tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative flow cytometry for the differential diagnosis of leukemic B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Giovanni D'Arena, Pellegrino Musto, Nicola Cascavilla, Matteo Dell'Olio, Nicola Di Renzo, Mario Carotenuto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

We have investigated whether the quantitative flow cytometry is an useful tool to better characterize B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLDs). Peripheral blood samples from 104 patients with leukemic B-cell disorders and 20 healthy donors were analyzed. Directly phycoerythrin-conjugated CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD79b, and CD5 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and QuantiBRITE pre-calibrated beads were used to calculate the number of antigen molecules per cell, expressed as antibody binding capacity (ABC). As compared to normal controls, in chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) all MoAbs tested, with the exception of CD23 and CD5, showed lower ABC levels. In prolymphocytic leukemias (PL), CD5 and CD23 antigens were constantly absent while lower CD19 and CD22 ABC levels were observed. Hairy cell leukemias (HCL) displayed very high levels of CD20 and CD22. Of interest, splenic lymphomas with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) could be discriminated from HCL for higher CD79b and lower CD19 ABC values. Finally, higher CD20 levels were detected in follicular lymphomas (FL), whereas higher CD79b and CD5 levels characterized mantle cell lymphomas (MCL). Seven out of 61 CLL cases were defined as morphologically atypical. When compared with typical forms, lower levels of CD19 and CD23 and higher CD20 and CD22 ABC values were detected. However, we failed to demonstrate quantitative differences between atypical CLL and MCL. Our results suggest that quantitative flow cytometry may be a useful additional tool to better identify some types of B-cell CLDs. Am. J. Hematol. 64:275–281, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Media dents confidence in MMR vaccine
Authors: N. Begg, M. Ramsay, J. White, Z. Bozoky
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Norman Begg and colleagues assess how adverse publicity damages vaccination programmes 

Once again the media have succeeded in denting parents' confidence in childhood immunisation. Coverage of the first dose of MMR vaccine in the United Kingdom fell last quarter after adverse publicity in the press linking MMR vaccine to Crohn's disease ( Communicable Disease Report 1998;8:41).

The national fall in vaccine coverage was 1%, although in 25 (20%) districts and health boards coverage fell by 2% or more. Altogether, about 2000 fewer children were vaccinated than in the previous quarter. The weight of scientific evidence has subsequently shown that these media reports were unfounded ( BMJ 1998;316:166) and that there is no causal link between MMR vaccine and Crohn's disease. Nevertheless, the damage to parents' confidence has been done. The press rarely give …
Aortic Stenosis: A Re-evaluation of Its Pathology.
Authors: William C. Roberts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Aortic Stenosis: A Re-evaluation of Its Pathology.William C. Roberts, M.D.William C. Roberts, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-319_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptObstruction to left ventricular outflow may occur at sites above and below the aortic valve as well as at the valve itself. Since there is difference in anatomy and in surgical treatment for obstruction at each of these sites, the term "aortic stenosis" is best used only in a general sense and should be preceded by the designations "valvular," "supravalvular," or the prefix "sub" depending on the site of obstruction.The least common form of "aortic" stenosis is the supravalvular variety. Including the two patients studied at the Clinical Center, there is necropsy data in the literature from only 11... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William C. Roberts, M.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 319-319KeywordsAortic valveStenosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE SOUND OF THE BRUIT DE POT FELE AND ITS MODIFICATIONS, AS OCCURRING MORE PARTICULARLY IN THE CHRONIC BRONCHITIS OF CHILDREN
Authors: J. Cockle
Journal: BMJ (1855)

