tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cough frequency in children with mild asthma correlates with sputum neutrophil count
Authors: A M Li, T W T Tsang, D F Y Chan, H S Lam, H K So, R Y T Sung, T F Fok
Journal: Thorax (2006)

<b>Background:</b> A study was undertaken to measure cough frequency in children with stable asthma using a validated monitoring device, and to assess the correlation between cough frequency and the degree and type of airway inflammation. <b>Methods:</b> Thirty six children of median age 11.5 years (interquartile range (IQR) 9–14) with stable asthma were recruited. They underwent spirometric testing, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) measurement, sputum induction for differential cell count, and ambulatory cough monitoring for 24 hours. Coughing episodes were counted both as individual spikes and as clusters. <b>Results:</b> All children had mild intermittent asthma and their median forced expiratory volume in 1 second and eNO were 83.3% (IQR 81.1–97.6) and 56.1 ppb (IQR 37.4–105), respectively. The median number of cough episodes per day was 25.5 (IQR 16–42.8). Sputum induction was successful in 69% of the subjects and cough frequency was found to have a significant positive correlation with sputum neutrophil count (<i>r</i> = 0.833, p = 0.0001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Children with stable mild asthma have increased cough frequency that might be driven by a neutrophilic inflammatory pathway.
A synonymous variation in protease-activated receptor-2 is associated with atopy in Korean children
Authors: Ji Hyun Lee, Kyung Won Kim, Heon Yung Gee, Jaechun Lee, Keun-Hwa Lee, Hae-Sim Park, Seung-Hyun Kim, So Won Kim, Mi Na Kim, Kyu-Earn Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Min Goo Lee, Myung Hyun Sohn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Specific cutaneous manifestations of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia. A report of two cases*
Authors: J.M. MASCARO, E. MONTSERRAT, T. ESTRACH, E. FELIU, J. FERRANDO, T. CASTEL, J. MALLOLAS, C. ROZMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Specific cutaneous manifestations of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. A report of two cases Get access J.M. MASCARO, J.M. MASCARO Department of Dermatology and Hospital Clinico y Provinciai, Barcelona, Spain J.M.Mascaro, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinico y Provincial, Casanova 143, Barcelona‐36, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. MONTSERRAT, E. MONTSERRAT Postgraduate School of Haematology 'Farreras Valenti', University of Barcelona Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. ESTRACH, T. ESTRACH Department of Dermatology and Hospital Clinico y Provinciai, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. FELIU, E. FELIU Postgraduate School of Haematology 'Farreras Valenti', University of Barcelona Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. FERRANDO, J. FERRANDO Department of Dermatology and Hospital Clinico y Provinciai, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. CASTEL, T. CASTEL Department of Dermatology and Hospital Clinico y Provinciai, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. MALLOLAS, J. MALLOLAS Department of Dermatology and Hospital Clinico y Provinciai, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. ROZMAN C. ROZMAN Postgraduate School of Haematology 'Farreras Valenti', University of Barcelona Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 106, Issue 2, 1 February 1982, Pages 217–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00932.x Published: 01 February 1982 Article history Accepted: 30 April 1981 Published: 01 February 1982
Salivary scanning in rheumatoid arthritis with sicca syndrome.
Authors: J.P De Jager, D Choy, A Fleming
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Forty-nine patients were studied prospectively by salivary scanning to assess the value of this investigation in possible Sjögren9s syndrome (SS). Twenty-three had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with sicca symptoms and a positive Schirmer9s test. Fifteen had RA with no sicca symptoms and a negative Schirmer9s test. Eleven had osteoarthrosis (OA) with no sicca symptoms and a negative Schirmer9s test. Scanning differentiated only poorly between the three groups. We conclude that it has only limited application in the diagnosis of SS associated with RA.
Isolated trisomy 13 defines a homogeneous AML subgroup with high frequency of mutations in spliceosome genes and poor prognosis
Authors: Tobias Herold, Klaus H. Metzeler, Sebastian Vosberg, Luise Hartmann, Christoph Röllig, Friedrich Stölzel, Stephanie Schneider, Max Hubmann, Evelyn Zellmeier, Bianka Ksienzyk, Vindi Jurinovic, Zlatana Pasalic, Purvi M. Kakadia, Annika Dufour, Alexander Graf, Stefan Krebs, Helmut Blum, Maria Cristina Sauerland, Thomas Büchner, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Bernhard J. Woermann, Martin Bornhäuser, Gerhard Ehninger, Ulrich Mansmann, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Stefan K. Bohlander, Karsten Spiekermann, Philipp A. Greif
Journal: Blood (2014)
Guidelines of the Council on Environmental Quality for the preparation of environmental impact statements.
