tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 and arrestin2 regulate arterial smooth muscle P2Y-purinoceptor signalling
Authors: Gavin E. Morris, Carl P. Nelson, Diane Everitt, Paul J. Brighton, Nicholas B. Standen, R.A. John Challiss, Jonathon M. Willets
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

prolonged P2Y-receptor signalling can cause vasoconstriction leading to hypertension, vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy, and hyperplasia. G protein-coupled receptor signalling is negatively regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and arrestin proteins, preventing prolonged or inappropriate signalling. This study investigates whether GRKs and arrestins regulate uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP)-stimulated contractile signalling in adult Wistar rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells (MSMCs).mesenteric arteries contracted in response to UTP challenge: When an EC(50) UTP concentration (30 µM, 5 min) was added 5 min before (R(1)) and after (R(2)) the addition of a maximal UTP concentration (R(max): 100 µM, 5 min), R(2) responses were decreased relative to R(1), indicating desensitization. UTP-induced P2Y-receptor desensitization of phospholipase C signalling was studied in isolated MSMCs transfected with an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate biosensor and/or loaded with Ca(2+)-sensitive dyes. A similar protocol (R(1)/R(2) = 10 µM; R(max) = 100 µM, applied for 30 s) revealed markedly reduced R(2) when compared with R(1) responses. MSMCs were transfected with dominant-negative GRKs or siRNAs targeting specific GRK/arrestins to probe their respective roles in P2Y-receptor desensitization. GRK2 inhibition, but not GRK3, GRK5, or GRK6, attenuated P2Y-receptor desensitization. siRNA-mediated knockdown of arrestin2 attenuated UTP-stimulated P2Y-receptor desensitization, whereas arrestin3 depletion did not. Specific siRNA knockdown of the P2Y(2)-receptor almost completely abolished UTP-stimulated IP(3)/Ca(2+) signalling, strongly suggesting that our study is specifically characterizing this purinoceptor subtype.these new data highlight roles of GRK2 and arrestin2 as important regulators of UTP-stimulated P2Y(2)-receptor responsiveness in resistance arteries, emphasizing their potential importance in regulating vasoconstrictor signalling pathways implicated in vascular disease.
Jackendoff's conceptualism
Authors: James Higginbotham
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

In this commentary, I concentrate upon Ray Jackendoff's view of the proper foundations for semantics within the context of generative grammar. Jackendoff (2002) favors a form of internalism that he calls “conceptualism.” I argue that a retreat from realism to conceptualism is not only unwarranted, but even self-defeating, in that the issues that prompt his view will inevitably reappear if the latter is adopted.
Endothelium-dependent modulation of cGMP levels and intrinsic smooth muscle tone in isolated bovine intrapulmonary artery and vein.
Authors: L J Ignarro, R E Byrns, K S Wood
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The role of the endothelium in modulating cyclic nucleotide levels and intrinsic smooth muscle tone was studied in isolated rings of bovine intrapulmonary artery and vein. Cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were threefold to fourfold higher in unrubbed artery and vein than in vessels that had been denuded of endothelium. Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels were twofold higher in unrubbed than in endothelium-denuded artery, but no differences were observed in veins. Methylene blue, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, decreased cGMP but not cAMP levels, and this was accompanied by increases in smooth muscle tone. M&amp;B 22,948, an inhibitor of cGMP-phosphodiesterase, increased cGMP but not cAMP levels, and this was accompanied by decreases in smooth muscle tone. Unrubbed vessels were more sensitive than endothelium-denuded vessels to the actions of both methylene blue and M&amp;B 22,948, and this may be attributed to endothelium-dependent increases in cGMP turnover. Moreover, unrubbed vessels were more sensitive than endothelium-denuded vessels to contractile responses to phenylephrine and potassium, and these responses were potentiated by methylene blue and attenuated by M&amp;B 22,948. Although indomethacin lowered cAMP levels in unrubbed artery, no changes in tone or contractile responsiveness were observed. A consistent observation was that the smaller branches of unrubbed but not endothelium-denuded intrapulmonary artery and vein had higher levels of cGMP but not cAMP, were sensitive to endothelium-dependent vasodilators, were more sensitive to methylene blue, and would not maintain a steady level of submaximal tone to phenylephrine when compared with larger branches from a common vascular bed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
