tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Police uncover large scale organ trafficking in Punjab
Authors: S. Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The police in Amritsar city in Punjab state, northern India, have unearthed what they call “the mother of all scandals in human organ trafficking in India.”

The police have arrested several doctors, middlemen, and donors, including the alleged main player—transplant surgeon Dr Parveen Kumar Sareen, who works for Kakkar Hospital, which is run by a private charitable trust. Also arrested was Dr O P Mahajan, principal of the Government Medical …
Cancer—Attack or Retreat?-Reply
Authors: Peter P. Pekar
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> My first response is to mention that in the reference,<i>An Analysis of Mid-Range Resources Requirements for a National Cancer Program</i>, dated August 1972, it is stated: "This report provides a summary of the assumptions, rationale, references, and calculations used in preparing the National Cancer Program five-year (FY 1974-78) resource projects included in the National Cancer Program Strategic Plan." Since, as it is mentioned here, the report was the foundation of the National Cancer Plan, I submit that this is not an invalid reference. I assume the NCI didn't consider it as such, since Mr. McShulskis signed it and the Associate Director of Program Planning approved it. Also, this publication was distributed to the US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, the NIH, and the NCI. Needless to say, Mr. McShulskis and Mr. Brown have stated that a new revision has been compiled. I would certainly hope that
Clinical Management of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Thomas A. Bruce
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Myocardial infarction is, in essence, the death of a portion of heart muscle. Surrounding this is a portion of injured, but still viable, tissue on which depends the degree of healing and often the clinical course of the patient. As in any injury, the basic goal of therapy is rest; unlike a fractured bone or an inflamed hand, however, the heart cannot be immobilized. The practical goal must therefore be to reduce its work to a minimum by resting the entire patient. Key roles are played by relief of pain, sedation, and environmental control. <h3>Pain.—</h3> As soon as a diagnosis of coronary occlusion seems likely, the immediate task is to control the pain that is almost invariably present. When pain is severe and apprehension is marked, the drug of choice is morphine sulfate. Under less trying conditions, meperidine (Demerol) is preferable because of its less frequent side effects of nausea,
Recurrence of Pulmonary Emphysema in an α-1 Proteinase Inhibitor-deficient Lung Transplant Recipient
Authors: Hervé Mal, Christophe Guignabert, Gabriel Thabut, Marie Pia d'Ortho, Olivier Brugière, Gaëlle Dauriat, Rolana Marrash-Chahla, Anne-Sophie Rangheard, Guy Lesèche, Michel Fournier
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Several types of primary disease may recur after lung transplantation, but recurrence of pulmonary emphysema has so far never been published. We report the case of a 49-year-old white male who underwent single lung transplantation for emphysema related to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and to superimposed smoking. The postoperative course was complicated by several rejection episodes. Subsequently, the patient remained stable without evidence of graft dysfunction for more than 10 years, but he resumed light smoking at 8 years after transplant. At 11 years after transplant, although the patient was still asymptomatic and had a stable lung function, recurrence of emphysema on the grafted side was diagnosed on computerized tomography of the thorax. One year later, the patient began to experience a moderate decline in lung function. Two separate bronchoalveolar lavages performed after the onset of the recurrence disclosed a significant elastolytic activity related to neutrophil serine-elastase in lavage fluid. In summary, we describe a case of recurrence of pulmonary emphysema in a patient with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The resumption of smoking has probably played a central role in the presence of elastolytic activity in lavage fluid and in the recurrence of emphysema.
Older people in queues for surgery might make way for younger people
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

More than a third of elderly people in Britain might be willing give up their place on a heart surgery waiting list for a younger patient, says a new report published in Age and Ageing (2002;31:187-92).

Two groups of people aged 65 and over were asked to imagine that they had a heart condition that required surgery and were on an NHS waiting list and expecting an operation in a month's …
The Male Prepuce
Authors: John M. Foley
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In an unsigned editorial (<i>JAMA</i><b>174</b>: 1852 [Dec. 3] 1960), entitled "Epidemiology of Cancer of the Cervix," the author suggests that present evidence incriminating the prepuce is sufficient to justify a "demand" for immediate action. The exact type of action is not defined, but with over 95% of newborn boys already being routinely circumcised, it is obvious that nothing short of legal compulsion could achieve a higher degree of conformity. There will always be a few parents with enough faith in Nature, or in Nature's God, to reject the idea that the foreskin is just an unfortunate error to be hacked off promptly by our wise obstetricians. For several decades we have established a strict taboo against any objective discussion of circumcision—to question its value has become unthinkable. Some of ourleading pediatricians and urologists privately deplore routine circumcision but hold their peace—the cost in ill-will is too
TREATMENT OF MALARIA WITH ATEBRIN
Authors: E. J. R. MacMahon
Journal: BMJ (1934)

