tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-07-04: Methioninase cell-cycle synchronization potentiates chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: S Yano, S Li, Q Han, Y Tan, T Fujiwara, RM Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Deprivation of methionine selectively arrests cancer cells during late S-phase (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 7306–7310, 1980; Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Reviews on Cancer 738, 49–87, 1984), where they are highly sensitive to chemotherapy drugs which damage DNA (J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 76, 629–639, 1986). Cancer cells, transformed to express different color fluorescent reporters during specific phases of the cell cycle (Cell 132, 487–498, 2008), were used to monitor the onset of the S/G2-phase block due to methionine deprivation effected by recombinant methioninase (rMETase). The S/G2-phase blocked cancer cells fluoresced yellow or green in contrast to cancer cells in G1 which fluoresced red. Cancer cells, including MCF-7 breast cancer, synchronously blocked in S/G2-phase by rMETase, were identified by their yellow-green fluorescence and allowed to accumulate to the maximum extent. At the point of maximum yellow/green cells in the culture, the cells were administered chemotherapy drugs which interact with DNA or block DNA synthesis such as doxorubicin. We termed this procedure color-coded chemotherapy (CCC). CCC was highly effective against the cancer cells (90% cell kill). In contrast, treatment of cancer cells with drugs only, and without rMETase-effected S/G2-phase synchrony, led to the majority of the cancer cell population being blocked in G1 phase (red fluorescent) where they were resistant to the drugs (40% cell kill). CCC, which identifies, by fluorescent color, when cancer cells are blocked in S/G2-phase by a unique cell-cycle-blocking agent, rMETase, demonstrates the potential of cell-synchronization-based chemotherapy for breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-04.
A Global Theme Issue on Emerging and Reemerging Global Microbial Threats
Authors: Martin E. Plaut
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —More than 200 articles in 36 journals published in 21 countries 1 sound the theme of global emerging or resurgent microbial threats. Yet the Council on Scientific Affairs of the American Medical Association (AMA) 2 points out that the conclusion that infectious diseases pose historically great threats to the general US population  far from the truth. How far can be seen in recent data on selected notifiable infectious diseases. The Table shows total reported cases of 16 diseases in 1993 3 and 1994 4 and the latest cumulative case numbers for 1995. 5   In contrast to public concerns, reported cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), gonorrhea, hepatitis B, mumps, pertussis, syphilis, and tuberculosis each declined by 15% or more in 2 years (pending late returns for 1995). Some of these diseases are underreported year after year, but analysis is further confounded by delays in publishing
Visual Loss in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Lynn K. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
John Michael Dawson
Authors: B. Dawson, H. Dowling
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Badminton is an “intermittent” racquet sport, requiring technical skill and sport-specific-fitness. This study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge of badminton players to shape the delivery of future support, and to facilitate fuelling and recovery strategies. In addition, the suitability and safety of current supplementation practices was assessed amongst these players. A dietary questionnaire on nutritional knowledge and supplement use was administered online to 26 players on the GB Badminton Squad. The questionnaire was comprised of the following sections; 1) awareness of dietary recommendations; 2) knowledge of food sources of nutrients; 3) making practical food choices; 4) awareness of diet-disease associations; and (5) knowledge of antioxidant vitamins. Players scored 71% on awareness of dietary recommendations, 62% on knowledge of food sources of nutrients, and 68% on using knowledge to make food choices. However, the group scored far lower on the technical questions regarding disease-associations and antioxidants (48% and 18%, respectively). The group scored highest on questions mentioning sugar, and lower for questions mentioning fat (73% vs 55%, p=0.01). Although 24 athletes (92.3%) were aware of the “100% ME” initiative, and the World Anti-Doping Agency9s list of banned substances, 10 athletes (39%) considered their knowledge of “supplement safety”, as only capable of scoring of 1 or 2 out of 5. Future education should use this awareness of healthy eating and knowledge of carbohydrate and protein to shape educational strategies on fuelling and recovery, whilst strategies should also focus on increasing athletes’ knowledge of “supplement safety”.
