tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 81-1962
Authors: Derek E. Denny-Brown, Edward P. Richardson, Richard B. Cohen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Presentation of CaseA two-and-a-half-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of difficulty in walking.The child's early development was apparently normal. She rolled over at six months, sat unaided at nine months and by one year of age pulled herself to a standing position and said a few words. At thirteen months of age she began to walk and soon could take several steps unassisted. Subsequently, her ability to walk decreased progressively, and by eighteen months walking was severely impaired. Her legs became stiff and bent backward at the knees, and she fell frequently. She hunched forward when . . .
Penicillin Prophylaxis Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Lawrence Gould
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Cardiac catheterization, by providing a portal of entry for pathogenic organisms, may lead to bacterial endocarditis. Antibiotic prophylaxis before, during, and after cardiac catheterization has been widely recommended. Nonetheless, there has never been a prospective study which supports the effectiveness of such prophylaxis. On the contrary, Kriedberg and Chernoff<sup>1</sup>reported that antibiotic prophylaxis in infants and children did not lower the incidence of significant bacterial cultures or fever following cardiac catheterization. They concluded that the use of antibiotics is not warranted prior to cardiac catheterization. Bacterial endocarditis is very uncommon in children.<sup>2</sup>Their conclusions, therefore, cannot be necessarily applied to the adult patient. Our study was performed to determine whether or not the practice of penicillin prophylaxis has merit in an adult group undergoing cardiac catheterization. <h3>Method:—</h3> Two groups of adult male patients were included in this study. The first group consisted of 64 patients;
From Hooper to Hohensee
Authors: James Harvey Young
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Surveying the historical development of patent medicine advertising, a commentator once concluded: "There has been no evolution; the medical advertisement sprang into existence fully matured." In one sense, perhaps, this historian was right. Building on centuries of oral harangues by itinerant pitchmen, the first printed advertisements could take advantage of time-tested appeals to the credulous. In the 17th and 18th centuries, handbills and newspaper promotion displayed remarkable ingenuity in manipulating the fears and hopes which move a suffering humanity. In another sense, if we take American nostrum history as an example, there has been change. Six main periods can be designated. First are the years of colonial subservience to the mother country, years of "immaturity and imitation." Next, in the decades following the Revolution, American medicine makers declare their independence: nostrums are "proud and patriotic." Third, in the vigor of westward expansion and the exaltation of the common man, patent
Bleeding Risk on Warfarin Among Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Andrew Cowan, Elaine M. Hylek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)

Poli et al. ([1][1]) observed different rates of major hemorrhage between patients younger than 80 years of age and 80 years of age and older. As discussed by the authors, these rates differed considerably from the rates of major hemorrhage observed among similarly aged cohorts by Hylek et al. ([2][
Atherogenic Lipoprotein Particles in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rafael Carmena, Patrick Duriez, Jean-Charles Fruchart
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The importance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the development of atherosclerosis has long been recognized, and LDL cholesterol remains the primary target of therapy for the prevention of coronary heart disease. Nevertheless, increasing research attention over the past decade has been devoted to the heterogeneity of LDL particles and the atherogenicity of lipids and lipoproteins other than LDL. Particularly atherogenic forms of LDL include small, dense LDL particles and oxidized LDL. All lipoproteins that contain apolipoprotein B, such as LDL, very-low-density lipoprotein, and intermediate-density lipoprotein, tend to promote atherosclerosis; however, these particles differ in their apolipoprotein and triglyceride content. High levels of plasma triglycerides increase the risk of acute coronary events. Lipoprotein(a) is now considered an independent risk factor in both men and women. Ultimately, better understanding of the roles of these lipid particles and subfractions in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis may affect treatment decisions.
194 RISK-FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC REJECTION DURING ANTIVIRAL THERAPY OF POST-TRANSPLANT RECURRENT HEPATITIS C: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: I. Fernandez, E. Ulloa, C. Jimenez, F. Colina, A. Gimeno, M. Abradelo, R. Munoz, M.L. Manzano, G. Castellano, J.C. Meneu, E. Moreno, J.A. Solis-Herruzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Viral markers in the treatment of hepatitis B and C.
Authors: H Schmilovitz-Weiss, M Levy, N Thompson, G Dusheiko
Journal: Gut (1993)

Acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is typically distinguished from chronic disease by a positive IgM anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) test. Patients with chronic hepatitis B remain hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, often with raised serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, for more than six months. The presence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV-DNA correlates with infectivity (although patients infected with the pre-core mutated virus may be HBeAg negative). Immunity after HBV infection is characterised by the presence of anti-HBs and anti-HBc antibodies. Patients who respond to interferon alfa treatment lose HBV-DNA and HBeAg from serum and their ALT values return to normal; some also lose HBsAg and acquire anti-HBs. Diagnosis of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains largely dependent on history and exclusion, as anti-HCV antibodies may appear late or never at all, although HCV-RNA may be detectable on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) within days of infection. Second generation ELISAs detect a range of anti-HCV antibodies in chronic infections, and confirmatory RIBAs have reduced the incidence of false-positive results. Direct tests for HCV antigens in serum are not yet available, although PCR testing for HCV-RNA can be used to confirm viraemia. Patients who respond to interferon alfa treatment show continuous normalisation of serum ALT values, and some lose HCV-RNA. Relapse occurs in about half of all those who respond.
Induction of a chemoattractive proinflammatory cytokine response after stimulation of keratinocytes with Propionibacterium acnes and coproporphyrin III
Authors: M. Schaller, M. Loewenstein, C. Borelli, K. Jacob, M. Vogeser, W.H.C. Burgdorf, G. Plewig
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Induction of a chemoattractive proinflammatory cytokine response after stimulation of keratinocytes with Propionibacterium acnes and coproporphyrin III Get access M. Schaller, M. Schaller Department of Dermatology and AllergologyDepartment of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany Martin Schaller. E‐mail: Martin.Schaller@med.uni‐tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Loewenstein, M. Loewenstein Department of Dermatology and Allergology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Borelli, C. Borelli Department of Dermatology and Allergology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Jacob, K. Jacob Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Vogeser, M. Vogeser Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.H.C. Burgdorf, W.H.C. Burgdorf Department of Dermatology and Allergology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Plewig G. Plewig Department of Dermatology and Allergology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 1, 1 July 2005, Pages 66–71, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06530.x Published: 01 July 2005 Article history Accepted: 16 October 2004 Published: 01 July 2005
Ultrastructural evidence for the origin of mast cells in normal human bone marrow
Authors: Nagahito Saito, Nobuo Takemori, Noriko Tachibana, Naoyuki Hayashishita
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Whether the origin of the progenitor of mast cells occurs in the basophil/mast cell system or the myeloid cell system of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages remains controversial. Lactoferrin or lysozyme is known to be present in the myeloid cell system. By electron microscopy, antibodies against lactoferrin and lysozyme were observed to stain the granules of normal bone marrow mast cells. This supports the proposal that the precursor cell of bone marrow mast cells is nearer to the myeloid cell system than the basophil/mast cell system.
Community, Constituency, and Morbidity: Applying Chervenak and McCullough's Criteria
Authors: Geetha Shivakumar, Stephen Inrig, John Z. Sadler
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2011)

Chervenak and McCullough (2011) present a different approach to conceptualizing research ethics in evaluating clinical investigations for pregnant women and fetal patients. In our understanding of ...
Treatment of in-stent restenosis by combining cutting balloon angioplasty and vascular brachytherapy: a report from the RENO registry
Authors: Eric Eeckhout, Hristian Roguelov, Edoardo De Benedetti, Philippe Coucke, Sigmund Silber, Remo Albiero, Thomas Schiele, Raoul Bonan, Philip Urban
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
End to rubella in US thwarted by unvaccinated, foreign born population
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Rubella, or German measles, is nearing extinction in the United States, but sporadic outbreaks—mainly among unvaccinated, foreign born residents—still occur, posing new challenges for its eradication, says a report written by investigators from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ( JAMA 2002; 287:464-72).

