tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment-Resistant Depression and Axis II Comorbidity
Authors: Timothy Petersen, Megan Hughes, George I. Papakostas, Alexis Kant, Maurizio Fava, Jerrold F. Rosenbaum, Andrew A. Nierenberg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2002)

&lt;i&gt;Background: &lt;/i&gt;Researchers of unipolar depression have speculated that personality disturbance is a contributing factor in the development of treatment resistance. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of Axis II disorders between a sample of rigorously defined, treatment-resistant depressed outpatients and a sample of depressed outpatients not having experienced treatment resistance. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; 53 patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and 105 patients with non-treatment-resistant depression (non-TRD) were recruited through respective outpatient clinical trials at the Massachusetts General Hospital’s Depression Clinical and Research Program. Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder was made using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-III-R, personality disorders were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders, and antidepressant treatment resistance was defined using the McLean Hospital Antidepressant Treatment Record. Participants from both studies were matched for baseline HAM-D-17 total score and gender. Multiple chi-square analysis was used to compare frequencies of Axis II disorders between TRD and non-TRD patients as well as to compare categorical baseline demographic variables. Unpaired t tests were used to compare baseline demographic and clinical variables measured in a continuous manner. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Non-TRD patients had a higher rate of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder than TRD patients, but this difference was not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. No other differences were found to be statistically significant. Range of Axis II comorbidity was 0.0–30.2% for TRD patients and 2.9–37.1% for non-TRD patients. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; In this sample, treatment resistance in a current major depressive episode was not associated with an increased rate of Axis II disorders. Strengths of this study include the use of structured interview instruments to assess Axis I and II conditions, and having the two study groups matched for gender and baseline severity of depression. Limitations of this study include a modest sample size and reliance on DSM personality constructs.
Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma after HBsAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B patients: A need for surveillance
Authors: Gi-Ae Kim, Han Chu Lee, Min-Ju Kim, Yeonjung Ha, Eui Ju Park, Jihyun An, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Borderline Syndromes: Constitution, Personality, and Adaptation
Authors: Paul G. Myerson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Dr Stone's book is a valuable Contribution to the psychiatric literature. It is highly recommended to all psychiatrists and to physicians interested in how psychoanalytic concepts may be integrated with descriptive and biologic approaches to psychiatry. The concept of the borderline patient was developed by psychoanalysts to designate those analysands who could not make use of the psychoanalytic method and either would become seriously disorganized while undergoing psychoanalysis or would persistently demand gratification from the analyst rather than collaborate with him to develop an understanding of their basic conflicts. While many of the analysts who contributed to the elaboration of this concept considered that there might be an inherited aspect to the difficulties that the borderline patient manifested both on the couch and in his life, the implication in psychoanalytic literature has been that this condition (or conditions) was primarily the outcome of disturbed early interactions with inadequately caring and
Electromyographic Changes in Postmeniscectomy Patients
Authors: Saul I. Weingarden
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Delayed rehabilitation in postmeniscectomy patients may be due to a slowly resolving axonal compression syndrome secondary to the use of the pneumatic tourniquet. Twenty-five patients who underwent meniscectomy were examined to determine whether the pneumatic tourniquet used during the procedure caused a neurological deficit detectable by electromyography (EMG). Of these, 18 had postsurgical EMG changes that eventually resolved. Analysis of the data suggests a relationship between the occurrence of EMG abnormalities, the duration of the tourniquet inflation during surgery, and patient's recovery time. Quadricep muscle weakness after knee surgery has generally been attributed to disuse atrophy. In an attempt to prevent this problem, patients participate in a quadriceps exercise program, if possible, before surgery, with continuation after surgery. The persistence of weakness has been believed to be secondary to inadequate exercise. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1248-1250, 1979)
Tipifarnib sensitizes cells to proteasome inhibition by blocking degradation of bortezomib-induced aggresomes
