tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Paraproteinemia-Associated Scleredema Treated Successfully With Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Authors: A. Brooke Eastham, Alisa N. Femia, Nicole F. Velez, Hedy P. Smith, Ruth Ann Vleugels
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

weekly for the next 4 months, and patient showed a complete clinical response.During this time, she also received several intralesional Kenalog injections to the larger nodules of the face and groin.Discussion | There have been a variety of treatment techniques used for CRDD, including cryotherapy, surgical excision, irradiation, oral corticosteroids, dapsone, thalidomide, and isotretinoin.To our knowledge, the use of methotrexate alone or in combination with other agents has been reported in 9 cases of systemic Rosai-Dorfman, and a complete to partial response was reported in most cases. 4 By contrast, methotrexate therapy has been reported in only 3 cases of CRDD, and partial or no improvement was reported. 3,5,6 However, in all of these cases, the eruption had already been present for well over a year.In our patient, a lack of response to prednisone, preexisting diabetes, and significant disease burden prompted the choice of low-dose methotrexate, to which a complete clinical response was seen over 11 months.Though the exact cause of CRDD remains unknown, the presence of Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6 by polymerase chain reaction, and reported eruption after vaccination 7 with spontaneous remission over months to years suggests that CRDD is a benign reactive process involving a particular pattern of immune dysregulation.Early diagnosis remains a challenge in CRDD owing to its nonspecific clinical manifestations, including variable numbers of papules, nodules, plaques, or tumors.Timely diagnosis and initiation of methotrexate therapy may be key to effecting a rapid clinical remission while this disease remains in its active phase.
A peptide derived from the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) protein-interacting protein (WIP) restores WAS protein level and actin cytoskeleton reorganization in lymphocytes from patients with WAS mutations that disrupt WIP binding
Authors: Michel J. Massaad, Narayanaswamy Ramesh, Severine Le Bras, Silvia Giliani, Lucia D. Notarangelo, Waleed Al-Herz, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Raif S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
CONDITIONS IN THE INDIAN MEDICAL SERVICE
Authors: L. Webster Fox
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The recent correspondence on the subject of the treatment of the American Indians prompts me to add a few personal observations that may be of interest to the profession, and aid somewhat in placing the situation in a position for betterment. Unquestionably there are two sides to the question as to the condition of the Indians under governmental care. The letters of Dr. Benson and of the Secretary of the Interior are of historical value, but those of Dr. Darey and Mr. Hoffman relate to conditions as they now are, and would seem to be of greater value in that they point to immediate needs. An extensive experience covering a number of years with trachoma among the American Indians convinces me that, with the exception of those near the very large cities, they have failed to receive adequate attention so far as this disease is concerned. Contrasted
315 Modeling HCV viral kinetic response to PEG-IFN/ribavirin in HCV/HIV coinfected patients
Authors: K SHERMAN, P HORN, S ROUSTER, M PETERS, M KOZIEL, R CHUNG
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

To evaluate the effect of treatment with peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin on liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with or without HIV infection.Patients received peginterferon alpha-2b (1.5 μ/kg/week during the first 4 weeks; 1.0 μ/kg/week thereafter) plus ribavirin (800–1200 mg/day, adjusted for weight) for 24 (genotypes 2/3) or 48 weeks (genotypes 1/4). Paired liver biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline and at the end of follow-up.108 paired biopsy specimens were available: 67 from HCV-monoinfected and 41 from co-infected patients. At the end of follow-up, necroinflammatory activity (NIA) was significantly reduced (P < 0.001), and fibrosis scores improved by ≥1 point (Ishak et al criteria) in 65.7% of HCV-monoinfected patients. In co-infected patients, NIA was significantly reduced (P < 0.001), and fibrosis scores improved by ≥1 point in 42.5% of cases. In both groups, results were better for patients who attained sustained virological response (SVR). HCV RNA was undetectable in the second biopsy specimens of all patients who attained SVR.Liver fibrosis is reduced significantly after a course of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Reduction of fibrosis is more significant in patients who are monoinfected with HCV and in those who attained SVR.
