tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychomotor symptoms of depression
Authors: Christina Sobin, Harold A. Sackeim
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors summarize current knowledge regarding the psychomotor symptoms of depression.Findings from the objective quantification of psychomotor symptoms are reviewed, and methodological issues are considered. The contemporary empirical literature regarding the diagnostic, prognostic, and potential pathophysiologic significance of psychomotor symptoms is summarized.It has been repeatedly shown that depressed patients differ from normal and psychiatric comparison groups with regard to objectively quantified gross motor activity, body movements, speech, and motor reaction time. Course of illness, diurnal variation, medication status, sex, and age are associated with agitation and retardation and should be controlled when one is studying psychomotor symptoms. Psychomotor symptoms in depression may have unique significance. They have high discriminative validity, may be the only symptoms of depression that distinguish depression subtypes, and are predictive of good response to tricyclic antidepressants. Results of brain imaging and biochemical studies link depression and motor symptoms to abnormalities in the basal ganglia and basal ganglia/thalamo-cortical circuits.The investigation of psychomotor disturbance in depression is specifically consistent with neo-Kraepelinian standards for the study of psychiatric disorders. Our current knowledge of psychomotor symptoms is conceptually obscure, yet a large body of evidence specifies their manifestation and supports their significance. Identifying the incidence of abnormal motor behaviors in depressed patients and assessing the component processes that accompany and determine their manifestation may be important advances in the study of psychomotor symptoms in depression.
THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE IN THE COLLEGE CURRICULUM OF PHARMACY.
Authors: J. ALLEN PATTON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The medical college curriculum is a course of didactic and clinical study laid out by experienced medical men and intended to take the medical student over such work as will best prepare him to enter on the practice of medicine and surgery. Like all plans or outlines intended to guarantee a structure that will withstand the assaults of time they require a proper foundation, and this we may call the preliminary education of the student; then, upon this foundation the medical curriculum should rise with the elementary years in medical schools filled with thdse broad and ever-broadening basic studies upon which the practice of medicine was founded, and from whose increasing breadth and depth the modern practice of medicine has received its nourishment, and is continuing to receive a daily stimulus. <h3>PRELIMINARY EDUCATION.</h3> The common school education, while never considered broad enough, was formerly thought to be enough for a
Mechanism of insulin resistance in human liver cirrhosis. Evidence of a combined receptor and postreceptor defect.
Authors: P Cavallo-Perin, M Cassader, C Bozzo, A Bruno, P Nuccio, A M Dall'Omo, M Marucci, G Pagano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Insulin resistance in liver cirrhosis may depend on either reduced sensitivity (receptor defect) and/or reduced response to insulin (postreceptor defect). To clarify the mechanism of such resistance, a [3H]glucose infusion (0.2 microCi/min) was performed for 120 min before and during a euglycemic clamp at approximately 100, 1,000, and 10,000 microU/ml steady state plasma insulin concentration in 18 compensated cirrhotics with portal hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance, and 18 healthy volunteers with no family history of diabetes, matched for sex, age, and weight. Mean fasting plasma insulin (29.2 +/- 3.4 SEM vs. 14.8 +/- 1.1 microU/ml) was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in cirrhotics, while fasting plasma glucose was much the same in the two groups. Glucose use (milligrams per kilogram per minute) was significantly lower in cirrhotics at all three steady state plasma insulin levels: 3.04 +/- 0.34 vs. 7.72 +/- 0.61 (P less than 0.001) at approximately 100; 6.05 +/- 1.07 vs. 11.45 +/- 1.24 (P less than 0.001) at approximately 1,000; and 11.69 +/- 0.69 vs. 14.13 +/- 0.74 (P less than 0.05) at approximately 10,000 microU/ml. Mean plasma C-peptide was significantly higher in cirrhotics both basally and during the steady states (P less than 0.001); it was completely suppressed at approximately 10,000 microU/ml in controls and only 57.5% of the baseline in cirrhotics. Endogenous glucose production (milligrams per kilogram per minute) was much the same in the two groups in the fasting state and almost entirely suppressed in the controls (0.10 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.48 +/- 0.11, P less than 0.001) at approximately 100 microU/ml; at approximately 1,000 microU/ml a residual glucose production, 0.07 +/- 0.05, was observed in the cirrhotics only. In addition, insulin binding and 3-ortho-methyl-glucose transport were studied in vitro in six cirrhotics and six controls. Insulin binding to circulating monocytes and isolated adipocytes was significantly lower (P less than 0.025) in cirrhotics in all insulin concentration studies. Glucose transport values on isolated adipocytes were significantly lower in cirrhotics both basally (P less than 0.001) and at maximal insulin concentration (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that insulin resistance in human cirrhosis is more dependent on depressed peripheral glucose use than on increased endogenous glucose production, and that a combined receptor and postreceptor defect in insulin action on target cells seems to be present.
Pertuzumab plus Trastuzumab in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Mehmet A N Şendur, Sercan Aksoy, Nurullah Zengin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

