tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on Glucose Control in Women With Type 1 Diabetes Evaluated Using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System
Authors: Denise S. Barata, Luís F. Adan, Eduardo M. Netto, Ana Claudia Ramalho
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Information on the factors that affect glycemia is pivotal in the treatment of diabetes, including insulin sensitivity in different physiological processes (1–4). The current study evaluated the effect of the menstrual cycle on glucose control in six patients with type 1 diabetes, with a median age 23 years and regular menstrual cycles, not in use of hormonal contraception, not pregnant or breastfeeding, with normal thyroid function, and recent glycated hemoglobin  180 mg/dL, hypoglycemia  180 mg/dL (≤2 h after a meal), and nocturnal …
Reply to Takada et al.
Authors: N. Higuchi, K. Nakamura
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

We thank Dr. Takada and colleagues for their comments on our case series describing the usefulness of double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) for diagnosis of jejunoileal involvement in primary gastrointestinal follicular lymphoma (GIFL). In our report, we demonstrated that DBE could visualize jejunoileal follicular lymphoma lesions such as multiple white nodules or white villi that were not detectable by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET). We therefore concluded that DBE is essential for evaluating the extent of intestinal involvement in primary GIFL. However, we did not assess the efficacy of 18F-FDG-PET in detecting nodal involvement as we had only two patients with lymph node swelling in our study population; both were negative for FDG deposit [1].
Lapatinib versus trastuzumab in combination with neoadjuvant anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy (GeparQuinto, GBG 44): a randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: Michael Untch, Sibylle Loibl, Joachim Bischoff, Holger Eidtmann, Manfred Kaufmann, Jens-Uwe Blohmer, Jörn Hilfrich, Dirk Strumberg, Peter A Fasching, Rolf Kreienberg, Hans Tesch, Claus Hanusch, Bernd Gerber, Mahdi Rezai, Christian Jackisch, Jens Huober, Thorsten Kühn, Valentina Nekljudova, Gunter von Minckwitz
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2012)
Leucocyte migration inhibition test in coeliac disease - a reappraisal.
Authors: F G Simpson, H P Field, P D Howdle, D A Robertson, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1983)

Results of the direct leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) test using gluten fraction III as antigen were unaffected by incorporation of puromycin into the culture medium at concentrations shown to prevent lymphokine mediated inhibition. Results of the LMI test performed with purified polymorphs were similar to and correlated with results of the standard LMI test using mixed leucocytes in both coeliacs and controls. The addition of purified T lymphocytes did not increase migration inhibition. Normal leucocytes incubated with serum from coeliac patients and washed showed marked migration inhibition when incubated with gluten fraction III. This sensitisation of normal leucocytes was prevented by preincubation with aggregated human IgG. These results suggest that leucocyte migration inhibition by gluten in coeliac disease is not due to lymphokine production by sensitised lymphocytes but is caused by cytophilic antibody.
Evacuation decisions in a chemical air pollution incident: cross sectional survey
Authors: S Kinra, G Lewendon, R Nelder, N Herriott, R Mohan, M Hort, S Harrison, V Murray
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To compare the health outcomes in sheltered and evacuated populations after a chemical incident in a plastics factory. <b>Design</b> Cross sectional survey. <b>Setting</b> Urban area in southwest England. <b>Participants</b> 1750 residents from the area exposed to the chemical smoke, of which 472 were evacuated and the remaining 1278 were advised to shelter indoors. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Number of adverse health symptoms. A case was defined by the presence of four or more symptoms. <b>Main results</b> 1096 residents (63%; 299 evacuated, 797 sheltered) provided data for analyses. The mean symptom score and proportion of cases were higher in evacuated people than in the sheltered population (evacuated: symptom score 1.9, cases 19.7% (n = 59); sheltered: symptom score 1.0, cases 9.5% (n = 76); P &lt; 0.001 for both). The difference between the two groups attenuated markedly at the end of two weeks from the start of the incident. The two main modifiable risk factors for the odds of becoming a case were evacuation (odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 3.8) and direct exposure to smoke for more than two hours on the first day of the incident (2.0, 1.7 to 2.3). The distance of residence from the factory or level of exposure before intervention (first six hours) had little effect on the odds of a person becoming a case. <b>Conclusions</b> Sheltering may have been a better protective action than evacuation in this chemical incident, which is consistent with the prevailing expert view. Although this study has limitations, it is based on a real event. Evacuations carry their own risks and resource implications; increased awareness may help to reduce unnecessary evacuations in the future.
