tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Smooth Muscle Cells in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Express the Fractalkine Receptor CX <sub>3</sub> CR1 and Undergo Chemotaxis to the CX <sub>3</sub> C Chemokine Fractalkine (CX <sub>3</sub> CL1)
Authors: Andrew D. Lucas, Christina Bursill, Tomasz J. Guzik, Jerzy Sadowski, Keith M. Channon, David R. Greaves
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Chemokines are important mediators of inflammatory cell recruitment that play a significant role in atherosclerosis. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is an unusual membrane-bound chemokine that mediates chemotaxis through the CX3CR1 receptor. Recently, functional polymorphisms in the human CX3CR1 gene have been described that are associated with coronary artery disease.We investigated the expression of the CX3C chemokine fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 in human coronary artery plaques by immunocytometry. We show that a subset of mononuclear cells expresses high levels of fractalkine in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques and that smooth muscle cells within the neointima express the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1. There is a positive correlation between the number of fractalkine-expressing cells and the number of CX3CR1-positive cells in human atherosclerotic plaques (r=0.70, n=15 plaques). Furthermore, we demonstrate that cultured vascular smooth muscle cells express the CX3CR1 receptor and undergo chemotaxis to fractalkine that can be inhibited by G protein inactivation by pertussis toxin.These results suggest that in human atherosclerosis, fractalkine, rather than mediating inflammatory cell recruitment, can act as a mediator of smooth muscle cell migration.
Abstract 2456: High HDL-cholesterol Levels Are Paradoxically Associated With <i>Increased</i> Atherosclerosis And <i>Increased</i> Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Events In Metabolic Syndrome Subjects: The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Karol E Watson, Preethi Srikanthan, Pamela J Schreiner, Wendy Post, Gregory L Burke, Adrian Casillas, R. Graham Barr, Daniel H O’Leary, Alan M Fogelman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : In population studies high HDL is associated with fewer CHD events, however in certain people high HDL does not appear to protect and recent work suggests that HDL can become dysfunctional in settings of inflammation. Since Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) patients often have systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that high HDL might not be protective in this group. Methods : We analyzed data from 6,814 subjects in MESA; 2,362 of whom had MetSyn. Subjects were stratified by HDL into low (&lt; 40), mid (40 –59) and high (≥ 60 mg/dL) groups. Outcomes were cIMT, coronary calcium (CAC), and CHD events over 3 years of follow up. Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association of HDL with CHD events. Results : In non-MetSyn subjects, outcomes were worst in the low HDL group and improved as HDL increased. In MetSyn subjects, however, an unexpected U-shaped relationship was seen. The most favorable results were in MetSyn subjects with mid HDL (40 –59), while worse outcomes were seen with either low (&lt; 40) or high (≥ 60) HDL. cIMT was 1.23, 1.14 and 1.26 mm for low, mid and high HDL respectively (p mid vs. high = 0.04). Log e CAC was 4.63, 4.37 and 4.66 for low, mid and high HDL (p = 0.09). CHD rates were 3.7%, 1.8% and 4.1% for low, mid and high HDL (p = 0.027). In multivariate analysis, high (vs. mid) HDL remained associated with CHD events in MetSyn (HR 2.44 [1.03–5.82]). Conclusion : Although HDL is associated with decreased CHD in general populations, in certain people HDL doesn’t protect. In our data MetSyn subjects with HDL ≥ 60 had poorer outcomes than those with HDL 40 –59, which suggests that HDL-C is a complex marker that must be interpreted in light of a person’s metabolic profile and inflammatory status.
