tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3271: Targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 decreases prostate cancer growth and metastasis
Authors: Shu Feng, Wendong Yu, Yi Cai, Jianghua Wang, Michael M. Ittmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract FGFR4 up-regulation occurs in advanced prostate cancers. Multiple FGFs have been found upregulated in prostate cancers, including FGF1, FGF2, FGF6, FGF8 and FGF17, all of which can activate FGFR4. Furthermore, a SNP changing the sense codon 388 from glycine to arginine in the transmembrane domain of the human FGFR4 gene has been linked to prostate cancer initiation, progression and poor prognosis. In this study, we determined whether downregulation of FGFR4 expression using small hairpin RNA (shRNA) against FGFR4 inhibits prostate cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. We used two well-characterized prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, PC3 and LNCaP to derive prostate cancer cells stably expressing a shRNA targeting FGFR4 (PC3-sh-FGFR4 and LNCaP-sh-FGFR4) by using lentivirus vector infection. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR shows that FGFR4 mRNA expression was decreased by 87% (PC3-sh-FGFR4) and 78% (LNCaP-sh-FGFR4) compared to scramble control shRNA cells PC3-shV and LNCaP-shV, respectively. In vitro analysis showed that the targeted knockdown of FGFR4 gene in PC3 and LNCaP cells with sh-FGFR4 resulted in significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. The reduction of Akt phosphorylation on both Ser473 and Thr-308 sites detected by western blot suggests that FGFR4 signaling is implicated in Akt activation. The upregulated expression of Caspase 8 and activated Caspase 3 in FGFR4 knockdown cells measured with immunoblot indicates that FGFR4 signaling inhibits prostate cancer cell apoptosis. The prostate cancer orthotopic xenograft models established with PC3-sh-FGFR4 and scramble shRNA control PC3 cells reveal that FGFR-4 knockdown significantly inhibited tumorigenicity in this model (P=0.01). In mice with pathologically confirmed primary tumors, primary tumor weight was decreased 63% in PC3-shFRGR-4 tumors (p&amp;lt;0.05) and the proportion of mice with lymph node metastasis was decreased from 93.3% to 50% (p&amp;lt;0.01). The Ki67 immunohistochemistry showed a significant decrease of Ki67 positive cell percentage in PC3-sh-FGFR4 xenograft tumors (19.85%) compared to control group (35.93%, p&amp;lt;0.001) indicating that the reduced primary tumor size was associated with the decreased cell proliferation. The orthotopic xenograft tumors produced with LNCaP-shFGFR4 showed 67.5% decreased weight compared to the tumors of control LNCaP-shV cells (p=0.0157). Our data indicated that FGFR4 can be a promising target in prostate cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3271. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3271
Coexistence of LMPP-like and GMP-like Leukemia Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Nicolas Goardon, Emanuele Marchi, Ann Atzberger, Lynn Quek, Anna Schuh, Shamit Soneji, Petter Woll, Adam Mead, Kate A. Alford, Raj Rout, Salma Chaudhury, Amanda Gilkes, Steve Knapper, Kheira Beldjord, Suriya Begum, Susan Rose, Nicola Geddes, Mike Griffiths, Graham Standen, Alexander Sternberg, Jamie Cavenagh, Hannah Hunter, David Bowen, Sally Killick, Lisa Robinson, Andrew Price, Elizabeth Macintyre, Paul Virgo, Alan Burnett, Charles Craddock, Tariq Enver, Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen, Catherine Porcher, Paresh Vyas
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Paradoxes and Trends: An Economist Looks at Health Care
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The increasing frequency with which economists are invited to address physician forums and to contribute to medical journals suggests that some important changes are under way in American medicine. The medical leadership is apparently in search of guidance on social and economic trends that are likely to influence the future of medicine. Economists may have something to contribute, and their concern with costs and benefits provides a different perspective. As students of political economy, they can relate the health-care system to the larger society and in making these linkages suggest the potentialities and limits for health reform.Let me begin . . .
