tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AUTOMOBILE JACK FOR FRACTURED SPINE
Authors: Edwin W. Ryerson
Journal: JAMA (1934)

This apparatus provides a cheap and remarkably efficient means of producing any desired degree of hyperextension of the dorsolumbar spine and makes easy the application of a plaster-of-paris jacket in dorsal recumbency. It is particularly valuable in the forcible correction of compression fractures of the spine. It is a combination of an ordinary automobile screw-jack with a simple device that I1 described in 1907. Two short pieces of half inch gas pipe, 2 inches long, are brazed vertically to the top of the jack, about an inch apart. Four flat strips of iron measuring ½ by ⅛ by 4 inches are bent at the middle to a right angle and two of them are slipped into each gas pipe (fig. 1). This makes two T shaped supports on which will rest the kyphosis, protected by a thick piece of felt 4 or 5 inches square. The head and shoulders rest
Lowering the Perinatal Mortality and the Prematurity Rate
Authors: Frank A. Finnerty
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The incidence of toxemia and rates of perinatal mortality and prematurity were compared in 1,340 normal juveniles who received thiazides prophylactically with 1,743 normal juveniles who did not receive thiazides. More than a 10% increase in arterial pressure and albuminuria not due to infection developed in 61 (5%) of the treated patients and 270 (15%) of the nontreated patients. In the 1,340 treated patients the perinatal mortality was 0.7% (one stillbirth plus eight neonatal deaths) and the prematurity rate was 5% (73 infants). In the 1,743 nontreated patients the perinatal mortality was 5% (53 stillbirths plus 11 neonatal deaths) and the prematurity rate was 12% (223 infants). It is concluded that the prophylactic use of thiazides not only protects the mother from toxemia but also significantly reduces perinatal mortality and prematurity.
POISONING BY CAUSTIC SODA
Authors: S. G. Willimott, M. Gosden
Journal: BMJ (1934)

With Special Plate) Fortunately poisoning by the fixed caustic alkalis is com- paratively rare in England, although in Europe fatal cases appear to be not uncommon.Balazs,3 for example, records in three years 754 alkali poisonings, of which 163, or 21.6 per cent., were fatal; and further statistics are given in the works of Popper' and Leschke.2In England ammonia is more frequently employed as a fatal poison, and,.according to the Registrar-General's returns4 for the
Ultrastructural study of pleural fluid in mesothelioma
Authors: M. Legrand, R. Pariente
Journal: Thorax (1974)

