tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of the Limb Manifestations and Exercise Limitations in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: William R. Hiatt, Ehrin J. Armstrong, Christopher J. Larson, Eric P. Brass
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Patients with peripheral artery disease have a marked reduction in exercise performance and daily ambulatory activity irrespective of their limb symptoms of classic or atypical claudication. This review will evaluate the multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the exercise impairment in peripheral artery disease based on an evaluation of the current literature and research performed by the authors. Peripheral artery disease results in atherosclerotic obstructions in the major conduit arteries supplying the lower extremities. This arterial disease process impairs the supply of oxygen and metabolic substrates needed to match the metabolic demand generated by active skeletal muscle during walking exercise. However, the hemodynamic impairment associated with the occlusive disease process does not fully account for the reduced exercise impairment, indicating that additional pathophysiologic mechanisms contribute to the limb manifestations. These mechanisms include a cascade of pathophysiological responses during exercise-induced ischemia and reperfusion at rest that are associated with endothelial dysfunction, oxidant stress, inflammation, and muscle metabolic abnormalities that provide opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions to address the complex pathophysiology of the exercise impairment in peripheral artery disease.
Abstract 710: Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus OBP-301 kills quiescent peritonially disseminated cancer cells.
Authors: Shuya Yano, Hiroshi Tazawa, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract MKN45 human gastric cancer cells can develop peritonitis carninomatosa where the cancer cells form aggregated structures. The cells are mostly in G0/G1 phase, as imaged by fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI). However, most cytotoxic agents target only proliferating cancer cells. The telomerase-specific adenovirus, OBP-301 was injected into the peritoneal cavity 7 days after inoculation of FUCCI-expressing MKN45. Control mice had approximately 5 ml bloody ascites with big tumor masses in the peritoneal cavity after 60 days. Cisplatin-treated mice also had approximately 5 ml bloody ascites with a big tumor masses in the peritoneal cavity. Paclitaxel-treated mice also had big tumor masses. There were many tumor spheres in the bloody ascites, and the tumors in the peritoneal cavity consisted of cancer cells mostly in G0/G1 phase. In contrast, OBP-301 treated mice had no ascites and only small tumor nodules consisting of cancer cells in S/G2 phases in the peritoneal cavity. These data suggest that OBP-301 is effective against peritonially disseminated cancer cells which are mostly in G0/G1. Citation Format: Shuya Yano, Hiroshi Tazawa, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Robert M. Hoffman. Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus OBP-301 kills quiescent peritonially disseminated cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 710. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-710
SEVERE DERMATITIS DURING TREATMENT WITH NOVARSENOBILLON
Authors: L. G. Leonard
Journal: BMJ (1919)

SEVERE DERMATITIS AFTER NOVARSENOBILLON.TFBICALJN 773 from the first, and we should keep our suspicion alive until repeated examinations for the spirocliaete have yielded a succession of negative results.Theoretically the spiroclhaete ouglht to be discoverable from the time of inoculation.Practically it is readily discoveted in an untreated sore witlin a day or two of its appearance.Even in a sore that lhas been dressed constantly with anti- septics, patience and repeat3d examninations will sooner or later reveal it.As thie time factor is of incalculable importance in the treatment of syphilis, much misery, serious ill lhealtlh, and possibly tragedy, may be avoided if the diagnosis is established early.
The Physician: A Professional Under Stress
Authors: Elissa P. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Dr Francis Braceland comments in the foreword that this book gives an overview of some of the physician's problems taking place in the wings, while the doctor in his professional capacity occupies center stage.<i>The Physician</i>, indeed, does give an overview of the personal and professional problems of many physicians. The book begins with an overview of life as a medical student, intern, and resident and the stresses the developing professional faces in each of these roles. Following this is a section on the troubled physician, including material describing the divorced physician, the addicted physician, the alcoholic physician, and physician suicide. The third section of the book deals with the minority physician, ie, female, Afro-American, physically handicapped, gay and lesbian physicians, and foreign medical graduates and retired practitioners. Most of the material presented is covered in an overview, with less explored in great depth. It is always fun to read
European surveillance network to be set up
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Dutch health minister Professor Els Borst-Eilers has hailed the unanimous decision to set up a European network for the surveillance of infectious diseases as a “revolution in cooperation” in public health.

Agreement was reached after a lengthy debate at the European Council of Ministers in Luxembourg last week, which was chaired by Professor Borst as part of the Dutch presidency of the European Union.

