tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3743: Effect of folic acid supplementation on epigenetics and cancer stem cell populations in established colorectal cancer cell lines.
Authors: Nathan Farias, Brenda Coomber
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Mandated fortification of folic acid, a B vitamin involved in nucleotide synthesis and DNA CpG methylation, has led to a subsequent increase in blood folate concentration as well as a simultaneous increase in colorectal cancer incidence in North America. Recent findings suggest that a proportion of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSC), share properties with native stem cells and are vital in the development and perpetuation of tumor metastasis. Both epigenetic DNA modifications as well as the activation of established stem cell signaling pathways are responsible for the activation and maintenance of (CSC). CSC share properties with native stem cells and are vital in the development of primary lesions and the perpetuation of tumor metastasis. We hypothesize that folate, a CpG methylation altering agent, and extracellular microenvironment factors can influence the development and maintenance of CSCs. By isolating and characterizing the CSC fraction in established human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116, Caco2, and SW480, LS174T and PC7, a subline of DLD-1, we have assessed the effect of folate on CSC signaling pathways and global DNA methylation. Cell lines were grown in suspension and supplemented with specialized stem cell media to promote the growth and expansion of the CSC fraction. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were used to characterize the protein expression and nuclear localization of proteins associated with established CSC maintenance pathways, respectively. Global DNA methylation status was assessed using an ELISA-based assay. HCT116 and SW480 show an increased ability to form colonospheres in culture compared to Caco2 and IEC18 (normal rat intestinal cell line). Cells grown in suspension show variable activation of stem cell renewal pathways compared to monolayer. Low folic acid levels led to reduced methylation status and colonosphere yield while high folic acid levels led to increased global methylation and an increased in colonosphere yield. Thus, altered folic acid exposure in vitro can influence the methylation status and CSC self-renewal ability of human colorectal cancer cells. The relationship between folic acid and cancer stem cell maintenance may be an important factor in the apparent duel modulatory effect of folic acid on colorectal cancer and warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Nathan Farias, Brenda Coomber. Effect of folic acid supplementation on epigenetics and cancer stem cell populations in established colorectal cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3743. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3743
Immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted hepatitis B vaccine in pre-hemodialysis and hemodialysis patients
Authors: Norella Kong Chiew Tong, Jiri Beran, Swee Ann Kee, Jose Luisa Miguel, Carmen SanNchez, Jose Maria Bayas, A. Vilella, J.R. De Juanes, P. Arrazola, Francisco Calbo-Torrecillas, Eduardo Lapez De Novales, Virginie Hamtiaux, Marc Lievens, Michel Stoffel
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Abnormal neutrophil behaviour in sarcoidosis: studies using a quantitative skin window technique
Authors: R.W. Gange, M.M. Black, R. McKerron
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Abnormal neutrophil behaviour in sarcoidosis: studies using a quantitative skin window technique Get access R.W. Gange, R.W. Gange St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. Black, M.M. Black St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. McKerron R. McKerron St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 15–16, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14296.x Published: 01 December 1977
COMPARATIVE VALUE OF MERCURY AND THE IODIDES IN TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS.Read in the Section of Dermatology and Svphilology, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: JAMES T. JELKS
Journal: JAMA (1890)

"However long mercury has been employed as an antisyphilitic, general assent has not yet been gained by any doctrine concerning the utility of its administration, the results which it may produce in syphilitic patients, the period at which its administration should be begun and how long it is to be continued." So wrote Zeissl. Burenspring says that mercury exercises a curative action on all syphilitic lesions and that it rapidly causes disappearance of the symptoms. He also says the further development of the process is not prevented by mercury: that the disease is simply protracted, and that by reason of this, tertiary forms develop and the disease becomes incurable. He also says: "Tertiary syphilis is not mercurialism, it is always syphilis, but modified; syphilis in a system changed by mercury." He says further, that "whatever treatment is adopted, syphilis is a disease which impairs profoundly the entire organism. Cases of
Goblet cell hyperplasia is a feature of the adaptive response to jejunoileal bypass in rats.
Authors: I O Olubuyide, R C Williamson, J B Bristol, A E Read
Journal: Gut (1984)

The role of goblet cells in the adaptive response of the intestine to jejunoileal bypass was studied in rats submitted to an 85% end-to-side jejunoileal bypass or sham bypass. At 36 weeks the length and wet weight of the duodenum and large bowel was 13-48% greater in animals with jejunoileal bypass. Measurements of villous height and crypt depth confirmed mucosal hyperplasia in the residual functioning small bowel and the distal colon. Histochemical studies in both groups of rats showed an overall predominance of sulphomucins throughout the intestinal tract, but jejunoileal bypass caused a disproportionate increase in the number of sialomucin containing goblet cells in functioning segments of small bowel and distal colon. An abundance of sialomucin cells at the site of anastomosis after jejunoileal bypass may have been a protective response to local mechanical trauma. Goblet cell hyperplasia is a feature of compensatory growth of the intestinal tract after surgical shortening. The changes in colonic mucin seen after jejunoileal bypass resemble those observed in ulcerative colitis and mucosal dysplasia.
GPs are struggling to gauge health needs of local people
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Primary care trusts in England are failing to plan and purchase services that are appropriate to their local communities, says England’s healthcare watchdog.

