tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Genomics Associates FOX Transcription Factors With Human Heart Failure
Authors: Sridhar Hannenhalli, Mary E. Putt, Joan M. Gilmore, Junwen Wang, Michael S. Parmacek, Jonathan A. Epstein, Edward E. Morrisey, Kenneth B. Margulies, Thomas P. Cappola
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Specific transcription factors (TFs) modulate cardiac gene expression in murine models of heart failure, but their relevance in human subjects remains untested. We developed and applied a computational approach called transcriptional genomics to test the hypothesis that a discrete set of cardiac TFs is associated with human heart failure. Methods and Results— RNA isolates from failing (n=196) and nonfailing (n=16) human hearts were hybridized with Affymetrix HU133A arrays, and differentially expressed heart failure genes were determined. TF binding sites overrepresented in the −5-kb promoter sequences of these heart failure genes were then determined with the use of public genome sequence databases. Binding sites for TFs identified in murine heart failure models (MEF2, NKX, NF-AT, and GATA) were significantly overrepresented in promoters of human heart failure genes ( P &lt;0.002; false discovery rate 2% to 4%). In addition, binding sites for FOX TFs showed substantial overrepresentation in both advanced human and early murine heart failure ( P &lt;0.002 and false discovery rate &lt;4% for each). A role for FOX TFs was supported further by expression of FOXC1, C2, P1, P4, and O1A in failing human cardiac myocytes at levels similar to established hypertrophic TFs and by abundant FOXP1 protein in failing human cardiac myocyte nuclei. Conclusions— Our results provide the first evidence that specific TFs identified in murine models (MEF2, NKX, NFAT, and GATA) are associated with human heart failure. Moreover, these data implicate specific members of the FOX family of TFs (FOXC1, C2, P1, P4, and O1A) not previously suggested in heart failure pathogenesis. These findings provide a crucial link between animal models and human disease and suggest a specific role for FOX signaling in modulating the hypertrophic response of the heart to stress in humans.
Asthma in runners
Authors: H O Tikkanen, I Helenius
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Larrson et al reported that out of 42 Swedish elite cross country skiers, 23 had asthma and 31 asthma-like symptoms.1 In 1984, 11.2% of the athletes in the United States' Olympic team had asthma induced by exercise.2 Thus, in elite athletes and espically in skiers symptoms of exercise induced asthma are common.1 Running is the most effective way to provoke such asthma,3 and bronchoconstriction in connection with exercise is exacerbated by inhalation of cold dry air or allergens.4,5 However, exercise induced asthma …
AB0387 Oxidate ldl, oxldl ab and fetuin a - potential markers of atherosclerosis in sle patients?
Authors: A. Smržová, P. Horak, M. Skacelova, Z. Hermanova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Accelerated atherosclerosis is a serious late manifestation in patients with SLE. It causes high morbidity and mortality with up to seven times higher prevalence of clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. Some studies have confirmed a relationship between the level of ox LDL and atherosclerosis manifestations and value of intima media thickness (IMT) of carotid and femoral arteries. A high titer of antibodies against ox LDL is associated with severe forms of atherosclerosis. Fetuin is a glycoprotein produced by hepatocytes with the potential inhibition of pathological calcification in tissues, including blood vessels. Low levels of fetuin A are associated with higher cardiovascular risk. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to detected correlation between oxLDL, oxLDLAb, fetuin A and IMT to specific groups of SLE patients with cardiovascular event. <h3>Methods</h3> In our center was examined 41 SLE patients and 21 healthyrespondents. IMT was measured by ultrasound by standard conditions and laboratories methods were determined by standardized kits. <h3>Results</h3> The study has 41patients with SLE (7 men, 34 women, mean age 36.5 year duration of disease 27.7 months). The control group consists of 11 healthy respondents. Values of Ox LDL in SLE patients was 71.8 U / l, resp. 60.1 U / l in healthy controls, anti-Ox LDL 6.2 EU / ml, resp. 4.8 EU / mL, fetuin A 62.1 resp. 77.1 ng / mL and value of IMT was 0,55mm in SLE patients and 0,49mm in control group. There was statistically significant difference in all these parameters measured in healthy controls to SLE patients (p = 0.004 to 0.05). SLE patients were divided to cardiovascular manifestation – hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction and thromboembolic event. In these groups we follow up IMT, ox LDL, ox LDL Ab and fetuin A. In patients with hypertension were significant differences in oxLDL Ab(0,009). IMT correlated in group with stroke, myocardial infarction and thromboembolic event (p=0,05, 0,05 and 0,001). If we divide patient in each group by IMT, it was very good correlation in oxLDL in all group (p=0,05, 0,0008, 0,04, 0,04), in oxLDL Ab in hypertension group and patients with myocardial infarction (p=0,009, 0,009). Value of fetuin A negatively correlated in group of hypertension (p= -0,04). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Combination of structural damage of atherosclerosis measured with IMT and laboratories markers as oxLDL and old antibodies is a very good predictor of cardiovascular event in SLE patient. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Supported by the Research program of Palacky University Olomouc: grant LF 2010_13 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was supported by the grant from IGA Ministry of Health, ČR, number NT/13707-4. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
It’s time to reappraise recruitment of South Asians to clinical trials
Authors: Brian D Gammon, Ashan Gunarathne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Despite a policy of inclusiveness in health care, the United Kingdom has made little progress in improving overall health among marginalised groups.1 There is a pressing need for clinical studies among South Asian, black, and other ethnic minority groups to aid the development of targeted strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease. A 1991 study, for example, showed that South Asians—then 4% of the total UK population—bore a disproportionately high burden of mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke.2 Health issues associated with the ageing of Britain’s ethnic minority population mean that new policy initiatives are urgently needed. Despite this urgency, however, this group is very rarely the focus of clinical investigations to prevent the adverse consequences of this disease burden. 

The reasons often given for South Asians’ lack of access to clinical trials include language difficulties, poorer access to health care, deprivation, alleged institutional discrimination, and a lack of cross cultural understanding and cultural competence.3 The South Asian population in the West Midlands, for …
Circle Health is not like the John Lewis Partnership
Authors: M. McKee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

It is nonsense to describe Circle Health as a "John Lewis style social enterprise." 1 As the Observer has described in some detail, it is a loss making private business with financial arrangements that are far more complex than this article portrays.Staff shares amount to only 49% of the total number of shares, and the staff's decision making powers are far less than even this suggests. 2 It would have been more helpful if, instead of trotting out the official line on this bizarre exercise, we could have had a serious discussion about how Circle Health can possibly make any money from this venture-given that this has baffled many independent commentators-and why so many hedge fund managers have rushed to invest in it.Is it simply a loss leader for richer pickings elsewhere?Something doesn't add up.
Near Fatal Reaction to Ingestion of the Hallucinogenic Drug MDA
Authors: Keith C. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1971)

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is a hallucinogenic drug for which, thus far, there have been no reported serious adverse effects. Three cases reported here document a near fatal, a severe, and a mild adverse reaction to ingestion of a single 500 mg capsule of pure MDA. Graded doses of pure MDA were administered to a series of mice, a cat, and a dog. Similar effects were observed, but the dosage was approximately ten times greater.
Uwe Reinhardt, PhD
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Physiology and Pathology of the Circulation
Authors: G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1871)

May 20, 187r.or vapours may be introduced into the lungs either by simple inhalation oT by artificial respiration.For the inhalation of a gas, a conical bag of oilskin, India-rubber, or bladder, must be made to fit the snout of the A. XT'T'.V animal, and connected with a bag, bladder, or gas-holder containing the gas.Or a tube may be put into the trachea and connected with the gas-holder.For the inhalation of a vapour, a cone of strong paper or cardboard may be used, the wide end being put over the muzzle, and the liquid, the vapour of which is to be inhaled, dropped on a piece of blotting-paper and put on the small end.Or the whole cone may be made of blot- ting-paper.Many different kinds of apparatus have been used for the artificial respiration of gases, among which may be mentioned the ingenious in- strument of Thiry and the beautiful respiration-pump of Luidwig.The simplest method probably is to have the gas in a bag, connected by mneans of the bottle or Miiller's valve with the tracheal cannula.The gas may then be forced into the lung at intervals, by alternately com- pressing and relaxing the bag.
