tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
2000 Gairdner Foundation International Awards
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STUDIES ON HYPOALBUMINEMIA PRODUCED BY PROTEIN-DEFICIENT DIETS
Authors: Robert Elman, Harriet Wolf Davey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1943)

1. It proved possible to correct dietary hypoalbuminemia in dogs by large plasma transfusions (about 50 cc. per kilo per day). After 1 week of injections the increase of plasma protein exceeded the normal level although but 10 to 13 per cent of the injected protein remained in the blood. There was an associated increase in plasma volume and a marked diuresis. During the following 2 weeks the plasma volume and protein returned to their previous low levels. 2. The nitrogen introduced was retained and produced no change in urinary excretion during the week of plasma injections, but in the following 2 weeks there was an increased nitrogen output. The inference would seem to be that the large amounts of plasma injected in these experiments were not permanently utilized by the body as nitrogenous nourishment but after some delay were largely excreted in the urine.
Subendocardial Haemorrhage and E.C.G. Changes in Intracranial Bleeding
Authors: P. Koskelo, S. Punsar, W. Sipila
Journal: BMJ (1964)

E.C.G. changes in connexion with intracranial (especially subarachnoidal) bleeding resembling those in myocardial infarction were first described by Burch et al. in 1954.The most typical change is a deep and broad T-U fusion wave in several leads.The explanation of the changes observed remains obscure (Effert et al., 1961).The purpose of this paper is to discuss the genesis of these E.C.G. changes on the basis of three cases in which both the typical E.C.G. changes and subendocardial haemorrhages were found. Case Reports Case 1A 54-year-old housewife who had previously been in good health was admitted on 29 November 1959.For the last three years she had gone swimming in winter-time in a hole cut in the ice-a type of winter sport not uncommon in Finland.After one such swim she suddenly collapsed and was brought to the hospital.Examination on admission showed a well-nourished woman with severe pulmonary oedema.The heart sounds were distant and there were no murmurs.Blood-pressure was 185/105 mm.Hg.Consciousness was clear and there were no signs of pareses.The E.C.G. on admission showed slightly negative T-waves in leads I, II, and V4 through V6.A myocardial infarction was suspected.She recovered quickly from the pulmonary oedema and felt better, except for increasing headache.On the following morning a slight stiffness of the neck was noticed and a lumbar puncture revealed bloody spinal fluid.A subarachnoidal haemorrhage was diagnosed.An E.C.G. now showed deep and wide negative T-U fusion waves in all leads except lead III, aVR, and V1, in which the fusion wave was positive (see Fig.).S.G.O.T. was normal on two successive days.During the days that followed the headache gradually diminished, the blood content of the spinal fluid decreased, and the E.C.G. changes became less severe.On the eighth day in hospital she had a second intracranial haemorrhage and died two days later.Necropsy revealed a ruptured aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery at the junction of the posterior communicating and middle cerebral arteries.The left temporal lobe showed some oedema and a few petechiae.The heart weighed 375 g.
Radionuclide Imaging in Intrascrotal Lesions
Authors: Nand S. Datta
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Twenty-three patients with a variety of intrascrotal lesions were studied by means of imaging after the intravenous injection of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m. The features of the radionuclide image correlated well with the clinical course or findings at surgical exploration or both. The conditions in which this technique was helpful in diagnosis included testicular torsion, acute inflammatory lesions, abscess, and hematoma. (<i>JAMA</i>231:1060-1062, 1975)
Carcinoma of the Female Breast: Conservative and Radical Surgery
Authors: I. G. Williams, R. S. Murley, M. P. Curwen
Journal: BMJ (1953)

I have drawn the impression that in dealing with mammary cancer surgery meets with more peculiar difficulties and uncertainties than with almost any other form of the disease.The anatomical types are so numerous, the variations in clinical course so wide, the paths of dissemination so free and diverse, the difficulties of determining the actual conditions so complex, and the sacrifice of tissue so great, as to render impossible in a majority of cases a reasonably accurate adjustment of means to an end" (James Ewing, 1928).
