tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dissociation of neutrophil aggregation, adhesiveness, and Fc receptor activity
Authors: Philip J. Spagnuolo, Mindy Fain, Steven N. Bass
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract Neutrophils that bear receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G have been demonstrated to be more active in assays of adherence, aggregation, and chemotaxis compared to Fc receptor‐negative cells. We examined the relationship of neutrophil Fc receptor activity and cell–cell adherence or aggregation induced by phorbol myristate acetate. In contrast to 1‐isoproterenol, isobutyl‐methyl‐xanthine, and dibutyryl cAMP, each of which inhibited Fc receptor activity and neutrophil aggregation, theophylline significantly impaired aggregation without affecting Fc receptor activity. The selective beta‐2 agonist, metaproterenol, and 8‐Bromo cAMP failed to inhibit Fc receptor activity or neutrophil aggregation. Three known inducers of neutrophil intracellular cyclic AMP, PGE 1 , PGE 2 , and cholera toxin, also did not inhibit Fc receptor activity. Inhibition of Fc receptor activity by 95% in the presence of purified Fc fragments did not affect neutrophil aggregation. Similarly suppression of Fc receptor activity by purified Fc fragments did not inhibit neutrophil adhesion to nylon fiber columns. These data demonstrate that the Fc receptor does not mediate phorbol myristate acetate‐induced cell–cell adhesion and is not necessary for optimal neutrophil adhesion to nylon fibers. Our results are consistent with the possibility that the reversible inhibitory activity of beta‐adrenergic agonists on rosette formation may be a steric effect rather than a metabolic effect. These data tend to dissociate Fc receptor activity, neutrophil aggregation, and adhesion and support the hypothesis that the Fc receptor may be a marker of neutrophil heterogeneity rather than a component necessary for optimal neutrophil aggregation or adhesion.
Robotic surgery: revisiting "no innovation without evaluation"
Authors: S. Paul, P. McCulloch, A. Sedrakyan
Journal: BMJ (2013)

National registries must be created so that this technology can be properly evaluated

Far from being restricted to the realm of science fiction, robots are now used in many spheres—creating cars, taking inventories, and even cleaning homes (www.irobot.com).1 2 Robots have also become part of healthcare, particularly surgical procedures. Recent articles such as that in the New York Times , “When Robotic Surgery Leaves Just a Scratch,” reinforce this image.3 But what is the evidence to support the use of robotic technology in surgery?

The safety and effectiveness of surgical devices and corresponding outcomes after surgery have consistently come under scrutiny in the past two decades. Despite concerns over safety, effectiveness, and sometimes costs, new devices and technologies for surgery are constantly and uncontrollably developed. These new technologies are often rapidly adopted with minimal scientific evidence.4 The da Vinci robotic system made by Intuitive Surgical was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2000 under its much criticized 510(k) device provisions with minimal clinical evidence of safety or effectiveness. The FDA has recognized the need for reform of device regulation and recently announced its new postmarket surveillance vision.5 6 The FDA’s strategy provides a clear but high level view on how to identify problems with devices in the “real world.” The proposal relies on physicians, hospitals, patients, and device manufacturers …
Cost Analysis of a Multiphasic Screening Program
Authors: Morris F. Collen, Prentis H. Kidd, Robert Feldman, John L. Cutler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Abstract A cost analysis for a full-year period is provided for an automated multiphasic screening program that has been functioning for many years. On the basis of two multiphasic laboratories, each operating for 40 hours weekly and each examining about 500 patients a week, the cost per screening was $21.32, including central staff and data processing and all direct and indirect charges. This figure includes physician interpretations of electrocardiograms, x-ray films and retinal photographs, but excludes physicians' physical and supplemental follow-up examinations. Personnel salaries at $8.60 per patient examination comprised the largest cost category. Clinical laboratory and mammography were the most expensive phases.
Asthma Consensus Is Unconvincing to Many
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

