tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-term Outcome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Admitted to Hospitals With and Without On-site Cardiac Catheterization Facilities
Authors: Nathan R. Every, Lori S. Parsons, Stephan D. Fihn, Eric B. Larson, Charles Maynard, Alfred P. Hallstrom, Jenny S. Martin, W. Douglas Weaver, for the MITI Investigators
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Previous studies have documented the strong association between availability of on-site cardiac catheterization facilities and increased use of coronary angiography in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although these studies have shown little influence of the availability of catheterization labs on hospital mortality, no long-term follow-up has been reported. Methods and Results From a cohort of 12 331 AMI patients admitted to 19 Seattle area hospitals, we compared long-term outcome in 7985 patients admitted to hospitals with and 4346 patients admitted to hospitals without on-site catheterization labs. During the index hospitalization, patients admitted to hospitals with on-site catheterization were more likely to undergo coronary angiography (67.1% versus 39.3%, P &lt;.0001), coronary angioplasty (32.5% versus 13.2%, P &lt;.0001), or coronary bypass surgery (12.5% versus 9.5%, P &lt;.0001). At 3-year follow-up, patients admitted to hospitals with on-site catheterization labs were more likely to undergo postdischarge angiography (19.2% versus 15.2%, P =.0001) and coronary angioplasty (11.6% versus 8.2%, P &lt;.0001). This was associated with approximately $2500.00 per patient in higher cumulative costs. Despite this higher rate of procedure use, there was no association between admission to a hospital with on-site catheterization facilities and lower long-term mortality (multivariate hazard ratio, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.1., the hazard being associated with admission to hospitals with on-site catheterization facilities). Conclusions In an urban area with unconstrained patient transfer mechanisms and high overall cardiac procedure use rates, AMI patients admitted to hospitals without on-site catheterization facilities were managed with fewer procedures during hospitalization and follow-up. This more conservative treatment approach was not associated with any observed increase in long-term mortality.
Performance of Lung-RADS in the National Lung Screening Trial
Authors: Paul F. Pinsky, David S. Gierada, William Black, Reginald Munden, Hrudaya Nath, Denise Aberle, Ella Kazerooni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been recommended, based primarily on the results of the NLST (National Lung Screening Trial). The American College of Radiology recently released Lung-RADS, a classification system for LDCT lung cancer screening.
Colesevelam HCl Improves Glycemic Control and Reduces LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes on Sulfonylurea-Based Therapy
Authors: Vivian A. Fonseca, Julio Rosenstock, Antonia C. Wang, Kenneth E. Truitt, Michael R. Jones
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

OBJECTIVE—Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for microvascular complications and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study tested the LDL cholesterol–lowering agent colesevelam HCl (colesevelam) as a potential novel treatment for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes on sulfonylurea-based therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A 26-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study was carried out between August 2004 and August 2006 to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colesevelam for reducing A1C in adults with type 2 diabetes whose glycemic control was inadequate (A1C 7.5–9.5%) with existing sulfonylurea monotherapy or sulfonylurea in combination with additional oral antidiabetes agents. In total, 461 patients were randomized (230 given colesevelam 3.75 g/day and 231 given placebo). The primary efficacy measurement was mean placebo-corrected change in A1C from baseline to week 26 in the intent-to-treat population (last observation carried forward). RESULTS—The least squares (LS) mean change in A1C from baseline to week 26 was −0.32% in the colesevelam group and +0.23% in the placebo group, resulting in a treatment difference of −0.54% (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The LS mean percent change in LDL cholesterol from baseline to week 26 was −16.1% in the colesevelam group and +0.6% in the placebo group, resulting in a treatment difference of −16.7% (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Furthermore, significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose, fructosamine, total cholesterol, non–HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B were demonstrated in the colesevelam relative to placebo group at week 26. CONCLUSIONS—Colesevelam improved glycemic control and reduced LDL cholesterol levels in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving sulfonylurea-based therapy.
