tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Latrodectus tredecimguttatus spider bite
Authors: D. Calista, C. Venturelli, M. Morri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Latrodectus tredecimguttatus spider bite Get access D. Calista, D. Calista Department of Dermatology, and Entomology Unit, ‘M.Bufalini’ Hospital, viale Ghirotti 286, 47023 Cesena, Italy Donato Calista. E‐mail: calista@iol.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Venturelli, C. Venturelli Department of Dermatology, and Entomology Unit, ‘M.Bufalini’ Hospital, viale Ghirotti 286, 47023 Cesena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Morri M. Morri Department of Dermatology, and Entomology Unit, ‘M.Bufalini’ Hospital, viale Ghirotti 286, 47023 Cesena, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 2, 1 August 2004, Page 505, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06123.x Published: 01 August 2004 Article history Accepted: 16 February 2004 Published: 01 August 2004
P3-176: Prognostic factors for patients with advanced and metastatic non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): classical factors= performans status (PS), gender and extension of disease; new factors= expression of EGFR, p53 and cell proliferation defined by Ki67
Authors: Malika Gamaz, Kamel Bouzid, Rebiha Baba-Ahmed, Samia Taright, Rabah Amrane, Djoher Hannoun
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Loss of Smad3 in Acute T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Lawrence A. Wolfraim, Tania M. Fernandez, Mizuko Mamura, Walter L. Fuller, Rajesh Kumar, Diane E. Cole, Stacey Byfield, Angelina Felici, Kathleen C. Flanders, Thomas M. Walz, Anita B. Roberts, Peter D. Aplan, Frank M. Balis, John J. Letterio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The receptors for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and their signaling intermediates make up an important tumor-suppressor pathway. The role of one of these intermediates--Smad3--in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasia is unknown.We measured Smad3 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in leukemia cells obtained at diagnosis from 19 children with acute leukemia, including 10 with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 7 with pre-B-cell ALL, and 2 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). All nine exons of the SMAD3 gene (MADH3) were sequenced. Mice in which one or both alleles of Smad3 were inactivated were used to evaluate the role of Smad3 in the response of normal T cells to TGF-beta and in the susceptibility to spontaneous leukemogenesis in mice in which both alleles of the tumor suppressor p27Kip1 were deleted.Smad3 protein was absent in T-cell ALL but present in pre-B-cell ALL and ANLL. No mutations were found in the MADH3 gene in T-cell ALL, and Smad3 mRNA was present in T-cell ALL and normal T cells at similar levels. In mice, the loss of one allele for Smad3 impairs the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta on the proliferation of normal T cells and works in tandem with the homozygous inactivation of p27Kip1 to promote T-cell leukemogenesis.Loss of Smad3 protein is a specific feature of pediatric T-cell ALL. A reduction in Smad3 expression and the loss of p27Kip1 work synergistically to promote T-cell leukemogenesis in mice.
A STAGE IN THE MIGRATION OF THE ADULT TERTIAN MALARIAL PARASITE. EVIDENCE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR RELATION OF THE PARASITE TO THE RED CORPUSCLE
Authors: Mary Rowley-Lawson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1914)

1. What appear to be certain definite stages in the migration of the malarial parasite from red corpuscle to red corpuscle may be demonstrated by thorough and persistent observations,—not minutes spent on each specimen, but many hours. 2. The migration of the malarial parasite from red corpuscle to red corpuscle gives a reasonable explanation of the loss of red corpuscles which cannot be accounted for by the destruction of the infected corpuscles at the time the parasites segment. 3. Migration to other red corpuscles is a satisfactory explanation of the ultimate fate of the young parasites seen in instances of multiple infection of single corpuscles. 4. In the light of the facts here presented, it would seem impossible to explain the instances of the parasites partly on and partly off degenerated red corpuscles as the result of technique. A stage in the migration of the parasite seems to me to be the probable interpretation of the phenomenon. 5. A corpuscular mound encircled by an adult parasite, when seen at the periphery of the red corpuscle, should have the same significance and interpretation in reference to the extracellular relation of the parasite to the corpuscle, that it has when it is seen in connection with a young parasite. 6. The adult ring-form parasite should have the same interpretation as the young ring-form parasite. 7. Attachment to the external surface of the red corpuscles seems to me to be the only possible interpretation of the appearances of the parasites pictured in this article.