Industrial contributions of arsenic to the environment.
Authors: K W Nelson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Arsenic is present in all copper, lead, and zinc sulfide ores and is carried along with those metals in the mining, milling and concentrating process. Separation, final concentration and refining of by-product arsenic as the trioxide is achieved at smelters. Arsenic is the essential consistent element of many compounds important and widely used in agriculture and wood preservation. Lesser amounts are used in metal alloys, glass-making, and feed additives. There is no significant recycling. Current levels of arsenic emissions to the atmosphere from smelters and power plants and ambient air concentrations are given as data of greatest environmental interest.
Development of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in the Respiratory Tract of Rabbits to Pseudomonas Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Herbert Y. Reynolds, Russell E. Thompson, Henry B. Devlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Immunization with Pseudomonas lipopolysaccharide induced both cellular and humoral immunity in rabbits, particularly in the respiratory tract after intranasal immunization. Either parenteral (i.m.) or intranasal immunization elicited an IgG antibody response in respiratory secretions, but only intranasal immunization produced secretory IgA antibody. Immunization by both routes stimulated serum IgM and IgG agglutinative antibodies. Because both methods of immunization produced skin test reactivity which had components of both Arthus and tuberculin-like reactions, cellular immunity was more readily assessed by the measurement of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) released from immune lymphocytes in respiratory and spleen cell suspensions after challenge with the lipopolysaccharide antigen. After intranasal vaccination, MIF activity was detected in the respiratory tract by direct assay; in contrast, i.m. immunized rabbits did not produce respiratory MIF. Both modes of immunization resulted in splenic MIF activity. However, lymphocytes were only capable of producing MIF for short periods after primary immunization had ended, apparently losing this function in about 2-3 wk. Therefore, it was concluded that cellular immunity by in vitro assay was transient after primary immunization with this Pseudomonas antigen in contrast to the more persistent humoral immunity. The biological significance of immune lymphocytes as part of the coordinated host defense of the lung needs further evaluation.
Use of UV-A sunbeds for cosmetic tanning
Authors: B.L. DIFFEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

A survey has been carried out of people using UV-A sunbeds at commercial premises in the U.K. The degree of tan achieved was found to be closely related to the subject's ability to tan in sunlight, and subjects who burnt easily in sunlight were most at risk of developing erythema after using a sunbed. Side-effects, particularly itching, were common. The prevalence of itching, nausea and skin rashes were higher in women taking oral contraceptives than in women on no medication. Although long-term quantitative estimates of the risks of UV-A sunbed use (such as skin ageing and skin cancer) are unknown, it is recommended that individuals who do not tan or tan poorly should be discouraged from using sunbeds.A questionnaire survey of British tanning salon clients disclosed that immediate side effects occurred more frequently in women using oral contraceptives. 20 questionnaires distributed to each of 146 UV-A lamp tanning salons nationwide in 1985 covered 24 questions on topics such as age, sex and skin type of the respondents, skin conditions such as acne and psoriasis, satisfaction with tan, and side effects including erythema (redness), itching, rash and nausea. Half of the subjects were young women aged 15-30, who had used the sunbed 10 to 100 times (median 20 times). Most sessions lasted 30 minutes. 98% reported that they tanned; 83% claimed they felt more relaxed; 28% complained of itching; 8% had rash or nausea. Among those with side effects, 41% with itching took oral contraceptives, compared to 27% who did not (p.005). 17% of pill users had nausea and 14% got a rash, compared to 10 and 7% of non-pill users, respectively (p.025). 195 or 19% of the 1013 respondents were on the pill. There are several conditions known to predispose to skin reddening, irritation or possibly carcinogenesis: fair skin; idiopathic light sensitivity; use of certain cosmetics or drugs such as antibiotics, antihypertension drugs, or antipsychotic agents.