The Case of the Perilous Prune Pit
Authors: Samuel Zelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

A FORTY-FIVE-year-old physician, who might reasonably be expected to know better, thoughtlessly swallowed a prune pit one morning at breakfast, having had his thoughts focused at the time on his reading rather than on his eating. After an initial moment of surprised shock he concluded that the object would find its own way through his inner labyrinth, and promptly forgot the matter completely.For a period of six or seven weeks thereafter (he never could date the time of onset) he was conscious of a mildly distressing, steady ache in the epigastrium. The pain was sharply increased shortly after he . . .
ATORVASTATIN RAPIDLY MODIFIES VASCULAR REDOX AND INCREASES NITRIC OXIDE BIOAVAILABILITY IN HUMAN ARTERIES
Authors: Charalambos A. Antoniades, Andreas Paschalis, Dimitris Tousoulis, Constantinos Bakogiannis, Michael Dimosthenous, Alexis S. Antonopoulos, Costas Psarros, Nikolaos Sfyras, Dimitris Lymperiadis, Kyriakoula Marinou, Keith M. Channon, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Reversibility of cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Reza Malekzadeh, Mehdi Mohamadnejad, Nasser Rakhshani, Siavosh Nasseri-Moghaddam, Shahin Merat, Seyed Mohamad Tavangar, Amir Ali Sohrabpour
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2004)
Abstract 1299: KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling interacts with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Shujie Song, Tess Orvis, Yanfang Zheng, Michael B. Major, Bernard E. Weissman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), negatively regulated by KEAP1, modulates induction of a battery of cytoprotective genes against oxidative stress via binding to the antioxidant responsive element (ARE) sequence. Recent NGS studies have shown a significant number of mutations in the KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling pathway, implicating aberrant activation of this pathway in lung cancer carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, employing either BRG1 or BRM as a catalytic subunit, regulates gene expression and alters chromatin structures in an ATP-dependent manner. Loss of complex function often occurs in lung cancers, via mutations in complex subunits. Since KEAP1/NRF2 mutations and BRG1/BRM loss occur frequently in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) in a mutually exclusive fashion, we hypothesized that BRG1 and/or BRM play(s) a role in the regulation of NRF2 target genes. To test this hypothesis, we developed a series of isogenic H358 NSCLC lines with reduced BRG1 and/or BRM expression using shRNA technology. We observed a significant increase in the levels of HMOX1 (heme oxygenase1) and GSTM4 (Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4) with a concomitant decrease in NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1) in the BRG1-deficient H358 cell lines. However, GCLM (Glutamate–cysteine ligase regulatory subunit) was elevated only in the BRM-reduced H358 cells. Interestingly, BRG1 loss, either alone or combined with BRM loss, promoted SDS-resistant KEAP1 dimerization. We are currently examining whether BRG1 and/or BRM loss increases ROS levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) showed that NRF2 were enriched at NRF2 downstream genes in both H358 parental and vector control cells, whereas BRG1 knockdown led to a moderate increase (HMOX1) or decrease (NQO1) in NRF2 binding. These results provide evidence that loss of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex activity alters the NRF2 pathway in NSCLC. Furthermore, novel drugs targeting NRF2 downstream genes might provide a therapeutic approach for BRG1 deficient NSCLC patients. Citation Format: Shujie Song, Tess Orvis, Yanfang Zheng, Michael B. Major, Bernard E. Weissman. KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling interacts with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1299. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1299
116 USING DYNAMIC CONTRAST-ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (DCE-MRI) TO PREDICT TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOR ADVANCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED SORAFENIB PLUS TEGAFUR/URACIL THERAPY
Authors: Y.C. Shen, C.Y. Hsu, C.W. Yu, C. Hsu, C.H. Hsu, A.L. Cheng, T.F. Shih
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Treatment of Parkinson's disease with pergolide and relation to restrictive valvular heart disease
Authors: Guy Van Camp, Anja Flamez, Bernard Cosyns, Caroline Weytjens, Luc Muyldermans, Michel Van Zandijcke, Johan De Sutter, Patrick Santens, Pierre Decoodt, Christian Moerman, Danny Schoors
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
Dysfunction of more than 40% of left ventricular myocardium is required to cause cardiogenic shock
Authors: John P. Fisher, Joseph S. Mikan, Michael Picard, Daniel B. Fram, Brenda W. Sanzobrino, Lisa V. Carl, Jeffrey Kluger, Raymond G. McKay, Linda D. Glllam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
