tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cardiovascular cells: rapid induction after injecting mice with kainate or adrenergic agents
Authors: B Venugopal
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objectives: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a major anti-fibrinolytic glycoprotein thought to promote vascular diseases. Recently we have shown that systemically injecting mice with kainate, an analog of the principal brain excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, immediately induced PAI-1 mRNA in brain vascular cells which are not known to contain glutamate receptors. Here we further investigated whether: (a) kainate also increases PAI-1 gene expression in the cardiac vascular bed; (b) subunits of kainate/AMPA receptors could be expressed in cardiac and brain vascular cells; and (c) PAI-1 mRNA could be similarly induced by agonists of adrenergic receptors that are candidates to act downstream in kainate-activated pathways. Methods: We analyzed cardiac and brain cryosections for PAI-1 mRNA, as well as mRNAs encoding three receptor subunits, by in situ hybridization using 35S-labeled specific riboprobes. PAI-1 activity was tested in cardiac homogenates using one-phase reverse zymography. Results: Prominent PAI-1 mRNA hybridization signals were induced in the vascular cells of the heart, and unexpectedly, also in cardiocytes, within 1–2 h after injection of kainate (i.p., 11–25 mg/kg body weight); the signals persisted for at least 8 h and disappeared after 24 h. In addition, PAI-1 activity increased (∼5 fold) 2–10 h after the treatment. In contrast, mRNAs encoding the kainate/AMPA receptor subunits could not be detected. The adrenergic agents adrenaline (3.5 mg/kg) and isoproterenol (200 mg/kg) exerted kainate-like effects in cardiovascular cells. Conclusions: These results revealed, for the first time, that PAI-1 gene expression can be enhanced locally in the cardiovascular system by a fast-acting neurological mechanism triggered by glutamate receptors, whose pathway and relation to catecholamines, which exerted similar effects, have yet to be resolved. These findings raised the possibility that excessive glutamate, or stress-related catecholamines, may increase the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction.
Third of US patients discharged to nursing homes are harmed during their stay, report says
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A third of Medicare patients who are discharged to a skilled nursing facility for post-acute care are harmed during their stay at the nursing home, says a new report.1

In the study by the Office of Inspector General at the US Department of Health and Human Services, investigators reviewed the records of 653 randomly selected Medicare beneficiaries whose stay at a skilled nursing facility had lasted a maximum of 35 days and …
PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE NASOPHARYNX. A TABLE OF CASES.
Authors: CHEVALIER JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Primary carcinoma of the nasal fossæ is rare, yet most rhinologists of considerable experience have seen cases. Primary carcinoma of the nasopharynx is so rare, judging from the fewness of reports, that but few rhinologists have had even one case. A careful search of the various indexes of the medical journals published in French, German, English, and Italian during the last twenty years has failed to unearth more than 14 cases. It is probable, however, that some reports have not been found; others have doubtless escaped because buried under misleading titles. Cases primary in the nasopharynx, later invading the oropharynx, velum, tonsil, nasal fossæ, antrum and brain, probably have been reported, if at all, as of these regions. Politzer<sup>17</sup>mentions 5 cases where the Eustachian tube was involved by cancerous extension from the tongue and the superior maxilla, but none of these seem to have been primary in the
SCN9A Mutations in Paroxysmal Extreme Pain Disorder: Allelic Variants Underlie Distinct Channel Defects and Phenotypes
Authors: Caroline R. Fertleman, Mark D. Baker, Keith A. Parker, Sarah Moffatt, Frances V. Elmslie, Bjarke Abrahamsen, Johan Ostman, Norbert Klugbauer, John N. Wood, R. Mark Gardiner, Michele Rees
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Echocardiographic Recognition of Mitral-Semilunar Valve Discontinuity
Authors: ELLIOT CHESLER, HYMIE S. JOFFE, WALTER BECK, VELVA SCHRIRE
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The angiographic recognition of mitral-semilunar valve discontinuity is a strong indication of origin of both great vessels from the right ventricle. This study shows that the same finding may be elicited by echocardiography, whether the great vessels are normally related or transposed. When mitral-semilunar valve continuity is present, the mitral valve echo at the onset of systole is continuous with and at the same depth as echoes from the posterior margin of the aorta (the great vessels being normally related) or from the pulmonary artery (the great vessels being transposed). In five cases where both great vessels originated from the right ventricle, echocardiography demonstrated mitral-semilunar valve discontinuity, with the posterior border of the adjacent great vessel lying anterior to the mitral valve echo. The degree of separation measured on the angiogram and by ultrasound was virtually identical. This atraumatic technique is a valuable adjunct to the evaluation of patients with complex congenital malformations, particularly when mitral-semilunar valve relationships are difficult to assess angiographically.
Clinical and Echocardiographic Characteristics of Patients With Left Atrial Thrombus and Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Yoram Agmon, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Federico Gentile, James B. Seward
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Left atrial (LA) thrombus is infrequently detected in the presence of sinus rhythm (SR) and, in these cases, is usually associated with additional cardiac pathologies. We sought to determine the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with LA thrombus and SR to define a high-risk group of patients prone to this uncommon clinical presentation.The institution's echocardiographic laboratory database was searched to identify patients with LA thrombus, diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), who were in SR during the TEE examination. Of 20 643 consecutive TEE examinations performed during an 11-year period, LA thrombus was detected in 314 patients in 380 TEE examinations. Of these, SR was present in 20 patients (age 69+/-13 years; 40% men) in 23 examinations (0.1% of all TEE examinations; 6.1% of TEE examinations with LA thrombus). High-risk structural heart disease (severe left ventricular dysfunction or significant left-sided valve disease [predominantly mitral valve disease]), previous documented episodes of atrial fibrillation, or both (structural heart disease and previous atrial fibrillation) were present in 10, 4, and 5 of the 20 patients, respectively. Only 1 patient with LA thrombus and SR did not have high-risk features.LA thrombus is very infrequently detected in the presence of SR. Patients with LA thrombus and SR constitute a high-risk group characterized by specific structural cardiac abnormalities or previous atrial fibrillation, abnormalities that are potentially detectable before TEE.
Sign language and the brain: Apes, apraxia, and aphasia
Authors: David Corina
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract The study of signed languages has inspired scientific' speculation regarding foundations of human language. Relationships between the acquisition of sign language in apes and man are discounted on logical grounds. Evidence from the differential hreakdown of sign language and manual pantomime places limits on the degree of overlap between language and nonlanguage motor systems. Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals neural areas of convergence and divergence underlying signed and spoken languages.
Risk of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome After Antibiotic Treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Enteritis
Authors: Nasia Safdar, Adnan Said, Ronald E. Gangnon, Dennis G. Maki
Journal: JAMA (2002)

