tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OF RINGWORM BY THALLIUM ACETATE
Authors: S. J. Firth
Journal: BMJ (1927)

intestinies were collapsed.The liver showed a state of mild cirrhosis; on microscopical examinationi there was fouind an increase of fibrous tissue around the bile ducts, with partially obliterating endarteritis of the vessels.The spleen, uterus, and appendages were normal, but the kidneys were slighitly graniular.There was a typical broad-ligament cyst on the rig-ht side, of irregular shape; it passed across the bladder, with a small protuberance causing the apparenitly separate mass on the left side.On section it proved to be aii iinnocent multilocular growth, with papillary proliferations.This case has several features of interest.The mutiscular effort which ruptured the heart miiust have been very slight, as the patient was lying in bed.She was by no means a nervous woman, and was perfectly willing to be operated on for her condition.The right ventricle is said to be affected in only one quarter of these rare cases of rupture of the heart, the left ventricle being tlhe usual chamber inivolved.The slight degree of precordial pain, and the comiparatively long duration of life after rupture, due, no doubt, to its small size, add interest to a very unusual case.
Demyelinating Diseases — New Pathological Insights, New Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Stephen G. Waxman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Virtually every textbook of neurology or general medicine includes chapters on demyelinating diseases, with most of the attention devoted to multiple sclerosis. The concept of multiple sclerosis as a demyelinating disease is deeply ingrained. The early description of multiple sclerosis by Charcot stressed the loss of myelin. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis rests in part on the demonstration, by measurement of evoked potentials, of slowed action-potential conduction, a physiologic hallmark of demyelination.The lipid-rich myelin sheath is produced by Schwann cells in peripheral nerves and by oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord, and myelin possesses high electrical resistance and . . .
Receptor-specific induction of insulin-like growth factor I in human monocytes by advanced glycosylation end product-modified proteins.
Authors: M Kirstein, C Aston, R Hintz, H Vlassara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Normal tissue homeostasis requires a finely balanced interaction between phagocytic scavenger cells (such as monocytes and macrophages) that degrade senescent material and mesenchymal cells (such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells), which proliferate and lay down new extracellular matrix. Macrophages and monocytes express specific surface receptors for advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), which are covalently attached adducts resulting from a series of spontaneous nonenzymatic reactions of glucose with tissue proteins. Receptor-mediated uptake of AGE-modified proteins induces human monocytes to synthesize and release cytokines (TNF and IL-1), which are thought to contribute to normal tissue remodeling by mechanisms not entirely understood. We now report that AGEs also induce human monocytes to generate the potent progression growth factor insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), known to stimulate proliferation of mesenchymal cells. After in vitro stimulation with AGE-modified proteins, normal human blood monocytes express IGF-IA mRNA leading to the secretion of IGF-IA prohormone. The signal for IGF-IA mRNA induction seems to be initiated via the monocyte AGE-receptor, and to be propagated in an autocrine fashion via either IL-1 beta or PDGF. These data introduce a novel regulatory system for IGF-I, with broad in vivo relevance, and provide an essential link to the chain of events leading from the spontaneously formed tissue AGEs, hypothesized to act as markers of protein senescence, to their replacement and to tissue remodeling by the locally controlled induction of growth factors.
GMC admits failings that left Shipman's patients unprotected
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The General Medical Council admitted last week a range of past failings but insisted that improvements to its procedures, along with revalidation and local clinical governance, should help ensure that unfit doctors are detected in future.

The GMC's counsel, Roger Henderson, told the inquiry of the circumstances in which the GP Harold Shipman managed to murder dozens of patients undetected: “As a registered medical practitioner, Shipman betrayed his patients and his profession in a way that was not reasonably foreseeable.

“Until he was found to have perpetrated his murders, systems were not designed to take the possibility of such extreme wickedness into account. We were …
Do Transfusions Get to the Heart of the Matter?
Authors: Paul C. Hébert
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Animal tests rise in Great Britain
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The number of scientific procedures carried out on animals in England, Scotland, and Wales rose slightly last year to about 2.66 million, an increase of 0.9% over 1997. With the exception of the 1997 total, the latest figure represents the lowest number of animal procedures since 1955, according to Home Office figures.

