tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3084: Early Treatment with Simvastatin in Myocardial Infarction to Reduce the Levels of Multiple Inflammatory Markers in 6-Month Follow-up. FLAME Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Wojciech Wojakowski, Katarzyna Maslankiewicz, Andrzej Ochala, Andrzej Pyrlik, Joanna Ciosek, Pawel Wieja, Maciej Kazmierski, Michal Tendera
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The elevated levels of inflammatory markers have prognostic value in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The use of statins was shown to inhibit the inflammatory response and improve outcome in...
A Multifunctional Lentiviral-Based Gene Knockdown with Concurrent Rescue that Controls for Off-Target Effects of RNAi
Authors: Yunfeng Feng, Linghu Nie, Meghna Das Thakur, Qin Su, Zhenfen Chi, Yongliang Zhao, Gregory D. Longmore
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2010)

Abstract The efficient, stable delivery of siRNA into cells, and the appropriate controls for non-specific off-target effects of siRNA are major limitations to functional studies using siRNA technology. To overcome these drawbacks, we have developed a single lentiviral vector that can concurrently deplete endogenous gene expression while expressing an epitope-tagged siRNA-resistant target gene in the same cell. To demonstrate the functional utility of this system, we performed RNAi-depleted α-actinin-1 (α-ACTN1) expression in human T cells. α-ACTN1 RNAi resulted in inhibited chemotaxis to SDF-1α, but it can be completely rescued by concurrent expression of RNAi-resistant α-ACTN1 (rr-α-ACTN1) in the same cell. The presence of a GFP tag on rr-α-ACTN1 allowed for detection of appropriate subcellular localization of rr-α-ACTN1. This system provides not only an internal control for RNAi off-target effects, but also the potential tool for rapid structure-function analyses and gene therapy.
TRYPARSAMIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF GENERAL PARALYSIS
Authors: SAMUEL B. HADDEN
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Tryparsamide, a drug perfected by Jacobs and Heidelberger 1 of the Rockefeller Foundation for the treatment of trypanosomiasis, was early suggested for use in syphilis, especially neurosyphilis. Those who first employed it soon discovered its inefficiency in the treatment of early syphilis, so that its use now is practically confined to trypanosomiasis, neurosyphilis and, by a few men, in states of lowered nutrition due to syphilis or other diseases.  The properties and the results of its experimental and early clinical use in trypanosomiasis were first reported by Brown and Pearce. 2 Tryparsamide is a crystalline atoxyl derivative and a derivative of pentavalent arsenic. Experimentally, 3 it was shown to be much less toxic than the drugs ordinarily used in the treatment of neurosyphilis, and in addition it has little cumulative action, although the margin of safety is narrow. The difference between a lethal and a toxic dose is small, but
Natural deaths of road users.
Authors: D. W. Eadington, B. M. Frier
Journal: BMJ (1988)

This letter commented upon the evidence that diabetic drivers do not constitute an excess danger to other road users, which was provided in the survey of deaths of road users from natural causes (see IRRD 817227). Further evidence to vindicate diabetic drivers was also provided from a survey in Edinburgh of a cohort of 250 insulin treated diabetic drivers from 1979 to 1987. This survey showed that diabetic drivers have no apparent excess risk of road traffic accidents when compared with the non-diabetic population. During the period of the survey some diabetic drivers suffered road traffic accidents attributable to hypoglycaemia, but no loss of life resulted. Only one person was killed in a road traffic accident, which occurred while he was cycling. Twenty four patients stopped driving, 13 of them for reasons related to their diabetes. In only one case had the licencing authority used its powers to revoke a licence. This suggested that most diabetic drivers recognised and responded responsibly to a deterioration in their health that might affect their driving ability.
