tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P5-08-01: Quantitative Analysis of Strain Ratio of Microcalcification Lesions with Surgical Specimen Mammography.
Authors: S-H Hung, R-C Chen, Y-T Wu, T Chen, C-H Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Measurement of the strain induced by compression can be useful in the diagnosis of breast tumors. Microcalcification (MC) detected by mammography could be the only symptom of early breast cancers. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative method for a differential diagnosis of MC lesions based on the strain ratio (SR) obtained by applying different breast compression pressure during mammography. Methods: This prospective study was conducted with institutional review board approval and the written informed consent was obtained. Twenty-five mastectomy specimens (24 for treatment of breast cancer and 1 from contralateral prophylactic mastectomy) with MCs were examined by digital mammography. There were 24 malignant MCs (mean size of 18.8 mm) detected in the 24 separate specimens, including 14 lesions of invasive carcinoma and 10 lesions of carcinoma in situ. Five benign MCs (mean size of 21.6 mm) were detected, including four lesions which coexisted with malignant MCs in the four separate specimens, and one was discovered in the prophylactic mastectomy specimen. Each specimen experienced four different magnitudes of compression force and the corresponding images were acquired for further analysis. Images in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format (DICOM) were exported into custom software, written in Matlab, to contour the region of interest. Stress was defined as the force divided by the whole specimen area, and the square root of MC area was calculated to represent strain deformation. The SR was the slope of the best-fit line through the four points of each lesion. Histology of the MC was correlated with SR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of SR for discrimination between benign and malignant MC. Results: The SRs were higher in the malignant MC group (139.10 a.u.) than in the benign MC group (34.09 a.u.; p = 0.024). The SR between invasive carcinoma and carcinoma in situ showed no statistic significance (127.03 a.u. vs. 156.00 a.u.; p = 0.642). The area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of benign and malignant MC was 0.825 (95% CI, 0.667 to 0.982). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the SR detected by mammography showed potential for distinguishing benign from malignant MCs. Further in vivo investigations of larger cohorts are necessary to validate these results. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-01.
DIFFERENT SERIAL CHANGES OF NEOINTIMAL COVERAGE CONDITIONS WERE SHOWN IN 4 KINDS OF DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Daisuke Nakamura, Masami Nishino, Naotaka Okamoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Atsushi Kikuchi, Takeshi Masaki, Naoki Mori, Takahiro Yoshimura, Yasuharu Lee, Masayuki Taniike, Nobuhiko Makino, Hiroyasu KATO, yasuyuki egami, Ryu Shutta, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Bladder endometriosis: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: C. Nogueira-Silva, T. P. Leitao, F. Osorio
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Binding of NK cell inhibitory receptors to MHC class I (MHC-I) confers increased responsiveness to NK cells by a process known as NK cell licensing/education. Reduced MHC-I expression or a lack of inhibitory receptors for MHC-I results in diminished NK cell responsiveness. In this study, we evaluated the effect of human and mouse NK cell licensing on early stages of natural cytotoxicity. Unlicensed NK cells did not form as many stable conjugates with target cells. The reduction of NK cell conjugation to target cells was not attributed to altered β<sub>2</sub> integrin LFA-1 properties but was instead due to reduced inside-out signaling to LFA-1 by activating receptors. For those unlicensed NK cells that did form conjugates, LFA-1–dependent granule polarization was similar to that in licensed NK cells. Thus, licensing controls signals as proximal as inside-out signaling by activating receptors but not integrin outside-in signaling for granule polarization.
Opioids and Chronic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Kathleen M. Foley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Chronic neuropathic pain is a serious problem resulting from injury to the central or peripheral nervous system; it affects more than 2 million Americans. Despite advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular biology of neuropathic pain, its clinical management remains disappointing and controversial. Antidepressants and anticonvulsants have been demonstrated to provide analgesia but are effective in less than half of patients half the time.1 Opioid treatment of neuropathic pain is often discouraged, because of concern about ineffectiveness, the potential for the development of tolerance, the risk of addiction, and limiting side effects.2 In this issue of the Journal, . . .
