tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deoxyribonucleic acid strandedness. Partial characterization of the antigenic regions binding antibodies in lupus erythematosus serum.
Authors: R J Samaha, W S Irvin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

This study shows that tritiated thymidine labeled DNA prepared from mammalian cells by the Marmur technique is a pure preparation of nucleic acid that is composed essentially of two populations of molecules. One molecular population consists of primarily double-standed nucleic acid, while the other population is of double-stranded nucleic acid with significant single-stranded regions. The double-stranded DNA with single-stranded regions can, depending upon the length of the single strand, behave as "native" DNA or "denatured" DNA on methylated albumin kieselguhr (MAK) column chromatography, Using MAK chromatography we have separated the DNA into a saltelutable fraction composed of primarily double-stranded molecules and an alkaline-elutable fraction containing double-stranded nucleic acid with variable length, single-stranded regions. Endonuclease enzyme removal of the single-stranded regions from the alkaline fraction DNA yield nucleic acid that behaves identically to the salt elutable DNA. Exonuclease removal of the single-stranded regions suggests they are located primarily at the ends of the molecules. Our data show that the alkaline-elutable DNA differs from salt-elutable DNA only in that the former has significant single-stranded regions. Sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) selected for anti-DNA by hemagglutination bind significantly less to the alkaline fraction DNA than the sale fraction DNA. This difference in binding clearly does not represent simply an affinity for double-stranded vs. single-stranded nucleic acid since the alkaline fraction DNA contains predominately double-stranded nucleic acid. A model for antibody-DNA binding is suggested from the present data and information contained in the literature.
Circulating Stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3): A novel predictor of LV dysfunction, remodelling and all‐cause mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: D. Kelly, S. Khan, G. Cockerill, L.L. Ng, M. Thompson, N.J. Samani, I.B. Squire
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
TCT-10 Differences Between US and non-US Cohorts after PCI and Dual Antiplatelet Therapy: Patient Characteristics, Randomization
Authors: Laura Mauri, Donald Cutlip, Anthony Gershlick, Dean Kereiakes, Joseph Massaro, Ian T. Meredith, John A. Ormiston, Philippe G. Steg, Robert Yeh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
In vitro RPM fibrogenic potential assay of welding fumes.
Authors: R M Stern, G H Pigott
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The fibrogenic potential of 11 different welding fumes and metallic aerosols, considered to be reference standard surrogates for the commonly used welding technologies and applications responsible for 70% of welders exposure, is screened by using the rat peritoneal macrophage (RPM) in vitro bioassay. Only one class of fumes, that from the manual metal are welding of stainless steel, shows distinct fibrogenic potential. This fume, however, is not common to more than four or five of the heretofore 90 cases of pulmonary fibrosis reported among welders. Thus, although insoluble Cr(VI) is probably the active fibrogen in stainless steel fumes, an etiological factor common to all fibrogenic welding exposures must be sought; it is tentatively proposed to be NO chi, a potent experimental in vivo fibrogen copiously produced by certain welding processes and ubiquitous at low concentrations in the welding environment.
THE NATURE OF THE CANCEROUS PROCESS.
Authors: ROSWELL PARK
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Like a huge and frowning sphinx at the very gateway or entrance to the field of surgical pathology has stood for centuries the great problem of the nature of cancer. This has, at least until recently, remained the inscrutable mystery of ages, although, like the great sphinx at Gheizeh, it has been always a target for shafts of all kinds. Almost every theory which the ingenuity of the human race could conceive has been advanced to account for the existence of cancer, while each theory has been ardently supported until proven unsatisfactory, or often much longer. To-day, while we desire always to pay due deference to the scholars and thinkers of times past, the only hypotheses which are even worth mentioning in this connection can be characterized as the dietetic, the embryologic, the irritation, and the parasitic theories. The dietetic theory is of importance only in case we may succeed
Asymptomatic bronchial hyperreactivity and the development of asthma and other respiratory tract illnesses in children.