OFFICIALLY there is worldwide agreement on how to treat asthma. In the real world, researchers and clinicians seem to be gasping for consensus the way their patients do for air. General practitioners and many patients refuse to give anti-inflammatory drugs, especially inhaled glucocorticosteroids, the prominent place in their treatment regimen recommended time and again by randomized, controlled studies and consensus panels around the globe. The thousands of abstracts on asthma at this year's American Lung Association meeting in San Francisco, Calif, reflect both the interest and lack of understanding in this common disease, says Paul O'Byrne, MD, professor of medicine and head of respirology at McMaster University School of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario. Wide disagreement on everything from the etiology and mechanisms of asthma to the best and most cost-effective therapy was aired at the meeting. <h3>Steroid Phobia</h3> With the asthma death rate in the United States doubling over the last
P1-224: An analysis of disease control: is major response associated with greater symptomatic benefits than stable disease in small cell lung cancer (SCLC)? Results from the randomized Oral Topotecan (OT) vs. Best Supportive Care (BSC) trial
Authors: Mary E. O'Brien, Mei Sheng Duh, Lei Chen, Lucia Antras, Maureen Neary, Richard J. Gralla
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Rural employment scheme is associated with less infant malnutrition, study finds
Authors: T. Biswas
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Infants from households participating in the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act are less likely to suffer from undernutrition compared to those from non-participating households, a recent study has found.1

The act provides for a guaranteed minimum of 100 days’ employment a year for those households in which the adults volunteer for unskilled manual work.

The study was conducted in the Dungarpur district of Rajasthan, India, using a mixed methods design comprising both cross-sectional study and focus group discussions. A total of 528 households and 1056 participants (infants aged less than 12 months and their caregivers) were included in the final sample, …
A synthetic peptide induces long-term protection from lethal infection with herpes simplex virus 2.
Authors: E Watari, B Dietzschold, G Szokan, E Heber-Katz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Immunization against viral pathogens is generally directed toward the induction of virus neutralizing antibody (VNA) and the maintenance of the potential for a second-set (IgG) response. Indeed, an elevated level of specific antibody is considered a reliable clinical indicator that a state of immunity exists in the host. However, in the case of herpes simplex virus (HSV), the presence of circulating VNA does not necessarily correlate with protection. Thus, it has been found that secondary infections occur in individuals even with high neutralizing titers to HSV, suggesting that antibody to the virus may be useless or even deleterious. In consideration of these facts, we were interested in inducing a T cell response to HSV. We had already shown that synthetic peptides corresponding to the NH3-terminal region of the glycoprotein D (gD) molecule of HSV could induce a strong T cell response when injected into mice, but did not, by themselves, confer protection. In this report, we examined the ability of peptides, covalently coupled to palmitic acid and incorporated into liposomes, to induce virus-specific T cell responses that confer protection against a lethal challenge of HSV-2. We have demonstrated that long-term protective immunity is achieved with a single immunization in the absence of neutralizing antibody when antigen is presented in this form. Furthermore, T cells but not serum from such immune mice can adoptively transfer this protection.
Nuclear Power and Health
Authors: HARRY R. MAXON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 August 1979Nuclear Power and HealthHARRY R. MAXON, M.D.HARRY R. MAXON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-314 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the March 1979 issue you published an editorial "Health Implications of Nuclear Power Production," by Leonard R. Solon and Victor W. Sidel (1).The underlying theme of the editorial seems to be that both the World Health Organization (WHO) Report,Health Implications of Nuclear Power Production, and the 1975 United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)Reactor Safety Studyrepresented efforts by "qualified and influential members of the nuclear establishment" to "minimize the current or potential dangers of the nuclear fuel cycle" for the purposes of "promoting the acceptability of nuclear power. In their quotation from Bok...Reference1. SOLONSIDEL LV. Health implications of nuclear power production. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:424-6. LinkGoogle Scholar1. BURNHAM D. Nuclear agency revokes support for safety study. New York Times. 1979 Jan 20:1 (col. 2), 19 (col. 5-6). Google Scholar2. JOHNSON T. NAACP reaffirms its support of development of nuclear energy. New York Times. 1979 May 19:8 (col. 1-2). Google Scholar3. RAWLS W. 65,000 demonstrate at Capitol to halt atomic power units. New York Times. 1979 May 7:1 (col. 6), 13 (col. 4-6). Google Scholar4. Potassium iodide for use as a thyroid-blocking agent in a radiation emergency (Docket 76-0050). Federal Register. 1978 15 Dec. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HARRY R. MAXON, M.D.Affiliations: Eugene L. Saenger Radioisotope Laboratory Cincinnati General Hospital Cincinnati, OH 45267 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 314-315KeywordsGlobal healthSafety studies ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Diabetes Care and Patient-Oriented Outcomes
Authors: Michael Berger
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
p53 Mutations and Survival in Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a Prospective Study
Authors: S. A. Ahrendt, Y. Hu, M. Buta, M. P. McDermott, N. Benoit, S. C. Yang, L. Wu, D. Sidransky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