787 A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMISED TRIAL TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY OF CORTICOSTEROIDS PLUS PENTOXIFYLLINE VERSUS CORTICOSTEROIDS ALONE IN THE TREATMENT OF SEVERE ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS
Authors: S.S. Sidhu, O. Goyal, P. Singla, D. Gupta, R.S. Chhina, A. Sood
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A y-year follow-up study of ninety patients with psoriasis
Authors: GILLIAN A. DURHAM, JOHN K. MORGAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article A y‐year follow‐up study of ninety patients with psoriasis Get access GILLIAN A. DURHAM, GILLIAN A. DURHAM South Teesside Department of Dermatology, Carter Bequest Hospital, Cambridge Road, Middlesbrough, Teesside Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JOHN K. MORGAN JOHN K. MORGAN South Teesside Department of Dermatology, Carter Bequest Hospital, Cambridge Road, Middlesbrough, Teesside Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 1, 1 July 1974, Pages 7–11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06710.x Published: 01 July 1974 Article history Accepted: 11 October 1973 Published: 01 July 1974
The Quality of Care — Migration of Doctors — Signs of the Times
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The activities of the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust have consistently acted as a stimulus for the improvement in the quality of medical care in this country, one of the Trust's most notable contributions in this field being the publication of the monograph by A.L. Cochrane1 entitled "Effectiveness and Efficiency — Random Reflections on Health Services." To expand Cochrane's theme the trustees subsequently convened a small group under the chairmanship of the late Lord Rosenheim, and the topics that they considered have now been presented as a series of essays in a new publication edited by Mr. Gordon McLachlan and entitled . . .
Hypermetabolism in Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies
Authors: Nobuhiko Miyazawa, Toyoaki Shinohara, Takamura Nagasaka, Masataka Hayashi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Detection of hyperperfusion by I-123 N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography can be helpful to diagnose dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). This study characterized hypermetabolism in DLB.A total of 22 probable cases of DLB were examined by F-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography.Hypermetabolism was found in the peri-motor area, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Eleven patients had hypermetabolism in all 3 areas, 6 in 2 areas, 4 in 1 area, and 1 in no area. Hypermetabolism was most frequent in the cerebellum. Comparison of the 11 patients with hypermetabolism in all 3 areas to the other 11 cases found no significant differences in age (P = 0.2555), sex (P = 0.1889), Mini-Mental State Examination score (P = 0.0897), and Parkinsonism. However, visual hallucinations were significantly more frequent in the patients with hypermetabolism in all 3 areas (P = 0.0018).Hypermetabolism is common in patients with DLB and may be related to visual hallucinations.
F-18 FDG PET as an Imaging Tool for Detecting and Staging Metastatic Basal-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ryan D. Niederkohr, Sherief H. Gamie
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Basal-cell carcinoma (BCCa) is the most common skin cancer and often is locally invasive, but truly metastatic BCCa is extremely rare. We report the case of a 52-year-old Caucasian man with multiple BCCa's involving his torso, arms, and shoulder who noted an increase in size of one such lesion on his chest. Biopsy of this lesion confirmed BCCa with nodular and infiltrative patterns. He also had enlarged left axillary lymphadenopathy on physical examination and chest CT. As the possibility of an occult noncutaneous malignancy with pulmonary and axillary nodal metastases remained in the differential diagnosis, an F-18 FDG PET scan was performed, which showed intense metabolic activity in the primary BCCa on the chest and multiple hypermetabolic left axillary/supraclavicular nodes suggestive of metastases. The patient underwent primary tumor resection with skin grafting and left axillary lymph node dissection; pathology confirmed multiple axillary nodes positive for metastatic BCCa. FDG PET may be an effective “whole body” imaging modality for identifying and staging metastatic BCCa. Further study is also indicated to evaluate a possible role for FDG PET in assessing treatment response and identifying recurrent disease.
