tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The consequences of abandoning the Health and Social Care Bill
Authors: K. Walshe
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Even at this late stage, the government would be wise to withdraw the bill 

The Health and Social Care Bill has now spent more than a year in parliament undergoing prolonged legislative scrutiny and some modification. During this time, opposition to it has hardened, and the coalition government’s NHS reforms now command little support from the health professions, healthcare organisations, think tanks, patient groups, the media, or the public.1 With many voices now calling for the bill to be withdrawn, it is worth giving serious consideration to what would happen if the government were to abandon it, and what the consequences would be for the NHS and for patients.

In anticipation of the reform legislation, the existing organisational structure of the NHS has already undergone substantial change. The 152 existing primary care trusts (PCTs) have been effectively wound up and replaced by about 50 PCT “clusters”—effectively, much larger PCTs. The 10 strategic health authorities have similarly been merged into four new larger ones. All, it is proposed, will become part of the new NHS Commissioning Board when it is established.2

About 260 clinical commissioning groups have been established in shadow form, and much effort has been expended on planning for them to take on responsibility for commissioning health services.3 Similarly, much work has …
Sulfasalazine and Folate Deficiency-Reply
Authors: Jorge Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  Folate deficiency is a common occurrence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and different causes of folate deficiency have been described in the past. However, only recently, Dr Halsted and colleagues' demonstrated, using the jejunal perfusion technique, a clear relation between the use of sulfasalazine and the incidence of folate deficiency in patients with ulcerative colitis. Minor hemolysis has been shown in patients taking sulfasalazine. As I previously pointed out, anemia in the patient I described was in part caused by a hemolytic process, but clearly, folate deficiency was present and played an important role. The anemia was corrected with folic acid supplementation without discontinuation of sulfasalazine therapy.  The current evidence suggests that folate deficiency in patients with ulcerative colitis receiving long-term sulfasalazine therapy, with or without anemia, may be prevented by folic acid supplementation or increased dietary intake of folate.
Advanced Prostate Cancer Treated with Intermittent or Continuous Androgen Deprivation in the Randomised FinnProstate Study VII: Quality of Life and Adverse Effects
Authors: Arto J. Salonen, Kimmo Taari, Martti Ala-Opas, Jouko Viitanen, Seppo Lundstedt, Teuvo L.J. Tammela
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Predictors of the Incident Metabolic Syndrome in Adults
Authors: Latha Palaniappan, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Yun Wang, Anthony J.G. Hanley, Stephen P. Fortmann, Stephen M. Haffner, Lynne Wagenknecht
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To prospectively investigate predictors of the incident metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This analysis included 714 white, black, and Hispanic participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) who were free of the metabolic syndrome at baseline; 139 of these developed the metabolic syndrome in the subsequent 5 years. We examined measures of glucose (fasting and 2 h), insulin (fasting and 2 h, acute insulin response, insulin sensitivity [Si], and proinsulin), lipids (HDL and triglycerides), blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), waist circumference, and baseline physical activity (total energy expenditure) as predictors of the metabolic syndrome. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, study site, ethnicity, and impaired glucose tolerance. Signal detection analysis was used to identify the characteristics of the highest risk group. RESULTS—The best predictors of incident metabolic syndrome were waist circumference (odds ratio [OR] 1.7 [1.3–2.0] per 11 cm), HDL cholesterol (0.6 [0.4–0.7] per 15 mg/dl), and proinsulin (1.7 [1.4–2.0] per 3.3 pmol/l). Signal detection analysis identified waist circumference (&amp;gt;89 cm in women, &amp;gt;102 cm in men) as the optimal predictor. CONCLUSIONS—These findings suggest that obesity may precede the development of other metabolic syndrome components. Interventions that address obesity and reduce waist circumference may reduce the incidence of the metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic adults.
Neural constraints on cognitive modularity?
Authors: Brian J. Scholl
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Is (some) innate cognitive modularity consistent with a lack of innate neural modularity? Quartz &amp; Sejnowski's (Q&amp;S's) implicit negative answer to his question fuels their antinativist and antimodular cognitive conclusions. I attempt here to suggest a positive answer and to solicit discussion of this crucial issue.
Challenges and Opportunities in Quantifying the Quality of Care for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John A. Spertus, Martha J. Radford, Nathan R. Every, Edward F. Ellerbeck, Eric D. Peterson, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2003)