Book Review Double Standards in Medical Research in Developing Countries (Cambridge Law, Medicine and Ethics.) By Ruth Macklin. 280 pp. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2004. $90 (cloth); $39.99 (paper). 0-521-83388-4 (cloth); 0-521-54170-0 (paper).
Authors: Marc Lallemant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)
Brain and Osler: collaboration in 1919
Authors: M. C Brain
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In 1919 Sir William Osier contributed a chapter on Medicine and nursing to a book entitled Essays on Vocation.1 A footnote on the first page states: This chapter reproduces material scattered through the author's books Aequanimitas and Counsel and Ideals Lord Brain had told me that when a student at Oxford he had helped in preparing Osier's chapter. Among Lord Brain's papers, now in the library of the Royal College of Physicians of London, is a reprint of this chapter with the signature of Stella Langdon-Down, his then fianc?e, on the cover. Letters to his future father in law, written in 1919, provide some clues as to how the opportunity to help Osier?a somewhat unlikely task for a medical student of a few weeks to undertake?may have come about. The reprint of the chapter in the Osier Library in Montreal, accessioned by the library in 1934, has an undated note on the title page in the handwriting of W (Willie) W Francis, Osier's first cousin once removed, later to be the first Osier librarian at McGill University, stating that the selections were compiled by W R Brain (F Wallis, personal communication). Brain's assistance is also recorded in the Classified and annotated bibliography of Sir William Osier's publications edited by Maude E Abbot, which also states that he was of New College, Oxford. The source of this additional information, which would have been correct only in 1919, is unclear.2
EFFECT OF CHELATION THERAPY ON CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS BY CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE: DATA FROM THE TRIAL TO ASSESS CHELATION THERAPY (TACT)
Authors: Pamela Ouyang, Gervasio Lamas, Richard Nahin, Dianne Gallup, Robin Boineau, Yves Rosenberg, Daniel Mark, Christine Goertz, Kerry Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Analytical, ultrastructural, autoradiographic and biochemical studies on [3H]dicarboxylic acid added to cultures of melanoma cells
Authors: B. J. WARD, A. S. BREATHNACH, E. J. ROBINS, Y. BHASIN, L. ETHRIDGE, S. PASSI, M. NAZZARO-PORRO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Lentigo maligna and malignant melanoma can be treated by dicarboxylic acids (C9 and C12, which are competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase. We therefore studied the intracellular location and possible sites of action of dodecanedioic acid (C12) in murine melanoma cells, using EM autoradiography and biochemical analysis of lipid extracts by HPLC. Significant levels of radioactivity were found in the mitochondria and in the nuclei but not in association with membranes of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi‐associated endoplasmic reticulum, or Golgi apparatus, and not in coated vesicles or melanosomes. Biochemical analysis revealed that the diacid underwent β‐oxidation, which occurs only in mitochondria. The results suggest that the toxicity of dicarboxylic acids in melanoma cells is not related to anti‐tyrosinase activity but may be due to interference with oxidoreductase enzymes in the mitochondria and possibly to inhibition of DNA synthesis in the nucleus.
