tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contact urticaria from protein hydrolysates in hair conditioners
Authors: A. Niinimäki, M. Niinimäki, S. Mäkinen‐Kiljunen, M. Hannuksela
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Protein hydrolysates (PHs) are added to hair‐care products (to “repair” broken hair), soaps, bath gels, creams, etc. From one to 22 PHs used in hair‐care products (collagen, keratin, elastin, milk, wheat, almond, and silk) were tested in three patient groups: A) 11 hairdressers with hand dermatitis B) 2160 consecutive adults with suspected allergic respiratory disease subjected to routine skin prick tests C) 28 adults with atopic dermatitis. In group A, all the 22 PHs were tested with scratch and patch tests. In groups B and C, one to three PHs were tested with prick tests. Positive scratch/prick test reactions were seen in 12 patients from three PHs altogether. All were women with atopic dermatitis, and all reacted to at least hydroxypropyl trimonium hydroly:ed collagen (Crotein Q”). In three patients, prick and open tests with a hair conditioner containing Crotein Q were performed with positive results. One patient reported contact urticaria on her hands, and two reported acute urticaria on their head, face, and upper body from a hair conditioner containing Crotein Q. In seven of the eight studied sera, specific IgE to Crotein Q was detected. In conclusion, PHs of hair cosmetics can cause contact urticaria, especially in patients with atopic dermatitis.
An assay that may predict the development of <scp>I</scp>g<scp>G</scp> enhancing allergen‐specific <scp>I</scp>g<scp>E</scp> binding during birch immunotherapy
Authors: R. Selb, J. Eckl‐Dorna, S. Vrtala, R. Valenta, V. Niederberger
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background It has been shown that birch pollen immunotherapy can induce IgG antibodies which enhance IgE binding to Bet v 1. We aimed to develop a serological assay to predict the development of antibodies which enhance IgE binding to Bet v 1 during immunotherapy. Methods In 18 patients treated by Bet v 1‐fragment‐specific immunotherapy, the effects of IgG antibodies specific for the fragments on the binding of IgE antibodies to Bet v 1 were measured by ELISA. Blocking and possible enhancing effects on IgE binding were compared with skin sensitivity to Bet v 1 after treatment. Results We found that fragment‐specific IgG enhanced IgE binding to Bet v 1 in two patients who also showed an increase of skin sensitivity to Bet v 1. Conclusion Our results indicate that it may be possible to develop serological tests which predict the induction of unfavourable IgG antibodies enhancing the binding of IgE to Bet v 1 during immunotherapy.
Intrinsic Transgene Immunogenicity Gears CD8+ T-cell Priming After rAAV-Mediated Muscle Gene Transfer
Authors: Maxime Carpentier, Stéphanie Lorain, Pascal Chappert, Mélanie Lalfer, Romain Hardet, Dominique Urbain, Cécile Peccate, Sahil Adriouch, Luis Garcia, Jean Davoust, David-Alexandre Gross
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Antitransgene CD8(+) T-cell responses are an important hurdle after recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-mediated gene transfer. Indeed, depending on the mutational genotype of the host, transgene amino-acid sequences of foreign origin can elicit deleterious cellular and humoral responses. We compared here two different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I epitopes of an engineered ovalbumin transgene delivered in muscle tissue by rAAV1 vector and found very different strength of CD8 responses, muscle destruction being correlated with the course of the immunodominant response. We further demonstrate that robust CD8(+) T-cell priming can occur through the cross-presentation pathway but requires the presence of either a strong MHC class II epitope or antibodies to the transgene product. Finally, manipulating transgene subcellular localization, we found that provided we avoid transgene expression in antigen presenting cells, the poorly accessible cytosolic form of ovalbumin transgene lacking strong MHC II epitope, evades CD8(+) T-cell priming and remains permanently expressed in muscle with no immune cell infiltration. Our results demonstrate that the intrinsic immunogenicity of transgenes delivered with rAAV vector in muscle can be manipulated in a rational manner to avoid adverse immune responses.