698 Histological features associated with fibrosis progression occur in a particular subgroup of heavy drinkers
Authors: P. Mathurin, F. Beuzin, D. Dalsoglio, A. Louvet, A. Balian, N. Carrié-Ganne, J.C. Trinchet, S. Prevot, S. Naveau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Voluntary Coordination of Our Expanding Health Effort
Authors: Chauncey D. Leake
Journal: JAMA (1961)

ONE OF THE MOST significant phenomena of our time is the astonishing ballooning of our health effort, all over the world. This expansion was sparked by the success of physicians everywhere in the management and prevention of disease as a result of our increasing scientific knowledge. This has led to a terrifying "population explosion," and it has also aroused a keen desire of people everywhere for the benefits which optimum health may bring them. Another result of all this is the added numbers of nonmedical personnel associated with physicians for the purpose of meeting increased health demands. Among this personnel are scientists of all sorts, who obtain the verifiable information about ourselves and our environment. This basic scientific knowledge is necessary to help physicians meet the rising demands for good health. There are also increasing numbers of specially-trained personnel to aid physicians, both in offices and hospitals, such as clinical
Reply from Authors re: Monique J. Roobol. Prostate Cancer Biomarkers to Improve Risk Stratification: Is Our Knowledge of Prostate Cancer Sufficient to Spare Prostate Biopsies Safely? Eur Urol 2011;60:223–5 and re: Carvell T. Nguyen, Michael W. Kattan. How to Tell If a New Marker Improves Prediction. Eur Urol 2011;60:226–8
Authors: Giorgio Guazzoni, Luciano Nava, Massimo Lazzeri, Vincenzo Scattoni, Giovanni Lughezzani, Carmen Maccagnano, Fernanda Dorigatti, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Marina Pontillo, Vittorio Bini, Massimo Freschi, Francesco Montorsi, Patrizio Rigatti
Journal: European Urology (2011)
788-2 Six Minute Walk Test Gives Prognostic Information in Severe Hear Failure
Authors: Karl Swedberg, Robert M. Califf, Kirkwood Adams, Mihai Gheorghiade, Frank B. Harrel, William McKenna, Kenneth Schulman, Jorge Soler-Soler, Barry Uretsky, F. Zannad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Nature of Anaemia in Rheumatoid Arthritis: I. Metabolism of Iron
Authors: L. M. H. Roy, W. R. M. Alexander, J. J. R. Duthie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1955)

Anaemia of moderate severity is commonly present in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.The degree of anaemia bears a close relationship to the activity of the disease.No completely satisfactory explanation of its presence has ever been advanced.In the past it has been ascribed to "toxic" depression of marrow function, iron deficiency, or a combination of these factors.Iron by mouth was usually prescribed, but results were seldom satisfactory.The characteristics of the anaemia have been studied in detail by a number of investigators in recent years, but a review of their reports reveals no general agreement as to under- lying causes.Nilsson (1948) stated that the anaemia was of a hypochromic and normocytic type.He considered that the red cells were of abnormal shape in that the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was within normal limits, but the mean corpuscular diameter was decreased.Inadequate haemoglobinization was apparent from a reduction in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concen- tration (MCHC).Jeffrey (1952, 1953a) found that the MCV was within the normal range in 74 of 100 cases examined (74 per cent.),whereas the MCHC was less than 30 per cent.(normal range 32-36 per cent.) in 97 of 136 cases (71 per cent.).Ross (1950) confirmed that the anaemia was of hypochromic, normocytic type.Nilsson (1948) and Jeffrey (1952) examined myelograms from twelve and sixteen patients respectively.No consistent abnormality was reported, but in many instances the haemoglobinization of normoblasts was impaired and the production of immature normoblasts increased.Cartwright and Wintrobe (1952) reported that free erythrocyte protoporphyrin was increased in ten or fifteen cases of anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis.That this increase was probably independent of changes in free erythrocyte coproporphyrin content was later shown by Krammer and others (1954).These findings were inter- preted as being indications of retarded erythropoiesis.In the patients studied by Jeffrey (1953b) the free erythrocyte protoporphyrin varied widely from case to case. 63A moderate increase in reticulocytes was noted by Nilsson (1948) in a number of female patients, but he found no evidence of increased haemolysis.Jeffrey (1952, 1953a) measured serum bilirubin, faecal uro- bilinogen, the number of reticulocytes, and the fragility of red cells in saline.He concluded that haemolysis was not a significant factor in the causation of this anaemia.
