tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epidemic Measles in a Summer Camp
Authors: BIENVENIDO G. YANGCO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 March 1980Epidemic Measles in a Summer CampBIENVENIDO G. YANGCO, M.D., M.P.H.BIENVENIDO G. YANGCO, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-3-440_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I have read with interest the article of Krause and colleagues (1) on epidemic measles in young adults. Recently, as a camp physician, I encountered a similar outbreak in a 3-week summer band camp (2). The campers were 93 high school students between 13 and 18 years of age. The index case was a 16-year-old girl who presented with malaise, fever, sore throat, coryza, and earache. Later, she developed conjunctivitis and maculopapular rash on her face that spread to her trunk and extremities. She had received no measles immunization. Two other campers, aged 15 and 16 years,...References1. KRAUSECHERRYDESEDA-TOUS PJJ. Epidemic measles in young adults: clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic studies. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:873-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Measles in summer camps—Florida, Georgia. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep. 1979;28:334-5. Google Scholar3. . Measles prevention. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep. 1978;27:427-30, 435-7. Google Scholar4. WEINERCORWINNIEBURG LRP. A measles outbreak among adolescents. J Pediatr. 1977;90:17-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KRUGMAN S. Present status of measles and rubella immunization in the United States: a medical progress report. J Pediatr. 1977;90:1-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of South Florida College of Medicine James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital Tampa, FL 33612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1980Volume 92, Issue 3Page: 440-440KeywordsConjunctivitisCyclic adenosine monophosphateFeversMeaslesPharyngitisRashesYoung adults Issue Published: 1 March 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Replacement of Intrauterine Devices
Authors: Yvonne T. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent MEDICAL NEWS article (1981;245:1625), Elizabeth Rasche González, in her article on calcium deposits on intrauterine devices (IUDs), states: "The Food and Drug Administration recommends replacement of IUDs every three years." I would like to clarify that the FDA has approved medicated IUDs (Copper-7, Copper-T, Progestasert) with specific time intervals to replace these IUDs. However, this is not the case with inert IUDs (Lippes Loop, Saf-T-Coil). The FDA did not recommend that inert IUDs be replaced after any specific time interval.
An Anesthesiologist's Plea-Reply
Authors: T. Cameron MacCaughelty
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Certainly, not all anesthesiologists are qualified to practice critical care medicine. Without doubt, most general internists are poorly prepared to deal with the titrated patient care so essential to the critically ill. My own education, including a straight medical internship, two years of medical service with the Air Force, two years of anesthesiology residency, and a year as a fellow in critical care medicine-anesthesiology, did prepare me well, I think, to deal with the problems Dr Laurens lists. Many other anesthesiologists have similar or more extensive education and certainly have the "ability and willingness" to work with medical subspecialists. A recent article of mine might help elucidate this point.<sup>1</sup> J. Willis Hurst, MD, the eminent cardiologist and chairman of Dr Laurens' department at Emory University, has made some of the same points I tried to make in my article. "The anesthesiologist is a highly skilled clinical pharmacologist,
Stab wounds associated with terrorist activities in Israel
Authors: S. Sosebee
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The article by Dr Hanoch and colleagues 1 went beyond mere medical issues into politics. As one who locates medical care for injured children in Lebanon, the West Bank, and Gaza Strip, I can say that this article was both unfair and inaccurate. After all, what is terrorism? Attacking an armed soldier on patrol in a village under military occupation is both legal under international law and a method used by our forefathers in our liberation struggle. I hate violence, but hate even more the oppressive systems that force people to take up arms for freedom.  In addition to the jaded manner in which you allowed the struggle for national and political rights to be categorized in Palestine, there is also a question of balance. Between 1987 and 1994, more than 90 000 Palestinian civilians were injured by gunfire, beatings, or bombings in the West Bank and
Use of information technology in general practice
Authors: J. J Smith, R. J Mallard-Smith, V. Beattie, D. K Beattie
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