rMECALALR. 477 -whether treated by a short course of quinine or by atebrin-if a relapse does not occur within two months of the primary attack the prognosis is extremely good.In benign tertian malaria this is not the case; never- theless, over 57 per cent. of those who relapse after a primary attack do so within two months of treatment.5. Though atebrin has reduced the liability to relapse in European malaria cases by about 20 per cent., it cannot be said to have fulfilled the somewhat exaggerated claims made for it, but as the precursor of more effective synthetic preparations it is a definite milestone on the road towards the complete eradication of the malaria parasite.I have to thank the State medical and health officer, Perak, Federated Malay States, for permission to publish this paper, and the patients who, by their intelligent co-operation, have made it possible to follow up the results of treatment.
END-RESULTS OF RADIUM TREATMENT OF SKIN CANCER
Authors: ERNEST M. DALAND
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Literature on cancer contains numerous articles on the treatment of isolated cases of skin cancer with radium but few statistics on the results of large numbers of cases. In the handbook recently published by the American Society for the Control of Cancer 1 is found the statement that there are few statistics on the results of treatment of any sort.  In observing cases of skin cancer treated with radium, one notes the rapidity with which the average case responds. The impression is gained that treatment by radium is usually successful. In order to see whether or not we were justified in such impressions, it seemed wise to take account of stock by reviewing a group of cases. All patients with skin cancer entering the Huntington Hospital during the years 1917 and 1918 and treated with radium were studied for end-results. There are 265 cases in the series.  It must be
Abstract B28: Investigation of MGMT methylation patterns in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using a novel allelic methylation-specific PCR pyrosequencing assay
Authors: Lasse Sommer Kristensen, Marianne Bach Treppendahl, Mia Seremet Girkov, Fazila Asmar, Helene Myrtue Nielsen, Tina Kjeldsen, Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Lise Lotte Hansen, Kirsten Grønbæk
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract MGMT is a tumor suppressor gene, which becomes methylated in many different cancers including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methylation of MGMT has been associated with the T-allele of the rs16906252 SNP found in the MGMT promoter. However, allelic MGMT methylation patterns and a possible association with the T-allele of this SNP have not been investigated in DLBCL. Today, standard treatment for DLBCL patients is rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), and methylation of MGMT has been shown to predict chemosensitivity to the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide in the era before rituximab. We developed a novel method for the analysis of allelic MGMT methylation patterns based on pyrosequencing of antisense methylation specific PCR (MSP) products including the rs16906252 SNP. Samples from 148 DLBCL patients, of which 75 received R-CHOP, were studied using this assay. Standard bisulfite pyrosequencing and bisulfite sequencing of single clones were used to confirm data obtained by allelic MSP pyrosequencing. The allelic MSP pyrosequencing assay could reliably analyze allelic methylation patterns in standards of known allelic methylation status even when diluted in unmethylated DNA down to 1.25% methylation. MGMT methylation was observed for 28 patients of which seven were heterozygous. Thus, an association between the T-allele and MGMT methylation was observed (p-value =0.04). Among the seven methylated and heterozygous patients, two were methylated at both alleles, four were methylated only at the T-allele, and one only at the C-allele. Finally, we found no statistical significant associations between MGMT methylation or SNP genotypes with clinical parameters among the R-CHOP treated patients. In conclusion, allelic MSP pyrosequencing is a fast and cost-efficient method for evaluation of allelic methylation patterns, which may have wide implications for locus specific methylation analysis of tumor suppressor genes in future cancer research. Citation Format: Lasse Sommer Kristensen, Marianne Bach Treppendahl, Mia Seremet Girkov, Fazila Asmar, Helene Myrtue Nielsen, Tina Kjeldsen, Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Lise Lotte Hansen, Kirsten Grønbæk. Investigation of MGMT methylation patterns in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using a novel allelic methylation-specific PCR pyrosequencing assay. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B28.
Signaling through the Adaptor Molecule MyD88 in CD4+ T Cells Is Required to Overcome Suppression by Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Dominik Schenten, Simone A. Nish, Shuang Yu, Xiting Yan, Heung Kyu Lee, Igor Brodsky, Lesley Pasman, Brian Yordy, F. Thomas Wunderlich, Jens C. Brüning, Hongyu Zhao, Ruslan Medzhitov
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Long-term randomized controlled trial of a novel nanopowder hemostatic agent (TC-325) for control of severe arterial upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a porcine model
Authors: S. Giday, Y. Kim, D. Krishnamurty, R. Ducharme, D. Liang, E. Shin, X. Dray, D. Hutcheon, K. Moskowitz, G. Donatelli, D. Rueben, M. Canto, P. Okolo, A. Kalloo
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Endoscopic therapy of brisk upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains challenging. A proprietary nanopowder (TC-325) has been proven to be effective in high pressure bleeding from external wounds. The efficacy and safety of TC-325 were assessed in a survival gastrointestinal bleeding animal model.10 animals were randomized to treatment or sham. All animals received intravenous antibiotics, H2-blockers and heparin (activated clotting time 2 × normal). In a sterile laparotomy the gastroepiploic vessels were dissected, inserted through a 1-cm gastrotomy, and freely exposed in the gastric lumen, and the exposed vessel lacerated by needle knife. The treatment group received TC-325 by a modified delivery catheter while the sham group received no endoscopic treatment. Time to hemostasis, and mortality at 60 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days were noted. Necropsy was performed in all animals.Spurting arterial bleeding was achieved in all animals. No control animal showed hemostasis within the first hour compared with 100 % (5 / 5) in the treatment arm (mean 13.8 minutes, P < 0.0079). Durable hemostasis was achieved with no evidence of rebleeding after 1 and 24 hours in 80 % (4 / 5) of the treated animals compared with none in the control group ( P < 0.0098). None of the control animals survived more than 6 hours. Necropsy at 1 week in treated animals revealed healed gastrotomy without foreign body granuloma or embolization to the lung or brain.TC-325 is safe and highly effective in achieving hemostasis in an anticoagulated severe arterial gastrointestinal bleeding animal model.
The Letter From Utrecht
Authors: William H. Mahood
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Letter From Utrecht<sup>1</sup>introduces to the reader some current aspects of health care provision in the Netherlands and proposed changes. While this is an informative and interesting "letter," I must take exception to the conclusion stated in the opening paragraph: "Dutch physicians are obligated by professional, ethical, and cultural standards to provide health care to everyone regardless of ability to pay. As a result, the Netherlands has the second lowest infant mortality rate among democratic countries with large economies." If the definition of "infant mortality" was identical in each country and if the methodology and success in collecting the data were uniform, then the Netherlands should be congratulated on being number two. However, it is a quantum leap to assign such an accomplishment to the professional, ethical, and cultural standards of its physicians (and in so doing, perhaps, imply that the physicians in countries lower
Preventing and treating hepatitis B infection
Authors: Rakesh Aggarwal, Piyush Ranjan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health problem, with approximately 400 million people chronically infected.1 2 Each year it causes more than 500 000 deaths worldwide. Outcome of acute hepatitis B virus infection ranges from asymptomatic subclinical infection (70%) and symptomatic acute hepatitis (30%) to fulminant hepatic failure (0.1-0.5%).3 A proportion of people infected with hepatitis B virus (5%-10% among adults) progress to chronicity, defined as persistence of infection for more than six months.4 The rate of chronicity is much higher among neonates and children. The spectrum of chronic hepatitis B virus infection ranges from the asymptomatic carrier state to chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The clinical course of hepatitis B virus infection is complex and is influenced by several factors (box 1). Overall, chronic hepatitis progresses to end stage liver disease in 15-40% of patients.5 The pathophysiology of chronic hepatitis B virus infection has been reviewed elsewhere.6

