tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of fluticasone propionate on sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Authors: C G Llewellyn-Jones, T A Harris, R A Stockley
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The effects of fluticasone propionate (FP) on sputum chemotactic activity, elastase inhibitory potential, albumin concentrations, and peripheral neutrophil function were studied in a group of patients with clinically stable, smoking-related chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Seventeen patients (50 to 75 yr of age) were entered into a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 1.5 mg inhaled FP/d for 8 wk. Following treatment with FP the chemotactic activity of the sputum sol phase was lower than the corresponding values for the placebo group (p < 0.01). Values fell from a mean of 21.75 (+/- 1.58) during the run-in period to 18.37 (+/- 1.46; p < 0.01) after 4 wk and 17.63 (+/- 1.86; p < 0.05) after 8 wk treatment returning to 22.08 (+/- 1.26) cell/field after the washout period. The neutrophil elastase inhibitory capacity of the sputum sol phase increased (p < 0.025) with treatment from a mean of 0.177 microM elastase inhibited/L (+/- 0.05) pretreatment to 0.413 microM (+/- 0.054) after 4 wk and 0.415 microM (+/- 0.054) after 8 wk returning to 0.270 microM (+/- 0.07) after the washout period. Treatment with FP did not result in a change in the peripheral neutrophil functions studied or sputum albumin and myeloperoxidase concentrations. The results suggest that FP may play a protective role in these patients through a reduction in the chemotactic activity of lung secretions and potentially a reduction in the recruitment of neutrophils to the lung, and also by directly affecting the proteinase/antiproteinase balance, in favor of antiproteinases, within lung secretions.
Maternal rectal temperature and fetal heart rate responses to upright cycling in late pregnancy.
Authors: M E O'Neill
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE--To assess maternal rectal temperature and fetal heart rate responses to dynamic exercise. METHODS--11 healthy women with low risk pregnancies completed three separate upright cycling tests at 34 to 37 weeks gestation: 15 min at 62.5 W (mean maternal heart rate [MHR] 138 beats.min-1 (test A); 15 min at 87.5 W (MHR 156 beats.min-1) (test B); and 30 min at 62.5 W (MHR 142 beats.min-1) (test C). Rectal temperature and fetal heart rate were measured. RESULTS--Mean temperature increase after tests B and C [by 0.4(SD 0.1) degrees C] was greater than after test A [0.2(0.1) degrees C] (P &lt; 0.001). Fetal heart rate, measured in the recovery period immediately after exercise, increased significantly only after tests B and C (P &lt; 0.01). Exercise related changes in temperature and fetal heart rate weakly correlated in tests B (P &lt; 0.02) and C (P &lt; 0.01). CONCLUSIONS--Temperature and fetal heart rate changes were more marked after higher intensity (test B) or longer duration exercise (test C) compared with moderate exercise, but none of the tests caused adverse fetal heart rate changes (decrease in accelerations, bradycardia, or decelerations) or individual temperatures above 38 degrees C.
Combination Chemotherapy of Acute Leukemia and Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Emil Frei
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The best single agent for the treatment of acute leukemia in adults is cytarabine hydrochloride. Intermittent treatment with this agent is superior to daily treatment in experimental systems. A quantitative study was performed in 136 adults with acute leukemia wherein patients were randomly allocated to two treatments: (1) five-day courses of intravenous administration at 150 mg/sq m/day every two to three weeks, and (2) two-day courses of intravenous administration at a dose of 400 mg/sq m/day every two weeks. The five-day course resulted in a 38% complete remission rate which was significantly superior to the two-day course. In pilot studies, the tolerated doses of five days of cytarabine hydrochloride in combination with cyclophosphamide and subsequently with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (the COAP program) were established. Following this, a quantitative study was performed in 121 patients comparing five-day courses of cytarabine hydrochloride with five-day courses of COAP. Courses were given every
Captopril and Glomerulitis
Authors: P.H. Chandrasekar, R. Cushing
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1990Captopril and GlomerulitisP.H. Chandrasekar, MD, R. Cushing, MDP.H. Chandrasekar, MDSearch for more papers by this author, R. Cushing, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-7-550_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Adverse renal effects of captopril, as listed in the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR-1989), do not include microscopic hematuria and hemoglobin casts. Recently, one of the authors (P.H.C.) developed these urinary abnormalities while taking the drug.In May 1989, P.H.C. (41-year-old, previously healthy man), on a routine physical examination, was diagnosed with essential hypertension and placed on captopril therapy. With a 25-mg dose twice daily, P.H.C.'s blood pressure was easily controlled. Since the initiation of captopril therapy, P.H.C. noted increased urinary frequency, gradual weight loss, and easy fatiguability. Complete blood count and urinalysis were within normal limits. The...References1. RosendorffMilneLevyNininLewin CFHDJ. Nephrotic syndrome during captopril therapy. S Afr Med J 1980;58:172-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SturgillSherlock BK. Membranous glomerulopathy and nephrotic syndrome after captopril therapy. JAMA. 1983;250:2343-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. . Does Captopril cause renal damage in hypertensive patients? Lancet. 1982;1:988-90. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. RomankiewiczBrogdenHeelSpeightAvery JRRTG. Captopril: an updated review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in congestive heart failure. Drugs. 1983;25:6-40. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. McEvoy G, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, Maryland: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists; 1989:781. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: P.H. Chandrasekar, MD; R. Cushing, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcceptability of perindopril in mild-to-moderate chronic congestive heart failureAntihypertensive drugsCorrection: Letter on Captopril and Glomerulitis 1 April 1990Volume 112, Issue 7Page: 550-550KeywordsBlood pressureComplete blood countDrugsGlomerulonephritisHemoglobinHypertensionWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Changes in myocardial repolarization in patients undergoing balloon valvuloplasty for congenital pulmonary stenosis: evidence for contraction-excitation feedback in humans.
Authors: J H Levine, T Guarnieri, A H Kadish, R I White, H Calkins, J S Kan
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Alterations in ventricular loading conditions lead to changes in action potential duration and arrhythmias via contraction-excitation feedback; a decrease in load leads to prolongation of repolarization. To determine whether changes in right ventricular load alter ventricular repolarization in man, the corrected QT interval, a measure of overall ventricular repolarization, was measured in 32 patients before and after valvuloplasty for pulmonary stenosis. Right ventricular systolic pressure decreased (82.5 +/- 30.7 to 40.5 +/- 9.5 mm Hg, p less than .001) and the QTc increased concurrently (409.1 +/- 24.3 to 440.7 +/- 28.0 msec, p less than .001) after successful valvuloplasty. The increase in QTc was most marked for those patients with a greater than 30 mm Hg decrease in right ventricular pressure (40.0 +/- 23.3 vs 16.3 +/- 21.3 msec, p = .006). In a subset of seven patients in whom monophasic action potentials were recorded, monophasic action potential duration, a measure of local repolarization, was prolonged (230.0 +/- 24.3 vs 216.9 +/- 21.9, p less than .001) after successful valvuloplasty, confirming that the QTc prolongation reflected changes in local ventricular repolarization. In addition, during nine acute right ventricular outflow tract occlusions in a subset of six patients, monophasic action potential duration shortened (206.6 +/- 17.6 vs 221.7 +/- 20.9 msec, p less than .01) and early afterdepolarizations developed consistent with contraction-excitation feedback. These data suggest that, in humans, changes in mechanical load are associated with changes in ventricular repolarization consistent with contraction-excitation feedback.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: side effects and quality of life.
Authors: B V Palmer, G A Walsh, J A McKinna, W P Greening
Journal: BMJ (1980)