<b>Legrand, M. and Pariente, R. (1974).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>29</b>, 164-171. <b>Ultrastructural study of pleural fluid in mesothelioma.</b> By means of electron microscopy, three types of malignant cell can be identified in the pleural fluid of patients with pleural mesothelioma. These cell types are described, and the use of cytology in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion is discussed.
CEBPD Reverses RB/E2F1-Mediated Gene Repression and Participates in HMDB-Induced Apoptosis of Cancer Cells
Authors: Yen-Chun Pan, Chien-Feng Li, Chiung-Yuan Ko, Min-Hsiung Pan, Pei-Jung Chen, Joseph T. Tseng, Wen-Chun Wu, Wen-Chang Chang, A-Mei Huang, Esta Sterneck, Ju-Ming Wang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Recent evidence indicates that a tumor suppressor gene CEBPD (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta) is downregulated in many cancers including cervical cancer, which provides a therapeutic potential associated with its reactivation. However, little is known for CEBPD activators and the effect of reactivation of CEBPD transcription upon anticancer drug treatment. In this study, we identified a novel CEBPD activator, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-propanedione (HMDB). The purpose of this study is to characterize the mechanism of HMDB-induced CEBPD activation and its potential effect in cancer therapy.Methylation-specific PCR assay, reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were performed to dissect the signaling pathway of HMDB-induced CEBPD transcription. Furthermore, a consequence of HMDB-induced CEBPD expression was linked with E2F1 and retinoblastoma (RB), which discloses the scenario of CEBPD, E2F1, and RB bindings and transcriptional regulation on the promoters of proapoptotic genes, PPARG2 and GADD153. Finally, the anticancer effect of HMDB was examined in xenograft mice.We demonstrate that CEBPD plays an essential role in HMDB-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells. HMDB up-regulates CEBPD transcription through the p38/CREB pathway, thus leading to transcriptional activation of PPARG2 and GADD153. Furthermore, increased level of CEBPD attenuates E2F1-induced cancer cell proliferation and partially rescues RB/E2F1-mediated repression of PPARG2 and GADD153 transcription. Moreover, HMDB treatment attenuates the growth of A431 xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice mice.These results clearly demonstrate that HMDB kills cancer cells through activation of CEBPD pathways and suggest that HMDB can serve as a superior chemotherapeutic agent with limited potential for adverse side effects.
Severity of health effects associated with building-related illness.
Authors: L S Welch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Building-related illness ranges from mild rhinitis to potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity pneumonitis and legionellosis. Sick-building syndrome, consisting of headache, mucous membrane irritation, and fatigue, may be present in 30% of all office workers. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, asthma, and legionellosis are less common, and it is difficult from existing studies to estimate the incidence of these more severe illnesses. There are even fewer data on an illness now being called multiple chemical sensitivity and its relationship to indoor environments. New studies are needed to estimate the frequency of all building-associated illnesses, and case definitions for these disorders must be delineated.
Comparison of Whole-Body Versus Limited Whole-Body 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan in Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Francisco Jose Lazaga, Orhan K. Öz, Beverley Adams-Huet, Jon Anderson, Dana Mathews
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The objectives of this study were to estimate retrospectively the incidence of clinically significant findings in the lower extremities in patients with malignant cutaneous melanoma scanned from the skull vertex to the bottom of the feet and whether these add additional diagnostic and prognostic information and to demonstrate a confidence interval that would support exclusion of lower-extremity scans in these patients.This is a retrospective study of 200 patients who underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT for staging melanoma. Whole-body PET/CT scans including the lower extremities were reviewed. PET/CT findings in the lower extremities were tabulated by location, pathology, and clinical progress notes with documented clinical history and physical examination correlation.Among the 200 PET/CT scans, 3 scans had positive findings in the lower extremities. A biopsy was performed on 1 lesion, which was found to be an incidental squamous cell carcinoma. One lesion was considered a benign finding from inflammation demonstrated by clinical follow-up. One scan had a metastasis to the proximal femur, which is included in the standard FOV (eyes to midthighs). In this case series, the lower extremities' true-positive findings never impacted or changed clinical management.Our study confirms with a high degree of confidence that in patients with malignant cutaneous melanoma, additional lower-extremity scan results in little additional useful information and could be discontinued in patients whose melanoma did not arise in the lower extremities. PET/CT acquisition of the lower extremities results in increased scan time and unnecessary extra radiation dose from CT to melanoma patients.
ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION IN RELATION TO STATE MEDICINE.
Authors: EDWARD DAVIES McDANIEL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

importance to women than to men; that gonorrhea is accountable for most of women's pelvic woes; that it is the greatest cause of sterility in both sexes (Keherer); that it is the greatest single cause of blindness-18.5 to 23.5 per cent, of all the blind in early life being from this cause alone (Magnus, Fuchs and Lucius Howe); that it often kills and that from this cause alone a license to marry may also prove a death-warrant to a confiding bride.The laity would soon come to know that syphilis, of all diseases, is the
HIGHER PREVALENCE OF CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN MEN WITH LOW HDL-CHOLESTEROL IS NOT RELATED TO CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS OR INFLAMMATION
Authors: Kevin Heffernan, Richard H. Karas, Jeffrey T. Kuvin, Moon-Kyu Lee, Yoon-Ho Choi, Sae Young Jae
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Autoimmunity to the Sodium-Level Sensor in the Brain Causes Essential Hypernatremia
Authors: Takeshi Y. Hiyama, Shinichi Matsuda, Akihiro Fujikawa, Masahito Matsumoto, Eiji Watanabe, Hiroshi Kajiwara, Fumio Niimura, Masaharu Noda
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Management of Rubella Outbreaks in Hospitals
Authors: Christian G. Schrock, Frank S. Rhame
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We suggest an additional control measure to those outlined by Greaves et al in a recent article inThe Journal(1982;248:861). Their recommendations for control of a hospital rubella outbreak included the following: (1) vaccination of nonpregnant personnel who neither have proof of serological immunity nor prior rubella vaccination, (2) exclusion of exposed susceptible personnel from work during their potentially communicable period, and (3) exclusion of susceptible pregnant personnel from work until the outbreak is controlled. The protection provided by this approach is incomplete in one crucial respect. Susceptible employees with unrecognized exposures may be incubating rubella, and their infectivity would not be altered by immunization. There is no provision to protect pregnant patients from such employees under the presented recommendation. There are two additional problems with relying completely on an emergent hospital-wide rubella immunization program. First, large-scale immunization programs take at least several days to institute.
Chronic and Remitting Painful Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Correlations With Clinical Features and Subsequent Changes in Neurophysiology
Authors: Robert J Young, David J Ewing, Basil F Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