Fertility Disturbances in Men and Women: A Textbook With Special Reference to Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Robert W. Kistner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This comprehensive textbook embodies 45 chapters written by 35 internationally renowed experts. Sixteen of the chapters have been written by the editor, Prof C. A. Joël of the Institute for Research and Treatment of Infertility at the University of Tel Aviv. The book is divided into two equal parts. Part 1, "Fertility Disturbances in Men," includes a detailed account of research on spermatozoa from antiquity to the present; the embryology, anatomy, and histology of the male sexual organs; physiology of the male gonads; and the etiology of male infertility. Although 47 pages are allocated to the historical review, the latter two chapters seem unusually brief, receiving only nine pages. The section on diagnostic procedures is complete, concise, and practical. Part 1 also includes well-written chapters on chromosomal aberrations and immunological factors affecting male infertility. The section on therapy includes both hormonal and surgical approaches. The hormonal regimens are those of
The impact of limited bedside echocardiography in an acute clinical setting by noncardiology personnel with compact systems
Authors: Lori B. Croft, Hoskote Nagaraj, Anthony Manasia, Ernest Benjamin, John Oropello, Tom Dorantes, Ben Cohen, Shilpa Harrish, Matthew Stanizzi, Martin E. Goldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Hidden Histories of Science
Authors: W. Foulkes
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Edited by Robert B Silvers New York Review Books, $19.95, pp 193 ISBN 0 940322 03 X

From Humphry Davy's farewell letter to Samuel Coleridge of 1804 (on the poet's departure for Malta), it is clear that they were close friends. Their correspondence makes plain their joint interest in chemistry and poetry: the word “science” was not widely used at that time and both Davy and Coleridge could be said to be investigating nature. Increasingly since then, science and art seem to have diverged, such that the discourse of the practitioners of one may be quite unintelligible to the other. The New York Review of …
The Effect of Clinical Pharmacy Services on Patients with Essential Hypertension
Authors: JAMES M. McKENNEY, JUDITH M. SLINING, H. RICHARD HENDERSON, DOUGLAS DEVINS, MARTIN BARR
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The effect of clinical services provided by a pharmacist to 25 study patients with essential hypertension was evaluated and compared to the course followed by 25 control hypertensive patients not receiving these services. Results show a significant improvement ( P &lt; 0.001) in the study patients' knowledge of hypertension and its treatment, a significant increase ( P &lt; 0.001) in the number of study patients who complied with prescribed therapy, and a significant increase ( P &lt; 0.001) in the number of study patients whose blood pressures were kept within the normal range during the study period. Most of these study patients had been hypertensive and noncompliant before, and they reverted to this status after the study period. The 25 control patients were hypertensive and noncompliant before, during, and after the study period. Fifty-nine incidents of suspected adverse reactions to antihypertensive drugs were identified in the study patients, occurring more frequently in those patients who were noncompliant, hypertensive, or taking progressively larger numbers of antihypertensive drugs. Patients were receptive to this service and kept appointments with the pharmacist investigator 92% of the time. The services provided which may have contributed to the success of treatment are discussed. It is concluded that pharmacy clinical services are beneficial and that pharmacists should become more involved in the long term care given hypertensive patients.
Bronchopulmonary Geotrichosis in the Compromised Host.
