tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulvis de sclerotium and the mummified finger
Authors: K Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

October, 1951, and hamlets throughout the south of France were still in the throes of economic recovery; the struggle in Vietnam further drained French resources.Despite postwar scarcities, Fall's harvest had provided a good yield -an outcome in doubt given Spring's heavy rainfall and June's hot sun.Sustenance for destitute Mr. H., his wife and two children, depended on pickled pork, cheese, honey and well water.Spirits soared when they learned baker J. would provide them
The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States Between 1999 and 2007
Authors: Kathleen N. Ly, Jian Xing, R. Monina Klevens, Ruth B. Jiles, John W. Ward, Scott D. Holmberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a supplement. Background: The increasing health burden and mortality from hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the United States are underappreciated. Objective: To examine mortality from HBV; HCV; and, for comparison, HIV. Design: Analysis of U.S. multiple-cause mortality data from 1999 to 2007 from the National Center for Health Statistics. Setting: All U.S. states and the District of Columbia. Participants: Approximately 22 million decedents. Measurements: Age-adjusted mortality rates from HBV, HCV, and HIV. Logistic regression analyses of 2007 data generated 4 independent models per outcome (HCV- or HBV-related deaths) that each included 1 of 4 comorbid conditions and all sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Between 1999 and 2007, recorded deaths from HCV increased significantly to 15 106, whereas deaths from HIV declined to 12 734 by 2007. Factors associated with HCV-related deaths included chronic liver disease, HBV co-infection, alcohol-related conditions, minority status, and HIV co-infection. Factors that increased odds of HBV-related death included chronic liver disease, HCV co-infection, Asian or Pacific Islander descent, HIV co-infection, and alcohol-related conditions. Most deaths from HBV and HCV occurred in middle-aged persons. Limitation: A person other than the primary physician of the decedent frequently completed the death certificate, and HCV and HBV often were not detected and thus not reported as causes of death. Conclusion: By 2007, HCV had superseded HIV as a cause of death in the United States, and deaths from HCV and HBV disproportionately occurred in middle-aged persons. To achieve decreases in mortality similar to those seen with HIV requires new policy initiatives to detect patients with chronic hepatitis and link them to care and treatment. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO PORK CORTICOTROPIN
Authors: Israel Zeligman
Journal: JAMA (1952)

At the First Clinical ACTH Conference, attention was drawn for the first time to allergic phenomena produced by the administration of corticotropin (ACTH). Traeger<sup>1</sup>reported to the conference on allergic reactions in 4 of 19 patients treated with this drug. At the same meeting Markson<sup>2</sup>and Stillman and Bayles<sup>3</sup>reported one case each of sensitivity to the administration of this animal extract. At the Second Clinical ACTH Conference, Brown and Hollander<sup>4</sup>reported a hypersensitivity reaction in 7 of 208 patients treated, which appeared to be due to the administration of corticotropin. In four of these seven patients the reactions were of serious proportions, necessitating withdrawal of corticotropin therapy. Intradermal testing with 0.1 cc. of a 1:10,000 dilution of pork corticotropin, in four patients with allergic symptoms, was positive. When these persons were treated with beef corticotropin, there were no allergic manifestations, and they had negative reactions
AIDS Drug Regimens That Are Worth Their Costs
Authors: David N. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of reduced meal frequency without caloric restriction on glucose regulation in healthy, normal-weight middle-aged men and women
Authors: Olga Carlson, Bronwen Martin, Kim S. Stote, Erin Golden, Stuart Maudsley, Samer S. Najjar, Luigi Ferrucci, Donald K. Ingram, Dan L. Longo, William V. Rumpler, David J. Baer, Josephine Egan, Mark P. Mattson
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Epidemiologic Evaluation of Measurement Data in the Presence of Detection Limits
Authors: Jay H. Lubin, Joanne S. Colt, David Camann, Scott Davis, James R. Cerhan, Richard K. Severson, Leslie Bernstein, Patricia Hartge
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Quantitative measurements of environmental factors greatly improve the quality of epidemiologic studies but can pose challenges because of the presence of upper or lower detection limits or interfering compounds, which do not allow for precise measured values. We consider the regression of an environmental measurement (dependent variable) on several covariates (independent variables). Various strategies are commonly employed to impute values for interval-measured data, including assignment of one-half the detection limit to nondetected values or of "fill-in" values randomly selected from an appropriate distribution. On the basis of a limited simulation study, we found that the former approach can be biased unless the percentage of measurements below detection limits is small (5–10%). The fill-in approach generally produces unbiased parameter estimates but may produce biased variance estimates and thereby distort inference when 30% or more of the data are below detection limits. Truncated data methods (e.g., Tobit regression) and multiple imputation offer two unbiased approaches for analyzing measurement data with detection limits. If interest resides solely on regression parameters, then Tobit regression can be used. If individualized values for measurements below detection limits are needed for additional analysis, such as relative risk regression or graphical display, then multiple imputation produces unbiased estimates and nominal confidence intervals unless the proportion of missing data is extreme. We illustrate various approaches using measurements of pesticide residues in carpet dust in control subjects from a case–control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Vietnam Veterans
Authors: Lawrence C. Kolb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The ingenious epidemiologic analysis of mortality rates among young men who were chosen by the draft lottery, compared with those who were not, that is reported in this issue1 demonstrates the long-term excessive mortality of men who served in the military during the Vietnam War. The causes of death that were found to be increased in this population were suicide and motor-vehicle accidents — events that may reflect impaired psychosocial functioning. This confirmation of earlier reports of the impaired socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health status2 of this group of men deserves serious consideration. The veterans of combat have been identified as . . .