THE PSYCHOSIS IN CEREBRAL SYPHILIS.
Authors: RICHARD DEWEY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

When I came recently to consider attentively the subject assigned me in this discussion, I was so doubtful as to the production of anything of value that I asked the chairman to excuse me, but as both the present chairman and the chairman of last year renewed their request. I have complied with their wishes as well as possible. When one attempts to lay down the lines upon which the subject should be treated, several questions arise which require to be first taken into consideration. One is the evidence of syphilis. Another, the very frequent existence in these cases of causes other than syphilis which have their share in determining the mental state-such as alcoholism; senile changes; arterial disease; kidney and heart disease and tumors, of non-specific origin. If the rule were made and followed of first catching your specific lesion and then excluding alcoholism and non-specific vascular changes, etc.
Drugs that alter nitric oxide homeostasis: a reply
Authors: P. Vallance, S. Moncada
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Drugs that alter nitric oxide homeostasis: a reply Get access Patrick Vallance, Patrick Vallance Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Salvador Moncada Salvador Moncada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 2, February 1994, Page 284, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.2.284A Published: 01 February 1994
Atherosclerosis in Patients Infected With HIV Is Influenced by a Mutant Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Allele
Authors: Carlos Alonso-Villaverde, Blai Coll, Sandra Parra, Manuel Montero, Nahum Calvo, Mònica Tous, Jorge Joven, Lluis Masana
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Patients infected with HIV present with premature atherosclerosis, and the 2 diseases share common pathogenic pathways. We investigated mutations in the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and CCR-2 genes, which are known to control aspects of these pathways, to ascertain whether they are involved in atherogenesis in these patients. Methods and Results— We performed carotid and femoral artery ultrasonography to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in patients infected with HIV (n=183). MCP-1–2518G and CCR-2 64I polymorphisms were determined in the HIV group and in a population-based control group (n=348). We also determined MCP-1 circulating levels in the HIV group. The presence of MCP-1–2518G in the group of patients with subclinical atherosclerosis was significantly higher than in patients without atherosclerotic lesions (47.5% versus 18.2%, respectively; P &lt;0.001). Furthermore, the patients with atherosclerotic lesions had higher MCP-1 plasma concentrations than did patients without lesions (74.15 [4.03] versus 57.81 [3.67] pg/mL, respectively; P =0.03). When adjusted for known cardiovascular risk factors, the MCP-1–2518G allele was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis (OR 5.72, 95% CI 1.74 to 18.80, P =0.004). Compared with measurements conducted ≈2.5 years earlier in a subset of 40 patients, intima-media thickness (IMT) in the carotid artery progressed at a mean rate of 0.06 mm/y more rapidly in patients bearing the MCP-1-mutated allele ( P =0.08). Conclusions— HIV-infected patients with the MCP-1–2518G allele have a 5-fold increased risk for atherosclerosis, as assessed by ultrasonography.
