tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tomography in deep vein thrombosis
Authors: C H Wright, D J Widdowson, C A McConnell, R A Byrne, H G Row, S J Hotston
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Results of using colour duplex sonography in 58 patients (60 limbs) with clinically suspected deep vein thrombosis No No Location of thrombus false positive Specificity (%) false negative Sensitivity (%) Axial and calf veins 0 100 6 79 Axial vein 0
Association of histologically proven rheumatoid arthritis with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: O Menard, N Petit, P Gillet, A Gaucher, Y Martinet
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

The association of rheumatoid arthritis proven by means of synovial biopsy with pulmonary sarcoidosis proven by means of bronchial biopsy, occurred in a 58 year old woman. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in complete resolution of sarcoidosis but only slight improvement of the rheumatoid arthritis, which was secondarily treated with methotrexate with a successful outcome. Only two similar cases have been reported with simultaneous histological proofs of both diseases.
Dual Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Experimental Obliterative Bronchiolitis
Authors: Rainer Krebs, Jussi M. Tikkanen, Antti I. Nykänen, Jeanette Wood, Michael Jeltsch, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Petri K. Koskinen, Karl B. Lemström
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) is the major limitation for long-term survival of lung allograft recipients. We investigated the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the development of OB in rat tracheal allografts. In nonimmunosuppressed allografts, VEGF mRNA and protein expression vanished in the epithelium and increased in smooth muscle cells and mononuclear inflammatory cells with progressive loss of epithelium and airway occlusion compared with syngeneic grafts. Intragraft VEGF overexpression by adenoviral transfer of a mouse VEGF164 gene increased early epithelial cell proliferation and regeneration but increased microvascular remodeling and lymphangiogenesis and luminal occlusion by more than 50% compared with AdlacZ-treated allografts. Although VEGF receptor inhibition decreased early epithelial regeneration in noninfected allografts, it reduced microvascular remodeling, lymphangiogenesis, intragraft traffic of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the degree of luminal occlusion. Simultaneous VEGF gene transfer and platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibition with imatinib preserved respiratory epithelium and totally prevented luminal occlusion. In conclusion, our findings indicate that VEGF has a dual role in transplant OB. Our results suggest that VEGF may protect epithelial integrity. On the other hand, VEGF may enhance luminal occlusion by increasing the recruitment of mononuclear inflammatory cells with platelet-derived growth factor acting as a final effector molecule in this process.
Brain, mind, insanity, and the law.
Authors: P B Fenwick
Journal: BMJ (1991)

stantially improve because a suitable tool for identifying the disorder has been developed.26This simple screening questionnaire, which relies on self-reporting, has been specifically designed for use by the primary health care team during routine contacts and has been well validated in the community.27The important topic of predicting at risk women before delivery is being addressed in current research.Health care professionals should be aware of the possibility of problems in the mother-infant relationship arising because of postnatal depression.Postnatally depressed mothers are likely to be socially isolated and emotionally unsupported,28 29 and general practitioners, midwives, and health visitors are particularly well placed to provide support through their routine professional contacts-thereby dealing with the very deficits that are associated with maternal depression.Health professionals therefore need to pay attention to the emotional aspects of pregnancy, childbirth, and early infant care and to ensure that the topic is covered during training.
Confidence intervals and statistical significance
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Researchers evaluated the effect of percentage compliance with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign’s resuscitation and management bundles on mortality in patients admitted with severe sepsis to intensive care units in Asia. The resuscitation bundle delivered within six hours includes early blood cultures and antibiotics plus various aspects of early goal directed treatment for haemodynamic derangements. The management bundle delivered within 24 hours includes low dose steroids, drotrecogin alfa (activated), glucose control, and guidelines on ventilator support.1

In total, 1285 adult patients with severe sepsis were admitted to 150 intensive care units in July 2009. There were 713 survivors and 572 deaths. Compliance with the resuscitation bundle (six hours) was lower for …
