tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Physicians' Malpractice Claims History and Later Claims
Authors: Randall R. Bovbjerg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To investigate whether an association exists between physicians' past and subsequent claims of medical malpractice, particularly whether a history of even unpaid claims ($0) or small claims (&lt;$30 000) predicts subsequently higher rates of claims, especially large paid claims (≥30 000) (all in 1990 dollars). <h3>Data.</h3> —All medical malpractice claims closed in the state of Florida from January 1975 through August 1988 (N= 20 016,92% involving physicians), matched with the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile on all practicing physicians in the state of Florida during that period. Claims history was automated into physician-year claims files, then partitioned into a baseline period (1975 through 1980) and a subsequent period (1981 through 1983). Inconsequential claims were excluded, ie, cases closed without a named claimant and without expense for investigation (30.4% of raw claims). <h3>Methods.</h3> —Descriptive analysis of all physician claims; odds ratio analysis of physicians in practice throughout both periods (N=8247), comparing claims experience in baseline vs subsequent period, adjusted for specialty of practice. <h3>Results.</h3> —Fro all consequential physician claims, 60% were unpaid claims, 17% were small paid claims, and 23% were large paid claims. The 8247 continuously practicing physicians had a total of 6614 claims, averaging 0.9 per year, but 59.2% of physicians had no claims in 9 years, only 13.4% had any paid claims, and 7.2% had multiple paid claims. Less than 8% of physicians had any large paid claims during the baseline period, and less than 7% had any in the subsequent period. Physicians with any baseline claims (whether paid or unpaid, small or large, single or multiple) had elevated odds of subsequent claims (whether defined as any claims, any paid claims, any large claims, or multiple claims) relative to physicians with no baseline claims. With a baseline of all small claims, the adjusted odds ratio for any subsequent claim was 2.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.32 to 3.49), for any subsequent paid claim was 2.97 (95% CI, 2.34 to 3.77), for all large subsequent claims was 2.42 (95% CI, 1.76 to 3.33), and for subsequent multiple claims was 2.83 (95% CI, 2.08 to 3.86). Even having a single unpaid baseline claim approximately doubled the odds. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Claims history had predictive value, even with only unpaid claims. Small paid claims were better predictors than unpaid claims, large paid claims were better predictors than small paid claims, and multiple paid claims were better predictors than single paid claims. Claims history of all kinds is a reasonable statistical measure, eg, for the screening purposes of the National Practitioner Data Bank. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1421-1426)
Can Diabetes Be Cured?
Authors: Christopher D. Saudek
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Better systems, not guidelines, for glucose monitoring
Authors: Paris Roach
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Reynolds and Strachan propose that routine home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) not be used to monitor non-insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes due to lack of evidence of its benefit. Their underlying concerns are that unnecessary HBGM will result in unjustified costs and that it may adversely affect patients' quality of life. They also suggest that large randomized trials be performed to provide guidance on the optimal use of HBGM in this population.

The effectiveness of any glucose monitoring program is highly dependent on the ability …
Role of candida albicans infection in napkin rashes
Authors: P. N. Dixon, R. P. Warin, M. P. English
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Skin scrapings, mouth swabs, and faecal specimens from children with eruptions in the napkin area and from a series of normal infants were examined for the presence of Candida albicans.This was found in 41% of all napkin eruptions but in only one of the 68 normal infants. While C. albicans is a common secondary invader of all types of napkin eruption, primary Candida infection of the skin in the napkin area is probably uncommon.No evidence was found that generalized psoriasiform or eczematous eruptions occurring in association with napkin rashes are due to an allergic response to the fungus. C. albicans is more likely to be present in a napkin rash if the organism has been found in the alimentary tract.
