tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Lecture on Diseases of the Ear in Relation to Pyaemia and Cerebral Abscess
Authors: W. B. Dalby
Journal: BMJ (1874)

THE BRITISH AfEDICAL 70URNAL.337viz., that in the museum of St. George's Hospital, which weighed over four pounds, and where no cause of obstruction was discernible ; but it is imiore constanitly the case in such hypertrophies, for instance, as that of the thyroid gland, a part which is frequently the seat of new growth, as distinguishe(d from enlargement.Also, it is most strikingly true, that those parts wzhich are subject to occasional or periodical enlargement, or on which the overgrow\th is cons.equent to change, perhaps functional, in some other organ.Take, I-or instance, the uterus and mammary gland in wvomen.Whatever the mechanism may be, there is no doubt some mechanism by which these parts are especially disposed to abnormally rapid nutri- tioni an(l activity of growth under particular circumstances.Thlis ma- chinery will, we kniow, from time to time, act blindly.The uterus will enilarge aroun(l a tumour, or a mole, and finally contract upoIn it, as in parturition; and the mammae will often enlarge sympathetically with various affectionis of the uterus, not necessarily with pregnancy.(Lee's i.2ctures on Mid7vifery, p. I69.) Can we doubt that some disordered action of this mechanism is an important factor in the production of tuTnours in these parts, and that the remarkable frequency of new -rowths in the mammx and uterus is partly thus to be explained ?[To be contfinued.
The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxyΔ12,14-prostaglandin J2 attenuates the development of zymosan-induced shock
Authors: Stefania Marzocco, Rosanna Di Paola, Emanuela Mazzon, Tiziana Genovese, Domenico Britti, Aldo Pinto, Giuseppina Autore, Salvatore Cuzzocrea
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2005)
Index Matching to Improve Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Through Blood
Authors: Mark Brezinski, Kathleen Saunders, Christine Jesser, Xingde Li, James Fujimoto
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Most myocardial infarctions are caused by the rupture of small rather than large plaques in the arteries of the heart that are beyond the detection limit of current technologies. Methods and Results —Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has demonstrated considerable potential as a method for high-resolution assessment of vulnerable plaque. However, intravascular OCT imaging is complicated by the need to remove blood from the imaging field because blood results in substantial signal attenuation. This work examines index matching as a method for increasing penetration. Index matching is based on the hypothesis that the predominant source of scattering in blood is the difference in refractive index between the cytoplasm of erythrocytes and serum. By increasing the refractive index of serum to a value near that of the cytoplasm, or index matching, scattering can be substantially reduced. The concept was tested with a system that pumped blood in vitro through transparent tubing. The test compounds, dextran and intravenous contrast agent, both led to significant improvements in penetration (69±12% and 45±4%). No significant effect was seen with the saline control. For dextran, the effect could not be attributed to reductions of red cell number or volume because changes in these parameters were not different from the control. In the case of intravenous contrast, a small but significant relative reduction in red cell volume was seen. Conclusions —This study demonstrates the feasibility of index matching for improving OCT imaging through blood. Future studies are required to identify compounds for effective index matching in vivo.
Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Michael Miller, Neil J. Stone, Christie Ballantyne, Vera Bittner, Michael H. Criqui, Henry N. Ginsberg, Anne Carol Goldberg, William James Howard, Marc S. Jacobson, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Terry A. Lennie, Moshe Levi, Theodore Mazzone, Subramanian Pennathur
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Antibiotic-resistant <i>Enterobacter</i> and the Newer Cephalosporins
Authors: Ellen J. Mangione, John M. Douglas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 April 1992Antibiotic-resistant Enterobacter and the Newer CephalosporinsEllen J. Mangione, MD, MPH, John M. Douglas, MDEllen J. Mangione, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this author, John M. Douglas, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-8-700 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The results of a recent study conducted by Chow and colleagues (1) indicated that newer-generation cephalosporins should be used cautiously in treating Enterobacter bacteremias. They showed an associated higher risk for subsequent infection with a strain that is resistant to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics and the greater mortality associated with these strains (1).Although Chow and coworkers (1) showed a relation between presence in the intensive care unit at time of the initial blood culture and mortality, they did not explore the potentially important relation between hospitalization in the intensive care unit and use of newer cephalosporins. These...References1. Chow J, Fine M, and Shales D. Enterobacter bacteremia: clinical features and emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:585-90. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Sanders C. New beta-lactams: new problems for the internist. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:650-1. LinkGoogle Scholar1. Chow J, Fine M, and Shales D. Enterobacter bacteremia: clinical features and emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:585-90. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ellen J. Mangione, MD, MPH; John M. Douglas, MDAffiliations: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, CO PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIONS IN THE CANCER PATIENT 15 April 1992Volume 116, Issue 8Page: 700-701KeywordsAntibioticsBacteremiaBloodEnterobacterHospitalizationsIntensive care unitsMortality ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 April 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT MODES OF DAPT CESSATION AND MAJOR ADVERSE EVENTS AT 6 MONTHS AND BEYOND: INSIGHTS FROM THE PARIS REGISTRY
Authors: Mikkel M. Schoos, Samantha Sartori, Usman Baber, Philippe Steg, Cono Ariti, Giora Weisz, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Timothy Henry, Annapoorna Kini, Thomas Stuckney, David Cohen, Peter Berger, George Dangas, Ron Waksman, Mitchell Krucoff, David Antoniucci, James Hermiller, Fayaz Shawl, C. Michael Gibson, Alaide Chieffo, David Moliterno, Antonio Colombo, Stuart Pocock, Roxana Mehran, Maria Alu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Reliability of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism in Testing
Authors: Masato Odawara
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 May 1997Reliability of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism in TestingMasato Odawara, MD and Kamejiro Yamashita, MDMasato Odawara, MDUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomUniversity of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this author and Kamejiro Yamashita, MDUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomUniversity of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-10-199705150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Winkelmann and colleagues [1] reported that deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is not associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease. Their findings are contradictory to those of many previous studies. It has also been reported that mistyping frequently occurs in the genotyping of the ACE gene [2]. Winkelmann and colleagues confirmed the genotypes by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and included dimetyl-sulfoxide in the reaction mixture. However, our recent observation indicates that confirmation of deletion polymorphism by this method also frequently leads to erroneous results [3].By comparing various ...References1. Winkelmann BR, Nauck M, Klein B, Russ AP, Bohm BO, Siekmeier R, et al. Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is associated with increased plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity but not with increased risk for myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:19-25. Google Scholar2. Fogarty DG, Maxwell AP, Doherty CC, Hughes AE, Nevin NC. ACE gene typing. Lancet. 1994; 343:851. Google Scholar3. Odawara M, Matsunuma A, Yamashita K. Mistyping frequency of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and an improved method for its avoidance. Hum Genet. [In press]. Google Scholar4. Soubrier F, Nadaud S, Williams TA. Angiotensin I converting enzyme gene: regulation, polymorphism and implications in cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J. 1994; 15(Suppl D):24-9. Google Scholar5. Iwai N, Ohmichi N, Nakamura Y, Kinoshita M. DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is a risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation. 1994; 90:2622-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomUniversity of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1997Volume 126, Issue 10Page: 828KeywordsAngiotensin converting enzymeEnzymesGenotypingHypertensionMyocardial infarctionPolymerase chain reactionReproducibilityRisk managementStable coronary artery disease Issue Published: 15 May 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Global and organ-specific chronic graft-versus-host disease severity according to the 2005 NIH Consensus Criteria
Authors: Sally Arai, Madan Jagasia, Barry Storer, Xiaoyu Chai, Joseph Pidala, Corey Cutler, Mukta Arora, Daniel J. Weisdorf, Mary E. D. Flowers, Paul J. Martin, Jeanne Palmer, David Jacobsohn, Steven Z. Pavletic, Georgia B. Vogelsang, Stephanie J. Lee
Journal: Blood (2011)
Publication: an ethical imperative
Authors: J. Pearn
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Publication of medical research is both a monitor of the researcher's ethics and an audit of the local or regional ethics committee that approved it. Selectivity of publication or of the intention to publish lessens this audit. Opinions differ about what is ethically allowable in clinical and benchtop medical research. Ethical permission and ethical monitoring of medical research are subject to a hierarchy of pyramidal controls, starting in hospital and ending with the local, institutional, or regional ethics committee. Currently, such committees function with widely varying degrees of efficiency and quality of output, and with differing viewpoints on many ethical issues. Without an a priori insistence by institutional ethics committees that there be an intention to publish all medical research involving human subjects, ethics committees cannot routinely be subject to the scrutiny or audit which they themselves demand of researchers.
