tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1420: Mechanisms of stroma-derived CCL7 in promoting lung cancer.
Authors: Hyejin Choi, Anna Durrans, Dingcheng Gao, Seongho Ryu, Nasser Altorki, Vivek Mittal
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent form. Considerable attention has been directed to cancer cell intrinsic abnormalities (K-ras, p53, EGFR, AML-ALK4 fusions etc.), but little is known about the contribution of stromal cells to NSCLC progression. We have undertaken a comprehensive analysis to determine the contribution and biological function of the stromal cells in NSCLC. We show increased recruitment of BM hematopoietic cells in the tumor beds compared to matched adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissue in NSCLC patients. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis on specific cell populations from fresh samples of NSCLC patients identified differentially regulated genes and mRNA isoforms in NSCLC stromal cells. Genes that were successfully validated by independent RT-PCR on sorted stromal cells and tumor cells were used for further analysis. Many genes encoded secreted proteins, suggesting the activation of aberrant autocrine and paracrine regulatory loops likely to support stroma-mediated tumor progression. Among these genes, CCL7 was upregulated in myeloid progenitor cells and was selected for further investigation. Immunostaining of lung tumor and adjacent non-neoplastic tissue of patients shows highest expression of CCL7 in BM-derived cells (CD45+ cells) in the tumor. Cross species analysis showed that, consistent with the observation in human tissue, CCL7 was differentially regulated in BM derived cells in a mouse model of NSCLC generated in KrasG12D and p53-/- transgenic mice. We have genetically ablated CCL7 in the BM cells using lentiviral shRNA and BMT approaches and will discuss consequences of this ablation in CCL7-mediated crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells that regulate NSCLC progression. Citation Format: Hyejin Choi, Anna Durrans, Dingcheng Gao, Seongho Ryu, Nasser Altorki, Vivek Mittal. Mechanisms of stroma-derived CCL7 in promoting lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1420. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1420
Handbook of Speech Pathology and Audiology
Authors: Hubert L. Gerstman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Has a specialty arrived when it becomes represented by a Handbook? Other questions arise: Was the book written for a wide audience? Does the collection have validity for those within the field? Is it useful and representative as a source for those outside the field? These criteria help when evaluating a Handbook 1,312 pages in length, with 50 chapters representing 44 authors.  The editor and authors have succeeded in writing for a diverse audience. The book can be read at various levels of abstraction, and readers may bring either a limited or wide experience to the subject matter. The chapters are well ordered so that one may indulge his interest in the basic science (eg, terminology, musculature, neurophysiology, acoustics) in the first section, a complete review of hearing in the second, a thorough exploration of voice in the third, a total overview of speech in the fourth, and a comprehensive
Physiological Concentrations of Estradiol Attenuate Endothelin 1–Induced Coronary Vasoconstriction In Vivo
Authors: Krishnankutty Sudhir, Eitetsu Ko, Christian Zellner, Hubert E. Wong, Stuart J. Hutchison, Tony M. Chou, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Estrogens are cardioprotective hormones and are reported to have antianginal properties. We examined the effect of physiological concentrations of 17β-estradiol on coronary reactivity in anesthetized female farm pigs. Methods and Results Epicardial coronary cross-sectional area (CSA) was assessed by two-dimensional intravascular ultrasound, average coronary peak flow velocity (APV) by intravascular Doppler velocimetry, and coronary blood flow (CBF) was calculated. Dose-response curves to intracoronary endothelin-1 (ET-1, 1 pmol/L to 10 nmol/L), the selective ET B receptor agonist sarafotoxin (1 pmol/L to 10 nmol/L), and serotonin (0.1 nmol/L to 1 μmol/L) were assessed before and after a 10-minute infusion of intracoronary estradiol (1 nmol/L). Before estradiol administration, ET-1 induced significant dose-dependent decreases in CSA, APV, and CBF. Estradiol attenuated ET-1–induced epicardial vasoconstriction ( P &lt;.001) as well as ET-1–induced decreases in APV ( P =.05) and CBF ( P =.012). In an additional five pigs, vehicle (DMSO) had no effect on ET-1–induced coronary vasoconstriction. Before estradiol administration, sarafotoxin induced no net change in CSA but induced increases in APV and CBF, the extent of which did not change significantly after estradiol. Serotonin induced small decreases in CSA but increased APV and CBF. Estradiol did not influence serotonin-induced changes in CSA, APV, or CBF. Conclusions We conclude that estradiol attenuates ET-1–induced vasoconstriction, possibly through effects on the ET A receptor, because selective ET B receptor-induced stimulation with sarafotoxin remained unchanged. Such an effect on the ET A receptor may relate to the antianginal properties of estrogens.
