tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Natural history of diverticular disease of the colon. A review of 521 cases
Authors: T. G. Parks
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a survey of the natural history of 521 patients with diverticular disease of the colon half of the patients had had symptoms for less than one month on presentation at hospital, and these carried the highest morbidity and mortality. Progression of the disease was usually within segments initially involved, and extension to other regions of the colon rarely occurred. The overall prognosis of patients with total colonic involvement was similar to those with localized disease, while the morbidity and mortality associated with a recurrent attack were higher than in the initial acute episode.
Cerebral ventricular enlargement. Chronic alcoholics examined by computerized tomography
Authors: J. H. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Computerized tomography was used to measure cerebral ventricular size in hospitalized alcoholic patients, all of whom had evidence of liver disease. Twelve alcoholic patients with neurologic symptoms such as withdrawal seizures, neuropathy, and drug overdose were included. All these patients had normal results from the mental status examinations by the time of discharge. Alcoholic patients had a much higher mean ventricular size compared to 60 control patients. One third of the alcoholics had markedly enlarged ventricles as opposed to only one of the 60 controls.
Abstract 1303: Genetic cancer incidence
Authors: Min Kyu Kim, Soo Youn Bae, Jee Yeon Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objective: Hereditary Breast Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) is genetic malignancy associated with BRCA1/2 genes. Selecting confirmative tests for target population are not clearly defined and expensive. We undertook this study to find the detection rate of HBOC among Korean ovarian carcinoma patients based on family history and immunohistochemistry right after by surgeon. Methods: This study examined 22 patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinomas by single surgeon and counselor. All patients were provided genetic counseling based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) of mismatch repair genes (BRCA1, BRCA2) and 1st, 2nd 3 rd relatives' family history of cancer. Additionally, direct full sequencing to verify germ line mutations was performed to all patients after consent. Results: Median age was 54.Preop CA 125 was 1824(37.71∼16009). There were 3 refusals after counseling. Patients with family cancer history were 3/21(14%). The number of patients with negative IHC results for BRCA1/BRCA2 was 9 and 6.Both negative patients were 3/21(14%). Both normal staining patients were 4/21(19%). There were 3/19 patients (16%) with germ line mutations (two BRCA1 and one BRCA2).Variation of unknown significance mutation patients were 5/19(26%). Conclusion: Our data indicate approximately 17% of patients have a germ line mutation in this study group. Active genetic counseling by surgeon with IHC and family history can help detect HBOC among ovarian carcinoma patients. Citation Format: Min Kyu Kim, Soo Youn Bae, Jee Yeon Lee. Genetic cancer incidence. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1303. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1303
Deleterious Effects of Bretylium in Cats with Digitalis-Induced Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: RICHARD A. GILLIS, MARGARET M. CLANCY, REBECCA J. ANDERSON
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The effect of bretylium on ventricular tachycardia induced by digitalis was studied in Dialurethane-anesthetized cats with continuous monitoring of the electrocardiogram and arterial blood pressure. Ventricular tachycardia was produced by repeated injections of deslanoside (25 µg/kg) at 15 min intervals. Only one of eight animals showed conversion of ventricular tachycardia to sinus rhythm with bretylium administration (2-100 mg/kg i.v.). In each animal, bretylium increased the ventricular rate. The effect of bretylium (30 mg/kg i.v.) on duration of ventricular tachycardia induced by deslanoside (0.75 µg/kg/min) was also studied. Duration was shortened from 65 ± 8.0 min to 7 ± 1.0 min, but the reduction was due to the intervention of either ventricular fibrillation or severe hypotension caused by bretylium. Pretreatment with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg i.v.) prevented these deleterious effects and unmasked an antiarrhythmic effect of bretylium since duration of ventricular tachycardia was significantly shorter (40 ± 6.0 min) than the controls (65 ± 8.0 min). In addition, an antiarrhythmic effect of bretylium was noted when it was administered as a dose of 30 mg/kg ip to animals 24 and 4 hours prior to deslanoside intoxication; 231 µg/kg deslanoside were now required for inducing ventricular tachycardia as compared to 175 µg/kg deslanoside in controls. Thus, bretylium given alone during a digitalis-induced ventricular tachycardia increases both the rate of ventricular tachycardia and the likelihood of ventricular fibrillation. These deterious effects appear to be related to a norepinephrine-releasing action and may be avoided by either pretreatment with propranolol or administration of bretylium several hours prior to digitalis intoxication.