positive metastatic breast cancer receiving first-line therapy, the addition of pertuzumab to docetaxel plus trastuzumab was associated with a 6-month increase in progression-free survival. Pertuzumab, a recombinant human-ized monoclonal antibody binding to the HER2 dimerization domain, prevents dimerization of HER2 with other HER receptors (HER3, HER1, and HER4), especially with HER3.
Preconditioning against infarction in the rat heart does not involve a pertussis toxin sensitive G protein
Authors: Y. Liu, J. M Downey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: Adenosine receptor antagonists and pertussis toxin both block the anti-infarct effect of preconditioning in rabbit heart. Because adenosine receptor blockers were found to have no effect against preconditioning in rat heart, a study was performed to test whether ribosylating G proteins with pertussis toxin would block the protection. Methods: A branch of the left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min and reperfused for 2 h to produce infarction in open chest rats. Infarct size was assessed by tetrazolium staining. Pertussis toxin was given 48 h before surgery. Preconditioned rats experienced three cycles of 5 min regional ischaemia and 5 min reperfusion before the 30 min occlusion. Results: Four groups of rats were studied. Non-treated control rats had 68.8(SEM 2.2)% infarction of the risk zone and preconditioning reduced this to 32.0(6.5)%. Pertussis toxin completely eliminated the G protein mediated bradycardia caused by intravenous acetylcholine or adenosine infusion. Pertussis toxin treatment had no effect on infarct size in non-preconditioned rats [60.9(4.2)% infarction]. Preconditioning the pertussis toxin treated heart reduced infarction to 21.3(5.6)%, an amount comparable to that seen in non-treated rats. Arrhythmias during the 30 min ischaemia were reduced in preconditioned hearts and this protection was not altered by pertussis toxin treatment. Conclusions: Preconditioning against either infarction or arrhythmias in the rat does not appear to involve a pertussis toxin sensitive G protein. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:608-611
Plasma insulin response to oral carbohydrate in patients with glucose and lactose malabsorption
Authors: J. D. Maxwell, M. T. McKiddie, A. Ferguson, K. D. Buchanan
Journal: Gut (1970)

Plasma insulin levels were determined following oral glucose in 12 patients with adult coeliac disease, after oral lactose in four patients with alactasia, and in age-matched control subjects. In coeliac patients the insulin response was greater than expected from the small rise in blood sugar, and no correlation was found between plasma insulin and sugar levels at any period during the test. The separation of the plasma insulin curve from the blood sugar curve after glucose is in keeping with the concept that a factor responsible for stimulating insulin secretion is released from the gut during or after absorption of glucose. In patients with selective lactose malabsorption (alactasia) administration of lactose by mouth failed to elicit any insulin response, indicating that the insulin-releasing effect of the bowel is not activated merely by the presence of intraluminal carbohydrate.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus after Renal Transplantation: Patient and Graft Survival and Disease Activity
Authors: Hans C. Nossent, Tom J. G. Swaak, Jo H. M. Berden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To determine the outcome of renal transplantation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and end-stage renal failure and to compare disease activity after transplantation with disease activity before transplantation. Design: Retrospective case finding using data for an 8-year period from the central registry for renal replacement therapy in The Netherlands. Setting: Tertiary care hospitals with facilities for renal transplantation in The Netherlands. Patients: Twenty-eight patients who fulfilled at least four of the American Rheumatology Association's criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus and who received a renal transplant. Measurements: Actuarial survival rates for grafts and patients after transplantation, maximal nonrenal scores on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, and time-adjusted disease exacerbation rates in all patients before and after transplantation. Results: The actuarial graft survival rate at 1 year and 5 years was 68% (95% CI, 47% to 82%) and 54% (CI, 25% to 77%), respectively, whereas the actuarial patient survival rate was 87% (CI, 69% to 96%) at 1 and 5 years. High disease activity was not found to affect graft survival adversely before the start of renal replacement therapy or during dialysis. After transplantation, disease activity per patient and the overall incidence of disease exacerbations decreased. One case of recurrent lupus nephritis was seen. Conclusions: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and end-stage renal failure are excellent candidates for renal transplantation; disease activity after transplantation is sporadic and low, and the recurrence of lupus nephritis is rare.
The immune competence of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: P. M. Bolton, S. L. James, R. G. Newcombe, R. H. Whitehead, L. E. Hughes
Journal: Gut (1974)

