tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quality of Care in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Fasiha Kanwal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Background: Medicare has proposed quality-of-care indicators for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The extent to which these standards are met in practice is largely unknown. Objective: To evaluate the quality of health care that patients with HCV receive and the factors associated with receipt of quality care. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Nationwide U.S. health insurance company research database. Participants: 10 385 patients with HCV enrolled in the database between 2003 and 2006. Patients were included if they were eligible for at least 1 quality indicator. Measurements: Quality of HCV care received by patients, as measured by 7 explicit quality indicators included in Medicare's 2009 Physician Quality Reporting Initiative. Results: Proportions of patients meeting quality indicators varied, ranging from 21.5% for vaccination to 79% for the HCV genotype testing indicator. Overall, 18.5% of patients (95% CI, 18% to 19%) received all recommended care. Older age and presence of comorbid conditions were associated with lower quality, whereas elevated liver enzyme levels, cirrhosis, and HIV infection were associated with higher quality. Patients who saw both generalists and specialists received the best care (odds ratio of receiving care for which a patient is eligible: specialists alone, 0.79 [CI, 0.66 to 0.95]; primary care physician alone, 0.44 [CI, 0.40 to 0.48]). Limitations: The study had an observational retrospective design, used a convenience sample, and had no information on patient ethnicity. It may be that the indicators or the reporting of the indicators of HCV care—and not the care itself—is suboptimum. Conclusion: Health care quality, based on Medicare criteria, is suboptimum for HCV. Care that included both specialists and generalists is associated with the best quality. Our results support the development of specialist and primary care collaboration to improve the quality of HCV care. Primary Funding Source: Saint Louis University Liver Center.
Hepatic Circulation in Cirrhosis of the Liver
Authors: S. E. BRADLEY, F. J. INGELFINGER, G. P. BRADLEY
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The hepatic blood flow (EHBF) was estimated by the bromsulfalein method in 39 cirrhotic patients. In 91 normal subjects hepatic blood flow averaged 1530 ml. per minute, and in the cirrhotics, hepatic blood flow averaged 1090 ml. per minute. In association with this highly significant reduction in blood flow, hepatic arteriovenous oxygen difference increased and bromsulfalein extraction fell. These findings indicate that hepatic blood flow tends to decrease more than oxidative metabolism of residual functional cells, so that relative ischemia and hypoxia of active liver tissue develop in cirrhotic disease.
The treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia in patients 30 years of age and younger
Authors: H. D. Preisler, M. Brecher, G. Browman, A. P. Early, I. R. Walker, A. Raza, A. Freeman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

The treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia in childhood and young adults has lagged behind that for acute lymphocytic leukemia. The studies described here were directed towards evaluating the role of intensive chemotherapy in the treatment of this illness. Intensive remission induction therapy combining cytosine arabinoside with an anthracycline antibiotic produced a complete remission rate comparable to that achieved in acute lymphocytic leukemia (45 of 49 patients or 92%). Intensive consolidation chemotherapy produced a median duration of complete remission of 160 weeks with 40% of patients projected to be in remission at 4 years. By contrast, the median duration of remission for patients treated with moderate consolidation/maintenance therapy was 23 weeks with only 10% of patients in remission at 4 years. These studies demonstrate that intensive chemotherapy can be administered to pediatric patients and young adults and that this approach to therapy produces a high remission rate with a 3 year median duration of remission.
