tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beclomethasone Dipropionate Use in Chronic Asthmatic Patients
Authors: Ernesto Bondarevsky
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The clinical effectiveness of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) aerosol and adrenal function after withdrawal of oral corticosteroid therapy were evaluated in 32 severely steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. Twenty-four of 28 patients were able to discontinue oral glucocorticosteroid therapy, while four failed to do so. Ventilatory studies showed no substantial changes at the end of six months' BDP treatment. In 24 patients, adrenal insufficiency was present before BDP therapy was started. In 20 of those patients, the response of cosyntropin returned to normal two months after discontinuation of systemic steroid treatment and administration of BDP.
Limbic Encephalitis Associated With Anti–Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Complex Antibodies Mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Authors: Ji Yeoun Yoo, Lawrence J. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Limbic encephalitis that is associated with anti–voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKCC) antibodies (VGKCC syndrome) is an autoimmune, usually nonparaneoplastic form of encephalitis that is responsive to immunotherapy. Differentiating this treatable disease from others that have a similar presentation is thus important. <h3>Observations</h3> We present the case of a 58-year-old man who had a rapid onset of progressive confusion, twitching of the face and hand, and abnormal basal ganglia detected by magnetic resonance imaging. His conditions were initially diagnosed as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Faciobrachial dystonic seizures, possibly pathognomonic for the VGKCC syndrome, had been misdiagnosed as myoclonus. Treatment led to a complete resolution of his symptoms. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Given the similarities of the clinical features and, at times, the neuroimaging findings of VGKCC syndrome to CJD, recognizing VGKCC syndrome and the highly associated and distinctive faciobrachial dystonic seizures is very important. Because this syndrome is the most common treatable condition that mimics CJD, we believe that it is crucial to screen all patients with presumed CJD for this reversible condition.
Role of nuclear unphosphorylated STAT3 in angiotensin II type 1 receptor-induced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Hong Yue, Wei Li, Russell Desnoyer, Sadashiva S. Karnik
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Cardiac hypertrophy is a risk factor independent of blood pressure; however, the mechanisms that distinguish pathological remodelling due to local cues from pressure overload are unresolved. This study was aimed at discovering a novel gene expression mechanism in heart failure. In angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) transgenic mice (TG), we found a significant increase of mRNA and total STAT3 (T-STAT3) protein, but not STAT3 phosphorylated at residues Y705 and S727. A net increase in nuclear accumulation of this unphosphorylated form of STAT3 (U-STAT3) correlated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, which are associated with abnormal expression of osteopontin and regulator of G protein signalling 2 genes. Nuclear accumulation of U-STAT3 is induced by angiotensin II treatment in neonatal cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts, and AT1R-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-AT1R) cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that U-STAT3 binds to the target gene promoter, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of STAT3 expression significantly altered the expression of target genes in HEK-AT1R cells. T-STAT3 in TG mouse hearts and the phosphorylation-deficient Y705F mutant STAT3 in HEK-AT1R cells physically interacted with transcription co-activator p300. Chronic activation of AT1R induces unregulated expression of the Stat3 gene, leading to nuclear accumulation of U-STAT3, which significantly correlated with progression of cardiac hypertrophy.
MPs say NHS workforce planning has been “a disastrous failure”
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

UK NEWS UK Biobank gets 10% response rate as it starts recruiting volunteers, p659 World NEWS US �u�ge bans use o�� ter�� �lig�t cigarette�� �orl��i�e, p65� US �u�ge bans use o�� ter�� �lig�t cigarette�� �orl��i�e
Amplitude information from Doppler color flow mapping systems: A preliminary study of the power mode
Authors: Adelino Parro, Elizabeth F. Philpot, Peter J. Czuwala, Po Hoey Fan, Navin C. Nanda, Edward G. Cape, Ajit P. Yoganathan, Frederick Helmcke, Hiromi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Pandora's box of autonomic ills found in some heart patients
Authors: Elizabeth Rasche González
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Patients suffering from excessive drowsiness, narcolepsy, or sleep apnea may also have cardiac abnormalities such as mitral valve prolapse, say investigators at the Clinical Research Center, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus. Moreover, these patients, as well as patients with mitral valve prolapse who do not have sleep disorders, appear to have heretofore unreported adrenergic abnormalities. Harisios Boudoulas, MD, and associates assessed anthropometric characteristics, cardiac abnormalities, and adrenergic activity in 120 patients with primary sleep disorders in a study reported at the recent American Heart Association (AHA) meeting at Miami Beach, Fla. Cardiac workups showed that 49% of the 35 patients with narcolepsy and 58% of the 24 patients with hypersomnolence had mitral valve prolapse. The remaining 61 patients had sleep apnea, and only 20% showed mitral valve prolapse. But this subgroup had other heart problems not found in most of the sleepy patients: an abnormal ratio of the
You cannot be serious, says GMC to observation article
Authors: G. Catto
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In an uncharacteristically dyspeptic column, Hawkes castigates the General Medical Council over several unrelated issues.1 Donning his suit of rusty armour and unsheathing the sword of truth and justice, he sallies forth to fight the battles of yesteryear without fear, favour, or much forethought. His points on the end of the exemption from the annual retention fee for doctors over the age of 65 cannot go unchallenged.

