tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhanced natural killer cell targeting of cancer stem cells using Cetuximab
Authors: Steven K Grossenbacher, Erik Ames, Stephanie Mac, Ragheb Masoud, Robert J Canter, Arta M Monjazeb, William J Murphy
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare population of cancer cells which have been shown to be capable of resisting conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation. Their persistence following therapeutic intervention, coupled with their stem like nature, endows these cells
The Institute of Medicine Report<i>Sodium Intake in Populations: Assessment of Evidence</i>
Authors: Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Breast and Other Cancers in Families with Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Authors: Michael Swift, Pamela J. Reitnauer, Daphne Morrell, Charles L. Chase
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Patients who are homozygous for ataxia-telangiectasia have an exceptionally high incidence of cancer. In a group of families expected to have a high proportion of heterozygotes for ataxia-telangiectasia, we tested the hypothesis that such heterozygotes, estimated to make up 0.68 to 7.7 percent of the U.S. white population, also have an excess cancer risk. Retrospective cancer incidence rates in adult blood relatives of patients with ataxiatelangiectasia in 110 white non-Amish families were significantly elevated over the incidence rates in spouse controls (rate ratios, 1.6 for men [P = 0.032]; 2.0 for women [P = 0.013]). For persons who are heterozygous for ataxia-telangiectasia, the relative risk of cancer was estimated to be 2.3 for men (P = 0.014) and 3.1 for women (P = 0.004). Breast cancer in women was the cancer most clearly associated with heterozygosity for ataxia-telangiectasia (rate ratio, 3.0 [P = 0.028]; heterozygote relative risk, 6.8 [P = 0.006]). On the basis of this estimated relative risk of 6.8 and an estimated heterozygote frequency in the general population of 1.4 percent, 8.8 percent of patients with breast cancer in the U.S. white population would be heterozygous for ataxia-telangiectasia. We conclude that heterozygous carriers of the gene for ataxia-telangiectasia have an excess risk of cancer, particularly breast cancer in women. (N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1289–94.)
Acetate or bicarbonate for haemodialysis?
Authors: M A Mansell, A J Wing
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Thomas Graham, a Scotsman who lived from 1805–1869, demonstrated that vegetable parchment acts as a semipermeable membrane1. He coated parchment with albumin to close any defects then stretched it over a wooden or guttapercha hoop which he floated in a tank of water. Into the hoop he put a combination of crystalloid and colloid and demonstrated that only the crystalloid diffused through the parchment into the water. Graham coined the term dialysis for this phenomenon. He later repeated the experiment using urine and again showed that only the crystalloid matter passed into the water, and that when the water was evaporated to dryness it yielded a white crystalloid powder which was mainly urea. Graham was a chemist rather than a physician and as such did not apply dialysis to animals.
Impact of CYP2C19 variant genotypes on clinical efficacy of antiplatelet treatment with clopidogrel: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: T. Bauer, H. J. Bouman, J. W. van Werkum, N. F. Ford, J. M. ten Berg, D. Taubert
Journal: BMJ (2011)

To evaluate the accumulated information from genetic association studies investigating the impact of variants of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotype on the clinical efficacy of clopidogrel.Systematic review and meta-analysis with a structured search algorithm and prespecified eligibility criteria for retrieval of relevant studies; dominant genetic model assumptions and quantitative methods for calculating summary effect estimates from study level odds ratios; systematic assessment of bias within and between studies; and grading of the cumulative evidence by consensus criteria.Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, online databases, contents pages and bibliographies of general medical, cardiovascular, pharmacological, and genetic journals. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Original full length reports assessing the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events or stent thrombosis over a follow-up period of at least a month in association with carrier status for the loss of function or gain of function CYP2C19 allele in adult patients with coronary artery disease and a clinical presentation of acute coronary syndrome or stable angina pectoris who were taking clopidogrel.15 studies met the inclusion criteria. The random effects summary odds ratio for stent thrombosis in carriers of at least one CYP2C19 loss of function allele versus non-carriers combining nine studies was 1.77 (95% confidence interval 1.31 to 2.40; P < 0.001). This nominally significant odds ratio was subject to considerable bias across the studies (small study effect bias and replication diversity). The adjustment for these quality modifiers tended to abolish the association. The corresponding random effects summary odds ratio of major adverse cardiovascular events for 12 studies combined was 1.11 (0.89 to 1.39; P = 0.36). The random effects summary odds ratio of stent thrombosis in carriers versus non-carriers of at least one CYP2C19*17 gain of function allele for three studies combined was 0.99 (0.60 to 1.62; P = 0.96), and the corresponding odds ratio of major adverse cardiovascular events in five studies was 0.93 (0.75 to 1.14; P = 0.48). The overall quality of epidemiological evidence was graded as low, which excludes reliable clinical assessments.Accumulated information from genetic association studies does not indicate a substantial or consistent influence of CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms on the clinical efficacy of clopidogrel. The current evidence does not support the use of individualised antiplatelet regimens guided by CYP2C19 genotype.
