tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4701: Acquisition of Oct-4 upregulation transactivates MDR1 and is associated with increased tumor recurrence in bladder cancer
Authors: Chia-Sing Lu, Ai-Li Shiau, Gia-Shing Shieh, Bing-Hua Su, Wu-Chou Su, Wen-Horng Yang, Chao-Liang Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Platinum-based drug like cisplatin is the standard first-line drug to treat patients with bladder cancer. However, tumors may recur and develop into multiple-drug resistant characteristics. The acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapy is a challenge in the treatment of bladder cancer relapse. Cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has been an attractive theory. CSCs can resist therapeutic assaults, giving rise to multiple drug resistance and promotion of tumor relapse and metastasis. It has been shown that the fraction of cancer cells expressing MDR1 that functions as an energy-dependent drug efflux pump may be associated with Oct-4 expression. We have demonstrated that Oct-4 expression in bladder cancer predicts tumor progression. In the present study, we proposed that Oct-4 expression in bladder cancer increases MDR1 gene expression and thereby results in multiple drug resistance. We found a positive correlation between Oct-4 and MDR1 expression levels in clinical samples of bladder cancer. Furthermore, overexpression of Oct-4 increased MDR1 expression, which resulted in poor response to cisplatin in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cells. Conversely, knockdown of Oct-4 reduced MDR1 expression and rendered cells hypersensitive to cisplatin. We also verified that Oct-4 transactivated the MDR1 gene promoter by binding to the Oct-4 response element (ORE). More importantly, Oct-4 and MDR1 gene expression could be induced by treatment with cisplatin, suggesting that Oct-4 is a member of the MDR1 enhanceosome. Our data can explain, in part, the high recurrence rate and drug resistance of bladder cancer. For clinical implication, we demonstrated that reduction of Oct-4 expression by all-trans retinoic acid, a derivative of vitamin A, improved sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to gemcitabine and cisplatin. In addition, we found that high expression levels of Oct-4 and MDR1 were associated with high tumor recurrence. Taken together, our results provide evidence that Oct-4 plays an important role in cisplatin-acquired resistance in bladder cancer. They also implicate Oct-4 as a therapeutic target. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Chia-Sing Lu, Ai-Li Shiau, Gia-Shing Shieh, Bing-Hua Su, Wu-Chou Su, Wen-Horng Yang, Chao-Liang Wu. Acquisition of Oct-4 upregulation transactivates MDR1 and is associated with increased tumor recurrence in bladder cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4701. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4701
"Matching" Ventilation/Perfusion Images in Fat Embolization
Authors: JOSEPH J. SKARZYNSKI, JAMES D. SLAVIN, RICHARD P. SPENCER, MOZAFAREDDIN K. KARIMEDDINI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Forty-eight hours after fracture of the tibia and fibula, a 27-year-old man developed the triad of findings noted in the fat embolism syndrome (neurologic changes, respiratory distress, and petechlae). An initially normal chest-x-ray, which progressed to one of bilateral fluffy diffuse infiltrates, aided in making the diagnosis. Ventilation/perfusion lung images were performed at the time of the radiographic changes and showed “matching” defects. Transcapillary passage of lipid breakdown products was considered to be the cause. While all parts of the lung showed reduced ventilation/perfusion, the upper half of the lung fields was affected more prominently, as opposed to emboli of venous origin, which most frequently involve the lung bases.
Health needs of women who have sex with women
Authors: Morten Frisch
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Introductory paragraph</h3> Cardiovascular (CV) manifestations of COVID-19 infection carry significant morbidity and mortality. Current risk prediction for CV complications in COVID-19 is limited and existing approaches fail to account for the dynamic course of the disease. Here, we develop and validate the COVID-HEART predictor, a novel continuously-updating risk prediction technology to forecast CV complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The risk predictor is trained and tested with retrospective registry data from 2178 patients to predict two outcomes: cardiac arrest and imaging-confirmed thromboembolic events. In validating the model, we show that it predicts cardiac arrest with a median early warning time of 14 hours and an AUROC of 0.93, and thromboembolic events with a median early warning time of 168 hours and an AUROC of 0.85. The COVID-HEART predictor is anticipated to provide tangible clinical decision support in triaging patients and optimizing resource utilization, with its clinical utility potentially extending well beyond COVID-19.
Case 22-1975
Authors: John T. Truman, Edward P. Richardson, Harold F. Dvorak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseAn 18-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of inability to walk.His development was normal until the age of three and a half years, when he fell and injured the left hip; he walked poorly thereafter, even with the use of braces, and did not go to school. Six months before admission patchy areas of erythema were observed on the face and neck.There was a history of frequent "colds and fevers" in childhood. No comparable disorder had occurred in the patient's family.The temperature was 37°C, the pulse 74, and the respirations 16. The . . .