The internet and NHS Net are used increasingly in UK general practice. A questionnaire survey conducted in southern England examined these applications. 77 (55%) of 141 practices responded. Of these, 71 were connected to one or other service and 27 offered a practice website. Only a small minority used a website for direct patient booking or access to pathology results. Moreover, among those with a practice website, none paid the necessary attention to data security. The survey revealed some fundamental misunderstandings that may partly account for the slow uptake of these technologies in British general practice.
Direct Comparison of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Multidetector Computed Tomography Stress-Rest Perfusion Imaging for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Nuno Bettencourt, Amedeo Chiribiri, Andreas Schuster, Nuno Ferreira, Francisco Sampaio, Gustavo Pires-Morais, Lino Santos, Bruno Melica, Alberto Rodrigues, Pedro Braga, Luís Azevedo, Madalena Teixeira, Adelino Leite-Moreira, José Silva-Cardoso, Eike Nagel, Vasco Gama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Accident Research: Methods and Approaches
Authors: Horace E. Campbell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The three authors of this book are a public health physician with a bachelor's degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a professor of sociology, and a member of the research staff of the Association for the Aid of Crippled Children. The closely packed volume is the third published by this Association, the other two being<i>Behavioral Approaches to Accident Research and the trenchant Passenger Car Design and Highway Safety</i>. A more arresting title for this new and most important book might have been, "How to Think About Accidents and Their Cure." The logical processes which must be used, the importance of adequate statistical controls, the necessity for understanding and evaluating the psychological aspects, are all presented in a unique way. Many of the significant papers in accident research are republished, some as models and some as "examples." Using these as instructional material in methodology, the book, almost encyclopedic in scope,
A man with high blood pressure
Authors: B. McKinstry, P. Padfield
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 29 year old white man presented to general practice after a routine check at work, which was carried out because he felt lightheaded. His work found a blood pressure of 178/104 mm Hg and a pulse rate of 100 beats/min. His cousin, who was a nurse, rechecked his blood pressure and found it to be 138/92 mm Hg. He was not a regular attendee at the surgery and was taking no drugs. He had occasionally felt lightheaded during the past year, but he had never fainted. He had a family history of high blood pressure. He was slim (body mass index of 20), and in the surgery he had a blood pressure of 172/94 mm Hg and a pulse rate of 98 beats/min. Optic fundi, peripheral pulses, heart sounds, and chest examination were all normal. He had no abdominal bruits. ### Short answers
Hemorrhagic events in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with antiangiogenic therapies
Authors: Austin Duffy, Julia Wilkerson, Tim F. Greten
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

The presence of cirrhosis increases the potential risk of hemorrhage for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the relative risk for hemorrhage in patients with HCC treated with antiangiogenic agents. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of antiangiogenic studies in HCC from 1995 to 2011. For nonrandomized studies we compared bleeding risk with other HCC single-arm studies that did not include an antiangiogenic agent. To separate disease-specific factors we also performed a comparison analysis with renal cell cancer (RCC)) studies that evaluated sorafenib. Sorafenib was associated with increased bleeding risk compared to control for all grade bleeding events (odds ratio [OR] 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 3.0) but not grade 3-5 events in both HCC and RCC (OR 1.46; 95% CI 0.9, 2.36; P=0.45). When comparing the risk of bleeding in single-arm phase 2 studies evaluating antiangiogenic agents, this risk for all events (OR 4.34; 95% CI 2.16, 8.73) was increased compared to control.
REM sleep: Desperately seeking isomorphism
Authors: Irwin Feinberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

If reports given on experimental awakenings validly represent mental activity that was underway before the awakening, REM sleep is neither necessary nor sufficient for dreaming. Another intuitively attractive hypothesis for its function – that REM consolidates or otherwise modifies memory traces acquired while awake – is not supported by the preponderant evidence. There is growing acceptance of the possibility that REM functions to support sleep rather than waking brain processes. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen; Solms; Vertes &amp; Eastman]
Emotional Illness: A Dilemma of Command
Authors: HARVEY R. GREENBERG
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

As a military psychiatrist with the Army's Mental Hygiene Consultation Service, this author gained the impression that many officers who could benefit do not take advantage of the neuropsychiatric services available to them. The reason for this may lie in the resistances, both personal and external, that the emotionally troubled officer must face in seeking help.
Vα24-invariant NKT cells mediate antitumor activity via killing of tumor-associated macrophages
Authors: Liping Song, Shahab Asgharzadeh, Jill Salo, Kelly Engell, Hong-wei Wu, Richard Sposto, Tasnim Ara, Ayaka M. Silverman, Yves A. DeClerck, Robert C. Seeger, Leonid S. Metelitsa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Tumor infiltration with Valpha24-invariant NKT cells (NKTs) associates with favorable outcome in neuroblastoma and other cancers. Although NKTs can be directly cytotoxic against CD1d+ cells, the majority of human tumors are CD1d-. Therefore, the role of NKTs in cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that CD68+ tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages (TAMs) represented the majority of CD1d-expressing cells in primary human neuroblastomas. TAMs stimulated neuroblastoma growth in human cell lines and their xenografts in NOD/SCID mice via IL-6 production. Indeed, TAMs produced IL-6 in primary tumors and in the BM of patients with metastatic neuroblastoma. Gene expression analysis using TaqMan low-density arrays of 129 primary human neuroblastomas without MYCN amplification revealed that high-level expression of TAM-specific genes (CD14, CD16, IL6, IL6R, and TGFB1) was associated with poor 5-year event-free survival. While NKTs were not cytotoxic against neuroblastoma cells, they effectively killed monocytes pulsed with tumor cell lysate. The killing of monocytes was CD1d restricted because it was inhibited by a CD1d-specific mAb. Cotransfer of human monocytes and NKTs to tumor-bearing NOD/SCID mice decreased monocyte number at the tumor site and suppressed tumor growth compared with mice transferred with monocytes alone. Thus, killing of TAMs reveals what we believe to be a novel mechanism of NKT antitumor activity that relates to the disease outcome.
Hepatic amino- to urea-N clearance and forearm amino-N exchange during hypoglycemic and euglycemic hyperinsulinemia in normal man
Authors: Thorbjørn Grøfte, Troels Wolthers, Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen, Per Løgstrup Poulsen, Hendrik Vilstrup, Niels Møller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
The clinical relevance of glycobiology
Authors: Harry Schachter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