JOULtNALA [JVLY 6, la.*1theut 6sfrmlty or shortening, and s*e regined a good uiS of the limb.133A3E.5.May not this old woman's rapid recovey be attribued to the treatment employed?Had she been sub- ected to the ordinary treatment by the double inclined or the'long splint, how much trouble and inconveni- ence would the incontinence of urine have given rise to, beides the almost certainty of bed-sores from lying con- stantly in one position?
Registration (!) in Mexico
Authors: C. R. Byars
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In view of Dr. W. G. Hathaway's request for information as to laws regulating the practice of medicine in Mexico, inThe Journal, April 19, 1913, p. 1247, my experience may be of interest. I graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1898. I made an attempt to comply with the laws of the state of Coahuila regarding the practice of medicine. I began to obtain the desired information or certificates in the latter part of 1910, and quit in disgust in 1912 after spending between two and three hundred dollars and obtaining no results whatever. I employed a lawyer and sought advice from the American consul, who directed me to "Judge" —, "who was very reliable and would give me all necessary information." Later on I discovered that he was a judge, but a judge of bull fights. This so-called judge directed me to a notary
Enhanced Cutaneous Gene Delivery Following Intradermal Injection of Naked DNA in a High Ionic Strength Solution
Authors: Sophie Chesnoy, Leaf Huang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Intradermal injection of naked DNA results in gene transfer to skin cells, but the efficiency of this gene transfer method is relatively low and variable. We have systematically optimized several parameters to obtain reproducible, high-level gene transfer to the mouse skin. Older mice (∼7 weeks) showed a significant decrease in gene expression compared with younger mice (4–5 weeks old). The composition of the solvent vehicle (electrolyte versus nonelectrolyte) strongly affected gene expression in the skin. A higher level of gene expression was achieved when naked DNA was dissolved in isotonic phosphate buffered saline solution compared with isotonic dextrose solution. Finally, transfection efficiency in older mice was greatly improved by increasing the ionic strength of the solvent vehicle. The improved transfection efficiency was due to an enhanced DNA uptake by the skin cells. Gene transfer was most evident in the subdermal smooth muscle cells and epidermal cells. With the optimized conditions, gene transfer mediated by intradermal injection of naked DNA was comparable in efficiency to electroporation. However, cellular distributions of the gene transfer of the two methods were different.
Authors' reply to Khurana and to Philips and Lamburn
Authors: P. Frei, A. H. Poulsen, C. Johansen, J. H. Olsen, M. Steding-Jessen, J. Schuz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Khurana asks about the number of brain tumour cases in the cohort, exposure assessment, and cohort ascertainment.1

Brain tumour cases —The 10-fold increase among long term subscribers since the previous update is a mixture of the ageing of the cohort and a major increase in person years under risk in subscribers of 10 or more years (1.2 million compared with 170 000 person years2) who were in the 5-9 years category of …
Is Oxytocin the Diurnal Regulator of Renal Hemodynamics?
Authors: C. Ezrin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Is Oxytocin the Diurnal Regulator of Renal Hemodynamics?C. Ezrin, M.D., L. W. Loach, M.D., S. Neiman, M.D., M. Barkin, M.D., T. F. Nicholson, M.B.C. Ezrin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, L. W. Loach, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, S. Neiman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. Barkin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T. F. Nicholson, M.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-742_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA reversed diurnal excretory rhythm of water, creatinine, and electrolytes was observed in a woman with fluid retention that first appeared after a head injury. Synthetic oxytocin produced a diuresis and restored a normal excretory rhythm. Recumbency for 24 hours also induced a return to normal rhythm. Spontaneous resumption of a normal cycle of renal excretion, even when the patient continued to be up and about during the day, was sometimes observed 1 day before menstruation.Inulin, PAH, and endogenous creatinine clearance studies showed that oxytocin and recumbency increased the daytime GFR (glomerular filtration rate). In the isolated, perfused dog... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. Ezrin, M.D.; L. W. Loach, M.D.; S. Neiman, M.D.; M. Barkin, M.D.; T. F. Nicholson, M.B.Affiliations: Toronto, Ont. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 742-742KeywordsCreatinineExcretionGlomerular filtration rateHead injuryHemodynamicsSalts ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
MENTALLY ILL AGGRESSIVENESS—POPULAR DELUSION OR REALITY
Authors: JOHN J. BRENNAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

