tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Free Antitoxin in California Formerly.
Authors: J. H. Davisson
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Los Angeles, Cal., Dec. 2, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your editorial of November 30 relating to "Free Antitoxin in Illinois" calls up a little ancient history, as California did the same thing twelve years ago. The result was the early introduction of diphtheria antitoxin and reduction of mortality in California. It is to be regretted that subsequent boards of health in California did not perpetuate the work already begun by getting additional appropriations for the same purpose, as this is the ideal method.
Chronic beryllium disease: diagnosis and management.
Authors: M D Rossman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Chronic beryllium disease is predominantly a pulmonary granulomatosis that was originally described in 1946. Symptoms usually include dyspnea and cough. Fever, anorexia, and weight loss are common. Skin lesions are the most common extrathoracic manifestation. Granulomatous hepatitis, hypercalcemia, and kidney stones can also occur. Radiographic and physiologic abnormalities are similar to those in sarcoidosis. While traditionally the pathologic changes included granulomas and cellular interstitial changes, the hallmark of the disease today is the well-formed granuloma. Immunologic studies have demonstrated a cell-mediated response to beryllium that is due to an accumulation of CD4+ T cells at the site of disease activity. Diagnosis depends on the demonstration of pathologic changes (i.e., granuloma) and evidence that the granuloma was caused by a hypersensitivity to beryllium (i.e., positive lung proliferative response to beryllium). Using these criteria, the diagnosis of chronic beryllium disease can now be made before the onset of clinical symptoms. Whether, with early diagnosis, the natural course of this condition will be the same as when it was traditionally diagnosed is not known. Currently, corticosteroids are used to treat patients with significant symptoms or evidence of progressive disease.
Toxic Amblyopia due to Pheniprazine
Authors: C. A. L. Palmer
Journal: BMJ (1963)

It is possible that in all these cases the meningitis was secondary to a septicaemia.No subsequent cases were encountered.We are grateful to Miss Elizabeth 0. King for much helpful discussion and for examining the strain.We also thank Professor C. C. de Silva, of the Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo,
Severe hyperglucagonaemia during treatment with oxymetholone.
Authors: G Williams, M Ghatei, J Burrin, S Bloom
Journal: BMJ (1986)

It is worth noting that the duration of stay necessary after revision operations is consistently longer than that after a primary joint replacement (hips 28 v 20 days; knees 40-v 31 days).The cost of revision arthroplasty in-our study was also higher than that of the primary operation in terms of both materials and time consumed.
Exclusion of elderly people from clinical research: a descriptive study of published reports
Authors: G Bugeja, A Kumar, A. K Banerjee
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Pulmonary arteries involvement is well described in Takayasu9s arteritis (TA), a condition which is mainly associated with involvement of the systemic arteries. We report a case of TA with documented isolated pulmonary arteries involvement. Symptoms were quite similar to those encountered in chronic thromboembolic disease. A pulmonary angiogram showed bilateral stenosis and occlusion of pulmonary arteries. Diagnosis of TA was suspected, and as such a complete aortogram was made but proved to be normal. Massive haemoptysis suddenly occurred, which resulted in death. Autopsy disclosed characteristic pathological lesions of TA in pulmonary arteries and confirmed the lack of involvement of the aorta and its branches. The frequency of such a clinical form could be underestimated, given the difficulties of diagnosis and features similar to those of chronic thromboembolic disease.
Abnormal regulation of aortic NOS2 and NOS3 activity and expression from portal vein-stenosed rats after lipopolysaccharide administration
Authors: Jörg Heller, Philippe Sogni, Khalid A. Tazi, Carine Chagneau, Odile Poirel, Richard Moreau, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictors in aortae from portal vein-stenosed rats is associated with an increased activity of endothelial NO synthase (NOS3). In contrast, during sepsis, which is common in cirrhosis, vascular hyporeactivity is associated with an induction of inducible NOS2. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro reactivity to phenylephrine and the regulation of NOS2 and NOS3 in aortae from portal vein-stenosed rats after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Aortic vascular reactivity for phenylephrine, aortic NOS activity, and NOS2 and NOS3 protein expression were determined 5 hours after intravenous LPS or saline administration. Moreover, aortic NOS activity was measured after 5-hour in vitro incubation in LPS. LPS induced a significantly smaller decrease in aortic tension in portal vein-stenosed than in sham-operated rats. Under baseline conditions, aortic NOS activity and NOS3 protein expression were higher in portal vein-stenosed than in sham-operated rats, and NOS2 protein expression was not detected in aortae from either group. After LPS administration, NOS activity and NOS2 protein expression increased significantly less in portal vein-stenosed than in sham-operated rat aortae. Similar results were obtained after in vitro incubation with LPS. Endothelium removal or NOS3 inhibition with the calmodulin inhibitor, W7, increased NOS activity in the aortae of portal vein-stenosed rats after LPS incubation. In conclusion, in aortae of portal vein-stenosed rats exposed to LPS, no further decrease in aortic reactivity to phenylephrine was observed, and the induction of NOS2 was down-regulated. Endothelium removal or calmodulin inhibition inhibits NOS3 overactivity and leads to normalized NOS2 activation after LPS in aortae from portal vein-stenosed rats.