Changing Incidence of Major Amputation for Diabetes in Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro, Between 1994 and 2004
Authors: Dragan S. Tesic, Pavle Pantelinac, Svetolik Avramov, Vladimir Vukobratov, Janko Pasternak, William Jeffcoate
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The reduction in incidence of major amputation for diabetes is an accepted target of health care, but the extent to which this is being achieved is unclear (1). Assessment of the published literature is made especially difficult by the effect of population selection and by a rapid increase in the prevalence of known diabetes in most countries. For the most meaningful results, it follows that data should be derived from unselected and circumscribed populations and should be expressed in terms of the number in the community with diabetes …
Effect of Lithium Carbonate, Placebo, and Thioridazine on Hyperactive Children
Authors: PAUL L. WHITEHEAD, LINCOLN D. CLARK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The authors describe a pilot study of hyperactive children given lithium carbonate alternately with placebo and thioridazine. There was no difference between the activity level and behavior occurring with lithium intake and that occurring with placebo intake; thioridazine produced some reduction of activity. Six of seven children were described as improved in activity and general behavior, which is attributed to the placebo effect of the treatment.
Treatment of Nonfatal Conditions at the End of Life
Authors: Eleni Linos, Rupa Parvataneni, Sarah E. Stuart, W. John Boscardin, C. Seth Landefeld, Mary-Margaret Chren
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer and predominantly affects older patients. Because NMSCs do not typically affect survival or short-term quality of life, the decision about whether and how to treat patients with limited life expectancy (LLE) is challenging, especially for asymptomatic tumors.
Restoration of cerebral blood flow autoregulation and reactivity to carbon dioxide in acute liver failure by moderate hypothermia
Authors: Rajiv Jalan, Steven W.M. Olde Damink, Nicolaas E.P. Deutz, Peter C. Hayes, Alistair Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

In patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and uncontrolled intracranial hypertension, moderate hypothermia (32 degrees C) reduces intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), and can be used as a bridge to liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that moderate hypothermia reduced ICP by restoring CBF autoregulation. Nine patients with uncontrolled intracranial hypertension and ALF who fulfilled the criteria for poor prognosis were studied. CBF autoregulation and reactivity to carbon dioxide were evaluated before and 4 hours after cooling (32 degrees C). Significant reductions were observed in the ICP (median, 46 [range, 27-54] mm Hg to 19 [15-22] mm Hg; P <.01) and CBF (median, 111 [69-134] to 56 [38-67] mL/100 g/min; P <.05). The defective CBF autoregulation and the absence of reactivity to carbon dioxide that was observed in all patients was restored with cooling. The results of our study suggest that the improvement in ICP observed with hypothermia may be the result of its effects on CBF autoregulation and provides a tool to explore the mechanisms associated with the deranged CBF autoregulation in ALF.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: L. Desbaillets, J. Mangla
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

Four cases of Barrett's esophagus are presented. Diagnosis was confirmed by multiple serial biopsies of the esophagus. There are many features on endoscopic examination which suggest the diagnosis of this anomaly. These features are described in detail along with endoscopic pictures.
Preferential Cutaneous Infiltration by Neoplastic Thymus-Derived Lymphocytes
Authors: RICHARD L. EDELSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

The abnormal lymphocytes from three patients with mycosis fungoides and from four patients with lymphocytic leukemia accompanied by exfoliative erythroderma were shown to have membrane properties of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells). Several other significant features were identified in the four patients with lymphocytic leukemia. The neoplastic lymphocytes from three patients had morphologic characteristics of the "small cell variant" of the Sézary cell. Cells from the other patient had both bone marrow-derived (B)- and T-cell markers. T cells from two patients were essentially unresponsive to mitogens, and one patient's lymphocytes failed to stimulate allogeneic normal lymphocytes in mixed leukocyte cutures, despite the presence of histocompatability antigens. The abnormal, circulating T cells in each of the four leukemic patients not only preferentially infiltrated the skin but remarkably spared the bone marrow. These findings suggest that lymphoproliferative disorders with widespread cutaneous infiltration are frequently T-cell malignancies with several distinguishing cellular features.
Clinical features of idiopathic megarectum and idiopathic megacolon.
