tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Langerhans cells and mast cells within the human oral mucosa: new application sites of allergens in sublingual immunotherapy?
Authors: J.‐P. Allam, G. Stojanovski, N. Friedrichs, W. Peng, T. Bieber, J. Wenzel, N. Novak
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) represents an alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy. While antigen‐presenting cells such as Langerhans cells (LCs) are thought to contribute to the effectiveness of SLIT, mast cells (MCs) most likely account for adverse reactions such as sublingual edema. As little is known about LCs and MCs within the oral cavity, we investigated their distribution in search for mucosal sites with highest LCs and lowest MCs density. Methods: Biopsies were taken simultaneously from human vestibulum, bucca, palatum, lingua, sublingua, gingiva, and skin. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to detect MCs, LCs and high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) expression of LCs. Mixed lymphocyte reactions were performed to assess their stimulatory capacity. Results: Highest density of MCs was detected within the gingiva, while the lowest density of MCs was found within the palatum and lingua. However, sublingual MCs were located within glands, which might explain swelling of sublingual caruncle in some SLIT patients. Highest density of LCs was detected within the vestibular region with lowest density in sublingual region. Highest expression of FcεRI was detected on LCs within the vestibulum. Furthermore LCs from different regions displayed similar stimulatory capacity towards allogeneic T cells. Conclusions: In view of our data, different mucosal regions such as the vestibulum might represent alternative SLIT application sites with potent allergen uptake. Our data might serve as a basis for new application strategies for SLIT to enhance efficiency and reduce local adverse reactions.
Lack of Health Insurance and Decline in Overall Health in Late Middle Age
Authors: David W. Baker, Joseph J. Sudano, Jeffrey M. Albert, Elaine A. Borawski, Avi Dor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The number of adults in their 50s and 60s in the United States who do not have health insurance is increasing. This group may be particularly vulnerable to the ill effects of being uninsured.
False Positive 18F-FDG PET/CT Due to Inflamed Concha Bullosa
Authors: Anne I. J. Arens, Berit M. Verbist, Baudewijn W. Hendrickx, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Wim J. G. Oyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 62-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer was referred for an (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan. She had an active upper respiratory infection at the time of examination. An FDG avid (SUV(max) = 7.7) middle turbinate was identified, correlating with an inflamed concha bullosa. A short review of concha bullosa is given.
Developing a district diabetic register.
Authors: S. D. Burnett, C. M. Woolf, J. S. Yudkin
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To compile a district wide diabetic register of all diabetic patients registered with general practitioners in the catchment area of a single district general hospital and to compare different approaches to identifying patients.Information for a register was obtained from general practitioners' practice registers, the Prescription Pricing Authority, and hospital diabetic clinic records.Catchment area of an inner London district general hospital with a large diabetic clinic.All patients with a diagnosis of diabetes resident in or attending general practitioners or hospital clinics in the district or its catchment area.Prevalence of diabetes, population of patients elicited by different approaches, proportion attending the local district general hospital, cost of using prescription returns for identifying diabetic patients.4674 patients with diabetes were identified from all sources of information, which corresponds to a mean of 22.4 patients per general practitioner and the prevalence of known diabetes of 1.17%. 39.4% of patients identified had Prescription Pricing Authority returns and 42.8% of patients appeared on practices' diabetic registers. Only 56.5% of patients identified attended the district general hospital. For practices where all sources of information were available, practice registers included 60.4% of all patients, and prescription returns and the clinic register identified 64.9% and 40.6% respectively. The cost of using prescription returns to identify patients not detected in other ways was 6.37 pounds per patient.The task of developing district diabetic registers may prove, even in one cross sectional attempt, a major task in many inner city health districts.