Retreatment with interferon-riravirine according to viremia of interferon responder-relapser patients: French multicenter randomized controlled study
Authors: I. Portal, M. Bourlière, P. Halfon, V. De Lédinghen, P. Couzigou, P.H. Bernard, G. Botti, V. Gérolami, H. Khiri, P. Castellani, A. Gérolami, A.P. Gauthier, D. Botta-Fridlund
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Potent <i>In vivo</i> Anti–Breast Cancer Activity of IN-2001, a Novel Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase, in MMTV/c-Neu Mice
Authors: Ki E. Joung, Kyung N. Min, Jin Y. An, Dae-Kee Kim, Gu Kong, Y. Yhong Sheen
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract A novel synthetic inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), 3-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-N-hydroxy-2-propenamide (IN-2001), was examined for its antitumor activity and for the underlying molecular mechanisms of any such activity. IN-2001 effectively inhibited cellular HDAC activity (IC50, 5.42 nmol/L) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Based on the Western blot analysis, this HDAC inhibitory effect of IN-2001 was confirmed by an increase in histone H4 acetylation from the IN-2001-treated breast cancer cells. IN-2001 suppressed mammary tumor growth in MMTV/c-Neu transgenic mice and also showed higher apoptotic index and lower lymphatic invasion compared with controls. In human breast cancer cells (MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468), IN-2001 induced cell cycle arrest at G2-M phase through up-regulation of p21WAF1 and p27KIP1 and eventually caused apoptosis. IN-2001-induced apoptosis was caspase dependent and seems mediated through an increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Taken together, our data indicate that this novel HDAC inhibitor is a promising therapeutic agent against human breast cancer. (Cancer es 2006; 66(10): 5394-402)
Post–Cardiopulmonary Bypass Pulmonary Hypertension in Lambs With Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Authors: V. Mohan Reddy, Karen D. Hendricks-Munoz, Hiranya A. Rajasinghe, Edwin Petrossian, Frank L. Hanley, Jeffrey R. Fineman
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background After cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), pulmonary hypertension and its associated increased vascular reactivity are a major source of morbidity, particularly for children with increased pulmonary blood flow. Although post-CPB pulmonary hypertension is well described, its mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Plasma levels of endothelin 1, a potent vasoactive substance implicated in pulmonary hypertension, are increased after CPB. The purpose of the present study was threefold: to characterize the changes in pulmonary vascular resistance and vascular reactivity induced by hypothermic CPB; to investigate the effects of preexisting increased pulmonary blood flow on these changes; and to better define the role of endothelin 1 in the pathogenesis of post-CPB pulmonary hypertension. Methods and Results Vascular pressures and blood flows were monitored in 14 1-month-old lambs with increased pulmonary blood flow (after in utero placement of an aortopulmonary shunt) and 6 age-matched control lambs. During the 2-hour study period after 105.3±20.6 minutes of hypothermic CPB, the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly augmented in lambs with increased pulmonary blood flow compared with control lambs ( P &lt;.05). Pretreatment with PD 145065 (a nonselective endothelin receptor blocker; 50 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 ) completely blocked this increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and blocked the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in response to acute alveolar hypoxia after CPB (96.3±88.5% versus −9.7±16.4%; P &lt;.05). Plasma endothelin 1 levels increased after CPB in all lambs. Conclusions Preexisting increased pulmonary blood flow alters the response of the pulmonary circulation to hypothermic CPB; the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance induced by CPB is augmented in lambs with increased pulmonary blood flow. Pretreatment with endothelin 1 receptor blockers eliminated the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and the pulmonary vasoconstricting response to alveolar hypoxia, suggesting a role for endothelin 1 in post-CPB pulmonary hypertension. Endothelin 1 receptor blockers may decrease morbidity in children at risk for pulmonary hypertension after surgical repair with CPB and warrants further study.
