tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tryptic Peptides obtained from Gelatins derived from Normal and Rheumatoid Arthritic Collagens: A Preliminary Study
Authors: F. S. Steven
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1964)

The purpose of the ptesent study is to determine whether any differences exist between the primary structure of collagen derived from normal tendon collagen and that of collagen isolated from synovial tissue taken from the knee joints of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.The collagen of tendon is very insoluble and can at present best be studied as the derived gelatin.Material Normal tendon was obtained as Achilles tendons from accident cases with no known history of rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatoid Achilles tendons were not avail- able, but collagenous synovial tissue from the knee joints of patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis, who had undergone arthrodesis, was kindly provided by Mr. R.
Prescription information leaflets: a pilot study in general practice.
Authors: C F George, W E Waters, J A Nicholas
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Leaflets containing information about medicines were issued to 56 patients prescribed penicillins and 43 patients prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The patients were interviewed between four and 10 days later and their responses compared with those of 65 patients prescribed penicillin and 33 prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs who did not receive a leaflet. Patients who received a leaflet were more likely to be completely satisfied with their treatment and with the information they had been given. They were also more likely to know the name of their medicine and much more aware of potential unwanted effects. Although there was no evidence that knowledge increased the incidence of adverse effects, when these did occur they were more likely to be recognised as being due to the medicine. Further studies of other leaflets are warranted, including leaflets for drugs that are taken long term.
Incidence of aneurysm formation after dacron patch aortoplasty repair for coarctation of the aorta: Long-term results and assessment utilizing magnetic resonance angiography with three-dimensional surface rendering
Authors: Willie James Parks, Thang D. Ngo, William H. Plauth, Estelle R. Bank, Scott K. Sheppard, Roderic I. Pettigrew, Willis H. Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Abstract 5202: Bone marrow-derived epithelial cells contribute to chronic skin inflammation and skin tumor formation in the mouse
Authors: Heuijoon Park, Nyssa Readio, Guang Jin, Samuel Asfaha, Anupama Singh, Ashok Singh, Xiangdong Yang, Kelly S. Patterson, Carol Trempus, Timothy C. Wang, Rebecca J. Morris
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Although a stem cell origin for tumors was postulated nearly 200 years ago, a critical role of keratin-15 expressing hair follicle stem cells in skin tumorigenesis has only recently been established. In addition to tissue stem cells, bone marrow cells can play a reparative function in damaged organs and contribute to cancer development as recently demonstrated in a gastric cancer model of Helicobacter felis-induced chronic inflammation. We report here that bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) are an exogenous source of epithelial cells in tumor development in the multistage skin carcinogenesis model following gender mismatched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. First, clusters of BMDCs were detected in the epithelium of 37.78% papilloma samples with a genetic marker (EGFP) indicating their bone marrow donor origin. Second, clusters of keratin immunoreactive BMDCs were located primarily in the basal epithelium of the papillomas. Third, a subset of BMDCs in the basal epithelium was found to be highly proliferative as measured by incorporation of BrdU and expression of Ki67. Furthermore, a significant contribution of BMDCs was identified in 53.06% of ulcer-associated dysplastic skin samples by immunostaining and confirmed by presence of a Y chromosome. Moreover, an enhanced contribution of bone marrow-derived epithelial cells was observed in the dysplastic epidermis. Therefore, these results demonstrate that a subset of BMDCs participates as a new epithelial cell source in chronically damaged skin lesions including papillomas and ulcers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5202. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5202
THE IMPACT OF THE RESIDUAL SYNTAX SCORE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH AND WITHOUT REDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Tsutomu Kawai, Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Takumi Kondo, Kentaro Ozu, Hironori Yamamoto, Kaoruko Sengoku, Satoshi Takahashi, Masashi Ishimi, Hideyuki Hakui, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
18F-Fluoride PET/CT in Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Shankaramurthy Gayana, Anish Bhattacharya, Raghava Kashyap, Ramesh Kumar Sen, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a devastating disease in young adults. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered the most sensitive and specific technique in the diagnosis of this condition. The authors present an interesting image of bilateral AVN of the femoral heads diagnosed on 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography.
THE IMMUNOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF COLOSTRUM
Authors: Theobald Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

