tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ROENTGEN STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH GASTRO-INTESTINAL FOOD ALLERGY
Authors: ALBERT H. ROWE
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Roentgen studies of disturbances in the muscular tone and peristaltic activity in the gastro-intestinal tract originating from food allergy will be considered in this contribution. Previously, little attention has been paid to such disturbances. A few interesting observations, however, have been recorded. Crispin, 1 in 1915, in his study of a patient who had suffered from angioneurotic edema, associated with abdominal pain and hematemesis, observed by roentgen ray a lesion near the pylorus, which was found at operation to be due to angioneurotic edema. This is now recognized as an allergic condition. Eyermann 2 in 1927 published the only previous roentgen study of the results of deliberate feeding of an allergenic food on the function of the gastro-intestinal tract. His patient, a woman, aged 35, had had urticaria, epigastric burning, regurgitation, hiccups, alternating constipation and diarrhea, abdominal colic, pain in the upper right part of the abdomen and much intestinal
Acute hepatitis B infection after vaccination
Authors: PaulG. McIntyre, JaneN. Zuckerman, ArieJ. Zuckerman, SheilaM. Burns, PamelaJ. Molyneaux, M.A. Waugh, Anne Ballinger, Michael Clark, Eric Goffin, Yves Horsmans, Chantal Cornu, André Geubel, Yves Pirson
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Hypothyroidism in Workers Exposed to Polybrominated Biphenyls
Authors: Anita K. Bahn, James L. Mills, Peter J. Snyder, Peter H. Gann, Lorne Houten, Ora Bialik, Lena Hollmann, Robert D. Utiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

THE polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) and polybrominated biphenyl oxides (FBBO's) are brominated hydrocarbons that have been used commercially as fire retardants. PBB's in particular are highly lipotropic and are not readily metabolized. As a result, they remain in adipose tissue for extended periods. Concern over toxic effects of PBB's on human beings arose when they were accidentally fed to livestock in Michigan in 1973.1 In August, 1978, a comprehensive medical evaluation was conducted on workers from a plant that manufactured a PBB, decabromobiphenyl, and a PBBO, decabromobiphenyl oxide, and on control groups of workers from other industries. The plant has manufactured . . .
Anomalous processing in schizophrenia suggests adaptive event-action coding requires multiple executive brain mechanisms
Authors: Robert D. Oades, Katja Kreul
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The integration of perceived events with appropriate action usually requires more flexibility to result in adaptive responses than Hommel et al. report in their selective review. The need for hierarchies of function that can intervene and the existence of diverse mediating brain mechanisms can be illustrated by the non-adaptive expression in psychiatric illness of negative priming, blocking, and affective responses.
Dose-Fractionated Radioimmunotherapy in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Using DOTA-Conjugated, 90Y-Radiolabeled, Humanized Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody, Epratuzumab
Authors: Ola Lindén, Cecilia Hindorf, Eva Cavallin-Ståhl, William A. Wegener, David M. Goldenberg, Heather Horne, Tomas Ohlsson, Lars Stenberg, Sven-Erik Strand, Jan Tennvall
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Fractionated radioimmunotherapy may improve therapeutic outcome by decreasing heterogeneity of the dose delivered to the tumor and by decreasing hematologic toxicity, thereby allowing an increased amount of radionuclide to be administered. Because humanized anti-CD22 epratuzumab can be given repeatedly, a single-center study was conducted to establish the feasibility, safety, optimal dosing, and preliminary efficacy of weekly administrations of 90Y-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacyclodecane-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid–conjugated epratuzumab. Experimental Design: Cohorts of three to six patients with B-cell lymphoma received 185 MBq/m2 [90Y]epratuzumab with unconjugated epratuzumab (total protein dose 1.5 mg/kg) once weekly for two to four infusions, with [111In]epratuzumab coadministered at first infusion for scintigraphic imaging and dosimetry. Results: Sixteen patients received treatment without significant infusional reactions. The overall objective response rate was 62% (95% confidence interval, 39-86%) in both indolent (75%) and aggressive disease (50%). Complete responses (CR/CRu) occurred in 25% of patients and were durable (event-free survival, 14-41 months). Two patients receiving four infusions had hematologic dose-limiting toxicity. Serum epratuzumab levels increased with each weekly dose. Of 13 patients with tumor cell CD22 expression determined by flow cytometry, seven of eight with strongly positive results had objective responses, versus one of five with negative or weakly positive results (P = 0.032). Conclusions: Radioimmunotherapy with weekly 185 MBq/m2 [90Y]epratuzumab achieved a high objective response rate (62%) across lymphoma subtypes, including durable CRs. The findings that three weekly infusions (555 MBq/m2, total dose) can be administered safely with only minor toxicity, that antibody levels increased during treatment weeks, and that therapeutic response predominantly occurs in patients with unequivocal CD22 tumor expression provide guidance for future studies.
Increased risk of sepsis after splenectomy.
Authors: H A Deodhar, R J Marshall, J N Barnes
Journal: BMJ (1993)

