tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
αdβ2 Integrin Is Expressed on Human Eosinophils and Functions as an Alternative Ligand for Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1)
Authors: Mitchell H. Grayson, Monica Van der Vieren, Sherry A. Sterbinsky, W. Michael Gallatin, Patricia A. Hoffman, Donald E. Staunton, Bruce S. Bochner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

The β2 family of integrins, CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, and αd, are expressed on most leukocytes. We show that the newest member of this family, αd, is expressed on human eosinophils in peripheral blood, and surface expression can be upregulated within minutes by phorbol ester or calcium ionophore A23187. Culture of eosinophils with interleukin 5 (IL-5) leads to a two- to fourfold increase in αd levels by 3–7 d without a change in α4 integrin expression. Eosinophils isolated from late phase bronchoalveolar lavage fluids express αd at levels similar to that seen after 3 d of IL-5 culture. Regarding αdβ2 ligands, in both freshly isolated and IL-5–cultured eosinophils, as well as αdβ2-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells, αdβ2 can function as a ligand for vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). This conclusion is based on the ability of monoclonal antibodies to αd, β2, or VCAM-1 to block cell attachment in static adhesion assays. In experiments with eosinophils, the relative contribution of αdβ2 integrin– mediated adhesion is enhanced after IL-5 culture. These experiments demonstrate that αdβ2 is an alternative ligand for VCAM-1, and this integrin may play a role in eosinophil adhesion to VCAM-1 in states of chronic inflammation.
THE PHYSICIAN OF THE PAST, THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE—A DEFINITION OF HIS SOCIAL POSITION.
Authors: JULIUS KOHL
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In this age of progress, when we behold a constant race for new discoveries in medicine and surgery, when nearly every day brings new surprises, it may not be amiss to pause and take a glance at our profession from a different point of view. May be we will discover that it needs a little attention in another direction. I admire every diligent worker, every untiring student. But with all this, the nobility of our profession must stand foremost. Our calling is not a business alone; neither honor nor the desire for dollars and cents alone are at stake. It is an exalted vocation. The unsullied social position of the physician should tower high above his other achievements. <h3>THE PHYSICIAN OF THE PAST.</h3> It is only for the purpose of introduction that I will dwell as concisely as possible on the history of medicine, and the physician of the past.
Multidisciplinary Imaging of Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Authors: DEBORA S. FINEMAN, SYMA D. BARAN, CHRISTOPHER J. PALESTRO, ELLEN S. GENDAL, STANLEY J. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Budd-Chiari syndrome, an uncommon entity, is produced by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow at the level of the hepatic venules, hepatic veins, or inferior vena cava. It is associated with hypercoaguable states, certain medications, thrombus (benign or malignant), oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and congenital webs.
Expert patients usher in a new era of opportunity for the NHS
Authors: L. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

“This patient knows more about her disease than I do.” This passing remark was made more than 30 years ago to a group of new medical students as we stood around the bedside of a woman with longstanding diabetes mellitus. It is a sentiment that has probably been expressed or felt by doctors many thousands of times since.

Yet until recently the wisdom and experience of the patient has been only a tacit form of knowledge whose potential to improve the outcome of care and quality of life has been largely untapped. In England alone, there are now nearly 10 million people with a chronic disease. It has been estimated that non-communicable diseases account for almost 40% of deaths in developing countries and 75% in industrialised countries.

Strong evidence that the expertise of patients could be harnessed to play a part in addressing the challenge of this shifting burden of disease came from Professor Kate Lorig and her colleagues at Stanford University, California. She started to develop and evaluate programmes for people with arthritis …
A Phase I Evaluation of Oral CI-1033 in Combination with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin as First-Line Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Alberto A. Chiappori, Peter M. Ellis, John Turner Hamm, Jacob David Bitran, Irene Eiseman, Jennifer Lovalvo, Diana Burnett, Stephen Olson, Peter Lenehan, Ralph Goldman Zinner
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
Case 29-1987
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, David W. Rattner, Carolyn C. Compton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Presentation of CaseA 26-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of obstructive jaundice.There was a history of inflammatory bowel disease that began at the age of 14 years and was treated successfully on an outpatient basis with prednisone. Two mild flare-ups occurred in subsequent years and were managed well with sulfasalazine. Flexible-sigmoidoscope examination one year before entry was reported to show only a few aphthous ulcers.The patient was well otherwise until three or four weeks before admission, when he experienced nausea, vomiting, chills, and a rise in the temperature to a maximum of 38.3°C, with prompt . . .
702–5 Improved Survival After Fontan Operation for 62 Heterotaxy Patients
Authors: Frank Cetta, Robert H. Feldt, Patrick W. O’Leary, Douglas D. Mair, Carole A. Warnes, Kenneth P. Offord, Francisco J. Puga, Hartzell V. Schaff, Gordon K. Danielson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
LED ASTRAY.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS BEFORE THE SECTION ON PHARMACOLOGY, AT THE FIFTY-SIXTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, PORTLAND, ORE., JULY 11-14, 1905.
Authors: HEINRICH STERN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