Therapy of hepatitis C: Meta-analysis of interferon alfa-2b trials
Authors: R L Carithers, S S Emerson
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

We performed an independent meta-analysis of all available randomized clinical trials of interferon alfa-2b in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Articles published between 1986 and 1996 had to include previously untreated patients who were randomly allocated to therapy with at least 2 million units (MU) of interferon alfa-2b three times weekly for 24 weeks. A total of 32 trials met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 20 compared interferon-treated patients to placebo recipients or untreated patients and were used in the primary meta-analysis that compared rates of end-of-treatment and 6-month post-treatment sustained biochemical (normal alanine aminotransferase [ALT] levels) responses, end-of-treatment and 6-month sustained virological responses (absence of hepatitis C virus [HCV] RNA), and end-of-treatment histological responses in patients with paired biopsies. An additional 12 trials compared different doses, duration, or strategies of treatment. In comparison with no treatment, interferon alfa-2b therapy was associated with significant improvement in all end points measured. End-of- treatment biochemical responses were seen in 47% of treated patients compared with 4% of controls (odds ratio, 25.1; P &lt; .0001). The biochemical responses were sustained for at least 6 months in 23% of treated patients compared with 2% of controls (odds ratio, 17.8; P &lt; .0001). End-of-treatment virologic responses were observed in 29% of treated patients compared with 5% of controls (odds ratio, 9.4; P &lt; .001) and 6-month sustained virologic responses were documented in 8% of treated patients compared with 1% of controls (odds ratio, 8.6; P &lt; .001). Histological responses were recorded in 73% of treated patients compared with 38% of controls (odds ratio, 4.8; P &lt; .0001). Extended therapy for 12 to 24 months resulted in significant improvement in 6- month sustained responses: 27% versus 14% (odds ratio, 2.9; P &lt; .001). Higher dose therapy also resulted in modest increases in end-of- treatment (61% vs. 52%; odds ratio, 1.8; P &lt; .02) and 6-month sustained responses (28% vs. 19%; odds ratio, 2.2; P &lt; .01).
Antibody Titers in Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: PAUL E. PHILLIPS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 April 1972Antibody Titers in Lupus ErythematosusPAUL E. PHILLIPS, M.D.PAUL E. PHILLIPS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-4-673_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Ziff's otherwise excellent review of "Viruses and Connective Tissue Diseases" in the December issue errs in one respect. Our study (1) did in fact confirm our earlier finding (2) that measles and parainfluenza type 1 antibodies are increased in systemic lupus erythematosus. This was in comparison to all other groups tested except the Reiter's syndrome and, for parainfluenza only, the miscellaneous nonconnective tissue diseases. After finding a significant positive correlation between these virus antibody titers and the serum gamma globulin level, we then postulated, as Dr. Ziff stated, that the proximate cause of the elevated titers...References1. PHILLIPSCHRISTIAN PC: Virus antibody studies in the connective tissue diseases (abstract). Arthritis Rheum 14:180-181, 1971 Google Scholar2. PHILLIPSCHRISTIAN PC: Myxovirus antibody increases in human connective tissue disease. Science 168:982-984, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: PAUL E. PHILLIPS, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1972Volume 76, Issue 4Page: 673-673KeywordsConnective tissue diseasesGlobulinsLupus erythematosusMeaslesReactive arthritis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Low serum total cholesterol concentrations and mortality in middle aged British men
Authors: G. Wannamethee, A G. Shaper, P. H Whincup, M. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1995)

To examine the relation between low serum total cholesterol concentrations and causes of mortality.Cohort study of men followed up for an average of 14.8 years (range 13.5-16.0 years).One general practice in each of 24 British towns.7735 men aged 40-59 at screening selected at random from the 24 general practices.Deaths from all causes, cardiovascular causes, cancer, and non-cardiovascular, non-cancer causes.During the mean follow up period of 14.8 years there were 1257 deaths from all causes, 640 cardiovascular deaths, 433 cancer deaths, and 184 deaths from other causes. Low serum cholesterol concentrations (< 4.8 mmol/l), present in 5% (n = 410) of the men, were associated with the highest mortality from all causes, largely due to a significant increase in cancer deaths (age adjusted