tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Optimal Digoxin Concentrations for Patients With Heart Failure—Reply
Authors: Pierugo Carbonin, Giuseppe Zuccalà
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unnecessary Preoperative Tests: The Hospital's Role
Authors: Todd H. Goldberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 March 1991Unnecessary Preoperative Tests: The Hospital's RoleTodd H. Goldberg, MDTodd H. Goldberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-5-432_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Macpherson and colleagues (1) question why routine preoperative screening tests often seem to be ordered unnecessarily and suggest that the ordering physicians might not be familiar with the principles of screening or could be ordering extra tests for legal reasons. Their suggestion assumes that the tests are being ordered intentionally and voluntarily.In fact, I have recently found that another common reason for ordering preoperative tests of dubious necessity is inflexible hospital policy that does not give the individual clinician a choice to exercise selective judgment. In several recent instances when patients have presented for "preoperative medical...References1. MacphersonSnowLofgren DRR. Preoperative screening: value of previous tests. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:969-73. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SuchmanGriner AP. Diagnostic uses of the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:810-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia Geriatric Center 5301 Old York Road Philadelphia, PA 19141 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMedical assessment of bleeding in the surgical patient 1 March 1991Volume 114, Issue 5Page: 432-432KeywordsExercise Issue Published: 1 March 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
605 DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION DEFINED BY E/A RATIO &lt;1 ON 2-D ECHO IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION OR DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS
Authors: E.W. Holt, G. Woo, M. Trilesskaya, E.A. Haeusslein, R.E. Shaw, R.T. Frederick
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
IL-11 separates graft-versus-leukemia effects from graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Takanori Teshima, Geoffrey R. Hill, Luying Pan, Yani S. Brinson, Marcel R.M. van den Brink, Kenneth R. Cooke, James L.M. Ferrara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

We recently showed that IL-11 prevents lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a murine bone marrow transplantation (BMT) model of GVHD directed against MHC and minor antigens. In this study, we have investigated whether IL-11 can maintain a graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Lethally irradiated B6D2F1 mice were transplanted with either T cell–depleted (TCD) bone marrow (BM) alone or with BM and splenic T cells from allogeneic B6 donors. Animals also received host-type P815 mastocytoma cells at the time of BMT. Recipients were injected subcutaneously with recombinant human IL-11 or control diluent twice daily, from 2 days before BMT to 7 days after BMT. TCD recipients all died from leukemia by day 23. All control- and IL-11–treated allogeneic animals effectively rejected their leukemia, but IL-11 also reduced GVHD-related mortality. Examination of the cellular mechanisms of GVL and GVHD in this system showed that IL-11 selectively inhibited CD4-mediated GVHD, while retaining both CD4- and CD8-mediated GVL. In addition, IL-11 treatment did not affect cytolytic effector functions of T cells after BMT either in vivo or in vitro. Studies with perforin-deficient donor T cells demonstrated that the GVL effect was perforin dependent. These data demonstrated that IL-11 can significantly reduce CD4-dependent GVHD without impairing cytolytic function or subsequent GVL activity of CD8+ T cells. Brief treatment with IL-11 shortly after BMT may therefore represent a novel strategy for separating GVHD and GVL.
Itinerant Patient with Hematologic Abnormalities
Authors: ARTHUR S. BENDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1979Itinerant Patient with Hematologic AbnormalitiesARTHUR S. BENDER, M.D.ARTHUR S. BENDER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-3-444_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The patient with "Munchausen's syndrome" previously described in your journal (1, 2) in the August and November 1976 issues remains active. He was recently admitted to the Martha Jefferson Hospital in Charlottesville, Virginia, with symptoms of ureteral colic, claiming to be a safety engineer for Boeing Aircraft. During his brief hospitalization his attending urologist received a call from the "medical director" of Boeing Aircraft requesting that the patient be released from the hospital to investigate an airline crash. Subsequent evaluation revealed that the patient had never been employed by Boeing, and the patient later admitted that he...References1. ALLEGRA D, WOODWARD J, and CHANDLER J: Munchausen as physician and patient. Ann Intern Med 85:262-263, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. JUSTUS P and KITCHENS C: Secondary leukemia with Munchausen's filariasis Ann Intern Med 85:685, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ARTHUR S. BENDER, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLes maladies factices et le syndrome de MünchausenProbing the Dynamics of Münchausen's Syndrome Detailed Analysis of a CasePETER G. JUSTUS, M.D., SARAH S. KREUTZIGER, M.S.W., CRAIG S. KITCHENS, M.D. 1 March 1979Volume 90, Issue 3Page: 444-444KeywordsEngineersHospitalizationsSafety ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human Nutrition and Dietetics