Oncogenic Activity of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Mutant Alleles Is Enhanced by the T790M Drug Resistance Mutation
Authors: Nadia Godin-Heymann, Ianthe Bryant, Miguel N. Rivera, Lindsey Ulkus, Daphne W. Bell, David J. Riese, Jeffrey Settleman, Daniel A. Haber
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) characterize a subset of non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) with extraordinary sensitivity to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). A single secondary EGFR mutation, T790M, arising in cis with the primary activating mutation, confers acquired resistance to these drugs. However, the T790M mutation is also detected in the absence of drug selection, suggesting that it may provide a growth advantage. We show here that although T790M alone has only a modest effect on EGFR function, when combined with the characteristic activating mutations L858R or del746–750, it results in a dramatic enhancement of EGFR activity. The double mutants show potent ligand-independent receptor autophosphorylation associated with altered cellular phenotypes, soft agar colony formation, and tumorigenesis in nude mice. The significant gain-of-function properties of these double mutants may explain their initial presence before drug selection and their rapid selection as the single drug resistance mutation during therapy with gefitinib/erlotinib, and suggests that they may contribute to the adverse clinical course of TKI-resistant NSCLC. [Cancer Res 2007;67(15):7319–26]
TREATMENT OF MENINGOCOCCIC MENINGITIS AND MENINGOCOCCEMIA WITH SULFADIAZINE
Authors: JOHN H. DINGLE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

In August 1940 the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia, experienced the beginning of an epidemic of meningococcic meningitis which gradually increased in intensity during the next six months, reaching an apparent peak of case incidence during January and February 1941. The total number of hospitalized patients during this period was 93, of whom 82 were treated with sulfapyridine. The cases of 20 of these patients have been reported by Black and MacKenzie 1 and by Reid and Turner. 2 Seven deaths occurred in the entire sulfapyridine-treated group: 1 of the deaths was of a patient with diabetic acidosis, 3 occurred shortly after admission, and 1 was attributed to obstructive hydrocephalus which appeared as a late complication. In the other 2 cases the disease progressed without complications but terminated fatally in spite of sulfapyridine and specific serotherapy.  The opportunity to study this disease at the peak of the epidemic arose during
Causes of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Elemer K. Zsigmond
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent article inThe Journal214:1323, 1970), Barrett and Hey implicated diazepam given intravenously as the cause of ventricular arrhythmias. Since, in the second reported case, ventricular tachyarrhythmia occurred following administration of this drug before electric shock was applied, the application of post hoc, ergo propter hoc by these authors led to the erroneous incrimination of diazepam. I have many electrocardiographic tracings of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias during anesthesia in both normal and cardiac patients, especially in those taking drugs, primarily diuretics, quinidine, and digitalis alkaloids. During the administration of several hundred anesthetics for cardioversion, I occasionally observed arrhythmias before electric shock in patients who either received thiopental sodium of methoxyflurane for anesthesia, but cannot recall one instance after the intravenous administration of doses of 0.2 to 0.3 mg/kg of body weight of diazepam used in combination with breathing of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen
SCHOOL HEALTH POLICIES
Authors: CHARLES C. WILSON
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The term "school health policies" refers to the procedures that schools establish for protecting and promoting the health of school children. As physicians, regardless of the type of medical work in which we are engaged, we are concerned with these policies. If we are in private practice we are concerned because the children with whom the school is dealing are our patients. If we are in public health we are concerned because of needed coordination between school health education and public health activities, as well as because some communities place responsibilities for many school health activities on departments of health. Our interest in school health policies is particularly keen if we happen to be members of boards of education or are employed by boards of education as school medical advisors. If the former, we have the responsibility of deciding on policies for school health activities, and, if the latter, we
Tumor seeding after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of cancer in the body of the pancreas
Authors: A. Katanuma, H. Maguchi, S. Hashigo, M. Kaneko, T. Kin, K. Yane, R. Kato, S. Kato, R. Harada, M. Osanai, K. Takahashi, T. Shinohara, T. Itoi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

The use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been rapidly expanding as a useful examination technique which enables highly accurate histological diagnosis. Reports of tumor dissemination induced by EUS-FNA are rare [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. We recently encountered a case in which tumor cells were observed in the puncture line in a surgically resected specimen after EUS-FNA, and in which dissemination in the posterior wall of the upper gastric body was later observed.
