tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PIGMENT FORMATION IN THE LIVER DURING AUTOLYSIS AND ITS RELATION TO THE PIGMENTATION OF HEMOCHROMATOSIS
Authors: T. P. Sprunt, H. S. Colwell, H. J. Hagan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

Without claiming any close analogy between the autolytic changes and pigmentation in pathological processes, it has, we believe, been shown that iron-containing, as well as other kinds of pigments, may be formed during the autolytic degeneration of parenchymatous cells independently of the hemoglobin in the blood stream, and hence may be derived from the proteid constituents of the cell itself.
Doctor is struck off for failing to prevent hallucinating patient from discharging herself
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A specialist in emergency medicine has been struck off the UK medical register for failing to stop a delusional and hallucinating patient discharging herself from hospital. The patient strangled and stabbed her 2 year old son to death later that night.

Clement Agbatar, who retired in 2012, was also found to have fallen short of proper clinical standards in his treatment of a patient who presented with vomiting and suspected head injury.

Unusually, the fitness to practise panel …
The Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Mediates Vascular Effects of Inhaled Vehicle Emissions
Authors: Amie K. Lund, JoAnn Lucero, Melissa Harman, Michael C. Madden, Jacob D. McDonald, Jean Clare Seagrave, Matthew J. Campen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: To determine vascular signaling pathways involved in inhaled air pollution (vehicular engine emission) exposure–induced exacerbation of atherosclerosis that are associated with onset of clinical cardiovascular events.Objectives: To elucidate the role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its primary receptor on endothelial cells, the lectin-like oxLDL receptor (LOX-1), in regulation of endothelin-1 expression and matrix metalloproteinase activity associated with inhalational exposure to vehicular engine emissions.Methods: Atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E knockout mice were exposed by inhalation to filtered air or mixed whole engine emissions (250 μg particulate matter [PM]/m3 diesel + 50 μg PM/m3 gasoline exhausts) 6 h/d for 7 days. Concurrently, mice were treated with either mouse IgG or neutralizing antibodies to LOX-1 every other day. Vascular and plasma markers of oxidative stress and expression proatherogenic factors were assessed. In a parallel study, healthy human subjects were exposed to either 100 μg PM/m3 diesel whole exhaust or high-efficiency particulate air and charcoal-filtered "clean" air (control subjects) for 2 hours, on separate occasions.Measurements and Main Results: Mixed emissions exposure increased oxLDL and vascular reactive oxygen species, as well as LOX-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and endothelin-1 mRNA expression and also monocyte/macrophage infiltration, each of which was attenuated with LOX-1 antibody treatment. In a parallel study, diesel exhaust exposure in volunteer human subjects induced significant increases in plasma-soluble LOX-1.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that acute exposure to vehicular source pollutants results in up-regulation of vascular factors associated with progression of atherosclerosis, endothelin-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, mediated through oxLDL–LOX-1 receptor signaling, which may serve as a novel target for future therapy.
Abstract 1760: Preclinical evaluation of IMGN853, an anti-FOLR1 antibody-maytansinoid conjugate, as a potential therapeutic for ovarian cancer
Authors: Kathleen R. Whiteman, Holly A. Johnson, Shanqin Xu, Christina N. Carrigan, Olga Ab, Jan Pinkas
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract IMGN853 (M9346A-sulfo-SPDB-DM4) is an antibody drug-conjugate consisting of the cytotoxic maytansinoid, DM4, covalently linked to the humanized monoclonal antibody M9346A, which selectively binds to folate receptor 1 (FOLR1). FOLR1 is over-expressed on ovarian cancers (38 of 67 tumor samples positive for FOLR1 ∼ 57%) suggesting that ovarian cancer may be a primary indication for clinical development of IMGN853. FOLR1 expression was evaluated on a panel of ovarian cancer xenografts and human ovarian tumors using a calibrated immunohistochemical (IHC) staining method on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. The FOLR1 expression levels and patterns in three ovarian adenocarcinoma xenografts, OVCAR-3, IGROV-1 and OV-90, were consistent with those observed in FOLR1-positive patient ovarian tumor samples. The anti-tumor activity of IMGN853 was evaluated in the three FOLR1-positive ovarian xenograft models identified. CB.17 SCID mice bearing established subcutaneous xenograft tumors (approximately 100 mm3) were treated with a single intravenous injection of IMGN853 at 1.2, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg (based on antibody concentration). IMGN853 was active in all three models evaluated. In OVCAR-3 xenografts, the minimally efficacious dose (MED) of IMGN853 was 1.2 mg/kg. The higher dose levels were highly active, resulting in complete regressions (CR) in 4/6 and 6/6 mice in the 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg treatment groups, respectively. Treatment with IMGN853 resulted in strong anti-tumor activity in both IGROV-1 and OV-90 xenograft models, with a MED of 2.5 mg/kg, single injection. The strong anti-tumor activity of IMGN853 against ovarian xenograft tumors with FOLR1 expression levels comparable to patient tumors suggests that IMGN853 may be a promising candidate for clinical development in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1760. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1760
Biomechanical factors in spinal injuries.
Authors: J. G. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1980)