HomeCirculationVol. 107, No. 12Challenges and Opportunities in Quantifying the Quality of Care for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Direct evidence for a role of the mast cell in the nasal response to aspirin in aspirin-sensitive asthma
Authors: Andrew R. Fischer, Mitchell A. Rosenberg, Craig M. Lilly, Joan C. Callery, Paul Rubin, Judith Cohn, Martha V. White, Yasushi Igarashi, Michael A. Kaliner, Jeffrey M. Drazen, Elliot Israel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1994)
Napoleon's Glands and Other Ventures in Biohistory
Authors: William H. McNeill
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Arno Karlen has here gathered an entertaining series of essays on what he calls biohistory, ie, the intersection of biologic and social processes among human beings.  The first three chapters are devoted to posthumous diagnoses of the ills afflicting three famous men: Napoleon, Goya, and Poe. The next two deal with diagnoses of ancient populations based on analysis of mummies and of bones. The next chapters treat of historical epidemics, lead poisoning, and the biological side effects of the contraceptive pill. A final chapter surveys other possible lines of biohistorical research.  The author is well informed in matters biologic and medical so far as I can tell, but he is not as well informed historically. He remarks,  example (p 152), that Mediterranean lands lagged behind northern Europe in population and culture for centuries after Justinian's plague of the sixth century AD, whereas by almost every criterion one can apply
Modified chitosan hydrogels as drug delivery and tissue engineering systems: present status and applications
Authors: Tapan Kumar Giri, Amrita Thakur, Amit Alexander, None Ajazuddin, Hemant Badwaik, Dulal Krishna Tripathi
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Chitosan, a natural cationic polysaccharide, is prepared industrially by the hydrolysis of the aminoacetyl groups of chitin, a naturally available marine polymer. Chitosan is a non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer and has attracted considerable interest in a wide range of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications including drug delivery, cosmetics, and tissue engineering. The primary hydroxyl and amine groups located on the backbone of chitosan are responsible for the reactivity of the polymer and also act as sites for chemical modification. However, chitosan has certain limitations for use in controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. These limitations can be overcome by chemical modification. Thus, modified chitosan hydrogels have gained importance in current research on drug delivery and tissue engineering systems. This paper reviews the general properties of chitosan, various methods of modification, and applications of modified chitosan hydrogels.
AKT-Independent Signaling Downstream of Oncogenic PIK3CA Mutations in Human Cancer
Authors: Krishna M. Vasudevan, David A. Barbie, Michael A. Davies, Rosalia Rabinovsky, Chontelle J. McNear, Jessica J. Kim, Bryan T. Hennessy, Hsiuyi Tseng, Panisa Pochanard, So Young Kim, Ian F. Dunn, Anna C. Schinzel, Peter Sandy, Sebastian Hoersch, Qing Sheng, Piyush B. Gupta, Jesse S. Boehm, Jan H. Reiling, Serena Silver, Yiling Lu, Katherine Stemke-Hale, Bhaskar Dutta, Corwin Joy, Aysegul A. Sahin, Ana Maria Gonzalez-Angulo, Ana Lluch, Lucia E. Rameh, Tyler Jacks, David E. Root, Eric S. Lander, Gordon B. Mills, William C. Hahn, William R. Sellers, Levi A. Garraway
Journal: Cancer Cell (2009)
Enhanced transfection with silica-coated polyplexes loading plasmid DNA
Authors: Kanjiro Miyata, Noha Gouda, Hiroyasu Takemoto, Makoto Oba, Yan Lee, Hiroyuki Koyama, Yuichi Yamasaki, Keiji Itaka, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
MDM4 is a key therapeutic target in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Agnieszka Gembarska, Flavie Luciani, Clare Fedele, Elisabeth A Russell, Michael Dewaele, Stéphanie Villar, Aleksandra Zwolinska, Sue Haupt, Job de Lange, Dana Yip, James Goydos, Jody J Haigh, Ygal Haupt, Lionel Larue, Aart Jochemsen, Hubing Shi, Gatien Moriceau, Roger S Lo, Ghanem Ghanem, Mark Shackleton, Federico Bernal, Jean-Christophe Marine
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Abstract 5668: An experimental study of folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel for targeted treatment of ovarian cancer.
Authors: Hongxia Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract To study the effect of folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel in vivo and in vitro targeted treatment of ovarian cancer and preliminarily elucidate its therapeutical mechanism. Methods: The folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel drug were prepared by the co-incubation method; The folic acid receptor-positive ovarian cancer cell lines were screened by immunohistochemical staining method; the targeting effect of the drug on SKOV3 cells were assessed qualitatively by fluorescence microscopy and quantitatively by flow cytometry (FCM). The killing effect of the drug on SKOV3 cells and SKOV3/TAX cells were monitored in vitro by plotting cell growth curve, the MTT method, FCM measurement, and electron microscopy; Tumor-burdened nude mice were administered with the drug by intraperitoneal and iv injection, the amounts of tumors were compared. The tumor killing effect of the drug in treating celiac metastases were examined qualitatively by electron microscopy and quantitatively by FCM. Results: (1) The particle size and encapsulation efficiency of folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel drugs were (140.5±10.3)nm and 97% respectively; (2) Both SKOV3 cells and SKOV3/TAX cells were folic acid receptor positive; (3) Folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel drugs demonstrated targeted killing effect on SKOV3 cells by the mediation of the folic acid receptor. The intracellular drug concentration gradually increases along with the incubation time. (4)The effects of folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel drugs on SKOV3 cells and SKOV3/TAX cells were significantly better than the nano-paclitaxel, but the effects was similar when the concentrations were 0.2 and 2 μg/ml. The resistance index of SKOV3 / TAX cells was decreased in the course of treatment; (5) The cell apoptosis rates of the three groups after treatment were 84.63% in abdominal group,35.23% in veinal group,and 10.12% in control group respectively (p &amp;lt; 0.01). The apoptotic necrosis in tumor issues of abdominal group was quite obviously. But the tumor-burdened quantities in three groups were 3.38±1.77, 4.50±2.20, and 3.86±1.95 respectively. there were no statistical significance (P &amp;gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel drugs have better therapeutical effects in treating both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant ovarian cancer lines. The drugs administered through intraperitoneal injection showed better results than via iv injection. Citation Format: Hongxia Li. An experimental study of folic acid coupled nano-paclitaxel for targeted treatment of ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5668. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5668 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Effect of salbutamol on histamine induced bronchoconstriction in healthy infants.
Authors: A J Henderson, S Young, S M Stick, L I Landau, P N LeSouef
Journal: Thorax (1993)

