tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What do psychiatric inpatients really want?
Authors: A. White, E. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1989)

authority populations as being crucial to success.To ensure that the new health service works for populations as well as for individual patients a director of public health must be an executive member of every new health authority, alongside the general manager and the finance director.Otherwise, directors of public health and health authorities will be unable to fulfil all the requirements of HC(88)64 and the white paper.
Predictors of Proximal Aortic Dissection at the Time of Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Y. von Kodolitsch, O. Simic, A. Schwartz, C. Dresler, R. Loose, M. Staudt, J. Ostermeyer, A. Haverich, C. A. Nienaber
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Type I aortic dissection develops in 0.6% of patients late after aortic valve replacement (AVR), and 13% of patients with type I aortic dissections have a history of AVR. Predictors of aortic dissection at AVR, however, have not been characterized.A study group of 33 patients with type I aortic dissection had aortic surgery 49+/-55 months after routine AVR. A group of 101 controls, who did not have morphological progression of aortic diameters >/=6 years after AVR, was used to identify predictors of postsurgical dissection. Multivariate analysis identified aortic regurgitation (P<0.002) and fragility (P<0.001) or thinning of the aortic wall (P<0.007) at AVR as predictors, associated with a 14%, 22%, and 7% probability of late aortic dissection, respectively. Clamping times, types of valve prostheses, concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, and mean ascending aortic diameters of 43+/-10 mm at AVR did not predict late dissection. A separate analysis of 29 nondissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta developing 104+/-64 months after routine AVR revealed younger age at AVR (P<0.003) and congenitally bicuspid aortic valves (P<0.03) as predictors of late aneurysm formation.Aortic regurgitation combined with fragile and thinned aortic walls in patients with moderate aortic dilation may reflect aortic root disease, with a high risk for postsurgical aortic sequelae if it is treated incompletely by isolated valve replacement.
Impact of specialty of admitting physician and type of hospital on care and outcome for myocardial infarction in England and Wales during 2004-5: observational study
Authors: John S Birkhead, Clive Weston, Derek Lowe
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To examine process of care and outcome for patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction to hospitals in England and Wales in relation to type of consultant care and type of hospital. <b>Design</b> Observational study of 88 782 patients admitted with myocardial infarction during 2004-5, using records from the national audit of myocardial infarction project (MINAP) database. <b>Outcome measures</b> Use of reperfusion treatment and secondary prevention drugs, use of angiography, and 90 day mortality of patients admitted under the care of cardiologists and non-cardiologists in hospitals with and without facilities for coronary intervention. <b>Findings</b> 36% of patients were admitted under the care of a cardiologist and 20% to a hospital with coronary interventional facilities. Patients admitted under cardiologists had fewer comorbidities than other patients and were more likely to have reperfusion treatment (12 266/14 433 (85%) <i>v</i> 13 682/17 064 (80%)) and appropriate secondary prevention drugs. Overall, 27 431/79 374 (35%) of patients had angiography. Relatively more patients admitted to interventional hospitals (8167/14 661; 56%) than to other hospitals had angiography (19 264/64 713; 30%). The adjusted risk of death by 90 days for patients treated in interventional compared with non-interventional hospitals was 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.82 to 1.06). The adjusted risk of death at 90 days for patients admitted under cardiologists compared with non-cardiologists was 0.86 (0.81 to 0.91). <b>Conclusions</b> Patients cared for by cardiologists had less comorbidity than other patients. They were more likely to receive proved treatments and angiography, and they had a lower adjusted 90 day mortality. Large differences existed in the use of angiography between interventional and non-interventional hospitals. These findings show wide variations in the management and outcome of patients with myocardial infarction in England and Wales.
HIV and measures to control infection in general practice.
Authors: C Foy, M Gallagher, T Rhodes, J Setters, P Philips, C Donaldson, J Bond, M Moore, S Naji
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the impact of HIV on procedures to control infection in general practices. DESIGN--A postal questionnaire survey. SETTING--General practices throughout Britain. SUBJECTS--5359 General practitioners, 3429 (63.9%) of whom returned the questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Response to questionnaire on knowledge about HIV and policies for controlling infection. RESULTS--Most doctors (2018) had started to wear gloves when taking blood. Almost half (1510) had not resheathed needles previously but a further 776 had adopted this policy because of HIV. Over half of the doctors did not know or were unsure about the risk of infection from needlestick injuries, and 1759 had no practice policy for controlling infection. CONCLUSIONS--Many doctors are uncertain about measures to control infection in general practice. More information and advice are needed to help doctors develop policies to protect patients and staff.