1. Rejection for employment often is based upon a false image that all persons suffering mental illness are overtly physically aggressive. 2. There is a failure to distinguish between acutely and chronically ill and to understand that there is likely to be a recovery factor resulting in a progression from acute to chronic and thence to acceptable and predictable non-aggressive employment behavior. 3. There is a tendency to think in terms of general aggressive behavior with all persons and conditions rather than limited violent behavior with one person or condition easily avoided by professional occupational placement. 4. Rehabilitation of the mentally ill has not kept pace with scientific progress in the field of psychiatry and psychology. The ability of tranquilizing medicines to control the symptoms and to make the mentally ill patient safely employable is not widely known or utilized by private and public employers. Improved personnel techniques and foremanship, based upon a greater knowledge of psychology, have made it possible to utilize successfully more of the mentally handicapped. 5. Veterans Administration mental hospitals now have 8 years of industrial experience which demonstrates the freedom from overt aggressive behavior in typical employment situations in the community. 6. Supporting evidence is also found in the lower-than-average record for arrests of former mental patients, including crimes involving aggression. 7. The Massachusetts Workmens' Compensation Law which covers aggressive as well as accidental injuries to fellow-workers and supervisors by service-connected physically and mentally disabled veterans is corroborating proof that aggressive behavior is negligible.
A novel group of rhinoviruses is associated with asthma hospitalizations
Authors: E. Kathryn Miller, Kathryn M. Edwards, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Marika K. Iwane, Marie R. Griffin, Caroline B. Hall, Yuwei Zhu, Peter G. Szilagyi, Laura-Lee Morin, Luke H. Heil, Xiaoyan Lu, John V. Williams
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)

Although recent studies have identified new group C human rhinoviruses (HRVCs), their spectrum of pediatric disease is unknown.
Abstract 1943: On-demand reversible boronate-catechol crosslinked nanocarriers for cancer therapy
Authors: Kit S. Lam, Yuanpei Li, Kai Xiao, Wenwu Xiao, Juntao Luo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have previously reported the development of a versatile nanocarrier platform comprised of PEG-cholic acid cluster telodendrimers that can self-assemble together with hydrophobic cytotoxic anti-cancer agents to form stable nanoparticle drugs. We have successfully loaded these nanoparticles with a number of different cancer drugs. These include paclitaxel, doxorubicin, vincristine, vinblastine, actinomycin D, bortezomib, temsirolimus, sarofinib, and lapatinib. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we have demonstrated that the micelles can be disrupted by LDL and VLDL causing premature drug release. Such undesirable properties can be eliminated by cross-linking the telodendrimers with disulfide bonds. The disulfide crosslinked micelles can be triggered to release drugs by endogenous glutathione inside the cancer cells or via exogenous addition of N-acetyl cysteine, a FDA approved-drug that has been used for years in the treatment of Tylenol overdose. Very recently, we created a novel crosslinking strategy by incorporating boronic acids or catechols into the telodendrimers. The final nanocarriers were crosslinked by boronate-catechol bonds resulting in stable micelles, thus avoiding premature drug release. Inside the endosomal compartment, the boronate-catechol bonds were cleaved by the acidic environment resulting in drug release. An additional very important feature of this nanocarrier is that exogenous mannitol (another FDA-approved drug for diuresis) can be administered in vivo to trigger drug release. Therapeutic studies in ovarian cancer xenograft model indicated that paclitaxel-loaded boronate-catechol crosslinked nanoparticles were much more efficacious when mannitol was given 24 hours after each dose of nanoparticle drug. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1943. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1943
Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Therapy
Authors: William V. Applegate
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article by Barrett-Connor and associates (241:2167, 1979) on heart risk factors in postmenopausal women receiving estrogen, a paradox is noted in that both lack of estrogen and estrogen therapy cause an increase in levels of blood triglycerides. One explanation for elevated triglyceride levels in women taking estrogen is that a high intake of sucrose apparently aggravates the effect of estrogen on triglyceride production.<sup>1</sup>Gonane progesterone use concomitantly with estrogen decreases the effect of estrogen on triglyceride (and cholesterol) blood levels.<sup>2</sup>This, in judging the reason for increased blood triglycerides in the group of women described by Barrett-Connor et al, an accounting of sucrose intake and progesterone use would be helpful in interpreting the paradoxical findings. The authors imply that use of estrogen in postmenopausal women may give significant cardiovascular benefits that outweigh the increased risk of endometrial cancer. Since progesterone use along with
AXIS TRACTION AND A COMBINED AXIS TRACTION FORCEPS; ALSO AN ANTI-CRANIOTOMY FORCEPS, TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CRANIOTOMY AND VERSION IN PELVIC DEFORMITIES.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May 1891.
Authors: T. J. McGILLICUDDY
Journal: JAMA (1891)

