tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis—A Feature of Periodic Peritonitis
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: JAMA (1961)

MORE than 30 descriptions have been published of tissues excised at laparotomy from victims of periodic peritonitis. Except for a few details, the lesions were similar and unspecific. At laparotomy between episodes, the peritoneum was normal or showed evidence of subsiding inflammation and scars or adhesions as results of many previous bouts. During an episode, sterile fluid and flecks of exudate often were present. The serosa of the mesentery, diaphragm, appendix, and visceral organs was edematous, congested, or inflamed, with occasional petechiae. Fresh and old, dense or thin adhesions and scars usually existed. Microscopically, the vessels were dilated and engorged. Varying proportions of lymphocytes, monocytes, plasmacytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils invaded the serosa, subserosa, and occasionally the muscularis. Sections or blocks of tissue from 8 patients were obtained from pathologists for restudy, but no further information accrued concerning serosal lesions. As a new observation, hepatitis was present in 2 patients.  Report
TCT-644 Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Coronary Plaque Composition Assessed by Integrated Backscatter IVUS
Authors: Soichiro Kumagai, Katsuhisa Waseda, Hiroaki Takashima, Akiyoshi Kurita, Hirohiko Ando, Hideki Ishii, Mutsuharu Hayashi, Daiji Yoshikawa, Tatsuaki Matsubara, Toyoaki Murohara, Tetsuya Amano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Detection of Early Arteriosclerosis by External Pulse Recording
Authors: David Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Measurement, during reactive hyperemia, of the systolic slope of the pulse rate as recorded from a pneumatic cuff applied to the calf, appears to differentiate sharply normal subjects from arteriosclerotic subjects. There is slight overlap between the two groups for systolic slope at the foot and for mean pulse deflection at either level. Characteristic low values for systolic slope were obtained in all the arteriosclerotic subjects with symptomatic occlusion, and in limbs labeled as "normal" as opposed to "unilateral" disease. The test appears to depend upon arterial constriction or rigidity, with or without a pressure gradient, and should thus be more sensitive for identifying early disease than tests based upon pressure changes alone. This simple method is proposed for the epidemiological evaluation of arteriosclerosis. Its validity in predicting symptomatic disease will require further prospective studies.
Ollier’s Disease
Authors: VIVEK TRIKHA, VIKAS GUPTA, RAKESH KUMAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Department of Orthopaedics* and Nuclear Medicine,† All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India Received for publication January 2, 2002. Revision accepted July 11, 2002. Correspondence: Vikas Gupta, Department of Orthopaedics, A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi, India, Pin. 110029. E-mail: [email protected]
THE CALCIUM CONTENT OF THE BLOOD-SERUM IN SKIN-DISEASES
Authors: G. H. PERCIVAL, C. P. STEWART
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1927)

Journal Article THE CALCIUM CONTENT OF THE BLOOD‐SERUM IN SKIN‐DISEASES Get access G. H. PERCIVAL, M.R.C.P.E., D.P.H., G. H. PERCIVAL, M.R.C.P.E., D.P.H. Grocers'Company Research Scholar From the Department for Diseases of the Skin, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, and the Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. P. STEWART, M.SC., PH.D C. P. STEWART, M.SC., PH.D From the Department for Diseases of the Skin, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, and the Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 39, Issue 4, 1 April 1927, Pages 144–148, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1927.tb10063.x Published: 01 April 1927
Maintaining perioperative normothermia: Forced air warming devices require risk assessments before use
Authors: R. P D Cooke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—A range of medical devices can be used to maintain a normal temperature during operations.1 As mentioned by Harper et al, forced air warming devices are popular and widely used.2 However, their features vary between manufacturers, and few evaluations comparing performance have been published. This is of concern since these devices …
Substituted imidazopyridines as potent inhibitors of HCV replication
Authors: Inge Vliegen, Jan Paeshuyse, Tine De Burghgraeve, Laura S. Lehman, Matthew Paulson, I-Hung Shih, Eric Mabery, Nina Boddeker, Erik De Clercq, Hans Reiser, David Oare, William A. Lee, Weidong Zhong, Steven Bondy, Gerhard Pürstinger, Johan Neyts
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