Isolation and Partial Characterization of a High Molecular Weight Cd/Zn-Binding Protein from the Kidney of the Scallop Placopecten magellanicus: Preliminary Studies
Authors: Bruce A. Fowler, Michael M. Megginson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Exposure of the scallop Placopecten magellanicus to 20 ppb Cd2+ in seawater for 7 weeks results in a 7-fold increase in the kidney cytosol content of Cd and 5-fold increase in Zn. Sephadex G-75 column chromatography of the kidney cytosol showed that most of the Cd and Zn were bound to a protein complex with an estimated molecular mass of 45,000 daltons. Further purification of this complex by DEAE A-25 column chromatography disclosed the presence of five peaks with varying degrees of affinity for the ion-exchange resin. One of these peaks (III) was successfully rechromatographed by ion-exchange chromatography and further purified by HPLC using a gel-permeation column. The resultant protein peak which was resistant to disaggregation by 20 mM dithiothreitol gave a preliminary amino acid composition with cysteine, glycine, alanine, and lysine as the major amino acids. The aromatic amino acid phenylalanine was also present. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum gave a 250/280 nm ratio of 2.5:1. Metal analysis of the purified protein showed that it contained Cd, Zn, and Cu in ratios of 1:1:1. Results of these studies indicate that scallop kidney produces a protein complex which appears to share both similarities with mammalian metallothionein with respect to the presence of both Cd and Zn but different with respect to apparent size, amino acid composition, and ultraviolet absorption spectrum.
The Quality of Life in Later Years
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The life of senior citizens was the subject of the Third Congress on the Quality of Life held recently in Chicago. Among those attending the congress were physicians and nurses, sociologists and psychologists, and economists and educators. On one of the panels even the senior citizens themselves were represented. I happened to overhear one young participant say to another, "Imagine, all of these oldsters have at one time been young, like us." Such a shocking realization! Yes, old people are young people who have lived longer, whose outlook on life may have changed with time, as have their social and economic conditions. The point at which a person is considered old has not been set by biological criteria. Sixty-five has been declared —arbitrarily—the age of retirement, and the term "senior citizen" has been introduced to denote this fact. Statisticians say that by 1980 approximately 12% of the population of the
ABDOMINAL PAIN AND PNEUMONIA.
Authors: S. A. FOOTE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The subject of abdominal pain masking and dominating the clinical features of pulmonary lesions has been discussed in two most interesting reports inThe Journalrecently. I have to record the following case: <h3>History.</h3> —D. W., female, unmarried, aged 20 years, American nativity, previous health good, had an attack of articular rheumatism in November, 1901, Joints of hand affected. Patient was taken sick Feb. 20, 1902. In the morning of this day patient complained of headache and backache, which were severe. She retired to her room and to bed. Chill followed by rise of temperature occurred. In the afternoon patient complained of severe pain in right iliac region which was moderately severe. Vomiting occurred repeatedly. Patient was given a mercurial purge which operated freely on morning of February 21. Patient did not complain of pain in right iliac region as on preceding day, but vomited during forenoon. At about 1 p.
Specific Language Disability
Authors: W. Moodie
Journal: BMJ (1952)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Action potential generation in neurons depends on a membrane potential threshold, and therefore on how subthreshold inputs influence this voltage. In oscillatory networks, for example, many neuron types have been shown to produce membrane potential (<i>V<sub>m</sub></i>) resonance: a maximum subthreshold response at a nonzero frequency. Resonance is usually measured by recording <i>V<sub>m</sub></i> in response to a sinusoidal current (<i>I<sub>app</sub></i>), applied at different frequencies (f), an experimental setting known as current clamp (I-clamp). Several recent studies, however, use the voltage clamp (V-clamp) method to control <i>V<sub>m</sub></i> with a sinusoidal input at different frequencies (<i>V<sub>app</sub></i>(<i>f</i>)) and measure the total membrane current (<i>I<sub>m</sub></i>). The two methods obey systems of differential equations of different dimensionality and, while I-clamp provides a measure of electrical impedance (<i>Z</i>(<i>f</i>) = <i>V<sub>m</sub></i>(<i>f</i>)/<i>I<sub>app</sub></i>(<i>f</i>)), V-clamp measures admittance (<i>Y</i>(<i>f</i>) = <i>I<sub>m</sub></i>(<i>f</i>)/<i>V<sub>app</sub></i>(<i>f</i>)). We analyze the relationship between these two measurement techniques. We show that, despite different dimensionality, in linear systems the two measures are equivalent: <i>Z</i> = <i>Y</i><sup>−1</sup>. However, nonlinear model neurons produce different values for <i>Z</i> and <i>Y</i><sup>−1</sup>. In particular, nonlinearities in the voltage equation produce a much larger difference between these two quantities than those in equations of recovery variables that describe activation and inactivation kinetics. Neurons are inherently nonlinear and, notably, with ionic currents that amplify resonance, the voltage clamp technique severely underestimates the current clamp response. We demonstrate this difference experimentally using the PD neurons in the crab stomatogastric ganglion. These findings are instructive for researchers who explore cellular mechanisms of neuronal oscillations.