In a trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy women with primary breast cancer and spread to one or more axillary nodes were randomised to receive a six-month course of either the single agent chlorambucil or the five-drug combination of chlorambucil, methotrexate, fluorouracil, vincristine, and adriamycin. On completing the treatment 47 patients were asked to fill in questionnaires at home on the side effects of treatment and its influence on the quality of their life. Side effects including nausea, vomiting, malaise, and alopecia had been severe enough to interfere with their lifestyle in 9 (42%) of the patients who had received the single agent and 19 (79%) of those who had received multiple-drug treatment. Various other side effects were reported by a few patients. Seven (29%) of the patients who had received the multiple-drug schedule voluntarily added that the treatment had been "unbearable" or "could never be gone though again." The proportion of patients who had experienced severe side effects while receiving the treatment was considerable; hence such adjuvant chemotherapy is justifiable only if it will substantially improve a patient's prognosis.
Treatment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced enteropathy.
Authors: I Bjarnason, N Hopkinson, G Zanelli, P Prouse, P Smethurst, J M Gumpel, A J Levi
Journal: Gut (1990)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced small intestinal inflammation may have an adverse effect on the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We therefore assessed small intestinal and joint inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis before and after three to nine months' treatment with sulphasalazine (n = 40) and other second line drugs (n = 20), while keeping the dosage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug at the same level. Sulphasalazine significantly decreased the mean (SD) faecal excretion of 111indium labelled leucocytes from 2.39 (2.22)% to 1.33 (1.13)% (normal less than 1%, p less than 0.01) and improved the joint inflammation as assessed by a variety of parameters. There was no significant correlation between the effects of sulphasalazine treatment on the intestine and the joints. Treatment with other second line drugs had no significant effect on the faecal excretion of 111indium (1.58 (1.04)% and 1.86 (1.51)%, respectively) but improved joint inflammation significantly. The lack of correlation between the intestinal and joint inflammation and their response to treatment suggests that the two are not causally related.
Rational Suicide: No Longer 'Crazy'?
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

