tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON HOST-VIRUS INTERACTIONS IN THE CHICK EMBRYO-INFLUENZA VIRUS SYSTEM
Authors: Norman B. Finter, Oscar C. Liu, Werner Henle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

An analysis has been made of factors contributing to the von Magnus phenomenon; i.e., the emergence of increasing quantities of non-infectious hemagglutinins (NIHA) in successive passages in the allantois of chick embryos of undiluted allantoic fluids infected with influenza virus. Using the PR8 strain, the von Magnus phenomenon was pronounced when the serial seeds were obtained under conditions which permitted extensive inactivation of infectious virus during individual passages. Correspondingly, it was reduced but not abolished when precautions were taken to avoid accumulation of inactivated virus in the inocula. Thus, inactivated virus may be taken as a contributing factor. Preparations of infectious virus obtained under conditions largely excluding the presence of inactivated virus were capable of yielding some NIHA on passage as long as sufficient amounts were injected to permit each host cell to adsorb several infectious virus particles. However, the fact remains that more NIHA was found in the harvests when the inocula contained a large proportion of non-infectious virus material. Following injection of various types of seeds NIHA appeared in the allantoic fluids as soon as liberation of virus became detectable. This time relationship and the rates of release of non-infectious virus components seemed to exclude that the NIHA obtained consisted entirely of infectious virus which had been inactivated during incubation in ovo. It was apparent rather that NIHA other than that due to heat-inactivated virus was released. Correlations between the infectivities and hemagglutinating capacities of over 50 standard and undiluted passage seeds and the compositions of the harvests derived therefrom on passage without dilution indicated that the corresponding activities in the yields did not depend entirely upon the relative concentrations of infectious virus and non-infectious hemagglutinins in the inocula but that apparently different forms of NIHA were obtained in successive undiluted passages.
When the Patient Is a Poet
Authors: Bonnie Salomon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Ad Libitum4 April 2006When the Patient Is a PoetBonnie Salomon, MDBonnie Salomon, MDFrom Lake Forest Hospital Lake Forest, IL 60045.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-7-200604040-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In memory of Michael DonaghyDescribe your pain:A foolish command.He says he can't, too difficult.Words are your life, I joke.Try sharp, dull, stabbing, pressured …Try burning, squeezing, aching …Try gnawing, boring, piercing …Just try.Try to capture pain, which it is,beyond language, phantom words,beyond reason,like love, only, not love,but suffering: solitary, mute.Try a lifetime of similes and metaphors,try iambic pentameter.A sonnet, an ode?An elegy?No, just call it pain.Across the gap of understanding,I hear your needto heal. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Lake Forest Hospital Lake Forest, IL 60045.Current Author Address: Bonnie Salomon, MD, Emergency Department, Lake Forest Hospital, 660 North Westmoreland, Lake Forest, IL 60045. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 April 2006Volume 144, Issue 7Page: 532KeywordsEmergency departmentInterleukinsMemory ePublished: 4 April 2006 Issue Published: 4 April 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SPECIFICITY OF PASSIVELY TRANSFERRED DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY
Authors: John S. Najarian, Joseph D. Feldman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Guinea pigs were injected intravenously with lymphoid cells sensitized to tubercle bacilli (TBC cells) and with lymphoid cells sensitized by contact to a simple chemical, dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB cells). In each transfer, either the TBC cells or the DNFB cells were labeled with H(3)-thymidine. Immediately after transfusion, each recipient was skin tested with PPD and DNFB. 24 hours later these lesions were removed for determination of total radioactivity and for autoradiographic analysis. When TBC cells labeled with H(3)-thymidine were transferred with DNFB cells without an isotopic marker, the total radioactivity and the concentration per gram of skin lesion were greater in the PPD test sites. In the reciprocal arrangement, when DNFB cells labeled with H(3)-thymidine were transfused with TBC cells without an isotopic tag, the total radioactivity and the concentration per gram of skin lesion were greater in the DNFB test site. Similar results were obtained in guinea pigs which were actively immunized by tubercle bacilli and passively by transfer of DNFB cells. Autoradiographic analysis of test sites from guinea pigs passively transferred with both types of sensitized cells confirmed these findings. By calculation, only a very small number of transferred sensitized cells reached the specific test lesion. Most of the cellular infiltrate was derived from the responding host. The specificity of the reaction of delayed hypersensitivity was apparently achieved by retention of the sensitized cells after they had arrived by chance at the specific antigen depot and was not due to a non-specific stickiness of sensitized or inflamed lymphoid cells.
