tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Corticosteroid-Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Timothy C. Birdsall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 July 1997Prevention of Corticosteroid-Induced OsteoporosisTimothy C. Birdsall, NDTimothy C. Birdsall, NDSandpoint, ID 83864Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Buckley and associates [1] are to be congratulated on their important study evaluating the effectiveness of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 in the prevention of corticosteroid-induced bone loss. However, the article contains potentially confusing descriptions of the actual amount of calcium administered to the participants. In at least four separate places, including the abstract and the concluding paragraph, the authors incorrectly state that participants received 1000 mg of calcium carbonate daily. In the Study Design section, they write that “Patients received either calcium carbonate (1000 mg/d) and vitamin D3 (500 IU/d) (two tablets twice a day ...REFERENCE1. Buckley LM, Leib ES, Cartularo KS, Vacek PM, Cooper SM. Calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation prevents bone loss in the spine secondary to low-dose corticosteroids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:961-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Sandpoint, ID 83864 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 1Page: 90KeywordsBone resorptionCalciumCarbonatesHealth careIngestionOsteoporosis Issue Published: 1 July 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
SENSITIZATION TO DENATURED AUTOLOGOUS GAMMA GLOBULIN
Authors: Robert T. McCluskey, Frederick Miller, Baruj Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

Immunization of guinea pigs with denatured autologous gamma globulin results in the development of delayed hypersensitivity to some form of gamma globulin. When the autologous gamma globulin is subjected to denaturation with alkaline treatment as employed in this study, guinea pigs regularly develop reactivity to the immunizing material and occasionally to some form of heterologous gamma globulin. With other forms of denaturation, such as produced by urea, ultrasound, or heat, guinea pigs rarely develop sensitivity to the immunizing material but frequently exhibit delayed reactivity to native or denatured heterologous gamma globulin. Reactivity against native autologous gamma globulin does not occur. Guinea pigs immunized with undenatured autologous gamma globulin fail to develop reactivity to any form of gamma globulin. Rabbits immunized with denatured autologous gamma globulin develop circulating antibodies against some form of gamma globulin. Rabbits immunized with alkaline denatured autologous gamma globulin develop antibodies against the preparation used for immunization and against heterologous gamma globulin; rabbits immunized with autologous gamma globulin subjected to freeze-thaw or heat denaturation develop antibodies against heterologous globulin, but antibodies against the immunizing material can only rarely be demonstrated.
Bendamustine: Rebirth of an Old Drug
Authors: Bruce D. Cheson, Mathias J. Rummel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Bendamustine is a unique cytotoxic agent with structural similarities to alkylating agents and antimetabolites, but which is non-cross-resistant with alkylating agents and other drugs in vitro and in the clinic. Early clinical studies conducted in the German Democratic Republic more than 30 years ago suggested promising activity in indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Two North American trials reported responses in more than 70% of patients with chemotherapy- and rituximab-refractory disease, suggesting that bendamustine may be the most effective drug available for this patient population. Response rates of 90% to 92%, with complete remission in 55% to 60%, have been reported in patients with follicular and mantle-cell lymphoma with the combination of bendamustine and rituximab. Superiority over chlorambucil in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) led to its recent approval for this disease in the United States. Bendamustine is approved in Germany for the treatment of patients with indolent NHL, CLL, and multiple myeloma. Activity has also been noted in patients with breast cancer and small-cell lung cancer [corrected]. Questions related to the optimization of bendamustine therapy, including dose and schedule, role relative to other available agents, and management of toxicities, are being investigated. However, the availability of bendamustine provides another effective treatment option for patients with lymphoid malignancies.
