tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colonic mucus and colitis.
Authors: J R Jass
Journal: Gut (1990)

SIR, -I am sorry that Professor Jass's excellent papers were not referred to in my leading article.This was, however, intended as a presentation of hypotheses to act as stimuli for further studies rather than as a comprehensive review ofpublished work.As pointed out in the article a change in the 0 acetylation of mucin sialic acids is just one of many potential alterations in mucin structure that could have an effect on its interaction with bacteria.Others include alterations in sulphation, sialylation, length, and branching of oligosaccharide side chains and changes in the expression of carbohydrate receptors for bacterial adherence lectins.
Effects of prednisolone/azathioprine in chronic hepatitis B viral infection.
Authors: I V Weller, M F Bassendine, A K Murray, A Craxi, H C Thomas, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1982)

Changes in markers of hepatitis B viral replication and standard liver function tests were studied in 30 patients with HBsAg positive chronic liver disease starting or stopping prednisolone/azathioprine therapy, and compared with those occurring in 15 patients who did not receive therapy. On stopping prednisolone/azathioprine, 10 out of 11 HBeAg positive patients and one out of three patients negative for HBeAg and anti-HBe, lost HBV-DNA polymerase activity (p less than 0.01), five lost HBeAg, three developed anti-HBe and HBsAg concentration decreased (p less than 0.01). Only one out of seven untreated HBeAg positive patients lost HBeAg and there were no significant changes in DNA polymerase activity. In the anti-HBe positive patients, 14 starting therapy and eight untreated, there were no significant changes in the markers of viral replication - although two patients developed DNA polymerase activity on high maintenance doses of prednisolone - but a significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in aspartate transaminase in the treated group. It is concluded that the cessation of prednisolone/azathioprine therapy in HBeAg positive patients will result in a reduction in viral replication. In anti-HBe positive patients such therapy may be beneficial.
Identification of early gene expression changes during human Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Soile Tuomela, Verna Salo, Subhash K. Tripathi, Zhi Chen, Kirsti Laurila, Bhawna Gupta, Tarmo Äijö, Lotta Oikari, Brigitta Stockinger, Harri Lähdesmäki, Riitta Lahesmaa
Journal: Blood (2012)
Role of Tyrosine Phosphorylation of HS1 in B Cell Antigen Receptor-mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Yuji Yamanashi, Takahiro Fukuda, Hirofumi Nishizumi, Tetsuya Inazu, Ken-ichi Higashi, Daisuke Kitamura, Takaomi Ishida, Hirohei Yamamura, Takeshi Watanabe, Tadashi Yamamoto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

The 75-kD HS1 protein is highly tyrosine-phosphorylated during B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling. Owing to low expression of HS1, WEHI-231-derived M1 cells, unlike the parental cells, are insensitive to BCR-mediated apoptosis. Here, we show that BCR-associated tyrosine kinases Lyn and Syk synergistically phosphorylate HS1, and that Tyr378 and Tyr-397 of HS1 are the critical residues for its BCR-induced phosphorylation. In addition, unlike wild-type HS1, a mutant HS1 carrying the mutations Phe-378 and Phe-397 was unable to render M1 cells sensitive to apoptosis. Wild-type HS1, but not the mutant, localized to the nucleus under the synergy of Lyn and Syk. Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation of HS1 is required for BCR-induced apoptosis and nuclear translocation of HS1 may be a prerequisite for B cell apoptosis.
Changes in hemostatic and fibrinolytic proteins in patients receiving L‐asparaginase therapy
Authors: Masanori Saito, Hidesaku Asakura, Hiroshi Jokaji, Chika Uotani, Ichiro Kumabashiri, Keiko Ito, Tamotsu Matsuda
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Hemostatic changes were evaluated in ten patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma who received chemotherapy with L-asparaginase, vincristine, and prednisolone for 1 week. Following treatment, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were significantly prolonged, while a marked decrease in fibrinogen levels was observed. The values for cross-linked fibrin degradation products, however, remained within normal limits during treatment, which excluded the possibility of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The concentrations of coagulation inhibitors (antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S), plasminogen, and alpha 2 antiplasmin also significantly decreased; however, levels of both tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor, which are synthesized in endothelial cells, increased during the treatment. Although a decrease was observed in concentrations of many coagulation factors, including subunits A and B of factor XIII, the activity and antigenicity of factor VII significantly increased following the treatment. From this study, we concluded that these hemostatic abnormalities caused by the administration of L-asparaginase produced a labile condition that easily inclines to bleeding or thrombosis.
Electrical Conversion of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Roman W. DeSanctis
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Termination of ventricular tachycardia using an external countershock was electively attempted in 21 episodes of ventricular tachycardia occurring in 12 patients. In all cases, myocardial depressant drugs had been tried unsuccessfully prior to attempted electrical conversion. The tachyardia was successfully converted in 20 of the 21 episodes. In six cases, an alternating-current (ac) discharge was used, with successful conversion five times. In 15 cases, a synchronized direct-current (dc) discharge was employed with 14 successful conversions. The only failure in both series occurred in the same patient, who could not be successfully converted with either ac or dc. Ventricular fibrillation was precipitated by the shock once in each group of patients, and was controlled by the application of further countershock. The use of an externally applied shock, either ac or dc, proved to be a safe and effective method of treating ventricular tachycardia when the use of conventional drugs was either unsuccessful or deemed hazardous.
Osteomyelitis Involving Adjacent Ribs
Authors: James L. Guest
Journal: JAMA (1978)