The protective antibody content of normal cow serum is below that of colostrum of the same animal. The method used does not permit the titration of the actual amount of the antibody in serum. Quantities up to 2 cc. have no protective effect. The same limitations apply to the titration of milk owing to the introduction of large quantitites of foreign protein into the peritoneal cavity of the guinea pig. When cows were immunized and a serum of high titer obtained, the antibodies in the milk of such cows rose to within the range of the method of testing. The relation of the protective capacity of serum to that of milk was approximately 1/120 and 1/40 in the two animals. These figures do not differ much from those obtained by early investigators titrating the antitoxic content of serum and milk of animals undergoing immunization with diphtheria toxin. In the two experiments on calves, 2(1/4) and 18 days old respectively, fed a highly protective serum, no increase in agglutinins or protective antibodies could be demonstrated. The postponement of colostrum to the 12th and 18th hour, respectively did not prevent normal growth.
Health secretary vows to improve care of elderly but offers no timetable for funding reforms
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The new health secretary for England, Jeremy Hunt, has said that his aspiration for the NHS is improving the care of elderly people.

In his first major speech as health secretary since the cabinet reshuffle in September,1 Hunt told the Conservative Party conference in Birmingham on 9 October, “This year for the first time there are more pensioners than children. So, looking to the future, our biggest priority must be to transform what we offer to meet the challenge of an ageing population. Fail to address this, and our healthcare system will not be sustainable for them—or indeed for any of us.” 

Hunt vowed to press ahead with the reorganisation of the NHS introduced by his predecessor, Andrew Lansley, saying that the changes “are brave, they are right, and they will make our NHS stronger.” 

He added, “If Andrew is the health secretary who helped give us the structures for a modern NHS, I …
Outcomes of Donor Oocyte Cycles in Assisted Reproduction
Authors: Evan R. Myers
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Expression of Endothelin-1, Endothelin-3, Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-1, and Endothelin-A and Endothelin-B Receptor mRNA After Angioplasty-Induced Neointimal Formation in the Rat
Authors: Xinkang Wang, Stephen A. Douglas, Calvert Louden, Lynne M. Vickery-Clark, Giora Z. Feuerstein, Eliot H. Ohlstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Abstract Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoconstrictors known to play a role in tissue remodeling after vascular wall injury. The molecular mechanisms for the expression and functions of ETs and their receptors after carotid artery angioplasty are not fully understood. Using quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction, the present study demonstrates the temporal mRNA expression of ET-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), preproET-1, preproET-3, and both ET A and ET B receptors after rat carotid artery balloon angioplasty. A significant increase in ECE-1 mRNA was observed at 6 hours (1.8-fold increase over control, P &lt;.01) and 24 hours (1.7-fold increase, P &lt;.01) in carotid arteries after angioplasty. In contrast, a significant increase in preproET-1 mRNA levels was not observed until 3 days (1.9-fold increase, P &lt;.05) and 7 days (2.1-fold increase, P &lt;.05). A similarly delayed increase in preproET-3 mRNA was observed at 7 days (2.8-fold increase, P &lt;.05) and 14 days (2.6-fold increase, P &lt;.05) after angioplasty. A parallel but marked increase in ET A and ET B receptor mRNAs compared with preproET-1 and -3 messages was observed after angioplasty. The levels of ET A receptor mRNA were elevated 29.3-fold ( P &lt;.001) and 24.3-fold ( P &lt;.01) at 3 and 7 days, respectively, after angioplasty. The increase in ET B receptor mRNA occurred slightly earlier than the increase in ET A receptor mRNA, showing 15.1-fold increase at 1 day ( P &lt;.001) and 11.3-fold increase at 3 days ( P &lt;.01) after angioplasty. Immunohistochemical studies using anti-ET antibodies demonstrated a corresponding increase in ET immunoactivity, which was distributed mainly in the neointimal cells 14 days after angioplasty. The increases in ECE-1, ET-1, and ET-3 and their receptor expression after balloon angioplasty suggest that these proteins play an active role in the pathogenesis of neointimal formation.
A status report on chronic fatigue syndrome.
Authors: Benjamin H Natelson, Gudrun Lange
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Medical history has shown that clinical disease entities or syndromes are composed of many subgroups--each with its own cause and pathogenesis. Although we cannot be sure, we expect the same outcome for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a medically unexplained condition characterized by disabling fatigue accompanied by infectious, rheumatological, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Although the ailment clearly can occur after severe infection, no convincing data exist to support an infectious (or immunologic) process in disease maintenance. Instead, data point to several possible pathophysiological processes: a covert encephalopathy, impaired physiological capability to respond to physical and mental stressors, and psychological factors related to concerns about effort exacerbating symptoms. Each of these is under intense investigation. In addition, some data do exist to indicate that environmental agents also can elicit a state of chronic fatigue. We expect data to accumulate to support the belief that CFS has multiple causes.
Laryngeal papillomas yield to 'fine tool' laser
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Destruction of laryngeal papillomas with the CO<sub>2</sub>laser has yielded dramatically improved remission rates in a group of patients previously treated by the more traditional cup forceps removal technique. According to a report presented at the annual meeting of the American Laryngological Association in Palm Beach, Fla, 45 (41%) of 109 patients in a University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) laser therapy program were free of disease at follow-up examinations conducted two months to five years after treatment. Their average remission period has now exceeded eight months. Of 12 who arrived with tracheotomy tubes in place, six have had the tubes removed in the course of laser therapy. All of the 109 had previously undergone multiple cup forceps removals of their papillomas. In fact, before entering the laser program they had undergone a total of 1,050 such removals, an average of ten each, without eradication of their disease. Two
Determination of oxygen radical production in spondyloarthropathies by whole blood chemiluminescence.
Authors: M Ristola, M Leirisalo-Repo, H Repo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