Twenty-nine diabetic patients (19 men, 10 women) aged 19–71 yr with newly developed painful polyneuropathy were studied prospectively for 12–18 mo. Pain remitted completely in 16 patients within 12 mo, but continued in the other 13 patients. At presentation, no differences were found in the type or prevalence of symptoms or neurophysiological measurements (electrophysiology and cardiovascular autonomic function tests) between the patients whose pain remitted and those whose pain continued. Most electrophysiological measurements improved slightly in remitting patients but deteriorated slightly in those whose pain continued to reveal a significant difference (P &amp;lt; .05) between the groups on final review. Similarly, abnormal autonomic nerve function improved slightly when pain remitted but worsened or persisted in patients whose pain continued, again revealing a significant difference between the groups (P &amp;lt; .05) on final review. We also observed that pain remission usually occurred if the onset of symptoms shortly followed some sudden metabolic change (e.g., rapid improvement in glycemic control, ketoacidosis, anorexia nervosa) when the duration of diabetes was relatively short or when considerable weight loss preceded the onset of pain. We suggest that remitting and chronic painful diabetic polyneuropathy have distinctive clinical features at presentation and detectable neurophysiological differences during their symptomatic evolution.
Familial clustering of arterial blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and pro-insulin but not of insulin resistance and microalbuminuria in siblings of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Authors: A E Pontiroli, L D Monti, A Pizzini, P Piatti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that selected abnormalities cluster in type 2 diabetic families. Offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes have a 40-60% chance of developing type 2 diabetes and an increased frequency of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or unknown diabetes. These offspring also show metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes, such as insulin resistance, high insulin and pro-insulin, low HDL cholesterol levels, arterial hypertension, and microalbuminuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 87 families including at least one type 2 diabetic patient, i.e., 87 probands and 146 siblings; 60 spouses of probands with no family history of diabetes were compared with siblings. Familial clustering was evaluated by 2 methods: concordance of siblings and probands for a given abnormality (method 1) and intraclass correlation coefficients of values within each family (method 2). RESULTS: At oral glucose tolerance testing, 24 siblings had type 2 diabetes, 31 siblings had IGT, and 14 spouses had IGT (P = 0.0012 vs. siblings). With method 1, familial clustering occurred for microalbuminuria, insulin resistance, arterial hypertension, HDL cholesterol and pro-insulin levels; with method 2, familial clustering was observed for the same variables except for microalbuminuria. With both method 1 and 2, familial clustering for insulin resistance disappeared, whereas familial clustering for arterial blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and pro-insulin remained after correction for BMI; after further restriction of analysis to probands and to siblings with normal glucose tolerance, familial clustering for pro-insulin was observed only with method 2. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that siblings of diabetic patients are at high risk for selected features of type 2 diabetes.
LIPID TRANSFER TO HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Mar&iacute;lia CO Sprandel, Whady Hueb, Antonio Casella-Filho, Alexandre Segre, Paulo Cury Rezende, Ana LO Carvalho, Desiderio Favarato, Raul C. Maranh&atilde;o, Jose Ramires, Roberto Kalil-Filho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Pathogenesis of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Alan D. Matzger
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The pathogenesis and prophylaxis of venous thrombosis of the lower extremities remains cloaked in mystery, despite (perhaps because of) the many articles in our overburdened literature, like that of Husni et al (<b>214</b>:1456-1462, 1970). DeBakey's 17-year-old comment sadly is as true today as then: "Indeed, few conditions in medicine have been subjected to so much analysis with so little elucidation."<sup>1</sup> The authors of the latest assault ask themselves three reasonably good questions and we are to assume from their numbers and their pictures and their discussions that they have answered them. I submit that they have not. The first asks if compression reduces the venous pool in the calf. A proper answer would have to be based on some sort of volume measurement, even a semiquantitative one derived from plethysmography, but instead we are told that because we don't see any subcutaneous veins in the
Preventing and Controlling Hypertension in the Era of Genomic Innovation and Environmental Transformation
Authors: Donna K. Arnett, Steven A. Claas
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Duty to Attend Upon the Sick
Authors: Mark M. Passey
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —I disagree with Clarke and Conley's 1 statement that disciplinary action taken by licensing boards against doctors who refuse to treat patients with HIV [human immunodeficiency virus] is entirely appropriate. To prescribe state enforcement of the ethical ideal, that physicians must treat the sick without regard to personal risk, ignores some legitimate, competing ideals and considerations.  In the first place, the authors do not consider the issue of freedom of choice, traditionally highly valued in America. To say that the choice is between treating patients with HIV or not having a license to practice is a glib denial of the fact that meaningful freedom depends on meaningful choices. Freedom of choice is a legitimate, mitigating competing ideal. It should not be abandoned so lightly.  A second issue is the ethical independence of the medical profession.  authors pronounce, The practice of medicine is a privilege granted by
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Validation of the Proposals for Revision of the T, N, and M Descriptors and Consequent Stage Groupings in the Forthcoming (Seventh) Edition of the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours
Authors: Patti A. Groome, Vanessa Bolejack, John J. Crowley, Catherine Kennedy, Mark Krasnik, Leslie H. Sobin, Peter Goldstraw
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Expression of fibrillar types I and III and basement membrane collagen type IV genes in myocardium of tight skin mouse
Authors: D. Chapman, M. Eghbali
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Journal Article Expression of fibrillar types I and III and basement membrane collagen type IV genes in myocardium of tight skin mouse Get access Douglas Chapman, Douglas Chapman Cardiovascular Institute, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Lake Shore Drive at 31st St, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA Correspondence to: Dr Eghbali Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mahboubeh Eghbali Mahboubeh Eghbali Cardiovascular Institute, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Lake Shore Drive at 31st St, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 24, Issue 7, July 1990, Pages 578–583, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/24.7.578 Published: 01 July 1990 Article history Received: 04 January 1990 Accepted: 22 February 1990 Published: 01 July 1990
Inhibition of the Late Phase Reaction to Anti‐IgE by Previous Mast Cell Activation with Compound 48/80
Authors: Reidar Grönneberg
Journal: Allergy (1984)

