tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development of Stable Film Test for Rapid Estimation of Blood or Plasma 3-Hydroxybutyrate
Authors: Yutaka Harano, Takahiko Aoki, Yuzuru Nakajima, Hideto Kojima, Keisuke Kosugi, Aki Harano, Hideki Hidaka, Shigeki Yamada, Shizuo Uno, Yukio Shigeta
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

A film test for the rapid detection of plasma/serum 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) has been developed. The film contains NAD, nitro blue tetrazolium, 3-OHB dehydrogenase, and diaphorase, and the surface is coated with modified biomembrane and can detect 50- 1500 μM 3-OHB within 2–3 min. One drop or 50 μl of plasma/serum or blood is applied to the film, and the violet color is read via reflectance meter after 2 min. Plasma/serum samples &amp;gt;1500 μM 3-OHB can be measured by dilution with saline. In blood with 40% hematocrit, the color developed is 50% less than with plasma/serum, and this was adjusted in the reflectance meter. A good correlation (r = 0.99) was observed between results with automated and film methods and between visual methods and reflectance meter. In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, all 3 subjects with positive ketonuria (+ +), 8 of 12 subjects with mild ketonuria (+), and 7 of 25 subjects without ketonuria exhibited elevation of 3-OHB in blood &amp;gt;200 μM. The results indicate that 3-OHB film is valuable not only in the emergency room for the differential diagnosis between ketoacidotic and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma but also as a marker for insulin dependency, energy dependency on fatty acid compared with glucose, and metabolic control of diabetes.
Journal Title Changes
Authors: J. W. Schoones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

ExcerptTo the editors:Edward J. Huth noted that: "the title of a journal should not be changed without careful justification . . ." (1). At times, there are compelling reasons to change a journai title. For instance, the decline in the number of cases of tuberculosis led the editors of theAmerican Review of Tuberculosisto change the title three times in 7 years "to avoid being left without a disease" (2). Also, more recently, the development of radiology in the last decades caused the Scandinavian journal Acta Radiologica to "metastasize." This journal was remodeled and became two journals: Acta...
Priorities in Professional Ethics and Social Policy for Human Genetics
Authors: Eric T. Juengst
Journal: JAMA (1991)

According to a recent Congressional Office of Technology Assessment survey,<sup>1</sup>genetic testing by employers for the purposes of excluding individuals from particular jobs remains rare. This should not be surprising. As the current report<sup>2</sup>of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association points out, the potential of such tests as exclusionary screens will always be restricted by the limits that the uncertainties of genetic penetrance and expressivity impose on the tests' predictive power. These confounding biological variables will be greatest precisely with the common, causally complicated, economically significant health problems that concern employers the most.<sup>3</sup>Moreover, according to at least some of its congressional supporters, the recently enacted Americans With Disabilities Act is intended in part to prohibit employers from using exclusionary non-job-related genetic tests, including tests for genetic risk and gene carrier status.<sup>4</sup>Any dramatic increase in workplace genetic screening
Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of live attenuated Vibrio cholerae 0139 vaccine prototype
Authors: K.P. Killeen, D.T. Beattie, D.R. Spriggs, M.K. Waldor, J.J. Mekalanos, T.S. Coster, J.R. Kenner, A. Trofa, J.C. Sadoff, D.N. Taylor
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
LATE OPEN FOR INFARCT-RELATED ARTERY STILL WORK BETTER THAN NOT FOR PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A 15-YEAR SURVIVAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Ta-Chen Su, Ming-Fong Chen, Juey-Jen Hwang, Tsun-Den Tseng, Hsian-Li Kao, Yuan-Teh Lee, Chiau-Suong Liau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Aneurism of the Abdominal Aorta, Simulating Disease of the Kidney: Rupture into the Lumbar Adipose Tissue
Authors: G. Norman
Journal: BMJ (1847)

