tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
KERATOSIS FOLLICULARIS SERPIGINOSA (LUTZ). ELASTOMA INTRAPAPILLARE PERFORANS VERRUCIFORME (MIESCHER).
Authors: JAMES MARSHALL, H. I. LURIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1957)

Journal Article KERATOSIS FOLLICULARIS SERPIGINOSA (LUTZ). ELASTOMA INTRAPAPILLARE PERFORANS VERRUCIFORME (MIESCHER). Get access JAMES MARSHALL, M.D., JAMES MARSHALL, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Stellenbosch University Medical School, Bellville Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. I. LURIE, B.Sc, M.B., Ch.B. H. I. LURIE, B.Sc, M.B., Ch.B. Department of Pathology, South African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 69, Issue 9, 1 September 1957, Pages 315–318, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1957.tb13277.x Published: 01 September 1957
Molecular Mimicry in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hartmut Wekerle, Reinhard Hohlfeld
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Molecular mimicry is a model in which foreign antigens are sufficiently similar to native antigens to trigger an autoimmune response. A study involving the specificity of a T-cell receptor derived from a patient with multiple sclerosis indicates that molecular mimicry extends to complexes of proteins — a finding with implications for therapy.
Study of the Th1/Th2 balance, including IL‐10 production,in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells frombirch‐pollen‐allergic patients
Authors: R. Movérare, L. Elfman, G. Stålenheim, E. Björnsson, R. Movérare
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: Excessive production of interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, and IL‐13 is thought to be important in the development of allergy and asthma. The objective of this investigation was to study Th1/Th2‐like cytokine profiles in vitro in seven patients allergic to birch pollen and six nonallergic controls during the birch‐pollen season. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and cultured with birch‐pollen extract (BPE) or tetanus toxoid (TT) for 7 days, harvested, and restimulated with the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) for 24 h. Cytokine production was determined by ELISA, and logarithmic cytokine ratios were compared between the two groups and between the antigens. Results: In the allergic group, the cultures prestimulated with BPE had a more Th2‐like cytokine response than the TT‐prestimulated cultures; i.e., lower IFN‐γ and higher IL‐10 production ( P &lt;0.05), as well as higher IL‐5/IFN‐γ and IL‐13/IFN‐γ ratios ( P &lt;0.05). There were also significantly higher IL‐4/IFN‐γ ( P &lt;0.005) and IL‐5/IFN‐γ ( P &lt;0.05) ratios in BPE‐stimulated cultures in the allergic group than in the control group. The IL‐4 and IL‐13 production in vitro correlated with the specific serum IgE levels. Conclusions: BPE stimulation induces a Th2‐like cytokine response by PBMC isolated during the pollen season from birch‐pollen‐allergic patients, indicating a Th2‐type immune response to birch pollen in vivo .
TCT-85 Efficacy And Safety Of Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure In Patients With A Hypercoagulable Disorder
Authors: Jesus Herrero-Garibi, Ignacio Cruz-González, Pablo Rengifo, Ferdinando Bounanno, Maria Sánchez-Ledesma, Francisco Martín-Herrero, Igor Palacios
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
16, 16 Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 prevents the development of fulminant hepatitis and blocks the induction of monocyte/macrophage procoagulant activity after murine hepatitis virus strain 3 infection.