Statistical studies in genetic toxicology: a perspective from the U.S. National Toxicology Program.
Authors: B H Margolin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

This paper surveys recent, as yet unpublished, statistical studies arising from research in genetic toxicology within the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP). These studies all involve analyses of data from Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity tests, but the statistical methodologies are broadly applicable. Three issues are addressed: First, what is a tenable sampling model for Ames test data, and how does one best test the adequacy of the Poisson sampling assumption? Second, given that nonmonotone dose-response curves are fairly common in the Salmonella assay, what new statistical techniques or modifications of existing ones seem appropriate to accommodate to this reality? Finally, an intriguing question: How can the extensive NTP Ames test data base be used to assess the characteristics of any mutagen-nonmutagen decision rule? The last issue is illustrated with the commonly used "two-times background" rule.
PERFORATION OF THE CECUM BY A TOOTHPICK, SIMULATING ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: Samuel McLanahan
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Intestinal perforation and resulting abscess formation due to an ingested foreign body have been mentioned recently inThe Journal. 1 An article by Bearse 2 focused attention on the subject. The two outstanding characteristics of the abscesses have been their slow development with consequent large size, and their location in connection with the large intestine. An exception was the duodenal perforation reported by Douglas. 3 The rectum is said to be the most common site for perforation by foreign bodies. A recent case coming to my attention presented rather different characteristics and offers another problem in differential diagnosis.  REPORT OF CASE  B. F., a man, aged 44, was admitted to the Union Memorial Hospital, April 20, 1930, under the surgical care of Dr. William A. Fisher, having been referred by Dr. Joseph W. Ketzky. On the previous day the patient had first noticed a dull pain in the right side
Disodium cromoglycate can inhibit virus-induced cytopathic effects in vitro.
Authors: K Penttinen, A Aarnio, T Hovi
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Investigations showed: haemoglobin 12 8 g/dl; white cell count 11 3 x 109!l (11 300/mm3), with 15 % eosinophils; blood urea 10-3 mmol/I (62 mg/ 100 ml); blood glucose 5-4 mmol/l (98 mg/100 ml); and serum sodium 129 mmol(mEq)/l, potassium 5-2 mmol(mEq)/l, and chloride 97 mmol (mEq)/l.Chest and abdominal x-ray pictures were normal.Antinuclear factor and thyroid and parietal cell antibodies were absent.The basal plasma cortisol concentration was low and there was no response to prolonged stimulation with tetracosactrin, which confirmed primary adrenocortical failure.Sweat was collected from his back and tested for electrolytes.Two months after treatment with cortisone acetate and fludrocortisone the patient felt well and had gained weight.The skin over his legs was normal.No local treatment was given for the ichthyosis.Much of the hyperpigmentation was reversible.The sweat test was repeated (see table ).Sweat electrolyte concentrations (mmol/l) before and after corticosteroids Before treatmentAfter treatment Sodium (normal 51l9 2SD 42 2) 87-0 18 0 Chloride (normal 29 7-2SD 17 7) 71-0 3-2 Potassium (normal 7-5 ± 2SD 3-2) 3-7 16-0Conversion: SI to traditional units-Sweat electrolytes: 1 mmol/l = 1 mEq, .
