tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The determinants of onset of mitral valve prolapse in the systolic click-late systolic murmur syndrome.
Authors: D G Mathey, P R Decoodt, H N Allen, H J Swan
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The onset of mitral valve prolapse and its close correlate, the time of systolic click, vary considerably with different physiologic and pharmacologic interventions. In order to explain the mechanism responsible for these alterations, the effects of tilt and amyl nitrite inhalation on left ventricular dynamics and the time of the systolic click were studied by analyzing echocardiograms and simultaneously recorded phonocardiograms in 14 patients with mitral valve prolapse and mid-systolic click. The patients were studied in the supine position, with 40-60 degrees head-up tilt and after amyl nitrite inhalation. Computer analysis of the recordings was used to measure the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, the click diameter (left ventricular diameter at the time of mid-systolic click), the maximal velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (max VCF), and the time interval between the first heart sound and systolic click (S1-X). With tilt and amyl nitrite, shortening of the S1-X interval b y an average of 44 and 87 msec, respectively, was observed. The click diameter, however, remained virtually constant with both maneuvers. Earlier prolapse after tilt was due to a decrease in the end-diastolic diameter from 5.03 +/- 0.74 to 4.50 +/- 0.68 cm (P less than 0.001) with no change in max VCF. Immediately after amyl nitrite, earlier prolapse was due to an increase of VCF in the preprolapse period, with max VCF increasing from 2.15 +/- 0.27 to 3.06 +/- 0.40 circ/sec (P less than 0.001), there being no change in the end-diastolic diameter up to this time. The constant click diameter indicates that the abnormal valve motion in this syndrome occurs at a critical left ventricular chamber size. Variations in the onset of prolapse are caused by changes in left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions and the velocity of circumferential fiber shortening in the preprolapse period.
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator knockout mice exhibit aberrant gastrointestinal microbiota
Authors: Susan V. Lynch, Katherine C. Goldfarb, Yvette K. Wild, Weidong Kong, Robert C. De Lisle, Eoin L. Brodie
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome is increasingly recognized as a crucial contributor to immune and metabolic homeostasis—deficiencies in which are characteristic of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The murine model (CFTR−/−, CF), has, in previous studies, demonstrated characteristic CF gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations including slowed transit and significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation. To determine if characteristics of the microbiome are associated with these phenotypes we used a phylogenetic microarray to compare small intestine bacterial communities of wild type and congenic CF mice. Loss of functional CFTR is associated with significant decreases in GI bacterial community richness, evenness and diversity and reduced relative abundance of putative protective species such as Acinetobacter lwoffii and a multitude of Lactobacilliales members. CF mice exhibited significant enrichment of Mycobacteria species and Bacteroides fragilis, previously associated with GI infection and immunomodulation. Antibiotic administration to WT and CF animals resulted in convergence of their microbiome composition and significant increases in community diversity in CF mice. These communities were characterized by enrichment of members of the Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and reduced abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridiaceae. These data suggest that Enterobacteria and Clostridia species, long associated with small intestinal overgrowth and inflammatory bowel disease, may suppress both ileal bacterial diversity and the particular species which maintain motility and immune homeostasis in this niche. Thus, these data provide the first indications that GI bacterial colonization is strongly impacted by the loss of functional CFTR and opens up avenues for alternative therapeutic approaches to improve CF disease management.