A cat, who had lived for years with a family and was beloved by it, on one of his nightly strolls, met an owl. "Oh, bird of wisdom," exclaimed the cat, "how I wish that I had some of your learning! I pray you take me with you on your explorations and be my instructor." "Hoot, hoot," answered the owl; "and what will be my reward?" "I will give you all the mice that I catch," responded the cat, "and I am deemed an able hunter." From that time on the cat accompanied the owl, sat at its feet and listened to its wise sayings. But with the newly acquired wisdom the cat grew arrogant; his former associations, his simple life, the fireside where he had so long been welcomed, the gentle care of the housewife, were forgotten by him or disdained. "I am no longer your pupil, owl," said
Where the Rubber Meets the Road: A Cyclist's Guide to Teaching Professionalism
Authors: Kelly Fryer-Edwards, Amy Baernstein
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

(2004). Where the Rubber Meets the Road: A Cyclist's Guide to Teaching Professionalism. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 22-24.
Effects of amrinone on myocardial energy metabolism and hemodynamics in patients with severe congestive heart failure due to coronary artery disease.
Authors: J R Benotti, W Grossman, E Braunwald, B A Carabello
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Amrinone has been shown to exhibit a potent inotropic effect in patients with heart failure secondary to congestive cardiomyopathy, but its effects on myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and coronary blood flow (CBF) are unknown. Accordingly, the hemodynamic, myocardial metabolic and ECG responses to amrinone (2.5 mg/kg i.v. over 1 hour) were measured in nine patients with congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Increases were observed in cardiac index (1.3 +/- 0.4 to 2.2 +/- 0.7 l/min/m2) and left ventricular stroke work (10.6 +/- 3.0 to 19.2 +/- 6.3 g-m/m2), and decreases in mean pulmonary wedge (31 +/- 5 to 26 +/- 4 mm Hg), mean pulmonary artery (44 +/- 8 to 36 +/- 7 mm Hg) and mean right atrial pressures (18 +/- 4 to 10 +/- 4 mm Hg), myocardial arteriovenous oxygen difference (129 +/- 19 to 109 +/- 17 ml/l), CBF (215 +/- 117 to 178 +/- 84 ml/min) and MVO2 (27 +/- 14 to 19 +/- 9 ml/min). All changes were significant (p less than 0.01). No significant changes occurred in aortic mean pressure, heart rate, myocardial lactate extraction or ECG, and no patient developed angina. In explaining the decline in MVO2, it is possible that the increase in contractility was more than offset by the reductions in preload and afterload. The amrinone-induced hemodynamic improvement in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease was associated with reductions in MVO2 and CBF and no evidence of myocardial ischemia.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Vein Harvesting After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting”
Authors: Lawrence J. Dacey, David J. Malenka, Elaine M. Olmstead, Cathy S. Ross, Gerald T. O'Connor, Donald S. Likosky, John H. Braxton, Robert S. Kramer, Joseph D. Schmoker, David C. Charlesworth, Robert E. Helm, Stephan R. Jones, Carmine Frumiento, Gerald L. Sardella, Robert A. Clough
Journal: Circulation (2011)