Authors: A Jones
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--It is not clear whether asymptomatic bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in children is a risk factor for the subsequent development of asthma. A longitudinal study was conducted to determine the predictive value of BHR for the development of asthma in a primary care patient population. METHODS--A standard free running asthma screening test (FRAST) was applied to 956 schoolchildren aged between 4 and 11 years in 1985. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) rates were measured before hard running for six minutes and following a three minute rest period. Children with a fall in PEF of more than 15% were labelled as having a positive FRAST. Clinical data from the patients9 notes and from symptom questionnaires were compared with age and sex matched controls for children known to have asthma, and for those with a positive FRAST but no asthma (BHR group). Over the ensuing six years to 1991 further clinical data were gathered to compare the development of asthma and other diseases of the airways in both the BHR groups and their controls. RESULTS--Of the 956 children exercised in 1985, 60 who were not known to have asthma had an abnormal test. Of the 55 of these studied in 1991, 32 (58%) had developed asthma. The sensitivity of a positive FRAST for the development of asthma was 58%, its specificity 97%, and positive predictive value 72%. Hay fever, eczema, otitis media, "bronchitis," and family history of atopy also occurred more commonly in this group. CONCLUSIONS--Asymptomatic BHR, as shown by exercise challenge, can predict the development of clinical asthma. This study has also shown a relation between BHR, asthma, and other diseases of the airways, notably upper respiratory tract infection, "bronchitis," and otitis media.
Diagnosis of Ankle Injuries
Authors: Jerome M. Cotler
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In response to the letter of Allan W. March, MD (241:791, 1979), we appreciate the comments on our article, "Diagnosis of Ankle Injuries" (240:1182, 1978). There is no quarrel that the clinician should be sensitized to the possibility of complete ligamentous tear, considering the physical examination and findings March described. Our point was to sensitize the casual observer or one who accepts only the roentgenogram as presented to represent the entire diagnosis. Many persons reviewing cases of patients and roentgenograms in an emergency facility either do not recall the underlying soft-tissue structures or discount their presence. Therefore, our point was to encourage physical examination of the ankle as well as roentgenographic interpretation as an assist to the full diagnosis. Also, means were offered to substantiate the seriousness of what may appear to represent only a minor chip fracture.
Variations in Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Activity in Experimental and Clinical Coronary Insufficiency, Pericarditis, and Pulmonary Infarction
Authors: IRWIN NYDICK, PAUL RUEGSEGGER, FELIX WRÓBLEWSKI, JOHN S. LADUE
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Previous studies have demonstrated consistent rises in serum activity of the enzyme, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGO-T), following myocardial necrosis of various etiologies. The present study demonstrates markedly different findings in experimental and clinical coronary insufficiency, pericarditis, and pulmonary infarction unless concomitant myocardial necrosis was present. This seems to be a valuable means of differentiating clinical problems in which the presence of myocardial injury is suspected as the basis of the patient's chest pain.
Lucid Interval and Acute Subdural Hematoma
Authors: George Zito
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  In his recent article Acute Subdural Hematoma With a Lucid Interval (240:2284,1978), Volker K. H. Sonntag, MD, states that the occurrence of a lucid period in patients with acute subdural hematoma has not been stressed in any of the recent stories published and implies that it is uncommon. However, several recent studies have shown that a lucid interval occurs in patients with acute subdural hematoma. In a series cited by the authors, Jamieson and Yelland 1 reviewed 553 cases of surgically treated traumatic subdural hematomas and found that a lucid interval occurred in 13% of the patients. They compared this with the 12% incidence of lucid interval in their earlier review of extradural hematomas. 2 Richards and Hoff 3 reviewed 100 surgical patients with acute subdural hematoma; 37% had a lucid interval. Therefore, although a lucid interval after head trauma is classically associated with epidural hematoma, it
The adaptor protein CARD9 is essential for the activation of myeloid cells through ITAM-associated and Toll-like receptors
Authors: Hiromitsu Hara, Chitose Ishihara, Arata Takeuchi, Takayuki Imanishi, Liquan Xue, Stephan W Morris, Masanori Inui, Toshiyuki Takai, Akira Shibuya, Shinobu Saijo, Yoichiro Iwakura, Naohito Ohno, Haruhiko Koseki, Hiroki Yoshida, Josef M Penninger, Takashi Saito
Journal: Nature Immunology (2007)
Unusual Clinical Presentation and Scintigraphic Pattern in Myositis Ossificans
Authors: AVINASH M. SUD, MARK W. WILSON, JAMES M. MOUNTZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Myositis ossificans, or heterotopic bone formation, is a possible sequela of musculoskeletal trauma. Its radio-graphic and scintigraphic appearances have been well documented. Specifically, plain film radiographs usually show soft tissue calcification in the muscle groups adjacent to the trauma. The three-phase bone scan may demonstrate an area of nonspecific increased tracer uptake in all three phases. The authors present a case of radiographically demonstrated heterotopic bone formation in the leg of a retired football player.
