tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of 131I in a Patient With Thyroid Cancer by Internal Radiation Exposure Screening Using a Whole-Body Counter in Fukushima
Authors: Masaharu Tsubokura, Shuhei Nomura, Takeaki Ishii, Masahiro Kami, Shigeaki Kato
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

We have been performing a systematic screening using a whole-body counter of internal radiation exposure in the affected areas by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear incident. This case suggests 2 important points regarding the thyroid internal exposure screening immediately after a nuclear disaster. First, clinicians should recognize the possibility of overestimation of I exposure during the initial checkups of thyroid internal exposure if a detailed history of treatment by radioisotopes is not obtained. Second, in vivo measurements should be taken immediately after the disaster because all of the radioactive iodine generated after the disaster disappears within a few months.
Review of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Breast Cancer: Should MRI Be Performed on All Women with Newly Diagnosed, Early Stage Breast Cancer?
Authors: N. Houssami, D. F. Hayes
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2009)

Randomized controlled trials have shown equivalent survival for women with early stage breast cancer who are treated with breast-conservation therapy (local excision and radiotherapy) or mastectomy.Decades of experience have demonstrated that breast-conservation therapy provides excellent local control based on defined standards of care.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced in preoperative staging of the affected breast in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer because it detects additional foci of cancer that are occult on conventional imaging.The median incremental (additional) detection for MRI has been estimated as 16% in metaanalysis.In the absence of consensus on the role of preoperative MRI, we review data on its detection capability and its impact on treatment.We outline that the assumptions behind the adoption of MRI, namely that it will improve surgical planning and will lead to a reduction in re-excision surgery and in local recurrences, have not been substantiated by trials.Evidence consistently shows that MRI changes surgical management, usually from breast conservation to more radical surgery; however, there is no evidence that it improves surgical care or prognosis.Emerging data indicate that MRI does not reduce re-excision rates and that it causes false positives in terms of detection and unnecessary surgery; overall there is little high-quality evidence at present to support the routine use of preoperative MRI.Randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the clinical, psychosocial, and long-term effects of MRI and to show a related change in treatment from standard care in women newly affected by breast cancer.CA
Serum IgE-targeted elimination diets for treating eosinophilic esophagitis: things are not what they seem
Authors: A. J. Lucendo, Á. Arias, J. M. Tenías, J. Rodriguez-Sanchez, E. Gomez-Torrijos, F. Feo-Brito, J. Molina-Infante
Journal: Allergy (2014)
SUDDEN DEATH FOLLOWING THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF BISMUTH TARTRATE
Authors: Stephen H. Curtis
Journal: JAMA (1930)

As most of the reports in the literature on the use of bismuth in the treatment of syphilis are favorable, I thought that it might be of interest to report the unfavorable result obtained in this case. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> W. H., aged 35, a mechanic, married, the father of three children, consulted me first in April, 1928, complaining of severe occipital headaches which had been persistent for five years and were relieved temporarily only by taking large quantities of acetanilid preparations. Associated with this was a marked loss of ambition and feeling of languor. His personal history, prior to the onset of the headaches, was negative. He stated that he had not had venereal infection, although at a later date he admitted the occurrence of a chancre twenty years previously. The patient was rather tall, was somewhat emaciated, and had sparse gray hair. His appearance was that of a
Shortening fraction: its dependence on the Starling mechanism
Authors: A. R MATTIAZZI, H. E CINGOLANI, H. MONTENEGRO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