Authors: Ronald Fishbach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Bronchopulmonary Geotrichosis in the Compromised Host.Ronald Fishbach, M.D., Sydney Finegold, M.D., F.A.C.P.Ronald Fishbach, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Sydney Finegold, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-872_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGeotrichum candidum, a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus, is an infrequently recognized opportunistic invader. Three cases of bronchopulmonary geotrichosis were seen in a 3-month period, suggesting that such infections may be commoner than previously appreciated. A 54-year-old white man with rheumatic heart disease, congestive heart failure, and bronchopneumonia was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although bacteria were eradicated, pure cultures ofG. candidumwere obtained from tracheal aspirates and pleural fluid. Despite therapy with intravenous sodium iodide, the patient died. Sections of the lung showed aggregates of buddingGeotrichumin microabscesses throughout both lungs. A 62-year-old negro man who was being given azathioprine... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 872-872KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaCardiovascular therapyHeart failureLungsPneumoniaSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Vitrification of intact human articular cartilage
Authors: Nadr M. Jomha, Janet A.W. Elliott, Garson K. Law, Babak Maghdoori, J. Fraser Forbes, Alireza Abazari, Adetola B. Adesida, Leila Laouar, Xianpei Zhou, Locksley E. McGann
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
BÁRÁNY CHAIR TESTS AND FLYING ABILITY
Authors: V. A. Chapman
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —I have watched with much interest the process of determining who are and who are not fit for the aviation service: what makes for and what against, a good aviator.  Unquestionably the aviator must be high in equilibration efficiency, and, no doubt, the semicircular canals have much to do with this, as do also the eyes.  It is my belief, however, that there is a certain something aside from both of these that is very important which we do not grasp at present—a certain sense of direction as well as equilibration, of which some individuals are more possessed than others, and which is susceptible to a high state of cultivation—the sense by which he who possesses it may return from a long ramble in strange forests or mountains and sit down and draw a very true map of the course he has taken; or at the end
Dietary protein and progression of chronic renal disease
Authors: N P Mallick
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Healthy people rightly consider food for its culinary rather than its biochemical value. With the present state of knowledge, only broad guidelines are appropriate as to what constitutes a healthy diet. In some conditions, however, diet can be critically important to health. This imposes a considerable strain on patients and their families, and maintaining a stringent dietary regimen for a long time is notoriously difficult.

Suggestions from animal studies that restricting dietary protein might slow or abort a steady fall in the glomerular filtration rate aroused much interest in those managing potentially progressive renal disease.1,2 After these early reports several small but disciplined studies of the value of restricting protein intake in humans were published, and these were subjected to a meta-analysis reported in this journal.3 The authors concluded that the evidence strongly supported the effectiveness of low protein diets in delaying the onset of end stage renal disease, and the need for a large prospective trial was recognised. Such a trial has now been published4; it found little evidence that rigorous protein restriction slows the progression of renal disease in humans.

The modification of diet in renal diseases study reported that no significant benefit followed dietary intakes of …
A5.24 Neutrophil Granulocytes Respond to Surface-Bound Immune Complexes Containing Anti-Type II Collagen Antibodies from RA Patients
Authors: Vivek Anand Manivel, Mohammed Mullazehi, Azita Sohrabian, Barbro Persson, Amir Elshafie, Efstathios Kavvadas, Johan Rönnelid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> We have earlier shown that surface-bound immune complexes containing anti-type II collagen antibodies (anti-CII IC) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and anti-CII IC stimulate monocyte proinflammatory cytokine production, associated with an acute onset RA phenotype. Anti-CII IC in joint cartilage are exposed to cells in the synovial fluid (SF). Neutrophil granulocytes are the major cell type in SF, where they co-localise with mononuclear cells (MNC). The objective was to investigate whether also granulocytes respond to anti-CII IC, and whether such a response was dependent on interaction with other cells in SF. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> An anti-CII RA serum together with human native collagen (CII) was used to create surface-bound anti-CII IC. Heparinised blood from 8 healthy donors was separated into neutrophil granulocytes (&gt;95% purity) and MNC. For each donor, the granulocyte cell fractions as well as co-cultures (granulocytes + MNC) (0.5 × 10E6/ml of each cell fraction) was cultured on anti-CII IC as well as on negative control IC prepared with normal human serum on CII and in a positive control IC system with purified IgG coated onto plastic. After 18 hours, cells were harvested for the measurement of CD11b, CD66b, CD16 and CD32 on granulocytes by flow cytometry, and supernatant levels of TNF and IL-8 was measured by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> In granulocyte cultures both anti-CII IC and control IC induced significant up-regulation of CD11b and CD66b, and significant down-regulation of CD16 and CD32. When the granulocytes were co-cultured with MNC, there was a significant increase in CD11b up-regulation and CD16 down-regulation than granulocytes, with no effect on CD32 and CD66b. In the co-culture system, the anti-CII IC-induced production of IL-8 was significantly increased, but no such difference was noted for TNF. Isolated granulocyte fractions produced very low levels of TNF and IL-8 after IC stimulation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Isolated granulocytes respond to RA anti-CII IC in a model system mimicking IC in RA cartilage. The granulocyte responses depend on interaction with MNC. Our anti-CII dependent RA phenotype is a human counterpart to collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Strong granulocyte reactivity to anti-CII IC might therefore be related to the Ncf1 gene involved in NADPH activity important in collagen-induced arthritis models.
