tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rectal Bleeding in a 4-Month-Old Boy
Authors: John A. Dutro
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>Clinical Information</h3> A 4-month-old boy was seen initially with a 24-hour history of painless hematochezia. His parents had noted two episodes of maroon-colored stool that did not appear to be associated with any abdominal distress. No history of hematemesis or diarrhea was obtained. His medical history was unremarkable, with normal growth and development. Physical examination revealed a well-nourished, well-hydrated infant in no apparent distress. Vital signs were normal. The abdomen was soft, with no palpable masses and active bowel sounds. Rectal examination revealed no masses, but bright-red blood was noted on the examining finger. Findings from the remainder of the examination were normal. Laboratory data demonstrated a hemoglobin level of 7.7 g/dL (77 g/L) and a hematocrit of 22.8% (0.22). The white blood cell count was 6600/mm<sup>3</sup>(6.6×10<sup>9</sup>/L). An upright roentgenogram of the abdomen was obtained and demonstrated no abnormalities. The abdominal technetium scan is shown in
Late asthmatic reactions provoked by intradermal injection of T-cell peptide epitopes are not associated with bronchial mucosal infiltration of eosinophils or TH2-type cells or with elevated concentrations of histamine or eicosanoids in bronchoalveolar fluid
Authors: Brigitte M. Haselden, Mark Larché, Qiu Meng, Karen Shirley, Ryszard Dworski, Allen P. Kaplan, Christopher Bates, Douglas S. Robinson, Sun Ying, A.Barry Kay
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2001)
Striatal “Function-Metabolism” Mismatch on F-18 FDG/F-18 FDOPA PET/CT
Authors: Madhavi Tripathi, Rajnish Sharma, Abhinav Jaimini, Gunjan Garg, Aditi Khurana, Maria D'Souza, Raunak Varshney, Anil Mishra, Anupam Mondal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Decrease in gray matter metabolism following cranial irradiation has been documented, but the functional relevance of this finding has not been documented. This case of "function-metabolism" mismatch in the striatum following radiation for a grade III frontoparietal glioma demonstrates that the down-regulation of glucose metabolism as demonstrated by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography is associated with preservation of presynaptic dopaminergic function by the striatal neurons which was demonstrated on a correlative l-3,4-dihydroxy-6-F-flurophenylalanine (F-18 FDOPA) study. The reversibility of this down-regulation is demonstrated in a follow-up scan further proving that there is no neurodegeneration involved.
Elevated c-Src tyrosine kinase activity in premalignant epithelia of ulcerative colitis.
Authors: C A Cartwright, C A Coad, B M Egbert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon with a high incidence of colon cancer. Dysplasia is a precursor to carcinoma and a predictor of malignant potential; epithelia containing high-grade or severe dysplasia is most likely to develop cancer. The cellular oncogene c-src and its viral homologue v-src (the transforming gene of Rous sarcoma virus) encode 60-kD cytoplasmic, membrane-associated protein tyrosine kinases. For the viral protein or transforming mutants of the cellular protein (Src), a close correlation exists between elevated tyrosine kinase activity and malignant transformation of cells. Previously, we and others observed elevated Src activity in sporadic colon carcinomas and benign adenomas at greatest risk for developing cancer (those with large size, villous architecture, and/or severe dysplasia). Here we report that Src activity and protein abundance are also elevated in neoplastic UC epithelia. Activity is highest in malignant and severely dysplastic epithelia, and 6-10-fold higher in mildly dysplastic than in nondysplastic epithelia. Thus, Src activity is elevated in premalignant UC epithelia, which is at greatest risk for developing cancer. The data suggest that activation of the src proto-oncogene is an early event in the genesis of UC colon cancer.
