tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Combined Therapy May Enhance Recovery Rates of Severe Depression
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Science and Medicine in France: The Emergence of Experimental Physiology, 1790-1855
Authors: Michael T. Walton
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The movement from anatomic research to experimental physiology, so important for modern medicine, began in the 17th century. However, the intellectual and institutional conditions were not right for the establishment of an independent experimental physiology methodologically based in vivisection and chemistry until the late 18th century in France. John E. Lesch describes how the threads of experimental physiology created by Harvey, Mayow, Hunter, Haller, and others were woven into whole cloth through the efforts of Bichat, Magendie, Bernard, and their associates. Xavier Bichat developed a bipartite physiology. The first part grew out of traditional theoretical concerns about general biologic ideas, while the second was rooted in surgical skills and animal experiments. After Bichat's death, his student François Magendie continued his vivi-sectional work, combining it with the new critical pharmacology and its reliance on chemistry. This not only allowed breakthroughs in the physiology of poisons but also stimulated advances in pharmacology,
Phenylbutazone and Leukaemia
Authors: R. H. D. Bean
Journal: BMJ (1960)

LEUKAEMIA IN CHILDHOOD foetus to cause one case of leukaemia in 40,000 births, they do show that the tendency is not very much greater.The incidence of 8 leukaemic deaths per 16,948 live births, 1 in 2,118, is slightly higher for Queen Charlotte's Hospital than for the country as a whole; but this is due to the much higher incidence of leukaemic deaths in the non-irradiated (control) group, 1 in 1,808, compared with the irradiated group, 1 in 4,291, and cannot therefore have been caused by irradiation.I thank Dr. Alice Stewart for providing the lists of deaths from leukaemia, Dr. Rohan Williams for the figures on irradiated cases, and the Board of Governors of Queen Charlotte's-and Chelsea Hospitals for secretarial aid in searching.
A nonlinear isobologram model with Box-Cox transformation to both sides for chemical mixtures.
Authors: D G Chen, J G Pounds
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The linear logistical isobologram is a commonly used and powerful graphical and statistical tool for analyzing the combined effects of simple chemical mixtures. In this paper a nonlinear isobologram model is proposed to analyze the joint action of chemical mixtures for quantitative dose-response relationships. This nonlinear isobologram model incorporates two additional new parameters, Ymin and Ymax, to facilitate analysis of response data that are not constrained between 0 and 1, where parameters Ymin and Ymax represent the minimal and the maximal observed toxic response. This nonlinear isobologram model for binary mixtures can be expressed as [formula: see text] In addition, a Box-Cox transformation to both sides is introduced to improve the goodness of fit and to provide a more robust model for achieving homogeneity and normality of the residuals. Finally, a confidence band is proposed for selected isobols, e.g., the median effective dose, to facilitate graphical and statistical analysis of the isobologram. The versatility of this approach is demonstrated using published data describing the toxicity of the binary mixtures of citrinin and ochratoxin as well as a new experimental data from our laboratory for mixtures of mercury and cadmium.
Diminished transient outward currents in rat hypertrophied ventricular myocytes.
Authors: F Tomita, A L Bassett, R J Myerburg, S Kimura
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Action potential duration is prolonged in ventricular hypertrophy induced by sustained pressure overload. Since the transient outward current (I(to)) is a major factor for determining action potential duration in rat ventricular cells, we used patch-clamp techniques to compare the characteristics of I(to) in normal and hypertrophied left ventricular cells of the rat. Left ventricular pressure overload was induced by partial ligation of the abdominal aorta for 4 to 6 weeks before study. Age-matched normal rats served as controls. Pressure overload increased the heart weight-to-body weight ratio by 47.7%. I(to) was significantly smaller in hypertrophied cells than in normal cells (20.0 +/- 1.3 versus 31.0 +/- 2.1 pA/pF, respectively, at a test potential of +60 mV; P &lt; .001). There were no differences in the steady-state inactivation, the inactivation time course, and the time course of recovery from inactivation between normal and hypertrophied cells. At the single-channel level, there were no differences in the unitary current amplitude of the single I(to) channel between normal and hypertrophied cells, and the slope conductance was 13.7 picosiemens in normal cells and 13.4 picosiemens in hypertrophied cells. The maximum open-state probability, which was estimated from the ratio of the peak of the ensemble-averaged currents to the single-channel current amplitude, was similar for normal and hypertrophied cells (0.66 +/- 0.03 and 0.69 +/- 0.04, respectively, at a test potential of +40 mV; P = NS). We conclude that diminished I(to) contributes to action potential prolongation in hypertrophied ventricular cells from pressure-overloaded rat hearts. Reduced I(to) channel density may be responsible for the diminished whole-cell I(to).
SUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN HEALTHY OCTOGENARIANS: THE BRAZILIAN STUDY ON HEALTHY AGING
Authors: Wladimir M. Freitas, Luiz Quaglia, Simone Santos, Michael Blaha, Roger Blumenthal, Arthur Agatston, Raul Santos, Khurram Nasir, Andrei Sposito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
FLATFOOT IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN.
Authors: ROBERT W. LOVETT
Journal: JAMA (1903)

absence of parasitic germs not only influences the prog¬ nosis but occasionally the treatment.After the uterus has been once thoroughly cleaned, a continuance of the fever indicates an extension of the infection beyond the surface of the endometrium.Fur¬ ther efforts at local treatment are in vain.When the uterus and adnexa are tender the trouble may be local¬ ized or confined to their region.The appearance of peritonitis shows the extension of the infection through the uterine Avails.In the not uncommon condition of absence of local tenderness, with symptoms of profound
Mutations in KERA, encoding keratocan, cause cornea plana
Authors: Natalia S. Pellegata, Jose L. Dieguez-Lucena, Tarja Joensuu, Stephanie Lau, Kate T. Montgomery, Ralf Krahe, Tero Kivelä, Raju Kucherlapati, Henrik Forsius, Albert de la Chapelle
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
ATHEROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ADALIMUMAB AND RESVERATROL IN THP-1 HUMAN MACROPHAGES: CHANGES IN EXPRESSION OF PROTEINS INVOLVED IN LIPID EFFLUX
Authors: Allison B. Reiss, Joshua DeLeon, Steven E. Carsons, Jessica Mounessa, Michael J. Littlefield, Iryna Voloshyna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Mutations in the alpha 2 helix of HLA-A2 affect presentation but do not inhibit binding of influenza virus matrix peptide.
Authors: K T Hogan, N Shimojo, S F Walk, V H Engelhard, W L Maloy, J E Coligan, W E Biddison
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Previous studies have suggested that MHC class I molecules bind and present peptides to CTL in a manner that is analogous to the presentation of peptides by class II molecules to Th. Crystallographic studies of HLA-A2 have led to the assignment of a putative peptide binding site that is bordered by two alpha helices consisting of residues 50-84 and 138-180. In this study, we have investigated whether residues in the alpha 2 helix are involved in the binding and/or presentation of a peptide to CTL. We have generated CTL to type A influenza virus by stimulation of human PBL with a synthetic peptide from the influenza A virus matrix protein (M1 residues 57-68) in the presence of rIL-2. Such HLA-A2.1-restricted influenza virus-immune CTL do not recognize infected HLA-A2.3+ targets. A2.1 and A2.3 differ by three amino acids in the alpha 2 domain: Ala vs. Thr at position 149, Val vs. Glu at position 152, and Leu vs. Trp at position 156. Site-directed mutants of the A2.1 gene that encode A2 molecules that resemble A2.3 at positions 149, 152, and 156 have been constructed, transfected into human cells, and assayed for their ability to present the M1 peptide. The results demonstrate that most, but not all, A2.1-restricted M1-peptide-specific CTL fail to recognize M1 peptide-exposed transfectants with certain single amino acid substitutions at positions 152 and 156. In contrast, M1 peptide-exposed transfectants that express A2 molecules with an Ala----Thr substitution at position 149 were recognized by all CTL tested, but they exhibited an apparent difference in the kinetics of peptide binding. These results indicate that amino acid substitutions at positions 152 and 156 of the putative peptide binding site of the A2 molecule can affect presentation without eliminating binding, and indicate that the failure to recognize complexes between the peptide and the mutant A2 molecules is due to different TCR specificities and not to the failure to bind the peptide.
Influence of heredity and environment in determination of skinfold thickness in children.
Authors: C G Brook, R M Huntley, J Slack
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses were measured in 222 pairs of like-sex twins (78 monozygotic and 144 dizygotic) aged 3-15 years. Log transformations of the measurements were standardized for age and sex and the results used to estimate heritability--that is, the proportion of total variation determined by genetic factors. The overall contribution of non-genetic familial effects was small. There were appreciable differences in heritability between limb and trunk fat and between the sexes and at different ages. Over the age of 10 heritability was high for both sites in boys and girls. In younger children environmental factors contributed more to the variation.