Impact of Lifelong Exercise “Dose” on Left Ventricular Compliance and Distensibility
Authors: Paul S. Bhella, Jeffrey L. Hastings, Naoki Fujimoto, Shigeki Shibata, Graeme Carrick-Ranson, M. Dean Palmer, Kara N. Boyd, Beverley Adams-Huet, Benjamin D. Levine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
RESECTABLE MYCOTIC LESIONS AND ACUTELY FATAL MYCOSES
Authors: Roger D. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1952)

So much has been written on mycoses in the last two decades that the chief features of most of them are well known.1But now I wish to approach fungus infections from two angles, first from that of the surgeon and second from that of the internist, and to discuss first, resectable mycotic lesions, and second, acutely fatal mycotic disease.  RESECTABLE MYCOTIC LESIONS  The fungus disease registry that I have maintained for some years contains a number of cases in which lesions have been resected. I will now present data on these cases and pertinent information from the literature.  Amputation of a leg for mycetoma or maduromycosis is effective in eradicating the disease permanently. Resection of portions of the foot for this same condition may not prove effective. This was true in two cases of maduromycosis caused by Monosporium apiospermum. In one, a Negro man had a recurrence four
The FDA and Tobacco Regulation
Authors: Gregory D. Curfman, Stephen Morrissey, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Soon the U.S. Senate will vote on a bill that would grant authority to the FDA to regulate tobacco products. Journal editors Gregory Curfman, Stephen Morrissey, and Jeffrey Drazen urge the Senate to pass it and to do so with a veto-proof margin.
Hemodynamic Studies Following Pericardiectomy for Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: FRANK E. KLOSTER, RODNEY L. CRISLIP, J. DAVID BRISTOW, RODNEY H. HERR, LEONARD W. RITZMANN, HERBERT E. GRISWOLD
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Fourteen patients underwent right heart catheterization 5 to 86 months after pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis. Twelve had preoperative catheterizations, all with findings typical of constrictive pericarditis. All patients showed marked hemodynamic and symptomatic improvement after operation. Three patients had persistent mild elevation of right heart and pulmonary artery pressures; one of these had a low cardiac output. Two other patients developed pulmonary hypertension with exercise, and one man showed an inadequate increase in cardiac output with exercise. Twelve patients were asymptomatic postoperatively and two had exertional dyspnea. Patients with incomplete pericardiectomy over the ventricles had abnormal hemodynamic results, while decortication of the atria and venae cavae made no difference in the postoperative findings. A left anterolateral thoracotomy incision provided adequate exposure for pericardiectomy, and continues to be the incision of choice at this hospital. Younger patients and those who progressed from recognized acute pericarditis to pericardial constriction more frequently had normal results at cardiac catheterization after operation. Certain preoperative liver-function tests correlated well with the postoperative hemodynamic findings. The role of myocardial disease in producing residual hemodynamic abnormalities remains unresolved. It is concluded that excellent clinical results and normal hemodynamic findings can be achieved by pericardiectomy in most patients with constrictive pericarditis.
Loss of Vaccine-Induced Immunity to Varicella over Time
Authors: Sandra S. Chaves, Paul Gargiullo, John X. Zhang, Rachel Civen, Dalya Guris, Laurene Mascola, Jane F. Seward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

The introduction of universal varicella vaccination in 1995 has substantially reduced varicella-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, it remains unclear whether vaccine-induced immunity wanes over time, a condition that may result in increased susceptibility later in life, when the risk of serious complications may be greater than in childhood.
Prospective Evaluation of Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Combined Treatment of Postoperative Radiotherapy Plus Androgen Suppression for PT3 or Positive Resection Margin after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Richard Choo, Andrew Pearce, Cyril Danjoux, Gerard Morton, Gerrit Deboer, Ewa Szumacher, Andrew Loblaw, Patrick Cheung
Journal: European Urology (2006)
595 BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF N-ACETYL-CYSTEINE ON HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: “IN VIVO” AND “IN VITRO” STUDY
Authors: A. Dibenedetto, D. Donnini, L. Domenis, D. De Silvestri, D. Cappello, A. Carnelutti, L. Veriello, G. Pauletto, L. Sechi, G. Soardo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Agranulocytosis Associated With Gentamicin
Authors: Jae C. Chang
Journal: JAMA (1975)

GENTAMICIN is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from<i>Micromonospora purpurea</i>. It has broadspectrum antibacterial action against most strains of<i>Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Enterobacter</i>, and<i>Pseudomonas</i>,<sup>1</sup>and has been widely used in clinical practice with satisfactory results. However, like many other antibiotics, it is not without side-effects. The more frequently reported adverse reactions are nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and allergic skin reactions.<sup>2</sup> No serious hematologic complications have been recorded although transient granulocytopenia has been observed.<sup>3,4</sup>We recently encountered a patient who had agranulocytosis associated with gentamicin and who recovered without any serious incident. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 68-year-old man was admitted to the Veterans Administration Hospital, Dayton, on May 6, 1974, with chief complaints of shortness of breath and chronic cough from an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease. On admission, the patient was emaciated, appeared chronically ill, and was in moderate respiratory distress. Vital signs included a temperature of
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia: Postprandial response of subjects with preprandial normotriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemia to various diets
Authors: Celina Edelstein, Carol Fredenrich, Jane C. Schuelke, Wes E. Jensen, Michael Sitrin, Per-Henrik Iverius, Angelo M. Scanu
Journal: Metabolism (1993)
Correlation Between Plasma and Urine Glucose in Diabetes
Authors: LAWRENCE R. MORRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

To determine whether semiquantitative glucose measurements of spot urine specimens accurately reflect prevailing plasma glucose levels, we compared reported levels from 400 second-voided urines to simultaneous plasma determinations from 246 adult diabetics. Quantitative urine levels and plasma glucose levels correlated. However, when semiquantitative urinary determinations were compared to plasma glucose stratified into 0 to 149, 150 to 199, and greater than 200 mg/dL, 75% of the urine samples associated with plasma levels from 150 to 199 mg/dL were negative by Diastix, and 16.5% of samples negative by Diastix were in the 200+ mg/dL plasma range. Only 9% of samples from 0 to 149 mg/dL showed any positive Diastix readings. Because of the low sensitivity of semiquantitative methods, we feel that, except for detection of marked hyperglycemia, spot urine glucose determinations are inadequate as the sole means of clinical assessment for management of diabetic patients. Home glucose monitoring may be a better alternative for follow-up of these patients.