Quality of life for long-term survivors of end-stage renal disease
Authors: E. O. Poznanski
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Eighteen children and adolescents who survived two years or longer in an attempt to manage their end-stage renal failure by transplantation were studied. The psychological adaptation of the young person to this form of management of renal disease was assessed by a semistructured interview of the patient and his parents. Fifty percent of the patients functioned at school or on the job and did not have depression. The remaining half did less well. In our institution a satisfactory quality of life required a successful transplant.
Light blue crest sign, a favorable marker for predicting the severity of gastric atrophy in the entire stomach
Authors: T. Tahara, T. Shibata, M. Nakamura, D. Yoshioka, T. Arisawa, I. Hirata
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Recently, Uedo et al. showed that observation of a light blue crest on the epithelial surface of the gastric mucosa when using narrow band imaging with magnifying endoscopy, is a highly accurate sign of the presence of histological intestinal metaplasia [1]. Since then, intestinal metaplasia has been shown to be a risk factor for developing gastric cancer, especially the intestinal type. We have investigated whether the light blue crest sign could be used as a marker for identifying patients at high risk of developing gastric cancer.
Abstract LB-67: Global DNA methylation in fetal human germ cells and germ cell tumors: correlation with differentiation and cisplatin resistance
Authors: Leendert H.J Looijenga, Hendrik Wermann, Ad Gillis, Friedemann Honecker, Ole Ammerpohl, Julie Richter, Wolter Oosterhuis, Carsten Bokemeyer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Differences in the global methylation pattern, i.e. hyper- as well as hypomethylation, are observed in cancer, including germ cell tumors (GCTs). Related to their precursor cells, GCT methylation status differs according to histology. We investigated the methylation pattern of normal fetal, infantile, and adult germ cells (n=103) and GCTs (n=251) by immunohistochemical staining for 5-mCytidine. The global methylation pattern of male germ cells changes from hypomethylation to hypermethylation, while female germ cells remain unmethylated at all stages. Undifferentiated GCTs (seminomas, carcinoma in situ and gonadoblastomas) are hypomethylated, whereas more differentiated GCTs (teratomas, yolk sac tumors, choriocarcinomas) show a higher degree of methylation. Embryonal carcinomas show an intermediate pattern. Resistance to cisplatin was assessed in the seminomatous cell line TCam-2 before and after demethylation using 5-azacytidine. Exposure to 5-azacytidine resulted in decreased resistance to cisplatin. Furthermore, after demethylation, the stem cell markers NANOG and POU5F1 (OCT3/4), as well as the germ cell specific marker VASA showed increased expression. Upon treatment with 5-azacytidine, TCam-2 cells were analyzed by high throughput methylation screen for changes in methylation sites of 14,000 genes. Among the genes revealing changes, interesting targets were identified, i.e. demethylation of KLF11, a putative tumor suppressor gene, and hypermethylation of CFLAR, a gene previously described in treatment resistance in GCTs. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-67.
Does cot death still exist?
