tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endocardial activation of left bundle branch block.
Authors: J A Vassallo, D M Cassidy, F E Marchlinski, A E Buxton, H L Waxman, J U Doherty, M E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Endocardial catheter mapping was performed in 18 patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB). Four patients had no organic heart disease (group I), six had cardiomyopathy (group II), and eight had coronary artery disease and previous infarction (group III). Twelve patients had one septal site of left ventricular endocardial breakthrough, while six had two left ventricular endocardial breakthrough sites, with one site always being septal. There was no significant difference among the groups with respect to time of left ventricular breakthrough (group I, 44 msec after the onset of the QRS complex; group II, 58 msec; and group III, 51 msec). Total left ventricular endocardial activation time was significantly longer in group III (119 msec) than group I (81 msec; p less than .05) and group II (61 msec; p less than .001). Duration of total right ventricular endocardial activation was 36 msec (seven patients). The final site of right ventricular activation was at 44 msec after the onset of the QRS complex. We conclude that (1) right ventricular activation occurs before initiation of left ventricular activation in patients with LBBB, (2) left ventricular endocardial activation in patients with LBBB most likely occurs as a result of right-to-left transseptal activation, (3) left ventricular endocardial activation sequence in patients with LBBB is heterogeneous, and (4) patients with coronary artery disease and LBBB have significantly longer total left ventricular endocardial activation times than patients with no organic heart disease or those with cardiomyopathies.
LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSSYNCHRONY BY PHASE ANALYSIS IS A PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY IN END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE
Authors: Himanshu Aggarwal, Fadi G. Hage, Wael Aljaroudi, Rajesh Venkataraman, Jaekyeong Heo, Ami E. Iskandrian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Delayed Complications From Exposure to Improvised Explosive Devices
Authors: Peter J. Cawley, Nahush A. Mokadam
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters17 August 2010Delayed Complications From Exposure to Improvised Explosive DevicesPeter J. Cawley, MD and Nahush A. Mokadam, MDPeter J. Cawley, MDFrom University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Search for more papers by this author and Nahush A. Mokadam, MDFrom University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-4-201008170-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: Immediate injuries from improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have been described elsewhere (1), and an awareness of delayed injuries, such as traumatic brain injury, is emerging.Objective: To describe a case of delayed injury from an IED, which has not been reported before.Case Report: A U.S. Army soldier aged 31 years was exposed to IEDs on 3 occasions over 9 months in Iraq. The explosions occurred while he was in a vehicle and caused him to be displaced within the vehicle. During each exposure, he was wearing protective body armor that covered his torso and he did not have ...References1. DePalma RG, Burris DG, Champion HR, Hodgson MJ. Blast injuries. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1335-42. [PMID: 15800229] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Prêtre R, Chilcott M. Blunt trauma to the heart and great vessels. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:626-32. [PMID: 9032049] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Sbokos CG, Karayannacos PE, Kontaxis A, Kambylafkas J, Skalkeas GD. Traumatic hemopericardium and chronic constrictive pericarditis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1977;23:225-9. [PMID: 849027] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Peter J. Cawley, MD; Nahush A. Mokadam, MDAffiliations: From University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBridging the Gap of Standardized Animals Models for Blast Neurotrauma: Methodology for Appropriate Experimental TestingTraumatic white matter injury and glial activation: From basic science to clinics 17 August 2010Volume 153, Issue 4Page: 278-279KeywordsEdemaFatigueLeft ventricleMagnetic resonance imagingPericardiumRespirationRight ventricleSigns and symptomsThoraxTraumatic brain injury ePublished: 17 August 2010 Issue Published: 17 August 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 4392: Targeting HADC-2: Chemopreventive effect of OSU-HDAC42 on rat colon carcinogenesis and APCmin/+ Mice intestinal tumorigenesis.