Paediatrics in Barcelona
Authors: Fabio Midulla, Enrico Lombardi, Bart Rottier, Anders Lindblad, Jonathan Grigg, Kajsa Bohlin, Franca Rusconi, Petr Pohunek, Ernst Eber
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

This update will describe the paediatric highlights from the 2013 European Respiratory Society (ERS) annual congress in Barcelona, Spain. Abstracts from the seven groups of the ERS Paediatric Assembly (Respiratory Physiology and Sleep, Asthma and Allergy, Cystic Fibrosis, Respiratory Infection and Immunology, Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Respiratory Epidemiology, and Bronchology) have been chosen by group officers and are presented in the context of current literature.
Some Current Concepts of Bone Physiology
Authors: Paul Goldhaber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

DESPITE the heightened interest and work in bone physiology during the past decade (as indicated by a sudden increase in published textbooks and symposiums)it is probably fair to state that those interested in this field are still in the stage of attempting to answer fundamental questions that have been present for a century. Although modern biophysical tools have afforded a remarkable view of the detailed structure of bone as a tissue, the mechanism of its formation, calcification and resorption is either unknown, unclear or disputed, and complete understanding is at the mercy of the most fragile hypotheses available. However, as . . .
p53 may positively regulate hepatocyte proliferation in rats
Authors: Yukiko Inoue, Tomoaki Tomiya, Mikio Yanase, Masahiro Arai, Hitoshi Ikeda, Kazuaki Tejima, Itsuro Ogata, Satoshi Kimura, Masao Omata, Kenji Fujiwara
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

p53, known as a tumor suppressor gene, is a transcription factor that regulates various cellular functions. Recently, several growth factor gene promoters, including that of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), were shown to be direct targets of p53-mediated transcription. Hepatic p53 mRNA is up-regulated during liver regeneration in rats. The aim of this study is to examine the role of p53 in hepatocyte proliferation. p53 protein levels were examined in rat hepatocytes cultured in the medium containing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). p53 levels began to increase after 6 hours of incubation, reached a maximum at 18 hours, and decreased thereafter. DNA synthesis increased at 12 hours and peaked at 30 hours. When hepatocytes were incubated with p53 antisense oligonucleotide in addition to HGF, increases of p53 and TGF-alpha levels were suppressed, and DNA synthesis was reduced. The increases of TGF-alpha levels and DNA synthesis were also suppressed by a chemical inhibitor of p53, pifithrin-alpha. In rats after two-thirds partial hepatectomy, hepatic p53 increased and reached maximal levels around 16 hours when hepatic HGF levels have been shown to reach a maximum followed by an increase in hepatic TGF-alpha levels or hepatocyte proliferation. In contrast, sham-operated rats showed minor elevations of hepatic p53 levels. In conclusion, p53 production is stimulated by HGF and may contribute to the proliferation of rat hepatocytes. Considering previous findings indicating the importance of endogenous TGF-alpha for the proliferation of hepatocytes stimulated by HGF, TGF-alpha might play a role in HGF-p53 mediated hepatocyte proliferation.