Physicians address flying safety concerns with variety of actions
Authors: Carol Potera
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A well-known physician flies a private plane from his home area to a city three states away in order to attend the Friday evening and early Saturday sessions of a medical meeting. Then, later on Saturday, he pilots the plane on an even longer three-state flight to another city. At dusk that same day, despite low-hanging clouds and his being unqualified as an instrument pilot, he takes off on what he plans to be the first leg of the nearly coast-to-coast flight that should allow him to arrive home in time for a full schedule on Monday.  A few moments later, at 840 m (2,800 ft) of altitude, the lone physician-pilot banks the twin-engine airplane toward home... and crashes into a mountain.  Similar reports of fatal (as this one was) or nonfatal private airplane crashes in the past have given physicians a reputation as unsafe pilots. But among the organizations
Management of Aneurysms of the Abdominal Aorta Complicated by Erosion of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: George D. Zuidema, William R. Olsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

ANEURYSMS of the abdominal aorta frequently produce back pain when they enlarge and become symptomatic. This is usually an indication for prompt surgical intervention, for rupture is likely to follow if the aneurysm is not removed. In some cases, however, the aneurysm is not recognized, or resection is delayed because of serious systemic disease. The pulsatile action of the enlarging aneurysm may erode the cortical bone of the lumbar vertebras, exposing the underlying cancellous bone, but sparing the soft, resilient intervertebral disks. This results in the classic x-ray picture of erosion of the anterior surface of the lumbar spine and, . . .
Is hormonal treatment still an option in acne today?
Authors: V. Bettoli, S. Zauli, A. Virgili
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Hormonal treatment is indicated in cases of papulopustular, nodular and conglobate acne in females with identified hyperandrogenism, in adult women who have monthly flare-ups and when standard therapeutic options are unsuccessful or inappropriate. This review summarizes the latest information on hormonal therapies including: combined oral contraceptives; anti-androgens, such as cyproterone acetate, spironolactone and flutamide; low-dose glucocorticoids and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists. It also shares the authors' recommendations for treatment based on the studies discussed here, and personal experience.
Bone mineral density and bone turnover in spinal osteoarthritis.
Authors: J Dequeker, J M Mbuyi-Muamba
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

<h3>Background</h3> Conventional hemodialysis has become a life-sustaining treatment for ESRD patients. However, uncertain conditions change, and long-term dialysis among hemodialysis patients has also become a great burden and life stress. Facing possible changes and deterioration of their future condition, and based on their value differences in perspectives and thinking, end of life medical decisions concerning the withdrawal of hemodialysis may vary from person to person. <h3>Aim</h3> To investigate the situations hemodialysis patients consider about withdrawing hemodialysis. <h3>Methods</h3> A semi-structured interview was implemented to communicate with seventeen hemodialysis patients, and analysed using content analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Results revealed six themes of status from patients’ perspective: poor quality of life, inability to take care of themselves, bad effects of dialysis, terminal stage with multiple organ failure, coma and no longer wake up, and wait for death. <h3>Discussion</h3> According to the results, viewpoints of medical decisions are derived from different life experiences and value beliefs. Quality of life, self-care ability, dialysis efficacy, organ function, and the state of consciousness until death, show hemodialysis patients’ different expectations on existence and determination to defend the privilege of autonomy. While caring for dialysis patients, medical professionals should act proactively on advance care planning to understand the patient’s perspective and wishes, facilitate the signing of advanced directives, and highlight patient’s autonomy in medical decisions. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Therefore, we must communicate on a health care plan to understand patients’ thoughts on withdrawing hemodialysis, help them to make decisions aligned with their personal values and beliefs and promote the quality of end of life care.
Contribution of the Diastolic Vortex Ring to Left Ventricular Filling
Authors: Pablo Martínez-Legazpi, Javier Bermejo, Yolanda Benito, Raquel Yotti, Candelas Pérez del Villar, Ana González-Mansilla, Alicia Barrio, Eduardo Villacorta, Pedro L. Sánchez, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Juan C. del Álamo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Onset of altered interventricular septal motion during cardiac surgery. Assessment by continuous intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.
