tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Congenital heart disease in adults. A new cardiovascular subspecialty.
Authors: J K Perloff
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Advances in diagnostic methods and in the surgical and medical care of infants and children with congenital heart disease have resulted in one of the most successful rehabilitation programs that medicine has witnessed.1'2In the United States alone, there are presently between 500,000 and 600,000 adults with congenital heart disease.Each year, about 20,000 open operations for congenital heart disease (an approximate minimum) are performed in the United States (personal communication, 1990, Dr. Peter Einstein, Assistant Pro- fessor of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Ten- nessee).Of an estimated 25,000 infants currently born with congenital malformations of the heart and circulation, over 85% will reach adulthood.The heavy investments in time and resources needed to accomplish these results should now be matched with a similar dedication to the adolescent and adult with congenital heart disease.Potential subspecialty pro- fessional resources (1989 figures) include 884 board- certified pediatric cardiologists, too few to cope with the patient load of adults with congenital heart disease even if all 884 were committed to do so, and 12,119 board-certified medical cardiologists, only a small minority of whom have knowledge of, interest in, or responsibility for adults with congenital cardiac malformations.23 Congenital heart disease in adults is still a largely unrecognized subspecialty but is emerging as a discipline that requires special expertise.The adult congenital heart disease patient popula- tion includes those who have never undergone car- diac surgery, those who have undergone cardiac surgery and require no further operation, those who have had palliation with or without anticipation of reparative surgery, and those who are inoperable apart from organ transplantation.The following re- marks deal broadly with what this new area of cardiovascular interest presently comprises: multidis- ciplinary facilities for comprehensive care, survival patterns (natural and postoperative), medical consid- erations, surgical considerations, and postoperative residua and sequelae.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FAMILY HISTORY
Authors: E. Goodall
Journal: BMJ (1930)