Authors: J M Gattuso, M A Kamm
Journal: Gut (1997)

Dilatation of the rectum and/or colon, in the absence of demonstrable organic disease, is an uncommon and poorly characterised condition.To characterise the clinical and diagnostic features, and response to treatment, of patients with idiopathic megarectum (IMR) and idiopathic megacolon (IMC).A retrospective review was undertaken of all patients operated on for these conditions over a 23 year period. In addition all patients treated over a three year period were prospectively studied by means of a questionnaire, contrast studies of the upper and lower intestine, spine x rays to exclude spinal dysraphism, anorectal physiological studies, and assessment of clinical outcome. Patients with Hirschsprung's disease and other known causes of gut dilatation were excluded.(i) Retrospective study: Of 63 operated patients, 22 had IMR, 23 had IMR and IMC, and 18 had IMC only. Five patients with IMC had previous sigmoid volvulus, and three had associated non-gastrointestinal congenital abnormalities. Faecal incontinence was always associated with rectal impaction and 14 patients (82%) with IMR alone had had manual disimpaction. (ii) Prospective study: Twenty two patients had IMR, with a median rectal diameter of 10 cm (normal < 6.5 cm). Six patients had IMC and one patient had IMR and IMC. Patients with IMR were significantly (p = 0.0007) younger than patients with IMC. All patients with IMR became symptomatic in childhood, compared with half the patients with IMC who developed symptoms as adults. Patients with IMR all presented with soiling and impaction, compared with patients with IMC whose symptoms were variable and included constipation or increased bowel frequency, pain, and variable need for laxatives. No upper gut dilatation was seen in either group of patients. Spinal dysraphism was seen in two of 18 patients with IMR and two of four with IMC, suggesting extrinsic denervation as a possible cause in a minority. Twelve of 22 patients with IMR had a maximum anal resting pressure below normal, indicating sphincter damage or inhibition. Both IMR and IMC patients had altered rectal sensitivity to distension, suggesting that despite lack of dilatation the rectum in IMC has altered viscoelasticity, tone, or sensory function. Fifteen of 22 patients with IMR were successfully managed with laxatives or enemas, but seven required surgery. Two of seven patients with IMC required surgery, including one for sigmoid volvulus.Patients with IMR differ clinically, diagnostically, and in their outcome from patients with IMC. These conditions demand specific investigation, and intensive treatment, to achieve optimum care.
Autografting for chronic myeloid leukemia in transformation
Authors: J. Reiffers, P. Bernard, B. David, A. Broustet, William A. Robinson
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

We have read with interest the paper of Thomas et a1 entitled "Autologous Marrow Transplantation for Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) in Blast Crisis'' [I].We have now treated 20 patients with CML in transformation by intensive chemotherapy including high-dose cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and total body irradiation (1,000 rad) followed by autografting of cryopreserved haemopoietic stem cells collected from the patient's blood at the original diagnosis.As emphasized by Thomas and his colleagues, the major problem was the occurrence of recurrent blast crisis after reachievement of a second chronic phase [2].We should like to provide information about the origin of blast cells in recurrent transformation.In five patients in whom cytogenetical findings were available, the same abnormalities were demonstrated at the time of first and recurrent blast crises (Table I).TABLE I. Cytogenetic Findings in Five Patients Autografted for CML in Transformation*
Modeling Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Authors: Mark J. Pletcher, Jeffrey A. Tice, Michael Pignone
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An economic perspective on addiction and matching
Authors: David I. Laibson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Economic models of addiction are choice-based. These models push the choice paradigm too far by modeling addiction as rational, normative behavior. Heyman's target article provides a sensible alternative to this economic approach by emphasizing that addiction is characterized by ambivalence and a perceived loss of self control. However, matching may not be a satisfactory platform on which to build this alternative model. Matching experiments do not provide evidence of ambivalence or perceived loss of self control.
Enumeration of the frequency of Langerhans cells in epidermis: reply from authors
Authors: M. Cumberbatch, R.J. Dearman, I. Kimber, M. Bhushan, C.E.M. Griffiths, S.M. Andrew
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Enumeration of the frequency of Langerhans cells in epidermis: reply from authors Get access M. Cumberbatch, M. Cumberbatch Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. Dearman, R.J. Dearman Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Kimber, I. Kimber Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Bhushan, M. Bhushan Dermatopharmacology Unit, The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.E.M. Griffiths, C.E.M. Griffiths Dermatopharmacology Unit, The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.M. Andrew S.M. Andrew Department of Pathology, Hope Hospital, Salford, Manchester M6 8HD, U.K. E‐mail: marie.cumberbatch@syngenta.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 6, 1 December 2002, Page 1278, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.05000_11.x Published: 01 December 2002