ACE inhibition attenuates sympathetic coronary vasoconstriction in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: R Perondi, A Saino, R A Tio, G Pomidossi, L Gregorini, P Alessio, A Morganti, A Zanchetti, G Mancia
Journal: Circulation (1992)

In humans, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition attenuates the vasoconstriction induced by sympathetic stimulation in a number of peripheral districts. Whether this is also the case in the coronary circulation is unknown, however.In nine normotensive patients with angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosis, we measured the changes in mean arterial pressure (intra-arterial catheter), heart rate, rate-pressure product (RPP), coronary sinus blood flow (CBF, thermodilution method), and coronary vascular resistance (CVR, ratio between mean arterial pressure and CBF) induced by the cold pressor test (CPT, 2 minutes) and diving (30 seconds), i.e., two stimuli eliciting a sympathetic coronary vasoconstriction. The measurements were performed in the control condition and 30 minutes after captopril 25 mg p.o. In the control condition, CPT caused an increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Despite the increase in RPP (+20.7 +/- 3.2%, p less than 0.01), CBF did not change and CVR increased (+12.2 +/- 4.0%, p less than 0.05). diving caused an increase in mean arterial pressure and a reduction in heart rate. RPP increased (+14.3 +/- 3.5%, p less than 0.01), but despite this increase, there was a reduction in CBF and a marked increase in CVR (+37.3 +/- 7.4%, p less than 0.01). Captopril did not modify the blood pressure and heart rate responses to both stimuli except for a slight accentuation of the bradycardia to diving. Despite the unchanged or only slightly reduced RPP response, the increase in CVR was markedly and significantly attenuated (p less than 0.01).ACE inhibition attenuates sympathetic coronary vasoconstriction in patients with coronary artery disease. This is probably due to removal of the facilitating influence of angiotensin II on sympathetic modulation of coronary vasomotor tone.
Prone Position Increases Collapsibility of the Passive Pharynx in Infants and Small Children
Authors: Teruhiko Ishikawa, Shiroh Isono, Junko Aiba, Atsuko Tanaka, Takashi Nishino
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

On the basis of two observations that avoiding prone sleeping decreased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome and that obstructive sleep apnea is closely linked with the syndrome, we hypothesized that the prone position may increase upper airway collapsibility in infants and small children. Passive pharyngeal collapsibility of 19 infants and small children (10-101 weeks old) was examined in three postures: supine with face straight up, supine with neck rotated, and prone with neck rotated. The collapsibility was evaluated with the maximal distension of the most collapsible region, pharyngeal stiffness, and pharyngeal closing pressure, estimated from static pressure-area relationship of the passive pharynx. No significant changes in pharyngeal stiffness were detected; however, maximal distension was reduced in the prone position (mean +/- SD, 0.56 +/- 0.26 versus 0.44 +/- 0.20 cm(2); supine with face straight up versus prone position, p < 0.05). Pharyngeal closing pressure increased at neck rotation in the supine position (-4.5 +/- 2.4 versus -2.8 +/- 2.3 cm H(2)O; supine with face straight up versus supine with neck rotated, p < 0.05), and a further increase was observed in the prone position (-0.3 +/- 2.9 cm H(2)O, p < 0.05 versus supine with neck rotation). Pharyngeal closing pressure in the prone position was above atmospheric pressure in half of our subjects, whereas all subjects had negative pharyngeal pressure in the supine position. We conclude that the prone position increases upper airway collapsibility, although the mechanism is yet unclear.