Clusters of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Brian R. Edlin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 January 1993Clusters of Multidrug-Resistant TuberculosisBrian R. Edlin, MD, Sarah E. Valway, DMD, and Ida M. Onorato, MDBrian R. Edlin, MDCenters for Disease Control; Atlanta, GA 30333, Sarah E. Valway, DMDCenters for Disease Control; Atlanta, GA 30333, and Ida M. Onorato, MDCenters for Disease Control; Atlanta, GA 30333Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-1-199301010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We wish to clarify a point made in our report on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the United States. By noting that clusters of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases had been reported from 12 U.S. hospitals [1], we did not mean that nosocomial transmission had been verified in each. Hospital clusters may result from outbreaks caused by transmission inside or outside the hospital. Transmission in the hospital may be implicated by epidemiologic associations between exposure in the hospital and the subsequent development of disease or by the demonstration of molecular genetic similarity between patient isolates [1].As of 18 September 1992, ...References1. Edlin BR, Tokars JI, Grieco MH, et al. An outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326:1514-21. Google Scholar2. Centers for Disease Control. Nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among HIV-infected persons—Florida and New York, 1988-1991. MMWR. 1991; 40:585-91. Google Scholar3. Centers for Disease Control. National action plan to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; meeting the challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: summary of a conference. MMWR. 1992; 41(no.RR-11). Google Scholar4. Centers for Disease Control. Transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among immunocompromised persons in a correctional system—New York, 1991. MMWR. 1992; 41:507-9. Google Scholar5. Centers for Disease Control. Guidelines for preventing the transmission of tuberculosis in health-care settings, with special focus on HIV-related issues. MMWR. 1990; 39(no.RR-17). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centers for Disease Control; Atlanta, GA 30333 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByManagement of Healthcare Workers Infected with Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or Other Bloodborne Pathogens 1 January 1993Volume 118, Issue 1Page: 77KeywordsEpidemiologyGenetic diseasesHealth care providersMolecular biologyMultidrug resistant tuberculosis Issue Published: 1 January 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Use of biological assay systems to assess the relative carcinogenic hazards of disinfection by-products.