Role of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin deficiency in promoting cirrhosis in two siblings with heterozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency phenotype SZ
Authors: D Yoon
Journal: Gut (2002)

Background: Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is the most common inherited metabolic disorder with the potential to cause injury in the lung and liver. Recent reports suggested that alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (A1AC) deficiency may also be a possible cause of chronic liver disease. However, it has received little attention and is rarely investigated in the clinical setting. Aims: To assess the role of A1AC deficiency in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease in two siblings with heterozygous A1AT phenotype Pi SZ. Patients: Two adult siblings with an A1AT Pi SZ phenotype and reduced levels of A1AC consistent with heterozygosity who developed cirrhosis and underwent liver transplantation. Methods and results: A1AT and A1AC levels in plasma measured by electroimmunoassay were 74 mg/dl and 90 mg/dl (140–470) and 0.12 mg/ml and 0.14 mg/ml (0.173–0.46), respectively. Immunohistochemistry revealed an apparent accumulation of both A1AT and A1AC in hepatocytes. A previously reported point mutation in exon III (Pro<sup>229</sup> to Ala substitution) of the A1AC gene was not detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification and a single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Conclusions: Our report represents the first case of two siblings with A1CA phenotype Pi SZ who developed cirrhosis and underwent liver transplantation. Both siblings were heterozygous for A1AT and A1AC deficiency suggesting that combined deficiency of these two major serine protease inhibitors may enhance the risk of developing liver disease.
A METHOD FOR OBTAINING SUSPENSIONS OF LIVING CELLS FROM THE FIXED TISSUES, AND FOR THE PLATING OUT OF INDIVIDUAL CELLS
Authors: Peyton Rous, F. S. Jones
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

Individual, living, tissue cells can be obtained in suspension by digesting with trypsin the clot of growing tissue cultures. Under these circumstances the living cells assume a spherical form. When washed and plated in fresh plasma they put out processes and proliferate. After growth in the new plates has occurred the digestion and plating can be repeated. The limits of the method have not yet been reached. We are at work on a number of the problems which it has opened up.
Visit a health centre in a developing country.
Authors: P A Gibson, A McClelland
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Supervision of health care centers is needed to ensure quality health care. Visits to health centers by supervisors should consist of 6 primary components: communication, teaching, seeing patients, tour of the health center, assessing performance, and follow up. Effective communication skills between the supervisor and health care workers is needed. Suggestions for good communication include regular and frequent visits, the same supervisor to encourage relationships between the supervisor and health center staff, and few cancellation of visits. Good communication is also dependent on the supervisor's attitude; criticism should be constructive. In teaching, information should be based on standard protocols and treatments. Teaching methods such as tutorials and discussions encourage group participation and are effective in solving problems. Common problems which should be discussed are child health issues such as coughs, diarrhea, fever, immunization, and nutrition; maternal health problems such as antenatal care, contraception, and labor management; communicable disease problems such as water supply and disposal, tuberculosis, and malaria; and sexually transmitted diseases. Seeing patients is the 3rd component of health center visits; this allows the supervisor to observe daily problems encountered by the staff and to teach workers. A tour of the health center should be conducted for the purpose of improving the center and should focus on water supply and disposal. The objectives of assessing performance is to identify problem areas which can be improved. This visit component can be conducted throughout the visit. Areas of assessment include clinical skills, dispensary, and health education. Data from records can be collected and utilized to demonstrate the center's effectiveness. At the end of the visit, problems should be identified and actions of improvement should be proposed. Follow up is important to correct deficiencies and problems.
Recession takes toll on grants from medical research charities
Authors: J. Waters
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A quarter of the United Kingdom’s medical research charities have already cut grants as a direct result of the recession, a new survey carried out by the Association of Medical Research Charities has shown.