Authors: Durgadevi Ravillah, Li Qian, Misty Brewer, Yuting Zhang, Laura Biddick, Venkateshwar Madka, Jagan M.R. Patlolla, Altaf Mohammed, Vernon Steele, Chintalapally V. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Epigenetic modulators particularly histone deacetylases (HDACs) are valid targets cancer for prevention and Therapy. Recent studies from our laboratory and others suggest that HDAC-2 over-expression is associated with colon tumor progression and potential target for colon cancer prevention. The present study explored the chemopreventive effects of novel HDAC-2 inhibitor, OSU-HDAC42, in a mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We used a rat colon carcinogenesis model assay, inhibition of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) development, as measure of the dose-response and chemopreventive effects. Colonic ACF were induced by azoxymethane (AOM) (15 mg/kg BW once weekly for 2 weeks by s.c. injection at the age of 8 and 9 weeks). One week after AOM-treatment groups of rats were fed AIN-76A diet containing 0, 75, 150 and 300 ppm OSU-HDAC42 for eight-weeks, and then colonic ACF were evaluated. Six week-old male C57Bl/6J-APCmin/+ and wild type mice were fed AIN-76A diet containing 150 ppm OSU-HADC42 or 300 ppm SAHA for 80 days. At ∼120 days of age, all mice were killed, and the intestines were evaluated for polyps. Dietary administration of OSU-HDAC42 produced a dose-dependent inhibition of AOM-induced colonic ACF formation (by 13-50%, p&amp;lt;0.05 -0.001) and reduced the number of foci with ≥4 crypts/focus (by 25-57%, P&amp;lt;0.05-0.0001) in F344 rats. 150 ppm OSU-HDAC42 significantly inhibited development of small intestinal (&amp;gt;46%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and colon tumors (&amp;gt;26%, P≥0.05) in APCmin/+ mice. Whereas 300 ppm SAHA showed limited non-significant inhibition of intestinal polyp formation in APCmin/+ mice. Further, OSU-HDAC42 showed inhibition in small intestinal polyps size measuring 1-2-mm (P&amp;lt;0.001). Importantly, mice fed with 150ppm OSU-HDAC42 showed significant reduction in HDAC-2, PCNA, CyclinA, CDK2, CDC25C expression pattern and increased p53 expression levels. These observations demonstrate that novel HDAC inhibitor, OSU-HDAC42 potential chemopreventive against the chemically-induced and polyposis models of colon tumorigenesis. {This work is supported by NCI-N01-CN53300} Citation Format: Durgadevi Ravillah, Li Qian, Misty Brewer, Yuting Zhang, Laura Biddick, Venkateshwar Madka, Jagan M.R. Patlolla, Altaf Mohammed, Vernon Steele, Chintalapally V. Rao. Targeting HADC-2: Chemopreventive effect of OSU-HDAC42 on rat colon carcinogenesis and APCmin/+ Mice intestinal tumorigenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4392. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4392
AN ASSAY METHOD FOR LEUKOCYTE PYROGEN
Authors: P. A. Murphy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

A method for assaying leukocyte pyrogen is described which is shown to remain valid despite the presence of very large amounts of bacterial endotoxin. It uses a combination of two procedures to inactivate endotoxin: incubation in normal rabbit plasma for 24 hr at 37 degrees C, and injection into rabbits rendered refractory to endotoxin. The validity of the assay was confirmed by formal statistical methods. A simplified assay method is also described which lacks full statistical validity, but is more suitable for routine use.
A NEW BREAD FOR DIABETICS.
Authors: N. S. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1898)

I do not propose to present a formal paper to this Section, but to exhibit a flour and samples of bread which have been invented and prepared by a patient of mine, who, himself a diabetic, has for a number of years experienced the need of a substitute for wheat bread. When treatment is first begun a diabetic should be placed upon a strictly non-saccharine and nonamylaceous diet, in order to determine how far the disease can be controlled by diet. This change should not be made abruptly, but gradually, during a week or ten days' time. If the change is made abruptly, appetite often fails and malaise increases; in some cases untoward symptoms may arise and coma has not infrequently been observed to develop. A rigid diet can not be long maintained. Nor is it necessary so to do. In the least severe cases a modicum of carbohydrates can
Evaluating laboratory diagnostic tests
Authors: Tom Walley
Journal: BMJ (2008)

International collaboration to set standards and methods is urgently needed

Recent technological developments have created a new generation of laboratory diagnostics, which promise to provide better ways of detecting diseases and monitoring response to treatment. These tests create the possibility of earlier and more accurate diagnosis, and of shifting health care from hospitals to the community—making it more effective, efficient, and accessible. But two recent reports—one of which is published this week—highlight the relatively low importance given by clinicians and policy makers to evaluating laboratory diagnostic tests.1 2 In an accompanying analysis, Melzer and colleagues outline the problems caused by this, specifically relating to the evaluation of genetic tests, and propose ways of overcoming them.3

So how should we evaluate tests? First, we must be clear about the purpose of the test—whether it is meant to diagnose, monitor, guide prognosis or treatment, or predict risk. Then the context in which it is used needs to be specified—for example, the disorder or disease, its prevalence in a particular population, and the care pathway that the test …
Oncozoons and the search for carcinogen-indicator fishes.
