tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy and congenital heart disease
Authors: Anselm Uebing, Philip J Steer, Steve M Yentis, Michael A Gatzoulis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Congenital heart disease occurs in 0.8% of newborn infants around the world.Advances in medical and surgical treatments over the past decades has led to more than 85% of these infants surviving to adulthood. 1 2 Most interventions, however, have not been curative and about half of adults with congenital heart disease face the prospect of further surgery, arrhythmia, heart failure, and-if managed inappropriately-premature death.The burden of pregnancy represents a new challenge in women with congenital heart disease.In the United Kingdom about 250 000 adults have congenital heart disease (also known as "grown up congenital heart disease (GUCH)" patients), and this number is growing. 3Half of these patients are women, most of reproductive age.After suicide, cardiac disease is now the leading cause of maternal death in the UK, with most of these casualties having had congenital heart disease. 4The medical profession should therefore be aware of the risks that women with congenital heart disease face during pregnancy so that they can be given adequate pre-conception counselling and optimal care during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period.
Calcium channel blockers correct in vitro mitochondrial toxicity of cellulose acetate
Authors: Laurent J. Tabouy, Anne-Marie T. Chauvet-Monges, Gérard P. Carles, Philippe J. Brunet, Diane L. Braguer, Pierre A. Rebouillon, Yvon F. Berland, Aimé D. Crevat
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Access to healthcare is highest in Massachusetts, lowest in Texas, finds scorecard
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Rectal bleeding is an important symptom of colorectal cancer but has low predictive value in primary care. <h3>Aim</h3> To determine which characteristics of rectal bleeding, along with other factors, are predictive of colorectal cancer. <h3>Design of study</h3> Observation study of patients with rectal bleeding referred to an open-access diagnostic clinic. <h3>Setting</h3> Primary care, southern England. <h3>Method</h3> Symptom data were collected, using a self-completed questionnaire. Logistic regression techniques were used to determine predictors of colorectal cancer. <h3>Results</h3> There were 604 patients in the study and 22 (3.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0% to 5.2%) were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Significant predictors of colorectal cancer were found to be age (&lt;50 years: odds ratio [OR] = 1; 50–69 years: OR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.4 to 18.6; ≥70 years: OR = 8.2, 95% CI = 2.1 to 31.8) and blood mixed with the stool (Likelihood ratio [LR] 1.5; adjusted OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.4 to 10.5). Presence of haemorrhoids associated with bright red bleeding not mixed with stool reduced the likelihood of cancer (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.1 to 1.2) but did not eliminate it — a cancer was present in 2% of patients with these symptoms. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patient-reported type of rectal bleeding as an isolated symptom has insufficient diagnostic value to be useful in general practice. By studying referred patients, we may even have overestimated its value. At best, it could be useful as a component of a composite symptom score to guide referral decisions.
A physiotherapist's comments on sports medicine services.
Authors: M. John
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1978)

Sport for all is a stimulating phrase.We see it everywhere -on stickers in cars, on posters and even a franking on our mail.But what are the full implications of that statement.The more people that are involved in sport, the more the risk of injuries, therefore the need for more care and treatment of those injuries by those who are interested and qualified to treat them."Who are these interested and qualified people!" -Some are physiotherapists.
Surgical implications of some types of drug dependence.
Authors: R Pollard
Journal: BMJ (1973)

As is well, known the problems of opiate and barbiturate dependence has altered considerably in the last two decades. This article describes an aspect which has received less comment: the local complications of the injection of these drugs, and their management. The patients reported here were all seen between December 1969 and December 1971. The injury appears to be principally due to chemical action, which is often aggravated by infection. A list of drugs com monly used and the pH of the solutions is given in the Appendix. The commonest lesions are due to barbiturates (pH 9.3). Heroin causes lesions like these only when it is impure,1 possibly owing to the lactose and starch in the tablets. Injection into an enclosed fascial compartment may cause damage, particularly in the forearm. This is secondary to ischaemia from vascular compression caused by inflammatory oedema in the muscles. Ischaemic damage may also occur during prolonged narcosis when the blood vessels are oc cluded owing to pressure of the body on the limb.
