tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Doxorubicin toxicity in perfused rat heart. Decreased cell death at low oxygen tension.
Authors: P E Ganey, L S Carter, R A Mueller, R G Thurman
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The purpose of these studies was to test whether O2 tension influences cardiotoxicity due to doxorubicin. Isolated hearts were perfused by the method of Langendorff at constant pressure with Krebs-Henseleit buffer saturated with 5% CO2 and either 95% or 20% O2. Toxicity due to doxorubicin was evaluated from changes in heart rate and from uptake of trypan blue by nonviable nuclei. Heart rate was stable in control hearts perfused at 95% O2 for 30 minutes but decreased in hearts perfused at 20% O2. Doxorubicin (30 microM) increased O2 uptake due to redox cycling by approximately 75 mumol/g/hr at 95% O2 but had no effect in hearts perfused at 20% O2. Heart rate decreased during 30 minutes of perfusion with doxorubicin and 95% or 20% O2, with greater decreases occurring with 95% than 20% O2 compared with values for the respective untreated controls. Irreversible cell damage indexed from uptake of vital dye due to doxorubicin was threefold greater than control at 95% O2 but was not different from control at at 20% O2. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that O2 tension is an important determinant of toxicity due to doxorubicin.
Chromatographic and spectrophotometric characterization of adducts formed during the reaction of trans,trans-muconaldehyde with 14C-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate.
Authors: L Latriano, G Witz, B D Goldstein, A M Jeffrey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Mice liver microsomes oxidatively open the benzene ring to form trans,trans-muconaldehyde, a hematotoxic unsaturated aldehyde. In the present studies, 4.5 mumole trans,trans-muconaldehyde was reacted with 14C-2'deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate in phosphate buffer. Products were separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Absorbance was monitored using a diode array detector, and aliquots of the HPLC eluant were collected for UV spectrophotometric analysis and scintillation counting. Under these conditions, deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate eluted at 12.5 min and muconaldehyde at 22.0 min. The HPLC and radioactivity profiles of the muconaldehyde/deoxyguanosine reaction mixture indicated the presence of multiple adducts. Three adducts were detected eluting at 36, 39, and 42 min, which represented approximately 2.5, 2.5, and 1% of the radioactivity, respectively. These adducts had similar UV spectra with absorption maxima between 334 and 347 nm. Another product of the reaction mixture, eluting at 19.0 min and accounting for 10% of the radioactivity, was also observed. This compound had absorption maxima at 348 and 372 nm. These results suggest that trans,trans-muconaldehyde can react with deoxyguanosine monophosphate in vitro under physiological conditions to form stable adducts. Studies are being conducted to determine the structure of these adducts and whether these adducts are formed by the reaction of DNA with muconaldehyde or metabolically activated benzene.
The Unknown Technology in Homer
Authors: Vijay K. Goel
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Subtotal Pancreatectomy and Growth of Young Mice
Authors: Grady L. Hallman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Removal of the distal 75% of the pancreas may be done in adults without producing diabetes or deficiency of external pancreatic secretion. This procedure is often employed in the treatment of malignant and benign tumors. Resection of the body and tail of the pancreas may also be useful in treatment of an occasional patient who sustains severe trauma to the pancreas with complete transection, or with a crushing injury involving the distal portion of this organ. Little data are available, however, concerning the effect of extensive pancreatic resection upon the young, growing individual. Although such a procedure does not result in the development of diabetes, the quantitative requirements for exocrine secretion during the phase of rapid growth have not been established. This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of distal subtotal pancreatectomy on the growth and metabolism of young mice. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> Ninety C-3-H mice, each 4 weeks
Eruptive Hypomelanosis
Authors: Vijay Zawar, Pravin Bharatia, Antonio Chuh
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Recognition of different clinical presentations of viral and virally triggered ("paraviral") exanthems is necessary for patients to be appropriately diagnosed and counseled.Nine children presented with eruptions of hypopigmented macules following coryzal symptoms. Other diagnostic considerations, such as pityriasis alba, pityriasis versicolor, and progressive macular hypomelanosis, were excluded. This novel clinical presentation, eruptive hypomelanosis, may represent a paraviral exanthem with a prodromal coryzal phase, sudden eruption of fairly monomorphic lesions, and predictable time course with spontaneous resolution.Eruptive hypomelanosis is a novel viral exanthem. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the etiology of this condition and its relationship to other exanthemas and eruptions such as pityriasis rosea.
ACUTE ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS
Authors: C. G. Colyer
Journal: BMJ (1918)

