tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Jaundice Due to Ectylurea
Authors: Richard Hochman, Jacob John Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

SINCE the first report associating cholangiolitic hepatitis with administration of arsphenamine,1 a growing list of drugs have been identified with the production of this clinical syndrome. Notable among these have been methyltestosterone2 and chlorpromazine3 and, more recently, promazine.4 It is the purpose of this communication to report what is believed to be the first case attributable to a recently introduced drug, ectylurea (2-ethyl-cis-crotonyl-urea),§ which has received fairly widespread use and favorable comment as a tranquilizing drug.5 6 7 Case ReportA 35-year-old housewife was admitted to the United States Naval Hospital, St. Albans, New York, with the chief complaint of nausea and . . .
ADENOIDS IN INFANCY.
Authors: JOHN LOVETT MORSE
Journal: JAMA (1907)

While the frequency and importance of adenoids in childhood is well recognized and their symptomatology pretty generally understood, this is not the case as regards adenoids in infancy. These are supposed to be uncommon and of little importance, and their symptoms are commonly overlooked or misinterpreted. They are, however, very common in infancy and of the greatest importance. Their symptomatology, while in many ways different from that in childhood, is, nevertheless, fairly characteristic, and the evil results produced are even greater in infancy than in chilhood. Although this is undoubtedly true, there is, nevertheless, a general feeling in the profession, even among the throat specialists, that adenoids should not be removed in infancy, the reason given being that they are liable to recur later. It is true that they may, and sometimes do, recur later. The fact is, however, that in the majority of cases the adenoids do not recur,
Cross-reactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests
Authors: Kwok-Hung Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Herman Tse, Honglin Chen, Candy Choi-Yi Lau, Jian-Piao Cai, Alan Ka-Lun Tsang, Xincai Xiao, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Susanna Kar-Pui Lau, Patrick Chiu-Yat Woo, Bo-Jiang Zheng, Ming Wang, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
In vivo assessment of left ventricular wall and chamber dynamics during transient myocardial ischemia using prospectively ECG-gated computerized transmission tomography.
Authors: R F Mattrey, R A Slutsky, S A Long, C B Higgins
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Seven dogs were evaluated with prospective ECG-gated computerized transmission tomography (CTT) to analyze left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and cross-sectional chamber area after acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). ECG-gated CTT scanning during i.v. administration of contrast material was performed over the mid-left ventricle at rest, after acute occlusion of the LAD and 30 minutes after release. The extent of systolic wall thickening (EWTh) of the anterior (potentially ischemic) segment was 39.8 +/- 8.8% (SEM) in the control state and -26.0 +/- 4.7% during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.01). The nonischemic septum demonstrated a compensatory increase in EWTh, from 28.6 +/- 3.5% to 46.4 +/- 6.1% during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.05). The end-diastolic LV luminal area (LVA) increased from 17.4 +/- 0.8 cm2 in the control state to 21.0 +/- 1.1 cm2 during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.01). End-systolic LVA also increased, from 11.0 +/- 0.9 to 15.2 +/- 1.1 cm2 (p less than 0.01). In addition, the percent change in LVA from end-diastole to end-systole declined from 37.4 +/- 3.8% during control to 28.0 +/- 2.6% during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.02). In conclusion, gated CTT demonstrates that the alterations in acute ischemia are characterized by changes in regional wall thickening dynamics, consisting of wall thinning during systole in the jeopardized segment and compensatory increase in the extent of systolic thickening in the normal segment, and changes in global LV function, consisting of an increase in the LVA and a decrease in the percent change of LVA during systole. Gated CTT may be useful for monitoring regional and global effects of ischemia when subjects can be studied in the supine position and with respiration suspended for 45 seconds.
Gross Mammary Cysts
Authors: J. H. Farrow
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1959)

The fenuale breast during the decade from the fortieth to the fiftieth year is the nuost common of all anatonuic sites for cysts of more than one millinueter in diameter.The principal probleiuu in the diagnosis and treatnuent of gross nuanunuary cysts is the coexistence or subsequent appear ance of other pathological lesions in the breast.Thus, cysts nuay occur: first, with no significant alteration or atrophy of the mammary epitheliuni; second, with vary ing degrees of hyperplastic epithelial changes; and third, within or as a part of a benign or malignant neoplasnu of the Breast Service, Memorial Cemsier for Camscer aisd Allied Diseases, New York, N. F.