Oxygen derived free radicals are considered to play an important part in the development of inflammation. A whole blood chemiluminescence assay was used to study N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine induced oxygen radical production in subjects with ankylosing spondylitis or previous yersinia arthritis. In luminol enhanced chemiluminescence, the subjects with previous yersinia arthritis showed significantly increased initial activation (at one minute), whereas the subjects with ankylosing spondylitis showed decreased responses at both the initial activation and at peak activation (at two to three minutes). This finding gives credence to the view that, in terms of oxygen radical production, the pathogenesis of yersinia arthritis is different from that of ankylosing spondylitis.
Geographic Differences in the Prevalence and Distribution of Large-bowel Polyps - Colonoscopic Findings
Authors: J. Cronstedt, L. Carling, R. Willén, J. Ericsson, L. E. Svedberg
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

The large-bowel polyp pattern in two widely separated geographic regions of Sweden, Bollnäs in the central part and Trelleborg in the south, was studied prospectively by colonoscopic polypectomy. In Bollnäs 11.8 % of 1,153 patients had neoplastic, and 3.8 % hyperplastic, polyps. In Trelleborg 29 % of 1,040 patients had neoplastic, and 17.3 % hyperplastic, polyps. Furthermore, the Trelleborg patients had, on average, more polyps per patient than their Bollnäs counterparts: 2.0 versus 1.5 neoplastic, and 2.1 versus 1.7 hyperplastic, polyps. There was a marked difference in the anatomic location of the polyps between the two regions: in Trelleborg 55.4 % of the neoplastic, and 40.5 % of the hyperplastic polyps were distributed above the rectosigmoid, compared with 20.9 % and 26.4 %, respectively, in Bollnäs.
Anticoagulation for three versus six months in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both: randomised trial
Authors: I A Campbell, D P Bentley, R J Prescott, P A Routledge, H G M Shetty, I J Williamson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the optimum duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after an episode of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both. <b>Design</b> Multicentre, prospective, randomised study with follow-up for one year. <b>Setting</b> 46 hospitals in United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> Patients aged ≥18 with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both. <b>Interventions</b> Three (n=369) or six months (n=380) of anticoagulation with heparin for five days accompanied and followed by warfarin, with a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.5. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Death from deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism; failure to resolve, extension, recurrence of during treatment; recurrence after treatment; and major haemorrhage during treatment. <b>Results</b> In the patients allocated to three months9 treatment two died from deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism during or after treatment, compared with three in the six month group. During treatment deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism failed to resolve, extended, or recurred in six patients in the three month group without fatal consequences, compared with 10 in the six month group. After treatment there were 23 non-fatal recurrences in the three month group and 16 in the six month group. Fatal and non-fatal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism during treatment, and after treatment thus occurred in 31(8%) of those who had received three months9 anticoagulation compared with 29 (8%) of those who had received six months9 (P=0.80, 95% confidence interval for difference −3.1% to 4.7%). There were no fatal haemorrhages during treatment but there were eight major haemorrhages in those treated for six months and none in those treated for three months (P=0.008, −3.5% to −0.7%). Thus 31 (8%) of the patients receiving three months9 anticoagulation experienced adverse outcomes as a result of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism or its treatment compared with 35 (9%) of those receiving six months9 (P=0.79, −4.9% to 3.2%). <b>Conclusion</b> For patients in the UK with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism and no known risk factors for recurrence, there seems to be little, if any, advantage in increasing the duration of anticoagulation from three to six months. Any possible advantage would be small and would need to be judged against the increased risk of haemorrhage associated with the longer duration of treatment with warfarin. <b>Trial registration</b> Clinical Trials NCT00365950.
STUDIES ON THE ENZYMES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: O. T. Avery, Glenn E. Cullen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

