tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of F-18 FDG and C-11 Methionine PET/CT for the Evaluation of Recurrent Primary Brain Tumors
Authors: Madhavi Tripathi, Rajnish Sharma, Raunak Varshney, Abhinav Jaimini, Jyotika Jain, Maria M. D. Souza, Jaspriya Bal, Santosh Pandey, Nitin Kumar, Anil K. Mishra, Anupam Mondal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Purpose of Study: With the availability of multiple positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for neurooncology, there is a need to define the appropriate tracer in a given clinical setting, and it is in this regard that we undertook this study to directly compare F-18 flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and C-11 methionine (MET) PET for the evaluation of recurrence in primary brain tumors. Patients and Methods: Thirty-seven patients with a history of treated primary brain tumors referred for evaluation of recurrent disease were initially included in the study. Two patients had to be excluded because of insufficient follow-up. There were 23 males and 12 females, mean age: 33.7 ± 16.4 years; range: 5 to 65 years. All patients underwent the MET and FDG study on the same day. Visual image interpretation was performed independently by 2 PET physicians for each tracer using the plain PET and fused PET/CT images; the FDG images were evaluated first. Images were analyzed semiquantitatively using tumor to normal contralateral cortex ratios (T/N). Each patient was followed up for a minimum of 18 months. Imaging results were compared with histopathology on tumor excision or biopsy in 14 patients and with clinical follow-up and MRI/MRS at the end of 18 months in 21 patients. Results: The final diagnosis was tumor recurrence in 24 patients and no recurrence/stable disease in 11 patients. On FDG, findings in 15/35 (42%) were suggestive of recurrent tumors. On MET, findings in 24/34 (70.5%) cases were suggestive of recurrent tumors. Spatially separated secondary lesions including intraventricular deposits were clearly delineated in 5 cases, 3 were glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 2 were anaplastic astrocytomas. One of the secondary lesions was missed on FDG PET. Using a cutoff for T/N ratio on FDG of >0.75 to differentiate recurrence from no recurrence, sensitivity of FDG was 81.2% (confidence interval [CI] = 54.4%–96%), whereas specificity was 88.9% (CI = 51.8%–99.7%). Area under the curve was 0.819 (CI = 0.615–0.943), P = 0.0003. Using a cutoff for T/N ratio of >1.9 to differentiate recurrence from no recurrence, sensitivity of MET was 94.7% (CI = 74.0%–99.9%), whereas specificity was 88.89% (CI = 51.8%–99.7%). Area under the curve was 0.942 (CI = 0.785–0.995), P < 0.0001. Interobserver agreement, κ coefficient, for MET was 0.93, suggesting good interobserver agreement, whereas for FDG, it was fair (0.23). Conclusions: MET should be the radiotracer of choice in the evaluation of recurrence of primary brain tumors because the sensitivity for detection and delineation of the possible recurrent tumor, as well as secondary deposits, is higher with MET. MET-PET is an easier technique to interpret, irrespective of the glioma grade, with less interobserver variability and straightforward localization of tumorous accumulation.
Severe Anaphylaxis in Cirrhotic Patients Receiving Dextran 40
Authors: Raphael Adar
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This communication was prompted by two near fatal anaphylactoid reactions to dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex) in cirrhotic patients not previously exposed to this drug. During the two-year period ending in August 1976, all patients undergoing vascular operations received dextran 40 routinely for prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis and for its other properties. Of 158 patients undergoing arterial operations, none had overt cirrhosis and none had any reaction to dextran. However, in two cirrhotic patients of ten undergoing porta-systemic shunts, severe hypotension to nonmeasurable levels and respiratory distress with wheezing developed. One patient had a respiratory arrest. The reactions occurred almost immediately after the infusion was started; no more than 10 to 20 ml had entered the vein. Both patients were successfully resuscitated. No fault was found in the solution or in the infusion set on bacteriological examination, and dextran 40 from the same batches was given to other
SENSITIVITY TO FUNGI IN INFANTILE "ECZEMA"
Authors: LEWIS WEBB HILL
Journal: JAMA (1934)

There are many factors in the etiology of what is ordinarily somewhat loosely called "infantile eczema," and there can be no clear understanding of the disease until bit by bit the significance of these factors is determined. In the last few years fungi have assumed great importance in dermatology, and it has been shown for adults that many eruptions previously classed as "eczema" are in reality fungous infections. Certain of these present a characteristic morphology, such as the lesions on the palms and soles and between the toes in what is usually called "epidermophytosis," but it is true that the most varied morphology may be seen, and for this reason it may be impossible to diagnose many fungous infections without obtaining scrapings or cultures from the lesions. The fungi that have most often been found in eczema-like eruptions are of two groups: the "yeast-like" forms (cryptococci and monilias) and the
Rupture of the Uterus during Pitocin Infusion
Authors: James Henry Ferguson, George T. Schneider, Henry K. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