In its fourth annual report on the state of health services the Healthcare Commission says that overall the quality of NHS services has improved in the last year, with 46% of trusts rated as excellent or good in 2006-7, up from 40% in 2005-6. But primary care trusts performed the worst for the second year running, with around three quarters (74%) rated as fair or weak for the quality of services they provide and 80% for the way they used their resources.

Anna Walker, chief executive of the commission, acknowledged that primary care trusts had been reorganised in the past year, but she was concerned that so many were “struggling” …
PILO-SEBACEOUS DUCT OBSTRUCTION AND ACNE
Authors: R. L. HOLMES, M. WILLIAMS, W. J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— The outermost part of the epidermis, including part of the pilo‐sebaceous apparatus, has been sampled, using a cyanoacryalnte adhesive, in patients with acne of varying severity, controls, and in acne patients treated with long term tetracycline. At the site sampled (left upper hack) patients with acne have an increased amount of inspissated material as compared with controls; this appears increased in relation to the severity of the acne. The inspissated material, which is partly keratin and partly lipid, could possibly obstruct the outflow of sebum from the duct.
Off-Color Seconal®
Authors: WILLIAM SIMONSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments and Correction1 October 1974Off-Color Seconal®WILLIAM SIMONSON, PHARM.D.WILLIAM SIMONSON, PHARM.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-570_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I have noticed poor reproduction of the color of oral solid dosage forms on page 15 of the 1974 Physician's Desk Reference (PDR). This error was first noticed while I was demonstrating the identification of Seconal® capsules (Eli Lilly & Co.), which were represented as bright yellow capsules, rather than their actual bright red! On further investigation of 37 issues of the 1974 PDR, I found that the Seconal capsules were misrepresented in 14 of these issues (38%). The colors shown ranged from pale yellow to deep orange.ThePDRproduct identification section is probably the most... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WILLIAM SIMONSON, PHARM.D.Affiliations: College of Pharmacy Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon 97331 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 570-570 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hemospray for arterial hemorrhage following endoscopic ultrasound -guided pseudocyst drainage
Authors: Ilaria Tarantino, Luca Barresi, Antonino Granata, Gabriele Curcio, Mario Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

An 80-year-old man with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and obstructed jaundice due to a large pancreatic pseudocyst was referred for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cystogastrostomy. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen confirmed a 20-cm pancreatic pseudocyst, which was compressing the stomach and biliary tree, as well as a moderate amount of ascites and portal thrombosis with signs of portal hypertension [1]. The platelet count was 70 000/mm3. EUS confirmed the large pseudocyst adhering to the stomach wall. Cystogastrostomy was performed, and a double pigtail catheter (10 Fr, 10 cm) was placed across the gastrocystic fistula.
Army Medicine — Medical Use of Hypnotism — Candy and Caries
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THIS year the Army is celebrating the centenary of the formation of the Army Pathology Service. It was in 1855, when the sick and wounded troops in the Crimea were suffering greatly, that Florence Nightingale took the law into her own hands and introduced women nurses into the hospital at Scutari. At the same time the Secretary for War issued an instruction to a certain Irish physician, Dr. Lyons, "to make pathological researches in the hospitals attached to the Army in the East." He had two assistants assigned to him, and one of them, Dr. William Aitken (later Sir William), . . .
Localized Subcutaneous Oedema with Limb Weakness
Authors: R. MacKeith
Journal: BMJ (1944)