A proper understanding of the biomechanics of injury to the spine serves as an illustration of concepts relating to injury generally, and should have special relevance to work in general practice. Sport is stressful, and stress produces injury. The significantly increasing proportion of the population taking part in physical recreation leads obviously to an increase in the number of injuries. It is hoped that certain misconceptions about the aetiology of injuries, sporting and general, will be dispelled.
F-18 FDG PET/CT in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Heather A. Jacene, Christian Cohade, Richard L. Wahl
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

F-18 FDG PET/CT has become a useful technique in the evaluation of pulmonary lesions. We present a case of markedly increased and diffuse pulmonary F-18 FDG activity in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). High rates of glucose utilization by the inflammatory cells involved in the pathogenesis of ARDS might explain the increased pulmonary F-18 FDG uptake we observed. In the proper clinical setting, ARDS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with diffusely increased F-18 FDG activity in the lungs.
Seminar on accident surgery
Authors: N. Capener
Journal: BMJ (1969)

JURNAL towards filing in aa omssion which was only too apparent to me...."The case histories are tantalizingly brief (was Billy really schizophrenic ?) and the criteria for clinical improvement are not always explicit.The non-Jungian reader may be forgiven for failing to be convinced that the therapist armed with this particular philosophy and approach does better than any other understanding and sympathetic adviser who can achieve effective rapport with the child and his family.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: The Fragile Species
Authors: Paul A. Fiore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 August 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: The Fragile SpeciesPaul A. FiorePaul A. FioreEden Medical Associates, Eden, NC 27288Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-4-199308150-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Fragile SpeciesLewis Thomas. 193 pages. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons; 1992. $20.00.In The Fragile Species, Lewis Thomas has collected observations on cherished fascinations: bacteria, termites, genes, and language. Upon these wonderments he supports his thesis that the driving force in nature is cooperation, that evolution has favored symbiosis, and humankind's hope for progress depends on cooperation and communication.Readers of the National Book Award-winning, The Lives of a Cell, will remember that Thomas' explication of evolutionary biology holds that scientific advancement requires an understanding of how biologic systems work and interact. Dr. Thomas grew up in the heyday of microbiology ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Eden Medical Associates, Eden, NC 27288 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 4Page: 349KeywordsAIDSBacteriaBiologicsCell biologyChildrenDiagnostic medicineDrug abuseMolecular biologyPrecision medicineVaccines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Louis Joseph Rosin
Authors: B. Bar-Yosef, M. Rosin, D. Hodgson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Smoking is the most well-established cause of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) but particulate air pollution and poverty have also been implicated. We regressed sex-specific prevalence of CAO from 41 Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study sites against smoking prevalence from the same study, the gross national income per capita and the local annual mean level of ambient particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) using negative binomial regression. The prevalence of CAO was not independently associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub> but was strongly associated with smoking and was also associated with poverty. Strengthening tobacco control and improved understanding of the link between CAO and poverty should be prioritised.
The Importance of Placebo Effects-Reply
Authors: Judith A. Turner, Richard A. Deyo, John D. Loeser, Wilbert E. Fordyce, Michael Von Korff
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Drs Ernst and Resch for reemphasizing an important point: to distinguish a placebo response from the natural history of a condition, a clinical trial must include an untreated group as well as a placebo group. We made this point in the "Implications for Research Design" section of our article. The factors Dr Cleophas refers to as biases may well contribute to apparent patient improvement observed in clinical trials. As noted in our article, these include patient expectations of being helped and characteristics of the treatment situation that influence patients to report improvement. These factors can influence apparent patient improvement with an active treatment as well as with a placebo. Rather than viewing these as biases and trying to eliminate them in clinical trials, it may be more fruitful to identify and assess these processes and target them for systematic study.
