tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospital Volume and Processes, Outcomes, and Costs of Care for Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Gen-Min Lin, Yi-Hwei Li
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters2 August 2011Hospital Volume and Processes, Outcomes, and Costs of Care for Congestive Heart FailureGen-Min Lin, MD and Yi-Hwei Li, PhDGen-Min Lin, MDFrom Hualien-Armed Forces General Hospital and Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.Search for more papers by this author and Yi-Hwei Li, PhDFrom Hualien-Armed Forces General Hospital and Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Joynt and colleagues (1) analyzed Medicare fee-for-service patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of congestive heart failure in the United States and found that in the low-volume group, being admitted to a hospital with a higher case volume was associated with lower mortality, lower readmission, and higher costs. In the report, patients with congestive heart failure receiving intensive cardiac care accounted for 16% in the low-volume hospitals compared with 37% and 69% in the medium- and high-volume hospitals, respectively. As we know, patients with congestive heart failure who have many comorbid conditions and severe symptoms will need ...References1. Joynt KE, Orav EJ, Jha AK. The association between hospital volume and processes, outcomes, and costs of care for congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:94-102. [PMID: 21242366] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Davey Smith G, Egger M. Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials [Letter]. Lancet. 1997;350:1182. [PMID: 9343537] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gen-Min Lin, MD; Yi-Hwei Li, PhDAffiliations: From Hualien-Armed Forces General Hospital and Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Association Between Hospital Volume and Processes, Outcomes, and Costs of Care for Congestive Heart Failure Karen E. Joynt , E. John Orav , and Ashish K. Jha Hospital Volume and Processes, Outcomes, and Costs of Care for Congestive Heart Failure Karen E. Joynt , E. John Orav , and Ashish K. Jha Metrics Cited byPediatric ventricular assist devices 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3 Page: 202 Keywords Clinical trials Conflicts of interest Death rates Heart failure Medicare Mortality ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Assessing the Importance of Maintaining Soldiers' Moral Responsibility—Possible Trade-Offs
Authors: Ori Lev
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgement: I would like to thank Colleen McBride, Arnon Keren, Joe Millum, and Alan Wertheimer for their suggestions and criticisms of the manuscript. The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not reflect any position or policy of the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service, or Department of Health and Human Services.
Cases of the Reincarnation Type, vol 1: Ten Cases in India
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Perhaps most western people have already adopted a position against the concept of reincarnation, just as they have against various other topics that come under the rubric of parapsychology. Dr Stevenson, professor of psychiatry at the University of Virginia, has long been a student of these topics. In regard to reincarnation he has painstakingly and unemotionally collected a detailed series of cases from India, cases in which the evidence is difficult to explain on any other grounds. He presents his corpus of evidence in an interesting way, providing careful detail, and discussing the procedures that he used in attempting to verify the assertions. He provides a critical analysis of the strong and the weak points. Previously he has published 20 instances suggestive of reincarnation and promises that other volumes with additional cases will follow this. He may not convince skeptics but he has placed on record a large amount of
Moving tobacco control beyond "the tipping point"
Authors: R. M Davis
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Next week over 4000 people from about 120 countries will attend the 11th world conference on tobacco or health in Chicago. To mark the occasion, the BMJ , JAMA , and the Bulletin of the World Health Organization are publishing theme issues. At a time of steadily increasing death and disease caused by tobacco and alarming trends in smoking in both developed and developing regions, conference delegates will discuss how to wipe out the “brown plague.”

