tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence Justifying a High Fluid Intake in Treatment of Nephrolithiasis
Authors: Charles Y. C. Pak, Kashayar Sakhaee, Candace Crowther, Linda Brinkley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We quantitatively assessed the effect of urinary dilution on the crystallization of calcium salts. Urinary dilution was achieved in vitro (1 to 2 L/d) by addition of water to urine from six patients with renal stones and two normal subjects, and in vivo (1.023 to 2.383 L/d) by an increased ingestion of distilled water in four patients with nephrolithiasis and three normal subjects. Both forms of urinary dilution significantly reduced the urinary activity product ratio (state of saturation) of calcium phosphate (brushite), calcium oxalate, and monosodium urate. Moreover, the formation product ratio (limit of metastability or minimum supersaturation needed to elicit spontaneous nucleation) of calcium oxalate significantly increased, although that for brushite did not change significantly. Thus, there was a reduced propensity for crystallization of calcium salts. The results provide objective evidence for the beneficial role of an increased fluid intake in the management of nephrolithiasis.
ADAMHA Undergoes Major Changes
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

CONGRESS IS separating research activities from service functions of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA), effective October 1. Three institutes within ADAMHA that perform or sponsor research—the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and the National Institute of Mental Health—are being transferred to the National Institutes of Health. <h3>New Acronym</h3> Service functions are being taken over by a new agency called the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration that provides the federal government with yet another acronym (SAMHSA). <h3>Addictive Disorders</h3> It will be responsible for treatment and prevention services dealing with mental health and addictive disorders. The legislation also creates a new Center for Mental Health Services, which joins the revised Center for Substance Abuse Treatment and Center for Substance Abuse Prevention within the new agency. A Senate report suggests the legislation results from questions about whether it is
Alleged Death from the Application of an Arsenical Plaster
Authors: C. A. Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1890)

theritic bacilli, as many as five or six micro-organisms being sometimes enclosed within one cell.Some of these intracellular bacilli appear to be perfectly healthy, staining and retaining aniline colouring matters well, whilst other micro-organisms, also contained in ameeboid cells, show signs of degeneration varying from a mere difference in the power of retaining gentian violet, to complete disorganisation and destruction.The description of these changes I must reserve for another occasion.Many ameeboid cells in the membrane, more especially those present in its most superficial part, show distinct necrotic changes, many of them losing the power of retaining colouring matter.The nucleus breaks up, does not stain at all even with strong log wood or carmine, the surrounding protoplasm swelling up, becoming more yellow, and not unfrequently vacuolated.In
Influence of airborne nitrogen dioxide or formaldehyde on parameters of skin function and cellular activation in patients with atopic eczema and control subjects
Authors: Bernadette Eberlein-König, Bernhard Przybilla, Patricia Kühnl, Jochen Pechak, Istvan Gebefügi, Jürgen Kleinschmidt, Johannes Ring
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Prolonged Achilles Reflex in Neurosyphilis Simulating the Myxedema Reflex
Authors: G. M. Simpson, J. H. Blair, G. R. Nartowicz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

SINCE 1924 the delayed relaxation of the ankle jerk has been considered pathognomonic of hypothyroidism.1 More recently experimenters have shown that the length of delay is a reliable index of hypothyroidism and that delayed relaxation occurs only in the condition of lowered thyroid activity.2 3 4 5 We have shown that the delay in relaxation of the reflex is present in some subjects who have no manifest thyroid abnormality.6 , 7 One patient, mentioned previously,6 had a relaxation time in the hypothyroid range in both ankles, and the difference in relaxation time between the two ankles was considerably greater than any we had seen in . . .
Surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
Authors: R M Kalbag, R P Sengupta
Journal: BMJ (1977)

reduced to 3 tsg min, and blood sugar two hours later was 8 9 mmoll, and 10 hours later 4 5 mmol 1. Urine tests returned to normal four hours after the reduction and remained normal despite continued high doses of corticosteroids.A later glucose tolerance test while 15 mg day of prednisone was being taken was normai.
Appliances for Surgical Endoscopy
Authors: E. Seifert
Journal: Endoscopy (1973)

