tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A piece of my mind. The silent man
Authors: J. F. Stamler
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma treated with radio-frequency ablation
Authors: Yoon Serk Lee, Jeong Han Kim, Hyeon Young Yoon, Won Hyeok Choe, So Young Kwon, Chang Hong Lee
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

Radio-frequency ablation (RFA) is a curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Percutaneous RFA has been shown to be beneficial for patients with small renal cell carcinoma (RCC) lacking indications for resection. We experienced the case of a 53-year-old male who had conditions that suggested HCC, RCC, and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image showed liver cirrhosis with 2.8 cm ill-defined mass in segment 2 of the liver and 1.9 cm hypervascular mass in the left kidney. These findings were compatible with the double primary cancers of HCC and RCC. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed to treat the HCC. After the TACE, a focal lipiodol uptake defect was noticed on a follow up CT images and loco-regional treatment was recommended. Therefore, we performed RFAs to treat HCC and RCC. There was no evidence of recurrence in the follow up image after 1 month. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Renal cell carcinoma; Radiofrequency ablation
Middle income countries need to "share the burden" of the fight against HIV and AIDS
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Middle income countries must increase the amount of money they spend on fighting AIDS and HIV, a senior figure from the World Health Organization has said, as WHO, UNAIDS, and Unicef released their annual progress report on the disease for world AIDS day on 1 December.

Gottfried Hirnschall, director of the HIV department at WHO, was talking to the BMJ a few days after the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria announced that it would be limiting its next round of funding only to essential treatment and prevention services ( BMJ 2011;343:d7755, 29 Nov, doi:10.1136/bmj.d7755).

Dr Hirnschall described the fund’s announcement as “bad news.” But he added: “There is money out there. The question is: is the money spent on the right thing? We hope that all …
L. L. Zamenhof: Dr. Esperanto
Authors: E. James Lieberman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

LUDVIG Lazarus Zamenhof, born a hundred years ago in Poland, is honored best by those who speak his language: Esperanto. An ophthalmologist who practiced for many years in Warsaw, Zamenhof worked all his life to overcome the curse of Babel, and his remedy is known around the world as "the universal language." He lived from 1859 to 1917.The first of 8 children, Ludvig grew up in the town of Bialystok, where Poles, Russians, Germans and Jews lived together, but not in harmony. As a boy he learned from his parents and his religion that all men are brothers. But . . .
Universal Bayesian inference?
Authors: David Dowe, Graham Oppy
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

We criticise Shepard's notions of “invariance” and “universality,” and the incorporation of Shepard's work on inference into the general framework of his paper. We then criticise Tenenbaum and Griffiths' account of Shepard (1987b), including the attributed likelihood function, and the assumption of “weak sampling.” Finally, we endorse Barlow's suggestion that minimum message length (MML) theory has useful things to say about the Bayesian inference problems discussed by Shepard and Tenenbaum and Griffiths. [Barlow; Shepard; Tenenbaum &amp; Griffiths]
interindividual variation in human color categories: evidence against strong influence of language
Authors: thomas wachtler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

with respect to human color categories, steels &amp; belpaeme's (s&amp;b's) simulations over-emphasize the possible influence of language. in humans, color processing is the result of a long evolutionary process in which categories developed without language. common principles of color processing lead to similar color categories, but interindividual variation in color categories exists. even color-deficiencies, causing large differences in color categories, remain inconspicuous in everyday life, thereby contradicting the hypothesis that language could play a role in color category formation.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treated With Metronidazole
Authors: Peter I. Long
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis was successfully treated with metronidazole. The dosage used was 250 mg three times a day, and the drug was given for two ten-day periods with an intervening rest period of ten days. In view of the report in 1967 (which seems to have been ignored in the literature) on the successful use of metronidazole in 30 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, further evaluation of this drug is indicated.
MSF reports encouraging results with AIDS treatment
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Treating people with HIV/AIDS with simplified regimens of antiretroviral medicines is proving effective, even for those with advanced disease living in resource poor settings, new data from the humanitarian aid organisation Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) show.

