tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intravenous metoclopramide. An effective antiemetic in cancer chemotherapy
Authors: S. B. Strum
Journal: JAMA (1982)

An open-label clinical trial was conducted to test the safety and efficacy of intravenous metoclopramide monohydrochloride in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Thirty-eight patients received a total of 83 assessable courses of chemotherapy with cisplatin alone or in combination with other cytotoxic agents. In 19 of 38 patients (50%) or 40 of 83 courses (48%), nausea or vomiting did not occur ("total protection") and in six of 38 patients (16%) or 19 of 83 courses (23%), emesis occurred one of two times ("major protection"). Thus, 25 of 38 patients (66%) receiving 59 of 83 courses (71%) of cisplatin-containing chemotherapy attained either total or major antiemetic protection with metoclopramide. In those patients who received multiple courses of chemotherapy, antiemetic protection afforded by metoclopramide remained unabated. At this dosage, the drug was well tolerated with minimal side effects. Intravenous metoclopramide is consistently effective in preventing emesis associated with cisplatin when used either alone or in combination with other cancer chemotherapy agents that are in themselves emetogenic.
244 INCREASED GUT PERMEABILITY, ELEVATED ENDOTOXIN RELATED PROTEINS AND NEUTROPHIL DYSFUNCTION IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: A. Horvath, B. Leber, S. Lemesch, P. Stiegler, R. Stauber, P. Fickert, G. Zollner, W. Spindelboeck, E. Krones, F. Durchschein, P. Douschan, V. Stadlbauer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
924. D-MAPP Analogue, LCL-204 Sensitizes DU145 Prostate Cancer Cells (PCa) to FasL Gene Therapy through Down-Regulation of Survivin
Authors: Ahmed M. El-Zawahry, Xiang Liu, Saeed ElOjeimy, David Holma, Ayman Elmahdy, Nabil K. Bissada, Hashim M. Rashwan, Zdzislaw Szulc, Alicjia Bielwaska, Jasek Bielwaski, Thomas Keane, Yusuf Hannun, James Norris
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Introduction and Objectives: Current treatment for advanced PCa is mainly palliative. Recurrence after androgen ablation with more progressive disease typically occurs within 18 months of treatment. Gene therapy is an alternative therapy currently under investigation and is hampered by inefficient delivery to all cancer cells. Sensitizing cancer cells to gene therapy (GT) may augment its effect and increases the bystander effect. FasL mediates apoptosis through caspases and survivin is a downstream inhibitor.
New Tactics for Hyperthyroidism: Sympathetic Blockade
Authors: BARRY I. JOFFE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 December 1970New Tactics for Hyperthyroidism: Sympathetic BlockadeBARRY I. JOFFE, M.R.C.P., BERNARD L. PIMSTONE, M.R.C.P.BARRY I. JOFFE, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, BERNARD L. PIMSTONE, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-6-1044_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the editoral note on the use of sympathetic blockade for the management of hyperthyroidism May 1970 ANNALS (1) Drs. Riddle and Schwartz have given an excellent review of the current position.We wish to comment on our purported challenge to the view that adrenergic blocking agents (especially the beta-blocker, propranolol) should not be usedalonein the therapy of hyperthyroidism. In our study (2) we concluded that propranolol might be adequate as sole treatment when a complete response—including significant increase in weight—occurred rapidly. As Table 1 indicates, this appears to be synonymous with spontaneous remission, so...References1. RIDDLESCHWARTZ MT: New tactics for hyperthyroidism: sympathetic blockade. Ann Intern Med 72:749-751, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar2. PIMSTONEJOFFEPIMSTONE BBN: Clinical response to long-term propanolol therapy in hyperthyroidism. S Afr Med J 43:1203, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thyroid Clinic Groote Schuur Hospital Cape Town, South Africa PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1970Volume 73, Issue 6Page: 1044-1044KeywordsHyperthyroidism Issue Published: 1 December 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cicatricial pemphigoid: IgA and IgG autoantibodies target epitopes on both intra- and extracellular domains of bullous pemphigoid antigen 180
Authors: E. Schmidt, C. Skrobek, A. Kromminga, T. Hashimoto, G. Messer, E-B. Brocker, K.B. Yancey, D. Zillikens
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease where autoantibodies target various components of the dermal-epidermal junction, including the bullous pemphigoid antigen 180 (BP180).We determined the exact specificity of circulating IgG and IgA autoantibodies to BP180 in a large number of CP patients.Twenty-six consecutive CP sera were analysed by Western blotting using a panel of cell-derived and recombinant proteins covering the entire BP180 molecule.Circulating autoantibodies were detected in all CP sera. Seven sera reacting with laminin-5 were excluded from further analyses; the remaining 19 sera recognized BP180, including six sera (32%) that showed only IgA reactivity to this protein. With the combined use of the soluble BP180 ectodomain (LAD-1) and recombinant BP180 NC16A, 16 of these 19 CP sera (84%) targeted BP180. IgG reactivity was preferentially found against NC16A, whereas IgA antibodies predominantly recognized LAD-1. Thirty-two per cent of the BP180-reative sera revealed reactivity with the intracellular domain of this protein.Our findings demonstrate that autoantibodies in CP target epitopes on both extra- and intracellular domains of BP180 and highlight the importance of testing for both IgG and IgA reactivity in these patients' sera.