Authors: Ebenezer David, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Christopher R. Flowers, Katherine Schafer-Hales, Claire Torre, Jing Chen, Adam I. Marcus, Shi-Yong Sun, Lawrence H. Boise, Sagar Lonial
Journal: Blood (2010)
Correlation of left ventricular diastolic filling characteristics with right ventricular overload and pulmonary artery pressure in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Ehtisham Mahmud, Ajit Raisinghani, Alborz Hassankhani, H.Mehrdad Sadeghi, G.Monet Strachan, William Auger, Anthony N DeMaria, Daniel G Blanchard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Efficacy and Safety of Celivarone, With Amiodarone as Calibrator, in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator for Prevention of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Interventions or Death
Authors: Peter R. Kowey, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Etienne M. Aliot, Alessandro Capucci, Piotr Kulakowski, David Radzik, Denis Roy, Stuart J. Connolly, Stefan H. Hohnloser
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Celivarone is a new antiarrhythmic agent developed for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of celivarone in preventing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) interventions or death.Celivarone (50, 100, or 300 mg/d) was assessed compared with placebo in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Amiodarone (200 mg/d after loading dose of 600 mg/d for 10 days) was used as a calibrator. A total of 486 patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% and at least 1 ICD intervention for ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in the previous month or ICD implantation in the previous month for documented ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation were randomized. Median treatment duration was 9 months. The primary efficacy end point was occurrence of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation-triggered ICD interventions (shocks or antitachycardia pacing) or sudden death. The proportion of patients experiencing an appropriate ICD intervention or sudden death was 61.5% in the placebo group; 67.0%, 58.8%, and 54.9% in the celivarone 50-, 100-, and 300-mg groups, respectively; and 45.3% in the amiodarone group. Hazard ratios versus placebo for the primary end point ranged from 0.860 for celivarone 300 mg to 1.199 for celivarone 50 mg. None of the comparisons versus placebo were statistically significant. Celivarone had an acceptable safety profile.Celivarone was not effective for the prevention of ICD interventions or sudden death.http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00993382.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytology Diagnosis of HER2-Positive Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis From HER2-Positive Metastatic Gastric Cancer: Case Report
Authors: Luigi Cavanna, Andrea Rocchi, Silvia Gorgni, Massimo Ambroggi, Raoul P. Foroni, Alessandro Ubbiali, Giuseppe Civardi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
The DSM-5 Field Trials and Reliability of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Deborah S. Hasin, Marc Auriacombe, Guilherme Borges, Kathleen Bucholz, Alan Budney, Thomas Crowley, Bridget F. Grant, Charles O’Brien, Nancy M. Petry, Marc Schuckit, Melanie M. Wall
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2013)
Failure of Parenterally Administered Pyridoxine to Influence Serum Cholesterol Levels and Development of Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits
Authors: FRED W. MARTENS, DONALD W. HOSKINS
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

Pyridoxine administered parenterally was found to have no effect on serum cholesterol levels of rabbits fed a normal diet, nor did it inhibit the development of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in rabbits fed a cholesterol-rich diet.
Lichen planus following HBV vaccination: a coincidence?
Authors: Marina Ciaccio, A. Rebora
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Lichen planus following HBV vaccination: a coincidence? Get access Marina Ciaccio, Marina Ciaccio Department of Dermatology, University of Genoa Via le Benedetto XV, 7‐16132 Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Rebora A. Rebora Department of Dermatology, University of Genoa Via le Benedetto XV, 7‐16132 Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue 3, 1 March 1990, Page 424, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08294.x Published: 01 March 1990
Total surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot: Results in 45 consecutive cases
Authors: S. John, B. S. Bhati, P. Shatapathy, J. D. McArthur, S. C. Munsi, I. P. Sukumar, G. Cherian
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Total surgical correction of the tetralogy of Fallot remains a most challenging and difficult problem in cardiac surgery. The present study, like others, indicates that this lesion can be corrected, and excellent anatomical and haemodynamic results can be obtained with an acceptable mortality. Results following total surgical correction in 45 consecutive patients are presented. The operative mortality was 13%. The causes of death are analysed. Certain uncommon severe associated defects adversely influenced the outcome of the operation. The great majority of surviving patients are improved. Postoperative haemodynamic studies in eight patients revealed gratifying results.
