tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biological Pacemaker Engineered by Nonviral Gene Transfer in a Mouse Model of Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Julien Piron, Khai Le Quang, François Briec, Jean-Christophe Amirault, Anne-Laure Leoni, Léa Desigaux, Denis Escande, Bruno Pitard, Flavien Charpentier
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

We hypothesized that a nonviral gene delivery of the hyperpolarization-activated HCN2 channel combined with the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) would generate a functional pacemaker in a mouse model of complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) induced by radiofrequency ablation of the His bundle. Plasmids encoding HCN2 and ADRB2 mixed with tetronic 304, a poloxamine block copolymer, were injected in the left ventricular free wall (HCN2-ADRB2 mice). Sham mice received a noncoding plasmid. CAVB was induced 5 days later. Ventricular escape rhythms in HCN2-ADRB2 mice were significantly faster than in sham mice at day 15 after ablation and later. In HCN2-ADRB2 mice, QRS complexes were larger than in sham mice and characterized by abnormal axes. Immunostaining of GFP-HCN2 fusion protein showed an expression of HCN2 channel in left ventricular myocardium for at least 45 days after injection. In the mouse, CAVB induces progressive hypertrophy and heart failure leading to 50% mortality after 110 days. HCN2-ADRB2 mice survived 3 weeks longer than sham mice. Finally, beta-adrenergic input increased ventricular escape rhythms significantly more in HCN2-ADRB2 mice than in sham mice. In conclusion, nonviral gene transfer can produce a functional cardiac biological pacemaker regulated by sympathetic input, which improves life expectancy in a mouse model of CAVB.
Family based colorectal cancer screening in a district hospital.
Authors: N P Cripps, R J Heald
Journal: Gut (1996)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening using family history to define a group at increased risk is gaining support. Three hundred and ninety six subjects aged over 25 with at least one first degree affected relative have been screened using a single slide, immunological faecal occult blood test (FOBT), and family history data to select the highest risk group. Compliance was 64.9% but was significantly better if contact was made within one year of diagnosis of the index relative (75% v 62.1%, chi 2 = 5.7, p &lt; 0.05). Twelve subjects (13.2%) of those who had a colonoscopy) bearing adenomas have been detected, three of which were at high risk of malignant transformation. No cancers have been diagnosed. Most subjects undergoing screening were less than 55 years of age (67.8%). These accounted for most colonoscopies (68.1%) but only one large adenoma was diagnosed in this group. The FOBT was particularly useful, enabling the detection of five large adenomas. Family based CRC screening is practical in a district hospital setting. Although labour intensive, it meets a population demand and can detect significant numbers of adenomas. Screening, even in those at moderately increased risk, could be focused on the older age groups, probably those aged over 40.
The TACI Receptor Regulates T-Cell-Independent Marginal Zone B Cell Responses through Innate Activation-Induced Cell Death
Authors: William A. Figgett, Kirsten Fairfax, Fabien B. Vincent, Mélanie A. Le Page, Indzi Katik, Devy Deliyanti, Pin Shie Quah, Pali Verma, Raelene Grumont, Steve Gerondakis, Paul Hertzog, Lorraine A. O’Reilly, Andreas Strasser, Fabienne Mackay
Journal: Immunity (2013)
Cytokine-Based Therapies for Crohn's Disease — New Paradigms
Authors: Fabio Cominelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Crohn's disease is one of two idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases that affect approximately 1 million people in North America. Despite important advances in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, the underlying cause of the disease remains unclear. As a result, the available therapies are not curative and may pose a substantial risk of side effects. A current theory regarding the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease suggests that there is an overly aggressive immune response against commensal bacteria in a genetically predisposed person. In this context, the activation of lymphocytes and the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines represent a common effector mechanism leading . . .
Further Experience with Pancreatitis as a Diagnostic Clue to Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Charles G. Mixter, W. Milo Keynes, Oliver Cope
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IN 1957 our experience with 2 patients who had A concomitant pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism led us to postulate that pancreatitis is another diagnostic clue to hyperparathyroidism.1 At approximately the same time Bell, Hines and Doane,2 Plough and Kyle3 and Fredell et al.4 reported cases of patients with pancreatitis who were subsequently discovered to have hyperparathyroidism; they also discussed the possible relation between the two diseases. Since our original report we have encountered 9 additional cases. A total of 51 other cases have come to our attention. Thus, pancreatitis is reasonably established as a complication of hyperparathyroidism. The association of the . . .
Therapeutic Oligonucleotides: The Road Not Taken
Authors: Cy A. Stein, Sanjay Goel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics have been in development for almost 25 years without a single U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved product in cancer. The reasons for this absence stem, in part, from a deep lack of understanding about how to deliver these molecules to cancer cells in vivo. Clin Cancer Res; 17(20); 6369–72. ©2011 AACR.
Pneumonia at the Philadelphia General Hospital, 1936–1946