Of the 59 of the total of 63 charities that responded to the question about funding levels, just over half (30) respondents said that they were maintaining their spending on research for the current financial year, but one in four (15) admitted they were cutting their spending on grants by between 10% and 40%. And more than three quarters predicted that the economic downturn would have a significant impact …
Population and People
Authors: Norman B. Roberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Written for intelligent laymen, this book presents a balanced discussion of demographic principles and applies them dispassionately to the population problems of the United States and other countries. Interesting is the historical analysis of the factors influencing the numbers and composition of the immigrants who populated the United States, and the correlation of these immigrational patterns with population movements within the United States: legislative restrictions upon immigration from Europe, for example, accelerated the Negro migration to the northern states. The author emphasizes that underpopulation and overpopulation are relative to the balance between numbers, resources, and technology, and that America is becoming overpopulated: we produce relatively less food, must import more iron and oil, and suffer a lack of water, recreational areas, roads, schools, and hospitals. He develops the thesis that the increased population of the United States has led already to restrictions of the individual's freedom to motor, fish, hunt,
Myocardial Infarction Without Coronary Artery Stenosis Illustrated by Tc-99m Pyrophosphate Scan, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy
Authors: Mei-Fang Cheng, Yen-Hung Lin, Wen-Yih I. Tseng, Yen-Wen Wu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 42-year-old woman presented with chest pain and ECG changes suggestive of acute myocardial infarction. However, a coronary angiogram showed no significant epicardial coronary stenosis. Nonetheless, abnormal Tc-99m pyrophosphate activity accumulated within the inferolateral wall, consistent with acute necrosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance revealed near transmural extent of late gadolinium-enhancement with mild hypokinesis in the mid to basal inferolateral segments. Dipyridamole Tl-201 single photon emission computed tomography 6 months later demonstrated stress-induced ischemia in the corresponding area, with subendocardial scar in the mid level. Nuclear perfusion scintigraphy is needed for accurate assessment of infarct size and coronary flow after the acute stage of a myocardial infarction has passed.
Age at Migration and Future Risk of Psychotic Disorders Among Immigrants in the Netherlands: A 7-Year Incidence Study
Authors: Wim Veling, Hans W. Hoek, Jean-Paul Selten, Ezra Susser
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2011)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the increased risk for developing a psychotic disorder among immigrants is related to their age at the time of migration.In a 7-year first-contact incidence study, immigrants to the Netherlands and Dutch citizens, ages 15-54 years, who made a first contact with a physician for a suspected psychotic disorder were identified. Diagnostic interviews were administered, and DSM-IV diagnoses were determined by consensus between two psychiatrists. A comprehensive municipal registration system provided the denominator, including information on ethnicity and age at the time of migration.Lower age at the time of migration was associated with a higher incidence of psychotic disorders among immigrants. People who migrated between the ages of 0 and 4 years had the most elevated risk for psychotic disorders compared with the risk among Dutch citizens (age- and sex-adjusted incidence rate ratio=2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.10-4.17), and the risk gradually decreased with older age at migration (adjusted incidence rate ratio for migration at 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and >29 years, respectively: 2.31 [CI=1.61-3.29], 1.51 [CI=1.02-2.25], and 1.00 [CI=0.58-1.72]).The adverse influence of migration on the risk for psychotic disorders is most prominent in early life, suggesting that this is an important period in the etiology of the illness.
Influence of Glucocorticoids on Glucagon Secretion and Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Man
Authors: Jonathan K. Wise, Rosa Hendler, Philip Felig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Plasma concentrations of glucagon, insulin, glucose, and individual plasma amino acids were measured in normal nonobese and obese subjects before and after 3 days of dexamethasone treatment (2 mg/day) and in patients with Cushing's syndrome. The subjects were studied in the basal postabsorptive state and following the infusion of alanine (0.15 g/kg) or ingestion of a protein meal. In nonobese subjects dexamethasone treatment resulted in a 55% increment in basal glucagon levels and in a 60-100% increase in the maximal glucagon response to alanine infusion or protein ingestion. In obese subjects, basal glucagon rose by 110% following dexamethasone, while the response to alanine increased fourfold. In patients with Cushing's syndrome basal glucagon levels were 100% higher and the glucagon response to alanine infusion was 170% greater than in normal controls.Dexamethasone treatment in normal subjects resulted in a 40% rise in plasma alanine concentration which was directly proportional to the rise in basal glucagon. The remaining 14 amino acids were unchanged. In the patients with Cushing's syndrome alanine levels were 40% higher than in normal controls and were directly proportional to basal glucagon concentrations. No other plasma amino acids were significantly altered in the group with Cushing's syndrome. It is concluded that (a) glucocorticoids increase plasma glucagon concentration in the basal state and in response to protein ingestion or aminogenic stimulation; (b) this effect of glucocorticoids occurs in the face of obesity and persists in chronic hypercorticism; (c) hyperalaninemia is a characteristic of acute and chronic glucocorticoid excess, and may in turn contribute to steroid-induced hyperglucagonemia; and (d) increased alpha cell secretion may be a contributory factor in the gluconeogenic and diabetogenic effects of glucocorticoids.