Abstract 2133: Suppressing effect of a Kava fraction on two lineages of prostate carcinogenesis in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model
Authors: Su-Ni Tang, Palika Datta, Peixin Jiang, Pablo Leitzman, Cheng-guo Xing, Cheng Jiang, Junxuan Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Kava (Piper methysticum Forest) is a crop historically originating from west Pacific Islands. The epidemiologic studies for Pacific Island populations indicated that their cancer incidence rates were inversely related to the local consumptions of kava. Whereas chemopreventive efficacy of Kava ethanol extract has been shown in chemically-induced lung carcinogenesis models, its efficacy against prostate carcinogenesis is not known. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of Kava Fraction B, which is mostly kavalactones and free of flavokawains and most potent in lung carcinogenesis models, on prostatic carcinogenesis in the well-characterized C57BL/6 transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) preclinical model. Previous studies by us (The Prostate, 2011) and others have suggested a paradigm of distinct lineages of carcinogenesis in this model: i.e., at least, androgen receptor (AR)-dependent glandular epithelia lesions (usually arise from the dorsal-lateral prostate [DLP] lobes) and AR-independent neuroendorine (NE)-like poorly differentiated (PD) carcinomas (usually derive from the ventral prostate [VP] lobe). Experimentally, male C57BL/6 TRAMP mice were fed AIN93M purified diet without or with 0.4% of Kava fraction B from 8 weeks of age (WOA). Mice were euthanized at either 16 WOA or 28 WOA unless large tumors necessitated earlier sacrifice. The growth of the DLP in Kava-treated TRAMP mice were inhibited by 70% (P&amp;lt;0.05) from control TRAMP mice by 16 WOA. By 28 WOA, the inhibition of TRAMP DLP growth were 76% (P&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, Kava-fed TRAMP mice cohort had lower incidence of palpable and dissectable tumors (2 out of 14 mice) than control mice (7 out of 14 mice). Therefore, Kava fraction B appeared to inhibit both epithelial lineage lesions and NE-carcinogenesis. Future work will focus on 1) profiling cellular processes and molecular targets of Kava fraction B and 2) identifying active compounds in Kava Fraction B that inhibit epithelial lineage lesions and NE-carcinogenesis. Supported in part by NCCAM AT007395 R01 and NCI CA142649 R01 grants. Citation Format: Su-Ni Tang, Palika Datta, Peixin Jiang, Pablo Leitzman, Cheng-guo Xing, Cheng Jiang, Junxuan Lu. Suppressing effect of a Kava fraction on two lineages of prostate carcinogenesis in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2133. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2133
microRNA-34a expression correlates with MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism and treatment-free survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Daniela Asslaber, Josefina D. Piñón, Irina Seyfried, Petra Desch, Markus Stöcher, Inge Tinhofer, Alexander Egle, Olaf Merkel, Richard Greil
Journal: Blood (2010)
A graft-versus-host disease-like syndrome with carcinomatosis
Authors: R.A.C. GRAHAM-BROWN, J.A.G. JONES, P.V. SHAW, D.B. BARNETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article A graft‐versus‐host disease‐like syndrome with carcinomatosis Get access R.A.C. GRAHAM‐BROWN, R.A.C. GRAHAM‐BROWN Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, U.K. Dr R.A.C.Graham‐Brown, Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A.G. JONES, J.A.G. JONES Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.V. SHAW, P.V. SHAW Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.B. BARNETT D.B. BARNETT Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 2, 1 February 1987, Pages 249–252, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05822.x Published: 01 February 1987
Drugs and Intravenous Infusion Filters
Authors: Ralph Braunschweig
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The interesting discussion generated by the question of F. M. Dougherty, MD (1979;242:1790), about intravenous infusion filters addresses safety and cost-effectiveness in different areas of the hospital. However, in our experience, one of the problems with the use of in-line filters is their efficiency in binding certain drugs that are given by intravenous push, notably diazepam. Until more data are available regarding the amount of drugs retained in the filters, we have avoided their use in the operating room and the intensive care units, except in special circumstances. Hopefully this information will be forthcoming from the manufacturers.
