tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines Offer "Roadmap" for Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of matrix stiffness of injectable hydrogels on the preservation of cardiac function after a heart attack
Authors: Marian Plotkin, Srirangam Ramanujam Vaibavi, Abdul Jalil Rufaihah, Venkateswaran Nithya, Jing Wang, Yonatan Shachaf, Theo Kofidis, Dror Seliktar
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Postmenopausal Estrogen Use and Heart Disease Risk Factors in the 1980s
Authors: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Postmenopausal estrogen use and risk factors for heart disease were assessed in 1057 women, aged 50 to 79 years, who were enrolled in an ongoing study of residents of an upper—middle-class community. From 1984 through 1987, thirty-one percent of the women reported current estrogen use, a rate equivalent to that determined in one survey of the same population done from 1972 through 1974. Compared with nonusers, current users did not have a more favorable cardiac risk factor profile before use, but users were more likely to have had a surgically induced menopause and to have been estrogen users during the survey done from 1972 through 1974. Similar to our earlier findings, current estrogen use was associated with lower weight, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose level than nonuse. Levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were inversely related to estrogen dose; levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were positively related to the duration of use. In this cross-sectional study, blood pressure and lipoprotein and plasma glucose levels were similar in women receiving estrogen alone and in women receiving combination estrogen and progestin therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:2095-2100)
WHO issues global alert on respiratory syndrome
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The World Health Organization has issued a global alert as reports of over 150 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome, an atypical pneumonia of unknown cause, came in from Vietnam and Hong Kong, as well as Canada, Taiwan, Thailand, and Singapore.

By 17 March nine deaths had been reported, seven in Asia and two in Canada. Doctors were also treating two people in Frankfurt, Germany, who had flown in from Singapore and a patient in Manchester, who had recently flown in from Hong Kong (see article below).

WHO is working with authorities in China, …
p120-Catenin Is Required for Mouse Vascular Development
Authors: Rebecca G. Oas, Kanyan Xiao, Susan Summers, Kristin B. Wittich, Christine M. Chiasson, W. David Martin, Hans E. Grossniklaus, Peter A. Vincent, Albert B. Reynolds, Andrew P. Kowalczyk
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

p120-catenin (p120) is an armadillo family protein that binds to the cytoplasmic domain of classical cadherins and prevents cadherin endocytosis. The role of p120 in vascular development is unknown.The purpose of this study is to examine the role of p120 in mammalian vascular development by generating a conditionally mutant mouse lacking endothelial p120 and determining the effects of the knockout on vasculogenesis, angiogenic remodeling, and the regulation of endothelial cadherin levels.A conditional Cre/loxP gene deletion strategy was used to ablate p120 expression, using the Tie2 promoter to drive endothelial Cre recombinase expression. Mice lacking endothelial p120 died embryonically beginning at embryonic day 11.5. Major blood vessels appeared normal at embryonic day 9.5. However, both embryonic and extraembryonic vasculature of mutant animals were disorganized and displayed decreased microvascular density by embryonic day 11.5. Importantly, both vascular endothelial cadherin and N-cadherin levels were significantly reduced in vessels lacking p120. This decrease in cadherin expression was accompanied by reduced pericyte recruitment and hemorrhaging. Furthermore, p120-null cultured endothelial cells exhibited proliferation defects that could be rescued by exogenous expression of vascular endothelial cadherin.These findings reveal a fundamental role for p120 in regulating endothelial cadherin levels during vascular development, as well as microvascular patterning, vessel integrity, and endothelial cell proliferation. Loss of endothelial p120 results in lethality attributable to decreased microvascular density and hemorrhages.
The Symmetrical Distribution of Herpes Zoster
Authors: R. Saundby
Journal: BMJ (1885)