Detection and characterization of human high molecular weight B cell growth factor receptors on leukemic B cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: F M Uckun, A S Fauci, M Chandan-Langlie, D E Myers, J L Ambrus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Human high molecular weight-B cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) (60 kD) stimulates activated normal B cells, B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cells, hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells, prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) cells, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. The expression of human high molecular weight B cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) receptors (R) on clonal populations of leukemic B cells in CLL was studied by ligand binding assays using 125I-labeled HMW-BCGF as well as by immunofluorescence/flow cytometry and Scatchard analyses using an anti-HMW-BCGF R monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated BA-5. There was a high correlation between HMW-BCGF R expression and responsiveness to HMW-BCGF. 60% of CLL cases constitutively expressed HMW-BCGF R and showed a marked proliferative response to HMW-BCGF in [3H]TdR incorporation assays as well as colony assays. Similarly, HCL cells, PLL cells, and activated normal B cells expressed functional HMW-BCGF R, as determined by ligand binding assays using 125I-HMW-BCGF, [3H]TdR incorporation assays, and reactivity with BA-5 MAb. Scatchard analyses indicated the existence of approximately 3,000 HMW-BCGF R/cell on HMW-BCGF responsive CLL cells with an apparent Ka value of 4.6 X 10(7) M-1. The concentrations of HMW-BCGF required for maximum stimulation of CLL cells were two to three orders of magnitude lower than those needed for half maximal receptor occupancy, indicating that only a small fraction of HMW-BCGF R need to be occupied to stimulate leukemic CLL B cells. Crosslinking of surface bound 125I-HMW-BCGF (60 kD) with the bivalent crosslinker DTSSP to its binding site on fresh CLL cells identified a 150-kD HMW-BCGF/HMW-BCGF R complex, suggesting an apparent molecular weight of 90 kD for the receptor protein. The growth stimulatory effects of HMW-BCGF on clonogenic CLL cells did not depend on accessory cells or costimulant factors. The anti-HMW-BCGF R monoclonal antibody BA-5 disrupted HMW-BCGF/HMW-BCGF R interactions at the level of clonogenic CLL cells and inhibited HMW-BCGF-stimulated CLL colony formation in vitro. To our knowledge, this study represents the first detailed analysis of expression, function, and structure of HMW-BCGF R on B lineage CLL cells.
Hepatoblastoma cells express truncated neurokinin-1 receptor and can be growth inhibited by aprepitant in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Michael Berger, Olaf Neth, Matthias Ilmer, Agnès Garnier, Manuel Vicente Salinas-Martín, Juan Carlos de Agustín Asencio, Dietrich von Schweinitz, Roland Kappler, Miguel Muñoz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
P3-129: Second–line therapy with irinotecan or gefitinib in pretreated patients with non–small cell lung cancer: final results of a new treatment strategy according to clinical predictors for response
Authors: Hoyong Sim, Hyewon Lee, Se Hoon Park, Jinny Park, Eun Kyung Cho, Dong Bok Shin, Jae Hoon Lee, Seung Yeon Ha
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
A time-saving incremental cycle ergometer protocol to determine peak oxygen consumption.
Authors: J Lawler, S K Powers, S Dodd
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1987)

Previously we have demonstrated that an accelerated arm ergometry testing protocol results in a higher peak oxygen consumption than continuous or discontinuous protocols reported in the literature (Brit. J. Sports Med. 20: 25-26, 1986). The purpose of this investigation was to determine if an accelerated protocol was superior to two commonly used protocols in cycle ergometry. Nine male subjects were tested on three different exercise protocols; a discontinuous test (DT), a continuous test (CT) and a new proposed "jump-max test" (JMT). The CT began at a work rate of 70 W with the power output (PO) being increased 35 W.min-1. The DT began at a work rate of 70 W; the work rate was increased by 35 W every 2 minutes with 2-minutes rest between stages. The JMT began with a 3-minute pretest to determine a PO which elicited a HR of 145 +/- 5 bpm. After a 2-minute rest, subjects began exercise at the predetermined work rate with the PO being increased 35 W.min-1. Testing sessions were terminated when subjects failed to maintain the desired PO. No significant difference (p greater than 0.05) existed in peak PO or peak oxygen consumption (VO2) between the three protocols. However, JMT protocol did result in a shorter time to exhaustion than the other protocols employed (P less than 0.05).
