tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of Immunoglobulin E-binding Epitopes in Soybean Gly m conglycinin, Gly m glycinin G1/G2 and Two 2S Albumins Using Peptide Microarray Immunoassay
Authors: Y HAN, J LIN, L BARDINA, F BRUNI, R AYUSO, H SAMPSON
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
DIPHTHERITIC CRICOID PERICHONDRITIS AND NECROSIS.Read in the Section on Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: RAMON DE LA SOTA Y LASTRA
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The idiopathic inflammation of the laryngeal cartilages is considered a rare affection by the greater part of the authors; who instead affirm that the laryngeal perichondritis and chondritis, as manifestations of certain constitutional illnesses, pocken, typhoid fever, syphilis, lupus, cancer, tuberculosis and mercurial intoxication, are sicknesses which are observed frequently. I think that the idiopathic perichondritis appears many or more times than the symptomatic, and if we do not take notice of it with more attention, it is because it terminates generally by resolution, and passes without being noticed, and we believe it to be an inflammation limited to the mucous membrane, and to the immediately sub mucous tissue, which penetrates into the same cartilage. For which it is called intense inflammation of the arytenoid mucous membrane, that which not only invades the immediately submucous tissue, but that which reaches the crico-arytenoid articulation, beginning in many cases the phlogosis by
Cereblon expression is required for the antimyeloma activity of lenalidomide and pomalidomide
Authors: Yuan Xiao Zhu, Esteban Braggio, Chang-Xin Shi, Laura A. Bruins, Jessica E. Schmidt, Scott Van Wier, Xiu-Bao Chang, Chad C. Bjorklund, Rafael Fonseca, P. Leif Bergsagel, Robert Z. Orlowski, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2011)
THE TREATMENT OF VERTIGO AND SYNCOPE
Authors: SOMA WEISS
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Vertigo and syncope are common symptomatic manifestations, yet many physicians possess inadequate knowledge not only of the treatment but also of the fundamental nature of these states. Although usually vertigo and syncope are unrelated both in their pathogenesis and in their treatment, it is justifiable to consider them together because they are confused with each other. Vertigo, in a strict sense, describes an experience in which the patient has the sensation that the outer world is revolving about him (objective vertigo) or that he himself is moving in space (subjective vertigo). The latter experience can be reproduced simply by subjecting the patient to rapid whirling movements of some duration. Frequently, however, vertigo is used erroneously as a synonym for dizziness or giddiness to indicate an unpleasant sensation of disturbed relationship to surrounding objects in space. The terms dizziness and giddiness should be restricted to an abnormal sensation of unsteadiness characterized
A single centre experience of straight to test suspected UGI cancer service
Authors: V. M. Gordon, R. Madhotra, P. Steer
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The NHS Plan in July 2000 gave cancer services a high priority and government backing for reform of cancer services in England. One of the aims was to promote early detection of cancer. This led to introduction of 2-week wait for diagnostics and 1 month from referral to treatment. Milton Keynes launched their new 2-week wait Straight To Test Service (STT) in April 2006 thus taking out unnecessary first new appointment. <h3>Methods</h3> Analysed the information kept in secure database of all STT patients from April 2006 till mid November 2009. Evaluation of the last 100 consecutive referral proformas for appropriateness as per NICE guidelines was performed. The authors also undertook a patient satisfaction survey. <h3>Results</h3> 1053 patients were referred to the service in total. 904 patients underwent an OGD. The remaining patients had an alternate test or appointment if OGD was thought inappropriate. 99.5% of patients were offered a test or appointment within 2 weeks of referral. Average time to test was 10 days regardless of whether the patient rearranged. 45% of patients were male and 55% female. 82.5% of patients were over 55. The mean age was 67. Most patients had dyspepsia as the presenting symptom. The commonest combination of symptoms was that of dyspepsia and weight loss. Of the OGD9s performed 79% were abnormal versus 60% when previously audited. Overall 147 cancers (14%) were detected from 1053 patients. Of the 904 patients who had OGD 116 (12.8%) had cancers. Most of these were upper GI with the remainder found on further tests. 8% of patients who had an OGD had oesophageal cancer, 1.5% had gastric cancer and 0.1% had gastric lymphoma. Of the last 100 consecutive patients proformas that were assessed retrospectively for appropriateness 4% were inappropriate for 2-week wait but 3% of these needed a clinically urgent OGD, this is an improvement on previous audit (10.6%). Concerning follow-up; 51% were discharged to their GP after the initial test. Patient satisfaction questionnaire revealed overall 95% satisfaction of 60 patients who responded. A cost saving of £212 825 is estimated over 3.5 years that is £5000 a month in out-patient appointments. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall there has been an improvement in the service since initiation. Milton Keynes General Hospital is able to achieve initial diagnostics within 2 weeks of referral in 99.5% of cases. There is a high diagnostic yield from the tests performed. Importantly the authors have managed to reduce the number of inappropriate OGD9s likely as a result of an improved proforma being utilised which asks for more clinical information. The majority of their patients were satisfied. The authors have made a substantial saving in costs with this pathway. The authors wonder whether their experience would influence other Hospitals to use the same template for suspected UGI cancer.
Sporotrichoid Eruption in a Patient After Lung Transplantation
Authors: Michelle Scott, Karolyn Wanat, Lisa Pappas-Taffer