Role of Microvolt T-Wave Alternans in Assessment of Arrhythmia Vulnerability Among Patients With Heart Failure and Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Michael R. Gold, John H. Ip, Otto Costantini, Jeanne E. Poole, Steven McNulty, Daniel B. Mark, Kerry L. Lee, Gust H. Bardy
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Sudden cardiac death remains a leading cause of mortality despite advances in medical treatment for the prevention of ischemic heart disease and heart failure. Recent studies showed a benefit of implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation, but appropriate shocks for ventricular tachyarrhythmias were noted only in a minority of patients during 4 to 5 years of follow-up. Accordingly, better risk stratification is needed to optimize patient selection. In this regard, microvolt T-wave alternans (TWA) has emerged as a potentially useful measure of arrhythmia vulnerability, but it has not been evaluated previously in a prospective, randomized trial of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy. Methods and Results— This investigation was a prospective substudy of the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD-HeFT) that included 490 patients at 37 clinical sites. TWA tests were classified by blinded readers as positive (37%), negative (22%), or indeterminate (41%) by standard criteria. The composite primary end point was the first occurrence of any of the following events: sudden cardiac death, sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, or appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge. During a median follow-up of 30 months, no significant differences in event rates were found between TWA-positive or -negative patients (hazard ratio 1.24, 95% confidence interval 0.60 to 2.59, P =0.56) or TWA-negative and nonnegative (positive and indeterminate) subjects (hazard ratio 1.28, 95% confidence interval 0.65 to 2.53, P =0.46). Similar results were obtained with the inclusion or exclusion of patients randomized to amiodarone in the analyses. Conclusions— TWA testing did not predict arrhythmic events or mortality in SCD-HeFT, although a small reduction in events (20% to 25%) among TWA-negative patients cannot be excluded given the sample size of this study. Accordingly, these results suggest that TWA is not useful as an aid in clinical decision making on implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy among patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Rehabilitation and Causes of Premature Mortality in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: W. Shane Journeay, Shannon L. MacDonald, Mark T. Bayley
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Molecular and functional analysis of tumor-suppressor genes by transfection.
Authors: R Schäfer, J Iyer, E Iten, A C Nirkko, J Balmer, R Klemenz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The transformed and tumorigenic phenotype of H-ras transfected rat FE-8 cells can be suppressed by cell fusion with normal rat embryo fibroblasts. Transfection into FE-8 cells of DNA prepared from normal human placenta followed by selective elimination of tumorigenic transfected cell clones resulted in the isolation of phenotypically normal revertants. These cells exhibited a fibroblastlike, normal morphology; were anchorage-dependent; and were unable to proliferate in medium with reduced serum concentrations. Their tumorigenicity was also reduced. The suppressed phenotype has been transferred in a second transfection cycle. Human repetitive DNA sequences were detected in secondary transfectant DNA. A putative human suppressor gene, designated NTS-1, has been molecularly cloned. Reintroduction of cloned NTS-1 sequences into FE-8 cells resulted in suppression of the neoplastic phenotype in spite of a high ras expression.
A novel type of encephalopathy associated with mushroom Sugihiratake ingestion in patients with chronic kidney diseases
Authors: Fumitake Gejyo, Noriyuki Homma, Noboru Higuchi, Ken Ataka, Tomoko Teramura, Bassam Alchi, Yukio Suzuki, Schinichi Nishi, Ichiei Narita
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Potential Benefit of an Agonistic Anti IGFIR Antibody (scFv-Fc) as an Effective Breast Cancer Therapy.
