tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"How to Write a Medical Article—A Plea for Plagiarism."
Authors: W. E. Fitch
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Savannah, Ga., Dec. 2, 1903. Dr. G. Frank Lydston, Chicago: <h3>My Dear Doctor:</h3> —On Saturday last a friend informed me of a communication from you in the<i>Atlanta Journal</i>pertaining myself; I tried to secure a copy without avail; and was about to write you yesterday when another gentleman apprised me of another communication from you in this week's issue ofThe Journalof the A. M. Ass'n which I had not seen and which I have not yet had an opportunity of reading but was informed of the nature of your communication which was quite an unexpected supprise to me. And without a full explanation from me of the matter, I can appreciate your position. For several years I have been editing a medical journal, as well as doing a large practice, and have been compelled to rely largely on my stenographer for clerical office details, as well as
Global Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Authors: Darwin R. Labarthe, Sandra B. Dunbar
Journal: Circulation (2012)

A s part of a series of reports on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, this review provides a global perspective on the needs and opportunities for effective public health action.The global burden, disparities, and costs of CVD have been a mounting concern in recent decades, with repeated calls for action to arrest and reverse this global epidemic.Over the past decade, attention to the challenge and opportunity for meaningful intervention has grown.This is due in part to improved estimates of the magnitude of the problem; forecasts of its increasing adverse impact not only on health but also on social and economic development, especially in low-and middle-income countries; and assessments of the cost-effectiveness of feasible interventions.The case for CVD prevention and long-established intervention strategies are reviewed as background to recent developments.An extensive review and recommendations reported by the Institute of Medicine in 2010 signaled important potential changes in approaches to CVD prevention globally.In the current context of global health, CVD is seen not in isolation but as a major component of the leading noncommunicable diseases (NCDs): CVDs, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus.Accordingly, the broader arena of NCD prevention and control has come to predominate over CVD alone.From this viewpoint, 3 recent developments are of central importance: the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs; which omitted reference to NCDs), the global response that led to the historic High-Level Meeting of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on NCDs in September 2011, and currently proposed policies and recommendations on NCD prevention.The charge from the UNGA to the World Health Organization (WHO) in the declaration from the September 2011 meeting establishes an aggressive timeline for progress.Options for intervention are to be presented by the end of 2012, and an extensive review of progress is planned for 2014.Several opportunities, in principle, for the CVD community to contribute to this process in the interest of cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion and CVD prevention conclude this report.
On the Treatment of Compound Depressed Fractures of the Skull
Authors: S. Gamgee
Journal: BMJ (1876)

the relations of an artery, you will ascertain the guides to its exact position in the limb, and the points at which the circulation through it may be controlled by pressure, yet, in all probability, you will fail to recognise at least the first aneurism you see.You will observe the peritoneum, and follow it as it passes from above downwards, and from side to side; you will learn its reflexions, prolongations, and relations, and will be told that this-membrane forms the sac of a scrotal hernia, and yet, when you have done all this, you will not be able to diagnose a hernia.You will also, with especial care, dissect out the openings in the abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord na- turally descends, and the bowel in inguinal and scrotal hernia unnatu- rally passes.You will see the dimple of the internal ring and the striking pillars of the external, and yet, you will not, in the whole course of your experience, see these rings in the living body as you * I have given a full description of the action of this test, and of its value in prac- tice, in the Guy's Hoshihal Repor*s.The test is added Xuttatim, when, if the ex- tractives are presect, an immediate precipitation occurs.
Thyroid-Suppression Test in the Prognosis of Hyperthyroidism Treated by Antithyroid Drugs
Authors: Carl E. Cassidy, W. P. VanderLaan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