ANEURISM OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA.subsequeat to the attack, (as accidents,) generally in- creasing the danger.Each required its appropriate treat- inent.The first demanded the exercise of tnuch patience.Disregarding any complaints of weakness, the question for our consideration was not the relative strength and weakness of the patient, but the control of morbid action, and the inducing of healthy functions.The reduction of the animal powers, and the absorption of adipose tissue, is a matter of little moment, when compared with the importance of relieving local con- gestion, or local affections ana!ogous to inflammation.For instance, when the complaint assumed the form of typhus cerebralis, the application of a few leeches to the temples became necessary.Sometimes in
Treating swimmer's ear
Authors: B. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Fungi cause some of the vilest and most recalcitrant of all human infections. They also give rise to a wide range of less dramatic conditions that are virtually untreatable—either because appropriate drugs do not exist or because antifungal agents cannot be delivered on site in the requisite concentration. One such is otomycosis, a form of external otitis caused by fungi growing on shed skin in the ear canal. Preparations are available to treat the condition, but they have serious limitations.

Now, from the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, comes news of …
Book: Handhelds for Doctors
Authors: A. Harrison
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Mohammad Al-Ubaydli Idiopathic Publishing, £20/$30, pp 144 ISBN 0 9544157 0 1 For ordering details, see http://www.handheldsfordoctors.com/book/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> For the first year after buying a Handspring handheld computer, I never used it and thought that I had wasted my money. However, when I started as a surgical house officer it became a useful tool, allowing me to dispense with paper patient lists and avoid the tedious task of continually having to print up to date versions. Conveniently it also holds my hospital telephone numbers. At first I tried using a specialised medical program, … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
A 38 year old woman with hypotensive shock at the onset of menstruation: case presentation
Authors: S. Serrano Villar, J. Perez-Somarriba, T. Sainz Costa, S. Winstanley, T. Santillana Lopez, L. Escribano Mora, B. Orejas Gonzalez
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Mrs Barroso, a 38 year old woman, collapsed while working in our hospital laundry. She was transferred to the emergency department unconscious and hypotensive with no known cause. Her temperature was 36.1°C, respiratory rate 18 per minute, and blood pressure 50/35 mmHg. She had a sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 118 beats per minute and a weak pulse. Her oxygen saturation was 91% on supplemental oxygen. …
The Possible Thymoleptic Effect of the Lithium Ion
Authors: SAMUEL GERSHON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The authors discuss the possibility that lithium is effective not only against manic states, where it is therapeutically active, but against recurrent depressions, where it acts prophylactically. If it indeed acts against both the polar manifestations of manic-depressive psychosis it would be in a unique position among the psychotropic drugs and warrant a more specific appellation as a mood normalizer or "thymoleptic" agent.
Arginase inhibition mediates cardioprotection during ischaemia-reperfusion
Authors: C. Jung, A. T. Gonon, P.-O. Sjoquist, J. O. Lundberg, J. Pernow
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