Authors: C J Dawe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

This essay attempts to bring into perspective the importance of hereditary as well as environmental factors as potential causes of neoplasms in feral fishes. Concepts delineated by Knudson regarding hereditary cancers in man and experimental animals will probably be found operative in certain demographic units (oncozoons) among feral fishes bearing neoplasms. Hereditary factors include: antioncogenes (regulatory genes), which act as suppressors of neoplastic expression in homozygous, heterozygous, or hemizygous states, as well as constitutional (structural) genes that influence carcinogen activation or deactivation through enzyme gene products, genes that influence immunologic responses, and gene abnormalities that favor spontaneous or induced mutations. The two major classes of genes (oncogenes and antioncogenes) that influence the manifestation of cancers appear to operate through different mechanisms, but conceivable interactions have not been widely investigated, especially in tumor enzootics among feral fishes. Some explorations have been undertaken in the laboratory by Anders and collaborators in studies of suppressor genes (antioncogenes) and the cellular sarc gene (an oncogene) in melanophoromas in platyfish-swordtail hybrids and backcrosses. Some feral fish oncozoons that exhibit features of hereditary oncodemes as seen in man have been tentatively identified here as candidate systems to be studied more intensively in laboratories, particularly using cytogenetic analysis and breeding methods. In the search for carcinogen-indicator fish species in feral habitats, the traditional approach has been to survey fish populations with the aim of first finding enzootics of fish neoplasia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PREDICTORS OF RECURRENCE OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCKS AFTER ORAL METOPROLOL IN PATIENTS OF THROMBOLYSED ACUTE INFERIOR MI WITH RECOVERED COMPLETE HEART BLOCK&amp;rdquo;
Authors: Ram Kirti Saran, Sudhanshu Dwivedi, Naveed Ahmed, Vikas Singh, Sharad Chandra, rishi sethi, Aniket Puri, Varun S. Narain
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Rethrombosis — Warfarin or Low-Dose Heparin?
Authors: Stanford Wessler, Sanford N. Gitel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Clinical trials have inherent limitations that frequently lead to wide disagreements among both statisticians and clinicians.1 In fact, continued criticisms of clinical trials have produced skepticism about the value of antithrombotic agents in routine practice. As a result of this skepticism, appropriate therapeutic measures may not be accepted by the medical community at large. This is particularly true in venous thromboembolism, in which the physician can always recognize failure ("break-through" thrombosis or serious hemorrhage) and yet never be aware of success — a dilemma that requires belief in the validity of statistical analysis for anticoagulants to be widely accepted.Nor . . .
