tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A point mutation in gp91-phox of cytochrome b558 of the human NADPH oxidase leading to defective translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47-phox and p67-phox.
Authors: J H Leusen, M de Boer, B G Bolscher, P M Hilarius, R S Weening, H D Ochs, D Roos, A J Verhoeven
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase of human phagocytes is composed of membrane-bound and cytosolic proteins which, upon cell activation, assemble on the plasma membrane to form the active enzyme. Patients suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) are defective in one of the following components: p47-phox and p67-phox, residing in the cytosol of resting phagocytes, and gp91-phox and p22-phox, constituting the membrane-bound cytochrome b558. In an X-linked CGD patient we identified a novel missense mutation predicting an Asp-->Gly substitution at residue 500 of gp91-phox, associated with normal amounts of nonfunctional cytochrome b558 in the patient's neutrophils. In PMA-stimulated neutrophils and in a cell-free translocation assay with neutrophil membranes and cytosol, the association of the cytosolic proteins p47-phox and p67-phox with the membrane fraction of the patient was strongly disturbed. Furthermore, a synthetic peptide mimicking domain 491-504 of gp91-phox inhibited NADPH oxidase activity in the cell-free assay (IC50 about 10 microM), and the translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox in the cell-free translocation assay. We conclude that residue 500 of gp91-phox resides in a region critical for stable binding of p47-phox and p67-phox.
An Experiment to Improve the Motivation of Hard-Core Alcoholics.
Authors: Ronald Bayne
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966An Experiment to Improve the Motivation of Hard-Core Alcoholics.Ronald Bayne, M.D., F.A.C.P., Joseph Z. Csank, M.A., Justin Ciale, M.A.Ronald Bayne, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph Z. Csank, M.A.Search for more papers by this author, Justin Ciale, M.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1178_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Department of Veterans Affairs (Canada) has been taxed with the problem of providing care for a group of war veterans who have the following characteristics: (1) an age range from 35 to 55 years, with a history of heavy drinking averaging 20 years; (2) severe social dysfunction manifested by transiency in their relationships with others, including separation from family and friends, job instability, social misbehavior (drunkenness, disorderly conduct), jail records (10% for criminal acts); (3) health deterioration either directly related to drinking such as peripheral neuropathy, liver damage and brain damage, or indirectly related, such as pneumonia and accidental... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montreal, Quebec, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1178-1179KeywordsAlcoholicsBrain damageElectronic medical recordsLiverMotivationPeripheral neuropathyPneumoniaVeteran care Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Molecular remission induced by gemtuzumab ozogamicin associated with donor lymphocyte infusions in t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapsed after transplantation
Authors: Adriana Balduzzi, Vincenzo Rossi, Lilia Corral, Sonia Bonanomi, Daniela Longoni, Attilio Rovelli, Valentino Conter, Andrea Biondi, Cornelio Uderzo
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
UK cancer survival statistics
Authors: V. Beral, R. Peto
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Are misleading and make survival look worse than it is

In the linked article (doi:10.1136/bmj.c3620), Autier and colleagues report that (population based) breast cancer mortality rates have fallen over the past two decades in many European countries, with a greater decline in the United Kingdom than in any other large country.1 That the UK is leading Europe in the speed with which national breast cancer mortality rates are falling is in stark contrast to, and at first sight difficult to reconcile with, claims that survival after breast cancer onset is worse in the UK than elsewhere in western Europe.2 

The unpromising UK cancer survival estimates are, however, misleading. In contrast, population based mortality trends are reasonably reliable (at least in middle age, for example, people aged 35-69 years) because a death certificate is legally required before someone can be buried or cremated. Although the certified cause of death can be wrong, particularly in older people (for example, those over 70 or 80 years), in younger people errors in death certification should have relatively little effect on the assessment of breast cancer mortality trends in western Europe or North America.3

In contrast with death registration, cancer …
Studies on the frequency and pathogenesis of liver involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: L Fernandes, S Sullivan, I G McFarlane, B M Wojcicka, T W Warnes, A L Eddleston, E B Hamilton, R Williams
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

A systematic prospective survey of 100 outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis revealed that 45 had biochemical evidence of liver disease. In most cases this was due to increases in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and/or gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Examination of serum ALP isoenzyme profiles in 50 of the patients showed that the liver isoenzyme was the sole or major component in 44 patients, including many with normal total ALP levels. 18% had raised serum liver ALP together with raised GGT, suggestive of an underlying hepatobiliary lesion. No correlation could be detected between raised serum levels of liver enzymes and the age or sex of the patient, duration or severity of arthritis, and drug or alcohol history. However, there was a significant correlation between raised serum ALP and lacrimal or salivary gland dysfunction. It is suggested that immunological mechanisms may be involved in the development of hepatic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis.
