho, Tamara I. Pestina, Shirley A. Steward, Clifford A. Lowell, Carl W. Jackson, T. Kent Gartner
Journal: Blood (2002)
Skin reactions to histamine of healthy subjects after hypnotically induced emotions of sadness, anger, and happiness
Authors: R. Zachariae, M. M. Jørgensen, H. Egekvist, P. Bjerring
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: The severity of symptoms in asthma and other hypersensitivity‐related disorders has been associated with changes in mood but little is known about the mechanisms possibly mediating such a relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of mood on skin reactivity to histamine by comparing the effects of hypnotically induced emotions on flare and wheal reactions to cutaneous histamine prick tests. Methods: Fifteen highly hypnotically susceptible volunteers had their cutaneous reactivity to histamine measured before hypnosis at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, and 15 min after the histamine prick. These measurements were repeated under three hypnotically induced emotions of sadness, anger, and happiness presented in a counterbalanced order. Skin reactions were measured as change in histamine flare and wheal area in mm 2 per minute. Results: The increase in flare reaction in the time interval from 1 to 3 min during happiness and anger was significantly smaller than flare reactions during sadness ( P &lt;0.05). No effect of emotion was found for wheal reactions. Hypnotic susceptibility scores were associated with increased flare reactions at baseline ( r =0.56; P &lt;0.05) and during the condition of happiness ( r =0.56; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions: Our results agree with previous studies showing mood to be a predictor of cutaneous immediate‐type hypersensitivity and histamine skin reactions. The results are also in concordance with earlier findings of an association between hypnotic susceptibility and increased reactivity to an allergen.
Primary Thyroid Osteosarcoma
Authors: William Makis, Javier-A. Novales-Diaz, Marc Hickeson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Extraosseous osteosarcomas account for less than 5% of all osteosarcomas. Primary osteosarcoma of the thyroid is a very rare tumor, with only 28 cases described in the published data. This is a case of a 40-year-old woman, 3 months postpartum, who presented with a rapidly growing mass in the neck, causing airway obstruction. An F-18 FDG PET-CT showed a large intensely FDG-avid mass in the thyroid gland, which was histopathologically confirmed to be a primary thyroid osteosarcoma. The patient was treated with tracheostomy, radiation therapy, and 2 cycles of chemotherapy. A posttherapy F-18 FDG PET-CT scan showed that the thyroid osteosarcoma was responding to therapy; however, the patient had developed new lung metastases.