tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reduced-intensity conditioning with combined haploidentical and cord blood transplantation results in rapid engraftment, low GVHD, and durable remissions
Authors: Hongtao Liu, Elizabeth S. Rich, Lucy Godley, Olatoyosi Odenike, Loren Joseph, Susana Marino, Justin Kline, Vu Nguyen, John Cunningham, Richard A. Larson, Paula del Cerro, Linda Schroeder, Lisa Pape, Wendy Stock, Amittha Wickrema, Andrew S. Artz, Koen van Besien
Journal: Blood (2011)
Systematic review of near patient test evaluations in primary care
Authors: B. C Delaney, C. J Hyde, R. J McManus, S. Wilson, D. A Fitzmaurice, S. Jowett, R. Tobias, G. H Thorpe, F D R. Hobbs
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To identify and qualitatively synthesise the findings from all studies that have examined the performance and effect of near patient tests in the primary care setting. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review of published and unpublished research 1986-99. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Test performance characteristics, measures of effect on clinical practice or patient outcome. <b>Results:</b> 101 relevant publications were identified. The general quality of these papers was low, and consequently only 32 papers were assessed in detail. Although these papers gave some indication of the value of near patient testing in areas such as anticoagulation monitoring and group A β haemolytic streptococcus testing, the research raised many more questions than it answered. Almost no reports were found of unbiased assessment of the effect of near patient tests in primary care on patient outcomes, organisational outcomes, or cost. <b>Conclusions:</b> Available research provides little evidence to guide the expansion of use of near patient testing in primary care. Further research is needed in areas of clinical practice where near patient tests might be most beneficial. <h3>Key messages</h3> Near patient testing is a rapidly evolving technology with potential to improve the quality of diagnosis and management in primary care The performance of most tests has not been adequately evaluated in primary care No robust studies of the effectiveness of near patient tests in improving patient outcomes have been conducted High quality evaluations of the performance and effectiveness of near patient tests in defined clinical situations are needed before further expansion
Additional Follow-up from the ABCD Trial in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension
Authors: Robert W. Schrier, Raymond O. Estacio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: In 1998 we presented data from the Appropriate Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes (ABCD) trial on the effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes after five years of follow-up in 470 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.1 The nisoldipine therapy was terminated in the cohort with hypertension on July 14, 1997, as recommended by the study's data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, there had been 25 myocardial infarctions in the nisoldipine group, as compared with 5 myocardial infarctions in the enalapril group, resulting in an unadjusted risk ratio of 5.5 (95 . . .
Biological Effects of rAAV-caAlk2 Coating on Structural Allograft healing
Authors: Mette Koefoed, Hiromu Ito, Kirill Gromov, David G. Reynolds, Hani A. Awad, Paul T. Rubery, Michael Ulrich-Vinther, Kjeld Soballe, Robert E. Guldberg, Angela S.P. Lin, Regis J. O'Keefe, Xinping Zhang, Edward M. Schwarz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Structural bone allografts often fracture due to their lack of osteogenic and remodeling potential. To overcome these limitations, we utilized allografts coated with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) that mediate in vivo gene transfer. Using beta-galactosidase as a reporter gene, we show that 4-mm murine femoral allografts coated with rAAV-LacZ are capable of transducing adjacent inflammatory cells and osteoblasts in the fracture callus following transplantation. While this LacZ vector had no effect on allograft healing, bone morphogenetic protein signals delivered via rAAV-caAlk2 coating induced endochondral bone formation directly on the cortical surface of the allograft by day 14. By day 28 there was evidence of remodeling of the new woven bone and massive osteoclastic resorption of the cortical surface of the rAAV-caAlk2-coated allografts only. Micro-CT analysis of rAAV-LacZ- vs rAAV-caAlk2-coated allografts after 42 days of healing demonstrated a significant increase in new bone formation (0.67 +/- 0.21 vs 2.49 +/- 0.40 mm(3); P < 0.005). Furthermore, the 3D micro-CT images of femurs grafted with rAAV-Alk2-coated allografts provided the first evidence that complete bridging of bone around a cortical allograft is possible. These results indicate that cell-free, rAAV-coated allografts have the potential to revitalize in vivo following transplantation.
Boot-Leg Phlebitis
Authors: Paul H. Steel
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Throughout the past winter, my practice was increased by a large influx of women patients whose ages ranged from 15 to 50 years. The sites of venous involvement lay primarily along the greater saphenous vein system of the upper medial aspect of the lower leg, some times bilaterally. There was no difference from the usual superficial thrombophlebitis. Redness, induration, pain, local temperature elevation, and propagation of a cord-like vein proximally and distally were present. The cause was at first obscure, but common denominator of age, sex, season, and style consciousness pointed to abrasive irritation and constriction from the upper end of malfitting dress boots which had been so enthusiastically accepted by the chic, well-attired ladies. Local soaks, rest, elevation, anti-inflamatory and enzymatic medications, coupled with the abstinence from the offending foot-leg wear, rapidly controlled the problem. As with other style-, custom-, or fad-related disabilities, "boot-leg phlebitis"
International agencies call for end to female genital mutilation
Authors: W. Cui
Journal: BMJ (2011)

An estimated 100 million to 140 million girls and women worldwide are suffering from the consequences of female genital mutilation, experts from the World Health Organization and the International Organization for Migration told a journalists’ briefing on Friday 4 February.