The use of antibiotics for treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection has become controversial since a recent small study found that it may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). However, other larger studies have reported a protective effect or no association.To determine whether antibiotic therapy for E coli O157:H7 enteritis increases the risk of HUS.PubMed and MEDLINE computer searches were performed for studies published from January 1983 to February 2001 using the key words hemolytic uremic syndrome, risk factor, antibiotics, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Reference lists of relevant publications were reviewed, and 12 experts in the field were contacted to identify additional reports. No language restrictions were applied to the search.Studies were included if they reported a series of patients with documented E coli O157:H7 enteritis, some of whom developed HUS; had clear definitions of HUS; and had adequate data delineating the relationship between antibiotic therapy and the occurrence of HUS. Nine of the 26 identified studies fulfilled these criteria.Two authors (N.S. and A.S.) independently reviewed each report identified by the searches and recorded predetermined information relevant to the inclusion criteria. A pooled odds ratio was calculated using a fixed-effects model, with assessment of heterogeneity among the studies.The pooled odds ratio was 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 0.79-1.68), indicating that there does not appear to be an increased risk of HUS with antibiotic treatment of E coli O157:H7 enteritis. Incomplete reporting of data in individual studies precluded adjustment for severity of illness.Our meta-analysis did not show a higher risk of HUS associated with antibiotic administration. A randomized trial of adequate power, with multiple distinct strains of E coli O157:H7 represented, is needed to conclusively determine whether antibiotic treatment of E coli O157:H7 enteritis increases the risk of HUS.
Fluorescent microparticles for sensing cell microenvironment oxygen levels within 3D scaffolds
Authors: Miguel A. Acosta, Patrick Ymele-Leki, Yordan V. Kostov, Jennie B. Leach
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)

We present the development and characterization of fluorescent oxygen-sensing microparticles designed for measuring oxygen concentration in microenvironments existing within standard cell culture and transparent three-dimensional (3D) cell scaffolds. The microparticle synthesis employs poly(dimethylsiloxane) to encapsulate silica gel particles bound with an oxygen-sensitive luminophore as well as a reference or normalization fluorophore that is insensitive to oxygen. We developed a rapid, automated and non-invasive sensor analysis method based on fluorescence microscopy to measure oxygen concentration in a hydrogel scaffold. We demonstrate that the microparticles are non-cytotoxic and that their response is comparable to that of a traditional dissolved oxygen meter. Microparticle size (5–40 μm) was selected for microscale-mapping of oxygen concentration to allow measurements local to individual cells. Two methods of calibration were evaluated and revealed that the sensor system enables characterization of a range of hypoxic to hyperoxic conditions relevant to cell and tissue biology (i.e., p O 2 10–160 mm Hg). The calibration analysis also revealed that the microparticles have a high fraction of quenched luminophore (0.90 ± 0.02), indicating that the reported approach provides significant advantages for sensor performance. This study thus reports a versatile oxygen-sensing technology that enables future correlations of local oxygen concentration with individual cell response in cultured engineered tissues.
Diabetes Insipidus in Pregnancy Associated with Abnormally High Circulating Vasopressinase Activity
Authors: Jacques A. Durr, Jeffrey G. Hoggard, Judson M. Hunt, Robert W. Schrier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