Potential Effects of Aggressive Decongestion During the Treatment of Decompensated Heart Failure on Renal Function and Survival
Authors: Jeffrey M. Testani, Jennifer Chen, Brian D. McCauley, Stephen E. Kimmel, Richard P. Shannon
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Overly aggressive diuresis leading to intravascular volume depletion has been proposed as a cause for worsening renal function during the treatment of decompensated heart failure. If diuresis occurs at a rate greater than extravascular fluid can refill the intravascular space, the concentration of such intravascular substances as hemoglobin and plasma proteins increases. We hypothesized that hemoconcentration would be associated with worsening renal function and possibly would provide insight into the relationship between aggressive decongestion and outcomes.Subjects in the Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness trial limited data set with a baseline/discharge pair of hematocrit, albumin, or total protein values were included (336 patients). Baseline-to-discharge increases in these parameters were evaluated, and patients with >or=2 in the top tertile were considered to have evidence of hemoconcentration. The group experiencing hemoconcentration received higher doses of loop diuretics, lost more weight/fluid, and had greater reductions in filling pressures (P<0.05 for all). Hemoconcentration was strongly associated with worsening renal function (odds ratio, 5.3; P<0.001), whereas changes in right atrial pressure (P=0.36) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (P=0.53) were not. Patients with hemoconcentration had significantly lower 180-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.31; P=0.013). This relationship persisted after adjustment for baseline characteristics (hazard ratio, 0.16; P=0.001).Hemoconcentration is significantly associated with measures of aggressive fluid removal and deterioration in renal function. Despite this relationship, hemoconcentration is associated with substantially improved survival. These observations raise the question of whether aggressive decongestion, even in the setting of worsening renal function, can positively affect survival.
Reducing Radiation Hazards in the Radium Wards
Authors: P. Howes, S. B. Osborn
Journal: BMJ (1962)

SYNDROME BRNALIt is concluded that Cushing's syndrome is due to pituitary overactivity which is prompted by a hypo- thalamic disorder that disturbs rather than disrupts the normal homoeostatic link between pituitary and adrenal.We are grateful to Professor I. Doniach for his reports on pituitary histology; to Drs.Clayton and Davies for A.C.T.H. assays; and to Dr. Mitchell for M.S
Retinoblastoma in children of former residents of Seascale.
Authors: J A Morris, R Butler, R Flowerdew, A C Gatrell
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Thus in Lothian about 250 children-the vast majority not infected with HIV-are likely to suffer the death of one or both parents due to disease related to HIV in the near future; this figure is probably an underestimate as it represents only the tested population.Although many of these children will be beyond their early years when their parents develop advanced disease, they will require much support and counselling.Research should focus on what happens to children when a parent infected with HIV dies and on the role of fostering and adoption services.In our experience it is often grandparents or other family members who bring up children when their HIV infected parents have died or are unable to cope: account needs to be taken of the pressure exerted within extended families in such cases.The care of healthy, dependent children due to suffer bereavement as a result of the HIV epidemic in Lothian should be addressed while the problem is still in its infancy.
The Language of Case Histories
Authors: Gregory C. Kane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 May 1998The Language of Case HistoriesGregory C. Kane, MDGregory C. Kane, MDJefferson Medical College; Philadelphia, PA 19107Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Donnelly's well-referenced critique of questionable language practices commonly encountered in case historics at teaching hospitals [1] is an important call to arms for educators in internal medicine. Although none of the seven language maladies represents abject failure in and of itself, the total tends to dehumanize or minimize the patient and all too often ignores the patient's understanding of his or her condition.Two points, however, require further emphasis. First, characterizing a patient as “a 55-year old self-employed architect who lives with his architect wife in their Westchester home” rather than simply as “a 55-year-old man” ...References1. Donnelly WJ. The language of medical case histories. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:1045-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Jefferson Medical College; Philadelphia, PA 19107 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 876KeywordsCaregiversHistory of medicineHospital medicine Issue Published: 15 May 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hypochondria as control
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Illness, or at least what sociologists used to call “illness behaviour,” is one way people have of controlling one another. For example, I once knew a woman who claimed to be allergic to practically everything. The only water that she could allow to touch her skin was from a certain spa in Germany, and so her husband had to buy huge quantities of it for her to bathe in. As they were living in a remote part of the African bush at the time, this kept him so busy—importation was far from easy—that he had little time or energy left over for the activities to which he was reputed to be inclined.

