tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estimated glomerular filtration rate in sickle cell anemia is associated with polymorphisms of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B
Authors: Vikki G. Nolan, Qianli Ma, Herbert T. Cohen, Adeboye Adewoye, Anne C. Rybicki, Clinton Baldwin, Rhea N. Mahabir, Erica P. Homan, Diego F. Wyszynski, Mary E. Fabry, Ronald L. Nagel, Lindsay A. Farrer, Martin H. Steinberg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Renal disease is common in sickle cell anemia. In this exploratory work, we used data from a longitudinal study of the natural history of sickle cell disease to examine the hypothesis that polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected candidate genes are associated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). DNA samples and clinical and laboratory data were available for 1,140 patients with sickle cell anemia. GFR was estimated using the Cockcroft–Gault and Schwartz formulas for adults and children, respectively. We examined ∼175 haplotype tagging (ht) SNPs in about 70 genes of the TGFβ/BMP pathway for their association with GFR using linear regression. Four SNPs in BMPR1B , a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor gene, yielded statistically significant associations ( P values ranging from 0.015 to 0.046). Three haplotypes in this gene were also associated with GFR. The TGF‐β/BMP pathway has been associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy, which has some features in common with sickle cell nephropathy. Our results suggest that, as with other subphenotypes of sickle cell disease, renal function may be genetically modulated. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THE RÔLE OF THE SPLEEN IN IRON METABOLISM AS ELUCIDATED BY CHANGES IN THE IRON BALANCE AFTER SPLENECTOMY
Authors: Elizabeth D. Wilson, Edward B. Krumbhaar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

We have estimated the iron balance in six dogs before and after splenectomy, in two intact dogs, and in five dogs before and after major operations other than splenectomy. In all the animals studied, considerable variation in iron balance was observed in the periods used (6 to 14 days). The intact controls had positive balances, the one followed for a year and a half having over 0.4 mg. per kilo per day, except when fasting or on an inadequate intake. The iron of urine, lost hair, dandruff, etc., which was not included in the determinations, would be far from sufficient to restore equilibrium. Of five animals subjected to major operations other than splenectomy, all of which in preoperative periods had positive balances varying between 0.423 mg. to 0.075 mg. per kilo per day, three showed a positive balance of from 0.989 mg. to 0.057 mg. and two showed negative balances of from 0.02 to 0.18 mg., the last two having anemia in the period of study while the others had none. Of the six splenectomized dogs, five showed a greater tendency to loss of iron after splenectomy (i.e., either a change from a positive to a negative balance or to an increasedly negative or lessened positive balance). This was not always apparent until some days after splenectomy and coincided approximately with the period of developing anemia. The removal of the spleen was usually found therefore to be transiently associated with increased excretion of iron. It is not possible to demonstrate, however, that the increased loss of iron is the cause of the anemia, and the matter awaits further investigation before the reason of its occurrence is made clear. An adequate iron intake in an intact animal was usually accompanied by a positive balance, though in splenectomized animals during the period of anemia it was frequently accompanied by a negative balance. Gain in weight in intact animals likewise was associated with a positive balance; but in the three instances in which gain of weight occurred during periods of anemia, after splenectomy or other operations, it was associated with a negative balance. Weight maintenance was also associated with a positive balance except in one instance of severe postsplenectomy anemia. Loss of weight was not sufficiently associated with a negative balance to make it seem a definite factor influencing the balance, per se, although about one-third of the periods of loss of weight were associated with negative balances.
Undetectable <i>bcr‐abl</i> rearrangements in some CML patients are due to a deletion mutation in the <i>bcr</i> gene
Authors: Shinsaku Hirosawa, Nobuo Aoki, Hitoshi Matsushime, Masabumi Shibuya
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Most patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) have Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Breakpoints on chromosome 22 in CML occur in a small region designated as the breakpoint cluster region ( bcr ). More than 90 percent of CML patients have breakpoints in the bcr ; the remaining patients had no detectable rearrangement. In our study, a commercially available 1.2 kb Hindlll‐Bglll (1.2 HBg) bcr probe was used to locate breakpoints in the bcr , which were found in 22 of 24 patients. Furthermore, using a probe upstream from the 1.2 HBg probe, rearranged bands were clearly detected in the two patients in whom no extra bands had been found with the 1.2 HBg probe. These results strongly susggest that these two patients carry a deletion at the acr‐abl recombination point encompassing the area of the 1.2 HBg probe. Therefore, in our series, all CML patients eventually had breakpoints in the bcr , and the involvement of rearrangement was demonstrated to be highly specific for CML. Our data indicate that hybridization of CML cellular DNA with several bcr probes is important in examining accurately the frequency of bcr‐abl rearrangements in CML, as some cases contain a deletion within the region.
Expression of bacterial superantigen genes in mice induces localized mononuclear cell inflammatory responses.