We appreciate the thoughtful comments of Dr Deutsch and colleagues to our article about the effect of endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) on long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. 1 Although Dr Deutsch and colleagues raise some concerns over the report from the International Society of Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery, one must keep in mind that this report was a Consensus Statement relative to the evidence surveyed at that particular point in time, namely articles published between 1996 and 2002. 2 Even though such documents are helpful in synthesizing the breadth of literature, it is paramount that they be updated as new evidence comes to light.Our regional quality improvement organization undertook a prospective observational study to understand whether everyday saphenous vein harvesting practice within northern New England was associated with poorer long-term outcomes.We focused on the time period in which EVH and its open counterpart (open vein harvesting) were both being used, as well as a time frame that was similar to that reported by Lopes and colleagues. 3We were comforted to find that regional use of EVH was not associated with harm, and in fact in many instances provided superior outcomes, such as a significant reduction in long-term mortality.Nonetheless, EVH was associated with a nonsignificant increased risk of repeat revascularization.We fully agree that efforts aimed at developing and instituting optimal EVH technique should continue.Advancements in technology should aide in these efforts.
High-Density Lipoprotein Restores Endothelial Function in Hypercholesterolemic Men
Authors: Lukas E. Spieker, Isabella Sudano, David Hürlimann, Peter G. Lerch, Markus G. Lang, Christian Binggeli, Roberto Corti, Frank Ruschitzka, Thomas F. Lüscher, Georg Noll
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis-causing endothelial dysfunction, an early event in the disease process. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol inversely correlates with morbidity and mortality representing a protective effect. Therefore, we investigated the effects of reconstituted HDL on endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic men. Methods and Results — Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation to intraarterial acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively, was measured by forearm venous occlusion plethysmography in healthy normo- and hypercholesterolemic men. In hypercholesterolemics, the effects of reconstituted HDL (rHDL; 80 mg/kg IV over 4 hours) on acetylcholine- and SNP-induced changes in forearm blood flow were assessed in the presence or absence of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-NMMA. Hypercholesterolemics showed reduced vasodilation to acetylcholine but not to SNP compared with normocholesterolemics ( P &lt;0.0001). rHDL infusion increased plasma HDL cholesterol from 1.3±0.1 to 2.2±0.1 mmol/L ( P &lt;0.0001, n=18) and significantly enhanced the acetylcholine-induced increase in forearm blood flow without affecting that induced by SNP. rHDL infusion also improved flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (to 4.5±0.9% from 2.7±0.6%, P =0.02). NO synthase inhibition prevented the improvement in acetylcholine-induced vasodilation while leaving the response to SNP unchanged. Albumin infusion in an equivalent protein dose had no effect on vasomotion or lipid levels. Conclusions — In hypercholesterolemic patients, intravenous rHDL infusion rapidly normalizes endothelium-dependent vasodilation by increasing NO bioavailability. This may in part explain the protective effect of HDL from coronary heart disease and illustrates the potential therapeutic benefit of increasing HDL in patients at risk from atherosclerosis.
Carcinogens and Chemical Causes
Authors: Donald F. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The known and suspected causes of human bladder cancer fall into four groups: industrial chemicals, metabolites of foodstuffs, tobacco tar, and chronic mechanical stimulation. It has been known since 1895<sup>33</sup>that chronic industrial exposure to certain dye intermediates is associated with a high incidence of transitional cell bladder tumors. Occupational bladder tumors occur after a mean exposure time of 22.9 years and may involve 26% of the workers.<sup>34</sup>The commonest recognized cause of occupational bladder tumor is β-naphthylamine. A recently recognized cause of human bladder tumor is p-biphenylamine (xenylamine).<sup>35</sup>Benzidine, α-naphthylamine, and auramine<sup>36</sup>are also suspect. The common denominator of chemicals which cause human bladder cancer seems to be a structure embodying an aromatic amine which can be excreted as an orthohydroxylated urinary metabolite.<sup>37</sup>Agents which cause human transitional cell tumors are unique, since they appear not to be carcinogenic to other tissues. Experiments in
THE AUTONOMIC NERVE SUPPLY OF THE DISTAL COLON: AN ANATOMICAL AND CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: E. D. Telford, J. S. B. Stopford
Journal: BMJ (1934)

MANChIESTERIt appears certain that the effective treatment of some diseases of the distal colon, such as Hirschsprung's disease and some forms of constipation, lies in the performance of a sympathectomy.This noteworthy advance in surgery, based as it is on the foundation laid by Gaskell, Langley, and Anderson, is due to the work of many surgeons within recent years.Important contributions have been made by Wade, Trumble, Learmonth, Royle, ' 50 Considerable increase . .... ... 29 Loss of weight ...
The Effect of Potassium on the Occurrence of Petechial Hemorrhages in Renal Hypertensive Rabbits
Authors: DAVID B. GORDON, DOUGLAS R. DRURY
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