The influence of increasing muscle length (ML) from L0 to 15 to 20% of L0 and calcium concentration (Ca2+) from 1.34 to 10 mmol . litre-1 on shortening fraction has been analysed in cat papillary muscles. Shortening fraction was calculated by dividing the amount of shortening by the muscle length at which that shortening occurred. When the muscle shortened at contrast total load, increasing muscle length from approximately or equal to L0 to approximately or equal to 15% above L0, increased the shortening fraction from 0.2 +/- 0.1% to 7.1 +/- 0.7% (P less than 0.01) and from 1.0 +/- 0.5% to 12.2 +/- 0.5% (P less than 0.01) at low and high (Ca2+) respectively. The highest shortening fraction values obtained (7 and 12%) correspond to calculated ejection fraction values of 20 and 32% respectively. At a given muscle length, increasing (Ca2+) significantly increased the shortening fraction (P less than 0.01). At constant afterload the shortening fraction increased from 3.5 +/- 1% to 9.1 +/- 1.9% when the muscle length changed from approximately or equal to 5% to approximately or equal to 20% above L0 and from 3,3 +/- 1.6% to 14.3 +/- 0.7% when the muscle was stretched from L0 to approximately or equal to 20% above L0 at low and high calcium respectively. Shortening fraction values of 9 and 14% correspond to calculated ejection fraction values of 25 and 37% respectively. The results indicate that the shortening fraction is altered not only by changes in cardiac contractility but also by the Starling mechanism.
Pathologic Findings in a Case of Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Alex M. Saunders
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In the transplanted heart there was a plasma cell infiltrate, not present on the recipient side. No significant myocardial necrosis or vascular damage was noted except in the extensive fungus-infected areas. Fungus and thrombus filled the lateral descending branch of the right coronary artery. There was fungus in three brain lesions and in the lung. Alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and bronchopneumonia were present. Other severe conditions included abdominal and gastrointestinal hemorrhage, absence of wound healing at all incisions, centrilobular liver necrosis with regeneration, extrahepatic biliary obstruction by blood clot, tubular necrosis of kidneys with regeneration, renal infarcts related to mural thrombi in the resected heart, and acute pancreatitis. Lymph nodes were depleted of lymphocytes. Prostatic hyperplasia and invasion of jejunal and colonic wall by Trichomonas hominis were incidental findings.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome.
Authors: Kaan Boztug, Ricardo A. Dewey, Ines Avedillo Diez, Schmidt Manfred, Schwarzwaelder Kerstin, Diestelhorst Jana, Naundorf Sonja, Kuehlke Klaus, Kondratenko Irina, Marodi Laszlo, Christof von Kalle, Karl Welte, Christoph Klein
Journal: Blood (2007)
Corrigendum to: The RyR2 central domain peptide DPc10 lowers the threshold for spontaneous Ca2+ release in permeabilized cardiomyocytes [Cardiovascular Research 70 (2006) 475–485]
Authors: Z YANG, N IKEMOTO, G LAMB, D STEELE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

In the above publication the following Acknowledgement is missing:

The authors acknowledge …
Incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in the tropics.
Authors: K B Orr
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The author's experience in Vietnam in 1968 indicates a low incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and coronary thrombosis as postoperative complications. Australian surgeons in Vietnam confirm these findings. The role of diet and/or nutrition is discounted since both of these in Vietnam are similar to Queensland, Australia, where postoperative deep vein complications have occurred at a rate similar to those in Britain and the U.S. It is hypothesized that climate in tropical areas may retard these types of postoperative complications. Further investigations will be necessary.
Somatic activating ARAF mutations in Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: David S. Nelson, Willemijn Quispel, Gayane Badalian-Very, Astrid G. S. van Halteren, Cor van den Bos, Judith V. M. G. Bovée, Sara Y. Tian, Paul Van Hummelen, Matthew Ducar, Laura E. MacConaill, R. Maarten Egeler, Barrett J. Rollins
Journal: Blood (2014)
Ancient Lineages of Non-LTR Retrotransposons in the Primitive Eukaryote, Giardia lamblia
Authors: William D. Burke, Harmit S. Malik, Stephen M. Rich, Thomas H. Eickbush
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

Mobile elements that use reverse transcriptase to make new copies of themselves are found in all major lineages of eukaryotes. The non–long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons have been suggested to be the oldest of these eukaryotic elements. Phylogenetic analysis of non-LTR elements suggests that they have predominantly undergone vertical transmission, as opposed to the frequent horizontal transmissions found for other mobile elements. One prediction of this vertical model of inheritance is that the oldest lineages of eukaryotes should exclusively harbor the oldest lineages of non-LTR retrotransposons. Here we characterize the non-LTR retrotransposons present in one of the most primitive eukaryotes, the diplomonad Giardia lamblia. Two families of elements were detected in the WB isolate of G. lamblia currently being used for the genome sequencing project. These elements are clearly distinct from all other previously described non-LTR lineages. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these Genie elements (for Giardia early non-LTR insertion element) are among the oldest known lineages of non-LTR elements consistent with strict vertical descent. Genie elements encode a single open reading frame with a carboxyl terminal endonuclease domain. Genie 1 is site specific, as seven to eight copies are present in a single tandem array of a 771-bp repeat near the telomere of one chromosome. The function of this repeat is not known. One additional, highly divergent, element within the Genie 1 lineage is not located in this tandem array but is near a second telomere. Four different telomere addition sites could be identified within or near the Genie elements on each of these chromosomes. The second lineage of non-LTR elements, Genie 2, is composed of about 10 degenerate copies. Genie 2 elements do not appear to be site specific in their insertion. An unusual aspect of Genie 2 is that all copies contain inverted repeats up to 172 bp in length.
A Comparison Of Components of Two Definitions of the Metabolic Syndrome Related to Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in a Cohort Study in Thailand
Authors: Supachai Tanomsup, Wichai Aekplakorn, Piyamitr Sritara, Mark Woodward, Sukit Yamwong, Supoch Tunlayadechanont, Aninthita Tatsaneeyapan, Stephen Lim, Rajata Rajatanavin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The metabolic syndrome, a clustering of metabolic risk factors, has been reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1). Questions have been raised about which components of the metabolic syndrome are more strongly associated with CVD (2), whether other combinations of the components have stronger associations (3), and the role of waist circumference in the definition of metabolic syndrome in Asian populations (4), where obesity is typically less common than in the West. We address these questions using data from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) Study.