The magnitude and clinical consequences of chronic hepatitis B make a strong case for its prevention and treatment. This review, based on a Medline search and the authors' knowledge arising from their interest in the subject, summarises current knowledge about these aspects of hepatitis B virus infection.

Several strategies have been shown to prevent hepatitis B virus infection (box 2). Vaccination is the mainstay of prevention. Specific hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) and lamivudine are useful in specific settings.

### Box 1: Factors influencing outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Viral factors:

Host factors:

### Box 2: Prevention strategies for hepatitis B

Hepatitis B vaccination:

Screening of blood and blood products

Using universal precautions in healthcare settings

Avoiding needle sharing among injecting drug users

Promoting safe sex …
MicroRNA profiling during mouse ventricular maturation: a role for miR-27 modulating Mef2c expression
Authors: Ana Chinchilla, Estefania Lozano, Houria Daimi, Francisco J. Esteban, Colin Crist, Amelia E. Aranega, Diego Franco
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Non-coding RNA has been recently demonstrated to be a novel mechanism for modulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The importance of microRNAs in the cardiovascular system is now apparent. Mutations of distinct microRNAs have provided evidence for fundamental roles of microRNAs during cardiovascular development. However, there is limited information about global microRNA profiles during mouse heart development. In this study, we have gained insight from the expression profiles of microRNAs during mouse ventricular development by microarray and qRT-PCR analysis. Our microarray analysis reveals that relatively few microRNAs display either increasing or decreasing expression profiles during ventricular chamber formation. Interestingly, most of the differentially expressed microRNAs display a rather discrete peak of expression at particular developmental stages. Furthermore, we demonstrate that microRNA-27b (miR-27b) displays an overt myocardial expression during heart development and that the transcription factor-encoding gene Mef2c is an miR-27b target. Our data present a comprehensive profile of microRNA expression during ventricular maturation, providing an entry point for investigation of the functional roles of the most abundantly and differentially expressed microRNAs during cardiogenesis.
Douglas Kirkwood Stevenson
Authors: R Rowan Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

