tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bone and Lymph Node Metastases From Neuroblastoma Detected by 18F-DOPA-PET/CT and Confirmed by Posttherapy 131I-MIBG but Negative on Diagnostic 123I-MIBG Scan
Authors: Arnoldo Piccardo, Egesta Lopci, Massimo Conte, Manlio Cabria, Angelina Cistaro, Alberto Garaventa, Giampiero Villavecchia
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report the case of a 6-year-old child with stage 4 neuroblastoma, previously treated with chemotherapy, which relapsed in the right mandibular branch, right submandibular lymph nodes, and bone marrow. These sites of recurrence were detected on diagnostic 123I-MIBG and confirmed by 18F-DOPA-PET/CT, which revealed the following 2 additional sites of disease: in the skull base and the left supraclavicular lymph nodes. The patient was scheduled for radioiodine therapy and received a total dose of 7400 MBq (200 mCi) of 131I-MIBG. The whole-body scan, acquired 72 hours later, revealed all sites of disease detected by 18F-DOPA-PET/CT, including those negative on 123I-MIBG scan.
Non-respiratory symptoms of acute asthma.
Authors: J Shneerson
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Asthma is usually defined as widespread reversible intra- pulmonary airflow obstruction and in a recent textbook on asthma no mention of non-respiratory symptoms is made.1There have, however, been occasional reports of such symp- toms in patients with asthma2-4 and the aim of this study was to examine their nature and how frequently they occur. Patients, methods, and resultsThirty consecutive patients with asthma attending the chest outpatient clinics at Newmarket General and Adden- brooke's Hospitals were studied.Their details are shown in
The Physician-Druggist.
Authors: N. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Springfield, Ohio, Dec. 10, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In issue of December 8, ofThe Journal, p. 1485, in the editorial entitled "The Physician-Druggist" you state that there seems to be no adequate reason why regular medical societies should refuse membership to a physician-pharmacist. Please allow me to disagree with you very decidedly on this point. I know of no pharmacist that is not a dealer in all forms of nostrums and patent medicines; they display advertisements in their windows and shelves, and use many means to increase their sale. Is not this sufficient reason that they should be rigorously excluded from all regular medical societies? Or should we affiliate with them and pretend to endorse such methods as they pursue? Very respectfully, [Our correspondent evidently did not read the editorial right. Physicians can, and do have, drug stores in small villages all over the country, and yet are
Clinical Predictors of Health-related Quality of Life Depend on Asthma Severity
Authors: MARILYN L. MOY, ELLIOT ISRAEL, SCOTT T. WEISS, ELIZABETH F. JUNIPER, LOUISE DUBÉ, JEFFREY M. DRAZEN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program guidelines define asthma severity before treatment by lung function and symptoms. It has been assumed, but not demonstrated, that improvement in these measures would translate into improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQL). Because HRQL is an important outcome in asthma management, we asked what are the determinants of HRQL? To address this question, we retrospectively analyzed HRQL data, as measured by the Juniper Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, in subjects with mild versus moderate-severe asthma from two clinical trials. We examined whether these traditional clinical outcomes have different relationships to HRQL depending on asthma severity. We also assessed whether the relationship between clinical outcomes and HRQL in subjects with moderate-severe asthma would change when subjects improved to mild-moderate disease with controller medication treatment. Lung function was not an independent predictor or determinant of HRQL at any level of asthma severity, whereas intensity of shortness of breath predicted HRQL at all levels of asthma severity. Rescue beta-agonist use independently predicted HRQL in subjects with mild asthma, but not in those with moderate-severe asthma. In subjects with moderate-severe asthma who improved to mild-moderate disease with controller treatment, rescue beta-agonist use predicted HRQL. We conclude that the independent determinants of HRQL vary according to asthma severity and change with asthma treatment.