SI Units in Hematology
Authors: Thomas J. Spira
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1988SI Units in HematologyThomas J. Spira, MDThomas J. Spira, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-12-996_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:In the article by Bach and Colleagues (1) on odynophagia from aphthous ulcers of the pharynx and esophagus in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the CD4 cell counts were incorrect. For Patients 1, 2, and 3, the counts were listed as 12 X 109/L, 383 X 109/L and 97 X 109/L, respectively. These counts should no doubt be 0.012 X 109/L, 0.383 X 109/L, and 0.097 X 109/L, or 12 X 106/L, 383 X 106/L, and 97 X 106/L, respectively. Errors of this type almost inevitably arise from the conversion of these counts from cell counts per...References1. BachValentiHowellSmith MADT. Odynophagia from ahpthous ulcers of the pharynx and esophagus in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:338-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Young D. Implementation of SI units for clinical laboratory data. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:114-29. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas J. Spira, MDAffiliations: Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA 30333 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 12Page: 996-996KeywordsAIDSEsophagusHematology and oncologyPharynxUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 2280: Three Hundred Consecutive Cases of Multi-Vessel Small Thoracotomy (MVST) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Joseph T McGinn, Vijaysimha Reddy, Harry Lapierre, Marc Ruel
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Multi-Vessel Small Thoracotomy (MVST) is a new coronary operation that does not require special infrastructure and is potentially available to all cardiac surgeons. It aims at approaching the minimal invasiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) while giving patients the durability of surgical revascularization. We examined the feasibility and safety of MVST in the first large series of this operation to date. Methods and Results: All myocardial territories can be accessed via a 4 – 6cm left 5th intercostal (IC) thoracotomy. An endothoracic apical retractor and epicardial stabilizer are introduced through the subxyphoid and left 7th IC spaces, respectively. The procedure is performed off-pump. The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) is used to graft the left anterior descending (LAD), and radial artery or saphenous vein segments are used to graft the lateral and inferior myocardial territories. Proximal anastomoses are performed from the LITA as a T-graft or directly on the aorta. In the first 300 consecutive MVSTs at our 2 centers, mean age was 61.9±10.7y and 97 patients were female (32%). Diabetes was prevalent in 94 (31%) and previous PCI in 69 (23%). The average number of grafts was 2.1±0.8; 104 patients (34%) had total arterial grafting, and 7 (2.3%) underwent MVST as a hybrid revascularization strategy. There were 12 conversions to sternotomy (4.0%), 7 patients requiring CPB assistance (2.3%), and 3 reinterventions for bleeding (1.0%). Perioperative mortality was 2 patients (0.7%). Respiratory failure occurred in 22 patients (5.3%), atrial fibrillation in 52 (17%), and the median length of stay was 4 days. No stroke or deep wound infection occurred. At a mean follow-up of 19.2±9.4 months, 9 patients (3.0%) had required postoperative coronary interventions, 7 of which were for issues with LITA T-grafts. Only 2 graft failures occurred in the 128 patients with proximal anastomoses onto the aorta (P=0.1 vs. LITA T-grafts). Conclusions: MVST is feasible, safe, and associated with excellent procedural and short-term outcomes. The avoidance of T-grafts from the LITA may optimize long-term patency. The MVST procedure has the potential to make multi-vessel minimally invasive coronary surgery safe, effective, and diffusible.