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON BLOOD GROUPS
Authors: Elvin A. Kabat, Ada E. Bezer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1945)

1. With purified blood group A and B specific substances from the gastric mucin of pigs precipitin reactions can be obtained in sera containing homologous isoagglutinins. By microquantitative precipitin technics the anti-A and anti-B content of normal and immune isoagglutinin-containing sera can be estimated on a weight basis. 2. There was a general correlation between antibody N precipitable from the sera of groups O and B by A substance and the agglutinin titer for A erythrocytes before and after immunization with blood group substances. 3. The reaction between A substance and its homologous isoagglutinin present in the sera of immunized individuals was of the same type as in other antigen-antibody systems.
Androgen Receptor on the Move: Boarding the Microtubule Expressway to the Nucleus
Authors: Maria Thadani-Mulero, David M. Nanus, Paraskevi Giannakakou
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Recent studies have shown that the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel, which is commonly used for the treatment of prostate cancer, inhibits signaling from the androgen receptor by inhibiting its nuclear accumulation downstream of microtubule stabilization. This mechanism is independent of paclitaxel-induced mitotic arrest and could provide an alternative mechanism of drug action that can explain its clinical activity. In this review, we highlight the importance of signaling and trafficking pathways that depend on intact and dynamic microtubules, and, as such, they represent downstream targets of microtubule inhibitors. We showcase prostate cancer, which is driven by the activity of the androgen receptor, as recent reports have revealed a connection between the microtubule-dependent trafficking of the androgen receptor and the clinical efficacy of taxanes. Identification and further elucidation of microtubule-dependent tumor-specific pathways will help us better understand the molecular basis of clinical taxane resistance as well as to identify individual patients more likely to respond to treatment. Cancer Res; 72(18); 4611–5. ©2012 AACR.
Association between IgE levels and asthma severity among African American, Mexican, and Puerto Rican patients with asthma
Authors: Mariam Naqvi, Shweta Choudhry, Hui-Ju Tsai, Shannon Thyne, Daniel Navarro, Sylvette Nazario, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Jesus Casal, Alfonso Torres, Rocio Chapela, H. Geoffrey Watson, Kelley Meade, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Michael LeNoir, Pedro C. Avila, Esteban González Burchard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
A dichotomy in the lipophilicity of natural estrogens, xenoestrogens, and phytoestrogens.
Authors: A R Cunningham, G Klopman, H S Rosenkranz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Using two independent analyses, it is demonstrated that natural (e.g., estradiol) and some xenoestrogens (e.g., methoxychlor metabolite) are characterized by a lipophilic region that is absent in nonestrogens as well as in phytoestrogens. It is suggested that this lipophilic region affects binding to specific receptors and may, in fact, differentiate harmful from beneficial estrogens.
Mortality Differences and Speed of Wound Closure Among Specialized Burn Care Facilities
Authors: Robert A. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Burn patient mortality rates at 11 major American burn care units were investigated and were found to differ substantially after carefully adjusting for patient mix at each participating burn facility. The adjusted mortality rates differed by as much as a factor of two. Institution speed of full-thickness burn wound closure was found to be significantly associated with mortality experience, with lower mortality associated with quicker wound closure. The data analyzed were from the National Burn Information Exchange (12,000 cases).
