tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injuries to the Liver: Analysis of 20 Cases
Authors: L. H. Blumgart, T. Vajrabukka
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Twenty cases of liver injury among 55 consecutive cases of abdominal injury submitted to laparotomy over a four-year period are reported. Forty-four of the cases were blunt injuries, and the cases of liver injury were in this group. Road traffic accidents accounted for 37 of the 44 cases and 17 of the 20 liver injuries. Except in two cases injury to the liver was associated with injury to other organs. Severe chest injury was found in 40% of the cases and serious skeletal injury in 45%. The overall mortality in blunt injury to the liver was 20% (4 cases) and was directly attributable to the liver injury in only one case. Liver injuries are classified as minor or major according to the depth of the wound and the associated destruction of liver tissue. Liver resection is advocated for major injuries. Right hepatic lobectomy was performed on five occasions and three of the patients survived. Death in the other two was due to associated injuries. The remarkable regenerative capacity of the liver is emphasized.
Book Review Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children Edited by David G. Nichols, Duke E. Cameron, William J. Greeley, Dorothy G. Lappe, Ross M. Ungerleider, and Randall C. Wetzel. 1069 pp., illustrated. St. Louis, Mosby, 1995. $149. 0-8016-6929-4
Authors: Hugh D. Allen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
Dissociation between the level of von Willebrand factor‐cleaving protease activity and disease in a patient with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Carolyn E. Snider, Jane C. Moore, Theodore E. Warkentin, Clara N. Finch, Catherine P.M. Hayward, John G. Kelton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Decreased von Willebrand factor (VWF)‐cleaving protease activity (&lt;5%) has been implicated in patients with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura–hemolytic uremic syndrome (Upshaw‐Schulman syndrome) and associated with mutations within the ADAMTS13 gene. In this report, we describe longitudinal studies in a patient with congenital TTP who ultimately developed end‐stage renal failure and required plasma therapy from infancy. The patient was deficient in plasma high molecular weight (HMW)‐VWF multimers during acute disease but had increased amounts of the HMW‐VWF multimers during periods of remission. DNA analysis of this patient detected homozygosity for the R692C mutation on exon 17 of the ADAMTS13 gene, previously linked to congenital TTP. The level of VWF‐cleaving protease activity in the patient was remarkably low (&lt;5%) throughout her disease, even after she entered complete remission. However, despite no improvement in the level of VWF‐cleaving protease activity, this patient had complete resolution of disease following splenectomy and commencing hemodialysis, without need for ongoing plasma therapy. The patient has remained in remission for over 4 years. These observations suggest that there are other factors in conjunction with severe deficiency of VWF protease activity that participate in the platelet‐mediated thrombotic complications and other disease manifestations of congenital TTP. In addition, it is possible that splenectomy could be an effective treatment option for some patients with severe, congenital TTP. Am. J. Hematol. 77:387–390, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Edward (“Terry”) Burgess
Authors: John Burgess
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer general practitioner and occupational physician London (b 1924; q St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1955; MD, MRCGP, AFOM), died from bowel cancer on 20 December 2005.