Bumsu 41 in still fe-wer was it exactly at the pylorus.Theie is verve rarely a difficulty in discovering exactly where a coni- str-ictinlg ulcer lies.In Table VII the results of test miieals are stated: lhyperchlorhydria was presenit in 80.5 per cenit., a close approximation to the coniditions i-n duodenal ulcer,
Preoperative Clinical Evaluation of the Cardiac Patient for Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Monty M. Bodenheimer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 April 1997Preoperative Clinical Evaluation of the Cardiac Patient for Noncardiac SurgeryMonty M. Bodenheimer, MDMonty M. Bodenheimer, MDLong Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-7-199704010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I fully agree with Dr. Topf that clinical skills are fundamental to deciding when to do noncardiac surgery in patients with several illnesses. The issue of perioperative ischemia and its significance is more complex. The paradigm I propose is to divide patients having noncardiac surgery into two groups. The first group includes patients with angina on minimal exertion or a syndrome suggesting ruptured coronary plaque. In the former, myocardial blood flow, although sufficient at rest or with minimal exertion, cannot increase adequately during the added stress of noncardiac surgery. In the latter case, the added stress can cause ...References1. Fleisher LA, Eagle KA. Screening for cardiac disease in patients having noncardiac surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:767-72. Google Scholar2. Eagle KA, Brundage BH, Chaitman BR, Ewy GA, Fleisher LA, Hertzer NR, et al. Guidelines for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation for noncardiac surgery. Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Committee on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996; 27:910-48. Google Scholar3. Bodenheimer MM. Risk stratification in coronary disease: a contrary viewpoint. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 116:927-36. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Oregon Health Plan a ‘Bold Experiment’ that Failed 1 April 1997Volume 126, Issue 7Page: 584KeywordsAnginaCardiac surgeryInfarctionIschemiaMortalityMyocardial infarctionRevascularizationStable coronary artery diseaseSurgeryThrombosis Issue Published: 1 April 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Prospective Comparison of Switches in Biomarker Status between Primary and Recurrent Breast Cancer: The Breast Recurrence in Tissues Study (BRITS).
Authors: LB. Jordan, CA. Purdie, PR. Quinlan, E. Anderson, AM. Thompson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract IntroductionDisease recurrence and metastasis results in morbidity and mortality from breast cancer. In deciding the best therapeutic approaches at the time of recurrence, the molecular phenotype of the original (primary) cancer is often used. However, it is unclear whether the phenotype of the recurrent cancer is unchanged or has evolved from the original primary. Following several retrospective studies, the Breast Recurrence In Tissues Study (BRITS) is the first prospective study to address this clinically important question.MethodsTo detect a clinically significant switch in biomarker status 137 matched primary and recurrent breast cancer tissue samples were prospectively collected (to an estimated 95% confidence with a precision of 5% to detect a switch) from consenting patients and successfully constructed into tissue microarrays (TMA). Central laboratory analysis of ER (clone 6F11, 1:200) PR (clone 16, 1:800) and HER2 (CB11, 1:1200) was performed by two specialist breast pathologists. ER and PR were scored using the Allred method and HER2 status confirmed by FISH for HER2 2+ (primary or metastasis).Results137 women, mean age 62.6 years (range 27-87 years), 83/137 (60.6%) of whom were postmenopausal were successfully examined. For the original primaries, 96/137 (70.1%) were invasive ductal cancer, 17 (12.4%) grade 1, 66 (48.2%) grade 2 and 43 (31.4%) grade 3, mean size of original primary 23.96mm (range 2.0-134.0mm) and 27 (19.7%) multicentric. Lymphovascular invasion was identified in 76/137 (55.5%) and a margin not clear in 18 (13.1%).Time from the original primary to the recurrence biopsy was a median 92.2 months (range 5-327 months), and occurred as locoregional recurrence in 101 (73.7%). The recurrent biopsy was excisional tissue in 100 (73%) and core biopsy in 37 (27%).Central laboratory analysis of the original primary was ER positive in 109 (79.6%), PR positive in 85 (62.0%) and HER2 positive in 14 (10.2%); the recurrent disease was ER positive in 101 (73.7%), PR positive in 75 (54.7%) and HER2 positive in 16 (11.7%). A switch in receptor status, in either direction, was identified for ER in 14 patients (10.2%; p=0.983 Wilcoxon sign rank test), PR in 34 (24.8%; p=0.003 Wilcoxon sign rank test) and HER2 in 4 (2.9%; p=0.074 Wilcoxon sign rank test). In the judgement of the investigators the switch led to a change in the subsequent treatment in 24 patients (17.5%).ConclusionThis prospective study has demonstrated that the management of locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer should include tissue sampling, since switches of ER, PR or HER2 status in the breast cancer recurrence may change the planned treatment for one in six patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4053.
Bortezomib-induced enzyme-targeted radiation therapy in herpesvirus-associated tumors
Authors: De Xue Fu, Yvette Tanhehco, Jianmeng Chen, Catherine A. Foss, James J. Fox, Ja Mun Chong, Robert F. Hobbs, Masashi Fukayama, George Sgouros, Jeanne Kowalski, Martin G. Pomper, Richard F. Ambinder
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Lupus vulgaris of the face associated with lentigo maligna
Authors: Zulema Olazarán, Dr.José Eleuterio González, Maira Herz, Dr.José Eleuterio González, Jorge Ocampo, Dr.José Eleuterio González, Oliverio Welsh, Dr.José Eleuterio González
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)
Rhes, a striatal-enriched small G protein, mediates mTOR signaling and L-DOPA–induced dyskinesia
Authors: Srinivasa Subramaniam, Francesco Napolitano, Robert G Mealer, Seyun Kim, Francesco Errico, Roxanne Barrow, Neelam Shahani, Richa Tyagi, Solomon H Snyder, Alessandro Usiello
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2011)
THE EFFECT OF SALICYLATES ON THE PRECIPITATION OF ANTIGEN WITH ANTIBODY
Authors: Alvin F. Coburn, Eleanor M. Kapp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1943)

1. Sodium salicylate modifies the precipitation of normal rabbit serum protein by sodium tungstate, and partially inhibits the precipitation of horse serum euglobulin by rabbit antiserum. Sodium salicylate added to a system containing crystalline egg albumin and its antibody partly prevents the formation of precipitate, the degree of inhibition being related to the concentration of salicylate. 2. Precipitation in the equivalence zone is more readily prevented by salicylate than precipitation in the region of antibody excess, the immune system becoming progressively less sensitive to the action of salicylate as the excess of antibody becomes larger. 3. Formed precipitates were partly dissolved following resuspension in the presence of salicylate. 4. The salicylate effect on immune precipitation is reversible, and appears to be due to inactivation of antibody. 5. Salicylate was more effective in preventing specific precipitation than other anions of a lyotropic series tested.
Methemoglobinemia in a Hospital Nursery
Authors: Robert O. Fisch
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Eighteen cases of methemoglobinemia occurred among premature and newborn infants in a hospital nursery. Investigation revealed many suspicious anilinecontaining materials, of which trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) seemed the most likely source of toxicity. The outbreak ceased when hospital procedures were modified extensively. Subsequent laboratory tests, made in an effort to determine the specific offending substance, revealed the importance of careful clinical epidemilogical study in dealing with such situations.
Patient groups say they should be involved in all EU funded health projects
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Patients’ organisations have tabled three specific recommendations to enable them to provide greater input into European and national health policies and research programmes.