Cultured endothelial cells synthesize both platelet-activating factor and prostacyclin in response to histamine, bradykinin, and adenosine triphosphate.
Authors: T M McIntyre, G A Zimmerman, K Satoh, S M Prescott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Cultured human endothelial cells synthesize prostacyclin (PGI2), a potent inhibitor of platelet function, when stimulated with histamine, bradykinin, or ATP. Paradoxically, we report that these agonists also induced the rapid and sustained synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF) by endothelial cells. In fact, the synthesis of this potent activator of platelets and neutrophils was induced by stimulation of the same receptor subtype that induced PGI2 synthesis: stimulation of a histamine H1 or a bradykinin B2 receptor induced both PAF and PGI2 synthesis. However, two physiologically important differences exist between the production of PAF and PGI2 by endothelial cells. The synthesis of PGI2 proceeded for only 7.5 min before the abrupt termination of synthesis, whereas the synthesis of PAF was clearly detectable even 45 min after stimulation. Although maximal accumulation of PAF occurred after 10-15 min of stimulation, the prolonged synthesis resulted in the presence of PAF for up to 1 h after stimulation. Secondly, whereas PGI2 was released from the cell monolayer, PAF remained cell-associated without significant release to the external medium. Endothelial cell-generated PAF, therefore, does not function as a hormone. The prolonged association of this potent activator of platelets and neutrophils with endothelial cells may mediate some of the inflammatory properties of histamine and bradykinin. It may also be a factor in the formation of a thrombogenic vascular surface, an event suggested to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and atherosclerosis.
Double Pylorus and Esophageal Achalasia
Authors: A. Jorge, M. Díaz
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

29 cases of double pylorus have been reported so far. It is thought that in 85% of the cases it has been due to a fistulous gastro-duodenal ulcer and the remaining 15% would be of a congenital origin. In the case we have reported the double pylorus is believed to be a congenital anomaly associated with a mega-esophagus of similar etiology.
Licorice Poisoning, Pseudoaldosteronism, and Heart Failure
Authors: Thomas J. Chamberlain
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  The curious syndrome of pseudoaldosteronism caused by excessive licorice ingestion usually causes muscle weakness, hypertension, and paresis. The following case is unusual in that a previously healthy patient presented in fulminant congestive heart failure (CHF) after ingesting large quantities of licorice for one week.  Report of a Case.—  A 53-year-old man suffered shortness of breath, ankle edema, increasing abdominal girth, weight gain, headache, and weakness for one week. On the eve of his admission he sat in a chair all night, unable to sleep lying down. He had been in excellent health, was taking no medications, and had never been previously hospitalized. He had always been a heavy salt and water user. He had eaten 700 gm of licorice candy beginning nine days earlier, having consumed the last piece one day prior to admission.  Physical examination revealed a well-developed man in moderate respiratory distress. The neck veins
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACUTE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO EXPERIMENTAL CUTANEOUS MUCORMYCOSIS IN NORMAL AND DIABETIC RABBITS
Authors: Walter H. Sheldon, Heinz Bauer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

The histologic changes associated with the development of the acute inflammatory response to experimental cutaneous mucormycosis were studied at various times from 5 minutes to 24 hours after inoculation into normal rabbits and in rabbits with acute alloxan diabetes and acidosis. In normal animals the response by polymorphonuclear leukocytes began within a few minutes after inoculation, increased rapidly in extent and intensity and reached its peak within 6 to 12 hours. By that time there was also early proliferation of fibroblasts and of large mononuclear cells and these cellular reactions, together with the accumulated granulocytes, began to produce a demarcation of the lesions. Beginning 4 to 6 hours after inoculation the fungus showed