tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OXYGEN TENT THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ECLAMPSIA
Authors: J. I. Hofbauer
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To the Editor:—  Under the title Oxygen Tent Therapy in the Treatment of Eclampsia Dr. Roy E. Nicodemus published his impression that continuous oxygen therapy, combined with the Stroganoff treatment, played a major part in the recovery of a number of his patients with eclampsia. He states that in a careful perusal of the literature on the treatment of eclampsia he could find no reference to the use of oxygen other than the early writings of Stroganoff and De Lee on oxygen inhalations instituted immediately after convulsive seizures (The Journal, October 11, p. 1238). This rediscovery of oxygen as an important adjunct in the treatment of eclampsia is fascinating. A good thing bears repeating. In 1912 investigation concerning certain chemical aspects of autolysis of the liver revealed that the administration of oxygen significantly retarded this phenomenon. It was this observation that served as an impetus to incorporate oxygen administration as
Exposures to the Kuwait oil fires and their association with asthma and bronchitis among gulf war veterans.
Authors: Jeffrey L Lange, David A Schwartz, Bradley N Doebbeling, Jack M Heller, Peter S Thorne
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Military personnel deployed to the Persian Gulf War have reported a variety of symptoms attributed to their exposures. We examined relationships between symptoms of respiratory illness present 5 years after the war and both self-reported and modeled exposures to oil-fire smoke that occurred during deployment. Exposure and symptom information was obtained by structured telephone interview in a population-based sample of 1,560 veterans who served in the Gulf War. Modeled exposures were exhaustively developed using a geographic information system to integrate spatial and temporal records of smoke concentrations with troop movements ascertained from global positioning systems records. For the oil-fire period, there were 600,000 modeled data points with solar absorbance used to represent smoke concentrations to a 15-km resolution. Outcomes included respiratory symptoms (asthma, bronchitis) and control outcomes (major depression, injury). Approximately 94% of the study cohort were still in the gulf theater during the time of the oil-well fires, and 21% remained there more than 100 days during the fires. There was modest correlation between self-reported and modeled exposures (r = 0.48, p < 0.05). Odds ratios for asthma, bronchitis, and major depression increased with increasing self-reported exposure. In contrast, there was no association between the modeled exposure and any of the outcomes. These findings do not support speculation that exposures to oil-fire smoke caused respiratory symptoms among veterans.
Health Precautions in Mexico
Authors: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The response to a query about precautions for a medical student who will be spending two years in Mexico contains several errors. The need for prophylactic rabies vaccine in Mexico is debatable. Although rabies is endemic in Mexico, the risk of exposure is small, and primary immunization against rabies is appropriate only for a few travelers who plan extended stays in remote areas where early access to appropriate management of animal bites is not possible. To the best of my knowledge, schistosomiasis is not transmitted in Mexico, and bathing in fresh water in this country carries no risk of this disease. Trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease) is extremely uncommon in most areas and is unlikely to be acquired by travelers who rarely sleep in the rural housing where the vector reduviid bug lives. On the other hand, typhoid remains endemic in much of Mexico, and typhoid immunization is appropriate.
Abstract 5441: The involvement of MSK1 in non-canonical activation of NF-KB in the late phase of UVB irradiation.
Authors: Oliver L. Carpenter
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-KB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in controlling expression of genes involved in the immune and inflammatory responses as well a being a key component in the onset of a larger number of cancers. One activator of NF-KB that has been studied, but still remains controversial, is that of ultraviolet B light (UVB). In this study we demonstrate that mitogen- and-stress activated protein kinase (MSK1) is responsible for a non-canonical late-phase activation of NF-KB. Following UVB irradiation (50 mJ/cm2) MSK1 is activated via phosphorylation at both 6 and 24 h time points. Investigations into the signaling pathways upstream of MSK1 through the use of specific inhibitors for mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)(PD 98059) and p38 (SB 203580) revealed that both kinases are required for full phosphorylation during the late-phase (24 h) while p38 is predominately responsible for phosphorylation during the early-phase (6 h). Electromobilty shift assays (EMSA) for NF-KB binding affinity showed that inhibition of MSK1 via inhibitor H89 resulted in a marked reduction in binding affinity. Inhibition of p38 also coincided with a reduction in NF-KB binding affinity. Interestingly, supershift assays implicate that the p65 isoform of NF-KB is predominantly involved in late-phase activation in response to UVB irradiation. Analysis of cell viability showed that decreased viability was correlated with MSK1 inhibition and decreased NF-KB binding affinity. Together, the results of these studies shed light onto a novel pathway of MSK1 mediated late-phase activation of NF-KB in response to UVB irradiation. Citation Format: Oliver L. Carpenter. The involvement of MSK1 in non-canonical activation of NF-KB in the late phase of UVB irradiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5441. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5441
CHILDHOOD PATTERNS PREDICTIVE OF ADULT SCHIZOPHRENIA: A 30-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY
Authors: PATRICIA O'NEAL, LEE N. ROBINS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

A 30-year follow-up study of 526 children seen in a child guidance clinic shows that of the 284 so far interviewed, 10% were diagnosed in adult life as schizophrenic and 20% were diagnosed as no disease. The childhood histories and adult adjustment of the schizophrenic and no disease groups are compared. This comparison shows the following: 1. In childhood the schizophrenic group have more symptoms of all kinds than the no disease group including a large number of anti-social symptoms. 2. More areas of function were disturbed in the pre-schizophrenic child than in the child who in adult life had no psychiatric disease. 3. As adults the schizophrenics have a higher rate of mental hospitalizations than the no disease group. 4. The schizophrenic adults have a higher arrest rate than the no disease group. The schizophrenics are consequently often treated as criminals rather than mentally ill persons.