Authors: X. Zhang, D. Yee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Multiple monoclonal antibodies targeting the type-1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFIR) are currently in different phases of clinical trials. All the reported antibodies inhibit biochemical activation of IGFIR and block cell proliferation. In contrast, we have reported an agonistic anti-IGFIR antibody scFv-Fc that stimulates IGFIR and its downstream signaling of PI3K and MAPK pathways to promote cell proliferation in vitro. Like the purely antagonistic antibodies, our previous work has shown that scFv-Fc can down regulate IGFIR levels, partially inhibit xenograft growth of MCF-7 cells in athymic mice, and render MCF-7 cells refractory to the mitogenic effects of IGF-I after the initial wave of agonistic activity. MCF-7 cells maintained long term in scFv-Fc have low levels of IGFIR expression, yet the remaining receptor is activated and inhibited by an IGFIR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) AEW541. In this study, we have further explored the future potential of using this antibody as breast cancer therapy. The common characteristic effect of anti-IGFIR antibodies is to down regulate IGFIR. Since scFv-Fc can activate IGFIR signaling in a manner different than the natural ligand IGF-I, we examined if this antibody could render cells more sensitive to TKI. In MCF-7 cells, IC50 of the IGF1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEW541 was decreased 5 to 10 fold when cultured in scFv-Fc. ER negative MDA-MB-231 cells are insensitive to both inhibitory antibody (AVE1642) and TKI (AEW541) in the presence or absence of IGF-I, which may due to the very low levels of IGF1R that are weakly activated by IGF-I. MDA-MB-231 cells were not affected by AEW541 in monolayer growth assays. After chronic treatment of MDA-MB-231 with scFv-Fc for 2 months, AEW541 significantly inhibited monolayer cell growth by 30% in the presence or absence of IGF-I. We also examined the effect of scFv-Fc's effect on AEW541 inhibition of cell motility in MDA-MB-231 cells. Both acute and chronic treatment of scFv-Fc dramatically inhibited cell migration by 90%.Inhibitory antibodies AVE 1642 and MK 0646 had no effect on cell migration. Both IGF-I and excess amounts of AVE 1642/MK 0646 did not reverse scFv-Fc inhibition on cell migration, suggesting other cell signaling system may be involved. In MDA231-BO, a metastatic variant of MDA-MB-231, scFv-Fc had less inhibitory effect on basal cell migration, but in combination of AEW541 treatment, cell migration was significantly decreased by 70%. In conclusion, our data suggests an antibody with agonistic activity may have different properties than purely inhibitory antibodies. Specifically, initiating biochemical signaling followed by inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity and receptor downregulation may be a potent way to disrupt IGF mediated breast cancer cell biology. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3125.
Competition can bring benefits for the NHS--provided it's the right kind, meeting hears
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Competition has a role to play in improving NHS services, widening choice, and slowing the growth of spending, a breakfast meeting at the King’s Fund was told on 4 May. 

The success of competition, however, depends on choosing the right forms of competition, so as to avoid driving out collaboration, said Chris Ham, chief executive of the fund. He distinguished between competition for the market, where different providers compete to win a franchise to run a particular service, and competition in the market, where patients are given a choice of providers and choose which to them seems best.

Stephen Dunn, director of strategy for NHS East of England, gave examples from his region, where tight management and being “very tough” with providers has turned a £300m (€332m; $495m) deficit in 2006 into a £200m …
Complement fixing hepatitis B core antigen immune complexes in the liver of patients with HBs antigen positive chronic disease.
Authors: M Rizzetto, F Bonino, O Crivelli, M G Canese, G Verme
Journal: Gut (1976)

One hundred and fifty-two biopsies from serologically HBsAg positive and negative patients with liver disease were studied in immunofluorescence: for the presence of the surface (HBs) and the core (HBc) antigenic determinants foeterminants of the hepatitis B virus, of immunoglobulins and complement (C) deposits, and for the capacity to fix human C. Circumstantial evidence is presented suggesting that HBc immune-complexes are a relevant feature in the establishment and progression of chronic HBSAg liver disease. C fixation by liver cells was shown in all HBC positive patients with chronic hepatitis; an active form was present in every case, except two with a persistent hepatitis, an inverse ratio of HBc to C binding fluorescence being noted between active chronic hepatitis and cirrhotic patients. HBc without C fixation was observed in only three patients in the incubation phase of infectious hepatitis. IgG deposits were often found in HBc containing, C fixing nuclei. No C binding or IgG deposits were observed in acute self-limited type B hepatitis, in serologically positive patients with normal liver or minimal histological lesions, with and without HBs cytoplasmic fluorescence in their biopsy, or in serologically negative individuals.