Authors: M Abecassis, J A Falk, L Makowka, V J Dindzans, R E Falk, G A Levy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

16, 16 Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2), a known cytoprotective agent, was examined for its ability to alter the course of fulminant hepatitis in an experimental model of fulminant viral hepatitis, murine hepatitis murine hepatitis type 3 (MHV-3). Fully susceptible BALB/cJ mice, infected with 100 50% lethal doses (LD50) of MHV-3 developed histologic and biochemical evidence of fulminant hepatitis, as evidenced by massive hepatic necrosis with hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and a markedly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (mean, 1,402 +/- 619 IU/liter). In contrast, animals treated with dmPGE2 either before or after infection (up to 48 h) demonstrated a marked reduction in both histologic and biochemical evidence of liver damage as characterized by normal blood glucose, total CO2, and ALT determinations (mean ALT, 63 +/- 40 IU/liter). Treatment of infected mice with PGF2 alpha demonstrated no cytoprotective effects. High titers of infectious virus were recovered from the livers of both dmPGE2-treated and -untreated animals throughout the course of infection. In a parallel in vitro study, dmPGE2 (10(-4)-10(-8) M) demonstrated a similar cytoprotective effect on monolayers of isolated cultured hepatocytes from fully susceptible BALB/cJ mice infected at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0. In addition, splenic macrophages recovered from infected and untreated BALB/cJ mice demonstrated a marked augmentation in procoagulant activity (PCA) from a basal 10 +/- 5 mU/10(6) splenic macrophages to a maximum of 615 +/- 102 mU/10(6) splenic macrophages, whereas no increase in macrophage PCA was detected in infected animals treated with dmPGE2. These results suggest that dmPGE2, without detectably altering viral replication or infectivity in vivo, confers a marked cytoprotective effect on hepatocytes both in vivo and in vitro, and prevents the induction of macrophage PCA in vivo in fully susceptible BALB/cJ mice after murine hepatitis virus type 3 infection.
THE PATHOLOGY, ETIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF PETIT MAL AND GRAND MAL.
Authors: FREDERICK HORNER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Both of these forms of epilepsy belong with tetanus and hydrophobia to diseases of the nervous system, petit mal, the congenital or mild form occurring in childhood, grand mal, the inherited and acquired, the result of traumatism and developed during some period of adult life. Both present the characteristic features of the malady, viz., irregular action of muscles usually obedient to volition, curtly defined by Cullen, "<i>musculorum convulsio cum sopore</i>." According to the theory of Dr. Carpenter, "Principles of Human Physiology," "the sensory ganglia are the primary seat of that combination of sensibility with spasmodic movements which constitutes epilepsy." The cerebrum also is implicated as occurs by the loss of consciousness preceded by confusion of intellect, impairment of memory and loss of will power over the mental faculties, followed by convulsions and maniacal excitement. There is a marked periodicity, this author adds, in the recurrence of the symptoms. Dr. Todd,
Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Authors: S J Lloyd, M G Nunn
Journal: BMJ (1978)

substances from impacted neutrophils in the lungs.Since polyacrylonitrile membrane dialysers also activate complement but do not cause appreciable leucopenia,; it is more likely that the mechanism implicated in our patient was pulmonary leucostasis.There are several other unexplained complications of dialysis which might be related to complement activation or leucostasis or both.They include arthralgia, abdominal discomfort, migraine, and ascites.Trials of polyacrylonitrile membrane (avoiding neutropenia) or polycarbonate membrane (avoiding complement activation) would seem worthwhile in these conditions.We thank Dr R A L Brewis for his help and advice in the management of the patient.
PWE-250 Azathioprine and allopurinol co-therapy for IBD patients is a safe and effective treatment option in the district general hospital setting
Authors: H E Johnson, S A Weaver, S D McLaughlin
