tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 902: Associations between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms and survival in patients with colorectal cancer treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy: A thirteen years follow-up study
Authors: Chih-Ching Yeh, Shih-Ni Chang, Fung-Chang Sung, Ling-Ling Hsieh, Reiping Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract PURPOSE The study examined the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and overall survival (OS) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We genotyped MTHFR polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) for 530 CRC patients treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy after receiving surgery between 1995 and 1999. Survival analyses on MTHFR polymorphisms were performed using log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curve. The association between MTHFR genotypes and survival was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and haplotype analysis. RESULTS After 13 years follow-up, the median survival year was 4.77 (95% CI, 4.0 to 6.1). The OS was significantly longer in CRC patients with MTHFR 677 CT+TT genotypes compared with those with 677 CC genotype (HR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.98). Although no association was found between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and OS in CRC, this polymorphism showed significant differences in OS in rectal cancer. Among rectal cancer patients, OS was shorter for patients with the AC+CC genotypes than those with the AA genotype (HR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.80). In haplotype analysis, better survival was related to colon patients carrying the MTHFR 677T-1298A haplotype, but worse survival was linked to rectal cancer carrying the MTHFR 677C-1298C haplotype. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our study is the largest to investigate the relationship between MTHFR polymorphisms and OR in CRC patients in a Chinese population. Our findings suggest that MTHFR genotypes provide prognostic information in CRC patients treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 902.
Anaemia Associated with Unexplained Occult Blood Loss
Authors: R. M. Bannerman, B. R. Beveridge, L. J. Witts
Journal: BMJ (1964)

In the course of a study of patients with hypochromic anaemia investigated by this unit (Beveridge, Bannerman, Evanson, and Witts, in preparation) a surprisingly large number were found to have unexplained occult alimentary bleeding. Iron-deficiency anaemia associated with unexplained occult blood loss is a recognized clinical problem and has been referred to in several papers (Heath and Patek, 1937 ; Bedford and Wollner, 1958 ; Bel, 1959 ; Retzlaff, Hagedorn, and Bartholomew, 1961 ; Kay, 1962). However, there is little or no information about the long term prognosis. We therefore report the results of a follow-up study on 68 patients in whom this diagnosis was made.
Beyond ACOs and Bundled Payments
Authors: Christopher Chen, D. Clay Ackerly
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Gingivitis with Ascorbic Acid
Authors: H. G. Campbell, R. P. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1941)

I F. 6 Very Very 40 mg.fromii Very satisfactory Recovered poor severe 7th day 2 M. 11 .. Severe 110m11g.from Palatal and plharynl-9thl day geal paralysis.Right Bell's palsy and paralysis of legs 3 M. 8 Fair Very 80 mig.fromii Very satisfactory severe 23rd day 4 M. 6 Very Severe 60 ing.from Fairly satisfactory poor 30th day 5 F. 6 Poor .. 36 nig.from Very satisfactory 15th day 6 M. 6 Fatirly .. 56 mg.fronm Palatal paralysis oni good 5th day 10th day.Pharyn-.geal p'aralysis in 5th week 7 MN. 4 Goodi . 65mg.from Palatal paralysis 15th Died in 26th day day.Gallop rhythnm i r o n of heart.Pharyn-ILung geal paralysis.Diaphragmatic pa ra- lysis 8 M. 2 Poor .. 34 111g.from Very satisfactory Recovered 12th day 9 M. 9 Fairly ., 55 mg.from Palatal paralysis on good 48th day 43rd day.Late heart failure 48th day 10 M. 9
NOVEL RADIOSYNTHESIS OF HIGH AFFINITY AND SELECTIVITY LIGAND FOR DIAZEPAM-INSENSITTVE BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTORS
Authors: K. S. Lee, L. Zhang, W. Ma, X. S. He, D. Matecka, B. R. deCosta, P. Skolnick, Z. Q. Gu, K. C. Rice, D. R. Weinberger
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Lee, K. S.; Zhang, L.; Ma, W.; He, X. S.; Matecka, D.; deCosta, B. R.; Skolnick, P.; Gu, Z. Q.; Rice, K. C.; Weinberger, D. R. Author Information
Decline in mortality from coronary heart disease in Poland after socioeconomic transformation: modelling study
Authors: P. Bandosz, M. O'Flaherty, W. Drygas, M. Rutkowski, J. Koziarek, B. Wyrzykowski, K. Bennett, T. Zdrojewski, S. Capewell
Journal: BMJ (2012)

To examine how much of the observed rapid decrease in mortality from coronary heart disease in Poland after the political, social, and economic transformation in the early 1990s could be explained by the use of medical and surgical treatments and how much by changes in cardiovascular risk factors.A modelling study.Sources of data included controlled trials and meta-analyses, national surveys, and official statistics.Population of adults aged 25-74 in Poland in 1991-2005.Number of deaths prevented or postponed in 2005 attributable to specific treatments for coronary heart disease and changes in risk factors. A previously validated epidemiological model for coronary heart disease was used to combine and analyse data on the uptake and effectiveness of specific cardiac treatments and changes in risk factors. The observed fall in deaths from coronary heart disease from 1991 to 2005 was then partitioned among specific treatments and risk factor changes.From 1991 to 2005, the death rate from coronary heart disease in Poland halved, resulting in 