Effect of sucralfate on aspirin induced mucosal injury and impaired haemostasis in humans.
Authors: N Hudson, F E Murray, A T Cole, B Filipowicz, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: Sucralfate does not have potent anti-ulcerogenic actions in users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, sucralfate may influence intragastric haemostasis favourably. AIM: To investigate separately the effects of sucralfate on acute gastric and duodenal injury and on changes in intragastric bleeding induced by aspirin. METHOD: On three occasions, 24 healthy volunteers received three days9 treatment with aspirin 900 mg twice daily together with placebo, sucralfate 2 g twice daily or sucralfate 1 g four times daily. Injury was assessed endoscopically and bleeding by spontaneous and biopsy induced bleeding intragastric washings. Ex vivo prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis and serum thromboxane were measured by using radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Aspirin significantly inhibited ex vivo gastric mucosal PGE2 synthesis, reduced serum thromboxane, caused gastric erosions, and increased spontaneous and biopsy induced bleeding. Sucralfate had no significant effects on endoscopic injury but sucralfate 1 g four times daily significantly reduced spontaneous and biopsy induced bleeding. Similar trends were seen with sucralfate 2 g twice daily but the results were less consistent. CONCLUSION: Sucralfate does not affect aspirin induced acute gastric mucosal injury but reduces aspirin associated intragastric bleeding.
Predictors of Overweight During Childhood in Offspring of Parents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Elke Rodekamp, Thomas Harder, Joachim W. Dudenhausen, Andreas Plagemann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

We read with interest the article by Hummel et al. (1) regarding predictors of childhood overweight risk in offspring of type 1 diabetic parents. Beyond the reevaluation of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) status as a long-term risk factor for later overweight, it is important and became clear that in this study breast-feeding significantly decreased childhood overweight risk. Thus, the study provides new data supporting the promotion of breast-feeding, which is undoubtedly worth targeting. Moreover, the authors also confirmed that, of course, maternal type 1 diabetes is not a risk factor as such, but that tight metabolic control during pregnancy may optimize the short- …
Structural basis of regional dysfunction in acutely ischemic myocardium
Authors: R Mazhari
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objective: Impaired systolic function in the normally perfused myocardium adjacent to an ischemic region — the functional border zone — is thought to result from mechanical interactions across the perfusion boundary. We investigated how segment orientation and vessel involved affect regional strains in the functional border zone and whether altered stresses associated with a step transition in contractility can explain the functional border zone. Methods and results: Regional epicardial strain distributions were obtained from measured displacements of radiopaque markers in open-chest anesthetized canines, and related to local myofiber angles and blood flows. The functional border zone for fiber strain was significantly narrower than that for cross-fiber strain and significantly wider for left anterior descending (LAD) than left circumflex (LCx) coronary occlusion (1.23 vs. 0.45 cm). A detailed three-dimensional computational model with a one-to-one relation between perfusion and myofilament activation and no transitional zone of intermediate contractility showed close agreement with these observations and significantly elevated stresses in the border zone. Differences between LAD and LCx occlusions in the model were due to differences in left ventricular systolic pressure and not to differences in perfusion boundary or muscle fiber orientation. The border zone was narrower for fiber strain than cross-fiber strain because systolic stiffness is greatest along the muscle fiber direction. Conclusion: Abnormal regional mechanics in the acute ischemic border arise from increased wall stresses without a transitional zone of intermediate contractility. Perfusion is more tightly coupled to fiber than cross-fiber strain, and a wider functional border zone of fiber strain during LAD than LCx occlusion is primarily due to higher regional wall stresses rather than anatomic variations.
The Upper Limb-Cardiovascular Syndrome
Authors: Kenneth B. Lewis, Robert A. Bruce, David Baum, Arno G. Motulsky
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The inherited association of congenital cardiovascular anomalies and malformations of the upper extremities is documented in a family with 18 affected members in three generations. The most common cardiac lesion was an atrial septal defect but more extensive and severe cardiovascular lesions were observed causing death in infancy in four patients. The most frequent skeletal defect was absence or hypoplasia of the thumbs. However, a variety of other lesions affecting the upper extremity including phocomelia (seal limbs) were noted. The term "upper limb-cardiovascular syndrome" is suggested to describe this condition. This syndrome is the result of an autosomal dominant mutation with variable expressivity acting at about the fifth week of embryogenesis when the heart and upper limbs are differentiating.
