tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Steroid treatment can improve the impaired quality of life of patients with acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis
Authors: A. Fukunaga, M. Hatakeyama, M. Tsujimoto, Y. Oda, K. Washio, C. Nishigori
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Steroid treatment can improve the impaired quality of life of patients with acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis Get access A. Fukunaga, A. Fukunaga Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Hatakeyama, M. Hatakeyama Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Tsujimoto, M. Tsujimoto Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Oda, Y. Oda Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Washio, K. Washio Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Nishigori C. Nishigori Division of Dermatology Department of Internal Related Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7‐5‐1 Kusunoki‐cho Chuo‐ku, Kobe 650‐0017 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 2, 1 February 2015, Pages 537–538, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13285 Published: 01 February 2015
Managing health problems in people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: H. M J van Schrojenstein Lantman-de Valk, P. N. Walsh
Journal: BMJ (2008)

#### Summary points

People with intellectual disabilities have a higher prevalence of health problems than the general public, and their health needs are often unrecognised and unmet.1 People with intellectual and other disabilities are also more likely to develop secondary health conditions.w1 Improving the health of people with disabilities during their lives is a specific aim of the Healthy People 2010 initiative in the United States,2 the Valuing People initiative in the United Kingdom,w2 and the Pomona project (www.pomonaproject.org),3 a public health initiative funded by the European Union to develop and test a set of health indicators for people with disabilities.

A recent randomised controlled trial on annual health screening in people with intellectual disabilities found an improvement in health in the intervention group.4 Nevertheless, epidemiological research on the health of people with intellectual disabilities is limited. We present here an up-to-date overview for medical generalists.

Epidemiological research shows a prevalence of intellectual disability of about 0.7% (a figure mostly derived from service registrations—funding bodies or service providers).5 w3

In a recent conceptual review, Mont challenges the usefulness of a single summary indicator to capture disability,6 which is not a health condition borne by an individual. Rather, disability is, he says, “complex and multifaceted, with …
Abstract P6-07-30: The clinical significance of pathologic complete response using different definitions after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2 positive breast cancer patients according to hormonal receptor status.
Authors: M Tanioka, K Hirokaga, A Kitao, K Matsumoto, S Yoshida, M Miki, Y Maekawa, S Takao, S Negoro
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: For patients (pts) with HER2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer, the achievement of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is regarded as a surrogate endpoint of prognosis, however, the exact definition of pCR and its prognostic impact on survival in HER2+ breast cancer subtypes when stratified by hormonal receptor (HR) status is uncertain. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 163 HER2+ pts who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Hyogo Cancer Center between 2003 and 2010. HR+ was defined as estrogen or progesterone receptor positive. pCR at surgery was defined as no evidence of invasive and noninvasive residual in the breast or axillary nodes (ypT0 ypN0), no evidence of invasive residual in the breast or axillary nodes; noninvasive breast residuals allowed (ypT0/is ypN0), or no evidence of invasive residual in the breast; noninvasive breast residuals and infiltrated lymph nodes allowed (ypT0/is ypN0/+). Logistic regression analysis and logrank test were performed to identify HR status as a predictor of pCR and its prognostic significance on recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: The median age at diagnosis was 55 years (range, 25–84) and the median follow-up period was 61 months (range, 15–104). Stage I, IIA, IIB, III were 4, 57, 56, 46 pts, HER2+HR+ and HER2+HR- were 89 and 74 pts, respectively. The rates of pts receiving anthracycline, taxane and trastuzumab were 66, 82 and 51%, respectively. After surgery, 98% of HER2+HR+ pts received hormonal therapy. Five-year RFS rates were significantly higher in HER2+HR- pts with pCR compared to non-pCR, however, which were similar in HER2+HR+ pts with pCR compared to non-pCR regardless of the pCR definitions. In logistic regression analysis, significantly fewer HER2+HR+ pts achieved pCR compared to HER2+HR- pts regardless of the pCR definitions. Conclusions: HER2+HR+ breast cancer pts had lower achievement rate of pCR, which was less prognostic compared to that in HER2+HR- pts regardless of pCR definitions. pCR is a suitable surrogate end point for HER2+HR- pts but not for HER2+HR+ pts in clinical trial settings. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-30.
Immunity to Poliomyelitis
Authors: G. Dick
Journal: BMJ (1963)