The urinary excretion of cyproheptadine glucuronide (a quaternary ammonium glucuronide) was studied in monkeys, chimpanzees, and humans after a single 5-mg oral dose of cyproheptadine. Humans and chimpanzees excreted, over a 48-hr period, an average 12.4 and 8.6% of the dose, respectively, as cyproheptadine glucuronide. Various species of monkeys excreted less than 0.5% of the dose as the quaternary ammonium glucuronide conjugate. According to these and previously published data, these unusual drug metabolites are excreted in the urine in relatively large amounts only in higher primates.
Bacteriuria: Colonization or Infection-Reply
Authors: Walter E. Stamm
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  Dr Kozinn and colleagues call attention to the semantic confusion that exists regarding the terms used to define UTI in asymptomatic catheterized patients. Ideally, one would like to distinguish between colonization, asymptomatic infection, and symptomatic infection. 1 Colonization is usually defined as the multiplication of organisms in or on a host without apparent evidence of invasiveness or tissue injury, while clinical, histologic, or immunologic evidence of host injury or invasion accompanies infection. 1 The distinction between colonization and infection in the urinary tract thus rests on (1) the presence of symptoms or signs indicating tissue invasion, (2) the presence of pyuria and/or hematuria, (3) a serological response, or (4) cystoscopic or histologic evidence of mucosal injury. It is not clear that any quantitative level of bacteriuria in catheterized patients correlates with infection rather than colonization. Indeed, patients with lower bacterial counts generally progress to higher counts (≥10 5
A novel assay for neutrophil clustering activity of human sera: relation to disease activity and neutropenia in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: H Jonsson, G Sturfelt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

A simple and reproducible method for the measurement of serum neutrophil clustering activity was developed. High clustering activity was found in 19/30 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 14/20 of those with severe disease flares. In contrast, 0/10 patients with quiescent SLE and 2/20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis had high neutrophil clustering activity. Particularly high clustering activity was found in patients with SLE with lupus glomerulonephritis and in certain patients with central nervous system disease. An inverse correlation was found between neutrophil clustering activity and peripheral blood neutrophil count in patients with SLE not treated with glucocorticoids, and clustering activity was high in all patients with low neutrophil counts in this group. A moderate correlation was found between neutrophil clustering activity and C1q binding circulating immune complexes. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids had little direct effect on neutrophil clustering activity.
Oxidative Stress in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Rebecca Bowers, Carlyne Cool, Robert C. Murphy, Rubin M. Tuder, Matthew W. Hopken, Sonia C. Flores, Norbert F. Voelkel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) occurs in a primary or “unexplained” form and in a group of secondary forms associated with a number of diseases. Because the lung tissue from patients with severe PH demonstrates complex vascular lesions, which contain inflammatory cells, we wondered whether the lung tissue from patients with severe PH was “under oxidative stress.” We used immunohistochemistry to localize nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy guanosine in the lung tissue sections from patients with primary and secondary PH. In some lung tissue extracts, the eicosanoid metabolites 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid, leukotriene B4 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), 12-HETE, and 15-HETE were measured using mass spectroscopy, and superoxide dismutase amount and activity were measured. Nitrotyrosine expression was ubiquitous in all PH lungs, and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid and HETE levels were elevated in the lungs of patients with severe PH but not in those lungs that were from the patients with severe PH treated chronically with prostacyclin. We conclude that indeed the lungs from patients with severe PH are under oxidative stress and that chronic prostacyclin infusion has an antiinflammatory effect on the lung tissue.
Extended role for general practitioners in obstetrics? A medical audit.
Authors: D E Shapland
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A study was designed to evaluate provision of services, process of medical care, and outcome in four general-practitioner obstetric units in isolated areas (Berwick, Whitby, Guernsey, and Brecon). All units were equipped to induce labour; to perform instrumental vaginal delivery and selected breech deliveries; and to remove placentas manually. All had some fetal monitoring equipment. Caesarean sections could not be performed at Berwick and Whitby. Proportions of normal deliveries during 1976-7 varied from 75% to 93%. Perinatal mortality was acceptably low, as were transfer rates for neonates and mothers in labour. With specialist help and particular attention to training and broadening local doctors9 experience of abnormal obstetrics, such units should be able to provide an excellent obstetric service.
TCT-109 Prosthetic Valve Infective Endocarditis following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: the Results of a Retrospective Multicenter Italian Registry
Authors: Charbel Naim, Azeem Latib, Michele De Bonis, Francesco Maisano, Alessandro Parolari, Marco Barbanti, Corrado Tamburino, Roberto Lorusso, Claudia Fiorina, Guglielmo Mario Actis Dato, Antonio Miceli, Alfredo Giuseppe Cerillo, Francesco Rosato, Omar Di Gregorio, Ugolino Livi, Carlo Di Vincentiis, Francesco Alamanni, Francesco Casilli, Manuela Muratori, Sandro Sponga, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Scientist must pay university a slice of profits
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A leading British infertility specialist must pay his former university employers a substantial slice of the profits he earned from work abroad while employed by the university, a High Court judge ruled last week.