AimsNitric oxide (NO) is vital for the integrity of the cardiovascular system and protection against ischaemic heart disease. Arginase is up-regulated during ischaemia–reperfusion (IR) and this enzyme might compete with NO synthase (NOS) for arginine. The present study investigated whether arginase blockade protects from myocardial IR injury and whether such an effect is coupled to increased NO bioavailability.
Trials should inform structures and processes needed for tailoring interventions
Authors: Jean Macq
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Coordinating care for people with multiple needs is inherently complex as it relies strongly on social dynamics at various levels of the health systems. Designing fruitful regulation policies to make care efficient requires a proper systems analysis for tailoring the care model to the context. The SA HealthPlus trial was original for its ambition to test one coordinated care model for people with multiple needs across different chronic conditions and local healthcare systems in South Australia, and it seems to have been tailored realistically to local services and needs.1 The key elements—targeting patients who need coordinated …
Regular Outpatient Medical and Drug Abuse Care and Subsequent Hospitalization of Persons Who Use Illicit Drugs
Authors: Christine Laine
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Patients and the public could benefit from identification of factors that prevent drug users' heavy reliance on inpatient care; however, optimal health care delivery models for illicit drug users remain ill-defined.To evaluate associations of outpatient medical and drug abuse care with drug users' subsequent hospitalization rates.Retrospective cohort study of data from longitudinally linked claims for all ambulatory physician/clinic services and drug abuse services covered by the New York State Medicaid program.A total of 11 556 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and 46 687 HIV-negative drug users.Hospitalization in federal fiscal year (FFY) 1997 compared by 4 patterns of care in FFY 1996: regular drug abuse care (>/=6 months in 1 program), regular medical care (>35% of care from 1 clinic, group practice, or individual physician), both, or neither.Hospitalization occurred in 55.6% of HIV-positive and 37.5% of HIV-negative drug users, with a mean of 27.5 and 24.5 inpatient days, respectively. In HIV-positive drug users, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for hospitalization was lowest among those with both regular medical and drug abuse care (AOR, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-0.85) followed by those with regular medical care alone (AOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74-0.91) and regular drug abuse care alone (AOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.96) vs those with neither. In HIV-negative drug users, the AOR of hospitalization was lower for those with regular medical and drug abuse care (AOR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.68-0.79), regular drug abuse care alone (AOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.66-0.76), and regular medical care (AOR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.95) vs those with neither. Both types of care showed favorable effects for all but drug abuse-related hospitalizations.Our data indicate that regular drug abuse care with regular medical care for drug users is associated with less subsequent hospitalization.
Periurethral aerobic microflora of pregnant and non-pregnant women.
Authors: I Bollgren, V Vaclavinkova, B Hurvell, G Bergqvist
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Seventy-two pregnant and 88 non-pregnant women were examined to see whether the periurethral region had been colonised with group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae), enterococci, and Gram-negative rods belonging to the Enterobacteriaeceae. A semi-quantitative method was used for periurethral sampling, and paired urethral swabs were also collected to compare the isolation rates of group B streptococci from the two sites and with the two sampling methods. A higher isolation rate was found with periurethral sampling. Most specimens showed no or scanty growth of Gram-negative rods. Pregnancy was often associated with heavy growth of enterococci. Sampling performed during menstruation and while oral contraceptives were being used produced high isolation rates of group B streptococci. These results seem to suggest that the periurethral area might protect against genital colonisation with group B streptococci as it does against urinary tract infection and that hormonal factors influence the carriage of these organisms.
T lymphocytes can be effectively recruited for ex vivo and in vivo lysis of AML blasts by a novel CD33/CD3-bispecific BiTE antibody construct
Authors: M Aigner, J Feulner, S Schaffer, R Kischel, P Kufer, K Schneider, A Henn, B Rattel, M Friedrich, P A Baeuerle, A Mackensen, S W Krause
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Recovery Room Care: Principles and Practice, Design and Equipment, Staffing and Patient Care
Authors: Bernard W. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The information contained in this text is of general interest to those involved with anesthesia, intensive care, and general medicine as well as the care of patients in the recovery room. The text is well organized and easy to read. The early chapters deal with the design of the recovery room, necessary equipment, the managing and staffing of the recovery room, and the delegation of authority therein. Each dovetails into the next with some repetition, which the editors felt was necessary to maintain continuity of thought. Later chapters cover specific problems that may be encountered during the care of a patient in the recovery period. The information is succinct, and pertinent tables and graphs are used to illustrate the points under discussion. The diagnosis and management of problems dealing with ventilation, circulation, and fluid replacement are covered, as well as the special care of the cardiac, neurosurgical, and pediatric patient.
EFFECT OF CANDESARTAN WITH PIOGLITAZONE ON CORONARY ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND VASCULAR INFLAMMATION IN PORCINE CORONARY ARTERIES IMPLANTED WITH SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS
Authors: Tomotaka Dohi, Katsumi Miyauchi, Ryo Tsuruta, Naozumi Kubota, Takatoshi Kasai, Takhumi Iesaki, Hiroyuki Daida
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test in the identification of latent tuberculosis infection in immigrants
Authors: Anna C.C. Carvalho, Maria Chiara Pezzoli, Issa El-Hamad, Patricia Arce, Sara Bigoni, Carmelo Scarcella, Anna Maria Indelicato, Carla Scolari, Giampiero Carosi, Alberto Matteelli
Journal: Journal of Infection (2007)
Prediction of Pulmonary Function After Resection of Primary Lung Cancer
Authors: TAKEYOSHI IMAEDA, MASAYUKI KANEMATSU, SHUICHI ASADA, MATSUZO SEKI, EISUKE MATSUI, HIDETAKA DOI, SATOSHI SAKAI, MITSUHARU KOKUBO, HAJIME HIROSE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