A Safe Approach to Respiratory Resuscitation
Authors: Gertie F. Marx
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The number of human immunodeficiency virus—positive men and women is steadily increasing. The Surgeon General has recommended using appropriate precautions on every patient. Therefore, gloves are now worn not only for withdrawal of blood and insertion of intravenous catheters but also for endotracheal intubation and routine care of newborns. Goggles have been issued to emergency department, surgical, obstetric, and anesthesia personnel. Yet, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is still taught in cardiopulmonary resuscitation courses. As a concerned physician, I strongly believe that mouth-to-mouth resuscitation should be abandoned, except for family members, in favor of a mechanical device. A mask-valve-bag setup is most effective and, although its proper use is difficult to learn, should be taught to all health professionals. However, mask-valve-bag setups are bulky and therefore suitable for use only in hospitals, emergency vehicles, and lifeguard stations. In the early days of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, resuscitubes provided acceptable results. This tube
Controlled trial of bowel rest in the treatment of severe acute colitis.
Authors: P B McIntyre, J Powell-Tuck, S R Wood, J E Lennard-Jones, E Lerebours, P Hecketsweiler, J P Galmiche, R Colin
Journal: Gut (1986)

In a prospective, randomised clinical trial, 47 patients with severe, acute, non-infective colitis treated with 60 mg intravenous prednisolone daily, received either bowel rest with parenteral nutrition or oral diet. Although those who received 9bowel rest9 experienced a reduction in daily stool weight, there were no differences in the operation or mortality rates between the groups. Fourteen of the 27 patients with ulcerative colitis, but none of the 16 patients with Crohn9s disease required urgent surgery. Bowel rest did not affect the outcome in severe ulcerative colitis treated with intravenous prednisolone. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn9s colitis behaved differently in the acute attack.
Studies of Amygdalin (Laetrile) Toxicity in Rodents
Authors: Janardan D. Khandekar
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Amygdalin (laetrile), given to Fischer 344 rats in doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily for five days, caused mortalities of 30.8%, 44.1%, and 56.8%, respectively. The mode of death and the elevated serum cyanide levels in the dying animals strongly suggested cyanide poisoning as the cause of death. These findings seriously question the use of amygdalin in clinical medicine under any circumstances. (<i>JAMA</i>242:169-171, 1979)
Inability of methylprednisolone sodium succinate to decrease infarct size or preserve enzyme activity measured 24 hours after coronary occlusion in the dog.
Authors: W M Vogel, V G Zannoni, G D Abrams, B R Lucchesi
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (50 mg/kg) was given 30 minutes before or after the start of a 90 minute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in one group of dogs. In a second group, methylprednisolone sodium succinate was given 15 minutes after permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Infarct size was determined by dehydrogenase staining after 24 or 96 hours. Heart slices were incubated with nitro-blue tetrazolium and nonstaining infarcted tissue was dissected and weighed. Myocardial depletion of creatine phosphokinase activity (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) were determined 24 hours after temporary LCX occlusion. When measured after 24 hours, methylprednisolone sodium succinate treatment did not reduce infarct size or decrease enzyme loss. After temporary LCX occlusion infarct size was 30.4 +/- 3.6% of left ventricular weight in control dogs and 30.0 +/- 2.3% in treated dogs. No significant difference in infarct size was observed in hearts examined 24 or 96 hours after myocardial infarction. After permanent LAD occlusion, infarct size in control dogs was 39.2 +/- 1.6% of left ventricular weight and 33.7 +/- 3.5% in treated dogs. CPK activity in the LCX area decreased by 26.5 +/- 7% in controls and by 28.1% +/- 7% in treated dogs. Treated dogs sustained a significantly greater fall in arterial blood pressure after LCX occlusion than did controls. During LCX occlusion and upon reperfusion, methylprednisolone sodium succinate treated dogs exhibited a significantly greater number of premature ventricular beats. Since infarct size and enzyme depletion were not reduced when measured after 24 hours, methylprednisolone sodium succinate treatment does not appear to have enhanced myocardial cell viability.
Therapeutics Not Necessarily Drug Giving.