Figure 1



Terry trained as an accountant but changed to medicine after National Service in India as a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps. After 12 years as a general practitioner he moved to occupational health with the Department of Health and Social Security and then as medical officer for the Inland Revenue and Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Terry followed his father into the Playing Card Makers' city livery company. He leaves a wife, Mollie; three children; and five grandchildren.
Depletion of myocardial glutathione: its effects on heart function and metabolism during ischaemia and reperfusion
Authors: J. C CHATHAM, A.-M. L SEYMOUR, E. HARMSEN, G. K RADDA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Journal Article Depletion of myocardial glutathione: its effects on heart function and metabolism during ischaemia and reperfusion Get access JOHN C CHATHAM, JOHN C CHATHAM *Present address for correspondence and reprints: Dr John C Chatham, DPhil, Department of Radiology, Division of NMR Research, MRI Room 110, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ANNE-MARIE L SEYMOUR, ANNE-MARIE L SEYMOUR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar EEF HARMSEN, EEF HARMSEN †Present address: Department of Cardiovascular Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GEORGE K RADDA GEORGE K RADDA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 22, Issue 11, November 1988, Pages 833–839, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/22.11.833 Published: 01 November 1988 Article history Received: 13 January 1988 Accepted: 18 June 1988 Published: 01 November 1988
A New Era of For-Profit Hospice Care — The Medicare Benefit
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To ensure that a reluctant medical community would embrace Medicare at its inception in 1965, Congress declared that any willing provider could participate. Since that time, the vast majority of physicians and hospitals have come to rely on Medicare as a major source of revenue. But as additional Medicare benefits have been created, they have increasingly been provided by for-profit companies that find doing business with government, though sometimes frustrating, a worthwhile commercial venture. Perhaps the most untraditional Medicare service offered by such organizations is hospice care.The hospice benefit was created in 1982 to offer terminally ill patients an . . .
Effects of ischemia on tissue metabolites in red (slow) and white (fast) skeletal muscle of the chicken.
Authors: R E Klabunde, S E Mayer
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

Brief periods of ischemia have been shown to produce marked reactive hyperemia in both red (slow) and white (fast) skeletal muscle. However, evidence is lacking for specific vasodilator metabolites which are rapidly produced in ischemic skeletal muscle. The present study examined the effects of 1 and 3 minutes of ischemia on creatine phosphate (CrP), adenine nucleotide metabolism, and anaerobic glycolysis in red anterior (ALD) and white posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) muscles of the chicken. Tissue metabolite concentrations were determined from perchloric acid or trichloroacetic acid extracts using enzymatic assay or high pressure liquid chromatography. CrP or adenine nucleotides were not significantly altered in either muscle following 1 or 3 minutes of ischemia. However, adenosine increased by 611% in the ALD at 1 minute. Following 3 minutes of ischemia, adenosine concentrations were elevated by 439% and 201% in the ALD and PLD, respectively. The PLD showed the greatest increases in inosine and IMP. Inorganic phosphate increased by 67% and lactate increased by 142% in the ALD at 3 minutes. The PLD, which is reported to have a high anaerobic glycolytic capacity, showed no increase in lactate. These results support the hypothesis that adenosine may be a mediator of akeletal muscle reactive hyperemia following short periods of ischemia.
Lanthanum Probe Studies of Cellular Pathophysiology Induced by Hypoxia in Isolated Cardiac Muscle
Authors: Karen P. Burton, Herbert K. Hagler, Gordon H. Templeton, James T. Willerson, L. Maximilian Buja
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

This study was undertaken to evaluate directly the relationship between evolution of irreversible myocardial injury induced by hypoxia in an isolated papillary muscle preparation and the development of pathophysiological alterations related to severely impaired membrane function. An ionic lanthanum probe technique was employed as a cytochemical marker to monitor the progression of cellular injury, and data from this cytologic technique were correlated with ultrastructure and measurements of contractile parameters in a total of 67 muscles subjected to control conditions or to graded intervals of hypoxia with or without reoxygenation. Marked depression of developed tension and rate of tension development occurred after 30 min of hypoxia. Contractile function showed significant recovery with reoxygenation after 1 h and 15 min of hypoxia but remained depressed when reoxygenation was provided after 2 or 3 h of hypoxia. Examination by transmission and analytical electron microscopy (energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis) revealed lanthanum deposition only in extracellular regions of control muscles and muscles subjected to 30 min of hypoxia. After hypoxic intervals of over 1 h, abnormal intracytoplasmic and intramitochondrial localization of lanthanum were detected. After 1 h and 15 min of hypoxia, abnormal intracellular lanthanum accumulation was associated with only minimal ultrastructural evidence of injury; muscle provided reoxygenation after 1 h and 15 min of hypoxia showed improved ultrastructure and did not exhibit intracellular lanthanum deposits upon exposure to lanthanum during the reoxygenation period. After 2 to 3 h of hypoxia, abnormal intracellular lanthanum accumulation was associated with ultrastructural evidence of severe muscle injury which persisted after reoxygenation. Thus, the data support the conclusion that cellular and membrane alterations responsible for abnormal intracellular lanthanum deposition precede the development of irreversible injury but evolve at a transitional stage in the progression from reversible to irreversible injury induced by hypoxia in isolated feline papillary muscles.
Renal Support in Acute Kidney Injury — How Much Is Enough?
Authors: Paul M. Palevsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Decrements in kidney function occur in more than two thirds of hospitalized patients with critical illness,1 and severe acute kidney injury complicates the care of more than 5% of patients who require intensive care.2 Despite the potential for recovery of kidney function, acute kidney injury is associated with substantial morbidity. Mortality rates among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury range from 30% to more than 60%.26 In the absence of effective pharmacologic therapy, the care of patients with acute kidney injury is predominantly supportive: optimizing hemodynamic and volume status, correcting electrolyte and acid–base disturbances, providing adequate nutrition, and . . .
Ozone Exposure Increases Eosinophilic Airway Response Induced by Previous Allergen Challenge
Authors: Barbara Vagaggini, Mauro Taccola, Silvana Cianchetti, Stefano Carnevali, Maria Laura Bartoli, Elena Bacci, Federico L. Dente, Antonella Di Franco, Daniele Giannini, Pier Luigi Paggiaro
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