Authors: Jonathan Gornall
Journal: BMJ (2008)

With leading researchers saying smoking and other modifiable factors account for most sudden infant deaths, Jonathan Gornall asks whether it is time to put the diagnosis to bed There are no cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Vanderburgh County, Indiana. "I simply don't believe in SIDS deaths," says chief deputy coroner Annie Groves. "If you do a complete investigation, you will find a cause of death." Coroner Groves's confidence may sit uncomfortably with many professionals in the United Kingdom, where even the use of the word "unascertained" in unexplained infant deaths is frowned upon because it carries "implications that the death may have been the result of neglect or abuse."1 But in America she is not alone in her certainty. The Vanderburgh experience is one of many highlighted by a review of 40 000 infant deaths between 1992 and 2004 that concludes the quality of investigations carried out into sudden infant deaths in America "varies irrationally."2 The nationwide review, conducted by the Scripps Howard News Service, found that the protocol for the investigation of sudden unexpected deaths in infancy launched by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2006 was mandatory in only seven states. In those areas where the protocol was applied, far fewer deaths were ascribed to SIDS and medical examiners and coroners were more willing to conclude that inappropriate parenting was the cause of sudden unexpected deaths in infancy. #### Centers for Disease Control and Prevention protocol for sudden unexpected infant deaths In March 2006 the CDC released an eight page questionnaire based reporting form designed to elicit essential basic information in the investigation of all sudden unexpected infant deaths (www.cdc.gov/SIDS/SUID.htm). The form is designed to be used by whoever interviews the witness (coroner, death scene investigator, police officer, or medical examiner). It includes 79 questions divided into five categories:
An unusual case of palpitations
Authors: S. W Dubrey, S. K Kohli, P. A Mehta, R. Grocott-Mason
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 66 year old white man presented with a three year history of intermittent frequent (daily) palpitations and associated malaise, but no syncope. He was taking no drugs and had no family history of arrhythmia or of unexplained, sudden, or premature death. Clinically he was afebrile, in sinus rhythm at 60 beats/min, had blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, and had normal heart sounds. Serum electrolytes, including magnesium, and haematology and hepatic and thyroid function tests were normal. His electrocardiogram (ECG) is shown in the figure 1⇓. A seven day ECG event recorder showed two episodes (of 16 and 17 hours’ duration) of spontaneous atrial fibrillation at rates of up to 160 beats/min. These episodes coincided with symptoms. Chest x ray and cardiac imaging were entirely normal.
S1P1 expression is controlled by the pro-oxidant activity of p66Shc and is impaired in B-CLL patients with unfavorable prognosis
Authors: Nagaja Capitani, Laura Patrussi, Livio Trentin, Orso Maria Lucherini, Enrica Cannizzaro, Enrica Migliaccio, Federica Frezzato, Cristina Gattazzo, Francesco Forconi, Piergiuseppe Pelicci, Gianpietro Semenzato, Cosima T. Baldari
Journal: Blood (2012)
HIV-1 Assembly: Viral Glycoproteins Segregate Quantally to Lipid Rafts that Associate Individually with HIV-1 Capsids and Virions
Authors: Kwanyee Leung, Jae-Ouk Kim, Lakshmanan Ganesh, Juraj Kabat, Owen Schwartz, Gary J. Nabel
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
LEUCOPLAKIA BUCCALIS AND ORAL EPITHELIAL NAEVI. A CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGIOAL STUDY.*
Authors: B. E. D. COOKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1956)

Journal Article LEUCOPLAKIA BUCCALIS AND ORAL EPITHELIAL NAEVI. A CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGIOAL STUDY. Get access B. E. D. COOKE, F.D.S., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond. B. E. D. COOKE, F.D.S., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond. Department of Dental Medicine, Guy's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 68, Issue 5, 1 May 1956, Pages 151–174, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1956.tb12803.x Published: 01 May 1956
Alexithymia, Anger, and Interpersonal Behavior
Authors: Howard Berenbaum, Stacey Irvin
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

We explored the relationship between alexithymia and interpersonal behavior, particularly the expression of anger.Ninety-eight college students completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. A median split was used to divide participants into a low-alexithymia and a high-alexithymia group. The experimenter intentionally engaged in a series of anger-provoking behaviors.Compared to individuals in the low-alexithymia group, individuals in the high-alexithymia group were more interpersonally avoidant and exhibited more nonverbal anger, yet there was a trend for them to describe their lab experience as more pleasant. Among individuals in the high-alexithymia group, the different measures of anger and interpersonal behavior were less strongly associated than they were among individuals in the low-alexithymia group.The results provide evidence of a complex association between alexithymia and anger, and of the lack of coherence in the communication of individuals with high levels of alexithymia.
Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia: Treatment
Authors: ALAN W. HOPEFL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 May 1975Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia: TreatmentALAN W. HOPEFL, PHARM.D.ALAN W. HOPEFL, PHARM.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-5-722_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent paper by Drs. Lindeman and Papper (Ann Intern Med82:64-70, 1975) deserves correction on several points. A major error in the paper was in dosage of mithramycin, which was incorrectly given as 25 mg/kg body weight, when in reality it is 25 μg/kg body weight (a thousandfold difference). The same error was again made a few lines later when the weekly dosage was given. I would hope that this was a printer's error, but, further, I also do not think that mithramycin should be considered the drug of choice for all hypercalcemia, as hinted at... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Michigan Medical Center Pharmacy Department Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1975Volume 82, Issue 5Page: 722-722KeywordsBody weightDrugsHypercalcemiaHypocalcemia Issue Published: 1 May 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
World Medical Association isolates Netherlands on euthanasia
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A World Medical Association resolution condemning euthanasia as “unethical” and urging all doctors and medical associations to refrain from the practice has prompted the Royal Dutch Medical Association to call for an “honest debate on rational grounds.”

The resolution, which is set to be adopted by next week's annual assembly in Washington, DC, highlights the Netherlands as the only country where national laws have been passed decriminalising mercy …
Dietary factors alter hepatic innate immune system in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhiping Li, Mark J. Soloski, Anna Mae Diehl
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Dietary factors promote obesity and obesity-related disorders, such as fatty liver disease. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are components of the innate immune system that regulate proinflammatory (Th-1) and anti-inflammatory (Th-2) immune responses. Previously, we noted that NKT cells are selectively reduced in the fatty livers of obese, leptin-deficient ob / ob mice and demonstrated that this promotes proinflammatory polarization of hepatic cytokine production, exacerbating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) liver injury in these animals. In the current study, we show that hepatic NKT cells are also depleted by diets that induce obesity and fatty livers in wild-type mice, promoting Th-1 polarization of hepatic cytokine production and sensitization to LPS liver injury despite persistent leptin. Adult male C57BL6 mice fed diets containing high amounts of either fat or sucrose, or combined high-fat, high-sucrose, develop increased hepatic NKT cell apoptosis and reduced liver NKT cells. The hepatic lymphocytes are more Th-1 polarized with increased intracellular interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Mice fed high-fat diets also exhibit more liver injury, reflected by 2-fold greater serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) than control animals after receiving LPS. In conclusion , when otherwise normal mice are fed with high-fat or sucrose diet, they become obese, develop fatty livers, and acquire hepatic innate immune system abnormalities, including increased NKT cell apoptosis. The latter reduces liver NKT cell populations and promotes excessive hepatic production of Th-1 cytokines that promote hepatic inflammation. These diet-induced alterations in the hepatic innate immune system may contribute to obesity-related liver disease. (Hepatology 2005;42:880–885.)
Acute Porphyria
Authors: Jane E. Oltman, Samuel Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

ALTHOUGH the metabolic disease, acute porphyria, has been known for many years, it remains a relatively unfamiliar syndrome to many physicians. Thus far, to our knowledge, there has been no report in the literature concerning the effect of ACTH on this condition.1 In view of these features it was considered desirable to report a case of acute porphyria for which ACTH was administered.Several excellent reviews2 3 4 on porphyria have been published in recent years; accordingly, only a brief résumé of the essential features of this disease is recorded here. The congenital form, which may appear at birth or in early . . .