Multifunctional hollow gold nanoparticles designed for triple combination therapy and CT imaging
Authors: Jaesook Park, Jin Park, Eun Jin Ju, Seok Soon Park, Jinhyang Choi, Jae Hee Lee, Kyoung Jin Lee, Seol Hwa Shin, Eun Jung Ko, Intae Park, Chulhee Kim, Jung Jin Hwang, Jung Shin Lee, Si Yeol Song, Seong-Yun Jeong, Eun Kyung Choi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Nutrition and Rheumatic Disease
Authors: Douglas Kalman
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GINA guidelines on asthma and beyond<sup>*</sup>
Authors: J. Bousquet, T. J. H. Clark, S. Hurd, N. Khaltaev, C. Lenfant, P. O'Byrne, A. Sheffer
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Clinical guidelines are systematically developed statements designed to help practitioners and patients make decisions regarding the appropriate health care for specific circumstances. Guidelines are based on the scientific evidence on therapeutic interventions. The first asthma guidelines were published in the mid 1980s when asthma became a recognized public health problem in many countries. The Global Initiative on Asthma (GINA) was launched in 1995 as a collaborative effort between the NHLBI and the World Health Organization (WHO). The first edition was opinion‐based but updates were evidence‐based. A new update of the GINA guidelines was recently available and it is based on the control of the disease. Asthma guidelines are prepared to stimulate the implementation of practical guidelines in order to reduce the global burden of asthma. Although asthma guidelines may not be perfect, they appear to be the best vehicle available to assist primary care physicians and patients to receive the best possible care of asthma.
Repair of Traumatic Rupture of the Aortic Arch
Authors: Joseph C. Kiser
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta has interested surgeons for many years. The mechanism and the methods of treatment have been widely discussed. The most common site of injury is at, or just distal to, the left subclavian artery. Traumatic rupture of the transverse portion of the arch is unusual. With reliable and safe techniques of extracorporeal circulation, the treatment of this injury depends largely upon early and precise diagnosis. Perhaps as many as 80% of these patients die immediately.<sup>1</sup>However, of those surviving the initial insult, the salvage rate by currently available techniques should be substantial. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 23-year-old man was seen in the emergency room at 3:37 PM, June 7, 1967, after having been pinned between two trucks in a gravel pit two hours earlier. Initial examination revealed only a contusion over the mid sternum and the right side of the
Unnecessary Pacemaker
Authors: Say Salomon, James Fausto
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF SEVEN CASES OF PARALYSIS WITHOUT GROSS ANATOMIC CHANGEIN RELATION TO THE CAUSE OR CAUSES OF UREMIC HEMIPLEGIA.
Authors: JOHN H. W. RHEIN
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The following report embodies the results of a pathologic study of.seven cases of paralysis associated with chronic kidney disease, such as are not infrequently regarded as of uremic origin, in which no gross anatomic change was found to account for the paralysis. These cases were studied with a view of determining, if possible, the cause, or causes, of paralysis, as we observe it, in persons brought to the hospital who lived under observation but a short time, and who present paralysis which can hot be attributed to cerebral hemorrhage, with which the evidences of grave nephritis are often associated. In Cases 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, the findings warranted a diagnosis of cerebral syphilis, and in Case 6 the lesion, although not entirely characteristic of syphilis, pointed to a similar diagnosis. In this case there was much arterial change, and the perivascular spaces of the paracentral cortex were
U.K. standards of care for occupational contact dermatitis and occupational contact urticaria
Authors: A. Adisesh, E. Robinson, P.J. Nicholson, D. Sen, M. Wilkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The diagnosis of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) and occupational contact urticaria (OCU) is a process that involves fastidious clinical and occupational history taking, clinical examination, patch testing and skin-prick testing. A temporal relationship of work and/or the presence of a rash on the hands only raises suspicion of an occupational cause, and does not necessarily confirm an occupational causation. The identification of allergy by patch or prick tests is a major objective, as exclusion of an offending allergen from the environment can contribute to clinical recovery in the individual worker and avoidance of new cases of disease. This can be a complex process where allergens and irritants, and therefore allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, may coexist. This article provides guidance to healthcare professionals dealing with workers exposed to agents that potentially cause OCD and OCU. Specifically it aims to summarize the 2010 British Occupational Health Research Foundation (BOHRF) systematic review, and also to help practitioners translate the BOHRF guideline into clinical practice. As such, it aims to be of value to physicians and nurses based in primary and secondary care, as well as occupational health and public health clinicians. It is hoped that it will also be of value to employers, interested workers and those with responsibility for workplace standards, such as health and safety representatives. Note that it is not intended, nor should it be taken to imply, that these standards of care override existing statutory and legal obligations. Duties under the U.K. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002, the Equality Act 2010 and other relevant legislation and guidance must be given due consideration, as should laws relevant to other countries.