ACUTE ULCERATIVE GINGIVT[OCT.2, I8 ef saline water is, of course, from the tissues to tlle blood vessels.Slhould the protein or colloid content of the blood fall sufficiently, the drift may well turn the otlher way; and tlhe tisssues attract the water and hold it.Accordingly, if we analyse the dropsical fluid, we slhall find it to be little more thian thlis saline water, its protein content being practically nit; the tissues, indeed, luay become stronger in colloid content thian thie vessels, and the osmotic relations be quite upset.If, for control, we take a dropsical effusion from a case of primiiary contracted kidney, or of cirrlhosis of the liver, we slhall find it to contain as muchl as, or more tilan, thlree parts of protein per 100 c.cm. (Epstein).You see then liow idle it is unider these conditions to rely on expelling the dropsy by diuretics, diaphoreties, and tl-he like; we can expel but tlle
CHRONIC LARYNGOTRACHEITIS FOLLOWING ROENTGEN-RAY THERAPY OF NECK
Authors: M. L. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The roentgen rays are being increasingly employed as a therapeutic agent, particularly for tumors. Untoward results are found to happen occasionally, as the dosage is only approximate, and individual patients will react differently to the same quantity of rays. Therefore, roentgen-ray therapy is not without its dangers, although reports of injuries are scarce. The following case is one of hyperthyroidism, treated with the roentgen rays. The hyperthyroid condition was improved, but the patient died from the destructive effects of the roentgen rays. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> Mrs. G., aged 40, whose menstrual history was normal, had had several healthy children, with normal parturition. The previous history was negative. Seven years previous to consulting me, she had been treated medically for hyperthyroidism and was improved. Five years previous to consulting me she had a recurrence of symptoms, and about three years previous to consulting me she received her first roentgen-ray treatment. She
The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Suspected Appendicitis in Pregnancy
Authors: Annabelle L. Fonseca, Kevin M. Schuster, Lewis J. Kaplan, Adrian A. Maung, Felix Y. Lui, Kimberly A. Davis
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Making an accurate diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnancy is critical for maternal and fetal outcomes.To determine whether magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in pregnant patients with suspected appendicitis improves outcomes, minimizes length of stay (LOS), and lowers hospital charges.Retrospective review at a university tertiary referral center of all pregnant patients seen with abdominal pain and suspected appendicitis who were followed up through delivery during an 11-year period.Time to operation, LOS, complications, nontherapeutic exploration, fetal outcomes, and hospital charges.Seventy-nine patients were included in this study, 34 of whom had pathology-confirmed appendicitis. Thirty-one patients underwent MR imaging. A trend toward fewer operations (odds ratio [OR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.18-1.16; P = .07) was observed in the MR imaging group. Seven nontherapeutic explorations were performed in the non-MR imaging group and 1 nontherapeutic exploration in the MR imaging group (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.08-2.32; P = .13). Patients in the MR imaging group were more frequently discharged from the emergency department (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13-0.94; P = .04) and had shorter LOS (33.7 vs 64.8 hours, P < .001). Gestational age, time to operation, and the presence of perforated appendicitis were similar between groups. No patient discharged without operation returned with appendicitis in either group. On multivariable analysis, the receipt of MR imaging (P < .001) and the absence of operative intervention (P = .001) were associated with shorter LOS. The mean hospital charges were similar in those with vs without appendicitis. One fetal loss occurred in the non-MR imaging group.Magnetic resonance imaging in pregnant patients with suspected appendicitis does not affect clinical outcomes or hospital charges. It allows safe discharge from the emergency department and improves resource use.
BENEFITS OF A NUCLEAR MEDICINE NETWORK
Authors: P. M. Schneider, R. E. Wendt, P. H. Murphy, W. H. Moore, R. D. Dhekne, P. V. Ford, A. J. Hall
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Schneider, P. M.; Wendt, R. E. III; Murphy, P. H.; Moore, W. H.; Dhekne, R. D.; Ford, P. V.; Hall, A. J. Author Information
The role of glycosylation in IBD
Authors: Evropi Theodoratou, Harry Campbell, Nicholas T. Ventham, Daniel Kolarich, Maja Pučić-Baković, Vlatka Zoldoš, Daryl Fernandes, Iain K. Pemberton, Igor Rudan, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Manfred Wuhrer, Elaine Nimmo, Vito Annese, Dermot P. B. McGovern, Jack Satsangi, Gordan Lauc
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2014)
Ventricular fibrillation threshold is influenced by left ventricular stretch and mass in the absence of ischaemia
Authors: S. Rosen, M. Lahorra, M. V Cohen, P. Buttrick
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Ventricular fibrillation threshold is influenced by left ventricular stretch and mass in the absence of ischaemia Get access Stacey Rosen, Stacey Rosen S Rosen, M Lahorra, M V Cohen, P Buttrick, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maria Lahorra, Maria Lahorra S Rosen, M Lahorra, M V Cohen, P Buttrick, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael V Cohen, Michael V Cohen S Rosen, M Lahorra, M V Cohen, P Buttrick, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Buttrick Peter Buttrick S Rosen, M Lahorra, M V Cohen, P Buttrick, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 6, June 1991, Pages 458–462, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.6.458 Published: 01 June 1991 Article history Received: 18 October 1990 Accepted: 07 February 1991 Published: 01 June 1991
Transforming growth factor alpha is trophic to pancreatic cancer in vivo.
Authors: N Davies, P Kapur, J Gillespie, P J Guillou, G J Poston
Journal: Gut (1993)