Association of early-onset coronary heart disease in South Asian men with glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia.
Authors: P M McKeigue, J E Ferrie, T Pierpoint, M G Marmot
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Rates of coronary heart disease are higher in South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis) settled overseas than in other ethnic groups. We tested the hypothesis that this excess risk results from metabolic disturbances associated with insulin resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS There were 1,421 South Asian men and 1,515 European men aged 40-69 years in London examined in the Southall Study. Prevalence of ischemic ECG abnormalities was higher in South Asians than in Europeans (17% versus 12%, p &lt; 0.001), with an excess of major Q waves (Minnesota codes 1-1 or 1-2) in younger South Asian men (p = 0.01 for the age-ethnicity interaction). Major Q waves were strongly associated with glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia in younger South Asians; these factors accounted statistically for 73% of major Q waves in those aged 40-54 years. Age-standardized prevalence of a positive history of coronary heart disease was similar in South Asians and Europeans (8.5% versus 8.2%, NS), and positive history without Q waves was not associated with glucose intolerance or hyperinsulinemia in South Asians. Smoking rates and average plasma cholesterol were lower in South Asians than in Europeans; in a logistic model controlling for smoking and cholesterol, the odds ratio for major Q waves in South Asians compared with Europeans was 2.4 (95% CI, 1.5-3.8). Adjusting for glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia reduced this ratio to 1.5 (95% CI, 0.9-2.5). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the hypothesis that insulin resistance underlies the high coronary risk in South Asian people and strengthen the evidence for a fundamental role of this metabolic pattern in the etiology of coronary heart disease.
Stem cell mobilization versus stem cell homing: potential role for parathyroid hormone?
Authors: K.-D. Schluter, R. Schreckenberg, S. Wenzel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Stem cells are considered as potential candidates to regenerate the injured myocardium. It has been shown that stem cells are able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, as recently reviewed.2 It is still an open question, however, whether such myocytes contribute to the functional recovery of the post-infarcted heart. This process is limited by the small number of cells that differentiate into cardiomyocytes, the limited coupling of pre-existing cardiomyocytes to these newly formed myocytes, and the question whether the overall increases in ejection fractions indeed depend on the amount of cardiomyocytes newly formed by stem cells. A specific pattern of matrix proteins may be expressed by these cells, they may mediate anti-apoptotic effects, or they may improve vascularization independent of a possible differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Such effects may be modified by stem cells acting in a paracrine manner. Irrespective of these open questions, research is ongoing to develop treatment protocols that increase the number of systemic stem cells that home to the injured myocardium.3,4

Zaruba et al. 1 used a novel and innovative approach to improve the homing of bone marrow-derived stem cells, as described in their article in the current issue of Cardiovascular Research . They tried to improve bone marrow-derived stem cell mobilization by application of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which affects … 

*Corresponding author. Tel. +49 641 99 47222; fax +49 641 99 47239. E-mail address : klaus-dieter.schlueter{at}physiologie.med.uni-giessen.de
1045-195 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 activates vascular endotholial growth factor- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated angiogenesis in ischemic hindlimbs of mice
Authors: Hiroshi Niiyama, Hisashi Kai, Hironobu Tahara, Toyoaki Murohara, Tsutomu Imaizumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Effect of oral gamolenic acid from evening primrose oil on menopausal flushing
Authors: R Chenoy, S Hussain, Y Tayob, P M S O'Brien, M Y Moss, P F Morse
