tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Right-Sided Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis in Intravenous Drug Abusers: Two-Week Combination Therapy
Authors: Henry F. Chambers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Study Objective: To determine the efficacy of short-course combination regimens for selected cases of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers. Design: Open study of nafcillin and tobramycin or vancomycin and tobramycin administered for 2 weeks with no further therapy. Setting: County hospital. Patients: Consecutive sample of 53 intravenous drug abusers with relatively uncomplicated right-sided S. aureus endocarditis, defined by clinical and echocardiographic criteria, and without renal insufficiency, extrapulmonary metastatic infectious complications requiring prolonged therapy or surgery for cure, meningitis, methicillin-resistant organism, aortic or mitral valve involvement, or pregnancy. Interventions: Nafcillin, 1.5 g intravenously every 4 hours, plus tobramycin, 1 mg/kg body weight intravenously every 8 hours, administered for 2 weeks. Vancomycin, 30 mg/kg per day intravenously, in two or three divided doses, was used instead of nafcillin for patients allergic to penicillin. Measurements and Main Results: Forty-seven of 50 patients (94%; 95% CI, 87 to 99+) treated with the nafcillin and tobramycin combination were cured. Only 1 of 3 patients treated with vancomycin plus tobramycin (33%, 95% CI, 2 to 86) was cured. Conclusions: Selected patients with S. aureus endocarditis can be treated safely and effectively with a 2-week course of nafcillin plus tobramycin. Only one of three patients treated with vancomycin plus tobramycin was cured, but three patients are too few to define with confidence the efficacy of this regimen.
Dietary Fat and Blood Pressure
Authors: PEGGY A. SMITH-BARBARO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Until recently most experimental research linking diet to hypertension was related to dietary salt levels. However, recent evidence suggests that elevations in blood pressure, initially attributed to high salt intake, may be due to other factors in the diet, such as the level and type of fat consumed. Studies in animal models and humans suggest that blood pressure can be lowered during high salt feeding by supplementing the diet with polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acids. This review outlines key points that delineate the effect and possible interactions of dietary lipids on blood pressure regulation.
Points from letters: Heparin preparations
Authors: C H Smith
Journal: BMJ (1975)

NHS family planning services SIR,-In the BM7 (19 July, p 185) it is re- ported that "the profession's negotiators [our italics] and the DHSS have agreed a scheme for the provision of family planning services through the hospital service, for all FP work, whether of medical or social origin."We are astonished that there has been, as yet, minimal medical or public reaction to this retrograde proposal.It is the feeling of the undersigned staff of the obstetrical and gynaecological department in Aberdeen that this scheme is indisputably bad.The reasons for its introduction are far from obvious and the advantages in terms of patient care are difficult to define.Furthermore, it may turm out to have a dangerously disruptive effect among different grades of staff in many gynaecological and anaesthetic departments, including theatre staff and porters.It seems ludicrous for a health service short of money in a time of rapid inflation to put out extra money to its highest paid workers.This is all apart from the questionable morality of the scheme and the inevitable difficulties it will present in the counselling of patients who seek unbiased family planning advice.