MiR-29a down-regulation in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas contributes to apoptosis blockade through MCL-1 overexpression
Authors: Cécile Desjobert, Marie-Hélène Renalier, Julie Bergalet, Emilie Dejean, Nicole Joseph, Anna Kruczynski, Jean Soulier, Estelle Espinos, Fabienne Meggetto, Jérome Cavaillé, Georges Delsol, Laurence Lamant
Journal: Blood (2011)
Accidental ingestion of methadone Child resistant containers needed
Authors: M Jacobs, C Moulton, A Gray, D Hodgkinson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Accidental ingestion of methadone Child resistant containers are needed

EDITOR, - I was annoyed to read J M Binchy and colleagues' report about accidental ingestion of methadone by children, which in some cases, led to death.1 Last year I published a letter about accidental self poisoning with a cough syrup in a child.2 Several letters were published from people who agreed with my identification of the need for legislation to make child resistant containers for liquid dose prescribable medications compulsory. Among these letters was one from the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of …
Clinical Evaluation and Multiphasic Screening
Authors: BARBARA BATES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Multiphasic screening has been suggested as one method of controlling access to the medical care system. The suggestion was probably based on the assumption that screening can identify most of the problems that would be found by the physician. Our study was designed to compare the apparent problems identified by screening with those found on clinical evaluation. Forty-seven persons seeking employment were examined independently by both methods. Only 17% of the conditions were identified in common by both screening and clinical evaluation. Twenty-six percent of the conditions were found by clinical evaluation alone and 57% by screening alone. The study was replicated in a small group of clinic patients, with similar results. The two methods of patient evaluation appear to supplement each other rather than substitute for each other.
Low-Dose Radiation and Leukemia
Authors: Athena Linos, Joel E. Gray, Alan L. Orvis, Robert A. Kyle, W. Michael O'Fallon, Leonard T. Kurland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We investigated the effect of diagnostic and low-level therapeutic radiation (less than 300 rads to the bone marrow) on the development of leukemia. During this study, 138 patients with leukemia (representing all known incidence cases of leukemia in residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, between 1955 and 1974) were each matched with two controls, and the lifelong experiences of both groups with regard to diagnostic and therapeutic radiation were ascertained. No statistically significant increase was found in the risk of developing leukemia after radiation doses of 0 to 300 rads (3 Gy) to the bone marrow when these amounts were administered in small doses over long periods of time, as in routine medical care.
The efficacy of intermittent coronary sinus occlusion in the absence of coronary artery collaterals.
Authors: E J Toggart, S H Nellis, A J Liedtke
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of time-controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion (ICSO) in preserving regional and global mechanical function during acute ischemia in an animal preparation without significant arterial collateral vessels. Seventeen (eight control, nine ICSO) swine heart preparations undergoing extracorporeal coronary perfusion in situ were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) distal to the first major diagonal branch. Data were obtained before and immediately after coronary artery ligation in both animal groups. ICSO, 15 sec of occlusion alternating with 5 sec of release, was then begun in the treatment group. Additional data were obtained in both control and treatment groups at 15 min intervals for 1 hr starting immediately after coronary artery ligation. Global left ventricular function was assessed by shifts in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and left ventricular dP/dt with left ventricular systolic pressure maintained at about 100 mm Hg. Regional mechanical function was evaluated with transmurally placed ultrasonic crystals. Pressure was also measured directly in the coronary sinus and LAD distal to the ligature. Regional myocardial blood flow was measured in the ischemic bed using 9 micron diameter radiolabeled microspheres injected before, immediately after, and 60 min after coronary artery ligation in both treated and control animals. LAD mean pressure measured distal to the ligation (less than 16 mm Hg) and ischemic bed myocardial blood flow (less than 0.01 ml/g/min) confirmed the absence of significant arterial-arterial collaterals in this preparation. Mean coronary sinus pressure increased significantly (p less than .001) in treated animals during ICSO (e.g., 11.2 +/- 1.6 to 66.2 +/- 10.0 mm Hg at 15 min after coronary ligation). Mean LAD pressure distal to the coronary ligature also increased during ICSO (14.2 +/- 1.2 to 26.8 +/- 1.6 mm Hg), with a similar but delayed rate of pressure rise. No significant differences in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure or left ventricular dP/dt were noted between control or treated animals after coronary ligation. Ischemic bed systolic wall thickening, present before coronary ligation, was not present after occlusion and was not improved during intermittent coronary sinus occlusion in the treatment group. We conclude that in an animal preparation without significant collateral circulation, intermittent coronary sinus occlusion is incapable of restoring regional or global left ventricular mechanical function during conditions of acute ischemia.