Following lead optimization, a set of substituted imidazopyridines was identified as potent and selective inhibitors of in vitro HCV replication. The particular characteristics of one of the most potent compounds in this series (5-[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-isoxazolyl]methyl]-2-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine or GS-327073), were studied.Antiviral activity of GS-327073 was evaluated in HCV subgenomic replicons (genotypes 1b, 1a and 2a), in the JFH1 (genotype 2a) infectious system and against replicons resistant to various selective HCV inhibitors. Combination studies of GS-327073 with other selective HCV inhibitors were performed.Fifty percent effective concentrations for inhibition of HCV subgenomic 1b replicon replication ranged between 2 and 50 nM and were 100-fold higher for HCV genotype 2a virus. The 50% cytostatic concentrations were > or = 17 microM, thus resulting in selectivity indices of > or = 340. GS-327073 retained wild-type activity against HCV replicons that were resistant to either HCV protease inhibitors or several polymerase inhibitors. GS-327073, when combined with either interferon alpha, ribavirin, a nucleoside polymerase or a protease inhibitor resulted in overall additive antiviral activity. Combinations containing GS-327073 proved highly effective in clearing hepatoma cells from HCV.GS-327073 is a potent in vitro inhibitor of HCV replication either alone or in combination with other selective HCV inhibitors.
Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disease reflected by elevated C-reactive protein?
Authors: Chloe A. Allen Maycock, Donald L. Lappé, Brian G. Crandall, Joseph B. Muhlestein, Benjamin D. Horne, Tami L. Bair, Qunyu Li, Sandra P. Reyna, Dale G. Renlund, Jeffrey L. Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Thrombolysis of the Experimental Radioactive Pulmonary Embolus
Authors: Michael Hume
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE initial objective in the experiments described below was to demonstrate if possible the action in vivo of thrombolytic agents to dissolve blood clots. It is possible to say now that this early objective has been achieved. How it has been related to several agents that are claimed to dissolve blood clots will be demonstrated. So many aspects of the experiment have been shown to have direct clinical counterparts that it appears now that the present status of this type of therapy can be put into perspective by a summary of what has been learned in this experiment. One notable . . .
Medical Instruction at Fever and Small-Pox Hospitals
Authors: A. C. Scovell
Journal: BMJ (1890)

<h3>Background</h3> The long-term functional outcome of aphasia after stroke is uncertain, even though this information is needed as early as possible for adequate patient care and support. This observational prospective study was aimed at predicting functional outcome at 1 year after stroke. <h3>Methods</h3> We examined linguistic components (ScreeLing) and functional verbal communication (Aphasia Severity Rating Scale, ASRS) in 147 aphasic patients. The ScreeLing was administered at 1, 2 and 6 weeks after stroke; the ASRS at 1 week and 1 year. The relationships between linguistic, demographic and stroke characteristics, and good functional outcome at 1 year (ASRS 4 or 5) were examined with logistic regression analyses. <h3>Results</h3> The baseline linguistic components (ie, semantics, phonology and syntax) were significant predictors (p&lt;0.001) for 1-year outcome in univariable analyses. In multivariable analysis, these variables explained 46.5% of the variance, with phonology being the only significant predictor (p=0.003). Age, Barthel Index score, educational level and haemorrhagic stroke were identified as other significant predictors of outcome. A prognostic model of these five baseline predictors explained 55.7% of the variance. The internally validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.89, indicating good predictive performance. Adding the degree of phonological recovery between 1 and 6 weeks after stroke to this model increased the explained variance to 65% and the AUC to 0.91. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The outcome of aphasia at 1 year after stroke can be predicted in the first week by the phonology score, the Barthel Index score, age, educational level and stroke subtype, with phonology being the strongest predictor.
The FLS2-Associated Kinase BIK1 Directly Phosphorylates the NADPH Oxidase RbohD to Control Plant Immunity
Authors: Lei Li, Meng Li, Liping Yu, Zhaoyang Zhou, Xiangxiu Liang, Zixu Liu, Gaihong Cai, Liyan Gao, Xiaojuan Zhang, Yingchun Wang, She Chen, Jian-Min Zhou
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2014)
Elevation of thromboxane B2 levels in patients with classic and variant angina Pectoris.