Effects of systemic prostaglandin e on hepatic amino acid-nitrogen metabolism in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Andrea Fabbri, Giampaolo Bianchi, Mara Brizi, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Donatella Magalotti, Marco Zoli, Giulio Marchesini
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Prostaglandins of the E (PGE) series have long been considered “catabolic” hormones, but recent data suggest that they may be secreted in critically ill patients to counteract stress hormones, stimulating protein synthesis. Their use is under scrutiny to improve hepatic microcirculation and as cytoprotective agents. We tested the effects of PGE1 on hepatic and whole-body nitrogen metabolism in eight patients with cirrhosis. Urea-nitrogen synthesis rate, α-amino-nitrogen levels, and nitrogen exchange were measured in the basal, postabsorptive state and in response to continuous alanine infusion, in paired experiments, during superinfusion of PGE1 or saline. Splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics were assessed by echo-Doppler at the beginning and at the end of each experiment. PGE1 produced a rapid fall in plasma amino acids and in urea-nitrogen synthesis rate, as well as a positive nitrogen exchange. The slope of the regression of α-amino-nitrogen levels on urea-nitrogen synthesis rate, a measure of liver cell metabolic activity, was not affected, but the regression line was shifted rightward, suggesting a nitrogen-sparing effect of PGE1 . Mesenteric artery and portal flow were unchanged, whereas femoral artery flow increased by 30%. Insulin and glucagon levels were not systematically different. We conclude that PGE1 reduces hepatic urea synthesis rate, independent of hormones and/or hepatic flow, possibly acting at the peripheral level on amino acid transport, thus reducing amino acid supply to the liver. The resulting net nitrogen sparing might be the basis for the beneficial effect of PGE1 in clinical hepatology.
An Oration on THE USE OF FOXGLOVE AT THE BEDSIDE
Authors: K. F. Wenckebach
Journal: BMJ (1930)

THE k;ilidl inivitation to address this distinguioslled assenliilv I deemii a v-ery-gr-eat lhonour.It w-as -unexpected, and at fit-st I even felt a little sur-prised, lhavinig beeni in close relationislhip nieitlher with Bil-mingham iol witli tle General Ho0spital and its plhysicianis.But onie Ilaine appeared in ycur letter w-hich gave a key' to why this gi-eat lloiiour ii,llt have beeni bestowed upon me.The niamiie of the (his- coverer of tile w-oiderful qualities of the foxglove, Williamii Witllelrillgi, doubled the honlour of the invi'itation, the pleasure of acceptinig it, anid, at the same tiime, gave miie an) imlIelative aiid elcomiie hinit as to the iaoost suiitable subject to offer for my lecture.Digitalis is onie of tile most fanmouls drugi,>s iii o0111 pllalracolloeia; it illterests the profession p)rofollllly, even imlo-e thlani maiis-of tlhe miiost modernii forml.s of treatnienmt.Aiticles of every size anid in ever y tonigule, written for' practical use, or of a miore or less purely scientific chlaracter, fill tIle medical weeklies anid the big archiv-es all over thle w-orld.
SURGICAL LESIONS OF THE AXILLARY PLEXUS.
