tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bolus Obstruction of Gut After Use of Hydrophilic Colloid Laxatives
Authors: W. A. Souter
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Arising from this case we would suggest two practical considerations: (1) where polycythaemia is associated with hypertension renal artery stenosis should be considered as well as other renal causes of polycythaemia, and (2) polycythaemia should be looked for in all cases of renovascular hypertension. SummaryA case of renal artery stenosis, hypertension, and polycythaemia in a 54-year-old man is presented.Blood values returned to normal and blood-pressure to near normal after nephrectomy.The mechanism of production of " renal " polycythaemia is discussed in the light of this case report.
The Autopsy—Medical Practice and Public Policy
Authors: Irving Root
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This timely, concise study of the autopsy in medical practice and as affected by public policy has appeared at an appropriate moment. The text traces the history of the need, rise, plateau, and decline of the autopsy in our medical practice. The authors have clearly shown the great benefits that have accrued to the practice of medicine with the rise of the autopsy: the clinical-pathological correlation and the education that so many of us in our medical school careers in the 1950s and 1960s remember with fondness from this excellent teaching mechanism. They have demonstrated that the need remains, that despite many of our modern diagnostic techniques, errors in diagnosis continue to be made, and, without the final clinical-pathological correlation, these simply are never recognized. Many studies have shown that the discrepancy between clinically diagnosed and pathologically determined cause of death continues to run significantly high. Although the need for
Managing Behavior Problems in Nursing Homes
Authors: Ronald G. Thurston
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We will lose an opportunity to improve care if we continue to imply, as the editorial by Jencks and Clauser<sup>1</sup>does, that inappropriate neuroleptic use is solely a nursing home problem. As the data clearly state, 17% of the individuals in the study were receiving neuroleptic drugs at admission to the nursing homes. Of those entering from the hospital, 16% were receiving neuroleptics; from the community, 18%; and from another nursing home, 21%. Since 49% of those prescriptions failed the Health Care Financing Administration screen, clearly the use of inappropriate (or ineligible) neuroleptic drugs is a systems problem. Any effort to ensure appropriate neuroleptic use and thus better patient care must clearly be a systems approach.
REPORT OF THE AMERICAN COMMITTEE ON OPTICS AND VISUAL PHYSIOLOGY
Authors: Edward Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The work of this committee is seriously hindered by the difficulty of getting its members together for adequate discussion of the subjects brought to its attention. A meeting has been held in connection with the annual meeting of each of the national organizations that have joined in forming the committee. But these meetings, held in different parts of the country, cannot be attended by all the members and can secure only inadequate time for their discussions. At the meeting held in connection with the meeting of the American Ophthalmological Society in Washington, May 9, 1933, certain suggestions with reference to lenses were discussed and were placed before the American Ophthalmological Society in the following report: 1. A great number of claims made by the manufacturers advertising various patented and copyrighted lenses, accepted by reputable lay and scientific journals, are absurd. For the protection of the patient, therefore, it is the
Elafin Is a Biomarker of Graft-Versus-Host Disease of the Skin
Authors: Sophie Paczesny, Thomas M. Braun, John E. Levine, Jason Hogan, Jeffrey Crawford, Bryan Coffing, Stephen Olsen, Sung W. Choi, Hong Wang, Vitor Faca, Sharon Pitteri, Qing Zhang, Alice Chin, Carrie Kitko, Shin Mineishi, Gregory Yanik, Edward Peres, David Hanauer, Ying Wang, Pavan Reddy, Samir Hanash, James L. M. Ferrara
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2010)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, affects the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. There are no plasma biomarkers specific for any acute GVHD target organ. We used a large-scale quantitative proteomic discovery procedure to identify biomarker candidates of skin GVHD and validated the lead candidate, elafin, with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in samples from 492 patients. Elafin was overexpressed in GVHD skin biopsies. Plasma concentrations of elafin were significantly higher at the onset of skin GVHD, correlated with the eventual maximum grade of GVHD, and were associated with a greater risk of death relative to other known risk factors (hazard ratio, 1.78). We conclude that elafin has significant diagnostic and prognostic value as a biomarker of skin GVHD.
Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions
Authors: Sang Choel Lee, Seung Hyeok Han, Jin Ji Li, Sun Ha Lee, Dong-Sub Jung, Seung-Jae Kwak, Seung Hye Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Tae-Hyun Yoo, Jin Hyun Kim, Se-Ho Chang, Dae Suk Han, Shin-Wook Kang
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Origins, Evolution, and Confusion
Authors: James A. Campbell
Journal: JAMA (1964)