An encyclopedia of mouse DNA elements (Mouse ENCODE)
Authors: John A Stamatoyannopoulos, Michael Snyder, Ross Hardison, Bing Ren, Thomas Gingeras, David M Gilbert, Mark Groudine, Michael Bender, Rajinder Kaul, Theresa Canfield, Erica Giste, Audra Johnson, Mia Zhang, Gayathri Balasundaram, Rachel Byron, Vaughan Roach, Peter J Sabo, Richard Sandstrom, A Sandra Stehling, Robert E Thurman, Sherman M Weissman, Philip Cayting, Manoj Hariharan, Jin Lian, Yong Cheng, Stephen G Landt, Zhihai Ma, Barbara J Wold, Job Dekker, Gregory E Crawford, Cheryl A Keller, Weisheng Wu, Christopher Morrissey, Swathi A Kumar, Tejaswini Mishra, Deepti Jain, Marta Byrska-Bishop, Daniel Blankenberg, Bryan R Lajoie, Gaurav Jain, Amartya Sanyal, Kaun-Bei Chen, Olgert Denas, James Taylor, Gerd A Blobel, Mitchell J Weiss, Max Pimkin, Wulan Deng, Georgi K Marinov, Brian A Williams, Katherine I Fisher-Aylor, Gilberto Desalvo, Anthony Kiralusha, Diane Trout, Henry Amrhein, Ali Mortazavi, Lee Edsall, David McCleary, Samantha Kuan, Yin Shen, Feng Yue, Zhen Ye, Carrie A Davis, Chris Zaleski, Sonali Jha, Chenghai Xue, Alex Dobin, Wei Lin, Meagan Fastuca, Huaien Wang, Roderic Guigo, Sarah Djebali, Julien Lagarde, Tyrone Ryba, Takayo Sasaki, Venkat S Malladi, Melissa S Cline, Vanessa M Kirkup, Katrina Learned, Kate R Rosenbloom, W James Kent, Elise A Feingold, Peter J Good, Michael Pazin, Rebecca F Lowdon, Leslie B Adams
Journal: Genome biology (2012)
Zinc Sequestration by the Neutrophil Protein Calprotectin Enhances Salmonella Growth in the Inflamed Gut
Authors: Janet Z. Liu, Stefan Jellbauer, Adam J. Poe, Vivian Ton, Michele Pesciaroli, Thomas E. Kehl-Fie, Nicole A. Restrepo, Martin P. Hosking, Robert A. Edwards, Andrea Battistoni, Paolo Pasquali, Thomas E. Lane, Walter J. Chazin, Thomas Vogl, Johannes Roth, Eric P. Skaar, Manuela Raffatellu
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
Repeat Stool Testing to Diagnose Clostridium difficile Infection Using Enzyme Immunoassay Does Not Increase Diagnostic Yield
Authors: Abhishek Deshpande, Vinay Pasupuleti, Preethi Patel, Gati Ajani, Geraldine Hall, Bo Hu, Anil Jain, David D.K. Rolston
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2011)
Induction of immune unresponsiveness to concordant islet xenografts by intrahepatic preimmunization and transient immunosuppression.
Authors: J A Goss, E H Finke, M W Flye, P E Lacy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Streptozotocin-induced, diabetic mice (C57BL/6) were preimmunized by injecting 25 low temperature, cultured Wistar-Furth (WF) rat islets into the portal vein, and the recipients received one injection of mouse and rat antilymphocyte sera. 3 wk later, fresh WF islets were transplanted under the kidney capsule of the preimmunized recipients, and normoglycemia was maintained in all 13 recipients for 60 d. Removal of the grafts at 60 d returned the mice to a diabetic state. Transplants of fresh WF islets under the kidney capsule without pretreatment of the recipients had a mean survival time of 16.5 +/- 2.5 d. These findings demonstrate that immune unresponsiveness can be achieved across a concordant, islet xenograft barrier within 3 wk after intrahepatic preimmunization with a small number of donor rat islets and transient immunosuppression with antilymphocyte sera.
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade attenuates TGF-β–induced failure of muscle regeneration in multiple myopathic states
Authors: Ronald D Cohn, Christel van Erp, Jennifer P Habashi, Arshia A Soleimani, Erin C Klein, Matthew T Lisi, Matthew Gamradt, Colette M ap Rhys, Tammy M Holm, Bart L Loeys, Francesco Ramirez, Daniel P Judge, Christopher W Ward, Harry C Dietz
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
NOTE on the DRAINAGE of LARGE CAVITIES after SURGICAL OPERATIONS
Authors: G. Heaton
Journal: BMJ (1898)

THE BJOURNAL 207 breaks being so generally of long duration, there was no difficulty at arriving at a just conclusion as to the value of cholera camping when this method was introduced as soon as a suffi- cient number of instances (comparatively small in this case) could be brought forward.So far as the evidence in my possession goes, in most disticts in the North-West Provinces the duration of village outbreaks resembles more that quoted for British troops in cantonments than the instance of the Mainpuri district.The following table gives a summary of the data I have collected:Locality.
