tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unusual Cholescintigraphic Findings in Polyarteritis Nodosa
Authors: R AMIR, P H JACOBS, A PIEPSZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Bile duct cysts as a consequence of liver infarcts have exceptionally been described in polyarteritis nodosa. A case is reported in which necrotic changes due to arterial occlusion, as well as the resulting hepatic bile duct cysts, were clearly demonstrated by diethyl IDA cholescintigraphy.
Out of hours care: a call for continuity
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Despite the raging financial storm of 2008 and the tens of billions of pounds used to prop up the banks, nothing much changed in the NHS. But the cold wind of reality now blows through the public sector—cuts are coming. The last government engaged in political health grandstanding, producing some foolish (if not frankly stupid) ideas. Initiatives like walk in centres, NHS Direct call centres, and Darzi centres all largely duplicated existing services. They were wildly expensive too. Compared with general practice consultations, walk in centres cost twice as …
EFFECT OF ACTH ON WATER DISTRIBUTION IN MAN AS MEASURED BY ANTIPYRINE, T 1824 AND BROMIDE 1
Authors: Morris Ziff, Jerome Simson, Joseph J. Bunim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1952)

The retention of salt and water by patients re- ceiving ACTH and cortisone is well known (1).If sufficiently marked, rapid weight gain, edema and pulmonary congestion may result.It was considered of interest, therefore, to study the changes in plasma volume, extracellular fluid vol- ume, total body water, and total body chloride oc- curring in patients receiving adrenocorticotropic hormone.A transient increase in the inulin space in patients treated with ACTH and corti- sone and maintained on rigid salt restriction has been reported recently by Levitt and Bader (2).METHODS Five patients were studied; three had rheumatoid arthritis, one rheumatoid spondylitis, and one rheumatic fever with polyarthritis.Three patients were males and two females; their ages ranged between 28 and 53.In order not to limit the magnitude of the expected physiological changes, salt intake was not restricted.The amount of salt taken by shaker along with the regular hospital diet was, however, weighed daily, and proved to be relatively constant for each patient, varying be- tween 1 and 3 grams per day.Following a preliminary control study, the patients were treated with ACTH in dosages of 100 to 120 mg. per day' for about four weeks.Three patients, E. S., M. U., and G. R., received a supplement of 3 grams of KCl per day.Volume studies, determination of serum Nat, Cland HCOi-levels, complete blood and eosinophil counts, and determination of E.S.R. and hematocrit were done at approximately weekly intervals during treatment and also at intervals varying from six to 14 days follow- ing the end of ACTH administration.
Jamieson &amp;amp; Kay's Textbook of Surgical Physiology
Authors: John D. Burrington
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This third edition of<i>A Standard Textbook of Surgical Physiology</i>is by and large disappointing. Despite the authors' attempts to "meet the needs of the modern surgeons in training," the book is spotty and often deficient in areas of modern controversy. The book suffers somewhat in being out of date virtually at the time of distribution. The preface is dated 1977, the copyright year is 1978, and the reviewer's copy arrived late in 1979. Manuscripts apparently were completed well before 1977, since most references are prior to 1975. Bibliographies are variable, with some being extremely complete and others totally absent. The index is also deficient and is not appropriate for quick reference to any section of the book. While some of the chapters are readable and well put together, the majority are a series of physiological facts without any attempt to put them together into a concise outline of organ
Identification and characterization of the gene causing type 1 spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Sandro Banfi, Antonio Servadio, Ming-yi Chung, Thomas J. Kwiatkowski, Alanna E. McCall, Lisa A. Duvick, Ying Shen, Elizabeth J. Roth, Harry T. Orr, H.Y. Zoghbi
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
189. Improvement of In-Vivo Transfer of Plasmid DNA in Muscle: Comparison of Electroporation Versus Ultrasound
Authors: Geke A. Hospers, Wendy A. Dam, Marc H. DeBaets, Mario H. Losen, Coby Meijer, Nanno H. Mulder
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Ultrasound and electroporation are two different techniques to increase the efficiency of gene transfer fo plasmid DNA into muscle. We compared the efficiency of these techniques in a mouse model.