Effects of Diet and Simvastatin on Serum Lipids, Insulin, and Antioxidants in Hypercholesterolemic Men
Authors: Antti Jula, Jukka Marniemi, Risto Huupponen, Arja Virtanen, Merja Rastas, Tapani Rönnemaa
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ContextLimited information exists on the interaction between diet and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) and the interaction's effect on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels, insulin sensitivity, and circulating antioxidant vitamin and provitamin levels.ObjectiveTo evaluate the separate and combined effects of diet and simvastatin therapy on serum levels of lipids, lipoproteins, antioxidants, and insulin.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRandomized, controlled crossover trial conducted from August 1997 to June 1998 in 120 previously untreated hypercholesterolemic men aged 35 to 64 years who were recruited from the community in Turku, southwestern Finland.InterventionsAfter a 4- to 6-week placebo run-in period, participants were randomly allocated to a habitual diet (n = 60) or dietary treatment group (n = 60), and each of these groups was further randomized in a double-blind crossover fashion to receive simvastatin (20 mg/d) or placebo, each for 12 weeks (n = 30 in each group). The main goals of the dietary treatment were to reduce energy intake from saturated plus trans-unsaturated fats to no more than 10% by replacing them partly with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats rich in omega-3 fatty acids and to increase intake of fruits, vegetables, and dietary fiber.Main Outcome MeasuresChanges in levels of total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; triglycerides; apolipoprotein B; insulin; glucose; and antioxidants at week 12 of each treatment period, compared among the 4 groups.ResultsDietary treatment decreased levels of total cholesterol by 7.6% (P<.001), LDL cholesterol by 10.8% (P<.001), HDL cholesterol by 4.9% (P = .01), apolipoprotein B by 5.7% (P = .003), serum insulin by 14.0% (P = .02), and α-tocopherol by 3.5% (P = .04). Simvastatin decreased levels of total cholesterol by 20.8%, LDL cholesterol by 29.7%, triglycerides by 13.6%, apolipoprotein B by 22.4%, α-tocopherol by 16.2%, β-carotene by 19.5%, and ubiquinol-10 by 22.0% (P<.001 for all) and increased levels of HDL cholesterol by 7.0% (P<.001) and serum insulin by 13.2% (P = .005). Glucose levels remained unchanged in all groups. The effects of dietary treatment and simvastatin were independent and additive.ConclusionsA modified Mediterranean-type diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids efficiently potentiated the cholesterol-lowering effect of simvastatin, counteracted the fasting insulin–elevating effect of simvastatin, and, unlike simvastatin, did not decrease serum levels of β-carotene and ubiquinol-10.
Abstract 4624: Molecular target identification of quinolinone based anticancer compounds
Authors: Gabriela Rylova, Petr Dzubak, Anna Janostakova, Ivo Frydrych, Petr Konecny, Dusan Holub, Tomas Ozdian, Dalibor Dolezal, Miroslav Soural, Jan Hlavac, Marian Hajduch
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Quinolinones, compounds derived from quinolone antibiotics, are well known for their antibacterial, antiprotozoal, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive effects. Screening of collection of small molecules revealed 2-phenyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolinones as molecules with highly selective cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines. Moreover, in vivo activity assessment of the most active compounds against mouse tumor hollow fibre model of CCRF-CEM cells, showed anticancer activity comparable to doxorubicin. Furthermore, cell biology tests revealed that DNA/RNA synthesis was inhibited together with block of tumor cells in G1 phase within the cell cycle. With these promising results, we decided to continue to identify molecular target and mechanism of action of these compounds and based on such understanding to further improve its biological activity and pharmacological properties. As a first step, the biotinylated molecules of original derivatives were synthesized, which were used for immunoafinity pull down target identification. By mass spectrometry analysis we have reproducibily identified complex of proteins, which are involved in glucose metabolism, translational regulation and are building blocks of cytoskeleton. Involvement of these pathways was further supported by metabolomics, proteomics profiling and by microarray expressional analysis. Identified molecular targets were further validated by western blots, in reporter cell lines and in the cell-free system by measurement of enzymatic activity and monitoring of complex interaction of identified partners, suggesting new mechanisms of regulation. Currently, we are working on the state-of-art proof by structural analysis of target and chinolinone ligand. Acknowledgement: This work was supported by internal grant of Palacky University (LF_2013_016) and BIOMEDREG (CZ.1.05/2.1.00/ 01.0030). Citation Format: Gabriela Rylova, Petr Dzubak, Anna Janostakova, Ivo Frydrych, Petr Konecny, Dusan Holub, Tomas Ozdian, Dalibor Dolezal, Miroslav Soural, Jan Hlavac, Marian Hajduch. Molecular target identification of quinolinone based anticancer compounds. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4624. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4624
Tc-99m Tetrofosmin Imaging in Chondrosarcoma
Authors: GÜLGÜN BÜYÜKDERELİ, ÖZOĞUL SARGIN, SERDAR ÖZBARLAS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 41-year-old woman with a 15 × 15 × 15 cm subcutaneous tumor in the left scapula region was referred for whole-body Tc-99m tetrofosmin imaging. The images showed a lesion on the scapula that had less perfusion than the contralateral region and less activity than the ipsilateral and contralateral background. After surgery, pathologic examination revealed chondrosarcoma, which is defined as a primary malignant skeletal neoplasm. To the authors’ knowledge, reduced perfusion uptake of Tc-99m tetrofosmin lower than background regions has not been described in chondrosarcoma before.
Adjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer — A Good First Step
Authors: Bruce D. Minsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The usual initial treatment for patients who present with clinically resectable rectal cancer is surgery. Adjuvant therapy for this disease has improved considerably in the past decade, and most clinical trials now focus on postoperative combination therapy. The two components of this therapy are pelvic irradiation and chemotherapy based on fluorouracil. Radiation therapy decreases the incidence of local (pelvic) recurrences; chemotherapy enhances the effects of radiation and improves survival by decreasing the risk of distant metastasis.The publication of two randomized trials in which significant improvement in local control and survival was found with postoperative combination therapy1,2 prompted a . . .
Hepatic macrophage migration and differentiation critical for liver fibrosis is mediated by the chemokine receptor C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 in mice
Authors: Felix Heymann, Linda Hammerich, Dunja Storch, Matthias Bartneck, Sebastian Huss, Vanessa Rüsseler, Nikolaus Gassler, Sergio A. Lira, Tom Luedde, Christian Trautwein, Frank Tacke
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Chemokines critically control the infiltration of immune cells upon liver injury, thereby promoting hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The chemokine receptor CCR8 can affect trafficking of monocytes/macrophages, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and T-helper cell (Th) subsets, but its role in liver diseases is currently unknown. To investigate the functional role of CCR8 in liver diseases, ccr8 −/− and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to chronic experimental injury models of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration and surgical bile duct ligation (BDL). CCR8 was strongly up-regulated in the injured liver. Ccr8 −/− mice displayed attenuated liver damage (e.g., ALT, histology, and TUNEL) compared to WT mice and were also protected from liver fibrosis in two independent injury models. Flow cytometry revealed reduced infiltrates of liver macrophages, neutrophils and natural killer cells, whereas hepatic CD4+ T cells increased. The main CCR8-expressing cells in the liver were hepatic macrophages, and CCR8 was functionally necessary for CCL1-directed migration of inflammatory but not for nonclassical monocytes into the liver. Moreover, the phenotype of liver macrophages from injured ccr8 −/− animals was altered with increased expression of DC markers and enhanced expression of T-cell-attracting chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1α/CCL3). Correspondingly, hepatic CD4+ T cells showed increased Th1 polarization and reduced Th2 cells in CCR8-deficient animals. Liver fibrosis progression, but also subsequent T-cell alterations, could be restored by adoptively transferring CCR8-expressing monocytes/macrophages into ccr8 −/− mice during experimental injury. Conclusions : CCR8 critically mediates hepatic macrophage recruitment upon injury, which subsequently shapes the inflammatory response in the injured liver, affecting macrophage/DC and Th differentiation. CCR8 deficiency protects the liver against injury, ameliorating initial inflammatory responses and hepatic fibrogenesis. Inhibition of CCR8 or its ligand, CCL1, might represent a successful therapeutic target to limit liver inflammation and fibrosis progression.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone–Secreting Tumor in the Pancreas Identified by PET/CT
Authors: Haifei Wu, Chao Wang, Shuai Liu, Lili Wu, Fei Miao, Yifan Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 51-year-old woman presented typical symptoms of a Cushing syndrome. MRI scanning of the pituitary gland showed possible enlargement of the right side of the pituitary gland, suggestive of microadenoma. However, a transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection failed to relieve the symptoms. An FDG PET/CT was performed to further evaluate this patient, which revealed abnormal FDG activity in the pancreas. After the surgical removal of the pancreatic lesion, the patient's symptoms disappeared. The pathologic examinations confirmed the lesion to be an adrenocorticotropic hormone–secreting neuroendocrine tumor.
Researcher threatens to seek out and sue anonymous peer reviewers
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Researcher threatens to seek out and sue anonymous peer reviewers Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Fear of stigma deters US soldiers from seeking help for mental health
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Fear of stigmatisation resulted in less than half of US combat infantry personnel who developed mental health problems after serving in Iraq or Afghanistan seeking treatment, finds a study in the New England Journal of Medicine (2004;351:13-28).