tI##{qi+o barked.Spme a ers ago ., m,uch struck wiitlJ sonm relnarks ai I hiled Aklebi Vi. u~lift f is~bh ha thie d itat ti VT teiip6iatuie|ii 1efb6 bdbthsit-a ptirciy'p1ieii6nEitti, enit, limp1y upon.alvstraction. of heat. 1 had been using dualdi#tl8s rn'hYperpyrezia, lacing the 'p tierntln,n*attr aft 1ft, Oiad .ol-itig-the watdr very evetlly dow tow 7eO; or 15" dirmnghaf au hour.Tha result had.been, in some cases an abatementcfte4iX perate' as' ligo as ten degrees; and with-tks had coraesleeb,replaing .in-'6iia7calm,.replacingdeiium, eaey threja daoiiY aitiugih.The ¢hage ih the ndrrdu$ ettei from ezXitcieznt Jto ;.tranXyllity 'hsd( beet 'as' pron=mUced as the reductio6n of t6et4~ratifre.`$ooniV9t0r!ar4ej -I -id9 an& ep6trwIuental test ot I thcepow of indlh 'btl td Tedues the1 -tehperature of &a deAde ody Vo such ag 'feni.' h6ed'iVe; bt1 df: a Pers&iidekd the`day bed&oie atdr ri or.ntisafd as6dikn'bau -hbatedA, and maintailed& At ltt7 WVsh., iutil'1ft *aftained Sy the ihetmometer that it *as l ted rcYfi.ThtI$aced theiro - moters in th-e ody`, t ruot-Ioi i aid t 1#iiu depths, iakixj care bo to imhpla±it thetn* that the, er-rvon4ha* no aceas to their ,b'dlbg --adth;dJi r-&obio 1h w&ft'`f6'b 4";,S d:'i;bSutt bulbs aN'thet, o b ol e
Fibro-Cystic Tumour of the Uterus, which required tapping
Authors: P. Hewett
Journal: BMJ (1850)

the care of Dr. Wilson, with great swelling and distension of the abdomen The symptoms, which had existed about twelve months, had been at first confined to the left iliac fossa, but had subsequently spread over the greater part of the belly.Fluctuation was very evident in various
Vitreous Fluorophotometry in Patients with No or Minimal Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Pritpal Chahal, Timothy J Fallon, Stephen J Jennings, Philip J Chowienczyk, Eva M Kohner
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

Vitreous fluorophotometry was used to estimate fluorescein leakage into the posterior vitreous of 20 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with no or minimal diabetic retinopathy 60 min after intravenous administration of 14 mg · kg−1 fluorescein. The permeability coefficient (p), a measure of fluorescein penetration through the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) into the vitreous, and the diffusion coefficient (D), a measure of fluorescein dispersion within the vitreous, were obtained by fitting a mathematical model to the vitreous fluorescence scan and plasma free fluorescence curve. A permeability index (PI) was also derived by dividing the area under the fluorescence scan by the area under the plasma free fluorescence time curve. The fluorescence concentrations at discrete distances from the retina were also noted. The mean ± SD for p, D, and PI were 1.95 ± 1.03 cm · s−1 × 10−7, 1.74 ± 1.53 cm2 · s−1 × 10−5, and 2.14 ± 1.21 cm · s−l ± 10−7, respectively, and were not significantly different from values determined in normal subjects. Diabetic patients and normal subjects also had similar fluorescence measurements at corresponding distances from the retina. Quantitative indices of fluorescein leakage did not correlate with either the microaneurysm counts on fluorescein angiograms or the duration of diabetes. Vitreous fluorophotometry did not detect any abnormality of the BRB in diabetic patients with no or minimal retinopathy on fluorescein angiography.
TRAUBE'S SEMILUNAR SPACE IN EMPYEMA.
Authors: W. J. CALVERT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The value of Traube's semilunar space in differential diagnosis is briefly discussed in modern texts. The statement usually found is that the tympany is replaced by dulness in pleurisy. Cabot<sup>1</sup>says that it "is of very little value in diagnosis. This tympanitic area is obliterated in many pleuritic effusions (not in all)." In this connection the following history is of value: A boy with pneumonia continued to have fever and severe general symptoms after the time of the anticipated crisis. Pleurisy, possibly empyema, was considered. Physical examination showed a normal tympanitic semilunar space. Next day, before tapping, the same condition was found. After withdrawing about one-half pint of pus, the space was dull as far as the lower boundary of the pleural sinus. This last examination was not more than fifteen minutes after the second examination when tympany was found. During this interval the patient had taken neither liquid
Renal Failure after Accidental Hypothermia
Authors: W. I. McKean, S. R. Dixon, J. F. Gwynne, R. O. H. Irvine
Journal: BMJ (1970)

