tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-02-08: MRI in predicting pathological response of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Correlation with tumor size and morphology changes
Authors: O Woo, JH Seo, DS Yang, WY Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract PURPOSE Contrast enhanced MR imaging is widely used to monitor the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients. The objectives of the study are 1) to assess the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) according to molecular biomarker status using MRI, 2) to evaluation of changes in morphological variation, and 3) to compare MR imaging-pathological size discrepancy depending on molecular biomarker status. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between May 2007 and March 2012, a total of 47 patients (age range, 34-65 years; mean age, 48 years) underwent NAC prior to surgery. Among them, 34 patients who performed MRI before and after NAC were enrolled. The extent of the lesion is measured by longest diameter. The response to NAC was calculated as reduction rate between pre NAC MRI and post NAC MRI. Histological grading system - Miller and Payne grade - was also recorded. Patients were divided into subgroups based on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), hormone receptors (HRs), and the proliferation marker Ki-67 status. The morphologic changes were classified into 1) concentric reduction, 2) fragmentation, 3) non-mass like, and 4) architectural distortion. RESULTS Total of 34 lesions from 34 patients were included. Among them, 12 lesions (35.3%) were pathologically proven to have no residual tumor (Miller and Payne grade 5). The mean MR reduction rate tended to be higher in HER2-positive (62.7%) and triple negative subgroups (61.9%) than HR-positive subgroup (47.7%). The mean MR imaging-pathologic size discrepancy tended to be smaller in triple negative subgroup (0.5cm) than HER2-positive (1.2cm) and HR-positive subgroups (1.4cm). All results showed no statistical significance (P&amp;gt;0.05). Ki-67 expression showed no significant correlations in tumor response (r = 0.17, P = 0.4) and MR imaging-pathologic size discrepancy (r = 0.1, P = 0.6). The majority of morphologic change is concentric reduction (57.6%). MRI is tended to overestimate residual size of the lesion (62.5%) CONCLUSION HER2-positive and triple negative subgroups showed relatively better response. Tumors were most likely to response in the manner of concentric reduction. The mean MR imaging-pathologic size discrepancy tended to be smaller in triple negative subgroup. MRI is reliable method in predicting histopathological response to NAC, but is more likely to overestimate the residual size of the lesion. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-02-08.
Chronically Elevated Endothelin Levels Reduce Pulmonary Vascular Reactivity to Nitric Oxide
Authors: Annik Migneault, Stéphanie Sauvageau, Louis Villeneuve, Eric Thorin, Alain Fournier, Normand Leblanc, Jocelyn Dupuis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Although local tissue activation of the endothelin (ET) system contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension, the impact of isolated chronic plasma hyperendothelinemia on the pulmonary circulation is unknown.Mini-osmotic pumps were implanted in rats to deliver ET-1 during 7 or 28 days. After in vivo hemodynamics, the lungs were isolated to derive pressure-flow relations. Small pulmonary arteries ( approximately 250 microm) were mounted on an isometric myograph to study their reactivity.Plasma ET-1 approximately doubled (p < 0.05) after 7 and 28 days. Lung tissue ET-1 level increased fourfold after 7 days (p < 0.001) but was no longer significantly elevated after 28 days. Right ventricular systolic pressure was unaffected. The pulmonary pressure-flow relation shifted upward with a steeper slope (p < 0.05) at 7 days, but not after 28 days. Maximum dilatations to both acetylcholine (p < 0.01) and sodium nitroprusside (p < 0.001) were greatly reduced by approximately 50% after 28 days and were normalized by the addition of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA and the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, respectively.Chronic hyperendothelinemia reduces the pulmonary vasodilator reserve in response to nitric oxide. Correction by an antioxidant and L-NNA suggests that this relates to increased production of reactive oxygen species, which may have clinical relevance for conditions associated with chronic increase of ET. Further studies are required to determine if, in the long term, this could contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension.
Ro/SSA antigen in human epidermis