Digital vasodilatation during mental stress in patients with Raynaud's disease
Authors: J. L HALPERIN, R. A COHEN, J. D COFFMAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Journal Article Digital vasodilatation during mental stress in patients with Raynaud's disease Get access JONATHAN L HALPERIN, JONATHAN L HALPERIN † From the Peripheral Vascular Section, Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research and Department of Medicine University Hospital Boston University Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts †Address for correspondence and reprint requests: Jay D Coffman, MD, Peripheral Vascular Section, University Hospital, 75 E Newton Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD A COHEN, RICHARD A COHEN From the Peripheral Vascular Section, Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research and Department of Medicine University Hospital Boston University Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAY D COFFMAN JAY D COFFMAN From the Peripheral Vascular Section, Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research and Department of Medicine University Hospital Boston University Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 17, Issue 11, November 1983, Pages 671–677, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/17.11.671 Published: 01 November 1983
Glucagon and haemodynamics of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: J. D. Eddy, E. T. O'Brien, S. P. Singh
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Glucagon was administered to six patients with acute myocardial infarction. Three of them had cardiogenic shock syndrome. Glucagon produced a positive inotropic response in all cases, which resulted in a significant rise in blood pressure, with only slight chronotropic effect. No arrhythmias were induced, and all patients with cardiogenic shock improved temporarily. Further evaluation of glucagon in shock syndrome to determine the dose and method of administration is required.
A Comparison of Premixed Insulin Preparations in Elderly Patients: Efficacy of 70/30 and 50/50 human insulin mixtures
Authors: Robert Brodows, Ruth Chessor
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To compare the postprandial hyperglycemic response to a standard breakfast of two premixed humulin insulin mixtures, 50/50 (50% NPH human insulin and 50% regular human insulin) and 70/30 (70% NPH human insulin and 30% regular human insulin) in elderly non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS On two mornings, each patient (n = 20) consumed a standard breakfast after a single dose of 50/50 or 70/30 insulin (0.3 U/kg) was administered in a randomized crossover fashion. Plasma glucose and serum free insulin concentrations were measured before and for 4 h after insulin administration. RESULTS Plasma glucose reached a peak at 60 min and a nadir at 240 min for both types of insulin. No differences in maximum and minimum glucose concentrations, time to maximum and minimum glucose concentrations, or areas under the curve were noted. Free insulin levels did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that small changes in the composition of premixed insulin mixtures in NIDDM patients may not result in improved postprandial glycemic control.
33 INCREASED NEUTROPHIL TOLL-LIKE-RECEPTOR 2, 4 AND 9 EXPRESSION IN ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS IS A RESULT OF ITS ACTIVATION RATHER THAN ITS CAUSE
Authors: V. Stadlbauer, R.P. Mookerjee, G.A.K. Wright, S.J. Hodges, N.A. Davies, R. Jalan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Individualized Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal-Reply
Authors: Michael F. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —One goal of our study was to follow up on the hypotheses generated in previous work that suggested that less medication could be used to treat alcohol withdrawal when therapy was individualized using an alcohol withdrawal severity measure. To accomplish this goal, we compared an individualized treatment strategy to a well-established, commonly used regimen. Our study showed that symptom-triggered therapy is more appropriate (shorter, less intense pharmacologic treatment and guided by the patient's symptoms) than fixed-schedule regimens for patients with alcohol dependence who abruptly cease their regular alcohol intake. Regarding generalizability, we would not extend our results to apply to those with seizures or acute coexistent illness. The alcohol withdrawal severity scales contain items that are not specific for alcohol withdrawal and that may be present for other reasons in patients with coexistent acute illness. Acute illness and seizures may also place patients at risk for more severe
Constitutive JAK3 activation induces lymphoproliferative syndromes in murine bone marrow transplantation models
Authors: Melanie G. Cornejo, Michael G. Kharas, Miriam B. Werneck, Séverine Le Bras, Sandra A. Moore, Brian Ball, Marie Beylot-Barry, Scott J. Rodig, Jon C. Aster, Benjamin H. Lee, Harvey Cantor, Jean-Philippe Merlio, D. Gary Gilliland, Thomas Mercher