791 INTERLEUKIN-6, GENDER AND RISK OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE
Authors: E. Fumolo, E. Fornasiere, D. Bitetto, E. Fontanini, A. Cussigh, W. Bragagnini, E. Falleti, C. Fabris, R. Minisini, P. Toniutto, M. Pirisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Support of the Failing Circulation: The Use of a Pump Oxygenator in Clinical Cardiac Failure
Authors: Paul C. Adkins
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This monograph documents the experimental and clinical efforts of Dr. Kennedy and his associates at the Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital in the field of mechanical assistance in managing intractable heart-failure. In contrast to other current projects utilizing specific devices for this, Dr. Kennedy's work is concerned with support of the failing heart, utilizing readily available equipment normally employed for cardiopulmonary bypass.  An appropriate forward has been written by Dr. John Gibbon, and the first portion of the book deals with the history of assisted circulation. Experimental and physiological considerations of various methods of extracorporeal circulatory support are reviewed. The authors outline their criteria for selecting patients for treatment by mechanical assistance in both right and left heart-failure. The necessity for serial hemodynamic observations is emphasized in order to make a decision for or against mechanical assistance. The clinical experiences of this group are reported in detail on 13 patients who
Combined factor VII/protein C deficiency results in intrauterine coagulopathy in mice
Authors: Joyce C.Y. Chan, Ivo Cornelissen, Desire Collen, Victoria A. Ploplis, Francis J. Castellino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

To determine whether an additional loss of the coagulation factor VII (FVII) gene influenced the coagulopathy observed in protein C gene-deficient (PC(-/-)) embryos and neonates, we crossed mice doubly heterozygous for the factor VII (FVII(+/-)) and protein C (PC(+/-)) genes to produce offspring possessing the 9 predicted genotypic combinations. FVII(-/-)/PC(-/-) embryos, although present at their expected Mendelian frequency, displayed a phenotype that had not been observed in either the FVII or PC singly deficient embryos. At E12.5 days postcoitum (dpc), FVII(-/-)/PC(-/-) embryos demonstrated an intra- and extravascular coagulopathy that progressed with substantial concomitant hemorrhage and peripheral edema by E17.5dpc, resulting in mortality immediately after birth. FVII(+/-)/PC(-/-) embryos showed a less severe phenotype, suggesting a gene dosage effect. The lack of rescue of PC(-/-) embryos and neonates and augmented coagulopathy resulting from an additional heterozygous or homozygous FVII deficiency are probably due to increased factor Xa and thrombin generation, resulting from loss of FVIIa-dependent tissue factor pathway inhibitor function and the absence of control at the levels of factors Va and VIIIa. The presence of fibrin in embryos in the absence of fetal FVII suggests that significant clot-generating potential exists outside of the embryonic factor VII-dependent pathway.
66 CONTROL OF BILE ACIDS LEVELS BY FGF15 IS ESSENTIAL FOR NORMAL LIVER REGENERATION AFTER PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY
Authors: I. Uriarte, M.G. Fernández de Barrena, M.J. Monte, E. Vicente, C.M. Rodriguez-Ortigosa, C. Berasain, J.J. Marín, J. Prieto, M.A. Avila
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
AN EMERGENCY CASE OF CESAREAN SECTION UNDER THE POSITIVE INDICATION, WITH TERMINATION IN RECOVERY.
Authors: MICH. T. NAUGHTON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Mrs. X. was admitted to the Englewood Union Hospital on the night of July 25, 1901. She had been in labor for 24 hours. The following history was elicited: Bohemian, age 30; ii-para; 5 ft. 4 in. in height; weight 120 pounds. At the birth of the second child the cervix was severely lacerated and the perineum ruptured through the sphincter ani. For a period of six weeks she suffered from septicemia. Seven months after the birth of this child she entered a hospital and underwent an operation for the repair of the cervix and perineum. This was after-ward ward shown to be an ablation of the cervix well into the lower uterine segment, and almost complete obliteration of the os uteri. Diagnosis: An almost normal pelvis. The osseous system showed no signs of rachitis. There was no, spinal curvature and the long bones were perfect in shape and conformation. A
The FGF-BMP Signaling Axis Regulates Outflow Tract Valve Primordium Formation by Promoting Cushion Neural Crest Cell Differentiation
Authors: Jue Zhang, Julia Y.F. Chang, Yanqing Huang, Xiang Lin, Yongde Luo, Robert J. Schwartz, James F. Martin, Fen Wang
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Heart valves develop from precursor structures called cardiac cushions, an endothelial-lined cardiac jelly that resides in the inner side of the heart tube. The cushions are then invaded by cells from different sources, undergo a series of complicated and poorly understood remodeling processes, and give rise to valves. Disruption of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling axis impairs morphogenesis of the outflow tract (OFT). Yet, whether FGF signaling regulates OFT valve formation is unknown.To study how OFT valve formation is regulated and how aberrant cell signaling causes valve defects.By using mouse genetic manipulation, cell lineage tracing, ex vivo heart culture, and molecular biology approaches, we demonstrated that FGF signaling in the OFT myocardium upregulated Bmp4 expression, which then enhanced smooth muscle differentiation of neural crest cells (NCCs) in the cushion. FGF signaling also promoted OFT myocardial cell invasion to the cushion. Disrupting FGF signaling interrupted cushion remodeling with reduced NCCs differentiation into smooth muscle and less cardiomyocyte invasion and resulted in malformed OFT valves.The results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which the FGF-BMP signaling axis regulates formation of OFT valve primordia by controlling smooth muscle differentiation of cushion NCCs.