Allergy to cockroaches in patients with asthma and rhinitis in an urban area (Madrid)
Authors: J. Sastre, M. D. Ibañet, M. Lombardero, M. T. Laso, S. Lehrer
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Previous studies have established that cockroach allergens are important sensitizing agents in the induction of rhinitis and asthma principally in urban areas. This study was undertaken to assess skin test reactivity and specific IgE antibody reactivity to extracts of Periplaneta americana (P.a.), Blattella germanica (B.g.), B. orientalis (B.o.), and a fecal extract of B. germanica (FEB.g.) in a group of patients with rhinitis and asthma living in an urban area in Europe. We examined clinical characteristics and aerollergen sensitivities of 171 consecutive Madrid urban patients with rhinitis and asthma who met the criteria for the study. A comprehensive clinical evaluation was followed by skin prick test with common allergens and saline extracts of P.a., B.g., B.o., and FEB.g. and measurement of serum specific IgE antibody to cockroach extracts. The age of patients ranged from 7 to 68 years (mean 20.4 +/- 16). A total of 153 (90.5%) subjects were atopic and 19 (10%) were considered nonallergic. Pollen sensitivity (66.5%) was most prevalent, distantly followed by sensitivity to cockroach (25.7%), mite (20%), cat (15.5%), Alternaria alternata (14.5%), dog (14%), and food (2%). Skin test reactivity to cockroach extracts was 37 (21.6%) to B.o., 20 (11.6%) to P.a., 19 (11.1%) to B.g. and five (2.9%) to FEB.g. Twenty-one of these patients had rhinitis, 19 rhinitis and asthma, and one only asthma; 26 had perennial symptoms, while 16 had seasonal (spring) symptoms; three (1.7%) patients had only positive prick test to cockroach; all had perennial rhinitis and/or asthma. Eighteen (10.5%) patients had specific serum IgE (RAST 1 or 2) to B.o., 13 (7.6%) to P.a., and six (3.5%) to B.g. Eighty (46.7%) patients had visual evidence of cockroach infestation in their home, mostly B.o.; 31 had positive prick test to cockroach (P < 0.0003). The results indicate that sensitivity to outdoor allergens (pollen) is more prevalent than to indoor allergens. Cockroach sensitization is the most important indoor allergen in our area, and B.o. accounts for most cockroach sensitization.
The Effect of Antilymphocyte Serum on Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis.
Authors: Maurice H. Lessof
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Effect of Antilymphocyte Serum on Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis.Maurice H. Lessof, M.R.C.P., Sidney Leibowitz, M.C. Path.Maurice H. Lessof, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Sidney Leibowitz, M.C. Path.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1141_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOne of the earliest observations in the immunosuppressive effect of antilymphocyte serum (ALS) was the demonstration by Waksman that it would influence the course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the guinea pig. Using an antithymocyte serum we have confirmed the powerful suppressive effects of ALS in this disease. Both the neurological signs and the histological lesions were inhibited by short courses of treatment. Treatment that was started after the onset of paralysis was still effective in some cases. Short courses of treatment gave long-term suppression of the neurological signs despite a heavy cellular infiltration of the brain. This contrasted with... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: London, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1141-1141KeywordsBrainEncephalomyelitisGuinea pigsImmunosuppressivesLesionsParalysis Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Acetylprocainamide Therapy in Patients with Previous Procainamide-Induced Lupus Syndrome
Authors: JEFFREY KLUGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Acetylprocainamide was used to treat 11 patients with previous procainamide-induced lupus syndrome for their cardiac arrhythmias. Three patients from whom procainamide had been withdrawn and whose lupus was in remission did not have a recurrence during a course of acetylprocainamide therapy of a longer average duration than their prior procainamide therapy. Lupus symptoms subsided during treatment in two patients who had symptoms when acetylprocainamide was started. Drug fever developed in one patient, and another had a mild recurrence of lupus symptoms during high-dose acetylprocainamide therapy that regressed with dosage reduction. All patients had small amounts of circulating procainamide from in-vivo deacetylation of acetylprocainamide. These observations strongly support the hypothesis that the aromatic amino group on procainamide is important for induction of the lupus syndrome and that acetylating this amino group blocks the lupus-inducing effect.