tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adverse Events, Including Death, Associated with the Use of 1,4-Butanediol
Authors: Deborah L. Zvosec, Stephen W. Smith, J. Rod McCutcheon, Joe Spillane, Bradley J. Hall, Elizabeth A. Peacock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

1,4-Butanediol is an industrial solvent that, when ingested, is converted to γ-hydroxybutyrate, a drug of abuse with depressant effects, primarily on the central nervous system. After reports of toxic effects of γ-hydroxybutyrate and its resultant regulation by the federal government, 1,4-butanediol and γ-butyrolactone, another precursor of γ-hydroxybutyrate and an industrial solvent, began to be marketed as dietary supplements. We investigated reports of toxic effects due to the ingestion of 1,4-butanediol and reviewed the related health risks.
Results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled efficacy trial of pimecrolimus cream 1% for the treatment of moderate to severe facial seborrheic dermatitis
Authors: Erin M. Warshaw, Ross Jon Wohlhuter, An Liu, Sarah A. Zeller, Rachel A. Wenner, Sacharitha Bowers, Julie C. Schultz, H. Irving Katz, Calogera L. McCormick, Anne Parneix-Spake
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
BIOCHEMORPHIC VERSUS CHEMOPHARMACODYNAMIC
Authors: David I. Macht
Journal: JAMA (1934)

To the Editor:—  I have read with great interest the admirable address of Prof. C. D. Leake on The Role of Pharmacology in the Development of Ideal Anesthesia, published inThe Journal, January 6. To me, one of the most interesting parts of this paper is the first footnote, in which Dr. Leake suggests the coining of a new word, biochemorphic. Devotees of the basic medical sciences, and particularly of pharmacology, should be grateful to Dr. Leake for emphasizing one of the most important aspects of pharmacology—in my opinion, the most important aspect of that science — namely, the relationship between the chemical constitution or structure (including physical properties) and the physiologic or biologic effects of drugs. This is a field in which I have been active in a modest way, and in connection with my work I have often felt the greatest need of an adequate term, substantive and
Survival with Respiratory Failure
Authors: E. J. M. CAMPBELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 June 1974Survival with Respiratory FailureE. J. M. CAMPBELL, M.D., F.A.C.P.E. J. M. CAMPBELL, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-6-777_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Asmundsson and Kilburn (Ann Intern Med80:54-57, 1974) are to be congratulated and encouraged for their attempts to define those clinical, pathological, and physiological factors affecting the survival of patients after acute respiratory failure. But the overall results, as plotted in their Figure 1, seem to me susceptible of an explanation they have not mentioned. Their figure shows that about half the patients died within 6 months after admission to the Durham Veterans Administration Hospital. This experience seems to me typical of many other reports. I appreciate that the probable explanation lies in the severity of the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L85 4J9 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1974Volume 80, Issue 6Page: 777-778KeywordsRespiratory failure Issue Published: 1 June 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Q312X mutation in the hemojuvelin gene is associated with cardiomyopathy due to juvenile haemochromatosis☆
Authors: Yasuhiro Nagayoshi, Masafumi Nakayama, Satoru Suzuki, Jun Hokamaki, Hideki Shimomura, Kenichi Tsujita, Masaya Fukuda, Takuro Yamashita, Yoshinori Nakamura, Seigo Sugiyama, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
A 47-Year-Old Woman With Tension-Type Headaches, 1 Year Later
Authors: Risa B. Burns
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis and Treatment of Menstrual Disorders and Sterility
Authors: Wayne L. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Israel is an eloquent speaker and a prolific writer. His scholarly and precise delivery of long words and complicated phrases characterizes this narrative description of vague symptom complexes and clinical syndromes. This makes for a rather ponderous volume to go with the plethora of journals and insurance forms besieging the practicing physician. The text has been updated since the fourth edition published in 1959. The table of contents is the same as the previous edition except for two laudable changes. Chapter 30 (a study of sterility in 942 couples) has been deleted, and seven chapters on infertility and habitual abortion have been revised by Howard Balin, with the inclusion of more hysterosalpingograms and less emphasis on interpretation of the Rubin test. The newer drugs for inducing of ovulation, clomiphene and pergonal, are discussed. Far and away the most common hormone therapy these days is the birth control pill, either
Patient error in use of bronchidilator metered aerosols.
Authors: J OPREHEK, P Gayard, C Grimaud, J Charpin
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Patient error in use of bronchodilator metered aerosols Aerosolised bronchodilator drugs in pressurised canisters delivering metered doses are widely used, easy to carry, and apparently easy to operate.The instructions with each canister are reasonably clear, stating that each puff must be deeply inhaled and the breath held afterwards.Since the drug intake depends mostly on the patient's ability to follow the instructions, we thought it was important to find out whether asthmatics used their aerosols correctly.
HL-A Antigens and Antibody Response after Influenza a Vaccination
Authors: Mary J. Spencer, James D. Cherry, Paul I. Terasaki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