EVEN before the advent of antibiotics, osteomyelitis of a rib has been rare. In the following case, the unusual roentgenographic appearance and the involvement of more than one rib created an interesting problem in diagnosis and management. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 14-year-old boy was admitted with a draining sinus in the chest wall of six months' duration. At the time of onset a small, tender area appeared just beneath the left nipple. After several days the center of the lesion drained spontaneously. A malodorous discharge persisted despite antibiotic therapy. After obtaining an abnormal chest roentgenogram, his local physician referred him for further examination. The patient denied chest trauma, exposure to tuberculosis, furunculosis, or any other infectious disease in the recent or distant past. On physical examination the patient was afebrile and did not appear ill. There were no abnormal physical findings except for a slightly tender sinus opening just
Indurated, Purplish Plaque on a Newborn
Authors: Huan J. Chang
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bioactivation and covalent binding of halothane to liver macromolecules.
Authors: I G Sipes, T L Podolsky, B R Brown
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

In this manuscript we report our attempts to determine if 14C-halothane or its metabolites interact with DNA. Three bioactivation systems were used: in vitro microsomal incubations, isolated hepatocytes, and in vivo administration. Even though we used optimal conditions for bioactivation, no significant covalent binding of 14C to DNA was observed. Slight 14C activity above background (6 dpm/0.1 mg DNA) was observed in the microsomal incubations but is considered insignificant because it was not reduced when NADPH was omitted from the incubations. We are able to demonstrate covalent binding to nuclear lipids and proteins when rats were pretreated with phenobarbital and maintained in a hypoxic environment (14% O2). Similarly, these conditions markedly increased covalent binding of 14C from 14C-halothane to microsomal proteins and lipids. Isolated rat hepatocytes proved to be a viable system for studying the bioactivation of halothane. In this system it was also possible to demonstrate increased binding under N2 and/or phenobarbital pretreatment.
THE OCCURRENCE OF GASTRIC LESIONS IN RATS
Authors: Alwin M. Pappenheimer, Louise D. Larimore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

Ulcerative lesions of the rumen with papillary epithelial hyperplasia occur in a large proportion of rats maintained on a deficient diet, and are rarely, if ever, present when the diet is complete. It has not been possible to ascribe the lesions to lack of any of the known dietary components. The fact that rats on improper diets tend to eat hair, that hair fragments have been found in a number of instances embedded in the ulcers, and surrounded by a definite inflammatory reaction, and finally, that the ulcers have been experimentally produced in rats on a complete diet, when chopped hair was added to the food, lead us to believe that the ingested hair is an important factor in the causation of the lesions. Whether the hair splinters act merely as mechanical irritants, or as the carriers of an infective agent, has not been determined. It is probable, moreover, that the deficient diets in some way that we do not as yet understand, intensify the injury caused by the hair. However produced, the lesions are so frequently found that they should be taken into account in experimental work on rats, especially in judging of the effects of dietary influences by the weight curves. That the presence of severe ulcerative lesions in the prostomach must unfavorably affect the general nutrition of an experimental animal, seems beyond question.
Chromosome painting in biological dosimetry: assessment of the ability to score stable chromosome aberrations using different pairs of paint probes.
Authors: J M García Sagredo, I Vallcorba, None López-Yarto, M D Sanchez-Hombre, M Resino, M T Ferro
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