Authors: B E Willard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Definitions and the seven principles of ecology are listed. NEPA expresses or implies all seven. Section 101 is quoted in illustration. CEQ Guidelines implement Sec. 102(2)(C). The reasons for initial delays in implementation are reviewed; these are now largely resolved. The policy involves action through integrating engineering, economics and ecology. Alternative actions must be considered, and short-term effects weighed against the long-term goals. Twelve modes of approach are advocated.
Foreign Medical Scientists in Distress
Authors: None Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (1939)

<h3>Objective.</h3> The aim was to elucidate the prognosis and risk factors associated with relapse during longterm remission maintenance therapy for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). <h3>Methods.</h3> Patients with newly diagnosed AAV (n = 156) were registered in the Remission Induction Therapy in Japanese patients with ANCA-associated Vasculitides (RemIT-JAV) study, and among them, 83 patients who achieved remission were enrolled and followed up for 24 additional months in our nationwide, prospective cohort study (Co-RemIT-JAV; registration number UMIN 000006373). Patterns of maintenance therapy, effectiveness, and safety were evaluated from months 25 to 48 after the RemIT-JAV. The primary outcome measure was the rate of relapse. Secondary outcome measures included overall and renal survival, risk factors associated with relapse, and incidence rates of serious infections. <h3>Results.</h3> The patients comprised 35 men and 48 women aged 65.3 ± 12.6 years. Between months 25 and 48, the survival rate was 95% (79/83). Causes of death included 1 thyroid cancer, 1 infection, and 2 unknown reasons. Four patients had developed endstage renal disease (ESRD) by Month 24; 1 developed ESRD beyond Month 25. The relapse rate was 24% (20/83) from months 25 to 48. Multivariable analysis revealed that oral prednisolone ≤ 2.5 mg/day at Month 24 was a significant risk factor for relapse between months 25 and 48 (HR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.5). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> One-quarter of patients with AAV relapsed during maintenance therapy, and relapse was associated with the dose of oral prednisolone 24 months after the initiation of remission induction therapy in Japan.
Abstract 48: Activation of c-Met receptor signaling by carcinoma-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Marion Zillhardt, Ernst Lengyel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objective: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in tumorigenesis by promoting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. At sites of intra-abdominal ovarian cancer metastases, more than half of the tumor microenvironment is composed of CAFs, however, the mechanism for how CAFs promote metastatic disease in ovarian cancer is not known. Because of the prominent role that the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met plays in metastasis, we hypothesized that CAFs within the metastatic tumor microenvironment may activate c-Met signaling in ovarian cancer cells leading to tumor progression at a metastatic site. Methods: Human cancer cell lines and primary human carcinoma-associated fibroblasts isolated from patients’ ovarian cancer metastases were used in multiple biochemical assays to analyze the role of CAFs in c-Met receptor signaling. Results: Using a receptor tyrosine kinase array to analyze phosphorylation of 42 different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), we found that c-Met was the only RTK that was phosphorylated in cancer cells upon co-culture with CAFs. Further analysis of the co-culture revealed that direct contact between cancer cells and CAFs was required for activation of c-Met. Interestingly, the unique ligand for c-Met, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), could not be detected in conditioned media from CAFs by ELISA and addition of HGF neutralizing antibodies to the co-culture did not prevent activation of the receptor. Furthermore, CAFs transiently transfected with HGF siRNA were still able to activate c-Met in the human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3ip1 suggesting that c-Met activation by CAFs is HGF-independent. This effect was not limited to ovarian cancer cell lines as co-culture of CAFs with the cervical cancer cell line, HeLa, which expresses wild-type c-Met, and the breast cancer cell line, T47D, showed the same results as the two ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3ip1 and OVCAR-5. Remarkably, membrane fragments isolated from CAFs were sufficient to stimulate phosphorylation of c-Met in cancer cells in an HGF-independent manner. Several candidate factors were identified in the CAF membrane proteome which can activate c-Met signaling. Conclusions: Collectively, these results suggest a potentially novel mechanism whereby CAFs activate c-Met in cancer cells through direct contact which provides an additional rationale for the therapeutic targeting of c-Met in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 48. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-48
Reconciling the mutation-selection balance model with the schizotypy-creativity connection
Authors: Daniel Nettle
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Keller &amp; Miller (K&amp;M) make a persuasive case for the role of mutation-selection balance in the persistence of such disorders as schizophrenia. However, there is evidence relating illness liability to creativity, which seems to imply balancing selection. I argue for a hybrid position, where schizotypal personality traits can have fitness advantages or disadvantages, with mutational load and neurodevelopmental conditions determining which outcome is observed.