The agencies called the briefing to publicise the short and long term health problems associated with the practice, in advance of the international day of zero tolerance to female genital mutilation (Sunday 6 February).

The once remote practice, associated only with Africa, now threatens more than three million girls each year in Africa, the Middle East and elsewhere in Asia, and, with global migration, in many Western countries too, WHO experts said. Figures from the European parliament show that some 500 000 women and girls who have undergone female genital mutilation …
CONJUGATE LATERAL DEVIATION.
Authors: J. H. CLAIBORNE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

It seems a well-established fact that all the movements of the eyeball which are innervated from the cerebral cortex are associate or conjugate. It also seems well established that lateral conjugate movements of the eyeball can be effected through stimulation of the center for the sixth nerve, or on the floor of the fourth ventricle. Of the associate or conjugate movements of the eyeballs, the lateral ones are the most extensive; and this is consistent with the fact that the human being can move about on a plane surface to an extent which is limited only by physical obstruction or the deficiency of his motor apparatus. Dangers which threaten the human being come, as a rule, in the nature of things, from some direction in the plane on which he stands. They rarely come from above, and more rarely still from below. The associated movements of the eyeball downward are
Effect of thoracic blood volume changes on steady state cardiac output.
Authors: W Mitzner, H Goldberg, S Lichtenstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We have investigated the extent to which shifts of blood volume out of or into the thoracic region influence the steady state cardiac output. The systemic circulation of anesthetized dogs was replaced with an artificial circuit which stimulated the pertinent mechanical characteristics of an intact circulation. As in the normal animal, the steady state venous return was proportional to the pressure gradient for venous return (i.e, mean systemic minus right atrial pressure). Cardiac function was altered either by administration of epinephrine or by changes in left ventricular afterload. At a constant mean aortic pressure of 100 mm Hg, epinephrine administration increased the steady state cardiac output by 55%. Half of this increase resulted from the lowered mean right atrial pressure (caused by improved cardiac function); the remainder resulted from an increased mean systemic pressure (caused by the volume shift to the systemic circulation). Increases in afterload transferred sufficient volume to the heart-lung compartment to reduce significantly the mean systemic pressure and, hence, the steady state venous return. Our results indicate that the heart-lung compartment contains a significant volume which is under cardiac control. In addition to being able to alter the right atrial pressure, the heart can modulate the steady state cardiac output by adjusting the mean systemic pressure. To this degree the heart can adjust its own venous return.
Tetany induced by frusemide in latent hypoparathyroidism.
Authors: A Bashey, W MacNee
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Comeal isolatesfrom patients with microbial keratitis (n=32) Patients wearing contact lenses Patients not wearing Soft* Hardt Therapeutict contact lenses Bacterial Pure infections Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 Other pseudomonas 2 Other 1 2 1 4 Gram positive 4 8 Mixed bacterial infections Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa+Gram negative rod Gram positive and negative 1 Gram positive 2 Fungal 2 Subtotals 6 2 5 19Identity ofthe causative organism was confirmed by moderate growth ofan organism from the corneal scrapings on one solid medium, growth of the same organism in more than one liquid medium, or growth in one liquid medium that correlated with the Gram stain.*Soft contact lenses (all cosmetic daily and extended wear).tHard contact lenses (aphakia and keratoconus, daily wear).tTherapeutic contact lenses (hard daily and soft extended wear).keratitis after contamination by "background" levels of Gram negative bacteria that do not affect normal, non-lens users.Interactions between the lens, eye, and bacteria may well be ofgreater importance in the pathogenesis of keratitis associated with the use of lenses than has been appreciated and might explain some of the apparent differences not explained by contamina- tion of lens cases and solutions alone.5As contact lenses are becoming more common and are the main predisposing factor in microbial keratitis of normal eyes more research into the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention of keratitis is essential.Meanwhile, Gram negative keratitis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of all patients wearing contact lenses who present with an acutely painful red eye.Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to reduce the morbidity in this potentially blinding disease.I thank the consultant and resident staff at this hospital for facilitating examination of their patients; M Matheson for the microbiological data; R Escott and L Jones for clerical help; and Mr R Buckley, Professor B Jay, and Professor G Woodward for constructive criticism of the manuscript.
Effect of beta lactam antibiotic use in children on pneumococcal resistance to penicillin: prospective cohort study
Authors: D. Nasrin, P. J Collignon, L. Roberts, E. J Wilson, L. S Pilotto, R. M Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To examine the relation between use of antibiotics in a cohort of preschool children and nasal carriage of resistant strains of pneumococcus. <b>Design and participants:</b> Prospective cohort study over two years of 461 children aged under 4 years living in Canberra, Australia. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Use of drugs, respiratory symptoms, and visits to doctors were documented in a daily diary by parents of the children during 25 months of observation. Isolates of pneumococci, which were cultured from nasal swabs collected approximately six monthly, were tested for antibiotic resistance. <b>Results:</b> From the four swab collections 631 positive pneumococcal isolates from 461 children were found, of which 13.6% were resistant to penicillin. Presence of penicillin resistant pneumococci was significantly associated with children9s use of a β lactam antibiotic in the two months before each swab collection (odds ratio 2.03 (95% confidence interval 1.15 to 3.56, P=0.01)). The odds ratio of the association remained &gt;1 (though did not reach significance at the 0.05 level) for use in the six months before swab collection. The association was seen in children who received only penicillin or only cephalosporin antibiotics in that period. The odds ratio was 4.67 (1.29 to 17.09, P=0.02) in children who had received both types of β lactam in the two months before their nasal swab. The modelled odds of carrying penicillin resistant pneumococcus was 4% higher for each additional day of use of β lactam antibiotics in the six months before swab collection. <b>Conclusions:</b> Reduction in β lactam use could quickly reduce the carriage rates of penicillin resistant pneumococci in early childhood. In view of the propensity of these organisms to be spread among children in the community, the prevalence of penicillin resistant organisms may fall as a consequence. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Resistance to pneumococcal antibiotics is increasing worldwide One possible cause of resistance is the excessive use of antibiotics in children with respiratory symptoms Few cross sectional studies have looked at the association between antibiotic use and subsequent carriage of organisms resistant to penicillin <h3>What this study adds</h3> Carriage of pneumococcus is high in preschool Australian children throughout the year and highest in winter The likelihood of carrying penicillin resistant pneumococcus is doubled in children who have used any β lactam antibiotic in the two months before testing The likelihood of a child carrying a penicillin resistant pneumococcus is increased by 4% for each additional day of β lactam use in the six months before testing
α-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: Daniel Alagille
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Liver disease related to a-1-antitrypsin deficiency occurs only in Pi ZZ homozygous children. Eleven per cent of Pi ZZ infants present with prolonged neonatal cholestasis. In our group, 25 of 45 Pi ZZ infants with prolonged neonatal cholestasis presented with later cirrhosis. Persistence of jaundice beyond the sixth month of age, early development of splenomegaly, persistence of hard hepatomegaly and liver function abnormalities, and early portal fibrosis have a poor prognostic significance. The most severe course occurs in infants with an early histologic pattern of paucity of interlobular bile ducts. Portal hypertension was present in 19 of 25 children presenting with cirrhosis; 8 of 25 Pi ZZ children with cirrhosis died during childhood. Long-term protein-restricted diet and portal systemic shunts were helpful in treatment of four Pi ZZ children with cirrhosis; however, the long-term course in Pi ZZ children with cirrhosis is unpredictable.
Antiplatelet prophylaxis Combination treatment may cause bleeding
Authors: V Seagroatt, C Bulstrode, D W Murray, P H Wittmann, F W Wittmann, R Collins, C Baigent, R Peto, B Farrell, J L Sullivan
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Antiplatelet prophylaxisCombination treatment may cause bleeding EDITOR,-The Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration has carried out an important meta-analysis of antiplatelet prophylaxis used to reduce venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.'The results section of the abstract of the paper states: "Information on adding antiplatelet therapy to heparin was limited but, at least for pulmonary embolism, suggested more protection from the combination than from heparin alone."We suggest that consideration should be given to possible harmful effects of the combination of aspirin and heparin.The authors found a 62 (SD 33)% reduction in the odds of pulmonary embolism after the combined treatment compared with the same dose of heparin.They also noted a 12 (22)% reduction in the odds of deep vein thrombosis.They do not, however, present any comparisons of total mortality or of complications.We therefore made these comparisons, using data from individual trials given in appendix 1.We found that total mortality was higher with combination treatment than with heparin alone (table).Although this increase was not significant (neither was the reported reduction in pulmonary embolism), it is worrying when considered together with the much higher rate of complications related to bleeding after the combination treatment.In absolute terms the possible benefits of combination treatment could well be overturned by the possible harmful effects.There was a reduction of 0-6 cases of non-fatal pulmonary embolism per 100 patients allocated combination treatment but an increase of 0 9 deaths (all causes) and 4 0 complications related to bleeding per 100.These results highlight the importance of considering total mortality in any comparison of treatments and emphasise the need for caution in using this combination treatment for thrombo- prophylaxis.Nevertheless, we do not wish to detract from the importance of the results that were presented and the potential benefits of using aspirin on its own.
Effects of opiates during baroreceptor and ergoreceptor induced changes in blood pressure
Authors: C. A WILLIAMS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Various opioids were used to investigate the role they might play in the cardiovascular responses to fatiguing isometric contractions. Changes in blood pressure were measured in cats anaesthetised with α-chloralose. Fatiguing isometric contractions of the hind limb muscles (ergoreceptor activation) were generated using a microprocessor controlled stimulator (50 Hz, 0.2 ms, 200–800 mV). Baroreceptor inactivation was elicited by carotid artery occlusion. Muscle contraction caused an increase in mean arterial pressure of 51 (SEM 12) mm Hg and carotid occlusion an increase of 56(9) mm Hg above resting levels in control conditions. Injection of dynorphin (0.5–5.0 μg·5 μl−1) into the cerebral aqueduct just rostra1 to the 4th ventricle eliminated the pressor response to muscular contraction (mean arterial pressure at rest, 80–118 mm Hg: on fatigue, 72–129 mm Hg) but did not affect the pressor response to carotid occlusion in the same cats. Similarly, injections of met-enkephalin (1–100 μg·5 μl−1) or β-endorphin (10–100 μg·5 μl−1) eliminated the ergoreceptor induced changes in mean arterial pressure during isometric contractions but had no effect on the changes caused by carotid occlusion. Pressor responses to nerve crush were not eliminated. These results support the suggestion that a catecholaminergic-opioidergic pathway in part mediates the cardiovascular responses to ergoreceptor afferent but probably not baroreceptor afferent input.
TCT-682 Comparison of conventional surgery and transapical transcatheter approach for paravalvular leak closure in high risk patients: results from a single high volume institution.
Authors: Maurizio Taramasso, Paolo Denti, Micaela Cioni, Azeem Latib, Nicola Buzzatti, Giovanni La Canna, Ottavio Alfieri, Antonio Colombo, Francesco Maisano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
SCORE Study Report 1: Baseline Associations between Central Retinal Thickness and Visual Acuity in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Ingrid U. Scott, Paul C. VanVeldhuisen, Neal L. Oden, Michael S. Ip, Barbara A. Blodi, J. Michael Jumper, Maria Figueroa
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
Giving gut DCs personality
Authors: Amy Maxmen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

