tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 332: The role of OLA1, a novel obg-like ATPase, in epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Li Bai, Valentina Rubio, Renfang Mao, Huarong Chen, Oula C. Mansour, Zheng-Zheng Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Human OLA1 is a 45 kDa cytosolic protein that belongs to the YchF subfamily of Obg-like P-loop GTPases and is ubiquitously expressed in most tissues. YchF proteins are highly conserved from yeast to humans and all have a greater affinity for ATP than GTP. Based on structure analysis, OLA1 is predicted to be a regulatory protein that interacts with its client protein(s) and exerts its downstream functions by the conformational switch between the ADP- and ATP-bound forms. However, the actual physiological functions of OLA1 are poorly understood. Our earlier studies have suggested that OLA1 is a negative regulator of cellular antioxidant response and functions through post-transcriptional mechanisms (PNAS 2009; 106:15356). Oxidative stress, mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a fundamental phenotypic alteration closely associated with cancer progression and metastasis. In this study we investigated the effect of OLA1 on EMT and the possible underlying mechanisms. We first demonstrated that the human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells, after exposure to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 for 3 days, underwent EMT as evidenced by acquisition of a mesenchymal-like morphology, down-regulation of epithelial-specific marker E-cadherin, and induction of mesenchymal marker vimentin. However, knockdown of OLA1 with sequence-specific siRNA in A549 cells resulted in a significant attenuation of the TGF-β1-induced EMT phenotypes, including those in cellular morphology and the EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin, as compared with the cells transfected with the control non-targeting siRNA. Next, we questioned if this inhibitory effect on EMT was through inhibiting the Akt/GSK3β/Snail pathway. When treated with TGF-β1, OLA1-knockdown cells showed impaired GSK-3β phosphorylation (indicating an overactivation of GSK-3β), and subsequently reduced abundance of the transcription factor Snail that functions as the suppressor of E-cadherin gene expression. Concurrently, OLA1-knockdown cells exhibited significantly decreased TGF-β1-mediated intracellular ROS production assessed by DCFDA staining and flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, we found that treatment of H2O2 abrogated resistance of OLA1-knockdown cells to TGF-β1-induced EMT, evidenced by phosphorylation of GSK-3β, upregulation of Snail and changes in expression of EMT markers. These results suggest that OLA1 plays an important regulatory role in EMT of human cancer cells, and inhibition of OLA1 may have a negative effect on EMT, probably through down-regulation of the ROS-dependent TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 332. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-332
Abstract A8: GPNMB is an independent prognostic indicator of recurrence and a therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: April Rose, Andree-Anne Grosset, Zhifeng Dong, Nicholas Bertos, Ronit Simantov, Morag Park, Louis Gaboury, Peter Siegel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: While the murine orthologue of GPNMB (Glycoprotein non-metastatic B, DC-HIL, HGFIN), Osteoactivin, has been shown to promote breast cancer metastasis in an in vivo mouse model, its importance in human breast cancer is unknown. We have examined the significance of GPNMB expression as a prognostic indicator of recurrence and assessed its potential as a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer. Experimental Design: The clinical significance of GPNMB expression in breast cancer was addressed by analyzing GPNMB mRNA levels in several published gene expression datasets and by determining GPNMB protein expression in two independent tissue microarrays derived from human breast tumors. Human breast cancer cell lines endogenously or exogenously expressing GPNMB were further used to validate a toxin-conjugated anti-GPNMB antibody as a novel therapeutic agent. Results: GPNMB expression correlates with shorter times to recurrence and reduced overall survival of breast cancer patients. Epithelial-specific staining of GPNMB serves as an independent prognostic indicator for breast cancer recurrence. GPNMB is highly expressed in basal and triple-negative (TN) breast cancers and is associated with increased risk of recurrence within this subtype. GPNMB expression confers a more migratory and invasive phenotype on breast cancer cells. Treatment of mice harbouring endogenous GPNMB-expressing human breast cancer xenografts with CDX-011 (glembatumumab vedotin, CR011-vcMMAE), a GPNMB-targeted antibody-drug conjugate, induces and sustains tumor regression in vivo. Conclusions: GPNMB expression is associated with the basal/TN subtype and is a prognostic marker of poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. CDX-011 (glembatumumab vedotin) is a promising new targeted therapy for patients with metastatic TN breast cancers, a patient population that currently lacks targeted-therapy options. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):A8
BREATHING MECHANICS IN ASTHMA
Authors: MARVIN A. SACKNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Article1 February 1966BREATHING MECHANICS IN ASTHMAMARVIN A. SACKNERMARVIN A. SACKNERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-2-478 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:I am writing this letter to call your attention to a number of errors and misconceptions reported in an article by LeRoy and Guerrant, entitled "Breathing Mechanics in Asthma," published in the October 1965 issue of the ANNALS OFINTERNALMEDICINE. On p. 579, there is a statement in which the authors quote Marshall as saying that the functional residual capacity (FRC) increases as the lung compliance decreases. The authors then go on to interpret this statement in relation to their own data. Careful reading of Marshall's paper indicates that just the opposite is the case, that... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1966Volume 64, Issue 2Page: 478-479KeywordsAsthmaBreathingLungs Issue Published: 1 February 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Russians are unable to buy aspirin, paracetamol, and other basic drugs because of official bungle
Authors: A. Osborn
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Russian consumers are unable to obtain hundreds of types of basic drugs, tablets, and pharmaceutical products in their local chemist because of a bureaucratic snag.