Subtractive hybridization reveals the expression of immunoglobulinlike transcript 7, Eph-B1, granzyme B, and 3 novel transcripts in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: Marie-Clotilde Rissoan, Thomas Duhen, Jean-Michel Bridon, Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare, Catherine Péronne, Blandine de Saint Vis, Francine Brière, Elizabeth E. M. Bates
Journal: Blood (2002)
NT-15 * STEREOTACTIC LASER THERMAL ABLATION OF RECURRENT POSTERIOR FOSSA METASTATIC LESION: DESCRIPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR INFRATENTORIAL TUMORS REFRACTORY TO CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES
Authors: J. K. Eliyas, J. Bailes, R. Merrell, S. O'Leary
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic radiofrequency thermal ablation is a minimally invasive innovative technique that achieves real time tumor destruction. The procedure is safe and effective with real time MRI feedback. We describe the use of stereotactic radio-frequency thermal ablation of posterior fossa metastatic lesion that was refractory to surgical resection and radiosurgery. METHODS: A 67-year-old lady with pulmonary adenocarcinoma developed recurrent metastatic left cerebellar lesion, which was refractory to surgery and radiosurgery. The patient was symptomatic from this lesion and required at least debulking to improve quality of life. She underwent stereotactic radio-frequency thermal ablation using frame-less steretotaxy. Pre-operative imaging using fiducials screwed to the skull was registered in a navigation system that aided in precise placement of skin incision. A specially engineered precision access device was used to drill a 3.2-mm hole in the optimum trajectory and to place a 1.65-mm diameter laser applicator and probe. RESULTS: After confirmation of probe placement with MRI, ablation was accomplished over 2.65 x 1.22 cm of lesion under multi-planar real -time thermal imaging. The tumor approximated facial nerve exit at the brainstem. Real-time feedback with safety markers placed along the seventh cranial nerve exit zone at brainstem and middle cerebellar peduncle regulated dose and duration of therapy. The patient suffered no new neurological deficit and was discharged home the following day without any complication. At 6-month follow-up, the patient continued to show good tumor control, without new symptoms, remaining neurologically and radiologically unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the utility of radio-frequency thermal ablation for metastatic lesions in the infratentorial space especially when conventional therapies have been either exhausted or found unsuitable. With safety markers protecting brainstem and cranial nerves, good tumor control can be achieved without suffering significant neurological deficit. Also, minimal invasiveness and negligible risk advocate for possibility of multiple sessions, performed safely.
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Biomarker-Selected, Phase 2 Study of Apricoxib in Combination with Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Barbara J. Gitlitz, Eric Bernstein, Edgardo S. Santos, Greg A. Otterson, Ginger Milne, Mary Syto, Francis Burrows, Sara Zaknoen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Kupffer cell engulfment of apoptotic bodies stimulates death ligand and cytokine expression
Authors: Ali Canbay, Ariel E. Feldstein, Hajime Higuchi, Nate Werneburg, Annette Grambihler, Steve F. Bronk, Gregory J. Gores
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hepatocyte apoptosis by death receptors, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis are prominent features of liver diseases. However, the link between these processes remains unclear. Our aim was to ascertain whether engulfment of apoptotic bodies by Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Isolated murine Kupffer cells efficiently engulfed apoptotic bodies generated from UV–treated mouse hepatocytes. Engulfment of the apoptotic bodies, but not latex beads, stimulated Kupffer cell generation of death ligands, including Fas ligand, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF–α). Both apoptotic body phagocytosis and death ligand generation were attenuated by gadolinium chloride, a Kupffer cell toxicant. Kupffer cells isolated from 3–day bile duct–ligated (BDL) mice were phenotypically similar to apoptotic body–“fed” Kupffer cells with enhanced death ligand expression; inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis with a caspase inhibitor prevented this Kupffer cell activation. Consistent with a role for Kupffer cells in liver inflammation and fibrosis, gadolinium chloride attenuated neutrophil infiltration and markers for stellate cell activation. In conclusion, these findings support a model of cholestatic liver injury where Kupffer cell engulfment of apoptotic bodies promotes inflammation and fibrogenesis.
