tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human T cells cannot act as autonomous antigen-presenting cells, but induce tolerance in antigen-specific and alloreactive responder cells.
Authors: S Sidhu, S Deacock, V Bal, J R Batchelor, G Lombardi, R I Lechler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

The ability of two HLA-DR-expressing human T cell clones to function as antigen-presenting cells (APC) was investigated using highly purified T cells. The results demonstrated that these T cell clones are unable to act as autonomous APC, and that recognition of nominal or alloantigens on the surface of T cells leads to a state of nonresponsiveness. The first observation was that a T cell clone with specificity for the 306-324 peptide of influenza hemagglutinin (HA), and raised from a DR1 responder, exhibited apparent degeneracy of major histocompatibility complex restriction when cultured with peptide in the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) expressing a wide variety of structurally unrelated DR types. However, when the PBMC were pulsed with peptide and washed before coculture with the clone, peptide was exclusively recognized with DR1Dw1. This implied that in the presence of soluble peptide the T cells were displaying ligand to each other, and that the third-party APC were providing costimulatory signals. To test the ability of T cells to act as autonomous APC, accessory cell-free preparations of two DR1-restricted clones were cultured with peptide in the presence or the absence of added B cell APC. T cell purity was established by the absence of proliferation in response to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA-nonresponsive T cells were completely unable to proliferate in response to peptide alone; furthermore, preculture of the HA-specific clone, in the complete absence of accessory cells, with the same concentration of peptide (1 microgram/ml) that induced optimal proliferation when presented by conventional APC, led to profound nonresponsiveness. The same phenomenon was also observed when two of three anti-DR1 alloreactive T cell clones were precultured with a DR1-expressing T cell clone. The ability of the DR1-expressing clone to induce nonresponsiveness in anti-DR1 clones correlated with recognition of the DR1 alloantigen on the DR1-expressing clone.
Antiretroviral therapy corrects HIV-1–induced expansion of CD8+CD45RA+CD27−CD11abright activated T cells
Authors: Li Yin, Carina A. Rodriguez, Wei Hou, Olivia Potter, Margaret J. Caplan, Maureen M. Goodenow, John W. Sleasman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)

HIV infection decreases thymic output and induces chronic T-cell activation.To examine the reconstitution of naive and activated T cells.Extended immune phenotyping of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets was combined with T-cell receptor rearrangement excision circle (TREC) levels and measures of T-cell receptor repertoire perturbations in CD8(+) T-cell subpopulation to define the global effect of HIV-1 on T-cell dynamics. Evaluations before and after therapy were performed in HIV-infected children and compared with those in healthy individuals.Ten HIV-infected children and adolescents with a broad range of pretherapy CD4(+) T-cell counts were compared with healthy individuals. Pretherapy late activated CD8(+) T cells (CD3(+)CD8(+)CD45RA(+)CD27(-)CD11a(bright) cells) were expanded among HIV-infected subjects. Successful antiretroviral therapy increased the proportion of naive T cells (CD3(+)CD4(+)CD45RA(+)CD27(+)CD28(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+)CD45RA(+)CD27(+)CD11a(dim) cells), with a significant decrease in late activated CD8(+) T cells. The proportion of naive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells significantly predicted log(10) TREC copies/10(6) PBMCs in infected children and healthy control subjects, with a negative correlation in late activated CD8(+) T cells and activated CD4(+) T cells. Treatment re-established Gaussian distributions and decreased oligoclonal expansion within the Vbeta repertoire of CD8(+)CD45RA(+) T cells, but compared with that seen in healthy children, the proportion of late activated CD8(+) T cells remained increased.HIV infection strikingly shifts the proportion of naive and late activated CD45RA(+)CD8(+) T cells. Homeostasis within this T-cell population reflects TREC levels and the extent of T-cell receptor Vbeta perturbations.
Missense mutation in exon 7 of TRPS1 gene in an Italian family with a mild form of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I
Authors: A. Rossi, V. Devirgiliis, V. Panasiti, R.G. Borroni, M. Carlesimo, M. Gentile, F. Cariola, S. Calvieri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, three types of which have been described in the literature. All of them are characterized by alopecia, facial dysmorphism and bone deformities. Deletions and nonsense mutations of the TRPS1 gene are responsible for most of the TRPS I and III cases with no clear genotype-phenotype correlation. The majority of missense mutations have been described at TRPS1 exon 6, encoding a presumptive GATA DNA-binding domain, and are known to be associated with the most severe forms of the phenotypic spectrum of TRPS. Mutation mapping at exon 7 described to date includes nonsense mutations and a familial case with an insertion mutation.To determine a possible correlation between a mutation at exon 7 and mild TRPS phenotype.We describe three members of an Italian family with TRPS I. All three showed clinical features typical of TRPS I such as temporal alopecia and facial abnormalities, but no mental retardation.Mutation analysis showed a missense mutation (R952C) in exon 7 of the TRPS1 gene.R952C is the first missense mutation described outside the GATA zinc-finger domain of TRPS1. In contrast with missense mutations occurring within this region, this mutation prevents the transport of the TRPS1 protein into the nucleus, therefore determining TRPS I by haploinsufficiency. We hypothesize that a TRPS exon 7 mutation could result in a mild phenotype.
Allergenicity assessment of transgenic mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i>) expressing bacterial<i>codA</i>gene
Authors: A. K. Singh, A. K. Mehta, S. Sridhara, S. N. Gaur, B. P. Singh, P. U. Sarma, N. Arora
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Assessing the allergenicity and toxicity of genetically modified (GM) crops is essential before they become a regular part of our food supply. The present study aimed to assess the allergenicity of Brassica juncea (mustard) expressing choline oxidase (codA) gene from Arthrobacter globiformis that provides resistance against abiotic stresses.SDAP, Farrp, and Swiss-Prot databases were used to study allergenicity of choline oxidase. Digestibility of choline oxidase was assessed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity of native and GM mustard was compared by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and skin tests in respiratory-allergic patients. Allergenicity of GM and native mustard proteins was compared in Balb/c mice.Choline oxidase showed no significant homology with allergenic proteins in SDAP and Farrp databases. Cross-reactive epitope search showed a stretch similar to Hev b 6 having some antigenic properties. Purified choline oxidase showed complete degradation with SGF. Skin prick test of native and GM mustard extract on respiratory allergic patients showed significant correlation (P < 0.05). ELISA with 96 patients' sera showed comparable IgE reactivity. Balb/c mice immunized with native and GM mustard proteins showed low IgE response. Presensitized mice on intravenous challenge with Brassica extract showed no anaphylactic symptoms unlike ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization that showed anaphylactic reaction in mice. Lung histology of OVA-sensitized mice showed narrowing of airway and large eosinophilic infiltration, whereas native and GM Brassica extract showed normal airway.Genetically modified mustard with the codA gene possessed allergenicity similar to that of native mustard and no enhancement of IgE binding was observed due to genetic manipulation.
1166-218 Modification of electrophysiologic properties of pulmonary veins and adjacent left atrial tissue by radiofrequency circumferential ablation of the pulmonary vein ostia: Correlation with nonrecurrence of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Hiroshi Sohara, Shyutaro Satake, Kazushi Tanaka, Sugako Ishigaki, Yoshio Yamaguchi, Shigeru Saito, Yoshio Watanabe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
OCT-Based Diagnosis and Management of STEMI Associated With Intact Fibrous Cap
Authors: Francesco Prati, Shiro Uemura, Geraud Souteyrand, Renu Virmani, Pascal Motreff, Luca Di Vito, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Jonathan Halperin, Valentin Fuster, Yukio Ozaki, Jagat Narula
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
The Significance of the Mitral Insufficiency Murmur.
Authors: Henry S. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964The Significance of the Mitral Insufficiency Murmur.Henry S. Miller Jr., M.D., Joseph Whitley, M.D., Laurence Leinbach, M.D.Henry S. Miller Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph Whitley, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Laurence Leinbach, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-713_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe diagnosis of mitral insufficiency is not difficult in most patients. However, determining the hemodynamic importance of an apical systolic murmur associated with mitral stenosis, aortic valvular disease, or both, is frequently difficult. Now that more patients with valvular disease are surgical candidates, the determination of each valvular abnormality is important.Because of the poor correlation of the murmurs, X rays, and electrocardiographic findings with the degree of mitral insufficiency in patients with other valvular problems, left heart catheterization was necessary. Initially, the transseptal left heart catheterization was performed, and the left atrial and ventricular pressure curves were analyzed. However,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Winston-Salem, North Carolina PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 713-714KeywordsCatheterizationElectrocardiographyHeartHemodynamicsMitral insufficiencyMitral stenosisSystolic ejection murmurValvular diseases Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Making matters worse for a broken heart
Authors: Norbert Frey, Eric N. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is an autosomal-dominant inherited disease characterized by increased cardiac mass, arrhythmias, and sudden death. It has been estimated that as many as 1 in 500 people carry a mutation in a sarcomeric protein gene that can result in FHC (1). Myofilaments containing mutant sarcomeric proteins have been shown to exhibit alterations in calcium sensitivity, myofilament velocity, myosin ATPase activity, and maximum force development (reviewed in ref. 2). However, it remains unclear how these changes in the contractile apparatus transduce signals that result in hypertrophy and reprogramming of cardiac gene expression.