Surveillance of Heroin-Related Deaths in Atlanta, 1971 to 1973
Authors: Michael Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The pathophysiology of heroin "overdose" deaths is not fully understood. Surveillance of these deaths and of the heroin content of glassine bags available at the "street level" in Atlanta in the 1971-to-1973 period disclosed a significant correlation between the occurrence of such deaths and the amount of heroin contained in the bags (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Case histories of one cluster of deaths suggest that novice users with a low level of opiate tolerance could have died from intake of amounts of heroin in excess of their tolerance. However, the data are also consistent with causes other than pharmacologic overdose. (<i>JAMA</i>229:677-678, 1974)
Budget Battles: Realities and Illusions
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Secretary Califano says that the health-related spending that the Administration has proposed for the fiscal year that begins next October 1 is aimed at "disciplining the inefficient and eliminating the wasteful," and that it reflects "prudence as well as passion" in behalf of goals that are pursued "with clear eyes, as well as committed hearts."Senator Kennedy, who might be regarded as the shadow minister of health but for his arousal of grander suspicions, says that the spending plans contain "unacceptable reductions," and that "The American people will pay for this budget in the long run with their health."As . . .
Cytotechnologists' Proficiency and Laboratory Regulations
Authors: Thomas P. Eells
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  A recent Medical News article 1 summarizes the cytology community's opposition to some areas of the Final Rule, which revises Medicaid, Medicare, and Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act 67 programs. As an organization, we in the American Society for Cytotechnology agree at least in principle with many of the points made in the article.  The American Society for Cytotechnology does, however, disagree with the contention credited to Drs Lundberg and Wagner that cytotechnologists are trained to do nothing more than separate normals from abnormals and pass the abnormals on to the laboratory pathologist for his/her review. That statement indicates a lack of understanding of the real capabilities of cytotechnologists.  The fact of the matter is, the majority of pathologists in this country expect the cytotechnologist to render a specific preliminary interpretation on cytological specimens, both gynecologic and nongynecologic. These opinions are actively sought by most pathologists because they
Antiseptic Treatment of Smallpox.
Authors: S. C. Red
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Houston, Texas, May 21, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Journalof May 11 contains a communication from Dr. A. Bryan, Detroit, Mich., in which he claims to be "the original author of what may aptly be termed the antiseptic treatment of the disease (smallpox)." The date of the publication of this theory and practice in regard to smallpox is given as 1895. This theory and practice may have been original with Dr. Bryan, but in March, 1894, this same treatment and theory was thoroughly presented in the<i>Texas Sanitarian</i>, as originating with Dr. T. C. Osborne, of Cleburne, Texas. Dr. Osborne, however, was not the first physician to publish this theory. In August, 1896, I had the pleasure of receiving from Dr. J. Kornitzer, of Socorro, N. M., a pamphlet published by him in February, 1880, at Cincinnati, Ohio, in which he set forth the same views as Dr.
Mediastinal Staging Procedures in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer—Reply
Authors: Jouke T. Annema
Journal: JAMA (2011)

In Reply: Dr Pramesh and colleagues share our conclusion that the incorporation of endosonography (both EUS-FNA and EBUS-TBNA) into the staging algorithm for locally advanced NSCLC improves staging and patient care. However, they identify several barriers that could hinder implementation.