Abstract 5238: Integrative analysis of functional long noncoding RNAs during prostate cancer progression
Authors: Teng Fei, Yiwen Chen, Zhou Du, Xiaole Shirley Liu, Myles Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer progression from an androgen-dependent state to an androgen-independent phase, which is also referred to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), not only results in cancer refractory to androgen deprivation therapy but also marks its lethal prognosis. However, it remains largely unknown that how CRPC develops. As a result, ideal diagnosis and therapeutic tools are still highly in demand and under investigation. Recently, many studies indicate that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can be extensively functional rather than just transcriptional noise and lncRNAs are also widely involved in the pathogenesis of different types of cancers. To identify and characterize functional lncRNAs during prostate cancer progression, we firstly developed an integrative computational strategy for predicting lncRNAs that may be functionally important for tumorigenesis or tumor suppression via analysis of lncRNA expression profiles, clinical information and somatic genomic alteration profiles of tumor samples. By applying this approach, we predicted a cohort of lncRNAs that may be clinically important for prostate tumorigenesis and experimentally confirmed two functional lncRNAs - PCAT6 and PCAT7 in prostate cancer cell line model. Work from others and our lab have also shown that both androgen receptor (AR) and polycomb group protein enhancer of zest 2 (EZH2) play pivotal roles during prostate cancer progression to CRPC. In contrast to protein coding genes, little is known about AR or EZH2 regulated lncRNAs during this process. To this purpose, we also performed RNAseq in prostate cancer cell lines and combined ChIPseq data to identify androgen-regulated and AR/EZH2-regulated lncRNAs. These regulated lncRNAs are also intersected with above clinically significant lncRNA list to narrow down interesting hits for follow-up mechanistic studies. Our integrative approach has successfully identified a cohort of potentially functional lncRNAs which hold great potentials to be novel prognostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Citation Format: Teng Fei, Yiwen Chen, Zhou Du, Xiaole Shirley Liu, Myles Brown. Integrative analysis of functional long noncoding RNAs during prostate cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5238. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5238
Experimental Mallory body formation is accompanied by modulation of the expression of multidrug-resistance genes and their products
Authors: K Preisegger, C Stumptner, D Riegelnegg, P C Brown, J A Silverman, S S Thorgeirsson, H Denk
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Mallory bodies (MBs) are characteristic morphological features of alcoholic hepatitis and are also found in other chronic liver disorders and hepatocellular neoplasms. MBs can be produced in mouse liver by chronic administration of the porphyrinogenic drugs griseofulvin (GF) and 3,5-diethoxy-carbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). The mechanisms causing the formation of MBs are poorly understood, and the significance of MB formation during the course of liver disease remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between the mechanisms underlying the formation of MBs and the regulation of multidrug resistance (mdr) genes and their products, the P-glycoproteins (Pgp). Immunofluorescence microscopy using the monoclonal antibody C219 revealed an increase of Pgp expression in almost all hepatocytes after 3 to 8 days of feeding mice DDC- and GF-containing diets. However, after approximately 4 weeks of DDC and approximately 8 weeks of GF feeding, when the first small MBs appeared and loosening and diminution of keratin intermediate filament (KIF) cytoskeleton occurred in some hepatocytes, a decrease or loss of Pgp staining in affected hepatocytes was observed. After feeding mice DDC for 6 weeks and GF for 12 weeks, many hepatocytes contained MBs and displayed a disruption of the immunohistochemically demonstrable KIF meshwork. Double immunofluorescence microscopy with the keratin polyclonal antibody and the mab C219 at this time point revealed a complete loss of Pgp staining in affected cells, although remaining hepatocytes with unaltered KIF meshwork showed a strong reaction with the C219 antibody. Northern blot analyses revealed a significant increase of mdr2 mRNA and, to a lesser extent, of mdr1a mRNA in the livers of DDC- and GF-fed animals.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva — Lessons from Rare Maladies
Authors: J. Michael Connor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Just as the study of rare inborn errors of metabolism has yielded important insights into normal metabolic pathways, the study of rare genetic defects can help define the roles of cellular morphogens and their receptors. The recent demonstration of mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptors in patients with several inherited forms of craniosynostosis is an example.1 In this issue of the Journal, Shafritz et al.2 describe the overexpression of a bone morphogenetic protein in patients with the rare inherited form of ectopic ossification known as fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. They suggest that their findings can provide insight into the normal biology . . .
Case of Pseudohypoglycemia
Authors: Robert J. Rushakoff, Stephen B. Lewis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The patient is a 44-year-old white woman with a history of myasthenia gravis, hypothyroidism, epilepsy, and Raynaud’s phenomenon. In May 2000, while hospitalized for gastroenteritis, a fingerstick glucose reading reported as “low.” Subsequent outpatient testing showed a normal random venous glucose level with concurrent normal C-peptide and insulin levels. The patient obtained a One Touch glucose meter and continued to monitor her glucose frequently for the next few months. The glucose readings were …
The Nonspecific Camel-Hump Sign
Authors: Joseph A. Abbott
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC "camel-hump" sign of Osborn,<sup>1</sup>a term first proposed by Harvey, is generally considered specific for hypothermia.<sup>2</sup>However, we recently saw a patient who had such a finding resulting not from hypothermia but from massive cerebral injury, indicating that this sign is nonspecific. To our knowledge, this is the second instance of central nervous system disease resulting in the camel-hump wave<sup>3</sup>(or, more accurately, dromedary wave) and the first with postmortem confirmation. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 8-year-old boy sustained a severe head injury when struck by a motorcycle while riding his bicycle. His growth and development had been normal. On admission, he was deeply comatose, and the pupils were fixed, dilated, and unresponsive to light; no papilledema was present. The blood pressure was 122/80 mm Hg and the pulse was 140 beats per minute and regular. There were left temporal ecchymoses and lacerations of the
Incidence of Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hertzel C. Gerstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To assess the incidence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction in women with type I diabetes. Design: Cohort study of consecutive patients, with clinical and biochemical assessments of thyroid dysfunction and glycemic control done during the first postpartum week and 3 and 6 months after delivery. Setting: University medical center providing obstetric care for more than 90% of the pregnant women in the region with type I diabetes. Patients: Fifty-one patients with type I diabetes who resided in the Hamilton, Ontario, catchment area and who delivered babies between May 1989 and June 1991, were not taking thyroid medication or thyroactive or immunosuppressive medications. Forty patients completed follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: Postpartum thyroid dysfunction was defined on the basis of thyroid function test results. Results: Postpartum thyroid dysfunction occurred in 10 of 40 patients (25%; 95% CI, 12.7% to 41.2%); postpartum thyroiditis developed in 9 patients and postpartum Graves disease developed in 1 patient during the first 6 months after delivery. The incidence could have varied between 19.6% and 41.2%, depending on whether none or all of the 11 nonparticipating eligible patients developed thyroid dysfunction. Glycemic control was not affected by thyroid dysfunction. Conclusions: Women with type I diabetes are at a high risk for symptomatic postpartum thyroid dysfunction and therefore may benefit from routine thyroid function screening at postpartum visits.