Authors: R J Bull, M Robinson, J R Meier, J Stober
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Other workers have clearly shown that most, if not all, drinking water in the U.S. contains chemicals that possess mutagenic and/or carcinogenic activity by using bacterial and in vitro methods. In the present work, increased numbers of tumors were observed with samples of organic material isolated from 5 U.S. cities administered as tumor initiators in mouse skin initiation/promotion studies. Only in one case was the result significantly different from control. In studies designed to test whether disinfection practice contributes significantly to the tumor initiating activity found in drinking water mixed results have been obtained. In one experiment, water disinfected by chlorination, ozonation or combined chlorine resulted in a significantly greater number of papillomas when compared to nondisinfected water. In two subsequent experiments, where water was obtained from the Ohio River at different times of the year, no evidence of increased initiating activity was observed with any disinfectant. Analysis of water obtained at the comparable times of the year for total organic halogen, and trihalomethane formation revealed a substantial variation in the formation of these products. Considering the problems such variability poses for estimating risks associated with disinfection by-products, a model system which makes use of commercially obtained humic acid as a substrate for chlorination was investigated using the Ames test. Humic and fulvic acids obtained from two surface waters as well as the commercially obtained humic acid were without activity in TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 or TA 100 strains of S. typhimurium. Following treatment with a 0.8 molar ratio of chlorine (based on carbon) significant mutagenic activity was observed with all humic and fulvic acid samples. Comparisons of the specific mutagenic activity of the chlorinated products suggests that the commercial material might provide a useful model for studying health hazards associated with disinfection reactions by-products.
Anti-Bovine Serum Albumin Antibodies: Genetic Heterogeneity and Clinical Relevance in Adult-Onset IDDM
Authors: Marcin Krokowski, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, José Timsit, Etienne Larger, Martine Pehuet-Figoni, Jean Francois Bach, Christian Boitard
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

To evaluate the prevalence of anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) antibodies in patients with adult-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and investigate a possible link between their presence and genetic susceptibility or resistance determined by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex.Sera from 60 recent-onset diabetic patients, 5 prediabetic subjects, and 102 healthy control subjects were tested using a radioimmunoprecipitation assay. HLA-DRB and -DQB alleles were determined by means of allele-specific oligonucleotide typing. Islet cell antibodies (ICAs) were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence.Levels of anti-BSA antibodies were significantly higher in IDDM patients (18.1 +/- 3.5%, n = 60) than in healthy control subjects (7.5 +/- 1.2%, n = 102) (P < 0.001), but in only 16.6% of IDDM patients (10 of 60) were the titers above the 95th percentile of control values. Anti-BSA antibody titers were higher in HLA-DR3 and/or -DR4 patients (23.4 +/- 4.9%, n = 41) compared with DR3 and/or DR4 control subjects (3.1 +/- 1.0%, n = 10) (P < 0.001). DR3 IDDM patients showed higher levels of anti-BSA antibodies (26.3 +/- 6.3%, n = 30) than non-DR3 patients (9.9 +/- 2.6%, n = 30) (P < 0.01) and healthy control subjects. Only two out of five prediabetic subjects had significant anti-BSA levels before clinical onset of diabetes.Our data confirm that antibodies to BSA are present in adult-onset IDDM patients, particularly in HLA-DR3-positive patients. However, the prevalence of anti-BSA antibodies was lower than previously reported in children, and there was a considerable overlap with healthy control subjects. Only two out of the five prediabetic patients demonstrated anti-BSA antibodies. Taken together, these results do not bring strong support to the clinical usefulness of anti-BSA antibodies as a relevant marker in diabetes prediction or diagnosis.
Heat Waves and Health Outcomes in Alabama (USA): The Importance of Heat Wave Definition
Authors: Shia T. Kent, Leslie A. McClure, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Tiffany T. Smith, Julia M. Gohlke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

A deeper understanding of how heat wave definition affects the relationship between heat exposure and health, especially as a function of rurality, will be useful in developing effective heat wave warning systems.
MMPs in tuberculosis: granuloma creators and tissue destroyers
Authors: Padmini Salgame
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Most individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop a latent infection, which does not progress to active tuberculosis (TB). This occurs, in part, because infected macrophages recruit immune cells to form a granuloma, isolating the bacteria and preventing its spread. In some individuals, granulomas undergo necrosis and tissue destruction occurs, releasing the bacteria and allowing the development of active disease. In this issue of the JCI, Elkington et al. provide evidence that M. tuberculosis drives the expression of MMP-1, which in turn promotes the collagen breakdown that leads to alveolar destruction in TB. These findings identify putative therapeutic targets for the prevention of TB.