As an Aberdonian, …
Treatment of Delirium Tremens-Reply
Authors: Marvin A. Block
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In answering a question submitted by a physician, one cannot give all the possible aspects of a particular disorder and how they can be treated. One cannot give all the possible complications, untoward reactions, indications, and contraindications for certain treatments. If this were to be done, each answer would constitute a complete paper in itself. Dr. Lemere's letter makes some excellent points which he has gleaned from his experience. In my many years of using promazine preparations intravenously, I have never encountered the reaction which he mentions. It is possible to have occasional untoward results with particular patients with any drug, and using any preparation carries with it the risk of an untoward result with some patients. This does not necessarily mean that the use of the preparation should be discontinued. The use of ACTH has been recommended by many physicians treating alcoholics as an effective one
Prophylactic thiamine in liquor
Authors: G. Jones, M. Briscoe
Journal: BMJ (1979)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychiatric problems and violent behaviours in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents, based on nationwide surveillance programme data, 2011–2012. <h3>Methods</h3> Overall, 14 880 students, aged 6–18 years, were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method from rural and urban areas of 30 provinces in Iran. SES was estimated based on a main summarised component, extracted from principle component analysis of family assets and parents9 jobs and education. For statistical analysis, SES was classified as ‘low’, ‘middle’ and ‘high’. The WHO-Global School Based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS) questionnaire was used to assess psychiatric problems and violent behaviours. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 13 486 students (participation rate 90.6%) completed the study: 50.8% were boys and 75.6% were urban residents, with a mean age of 12.47±3.36 years. In the multivariate model, the ORs of depression, anxiety, feeling worthless, anger, insomnia, confusion and physical fights were lower in students with high SES compared with those with low SES (p&lt;0.05) but physical fights was lower in the high SES group than in the low SES group (p&lt;0.05). No significant relationship was documented between SES and other variables, including getting worried, history of bullying and being victimised. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Children and adolescents with low SES were at higher risk for psychiatric problems and violent behaviours. Mental health policies and public interventional strategies should be considered at the public level, notably for low SES families.
Biopersistence of man-made vitreous silicate fibers in the human lung.
Authors: P Sébastien
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

There is now a substantial body of experimental data on the pulmonary biopersistence of man-made vitreous silicate fibers (MMVSF), but human data are seriously lacking. Our knowledge in this field is essentially limited to a few reports of measurements of fibers retained in lung tissue samples taken at autopsy from workers manufacturing these products. Three types of exposure were studied: fibrous glass, mineral wool, and refractory ceramic fibers. Overall, the available data do not provide evidence for substantial long-term retention of fibers in the human lung after occupational exposure to MMVSF dusts. A word of caution, however; the amount of data supporting the previous statement is much greater for fibrous glass than for either mineral wool or refractory ceramic fibers. There is no human data on the key question of the kinetics of pulmonary clearance of inhaled MMVSF.
Poxvirus immunotherapies in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors synergize to eliminate tumors in a mouse tumor model
Authors: Susan P Foy, Ryan B Rountree, Stefaine J Mandl, Joseph Cote, Tracy dela Cruz, Evan Gordon, Erica Trent, Alain Delcayre
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Bavarian Nordic, Inc. is developing poxvirus-based cancer immunotherapies. These therapies employ vaccinia-, Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-, and fowlpox-based vectors that were engineered to express one or more tumor-associated antigens (TAA). These vectors are used alone or in
An investigation of pressure gradients in the isolated human lung
Authors: B. Hovell, S. Merchant
Journal: Thorax (1968)