Depression and Object Loss in Acute Psychiatric Admissions
Authors: CARL P. MALMQUIST
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The author studied depressed and nondepressed patients who were comparable in terms of age, social class, and parental age at birth to see if a greater incidence of past or present object loss occurred in either group. While no significant differences appeared, data suggest that losses in the five-to-nine-year age range would prove significant in a larger sample.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcripts identified in HIV-related psoriasis and Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.
Authors: S E Mahoney, M Duvic, B J Nickoloff, M Minshall, L C Smith, C E Griffiths, S W Paddock, D E Lewis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Persons with HIV infection sometimes develop aggressive psoriasis or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) not usually seen in other immunosuppressed patients. However, a specific and direct pathophysiological role for HIV-1 in these AIDS-associated disorders remains unclear since HIV has not been easily detected in these skin lesions. By combining in situ hybridization with the sensitive detection technique of confocal laser scanning microscopy, we have demonstrated HIV RNA transcripts in 5 of 15 lesional skin biopsies from HIV-infected psoriasis patients, and in 3 of 8 Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies from HIV-infected patients. HIV transcripts were not detected in normal appearing skin from HIV-infected patients or in psoriatic and normal skin biopsies from uninfected individuals (P = 0.006). Although previous attempts to demonstrate viral sequences in psoriasis and KS lesions have been unsuccessful, in situ hybridization with confocal microscopy has shown the presence of HIV RNA transcripts predominantly within CD4+, Factor XIIIa positive dermal dendrocytes. HIV or cytokines produced by infected cells in skin lesions may therefore play a direct role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated psoriasis and KS.
Computer Technology and Clinical Work
Authors: Robert L. Wears, Marc Berg
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic Value of NH2-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With Diabetes and Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Charlotte Kragelund, Ida Gustafsson, Torbjørn Omland, Bjørn Grønning, Lars Køber, Jens Faber, Søren Strande, Rolf Steffensen, Per Hildebrandt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Cardiovascular disease is the most frequent cause of death in patients with diabetes (1). It is difficult to evaluate the cardiovascular status of patients with diabetes because of complex symptomology, evidence of silent ischemia, and subclinical cardiac disease. Brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the NH2-terminal fragment of its prohormone (NT-proBNP) are novel biomarkers, which are released from cardiomyocytes in response to myocyte stretch. BNP and NT-proBNP both predict morbidity and mortality in the general population and in high-risk groups (2,3). In patients with diabetes, BNP is a promising screening marker for left-ventricular dysfunction, and both BNP and NT-proBNP are markers of increased risk (4–6). It is not known whether NT-proBNP is a useful risk marker in patients with diabetes and established coronary heart disease.

A total of 1,034 consenting patients with angina pectoris, or evidence of ischemia on exercise electrocardiography or myocardial radionuclide imaging, were included in this analysis. A detailed description of the study population has been reported previously (3). The Danish health authorities and regional ethics committee approved the study, and all participating subjects provided informed consent.

At baseline, selective coronary angiography and left ventriculography were performed in all patients. A thorough medical history of previous cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and smoking habits was recorded. Diabetes was defined as a history of diabetes, on antidiabetic treatment, or …
50 years ago: polio epidemics, immunisation, and politics
Authors: D. Boda
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Efforts to develop a polio vaccine started in the United States in the early 1950s, with trials of the Salk vaccine taking place in 1954.1 In Hungary, the Salk vaccine was used after the 1957 epidemic. After a more severe epidemic in 1959, however, the need for a more effective prophylaxis became apparent.2 News emerged that AB Sabin, a US immunologist had developed an attenuated live virus vaccine given orally.

Learning that Mikhail Chumakov had given the “Sabin drops” to ten million children in the former Soviet Union caused a sensation. Chumakov, head of the Polio Research Institute in Moscow, had visited the United States and offered to cooperate with Sabin. …
Solving the language origins puzzle: Collecting and assembling<i>all</i>pertinent pieces
Authors: Kathleen R. Gibson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Wilkins &amp; Wakefield fall short of solving the language origin puzzle because they underestimate the cognitive and linguistic capacities of great apes. A focus on ape capacities leads to the recognition of varied levels of cognition and language and to a gradualistic model of language emergence in which early hominid language skills exceed those of the apes but fall far short of those of modern humans or later fossil hominid groups.
THE USE OF COCAIN IN MINOR AMPUTATIONS.