O79 PROTHROMBOTIC GENETIC RISK FACTORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LIVER STIFFNESS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION: RESULTS FROM THE ROTTERDAM STUDY
Authors: E.P. Plompen, S. Darwish Murad, J.N. Schouten, B.E. Hansen, D.W. Loth, A. Hofman, A.G. Uitterlinden, B.H. Stricker, H.L. Janssen, F.W. Leebeek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Relative Value of Diagnostic Tests for Hyperparathyroidism.
Authors: L. H. Kyle, W. R. Beisel, J. J. Canary
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Relative Value of Diagnostic Tests for Hyperparathyroidism.L. H. Kyle, M.D., F.A.C.P., W. R. Beisel, J. J. Canary, M.D.L. H. Kyle, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, W. R. BeiselSearch for more papers by this author, J. J. Canary, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-676_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMeasurements of serum calcium and phosphorus, urinary calcium, and urinary phosphorus excretion were made in 36 patients with proven hyperparathyroidism, 34 adenomas, one hyperplasia, and one carcinoma. The mean values of repeated determinations were compared, both to evaluate the relative value of standard diagnostic techniques and to test the value of phosphate clearance in those patients with normal or borderline levels of calcium or phosphorus.Nearly half of the patients demonstrated levels of serum phosphorus in the normal or low normal range. Of these, phosphate clearance was clearly abnormal in ten and normal in seven, two of whom were azotemic.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 676-676KeywordsAdenomasCalciumDiagnostic techniquesExcretionHyperparathyroidismPhosphatesPhosphorus Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
CD200 is induced by ERK and is a potential therapeutic target in melanoma
Authors: Kimberly B. Petermann, Gabriela I. Rozenberg, Daniel Zedek, Pamela Groben, Karen McKinnon, Christin Buehler, William Y. Kim, Janiel M. Shields, Shannon Penland, James E. Bear, Nancy E. Thomas, Jonathan S. Serody, Norman E. Sharpless
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Immune-mediated antitumor responses occur in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM), and therapies designed to augment such responses are clinically beneficial. Despite the immunogenicity of melanoma, immunomodulatory therapies fail in the majority of patients with MM. An inability of DCs to sufficiently activate effector cells may, in part, underlie this failure of the antitumor response seen in most patients. In this work, we show that mutation of N-RAS or B-RAF, signature genetic lesions present in most MMs, potently induced the expression of cell-surface CD200, a repressor of DC function. Employing 2 independent, genome-wide microarray analyses, we identified CD200 as a highly dynamic, downstream target of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK activation in melanoma. CD200 protein was similarly overexpressed in human melanoma cell lines and primary tumors. CD200 mRNA expression correlated with progression and was higher in melanoma than in other solid tumors or acute leukemia. Melanoma cell lines expressing endogenous CD200 repressed primary T cell activation by DCs, while knockdown of CD200 by shRNA abrogated this immunosuppressive effect. These data indicate that in addition to its effects on growth, survival, and motility, ERK activation in MM attenuates a host antitumor immune response, implicating CD200 and its interaction with the CD200 receptor as a potential therapeutic target for MM.
Synthesis and expression of the fibroblast fibronectin receptor in human monocytes.
Authors: D L Brown, D R Phillips, C H Damsky, I F Charo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Human monocytes adhere to fibronectin, but the receptor (or receptors) mediating this interaction has not been clearly identified. To examine the nature of this receptor, human monocytes were obtained by counter-current elutriation and were found to adhere to immobilized fibronectin but not to vitronectin or von Willebrand factor. Antibodies and peptides were used to determine whether monocyte adherence to immobilized fibronectin was mediated by a receptor similar to that which mediates the adherence of fibroblasts to fibronectin. Antibodies against both the alpha and beta subunits of the fibroblast fibronectin receptor (VLA-5) inhibited monocyte adherence to fibronectin. These antibodies immunoprecipitated two surface proteins from monocytes that migrated at 140 and 120 kD under nonreducing conditions. Surface proteins with identical apparent molecular weights were immunoprecipitated from surface-labeled MG-63 cells, a fibroblast-like cell line. A synthetic peptide containing the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) sequence also inhibited monocyte adherence to fibronectin. cDNA hybridization experiments revealed the presence of mRNA for both the alpha and beta subunits of the fibroblast fibronectin receptor in human monocytes. We conclude that circulating monocytes express a fibronectin receptor that is structurally and functionally very similar, if not identical, to the fibronectin receptor in adherent fibroblasts, and that this receptor mediates monocyte adherence to immobilized fibronectin.