THIS COMMUNICATION is primarily an annotated chronology recapitulating certain obvious events and dates in medical education, and perhaps recalling and relating in time some of the less familiar occurrences. It is an attempt to share again two aphorisms of discovery: (1) the more things change the more they remain the same, and (2) those who will not learn from history shall surely repeat it.  Origins  The years from 1500 to 1700 may be summarily capsuled as European Medicine and Apprentice Training. Some terms applied to trainees working or being instructed in the hospitals of those times include:  pupil, dressers, apothecaries, clerk of the house, physician's and surgeon's clerks, walker (junior and senior), house physicians, house surgeons, house officers, house pupils, residents, and interns, the last a term from France. A 17th-century prototype of modern house-officer training, according to Dr. Jean Curran's scholarly review in theJournal of Medical Education
Abstract 2538: HIF1α regulated expression of XPA contributes to cisplatin resistance in lung cancer
Authors: Yanbin Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Factors regulating nucleotide excision repair (NER) likely contribute to the heterogenous response of advanced stage lung cancer patients to drugs such as cisplatin. Studies to identify the genes in the NER pathway most closely associated with resistance to cisplatin have not been conclusive. We hypothesized that Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) because of its dual role in sensing and recruiting other DNA repair proteins to the damage template would be critical in defining sensitivity to cisplatin. Studies were conducted to identify factors regulating transcription of XPA, to assess its role in modulating sensitivity to cisplatin, and its expression in primary lung tumors. HIF1α was found to bind with strong affinity to a hypoxia response element sequence in the promoter of XPA. Modulating expression of HIF1α by siRNA or cobalt chloride markedly reduced or increased transcription of XPA in lung cancer cell lines, respectively. Protein levels of XPA were strongly correlated with sensitivity to cisplatin (r = 0.868; p &amp;lt; 0.001) in cell lines and sensitivity could be increased by siRNA depletion of XPA. Expression of XPA determined in 54 primary lung tumors was increased on average 5.2-fold when compared to normal bronchial epithelial cells and correlated with levels of HIF1α (r = 0.58; p &amp;lt; 0.01). Together, these studies identify XPA as a novel target for regulation by HIF1α whose modulation could impact lung cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2538. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2538
Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation in Norway
Authors: Bjorn Lind
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Analysis of accounts in newspapers revealed that, in Norway, victims of asphyxiation treated by mouth-to-mouth inflation were mostly children and young people. The mortality rate was the same whether submersion had occurred in fresh or sea water. Close questioning of 40 successful rescuers showed that 21 had learned the procedure of oral inflation only from printed material or radio and performed well. The other 19, whose training included practice on manikins or conscious persons, performed better in actual emergencies. A correlation was found to exist between the period of artificial ventilation required and the duration of subsequent unconsciousness. Trismus and vomiting were comparatively rare during oral inflation. Occurring more frequently after the return of spontaneous breathing, such episodes did not seriously impair the procedure. Three victims survived after more than 1 hour of artificial breathing.
CONCRETION IN LUSCHKA'S TONSIL.
Authors: JAMES H. MORROWAY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The following case is of interest from its rarity. I have been unable to find a report of a similar case in the available literature. It is further of interest from the symptoms, which resembled those of hay fever: <h3>Patient.</h3> —A. B., male, aged 28, has always had trouble with his throat and nose, but otherwise presents no clinical history of importance. He at first appeared to be a victim of hay fever, although there was no sneezing at the moment. The face presented a vacuous expression; nose was long and narrow, giving a pinched expression. The alæ moved feebly, and considerable thin discharge flowed from the nostrils. The mouth was open to aid breathing, and there were fetor of the breath and painful deglutition. Deafness was also present. <h3>Examination.</h3> —Anterior rhinoscopy showed the picture of trophic rhinitis: crusts and scabs, showing shallow ulcerations underneath when they were lifted by
The effect of glucagon on serum gastrin: II Studies in pernicious anaemia and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Authors: M. G. Korman, C. Soveny, J. Hansky
Journal: Gut (1973)

Serum gastrin was measured by radioimmunoassay in four patients with pernicious anaemia and four patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome before and after the intravenous injection of 1 mg glucagon. Serum gastrin fell significantly in the patients with pernicious anaemia whilst in the patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome there was a significant rise. Concomitant measurement of gastric acid output in one subject with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome also showed a rise in acid output with glucagon. The reason for the paradoxical rise in gastrin in response to glucagon in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is unknown, but the response may provide a further diagnostic aid to this condition.
Congenital spongiform cardiomyopathy — A 21 year experience
Authors: Sabine Kleinert, Brian Edis, Robert G. Weintraub, James L. Wilkinson, Luigi d'Orsogna, Chung-Wo Chow, Samuel Menahem, Tiow H. Goh, Lance Fong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Manifesting carriage of a Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutation: an unusual cause of impaired lung function in CF
Authors: Woolf Walker, Gary Connett
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2010)