Authors: K G Lehmann, F A Lee, W B McKenzie, P G Barash, E K Prokop, M A Durkin, M D Ezekowitz
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Abnormal motion of the interventricular septum is frequently observed after uncomplicated cardiac surgery. We sought to elucidate the mechanism underlying this phenomenon by using continuous echocardiographic imaging of the heart from a constant transesophageal location in 21 patients undergoing their first cardiac operation. Quantitative global and regional functional analyses were performed in each patient at baseline (stage 1), after median sternotomy (stage 2), after sternal retraction (stage 3), after pericardiotomy (stage 4), after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass (stage 5), and after chest closure (stage 6). During the first four surgical stages, mean left ventricular fractional shortening varied little among regions with a fixed reference system (maximum range, 31.6-39.2%; p = NS) but changed dramatically after the discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass (stage 5). The apparent medial hypokinesis that was observed (4.9 +/- 4.7% [SD]) was accompanied by lateral hyperkinesis (65.2 +/- 4.1%, p less than 0.0001). These regional differences were completely eliminated with a floating reference system (33.6 +/- 2.7% for medial, and 34.8 +/- 1.7% for lateral; p = NS), suggesting cardiac translation. Quantitative curvature analysis supported this conclusion, with preservation of baseline regional curvature seen throughout the procedure. The mean length of individual translational vectors (reflecting systolic movement of the endocardial centroid) remained minimal (less than or equal to 1.0 mm) through stage 4 but increased more than fourfold at stage 5, continuing in a medial direction after chest closure (5.2 +/- 3.0 mm and 271 +/- 6 degrees from anterior). Thus, abnormal postoperative septal motion is not caused by removal of restraining forces of the pericardium or anterior mediastinum but rather appears to be directly related to events occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Kawasaki's Disease
Authors: J D Trager
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Figure 1. Photographs of a four-year-old boy show the typical features of Kawasaki's disease. These features include bilateral nonexudative conjunctivitis (Panel A); dry, fissured, erythematous lips and a “strawberry” tongue (Panels A and B); erythematous and edematous hands and feet (Panels C and D); an erythematous truncal rash (Panel E); and a desquamating perineal rash (Panel F). the patient also had anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and sterile pyuria but none of the other complications of the disease. The child recovered uneventfully after receiving treatment with intravenous immune globulin and aspirin.
THE RATIONAL ETIOLOGY AND SATISFACTORY TREATMENT OF DACRYOCYSTITIS
Authors: W. R. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The man who first suggested a lacrimal probe was thinking along scientific lines. By its use he hoped to remove the obstruction from the nasal duct, and restore its normal function. His disappointment came, however, when he learned, from repeated efforts on patients in whom the probe could be passed through the duct into the nose, that in most instances the tendency to an immediate closure was so great that the hope of draining the sac of its infectious contents had to be abandoned. The failure of the probe to give relief by drainage suggested the use of the style, which proved to be unscientific in principle and unsatisfactory in results. For several years all contributors to this subject seem to have given up the idea of drainage or the restoration of the normal function of the lacrimal sac and nasal duct, and instead have directed their energies to sac
Hepatitis B virus reactivation after ustekinumab treatment: reply from authors
Authors: T.‐F. Tsai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Hepatitis B virus reactivation after ustekinumab treatment: reply from authors Get access T.‐F. Tsai T.‐F. Tsai Department of Dermatology National Taiwan University Hospital #7, Chung‐Shan South Road Taipei Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 2, 1 February 2014, Pages 478–479, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12613 Published: 01 February 2014
ACCF/AHA Consensus Conference Report on Professionalism and Ethics