The p53 gene is frequently mutated in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the effect of p53 gene mutations on patient prognosis remains unclear. Therefore, we initiated a prospective study to determine the association of p53 gene mutations with survival in patients with stage I NSCLC.Tumor samples were collected prospectively from 188 patients with operable NSCLC (stages I, II, and IIIA). p53 mutations were detected by direct dideoxynucleotide sequencing and p53 GeneChip analysis. Association of clinical and pathologic variables (e.g., alcohol consumption, sex, age, pathologic stage) with mutation of the p53 gene was determined by logistic regression. Associations between p53 mutation status, clinical and pathologic variables, and survival were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. All statistical tests were two-sided.p53 mutations were detected in 55% (104/188) of tumors. These mutations were associated with non-bronchoalveolar tumors, a history of alcohol consumption, and younger patient age. The risk of death was statistically significantly higher in patients with p53 mutations in their tumors (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0 to 2.4; P =.049) than in patients with wild-type p53 in their tumors. Tumor stage, the presence of a p53 mutation, and increasing patient age were statistically significant predictors of patient death in the entire patient group; however, the statistically significant prognostic effect of p53 mutation was limited to patients with stage I NSCLC (stage I HR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.4 to 5.6; stage II HR = 1.8, 95% CI = 0.74 to 4.4; and stage III HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.32 to 1.5). Among patients with stage I NSCLC, actuarial 4-year survival was statistically significantly higher in those with wild-type p53 than in those with mutant p53 (78% versus 52%, respectively; difference in 4-year survival = 26%, 95% CI = 6% to 46%; P =.009, log-rank test).Tumor p53 mutations are a statistically significant predictor of poor outcome in patients with stage I NSCLC.
Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: Thomas A. Parrino
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their article "Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Clinical Assessment" (1982;247:317), Whitley et al point out that the diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis can be made on clinical grounds, using various statistical approaches to available data, in about 75% of cases. They argue that this level of diagnostic accuracy is too low to justify treatment without definitive brain biopsy. This analysis fails to take into account the following three factors: (1) that despite a recent report,<sup>1</sup>the incidence of vidarabine toxicity is low,<sup>2</sup>(2) that there is mounting evidence that brain biopsy may yield false-negative results (or the results may come too late to affect clinical decision making),<sup>3</sup>and (3) that all of the alternative diagnoses found in patients with negative brain biopsy results in their series should have been made by other means (eg, serological tests for cryptococcal meningitis, biochemical screening for metabolic abnormalities), without
Adverse Drug Events in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Sebastian G. Schneeweiss
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Bates et al<sup>1</sup>and Dr Classen et al<sup>2</sup>dem onstrated the significant impact of ADEs on length of stay and costs of hospitalizations. However, the reported economic burden of $4685 for preventable ADEs and $2595 for all ADEs in the article by Bates et al,<sup>1</sup>and $2013 for all ADEs in the work by Classen et al,<sup>2</sup>only consider adverse drug events that were acquired in hospitals. To put the consequences of ADEs during hospitalization in relation to all ADEs, it is necessary to quantify the burden of adverse events in ambulatory care as well. We performed a meta-analytic review of 21 original studies published from 1975 through 1996 and identified 13 reports in adults admitted to medical or emergency services because of ADEs in 4 industrialized countries or regions (United States 3, Europe 8, South Africa 1, Taiwan 1). The meta-analysis used the World
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
Authors: P. L. Timmings, A. Richens
Journal: BMJ (1992)

adenosine, so that its use is restricted to the short term.Despite this a preparation of adenosine is now available commercially, and several hospitals are producing their own preparation.8Adenosine is best given as a fast bolus into a.large peripheral vein and followed by a saline flush.Its very short action allows several doses to be given one after the other without risk of a cumulative effect.A low dose should be given initially and then increased if atrioventricular nodal blockade is not achieved.This is preferable to giving a single large dose because of the transient side effects of flushing and dyspnoea.The datasheet in the United Kingdom recommends an initial dose of 3 mg for adults, and occasionally arrhythmias will be terminated by this low dose.Further doses of 6 mg and then 12 mg may be given if necessary at one to two minute intervals.The upper limit for any single dose of adenosine is 12 mg-based on the finding that just over 90% of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias are terminated by that dose.9Adenosine has, however, been used safely at higher doses, and a further increment to 18 mg may increase the likelihood oftermination ofa supraventricular arrhythmia, although this high dose is usually associated with an increase in the severity of side effects.The dose for children is calculated on a basis of 0 05 mg/kg, increasing by 0 05 mg/kg increments to a maximum bolus dose of 0-25 mg/kg.'0The most important drug interactions are with aminophylline, which antagonises the effects of adenosine, and with dipyridamole, which accentuates and prolongs its effects.Adenosine should be used cautiously in patients with asthma, in whom broncho- spasm may be exacerbated."Adenosine is the drug of first choice for terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the presence of left ventricular dysfunction, concomitant ,1 blockade or severe hypotension because of its very short half life and proved safety in these circumstances.Intravenous verapamil may be preferred in patients with asthma.In terms of the treatment of uncomplicated paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia there seems little to choose between adenosine and verapamil.The claim that termination with adenosine is faster than with verapamil (promotional literature for Adenocor, Sanofi Winthrop, 1992) has little relevance to clinical practice.The difference between 20 seconds to termination with adenosine
Those “Ingredients Most Used by Doctors”
Authors: F.J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

