tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Science ≠ imperialism: There are nontrivial constraints on color naming
Authors: Paul Kay, Brent Berlin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Saunders &amp; van Brakel's claim that Berlin and Kay (1969) assumed a language/vision correlation in the area of color categorization and disguised this assumption as a finding is shown to be false. The methodology of the World Color Survey, now nearing completion, is discussed and the possibility of an additional language/vision correlation in color categorization is suggested.
Pifithrin α, a Selective Inhibitor of p53-Mediated Transcription, Augments Apoptotic Killing of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells by Nutlin 3a and Cytotoxic Drugs.
Authors: Andrew J. Steele, Archie Prentice, Kate Cwynarski, A. Victor Hoffbrand, R. Gitendra Wickremasinghe
Journal: Blood (2007)
Vectorcardiographic Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: DONALD W. ROMHILT, JOSEPH C. GREENFIELD, E. HARVEY ESTES
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The vectorcardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy, using the Frank lead system, was evaluated in 93 autopsied male patients (70 with hypertrophy of the left ventricle and 23 without such hypertrophy). The criterion of the maximal QRS magnitude in the transverse plane greater than 2.2 mv below the age of 50 years and 1.8 mv at the age of 50 or more was positive in 61% of hypertrophied hearts and negative for all the nonhypertrophied hearts. The criterion of the T loop vector greater than H°-70° in the transverse plane was positive in 82% of 49 hypertrophied hearts and positive in one (7%) of 15 normal hearts for which the T loop was available. The maximal QRS magnitudes in the frontal and sagittal planes had too low a sensitivity to be of value while the angles of the maximal QRS vector in the transverse and sagittal planes was too nonspecific to be useful. By combining the QRS magnitude and the T loop vector in the transverse plane, the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy was made in 90% of 49 hypertrophied hearts for which the T loop was available.
Quantitative Evaluation of ECG Components of Workers Exposed to Carbon Disulfide
Authors: Abdel-Aziz M. Kamal, Aly Ahmed, Khaled Saied, Manal Metwally
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The components of electrocardiograms (ECG) of 253 workers exposed to carbon disulfide (CDS) and those of 99 controls were quantitatively measured and evaluated. ECG of the exposed workers showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of ECG pathological changes, higher P amplitude and Macruz index, longer P duration, longer both crude and corrected Q-T intervals and R-R intervals and shorter P-R segments and QRS intervals than that of the controls. On the other hand, P-R intervals and heart rates of the two groups were not significantly different. Among both the the exposed and control groups, values of P duration were significantly negatively correlated with that of P-R segment: r = -0.216 and -0.132, respectively, p greater than 0.05. Values of the ECG components were not related to duration of exposure to CDS. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between duration of exposure of the exposed workers with and of those without pathological ECG changes. The method used in our study may be useful in evaluating the ECG of exposed workers before the appearance of the known pathological abnormalities.
Determination of anthralin in commercial ointments
Authors: J.-C. CARON, B. SHROOT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Determination of anthralin in commercial ointments Get access J.‐C. CARON, J.‐C. CARON Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiques Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne Cédex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. SHROOT B. SHROOT Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiques Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne Cédex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue s20, 1 August 1981, Pages 57–58, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01007.x Published: 01 August 1981
CHRONIC EFFECTS OF PERCUTANEOUS RENAL SYMPATHETIC DENERVATION ON RENAL HEMODYNAMICS AND PLASMA NOREPINEPHRINE LEVELS USING A NOVEL CATHETER FOR RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION
Authors: Konstantinos P. Tsioufis, Vasilios Papademetriou, K. Dimitriadis, D. Tsiachris, C. Thomopoulos, Euljoon Park, I. Tatsis, C. Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Dehydration, Delirium, and Disability in Elderly Patients-Reply
Authors: Luigi Ferrucci
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Reyes-Ortiz brings to our attention the role that 2 classic geriatric syndromes, dehydration and delirium, may play in the development of disability in older persons. We were actually surprised by the finding in our study that nearly 3% of persons who developed progressive severe disability had dehydration listed as the first hospital discharge diagnosis in the year they became disabled. Indeed, we believe that what we found is only the tip of the iceberg and that the percentage of severely disabled older persons who are hospitalized for dehydration actually is much higher. While dehydration is often the factor that precipitates hospital admission,<sup>1</sup>it usually is not well documented in medical charts, is occasionally misdiagnosed, and only seldom is indicated as the underlying cause of hospitalization in the discharge records.<sup>2</sup>Dehydration is a common problem in older persons because the aging process is often accompanied by a misregulation