Authors: Harold L. Israel, Robert C. Mitterling, Harrison F. Flippin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IN RECENT years pneumonia has rapidly become less important as a cause of death. There has been a sharp decline in admission of patients with pneumonia in most hospitals and recent studies on the effectiveness of modern therapy of pneumonia have indicated a low case mortality. Nevertheless, at the Philadelphia General Hospital, pneumonia remains a serious problem, and the impression has been obtained that in late years the response of patients with pneumonia to specific therapy has not been so dramatic as that observed in earlier years. The present study was projected to verify this impression, and to determine if . . .
Gender-specific differences in adipose distribution and adipocytokines influence adolescent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, John K. Olynyk, Lawrence J. Beilin, Trevor A. Mori, Craig E. Pennell, Nicholas de Klerk, Wendy H. Oddy, Peter Shipman, Leon A. Adams
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a predominantly adult-diagnosed disorder. Knowledge regarding the epidemiology, phenotype, and metabolic risk factors, during adolescence is limited. We sought to determine the prevalence, phenotype, and predictors of NAFLD in 1170 community-based adolescents in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (the Raine Cohort) who underwent a cross-sectional assessment that included questionnaires, anthropometry, cardiovascular examinations, blood tests, and abdominal ultrasound examinations. Among the 1170 adolescents assessed, the prevalence of NAFLD was 12.8%. Females compared with males had a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD (16.3% versus 10.1%, P = 0.004) and central obesity (33.2% versus 9.9%, P < 0.05). The severity of hepatic steatosis was associated with the body mass index, waist circumference, subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SAT), serum leptin level, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance score (P < 0.001 for all), and serum alanine aminotransferase level (P < 0.005) in both genders, but it was associated with increasing visceral adipose tissue thickness (VAT; P < 0.001) and decreasing serum adiponectin levels (P < 0.05) in males alone. Males and females with NAFLD had similar amounts of SAT (P > 0.05); however, in comparison with females with NAFLD, males with NAFLD had greater VAT, a more severe metabolic phenotype with higher glucose levels and systolic blood pressure and lower adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.001 for all), and greater measures of liver injury (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, P < 0.001 for all). Similarly, metabolic syndrome was more common in males than females with NAFLD (24% versus 8%, P = 0.01). Suprailiac skinfold thickness predicted NAFLD independently of the body mass index, insulin resistance, and VAT.Gender differences in adolescent NAFLD are related to differences in adipose distribution and adipocytokines. The male phenotype of NAFLD is associated with more adverse metabolic features and greater visceral adiposity than the female phenotype despite the lower prevalence of NAFLD.
Laboratory Test Ordering: A Syndrome Affecting Clinicians
Authors: Martin J. Inwood
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> All the reasons stated by Dr Lundberg inThe Journal(1983;249:639) as to why physicians order laboratory tests can be easily rectified if the laboratory physician will take the responsibility and initiative to monitor and recommend the use of appropriate laboratory tests. The complete blood cell count is a classic example of a test in which the laboratory physician, by adopting a policy based on local and national experience, can provide an appropriate answer for the clinician without repetitious displays of raw laboratory data that tend to confuse rather than solve clinical problems. The implementation of a laboratory test policy is not to prevent use by edict but to educate and use by example. It requires laboratory physicians to have an informed and professionally useful relationship with their clinical colleagues. Such a relationship emphasizes the need to follow up abnormal results with appropriate alacrity, thus ensuring that
Quality of life of patients with symptomatic multivessel coronary disease: the medicine, angioplasty, or surgery study (MASS II)
Authors: Dirceu Carrara, Shirley B. Hiscock, Elisabete S. Margarido, Alice Tanaka, Mmyrthes E. Takiuti, Desiderio Favarato, Protasio L. Luz, Whady Hueb, Sergio A. Olveira, Jose A. Ramires
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
One systemic administration of transforming growth factor-beta 1 reverses age- or glucocorticoid-impaired wound healing.
Authors: L S Beck, L DeGuzman, W P Lee, Y Xu, M W Siegel, E P Amento
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The role of intravenously administered recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta 1 (rhTGF-beta 1) on the healing of incisional wounds in rats with impaired healing due to age or glucocorticoid administration was investigated. The administration of methylprednisolone to young adult rats decreased wound breaking strength to 50% of normal control. Breaking strength of incisional wounds from 19-mo-old rats was decreased approximately 27% compared with wounds from normal healing young adult rats. A single intravenous administration of rhTGF-beta 1 (100 or 500 micrograms/kg) increased wound breaking strength from old rats or young adult rats with glucocorticoid-induced impaired healing to levels similar to normal healing control animals when determined 7 d after injury. Even though the circulating half-life of systemically administered rhTGF-beta 1 is < 5 min, a sustained stimulatory effect on extracellular matrix secretion was evident in glucocorticoid-impaired rats when rhTGF-beta 1 was administered at the time of wounding, 4 h after wounding, or even 24 h before wounding. These observations indicate a previously unrecognized potential for the active form of TGF-beta 1 to profoundly influence the wound healing cascade after brief systemic exposure.
PULP HYPERTROPHY OF THE TEETH.
Authors: OSKAR RÖMER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