Measurement of lung function is central to the monitoring of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and is used routinely as soon as children are able to reliably reproduce forced respiratory manoeuvres. Falling or persistently poor lung function indices are of concern and trigger further investigations to discover the cause as well as escalations in treatment. We describe a previously unreported cause of persistently poor spirometry in CF and highlight important considerations in the differential diagnosis of children with reduced lung function.
Fracture of the Neck of the Fifth Metacarpal Bone—Is Over-Treatment Justified?
Authors: Sidney N. Eichenholtz
Journal: JAMA (1961)

SOME YEARS AGO, the senior author had an opportunity to witness an attempt at closed reduction of a 40 ° volar angulation in a fracture involving the neck of a fifth metacarpal bone. The patient sought treatment 8 days after injury, not because of pain, but because of persistent swelling. Despite the combined efforts of 2 residents and with the aid of general anaesthesia, no change in the alignment of the fracture fragments could be produced. The patient was instructed in active exercises and within 2 weeks returned to heavy work completely symptom free. Since that day, the lesson learned has been applied to 28 additional similar fractures with excellent results in every case.  This presentation is limited to fractures located at the neck of the fifth metacarpal bone. In our series, the most common cause was a direct blow with the clenched fist against a hard object. The
Family Medicine-Reply
Authors: Edmund D. Pellegrino
Journal: JAMA (1979)

I am sympathetic with the concerns expressed by Dr Gillette. However, I think he misreads my line of argument. Nothing in my essay suggests that family medicine should slavishly adopt the current academic model and sacrifice humanism or care for common problems for science. Rather, my article insists that these are among the essential contributions of family medicine to medical education and practice. I do argue, however, that these contributions are best developed in the academic setting and not out of it. Family medicine can now shape its own academic destiny; it has the intellectual resources to do so. It must respond in its own way to the challenges my article poses. There is, after all, no inherent contradiction between intellectual rigor and a humanistic approach to patient care. We enhance—rather than lose—our humanity the more we understand and can rationally justify our decisions. Is anything less humane
An evaluation of Potts' aortopulmonary shunt for palliation of cyanotic heart disease.
Authors: F J Daniel, C P Clarke, J P Richardson, G W Westlake, P G Jones
Journal: Thorax (1976)

The results of 28 Potts' aortopulmonary shunts created for the relief of cyanotic heart disease are reviewed in this study. The shunt gave excellent symptomatic relief, but the incidence of immediate and late complications is high. Regular follow-up of patients is mandatory to detect evidence of increasing pulmonary vascular disease and to under take corrective surgery whenever feasible before its occurrence. Although Potts' anastomosis has been largely replaced by alternative shunt procedures, there may still be a place for its application in selected situations. Only a few problems were encountered at the time of closure of the shunt in 11 patients during corrective surgery using a transpulmonary technique and hypothermia with circulatory arrest.
gamma-Gliadin: a presumptive allergen causing wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
Authors: E. Morita, Y. Kameyoshi, S. Mihara, T. Hiragun, S. Yamamoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article γ‐Gliadin: a presumptive allergen causing wheat‐dependent exercise‐induced anaphylaxis Get access E. Morita, E. Morita Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1–2–3, Minami‐ku, Hiroshima 734–8551, JapanE‐mail: emorita@hiroshima‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Kameyoshi, Y. Kameyoshi Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1–2–3, Minami‐ku, Hiroshima 734–8551, JapanE‐mail: emorita@hiroshima‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Mihara, S. Mihara Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1–2–3, Minami‐ku, Hiroshima 734–8551, JapanE‐mail: emorita@hiroshima‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hiragun, T. Hiragun Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1–2–3, Minami‐ku, Hiroshima 734–8551, JapanE‐mail: emorita@hiroshima‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Yamamoto S. Yamamoto Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1–2–3, Minami‐ku, Hiroshima 734–8551, JapanE‐mail: emorita@hiroshima‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 145, Issue 1, 1 July 2001, Pages 182–184, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04314.x Published: 01 July 2001
ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: A. H. Burgess
Journal: BMJ (1932)