The occurrence of overwhelming sepsis in patients who have had a splenectomy was first described by King and Shumacker in 1952.'Further studies have shown the increased risk of sepsis to be lifelong,2 with a particular susceptibility to encapsulated organisms such as the pneumococcus.3Several measures have been advocated to reduce the risk of sepsis after splenectomy, and the Department of Health has issued specific guidelines including the use of pneumococcal vaccine, prophylactic antibiotics, and patient educa- tion.4The Immunisation Practices Advisory Commit- tee in the United States has issued similar guidance.5This hospital serves a population of around 350 000 people, and appreciably more during the summer months.In recent years we have noticed that an apparently large number of local people and visitors with splenectomies have been admitted to this hospital without having been given any form of prophylaxis against or advice about sepsis.Some of these patients have suffered life threatening infections.To confirm or refute our impression we reviewed the postmortem records of all patients who had had a splenectomy and died in Comwall during the past 11 years.We also studied all patients who had had a splenectomy in Comwall during the same period.Charaactenistics ofpatients who had had a splenectomy atnd died ofpneumococcal septicaemiaCase Age and Years since Pneumococcal Penicillin Visitor to No sex Diagnosis splenectomy vaccine given prophylaxis Cornwall 1 66 FFelty's syndrome
Platelet CD36 links hyperlipidemia, oxidant stress and a prothrombotic phenotype
Authors: Eugene A Podrez, Tatiana V Byzova, Maria Febbraio, Robert G Salomon, Yi Ma, Manojkumar Valiyaveettil, Eugenia Poliakov, Mingjiang Sun, Paula J Finton, Brian R Curtis, Juhua Chen, Renliang Zhang, Roy L Silverstein, Stanley L Hazen
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Effect of the Hyde Amendment-Reply
Authors: Willard Cates
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I agree strongly with Drs Smith and Carl on their main point about the national impact of the Hyde Amendment. The major reason why Medicaid-eligible women were so minimally affected by the restriction of federal funds was because the vast majority (85%) lived in states that continued to use state funds to finance abortions. The low-income woman wishing to obtain a legal abortion is probably not concerned whether the procedure is financed either by a combination of state-federal funds or by 100% state funds; her main concern is that the costs are covered by some source of public monies. I also agree with Drs Smith and Carl that those 15% of Medicaid-eligible women living in states that restricted all public funds for abortion were affected to a different degree than the majority described above. As they correctly calculated from my article, these women were less likely to obtain
Saccharin — Bitter Aftertaste?
Authors: Robert Hoover
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The use of saccharin in food was conceived by cupidity, born of avarice, suffered for a time by the lawmakers, stigmatized by the Referee Board, condemned by the three Secretaries, forbidden by the laws of enlightened nations and States, is dead and buried beyond the hope of resurrection, and it only remains for the honorable Secretaries and the courts now to pronounce its obituary.1 G. P. McCabe, Dept. of Agriculture To permit it [a decision to remove saccharin as a food additive] to stand would be to commit as great a scientific error as that which condemned Bruno and Galileo . . .
APHONIA OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN AND OF SIX MONTHS' DURATION IN A TWO AND ONE-HALF-YEAR-OLD CHILDDISCOVERY OF AN OPEN SAFETY PIN IN THE LARYNX.
Authors: JAMES T. CAMPBELL
Journal: JAMA (1907)