Preventing Depression in Adolescents
Authors: Sally Nicola Merry
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Metabolic clearance and production rates of prolactin in man.
Authors: D S Cooper, E C Ridgway, B Kliman, R N Kjellberg, F Maloof
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Metabolic clearance rates (MCR) and production rates (PR) of prolactin (PRL) have been determined by the constant infusion to equilibrium technique in 11 normal subjects, 6 patients with hyperthyroidism, 4 patients with hypothyroidism, and 9 patients with hyperprolactinemia. PRL MCR was also determined tin four patients during dopamine infusion. Mean PRL MCR was 46 +/- 1 ml/min per m2 in women and 44 +/- 3 ml/min per m2 in men, and was significantly correlated with body mass (r = 0.84, P less than 0.001). In contrast with controls, PRL MCR was higher in hyperthyroidism (MCR = 52 +/- 8 ml/min per m2, P less than 0.05), was slightly lower in hypothyroidism (MCR = 38 +/- 10 ml/min per m2, P = NS), and was significantly correlated with serum thyroxine (r = 0.46, P less than 0.02). PRL MCR was lower than controls in hyperprolactinemia (MCR = 40 +/- 5 ml/min per m2, P less than 0.01) and was inversely correlated with serum PRL (r = -0.72, P less than 0.001). PRL MCR was not significantly changed by dopamine infusion. Mean PRL PR for women and men was 211 +/- 74 and 187 +/- 44 micrograms/d per m2, respectively (P = NS). In hyperthyroidism the PRL PR was elevated (PR = 335 +/- 68 micrograms/d per m2, P less than 0.02), but in hypothyroidism the increase (PR = 233 +/- 159 micrograms/d per m2) was not significant. In hyperprolactinemia the PRL PR was extremely high (PR = 31,000 +/- 29,000 micrograms/d per m2). Dopamine infusion decreased RPL PR from 270 to 66 micrograms/d per m2 indicating that its effect was on pituitary PRL secretion and not PRL metabolism. To evaluate possible circulating PRL heterogeneity that might arise during infusion, gel filtration of infusate and serum obtained during the MCR procedure was performed. Labeled monomeric PRL (peak III, Kav (partition coefficient) = 0.4) was partially converted to two larger forms (peaks I and II) in vivo. Peak I (Kav = 0) was 30--40% immunoprecipitable, although peak II (Kav = 0.2) was not immunoprecipitable. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of peak I resulted in greater than or equal to 90% conversion to peak III and restoration of full immunoactivity. Thus, peak I is a noncovalently linked aggregate that is partially immunoactive, and therefore able to alter MCR determinations. These studies demonstrate the impact of hormone heterogeneity on MCR estimations and suggest that gel filtration of immunoprecipitable material be an integral part of future MCR measurements.
A NEW APPROACH TO THE SEMILUNAR CARTILAGES
Authors: Percy Willard Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Believing that the period of convalescence following operation for excision of the semilunar cartilages of the knee could be shortened by early mobilization of the joint, I have, during the last two years, been using an approach which eliminates strain on the wound when the knee is flexed and obviates the necessity of suturing the synovial membrane. All but one of the eight patients thus far operated on at the Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled have been able to walk without crutches and to sit with the knee flexed to a right angle on the sixth day, and to resume their usual activities, with practically full joint function, at the end of two weeks. In all joint cases in which the part is immobilized for a considerable time after operation, psychology is a factor in retarding recovery. There is always present the fear of injuring the joint when it
Effects of mitral regurgitation on pulmonary venous flow and left atrial pressure: An intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic study
Authors: Allan L. Klein, William J. Stewart, James Bartlett, Gerald I. Cohen, Fred Kahan, Gregory Pearce, Kathleen Husbands, Alexander S. Bailey, Ernesto E. Salcedo, Delos M. Cosgrove
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Mechanisms of Cardiac Control in Exercise
Authors: ROBERT F. RUSHMER, ORVILLE SMITH, DEAN FRANKLIN
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Left ventricular performance during spontaneous exercise has been continuously analyzed in terms of direct recordings of diameter, effective pressure and other parameters derived by electronic computors. The changes in left ventricular performance during treadmill exercise have been compared with a number of experimentally induced responses in the same intact unanesthetized dog on the same day. These direct comparisons revealed that experimentally-induced increased venous return, reduced peripheral resistance, or administration of autonomic hormones do not reproduce the spontaneous exercise response. Better reproductions of the exercise response could be achieved by careful administration of isopropyl arterenol (Isuprel), by combined administration of epinephrine or norepinephrine) and experimental tachycardia or by stimulating sympathetic nerves to the heart. Stimulation of discrete areas in the diencephalon reproduced the exercise response with remarkable accuracy without movement or evidence of distress.