Gemcitabine Combined With Oxaliplatin in Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Final Results of a GERCOR Multicenter Phase II Study
Authors: C. Louvet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Based on preclinical in vitro synergy data, this study evaluated the activity and toxicity of a gemcitabine/oxaliplatin combination in patients with metastatic and locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Previously untreated metastatic and locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled onto this multicenter phase II study. Patients received gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 as a 10-mg/m2/min infusion on day 1 and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion on day 2 every 2 weeks. Patients with metastatic disease were treated until evidence of progressive disease, whereas patients with locally advanced disease received six cycles in the absence of progression, followed when appropriate by concomitant radiochemotherapy. RESULTS: Among 64 eligible patients included in eight centers, 30 had locally advanced and 34 had metastatic disease. Response rate for the 62 patients with measurable disease was 30.6% (95% confidence interval, 19.7% to 42.3%), 31.0% for locally advanced and 30.3% for metastatic patients. Among 58 assessable patients, 40% had clinical benefit. Median progression-free survival and median overall survival (OS) were 5.3 and 9.2 months, respectively, with 36% of patients alive at 1 year. Median OS for patients with metastatic disease and locally advanced disease were 8.7 and 11.5 months, respectively. With 574 treatment cycles (median per patient, nine; range, zero to 27), grade 3/4 toxicity per patient was 11% for neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, 14% for nausea or vomiting, 6.2% for diarrhea, and 11% for peripheral neuropathy, with no toxic deaths. CONCLUSION: Palliative effects, response rate, and survival observed with this well-tolerated gemcitabine/oxaliplatin combination deserve additional evaluation. A comparative study of combination therapy versus gemcitabine alone is ongoing.
Inhibiting Adipose Tissue Lipogenesis Reprograms Thermogenesis and PPARγ Activation to Decrease Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Irfan J. Lodhi, Li Yin, Anne P.L. Jensen-Urstad, Katsuhiko Funai, Trey Coleman, John H. Baird, Meral K. El Ramahi, Babak Razani, Haowei Song, Fong Fu-Hsu, John Turk, Clay F. Semenkovich
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
<i>Cis</i>-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)
Authors: MARCEL ROZENCWEIG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) leads the series of platinum coordination complexes, a new class of cytotoxic agents. The antitumor and toxic effects of this drug are discussed. It has displayed encouraging results in testicular tumors. The drug's therapeutic effectiveness has also been recognized in a variety of other solid tumors, particularly ovarian, bladder, and head and neck malignancies. Gastrointestinal, renal, audiologic, and relatively minor hematologic toxicities may be encountered, but promising methods have been developed to increase the therapeutic index of DDP.
Multifunctional QD-based co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin to HeLa cells for reversal of multidrug resistance and real-time tracking
Authors: Jin-Ming Li, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Mei-Xia Zhao, Cai-Ping Tan, Yi-Qun Li, Xue-Yi Le, Liang-Nian Ji, Zong-Wan Mao
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Fatal Penicillin-Induced Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Fredric N. Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the first report of a circulating antipenicillin antibody by Ley et al<sup>1</sup>in 1958, more than 20 cases of immunohemolytic anemia due to antipenicillin antibodies have been reported. In most cases, the antibody was an IgG related to prolonged high-dose penicillin therapy,<sup>2</sup>and, although several of the hemolytic episodes were severe, there have been no reported deaths directly attributable to penicillin-induced hemolysis. We report here a case of circulatory collapse and death in a patient with Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia and circulating antipenicillin antibodies. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 54-year-old woman was hospitalized with cellulitis, fever, aseptic meningitis, a peripheral embolic phenomenon, and dehydration. On admission, the hematocrit value was 31%; hemoglobin level, 10.1 g/dL; and WBC count, 15,600/cu mm, with a left shift. The patient initially received aqueous penicillin G, 3 million units intravenously (IV) every four hours. After rehydration, the hematocrit value was
Stress Fracture of the Patella Confirmation by Triple-Phase Bone Imaging
Authors: JOHN F. ROCKETT, BARNEY L. FREEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

An athlete complained of chronic knee pain but had minimal findings on physical examination and initial equivocal radiographs. Subsequent tomograms of the knee suggested a patella stress fracture. Three-phase bone imaging confirmed a stress fracture of the inferior pole of the patella.