We exposed human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro to 0.3 and 1 Gy of 60Co gamma rays to evaluate whether the ability and sensitivity to detect chromosomal aberrations by chromosome painting is independent or not to the specific paint probes. To detect structural aberrations (translocations), we painted chromosome spreads simultaneously with two whole-chromosome libraries for chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 16, and 18. To compare the rate of chromosome translocations detected by the different pairs of chromosomes, data were normalized according to the fraction of genome painted and evaluated by unconditional logistic regression. Our results show that any combination of paint probes can be used to score induced chromosomal aberrations. We observed that the amounts of translocations are dose dependent and quite homogeneous within each dose of radiation, independently of chromosomes painted. However, the use of small chromosome probes is not recommended because of the high number of cells to be analyzed due to the small amount of genome painted and because it is more difficult to detect translocations in small chromosomes.
THE PREVENTION OF THE GENERALIZED SHWARTZMAN REACTION WITH SODIUM WARFARIN
Authors: Sandor S. Shapiro, Donald G. McKay
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

Using intravenous sodium warfarin, rabbits were rendered hypoprothrombinemic and subjected to two intravenous injections of Shear's polysaccharide. None of the 9 animals surviving the required period of time developed bilateral renal cortical necrosis or histologic thrombi in the kidney, liver, spleen, or lungs. In a control group of 7 animals treated only with endotoxin, 6 developed bilateral renal cortical necrosis. It is concluded that the prothrombin complex is necessary for the production of the generalized Shwartzman reaction by bacterial endotoxins and that this phenomenon is essentially a process of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Battery Explosions: A Hazard to Health
Authors: Frederick H. Davidorf
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As the cold weather sets in throughout most of the country, many people find themselves having difficulty starting their cars. I personally was not aware of the potential health hazard of so simple a procedure as jumping a battery to start a car until recently, when I was confronted with several patients who sustained ocular injury due to battery explosions. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.—</h3> A 30-year-old woman had a battery explode in her face while she was using jumper cables to start her car. She sustained a central corneal laceration that required hospitalization and intensive medical supervision while it was healing. Fortunately, she developed only a small corneal scar and now has good vision in that eye. <h3>Case 2.—</h3> A 60-year-old man underwent a similar episode as in case 1. He sustained a contusion injury to the eye with foreign material in the conjunctiva. There was
Developmental adaptations in cytosolic phosphate content and pH regulation in the sheep heart in vivo.
Authors: M A Portman, X H Ning
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

This study examines adaptations in myocardial cytosolic phosphate content and buffering capacity that occur in vivo as a function of development. Phosphate metabolites were monitored in an open chest sheep preparation using a 31P magnetic resonance surface coil over the left ventricle. Newborn lambs (aged 4-9 d, n = 5) underwent exchange transfusion with adult blood to reduce blood-borne 2,3-diphosphoglycerate contamination of the heart monophosphate and phosphomonoester resonances, thus allowing determination of these phosphate concentrations. The blood-exchanged newborns and mature controls (aged 30-60 d, n = 5) were infused with 0.4 N hydrochloric acid to decrease pH from greater than 7.35 to less than 7.00. Simultaneously, intracellular and extracellular pH were determined from the chemical shifts of the respective phosphate peaks and compared to arterial blood pH. Findings were as follows: (a) diphosphoglycerate contribution to the cardiac spectrum was found to be negligible, (b) significant decreases in cytosolic phosphate (P less than 0.03) and phosphomonoester (P less than 0.01) content occurred with maturation, and (c) large decreases in extracellular pH (greater than 0.5 U) in both groups were similarly associated with only small changes in intracellular pH (less than 0.1 U). Change in cytosolic phosphate content implies that alterations occur in the phosphorylation potential with resulting effects on regulation of myocardial respiration, and cardiac energetics.
978 S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE (GSNO) IS A KEY CONTRIBUTOR TO THE HYPERCHOLERETIC EFFECT OF URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID (UDCA)
Authors: C.M. Rodriguez-Ortigosa, J.M. Bañnales, I. Olivas, I. Uriarte, F.J. Corrales, J.F. Medina, J. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Treatment of diabetic coma with small intravenous insulin boluses.
Authors: N Clumeck, A De Troyer, R Naeije, G Somers, L Smekens, E O Balasse
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The clinical efficacy of small intravenous boluses of insulin in treating diabetic decompensation was tested in 23 patients presenting in either a ketoacidotic or a nonketotic diabetic coma. In addition to the usual ionic and fluid replacement, the patients received hourly intravenous injections of insulin 5 IU. This dose lowered blood glucose levels in all but two patients. In the patients who responded the percentage decrease in glycaemia was similar whatever the initial glucose concentration and averaged (+/-SE of mean) 50+/-3% in five hours. Close monitoring of insulin and glucose concentrations after intravenous insulin in three patients showed that despite the short half life of insulin the effect of the intravenous bolus lasted for about 60 minutes. The overall clinical effectiveness of this type of treatment is comparable to that of the other low-dose regimens. Owing to its simplicity, this technique of insulin administration seems most suitable for the routine treatment of diabetic coma.
The Care and Management of the Sick and Incompetent Physician
Authors: E. Dorinda Loeffel
Journal: JAMA (1978)