Authors: JOHN A. WYETH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Temporary paralysis following a surgical operation due generally to accident or inadvertence is sufficiently common to justify the report of the following case, which I hope may be of service in preventing a similar accident to others: While I had met with loss of function in the peroneal muscles due to the prolonged compression of the external popliteal or peroneal nerve on the fibula as it passes along the outer side of that bone, and while my attention had been called to several cases of temporary paralysis of the extensor muscles of the forearm due to a compression of the musculospiral nerve against the edge of the operating table during prolonged narcosis, or as a result of a rubber tourniquet too tightly drawn, I had never met with any case of entire paralysis of the upper extremity caused by overstretching of the axillary plexus in the operation of removing the
MCF7 Side Population Cells with Characteristics of Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells Express the Tumor Antigen MUC1
Authors: Katja Engelmann, Hongmei Shen, Olivera J. Finn
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Chemotherapy, radiation, and growth inhibitory drugs preferentially eliminate actively growing cancer cells. Cancer recurrence is currently thought to be due to nondividing cancer stem/progenitor cells that are resistant to these therapies. Different therapeutic approaches need to be considered for the elimination of the cancer stem cell population. Immunotherapy is one such approach. In addition to specificity and lack of toxicity, immunotherapy targets cancer cells irrespective of their state of proliferation, as long as they express particular tumor antigens. For that reason, it is important to examine if the tumor antigens that are currently being tested as immunotherapeutic agents are also present on cancer stem cells. This study aimed to determine if one well-known tumor antigen, MUC1, which is being tested as an immunotherapy target on tumor cells, is also expressed on the quiescent cancer stem/progenitor cells. We used the so-called side population (SP) cells found in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line, which we first confirmed by cell surface markers and gene profiling to be highly enriched in cells that fulfill specific functional, phenotypic, and molecular criteria for being tumor stem/progenitor cells. We show that these cells express MUC1 and give rise to MUC1+ tumors in vivo, which maintain the MUC1+ SP population. MUC1 on SP cells is hypoglycosylated and heavily sialylated; the characteristics of the tumor-specific form were expressed on mature cancer cells and recognized by tumor-specific T cells and antibodies. This suggests that stem/progenitor cells, like mature tumor cells, would be targets of MUC1-directed immunotherapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(7):2419–26]
285 Immunomodulation of roxithromycin for Dermatophagoides farinae(Df)-induced IL4, IFN-γ production in PBMCs from patients with bronchial asthma (BA)
Authors: T NOMA, I YOSHIZAWA, T NAKAJIMA, M HAYASHI, Y KAWANO, K KOU
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
Book Review Paediatric Cardiology Second edition. Edited by Robert H. Anderson, Edward J. Baker, Fergus J. Macartney, Michael L. Rigby, Elliot A. Shinebourne, and Michael Tynan. 2071 pp., in two volumes, illustrated. London, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. $399. 0-443-07990-0
Authors: Brent J. Barber, David J. Sahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)
Abstract A29: Notch-dependent modulation of microRNAs in rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Rossella Rota, Roberta Ciarapica, Letizia Da Sacco, Maria De Salvo, Andrea Masotti, Lucio Miele, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric tumor that originates from skeletal muscle precursors. Therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the differentiation potential of RMS tumor cells are accepted as anti-cancer approaches. Therefore, pathways involved in skeletal muscle determination are good potential targets. We have recently demonstrated that Notch3 signaling is over-activated in RMS cell lines of both embryonal and alveolar subtype. Down-regulation of Notch3 expression resulted in cell cycle inhibition of RMS alveolar and embryonal cell lines that showed the appearance of multinucleated structures indicative of skeletal muscle-like myotubes in vitro. Moreover, Notch3 knockdown impaired tumor growth in vivo. Here we expand this study evaluating, through microarrays profiling, the expression of microRNAs 48 hours after Notch3 siRNA treatment compared to that of control siRNA. Several up- or down-regulated microRNAs were detected in both RH30 alveolar and RD embryonal cells. The up-regulation of muscle-specific microRNAs such as miR-1, miR-133 and miR-206 was confirmed 24 and 48 hours post-Notch3 depletion by RT-qPCR. Moreover, non-muscle-specific microRNAs such as miR-26a and miR-214 that cooperate to myogenesis were up-regulated as well. Altogether, these preliminary results indicate that Notch3 prevents the differentiation of RMS cells also through down-regulation of pro-myogenic microRNAs. More deep studies are in course to dissect the Notch3-dependent modulation of these small non-coding RNAs in this soft tissue sarcoma. Citation Format: Rossella Rota, Sr., Roberta Ciarapica, Jr., Letizia Da Sacco, Jr., Maria De Salvo, Jr., Andrea Masotti, Sr., Lucio Miele, Sr., Franco Locatelli, Sr. Notch-dependent modulation of microRNAs in rhabdomyosarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.