of medicine at Oxford, Emory, Yale, and Washington, who discovered the pathology of fever in infections and advocated death with dignity At the height of the brain drain, when Britain was haemorrhaging researchers to the United States, Paul Beeson left a chair of medicine at Yale to become Nuffield professor of medicine at Oxford.He reformed the curriculum, edited two textbooks and the Oxford Companion to Medicine, and laid the foundations for Oxford's pre-eminence in infectious diseases.He was awarded an honorary KBE.Beeson inspired generations of students with his concern for patients.He showed that hepatitis could be transmitted by blood transfusion, and brought new insights into the causes of high persistent fevers.He also discovered the cytokine interleukin-1.During the second world war he was one of the volunteer US doctors who staffed Harvard Hospital in Salisbury.He was professor of medicine at three US universities: Emory, Yale, and Washington.Although he started as a conservative who intended to follow a career in private practice, he ended as a liberal concerned with the uninsured and old, medical ethics, and the medical consequences of nuclear warfare.Professor John Stein of Oxford University told the BMJ, "Paul Beeson was a wonderful clinician, and incredibly kind to young people like me."Paul Beeson was born in rural Montana, United States, and brought up in Anchorage, Alaska, where
THE NERVOUS RECTUM
Authors: WILLIAM GOODELL
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NHS publishes survival rates for common operations for individual hospitals
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The NHS is publishing survival rates for four common surgical procedures for each hospital trust in England as part of efforts to provide information for patients when they are choosing where they want to be treated, it was announced this week.

The figures for elective and emergency abdominal aortic aneurysms, hip replacements, and knee replacements have been posted on the NHS Choices website (www.nhs.uk).

The data are published as part of a “hospital scorecard,” which will allow patients to compare different hospitals for a range of clinical and non-clinical measures, such as survival, length of hospital stay, and rates of meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

For example, for hip replacements data are given for survival rate (compared with that expected for the types …
Possible Mechanism of Hemostasis Effected by Electrocoagulation
Authors: P. Wara, V. Berg, N.O. Jacobsen, C. Casalnuovo, E. Amdrup
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

Forty acute gastric ulcers were created in 10 rabbits. The bleeding was controlled by monopolar electrocoagulation in 20 ulcers, the remaining ulcers were left untreated as controls. Spontaneous intravascular thrombosis was precluded by heparinization. A histological assessment in the acute stage revealed significant morphological alterations in electrocoagulated ulcers, with fibrin deposition, decreased tissue stainability and swelling of the vessel walls, indicating heat-induced damage including cells of the vessel walls. An intravascular occlusive fibrin thrombosis demonstrated in all coagulated ulcers is suggested to be the probable mechanism of hemostasis.
Up-regulation of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in classical but not in lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin disease correlates with distinct dissemination of neoplastic cells in lymphoid organs
Authors: Uta E. Höpken, Hans-Dieter Foss, Dagmar Meyer, Michael Hinz, Korinna Leder, Harald Stein, Martin Lipp
Journal: Blood (2002)
APPEARANCE OF ISOAGGLUTININS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN
Authors: W. M. Happ
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

1. The isoagglutination reaction of 131 infants and children from birth to 10(1/2) years was examined by testing their serum and washed corpuscles microscopically against the serum and corpuscles of each of the four adult groups. 2. The grouping as present in adults is rarely present in blood from the umbilical cord. 3. At birth and during the 1st month of life isoagglutination is rarely present, but the percentage of infants in whom the isoagglutinin group is established increases with age, so that after 1 year the group is usually established, and after 2 years is always present as in adults. 4. The grouping is established in the corpuscles before it is established in the serum; i.e., the corpuscles acquire agglutinophilic receptors before the serum acquires agglutinin. Therefore, Group I is the first group to be formed and Group IV is the last. 5. The early grouping in the corpuscles before the group is established in the serum is liable to change by the acquisition of new receptors. 6. When the grouping has been established in both serum and corpuscles it does not change. 7. Isoagglutinins are present in mother's milk and the grouping is identical with that in the mother's blood. These agglutinins are probably not transmitted to the nursing infant through the milk. 8. On account of the differences between the agglutination reactions in the blood of mother and child it is not safe to transfuse an infant from its mother without making the preliminary tests.