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Reports from specialist inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) units have demonstrated that allopurinol and low-dose thiopurine co-therapy is an effective treatment option in patients who have failed standard dose therapy. There is little experience however from the district general hospital (DGH) setting. Co-therapy was introduced in our unit in September 2010. <h3>Aim</h3> To evaluate the safety and therapeutic outcome of IBD patients treated with azathioprine and allopurinol co-therapy at our institution. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective database of all patients treated with allopurinol co-therapy is maintained at our institution. We reviewed the database entries and case notes of all patients. Data from patients who had been on allopurinol for &lt;3 months were disregarded. <h3>Results</h3> 25 patients were identified, five were excluded because of insufficient follow-up (&lt;3 months) and one patient was lost to follow-up. The median length of co-therapy was 9 (range 3–12) months. Diagnosis was ulcerative colitis (12), Crohn9s disease (7), IBD-Unclassified (1). Indications for co-therapy were abnormal LFTs (3), drug side effects (8), high methylmercaptopurine (5), gout (2), therapeutic failure (2). 6-thioguanine nucleotide levels were measured where appropriate in patients before co-therapy, of these 50.0% were therapeutic. Following co-therapy 6-thioguanine nucleotide levels were therapeutic in 81.8% of patients. Co-therapy was effective and well tolerated in 13 (68.4%). Two (10%) patients developed side effects from allopurinol both had been treated with 200 mg od, in one patient (50%) symptoms resolved with dose reduction. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have previously published our long-term outcome data of IBD patients treated with thiopurines; 55% of these patients stopped thiopurine therapy due to therapeutic failure or side effects. The current data demonstrate that the majority of this refractory group can be rescued with co-therapy. These data demonstrate that co-therapy is a safe and effective treatment option in the DGH setting. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Thiopurine methyltransferase genetics is not a major risk factor for secondary malignant neoplasms after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia on Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster protocols
Authors: Martin Stanulla, Elke Schaeffeler, Anja Möricke, Sally A. Coulthard, Gunnar Cario, André Schrauder, Peter Kaatsch, Michael Dördelmann, Karl Welte, Martin Zimmermann, Alfred Reiter, Michel Eichelbaum, Hansjörg Riehm, Martin Schrappe, Matthias Schwab
Journal: Blood (2009)
Mig6 is a negative regulator of EGF receptor–mediated skin morphogenesis and tumor formation
Authors: Ingvar Ferby, Markus Reschke, Oliver Kudlacek, Pjotr Knyazev, Guido Pantè, Kerstin Amann, Wolfgang Sommergruber, Norbert Kraut, Axel Ullrich, Reinhard Fässler, Rüdiger Klein
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Impact of peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment on liver tissue in patients with HCV or HCV–HIV co-infection
Authors: Rui Sarmento-Castro, Ana Horta, Olga Vasconcelos, Helena Coelho, Josefina Mendez, Ana Paula Tavares, João Seabra, Manuela Duarte, Leonor Chaves, Olga Fortes, Cristina Recalde, Ângela Ventura, Nuno Pires, Luciana Pinho, Nancy Dias, Fátima Carneiro
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Genetic Diversity and the Evolutionary History of Plant Immunity Genes in Two Species of Zea
Authors: David A. Moeller, Peter Tiffin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Plant pathogenesis-related genes (PR genes) code for enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, and other peptides that confer resistance to pathogens and herbivores. Although several PR genes have been the subject of molecular population genetic analyses, a general understanding of their long-term evolutionary dynamics remains incomplete. Here we analyze sequence data from 17 PR genes from two closely related teosinte species of central Mexico. In addition to testing whether patterns of diversity at individual loci depart from expectations under a neutral model, we compared patterns of diversity at defense genes, as a class, to nondefense genes. In Zea diploperennis, the majority of defense genes have patterns of diversity consistent with neutral expectations while at least two genes showed evidence of recent positive selection consistent with arms-race models of antagonistic coevolution. In Zea mays ssp. parviglumis, by contrast, analyses of both defense and nondefense genes revealed strong and consistent departures from the neutral model, suggestive of nonequilibrium population dynamics or population structure. Nevertheless, we found a significant excess of replacement polymorphism in defense genes compared to nondefense genes. Although we cannot exclude relaxed selective constraint as an explanation, our results are consistent with temporally variable (transient or episodic) selection or geographically variable selection acting on parviglumis defense genes. The different patterns of diversity found in the two Zea species may be explained by parviglumis' greater distribution and population structure together with geographic variation in selection.