Previous investigations of immune function in patients with Crohn9s disease have yielded conflicting results. A comprehensive study of immune competence—peripheral lymphocyte count, serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA and IgM), lymphocyte response to PHA, Mantoux test, and DNCB response—has been performed in a large number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. A total of 52 patients with Crohn9s disease, 20 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 46 control patients with benign gastrointestinal disease were investigated. The patient groups were subdivided into `well9 and `ill9 in view of the differing clinical states of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Some of the Crohn9s and colitis patients were receiving steroid therapy. The peripheral blood lymphocyte count and lymphocyte response to PHA were similar in all patient groups. Serum IgA levels were elevated in Crohn9s disease but fell significantly in `ill9 Crohn9s patients following excisional surgery. Serum IgM levels rose significantly in `ill9 Crohn9s patients after surgery. Steroid therapy was associated with diminution of both Mantoux and DNCB responses in the `ill9 Crohn9s patients. There was no evidence of impairment of immune competence in either Crohn9s disease or ulcerative colitis.
Small-Bowel Polyps in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Diagnosis by Wireless Capsule Endoscopy
Authors: G. D. De Palma, M. Rega, P. Ciamarra, E. Di Girolamo, F. Patrone, L. Mastantuono, I. Simeoli
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Figure 1 a, b Gastric polyps. c - h Jejunal polyps. A 14-year-old girl was referred for evaluation of abdominal pain and iron-deficiency anemia. The physical examination revealed evidence of mucocutaneous pigmentation. A capsule endoscopy examination was carried out, as she declined conventional imaging work-up. Capsule endoscopy revealed multiple polyps in the stomach and proximal jejunum. The polyps ranged from 1 - 2 mm to 2 - 3 cm in size, and the majority of them were pedunculated. Surgical enteroscopy was carried out with the patient under general anesthesia. All of the resected polyps had the histological features of hamartomas, with no adenomatous changes and no evidence of malignancy.
Diphtheria-Tetanus—Acellular Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine-Reply
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —The efficacy rate attributed to Tripedia in the article is based on data from a study in Germany 1 reported to the Vaccines and Related Biologics Products Advisory Committee in January 1996. That study used a different case definition of pertussis from the now generally accepted WHO case definition on which the efficacy rate stated in the Tripedia labeling is based.  While it is true that Tripedia has not yet been approved for the fifth dose following priming with Tripedia, from the practicing pediatrician's position, the point is moot. Infants who started receiving Tripedia this summer, when the vaccine was licensed for the first 3 doses, will not be candidates for a 5th dose for 4 years. By then, the FDA expects to have accumulated sufficient data to warrant licensure of the fifth dose.  There is no question that there are untoward reactions with other acellular vaccines besides Infanrix. But
Increased Tl-201 Uptake by a Contusion on the Left Lateral Aspect of the Face and Head
Authors: JOJI KAWABE, SHIGEAKI HIGASHIYAMA, TERUE OKAMURA, KOICHI KOYAMA, KENJI TORII, HIRONOBU OCHI, RYUSAKU YAMADA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

KAWABE, JOJI M.D.; HIGASHIYAMA, SHIGEAKI M.D.; OKAMURA, TERUE M.D.; KOYAMA, KOICHI M.D.; TORII, KENJI M.D.; OCHI, HIRONOBU M.D.; YAMADA, RYUSAKU M.D. Author Information
Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications
Authors: Anne Baber Wallis
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INCIDENCE OF SEVERE DECLINE IN PLATELET COUNT IN PATIENTS TREATED BY TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT AND CLINICAL OUTCOME
Authors: Danny Dvir, Philippe Généreux, Israel M. Barbash, Susheel Kodali, Itsik Ben–Dor, Mathew Williams, Rebecca Torguson, Ajay K. Kirtane, Salem Badr, Saar Minha, Rebecca Hahn, Lowell F. Satler, Craig Smith, Augusto D. Pichard, Martin B. Leon, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Should Ammunition be Restricted?
Authors: Ward Casscells
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: Like many Americans, I am afraid that waiting periods and background checks would delay but not prevent the purchase of handguns by criminals. It would be difficult to confiscate all the guns: 67 million handguns are owned by private citizens in the United States, and there are guns in 48 percent of U.S. households.1 The cost of repurchasing all these guns would be high. Confiscation would raise constitutional issues, and in any case, guns can be hidden. My proposal is to restrict the sale of handgun ammunition to shooting clubs, police, and the Secret Service. A legal . . .
Oral Bronchodilators Containing Tartrazine
Authors: Richard S. Buswell
Journal: JAMA (1976)