European ministers also passed a resolution on exchanging information on doctors who are guilty of serious …
Management of Acute Gastro-intestinal Bleeding
Authors: J. P. Hughes, L. Burkinshaw
Journal: BMJ (1962)

The design of an indicator is often-indeed usuallythought to be the business of the engineer, perhaps aided by someone-an artist or a ' stylist '-who adds an aesthetic touch, a twiddly bit, a strip of chromium, a dash of paint, or better still several dashes in clashing colours, of which a bilious yellow will be one.But in this problem of indicator design, machine and man meet in a relationship, for example, in the aircraft cockpit which must be regarded by engineer and human biologist together.Anatomy, physiology and psychology all come in to form what is sometimes known as human engineering, which means humanizing the machine, but not mechanizing the human.This attitude was present in embryo before the last war, during which it received considerable support from the armed Forces, and to-day they still possess permanent committee machinery for bringing together the engineering and biological points of view.Unfortunately, industry in general has been slower to grasp the importance of this relationship.
Thrombophlebitis — The Problem of Treatment
Authors: Hollis L. Albright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

MUCH has been done by members of the New England Surgical Society and their associates leading to greater understanding of thromboembolism. A recent thorough and searching review by Homans1 is classic in its contribution both to the student and to the clinician responsible to his patient. In the light of this and with exceeding deference, some of the problems arising in the approach to the patient with acute thrombosis of the deep veins of the extremities are discussed. The widespread consideration of this problem from many points of view attests to the uncertainty concerning any single most effective method of . . .
Kaposi's Sarcoma and the HLA-Dr5 Alloantigen
Authors: NARUMI OHARA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1982Kaposi's Sarcoma and the HLA-Dr5 AlloantigenNARUMI OHARA, M.D., SHIH-WEN CHANG, M.D.NARUMI OHARA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SHIH-WEN CHANG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-4-617_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Morris and associates (1) stated that "a genetic predisposition has been described for Kaposi's sarcoma. Persons having the HLA-Dr5 alloantigen have a 5.5-fold greater risk for developing the tumor." We would like to point out that this is an erroneous interpretation of data presented by Friedman-Kien and associates (2) in the same issue. Friedman-Kien and associates saw a significant increase in the frequency of Dr5 alloantigen in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma relative to the control group regardless of their sexual preference. They concluded that "these figures show a relative risk of 5.57 of possessing the Dr5 allele...References1. MORRIS L, DISTENFELD A, AMOROSI E, and KARPATKIN S. Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96(6 Pt 1): 714-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FRIEDMAN-KIEN A, LAUBENSTEIN L, and RUBINSTEIN P. Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96(6 Pt 1):693-700. LinkGoogle Scholar1. ANDERSON S, AUQUIER A, HAUK W, OAKES D, VANDAELE W, and WEISBERG H. The odds ratio and the relative risk in case-control studies. In: Statistical Methods for Comparative Studies. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1980:43-4. Google Scholar2. FRIEDMAN G. Data analysis. In: Primer of Epidemiology. New York: McGraw Hill; 1980:109-10. Google Scholar3. MIETTINEN D. Estimability and estimation in case-referent studies. Am J Epidemiol. 1976;103:226-35. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FRIEDMAN-KIEN A, LAUBENSTEIN L, and RUBINSTEIN P. Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:(6 Pt 1):693-700. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NARUMI OHARA, M.D.; SHIH-WEN CHANG, M.D.Affiliations: University of Chicago Medical Center Chicago, IL 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1982Volume 97, Issue 4Page: 617-617KeywordsAllelesGenetic predispositionKaposi sarcomaRelative risk ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
The effect of oxidized lipids in the diet on serum lipoprotein peroxides in control and diabetic rats.
Authors: I Staprans, J H Rapp, X M Pan, K R Feingold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The levels of oxidized serum lipoproteins are increased in humans and animals with diabetes. We have examined the contribution of dietary oxidized lipids on the levels of oxidized lipoproteins. In both control and streptozocin induced diabetic rats, the oxidized lipid content of mesenteric lymph chylomicrons (CM) increased when increasing quantities of oxidized lipids were administered intragastrically. However, at all levels of administered oxidized lipids, the quantity of oxidized lipids in CM was greater in the diabetic animals. These results indicate that oxidized lipids are absorbed and packaged into CM and suggest that there is increased absorption of oxidized lipids in diabetic animals. In nondiabetic rats fed a fat-free diet, the levels of oxidized lipids in their serum lipoproteins were very low. When oxidized lipids were added to the diet, the quantity of peroxides in serum lipoproteins increased about fivefold. In diabetic animals fed a fat-free diet, there were also very low levels of oxidized lipids in their serum lipoproteins, and there was no difference between control and diabetic rats. However, when diabetic animals were fed a diet containing oxidized lipids, the quantity of oxidized lipids in their serum lipoproteins increased 16-fold and were significantly greater than in controls. Thus, in both control and diabetic rats the quantity of oxidized lipids in the diet largely determines the levels of oxidized lipids in circulating lipoproteins. However, in diabetic animals the effect of diet is more pronounced. Together with the CM studies, these results demonstrate that dietary oxidized lipids make a major contribution to the levels of oxidized lipids in circulating lipoproteins and indicate that increased absorption of oxidized lipids in diabetic animals may play a role in the elevation of oxidized lipoproteins observed in this disorder.
Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis
Authors: Terry K. Satterwhite