There is a very similar description …
Say no to the market: Might as well say no to the weather
Authors: L S Lewis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Godlee does not define market but exhorts us all to say no to it.1

The market—a recognition that services, providers, consumers will all interact, and usually at a price—is as unavoidable as the weather. The NHS buys drugs largely from private companies, at considerable cost. NHS hospitals are built with …
Advanced Transmission Raman Spectroscopy: A Promising Tool for Breast Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Nicholas Stone, Pavel Matousek
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

A novel approach to noninvasively probe the composition of endogenous materials concealed deeply within mammalian tissue is presented. The method relies upon transmission Raman spectroscopy and permits the detailed characterization of the chemical composition of the probed volume. The technique has been enhanced by the deployment of chemometric methods and the use of a dielectric optical element at the surface to force escaping photons back into the tissue and, thus, enhance the relatively weak signals from the deeper tissue and its components. This permitted reaching both the clinically relevant depth and sufficient sensitivity in phantoms for the noninvasive identification of the calcification types associated with benign or malignant breast disease. Both calcium hydroxyapatite and calcium oxalate monohydrate have been chemically identified from depths of up to 2.7 cm within a breast phantom made up of porcine tissues. The technique has shown significant potential for probing human breasts to provide complementary data in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
Prospects of Therapy for Infections with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III
Authors: M. S. HIRSCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Human T-lymphotropic virus type III is susceptible to attack at various sites during its replicative cycle. Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase activity, including suramin, antimoniotungstate (HPA-23), and trisodium phosphonoformate, have shown in-vitro activity against the virus in early clinical trials. Other significant antiviral agents are recombinant interferon alpha-A, ribavirin, and ansamycin. Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of interferon alpha, which inhibits viral replication at easily achievable serum levels, are underway. The development of optimal therapeutic regimens will require carefully controlled, multicenter collaborative trials with standardized criteria for evaluating responses. Prolonged treatment with combinations of antiviral and immunomodulating agents may be necessary for control of HTLV-III replication and for effective treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
A piece of my mind. Miss Gina
Authors: A. Burrows
Journal: JAMA (1990)

I saw her every time I went to the hospital cafeteria. She looked ready for a stage performance, her silver hair in careful curls, a large, crisp bow (which always matched her dress) crowning her head. I guessed she was 90 years old, judging from her thin face and crinkled eyelids. She always had a bowl of soup and a roll, holding her spoon delicately, gazing at the people around her. She never seemed to notice me, the young intern who stared at her puffed sleeves and white lace gloves. She dressed as someone would have been fashionably attired in the 1920s, and her clothes were clean, pressed, and in fine condition. One day I asked the cafeteria cashier about her. Oh yes, came the answer, Miss Gina had been an actress in the 20s; she had even sung regularly in nightclubs. She took all her meals in the hospital
Molluscum contagiosum virus types in genital and non-genital lesions
Authors: C.D. PORTER, N.W. BLAKE, L.C. ARCHARD, M.F. MUHLEMANN, N. ROSEDALE, J.J. CREAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

The endonuclease digest patterns of viral DNA from 48 genital and 45 non-genital molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) lesions were examined. The overall ratio of MCVI to MCVII was 3.23:1. There was no predominance of either MCV type in genital lesions. No obvious morphological differences were seen between MCVI and MCVII lesions. MCVII was not found in any patient under 15 years old.
Setting Probabilities: Lost in the Translation
Authors: Bogdan Dragos Grigoriu, Liliana Veres, Traian Mihaescu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters1 January 1992Setting Probabilities: Lost in the TranslationBogdan Dragos Grigoriu, Liliana Veres, MD, Traian Mihaescu, MDBogdan Dragos GrigoriuSearch for more papers by this author, Liliana Veres, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Traian Mihaescu, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-1-94_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Terms used to express physiologic and pathologic variability include probability expressions ranging between "never and always." Their meanings differ among physicians, leading to misunderstandings and management errors (1-3). We studied the meaning of 18 common Romanian expressions of probability and how their English equivalents were perceived by Romanian readers of English medical texts.Forty physicians and 37 medical students (all with a good knowledge of English) took part in this study. They were asked to assign a numerical value to statements about the frequency of a new, hypothetical symptom in lung cancer (called "XYZ"). The probability expressions...References1. Kenney R. Between never and always. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:1097-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GrigoriuMihaescu BT. Evaluarea numerica a expresiilor de probabilitate folosite in limbajul medical. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 1988;92:361-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. KongBarnettMostellerYoutz AGFC. How medical professionals evaluate expressions of probability. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:740-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Dannely W. Medical language as symptom: Doctor talk in teaching hospitals. Perspect Biol Med 1986;30:81-94. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Bogdan Dragos Grigoriu; Liliana Veres, MD; Traian Mihaescu, MDAffiliations: University School of Medicine Iasi 6600, Romania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1992Volume 116, Issue 1Page: 94-94KeywordsLung and intrathoracic tumors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...