Expression of CXCR4 and Its Down-Regulation by IFN-γ in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Akihiro Katayama, Takeshi Ogino, Nobuyuki Bandoh, Satoshi Nonaka, Yasuaki Harabuchi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: The functional expression of CXCR4, which plays roles in cell migration and proliferation in response to its unique ligand stromal cell–derived factor-1 (SDF-1), has been reported in variety of carcinomas. However, CXCR4 expression and its functional role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) remain unclear. In this study, we investigated CXCR4 expression and analyzed its functions in HNSCC cell lines. We also attempted to regulate CXCR4 expression using cytokines, such as interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IFN-γ. Finally, we investigated correlation between CXCR4 expression and clinical features in patients with HNSCC. Experimental Design: Six HNSCC cell lines were used in this study. Reverse transcription-PCR and flow cytometry analysis were shown for CXCR4 expressions with or without stimulations of cytokines. SDF-1-mediated cell migration was assayed in Matrigel-coated chemotaxis chamber. The SDF-1-mediated cell proliferation was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The SDF-1-mediated signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blot analysis. Biopsy specimens from 56 patients with HNSCC were used for immunohistologic analysis. Results: The significant CXCR4 expression was found in HSQ-89, IMC-3, and Nakamura cells. The SDF-1-mediated cell migration and proliferation were observed in CXCR4-positive cells. SDF-1 also promoted rapid phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt signaling pathways in CXCR4-positive cells. The SDF-1-mediated cell migration and proliferation of CXCR4-positive cells were inhibited by neutralization of CXCR4. Among three cytokines tested, IFN-γ significantly reduced CXCR4 expression and SDF-1-induced cell migration and proliferation of CXCR4-positive cells. Immunohistologic analysis revealed that patients with advanced neck status and patients who developed distant metastases showed significantly higher CXCR4 expression, and the cause-specific survival of patients with CXCR4-expression was significantly shorter. Furthermore, multivariate analysis confirmed that CXCR4 positive was the independent factor for cause-specific death. Conclusion: Our results may provide an insight into future therapeutic agent that inhibits tumor metastasis and progression via down-regulating CXCR4 expression in patients with HNSCC.
The low frequency dynamic viscoelastic properties of human aortic valve tissue.
Authors: K O Lim, D R Boughner
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Membranous samples of human aortic valve cusps were subjected to sinusoidal fluid pressure variations (frequency range, 0.5-5 Hz) to assess their dynamic viscoelastic properties. The storage (elastic) and loss (viscous) moduli and phase lag between the stressing function and response were found to be independent of the frequencies applied. The respective average values were 1.35 (SE = 0.06) X 10(8) dynes cm-2, 4.14 (SE = 0.28) X 10(6) dynes cm-2, and 0.033 (SE = 0.002) rad. The small phase lag indicates that the tissue would recover almost completely to its original state on removal of any applied stress, and this and the relatively low extensibility should be considered in the design of leaflet-type valve prostheses. The storage modulus of the aortic valve cusps when compared to that of the mitral leaflet shows the mitral leaflet to be almost twice as stiff as the aortic valve cusps. This finding led us to conclude that the vibrations of these two cardiac valves alone cannot contribute in any significant way to the production of the observed lower frequency of the first and the higher frequency of the second heart sounds and that other factors must be considered to explain this finding.
Letter by Zitterman et al Regarding Article, “Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation and Cardiovascular Events”
Authors: Armin Zittermann, Stefanie S. Schleithoff, Reiner Koerfer
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We read with interest the paper by Hsia and colleagues 1 in which the authors demonstrated that a daily vitamin D supplement of 400 IU (10 g) in combination with 1000 mg calcium has no beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk.In our opinion, the data interpretation is complicated by the lack of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) measurements.It may be that the vitamin D dose was too low to influence circulating calcitriol concentrations.It may also be that baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were already sufficient enough to produce adequate amounts of calcitriol.Calcitriol is the only vitamin D metabolite with known physiological actions.Experimental data demonstrate that calcitriol has important protective vascular effects such as suppression of renin activity, inhibition of vascular calcification, and reduction of thrombogenicity. 2 Several retrospective studies already indicate that calcitriol and other active vitamin D analogs reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in calcitriol-deprived patients with end-stage renal failure. 2 In elderly vitamin D-deficient patients and in immobilized subjects, measures that result in a meaningful rise in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D also increase plasma calcitriol very rapidly. 3,4Interestingly, advanced age and immobilization are associated with high cardiovascular morbidity.Moreover, physical activity is not only able to prevent cardiovascular disease, but is also associated with significantly higher 25hydroxyvitamin D and calcitriol plasma concentration compared with sedentary lifestyle. 5For the interpretation of vitamin D effects on cardiovascular health, it is therefore necessary to measure plasma calcitriol in future interventional studies.