A CERTAIN proportion of patients treated for hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs remain well when medication is discontinued, and it is assumed that remission takes place at some time during the course of therapy. Currently, there is no way of knowing, short of stopping treatment, whether or not remission has been achieved, and it would be most useful to be able to determine when treatment has been sufficient.The high uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in hyperthyroidism remains high during treatment and for a variable period thereafter, and in hyperthyroidism the high uptake is not suppressed as it . . .
A CLINICAL STUDY OF TWENTY-ONE THOUSAND CASES OF DISEASES OF THE EAR, NOSE AND THROAT.
Authors: SETH SCOTT BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The following statistic table of 15,300 cases, combined with a table of 5,700 cases already published, represent the records of 21,000 treated during the past seventen years at the Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary in Chicago. The following table was compiled for me by my assistant, Dr. Charles L. Enslee. My first classification was instituted for the purpose of establishing a basis of calculation of the influence, if any, exerted by occupation, age or sex in the causation of diseases of the ear, nose and throat. The condition of each patient at the time he first presented himself at the clinic is presented to determine the relative frequency of the different diseases. As is common in charity hospitals, a considerable number of those who applied for treatment belonged to that class of laboring people who have no definite trade or fixed occupation. In order to facilitate investigation and simplify
Testing paternity: traditional methods usually adequate.
Authors: B E Dodd, P J Lincoln
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A wide variety ofinitial medical treatment has been tried to improve retinal venous flow but the results have been unrewarding.61923 Long term management should centre on the implications of underlying cardiovascular disease-in particular, the identification and treatment of hypertension is paramount, given the evidence that treatment may reduce the severity of some of its complications.24A similar approach to the treatment of hyperlipidaemia is also justified.25Patients with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and low HDL-cholesterol concentrations are probably most at risk of recurrence and need intensive medical treatment to try to prevent this.In our view use of controlled studies of the effects of such treatment is difficult to justify on ethical grounds in view of the important prognostic implications of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia with respect to coronary and cerebrovascular disease.And our preliminary results with an aggressive therapeutic regimen aimed at individual abnormalities have been encouraging: in 400 patients presenting consecutively over five years with a single episode of retinal vein occlusion and treated intensively there was only a 1% rate ofrecurrence compared with the 10-15% in historical series.
Whose Opinion Counts?
Authors: Charles L. Loprinzi, Debra L. Barton, Jeff A. Sloan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

This issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology publishes the results of two studies examining the role of palifermin for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Stiff et al report on the results from a randomized trial comparing palifermin with placebo for reducing mucositis in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. While the primary results of this trial were recently reported, the Stiff et al article is an extension of the previous report, whereby the authors provide data from patientcompleted questionnaires, comparing them with “clinician’s assessment of oral mucositis using the objective scales.” The results reported in this article are in concert with the recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of this drug. This report supports that palifermin is useful for preventing mucositis, to a clinically important degree, in patients that are receiving high-dose chemotherapy with a propensity to cause substantial mucositis, such as the chemotherapy regimen used in this trial. This is a move forward from the viewpoint of a 2003 editorial in the Journal entitled “Keratinocyte growth factor: Not yet ready for prime time.” The second article provides a balanced report of a relatively small randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of the same drug, trying to prevent mucositis induced by bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin. This study did demonstrate biologic activity of palifermin, with decreased mucositis in the treated group. Nonetheless, the results from this individual study are not likely to change clinical practice for several reasons, including the small study size, the decreased use of the bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin regimen in clinical practice, the availability of oral cryotherapy, not used in this trial, and the costs of the therapy. The remainder of this editorial will address two issues raised in the Stiff et al article: utilization of patient-completed questionnaire data and the propensity to blame assessment measures and clinical trial methodology for negative results when it is more likely to be related to the lack of efficacy of the agent being tested.
Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Frederick G. Berlinger
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This 435-page, softcover book covers all of the major topics in diabetology, many in a succinct and abbreviated format. The text falls somewhere between a pocket manual and a full-sized hardcover textbook in length, scope, and size. It is physically a little too large to carry around in one's pocket, but not so small as to get lost on a bookshelf. Of major interest is that it was not written only for physicians. Paramedical personnel such as nurses, dietitians, psychologists, and especially diabetic educators would all benefit from having the book. Some of the best portions include the concise summaries at the end of each chapter, which can be perused rapidly when the clinical need arises. Numerous up-to-date references are also listed at the end of each chapter. One entire chapter is devoted to patient education, an often neglected or too abbreviated subject even in much larger texts. The same
Fraud in Medical Research
Authors: Robert A. Shakman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Revelations about the fraudulent research of J. R. Darsee, MD, discussed the damage he did to medical science and the taxpayers who paid for his work. There is a need also to mention his apparent misuse of laboratory animals. While society permits researchers to experiment on animals, regulations require that laboratory animals be humanely treated and sacrificed only when scientifically necessary. Dr Darsee seems to have violated these standards in that, since his game was faking results, he had no legitimate need to use animals. His conduct should be further reviewed in light of laws that purport to prevent abuse of animals. As Plutarch noted, although boys throw stones at frogs in sport, the frogs die in earnest.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Occurring During Anticonvulsive Drug Therapy
Authors: John W. Benton
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In two patients who had been receiving prolonged anticonvulsant drug therapy for epilepsy there appeared a syndrome indistinguishable from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One, an 8-year-old boy who had been treated since the age of 3, died as a result of severe hemorrhagic manifestations. The other, a woman 19 years of age, had a similar history, and tests with LE cell preparations performed with peripheral blood were positive on 3 consecutive daily examinations; the test became negative and her musculoskeletal complaints disappeared when the treatment with trimethadione was discontinued. The authors suggest that some drugs may have the effect of unmasking a latent form of SLE.
Support Bahrain's imprisoned doctors
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Many of you will have been following the fate of the 20 Bahraini doctors and other health professionals caught up in the prodemocracy demonstrations in February.After being arrested and in some cases tortured, the doctors were then put through what Amnesty International has called a "sham" trial, and despite international pressure on Bahrain's government, they were last week given "ludicrous" sentences of up to 15 years (doi:10.1136/bmj.d6336).Another 27 health professionals are facing lesser charges and awaiting verdicts.Charged with playing a key role in inciting hatred of the regime, distributing false news, and refusing to treat Sunni patients, the doctors say they have been persecuted for treating wounded anti-government protestors.Most of them worked at Bahrain's only major medical centre, which became the epicentre of the unrest.The doctors deny sectarian bias in treating patients.News of the sentences has caused outrage among medical and human rights groups.In what Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) calls "the most extreme violations of medical neutrality in the past half century," commentators from around the world agree that the doctors are being punished for doing what international codes of medical ethics require-treating all patients regardless of their political, ethnic, or religious allegiance (doi:10.
Outcomes of Early Pubertal Timing in Young Women: A Prospective Population-Based Study
Authors: William Copeland, Lilly Shanahan, Shari Miller, E. Jane Costello, Adrian Angold, Barbara Maughan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2010)