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Seven patients with primary cutaneous nocardiosis were seen during a 20-month period. Six patients had a history of local trauma to an extremity or did frequent yard work. The spectrum of clinical disease included cellulitis, pustules,pyoderma, or lymphocutaneous syndrome mimicking sporotrichosis. Evidence of Nocardia infection elsewhere was absent, and no patient had a serious underlying disease. Nocardia brasiliensis was isolated from four cases, and N asteroides was identified in the other three patients. In two patients, disease resolved without chemotherapy, while a short course of a sulfonamide with or without trimethoprim therapy was successful in the remaining cases. The relatively benign nature of this disease, the usual failure to obtain cultures of superficial skin infections, and our accumulation of seven cases in less than two years suggest this disease is more common than previously recognized.
Role of Na(+)-H+ exchange in mediating effects of endothelin-1 on normal and ischemic/reperfused hearts.
Authors: N Khandoudi, J Ho, M Karmazyn
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Endothelin (ET) has been shown to be elevated under conditions of cardiac pathology and to produce diverse cardiac effects, including coronary constriction and a positive inotropic influence. We characterized the concentration- and time-dependent effects of the most potent of the ET isoforms, ET-1 (0.4, 2, and 4 nmol/L), on myocardial contractility and coronary resistance and assessed its effects on the ischemic and reperfused heart. Because ET-1 has been shown to activate the Na(+)-H+ exchanger in cardiac myocytes, we determined the contribution of the antiport by examining the effects of ET-1 in the presence of the Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor methylisobutyl amiloride (MIA). At all three concentrations, ET-1 produced an initial positive inotropic effect that was reversed with continued perfusion, the degree of the reversal being dependent on ET-1 concentration. With 0.4 nmol/L, contractility returned to pre-ET-1 values, whereas after 75 minutes of perfusion with 4 nmol/L ET-1, contractility was depressed by 75%. At all concentrations, ET-1 produced a coronary-constricting effect, whereas an elevation in resting tension was observed only with 4 nmol/L ET-1. MIA significantly prevented the positive inotropic effect of ET-1 but had no effect on loss in function or elevation in resting tension produced by 4 nmol/L ET-1. Furthermore, MIA partially, but not significantly, attenuated the constricting effects of all ET-1 concentrations. In the ischemic heart, 0.4 nmol/L ET-1 appeared to delay the loss in contractility produced by cessation of flow, although the effect was not significant. Higher concentrations of ET-1 were without effect on ischemia-induced contractile depression, although their presence produced a marked elevation in resting tension during ischemia that was attenuated by MIA. Recovery in contractility was reduced by all concentrations of ET-1, although the effects of the lowest concentration were associated primarily with defective relaxation. The depressant effects of ET-1 either in normal or ischemic/reperfused hearts were irreversible. The inhibitory effects of ET-1 on contractile recovery were associated with diminished tissue glycogen and elevated lactate levels. High-energy phosphates after reperfusion were depressed in hearts treated with 4 nmol/L ET-1. The attenuation in contractile recovery and alterations in metabolite content were prevented by MIA. These results provide evidence that ET-1 produces complex effects on heart function that are likely mediated via different mechanisms and demonstrate its ability to aggravate ischemic and reperfusion injury through a mechanism possibly involving Na(+)-H+ exchange activation.
Current Operative Urology
Authors: Alan H. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<i>Current Operative Urology</i>is a collection of articles from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. The "current" refers to commentaries by a variety of urologists at the end of each paper, bringing the particular subject up to date and adding an annotated bibliography to the original report. In this manner, Whitehead presents a historical review of the major urological advances over the past two decades. However, some of the papers are outdated and even with the additional material are not current in the sense of present practical methods and may be misleading in their emphasis. The paper by Emmett, published in 1963, advocates surgery for all renal masses, indicating that 2% to 3% of so-called cysts are found to be tumors. Current diagnostic techniques were not employed in the 1963 study. In the commentary, diagnostic ultrasound is not mentioned, a method that has aided in differentiating cyst from tumor.
EDEMA OF THE EYELIDS
Authors: S. JUDD BEACH
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Although edema of the lids is a trivial incident in the course of many diseases, those extreme instances that attain disfiguring proportions with no obvious origin constitute a major problem in diagnosis. I am submitting herewith the report of two such cases, curiously similar in appearance, but otherwise unrelated. When I first saw the patients, both showed trifling increase in temperature and malaise, with no local evidence of inflammation and no albuminuria. Yet they turned out to be diametrically opposite in origin. The first was a by-product of systemic infection; the second, a local disorder. <h3>REPORT OF CASES</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> —A woman, aged 22, was referred to my clinic at the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary, Sept. 22, 1923, complaining of swelling in the lids and cheeks of a few days' duration, usually greater on the right side, and subsiding slightly during the day. There had been no pain or
The Earliest Stages of B Cell Development Require a Chemokine Stromal Cell-Derived Factor/Pre-B Cell Growth-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Takeshi Egawa, Kenji Kawabata, Hiroshi Kawamoto, Kei Amada, Rika Okamoto, Nobutaka Fujii, Tadamitsu Kishimoto, Yoshimoto Katsura, Takashi Nagasawa
Journal: Immunity (2001)
Drugs for Macular Degeneration, Price Discrimination, and Medicare’s Responsibility Not to Overpay
Authors: Jonathan Silver
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methods of Coronary Revascularization — Things May Not Be as They Seem
Authors: Bernard J. Gersh, Robert L. Frye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