Type I and II interferons enhance dendritic cell maturation and migration capacity by regulating CD38 and CD74 that have synergistic effects with TLR agonists
Authors: Thanh-Nhan Nguyen-Pham, Mi-Seon Lim, Truc Anh Thi Nguyen, Youn-Kyung Lee, Chun-Ji Jin, Hyun Ju Lee, Cheol Yi Hong, Jae-Sook Ahn, Deok-Hwan Yang, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Ik-Joo Chung, Byoung Chul Park, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Je-Jung Lee
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2011)
Heparin Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis Without Venography
Authors: ARMIN E. GOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1981Heparin Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis Without VenographyARMIN E. GOOD, M.D.ARMIN E. GOOD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-4-515_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Moser and LeMoine (1) have found the combination of radiofibrinogen scanning and impedence plethysmography reliable in detecting and localizing deep venous thrombosis as proximal or distal. In their series, measured against the venogram, plethysmography missed no cases of proximal deep venous thrombosis and was dogged by no false-positive findings. The radiofibrinogen scanning likewise produced no false-negative but did show three positive readings for thrombosis associated with negative venograms. Noting mounting evidence that deep venous thrombosis limited to the calf is associated with very low danger for ensuing pulmonary embolism, they implied that clinicians may now be at...References1. MOSERLEMOINE KJ. Is embolic risk conditioned by location of deep venous thrombosis? Ann Intern Med. 1981;94(Part 1):439-44. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SIMPSONROBINSONBARKLOSOWSKY FPMM. Prospective study of thrombophlebitis and "pseudothrombophlebitis." Lancet. 1980;1:331-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KAHNGANUZA MC. Ruptured popliteal cyst and thrombophlebitis. Arthritis Rheum. 1977;20:1560-1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. GIBBONSPHILLIPSPROSSOR DMI. Ruptured popliteal cyst simulating deep vein thrombosis with false positive radiofibrinogen uptake. Postgrad Med J. 1975;51:735-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RICHARDS A. Ruptured popliteal cyst and pyogenic arthritis. Br Med J. 1981;282:1120-1. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ARMIN E. GOOD, M.D.Affiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Ann Arbor, MI 48105. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1981Volume 95, Issue 4Page: 515-515KeywordsDeep vein thrombosisHeparinPulmonary embolism ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of Predictive Capabilities of Diabetic Exchange Lists and Glycemic Index of Foods
Authors: Dawin C Laine, William Thomas, Michael D Levitt, John P Bantle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

To determine whether the diabetic exchange lists or the glycemic index of foods better predicts postprandial responses to carbohydrate-containing foods eaten as part of a mixed meal, three test meals were developed and fed to 12 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 13 healthy subjects. Each test meal contained exactly the same exchanges (1 milk, 4 starch, 2 fruit, 2 meat, 3 fat, 1 vegetable). In one meal, foods of high glycemic index (GI) were used, in a second meal, foods of intermediate GI were used, and in a third meal foods of low GI were used. The total GIs of the meals were: high, 184; intermediate, 131; and low, 107, thus predicting responses to intermediate and low GI, which were 71 and 58%, respectively, of the responses to high GI. Although some of the observed differences in the glycemic responses to the test meals were statistically significant, primarily in healthy subjects, the differences were usually much &amp;lt; predicted by the GIs of the meals. In NIDDM subjects, peak postprandial plasma glucose, plasma glucose area, plasma glucose area increment, and mean plasma glucose responses after intermediate and low GI were &amp;gt; 90% of the corresponding responses to high GI. In healthy subjects, only the plasma glucose area increment after the low-GI meal was close to the predicted response. High GI produced significantly greater insulin responses than low GI in healthy subjects. We conclude that the diabetic exchange lists more accurately predict postprandial responses to carbohydrate-containing foods eaten as part of a mixed meal than does the GI of foods. Moreover, our data suggest that the responses of healthy subjects to test meals do not accurately predict the responses of NIDDM subjects.