Association of cardiac troponin, CK-MB, and postoperative myocardial ischemia with long-term survival after major vascular surgery
Authors: Giora Landesberg, Vadim Shatz, Inna Akopnik, Yehuda G. Wolf, Michael Mayer, Yacov Berlatzky, Charles Weissman, Morris Mosseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Thrombopoietin concentrations in peripheral blood correlated with platelet numbers in two patients with thrombocytopenia by chronic graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Yasuo Hirayama, Sumio Sakamaki, Yasushi Tsuji, Tamotsu Sagawa, Hiroki Chiba, Takuya Matsunaga, Hiroyuki Kuroda, Toshiro Kusakabe, Takehide Akiyama, Junji Kato, Yoshiro Niitsu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Thrombocytopenia is well known to be one of the clinical manifestations of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD). However, there exist cases in which the cause of thrombocytopenia has been unexplained. Recently, thrombopoietin (TPO) from bone marrow (BM) stromal cells and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β from platelets and megakaryocytes have been identified as strong positive and negative regulators of megakaryopoiesis in vivo. We hypothesized that the decreased TPO production from BM could be one of the causes of thrombocytopenia in the patients with cGVHD. In the present study, therefore, TPO and TGF‐β concentrations in peripheral blood (PB) and BM were measured serially in two patients with acute leukemia who had received fully matched stem cell transplantation from relatives and subsequently developed extensive cGVHD with thrombocytopenia. The results showed that platelet numbers correlated well with the TPO concentrations, which were consistently higher in BM than in PB. The difference in TPO concentrations between BM and PB was decreased when the platelet levels were low, indicating that the amount of TPO production from BM decreased throughout the duration of thrombocytopenia. TGF‐β concentrations were normal during all periods in which measurements were carried out. Thus, our results suggest that one mechanism of thrombocytopenia in patients with cGVHD is low TPO production by BM cells. Am. J. Hematol. 73:285–289, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Counterpoint: No Time to Inhale: Arguments Against Inhaled Insulin in 2007
Authors: David M. Nathan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Much of the storied history of insulin has revolved around attempts to make its administration easier for patients who have to inject it to survive. The search for alternative routes of administration began almost immediately after its discovery—insulin was administered by inhalation, with modest effectiveness, and then within several years of its first administration by subcutaneous injection (1). The now almost unimaginable use of 20-gauge needles, sharpened by hand, and glass syringes that had to be sterilized regularly made the development of less painful and more convenient injections highly desirable. Moreover, before the development of intermediate- and long-acting formulations of insulin in the 1930s, four to five daily injections of the available rapid-acting formulation were required if patients wanted to avoid hyperglycemia and accompanying polyuria and polydipsia.

The introduction of “protamine insulinate” in 1936 (2), followed by protamine zinc insulin, NPH, and the lente series of insulins, made it possible to maintain generally asymptomatic levels of glucose control, based on the longer-acting profile of the formulations, with only two injections per day. Although more convenient for patients with type 1 diabetes, the intermediate-acting insulins, and long-acting insulins that followed, had the unintended consequence of distracting attention from the more physiologic administration of insulin by multiple injections (3). When the glycohemoglobin assay became widely available in the early 1980s (4), it was clear that the chronic glycemic control achieved with these nonphysiologic, albeit convenient, regimens was far from normal. More importantly, the elevated levels of chronic glycemia were strongly associated with all of the long-term complications of diabetes that resulted in severe morbidity and premature mortality (5).

It took almost 60 years after the introduction of intermediate-acting insulins to establish the long-term …
CELL-TO-CELL INTERACTION IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: A. Basten, J. F. A. P. Miller, J. Sprent, C. Cheers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Specific immunological tolerance was induced in CBA mice by a single injection of deaggregated fowl immunoglobulin G (FγG). The unresponsive state was stable on adoptive transfer and irreversible by pretreatment of tolerant cells with trypsin. Tolerant spleen cells could suppress the response of normal syngeneic recipients. They also suppressed the adoptive primary response of spleen cells to FγG in irradiated hosts. The inhibitory effect was on the indirect (7S) plaque-forming cell (PFC) response. Incubation of the tolerant cell population with anti-θ serum and complement reversed the suppressor effect. Furthermore, the addition of purified T cells from normal donors restored the capacity of the anti-θ serum-treated tolerant cells to transfer an adoptive response to FγG. The existence of FγG-reactive B cells was supported by the demonstration of normal numbers of antigen-binding cells in the spleen and thoracic duct lymph from tolerant animals. Moreover, the formation of caps by these cells implied that they could bind antigen normally. These experiments provided direct evidence for the existence of suppressor T cells in the tolerant population. Further evidence was derived from examination of the effect of antigen "suicide". Tolerant spleen cells were treated with radioactive FγG under conditions known to abrogate T-cell helper function. When these cells were transferred together with normal spleen cells into irradiated hosts, suppression of the primary adoptive response to FγG was no longer observed. Inhibition of an adoptive secondary response to FγG was obtained by transferring tolerant spleen cells with primed B cells provided high doses of tolerant cells were used. By contrast low doses exerted a helper rather than a suppressor effect in this system.
