tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exercise Blood Pressure and Future Cardiovascular Death in Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Sandra A. Weiss, Roger S. Blumenthal, A. Richey Sharrett, Rita F. Redberg, Samia Mora
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Individuals with exaggerated exercise blood pressure (BP) tend to develop future hypertension. It is controversial whether they have higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and Results— A total of 6578 asymptomatic Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study participants (45% women; mean age, 46 years; 74% with untreated baseline BP &lt;140/90 mm Hg [nonhypertensive]) performing submaximal Bruce treadmill tests were followed for 20 years (385 CVD deaths occurred). Systolic and diastolic BP at rest, Bruce stage 2, and maximal BP during exercise were significantly associated with CVD death. When we compared multivariate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals per 10/5-mm Hg BP increments, the association was strongest for rest BP (systolic, 1.21 [1.14 to 1.27]; diastolic, 1.20 [1.14 to 1.26]), then Bruce stage 2 BP (systolic, 1.09 [1.04 to 1.14]; diastolic, 1.09 [1.05 to 1.13]), then maximal exercise BP (systolic, 1.06 [1.01 to 1.10]; diastolic, 1.04 [1.01 to 1.08]). Overall, exercise BP was not significant after adjustment for rest BP. However, hypertension status modified the risk associated with exercise BP ( P interaction =0.03). Among nonhypertensives, whether they had normal BP (&lt;120/80 mm Hg) or prehypertension, Bruce stage 2 BP &gt;180/90 versus ≤180/90 mm Hg carried increased risk independent of rest BP and risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio for systolic, 1.96 [1.40 to 2.74], P &lt;0.001; diastolic, 1.48 [1.06 to 2.06], P =0.02) and added predictive value (net reclassification improvement, systolic, 12.0% [−0.1% to 24.2%]; diastolic, 9.9% [−0.3% to 20.0%]; relative integrated discrimination improvement, 14.3% and 12.0%, respectively). Conclusions— In asymptomatic individuals, elevated exercise BP carried higher risk of CVD death but became nonsignificant after accounting for rest BP. However, Bruce stage 2 BP &gt;180/90 mm Hg identified nonhypertensive individuals at higher risk of CVD death.
Thyroid Hormone Binding by Human Serum Prealbumin (TBPA). ELECTROPHORETIC STUDIES OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE-TBPA INTERACTION
Authors: Paul J. Davis, Barry S. Handwerger, Robert I. Gregerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) in normal human serum has been shown in a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system to bind 7-9% of tracer level purified [125I]triiodothyronine (T3), and more than 30% of T3 in serum deficient in thyroxinebinding globulin (TBG). The T3-TBPA interaction has been confirmed at pH 9.0 and pH 7.4 in this electrophoretic demonstration of TBPA binding of T3 in serum. Purified human TBPA has also been shown to bind T3. Progressive additions of unlabeled thyroxine (T4) to serum containing tracer [125I]T3 displace T3 from TBG, its principal carrier, to TBPA and albumin; however, T4 loading does not lead to significant T3 displacement from TBPA even at T4 levels known to saturate TBPA. Loading of serum with unlabeled T3 results in displacement of more than 50% of [125I]T3 from TBPA, as well as from TBG, to albumin. Studies carried out with serum containing diphenylhydantoin (DPH) or MK-185, known inhibitors of T4 binding by TBG, also showed T3 displacement from TBG to TBPA and albumin. Although salicylate and tetraiodothyroacetic acid (TETRAC) displace T4 from sites on TBPA, they have only minimal effects on T3-TBPA interaction.
The chartered patient and the damaged doctor
Authors: S. Eisenstein
Journal: BMJ (1996)

What's up Doc? Has it really come to this? Doctors becoming patients in large numbers, and all stress related? Is the nation's health in the custody of a tribe of wimps? Stress of some degree some of the time is part of life in any line of medicine, but this is something more. We live in an age of medical activism which has severely distorted the traditional relationship between doctor and patient. A lot of what is up, Doc, is that there are three in the bed, and one of these is neither the patient nor the doctor.