The study of protein-bound glycans dates back to the 19th century (1). Until recently these macromolecules have played second fiddle to their cousins, the nucleic acids and proteins. This is not surprising in view of the stunning advances during the second half of the 20th century in the DNA-RNA-protein paradigm, which Francis Crick called the Central Dogma. Since information transfer is a key ingredient of this dogma, it is relevant to point out that the diversity of linkages and branching patterns between monomer building blocks confers on carbohydrates the ability to carry an enormous amount of information in very compact structures (2). These structures therefore carry “more information bang for the buck” than do the other, simpler polymers. The cell surface is covered with protein- and lipid-bound glycans. These structures vary significantly between cell types and at different stages of mammalian development and probably play important roles in the interaction of a cell with its cellular and fluid environment (3–5). Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are essential for normal development in mice (6–16), Drosophila melanogaster (17–20), and Caenorhabditis elegans (18, 21–26). Table ​Table11 lists mice with null mutations in genes required for glycosylation; other null mutant mice are described in reviews by Stanley (9) and Varki and Marth (11).



Table 1

Glycosylation-deficient mutant mice that show developmental abnormalities



In spite of all the evidence showing the importance of glycans for metazoan development, glycobiology did not earn the respect it deserves until the recent description of several human congenital diseases with defects in the glycosylation of proteins (27–32). Since at least 0.5–1% of the transcribed human genome is devoted to the production of proteins involved in the synthesis, degradation, and function of glycoconjugates (11), it is likely that we have seen only the tip of the iceberg. Two papers in this issue of the JCI (Schenk et al., ref. 33; and Kranz et al., ref. 34) support this suggestion. These papers describe a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) in which the defective gene encodes an unusual protein with a role in glycan synthesis that is not as clearly defined as were the defects in the previously described human CDGs shown in Table ​Table22.



Table 2

Human congenital disorders with defective glycosylation
Teratogenesis and Chemotherapy
Authors: JOHN H. DI LIBERTI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 November 1974Teratogenesis and ChemotherapyJOHN H. DI LIBERTI, M.D.JOHN H. DI LIBERTI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-5-709_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent observation by Garrett (1) of reduction anomalies in the feet of a child born to a mother given combination cancer chemotherapy is of interest, but some of the conclusions seem questionable. If we are to assume that "2 months pregnant" corresponds to a gestational age of 8 weeks, then at the time the chemotherapy was given, the lower extremities, including toes, should have been fairly well formed (2). Because nothing in the photographs looks like an intrauterine amputation, the teratogenic event is more likely to have occurred before a gestational age of 4½ weeks (2)....References1. GARRETT M: Teratogenic effects of combination chemotherapy (letter). Ann Intern Med 80:667, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar2. WARKANY J: Congenital Malformations. Chicago, Yearbook Medical Publishers, 1971, p. 940 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 999 N. Curtis Road, # 109 Boise, Idaho 83704 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1974Volume 81, Issue 5Page: 709-709KeywordsCancer chemotherapyChemotherapyPregnancy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Is Unique
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE CDC, it is said, is one of the few federal government centers that rarely issues a press release. In fact, the CDC has something better—its<i>Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report</i>, a 21.5 × 15.0-cm bulletin of a dozen or more pages that each Friday informs an expectant audience of physicians, other medical scientists, news reporters, politicians, and the public of the latest developments in acute and chronic diseases, prevention efforts, and other new or unusual aspects of public health. It was "the M-M-W-R," as the publication generally is known, that first informed the world of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in 1981. And when CDC scientists found the organism responsible for legionnaires' disease in 1977, it was announced in an<i>MMWR</i>whose publication was moved up. Today, the<i>MMWR</i>is edited by Richard A. (Rick) Goodman, MD, MPH, who in 1988 succeeded Michael B. Gregg, MD, editor since 1967. Karen L.
Comparison of Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid and In Vitro Labeled Technetium-99m RBCs in the Detection of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: ASLAM R. SIDDIQUI, DONALD S. SCHAUWECKER, HENRY N. WELLMAN, BRUCE H. MOCK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Twenty-seven paired Tc-99m sulfur colloid (SC) and Tc- 99m RBC studies were evaluated for the detection of Gl bleeding. The only two positive Tc-99m SC studies had positive early Tc-99m RBC studies as well. There were 15 other positive Tc-99m RBC studies (three during the first hour) and these were associated with normal Tc- 99m SC scans. Approximately 70% of the positive Tc- 99m RBC studies occurred after 1 hour. Tc-99m RBCs should be the initial test in patients with Gl bleeding.
Donor Pool May Rise as Screening Blood Test Falls
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