Early pubertal timing in girls is associated with psychosocial problems throughout adolescence, but it is unclear whether these problems persist into young adulthood. The authors analyzed outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood in girls in a longitudinal study.The data for this study were from the prospective population-based Great Smoky Mountains Study (N=1,420), which initially recruited children at ages 9, 11, and 13 and followed them into young adulthood. Pubertal timing was defined on the basis of self-reported Tanner stage and age at menarche. Outcome measures included functioning related to crime, substance use, school/peer problems, family relationships, sexual behavior, and mental health in adolescence (ages 13 to 16) as well as crime, substance use, education/socioeconomic status, sexual behavior, and mental health in young adulthood (ages 19 and 21).In adolescence, early-maturing girls displayed higher levels of self-reported criminality, substance use problems, social isolation, early sexual behavior, and psychiatric problems. By young adulthood, most of these differences had attenuated. Functioning for early maturers improved in some areas; in others, on-time and late maturers had caught up with their early-maturing peers. Nevertheless, early-maturing girls, particularly those with a history of adolescent conduct disorder, were more likely to be depressed in young adulthood compared to their counterparts. Early maturers were also more likely to have had many sexual partners.The effects of early pubertal timing on adolescent psychosocial problems were wide ranging but diminished by young adulthood for all but a small group.
Asthma Drug Improves Cognitive Function in Down Syndrome Model
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Some New Twists to One of Most Common Procedures in US General Surgery
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