Podoplanin negatively regulates CD4+ effector T cell responses
Authors: Anneli Peters, Patrick R. Burkett, Raymond A. Sobel, Christopher D. Buckley, Steve P. Watson, Estelle Bettelli, Vijay K. Kuchroo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Podoplanin (PDPN, also known as Gp38) is highly expressed on the surface of lymphatic endothelial cells, where it regulates development of lymphatic vessels. We have recently observed that PDPN is also expressed on effector T cells that infiltrate target tissues during autoimmune inflammation; however, the function of PDPN in T cells is largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that global deletion of Pdpn results in exaggerated T cell responses and spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice with a susceptible genetic background. In contrast, T cell-specific overexpression of PDPN resulted in profound defects in IL-7-mediated T cell expansion and survival. Consequently, these animals exhibited a more rapid resolution of CNS inflammation, characterized by a reduced effector CD4+ T cell population in the CNS. Mice harboring a T cell-specific deletion of Pdpn developed exacerbated EAE, with increased accumulation of effector CD4+ T cells in the CNS. Transcriptional profiling of naturally occurring PDPN+ effector T cells in the CNS revealed increased expression of other inhibitory receptors, such as Pd1 and Tim3, and decreased expression of prosurvival factors, including Il7ra. Together, our data suggest that PDPN functions as an inhibitory molecule on T cells, thereby promoting tissue tolerance by limiting long-term survival and maintenance of CD4+ effector T cells in target organs.
Mitral valve replacement versus mitral valve repair. A Doppler and quantitative stress echocardiographic study.
Authors: M D Tischler, K A Cooper, M Rowen, M M LeWinter
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Standard mitral valve replacement (MVR) in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation results in consistent reductions in resting postoperative ejection fraction. This has been attributed to removal of the low-impedance ejection pathway into the left atrium or to disruption of the chordal apparatus. Mitral valve repair (MVP) does not reduce ejection fraction at rest. However, whether MVP confers any advantages with regard to dynamic left ventricular performance has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to directly compare standard MVR with MVP and to determine their respective influences on ventricular ejection performance during bicycle exercise. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten consecutive patients with pure chronic mitral regurgitation who underwent MVP and 10 patients matched for age, sex, and preoperative ejection fraction who underwent standard MVR for pure chronic mitral regurgitation performed symptom-limited, graded upright bicycle exercise with simultaneous Doppler and quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography. Patients with MVP had significantly greater rest (55 +/- 12%) and exercise (63 +/- 11%) ejection fractions than matched patients with MVR (40 +/- 13% [P &lt; .0001] and 42 +/- 17% [P &lt; .005], respectively). End-systolic circumferential wall stress was significantly lower at rest (190 +/- 36 versus 244 +/- 46; P &lt; .03) and at peak exercise (231 +/- 46 versus 300 +/- 52; P &lt; .02) in patients with MVP. At peak exercise, left ventricular shape was significantly more spherical in patients with MVR than those with MVP (1.84 +/- 0.31 versus 2.45 +/- 0.59; P &lt; .02). CONCLUSIONS MVR with chordal transection resulted in significant reductions in rest and exercise ejection fraction. This was caused in part by a significant increase in end-systolic circumferential wall stress. MVP resulted in improved rest and exercise ejection indexes, primarily due to a marked reduction in end-systolic stress and maintenance of a more ellipsoidal chamber geometry.