Richard Hugh Trevor Davies
Authors: L. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A leader of the hospice movement in the United States and internationally Josefina Bautista Magno broke ground in getting the medical profession to understand the need for pain relief and palliative care for terminally ill patients.She envisioned an environment where dying patients could get comfort, care, and spiritual counselling.Magno developed some of the first hospices in the United States.More recently, she developed programmes to spread hospice care internationally.Born and raised in the Philippines, she completed her medical training at the University of Santo Tomas, the Philippines, in 1943.She trained as a haematologist and oncologist at Georgetown University in Washington DC.Magno was not a stranger to cancer, death, and dying, according to Bill Farr, vice chairman of the International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC).Her husband, a sister, and a son died from cancer.Magno also developed breast cancer, and underwent a radical mastectomy and chemotherapy.In a tribute to her on the IAHPC website (www.hospicecare.org),Farr writes that these experiences undoubtedly influenced her decision to promote hospice care.She went to study in the United Kingdom, where Cicely Saunders had pioneered the hospice movement, setting up the world's first hospice, St Christopher's in south east London, in 1967.Magno's earliest efforts to promote hospice care were in the United States.In 1976 she convinced the president of Georgetown University to set up a pilot hospice-training project, known as the Hospice of Northern Virginia.Many more hospice demonstration projects were established, several through the Medicare programme.Yet even as the hospice movement grew, Magno thought it lacked a scientific and research base."Jo started the first organised
Spironolactone and Metabolic Acidosis
Authors: DAVID W. NIERENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 August 1979Spironolactone and Metabolic AcidosisDAVID W. NIERENBERG, M.D.DAVID W. NIERENBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-321_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their excellent article in the March 1979 issue, Gabow, Moore, and Schrier (1) describe six cirrhotic patients with ascites who developed reversible hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis without significant anion gaps when treated with spironolactone. As the authors point out, patients with severe liver disease are likely to develop a low serum-bicarbonate concentration for several reasons, including renal acidification defects, respiratory alkalosis, and alcoholic diarrhea.We recently were asked to see a similar patient, a 67-year-old woman with alcoholic cirrhosis, ascites, and normal renal function, who developed a severe hyperchloremic acidosis (HCO3, 8 meq/L; pH, 7.20) with no...References1. GABOWMOORESCHRIER PSR. Spironolactone-induced hyperchloremic acidosis in cirrhosis. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:338-40. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FEINFELDCARVOUNIS DC. Fatal hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis: association with spironelactone in the absence of renal impairment. JAMA. 1978;240:1516. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA 94143 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCardiac Channelopathies and Sudden Death: Recent Clinical and Genetic AdvancesSerum electrolyte abnormalities caused by drugs 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 322-322KeywordsAcidosisAlcoholicsAnionsAscitesAttentionCirrhosisDiarrheaLiver diseasesOutpatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hysteria Mimicking Meningism
Authors: B. E. Finch, N. Tronchin-James
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Staphylococcus pyogenes Septicaemia treated with PenicillinThe report of Howells et al. (1945) on the successful use of penicillin in two cases of Staph.pyogenes septicaemia prompts me to hope that the follawing case might also be worthy of record. CASE REPORTA Polish officer aged 53 was admitted to the Royal Masonic Hospital on April 27, 1945, complaining of continuous epigastric pain during the past four weeks.He gave a history of trichiniasis at the age of 15 and rheumatic fever at 25.-In 1940, at a routine medical examination, evidence of organic heart disease was discovered, and he was down-graded to the lowest category.Apart from occasional palpitation and indefinite fleeting pains in various parts of his body, he remained in reasonably good health until one month before admission, when he gradually became aware of increasing upper abdominal pain, unaffected by food.Two weeks later the pain became much more severe, so that he was unable to sleep.He was treated for indigestion, but without result.For the three days preceding his admission to hospital he had observed oliguria.He had no cough, dyspnoea, or chest pain, and had lost no weight.
Short-term intravenous eptifibatide infusion combined with reduced dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator inhibits platelet recruitment at sites of coronary artery injury
Authors: Mark H. Rubenstein, Aloke V. Finn, Robert C. Leinbach, Stanley Hollenbach, H.Thomas Aretz, Renu Virmani, Herman K. Gold
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Availability of Cadaveric Kidneys for Transplantation
Authors: D. L. Crosby, R. R. West, H. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The availability of cadaveric donor kidneys for transplantation has been estimated from a retrospective survey of hospital deaths in Wales during 1969. Seventy-six “probable donors” and 167 “possible donors” were identified, indicating that the potential supply of donor kidneys is sufficient to meet the present demands of patients needing kidney transplantation.
Bone Scintigraphy of Calciphylaxis: A Syndrome of Vascular Calcification and Skin Necrosis
Authors: Brian Norris, Victor Vaysman, Bruce R. Line
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Calciphylaxis is a highly morbid syndrome of vascular calcification and skin necrosis, the pathophysiology of which remains largely elusive. We report a patient with end-stage renal disease and multiple painful skin lesions who underwent a bone scan for extremity pain. Increased tracer accumulation was seen in the subcutaneous tissues of the trunk and lower extremities. In this case, the bone scan aided in the diagnosis and treatment of calciphylaxis for a patient who experienced a relatively short hospital stay.
