tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-199a/b-3p: A new star in the liver microcosmos
Authors: Christoph Roderburg, Christian Trautwein, Tom Luedde
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

The full scale of human miRNome in specific cell or tissue, especially in cancers, remains to be determined. An in-depth analysis of miRNomes in human normal liver, hepatitis liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was carried out in this study. We found nine miRNAs accounted for 88.2% of the miRNome in human liver. The third most highly expressed miR-199a/b-3p is consistently decreased in HCC, and its decrement significantly correlates with poor survival of HCC patients. Moreover, miR-199a/b-3p can target tumorpromoting PAK4 to suppress HCC growth through inhibiting PAK4/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides miRNomes of human liver and HCC and contributes to better understanding of the important deregulated miRNAs in HCC and liver diseases.
Influence of salt on glycaemic response to carbohydrate loading.
Authors: R O Gans, R J Heine, A J Donker, E A van der Veen
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The effect of dietary salt on glycaemic responses to different test meals was investigated. Eight healthy male volunteers ate four test meals on consecutive mornings and in random order; the meals were 50 g carbohydrate taken as a 20% glucose solution or as boiled macaroni with and without supplementation with 6 g salt. In contrast with other reports, no significant differences in peak plasma glucose concentrations or areas under the plasma glucose curves could be established. These findings do not support a beneficial effect of salt restriction on glycaemic control in diabetes.
237. Gene Expression Profiles in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Following SERCA2a Gene Transfer
Authors: Djamel Lebeche, Susumu Sakata, Yuri Sakata, Naoya Sakata, Elie R. Chemaly, Miyako Takaki, Roger J. Hajjar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Diabetes is associated with impaired cardiac function in both humans and animals. As a consequence of myocardial dysfunction, the expression of several genes within the heart is altered. Our aim is to investigate the changes in gene expression profiles accompanying diabetic cardiomyopathy and to identify molecular and cellular pathways and genes that may contribute to cardiac remodeling as a result of the disease and/or its phenotypic rescue by restoration of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump (SERCA2a) through adenoviral gene transfer. Using Otsuka Long_Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat model of type II diabetes and the Agilent rat chip, which contains oligonucleotide probe sets for 22,000 rat genes, we performed analyses of gene expression by comparing differential changes in age and sex_matched control versus diabetic hearts and diabetic hearts that received gene transfer of SERCA2a (which we previously showed to induce functional improvement in heart failure). Microarray results of selected genes were verified with quantitative real_time PCR and immunoblotting. After normalization and filtration of the data and using a 2_fold cut_ off, we found that diabetes has differentially induced the expression of 743 genes (216 up_ and 527 down_regulated) which take part in many cellular processes. Our analysis indicates that diabetic cardiomyopathy appears to be, in general, associated with a downregulation of transcripts. Diabetic cardiomyopathic hearts have reduced levels of SERCA2a. Adenoviral gene transfer targeted to these hearts differentially induced the expression of 76 genes and appears, in general, to reverse the transcriptional profile induced by diabetes. Functional gene ontology classification of these genes indicated that SERCA2a restoration is associated with global changes in the cytoskeleton, in cellular energetics and metabolism, in calcium cycling, and in intracellular signaling and transcription regulation pathways. There are also 17 genes of unknown function that are specifically regulated by SERCA overexpression in diabetic hearts. The biological role of some of these novel genes are currently being pursued in other projects. Altogether this investigation provided valuable insight into the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling and the role of SERCA2a normalization of multiple pathways in diabetes.
Are Routine Cleaning Methods Sufficient to Remove Helicobacter pylori from Endoscopic Equipment?
Authors: H. Kaneko, T. Mitsuma, H. Kotera, K. Uchida, A. Furusawa, K. Morise
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

See also: Is Transmission of Campylobacter Pylori by Endoscopic Examination Possible?Endoscopy 1988; 20(04): 162-162DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018167
FIVE-YEAR CHANGE IN N-TERMINAL FRAGMENT OF THE PROHORMONE BRAIN-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (NT-PROBNP) PREDICTS HEART FAILURE AND DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: THE HEART AND SOUL STUDY
Authors: Rakesh K. Mishra, Mathilda Regan, Robert Christenson, Alan Wu, Mary Whooley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Summarizing the obstetric history
Authors: J. H. Dirckx
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health education funding to go private
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The British government's main health promotion agency, the Health Education Authority (HEA) is to be all but privatised under plans revealed by health minister Gerald Malone. From 1996 the HEA will become largely self financing on the basis of contracts it wins from government departments, from the private sector, and on the international market.