Risk Factors for Lack of Detectable Antibody Following Hepatitis B Vaccination of Minnesota Health Care Workers
Authors: Rachel C. Wood, Kristine L. MacDonald, Karen E. White, Craig W. Hedberg, Margaret Hanson, Michael T. Osterholm
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the presence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) at postvaccination testing in Minnesota health care workers receiving recombinant hepatitis B vaccines, and to identify risk factors for lacking anti-HBs following hepatitis B vaccination. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Ten acute care hospitals in Minnesota. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 595 health care workers who had received hepatitis B vaccine (Recombivax HB or Engerix-B) between June 1987 and December 1991 and who underwent postvaccination testing for anti-HBs within 6 months after receiving the third dose of vaccine. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Presence or absence of anti-HBs following hepatitis B vaccination. <h3>Results.</h3> —Five variables were independently associated with lacking anti-HBs by multivariate analysis: vaccine brand, smoking status, gender, age, and body mass index. Stratifying by vaccine brand demonstrated that age (<i>P</i>=.01), body mass index (<i>P</i>&lt;.01), and smoking status (<i>P</i>&lt;.01) were associated with lacking anti-HBs only for Recombivax HB recipients; and gender (<i>P</i>=.03) was associated with lacking anti-HBs only for Engerix-B recipients. After controlling for smoking status, age, gender, and body mass index, recipients of Recombivax HB were more likely to lack anti-HBs than recipients of Engerix-B (relative risk, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 4.7;<i>P</i>=.02). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Results indicate that certain populations of health care workers are at increased risk of not responding to hepatitis B vaccination. Further studies evaluating immunogenicity of currently available recombinant hepatitis B vaccines in persons at high risk for primary vaccine failure are needed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:2935-2939)
The use of MMP2 antibody-conjugated cationic microbubble to target the ischemic myocardium, enhance Timp3 gene transfection and improve cardiac function
Authors: Ping Yan, Ko-Jie Chen, Jun Wu, Lu Sun, Hsing-Wen Sung, Richard D. Weisel, Jun Xie, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Delaying the Diagnosis of Disease
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  Howard Spiros 1 COMMENTARY entitled Delayed Diagnosis of Disease, is, predictably, a muchneeded contribution to reasoned thinking. Apart from emergency conditions, there are relatively few situations where unusual speed (not to say haste) is justified if a patient is not suffering. Indeed, treatment of significant symptoms should only be delayed if it would interfere with subsequent diagnosis. Moreover, there are numerous situations where knowing the name of the disorder or its pathogenesis has little bearing on how it is handled. Indeed, physicians intuitively understand all this, since, except for our own proportion of anxious colleagues, we are notorious for showing up late in the game after first trying to self-medicate our symptoms. The main reason is that such attempts usually are successful. Why not extend the same grace to the patient, saving him inconvenience and expense, as long as we do not impair his prognosis? Naturally, in
Identification of antigenic epitopes on human allergens: studies with HLA transgenic mice.
Authors: Svetlana P Chapoval, Chella S David
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Environmental factors play an important role in the rise and manifestation of allergic conditions in genetically predisposed subjects. Increased exposure to indoor/outdoor allergens is a significant factor in the development of allergic sensitization and asthma. Recently, strong relationships between the immune response to several highly purified allergens and specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ and -DR haplotypes have been reported. The major antigens from clinically important allergens have been cloned and sequenced. However, whether innate structural features of major allergens or peculiar immune recognition of these molecules contribute to the overly robust immune responses is not known. We generated and used transgenic (tg) mice expressing single HLA class II transgene(s) to characterize the allergen epitopes presented by particular HLA class II molecules. Next, we generated in vivo models for asthma in the HLA tg mice by intranasal challenge with allergenic extracts. Furthermore, we used a single epitope to induce an allergic lung inflammation. Our system offers a sophisticated technique for systematically identifying the genetic (individual human class II) and antigenic (individual allergenic epitopes) basis of asthma sensitivity and has important implications for new treatment strategies.