Authors: M Tada, T Kuzuya, M Inoue, K Kodama, M Mishima, M Yamada, M Inui, H Abe
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Thromboxane A2 (TXA,), a vasoconstrictive prostanoid, causes intense spasm of isolated coro- nary vessels and increases platelet aggregability.To define the role of TXA, in the pathogenesis of angina pectoris, plasma levels of thromboxane B, (TXB2), a biologically inactive product of TXAs, were determined in the coronary sinus (CS), aorta (AO) and peripheral vein of 30 patients with angina pectoris.Determinations were made by radioimmunoassay using anti-TXB, antisera and [3HJTXB2.Acidic lipids were extracted from plasma after treatment of samples with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and indomethacin.The 18 patients with effort angina and angiographically documented coronary stenosis (2 75%) showed a marked in- crease in peripheral TXB, (mean + SD 505 ± 178 pg/mI plasma) compared with 24 normal subjects (254 : 89 pg/ml plasma; p < 0.01).When AO and CS TXB% levels were determined in 10 cases with simultaneous mea- surements of CS blood flow during atrial pacing, calculated TXB% release in coronary circulation at rest (-2.3 ± 14.8 ng/min) markedly rose during pacing-induced myocardial ischemia (34.7 + 50.6 ng/min; p < 0.01), while in four control subjects with normal coronary arteries the values at rest (-1.0 ± 5.0 ng/min) did not change significantly at peak pacing (-1.5 ± 10.9 ng/min).All 12 patients with variant angina had a marked increase in peripheral TXB2 (802 ± 249 pg/ml plasma;p < 0.01); two of five cases who were subjected to cor- onary sampling showed increased TXB2 levels both in CS and AO during a spontaneous attack or attacks in- duced by ergonovine or by atrial pacing, which were accompanied by coronary vasospasm and fluctuation of CS blood flow.These results indicate that increased TXA2 production in the coronary circulation may be at least partly responsible for coronary vasospasm and angina.MYOCARDIAL OXYGEN DEMANDS are met by variations of coronary blood flow, which may be mediated by endogenous chemical substances, such as adenosine, prostaglandins and catecholamines.Among these, prostaglandin-like substances (prostanoids) have recently been considered in the ischemic
Risk and Outcome of Anesthesia
Authors: Ellison C. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The current anesthesia patient safety movement is about a decade old, having started with the establishment of a Patient Safety and Risk Management Committee of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA). By the middle of the 1980s, the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation was incorporated, and the first Anesthesia Standards were published by Harvard<sup>1</sup>and subsequently by the ASA. During the same period a number of books and review journals on risk management in anesthesia have been published, beginning with a 1984<i>International Anesthesiology Clinics</i>volume entitled "Analysis of Anesthetic Mishaps."<sup>2</sup>These publications have come largely from the English-speaking and other Western countries. Most writers have examined anesthesia risk from a historical perspective and then taken various approaches to review the complete subject. In 1988 David L. Brown, MD, edited the first edition of a book entitled<i>Risk and Outcome in Anesthesia</i>,<sup>3</sup>taking a unique approach. After examining
STENOSIS OF THE LARYNX AND TRACHEA.(Reported from the Transactions of the Chicago Medical Society.)