Proteolysis of CCN1 by Plasmin: Functional Implications
Authors: Usha R. Pendurthi, Tien T. Tran, Marina Post, L. Vijaya Mohan Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Plasmin is shown to play a crucial role in many pathophysiologic processes primarily through its ability to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) and/or mobilizing growth factors that are sequestered in the ECM. Cysteine-rich 61 (CCN1) is a matricellular protein of which expression is up-regulated in cancer and various vascular diseases. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether plasmin liberates CCN1 from the ECM and whether the released growth factor modulates endothelial cell migration. Treatment of breast carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231) with plasmin released a truncated form of CCN1 (28 kDa) into the overlying medium. Experiments with recombinant CCN1 confirmed that plasmin effectively cleaves CCN1. Thrombin and other clotting/fibrinolytic proteases are ineffective in cleaving CCN1. Further studies revealed that the conditioned medium of plasmin-treated carcinoma cells supports endothelial cell migration and that antibodies specific to CCN1 blocked this enhancing effect. These data were the first to show that plasmin can liberate a pluripotent matrix signaling protein, CCN1, from the ECM. Because both CCN1 and the components of the plasmin generation system are present in tumor cells and a variety of other cells, the proteolysis of CCN1 by plasmin may play a role in many pathophysiologic processes, including tumor cell–mediated angiogenesis.
A CASE OF HYDROCEPHALUS AND ACRANIA.
Authors: A. E. ENGZELIUS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Patient.\p=m-\A child, aged 2 years, a patient of Dr. Della Pierce, had complained of vomiting, abdominal pains and diar- rhea for two days.History.\p=m-\There was a history of an intestinal indigestion and slight fever of several days' duration.The mother stated that during this time the child passed large pieces of "curd" in the stools.Course.\p=m-\The symptoms abated with treatment, and several days later the child passed what the mother called a long, green worm.Recovery was rapid.The so-called worm cer- tainly resembled one on gross inspection.It measured 8 inches and was flat, one side presenting a white curd-like appearance; the other a dull, green, slimy appearance.On careful examin- ation, aided by the microscope and KOH, this substance proved to be the rind of ham or bacon, only slightly attacked by the digestive juices.This is a good example of what is to be ex- pected in babies who are allowed to eat everything.
A comparison of serial computed tomography and functional change in bronchiectasis
Authors: R.E. Sheehan, A.U. Wells, S.J. Copley, S.R. Desai, S.J. Howling, P.J. Cole, R. Wilson, D.M. Hansell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

In bronchiectasis the morphological determinants of (marginal) fluctuations in pulmonary function tests are uncertain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serial computed tomography (CT) changes in relation to pulmonary function trends in patients with bronchiectasis. The relationships between pulmonary function indices and CT scans in 48 adult patients with bronchiectasis were evaluated at baseline and at follow-up, at a median interval of 28 months (range 6–74 months). Two independent observers semiquantitatively scored CT features of bronchial and small airways disease. At initial assessment, the severity of airflow obstruction was linked primarily to the extent of mosaic attenuation. However, serial changes in pulmonary function indices were only associated with serial changes in mucous plugging scores. Alterations in mucous plugging on serial CT were associated with changes in the severity of bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickness. Greater severity of all three morphological abnormalities at baseline CT were predictive of significant declines in forced expiratory volume in one second, with severe bronchial wall thickness being the most adverse prognostic determinant. Variations in mucous plugging on computed tomography correlate with minor fluctuations in pulmonary function tests in bronchiectasis. However, the severity of bronchial wall thickness is the primary determinant of subsequent major functional decline.