The effect of inhaled beta 2 adrenergic drugs on infants with wheezing disorders remains controversial. Salbutamol inhibits the bronchial responsiveness of infants to histamine and nebulised water but whether or not it acts as a bronchodilator in this age group is unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether salbutamol can hasten the reversal of histamine induced bronchoconstriction in infants.Bronchial challenge with histamine was performed in 40 infants aged 12 months or less with no previous history of respiratory symptoms. Response to histamine was assessed by forced partial expiratory flow/volume curves to measure maximal flow at functional residual capacity (VmaxFRC). After a fall of 40% or more from baseline VmaxFRC, each infant was randomly assigned to receive either salbutamol 0.5% or saline 0.9% solution by nebuliser. The rate of recovery of VmaxFRC and the time to reach baseline VmaxFRC were derived by linear regression.Infants who received salbutamol had a significantly faster rate of recovery (geometric mean 8.5 ml/s/min) than those who received saline (4.1 ml/s/min). Considerable interindividual variation was observed in the time from maximum bronchoconstriction to recovery of baseline VmaxFRC in both groups of subjects.Salbutamol significantly speeds the reversal of histamine induced bronchoconstriction in infants during the first 12 months of life. This observation provides further evidence to support the presence of functional beta adrenergic receptors in the airways of infants.
Amputation Neuroma of the Bile Ducts with Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Marshall K. Bartlett, William V. McDermott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