The decision ends months of uncertainty after the HEA fell out of favour with health ministers. Many feared it would suffer the same fate as …
Serum autoantibodies against the dermal-epidermal junction in patients with chronic pruritic disorders, elderly individuals and blood donors prospectively recruited
Authors: N. van Beek, A. Dohse, F. Riechert, V. Krull, A. Recke, D. Zillikens, E. Schmidt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal blistering autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies against two structural proteins of the epidermal basal membrane zone (BMZ), BP180 (type XVII collagen) and BP230. Patients are usually old and suffer from severe pruritus. Advanced age and severe pruritus have been hypothesized as potential risk factors for the development of autoantibodies in BP.To prospectively determine anti-BMZ antibodies in sera from patients with advanced age and/or pruritus compared with regular blood donors.Sera from (i) patients with chronic pruritic skin disorders (PSD, n = 78; mean age 62 years), (ii) patients with noninflammatory skin disease aged ≥ 70 years (n = 93; mean age 78 years), and (iii) blood donors (n = 50; mean age 41 years) were included. A large panel of validated test systems used for routine diagnosis were employed comprising indirect immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy on monkey oesophagus and human salt-split skin, BP180 NC16A- and BP230-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems, and immunoblotting with various substrates, including LAD-1 (the soluble ectodomain of BP180), BP180, BP230, laminin 332, p200 antigen, laminin γ1 and type VII collagen.No statistically significant difference was seen between the three study groups. The same result was obtained when data for IF microscopy, ELISA and immunoblotting were analysed separately.Neither advanced age nor chronic pruritus have been verified as risk factors for autoantibodies against the epidermal BMZ.
Elevated Plasma PCSK9 Level Is Equally Detrimental for Patients With Nonfamilial Hypercholesterolemia and Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Irrespective of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Defects
Authors: Gilles Lambert, Francine Petrides, Mathias Chatelais, Dirk J. Blom, Benjamin Choque, Fatiha Tabet, Gida Wong, Kerry-Anne Rye, Amanda J. Hooper, John R. Burnett, Philip J. Barter, A. David Marais
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Variable MHC class I engagement by Ly49 natural killer cell receptors demonstrated by the crystal structure of Ly49C bound to H-2Kb
Authors: Julie Dam, Rongjin Guan, Kannan Natarajan, Nazzareno Dimasi, Lukasz K Chlewicki, David M Kranz, Peter Schuck, David H Margulies, Roy A Mariuzza
Journal: Nature Immunology (2003)
Malignancy in Crohn's disease.
Authors: S N Gyde, P Prior, J C Macartney, H Thompson, J A Waterhouse, R N Allan
Journal: Gut (1980)

Cancer morbidity has been evaluated in a series of 513 patients with Crohn9s disease under long-term review between 1944-76. In comparison with morbidity rates for cancer in the West Midlands Region (the geographical area from which these patients were drawn) the 31 tumours that occurred represented a relative risk of 1.7 (P less than 0.01) of cancer at all sites. For tumours at sites within the digestive system the relative risk was 3.3 (P less than 0.001). A significant excess of tumours was found in both the upper (P less than 0.01) and lower (P less than 0.001) gastrointestinal tract. There was no excess of tumours at any site outside the digestive system.
Epidermoid accessory splenic cyst masquerading as a pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm
Authors: F. Gleeson, M. Kendrick, S. Chari, L. Zhang, M. Levy
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

A carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) value of > 1000 U/ml in pancreas cyst fluid is considered almost pathognomonic for a mucinous cystic neoplasm. A 32-year-old woman underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of right upper quadrant pain, which revealed a 10-mm pancreatic tail cyst ([Fig. 1] a, b). The sharply demarcated cyst without septation did not communicate with the pancreatic duct. Follow-up CT, 4 months later, revealed interval growth to 16 mm. Analysis of cyst fluid obtained at endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed an elevated CEA level (1377 U/ml).
Differentiation of transiently ischemic from infarcted myocardium by serial imaging after a single dose of thallium-201.
Authors: G M Pohost, L M Zir, R H Moore, K A McKusick, T E Guiney, G A Beller
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Myocardial 201Tl uptake and regional blood flow by the microsphere technique were determined in anesthetized dogs undergoing either 20 min of coronary occlusion and 100 min of reperfusion (N = 10) or 120 min of occlusion (N = 4). In both groups, 201Tl was injected intravenously after 10 min of occlusion. In transiently occluded dogs, regional flow at the time of 201Tl administration was reduced to 8 +/- 3% of normal flow in endocardial layers of the central ischemic zone. After 100 min of reperfusion, flow values were not significantly different from normal. 201Tl activity after reperfusion rose to 56 +/- 5% of normal, demonstrating that redistribution of the radionuclide occurred during the reflow period. In animals with persistent occlusion, there was a significant relationship between 201Tl uptake and flow (r = 0.95) and no evidence of redistribution of 201Tl during the two hour occlusion period. In another five dogs receiving 201Tl, serial gamma camera images obtained during reperfusion showed increasing uptake of the tracer in apical defects which returned to normal by 4 hours of reflow. Thirteen patients with stable angina received 2 mCi of 201Tl intravenously at peak exercise, and multiple gamma camera images obtained serially. All demonstrated zones of diminished 201Tl uptake 10 min after exercise. Defects which partially or completely disappeared within 1-6 hours postexercise corresponded to areas supplied by coronary arteries with significant stenoses. Persistent defects were present in regions of old myocardial infarction. Six additional patients with acute myocardial infarction demonstrated 201Tl myocardial defects which showed no significant change over 6 hours. Thus, redistribution of 201Tl into ischemic myocardium was demonstrated during transient coronary occlusion in dogs and after exercise stress in man. Sequential imaging after a single dose of 201Tl at the time of exercise may provide a means for distinguishing between transient perfusion abnormalities or ischemia and myocardial infarction of scar.