Thanksgiving Celebration of American Physicians in Vienna
Authors: M. A. Shlenker
Journal: JAMA (1910)

that claimed on the label.The products of some of the firms have improved somewhat, while the products of others are worse than they were two years ago.On the whole, it seems that many of the linns still sell these products with¬ out being greatly concerned as to their composition.But one firm, whose product contains nearly two-thirds (%) of the amount of phenol claimed, the II.K. Mulford Co., appears
P1100 IMPACT ON PROGNOSIS OF ANTIVIRAL EFFECT OF INTERFERON THERAPY AFTER SPLENECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH MARKED THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS-RELATED CIRRHOSIS
Authors: H. Tamai, Y. Mori, N. Shingaki, S. Maeshima, R. Shimizu, J. Nuta, Y. Maeda, K. Moribata, Y. Muraki, H. Deguchi, I. Inoue, T. Maekita, J. Kato, K. Takifuji, H. Yamaue, M. Ichinose
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract P6-12-01: Survival of women with inflammatory breast cancer: A large population based study
Authors: S Dawood, X Lei, R Dent, S Gupta, B Sirohi, J Cortes, M Cristofanilli, T Bucholz, AM Gonzalez-Angulo
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background The introduction of efficacious polychemotherapy regimens and targeted biologicals has contributed to significant improvements in survival of women with breast cancer. However, our group has previously reported that women with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) continue to have worse outcome compared to those with non-inflammatory breast cancer. We undertook this population based study to see if there have been improvements in survival among women with stage III IBC, over time. Methods We searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Registry to identify female patients diagnosed with stage III IBC between 1990 and 2010. Follow up cut off was December 31st 2010. Patients were defined as having IBC according to the AJCC 6th edition criteria. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to year of diagnosis: 1990-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005 and 2006-2010. Breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared across groups using the log rank statistic. Cox models were then fitted to determine the association of year of diagnosis and BCSS after adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics. Results 7,679 patients with IBC were identified of whom 1,084 patients (14.1%) were diagnosed between 1990-1995, 1,614 patients (21.0%) between 1996 -2000, 2,683 patients (34.9%) between 2001-2005 and 2,298 patients (29.9%) between 2006-2010. Median follow-up was 30 months. The 2-year BCSS for the whole cohort was 71%. 2-year BCSS were 62%, 67%, 72%, and 76% for patients diagnosed between 1990-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005 and 2006-2010 respectively (p&amp;lt;0.0001). The absolute increase in 2-year BCSS over the immediately preceding time period were 5%, 5%, and 4%, respectively. Significant improvements in survival over time were also observed among patients younger and older than age 35 years. In a multivariable cox regression analysis increasing year of diagnosis (modeled as a continuous variable) was associated with decreasing risk of death from breast cancer (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97 – 0.99, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Conclusion There has been a significant improvement in survival of patients diagnosed with IBC over a two decade time span in this large population based study. This suggests that therapeutic strategies researched and evolved in the context of non inflammatory breast cancer have also had a positive impact in women with IBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-12-01.
T Cell Receptor–initiated Calcium Release Is Uncoupled from Capacitative Calcium Entry in Itk-deficient T Cells
Authors: Karen-Qianye Liu, Stephen C. Bunnell, Christine B. Gurniak, Leslie J. Berg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Itk, a Tec family tyrosine kinase, plays an important but as yet undefined role in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Here we show that T cells from Itk-deficient mice have a TCR-proximal signaling defect, resulting in defective interleukin 2 secretion. Upon TCR stimulation, Itk−/− T cells release normal amounts of calcium from intracellular stores, but fail to open plasma membrane calcium channels. Since thapsigargin-induced store depletion triggers normal calcium entry in Itk−/− T cells, an impaired biochemical link between store depletion and channel opening is unlikely to be responsible for this defect. Biochemical studies indicate that TCR-induced inositol 1,4,5 tris-phosphate (IP3) generation and phospholipase C γ1 tyrosine phosphorylation are substantially reduced in Itk−/− T cells. In contrast, TCR-ζ and ZAP-70 are phosphorylated normally, suggesting that Itk functions downstream of, or in parallel to, ZAP-70 to facilitate TCR-induced IP3 production. These findings support a model in which quantitative differences in cytosolic IP3 trigger distinct responses, and in which only high concentrations of IP3 trigger the influx of extracellular calcium.
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Seth L Masters, Aisling Dunne, Shoba L Subramanian, Rebecca L Hull, Gillian M Tannahill, Fiona A Sharp, Christine Becker, Luigi Franchi, Eiji Yoshihara, Zhe Chen, Niamh Mullooly, Lisa A Mielke, James Harris, Rebecca C Coll, Kingston H G Mills, K Hun Mok, Philip Newsholme, Gabriel Nuñez, Junji Yodoi, Steven E Kahn, Ed C Lavelle, Luke A J O'Neill
Journal: Nature Immunology (2010)
ANTIBODY RESPONSES TO ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS OF INFLUENZA VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ
Authors: Jean-Louis Virelizier, Anthony C. Allison, Geoffrey C. Schild
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Mice immunized sequentially with two related influenza virus hemagglutinins (HA) produced a secondary antibody response with two different specificities. Some antibodies were specific for determinants common to both HA's. Paradoxically, some antibodies were directed to determinants existing only in the HA first encountered. Primed spleen cells treated with anti-theta serum and complement were transferred from animals immunized with the first HA to either normal, irradiated, or thymus-deprived recipients. These memory cells were boosted in the recipients with either the homologous or the heterologous cross-reacting HA. B-memory lymphocytes were shown to be directly triggered by both HA's and to be able to secrete, independently of T lymphocytes, antibodies to both kinds of determinants. However, T cells were shown to modulate this secondary response by either enhancing or suppressing antibody secretion by B-memory cells, depending on experimental conditions. These results are discussed in terms of antigen recognition by B cells and of kinetics of development of immunological memory.