Aortic Ball Variance
Authors: HOWARD BYRON DICKLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 May 1970Aortic Ball VarianceHOWARD BYRON DICKLER, M.D.HOWARD BYRON DICKLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-756_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the January 1970 issue (Ann Intern Med 72:1-8, 1970) Hylen and associates report on the problem of diagnosis of aortic ball variance. The difficulty in diagnosis is demonstrated by their statistics: 39 to 40 patients suspected of ball variance came to operation. Thirty had this finding, but nine did not. Thus, 22.5% were incorrectly diagnosed. Further, at least four patients underwent reoperation who "did not have diagnostic criteria [of ball variance] as outlined in Table 2."This seems a high rate of misdiagnosis, especially when the operative mortality (in their series) was 13%. It would be... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HOWARD BYRON DICKLER, M.D.Affiliations: New York Hospital—Cornell Medical Center 525 East 68th St. New York, N.Y. 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 756-756KeywordsMortality ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Symptomatic dermographism: wealing, mast cells and histamine are decreased in the skin following long-term application of a potent topical corticosteroid
Authors: FRANCES LAWLOR, ANNE KOBZA BLACK, R.D. MURDOCH, M.W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment and an otherwise identical steroid‐free base were applied topically to a 10 cm2 area on the anterior thighs of six patients with symptomatic dermographism for 6 weeks. Four patients showed a significantly decreased wealing response to stroking of steroid pretreated skin compared to that of control sites. There was a parallel decrease in mast cell numbers and histamine levels in skin biopsies taken from the steroid treated areas. At 6 weeks two patients demonstrated a decrease in flare areas following the intradermal injection of compound 48/80 in steroid pretreated skin compared to base treated sites. Flare areas following intradermal injection of histamine in these two patients were equivalent in base and steroid treated skin.
Generalization, similarity, and Bayesian inference
Authors: Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Thomas L. Griffiths
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Shepard has argued that a universal law should govern generalization across different domains of perception and cognition, as well as across organisms from different species or even different planets. Starting with some basic assumptions about natural kinds, he derived an exponential decay function as the form of the universal generalization gradient, which accords strikingly well with a wide range of empirical data. However, his original formulation applied only to the ideal case of generalization from a single encountered stimulus to a single novel stimulus, and for stimuli that can be represented as points in a continuous metric psychological space. Here we recast Shepard's theory in a more general Bayesian framework and show how this naturally extends his approach to the more realistic situation of generalizing from multiple consequential stimuli with arbitrary representational structure. Our framework also subsumes a version of Tversky's set-theoretic model of similarity, which is conventionally thought of as the primary alternative to Shepard's continuous metric space model of similarity and generalization. This unification allows us not only to draw deep parallels between the set-theoretic and spatial approaches, but also to significantly advance the explanatory power of set-theoretic models.
Liver in Leprosy: Histological and Biochemical Findings
Authors: A. B. A. Karat, C. K. Job, P. S. S. Rao
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The histological findings and their correlation with biochemical functions of the liver in 240 leprosy patients are presented. In 21% with tuberculoid leprosy and in 62% with lepromatous leprosy leprous granulomata were found in the liver. A significant prevalence of granulomatous lesions in the liver among patients with tuberculoid and borderline-tuberculoid leprosy of less than one year's duration suggests that bacillaemia occurs early in all forms of leprosy.There was a direct correlation between bacterial index and the presence of acid-fast bacilli in the liver. Of 50 patients with negative skin smears seven had acid-fast bacilli at liver biopsy. From none of these liver homogenates were acid-fast bacilli grown on culture in Löwenstein-Jensen medium.The alterations in liver functions were more consistently seen when acid-fast bacilli were associated with the presence of leprous granulomatous lesions. The acid-fast bacilli were found to persist even after one to five years of specific antileprosy therapy and after the bacilli in the skin had cleared up. This may explain the relatively frequent recrudescence or relapse of the bacillated types of leprosy when specific antileprosy therapy is stopped soon after bacterial negativity is attained on skin smears.
Distribution of coronary artery disease. Prediction by echocardiography.
Authors: A C Dortimer, R L DeJoseph, R A Shiroff, A J Liedtke, R Zelis
Journal: Circulation (1976)

To assess the sensitivity of standard echocardiography in detecting ventricular motion abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without prior myocardial infarction, 56 consecutive patients with a history of angina pectoris were studied during an angina-free period. In the 48 patients with adequate echocardiograms, the amplitude of septal and posterior wall motion in the high, mid, and low left ventricle was determined and used to predict prospectively in a blinded fashion the sites of angiographically-determined CAD. Twenty-eight of 35 patients (80%) with disease of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) had diminished interventricular septal motion (P less than 0.001) and 14 of 27 patients (52%) with disease of posterior vessels had diminished posterior wall motion on echocardiogram. When abnormalties of echocardiographic wall motion were compared with left ventriculography, the results were similar. Echocardiography may aid in predicting the presence and distribution of CAD, especially LAD disease.