Hexon-modified Recombinant E1-deleted Adenovirus Vectors as Dual Specificity Vaccine Carriers for Influenza Virus
Authors: Dongming Zhou, Te-Lang Wu, Kristel L Emmer, Raj Kurupati, Steven Tuyishime, Yan Li, Wynetta Giles-Davis, Xiangyang Zhou, Zhiquan Xiang, Qin Liu, Sarah J Ratcliffe, Hildegund C J Ertl
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

To determine if an ordered and repetitive display of an epitope promoted induction of superior antibody responses, we compared B-cell responses to an influenza A virus epitope that was either encoded as a transgene by an adenovirus (Ad) vector or expressed on the vector's surface. To this end, we constructed a panel of influenza A virus vaccines based on chimpanzee-derived replication-defective adenovirus (AdC) vectors of serotype SAd-V25 also called AdC68. AdC68 vectors were modified to express a linear B-cell epitope of the ectodomain of matrix 2 (M2e) within variable regions 1 (VR1) or 4 (VR4) of the adenovirus hexon. Additional vectors with wild-type or M2e-modified hexon encoded M2e fused to the influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) as a transgene product. Hexon-modified vectors were tested for immunogenicity and efficacy in mice in comparison to vectors with native hexon expressing the M2e-NP fusion protein. Upon priming, vectors expressing M2e within VR1 of hexon induced M2e-specific antibody responses of higher magnitude and avidity than those carrying M2e within VR4 or vectors expressing the M2e as part of a transgene product. CD8+ T-cell responses to the transgenic NP were comparable between vectors. M2e-specific antibody responses could be boosted by a second dose of the VR1 hexon-modified vector but not by repeated immunization with the VR4 hexon-modified vector. To determine if an ordered and repetitive display of an epitope promoted induction of superior antibody responses, we compared B-cell responses to an influenza A virus epitope that was either encoded as a transgene by an adenovirus (Ad) vector or expressed on the vector's surface. To this end, we constructed a panel of influenza A virus vaccines based on chimpanzee-derived replication-defective adenovirus (AdC) vectors of serotype SAd-V25 also called AdC68. AdC68 vectors were modified to express a linear B-cell epitope of the ectodomain of matrix 2 (M2e) within variable regions 1 (VR1) or 4 (VR4) of the adenovirus hexon. Additional vectors with wild-type or M2e-modified hexon encoded M2e fused to the influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) as a transgene product. Hexon-modified vectors were tested for immunogenicity and efficacy in mice in comparison to vectors with native hexon expressing the M2e-NP fusion protein. Upon priming, vectors expressing M2e within VR1 of hexon induced M2e-specific antibody responses of higher magnitude and avidity than those carrying M2e within VR4 or vectors expressing the M2e as part of a transgene product. CD8+ T-cell responses to the transgenic NP were comparable between vectors. M2e-specific antibody responses could be boosted by a second dose of the VR1 hexon-modified vector but not by repeated immunization with the VR4 hexon-modified vector.
Genie: An Abused Child's Flight From Silence
Authors: Ira M. Bergman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In this portrait of "Genie," a girl confined to a profoundly neglectful, depriving, and abusive household until the age of 13, Rymer focuses on the study of language and the issue of exploitation in the scientific study of children. Rymer explains that the study of language has come from information provided by children. His reference to the earliest identifiable study from the 7th century BCE notes the cruelty of the experimentation, in which two Egyptian infants were isolated from birth in Psamtik I's search for the protolanguage.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pasteurized milk.