Impact of adaptive servo‐ventilation on cardiovascular function and prognosis in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Akiomi Yoshihisa, Satoshi Suzuki, Takayoshi Yamaki, Koichi Sugimoto, Hiroyuki Kunii, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu‐ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
THE DERMOSTRATION OF HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVIY IN HUMAN FOETAL SKIN IN THE FIRST 32 WEEKS OF GESTATION
Authors: FRANK SHARP, KENNETH C. CALMAN, JOHN A. MILNE, HAMISH YOUNG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— Specimens of skin of 25 human foetuses from 8 to 32 weeks gestation were incubated to demonstrate the presence of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases by histochemical methods. 17β-HSD was demonstrated at 16 weeks gestation, when fully differentiated sebaceous glands were first visualized. 3β-HSD and 16β-HSD were recognized at a later stage. These enzymes were found only in sebaceous glands and in no other appendages. A comparison between the human foetal and adult pattern of enzyme activity has been drawn, and the significance of the results discussed.
Points: Damage to postgraduate education from withdrawal of section 63
Authors: J. K Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

but no obstructing lesion or other abnormality were found.He had an uneventful recovery.Acute pseudo-obstruction of the large bowel is a recognised, potentially fatal, clinical syndrome.'The mechanism is unknown, but the condition may be associated with serious pathology inside or outside the abdomen.'-3Our experience suggests that pulmonary thromboembolism may lead to this condition.1 Addison NV.Pseudo-obstruction of the large bowel.
Case of Acute Glanders followed by Recovery
Authors: F. W. Mackenzie
Journal: BMJ (1851)

ACUTE GLANDERS; WITII REMARKS.stallised, and weighed altogether eight ounecs and four drachms.The body was extremely emaciated, but free from any other disease.REMARKS.-Many cases similar to this are on record; but I have selected it, as illustrative( of the object I have in view, Viz., to direct attention to a more careful diagnosis.It is not improbable, that if in thc early stages of the disease, the urine had from time to time been tested, the further deposit of earthy matter might have been prevented bv ap- propriate treatment, instead of being incrcasced bvmagnesia and the other alkaline medicines, which wvere the remedies mainly had recourse to.It is remarkable hoiw large a portion of the glandular substance of the kidneys may be displaced by calculous matter, without impairing, their functions, and sometimes also without occasioning much pain.In this case, till wvithin a few weeks of the patient's death, the pain was not of a fixed character; nor clid it disable him from following his usual occupation, till he was prevented doing so by exhaustion an(d debility.In the Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of Calculi, in the Museunm of the Royal Colege of Surgeons in London, there is an engraving of a large Calcululs, of the shape and structujre of those I have described.This calculus, now in the museum, weighs seven ounces an(d four draclims.In an original memorandum by Mr. Hunter, appended to it, it is stated, that "this calculus was taken from the pelvis of the right kidney of Mrs., a natural daughter of Sir Richard Steele.Shle was never known to have a nephritic symptom till just before her death, when she was taken with a violent pain in her right side, near to the back, the seat of the right kidney, which appears to have thrown her into a fever, of which she died: and upon opening, the body was found this stone, filling up an enlarged pelvis, and the substance of the kidney itself become so thin, as only to appear like a coat or mem- brane covering the stone, which gave the idea to the surgeon, that the substance of the kidney was grown into a stone."Wirksworth, July 31, 1851.
An Address ON THE HISTORY OF THE INVENTION AND DISCOVERY OF SPECTACLES: Being the Inaugural Address delivered before the Members of the Bradford Division of the British Medical Association
Authors: G. H. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1913)

liced niot excite ou1r surprise, as the people of the early ChCristian era obtained-their knowledge from the Greeks and Romans only.In old writings casual mention is imade of magnifying glasses, but never of spectacles.Winfrid, the great Scot, called St. Boniface (A.D. 680-755), kinew the effect of magnifyinig glasses, as also did the Geerman poet Konrad, whio died in 1287.The Arabian Aliazen, in the miliddele of the eleventhi century, speaks of the magnification caused by a segment of a glass ball, anid hiis conmmentator, -V itellio, was anxious to obtain such a gla.kss to enable hiiim to see small objects better.Roger Biaconi, one of the most learned men of hiis day, was the l irst to make mention of g,lasses, in the year 1276.He reinarks, in treating of the properties of glass lenses, of which lie hiad a very valuable collection, how useful they must, be for tthose whio are old and have weak sighlt."About the year 1300 glasses were well known in Germany, as is expressly signified by the lyric poets of that time, and, according to von Humboldt, they were tlien extensively used in Flanders.Pausier says that