A trial of chemoprophylaxis of natural influenza infection with U.K. 2371
Authors: J. E. Stark, R. B. Heath, N. C. Oswald, V. Booth, R. Tall, W. Fox, K. D. Moynagh, J. M. Inglis
Journal: Thorax (1970)

In a five-week double-blind trial, 132 young adult volunteers received U.K. 2371, a synthetic isoquinoline derivative which had previously been shown to protect volunteers against challenge with certain influenza viruses. A comparable group of 130 volunteers received placebo. There was little difference between the groups in number or severity of acute respiratory illnesses during the trial or in the number of proven infections with influenza A2/Hong Kong/1968 virus. Tablet counts were carried out and single doses of isoniazid were used as a marker to confirm that the lack of prophylaxis was not the result of the failure of volunteers to ingest the tablets. It is possible that the disparity between our results and those obtained in previous volunteer challenge studies may be due to differences in susceptibility of strains of influenza A virus to the isoquinoline drugs.
Usefulness of 99mTechnetium pertechnetate in periarteritis nodosa.
Authors: J Abramovici, K Samii, L Vanhaelst, M H Jonckheer
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Radioisotopes have a wide range of application in the clinical investigation of many organs. Muscle diseases are an exception in this expanding field. We report here a case of periateritis nodosa in which unusual scintigraphic images were obtained with 99mTc-pertechnetate. The kinetics of this isotope and the scintigraphic changes were followed during treatment and found to be useful clinical tools.
AB0040 Il-29 induces production of il-6 and il-8 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts via jak/stat3 and mapk/nf-kb signaling pathways
Authors: F. Wang, L. Xu, X. Feng, W. Tan, M. Zhang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> IL-29 (Interferon Lambda 1)is a newly described member of the interferon family, which binds to its receptor to activate JAK-STAT, MAPK or Akt signaling pathways to induce antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor and immune responses. The immunoregulatory role of IL-29 in immune cells is still poorly understood. We previously reported that IL-29 levels were abnormally elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the role of IL-29 in RA inflammation remains unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the effect and pathway of IL-29 on the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in RA synovial fibroblasts (RA-FLS). <h3>Methods</h3> Human RA synovial fibroblast cell line, MH7A cells, were stimulated with IL-29 with or without inhibitors of MAPK/NF-κB and JAK/STAT3, the production of IL-6 and IL-8 was examined by real time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The phosphorylation of JNK, P38, ERK, IκB, NF-κB and STAT 3 was detected by western blot. <h3>Results</h3> IL-29 enhanced the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in MH7A cells in a dose-dependent manner. IL-29-mediated induction of IL-6 and IL-8 was transduced via activation of phosphorylation of JNK, P38, ERK, IκB, NF-κB and STAT3. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA inflammation can be amplified by enhanced IL-29-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production on synovial fibroblasts. Our results provide the initial evidence that IL-29 may be a new target in the prevention of inflammation and joint destruction in RA. <h3>References</h3> Wang F, Xu L, Feng X, Guo D, Tan W, Zhang M. Interleukin-29 modulates proinflammatory cytokine production in synovial inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. <i>Arthritis Res Ther,</i> 2012. 14(5): R228. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This project was sponsored by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30901332, 81172845, 81273294); the Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (No. BK2011851, BK2012875); the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province, China (No. CXZZ11-0701) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
OPERATIONS ON THE NASAL SINUSES CARRIED OUT THROUGH A TEMPORARY OPENING IN THE SEPTUM (TRANS-SEPTAL)
Authors: N. Patterson
Journal: BMJ (1917)

KXDIOmj~~~~~~~uroa evuum lhtrred Ptttients, commenced-the treatment, which cd6n. sisted of diuretics in the early stages, clhiefly F6urniir'9 formulae and the usual potassium citrate, lhyoscyamus, and.buchu mixture, and in the later staaes mnixtures con- taming the oleo-resins (oil of copaiba, sandalwood oil, and Oil of cinaamon).Fournier's formulae were as fodllows:1. Nitrate de-potagse ... ... ... 0.50 gram
Constrictive pericarditis in patients with coronary, valvular, or congenital heart disease: outcome of pericardiectomy combined with other cardiac operations
Authors: David G. Cable, Hartzell V. Schaff, Thomas A. Orszulak, Jae K. Oh, Joseph A. Dearani, Charles J. Mullany, Richard C. Daly, Francisco J. Puga, Gordon K. Danielson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
28 Inhibition of hepatitis C virus subgenomic replication by constitutive transport element (CTE)-linked ribozymes directed against the HCV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) and the 3′ untranslated region (UTR)
Authors: D. Jarczak, M. Korf, M.P. Manns, M. Krueger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Complications and death in chicken-pox.