Authors: W. P. Whery
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Fort Wayne, Ind., Oct. 31, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Addresses on pharmacology inThe Journalcomplain of the ignorance and indifference of the medical profession to this branch of medical science. But are not the medical colleges and the American Medical Association responsible for these things? The colleges have chairs of "materia medica and therapeutics," and the American Medical Association has a Section on Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Why therapeutics? There are several therapies, such as surgery, besides pharmacotherapy. There is no reason why drugs and therapeutics should be so combined. It makes the public believe that treatment and drugging are the same thing. A judge has defined the practice of medicine as the prescribing of drugs; and Eddyites and others take advantage of such misinterpretations. In colleges the physiologic effect of drugs should be thoroughly taught, because they can be shown and proved in the laboratory; and the student is
Genetic Associations With Age-Related Macular Degeneration—Reply
Authors: Johanna M. Seddon, Peter J. Francis, Michael L. Klein, Bernard Rosner
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Approach to Evaluation of Sexual Problems in the Cancer Patient
Authors: L. R. Derogatis, S. M. Kourlesis
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1981)

The Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction in Cancer PatientsTo date, no formal epidemiologic studies of the prevalence of sexualdysfunction among cancer patients have been pub lished.The problem is considerable, how ever, and some empirical data are avail able.Devlin et al' report an approximately 50 percent rate of dysfunction in post-co lostomy males, while the rate for males undergoing radical prostatectomy is 85 to 90 percent.2For prostate cancer, external megavoltage radiation is reported as pro ducing dysfunction in 40 to 85 percent of patients by von Eschenbach.3Although relatively rare, cancerof thetestis isone ofthemost common cancers among males inthe20 to34 yearage group,and a num ber of studies indicate ejaculatory dys function in the 85 to 95 percent range for thesepatients.4'5In women undergoingpelvic exenter ation,dysfunction approaches100 per cent,6-7 a finding similar to that observed
P844 SHORT-TERM EFFECT OF LOW-CALORIE DIET (LCD) VERSUS ISOCALORIE DIET (ICD) ON BLOOD AMINOTRANSFERASES LEVEL AND LIPIDS PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH)
Authors: K. Selezneva, O. Kirillova, I. Vorozhko, V.A. Isakov, T. Sentsova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The R230C variant of the ATP binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1) gene is associated with a decreased response to glyburide therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Linda Liliana Muñoz-Hernandez, Monica Cobos-Bonilla, Marcos Rafael Ramírez-Márquez, Maria Luisa Ordoñez-Sanchez, Roopa Mehta, Roberto Medina-Santillan, Maria Teresa Tusie-Luna
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
Case 52-1968
Authors: Richard H. Meade, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Presentation of Case First admission. A forty-three-year-old man entered the hospital for cardiac surgery.He had been in good health, with no antecedent history of rheumatic fever or a heart murmur, until nine months before entry, when there was the onset of dyspnea and excessive sweating. Four months later, because of increasing dyspnea, he was admitted to another hospital. Cardiac murmurs were heard; an electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation and left ventricular hypertrophy, and an x-ray film of the chest demonstrated cardiac enlargement with signs of congestive heart failure. Digoxin and diuretics were administered, with symptomatic improvement. A month before entry . . .
Industrialization, electromagnetic fields, and breast cancer risk.
Authors: L I Kheifets, C C Matkin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The disparity between the rates of breast cancer in industrialized and less-industrialized regions has led to many hypotheses, including the theory that exposure to light-at-night and/or electromagnetic fields (EMF) may suppress melatonin and that reduced melatonin may increase the risk of breast cancer. In this comprehensive review we consider strengths and weaknesses of more than 35 residential and occupational epidemiologic studies that investigated the association between EMF and breast cancer. Although most of the epidemiologic data do not provide strong support for an association between EMF and breast cancer, because of the limited statistical power as well as the possibility of misclassification and bias present in much of the existing data, it is not possible to rule out a relationship between EMF and breast cancer. We make several specific recommendations for future studies carefully designed to test the melatonin-breast cancer and EMF-breast cancer hypotheses. Future study designs should have sufficient statistical power to detect small to moderate associations; include comprehensive exposure assessments that estimate residential and occupational exposures, including shift work; focus on a relevant time period; control for known breast cancer risks; and pay careful attention to menopausal and estrogen receptor status.
Reversible Tc-99m Diphosphonate Uptake in Gastric Tissue Associated With Malignancy Related Hypercalcemia A Comparative Study Using PET FDG Whole Body Imaging
Authors: MICHAEL A. MEYER, PATRICK McCLAUGHRY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 52-year-old man with metastatic poorly differentiated bronchogenic carcinoma and serum calcium levels as high as 14.6 had intense Tc-99m MDP uptake found throughout the stomach wall on SPECT imaging. FDG uptake assessed by PET imaging was not elevated in the stomach, whereas multiple hyper-metabolic tumor foci could be found throughout the body. Three months later, when calcium levels normalized, no Tc-99m MDP uptake was found in the stomach despite persistence of neoplastic lesions elsewhere. This case study indicates that gastric MDP uptake in patients with malignancy related hypercalcemia can be reversible and not necessarily indicative of neoplastic infiltration.
Myocardial Salvage by CMR Correlates With LV Remodeling and Early ST-Segment Resolution in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Pier Giorgio Masci, Javier Ganame, Elisabetta Strata, Walter Desmet, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Steven Dymarkowski, Valentina Valenti, Stefan Janssens, Massimo Lombardi, Frans Van de Werf, Antonio L'Abbate, Jan Bogaert
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)