Report on a Case of Unilateral Convulsions and Hemiplegia Depending upon a Lesion of Certain Cerebral Convolutions
Authors: B. Bramwell
Journal: BMJ (1877)

course.As an anonymous writer happily puts it in a late number of the Medical and Chirurgical Review (January I877, p. I9): "' There is no treatment of phthisis ; there is a great variety of treatment, as there is a great variety of temperament, for those that suffer from phthisis."It would be idle to do more than suggest, as I have done throughout my remarks here and elsewhere on the natural history of this disease, the limits of prognosis in any individual case.Unhappily, those limits are often narrowed by the carelessness of the patient, who is blinded to his danger, or by the obstinacy of friends who are un- willing to believe the truth.And in this particular alone perhaps some of us may liken ourselves to that illustrious physician who is described by Tacitus* as "non quidem regere valetudines Principis solitus, con- silii tamen copiam proebere".
Comparison of peak expiratory flows and FEV<sub>1</sub> in assessing immediate asthmatic reactions due to occupational agents
Authors: K Weytjens, J‐L Malo, A Cartier, H Ghezzo, J‐P Delwiche, O Vandenplas
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background : FEV 1 is more sensitive than PEF in assessing late asthmatic responses (LAR) after specific inhalation challenges (SIC) with occupational agents. As immediate asthmatic reactions (IAR) mainly involve proximal airways, PEF may, however, be as valid as FEV 1 . Methods : Thirty‐seven subjects who experienced an immediate fall in FEV 1 of ≥20% during SIC with occupational agents and 20 subjects with fall of ≤10% in FEV 1 were included. Both FEV 1 and PEF were measured in a random order every 10 min for 1 h after exposure. We corrected PEF (PEFc) for inaccuracies of the mini‐Wright meters by the Miller equation. Results : Maximum changes in PEFc (30±11%) were not significantly different from changes in FEV 1 (27±5%) ( P =0.13). Their timings after exposure were 14±11 min and 17±17 min, respectively ( P =0.4). High sensitivity (92%), specificity (95%), accuracy (93%), and positive predictive value (97%) were found for a 20% fall in PEFc to detect a significant IAR. Results were better and not influenced by meter inaccuracies with a cutoff point of 15% change in noncorrected PEF (PEFnc). An absolute decrease in PEF of 70 l/min gave a good discrimination between reactions with and without an asthmatic response. Conclusions : PEF is as satisfactory as FEV 1 for detecting a significant IAR after exposure to an occupational agent if one considers a cutoff point of 1)15% fall in PEF 2)20% fall in PEFc 3)20% fall and/or 70 l/min decrease in PEFnc.
5-Azacytidine acts directly on both erythroid precursors and progenitors to increase production of fetal hemoglobin.
Authors: R K Humphries, G Dover, N S Young, J G Moore, S Charache, T Ley, A W Nienhuis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The effect of 5-azacytidine on erythroid precursors and progenitors was studied in nine patients with sickle cell anemia or severe thalassemia. Each patient received the drug intravenously for 5 or 7 d. 5-Azacytidine caused a four- to sixfold increase in gamma-messenger RNA concentration in bone marrow cells of eight of the nine patients and decreased the methylation frequency of a specific cytosine residue in the gamma-globin gene promoter in all nine patients. Within 2 d of the start of drug treatment there was a rise in the percentage of reticulocytes containing fetal hemoglobin (HbF; F-reticulocytes) without a significant change in the total number of reticulocytes, which suggested that there was a direct action of 5-azacytidine on erythroid precursors. Late erythroid progenitors (CFU-E), present in bone marrow after 2 d of drug administration, formed colonies containing an increased amount of HbF as compared with control colonies. Moreover, the number of CFU-E derived colonies was not decreased at these early times, which suggested that there was a direct action of 5-azacytidine on erythroid progenitors in the absence of cytotoxicity. Exposure of normal bone marrow cells in tissue culture to 5-azacytidine for 24 h reproduced both of these effects as judged during subsequent colony formation. The combined direct effects of 5-azacytidine on both the erythroid precursor and progenitor compartments resulted in an increase in HbF synthesis that was sustained for 2-3 wk. Toxicity to bone marrow as reflected by cytoreduction was evident after treatment in some patients but was not accompanied by an increase in HbF production. A correlation was found between the effects of 5-azacytidine on bone marrow, as assessed by in vitro measurements, and the hematological response of the individual patients to drug treatment.