INFUSION of a dilute solution of pitocin for induction of labor and treatment of uterine inertia is gaining popularity. The purpose of this paper is to report two accidents that occurred in more than 150 such cases on the Tulane Service of the Charity Hospital, New Orleans. One of these cases was previously reported in an account of our experiences with these infusions.¶A number of precautions have evolved from our use of pitocin infusions. In the preparation of the infusion not more than 10 minims of pitocin (often only 5) is added to a 1000-cc. set. The venoclysis is . . .
Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Paul I. Roda
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters4 May 1999Genetics of Familial Mediterranean FeverPaul I. Roda, MDPaul I. Roda, MDNorth East Medical Oncology; Hazleton, PA 18201 (Roda)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-9-199905040-00008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his editorial, Dr. Ehrlich (1) speculates that all of the initial patients at Mt. Sinai were Ashkenazi. I doubt this. Sephardim predated the European immigration (Mikvah Israel in Philadelphia, for example), and several Sephardic schuls are in Brooklyn.I also think that Dr. Ehrlich (and his sources) neglect the Sephardim who migrated to Europe after the Spanish Inquisition. Although my grandfather came from the schetyl of Poland, I've located the name Roda in a Portuguese church (listing families forcibly converted and thus were likely to be secret Jews) and a distant ancestor, Rabbi Roda, who translated ...Reference1. Ehrlich GE. Genetics of familial Mediterranean fever and its implications [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:581-2. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: North East Medical Oncology; Hazleton, PA 18201 (Roda) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGenetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever and Its Implications George E. Ehrlich Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever Mark Levin Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever George E. Ehrlich Metrics 4 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 9Page: 780KeywordsFeversGeneticsJewish people Issue Published: 4 May 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Prisoners' Handbook 1995
Authors: E. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Ed Mark Leech Oxford University Press, pounds sterling9.99, pp 407 ISBN 0 19 825939 5

Normally I avoid cliches. But the phrase “Everything you ever wanted to know about…” really can be applied to The Prisoners' Handbook except that the second half should read: “and didn't even know you needed to ask.”

Mark Leech, the book's editor, has been described in one interview as a self publicist. This was presumably intended pejoratively, but I …
Lymphatic reprogramming of microvascular endothelial cells by CEA-related cell adhesion molecule-1 via interaction with VEGFR-3 and Prox1
Authors: Nerbil Kilic, Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer, Samira Neshat-Vahid, Ster Irmak, Kirstin Obst-Pernberg, Jan-Henner Wurmbach, Sonja Loges, Ergin Kilic, Joachim Weil, Heidrun Lauke, Derya Tilki, Bernhard B. Singer, Süleyman Ergün
Journal: Blood (2007)
Vascular anomalies must be properly classified
Authors: P. Mallucci
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Zameel Cader and Winer's lesson of the week highlighted a common error of terminology in describing vascular anomalies.1 The term cavernous haemangioma is a confusing one and should ideally be avoided. The classification of vascular anomalies by Mulliken and Glowacki successfully categorised vascular anomalies in a consistent and …
Specialist Physician Practices as Patient-Centered Medical Homes
Authors: Lawrence P. Casalino, Diane R. Rittenhouse, Robin R. Gillies, Stephen M. Shortell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

During the past few years, widespread support has emerged for the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model of health care delivery. The PCMH combines traditional concepts of primary care (a personal physician providing first-contact, continuous, and comprehensive care) with newer responsibilities to systematically improve the health of the medical home's patient population (e.g., through the use of chronic disease registries, information technology, and new options for communication between patients and the practice). The framework for the model was created by the American College of Physicians (ACP), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the . . .
Preventing Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Alan B. Bloch
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In the 5 years since the first major outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in the United States were reported, the epidemiology of MDR TB has become clearer.1,2Clinically, the course of illness can be devastating for both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—infected and noninfected persons, especially when diagnosis and adequate therapy are delayed.1,3However, prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy can improve the likelihood of a successful outcome.4-6Directly observed therapy (DOT) has increasingly become the standard of care7and has been accompanied by dramatic reductions in morbidity and drug resistance, including MDR TB.8,9Evidence supports DOT as the adherence-promoting strategy of choice par excellence.  Reflecting an improvement in control efforts is the increase in the proportion of patients completing therapy. In 1993,82% of patients in the United States completed therapy within 12 months, compared with 77% in 1992 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC],
Studies in the Pathology of Radiation Disease
Authors: F. Lamont Jennings
Journal: JAMA (1965)