SYMPOSIUM ON CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Authors: ALEXANDER S. NADAS, ANNA J. HAUCK
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Congestive failure in infancy and childhood may occur in a number of diseases. Congenital heart disease. however, is probably the most common cause of failure, with rheumatic fever second. Although the basic physiology of cardiac decompensation is similar in adults and children, the presenting clinical picture may be somewhat different in the 2 groups. We believe that infants and children with congestive failure should be treated vigorously, for we have the distinct impression that the mortality rate of these youngsters with severe heart disease has decreased appreciably since a more optimistic attitude prevails among parents and doctors about these problems. Vigorous use of anticongestive measures and antibiotics is worthwhile and results in many instances in the survival of an infant to an age when successful surgical repair is feasible. Certainly not all babies with congestive failure due to congenital, rheumatic, or other kind of heart disease can be salvaged. But surely the experience of the last few years has given us a much more optimistic outlook on this entire field. There are enough children attending school and enjoying life today who seemed at "death's door" in infancy to make us hesitate to give an unqualifiedly poor prognosis to almost any child in congestive failure. Similarly, we are more and more reluctant to suggest cardiac surgery as a dramatic emergency measure except in a few well-chosen cases. Intelligent medical management can salvage a large number of these children and allow them to survive to an age when relatively low surgical mortality may be offered.
The Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β–Mediated Tumor-Stroma Interactions in Prostate Cancer Progression: An Integrative Approach
Authors: David Basanta, Douglas W. Strand, Ralf B. Lukner, Omar E. Franco, David E. Cliffel, Gustavo E. Ayala, Simon W. Hayward, Alexander R.A. Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract We have implemented a hybrid cellular automata model based on the structure of human prostate that recapitulates key interactions in nascent tumor foci between tumor cells and adjacent stroma. Model simulations show how stochastic interactions between tumor cells and stroma may lead to a structural suppression of tumor growth, modest proliferation, or unopposed tumor growth. The model incorporates key aspects of prostate tumor progression, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), matrix-degrading enzyme activity, and stromal activation. It also examines the importance of TGF-β during tumor progression and the role of stromal cell density in regulating tumor growth. The validity of one of the key predictions of the model about the effect of epithelial TGF-β production on glandular stability was tested in vivo. These experimental results confirmed the ability of the model to generate testable biological predictions in addition to providing new avenues of experimental interest. This work underscores the need for more pathologically representative models to cooperatively drive computational and biological modeling, which together could eventually lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatments of prostate cancer. [Cancer Res 2009;69(17):7111–20]
CASTRATION EXERTS NO INFLUENCE UPON THE GROWTH OF TRANSPLANTED OR SPONTANEOUS TUMORS IN MICE AND RATS
Authors: Jose S. Hilario
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

Castration neither increases nor decreases the inoculation percentage of transplantable carcinomata and sarcomata of the mouse and rat, nor does it either stimulate or retard their proliferation; it exerts not the slightest effect upon the growth of spontaneous carcinomata of the mouse.
Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner
Authors: Dorothy P. Schafer, Emily K. Lehrman, Amanda G. Kautzman, Ryuta Koyama, Alan R. Mardinly, Ryo Yamasaki, Richard M. Ransohoff, Michael E. Greenberg, Ben A. Barres, Beth Stevens
Journal: Neuron (2012)
Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Reply
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  Primary care can be offered to individual patients by anyone, but the purpose of my editorial was to caution physicians not experienced in the use of immunosuppressive compounds alone or in combination from applying such dramatic treatments without benefit of consultation. I would hesitate to start such a treatment myself with one of my patients without discussing the problem with my colleagues, as one can be blinded by preconceived ideas and unwarranted self-confidence. I would urge any physician planning to repeat the Milwaukee treatment to do so only with a carefully constructed protocol in hand and with peer review to confirm the need for this approach in the particular patient. Rheumatologists, hematologists, and immunologists should be in a position to apply this treatment; I would hope that obstetricians, most pediatricians, and most internists would not do so. Board certification is irrelevant, in my opinion, as mostly the younger
A study of the human immune response to Lolium perenne (Rye) pollen and its components, Lol p I and Lol p II (Rye I and Rye II) *1, *2I. Prevalence of reactivity to the allergens and correlations among skin test, IgE antibody, and IgG antibody data
Authors: L FREIDHOFF, E EHRLICHKAUTZKY, J GRANT, D MEYERS, D MARSH
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1986)
Letter by Frans and Koelemay Regarding Article, “Supervised Exercise Versus Primary Stenting for Claudication Resulting From Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease: Six-Month Outcomes From the Claudication: Exercise Versus Endoluminal Revascularization (CLEVER) Study”
Authors: Franceline A. Frans, Mark J.W. Koelemay
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Modulation of in vitro splicing of the upstream intron by modifying an intra-exon sequence which is deleted from the dystrophin gene in dystrophin Kobe.