satisfactory as routine hypnotics for the elderly, because they are not liked by the patients."A much more appropriate conclusion from the work of Exton- Smith el al. is that one particular bar- biturate, amylobarbitone, in the single dose examined, did not perform well in their hands.To generalize from this to all barbiturates, all doses, and all patients seems unwarranted.It was, on the other hand, most grati- fying to find Dr. Parsons's data agreeing so well with my previously reported data.Like him, I found minimal differences between quinalbarbitone and pheno- barbitone at doses of 100 mg., but sub- stantial differences between these two drugs when the dose of each was doubled.It is thus clear that, as Gertrude Stein might have said, " a bar- biturate is not a barbiturate is not a barbiturate."-Iam, etc.,
Higher Cortical Functions in Man
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This first-rate translation of the second edition of Luria's book is a summary of his contributions in neuropsychology over more than four decades, work done mostly at the Burdenko Institute in Moscow. Luria was head of the department of neuropsychology at Moscow University from 1945 until his death in August 1977, at the age of 75 years. A physician, he was preeminent in the discipline of neuropsychology. The first edition of his book in English appeared in 1960. It was acclaimed as unique, even monumental. In it, Luria was concerned mainly with disturbed functions of the left cerebral hemisphere, particularly with aphasia, agnosia, and apraxia, and he gave a detailed analysis of frontal lobe abnormalities. The second edition has been extensively revised, particularly with regard to function of the frontal lobes. Included are Luria's up-to-date findings on intellectual functioning, memory, speech and writing, and voluntary movement. The higher mental functions
Hydrophobia Rabies and Dr. Dulles.
Authors: C. W. Dulles
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Philadelphia, Dec. 17, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journalof Dec. 7, 1901, I note the following item: "<i>Rabics</i>.—Salmon's paper is a discussion and convincing analysis of the statistics, combating the statements of Dulles and others who argue that hydrophobia does not exist." Although I might despair of correcting the misapprehensions of persons who could attribute to me such an absurdity after reading any of my papers on the subject of rabies or hydrophobia, I will state, for the information of those who have not seen any of these papers and who might be excused for misunderstanding me, that I have never denied the existence of hydrophobia. I have repeatedly asserted in public and in print the position I have for years held, namely that the word "hydrophobia" should, for the present, be used as we use the word "convulsions," to describe a condition but without prejudice as
Is breast cancer associated with tobacco smoking?
Authors: P. Boffetta, P. Autier
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Probably, especially when smoking starts early in life 

In many countries, because of changes in smoking habits in the past decades, the burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality is shifting from men to women.1 The addition of breast cancer to the list of diseases causally related to active or secondhand tobacco smoking would probably be a powerful argument for women to stop smoking or avoid taking it up. Although the effect on tobacco control would be welcome, the strength of the evidence of the association must be carefully assessed⇓.



The linked study by Luo and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.d1016), which is based on the observational arm of the Women’s Health Initiative Study,2 adds clarity to whether active tobacco smoking and secondhand exposure to tobacco smoke cause breast cancer. The study found that active smoking and extensive passive smoking were associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The results support the conclusions of two recent expert panels that the breast should be added to the list of target organs of tobacco carcinogenicity.3 4 However, other panel reviews were more …
Altered calcitonin gene in a young patient with osteoporosis.
Authors: M. Alevizaki, J. C. Stevenson, S. I. Girgis, I. MacIntyre, S. Legon
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To assess whether calcitonin is important in maintaining the integrity of bone the calcitonin gene of a young male patient with osteoporosis and no detectable plasma concentrations of calcitonin was studied. Genomic Southern blots with various restriction enzymes showed no large abnormalities in his calcitonin gene. Genomic clones representing his calcitonin gene were then analysed. His gene encoded normal precursor polypeptides for calcitonin and calcitonin gene related peptide; the only abnormality identified was a single base insertion in the intron separating exons IV and V of the gene. The affected sequence is homologous with an intron sequence from beta globin that is implicated in splicing and forming a crucial intermediate structure during the maturation of messenger RNA. The change observed may be responsible for the patient9s calcitonin deficiency and consequently for his condition, suggesting that calcitonin is important in preventing bone loss.
Racial Analysis of Patients With Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Heart Failure and/or Left Ventricular Dysfunction Treated With Valsartan, Captopril, or Both
Authors: L. Michael Prisant, Kevin L. Thomas, Eldrin F. Lewis, Zhen Huang, Gary S. Francis, W. Douglas Weaver, Marc A. Pfeffer, John J.V. McMurray, Robert M. Califf, Eric J. Velazquez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Bacterial infectious disease control by vaccine development
Authors: Roy Curtiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