J. Humphreys and R. Holman "Focus on the Marathon"
Authors: R. J. Maughan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1983)

Marathon running is presently one of the fastest-growing participant sports in this country.Following in the wake of this expansion of interest has been a stream of publications dealing with all aspects of the subject.Many instant experts on sports medicine and physiology have appeared, and have in many cases been dispensing information which is at best misleading, and at worst dangerous.It was a relief therefore to turn to this book, written by Humphreys, a lecturer in physiology at Leeds Polytechnic, and Holman, one of the country's leading marathon coaches."Focus on the Marathon" concentrates on the physiological aspects of training for and participating in marathon races although it
Abstract 16766: Aortic Dissection and Rupture in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis: A Single Center Retrospective Review of 195 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Daniel T Kebed, John Bois, Heidi Connolly, Juan Bowen, Kenneth Warrington, Thomas Foley, J. Wells Askew, Joseph Maleszewski, Kevin Greason, Hartzell Schaff, Nandan Anavekar
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Aortic aneurysm is a known complication of giant cell arteritis (GCA). However, there is a paucity of data regarding the risk of dissection or rupture. Current guidelines for monitoring...
Graded myocardial ischemia is associated with a decrease in diastolic distensibility of the remote nonischemic myocardium in the anesthetized dog
Authors: Stephan Christoph Ulrich Marsch, Vishvarani Aabeysekera Wanigasekera, William Allen Ryder, Lawdy Siu Shan Wong, Pierre Foëx
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Migration of T Cells in Vivo: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Authors: Jürgen Westermann, Britta Engelhardt, Jörg C. Hoffmann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic and autoimmune inflammatory diseases. They are found in high numbers in involved tissues, such as the lamina propria of the gut in patients with Crohn disease. Modifying T-cell number and function may therefore be of therapeutic value. In principle, two mechanisms may be responsible for the development of such T-cell infiltrates: 1) an increased rate of T-cell immigration into involved tissues or 2) an increased proliferation rate, decreased T-cell death (apoptosis) rate, and prolonged retention of T cells already in the tissue. Based on the theory that T cells selectively target affected tissues through organ-specific adhesion-molecule pathways, current anti-adhesion-molecule therapy aims to interfere selectively with T-cell entry to stop tissue damage. However, the traffic of labeled T cells in unmanipulated animals shows that the entry of T-cell subsets into tissues is not organ-specific, even under conditions of differing adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor expression. In contrast, within various tissues, both movement and survival of T-cell subsets differ considerably. These observations suggest that the differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors on T cells serves at least two functions in vivo. First, during migration of T cells out of the bloodstream, the different adhesion-molecule pathways provide redundancy, which guarantees that T-cell subsets are able to enter the different tissues in sufficient numbers (security). Second, adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors mediate T-cell interactions within the tissue that are characteristic for each subset and each microenvironment and determine the nature of the ensuing immune response (selectivity). Shifting the focus of anti-adhesion-molecule therapy toward the T cells in diseased tissue may lead to new treatment options.
Increased benzodiazepine-like activity is neither necessary nor sufficient to explain acute hepatic encephalopathy in the thioacetamide-treated rat
Authors: Peter Widler, Hans U. Fisch, Peter Schoch, Arthur Zimmermann, Thomas E. Schläpfer, Jürg Reichen
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Increased levels of natural benzodiazepine receptor agonists, produced in the body (endogenous) or ingested with food (exogenous) have been proposed as one of the factors causing hepatic encephalopathy in both experimental animals and human subjects. However, the divergent response of hepatic encephalopathy to benzodiazepine antagonists sheds doubt on this attractive hypothesis. Acute liver failure was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 17) with intraperitoneal thioacetamide (600 mg/kg/day for 3 days) while 14 control rats received vehicle only. Acute liver failure developed in all treated rats (AST: 1,898 +/- 1,359 IU/L vs. controls, 45 +/- 5 IU/L, p < 0.005; bilirubin: 36 +/- 27 mumol/L vs. controls, 1.5 +/- 0.5 mumol/L, p < 0.005; centrizonal necrosis) and grade 3 or 4 hepatic encephalopathy (neurologic assessment and activity monitoring). However, benzodiazepine receptor ligand activity, measured in the supernatant of whole-brain homogenates with a [3H]flumazenil binding competition assay, was clearly increased in only 1 of 17 rats with acute liver failure compared with controls (52.7 +/- 34.1 vs. 44.3 +/- 18.9 ng diazepam equivalents/gm; NS). To evaluate whether the reported increase in benzodiazepine receptor ligand activity could be due to prolonged residence of exogenous benzodiazepine-like substances, additional rats with acute liver failure and controls were treated with diazepam (five doses of 0.5 mg/kg at 12-hr intervals by gavage). Benzodiazepine receptor ligand activity was greater in animals with acute liver failure than in controls (223 +/- 65 vs. 103 +/- 23 ng diazepam equivalents/gm; p < 0.002) 1 to 3 hr after the last diazepam dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Certain Chemorheologic Considerations Regarding the Blood Vascular Interface with Particular Reference to Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: DONALD L. FRY