A nano-hydroxyapatite – Pullulan/dextran polysaccharide composite macroporous material for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Jean Christophe Fricain, Silke Schlaubitz, Catherine Le Visage, Isabelle Arnault, Sidi Mohammed Derkaoui, Robin Siadous, Sylvain Catros, Charlotte Lalande, Reine Bareille, Martine Renard, Thierry Fabre, Sandro Cornet, Marlène Durand, Alain Léonard, Nouredine Sahraoui, Didier Letourneur, Joëlle Amédée
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Generation of Recombinant FcεRIα of Dog, Cat and Horse for Component-Resolved Allergy Diagnosis in Veterinary Patients
Authors: Lukas Einhorn, Judit Fazekas, Martina Muhr, Alexandra Schoos, Kumiko Oida, Josef Singer, Lucia Panakova, Krisztina Manzano-Szalai, Erika Jensen-Jarolim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Short-term cyclosporine induces a remission of autoimmune hepatitis in children
Authors: Fernando Alvarez, Mirta Ciocca, Cristina Cañero-Velasco, Margarita Ramonet, Maria T.G.de Davila, Miriam Cuarterolo, Teresita Gonzalez, Paloma Jara-Vega, Carmen Camarena, Pierre Brochu, Ricardo Drut, Estela Alvarez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Home Deliveries: A Changing Amish Pattern
Authors: Thomas L. Sutter
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  Amidst cries, concerns, and controversies (243:1732, 1980) that English (the word the Amish use for people who are not Amish) people are expressing about home births, there appears to be a group moving in the opposite direction. While most continue to have their births in a home, the Amish (a conservative Anabaptist church with Mennonite heritage) seem to be moving toward centralization of obstetrical care.  My experience with Amish people in Holmes County, Ohio, is that historically these people have always had deliveries in their own or their parents' home, with the mother or grandmother serving as the lay midwife. Now some have shifted toward birthing at one centralized Amish home that is set up for the birth.  In one case, the downstairs of a large farmhouse is divided into a room where the woman labors, a room where the baby is delivered (complete with a wooden
EMT: When epithelial cells decide to become mesenchymal-like cells
Authors: Raghu Kalluri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for appropriate embryonic development, and this process is re-engaged in adults during wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis, and cancer progression. Inflammation is a crucial conspirator in the emergence of EMT in adults but is absent during embryonic development. As highlighted in this Review series, EMT is now a recognized mechanism for dispersing cells in embryos, forming fibroblasts/mesenchymal cells in injured tissues, and initiating metastasis of epithelial cancer cells. Also discussed are proposals to classify EMT into three subtypes, each of which has different functional consequences.
Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin or Basiliximab for Induction Therapy?
Authors: Michelle A. Josephson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

In this issue of the Journal, Brennan et al.1 compare the safety and efficacy of two induction therapies commonly used in kidney transplantation: rabbit antithymocyte globulin and basiliximab. Induction refers to the administration of an intensive immunosuppressive regimen during the perioperative period. The rationale behind this approach is that the risk of acute rejection is greatest in the first weeks or months after transplantation. Induction therapies often involve the use of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to achieve rapid and profound early immunosuppression. Polyclonal antibodies used for this purpose include those against thymocytes (e.g., commercially available rabbit or equine preparations); monoclonal . . .
DIPHTHERIA OF THE PENIS
Authors: Archibald L. Hoyne
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Textbooks on dermatology, 1 urology, 2 medicine 3 and pediatrics 4 state that diphtheria of the genitals is rare. However, from the cases reported one learns that diphtheria of the genitals occurs at all ages, but more frequently in children than in adults. It is more common in the female than in the male, for out of fifty cases reported thirty-five were in the former. This paper refers chiefly to but one case of penile diphtheria, of which only fifteen could be found in the literature.  Generally, diphtheria of the penis is secondary to some other diphtheritic lesion in the body; nevertheless, several cases have been reported in which the infection was primary in the genitals. McCollum 5 reported two cases of secondary diphtheria of the penis. Bode 6 and Cochran 7 each reported one case of secondary diphtheria of the penis. The latter's case resulted in paralysis of the
Hepatitis B prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma: A decision analysis model
Authors: Sammy Saab, Mamie H. Dong, Tom A. Joseph, Myron J. Tong
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Hepatitis B reactivation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphomas. These patients may experience direct liver-related complications or reduced cancer survival because of interruptions in chemotherapy. Our aim was to compare the costs and outcomes of 2 different chronic hepatitis B management strategies. In hepatitis B carriers undergoing chemotherapy, we pursued a decision analysis model to compare the costs and clinical outcomes of using lamivudine prophylaxis versus initiating lamivudine only when clinically overt hepatitis occurred. Our results indicate that the use of lamivudine prophylaxis is cost-effective. Even though the use of lamivudine prophylaxis was associated with an incremental cost of $1530 per patient ($18,707 versus $17,177), both the number and severity of hepatitis B reactivations were reduced. None of the patients in the prophylaxis group had liver-related deaths versus 20 who died in the no-prophylaxis group. Cancer deaths were also reduced from 47-39 with lamivudine prophylaxis, presumably because of the increased need for cessation or modification of chemotherapy in patients who had severe hepatitis B virus flares. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of using lamivudine prophylaxis was $33,514 per life year saved.Our results provide pharmacoeconomic support for the use of lamivudine prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma treatment.