Authors: R. C. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Amphetamine PrescribingSIR,-Scarcely a day passes without news of another drug haul from a chemist's shop.Thousands of tablets are stolen, and the majority are probably amphetamines.A glance at the Proprietary Drug Lists will show there are at least twenty-two pre- parations containing amphetamine alone or in combination with other drugs.Many are virtually identical and some preparations appear both as central nervous system stimulants and sedatives and tranquillizers.The chemist is obliged to keep a fairly large stock in order to meet all requirements.It is not necessary to reiterate the undesirability of these drugs being self-administered nor the consequent dangers of addiction, of toxic effects, and of antisocial behaviour, and yet the illegal use of amphetamines is increasing and constitutes a serious problem, and the stocks available in the chemists are one important source of supply.How much do we contribute to this prob- lem by continuing to prescribe the drug when its use is unnecessary or outdated ?It is my belief that all these preparations could be scrapped with very little loss to the medical armamentarium.For mild depression there
Serum Angiotensinase and Plasma Renin Activity in Hepatic Insufficiency.
Authors: Glenn D. Lubash
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Serum Angiotensinase and Plasma Renin Activity in Hepatic Insufficiency.Glenn D. Lubash, M.D., F.A.C.P., Edith C. Hammel, B.A., Rosalie J. Mearles, B.Sc.Glenn D. Lubash, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Edith C. Hammel, B.A.Search for more papers by this author, Rosalie J. Mearles, B.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1031_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDecreased Pressor responsiveness to infusions of angiotensin in cirrhosis could be related to increased enzymatic destruction of angiotensin or to changes in the renin-angiotensin system: sodium depletion, increased renin (angiotensin), and secondary aldosteronism. Biron, Baldus, and Summerskill (Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 116: 1074, 1964) found elevated plasma angiotensinase activity in cirrhotic patients by biological assay of degradation of angiotensin II amide added to plasma in vitro. Recent data of Nagatsu and associates (Biochem. Pharmacol. 14: 721 and 853, 1966), however, indicate that the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from angiotensin and its amide is mediated by different enzymes,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Glenn D. Lubash, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Edith C. Hammel, B.A.; Rosalie J. Mearles, B.Sc.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byArterielle Hypotension und Renin-Angiotensin-System bei experimenteller LeberdystrophieDetermination with S-Benzyl-l-cysteine p-nitroanilide as SubstrateEinfluß der Leber auf die Kinetik des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems der RatteHepatale Plasmarenininaktivierung vor und nach Intoxikation mit TetrachlorkohlenstoffPeptidstoffwechsel bei Leberinsuffizienz 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1031-1032KeywordsAmino acidsBlood plasmaCirrhosisEnzymesPlasma renin activitySodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prescriptions on bioterrorism have it backwards
Authors: H. W Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Rosen makes several factual misstatements in his editorial on bioterrorism.1 For example, the vaccine for anthrax has been shown to be effective only for the cutaneous form of anthrax and not for the inhalation form used in weapons.2 He states that anthrax vaccine is not being produced, but the Pentagon has embarked on a massive effort to produce this vaccine and to inoculate all US troops on active duty. This programme is now under sharp attack in Congress for possible adverse …
Episacroiliac Lipoma as a Cause of Low-Back Pain
Authors: Kermit H. Katz, Morton S. Berk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

LOW-back pain has long been one of the common symptoms confronting practicing physicians. Its causes are numerous, extending into almost every specialized sphere of medical and surgical interest. Inasmuch as many disorders manifest themselves as the clinical symptom of low-back pain, progress in this field is made with the recognition of distinct etiologic entities lending themselves to sure diagnosis and specific treatment. In recent years the presence of painful, tender lobules of fat as one cause of low-back pain has been recognized with increasing frequency. From recent reports in the literature and from our own experience, it appears probable that . . .