RATIONAL SUICIDE tends to be described as either a right or an oxymoron. The medical community has long taken the latter view, officially condemning any physician who helps a terminally ill patient end his or her suffering by any other than natural means. Yet that may be changing. See also pp 870, 874, and 875. In Michigan, the state medical society this year officially took the position of having no position on physician-assisted suicide, saying that it is "not possible to develop a single, consensual statement." The issue has urgency there because of several suicides assisted in the state by Jack Kevorkian, MD, and a new state law that makes physician-assisted suicide a felony. The issue is also being discussed with renewed vigor nationwide, with proposals to legalize physician-assisted suicide narrowly defeated last year in Washington and California. Ambivalence is evident even in the American Association of Suicidology (AAS), an
PELLAGRA: SOME FACTS IN ITS EPIDEMI OLOGY
Authors: R. M. GRIMM
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The purpose of this article is to present a few facts in the epidemiology of pellagra. These facts pertain to 323 cases of pellagra which were seen by me during the summers of 1911 and 1912 while engaged in the pellagra field-work undertaken by the United States Public Health Service. The object of this field-work was primarily to collect data which would show the character of the home environment of the pellagrins and the nature of the conditions under which the disease was developing; in short, to make a study of the disease from the standpoint of hygiene. It was thought that information bearing on these points, in a large series of cases, might be of some value in indicating a direction for some line of investigation which might possibly lead toward the discovery of the cause of the disease, or of a method of its transmission. With these points
Long-term clinical events following creatine kinase–myocardial band isoenzyme elevation after successful coronary stenting
Authors: Jorge F Saucedo, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Mun K Hong, Alexandra Lansky, Kenneth M Kent, Lowell F Satler, Augusto D Pichard, Gregg W Stone, Martin B Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Role of State Attorneys General in Health Policy
Authors: Lainie Rutkow, Stephen P. Teret
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pneumatosis Cystoides Coli: A Rare Complication of Colonoscopy
Authors: M. Heer, J. Altorfer, M. Pirovino, M. Schmid
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

A case of colonic pneumatosis cystoides intestinales (PCI) which occurred three days after a routine colonoscopy is presented. A review of the literature revealed only two other cases of PCI following colonoscopy. The close temporal association to the colonoscopy supports the mechanical hypothesis as the probably mechanism leading to intramural PCI.
Calories and Lifespan
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Absence of the Seventh Component of Complement in a Patient with Chronic Meningococcemia Presenting as Vasculitis
Authors: ELAINE M. ADAMS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

A previously healthy 40-year-old man presenting with fever, arthritis, and cutaneous vasculitis was found to have chronic meningococcemia. Evaluation of his complement system showed an absence of functional and antigenic C7, compatible with a complete deficiency of the seventh component of complement. Study of the patient's family spanning four generations showed heterozygous deficiency of C7 in five members. Chronic neisserial infection can be associated with C7 deficiency and must be distinguished from other causes of cutaneous vasculitis.
Laboratory and clinical aspects of inherited thrombotic disorders
Authors: George M. Rodgers, Wayne L. Chandler
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract The laboratory evaluation of patients with recurrent thrombosis is frequently frustrating, with a low diagnostic yield obtained despite extensive testing. The likelihood of reaching a diagnosis in these patients can be increased by considering diagnostic possibilities usually overlooked and by using assays optimal for their detection. This review summarizes clinical and laboratory issues important in inherited thrombotic disease and discusses practical aspects and a strategy for laboratory testing. New information is provided on the fibrinolytic disorders that may be a common cause of recurrent thrombosis. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SCHIZOPHRENIC SYNDROMES AS FRUSTRATION REACTIONS
Authors: J. M. NIELSEN, GEORGE N. THOMPSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