<i>WNT5A</i>Exhibits Tumor-Suppressive Activity through Antagonizing the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling, and Is Frequently Methylated in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jianming Ying, Hongyu Li, Jun Yu, Ka Man Ng, Fan Fong Poon, Sze Chuen Cesar Wong, Anthony T.C. Chan, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Qian Tao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is associated with multiple tumors including colorectal cancer (CRC). WNT5A is a member of the nontransforming Wnt protein family, whose role in tumorigenesis is still ambiguous. We investigated its epigenetic alteration in CRCs. Experimental Design: We examined its expression and methylation in normal colon, CRC cell lines, and tumors. We also evaluated its tumor-suppressive function and its modulation to Wnt signaling in CRC cells. Results: WNT5A is silenced in most CRC cell lines due to promoter methylation, but is expressed in most normal tissues including the colon, and is unmethylated in normal colon epithelial cells. WNT5A expression could be reactivated by pharmacologic or genetic demethylation, indicating that methylation directly mediates its silencing. WNT5A methylation was frequently detected in CRC tumors (14 of 29, 48%), but only occasionally in paired normal colon tissues (2 of 15, 13%; P = 0.025). Ectopic expression of WNT5A, but not its nonfunctional short-isoform with the WNT domain deleted, in silenced CRC cells resulted in substantial inhibition of tumor cell clonogenicity, which is associated with down-regulated intracellular β-catenin protein level and concomitant decrease in β-catenin activity. Conclusions: WNT5A is frequently inactivated in CRC by tumor-specific methylation, and thus, is a potential biomarker. WNT5A could act as a tumor suppressor for CRC by antagonizing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Consuming a balanced high fat diet for 16 weeks improves body composition, inflammation and vascular function parameters in obese premenopausal women
Authors: Heidi J. Silver, Hakmook Kang, Charles D. Keil, James A. Muldowney, Heidi Kocalis, Sergio Fazio, Douglas E. Vaughan, Kevin D. Niswender
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Physiology as a Guide to Combating Tropical Stress
Authors: Douglas H. K. Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

MAN is a tropical animal! Those who doubt it should ask themselves in what kind of climate man — naked, defenceless, fireless man — could possibly have evolved from his arboreal progenitors. In what kind of climate could he have dwelt in the trees? In what kind of climate could he have been free to roam, explore and investigate the new horizontal world; to exploit a patience for experimenting in the arts of fire making and fire controlling; and to develop the skills for skinning animals, salvaging the skins, assembling the pieces into a protective garment and fashioning attachments? Surely . . .
Scimitar Syndrome With Dextrocardia and Right Pulmonary Vascular Hypoplasia Seen on Pulmonary Imaging
Authors: SHIH-CHUAN TSAI, CHIA-HUNG KAO, SHYH-JEN WANG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 28-year-old man had scimitar syndrome. Cardiac echograms revealed dilatation of the right atrium and right ventricle an atrial septal defect with left to right shunt, and dextrocardia with situs solitus. A CT scan showed dextroversion of the heart with a small right lung volume and engorged pulmonary veins extending from the right chest cavity into the hepatic vein, not connected with the inferior vena cava. Cardiac catheterizations showed abnormal right pulmonary vein drainage, with the vein converging with the inferior vena cava at the level of the lower right atrium, through a tortuous channel to the right atrium. In addition, abnormal vessels from the thoracic and abdominal aorta to the lungs, and findings of a"Turkish sword" (scimitar) were also noted. The pulmonary perfusion scan showed the size of the right lung to be smaller than normal (hypoplasia), and demonstrated cardiomegaly in the right hemithorax (dextrocardia). No evidence of hypoventilation and air-trapping were noted on ventilation imaging.
(5) Discoid lupus erythematosus
Authors: M.A. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article (5) Discoid lupus erythematosus Get access M.A. Smith M.A. Smith Essex County Hospital, Colchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Pages 38–40, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06787.x Published: 01 July 1975
Endothelin-1 Is Involved in Stretch-Induced Early Activation of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Gene Expression in Atrial but Not in Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Jarkko Magga, Olli Vuolteenaho, Minna Marttila, Heikki Ruskoaho
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The precise role of paracrine and autocrine factors in mechanical load–induced activation of cardiac gene expression is unknown. Here we report the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonism on acute pressure overload–induced activation of cardiac B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) gene expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) in vivo and on mechanical stretch–induced increase in atrial BNP gene expression in vitro. Methods and Results Acute pressure overload produced in conscious SHRs by infusion of arginine 8 -vasopressin (0.05 μg · kg −1 · min −1 ) for 2 hours resulted in an increase in BNP mRNA levels in the left ventricle as well as in the atrium. Bolus injections of bosentan (mixed ET A /ET B receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg IV) but not losartan (AT 1 receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg IV) blocked the increase of the BNP mRNA levels produced by pressure overload in the left atria, whereas the elevation of BNP mRNA levels was similar (a 1.9-fold increase) in the left ventricles of vehicle-, losartan-, and bosentan-infused SHRs. In an isolated perfused rat heart preparation, infusion of bosentan (1 μmol/L) for 2 hours inhibited the mechanical stretch–induced increase in BNP mRNA levels in the right atria, whereas an AT 1 receptor antagonist, CV-11974 (10 nmol/L), had no effect. Conclusions The findings of the present study demonstrate that Ang II and ET-1 are not obligatorily required for stretch to trigger the increased BNP gene expression in ventricular myocytes in vivo. In contrast, mechanical load on the atrial myocytes did initiate an ET-1–dependent expression of BNP gene showing that endogenous ET-1 production differentially regulates BNP gene expression in atrial and ventricular myocytes.
Activation of human eosinophils via G protein-coupled receptors: Compared with neutrophils
Authors: Masahiko Kato, Masato Suzuki, Hirokazu Kimura, Tohru Fujiu, Atsushi Tachibana, Hirokazu Arakawa, Hiroyuki Mochizuki, Kenichi Tokuyama, Akihiro Morikawa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
A Flutter Valve to Replace Underwater Drainage Bottles
Authors: Henry J. Heimlich
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  An intrapleural catheter is customarily inserted following thoracotomy or persistent pneumothorax and is attached to an underwater drainage bottle. This apparatus drains the chest and allows the lung to expand, at the same time preventing air from reentering the pleural space.  The underwater drainage bottle system has several disadvantages. When the patient is transferred from the operating table to the recovery room, the chest drainage tube must be clamped so that the fluid in the bottle will not flow back. During this clamping, air and blood can accumulate in the chest, collapsing the lung and resulting in the formation of clots that may clog the tubing. A cumbersome alternative is to carry the bottle system at floor level. The tubing that connects the chest catheter to the underwater drainage bottle confines the patient to his bed or chair, preventing ambulation for several days. Few nurses fully understand
Arterial baroreflex control of renal hemodynamics in humans.
Authors: K A van Tilborg, T J Rabelink, H J van Rijn, F Boomsma, H A Koomans
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Control of renal hemodynamics by the arterial baroreflex has never been proved in humans. Apart from the physiological viewpoint, this issue is relevant because altered baroreflex function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS Renal function studies were performed in seated healthy volunteers (n = 12; age range, 20 to 34 years) during sustained neck suction at -60 mm Hg, aiming to selectively activate the carotid sinus arterial baroreceptors. Two protocols were followed. One group of 6 volunteers taking a 20 mmol/d sodium diet underwent 90 minutes of neck suction. Compared with a time-control study, neck suction decreased arterial pressure and heart rate; increased glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance) from 104 +/- 6 to 114 +/- 8 mL/min (P &lt; .01), renal plasma flow (para-aminohippurate clearance) from 616 +/- 52 to 665 +/- 42 mL/min (P &lt; .01), and renal blood flow (from 1120 +/- 95 to 1209 +/- 77 mL/min, P &lt; .01); and decreased renal vascular resistance (from 86 +/- 8 to 76 +/- 6 mm Hg.min.L-1, P &lt; .01). Neck suction had no effect on plasma renin activity, aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide, catecholamines, and renal sodium excretion. The other 6 volunteers took a normal sodium diet and underwent sustained neck suction for 60 minutes. In this group, no effects on renal hemodynamics could be discerned, despite a modest decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. CONCLUSIONS These data show, for the first time, that the arterial baroreflex is involved in the control of renal hemodynamics in humans. However, basal arterial baroreflex control of renal hemodynamics is probably low, and arterial baroreflex activation with subsequent renal vasorelaxation may be found only in conditions in which basal arterial baroreflex control of kidney function is significant, as is presumably the case in seated sodium-restricted subjects.