Severe exacerbation of chronic plaque psoriasis following initially effective therapy with efalizumab: clinical characterization and therapeutic management
Authors: A. Ulmer, F. Wölbing, G. Metzler, S. Schanz, G. Fierlbeck, M. Röcken
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Severe exacerbation of chronic plaque psoriasis following initially effective therapy with efalizumab: clinical characterization and therapeutic management Get access A. Ulmer, A. Ulmer Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Wölbing, F. Wölbing Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Metzler, G. Metzler Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Schanz, S. Schanz Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Fierlbeck, G. Fierlbeck Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Röcken M. Röcken Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls‐University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany E‐mail: anja.ulmer@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 4, 1 April 2008, Pages 867–869, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08455.x Published: 01 April 2008
Actinomycin C in Treatment of Advanced Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: J. R. Trounce, A. B. Wayte, J. M. Robson
Journal: BMJ (1955)

AURICULAR FIBRILLATION DRITJOS Factors which may precipitate auricular fibrillation include exercise, emotion, infection, and active carditis, but usually no cause is apparent.The onset of auricular fibrillation may pass unnoticed or be responsible for dyspnoea, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary infarction, systemic embolism, cardiac failure, loss of consciousness, or anxiety.Relative advantages of established auricular fibrillation include freedom from paroxysmal attacks, ease of control of heart rate with digitalis, and comparative free- dom from bacterial endocarditis.Persons with auricular fibrillation tend to have larger hearts than those in sinus rhythm, but reasons are given for concluding that enlargement is not directly related to the arrhythmia.Possible factors in the pathogenesis of auricular fibrillation are reviewed, and it is concluded that there is presumptive evidence that myocardial damage may be the most important.Auricular fibrillation is not a contraindication to val- vulotomy but a disadvantage from the presumed presence of myocardial damage and the increased prob- ability of clot being present, with the consequent risk of embolism.Auricular fibrillation had occurred pre-operatively in 42% of the surgical series.In' these 106 patients clot was found in the left auricle or atrium in 40%, but in only 3 of 144 patients in sinus rhythm.The presence of a regurgitant jet seems to militate against thrombus formation.Good operative results may be obtained in cases of auricular fibrillation and life thereby prolonged, but the operative risk is greater and the ultimate prognosis poorer than in cases with sinus rhythm.Post-operative auricular fibrillation occurred in 23% of those previously in sinus rhythm.In the first 10 post-operative days it is rarely possible to restore sinus rhythm with quinidine, but thereafter success is almost always obtained.Pre-operative prophylactic quinidine is ineffective.
Clinical findings in Southeast Asian refugees
Authors: M. Barry
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Since 1979, we have provided comprehensive medical care to a group of 142 Southeast Asian refugees who relocated in Connecticut. In this group, we identified clinically important issues in child development. As plotted on standard growth curves, 47% of refugee children were below the fifth percentile in height for age and 22% were below the fifth percentile in weight for height. Although these children are potentially at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems, our clinical assessment did not confirm malnutrition. We also confirm a high prevalence of intestinal parasitism (59%), positive tuberculin test results (40%), and hepatitis B antigenemia (16%), as observed previously by health authorities. We conclude that anthropometry should not replace a clinical nutritional assessment of refugee children.
Molecular biology of deregulated gene expression in transformed C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo cell lines induced by specific insoluble carcinogenic nickel compounds.
Authors: Joseph R Landolph, Anuradha Verma, Jamuna Ramnath, Farrah Clemens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In the past, exposure of workers to mixtures of soluble and insoluble nickel compounds by inhalation during nickel refining correlated with increased incidences of lung and nasal cancers. Insoluble nickel subsulfide and nickel oxide (NiO) are carcinogenic in animals by inhalation; soluble nickel sulfate is not. Particles of insoluble nickel compounds were phagocytized by C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo cells and induced morphological transformation in these cells with the following order of potency: NiO (black) > NiO (green) > nickel subsulfide. Foci induced by black/green NiO and nickel monosulfide developed into anchorage-independent transformed cell lines. Random arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction mRNA differential display showed that nine c-DNA fragments are differentially expressed between nontransformed and nickel compound-transformed 10T1/2 cell lines in 6% of total mRNA; 130 genes would be differentially expressed in 100% of the mRNA. Fragment R3-2 was a sequence in the mouse calnexin gene, fragment R3-1 a portion of the Wdr1 gene, and fragment R2-4 a portion of the ect-2 protooncogene. These three genes were overexpressed in transformed cell lines. Fragment R1-2 was 90% homologous to a fragment of the DRIP/TRAP-80 (vitamin D receptor interacting protein/thyroid hormone receptor-activating protein 80) genes and was expressed in nontransformed but not in nickel-transformed cell lines. Specific insoluble carcinogenic nickel compounds are phagocytized into 10T1/2 cells and likely generate oxygen radicals, which would cause mutations in protooncogenes, and chromosome breakage, and mutations in tumor suppressor genes, inactivating them. These compounds also induce methylation of promoters of tumor suppressor genes, inactivating them. This could lead to permanent overexpresssion of the ect-2, calnexin, and Wdr1 genes and suppression of expression of the DRIP/TRAP-80 gene that we observed, which likely contribute to induction and maintenance of transformed phenotypes.