We report here the case of a man who sustained severe hypothermia for an unknown period.He showed evidence of cardiac, hepatic, pancreatic, and renal damage, with initial anuria and later persistent renal failure. CASE HISTORYThe patient, aged 46, was admitted to the Dunedin Public Hos- pital on the night of 2 July, 1968.The m imum air temperature that day was 42.9'F.(6-0'C.),and the day before it had been 43'F.(6-1'C.).The patient was unemployed and lived as a recluse, and to his brother's knowledge had never suffered from renal disease.Examination showed a bearded unkempt man who was well nourished but deeply unconscious.His trunk and extremities were very cold-a ward thermometer failed to register an axillary temperature-but he was not shivering.He had pronounced neck and truncal rigidity and the reflexes, including the plantar responses, could not be elicited.There was extreme circulatory collapse and the blood pressure was unrecordable.Only the carotid pulse was palpable and the pulse rate was 52/min.He was managed with a regimen of intravenous fluids, including albumin, and was given large doses of intravenous hydrocortisone and warmed with blankets.Twelve hours after admission he was alert, and a rectal thermocouple recorded a body temperature of 31.5 C., despite gradual rewarming since admission.The blood pressure was 110/60 mm.Hg and subsequently remained within the nornal range.The
Omeprazole Therapy in Resistant Reflux Disease
Authors: Elly Klinkenberg-Knol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 February 1995Omeprazole Therapy in Resistant Reflux DiseaseElly Klinkenberg-Knol, MD, Stephan Meuwissen, MD, and Henk Festen, MDElly Klinkenberg-Knol, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Stephan Meuwissen, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Henk Festen, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-3-199502010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Waldum and Brenna express their concerns regarding omeprazole-induced hypergastrinemia. We have recommended continued follow-up of patients receiving long-term therapy with proton-pump inhibitors, particularly patients with high serum gastrin levels that showed enhanced progression toward atrophic gastritis. The significance of this finding remains unclear and requires further study. This follow-up strategy also applies to the risk for progression from hyperplasia to dysplasia of ECL cells.Concerning the potential cause of food retention in patients with high gastrin levels, we have postulated that omeprazole might be responsible for the food retention caused by the decreased emptying rate of solid ...References1. Klinkenberg-Knol EC. Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease. Amsterdam: VU University Press; 1990. Google Scholar2. Hongo M, Lin YF, Ugiie H, Okumo Y, Yamada M, Satake K, et al. Acid suppression by omeprazole inhibits gastric emptying in normal subjects (Abstract). Gastroenterology. 1989; 96:A218. Google Scholar3. Rasmussen L, ster-Jorgensen E, Qvist N, Kvaglund K, Houendal C, Pederson SA. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of omeprazole on characteristics of gastric emptying in healthy subjects. Aliment Pharmacol Therap. 1991; 5:85-9. Google Scholar4. Dooley CP, Miranda M, Valenzuela JE. Comparative effect of gastrin on hydrogen ion secretion, antroduodenal motility and the interdigestive motility complex in man. Dig Dis Sci. 1984; 29:714-20. Google Scholar5. Festen H, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Kuipers E, Lamers C, Jansen J, Biemond I, et al. Cobalamin absorption during omeprazole treatment: short and long-term studies (Abstract). Gastroenterology. 1993; 104:A77. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Elly Klinkenberg-Knol, MD; Stephan Meuwissen, MD; Henk Festen, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1995Volume 122, Issue 3 Page: 236-237 Keywords Cobalamins Drug metabolism Food Gastrin Gastritis Gastroesophageal reflux disease Hypergastrinemia Nerves Nutrients Serum proteins ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
NAVY PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT PROGRAM IN THE ANTARCTIC
Authors: J. E. NARDINI, R. S. HERRMANN, J. E. RASMUSSEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