Down's syndrome with myelodysplastic syndrome showing t(7;11)(p13;p14)
Authors: Hiroaki Ohnishi, Tomohiko Taki, Ken Tabuchi, Miyuki Kobayashi, Fumio Bessho, Yasuhide Hayashi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

We report a boy with Down's syndrome (DS) who developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after spontaneous remission of transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) at birth. Chromosomal analysis of the blasts in the MDS phase demonstrated t(7;11)(p13;p14) which had not been detected in the TMD phase. NUP98-HOXA9 chimera mRNA, which is known to be involved in t(7;11)(p15;p15) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), was not detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and NUP98 rearrangement was not detected by Southern blot analysis of the blasts in the MDS phase. Reciprocal translocation is very rare in AML/MDS in DS, and the t(7;11)(p13;p14) found in our patient was different from the recurrent translocation t(7;11)(p15;p15) previously reported.
Gay Men's Chorus
Authors: Paula Tatarunis
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vasodilator Effects of a Substance Present in Normal Human Urine in Comparison with the Effect of Methacholine and Sodium Nitrite
Authors: HAROLD D. GREEN, J. MAXWELL LITTLE, CLIFFORD G. GADDY, LEWIS T. FRANKLIN, HOWARD H. WAYNE
Journal: Circulation (1952)

This paper presents a method for bioassay of vasotropic substances. Data on the accuracy of the method are presented in terms of the response to repeated injections of methacholine. Some of the factors affecting the response to methacholine are analyzed. The peripheral vasodilator effect of a nondialyzable substance present in human urine is demonstrated and the effectiveness of this substance is related to that of methacholine.
Hypergastrinemia in Familial Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis
Authors: NED SNYDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Fasting serum gastrin levels of 46 members of 5 families with familial multiple endocrine adenomatosis were measured; 14 patients had hypergastrinemia (a serum gastrin level greater than 200 pg/ml), including all 6 patients with intractable peptic ulcer disease. Eight patients had asymptomatic hypergastrinemia, and 12 of the patients with hypergastrinemia had a history or findings of hyperparathyroidism. Fasting gastrin levels were not significantly correlated with calcium levels. Normal gastrin levels were found in six patients with hyperparathyroidism. Hypergastrinemia was found in six patients with normal or low serum calcium values who were studied after parathyroid surgery. Basal gastric acid hypersecretion and a marked rise in serum gastrin levels on intravenous calcium infusion were associated with fasting hypergastrinemia but were not found with hyperparathyroidism alone in the few patients tested.
Alterations in the structure, physicochemical properties, and pH of hepatocyte lysosomes in experimental iron overload.
Authors: B M Myers, F G Prendergast, R Holman, S M Kuntz, N F LaRusso
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

While hemochromatosis is characterized by sequestration of iron-protein complexes in hepatocyte lysosomes, little is known about the effects of excess iron on these organelles. Therefore, we studied the effects of experimental iron overload on hepatocyte lysosomal structure, physicochemical properties, and function in rats fed carbonyl iron. A sixfold increase (P less than 0.0001) in hepatic iron and a fivefold increase in lysosomal iron (P less than 0.01) was observed after iron loading; as a result, hepatocyte lysosomes became enlarged and misshapen. These lysosomes displayed increased (P less than 0.0001) fragility; moreover, the fluidity of lysosomal membranes isolated from livers of iron-loaded rats was decreased (P less than 0.0003) as measured by fluorescence polarization. Malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased by 73% (P less than 0.008) in lysosomal membranes isolated from livers of iron-overloaded rats. While amounts of several individual fatty acids in isolated lysosomal membranes were altered after iron overload, cholesterol/phospholipid ratios, lipid/protein ratios, double-bond index, and total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids remained unchanged. The pH of lysosomes in hepatocytes isolated from livers of iron-loaded rats and measured by digitized video microscopy was increased (control, 4.70 +/- 0.05; iron overload, 5.21 +/- 0.10; P less than 0.01). Our results demonstrate that experimental iron overload causes marked alterations in hepatocyte lysosomal morphology, an increase in lysosomal membrane fragility, a decrease in lysosomal membrane fluidity, and an increase in intralysosomal pH. Iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation is likely the mechanism of these structural, physicochemical, and functional disturbances.