We investigated whether exposure to ozone (O3) 24 hours after an allergen challenge test would increase airway eosinophilia induced by allergen in subjects with mild asthma with late airway response. Twelve subjects with mild atopic asthma participated in a randomized, single-blind study. Subjects underwent allergen challenge 24 hours before a 2 hour exposure to O3 (0.27 ppm) or filtered air. Pulmonary function was monitored during the allergen challenge and after the exposure to O3 or air. Six hours later, induced sputum was collected. After 4 weeks, the experiment was repeated with the same subjects. Allergen induced a comparable late airway response in both challenges. O3 exposure induced a significant decrease in FVC, FEV1, and vital capacity, and was associated with a significant increase in total symptom score compared with air exposure. The percentage of eosinophils, but not the percentage of neutrophils, in induced sputum was significantly higher after exposure to O3 than after exposure to air (p = 0.04). These results indicate that O3 exposure after a late airway response elicited by allergen challenge can potentiate the eosinophilic inflammatory response induced by the allergen challenge itself in subjects with mild atopic asthma. This observation may help explain the synergistic effect of air pollution and allergen exposure in the exacerbation of asthma.
Unanticipated stimulatory action of glucocorticoids on epithelial calcium absorption. Effect of dexamethasone on rat distal colon.
Authors: D B Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

We studied the action of a glucocorticoid (GC, dexamethasone) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on transepithelial calcium (Ca) transport in rat distal colon. GC 1.2 mg or 1,25(OH)2D3 270 ng were given daily for 4 d and Ca fluxes were measured in vitro in the absence of electrochemical gradients (Ussing technique).(a) Both 1,25(OH)2D3 and GC increased Ca absorptive flux from 24 +/- 3 (SEM) to 50 +/- 1 and from 23 +/- 1 to 38 +/- 4 nmol/cm2 per h, respectively (in each case n = 9, P less than 0.01); both steroid hormones had no effect on Ca secretory flux. (b) GC, but not 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the short-circuit current Isc) from 30 +/- 5; to 111 +/- 13 microA/cm2 (P less than 0.01), reflecting stimulation of electrogenic sodium (Na) transport. Choline replacement of Na in the bathing buffer abolished both the Isc and the active Ca transport induced by GC, but has no effect on the 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated active Ca absorption. (c) When the buffer Ca concentration ([Ca]) on both sides of the epithelium was reduced from 1.25 to 1.25 X 10(-2) mM, the GC-induced, but not the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced, stimulation in Ca absorption was abolished. This suggests that the GC-stimulated Ca absorption may require a "threshold" Ca gradient across the luminal membrane through which Ca influx occurs. Thus, contrary to the current consensus, this study demonstrates that GC stimulates active Ca transport and that this action is mediated through a mechanism dependent on the presence of Na and a critical [Ca] in the ambient medium.
A FEW CLINICAL PICTURES.
Authors: J. A. WESSINGER
Journal: JAMA (1899)