Malcolm Gladwell, author of the best selling book The Tipping Point ,1 believes he has the answer. He argues that ideas, messages, products, and behaviours spread like viruses. Fashion trends, crime waves, Pokemon, and many other phenomena that characterise everyday life are examples of “epidemics in action.” New ideas, products, or behaviours will cross the threshold into epidemic transmission—that is, move beyond “the tipping point”—if three rules are met. Firstly, people with a “rare set of social gifts,” who are capable of starting epidemics, are involved. Secondly, the “contagion” …
CC chemokine receptor 8 potentiates donor Treg survival and is critical for the prevention of murine graft-versus-host disease
Authors: James M. Coghill, Kenneth A. Fowler, Michelle L. West, LeShara M. Fulton, Hendrik van Deventer, Karen P. McKinnon, Benjamin G. Vincent, Kaifeng Lin, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Donald N. Cook, Bruce R. Blazar, Jonathan S. Serody
Journal: Blood (2013)
Red Cross sees record outlays for humanitarian aid
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The president of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Jakob Kellenberger, expects spending for delivering vital humanitarian aid to rise by as much as 10% on last year’s record of SFr1097.8bn (£630bn; €730; $1000bn).

The funding includes medical interventions for millions of victims of violent conflicts, economic crises, and natural disasters.

“Afghanistan, Somalia, and Pakistan are three examples of countries where natural disasters and high food prices have made life even harder for people already struggling to cope with the effects of war,” Mr Kellenberger said, presenting the agency’s annual report for 2008.

“The people who we try to help are among the most vulnerable and among the weakest in the worst situations,” Mr Kellenberger told reporters.

Last year the committee carried out humanitarian work in 83 countries worldwide, which included supporting 284 hospitals and 394 healthcare facilities, which treated nearly …
A Phase II Study of Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, and Radiation with or without Surgery for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Henry Wang, Janice Ryu, David Gandara, Richard J. Bold, Shiro Urayama, Michael Tanaka, Zelanna Goldberg, David Follette, Samir Narayan, Derick Lau
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Vasospastic Elements in Myocardial Infarction Following Coronary Occlusion in the Dog
Authors: J. Grayson, M. Irvine, J. R. Parratt, J. Cunningham
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1968)

Ligating the descending branch of the left coronary artery in dogs produced a decrease in blood flow (measured by a thermo-electric method) in the area of immediate supply, ultimately leading to the development of an infarct, and hyperaemia in areas of myocardium beyond the immediate distribution of the ligated vessel. Adrenergic neurone blockade largely prevented the decrease in blood flow and the development of infarction and also potentiated the hyperaemia in the area beyond the distribution of the ligated vessel. Neither propranolol nor atropine significantly influenced the blood flow responses of acute ligation.
Comprehensive genetic analysis of cytarabine sensitivity in a cell-based model identifies polymorphisms associated with outcome in AML patients
Authors: Eric R. Gamazon, Jatinder K. Lamba, Stanley Pounds, Amy L. Stark, Heather E. Wheeler, Xueyuan Cao, Hae K. Im, Amit K. Mitra, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Raul C. Ribeiro, Susana Raimondi, Dario Campana, Kristine R. Crews, Shan S. Wong, Marleen Welsh, Imge Hulur, Lidija Gorsic, Christine M. Hartford, Wei Zhang, Nancy J. Cox, M. Eileen Dolan
Journal: Blood (2013)
Understanding the Reliability of American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program as a Quality Comparator
Authors: Kim F. Rhoads, Sherry M. Wren
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Inequalities in HIV Care: Chances Versus Outcomes
Authors: Nir Eyal, Alex Voorhoeve
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2011)