Medical advances reduce risk of behaviours related to high sociosexuality
Authors: Valerie J. Grant
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Although statistically significant correlations have been found among political, economic, and social indices, on the one hand, and measures of sociosexuality, on the other, it is likely that these correlations are second-order effects. Underpinning the reproductive freedom associated with higher sociosexuality are factors more closely related to biology, namely, easy access to safe, effective contraception and reproductive medical care.
The hen's egg test (HET)—an alternative toxicity test
Authors: N.P. LUPKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article The hen's egg test (HET)—an alternative toxicity test Get access N.P. LÜPKE N.P. LÜPKE Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Münster, D‐5500 Münster, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s31, 1 August 1986, Pages 133–135, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02123.x Published: 01 August 1986
Induction of an acute vitamin A-deficient state following total body irradiation impairs anti-tumor immunity by altering the homeostasis of pre-cDC derived dendritic cells
Authors: Christopher A Klebanoff, Sean Spencer, Rahu Roychoudhuri, Yun Ji, Madhu Sukumar, Pawel Muranski, Joseph L Napoli, Luca Gattinoni, Yasmine Belkaid, Nicholas P Restifo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Host conditioning with total body irradiation (TBI) can potently augment adoptive T cell (ACT) immunotherapies by removal of sinks for homeostatic cytokines such as IL-7 and IL-15, depletion of CD4+ Tregs, and liberation of endogenous toll like-receptor agonists. Clinically, TBI-
USE AND ASSOCIATED OUTCOMES OF PERIPROCEDURAL IMAGING FOR CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Benjamin Steinberg, Bradley Hammill, James Daubert, Tristram Bahnson, Pamela Douglas, Sean Pokorney, Laura Qualls, Hugh Calkins, Lesley Curtis, Jonathan Piccini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Physicians at AMA Amsterdam News Seminar Offer Panoramic View of Their Varied Roles in Pandemic
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

FROM 13 of the 133 countries that now have AIDS, physicians who care for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection gathered to share the facts of their successes and frustrations at the American Medical Association's all-day news media briefing in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Participation by a wide variety of nations was invited. The speakers who were able to appear at the briefing, nominated by the health authorities of their countries as experts on HIV/AIDS, represented Brazil, Canada, China, France, Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Japan, Kenya, the Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, and the United States. A physician from Poland, who could not attend, sent a detailed report. Held immediately before the Eighth International Conference on AIDS under the title "Physicians Battling the AIDS Epidemic," the forum gave print and broadcast reporters a chance to hear the way the war is being waged around the world, as well
Barium Enema Septicemia
Authors: H.A. Day
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Richman et al (226:62, 1973) concerned barium enema septicemia. Recently, we also saw a young infant develop sepsis after a barium enema examination. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 7-week-old white male infant was admitted because of constipation, abdominal distension, and failure to thrive. The lethargic and dehydrated infant's abdomen was grossly distended and tympanic to percussion, with normal bowel sounds. A roentgenogram showed gas and feces scattered throughout the colon and small bowel with no evidence of mechanical obstruction. The infant was rehydrated with intravenous fluid. A barium enema examination was reported as normal with complete evacuation of the contrast media after 12 hours. Nasogastric and rectal tubes were inserted for decompression. On the fourth day of hospitalization, a rectal biopsy revealed normal ganglion cells. The infant became febrile (38.8 C [102 F]), more lethargic, and had diarrhea approximately 72 hours after the barium
Cryptococcus neoformans Copper Detoxification Machinery Is Critical for Fungal Virulence
Authors: Chen Ding, Richard A. Festa, Ying-Lien Chen, Anna Espart, Òscar Palacios, Jordi Espín, Mercè Capdevila, Sílvia Atrian, Joseph Heitman, Dennis J. Thiele
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Bosentan Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Lewis J. Rubin, David B. Badesch, Robyn J. Barst, Nazzareno Galiè, Carol M. Black, Anne Keogh, Tomas Pulido, Adaani Frost, Sébastien Roux, Isabelle Leconte, Michael Landzberg, Gérald Simonneau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Endothelin-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor and smooth-muscle mitogen. In a preliminary study, the orally administered dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan improved exercise capacity and cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The present trial investigated the effect of bosentan on exercise capacity in a larger number of patients and compared two doses.