Authors: S W Dow, T A Potter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Bacterial superantigens are potent T cell activators, and superantigen proteins have been injected into mice and other animals to study T cell responses in vivo. When superantigen proteins are injected, however, the T cell stimulatory effects cannot be confined to specific tissues. Therefore, to target superantigen expression to specific tissues, we used gene transfer techniques to express bacterial superantigen genes in mammalian cells in vitro and in tissues in vivo. Murine, human, and canine cells transfected with superantigen genes in vitro all produced superantigen proteins both intracellularly and extracellularly, as assessed by bioassay, immunocytochemistry, and antigen ELISA. Superantigens produced by transfected eukaryotic cells retained their biologic specificity for T cell receptor binding. Intramuscular injection of superantigen plasmid DNA in vivo induced an intense intramuscular mononuclear cell infiltrate, an effect that could not be reproduced by intramuscular injection of superantigen protein. Intradermal and intravenous injection of superantigen DNA induced cutaneous and intrapulmonary mononuclear cell inflammatory responses, respectively. Thus, superantigen genes can be expressed by mammalian cells in vivo. Superantigen gene therapy represents a novel method of targeting localized T cell inflammatory reactions, with potential application to treatment of cancer and certain infectious diseases.
Treatment of Sinus Bradycardia with Ventricular Pacing: A Dilemma.
Authors: Frank J. Hildner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Treatment of Sinus Bradycardia with Ventricular Pacing: A Dilemma.Frank J. Hildner, M.D., Onkar S. Narula, M.D., Morton Korn, M.D., Philip SametFrank J. Hildner, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Onkar S. Narula, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Morton Korn, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Philip SametSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-778_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe syndrome of sinus bradycardia with variable heart rate may result in Stokes-Adams episodes. Ventricular pacing is the usual method of treatment for cardiac syncope, but atrial pacing is hemodynamically superior if adequate AV conduction is intact. This study reports the hemodynamic status of patients with sinus bradycardia and analyzes the consequences of right ventricular endocardial pacing.Thirteen patients (nine male, four female, average age, 72) were studied. The AV conduction as determined by His bundle recording was found to be normal in nine and abnormal in three patients. At the average control heart rate of 49/min, the average cardiac... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Frank J. Hildner, M.D.; Onkar S. Narula, M.D.; Morton Korn, M.D.; Philip SametAffiliations: Miami Beach, Fla. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 778-778KeywordsBradycardiaHeart rateHemodynamicsPatient advocacySyncope ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
The role of gut microbiota in immune homeostasis and autoimmunity
Authors: Hsin-Jung Wu, Eric Wu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2012)

Keeping a delicate balance in the immune system by eliminating invading pathogens, while still maintaining self-tolerance to avoid autoimmunity, is critical for the body's health. The gut microbiota that resides in the gastrointestinal tract provides essential health benefits to its host, particularly by regulating immune homeostasis. Moreover, it has recently become obvious that alterations of these gut microbial communities can cause immune dysregulation, leading to autoimmune disorders. Here we review the advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota regulates innate and adaptive immune homeostasis, which in turn can affect the development of not only intestinal but also systemic autoimmune diseases. Exploring the interaction of gut microbes and the host immune system will not only allow us to understand the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases but will also provide us new foundations for the design of novel immuno- or microbe-based therapies.
MAPK/AP-1-dependent regulation of PAI-1 gene expression by TGF-β in rat mesangial cells
Authors: Baoliang Guo, Ken Inoki, Motohide Isono, Hiroyuki Mori, Keizo Kanasaki, Toshiro Sugimoto, Satoshi Akiba, Takashi Sato, Baofeng Yang, Ryuichi Kikkawa, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Masakazu Haneda, Daisuke Koya
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Outpatient Psychiatry: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Charles Kent Smith
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Lazare has organized an appropriate psychiatry text for the present decade. Without sacrificing material presented in other psychiatry textbooks, he has gone beyond standard presentations to develop unifying themes that are suitable to understanding people in the broadest context. In this sense, the title is inappropriately narrow as the book goes beyond the treatment of patients in an outpatient psychiatry setting. Chapters one, six, and seven outline and give practical clinical meaning to a multidimensional approach to patients, and clinicians providing therapy or counseling might do well to review the outline in chapter six periodically. The book does give a bit more attention to the psychodynamic understanding of behavior than to other conceptualizations, and Binstock's excellent chapter on this approach could be required reading for all medical students. Along with the two fine chapters on neurosis and personality disorders, this would give students or primary care physicians an excellent overview
Clinical, Laboratory, And Molecular Evaluation Of 105 Patients With A Phenotype Of Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) Syndrome
Authors: E. Gambineri, M. Hackett, S. Añover, Q. Zhu, E. Ocheltree, H.D. Ochs, T.R. Torgerson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)

OBJECTIVE: To better define the clinical and immunologic spectrum of IPEX syndrome and to attempt to correlate clinical phenotypes with molecular defects in FOXP3, the causative gene. METHODS: FOXP3 gene was sequenced in 105 patients from 84 unrelated families. Clinical features and immunologic findings were collected. When feasible, protein expression was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Twenty-three different mutations, including 12 novel mutations, were identified in 31 of 84 families tested. Patients with FOXP3 mutations were found to have more severe disease than those without mutations. Virtually all of the IPEX patients had a triad of enteropathy, dermatitis, and endocrinopathy that was often accompanied by other autoimmune disease. IgE levels were found consistently elevated in the majority of the IPEX patients tested. FOXP3 protein expression was not always impaired and levels of expression were not necessarily dependant on the type of mutation. The IPEX-like patients all had enteropathy but were less likely to have the other features of the IPEX triad and the associated autoimmune diseases. Of the IPEX-like cohort, 15 patients were found to have very low FOXP3 protein levels suggestive of a defect in regulatory sequences upstream of the FOXP3 gene. Molecular analysis of these regions revealed only the presence of SNPs. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients analyzed with a phenotype suggestive of IPEX, worse disease severity, more extensive systemic involvement, and elevated IgE levels are predictive of a FOXP3 mutation. Protein expression is not always impaired. These data provide the clinician with clinical and molecular indicators for the diagnosis of IPEX.
Going the Distance — The Case for True Colorectal-Cancer Screening
Authors: Daniel K. Podolsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Available screening methods should make it possible to prevent most deaths from colorectal cancer. Almost all colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps that develop over a period of years. During this time, polyps can be detected and then removed by colonoscopic polypectomy.1 The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the American Cancer Society, and a multidisciplinary expert panel assembled by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and the American Gastroenterological Association, as well as other groups, have all recommended screening for colorectal cancer.26 Standard recommendations include annual testing for fecal occult blood and periodic sigmoidoscopy after the age . . .
Abstract A51: Antiproliferative activity of F14512, a novel polyamine-vectorized drug, on multidrug resistant cancer cells
Authors: Laurent Créancier, Nicolas Guilbaud, Jean-Philippe Annereau, Viviane Brel, Marie-Laure Marionneau-Brossard, Vanessa Offrete, Jérôme Verdier, Karine André, Emmanuel Fournier, Yves Guminski, Anna Kruczynski
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract F14512 is a novel vectorized topoisomerase II inhibitor currently in phase I clinical study in AML. Briefly, F14512 combines a polyamine (spermine) chain with an epipodophyllotoxin warhead. An enhanced antitumor effect associated with a large therapeutic index results from this specific targeting of cancer cells through polyamine transport system. One of the most important limitations in chemotherapeutic treatment is acquired or innate drug resistance. To investigate this phenomenon for F14152, we selected A549 NSCLC cell lines upon F14512 treatment by increasing doses selection, and characterized the profile of resistance in term of ABC transporter expression and modification of topoisomerase II expression. As results, resistant cell lines were selected after 46 passages and 32 treatment of F14512 with doses ranging 0.25 to 4 IC50 of inhibition of proliferation, over a period of 9 months. As key observation, the intense selection pressure led solely to a moderated shift of EC50 of proliferation, not mediated through MDR1 nor MRP1, but more likely attributable to reduction of topoisomerase II expression. Moreover, we demonstrated that F14512 retains significant antiproliferative activity of F14512 on cell line overexpressing MDR1: CEM selected in vinblastine, A-549 in vinflunine, and P388 in vinorelbine, with a striking enhanced impact on the later model. According to these first investigations, we conclude that MDR1 would not be involved in the resistance mechanism against F14512. We are investigating hypotheses potentially explaining the collateral sensitivity to this novel polyamine derivative on MDR1 expressing P-388 cells.
The Quality of Drug Studies Published in Symposium Proceedings
Authors: Mildred K. Cho
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objective: To compare the quality, relevance, and structure of drug studies published in symposium proceedings that are sponsored by drug companies with 1) articles from symposia with other sponsors and 2) articles in the peer-reviewed parent journals of symposium proceedings; and to study the relation between drug company sponsorship and study outcome. Design: Cross-sectional studies of clinical drug studies published in symposium proceedings or their parent medical journals. Measurements: The proportion of articles with no methods sections (which are necessary to assess quality); methodologic quality and clinical relevance scores; and the proportion of articles with outcomes favoring the drug of interest. Results: Symposia sponsored by single drug companies had more articles without methods sections (10%; 108 of 1064) than did symposia that had other sponsors (3%; 58 of 2314) or symposia that had no mentioned sponsor (2%; 29 of 1663) (P < 0.001). The mean methodologic quality and relevance scores of articles were similar both by type of sponsorship and between articles published in symposia sponsored by single drug companies and articles from the parent journals. Significantly more articles with drug company support (98%; 39 of 40) than without drug company support (79%; 89 of 112) had outcomes favoring the drug of interest (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Articles in symposia sponsored by single drug companies were similar in quality and clinical relevance to articles with other sponsors and to articles published in the parent journals. Articles with drug company support are more likely than articles without drug company support to have outcomes favoring the drug of interest.
Evidence-Based Medicine and the Search for a Science of Clinical Care
Authors: M. Godwin
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GENERAL SYSTEMIC INFECTION BY THE DIPLOCOCCUS OF NEISSER COMPLICATING CHRONIC GONORRHEA.
Authors: THOMAS J. STRONG
Journal: JAMA (1904)

A case is herewith presented of gonorrheal pyemia, which I believe is the first authenticated one in the history of this hospital. This case presents a peculiar feature, interesting and instructive from a clinical standpoint, in that the microscopic examination of smears, and the cultures, show a pure gonococcus infection. <h3>Patient.</h3> —D. G. W., private, Company K, Eleventh Infantry, was admitted to this hospital, Jan. 15, 1904, complaining of pain and swelling in muscles of right side of neck, right arm, right leg, and left arm. No other symptoms were complained of, except slight temperature and coated tongue. <h3>Previous History.</h3> —Had pertussis when a boy; had typhoid fever six years ago, which was of three months' duration and quite severe; had mumps five years ago, no complications; had measles at Fort McPherson, Ga., three years ago, and malaria in Philippines in 1002. From these diseases he fully recovered and was in good health when he enlisted. <h3>Present Trouble.</h3> —In June, 1900, patient had a severe attack of gonorrhea, complicated by an epididymitis of the right side
The Interleukin-33-p38 Kinase Axis Confers Memory T Helper 2 Cell Pathogenicity in the Airway
Authors: Yusuke Endo, Kiyoshi Hirahara, Tomohisa Iinuma, Kenta Shinoda, Damon J. Tumes, Hikari K. Asou, Nao Matsugae, Kazushige Obata-Ninomiya, Heizaburo Yamamoto, Shinichiro Motohashi, Keisuke Oboki, Susumu Nakae, Hirohisa Saito, Yoshitaka Okamoto, Toshinori Nakayama
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Inhibition of the Nef regulatory protein of HIV-1 by a single-domain antibody
Authors: Jérôme Bouchet, Stéphane E. Basmaciogullari, Pavel Chrobak, Bettina Stolp, Nathalie Bouchard, Oliver T. Fackler, Patrick Chames, Paul Jolicoeur, Serge Benichou, Daniel Baty
Journal: Blood (2011)
The Role of Tc-99m Bone Imaging in the Management of Pain After Complicated Total Hip Replacement
Authors: RAVI MITTAL, RANJANA KHETARPAL, RAJESH MALHOTRA, RAKESH KUMAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) after total hip replacement (THR) is reported. It is a very unusual cause of pain after any arthroplasty procedure. Three-phase bone imaging diagnosed the condition and sympathetic blockade was used for confirming and treating the condition. The role of the bone scan in differentiating RSD from other causes of pain after THR is highlighted.
Treatment of Paroxysmal Tachycardia.
Authors: Arthur D. Hirschfelder.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Baltimore, Oct. 29, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I should like to correct some false impressions that might be caused by your review (Oct. 27, 1906, page 1417, paragraph 58) of my article on "Paroxysmal Tachycardia." In the review it appears that "Hirschfelder reports a case of paroxysmal tachycardia in which the patient's condition was improved very much by the administration of<i>2 mg. atropin</i>within two hours. The drug was used in<i>5-minim doses of the tincture</i>, repeated once or twice at half-hour intervals." The statement appearing in the original article (<i>Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital</i>, vol. 17, p. 339) was, however, that, in order to determine whether or not the vagi were in tonic activity<i>between attacks</i>, the patient was given (between attacks) 2 mg. atropin to paralyze the vagus endings. This, however, failed to bring on an attack or even increase the pulse rate; indicating: First, that
The Premature Infant in a Community Hospital
Authors: Walter M. Hart
Journal: JAMA (1961)

On Jan. 1, 1950, a study of the premature infants cared for in a community hospital was initiated to improve the interest in care and survival of these babies. This study generated increased concern for these infants among the general practitioners, obstetricians, pediatricians, public health department nurses, and hospital administrators both in this hospital and in the surrounding area. The mortality rate was 21.6% for 1,748 premature infants, weighing 2,500 gm. or less, cared for in 10 years. These results compared favorably with those in a teaching hospital and the national average when analyzed in terms of birth weight, race, and place of birth. An effective program for premature infants may be conducted by small hospitals as well as large ones when local interest is stimulated.