Authors: A. W. Blair, W. M. Jamieson, G. H. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Three cases of the defibrination syndrome in pregnancy are reported: one occurred in association with abruptio placentae at 26 weeks, another in association with caesarean section for placenta praevia at 36 weeks, and the third in association with jaundice at 38 weeks.In all cases the clotting defect was reversed by the use of fibrinogen and all mothers and babies survived.The importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of the defibrination syndrome, even in unusual obstetric situations, is stressed.We should like to thank Professor uIn Donald for permission to publish these cases, and also Dr. M. L. N. Willoughby, under whose direction the blood tests were done and who has given us much helpful advice.
Abstract 5159: Wnt signaling protein (Wisp2/CCN5) stimulates angiogenesis and invasion in prostate cancer
Authors: Yasunobu Hashimoto, Rajendra K. Singh, Daniel Muñoz, Bal L. Lokeshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Angiogenesis and invasion are essential attributes of metastatic cancer cells. The Wnt-Induced Signaling Protein-2 (Wisp-2 /CCN5) is a secreted protein implicated in modification of extracellular matrix, invasion, and angiogenesis. The regulation of Wisp-2 and its function in CaP is poorly explored although it is highly expressed in advanced CaP cells. We discovered recently that a pro-inflammatory chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8) strongly modulates Wisp2 expression in CaP cells. Since chronic inflammation is thought to be significant in CaP metastasis and IL-8 is a major effecter of inflammatory pathway, we investigated the physiological consequence of Wisp-2 modulation in CaP cells. Hypothesis; Wisp-2 is a down-stream effector of IL-8 induced angiogenesis and invasion, and is essential for metastatic progression of prostate cancer. Methods: Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the expression of Wisp-2 mRNA and other mRNA in prostate epithelial and cancer cells (e.g. RWPE-1, LNCaP, LAPC-4, DU145, and PC3). Wisp-2 mediated-VEGF secretion was determined by ELISA and endothelial tube formation assay using human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC cells). Invasive activity and their attributes were determined using gelatin-zymography for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Matrigel invasion assay and chemotaxis assay. Results: Wisp2 RNA was strongly expressed in two highly metastatic CaP cell lines, DU145 and PC-3 and moderately in less invasive LAPC4 and LNCaP cells. Constitutive autocrine expression or external addition of IL-8 increased Wisp-2 mRNA by ≥15.2 times in LNCaP, and 7.4 times in LAPC4 cells. Depleting Wisp-2 by RNA interference caused 82% reduction of Wisp2 in DU145, and 75% in PC-3. Depletion of Wisp2 did not affect cell proliferation in DU145 and PC3 but it reduced expression of VEGF mRNA by 64% in DU145 and 43% in PC3. Secreted VEGF protein in cultures of DU145 and PC-3 cells showed a decrease of 62% in DU145 and 30% in PC3. Condition medium of Wisp-2 depleted DU145 cell cultures showed 20% decrease in proliferation and vessel formation activity in HUVEC cells. Further, Wisp-2 depletion in DU145 cells resulted in significant decrease in chemo-invasion activity (28%) and secretion of MMP-9 (25%). Conclusions: These results show that Wisp2 is down stream effector of IL-8 and is an important modulator, affecting extracellular matrix to stimulate angiogenesis and invasiveness in CaP cells. Suppression of Wisp-2 in CaP may reduce their metastatic potential. (Grant Support; VA MERIT Review, VA5312.01 (BLL)) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5159. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5159
Initial Biopsy Gleason Score as a Predictive Marker for Survival Benefit in Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel: Data from the TAX327 Study
Authors: Robert J. van Soest, Ellen S. de Morrée, Liji Shen, Ian F. Tannock, Mario A. Eisenberger, Ronald de Wit
Journal: European Urology (2013)
First and Subsequent Cycle Use of Pegfilgrastim Prevents Febrile Neutropenia in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study
Authors: Charles L. Vogel, Marek Z. Wojtukiewicz, Robert R. Carroll, Sergei A. Tjulandin, Luis Javier Barajas-Figueroa, Brian L. Wiens, Theresa A. Neumann, Lee S. Schwartzberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