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinaemia
Authors: A.W. MACFARLANE, J.L. VERBOV
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

A 66-year-old man with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma associated with paraproteinaemia is described. He also had long-standing normolipaemic plane xanthomata. Treatment was with melphalan 0.15 mg/kg body weight/day. Initially, three 5-day courses were given at 4-weekly intervals but a fourth course was necessary after a further 4 months because of a deterioration in both his skin and associated systemic symptoms.
Hyperkalemia in chronic renal failure
Authors: A. Gerstein
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would like to comment, as far as the word "surgeon" is concerned, on the obviously deep impression Albrecht Dürer's "Hands of an Apostle" have made on Alexander Gode, PhD, which he beautifully "transliterates" into JUST WORDS (<b>201</b>:764, 1967). For a long time, I have tried unsuccessfully to trace the origin of this word. As far as I can see, it has nothing to do with the Greek words xeir (hand) and ergon (work). However the German "chirurg" ("chirungien" in France, "chirurgo" in Italy) definitely is derived from these two Greek words. There is, of course, something else needed besides "handwork" to make a "chirurg" more than a "handworker," namely a profound knowledge of medicine and a deep interest in and feeling for human nature, in other words, he must be first and foremost a physician in the best and highest sense of this word.
INJECTION OF THE SCIATIC NERVE AS SUBSTITUTE FOR FEMORAL PERIARTERIAL SYMPATHECTOMY
Authors: K. P. A. TAYLOR
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Few operative procedures have aroused more interest in recent years than has periarterial sympathectomy. This operation, devised by Leriche and having as its principle vasodilation following stripping of the adventitia of the main artery of the part, is still the object of trial and speculation.  Many anatomists and surgeons are at variance with the theory that a large part of the vasomotor nerve fibers course to the arterioles and capillaries of the extremities within the adventitia of the parent arteries. Langley 1 resected the lumbar sympathetic ganglions in cats and secured vasodilatation in the extremities, which was abolished when the sciatic and crural nerves were severed. Kramer and Todd 2 studied the distribution of the vasomotor fibers to the arm, and Potts 3 made a similar study of the innervation of the blood vessels of the leg with similar conclusions—that the nerve fibers are supplied to the blood vessels at
THE ORR METHOD FOR WOUNDS AND COMPOUND FRACTURES
Authors: H. Winnett Orr
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To the Editor:—  Because of many inquiries and some misunderstanding I should like to explain certain points with regard to the Orr method for wounds and compound fractures.  A Wide World dispatch this morning from Kuibyshev stated that a modernized method of the Russian surgeon Pirogov is the one now being employed among the Russian troops for the treatment of gunshot wounds and fractures. It is said that airtight plaster of paris casts are a factor in the treatment. Similar statements about tight casts and foul smelling dressings have delayed the general acceptance of the program that I have been advocating. The surgical treatment program that I have been recommending for twenty years is immediate replacement of injured parts in correct position, open drainage of infected wounds, immobilization of the extremities in plaster of paris casts and infrequent dressing to protect against secondary infection. These are all essential for good
Cardiovascular Effects of Peritoneal Insufflation of Carbon Dioxide for Laparoscopy
Authors: I. Smith, R. J. Benzie, N. L. M. Gordon, G. R. Kelman, G. H. Swapp
Journal: BMJ (1971)

We have investigated, in 13 artificially ventilated and anaesthetized patients, the cardiovascular effects of peritoneal insufflation of carbon dioxide preparatory to laparoscopy. Stepwise increases of intra-abdominal pressure up to a maximum of 25 cm H(2)O were accompanied by increases of airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, central venous pressure, and femoral venous pressure and by signs of cardiovascular stimulation with mild tachycardia and hypertension. End-tidal carbon dioxide tension rose only slightly. The anaesthetic technique used provided good surgical conditions; our results suggest that it does not impose undue strain on the homoeostatic ability of the patient's cardiovascular system.
