tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Independent modulation of galactose-specific receptor expression in rat liver cells
Authors: Mara Massimi, Laura Conti Devirgiliis, Victoria Kolb-Bachofen, Luciana Dini
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The expression of galactose-specific receptors on liver cells from rats at the end of pregnancy and from estrogen-treated animals was studied. The number and distribution of binding sites were estimated on hepatocytes and Kupffer and endothelial cells in vitro as well as in situ by means of protein-gold complexes. Hepatocytes and endothelial cells from pregnant rats showed an increased binding activity of at least three times for hepatocytes and one and a half times for endothelial cells with respect to normal rat livers. The increase in the hepatocyte receptor expression was paralleled by an increase in the level of its specific messenger RNA (mRNA). On Kupffer cells, a decreased number of binding sites, at least three times less than control values, was measured. The correlation between the altered hormonal level during pregnancy and the expression of galactose binding sites was examined in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells isolated from virgin rats treated with the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbesterol. In estrogen-treated rats both the binding sites and the specific mRNA of hepatocytes increased as compared with vehicle-treated or untreated animals. In contrast, in Kupffer cells both the estrogen treatment as well as vehicle-only injection led to a significant reduction in the expression of binding sites as compared with virgin untreated animals. To establish whether the decrease of galactose binding sites in Kupffer cells was related to the activation of macrophages or to the removal of plasma membrane caused by enhanced nonspecific phagocytosis, in situ binding experiments were performed after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulation or latex-bead phagocytosis. Nonspecific phagocytosis does not affect the binding activity, which instead appears strongly reduced after LPS injection. These findings suggest an independent response of galactose-specific receptor expression systems in the different types of liver cells to modulating agents.
The Deprofessionalization of Medicine
Authors: Gregory Adams Plotnikoff
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —The article entitled The Deprofessionalization of Medicine by Drs Reed and Evans1asserts that diminished physician autonomy is the principal reason for the loss of medical professionalism in the United States. Although the changing economic milieu clearly has reduced physician independence in decision making, we disagree with the authors that this is the primary cause of medicine's deprofessionalization.  Of the ten components of professionalism delineated by Drs Reed and Evans, three seem to distinguish a profession from a trade. First, there is a code of ethics governing those practices whose tenets are more stringent than legal controls. Second, a service orientation supersedes the proprietary interests of the professional. Third, the profession is largely free of lay control. However, Drs Reed and Evans themselves state that the necessary underlying support for autonomous rule consists of the first two components of professionalism noted previously. They note that a
Screening Test for HTLV-III (AIDS Agent) Antibodies
Authors: Stanley H. Weiss, James J. Goedert, M. G. Sarngadharan, Anne J. Bodner, Robert C. Gallo, William A. Blattner
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The third member of the human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) retrovirus family (HTLV-III) is a newly discovered retrovirus that has been closely associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In our application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HTLV-III antibodies, 72 (82%) of 88 patients with AIDS were positive, 14 (16%) were borderline, and two (2%) were negative. In contrast, only 1% of 297 volunteer blood donors were positive, 6% were borderline, and 93% were negative, demonstrating that this ELISA for HTLV-III antibodies is highly specific and sensitive for AIDS (excluding borderline results, 98.6% and 97.3%, respectively). Among persons at high risk for AIDS, 8% had borderline results, with positive and negative results readily distinguished as bimodal distributions that paralleled the temporal and geographic trends in AIDS. None of the 188 laboratory and health care employees working with patients with AIDS or their specimens were positive for HTLV-III antibodies, indicating that current precautions for health care workers appear adequate. This ELISA for HTLV-III antibodies will be a useful screening test among blood donors and populations at risk for AIDS, will aid in the diagnosis of suspected AIDS, and will help in defining the spectrum of diseases that are etiologically related to HTLV-III.
Abstract 4564: Dysregulated p15 in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract
Authors: Pei-Yin Ho, Yu-Chieh Tsai, Chao-Yuan Huang, Shiu-Dong Chung, Hsin-Yi Yang, Hsiang-Chi Peng, Ching-Hung Lin, Ming-Kuen Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate tumorigenic characteristics of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) by evaluating genomic alterations and protein expression of p15, located in 9p21, in primary tumors and in the morphologically normal pelvis of UTUC patients. METHODS: 10 pairs of tumor and pelvis tissues were submitted for comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to examine chromosome abberations. Western blotting assays were performed to compare the fold change of p15 expression between another 16 pairs of tumor and normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine the presence of p15-positive tumor cells and staining intensity in 53 tumor tissues, including 26 superficial and 27 invasive tumors. The Student's t-test and Chi-square test were applied to explore the correlation between the p15 expression and clinicopathologic parameters of UTUC patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: CGH revealed incomplete 9p21 in 70% of UTUC tumors, including 3 low-grade and 7 high-grade cases. Results of Western blotting assays showed high frequencies (75%) of p15 downregulation (fold change &amp;gt; 1.5) in UTUC tissues compared to their normal pelvis control. Immunohistochemistry results indicated that superficial tumors had lower p15 expression than invasive tumors (p=0.002). In patients with tumor metastases, local recurrence or distal recurrence, the p15 expression level was significantly increased in UTUC tissues (p=0.038, 0.01 and 0.017, respectively). Taken together, our data suggest that the decreased expression of p15 may be an important step in early neoplastic transformation of the urothelium of upper urinary tract and, during tumor progression, p15 may be up-regulated by other molecules, such as SP-1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4564. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4564
Ophthalmic Graves's disease: natural history and detailed thyroid function studies.
Authors: C S Teng, P P Yeo
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Of 27 patients with ophthalmic Graves's disease (OGD) who had been clinically euthyroid three years previously, one became clinically hyperthyroid and seven overtly hypothyroid. Improvement in eye signs was associated with a return to normal of thyroidal suppression by triiodothyronine (T3) and of the response of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH). Of a further 30 patients with OGD who had not been studied previously, three were overtly hypothyroid. Of the combined series, 46 patients were euthyroid, 18 (40%) of whom had an impaired or absent TSH response to TRH, and 3(6-7%) an exaggerated response. Eleven out of 37 patients (29-7%) had abnormal results in the T3 suppression test. There was a significant correlation between thyroidal suppression by T3 and the TSH response to TRH. Total serum concentrations of both T3 and thyroxine (T4) were closely correlated with T3 suppressibility and TRH responsiveness. Free T4 and T3 (fT3) concentrations were normal in all but three patients, in whom raised fT3 was accompanied by abnormal TSH responses and thyroidal suppression. The presence of normal free thyroid hormone concentrations in patients with impaired or absent TSH responses to TRH is interesting and challenges the concept that free thyroid hormones are the major controlling factors in the feedback control of TSH.
Hospital Admissions and Fine Particulate Air Pollution
Authors: George D. Thurston
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influenza's Distant Early Warning System
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