1037. Adherent Human Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Do Not Augment Viral Gene Transfer into Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Todd E. Meyerrose, Phillip E. Herrbrich, Michael H. Creer, Jan A. Nolta
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Recent reports have suggested phenotypic similarities between an adherent umbilical cord blood-derived cell population (AdUCB) and traditional bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC). Given the advantageous interactions demonstrated in HSC/MSC cultures, as well as AFT024 feeder systems, we reasoned that cord blood derived HSC would benefit from co-culture with their native stromal component.
Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis
Authors: JAMES R. LOWELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1983Diagnosis of HistoplasmosisJAMES R. LOWELL, M.DJAMES R. LOWELL, M.DSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-2-260_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their paper, Wheat and associates (1) state: "Even in chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis, culture of up to six sputum specimens yields positive results in fewer than 50% of cases." The authors cite a paper by Furcolow and associates published in 1962 (2). In reviewing this other paper, I assumed they used "Table 7. Yield of Positive Histoplasma Cultures Among Persons with Positive Histoplasmosis Serology—One Culture or More Done per Patient," consisting of data from the Missouri State Sanatorium (now Missouri State Chest Hospital). I did not find mentioned that up to six sputum specimens from one or...References1. WHEATFRENCHKOHLER JMR. The diagnostic laboratory tests for histoplasmosis. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:680-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FURCOLOWSCHUBERTTOSHDOTOLYNCH MJFIH. Serologic evidence of histoplasmosis in sanatoriums in the U.S. JAMA. 1962;180:109-14. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LOWELLSHUFORD JE. The value of the skin test and complement fixation test in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1976;114:1069-75. MedlineGoogle Scholar1. FURCOLOWSCHUBERTTOSHDOTOLYNCH MJFIH. Serologic evidence of histoplasmosis in sanatoriums in the U.S. JAMA. 1962;180:109-14. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GOODWINOWENSSNELL RFJ. Chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis. Medicine. 1976;55:413-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GOODMAN N. Undiagnosed mycoses—the role of the laboratory in finding cases in an endemic area. Ky Med Assoc J. 1975;73:201-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. DRUTZ D. The mycoses. In: WYNGAARDEN JB, SMITH LH JR, eds. Cecils Textbook of Medicine, vol. 2, 16th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1982:1698-9. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES R. LOWELL, M.DAffiliations: 4200 West Memorial Road; Oklahoma City, OK 73120 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHISTOPLASMOSIS 1 February 1983Volume 98, Issue 2Page: 260-260KeywordsHistoplasmosisSputumThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs
Authors: Toshio Ota, Yutaka Suzuki, Tetsuo Nishikawa, Tetsuji Otsuki, Tomoyasu Sugiyama, Ryotaro Irie, Ai Wakamatsu, Koji Hayashi, Hiroyuki Sato, Keiichi Nagai, Kouichi Kimura, Hiroshi Makita, Mitsuo Sekine, Masaya Obayashi, Tatsunari Nishi, Toshikazu Shibahara, Toshihiro Tanaka, Shizuko Ishii, Jun-ichi Yamamoto, Kaoru Saito, Yuri Kawai, Yuko Isono, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Kenji Nagahari, Katsuhiko Murakami, Tomohiro Yasuda, Takao Iwayanagi, Masako Wagatsuma, Akiko Shiratori, Hiroaki Sudo, Takehiko Hosoiri, Yoshiko Kaku, Hiroyo Kodaira, Hiroshi Kondo, Masanori Sugawara, Makiko Takahashi, Katsuhiro Kanda, Takahide Yokoi, Takako Furuya, Emiko Kikkawa, Yuhi Omura, Kumi Abe, Kumiko Kamihara, Naoko Katsuta, Kazuomi Sato, Machiko Tanikawa, Makoto Yamazaki, Ken Ninomiya, Tadashi Ishibashi, Hiromichi Yamashita, Katsuji Murakawa, Kiyoshi Fujimori, Hiroyuki Tanai, Manabu Kimata, Motoji Watanabe, Susumu Hiraoka, Yoshiyuki Chiba, Shinichi Ishida, Yukio Ono, Sumiyo Takiguchi, Susumu Watanabe, Makoto Yosida, Tomoko Hotuta, Junko Kusano, Keiichi Kanehori, Asako Takahashi-Fujii, Hiroto Hara, Tomo-o Tanase, Yoshiko Nomura, Sakae Togiya, Fukuyo Komai, Reiko Hara, Kazuha Takeuchi, Miho Arita, Nobuyuki Imose, Kaoru Musashino, Hisatsugu Yuuki, Atsushi Oshima, Naokazu Sasaki, Satoshi Aotsuka, Yoko Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Matsunawa, Tatsuo Ichihara, Namiko Shiohata, Sanae Sano, Shogo Moriya, Hiroko Momiyama, Noriko Satoh, Sachiko Takami, Yuko Terashima, Osamu Suzuki, Satoshi Nakagawa, Akihiro Senoh, Hiroshi Mizoguchi, Yoshihiro Goto, Fumio Shimizu, Hirokazu Wakebe, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Takeshi Watanabe, Akio Sugiyama, Makoto Takemoto, Bunsei Kawakami, Masaaki Yamazaki, Koji Watanabe, Ayako Kumagai, Shoko Itakura, Yasuhito Fukuzumi, Yoshifumi Fujimori, Megumi Komiyama, Hiroyuki Tashiro, Akira Tanigami, Tsutomu Fujiwara, Toshihide Ono, Katsue Yamada, Yuka Fujii, Kouichi Ozaki, Maasa Hirao, Yoshihiro Ohmori, Ayako Kawabata, Takeshi Hikiji, Naoko Kobatake, Hiromi Inagaki, Yasuko Ikema, Sachiko Okamoto, Rie Okitani, Takuma Kawakami, Saori Noguchi, Tomoko Itoh, Keiko Shigeta, Tadashi Senba, Kyoka Matsumura, Yoshie Nakajima, Takae Mizuno, Misato Morinaga, Masahide Sasaki, Takushi Togashi, Masaaki Oyama, Hiroko Hata, Manabu Watanabe, Takami Komatsu, Junko Mizushima-Sugano, Tadashi Satoh, Yuko Shirai, Yukiko Takahashi, Kiyomi Nakagawa, Koji Okumura, Takahiro Nagase, Nobuo Nomura, Hisashi Kikuchi, Yasuhiko Masuho, Riu Yamashita, Kenta Nakai, Tetsushi Yada, Yusuke Nakamura, Osamu Ohara, Takao Isogai, Sumio Sugano
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
148. Characterisation of a Chimpanzee Adenovirus That Is Highly Infectious to Human Low-Passage Glioma Cells
Authors: Johan Skog, Emma Andersson, Karin Edlund, Ya-Fang Mei, Göran Wadell
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Most clinical protocols using adenovirus vectors for gene therapy are using a vector based on serotype 5 (Ad5). However, we believe that this vector is not suitable for all needs of gene therapy and alternative vectors based on other serotypes should be developed. We have analysed the capacity of a chimpanzee adenovirus to infect human low passage glioma cells from seven different donors. Even though this is a non-human virus, it infected the human cells very efficiently and was superior to Ad5 on low passage cells from all donors except one where Ad5 and the chimpanzee adenovirus were on par. When the glioma cells were passaged to a higher passage number, the infection capacity for Ad5 increased significantly on all cells tested except one, whereas it was constant or the reverse effect for the chimpanzee adenovirus. We show that the receptor is different from the previously known adenovirus receptors CAR and CD46 and not dependent of N- and O-linked glycosylation or glycosaminoglycans. An extraordinary high binding capacity to all cells tested was seen for this virus in the presence of fetal bovine serum, but not human serum. Further studies showed that bovine serum albumin, but not human serum albumin was responsible for this effect.