26,200 fewer coronary deaths in 2005 in people aged 25-74. About 37% (minimum estimate 13%, maximum estimate 77%) of this decrease was attributable to treatments, including treatments for heart failure (12%), initial treatments for acute coronary syndrome (9%), secondary prevention treatments after myocardial infarction or revascularisation (7%), chronic angina treatments (3%), and other treatments (6%). About 54% of the fall was attributed to changes in risk factors (minimum estimate 41%, maximum estimate 65%), mainly reductions in total cholesterol concentration (39%) and an increase in leisuretime physical activity (10%); however, these were partially offset by increases in body mass index (-4%) and prevalence of diabetes (-2%). Blood pressure fell in women, explaining about 29% of their decrease in mortality, but rose in men generating a negative influence (-8%). About 15% of the observed decrease in mortality was attributable to reduced smoking in men but was negligible in women.Over half of the recent fall in mortality from coronary heart disease in Poland can be attributed to reductions in major risk factors and about one third to evidence based medical treatments.
A METHOD FOR MEASURING CHANGES IN PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW FOLLOWING INTERVENTION
Authors: A Waxman, Z Mohsenifar, P Goldbach, D Brown, H Brown, H Goldberg, D Berman, S Koerner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Waxman, A; Mohsenifar, Z; Goldbach, P; Brown, D; Brown, H; Goldberg, H; Berman, D; Koerner, S Author Information
A soluble neuronal factor alters contractile function of ventricular myocytes without effect on troponin T isoform expression
Authors: S Green
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to establish a model system to facilitate identification of the sympathetic neuronal factor(s) that promotes improved contractility in neonatal cardiac myocytes. Conditioned medium from PC12 cells with sympathetic phenotype served as the source of the neuronal factor. Methods: Contraction frequency, amplitude and velocity of cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were measured by online video analysis. Interventions included in vitro sympathetic innervation, exposure to PC12 conditioned medium, neurotransmitters and antagonists. Metabolic activity was assayed by 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Troponin T isoform expression was analyzed by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: Medium conditioned by neuronal PC12 cells induced contractility changes similar to those induced by in vitro sympathetic innervation. These effects of PC12 conditioned medium and innervation were not suppressed by adrenergic or muscarinic antagonists nor reproduced by neuropeptide Y or somatostatin. Neuronal PC12 conditioned medium but not chromaffin PC12 conditioned medium, increased metabolic activity of the myocytes as detected by [3H]-2-deoxyglucose, indicating that the effect was specific to the neuronal PC12 cells. The in vitro switch of troponin T isoform expression was not altered by exposure to PC12 conditioned medium. Conclusions: Increased contractile function induced by sympathetic innervation is reproduced by PC12 conditioned medium, but neither is mediated by sympathetic or muscarinic neurotransmitters. Troponin T isoform expression is not related to the contractility changes. This model system will allow identification of the factor(s).
Local research ethics committees: Fail community research
Authors: C Bonell, M Watling, J K Dewhurst
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - An increasing amount of research is being conducted in primary care and the community. The evaluation of this research by local research ethics committees is widely seen as problematic. Ethics committees, which are often already overloaded, generally see little community research; much community research does not receive ethical evaluation. When work does reach the ethics committees it is often rejected as unscientific: this is particularly the case with regard to proposals for research submitted by professionals other than doctors.1 The Department of Health recommends that ethics committees should consider the quality of the methods used. …
Pituitary self-priming actions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Kinetics of estradiol's potentiating effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-facilitated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release in healthy postmenopausal women.
Authors: J D Veldhuis, W S Evans, A D Rogol, L Kolp, M O Thorner, P Stumpf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We examined the kinetically distinct characteristics of estradiol's effects upon pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release in response to pulses of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in healthy postmenopausal individuals. The putative self-priming actions of GnRH on LH and FSH release were tested by intravenous injections of equal paired doses of GnRH (10 micrograms) before and after 1, 5, 10, and 30 d of pure estradiol-17 beta delivery via an intravaginal silastic ring. Self-priming actions of GnRH, as defined by heightened gonadotropin release in response to the second pulse of GnRH compared with the first, were completely absent in the hypoestrogenemic state. However, estradiol administration unmasked GnRH self-priming in a time-dependent fashion, with maximal expression after 5 and 10 d of steroid replacement, followed by attenuation by 30 d. Since estradiol's modulation of GnRH action was expressed differentially on LH and FSH release, we suggest that such facilitation of GnRH-stimulated pituitary LH and FSH release may provide an additional mechanism for dissociated secretion of gonadotropic hormones in health or disease.
Clinical Policies and the Quality of Clinical Practice
Authors: David M. Eddy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

THE quality and cost of medical care depend heavily on the decisions made by physicians. In turn, one of the most important factors influencing physicians is the collection of clinical policies that guide their actions.How does a physician select a diagnostic or therapeutic plan for a patient? Perhaps the most obvious approach is to weigh consciously the consequences of different choices. A physician might identify the possible courses of action, estimate the outcomes that might occur with each action, weigh the value of each outcome by the probability that it would occur, and select the action that had the . . .
Electronic circular dichroism behavior of chiral Phthiobuzone
Authors: Li Li, Lin Wang, Yikang Si
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2014)

Phthiobuzone is a bis(thiosemicarbazone) derivative with a single chiral center which has been used as a racemate in the clinical treatment of herpes and trachoma diseases. In this study, its two enantiomers were prepared from chiral amino acids and their absolute configurations were investigated by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) combined with modern quantum-chemical calculations using time-dependent density functional theory. It was found that solvation changed both the conformational distribution and the ECD spectrum of each conformer. The theoretical ECD spectra of the two enantiomers were in good agreement with the experimentally determined spectra of the corresponding isomers in dimethyl sulfoxide. The ECD behavior of the bis(thiosemicarbazone) chromophore in a chiral environment is also discussed. Our results indicate that ECD spectroscopy may be a useful tool for the stereochemical evaluation of chiral drugs.
Abstract P6-09-03: Fatigue after breast cancer may be related to conditions other than the cancer. The impact of comorbidity is essential.
Authors: RJ Reidunsdatter, M Hjermstad, L Oldervoll, S Lundgren
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Fatigue after treatment for breast cancer is common, but is also prevalent in people with chronic diseases such as heart failure, diabetes, and depression etc. The primary objective was to compare the level of fatigue between BC patients one year after end of treatment with data from a representative survey of the Norwegian population (GenPop). Secondary aim was to explore the association between chronic conditions and fatigue and in both samples. Design and Method: 245 patients treated with chemo –and/or radiotherapy after surgery, were assessed one year after treatment. Comorbidity was recorded by clinical examinations in patients and by self-report in the GenPop (N = 652). Fatigue was measured by the 3-item subscale of the EORTC QLQ-C30, with higher scores on the 0–100 scale implying more fatigue. Analysis of covariance was applied to compare age-adjusted mean scores between groups. Results: Mean age was 58 (9) years in patients and 52 (14) years in GenPop. 23% of patients and 32% of GenPop had one or more of the following conditions; cardiovascular- or pulmonary disease, diabetes or depression. No significant differences were found in fatigue between BC patients and GenPop (mean score 26.7 vs. 29.7). Comorbidity was the greatest determinant of increased fatigue, regardless of BC treatment. Patients with comorbidity were significantly more fatigued than those without comorbidity (mean difference 10.4), as found in the GenPop (mean difference 13.3). Conclusion: Similar fatigue levels in BC patients and GenPop one year after treatment is promising, but longer follow-up is needed. Comorbidity conditions should always be assessed when evaluating fatigue and other patient related outcomes. Prevention or treatment of common chronic conditions might be considered in rehabilitation programs to reduce fatigue in cancer survivors. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-09-03.
New flexible endoscopic full-thickness suturing device: a triple-arm-bar suturing system
Authors: H. Mori, H. Kobara, K. Rafiq, N. Nishiyama, S. Fujihara, M. Kobayashi, M. Oryu, M. Fujiwara, Y. Suzuki, T. Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A reliable full-thickness suturing device is necessary for pure natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). The present study focused on assessing the reliability of a new suturing device.A total of 60 single sutures were tested to close 5-cm incisions in 8-cm square pieces of resected swine stomach. Each incision was sutured by an over-the-scope clip (OTSC; n = 20), a single hand-sewn stitch (n = 20), or a single triple-arm-bar suturing system (TBSS) stitch. The maximum pulling force durability (MPD) of each suture was tested. To assess the reliability of the TBSS for endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), 60 EFTRs of 50 mm diameter were performed on excised swine stomachs. After EFTR, full-thickness sutures were made using 3-stitch OTSCs (n = 20), 10-stitch hand-sewn sutures (n = 20), or 10-stitch TBSS sutures (n = 20). Outcomes were the MPD test for both single stitch and multiple stitch applications and the suturing time for single-stitch sutures.In the single-stitch MPD tests, there were significant differences between OTSCs and hand-sewn sutures (P = 0.0002) and between OTSCs and TBSS sutures (P = 0.0001), but no significant difference between hand-sewn and TBSS sutures. The multiple-stitch sutures revealed significant differences between OTSCs and hand-sewn sutures (P = 0.0039), and between OTSCs and TBSS sutures (P = 0.013). There was no significant difference between hand-sewn and TBSS sutures. There were significant differences in suture times between OTSC, hand-sewn sutures, and TBSS sutures (P < 0.05).Both single-stitch and multiple-stitch sutures using TBSS have similar strength to hand-sewn sutures. TBSS is a reliable suturing device.