Details of the EGAT study have been reported elsewhere (5,6). Briefly, a total of 3,499 employees (2,702 men) aged 35–54 years were surveyed in 1985; blood samples were obtained after a 12-h overnight fast. The current analysis is limited to 2,545 men and 671 women with complete baseline data on metabolic and anthropometric measurements and for whom outcomes were available. No subjects had a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke at entry.

According to the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III (7), the metabolic syndrome is present if an individual has three or more of the following: high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, high blood …
We must not forget the benefits of these devices
Authors: J. Carthey
Journal: BMJ (2012)

I have congenital acetabular dysplasia of the left hip and had three unsuccessful operations before having a hip resurfacing procedure.

I read the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency alert and Cohen’s article from two perspectives—as a patient who is unsure whether my implant is covered by the alert, and as a human factors specialist who works to understand …
The Medical Interview: Mastering Skills for Clinical Practice
Authors: Robert E. Rakel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 March 1998The Medical Interview: Mastering Skills for Clinical PracticeRobert E. Rakel, MDRobert E. Rakel, MDBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-6-199803150-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail 3rd edition. Coulehan JL, Block MR. Philadelphia: FA Davis; 1997. 287 pages. $28.95. ISBN 0803602677. Order phone 800-323-3555.Field of medicine: General medicine.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Housestaff, medical students, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, students in allied health sciences, and some medical residents.Purpose: To provide a guide for those just learning to take a medical history and interact with patients.Content: The book is divided into two major sections. The first is made up of seven chapters on basic interviewing skills, the fundamentals of clinical interviewing, and the components of the medical history. The second is composed of eight ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1998Volume 128, Issue 6Page: 512KeywordsGeriatric careMedical educationNurses ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
CHALLENGES IN THE TREATMENT OF NSTEMI PATIENTS AT HIGH RISK FOR BOTH ISCHEMIC AND BLEEDING EVENTS: INSIGHTS FROM THE ACTION REGISTRY-GWTG
Authors: Nihar Desai, Anita Y. Chen, Stephen D. Wiviott, Marc S. Sabatine, Karen P. Alexander, Matthew T. Roe, Eric D. Peterson, Bimal R. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Bone Marrow of Patients with Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Bruce Baranski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Study Objective: To determine whether Epstein-Barr virus is present in the bone marrow of patients with aplastic anemia. Design: Assay of fresh and fixed bone marrow specimens for Epstein-Barr virus using immunofluorescence for nuclear antigen, Southern analysis with an Epstein-Barr virus specific probe, and in-situ hybridization. Setting: Governmental medical referral center. Patients: Five patients were studied prospectively: three who previously had infectious mononucleosis, one with a recent viral pneumonitis, and one who was asymptomatic. Stored DNA samples from other patients with aplastic anemia were also screened. Measurements and Main Results: Epstein-Barr virus DNA and protein were detected in the bone marrow of 5 patients studied prospectively and in 1 of 40 patients studied retrospectively. As estimated by in-situ hybridization, about 3% to 5% of marrow cells were infected with virus in those patients who had not received acyclovir. In contrast, Epstein-Barr virus DNA was not detected in peripheral blood DNA of these patients, nor were Epstein-Barr virus proteins or DNA found in the bone marrow of normal donors, patients with other hematologic diseases, or in 1 patient with acute infectious mononucleosis. Analysis of DNA fragments by hybridization with Epstein-Barr virus probes showed a pattern dissimilar to the type of Epstein-Barr virus usually associated with infectious mononucleosis. Conclusions: Aplastic anemia may be associated with Epstein-Barr virus more commonly than suspected by history. Localization of the virus in the bone marrow supports a causative role for Epstein-Barr virus in bone marrow failure.
Clinical Forensic Medicine
Authors: Jason Payne-James
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We read with interest Dr Uva's<sup>1</sup>Resident Forum article concerning clinical forensic medicine. While reinforcing her comments concerning the need for proper assessment of survivors of violence, we feel it is necessary to emphasize that clinical forensic medicine should not be solely defined, as in her article, as "the application of forensic medical techniques to the survivors of violence." Clinical forensic medicine may relate to any area in which medicine, law enforcement, and the judiciary come into contact. The Association of Police Surgeons in the United Kingdom, originally established in 1951, is the largest body undertaking such work, representing approximately 1000 clinicians, and clinical forensic medicine has its own section within the Royal Society of Medicine. Within the United Kingdom there are an increasing number of specialist forensic physicians devoting all or a substantial part of their clinical workload to forensic medicine. They are self-employed, independent,
Sterile Needles: Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Diabetic Intravenous Drug Users-Reply
Authors: Kenrad E. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —We thank Dr Fernando for his observations and comments concerning our study, in which we found a significantly lower prevalence of HIV infection among diabetic (9.8%) than non-diabetic (24.3%) IVDUs in Baltimore, Md. There was only one plausible explanation for the substantially lower rate of HIV infection among diabetic IVDUs in our study, namely, that the diabetics more regularly used sterile drug injection equipment. Safer injection practices among diabetics are possible precisely because they are not likely to be prosecuted for violation of  laws for possession of drug injection equipment. As pointed out by Dr Fernando, the possession of drug injection paraphernalia is now a criminal offense nearly everywhere in the United States.  We agree that the use of contaminated injection equipment by drug users is usually not an act of cultural solidarity but rather a behavioral strategy to avoid arrest and imprisonment, while suffering from drug
Cimetidine-Resistant Gastric Acid Secretion in Humans
Authors: BARRY KISLOFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