Four kinds of appliances for surgical endoscopy, constructed by us with the aid of Olympus Company, Tokyo, are described. These instruments permit safe and successful removal of polyps after polypectomy, extraction of foreign bodies, insertion of plastic tubes through a stenosis and cutting of sutures. Technical datas and instrumentation technique are also presented from our own personal experience in using these appliances.
RHEUMATOID SPONDYLITIS AS A CAUSE OF INCREASED CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PROTEIN. BASED ON THE STUDY OF 101 PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: ALFRED O. LUDWIG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 July 1943RHEUMATOID SPONDYLITIS AS A CAUSE OF INCREASED CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PROTEIN. BASED ON THE STUDY OF 101 PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITISALFRED O. LUDWIG, M.D., CHARLES L. SHORT, M.D., WALTER BAUER, M.D.ALFRED O. LUDWIG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CHARLES L. SHORT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WALTER BAUER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-1-125_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe neurologic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis are numerous, extremely variable and at times so striking as to simulate disease of the central or peripheral nervous system. An analysis of these clinical features in 293 unselected consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the results of detailed neuropathological studies are in progress. The present report deals only with the cerebrospinal fluid findings in this disease.The cerebrospinal fluids examined during the course of this study were obtained from 101 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 59 of whom suffered from peripheral joint disease alone and 42 from spondylitis with or without peripheral joint involvement.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1943Volume 19, Issue 1Page: 125-125KeywordsAnkylosing spondylitisCerebrospinal fluidPeripheral nervous systemProteinsRheumatoid arthritisSpondylitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of Maffucci Syndrome With Tc-99m Oxidronate Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: JACK R. McEWAN, WALTER SLIZOFSKI, STEVEN J. BROWN, ANGABEEN KHAN, SIMIN DADPARVAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Tc-99m Oxidronate bone scintigraphy was performed on a 39-year-old woman who had Maffucci syndrome. Planar blood pool images demonstrated multiple nodular regions of increased activity in the left hand and wrist, corresponding to hemangiomas. Delayed bone images revealed multiple areas of diffusely increased uptake in the appendicular skeleton consistent with enchondromas. Maffucci syndrome is a rare congenital, nonhereditary mesodermal dysplasia associated with multiple enchondromas and soft tissue hemangiomas. The enchondromas exhibit a definite tendency to undergo malignant transformation to chondrosarcomas. Maffucci syndrome is closely related to Oilier disease (multiple enchondromatosis) in which multiple enchondromas are found in the epiphyses, adjacent metaphysis, and shafts of the large and small tubular bones.
[736] GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR OXIDATIVE STRESS IN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: L. Miele, S. Boccia, C. Cefalo, G. La Torre, A. Forgione, F. Gianfagna, D. Arzani, M.L. Gabrieli, V. Vero, G. Gasbarrini, G. Ricciardi, A. Grieco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Screen all adults 45 or over for abnormal glucose, says US panel
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

All adults aged 45 or older should be screened for abnormal blood sugar concentrations, as well as adults under 45 who have risk factors for impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes, say draft recommendations released 6 October by the US Preventive Services Task Force.1 The recommendations are open for public comment until 3 November.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus typically develops slowly, progressing from normal blood glucose to impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance and to diabetes, a process that can take a decade or longer. Both impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose are risk factors for diabetes, the task force noted.

If adopted, the new recommendation would update the task force’s 2008 guideline, which recommended screening for diabetes in adults with hypertension (sustained blood pressure >135/80 mm Hg). The task force’s assessment at that time found insufficient evidence to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening adults without hypertension.

The task force is an independent panel commissioned by the US government to make recommendations on preventive care for patients who …
TREATMENT OF CHOLERA.
Authors: Geo. A. Staples
Journal: JAMA (1884)

