tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LECTURES ON GENERAL ETIOLOGY.Delivered at the Chicago Medical College.
Authors: H. GRADLE
Journal: JAMA (1892)

LECTURE III. The knowledge that a given disease is of parasitic origin is but a part of its etiological study. We must complete our information by learning the mode of dissemination and transfer of the parasite, and by examining all condition and factors, which bear on the possibility of infection. Let us, in the first place, trace the; distribution of microbes from the infected patient to others. The simplest problems we will meet in the case of venereal diseases. Gonorrhœa and genital chancres are always the result of direct contact with other infected individuals. But chancres on other parts of the body have often been transferred through media, such as pipes, tools held in the mouth, unclean surgical instruments or tatooing needles. The syphilitic virus can evidently retain its vitality for hours, or possibly a few days while clinging to objects outside of the body. The possibility of the mediate
Communicating Data About the Benefits and Harms of Treatment
Authors: Steven Woloshin, Lisa M. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Background: Despite limited evidence, it is often asserted that natural frequencies (for example, 2 in 1000) are the best way to communicate absolute risks. Objective: To compare comprehension of treatment benefit and harm when absolute risks are presented as natural frequencies, percents, or both. Design: Parallel-group randomized trial with central allocation and masking of investigators to group assignment, conducted through an Internet survey in September 2009. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00950014) Setting: National sample of U.S. adults randomly selected from a professional survey firm's research panel of about 30 000 households. Participants: 2944 adults aged 18 years or older (all with complete follow-up). Intervention: Tables presenting absolute risks in 1 of 5 numeric formats: natural frequency (x in 1000), variable frequency (x in 100, x in 1000, or x in 10 000, as needed to keep the numerator >1), percent, percent plus natural frequency, or percent plus variable frequency. Measurements: Comprehension as assessed by 18 questions (primary outcome) and judgment of treatment benefit and harm. Results: The average number of comprehension questions answered correctly was lowest in the variable frequency group and highest in the percent group (13.1 vs. 13.8; difference, 0.7 [95% CI, 0.3 to 1.1]). The proportion of participants who "passed" the comprehension test (≥13 correct answers) was lowest in the natural and variable frequency groups and highest in the percent group (68% vs. 73%; difference, 5 percentage points [CI, 0 to 10 percentage points]). The largest format effect was seen for the 2 questions about absolute differences: the proportion correct in the natural frequency versus percent groups was 43% versus 72% (P < 0.001) and 73% versus 87% (P < 0.001). Limitation: Even when data were presented in the percent format, one third of participants failed the comprehension test. Conclusion: Natural frequencies are not the best format for communicating the absolute benefits and harms of treatment. The more succinct percent format resulted in better comprehension: Comprehension was slightly better overall and notably better for absolute differences. Primary Funding Source: Attorney General Consumer and Prescriber Education grant program, the Robert Wood Johnson Pioneer Program, and the National Cancer Institute.
What Price Better Health: Hazards of the Research Imperative
Authors: J. Kimmelman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Negative remodeling frequently occurs in mildly stenotic native coronary lesions and is unrelated to plaque size
Authors: Paul Schoenhagen, William A. Magyar, Samir R. Kapadia, Khalid M. Ziada, Hiroshi Tsutsui, Showkat A. Haji, Jon Klingensmith, Steven E. Nissen, Murat E. Tuzcu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
901-21 Percutaneous Vascular Surgery: Suture Mediated Percutaneous Closure of Femoral Artery Access Site Following Coronary Intervention
Authors: James W. Vetter, Tomoaki Hinohara, Expedito E. Ribeiro, S. Chiu Wong, Martin B. Leon, Joseph P. Carrozza, Donald S. Baim, Patrick W. Serruys, Peter De Jaegere, Jean Fajadet, Jean Marco, John B. Simpson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
64 EXPRESSION OF BILIARY CELL CYTOKERATIN BY HEPATOCYTES IN NON TUMORAL LIVER BIOPSY IS RELATED TO SUBSEQUENT HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA OCCURRENCE IN HCV RELATED CIRRHOSIS
Authors: G. N'Kontchou, J.-C. Nault, M. Aout, N. Barget, M. Tepper, C. Cichon, E. Vicaut, J.-C. Trinchet, M. Beaugrand, M. Ziol
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Pseudoaneurysm of the Profunda Femoris Artery Diagnosed on Angiographic Phase of Bone Scan
Authors: THOMAS A. POWERS, JAY A. HAROLDS, SAADOON KADIR, R BARRY GROVE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A case of post-traumatic aneurysm of the profunda femoris artery following self-administration of an intramuscular injection is reported. The diagnosis was made prior to contrast arteriography on the basis of a radionuclide angiogram performed as part of a bone scan. Additional confirmation was obtained by ultrasound examination.
Evidence against a role of physiological concentrations of estrogen in post-myocardial infarction remodeling
Authors: Stephanie Hügel, Martin Reincke, Hinrik Strömer, Johannes Winning, Michael Horn, Charlotte Dienesch, Patricia Mora, Harald H.H.W. Schmidt, Bruno Allolio, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Need to Assess Readability off Written Materials for Diabetes Education Curricula
Authors: Linda M Siminerio, Michael Frith
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires the active participation of patients in daily self-care for them to maintain control over their metabolism. Education about diabetes has become accepted as an integral part of care for the person with diabetes (1). Several groups (2–5) demonstrated the positive effects of diabetes education by documenting reduced hospitalizations for acute complications of diabetes or improvement in measures of metabolic control, for example, fasting blood glucose, GHb, and blood pressure. Although these reports demonstrate the benefits of some diabetes education programs, many other diabetes education programs have not achieved such favorable results. For instance, Miller et al. (6) found that 45% of patients who had attended diabetes education programs failed all aspects of an evaluation; of those without any training, 67% failed. Whitehouse et al. (7) reviewed medical records of 178 patients who attended an outpatient follow-up program. These patients did not experience a lower incidence of ketoacidosis, foot infections, or hypoglycemia—conditions usually considered closely related to poor self-care. Korhonen et al. (8) found a highly significant improvement of metabolic control in IDDM patients immediately after intensive education; however, a similar change also occurred in the control group. In a more recent study by Bloomgarden et al. (9) in 1987, patient education improved knowledge, but did not appear to offer a benefit in overall glycemic control.
Scotland introduces record of ethnicity on death certificates
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Scotland has become the first UK country—and one of the first in the world—to record ethnic origin on death certificates. The data will be used to learn more about important health differences between different groups.