During six months the mother received into her stom- ach about nine drams of méthylène blue, while an esti- mate based roughly on the amount of colored urine passed by the infant would place the quantity of the drug in the child's body at time of birth not above one grain.3. There being no evidence of méthylène blue in the liquor amnii, the fetus does not evacuate the bladder, and the liquor amnii accordingly is in no degree com- posed of fetal urine.4. The kidneys of the child in utero do not secrete urine beyond that found in the bladder at the time of delivery, or, if they do secrete urine beyond this amount, they do not excrete méthylène blue, which may be in the fetal circulation.. The first evacuation of the bladder in this case, oc- curring very shortly after birth, produced the character- istic stain.So it would seem that the kidneys not only secreted urine but also excreted méthylène blue, while the child was still in utero, but not more than that con- tained in the bladder at the time of delivery.
Notice of Duplicate Publication
Authors: Wilmore C. Webley, Paul S. Salva, Chester Andrzejewski, Frances Cirino, Corrie A. West, Yaphet Tilahun, Elizabeth S. Stuart
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Upon close scrutiny of Figure 2 in the article by Webley and coworkers published in AJRCCM (1) and Figure 2 from the article by Cirino and coworkers published in BMC Infectious Diseases (2), we realized that the figure in BMC Infectious Diseases was a lower magnification of part of the same field as that used in the AJRCCM article. These figures both describe the growth of Chlamydia from clinical samples on the same tissue culture substrate (J774A.1 cells) and were in a single database of figures with different numeric designations. The experiments that led to the data for these two articles were generated around the same time and were compiled and stored in the same folder since pictures are taken in bulk at our microscopy facility where we pay a fee for the microscopy services. We believe that sometime during the compilation and annotation process, Figure 2 in the BMC Infectious Diseases article was incorrectly labeled as being generated from the normal donor project and was later used in that manuscript. In fact, this figure was taken from a culture coverslip that was infected with lysates from pediatric bronchial lavage samples. The AJRCCM figure was a 600 immunofluorescence image of a field on a coverslip, part of which can be seen in the lower magnification image (400 ) in the BMC Infectious Diseases article. The authors will supply the editor ofBMC Infectious Diseases with the appropriate representative culture image from normal donor infection of J774A.1 cells to replace the existing one. We deeply regret this error in image annotation and later image selection and hope that this will in no way detract from the important data contained in these two manuscripts.
The Mechanism of Syncope After Coughing
Authors: E. P. Sharpey-Schafer
Journal: BMJ (1953)

53 6-42 9/2/t53.. 215 Blood levels of over 30 mg. per 100 ml. are apt to cause toxic phenomena (coma with or without convulsions), and if the level exceeds 50 mg.the toxic phenomena can be lethal (Christie et al., 1951).To maintain this blood level in an adult requires about 40 to 50 g. of ethyl vanillate daily by mouth, and in a child 0.75 to 2.5 g. per kg. of body weight a day.More recently, Christie (1952) said that ethyl vanillate was the only therapeutic agent of any value in histoplasmosis, though it was not satisfactory.The patient here described received 45 g. daily from February 2, but part of this was vomited.From February 5 he received and retained 50 g.daily. SummaryAfter a brief review of the cases of histoplasma infec- tion previously published in Great Britain the second case of disseminated histoplasmosis to be reported is described.This case was fatal in spite of treatment with 45-50 g. of ethyl vanillate daily.Some information is included on culture of the organism, as in this case it showed certain cultural peculiarities.We are grateful for the help we received from many sources in the treatment of this case.We would particularly like to
Otitis Media—The Pharyngeal Connection
Authors: George A. Gates
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poor more likely to smoke and less likely to quit
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Men and women from poorer backgrounds are more likely to smoke and less likely to give up the habit, a new study has found.

The annual quit rate among professional and managerial women in their 20s and 30s is almost twice that among those from unskilled manual backgrounds, says a study in the Journal of Public Health (2004:26:13-8).

Men were more likely to have smoked, but they were more likely to have given up by the age of 41, the …
Abstract 1081: Expression of TGFβ3 and its effects on migratory and invasive behavior in prostate cancer cells: Involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Lindsey Walker, Ana Cecilia Millena, Nicole Strong, Shafiq Khan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ) is a secreted protein that is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes and has been implicated as a factor in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Studies have indicated that different TGFβ isoforms may exert differential effects on cancer cells during different stages of the disease, however very little is known about the expression patterns of the 3 isoforms in prostate cancer. Non-traditional signaling pathways including PI3-kinase have been associated with TGFβ-mediated effects on cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Whether or not TGFβ isoforms play a differential role in migration and invasion of prostate cancer, and act through PI3-Kinase, has not been investigated. In the present study, we have carried out expression analysis of TGFβ isoforms and signaling components in cell line models representing different stages of prostate cancers and studied the differential effects of specific isoforms on migratory, invasive behavior and induction of the PI3-Kinase and MAPK/ERK pathways. TGFβ1 and TGF-β3 were expressed in all cell lines, with TGFβ3 increasing in metastatic cell lines. TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 induced motility and invasive behavior in PC3 cells, with TGFβ3 being more potent in inducing invasive behavior. TGF-β3 caused a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AKT (pAKT), a downstream target of PI3-Kinase, in PC3 cells. LY294002, a PI3-kinase inhibitor, blocked this induced migration and phosphorylation of AKT. Inhibitors of TGFβRI (SB431524) and Smad-3 (SIS3) blocked TGF-β induced motility and TGFβ isoform induced pAKT. There was no differential isoform effect on the phosphorylation of ERK (pERK). PD98059, a MAPK/ERK inhibitor, did inhibit any TGFβ induced migration and pERK, but did not affect isoform induced pAKT. Furthermore, TGFβ isoforms may be differentially phosphorylating Smad-2 and Smad-3 in PC3 cells. Based on these results, we conclude that TGFβ3 is expressed in metastatic prostate cancer cell lines and is involved in induction of invasive behavior in these cells. Furthermore, these effects of TGFβ3 are mediated via the PI3-Kinase pathway and are TGFβRI and Smad-3 dependent. Grant support: MBRS-RISE 2R25GM060414, NIH 1P20MD002285-02 and RCMI G12RR03602 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1081. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1081
Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis in patients with psoriasis taking methotrexate: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: C.M. Maybury, E. Samarasekera, A. Douiri, J.N. Barker, C.H. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