OTC (Over-the-Counter) drugs are those anyone can buy without a prescription. In 1975, several billion dollars' worth* of OTC drug products were bought by those indoctrinated to "take care of yourself," and by the even greater number seeking relief ("Oh, what a relief it is!") from heartburn, difficulty in falling asleep, "irregularity," itching, nasal congestion, hemorrhoids, vitamin deficiency, headaches, joint pains or "Gasid Indigestion." Are these OTC agents safe? Presumably they are not onco- or mutagenic, but no one really knows to what extent their presence in the environment is inconsequential. But some harmful effects are possible: the gastrointestinal bleeding . . .
Fingerprints in Schizophrenia
Authors: Theophile Raphael
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Report is made of a study of fingerprints on a series of schizophrenics. This series was comprised of 100 males, rigidly screened as to diagnosis and possible complicating conditions and factors. Certain special trends in fingerprint patterns were noted. In addition, there was found a tendency to ridge dissociation attributed to disturbance during the period of ridge differentiation in fetal life, and observed in a variety of other conditions and states. These findings bear on the matter of constitution in schizophrenia; i.e., the nature and significance of the host in this disorder. Noteworthy is the suggestion of basic genotypic insufficiency or deficit reflected in the development of various disorders and abnormalities. The emerging significance of dermatoglyphics as a clinical instrument and genetic lead is emphasized.
A RARE COMPLICATION OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: T. L. Deavor
Journal: JAMA (1924)

A careful search of the literature failed to reveal a record of any case similar to the one here reported. In several thousand celiotomies for diseased appendix and other abdominal and pelvic conditions, I have never encountered a like complication.  Mrs. G. V. S., aged 29, rather stout, regular every twenty-eight days, never pregnant, usually quite well, with the exception of a painful right ovary associated with complete retroversion, treated surgically about three years before, was referred by Dr. Frederick S. George, Feb. 14, 1924. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis had already been made, and was very clear, there being no doubt from the symptoms and physical signs. The patient had been ill thirty-six hours, and had vomited several times. The temperature was 101.8 F.; the pulse, 120; and the pain, which was very severe, was localized over the ileocecal region, where tenderness and rigidity were easily made out. Vaginal
Breast feeding and tonsillectomy
Authors: A. Pisacane, N. Impagliazzo, C. De Caprio, L. Criscuolo, A. Inglese
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Tonsillectomy is one of the commonest operations in children,1 performed mainly for recurrent tonsillar and ear infections and severe nasal airway obstruction. The pathogenesis of tonsillar disease is probably multifactorial, and interactions among the anatomy, microbiology, and immunology of these structures may be important.2 Infant feeding is one factor that may programme the immune response, and bottle feeding has been associated with diseases such as acute appendicitis.3 We performed a case-control study designed to investigate the relation between tonsillectomy and infant feeding.

The study was carried out in seven primary schools in Naples. The parents of all children were sent questionnaires asking whether the children had had their tonsils and adenoids …
A Review of Toxic Shock Syndrome Surveillance in Wisconsin: The Effect of Media Publicity and Laboratory Services on Reporting of Illness
Authors: JEFFREY P. DAVIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

A review of case reports on toxic shock syndrome received by the Wisconsin Division of Health through 30 January 1981, with onset of illness before 1 January 1981, showed that media publicity significantly influenced surveillance. Self-reported illness after publicity on toxic shock syndrome was in part responsible for the peak of reported cases with onset of illness in August and September 1980. Adverse media publicity concerning Rely brand tampons (Procter & Gamble) potentially influenced the responses of 22 women in a post-publicity interview; similarity, self-reported cases were more often associated with use of Rely tampons than were physician-reported cases. Epidemiologically defined passive, passive-active, and laboratory-based surveillances for toxic shock syndrome are reviewed.