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Aman inhis 50spresentedwith purple nodules onhis left arm.He hadundergone lung transplantation for end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3months before presentation andwas takingprednisone,mycophenolatemofetil, and tacrolimus.Healsohad ahistoryof thalassemiaminor requiringblood transfusions andhad most recently received a transfusion 1 week before our evaluation. The day after his transfusion, he noted swelling at the intravenous catheter insertion site and subsequently developed a painful nodule.Over thenextweek,hedevelopedascendingerythemawithmultiple tender nodules extending from his left dorsal hand to his upper arm. He denied fevers,malaise, and other systemic symptoms. Physical examination revealed a purple, pustular nodule on the left dorsal hand with a palpable, erythematous cord extending up his arm (Figure, A). He had additional purple, superficial nodules tracking along the cord with deeper subcutaneous nodules proximally (Figure, B). He had no regional lymphadenopathy. Computed tomography of the lungs showed no evidence of infection. Magnetic resonance imaging of the left arm revealed soft-tissue swelling and subcutaneous nodules but no abscess, myositis, or osteomyelitis. A punch biopsy was performed (Figure, C). What is your diagnosis?
First-Trimester Placentation and the Risk of Antepartum Stillbirth
Authors: Gordon C. S. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextPreterm birth and low birth weight are determined, at least in part, during the first trimester of pregnancy. However, it is unknown whether the risk of stillbirth is also determined during the first trimester.ObjectiveTo determine whether the risk of antepartum stillbirth varies in relation to circulating markers of placental function measured during the first trimester of pregnancy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsMulticenter, prospective cohort study (conducted in Scotland from 1998 through 2000) of 7934 women who had singleton births at or after 24 weeks' gestation, who had blood taken during the first 10 weeks after conception, and who were entered into national registries of births and perinatal deaths.Main Outcome MeasuresAntepartum stillbirths and stillbirths due to specific causes.ResultsThere were 8 stillbirths among the 400 women with levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in the lowest fifth percentile compared with 17 among the remaining 7534 women (incidence rate per 10 000 women per week of gestation: 13.4 vs 1.4, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 9.2 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 4.0-21.4]; P<.001). When analyzed by cause of stillbirth, low level of PAPP-A was strongly associated with stillbirth due to placental dysfunction, defined as abruption or unexplained stillbirth associated with growth restriction (incidence rate: 11.7 vs 0.3, respectively; HR, 46.0 [95% CI, 11.9-178.0]; P<.001), but was not associated with other causes of stillbirth (incidence rate: 1.7 vs 1.1, respectively; HR, 1.4 [95% CI, 0.2-10.6]; P = .75). There was no relationship between having a low level of PAPP-A and maternal age, ethnicity, parity, height, body mass index, race, or marital status. Adjustment for maternal factors did not attenuate the strength of associations observed. There was no association between maternal circulating levels of the free β subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and stillbirth risk.ConclusionThe risk of stillbirth in late pregnancy may be determined by placental function in the first 10 weeks after conception.
Abstract A71: Distinct functions of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways in pancreatic acinar cell differentiation and initiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Guanglu Shi, Daniel DiRenzo, Stephen F. Konieczny
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Significance: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most fatal malignancies, partially due to the lack of early detection methods. Background: Efforts to understand the early stages of PDA progression have led to identification of Kras mutations as the initiating event and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) as one of the cellular precursors of PDA. Recently, several labs have demonstrated that PanINs can be generated from pancreatic acinar cells upon expression of Kras mutants in mouse models. This dramatic shift from differentiated acinar cells to duct-like PanIN cells, generally termed acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM), is accelerated by loss of Mist1, an acinar-restricted basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor. Despite this recent progress, the transcription and signaling networks that regulate ADM remain largely unknown. Results: To study these networks, we employed a collagen-based 3-dimensional (3D) culture model of ADM, where primary acinar cells can be transformed into duct-like cysts when treated with transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α). A similar acinar-to-ductal conversion was observed with primary acinar cells that express the KrasG12D mutant. Initial characterization of the ADM process revealed that the MAPK pathway is required in both settings. However, EGFR activity is required for TGF-α-induced conversion but not for KrasG12D-induced conversion. Consistent with previous data generated from mouse models, loss of Mist1 accelerates KrasG12D-induced conversion to ductal cysts in vitro. This accelerated ADM formation can be reversed by inhibition of EGFR, without affecting the basal level conversion induced by KrasG12D, suggesting that loss of Mist1 promotes transformation through an EGFR-dependent pathway. Further investigation has revealed that Mist1 directly activates transcription of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) gene, which encodes a classic ligand of EGFR. Conclusion: These data suggest that EGFR has a complex role in this ADM model. EGFR activity either promotes maintenance of acinar differentiation, or cooperates with KrasG12D-induced transformation, possibly depending on the functional specificity of different ligands. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):A71.
Health department to fund interferon beta despite institute's ruling
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Department of Health in England and Wales is considering new ways to fund treatment with interferon beta and glatiramer for multiple sclerosis (MS), including a unique “risk sharing” scheme in which the drugs would be funded only if treatment trials in individual patients showed they were effective.

