tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2233: IKBKE activates Akt independent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PDK1/mTORC2 to sustain malignant transformation
Authors: Jianping Guo, Domenico Coppola, Jin Q. Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Serine/threonine kinase Akt regulates key cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Activation of Akt by mitogenic factor depends on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Here, we report that IKBKE activates Akt in response to inflammatory agent but not growth factor stimuli through a PI3K-independent pathway. Depletion of IKBKE inhibits basal and inflammatory factor-stimulated Akt activation. IKBKE directly phosphorylates Akt-Thr308 and -Ser473 independent of plecstrin-homology (PH) domain. IKBKE activation of Akt was not affected by inhibition of PI3K, knockdown of PDK1 or mTORC2 complex. Further, this activation could be inhibited by Akt inhibitors MK-2206 and GSK690693 but not the compounds (perifosine and triciribine) targeting PH domain of Akt. Expression of IKBKE largely correlates with activation of Akt in breast cancer. Moreover, inhibition of Akt suppresses IKBKE oncogenic transformation. These findings indicate that IKBKE is an Akt-Thr308 and -Ser473 kinase and directly activates Akt independent of PI3K, PDK1 and mTORC2. Our data also suggest that Akt inhibitors targeting the PH domain have no effect on the tumours in which hyperactive Akt is resulted from elevated IKBKE. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2233. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2233
Pleural Effusion, Rash, and Anergy in Icteric Hepatitis
Authors: Robert L. Owen, Howard Shapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

WE recently cared for a patient with an illness in many ways typical of viral hepatitis, but this diagnosis was not considered initially because pleural effusion was the primary presenting sign. Cases with pleural effusion as the presenting sign of viral hepatitis are rare in the recent medical literature.1 During his acute illness our patient had transitory cutaneous anergy, a rarely reported feature of viral hepatitis.Case ReportA 42-year-old ophthalmologist was admitted to the University of California Hospitals with pleuritic pain, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting after six days of fever, malaise, mild headache, and myalgia. Examination showed no abnormalities . . .
Reform, Regulation, and Research — An Interview with Gail Wilensky
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Gail Wilensky, Ph.D., is an economist who served in the administration of President George H.W. Bush, first as the administrator of the Health Care Financing Administration (forerunner to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services) and later as White House health policy advisor. In 1997, she became the first chair of the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, and during the 2008 presidential campaign, she was an advisor to Senator John McCain (R-AZ). She is a senior fellow at Project HOPE. John Iglehart, a national correspondent for the Journal, interviewed Dr. Wilensky on August 7, 2009. John Iglehart: Many Republicans oppose reform . . .
Bird flu and transparency
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Last week's outbreak of H5N1 avian flu in turkeys in England brings the threat of pandemic flu psychologically if not actually closer to western Europe. And although WHO and others are rightly playing down the risks of a pandemic, they are also rightly preparing for one. But what are the right local and global priorities? 

Clinical guidance is the easy bit. New guidelines published in the BMJ 's sister journal Thorax and summarised in a BMJ editorial this week (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39101.628715.80) advise rapid diagnosis, prompt administration of antivirals, and readiness to give antibiotics if symptoms worsen. 