Hypoglycaemia and pleural tumours
Authors: C. S. H. Ng, C. Y. H. Wong, T. W. Lee, A. P. C. Yim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

To the Editors: 

We read with interest the article by Metintas et al. 1 on nonmalignant pleural lesions and their association with asbestos exposure. It is worth noting that another form of pleural-based tumour, solitary fibrous tumour, remains a distinct entity and interestingly has not been linked to asbestos exposure 2, 3. Asbestos usually causes more diffuse forms of pleural lesions 4. Solitary fibrous tumours are rare tumours with a 12–13% rate …
A Series on Patient Safety
Authors: Lucian Leape, Arnold M. Epstein, Mary Beth Hamel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

When the Institute of Medicine (IOM) released its report, To Err Is Human, 1 the speed and intensity with which it captured media, public, political, and professional attention surprised everyone. Neither the shocking statistics nor the central message — that errors are caused by faulty systems — was new, but the report forcefully brought them to public awareness. Within days, Congress scheduled hearings and President Bill Clinton instructed the Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force to analyze the report. Sixty days later, on the recommendation of the task force, the President called on all federal health agencies to implement the IOM recommendations. . . .
Fixed-dose combination antituberculosis therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Amr S. Albanna, Benjamin M. Smith, Deanna Cowan, Dick Menzies
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulations are currently recommended for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB). We have conducted a systematic review to evaluate the risk of treatment failure or disease relapse, acquired drug resistance, bacterial conversion after 2 months of treatment, adverse events, adherence and treatment satisfaction associated with treatment of active TB using FDC or separate drug formulations. We searched four electronic databases for randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. Results from trials that directly compared FDC to separate drug formulations were pooled. Results from other studies were reported separately. We identified 2450 citations from which 15 controlled trials and four additional relevant studies were included. In the 15 trials there were no differences in acquired drug resistance, bacterial conversion after 2 months of treatment or adverse drug reactions with FDC or separate drug formulations. There was a trend toward higher risk of failure or relapse with FDC (pooled relative risk 1.28 (95% CI 0.99–1.7)). Based on individual study results, only one of two trials that assessed treatment satisfaction, and none of five that assessed patient adherence, favoured FDCs. Although FDC formulations simplify TB therapy, the current evidence does not indicate that these formulations improve treatment outcomes among patients with active TB.
Re: Kenneth G. Nepple, Andrew J. Stephenson, Dorina Kallogjeri, et al. Mortality After Prostate Cancer Treatment with Radical Prostatectomy, External-Beam Radiation Therapy, or Brachytherapy in Men Without Comorbidity. Eur Urol 2013;64:372–8
Authors: Michael Froehner
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Bone: Fundamentals of the Physiology of Skeletal Tissue
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Surprisingly, some members of the scientific community cling to the concept of bone as a more or less inert support for the body. Others, who understand its role in a variety of intricate physiologic reactions, realize that bone is one of the most dynamic tissues. Research scientists respond to the challenge of complex bone structure and function by a multitude of approaches— biochemistry, crystal dynamics, histochemistry, electron microscopy, radioactive tracers, x-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance, infrared spectroscopy, vital stains, microradiography—which lead to rapid advances. To produce a coherent treatise which bridges the gap between these various disciplines is indeed difficult. The authors review pertinent literature and accomplish their avowed purpose as they show how each important advance uncovers certain facets, all of which in proper perspective produce a unified concept of bone structure and function. The book contains much information, but more importantly, it presents a panorama of bone as
Identification of genomic aberrations associated with disease transformation by means of high‐resolution SNP array analysis in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Elisa Rumi, Ashot Harutyunyan, Chiara Elena, Daniela Pietra, Thorsten Klampfl, Klaudia Bagienski, Tiina Berg, Ilaria Casetti, Cristiana Pascutto, Francesco Passamonti, Robert Kralovics, Mario Cazzola
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). These disorders may undergo phenotypic shifts, and may specifically evolve into secondary myelofibrosis (MF) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We studied genomic changes associated with these transformations in 29 patients who had serial samples collected in different phases of disease. Genomic DNA from granulocytes, i.e., the myeloproliferative genome, was processed and hybridized to genome-wide human SNP 6.0 arrays. Most patients in chronic phase had chromosomal regions with uniparental disomy (UPD) and/or copy number changes. Disease progression to secondary MF or AML was associated with the acquisition of additional chromosomal aberrations in granulocytes (P = 0.002). A close relationship was observed between aberrations of chromosome 9p (UPD and/or gain) and progression from PV to post-PV MF (P = 0.002). The acquisition of one or more aberrations involving chromosome 5, 7, or 17p was specifically associated with progression to AML (OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.2-27.7, P = 0.006), and significantly affected overall survival (HR 18, 95% CI 1.9-164, P = 0.01). These observations indicate that disease progression from chronic-phase MPN to secondary MF or AML is associated with specific chromosomal aberrations that can be detected by means of high-resolution SNP array analysis of granulocyte DNA.