relative risk 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.3); < 4.8 v 4.8-5.9 mmol/l) and in other non-cardiovascular deaths (age adjusted relative risk 1.9 (1.1 to 3.1)). Low serum cholesterol concentration was associated with an increased prevalence of several diseases and indicators of ill health and with lifestyle characteristics such as smoking and heavy drinking. After adjustment for these factors in the multivariate analysis the increased risk for cancer was attenuated (relative risk 1.4 (0.9 to 2.0) and the inverse association with other non-cardiovascular, non-cancer causes was no longer significant (relative risk 1.5 (0.9 to 2.6); < 4.8 v 4.8-5.9 mmol/l). The excess risks of cancer and of other non-cardiovascular deaths were most pronounced in the first five years and became attenuated and non-significant with longer follow up. By contrast, the positive association between serum total cholesterol concentration and cardiovascular mortality was seen even after more than 10 years of follow up.The association between comparatively low serum total cholesterol concentrations and excess mortality seemed to be due to preclinical cancer and other non-cardiovascular diseases. This suggests that public health programmes encouraging lower average concentrations of serum total cholesterol are unlikely to be associated with increased cancer or other non-cardiovascular mortality.
A Surgical Temptation: The Demonisation of the Foreskin and the Rise of Circumcision in Britain
Authors: Stefan Bailis, Daniel Halperin
Journal: BMJ (2006)

University of Chicago Press, £24.50/$35, pp 368 ISBN 0 226 13645 0 www.press.uchicago.edu/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> R obert Darby's stated reason for this book is “an attempt to explain the sudden vogue for male circumcision in Victorian Britain.” He meticulously examines a variety of medical, social, religious, and other factors that led to the popularity of male circumcision in Great Britain in the late 19th century and to its decline in the 20th. Darby's work is largely based on original sources, a daunting task considering that many probably had to be retrieved from deep storage. The book's last sentence summarises its main thesis: “The long careers of spermatorrhea, masturbatory illness, and circumcision itself show just how easy it is for modern medicine to retain irrational elements from its variegated past.” The reader, immersed into the zeitgeist of the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries, comes to understand many of the moral factors that were intertwined with medical concerns in increasing the popularity of circumcision. For example, nerve force theory and its related disorder, reflex neurosis, were for a time … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Intestinal motility and absorption.
Authors: M J Kendall
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Laboratories, Dr. Brian Scales), the usual therapeutic level being about 1.5 ug/ml.lTo our knowledge these are the highest values reported in man so far.Possibly any beta-blocker may cause heart failure in a patient whose myocardial per- formance depends critically on sympathetic drive.However, practolol seems to be less dangerous than others in this respect, and in normal therapeutic doses causes only modest reduction of cardiac output.2Practolol has been shown to possess some sympathomimetic activity.Its positive chronotropic activity may explain why the pulse rate fell relatively little and definite bradycardia did not occur in the case presented here.This may explain, partly at least, why the patient's heart condition did not deteriorate.Another possible explanation could be the less pro- nounced effect of practolol on myocardial contractility.This case illustrates the low toxicity of practolol and its modest cardiodepressive effect which has proved valuable in the treat- ment of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias and rapid ventricular rates after myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery.-We are, etc.,
The Use of the South African Frog <i>(Xenopus laevis)</i> in the Diagnosis of Pregnancy
Authors: S. L. Robbins, F. Parker, W. C. Doyle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE use of the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) in a test for pregnancy was first reported some years ago,1, 2 only five years after Aschheim and Zondek's original description of the mouse test in 1929.Like its predecessors, the test is based on the stimulation of the ovaries by the gonadotropic hormones excreted in the urine of pregnant women or of persons harboring neoplastic chorionic tissue. The adult South African clawed frog is peculiarly suited for this procedure because its ovaries always contain eggs, which the frog never extrudes unless it is contacted by the male or unless the . . .