Treatment of Keratoacanthomas with Oral 13-<i>cis</i>-Retinoic Acid
Authors: Richard P. Haydey, Michael L. Reed, Leonard M. Dzubow, Jerome L. Shupack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

KERATOACANTHOMAS are common cutaneous neoplasms that resemble squamous-cell carcinomas morphologically but behave in a biologically benign manner.1 A rare clinical manifestation of this neoplastic process is the Ferguson Smith variant, a type characterized by the progressive development of numerous lesions on almost any part of the cutaneous surface. Unlike solitary keratoacanthomas, those in multiplicity fail to resolve spontaneously, recur rapidly after surgical excision, and cause far greater morbidity. Such cases have previously been untreatable. We report a case successfully managed by surgery and the subsequent administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid by mouth, and discuss the pharmacology of this agent . . .
THE EFFECT OF PUTREFACTIVE BODIES ON THE CHEMICAL TESTS FOR MORPHIN.
Authors: M. W. CLIFT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

In at least three important trials for murder, the possibility of putrefactive products being mistaken for morphin has arisen. The first of these was the Sonzogna trial at Cremona, Italy, in which it is probable that the experts confounded a putrefactive body with morphin. This substance was extracted from either alkaline or acid solutions with ether, but could not be removed with amylic alcohol. It reduced iodic acid, but in its other reactions, also in its physiologic properties, it bore no close resemblance to morphin. In the Buchanan case in New York every test for morphin was duplicated with putrefactive products, so that the distinguished chemists present were not able to tell which of the two portions contained the alkaloid. In the case of Dr. Urbino de Freitas of Oporto, Portugal, who was accused of attempting the wholesale murder of his wife's family by the administration of morphin, the toxicologists
NCQA: Quality Through Evaluation
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

CRITERIA for evaluating health maintenance organizations (HMOs) have shifted from price to performance. The managed care plans that used to attract contracts based on cost and coverage now find that purchasers are asking more about the quality of the services they offer and how well they perform. Increasingly, the answer comes from reviews by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA).  Margaret E. O'Kane is president of the Washington, DC—based nonprofit organization that is devoted to assessing and reporting on the quality of managed health care plans. The NCQA was formed in 1979 by the managed care industry and the Group Health Association, partly to obviate a federal monitoring system for managed care organizations (MCOs); it became independent in1990, aided by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Today, most of the NCQA's income is from fees, averaging $40 000 per plan, charged for performing accreditation reviews. Other funds
Immunologic Defects in Young Male Patients with Hepatitis-Associated Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Kenneth A. Foon, Ronald T. Mitsuyasu, Robert W. Schroff, Rosemary E. McINTYRE, Richard Champlin, Robert Peter Gale
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Extensive immunologic studies were done in 97 patients with severe aplastic anemia between 1973 and 1979. Sixteen young male patients with hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia appeared to constitute a unique subset. Compared with most patients with aplastic anemia from other causes, these 16 patients had significant reductions in the mean values of circulating T lymphocytes, serum IgG and IgM, mitogen reactivity, and decreased cutaneous hypersensitivity. The ratio of peripheral blood helper to suppressor T lymphocytes identified by monoclonal antibodies was within normal limits in 3 patients studied with hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. Interestingly, the ratio was low (< 1) in 3 of 7 patients studied with aplastic anemia from other causes, although the mean for these 7 patients was normal. These data suggest that patients in this subset with hepatitis-associated severe aplastic anemia have a severe immunodeficiency. Whether this immunodeficiency is the cause or result of the hepatitis or aplastic anemia, or both, is unknown.
Literature and Medicine: Contributions to Clinical Practice
Authors: Roy M. Poses
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 December 1995Literature and Medicine: Contributions to Clinical PracticeRoy M. Poses, MDRoy M. Poses, MDMemorial Hospital of Rhode Island Pawtucket, RI 02860Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-12-199512150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:It seems a truism that reading literature can help physicians better understand themselves and their patients. However, Charon and colleagues' arguments for applying the methods of literary studies to medical practice were unconvincing [1].The authors suggest that physicians should analyze their patients' histories as if they were fictional literary narratives. Literature is written to entertain and enlighten. However, physicians take patients' histories to learn about past events relevant to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. It is unclear why Charon and colleagues consider methods appropriate to analyzing fiction to be the best ways to understand narratives of factual ...References1. Charon R, Banks JT, Connelly JE, Hawkins AH, Hunter KM, Jones AH, et al . Literature and medicine: contributions to clinical practice. Ann Intern Med. 1995;122:599-606. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Gross PR, Levitt N. Higher Superstitions: The Academic Left and Its Quarrel with Science. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Pr; 1994. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Roy M. Poses, MDAffiliations: Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island Pawtucket, RI 02860 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 12Page: 965KeywordsChartsPsychology ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The heterogeneity of knowledge representation and the elimination of <i>concept</i>
Authors: Edouard Machery
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract In this response, I begin by defending and clarifying the notion of concept proposed in Doing without Concepts (Machery 2009) against the alternatives proposed by several commentators. I then discuss whether psychologists and philosophers who theorize about concepts are talking about distinct phenomena or about different aspects of the same phenomenon, as argued in some commentaries. Next, I criticize the idea that the cognitive-scientific findings about induction, categorization, concept combination, and so on, could be explained by positing a single kind of concept, and I insist that many categories (substances, types of events, etc.) are represented by distinct coreferential concepts that belong to very different kinds of concept. This is followed by an assessment of the hybrid theories of concepts offered by commentators, according to which categories, substances, and types of events are represented by hybrid concepts made of several parts. Finally, I defend the proposal that it may be useful to eliminate concept from the theoretical vocabulary of psychology.