Changes in Bone Mineral Density in Male Athletes
Authors: Peter Schneider
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Although Dr Klesges and colleagues<sup>1</sup>carefully assessed standardization and quality control of the dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment used for the estimation of BMC and body composition, there is reasonable doubt that the changes in BMC they described are valid findings. It seems to be a treacherous coincidence that body calcium excretion with or without calcium supplementation impacts directly on the bone mineral status for the following reasons. All DEXA inherently uses 2 radiation energies to resolve equations comprising at least 3 unknown variables: the attenuation coefficients of fat, water, and bone mineral. Fat and water have considerably different attenuation coefficients at low energies. In common experimental settings, such as crosscalibration efforts with invariable anthropomorphic phantoms, certain systematic errors are not detectable.<sup>2</sup>The influence of fat distribution on bone mass measurements with DEXA can be of considerable magnitude and ranges up to Influence of simulated nonhomogeneous fat and
The Source Book for the Disabled: An illustrated Guide to Easier and More Independent Living for Physically Disabled People, Their Families and Friends
Authors: Richard L. Bryant
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<i>The Source Book for the Disabled</i>is a large (8 1/4 ×11) soft-cover text that is designed for use by the physically disabled, their families, and their friends according to the statement on the cover. It is also an excellent source for rehabilitation personnel. Make no mistake, however: this is not a book that is limited to sources of rehabilitation equipment. Its main theme is to offer many helpful ideas and devices that will afford disabled persons more control over activities of daily living by providing them with useful suggestions regarding equipment and home modifications. A large section is devoted to leisure and recreational activities that are often mentioned only in passing in most texts. Also included is a comprehensive resource section that provides needed information regarding national organizations and agencies, books and periodicals, self-help equipment firms, and mail order companies. I recommend this book and its inclusion in the
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis in a Patient With Renal Failure Demonstrating a “Reverse Superscan” on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Lih Kin Khor, Kong Bing Tan, Hoi Yin Loi, Suat-Jin Lu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) has been linked to utilization of gadolinium-based contrast agents in patients with renal impairment. We present a 19-year-old female patient with end-stage renal failure presenting with joint pains and subcutaneous nodules. She had a prior gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography when she was 14 years old. Clinical findings revealed firm subcutaneous nodules in both thighs. Whole-body bone scan demonstrates tracer uptake predominantly in the soft tissues and muscles of the extremities with minimal bony uptake. Incisional biopsy of the left thigh nodule revealed features of NSF with a total pathological score of 4, highly consistent with NSF.