The suggestion seems to undermine the recommendation that these drugs should not be funded by the NHS, which was made last week by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), the body that advises on the clinical and cost effectiveness of drugs.

A statement released last week set out the unusual proposal: “The Department of Health can confirm that it is in discussions with four manufacturers of beta interferon and related products, as well as other stakeholders. Our discussions are looking at a range of options, including the possibility of a ‘risk-sharing’ scheme in which the drug would be funded for relapsing-remitting MS patients.

“After a period of time an assessment would be made of whether the drug was working for patients. If it were, payments would continue. If not, payments to manufacturers would be reduced on a sliding scale.”

The department's statement argued that the suggestion was, in fact, in line with the institute's …
PORTAL CIRRHOSIS IN A CHILD, WITH SUCCESSFUL PALLIATION BY OMENTOPEXY FOR TWO YEARS
Authors: Martin Nordland
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The usual conception of cirrhosis of the liver denotes any type of sclerosis in which there is destruction of liver cells associated with a real or apparent increase of connective tissue. The terms "atrophic" and "hypertrophic" referring to the size of the liver should be abandoned, since they do not indicate any definite disease entity but more a description of the stage of the disease. Early in the hypertrophic stages of the disease, exudation and necrosis of liver cells are the prominent features and replacement by the healing process is yet in the background. Later, when a large proportion of the necrotic liver cells have become replaced by scar tissue through a process of healing, the liver is decreased in size; this is usually designated as "atrophic" cirrhosis. Any type of cirrhosis of the liver in childhood is a rare disease, but the portal or Laënnec type is especially uncommon
Increased Risk of Barrett's Esophagus Among Individuals Born Preterm or Small for Gestational Age
Authors: Lina Forssell, Sven Cnattingius, Matteo Bottai, Anna–Karin Edstedt Bonamy, Jesper Lagergren, Lars Agréus, Olof Akre
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Electric Uterine Morcellation—Reply
Authors: Kimberly A. Kho, Ceana H. Nezhat
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Porphyria: Reexamination of Psychiatric Implications
Authors: Karl Burgoyne, Randolph Swartz, Jambur Ananth
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1995)

Acute intermittent porphyria mimics a variety of commonly occurring disorders and thus poses a diagnostic quagmire. Psychiatric manifestations include hysteria, anxiety, depression, phobias, psychosis, organic disorders, agitation, delirium, and altered consciousness ranging from somnolence to coma. Some patients develop psychosis similar to schizophrenia. Psychiatric hospitals have a disproportionate number of patients with this disorder as only difficult and resistant patients accumulate there. Presence of photosensitive porphyrins in the urine is diagnostic. When porphyrins are absent, excess of alpha aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen are present in the urine. The definitive test is to measure monopyrrole porphobilinogen deaminase in RBCs. This diagnosis should be entertained in the following situations: (a) unexplained leukocytosis; (b) unexplained neuropathy; (c) etiologically obscure neurosis or psychosis; (d) 'idiopathic' seizure disorder; (e) unexplained abdominal pain; (f) conversion hysteria, and (g) susceptibility to stress. Porphyria is important in psychiatry as it may present with only psychiatric symptoms; it may masquerade as a psychosis and the patient may be treated as a schizophrenic person for years; the only manifestation may be histrionic personality disorder which may not receive much attention. Diagnosis is based on a high index of suspicion and appropriate investigation. Various psychotropic drugs exacerbate acute attacks. While it is important not to use the unsafe drugs in porphyric patients, it is also imperative to look for this diagnosis in cases where these drugs produce unprecedented drug reactions.
Causes of Persistent Dizziness
Authors: Kurt Kroenke, Christine A. Lucas, Michael L. Rosenberg, Barbara Scherokman, Jerome E. Herbers, Paul A. Wehrle, Joseph O. Boggi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