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To evaluate the efficacy of gamolenic acid provided by evening primrose oil in treating hot flushes and sweating associated with the menopause. <b>Design</b> : Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study. <b>Setting</b> : District general hospital and teaching hospital. <b>Subjects</b> : 56 menopausal women suffering hot flushes at least three times a day. <b>Intervention</b> : Four capsules twice a day of 500 mg evening primrose oil with 10 mg natural vitamin E or 500 mg liquid paraffin for six months. Main outcome measures - Change in the number of hot flushes or sweating episodes a month. <b>Results</b> : 56 diaries were analysed, 28 from women taking gamolenic acid and 28 from those taking placebo. Only 18 women given gamolenic acid and 17 given placebo completed the trial. The mean (SE) improvement in the number of flushes in the last available treatment cycle compared with the control cycle was 1.9 (0.4) (P&lt;0.001) for daytime flushes and 0.7 (0.3) (P&lt;0.05) for night time flushes in womentaking placebo; the corresponding values for women taking gamolenic acid were 0.5 (0.4) and 0.5 (0.3). In women taking gamolenic acid the only significant improvement was a deduction in the maximum number of night time flushes (1.4 (0.6); P&lt;0.05). <b>Conclusion</b> : Gamolenic acid offers no benefit over placebo in treating menopausal flushing.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Leakage Into a Breast Implant Demonstrated by Radionuclide Cisternography
Authors: Nedim C. Gulaldi, Omer Aras, Leonie L. Gordon, Scott Steenburg
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 57-year-old woman with a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus with numerous shunt placements and revisions and bilateral breast augmentation surgery 8 years ago developed headaches as well as pain and swelling in her right breast. Radionuclide cisternography was performed to assess shunt function and to evaluate for potential cerebrospinal fluid leak. Radiotracer uptake was observed within the right breast implant due to adjacent focal shunt and implant defects.
Can Islet Cell Antibodies Predict IDDM in the General Population?
Authors: Polly J Bingley, Ezio Bonifacio, Marion Shattock, Hilary A Gillmor, Pamela A Sawtell, David B Dunger, Robin D M Scott, Gian Franco Bottazzo, Edwin A M Gale
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Objective— To evaluate the likely prognostic significance of ICAs in children with no family history of IDDM. Research Design and Methods— We examined the prevalence of ICAs in 2925 English schoolchildren aged 9–13 yr and in 274 age-matched siblings of children with diabetes from the same region, and we compared the estimated risk of progression to diabetes within 10 yr in the two groups. Results— ICAs were present at levels ≥ 4 JDF U in 2.8% of schoolchildren and 6.6% of siblings and at ≥ 20 JDF U in 0.8% of schoolchildren and 2.2% of siblings. Although ICAs are only 2–3 times more prevalent in siblings than schoolchildren, the estimated cumulative risk that siblings will progress to diabetes by age 21 is 13 times greater (2.8 vs. 0.21%). Conclusions— ICAs are unexpectedly prevalent in English schoolchildren, but only a small minority, with this evidence of immune activation directed against islet cells, will progress to diabetes. Although ICAs alone have limited predictive value in the general population, combining two or more predictive tests in series could achieve a level of prediction equivalent to that now obtained in first-degree relatives.
Urinary nickel excretion in populations living in the proximity of two russian nickel refineries: a Norwegian-Russian population-based study.
Authors: T Smith-Sivertsen, V Tchachtchine, E Lund, V Bykov, Y Thomassen, T Norseth
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The Russian nickel refineries located in the cities of Nikel and Zapolyarny close to the Norwegian border are responsible for extensive sulfur dioxide and nickel pollution, as well as severe ecological damage in both countries. The aim of our study was to investigate human nickel exposure in the populations living on both sides of the Norwegian-Russian border. The design was a cross-sectional population-based study of adults aged 18-69 years residing in Sor-Varanger municipality, Norway, and Nikel and Zapolyarny, Russia, during 1994 and 1995. Individual exposure to nickel was assessed by measurements of nickel in urine using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. For controls, urine was collected from adults in the Russian cities of Apatity and Umba (Kola Peninsula) and the Norwegian city of Tromso, all of which are locations without nearby point sources of nickel. Altogether 2,233 urine specimens were analysed for nickel. People living in Nikel had the highest concentrations (median 3.4 microg/l), followed by Umba (median 2.7 microg/l), Zapolyarny (median 2.0 microg/l), Apatity (median 1.9 microg/l), Tromso (median 1.2 microg/l), and Sor-Varanger (median 0.6 microg/l). Regardless of geographical location, the Russian study groups all had a higher urinary-nickel average than those in Norway (p<0.001). With the exception of Nikel, neither the Russian nor the Norwegian urinary-nickel levels were associated with residence location near a Russian nickel refinery. We concluded that industrial nickel pollution alone could not explain the observed discrepancy between Norway and Russia; we also discuss other possible nickel exposure sources that may account for the high urinary levels found in Russia.