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: History, Indications, and Current Techniques for a Minimally Invasive Approach to Adrenal Pathology
Authors: P. Hansen, T. Bax, L. Swanstrom
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Refinements in the field of laparoscopic general surgery have not only made the performance of laparoscopic adrenalectomy technically feasible, but have even made it the preferred method of treatment for benign adrenal pathology. The advantage of the laparoscopic approach lies in the fact that it allows precise, hemostatic dissection of the gland in a minimally invasive fashion. We present here the results of published reports of laparoscopic adrenalectomy as well as our own experience, and compare these data with reports from open procedures.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression during Allergic Inflammation in Guinea-Pig Lungs
Authors: TSUYOSHI OGUMA, KOICHIRO ASANO, TETSUYA SHIOMI, KOUICHI FUKUNAGA, YUSUKE SUZUKI, MORIO NAKAMURA, HIROAKI MATSUBARA, HOLLY K. SHELDON, KATHLEEN J. HALEY, CRAIG M. LILLY, JEFFREY M. DRAZEN, KAZUHIRO YAMAGUCHI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are important modulators of airway physiology. The synthesis of these mediators depends on two isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX), constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. COX-2 expression has been observed in various inflammatory diseases, but not all aspects of the expression and the role of COX-2 in conditions of allergic inflammation such as asthma are clear. In the present study, we examined the 72-h kinetics of the expression of COX-isoform mRNA in ovalbumin-sensitized and -challenged guinea-pig lungs. The sensitized animals showed a robust and transient induction of COX-2 mRNA expression within 1 h after ovalbumin challenge, whereas their COX-1 mRNA levels remained unchanged. Upregulation of the level and activity of COX-2 protein followed the induction of COX-2 mRNA. Lung slices harvested from ovalbumin-challenged animals released more prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 spontaneously or in response to A23187 (10 μ M) ex vivo than did those from unchallenged animals. This response was significantly blocked by the COX-2 selective inhibitors, NS-398 and JTE-522. In vivo administration of NS-398 significantly inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils and neutrophils in the lungs. In conclusion, de novo COX-2 expression during allergic inflammation modifies prostanoid synthesis in the lung and airway pathophysiology.
Even Young Patients with No Alarm Symptoms Should Undergo Endoscopy for Earlier Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: H. Bołdys, T. A. Marek, P. Wanczura, P. Matusik, A. Nowak
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

There has been a tendency in recent years to omit endoscopy in dyspeptic patients younger than 45 years with no so-called "alarm symptoms." This study was conducted to test whether this policy might lead to an increased rate of delayed diagnosis of gastric cancer, especially in a population with a high prevalence of the disease.The study included 860 patients (465 women, 395 men; median age 44) referred for the first time for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of suspected upper gastrointestinal pathology, to a secondary referral center between 1983 and 1993. Symptoms were assessed using a special questionnaire prior to endoscopy. The endoscopic diagnosis was always confirmed by histology.Gastric cancer was found in 83 patients (12 early cancers, 71 advanced). Patients with cancer were predominantly male (68 %, compared with 44 % in the no-cancer group; P < 0.001), and significantly older (median age 56, 44 and 42 years for advanced, early cancer, and no cancer, respectively; P < 0.001). As many as 24 % of patients with cancer were aged under 45 years. Symptoms occurring more frequently in the gastric cancer group compared with the no-cancer group were weight loss (11 % vs. 0.1 %; P < 0.001), gastrointestinal bleeding (18 % vs. 8 %; P < 0.001), anorexia (43 % vs. 25 %; P < 0.001), and fatigue (53 % vs. 30 %; P < 0.001). In 27 % of cancer patients none of the above symptoms was observed. No statistical difference was seen for pain, nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms. The mean symptom score (1 point for one symptom) was higher in patients with cancer compared with those without (3.1 vs. 2.4; P < 0.001). The duration score (1 to 4 points for durations of less than 6, less than 12, less than 24, and more than 24 months) was lower (1.3 vs. 1.8; P < 0.001) in cancer patients. In three-quarters of cancer patients the duration of symptoms was shorter than 6 months.Symptoms suggesting gastric cancer are gastrointestinal bleeding, weight loss, and to a lesser degree anorexia and fatigue. Gastric cancer patients show a greater intensity but shorter duration of symptoms than patients with no cancer. Age and alarm symptoms cannot determine the need for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, at least in areas of high prevalence of gastric cancer.