<h3>Case 1.</h3> —About Dec. 20, 1897, Mrs. N., of Ypsilanti, a widow, aged 50 years, mother of three children, concluded that with her son's help she would do a small washing. The contents of the tub were passed through an ordinary clothes wringer which the lady operated with her right hand. The labor thus performed was trivial. At 4p.m., of the above date the patient began to suffer pain in the tip of her right ring finger, becoming more marked as time went on. At 6p.m., she had a severe chill, at 7p.m., her temperature was 105, pulse 130; and she was suffering violent pain in the finger and was slightly delirious. Her medical attendant succeeded only in part in allaying these symptoms, despite a somewhat heroic medication. On December 21, patient's temperature did not go above 105; pulse 120; extreme pain in the finger. The finger
Urologists cleared of manslaughter now face GMC
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Two urologists who inadvertently removed a patient's only good kidney are facing charges of serious professional misconduct before the General Medical Council, 18 months after being acquitted of manslaughter in the case ( BMJ 2002;325:9).

Consultant urologist John Roberts supervised an operation in which registrar Mahesh Goel removed a healthy left kidney from Graham Reeves, aged 69, leaving only a chronically diseased right kidney. The mistake was discovered two hours later, but by then the good kidney had been immersed in sterilising solution.

Mr Roberts later attempted to place a tube in the diseased …
Benign chronic neutropenia with abnormalities involving 16q22, affecting mother and daughter
Authors: Lewis Glasser, Aurelia Meloni‐Ehrig, Plakyil Joseph, Jennifer Mendiola
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract We report a case of familial, chronic, benign neutropenia in a 17‐year‐old female showing (1) the spontaneous expression of a heritable rare fragile site at 16q22 and (2) a deletion at the same region. The del(16)(q22), which most likely originated from the fragile site, was the main clonal abnormality detected in the patient's bone marrow cells, whereas a few cells with either del(16)(q22) or fra(16)(q22) were seen in the patient's peripheral blood. Interestingly, the del(16q) was also detected in the patient's uncultured cells, as demonstrated by FISH, excluding an in vitro origin of the del(16q) during culture. The bone marrow was hypocellular with decreased neutrophils and their precursors. Absolute neutrophil counts ranged from (0.62 to 1.24) × 10 9 /L with a median value of 1.02 × 10 9 /L. The patient had a more severe neutropenia than her mother, which correlated with the presence of more cells with del(16q) in the marrow. The patient's mother, who was also diagnosed with neutropenia, revealed only a few cells with the rare fra(16)(q22) in her peripheral blood cells, whereas her bone marrow showed cells with both fra(16)(q22) and del(16)(q22), although the del(16q) was present in only 2/20 cells. Some possible candidate genes contributing to the pathogenesis of the neutropenia are discussed. Chromosome abnormalities involving the 16q22 breakpoint have been observed in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this patient, the del(16)(q22) risk factor is unknown for subsequent development of MDS or AML. Another point to consider is the need to determine the origin of a chromosome abnormality, particularly when the clinical picture does not fit the chromosome findings. Although, the observation of a constitutional structural abnormality in a mosaic form is an extremely rare event, it is somewhat different in the case of a fragile site expression, which can, as in this case, be present in some cells and not in others. Am. J. Hematol. 81:262–270, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nailfold capillary abnormalities are prevalent in sclerodermoid graft-versus-host disease and readily detected with dermatoscopy
Authors: B.N. Akay, H. Sanli, P. Topcuoglu, M. Arat, A. Akyol
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Well-recognized videocapillaroscopic patterns have been described in systemic sclerosis (SS). However, no studies have described the capillary abnormalities of sclerodermoid chronic graft-versus-host disease (Scl GVHD) developed after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).The aims of this study were to find the characteristics of nailfold capillary changes in Scl GVHD after allo-HSCT.Eighteen patients affected by Scl GVHD and a control group of 15 patients with lichenoid GVHD were evaluated. Duration and type of sclerodermoid GVHD, Raynaud phenomenon (RP), dysphagia, joint contractures, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Scl-70 and anticentromere (ACA) antibodies were investigated parameters. A nailfold capillary examination using a standard dermatoscope was performed on all fingers of each subject.Twelve patients were male and six were female with a mean age of 37 +/- 11.6 years. Joint retractions and dysphagia developed in 27.8% and 38.9% of the patients, respectively. Three (16.7%) patients had RP. Autoimmune markers like anti-Scl-70 and ACA were negative in all. Capillaroscopy was abnormal in 15 patients with Scl GVHD. A regular disposition of the capillary loops along with avascular whitish linear areas at the level of the last row, neovascularization with reticular pattern, capillary disorganization, haemorrhages, enlarged capillaries and avascular areas were the main features. No capillary abnormalities were observed in patients with lichenoid GVHD. There was no statistically significant correlation between ANA positivity, RP, joint retractions, dysphagia, extensiveness of Scl GVHD, duration of sclerodermoid lesions and nailfold capillaroscopy analysis.This study shows the identification of distinct nailfold capillaroscopy patterns in patients with Scl GVHD but it does not confer special risk for any other specific clinical symptoms of the disease.
DEHYDROGENASE SYSTEMS OF HUMAN FOETAL SKIN.
Authors: PETER PULLAR, CHARLOTTE LIADSKY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article DEHYDROGENASE SYSTEMS OF HUMAN FOETAL SKIN. Get access PETER PULLAR, PETER PULLAR St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, S.W.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CHARLOTTE LIADSKY CHARLOTTE LIADSKY St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, S.W.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 6, 1 June 1965, Pages 314–321, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14652.x Published: 01 June 1965
RESPONSIBILITY FOR RECRUITMENT
Authors: James Z. Appel
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Many studies have been made during the past years that give information on the basis of which it can be decided whether or not there is a need for a recruitment program for medical students. These studies are concerned with the future need of the nation for physicians. There are also broader studies of the educational system of the United States comparing its effectiveness with systems in other nations of the world. While research in these matters has been going on for some time, there is no question that Sputnik has popularized them and stimulated them. 1   The Need for and Problems of Recruitment  In the year 1948-1949 there were 3.62 applicants for medical school for each freshman accepted in the medical schools of the United States. By the year 1958-1959 this ratio fell to 1.86:1. This was the lowest the ratio had been for at least 20 years. In
<i>MYC</i>gene numerical aberrations in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: A. Toll, R. Salgado, M. Yébenes, G. Martín-Ezquerra, M. Gilaberte, T. Baró, F. Solé, F. Alameda, B. Espinet, R.M. Pujol
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