The traditional relationship, taught to me as recently as the early 1960s, required an individual patient to make a positive decision to seek medical advice. The patient would never have been sought out, importuned, or bribed to visit the doctor. The arrival of an individual at the door of the doctor of his or her choice created a professional relationship and an unspoken contract whereby the individual vested in the doctor a degree of ownership of his or her medical problem and created a set of obligations on the part of the doctor. There was no perception that any individual had an obligation to become a patient, and good health was not considered a right, but more likely the blessing of good fortune. Failure of treatment would have been considered bad luck, rather than incompetence and bad faith on the …
The Palliation and Remission of Cancer with Combined Corticosteroid and Nitrogen Mustard Therapy
Authors: William D. McCarthy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ONE of the most formidable medical problems today is the grave plight of patients with advanced cancer for whom cure is impossible, remission improbable and palliation unlikely. The tragedy stems not only from the impossibility of cure but also from the inability of medical science to grant even the minimal request for palliation of symptoms. In an era of unparalleled medical advances, it is recurrently evident that little progress has been realized in the definitive palliation of terminal cancer. As in the past, the majority of patients face the prospect of prolonged, demoralizing pain of a degree unequaled in any . . .
Is There a Lower Limit of Pretreatment Pulmonary Function for Safe and Effective Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Matthias Guckenberger, Larry L. Kestin, Andrew J. Hope, Jose Belderbos, Maria Werner-Wasik, Di Yan, Jan-Jakob Sonke, Jean Pierre Bissonnette, Juergen Wilbert, Ying Xiao, Inga S. Grills
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Electrophysiological and receptor binding studies to assess activation of the cardiac adenosine receptor by adenine nucleotides.
Authors: E Ragazzi, S N Wu, J Shryock, L Belardinelli
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Adenosine and adenine nucleotides shorten the action potential duration of atrial myocytes and activate a specific acetylcholine and adenosine receptor-operated potassium outward current referred to as IKACh,Ado. The objective of this study was to determine whether adenine nucleotides shorten the action potential duration and increase IKACh,Ado in guinea pig atrial myocytes by directly activating adenosine receptors. The potency and efficacy of AMP and adenosine in increasing IKACh,Ado and shortening atrial action potential duration were similar; the EC50 values for AMP and adenosine were 3.4 +/- 0.8 and 3.1 +/- 0.4 microM, respectively. Likewise, the maximum increases in IKACh,Ado caused by AMP and adenosine were similar (122 +/- 11% versus 123 +/- 9%). In comparison, ATP and the stable analogue of AMP, adenosine monophosphorothioate (AMPS), were significantly less potent and efficacious than adenosine and AMP, and adenosine receptor antagonist 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline and abolished in the presence of adenosine deaminase and alpha, beta-methylene-ADP (APCP, an inhibitor of AMP degradation). Binding of the A1-adenosine antagonist [3H]8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) to guinea pig atrial membranes treated with adenosine deaminase and APCP was reduced up to 60% by 100 microM concentrations of AMP, AMPS, and adenosine. Inosine inhibited binding by 43 +/- 3% at 100 microM, whereas hypoxanthine and xanthine had little (5-10% inhibition) and uric acid had no effect. Only 3% of AMP and 35% of AMPS were recovered intact after a 90-minute incubation at 21 degrees C with preparations of guinea pig atrial membranes. Percent displacement of [3H]DPCPX binding to atrial membranes by 100 microM AMP was significantly less in the presence of nucleoside phosphorylase and xanthine oxidase (to degrade inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine to uric acid) than in their absence (12.4 +/- 3.1% versus 49.7 +/- 1.5%). The results suggest that the observed electrophysiological actions of adenine nucleotides in cardiomyocytes are mediated by adenosine and are consistent with activation of A1-adenosine receptors.
Authors' reply on Cochrane reviews <i>v</i> industry supported meta-analyses
Authors: Anders W Jørgensen, Peter C Gøtzsche, Jørgen Hilden
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Tostad and Deeks are concerned about the impact of space restrictions on our findings.1 2 3 Firstly, we believe space restrictions should not be an excuse for omitting important details on the methods used, as it is the authors who decide what to report within any given space, and as many journals allow additional material on the web. Secondly, our research reflects what is …
P705Downregulation of vascular smooth muscle GRK2 expression promotes functional and biochemical alterations in a mouse model of hypertension
Authors: E Tutunea-Fatan, R Gros, F Caetano, S Ferguson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are signaling proteins that regulate a variety of cardiovascular functions including vascular tone. GPCR kinase 2 (GRK2) modulates multiple cellular responses through GPCR desensitization and downregulation and alterations in GRK2 expression and activity have been associated with hypertension. To define the mechanism mediating the vascular effects of GRK2, we have created a transgenic mouse strain of decreased GRK2 expression and its vascular profile was assessed at functional and cellular levels.

Methods: To derive a line of viable mouse model, small hairpin interfering RNA (shRNA) involving a U6 mouse polymerase III promoter as a transgene was used to universally knockdown, but not knockout the GRK2 protein expression in vivo. The cardiovascular function of shGRK2 transgenic mice was evaluated by means of CODA tail-cuff blood pressure monitoring system. To measure alterations at the cellular level, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived from GRK2 knockdown and age-matched C57Bl/6 mice were isolated from murine aortas by enzymatic digestion, maintained in primary cultures and then subjected to biochemical and functional assays.