Venous Return and Mechanical Ventilators
Authors: Theodore C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The ex cathedra reply of Cane and Shapiro in the LETTERS section 1 that true-negative pressure ventilators do not diminish venous return should not go unchallenged, despite decline in the use of such machines. The truth lies somewhere between Johnson's view that both negative- and positive-pressure ventilators are identical and Cane and Shapiro's view that they are different.  Venous return, and hence cardiac output, is very nearly an Ohm's law relationship. The electrical law E = IR translates hydrodynamically to driving pressure = venous return × resistance. Driving pressure for venous return is the difference between venular pressure in tissues and right atrial pressure. Venular pressure in turn is partly dependent on tissue ambient pressure. Right atrial pressure is similarly dependent on alveolar pressure and lung compliance. In a full tank respirator, lowering the tank pressure to create a breath will lower driving pressure quite like an equivalentsized breath
Elements of the Medical Process
Authors: Katharine O. Elsom
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Efforts to improve the structure of medical care services through revisions in financing and administration are increasingly attracting pérsons from outside the medical profession with previous training in finance, insurance, engineering, and administration. Because such persons are unfamiliar with the nature of the medical process, their expectations of what medicine can achieve are often unrealistic. Knowledge of the nature of the component parts of the medical process, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, discloses that while in each instance there are objective data that can be utilized effectively, important limitations exist. Furthermore, at each point in the medical process the physician's clinical judgment is crucial. Future planning for the financing and organization of medical care must provide for this element in order to be successful.
Time course of appearance and disappearance of human mast cell tryptase in the circulation after anaphylaxis.
Authors: L B Schwartz, J W Yunginger, J Miller, R Bokhari, D Dull
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Tryptase, a neutral protease of human mast cells, is a potentially important indicator of mast cell involvement in various clinical conditions. The current study examined the time course of appearance and disappearance of tryptase in the circulation after an anaphylactic event and the stability of both endogenous and exogenous tryptase in terms of freeze-thawing and temperature. The peak level of tryptase after an experimentally induced systemic anaphylactic reaction occurred 1-2 h after the initiating bee sting in each of three subjects, in contrast to histamine levels which peaked at 5-10 min. In some cases elevated levels of tryptase may not be detected during the initial 15-30 min. Tryptase levels then declined under apparent first order kinetics with a t1/2 of approximately 2h. Similar disappearance kinetics were observed for two subjects presenting in the emergency room with immediate type reactions, one with severe asthma after indomethacin ingestion, the other with systemic anaphylaxis after a bee sting. Histamine levels declined rapidly and were back to baseline by 15-60 min. Measured levels of tryptase in serum or plasma were not diminished by up to four freeze-thaw cycles. Incubation of serum samples taken from subjects with elevated levels of tryptase at 22 and 37 degrees C indicated that greater than 50% of endogenous tryptase was still detected after 4 d. Purified tryptase added to serum or plasma and incubated as above was less stable: approximately 50% of exogenous tryptase in serum and approximately 15% in plasma was detected after 2d of incubation. Therefore, optimally samples should be stored frozen, but even those stored at room temperature for up to 4 d should be satisfactory. The best time to obtain samples for tryptase determinations is 1-2 h after the precipitating event, but depending on the magnitude of the initial response elevated levels of tryptase may be present in the circulation for several hours.
Book Review Prenatal Testing and Disability Rights Edited by Erik Parens and Adrienne Asch. 371 pp. Washington, D.C., Georgetown University Press, 2000. $65 (cloth); $23.95 (paper). 0-87840-803-7 (cloth); 0-87840-804-5 (paper).
Authors: F. Clarke Fraser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)
Ethanol Ingestion — Commonest Cause of Elevated Plasma Osmolality?
Authors: Alan G. Robinson, John N. Loeb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE determination of plasma osmolality has found increasing clinical use over the past 10 years and is now a readily available procedure in many routine clinical laboratories. Although under ordinary circumstances plasma osmolality is primarily determined by the concentration of inorganic ions, other substances contribute to it and, in certain pathologic states, may cause appreciable elevation of the plasma osmolality over that contributed by inorganic ions alone. Thus, diabetes mellitus and uremia have long been recognized to be associated with substantial discrepancies between the plasma osmolality as determined by colligative measurements and that "predicted" on the basis of plasma sodium . . .