Personality Characteristics of the Cosmetic Surgical Insatiable Patient
Authors: N.H. Groenman, H.C. Sauër
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

It is argued that the personality of the cosmetic surgical patient is undisturbed. Furthermore it is argued that a vast majority of these patients are very pleased with the results of the cosmetic correction. A very small percentage however is dissatisfied (although no surgical-technical mistake was made) and is urging again and again for a repetition of the procedure. The terms in which the personality of the unsatiable patient is described resemble strikingly the description of borderline personality organization. The hypothesis is put forward that the personality of the cosmetic surgical insatiable patient has a borderline organization. A clinical procedure of how to identify preoperatively the insatiable patient is proposed.
Clarifying Sources of Geographic Differences in Medicare Spending
Authors: Stephen Zuckerman, Timothy Waidmann, Robert Berenson, Jack Hadley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Although geographic differences in Medicare spending are widely considered to be evidence of program inefficiency, policymakers need to understand how differences in beneficiaries' health and personal characteristics and specific geographic factors affect the amount of Medicare spending per beneficiary before formulating policies to reduce geographic differences in spending.
Database of Food-Borne Pathogen Genomes Created
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Anorectal Gonorrhea Infections in Men
Authors: Michael Sands
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The charts of 606 men with anorectal gonorrhea infections treated using the current Public Health Service recommendations were reviewed. There were 3.3% failures in the group treated with penicillin—14.4% in those treated with tetracycline hydrochloride, 14.8% in the ampicillin trihydrate group, and none among those treated with spectinomycin hydrochloride. The intramuscular (IM) injection of penicillin G procaine, 4.8 million units, with 1 g of probenicid given orally is the treatment of choice for anorectal gonorrhea. An IM injection of 2 g of spectinomycin hydrochloride was effective but should be reserved for patients allergic to penicillin and for penicillin treatment failures. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1143-1144, 1980)
French Society of Digestive Endoscopy SFED guideline: monitoring of patients with Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: J. Boyer, R. Laugier, M. Chemali, J. Arpurt, C. Boustière, J. Canard, P. Dalbies, G. Gay, J. Escourrou, B. Napoléon, L. Palazzo, T. Ponchon, B. Richard-Mollard, D. Sautereau, G. Tucat, B. Vedrenne
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus, also known as Barrett's mucosa, is by two means, endoscopic and histologic. Endoscopically, the condition is defined as a columnar epithelium that extends above the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ); histologically, it is defined by the presence of a specialized intestinal metaplasia.
Activation of bone marrow phagocytes following benzene treatment of mice.
Authors: D L Laskin, L MacEachern, R Snyder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Techniques in flow cytometry/cell sorting were used to characterize the effects of benzene and its metabolites on subpopulations of bone marrow cells. Treatment of male Balb/c mice with benzene (880 mg/kg) or a combination of its metabolites, hydroquinone and phenol (50 mg/kg), resulted in a 30 to 40% decrease in bone marrow cellularity. Flow cytometric analysis revealed two subpopulations of bone marrow cells that could be distinguished by their size and density or granularity. The larger, more dense subpopulation was found to consist predominantly of macrophages and granulocytes as determined by monoclonal antibody binding and by cell sorting. Benzene treatment had no selective cytotoxic effects on subpopulations of bone marrow cells. To determine if benzene treatment activated bone marrow phagocytes, we quantified production of hydrogen peroxide by these cells using the fluorescent indicator dye, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. We found that macrophages and granulocytes from bone marrow of treated mice produced 50% more hydrogen peroxide in response to the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate than did cells from control animals. It is hypothesized that phagocyte activation and production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen intermediates may contribute to hematotoxicity induced by benzene.