Tricky thing, choice
Authors: J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2009)

This week’s cover story is a careful dissection of the information given to women who are about to undergo breast screening with mammography (doi:10.1136/bmj.b86). Three years ago Jorgensen and Gotzsche surveyed information given to women invited for breast screening in six countries and concluded that all of it was misleading—because it didn’t mention the major harm of misdiagnosis and overtreatment ( BMJ 2006;332:538). This week they and their colleagues revisit the issue—by explaining how the leaflet used in the United Kingdom still misleads. Gotzsche and his colleagues are known critics of breast screening programmes, having long argued that their benefits are small and their …
Negative anticardiolipin antibodies and vascular complications in Behcet's syndrome.
Authors: J Efthimiou, E.N Harris, G.R Hughes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

been unable to show the presence of mast cells in the centrifuged cellular debris of human peritoneal dialysis fluids.It is true that mast cells may be obtained at bronchopulmonary lavage but it seems likely that at most sites mast cells are not desquamated into body cavities.Freemont and Denton wrongly attribute to me a statement that 'high levels' of histamine occur in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.It was that the lupus anticoagulant may have a pathogenetic role in some patients with Behqet's syndrome (BS),' another Grande Valley.Protected by copyright.
Abstract A76: Comparative mRNA and microRNA expression profiling of canine mammary carcinoma cell lines and macrophages grown as a co-culture in vitro.
Authors: Magdalena Król, Karol Pawlowski, Kinga Majchrzak, Alicja Majewska, Tomasz Motyl
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Solid tumors comprise of various cells, including cancer cells, resident stromal cells, migratory haemopoietic cells and other. These cells regulate tumor growth and metastasis. Macrophages constitute probably the most important element of all interactions within the tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanism, that guides tumor environment, still remains unknown. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms that orchestrate these phenomena has been the aim of our study. The co-cultures of five various canine mammary carcinoma cell lines and macrophages were established and maintained for 72 hrs. After that, having sorted the cells, an integrated analysis of genome-wide mRNA and microRNA expression profiles have been assessed. The analysis showed that the up-regulated genes in the cancer cell lines grown as co-culture with macrophages are involved mainly in: macrophages activation, cell motion, mammary gland development, cell-cell adhesion, and angiogenesis. Basides, the presence of macrophages in the cancer environment induces acquisition of the macrophage antigens and phenotype in cancer cells. The up-regulated genes in macrophages grown as co-cultre with cancer cells were involved mainly in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix adhesion. We found that co-culture of cancer cells and macrophages regulates expression of several important miRNAs. Taken together, this integrated comparative study generated a scheme of the molecular changes that occur during interactions between macrophage and cancer. Because as far as we realize this is the first analysis of changes in miRNA expression in cancer cells due to a presence of macrophages, our study can serve as a valuable source for future studies on a tumor microenvironment, and some of the highlighted genes, miRNAs, pathways or processes may be useful for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. This work was supported by grant no N N308012939 from the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education. Citation Format: Magdalena Król, Karol Pawlowski, Kinga Majchrzak, Alicja Majewska, Tomasz Motyl. Comparative mRNA and microRNA expression profiling of canine mammary carcinoma cell lines and macrophages grown as a co-culture in vitro. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A76.
The influence of isotretinoin upon fibrinolysis in patients with acne
Authors: G. M. DOOTSON, J. KEIDAN, P. L. HARPER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

A patient with haemophilia A and acne was recently reported to have experienced increased bleeding during therapy with isotretinoin.1 The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of isotretinoin upon fibrinolysis, and more specifically upon tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) levels, in haemostatically normal individuals. Thirteen patients with severe acne received a 4‐month course of isotretinoin at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day. In all cases, the acne responded to therapy, and the patients did not show any evidence of unexpected bleeding or bruising throughout the study. Although all investigations remained within the normal range, tPA measurements rose significantly (P < 0·001) after 3 months' therapy compared with pretreatment values. Retinoids have been shown to stimulate tPA production in vitro from human endothelial cells.2 Our results confirm that this can be demonstrated in vivo. Prior to therapy with isotretinoin. when all patients had inflammatory acne, PAI measurements were elevated in 12 of 13 individuals. The mean measurement of PAI decreased from 98.38 ± 63.30ng/ml prior to treatment, to 24·63 ± 15.2 ng/ml (P<0·01) in the eight patients who returned for blood tests 6 weeks after completing therapy. The decline in PAI levels appears to reflect the resolving cutaneous inflammation following treatment with isotretinoin, rather than a direct effect of isotretinoin on the synthesis or release of PAI. This study provides further evidence that tPA production is stimulated by isotretinoin, and that this, together with falling PAI levels, may accelerate tibrinolysis. There was no clinical evidence that haemostasis was impaired in these haematologically normal individuals. However, the influence of retinoids upon fibrinolysis in haemostatically compromised patients may be clinically relevant, and at the present time we would caution against the use of retinoids in patients with impaired haemostasis.
Teeth and benign oesophageal stricture.
Authors: D G Maxton, C C Ainley, S L Grainger, R W Morris, R P Thompson
Journal: Gut (1987)

In patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, benign oesophageal strictures were significantly more frequent (p less than 0.01) in those with severe tooth loss than in controls of the same age. This may be because of edentulous patients eating less solid and more liquid food, which would otherwise dilate the lower oesophagus, or poor salivary flow leading to both tooth loss and impaired neutralisation of refluxed gastric acid, or malnutrition. No association was found, however, between either oesophagitis or hiatus hernia and dentition.
Environmental justice: building a unified vision of health and the environment.
Authors: Charles Lee
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The assorted and multidimensional concerns that give rise to the issue of environmental justice have proved to be intellectually daunting and highly resistant to positive change. Low-income, people of color, and tribal communities confronting environmental stressors are beset by stressors in both the physical and social environments. For this reason, while the bifurcation of the public health and environmental fields taking place over the past several decades has yielded generally negative impacts in areas of public health, environment, and planning, the consequences for low-income and disadvantaged communities have been especially grievous. This commentary builds on the recent Institute of Medicine workshop titled "Rebuilding the Unity of Health and the Environment: A New Vision of Environmental Health for the 21st Century." The workshop organizers posited that only by thinking about environmental health on multiple levels will it be possible to merge various strategies to protect both the environment and health. In this commentary we examine how such a new vision of uniting public health and the environment can contribute to attaining environmental justice for all populations.
Effectiveness of Automatic Shoulder Belt Systems in Motor Vehicle Crashes
Authors: Frederick P. Rivara, Thomas D. Koepsell, David C. Grossman, Charles Mock
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Context Approximately 10 million cars with automatic shoulder belt systems are currently in use in the United States.However, reports on the effectiveness of such restraints have yielded conflicting results.Objective To determine the effectiveness of automatic shoulder belt systems in reducing the risk of injury and death among front-seat passenger vehicle occupants.Design, Setting, and Subjects Analysis of data collected from the 1993-1996 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Crashworthiness Data System on frontseat occupants involved in 25 811 tow-away crashes of passenger cars, light trucks, vans, and sport utility vehicles. Main Outcome MeasuresDeath and serious injury to specific body areas by use of manual lap and shoulder belts, automatic shoulder belts with manual lap belts, or automatic shoulder belts without lap belts, compared with no restraint use. ResultsUse of automatic shoulder belts without lap belts was associated with a decrease in the risk of death vs no restraint use but was not statistically significant for all crashes (odds ratio [OR], 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42-1.06)or for frontal crashes (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.38-1.35)after adjustment for occupant age, sex, vehicle year, airbag deployment, estimated change in vehicle speed during the crash, and principal direction of force.This association was significantly weaker than the 86% lower risk observed for use of automatic shoulder belts with lap belts (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.07-0.26vs no restraint; PϽ.05).Use of automatic shoulder belts without lap belts was associated with an increased risk of serious chest (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.11-6.35)and abdominal (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.004-4.22)injuries for all crashes.Conclusions These data indicate that improperly used automatic restraint systems may be less effective than properly used systems and are associated with an increased risk of serious chest and abdominal injuries.Given the continued widespread use of these automatic systems, educational programs may be warranted.
Reslizumab for inadequately controlled asthma with elevated blood eosinophil counts: results from two multicentre, parallel, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials
Authors: Mario Castro, James Zangrilli, Michael E Wechsler, Eric D Bateman, Guy G Brusselle, Philip Bardin, Kevin Murphy, Jorge F Maspero, Christopher O'Brien, Stephanie Korn
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2015)
Seizures after antiemetic treatment with high dose domperidone: report of four cases.
Authors: A Weaving, W R Bezwoda, D P Derman
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Seizures after antiemetic treatment with high dose domperidone: report of four casesThe judicious use of antiemetic treatment has made chemotherapy tolerable for a considerable number of patients.'As the dosage of antiemetic drugs is increased, however, so side effects-particularly in the central nervous system-are bound to increase in incidence and severity.We report the occurrence of seizures in four patients treated with high dose intravenous domperidone as prophylaxis against chemotherapy induced emesis.Clinical and biochemical data of patients who developed seizures while receiving high dose domperidone Amount of domperidone Case Serum electrolytes (mmol/l) Blood Blood administered before No Chemotherapy regimen sugar urea occurrence of seizures K+