Authors: Robert J. Adams, Joseph S. Alpert, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Brian H. Annex, Elliott M. Antman, Bruce Bellande, George A. Beller, David W. Bilheimer, Robert O. Bonow, Nancy A. Brown, Robert M. Califf, Melvin D. Cheitlin, Jay N. Cohn, Karen J. Collishaw, Anthony N. DeMaria, Pamela S. Douglas, David P. Faxon, David W. Feigal, Gregg C. Fonarow, Lawrence Friedman, Robert L. Frye, Valentin Fuster, Timothy J. Gardner, Arthur Garson, Raymond J. Gibbons, Larry B. Goldstein, Augustus O. Grant, Lindsay A. Hampson, Robert A. Harrington, Edward F. Hines, John W. Hirshfeld, Marcia J. Jackson, Alice K. Jacobs, Rae Ellen Webb Kavey, Harry R. Kimball, David Korn, Joao A.C. Lima, Bruce D. Lindsay, David Wm Livingston, Beverly H. Lorell, Christine W. McEntee, Jon F. Merz, Joseph V. Messer, Rick A. Nishimura, Steven E. Nissen, Elizabeth Ofili, Erik Magnus Ohman, William W. Parmley, Carl J. Pepine, Eric D. Peterson, Bertram Pitt, Richard L. Popp, Eric N. Prystowsky, Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola, James L. Ritchie, Rose Marie Robertson, Thomas J. Ryan, Pravin M. Shah, Kenneth I. Shine, Lynn A. Smaha, Sidney C. Smith, L. Samuel Wann, Gayle R. Whitman, James T. Willerson, Michael J. Wolk, Douglas P. Zipes
Journal: Circulation (2004)
Circadian variation of sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with coronary artery disease and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
Authors: R Lampert, L Rosenfeld, W Batsford, F Lee, C McPherson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

While previous studies using epidemiological data and ambulatory ECG monitoring have shown peak occurrence of sudden death and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in the morning, none have examined circadian variation of potentially life-threatening ventricular tachycardia (VT), nor has any study observed circadian behavior of any arrhythmias in individuals followed longitudinally. We used the event memory of multiprogrammable implantable cardioverter-defibrillators to evaluate the circadian pattern of sustained VT over time.Data were reviewed from 32 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease and sustained VT who had received the Ventak PRX (CPI, Inc) cardioverter-defibrillator between May 1991 and August 1993 and had experienced at least one episode of VT terminated by their device. Mean follow-up was 14 +/- 7 months. Among the 2558 episodes recorded by the device logs, VT occurrence peaked between 6 AM and noon (P = .007 by ANOVA among four 6-hour time periods). Harmonic regression revealed a morning peak at 9 AM (P < .01). This morning peak occurred in patients with both frequent and infrequent events. Among 21 patients who experienced more than four VT events, 8 (38%) had an AM peak of VT occurrence (> 35% of VT between 6 AM and noon). Neither age, ejection fraction, event frequency, presenting arrhythmia, nor drug therapy distinguished patients who displayed the AM VT peak.In patients with coronary artery disease, sustained VT displays circadian variation with peak frequency in the morning, similar to that for sudden death. Individual patients who display specific patterns of circadian variation over time can be identified using defibrillator logs. Investigation of circadian variation of other phenomena to elucidate mechanisms of VT should focus on these patients.
MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.
Authors: F. Lerebours, G. Clairac, S. Tozlu-Kara, S. Vacher, R. Lidereau, I. Bieche
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: IBC (Inflammatory Breast Cancer) is a rare but very aggressive form of breast cancer with a particular phenotype. The molecular mechanisms responsible for IBC remain largely unknown. In particular, gene alterations specific to IBC remain to be identified. Emerging data suggest that microRNAs, a small class of non-coding RNAs able to regulate gene expression, are dysregulated in certain types of cancer and may therefore serve as tool for diagnosis and prediction. We aimed to determine a miRNA expression profiling (microRNAome) in IBC.Methods: We measured the miRNA expression levels of 936 miRNAs by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR in a well-defined series of 12 IBCs (stage T4d according to UICC classification), by comparison with 31 non stage-matched non inflammatory breast cancers (stage I to non inflammatory IIIB) and 8 normal breast tissues.Results: 573 microRNAs were retained for analysis (Ct &amp;lt; 32). Among these 573 miRNAs, 31 were significantly up-regulated (p&amp;lt;0,05 and fold-change &amp;gt; 2,5) in IBC compared with both non IBC and normal breast tissues. Five of the 31 up-regulated miRNAs were also significantly up-regulated in non IBC versus normal tissues. Eleven of the 31 up-regulated miRNAs showed fold-changes greater than 4 times between IBC and non IBC: miR-1308, miR-503, miR-1234, miR-1247, miR-612, miR-671, miR-1825, miR-1306, miR-99, miR-7-1, and miR-937.The expression levels of the 31 up-regulated candidate miRNAs are currently being measured using real time QRT-PCR in a new larger independent prospective series of 66 IBC collected in our institution between jul-03 and dec-08. Sixty-six non stage-matched non inflammatory breast tumor tissues are used as controls.Conclusions: This study represents the first analysis of miRNA expression in IBC. It may serve as a basis for functional studies of the role of miRNAs in the etiology of IBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6118.
