tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE RESULTS OF DIATHERMY IN PELVIC INFECTIONS
Authors: THOMAS H. CHERRY
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The favorable results reported by Corbus, from the use of diathermy in the treatment of gonorrheal urethritis and endocervicitis, encouraged me to investigate its feasibility as a therapeutic agent in intrapelvic infections of the female. If satisfactory results could be obtained in urethritis and endocervicitis, it seemed logical to expect that it might prove equally efficient in adnexal disease of gonorrheal origin. The principle on which the germicidal influence of diathermy depends in gonococcal infections is the generation of heat in the tissues, sufficient to destroy the vitality of the bacteria. It is a well known fact that the gonococcus dies after an exposure for ten minutes to 42 C., and whatever success diathermy has achieved in the treatment of this type of infection is due to this biologic alteration. It may be said, by way of explanation, that diathermy is the application to the body of an electrical high
Should There Be a National Licensing System for Medical Graduates?
Authors: Henry R. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This question has been asked with great frequency recently, usually by physicians barred from professional  opportunities in the popular retirement states and by foreign medical graduates who want the same freedom of mobility as US medical school graduates. To these physicians, state-by-state licensure is incongruous with a rapid-pace, mobile society where local issues are promptly aired by the national press and readily discussed in the halls of Congress.  Historically, the American Medical Association has supported the present state system of medical licensure. However, each time that it has done so, a positive statement was made urging the states and their medical boards to make their laws, regulations, and rules for qualification as uniform as possible. In December 1971, the AMA House of Delegates instructed its Council on Health Manpower to organize a committee and seek support for research aimed at effecting greater uniformity among state boards of medical licensure.
The Patient, Death, and the Family
Authors: Nancy C. Andreasen
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ABSTRACT Since Kubler-Ross drew popular attention to psychological and ethical issues in  management of dying patients, a flood of books and articles on  subject has appeared. This book is one of  better ones. It grew from a conference on  management of dying patients at  University of Rochester College of Medicine, a school that has a strong tradition for producing thoughtful studies in psychosomatic medicine. The contributors come from a variety of backgrounds, and they give an unusual richness. Playwright Robert Anderson writes a moving autobiographical account of his responses to his wife's lingering illness and death. Psychohistorian Robert Jay Lifton has a conceptually fuzzy but interesting essay on man's need for a sense of transcendence and immortality. Clergyman Nathaniel Whitcomb writes briefly about ethical issues such as the right to die. Psychiatrist George Engel describes clinical signs of giving up among  grieving and  dying,
Hepatic mTORC2 Activates Glycolysis and Lipogenesis through Akt, Glucokinase, and SREBP1c
Authors: Asami Hagiwara, Marion Cornu, Nadine Cybulski, Pazit Polak, Charles Betz, Francesca Trapani, Luigi Terracciano, Markus H. Heim, Markus A. Rüegg, Michael N. Hall
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
Updated Hodgkin's disease. C. Advanced disease and special problems. Combined chemotherapy-radiotherapy program
Authors: L. M. Fuller
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Hodgkin's disease programs designed to treat patients with stage IIIA disease with radiotherapy, and patients with stage IIIB disease with chemotherapy, deprive both categories of a possible additive effect from the other treatment modality. A desirable goal for combined treatment programs would be optimal chemotherapy for sterilization of extranodal foci, and radical radiotherapy for control of gross disease. Because of limitations of the peripheral blood cell counts even in splenectomized patients,<sup>25</sup>chemotherapy-radiotherapy studies should be initiated with considerable caution. To insure definitive treatment with radiotherapy, some compromise in the number of preliminary courses of chemotherapy is acceptable initially. Initial experience with a combined treatment program was based on the results of the COP regimen, ie, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), vincristine sulfate (Oncovin), prednisone (Deltasone), in the treatment of stages III and IV Hodgkin's disease.<sup>20</sup>Our plan was to administer one course of cyclophosphamide intravenously (20 mg/ kg of body weight)