Clinical, geographical, and temporal risk factors associated with presentation and outcome of vivax malaria imported into the United Kingdom over 27 years: observational study
Authors: Claire Broderick, Behzad Nadjm, Valerie Smith, Marie Blaze, Anna Checkley, Peter L Chiodini, Christopher J M Whitty
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<b>Objective</b> To examine temporal and geographical trends, risk factors, and seasonality of imported vivax malaria in the United Kingdom to inform clinical advice and policy. <b>Design</b> Observational study. <b>Setting</b> National surveillance data from the UK Public Health England Malaria Reference Laboratory, data from the International Passenger Survey, and international climactic data. <b>Participants</b> All confirmed and notified cases of malaria in the UK (n=50 187) from 1987 to 2013, focusing on 12 769 cases of vivax malaria. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Mortality, sociodemographic details (age, UK region, country of birth and residence, and purpose of travel), destination, and latency (time between arrival in the UK and onset of symptoms). <b>Results</b> Of the malaria cases notified, 25.4% (n=12 769) were due to <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>, of which 78.6% were imported from India and Pakistan. Most affected patients (53.5%) had travelled to visit friends and relatives, and 11.1% occurred in tourists. Imported <i>P vivax </i>is concentrated in areas with large communities of south Asian heritage. Overall mortality was 7/12 725 (0.05%), but with no deaths in 9927 patients aged under 50 years. Restricting the analysis to those aged more than 50 years, mortality was 7/2798 (0.25%), increasing to 4/526 (0.76%) (adjusted odds ratio 32.0, 95% confidence interval 7.1 to 144.0, P&lt;0.001) in those aged 70 years or older. Annual notifications decreased sharply over the period, while traveller numbers between the UK and South Asia increased. The risk of acquiring <i>P vivax</i> from South Asia was year round but was twice as high from June to September (40 per 100 000 trips) compared with the rest of the year. There was strong seasonality in the latency from arrival in the UK to presentation, significantly longer in those arriving in the UK from South Asia from October to March (median 143 days) versus those arriving from April to September (37 days, P&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusions</b> Travellers visiting friends and family in India and Pakistan are most at risk of acquiring <i>P vivax</i>, and older patients (especially those &gt;70 years) are most at risk of dying; these groups should be targeted for advice before travelling. The risk of acquiring vivax malaria is year round but higher during summer monsoons, masked by latency. The latency of time to clinical presentation of imported vivax malaria in the UK is highly seasonal; seasonal latency has implications for pretravel advice but also for the control of malaria in India and Pakistan. A reduced incidence of vivax malaria in travellers may mean further areas of South Asia can be considered not to need malaria chemoprophylaxis.