Authors: Y Takeshima, H Nishio, H Sakamoto, H Nakamura, M Matsuo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Molecular analysis of dystrophin Kobe showed that exon 19 of the dystrophin gene bearing 52-bp deletion was skipped during splicing, although the known consensus sequences at the 5' and 3' splice sites of exon 19 were maintained (Matsuo, M., T. Masumura, H. Nishio, T. Nakajima, Y. Kitoh, T. Takumi, J. Koga, and H. Nakamura. 1991. J. Clin. Invest. 87:2127-2131). These data suggest that the deleted sequence of exon 19 may function as a cis-acting element for exact splicing for the upstream and downstream introns. To investigate this potential role of exon 19, an in vitro splicing system using artificial dystrophin mRNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) was established. Pre-mRNA containing exon 18, truncated intron 18, and exon 19 was spliced precisely in vitro, whereas splicing of intron 18 was almost completely abolished when the wild-type exon 19 was replaced by the dystrophin Kobe exon 19. Splicing of intron 18 was not fully reactivated when dystrophin Kobe exon 19 was restored to nearly normal length by inserting other sequences into the deleted site. These results suggest that the presence of the exon 19 sequence which is lost in dystrophin Kobe is more critical for splicing of intron 18 than the length of the exon 19 sequence. Characteristically, the efficiency of splicing of this intron seemed to correlate with the presence of polypurine tracks within the downstream exon 19. Moreover, an antisense 31-mer 2'-O-methyl ribonucleotide complementary to the 5' half of the deleted sequence in dystrophin Kobe exon 19 inhibited splicing of wild-type pre-mRNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This first in vitro evidence that dystrophin pre-mRNA splicing can be modulated by an antisense oligonucleotide raises the possibility of a new therapeutic approach for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Colon-Cancer Genes and Brain Tumors
Authors: Joanna Groden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Genes with key roles in the development of cancer have been identified by the study of families with an inherited predisposition to particular neoplasms, such as retinoblastoma, breast and colon cancer, and now brain tumors. In each of these conditions, affected family members harbor germ-line mutations in one copy of a tumor-suppressor gene or another gene predisposing them to cancer. Subsequent somatic mutation of the second copy causes complete loss of the normal gene product and thus instigates tumor formation. Noninherited forms of the same tumor can arise by somatic inactivation of both copies of the same gene, a sporadic . . .
Vaccine Safety—Achieving the Proper Balance
Authors: Kathleen M. Neuzil
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia With Both Cold and Warm Autoantibodies
Authors: Ira A. Shulman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Of 144 patients with a positive direct antiglobulin test and having autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), 12 (8.3%) satisfied diagnostic criteria for both warm antibody AIHA and cold agglutinin syndrome. All 12 patients had IgG and C3d sensitizing their erythrocytes, and samples of their serum contained IgM cold autohemagglutinins optimally reactive at 4 degrees C, but with a high thermal amplitude to 37 degrees C, and IgG warm autoantibodies. All red blood cell eluates contained IgG warm autoantibodies. The 12 patients had severe hemolytic anemia that responded dramatically to corticosteroid therapy, with the mean hemoglobin level increasing from 6.3 to 12.9 g/dL. Five patients (42%) had systemic lupus erythematosus, one patient (8%) had a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and six patients (50%) had idiopathic AIHA; four patients (33%) had concomitant thrombocytopenia (Evans' syndrome). Nine patients (75%) were female. Four patients had unexpected alloantibodies potentially capable of in vivo hemolysis of transfused blood. Because of the severe hemolysis, the serologic findings, and the dramatic initial clinical response to corticosteroid therapy, these patients represent a distinct catagory of AIHA and should be given corticosteroid therapy quickly.