Results: We observed that shGRK2 transgenic mice became spontaneously hypertensive at three months of age when compared to wild-type controls (150/120 ± 6/7 vs. 103/73 ± 5/4 mmHg, p < 0.05). Moreover, blood pressure and myogenic tone in response to phenylephrine were found exaggerated in three-month old shGRK2 transgenic mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that the reduced GRK2 expression in VSMCs may lead to a selective sensitization of GPCR/Gαq/11 protein-mediated signal transduction that underlies the hypertensive phenotype of shGRK2 transgenic mice. Since Ca2+ mobilization is a downstream effector of Gαq/11 signaling, intracellular Ca2+ was measured by Fura-2 fluorescent imaging analysis in response to different agonists and a four-fold increase was noticed (n = 12, p < 0.001). To analyze the functional responses of shGRK2-VSMCs, a transwell migration assay was performed and a two-fold increase in the number of migrated cells was observed (n = 3, p < 0.005). Furthermore, a two-fold increase in the proliferation rate of shGRK2-VSMCs (BrdU uptake) was noticed (n = 4, p < 0.0003). We also observed a predominant activation in ERK1/2 phosphorylation for Gαq/11-mediated signaling in shGRK2-VSMCs.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that Gαq/11-mediated pathway is impaired in shGRK2-VSMCs and thus constitutes a mechanism that is potentially responsible for the hypertensive phenotype of shGRK2 transgenic mice.
Coronary-Artery Spasm
Authors: L. David Hillis, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

OVER the past several years coronary-artery spasm, superimposed on either fixed arteriosclerotic coronary-artery disease or radiographically normal coronary arteries, has been shown clearly to be the cause of Prinzmetal's variant angina. More recently, some reports have attempted to incriminate coronary-artery spasm as a contributing factor to typical angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. Thus, coronary-artery spasm may have a far more important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease than was previously thought possible. Since substantial new information has become available from a variety of investigations during the past few years, it seems appropriate to review the role of Coronary . . .
Hospital Charges for Laparoscopic and Open Cholecystectomy-Reply
Authors: Robert J. Fitzgibbons
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  —My comments concerning the hospital charges for laparoscopic cholecystectomy vs conventional open cholecystectomy were based on an analysis of the first 200 laparoscopic cholecystectomies that I performed at the Creighton University Affiliated Hospitals in Omaha, Neb. Fourteen patients were excluded from the cost analysis because they required either common bile-duct manipulation (six patients) or because they were converted to open cholecystectomy (eight patients). The average hospital charge for the remaining 186 patients was $6750. In comparison, all patients who underwent open, conventional cholecystectomies, with or without operative cholangiography, without common bile-duct exploration at Creighton University's major teaching hospital in 1988 were analyzed. The average hospital charge for an open cholecystectomy in 1988 dollars adjusted to 1989 for inflation was $7069.  Dr Jordan has performed a thoughtful and careful study for which he is to be congratulated, although the group was small. As the medical director for an insurance
CONTRIBUTIONS FOR BELGIAN AND FRENCH PHYSICIANS
Authors: W. W. Keen
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It is with great pleasure that I acknowledge additional contributions by medical and nonmedical donors of money and instruments for the rehabilitation of the civilian doctors of Belgium and France so they can gradually go back to their desolate and looted homes when the Germans (thank heaven) have been driven out. I feel that it is especially proper to note the gifts of several nonmedical friends whose sympathies have been so generously expressed. Dr. Solomon Hyman of San Franciso took the trouble to reprint the appeal which I had published inThe Journal, and appended an appeal of his own and sent the document to the profession in San Francisco. Dr. Hyman also collected a large number of instruments from the profession in San Francisco. These were generously packed by Percy J. Myer &amp; Co., the instrument makers in San Francisco. The large case was forwarded to
Validation of flow cytometric phospho-STAT5 as a diagnostic tool for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: D Hasegawa, C Bugarin, M Giordan, S Bresolin, D Longoni, C Micalizzi, U Ramenghi, A Bertaina, G Basso, F Locatelli, A Biondi, G te Kronnie, G Gaipa
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

