tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Specific non- -adrenergic binding sites for 125I-iodocyanopindolol in myocardial membrane preparations: a comparative study between human, rat, and porcine hearts
Authors: R. Bjornerheim, S. Golf, V. Hansson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — The aim was to investigate observed differences in β adrenergic and apparent non-β-adrenergic binding of (−)[125I]-iodocyanopindolol (125I-ICYP). Design — Binding parameters for several β adrenergic agonists and antagonists were examined in radioligand binding assay, using 125I-ICYP as radioligand, in membranes prepared from myocardial tissue. Subjects — Human right auricular myocardium was obtained from patients undergoing open heart surgery. Ventricular myocardium was from Norwegian landrace pigs and Wistar rats. Measurements and main results — Specific binding of 125I-ICYP was observed. This was only partially competed for with high affinity by isoprenaline, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and atenolol. Considerable interspecies variations in the magnitude of specific non-β-adrenergic (NBA) binding of 125I-ICYP were shown. The equilibrium constant of dissociation (Kd) of the specific NBA binding sites for 125I-ICYP was 0.3-0.4 nmol·litre−1, and the binding capacities were 20, 106, and 192 fmol·mg−1 protein in rat, human, and porcine myocardium, respectively. The NBA sites were heat sensitive and destroyed by trypsin. Association to NBA sites occurred more rapidly than to β adrenoceptors. Dissociation of bound 25I-ICYP from NBA sites and β adrenoceptors at 30C revealed first order kinetics with t1/2 of 19 min from NBA, as compared to 120 min from β adrenoceptors. In all three species the ligand specificity for NBA sites was very similar and various adrenergic agonists and antagonists competed with 125I-ICYP binding with the following potencies: timolol > propranolol > ICI 118 551 > pindolol > Sandoz 204 545 > terbutaline > noradrenaline and adrenaline >> isoprenaline and atenolol. Of agonists and antagonists for other receptor systems, only the serotoninergic 5-HT2 antagonist ritanserin could displace 125I-ICYP from the NBA sites with relatively high affinity. Conclusions — 125I-ICYP and several β adrenoceptor antagonists interact specifically with receptor like proteins other than β adrenoceptors, and remarkable interspecies difference in the levels of myocardial NBA sites was observed.
UNPRECEDENTED CASE OF CONSTIPATION.
Authors: D. GEIB
Journal: JAMA (1902)

This case, reported to the South Dakota State Medical Society, June, 1900, and to the Aberdeen District Medical Society, June, 1901, by Dr. D. Geib, was further described in a communication to the Aberdeen District Medical Society, September, 1901, by Dr. J. D. Jones and concluded by report of the case to time of death, January 8, 1902, with autopsy, by Drs. D. Geib and J. D. Jones. The patient, Mr. K., having enjoyed good health previous to the age of 11, began at that time to be constipated and was treated for three months by Dr. Nicholas Senn, then of Dodge County, Wisconsin, no bowel movement being secured. The only result of cathartics and laxatives was severe pain. The constipation continued until death. It was a common occur rence for him to go three weeks or as many months without a movement of the bowels. At the age of
Modes of lubrication in human hip joints.
Authors: B J Roberts, A Unsworth, N Mian
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Cadaveric hip joints were tested in a hip function simulator which subjected the femoral head to a cycle of loading and oscillation similar to that experienced during walking and measured the frictional torque transmitted to the acetabulum. Silicone fluids with viscosities from 10-2 Pa s (pascal second) to 30 Pa s were used as lubricants and the transition from mixed to full fluid film lubrication was observed around 5 x 10(-2) Pa s. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions were also tested at the lower viscosities. Hyaluronidase digestion of samples of synovial fluid caused a significant increase in friction over the control samples. Trypsin digestion had no significant effect. No correlation between compliance of the cartilage and the frictional values was observed.
US doctors accused of misusing embryos
Authors: J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1995)

US doctors accused of misusing embryosReproductive medicine in the US is being shaken by a scandal that involves one of its foremost leaders.Dr Ricardo Asch, a devel- oper of gamete intrafallopian transfer and author of six textbooks, is one of three Cali- fornian fertility specialists accused of taking eggs from patients, ferdlising them, and then implanting the embryos into unrelated women.