1. While there are many well-known frustration reactions which the authors fully accept as already demonstrated, a schizophrenic reaction may also be a result of frustration. 2. In schizophrenic frustration reactions, recovery from the syndrome may be obtained simply and quickly by helping the patient to overcome the obstacle or by aiding in sublimation. 3. If neither of these courses is possible a chronic deteriorating schizophrenia may result from frustration. 4. Not all schizophrenic syndromes are necessarily the disease schizophrenia.
Significance of (sub)clinical thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity before conception and in early pregnancy: a systematic review
Authors: Emmy van den Boogaard, Rosa Vissenberg, Jolande A. Land, Madelon van Wely, Joris A.M. van der Post, Mariette Goddijn, Peter H. Bisschop
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2011)

Thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity are prevalent among women of reproductive age and are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Preconception or early pregnancy screening for thyroid dysfunction has been proposed but is not widely accepted. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the clinical significance of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity before conception and in early pregnancy.Relevant studies were identified by searching Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register.From a total of 14 208 primary selected titles, 43 articles were included for the systematic review and 38 were appropriate for meta-analyses. No articles about hyperthyroidism were selected. Subclinical hypothyroidism in early pregnancy, compared with normal thyroid function, was associated with the occurrence of pre-eclampsia [odds ratio (OR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.6] and an increased risk of perinatal mortality (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.6-4.7). In the meta-analyses, the presence of thyroid antibodies was associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0), miscarriage (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.8-7.6), recurrent miscarriage (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5-3.5), preterm birth (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.5) and maternal post-partum thyroiditis (OR 11.5, 95% CI 5.6-24) when compared with the absence of thyroid antibodies.Pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism or thyroid antibodies have an increased risk of complications, especially pre-eclampsia, perinatal mortality and (recurrent) miscarriage. Future research, within the setting of clinical trials, should focus on the potential health gain of identification, and effect of treatment, of thyroid disease on pregnancy outcome.
The Case | A crystal-clear diagnosis: acute kidney injury in a patient with suspected meningoencephalitis
Authors: Cedric Rafat, Jean-Philippe Haymann, Stéphane Gaudry, Vincent Labbé, Romain Miguel-Montanes, Nicolas Dufour, Michel Daudon, Didier Dreyfuss, Jean-Damien Ricard
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
A CASE OF CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF THE RIGHT LEG
Authors: F. J. Barkman
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The mother of this child, aged 22, was one of a family of six children, all of whom are living and well. She weighed 145 pounds (66 Kg.) and was strong, healthy and well nourished. Her past history was entirely negative. The father, aged 26, was a member of a family of five children, all of whom are living and well. He weighed 140 pounds (64 Kg.) and had always been well and strong. The Kahn (and Wassermann) reaction was normal in both parents.  The pregnancy was normal except for severe vomiting of pregnancy at the end of the third month. This was controlled by hospitalization, treatment with intravenous dextrose and with diet. The remaining days of the prenatal care were uneventful.  The mother went into labor about 4 a. m. Severe bleeding began and after examination a diagnosis of placenta praevia marginalis and breech presentation was made. Under chloroform
Long-term Outcome of Patients With Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding Investigated by Double-Balloon Endoscopy
Authors: Satoshi Shinozaki, Hironori Yamamoto, Tomonori Yano, Keijiro Sunada, Tomohiko Miyata, Yoshikazu Hayashi, Masayuki Arashiro, Kentaro Sugano
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
Evolutionary dynamics of tandem repeats in the mitochondrial DNA control region of the minnow Cyprinella spiloptera
Authors: R. E. Broughton, T. E. Dowling
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

Length variation due to tandem repeats is now recognized as a common feature of animal mitochondrial DNA; however, the evolutionary dynamics of repeated sequences are not well understood. Using phylogenetic analysis, predictions of three models of repeat evolution were tested for arrays of 260-bp repeats in the cyprinid fish Cyprinella spiloptera. Variation at different nucleotide positions in individual repeats supported different models of repeat evolution. One set of characters included several nucleotide variants found in all copies from a limited number of individuals, while the other set included an 8-bp deletion found in a limited number of copies in all individuals. The deletion and an associated nucleotide change appear to be the result of a deterministic, rather than stochastic, mutation process. Parallel origins of repeat arrays in different mitochondrial lineages, possibly coupled with a homogenization mechanism, best explain the distribution of nucleotide variation.