Hydroxydione Injection Technique
Authors: J. W. Dundee, Leo. McArdle
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Locked inpatient units are an increasing phenomenon, introduced in response to unforseen abscondences and suicides of patients. This paper identifies some value issues concerning the practice of locked psychiatric inpatient units. Broad strategies, practicalities and ethical matters that must be considered in inpatient mental health services are also explored. The authors draw on the published research and commentary to derive relevant information to provide to patients and staff regarding the aims and rationales of locked units. Further debate is warranted in relation to best practice. Inpatient staff need to be aware of their practice values, be able to access education and supervision and negotiate apparent contradictions. Further patient/clinician focused enquiry is necessary to mitigate the negative and stigmatising effects of locked mental health units.
Learning to pair therapies and the expanding matrix for pulmonary arterial hypertension: is more better?
Authors: M. Gomberg-Maitland
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Study design for treatment of a rare disease with few therapeutic options is straightforward as “something is likely better than nothing”. With the surge of therapeutic options for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) since the late 1990s, trials have been designed based on limited data without the luxury of patient numbers. As community physicians can offer combination therapy without evidence of benefit, clinical trialists are challenged to accrue patients to studies to prove what some envision is intuitively obvious, that combining active agents is likely to be better than treatment with a single agent. PAH is a debilitating, progressive condition with diverse causes, and for a disease with no therapeutic cure, targeting multiple pathways concurrently is appealing. However, without prior evidence for safety and activity, it is entirely possible that some combinations might be more harmful than helpful.

PAH is an angioproliferative vasculopathy resulting from abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle cell interactions, which leads to a progressive narrowing of the pulmonary arteries and their branches, resulting in right-heart failure and death. At the cellular level, PAH is characterised by vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction and smooth muscle cell proliferation of the pulmonary arterioles, a process known as vascular remodelling, and in situ thrombosis of the small pulmonary arteries 1, 2. Proliferating endothelial cells obliterate medium-sized pre-capillary arteries 3, 4, thereby forming the characteristic “plexiform” lesions. At the molecular level, the balance of vasculature regulation shifts towards factors that produce vasoconstriction and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Animal models and culture of cells from patients with PAH have demonstrated dysregulation of specific mediators of various signalling pathways, including: prostacyclin 5–7; nitric oxide (NO); and endothelin 8–10. Angiopoietins 11, 12, autoantibodies 13, and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines have also been implicated 14. …
An ethnopharmacological investigation of medicinal Salvia plants (Lamiaceae) in China
Authors: Minhui Li, Qianquan Li, Chunhong Zhang, Na Zhang, Zhanhu Cui, Luqi Huang, Peigen Xiao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

In China, over 40 species of the genus Salvia have been used as medicinal plants for various diseases, some for thousands of years. Recently, research has focused on the biological activities of Salvia medicinal plants used in traditional chinese medicine (TCM). However, to date a scientific survey of the genus Salvia in China has not been carried out. In this paper, we report the results of 10 field surveys of Salvia medicinal plants collected in 17 provinces including detailed information on their local names, growing environment, distribution and therapeutic effects. We also summarize the results of research on the materia medica, phytochemistry and pharmacology of some of the important Salvia medicinal plants. Our study reveals that 35 Salvia plants have been used in TCM in different regions of China, including 20 species used as Danshen to treat heart diseases, and 15 species used to treat a range of other conditions including gynecological diseases, muscular or skeletal problems, hepatitis, urological diseases, and mouth and eye conditions. It is clear that some species of Salvia L. possess significant pharmacological activity in the context of ethnopharmacological knowledge, especially in the treatment of heart disease. Further studies of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Salvia species will no doubt improve their medical utilization and contribute to the development of new natural drugs.
Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles
Authors: Richard J. Mahler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Medical Writings15 December 1997Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical PrinciplesRichard J. Mahler, MDRichard J. Mahler, MDCornell University Medical College, New York, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00049 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Conn PM, Melmed S, eds. 448 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 1997. $125.00. ISBN 089603349X. Order phone 201-256-1699.Field of medicine: Endocrinology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians, scientists, and students who need a high-quality, current reference to the general field of endocrinology, especially those interested in the mechanisms of endocrinologic disease processes and research.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive knowledge base for the clinical science of endocrinology.Content: The section entitled “Hormone Secretion and Action” contains a comprehensive discussion of hormone receptors, second messenger systems, and signal transduction mechanisms. It contains a detailed and current review of the mechanisms of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1140KeywordsDiabetes mellitusEndocrinologyHormonesParathyroid hormoneProlactinThyroidThyroid hormonesTreatment guidelinesTumor suppressor genesVitamin D ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Familial hyperinsulinism maps to chromosome 11p14–15.1, 30 cM centromeric to the insulin gene
Authors: B. Glaser, K.C. Chiu, R. Anker, A. Nestorowicz, H. Landau, H. Ben-Bassat, Z. Shlomai, N. Kaiser, P.S. Thornton, C.A. Stanley, R.S. Spielman, K. Gogolin-Ewens, E. Cerasi, L. Baker, J. Rice, H. Donis-Keller, M.A. Permutt
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Operation for the Radical Cure of Congenital Inguinal Hernia in the Child
Authors: G. Buchanan
Journal: BMJ (1879)

upon the lands lying to the west, and have penetrated almost to the heart of Europe, the Turks, the Magyars, the Finns, and others, have for so many generations intermingled with the people through whom they have passed in their migrations, or have found in the countries in which they have ultimately settled, that their original physical characters have been completely modified.Even the Lapps, a diminutive race of nomads inhabiting the most northern parts of Europe, supposed to be of Mongolian descent, show so little of the special attributes of that race that it is difficult to assign them a place in a classification based on physical characters.Their crania are remarkably capacious (one in the collection being as large as i8oo cubic centintRires, and another i6oo).They are brachycephalic, having a latituidinal index (average of seven) of 812.The orbital index of the same number is 984.The nasi-malar index, though lower than in the true Mongolian, being about I36 deg., is higher than in the other Europeans.
Isolation and Characterization of the Genomic Region from Drosophila kuntzei Containing the Adh and Adhr Genes
Authors: Jantien E. Oppentocht, Wilke van Delden, Louis van de Zande
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

The nucleotide sequences of the Adh and Adhr genes of Drosophila kuntzei were derived from combined overlapping sequences of clones isolated from a genomic library and from cloned PCR and inverse-PCR fragments. Only a proximal promoter was detected upstream of the Adh gene, indicating that D. kuntzeiAdh is regulated by a one-promoter system. Further upstream of the Adh structural gene, an adult enhancer region (AAE) was found that contains most of the regulatory sequences described for AAEs of other Drosophila species. Analysis of the ADH protein showed an amino acid change from valine to threonine in the active site at position 189 which is also found in D. funebris but is otherwise unique among Drosophila. This difference alone may be responsible for the very low ADH activity found in this species and may cause a difference in substrate usage pattern. Codon bias in Adh and Adhr was comparable and found to be very low compared with other species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that D. kuntzei is closest related to D. funebris and D. immigrans. The time of divergence between D. kuntzei and D. funebris was estimated to be 14.2–20.2 Myr and that between D. kuntzei-D. funebris and D. immigrans to be 30.8–44.0 Myr. An analysis of the genetic variation in the Adh gene and upstream sequences of four European strains showed that this gene was highly variable. Overall nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.0139, which is two times higher than that in D. melanogaster.
Abstract 2570: Combination studies of EC145 with approved anti-cancer drugs for ovarian cancer
Authors: Joseph A. Reddy, Alicia Bloomfield, Melissa Nelson, Ryan Dorton, Christopher P. Leamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract EC145, a potent folate-targeted Vinca alkaloid conjugate, is currently being evaluated in a phase 2 study of EC145 + DOXIL® compared with DOXIL® alone, in women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Since EC145's toxicity profile is appearing to be non-overlapping with many of the existing approved drugs for ovarian cancer, we tested the effects of combining EC145 with some of these drugs. Thus, EC145 was evaluated in combination with cisplatin, carboplatin, docetaxel, topotecan or DOXIL® against folate receptor (FR)-positive human tumor xenograft models in vivo. In these studies, EC145 was purposely administered at a non-curative dose level while the non-targeted combination drugs were given at ∼50-75% of their MTD values. When tested as single agents against the FR-positive KB tumor model, partial anti-tumor responses were typically observed. In contrast, significantly greater anti-tumor activity with no detectable increase in toxicity was observed when EC145 was tested in combination. For example, 100% cures resulted when EC145 was combined with cisplatin or docetaxel, 80% cures with carboplatin or DOXIL®, and 40% cures with topotecan. Overall, these data provide support for the evaluation of EC145 in combination with numerous agents with different mechanisms of action for the treatment of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2570. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2570
Anti-TNFα therapy did not increase short- or medium-term risk for cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Malcolm Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Askling J, van Vollenhoven RF, Granath F, et al. Cancer risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapies: does the risk change with the time since start of treatment? Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:3180-9. 19877027