Authors: E. FLETCHER INGALS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Dr. Ingals presented the history of a young woman, 23 years of age, who came under his care for stenosis of the larynx and trachea: Five years previously she had been on the point of suffocation from the pressure of a large goitre, when tracheotomy had been done by Dr. Senn and artificial respiration established, which had saved her life. Dr. Senn had at that time removed a wedge-shaped piece of the thyroid and opened the trachea with the thermo-cautery. He had then introduced as a tracheotomy tube, a new device of his own, which possessed some advantages over the ordinary tubes. Fig. 1.—Half size. Senn's tracheotomy tube. A B—Rubber trachea tube. C D—Silver tube to be worn inside the rubber tube A B, as shown at c d. This tube, represented in Fig. 1, consists of a curved silver tube about one-quarter of an inch in diameter and two
Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review
Authors: Harold R. Collard, Sanjay Saint, Michael A. Matthay
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common cause of morbidity in critically ill patients. Interventions beneficial to the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia would therefore have a significant impact on the care of these patients. Purpose: To perform a literature review and synthesis of methods for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Data Sources: MEDLINE (19662001), the Cochrane Library, and bibliographies of retrieved articles. Study Selection: Studies were required to be prospective and controlled in design and to evaluate clinically important or surrogate outcomes. Surrogate outcomes were required to have a direct link to clinically important outcomes supported by the literature. Data Extraction: Data on patients, definitions, study design, and outcomes were abstracted and graded by using preestablished criteria. Data Synthesis: The preventive practices with the strongest supportive evidence were semi-recumbent positioning, sucralfate instead of H2-antagonists for stress ulcer prophylaxis, and selective digestive tract decontamination. Aspiration of subglottic secretions and oscillating beds may be useful in select populations. There is no evidence to support specific methods of enteral feeding or increased frequency of ventilator circuitry changes. Conclusions: After evaluation of potential benefits and risks, the authors recommend considering several specific interventions to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia: semi-recumbent positioning in all eligible patients, sucralfate rather than H2-antagonists in patients at low to moderate risk for gastrointestinal tract bleeding, and aspiration of subglottic secretions and oscillating beds in select patient populations. Selective digestive tract decontamination is not recommended because routine use may increase antimicrobial resistance.
Foetal Deaths from Antenatal Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: R. R. Gordon, T. Dean
Journal: BMJ (1955)

MEDICAL JOURNAL71and in this group there is a foetal mortality of 5%.This means that foetal distress due to post-maturity may lead to four caesarean sections in 1,000 confinements, a figure which has been exceeded by several of the writers who advocate surgical induction of labour as the treatment of choice. SummaryCase reports were obtained from 5,000 patients by means of a personal interview during the first week of the puerperium.These reports showed that in 53.1% of single vertex presentations labour began spontan- eously during the 40th or 41st week of pregnancy.In 7.4% the pregnancy was prolonged for more than 14 days after the estimated date of confinement.There was no relationship between the length of the men- strual cycle and the duration of pregnancy, pro- viding that the cycle was not unduly prolonged.There was an increase of foetal mortality to 5.1% if pregnancy was prolonged for more than 14 days after the estimated date of confinement.It is suggested that this mortality resulted from foetal anoxia in utero.By reference to a series of 564 stillbirths this foetal anoxia was mainly a risk occurring during the first and second stages of labour.Induction of labour did not appear to be the best means of combating this risk.A policy of " masterly inactivity " is advocated until labour starts spontaneously.Then the strictest watch for foetal distress is indicated, with resort to caesarean section at once in cases in which it occurs.
The Cripple Liberation Front Marching Band Blues
Authors: Richard L. Bryant
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Lorenzo Wilson Milam has written a graphic but heartrending description of his travels through the hills and valleys of medical care and rehabilitation after contracting polio in 1952.  We are with the author as he is admitted to a chronic disease hospital, where he endures the agony of twice-daily electric muscle stimulation and exercises administered by Miss Bland, a physical therapist, and the shredding of his dignity by ward nurse Stumpf and her colleagues.  He would have been left to the tender mercies of these medical care practitioners and their leader, Dr Jackyl, who views each patient as an untapped source of revenue to be surgically exploited, were it not for the intervention of his mother, who arranges for him to be transferred to Warm Springs Medical Center.  At Warm Springs, Milam undergoes an uplifting of his physical and mental status. He describes this as People like me, who have
Doctor owed no duty of care to job applicant
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Occupational health physicians who advise employers not to hire a job applicant on medical grounds cannot be sued for negligence by the job seeker, the Court of Appeal ruled last week.

Three senior judges rejected an appeal by Carmelita Kapfunde from a county court ruling that Dr Diana Daniel owed no duty to Ms Kapfunde to give careful advice when she advised Abbey National not to take her on its permanent staff.