CHANGES IN performing one of the most common procedures in general surgery were presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Surgeons, in Atlanta, Ga, by two innovators in the area of inguinal hernia repair. The techniques they describe are aimed at decreasing the pain, length of recovery time, and 20% recurrence rate heretofore often associated with this operation. Ralph Ger, MD, chair, Department of Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, professor of surgery at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and professor of anatomy at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, has perfected a technique using a laparoscope and a new stapling device. In Ger's hands, the minimally invasive technique routinely used for ligation of fallopian tubes to effect sterility in women is used to close the hernial opening in the abdominal wall while preserving fertility in men. Another aspect of hernia surgery was
Bicalutamide Monotherapy versus Flutamide plus Goserelin in Prostate Cancer: Updated Results of a Multicentric Trial
Authors: Francesco Boccardo, Mario Barichello, Michele Battaglia, Giorgio Carmignani, Giancarlo Comeri, Valentino Ferraris, Sergio Lilliu, Franco Montefiore, Filippo Portoghese, Pietro Cortellini, Patrizio Rigatti, Enzo Usai, Alessandra Rubagotti
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Management of benign intrahepatic bile duct strictures: initial experience with polydioxanone biodegradable stents
Authors: J. Petrtýl, R. Brůha, L. Horák, Z. Zádorová, J. Doseděl, H.-U. Laasch
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Benign biliary strictures are challenging to manage. They often affect young patients, and although they have a good long-term prognosis, they frequently recur and patients remain at risk of life-threatening cholangitis and liver cirrhosis. Older patients may not be fit for surgery or multiple procedures, but permanent stent insertion has a poor outcome.
Efficacy and Safety of Sertraline Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Kathleen Brady, Teri Pearlstein, Gregory M. Asnis, Dewleen Baker, Barbara Rothbaum, Carolyn R. Sikes, Gail M. Farfel
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Despite the high prevalence, chronicity, and associated comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the community, few placebo-controlled studies have evaluated the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for this disorder.To determine if treatment with sertraline hydrochloride effectively diminishes symptoms of PTSD of moderate to marked severity.Twelve-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial preceded by a 2-week, single-blind placebo lead-in period, conducted between May 1996 and June 1997.Outpatient psychiatric clinics in 8 academic medical centers and 6 clinical research centers.A total of 187 outpatients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition diagnosis of PTSD and a Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Part 2 (CAPS-2) minimum total severity score of at least 50 at baseline (mean age, 40 years; mean duration of illness, 12 years; 73% were women; and 61.5% experienced physical or sexual assault).Patients were randomized to acute treatment with sertraline hydrochloride in flexible daily dosages of 50 to 200 mg/d, following 1 week at 25 mg/d (n=94); or placebo (n=93).Baseline-to-end-point changes in CAPS-2 total severity score, Impact of Event Scale total score (IES), and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), and CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) ratings, compared by treatment vs placebo groups. Results Sertraline treatment yielded significantly greater improvement than placebo on 3 of the 4 primary outcome measures (mean change from baseline to end point for CAPS-2 total score, -33.0 vs -23.2 [P =.02], and for CGI-S, -1.2 vs -0.8 [P=.01]; mean CGI-I score at end point, 2.5 vs 3.0 [P=.02]), with the fourth measure, the IES total score, showing a trend toward significance (mean change from baseline to end point, -16.2 vs -12.1; P=.07). Using a conservative last-observation-carried-forward analysis, treatment with sertraline resulted in a responder rate of 53% at study end point compared with 32% for placebo (P=.008, with responder defined as >30% reduction from baseline in CAPS-2 total severity score and a CGI-I score of 1 [very much improved], or 2 [much improved]). Significant (P<.05) efficacy was evident for sertraline from week 2 on the CAPS-2 total severity score. Sertraline had significant efficacy vs placebo on the CAPS-2 PTSD symptom clusters of avoidance/numbing (P=.02) and increased arousal (P=.03) but not on reexperiencing/intrusion (P=.14). Sertraline was well tolerated, with insomnia the only adverse effect reported significantly more often than placebo (16.0% vs 4.3%; P=.01).Our data suggest that sertraline is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective treatment for PTSD.
London hospital to face High Court for allegedly refusing to resuscitate disabled girl
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A hospital's alleged “unlawful refusal” to resuscitate a disabled 10 year old girl with severe breathing difficulties is to be challenged in the High Court in London. The case, which has far reaching implications for the NHS, could become a test case for the rights of disabled people to have the same life preserving treatment as those who are able bodied.

Mr Justice Newman gave the girl's mother permission to seek a judicial review last June, saying that the case raised fundamental questions of human rights.

The health secretary, John Reid, and …
The effect of completeness of revascularization on event-free survival at one year in the arts trial
Authors: Marcel J.B.M van den Brand, Benno J.W.M Rensing, Marie-angèle M Morel, David P Foley, Vincent de Valk, Arno Breeman, Harry Suryapranata, Maximiliaan M.P Haalebos, William Wijns, Francis Wellens, Rafael Balcon, Patrick Magee, Expedito Ribeiro, Enio Buffolo, Felix Unger, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)