Depression Severity and Effect of Antidepressant Medications
Authors: Paul Hicks
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
miR340 Suppresses the Stem-like Cell Function of Glioma-Initiating Cells by Targeting Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Daisuke Yamashita, Toru Kondo, Shiro Ohue, Hisaaki Takahashi, Madoka Ishikawa, Ryo Matoba, Satoshi Suehiro, Shohei Kohno, Hironobu Harada, Junya Tanaka, Takanori Ohnishi
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Glioma-initiating cells (GIC) have stem-like cell properties thought to be sufficient for recurrence, progression, and drug resistance in glioblastomas. In the present study, we defined miRNA (miR)-340 as a differentially expressed miRNA in human GICs that inhibit GIC-mediated tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we defined tissue plasminogen activator (PLAT) as a critical direct target of miR340 for inhibition. Among miRNAs screened, we found that miR340 expression was decreased in all human GICs and in human glioblastoma tissues, compared with human neural stem cells and normal brain tissues. miR340 overexpression in GICs suppressed their proliferative, invasive, and migratory properties in vitro, triggering cell senescence in vitro and inhibiting GIC-induced tumorigenesis in mouse brains. shRNA-mediated silencing of PLAT in GICs phenocopied the effects of miR340 overexpression in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a potential role for tissue factor in stem-like cell function. Taken together, our results identified miR340 as a tumor suppressor that functions in GIC to enforce PLAT blockade and ablate their stem-like functions.
Variable expression of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia in apolipoprotein E*2 (Lys146--&gt;Gln) Allele carriers.
Authors: P de Knijff, A M van den Maagdenberg, D I Boomsma, A F Stalenhoef, A H Smelt, J J Kastelein, A D Marais, R R Frants, L M Havekes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Genetic and biochemical studies were carried out in 96 relatives of six independently ascertained probands with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD) carrying the APOE*2 (Lys146-->Gln) allele. Compared to noncarriers, the 40 heterozygous APOE*2 (Lys146-->Gln) allele carriers exhibited markedly increased mean levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) (1.89 +/- 0.37 vs 0.30 +/- 0.27 and 1.86 +/- 0.37 vs 0.68 +/- 0.27 mmol/liter, respectively) and plasma apolipoprotein (apo) E levels (28.1 +/- 1.6 vs 4.6 +/- 1.1 mg/dl), which is characteristic for FD. By means of a pedigree-based maximum likelihood method we calculated that carrier-status accounted for 57% and 71%, respectively, of the total variance of the ratio (VLDL + IDL)-cholesterol/plasma triglyceride and plasma apoE levels. APOE*2 (Lys146-->Gln) and APOE*3-Leiden allele carriers were found to differ significantly in: (a) plasma apoE levels, (b) in the amounts of triglycerides in the VLDL and VLDL + IDL fraction, and (c) in the amount of cholesterol in the VLDL and VLDL + IDL fraction relative to the amount of triglyceride in these fractions. In the APOE*2 (Lys146-->Gln) allele carriers the VLDL and VLDL + IDL fraction is relatively rich in triglycerides as compared with that in APOE*3-Leiden carriers. We hypothesize that these two rare mutations of apoE both lead to dominantly inherited forms of FD along different underlying metabolic defects.
Changes in incidence and prognosis of ischaemic heart disease in Finland: a record linkage study of data on death certificates and hospital records for 1972 and 1981.
Authors: M Koskenvuo, J Kaprio, H Langinvainio, M Romo, P Pulkkinen
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The components of the decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease in Finland were studied by analysing the changes in incidence and prognosis between 1972 and 1981. Using personal identification numbers, hospital discharge records and death certificates were linked for all men and women aged 40-64. During this period mortality decreased 15.9% in men and 23.5% in women, incidence 14.2% in men and 19.3% in women, being greatest among 40-49 year olds living in urban areas, and case fatality 7.3% in men and 10.3% in women, owing primarily to a decrease in patients dying of ischaemic heart disease without being admitted to hospital; survival was also better among patients admitted to hospital. Factors explaining these changes remain unknown because data on risk factors and factors influencing prognosis are limited and largely ecological.
THE ROLE OF PRIMARY MULTIVESSEL INTERVENTION IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATED BY CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
Authors: Darren Mylotte, Thierry Lefevre, H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Eltchaninoff, Nicolas Briole, Karim Tazarourte, Alain Margenet, Dominique Th&eacute;bert, Yves Louvard, Marie-Claude Morice, Philippe Garot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effects of Accidental Intramuscular Injection on Insulin Absorption in IDDM
Authors: Anders Frid, R Gunnarsson, P Güntner, B Linde
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