The proposals, unveiled at a conference organised by the European Patients’ Forum in Gothenburg on 9 and 10 December, are directed at the various European Union institutions and at national governments.

While acknowledging the commitments already made to the rights of patients, the organisations point out that these are largely medical and ethical. They would like rights extended to include participation in decision making and policy development and resulting programmes and projects, helped by …
Characteristics of cytochrome P-450 and mixed function oxidase enzymes following treatment with PBBs.
Authors: J G Dent
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The mixture of PBBs in FireMaster BP-6 has been demonstrated to constitute potent inducers of hepatic and extrahepatic mixed function oxidase (MFO) enzymes. Chronic dietary administration of PBBs to mature female rats results in a "mixed" pattern of induction, with increases in both cytochrome P-450 and P1-450 associated enzymes. Acute administration of PBBs (150 mg/kg IP) to mature female rats resulted in a time-dependent induction of MFO activities; the P-450-dependent enzymes were simulated early (24-48 hr after administration) while the P1-450 dependent enzymes reached maximal activities at later time points. However, studies of the kinetics and patterns of inhibition of the induced enzymes along with gel electrophoresis studies of the microsomal proteins indicate that PBBs may induce different proteins from those induced by the classical P-450 and P1-450 inducers, phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene. In addition, the pattern of enzyme induction caused by PBBs in developing rats differs from that in adults, in that the P1-450-associated enzymes are stimulated prior to the P-450-associated enzymes. The overall pattern of enzyme induction in extrahepatic tissue differs from that seen in the liver and sex differences in enzyme induction have also been demonstrated. As modifications of MFO activity may alter the toxicity of chemicals, these findings suggest that the toxicity of chemicals may be altered in animals exposed to PBBs and that these toxicities may exhibit age, sex, and organ specificities different from those seen in control animals.
Medication Regimen Adherence and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Rita F. Redberg
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

P. Michael Ho, MD, PhD; Anne Lambert-Kerzner, PhD, MSPH; Evan P. Carey, MS; Ibrahim E. Fahdi, MD; Chris L. Bryson, MD, MS; S. Dee Melnyk, PharmD, MHS; Hayden B. Bosworth, PhD; Tiffany Radcliff, PhD; Ryan Davis, PharmD; Howard Mun, PharmD; Jennifer Weaver, PharmD; Casey Barnett, PharmD; Anna Barón, PhD; Eric J. Del Giacco, MD
ON THE LIMITATIONS OF SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF THE NEUROSES.Read before the Michigan State Medical Society, May, 1894.
Authors: DAVID INGLIS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