SEVERAL authors have described syndromes of diabetes insipidus that begin during gestation and remit after delivery.1 Barron et al.2 recently described three pregnant women with diabetes insipidus resistant to arginine vasopressin (AVP). Since excessive plasma levels of vasopressinase activity were not excluded as a cause of the disorder, the authors labeled the disease as vasopressin-resistant, but not nephrogenic, diabetes insipidus. They suggested, as had others,3 that some instances of pregnancy-associated diabetes insipidus may be due to an enhanced activity of vasopressinase. This report describes the occurrence in a woman in the third trimester of pregnancy of diabetes insipidus characterized by . . .
L'ENTENTE HYGIENIQUE
Authors: A. Smola, E. Brezina, I. H. Apers, G. F. Timbal, Y. Masek, M. Christiansen, B. Poulsen, G. G. W. Borg, E. F. Emeric, A. Cavaillon, P. J. de Boissezon, F. Wolf, R. Ronca, M. Collina, G. Kashida, A. Diesen, K. Karaffa-Korbutt, B. Nowakowski, S. Stypulkowski, P. Stoenescu, A. N. Syssine, I. G. Gelman, L. Ginzton, N. Nicolajevitch, M. Nordman, A. M. Stimson, G. A. Kempf
Journal: BMJ (1923)
Somatotype in high performance female netball players may influence player position and the incidence of lower limb and back injuries
Authors: Diana M Hopper
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1997)

To investigate the relation between somatotype, performance characteristics, and the incidence of injury during the Australian Netball Championships.Two hundred and forty high performance netball players competed at the Australian Netball Championships in which 213 (89%) were measured using the Heath-Carter somatotype scale. During these championships, in conjunction with the injury assessments, data analysis included a three factor analysis of variance (level of competition, playing position, and injury) for the dependent somatotype variables (endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectopmorphy), and the level of significance was set at 0.05.For the three dependent somatotype variables, there were no main effects between endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy), and the level of significance was set at 0.05.For the three dependent somatotype variables, there were no main effects between endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy and the incidence of injury. However, for the mesomorphy and ectomorphy variables, significant main effects for the playing position were found. No main effects existed between the somatotype variables and levels of competition.The somatotype variables did not influence the incidence of injury, but mesomorphy and ectomorphy did influence the different playing positions.
Intrauterine Amputation With the Missing Member Found in the Fetal Membranes
Authors: Richard Torpin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

CONGENITAL malformations, which are not of genetic origin, are now commonly associated with insult and injury to the embryo, usually during the first trimester of pregnancy. However, there are persistent reports throughout the literature which relate certain gross deformities of the fetus to defects in the membranes. Most of these reports are incomplete and represent chance findings. The authors over a period of years have systematically studied some 10,000 fetal membranes. The following case is of interest in that it permits a correlation between the clinical course of a pregnancy and the condition of the membranes and fetus. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The mother was multipara 4, 30 years of age, whose previous pregnancies were normal. She came under observation in the third month of pregnancy with a report of spotting during the second month. The history was negative for measles, trauma, and infectious disease. In the sixth month amniotic
Fibronectin and Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: Torkel Wadström, Kristofer Rubin, Asa Ljungh, Magnus Höök, Lech M. Switalski
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Weissberg and Dodson<sup>1</sup>summarize interesting clinical observations on the possible relationship between recurrent vaginal and cervical ulcers and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in a recent article in<i>JAMA</i>. The authors summarize previous reports back to 1977, ie, the year before the first clinical report on staphylococcal TSS.<sup>2</sup>In 1978, Kuusela reported that<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>strains show binding of a specific serum and connective tissue protein— fibronectin (cold insoluble globulin)— to their surface. We now report on the possible role of fibronectin exposed in vaginal ulcers in association with tampon use, permitting<i>S aureus</i>to colonize these ulcers. The initial step of many mucosal infections involves binding of pathogens to specific mucosal cell surface receptors. Uropathogenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>colonize the upper urinary tract by specific hairlike proteins (pili or fimbriae) that recognize specific glycosphingolipid cell surface receptors while<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>were reported to recognize other glycolipid
Out of hours work in general practice.
Authors: S Iliffe, U Haug
Journal: BMJ (1991)