Authors: S.K. JONES, SILVIJA COULTER, CATHERINE HARMON, D.A. NORRIS, MARY ROSANDICH, LELA A. LEE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Ro/SSA antigen in human epidermis Get access S.K. JONES, S.K. JONES Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SILVIJA COULTER, SILVIJA COULTER Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CATHERINE HARMON, CATHERINE HARMON Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.A. NORRIS, D.A. NORRIS Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MARY ROSANDICH, MARY ROSANDICH Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LELA A. LEE LELA A. LEE Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Veterans' Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Lela A.Lee, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Box B‐153, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. 80262. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 3, 1 March 1988, Pages 363–367, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02429.x Published: 01 March 1988
Coronary Heart Disease in Patients With Low LDL-Cholesterol
Authors: Frank M. Sacks, Andrew M. Tonkin, Timothy Craven, Marc A. Pfeffer, James Shepherd, Anthony Keech, Curt D. Furberg, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — In two large secondary prevention trials of pravastatin, risk reduction was not significant in participants who had low baseline LDL-C concentrations (that is, &lt;125 mg/dL). We conducted exploratory analyses of participant characteristics, lipid risk factors, and risk reduction in this group. Methods and Results — Among 13 173 participants with coronary heart disease (CHD), 2607 had baseline LDL-C &lt;125 mg/dL. Those with LDL-C &lt;125 compared with ≥125 mg/dL were more likely to be diabetic (15% versus 9%), hypertensive (46 versus 41%), and male (89% versus 83%); they had higher triglycerides (169 versus 154 mg/dL), lower HDL-C (36.5 versus 38 mg/dL), and similar body mass index (27 kg/m 2 ); and pravastatin lowered their LDL-C by 36 mg/dL (32%) versus 45 mg/dL (29%). During 5.8-year (mean) follow-up, HDL-C and triglycerides were both significantly stronger predictors of recurrent CHD events in participants with LDL-C &lt;125 than ≥125 mg/dL. In diabetic participants with low LDL-C, pravastatin decreased CHD events from 34% to 22% (relative risk, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.83; P =0.004), significantly different from the effect in nondiabetic participants with low LDL-C ( P interaction, 0.005) (event rate, 21%; relative risk, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.89 to 1.27]). There were trends toward risk reduction in smokers and in those with low HDL-C, &lt;40 mg/dL. Conclusions — Among patients with CHD who have low LDL-C, diabetics have much higher subsequent CHD event rates than do nondiabetics. Pravastatin reduced the event rate in diabetics to that of nondiabetic participants. The results also suggest enhanced therapeutic potential for improving HDL-C and triglycerides in patients with CHD who have low LDL-C concentrations.
Clinical Epidemiology of Eating Disorders: Results from the Sesto Fiorentino Study
Authors: C. Faravelli, C. Ravaldi, E. Truglia, T. Zucchi, F. Cosci, V. Ricca
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2006)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; It is speculated that clinical samples do not fully reflect the characteristics of eating disorders (EDs) as they are in the general population, especially in their lowest range of severity. The present article reports the prevalence of EDs in a community sample aged &gt;14 years, their clinical and psychopathological features, and their course and outcome on naturalistic grounds. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The Sesto Fiorentino Study is a three-phase community-based survey where 2,355 out of 2,500 people representative of the population aged &gt;14 years living in Sesto Fiorentino were evaluated by their own general practitioner using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus six additional questions. All those who had positive results plus a probability sample of the non-cases were re-interviewed by psychiatrists using the Florence Psychiatric Interview. The subjects who reported ED symptoms were subsequently administered the Eating Disorder Examination (12th edition). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Overall, the lifetime prevalence of EDs was 1.21%. More precisely, 0.42% had anorexia nervosa, 0.32% bulimia nervosa, 0.32% binge eating disorder and 0.32% eating disorder not otherwise specified. All the subjects suffering from an ED fulfilled diagnostic criteria for at least another DSM-IV axis I psychiatric disorder. At the moment of the interview, conducted a few years (average 7 years) after the onset of the disorder, 50% had fully recovered from EDs, 26.9% were currently affected by an ED, 23.1% showed a persistent body image disturbance and/or the presence of compensatory behaviours. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Community surveys conducted by clinicians may provide useful additional information on the psychopathological features, natural course and outcome of these disorders on naturalistic grounds.
Chicken-pox Eruption Treated with Benzyl Benzoate
Authors: J. H. Beilby
Journal: BMJ (1946)