The Congenital Variety of the "Subclavian Steal" Syndrome
Authors: R. A. MASSUMI
Journal: Circulation (1963)

A case of the subclavian steal syndrome due to congenital atresia of the left subclavian artery is described. Attention is called to the alterations in contour and peak time of the pulse in the involved arm, making clinical diagnosis possible. Absence of signs and symptoms of basilar arterial insufficiency is pointed out and ascribed to the youthful state of the cerebral arteries. The continued use of the term "subclavian steal" is encouraged.
Environmental tobacco smoke exposure, urine <scp>CC</scp>‐16 levels, and asthma outcomes among <scp>C</scp>hinese children
Authors: Y.‐N. Ma, Z. Qian, J. Wang, E. Rodemich, Y. L. Lee, X.‐F. Lv, Y.‐Q. Liu, Y. Zhao, M.‐M. Huang, Y. Liu, J. Sun, Q.‐C. He, G.‐H. Dong
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the relationship between club cell secretory protein ( C lara) ( CC ‐16) and respiratory diseases. However, few studies have explored the associations between urine CC ‐16 levels and environmental tobacco smoke ( ETS ) exposure in children. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether ETS exposure is associated with CC ‐16 when stratified by asthma status. Methods In our study, CC ‐16 was measured on 537 children aged 9–15 from northeast C hina in 2011–2012 using the Human Clara Cell Protein ELISA kits. Doctor‐diagnosed asthma was defined as having ever been diagnosed with asthma by a physician. The relationship between ETS exposure and urine CC ‐16 level was assessed using linear regression. Results When stratified by asthma status, a negative association between ETS exposure and urine CC ‐16 was observed after adjusting for the effects of the related covariates, with an adjusted β coefficient [ P value] = −0.31 [0.006] in the first 2 years of life and with an adjusted β coefficient [ P value] = −0.68 [0.004] in the first 2 years of life and current. Conclusions Our study shows long‐term exposure to ETS was associated with urinary CC ‐16 among children without asthma.
Management of Male Impotence
Authors: David Gomberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dr Alan H. Bennett with the aid of 20 other distinguished contributors has compiled a timely, concise volume on male sexual dysfunction. It is one in a series entitled, "International Perspectives in Urology." In 19 chapters the reader can obtain an overview ranging from the fundamental anatomy and physiology of male sexual function to the development within the last decade of the present state of prosthetic penile implants. Chapter 4 stresses the importance of an orderly, stepwise evaluation of the problem from a careful history to the more recently developed, sophisticated studies such as nocturnal penile tumescence and penile vascular studies. Psychiatric assessment is included. The endocrinologie, hemodynamic, and organic (medical and surgical) causes of erectile failure are discussed. There is also an excellent chapter on the pharmacology of impotence. In this chapter, the high incidence of sexual dysfunction in alcoholics is mentioned. This problem is rarely considered by the
Immunosuppression and HCV recurrence after liver transplantation
Authors: Dimitrios N. Samonakis, Giacomo Germani, Andrew K. Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

HCV related liver disease is the most common indication for liver transplantation. Recurrence of HCV infection is universal and has a substantial impact on patient and graft survival. Immunosuppression is a major factor responsible for the accelerated recurrence and compressed natural history of recurrent HCV infection. Accumulating experience has provided data to support certain strategies for immunosuppressive regimens. From the available evidence, more severe recurrence results from repeated bolus corticosteroid therapy and anti-lymphocyte antibodies used to treat rejection. Low dose and slow tapering of steroids are better than high dose maintenance and/or rapid tapering. Recent meta-analyses favour steroid-free regimens but these are complicated to interpret as the absence of steroids may simply represent less immunopotency. There is no difference in HCV recurrence between tacrolimus and cyclosporine regimens, but tacrolimus increases graft and patient survival in HCV transplanted patients. There may be a beneficial effect of maintenance azathioprine given for 6 months or longer. There is no conclusive evidence for benefit of mycophenolate and interleukin-2 receptor blockers. Few data are available for mTOR inhibitors. Better evidence is needed to establish the optimal immunosuppressive regimen for HCV recipients and more randomized trials should be performed.