Mice, rats, and other rodents were used in 80% of all procedures. Some 73% of …
Prostaglandins and Blood Pressure
Authors: Hans-Georg Güllner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1984Prostaglandins and Blood PressureHANS-GEORG GÜLLNER, M.D.HANS-GEORG GÜLLNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-163_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his editorial reviewing the role of prostaglandins in the control of blood pressure, Gerber (1) suggests that prostaglandin E2 may act indirectly as a vasodepressor agent by modulation of adrenergic nerve activity because prostaglandin E2 inhibits norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerve endings in response to stimulation in vitro. Gerber further states that "administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents has not resulted in elevated plasma catecholamine levels during basal or stimulated conditions."Administration of drugs such as indomethacin or ibuprofen has in fact decreased rather than increased plasma and urinary catecholamines in normal subjects (2) as well as...References1. GERBER J. Indomethacin-induced rises in blood pressure [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:555-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GÜLLNERLAKEBARTTERKAFKA HCFM. Effect of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis on sympathetic nervous system function in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979;49:552-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GÜLLNERGILLBARTTERLAKELAKATUA HJFCD. Correction of increased sympathoadrenal activity in Bartter's syndrome by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1980;50:857-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SILVERBERGMENNESCRYER APP. Resistance to endogenous norepinephrine in Bartter's syndrome. Am J Med. 1978;64:231-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GÜLLNERCERLETTIBARTTERGILLSMITH HCFJJ. Correction of increased prostacyclin production in Bartter's syndrome by indomethacin. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1980;93:130-40. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Bethesda, MD 20205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCorrection: Error in Letter 1 January 1984Volume 100, Issue 1Page: 163-164KeywordsBlood plasmaBlood pressureCatecholaminesDrugsIbuprofenNSAIDsNerve endingsNervesNorepinephrineProstaglandins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Survey of Dutch doctors finds evidence of widespread research misconduct
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Objective</h3> It is unclear if skin cancer risk is affected by the use of immunomodulatory medications in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate and summarize the available data pertinent to this question. <h3>Methods</h3> The English language literature on PubMed was searched with a combination of phrases, including “malignancy,” “skin cancer,” “squamous cell carcinoma,” “basal cell carcinoma,” “melanoma,” “psoriasis,” “psoriatic arthritis,” and “rheumatoid arthritis” in addition to the generic names of a variety of common immunomodulatory drugs. Relevant articles were identified and data were extracted. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 2218 potentially relevant articles were identified through the search process. After further screening, 20 articles relevant to RA were included. An additional 19 articles relevant to either psoriasis or PsA were included as well. RA may be a risk factor for the development of cutaneous malignancy. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors increases the rates of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in RAand psoriasis. This risk doubles when combination methotrexate therapy is used in RA. Methotrexate may increase the risk of malignant melanoma in patients with RA and the risk of NMSC in psoriasis. Cyclosporine and prior phototherapy significantly increase the risk of NMSC. <h3>Conclusion</h3> RA may potentiate the risk of cutaneous malignancy and therefore dermatologic screening in this population should be considered. The use of immunomodulatory therapy in RA, psoriasis, and PsA may further increase the risk of cutaneous malignancy and therefore dermatologic screening examinations are warranted in these groups. More careful recording of skin cancer development during clinical trials and cohort studies is necessary to further delineate the risks of immunomodulatory therapy.
Thermographic Differentiation of Pericarditis from the Referred Pain of Ischemic Heart Disease.
Authors: Constantine Potanin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Thermographic Differentiation of Pericarditis from the Referred Pain of Ischemic Heart Disease.Constantine Potanin, M.R.A.C.P.Constantine Potanin, M.R.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-785_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCholesteric liquid crystals encapsulated onto strips of black mylar sheeting, with a discriminating temperature range of 30 to 37 C, were used to map thoracic thermographic patterns in 17 patients during the pain of angina pectoris induced in 14 by exercise, in 2 patients with acute myocardial infarction, and in 5 patients with acute pericarditis. Criteria of abnormality were twofold: When skin over the mediastinum was cooler than skin over the lung fields; and thermographic assymmetery, except that heart heat can extend further to the left than to the right (asymmetry less than 1C). Simple cardiomegaly had no consistent relationship... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, Ala. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 785-785KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionAnginaCardiovascular therapyExerciseHeartLungsTemperature Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Does Influx From Endemic Areas Mean More Transfusion-Associated Chagas' Disease?
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