Medicare Head Donald M. Berwick, MD, Takes on Mission of Health System Reform
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bacterial flora in intestinal amoebiasis.
Authors: F P Antia, H G Desai, P M Chaphekar, R H Chhabra, R H Swami, A V Borkar
Journal: Gut (1965)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The authors have studied 203 patients infected with Entamoeba histolytica and have cultured their stools for bacteria using standard methods.No attempt has been made to isolate pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli.No bacterial pattern has been found to be associated with the presence of Entamoeba histolytica in the gut.
Effect of Contrast Agents on Platelet Aggregation and<sup>14</sup>C-Serotonin Release
Authors: L. M. Zir, A. C. Carvalho, J. W. Harthorne, R. W. Colman, R. S. Lees
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

A NUMBER of agents are known to inhibit platelet function and potentially to prolong the bleeding time.1 Failure to obtain a history of ingestion of one of these agents frequently leads to misinterpretation of platelet abnormalities. In the course of studying platelet behavior in patients with coronary-artery disease we have observed that a contrast agent used in selective coronary angiography can produce profound alterations in platelet-function tests. Methods The contrast agents used for angiography (Renografin 76) and left ventricular cineangiography (Renovist II) are products of E.R. Squibb and Sons, Incorporated, and contain, respectively, meglumine diatrizoate (66 and 28.5 per cent), . . .
Scleroderma and Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Mansour Shoaleh-var
Journal: JAMA (1976)

SCLERODERMA has been reported in association with Hashimoto thyroiditis, Sjögren syndrome, congenital hypergammaglobulinemia, myasthenia gravis, mycosis fungoides, muscular dystrophy, and urticaria pigmentosa; and hyperthyroidism in association with thyroid acropachy, vitiligo, pretibial myxedema, alopecia areata, and melanoderma.<sup>1-3</sup>Even scleroderma-like thickening of extremities has been reported as a skin manifestation of hyperthyroidism,<sup>4</sup>but, to the best of our knowledge, scleroderma has not been reported in direct association with hyperthyroidism. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 40-year-old woman was admitted to the Khorshid Medical Center, affiliated with Isfahan University, in September 1973, complaining of palpitation, tremor of hands, dysphagia, and pain in the extremities, all of six months' duration. History disclosed pain in the joints when exposed to cold, and amenorrhea for 18 months prior to admission. On physical examination, the pulse rate was 110 beats per minute; and blood pressure, 120/75 mm Hg. Temperature was normal. The patient had exophthalmos, with
Aliskiren, a Novel Orally Effective Renin Inhibitor, Provides Dose-Dependent Antihypertensive Efficacy and Placebo-Like Tolerability in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Alan H. Gradman, Roland E. Schmieder, Robert L. Lins, Juerg Nussberger, Yanntong Chiang, Martin P. Bedigian