Respiratory Disability in Coal Miners
Authors: Michael Jacobsen
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  In his letter (1980; 244:2158) W. K. C. Morgan, MD, quotes from an editorial 1 that claimed that Jacobsen has shown that smoking is the main cause of symptoms and disability in miners without massive lesions. I have explained elsewhere 2 why I disagree with that statement.
A Study of Hemodynamics and Coronary Blood Flow in Man with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: GEORGE G. ROWE, JAMES H. THOMSEN, ROGER R. STENLUND, DAVID H. MCKENNA, SALVADOR SIALER, ROBERT J. CORLISS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Coronary blood flow was measured by the nitrous oxide method, and cardiac output was measured by the Fick principle, in a series of 31 human subjects with the clinical diagnosis of angina pectoris. Coronary arteriography was carried out on the same subjects as a part of the same procedure, and the extent and severity of the coronary artery lesions was determined. A numerical value was assigned to the severity of the coronary artery disease, an attempt was made to correlate the severity of coronary artery disease with the measured coronary blood flow and with various hemodynamic parameters which traditionally describe the systemic and pulmonary circulation. There was no correlation between any of the parameters measured and the severity of coronary artery disease demonstrated by angiography. It is concluded, therefore, that the nitrous oxide method for measuring coronary blood flow is not helpful in separating subjects with normal coronary arteries from those with coronary artery disease, nor are resting hemodynamic observations helpful. Maximum flow through the coronary arteries of the dog heart was measured by postmortem perfusion. This flow rate is sufficient to provide a considerable factor of safety as far as constriction of the major coronary arteries is concerned. If these data are extrapolated to the coronary vessels of man, it would seem that a very large "safety factor" exists, and this may explain why severe coronary disease is not revealed by studies of coronary blood flow.
Meckel's Diverticulum as an Abdominal Emergency
Authors: Byron V. Whitney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

SINCE the description of Meckel's diverticulum by Johann Frederic Meckel in 1809, much has been written about this entity. It is therefore unnecessary to discuss all the pathologic conditions that may be caused by the persistence of the proximal or intestinal end of the vitelline duct, which connects the yolk sac with the midgut. The purpose of this paper is to present a case in which a gangrenous Meckel diverticulum produced partial obstruction of the small intestine. The point to be stressed is the difficulty that arises in correct diagnosis.Case ReportA 22-year-old man complained of pain in the . . .
Cancer Risk Among Children of Atomic Bomb Survivors
Authors: Yasuhiko Yoshimoto
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This article summarizes recent epidemiologic studies of cancer risk among the children of atomic bomb survivors conducted at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation. These children include two groups: (1) the in utero—exposed children (ie, those born to mothers who had been pregnant at the time of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki) and (2) the F<sub>1</sub>population, which was conceived after the atomic-bombings and born to parents of whom one or both were atomic bomb survivors. Although from 1950 to 1984 only 18 cancer cases were identified among the in utero sample, cancer risk did appear to significantly increase as maternal uterine dose increased. However, since the observed cases are too few in number to allow a site-specific review, the increased cancer risk cannot be definitively attributed to atomic bomb radiation, as yet. For those members of the F<sub>1</sub>population who were less than 20 years old between 1946 and 1982, cancer risk did not appear to increase significantly as parental gonadal dose increased. Follow-up of this population will continue to determine if the patterns of adult-onset cancer are altered. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:596-600)