The change to death certification was introduced by the registrar general for Scotland this month and will mean that anyone registering a death will be asked whether they are willing to provide the information. It is entirely voluntary. Those involved will be told that the information will be used by the NHS for research purposes only and …
Further Observations on the Treatment of Paget's Disease of Bone with Mithramycin.
Authors: Will G. Ryan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Further Observations on the Treatment of Paget's Disease of Bone with Mithramycin.Will G. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P., Theodore B. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P., Gretajo Northrop, M.D.Will G. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Theodore B. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Gretajo Northrop, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-824_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptExperience to date of mithramycin treatment for fifty-five patients with Paget's disease of bone has proved it to be an effective form of therapy. Consistently immediate and dramatic suppression of disease activity is objectively shown by dramatic reductions in serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline values and by subjective relief of pain within days. One patient has demonstrated dramatic relief from spinal cord compression with marked weakness of the lower extremities, literally "having taken up his bed and walked." One patient has shown apparent complete remission of disease activity both symptomatically and objectively for over 2½ years. More than ten... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Ill. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 824-824KeywordsBonePatientsPhosphatasesSpinal cord Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prospective Assessment of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Using 3-T Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Biopsies Versus a Systematic 10-Core Transrectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy Cohort
Authors: Thomas Hambrock, Caroline Hoeks, Christina Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, Tom Scheenen, Jurgen Fütterer, Stefan Bouwense, Inge van Oort, Fritz Schröder, Henkjan Huisman, Jelle Barentsz
Journal: European Urology (2011)
A noisy teenager
Authors: S. W Turner
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A 13 year old boy was referred for evaluation of his troublesome asthma symptoms. He had a six month history of episodic acute dyspnoea on minimal exertion—for example, climbing stairs. Between episodes he could exercise maximally without difficulty. Dyspnoea was accompanied by a loud inspiratory noise, described as “wheeze” but not cough. The episodes occurred only at school, lasted for five to 10 minutes, and resolved completely.

He was diagnosed with asthma when he was 2 years old because of nocturnal cough, and he had been treated with inhaled steroids until recently. His father reported that his son’s pulse raced in the morning. On examination he was well. His height and weight both lay on the 75th centile. He had no stigmata of chronic lung disease, such as fingernail clubbing or chest wall deformity. He had a hoarse voice.

The results of chest radiography and pulmonary function testing were normal. Electrocardiography showed a sinus tachycardia of 120 beats per minute. A diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction was made and the boy was referred for speech therapy.