I was first led to the histologie examination of pulp hypertrophy by the desire to find the conditions of the nerve supply in this so highly-altered pathologic tissue; in the study of the nerves I found not only what I expected—partly complete absence of nerves and partly marked decrease of nerve fibers, thus explaining the great difference in sensitiveness—but also some other very interesting discoveries which I believe are new. Pulp hypertrophy is to be considered as a new tissue formation due to chronic pulpitis from exposure through more or less complete destruction of the overlying protective tissues. This new growth consists of a comparatively coarse granulation tissue in which three layers can be distinguished. The outer layer consists of a thick stratum of white blood or pus corpuscles beginning to break down, then follows a somewhat wider zone consisting of a proliferation of endothelial cells and capillary vessels
Still's disease associated with Coxsackie infection and haemophagocytic syndrome.
Authors: D C Heaton, P W Moller
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

At the onset of Still9s disease (systemic-onset juvenile arthritis) in a 12-year-old girl, serological evidence of Coxsackie B virus infection was found. Two weeks later she developed a haemophagocytic syndrome which was then treated with cytotoxic therapy. Her arthritis is still active six years later.
Uptake of ln-111 Labeled Leukocytes by Lymphocele A Cause of False-Positive Vascular Graft Infection
Authors: CHARLES J CHUNG, ALAN A WILSON, JAMES W MELTON, W STUART HARTLEY, D MARK ALLEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

In-111 labeled leukocyte scintigraphy is a sensitive test for the diagnosis of prosthetic vascular graft infections. However, several causes of false-positive results have been reported. The authors describe a case of uninfected lymphocele around a synthetic vascular graft in a patient who showed an infected graft on In-111 labeled leukocyte scintigraphy.
TREATMENT OF EMPHYSEMA
Authors: JONATHAN MEAKINS
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Chronic pulmonary emphysema is the permanent overdistention of the alveoli and the decreased elasticity of the pulmonary tissues. It is not our purpose to discuss the different factors that may produce emphysema but rather how it interferes with respiratory and circulatory function and the means whereby these deleterious effects may be overcome. Whatever the etiologic factor, the cause of the impairment of function in emphysema evidently lies in a loss of pulmonary elasticity. As this loss of elasticity progresses, the lungs can no longer resist the traction of the chest wall and they distend until a position approaching full inspiration is reached. The lung can now no longer deflate during expiration by the normal process of passive elastic recoil but has to be actively compressed by the extrinsic muscles of expiration. In other words, the lung has to be pulled on to make it distend and then has to be
Neonatal Hypertension
Authors: Stuart B. Bauer, Sidney M. Feldman, Sydney S. Gellis, Alan B. Retik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