The concept of an obligate association between mast cell activation and development of a late phase reaction (LPR) to various agents in human skin was further elucidated. Skin sites were treated four times at 24 h intervals with non-LPR-inducing doses of the histamine liberator compound 48/80 in 10 volunteers. The previously compound 48/80-challenged sites responded with an approximately 40% attenuated early response (P less than 0.01) and a 70% reduction of the LPR (P less than 0.001) to subsequently injected anti-IgE as compared with simultaneous reactions at control sites. The data suggest that mediators from the cutaneous mast cells are necessary for the final expression of an LPR.
Stroke care audit shows major staff shortages
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A quarter of hospitals in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland have an unfilled consultant stroke physician post, and not enough trainee doctors are available to fill them, a national audit has shown.

The organisational audit,1 carried out by the Royal College of Physicians and published as part of the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme, found that, despite steady progress in the care of stroke patients in the United Kingdom, considerable concerns remain about the consultant stroke physician workforce. Almost half of hospitals wish to expand their consultant stroke physician clinical …
Treatment of Insomniac Patients with the Air-Fluidized Bed
Authors: WILLIAM C. MILLER, JAY T. SHURLEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The authors make a preliminary report on the use of the air-fluidized bed in treating patients with disabling insomnia. They believe the bed helped the majority of their patients by providing a physically comfortable environment, in terms of weight distribution, support, temperature, and humidity; this promoted positive fantasies.
Lipids and inflammation: serial measurements of the lipid profile of blood donors who later developed rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: V P van Halm, M M J Nielen, M T Nurmohamed, D van Schaardenburg, H W Reesink, A E Voskuyl, J W R Twisk, R J van de Stadt, M H M T de Koning, M R Habibuw, I E van der Horst-Bruinsma, B A C Dijkmans
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

<b>Background:</b> Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by inflammation and an increased cardiovascular risk. It was recently shown that active early rheumatoid arthritis is associated with dyslipidaemia, which may partially explain the enhanced cardiovascular risk. However, it is unknown when this dyslipidaemia starts. <b>Objective:</b> To investigate the progression of the lipid profile over time and the influence of inflammatory parameters on this lipid profile, in people who later developed rheumatoid arthritis. <b>Methods:</b> Levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides, apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), apolipoprotein B (apo B) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) were determined in 1078 stored, deep-frozen, serial blood bank samples, collected between 1984 and 1999, of 79 blood donors who later developed rheumatoid arthritis. These samples were compared with 1071 control samples of unselected blood donors, matched for age, sex and storage time. <b>Results:</b> Samples of patients who later developed rheumatoid arthritis showed, on average, 4% higher total cholesterol, 9% lower HDLc, 17% higher triglyceride and 6% higher apo B levels than matched controls (p⩽0.05). The magnitude of the differences in lipid levels between groups, explained by C reactive protein (CRP), was limited. For example, only 3.6% of the difference in HDLc levels between the groups was explained by the CRP concentrations. <b>Conclusion:</b> Patients who later develop rheumatoid arthritis have a considerably more atherogenic lipid profile than matched blood donors at least 10 years before onset of symptoms. As inflammation only marginally explains the differences between the two groups, a modulating effect of lipids on inflammatory processes is hypothesised.