Ms Kapfunde, aged 42, who was born in the West Indies, has sickle cell anaemia, which is most common in people of West Indian or African descent. …
SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF A CAVERNOUS ANGIOMA OF THE SPLEEN
Authors: Charles Everett Haines
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Cavernous angioma of the spleen is rare. Ewing quotes Dowd as having collected only thirteen cases of angioma of the spleen through 1913. 1 Again, while rupture of the spleen is fairly common, spontaneous rupture of a cavernous angioma of the spleen is rare.  REPORT OF CASE  History.  —A woman, aged 43, white, married, had had irregular attacks of indigestion, and several attacks of arthritis, possibly traceable to infections at the roots of the teeth.  About twenty-four hours before coming to the hospital, while standing in the preparation of dinner, the patient was seized with extremely severe, sudden pain in the epigastrium. Her husband and her son and daughter were with her at the time of the seizure; they agreed with her that there had been no trauma.  The patient was immediately put to bed but a physician was not called at the time. Within an hour she became nauseated;
PNEUMOPERICARDIUM FOLLOWING PARACENTESIS: REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Charles E. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>History.</h3> —R. J. B., man, aged 39, evangelist, was admitted to the sanatorium, May 2, 1916, complaining of pain in the right side, dyspnea and progressive weakness. His father died at 60 from the grip, his mother at 47 from malaria. One maternal aunt died from pulmonary tuberculosis. His wife and four children were in good health. In early childhood he had intermittent fever, and frequent attacks of colic and diarrhea. Six years before admission, his health began to fail. At that time he had a persistent cough, and on examination pulmonary tuberculosis was suspected and he went west, where he gradually regained his health. Later he returned to his home in Texas, where he resumed his work. He continued in apparently good health until three years before, when he had an attack of acute appendicitis, and the appendix was removed. At the time of operation, numerous adhesions were found
Isolated extramedullary relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Leonardo Potenza, Mario Luppi, Giovanni Riva, Monica Morselli, Angela Ferrari, Annalisa Imovilli, Francesca Giacobbi, Paola Temperani, Amedea Donelli, Franco Narni, Giuseppe Torelli
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Isolated extramedullary relapse (IEMR) is a pattern of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse post‐allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT). Less is known about IEMR post‐autologous BMT (autoBMT) and about factors associated with IEMR. We report a case of a woman with M4 AML who experienced IEMR post‐autoBMT and review the related literature. Seventy‐two alloBMT and 3 autoBMT patients, including ours, were identified. The review suggests that an M2 or M4 French‐American‐British (FAB) phenotype, intermediate cytogenetic risk group, and chromosome 8 abnormalities are more frequently associated with the occurrence of IEMR. IEMR occurs earlier in autoBMT than in alloBMT. Combined treatment with radiation and high‐dose chemotherapy may be effective. When we searched the European Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (EBMTR) database, we found the incidence of IEMR to be statistically greater in alloBMT than in autoBMT (11% vs. 6%; P = 0.02), but no correlations have been found with the conditioning transplant regimen used. A closer follow‐up, including body and central nervous system scan, should be considered in patients who are undergoing BMT presenting with several IEMR‐associated factors. Am. J. Hematol. 81:45–50, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bromodeoxyuridine in tumors and chromosomes detected with a monoclonal antibody.
Authors: G Morstyn, S M Hsu, T Kinsella, H Gratzner, A Russo, J B Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) and immunohistochemistry, we measured the incorporation of this thymidine analogue into the DNA of human normal and malignant cells exposed in vivo. BUdR given as a constant intravenous infusion for 12 or 24 h daily for up to 13 d resulted in a steady-state plasma level of 10(-6) M during the infusion. We demonstrated extensive incorporation of BUdR into both normal skin, normal bone marrow, and malignant melanoma cells. In addition, this infusion of BUdR was adequate to identify sister chromatid exchanges from human marrow chromosomes exposed in vivo. Using this constant infusion, significant but reversible (acute) toxicity was observed with myelosuppression and skin photosensitivity. These techniques, which are considerably less cumbersome and time-consuming than the use of radioactive isotopes of thymidine, can be used for further human studies of cell kinetics and chromosomal replication in both normal and malignant cells.