Statins and Cancer Risk
Authors: Krista M. Dale, Craig I. Coleman, Nickole N. Henyan, Jeffrey Kluger, C. Michael White
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Statins are cholesterol-lowering drugs that have been proven in randomized controlled trials to prevent cardiac events. Recent retrospective analyses have suggested that statins also prevent cancer.To investigate the effect of statin therapy on cancer incidence and cancer death and to analyze the effect of statins on specific cancers and the effect of statin lipophilicity or derivation.A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, CANCERLIT, and the Cochrane Systematic Review Database through July 2005 was conducted using specific search terms. A review of cardiology and cancer abstracts and manual review of references was also performed.Twenty-seven of the 8943 articles (n = 86,936 participants) initially identified met the inclusion criteria, reporting 26 randomized controlled trials of statins, with a mean duration of follow-up of at least 1 year, enrolling a minimum of 100 patients, and reporting data on either cancer incidence (n = 20 studies) or cancer death (n = 22 studies).All data were independently extracted by 3 investigators using a standardized data abstraction tool. Weighted averages were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird methods). Statistical heterogeneity scores were assessed with the Q statistic.In meta-analyses including 6662 incident cancers and 2407 cancer deaths, statins did not reduce the incidence of cancer (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.97-1.07) or cancer deaths (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93-1.09). No reductions were noted for any individual cancer type. This null effect on cancer incidence persisted when only hydrophilic, lipophilic, naturally derived, or synthetically derived statins were evaluated.Statins have a neutral effect on cancer and cancer death risk in randomized controlled trials. We found that no type of cancer was affected by statin use and no subtype of statin affected the risk of cancer.
THE VITAMIN B COMPLEX
Authors: R. A. Peters
Journal: BMJ (1936)

It should be emphasized that research with controlled experiments upon animals is our only chance of making real and basic progress in nutritional problems.Such research in many laboratories has shown that at least six entities compose the vitamin B complex, which can be described as follows:Vitamin B, (aneurin or torulinl) Vitamin B 2/ lactoflavin' \ vitamin B,7 (rat anti-dermatitis)Vitamin B33 and B,5 (including the chicken anti- pellagra factor8)Vitamin B44 (position at present obscure)Human anti-pellagra, P.P. Dog black tongue factorPigeon heart-block factor Bios and growth factors for micro-organisms Of these, vitamin B1 (also known as aneurin and torulin), lactoflavin, and vitamin B, have been defined
NEUROMA OF THE LEFT MEDIAN NERVE
Authors: W. E. Image
Journal: BMJ (1854)

n I&LC C-XAO a sit h fhot.The mUrm may Ie dul and muffd req the presr of the e to eici its distinct c ter. IX is limid trnvl to e seant of the da, aud -oted more exsiy blow than above that spot, rW sometmes it s alone audible.Dr. Walsho men- tions, and this I have also had an opportunity of veri- fSIn, that in some istances systolic murmur is audible in theiuclining,when iudiblein the erect posture; and again, as already stated, tat in other cases no murmur whatever can be detected in any posture.Lastly, the aneurismal sound is udible over the heart.The general symptoms of ventral aortic aneurism, when tken lr se, are extremely vague and perplexing.The Toel, m its paage through thfe abdomen, being closely embraced by filaments from the solar plexus and other uterves, the neuralgic sufferings are often very intense.The seat of the pain, often intermittent in charcter, is,of -ourse influenced by the locality of the sac; it is especially sever in the loins, lancinating upwards and in front to the hypochondriac and abdominal regions, and below, to the sticles and lower extremities, which maybecome contracted on 14 August
Demonstration and characterization of specific binding sites for factor VIII/von Willebrand factor on human platelets.