BLOOD BANKS are facing another threat in addition to the hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Two US cases of Chagas' disease have been traced to blood transfusions from asymptomatic donors who carried the causative parasite,<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, from Central or South America, where it is endemic and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Some experts fear more transfusion-associated cases will be seen unless measures are taken. <h3>Looking at Donors</h3> A transfusion-related case in California led Peter R. Kerndt, MD, Los Angeles County (Calif) Health Department; Louis V. Kirchhoff, MD, MPH, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City; and colleagues to survey blood donated at the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Hospital blood bank, where annually about 40% of the 5000 donors are from Latin America, about half from Chagas' disease endemic areas. In their study of 1000 consecutive blood donors, Kerndt and colleagues found 1
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE ADULT IRISH DANCERS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND INJURY
Authors: R Cahalan, K O'Sullivan, H Purtill, P O'Sullivan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Irish dancing (ID) is a technically demanding art form practised by growing numbers internationally. However, research into musculoskeletal pain and injury in elite adult Irish dancers is scant. Objective To establish the biopsychosocial characteristics of elite adult Irish dancers. To investigate any relationship between these characteristics and musculoskeletal pain and injury. Design 104 elite adult Irish dancers completed a questionnaire providing data on dance and activity levels, physical and psychological health, pain and injury history. 84 of these subjects underwent a physical screen examining lower limb flexibility, balance and endurance, a number of functional tests, anthropometric and biomechanical/anatomical assessments. Setting Testing was completed at a number of sites in Ireland using standardised portable equipment. Participants The study cohort comprised professional Irish dancers (34.6%), elite competitive Irish dancers (26.9%), and dancers in full time education studying ID (38.5%). All participants were 18 years of age or older. Elite dancers from eleven different countries were tested. Main outcome measurements Subjects were dichotomised into “significantly injured (SI)” and “not significantly injured (NSI)” categories based on reported levels of pain and injury. Specific injury data from the previous five years were also recorded. Results 33 (31.7%) subjects were classified as SI, with the remaining 71 (68.3%) subjects classified as NSI. Factors significantly associated being SI were female gender (P=.036), higher number of subjective general health (P=.001) and psychological (P=.036) complaints, low mood (P=.01), higher catastrophising (P=.047) and failure to always warm-up (P=.006). The mean number of injuries sustained to all body parts over the previous five years was 1.49 with a mean of 126.1 days lost to injury. Foot and ankle injuries were most prevalent. Conclusions A complex combination of biopsychosocial factors appears to be associated with a significant level of pain and injury in elite adult Irish dancers.
New Magnetic Resonance Techniques for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Marc Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Neuroimaging was revolutionized by the development of computed tomography (CT) and standard T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Magnetic resonance imaging and CT can adequately distinguish hemorrhage from infarction and depict ischemic stroke 12 to 24 hours after onset. However, during the critical initial hours after the onset of ischemic stroke, these imaging technologies do not adequately demonstrate the location and extent of infarction. Diffusion-weighted MRI and perfusion imaging, as well as advances in magnetic resonance spectroscopy, will enhance our ability to evaluate ischemic stroke shortly after onset. Some of the uses of MRI techniques are as follows: (1) Diffusion-weighted imaging can depict the location and extent of the ischemic lesion as soon as a stroke patient is available for examination. (2) Perfusion imaging evaluates blood flow within the brain's microvasculature and can reveal regions of perfusion deficits corresponding to major vascular territories. (3) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluates metabolic abnormalities associated with focal brain ischemia by specific biochemical measurements. These MRI techniques will rapidly provide important information to clinicians about ischemia, guiding diagnosis and helping in the development of acute stroke interventions to improve outcome.
False-Positive Tc-99m Sestamibi SPECT in a Patient with Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: RICHARD J. CAMPEAU, OLGA M. GARCIA, RICHARD COLON, MADHAVA AGUSALA, OLGA A. CORREA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A 37-year-old man with atypical chest pain and complete left bundle branch block showed a marked exercise induced septal defect on Tc-99m sestamibi stress testing. A repeat examination at rest the next day revealed complete reversal of the previous septal defect. Coronary angiography two days later showed a normal coronary artery system. Left bundle branch block has been associated with false-positive results of exercise (and more recently, dipyridamole) TI-201 examinations for septal ischemia. The case presented here may be the first reported example of a false positive Tc-99m sestamibi examination for septal ischemia in the presence of left bundle block.
Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation in dermatology departments
Authors: O. LARKO, B.L. DIFFEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