The genetic alterations that drive the transition from actinic keratoses (AKs) to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) have not been defined precisely. Amplification and/or overexpression of the MYC proto-oncogene have been demonstrated in several human, malignant tumours including head and neck SCCs.To evaluate the presence of MYC genomic aberrations in both AKs and SCCs.Skin biopsy specimens corresponding to AKs, SCCs and control samples were included in two paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays. MYC cytogenetic profile was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results obtained were compared with MYC immunohistochemical expression.Twenty-three AKs and 30 SCCs were evaluated. MYC numerical aberrations were observed in eight of 23 (35%) AKs and 19 of 30 (63%) SCCs (P = 0.05). MYC numerical aberrations were more frequent in moderately to poorly differentiated SCCs (77%) when compared with well-differentiated SCCs (25%; P = 0.027). A significant association between copy number gains of MYC by FISH analysis and MYC protein expression was demonstrated.MYC gains and amplifications are frequent cytogenetic abnormalities in SCCs and may play a relevant role in promoting SCC undifferentiation and tumoral progression.
Differential requirement for Gata1 DNA binding and transactivation between primitive and definitive stages of hematopoiesis in zebrafish
Authors: Christiane L. Belele, Milton A. English, Jagman Chahal, Anthony Burnetti, Steven M. Finckbeiner, Gretchen Gibney, Martha Kirby, Raman Sood, P. Paul Liu
Journal: Blood (2009)