Journal: Blood (2009)
Protease profiling of liver fibrosis reveals the ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1 as a central activator of transforming growth factor beta
Authors: Katia Bourd-Boittin, Dominique Bonnier, Anthony Leyme, Bernard Mari, Pierre Tuffery, Michel Samson, Frédéric Ezan, Georges Baffet, Nathalie Theret
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

During chronic liver disease, tissue remodeling leads to dramatic changes and accumulation of matrix components. Matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors have been involved in the regulation of matrix degradation. However, the role of other proteases remains incompletely defined. We undertook a gene-expression screen of human liver fibrosis samples using a dedicated gene array selected for relevance to protease activities, identifying the ADAMTS1 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase [ADAM] with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1) gene as an important node of the protease network. Up-regulation of ADAMTS1 in fibrosis was found to be associated with hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. ADAMTS1 is synthesized as 110-kDa latent forms and is processed by HSCs to accumulate as 87-kDa mature forms in fibrotic tissues. Structural evidence has suggested that the thrombospondin motif-containing domain from ADAMTS1 may be involved in interactions with, and activation of, the major fibrogenic cytokine, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Indeed, we observed direct interactions between ADAMTS1 and latency-associated peptide-TGF-β (LAP-TGF-β). ADAMTS1 induces TGF-β activation through the interaction of the ADAMTS1 KTFR peptide with the LAP-TGF-β LKSL peptide. Down-regulation of ADAMTS1 in HSCs decreases the release of TGF-β competent for transcriptional activation, and KTFR competitor peptides directed against ADAMTS1 block the HSC-mediated release of active TGF-β. Using a mouse liver fibrosis model, we show that carbon tetrachloride treatment induces ADAMTS1 expression in parallel to that of type I collagen. Importantly, concurrent injection of the KTFR peptide prevents liver damage. Conclusion: Our results indicate that up-regulation of ADAMTS1 in HSCs constitutes a new mechanism for control of TGF-β activation in chronic liver disease. (Hepatology 2011)
The Early Diagnosis of Common Bile Duct Obstruction Using Cholescintigraphy
Authors: Lubov Kaplun, Heidi S. Weissmann, Ruth R. Rosenblatt, Leonard M. Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The technetium Tc 99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid cholescintigram is an extremely accurate examination for detecting early obstruction of the common bile duct in acutely ill patients suspected of having acute cholecystitis or possible obstruction days to years after cholecystectomy. The examination accurately detected common bile duct obstruction in 63 of 65 patients in these two diagnostic categories (positive predictive value, 96.9%). Sonographic evaluations in 43 of these patients failed to reveal ductal dilatation or other abnormality in 26 cases (false-negative rate, 63.4%), and was nondiagnostic because of overlying bowel gas in two cases. The success of the radionuclide examination is attributed to its ability to detect functional impedance to bile flow hours to days before anatomic ductal dilatation occurs, and occasionally even before the alkaline phosphatase level and other liver chemistry values suggest the presence of an obstruction. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:2431-2434)
Management of Threats of Violence Under California's Duty-to-Protect Statute
Authors: Dale E. McNiel, Renée L. Binder, Forrest M. Fulton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

This is the first study to assess clinical practices under one of the new duty-to-protect statutes, some version of which has been passed in many states. In 1985, California enacted a statute enabling psychotherapists to limit their liability when a patient makes a serious threat of violence by 1) making reasonable efforts to warn the victim of the threat and 2) notifying local police.The authors examined all duty-to-protect notifications over a 5-year period in San Francisco by reviewing police and court records.Police received only 337 notifications, typically made by nondoctoral staff members at public facilities such as psychiatric hospitals and crisis clinics. Patients most commonly directed their threats toward family members. Of the patients who made threats resulting in notifications, 51% had prior arrest records, and 14% had subsequent arrests. Only 52% of the patients who made threats were civilly committed.The findings suggest that 1) clinicians rarely discharge the duty to protect in the manner specified by the law, 2) many patients whose threats result in notifications have extensive involvement with the criminal justice system, and 3) family intervention may have clinical relevance in many duty-to-protect situations.