There is a need to develop vaccines with the potential for global use against bacterial infectious diseases. These should be inexpensive to produce, stable in the absence of refrigeration, safe and efficacious, and able to be given orally or intranasally rather than by injection. Here, I will focus on efforts to develop live attenuated bacterial vaccines and the use of recombinant attenuated bacteria to induce protective immunity against heterologous bacterial pathogens. I will not discuss bacterial vaccine vectors expressing viral, parasite, or fungal antigens, since lack of posttranslational modification and improper folding generally lead to induction of immune responses that are not protective, although induction of cell-mediated immunity can often be protective. Also omitted will be a discussion of the use of attenuated bacterial vaccine vectors for the delivery of DNA vaccines, wherein problems of processing of viral, parasite, and fungal antigens in bacteria are rectified by the synthesis and modification of these antigens within the eukaryotic cell. Lastly, although I acknowledge their value, especially in the developed world, I will not dwell on progress in the development of subunit and conjugate vaccines. Studies of such vaccines, however, often provide valuable information on identification and characterization of protective antigens that can be expressed in live recombinant attenuated bacterial vaccines of the kind I consider below.
Ovulation side and occurrence of mittelschmerz in spontaneous and induced ovarian cycles.
Authors: A O Marinho, H N Sallam, L Goessens, W P Collins, S Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1982)

is nephrotoxic when included in analgesic mixtures or given to patients with pre-existing analgesic nephropathy.Nevertheless, they give reassuring evidence that aspirin used as sole treatment for rheu- matoid arthritis over many years in standard therapeutic dosage carries little or no risk of renal damage.
George H. Kojac, MD
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Aspects of Safety in The Air
Authors: Jan H. Tillisch
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This responsibility for medical safety is twofold. One is to insure that operators of aircraft have no condition that will interfere with operating an aircraft or will suddenly and unexpectedly incapacitate the person. The second is the selection of ill persons who may be transported by air without harmful effects. The general physical standards for pilots, and specifically the standards of the Federal Aviation Agency, are valuable aids in determining the medical safety of an individual's operating an aircraft.
A healthy profit
Authors: L Bromley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

This Public Eye special was intended to review the state of the NHS after three years of the reforms and to examine whether it was sliding into privatisation. Introduced by Donald MacCormick, the programme opened with an interview with Roy Lilley, chairman of Homewood NHS Trust, as he drove his Rolls Royce around a recently closed hospital; during it he described his vision of a completely independent health care industry with NHS trusts floated on the stock exchange. (I was born and brought up with a national health service and have worked abroad in two independent systems, and this thought makes my blood run cold.) The first half hour of the programme consisted of a report by the BBC's chief social services correspondent, Nial Dickerson, on the increasing blurring of the edges between the …
Assessment of Neural Inspiratory Time in Ventilator-supported Patients
Authors: SAIRAM PARTHASARATHY, AMAL JUBRAN, MARTIN J. TOBIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Neural inspiratory time (Ti) is a measurement of fundamental importance in studies of patient–ventilator interaction. The measurement is usually based on recordings of flow, esophageal pressure (Pes), and transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi), but the concordance of such estimates of neural Ti with a more direct measurement of neural activity has not been systematically evaluated. To address this issue, we studied nine ventilator-supported patients in whom we employed esophageal electrode recordings of the diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMG) as the reference measurement of neural Ti. Comparison of the indirect estimates of neural Ti duration, based on flow, Pes, and Pdi against the reference measurement, revealed a mean difference (bias) ranging from − 54 to 612 ms during spontaneous breathing and from − 52 to 714 ms during mechanical ventilation; the respective precisions (standard deviations of the differences) ranged from 79 to 175 ms and from 74 to 221 ms. Because an indirect estimate of neural Ti duration could be identical to that of the reference measurement and yet be displaced in time, this lag or lead was quantified as the phase angle of neural Ti onset. Flow-based estimates of the onset of neural Ti displayed a systematic lag, which may be explained at least in part by concurrent intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. In conclusion, the indirect estimates of the onset and duration of neural Ti in ventilator-dependent patients displayed poor agreement with the diaphragmatic EMG measurement of neural Ti.
The David Lloyd Roberts Lecture on Criminal Law and Insanity
Authors: L. Hewart
Journal: BMJ (1927)