METABOLISM OF INTRAVENOUS FRUCTOSE AND GLUCOSE IN NORMAL AND DIABETIC SUBJECTS 12
Authors: Max Miller, William R. Drucker, J. E. Owens, James W. Craig, Hiram Woodward
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1952)

Although fructose metabolism has been stud- ied extensively in various animal species, no care- ful investigation has been made of the utilization and metabolic effects of intravenously administered fructose in humans with diabetes mellitus.It has long been recognized, from animal studies that the metabolism of fructose differed significantly from that of glucose, despite the close similarity in chem- ical structure.This led to a trial of its utilization orally in patients with diabetes (1, 2).At first the fructose seemed to be well-utilized, but glycosuria increased gradually until the fructose bal- ance became similar to that obtained with com- parable amounts of glucose.In 1946 Root, Stotz and Carpenter (3) found that 50 gm. of fructose given orally to diabetic subjects produced greater rises in RQ, blood pyruvate and lactate than the same amount of glucose.Root concluded, that "the intermediary metabolism of fructose is, with diabetic patients, as with normal subjects, different from that of glucose."Oral administration, how- ever, cannot be expected to demonstrate quantitatively the effects of fructose, since both intestinal mucosa and liver would convert at least a portion to glucose (4, 5) as a consequence of the presence of both hexose isomerase and phosphatase.In the one mild diabetic patient in the series of Weichsel- baum, Elman and Lund (6) where the tolerance to intravenous fructose was studied, the blood levels and urinary excretion of fructose seemed to be in the same range as those found in non-diabetic subjects.Bueding, Wortis and Fein (7) showed that in the diabetic subject, in the absence of insulin, the administration of glucose orally was not accom-
Downregulation of Kv7.4 Channel Activity in Primary and Secondary Hypertension
Authors: Thomas A. Jepps, Preet S. Chadha, Alison J. Davis, Maksym I. Harhun, Gillian W. Cockerill, Søren P. Olesen, Rie S. Hansen, Iain A. Greenwood
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Voltage-gated potassium (K(+)) channels encoded by KCNQ genes (Kv7 channels) have been identified in various rodent and human blood vessels as key regulators of vascular tone; however, nothing is known about the functional impact of these channels in vascular disease. We ascertained the effect of 3 structurally different activators of Kv7.2 through Kv7.5 channels (BMS-204352, S-1, and retigabine) on blood vessels from normotensive and hypertensive animals.Precontracted thoracic aorta and mesenteric artery segments from normotensive rats were relaxed by all 3 Kv7 activators, with potencies of BMS-204352=S-1>retigabine. We also tested these agents in the coronary circulation using the Langendorff heart preparation. BMS-204352 and S-1 dose dependently increased coronary perfusion at concentrations between 0.1 and 10 μmol/L, whereas retigabine was effective at 1 to 10 μmol/L. In addition, S-1 increased K(+) currents in isolated mesenteric artery myocytes. The ability of these agents to relax precontracted vessels, increase coronary flow, or augment K(+) currents was impaired considerably in tissues isolated from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Of the 5 KCNQ genes, only the expression of KCNQ4 was reduced (≈3.7 fold) in SHRs aorta. Kv7.4 protein levels were ≈50% lower in aortas and mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with normotensive vessels. A similar attenuated response to S-1 and decreased Kv7.4 were observed in mesenteric arteries from mice made hypertensive by angiotensin II infusion compared with normotensive controls.In 2 different rat and mouse models of hypertension, the functional impact of Kv7 channels was dramatically downregulated.