The problem concerns the country’s government approved list of 522 pharmaceutical products officially classified as “essential for life.”

The government regulates the prices of the products on the list to keep them affordable for most of the population. It also guarantees that all state medical institutions will stock them.

But the prices and names of the products on the list …
Fund for patients with asbestos induced diseases may run out
Authors: Bob Burton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Documents tabled at an inquiry into a compensation fund for people with diseases induced by asbestos have shown that only months after the fund was established by an asbestos manufacturer the fund's chairman feared that it had a massive shortfall.

In February 2001 James Hardie Industries established a non-profit trust, the Medical Research and Compensation Foundation, with $A293m (£120m; $220m; €180m) of assets to cover the company's liabilities for asbestos induced diseases. Eight months after the company established the foundation it moved its head office to the Netherlands.

At the first hearing of the inquiry initiated …
Transmural changes in size, contractile and electrical properties of SHR left ventricular myocytes during compensated hypertrophy
Authors: Z MCCROSSAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: Some hypertrophic stimuli provoke responses from myocytes that vary across the thickness of the left ventricular wall. The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) is a well-established genetic model of hypertension and whole heart hypertrophy. Details of transmural responses to hypertension in the SHR are few, but are needed if the properties of this model are to be fully understood. We therefore tested the hypothesis that left ventricular myocytes of the SHR do not respond uniformly to their hypertensive environment. Methods: The volume, contraction and action potentials of enzymically isolated sub-epicardial (EPI) mid-myocardial (MID) and sub-endocardial (ENDO) myocytes from the left ventricle of 20-week-old SHR and normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) control rats were compared. Results: Compared to WKY, as a single population, SHR myocytes displayed concentric hypertrophy (larger volumes with smaller length:width) increased t-tubule spacing, larger and prolonged cell shortening and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transients and longer action potentials. However, these responses differed across the left ventricular wall. MID myocytes showed significantly less hypertrophy than EPI and ENDO myocytes. EPI myocytes showed the largest (and significant) increases in cell shortening, [Ca2+]i transients and action potential duration, whilst MID myocytes showed the smallest (and non-significant) changes in these parameters. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis on cardiac tissue suggest that increased expression of mRNA for fibronectin-1 and protein kinase Cε are involved in the hypertrophic response of the whole heart. Conclusions: Our findings show that in the SHR, the effect of hypertension upon the morphology, mechanical activity and electrical activity of left ventricular myocytes is dependent upon their transmural location. Therefore, in addition to the overall compensating response to hypertension, i.e. increased contractility, there are likely to be regionally specific alterations in mechano-electric interactions that may influence the properties of this important model, e.g. its pre-disposition to arrhythmia whilst still in a compensated state.
RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION: PROGNOSIS VALUE IN MITRAL VALVE SURGERY
Authors: Maria Gallego-Delgado, Antonio Arribas-Jimenez, Jose Gonzalez Santos, Ana Martin Garcia, Teresa Gonzalez-Sanchez, Felix Nieto-Ballestero, Francisco Martin, Javier Mart&iacute;n-Moreiras, Candido Martin-Luengo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effect of Total Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Human Lung Elastic Properties
Authors: EMIL BLAIR, ULF HEDSTRAND, CARL-JOHANN WESTERHOLME, VIKING O. BJÖRK
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Quasi-static elastic properties and dynamic compliances were measured in a series of patients undergoing open-heart surgery with total cardiopulmonary bypass for periods up to 2 hours. The data revealed that in half of the patients no alterations occurred, and in the other half there appeared a distinct improvement in lung mechanics, as indicated by the elastic properties. The reasons for this improvement are not known but may be related in part to changes in pulmonary blood volume. Artificial perfusion per se for around 2 hours causes no significant impairment in the elastic component of lung mechanics.
Histopathologic Characterization of Chronic Radiofrequency Ablation Lesions for Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Marcin Kowalski, Margaret M. Grimes, Francisco J. Perez, David N. Kenigsberg, Jayanthi Koneru, Vigneshwar Kasirajan, Mark A. Wood, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Man in the mirror: research considerations for the care and appearance of men’s skin
Authors: S. Shiel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Male grooming would not immediately seem the domain of the dermatologist. Nevertheless, skin cleansing and moisturizing, perspiration and body odour control and scalp hair care are increasingly relevant to men and to their social and professional progression, especially in an age where personal image has never been more important. Facial hair control or removal are now an integral part of the male 'habit and practice' in all regions and socioeconomic classes. The 2009–2010 global Male Grooming category has grown at a year-on-year rate of nearly 9% (2011 Euromonitor data1) and consists essentially of men's shaving products (pre- and post-shave products and blades and razors) and men's toiletries (including men's skin and hair care, bath and shower products and men's deodorants). In an era where few dermatologists can ignore the necessity to be familiar with cosmetic procedures and products, understanding the unique challenges of the male skin and face, and particularly those associated with the removal of facial hair, becomes ever more important. Similarly, male cosmetic needs, practices and problems are largely ignored in the dermatological scientific literature. Yet these subtle but important differences have required the cosmetic industry to research and design products to meet these specific male needs. These Proceedings encapsulate the oral presentations delivered by an international expert faculty during the World Congress of Dermatology in Seoul, Korea, in May 2011. They bring to the reader new insights into the global understanding of the male skin and his habits and practices in grooming. Comprehensive reviews of the whole field of male skin and the ingredients and technologies behind the male skin care products are presented. New data on male shaving in China and the impact on skin parameters will be of significant interest to the dermatology community. Research update from Procter & Gamble scientists offers insights into the technologies behind shaving technologies and new data are presented on the assessment and management of hyperhidrosis. These Proceedings are based on a Symposium which was an innovation at a major international dermatology congress. They offer the dermatologist a perspective of male skin that will be of relevance in clinical practice and will be of benefit to patients. Financial support for publication of this supplement was provided by Procter & Gamble. S.S. is an employee of Procter & Gamble.
Electrophysiology of atropine
Authors: J. K. BISSETT, N. D. B. d. SOYZA, J. J. KANE, M. L. MURPHY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