To help determine whether preoperative perfusion and inhalation SPECT imagings are useful in predicting postoperative lung function, Tc-99m MAA perfusion SPECT imaging, CT scans, and pulmonary function tests were prospectively performed in 33 patients with primary lung cancer before and after lobectomy or pneumonectomy. Tc-99m Technegas inhalation SPECT imaging was performed in 6 of 33 patients as well. The authors also studied changes in radioactivity on the operated and nonoperated sides before and after surgery, examined the lowest limit value for adaptability to the operation, and made a comparison of both perfusion and inhalation SPECT imaging. The predicted postoperative values obtained from the preoperative Tc-99m MAA SPECT images correlated more closely with the measured 6-month postoperative values than with the measured 3-month postoperative values. The highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.86) was observed between the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) value and the measured 6-month postoperative FVC value. In many cases, there was not a great difference between the 6-month and 3-month radioactivity on the operated side obtained from Tc-99m MAA SPECT images. This appears to indicate that pulmonary blood flow on the operated side has completely recovered by 3 months after surgery. However, radioactivity in both the upper and lower lobes of the nonoperated side increased soon after surgery compared with that before the operation, and had not returned to preoperative levels 6 months after surgery. The radioactivity in the right middle lobe did not change before and after surgery. The lowest limit value for adaptability to the operation was estimated to be 1.1 L for FVC and 900 ml for forced expiratory volume (FEV)1.0. The predicted values obtained from both perfusion and inhalation SPECT studies closely approximated each other, making it difficult to determine which SPECT imaging was superior.
Role of nuclear progesterone receptor isoforms in uterine pathophysiology
Authors: B. Patel, S. Elguero, S. Thakore, W. Dahoud, M. Bedaiwy, S. Mesiano
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2014)

BACKGROUNDProgesterone is a key hormonal regulator of the female reproductive system. It plays a major role to prepare the uterus for implantation and in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Actions of progesterone on the uterine tissues (endometrium, myometrium and cervix) are mediated by the combined effects of two progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, designated PR-A and PR-B. Both receptors function primarily as ligand-activated transcription factors. Progesterone action on the uterine tissues is qualitatively and quantitatively determined by the relative levels and transcriptional activities of PR-A and PR-B. The transcriptional activity of the PR isoforms is affected by specific transcriptional coregulators and by PR post-translational modifications that affect gene promoter targeting. In this context, appropriate temporal and cell-specific expression and function of PR-A and PR-B are critical for normal uterine function.
Usefulness of Medical Conferences
Authors: Matijs van Meurs, L. Marion Dijkema, Jan G. Zijlstra
Journal: JAMA (2012)

clinical trial of high-dose epinephrine and norepinephrine vs standard-dose epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 1992;268(19):2667-2672. 3. Kellermann AL, Hackman BB, Somes G. Predicting the outcome of unsuccessful prehospital advanced cardiac life support. JAMA. 1993;270(12):1433-1436. 4. Gum PA, Thamilarasan M, Watanabe J, Blackstone EH, Lauer MS. Aspirin use and all-cause mortality among patients being evaluated for known or suspected coronary artery disease: a propensity analysis. JAMA. 2001;286(10):11871194.
The aminopyrine breath test does not correlate with histologic disease severity in patients with cholestasis
Authors: Alfred L. Baker, Patricia S. Krager, Alvin N. Kotake, Dale A. Schoeller
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