In their investigations into bronchospasm, Crofton, Douglas, Simpson, and Merchant (1963), and Douglas, Simpson, Merchant, Crompton, and Crofton (1966a and b) have found that a ratio of endomural bronchial pressure to oesophageal pressure in wheezy patients is frequently above unity. They suggested that this might be due to active bronchial muscle contraction on expiration. In a series of lungs we examined the evidence for an alternative theory of a radial traction effect which could explain their findings. The lung was placed in an airtight jar and inflated and deflated, the pressure excursion (J) inside the jar being recorded. Simultaneously, the endomural bronchial pressure excursion (B) was recorded by means of a specially designed probe. The ratio of these two excursions (B/J ratio) was calculated. A ratio of less than unity was consistently obtained, suggesting a simple pressure gradient in the lung. No evidence of a radial traction effect was found in the size of bronchi (4 mm.) measured, though of course such an effect could not be excluded in other sizes of bronchi or in bronchioles.
Physicians’ Group Discourages Routine Pelvic Examination
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With High-Dose Radiation and Oxaliplatin-Containing Regimen: The Lyon R0–04 Phase II Trial
Authors: Jean-Pierre Gérard, Olivier Chapet, Chantal Nemoz, Pascale Romestaing, Françoise Mornex, Régis Coquard, Nicolas Barbet, Dan Atlan, Patrice Adeleine, Gilles Freyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

The combination of radiation, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin in locally advanced rectal cancer has been shown to be feasible in a phase I trial. The purpose of this phase II trial was to assess tolerance and efficacy of this regimen in a preoperative setting.Between May 2000 and October 2001, 40 operable patients were entered onto the study. Radiotherapy was delivered with a three-field technique to a dose of 50 Gy over 5 weeks with a concomitant boost approach. Two cycles of chemotherapy were given synchronously on weeks 1 and 5, with oxaliplatin 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 followed by 5-day continuous infusion of fluorouracil 350 mg/m(2) and L-folinic acid 100 mg/m(2). Surgery was planned 5 weeks later.All patients completed treatment without modification except one who experienced grade 3/4 toxicity. Grade 3 toxicity was seen in seven patients. Surgery was performed in all patients after a mean interval time of 5 weeks. An objective clinical response was seen in 30 patients (75%). Sphincter-saving surgery was possible in 26 patients. No postoperative deaths occurred. In four patients (10%), a reoperation was necessary (anastomotic fistula, n = 2; pelvic abscess, n = 2). In six cases the operative specimen was sterilized (15%), and in 12 cases (30%), only few residual cells were detected.Such a combined preoperative chemoradiotherapy and oxaliplatin-containing regimen is well tolerated with no increase in surgical toxicity. The good response rate observed warrants its use in further clinical trials.
Childhood Cancer Mortality
Authors: Leonard A. Sagan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Miller and McKay<sup>1</sup>report a decline in US childhood mortality that they attribute "almost entirely" to improvements in therapy. That may be, but they offer no evidence to substantiate that claim. Indeed, there are strong reasons to conclude otherwise. For example, the reduction in number of deaths from leukemia has been observed almost exclusively among those at about age 4 years, whereas no reduction in incidence of death among children older than 10 years has been observed. If therapy is effective in the younger children, why is therapy for the same disease not effective in older children? Second, they demonstrate improvements in mortality for all specific cancer types, for which treatments differ widely. It would be desirable but seems unlikely that all treatments for all cancer types are improving simultaneously on such a broad front. Controlled clinical trials should be the only basis for accepting therapy
Britain launches new antidrugs strategy
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1998)

As part of the British government's 10 year plan to intensify the fight against drug misuse health authorities are to give priority to drug specific activities within their budgets. They will be expected to include antidrugs measures in their health improvement programmes, which are to be a key feature of the health service from next year.