Critical Care of the Obstetric Patient
Authors: Edwin M. Gold
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>Modern Management of High-Risk Pregnancy, edited by Niels H. Lauersen, 508 pp, with illus, $59.50, New York, Plenum Medical Book Co, 1983.</h3> <i>Critical Care of the Obstetric Patient</i>is not a run-of-the-mill text. Rather, it is a modern reference work for the practicing obstetrician-gynecologist, presenting state-of-the-art diagnosis, examination, and therapy for the critically ill obstetric patient and her at-risk fetus. The underlying theme is to correlate logically and lucidly physiological alterations with development of pathology, as a rational basis for relevant therapeutic intervention. In the 21 chapters the editor has selected the major medical complications adversely affecting the mother and fetus. Six chapters are devoted to management of hemorrhage, hemodynamic instability, coagulation deficiencies, diagnostic and therapeutic intervention, radiography including arteriography, volume replacement resuscitation, and conservative and surgical approaches to postpartum hemorrhage. Additional chapters address indications and requirements for enteral and parenteral nutrition, respiratory exchange problems, anesthesia rationale, therapy for hypertensive
Renal damage during treatment with antirheumatic drugs.
Authors: P A Dieppe, D V Doyle, H C Burry
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Renal damage during treatment with antirheumatic drugs Beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG) is a lyosomal enzyme found in high concentrations in the epithelial cells of renal tubules.It is excreted in the urine of normal people, but much larger quantities are excreted by patients with renal disease,' those taking nephrotoxic drugs,' and those starting treatment with aspirin.3Measuring NAG excretion may be a convenient way of assessing early damage to renal tubules: the output rises sharply within a few days of the onset of the insult.The present study used NAG excretion to explore the possibility that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs other than aspirin might also damage renal tubules.Enzyme excretion was also monitored in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving long-term treatment with D-penicillamine or levamisole. Methods and resultsNormal subjects, or patients with osteoarthritis but no renal disease or hypertension, were included in the first study.Aliquots of urine were obtained before giving the drugs, and again at intervals during the course of treatment.The drugs studied were aspirin, diflunisal, indomethacin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and azopropazone in their usual therapeutic doses.Aspirin and diflunisal were tested in both highand low-dose regimens.In a second study, patients with rheumatoid arthritis starting treatment with D-penicillamine or levamisole were observed for intervals up to six months.Measurements of disease activity were observed over the same period.Specimens were stored at 4°C before analysis by the fluorimetric method of Tucker et al.4The results are shown in the table.No significant increase in NAG excretion was seen with the lower dose of aspirin or diflunisal, but concen- trations were appreciably increased with higher dosage, this effect being sustained at six weeks.In tests on patients taking the other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, no increase in urinary excretion of NAG was observed.When patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with either D-penicillamine or levamisole a significant fall in NAG excretion was observed by the 12th week, and maintained at 26 weeks.This decrease seemed to correlate with improvement in clinical estimates of disease activity.No increase in NAG excretion was observed in eight other patients receiving D-penicillamine who developed proteinuria.
Subdural Hematoma Mimicking Skeletal Metastasis on I-131 Scan
Authors: Archi Agrawal, Ramesh Agrawal, Ramesh Asopa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

An I-131 whole-body scan with 3 mCi was done on a 66-years old man. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid was diagnosed in 2001. He presented with recurrence in the thyroid bed with extensive tracheal and subglottic involvement in 2006. He then underwent wide excision of the mass. He was treated 4 times with I-131, with a cumulative dose of 707 mCi. On each occasion, his post-therapy scan showed concentration in the neck region, except once when the scan showed D-10 vertebral concentration. The recent I-131 scan showed concentration in the left side of skull and this was a new finding. Before planning I-131 treatment, a plain CT scan was advised. This showed a crescentic hypodensity in the left frontoparietal region involving the temporal lobe, suggestive of a chronic subdural hematoma with shift of the midline structures to the right. The patient later gave a history of trauma 5 days earlier. The patient underwent left parietal burr hole surgery with evacuation of the subdural hematoma, which confirmed the findings of the CT scan. Though radioiodine whole-body imaging is the most accurate method for the diagnosis of metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer, false-positive images occur occasionally, either due to nonthyroidal causes or due to contamination by body secretions. This case reiterates the fact that abnormal uptake, other than physiological uptake, should be evaluated carefully to avoid unnecessary therapeutic interventions. It is also essential to carefully distinguish false-positive sites of I-131 localization.