A study reported last week at the 15th international AIDS conference in Bangkok, Thailand, showed that simplification of treatment, including use of three-in-one fixed dose combinations of antiretroviral drugs, had allowed MSF to rapidly scale up its AIDS treatment programmes from 1500 patients in 10 countries to 13 000 patients in …
Constitutive IRF8 expression inhibits AML by activation of repressed immune response signaling
Authors: A Sharma, H Yun, N Jyotsana, A Chaturvedi, A Schwarzer, E Yung, C K Lai, F Kuchenbauer, B Argiropoulos, K Görlich, A Ganser, R K Humphries, M Heuser
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Whither Psychiatric Day Care? A Study of Day Patients in Birmingham
Authors: D. H. Gath, C. Hassall, K. W. Cross
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A survey was made of the 647 patients attending the seven psychiatric day hospitals in Birmingham during a single census week, and of their patterns of attendance in day-care over the following 12 months. Marked differences were found between the day patients (583) attending the four large, traditional hospitals, and those (64) attending three small, relatively modern units. Patients attending the large hospitals were older, included the majority of schizophrenics, and carried a greater morbidity as measured by the frequency and duration of previous psychiatric care. At the end of the follow-up period 64% of patients attending the large hospitals were still in day care as against only 2 patients attending small hospital units. It is suggested that the results have important implications for the planning of future mental health services in that they highlight the extent to which different groups of patients have different requirements. A large proportion of the day hospital population had long-term needs which might be difficult to meet in the proposed general hospital units.
About children . . . and more
Authors: Rajendra Kale
Journal: BMJ (2007)

I am never surprised by what children can learn, nor am I surprised when they perform better than or as well as adults. This week Ian Jones and colleagues show that children aged 13-14 years can compress the chest (as part of acquiring resuscitation skills) as well as adults (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39167.459028.DE). Children aged 9-10 were not able to compress the chest sufficiently strongly, but they could position their hands correctly and press at the right rate. Optimistic about their results, the researchers say that the younger children could show adults the technique even if they …
Nonneutralizing IgM and IgG antibodies to von Willebrand factor–cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) in a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Friedrich Scheiflinger, Paul Knöbl, Bettina Trattner, Barbara Plaimauer, Gabriele Mohr, Michael Dockal, Friedrich Dorner, Manfred Rieger
Journal: Blood (2003)
Diffuse Skeletal Muscle F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Advanced Primary Muscle Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Stephen M. Broski, Wessam B. Bou-Assaly, Milton D. Gross, Lorraine M. Fig
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 65-year-old man newly diagnosed with primary muscular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent staging F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). This demonstrated striking FDG uptake involving multiple skeletal muscles. Although a variety of factors may result in diffuse skeletal muscle FDG uptake, the heterogeneity and degree of FDG muscle activity, concomitant muscle enlargement, and clinical picture represent an unusual case of advanced primary muscular lymphoma.
Normal Brain Cells Contribute to the Bystander Effect in Suicide Gene Therapy of Malignant Glioma
Authors: Hrvoje Miletic, Yvonne Heidemarie Fischer, Tsanan Giroglou, Maria Adele Rueger, Alexandra Winkeler, Huongfeng Li, Uwe Himmelreich, Werner Stenzel, Andreas H. Jacobs, Dorothee von Laer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with glycoproteins of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV-GP) are promising candidates for gene therapy of malignant glioma, as they specifically and efficiently transduce glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of LCMV-GP and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) pseudotyped vectors. Experimental Design: Therapeutic efficacy was tested for unmodified (9L) and DsRed-modified (9LDsRed) gliomas using the suicide gene thymidine kinase of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1-tk). Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging were done to analyze transduction of tumors and monitor therapeutic outcome. Results: LCMV-GP pseudotypes mediated a successful eradication of 9LDsRed tumors with 100% of long-term survivors. Before initiation of ganciclovir treatment, a strong HSV-1-tk expression within the tumor was detected by noninvasive PET using the tracer 9-[4-[18F]fluoro-3-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine. Therapeutic outcome was successfully monitored by magnetic resonance imaging and PET imaging and correlated with the histopathologic data. In the 9L model, LCMV-GP and VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral vectors displayed similar therapeutic efficacy. Further studies revealed that normal brain cells transduced with VSV-G pseudotypes were not eliminated by ganciclovir treatment and contributed significantly to the bystander killing of tumor cells. Conclusions: Suicide gene transfer using pseudotyped lentiviral vectors was very effective in the treatment of rat glioma and therefore is an attractive therapeutic strategy also in human glioblastoma especially in conjunction with an imaging-guided approach. In addition, high selectivity of gene transfer to tumor cells may not always be desirable for therapeutic genes that exert a clear bystander effect.
Mutation analysis of Son of Sevenless in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: C P Kratz, C M Niemeyer, C Thomas, S Bauhuber, V Matejas, E Bergsträsser, C Flotho, N J Flores, O Haas, H Hasle, M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink, R S Kucherlapati, P Lang, A E Roberts, J Starý, B Strahm, K D Swanson, M Trebo, M Zecca, B Neel, F Locatelli, M L Loh, M Zenker
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Paediatric cardiologist is found guilty of sexually motivated behaviour towards boys
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The former head of cardiology at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London “abused his position as a doctor in the most reprehensible way” over 13 years, the UK Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service has found.