BI-20 * GENETIC PROFILING FOR EARLY EVEROLIMUS SENSITIVITY IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS ENROLLED ON NCCTG N057K
Authors: D. Ma, E. Galanis, P. Peller, K. Ligon, C. Giannini, J. Sarkaria
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling plays a critical role in tumor cell function and mTOR inhibitors have demonstrated promising activity in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Nevertheless, robust genetic predictors for sensitivity to mTOR inhibition remain elusive. As part of the biomarker discovery process, the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) incorporated functional imaging with 18FLT-PET/CT and focused exon sequencing into N057K, a Phase II clinical trial evaluating the mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus in combination with radiation(RT) and temozolomide(TMZ) in newly diagnosed GBM patients. METHODS: N057K began weekly everolimus one week prior to standard RT/TMZ. Patients who had >1cm3 of residual tumor were imaged with 18FLT-PET/CT before and after the initial two doses of everolimus, before initiating RT/TMZ. Imaged patients with a ΔSUVmax of >25% were classified as metabolic responders adapted from EORTC criteria for FDG-PET. Imaged patients with sufficient tumor samples also underwent immunohistochemical and focused exon sequencing analysis using the Seqwright 201 gene panel. Tertiary analysis focused on genes implicated in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway (PTEN, PIK3CA, AKT, mTOR, Raptor/Rictor, S6, TSC1/2, NF1, CCND1, FGFR1/2). RESULTS: Nine patients had 18FLT-PET/CT imaging of which 4/9 had a metabolic response to everolimus alone. Six patients had sufficient tumor samples for further analysis, of which 3/6 had response. On IHC, 18FLT-PET responders had higher levels of PTEN expression and lower levels of pAKT and Ki-67 expression in comparison to non-responders. Focused exon sequencing found 1,458 coding alterations in 454 genes when compared to the reference genome. Only one 18FLT-PET responder had any genetic alterations within a PI3K/Akt/mTOR-implicated pathway, while all 18FLT-PET non-responders had multiple alterations within PI3K/Akt/mTOR-implicated pathways. CONCLUSIONS: 18FLT-PET successfully identified cohorts of patients who had robust, early metabolic responses to mTOR inhibition alone. These responders had robust PTEN expression on IHC and were less likely to have alterations within PI3K/Akt/mTOR-implicated pathways.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls Disrupt Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Promote Brain Metastasis Formation
Authors: Melissa Seelbach, Lei Chen, Anita Powell, Yean Jung Choi, Bei Zhang, Bernhard Hennig, Michal Toborek
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) comprise a ubiquitous class of toxic substances associated with carcinogenic and tumor-promoting effects as well as neurotoxic properties in the brain. However, the effects of PCBs on the development of tumor metastases are not fully understood.We evaluated the hypothesis that exposure to individual PCB congeners can facilitate the development of brain metastases in immunocompetent mice via the disruption of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).C57/Bl6 mice were exposed to individual PCBs by oral gavage, and 48 hr later they were injected with luciferase-labeled K1735 M2 melanoma cells into the internal carotid artery. The development of metastatic nodules was monitored by bioluminescent imaging. In addition, we evaluated the functional permeability of the BBB by measuring permeability of sodium fluorescein across the brain microvessels. Expression and colocalization of tight junction (TJ) proteins were studied by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy.Oral administration of coplanar PCB126, mono-ortho-substituted PCB118, and non-coplanar PCB153 (each at 150 micromol/kg body weight) differentially altered expression of the TJ proteins claudin-5, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 in brain capillaries. These alterations were associated with increased permeability of the BBB. Most importantly, exposure to individual PCB congeners enhanced the rate of formation and progression of brain metastases of luciferase-tagged melanoma cells.Our results show for the first time that exposure to individual PCBs can facilitate the formation of bloodborne metastases via alterations of the integrity of the brain capillary endothelium.
Diagnosis of Ruptured Aneurysm of the Abdominal Aorta
Authors: John A. Mannick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

BostonIT is generally conceded that a ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, if untreated, is almost universally fatal. With the advent of the modern era of vascular surgery a method for excision and replacement of aneurysms became available and soon led to the salvage of a few patients whose aneurysms had ruptured. With improvement in surgical technic and the overall management of such patients the mortality of rupture has declined, and today a half to two thirds of patients with this condition may be salvaged by prompt surgical intervention. Since nearly everyone with experience in the treatment of ruptured . . .