One month later he developed nausea and vomiting, and was noted …
The increased number of epithelial mast cells in nasal polyps and adjacent turbinates is not allergy‐dependent
Authors: J. Ruhno, K. Howie, M. Anderson, B. Andersson, M. Vanzieleghem, D. Hitch, P. Lapp, J. Denburg, J. Dolovich
Journal: Allergy (1990)

Respiratory epithelial mast cells are an expression of airway inflammatory processes. Nasal epithelial mast cells are known to be increased m allergic rhinitis and have now been examined in patients with nasal polyps. Metachromatic cell counts (mean ± standard error) expressed as the sum of large mast cells, atypical mast cells and basophils in epithelial scrapings of the inferior turbinates, assessed after Carnoy's fixation and toluidine blue staining (pH 0.5), were 37.5±29 in non‐allergic normal control subjects ( n = 11), 435±130 in polyp patients who were allergic ( n = 18), and 699±267 in polyp patients who were not allergic (n = 8). Metachromatic cell counts in epithelial scrapings obtained in vivo from nasal polyps of allergic patients ( n = 8) were 1769±962, and 2308±1544 from polyps of non‐allergic patients (n = 5); metachromatic counts were 2089±633 in epithelial scrapings from excised polyps of allergic patients ( n = 14) and 2214±640 from polyps of non‐allergic patients ( n = 13). It is concluded that the number of metachromatic cells in the epithelium of nasal polyps and the adjacent nasal mucosa is elevated compared with normal nasal epithelium and the increased number does not depend upon allergy.
Thein vitro production of antibodies to mitochondrial antigens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Mark I. Avigan, Gregory Adamson, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Anthony E. Jones
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 7 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and 7 healthy control subjects were studied for their ability to produce antibodies to mitochondrial antigens in vitro. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected by lymphapheresis and cultured with or without pokeweed mitogen for 10 days. The culture supernatants were then tested for antibodies to mitochondrial antigens by both immunofluorescence microscopy and a microtiter ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 5 of 7 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis but from none of the healthy controls produced antibodies to mitochondrial antigens spontaneously (without pokeweed mitogen stimulation). In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 6 of 7 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and from 6 of 7 control subjects synthesized detectable levels of antibodies to mitochondrial antigens after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen. In general, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the primary biliary cirrhosis patients produced higher titers of antibodies to mitochondrial antigens in culture than cells from healthy controls. Furthermore, the antibodies to mitochondrial antigens reactivity produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of primary biliary cirrhosis patients exhibited a specificity for the M2 mitochondrial antigen which is present on the inner membrane of mitochondrial cristae and which is closely associated with a mitochondrial ATPase activity. In contrast, the antibodies to mitochondrial antigens reactivity produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy controls appeared to be directed at a broader range of mitochondrial antigens. These findings indicate that, inpatients with primary biliary cirrhosis, there is a marked expansion of B lymphocyte clones that produce an antibody to a specific mitochondrial antigen.
Adenocarcinoma of Cervix in a Primigravida Aged 18
Authors: C. J. B. Orr, P. R. B. Pedlow
Journal: BMJ (1961)

EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSABrunsH 1511Cases in a Family A girl aged 2-was first brought to hospital with scabies, the child being carried despite her age.Inquiry showed that bullae had been present on her feet each summer since birth.The severity was such that she could not get out of the upstairs flat for four to five months each summer unless she was carried.Her younger brother, aged 1, was already affected.Her mother was affected, as were the maternal grandmother, great-grandmother, and great-great-grandmother.The condition was so obviously inherited from the mother's family that the father (who claimed not to have known about it before marriage) was annoyed to the extent of threatening to leave the house and family.There was no other abnormality present, the hair, nails, and teeth all being normal.The full family tree is shown.IV Iv
AN APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS GASTRIC OR DUODENAL LAVAGE
Authors: Robertson Ward
Journal: JAMA (1925)

As an adjunct to the treatment of general peritonitis, postoperative ileus, intestinal obstruction and acute gastric dilatation, the use of transduodenal lavage and continuous drainage of the upper gastro-intestinal tract has been highly recommended by Matas, Bassler and others. For this purpose the Jutte tube, passed through the nose, is effective and may be left in place for many days without marked discomfort to the patient. In the treatment of this type of case we have made the following modifications and found them highly effective. Dakin's tube may be obtained and cut to any desired length. Two or three small lead pellets are placed in the end for a weight, and black silk is firmly tied below and above. The tube is now perforated with a Dakin tube punch, or small holes are snipped out with the scissors for a distance of 6 cm. from the end containing the shot.
Excessive Colon Activity from Antidiarrheal Medication Causing False-Positive In-111 Octreotide Studies
Authors: AHMED M. MOHAMMED, G. M. SHAH SYED, ABDELMONEIM OMAR, B. DAVID COLLIER, ABDELHAMID H. ELGAZZAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