Authors: K J Kao, S V Pizzo, P A McKee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The presence of specific Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (FVIII/vWF) binding sites on human platelets has been demonstrated by using 125I-FVIII/vWF and washed human platelets. Binding is ristocetin-dependent and increases in proportion to the concentration of ristocetin from 0.2 to 1 mg/ml. Binding of 125I-FVIII/vWF to platelets can be competitively inhibited by unlabeled human or bovine FVIII/vWF, but not by human thrombin, fibrinogen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, equine collagen, or a lectin of Ricinus communis. Scatchard analysis of binding data indicated that the dissociation constant of FVIII/vWF receptors is 0.45--0.5 nM. There are 31,000 binding sites per platelet at 1 mg/ml of ristocetin concentration. The optimal pH range for binding is from 7.0 to 7.5. At a concentration of 2 mM, EGTA inhibits 86% of the binding; however, 20 mM of Ca++, Mg++, or EDTA have little effect. Binding sites for FVIII/vWF were found only on platelets, and no significant binding was detected with human erythrocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Human rheumatoid factors bear the internal image of the Fc binding region of staphylococcal protein A.
Authors: I R Oppliger, F A Nardella, G C Stone, M Mannik
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

The binding specificity of rheumatoid factors (RFs) to human Fc resembles that of some microbial Fc-binding proteins, suggesting conformational similarities in their Fc-binding regions. Using polyclonal chicken antibodies against SPA, we have detected a crossreactive determinant shared by human RFs from different individuals, but not by non-RF IgM and IgG. Chicken anti-SPA was shown to bind to 18 of 19 IgM RFs and 2 of 2 IgG RFs isolated from different individuals. This binding was inhibitable with SPA, fragment D of SPA, human IgG, and Fc fragment of IgG. The binding site for RF was located on the Fab' fragment of chicken anti-SPA. The antigenic mimicry of RFs by a protein of microbial origin suggests that the immune response to infectious agents could induce or modulate RF production through an internal image autoantiidiotype mechanism.
Rectal Pain-Reply
Authors: Heidi Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> We agree with the response from Drs Day and Day, which supplements our recommendations for a patient with persistent rectal pain. When conventional and sometimes unconventional recommendations are unsuccessful in relieving discomfort, referral to a specialist interested in pain management should be undertaken. There is little doubt that some patients benefit greatly from prudently performed anesthetic blocks. Indeed, pain management specialists are of great help in particularly difficult pain management problems.
Drugs in Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: A. H. Douthwaite
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Much has been written during the last quarter of a century on dietetic control of duodenal ulceration, whereas the rational use of drugs has been to a great extent ignored.It is on the latter therapeutic measure that I present the following observations.Belladonna The use of belladonna in the treatment of duodenal ulcer has been practised widely for 25 years.Experiments on animals, and later on human beings, led to the belief that the drug.caused a considerable reduction in acid out- put by virtue of.a paralysing action on the vagal nerve- endings.Thus Bennett (1922) emphasized the value in this respect of washing the stomach with a dilute solution of atropine before meals.It soon became standard prac- tice to give belladonna or atropine, usually 5 minims (0.3 ml.) of tincture of belladonna before alternate two- hourly feeds (Ryle, 1923) and 1/100 gr. (0.65 mg.) of atropine sulphate hypodermically at night.Ryle stated that belladonna given in this way would cause dry mouth, relaxation of the pylorus and thus reflux of duodenal con- tents, and modification of the gastric acidity more than that produced by alkali.Schick (1910) declared that its chief value lay in overcoming pylorospasm, and Crohn (1918) refers to the transient and poor effects of atropine on gastric acidity.No serious criticism of the use of belladonna as an acid depressant arose until in 1938 Davidson and Nicol com- municated to a meeting of the Gastro-Enterological Club the results of experiments which showed that even toxic doses of atropine had no constant or marked influence on gastric acidity.Later Nicol (1939) published a paper reiterating that atropine failed to influence gastric secretion and that its value lay in its antispasmodic action.