The correctness of the principle of axis traction is now, of course, conceded by all, but there are still many fallacious ideas in connection with its production. One of the most common is, that it is necessary to have rods attached to the blade by a movable joint, and this idea has been followed by about all the imitators of Tarnier's models. Another is that the traction, whether with tapes or rods, must in no way be connected with the handles, which must move freely in all directions, and still another is that rotation and flexion of the head can only take place when Tarnier's instrument or others similar to it are used. Tarnier's instrument, when clamped to the infant's head, interferes with rotation. These ideas I believe are detrimental to proper axis traction, as it is well known that, in the skilful use of the forceps, we should frequently
Blood pressure measuring devices: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension
Authors: E. O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Infections continue to be a major cause of disease and contributor to death in patients on dialysis. Despite our knowledge and acceptance that hemodialysis catheters should be avoided and eliminated, most patients who begin dialysis initiate treatment through a central vein hemodialysis catheter. Dialysis Medical Directors must be the instrument through which our industry changes. We must lead the charge to educate our dialysis staff and our dialysis patients. We must also educate ourselves so that we not only know that our facility policies are consistent with the best evidence available, but we must also know where local and federal regulations differ. When these differences impact on patient care, we must speak out and have these regulations changed. But it is not enough to know the rules and write them. We must lead by example and show our patients, our nephrology colleagues and our dialysis staff that we always follow these same policies. We need to practice what we preach and be willing and available to redirect those individuals who have difficulty following the rules. In order to effectively change process meaningful data must be collected, analyzed and acted upon. Dialysis Medical Directors must direct and lead the quality improvement process. We hope this review provides Dialysis Medical Directors with the necessary tools to effectively drive this process and improve care.
Abstract P6-04-29: Vitamin D induces expression of estrogen receptor and restores endocrine therapy response in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer
Authors: N Santos, L Diaz, D Ordaz, J Garcia, D Barrera, E Avila, A Halhali, H Medina, J Camacho, F Larrea, R Garcia
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Approximately 30% of all breast tumors do not express estrogen receptor (ER) and patients with these tumors present poor prognosis and respond poorly to hormone therapy. Calcitriol through its vitamin D receptor (VDR) exerts antiproliferative, apoptotic and pro-differentiating effects in cancer. Calcitriols effects upon ER expression in breast cancer cells is controversial. Therefore, in order to clarify this issue, the aim of the present study was to determine if calcitriol induces ERα expression in ERα-negative breast cancer cells and could restore antiestrogen responses. The evaluation of calcitriol effects was performed in terms of proliferation and regulation of the following genes: Cyclin D1, involved in cell cycle, and Ether-à-go-go 1 (Eag1), related to cell proliferation and tumor progression. Methods: Cultured cells derived from ERα-negative breast tumors and an established ERα-negative breast cancer cell line (SUM 229) were used in this study. These cells were treated with calcitriol and reverse transcription-PCR or western blotting analyses were performed to assess ERα expression. Growth assays with XTT were used to evaluate the antiproliferative response to the antiestrogens fulvestran and tamoxifen. Gene expression analysis for Cyclin D1 and Eag1 was evaluated by real time PCR in cells treated simultaneously with calcitriol plus estradiol or fulvestran. Results: The treatment with calcitriol in ER-negative breast cancer cells resulted in the induction of ERα. This effect was specifically mediated through the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR), since the VDR antagonist TEI-9647 effectively inhibited the ability of calcitriol to stimulate ERα gene expression. Consequently, the induction of ERα by calcitriol restores the response to antiestrogens in breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation. Co-treatment of calcitriol and antiestrogens down-regulated Cyclin D1 and Eag1 gene expression. Conclusion: Calcitriol induced the expression of ERα and restored antiestrogenic responses in ERα-negative breast cancer cells. Moreover, fulvestran down regulated mRNA expression of Cyclin D1 and Eag1 when ERα-negative cells were pre-treated with calcitriol. These results suggest that the combined treatment with calcitriol and antiestrogens could be a new therapeutic strategy for ERα-negative breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-29.
Treatment of Invasive Silent Somatotroph Pituitary Adenoma with Temozolomide. Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ali A Ghazi, Fabio Rotondo, Kalman Kovacs, Alireza Amirbaigloo, Luis V Syro, Hussein Fathalla, Antonio Di Ieva, Michael D. Cusimano
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2015)
Space Flight Problems— Mechanical, Medical, and Moral
Authors: Leslie W. Ball, Romney H. Lowry
Journal: JAMA (1964)