Estimation of Infarct Size in Man and its Relation to Prognosis
Authors: BURTON E. SOBEL, GERALD F. BRESNAHAN, WILLIAM E. SHELL, RICHARD D. YODER
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Infarct size was assessed quantitatively in 33 patients with acute myocardial infarction with a new technic based on analysis of serial serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) changes to determine its relationship to prognosis. We have recently measured infarct size in the conscious dog with this method which takes into account CPK distribution space, fractional disappearance rate, proportion degraded in myocardium, and proportion released into the circulation, and we have validated the method by measurement of myocardial CPK depletion in the same animals. In the present study, CPK activity (determined spectrophotometrically) and isoenzyme profiles (assayed electrophoretically) were measured in patient serum samples obtained every 2 hours. Infarct size was estimated by mathematical analysis of serial CPK changes utilizing the method previously developed in the conscious dog model. CPK isoenzyme profiles demonstrated prominent anodal bands, absent from normal serum, indicating that enzyme elevations reflected CPK released from heart rather than skeletal muscle. In 19 class I-II survivors (New York Heart Association) estimated infarct size was 31 ± 4 CPK-gram-equivalents (CPK-g-Eq). It was significantly larger ( P &lt; 0.01), 103 ± 14, in nine patients who died and in four class III or IV survivors (91 ± 8). Estimation of cumulative infarct size differentiated patients with electrocardiographic changes and clinical sequelae from complications such as pericarditis from those patients with extension of infarction. Thus, infarct size can be assessed quantitatively in patients with acute myocardial infarction and provide a useful diagnostic and prognostic index based on the extent of myocardial damage.
Cough associated with captopril and enalapril.
Authors: A J Winning, R D Hamilton, A Guz
Journal: BMJ (1987)

require special training before undertaking this service.Again, diabetologists and ophthalmologists are strategically placed to provide education and training for all general practitioners who wish to do this work.If all three issues are addressed there is no reason why the problems of comprehensive shared diabetes care highlighted by Dr Day and col- leagues should not be overcome.This would allow consultant diabetologists to see patients with problems and
Combination of chondroitin sulfate and polyplex micelles from Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly{N’-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl]aspartamide} block copolymer for prolonged in vivo gene transfection with reduced toxicity
Authors: Satoshi Uchida, Keiji Itaka, Qixian Chen, Kensuke Osada, Kanjiro Miyata, Takehiko Ishii, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Pancreatico-pleural Fistula with Chronic Pleural Effusion - Endoscopic-retrograde Visualization and Therapy by Ultrasonically - Guided Drainage
Authors: L. Greiner, P. Prohm
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

In a patient with alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis, a large chronic left-sided pleural effusion persisted after partial pancreatectomy (resection of the pancreatic tail). ERCP outlined a transdiaphragmatic fistula between the duct of the remaining pancreas and the pleural cavity. The effusion was removed by ultrasound-assisted thoracocentesis, and the fistulous canal was obliterated permanently.
NOTES ON ANEURISM.
Authors: WILLIAM OSLER
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>SUMMARY.</h3> Arteriovenous Aneurism of the Subclavian Vessels. The Humming-top Murmur in Thoracic Aneurism. On the Value of the Fluoroscope in the Diagnosis of Obscure Cases of Thoracic Aneurism. On the Importance of Careful Inspection of the Chest in Thoracic Aneurism. <h3>1. ARTERIOVENOUS ANEURISM OF THE SUBCLAVIAN VESSELS.</h3> The elaborate study by Matas, published in the early numbers ofThe Journalthis year, and his analysis of the 15 cases on record, add interest to the following report: <h3>Case 1.—Clinical Summary.</h3> Bullet-wound of the right subclavian artery and vein in January, 1900. Formation of arteriovenous aneurism. Operation not advised. Good health March, 1902. Edward S., aged 29, of Kentucky, was sent to me by Dr. Alderson on April 9, 1900, with the following history: On the night of Jan. 5, 1900, he was shot, receiving four bullets. One entered the left shoulder and is now imbedded in the upper