This small, thought-provoking book presents the ten-year experience (1967 to 1976) of a state medical board in dealing with incompetent physicians. During this time the Virginia State Board of Medicine revoked 59 medical licenses and placed 156 physicians on probation. Drug addiction (to meperidine [Demerol] hydrochloride or morphine), alcoholism, and psychiatric problems (particularly depression) were the major illnesses necessitating discipline. Investigations carried out by the board, as authorized in Virginia by the 1973 Sick Doctor Act, greatly increased the number of disciplinary actions by documenting mental and physical incompetence. Despite this record, the board remained uneasy about weaknesses perceived in the surveillance and reporting systems of infractions, particularly among physicians and nurses reluctant to report problems such as alcoholism and senility.  The factors leading to professional deterioration are briefly discussed, including geographic isolation, heavy work loads, and the gradual diminution of mental and physical vigor. At some point the motivation
Disability and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical, Legal and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Gregg Bassett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 July 1998Disability and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical, Legal and Patient PerspectivesGregg Bassett, MDGregg Bassett, MDRush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-2-199807150-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Disability and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical, Legal and Patient Perspectives; Klimas NG, Patarca R; eds. 116 pages. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Pr; 1997. $14.95. ISBN 0789005018. Order phone 800-342-9678.Field of medicine: Internal medicine, family practice, rheumatology, psychiatry, neurology, and rehabilitation medicine.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Physicians involved in disability determinations.Purpose: The editors “… hope to open the door to debate on equitable assessment of disability in CFS [chronic fatigue syndrome] and equitable access to entitlement programs.”Content: The book includes editorials about disability issues and the chronic fatigue syndrome; sections on the neuropsychological testing of patients with this syndrome, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1998Volume 129, Issue 2Page: 167-168KeywordsChronic fatigue syndromeDisabilitiesFallsMajor depressive disorderMedical conditionsNeurologyNeuropsychological testingPatientsRehabilitation medicineRheumatology ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Determining Cause of Death in Prostate Cancer: Are Death Certificates Valid?
Authors: D. F. Penson, P. C. Albertsen, P. S. Nelson, M. Barry, J. L. Stanford
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001)

work, we update the “Partin Tables” with a more contemporary cohort of men treated since 1994 and with revised PSA and Gleason categories. Methods. Multinomial log-linear regression analysis was used to estimate the likelihood of organ-confined disease, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle or lymph nodal status from the preoperative PSA stratified as 0 to 2.5, 2.6 to 4.0, 4.1 to 6.0, 6.1 to 10.0, and greater than 10 ng/mL, clinical (AJCC-TNM, 1992) stage (T1c, T2a, T2b, or T2c), and biopsy Gleason score stratified as 2 to 4, 5 to 6, 3 4 7, 4 3 7, or 8 to 10 among 5079 men treated with prostatectomy (without neoadjuvant therapy) between 1994 and 2000 at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The average age was 58 years. Results. In this cohort, more than 60% had T1c, more than 75% had Gleason score of 6, more than 70% had PSA greater than 2.5 and less than 10.0 ng/mL, and more than 60% had organ-confined disease. Nomograms of the robust estimated likelihoods and 95% confidence intervals were developed from 1000 bootstrap analyses. The probability of organ-confined disease improved across the groups, and further stratification of the Gleason score and PSA level allowed better differentiation of individual patients. Conclusions. These updated “Partin Tables” were generated to reflect the trends in presentation and pathologic stage for men newly diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer at our institution. Clinicians can use these nomograms to counsel individual patients and help them make important decisions regarding their disease.
Significance of the Nitroglycerin-Flicker Fusion Response in Normal Subjects and Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: HENRY I. RUSSEK, WILLIAM H. ANDERSON, ALEXANDER A. DOERNER
Journal: Circulation (1951)

The Krasno-Ivy nitroglycerin-flicker fusion test was carried out in normal persons, and in patients with arterial hypertension and/or coronary disease. A positive test was obtained more often in patients with cardiovascular abnormalities than in normal individuals. In the former group the frequency of negative results and the inconstancy of response to multiple tests indicate the unreliability of this procedure for "the early detection of heart disease tendency." No correlation could be demonstrated between the results of the flicker fusion test, the Master two step or the cold pressor test. The evidence does not support the, alleged clinical usefulness of the nitroglycerin-flicker fusion test.