We investigated possible associations of HL-A types and antibody-response patterns during clinical trials with a live, attenuated intranasal influenza A vaccine. After vaccination, subjects with HL-A type W16 had, as a group, a mean convalescent-phase hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer of 14, which was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than the mean titer of 36 in subjects without Type W16. Of 25 subjects with a poor antibody response, 32 per cent had HL-A type W16, whereas only 5 per cent with a good response had Type W16. The mean titers in nasal secretions of five W16 subjects at 13 and 30 days were <3; in contrast, similar titers of 22 subjects without W16 were 8 and 9 respectively. The results suggest that the lower antibody response in W16 subjects is due to increased cellular resistance to infection rather than to a suppressed immune response, because other subjects with W16 had normal antibody responses after vaccination with killed influenza vaccine. (N Engl J Med 294:13–16, 1976)
SCH527123, a novel CXCR2 antagonist, inhibits ozone-induced neutrophilia in healthy subjects
Authors: O. Holz, S. Khalilieh, A. Ludwig-Sengpiel, H. Watz, P. Stryszak, P. Soni, M. Tsai, J. Sadeh, H. Magnussen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

SCH527123 is a novel, selective CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist that inhibits neutrophil activation and modulates neutrophil trafficking in animal models, characteristics that may be beneficial in the treatment of conditions with unbalanced pulmonary neutrophilia, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The purpose of this proof-of-principle study was to determine whether SCH527123 inhibits ozone-induced neutrophil recruitment in healthy humans. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way crossover study, oral SCH527123 (50 mg once daily, 4 days), prednisolone (50 mg once), or placebo was alternated with 2-week washouts. 18 healthy ozone responders (>20% increase in sputum neutrophils) underwent ozone challenge tests (250 ppb, 3 h intermittent exercise) 1 h after the last treatment dose. Sputum was induced at 3 h post-challenge. After SCH527123 treatment, the ozone challenge resulted in significantly lower sputum neutrophil counts (0.13x10(6).mL(-1)) compared with prednisolone (0.84x10(6).mL(-1); p<0.001) or placebo (2.98x10(6).mL(-1); p<0.001). Comparable results were obtained for total cell count, percentage of sputum neutrophils, and for interleukin-8 and myeloperoxidase in sputum supernatant. Post-challenge, SCH527123 inhibited neutrophilia in peripheral blood but significantly less than in sputum. All treatments were safe and well tolerated. SCH527123 causes significant attenuation of ozone-induced airway neutrophilia in healthy subjects. Further evaluation in a large trial of patients with pulmonary disorders is warranted.
Can the SMART Study Data Be Used to Assess Risk Factors for Renal Disease?
Authors: James D. Neaton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters17 February 2009Can the SMART Study Data Be Used to Assess Risk Factors for Renal Disease?James D. Neaton, PhD, for the INSIGHT SMART Study GroupJames D. Neaton, PhDFrom University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414., for the INSIGHT SMART Study GroupAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-4-200902170-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Gupta that the renal outcomes before and after the protocol modification in SMART are interesting and require further study. The interaction P value corresponding to the treatment hazard ratio comparison before and after the protocol change was significant (P = 0.014); however, the number of participants with renal events, defined in SMART as death from renal disease or end-stage renal disease, was too small (a total of 18 across both treatment groups) to reliably study predictors. A careful study of risk factors for renal disease in the SMART study requires more events. Thus, we are ...References1. El-Sadr WM, Lundgren JD, Neaton JD, Gordin F, Abrams D, Arduino RC, et al; Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) Study Group. CD4+ count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2283-96. [PMID: 17135583] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Mocroft A, Wyatt C, Szczech L, Neuhaus J, El-Sadr W, Tracy R, et al; INSIGHT SMART Study Group. Interruption of antiretroviral therapy is associated with increased plasma cystatin C: results from the SMART study. AIDS. 2009;23:71-82. [PMID: 19050388] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James D. Neaton, PhDAffiliations: From University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRisk for Opportunistic Disease and Death after Reinitiating Continuous Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with HIV Previously Receiving Episodic TherapyThe SMART Study Group* Can the SMART Study Data Be Used to Assess Risk Factors for Renal Disease? Samir K. Gupta Metrics 17 February 2009Volume 150, Issue 4Page: 282-283KeywordsAntiretroviral therapyAntiretroviralsCreatinineEstimated glomerular filtration rateHazard ratioLiver diseasesMedical risk factorsRandomized trialsRenal diseasesRenal failure ePublished: 17 February 2009 Issue Published: 17 February 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE ACCIDENTAL RASHES OF VARICELLA
Authors: J. D. Rolleston
Journal: BMJ (1907)