A pilot study of adjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel plus sorafenib in women with node positive or high-risk breast cancer.
Authors: DR Spigel, D Molthrop, N Peacock, M Kommor, T Markus, E Vazquez, FA Greco, HA Burris, JD Hainsworth, DA Yardley
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2110 Background: Targeting angiogenesis is an effective treatment strategy in many solid tumors including breast cancer (BC). Sorafenib is a small molecule inhibitor of angiogenesis and other tumor growth signaling. We conducted a pilot phase 2 trial incorporating sorafenib into standard adjuvant BC treatment. Material and Methods: The primary endpoint of this multicenter community-based study was to assess the safety of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel in combination with sorafenib in patients (pts) with node positive or otherwise high-risk BC. Eligibility criteria included: either mastectomy or breast conserving surgery-with axillary node assessment for stage I, II, IIIA, and IIIC (T1-3, N3a only) BC. Pts were either lymph node positive or high-risk node negative (tumor size &amp;gt;2 cm; hormone receptor negative; grade 2-3; or age &amp;lt;35 years). Additional inclusion criteria included: HER2-negative, ECOG performance status 0-1, normal left ventricular ejection fraction by echocardiography or MUGA scan, adequate organ function, and signed informed consent. Treatment consisted of doxorubicin 60mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 600mg/m2 (AC) both IV day 1 every 3 weeks x 4 cycles, followed by paclitaxel 175mg/m2 day 1 every 3 weeks x 4 cycles or 80mg/m2 IV weekly x 12, combined with sorafenib 400mg orally twice daily. Sorafenib was held during radiation therapy (where indicated) and resumed once completed. Sorafenib was continued for a total of 12 months and in combination with adjuvant hormonal therapy (where indicated.) LV assessments occurred after AC, paclitaxel, and every 3 months during maintenance sorafenib. Results: Forty-five pts were enrolled from 5/07 to 1/08. The median follow-up is 6 months (range 4-12 months). Baseline characteristics included: median age 54 years (35-74); ECOG 0, 93%; node positive, 80%; and hormone receptor negative 33%. Nineteen pts (42%) discontinued sorafenib before completing paclitaxel (mean time on sorafenib 3.7 weeks; &amp;lt;1 week in 18% of all pts). 9 of these 19 pts (47%) stopped sorafenib due to symptoms. Grade (G) 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity during sorafenib therapy in &amp;gt;5%: arthralgias/myalgias, neuropathy, pain, and pulmonary symptoms (8% each), and rash (11%). G3/4 hematologic toxicity during sorafenib treatment was limited to neutropenia in 11%. There were no sorafenib-related deaths. Discussion: In this pilot study, sorafenib was generally associated with limited severe toxicity when combined with paclitaxel following AC. However, many pts discontinued sorafenib early suggesting sequential scheduling may be more feasible than concurrent administration with chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2110.