Platelet-rich plasma (prp) and tendon healing: animal model
Authors: J F Kaux, P Drion, J Renouf, F Pascon, V Libertiaux, A Colige, C Le Goff, C Lambert, B Nusgens, A Gothot, S Cescotto, J O Defraigne, M Rickert, J M Crielaard
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Introduction The tendon is a tissue which does not heal easily. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of platelets on the healing process of tendons. A local injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which releases in situ many growth factors, has the potentiality to enhance the tendon healing process. The aim of our experiment was to ascertain by an original mechanical measure whether the use of PRP was of interest for accelerating the healing process of rats' Achilles tendons after surgical induced lesion. Methods A 5 mm defect was surgically induced in 90 rats' Achilles tendon. Rats were divided into two groups of 45: (A) control (no treatment) and (B) PRP treatment. Rats of group B received a PRP injection in situ after the surgery. Afterwards, rats of both groups were placed in their cages without immobilisation. After 5, 15 and 30 days, 10 traumatised Achilles tendons of each group were dissected and removed. Immediately after sampling, tendons were submitted to a biomechanical tensile test up to rupture, using a ‘Cryo-jaw’. After that, transcriptomic analyses were made on the tendon samples, to study the expression of type III collagen, matrix metalloproteases and tenomodulin. A hydroxyproline dosage was done to quantify the collagen in the tendon during its healing process. Tendons of the 15 remaining rats of each group were subjected to a histological study, respectively at day 5, 15 and 30 (five rats for each time). Results We demonstrated that the force necessary to induce tendon rupture during biomechanical tensile test study was greater for tendons which had been submitted to an injection of PRP compared to the control group: +19% (day 5), +30% (day 15) and +43% (day 30). Histological study showed that PRP could enhance cells proliferation, angiogenesis and collagen organisation. Our biochemical analyses did not explain beneficial effects of PRP. Indeed, there was no significant difference neither between the expression of different studied genes, nor in the quantity of hydroxyproline between both groups. Conclusion This experimentation has shown that a PRP injection could accelerate the tendons healing process and improve its quality.
Endoscopic Stenting of Strictured Bilio-enteric Anastomosis
Authors: A. Russo, G. Glannone, O. Russo, C. Virgilio
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

The authors report on a case of neoplastic stricture of bilio-enteric anastomosis treated by endoscopic placement of two prosthesis. All endoscopic maneuvers were carried out through the afferent loop of hepatico-jejunostomy.
Signalling pathways in alcohol-induced liver inflammation
Authors: Pranoti Mandrekar, Gyongyi Szabo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

The pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury involves interactions of several intracellular signalling pathways in different cell types of the liver. Alcohol-induced sensitization of liver macrophages to portal endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is considered a hallmark of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Intracellular mechanisms associated with LPS-induced signalling play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of alcoholic liver injury, and are being extensively explored. LPS recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on macrophages and other cell types in the liver, activation of downstream signalling pathways culminating in activation of transcription factors such as NFkappaB, AP-1 leads to increased inflammatory cytokine production in ALD. In addition, LPS-induced MAPK such as ERK and p38 also contribute to liver injury. The importance of alcohol-induced reactive oxygen species and interactions with TLR pathways in macrophages leading to inflammation is becoming increasingly evident. Collectively, these signalling pathways induce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that play an important role in ALD. In this review we describe the key signalling intermediates leading to alcohol-induced inflammation in alcoholic liver disease.