Recurring spontaneous pneumothorax concomitant with menstruation
Authors: R. Davies
Journal: Thorax (1968)

Details are given of nine cases of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax concomitant with menstruation; of these, four are culled from the literature. In every case the time interval between the onset of menstruation and the development of a pneumothorax has been very close, and from the evidence presented some causal relationship is envisaged. Endometriosis is considered as a possible cause. Two of the patients had proven endometriosis of the diaphragm and this condition was almost certainly present in a third patient. Three patients had pelvic endometriosis. The pneumothorax always occurred on the right side, and the possible significance of this is discussed.
Abstract 5566: Elevated CXCR4 expression is clinically correlated with advanced stage neuroblastoma: examination of its role as a possible therapeutic target
Authors: Alex J. Carlisle, Bruce Pawal, Rosalind Carlisle, Jayanti Jagannathan, Daniel Martinez, Huaqing Zhao, Qun Wang, Kristina Cole, Christopher A. Lyttle, Nhu Nguyen, John M. Maris
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ABSTRACT Purpose: Recent evidence suggests that expression of CXCR4 is associated with the growth and progression of neuroblastoma. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of CXCR4 as in independent predictive biomarker and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. Experimental Design: mRNA Expression profiling was performed on 101 diagnostic neuroblastoma primary tumor samples using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays. CXCR4 expression was stratified by risk and stage, and statistically significant differences in mRNA levels were determined. Protein expression profiling was performed by conducting immunohistochemical analysis of CXCR4 expression in 92 neuroblastoma tumors on a tissue microarray constructed at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP); expression levels were stratified by stage and compared to determine significant correlations. To examine the role of CXCR4 in neuroblastoma progression, the selective CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 was used to observe the effect of CXCR4 inhibition on the growth of neuroblastoma cells in culture and in mice. Results: CXCR4 expression was significantly higher in stage 1 vs. ganglioneuroma tumors, as assessed at the protein level (P&amp;lt;0.0001), and in stage 4 tumors vs. stage 1 tumors, at both the mRNA and protein levels (P&amp;lt;0.01). Additionally, a comparison of CXCR4 transcriptional expression in patient tumors stratified by risk revealed greater CXCR4 expression in high-risk groups compared to low and intermediate groups (P&amp;lt;0.002); interestingly, CXCR4 protein expression was not associated with overall survival or progression-free survival (PFS). Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with AMD3100 inhibited growth of these cells in culture and in mouse xenografts. Conclusion: We conclude that increased levels of CXCR4 expression are associated with advanced tumor stage and a high risk population in neuroblastoma patients, demonstrating the clinical value of CXCR4 as an independent biomarker for risk classification and patient stratification; additionally, CXCR4 should be considered a novel and viable candidate for targeted therapeutic intervention in neuroblastoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5566. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5566
Simultaneous study of five candidate target antigens (CD20, CD22, CD33, CD52, HER2) for antibody-based immunotherapy in B-ALL: a monocentric study of 44 cases
Authors: P Chevallier, N Robillard, G Houille, S Ayari, T Guillaume, J Delaunay, J-L Harousseau, H Avet-Loiseau, M Mohty, R Garand
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Phenytoin dependent fibrosis in polyfibromatosis syndrome*
Authors: G.E. PIERARD, CH.M. LAPIERE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Journal Article Phenytoin dependent fibrosis in polyfibromatosis syndrome Get access G.E. PIERARD, G.E. PIERARD Department of Dermatology, University of Liege, Belgium G.E.Pierard, Department of Dermatology, Hôpital de Bavière, Boulevard de la Constitution, 66 B‐4020 Liege, Belgique. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CH.M. LAPIERE CH.M. LAPIERE Department of Dermatology, University of Liege, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 100, Issue 3, 1 March 1979, Pages 335–341, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1979.tb06208.x Published: 01 March 1979
Huge hemothorax caused by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a submucosal tumor of the gastric fornix
Authors: Hiroshi Kawakami, Masaki Kuwatani, Kimitoshi Kubo, Yoshimasa Kubota, Kazumichi Kawakubo, Yoko Abe, Shuhei Kawahata, Naotake Homma, Yasuhiro Hida, Naoya Sakamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is the most efficacious method for sampling solid lesions adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract. A recent meta-analysis of EUS-FNA complications reported a bleeding rate of 0.13 % [1]. Here, we present a case of hemothorax in a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy for myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation. The hemothorax developed after the patient underwent EUS-FNA for a gastric submucosal tumor.
The Effect of Gefitinib on B-RAF Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Transfectants
Authors: Shinichi Toyooka, Akiko Uchida, Hisayuki Shigematsu, Junichi Soh, Atsuko Ogino, Minoru Takata, Katsuyuki Kiura, Mamoru Ouchida, Takayuki Kosaka, Motoi Aoe, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Hiroshi Date
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)