Administration of extra potassium to rabbits with renal hypertension reduces the incidence and severity of petechial hemorrhages. It also enables the animals to sustain higher blood pressure levels. Potassium apparently protects the vascular system to some extent against the damage caused by hypertension.
IFN-α gene therapy for woodchuck hepatitis with adeno-associated virus: differences in duration of gene expression and antiviral activity using intraportal or intramuscular routes
Authors: Pedro Berraondo, Laura Ochoa, Julien Crettaz, Fernando Rotellar, África Vales, Eduardo Martínez-Ansó, Mikel Zaratiegui, Juan Ruiz, Gloria González-Aseguinolaza, Jesús Prieto
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Gene delivery of IFN-α to the liver may represent an interesting strategy to maximize its antiviral efficacy and reduce side effects. We used a recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding woodchuck IFN-α (AAV-IFN) to treat animals with chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. The vector was given by intraportal or intramuscular route. Long-term transgene expression was detected after intraportal administration of an AAV encoding luciferase. In contrast, in the majority of the animals that received AAV-IFN through the portal vein, the expression of IFN-α was transient (30–40 days) and was associated with a significant but transient decrease in viral load. One animal, in which hepatic production of IFN-α persisted at high levels, died because of bone marrow toxicity. The disappearance of IFN-α expression correlated with the disappearance of AAV genomes from the liver. Intramuscular administration of AAV-IFN resulted in prolonged but fluctuating expression of the cytokine with no significant antiviral effect. In summary, this report shows that long-term expression of IFN-α in muscle is feasible but higher interferon levels might be needed to control viral replication. On the other hand, IFN-α gene delivery to the liver using an AAV vector induces a significant but transient antiviral effect in the woodchuck model.
TCT- 548 Proximal occlusion versus distal filter for cerebral protection during carotid stenting: a meta-analysis of MRI studies
Authors: Salvatore Cassese, Gjin Ndrepepa, Mateja Nerad, Lamin King, Heribert Schunkert, Adnan Kastrati, Ilka Ott, Massimiliano Fusaro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Erratum: Corrigendum: Identification of recurrent SMO and BRAF mutations in ameloblastomas
Authors: Robert T Sweeney, Andrew C McClary, Benjamin R Myers, Jewison Biscocho, Lila Neahring, Kevin A Kwei, Kunbin Qu, Xue Gong, Tony Ng, Carol D Jones, Sushama Varma, Justin I Odegaard, Toshihiro Sugiyama, Souichi Koyota, Brian P Rubin, Megan L Troxell, Robert J Pelham, James L Zehnder, Philip A Beachy, Jonathan R Pollack, Robert B West
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Sectarianism and the Philadelphia County Medical Society.
Authors: Edward B. Heckel
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Pittsburg, Pa., Oct. 26, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, October 26, page 1448, I notice with pleasure that you record that the Philadelphia County Medical Society has introduced a resolution to admit all reputable practitioners of whatever school. In Pittsburg we have been doing this for several years. In 1905 our county society (Allegheny County) adopted ordinances and by-laws providing that: "Any legal regular practitioner of good moral character and professional standing, who is willing to subscribe to the Code of Ethics of the American Medical Association, shall be eligible as a candidate for membership in this society, without any restriction as to time or college of graduation, or time of residence in the county, other than ample time to allow the censors to investigate his character and standing." The first graduate of a homeopathic school was admitted into membership in 1905 and since then several others have
Mother accused of killing son in “fabricated illness” case
Authors: Tim Wood
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A mother fatally poisoned her ailing 9 year old son to death by putting salt in his feed while he was being treated in hospital, the prosecuting counsel told an Old Bailey jury last week.

The prosecutor, Mr Nicholas Hilliard, alleged that Petrina Stocker, aged 42, had a rare syndrome whereby a person fabricates symptoms of illness in another. He alleged that Mrs Stocker also contaminated her son's urine samples with blood.