Clinical utility and implications of asparaginase antibodies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Liu C, Kawedia Jd, Cheng C, Pei D, Fernandez Ca, Cai X, Crews Kr, Kaste Sc, Panetta Jc, Bowman Wp, Jeha S, Sandlund Jt, Evans We, Pui Ch, Relling Mv
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Radiation Therapy of Midline Granuloma
Authors: ANTHONY S. FAUCI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

During a 15-year period, 10 patients with well-documented midline granuloma were treated with high-dose, deep local irradiation and followed for extended periods of time. Long-term remissions were achieved in 7 patients, with a mean (± SEM) survival postirradiation of 7.4 (± 1.4) years in the 6 patients still alive. True midline granuloma, which is a localized, destructive, inflammatory process of the upper airways, can be distinguished from Wegener's granulomatosis and neoplasms of the upper respiratory tract by several clinicopathologic criteria. The cause of midline granuloma is unknown, but it most likely represents an abnormal accelerated hypersensitivity reaction to an unknown antigen(s). Although serious complications of high-dose local irradiation to the upper airways can occur, the risk is warranted because of the high, long-term remission rate in this previously uniformly fatal disease.
Out of the Wastebasket
Authors: JULIUS R. KREVANS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

Editorials1 April 1963Out of the WastebasketJULIUS R. KREVANS, M.D., F.A.C.P.JULIUS R. KREVANS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-701 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTuesdayBeen examining the great waterfall. It is the finest thing on the estate, I think. The new creature calls it Niagara Falls—why, I am sure I do not know. Says it looks like Niagara Falls. . . . The new creature names everything that comes along, before I can get in a protest. And always that same pretext is offered—it looks like the thing.—Extracts from Adam's Diary, The Private Life of Adam and Eve (1)Classifications of clinical disease are at first crude, then, as knowledge accumulates, they are refined and made more useful. The categories become less...References1. TWAIN M: The Private Life of Adam and Eve, Harper and Brothers, New York, 1905. Google Scholar2. VALENTINETANAKAMIWA WHKRS: A specific erythrocyte glycolytic enzyme defect (pyruvate kinase) in three subjects with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Trans. Ass. Amer. Physicians 74: 100, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. SELWYNDACIE JGJV: Autohemolysis and other changes resulting from the incubation in vitro of red cells from patients with congenital hemolytic anemia. Blood 9: 414, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MARKSGROSS PART: Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: evidence of differences between Negroes and Caucasians with respect to this genetically determined trait. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 2253, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SHAHIDIDIAMOND NTLK: Enzyme deficiency in erythrocytes in congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Pediatrics 24: 245, 1959. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. ZINKHAMLEONARD WHRE: Observations on the significance of primaquine-sensitive erythrocytes in patients with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 98: 443, 1959. Google Scholar7. BOYERPORTERWEILBACHER SHIHRG: Electrophoretic heterogeneity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and its relationship to enzyme deficiency in man. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 48: 1868, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMolecular Structure, Biology, and Genetics of PrionsPrions and Neurodegenerative DiseasesErthrocyte Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency a Pharmacogenetic Prototype 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 701-702KeywordsFalls Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SWINE MODEL PREDICTS ANTIRESTENOTIC EFFICACY OF CORONARY DRUG COATED BALLOONS: CONTINUED VALIDATION OF CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF THE LARGE ANIMAL MODEL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Carlos A. Gongora, Armando Tellez, Yanping Cheng, Krzysztof Milewski, Masahiko Shibuya, Gerard Conditt, Jose A. Narvaez, Serge Rousselle, Juan Granada, Greg Kaluza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Changes in Medical Education
Authors: Charles L. Votaw