PYONEPHROSIS WITH A KIDNEY-COLON FISTULA.
Authors: GEORGE E. McLAUGHLIN
Journal: JAMA (1903)

<i>History</i>.—The patient, a man, aged 37; white; occupation railroad conductor; entered the service of Dr. Gordon K. Dickinson at Christ Hospital, Jersey City, for operation, with a diagnosis of vesical calculus. Family history was negative. The patient had the usual diseases of childhood; twenty-five years ago an attack of typhoid fever; five years later a gonorrhea and a slight stricture of the urethra. He uses tobacco and alcoholics in moderation. Two and one-half years ago he began to complain of a burning sensation, and often severe pain on micturition, with interference to the free passage of urine, and at times a sudden stoppage during the act of passing it. He states that he has never passed blood in his urine. Lately he noticed that he was losing weight and appetite. He states he has had no chills or fever since the attack of typhoid fever 25 years ago. He
Tromethamine Buffer Modifies the Depressant Effect of Permissive Hypercapnia on Myocardial Contractility in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: THOMAS WEBER, HEINZ TSCHERNICH, CHRISTIAN SITZWOHL, ROMAN ULLRICH, PETER GERMANN, MICHAEL ZIMPFER, ROBERT N. SLADEN, GÜNTER HUEMER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), permissive hypercapnia is a strategy to decrease airway pressures to prevent ventilator-induced lung damage by lowering tidal volumes and tolerating higher arterial carbon dioxide tension. However, in experimental studies hypercapnia impairs myocardial contractility and hemodynamic function. We investigated the effect of short-term permissive hypercapnia on myocardial contractility and hemodynamics in patients with ARDS. We hypothesized that the administration of tromethamine (THAM), a buffer which does not increase carbon dioxide production, would modify these changes. In 12 patients with ARDS, permissive hypercapnia was implemented for 2 h with a target PaCO2 of 80 mm Hg. Patients were randomized to have respiratory acidosis corrected by THAM (pH-corrected group), or not corrected (pH-uncorrected group). Hemodynamic responses were measured, and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was used to determine myocardial contractility. Permissive hypercapnia resulted in significant decreases in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and increases in cardiac output (Q˙). Myocardial contractility decreased in both groups but significantly less in the pH-corrected group (approximately 10%) than in the pH-uncorrected group (approximately 18%, p < 0.05). Mean arterial pressure decreased and mean pulmonary arterial pressure increased significantly only in the pH-uncorrected group. All values returned to baseline conditions 1 h after permissive hypercapnia was terminated. Our study demonstrates a reversible depression of myocardial contractility and hemodynamic alterations during rapid permissive hypercapnia which were attenuated by buffering with THAM. This may have applicability to the clinical strategy of permissive hypercapnia and allow the benefit of decreased airway pressures to be realized while minimizing the adverse hemodynamic effects of hypercapnic acidosis.
A Cover Without Art
Authors: Jacques Pye
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —A Cover Without Art by Dr Southgate 1 poignantly illustrates the loss to our society caused by AIDS; however, the loss to our society caused by abortion eclipses that caused by AIDS. Each year, over 1 million first cries are never heard because of abortion. More people are lost in 1 year than have ever been lost to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Just think of the number of books that will never be written, of the music never composed, of the scientific discoveries never found, of the joys never shared because of the lives lost to abortion.  When will the American Medical Association wake up and treat those lost to abortion with the same dignity and respect it gives to those lost to AIDS? When will JAMA print A Cover Without Art for the innocents who have been forever lost to abortion?
PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF PORENCEPHALY
Authors: E. LENNARD BERNSTEIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1939)

Seven cases of porencephaly are presented from a psychiatric point of view. Patients with lesions in the frontal lobes seemed to present a slightly different picture from that of patients with lesions in other parts of the brain. The group, however, did not present any features which are thought to be specific for this type of epileptic patient, except perhaps a rather consistently occurring inability to concentrate. It is felt that the diagnosis of porencephaly should not be ruled out in the case of any epileptic until even slight neurological irregularities have been investigated. Porencephalics may exhibit abnormalities of behavior in many spheres for years before any convulsive phenomena occur. Patients with porencephaly should receive social and psychiatric as well as medical and surgical treatment.
ASSESSMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY STENT RESTENOSIS USING 256-MULTISLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (256-MSCT)
Authors: Koichiro Asawa, Ueda Hiroshi, Kido Atsumichi, Natsuyama Kenji, Yoshida Naohiro, Sasaki Yasushi, Kuga Yukiko, Yamasaki Masahiro, Ueda Kazuya, Nishida Yasunori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 10720: Automatic Detection of Early Repolarization in Standard 12-Lead Electrocardiography
Authors: Tuomas Kenttä, Jani T Tikkanen, Kimmo Porthan, Lasse Oikarinen, Heikki Väänänen, Matti Viitasalo, Hannu Karanko, Maarit Laaksonen, Heikki V Huikuri
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Purpose: Early repolarization pattern (ER), is defined as an elevation of the QRS-ST junction in at least two inferior (II, III, aVF) or lateral (I, aVL, V4-V6) leads of standard 12-lead electrocar...
In HF, angiotensin–neprilysin inhibition reduced mortality and HF hospitalization compared with enalapril
Authors: Brian P. Schmitt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation McMurray JJ, Packer M, Desai AS, et al; PARADIGM-HF Investigators and Committees. Angiotensin–neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:993-1004. 25176015
RUPTURED SPLEEN AFTER TRIFLING MISHAPS: A RECORD OF TWO CASES
Authors: H. Dodd
Journal: BMJ (1934)

RUPTURED SPLEEN AFTER TRIFLING MISHAPS fTHE B RTSq in the ordinary, followed by a deliberate attempt to massage the clot into the subsidiary, branch.If this failed the operation would be proceeded with on normal lines and the artery opened.It is likely that the alter- native method will not always succeed; in the late cases it certainly cannot, but it is worth a trial.I must be very explicit as to my exact meaning, for I think that no greater disservice could be done a patient than a haphazard breaking up of the clot by finger pressure, allowing the resulting smaller emboli to go free in the circulation.We should then have multiplicity and small size of emboli, two factors which I have come to regard as nost un- favourable.It is far easier to remove an embolus from the femoral artery than from the posterior tibial, so that if the clot cannot be persuaded into the profunda femoris, for example, it must at once be removed by arteriotomy without for one instant relaxing the clamps or temporary ligatures which are preventing the escape of the clot.
The Importance of Diagnosing the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Rogerio A. Lobo, Enrico Carmina
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common disorder that occurs in 4% to 7% of women of reproductive age. Although PCOS is known to be associated with reproductive morbidity and increased risk for endometrial cancer, diagnosis is especially important because PCOS is now thought to increase metabolic and cardiovascular risks. These risks are strongly linked to insulin resistance and are compounded by the common occurrence of obesity, although insulin resistance and its associated risks are also present in nonobese women with PCOS. Women with PCOS are at increased risk for impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Cardiovascular disease is believed to be more prevalent in women with PCOS, and it has been estimated that such women also have a significantly increased risk for myocardial infarction. Many lipid abnormalities (most notably low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and elevated triglyceride levels) and impaired fibrinolysis are seen in women with PCOS. Early diagnosis of the syndrome and close long-term follow-up and screening for diabetes and cardiovascular disease are warranted. An opportunity exists for preventive therapy, which should improve the reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular risks.