Gastrointestinal Pathology: An Atlas and Text
Authors: Robert Riddell
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>Gastrointestinal and Oesophageal Pathology,</h3> edited by R. Whitehead, 850 pp, with illus, $189, ISBN 0-43-0-3589-X, New York, NY, Churchill Livingstone, 1989. These are two contrasting books on gastrointestinal pathology that have completely different approaches to the subjects, and both have advantages and disadvantages, the appeal of which partly depends on one's personal perspective and requirements. It is worthwhile to state at the outset that these books have been produced to fill a huge gap in the book market, namely, the lack of a comprehensive textbook of gastrointestinal pathology to challenge the now well—out-of-date Morson and Dawson (I understand that a new edition of this has just been released, but I have not seen it personally). The work by Fenoglio-Preiser and colleagues started life as an atlas but evolved into a more comprehensive textbook covering a little of everything gastroenterologic, including radiographs, endoscopic illustrations, and liberal use of tables. Almost all
More Promise for Home-Based Primary Care
Authors: Alex D. Federman, Theresa Soriano
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Antiemetic Prophylaxis in Adenotonsillectomies
Authors: Phillip S. Marcus, Max Ettenberg
Journal: JAMA (1964)

POSTOPERATIVE VOMITING is a frightening and sometimes hazardous experience for a child. If the administration of an antiemetic could significantly decrease the incidence of these symptoms without introducing new hazards, then it would seem to be a reasonable addition to preoperative medication. The safety of the medication is a prime consideration. Trimethobenzamide (Tigan) hydrochloride, an antiemetic introduced in 1959, has been widely used for the control of postoperative emesis.<sup>1-3</sup>It is without the bizarre side effects sometimes experienced with other antiemetics.<sup>4</sup>The purpose of this study was to determine whether, when administered prophylactically, it would decrease emesis sufficiently to warrant its use. For objective drug evaluation the double-blind study is a standard technique. While such studies are not always feasible or advisable, there are certain situations in which they can be used to ascertain drug effectiveness without compromising therapeutic or other needs of the patient. One such situation
The Relation of Endometriosis to Menstrual Characteristics, Smoking, and Exercise
Authors: Daniel W. Cramer
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We compared menstrual characteristics and constitutional factors in 268 white women with primary infertility due to endometriosis and in 3,794 white women admitted for delivery at seven collaborating hospitals from 1981 to 1983. Adjusting for confounding factors, including location, age, religion, and education, women with short-cycle lengths (less than or equal to 27 days) and longer flow (greater than or equal to one week) had more than double the risk for endometriosis compared with women with longer cycle lengths and shorter duration of flow. There was a trend for increasing risk for endometriosis to be associated with increasing menstrual pain. Adjusting for these menstrual characteristics, we found decreased risk for endometriosis associated with smoking or exercise that was largely confined to women who began either habit at an early age and were heavier smokers or more strenuous exercisers. We conclude that risk for endometriosis may relate to menstrual factors that predispose to greater pelvic contamination with menstrual products and to constitutional factors that influence endogenous hormonal levels.
Childhood Obesity
Authors: Risa Lavizzo-Mourey
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radioactivity and Urinary-Tract Calculi
Authors: David S. Cristol, Albert E. Bothe, Paul W. Grotzinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

AN interesting observation promises to open other avenues of approach in the methods for investigating the formation of urinary-tract calculi.A patient who proved to have a vesical calculus as well as multiple prostatic calculi recently came under our care. In the course of the physical examination he was also found to be suffering from polycythemia vera. In an effort to bring the blood hematocrit within normal limits prior to surgery, it was decided to subject the patient to radioactive phosphorus therapy and thereafter to observe any changes in the size and configuration of the calculi. In preparation for surgery, . . .
Phase I/IIA Study with CNS-Targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin (2B3-101) in Patients with Brain Metastases (BM) From Breast Cancer (BC) and Other Brain Tumors
Authors: P.G. Aftimos, V. Diéras, S. Altintas, C. Anders, M. Arnedos, A. Gelderblom, P. Soetekouw, A. Jager, M. van Linde, D. Brandsma
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)