Assessment of efficiency and safety of adenovirus mediated gene transfer into normal and damaged murine livers
Authors: T Nakatani
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> When recombinant adenoviruses are infused directly into the circulation, transgene expression is almost completely restricted to the liver. <h3>AIMS</h3> Efficiency and safety of adenovirus mediated gene transfer into damaged livers were examined in mice with liver cirrhosis or fulminant hepatitis. <h3>METHODS</h3> Liver cirrhosis and fulminant hepatitis were induced by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide and d-galactosamine followed by lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Mice were infused with adenoviruses carrying the <i>Escherichia coli</i>β-galactosidase gene,<i> lacZ</i> gene, into the tail vein. Transduction efficiency of the<i>lacZ</i> gene was estimated histochemically by X-gal staining and quantitatively using a chemiluminescent assay. Activation of adenovirus specific T cells and development of neutralising antibodies against adenovirus were also examined. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Histochemical evaluation revealed that approximately 40%, 80%, and 40% of cells in normal, cirrhotic, and fulminant hepatitis livers, respectively, were stained blue using X-gal staining. Quantitative analyses revealed that levels of <i>lacZ</i> expression in cirrhotic livers were approximately 2.5-fold and sixfold greater than those in normal and fulminant hepatitis livers, respectively. Although transgene expression in fulminant hepatitis livers was significantly lower than that in normal livers, marked levels of transgene expression were achieved even in fulminant hepatitis livers. Significant adverse effects of adenoviruses were not observed in damaged livers. There were no significant differences in cellular or humoral immune responses to adenoviruses among animals with normal, cirrhotic, and fulminant hepatitis livers. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Our results suggest that gene therapy with adenoviruses may be used efficiently and safely, even in patients with severe liver disease.
A 3D generalization of user-steered live-wire segmentation
Authors: Alexandre X. Falcão, Jayaram K. Udupa
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2000)

We have been developing user-steered image segmentation methods for situations which require considerable human assistance in object definition. In the past, we have presented two paradigms, referred to as live-wire and live-lane, for segmenting 2D/3D/4D object boundaries in a slice-by-slice fashion, and demonstrated that live-wire and live-lane are more repeatable, with a statistical significance level of P<0.03, and are 1.5–2.5 times faster, with a statistical significance level of P<0.02, than manual tracing. In this paper, we introduce a 3D generalization of the live-wire approach for segmenting 3D/4D object boundaries which further reduces the time spent by the user in segmentation. In a 2D live-wire, given a slice, for two specified points (pixel vertices) on the boundary of the object, the best boundary segment is the minimum-cost path between the two points, described as a set of oriented pixel edges. This segment is found via Dijkstra's algorithm as the user anchors the first point and moves the cursor to indicate the second point. A complete 2D boundary is identified as a set of consecutive boundary segments forming a "closed", "connected", "oriented" contour. The strategy of the 3D extension is that, first, users specify contours via live-wiring on a few slices that are orthogonal to the natural slices of the original scene. If these slices are selected strategically, then we have a sufficient number of points on the 3D boundary of the object to subsequently trace optimum boundary segments automatically in all natural slices of the 3D scene. A 3D object boundary may define multiple 2D boundaries per slice. The points on each 2D boundary form an ordered set such that when the best boundary segment is computed between each pair of consecutive points, a closed, connected, oriented boundary results. The ordered set of points on each 2D boundary is found from the way the users select the orthogonal slices. Based on several validation studies involving segmentation of the bones of the foot in MR images, we found that the 3D extension of live-wire is more repeatable, with a statistical significance level of P<0.0001, and 2–6 times faster, with a statistical significance level of P<0.01, than the 2D live-wire method, and 3–15 times faster than manual tracing.
Acute symptoms following exposure to grain dust in farming.
Authors: J Manfreda, V Holford-Strevens, M Cheang, C P Warren
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

History of acute symptoms (cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, stuffy nose, and skin itching/rash) following exposure to grain dust was obtained from 661 male and 535 female current and former farmers. These symptoms were relatively common: 60% of male and 25% of female farmers reported at least one such symptom on exposure to grain dust. Association of cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and stuffy nose with skin reactivity and capacity to form IgE is consistent with an allergic nature of these symptoms. Barley and oats dust were perceived as dust most often producing symptoms. On the other hand, grain fever showed a different pattern, i.e., it was not associated with either skin reactivity or total IgE. Smoking might modify the susceptibility to react to grain dust with symptoms. Only those who reported wheezing on exposure to grain dust may have an increased risk to develop chronic airflow obstruction.