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter by Maurice B. Visscher (229:22, 1974) reported a survey of 248 heads of departments of medicine, pediatrics, and surgery. The bases of sampling are evidently the opinion of the author. It is difficult to accept a conclusion, as in the next to the last paragraph, that "the overwhelming reasons for the decrease in instructor satisfaction are...." The instructors were not surveyed; chairmen were. The chairmen represent a small sample of the total number of instructors within the medical school. One might also suspect that this is a biased sample. The table that accompanies the letter has been determined by percent responses. However, the basis for determining the percent varies considerably column to column. Thus, the 89% emphasized in the third paragraph actually represents 22 responses or a true 10% of respondents. This alters the perception considerably. Obviously, the 89% has been so derived to be
Phosphate Incorporation during Glycogen Synthesis and Lafora Disease
Authors: Vincent S. Tagliabracci, Christian Heiss, Chandra Karthik, Christopher J. Contreras, John Glushka, Mayumi Ishihara, Parastoo Azadi, Thomas D. Hurley, Anna A. DePaoli-Roach, Peter J. Roach
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Endoscopic Treatment of Bleeding Duodenal Varices by Bucrylate Injection
Authors: G. Benedetti, R. Sablich, T. Lacchin, A. Masiero
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

See also: Sclerotherapy of a Bleeding Duodenal VarixEndoscopy 1982; 14(05): 187-189DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021618
ARGENTAFFIN TUMOR (CARCINOID) OF THE RECTAL COLON
Authors: Alexander Brunschwig
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Carcinoid tumors of the appendix and small intestine have been repeatedly described in the literature.<sup>1</sup>It is generally conceded that these neoplasms arise from the so-called argentaffin cells present in the mucosa.<sup>2</sup>Argentaffin cells are also normally present in the stomach and colon.<sup>3</sup>As the name implies, these cells, and the carcinoids derived from them, contain cytoplasmic granules capable of reducing ammoniacal silver solutions. This is the cardinal differentiation between true carcinomas and carcinoid tumors. A review of the literature failed to disclose reports of carcinoid tumors in the stomach. Two cases of carcinoid tumor of the colon were reported by Saltikow:<sup>4</sup>one in the sigmoid and one in the anterior wall of the rectal colon. These were reported before the argentaffin nature of carcinoid tumor cells was recognized (Gosset and Masson<sup>2</sup>); and although Saltikow's illustrations strongly suggest the carcinoid nature of the neoplasms, their
Letter Regarding Article by Ferriera et al, “Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia Increases Circulating Levels of Endothelial Cell Microparticles”
Authors: Dario Giugliano, Raffaele Marfella, Katherine Esposito
Journal: Circulation (2005)

We read with great interest the article by Ferriera et al 1 reporting a significant elevation of circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) strictly correlated with postmeal increase in serum triglycerides in healthy normolipidemic subjects after a single high-fat meal.The results of the study add to the long list of previous research demonstrating impairment of endothelial functions after a single high-fat meal in otherwise healthy subjects.Some aspects of this work deserve further comment.The authors' statement about the calculated source of energy from fat (19%) in the high-fat meal is obviously wrong.Fifty grams of fat gives much more than 19% of energy if related to the total amount of the 900 energy units of the meal; a high-fat meal must contain at least 50% of energy from fat.The authors do not address in full the issue of whether the release of EMP represents a cause or a consequence of endothelial dysfunction.In this context, we have shown that a single high-fat meal in healthy subjects produced endothelial activation as demonstrated by increased concentrations of soluble forms of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. 2 As the expression of numerous adhesion molecules is upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines, 3 the parallel increase in circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-␣ and interleukin-6 seen after a high-fat meal in our subjects may have induced endothelial activation.We have also shown a relationship between changes in serum triglycerides and changes in tumor necrosis factor-␣ (rϭ0.39,PϽ0.01) and VCAM-1 (rϭ0.25,PϽ0.05).The authors do not disclose the mechanism whereby postprandial hypertriglyceridemia leads to increased levels of EMPs.In our study, pretreatment with antioxidant vitamin supplements normalized endothelial activation after the high-fat meal, suggesting that an oxidative mechanism mediated the effect of the high-fat meal on cytokine and adhesion molecule levels.This hypothesis was strengthened by the observation that another structurally unrelated antioxidant (eg, glutathione) prevents the increased ICAM-1 levels seen after postprandial hyperglycemia in humans. 4Thus, it would be interesting to know whether the increase in EMP levels after the high-fat meal is prevented by antioxidants.