Soldiers most in need of treatment feared being stigmatised the most, says an accompanying editorial by Dr Matthew Friedman, of the Department of Veterans Affairs' National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Vermont. Dr Friedman suggests soldiers fear that “a scarlet P [signifying post-traumatic stress disorder] could doom …
The ESR signals in silk fibroin and wool keratin under both the effect of UV-irradiation and without any external effects and the formation of free radicals
Authors: Sh.V. Mamedov, B. Aktas, M. Cantürk, B. Aksakal, V. Alekperov, F. Bülbül, R. Yilgin, R.B. Aslanov
Journal: Biomaterials (2002)
Chlorosis Lives!— and Slips Through MeSH
Authors: Mitchell A. Cahan
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  In a recent commentary by Dr Crosby 1 entitled Whatever Became of Chlorosis? the author implies that chlorosis has not only vanished from the practice of medicine but disappeared from the medical literature as well. Having noted the mass of citations on chlorosis in the 1881 edition of the Index Catalog of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office U.S. Army, the author states that one hundred years later, in 1981, Index Medicus [ IM ] contains none, not one, no listing at all. Chlorosis is gone from IM because it is gone from the practice of medicine. Although chlorosis has faded from the modern hospital ward and even from the pages of the 1981 edition of IM , references to the disease still appear in the literature.  A search of the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database for the year 1981 reveals four articles 2-5 (concerning the disease in
Treatment of Generalized War-Related Health Concerns
Authors: Charles W. Hoge, Carl A. Castro
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT OF FLOATING KIDNEY.
Authors: R. HARVEY REED
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The rarity of a condition makes it all the more important from a medico-legal standpoint. Cases of frequent occurrence give greater opportunity for their study and consideration. Rare cases offer few precedents and afford but occasional opportunities for observation. Less than a year ago, I was called to testify as an expert witness in one of these rare cases, which, so far as I am able to learn, has never had a precedent, but its importance impressed me so profoundly that I feel that I owe it to the medical as well as the legal profession to briefly consider it on this occasion. Without referring to names, dates or places, I shall simply state the facts in the case and then proceed to study them from a medico-legal standpoint. A gentleman of middle age was injured in a railroad wreck which he claimed caused a floating kidney on his right
Pleurectomy/Decortication, Hyperthermic Pleural Lavage with Povidone-Iodine Followed by Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Loïc Lang-Lazdunski, Andrea Bille, Elizabeth Belcher, Paul Cane, David Landau, Jeremy Steele, Henry Taylor, James Spicer
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Health benefits of swimming pools in remote Aboriginal communities
Authors: G. Hall
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Would depend on community participation and long term sustainability 

We welcome the study in this issue showing improved health outcomes for children after swimming pools were installed in two remote Aboriginal communities in Western Australia–but with guarded optimism.1 Improvements in Aboriginal children's health, particularly in remote communities, have been remarkably difficult to achieve, so successful interventions that are potentially transferable warrant serious consideration.

Optimism, however, must be guarded. There is no quick fix for the many health problems that occur in remote communities, including both infectious and chronic illnesses. As the authors note, pyoderma and chronic ear disease have remained intractably high in children for decades. In some communities the prevalence of trachoma is as high as 40% in children under 10 years.2 Mortality for indigenous infants is 2.5 times as high as for all Australia,3 and hospital admissions for children under 14 years are 1.5 times as high.4 As the …
Fatal Case of Acute Porphyria
Authors: A. Abrahams, C. J. Gavey, N. F. Maclagan
Journal: BMJ (1947)

PENICILLIN THERAPY IN OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM MBcRATIJo4L2 be reduced by an increase in concentration of the drops, but a striking difference was noted in the case of inclusion bodies.Of the 16 cases of inclusion bodies treated by penicillin, 2,500 units per ml., nine gave an unsatisfactory response, while only four out of 15 failed to respond when the concentration was increased to 10,000 units per ml.Only one of the five cases with diphtheroids treated by systemic injection gave an unsatis- factory response; there were three cases with unsatisfactory response out of a total of 17 with inclusion bodies.3. The poor responses and relapses recorded in this series are to be understood in a relative sense.A total failure to respond to penicillin treatment has not been observed, and in no case has penicillin treatment failed to influence the condition suffici- ently to remove all anxiety within a matter of hours, or less.The optimum mode of use of penicillin is still to be determined, though even now the results obtainable are as great an advance on those of the sulphonamides as these in turn were over the classical methods of treatment.I am indebted to