Abstract 5236: Intermittent anti-angiogenic therapy with sunitinib in a murine xenograft model monitored by dynamic contrast enhanced ultra high frequency sonography
Authors: Titaina C. Potdevin Hunnam, Theresa A. Tuthill, Donna S. Dorow, Carleen Cullinane, Timothy J. McCarthy, Rodney J. Hicks
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Sunitinib is an orally bio-available small-molecule inhibitor that targets multiple pro-angiogenic receptor tyrosine kinases including VEGFR, PDGFR, c-KIT, FLT3, CSF-1R and RET. Sunitinib treatment induces growth arrest or regression in a range of preclinical tumour models via its anti-tumour and anti-angiogenic effects. An intermittent 4 weeks on, 2 weeks off sunitinib dosing schedule is routinely used in the clinic to reduce pharmacologic toxicity of the compound. However, the effects of treatment withdrawal on tumour vasculature are currently poorly defined. The aim of this study was to use dynamic contrast enhanced ultra high frequency sonography (DCE-UHS) to investigate the effects of intermittent therapy on vascular function in a preclinical xenograft tumour model. Nude mice bearing A431 human squamous cell tumours (mean volume 296 +/− 19 mm3) were randomized to receive either vehicle or 80 mg/kg sunitinib p.o. daily following a treatment regimen of 6 days on, 7 days off, 7 days on (n = 4/group). During the 20 day regimen period, mean tumour volumes in the sunitinib treated group regressed by 42% at day 6 but increased by 38% during the off treatment period days 6 - 13. Upon resuming sunitinib therapy, tumour volumes decreased once again by 13% (days 13 - 20). Mean tumour volumes in the vehicle treated group reached 561+/−27 mm3 at day 6 becoming too large for DCE-UHS measurements and were thus removed from the remainder of the experiment. DCE-UHS was performed at baseline and during the treatment regimen at days 4, 6, 11, 13, 17 and 20. Measures of tumour perfusion including relative fractional blood volume (RFBV; percentage of tumour volume with blood flow) and mean refill rate (MRR, mean rate at which blood re-perfuses a defined tumour area) are calculated from the DCE-UHS data. During the treatment periods, mean RFBV in the treated animals decreased by 52% (p = 0.011; days 0-6) and 55% (p = 0.021; days 13-20) and MRR by 77% and 72% (p values not significant). However, during the intervening off treatment period tumor perfusion increased by 66% RFBV and 58% MRR. While these data clearly demonstrate the inhibitory effects of sunitinib treatment on tumour perfusion they also highlight the rapid reversibility of the anti-vascular effects of the drug. Further, the study demonstrates the utility of DCE-UHS to investigate effects of intermittent sunitinib therapy on vascular parameters. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5236.
Medical Aspects of the Worcester Tornado Disaster
Authors: Donald Hight, James T. Blodgett, Edmund J. Groge, Elwood O. Horne, John W. McKoan, Charles S. Whelan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

IN the late afternoon of June 9, 1953, a tornado unexpectedly struck a section of Worcester County, Massachusetts, and in about twenty minutes created a major disaster. The problems that arose as a result of this storm were, of course, innumerable, but those that concerned the evacuation of the injured, their distribution to the various hospitals in the area and the management and care of the casualties once they arrived at the hospitals are of great importance, particularly in the planning and preparations for such disasters in the future. Although this report is presented primarily as a review of the . . .
FIRST-IN-MAN EXPERIENCE OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AN ACUTE ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (APOLLO TRIAL)
Authors: H.J. Duckers, Jaco Houtgraaf, RobertJan van Geuns, Francisco J. Fernandez-Aviles, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Protection against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity by pretreating rats with the hemisuccinate esters of tocopherol and cholesterol.