Portacaval shunt and the reacquisition of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity
Authors: J. P. Colombo
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Portacaval shunt (PCS) operations were performed on male inbred SD rats. The activity of liver γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) increased a few days after the operation and remained high after several months. However, the activity was only present in periportal areas of liver lobules and was mainly restricted to the endothelial lining cells of periportal blood vessels. Phenobarbital sodium (CAS: 57-03-7) administration did not change the distribution of GGT. The activity of liver glucose-6-phosphatase disappeared in the centrilobular area a few days after the operation but was present in the periportal areas. The distribution of this activity returned to normal after several months. The capacity of liver cells to store glycogen was significantly decreased following the PCS operation. Morphologic changes in hepatocytes observed after the PCS operation did not show similarities to those seen in preneoplastic livers. The nuclei of the small compact hepatocytes found in the animals with PCS were irregular in shape and stained intensively with hematoxylin and eosin. The large pale-staining cells in the periphery of liver lobes were GGT negative and their nuclei had a normal morphology. Neither morphologic nor histochemical changes consistent with preneoplastic and/or neoplastic stage were observed after 10 months in the liver when the PCS operation was performed on rats having received an ip dose (10 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine (CAS: 55-18-5) 2 weeks prior to the operation.
Agnes Jane Adams Maybin
Authors: B. Stout
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Agnes Jane Adams Maybin (“Nessie”) was born on 2 April 1916 near Broughshane, Ballymena, County Antrim. She graduated from Queen’s University, Belfast, in 1938, one of only five women and one of the youngest in her year. Her original intention to specialise in paediatrics was cut short when she was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and she spent …
Communication as the key to guide workforce development in the health sector in public stakeholder partnerships: a case study in Liberia
Authors: Mosoka Fallah, Tolbert Nyenswah, Walter Wiles, Saye Baawo, Munah Tarpeh, Sarah Kollie, Kathleen Sobiech, Michael Reece
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2014)

BackgroundTo improve the academic capacity of disciplines that contribute directly to the training of the health-care workforce in Liberia, the University of Liberia, in partnership with American counterparts at Indiana University and University of Massachusetts, launched the Center for Excellence in Health and Life Sciences, funded by USAID and Higher Education for Development.MethodsWith a participatory approach, academics, government representatives, and community constituents developed a Certificate in Public Health (CPH). Targeting midlevel governmental health workers, the programme model combined traditional coursework with intensive community-based practice experiences, allowing students and faculty to move outside traditional academic and technical disciplinary boundaries. With a participatory approach to define measurable outcomes that were relevant to health-care planning for the country, the programme continually aligned its content with stakeholder expectations.FindingsThe first cohort of ten students completed the core course curriculum plus 90 h of internship activity at five government facilities around Monrovia. Findings are the facilitating and challenging factors associated with the programme's development, implementation, and evaluation. Challenges include increased home-based delivery by semitrained traditional midwives and increase in malaria, diarrhoea, and acute respiratory infection in children younger than 5 years.InterpretationThe Ministry of Health and Social Welfare has already provided a framework to guide the rehabilitation of the health sector in a plan called Rebuilding Basic Health Services. To align public institution outcomes to workforce needs, communication, collaboration, and synergy between stakeholders is key. Tracking the improvement of data being reported and the health outcomes of communities served by the CPH graduates will be important. Further analysis needs to be done to ensure training fills health worker gaps.FundingUSAID.
Effect of Athyroid State on Vascular Reactivity and Arterial Pressure in Neurogenic and Renal Hypertensive Dogs
Authors: JAMES W. MCCUBBIN, IRVINE H. PAGE
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Since vascular responsiveness to adrenaline, noradrenaline, renin and angiotonin is reduced by suppression of thyroidal function in normotensive dogs, it was a possibility that in neurogenic and renal hypertensive animals suppression of thyroidal function might be associated with decrease in arterial pressure. This possibility was not confirmed, hypertension persisting unaltered in both groups of hypertensive animals over long periods of observation. Changes in vascular reactivity were slight in comparison with those associated with the athyroid state in normotensive dogs.