Use of β-Blockers in Patients with Reactive Airway Disease
Authors: Shelley R. Salpeter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters19 August 2003Use of β-Blockers in Patients with Reactive Airway DiseaseShelley R. Salpeter, MD and Thomas M. Ormiston, MDShelley R. Salpeter, MDSanta Clara Valley Medical Center; San Jose, CA 95128 (Salpeter, Ormiston)Search for more papers by this author and Thomas M. Ormiston, MDSanta Clara Valley Medical Center; San Jose, CA 95128 (Salpeter, Ormiston)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-4-200308190-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree that further study of the long-term effects of β-blockers in patients with reactive airway disease is needed. Our study demonstrated the safety of cardioselective β-blockers in patients with mild to moderate reactive airway disease who were followed for up to 4 weeks. We believe that this study paves the way for larger, long-term trials to be done. In the meta-analysis, patients who received a single dose or continued treatment with a cardioselective β-blocker had an increased FEV1 response to -agonists compared with placebo. Furthermore, in the continued treatment trials, steroid use, asthma exacerbations, and hospitalizations did ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Santa Clara Valley Medical Center; San Jose, CA 95128 (Salpeter, Ormiston) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCardioselective β-Blockers in Patients with Reactive Airway Disease Shelley R. Salpeter , Thomas M. Ormiston , and Edwin E. Salpeter Fresh Air and β-Blockade Paul E. Epstein Use of β-Blockers in Patients with Reactive Airway Disease David J. Shulan , Michael Katlan , and Mollie Lavsky-Shulan Metrics 19 August 2003Volume 139, Issue 4Page: 304KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionAsthmaDiabetes mellitusForced expiratory volume in the first second of expirationHeart failureHospitalizationsSafety studiesStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 19 August 2003 Issue Published: 19 August 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE MORPHOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF IN-STENT RESTENOTIC TISSUE AFTER FIRST GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION: OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Maoto Habara, Mitsuyasu Terashima, Kenya Nasu, Euihong Ko, Yoshihisa Kinoshita, Etsuo Tsuchikane, Takahiko Suzuki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Clinical and Laboratory Double-blind Investigation on Effect of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Patients with Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: B. Dodman, W. J. Cunliffe, B. E. Roberts, R. Sibbald
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The effects of phenformin and ethyloestrenol and phenformin and stanozolol on the clinical state, plasma fibrinolytic activity, and fibrinogen-fibrin-related antigen (F.R.-antigen) were compared with placebo in 13 patients with cutaneous vasculitis. Eight patients showed considerable clinical improvement when taking phenformin and an anabolic steroid; an impaired fibrinolytic activity before treatment favoured clinical improvement.
Identification of a bone marrow–derived epithelial-like population capable of repopulating injured mouse airway epithelium
Authors: Amy P. Wong, Armand Keating, Wei-Yang Lu, Pascal Duchesneau, Xinghua Wang, Adrian Sacher, Jim Hu, Thomas K. Waddell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

The bone marrow compartment is enriched in stem and progenitor cells, and an unidentified subpopulation of these cells can contribute to lung epithelial repair. Here we identify this subpopulation and quantitate its relative contribution to injured airway epithelium. A subpopulation of adherent human and murine bone marrow cells that expresses Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) was identified using flow cytometry. When cultured at the air-liquid interface in ex vivo cultures, Ccsp+ cells expressed type I and type II alveolar markers as well as basal cell markers and active epithelial sodium channels. Ccsp+ cells preferentially homed to naphthalene-damaged airways when delivered transtracheally or intravenously, with the former being more efficient than the latter. Interestingly, naphthalene-induced lung damage transiently increased Ccsp expression in bone marrow and peripheral circulation. Furthermore, lethally irradiated Ccsp-null mice that received tagged wild-type bone marrow contained donor-derived epithelium in both normal and naphthalene-damaged airways. This study therefore identifies what we believe to be a newly discovered cell in the bone marrow that might have airway reconstitution potential in the context of cell-based therapies for lung disease. Additionally, these data could reconcile previous controversies regarding the contribution of bone marrow to lung regeneration.
Using Observational Data to Estimate Treatment Effects—Reply
Authors: Ralph B. D’Agostino, Ralph B. D’Agostino
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Detection of NPM1 exon 12 mutations and FLT3 – internal tandem duplications by high resolution melting analysis in normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Angela YC Tan, David A Westerman, Dennis A Carney, John F Seymour, Surender Juneja, Alexander Dobrovic
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2008)

Abstract Background Molecular characterisation of normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia (NK-AML) allows prognostic stratification and potentially can alter treatment choices and pathways. Approximately 45–60% of patients with NK-AML carry NPM1 gene mutations and are associated with a favourable clinical outcome when FLT3 -internal tandem duplications (ITD) are absent. High resolution melting (HRM) is a novel screening method that enables rapid identification of mutation positive DNA samples. Results We developed HRM assays to detect NPM1 mutations and FLT3 -ITD and tested diagnostic samples from 44 NK-AML patients. Eight were NPM1 mutation positive only, 4 were both NPM1 mutation and FLT3 -ITD positive and 4 were FLT3 -ITD positive only. A novel point mutation Y572C (c.1715A&gt;G) in exon 14 of FLT3 was also detected. In the group with de novo NK-AML, 40% (12/29) were NPM1 mutation positive whereas NPM1 mutations were observed in 20% (3/15) of secondary NK-AML cases. Sequencing was performed and demonstrated 100% concordance with the HRM results. Conclusion HRM is a rapid and efficient method of screening NK-AML samples for both novel and known NPM1 and FLT3 mutations. NPM1 mutations can be observed in both primary and secondary NK-AML cases.