In a case with important implications for other academics who top up their earnings with private work, Mr Justice Elias held that Simon Fishel must account to Nottingham University for money he earned from clinics in Italy, South Africa, …
"Dead Donor" versus "Respect for Donor" Rule: Putting the Cart before the Horse
Authors: D. Micah Hester
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2003)

(2003). 'Dead Donor' versus 'Respect for Donor' Rule: Putting the Cart before the Horse. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 24-26.
Articular cartilage changes in Caucasian and Asian hip joints.
Authors: P D Byers, F T Hoaglund, G S Purewal, A C Yau
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

Byers, Contepomi, and Farkas (1970) proposed for the hip joint two classes of articular cartilage change, those of limited progression which do not lead to joint deformity, and a progressive group which represents the changes of osteoarthrosis.In the Caucasian population that they studied, the latter lesions affected about 4 per cent.while the former affected a very large number which increased with age, reaching a maximum of 80 per cent. in the 7th decade for the most prevalent feature.One test of their hypothesis would be an examination of Asian hipjoints in which primary osteoarthrosis occurs only rarely.Hoaglund, Yau, and Wong (1973) estimate the incidence of Grade 3 and 4 osteoarthritis of the hip in Hong Kong Chinese at 0-6 per cent.for males 4 1 1
The Diagnostic Value of Physical Examination and Additional Testing in Primary Care Patients With Suspected Heart Failure
Authors: Johannes C. Kelder, Maarten J. Cramer, Jan van Wijngaarden, Rob van Tooren, Arend Mosterd, Karel G.M. Moons, Jan W. Lammers, Martin R. Cowie, Diederick E. Grobbee, Arno W. Hoes
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Early diagnosis of nonacute heart failure is crucial because prompt initiation of evidence-based treatment can prevent or slow down further progression. To diagnose new-onset heart failure in primary care is challenging.This is a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study with external validation. Seven hundred twenty-one consecutive patients suspected of new-onset heart failure underwent standardized diagnostic work-up including chest x-ray, spirometry, ECG, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurement, and echocardiography in specially equipped outpatient diagnostic heart failure clinics. The presence of heart failure was determined by an outcome panel using the initial clinical data and 6-month follow-up data, blinded to biomarker data. Of the 721 patients, 207 (28.7%) had heart failure. The combination of 3 items from history (age, coronary artery disease, and loop diuretic use) plus 6 from physical examination (pulse rate and regularity, displaced apex beat, rales, heart murmur, and increased jugular vein pressure) showed independent diagnostic value (c-statistic 0.83). NT-proBNP was the most powerful supplementary diagnostic test, increasing the c-statistic to 0.86 and resulting in net reclassification improvement of 69% (P<0.0001). A simplified diagnostic rule was applied to 2 external validation datasets, resulting in c- statistics of 0.95 and 0.88, confirming the results.In this study, we estimated the quantitative diagnostic contribution of elements of the history and physical examination in the diagnosis of heart failure in primary care outpatients, which may help to improve clinical decision making. The largest additional quantitative diagnostic contribution to those elements was provided by measurement of NT-proBNP. For daily practice, a diagnostic rule was derived that may be useful to quantify the probability of heart failure in patients with new symptoms suggestive of heart failure.
Prevalence of the prothrombin gene variant 20210 G→A among patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: V Arruda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the prothrombin variant allele 20210A among survivors of myocardial infarction.The prothrombin gene variant has been identified as a novel genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis. However, the risk of developing arterial thrombosis as a result of the presence of this mutated allele is unknown.The G-->A transition at position 20210 of the 3'-untranslated region was determined in 220 survivors of myocardial infarction and in 295 individuals from the general population.The prevalence of heterozygotes for the prothrombin mutated allele was 3% among patients with myocardial infarction and 0.7% in the general population (P = 0.03). No age-related difference in the prevalence of the mutated allele was observed. However, for individuals over 45 years old the prevalence among females was higher than among males (5% vs. 0%).These data suggest that being heterozygote for the allele variant 20210A of the prothrombin gene could be a genetic risk factor for developing myocardial infarction.
Nature of the Vasodilator and Vasoconstrictor Receptors in Skeletal Muscle of the Dog
Authors: PAUL L. YOUMANS, HAROLD D. GREEN, ADAM B. DENISON, RICHARD F. BOWLING
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Femoral blood flow and arterial pressure responses to stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic chain at L3, L4 and L5 were compared with responses to intra-arterial injections of l-epinephrine and l-norepinephrine before and after progressively increasing levels of adrenergic blockade, and after atropine. The vasoconstrictor responses to nerve stimulation resembled most closely those caused by l-norepinephrine injections at all levels of blockade. Atropine blocked the dilator responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and reduced reversal responses to l-norepinephrine injections but had no effect on the dilator responses to l-epinephrine. It is concluded that, in skeletal muscle, there are three types of vasoreceptors under autonomic control. Two of these, one constrictor and one dilator, are innervated; the third, a dilator receptor, is only under hormonal control.