Here and elsewhere in the article, Johansson and Norheim are explicit about their focus on inequality in outcomes, viz. on “inequality in the age of death.” However, the bulk of their analysis focuses on inequality in expected life years, that is, on chances. In this note, we argue that in three of their dilemmas, outcome-egalitarians will draw conclusions which differ dramatically from theirs. We believe this conclusion is important, because we take outcome-egalitarian concerns to be justified.
Throat and Nasopharyngeal Cultures
Authors: Edwin H. Gullekson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  The question frequently arises whether to do a throat culture, nasopharyngeal culture, or both in a given child with a respiratory infection.  The nose may act as a primary reservoir for organisms which find their way further down the respiratory tract. The nasopharyngeal culture is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. In cases of suspected diphtheria and in group A hemolytic streptococcus infections, both the throat and nasopharynx should be cultured. Carriers of staphylococcus and meningococcus can best be detected by the use of a nasopharyngeal culture. Culture of the nasopharynx is a necessity in order to isolate the etiologic agent of pertussis.'  In a study by Laxdal et al, 20 middle-ear aspirates were cultured from children with acute otitis media. Bacterial pathogens were found in 11 of the 20 specimens. The same pathogen was found simultaneously in the nose and throat in only
Circulating antibodies to mouse laminin in Chagas disease, American cutaneous leishmaniasis, and normal individuals recognize terminal galactosyl(alpha 1-3)-galactose epitopes.
Authors: H Towbin, G Rosenfelder, J Wieslander, J L Avila, M Rojas, A Szarfman, K Esser, H Nowack, R Timpl
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Sera from patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease and from monkeys infected with either Trypanosoma cruzi or Trypanosoma rhodesiense show, in RIAs, strong binding to mouse laminin. A distinct although weaker binding activity is also detected in normal human sera. The antibodies recognize a common carbohydrate epitope present on mouse laminin, which was assigned to a terminal galactosyl(alpha 1-3)-galactose group. Distinct crossreactions were observed with some other basement membrane proteins, rabbit glycosphingolipids, defucosylated human B blood group substance and components produced by some human tumor cells. Only little activity was, however, found on laminin obtained from human placenta. The data indicate that the antibodies arising in infectious diseases are stimulated by similar carbohydrate epitopes present on the surface of parasites. Tissue-specific occurrence of such epitopes may exist and explain the involvement of distinct tissues in autoimmune disorders.
Clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic findings in patients with anomalous origin of the coronary arteries.
Authors: B R Chaitman, J Lespérance, J Saltiel, M G Bourassa
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Clinical and angiographic features of 31 patients with anomalous coronpary artery origin are reviewed. Of 17 aberrant circumflex arteries from the right sinus of Valsalva or artery, each was retro-aortic, six atherosclerotic, and seven irrigated a small area of myocardium. Of seven anomalous right coronary arteries from the left sinus of Valsalva or artery, each was ante-aortic and two atherosclerotic. Aberrant origin of the circumflex or right coronary artery was a benign anomaly. The proximal course of seven aberrant left coronary arteries from the right sinus of Valsalva or right coronary artery was related to clinical events. The anomaly was best demonstrated in the lateral view. In five cases, coronary blood flow during exercise and myocardial metabolism during pacing were assessed. Two had had a previous infarction with nonatherosclerotic arteries. Exercise coronary blood flow was normal in four and low in one patient. Pacing resulted in lactate production in two with atherosclerotic and one without atherosclerotic arteries. We conclude that anomalous left coronpary origin from the right sinus of Valsalva can result in significant myocardial ischemia and infarction.
Beta-adrenergic vasodilator mechanism in the finger.
Authors: R A Cohen, J D Coffman
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The digital vasospastic phenomena, which are induced by beta-adrenergic-blocking agents, suggest a beta-adrenergic finger vasodilator mechanism. We measured fingertip total blood flow with venous occlusion plethysmography and studied nutritional blood flow with Na131I clearance. During fingertip vasoconstriction caused by branchial artery infusion of norepinephrine or angiotensin, intra-arterial isoproterenol caused a sustained increase in fingertip total blood flow. Furthermore, propranolol significantly potentiated the vasoconstriction caused by intra-arterial norepinephrine and attenuated the vasodilator action of isoproterenol. No change in branchial artery blood pressure occurred to explain the changes in fingertip blood flow. Isoproterenol did not change nutritional flow, implying beta-adrenergic vasodilation solely of the fingertip arteriovenous shunts. When fingertip vasoconstriction was induced by reflex sympathetic nerve action during environmental cooling and mental stress, or by norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves caused by intra-arterial tyramine infusion, isoproterenol and propranolol had no effect on fingertip total blood flow. This effect is probably specific for the beta-receptor agonist, since intra-arterial histamine caused a large increase in finger blood flow during environmental cooling. We conclude that there is a beta-adrenergic vasodilator mechanism in human digital arteriovenous shunts that may be humorally activated, but which has no apparent functional role in modulating sympathetic vasoconstriction. Our results suggest a spatial dissociation of the effector sites for vasoactive humoral agents and sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves.
Abstract P6-12-07: Phase II Trial of Vinorelbine and Sorafenib in Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC)
Authors: T Luu, P Frankel, C Chung, J Mortimer, A Hurria, G. Somlo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BACKGROUND Vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, at 20-25mg/m2 has a response rate of 15-30% for second line therapy of MBC. Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor against the tyrosine kinases for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Flt-3 and c-Kit receptors. In preclinical studies, sorafenib demonstrated anti-tumor activity by inducing complete tumor stasis in a variety of tumor types through the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. In the NCI H460 cell line for NSCLC tumor xenograft, synergy between vinorelbine and sorafenib were observed. We established the phase II recommended dose in MBC for the combination of vinorelbine (d1,18,15 on a 28 day cycle) with daily sorafenib at vinorelbine 20mg/m2 and sorafenib 200mg oral twice daily (reported at ASCO 2010). Phase II trial will complete in 6/2010. METHODS Eligibility include: MBC with adequate end-organ function and performance status 0-2 who have up to two lines of prior chemotherapy regimens. Patients were treated at the recommended phase II dose as above. Tumor response was evaluated every two cycles by RECIST criteria. N=39 (target accrual 41 by 6/10) patients enrolled at the above recommended dose from 6/09 to 6/10. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS Sites of metastatic disease included liver, lung, bone, bone marrow and skin. A total of 22/39 patients were enrolled prior to 2/17/2010 and are therefore evaluable for 4-month progression free survival (PFS) evaluation at this time. Median age of these patients was 56 yrs (range 39-72). ECOG performance status is 0 in 8 and 1 in 14 participating patients. Prior number of chemo regimens for MBC was 0 (n=4), 1 (n=10), and 2 (n=8). There was 1 partial response (PR) with 2 prior, and 8 stable disease (SD) with PFS for more than 4 months with 6 with 1 prior and 2 with 2 prior regimens for MBC. A total clinical benefit rate (PR+ SD) of 9/22 (41 %). SD patients included 1 who progressed at 11 months (1 prior), and 3 still on therapy. The patient with SD for 11 months previously progressed in 2 months on abraxane. Toxicities resulted in treatment discontinuation in only 2 patients. Toxicities include: Grade 3 hand-foot reaction (n=3), Gr 4 ANC (n=3), Gr 3 fatigue (n==3), Gr 3 Diarrhea (n=2), Gr 3 hypertension (n=2), Gr 3 infection (n=3), 2 skin), Gr 3 elevated lipase (n= 1), Gr 3 hypophosphatemia (n=2), Gr 3 hyponatremia (n=2), Gr 3 Somnolence (n=1), Gr 4 PLT (n=1), Gr 3 back pain (n=1), and Gr 3 cough (n=1). CONCLUSIONS The addition of sorafenib to vinorelbine to date showed a promising 41% clinical benefit rate in this heavily pretreated MBC population with a tolerable toxicity profile. Follow-up is continuing, we will report on the entire cohort of 41 patients at SABCS. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-12-07.
Effects of Drugs on the Electrical Activity of the Brain: Anesthetics
Authors: Wallace D. Winters
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1976)