We evaluated the efficacy of pegfilgrastim to reduce the incidence of febrile neutropenia associated with docetaxel in breast cancer patients.Patients were randomly assigned to either placebo or pegfilgrastim 6 mg subcutaneously on day 2 of each 21-day chemotherapy cycle of 100 mg/m(2) docetaxel. The primary end point was the percentage of patients developing febrile neutropenia (defined as body temperature >/= 38.2 degrees C and neutrophil count < 0.5 x 10(9)/L on the same day of the fever or the day after). Secondary end points were incidence of hospitalizations associated with a diagnosis of febrile neutropenia, intravenous (IV) anti-infectives required for febrile neutropenia, and the ability to maintain planned chemotherapy dose on time. Patients with febrile neutropenia were converted to open-label pegfilgrastim in subsequent cycles.Nine hundred twenty-eight patients received placebo (n = 465) or pegfilgrastim (n = 463). Patients receiving pegfilgrastim, compared with patients receiving placebo, had a lower incidence of febrile neutropenia (1% v 17%, respectively; P < .001), febrile neutropenia-related hospitalization (1% v 14%, respectively; P < .001), and use of IV anti-infectives (2% v 10%, respectively; P < .001). The percentage of patients receiving the planned dose on time was similar between patients receiving pegfilgrastim and patients who initially received placebo (80% and 78%, respectively), as would be expected of the study design. Pegfilgrastim was generally well tolerated and safe, and the adverse events reported were typical of this patient population.First and subsequent cycle use of pegfilgrastim with a moderately myelosuppressive chemotherapy regimen markedly reduced febrile neutropenia, febrile neutropenia-related hospitalizations, and IV anti-infective use.
Minocycline Treatment of Allergic Asthmatic Patients and BPO-KLH Sensitized Mice at the Peak of the Hapten Specific IgE Response Suppresses IgE, but not IgM, IgG or IgA Responses
Authors: R JOKS, T SMITHNOROWITZ, M BLUTH, M NOWAKOWSKI, H DURKIN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Firearm Violence and Public Health
Authors: Butch Reed
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Once again, I was distressed to see a biased Commentary<sup>1</sup>based on clichés and rhetoric obviously taken from the Sarah Brady handbook. The gun violence epidemic is hardly an epidemic, it's a tempest in a teapot that's taken on monumental proportions thanks to a willing accomplice in the form of the liberal national media. Using the data of Adler et al, there are more than 200 million guns in America. The vast majority of these are legally owned and are used responsibly by 70 million honest Americans every year for sport and self-defense. The average makeup of the 20 000 Americans who are killed "by guns" (not by each other) are young, urban, drug-using criminals shot by others of the same ilk. This figure, which is widely touted by the "ban-them-all" crowd, but not fully explained, also takes into account criminals shot by police and criminals
Attendance at a breast screening clinic: a problem of administration or attitudes.
Authors: K French, A M Porter, S E Robinson, F M McCallum, J G Howie, M M Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1982)

In a study of why a sample of women, aged 45-64 and registered with a group practice in Edinburgh, attended or did not attend the Edinburgh Breast Screening Clinic demographic, aetiological, social, and perceptual characteristics of attenders and non-attenders were compared. Similar proportions of attenders and non-attenders knew the chance of a breast lump being cancer and were aware of the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment. The study, however, suggests that non-attenders saw the screening clinic as a place of risk while the attenders saw screening in a positive light: 79% of non-attenders as compared with 36% of attenders said that they were afraid of cancer being found, and most women attended either to reassure themselves that they had not got breast cancer or to receive early treatment if they had. Furthermore, 72% of non-attenders as compared with 13% of attenders were anxious that their lives would be disrupted if cancer were found at the screening clinic. There may well be an important irreducible element to non-attendance due to attitudinal factors; the ethical implications of attempting to eliminate this require careful consideration.