SIR,-Drs Steve Iliffe and Ursula Haug suggest that general practitioners should be aware of their tendency to omnipotent thinking and behaviour.' I have analysed the need for consultations that I have carried out at different times. Of 388 out of hours calls that I made in the past three years (1 July 1988 to 30 June 1991), I considered 194 to be essential and 194 of questionable importance or unnecessary. Of 241 home visits that I made during the day during the past quarter (1 April to 30 June 1991), I considered 216 to be essential and 25 questionable or unnecessary. Of 390 consultations at my surgery during June this year, 363 were essential and only 27 questionable or unnecessary. This shows that out of hours calls are often a source of particular irritation to me and probably detract from my performance the next day. I am not sufficiently omnipotent to perform such visits with equanimity. Nevertheless, I believe that patients should have access to a general practitioner from their area out of hours. The present restriction on paying higher rate night visit fees only to doctors working in rotas of 10 or fewer principals is arbitary, and I can see no reason why it could not be extended to rotas of 30-40 principals. One general practitioner would normally be able to cover the 50000 to 100000 patients concerned during a night, but this task would occur sufficiently seldom for it not to impose excessively on within hours work.
Abstract 2473: Effects propolis on inflammation-related rat colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH and DSS
Authors: Yumi Obo, Yui Sokuza, Min Wei, Anna Kakehashi, Keiko Tei, Hideki Wanibuchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Propolis has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor effects. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of propolis on inflammation-related rat colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Six week-old F344 males rats were divided into 3 groups of 20 rats each. All rats were given subcutaneous injections of DMH at dose of 40 mg/kg/b.w. twice in the first week, and followed by 1% DSS in drinking water for 1 week. After 1 week of DSS treatment, groups of rats were fed diet containing 1% ethanol-extracted propolis (EEP), 1% water-extracted propolis (WEP) or basal diet for 29 weeks. The average numbers of Tubular adenocarcinoma were 2.2 ± 3.5, 0.4 ± 0.6 and 1.2 ± 1.7/rat in basal diet group, EEP and WEP groups, respectively. There were significant difference in the number of Tubular adenocarcinoma between basal diet group and EEP or WEP groups. The present research indicated that EEP exerts suppression effect on inflammation-related rat colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH and DSS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2473.
Ectopic expression of B-lymphoid kinase in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Thorbjørn Krejsgaard, Claudia S. Vetter-Kauczok, Anders Woetmann, Hermann Kneitz, Karsten W. Eriksen, Paola Lovato, Qian Zhang, Mariusz A. Wasik, Carsten Geisler, Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Juergen C. Becker, Niels Ødum
Journal: Blood (2009)
Surgical Treatment of Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
Authors: B. FRIEDLI, R. GUÉRIN, A. DAVIGNON, J. C. FOURON, P. STANLEY
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Fourteen children who had been operated on for partial anomalous pulmonary venous return from the right lung to the vena cava or right atrium have been submitted to a follow-up study 1 to 9 years after surgery. This included clinical, hemodynamic, and angiographic data. All patients were doing well and had normal exercise tolerance at the time of follow-up examination. Electrocardiograms and chest roentgenograms had returned to normal in 10 and were improved in three. Hemodynamic and angiographic data demonstrated perfect correction in eight. Of the remaining six, three had an obstructed superior vena cava (SVC) with collateral pathways to a persistent left superior vena cava in two and to the inferior vena cava in one. Three had significant pressure gradients between the SVC and the right atrium, two with a small right-to-left shunt from the SVC to the left atrium, and one with an additional small left-to-right shunt. None had obstruction to the pulmonary venous return. These complications occurred exclusively in cases in which at least one anomalous vein drained high into the superior vena cava. Enlargement of the SVC with a patch of pericardium gave good results in three patients with this type of anomalous drainage but did not prevent obstruction or severe narrowing of the SVC in two other cases. It is concluded that the present corrective technics are not adequate for cases in which an anomalous vein drains high in the SVC, especially in the presence of a left superior vena cava.
The role of bile salts in diarrhoea of patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: T. A. Miettinen
Journal: Gut (1971)

Faecal bile salt elimination, which was determined in patients with ulcerative colitis, was mostly within normal limits, suggesting that in this disease water and electrolyte diarrhoea was hardly contributed to by excessive amounts of bile salts in the large bowel. In a therapeutic trial cholestyramine had no beneficial effect on the general condition, diarrhoea, or faecal composition, findings which further strengthen the view that bile salts play no role in the diarrhoea of ulcerative colitis, provided that the disease is limited to the large bowel. Faecal elimination of cholesterol as bile salts and neutral steroids tended initially to be higher than normal, but increased less than in controls during treatment with cholestyramine, particularly in the heavier patients. Serum cholesterol was low in the patients with ulcerative colitis and decreased by cholestyramine less (27%) than in controls (39%).