Far harder will be to prepare—psychologically and actually—for making these clinical decisions …
FDG Uptake in Intercostal Muscles is an Indicator of Severe Respiratory Disease
Authors: Gonca Gul Bural, Ayse Mavi, Rakesh Kumar, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 40-year-old man with a history of pharyngeal wall cancer status postradiation therapy for 6 months underwent FDG-PET scan twice with in an interval of 5 months. The first PET images were normal. On the later PET images, incidental increased FDG uptake was noted in the intercostal muscles and in bilateral diaphragmatic crura. The patient had shortness of breath and a chest x-ray revealed marked biapical pleural thickening and scarring consistent with radiation fibrosis. This case demonstrates that FDG uptake in intercostal muscles in PET imaging can be an indicator of respiratory dysfunction and the use of accessory respiratory muscles.
Abstract 3388: The CD44s splice isoform is essential for breast tumor initiating cell properties
Authors: Rhonda Brown, Sali Liu, Lauren Reinke, Chonghui Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Tumor initiating cells (TICs) constitute a small fraction of tumor cells that display stem cell characteristics, including the ability to self-renew and generate heterogeneous tumors. A CD44+/CD24- profile has been widely used to identify TICs in a variety of tumors. However, it has remained unknown whether CD44 is functionally required for TICs and whether a specific CD44 isoform is enriched in TICs. Here, we report that the CD44s isoform is the major splice isoform expressed in a CD44+/CD24- breast stem cell population. Functionally, CD44s is required for expression of a breast stem cell (BSC) gene signature and is essential for mammosphere formation. Modulation of CD44 alternative splicing by the splicing regulator ESRP1 prevents CD44s production and, in turn, inhibits mammosphere formation and expression of the BSC signature. Furthermore, CD44s is required for limiting numbers of TICs to form tumors in an animal model of breast cancer progression. Together, these data illustrate that the CD44s splice isoform is enriched in CD44+/CD24- breast stem cells and serves as an important regulator of stem cell properties. Our results also suggest that CD44s-dependent TIC properties can be controlled at the level of alternative splicing by splicing factors that regulate production of specific CD44 isoforms. Citation Format: Rhonda Brown, Sali Liu, Lauren Reinke, Chonghui Cheng. The CD44s splice isoform is essential for breast tumor initiating cell properties. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3388. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3388
Bread is fortified with folic acid in Hungary
Authors: A. E Czeizel
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—The European governments were criticised by Oakley for failing to mandate the universal fortification of flour with folic acid, a public health action that can prevent neural tube defects and other congenital abnormalities in fetuses, as well as cardiovascular disorders in adults, including elderly people. 1 2 However, we would like to remind Oakley and the readers of the BMJ that a bread fortification programme was launched in Hungary in August 1998. …
Famous Faces In Diabetes
Authors: John H. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This is an interesting volume of a select segment of the history of diabetes mellitus. The photographs of more than 150 physicians and medical scientists are reproduced with a line or 2 of historical description and one or more pertinent references. The volume is prepared by setting "cold type" and printed by offset lithography. In most instances, the reproductions are thoroughly satisfactory; more so than the biographic data, which sometimes is sketchy or too brief. For one interested in medical history or diabetes mellitus, this will prove to be a valuable reference text.
Measurement of transmural distribution of phosphorus metabolites in the pig heart by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: B RAJAGOPALAN, J D BRISTOW, G K RADDA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

We used the phase modulated rotating frame imaging technique to measure transmural distribution of phosphorus metabolites in 10 anaesthetised ventilated pigs using a double surface coil placed on the surface of the left ventricle. Anaesthesia was maintained in five animals with halothane, barbiturate and nitrous oxide and in five others with intravenous chloralose. 31Phosphorus spectra were acquired, gated to expiration and systole. From phantom experiments the resolution of the experiment was shown to be approximately 2 mm. The anatomical limits of the myocardium were identified by the appearance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate peaks from red blood cells. The limits of the epicardium were confirmed by obtaining images after placing a phantom containing flurophosphate on the surface of the heart. The endocardium was identified by inserting a small balloon catheter through the centre of the coil into the left ventricular cavity, filling it with 0.5 ml of fluorophosphate and pulling it gently against the endocardium. No transmural differences in phosphocreatine to ATP ratio were identified in the normal heart. The animals anaesthetised with chloralose showed a significantly higher phosphocreatine to ATP ratio compared to those anaesthetised with halothane and barbiturate. The chloralose animals tended to have a higher blood pressure and a lower heart rate when compared to the other animals. No transmural differences, however, were identified in either group. When regional ischaemia was produced using a snare to occlude the left coronary artery, phosphocreatine fell and the signal from the inorganic phosphate + 2,3-diphosphoglycerate region increased. The inner wall tended to become more acid compared to the outer wall during ischaemia. These experiments show that the phase modulated rotating frame imaging technique can be used to study the effects of changes in workload, ischaemia, or pharmacological intervention on transmural distribution of metabolites in the heart and thus help elucidate factors responsible for subendocardial vulnerability to stress.
In situ hybridization for interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 receptor mRNA in T cells activated in the presence or absence of cyclosporin A.
Authors: A Granelli-Piperno
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