Authors: Fred W. Whitehouse
Journal: JAMA (1967)

I enjoyed reading this third edition. Though some texts on nutrition may be more scholarly or less imposing in size, this book accomplishes what the authors wish it to do: "... to show that the business of feeding people now rests on a sound scientific basis, and that the study of human nutrition deserves recognition as a proper academic discipline." The divisions of the book are simple and logical. A section on food follows a competent, up-todate discussion of the physiology of nutrition. Herein the authors present difficult physiologic concepts succinctly and clearly while avoiding a condescending attitude. The discussions of carbohydrate and fat metabolism are nicely organized and sufficiently comprehensive. Interesting facts, hard to find in other texts, spring up frequently. Did you know, for instance, that mannose is named for manna, a sap from the ash tree and its relative, the tamarisk, the latter commonly found in the Sinai
New Mutations in the <i>KVLQT1</i> Potassium Channel That Cause Long-QT Syndrome
Authors: Hua Li, Qiuyun Chen, Arthur J. Moss, Jennifer Robinson, Veronica Goytia, James C. Perry, G. Michael Vincent, Silvia G. Priori, Michael H. Lehmann, Susan W. Denfield, Desmond Duff, Stephen Kaine, Wataru Shimizu, Peter J. Schwartz, Qing Wang, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia that causes sudden death in young, otherwise healthy people. Four genes for LQTS have been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5 ( LQT1 ), 7q35–36 ( LQT2 ), 3p21–24 ( LQT3 ), and 4q25–27 ( LQT4 ). Genes responsible for LQT1 , LQT2 , and LQT3 have been identified as cardiac potassium channel genes ( KVLQT1 , HERG ) and the cardiac sodium channel gene ( SCN5A ). Methods and Results —After studying 115 families with LQTS, we used single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequence analysis to identify mutations in the cardiac potassium channel gene, KVLQT1 . Affected members of seven LQTS families were found to have new, previously unidentified mutations, including two identical missense mutations, four identical splicing mutations, and one 3-bp deletion. An identical splicing mutation was identified in affected members of four unrelated families (one Italian, one Irish, and two American), leading to an alternatively spliced form of KVLQT1 . The 3-bp deletion arose de novo and occurs at an exon-intron boundary. This results in a single base deletion in the KVLQT1 cDNA sequence and alters splicing, leading to the truncation of KVLQT1 protein. Conclusions —We have identified LQTS-causing mutations of KVLQT1 in seven families. Five KVLQT1 mutations cause the truncation of KVLQT1 protein. These data further confirm that KVLQT1 mutations cause LQTS. The location and character of these mutations expand the types of mutation, confirm a mutational hot spot, and suggest that they act through a loss-of-function mechanism or a dominant-negative mechanism.
Prolonged and Continuous Regional Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Patients With Melanoma
Authors: Richard A. Oberfield
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The method of prolonged, regional, arterial infusion, cancer chemotherapy for advanced but regionally confined melanoma was tested. Of 33 patients receiving an adequate course of treatment, 29 were suitable for objective evaluation; of these, 17 (59%) had objective tumor responses varying from several months to six years. The results of this study have shown that regional arterial chemotherapy by prolonged infusion can produce objective responses with associated clinical benefit for a prolonged period in patients with malignant melanoma. Prolonged arterial infusion with antimetabolites takes advantage of recent kinetic data in regard to tumor-cell replication. Although this type of treatment has not been used as an adjuvant form of chemotherapy with surgery or x-irradiation, this should be investigated in view of the results.
Elegant studies of transplant-derived repair of cognitive performance
Authors: Stephen B. Dunnett, Eduardo M. Torres
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Cholinergic-rich grafts have been shown to be effective in restoring maze-learning deficits in rats with lesions of the forebrain cholinergic projection system. However, the relevance of those studies to developing novel therapies for Alzheimer's disease is questioned.