People BY NATURE are competitive. At its best, this characteristic takes the form of an individual competing with himself to achieve technical, artistic, or moral excellence. At its worst, competition takes the form of war between nations. The problem of guiding the competitive spirit into constructive channels is age old. The ancient Greeks sought an alternative to war in the Olympic games. Today we may hope that the so-called space race will provide a noble and peaceful outlet for the competitive spirit of the great powers. Certainly the problems in the conquest of space are gigantic enough to absorb the competitive energy of the most ambitious man or nation. The material wealth required is substantial. Each family represented here already is contributing about $1,000 per year to space conquest. The mechanical or equipment problems are at the outer limit of the properties of materials and of our technical capabilities in
Combined Intrathecal and Intramuscular Gentamicin for Gram-Negative Meningitis
Authors: James J. Rahal, Phineas J. Hyams, Michael S. Simberkoff, Ethan Rubinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Gentamicin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were studied in 21 adults treated with gentamicin and other antibiotics for proved or suspected meningitis due to gram-negative enteric bacilli. Sixteen patients were given three to 12 doses of 4 mg intrathecally. Within eight hours after an intrathecal injection in the lumbar area of 4 mg, 11 of 14 cerebrospinal-fluid samples contained 19 to 46 μg per milliliter; after 20 hours two thirds contained less than 3 μg per milliliter. The geometric mean half-life of gentamicin in cerebrospinal fluid was 5.5 hours. Intrathecal injections of 4 mg of gentamicin must be repeated at least every 18 hours to maintain therapeutic concentrations in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid despite concomitant intramuscular administration. (N Engl J Med 290:1394–1398, 1974)
Maintenance psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy: does it have a role in the treatment of severe atopic eczema?
Authors: A.D. Morris, E.M. Saihan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Maintenance psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy: does it have a role in the treatment of severe atopic eczema? Get access A.D. Morris, A.D. Morris Department of Dermatology, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: andrewmorris@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.M. Saihan E.M. Saihan Department of Dermatology, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: andrewmorris@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 4, 1 April 2002, Pages 705–707, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.46862.x Published: 01 April 2002