The Navy program for psychiatric assessment of personnel wintering over in the Antarctic has been described. During the 5-year history of the assessment program, there have been no documented cases of psychotic illness. Six men have been admitted to the sick list for psychiatric reasons, only one of whom had been through the assessment procedure. This case was diagnosed as a personality disorder. Thus, it would appear that the program has been effective in identifying and eliminating individuals who will develop serious or incapaciting emotional illnesses under the stress of isolation. An analysis of data relating to performance effectiveness in the Antarctic shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the initial psychiatric prediction and subsequent performance. However, because of several limitations in the data, the results in this aspect of the study should be interpreted with caution. Certain shifts have occurred in the assessment criteria during the past 5 years. The most important variable in adjustment to Antarctic isolation now is considered to be vocational effectiveness. The structure and composition of the small isolated group is next in importance. Except for extreme rigidity, there are no neurotic mechanisms which are considered, per se, to be disqualifying. However, personality disorders do constitute a rather serious problem.
Ganciclovir treatment of hepatitis B virus infection in liver transplant recipients
Authors: R G Gish, J Y Lau, L Brooks, W S J Fang, S L Steady, J C Imperial, R Garcia-Kennedy, C O Esquivel, E B Keeffe
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

To determine the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation, nine patients (seven males, two females; mean age, 38 years) with posttransplant HBV infection were treated with ganciclovir for 3 to 10 months. Ganciclovir was administered intravenously at an initial dose of 5 mg/kg/d and then increased to 10 mg/kg/d. Immunosuppressive drug therapy was maintained at low levels. There were no major side effects of ganciclovir therapy. Serum HBV DNA levels decreased by a mean of 90% (range, 42% to 100%), and four of nine patients had no measurable HBV DNA at the completion of therapy. Mean serum alanine aminotransferase levels decreased by 83%. Hepatic expression of HBV antigens and HBV DNA was assessed before and after therapy in six patients and found to be reduced in three patients. The histology activity index was also stabilized or improved in all patients. After discontinuation of therapy, four of nine patients underwent retreatment for 4- to 12-fold elevation of serum HBV DNA and/or biochemical and clinical relapse, that was severe in one patient. This pilot study shows the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir therapy for reducing HBV replication in patients with HBV infection after liver transplantation.
Pulmonic Stenosis in the Adult
Authors: Lewis W. Johnson, William Grossman, James E. Dalen, Lewis Dexter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The natural course of asymptomatic, uncomplicated pulmonic stenosis without surgical correction is not clear. The recommended indications for surgical correction are divergent. Of 35 patients found to have isolated pulmonic stenosis in this laboratory from 1946 to 1966, 11 symptomatic patients had surgical correction. Of the 24 asymptomatic patients discharged without surgery, three were lost to follow-up; the status of 21 was determined in 1971, five to 24 years (average 15 years) after diagnosis. In these 21 patients, catheterization had shown mild pulmonic stenosis (right ventricular systolic pressure less than 50 mm Hg) in 12, moderate (pressure 50 to 99 mm Hg) in seven, and severe (pressure greater than 100 mm Hg) in two. During the follow-up period (average, 15 years), one patient died of trauma; the other 20 were alive and well. In none had subacute bacterial endocarditis or cardiac symptoms developed. This benign course suggests that surgical correction is indicated only in the presence of symptoms or complications of pulmonic stenosis.
Recall lung pneumonitis due to carmustine after radiotherapy.
Authors: P S Thomas, S Agrawal, M Gore, D M Geddes
Journal: Thorax (1995)