Hypocalcemia and Carbohydrate Intolerance
Authors: WILLIAM G. CUSHARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 February 1971Hypocalcemia and Carbohydrate IntoleranceWILLIAM G. CUSHARD JR., M.D.WILLIAM G. CUSHARD JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-2-299 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Drs. Sherman, Pfefferbaum, and Brown (Ann Intern Med 73:259-261, 1970) reported a case of hypoparathyroidism occurring in a patient with longstanding iron storage disease in whom an abnormal glucose tolerance test (GTT) was an incidental finding. The authors attributed this mild diabetes mellitus to either his genetic predistposition or to his iron overload. It seems to me that the hypocalcemie hypoparathyroid state per se should also have been considered as a possible cause for the abnormal GTT.Participation of calcium ion as an essential ingredient in numerous secretory mechanisms (1) and in particular its requirement in insulin...References1. RASMUSSEN H: Effects of calcium upon cellular metabolism. Ann Intern Med 60:526-528, 1964 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GRODSKYBENNETT GL: Cation requirements for insulin secretion in the isolated perfused pancreas. Diabetes 15:910-913, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MILNERHALES RC: The role of calcium and magnesium in insulin secretion from rabbit pancreas studied in vitro. Diabetologia 3:47-49, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LAMBERTJEANRENAUDJUNOD ABA: Organ culture of fetal rat pancreas. II. Insulin release induced by amino and organic acids, by hormonal peptides, by cationic alterations of the medium, and by other agents. Biochim Biophys Acta 184: 529-539, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. CURRYBENNETTGRODSKY DLG: Requirement for calcium ion in insulin secretion by the perfused rat pancreas. Amer J Physiol 214:174, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. SALVESEN H: A note on the relation of the parathyroids to carbohydrate metabolism. Acta Endocr (Kobenhavn) 16:349-354, 1954 MedlineGoogle Scholar7. CARMITTASTONER FR: Abnormal glucose and insulin responses to oral glucose during hypocalcemia. Diabetes 19 (suppl 1):380-381, 1970 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WILLIAM G. CUSHARDJR., M.D.Affiliations: Department of Medicine Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center Chicago, Ill. 60616 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1971Volume 74, Issue 2Page: 299-300KeywordsCalciumCarbohydratesDiabetes mellitusGeneticsGlucose tolerance testsHypocalcemiaHypoparathyroidismInsulin secretionRisk management ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Metoprolol Versus Amiodarone in the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jari Halonen, Pertti Loponen, Otso Järvinen, Jari Karjalainen, Ilkka Parviainen, Pirjo Halonen, Jarkko Magga, Anu Turpeinen, Mikko Hippeläinen, Juha Hartikainen, Tapio Hakala
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Current guidelines recommend β-blockers as the first-line preventive treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery. Despite this, 19% of physicians report using amiodarone as first-line prophylaxis of postoperative AF. Data directly comparing the efficacy of these agents in preventing postoperative AF are lacking.To determine whether intravenous metoprolol and amiodarone are equally effective in preventing postoperative AF after cardiac surgery.Randomized, prospective, equivalence, open-label, multicenter study. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00784316)3 cardiac care referral centers in Finland.316 consecutive patients who were hemodynamically stable and free of mechanical ventilation and AF within 24 hours after cardiac surgery.Patients were randomly assigned to receive 48-hour infusion of metoprolol, 1 to 3 mg/h, according to heart rate, or amiodarone, 15 mg/kg of body weight daily, with a maximum daily dose of 1000 mg, starting 15 to 21 hours after cardiac surgery.The primary end point was the occurrence of the first AF episode or completion of the 48-hour infusion.Atrial fibrillation occurred in 38 of 159 (23.9%) patients in the metoprolol group and 39 of 157 (24.8%) patients in the amiodarone group (P = 0.85). However, the difference (-0.9 percentage point [90% CI, -8.9 to 7.0 percentage points]) does not meet the prespecified equivalence margin of 5 percentage points. The adjusted hazard ratio of the metoprolol group compared with the amiodarone group was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.67 to 1.76).Caregivers were not blinded to treatment allocation, and the trial evaluated only stable patients who were not at particularly elevated risk for AF. The withdrawal of preoperative β-blocker therapy may have increased the risk for AF in the amiodarone group.The occurrence of AF was similar in the metoprolol and amiodarone groups. However, because of the wide range of the CIs, the authors cannot conclude that the 2 treatments were equally effective.The Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research and the Kuopio University EVO Foundation.
Cancer cases diagnosed as emergencies may be fewer than reported
Authors: L. Leaver, B. J. Gilbert, J. Jones, M. Allaby
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The news item highlighting survival after elective surgery for colorectal cancer reiterates dismay at the “stubbornly high proportion of patients who present as an emergency” (21% of cancers diagnosed between 1 April 2011 and 31 March 2012).1 2 Using data on cancers diagnosed during 2006-08,3 the current “Be Clear on Lung Cancer” campaign emphasises that “39% of lung cancer …
The AIDS Epidemic
Authors: Sheldon H. Landesman, Harold M. Ginzburg, Stanley H. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

During 1984 several important developments advanced our understanding of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A retrovirus known as human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III),1 also called lymphadenopathy-associated virus, was identified as the probable cause of AIDS.2 AIDS-associated retrovirus3 is also probably the same agent. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed to detect antibodies to HTLV-III,4 thereby providing an indicator of whether or not a person has been exposed to the virus. Clinical researchers have identified various therapeutic agents that appear to inhibit viral replication in vitro.5 , 6 Although the ultimate goal of all these research activities is . . .