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Stopping the detrimental effects of the renin-angiotensin system at the most upstream point of the cascade offers theoretical advantages for cardiovascular protection. This study compares the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of the novel oral renin inhibitor aliskiren with placebo and an active comparator. Methods and Results— The study was a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active-comparator 8-week trial in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension (mean sitting diastolic blood pressure [DBP] ≥95 and &lt;110 mm Hg). After a 2-week, single-blind placebo run-in, 652 patients were randomized to receive double-blind treatment with once-daily oral doses of aliskiren (150, 300, or 600 mg), irbesartan 150 mg, or placebo. Aliskiren 150, 300, and 600 mg effectively lowered both trough mean sitting DBP and systolic blood pressure (SBP) ( P &lt;0.001 versus placebo for both variables). The least-squares mean reductions in trough DBP were 9.3±0.8, 11.8±0.8, and 11.5±0.8 mm Hg, respectively, versus 6.3±0.8 mm Hg for placebo, and the least-squares mean reductions in trough SBP were 11.4±1.3, 15.8±1.2, and 15.7±1.2 mm Hg, respectively, versus 5.3±1.2 mm Hg for placebo. The antihypertensive effect of aliskiren 150 mg was comparable to that of irbesartan 150 mg (8.9±0.7 and 12.5±1.2 mm Hg, least-squares reduction in mean sitting DBP and SBP, respectively, for irbesartan). Aliskiren 300 and 600 mg lowered mean sitting DBP significantly more than irbesartan 150 mg ( P &lt;0.05). Aliskiren showed safety and tolerability comparable to those of placebo and irbesartan; the incidence of adverse events and number of patients discontinuing therapy were similar in all groups. Conclusions— Once-daily oral treatment with aliskiren lowers blood pressure effectively, with a safety and tolerability profile comparable to that of irbesartan and placebo, in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Aliskiren 150 mg is as effective as irbesartan 150 mg in lowering blood pressure.
Laminin γ-1 and collagen α-1 (VI) chain are galactose-α-1,3-galactose-bound allergens in beef
Authors: H. Takahashi, Y. Chinuki, A. Tanaka, E. Morita
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Background Sensitization to the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) has been reported in patients with beef allergy. However, the proteins responsible for this allergy have not yet been identified. This study aimed to identify beef proteins that predominantly react with serum IgE in Japanese patients with beef allergy. Methods Sera were collected from 29 patients with beef allergy who had allergic reaction(s) such as urticaria, abdominal pain, vomiting, and anaphylactic shock after ingestion of beef and pork; the sera tested positive for IgE against beef and pork. IgE-binding proteins were detected by immunoblotting sera from the patients and identified using a combination of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting techniques. The involvement of carbohydrate in the binding of IgE to allergens was examined by periodate treatment and an inhibition assay with cetuximab by immunoblotting. Specific IgE binding to cetuximab was measured using the CAP-fluorescent enzyme immunoassay. Results Two IgE-binding proteins (240 kDa and 140 kDa) were detected in beef extract and identified as laminin γ-1 and the collagen α-1 (VI) chain from Bos taurus, respectively. Periodate treatment or the inhibition assay resulted in the loss of IgE binding to these proteins. Immunoblotting with anti-α-Gal antibody revealed the presence of α-Gal on the 240- and 140-kDa beef proteins. The amount of IgE bound to cetuximab was significantly correlated with that to beef in the patients with beef allergy. Conclusion The carbohydrate moiety (α-Gal) on laminin γ-1 and collagen α-1 (VI) chain are possibly common IgE-reactive proteins in the Japanese patients with beef allergy.