Measurement of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration in rabbit aorta using the photoprotein, aequorin. Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on agonist-induced Ca2+ signal generation.
Authors: Y Takuwa, H Rasmussen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Addition of norepinephrine, angiotensin II, or histamine leads to a transient rise in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), as measured with aequorin, in rabbit aortic strips. Each induces a [Ca2+]i transient which peaks in 2 min and then falls either back to baseline (angiotensin II) or to a plateau (norepinephrine and histamine). The [Ca2+]i transient is due to the mobilization of Ca2+ from a caffeine-sensitive, intracellular pool. An elevation of [K+] to 35 mM leads to a monotonic sustained rise in [Ca2+]i which depends entirely on extracellular Ca2+, but an increase to 100 mM leads to a [Ca2+]i transient from the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. Atrial natriuretic peptide does not alter basal [Ca2+]i nor inhibit the [Ca2+]i transient induced by either histamine or angiotensin II, but blocks that induced by norepinephrine, and blocks the plateau phase induced by either histamine or norepinephrine. The peptide inhibits the contractile response to all three agonists and to K+.
Myeloma and Second Primary Cancers
Authors: Ola Landgren, Anish Thomas, Sham Mailankody
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Acute leukemia after myeloma has been attributed to exposure to alkylating agents. However, leukemia is now being seen in patients receiving lenalidomide maintenance therapy. Patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance also have an increased risk of leukemia without ever being treated.
Peripheral Blood Cyclooxygenase (COX) Deficiency in Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD) and Regulation of Eicosanoid Enzymes by Aspirin Desensitization
Authors: T.M. Laidlaw, B.A. Markens, L. Borish, J.A. Boyce
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Epidemiologic basis for the asbestos standard.
Authors: P E Enterline
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The current standard for occupational exposure to asbestos is 2 fibers/cm3 averaged over an 8-hr day. A NIOSH/OSHA committee has recently concluded that the 2 fiber/cm3 standard is grossly inadequate to protect workers from asbestos-related disease, and that all levels of asbestos exposure studied thus far have demonstrated asbestos-related disease. The committee recommends that a 0.1 fiber/cm3 limit replace the current 2 fiber/cm3 standard on the grounds that this is the lowest level detectable with currently available analytical techniques. Thus a 0.1 fiber/cm3 limit is not based on epidemiological data but on the presumption that any level of exposure is disease producing. This paper addresses the question of whether it would be possible to detect health effects of exposure below the current 2 fiber/cm3 standard. Five studies are reviewed which provide evidence on the strength of the relationship between asbestos fiber exposure and lung cancer. Calculation of sample sizes needed to be 95% certain of detecting the kind of excess probably associated with exposure to 2 fibers/cm3 suggests that epidemiology is not likely to be useful in detecting lung cancer below the current standard. Some outcome measures other than lung cancer or clinical asbestosis will be needed if observations on humans are to be used as evidence for a lowering of the present standard.
Reticulum cell sarcoma in azathioprine-treated systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: M E Hehir, J R Sewell, G R Hughes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

The development of a reticulum cell sarcoma in the lung of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with azathioprine for 18 months is described. This possible hazard of immunosuppressive therapy is discussed in relation to patients with SLE.
Hospital Mortality Risk Adjustment Using Claims Data—Reply
Authors: Michael Pine, Harmon S. Jordan, Anne Elixhauser, Donald E. Fry, David C. Hoaglin
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Public Cost of Motorcycle Trauma
Authors: Frederick P. Rivara
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Despite the effectiveness of motorcycle helmet legislation, many states have repealed these laws during the last decade. Aspects often neglected by policymakers are who pays for the care of these victims and how much of this cost is subsidized by public funds. To determine the extent of this subsidy, we studied the cost of care of 105 motorcyclists hospitalized at a major trauma center during a 12-month period. Total direct costs for these 105 patients, followed up for a mean of 20 months, were more than $2.7 million, with an average of $25,764 per patient. Only 60% of the direct costs were accounted for by the initial hospital care; 23% of costs were for rehabilitation care or readmission for treatment of acute problems. The majority (63.4%) of care was paid for by public funds, with Medicaid accounting for more than half of all charges.