EPIDEMIC STRAINS of influenza viruses now are being identified—because of improved surveillance in Asia, especially China—as early as 2 years before they are expected to emerge as major causes of disease in the United States.  Helen Regnery, PhD, Influenza Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga, says that this early identification and tracking of flu strains is allowing the US scientific community time to prepare effective vaccines. Thus, she says, in recent years the strains incorporated into these vaccines have matched very accurately with the strains involved in the subsequent influenza outbreaks.  The longtime problem of course has been that, in selecting suitable strains in February or March to manufacture a vaccine that will be effective against an outbreak that may happen later in the year, researchers have faced a tight schedule without all the information they would like to have had.  Spreading the Net  Now, Regnery
Does axonopathy play a role in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Karen L O’Malley, Jo Ann Antenor-Dorsey, Jeong Sook Kim-Han
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background Impaired axonal transport may play an early, pivotal role in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). For example, postmortem studies on PD patients show widespread axonal pathology preceding the loss of cell bodies, animal models of PD-linked mutations such as the R1441G LRRK2 mutation exhibit decreased dopamine (DA) terminal fields together with increased dystrophic processes and abnormal axonal swellings, reduced axonal transport is also seen with a-synuclein mutants, and the PD-like toxin, MPP, de-polymerizes microtubules leading to axon fragmentation as well as directly inhibiting axon transport in the isolated squid axoplasm. Thus, PD-linked environmental and genetic factors support the hypothesis that axon transport failure plays an early, critical role in this disorder.
Beta Fibrinogen -455 G&gt;A Gene Polymorphism in Coronary Artery Ectasia
Authors: Atilla İçli, Ahmet Altınbaş, Habil Yücel, Yasin Türker, Salaheddin Akçay, Recep Sütçü, Özkan Görgülü, Hasan Aydın Baş, Fatih Aksoy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B Vaccines
Authors: Carl F. Needles
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Margolis and Presson do not mention skin testing in their Editorial on hepatitis B vaccination.<sup>1</sup>This may be an ill-advised omission, because a skin test response gives valuable information about the cellular limb of an individual's immune response. That reaction is important in infections and vaccinations with hepatitis B. In the former, there is evidence that patients who mount a strong cellular response avoid chronic hepatitis.<sup>2</sup> In vaccinees who get a subunit antigen, it would seem crucial to define the result by measuring not only antibody, but also intradermal reaction, since there can be disparity between the two shortly after vaccination and years later if antibody wanes. The significance of this needs to be ascertained. However, if skin test positivity is present, this would point not merely to retention of immune memory, but also to capability for some effector response. Thus, antibody level does
Pilomatrixoma mimicking breast carcinoma
Authors: A. HAMILTON, G.I. YOUNG, R.I. DAVIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Pilomatrixoma mimicking breast carcinoma Get access A. HAMILTON, A. HAMILTON Lagan Valley Hospital, Lisburn, Northern Ireland Mr A. Hamilton, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Withers Unit, Musgrave Park Hospital, Stockman's Lane, Belfast 9, Northern Ireland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.I. YOUNG, G.I. YOUNG Lagan Valley Hospital, Lisburn, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.I. DAVIS R.I. DAVIS Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 4, 1 April 1987, Pages 585–586, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05883.x Published: 01 April 1987
Secure the Shadow: Death and Photography in America
Authors: John D. Stoeckle
Journal: JAMA (1995)