IT IS well documented that many patients with asthma have adverse reactions to aspirin.<sup>1-4</sup>A number of these same patients will have similar reactions to tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5). The incidence of tartrazine sensitivity varies, depending on the study that is reported. Samter and Beers<sup>1</sup>found that 14 of 182 aspirin-sensitive patients were also sensitive to tartrazine (&lt; 8%). In another study,<sup>2</sup>they described 3 of 80 aspirin-sensitive patients who reacted to 25 mg of tartrazine. However, Juhlin et al<sup>5</sup>found that seven of eight aspirin-sensitive patients reacted with asthma, urticaria, or both after 1 to 2 mg of tartrazine. A later article by Michaelsson and Juhlin<sup>6</sup>reported that tartrazine provocation induced objective adverse reactions in 21 of 52 patients with a history of chronic urticaria or angioedema. Moreover, two of these patients had no apparent sensitivity to aspirin. They also noted
162. Targeted HSV-1 Infection by Adapters for Glycoprotein D: Variable Infection Efficiency Dependent on Ligand Choice
Authors: Kenji Nakano, Williams F. Goins, Justus B. Cohen, Joseph C. Glorioso
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
We have recently demonstrated targeted HSV infection using a soluble bridging molecule (adapter) composed of specific binding domains for glycoprotein D (gD) and the EGF receptor (EGFR). Our current study was initiated to determine whether the nature of the EGFR-targeted portion of the adapter affects the efficiency of adapter-mediated infection. To this end, we are comparing our previous adapter, consisting of the gD-binding variable (V) region of the natural gD receptor nectin-1 fused to a single-chain antibody (scFv) to the EGFR, with a similarly structured adapter containing EGF instead of the antibody. The EGFR-binding characteristics of the two adapters were compared by immunostaining upon incubation of each adapter for 1 hour at 4|[deg]|C with gD receptor-deficient, EGFR-expressing CHO-EGFR cells. Using an antibody to the shared c-Myc tag of the adapters, similar cell-surface staining patterns were observed in both instances. However, when the temperature was subsequently raised to 37|[deg]|C, the signal for the EGF adapter was substantially reduced and relocated to the cytoplasm by 15 min. and undetectable by 30 min. In contrast, the scFv adapter remained detectable at 30 min., although partially cytoplasmic. These results suggested that the scFv adapter is less amenable to degradation by internalization than its EGF counterpart. Adapter-mediated infection of CHO-EGFR cells was compared using a replication-defective virus expressing |[beta]|-galactosidase. By ONPG assay, infection mediated by the EGF adapter was essentially undetectable whereas high levels of |[beta]|-galactosidase activity were measured in cells infected in the presence of the scFv adapter. However, X-gal staining of infected CHO-EGFR and J1.1-EGFR cells showed multiple blue cells on infection in the presence, but not the absence of EGF adapter; the scFv adapter mediated widespread infection in this assay. Thus, although the EGF adapter was capable of mediating productive infection, its efficiency was highly reduced compared to that of the scFv adapter. Together, our results are consistent with the interpretation that virus entry triggered by the natural ligand of an internalizing receptor is largely unproductive whereas productive entry can be established by mediators that recognize different determinants of the same receptor.
Effect of endogenous pancreatic glucagon on gastric acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer before and after parietal cell vagotomy.
Authors: F B Loud, J Chirstiansen, J J Holst, B Petersen, P Kirkegaard
Journal: Gut (1981)

The effect of endogenous pancreatic glucagon on submaximal pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion was studied by infusion of 1-arginine in patients with duodenal ulcer before and after parietal cell vagotomy without drainage (PCV). Preoperatively infusion of 1-arginine resulted in a marked inhibition of acid secretion, whereas no effect was found postoperatively. Plasma glucagon concentrations were identical pre- and postoperatively, fasting as well as during arginine infusion. Serum gastrin concentration rose after PCV but not unaffected by arginine infusion both pre- and postoperatively. The study demonstrates that intact vagal innervation of the fundic glands is a condition of inhibition of pentagastrin induced acid secretion by pancreatic glucagon released by infusion of 1-arginine.
Viruses and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Howard L. Bleich, Emily S. Boro, Robert S. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

ALTHOUGH the cause of systemic lupus erythematosus remains elusive, considerable research has led to an understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the principal lesions. In addition, recent findings in animal models and clinical studies of systemic lupus erythematosus are relevant to a broad group of common disorders characterized by lesions in which antigen–antibody complexes participate. This research has been particularly exciting because some unexpected findings have led far afield—even to the apparently unrelated area of cancer.Our investigations were initiated by a unique opportunity, the diagnosis of a typical case of systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog. This animal, . . .