MOHAMMED, AHMED M. C.N.M.T.; SHAH SYED, G. M. M.D.; OMAR, ABDELMONEIM M.D.; COLLIER, B. DAVID M.D.; H. ELGAZZAR, ABDELHAMID M.D. Author Information
Clinical Study of the Effects of Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Stimulation After Cardiomyoplasty
Authors: Albert Alain Hagège, Michel Desnos, Francisco Fernandez, Bruno Besse, Nikolaı̈ Mirochnik, Monica Castaldo, Juan Carlos Chachques, Alain Carpentier, Claude Guérot
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Beneficial hemodynamic effects after dynamic cardiomyoplasty have been inconsistently demonstrated, and the effects seen may be due to the wrap itself, to flap stimulation, or both. The aim of this study was to determine whether flap stimulation per se acts as a systolic active process after cardiomyoplasty.Catheterizations were performed in 13 patients 14.4 +/- 7 months after cardiomyoplasty. New York Heart Association functional class decreased from 3.3 to 2.1 after the procedure (P = .0005). Hemodynamic evaluations were first performed with the stimulator on in the 2:1 mode and then after the stimulator had been off for at least 24 hours. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction increased from 25.1 +/- 6% before surgery to 28.2 +/- 6.7% with the stimulator on after cardiomyoplasty (P = .04). When stimulation was stopped, there was no change (P > .05) in indexes of systolic or diastolic LV function (peak systolic LV pressure, LV ejection fraction, peak positive dP/dt, peak negative dP/dt, or tau). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index were unchanged when stimulated and nonstimulated settings were compared (P > .05). However, a remarkable heterogeneity of individual responses was observed. Ejection fraction and cardiac index decreased with the stimulator off in 3 patients, but peak positive dP/dt decreased in 6 patients; diastolic function deteriorated in 2 patients, but a slight improvement was noted in 3 patients. Cardiothoracic ratio, echocardiographic LV end-diastolic dimension, and fractional shortening remained unchanged between immediate (< 1 month) and long-term (36.7 +/- 25.9 months) postoperative evaluations.In the majority of our patients, there was no short-term hemodynamic benefit of flap stimulation; therefore, we conclude that the efficacy of cardiomyoplasty may be a consequence of a passive "girdling effect," which limits the progression of ventricular enlargement and further deterioration of ejection fraction.
A pilot trial of recombinant desulfatohirudin compared with heparin in conjunction with tissue-type plasminogen activator and aspirin for acute myocardial infarction: Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 5 trial
Authors: Christopher P. Cannon, Carolyn H. McCabe, Timothy D. Henry, Marc J. Schweiger, Robert S. Gibson, Hiltrud S. Mueller, Richard C. Becker, Neal S. Kleiman, J.Mark Haugland, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Barry L. Sharaf, Susan J. Edwards, William J. Rogers, David O. Williams, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Effects of 60-day bed rest with and without exercise on cellular and humoral immunological parameters
Authors: Paula Hoff, Daniel L Belavý, Dörte Huscher, Annemarie Lang, Martin Hahne, Anne-Kathrin Kuhlmey, Patrick Maschmeyer, Gabriele Armbrecht, Rudolf Fitzner, Frank H Perschel, Timo Gaber, Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester, Rainer H Straub, Dieter Felsenberg, Frank Buttgereit
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)
Etiologic Mechanism Questioned
Authors: LUDMIL Chotkowski
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have read the recent article by Milton L. Levine, MD, entitled "Cimetidine-Induced Coma in Cirrhosis of the Liver" (240:1238, 1978), and I am somewhat surprised by such tenuous speculation. The article actually concludes that cimetidine may be the cause of hepatic coma in patients with liver cirrhosis simply because coma developed in a patient with a bleeding ulcer when given three doses of cimetidine. It is common knowledge that some patients with cirrhosis who bleed will have development of hepatic coma. This patient had cirrhosis of the liver, bled 7 g of hemoglobin acutely into the gut, had an elevated serum ammonia level, and had typical hepatic coma. Many physicians skim only the title of an article, and many such readers will unfortunately be left with the impression that cimetidine causes hepatic coma. This could certainly be far from the truth and an unproved and unfair
New Concepts of the Physiology of the Carotid Sinus Reflex
Authors: Beatrice Selvin
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The carotid sinus reflex is a common occurrence during surgery of the neck. In the present study of 600 patients this reflex occurred most often in hypertensive men over 50 years of age. The most common reflex response was hypotension and bradycardia. However, 4 other patterns of cardiovascular response were observed. There was no relationship between the occurrence of the reflex and the administration of rauwolfia, tranquilizers, preoperative medication, or anesthetic agents. Response to therapy with procaine and atropine indicated that sympathetic cholinergic fibers were important in mediation of this reflex.
A novel skeletal drug delivery system using self-setting bioactive glass bone cement. III: the in vitro drug release from bone cement containing indomethacin and its physicochemical properties
Authors: Makoto Otsuka, Yoshihisa Matsuda, Tadashi Kokubo, Satoru Yoshihara, Takashi Nakamura, Takao Yamamuro
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1994)
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in the Bantu
Authors: M. DOGLIOTTI, C. B. BENTLEY-PHILLIPS, A. SCHMAMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Four cases of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus are described. This condition has hitherto been regarded as very rare in the pure-blooded African, and these cases are believed to be the first described amongst the African Bantu population.