A 63-year-old white man presented with highly aggressive peptic ulcer disease that was nongastrinoma in cause, intensive medical therapy, which included intravenous Cimetidine, failed to ameliorate the course of the disease. The patient's gastric acid output was entirely uninfluenced by Cimetidine administration with demonstrably adequate blood levels of the drug. This is the first reported case of gastric acid secretion resistant to an H-2 receptor antagonist in a clinical, rather than experimental, setting. Other instances of resistance to the acid-reducing properties of this class of drugs may account for some of the treatment failures encountered in clinical trials.
Fundholding: from solution to problem
Authors: S Iliffe, U Freudenstein
Journal: BMJ (1994)

General practice fundholding has become a policy problem for the NHS. Hailed as a success only a few months into its operation,1 it now seems dogged by limited advantages, high costs, and unintended consequences.

So far the only demonstrable advantage to fundholders has been a reduction in prescribing costs.2,3 This is an eccentric achievement in a country whose prescribing costs historically have been among the lowest in western Europe.4 It tells us nothing about either the quality of care, which may decline as costs are cut, or the long term economic costs of short term savings on prescribing, which may be appreciable.5

The economic costs of fundholding are considerable and include both open costs (such as management fees, subsidies for computerisation, and the administrative costs of billing and reviewing contracts) and hidden costs (such as costs for staff in family health services authorities, hospitals, and the Audit Commission). The political costs may be equally important …
Noninvasive In Vivo Human Coronary Artery Lumen and Wall Imaging Using Black-Blood Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Zahi A. Fayad, Valentin Fuster, John T. Fallon, Timothy Jayasundera, Stephen G. Worthley, Gerard Helft, J. Gilberto Aguinaldo, Juan J. Badimon, Samin K. Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —High-resolution MRI has the potential to noninvasively image the human coronary artery wall and define the degree and nature of coronary artery disease. Coronary artery imaging by MR has been limited by artifacts related to blood flow and motion and by low spatial resolution. Methods and Results —We used a noninvasive black-blood (BB) MRI (BB-MR) method, free of motion and blood-flow artifacts, for high-resolution (down to 0.46 mm in-plane resolution and 3-mm slice thickness) imaging of the coronary artery lumen and wall. In vivo BB-MR of both normal and atherosclerotic human coronary arteries was performed in 13 subjects: 8 normal subjects and 5 patients with coronary artery disease. The average coronary wall thickness for each cross-sectional image was 0.75±0.17 mm (range, 0.55 to 1.0 mm) in the normal subjects. MR images of coronary arteries in patients with ≥40% stenosis as assessed by x-ray angiography showed localized wall thickness of 4.38±0.71 mm (range, 3.30 to 5.73 mm). The difference in maximum wall thickness between the normal subjects and patients was statistically significant ( P &lt;0.0001). Conclusions —In vivo high-spatial-resolution BB-MR provides a unique new method to noninvasively image and assess the morphological features of human coronary arteries. This may allow the identification of atherosclerotic disease before it is symptomatic. Further studies are necessary to identify the different plaque components and to assess lesions in asymptomatic patients and their outcomes.