Rubens Peale and His Spectacles
Authors: Charles E. Letocha
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  I was pleased to see Rembrandt Peale's Rubens Peale With a Geranium on the cover of the April 17, 1987, issue. This painting is of interest as it relates to the history of optics, opticianry, and the correction of hyperopia.  Although hyperopia was described by William Wells in 1792 and better elucidated by James Ware in 1813, it remained for Franz Cornelius Donders to fully explain the condition in his classic Accommodation and Refraction of the Eye in 1864. 1(pp38-40) Rubens Peale was born in 1784 and obtained his first glasses when he was about 12 years of age. The occasion was documented by both Rubens and Rembrandt Peale. Rubens wrote as follows in his Memorandum: My sight has always been very bad and it was not until I was about 10 or 12 years of age, that I could procure any glasses that aided my sight.
Regulatory bodies agree to streamline NHS inspections in England
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The main review and audit bodies for the NHS in England have agreed to streamline inspections of organisations providing healthcare services by agreeing shared systems for assessment and data collection.

Their concordat aims to reduce the regulatory burden on frontline healthcare staff, while supporting the improvement of services for patients. It hopes to result in more consistent and coherent programmes of inspection. The signatories, which include the Audit Commission, the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, and the Healthcare Commission, have agreed to establish a health and social care inspection forum, which will be the first time they have worked …
Catechol <i>O</i>-Methyltransferase, Serotonin Transporter, and Tryptophan Hydroxylase Gene Polymorphisms in Bipolar Disorder Patients With and Without Comorbid Panic Disorder
Authors: Alessandro Rotondo, Chiara Mazzanti, Liliana Dell’Osso, Paola Rucci, Patrick Sullivan, Siham Bouanani, Chiara Gonnelli, David Goldman, Giovanni B. Cassano
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: Genetic epidemiologic and clinical data suggest that comorbid panic disorder may define a subtype of bipolar disorder. Comorbid panic disorder might thereby influence the strength of association between bipolar disorder and genes that have been implicated in bipolar disorder on the basis of their function in monoamine neurotransmission and previously reported linkage results. Polymorphic markers at catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) genes were analyzed in a case-control association study of bipolar disorder patients with or without lifetime panic disorder. METHOD: Unrelated subjects of Italian descent meeting DSM-III-R criteria for lifetime bipolar disorder (N=111), with (N=49) or without (N=62) comorbid lifetime panic disorder, were compared to 127 healthy subjects. DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes. The frequencies of COMT Val158Met, 5-HTTLPR, and TPH IVS7+218C>A polymorphisms were determined. Genotype and allele frequency comparisons between affected (bipolar disorder, bipolar disorder without panic disorder, or bipolar disorder with panic disorder) and unaffected individuals were carried out with chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests. RESULTS: Relative to the comparison subjects, subjects with bipolar disorder without panic disorder, but not those with comorbid bipolar disorder and panic disorder, showed significantly higher frequencies of the COMT Met158 and the short 5-HTTLPR alleles and genotypes. The differences in the frequencies of the TPH IVS7+218A alleles and genotypes approached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the hypothesis that comorbid panic disorder identifies a genetic subtype of bipolar disorder and suggest a role for COMT and 5-HTT in vulnerability to these disorders.