RNA-RNA in situ hybridization was used to study the frequency of cells producing mRNA for IL-2 and IL-2-R in T lymphocytes stimulated by either of three mitogens: anti-CD3, anti-CD28, or PHA. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressed transcripts for IL-2 and the low-affinity IL-2-R when stimulated with these mitogens plus PMA. IL-2 transcripts peaked at 8-16 h, and IL-2-R at 24-40 h. Cyclosporin A (CSA) inhibited the synthesis of IL-2, but not IL-2-R mRNA, after stimulation by PHA or anti-CD3. However, higher concentrations of CSA were necessary to achieve 50-70% inhibition after stimulation with anti-CD28. At optimal points 12-22% of CD4+ and 5-13% of CD8+ cells expressed IL-2 mRNA, while 30-50% of cells of both subsets had IL-2-R mRNA. The IL-2 grain counts, which relate to the level of mRNA/cell, were higher in the CD4+ subset but could be increased several fold in the CD8+ subset in the presence of adherent accessory cells. The use of PMA as an accessory stimulus, in addition to adherent cells, greatly increased the frequency of lymphocytes with IL-2 mRNA and the amount of IL-2 activity in the culture medium, but the proliferative response was not significantly boosted. These observations indicate at the single cell level that many CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes can make IL-2 mRNA, and that the induction of IL-2 with several stimuli is reduced by CSA and enhanced by PMA.
Dietary Supplements and Regulation—Reply
Authors: Bryan E. Denham
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lymphocyte apoptosis induced by CD95 (APO–1/Fas) ligand–expressing tumor cells — A mechanism of immune evasion?
Authors: Susanne Strand, Walter J. Hofmann, Hubert Hug, Martina Müller, Gerd Otto, Dennis Strand, Sara M. Mariani, Wolfgang Stremmel, Peter H. Krammer, Peter R. Galle
Journal: Nature Medicine (1996)
Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome
Authors: Stephan C. Reinalter, Nikola Jeck, Christoph Brochhausen, Bernhard Watzer, Rolf M. Nüsing, Hannsjörg W. Seyberth, Martin Kömhoff
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Mechanical Stretch of Atrial Myocyte Monolayer Decreases Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Adenosine Triphosphatase Expression and Increases Susceptibility to Repolarization Alternans
Authors: Chia-Ti Tsai, Fu-Tien Chiang, Chuen-Den Tseng, Chih-Chieh Yu, Yi-Chih Wang, Ling-Ping Lai, Juey-Jen Hwang, Jiunn-Lee Lin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Psychiatric Consultation on Medical Patients for Internists.
Authors: Henry M. Fox
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Psychiatric Consultation on Medical Patients for Internists.Henry M. Fox, M.D.Henry M. Fox, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1179_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA well-trained psychiatrist can evaluate the effect of the patient's earlier history on his response to recent stress and thus help to clarify the medical diagnosis. The pattern of the patient's characteristic psychological defenses emerges during the psychiatrist's interview and thus provides the basis for advice to the internist about treatment.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1179-1179 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Why Patients Go to Hospital
Authors: J. Fry
Journal: BMJ (1959)

ACNE VULGARISmrAnR?tJS A1 Dosage must therefore vary in accordance with the severity of this latter condition.Corticosteroids.-These have been given in an effort to correct hormonal imbalance, but I doubt if anyone in this country would seriously consider using them to-day, as the complications of steroid (A.C.T.H.) therapy include the development of acne and hirsutism.Vitamins Although theoretical considerations seem to indicate that certain of the vitamins should be of value, in practice they hardly ever are.Yet every now and again one meets a patient in whom vitamin therapy is of help, particularly when given fresh yeast, yeast tablets, or the B complex, one tablet three times a day over a few months.Paradoxically, I have found patients in whom some element of the vitamin-B complex seems to have aggravated the picture, and who have improved when the concentrated mixture has been stopped.Vitamin A reduces androgenic effects, while lack of it leads to hyperkeratinization of the hair foUlicles, a factor in plugging the pores.Eskimos, who live on a diet high in vitamin A, rarely get acne.It has been given in doses of 50,000 to 100,000 i.u.daily over periods of six months or longer, but on the whole it seems to be rarely justified.Toxic effects include fissuring of the lips, nausea, headache, irritability, and pruritus.Nicotinic acid, 25 mg.before meals, helps those patients in whom iodides cause aggravation.Ascorbic acid 3 gr.per day, was once recommended by the Medical Research Council, but few people to-day would give it as a routine.Attention to diet should ensure an adequate intake. SedativesEmotional influences are a contributory factor in that stress alters sebum production.Small doses of a medium-acting barbiturate, such as amytal * gr., one tablet three times a day for short periods of two to three months, are suitable, particularly in tiding a patient over a crisis, such as examinations or a broken engagement.Bromides are contraindicated, because, like iodides, they can cause exacerbations.Vaccines These are not often given now, particularly since the advent of broad-spectrum antibiotics.However, those patients from whose lesions staphylococci and even acne bacilli may be cultured often respond to a mixed staphylococcus and acne vaccine.This may be successfully combined with a staphylococcus toxoid.Such a combination, used in one injection, is known as a vaccoid.This procedure may therefore be tried ofPatients Department patients patients Dept.
REVERSIBILITY AND SPECIFICITY OF CEREBRAL SPECT ABNORMALITIES IN SUBSTANCE ABUSE DISORDERS
Authors: K K Challakere, R Dupont, I Grant, P Lehr, R Reed, G Lamoureux, J Allen, S O??Rourke, S E Halpern
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Challakere, K. K.; Dupont, R.; Grant, I.; Lehr, P.; Reed, R.; Lamoureux, G.; . Allen, J; O'Rourke, S.; Halpern, S. E. Author Information
Immunoglobulin secretion in the human autologous mixed leukocyte reaction. Definition of a suppressor-amplifier circuit using monoclonal antibodies.
Authors: P A Gatenby, B L Kotzin, G S Kansas, E G Engleman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

The induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis in the autologous MLR has an absolute requirement for helper/inducer (Leu-3) T cells, whereas an excess of suppressor/cytotoxic (leu-2) cells suppresses the response. The current study was an effort to assess the immunoregulatory potential to T cells activated in the autologous mixed-leukocyte response (MLR). T cells were cultured with autologous non-T cells for 8-9 d, after which the activated T cells were fractionated into subsets with monoclonal antibodies to T cell markers and HLA-DR antigen. Each population was co-cultured in fresh autologous MLR, and on the 8th day of culture, Ig-secreting cells were measured in a reverse hemolytic plaque assay. The results show that activated Leu-2, DR+ T cells, but neither Leu-2, DR- nor Leu-3 T cells, were at least 50 times more potent as suppressors of IgM and IgG synthesis than fresh Leu-2 cells alone. The activation of this Leu-2, DR+ subpopulation required Leu-3 cells in the primary culture. Furthermore, in the absence of Leu-2 cells in the second culture, little or no suppression was observed, suggesting that the Leu-2, DR+ cells act to amplify or induce suppressor effects of fresh Leu-2 cells. This indicates that at least two distinct subpopulations of Leu-2 cells are required for maximal suppression of an immune response, and that immunoregulatory circuits analogous to those described in the mouse exist in man.
Lifetime Prevalence of Major Depression and Its Effect on Treatment Outcome in Obese Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Marsha D Marcus, Rena R Wing, John Guare, Elaine H Blair, Abbas Jawad
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective — To assess the lifetime prevalence of major depression (MD) and its relation to glycemic control among a group of non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetic subjects seeking obesity treatment and to determine whether a history of MD affected response to treatment. Research Design and Methods — Sixty-six obese subjects with type II diabetes (22 men, 44 women) completed the Inventory to Diagnose Depression-Lifetime Version before a 52-wk behavioral weight-control program. Weight, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, and mood were assessed at pre-and posttreatment. Results — Thirty-two percent of the subjects reported a history of MD. Neither a history of MD nor current depressive symptoms were associated with pretreatment glycemic control. However, a history of MD was related to treatment attrition (52.4 vs. 22.2%, P = 0.03). Subjects with and without a history of MD showed comparable improvements in weight, glycemic control, and mood. Conclusions — A history of MD among type II diabetic patients seeking obesity treatment was not related to pretreatment glycemic control but was associated with higher rates of attrition from treatment. Individuals with a history of MD who completed the program did not differ from those with no history of MD in response to treatment.
Role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation in the hypertrophic growth of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: K Schlüter
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: The present study investigated whether activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) is involved in the stimulation of hypertrophic growth of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes under α- or β-adrenoceptor stimulation. Methods: Adult ventricular rat cardiomyocytes were used either directly after isolation (day 1 culture) or after cultivation for 6 days in presence of 20% fetal calf serum (day 7 culture). PI3-kinase activity was determined in extracts of cardiomyocytes after immunoprecipitation with an antibody against the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase. The influence of PI3-kinase inhibition on myocardial growth was determined using the specific PI3-kinase inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002. Results: In day 1 cultures α-adrenoceptor stimulation, but not β-adrenoceptor stimulation caused activation of PI3-kinase. In response to α-adrenoceptor stimulation but not β-adrenoceptor stimulation an acceleration of protein synthesis (incorporation of 14C-phenylalanine) and an increase in the total masses of cellular protein and RNA was observed. In these cultures inhibition of PI3-kinase attenuated the acceleration of protein synthesis and the increase in cellular masses of protein or RNA in response to α-adrenoceptor stimulation. In day 7 cultures α- and β-adrenoceptor stimulation caused activation of PI3-kinase and increased protein synthesis. In these cultures inhibition of PI3-kinase attenuated the growth response to α- and β-adrenoceptor stimulation. Conclusions: PI3-kinase activation via protein kinase C-dependent or cAMP-dependent pathways is required for hypertrophic growth of adult cardiomyocytes.
High Incidence of EGFR Mutations in Korean Men Smokers with No Intratumoral Heterogeneity of Lung Adenocarcinomas: Correlation with Histologic Subtypes, EGFR/TTF-1 Expressions, and Clinical Features
Authors: Ping-Li Sun, Hyesil Seol, Hyun Ju Lee, Seol Bong Yoo, Hyojin Kim, Xianhua Xu, Sanghoon Jheon, Choon-Taek Lee, Jong-Suk Lee, Jin-Haeng Chung
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)