tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chills and Fever Following Oral Use of Procaine Amide (Pronestyl)
Authors: Sidney Leibowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

PROCAINE amide hydrochloride (p-amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl) benzamide hydrochloride1) has recently been introduced as an effective therapeutic means of controlling ventricular arrhythmias and premature contractions because of its ability to depress the irritability of the ventricular muscle.2 Unlike procaine hydrochloride, procaine amide is only partially, if at all, hydrolyzed by plasma esterase to p-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol; hence its effect is more prolonged.1 , 2 It is now being used also in arrhythmias and premature contractions of auricular origin.3 4 5 Thus far, the main toxic effect noted on intravenous administration of the drug is hypotension; toxic effects following its oral use have been described as . . .
954-5 Pre-cardioversion Transesophageal Echocardiography as a Predictor of Unsuccessful Electrical Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Fernando Olaz, Nuria Basterra, Jesús Berjón, José R. Carmona, Miguel Aleu, César Maraví, Cristina Elorz, Enrique de los Arcos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
One Bristol, but there could have been many
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2001)

News p 181 

Some will read the well written report of the Bristol inquiry into children's heart surgery as a “whodunnit?”1 The answer is that “the system done it,” but various named individuals behaved dishonourably. Some have been struck off by the General Medical Council.2 All will have paid a heavy price with sleepless nights. The report is primarily, as Ian Kennedy, the chairman, says in his introduction, a tragedy. A great many well intentioned people worked hard to do good but did dreadful harm. Over 30 children under 1 year died unnecessarily, the report concludes.3 Many more were severely injured.

The most chilling thought in the report is that there could have been 50, perhaps 500, even 5000 similar reports about other parts of the NHS. The ingredients that led to the excess deaths in Bristol occur throughout the NHS. The report emphasises not only that the NHS had no system for monitoring quality and no reliable data but also there was no agreement on what constituted quality. “Thus the most essential tool in achieving, sustaining, and improving quality of care for the patient was lacking … clinicians had to satisfy only themselves [the report's italics] that the service was of sufficient quality.”

Bristol (and we must accept, as does the inquiry, that Bristol has become a noun that denotes not just a city but also a medical tragedy) came to public attention because there were some data and people concerned to make a fuss. We might have read a report on excess deaths …
Vaccination programme to protect children against pneumonia and diarrhoea needs more funds
Authors: K. Womersley
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Up to one million children’s lives could be saved every year if new vaccines to tackle the causes of pneumonia and diarrhoea were widely available in the developing world, says a report from Save the Children published on 21 January.

Pneumonia and diarrhoea kill more under 5s globally than any other illnesses, accounting for three times more deaths than malaria and HIV combined. The report says that the death toll could be cut by up to one quarter if children were routinely vaccinated against these diseases.

The report charts progress towards achieving the United Nations’ millennium development goals. Its authors found “extraordinary progress” in some countries, with some of the world’s poorest—including Malawi, Nepal, Bolivia, and Bangladesh—being on track to achieve the goal of reducing child mortality by two thirds by 2015.

But the report …
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Our Lady of the Fields, No. 4&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dangerous reactions to treatment of onchocerciasis with diethylcarbamazine.
Authors: A D Bryceson, D A Warrell, H M Pope
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Nine Nigerians with severe onchocerciasis who were treated with diethylcarbamazine developed clinical changes, ranging in severity from mild itching to distress, cough, and syncope. Physiological changes (fever, tachypnoea, tachycardia, or hypotension) were seen in eight. In five patients the systolic blood pressure fell by more than 25 mm Hg, and one patient collapsed on attempting to sit up. Circulating eosinophils decreased profoundly in all cases, reaching their lowest levels just before or during the clinical and physiological changes. A fall in serum complement (c3) accompanied the reaction but there was no fall in antibody titre. Diethylcarbamazine probably acts on the parasite9s cuticle, thus exposing it to the body9s defence mechansims. The reaction coincides with the death of microfilariae, and the accompanying physiological changes may be so severe, even in generally healthy patients, the treatment should perferably be started in hospital.
Schmidt's Syndrome Presenting As Hypopituitarism
Authors: M. GARY NICHOLLS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