Tuberculosis in Children: Evolution—Control—Treatment
Authors: Carl Muschenheim
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The clinical material in this stout volume of more than 600 pages derives from the authors' large hospital and out-patient experience in northeastern England and South Wales. It comprises the records of 2,500 children, but for the most part the material relates to 1,200 children treated for tuberculosis since 1947, when the era of specific antimicrobial therapy began. To American readers the reported frequency of cutaneous primary infections (34 cases) will come as a surprise, so also will the authors' deductions from this observation that most superficial tuberculous lymphadenitis is a local manifestation of cutaneous or mucosal primary infections. The prevalent view in the United States is that in most cases of superficial tuberculous lymphadenitis (including cervical) the nodes are infected by the lympho-hematogenous route from a primary complex within the chest. There is adequate discussion of therapy, including surgical considerations, not only of primary tuberculosis and its immed ate
Is CD81 the key to hepatitis C virus entry?
Authors: Charles M. Rice
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection occurs inabout 3 percent of the world's population and is a major cause of liver disease.HCV infection is also associated with cryoglobulinemia, a B lymphocyte proliferative disorder.Virus tropism is controversial, and the mechanisms of cell entry remain unknown.The HCV envelope protein E2 binds human CD81, a tetraspanin expressed on various cell types including hepatocytes and B lymphocytes.Binding of E2 was mapped to the major extracellular loop of CD81.Recombinant molecules containing this loop bound HCV and antibodies that neutralize HCV infection in vivo inhibited virus binding to CD81 in vitro.COMMENTS
Malignant Lymphoma of the Testis
Authors: H. Eckert, J. P. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1963)

BDIm=H 891whose doctor did nothing to supplement her maintenance treatment in order to help her meet the crisis.There are 24 surviving patients, and they are now in positively good health in contrast to their state of semi-invalidism in the preceding era.Many of them do hard labouring work without difficulty, and indeed were I faced as a young man with choosing whether I would rather have Addison's disease or diabetes I think I would choose the former.Its treatment is simpler than that of diabetes ; with care the expectation of life should not be shortened, and so far as we know there are no Addisonian complications comparable to those of diabetes.There are few other conditions which illustrate more completely the triumphs of modern chemotherapy.
174 Opposite effects of immortalized met murine hepatocytes on cell cycle and cell fate of rat liver hepatic stellate cells and liver myofibroblasts
Authors: J. Dudas, R. Novosiadlyy, I. Aprighano, B. Saile, V. Bordoni, A. Elmaouhoub, M. Tripodi, G. Ramadori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Letter: Sleep epilepsy.
Authors: S Livingston, L L Pauli
Journal: BMJ (1974)

a live baby was made.Caesarean section through a Pfannenstiel incision revealed a posterior type III placenta praevia but no sign of accidental haemorrhage.A healthy girl was delivered.During examination of the ovaries a clot of blood was removed from the left paracolic gutter and considerable bleeding was apparent from the splenic area.A large left paramedian incision was added and the haemorrhage controlled by packs.Rapid splenectomy was then performed with double ligation of the splenic artery proximal to the aneurysmal dilatation.Recovery was uncomplicated and the patient and her daughter were discharged on the twelfth day.Ruptare of splenic artery aneurysm during
Pressor response after intravenous labetalol.
Authors: M Crofton, R Gabriel
Journal: BMJ (1977)

was treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents until 1976, when she presented with symptoms due to deteriorating diabetic control.Isophane insulin was started but she developed a local weal four hours after her second injection.Despite changing first to LeoRetard and than Actrapid MC this problem became worse and she developed weals up to 40 mm in diameter at her injection sites.Seven weeks after her initial injection, while still on Actrapid MC, she had several episodes of generalised urticaria associated with angioneurotic oedema.Withdrawal of insulin alleviated her signs and symptoms within 48 hours.Challenged with 6 units of Actrapid MC subcutaneously she sweated transiently at 10 minutes and developed generalised urticaria at four hours, which lasted for 12 hours.There was a strong family history of allergy and the patient herself described allergies to penicillin, salmon, and trout.Intradermal tests were performed with 2 units each of Actrapid MC, Semitard MC, LeoRetard, Nuso Neutral Insulin (pure beef insulin), and soluble and isophane insulin, and 0 1 ml of Actrapid transport medium, methylparaben (a constituent of the transport medium), and physiological saline.All the insulin sites showed a weal at four hours that lasted for 12 hours, while the transport media produced no reaction.All the tests, including those with transport media, but apart from the control showed a transient erythema at 10 minutes.After the Actrapid MC challenge the neutrophil count rose transiently at 30 minutes from 6 3 109 1 to 11-5 109 1.There was no change up to 18 hours in C3, C4, C3 conversion, or total IgE concentrations or blood eosinophil count.