Authors: M W Fariss, K F Bryson, E E Hylton, H R Lippman, C H Stubin, X G Zhao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Previous studies have demonstrated that alpha-tocopheryl hemisuccinate (TS) protects hepatocyte suspensions from chemical-induced toxicity. It has been suggested that TS cytoprotection is related to unique properties of the TS molecule or is dependent on the cellular release and activity of unesterified alpha-tocopherol (T). To test the unique cytoprotective nature of TS in vivo, the protective ability of T and tocopherol esters against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was examined. Hepatoprotection [determined by serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and histopathology] was not observed after T (or tocopheryl acetate and tocopheryl nicotinate) administration, even though this treatment resulted in a fivefold elevation in hepatic T content. Only pretreatment with TS (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) resulted in partial hepatoprotection against CCl4 (2.9 g/kg, orally) toxicity. These findings suggest that hepatoprotection results not from the cellular accumulation of T but rather from the intact TS molecule. To test this hypothesis, the hepatoprotective capacity of cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CS), unesterified cholesterol, and cholesteryl acetate (CA) was examined against CCl4 toxicity. As observed with the tocopherol derivatives, pretreatment with unesterified cholesterol or CA demonstrated no protective ability. However, when rats were pretreated with CS (100 mg/kg), the hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 (elevated serum AST and ALT levels and centrilobular necrosis) were completely prevented. The prevention of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by CS and TS do not appear to result from an alteration in hepatic drug metabolism. These data clearly demonstrate that CS and TS are unique and powerful cytoprotective agents against CCl4 hepatotoxicity in vivo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Long-term Postmenopausal Hormone Use, Obesity, and Fat Distribution in Older Women
Authors: Donna Kritz-Silverstein
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether long-term postmenopausal hormone replacement is associated with measures of obesity and body composition in elderly women. <h3>Design.</h3> —A 15-year prospective and cross-sectional cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Rancho Bernardo, a geographically defined community in Southern California. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 671 women aged 65 to 94 years, who were initially enrolled in the Rancho Bernardo Study between 1972 and 1974 and participated in a 1988 to 1991 follow-up clinic visit. These women had never used hormone replacement therapy (n=194), used hormones intermittently (n=331), or used hormones continuously (n=146) for the 15 years between baseline and follow-up. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Height and weight were obtained at both clinic visits; differences in body mass index (BMI) between baseline and follow-up were computed. At follow-up, waist and hip circumferences and bioelectric impedance were measured. <h3>Results.</h3> —Age-adjusted comparisons indicated intermittent and continuous hormone users had significantly lower mean BMIs at baseline than women who had never used hormone replacement therapy. After adjustment for potentially confounding covariates, there were no significant differences between estrogen users and nonusers in BMI at follow-up, change in weight or BMI between baseline and follow-up, or waist-hip ratio or fat mass at follow-up. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Hormone replacement therapy, whether used intermittently or continuously for 15 or more years, is not associated with the weight gain and central obesity that is commonly observed in postmenopausal women. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:46-49)
Radionuclide Brain Scans in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients
Authors: D B HENNIGAN, MARY J. WOOD, RONALD L EISENBERG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Radionuclide brain scans were obtained routinely on 100 consecutive patients admitted to the inpatient psychiatric service. Ninety-nine of these scans were unequivocally normal. One showed unilateral decreased flow in the carotid distribution, but this was not confirmed arteriographically nor did this result in any change in therapy. The authors conclude that there is no justification for the use of the radionuclide brain scan as a screening procedure for patients presenting with psychiatric symptoms.
Internal anal sphincterotomy as an out-patient operation.
Authors: H R Magee, H R Thompson
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS This is a valuable and practical article reviewing the results of internal anal sphincterotomy for fissure-in-ano under local anaesthesia as an out-patient procedure.PATHOLOGICAL BASIS FOR OPERATION An acute fissure when observed by everting the anus *shows longitudinal muscle fibres in the floor of the ulcer.These are fibres of the conjoint longitudinal muscle layer which have passed downwards through the internal anal sphincter to gain attachment to the anal canal and perianal skin.If the lesion persists, the longitudinal fibres ulcerate through to expose the underlying whitish circular fibres of the internal sphincter.The edges are well defined and are un- dermined so that the true size of the ulcer is con- cealed.Infection is an important complication and its presence leads to the formation of the external skin tag and the hypertrophied anal papilla.The inflammation may progress to suppuration and the formation of a blind internal fistula, or rarely, it may track externally to form a complete low anal fistula.Division or stretching of the circular muscle
Combined treatment using adoptive cell therapy, extended pharmacokinetic IL-2, and tumor-specific antibodies leads to cures of established B16F10 tumors and extended in vivo T cell survival
Authors: Cary F Opel, K Dane Wittrup
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts IL2 is frequently given alongside adoptive cell therapy in order to enhance T cell function and survival, however, the protein has a poor pharmacokinetic profile and severe negative side effects. Fc-IL2 is a monovalent Fc fusion with IL2. The addition of the Fc domain to the
Remarks on the British Pharmacop ia of 1885
Authors: R. H. Coombs
Journal: BMJ (1885)

1860C alt's I .1 80V W5 on' the Atrst day of being attacked, to the hills, and -all reco*ered.A fourth was greatly benefited by the change, and for.afew days showed decided improvement; but, unfortunately, 'eWforation of the intes.tines occurred, b*emorrhage came.on; sid7 death 'took place from enteric fever after a prolonged illhegs,and muth; suffering.
GPs' leader sets conditions for electronic care records
Authors: Michael Cross
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A long standing disagreement between GPs and leaders of the NHS's information technology programme may be moving towards rapprochement. The dispute is over whether patients should have to opt in to the new systems of electronic health records being created in England, or have the option to opt out and keep their medical records off the system if they do not wish them to be shared across the NHS.