The natural history of compensated HCV-related cirrhosis: A prospective long-term study
Authors: Eduardo Vilar Gomez, Yoan Sanchez Rodriguez, Luis Calzadilla Bertot, Ana Torres Gonzalez, Yadina Martinez Perez, Enrique Arus Soler, Ali Yasells Garcia, Luis Perez Blanco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Mast cells can promote the development of multiple features of chronic asthma in mice
Authors: M. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Bronchial asthma, the most prevalent cause of significant respiratory morbidity in the developed world, typically is a chronic disorder associated with long-term changes in the airways. We developed a mouse model of chronic asthma that results in markedly increased numbers of airway mast cells, enhanced airway responses to methacholine or antigen, chronic inflammation including infiltration with eosinophils and lymphocytes, airway epithelial goblet cell hyperplasia, enhanced expression of the mucin genes Muc5ac and Muc5b, and increased levels of lung collagen. Using mast cell-deficient (Kit(W-sh/W-sh) and/or Kit(W/W-v)) mice engrafted with FcRgamma+/+ or FcRgamma-/- mast cells, we found that mast cells were required for the full development of each of these features of the model. However, some features also were expressed, although usually at less than wild-type levels, in mice whose mast cells lacked FcRgamma and therefore could not be activated by either antigen- and IgE-dependent aggregation of Fc epsilonRI or the binding of antigen-IgG1 immune complexes to Fc gammaRIII. These findings demonstrate that mast cells can contribute to the development of multiple features of chronic asthma in mice and identify both Fc Rgamma-dependent and Fc Rgamma-independent pathways of mast cell activation as important for the expression of key features of this asthma model.
The Changing Prevalence and Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Criteria From DSM-III to DSM-IV
Authors: Rocco Crino, Tim Slade, Gavin Andrews
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: Relative to other mental disorders, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the general population is not well established. Some epidemiological surveys have determined the prevalence of DSM-III OCD, but this is one of the first reports, to the authors’ knowledge, of DSM-IV OCD’s prevalence. METHOD: Data from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being, a nationally representative epidemiological survey of mental disorders, were analyzed. The prevalence and associated characteristics of DSM-IV OCD were identified, and then the data were rescored for DSM-III OCD. Cases defined by each system were compared. RESULTS: The 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV OCD was 0.6%, considerably less than found in surveys employing DSM-III diagnostic criteria. DSM-IV OCD showed significantly higher levels of comorbidity, disability, health service use, and treatment received. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the reported prevalence and severity of OCD between DSM-III and DSM-IV cases are most likely a function of the differences in diagnostic criteria between DSM-III and DSM-IV.
Impact of Histologic Subtype on Cancer-specific Survival in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Tumor Thrombus
Authors: Derya Tilki, Hao G. Nguyen, Marc A. Dall’Era, Roberto Bertini, Joaquín A. Carballido, Thomas Chromecki, Gaetano Ciancio, Siamak Daneshmand, Paolo Gontero, Javier Gonzalez, Axel Haferkamp, Markus Hohenfellner, William C. Huang, Theresa M. Koppie, C. Adam Lorentz, Philipp Mandel, Juan I. Martinez-Salamanca, Viraj A. Master, Rayan Matloob, James M. McKiernan, Carrie M. Mlynarczyk, Francesco Montorsi, Giacomo Novara, Sascha Pahernik, Juan Palou, Raj S. Pruthi, Krishna Ramaswamy, Oscar Rodriguez Faba, Paul Russo, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Martin Spahn, Carlo Terrone, Daniel Vergho, Eric M. Wallen, Evanguelos Xylinas, Richard Zigeuner, John A. Libertino, Christopher P. Evans
Journal: European Urology (2013)
The Coronary Circulation in Health and Disease
Authors: Peter T. Kuo
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Well-designed laboratory and clinical research using modern technology has greatly promoted our understanding of coronary circulation in health and disease. Dr Marvin L. Marcus and his associates are credited with valuable contributions to this surge of new knowledge in coronary circulation. In<i>The Coronary Circulation in Health and Disease</i>, Dr Marcus has masterfully compiled a comprehensive and richly informative presentation of the current state of knowledge of this important subject. The author's primary emphasis is on pathophysiological mechanisms through which a variety of diseases can alter the normal blood supply and metabolism of the myocardium. To this end, he devotes several chapters to detailed information on anatomy of the coronary vasculature, coronary blood flow measurements, and metabolic, neural, myogenic, and hormonal regulation of coronary circulation. From there, the author proceeds to discuss the effects of coronary artery spasm, stenosis, and occlusion, myocardial hypertrophy, and other rarer forms of disease on