Association Between Asthma-related Emergency Department Visits, Asthma-related Hospital Admissions, And Airborne Pollen And Mold Concentrations In The Bronx, 2001-2008
Authors: S.P. Jariwala, J. Toh, A. Geevarghese, S. Reddy, D. Rosenstreich
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Residential Black Carbon Exposure and Circulating Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Elderly Males: The Normative Aging Study
Authors: Shona C. Fang, Amar J. Mehta, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Alexandros Gryparis, Brent Coull, Pantel Vokonas, David C. Christiani, Joel Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Traffic-related particles (TRPs) are associated with adverse cardiovascular events. The exact mechanisms are unclear, but systemic inflammatory responses likely play a role.We conducted a repeated measures study among male participants of the Normative Aging Study in the greater Boston, Massachusetts, area to determine whether individual-level residential black carbon (BC), a marker of TRPs, is associated with systemic inflammation and whether coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, and obesity modify associations.We quantified markers of inflammation in 1,163 serum samples from 580 men. Exposure to BC up to 4 weeks prior was predicted from a validated spatiotemporal land-use regression model. Linear mixed effects models estimated the effects of BC on each marker while adjusting for potential confounders.Associations between BC and blood markers were not observed in main effects models or when stratified by obesity status. However, BC was positively associated with markers of inflammation in men with CHD (particularly vascular endothelial growth factor) and in men with diabetes (particularly interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α). Significant exposure time windows varied by marker, although in general the strongest associations were observed with moving averages of 2-7 days after a lag of several days.In an elderly male population, estimated BC exposures were positively associated with markers of systemic inflammation but only in men with CHD or diabetes.
Interaction of ethanol with β-carotene: Delayed blood clearance and enhanced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Maria Anna Leo, Cho-Il Kim, Nancy Lowe, Charles S. Lieber
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

ABSTRPlCT Because we had found that ethanol interacts with retinol, we investigated whether it also affects its precursor, β–carotene. In 14 baboons fed ethanol (50% of total energy) for 2 to 5 yr with a standard amount of β–carotene (one 200–gm carrot/day), levels of β–carotene were much higher than in controls fed isocaloric carbohydrate, both in plasma (122.5 ± 30.9 nmol/dl vs. 6.3 ± 1.4 nmol/dl; p &lt; 0.005) and in liver (7.9 ± 1.1 nmol/gm vs. 1.8 ± 0.5 nmol/gm; p &lt; 0.001). Even 20 days after withdrawal of the carrots, plasma β–carotene levels remained higher in alcohol–fed baboons than in controls (10.1 ± 3.8 nmol/dl vs. &lt; 0.1 nmol/dl). Next, the diet was supplemented with β–carotene beadlets: in four pairs of baboons given a low dose of β–carotene (3 mg/1,000 kcal), plasma levels were significantly higher in alcohol–fed animals than in controls, even when expressed per cholesterol (although the latter increased with alcohol intake). Seven pairs of animals were given a higher dose (30 mg/1,000 kcal) of β–carotene for 1 mo, followed, in four pairs, by 45 mg for another month. On cessation of β–carotene treatment, plasma levels decreased more slowly in the alcohol–fed baboons than in the controls. Percutaneous liver biopsy specimens revealed that liver concentrations of β–carotene correlated with plasma levels but were higher in the alcohol–fed baboons than in the control baboons, whereas the β–carotene–induced increase in liver retinoids was lower (p &lt; 0.02). Furthermore, the ethanol–induced liver depletion of total retinoids (432 ± 103 nmol/gm vs. 1,711 ± 103 in controls; p &lt; 0.001) was not corrected (637 ± 149 vs. 2,404 ± 74; p &lt; 0.001), despite the massive supplementation with β–carotene. Moreover, in the animals fed alcohol with β–carotene, multiple ultrastructural lesions appeared, with autophagic vacuoles, abundant myelin figures, degenerated mitochondria and increased blood levels of the mitochondrial enzyme glutamic dehydrogenase. The histological changes were either absent or much less prominent in the baboons given β–carotene with the control diet or in animals fed the ethanol or control diets without β–carotene. Thus the combination of an increase in plasma and liver β–carotene after ethanol and a relative lack of a corresponding rise in retinol suggests interference with the conversion of β–carotene to vitamin A. Because of an associated exacerbation of the liver toxicity, we conclude that β–carotene must be administered cautiously in the presence of heavy alcohol consumption because the optimal human therapeutic dose remains to be defined. (Hepatology 1992;15:883-891).
CORONARY PLAQUE CHARACTERISTICS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS: A 3 VESSEL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Koji Kato, Taishi Yonetsu, Soo-Joong Kim, Lei Xing, Hang Lee, Iris McNulty, Robert Yeh, Rahul Sakhuja, Shaosong Zhang, Shiro Uemura, Bo Yu, Kyoichi Mizuno, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
PREVENTION OF RENAL COMPLICATIONS IN USE OF SULFONAMIDES
Authors: John H. Arnett
Journal: JAMA (1942)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Drs. Keitzer and Campbell report inThe Journalof June 27 having seen 11 patients with renal symptoms or anuria due to sulfadiazine alone, and as many patients with renal complications due to the other sulfonamides. Since April 1940, when the case of hematuria from sulfathiazole therapy occurred which I reported inThe Journalof Aug. 3, 1940, I have treated 67 cases with sulfathiazole and 75 cases with sulfadiazine, without experiencing any such complications. At that time I adopted a simple procedure which is as applicable to treating "a soldier in the jungles of Malaya or the deserts of northern Africa" as here at home. The only equipment required is a transparent container. In this the last urine passed is exhibited at all times in a prominent place near the patient. Every time the patient voids, the old sample is discarded and the new one substituted. The
Whooping cough vaccine on trial again.