It is a pleasure to note the appearance in the English medical literature of a direct translation from the Russian medical literature. This monograph, originally published in Moscow in 1957, signifies the increasing communication between the scientific communities of the East and the West. The book, concerned with the tissue effects of radiation, was written by Professor Krayevskii, a member of the Medical Academy of Science in Moscow, but the material is also derived from the work of many radiation investigators in the USSR. In his investigative work, Professor Krayevskii has relied heavily on experimental use of dogs, feeling that "radiation disease is observed in them in its clearest form." The volume is concerned with the pathological changes in various organ systems. Two chapters are particularly to be commended. One is concerned with the unusual characteristics of changes induced by internal radiation, while the concluding chapter discusses the infectious complications
Changes in myocardial blood flow during development of and recovery from tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy.
Authors: F G Spinale, R Tanaka, F A Crawford, M R Zile
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Chronic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) causes a dilated cardiomyopathy and myocyte injury. Termination of SVT improves left ventricular (LV) function but is associated with LV hypertrophy. Changes in myocardial blood flow (MBF) that may accompany the development of and recovery from SVT cardiomyopathy might have a significant effect on LV function and myocyte structure. The goal of this study was to relate changes in LV function, myocyte composition, and coronary vascular structure to changes in MBF with the development and recovery of SVT cardiomyopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS LV function and MBF were measured in three groups of conscious pigs: sham control (control; n = 8), after 3 weeks of atrial pacing (SVT, 240 beats per minute; n = 8), and after a 4-week recovery from SVT (post-SVT; n = 8) by echocardiography catheterization and microspheres. Measurements were made under three states: 1) at rest with a basal heart rate, 2) rapid atrial pacing (240 beats per minute), and 3) during adenosine infusion (1.5 mumol/l.kg-1.min-1) without pacing. LV myocyte, capillary, and arteriole morphometric studies were performed in five additional pigs from each group using histochemistry and electron microscopy. LV fractional shortening was lower and left atrial pressure was significantly higher in the SVT group compared with control at rest, during pacing, and with adenosine (p less than 0.05). In the post-SVT group, fractional shortening returned to control values at rest and with adenosine, but fell from control values with pacing (p less than 0.05). Left atrial pressure fell in the post-SVT but remained significantly higher than control (p less than 0.05). LV/body weight ratio was significantly increased in the post-SVT group (p less than 0.05). In all states, SVT LVMBF was significantly reduced from control values (rest, 0.8 +/- 0.3 versus 1.6 +/- 0.3 ml-min-1.g-1; pacing, 1.2 +/- 0.2 versus 3.1 +/- 0.3 ml.min-1.g-1; adenosine, 1.4 +/- 0.3 versus 4.4 +/- 0.4 ml.min-1.g-1, respectively, p less than 0.05). In the post-SVT group, LVMBF was similar to control at rest (1.3 +/- 0.2 ml.min-1.g-1) but was significantly lower than control with pacing and adenosine (2.0 +/- 0.4 and 2.5 +/- 0.5 ml.min-1.g-1, respectively, p less than 0.05). Myofibrillar content fell significantly with SVT compared with control (42 +/- 5 versus 61 +/- 3%, p less than 0.05) and returned to control values in the post-SVT group (64 +/- 3%). Capillary density remained unchanged in the SVT and post-SVT groups, but capillary luminal diameter decreased and arteriole diameter increased in the SVT group (p less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The LV dysfunction and myocyte injury with SVT cardiomyopathy were associated with reduced MBF. Early recovery from SVT cardiomyopathy resulted in hypertrophy with normal MBF at rest, but significantly reduced coronary reserve.
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) overlapping chronic GVHD after reinduction chemotherapy
Authors: Y. Delgado-Jimenez, R. Goiriz, E. Vargas-Diez, J. Fraga, A. Garcia-Diez, J. Fernandez-Herrera
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) overlapping chronic GVHD after reinduction chemotherapy Get access Y. Delgado‐Jimenez, Y. Delgado‐Jimenez Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Goiriz, R. Goiriz Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Vargas‐Diez, E. Vargas‐Diez Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Fraga, J. Fraga Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Garcia‐Diez, A. Garcia‐Diez Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Fernandez‐Herrera J. Fernandez‐Herrera Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital de La Princesa, Diego de Leon 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain E‐mail: ydelgado@aedv.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 2, 1 February 2007, Pages 388–390, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07630.x Published: 01 February 2007
<i>A</i> double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of immunotherapy with grass‐pollen extract Alutard SQ during a 3–year period with initial rush immunotherapy
Authors: I. Dolz, C. Martinez‐Cócera, J. M. Bartolomé, M. Cimarra
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Thirty patients with asthma and/or monosensitized allergic rhinitis caused by grass pollen whose ages ranged from 15 to 35 years were selected. Two groups were established at random: an active group and a placebo group, and a double‐blind study was done on treatment with immunotherapy for a period of 3 continuous years, with initiation doses administered according to the rush immunotherapy technique. Grass‐pollen allergen extract Alutard SQ and histamine as a placebo were used. The objective parameters of efficacy evaluated were end‐point cutaneous tests, conjunctival provocation, bronchial provocation, and symptom/medication scores, as well as specific immunoglobulin determinations. The statistical evaluation of the results was significant for the differences existing between the initial and final time of the active group, and there were significant differences between the two groups for all of the parameters considered. We found no relationship between clinical improvement and the range of specific immunoglobulin E values. Regarding the safety of the treatment, systemic adverse effects were manifested only in the initial phase (rush immunotherapy). and were easily controlled by treatment. We conclude that the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy with grass pollen make it possible to consider this treatment fundamental in these patients.
The mediator of cellular immunity. IX. The relationship between cellular hypersensitivity and acquired cellular resistance in rats infected with Listeria monocytogenes.
Authors: A A Kostiala, D D McGregor
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