PERMANENT HIS BUNDLE PACING IS FEASIBLE AND SUPERIOR TO RIGHT VENTRICULAR PACING IN ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Parikshit Sharma, Angela Naperkowski, Gopi Dandamudi, Randle Storm, Jess Oren, Kenneth Ellenbogen, Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Allergies in high-risk schoolchildren after early intervention with cow's milk protein hydrolysates: 10-year results from the German Infant Nutritional Intervention (GINI) study
Authors: Andrea von Berg, Birgit Filipiak-Pittroff, Ursula Krämer, Barbara Hoffmann, Elke Link, Christina Beckmann, Ute Hoffmann, Dietrich Reinhardt, Armin Grübl, Joachim Heinrich, H.-Erich Wichmann, Carl-P. Bauer, Sibylle Koletzko, Dietrich Berdel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
The Availability of Plasma Products and the Care of Hemophilia Patients
Authors: Louis M. Aledort
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Paid plasma donor programs are being criticized, principally on the philosophical grounds that human tissue donations should be freely given and not sold. Philosophically, this argument has merit. But in reality, restricting these programs at this time would be injurious to many patients in the United States and abroad. Restrictions would be particularly damaging to the United States' hemophilia patients. Hemophiliacs fare far better today then a decade ago, thanks in large part to generous supplies of reasonably priced factor VIII and cryoprecipitate. Factor VIII is mainly supplied from commercial sources. Last year, for example, approximately 90% of the factor VIII produced in the United States came from paid sources. The widening availability of factor VIII has facilitated home treatment and preventive maintenance, freeing hemophiliacs from the time, cost, and inconvenience of repeated emergency care and hospitalization. Their new freedom has in turn freed medical and nursing staffs to develop
Subxiphoid Pericardiotomy-Reply
Authors: Paul M. Zabetakis
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The experience of Breyer and associates supports our impression that subxiphoid pericardiotomy is a procedure of choice for the treatment of acute cardiac tamponade. It is of particular note that these authors report one patient with a small right ventricular laceration from an attempted, but unsuccessful, pericardiocentesis. No complications from subxiphoid pericardiotomy occurred. The shorter drainage time reported by Breyer et al underscores the need to individualize removal of the catheter based on the quantity of daily drainage. We routinely remove the catheter when less than 30 mL of fluid has been drained during a 24-hour period. It is apparent from the data provided by Breyer et al that our population, which contained more uremic patients, experienced a much greater quantity of drainage fluid of from 300 to 3,400 mL (average, 1,133 ±192 mL). The longer drainage periods were not unexpectedly associated with the cases of highest fluid
LOX-1 deletion decreases collagen accumulation in atherosclerotic plaque in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice fed a high-cholesterol diet
Authors: C. Hu, A. Dandapat, L. Sun, J. Chen, M. R. Marwali, F. Romeo, T. Sawamura, J. L. Mehta
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

AimsCollagen, as a component of the extracellular matrix, has been linked to atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability. Activation of LOX-1, a lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1, exerts a significant role in collagen formation. We examine the hypothesis that LOX-1 deletion may inhibit collagen accumulation in atherosclerotic arteries in LDL receptor (LDLR) knockout (KO) mice.
The Increasing Dispersion of Specialists
Authors: Alvin R. Tarlov
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Equal access to high-quality health services in all geographic areas at an affordable cost is the nation's primary health-policy objective. Attainment requires an adequate supply of physicians in each specialty, an equitable geographic distribution of physicians related to population density, and mechanisms for financial payment that do not deny needed services for any reason.The personal and professional factors affecting the selection of a geographic area in which to practice are numerous. The personal factors include the economic, social, cultural, and psychological background of the individual and spouse and the life style that they prefer — the potential income, the . . .
THE REACTION OF THE LUNGS TO THE INTRABRONCHIAL INSUFFLATION OF KILLED VIRULENT PNEUMOCOCCI AND OF PLAIN STERILE BOUILLON
Authors: Martha Wollstein, S. J. Meltzer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

The experiments show that intrabronchial insufflation of a culture of virulent pneumococcus killed by heat and still containing stainable organisms produces an inextensive, mild, patchy, superficial inflammation of the lung tissue bearing no similarity to the lesions produced by the living pneumococcus, and that insufflation of sterile bouillon causes a pronounced congestion of the lung tissue with which it comes in contact, sometimes lasting for forty-eight hours.
DRB1*15 Allele Is a Risk Factor for PR3-ANCA Disease in African Americans
Authors: Yali Cao, John L. Schmitz, Jiajin Yang, Susan L. Hogan, Donna Bunch, Yichun Hu, Caroline E. Jennette, Elisabeth A. Berg, Frank C. Arnett, J. Charles Jennette, Ronald J. Falk, Gloria A. Preston
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2011)

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) disease rarely occurs in African Americans and risk factors for the disease in this population are unknown. Here, we genotyped MHC class II alleles and found that, among African Americans, those with proteinase 3-ANCA (PR3-ANCA) had 73.3-fold higher odds of having HLA-DRB1*15 alleles than community-based controls (OR 73.3; 95% CI 9.1 to 591). In addition, a disproportionate number of African American patients carried the DRB1*1501 allelic variant of Caucasian descent rather than the DRB1*1503 allelic variant of African descent. Among Caucasians, those with PR3-ANCA had 2.2-fold higher odds of carrying DRB1*1501 than controls (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.0). A validation study supported by the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium confirmed the strong association between the DRB1*15 allele and PR3-ANCA disease, among African Americans. Furthermore, we found that DRB1*1501 protein binds with high affinity to amino acid sequences of sense-PR3, purportedly an antigenic epitope, and to the amino acid sequence complementary to this epitope in vitro. Peptides of sense-PR3 and complementary-PR3 also bound to TNF-α-induced surface expression of DRB1*1501 on peripheral neutrophils. Taken together, these data suggest HLA-DRB1*15 alleles contribute to the pathogenesis of PR3-ANCA disease.