Hepatic clearance of rat liver aspartate aminotransferase isozymes: Evidence for endocytotic uptake via different binding sites on sinusoidal liver cells
Authors: Seikoh Horiuchi, Yukio Kamimoto, Yoshimasa Morino
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Rat liver aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) (EC 2.6.1.1) exists in two isozymic forms, cytosolic (c–AAT) and mitochondrial (m–AAT). The previous study (Kamimoto, Y. et al., Hepatology an accompanying paper in this issue) demonstrated that these isozymes were cleared from blood at different half–lives via adsorptive endocytosis by sinusoidal liver cells. To understand the cellular mechanism for the differential uptake of the isozymes, we have further studied in vivo uptake of 125 I–labeled AAT isozymes by sinusoidal cells. The results indicated that the uptake of the isozymes occurred via a typical endocytotic pathway: the initial binding, internalization and subsequent degradation in the lysosomes. Quantitation of the isozymes bound to the cell surface prior to internalization either by binding at 4°C or by a combined use of anti–AAT antibody and 125 I–protein A at 37°C revealed that the differential plasma clearance of AAT isozymes could be attributable to the isozymic difference in capacity of surface membranes to bind the isozymes. The uptake of 125 I–c–AAT was inhibited by unlabeled c–AAT more significantly than by m–AAT, but not by other ligands known to be taken up by sinusoidal cells via receptor–mediated pathways. Similarly, the uptake of 125 I–m–AAT was inhibited predominantly by unlabeled m–AAT. Similar ligand specificity was also demonstrated in the binding study at 4°C. The binding of 125 I–m–AAT and c–AAT followed saturation kinetics with an apparent Kd of 1.3 × 10 -6 M and 1.7 × 10 -6 M , respectively. These findings indicate that differential uptake of AAT isozymes results from the presence on the surface membrane of two binding sites with a definite specificity for each isozyme.
Electrocardiographic Changes During Human Anaphylaxis
Authors: Bernard H. Booth
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Twenty-three instances of anaphylaxis in humans were observed. Electrocardiograms were obtained within 24 hours of the acute episode in 14 of the 23 patients. Six patients had abnormal ECGs. The abnormal findings were variable and consisted of flattening of the T waves, inversion of the T waves, ST segment elevation or depression, a nodal rhythm, and atrial fibrillation. The electrocardiographic changes are considered to be specifically related to the anaphylaxis for several reasons. In at least three of the patients, agents used for treatment of the anaphylaxis could not be implicated. No evidence of preexisting heart disease was apparent in any patient. The electrocardiographic changes appear to parallel similar changes that occur during experimentally induced anaphylaxis in subhuman primates. The exact mechanism responsible for production of the electrocardiographic changes is unknown. Multiple factors could be involved.
Principles of Cardiac Toxicology.
Authors: J. Halliday
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Principles of Cardiac Toxicology. Get access John Halliday John Halliday London, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, April 1994, Pages 578–579, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.4.578 Published: 01 April 1994
Influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease activity on serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica.
Authors: A Doube, J Davies, M Davis, P J Maddison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

The influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and of disease activity on the serum alkaline phosphatase concentration was examined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica. Concentrations of serum alkaline phosphatase were similar both in patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking NSAIDs and in those not taking NSAIDs. In patients with osteoarthritis NSAID use was not associated with a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase. In rheumatoid arthritis no correlation was found between clinical indices of disease activity and serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations. There was significant correlation with plasma viscosity in rheumatoid arthritis, both in those taking and not taking NSAIDs, and in polymyalgia rheumatica. Serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations are not influenced by NSAIDs. Concentrations correlate with laboratory parameters, but not clinical indices of disease activity.
Effect of protein restriction in insulin dependent diabetics at risk of nephropathy.
Authors: D Cohen, R Dodds, G Viberti
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Persistent proteinuria is strongly associated with increased mortality in insulin dependent diabetes, and risk of this condition can be predicted many years in advance by subclinical increases in albumin excretion rate (microalbuminuria). Eight normotensive insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria who had overnight albumin excretion rates of between 15 and 200 micrograms/min underwent a three week randomised crossover study of their normal protein diet (median 92 (range 55-117) g/day) and a low protein diet (47 (38-57) g/day). Both diets were isoenergetic, and the low protein diet was supplemented with calcium and phosphate. Median overnight albumin excretion rate fell from 23.0 (15.0-170.1) micrograms/min during the normal diet to 15.4 (4.1-97.8) micrograms/min during the low protein diet. No consistent change was found in urinary excretion of beta 2 microglobulin during the two diets. The reduction in albumin excretion rate was accompanied by a significant fall in median glomerular filtration rate and fractional renal clearance of albumin. Kidney volume remained unchanged. There were no significant changes in glycaemic control or arterial blood pressure. In these few patients restriction of dietary protein had a beneficial effect on microalbuminuria, independent of changes in glucose concentrations and arterial blood pressure.