Before mandatory childhood vaccination against rubella in 1969, congenital …
Stopping or Reporting Early for Positive Results in Randomized Clinical Trials: The National Cancer Institute Cooperative Group Experience From 1990 to 2005
Authors: Edward L. Korn, Boris Freidlin, Margaret Mooney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Randomized clinical trials are designed with stopping boundaries to guide data monitoring committees with their decision making concerning ongoing trials. In particular, when extremely positive results are seen and a boundary is crossed, the data monitoring committee may recommend releasing the results earlier to the public than at the definitive final analysis time specified in the protocol. For trials that are still accruing, this also means stopping accrual. Because the information about treatment efficacy is more limited in an early analysis than in a final analysis, questions have been raised about the appropriateness of incorporating early stopping for positive results in trial designs. In particular, there are concerns that treatment effects seen early may not be real or may be overly optimistic. To examine this issue, we collected information about treatment efficacy on National Cancer Institute Cooperative Group trials that were stopped early for positive results (information both at the time the trial was stopped/released and at times of further follow-up). Twenty-seven such trials were located. For 17 of 18 of these trials with sufficient follow-up information, the treatment effect was similar or only slightly smaller at last follow-up compared with the stopping/release time. We critically evaluate reasons why one might be concerned about early stopping for positive results. We conclude that for trials with well-designed interim monitoring plans, the ability to stop early for positive results is an important component of the trial design, allowing the public to benefit as soon as possible from the study conclusions.
Alcoholic fatty liver disease elevates estimated coronary heart disease risk to levels comparable with those of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Korean population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hai Jin Kim, Jeong Han Kim, Won Hyeok Choe, So Young Kwon, Chang Hong Lee
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

See the commentary-article "Are patients with alcohol-related fatty liver at increased risk of coronary heart disease?" on page 151.
VALUE AND HAZARDS OF INTRAVENOUS PROCAINE AMIDE ("PRONESTYL") THERAPY
Authors: Norman S. Stearns
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Procaine amide ("pronestyl") was recently introduced as an agent for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Procaine amide (<i>p</i>-amino-N-[2-diethylaminoethyl] benzamide hydrochloride) differs from procaine by the presence of the amide grouping (. CO. NH. ) instead of the ester grouping (. CO. O. ) present in the latter.<sup>1</sup>Available data indicate that this drug, unlike procaine, is not readily hydrolyzed by plasma enzymes and that plasma procaine amide levels persist for several hours rather than for a few minutes, as in the case of procaine. These data imply a longer duration of action for procaine amide than for procaine. Procaine amide, unlike procaine,<sup>2</sup>can be administered rather rapidly by the intravenous route to conscious unanesthetized patients without, as a rule, producing convulsions or other signs of central nervous system stimulation. In addition, it may be administered in effective antiarrhythmic doses by the oral route.<sup>3</sup> Our study concerned the immediate clinical effects
Atopy and nonspecific bronchial responsiveness. A population-based assessment. Spanish Group of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey.
Authors: J B Soriano, A Tobías, M Kogevinas, J Sunyer, M Saez, J Martínez-Moratalla, J Ramos, J A Maldonado, F Payo, J M Antó
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The relative importance of specific immunoresponse in explaining nonspecific bronchial responsiveness (BR) has scarcely been examined. We provide quantitative estimates of the proportion of BR attributable to specific atopy to different common aeroallergens. We used data from a cross-sectional study on a random sample of the general population 20 to 44 yr of age from five Spanish areas. There were 1,816 participants who performed a methacholine challenge and had atopy assessed. BR was defined as a 20% or more fall in FEV1. Atopy was assessed by measuring serum-specific IgE or skin tests to cat, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, timothy grass, olive, birch, Parietaria, or ragweed. The strongest associations between BR and specific IgE response were against timothy grass (prevalence rate ratio = 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.6), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus = 1.64 (1.2 to 2.2), and olive = 2.36 (1.5 to 3.7), all after adjustment by age, sex, area of residence, smoking, and a positive response to any of the other eight allergens measured. The population attributable risk of BR for a positive response to any of the nine allergens measured was 20.96% (10.2 to 43.2%) when adjusting for area of residence, age, sex, and smoking. Nonspecific bronchial responsiveness in the general population was found to be related to atopy against single specific allergens, but the population risk attributable to atopy may be lower than previously suggested.