During the past three decades, randomized trials and registries have provided extensive evidence regarding the indications for and preferred method of coronary revascularization.1 The initial trials focused on indications for coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) versus medical therapy. Subsequent trials compared percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with medical therapy, and CABG with PTCA. These were followed by comparisons of PTCA with devices and stents; one trial compared coronary revascularization with medical therapy in elderly patients.2 The New York registries of CABG and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which were used in the study reported by Hannan et al. in this issue of . . .
Infantile and Adult-Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Authors: Alan K. Percy, Michael M. Kaback
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

IN certain sphingolipidoses, the age at onset of the disease correlates with the amount of detectable activity of the disease-related enzymes. Brady1 has previously shown an inverse correlation between the amount of residual enzyme activity and the rate of progression of clinical symptoms in both Gaucher's and Niemann-Pick disease. More recently a similar relation has been noted for the different forms of GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses.2,3 The occurrence of both early and late onset variants of sulfatide lipidosis or metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) after periods of apparently normal development has been explained theoretically in a similar manner.4MLD is . . .
Novel recurrent mutations in the RAS-like GTP-binding gene RIT1 in myeloid malignancies
Authors: I Gómez-Seguí, H Makishima, A Jerez, K Yoshida, B Przychodzen, S Miyano, Y Shiraishi, H D Husseinzadeh, K Guinta, M Clemente, N Hosono, M A McDevitt, A R Moliterno, M A Sekeres, S Ogawa, J P Maciejewski
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Imaging
Authors: Jerry W. Froelich
Journal: JAMA (1984)

I was quite pleased when asked to review this book because I was already halfway through it and enjoying it tremendously. Before the appearance of this text, the book Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Medicine (by Kaufman, Crooks, and Margulis [ JAMA 1982;247:3362]) was considered the definitive introductory textbook on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging in medicine. I am delighted to say that the book by Partain, James, Rollo, and Price will most likely assume this position.  The editors have brought together 91 contributors to this volume, many of whom are leaders in the field of NMR. The book contains 40 chapters divided into eight parts. The parts include Historical Perspectives, Physical Principles and Theoretical Background, Technology and Systems Engineering, Clinical Results, Clinical Potential, Benefits vs. Risks of NMR, Current Research and Development, and Conclusions and Future Directions.  With such a variety of contributors, it is extremely difficult for the editors
Hepatotoxicity of Mercaptopurine
Authors: Morton Einhorn, Israel Davidsohn
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In a study of 49 leukemic patients, jaundice occurred in 16 of 38 who were treated with mercaptopurine (6-mercaptopurine), but only in one of 11 not receiving the drug. In eight patients jaundice cleared up rapidly on cessation of mercaptopurine therapy, and there was a recurrence of jaundice in two who were rechallenged with the drug. Jaundice was frequently accompanied by oral lesions or leukopenia. Toxic effects occurred somewhat more frequently when the usual dose of 2.5 mg/kg per day was exceeded. All patients receiving mercaptopurine, especially those who developed oral lesions or leukopenia, should be observed for evidence of liver injury. The drug should be promptly discontinued at the first sign of hepatic dysfunction.