A patient who developed pneumonitis immediately after the administration of carmustine (BCNU), within exactly the same field as previous irradiation, is presented. The patient responded partially to corticosteroids. This case suggests that irradiation causes subclinical sensitisation of the lung and can therefore have an additive effect in precipitating lung damage when another pulmonary toxin is encountered at a later date.
Is confocal microscopy a valuable tool in diagnosing nodular lesions? A study of 140 cases
Authors: C. Longo, F. Farnetani, S. Ciardo, A.M. Cesinaro, E. Moscarella, G. Ponti, I. Zalaudek, G. Argenziano, G. Pellacani
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Nodular lesions pose diagnostic challenges because nodular melanoma may simulate all kinds of melanocytic and nonmelanocytic lesions. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a novel technique that allows visualization of the skin at nearly histological resolution although limited laser depth penetration hampers visualization of the deep dermis. We sought to assess whether the diagnostic accuracy of RCM was comparable to histopathology for the diagnosis of nodular lesions, and to identify possible limitations of this technique. We retrospectively evaluated 140 nodules by means of RCM while blinded from the histopathological diagnosis. At the end of the study the patient codes were broken and the evaluations were matched with histopathological diagnosis before performing statistical analysis. The study consisted of 140 nodular lesions (23 ‘pure’ nodular melanomas, nine melanoma metastases, 28 BCCs, six invasive SCCs, 32 naevi, 14 seborrhoeic keratoses, 17 dermatofibromas, five vascular lesions and six other lesions). RCM correctly diagnosed 121 of 140 lesions (86·4%); eight of 140 (5·7%) lesions revealed discordance between histopathology and confocal microscopy. Eight of the 140 (5·7%) cases were not evaluable by means of RCM due to the presence of ulceration or hyperkeratosis and three cases showed a nonspecific pattern. Interestingly, confocal microscopy reached a 96·5% sensitivity and 94·1% specificity (area under curve 0·970) (95% CI 0·924–1·015) (P <0·001) for the diagnosis of melanoma. The study is retrospective and lesions were not included on the basis of their diagnostic difficulty. Despite the limited laser depth penetration of RCM, this imaging tool represents an effective instrument in diagnosing nodular lesions; however, for fully ulcerated lesions or when a marked hyperkeratosis is present, biopsy should always be performed. Prospective studies on difficult‐to‐diagnose nodules should be performed to analyse further the pros and cons of RCM in skin cancer diagnosis.
An Address on the Surgery of the Brain and Spinal Cord
Authors: W. Macewen
Journal: BMJ (1888)

The Geneva Convention of 1864 and the International Red Cross Association, to which it gave orign, have brought unspeakable amelioration to the horrors of war.The extraordinarily exbended literature of our profession, which in every language makes known the researches of medical men throughout the world, has found expression in Hirsclh's great work on the geographical distribution of disease.The International Congresses which liave brought men togetlher from every clime to compare their experience have proved how cosmopolitan is our science, though to us the words of Scripture may be fitly applied, that we are "'ever learning, and yet never able to come to a full knowledge of the truth."The remarkable subdivision of subjects wvhich has been necessitated by the expansion of every depart- ment; the substitution of laboratory for systematic teachiilng; the use of statistics for generalising experience, are all striking features in modern m -edlical eduication.Every collateral science has been made subservient to ouir pur- poses.Even the beautifull art of photograplhy, whlich lhas been created since the Queen ascenided the thirone, hIas been employed, with remarkable advanitages, for the record of our labours.The General Council of AMedical Education hlas beeni created to go ern and direct our organisationi, and its influence is already felt and valued.But I must make an end.Gentlemen,-I have thus, in the limited time at my disposal, and to the best of my power, noted the changes and improove- ments in surgical theory and practice which htave emerged during the last half century.Thte task I set myself has proved longer and more difficult than I anticipated, as the harvest has beeni ex- traordiniarily abundant.I am conscious of lhavinig omitted much from want of time and knowledge: hut I trust I have succeeded in showing that in every branclh of the surgical art there has been a wondrous advance, and that the profession to whlichl we belong marches in the very van of the great army, recruited in all climes, whose aim it is to enlarge htumani knowledge.Such a retrospect aus I have attempted make us reverence a profession whose lhope and ambition it has ever beeni to abate suiffering without distinc- I ion of race or cree(l.We see how ani abiding and ever increasinig purpose has run througlh these long ages, and that while we now rejoice at being nlo longer bound by the authority and crude doctrines wlich shackled our forefathers, we can yet honour the traditions of the past, and appreciate the efforts of that great host of devotedl ment wlho iave, by their unselfish labours built up the famous temple of our art.