Constitutional aneuploidy and cancer predisposition caused by biallelic mutations in BUB1B
Authors: Sandra Hanks, Kim Coleman, Sarah Reid, Alberto Plaja, Helen Firth, David FitzPatrick, Alexa Kidd, Károly Méhes, Richard Nash, Nathanial Robin, Nora Shannon, John Tolmie, John Swansbury, Alexandre Irrthum, Jenny Douglas, Nazneen Rahman
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
THROMBOTIC AND INFLAMMATORY MECHANISMS IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS: DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF FIBRINOGEN GENETIC VARIABILITY
Authors: Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Dimitris Tousoulis, George Hatzis, Antigoni Miliou, Maria Kozanitou, Emmanuel Androulakis, Gerasimos Siasos, Marietta Charakida, Costas Tsioufis, Zoi Pallantza, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Evaluation of the Impact of Podiatrist Care in the Primary Prevention of Foot Problems in Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Tapani Rönnemaa, Helena Hämäläinen, Tuula Toikka, Irmeli Liukkonen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of podiatrist activities on the outpatient care of diabetic patients in terms of knowledge of diabetic foot care, self-care, and minor foot problems. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS There were 733 patients, aged 10–79 years, identified from the national diabetes register. Patients without recent visits to a podiatrist and without an obvious need for foot care were randomized into a podiatric care group (education and primary prevention measures, n = 267) and a control group (written instructions only, n = 263). The patients were examined by an independent study podiatrist at baseline and after 1 year. RESULTS Patients in the podiatrist group had greater improvement in knowledge of diabetic foot care (P = 0.004) and self-care (P &amp;lt; 0.001) scores compared with control subjects. The prevalence of callosities in regions other than the calcaneal region decreased more (P = 0.009) in the podiatrist group (from 54.5 to 39.5%) than in the control group (from 51.3 to 48.2%), and the size of the callosities decreased more (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in the podiatrist group than in the control group. Reduction in the prevalence of callosities was associated with younger age (&amp;lt; 50 years). CONCLUSIONS Education and primary preventive measures provided individually by a podiatrist result in significant improvements in knowledge and foot self-care scores and in improvements in the prevalence of some minor foot problems. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate whether the intervention of podiatrists starting at an early phase would lead to a reduction in major foot problems.
Tuberculoma of the Brain
Authors: John A. Damergis
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Four patients with cerebral tuberculomas had presenting manifestations that included seizure disorder, exophthalmos, or extremity weakness. Although rare in this country, this diagnosis should not be overlooked in such patients, since combined surgical and medical therapy may be curative. (<i>JAMA</i>239:413-415, 1978)
Strep A, Neuropsychiatric Disorders Tie Found
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Can We Keep It Simple?
Authors: Mark S. Schreiner
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
National Trends in Statin Use by Coronary Heart Disease Risk Category
Authors: Jun Ma, Niraj L Sehgal, John Z Ayanian, Randall S Stafford
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Only limited research tracks United States trends in the use of statins recorded during outpatient visits, particularly use by patients at moderate to high cardiovascular risk.Data collected between 1992 and 2002 in two federally administered surveys provided national estimates of statin use among ambulatory patients, stratified by coronary heart disease risk based on risk factor counting and clinical diagnoses. Statin use grew from 47% of all lipid-lowering medications in 1992 to 87% in 2002, with atorvastatin being the leading medication in 2002. Statin use by patients with hyperlipidemia, as recorded by the number of patient visits, increased significantly from 9% of patient visits in 1992 to 49% in 2000 but then declined to 36% in 2002. Absolute increases in the rate of statin use were greatest for high-risk patients, from 4% of patient visits in 1992 to 19% in 2002. Use among moderate-risk patients increased from 2% of patient visits in 1992 to 14% in 1999 but showed no continued growth subsequently. In 2002, 1 y after the release of the Adult Treatment Panel III recommendations, treatment gaps in statin use were detected for more than 50% of outpatient visits by moderate- and high-risk patients with reported hyperlipidemia. Lower statin use was independently associated with younger patient age, female gender, African American race (versus non-Hispanic white), and non-cardiologist care.Despite notable improvements in the past decade, clinical practice fails to institute recommended statin therapy during many ambulatory visits of patients at moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk. Innovative approaches are needed to promote appropriate, more aggressive statin use for eligible patients.
New Mastoid Drill.
Authors: B. A. WASHBURN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

I present herewith two illustrations of my mastoid drill or gouge. This instrument I have used almost exclusively in place of the regular gouges for mastoid work, and as it has proven very practical, it may be of interest to other members of the profession. Consisting of the combination of a bicycle lantern, mirror and bar, and a walking-stick, for illumination of the rectum at the bed-side. Thos. Chas. Martin, M.D., Cleveland.