To diagnose juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is sometimes challenging, because around 10% of patients lack molecular abnormalities affecting Ras-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway and other diseases such as cytomegalovirus infection can mimic clinical signs of JMML. In order to validate a phospho-specific flow cytometry assay assessing phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 5 (p-STAT5) as a new diagnostic tool for JMML, we examined 22 samples from children with JMML and 47 controls. CD33+/CD34+ cells from 22 patients with JMML showed hyperphosphorylation of STAT5 induced by sub-saturating doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Using a training set of samples (11 JMML and 23 controls), we identified a threshold for p-STAT5-positive after stimulation with 0.1 ng/ml GM-CSF (17.17%) that discriminates JMML from controls. This threshold was validated in an independent series (11 JMML, 24 controls and 7 cases with diseases other than JMML) where we demonstrated that patients with JMML could be distinguished from other subjects with a sensitivity of 91% (confidence interval (CI) 59–100%) and a specificity of 87% (CI 70–96%). Positive and negative predictive values were 71% (CI 42–92%) and 96% (CI 82–100%), respectively. In conclusion, flow cytometric p-STAT5 profiling is a reliable diagnostic tool for identifying patients with JMML and can contribute to consistency of current diagnostic criteria.
Female Cybercadaver Goes On-line; Male Counterpart Gets a Workout
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

ONE YEAR after his debut on the Internet, the Visible Human Male met more than his match when the Visible Human Female was unveiled at the 81st Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America in Chicago, Ill. Her debut marked the completion of the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) Visible Human Project and showed how rapidly the technology used to create these cyberspace cadavers is advancing. The Visible Human Male and Female are databases consisting of billions of bytes of data that represent thousands of images of two human cadavers. The images were created using radiological and photographic techniques developed at the University of Colorado School of Medicine's Center for Human Simulation, Denver (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:273-275). Clinicians, researchers, educators, and other users can download the virtual cadavers from the Internet. Even though her partner had a good head start, the Visible Human Female already is outshining
Attenuated Familial Adenomatosis Polyposis
Authors: Robert Chen, Lisen Axell, Catherine Klein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

seven of 60) with no apparent APC germline mutation.All seven patients had the classical FAP phenotype.Another group 5 was also able to detect large deletions on APC genes in 15% of the mutationnegative classical FAP patients.Interestingly, neither Michils et al 5 or Sieber et al 4 found any whole-gene deletions in their AFAP patients.Some authors 6 previously reported a case where the patient had AFAP phenotype but had an entire exon 15 deletion.Some other authors 7 reported an AFAP patient who had the entire gene deletion based on cytogenetics.Our case confirms this report and provides further evidence that conventional mutation-detection techniques can be misleading in AFAP patients.In addition, this is the first case of AFAP associated with a renal cell carcinoma.This case also emphasizes the point that patients carrying the same germline mutation can have highly different presentations of the disease because the patient's phenotype is drastically different from that of her family members.
Problems of selection and phytogeny, terms and methods of behaviorism
Authors: A. Charles Catania
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1984)

We have had a grand tour of operant behaviorism ranging over evolutionary time and the breadth of human cultures. It has included both verbal and nonverbal behavior, and it has visited both their public and their private domains. To test my understanding of some of the issues discussed and to offer what I hope will be constructive contributions to the treatments, I here address to Professor Skinner several questions and comments on some of the topics stopped at along the way (I will treat his responses as my souvenirs of the trip).
High-Density Lipoproteins as an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Daniel J. Rader
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SIR CHARLES S. SHERRINGTON
Authors: Austin Lamont
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In an editorial on Fernel inThe Journal, April 23, page 1938, reference is made to "Sir Charles S. Sherrington of Cambridge." Is this about the same as referring to "Walter B. Cannon of Yale"? Sherrington was professor at Oxford, Cannon at Harvard. Singer's "Short History" (1928) speaks of Sherrington of Oxford (p. 309). Fulton's "Selected Readings" (1930) speaks of Sherrington at Oxford (p. 284). Actually, he did much of his work at Liverpool, however; perhaps we should not confine such a distinguished man to any one town.
A New Problem From Obesity
Authors: Richard A. Kirkpatrick
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, I was thwarted again by obesity, but in a new and novel way that ought to be reported to your readers. A 39-year-old woman complained bitterly for months of right upper quadrant and right lower quadrant pain (it was difficult to tell where the quadrants began and ended). In addition, she had intermittent but well-documented rectal bleeding. Extensive gastrointestinal and other diagnostic measures had failed to show a cause for either symptom. Several sets of complete gastrointestinal contrast examinations at various institutions were normal. Proctoscopic evaluations performed 15 minutes before and 30 minutes after a bleeding episode—and even two Meckel scans—were also unrevealing. Cholecystography and excretory urography were normal. Sedimentation rates remained elevated throughout, but hemoglobin levels, WBC counts, and chemistry screening batteries were unremarkable. Repeated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) tests were either misplaced or malprocessed. Finally, in desperation, I sent the patient to the
Bariatric surgery associated with percutaneous auricular vagal stimulation: A new prospective treatment on weight loss
Authors: Radwan Kassir, Jean-Claude Barthelemy, Fréderic Roche, Pierre Blanc, Paul Zufferey, Bogdan Galusca, Jean-Luc Perrot, Arnaud Garcin, David Charier, Olivier Tiffet
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)