tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Irrational Drug Combination Products
Authors: Robert D. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While the Council on Drugs is correct in joining those who decry the use of irrational drug combination products, there is a very real danger that zeal to remove combinations from the market will lead to "throwing the baby out with the bath water." The ambulatory treatment of hypertensive patients is an area in which it would be particularly unwise to eliminate drug combinations from the market. Many hypertensive patients require more than one drug for control, and the more different types of pill the patient must take the greater the chance that he will become confused about dosage, or will give up the attempt to take his medicine faithfully. A simplified antihypertensive treatment program to which a patient will adhere faithfully is far better than a program which is ideal but confusing, and which he simply cannot follow.
Parathyroid and Bone Scintigraphy in Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Hongcheng Shi, Ji Chen, Shaoliang Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Hyperparathyroidism involves functional and morphologic parathyroid abnormalities and leads to skeletal changes in many cases. Parathyroid scintigraphy and whole-body bone scans can demonstrate abnormal parathyroid uptake and skeletal changes caused by hyperparathyroidism. We illustrate a case of a typical parathyroid adenoma and its bone changes on whole-body bone scans and Tc-99m sestamibi parathyroid imaging.
The Spatial Vectorcardiogram Obtained by Use of a Trihedron and Its Scalar Comparisons
Authors: PIERRE W. DUCHOSAL, JEAN R. GROSGURIN
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The spatial vectorcardiogram is supposed to represent the path of the cardiac vector viewed from a rather large distance. With this in mind, the authors propose a vectorcardiographic method based on a trirectangular trihedron. Comparisons are made between calculated scalar leads derived from the spatial vectorcardiogram, and real scalar leads recorded from the subject. In case of concordance the hypothesis of a single instantaneous cardiac vector within an homogeneous conducting medium is verified. This was found to hold for most circumstances. However, for those instances in which discrepancies arose another hypothesis is advanced.
Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Hawaii
Authors: Patrick Lee Ergina, Osamu Fukuyama
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1987Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in HawaiiPATRICK LEE ERGINA, M.D., M.P.H., OSAMU FUKUYAMA, M.D.PATRICK LEE ERGINA, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this author, OSAMU FUKUYAMA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-423 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Louie and Maron's series from the National Institutes of Health (1) involving mostly white patients showed that only 17% had apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with "giant negative T waves" and none had a "spade-like" configuration on a left ventriculogram. In Keren's series involving Israeli Jews of European descent (2), apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was associated with "giant negative T waves" and in 21%, cardiac catherization in some of the patients showed a "spade-like" pattern in only one. There is probably a distinct clinical and morphologic form of this disease that is associated with "giant negative T...References1. LOUIE E and MARON B. Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: clinical and two-dimensional echocardiography assessment. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:663-70. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KEREN G, BELHASSEN B, and SHEREZ J. Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evaluation by noninvasive and invasive techniques in 23 patients. Circulation. 1985;71:45-56. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. YAMAGUCHI H, ISHIMURA T, and NISHIYAMA S. Hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy with giant negative T waves (apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Am J Cardiol. 1979;44:401-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. . The state of Hawaii Data Book 1983: A Statistical Abstract. Washington, D.C.: Department of Planning and Economic Development; 1983:11-48. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: PATRICK LEE ERGINA, M.D., M.P.H.; OSAMU FUKUYAMA, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1987Volume 107, Issue 3 Page: 423-424 Keywords Cardiac hypertrophy Cardiomyopathies Caucasian people Jewish people ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
PAPILLOMA of the NASAL SEPTUM
Authors: M. Yearsley
Journal: BMJ (1898)

wnte the marked "keeping" properties of the urines of patients taking large doses of creosote.I have allowed some of these specimens to stand for nearly two months without auy change occurring in their reaction or production of fer- ineatative changes.I have, unfortunate)y, not had the opportunity reoently of treating a, case of cystitis, or other disease of the genito-urinary tract in which fermentative changes occur, and where a non-irritant disinfectant would be ot value, but it seems possible that creosote would be of use inemch a case, seeing that no symptoms, either subjective or obeetive, have been noticed in any of these cases to show t*at the drug produces the slightest irritation when the mucous membrane is normal, though, of course, it might pawve harmful to a diseased mucous membrane.Lastly, it is asserted by many that creosote cannot be given to children in more than minute doses.I regret I have not
Immunologic evidence for lack of heterologous protection following resolution of HCV in patients with non–genotype 1 infection
Authors: Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Georg M. Lauer, Joerg Timm, Thomas Kuntzen, Martin Neukamm, Andrew Berical, Andrea M. Jones, Brian E. Nolan, Steve A. Longworth, Victoria Kasprowicz, Cory McMahon, Alysse Wurcel, Ansgar W. Lohse, Lia L. Lewis-Ximenez, Raymond T. Chung, Arthur Y. Kim, Todd M. Allen, Bruce D. Walker
Journal: Blood (2007)
Frequency dependence of dynamic compliance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E A Hills, S Davies, M Geary
Journal: Thorax (1979)

An investigation of lung function was carried out in 99 randomly selected patients with calssic or definite rheumatoid arthritis and in 60 control subjects matched for age, sex, and smoking habits. Mean FEV1 and mean VC were both significantly lower in the rheumatoid patients due to significant differences for women but mean FEV/VC ratio was 73.0% in the rheumatoid group and 72.1% in the control. Steady-state transfer factor was significantly greater in the normal men than in the comparable rheumatoid group, but there was no difference for women. After excluding patients with FEV1 less than 80% predicted normal and patients with low compliance, 72 rheumatoid patients and 45 controls provided series of tracings that could be assessed for a fall in Cdyn of 20% between 20 cycles and 60 cycles a minute. Dynamic compliance was not significantly different in any group at any rate of respiration. Fourteen of 72 rheumatoid patients and three of 45 controls showed frequency dependence (FDC). After the age of 50 the prevalence in the rheumatoid groupwas 11/38 and in the control group 2/27. This difference was significant (P less than 0.05). FDC was not consistently related to other abnormalities of lung function or to the duration, severity, or treatment of the rheumatoid arthritis. In various categories of smoking habits, dust exposure, or allergic tendency, the prevalence was always greater in the rheumatoid group. This provides evidence of patchy involvement of small airways, or alveoli and connective tissue, by the rheumatoid process.
Diagnosing congenital dislocation of the hip.
Authors: N. M. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1992)

ent care settings for elderly people how do we ensure that innovations occurring in these settings are more generally taken up?For new practices originating in private establish- ments it will be particularly difficult.We must have a system that recognises, assesses, and communicates these new prac- tices for the benefit of all elderly people.The route for their dissemination should be through purchasing authorities ensuring that they have the means to recognise innovation and to incorporate it into contracts with all their providers.
Prognostic significance of double product and inadequate double product response to maximal symptom-limited exercise stress testing after myocardial infarction in 6,296 patients treated with thrombolytic agents
Authors: Massimo Villella, Alessandro Villella, Simona Barlera, Amerigo Giordano, MariaGrazia Franzosi, Aldo P. Maggioni, Fablo Turazza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
INEFFECTIVENESS AND TOXICITY OF PODOPHYLLIN IN TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS
Authors: Samuel Schwebel
Journal: JAMA (1952)

In 1949, Reiss and Doherty<sup>1</sup>reported on the beneficial effect of Podophyllum resin ointment in the treatment of ringworm of the scalp. Preliminary clinical trials with this agent by us in scalp infections due to Microsporon audouini yielded apparently encouraging results. Our subsequent controlled studies, with 0.2% podophyllin in carbowax<sup>®</sup>applied twice daily, showed that our initial enthusiasm was unwarranted. In three cases of our earlier series, an interesting form of alopecia developed during treatment. This was assumed to be a toxic effect of the podophyllin, as noted by Goldman,<sup>2</sup>but efforts to understand its mechanism, to control the hair loss, or to use this as a therapeutic measure have been unsuccessful. In none of the children studied was there any evidence of systemic toxic reaction. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE</h3> B. D., a 5-year-old Negro boy, was seen on July 12, 1949, in the Dermatology Clinic of
Breast cancer selective gene expression and therapy mediated by recombinant adenoviruses containing the DF3/MUC1 promoter.