MEDICAL JOURtNAL had increased by 31%, and the red cells by 2,300,000 per c.mm.There was no apparent reticulocyte response.She was re-examined as an out-patient on July 3, when she felt very well.The jaundice had vanished, the filiform papillae had reappeared on her tongue, there were no signs of cardiac failure, and the liver and spleen were no longer palpable.The result of the latest blood count (July 22) was: haemoglobin, 80%; red ceils, 3,200,000 per c.mm.I Wish to thank Dr.
Sensitivity test may aid in avoiding `poison' plant-induced dermatitis
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

A research project that will soon get under way in the Los Padres National Forest near Santa Barbara, Calif, may make outdoor recreation activities a lot safer and more comfortable for people throughout the country. Using a patch test kit developed by William L. Epstein, MD, professor and chair of dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, under contract with the Department of Agriculture's Forest Service Equipment Development Center in Missoula, Mont, approximately 300 to 400 men and women who work in the woods will determine their sensitivity to poison oak and poison ivy. West of the Rocky Mountains, poison oak is the name for the ubiquitous North American plant containing the phenollike compound urushiol. It is this oil in the plant's sap that causes the redness, blisters, and interminable itching that makes so many summertime pursuits so memorable. Dissimilar looking— although still illustrating the old admonition "leaves
Nonendocrine Pathways and Endocrine Resistance
Authors: Robert I. Nicholson, Iain R. Hutcheson, Janice M. Knowlden, Helen E. Jones, Maureen E. Harper, Nicola Jordan, Steve E. Hiscox, Denise Barrow, Julia M. W. Gee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that growth factor networks are highly interactive with estrogen receptor signaling in the control of breast cancer growth. As such, tumor responses to antiestrogens are likely to be a composite of the estrogen receptor and growth factor-inhibitory activity of these agents, with alterations/aberrations in growth factor signaling providing a mechanism for the development of antiestrogen resistance. In this light, the current article focuses on illustrating the relationship between growth factor signaling and antiestrogen failure in our in-house tumor models of breast cancer and describing how we are now beginning to successfully target growth factor activity to improve the effects of antiestrogen drugs and to block aggressive disease progression.
Randomized Phase II Study of Palifermin for Reducing Dysphagia in Patients Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Unresectable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wolfgang Schuette, Maciej J. Krzakowski, Bartomeu Massuti, Gregory A. Otterson, Richard Lizambri, Helen Wei, Dietmar P. Berger, Yuhchyau Chen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Daniel B. Kopans
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters15 April 2003Breast Cancer ScreeningDaniel B. Kopans, MDDaniel B. Kopans, MDMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02468 (Kopans)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-8-200304150-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Sox provided a concise summary of some of the issues surrounding the controversy about recommending mammographic screening for women 40 to 49 years of age (1). However, he forgot one of the most basic issues that continues to be ignored by those who oppose mammographic screening for women before the age of 50 years, namely, that this age has no biological or screening significance. There are, in fact, no data showing that anything biologically relevant occurs at age 50. None of the variables associated with screening (for example, recall rates, recommendations for biopsy, cancer detection rates, ...References1. Sox H. Screening mammography for younger women: back to basics [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:361-2. [PMID: 12204022] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kopans DB, Moore RH, McCarthy KA, Hall DA, Hulka C, Whitman GJ, . Biasing the interpretation of mammography screening data by age grouping: nothing changes abruptly at age 50. The Breast Journal. 1998;4:139-45. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. Kopans DB. The breast cancer screening controversy: lessons to be learned [Editorial]. J Surg Oncol. 1998;67:143-50. [PMID: 9530883] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Barclay J, Sickles EA, Eaton A, Ernster V. Positive predictive value of screening mammography by age and family history of breast cancer. JAMA. 1993;270:2444-50. [PMID: 8230621] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Sox HC. Screening mammography in women younger than 50 years of age [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1995;122:550-2. [PMID: 7872593] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02468 (Kopans) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening Mammography for Younger Women: Back to Basics Harold Sox The Canadian National Breast Screening Study-1: Breast Cancer Mortality after 11 to 16 Years of Follow-up: A Randomized Screening Trial of Mammography in Women Age 40 to 49 Years Anthony B. Miller , Teresa To , Cornelia J. Baines , and Claus Wall Screening Mammography for Younger Women: Back to Basics Harold Sox Breast Cancer Screening Harold C. Sox Metrics 15 April 2003Volume 138, Issue 8Page: 690KeywordsAgingBiopsyBreast cancer screeningCancer screeningMenopause ePublished: 15 April 2003 Issue Published: 15 April 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The pressor response to angiotensin II in patients with low renin essential hypertension.
Authors: A D Marks, D B Marks, Y N Kim, J Moctezuma, E V Adlin, B J Channick
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