Recent studies have shown that with the injection technique presently recommended to diabetic patients, accidental intramuscular injection of insulin is liable to occur quite frequently. In this study, the simultaneous absorption of 125I-labeled soluble human insulin (5 U) from subcutaneous and intramuscular injection sites in the thigh and abdomen was measured for 3 h in 10 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects to evaluate the importance of accidental intramuscular injection for insulin absorption in the resting state. Injection sites were located with computed tomography of the thigh and abdomen. From a superficial part of the thigh musculature, the absorption rate was at least 50% higher than from the adjacent subcutaneous tissue, the time until 50% of the initial activity remained (t1/2) being 123 ± 14 and &amp;gt;180 min, respectively (P &amp;lt; .001). No difference in absorption rates was found between the two tissues in the abdomen (t1/2 84 ± 6 vs. 93 ± 7 min, NS). The results suggest that in the thigh, accidental intramuscular injections will considerably increase the variability of insulin absorption and may impair glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Furthermore, the influence of accidental intramuscular injection on insulin absorption seems to vary among injection regions.
The structured exam has taken over
Authors: R. Meadow
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This summer I was an examiner in the medical students' MB examination for the last and 107th time (75% of the examinations have been on home ground in Leeds). In recent years our paediatric examination has been an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and, therefore, I was not sorry that it was my final appearance.

Much has been written about the fairness of newer examination techniques; the standardised nature of the OSCE; its preference by students; and, once it is established, also by the organising staff. But I have not seen surveys of the opinions of examiners and teachers, most of whom have had experience of previous versions of clinical examinations.

In the 1960s and 1970s there was little continuous assessment, and few preliminary tests until the final big bang examination at the end of the clinical course when the students, in the course of a week, had clinical examinations in almost everything—medicine, surgery, obstetrics, paediatrics, psychiatry, etc. For all students it was a considerable ordeal, and for some …
Development in Bone, Blood and Immunity
Authors: Richard A. Gatti, Robert A. Good
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Definition and analysis of clinical syndromes often reveal physiologic and pathogenetic relations not readily apparent by other means. Sometimes, syndromes overlap to an extent that their relations to one another and the underlying physiologic, pathogenetic or genetic mechanisms are confusing or obscure, as in the case with cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), depressed development of cell-mediated immunity and chronic neutropenia presented in this issue by Lux et al. The relation of this genetically determined syndrome to other syndromes, some of which are surely consequences of genetic abnormality, requires clarification. Parallels exist between the disease described and a number of other more or . . .
Risk factors for early death in non-insulin dependent diabetes and men with known glucose tolerance status.
Authors: B Balkau, E Eschwege, L Papoz, J L Richard, J R Claude, J M Warnet, P Ducimetiere
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To identify risk factors for all cause mortality according to glucose tolerance status. DESIGN--Cohort study with an average 15.6 years9 follow up. SETTING--Paris, France. SUBJECTS--7166 working men aged 44-55 in 1968-72 in the Paris prospective study cohort, with non-insulin dependent diabetes or known result of two hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Risk factors for death from all causes. RESULTS--128 men were known to be diabetic, 180 had diabetes diagnosed, and 697 had impaired glucose tolerance diagnosed. Compared with normoglycaemic men the relative risks of death in these groups were 2.0 (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 3.0), 2.7 (2.0 to 3.6), and 1.6 (1.3 to 2.0) respectively. Obesity, smoking, high blood pressure, and high non-esterified fatty acid concentration were risk factors for death in all subjects and were unaffected by glucose tolerance. The risks for fasting and two hour insulin concentrations and mean corpuscular volume were two times higher in known diabetic men than in men not known to be diabetic. Central obesity was significant only in men not known to be diabetic (1.6 (1.4 to 1.9)). In known diabetic men a two hour glucose concentration higher than 11.1 mmol/l carried a relative risk of death of 3.8 (1.4 to 9.4). CONCLUSIONS--Diabetic men have similar risk factors for early mortality to other men but are at higher risk from hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia, and high mean corpuscular volume.
Hepatodiaphragmatic Colonic Interposition (Chilaiditi??s Syndrome) Demonstrated on Tc-99m DISIDA Scan
Authors: RICHARD F. GRZYBOWSKI, HELENA R. BALON, CONRAD E. NAGLE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Hepatodiaphragmatic colonic interposition as an incidental finding during hepatobiliary scintigraphy is demonstrated. Its scintigraphic appearance has not been reported previously.