Sigmoid Augmentation Artefact in Skeletal Imaging
Authors: RENÉ P. DU CRET, ROBERT J. BOUDREAU, FRANK P. MAGUIRE, SANDRA J. ALTHAUS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A “tadpole” configuration of activity extending from the bladder may be confusing during skeletal imaging and may wrongly suggest the possibility of abnormal ureteral anatomy with reflux, urine leak, or fistula formation. The finding is normal in cases after partial cystectomy and sigmoid loop augmentation.
CN-10 * SHOULD CARBOXYPEPTIDASE BE USED MORE OFTEN SINCE ITS FDA APPROVAL? - A CASE OF SUCCESSFUL METHOTREXATE TOXICITY RESCUE IN A PATIENT WITH NEUROLYMPHOMATOSIS
Authors: I. Ly, M. Romba, K. Gobeske, M. Mrugala
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-induced nephrotoxicity is rare and can be prevented with hydration, urine alkalinization, and leucovorin. When hemodialysis is used, rebound in MTX concentrations can occur after stopping dialysis. Carboxypeptidase metabolizes MTX to inactive metabolites and provides an alternative route of elimination, resulting in >98% decrease in MTX concentrations. METHODS: A 62 year-old woman with a history of Mullerian cancer, previously treated with resection and chemotherapy, presented with confusion, leg weakness, and incontinence. MRI of neuraxis revealed leptomeningeal enhancement in the cervicothoracic cord and cauda equina and T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the cerebral hemispheric sulci. PET-CT showed FDG avidity in the thoracic cord, cauda equina, and right abdominal wall. CSF flow cytometry revealed abnormal mature B cells, concerning for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The presumptive diagnosis was neurolymphomatosis. Dexamethasone and spinal irradiation were initiated. Biopsy of the FDG-avid abdominal nodule was considered but it disappeared on repeat imaging. Cycle 1 of HDMTX and rituximab was complicated by pancytopenia. One month later, the patient re-presented with confusion and required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for acute communicating hydrocephalus. During cycle 2 of HDMTX, she developed acute kidney injury, transaminitis, and worsening mentation, concerning for MTX toxicity. MTX level 21 hours after administration was 410 micromol/L. Hemodialysis and administration of carboxypeptidase resulted in marked improvement of MTX levels, hepatorenal function, and clinical status. CONCLUSIONS: This is an unusual case of neurolymphomatosis in an immunocompromised patient with previous Mullerian cancer. The etiology of MTX toxicity remains unclear although concomitant UTI and sepsis in our patient was likely contributory. Prompt use of carboxypeptidase eliminated MTX and prevented severe hepatic and hematologic toxicity. Carboxypeptidase is now FDA-approved and should be considered in patients with MTX toxicity who do not respond to standard rescue protocols. Use can be cost-limited as treatment of an average patient may exceed $100,000.
Controlled trial of gamma linolenic acid in Duke's C colorectal cancer.
Authors: M B McIllmurray, W Turkie
Journal: BMJ (1987)

reducing the incidence of serious injury by taking children off the road.'We agree that the place for the BMX bicycle is off the road, preferably on purpose built tracks.Appropriate training, supervision, and protective clothing should minimise the incidence of injury at low speed.Children riding on the public roads, however, must be encouraged to view BMX bicycles as a vulnerable form of transport.
Transendothelial lipoprotein exchange and microalbuminuria
Authors: J JENSEN, B FELDTRASMUSSEN, K JENSEN, P CLAUSEN, H SCHARLING, B NORDESTGAARD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Microalbuminuria associates with increased risk of atherosclerosis in individuals without diabetes. We hypothesized that transendothelial lipoprotein exchange is elevated among such individuals, possibly explaining increased intimal lipoprotein accumulation and thus atherosclerosis.Using an in vivo isotope technique, transendothelial exchange of low density lipoprotein (LDL) was measured in 77 non-diabetic individuals. Autologous 131-iodinated LDL was reinjected intravenously, and the 1-h fractional escape rate was calculated as index of transendothelial exchange.There was no difference in transendothelial LDL exchange between subjects with microalbuminuria versus normoalbuminuria (mean (95% confidence interval) 3.8%/h (3.3-4.3%/h) versus 4.2%/h (3.7-4.7%/h); P=0.33). In contrast, there was a positive correlation between transendothelial LDL exchange and (logarithmically transformed) plasma insulin: beta=0.6 (95% CI: 0.1-1.1); R=0.22; P<0.05. This correlation was independent of age, sex, blood pressure, plasma concentration of lipoproteins, LDL size, body mass index, plasma volume, and use of medicine, and it was unlikely caused by altered hepatic LDL receptor expression, or glycosylation of LDL.In non-diabetic individuals, transendothelial LDL exchange is not associated with microalbuminuria, but possibly with hyperinsulinemia.