Erythema still present on trunk, but faded on limbs.Morning temperature, 990; in the evening and subsequently the temperature was normal.February 12th to 13th.Erythema still present.February 14tb.Erythema faded The autonomous existence of scarlet fever in this case is proved by the character of the onset, characteristic desquamation, and the supervention of otorrhoea.CASE III.Boy, aged 3, admitted February 28th, 1905, with scarlatinal nephritis.The rash had occurred a fortnight before.March lltb.Varicella.March 12th to 14th.Fresh vesicles
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head During Pregnancy
Authors: Susan Zolla-Pazner
Journal: JAMA (1980)

ONLY nine cases of femoral head necrosis associated with pregnancy have been reported in the medical literature.<sup>1-5</sup>In seven of these nine cases, predisposing causes other than pregnancy may explain the origin of the disease. In two cases, however, pregnancy was the only known factor.<sup>4,5</sup>This case represents the third in which no other associated predisposing factors leading to femoral head necrosis were present. Thus, a small but important number of women in whom groin and leg pain develops during or soon after pregnancy may represent undiagnosed cases of this orthopedic complication. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 35-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 1, abortus 1) in the sixth month of pregnancy experienced the sudden onset of left anteromedial midthigh pain of mild severity without radiation. The pain occurred with weight bearing. The pain was initially attributed to probable femoral nerve compression. A severe limp rapidly developed, and the
Iron Balance in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: JOSEPH W. ESCHBACH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Iron deficiency is a frequent complication in chronically hemodialyzed patients because of the significant blood losses associated with this technique. Quantitating iron stores (by marrow examination or serum iron and total iron-binding capacity) on a repetitive basis had been difficult or unreliable, often resulting in failure to recognize iron deficiency superimposed on the existing anemia of chronic renal failure, or overtreating, which can lead to iron excess. Use of the serum ferritin allows easier quantitation of iron stores and, when measured serially in dialysis patients, can predict the emergence of iron deficiency. There was no correlation between serum ferritin levels and serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, or percent transferrin saturation. Iron absorption studies show that food iron absorption is physiologic, increasing when the serum ferritin is below 30 ng/ml, decreasing when more than 300 ng/ml. Treatment of iron deficiency with oral iron compounds increases serum ferritin levels and usually can maintain iron balance.
Significant reduction of the antiatherogenic effect of estrogen by long-term inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in cholesterol-clamped rabbits.
Authors: P Holm, N Korsgaard, M Shalmi, H L Andersen, P Hougaard, S O Skouby, S Stender
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the plasma lipid-independent antiatherogenic effect of estrogen and levormeloxifene, a partial estrogen receptor agonist. 85 rabbits were ovariectomized and balloon-injured in the middle thoracic aorta. The rabbits were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet supplemented with 17beta-estradiol, levormeloxifene, or placebo, either alone, or together with 160 microg/ml NG-nitro- -arginine methyl ester (-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor, in their drinking water for 12 wk. Plasma cholesterol was maintained at 25-30 mmol/liter by individualized cholesterol feeding. In the undamaged aorta, the extent of atherosclerosis in the estrogen group was only one-third that in the placebo group. Simultaneous administration of -NAME, however, significantly reduced the antiatherogenic effect of estrogen (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the placebo group given -NAME and the group treated with placebo alone. At the previously endothelium-denuded site, estrogen had no effect on atherosclerosis development, whereas -NAME combined with estrogen significantly increased atherogenesis (P < 0.05). The effects of levormeloxifene were almost similar to those of estrogen. Active vascular concentrations of -NAME were demonstrated in an additional study, in which maximal aortic/coronary endothelium-dependent relaxation was significantly inhibited in rabbits given -NAME. Thus, in this study a considerable part of the plasma lipid-independent antiatherogenic effect of estrogen was mediated through its effect on endothelial NO in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The results for levormeloxifene suggest a common mechanism of action for estrogen and partial estrogen receptor agonists on atherogenesis.
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt or Sclerotherapy: Which Would You Choose?
Authors: John B. Marshall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt or Sclerotherapy: Which Would You Choose?John B. Marshall, MD and Paul D. King, MDJohn B. Marshall, MDUniversity of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia, MO 65212Search for more papers by this author and Paul D. King, MDUniversity of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia, MO 65212Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We read with interest the editorial by Dr. Conn [1] discussing two randomized, controlled trials that compared endoscopic sclerotherapy with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) for the treatment of patients who survived hemorrhage from esophageal varices. We take exception to two of Dr. Conn's opinions.First, Dr. Conn states that endoscopic sclerotherapy “… is widely held to be the standard therapy for bleeding varices.” This may have been true until several years ago, but most authorities would argue that endoscopic sclerotherapy has been largely supplanted by endoscopic ligation therapy, particularly now that reliable multiple band ligating devices ...References1. Conn HO. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts versus sclerotherapy: a discussion of discordant results [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:907-10. Google Scholar2. Laine L, Cook D. Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:280-7. Google Scholar3. Laine L, Stein C, Sharma V. Randomized comparison of ligation versus ligation plus sclerotherapy in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. Gastroenterology. 1996; 110:529-33. Google Scholar4. Lo GH, Lai KH, Cheng JS, Lin CK, Huang JS, Hsu PI, et al. Emergency banding ligation versus sclerotherapy for the control of active bleeding from esophageal varices. Hepatology. 1997; 25:1101-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John B. Marshall, MD; Paul D. King, MDAffiliations: University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia, MO 65212 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAdvanced interventional endoscopyINTERVENTIONAL ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY AND ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 321-322KeywordsClinical trialsDrug therapyHemorrhageLigation assayPatients ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Contraception and Diabetes
Authors: Judith M Steel, J Parboosingh, L J P Duncan
Journal: Diabetes Care (1979)