People with psoriasis taking methotrexate may be at increased risk of developing liver fibrosis compared with the general population. Noninvasive methods of detecting fibrosis have been widely adopted but their clinical utility is uncertain. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive methods to detect fibrosis compared with liver biopsy (reference standard) in people with psoriasis taking methotrexate. A systematic search using Ovid/Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials Register was performed. Diagnostic cohorts or case–control studies of adults taking or being considered for methotrexate therapy were considered. Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). Pooled data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1. Bayesian meta-analysis was conducted using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. Seventeen studies were included. Sensitivity and specificity were 38% and 83% for standard liver function tests (LFTs), 74% and 77% for procollagen-3 N-terminal peptide (P3NP), 60% and 80% for Fibroscan® (Echosens, France, www.echosens.com), and 55% and 49% for ultrasound. Confidence in these results is limited owing to low-quality data; old, small studies displayed significant selection bias and significant variation in the prevalence of fibrosis. No studies were identified evaluating recently developed markers. The clinical utility of LFTs, P3NP and liver ultrasound is poor. Therefore if these tests are used in isolation, a significant proportion of patients with liver fibrosis may remain unidentified. Larger prospective studies are required in this population to validate newer non-invasive methods.
Raynaud's phenomenon as side effect of beta-blockers in hypertension.
Authors: A J Marshall, C J Roberts, D W Barritt
Journal: BMJ (1976)

A series of 102 hypertensive patients were assessed for the frequency of symptoms of Raynaud9s phenomenon and absent peripheral pulses. Out of 21 patients receiving methyldopa alone only one had cold hands and feet whereas among patients on beta-blockers the incidence was 50%. The frequency of both symptoms and absent pulses was highest in patients taking propranolol compared with those taking atenolol or oxprenolol. Patients without a foot pulse were much more likely to have cold hands. A change from propranolol to oxprenolol in some symptomatic patients resulted in improvement. In two patients the skin temperature fell after an 80-mg dose of propranolol. The mechanism by which beta-blockers induce Raynaud9s phenomenon is still not clear.
Spectinomycin versus Tetracycline for the Treatment of Gonorrhea
Authors: Walter W. Karney, Alf H.B. Pedersen, Morton Nelson, Harry Adams, Robert T. Pfeifer, King K. Holmes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Spectinomycin and tetracycline are alternative drugs to penicillin in the treatment of gonorrhea. To compare the efficacy of these agents and their propensity to select resistant gonococci, we treated 4043 patients randomly with either 2 or 4 g of spectinomycin once or 9 g of oral tetracycline for four days. Minimum cure rate for anogenital gonorrhea was 94 per cent with either drug. Oropharyngeal infection responded poorly to spectinomycin in men, with failure of therapy in six of 11. Postgonococcal urethritis in men was less common after tetracycline than after spectinomycin (P less than 0.005). Spectinomycin failure was not related to drug resistance. Tetracycline failure correlated with resistance (P less than 0.0002); one fifth of the isolates resistant to 1.0 mug per milliter of tetracycline were not eradicated. For several reasons, including the appearance of beta-lactamase-producing gonococci, it is no longer clear that penicillin G is the "drug of choice" for gonorrhea. Spectinomycin and tetracycline are equally acceptable alternatives, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages.
Psychogenic Nausea and Vomiting Associated with Termination of Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: William W. Weddington
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

Psychogenic (pretreatment) nausea with or without vomiting develops in many patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. This phenomenon can be understood as classical aversive conditioning of the gastrointestinal system. Most patients tolerate this side effect of chemotherapy treatment. The author reports 4 patients who were non compliant or discontinued chemotherapy; each patient alleged that the pretreatment symptoms prompted this behavior. Closer examination revealed that these patients avoided chemotherapy because of multiple issues and used the pretreatment symptoms to explain their behavior. The cases illustrate the phenomenon of pretreatment nausea and methods of working therapeutically with oncologists and their patients.