1. A method is described for the preparation of an active enzyme-containing solution of pneumococci, in which no living cells are present. These enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing sucrose, starch, and inulin. 2. The invertase and amylase of pneumococcus are active within the limits pH 5 to 8, with an optimum reaction of about pH 7. This reaction range corresponds closely with limiting hydrogen ion concentrations which define growth of the organism in the presence of carbohydrate. 3. These studies indicate that the enzymes described are not true secretory products of the living cell, but are of the nature of endoenzymes, since their activity can be demonstrated only when cell disintegration has occurred.
PTU-036 Environmental Enteropathy: Imaging The Cellular Basis Of Disrupted Barrier Function
Authors: P Kelly, T Banda, R Soko, R Banda, J Louis-Auguste
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Environmental enteropathy (EE), originally termed tropical enteropathy, is very common in overcrowded living conditions in developing countries. It predisposes to growth failure in the young, and probably to poor performance of oral vaccines. By permitting microbial translocation it probably contributes to insidious systemic immune activation. In order to understand the impairment of barrier function in EE, we performed confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) in 62 healthy volunteers from a poor community in Lusaka, Zambia. <h3>Methods</h3> These asymptomatic volunteers were drawn from a community in Misisi with which we have been conducting studies for 15 years. On day 1 a 3 h lactulose: mannitol permeability and zinc absorption test was performed. On day 2 CLE of the duodenal mucosa was performed with diazepam/pethidine sedation and 5–10 ml 2% intravenous fluorescein, and images collected for 10 min exactly (mean number of images analysed 135, SD57). Biopsies were subsequently taken to analyse villous morphology and tight junction protein expression (data not yet available). <h3>Results</h3> In the first 22 volunteers (12 female, 10 male) studied, a wide range of villous architectural patterns was observed from leaf-like to convolutions. Similarly, a wide range of barrier abnormalities was observed, with some volunteers showing severe fluorescein leakage within one minute of fluorescein injection. Epithelial breaks, particularly multicellular breaks termed microerosions, were strongly correlated with the rate of fluorescein efflux (Spearman’s rho 0.92; P &lt; 0.0001). The number of plumes was almost as strongly correlated (rho = 0.69; P = 0.0004). All volunteers showed some abnormality, with Watson grade = 3 in all cases, corroborating our previous reports that EE is ubiquitous in this population. We also observed that fluorescein leakage and epithelial barrier defects were not correlated with villous architectural change (rho = 0.01; P = 0.96), suggesting that villous remodelling and barrier defects are differentially determined. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CLE permits imaging of small intestinal epithelial barrier defects and suggests that cellular breaches are major routes of intestinal permeability but independent of villous architecture. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
German doctors march in protest at health cuts
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2006)

More than 20 000 doctors in Germany shut their practices last week and marched through Berlin to demand changes in the healthcare system, better pay, and less bureaucracy. And they said that strikes and protests would continue until politicians took action.

Only weeks ago hospital services were reduced to emergency services alone as thousands of young doctors went on strike with similar demands. Last week's demonstration was part of a protest by the 100 000 GPs and specialists who run their own practices.

“The German health system needs an increase in budget of about €7bn [£4.8bn;$8.6bn] just for outpatient and GP care,” said the president of the German Medical Association …
William Alanson White: The Washington Years, 1903-1937
Authors: LAWRENCE C. KOLB
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in recognition of his outstanding contributions to genetics, a science born during his lifetime.It was he who introduced the well-known Drosophila into genetic research and, together with his group, he led the way to what we now recognize as a revolution in biological understanding, implicating medical science and biochemistry as well as biology.Morgan's work on embryology and regeneration is also significant, and he was able to plan a new interdisciplinary type of department of biological science at the California Institute of Technology, which has produced a number of distinguished scientists, including the Nobel prizeman, George W. Beadle, who has written a brief 'Foreword' to this book.Dr. Shine is a medical geneticist and gives us not only a detailed survey of Morgan and his work, but in so doing provides a history of genetics.His book is claimed to be the definitive biography and it certainly will remain for some time the main authoritative source.It is a pity, however, that documentation