the Society, was in tlle chair, and there was a very large attendanice.Lord Hewart began by remarking that the medical and legal professions seemed to have so muclh in common, anid to be devoted in so unusual a degree to the public welfare,- that any real misunder-standing between them upon matter of public importance would be muelh to be deplored.Yet from time to time there were-indications of a lack of coimplete harnony in the views with which the two professions respectively regarded, or tended to regard, the attitude of the crimi-nal law towards insanity.The triue description of the subject-matter-of that differenice, or app-arent difference, was of no small importance.The subject-matter was not insanity, ..but: the attitude-of the criminal law towards-insanity.was natural enough that the two professions should regard inisaniity from some- whiat different poilts of view.That circumstance far freom being matter for regret-, was matter for' satisfaction.Wlhat was to be roe-gretted was a diffes enee of view upon the actual and the proper-attitud6 of the criminal law towards insanity.
A Practicum for the Use of Lithium Salts in Affective Psychoses
Authors: Bernard S. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1968)

More than 19 years of clinical experience have shown that lithium salts are effective therapy for acute manic attacks and more recent evidence suggests that it can prevent recurrent psychotic depressive or manic episodes. Unwarranted emphasis has been placed on its toxicity, since several fatalities occurred during the unsupervised use of the drug as a substitute for table salt. Knowledge of lithium's pharmacology and close attention to dosage and blood level allow this agent to be used safely. This report provides comprehensive information on its use.
FragAnchor: A Large-Scale Predictor of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors in Eukaryote Protein Sequences by Qualitative Scoring
Authors: Guylaine Poisson, Cedric Chauve, Xin Chen, Anne Bergeron
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2007)

Abstract A glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is a common but complex C-terminal post-translational modification of extracellular proteins in eukaryotes. Here we investigate the problem of correctly annotating GPI-anchored proteins for the growing number of sequences in public databases. We developed a computational system, called FragAnchor, based on the tandem use of a neural network (NN) and a hidden Markov model (HMM). Firstly, NN selects potential GPI-anchored proteins in a dataset, then HMM parses these potential GPI signals and refines the prediction by qualitative scoring. FragAnchor correctly predicted 91% of all the GPI-anchored proteins annotated in the Swiss-Prot database. In a large-scale analysis of 29 eukaryote proteomes, FragAnchor predicted that the percentage of highly probable GPI-anchored proteins is between 0.21% and 2.01%. The distinctive feature of FragAnchor, compared with other systems, is that it targets only the C-terminus of a protein, making it less sensitive to the background noise found in databases and possible incomplete protein sequences. Moreover, FragAnchor can be used to predict GPI-anchored proteins in all eukaryotes. Finally, by using qualitative scoring, the predictions combine both sensitivity and information content. The predictor is publicly available at http://navet.ics.hawaii.edu/~fraganchor/NNHMM/NNHMM.html.
Learning about alcoholism: a 'must' for physicians
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

"Our Brothers' Keeper," a film emphasizing that physicians themselves are not immune to problems posed by alcohol, has appeared widely on public television in recent months and will be shown at the Congress on Medical Education in Chicago in April. Four other dramatic films will also be released during 1981 to teach physicians clinical skills in relation to alcoholism. These are among materials being developed through Project Cork, a program funded by Operation Cork of the Kroc Foundation that began at Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, in 1977. The program now has spread to the medical schools of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland; the University of Colorado, Denver; Morehouse College, Atlanta; Rush University, Chicago; and the University of Washington, Seattle. At Dartmouth, Project Cork coordinators say the emphasis is on "integrating the subject of alcohol into existing courses at the medical school, because alcoholics and alcoholism [have an impact on]
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY SUPPURATION IN CHILDREN
Authors: EVARTS A. GRAHAM
Journal: JAMA (1926)

There is no particular treatment of pulmonary suppuration that will be equally satisfactory in all cases. It is unwise at present to attempt to standardize the treatment of these conditions. On the contrary, each case must be judged by itself, and the best results will be obtained if such cases are studied by a team consisting of a medical man experienced in this kind of work, a surgeon with equal experience, and a skilled bronchoscopist. The method of treatment selected for a case of acute pulmonary abscess will depend largely on its location. There are, roughly, three main types of acute suppuration: those cases in which the lesion is chiefly about the hilum; those in which it is at the periphery of the lung, and, finally, the cases of multiple abscess. Any of these conditions may become chronic and may be associated with bronchiectasis. In children the frequency of the