11C-Choline PET/CT for Restaging of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Tiziano Graziani, Francesco Ceci, Flavia Lobo Lopes, Josè Chichero, Paolo Castellucci, Riccardo Schiavina, Lorenzo Bianchi, Sotirios Chondrogiannis, Patrick M. Colletti, Stefano Costa, Domenico Rubello, Stefano Fanti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The aim of this study was to evaluate of C-choline PET/CT in bladder cancer (BC) patients with suspected relapse after primary therapy.Twenty-five BC patients with surgery (21 [84%]) or radiotherapy (4 [16%]) with curative intent had PET/CT for suspicion of relapse. Mean TNM was T2b N0 M0 (range, T1a N0 M0 to T4 N2 M0), whereas mean age was 71.3 years (range, 50-85 years). Nine (36%) of 25 were treated with adjuvant or salvage chemotherapy within 6 months before PET/CT. Positive findings were validated by histology or correlative imaging and/or clinical follow-up lasting at least 12 months. Age, TNM, histology, previous chemotherapy, and type of primary treatment were correlated with PET/CT positivity by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis.C-choline PET/CT was positive in 16 (64%) of 25. Six (37.5%) of 16 were positive in residual bladder/bladder bed, with 2 local false positive (FP) and 1 false negative (FN) on lymph nodes (LNs); 3 of 16 patients had PET-positive LNs with 1 FP; 1 of 16 patients showed distant metastases. Two (12.5%) of 16 had positive residual bladder/bladder bed and locoregional LNs; 1 (6.3%) of 16, residual bladder/bladder bed and bone; metastasis, 1 (6.3%) of 16 residual bladder/bladder bed and lung metastasis; 2 (12.5%) of 16, LN and distant metastasis. Five (56%) of 9 of PET negatives were FN in residual bladder/bladder bed. Eighteen (72%) of 25 were validated by histology, with 7 (18%) of 25 by correlative imaging and/or clinical follow-up. C-choline PET/CT was sensitive, specific, and accurate, with good positive and negative predictive values for local relapse of 66.7%, 84.6%, 76%, 80%, and 73.3% and 90%, 93.3%, 92%, 90%, and 93.3% for LNs and distant relapse, respectively. No FP or FN was detected for distant metastasis. None of the investigated factors were statistically significant.C-choline PET/CT is useful for restaging BC suspected of relapse, especially for the evaluation of LN or distant metastases.
Blood transfusion requirement for gastric cancer surgery: Reasonable preparation for transfusion in the comprehensive health insurance system
Authors: Yoshiyuki Hoya, Tomoko Takahashi, Ryouta Saitoh, Tadashi Anan, Toshiyuki Sasaki, Takuya Inagaki, Satoshi Yamazaki, Makoto Yamashita, Katsuhiko Yanaga
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2008)
AMYOTONIA CONGENITATHE REPORT OF A CASE WITH MUSCLE BIOPSY
Authors: A. L. SKOOG
Journal: JAMA (1910)

There are two excuses for presenting a paper on amyotonia congenita before this important scientific assemblage: first, the fact that this contains the earliest reported case in the United States in which a biopsy had been performed and a microscopic examination made of the excised muscle; and, second, the paucity of cases that have appeared in the American literature. There is very little material on this subject in the text-books; and the statement holds true for special works on neurology as well as pediatrics.  As yet we can not give the malady a distinctive pathologic description, one which will distinguish it from the myopathies, although I do believe that it is entitled to be classed as a distinct disease. It is a rare neurological condition, but has no doubt presented itself in the past to clinicians, to be placed in the category of one of the muscular dystrophies, polyneuritis or
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Detects Intraplaque Neovascularization in an Experimental Model of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Chiara Giannarelli, Borja Ibanez, Giovanni Cimmino, Josè M. Garcia Ruiz, Francesco Faita, Elisabetta Bianchini, M. Urooj Zafar, Valentin Fuster, Mario J. Garcia, Juan J. Badimon
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Benefits and Risks of Exercise-Reply
Authors: Jeffrey P. Koplan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  One of the objectives of our study on running was to try to qualify some specific benefits and risks of running as an aerobic exercise. There are many alternative forms of exercise that promote muscular and cardiopulmonary fitness, including bicycling, brisk walking, swimming, racket sports, and dancing. Bicycling may be preferable for some people, as may swimming or aerobic dancing for others, but each of these activities should be viewed as having both benefits and risks. What is the rate of neck or low-back strain in cyclists and the rate of abrasions or collisions? What is the rate of external otitis in swimmers or eye injuries in racketball players?  All sports enthusiasts demonstrate by their continued participation and advocacy that they feel the benefits outweigh the risks of their chosen exercise. However, the risks should be documented and quantified.
Load dependence of proximal tubular fluid and bicarbonate reabsorption in the remnant kidney of the Munich-Wistar rat.