Splenic Visualization Using 99mTc-Methylene Diphosphonate in a Patient with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: STEVEN J. HARWOOD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Splenic visualization with a bone-seeking agent 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) with absence of splenic uptake using sulfur colloid was seen in a 15- year-old boy in sickle cell crisis. Uptake of 99mTc-MDP is probably due to splenic infarction and calcification. This represents a potentially sensitive method for following the functional auto-splenectomy process in sickle cell disease and may also detect the presence of splenic tissue when it is not visualized in a sulfur colloid liver/spleen scan. Splenic visualization by bone-seeking agents should not be confused with skeletal lesions or indicate the presence of an abnormal left upper quadrant mass lesion.
Adult T-cell Leukemia and Interferon-Alpha
Authors: Yoshiaki Ohbayashi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1988Adult T-cell Leukemia and Interferon-AlphaYoshiaki Ohbayashi, MD, Akio Urabe, MD, Kazuo Niitani, MDYoshiaki Ohbayashi, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Akio Urabe, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Kazuo Niitani, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-12-992_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo The Editor: We report a case of adult-T-cell leukemia in a patient successfully treated with natural interferon-alpha.A 37-year-old woman was hospitalized in March 1986 for nodular erythemas of the chest, abdomen, and extremities. The results of peripheral blood studies showed leukocytosis (20 000/mm3), with convoluted lymphocytes (70%), positive anti-human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I-antigen antibody, and a high CD4:CD8 ratio. Convoluted lymphocytes also infiltrated in bone marrow (26.4%). She was diagnosed as having adult-T-cell leukemia. The repeated administration of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone failed to achieve a remission. She was hospitalized in November 1987 because...References1. UchiyamaYodoiSagawa TJK. Adult T cell leukemia: clinical and hematological features of 16 cases. Blood. 1977;50:481-91. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. TamuraMakinoAraki KSY. Recombinant interferon beta and gamma in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia. Cancer. 1987;59:1059-62. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kanto Teishin Hospital Tokyo 141, Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTreatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: past, present, and futureACUTE ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA PRESENTING WITH FLORID CUTANEOUS DISEASE 15 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 12Page: 992-992KeywordsBloodBone marrowCombination chemotherapyCyclophosphamideErythemaLeukocytosisLymphocytesThorax Issue Published: 15 December 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The kappa-deleting element. Germline and rearranged, duplicated and dispersed forms.
Authors: W B Graninger, P L Goldman, C C Morton, S J O'Brien, S J Korsmeyer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Human light chain genes are used in a kappa before lambda order. Accompanying this hierarchy is the rearrangement of a kappa-deleting element (Kde) which eliminates the kappa locus before lambda gene rearrangement. In approximately 60% of rearrangements the Kde recombines at a conserved heptamer within the J kappa-C kappa intron. We demonstrated that aberrant V/J rearrangements possessing apparent "N" nucleotides existed 5' to the J kappa-Kde rearrangements. This suggests that the Kde may selectively eliminate nonfunctional V/J alleles. A kappa-producing cell that displayed the unusual finding of lambda gene rearrangement demonstrated a rearranged Kde. This rearrangement was a V kappa/Kde recombination and the heptamer-11 bp spacer-nonamer flanking the V kappa is the target site of the Kde 40% of the time. The mouse possesses a counterpart to the Kde (recombining sequence [RS]) and the highly conserved regions surround the heptamer-spacer-nonamer signals. No complete protein product was predicted from the germline Kde near its break-point and no consistent fusion product was predicted from either the V/Kde or V/J-Kde rearrangements. A distal portion of the Kde is duplicated and is present at 2q11 as well as 2p11. The evolutionary conservation of the kappa-elimination event, the duplication and maintenance of the Kde indicates that it has a function. A portion of the Kde may still prove to encode a trans-acting factor that directly affects lambda rearrangement. A certain role for the Kde is its site-specific rearrangement, which destroys ineffective kappa genes and sets the stage for lambda gene utilization.
Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an acquired vascular anomaly to be distinguished from Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: E.WILSON JONES, R. CERIO, N.P. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Multinucleate cell angiohistocytoma is a newly described benign vascular condition that usually arises on the extremities of women over the age of 40 as discrete grouped violaceous erythematous papules, often mimicking Kaposi's sarcoma. Of 10 patients, nine were women aged between 37-66 (average 51.5) years at the onset of their condition. The legs, and in particular the calves and thighs, were the commonest sites to be involved. However, in three patients the papules were confined to the back of the hands, and the male patient had lesions across the front of the chest. Bilateral lesions occurred in four patients. Histologically, the salient features were proliferation of capillaries and small venules at the level of the subpapillary plexus and the mid dermis, in association with prominent connective tissue cells and larger angulated multinucleate cells. Detailed histochemical and immunocytochemical studies have not elucidated the histogenesis of the multinucleate cells that seem to be a characteristic feature of this condition.