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The locations of coronary atheroma in a hyperlipemic dog are shown to occur at points in the arterial tree where one would expect the most intense exposure to physical stress. Studies are presented that were designed to quantify certain aspects of the histological and physicochemical response of the arterial intima to a variety of acutely imposed mechanical stresses. These results indicate that the endothelial-cell population has an acute yield stress to shear of about 400 dynes/cm 2 ; that exposure to stress in excess of this is associated with cytological and chemical changes, suggesting that physical processes are occurring, such as "yielding," "melting," "dissolving," "imbibition," and "permeation" of the interfacial tissues; and that even in the absence of cytological changes, the permeability of the interface for albumin is increased by increasing the stress acting on the interface whether in shear, compression, or tension. The relations of these events to tissue rheology, the strain energy density of the interfacial region, and the "critical energy" of molecular separation in the interfacial substance are discussed in terms of the energetics of molecular interactions. Classical rate process theory is used in an effort to express these ideas in more conventional chemical terminology. Arguments are presented in support of the postulate that mechanical energy added to the vascular interface may be used either as the driving force for a chemical process or can be used to increase the rate constant for such processes as interfacial yielding, melting, dissolving, imbibition, or permeation by serum proteins. The added mechanical energy is assumed to increase the rate constant by increasing the number of defects in the array of interfacial molecules or by increasing the average energy level of the molecules, thus decreasing the activation energy for the particular process being considered. As a corollary to this, it follows that the chemical "barrier function" of the vascular interface is enhanced by maintaining its energy density as low as possible and will be degraded in regions of increased energy density. These notions lead to the suggestion that the topography of increased serum protein flux as well as atheromatous plaques is determined among other things by the distribution of mechanically induced increased energy density in the vascular interface.
Armed Conflict Injuries to the Extremities: A Treatment Manual
Authors: Michael A. Terry
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Metastases from Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: O'neill Barrett, Edwin S. Stenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Case Studies1 April 1965Pulmonary Metastases from Thyroid CarcinomaAn Unusual CaseO'NEILL BARRETT JR., EDWIN S. STENBERGO'NEILL BARRETT JR.Search for more papers by this author, EDWIN S. STENBERGSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-4-767 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPulmonary metastases from thyroid carcinomas are usually detectable on routine chest roentgenograms. In the unusual situation reported here, the chest X ray was completely normal despite widespread pulmonary involvement demonstrated by the I131 chest scintiscan.CASE REPORTThe patient, a 40-year-old white male, was well until October, 1959. On routine physical examinationa 1-cm nodule was found in the right lobe of the thyroid. In March, 1960, he underwent surgical removal of the right lobe and isthmus, and a diagnosis of follicular carcinoma with papillary features was made. In June, 1960, multiple anterior cervical lymph nodes on the right were...References1. BEIERWALTESJOHNSONSOLARI WHPCAJ: Clinical Use of Radioisotopes. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1957, p. 172. Google Scholar2. WOOLNERBEAHRSBLACKMCCONAHEYKEATING LBOHBMWMRF: Classification and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma. Amer. J. Surg. 102: 354, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SILIPHANTKLINCKLEVITIN WMGHMS: Thyroid carcinoma and death. Cancer 17: 513, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WERNER SC: The Thyroid. Hoeber-Harper, New York, 1955, p. 295. Google Scholar5. KATZSTARR BP: Cancer of the thyroid with metastasis to the lungs. JAMA 160: 1046, 1956. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: O'NEILL BARRETTJR.; EDWIN S. STENBERGAffiliations: San Francisco, California, and Fort Benning, GeorgiaFrom the Departments of Medicine, Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, Calif., and Martin Army Hospital, Fort Benning, Ga.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Maj. O'Neill Barrett, M.C., Department of Medicine, Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNuclear Imaging of Pulmonary Metastases in Thyroid CarcinomaTHE RADIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF THYROID DISEASE 1 April 1965Volume 62, Issue 4 Page: 767-770 Keywords Biopsy Hospital medicine Lung and intrathoracic tumors Lymph nodes Thorax Thyroid carcinoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Creighton University marks centennial
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal