tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Direct detection of circulating hepatitis C virus RNA using probes from the 5' untranslated region.
Authors: K Q Hu, C H Yu, J M Vierling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Diagnostic testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection currently is based on the presence of anti-HCV antibodies or a positive HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Although HCV RNA PCR is a sensitive and specific technique, widespread application is limited. Moreover, HCV RNA PCR is subject to false-positive reactions through contamination and is inherently difficult to standardize and quantitate. To overcome limitations of HCV RNA PCR, we produced both cDNA and riboprobes from a 241 nucleotide sequence of the 5' untranslated region of the HCV genome for slot hybridization. Hybridization was absent using normal human serum, horse serum, or hepatic cellular RNA from noninfected liver. Hybridization occurred predominantly with positive-stranded HCV RNA and was abolished by pretreatment with RNase A. Slot hybridization was performed on serum samples from 60 patients with chronic HCV infection and a positive HCV RNA PCR and 20 patients with liver diseases unrelated to HCV who had a negative HCV RNA PCR. Slot hybridization with cDNA and riboprobes showed concordance with HCV RNA PCR of 95 and 98.3%, respectively. There were no false-positive reactions in controls. The sensitivity of riboprobe hybridization was comparable to that of one stage HCV RNA PCR using 5' untranslated region primers. Riboprobe hybridization with the HCV H strain standard was positive in the dilution corresponding to 10(-6) chimpanzee infectious doses50/ml. The density of the hybridization signals correlated significantly with the mass of an RNA standard extracted from the liver of a patient with HCV infection. The relative quantities of HCV RNA in the sera of selected patients varied and were not correlated with the duration of disease or the histopathological stage. The highest relative quantities were associated with concurrent immunosuppression. We conclude that slot hybridization is a sensitive, specific alternative to HCV RNA PCR that can be directly quantitated using appropriate HCV RNA standards.
Clinical analysis and TPO levels in three patients with refractory thrombocytopenia
Authors: Katsunori Kyoda, Shinobu Nakamura, Minoru Takeshima, Hirokazu Okumura, Shigeki Ohtake, Tamotsu Matsuda, Hisatsugu Miyakoshi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Refractory thrombocytopenia (RTC) is a counter-concept to refractory anemia, which is characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia associated with clonal chromosomal abnormality. The diagnosis of RTC is difficult to establish based on morphologic features alone. And steroid therapy for RTC is often ineffective. We examined 3 patients with RTC to identify its characteristics and measured serum thrombopoietin levels. The mean platelet count was 5.1 × 104/μl and the mean age was 64 years. None of our patients had clinical nor laboratory evidence of liver dysfunction, renal disease or disseminated intravascular coagulation. All patients were negative for antiplatelet antibody, PA-IgG and anticardiolipin-β2GPI antibody. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase level was low in two patients. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities of different types were detected in all patients. Bone marrow smears showed micromegakaryocytes. But there were no apparent morphological abnormalities of erythroid and granuloid series. Thrombopoietin levels, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, varied from <0.2 to 1.40 fmol/ml. We could not find the screening tool of RTC. In conclusion, there is a need to identify RTC from isolated thrombocytopenia because the patients with RTC don't have good prognosis as patients with isolated thrombocytopenia. Cytogenetic analysis is necessary to establish the diagnosis of RTC. We recommend that a patient above 50 years of age presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia and a low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score should be suspected of having RTC. Am. J. Hematol. 62:103–105, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
THE CHARACTERS OF KUPFFER CELLS LIVING IN VITRO
Authors: J. W. Beard, Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1934)

The Kupffer cells procured from the liver of the rabbit and dog for culture in vitro have the typical characters of clasmatocytes. They are readily discriminated from the monocytes washed from the liver with them; and they have certain peculiar features which suffice to differentiate them from some at least of the clasmatocytes of other organs. Their surface is extraordinarily sticky,—far more so than that of blood leukocytes or of the clasmatocytes found in peritoneal exudates; and in consequence they are exceedingly difficult to handle in vitro. They put forth enormous, pellucid, circular membranes resembling those of exudate clasmatocytes but larger. Splenic clasmatocytes, on the other hand, put forth rather small, one-sided ground-glass membranes like broad tongues. On comparing them with Kupffer cells and exudate clasmatocytes one perceives that they are not wholly identical in their characters, but have secondary peculiarities. However, there exist good morphological reasons for grouping them together and terming them all reticulo-endothelial. Kupffer cells are notably sensitive to injury, surviving in Tyrode solution for a much shorter time than blood leukocytes. However, they can be readily cultured on lens paper in serum. Under such circumstances they scatter on the fibres and live separately, presenting the same general aspect as when in the liver; but in the course of proliferation they soon lose some of their pronounced characters, retaining such as are common to clasmatocytes in general. A considerable population of ordinary leukocytes exists in the hepatic sinuses over and above those circulating in the blood. During infection, their number may greatly increase. Several cubic centimeters of packed white cells have been obtained from the liver of a sick dog. The fact has been realized that leukocytes may stop a while in the liver, yet the extent of the accumulation which sometimes takes place seems deserving of stress.
Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion
Authors: William J. Stone
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters20 July 2004Late Sequelae of Induced AbortionWilliam J. Stone, MDWilliam J. Stone, MDFrom Nashville, TN 37205.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-2-200407200-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Many feel that Annals is the voice of internal medicine in the United States. The journal has generally printed balanced views of controversial subjects. However, Grimes and Creinin's review on induced abortion (1) is a deplorable example of biased writing. It whitewashes the long-term medical and spiritual complications of abortion. The bland statements that “induced abortion does not harm women's emotional health” and that “it allows an overall improvement in quality of life” are outright lies, in my experience. The additional statement that the “ ‘postabortion trauma syndrome’ does not exist” is contradicted by well-attended postabortion support ...Reference1. Grimes DA, Creinin MD. Induced abortion: an overview for internists. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:620-6. [PMID: 15096333] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William J. Stone, MDAffiliations: From Nashville, TN 37205. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInduced Abortion: An Overview for Internists David A. Grimes and Mitchell D. Creinin Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion David A. Grimes and Mitchell D. Creinin Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion Nathan Hoeldtke Metrics 20 July 2004Volume 141, Issue 2Page: 161KeywordsEmotionsQuality of life ePublished: 20 July 2004 Issue Published: 20 July 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Vertebroplasty was not effective for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures
Authors: Timothy S. Carey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

ACP Journal Club15 December 2009Vertebroplasty was not effective for painful osteoporotic vertebral fracturesTimothy S. Carey, MD, MPHTimothy S. Carey, MD, MPHCecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (T.S.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-12-200912150-02009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKallmes DF, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ, et al. A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:569-79. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19657122Clinical Impact RatingsEndocrinology: Geriatrics: Rheumatology: References1 Moseley JB, O’Malley K, Petersen NJ, et al. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:81-8. [PMID: 12110735] Google Scholar2 Neumann PJ, Kamae MS, Palmer JA. Medicare’s national coverage decisions for technologies, 1999-2007. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27:1620-31. [PMID: 18997221] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Timothy S. Carey, MD, MPHAffiliations: Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (T.S.C.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 December 2009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoVertebroplasty was not effective for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures Timothy S. Carey Metrics 15 December 2009Volume 151, Issue 12 Page: JC6-9 Keywords Case series Comparative effectiveness research Disabilities Geriatrics Quality of life Randomized trials Rheumatic pain Rheumatology Safety Skin diseases ePublished: 15 December 2009 Issue Published: 15 December 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinician's Manual on Managing Dyspepsia.
Authors: R JONES
Journal: Gut (2001)

Clinician's Manual on Managing Dyspepsia. G Holtmann, NJ Talley (Pp 96; £7.75). London: Science Press, 2000. ISBN 1-85873-376-6.

Picture the scene. An international conference on gastroenterology, delegates flown in from the four corners of the earth, a nice hotel near the sea and golf courses, and one of those keypad voting systems. Dyspepsia? Easy! Dish out a PPI and lets get on to the really interesting stuff like fucosyltransferases and Ki- ras gene point mutations.

But wait! The audience has been asked what it would do with a 43 year old man with an 18 month history of vague upper abdominal pain, a stressful …
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Sonia S. Anand
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Despite years of use in coronary artery disease (CAD) and several studies of its effectiveness, the role of oral anticoagulants (OAs) remains controversial.To determine the effects of long-term OA therapy, stratified by the intensities of anticoagulation and aspirin therapy, on outcomes in patients with CAD.Studies were identified by MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CURRENT CONTENTS searches (1960-July 1999) and by reviewing reference lists and inquiring with experts and pharmaceutical companies.Studies were included if they were published between 1960 and July 1999, were randomized, had recruited patients with CAD, who had used OA therapy for at least 3 months. Of 43 articles identified, 30 articles (31 trials) were analyzed.Information on type, duration, and method of monitoring OA therapy, as well as rates of death, myocardial infarction (MI), thromboembolic complications, stroke, and bleeding were abstracted by 2 independent observers.With high-intensity (international normalized ratio [INR], 2.8-4.8) OAs vs control (16 trials, 10056 patients), clear reductions in mortality (odds reduction [ORed], 22%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13%-31%), MIs (ORed, 42%; 95% CI, 34%-48%), and thromboembolic complications including stroke (ORed, 63%; 95% CI, 53-71%) were observed, but were associated with a 6.0-fold (95% CI, 4.4- to 8.2-fold) increase in major bleeding. For moderate OAs (INR, 2-3) vs control (4 trials, 1365 patients) the ORed for death was 18% (95% CI, -6% to 37%); for MI, 52% (95% CI, 37%-64%); and for stroke, 53% (95% CI, 19%-73%), but it increased bleeding by 7.7-fold (95% CI, 3.3- to 18-fold). For moderate- to high-intensity OAs (INR, > or =2) vs aspirin (7 trials, 3457 patients), no reduction in death, MI, or stroke was observed, and it was associated with a 2.4-fold (95% CI, 1.6- to 3.6-fold) increase in major bleeding. For moderate- to high-intensity OAs and aspirin vs aspirin alone (3 trials, 480 patients), the ORed for death, MI, or stroke was 56% (95% CI, 17%-77%) and major bleeding increased by 1.9-fold (0.6- to 6.0-fold). For low-intensity OAs (INR, <2.0) and aspirin vs aspirin alone (3 trials, 8435 patients), no significant reduction in death, MI, or stroke was observed, and major bleeding increased by 1.3-fold (95% CI, 1.0- to 1.8-fold).Among patients with CAD, high-intensity and moderate-intensity OA are effective in reducing MI and stroke but increase the risk of bleeding. In the presence of aspirin, low-intensity OA does not appear to be superior to aspirin alone, while moderate- to high-intensity OA and aspirin vs aspirin alone appears promising and the bleeding risk is modest, but this requires confirmation from ongoing trials.
Queries and Minor Notes
Authors: Albert Rufus Baker
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Broviac catheter-related bacteraemias due to unusual pathogens in children with cancer: Case reports with literature review
Authors: E. Castagnola, M. Conte, P. Venzano, A. Garaventa, C. Viscoli, M.A. Barretta, L. Pescetto, L. Tasso, M. Nantron, C. Milanaccio, R. Giacchino
Journal: Journal of Infection (1997)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated by Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Carl Z. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In 1950 this patient was treated with cortisone acetate for acute systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A state of remission was obtained until June 1963 when the patient moved to Tucson, Ariz. At this time, there was a relapse of the SLE. By Sept 30, pulmonary coccidioidomycosis developed, and by February 1964 the patient manifested the disseminated form of this disease. By Dec 15, a total of 2,285 mg of amphotericin B had been administered. Both diseases have remained in remission with residuals of nephrotic syndrome, persistent anemia, and leukopenia.
The role of right ventricular systolic dysfunction and elevated intrapericardial pressure in the genesis of low output in experimental right ventricular infarction.
Authors: J A Goldstein, G J Vlahakes, E D Verrier, N B Schiller, J V Tyberg, T A Ports, W W Parmley, K Chatterjee
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To elucidate the pathophysiology of severe right ventricular infarction (RVI), isolated RVI was produced in 15 dogs with the pericardium intact or open. After RVI in dogs with the pericardium intact, RV systolic pressure decreased by 27%, aortic pressure by 29% and cardiac output by 34%. RV transmural pressure, RV end-diastolic size and intrapericardial pressure increased, left ventricular transmural pressure and end-diastolic size decreased and the diastolic pressures equalized. Pericardiotomy after RVI resulted in increased ventricular transmural pressures and diastolic size, improved cardiac output and resolution of equalized diastolic pressures. RVI in dogs with the pericardium open resulted in similar changes, but of lesser magnitude and without equalization of diastolic pressures. These results indicate that reduced left ventricular preload due to impaired RV systolic function contributes to low cardiac output in RVI. Elevated intra-pericardial pressure further reduced left ventricular preload and produces equal diastolic pressures.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and its receptor in acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Naoyuki Katayama, Kenkichi Kita, Keiki Kawakami, Hidetsugu Mitani, Takayuki Sugawara, Satoroh Mizuno, Akihito Yonezawa, Kazuhiro Nishii, Hiroshi Miwa, Hideo Wada, Nobuyuki Minami, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor (G-CSFR) and in vitro proliferative response to G-CSF were investigated by quantitative immunofluorescence and [3H] thymidine uptake, respectively, in a series of acute myeloid leukemias (AML). The results indicated that G-CSFR was detected at high levels in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, in comparison with other types of AML. Moreover, APL cells were also seen to predominantly proliferate in response to G-CSF. Based on these observations, we administered recombinant human G-CSF to a patient with APL in the third relapse that was resistant to both cytotoxic agents and all trans retinoic acid, in an attempt to sensitize the leukemic cells to cell-cycle-dependent agents. Complete remission was achieved. The finding that APL cells are exquisitely responsive to G-CSF supports the view that G-CSF is useful for augmentation of their vulnerability to cell-cycle specific agents. Am. J. Hematol. 58:31–35, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Prognostic significance of CD20 expression in adults with de novo precursor B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Deborah A. Thomas, Susan O'Brien, Jeffrey L. Jorgensen, Jorge Cortes, Stefan Faderl, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Srdan Verstovsek, Charles Koller, Sherry Pierce, Yang Huh, William Wierda, Michael J. Keating, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2008)
Evidence for a Dystrophin Missense Mutation as a Cause of X-Linked Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rocio Ortiz-Lopez, Hua Li, Jason Su, Veronica Goytia, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Circulation (1997)

X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy (XLCM) has previously been shown to be due to mutations in the dystrophin gene, which is located at Xp21. Mutations in the 5' portion of the gene, including the muscle promoter, exon 1, and the exon 1-intron 1 splice site, have been reported previously. The purpose of this study was to analyze the originally described family with XLCM (and other) for dystrophin mutations.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify genomic DNA, and reverse-transcriptase PCR amplified cDNA from RNA obtained from heart and lymphoblastoid cell lines. Primers to the muscle promoter, brain promoter, and Purkinje cell promoter were designed, in addition to the exon 1 to exon 14 regions of dystrophin. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was used for mutation detection, and DNA sequencing defined the mutation. Protein modeling was used for amino acid and secondary structure analysis. A missense mutation in exon 9 at nucleotide 1043 was identified that causes an alanine to be substituted for threonine, a highly conserved amino acid, at position 279 (T279A). This mutation results in a change in polarity in the evolutionarily conserved first hinge region (H1) of the protein and substitution of a beta-sheet for alpha-helix in this portion of the protein, destabilizing the protein.A novel missense mutation in exon 9 of dystrophin causing an abnormality at H1 leads to the cardiospecific phenotype of XLCM.
Stress Linked to Immune Response
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methotrexate use and risk of lung disease in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease: systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: R. Conway, C. Low, R. J. Coughlan, M. J. O'Donnell, J. J. Carey
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the relative risk of pulmonary disease among patients with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease treated with methotrexate. <b>Data sources</b> PubMed, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, and Embase to 9 January 2014. <b>Study selection</b> Double blind randomised controlled trials of methotrexate versus placebo or active comparator agents in adults with psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, or inflammatory bowel disease. Studies with fewer than 50 participants or of less than 12 weeks' duration were excluded. <b>Data synthesis</b> Two investigators independently searched both databases. All authors reviewed selected studies. We compared relative risk differences using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects method to assess total respiratory adverse events, infectious respiratory adverse events, non-infectious respiratory adverse events, interstitial lung disease, and death. <b>Results</b> Seven studies met our inclusion criteria, six with placebo as the comparator. Heterogeneity across the studies was not significant (I<sup>2</sup>=0%), allowing combination of trial results. 504 respiratory adverse events were documented in 1630 participants. Methotrexate was not associated with an increased risk of adverse respiratory events (relative risk 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.17), respiratory infections (1.02, 0.88 to 1.19), or non-infectious respiratory events (1.07, 0.58 to 1.96). No pulmonary deaths occurred. <b>Conclusions</b> Findings suggested that there was no increased risk of lung disease in methotrexate treated patients with non-malignant inflammatory diseases. Given the limitations of the study, however, we cannot exclude a small but clinically important risk.