Acquired resistance to the intracellular bacterial parasite, Listeria monocytogenes can be transferred to normal recipients by thoracic duct lymphocytes or peritoneal exudate cells obtained from rats infected with this organism; The appearance of protective cells in thoracic duct lymph coincides with the development in the donors of delayed-type hypersensitivity to Listeria antigens and accumulation in induced peritoneal exudates of cells which are responsive to these antigens in the migration inhibitory factor (MIF) assay. The cells in exudates that confer protection, and those that release MIF, arise at sites remote from their final destination. From their point of origin in the caudal lymph nodes of infected rats, cells with these properties are delivered to the thoracic duct and hence to the blood from where they are drawn into the peritoneal cavity in response to inflammation. The parallel observed in the appearance, increase and subsequent decline of protective lymphocytes and MIF-producing cells in exudates suggest that the two activities are mediated by a single line of T cells. However this may be, the development and deployment of the cells concerned encourages the belief that MIF has a meaningful role in the expression of cellular resistance to infection.
Night of the Living Dead: Could the Mummy Strike Again?
Authors: Rif S. El-Mallakh
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  Recently a debate has emerged regarding criteria for vaccination of archaeologists, anthropologists, and related field workers who may be exposed to material containing smallpox virus. 1,2 Such criteria should take into account the immediate health of the people being vaccinated as well as the public health risk of the population at large. Historical experience with the American Indian has shown how devastating smallpox can be in an antigenically naive population. More than 3 million people died in a single epidemic when Hernando Cortes and his conquistadores introduced smallpox to the New World. 3 The present-day situation is different in that many individuals were vaccinated in the 1960s and 1970s and vaccines continue to be available. However, most young people have never been exposed to the smallpox antigen, and vaccine stockpiles are limited in size. Even more limited is our knowledge of the viability of variola in nonliving
Inequalities in self rated health in the 1958 birth cohort: lifetime social circumstances or social mobility?
Authors: C. Power, S. Matthews, O. Manor
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To investigate explanations for social inequalities in health with respect to health related social mobility and cumulative socioeconomic circumstances over the first three decades of life.Longitudinal follow up.Great Britain.Data from the 1958 birth cohort study (all children born in England, Wales, and Scotland during 3-9 March 1958) were used, from the original birth survey and from sweeps at 16, 23, and 33 years.Subjects' own ratings of their health; social differences in self rated health at age 33.Social mobility varied by health status, with those reporting poor health at age 23 having higher odds of downward mobility than of staying in same social class. Men with poor health were also less likely to be upwardly mobile. Prevalence of poor health at age 33 increased with decreasing social class: from 8.5% in classes I and II to 17.7% in classes IV and V among men, and from 9.4% to 18.8% among women. These social differences remained significant after adjustment for effects of social mobility. Health inequalities attenuated when adjusted for social class at birth, at age 16, or at 23 or for self rated health at age 23. When adjusted for all these variables simultaneously, social differences in self rated health at age 33 were substantially reduced and no longer significant.Lifetime socioeconomic circumstances accounted for inequalities in self reported health at age 33, while social mobility did not have a major effect on health inequalities.