<h3>Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:—</h3> It has seemed proper to me to call the attention of the profession to the valuable article on the treatment of Asiatic cholera, by Dr. S. S. Todd, in theJournalfor Aug. 9, not only because the subject is peculiarly opportune at the present time and the method proposed seems exceedingly rational, but for the reason that, some time ago, a similar proposition was made by a German writer, and the statement that the plan has hitherto been untried needs modification. Prof. Samuel, of Königsberg, in 1883, published a brochure on Subcutaneous Infusion as a Method of Treatment of Cholera, in which he proposed at some length a plan similar to that recommended by Dr. Todd; the same writer has recently reiterated his views,<sup>1</sup>a synopsis of which I believe will be of interest and value. In his
Long term prognosis of patients with cystic fibrosis in relation to early detection by neonatal screening and treatment in a cystic fibrosis centre.
Authors: J E Dankert-Roelse, G J te Meerman
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--A study was undertaken to evaluate whether an early diagnosis by neonatal screening may improve the long term prognosis of patients with cystic fibrosis and to assess the influence of expert management started immediately after the diagnosis. METHODS--Comparative clinical follow up in three birth cohorts of patients with cystic fibrosis was performed at the Cystic Fibrosis centre in Groningen in close collaboration with paediatricians in general hospitals in the north-eastern part of the Netherlands. The first birth cohort (n = 19) was detected by screening and the two other cohorts were detected clinically, one (n = 30) consisting of patients born during the screening programme and the other (n = 32) of patients born during the six years immediately after the screening programme ended. The total number of patients in the three birth cohorts included all patients with cystic fibrosis born in this area during a 12 year period. Cumulative survival rates and the variation with time of lung function, the levels of immunoglobulins, and growth patterns were used as main outcome measures. RESULTS--Patients born during the screening programme but detected clinically appeared to have a reduced life expectancy compared with patients detected by screening. The patients detected by screening showed less deterioration in lung function (annual decrease 1.2% of FEV1 % pred), a smaller increase in immunoglobulin levels, and minimal catch-up growth compared with an annual decrease of 3.25% of FEV1 % pred in the non-screened birth cohort of the same age, a higher rise in immunoglobulins leading to increased levels at the end of the observation period, and catch-up growth for weight as well as height. Differences between patients treated in a cystic fibrosis centre and those not referred to a specialist centre were smaller but similar, in favour of treatment at a cystic fibrosis clinic. CONCLUSIONS--Expert management started immediately after an early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis by neonatal screening results in important beneficial effects on the outcome and clinical course of the condition. The institution of very early treatment may be critical for the outcome and long term prognosis for most patients with cystic fibrosis. Neonatal screening programmes for cystic fibrosis should be introduced more widely.
The Photography of Patients
Authors: J. Hasegawa
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This is the second edition of an excellent compact book on medical photography. The illustrations, in color and black and white, are clear from both the photographic and medical viewpoints. The first six chapters are devoted to the principles of picture taking—fundamentals, equipment and space, simplified techniques, lens properties, positioning and handling, and lighting. Chapters 7 through 9 discuss the principles of photographic printing—films and filters and color processes, printing methods, paper selection, quality control, and print quality. Chapter 10 is devoted to the infrared techniques. Photomicrography is not discussed in this book. Chapter 2 on equipment and space contains valuable information on the requirements for the use of photoflood lighting and press type cameras. Diagrams for the proper wiring of the dimmer circuits are presented for those addicted to do-ityourself projects. The chapter on simplified techniques describes the focal frame and portrait lens equipment with photoflash bulbs and electronic
Preventive Medicine and Residency Training
Authors: RALPH G. GREENLEE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1985Preventive Medicine and Residency TrainingRALPH G. GREENLEE, M.D.RALPH G. GREENLEE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-641_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: As a physician who practiced general internal medicine for 43 years and is now involved in graduate medical education, I read with dismay the report of the Preventive Health Care Committee of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine (1). If the results of this research are valid, then it is time that residency programs in internal medicine be overhauled. The recommendations are for the type of resident training that is now part of the family practice program. With all due respect, the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine...References1. . Preventive medicine in general internal medicine residency training. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:859-61. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FRIEDLAND M. Education and training in primary care internal medicine [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:862. LinkGoogle Scholar1. . Preventive medicine in general internal medicine residency training. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:859-61. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MATTHEWS D and VOYTOVICH A. An appraisal of goals for residency training in internal medicine. J Med Educ. 1985;60:536-43. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. HUTH E. The academic future of general internal medicine [Editorial] Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:261-3. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RALPH G. GREENLEE, M.D.Affiliations: Memorial Medical Center Corpus Christi, TX 78405 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1985Volume 103, Issue 4Page: 641-642KeywordsGraduate medical educationHealth carePreventive medicinePrimary careResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical importance of thrombocytopenia occurring in the hospital phase after administration of thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Robert A. Harrington, David C. Sane, Robert M. Califf, Kristina N. Sigmon, Charles W. Abbottsmith, Richard J. Candela, Kerry L Lee, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
An Introduction to Psychopharmacology
Authors: Frank J. Ayd
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Some knowledge of psychopharmacology has become essential for every physician. To provide this a number of textbooks on this subject have been written. This particular book evolved from a seminar course in psychopharmacology in which most of the 12 authors participated. The editors hope that it will find utility in the teaching of graduate students, medical students, residents in psychiatry, and others interested in preparing themselves to delve into this fascinating subject.  The first three chapters are devoted to a foundation review of some fundamentals of pharmacology and psychology, of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, and of some of the possible influences of psychotropic drugs on brain neurohumoral mechanisms. Then are discussed the role of the limbic system in the control of behavior and the way drugs may affect this brain area. This is followed by a review of the use of electrophysiological techniques to study drug effects in the nervous system,
P962 A COMPARISON OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, TREATMENT MODALITIES AND PROGNOSES BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA WITH CHILD–PUGH SCORE 5 AND 6
Authors: C.-W. Su, H.-H. Hung, J.-C. Wu, Y. Chao, Y.-Y. Chiou, T.-I. Huo, Y.-H. Huang, G.-Y. Chau, K.-C. Lee, H.-C. Lin, S.-D. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Usefulness of viral kinetics for early prediction of a sustained virological response in HCV-1 non-responders re-treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin
Authors: Pierre Deltenre, Marion Corouge, Valérie Canva, Hélène Castel, Faustine Wartel, Sébastien Dharancy, Alexandre Louvet, Mouna Lazrek, Christophe Moreno, Jean Henrion, Philippe Mathurin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Scintigraphic Evidence of Poor Salivary Function in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chia-Hung Kao, Shih-Chuan Tsai, Shung-Shung Sun
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