Philipp Bonhoeffer’s case “represents one of the most serious forms of abuse both of young boys and of his own privileged position as a member of the medical profession,” declared the service’s fitness to practise panel.

The panel, which hears cases brought by the regulator of the UK medical profession, the General Medical Council, found Bonhoeffer’s fitness to practise impaired and struck him off the medical register. The cardiologist’s “apparently complete lack of insight” and failure to take action to remedy his misconduct meant a substantial risk of repetition in the future, the panel added.

As the BMJ went to press the panel was considering whether to strike Bonhoeffer off the medical register.

The panel found Bonhoeffer guilty of sexually …
Limitation of Fasting Plasma Glucose for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Richard Taylor, Paul Zimmet
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

We have analyzed data from 3370 OGTTs performed during epidemiologic studies in three different ethnic groups (Micronesian, Polynesian, and Melanesian) in various Pacific countries to examine the value of a single fasting plasma glucose ≥ 140 mg/dl as a diagnostic test for diabetes (defined as 2-h plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl). A fasting plasma glucose ≥ 140 mg/dl is a highly specific test for diabetes, specificity in the various populations ranging from 98.1% to 99.7%. On the other hand, the sensitivity of fasting plasma glucose was not high and varied greatly between the populations (46.2%–79.0%). The predictive value of fasting plasma glucose for the diagnosis of diabetes was lowest in populations with a low diabetes prevalence and improved in higher prevalence groups. These data indicate that a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 140 mg/dl is not a good screening test, apart from populations with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and the 2-h postload plasma glucose is preferable.
Tumor-suppressive effect of a telomerase-derived peptide by inhibiting hypoxia-induced HIF-1α-VEGF signaling axis
Authors: Bu-Kyung Kim, Bo-Ram Kim, Hyun-Joo Lee, Seoung-Ae Lee, Byoung-Jun Kim, Hong Kim, Yu-Sub Won, Won-Jun Shon, Na-Rae Lee, Kyung-Soo Inn, Bum-Joon Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Covered self-expandable metal stents in pancreatic malignancy regardless of resectability: a new concept validated by a decision analysis
Authors: M. Kahaleh, A. Brock, M. Conaway, V. Shami, J. Dumonceau, P. Northup, J. Tokar, T. Rich, R. Adams, P. Yeaton
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de M. Kahaleh et al., pp. 319Endoscopy 2007; 39(04): 382-383DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306923
Is the Dream of EVAR Over?
Authors: Joshua A. Beckman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disorder fraught with contradictions. It is mostly benign, causing no limitation in daily activity. Yet the first occasion of symptoms, aneurysm rupture, is often lethal. Moreover, surgical repair of the asymptomatic AAA causes substantial morbidity and is considered the exemplar of high-risk elective surgery.1 Research over the past two decades has made it clear that screening reduces AAA-related deaths2 and that the appropriate timing of surgical repair improves outcomes.3 This large body of work resulted in the acceptance of AAA screening as a benefit by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and . . .
SUMOylation of Krüppel-like transcription factor 5 acts as a molecular switch in transcriptional programs of lipid metabolism involving PPAR-δ
Authors: Yumiko Oishi, Ichiro Manabe, Kazuyuki Tobe, Mitsuru Ohsugi, Tetsuya Kubota, Katsuhito Fujiu, Koji Maemura, Naoto Kubota, Takashi Kadowaki, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Abstract 2639: A community-based study of nucleotide excision repair polymorphisms in relation to risk of non-melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Lee E. Wheless, Emily Kistner-Griffin, Timothy J. Jorgensen, Ingo Ruczinski, Yvette Berthier-Schaad, Bailey Kessing, Judith Hoffman-Bolton, Lesley Woodward, Yin Yao, Paul T. Strickland, W.H Linda Kao, Rhoda M. Alani, Michael W. Smith, Anthony J. Alberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is responsible for protecting DNA in skin cells against ultraviolet radiation-induced damage. Using a candidate pathway approach, a matched case-control study nested within a prospective, community-based cohort was carried out to test the hypothesis that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NER genes are associated with susceptibility to non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Histologically-confirmed cases of NMSC (n=900) were matched to controls (n=900) on age, gender, and skin type. Associations were measured between NMSC and 221 SNPs in 26 NER genes. Using the additive model, two tightly linked functional SNPs in ERCC6 were significantly associated with increased risk of NMSC: rs2228527 (odds ratio (OR) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 - 2.05), and rs2228529 (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.20 - 2.05). These associations were confined to basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC) (rs2228529, OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.30 - 2.44; rs2228527 OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.31 - 2.43). These novel, hypothesis-generating findings suggest functional variants in ERCC6 may be associated with an increased risk of NMSC that may be specific to BCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2639. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2639
Guinea pigs sublethally infected with aerosolized Legionella pneumophila develop humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and are protected against lethal aerosol challenge. A model for studying host defense against lung infections caused by intracellular pathogens.
Authors: R F Breiman, M A Horwitz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