To determine whether the aminopyrine breath test can be used to document the presence of cirrhosis in patients with cholestatic liver disease, 19 patients (13 primary biliary cirrhosis, 4 sclerosing cholangitis and 2 chronic extrahepatic bile duct obstruction) underwent clinical and biochemical evaluations, liver biopsies and an aminopyrine breath test. Results were compared with those in 10 patients with biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis with bridging and/or cirrhosis and in 22 healthy subjects. The aminopyrine breath test results in the 10 cholestatic patients with cirrhosis were not significantly different from the results in precirrhotic cholestatic patients (mean ± S.D., 11.2 ± 5.0 vs. 11.6 ± 2.8 %dose per 2 hr, p &lt; 0.05) or healthy subjects (11.5 ± 2.9 %dose per 2 hr). In contrast, the results in the patients with chronic hepatitis were markedly depressed (3.2 ± 1.9 %dose per 2 hr, p &lt; 0.05). The aminopyrine breath test results did not correlate with results of conventional liver function tests in the cholestatic patients. These results demonstrate that the aminopyrine breath test is not clinically useful in identifying the presence of cirrhosis in patients with cholestatic liver disease, and provide further evidence that decreased microsomal enzyme function is a late feature of cholestatic liver disease.
Leptin, a possible cause for regulatory T cell loss in fatty liver?
Authors: Dechun Feng, Feng Zhou, Chuanfeng Wu
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

We read with interest the article by Ma et al. on how a high-fat diet reduced regulatory T cells (Tregs) in liver and influenced susceptibility to endotoxin-induced liver injury.1 This interesting finding may also explain a previous report on increased sensitivity in mice with fatty liver to concanavalin A–induced hepatitis.2 The authors attributed the mechanism of Treg loss to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Recently, several agents were found that regulate Treg survival and function. Among them, leptin, a neuroendocrine and immune mediator,3 acts as a negative signal for the proliferation of Tregs.4 The suppressive effect of leptin on Tregs was mediated by the modulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 (p27kip1) levels and phosphorylation of extracellular-related kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2. Serum leptin levels can be considered as a signal to the body of its energy reserves.5 Previous studies have clearly shown that serum leptin levels correlate directly with the severity of hepatic steatosis.6 Therefore, based on these findings, it will be interesting and important to verify the role elevated leptin levels play in Treg loss in mice with fatty livers. In addition, a significant increase of the percentage of peripheral Tregs was observed in mice with a genetic deficiency of leptin (ob/ob mice).4 One of the most prominent phenotypes of ob/ob mice was fatty liver. So, further research should be carried out to determine the percentage of Tregs in liver of ob/ob mice. These studies will improve our knowledge about the interaction between hepatocytes and immune cells in the liver. Dechun Feng*, Feng Zhou , Chuanfeng Wu*, * Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiaotong, University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, School of Life Science, China, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
AN IMPROVED BLOOD CULTURE TECHNIC
Authors: Edward F. Lane
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The use of anticoagulants in blood culture work is by no means new. Ammonium and sodium oxalate, and sodium citrate and chloride have all had their proponents, and some if not all of these substances are still widely used in either the solid or the dissolved form.  Manheims and McGrath 1 have shown that sodium citrate solutions up to a certain percentage are not inhibitory to the growth of organisms, and Colebrook and Storer 2 have shown that powdered sodium citrate is inhibitory.  I have used the technic given here for the past five years. During the first two years of that time, a large number of cases were controlled either by using half of the 10 cc. of blood drawn for the citrate method or by using a larger syringe and collecting twice the amount of blood, the second half in each case being used for the standard technic. In
Sulphasalazine therapy in RA.
Authors: R S Amos, D E Bax, M S Greaves
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

seen, but for the majority of patients the slight reduction in longevity is in no way equivalent to that in the lymphomas.While we may anguish over the ravaging and debilitating aspects of this disease, I do not think this justifies, at the
METHYLENE BLUE AS ANTIDOTE FOR CYANIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
Authors: J. C. Geiger
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the cyanide article which appeared inThe Journal, Dec. 3, 1932, it has been suggested that we did not give sufficient credit to the work of Matilda M. Brooks of the University of California, although her work was mentioned in the references. Therefore, I would appreciate your publishing this letter. I have a high regard for the author and the type of work that has been done. Furthermore, the statement was made by Dr. Brooks in the article in the<i>Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine</i>(<b>29</b>: 1228 [June] 1932) that from the experimental work methylene blue could be applied as an antidote of poisoning of human beings from cyanide ("It is suggested that methylene blue injections could be used advantageously in cases of HCN or CO poisoning").