In type 2 diabetes, a high prevalence of oral problems has been detected. These problems include mouth dryness, an increase in periodontal disease, oral Candida , and swelling of the parotid glands (1). Salivary flow rates have often been found to be significantly reduced in type 2 diabetic patients (2), although these findings have not been confirmed (3). Scintigraphic changes correlate well with salivary gland abnormalities (4) and histopathological changes (5). This technique has gained widespread acceptance in evaluating a variety of salivary glandular disorders (6,7). The aim of the present study was to test whether patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from impaired salivary function using objective and quantitative salivary scintigraphy.

A total of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes for 10 years and 36 healthy age- and sex-matched …
THE ISOLATION OF AN O SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE FROM GASTRIC JUICE OF SECRETORS AND CARBOHYDRATE-LIKE SUBSTANCES FROM GASTRIC JUICE OF NON-SECRETORS
Authors: Ernest Witebsky, Niels C. Klendshoj
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1941)

1. The isolation of a group specific O substance from the gastric juice of human beings belonging to group O is described. Absorbed normal beef serum constitutes the anti-O reagent. 2. The O specific substance inhibits the agglutination of human red blood cells belonging to group O. The agglutination of A cells by the isoagglutinin anti-A, or B cells by the isoagglutinin anti-B, is not influenced by the O substance. 3. The A and B specific substances isolated from human gastric juices inhibit the agglutination of O cells by absorbed normal beef serum, frequently to about the same extent as does the O substance itself. 4. The carbohydrate fraction isolated from the gastric juice of non-secretors belonging to group B does not inhibit the agglutination of human red blood cells of group B by the isoagglutinin anti-B nor the agglutination of O cells by the anti-O reagent. The significance of these findings for the conception of the nature of the blood groups and their inheritance is discussed.
P1040 TENOFOVIR FOR THE PROPHYLAXIS OF HBV REACTIVATION IN ANTI-HBC-POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES TREATED WITH RITUXIMAB: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED STUDY (PREBLIN STUDY)
Authors: M. Buti, R. Morillas, M.L. Manzano, M. García-Retortillo, M.L. Gutiérrez, L. Martín, M. Prieto, E. Suárez, F. Gea, M. Rodríguez, J.M. Zozaya, J. López, M. Gómez, M.Á. Simón, L.E. Morano, A. Pardo, R. Esteban
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Effect of temperature on digital systolic pressures in lower limb in arterial disease.
Authors: A M Sawka, S A Carter
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Toe pressures correlate with the chances of healing of skin lesions and with the risk of amputation and mortality. They are not affected by incompressibility of the tibial vessels, which may render ankle pressures inaccurate and reflect the overall arterial obstruction down to the digits. Digital pressures, however, may be affected by temperature. METHODS AND RESULTS Measurements under routine laboratory conditions were compared with those at controlled temperatures in 77 limbs with arteriosclerosis obliterans. The desired local temperatures were attained by perfusing water through the cuffs for 7 minutes before the measurements while the flow was interrupted by a tourniquet to allow equilibration of the toe and water temperatures. Mean toe pressure of 34 +/- 4 mm Hg at 10 degrees C was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than the values during routine measurements (57 +/- 4 mm Hg) and at 30 degrees C (69 +/- 4 mm Hg). The pressure at 30 degrees C was 10 +/- 3 mm Hg higher than during routine measurements when initial digit temperature was below 30 degrees C (p less than 0.01) but not when it was higher. Measurements at 3 degrees C increments from 27 degrees C to 39 degrees C showed progressive increase in pressure (p less than 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Pressures at 36 degrees C and 39 degrees C were the highest but were not significantly different from each other. When toe temperature is low under routine conditions, the measured pressure may be falsely low, probably because of an effect on the main digital arteries that leads to delayed opening during deflation of the cuffs. Measurements at warm local temperature will increase the accuracy of the assessment of the severity of the arterial obstruction and may improve prediction of spontaneous healing of skin lesions.