European agency defends existing advice on later generation contraceptive pills
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

France has called for a Europe-wide change in how later generation oral contraceptives are prescribed, because of the risk of side effects, but the European Medicines Agency has said that so far there is no new evidence to justify additional regulations.

At a press conference on Friday France’s health minister, Marisol Touraine, said that she would ask the agency to “modify” its market authorisation for third and fourth generation contraceptive pills. She also called for clearer warnings to be provided about the risks of venous embolism associated with the newer pills.

“The objective is that these pills are no longer …
Vocational training in general practice
Authors: P. Sackin
Journal: BMJ (1988)

It is strange that Dr Forsvthe should ask why it takes the secretary of state a vear to determine an appeal under section 190 when the issues are so much weightier.)isciplinary pro- ceedings may arise from a clash of personalities.-Whatever the result of the current deliberations between the DHSS and the Joint Consultants Committee, the lMN6I )112 or similar procedure would lose some of its unf:airness if regional health authorities were stripped of their responsibilitics.if onlv becausc thcv do not tollow the fundamental principles of natural justice in which the accused consultant is told who his accuser is.
Elective Sclerotherapy - Technique and Results
Authors: D. Westaby, R. Williams
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Elective sclerotherapy, to obliterate oesophageal varices, is discussed with particular reference to the results of three controlled trials. There is strong support from each of these studies for the prevention of rebleeding. However, the results for overall survival are conflicting. This discrepancy is discussed in relationship to major differences in trial design. Different techniques of injection sclerotherapy are reviewed, although there is a paucity of comparative data. A prospective study is reported in which 147 patients were followed after initial obliteration of varices, in order to document the rate of recurrence of varices, the associated rate of rebleeding and hence the need for, and timing of, follow-up endoscopy.
Physiological hyperinsulinemia inhibits myocardial protein degradation in vivo in the canine heart.
Authors: L H Young, D M Dahl, D Rauner, E J Barrett
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Myocardial protein turnover in vivo was examined in anesthetized dogs following a 16- or 36-hour fast and again during a hyperinsulinemic (2 mU/kg per minute) euglycemic clamp with or without amino acid replacement or during saline infusion. We measured myocardial phenylalanine balance and rates of protein synthesis and degradation, using the extraction of intravenously infused L-[ring-2,6-3H]phenylalanine and the dilution of its specific activity across the heart at isotopic steady state. After both a 16-hour (n = 19) and 36-hour fast (n = 10), there was net myocardial release of phenylalanine indicated by the negative balances for phenylalanine of -52 +/- 9 (p less than 0.001) and -38 +/- 9 (p less than 0.005) nmol/min, respectively. Overall, the basal rate of myocardial protein degradation was lower in the 36-hour-fasted animals (81 +/- 13 versus 121 +/- 12 nmol/min, p less than 0.05). Myocardial phenylalanine balance and rates of protein synthesis and degradation did not change during insulin and glucose infusion in the 36-hour-fasted animals (n = 10). In these animals, there was a 30-40% decline in plasma amino acid concentrations, including branched chain (p less than 0.001) and essential amino acids (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Characterization of the early lesion of 'degenerative' valvular aortic stenosis. Histological and immunohistochemical studies.