THE use of an umbilical-artery catheter for diagnostic and therapeutic management of the critically ill neonate is a specifically indicated, well accepted procedure.1 The complications include thrombosis, embolism, hemorrhage and infection, and approach 10 per cent.1 Renal artery thrombosis as a complication has been documented in eight autopsied cases.2 3 4 5 We report aortic and renal-artery thrombosis causing renin-mediated hypertension in a newborn who underwent umbilical-artery catheterization.Case ReportA 4700-g female was delivered spontaneously following a 38-week gestation to a 34-year-old insulin-dependent diabetic mother. Apgar scores were 7 and 9, respectively. At age 36 hours, because of respiratory distress an umbilical . . .
Psychological factors in leg ulceration: a case-control study
Authors: C.J. Moffatt, P.J. Franks, D.C. Doherty, R. Smithdale, A. Steptoe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Summary Background There is increasing recognition of the role that psychological status plays in the development and outcomes of chronic disease, but little understanding of its importance in chronic leg ulceration. Objectives To examine psychological health and perceived social support in patients with chronic leg ulceration. Methods Patients with leg ulceration within a defined population were matched for age and gender (1 : 1) with community controls in a matched case–control study. Analysis was by conditional logistic regression and matched t-test analysis. Results Ninety-five patients (60 women and 35 men; 59% aged over 75 years) were identified and matched to the same number of controls. Cases had significantly poorer health-related quality of life in all domains of the Nottingham Health Profile (all P ≤ 0·001), compared with controls. Levels of depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were significantly greater in the patient group (mean 5·3 vs. 3·6, P < 0·001). Social support (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey scale) showed significantly fewer social networks and less perceived social support in patients than controls (P = 0·008). Patients used significantly fewer coping strategies (COPE scale) than controls, particularly with regard to problem-focused coping strategies. Conclusions Patients with leg ulceration experience poor psychological health with a greater risk of depression, less perceived social support and greater social isolation. Systems of care should offer an environment that reduces social isolation and increases support to this patient group.
Cost must be considered in setting essential health benefits under US health reform act
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A report from the US Institute of Medicine says cost must be considered in determining a package of “essential health benefits” to be provided under the US health reform act (the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act). The report does not list the specific benefits to be covered.

The health reform act will reduce the number of uninsured and under-insured individuals, said Harvey Fineberg, president of the Institute, in a foreword to the report. “The lack of health insurance is harmful to health, and equity in access to needed healthcare is one measure of a just society. But . . . how should one go about deciding what to include as essential in a health insurance plan? . . . This report lays …
Instability of short tandem repeats (microsatellites) in human cancers
Authors: R. Wooster, A.-M. Cleton-Jansen, N. Collins, J. Mangion, R.S. Cornelis, C.S. Cooper, B.A. Gusterson, B.A.J. Ponder, A. von Deimling, O.D. Wiestler, C.J. Cornelisse, P. Devilee, M.R. Stratton
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
VASCULAR RESPONSES TO A NEWLY DEVELOPED CORONARY STENT (NOBORI) COATED WITH THE BIOABSORBABLE POLYMER, POLYLACTIC ACID AND BIOLIMUS A9
Authors: Hitomi Hagiwara, Masashige Sasaki, Yoshiaki Hiraishi, Hisako Terao, Junji Kimura, Katsumi Inoue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cyanosis attributable to right to left shunt in carcinoid syndrome.
Authors: G W Stewart, S P Freegard, D H Keeling, A D Perrett
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Une observation: tumeur de l'ileon avec metastases hepatiques. La premiere manifestation est une cyanose avec perte de poids, dyspnee d'effort et œdeme malleolaire. Les explorations de la circulation montrent que la cyanose est due a un Shunt droite-gauche
Disseminated superficial porokeratosis in a patient with AIDS
Authors: J. KANITAKIS, L. MISERY, J.F. NICOLAS, S. LYONNET, B. CHOUVET, M. HAFTEK, M. FAURE, A. CLAUDY, J. THIVOLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