The BCL11AXL transcription factor: its distribution in normal and malignant tissues and use as a marker for plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: K Pulford, A H Banham, L Lyne, M Jones, G C Ippolito, H Liu, P W Tucker, G Roncador, E Lucas, S Ashe, L Stockwin, R Walewska, L Karran, R D Gascoyne, D Y Mason, M J S Dyer
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Immunoglobulin D amyloidosis: a distinct entity
Authors: Morie A. Gertz, Francis K. Buadi, Suzanne R. Hayman, David Dingli, Angela Dispenzieri, Philip R. Greipp, Shaji K. Kumar, Martha Q. Lacy, John A. Lust, Nelson Leung, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Stephen J. Russell, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Joseph R. Mikhael, Vivek Roy, Robert A. Kyle
Journal: Blood (2011)
Influence of containers on the quantities of topical preparations used
Authors: C.D. Evans, J. Wightman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Influence of containers on the quantities of topical preparations used Get access C.D. Evans, C.D. Evans Dewsbury General Hospital, Moorlands Road, Dewsbury, W. Yorkshire WF13 2LE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Wightman J. Wightman Dewsbury General Hospital, Moorlands Road, Dewsbury, W. Yorkshire WF13 2LE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 6, 1 December 1986, Pages 743–744, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06661.x Published: 01 December 1986
Three cases of eccrine porocarcinoma
Authors: L. PUTTICK, P. INCE, J.S. COMAISH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

We report three cases of eccrine poroma, present for many years, in which features were seen suggesting transformation from a benign to a malignant tumour. These changes ranged from in situ Bowenoid dysplasia to frankly invasive squamous carcinoma. The most helpful diagnostic feature in distinguishing the origin of the tumours was the presence of strong cytoplasmic staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in cells surrounding, and giving rise to, neoplastic ducts and clefts. Dermatopathologists examining eccrine poromata should examine the lesions carefully for any evidence of malignant change.
Red-Cell Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase Activity in Porphyria Cutanea Tarda and in Other Forms of Porphyria
Authors: Bertram F. Felsher, Mary E. Norris, Joyce C. Shih
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

To test the diagnostic specificity of reduced red-cell uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity for porphyria cutanea tarda, we measured enzymic activity in 29 normal subjects and 65 patients with various forms of porphyria. Only patients with porphyria cutanea tarda had subnormal enzymic activity. Patients with acute intermittent porphyria, erythropoietic protoporphyria, variegate porphyria and hereditary coproporphyria had normal or slightly elevated activities. The enzymic activity in normal persons and patients with porphyria cutanea tarda did not differ according to sex. Reduction of iron stores did not alter the enzymic activity in porphyria cutanea tarda. We conclude that reduced red-cell uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity is a specific and intrinsic defect in porphyria cutanea tarda; measurement of this enzyme is a reliable diagnostic test for this disease. (N Engl J Med 299:1095–1098, 1978)
155 THDP-17 INHIBITS SELECTIVELY THE K-TYPE INTESTINAL GLUTAMINASE, BUT NOT THE TYPE-L IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: M.D.M. Díaz-Herrero, J.A. del Campo, P. Carbonero, M. Jover, J. Vega-Pèrez, F. Iglesias-Guerra, I. Periñán, R. Madonado, A. García Martinez, E. Tavares, F.J. Miñáno, J.D. Bautista, M. Romero Gómez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Tracking cccDNA in chronic HBV infection
Authors: Hans Christian Spangenberg, Robert Thimme, Hubert E. Blum, Hartmut Jaeschke, Kevin Mullen, Darius Moradpour
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Hepatitis B virus (hepadnavirus) infections are maintained by the presence of a small and regulated number of episomal viral genomes [covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA)] in the nuclei of infected cells. Although a number of studies have measured the mean copy number of cccDNA molecules in hepadnaviral-infected cells, the distribution of individual copy numbers have not been reported. Using a PCR-based assay, we examined the number of cccDNA molecules of the duck hepatitis B virus in single nuclei isolated from the liver of a chronically infected duck over the course of 131 days of infection. Nuclei were isolated from frozen serial biopsies and individually deposited into PCR microplates by flow sorting. Each nucleus was assayed by nested PCR for cccDNA and for cellular IFN-α genes as an internal control. We found that 90% of the nuclei assayed contained between 1 and 17 cccDNA molecules, with the remaining 10% containing more (90% confidence), and that differences in the mean number of copies and distribution of copy numbers occurred within the same animal at different times postinfection. Overall, the data suggest ( i ) that the number of cccDNA molecules per cell may fluctuate over time, and ( ii ) that, according to these fluctuations, a substantial fraction of cells may contain only one or a few copies. We infer from the results that infected hepatocytes express virus at different levels and that during cell division it is possible to segregate cells containing no cccDNA. (Copyright 2003, National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.)