Rodney Irwin Green
Authors: S. Green
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Consultant radiologist Ysbuty Glan Clwyd, North Wales, 1959-87 (b Liverpool 1924; q Liverpool 1948; MD), died on 3 February 2002 following a brain haemorrhage.

He took up radiology because he was partially deaf. He wrote his MD thesis on the radiological appearances of the soft palate and nasopharynx following treatment of the cleft palate. In 1959 he was appointed consultant radiologist to the Royal Alexander Hospital in Rhyl and set up a newly expanding service in north east Wales. He was a keen sportsman. He leaves a wife, Jean; four children; and 11 grandchildren.
Aspirin and warfarin equally good for stroke patients
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Aspirin and warfarin are equally effective at preventing patients who have had a stroke from having another ischaemic event, a new study has shown. The findings suggested that both drugs are reasonable options for such patients, the study's author said.

Though previous trials have studied various drugs in the prevention of non-cardiogenic, recurrent ischaemic stroke, the authors explained, no trial had determined whether anticoagulants were superior to antiplatelet drugs in preventing such strokes.

Dr Jay Mohr from Columbia …
High SUVmax on FDG-PET Indicates Pleomorphic Subtype in Epithelioid Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Supportive Evidence to Reclassify Pleomorphic as Nonepithelioid Histology
Authors: Kyuichi Kadota, Stefan S. Kachala, Jun-ichi Nitadori, Kei Suzuki, Mark P.S. Dunphy, Camelia S. Sima, William D. Travis, Valerie W. Rusch, Prasad S. Adusumilli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
An Internet-Based Diabetes Management Platform Improves Team Care and Outcomes in an Urban Latino Population
Authors: Garry Welch, Sofija E. Zagarins, Paula Santiago-Kelly, Zoraida Rodriguez, Sven-Erik Bursell, Milagros C. Rosal, Robert A. Gabbay
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE To compare usual diabetes care (UDC) to a comprehensive diabetes care intervention condition (IC) involving an Internet-based “diabetes dashboard” management tool used by clinicians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a parallel-group randomized design. Diabetes nurses, diabetes dietitians, and providers used the diabetes dashboard as a clinical decision support system to deliver a five-visit, 6-month intervention to 199 poorly controlled (HbA1c &amp;gt;7.5% [58 mmol/mol]) Latino type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients (mean age 55 years, 60% female) at urban community health centers. We compared this intervention to an established, in-house UDC program (n = 200) for its impact on blood glucose control and psychosocial outcomes. RESULTS Recruitment and retention rates were 79.0 and 88.5%, respectively. Compared with UDC, more IC patients reached HbA1c targets of &amp;lt;7% (53 mmol/mol; 15.8 vs. 7.0%, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.01) and &amp;lt;8% (64 mmol/mol; 45.2 vs. 25.3%, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.001). In multiple linear regression adjusting for baseline HbA1c, adjusted mean ± SE HbA1c at follow-up was significantly lower in the IC compared with the UDC group (P &amp;lt; 0.001; IC 8.4 ± 0.10%; UDC 9.2 ± 0.10%). The results showed lower diabetes distress at follow-up for IC patients (40.4 ± 2.1) as compared with UDC patients (48.3 ± 2.0) (P &amp;lt; 0.01), and also lower social distress (32.2 ± 1.3 vs. 27.2 ± 1.4, P &amp;lt; 0.01). There was a similar, statistically significant (P &amp;lt; 0.01) improvement for both groups in the proportion of patients moving from depressed status at baseline to nondepressed at follow-up (41.8 vs. 40%; no significance between groups). CONCLUSIONS The diabetes dashboard intervention significantly improved diabetes-related outcomes among Latinos with poorly controlled T2D compared with a similar diabetes team condition without access to the diabetes dashboard.