tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distinct Memory CD4+ T Cells with Commitment to T Follicular Helper- and T Helper 1-Cell Lineages Are Generated after Acute Viral Infection
Authors: J. Scott Hale, Ben Youngblood, Donald R. Latner, Ata Ur Rasheed Mohammed, Lilin Ye, Rama S. Akondy, Tuoqi Wu, Smita S. Iyer, Rafi Ahmed
Journal: Immunity (2013)
Comparison of diagnostic criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): diagnostic criteria of the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) and of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare for overt DIC
Authors: Hideo Wada, Esteban C. Gabazza, Hidesaku Asakura, Kaoru Koike, Kohji Okamoto, Ikurou Maruyama, Hiroshi Shiku, Tsutomu Nobori
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract We compared the criteria set by the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) for the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with the criteria of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) set for the diagnosis of overt DIC. We studied 1,284 Japanese patients with DIC. The rate of agreement in the diagnosis of DIC by the two diagnostic systems was 67.4%. In addition, only 2.0% of non‐DIC patients by JMHW criteria were diagnosed with overt DIC by ISTH criteria, suggesting that ISTH for overt DIC includes typical cases of DIC. The concordance of diagnosis for DIC by ISTH and JMHW was significantly high in patients with trauma or acute promyelocytic leukemia. About 70% of DIC or overt DIC patients had more than 1 point in the scoring system for prothrombin time, but &gt;50% of those patients had 0 point for plasma fibrinogen level. Abnormal fibrin and fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) levels and platelet counts were observed in &gt;88% of DIC and overt DIC patients but were observed in &gt;50% of non‐DIC patients, indicating that these parameters are sensitive markers but not specific markers for the diagnosis of DIC. Considered together, our results suggest that the diagnostic criteria for DIC and overt DIC could be improved by changing the cut‐off values of the global coagulation tests. Am. J. Hematol. 74:17–22, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1025-45 Preprocedural statin medication reduces small and large periprocedural myocardial injury in patients with stent implantation
Authors: Michael Haude, Joerg Herrmann, Lothar Volbracht, Thomas Konorza, Christoph Altmann, Rainer Schulz, Gerd Heusch, Raimund Erbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Obstacles to shared decision making in France
Authors: M. Debled, F. Soum-Pouyalet
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Although Marshall and Bibby state that a recent systematic review has demonstrated the advantages of shared decision making,1 our results indicate that in France it is not yet common practice or generally considered to be necessary in cancer treatment.

In 2008, the French National Cancer Institute commissioned us to design and construct a shared decision making …
Giant Nonfamilial Left Atrial Myxoma Presenting With Eye Embolism and Nonvalvular Streptococcus sanguinis Endocarditis
Authors: Diana M. Laura, Adriana Quiñones, Ricardo Benenstein, Didier F. Loulmet, William J. Cole, Dellis A. Galloway, James H. Suh, Muhamed Saric
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Reply from Authors re: Marko Babjuk. Second Resection for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Carcinoma: Current Role and Future Perspectives. Eur Urol 2010;58:191–2 and Giacomo Novara, Vincenzo Ficarra. Does Routine Second Transurethral Resection Affect the Long-Term Outcome of Patients with T1 Bladder Cancer? Why a Flawed Randomized Controlled Trial Cannot Address the Issue. Eur Urol 2010;58:193–4
Authors: Rauf Taner Divrik, Ali F. Şahin, Gül Ergör
Journal: European Urology (2010)
National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education
Authors: Robert M. Anderson, Martha M. Funnell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Thank you for the opportunity to respond to the article (1) by Shiu. We have never referred to empowerment as a theory because we view it as more holistic and more fundamental than most behavioral theories. The empowerment approach is more holistic because it takes into account the fact that clinician-patient interactions are dynamic. Therefore, the empowerment approach also focuses on the important role of the purposes, values, and interpersonal skills of the diabetes educator in …
Systemic T Cell–independent Tumor Immunity after Transplantation of Universal Receptor–modified Bone Marrow into SCID Mice
Authors: Kristen M. Hege, Keegan S. Cooke, Mitchell H. Finer, Krisztina M. Zsebo, Margo R. Roberts
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Gene modification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with antigen-specific, chimeric, or “universal” immune receptors (URs) is a novel but untested form of targeted immunotherapy. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope–specific UR consisting of the extracellular domain of human CD4 linked to the ζ chain of the T cell receptor (CD4ζ) was introduced ex vivo into murine HSC by retroviral transduction. After transplantation into immunodeficient SCID mice, sustained high level expression of CD4ζ was observed in circulating myeloid and natural killer cells. CD4ζ-transplanted mice were protected from challenge with a lethal dose of a disseminated human leukemia expressing HIV envelope. These results demonstrate the ability of chimeric receptors bearing ζ-signaling domains to activate non–T cell effector populations in vivo and thereby mediate systemic immunity.
GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS POLYSACCHARIDE: STUDIES ON ITS PREPARATION, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND CELLULAR LOCALIZATION AFTER INTRAVENOUS INJECTION INTO MICE
Authors: Willard C. Schmidt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