We have employed the guinea pig model of L. pneumophila infection, which mimics Legionnaires' disease in humans both clinically and pathologically, to study humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to L. pneumophila and to examine protective immunity after aerosol exposure, the natural route of infection. Guinea pigs exposed to sublethal concentrations of L. pneumophila by aerosol developed strong humoral immune responses. By the indirect fluorescent antibody assay, exposed guinea pigs had a median serum antibody titer (expressed as the reciprocal of the highest positive dilution) of 32, whereas control guinea pigs had a median titer of less than 1. Sublethally infected (immunized) guinea pigs also developed strong cell-mediated immune responses. In response to L. pneumophila antigens, splenic lymphocytes from immunized but not control animals proliferated strongly in vitro, as measured by their capacity to incorporate [3H]thymidine. Moreover, immunized but not control guinea pigs developed strong cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity to intradermally injected L. pneumophila antigens. Sublethally infected (immunized) guinea pigs exhibited strong protective immunity to L. pneumophila. In two independent experiments, all 22 immunized guinea pigs survived aerosol challenge with one or three times the lethal dose of L. pneumophila whereas none of 16 sham-immunized control guinea pigs survived (p less than 0.0001 in each experiment). Immunized guinea pigs were not protected significantly from challenge with 10 times the lethal dose. Immunized but not control animals cleared the bacteria from their lungs. This study demonstrates that guinea pigs sublethally infected with L. pneumophila by the aerosol route develop strong humoral immune responses to this pathogen, develop strong cell-mediated immune responses and cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity to L. pneumophila antigens, are protected against subsequent lethal aerosol challenge, and are able to clear the bacteria from their lungs. The guinea pig model of L. pneumophila pulmonary infection is as an excellent one for studying general principles of host defense against pulmonary infections caused by intracellular pathogens.
Selling the pathology service
Authors: D J Stoker, C H Paine
Journal: BMJ (1990)

REPLY,-My article made clear that single enzyme measurements are rarely diagnostic in the first 12 hours.Serial measurements are more useful, but in the real world of a busy hospital and an understaffed biochemistry laboratory this is unlikely to find much favour, particularly when the method requires four hourly blood sampling and construction of a "log creatine kinase slope."Even if the method were practicable it would not permit diagnosis until 12 hours or more after admission (perhaps 16 hours after infarction), when the benefits of thrombolytic treatment are considerably diminished and when electrocardiography often shows unequivocal changes.Practical considerations aside, I am less enthusiastic than Dr Mullen about the validity of this method.The main differential diagnosis in patients with cardiac chest pain is between unstable angina and acute infarction.Difficulties arise only if the electrocardiogram taken on ad- mission to hospital is non-diagnostic, and an additional test may be required.Collinson et al gave no information about admission electro- cardiograms, and in the 1989 study only one patient had unstable angina compared with 34 with acute infarction-which makes it difficult to assess the test's discriminatory value.Indeed, they seem to acknowledge this difficulty by diagnosing five patients as "ischaemia ?infarction," a conundrum that was not resolved by measuring creatine kinase activity.Dr Mullen asserts that accurate diagnosis can be obtained from a time-activity slope based on only two data points.This is hard to accept, and I would point out that only four of his patients had non-diagnostic electrocardiograms on admission and there was no proper control group of patients with unstable angina.It would be interesting to know how many of the electrocardiograms remained non-diagnostic 16 hours after infarction when Dr Mullen was still gathering blood samples for log creatine kinase analysis.