The results or surgical treatment of acute abdominal con- ditions have greatly improved during the present century, but the improvement has not been equally marked in the various constituent groups.Thus, at the Manchester Royal Infirmary in 1930, our mortality for acute appen- dicitis was only one-fifteenth and for gastro-duodenal perforations only one-sixth of the mortality in 1900, whereas for acute intestinal obstruction it was one-half.The series of statistics presented by Mr. R. M. Vick is in continuation of that presented at the Bath meeting of the British Medical Association in 1925 by Mr. H. S. Souttar.Together they constitute the largest of any recent statistical series relative to acute intestinal ob- struction.Mr. Vick's series shows that the mortality from this condition, in all its forms, is 26.2 per cent.This figure, however, is obtained by including cases of strangu- lated external hernia and of idiopathic intussusception, and as both these disorders are common and have the lowest mortality, their inclusion reduces considerably the mor- tality of the remainder.I propose, therefore, to exclude these, since, to my mind, the important practical point is to know the mortality of those cases of acute intestinal obstruction of which the diagnosis is not readily obvious.Only by gross carelessness can obstruction from external strangulated hernia be overlooked, and acute intussusception, with its characteristic symptoms and signs and its age of onset, ought to be capable -of early recognition the latter, moreover, is not primarily an obstruction, and, indeed, as MacLennan has stated, the object of early diagnosis and treatment is to prevent an intussusception from becoming an obstruction.If, then, external strangu- lated hernia and intussusception are excluded from the series we are left with 2,588 cases with 1,040 deaths, a mortality of 40.1 per cent.This is the real mortality of acute intestinal obstruction the cause of which is not readily obvious, and it is this mortality we have to reduce.At the Manchester Royal Infirmary in 1900 it was 44.2 per cent.; in 1925-30 it has been reduced to 35.2 per cent.
An Address On Some War Diseases: Delivered to the Devon and Exeter Medico-Chirurgical Society
Authors: H. Davy
Journal: BMJ (1919)

WITH the exception of trench fever, whi,h-li depdndent on thie louse, I tlhink we may say tlhat one'w discase has been discovered during the war, but, as might be expected, since all the best medical science and talent in tlie wvorld hias been focussed on these old disease`s,' an immense amount of knowledge has b3oon gained as t-itheir history; and treatment.
Allergy to deamidated gluten in patients tolerant to wheat: specific epitopes linked to deamidation
Authors: Sandra S. Denery-Papini, Marie Bodinier, Colette C. Larre, Chantal C. Brossard, Florence Pineau, Sylvie Triballeau, Manon M. Pietri, F. Battais, T. Mothes, E. Paty, D. A. Moneret-Vautrin
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Gluten proteins can be modified by deamidation to enhance their solubility and technological applications. However, severe allergic reactions have been reported after the consumption of food products containing deamidated gluten ( DG ) in subjects tolerant to wheat. This work aimed to characterize allergen profiles for these patients in comparison with those of patients allergic to wheat and to identify I g E ‐binding epitopes. Methods Sera were obtained from 15 patients allergic to DG and from nine patients allergic to wheat proteins ( WP ). I g E ‐binding profiles were characterized both in ELISA and in a humanized rat basophilic leukaemia ( RBL ) cell model. Epitopes were mapped on γ‐ and ω2‐gliadin sequences by P epscan, and effect of glutamine/glutamic acid substitutions was studied. Results Compared to the heterogeneous pattern of allergens detected by I g E from patients allergic to WP , responses of patients allergic to DG were homogeneous. In ELISA , all the sera displayed I g E binding to deamidated γ‐ and ω2‐gliadins and deamidated total gliadins, frequently with high concentrations. These modified proteins induced RBL degranulation with most of the sera from DG ‐allergic patients. A consensus epitope was found on native γ‐ and ω2‐gliadins ( QPQQPFPQ ); it was repeated several times in their sequences. The substitution of two or three glutamines of this epitope into glutamic acid at positions Q 3 or Q 4 and Q 8 ( QPEEPFPE ) increased its recognition the best. Conclusion Allergy to DG is a separate entity from wheat allergy. It can be evidenced by strong I g E binding to deamidated gliadins or peptides of the type QPEEPFPE .
Data concerning Human Fertility
Authors: G. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1942)

HUMAN ISO-AGGLUTININ ANTIFM MEDICA JOUItAL of individuals tested."He had previously (Wiener, 1939) mentioned three cases of anti-M and had given references to two of them.The first had been reported, without details being given, by Wolff and Jonnson (1933, p. 84), the second by Friedenreich (1937), and another case, which may be the third one referred to by Wiener, has been described by Moureau and Lambert (1939a, 1939b).
Mental Health Effects of Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Yuval Neria, James M. Shultz
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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