We report the case of a 50-year-old male homosexual suffering from AIDS, who developed diffuse annular hyperkeratotic lesions on the arms and legs. Histopathological examination revealed typical features of porokeratosis, which clinically was of the disseminated superficial type. Ultrastructural examination showed a paucity of keratohyalin granules and lamellar bodies. Immunohistochemical studies showed an almost complete absence of Langerhans cells in lesional epidermis. Involucrin and filaggrin expression were altered in areas of cornoid lamella formation, whereas basal keratinocytes in these areas expressed PCNA/cyclin and, to a lesser degree, p53 protein. Porokeratosis may affect immunocompetent patients, but has also been reported in the setting of immunosuppression following organ transplantation. As far as we are aware, the development of porokeratosis during the course of HIV infection has not been reported previously.
Study on Bronchoscopically Visible Cancer
Authors: S. Awataguchi
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

A total of 316 cases with malignant bronchopulmonary growths were examined bronchoscopically and in 118 cases, visible tumors were found. These 118 cases were classified in the following four types from the bronchoscopical, roentgenological and pathological points of view:
Scl 70 antibody—a specific marker of systemic sclerosis
Authors: MARIA JARZABEK-CHORZELSKA, MARIA BLASZCZYK, STEFANIA JABLONSKA, T. CHORZELSKI, V. KUMAR, E.H. BEUTNER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Scl 70 antibodies were tested for in 107 patients with systemic sclerosis: 68 with acrosclerosis and 39 with diffuse scleroderma. Anticentromere antibodies (ACA) and other antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were tested for by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells. Positive results for Scl 70 antibodies were obtained in 77% of cases of diffuse scleroderma and 44% of acrosclerosis. ACA and Scl 70 antibodies were found to be mutually exclusive. If acrosclerosis cases positive for anticentromere antibodies are excluded, the percentage of acrosclerosis cases positive for Scl 70 was 63%. ACA were found to be a marker of a benign, abortive subset of acrosclerosis with almost no cutaneous involvement (CREST), whereas Scl 70 did not discriminate between acrosclerosis and diffuse scleroderma. On HEp-2 cells Scl 70 positive sera gave a characteristic, fine speckled, almost homogeneous nuclear staining pattern.
Plans to introduce electronic medical cards in Germany stall as doctors refuse to buy equipment
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The nationwide introduction of electronic health cards in Germany, which was due to start in 2006, is in jeopardy because doctors are refusing to install the necessary equipment. Health insurance companies say they are ready to supply cards to their 80 million members but will not do so unless doctors and pharmacies are prepared to buy the equipment beforehand.

The German health ministry has responded to the impasse by saying that it is still confident that all patients will be using electronic health cards by the end of the year, as planned.

The Liberal Party, which hopes to form a coalition government in autumn 2009 together with …
Scintiscan for Acute Intrascrotal Conditions
Authors: EDDY K. DUNN, RICHARD J. MACCHIA, PYARA S. CHAUHAN, GOBIND B. LAUNGANI, NATHAN A. SOLOMON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

The efficacy and merit of testicular imaging, utilizing Tc-99m pertechnetate, were studied prospectively in a group of patients who presented with acute onset of scrotal pain. Consecutive admissions were studied. All were managed according to the likelihood of the problem being testicular torsion, which was determined from the clinical history, physical examination and the routine laboratory data. The final diagnostic outcome, whether by surgical exploration or clinical progress with conservative treatment, is collated with the preoperative scintigraphic interpretations, made with respect to predefined criteria. Analysis of the pretreatment images obtained in 57 patients shows that the radionuclide study is highly reliable in cases of testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis. It appears to be much less dependable, however, in the other acute scrotal conditions. Torsions that are intermittent in nature or corrected manually apparently can have variable presentations. Certain difficulties and potential pitfalls encountered in interpreting the scintigraphic studies are discussed.