Antibodies to penicillin in children receiving long‐term secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever
Authors: I.‐L. Strannegård, H. A. Majeed, S. Ahlstedt
Journal: Allergy (1987)

The occurrence of IgE and IgG antibodies to penicillin G and V in children on long‐term treatment with penicillin as secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever was studied using Phadebas® RAST (Pharmacia Diagnostics, Uppsala, Sweden) and ELISA respectively. The duration of the prophylaxis ranged between 1.5 months and 5 years (mean 1.8 years). Of 18 patients who had been given penicillin for more than 1.5 months, two had IgE antibodies and 12 had IgG antibodies to penicillin. Patients with acute rheumatic fever who had not yet received long‐term treatment with penicillin had antibodies of the IgG class in two out of 12 cases. The patients gave no history of adverse reactions to the penicillin injections and there were no signs of immune complex‐mediated disease. The two children who had IgE antibodies were switched to oral erythromycin instead of the penicillin injections. Penicillin is the drug of choice in the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever and can apparently be safely given as intramuscular injections of depot‐penicillin to prevent recurrences of the disease and ensuing cardiac damage.
Abstract SY16-02: microRNA regulation of the tumor angiogenic switch
Authors: David A. Cheresh, Sud Anand
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Endothelial cells (EC) in the adult mammal are among the least proliferative cell types, with about 1 in 10,000 cells entering the cell cycle at any given time. Such a degree of quiescence is rapidly reversed in response to growth factors during pathological neovascularization, particularly during tumorigenesis. This robust proliferative switch of the quiescent endothelium is a complex process governed by intricate checks and balances. Recently, small 22-nt RNAs termed microRNAs (miR) have been identified as important regulators of several physiological processes including angiogenesis. To identify microRNAs that activate might regulate the tumor angiogenic switch, we profiled miRs in both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with angiogenic growth factors VEGF or FGF and in a human embryonic stem (hES) cell vasculogenesis model in which hES cell derived embryoid bodies form well-defined, endothelial networks. We show here that microRNA miR-132 represents an angiogenic switch by targeting p120RasGAP in quiescent endothelium inducing neovascularization. miR-132 was highly expressed in the endothelium of human tumors and hemangiomas yet was undetectable in normal endothelium. Ectopic expression of miR-132 in endothelial cells increased their proliferation and tube-forming capacity while intraocular injection of anti-miR-132 blocked postnatal retinal vascular development in mice. Among its likely targets, miR-132 only impacted p120RasGAP expression, identified in normal but not tumor endothelium. Accordingly, endothelial expression of miR-132 suppressed p120RasGAP levels and increased Ras activity while a miR-resistant version of p120RasGAP reversed the miR-132-induced vascular response. Importantly, anti-miR-132 failed to inhibit angiogenesis in mice with an inducible deletion of p120RasGAP. Finally, vascular-targeted nanoparticle delivery miof anti-miR-132 restored p120RasGAP in the tumor endothelium, where it suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited breast cancer in mice. Therefore, miR-132 acts as an angiogenic switch by suppressing endothelial p120RasGAP expression leading to Ras activation and the induction of neovascularization, whereas the application of anti-miR-132 prevents this effect by maintaining vessels in the resting state. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY16-02. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-SY16-02
THE FEDERAL FOOD AND DRUGS ACT AND THE PHYSICIAN
Authors: F. J. CULLEN
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In 1906 I was an errand boy and soda dispenser in a drug store in Kokomo, Ind. I was assigned the added task of invoicing all "patent" and proprietary medicines on the shelves of the store, and of writing manufacturers stating the number of bottles or packages of their medicines we had in stock. The manufacturers then furnished me with small stickers to paste on each package, stating the content of alcoholic, narcotic or other drugs required by the new national pure food and drug law to be declared on the labels—also stickers stating, "Guaranteed under the Food and Drugs Act of 1906." These I attached to all packages. That was about the extent of my knowledge of the Food and Drugs Act before becoming associated with the federal Food and Drug Administration, in 1929. Since that date I have questioned numerous physicians and dentists and I find that their