A white paper last week proposed a four part strategy to tackle the drug menace: to help …
Clay Mixture Poultices.
Authors: George Dock
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN,</h3> DEPT. OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Ann Arbor, Mich, May 4, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Certain medical journals are publishing a letter from the Denver Chemical Company criticising Dr. A. H. Roth's article on clay mixture poultices (The Journal, April 15, p. 1185), and criticisingThe Journalfor publishing it. The letter contains several erroneous statements and as I had something to do with the article, as I shall show below, I think it only fair to Dr. Roth and toThe Journalto give the facts. The gist of the letter can be condensed into the following statements, viz.: That the manufacturers of the substance formerly carried an advertisement in The Journal of the American Medical Association. That this advertisement was withdrawn. That the manager of The Journal, influenced by this loss of the advertisement, sent an abstract of Dr. Roth's article to medical journals. That the
Sarcoidosis Blood Transcriptome Reflects Lung Inflammation and Overlaps with Tuberculosis
Authors: Laura L. Koth, Owen D. Solberg, Jeffrey C. Peng, Nirav R. Bhakta, Christine P. Nguyen, Prescott G. Woodruff
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, although M. tuberculosis may play a role in the pathogenesis. The traditional view holds that inflammation in sarcoidosis is compartmentalized to involved organs.To determine whether whole blood gene expression signatures reflect inflammatory pathways in the lung in sarcoidosis and whether these signatures overlap with tuberculosis.We analyzed transcriptomic data from blood and lung biopsies in sarcoidosis and compared these profiles with blood transcriptomic data from tuberculosis and other diseases.Applying machine learning algorithms to blood gene expression data, we built a classifier that distinguished sarcoidosis from health in derivation and validation cohorts (92% sensitivity, 92% specificity). The most discriminative genes were confirmed by quantitative PCR and correlated with disease severity. Transcript profiles significantly induced in blood overlapped with those in lung biopsies and identified shared dominant inflammatory pathways (e.g., Type-I/II interferons). Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis shared more overlap in blood gene expression compared with other diseases using the 86-gene signature reported to be specific for tuberculosis and the sarcoidosis signature presented herein, although reapplication of machine learning algorithms could identify genes specific for sarcoidosis.These data indicate that blood transcriptome analysis provides a noninvasive method for identifying inflammatory pathways in sarcoidosis, that these pathways may be leveraged to complement more invasive procedures for diagnosis or assessment of disease severity, and that sarcoidosis and tuberculosis share overlap in gene regulation of specific inflammatory pathways.
The Kidney as an Endocrine Organ for the Production of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>, a Calcium-Mobilizing Hormone
Authors: Philip R. Steinmetz, Christine Balko, Hector F. DeLuca
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THE classic effect of vitamin D is to bring about mineralization of bone. Although the possibility remains that some form of vitamin D functions directly at the mineralization site, most evidence indicates that vitamin D acts by supplying calcium and phosphate to the calcification sites. Thus, the extracellular fluid in vitamin D deficiency is undersaturated with the hydroxyapatite-mineral component of bone, and it is this factor that is thought to have the major role in the failure of calcification in this deficiency disease.1 It is generally believed that the vitamin brings about an elevation of plasma calcium and phosphorus by . . .
The Control and Eradication of Tuberculosis
Authors: Thomas J. Kearns, Pearl K. Russo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Despite the decline in mortality in the past two decades that has resulted from public-health programs for treatment, prevention, and surveillance, tuberculosis continues to be a problem in at least half our states and a drain on the scarce public-health dollar. Approximately 30,000 new cases of tuberculosis have been reported annually over the past several years, 1 with the city of Washington having the dubious distinction of a case rate higher than that of any state in the continental United States. Moreover, the transmission of new infection in urban areas and among the young indicates that, without prompt new strategies, the . . .
Neurotoxic effects of gasoline and gasoline constituents.
Authors: T M Burbacher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

This overview was developed as part of a symposium on noncancer end points of gasoline and key gasoline components. The specific components included are methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, tertiary amyl methyl ether, butadiene, benzene, xylene, toluene, methyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol. The overview focuses on neurotoxic effects related to chronic low-level exposures. A few general conclusions and recommendations can be made based on the results of the studies to date. a) All the compounds reviewed are neuroactive and, as such, should be examined for their neurotoxicity. b) For most of the compounds, there is a substantial margin of safety between the current permissible exposure levels and levels that would be expected to cause overt signs of neurotoxicity in humans. This is not the case for xylene, toluene, and methanol, however, where neurologic effects are observed at or below the current Threshold Limit Value. c) For most of the compounds, the relationship between chronic low-level exposure and subtle neurotoxic effects has not been studied. Studies therefore should focus on examining the dose-response relationship between chronic low-level exposure and subtle changes in central nervous system function.