[Fortin and colleagues][1] grant a nameless group of dendritic cells (DCs) an identity and show that they promote Th17-mediated colitis.

![Figure][2] 

Treating mice with a CD47-blocker tamed intestinal inflammation.



Until now, some 40% of dendritic cells in the gut were characterized by
If quantum probability = classical probability + bounded cognition; is this good, bad, or unnecessary?
Authors: Tim Rakow
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Quantum probability models may supersede existing probabilistic models because they account for behaviour inconsistent with classical probability theory that are attributable to normal limitations of cognition. This intriguing position, however, may overstate weaknesses in classical probability theory by underestimating the role of current knowledge states and may under-employ available knowledge about the limitations of cognitive processes. In addition, flexibility in model specification has risks for the use of quantum probability.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy (TACE) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a comparative study using a matched untreated cohort
Authors: Maurizio Biselli, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Carmela Cursaro, Salvatore Ricca Rossellini, Cristina Rossi, Giuseppe Francesco Stefanini, Franco Trevisani, Mauro Bernardi, Pietro Andreone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Obesity, Leptin, and the Brain
Authors: Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud, Bernard Jeanrenaud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The notion that genetic abnormalities contribute to obesity gained important support with the identification of the ob gene and its protein product in 1994.1 The ob protein, termed “leptin” from the Greek leptos, meaning thin, is produced in adipose tissue and is thought to act as an afferent satiety signal in a feedback loop that putatively affects the appetite and satiety centers of the brain. The ultimate effect of this loop is to regulate body-fat mass. In ob/ob mice, which are markedly hyperphagic and obese, the ob gene is mutated and no leptin is produced; when given leptin, they stop . . .
Jihad and American Medicine: Thinking Like a Terrorist to Anticipate Attacks Via Our Health System
Authors: Joseph H. McIsaac
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal