tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Application of the Electro-Magnet for the Cure of Anaesthesia
Authors: J. Dreschfeld
Journal: BMJ (1880)

Ti~BRIS\I3 MAi iCAL' JIURN2.203 and oftener on one below the eye, but with no further result than a small keloid growth, half an inch long, on the former.As regards the colour, my own impression led me to believe it was slightly paler, but from so constantly seeing the part Iwas really unable to judge correctly.At the end of the year, after the conclusion of my operations, I took the patient to Mr. Hutchinson, who, it will be remembered, had, pre- viously to my attempt, cauterised the left cheek; he warmly congratulated me on my success on the left cheek, which I had not touched, but remarked that there seemed to be no improvement on the right side of the face, the part on which I had expended all my labours.CASE iI.-Miss F., aged 35, had been treated at the Skin Hospital, Blackfriars, for eczema of the leg, and was sent to me in April I878 by Mr. Hutchinson to be treated for a port-wine mark, which spread in patches from the nose to the left e-ar.This case was rather different from the last in the character of the noevus.It was more raised.and darker or purple in colour; in fact, it was a venous nrevus.Ten years previously, she had tried treatment by means of strong acid, but with no improvement.I operated on her thirty-two times in all, six times with ether-spray, and on five occasions applied tincture of iron after the scarification; but, as in the first case, with absolutely no alter- ation; so that the patient abandoned the method in disgust.CASE iII.-Miss H., aged i6, was sent to me by Mr. Hutchinson in July 1878, with a port-wine maik on the right half of the face.This nsevus was more arterial in character than that described in Case iI, but more raised than in Case I.I selected a small piece about the size of a crown, or rather larger, situated on the malar bone, and operated on it most thoroughly sixteen times, at intervals of a week; but, at the end of that time, the patient refused to go on, as -there was not the sliglhtest sign of improvement.From these cases it will be seen that the operation, as recommended
A sporotrichoid-like Mycobacterium kansasii infection of the skin treated with minocycline hydrochloride
Authors: NORMAND DORE, JEAN-PIERRE COLLINS, E. MANKIEWICZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

A sporotrichoid-like Mycobacterium kansasii infection of the skin is reported. This is the fifth reported case in the English literature of dermatological manifestations of a M. kansasii infection and the first reported case of a response to minocycline hydrochloride therapy.
Let's not forget about sensory consciousness
Authors: Anil K. Seth, David B. Edelman, Bernard J. Baars
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

The metacognitive stance of Smith et al. (2003) risks ignoring sensory consciousness. Although Smith et al. rightly caution against the tendency to preserve the uniqueness of the human mind at all costs, their reasoned stance is undermined by a selective association of consciousness with high-level cognitive operations. Neurobiological evidence may offer a more general, and hence more inclusive, basis for the systematic study of animal consciousness.
"Operation Berkshire": the international tobacco companies' conspiracy
Authors: N. Francey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Advocates of tobacco control worldwide have long suspected collusion among major international tobacco companies over their refusal to acknowledge that smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema, and other serious diseases. Tobacco industry documents now available on the internet disclose the establishment of a conspiracy between Philip Morris, R J Reynolds, British-American Tobacco, Rothmans, Reemtsma, and UK tobacco companies Gallaher and Imperial, dating from 1977. The documents also disclose the objects of the conspiracy: basically, to protect the industry's commercial interests both by promoting controversy over smoking and disease and through strategies directed at reassuring smokers.

The documents also disclose the means of implementing the conspiracy by utilising national manufacturers' associations coordinated through the International Committee on Smoking Issues, later to become the International Tobacco Information Centre. We expose the formation of the conspiracy and its objectives and means of implementation over the ensuing decades.

#### Summary points

For decades international tobacco companies have denied or disputed that smoking causes serious diseases, and advocates of tobacco control worldwide have long suspected collusion over this issue

Internal documents from the tobacco industry now available on the internet disclose that in 1977 seven of the world's major tobacco companies conspired to promote “controversy” over smoking and disease, in an exercise called Operation Berkshire

This conspiracy resulted in the International Committee on Smoking Issues (subsequently the International Tobacco Information Centre), which operated though an internationally coordinated network of national manufacturers' associations to retard measures for tobacco control

Thousands of documents now available on the internet evidence the implementation of the objectives of Operation Berkshire

After learning of a document referring to “Operation Berkshire,” we searched for documents on the website tobaccoarchives.com, and we collected and reviewed documents relevant to the conspiracy between the major tobacco companies and to its objectives and implementation.1 The website provides …
Is hypertension more benign when associated with obesity?
Authors: E Barrett-Connor, K T Khaw
Journal: Circulation (1985)

To determine the effect of obesity on prognosis in hypertensive subjects, a population of 1727 men 50 to 79 years of age was dichotomized by baseline body mass index (less than 27 and greater than or equal to 27 kg/m2) and systolic blood pressure (less than 160 and greater than or equal to 160 mm Hg). After 9 years of follow-up, age-adjusted all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischemic heart disease mortality rates were highest in the nonobese hypertensive subjects. The relative risk for mortality associated with a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or higher was significantly increased only in the nonobese group, with the largest difference in relative risk between obese and nonobese for ischemic heart disease. Results were consistent after separately excluding those with a history of heart disease, diabetes, current use of antihypertensive medication, and cigarette smoking, and those who died within 2 years of the baseline examination. When the independent effect of risk factors, including age, plasma cholesterol level, cigarette smoking, use of antihypertensive medication, and personal history of heart disease or diabetes was assessed with the Cox model, systolic blood pressure was a significant independent predictor of all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischemic heart disease death only in the nonobese subjects. We do not exclude an adverse effect of raised blood pressure in the obese. However, these data suggest that the prognosis is poorer in leaner hypertensive patients than in those who are overweight.
Myocardial lesions of progressive systemic sclerosis. A cause of cardiac dysfunction.
Authors: B H Bulkley, R L Ridolfi, W R Salyer, G M Hutchins
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The nature, prevalence, functional significance, and indeed existence of myocardial disease in progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) has been debated. In this study the clinical and pathological features of 52 autopsied patients were analyzed in an attempt to resolve these questions. A distinctive focal myocardial lesion ranging from contraction band necrosis to replacement fibrosis throughout both ventricular walls was present in 23 patients who had widely patent extramural coronary arteries. There were no morphologic abnormalities of the intramyocardial coronary arteries to account for these lesions. Comparing those patients having severe (13), mild (10), or no (24) PSS myocardial lesions, and patent extramural coronary arteries, there were no major differences in age, sex, frequency and severity of pulmonary, renal or hypertensive disease which could account for the myocardial necrosis and fibrosis. The three groups did differ, however, with regard to clinical cardiac abnormalities: ventricular arrhythmias and conduction disturbances were six and two times as frequent, respectively, in those with severe myocardial PSS compared to the other two groups. A pattern of primary myocardial disease with intractable congestive heart failure resulted from severe myocardial PSS in four patients, angina pectoris with normal coronary arteries was associated with the severe myocardial lesion in three patients, and sudden death in five. The occurrence of contraction band necrosis suggests that the myocardial damage in PSS might be due to intermittent vascular spasm of the type recognized in the digits and possibly kidneys and lungs, i.e., an intramyocardial Raynaud's phenomenon. The findings in our patients clearly show that myocardial progressive systemic sclerosis is a distinct entity with relatively frequent occurrence which may lead to arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, angina pectoris with normal coronary arteries and sudden death.
Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and lipid transfer protein activities in liver disease
Authors: Daigo Tahara, Toshiaki Nakanishi, Shoichi Akazawa, Yoshihiko Yamaguchi, Hidefumi Yamamoto, Masaharu Akashi, Nobuhiro Chikuba, Shinichiro Okuno, Yasuo Maeda, Yukio Kusumoto, Shigenobu Nagataki
Journal: Metabolism (1993)
All obese patients with type 2 diabetes should be assessed for bariatric surgery, says NICE
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Neurologists often struggle to interpret the results of neuropsychological testing, even though cognitive assessments are an integral component of the diagnostic process in dementia syndromes. This article reviews the principles underlying clinical neuropsychology, background on common neuropsychological tests, and tips on how to interpret the results when assessing patients with dementia. General cognitive screening tools, appropriate for use by general neurologists and psychiatrists, as well as specific cognitive tests examining the main cognitive domains (attention and orientation, memory, visuospatial function, language and executive function) in patients with dementia are considered. Finally, the pattern of deficits, helpful in defining clinical dementia phenotypes and sometimes in predicting the underlying molecular pathology, are outlined. Such clinicopathological associations will become invaluable as disease-modifying treatments for dementia are developed and implemented.
Patient-Reported Outcome Alerts
Authors: Derek Kyte, Heather Draper, Melanie Calvert
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CEREBRAL DISEASE FOLLOWING MIDDLE EAR SUPPURATION.
Authors: M. D. LEDERMAN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Having lately observed three instances of fatal cerebral complications occurring in individuals suffering from suppurative disease of the middle ear, I accept this opportunity of narrating their histories, hoping they may prove of some interest. When we recall the anatomic arrangement of this cavity, we are impressed with its immediate proximity to vital structures. The partition that separates the middle ear from the brain and its coverings, is but a thin portion of bone, with no diploe. Having little or no illumination, but being sufficiently supplied with heat and moisture, the middle chamber is an ideal incubator for the propagation of pathogenic microörganisms. Diseases of a suppurative character affecting this locality, have many factors to augment their vitality, but comparatively little resistance to limit their spread. It requires no stretch of imagination to picture a purulent inflammation extending through the roof of the tympanic cavity, and attacking cerebral structures. Observers
Chemotaxis radioassays: A simplified, quantitative method using technetium-99m radiocolloid labeled granulocytes
Authors: Denis English, T. A. McPherson
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract Selective labeling of phagocytes in human blood can be achieved by incubation of unseparated, heparinized blood with 99m Tc‐sulfur colloid. We have developed a method for quantitation of granulocyte Chemotaxis using granulocytes labeled by this technique. The method was found to be more accurate and less tedious to perform than the conventional Boyden chamber Chemotaxis assay. The assay was also less time‐consuming and as quantitative as a previously described granulocyte Chemotaxis radioassay in which 51 Cr‐labeled leukocytes were used. The simplicity and reliability of this technique and the ready availability of 99m Tc‐sulfur colloid may provide one standardized method for granulocyte Chemotaxis quantitation in clinical and experimental medicine.
Duodenal Air Dissection Secondary to Intramural Hematoma in Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Authors: T. L. Dugernier, F. M. Breuskin
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

A 32-year-old man was admitted to the intensive therapy unit with multiple-system organ failure 24 hours after the onset of severe acute biliary pancreatitis. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated extensive (> 50 %) pancreatic necrosis and multiple acute fluid collections, particularly around the duodenum. His clinical course was further complicated by infected pancreatic necrosis which required repeated surgical debridement and drainage.
Effect of Renal Impairment on Mortality of Patients With Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Authors: Tsung–Hsing Hung, Chen–Chi Tsai, Yu–Hsi Hsieh, Chih–Chun Tsai, Chih–Wei Tseng, Jai–Jen Tsai
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
Authors: James V. Donadio, Carl F. Anderson, John C. Mitchell, Keith E. Holley, Duane M. Ilstrup, Valentin Fuster, James H. Chesebro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Forty patients with Type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis were treated for one year with dipyridamole, 225 mg per day, and aspirin, 975 mg per day, in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. At the base line, the half-life of 51Cr-labeled platelets was reduced in 12 of 17 patients. The platelet half-life became longer and renal function stabilized in the treated group, as compared with the placebo group, suggesting a relation between platelet consumption and the glomerulopathy. The glomerular filtration rate, determined by iothalamate clearance, was better maintained in the treated group (average decrease, 1.3 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area per 12 months) than in the placebo group (average decrease, 19.6). Fewer patients in the treated group than in the placebo group had progression to end-stage renal disease (3 of 21 after 62 months as compared with 9 of 19 after 33 months). The data suggest that dipyridamole and aspirin slowed the deterioration of renal function and the development of end-stage renal disease.
Screening in liver disease: Report of an AASLD clinical workshop
Authors: Paul C. Adams, Michael J. Arthur, Thomas D. Boyer, Laurie D. DeLeve, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Mark Hall, Theodore R. Levin, Dawn Provenzale, Leonard Seeff
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