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A test case which could pave the way for more than 200 children and young adults to sue over alleged side effects of whooping cough vaccine started in the High Court on 5 October. The action, on behalf of 17 year old Susan Loveday, has taken the place of an earlier test case (Kinnear v Wellcome and others), which collapsed in May 1986, when legal aid was withdrawn after the plaintiffs mother gave evidence which conflicted with the available medical records.1 Before the Kinnear case folded, at a cost of hundreds of thousands of pounds to the legal aid fund, the court heard five weeks of expert evidence from Dr Gordon Stewart, former professor of public health at the University of Glasgow, a leading cride of the government's mass whooping cough vaccination policy and a witness at a number of American trials over vaccine damage.2 This time round the case will have to be argued again from the beginning, though there are no plans to call Professor Stewart as a witness. The adoptive mother of Susan Loveday, who is severely mentally handicapped, alleges that Dr George Renton, now of Bradford upon Avon, Wiltshire, was negligent in giving Susan diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis triple vaccine in 1970 and 1971. Her allegation is that, notwithstanding reactions to the first and second doses, which con traindicated further injections, the full course of three was completed. Dr Renton knew nothing of Susan's family history (she was the illegitimate daughter of a 16 year old mother). After her first injection she had a high temperature and local inflammation and was sleepy but crying a great deal. Her mother thought she was not as lively as before and later thought one eye seemed odd. After the second injection she had a similar reaction and screamed all night. A month later she was observed to be slow in her development and was referred to a paediatrician, who reported that she looked rather odd and is hypotonie with, at lOVi months, a development level of 6 months. Shortly afterwards the third injection was given.
Response of automatic continuous positive airway pressure devices in a normal subject
Authors: G.B. Mwenge, M. Dury, P. Delguste, D. Rodenstein
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

application for this use of dipsticks is bacterial-mycobacterial effusion discrimination, particularly in the setting of resourcelimited healthcare systems.However, where access to standard biochemical pleural fluid analysis, including adenosine deaminase [5], is available, dipstick tests add little value to current practice.
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: M C Brain
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1970)

IN 1917 Rous and Robertson1 suggested that fragmentation was the normal fate of the effete erythrocyte at the end of its life-span. More recently it has become recognized that erythrocytes may undergo fragmentation earlier if they are subjected to excessive trauma within the circulation. The most striking example of this form of hemolysis has been the erythrocyte fragmentation that may result from a malfunctioning prosthetic heart valve2 or incomplete repair of an intracardiac defect.3 The hemolysis will cease, and the erythrocyte fragments disappear from the peripheral blood once the intracardiac defect is successfully repaired or the malfunctioning prosthetic valve is . . .
Complications of Artificial Heart Valves
Authors: Frank E. Kloster
Journal: JAMA (1979)

DESPITE continuing advances in cardiac valve surgery, it remains clear that valve replacement with any prosthesis is a palliative and not a curative procedure.<sup>1</sup>Every patient with an artificial heart valve is subject to an ongoing risk of a variety of complications that vary with different prostheses but that are common to most. Follow-up studies report that nearly half of all patients surviving valve replacement are dead or have experienced serious complications by ten years after operation.<sup>2</sup>Meticulous medical management and a clear understanding of the more common problems with artificial valves are crucial in avoiding complications or in recognizing them early for prompt and appropriate care. <h3>Infectious Endocarditis</h3> Prosthetic-valve endocarditis is a continuing and life-threatening risk in patients with artificial heart valves. A valve prosthesis increases the patient's vulnerability to endocarditis and makes eradication of the infection difficult. Prosthetic endocarditis occurring early after operation (within 60 days)
Analysis of Narcotic Analgesic Usage in the Treatment of Postoperative Pain
Authors: Kampon Sriwatanakul
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We reviewed 526 medical records of surgical patients and interviewed 81 of these patients. We also sent questionnaires to house staff (57 of 97 responded) and nurses (70 of 142 responded) involved in the care of these patients. A substantial number of patients suffered at least moderate pain during the postoperative period despite analgesic medication. Patients received 70% of the maximal ordered analgesic dose in the first 24 hours. Physicians prescribed drugs in doses that were often inadequate and to be given at inflexible intervals. The optimal doses and duration of action of meperidine, as judged by the house staff and nurses, did not agree with the accepted pharmacologic profile of this drug.