No longer in the closet, death, like sex, is now a popular theme of another kind. Everyone's talking and lecturing about it, while photographs of the dead are everywhere. We discuss do-not-resuscitate and advanced-care directives with patients; the public debates whether death should be hastened; writers encourage everyone to prepare for dying and some tell how to do it; ethicists constantly remind us of patient autonomy in decisions at the end of life; hospital administrative staff ask patients if they have living wills or proxies; and the dying increasingly accept their terminality, seeking hospice care. Besides all this talk and writing about death are the daily camera shots of dead bodies from local gang wars and distant civil wars in news media everywhere. With so many views of the dead and so much discussion of death, can Jay Ruby's book,<i>Secure the Shadow: Death and Photography in America</i>, show or
Being a caring doctor may be bad for you
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two thirds of junior doctors show signs of obsessive-compulsive behaviour, according to a study of Australian medical graduates.

Although such traits might be advantageous for patient care, the findings raise concerns about their impact on doctors' wellbeing, the researchers say.

The study's preliminary findings also suggest that the push by medical schools to produce doctors who are emotionally sensitive to their patients' needs may be exacting a toll on doctors' own health.

Graduates who were emotionally sensitive were more likely to become burnt out and exhausted during the difficult transition from university to workplace.

They …
Prognostic Value of Bone Scintigraphy in Cancer Patients With Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Authors: Tim Van den Wyngaert, Manon T. Huizing, Eric Fossion, Jan B. Vermorken
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

identifying imaging predictors of healing of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients may assist in better stratification of treatment strategies.patients with ONJ were followed prospectively and underwent bone scintigraphy, both planar and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. End points were time to healing and the number of recurrences. Studied parameters included lesion visibility, pattern of uptake, and quantification of uptake relative to the unaffected side.a total of 22 patients were recruited (3 men; 19 women) with a stage 1 ONJ lesion in 8, stage 2 in 9, and stage 3 ONJ in 5 patients. Median duration of follow-up was 12 months (range, 6-37). SPECT acquisitions proved superior over planar images in detecting ONJ lesions (P = 0.03). Quantification of tracer uptake in the ONJ lesion relative to the unaffected side showed increasing uptake with higher stages of ONJ: mean, 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.18) in stage 1, 2.72 (95% CI, 2.24-3.20) in stage 2, and 4.62 (95% CI, 3.98-5.26) in stage 3. In addition, this relative ratio of uptake was found to be an independent predictor of ONJ healing (hazard ratio, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07-0.82; P = 0.02). Neither ONJ stage nor relative ratio of uptake were predictors of the occurrence of ONJ relapses.bone scintigraphy in patients with ONJ is feasible and SPECT acquisitions are preferred over planar images. Relative quantification of tracer uptake provides prognostic information independent of clinical stage that may assist in identifying patients with a poor prognosis.
The Application of Modern Ideas to Infantile Therapeutics
Authors: T. P. Heslop
Journal: BMJ (1869)