AN amputation neuroma may form from the cut ends of nerve fibers divided in the course of surgery on the biliary tree, just as it may occur elsewhere in the body. A tumor results that is not a true neoplasm but is made up of masses of interlacing axons, intermixed with scar tissue. Various observers have reported the presence of Schwann sheath cells in these amputation neuromas. The occurrence of such Schwann cells is reasonable since the afferent pain impulses from the biliary tree are carried by myelinated visceral fibers, which travel with the nonmyelinated motor autonomic nerves and eventually . . .
ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION—ANASTOMOSIS WITH MURPHY'S BUTTON—RECOVERY.
Authors: A. H. CORDIER
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Henry Binford, Nashville, Tenn., age 22. Some two years ago this young man had an attack of peritonitis, the origin of which, from his vague history, I am unable to obtain. Since that time he has had to be very careful with his diet, lest he bring on an attack of "colic." He has a slight "pulmonary trouble," leading to a suspicion of a tubercular peritonitis origin. On November 5, 1893, while on the street, he was taken with a severe pain in the region of the umbilicus, the intensity of which caused him to consult Dr. Chas. Lester of this city, who prescribed the usual antispasmodics and anodynes to relieve an intestinal colic, due to indigestion, and directed him to go to bed. The pain continued with unabated severity, and the doctor was called to see him, and prescribed salines to rid the bowel of the offending agent causing
No evidence for traces in sentence comprehension
Authors: Martin J. Pickering
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Grodzinsky claims that “normal language users demonstrate trace-antecedent relations in real-time tasks.” However, the cited evidence is equally compatible with a traceless account of processing. Moreover, Pickering and Barry (1991) and Traxler and Pickering (1996) have demonstrated that the processor does not wait until the purported trace location before forming the dependency. Grodzinsky's claims about Broca's area should be interpreted in terms of a transformation-free account.
Targeting MEK/MAPK signal transduction module potentiates ATO-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells through multiple signaling pathways
Authors: Paolo Lunghi, Nicola Giuliani, Laura Mazzera, Guerino Lombardi, Micaela Ricca, Attilio Corradi, Anna Maria Cantoni, Luigi Salvatore, Roberta Riccioni, Antonio Costanzo, Ugo Testa, Massimo Levrero, Vittorio Rizzoli, Antonio Bonati
Journal: Blood (2008)
An Introduction to Diagnosis and Management of Common Neurologic Disorders
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The past several years have seen a proliferation of paperbound, pocketsized synopses of neurology designed to answer house officers' questions as they bend over patients' stretchers in the emergency department or beds on the ward. It seems somewhat strange that those of us who belong to an older generation did not have such an advantage and yet managed to carry out our duties with a reasonable degree of success! Now, the practitioner or the house officer has a choice of several distillations of neurological wisdom and knowledge to draw on, presumably as an introduction to further study of textbooks, computer data bases, and current journals. Dr Scheinberg's book stands out for several reasons: it is much more detailed and informative than most manuals of this kind; it has several special sections, such as the one on pediatric neurology; and, most important, it is clearly the work of an experienced clinician.
Uptake of Depreotide in a Patient With Lung Cancer and Bone Metastases
Authors: Zairong Gao, Hans-J??rgen Biersack, Jan Bucerius
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