▪ Objective: To determine the causes of persistent dizziness in outpatients. ▪ Design: Consecutive adult outpatients presenting with a chief complaint of dizziness. ▪ Setting: Four clinics (internal medicine, walk-in, emergency room, and neurology) in a teaching hospital. ▪ Patients: Of 185 patients presenting during the 10-month study period, 51 (28%) had minimal or no dizziness at 2-week follow-up. Of the remaining 134 patients, 100 completed the study protocol (mean age, 62 years; range, 20 to 85 years). ▪ Measurements: Evaluation included a detailed study questionnaire, standardized physical examination, vestibular testing by a neuro-ophthalmologist, laboratory tests, audiometry, and a structured psychiatric interview. Data were abstracted onto a standard form and reviewed by three raters. Raters independently assigned diagnoses using explicit criteria, with the final cause determined by consensus. ▪ Results: Primary causes of dizziness included vestibular disorders (54 patients), psychiatric disorders (16 patients), presyncope (6 patients), dysequilibrium (2 patients), and hyperventilation (1 patient); dizziness was multicausal in 13 patients and of unknown cause in 8 patients. Many of those with a single primary cause, however, had at least one other condition contributing to their dizziness; only 52% of patients had a single "pure" cause. Thirty patients had a potentially treatable primary cause, the most common being benign positional vertigo (BPV) (16%) and psychiatric disorders (6%). Central vestibulopathies detected in 10 patients were presumably vascular or idiopathic in origin. No brain tumors or cardiac arrhythmias were found. ▪ Conclusions: Vestibular disease and psychiatric disorders are the most common causes of persistent dizziness in outpatients. In about 50% of patients with dizziness, more than one factor causes or aggravates symptoms. Life-threatening causes were rare, even in our elderly population.
LEUCODERMA IN ANCIENT INDIAN MEDICINE.
Authors: BIRENDRA N. PRASAD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article LEUCODERMA IN ANCIENT INDIAN MEDICINE. Get access BIRENDRA N. PRASAD, M.D., Ph.D., D.Phil. (Calcutta). BIRENDRA N. PRASAD, M.D., Ph.D., D.Phil. (Calcutta). Assistant Director, Institute of Pharmacy, Sultanganj, Patna 6, Bihar, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 6, 1 June 1966, Page 355, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb14691.x Published: 01 June 1966
Chlorination Disinfection By-products and Pancreatic Cancer Risk
Authors: Minh T. Do, Nicholas J. Birkett, Kenneth C. Johnson, Daniel Krewski, Paul Villeneuve
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Chlorination disinfection by-products (CDBPs) are produced during the treatment of water with chlorine to remove bacterial contamination. CDBPs have been associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. There is also some evidence that they may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. We report results from a population-based case-control study of 486 incident cases of pancreatic cancer and 3,596 age- and sex-matched controls. Exposure to chlorination by-products was estimated by linking lifetime residential histories to two different databases containing information on CDBP levels in municipal water supplies. Logistic regression analysis found no evidence of increased pancreatic cancer risk at higher CDBP concentrations (all odds ratios < 1.3). Null findings were also obtained assuming a latency period for pancreatic cancer induction of 3, 8, or 13 years.
Electrocardiograph service for general practitioners.
Authors: I. Ross-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1968)

the investigation of suspected myclomatosis.His formal intelligence, as assessed by medical testing, was diminished.He failed the Babcock sentence seven times and could only repeat five numbers forwards and four backwards after several attempts.On the other hand, he had a ready wit and a sharp repartee.His affect was normal.No local abnormalities of the nervous system were detected.There was a vague history of taking quinalbarbitone, amnylobarbitone, or carbromal, and also Serensil (ethchlorvynol).After admission he was given no drugs.Three days later he had his first convulsion without premonition.A tonic phase during which he was cyanosed lasted a few minutes.There was faecal, but not urinary, incontinence.After the fit he was confused and disorientated in time and space, with immediate preictal amnesia.Later the same day he had a second fit and was subsequently given phenobarbitone.Postictal examination of the central nervous system showed hypertonicity and hyperreflexia.The gait was ataxic.No focal abnormalities were found.For four days after the convulsions there was marked mood change and confusion, his affect swinging between ebullience and aggression.He swore at the nurses and tried to strike them and had visual and auditory hallucin- ations.Eleven days after the fits, on discharge, his mood was normal.Tests following the con- vulsions-serology of the blood and C.S.F., esti- mation of the blood bromide, skull' x-rays, E.E.G., echogram, and gamma scan-showed no significant abnormality.