Officials at Connecting for Health, the agency building the new electronic records service, argue for “opt out,” but the council of the Royal …
A Randomized, Multicenter Phase 3 Study Comparing 2% Rebamipide (OPC-12759) with 0.1% Sodium Hyaluronate in the Treatment of Dry Eye
Authors: Shigeru Kinoshita, Kazuhide Oshiden, Saki Awamura, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Norihiro Nakamichi, Norihiko Yokoi
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Aqua jogging-induced pulmonary oedema
Authors: M. Wenger, E. W. Russi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The present study reports the case of a 43-yr-old very sporty male, who developed shortness of breath and expectorated bloody froth during aqua jogging. Pulmonary oedema was diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography of the chest. The patient made a full recovery and his echocardiography was entirely normal. Pulmonary oedema occurring in healthy scuba-divers and swimmers has been reported previously. However, this is the first case where pulmonary oedema was observed during aqua jogging.
Abortion minefield for doctors
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Amending legislation currently before the UK Parliament has reawakened controversy over the abortion issue.  1 bill would drastically limit the 1967 Abortion Act by lowering the gestational age limit from 28 weeks to 18 weeks.  Another bill the Infant life Presumed not capable of being born alive from 28 weeks to 24 weeks.  At present a physician may not terminate a pregnancy except to save the mothers life if at the time the child is capable of being born alive.  If the proposed bill takes effect physicians may be at increased risk of prosecution for performing late abortions.  On the other hand only a few nursing homes are licensed to carry out abortions after the 20th week of pregnancy and none are licensed to perform the procedure after the 24th week.  Thus a de facto limit of 24 weeks seems to exist by virtue of self-regulation by the medical profession.  In general physicians are guided more by the royal colleges and the Department of Health and Social security than by the unsatisfactory state of the law.
Annular Detachment of the Cervix
Authors: A. E. B. Matthews
Journal: BMJ (1964)

to relative hypoglycaemia (normal ratio) and one due to glycolysis (lowered ratio) as occurs in tuberculous meningitis.We have found here that exceptions do occasionally occur: we have seen a normal ratio in tuberculous meningitis with a normal C.S.F.sugar, and we have further seen cases of aseptic meningitis with lowered ratios, C.S.F.-sugar levels being either normal or reduced.We accept the view of Miller et al.2 that a normal C.S.F.sugar must never be used as a major argument against a diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, and consider that the im- portance of finding a low C.S.F.sugar in non-pyogenic meningitis is that it should prompt a thorough search of the C.S.F. for the tubercle bacillus, the identification of which is, after all, the only unequivocal evidence of tuberculous infection of the meninges.Failure to find the organism by direct examination should not delay the in- ception of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy (not intrathecally initially) in any case where the clinical suspicion of tuberculous meningitis is high.-Weare, etc.,
Livedoid vasculitis: a manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome?
Authors: None ACLAND, None DARVAY, None WAKELIN, None RUSSELL-JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Livedoid vasculitis, otherwise known as segmental hyalinizing vasculitis or livedo reticularis with summer ulceration, is a chronic disease with lesions affecting the feet and lower legs. Early lesions show petechiae, but characteristic features are recurrent, bizarrely shaped ulcers that heal to leave hyperpigmentation and atrophie blanche. The aetiology of the disorder is unknown, but the histology shows fibrin deposition within both the wall and lumen of affected vessels. The absence of a sufficient perivascular infiltrate or leucocytoclasia argues against a vasculitis, being more in keeping with a thrombo-occlusive process. Four patients with livedoid vasculitis with ulceration are described, all of whom had associated raised anticardiolipin antibodies but no other evidence of systemic disease. We suggest that livedoid vasculitis may be a manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome and recommend that all patients are screened for this. We also discuss treatment options for this often resistant condition.
Computerized Tomography and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Fremont P. Wirth
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I refer to the article "Computerized Tomography in Neurological Evaluations" by Naidich et al (240:565, 1978). The value of computerized tomographic (CT) scanning is unquestioned, as the article so well illustrates. I am concerned, however, with the impressions left from the section dealing with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The authors cite the article in<i>Radiology</i>by Scotti et al (123:85-90, 1977) and suggest that CT scanning may detect nearly all subarachnoid hemorrhages within the first few days following hemorrhage. I believe this is misleading to the practitioner who does not deal frequently with this condition. While it may be true that CT scanning will detect many or most subarachnoid hemorrhages, it certainly will not detect all of them. If the CT scan alone is relied on as the basis for diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage, a certain number of cases will be missed. At this time, the diagnostic accuracy of