HMGA1 Is a Molecular Determinant of Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Siong-Seng Liau, Edward Whang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: HMGA1 proteins are architectural transcription factors that are overexpressed by pancreatic adenocarcinomas. We previously have shown that RNA interference targeting the HMGA1 gene may represent a potential chemosensitizing strategy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that HMGA1 promotes chemoresistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells. Experimental Design and Results: Stable short hairpin RNA–mediated HMGA1 silencing in BxPC3 and MiaPaCa2 cells promoted chemosensitivity to gemcitabine, with reductions in gemcitabine IC50 and increases in gemcitabine-induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activation. In contrast, forced HMGA1 overexpression in MiaPaCa2 cells promoted chemoresistance to gemcitabine, with increases in gemcitabine IC50 and reductions in gemcitabine-induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activation. Dominant negative Akt abrogated HMGA1 overexpression–induced increases in chemoresistance to gemcitabine. Finally, HMGA1 silencing promoted chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in vivo in a nude mouse xenograft model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that HMGA1 promotes chemoresistance to gemcitabine through an Akt-dependent mechanism. Targeted therapies directed at HMGA1 represent a potential strategy for ameliorating chemoresistance in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Public are unwilling to use available defibrillators, Dutch study finds
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Immediate defibrillation of people with cardiac arrest can save lives, but less than half the people passing through Amsterdam Central Station were willing to use publicly available automated external defibrillators, finds a new study.

The authors call for public education, because effective defibrillation requires fast action by the public, and knowledge is lacking. “Bystanders first of all need to have defibrillation in mind,” they write. In the United States and most of Europe (not, for instance, in France) lay people can use defibrillators without legal liability.

The researchers, from the Department of Anaesthesiology at VU University Medical Centre in Amsterdam surveyed 1018 people at the city’s central railway station: 978 visitors or travellers …
Classical and El Tor cholera: a clinical comparison.
Authors: C. K. Wallace, C. C. Carpenter, P. P. Mitra, R. B. Sack, S. R. Khanra, A. S. Werner, T. P. Duffy, A. Oleinick, G. W. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Spectacle Frame-Sinth, and Weale n ous 447 the lens mount below the point of attachment of the sides (Fig. 4).It follows that some kinds of spectacle frame could contri- bute to the cause of vehicle accidents that seem to be due to unawareness.FRAMES 10 AND 14: Difference in lens apertures..... FRAMES 10 AND 14: Difference in curvature.90 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~90 ..II
COUGHING MADE EASY IN BRONCHIECTASIS.
Authors: H. D. DIDAMA
Journal: JAMA (1893)

A few years ago, at Skaneateles Junction, resided an old lady who for many months had been troubled with a cough which her friends regarded as consumptive. The cough was severe enough at all times, but twice or thrice in twenty-four hours there were violent, long-continued paroxysms attended with copious and extremely fetid expectoration.  I recognized, as you all would, bronchiectasis. The patient had not derived much benefit from the codliver oil and numerous cough medicines which she had taken faithfully in great abundance. Her appearance did not denote tuberculosis, and. under change of treatment relief was afforded, the paroxysms ceased and the offensive odor disappeared.  Recently Mrs. H., of C, about thirty-five years of ago, came under my observation. She had had bronchial catarrh for a year and a half, and a few slight haemorrhages.  After a time the cough became paroxysmal, and during these violent fits, which lasted
THE SUBUNITS IN RABBIT ANTI-FORSSMAN IGM ANTIBODY
Authors: Michael M. Frank, John H. Humphrey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Rabbit IgM anti-Forssman antibody was highly purified and the subunits obtained on reduction and alkylation were labeled radioactively and isolated by two different and unrelated methods. In both cases the subunits were found to have a molecular weight of about 90,000, based on their behavior on density gradient centrifugation and gel filtration, and evidence is given that they contained one light and one heavy chain. The subunits bound only weakly to sheep erythrocyte stroma, and only half could be shown to possess antigen specific sites. The data are consistent with the concept that each anti-Forssman IgM molecule has five effective binding sites, but it is uncertain whether the ineffectiveness of the remaining five H-L chain pairs is inherent in the structure of the IgM molecule or an artifact due to the isolation procedure. Intact IgM anti-Forssman antibody binds very firmly to structures containing multiple repeating antigen sites, and it appears that this is due to the presence of multiple binding sites on the molecule.