This report summarizes an AASLD Clinical Workshop that was presented at Digestive Diseases Week 2003 on screening in liver diseases. As newer diagnostic tests become available, many liver diseases and complications of liver disease can be detected at an early asymptomatic stage. In many cases, early detection can lead to earlier treatment and an improved outcome. However, screening for liver diseases in asymptomatic persons has the potential for adverse consequences, including discrimination and stigmatization. The cost of screening programs is significant, and access to screening tests varies in different countries. Future screening programs require careful planning and implementation to balance the benefits, risks, and cost-effectiveness. This review outlines the concepts of screening and their application to a broad range of liver diseases.
Choice of Reperfusion Strategy at Hospitals With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Reza Fazel, Harlan M. Krumholz, Eric R. Bates, William J. French, Paul D. Frederick, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Many hospitals with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capability also use fibrinolytic therapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, but factors influencing the choice of reperfusion strategy at these hospitals are poorly understood. We examined clinical and system-related factors associated with choice of reperfusion strategy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction at PCI-capable hospitals.We analyzed patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who presented to PCI-capable hospitals between July 1, 2000, and December 31, 2006, in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between choice of reperfusion strategy and patient-, hospital-, and system-related factors. We identified 25 579 patients who received primary PCI and 14 332 patients who received fibrinolytic therapy at 444 PCI-capable hospitals. Use of reperfusion strategies varied widely across hospitals, although primary PCI use increased over the study period. Among the key clinical factors that favored primary PCI, cardiogenic shock and delayed presentation were associated with greater use of primary PCI (adjusted odds ratios 2.14 [95% confidence interval 1.72 to 2.66] and 1.18 [95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.27], respectively), whereas a Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk score >/=5 was not. In contrast, female gender, advanced age, and nonwhite race, all risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage after fibrinolytic therapy, were not associated with increased use of primary PCI. Off-hours presentation had the strongest association overall, with an approximately 70% lower likelihood of patients undergoing primary PCI (adjusted odds ratio 0.27, 95% confidence interval 0.25 to 0.29).Use of primary PCI, although increasing over recent years, is not universal at PCI-capable hospitals, and optimization of its use at such hospitals represents a potential opportunity to improve outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Stagnant loop syndrome in patients with continent ileostomy (intra-abdominal ileal reservoir).
Authors: H Schjonsby, J F Halvorsen, T Hofstad, N Hovdenak
Journal: Gut (1977)

Intestinal absorption and bacteriology of the ileal contents were compared in seven patients with continent ileostomy and seven patients with conventional ileostomy. The absorption of vitamin B12 was reduced in five patients with continent ileostomy and subnormal in two patients with conventional ileostomy. Steatorrhoea was present in four patients with continent and one patient with conventional ileostomy. Increased concentrations of total anaerobic bacteria and Bacteroides were found in the ileum of the patients with continent ileostomy. After an oral dose of (1-14C) glycocholic acid there was no difference in the faecal excretion of radioactivity, whereas the 14CO2-expiration was increased in two patients with continent ileostomy. In four patients with continent ileostomy and malabsorption of B12, there was evidence of a stagnant loopsyndrome as oral lincomycin treatment resulted in increased absorption of B12 decreased excretion of faecal fat, and decreased concentrations of Bacteroides in the ileum.
Journal withdraws paper on grounds of prior publication but avoids issue of plagiarism
Authors: Jonathan Gornall
Journal: BMJ (2007)

After more than a year of deliberation the journal of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine is to withdraw a Korean paper at the centre of a dispute about authorship and plagiarism ( BMJ 2007;334:717-20, 7 Apr doi: 10.1136/bmj.39168.517234.AD), solely on the grounds that it had been published previously in another journal.

In a statement issued last week the board of Fertility and Sterility made no reference to the allegations of perjury and plagiarism that had been made by its editor in chief in the LA Times two months earlier. On 18 February Alan DeCherney had told the newspaper, “I'm sure that it's plagiarism,” and said he would be recommending to his editorial board that all the listed authors be banned from publishing in Fertility and Sterility for three years (www.latimes.com, 18 Feb, “Credit for U.S. journal article at issue,” www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-research18feb18,0,6268481.story?coll=la-headlines-california).

In the event Fertility and Sterility has announced that only one of the authors will be banned.

The decision has infuriated Jeong Hwan Kim, a Korean doctor now working in Singapore, who wrote to Fertility and Sterility in March last year to alert the journal of his concerns relating to the paper “Quantification of mitochondrial DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction in patients with premature ovarian failure” ( Fertility and …
Recurring St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Infection at an Urban Homesite
Authors: N. Joel Ehrenkranz, William L. Pond, Joseph X. Danauskas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE serial outbreaks of urban St. Louis encephalitis in Florida, starting in Miami in 19581 and then occurring in the cities adjacent to Tampa Bay in 1959, 1961 and 1962,2 , 3 indicated great activity of St. Louis encephalitis virus within the State. It was not determined whether the episodes reflected the presence of the virus then resident within the region, annually amplified and disseminated, or, alternatively, resulted from seasonal reintroduction of virus by migratory birds.At the time of the 1962 Tampa Bay outbreak we detected only 1 case of St. Louis encephalitis in Miami despite diligent search.4 , 5 This case, however, . . .