Authors: L Chen, D Chen, Y Manome, Y Dong, H A Fine, D W Kufe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The high molecular weight mucin-like glycoprotein, DF3 (MUC1), is overexpressed in the majority of human breast cancers. Here we demonstrate that replication defective recombinant adenoviral vectors, containing the DF3 promoter (bp -725 to +31), can be used to express beta-galactosidase (Ad.DF3-betagal) and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene (Ad.Df3-tk) in DF3 positive breast carcinoma cell lines. In vivo experiments using breast tumor implants in nude mice injected with Ad.DF3-betagal demonstrated that expression of the beta-galactosidase gene is limited to DF3-positive breast cancer xenografts. Moreover, in an intraperitoneal breast cancer metastases model, we show that i.p. injection of Ad.DF3-tk followed by GCV treatment results in inhibition of tumor growth. These results demonstrate that utilization of the DF3 promoter in an adenoviral vector can confer selective expression of heterologous genes in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
Depressive Illness: Some Research Studies
Authors: Ronald R. Fieve
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This book represents a most interesting collection of the research efforts of a group that has for some years distinguished itself in the field of biologic psychiatry. In particular, the book is useful as a reference source for psychiatric researchers who are doing similar work—especially those interested in neuroendocrinologic studies in depression. The introductory chapter by Davies defines primary depressive disorders, the focus of the studies in this volume. This introductory chapter presents an overview of major areas of research in the depressive states, including neurometabolic studies of amine metabolism, electrolyte studies, endocrine studies, sleep studies, and enzyme studies. The second and major section, by Carroll, is entitled "The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Depression" and in itself could constitute an authoritative monograph on this subject. A review of basic endocrinology and the role of brain transmittor agents in central nervous system control exerted by the pituitaryadrenal axis is followed by a
Psychological Predictors of Survival in Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy
Authors: Hoyle Leigh, Bernard Percarpio, Charles Opsahl, James Ungerer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

In a prospective study to identify psychological factors affecting survival in cancer patients receiving radiation therapy, 101 consecutive patients were evaluated for anxiety, depression, and perception of the seriousness of the condition. In 3 years, the survivors were compared to the nonsurvivors. The survivors had significantly higher mean trait anxiety (p < 0.05) than the nonsurvivors. State anxiety and depression scores also tended to be higher in the survivors (p < 0.01). Self-assessment of the seriousness of their disease did not differentiate the two groups. The nonsurvivors had significantly more pain (p < 0.05). Within the nonsurvivor group, survival time was negatively correlated with state anxiety (p < 0.01), trait anxiety (p < 0.02), and depression (p < 0.01). In the nonsurvivors, women rated their condition to be significantly more serious than men (p < 0.01). Female nonsurvivors tended to rate their condition to be more serious than female survivors (p < 0.1), while male nonsurvivors rated their condition to be significantly less serious than male survivors (p < 0.01). Only among female nonsurvivors did the seriousness rating correlate significantly with anxiety (p < 0.01). The sex differences confirm our previous finding that men may tend to cope with cancer with more massive denial than women. We hypothesize that patients with higher anxiety and depression in the nonsurvivor group had a massive defensive failure, while those who had high anxiety levels in the survivor group had been more realistic about their disease. Our results imply that realistic anxiety may be adaptive in cancer patients, and that massive denial may be a poor prognostic sign, particularly among men. We also suggest, however, that anxiety per se is not necessarily a good prognostic sign in cancer patients but that if anxiety occurs in the context of massive defensive failure, it may be predictive of poorer outcome.
Toxicological evaluation of complex mixtures by pattern recognition: correlating chemical fingerprints to mutagenicity.
Authors: Ingvar Eide, Gunhild Neverdal, Bodil Thorvaldsen, Bjørn Grung, Olav M Kvalheim
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

We describe the use of pattern recognition and multivariate regression in the assessment of complex mixtures by correlating chemical fingerprints to the mutagenicity of the mixtures. Mixtures were 20 organic extracts of exhaust particles, each containing 102-170 individual compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs, oxy-PAHs, and saturated hydrocarbons. Mixtures were characterized by full-scan GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Data were resolved into peaks and spectra for individual compounds by an automated curve resolution procedure. Resolved chromatograms were integrated, resulting in a predictor matrix that was used as input to a principal component analysis to evaluate similarities between mixtures (i.e., classification). Furthermore, partial least-squares projections to latent structures were used to correlate the GC-MS data to mutagenicity, as measured in the Ames Salmonella assay (i.e., calibration). The best model (high r2 and Q2) identifies the variables that co-vary with the observed mutagenicity. These variables may subsequently be identified in more detail. Furthermore, the regression model can be used to predict mutagenicity from GC-MS chromatograms of other organic extracts. We emphasize that both chemical fingerprints as well as detailed data on composition can be used in pattern recognition.
Structural characteristics of articular cartilage proteoglycan in IgG induced experimental immune synovitis.
Authors: C J Malemud, J U Yoo, V M Goldberg, T F Kresina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

The early changes (five weeks) in the structure of newly synthesised and endogenous articular cartilage sulphated proteoglycans were studied in lapine IgG induced experimental immune synovitis. Rabbits with immune synovitis (IS-IgG) were compared with animals with a developed hypersensitivity to IgG (I-IgG) and with non-treated normal weight matched controls. Medial and lateral femoral condyle and tibial plateau cartilage was pooled and radiolabelled for 24 h in vitro with 35SO4. The samples constituted tissue from regions underlying pannus and from pannus free sites. Cartilage from animals with IS-IgG showed a significantly diminished amount of newly synthesised and endogenous proteoglycan aggregate and an increased amount of hydrodynamically small proteoglycans. Newly synthesised (obtained by in vivo radiosulphate labelling) and endogenous proteoglycans showed a similar profile. The proteoglycan monomer fraction from animals with IS-IgG failed to form proteoglycan aggregates in the presence of excess hyaluronic acid. In the group with IS-IgG linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between the synovial pathology scores (but not cartilage pathology score) and diminished newly synthesised and endogenous proteoglycan aggregate.
HIGHLY SELECTIVE INTRA-ARTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROGRESSIVE DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMAS (DIPG)
Authors: K. J. Cohen, A. Jones, E. Raabe, M. Pearl
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: DIPG remains a uniformly fatal diagnosis with most children dying of disease between six months and two years from initial diagnosis. Radiation therapy remains the only intervention that alters the natural history of the disease, but is not curative. Given the frequent imaging feature of a non-contrast enhancing mass at diagnosis, the extent of systemic delivery of chemotherapeutics to the pons is uncertain. Attempts have been made to circumvent this issue by various methods including convention-enhanced delivery utilizing catheters inserted into the pons, blood-brain barrier disruption, and intra-arterial (IA) administration of chemotherapy into the vertebral circulation. This pilot study explores the safety, tolerability, and initial efficacy of highly selective intra-arterial administration of melphalan via the basilar artery at the time of clinical progression following initial radiotherapy for DIPG. METHODS: Subjects with a radiologic or biopsy proven diagnosis of DIPG are eligible at the time of symptom and/or radiographic progression in the months following initial irradiation. Consensus of the multidisciplinary Pediatric Neuro-Oncology conference faculty is required. Subjects with a documented hypercoagulable disorder or vasculopathy are not eligible, nor are subjects who have been re-irradiated. Two cycles of IA chemotherapy are planned 4 weeks apart. Under general anesthesia, the vertebral artery (right or left) is catheterized with a 4-French guide catheter. Following a baseline angiogram, a 1.5-French microcatheter is advanced into the mid basilar artery. After angiographic confirmation of positioning, IA delivery of 4 or 6 mg of melphalan is delivered over 30 minutes. Following completion of the procedure, subjects are observed overnight in the Pediatric Intensive Care prior to discharge the following day. Subjects are monitored for toxicity between, and following, IA administrations. RESULTS: To date, 2 children, of a planned cohort of 5 children, have been treated with IA melphalan. Both children tolerated the actual IA administrations without any procedural associated toxicity including the absence of stroke, hemorrhage, or other technical complications. The first child received one of two planned IA administrations but clinically deteriorated shortly before the second IA infusion was planned. The second child received both planned IA administrations and is in early follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Highly selective IA administration of melphalan to the basilar artery is feasible and acutely tolerated. Updated experience and follow-up with enrolled patients will be presented. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Clinical Neuro-Oncology.