A 62-year-old woman who had features suggestive of hypopituitarism was found to have primary autoimmune hypothyroidism and hypoadrenalism (Schmidt's syndrome). Normal hypothalamic-pituitary function was confirmed by normal growth-hormone and brisk adrenocorticotrophic-hormone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, plasma gonadotrophin levels within the normal postmenopausal range, and elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Adrenal mineralocorticoid reserve was severely impaired, assessed by markedly reduced aldosterone secretion when plasma renin activity values were strikingly raised. Glucocorticoid secretion was near normal, however, and reserve was less severely affected, Judged by a mild elevation in plasma adrenocorticotrophichormone concentration. Thus, autoimmune adrenal disease may affect mineralocorticoid secretion more than glucocorticoid reserve; and the absence of adrenocorticotrophic-hormone and melanocytestimulating-hormone hypersecretion and consequent pigmentation may increase diagnostic confusion with hypopituitarism.
Autophagy and Mistargeting of Therapeutic Enzyme in Skeletal Muscle in Pompe Disease
Authors: Tokiko Fukuda, Meghan Ahearn, Ashley Roberts, Robert J. Mattaliano, Kristien Zaal, Evelyn Ralston, Paul H. Plotz, Nina Raben
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) became a reality for patients with Pompe disease, a fatal cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy caused by a deficiency of glycogen-degrading lysosomal enzyme acid α-glucosidase (GAA). The therapy, which relies on receptor-mediated endocytosis of recombinant human GAA (rhGAA), appears to be effective in cardiac muscle, but less so in skeletal muscle. We have previously shown a profound disturbance of the lysosomal degradative pathway (autophagy) in therapy-resistant muscle of GAA knockout mice (KO). Our findings here demonstrate a progressive age-dependent autophagic buildup in addition to enlargement of glycogen-filled lysosomes in multiple muscle groups in the KO. Trafficking and processing of the therapeutic enzyme along the endocytic pathway appear to be affected by the autophagy. Confocal microscopy of live single muscle fibers exposed to fluorescently labeled rhGAA indicates that a significant portion of the endocytosed enzyme in the KO was trapped as a partially processed form in the autophagic areas instead of reaching its target—the lysosomes. A fluid-phase endocytic marker was similarly mistargeted and accumulated in vesicular structures within the autophagic areas. These findings may explain why ERT often falls short of reversing the disease process and point toward new avenues for the development of pharmacological intervention.
Gene-microarray analysis of multiple sclerosis lesions yields new targets validated in autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Christopher Lock, Guy Hermans, Rosetta Pedotti, Andrea Brendolan, Eric Schadt, Hideki Garren, Annette Langer-Gould, Samuel Strober, Barbara Cannella, John Allard, Paul Klonowski, Angela Austin, Nagin Lad, Naftali Kaminski, Stephen J. Galli, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Cedric S. Raine, Renu Heller, Lawrence Steinman
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Laparoscopy, Culdoscopy and Gynecography: Technique and Atlas
Authors: Howard Balin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The text<i>Laparoscopy, Culdoscopy and Gynecography</i>presents most concisely and expertly the surgical and diagnostic aspects of these techniques. In addition to a thorough historic review, the volume is replete with a description of recent advances in laparoscopic, culdoscopic, and gynecographic instrumentation and procedures such as the use of the fiber optic light carrier and ancillary ciné and still photographic equipment. Its use to help clarify the diagnosis of obscure pelvic disease such as unruptured oviductal pregnancy, endometriosis, and pelvic adhesions is discussed in detail with excellent laparoscopic and culdoscopic photographs. The publishers have duplicated the original Ektachrome slides from which this atlas was derived, since most hospitals, schools, and physicians' offices have projections for 2 × 2 slides. This collection of slides is available from the publishers. Areas covered in the text include chapters devoted to "Indications and Contraindications for Laparoscopy," "Complications of Laparoscopy," "Interval Tubal Sterilization Via Laparoscopy,"
Medical Ethics Today: Its Practice and Philosophy
Authors: M Saunders
Journal: BMJ (1994)

BMA Ethics, Science and Information Division BMJ, £12.95, pp 374 ISBN 0-7279-0817-0