Comparison of ion channel distribution and expression in cardiomyocytes of canine pulmonary veins versus left atrium
Authors: P MELNYK, J EHRLICH, M POURRIER, L VILLENEUVE, T CHA, S NATTEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Cardiomyocytes in pulmonary vein (PV) sleeves are important in atrial fibrillation (AF), but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Pulmonary veins have different ionic current properties compared to left atrium, with pulmonary vein inward-rectifier currents being smaller and delayed-rectifier currents larger than in left atrium.Expression and distribution of the inward-rectifier subunits Kir2.1 and Kir2.3, the rapid delayed-rectifier alpha-subunit ERG, the slow delayed-rectifier alpha-subunit KvLQT1, the beta-subunit minK, the L-type Ca(2+)-subunit Ca(v)1.2, and the Na(+),Ca(2+)-exchanger were quantified by Western blot on isolated cardiomyocytes and localized by immunohistochemistry in tissue sections obtained from canine hearts.Western blotting indicated significantly greater expression of ERG (by 28%, P<0.05) and KvLQT1 (by 34%, P<0.05) in pulmonary vein versus left atrial (LA) cardiomyocytes, but smaller Kir2.3 and similar Kir2.1, Ca(v)1.2 and Na(+),Ca(2+)-exchanger expression in PV. Kir2.1 exhibited weak transverse tubular distribution in both regions. Kir2.3 localized to intercalated disks in both regions, and to transverse tubules in left atrium but not pulmonary vein. ERG staining was more intense in pulmonary vein than left atrium, localizing to transverse tubules in both regions and intercalated disks in pulmonary veins. KvLQT1 was more intensely expressed in pulmonary veins, with a transverse tubular and intercalated disk localization, versus a more diffuse signal in left atrium. The Na(+),Ca(2+)-exchanger localized to transverse tubules, plasma membranes and intercalated disks with similar intensity in each region.Greater ERG and KvLQT1 abundance in pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes, lower abundance of Kir2.3 in pulmonary veins and differential pulmonary vein subcellular distribution of Kir2.3, ERG and KvLQT1 subunits may contribute to ionic current differences between pulmonary vein and left atrial cardiomyocytes.
Statistical Analysis of Patients with Ureteral Calculi
Authors: Theodore R. Fetter
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Analysis of 318 cases of ureteral calculi was carried out to provide information regarding the epidemiology, clinical course, and treatment results of this disorder. No distinct seasonal incidence was found. The majority of patients were over 30 years old, the peak incidence occurring in the fifth decade. Males outnumbered females by a three to one ratio in the over-all series. The incidence among Negroes was low. Hyperparathyroidism, diabetes, gout, collagen disorders, cholelithiasis, and pregnancy were infrequently encountered among the patients in the series. Pain was the most common symptom and began between midnight and noon in 75% of cases. Upper and midureteral stones and stones larger than 4 mm were most often removed by open operation, whereas low-lying stones and those measuring less than 4 mm were more frequently removed by cytoscopic means.
Screening for schistosomiasis among the Yemeni population in Eccles.
Authors: P L Ganvir, J M Packer, R H Mallard
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A population of Yemenis living in the north of England was screened for schistosomiasis. Schistosome ova were found in the urine of five of the 104 patients who were screened, but only two received treatment, owing mainly to the mobility of the population. The results of the screening programme showed that it is possible to obtain the enthusiastic cooperation of many individuals, and organisations, most of whom do not normally work together as a team.
Design, synthesis and antitumor activities of fluoroquinolone C-3 heterocycles (IV): s-triazole Schiff–Mannich bases derived from ofloxacin
Authors: Guoqiang Hu, Guoqiang Wang, Nannan Duan, Xiaoyi Wen, Tieyao Cao, Songqiang Xie, Wenlong Huang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

The aim of this research was to produce novel antitumor fluoroquinolones from antibacterial analogs by introduction of a heterocyclic ring as a bioisostere of the C-3 carboxylic acid group. To this end, two series of eleven s-triazole derivatives bearing functionalized side chains of Schiff bases and Schiff–Mannich bases were designed and synthesized. Structures were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data after which in vitro antitumor activity against L1210, CHO and HL60 cell lines was evaluated in the MTT assay. Compounds possessing a free phenol group were particularly active and warrant further development.