The topic of diabetes and contraception should be better investigated. 1 survey of 300 insulin-dependent women showed that the glucose tolerance disturbance caused by OCs (oral contraceptives) is rarely serious. OCs do seem to precipitate or exacerbate cardiovascular disease in a minority of patients. Diabetic women using OCs are advised to have regular medical examinations, to use OCs for as short a period of time as possible, and to examine alternative methods of contraception. IUDs are not a suitable alternative. A high rate of IUD failure, i.e., pregnancy with the device in situ, occurs in diabetic women. It is believed that a metabolic abnormality of the diabetic endometrium may be responsible for this. Counseling of diabetic women and their husbands in the whole area of reproduction and contraception is necessary.
Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand 1 (TRAIL1) enhances the transition of red blood cells from the larval to adult type during metamorphosis in Xenopus
Authors: Kei Tamura, Shuuji Mawaribuchi, Shin Yoshimoto, Tadayoshi Shiba, Nobuhiko Takamatsu, Michihiko Ito
Journal: Blood (2009)
Measles virus and Crohn's disease
Authors: M A AFZAL, P D MINOR, E ARMITAGE, S GHOSH
Journal: Gut (1999)

Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis forCrohn's disease EDITOR,-In his leading article (Gut 1998;43:303-8), Mr Phillips makes a plea for realistic comparisons between outcomes for pouch surgery in Crohn's disease with other restorative procedures for this disease, rather than comparisons with restorative proctocolectomy for other diseases, specifically ulcerative colitis.We agree that like comparisons are important in scientific analysis, but point out that such comparisons are confounded by the diYculties of accurate histological diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease.In particular we should like to highlight the diagnostic confusion and unreliability of a change in diagnosis from ulcerative colitis to Crohn's disease based on the histological examination of the defunctioned rectum in ulcerative colitis. 1 Nearly all of the inflammatory changes of Crohn's disease have been described in the defunctioned colorectum in ulcerative colitis. 2 Any change from a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis to Crohn's disease must be based on a reexamination of the colectomy specimen and placed in context with the clinical history.The misdiagnosis of diverted ulcerative colitis, as Crohn's disease, will only add further to the confusion surrounding the debate on the role of the pelvic ileal reservoir in Crohn's disease.