The affinity of small cell and nonsmall cell lung cancer for peptide analogs of somatostatin has been well documented. Tc-99m depreotide is such an analog and has been used for the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. Results of a multicenter trial have been published by Blum et al. Tc-99m depreotide correctly identified 85 of 88 patients with malignant neoplasm. False-positive determinations were found in granuloma and hamartoma. Sensitivity of depreotide was 96.6% with a specificity of 73.1%. This report describes depreotide uptake within the primary tumor and its bone metastases. Diagnosis of bone metastases was confirmed by a Tc-99m HDP scan.
Seabather's Eruption or Diver's Dermatitis?
Authors: David O. Parrish
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Special Communication by Tomchik et al<sup>1</sup>was a very interesting article that brought back memories. I spent 2 years at the naval base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, at which time I saw numerous cases of dermatitis from the sea and experienced firsthand these different types of dermatitis myself. There was a local term for this dermatitis called "hydroids." I became interested in this, and through research of the available literature, I came to the conclusion that there were two distinct entities that your article helped clarify. The first is the seabather's eruption or "sea lice" caused by the jelly fish,<i>Linuche unguiculata</i>, which, as you described, occurs predominantly under the bathing suit and normally not on the exposed areas. The other common dermatitis that was the bane of divers was a cercarial dermatitis of which there was recently an outbreak in Delaware.<sup>2</sup>The schistosome
Elevated Serum Osteoprotegerin Levels Are Associated With Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jang Yel Shin, Young Goo Shin, Choon Hee Chung
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The majority of diabetes-related mortalities are due to macrovascular complications (1). The early detection of atherosclerotic complications is important in reducing mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular events (2). Endothelial dysfunction is an early process in atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events (3,4). Furthermore, endothelial dysfunction is detectable by measuring the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery (5).

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a key cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and inhibits RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand)–mediated osteoclastic bone resorption (6,7). OPG is expressed in various tissues (8). In endothelial cells, OPG may act as an antiapoptotic factor by binding to the tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) (9,10).

OPG knockout mice develop vascular calcification and osteoporosis (11). Epidemiologic studies have suggested that serum OPG levels are correlated with age, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular mortality (12), and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (13,14). However, the relationship between OPG and endothelial dysfunction has not been proven. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between serum OPG levels and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.

We enrolled 104 type 2 diabetic patients (mean age 53.1 ± 8.1 years, 67.6% male) using the following exclusion criteria: 1 ) a history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, or peripheral artery disease; 2 ) presence of carotid stenosis ≥30%; 3 ) ankle-brachial …
Depot tranquillisers for disturbed behaviour.
Authors: M F Green
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Whether Drs Brooks and Harrington's patient developed malignancy after the diagnosis of coeliac disease was made and some clinical improvement was obtained after gluten withdrawal or whether it was present initially, precipitating overt manifestations of gluten intolerance, it is not possible to say.It is certainly believed that failure of a patient with newly diagnosed coeliac disease to respond to gluten withdrawal or relapse occurring after previous control by diet is suggestive of the development of malignancy.'The view that intestinal malignancy may cause flattening of the jejunal mucosa and present as "the coeliac syndrome" is no longer held.
Reply to Jörg Dabernig's Letter to the Editor re: Reply to Enzo Palminteri's Editorial Comment on: Jörg Dabernig, Odhran P. Shelley, Guiseppe Cuccia and Jürgen Schaff. Urethral Reconstruction Using the Radial Forearm Free Flap: Experience in Oncologic Cases and Gender Reassignment. Eur Urol 2007;52:547–54
Authors: Enzo Palminteri
Journal: European Urology (2008)
UTILIZATION AND MORTALITY TRENDS FOR BALLOON AORTIC VALVULOPLASTY IN THE UNITED STATES: A 8 YEAR PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Apurva Badheka, Nileshkumar Patel, Ankit Chothani, Kathan Mehta, Abhishek Deshmukh, Neeraj Shah, Abhijit Ghatak, Vikas Singh, Peeyush Grover, Ankit Rathod, George Marzouka, Ghanshyam Savani, Tushar Tuliani, Rajeev Sudhakar, Sidak Panaich, Mauricio Cohen, Eduardo De Marchena, William O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
(51) Angio-leiomyoma
Authors: M.L. Wood, R.E. Church
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article (51) Angio‐leiomyoma Get access M.L. Wood, Drs, M.L. Wood, Drs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.E. Church R.E. Church Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s30, 1 July 1986, Page 94, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb07746.x Published: 01 July 1986