1001-7 The use of Abciximab during percutaneous coronary angioplasty in patients with acute coronary syndrome improves the microcirculatory function: Results of a prospective randomized study
Authors: Piotr Kwiatkowski, Alessandro Manzoli, Costantino Caroselli, Fabrizio Imola, Alessandro Pappalardo, Eugenio Caradonna, Alessandro Boccanelli, Francesco Prati
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Prophylaxis for <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> Pneumonia
Authors: B. Clotet, J. Romeu, G. Sirera
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 July 1992Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii PneumoniaB. Clotet, MD, J. Romeu, MD, G. Sirera, MDB. Clotet, MDSearch for more papers by this author, J. Romeu, MDSearch for more papers by this author, G. Sirera, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-2-169_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Recently, Heald and coworkers (1) focused on the decreased risk in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients for developing subsequent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after being treated for cerebral toxoplasmosis. According to these authors, "decreased risk is probably the result of chronic suppressive treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfonamides."We would like to point out that the reverse is also true for patients receiving primary or secondary prophylaxis for P. carinii pneumonia. We have reported that primary toxoplasmosis did not occur in 54 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients (26 had AIDS, and 28 belonged to stage IV-C2); these patients had...References1. HealdFleppChaveMalinverniRüttimanGabriel AMJRSV. Treatment for cerebral toxoplasmosis protects against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:760-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ClotetSireraRomeuGimenoJouCondom BGJJAM. Twice-weekly dapsone-pyrimethamine for preventing PCP and cerebral toxoplasmosis [Letter]. AIDS. 1991;5:601-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital Universitari "Germans Trías i Pujol" 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPrevención de las infecciones oportunistas en pacientes adultos y adolescentes infectados por el VIH en el año 2008Prevención de las infecciones oportunistas en pacientes adultos y adolescentes infectados por el VIH. Recomendaciones de GESIDA/Plan Nacional sobre el SidaDapsone penetrates cerebrospinal fluid during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxisValue of specific immunoglobulin a detection by two immunocapture assays in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosisCase 4-1994ISSUES IN TOXOPLASMOSIS 15 July 1992Volume 117, Issue 2Page: 169-169KeywordsAIDSHIVPneumocystis carinii pneumoniaPneumoniaProphylaxisPyrimethamineSulfonamideToxoplasmosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 July 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Coexpression of two fibronectin receptors, VLA-4 and VLA-5, by immature human erythroblastic precursor cells.
Authors: M Rosemblatt, M H Vuillet-Gaugler, C Leroy, L Coulombel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Human erythroblastic precursor cells adhere to fibronectin (Fn) but the exact nature of the receptors mediating this interaction has not been characterized. In this study, we report data showing that immature human erythroblasts express the integrins VLA-4 and VLA-5 and that both these molecules act as fibronectin receptors on these cells. We have recently demonstrated that adhesion to Fn of purified human CFU-E and their immediate progeny preproerythroblasts was inhibited by antibodies directed against the human fibronectin receptor (VLA-5). Here we have extended those results and characterized by immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies the integrins expressed on surface-labeled normal human immature erythroblasts. A polyclonal antibody recognizing the common VLA beta 1 subunit yielded two polypeptides of 120 and 160 kD. Our data further demonstrate that the polypeptide of 160 kD contains alpha subunits corresponding to both alpha 4 and alpha 5. Thus, erythroblast lysates prepared in 0.3% CHAPS and immunoprecipitated with antibodies which specifically recognize the alpha 4 subunit showed a heterodimer with peptides of 120 (beta 1) and 160 kD (alpha 4) and the additional peptides of 70 and 80 kD which usually coprecipitate with the alpha 4 chain. On the other hand, specific anti-alpha 5 antibodies immunoprecipitated an alpha 5/beta 1 complex with peptides of 120 and 160 kD which under reducing conditions migrated as a single band of 130 kD. Similar experiments performed with an erythroleukemic cell line (KU 812) showed that these cells also coexpress both the VLA-4 and VLA-5 members of the integrin family. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies recognizing the VLA alpha 4 chain blocked the adhesion of immature erythroblasts to Fn-coated surfaces, thus demonstrating that, as VLA-5, VLA-4 is also a functional Fn receptor on these cells.