628 The foetal-maternal circulation of bile acids and bilirubin: Effects of cholestasis and ursodeoxycholic acid administration
Authors: E. Baglivo, E. Azzaroli, M. Montagnani, V. Feletti, E. Simoni, M. Locatelll, D. De Aloysio, G. Pelusi, E. Lodato, D. Festi, A. Colecchia, A. Roda, E. Roda, G. Mazzella
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Atypical Presentation of Paget’s Disease on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: PHILIP T. MINSHEW, FRANK V. SCHRAML, DONALD J. FLEMMING, EUGENE D. SILVERMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 76-year-old man with a history of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was evaluated for possible Paget’s disease (PD) based on an elevated alkaline phosphatase level of 197 U/l (normal, 36 to 126 U/l) and a urinary hydroxyproline level of 68 mg per 24 hours (normal, 5 to 65 mg). Roentgenograms of the posteroanterior and lateral chest, lateral lumbar spine, and sacroiliac joints revealed marked kyphosis within the thoracic spine and a flowing anterior syndesmophyte and ankylosis of the sacroiliac joints consistent with AS. The films also showed expansion, prominent trabecula, end cortical thickening of affected thoracic ribs, and L2–L3 vertebral bodies, consistent with PD. Additional changes of PD were seen in the T7–T10 vertebral bodies and the anterior syndesmophyte bridging these levels. Anterior and posterior whole-body scintiscans were obtained after intravenous administration of 25 mCi Tc-99m MDP. The scintigrams showed typical increased uptake in the T7–T11 and L2–L3 vertebrae, consistent with PD. In addition, they demonstrated increased uptake in the posterior seventh through tenth ribs bilaterally, corresponding in location to the pagetoid changes seen on the roentgenograms. This bone scan appearance is unusual in that unlike the typical PD presentation (i.e., extension distally from the articular surface of the bone without crossing of the joint), PD in this case extended across joints fused by AS. FIGURE 1Fig. 1: (A) A lateral chest radiograph reveals increased cortical and trabecular thickness of the right seventh to ninth ribs (black arrows) and T7–T10 vertebral bodies, characteristic of PD. There is evidence of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament, consistent with AS. (B) Coned-down anteroposterior view of the ribs shows expansion and trabecular and cortical thickening of the seventh to ninth thoracic ribs (black arrowheads), consistent with PD. (C) A lateral lumbar spine radiograph shows squaring of the lumbar vertebral bodies and anterior syndesmophytes, consistent with AS. The enlargement of L2–L3 vertebral bodies (asterisks) is characteristic of PD. (D) A posteroanterior radiograph of the pelvis shows ankylosis of the two sacroiliac joints.FIGURE 2Fig. 2: Anterior and posterior whole-body scintiscans show uptake in the thoracolumbar spine, corresponding with the radiographic findings of trabecular and cortical thickening in these regions. There is a striking increase in uptake in the seventh to tenth posterior ribs, bilaterally, consistent with the unusual presentation of PD extending across joints fused by AS. Incidentally noted is increased linear uptake in the sternum from a median sternotomy incision for a previous coronary artery bypass graft procedure.
Controlled trial of trimipramine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and combined treatment in depressed outpatients.
Authors: J P Young, M H Lader, W C Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A study was carried out in which 135 mildly or moderately depressed outpatients were randomly allocated to one of five groups receiving six weeks9 treatment weith antidepressant drugs. The groups received a tricyclic antidepressant (trimipramine; mean dose 106 mg at night) or a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) (phenelzine or isocarboxazid; mean doses 45 and 32 mg/day respectively), or a combination of the two (phenelzine plus trimipramine or isocarboxazid plus trimipramine). Various scales were used to measure depression before and at one, three, and six weeks of treatment, and results were assessed blindly. The tricyclic antidepressant was found to be consistently superior to the MAOIs and the combined treatments. Some differential indicators of response to the various antidepressants were found--for example, patients with initial complaints of dizziness, suicidal ideas, irritability, and insomnia and a longer duration of illness were more likely to respond to trimipramine--but these were of only modest significance. Side effects were not troublesome in any group. It is concluded that neither MAOIs nor MAOIs combined with tricyclic antidepressants are the treatment of first choice in unselected outpatients with mild or moderate depression.