Selection Bias Clouds Apparent Benefit of Longer Hormone Duration
Authors: Kevin Lin, Steve P. Lee, Michael L. Steinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

in Journal of Clinical Oncology examined the difference in outcomes based on the duration of adjuvant hormonal therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer.Their analysis was based on the patients enrolled in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 85-31 study, 2 which was a trial of 945 men with locally advanced prostate cancer, randomly assigned to radiation therapy (RT) and adjuvant goserelin or RT alone.We agree with Souhaimi et al 1 that the appropriate duration of adjuvant hormonal modulation treatment is an important question.A recent randomized trial demonstrated that 6 months of hormones produced inferior survival as compared with 3 years of androgen blockade. 3But would 1 year be enough?What about 2 years, as was done in RTOG 92-02, showing a survival advantage in high-risk patients? 4Or, does Ͼ 5 years of hormonal modulation provide additional benefit, as suggested by Souhami et al in their analysis?Even though an analysis of the cardiovascular mortality in the RTOG 85-31 population did not demonstrate increased mortality, 5 others have certainly demonstrated significant treatment-related complications, including impotence, diabetes, decreased bone mineral density, and cardiovascular disease. 6,7 This analysis by Souhami et al 1 suggests that hormonal therapy duration (HTD) of Ͼ 5 years improved outcomes.However, in addition to the other potential biases from this retrospective analysis mentioned by the authors, our biggest concern is that a selection bias strongly skews the results in favor of the Ͼ 5 year HTD group.This bias is due to the exclusion of patients that discontinued hormonal therapy because of death, disease progression, or initiation of another hormonal therapy.By excluding those patients, the 5 years numbers in the Ͼ 5 year HTD group were, by definition, perfect.As seen in Table 2 of the article, at 5 years, not a single patient in the Ͼ 5 year HTD group died, not a single patient had a local failure, and not a single patient had a distant failure.This is because all of the patients who progressed or died while receiving hormonal therapy were excluded from the analysis.Take, for example, a patient whose cancer is simply not responsive to hormonal modulation and will recur regardless of whether antiandrogen therapy is given.If the patient stops the hormonal therapy for any reason before the recurrence is detected, he counts as a failure in either the less than 1 year or 1 to 4 year HTD group.But the same patient who continued the hormonal therapy long-term would be excluded from the analysis and not be counted as a failure for the Ͼ 5 year HTD group as long as he was still receiving hormonal therapy when the recurrence was detected.Alternatively, imagine a patient who receives antiandrogen therapy for 4 years, but then develops a myocardial infarction.At that point, if he and his physician decide to stop hormonal therapy but he ends up dying from cardiovascular complications 3 years later, he is
Law, Legitimacy and the Rationing of Health Care: A Contextual and Comparative Perspective
Authors: Mary Anderlik Majumder
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Michael L. LeFevre
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Update of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for thyroid disease.The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for subclinical and "overt" thyroid dysfunction without clinically obvious symptoms, as well as the effects of treatment on intermediate and final health outcomes.This recommendation applies to nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults.The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for thyroid dysfunction in nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults. (I statement).
The GPEP Report: III. Faculty Involvement
Authors: JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Editorials1 September 1985The GPEP Report: III. Faculty InvolvementJEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-454 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe conclusions of the GPEP Panel concerning faculty involvement in medical education (1) revolve largely around acknowledging the primacy in the mission of the medical school of the general education of medical students, and around organization, through communication among deans and faculty members, of an educational program with defined goals, content, and budget, with continuing oversight by the faculty. The report also recommends promotion of defined mentor relationships between students and faculty; programs to enhance and broaden the teaching capabilities of faculty members; structuring of more effective systems for personal support, guidance, and counseling of students; and increased recognition of...References1. Physicians for the Twenty-First Century: The GPEP Report: Report of the Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician and College Preparation for Medicine. Washington, D.C.: Association of American Medical Colleges; 1984. Google Scholar2. ROGERS D. Some musings on medical education: is it going astray? Pharos. 1982;45:11. Google Scholar3. STELLING J and BUCHER R. Professional cloning: the patterning of physicians. In: SHAPIRO FC, LOWENSTEIN LM, eds. Becoming a Physician: Development of Values and Attitudes in Medicine. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Ballinger Publishing Co.; 1979:139-61. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.Affiliations: New York Hospital—Cornell Medical Center New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCulturally Competent FacultyA Ten-Month Program in Curriculum Development for Medical Educators: 16 Years of ExperienceWhich values do attending physicians try to pass on to house officers?The Otolaryngologist as a Role ModelAttributes of Excellent Attending-Physician Role Models 1 September 1985Volume 103, Issue 3Page: 454-455KeywordsContinuing medical educationMedical education ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...