Dexpanthenol in Postoperative Ileus
Authors: Jerome T. Fishgold
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article on "The Role of Dexpanthenol in Postoperative Ileus" (The Journal<b>181</b>:827 [Sept 8] 1962) is such an informative and valuable contribution that I hasten to congratulate you on the publication of this paper. Reports of this nature serve to maintain the high reputation ofThe Journal. The statistically semiliterate reader might be puzzled by the term "ridit." It would be helpful to readers like me if such technical terms could be explained (even in a footnote, in very small type) in future articles. The above letter was referred to one of the authors of the article cited, and he has submitted the following reply.
EAU Guidelines on the Treatment and Follow-up of Non-neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Including Benign Prostatic Obstruction
Authors: Matthias Oelke, Alexander Bachmann, Aurélien Descazeaud, Mark Emberton, Stavros Gravas, Martin C. Michel, James N'Dow, Jørgen Nordling, Jean J. de la Rosette
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Left ventricular failure induced by long-term hypertension in rats.
Authors: J M Capasso, T Palackal, G Olivetti, P Anversa
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

To determine whether the duration of hypertension is an essential component in the evolution of myocardial dysfunction, renal artery constriction was performed in male Fischer 344 rats at 4 months of age, and in vivo global cardiac performance of sham-operated and experimental animals was evaluated 8 months later. Systemic arterial blood pressure increased to 173 +/- 5 mm Hg 2 weeks after the arteries were clipped and remained elevated for the following 5 months. Blood pressure decreased over the remaining 3 months to a value not significantly different from control rats that were killed, 132 +/- 4 mm Hg. After 8 months of renovascular hypertension, we observed that the elevated level of systolic arterial pressure was accompanied by a distinct absence of left ventricular hypertrophy when measured at the ventricular weight level. Moreover, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased in hypertensive animals from 6.0 to 24.0 mm Hg while peak left ventricular pressure was identical to controls. In addition, peak +dP/dt and -dP/dt were depressed in hypertensive animals. Although stroke volume was unaltered, cardiac output in renal artery clipped animals was depressed by 34% while total peripheral resistance was elevated by 50%. Ventricular chamber remodeling in the hearts of hypertensive animals was evidenced as a 19% increase in the transverse and a 16% increase in the longitudinal axes of the left ventricle with a 27% diminution of wall thickness. Myocardial damage, in the form of myocyte loss and replacement fibrosis, increased in the hearts of hypertensive animals resulting in a ninefold augmentation in the volume fraction of collagen within the ventricular wall. These alterations in the architectural properties of chamber geometry coupled with the abnormalities in contractile performance resulted in a severe reduction in ejection fraction from 82% to 47% and a marked elevation in transmural diastolic and systolic stress in hypertensive animals. The gradient in stress across the ventricular wall, from epicardium to endocardium, revealed a direct correlation with the regional distribution of myocardial damage. In conclusion, the loading state of the myocardium, tissue injury, and myocardial fibrosis all appear to be critical determinants in the genesis of left ventricular failure in long-term pressure overload.