Authors: C. M. DANIELS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Appreciating that at this, the second meeting of the Academy of Railway Surgeons, many papers of highly scientific and scholarly character would be read, I have ventured to tender one that may be as a rest "between the acts," but of a strictly practical character, and based entirely upon personal experience. I offer this brief paper as a fragmentary contribution to the literature upon cocain as a local anesthetic. The question and study of anesthetics is always germane to the subject of surgery, and as railway surgeons we are close observers of the action of chloroform, ether and the other essentials used by way of inhalation for the purpose of producing neurotic narcosis for the relief of pain in our operative work. Safety is, or always should be, our first consideration. The loss of sensibility, known as anesthesia, may be general or local, being dependent upon the agent and method
Adenoviral-Mediated Suicide Gene Therapy for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Ronald D. Alvarez, Jesus Gomez-Navarro, Minghui Wang, Mack N. Barnes, Theresa V. Strong, Ramin B. Arani, Waleed Arafat, Joseph V. Hughes, Gene P. Siegal, David T. Curiel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

The purpose of this phase I study was to determine the potential efficacy of adenoviral-mediated suicide gene therapy in women with recurrent ovarian cancer. Fourteen patients were treated intraperitoneally with herpes simplex virus–thymidine kinase (HSV-TK)-encoding adenovirus (AdHSV-TK) in dosages ranging between 1 × 109 and 1 × 1011 pfu. Beginning 2 days later, ganciclovir (GCV) was administered intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg bid for 14 days. Transient vector-associated fever was experienced by 4 of 14 (29%) treated patients. Other possible vector-associated constitutional symptoms, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms were experienced by 6 of 14 (43%) treated patients. No other dose-limiting vector-specific side effects were noted. Of the 13 patients evaluable for response, 5 (38%) had stable disease and 8 (62%) had evidence of progressive disease. Molecular analysis of evaluable ascites samples demonstrated the presence of transgene DNA and RNA in most patients 2 days following Ad HSV-TK administration. Ten of 11 evaluable patients had an increase in anti-adenovirus antibody titer. These results suggest that treatment with AdHSV-TK in combination with GCV is feasible in the context of human ovarian cancer and tolerated at the dosages studied. The purpose of this phase I study was to determine the potential efficacy of adenoviral-mediated suicide gene therapy in women with recurrent ovarian cancer. Fourteen patients were treated intraperitoneally with herpes simplex virus–thymidine kinase (HSV-TK)-encoding adenovirus (AdHSV-TK) in dosages ranging between 1 × 109 and 1 × 1011 pfu. Beginning 2 days later, ganciclovir (GCV) was administered intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg bid for 14 days. Transient vector-associated fever was experienced by 4 of 14 (29%) treated patients. Other possible vector-associated constitutional symptoms, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms were experienced by 6 of 14 (43%) treated patients. No other dose-limiting vector-specific side effects were noted. Of the 13 patients evaluable for response, 5 (38%) had stable disease and 8 (62%) had evidence of progressive disease. Molecular analysis of evaluable ascites samples demonstrated the presence of transgene DNA and RNA in most patients 2 days following Ad HSV-TK administration. Ten of 11 evaluable patients had an increase in anti-adenovirus antibody titer. These results suggest that treatment with AdHSV-TK in combination with GCV is feasible in the context of human ovarian cancer and tolerated at the dosages studied.
PELLAGRA IN GREAT BRITAIN: THREE NEW INDIGENOUS CASES
Authors: L. W. Sambon
Journal: BMJ (1913)

TDI BR« I I9.In regard to the treatment of these cases, incision and drainage offer the only chance.The procedure in any one case must necessarily depend on the conditions found, remembering always that the patient should be conducted to a cure with the least possible sum total of hazard to his life.
The Revolution in American Health Care
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The Revolution in American Health CareThe years encompassed by the Nixon presidency —however many they may turn out to be — generally add up to a saga of dismantling or doing nothing on the domestic scene, in line with our leader's second inaugural prescription for the citizenry to look after itself. Some aspects of the field of health, notably basic research, partake of this policy of benign or vigorous neglect, but perhaps to a unique extent, positive changes of such great magnitude are now being wrought in federal relations with most aspects of medical research and practice that within . . .
Chemotherapy of brain tumour using doxorubicin bound to surfactant-coated poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: Revisiting the role of surfactants
Authors: B. Petri, A. Bootz, A. Khalansky, T. Hekmatara, R. Müller, R. Uhl, J. Kreuter, S. Gelperina
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)