The effect of atropine on the refractory periods of the human atrium, A-V node, and His-Purkinje system was studied. The A-V node in man appears more sensitive to atropine than the atria as evidenced by a reduction in the effective and functional refractory periods of the A-V node without alteration of atrial conduction. Although atropine does not directly alter the refractory periods of the His-Purkinje system, atropine-induced facilitation of A-V nodal conduction results in block of premature atrial impulses in the His-Purkinje system, demonstrating an indirect effect of atropine on His-Purkinje conduction. Rarely, atropine may precipitate re-entrant atrial tachycardia (one patient) through facilitation of A-V nodal conduction.
Mortality of the Ambulance Ride
Authors: K. J. Gurling
Journal: BMJ (1967)

A case is reported of a 19-year-old male having right proptosis for 4 years because of a mixed meningioma and astrocytoma of the ipsilateral optic nerve. The sheath of this nerve is analogous to the leptomeninges, and neuroglial cells constitute the stroma of the nerve. Both meningioma and astrocytoma therefore can arise primarily in the optic nerve, and they may be combined in the same mass, forming a neoplasm of mixed mesenchymal and neuroepithelial origin.
Diabetes, Depression, and Quality of Life
Authors: Robert D. Goldney, Pat J. Phillips, Laura J. Fisher, David H. Wilson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes and depression and their associations with quality of life using a representative population sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study consisted of a representative population sample of individuals aged ≥15 years living in South Australia comprising 3,010 personal interviews conducted by trained health interviewers. The prevalence of depression in those suffering doctor-diagnosed diabetes and comparative effects of diabetic status and depression on quality-of-life dimensions were measured. RESULTS—The prevalence of depression in the diabetic population was 24% compared with 17% in the nondiabetic population. Those with diabetes and depression experienced an impact with a large effect size on every dimension of the Short Form Health-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SF-36) as compared with those who suffered diabetes and who were not depressed. A supplementary analysis comparing both depressed diabetic and depressed nondiabetic groups showed there were statistically significant differences in the quality-of-life effects between the two depressed populations in the physical and mental component summaries of the SF-36. CONCLUSIONS—Depression for those with diabetes is an important comorbidity that requires careful management because of its severe impact on quality of life.
Conjunctivitis Due to Chlamydophila felis (Chlamydia psittaci Feline Pneumonitis Agent) Acquired From a Cat: Case Report with Molecular Characterization of Isolates from the Patient and Cat
Authors: J.C. Hartley, S. Stevenson, A.J. Robinson, J.D. Littlewood, C. Carder, J. Cartledge, C. Clark, G.L. Ridgway
Journal: Journal of Infection (2001)
Medical Care of the Poor — A Growing Problem
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Mounting pressures on all levels of government to moderate the growth of their budgets and the movement to redefine medical care as an economic product rather than a social good are exacerbating the always difficult problem of financing care for people without insurance. In the face of this complicated set of forces, state governments and the hospital industry are striking out in a variety of directions in search of answers. The Reagan administration, on the other hand, is resisting any policy options that could thwart its two overriding domestic policy goals: cutting federal social spending and reducing taxes.At this . . .
Doctors Talking with Patients/Patients Talking with Doctors: Improving Communication in Medical Visits
Authors: Rosemarie L. Conigliaro
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PELVIC ABSCESS.A CASE REPORT WITH COMMENTS.
Authors: PHILIP D. BOURLAND
