tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validation of attenuation-corrected equilibrium radionuclide angiographic determinations of right ventricular volume: comparison with cast-validated biplane cineventriculography.
Authors: L J Dell'Italia, M R Starling, R A Walsh, F R Badke, J C Lasher, R Blumhardt
Journal: Circulation (1985)

To determine the accuracy of attenuation-corrected equilibrium radionuclide angiographic determinations of right ventricular volumes, we initially studied 14 postmortem human right ventricular casts by water displacement and biplane cineventriculography. Biplane cineventriculographic right ventricular cast volumes, calculated by a modification of Simpson's rule algorithm, correlated well with right ventricular cast volumes measured by water displacement (r = .97, y = 8 + 0.88x, SEE = 6 ml). Moreover, the mean volumes obtained by both methods were no different (73 +/- 28 vs 73 +/- 25 ml). Subsequently, we studied 16 patients by both biplane cineventriculography and equilibrium radionuclide angiography. The uncorrected radionuclide right ventricular volumes were calculated by normalizing background corrected end-diastolic and end-systolic counts from hand-drawn regions of interest obtained by phase analysis for cardiac cycles processed, frame rate, and blood sample counts. Attenuation correction was performed by a simple geometric method. The attenuation-corrected radionuclide right ventricular end-diastolic volumes correlated with the cineventriculographic end-diastolic volumes (r = .91, y = 3 + 0.92x, SEE = 27 ml). Similarly, the attenuation-corrected radionuclide right ventricular end-systolic volumes correlated with the cineventriculographic end-systolic volumes (r = .93, y = - 1 + 0.91x, SEE = 16 ml). Also, the mean attenuation-corrected radionuclide end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were no different than the average cineventriculographic end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (160 +/- 61 and 83 +/- 44 vs 170 +/- 61 and 86 +/- 43 ml, respectively). Comparison of the uncorrected and attenuation-corrected radionuclide right ventricular volumes demonstrated narrower 95% confidence intervals for the attentuation-corrected right ventricular volume determinations over a wide range of cineventriculographic volumes. Thus we conclude that: (1) attenuation-corrected radionuclide right ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes compare closely with those obtained by a cast-validated biplane cineventriculographic method and (2) attenuation-corrected radionuclide right ventricular volumes correspond more closely to determinations of biplane cineventriculographic right ventricular volumes and are thus likely to be more accurate than uncorrected radionuclide right ventricular volumes.
Gangliosides in neurological diseases.
Authors: C J Gibbs, G M McKhann, F S Walsh, R K Yu
Journal: BMJ (1993)

research for the first comprehensive national study of police surgeons.Our researches confirm that intoxication is implicated in many call outs.However, it was often not the prime reason for the call out, typically occurring in combination with other factors, usually some form of physical injury.In cases focusing on fitness to be detained it was the injury rather than the intoxication that was the prime reason for the call out.In cases involving the assessment of fitness to be interviewed, mental state assumed a greater importance.Overall, injury and assault accounted directly for 36% of consultations and alcohol for 19%.This finding concurs with the personal study of Payne-James.' With regard to the assessment of fitness for interview, a key issue is the need for any standardised approach to incorporate a record of the reasons for particular decisions.We believe that the present system within the Metropolitan Police District carries a potential for discrepancy between custody records, surgeons' notes, and records of a surgeon's attendance.Only a minority of police surgeons' decisions subsequently receive in depth scrutiny and our work found no reason to doubt the quality of the service, but this shortcoming should be addressed.
Sarcoidosis in a child, presenting as an erythroderma with keratotic spines and palmar pits
Authors: J.G.L. MORRISON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

A case of sarcoidosis with generalized erythroderma, exfoliation and micropapule formation in a 6-year-old boy is presented. Follicular spiny keratoses, resembling those seen in pityriasis rubra pilaris, and palmo-plantar pitting were among the other extraordinary features in this case. The epider-mis overlying the widespread sarcoid granulomata showed parakeratosis, lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of the basal layer.
Glycemic control in patients with diabetes in Finland.
Authors: T Valle, V A Koivisto, A Reunanen, T Kangas, A Rissanen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

To evaluate the quality of diabetes care at a national level in Finland, using level of glycemia as a determinant of success in treatment.Physicians and diabetes nurses in 76 randomly selected clinics (59 primary care units and 17 hospitals) evenly covering the whole of Finland were asked to fill in a questionnaire asking for data based on the 1993 medical records of a random sample of 50 diabetic patients from each center (total n = 3,800). HbAlc was used as an index of glycemic control.Information on 3,195 (84%) diabetic patients was received. HbAlc was measured in 67% of the patients in 1993. The mean HbAlc in the whole population was 8.6 +/- 1.9% (normal range 4-6%). Some 25% of patients had HbAlc < or = 7.3%, while 25% had HbAlc > or = 9.7%. The mean HbAlc was 8.8 +/- 1.9% in type 1 and 8.5 +/- 1.9% in type 2 diabetic patients. There was no sex difference in the HbAlc level in type 1 diabetic patients. However, male type 2 diabetic patients had better glycemic control than female patients (8.3 +/- 1.9 vs. 8.8 +/- 1.9%, P < 0.0001). The sex difference was independent of the type of therapy. The mean level of glycemic control was lowest among individuals with the shortest duration of diabetes. After 7-9 years after the diagnosis, there was no change in the mean level of glycemia.Average glycemic control is poor in a majority of the diabetic patients in Finland. Better treatment strategies and methods should be used to improve glycemic control and to reduce long-term complications.
Pets in hospitals
Authors: D. MacCarthy
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Neonatal enterovirus myocarditis is a rare but serious infection that is often an underrecognized cause of cardiovascular collapse. Enterovirus myocarditis in patients with such collapse should be suspected when signs of congestive heart failure and tachyarrhythmia are present. The majority of reported electrical disturbances associated with enterovirus myocarditis are ventricular in origin, but the infection can present as atrial tachyarrhythmia. Atrial tachyarrhythmias associated with enterovirus myocarditis are difficult to manage because of their resistance to conventional antiarrhythmic therapy. We present 2 cases of neonates with atrial tachycardia associated with enterovirus myocarditis who responded to a combination of amiodarone and flecainide.
Lives in Distress. The Paths of the Elderly to the Psychiatric Ward
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Bearing a rather dramatic and poignant title, this slim volume is more realistically designated by its subtitle, "The Paths of the Elderly to the Psychiatric Ward." Apparently the first of a four-volume work on aging by the Langley Porter Institute, it analyzes how and why 530 elderly patients arrived at the psychiatric screening wards of the San Francisco General Hospital and describes their later disposition. Quite obviously a tremendous amount of work was devoted to this inquiry, but it is apparent that too much of it was fed directly into the maw of an electronic computer. Thus the book is filled with a presentation of percentage distributions of various minutiae, of which the following is a characteristic example: "When the prime-of-life descriptions were intrapersonal, they were predominantly positive (81%); but when they were interpersonal, they were rarely positive (18%) and very often negative (42%, compared with 13% negative interpersonal qualities)."
Don't Drink and Drive — Different Kinds of Doctors — Medical Checkup under Fire
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

LAST November the Ministry of Transport launched a campaign with the slogan, "Don't ask a man to drink and drive."In spite of this campaign the report of the Road Research laboratory suggests that drink was a factor in 44 per cent of the 119 deaths on the roads in England and Wales over the Christmas holiday. Furthermore, blood examinations on 733 people killed on the roads during last December and January showed that 38 per cent of drivers and 34 per cent of all road users had been consuming alcohol on the evidence of blood alcohol levels of 5 . . .
Low plasma vitamin D in Asian toddlers in Britain
Authors: B A Wharton
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The body of web advertising research has grown continuously during the last few years. Our understanding of the new medium has trailed the increasing web experience among advertisers and consumers. However, there is still one important knowledge gap, namely the communication effects of website advertising. How should websites be designed to attain brand-related communication effects?
Abstract 1384: Prevention of angiogenesis by aldose reductase inhibition
Authors: Ashish Saxena, Ravinder Tammali, Aramati BM Reddy, Satish K. Srivastava, Kota V. Ramana
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have recently shown that Aldose Reductase (AR) known to be involved in oxidative stress-signaling, initiated by inflammatory markers, prevents human colon cancer cell growth in culture as well as in nude mice xenografts. Inhibition of AR also prevents azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in mice. In order to understand the chemopreventive mechanism of AR inhibition in colon cancer, we have investigated the role of AR in the mediation of angiogenic signals in vitro and in vivo models. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), we have investigated the effect of AR inhibition on VEGF- and bFGF- induced tube as well as spheroid formation in in vitro angiogenesis. We have also determined the invasion and migration of HUVEC by inhibition of AR. Further, to determine the in vivo efficacy of AR inhibition on angiogenesis, matrigel plug assay was performed using a rat model. Our results show that inhibition of AR significantly prevented the VEGF- and bFGF -induced proliferation and generation of reactive oxygen species in HUVEC. Further, AR inhibition also prevented the VEGF- and bFGF- induced secretion/expression of IL-6, MMP1, MMP9, ICAM, and VCAM. Matrigel plug model of angiogenesis in rats showed that inhibition of AR prevented the infiltration of blood cells, invasion, migration and formation of capillary like structures, and expression of blood vessels markers CD31 and vWF. Thus, our results demonstrate that AR inhibitors could be novel drugs for cancer chemoprevention by inhibiting angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1384.
Evidence for neurological dysfunction in end-stage protoporphyric liver disease
Authors: Jeffrey M. Rank, Robert Carithers, Joseph Bloomer
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Protoporphyria is a genetic disorder characterized by a defect in the enzyme ferrochelatase, which catalyzes the chelation of iron to protoporphyrin. This causes excessive accumulation and excretion of protoporphyrin. The predominant clinical feature is photosensitivity. Progressive and fatal liver disease occurs in a small percentage of cases. We report our experience with eight patients with end-stage protoporphyric liver disease in whom a syndrome developed before transplantation that resembled the neurological crises of the acute porphyrias. This syndrome was characterized by abdominal pain, hypertension, tachycardia, extremity pain and weakness, constipation and nausea and vomiting. Erythrocyte and serum protoporphyrin levels were markedly increased in all patients. In one patient, profound hemolysis developed during the anhepatic phase of transplantation and continued over a period of 72 hr, causing an extreme increase in the serum protoporphyrin level. Progressive weakness deteriorated to paralysis in this patient. This phenomenon suggests that protoporphyrin may gain access to neural tissue when serum levels are markedly increased, causing neurotoxicity.
The Safety of Nuclear Power Plants in the United States
Authors: Robert A. Bari
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The purpose of this letter is to clarify a statement made by H. Jack Geiger, MD, in the article entitled "The Accident at Chernobyl and the Medical Response."<sup>1</sup>Dr Geiger states that the design features found at Chernobyl are similar to those in many US reactors. In particular, he mentions some characteristics of the design of the Chernobyl containment structure. He does not, however, compare the design features of the Chernobyl and US containment structures correctly. The similarities between the design features of the containment structure at Chernobyl and those of the US plants are more apparent than real. Important parts of the Chernobyl primary coolant system were outside the containment; these became the openings through which release of the fission products first took place. There is no corresponding feature for American reactors. Second, analysis indicates a much more limited protective capability for the containment that
CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ROFLUMILAST: FINDINGS FROM A POOLED ANALYSIS OF 14 RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS INVOLVING OVER 12,000 PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: William B. White, Philip B. Gorelick, Glen Cooke, Klaus F. Rabe, Peter Calverley, Leonardo M. Fabbri, Fernando Martinez, Udo-Michael Goehring, Ulo Palm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Pseudodiphtheria: Prominent Pharyngeal Membrane Associated with Fatal Paraquat Ingestion
Authors: DAVID S. STEPHENS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Three patients presented with prominent pharyngeal membranes suggestive of tonsillar-pharyngeal diphtheria, but later found to be caused by oral ingestion of the herbicide paraquat. In all cases appropriate therapy was delayed because of failure to include paraquat in the differential diagnosis: Paraquat ingestion should be considered in all patients with prominent tongue and pharyngeal membranes.
Clinical Immunology of the Kidney
Authors: David M. Ward
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This is a book with a clearly defined purpose. In a single volume, the many aspects of renal immunology are reviewed by a succession of acknowledged experts, mindful in the most part that the intended reader is the practicing nephrologist or advanced student who wants a careful assessment and readable interpretation of an extensive and often highly technical literature. The early chapters explain methods, mechanisms, and basic concepts in the relevant areas of immunology; the remainder deal with specific clinical topics. Interstitial nephritis, renal vasculitis, and kidney transplantation are all reviewed, although glomerular diseases get the lion's share. These are the enigmatic diseases that have engaged inquiring minds for decades and to which the origins of immunopathology research can be traced. Some of the chapters capture this sense of intellectual challenge and make engaging reading; all sections are written well and are meticulous in scholarship; all have extensive bibliographies. Inevitably,
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting with Bleeding Due to Duodenal Perforation by the Tumor
Authors: P. Humbert, J. Sarmiento, J. Boix, R. Planas, E. Quintero, T. Franquet, M. Villagrasa
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