Collusion for Conformity
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Every society establishes standards of acceptable behavior and designates certain actions as deviant, subject to some kind of control. In<i>Collusion for Conformity</i>, Slaby and Tancredi discuss contemporary American attitudes toward some forms of deviancy and show how religion, law, and medicine collaborate in efforts at control. In an introductory chapter, the authors emphasize the changing definitions of deviant behavior, the importance of socioeconomic factors in determining these definitions, and the significance of situation-precision. By this they mean that certain behaviors are tolerated or rejected, depending on special circumstances. For example, homosexuality, although generally disapproved, might be accepted in prisons or on lengthy sea voyages. Homicide might go unpunished in lynchings or the Kent State affair. A long chapter on privacy reviews the legal history of this concept and stresses the authors' advocacy of permitting maximal personal liberty. We may note that both authors are psychiatrists and that one, Tancredi,
Feasibility of [18F]-2-Fluoro-A85380-PET Imaging of Human Vascular Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In Vivo
Authors: Jan Bucerius, Christoph Manka, Jörn Schmaljohann, Venkatesh Mani, Daniela Gündisch, James H.F. Rudd, Rolf Bippus, Felix M. Mottaghy, Ullrich Wüllner, Zahi A. Fayad, Hans-Jürgen Biersack
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Plum, an Immunoglobulin Superfamily Protein, Regulates Axon Pruning by Facilitating TGF-β Signaling
Authors: Xiaomeng M. Yu, Itai Gutman, Timothy J. Mosca, Tal Iram, Engin Özkan, K. Christopher Garcia, Liqun Luo, Oren Schuldiner
Journal: Neuron (2013)
The Treatment of Chronic Uremia.
Authors: Belding H. Scribner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The Treatment of Chronic Uremia.Belding H. Scribner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Belding H. Scribner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1053_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAs the outlook for patients with end-stage kidney disease continues to improve rapidly because of strides made in the technique of maintenance dialysis and improving results with renal homografts, participation by the internist in practice becomes the key to more rapid integration of these lifesaving treatments into the practice of medicine.This presentation describes the new approach to the patient with end-stage kidney disease and delineates the role of the internist in this approach. Underlying this new approach is the principle that the treatment of chronic uremia has become a continuum that begins when the diagnosis of irreversible renal failure... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Seattle, Washington PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1053-1053KeywordsHomograftsMedical dialysisRenal failure ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Rosuvastatin in the Prevention of Stroke Among Men and Women With Elevated Levels of C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Brendan M. Everett, Robert J. Glynn, Jean G. MacFadyen, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Prior primary prevention trials of statin therapy that used cholesterol criteria for enrollment have not reported significant decreases in stroke risk. We evaluated whether statin therapy might reduce stroke rates among individuals with low levels of cholesterol but elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.In Justification for the Use of statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER), 17 802 apparently healthy men and women with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels <130 mg/dL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels > or = 2.0 mg/L were randomly allocated to rosuvastatin 20 mg daily or placebo and then followed up for the occurrence of a first stroke. After a median follow-up of 1.9 years (maximum, 5.0 years), rosuvastatin resulted in a 48% reduction in the hazard of fatal and nonfatal stroke as compared with placebo (incidence rate, 0.18 and 0.34 per 100 person-years of observation, respectively; hazard ratio 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.79; P=0.002), a finding that was consistent across all examined subgroups. This finding was due to a 51% reduction in the rate of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.81; P=0.004), with no difference in the rates of hemorrhagic stroke between the active and placebo arms (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.24 to 1.88; P=0.44).Rosuvastatin reduces by more than half the incidence of ischemic stroke among men and women with low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels who are at risk because of elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.clinicaltrial.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00239681.
Prophylactic Effect of Isoniazid in Young Tuberculin Reactors
Authors: Francis J. Curry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE effectiveness of isoniazid in preventing the complications of primary tuberculosis and in reducing the incidence of clinical disease among the contacts of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis has been demonstrated.1 2 3 4 5 6 In the United States Public Health Service chemoprophylaxis trials, the participants were randomly divided, with half receiving isoniazid and the other half placebo. There were 7 trials, covering a broad spectrum of differing situations, that clearly demonstrated the prophylactic usefulness of isoniazid.6 The San Francisco study, from January, 1958, to December, 1966, tested the effectiveness of isoniazid in preventing tuberculous morbidity in reactors, first discovered in a routine school . . .