Excretion and tissue disposition of dichloroacetonitrile in rats and mice.
Authors: M R Roby, S Carle, M A Pereira, D E Carter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The excretion and tissue distribution of [1-14C]dichloroacetonitrile and [2-14C]dichloroacetonitrile were studied in male Fischer 344 rats and male B6C3F1 mice. Three dose levels of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) (0.2, 2, or 15 mg/kg) were administered to rats and two dose levels of DCAN (2 or 15 mg/kg) to mice. Daily excreta including exhaled volatiles and radiolabeled carbon dioxide (14CO2) were analyzed for radiolabeled carbon (14C) until greater than 70% of the radioactivity was excreted. At that time the animals were sacrificed and tissues were collected. Tissues and excreta were analyzed for 14C by combustion and liquid scintillation counting. Rats administered [1-14C]DCAN excreted 62 to 73% of the 14C in 6 days, with 42 to 45% in urine, 14 to 20% in feces, and 3 to 8% as CO2. Rats administered [2-14C]DCAN excreted 82 to 86% of the 14C in 48 hr, with 35 to 40% in urine, 33 to 34% as CO2, and 10 to 13% in feces. Mice administered [1-14C]DCAN excreted 83 to 85% of the 14C in 24 hr, with 64 to 70% in urine, 9 to 13% in feces, and 5 to 6% as CO2. Mice administered [2-14C]DCAN excreted 84 to 88% of the 14C in 24 hr with 42 to 43% in urine, 8 to 11% in feces, and 31 to 37% as CO2. Liver tissues retained the most 14C in all studies except the study of [1-14C]DCAN in rats, where blood contained the most 14C. These results indicate that DCAN was absorbed rapidly after oral administration in water. The differences in the route of excretion of [1-14C]DCAN compared to [2-14C]DCAN indicated that the molecule was being cleaved in the body and metabolized by different mechanisms.
Dynamic Changes in Left Ventricular Free Wall Thickness in the Human Heart
Authors: LESLIE M. EBER, HARVEY M. GREENBERG, JOHN M. COOKE, RICHARD GORLIN
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Sufficient delineation of differences in density is often not achieved by standard x-ray cinematographic technic. As a result, when cineventriculography is used to study the shape and motion of the left ventricle, its free wall is often defined imprecisely, if at all. This problem has been overcome by utilization of a special color-coded, triple-emulsion cine film in place of the usual black and white film. The resulting photographic images permitted analysis of wall dynamics and measurement of wall thickness in different planes of the heart. Thickening of the normal wall during systole averaged between 70 and 106%, but with inconsistent nonuniform regional changes within this range. In the diseased left ventricle with localized areas of paradoxical expansion, markedly reduced if any thickening of the wall occurred during systole.
Neurobiology of Violence
Authors: Joe Yamamoto
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Neurobiology of Violenceis a thoughtful, well-written, and user-friendly discussion of  factors contributing to violent behavior. Physicians in clinical practice, especially in  major cities of  United States, have become increasingly concerned about  level of violence prevalent in urban centers. This is a book with some answers about  etiology of violence.  The author's wisdom is evident in his opening to chapter 1: Everybody knows intuitively what violence is. Unfortunately, intuitions differ. He thoughtfully reviews  literature and how various authors have done their studies and continues with his perception of the consensus opinion of scientists working in a given field. He then gives his own opinion, adding to our knowledge.  At  beginning of  book are definitions, which are important to worthwhile research. How violence has been reported, for example, as a part of population surveys, arrest reports, and so on is discussed, with
Targeting waiting times in priority clinical areas produces uneven results
Authors: Barbara Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Attempts by the Canadian government to reduce waiting times by investing an additional $4.5bn (£2.3bn; €3.0bn; $US4.4bn) in priority areas have achieved uneven results. This is the finding from national data from physicians in all medical disciplines across Canada.

The 2007 national physician survey is Canada’s largest census survey of physicians (sent to all licensed physicians in Canada), and physicians in training. Conducted jointly by the College of Family Physicians of Canada, the Canadian Medical Association, and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the 2007 survey confirms that timely access to health care remains a serious challenge for Canadians.

In 2004, Canada’s federal, provincial and territorial …