A method was developed for the extraction of the group A streptococcus polysaccharide employing pepsin digestion of ground streptococcal cells. This method did not result in the isolation of polysaccharide with chemical and physical chemical properties different from those exhibited by preparations extracted with hot formamide. Studies of the chemical composition of this polysaccharide demonstrated it to be composed chiefly of rhamnose and glucosamine monosaccharide units in the approximate ratio of five moles of rhamnose to two moles of glucosamine. The fate of the polysaccharide after intravenous injection into mice was studied using the fluorescent antibody technique. It was found to be rapidly eliminated by the kidney. The presence of the polysaccharide in the renal tubular epithelial cells during the excretory phase was the only evidence of its cellular localization that could be detected under the conditions of these experiments.
THE NORMAL SITUATION OF THE GALL BLADDER IN MALES.
Authors: JOHN B. HAMILTON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

To find the gall bladder, draw a line from the anterior superior spinous process of the ilium to the center of the xiphoid appendix. Intersect this with a line from the umbilicus to the tenth costo-cartilaginous junction. In the right upper triangle near the apex, but nearer the right oblique line, the fundus of gall cyst will be found. A needle thrust through the abdomen at the point indicated, will usually transfix the gall bladder. The position of the gall bladder varies with the changes in the position of the liver; in enlargements it is pushed downward, and in some cases deflected to the right.
Letter: Secondary syphilis and hepatitis.
Authors: J Sewell, M A Ahmed
Journal: BMJ (1975)

1975is accepted that the way h;istory, examination, and investigation are applied must also alter, we become aware of yet another difference between general and geriatric medicine, and the failure of many teaching hospitals to provide adequate (or sometimes any) instruction on the management of old people becomes even more absurd.-Iam, etc.,
Studies on human thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). IX. Some physical, chemical, and biological properties of radioiodinated TBG and partially desialylated TBG.
Authors: S Refetoff, V S Fang, J S Marshall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and partially desialylated or slow TBG (STBG) were purified from human serum by affinity chromatography. Purified TBG was identical to TBG present in serum by the criteria of electrophoretic mobility, affinity for thyroxine (T4), and heat-inactivation response. Purified STBG had slower electrophoretic mobility and lower affinity for T4. Both bound T4 in an equimolar ratio, were immunoprecipitable, and had similar inactivation t1/2 at 61 degrees C. TBG and STBG were iodinated by the chloramine-T-catalyzed reaction. An average of from 0.02 to 6 atoms I could be incorporated per molecule of the protein by adjusting the conditions of the reaction (time, protein and iodide concentrations). 125-I, 131-I, and 127-I were used. Iodination increased the anodal mobility of TBG but did not affect the reversible T4-binding, precipitation by antiserum, or the heat-inactivation properties. "Heavily" and "lightly" iodinated TBG had identical disappearance half-times from serum in the rabbit. 15 min after the intravenous administration of [131-I]-STBG and [125-I]TBG mixture to rats, more than 90% of the injected 131-I dose was in the liver, and the liver 131-I/125-I ratio was 32-fold that of serum. Selective uptake of STBG by the liver was also observed in the rabbit and in man. The serum [125-I]STBG/[131-I]TBG ratio declined from 1 to 0.2 in 10 min in the intact rabbit but remained unchanged for 1 h in the acutely hepatectomized animal. In the rabbit, t 1/2 was approximately 3 min for STBG and 0.8-3.4 days for TBG. The radioiodine derived from the iodinated proteins is partly excreted in bile but the bulk was precipitable with specific antibodies. Some isotope in the form of iodide appeared in blood and was excreted in the urine. Since radioiodinated TBG and STBG preserve their biologic and immunologic properties they are useful as tracer materials for metabolic studies. In rat, rabbit, and man STBG is rapidly cleared from serum by the liver. Conversion of TBG to STBG may be the limiting step in the regulation of TBG metabolism.
Art about Hospitals
Authors: Nigel T Cooke
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Reviewing a new book entitled The Healing Environment, Professor Michael Baum writes of the life-enhancing effects of art in hospitals (March 2004 JRSM)1. I agree; and I suggest that, in addition, works of art can serve to explain and celebrate the daily life and events in hospitals. There is no modern tradition of such art, though the work of LS Lowry (Ancoats Hospital Outpatient Department) and Barbara Hepworth (drawings of the operating theatre) offer glorious exceptions.

I decided to commission a painting on canvas to document the procedure of bronchoscopy, and succeeded in gaining sponsorship from a pharmaceutical company (Boehringer Ingelheim). I chose a young artist, Steven Rendall, who had just finished a postgraduate art degree at the Royal Academy Schools, London, and who I knew to have an inquisitive eye. He attended several bronchoscopy sessions with his camera and then contacted me with a rough layout. The finished canvas installed in the endoscopy unit, just over a year from the start of the project, takes the form of a ‘photoboard’ image of the bronchoscopy process (Figure 1). I am certain that this is the only painting of a bronchoscopy in existence, and I encourage others to record their working lives in similar fashion.



Figure 1

Steven Rendall's painting of a bronchoscopy
Authorship and Credits for Other Contributions
Authors: DAVID H. SPODICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1984Authorship and Credits for Other ContributionsDAVID H. SPODICK, M.D., D.SC.DAVID H. SPODICK, M.D., D.SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-915_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Fotion and Conrad (1) have made some worthwhile points about authors who have not sat down to actually write multiauthored papers. They propose a method of distinguishing writers from coworkers. (They also write that credit for authorship is a "holistic" concept, using a trendy, vogue word requiring further explanation.) It is true, as Fotion and Conrad state, that authorship is not synonomous with authorship listings. But their contention that this does "much harm" in the academic community seems farfetched. There is usually one author, perhaps two, to write the first draft of a paper. It is equally...Reference1. FOTION N and CONRAD C. Authorship and other credits. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:592-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID H. SPODICK, M.D., D.SC. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1984Volume 100, Issue 6Page: 915-915 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
New programme is launched to embed patient safety in the NHS
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Patients, healthcare staff, and other organisations will jointly set and monitor local patient safety priorities as part of a major new initiative across England.

The new programme was launched by Jeremy Hunt, health secretary, on 14 October. It will create 15 regional patient safety collaboratives led by Academic Health Science Networks to ensure input from patients, the NHS, academia, the third sector, and industry. NHS England, which will coordinate the scheme in partnership with NHS Improving Quality, described the programme as “the largest and most comprehensive of its kind in the world.” …
Effects of Glandular Fever Infection in Acute Leukaemia
Authors: A. W. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1953)

LEUKAEMIABRo 589 years is provided by the figures published in the Annual Reports of the Registrar-General for Scotland, which are available for the years 1938 to 1949 and which are shown in Table VI.This shows that there has been a gradual rise in the number of deaths from leukaemia during twelve of the fourteen years covered by the present study.
Regulation of Hematopoiesis, vol 1, Red Cell Production; vol 2, White Cell and Platelet Production
Authors: William R. Best
Journal: JAMA (1971)

ABSTRACT From time to time a book will be published which is widely accepted as the bible in a particular field of endeavor. Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology has enjoyed such status among clinical hematologists for some years. I believe the present set deserves a parallel position with the research hematologist.This is a scholarly review and discussion of modern research techniques that have helped elucidate the development, fine structure, biochemistry, function, kinetics, and control of erythrocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. There are still many unanswered questions. The inquisitive mind can find in these volumes numerous ideas to pursue and the tools for such pursuit. Sixtythree leading investigators contribute 58 chapters under ten general subject headings. There is some redundancy, as one might expect with multiple contributors. A number of pertinent charts, tables, and photomicrographs illustrate these topics. Each chapter has an extensive, pertinent, and contemporary bibliography. In a final chapter
Bilateral Tuberculous Pleural Effusion
Authors: E. Montuschi
Journal: BMJ (1945)

The main mutation responsible for the fragile X syndrome is the expansion of an untranslated CGG repeat in the first exon of the FMR1 gene, associated with the hypermethylation of the proximal CpG island and the CGG repeat region, and repression of transcription of FMR1. Fragile X syndrome mosaicism has been described as the coexistence of the full mutation and the permutation. We present here two cases of mosaicism for the full mutation in the FMR1 gene and deletions involving the CGG repeat region. In one case the deletion removed 113 bp proximal to the CGG repeat and part of the repeat itself, leaving 30 pure repeats, and representing 17% of lymphocytes of the patient. The 59 breakpoint of this deletion falls outside the putative hotspot for deletions in the CGG region of FMR1. In the second case the deleted region only involved the CGG sequence (leaving 15 pure repeats), with normal sequences flanking the repeat; this deleted ("normal") FMR1 was estimated to be in about 31% of blood lymphocytes. This second case can be considered a true regression of the CGG FMR1 expansion to a normal sized allele, although in mosaic form.
More than a little extra work
Authors: A. G Douglas-Jones, M. Varma
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Background:</b> Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) occurs after unaccustomed exercise and has been suggested to be attributable to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous studies have shown increased ROS after lengthening contractions, attributable to invading phagocytes. Plasma glucose is a vital fuel for phagocytes, therefore carbohydrate (CHO) status before exercise may influence ROS production and DOMS <b>Objective:</b> To examine the effect of pre-exercise CHO status on DOMS, ROS production, and muscle function after contraction induced muscle damage. <b>Method:</b> Twelve subjects performed two downhill runs, one after a high CHO diet and one after a low CHO diet. Blood samples were drawn for analysis of malondialdehyde, total glutathione, creatine kinase, non-esterified fatty acids, lactate, glucose, and leucocytes. DOMS and muscle function were assessed daily. <b>Results:</b> The high CHO diet resulted in higher respiratory exchange ratio and lactate concentrations than the low CHO diet before exercise. The low CHO diet resulted in higher non-esterified fatty acid concentrations before exercise. DOMS developed after exercise and remained for up to 96 hours, after both diets. A biphasic response in creatine kinase occurred after both diets at 24 and 96 hours after exercise. Malondialdehyde had increased 72 hours after exercise after both diets, and muscle function was attenuated up to this time. <b>Conclusions:</b> Downhill running resulted in increased ROS production and ratings of DOMS and secondary increases in muscle damage. CHO status before exercise had no effect.
Dosimetry of Scattered Radiation to the Fetus
Authors: E. Eugene Covington
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Measurement of scattered radiation to the fetus during radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease of the mediastinum was 0.0026 rads per rad given to the tumor, or 7.9 rads for 14 treatments or 3,500 rads. Measurements of scattered radiation made on a phantom for three different modalities indicate the scattered dose to a fetus would be 3.5 to 14 rads in early pregnancy, 31 to 49 rads in midpregnancy, and 129 to 248 rads in late pregnancy, for 14 treatments or 3,500 rads.
STUDIES ON THE BLOOD VESSELS IN THE MEMBRANES OF CHICK EMBRYOS
Authors: Fritz Lange
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

A comparison of the effect of stimulation upon the arterial subdivisions shows that these differ in irritability. The capillaries are most irritable, then come the small arterial branches, and last the main stems of arteries, these being the least irritable. The non-innervated blood vessels of the vascular membranes exhibit therefore the behavior described by G. Ricker in the case of those which have a nervous apparatus. We have demonstrated accordingly similar properties in vessels which are not innervated as in those which are. Certain differences exist however. The action of adrenalin on the vessels of the vascular membrane is inconstant and certain other substances are wholly ineffective. Ricker's experiments have advanced knowledge on the regularity of the vascular reactions and have paved the way for these experiments of ours. The result of our experiments with vessels free of nerves suggests that a reexamination may be fruitful of the mechanism which obtains in innervated vessels. There can be no doubt that nerves play a rôle in the behavior of vessels; it appears now to be necessary to define more accurately precisely what this is.
Protein Hormone Storage in Secretory Granules: Mechanisms for Concentration and Sorting<sup>1</sup>
Authors: Priscilla S. Dannies
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1999)

Recent findings in cell biology have demonstrated there are several kinds of active sorting from the trans-Golgi network in all cells. The presence of several sorting pathways, using more than one sorting signal, in neuroendocrine cells means that mutations that direct a hormone to a constitutive pathway instead of a regulated one may not simply be interpreted as a signal for sorting to a regulated pathway. The use of three-dimensional electron microscopy of lactotrophs and the possibility that the trans-Golgi network is consumed during sorting has suggested a major role for hormone aggregation, not only as a sorting mechanism, but also as a mechanism for granule formation, in that other transport vesicles may bud from the trans-Golgi network, leaving the aggregated protein as the dense core granule. If aggregation plays such a role, it is unclear how it works in cases where the prohormone must be processed one or more times; does a porous aggregate or colloid form? Obtaining information about the kinds of aggregates that occur in cells is difficult, because at this time there is not a definitive way of knowing whether an aggregate that occurs in solution also occurs in cells. Although secretory granule proteins tend to aggregate relatively easily in solution, the separate treatment of different secretory granule proteins in the same cell make it unlikely that aggregation is a purely passive process, but suggests that the process of aggregation of each hormone is actively controlled in cells. Even if the ability to aggregate accounts for most of the sorting of cargo-secretory granule proteins into granules, other sorting must still occur to get correct membrane proteins necessary for transport and exocytosis into secretory granule membranes. Possible recognition sites for these secretory granule membrane proteins include the cargo itself in an aggregated form, membrane lipids in some unrecognized way, or the proteins and factors that specifically control aggregation of the cargo.
Not there yet, but "on our way" in AIDS research, scientists say
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

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