THOUSANDS OF NEW volunteer blood donors may be added to increase the dangerously low national pool as soon as blood banks are able to review and put into effect a recent recommendation from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). One screening test for hepatitis B core antigen in the blood of potential donors has outlived its usefulness and should be discontinued, a panel of experts convened by the NIH last month concluded. Use of the alanine transaminase (ALT) test (also known as alanine aminotransferase) as a tool for identifying blood that may transmit posttransfusion non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis began during 1986 and 1987. It was introduced by blood banks acting largely on a recommendation made in 1985 by an advisory committee of the Food and Drug Administration. Lacking a direct means of detecting NANB hepatitis virus, blood banks used the liver enzyme—measuring test as a surrogate marker for the virus's
Detecting abnormalities in left ventricular function during exercise before angina and ST-segment depression.
Authors: M T Upton, S K Rerych, G E Newman, S Port, F R Cobb, R H Jones
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To determine if abnormalities in left ventricular function precede angina pectoris and electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia, we used radionuclide angiocardiography to measure left ventricular ejection fraction, volumes, cardiac output and wall motion in 10 normal subjects and 25 patients with coronary artery disease at rest and during two levels of upright bicylce exercise. In the patients with coronary artery disease, the first radionuclide study during exercise was performed before and the second after the onset of ST-segment depression. In all normal subjects, the ejection fraction increased more than 5%, the end-diastolic volume increased less than 25% and the end-systolic volume decreased from rest to both levels of exercise. Wall motion was normal at rest and increased with exercise. No patient with coronary artery disease had chest pain or ST-segment depression during the first level of exercise. The ejection fraction either decreased or increased less than 5% in 18 patients, the end-diastolic volume increased more than 25% in nine, the end-systolic volume increased in 19 and a segmental contraction abnormality developed in 14. Hemodynamic and wall motion abnormalities occurred in all patients during the second level of exercise when ST-segment depression was present. During exercise in patients with coronary artery disease, abnormalities in left ventricular function frequently develop before angina pectoris and electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia.
Inhibition of thrombin generation by simvastatin and lack of additive effects of aspirin in patients with marked hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Andrzej Szczeklik, Jacek Musiał, Anetta Undas, Piotr Gajewski, Paweł Góra, Jakub Swadźba, Miłosz Jankowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Penicillin Black Tongue and Penicillin Stomatitis
Authors: N. Mutch
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Treated as Mannikin" Dr. HADFIELD spoke of the mental and emotional development of the child, reminding the conference that the child was a different person at different stages of life.The child, he said, was too often treated as a mannikin, but in fact the child of 2 was quite different from the child of 6, and he again from the child of 12.The child of from 4 to 7 was an independent, unsociable creature, filled with a first sense of achieve- ment; from 9 to 10, and again in adolescence, he-was a mem- ber of a "gang."At about 15 he entered upon a romantic phase, which was quite a different thing from the more sexual experience of 18.Dr. Hadfield accordingly warned parents not to regard as abnormal many manifestations in the development of their children which were perfectly normal to their age and only temporary.It was natural for a child of 2 to be self-willed and for a youth of 15 to fall romantically in love.If such phases were checked they would persist into the ensuing phase and trouble would be caused.He pleaded for freedom for the personality of the child and the inculcation of the only discipline which was worth while, namely, self-discipline.At least nine out of ten " don'ts " were quite unnecessary.The human infant had fewer fixed reflexes than any of the animals, and for that reason it was able to learn by experience.