Alisdair Macyntyre in After Virtue: A Study of Moral Theory has argued from a historical perspective that moral theory is in a degenerate state. The kind of synthesis achieved by Aristotle and Aquinas could not survive the Enlightenment. We are now left with a ragbag of principles and assumptions that have lost their original framework. The order of the day is emotivism, which is based on the conclusion that all attempts to produce an objective morality founded on …
Adenosine inhibits chemotaxis and induces hepatocyte-specific genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Mehdi Mohamadnejad, Muhammad A. Sohail, Azuma Watanabe, Diane S. Krause, Scott E. Swenson, Wajahat Z. Mehal
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential in liver injury, but the signals responsible for MSC localization to sites of injury and initiation of differentiation are not known. Adenosine concentration is increased at sites of cellular injury and inflammation, and adenosine is known to signal a variety of cellular changes. We hypothesized that local elevations in the concentration of adenosine at sites of tissue injury regulate MSC homing and differentiation. Here we demonstrate that adenosine does not induce MSC chemotaxis but dramatically inhibits MSC chemotaxis in response to the chemoattractant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Inhibition of HGF-induced chemotaxis by adenosine requires the A2a receptor and is mediated via up-regulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP)/protein kinase A pathway. This results in inhibition of cytosolic calcium signaling and down-regulation of HGF-induced Rac1. Because of the important role of Rac1 in the formation of actin stress fibers, we examined the effect of adenosine on stress fiber formation and found that adenosine inhibits HGF-induced stress fiber formation. In addition, we found that adenosine induces the expression of some key endodermal and hepatocyte-specific genes in mouse and human MSCs in vitro.We propose that the inhibition of MSC chemotaxis at sites of high adenosine concentration results in localization of MSCs to areas of cellular injury and death in the liver. We speculate that adenosine might initiate the process of differentiation of MSCs into hepatocyte-like cells.
Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and serum levels of proteolytic enzymes in patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: I Rego-Pérez, M Fernández-Moreno, M Deberg, S Pértega, C Fernández-López, N Oreiro, Y Henrotin, F J Blanco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Objective To analyse the influence of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups, as well as the radiographic grade, on serum levels of proteolytic enzymes in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Serum levels of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, MMP-13, myeloperoxidase and cathepsin K were analysed in 73 patients with OA and 77 healthy controls carrying the haplogroups J, U and H, by ELISA. Knee and hip radiographs were classified according to Kellgren and Lawrence (K/L) scoring from grade 0 to grade IV. Non-parametric and multiple regression analyses were performed to test the effects of clinical variables, including gender, age, smoking status, diagnosis, haplogroups and radiological K/L grade on serum levels of these enzymes. Results A significant influence of the haplogroups on the serum levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13 was detected (p=0.027 and p=0.035, respectively). Patients with OA with haplogroup H showed higher serum levels of MMP-3 than healthy controls. Serum levels of MMP-13 were significantly higher in patients with OA (p&lt;0.001), and carriers of the haplogroup J showed lower levels than H carriers. Besides, levels of MMP-13 were proportionally higher in radiological groups B (K/L grade II and III) and C (K/L grade IV) than in group A (K/L grade 0 and I) (p=0.005). Conclusions This study shows that haplogroups have a significant influence on serum levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13. The influence of the haplogroups on serum levels of MMP-3 is clearly dependent on the diagnosis, whereas the influence of the haplogroups on serum levels of MMP-13 is independent of diagnosis.
Predictive Clinical Factors of Visible Vessel in Bleeding Peptic Ulcer
Authors: F. Fuster, J. M. Piqué, J. Terés, J. M. Bordas, R. M. Perez, J. Rodés
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

The endoscopic finding of a visible vessel in the base of a bleeding gastrointestinal lesion is a well-known indicator of the possibility of recurrent hemorrhage. We carried out a multivariate analysis of 277 patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, but no chronic liver disease, of the clinical history and parameters in relation to hemorrhage, in order to select patients at risk for this endoscopic picture. A clinical history of associated disease, the absence of ulcerogenic drug intake, presentation of bleeding in the form of hematemesis and active hemorrhage on admission had predictive value for visible vessel, The incidence of visible vessel was significantly greater in anastomotic stoma ulcers than in gastric and duodenal sulcers. On the basis of the clinical parameters mentioned, patients with a high probability of having a bleeding lesion with a visible vessel can be selected for priority endoscopy.
Abstract 2826: Expression of HBEGF enhances breast carcinoma cell motility, invasion and metastasis.
Authors: Zhen Ni Zhou, Ved P. Sharma, Brian T. Beaty, Paraic Kenny, H. Stephen Wiley, John S. Condeelis, Jeffrey E. Segall
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Despite advances in screening and prevention, breast cancer is still associated with a high mortality rate that predominantly results from the development of metastatic disease. One of the key steps of the metastatic cascade is invasion. Previous work in our lab has discovered a paracrine loop between tumor cells and macrophages in which tumor cells are capable of stimulating macrophages through the secretion of CSF-1 and the tumor associated macrophages in turn aid in tumor cell invasion by secreting EGF. The goal of our project is to explore how expression of EGFR ligands, specifically HBEGF, by tumor cells affects the paracrine loop, invasion and metastasis. Previous studies have shown that HBEGF is often found to be coexpressed with the EGFR and that HBEGF expression in tumors is correlated with more biologically aggressive disease and poorer patient prognosis. An initial Oncomine cancer gene expression analysis showed that HBEGF expression was correlated with more rapid recurrence of disease in breast cancer upon removal of the primary breast tumor. Based on the published data, we decided to focus our study on this particular ligand. Using MTLn3 rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells and human MDA-MB 231 breast adenocarcimona cells that were transduced to overexpress HBEGF, we have shown that HBEGF expression enhanced tumor cell invasion by increasing tumor cell motility, invadopodium formation and matrix degradation. We have also discovered that expression of HBEGF enhanced metastasis by making tumor cell invasion independent of the paracrine loop. Our studies suggest that for tumors that express HBEGF, therapies that target tumor associated macrophages using CSF-1R inhibitors may not be effective in inhibiting tumor cell invasion. In addition, we have found that HBEGF expression causes an increase in the recruitment of tumor associated macrophages and tumor angiogenesis along with increased expression of VEGF, which suggests that anti-VEGF treatment could be particularly useful for treating patients whose tumors overexpress HBEGF. Citation Format: Zhen Ni Zhou, Ved P. Sharma, Brian T. Beaty, Paraic Kenny, H. Stephen Wiley, John S. Condeelis, Jeffrey E. Segall. Expression of HBEGF enhances breast carcinoma cell motility, invasion and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2826. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2826
Effect of cholestyramine on the absorption of vitamin D3 and calcium
Authors: W. G. Thompson, G. R. Thompson
Journal: Gut (1969)