The etiology of low renin essential hypertension (LREH) has not been established with certainty, but mineralocorticoid excess has been implicated frequently in its pathogenesis. The finding of several investigators of a normal exchangeable sodium space and extracellular fluid volume, however, does not support this hypothesis. To evaluate the possible role of sodium and water retention in LREH, the pressor response to infused angiotensin II (A II) was determined and compared to that of normal subjects and that of subjects with normal renin essential hypertension (NREH). This approach was based on the known suprasensitivity of vascular receptors to A II in situations in which sodium and water compartments are expanded as they are, for example, in proven hypermineralocorticoid states such as primary aldosteronism. In this study, we found that subjects with LREH demonstrated no increased pressor response to graded doses of A II; this suggests that LREH is not primarily mediated by sodium and water retention.
Neurosis induced by home monitoring of blood glucose concentrations.
Authors: S. F. Beer, C. Lawson, P. J. Watkins
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The introduction of home monitoring of blood glucose concentrations in the 1970s was a major advance.'A ntmber of patients, however, become obsessed with the results and develop a disruptive neurosis.We describe three such patients. Case reportsCase 1-A 53 year old woman was referred with
Brain SPECT Evaluation of Cerebral Perfusion in Hemimegalencephaly
Authors: ZVI BAR-SEVER, LEONARD P. CONNOLLY, PATRICK D. BARNES, S. TED TREVES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Hemimegalencephaly is a rare congenital neuronal migration disorder characterized by unilateral hypertrophy of a cerebral hemisphere. It can be an isolated abnormality, or it can be associated with neurocutaneous syndromes. Clinical manifestations include intractable motor seizures, impaired psychomotor development, hemiparesis, and hemianopsia. Prognosis is poor. Hemispherectomy is the treatment of choice. Brain SPECT is useful in excluding seizure foci or other perfusion abnormalities in the contralateral side before surgery. The authors report two cases of increased perfusion in the affected hemisphere relative to the contralateral hemisphere that contrast with previous reports of decreased perfusion in the abnormal side as determined scintigraphically.
Interpreting treatment effects in randomised trials
Authors: G. H Guyatt, E. F Juniper, S. D Walter, L. E Griffith, R. S Goldstein
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The need to measure the impact of treatments on health related quality of life has led to a rapid increase in the variety of instruments available and in their use as measures of outcome in clinical trials. One limitation of instruments that purport to measure health related quality of life is difficulty interpreting their results. In the past decade, investigators have progressed in making these questionnaire results interpretable. For example, we have shown that when questionnaires present response options in the form of seven point scales with verbal descriptions for each option (see box), the smallest difference that patients consider important is often approximately 0.5 per question. A moderate difference corresponds to a change of approximately 1.0 per question, and changes of greater than 1.5 can be considered large. Thus, for example, in a domain with four items, patients will consider a 1 point change in two or more items as important. This finding applies across different areas of function, including dyspnoea, fatigue, and emotional function in patients with chronic airflow limitation1; and symptoms, emotional function, and activity limitations in adults2 and children3 with asthma, parents of children with asthma,4 and adults with rhinoconjunctivitis.5 Initially, we used comparisons in the same patient to establish this difference, but more recently we have replicated this finding using differences between patients.6

#### Summary points

Several questionnaires on quality of life related to health are available, but interpreting their results may be difficult

For some questionnaires, we now know that the smallest change in score that patients consider important is 0.5

Even if the mean difference between a treatment and a control is appreciably less than the smallest change that is important, treatment may have an important impact on many patients

A method for estimating the proportion of patients who …
Abstract C40: Amyloid precursor protein (APP) synchronizes cell cycle progression and the rate of global protein synthesis in dividing cells
Authors: Anna Sobol, Paola Galluzzo, Shuang Liang, Brittany Rambo, Sylvia Skucha, Megan Weber, Maurizio Bocchetta
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract In previous studies we targeted hypoxic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissue using gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSI) in a preclinical model of advanced NSCLC. GSI treatment of mice suggested reactivation of mTORC-1 in otherwise quiescent hypoxic NSCLC tissue. Methods included immunohistochemistry and cytochemistry, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, siRNA-mediated gene knockdown, nucleotide and amino acid analogs incorporation, FACS analysis, various imaging techniques, Q-PCR, gene transfection, cap binding assays, RNA and antibodies arrays. GSI treatment of mice showed a re-induced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 at T37/46 in hypoxic tumor masses. In vitro studies indicated a role for APP in this phenomenon. APP downregulation caused a rearrangement in 4E-BP1's phosphorylation pattern at residues T37/46, S65 and T70, reversed by overexpression of the APP C-terminal domain. Increased recruitment of eIF4A on the mRNA cap was observed. These events coincided with a drastic increase in the rate of global protein synthesis, an event that appeared to be mTOR-independent. Meanwhile, NSCLC cells with depleted APP were arrested in G0/G1 through a cyclin C-mediated mechanism. Cells arrested in G0/G1 with augmented rate of global protein synthesis (both cap- and IRES-dependent) increased their size and underwent a substantial necrotic cell death due to cell membrane permeabilization. These results indicate a novel role for APP in synchronizing the rate of protein synthesis and cell cycle progression, raising questions on how these processes interact in malignant transformation. The data presented here suggest that cells of different origin, including NSCLC cells, have developed some mechanisms to couple cell growth with cell cycle progression independent of overlapping signals which derive, among others, from the PI3-K pathway. APP seems to play a central role in this synchronization, and its loss of function causes cell size abnormalities and death. Citation Format: Anna Sobol, Paola Galluzzo, Shuang Liang, Brittany Rambo, Sylvia Skucha, Megan Weber, Maurizio Bocchetta. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) synchronizes cell cycle progression and the rate of global protein synthesis in dividing cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C40.