Authors: C M Otto, J Kuusisto, D D Reichenbach, A M Gown, K D O'Brien
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Nonrheumatic stenosis of trileaflet aortic valves, often termed senile or calcific valvular aortic stenosis, is considered a "degenerative" process, but little is known about the cellular or molecular factors that mediate its development.To characterize the developing aortic valvular lesion, we performed histological and immunohistochemical studies on Formalin-fixed and methanol-Carnoy's-fixed paraffin-embedded aortic valve leaflets or on frozen sections obtained at autopsy from 27 adults (age, 46 to 82 years) with normal leaflets (n = 6), mild macroscopic leaflet thickening (n = 15), or clinical aortic stenosis (n = 6). Focal areas of thickening ("early lesions") were characterized by (1) subendothelial thickening on the aortic side of the leaflet, between the basement membrane (PAS-positive) and elastic lamina (Verhoeff-van Gieson), (2) the presence of large amounts of intracellular and extracellular neutral lipids (oil red O) and fine, stippled mineralization (von Kossa), and (3) disruption of the basement membrane overlying the lesion. Regions of the fibrosa adjacent to these lesions were characterized by thickening and by protein, lipid, and calcium accumulation. Control valves showed none of these abnormalities. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using monoclonal antibodies directed against macrophages (anti-CD68 or HAM-56), and contractile proteins of smooth muscle cells or myofibroblasts (anti-alpha-actin and HHF-35) or rabbit polyclonal antiserum against T lymphocytes (anti-CD3). In normal valves, scattered macrophages were present in the fibrosa and ventricularis, and occasional muscle actin-positive cells were detected in the proximal portion of the ventricularis near the leaflet base, but no T lymphocytes were found. In contrast, early lesions were characterized by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate composed of non-foam cell and foam cell macrophages, occasional T cells, and rare alpha-actin-positive cells. In stenotic aortic valves, a similar but more advanced lesion was seen.The early lesion of "degenerative" aortic stenosis is an active inflammatory process with some similarities (lipid deposition, macrophage and T-cell infiltration, and basement membrane disruption) and some dissimilarities (presence of prominent mineralization and small numbers of smooth muscle cells) to atherosclerosis.
Altered macrophage differentiation and immune dysfunction in tumor development
Authors: Antonio Sica, Vincenzo Bronte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Tumors require a constant influx of myelomonocytic cells to support the angiogenesis and stroma remodeling needed for their growth. This is mediated by tumor-derived factors, which cause sustained myelopoiesis and the accumulation and functional differentiation of myelomonocytic cells, most of which are macrophages, at the tumor site. An important side effect of the accumulation and functional differentiation of these cells is that they can induce lymphocyte dysfunction. A complete understanding of the complex interplay between neoplastic and myelomonocytic cells might offer novel targets for therapeutic intervention aimed at depriving tumor cells of important growth support and enhancing the antitumor immune response.
Pulmonary artery reflection for differentially diagnosing primary pulmonary hypertension and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Yasunori Nakayama, Norifumi Nakanishi, Tomoshige Hayashi, Noritoshi Nagaya, Fumio Sakamaki, Nagato Satoh, Hideo Ohya, Shingo Kyotani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Denopamine, a β1-adrenergic agonist, prolongs survival in a murine model of congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α production in the heart
Authors: Ryosuke Nishio, Akira Matsumori, Tetsuo Shioi, WeiZhong Wang, Takehiko Yamada, Koh Ono, Shigetake Sasayama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
The Potentially Poor Response to Outpatient Diabetes Care in Urban African-Americans
Authors: Curtiss B. Cook, Robert H. Lyles, Imad El-Kebbi, David C. Ziemer, Daniel L. Gallina, Virginia G. Dunbar, Lawrence S. Phillips
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE— HbAlc levels can be reduced in populations of diabetic patients, but some individuals may exhibit little improvement. To search for reasons underlying differences in HbAlcoutcome, we analyzed patients managed in an outpatient diabetes clinic. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— African-Americans with type 2 diabetes were categorized as responders, intermediate responders or poor responders according to their HbAlc level after 1 year of care. Logistical regression was used to determine baseline characteristics that distinguished poor responders from responders. Therapeutic strategies were examined for each of the response categories. RESULTS— The 447 patients had a mean age and disease duration of 58 and 5 years, respectively, and BMI of 32 kg/m2. Overall, the mean HbAlc level fell from 9.6 to 8.1% after 12 months. Mean HbAlc levels improved from 8.8 to 6.2% in responders, and from 9.5 to 7.9% in intermediate responders. In poor responders, the average HbAlc level was 10.8% on presentation and 10.9% at 1 year. The odds of being a poor responder were significantly increased with longer disease duration, higher initial HbAlc level, and greater BMI. Although doses of oral agents and insulin were significantly higher among poor responders at most visits, the acceleration of insulin therapy did not occur until late in the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS— Clinical diabetes programs need to devise methods to identify patients who are at risk for persistent hyperglycemia. Whereas patient characteristics explain some heterogeneity of HbAlc outcome(and may aid in earlier identification of patients who potentially may not respond to conventional treatment), insufficient intensification of therapy may also be a component underlying the failure to achieve glycemic goals.