The major concepts presented in this review can be summarized as follows: 1. There is a multidirectional continuum of anesthetic states—some represented by CNS excitation and others by depression. 2. The reticular activating system is influenced by all anesthetics; some inhibit its action (stage III) and some hyperexcite the system resulting in a function disorganization (stage II-C). 3. Some agents traverse both excitation and depression, diethyl ether (I, II, III). 4. Others induce only stage II—catalepsia, e.g. nitrous oxide, ketamine, gamma-hydroxybutyrate, alpha-chloralose, phencyclidine, trichlorethylene, and enflurane. 5. Others induce no stage II but progress directly from stage I stage III, e.g. halothane and barbiturates. 6. Cataleptic agents may induce further CNS excitation manifested by seizures, e.g. gamma-hydroxybutyrate, phencyclidine, ketamine, alpha-chloralose, trichlorethylene, and enflurane. 7. The functional definition of surgical anesthesia is: a stage induced by a drug that makes the subject relatively unresponsive to painful stimuli and amnestic. Thus, the subject does not respond during surgery and cannot recall what happened afterwards. This state can be achieved by functional disruption of CNS systems by marked stimulation or depression.
Endoscopic vacuum-assisted therapy of infected pancreatic pseudocyst using a coated sponge
Authors: I. Wallstabe, A. Tiedemann, I. Schiefke
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Endoscopic vacuum-assisted therapy (EVAT) is a reliable treatment for endoscopically accessible abscesses and was recently described in the management of infected pancreatic pseudocyst (IPC) [1] [2] [3] [4].
TNF-α could be responsible for disulfiram-mediated hepatotoxicity
Authors: Boris Cvek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