Authors: D A Maddox, J F Horn, F C Famiano, F J Gennari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Studies were undertaken to characterize the pattern of proximal tubular fluid (APRH2O) and bicarbonate reabsorption (APRHCO3) in the remnant kidney of euvolemic Munich-Wistar rats. The remnant kidney rats were placed on a diet containing either low or normal protein. Collections were obtained in the early, mid-, and late proximal convoluted tubule. Single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) increased from 40.2 nl/min in controls to 58.8 nl/min in low protein remnant kidney and 78.1 nl/min in normal protein remnant kidney rats. The filtered load of bicarbonate was 1,272, 1,641, and 2,013 pmol/min, in the three groups, respectively. APRH2O and APRHCO3 increased nearly in parallel. Most of the increase in reabsorption occurred in the early proximal tubule. Tubular hypertrophy could account for at least 20-40% of the increase in reabsorption, but the majority of the increase appeared to be a delivery-dependent response similar to that observed in normal rats after an acute increase in SNGFR.
Pulmonary metabolism of foreign compounds: its role in metabolic activation.
Authors: G M Cohen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The lung has the potential of metabolizing many foreign chemicals to a vast array of metabolites with different pharmacological and toxicological properties. Because many chemicals require metabolic activation in order to exert their toxicity, the cellular distribution of the drug-metabolizing enzymes in a heterogeneous tissue, such as the lung, and the balance of metabolic activation and deactivation pathways in any particular cell are key factors in determining the cellular specificity of many pulmonary toxins. Environmental factors such as air pollution, cigarette smoking, and diet markedly affect the pulmonary metabolism of some chemicals and, thereby, possibly affect their toxicity.
Zinc Supplementation During Pregnancy
Authors: Henry N. Ginsberg
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —We find the study by Dr Goldenberg and colleagues 1 on the effect of zinc supplementation on pregnancy outcome in poor African—American women ethically troublesome because the pregnant women whose diets had less than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 15 mg of zinc per day were deprived of this essential nutrient as a supplement.  In addition, the diets of the study participants were not assessed for phytate and fiber, which are associated with low bioavailability of dietary zinc. 2 The authors cite references that indicate zinc is an essential nutrient. 3 The National Research Council has documented that dietary zinc deficiency in humans causes growth retardation and immunological abnormalities. 4   Most women in this study did not seek prenatal care until they were approximately 19 weeks pregnant. The plasma zinc levels of these women were already below the median for this population. Health care professionals are
Survey of Modalities of Toxicity Assessment and Reporting in Noncomparative Prospective Studies of Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Francesco Perrone, Ermelinda De Maio, Paolo Maione, Massimo Di Maio, Alessandro Ottaiano, Matilde Pensabene, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Alessandra Vernaglia Lombardi, Ciro Gallo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To review how toxicity, a main end point of phase II studies, is assessed and reported in published phase II chemotherapy trials in breast cancer. METHODS: A survey was performed by hand-searching studies published in seven distinguished journals between 1995 and 1999. All selected articles were independently evaluated by two investigators using an ad hoc study report form. Descriptive statistics, contingency tables, and the χ2 test were applied. RESULTS: Overall, 122 articles were found; 65.6% lacked a statistical study design. Planned modalities for assessment of toxicity were inadequately reported in 20.5% of the studies. The scheduling of assessment of hematologic toxicity varied greatly. Toxicity was predominantly summarized per patient (69.7%). Although overall the World Health Organization scale was adopted more frequently (45.9%), the Common Toxicity Criteria (in different versions) were used more frequently in studies published in journals with a high impact factor (P = .001), in more recently initiated studies (P = .03), in sponsored studies (P = .0006), and in studies with an identifiable statistical design (P = .006). CONCLUSION: The wide diversity in modalities of toxicity assessment and reporting observed in this study suggests that the reliability of the body of published data on the toxicity of chemotherapy in breast cancer may be questionable. Current standards should be revised and harmonized to improve the reliability of such data. A checklist is proposed to help editorial evaluation of assessment and reporting of toxicity in phase II studies.