The ultraviolet radiation (UVR) doses received by staff who are occupationally exposed to artificial sources of UVR found in dermatology departments have been measured using personal UV monitors. The results show that staff may receive actinic (UVB and UVC) doses which are in excess of recommended maximum permissible limits for occupational exposure, but that the UVA doses are well within these limits.
Cor de Ballet
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Lest, carried away by our imagination, we read into the title "The Heart of a Dancer"<sup>1</sup>allusions to a great love affair in the life of a celebrated prima ballerina or a renowned male ballet star, the subtitle promptly reminds us that what it is all about is not romance but "the noninvasive cardiac evaluation of professional ballet dancers." This reminder may come as a bit of a jolt. We are accustomed to viewing dancers as artists in need of appreciation rather than as athletes in need of cardiac evaluation. To assess the effect of ballet training on the heart, Cohen and associates<sup>1</sup>compared some basic cardiovascular variables in 30 (15 women and 15 men) American Ballet Theatre dancers with those in 15 matched sedentary control subjects. On the basis of physical examination findings, echocardiography, phonocardiography, and ECGs, they established statistically significant differences. Male dancers, for instance, had
INFRA-RED RAYS, COMFORT, AND HEALTH
Authors: L. Hill
Journal: BMJ (1933)

MEDICJOURNALthe body, in this case to a sensible degree.T 1-open INFRA-RED RAYS, COMFORT, AND HEALTH window in the bedroom prevents the stuffy eft -, an(d this is one of the benefits of open-air treatment.In cool BY air the mucous membrane is kept taut and with a better SIR LEONARD HILL, M.B., F.R.S.flow of blood and secretion
Intensive leukapheresis in the management of cytopenias in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and lymphocytic lymphoma
Authors: I. A. Cooper, J. C. Ding, P. B. Adams, M. A. Quinn, M. Brettell
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

The role of leukapheresis was explored in the management of anaemia and thrombocytopenia complicating the accumulation of lymphoid cells in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of this procedure in correcting these complicating features and to assess the length of response and the clinical well being of the patients. Twenty such patients with either chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or lymphocytic lymphoma were studied using a Continuous Flow Cell Separator (Aminco Celltrifuge). All had persistent significant anaemia and/or thrombocytopenia prior to the institution of leukapheresis. The procedure was carried out on alternate days until significant reduction in total circulating lymphoid cells had been achieved, an average of 2.9 x 10(11) cells being removed on each occasion. Thirteen of the twenty patients showed a significant elevation of both haemoglobin and platelet level concomitant with reduction in lymphoid cells. A reduction in organomegaly was also observed. These patients were classified as "responders," but the other patients failed to show correction of the haematologic parameters. This procedure permitted a number of responder patients to receive more specific treatment but in some it obviated the necessity for any further management for up to 12 months. Surface marker studies were also carried out on the lymphocytes of these patients. The patients who showed the best response to leukapheresis had cells characteristic of those seen in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The reduction of cells (82%) was greater in those who responded to this treatment than in the non-responder group (72%). The procedure was well tolerated by all patients and overall provided a long-term control of disease which outweighed the initial cost incurred.
Imatinib dose escalation in 74 failure or suboptimal response chronic myeloid leukaemia patients at 3‐year follow‐up
Authors: Massimo Breccia, Fabio Stagno, Paolo Vigneri, Roberto Latagliata, Laura Cannella, Vittorio Del Fabro, Francesco Di Raimondo, Giuliana Alimena
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas are aggressive and relapses occur early.Late relapses are exceptional.Ten relapses 17.5 (11-29) years after first complete remission (CR1) were analyzed.Initial diseases were stage-I (nasal, n 5 8; tonsil, n 5 1; ileum, n 5 1), treated with radiotherapy (n 5 6), combined radiotherapy/chemotherapy (n 5 3), and chemotherapy (n 5 1).Relapse occurred at the same (nasal, n 5 6; tonsil, n 5 1), adjacent (initial: nasal, relapse: palate; n 5 1) or distant (n 5 2) sites.Five patients died soon afterwards.Four patients remitted with chemotherapy, two remaining in CR2 (3, 14 years).This series documented the rare late relapses in NK-cell lymphomas, which may still respond to salvage therapy.