The absorption of 10 mug doses of vitamin D(3)-(3)H in rats was found to be decreased by the addition of cholestyramine to the diet in an amount sufficient to cause steatorrhoea. Studies in vitro suggested that the effect of cholestyramine was due to its known ability to bind bile salts and thus disrupt micelles containing vitamin D. The absorption of 1 mg (47)calcium chloride was similar in both control and cholestyramine-fed rats, whether estimated by the whole body counting or the faecal excretion technique. These findings show that the administration of cholestyramine causes a reduction in the absorption of vitamin D(3)-(3)H but not of radiocalcium.
Effects of ipratropium bromide and fenoterol aerosols in pulmonary emphysema.
Authors: J A Hughes, M J Tobin, D Bellamy, D C Hutchison
Journal: Thorax (1982)

In patients with radiological evidence of pulmonary emphysema the bronchodilator drugs fenoterol and ipratropium bromide produced a considerable increase in vital capacity and reduction in residual volume. The response to fenoterol was virtually complete 15 minutes after administration, but after ipratropium bromide vital capacity was still increasing at 60 minutes. The change in vital capacity was slightly greater with a combination of the two drugs than with either used alone. Changes in FEV1 and peak flow rate were small.
Case 3-1961
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. Kibbee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Presentation of Case A nineteen-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of hematemesis. Three years previously persistent amenorrhea began. Hormone therapy was given, but there was no recurrence of menses. Two years before entry, after mountain climbing, she noticed swelling of the ankles. Subsequently, the ankle edema recurred at weekly intervals. Ten months before admission lassitude developed, and she was easily fatigued. Five months later there was an episode of diarrhea and fever. Four months before admission jaundice was observed. Three months before entry there was swelling of the abdomen associated with ankle edema and puffmess of the eyelids. . . .
We Should Resist Efforts to Split Internal Medicine
Authors: J P Nolan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

The structure of academic departments of medicine reflects the changes in science and clinical practice that evolved with the development of new knowledge and forms of technology. Before World War II, departments were small and the clinical interests of the faculty tended to be broad. After World War II, the faculty generalist was supplanted by large numbers of subspecialists in internal medicine. In large part this change was fueled by the enormous expansion in biomedical-research funding from the National Institutes of Health. Departments of medicine became the recipients of the largest of these awards, and because specialists in organ-based fields . . .
Dietary Protein and Weight Gain
Authors: Klaas R. Westerterp
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunoglobulin production by coeliac biopsies in organ culture.
Authors: G M Wood, S Shires, P D Howdle, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1986)

The production of immunoglobulins by jejunal mucosa during organ culture has been studied. In 18 untreated coeliac patients the amounts of IgA, secretory IgA and IgM in the culture medium were higher than in those from 17 normal controls. The results in 15 treated coeliac patients did not differ from the control subjects. Mucosal biopsies from patients with serum IgA deficiency produced very little IgA, but large amounts of IgG and IgM. The addition of neither Frazer9s gluten fraction III, nor alpha-gliadin to the culture system stimulated any additional increased secretion of immunoglobulins from the untreated coeliac patients. Production of IgA and IgM by the small bowel mucosa continues during organ culture, but that of IgG appears insignificant.