Augmentation of regional coronary blood flow by intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in patients with unstable angina.
Authors: R M Fuchs, K P Brin, J A Brinker, P A Guzman, R R Heuser, F C Yin
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation is capable of reducing afterload in patients with unstable angina. Whether it is also capable of augmenting coronary blood flow to poststenotic myocardium is controversial. We studied seven patients receiving maximal drug therapy and requiring balloon pumping for unstable angina as balloon volume and assist ratio were altered. All patients had greater than 90% stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. With maximal augmentation (40 cc balloon volume, 1:1 assist ratio) great cardiac vein flow, representing the efflux from the left anterior descending coronary artery bed, rose from a baseline of 52 +/- 20 to 67 +/- 25 ml/min (mean +/- SD, p = .004) and mean aortic diastolic pressure increased from 77 +/- 13 to 99 +/- 33 mm Hg (p = .004). Increased great cardiac vein flow correlated with increased mean aortic diastolic pressure across changes in balloon volumes (off, 20 cc, 30 cc, and 40 cc) and changes in assist ratio (off, 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1) (p = .02). However, the intermediate balloon volumes produced great cardiac vein flows at an intermediate level between full assist and no assist (p less than .05), whereas the intermediate assist ratios did not augment flow. Thus balloon pumping increased flow to a bed fed by collateral vessels or critical stenoses; this increased flow correlated with increased aortic diastolic pressure, indicating probable loss of autoregulatory ability.
An essential role for endogenous GM-CSF in induction of airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine asthma model
Authors: Naomi Yamashita, Hiroyuki Tashimo, Hirobumi Ishida, Michio Kuramochi, Mikio Nakajima, Fujito Kaneko, Junichi Nakano, Ken Ohta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
CD40 expression by human peripheral blood eosinophils.
Authors: Y Ohkawara, K G Lim, Z Xing, M Glibetic, K Nakano, J Dolovich, K Croitoru, P F Weller, M Jordana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

In this study, we have investigated CD40 expression in human peripheral blood eosinophils and in human chronically inflamed nasal tissues, i.e., nasal polyps. We show by both reverse transcriptase-PCR and Northern blot analysis that eosinophils from allergic subjects express human CD40 mRNA. We also show that constitutive CD40 mRNA expression in eosinophils could be upregulated by exposure to IgA immune complexes and downregulated by IL-10 and the synthetic steroid budesonide. In addition, we demonstrate that eosinophils express CD40 protein by flow cytometry. Such expression is biologically functional as cross-linking CD40 with CD40 mAbs enhances eosinophil survival in a dose-dependent fashion; in addition, CD40 ligation stimulates eosinophils to release GM-CSF. CD40-mediated eosinophil survival was largely inhibited by an anti-GM-CSF neutralizing antibody suggesting GM-CSF involvement in the survival enhancing mechanism. CD40 mRNA was also detected in total RNA extracted from nasal polyp tissues but not in RNA isolated from normal nasal mucosa (inferior turbinate); by immunohistochemistry, we were able to detect immunoreactive CD40 protein in a variety of cell types in the polyp stroma, but primarily in eosinophils. These observations suggest previously unforeseen interactions between eosinophils and cells expressing the CD40 ligand and, thus, novel pathways by which eosinophils may contribute to the regulation of airway inflammation.