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Pelvic abscess from cellulitis, without pus-tube as a primary cause, is rare. Including those cases arising from pus-tube, however, the condition is uncommon in this territory. Factors most productive of pelvic suppuration are more common in large cities than in small towns and country districts, the latter being comparatively free from prostitution and criminal abortion. Legitimate puerperal sepsis, so called in contrast to that arising after criminal operations, and which is also a cause of cellulitis and of pus-tube, is rare in the practice of Houghton County physicians. Post-operative cases are very rare. <h3>NARRATION OF CASE.</h3> The case to be described was due to puerperal infection. The parametrium was infected probably by lymphangitis or phlebitis, or both, arising from the vagina. There was no indication of pus-tube. <h3>History.</h3> —The patient, aged 34, had perfect health in childhood and girlhood. As far as she knows she was free from any functional or
Investigating and managing chronic scrotal pain
Authors: S. R. Keoghane, M. E. Sullivan
Journal: BMJ (2010)

#### Summary points

Few data are available on the true incidence of chronic scrotal pain and most figures relate to post-vasectomy pain syndrome. However, a crude incidence of 350-400 cases of chronic scrotal pain per 100 000 men per year has been estimated on the basis of a questionnaire among Swiss urologists.1 Data on the impact of scrotal pain on quality of life are lacking.

These patients are challenging to both the general practitioner and urologist, and a clear understanding of the aetiology and unpredictable course of this common condition is needed when treating them. Chronic scrotal pain refers to an ill understood complex of symptoms. Various terms have been used to describe the condition including orchalgia and orchidynia, which really refer to the testicle itself, and chronic epididymitis.

Both the European Urological Association (EAU) and the International Continence Society have adopted the generic term scrotal pain syndrome to include testicular pain syndrome, post-vasectomy pain syndrome, and epididymal pain syndrome.2 3 4 The condition is defined as persistent or recurrent episodic scrotal pain associated with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection or sexual dysfunction without confirmed epididymo-orchitis or other obvious pathology.4

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched Medline from 1975 to 2010 using the terms “chronic scrotal pain”, “orchalgia”, “testicular pain”, and “orchidynia”. We found a mixture of retrospective and prospective studies of intermediate quality. We also used the 2009 guidelines from the European …
SYNOVIAL FLUID T CELL REACTIVITY AGAINST 65 kD HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN OF MYCOBACTERIA IN EARLY CHRONIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: PieterC.M. Res, FerdinandC. Breedveld, JanD.A. Van Embden, CeesG. Schaar, Willem Van Eden, IrunR. Cohen, RenéR.P. De Vries
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
Trauma in Children
Authors: Phillip G. Spiegel
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This book is a multiauthor, 14-chapter, 288-page text edited by Randall E. Marcus, who is a member of the Department of Orthopaedics at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and the coordinator of trauma services. Some chapters are divided according to specialties, while other chapters deal with the initial treatment, prognosis, metabolism, and emotional, psychological, and legal implications of childhood trauma. Often implicit in such a volume are chapters that are excellent (spine injury, fracture treatment, and psychological, emotional, and legal aspects) and others that could be incorporated or deleted (soft tissue, complications of musculoskeletal injury, and treatment, prognosis, and metabolism). A chapter on the burned child might be more appropriate. Minor flaws consist of tables that pertain to adults, roentgenograms that are obviously those of an adult, and figure legends that do not state the age of the person depicted. Other annoyances include only two paragraphs on injury