5-HT2CRs expressed by pro-opiomelanocortin neurons regulate insulin sensitivity in liver
Authors: Yong Xu, Eric D Berglund, Jong-Woo Sohn, William L Holland, Jen-Chieh Chuang, Makoto Fukuda, Jari Rossi, Kevin W Williams, Juli E Jones, Jeffrey M Zigman, Bradford B Lowell, Philipp E Scherer, Joel K Elmquist
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2010)
Experience with a Mobile Coronary Care Unit.
Authors: John B. McMullen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Experience with a Mobile Coronary Care Unit.John B. McMullen, M.D., Richard P. Lewis, M.D., F.A.C.P., Charles V. Mattingly, M.D., James V. Warren, M.D., F.A.C.P.John B. McMullen, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Richard P. Lewis, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Charles V. Mattingly, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, James V. Warren, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-779_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMore than half the patients dying from myocardial infarction do not reach the hospital. A specially designed mobile coronary care unit has been introduced in Columbus, Ohio, to study the effect of earlier institution of coronary care. The unit responds to calls suggestive of a "heart attack" received by the Columbus Fire Department Emergency Squad. It is staffed by three squad members and a physician. The monitored infarct patient is stabilized and taken to the nearest hospital having a coronary care unit.From April to October 1969 the mobile unit responded 500 times. Half of the cases were diagnosed as... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John B. McMullen, M.D.; Richard P. Lewis, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Charles V. Mattingly, M.D.; James V. Warren, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Columbus, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMobile Pre-Hospital Coronary Care — Columbus, Ohio 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 779-780KeywordsCardiac care unitMyocardial infarction ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
PCB Exposure and <i>in Vivo</i> CYP1A2 Activity among Native Americans
Authors: Edward F. Fitzgerald, Syni-An Hwang, George Lambert, Marta Gomez, Alice Tarbell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Cytochrome P-450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is an enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of some carcinogens and is believed to be induced by xenobiotics. Very few studies, however, have investigated the association between environmental exposures and in vivo CYP1A2 activity in humans. To address this issue, a study was conducted of CYP1A2 activity among Native Americans exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the consumption of fish from the St. Lawrence River. At the Mohawk Nation at Akwesasne (in New York and in Ontario and Quebec, Canada), 103 adults were interviewed, and they donated blood for serum PCB analysis and underwent the caffeine breath test (CBT), a safe and noninvasive procedure that uses caffeine as a probe for CYP1A2 activity in vivo. The results supported the findings of other studies that CBT values are higher among smokers and men and lower among women who use oral contraceptives. Despite a relatively low average total PCB body burden in this population, the sum of serum levels for nine mono- or di-ortho-substituted PCB congeners showed positive associations with CBT values (p = 0.052 wet weight and p = 0.029 lipid adjusted), as did toxic equivalent quantities (TEQs; p = 0.091 for wet weight and 0.048 for lipid adjusted). Regarding individual congeners, serum levels of PCB-153, PCB-170, and PCB-180 were significantly correlated with CBT values. The results support the notion that CYP1A2 activity may be a marker of an early biological effect of exposure to PCBs in humans and that the CBT may be a useful tool to monitor such effects.
Cost-Effectiveness of Full Medicare Coverage of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors for Beneficiaries with Diabetes
Authors: Allison B. Rosen, Mary Beth Hamel, Milton C. Weinstein, David M. Cutler, A. Mark Fendrick, Sandeep Vijan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors slow renal disease progression and reduce cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Patients' out-of-pocket costs pose a barrier to using this effective therapy. Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness to Medicare of first-dollar coverage (no cost sharing) of ACE inhibitors for beneficiaries with diabetes. Design: Markov model with costs and benefits discounted at 3%. Data Sources: Published literature and Medicare claims data. Target Population: 65-year-old Medicare beneficiary with diabetes. Time Horizon: Lifetime. Perspective: Medicare and societal. Interventions: We evaluated Medicare first-dollar coverage of ACE inhibitors compared with current practice (no coverage) and the new Medicare drug benefit. Outcome Measures: Costs (2003 U.S. dollars), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), life-years, and incremental cost-effectiveness. Results of Base-Case Analysis: Compared with current practice, first-dollar coverage of ACE inhibitors saved both lives and money (0.23 QALYs gained and $1606 saved per Medicare beneficiary). Compared with the new Medicare drug benefit, first-dollar coverage remained a dominant strategy (0.15 QALYs gained, $922 saved). Results of Sensitivity Analysis: Results were most sensitive to our estimate of increase in ACE inhibitor use; however, if ACE inhibitor use increased by only 7.2% (from 40% to 47.2%), first-dollar coverage would remain life-saving at no net cost to Medicare. In analyses conducted from the societal perspective, benefits were similar and cost savings were larger. Limitations: Results depend on accuracy of the underlying data and assumptions. The effect of more generous drug coverage on medication adherence is uncertain. Conclusions: Medicare first-dollar coverage of ACE inhibitors for beneficiaries with diabetes appears to extend life and reduce Medicare program costs. A reduction in program costs may result in more money to spend on other health care needs of the elderly.
A single course of remission reinduction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia relapsing after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is complicated by graft-versus-host disease and followed by sustained complete remission
Authors: P Vandenberghe, GEG Verhoef, MP Emonds, H Demuynck, P Zachée, C De Wolf-Peeters, R Decorte, JJ Cassiman, MA Boogaerts
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
Prognostic Interplay of Coronary Artery Calcification and Underlying Vascular Dysfunction in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Masanao Naya, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Courtney R. Foster, Mariya Gaber, Josh Klein, Jon Hainer, Sharmila Dorbala, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo F. Di Carli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Concentration‐dependent sedimentation properties of ferritin: Implications for estimation of iron contents of serum ferritins
Authors: Yoshiro Niitsu, Chikara Adachi, Fumio Takahashi, Yoshiro Goto, Yutaka Kohgo, Ichiro Urushizaki, Irving Listowsky
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Serum ferritins from various sources sedimented at lower densities than tissue ferritins in sucrose gradient centrifugation systems. The sedimentation patterns of ferritins, however, were shown to be dependent on the concentration of the protein; as the concentration decreased the protein appeared to sediment at lower densities. Thus, at the low concentration levels usually used for analysis of serum ferritin, tissue ferritins also sedimented in the same lower density regions. Iron labeling experiments indicated that the sedimentation changes upon dilution were not due to release of iron or was there any indication that the protein dissociated into subunits. The anomalous sedimentation behavior of serum ferritin should therefore not be interpreted in terms of its iron content. The disclosure that serum ferritins may have full complements of iron is counter to the prevalent view that serum ferritins are low iron forms and has potential implications with regard to the sources and possible function of this protein in the circulation.
The Cardiovascular Risk Profile of Adolescents with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Karen J Cruickshanks, Trevor J Orchard, Dorothy J Becker
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

Cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure, lipoprotein concentrations, physical activity, and diet were assessed in 149 diabetic adolescents and 45 nondiabetic siblings. All diabetic subjects had had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for a minimum of 2 yr and were currently attending the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Diabetes Clinic. For both boys and girls, cardiovascular risk profiles were mildly disturbed among diabetic subjects compared with nondiabetic siblings. These disturbances included higher systolic (P = 0.002) and diastolic (P = 0.024) blood pressures and higher HDL3 cholesterol concentrations. The diabetic girls showed higher total cholesterol concentrations during adolescence in contrast to the usual fall seen in nondiabetic adolescents (and evidenced in the siblings studied). In addition, the diabetic girls' mean pulse rate was 12 bpm higher than that of the sibling girls, a finding not seen in the boys. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that neither glycemic control (worse in diabetic girls), diet, nor physical activity were important explanatory variables for any of the lipoprotein or blood pressure measures. These results suggest that the cardiovascular risk profile of diabetic girls may be relatively more disturbed than that of diabetic boys. This difference could not be explained by the slightly higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the girls. The loss of the sex differential in the risk for cardiovascular disease experienced by adults with IDDM may partly relate to these adolescent risk factor differences.
Spain faces massive decline in population
Authors: X. Bosch
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Spanish population will decrease by 9.4 million in the next 50 years, according to a report released last month by the United Nations' population division. This represents a 24% net loss in its current population.

The reason is the low birth rate of the country, which at 1.2 children per woman is one of the lowest in the world.

Joseph Chamie, director of the UN population division, said: “In 2050, Spain will be the country with the highest percentage of old people in the world.” Currently, the over 65 age group makes up 17% of the Spanish population. If current trends continue, this will rise to 37% by 2050, which represents a total increase of 117% of this age group …
Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A uniform classification of cancers is the optimum basis for selection of treatment, since it allows for comparison of end results. To this end, the Union Internationale Contre le Cancrum (International Union Against Cancer [UICC])<sup>1</sup>and the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and End Result Reporting<sup>2</sup>have agreed to use a tumor, lymph node, metastases (TNM) system to categorize the primary lesions and the extent of involvement; general rules for clinical staging have evolved. The essential points in assessing the primary tumor in the oral cavity are inspection and careful palpation; these general rules also apply to evaluation of the carevical nodes. All staging must be based on findings prior to definitive treatment; the staging cannot be changed later. The main reason cases are excluded from the staging should be recurrent or previously treated disease. Surgical and pathologic assessment are not mandatory; however, they are of value