some growth but this remained confined to the necrotic center of the lesions. In the diabetic rabbits the onset of the response by polymorphonuclear leukocytes was delayed by several hours, reduced in intensity and was apparently less effective. There was no proliferation of fibroblasts and the lesions were spreading rather than circumscribed. Fungus growth in the tissues began shortly after inoculation, was marked, progressed rapidly, and soon extended beyond the site of inoculation. The large mononuclear cells, however, appeared at about the same time and in equal number in the lesions of both diabetic and non-diabetic animals and showed no morphologic changes. It is concluded that a significant delay and impaired effectiveness of the response by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, a lack of fibroblastic proliferation and an enhanced growth of the fungus lower host resistance to infection with it and are directly consequent on severe alterations in host metabolism.
Melanoma in Britain and British Columbia
Authors: K S Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

As a result the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain issued a statement to pharmacists last April, saying that all dispensed oral liquid medicines should be supplied in a child resistant container from 1 January next year.As supplies of these bottles and caps become available during this year they will begin to be used by pharmacists.Discussions are currently taking place between the society and the pharmaceutical industry about the use of child resistant containers for original pack oral liquid medicines; it is hoped that the containers will be used for these by 1 January 1996.
COMBINED DRUG TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS. IV. BACTERIOLOGIC STUDIES ON THE SPUTUM AND RESECTED PULMONARY LESIONS OF TUBERCULOUS PATIENTS
Authors: Angeline D. Heaton, William F. Russell, John Denst, Gardner Middlebrook
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1959)

The altered response to antituberculous agents of both the tubercle bacilli cultured from the sputum and from excised pulmonary lesions dur- ing and after therapy with these drugs has aroused the interest of the bacteriologist, the pathologist and the clinician.Therefore, many studies of this problem based upon clinical material subjected to wide varieties of drug-treatment regimens have been reported.These investigations have indi- cated that a significant proportion of clinically in- active lesions resected from drug-treated, sputum- negative patients still contain viable tubercle bacilli (1-7).For this reason surgical excision of roentgenographically demonstrable residual lesions is widely practiced.The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison of the preoperative and postoperative sputum results, including drug-susceptibility test- ing, with similar bacteriologic studies carried out on the specimens of pulmonary tissue removed at surgery from 220 tuberculous patients.These bacteriologic findings have also been correlated with the drug-treatment regimens used at Na- tional Jewish Hospital before and after October 1, 1954, including the results of bacteriologic ex- amination of resected pulmonary lesions from 37 patients who had been originally treated with the high dosage combined-drug regimen described in the third paper of this series (8). MATERIAL AND METHODSA. Examination of sputum.Digestion of the sputum (10 ml. or less) was performed by addition of "activated pangestin" 1 (Difco), 1.0 ml., and sodium bicarbonate 10 1 Pangestin (Difco) is activated in the following man- ner: Dissolve-suspend one part of "pangestin" in 25 parts of distilled water; centrifuge at high speed in the angle per cent, 1.0 ml.The specimen was diluted with distilled water to 20 ml., and incubated in a water bath at 400 C. for 30 minutes.Following this, "activated pangestin," 1.0 ml., was again added and the specimen reincubated in the same manner after dilution with distilled water to about 45 ml.; the specimen was centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 30 minutes.The supernatant fluid was discarded, and a smear of the concentrate was made and stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique.Two hundred oil immersion fields were examined for acid-fast rods.Specimens were divided into three groups according to 'the number of acid-fast rods (AFB) seen per oil im-