Pancreatic cancer cell lines overexpress epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors and also have the capacity to produce transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha), the alternate agonist of the EGF receptor. The purpose of this study was to determine if TGF alpha had a trophic effect on the growth of pancreatic cancer in vivo. Syrian golden hamsters were inoculated with 50,000 H2T hamster ductal pancreatic cancer cells. The hamsters were then randomised to three equal groups: the groups received either saline (control), EGF, or TGF alpha, each by intraperitoneal injection, three times a day. Treatment continued for seven weeks, and each week the hamsters were weighed and tumour areas were measured. The hamsters were then killed, and the tumours were excised, weighed, and extracted for assay of DNA content as a measure of cellularity. From week four onwards both EGF and TGF alpha significantly stimulated tumour growth. Although tumour weights were not significantly different, tumour DNA content had nearly doubled after exposure to both EGF and TGF alpha. It is concluded that like EGF, TGF alpha can stimulate pancreatic cancer growth in vivo, and this may in part explain the aggressive nature of these cancers in clinical practice.
Film: The curious adoption of John Q
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2002)

US health insurers seek to show that they really care

In John Q , a Hollywood blockbuster that topped the US box office on its opening weekend, it is not too difficult to spot the bad guys.

Denzel Washington plays John Q Archibald, a factory worker and regular guy who is doing all he can to support his wife and son. One day, the boy keels over while playing little league baseball, and only an emergency heart transplant can save him.

But there's a big problem. John's dastardly health insurers won't cover the costs of the operation. Unknown to John, his employer-sponsored health plan had been downgraded. The plan, says the hospital administrator, does not cover “a procedure of this magnitude.”

Time is running out. And so the increasingly distraught father takes the emergency room hostage, demanding that the cardiac surgeon performs the transplant. Dad may not have a great health plan, but he has a fantastic gun.

Why has John Q , released in the United States on 15 February, captured the …
A Lecture on MULE-SPINNERS' CANCER: CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT
Authors: A. H. Southam
Journal: BMJ (1927)

KZDICAL JOMMAS~~~~~~~~~~~Ĩ saw her was sugar-free;-nior, though I encouraged her for other reasons, as slhe was miserably thin, to take large quantities of starches and sugar, did she over slhow sugar in the urine, while lher blood sugar curve wras perfectly normal.Another recenit case was that of a maii who at intervals of a few monotlhs passed large quantities of sugar for a few days at a tim-le without making aniy clhange inIhis habits, and with no discomfort except the polyuria.I might multiply these out-of-the-way cases inidefiniitely from my experience anid probably fromii yours.Many of them occurred before blood sugar curves were (dreamlt of.They are of little genieral interest, but they serve to prove that we do not yet kiow all there is to be know-ni about the production of glycosuria, anid tllat unitil we do know a good deal more it behoves us to be cautious, especially in insurance work.
Gastric output of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor is increased by misoprostol.
Authors: R J Playford, J J Batten, T C Freeman, K Beardshall, D A Vesey, G C Fenn, J H Baron, J Calam
Journal: Gut (1991)

Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) is a potent protease inhibitor that also has growth promoting activity. It has recently been identified in the foveolar cells of the stomach, which secrete mucus. We examined the effects of the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol on gastric PSTI output. Seven normal volunteers took part. An initial period of gastric aspiration was followed by four 40 minute periods of gastric perfusion at 5 ml/minute of: 0.14 mol/l saline, 0.17 mmol/l bicarbonate, bicarbonate with misoprostol 400 micrograms, and then bicarbonate again. All perfusates contained polyethylene glycol 4000 as a marker. Misoprostol increased median gastric secretion of PSTI from 11 to 33 micrograms/hour (p less than 0.05), producing concentrations in gastric juice six times higher than those found in jejunal juice and about 1/30 of the values seen in pancreatic juice. Median mucus secretion increased to a lesser extent from 29 to 38 mg/hour during misoprostol. There was no change in intragastric concentrations of protein or of epidermal growth factor during infusion of misoprostol. Infusion of pentagastrin (6 micrograms/kg/hour) had no effect on gastric secretion of mucus, PSTI, or protein. Human gastric mucus was degraded on incubation with trypsin in vitro and this was prevented by the addition of PSTI. These results suggest that gastric PSTI may protect the gastric mucus layer against refluxed pancreatic proteases. Increased output of PSTI during microprostol may contribute to the protective effect of this drug.
Pretherapeutic evaluation of buried bumper syndrome by endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: Y. Tanaka, K. Akahoshi, Y. Motomura, T. Osoegawa, T. Yukaya, E. Ihara, R. Iwao, K. Komori, N. Nakama, S. Itaba, M. Kubokawa, T. Hisano, K. Nakamura
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Buried bumper syndrome is one of the major complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). Once it occurs, either endoscopic or surgical treatment is performed to remove the PEG tube [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. Although the endoscopic approach is less invasive, it carries the risk of perforation, depending on the location of the internal bumper [3] [5]. We show the clinical usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for selecting safe and appropriate treatment of buried bumper syndrome.
Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T Cells Restrict Memory CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Mischo Kursar, Kerstin Bonhagen, Joachim Fensterle, Anne Köhler, Robert Hurwitz, Thomas Kamradt, Stefan H.E. Kaufmann, Hans-Willi Mittrücker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

CD4+ T cell help is important for the generation of CD8+ T cell responses. We used depleting anti-CD4 mAb to analyze the role of CD4+ T cells for memory CD8+ T cell responses after secondary infection of mice with the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, or after boost immunization by specific peptide or DNA vaccination. Surprisingly, anti-CD4 mAb treatment during secondary CD8+ T cell responses markedly enlarged the population size of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. After boost immunization with peptide or DNA, this effect was particularly profound, and antigen-specific CD8+ T cell populations were enlarged at least 10-fold. In terms of cytokine production and cytotoxicity, the enlarged CD8+ T cell population consisted of functional effector T cells. In depletion and transfer experiments, the suppressive function could be ascribed to CD4+CD25+ T cells. Our results demonstrate that CD4+ T cells control the CD8+ T cell response in two directions. Initially, they promote the generation of a CD8+ T cell responses and later they restrain the strength of the CD8+ T cell memory response. Down-modulation of CD8+ T cell responses during infection could prevent harmful consequences after eradication of the pathogen.
Reactive oxygen species signaling through regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in endothelial cells.
Authors: V Natarajan, W M Scribner, M al-Hassani, S Vepa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins, controlled by tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases, plays a key role in cellular growth and differentiating. A wide variety of hormones, growth factors, and cytokines modulate cellular tyrosine phosphorylation to transmit signals across the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) also induce cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation through receptor or nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. To determine whether protein tyrosine phosphorylation by ROS regulates endothelial cell (EC) metabolism and function, we exposed vascular ECs to H2O2 or H2O2 plus vanadate. This resulted in a time- and dose-dependent increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins (M(r) 21-200 kDa), as determined by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis with antiphosphotyrosine antibody. Immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies identified increased tyrosine phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (42-44 kDa), paxillin (68 kDa), and FAK (125 kDa) by ROS. An immediate signaling response to increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation by ROS was activation of phospholipases such as A2, C, and D. Suramin pretreatment inhibited ROS stimulation of phospholipase D (PLD), suggesting a role for growth factor receptors in this activation. Further, PLD activation by ROS was attenuated by N-acetylcysteine, indicating that intracellular thiol status is critical to ROS-mediated signal transduction. These results provide evidence that ROS modulate EC signal transduction via a protein tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent mechanism.
The Use of Three-Phase Bone Imaging in Vascularized Fibular and Iliac Bone Grafts
Authors: KAZUO ITOH, AKIO MINAMI, TAKASHI SAKUMA, MASAYORI FURUDATE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Three–phase bone imaging was undertaken to monitor the viability of vascularized bone grafts after surgery. Eleven vascularized fibular grafts and six vascularized iliac grafts were reviewed. The study evaluated patients over multiple time intervals from 1 week to 6–8 weeks postoperatively. Follow–up ranged from 12 to 60 months. In most of the patients who achieved a successful clinical outcome, the study was positive; blood perfusion and blood pool radioactivity at sites of bone grafts were higher than those at recipient sites two weeks postoperatively and became equal to surrounding tissue thereafter. The grafted bone uptake of radiophosphate was constantly positive in these cases. Conversely, the study was negative in three cases of postoperative vascular complications. Serial three–phase bone imaging is a useful tool to monitor the viability and early complications of vascularized bone grafts after surgery.