Measurement of Plasma LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Malcolm J Whiting, Mark D S Shephard, George A Tallis
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy of plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations estimated by the Friedewald formula and a direct immunoseparation method by comparison with a reference ultracentrifugation procedure in patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fasting plasma samples with triglyceride concentrations &amp;lt; 4.5 mmol/l were collected from 100 patients with diabetes (28 type I and 72 type II) and LDL cholesterol concentrations were compared by the three methods. RESULTS LDL cholesterol values determined by the reference β-quantitation procedure were highly correlated with both the Friedewald formula (r = 0.96) and a direct immunoseparation method (r = 0.92). Calculated (Friedewald) LDL cholesterol coincided with the reference method with &amp;lt; 10% error in 74% of the total diabetic group (82% of type I and 68% of type II diabetic patients). However, agreement between the direct LDL cholesterol and reference methods was significantly less (P = 0.02), with only 44% of patients having an error of &amp;lt; 10% (52% of type I and 41% of type II diabetic patients). The direct immunoseparation method for LDL cholesterol showed a positive bias with increasing triglyceride concentrations, particularly for patients with type II diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In the group of diabetic patients studied with plasma triglyceride concentrations &amp;lt; 4.5 mmol/l, the Friedewald formula provided an accurate estimation of LDL cholesterol. The direct immunoseparation method significantly overestimated LDL cholesterol at triglyceride levels between 2 and 4.5 mmol/l.
Management of Chronic Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Kenneth D. Rothstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 March 2002Management of Chronic Viral HepatitisKenneth D. Rothstein, MDKenneth D. Rothstein, MDDivision of Hepatology, Center for Liver Disease, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Rothstein)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Gordon SC, ed. 380 pages. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001. $150.00. ISBN 0824705823. Order phone 800-228-1160.Field of medicine: Hepatology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Primary care physicians, generalists, gastroenterology fellows, medical residents, and medical students.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive review of the current diagnostic and treatment options for chronic hepatitis B, C, and D.Content: This book is essentially divided into three sections, each of which discusses recent advances in the management of chronic hepatitis. The first two chapters describe the virologic testing involved in the diagnosis of both acute and chronic hepatitis B and C. Four chapters examine ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Hepatology, Center for Liver Disease, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Rothstein) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 March 2002Volume 136, Issue 5Page: 420KeywordsChronic hepatitisChronic hepatitis BForecastingGastroenterology and hepatologyHIV diagnosis and managementLiver diseasesMedical staffPrimary care physiciansResearch laboratoriesSoftware tools ePublished: 5 March 2002 Issue Published: 5 March 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Natural Course of Intraocular Pressure after Cataract Surgery with Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate 4%–Sodium Hyaluronate 3% (Viscoat)
Authors: Georg Rainer, Rupert Menapace, Katharina Emanuela Schmid, Stefan Sacu, Barbara Kiss, Georg Heinze, Oliver Findl
Journal: Ophthalmology (2005)
Hydroxyprolinemia Associated with Mental Deficiency
Authors: Mary L. Efron, Emily M. Bixby, Luz G. Palattao, Charles V. Pryles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE recent description in this journal of a family with a high plasma proline concentration associated with cerebral dysfunction and renal disease1 raised unanswered questions of the relation between the metabolic defect and the clinical disturbances. The purpose of this preliminary communication is to call attention to another previously undescribed amino acid abnormality, hydroxyprolinemia, which is also associated with cerebral and renal disorders.The aminoaciduria was detected by paper chromatography during a survey of the population of the Wrentham State School, a large state institution for mental defectives.The patient was an eleven-year-old prepubertal girl with no history of convulsions, . . .
Angiotensin II, plasma renin and sodium depletion as determinants of blood pressure response to saralasin in essential hypertension.
Authors: C Thananopavarn, M S Golub, P Eggena, J D Barrett, M P Sambhi
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To evaluate the role of the renin-angiotensin system and sodium depletion in the hypotensive response to 1-sarcosine-8-alanine-angiotensin II (saralasin), 15 male patients with essential hypertension were studied on a diet containing 120 mEq of sodium and 100 mEq of potassium per day. After a 5-day control period, all subjects had a mild pressor response to the saralasin infusion (p less than 0.01). After 5 days of the diuretic metolazone (5 mg/day), eight of the 15 patients had a vasodepressor response; these responders had a significantly greater increase in plasma renin activity and angiotensin II concentrations than did the non-responders. Sodium deficit differed markedly (p less than 0.001) between the two groups (361 +/- 121 mEq (SD) vs 52 +/- 26 mEq sodium, respectively). The addition of spironolactone (400 mg/day) for 5 days resulted in saralasin responsiveness in all but two patients, both of whom had small sodium deficits. Thus, variability in the natriuretic response to diuretics may affect saralasin testing and limit its clinical utility.
Breaking tolerance to self, circulating natural killer cells expressing inhibitory KIR for non-self HLA exhibit effector function after T cell–depleted allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Junli Yu, Jeffrey M. Venstrom, Xiao-Rong Liu, James Pring, Reenat S. Hasan, Richard J. O'Reilly, Katharine C. Hsu
Journal: Blood (2009)