TIE BRITISH MEDICAL 70URNAL. 69"I was called to see Mrs. -, in a state of debility, worn out with discharges from the vagina of long standing; and, on examining per vagisa7n, I found behind the cervix uteri, and a little to the right of the mesian line, a small opening as large as a goose-quill, into which the finger-nail entered, and grated against a hard substance, which was con- cluded to be bone.Higher up, a small tumour could be felt in the posterior wall of the uterus.On consultation with Dr. Butcher, this opening was enlarged by me; and Dr. Butcher removed the bones of a fcetus in detached portions denuded of soft parts, and much discoloured, indicating developmeiit to about the third month.Some bones were * I make a reserve in reference to mercury in syphilis.
Treatment of Hypertension with Clonidine
Authors: A. I. Macdougall, G. J. Addis, N. Mackay, I. W. Dymock, A. G. G. Turpie, D. L. K. Ballingall, W. J. Maclennan, B. Whiting, J. G. Macarthur
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Clonidine, in a daily dosage of 0.15-4.8 mg., effectively lowered systolic and diastolic pressures in 26 out of 28 impatients with moderate to severe hypertension, including five with primary renal disease. The action of the drug did not depend on posture and was not associated with reduction in renal function. Side-effects were not severe, but mental changes occurred in four patients.Clonidine is a useful alternative to currently available antihypertensive drugs, but further evaluation of its longterm efficacy is required.
Glomerular Sclerosis in Adults with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: ROBERT MATALON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Ten adults with the nephrotic syndrome and sterile pyuria are described. On biopsy they had varying degrees of glomerular sclerosis without proliferation. Interstitial inflammation and fibrosis and tubular atrophy were often prominent. Glomerular basement membranes stained for IgG in a uniform, linear distribution and were devoid of discrete electron-dense deposits on electron microscopy. The course of disease was generally one of insidious onset, progressive azotemia, and unresponsiveness to therapy. This form of glomerular sclerosis with linear immune deposits has not previously been described and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in adults.
Implant therapy: 40 years of experience
Authors: Marc Quirynen, David Herrera, Wim Teughels, Mariano Sanz
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2014)

Implant placement has become a well-established and highly successful therapy in the rehabilitation of partially and fully edentulous patients. The 'original' treatment protocol, which aimed to demonstrate implant 'biocompatibility' and the achievement of osseointegration, has evolved over the past 40 years into a broader treatment approach in which the esthetic and patient-related objectives have become the main focus. This volume of Periodontology 2000 summarizes, via narrative reviews, the advantages and disadvantages of this evolution in implantology and offers recommendations on where and when to apply the new therapeutic protocols, without jeopardizing the outcome for the patient. It also discusses current treatments of the most common implant-associated complications. Many of the implant innovations and new therapeutic protocols are supported by evidence-based knowledge and have provided clear benefits for both the patient and the clinician.
Abstract 3997: Nanoproteomic analysis of extracellular receptor kinase-1/2 post-translational activation in microdissected human hyperplastic aberrant crypt foci.
Authors: David A. Drew, Thomas Devers, Nicole Horelik, Shi Yang, Michael O'Brien, Rong Wu, Daniel W. Rosenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Oncogenic activation resulting in hyperproliferative lesions within the colonic mucosa has been identified in putative precancerous lesions, aberrant crypt foci (ACF). KRAS (codons 12 and 13) and BRAFV600E mutation status was determined in 172 ACF identified in colorectum of screening subjects by in situ high-definition, magnifying chromoendoscopy. Lesions were stratified according to histology: serrated hyperplastic versus distended (non-serrated) hyperplastic. Due to their limiting size, however, it was not technically feasible to examine downstream signaling consequences of these oncogenic mutations. We have combined ultraviolet-infrared (UV/IR) micro-dissection with an ultra-sensitive nanofluidic proteomic immunoassay (NIA) to enable accurate quantification of post-translational modifications to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in total protein lysates isolated from hyperproliferative crypts and adjacent normal mucosa. Using this approach, levels of singly and dually (activated) phosphorylated isoforms of extracellular receptor kinase(ERK)-1 and -2 were quantified in samples containing as little as 16-ng of total protein recovered from &amp;lt;200 colon epithelial cells. ERK activation is responsible for the observed hyperplasia found in these early lesions, but its activation state is not directly dependent on KRAS and/or BRAF mutation status. This study describes the novel use of a sensitive nanofluidic platform to measure oncogene-driven proteomic changes in diminutive lesions procured at the time of endoscopy and highlights the advantage of this approach over classical immunohistochemistry-based analyses. Citation Format: David A. Drew, Thomas Devers, Nicole Horelik, Shi Yang, Michael O'Brien, Rong Wu, Daniel W. Rosenberg. Nanoproteomic analysis of extracellular receptor kinase-1/2 post-translational activation in microdissected human hyperplastic aberrant crypt foci. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3997. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3997