A 70-year-old man was admitted with upper GI bleeding. Endoscopy showed a large duodenal bleeding mass. The aspect of the tumor was macroscopically similar to the liver surface. The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was made by aspiration cytology guided by abdominal computed tomographic scan. The postmortem examination revealed an extensive primary hepatic tumor which caused an ulcer in the first part of the duodenum and protruded into the lumen. This unusual presentation of a hepatocellular carcinoma has not been previously reported.
Republicans win vote in House of Representatives to repeal health reform bill
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

As expected, the Republican dominated House of Representatives voted on 19 January to repeal the health reform bill passed last March.

All 242 Republicans voted in favour of repeal; three Democrats voted in favour, and 189 voted against.

It was a symbolic act to fulfil a campaign promise by Republicans and their Tea Party allies to “repeal and replace” the health reform act. Republicans will try to force the Democrat dominated Senate to consider the bill, but if they succeed it is unlikely the Senate will vote to repeal. President Obama said that he would veto the repeal bill if it ever passed.

Republicans have not said how they plan to replace the health reform legislation if they manage to repeal it. Republicans in the House of Representatives directed several committees to draft proposals …
Federal Spending on AIDS — How Much Is Enough?
Authors: David E. Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

IN this issue of the Journal, Winkenwerder and his colleagues report on federal spending to date for research, education, and medical care to cope with the crisis caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They also project probable federal spending levels through 1992.1 This is a careful, well-balanced piece, presenting solid evidence that will be gobbled up avidly and used vigorously to support the views of those who come down on either side of the question of the adequacy of our efforts to combat the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Those who think that the federal response has . . .
Locomotor Ataxia: its Early Recognition and General Management
Authors: E. A. Dent
Journal: BMJ (1907)

LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA.r TM ,rm 1821 -and the other denying, that the muscle can be seen to beat when eeparated from nerve cells.The contention that every cardiac muscle fibre is capable of supplying its own stimulus and beating independently may be taken as disproved.All the later evidence goes to show that the on 26 July
Maintenance therapy: a two year comparison between Caved-S and cimetidine treatment in the prevention of symptomatic gastric ulcer recurrence.
Authors: A G Morgan, C Pacsoo, W A McAdam
Journal: Gut (1985)