Mrs Stocker denies putting …
Reduced Skeletal Localization of 99mTc-Diphosphonate in Two Cases of Severe Osteoporosis
Authors: STANLEY B. LEVINE, JAMES E. HAINES, STEVEN M. LARSON, TONY M. ANDREWS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Technetium-99m skeletal scintigraphy was performed in two patients with clinically severe osteoporosis. In one, vertebral and pelvis isotope uptake were decreased, while skull localization was preserved. In the other, no accumulation of the agent occurred in the skeleton, the activity remaining in the blood pool. The first case illustrates the findings in post-menopausal osteoporosis. The second is a case of severe, endstage osteoporosis with absence of osteoblastic activity.
Acellular and Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Japan: Report of a Visit by US Scientists
Authors: James D. Cherry
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The report of the Public Health Service's Interagency Group to Monitor Vaccine Development, Production, and Usage published in this issue ofThe Journal 1 as well as the recent (Sept 22 to 24,1986) workshop on acellular pertussis vaccines in Bethesda, Md, sponsored by the same group, have provided valuable information about Japanese acellular pertussis vaccines. Using the data presented in the government report and at that workshop as well as in recent US studies 2-4 of a diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DTP) with a Japanese acellular pertussis component, we will review what could be expected if acellular pertussis vaccines were to replace whole-cell vaccines in the United States.  The available data indicate that fever (both in frequency and degree) and other common systemic reactions such as fretfulness, anorexia, vomiting, and drowsiness will be less common with the use of acellular pertussis vaccines. Although local reactions of some
AN IMMUNOLOGICAL AND ELECTROPHORETIC COMPARISON OF THE ANTIBODY TO C POLYSACCHARIDE AND THE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN OF ACUTE PHASE SERUM
Authors: Ely Perlman, Jesse G. M. Bullowa, Ruth Goodkind
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1943)

1. Studies of the precipitation reaction of C polysaccharide with C protein, and of C polysaccharide with C antibody are reported. The similarity between these two systems in this respect is demonstrated. 2. The differences between C protein and C antibody are emphasized. The differences between this protein and antibodies in general have been reported previously by others. 3. Electrophoretic studies show that C antibody is in the gamma globulin fraction of serum whereas C protein migrates with the alpha(1) globulin fraction of acute phase protein.
Dermatoscopic characteristics of acrochordon-like basal cell carcinomas in Gorlin-Goltz syndrome
Authors: Marta Feito-Rodríguez, Elena Sendagorta-Cudós, Marta Moratinos-Martínez, María José González-Beato, Raúl de Lucas-Laguna, Ángel Pizarro
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
A Feasible and Time-efficient Adaptation of NeuroSAFE for da Vinci Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Burkhard Beyer, Thorsten Schlomm, Pierre Tennstedt, Katharina Boehm, Meike Adam, Jonas Schiffmann, Guido Sauter, Corina Wittmer, Thomas Steuber, Markus Graefen, Hartwig Huland, Alexander Haese
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Diagnosis of Bone Metastasis by Photoscanning With Strontium 85
Authors: D. M. Sklaroff, N. D. Charkes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In 40 cancer patients with known or suspected metastases, strontium-85 photoscans showed good correlation with radiographic findings. Of 21 patients with radiographic changes in bone, the scan showed corresponding increments in strontium content in 18, irrespective of whether the x-ray lesions were osteolytic or osteoblastic. Three patients had positive scans despite absence of radiographic changes; biopsies of two of these revealed metastatic tumor in the scan-positive sites. Areas of abnormal strontium deposition were also noted in some patients with known bone metastases elsewhere, although no symptoms were present and x-rays appeared normal. The strontium-85 photoscan is useful also in depicting metastatic lesions in areas difficult to visualize on routine x-ray films, such as the sternum and scapula.
Prescribing practices and asthma control with hydrofluoroalkane-beclomethasone and fluticasone: A real-world observational study
Authors: David Price, Richard J. Martin, Neil Barnes, Paul Dorinsky, Elliot Israel, Nicolas Roche, Alison Chisholm, Elizabeth V. Hillyer, Linda Kemp, Amanda J. Lee, Julie von Ziegenweidt, Gene Colice
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Introducing Digestive Endoscopy with the “SimPrac-EDF y VEE” Simulator, Other Organ Models, and Mannquins: Teaching Experience in 21 Courses Attended by 422 Physicians
Authors: R. S. Lucero, J. O. Zárate, F. Espiniella, J. Dávolos, A. Apud, B. González, M. Grosso
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)