Attenuated Acute Cardiac Rejection in NOS2 −/− Recipients Correlates With Reduced Apoptosis
Authors: Jörg Koglin, David J. Granville, Troels Glysing-Jensen, John S. Mudgett, Chris M. Carthy, Bruce M. McManus, Mary E. Russell
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The mechanisms through which NOS2-mediated pathways regulate graft failure in acute cardiac rejection are ill defined. To determine whether apoptosis promoted by NOS2 may contribute, we used a heterotopic transplant model to study mouse cardiac allografts placed in recipients with targeted gene deletion of NOS2. Methods and Results —Using 5 different indexes of apoptosis, we showed that mouse cardiac allografts placed in NOS2 −/− recipients (n=7) had reduced apoptotic activity compared with those in NOS2 +/+ controls (n=8). There were significantly fewer TUNEL-positive nuclei per high-powered field ( P &lt;0.01), less DNA fragmentation (antinucleosome ELISA; P &lt;0.05), lower corrected transcript levels for caspase-1 and -3 ( 32 P reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction; P &lt;0.01), and reduced caspase-3 activity (cleavage of DEVD-pNA [ P &lt;0.001] and poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) in grafts from NOS2 −/− recipients. This concordant reduction in apoptotic indexes paralleled the improved histological outcome of grafts transplanted into NOS2 −/− recipients (assessed as rejection scores; P =0.012). To identify pathways controlled by NOS2, we compared intragraft transcript levels of potential triggers and regulators. Whereas Fas ligand/Fas and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/TNF receptor-1 levels were not altered by NOS2 deficiency, transcript levels for p53 were significantly lower in grafts from NOS2 −/− recipients, coinciding with a significant increase in the antiapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax balance and decrease in Bcl-X l levels. Conclusions —Using NOS2 knockout mice, we demonstrated that NOS2-mediated pathways can promote acute rejection, at least in part, by inducing apoptotic cell death. When NOS2 is present, p53 might control NOS2-mediated apoptosis by stimulating Bax and repressing Bcl-2 and Bcl-X l expression, which may activate the cell death program in the rejecting heart.
TCT-331 Real-World Clinical Experience of Fractional Flow Reserve Assessed With a Rapid Exchange Pressure Sensor on a MicroCatheter
Authors: Thierry Lefevre, Philippe Guyon, Stephan Fichtlscherer, Thomas Munzel, Volker Schächinger, Azeem Latib, Ramon Lopez Palop
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Midregional Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Outcome in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mira Katan, Felix Fluri, Philipp Schuetz, Nils G. Morgenthaler, Christian Zweifel, Roland Bingisser, Ludwig Kappos, Andreas Steck, Stefan T. Engelter, Beat Müller, Mirjam Christ-Crain
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Radiography of the AV Shunt in Hemodialysis
Authors: Joel Chinitz
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Cannula failure continues to be a most vexing problem in maintenance dialysis. While this has prompted a trend toward the use of internal arteriovenous fistulae<sup>1,2</sup>it has also stimulated efforts toward improvement in shunt design.<sup>3,4</sup>To determine causes for progressive decrease in shunt flow or recurrent episodes of cannula clotting we have performed shunt contrast arteriography and venography in straight shunts with standard x-ray contrast media, methylglucamine diatrozoate-60%. Venous injection was well tolerated but rapid manual arterial injection was associated with excruciating burning pain of such a disagreeable nature that patients either outrightly refused repeat study or pleaded for general anesthesia. Five percent sodium chloride and 20% mannitol solutions gave identical pain on arterial injection. To minimize discomfort we diluted the contrast material with sterile distilled water in a three to one ratio, resulting in a 15% solution of methylglucamine diatrozoate with an osmolarity of