Eighty two patients with an endoscopically healed gastric ulcer, were treated for two years with either Caved-S tablets, two twice daily or cimetidine 400 mg at night. During the first year, 12% (four out of 34) of the Caved-S group and 10% (four out of 41) of the cimetidine group had an ulcer recurrence. By the end of the second year, the recurrence rate was 29% (nine out of 31) in the Caved-S group, and 25% (eight out of 32) for the cimetidine group. Ulcer relapse occurred frequently in patients with either a dyspeptic history of over six months (p less than 0.05), or a past history of a gastric ulcer (p less than 0.001). Ulcers recurred rapidly after maintenance therapy; Caved-S two out of 22; cimetidine seven out of 23, within four months (NS). This study shows that long term maintenance therapy is safe and reasonably effective. The high recurrence rate after stopping treatment suggests that therapy in high risk or elderly patients should be for life.
Multicenter Study of Lamivudine Therapy for Hepatitis B After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Robert Perrillo, Jorge Rakela, Jules Dienstag, Gary Levy, Paul Martin, Teresa Wright, Stephen Caldwell, Eugene Schiff, Robert Gish, Jean Pierre Villeneuve, Gist Farr, Gaya Anschuetz, Lynn Crowther, Nathaniel Brown
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Hepatitis B after liver transplantation is often fatal, and no proven medical therapy exists for this condition. We chose to study the potential efficacy of lamivudine therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B after liver transplantation. Fifty–two patients with chronic hepatitis B after liver transplantation were treated in an open label, multicenter study. Each had detectable hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum and 45 (87%) had detectable serum hepatitis B e antigen before treatment. Patients were treated for 52 weeks with lamivudine (100 mg daily). The primary endpoint was undetectability of HBV DNA; secondary endpoints included normalization of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, disappearance of hepatitis B e antigen, and improvement in liver histology. After treatment, 60% of patients had undetectable HBV DNA by solution hybridization assay, 14 (31%) of the initially positive patients lost hepatitis B e antigen; hepatitis B surface antigen was undetectable in 3 (6%); and serum ALT levels normalized in 71%. Blinded histological assessments showed improvement in the histological activity index ( P = .007 for periportal necrosis, .001 for lobular necrosis, and .013 for portal inflammation). YMDD variants of HBV, potentially associated with drug resistance, were detected in 14 (27%) of the patients. Repeat liver biopsies in 7 patients with the mutated virus were unchanged in 2, improved in 2, and worse in 3. We conclude that lamivudine is a potentially effective therapy for hepatitis B after liver transplantation.
A Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Preeclampsia
Authors: Brenda Eskenazi
Journal: JAMA (1991)

--To determine, in a multivariate analysis, risk factors for preeclampsia that could be observed early in pregnancy and to establish whether these risk factors are different for nulliparas and multiparas.--A case-control study of preeclampsia.--Women who gave birth at Northern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers in 1984 and 1985.--Preeclamptic cases (n = 139) were determined from discharge diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and by confirmation of blood pressures and proteinuria from medical records. Controls (n = 132) were randomly selected women who had no discharge diagnosis of any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and who had no evidence of hypertension or proteinuria from medical record review.--Medical records were abstracted for information regarding maternal age, race, previous pregnancy history, family medical history, socioeconomic status, employment during pregnancy, body mass, and smoking and alcohol consumption.--Multiple logistic regression analyses confirmed that case patients were more likely than control patients to be nulliparous (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.4; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 2.8 to 10.3) and that preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy greatly increased the risk in a subsequent one (adjusted OR, 10.8; 95% Cl, 1.2 to 29.1). However, regardless of parity, preeclamptic women were also more likely to be of high body mass (adjusted OR, 1.7; 95% Cl, 1.2 to 6.2), to work during pregnancy (adjusted OR, 2.1; 95% Cl, 1.1 to 4.4), and to have a family history of hypertension (adjusted OR, 1.7; 95% Cl, 0.92 to 3.2). Having a previous history of a spontaneous abortion was protective but only in multiparous women (adjusted OR for multiparas, 0.09; 95% Cl, 0.02 to 0.48). In contrast, being black was a significant risk for preeclampsia but only in nulliparous women (adjusted OR for nulliparas, 12.3; 95% Cl, 1.6 to 100.8).--There are a number of risk factors for preeclampsia that may be determined early in a woman's pregnancy. Multiparas and nulliparas share certain risk factors but not others. A cohort investigation is needed to determine the ability of these risk factors to predict who develops preeclampsia.
Rapamycin induces apoptosis in monocyte- and CD34-derived dendritic cells but not in monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Andrea M. Woltman, Johan W. de Fijter, Sylvia W. A. Kamerling, Sandra W. van der Kooij, Leendert C. Paul, Mohamed R. Daha, Cees van Kooten
Journal: Blood (2001)