Current work by Lu et al. [[1]Lu J.W. Wang H. Yan-Li J. Zhang C. Ning H. Li X.Y. et al.Differential effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on TNF-α-mediated liver injury in two different models of fulminant hepatitis.J Hepatol. 2008; 48: 442-452Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar] showing pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate-accelerated death of mice with TNF-α-induced liver injury probably explains for long known but still not well understood hepatitis in patients treated with disulfiram (Antabuse) against alcoholism. In these patients, bad prognosis of the disease (even with a mortality risk of 16%) is associated with elevated bilirubin and aminotransferases level in the liver [[2]Bjornsson E. Nordlinder H. Olsson R. Clinical characteristics and prognostic markers in disulfiram-induced liver injury.J Hepatol. 2006; 44: 791-797Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (70) Google Scholar]. It is symptomatic that TNF-α, when used for systemic anticancer chemotherapy, increased serum levels of aminotransferases and bilirubin indicating a direct cytotoxic role of TNF-α in hepatocytes [[3]Bradham C.A. Plumpe J. Manns M.P. Brenner D.A. Trautwein C. Mechanisms of hepatic toxicity. TNF-induced liver injury.Am J Physiol. 1998; 275: G387-G392PubMed Google Scholar]. Furthermore, TNF-α production can be a consequence of chronic alcoholism even in patients without any liver disease [[4]Laso F.J. Vaquero J.M. Almeida J. Marcos M. Orfao A. Production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood monocytes in chronic alcoholism: relationship with ethanol intake and liver disease.Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2007; 72B: 408-415Crossref Scopus (67) Google Scholar]. TNF-α may not be as toxic for the liver as Lu et al. claim if it activates not only death signaling through FADD but also survival signaling through NF-κB (Fig. 1) [[5]Micheau O. Tschopp J. Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes.Cell. 2003; 114: 181-190Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (2099) Google Scholar]. Dithiocarbamates and disulfiram are potent NF-κB inhibitors [[6]Cvek B. Dvorak Z. Targeting of nuclear factor-κB and proteasome by dithiocarbamate complexes with metals.Curr Pharm Des. 2007; 13: 3155-3167Crossref PubMed Scopus (123) Google Scholar], thus their administration in patients with elevated levels of TNF-α both in the liver or in the blood can be fatal. Consequently, alcoholics to be treated by disulfiram should be screened for TNF-α in their blood or liver.
Reply to Jovo Bogdanović and Vuk Sekulić’s Letter to the Editor re: Firas Abdollah, Giorgio Gandaglia, Nazareno Suardi, et al. More Extensive Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection Improves Survival in Patients with Node-positive Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2015;67:212–9
Authors: Firas Abdollah, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti
Journal: European Urology (2015)