Science in the Service of Human Rights
Authors: M. G. Bloche
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health Care Reform and the Need for Comparative-Effectiveness Research
Authors: Alvin I. Mushlin, Hassan Ghomrawi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Health care reform will eventually pit the goal of expanding health insurance coverage against strong pressure to reduce the growth in health care costs. If left to measures in the proposed reform legislation, cost containment will be driven primarily by marketplace incentives, programmatic initiatives, and organizational changes that would partially offset the costs of expanding coverage.1 These proposed economic policy changes and incentives, however, are not guaranteed to lead either to individual clinical decisions that will be in patients' best interests or to enhancement of the public's health. Rather, these forces are relatively blunt instruments that might nudge the health . . .
Contraception and the under-16s.
Authors: A Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1980)

for parathyroid hormone estimation, the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is relatively straightforward: the demonstration of inappropriate parathyroid hormone secretion in the face of hypercalcaemia confirms the diagnosis-.In our view, the use of indirect and less reliable tests for hyperparathyroidism, such as steroid suppression tests,4 is unnecessary.We wholeheartedly agree with the sentiment that intensive and long-term followup of patients with hypercalcaemia, which is mandatory, may prove to be at least as costly as parathyroid surgery.We therefore recommend that all patients with asymptomatic hypercalcaemia be referred to specialist centres with full facilities both for the investigation of calcium metabolism and for expert parathyroid surgery.
Coupling Aggressive Mass Removal with Microbial Reductive Dechlorination for Remediation of DNAPL Source Zones: A Review and Assessment
Authors: John A. Christ, C. Andrew Ramsburg, Linda M. Abriola, Kurt D. Pennell, Frank E. Löffler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The infiltration of dense non-aqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) into the saturated subsurface typically produces a highly contaminated zone that serves as a long-term source of dissolved-phase groundwater contamination. Applications of aggressive physical-chemical technologies to such source zones may remove > 90% of the contaminant mass under favorable conditions. The remaining contaminant mass, however, can create a rebounding of aqueous-phase concentrations within the treated zone. Stimulation of microbial reductive dechlorination within the source zone after aggressive mass removal has recently been proposed as a promising staged-treatment remediation technology for transforming the remaining contaminant mass. This article reviews available laboratory and field evidence that supports the development of a treatment strategy that combines aggressive source-zone removal technologies with subsequent promotion of sustained microbial reductive dechlorination. Physical-chemical source-zone treatment technologies compatible with posttreatment stimulation of microbial activity are identified, and studies examining the requirements and controls (i.e., limits) of reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes are investigated. Illustrative calculations are presented to explore the potential effects of source-zone management alternatives. Results suggest that, for the favorable conditions assumed in these calculations (i.e., statistical homogeneity of aquifer properties, known source-zone DNAPL distribution, and successful bioenhancement in the source zone), source longevity may be reduced by as much as an order of magnitude when physical-chemical source-zone treatment is coupled with reductive dechlorination.
Hyperostosis Cranialis Interna
Authors: Johannes J. Manni, Jan J. Scaf, Patrick L.M. Huygen, Johan R.M. Cruysberg, Wim I.M. Verhagen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

IN this report, we describe a curious and apparently unique genetic bone disorder in a white family. The main radiologic features are intracranial hyperostosis and osteosclerosis of the calvaria and the base of the skull; the mandible and skeleton are normal. Recurrent facial palsy is the primary clinical sign, and there is variable simultaneous impairment of the senses of smell, taste, and vision and of cochleovestibular function. This disorder can be classified among the craniotubular hyperostoses.Case ReportThe proband (III–7 in Fig. 1) was seen at 20 years of age because she had recurrent left facial-nerve palsy of three weeks' . . .