A hardy young Englishman who had followed the hounds, fallen from his horse, wrestled, boxed and enjoyed the varied experiences of an out-of-door life takes to sedentary life, hard study with little or no recreation, and having thus changed his mode of life, slips one winter morning on his own doorstep, bumps down the five successive steps on his buttocks—considers the incident simply as rather undignified and amusing, goes down town and, a few hours later, has to be assisted to his home, where he takes to his bed. He becomes paralyzed in both legs, has enormous exaggeration of the reflexes, takes to tears or laughter, elation or depression on trivial provocation, fears yet longs for his doctor's daily visits, perspires, grows cold or flushes, becomes faint, his heart palpitates, he is harassed by insomnia; in short, presents the typical symptoms of railway spine and brain and is confined to
The CD40-TRAF6 axis is the key regulator of the CD40/CD40L system in neointima formation and arterial remodeling
Authors: Marjo M. P. C. Donners, Linda Beckers, Dirk Lievens, Imke Munnix, Johan Heemskerk, Ben J. Janssen, Erwin Wijnands, Jack Cleutjens, Alma Zernecke, Christian Weber, Cory L. Ahonen, Ulrike Benbow, Andrew C. Newby, Randolph J. Noelle, Mat J. A. P. Daemen, Esther Lutgens
Journal: Blood (2008)
Noneffect of Methyldopa on Urine Glucose Tests
Authors: Charles B Bowers, Timothy H Self
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Methyldopa has been reported to cause a false-positive urine glucose test by the copper reduction method (Clinitest). We investigated the effect of methyldopa on urine glucose tests in 30 patients by comparing commonly used glucose oxidase methods to Clinitest. The results of our study indicate that methyldopa does not interfere with the copper reduction method for urine glucose determination.
Mechanistically Distinct Steps in the Mitochondrial Death Pathway Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Masaharu Akao, Brian O’Rourke, Yasushi Teshima, Jegatheesan Seharaseyon, Eduardo Marbán
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we characterize three distinct phases of the H2O2-induced response, which leads to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) and subsequent cell death in cultured cardiac myocytes. (1) Priming: After H2O2 exposure (100 micromol/L), cells maintain a constant DeltaPsi(m) for the cell-to-cell specific latency but at the same time undergo progressive changes in inner mitochondrial membrane structure (swelling and loss of cristae by electron microscopy). An increase of matrix calcium is required, but not sufficient, for this process. (2) Depolarization: Priming is followed by sudden depolarization of DeltaPsi(m), which is mediated by mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, as evidenced by the concomitant release of calcein from mitochondria. This process is rapid (<4 minutes), complete, and irreversible. The duration of depolarization is constant and does not depend on the length of the priming process in any given cell. (3) Fragmentation: Along with massive mitochondrial swelling and release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, cells undergo surface membrane alterations, such as exposure of phosphatidylserine and eventual loss of membrane integrity and cellular fragmentation. Thus, oxidant stress elicits reproducible and stereotyped responses in cardiac cells. The priming phase, during which mitochondria undergo major ultrastructural alterations but remain functional, represents a particularly attractive target for intervention in the prevention of cell death.
Effect of three weeks' treatment with budesonide on in vitro contractile and relaxant airway effects in the rat.
Authors: B Gustafsson, C G Persson
Journal: Thorax (1989)

An investigation was carried out to determine whether the sensitivity of rat tracheal smooth muscle to contractile and relaxant drugs was affected by three weeks9 treatment with subcutaneous budesonide before death. Budesonide treatment was associated with a lower thymus weight and a smaller gain in body weight than in control animals. There was, however, no difference in the carbachol concentration-response curves or maximum responses to carbachol of tracheal smooth muscle from control and budesonide treated rats. Isometric and isotonic recordings agreed in these respects. Glucocorticoid treatment did not increase the sensitivity of tracheal smooth muscle to the relaxant drugs terbutaline and enprofylline; if anything there was a tendency for terbutaline and enprofylline to be less potent after budesonide treatment. The data suggest that in vivo effects of glucocorticoids on airway responsiveness to bronchodilating and bronchoconstricting drugs are unlikely to be due to a direct effect on bronchial smooth muscle.
Scintigraphic Detection of Hemobilia and Hemoperitoneum Secondary to Rupture of Hepatic Artery Aneurysm
Authors: RICHARD L. BAJAKIAN, LAWRENCE C. SWAYNE, FRED M. PALACE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Hemobilia frequently presents with variable gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding, biliary colic, and jaundice and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of obscure blood loss from the GI tract. Reported here is a case of a ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm that was diagnosed using Tc-99m labeled red blood cells. Delayed images demonstrated both hemobilia and free intraperitoneal hemorrhage, which were subsequently confirmed by computed tomography and laparotomy. A similar case has not been previously reported in the scintigraphic literature.
Endocardial catheter mapping in patients in sinus rhythm: relationship to underlying heart disease and ventricular arrhythmias.
Authors: D M Cassidy, J A Vassallo, J M Miller, D S Poll, A E Buxton, F E Marchlinski, M E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Catheter mapping during sinus rhythm was performed in 132 patients with coronary artery disease and 26 patients with congestive noncoronary cardiomyopathy. Each of the patients had a clinical history of one of the following: no ventricular arrhythmia, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, cardiac arrest, or sustained ventricular tachycardia. The characteristics of the endocardial electrogram and other measured indexes of slow endocardial conduction were compared between patients with different types of disease and in different arrhythmia groups to determine if differences existed. The cardiomyopathic group had a higher percent of normal endocardial electrograms than the coronary artery disease group, with no evidence of slow endocardial conduction. The sustained ventricular tachycardia group exhibited a greater percent of abnormal endocardial electrograms and more evidence of slow endocardial conduction, distinguishing this group from the three other arrhythmia groups. We conclude the following: The underlying electrophysiologic substrate varies in patients with different ventricular arrhythmias. It is therefore inappropriate to analyze all patients with ventricular arrhythmias as a single group. Patients with congestive noncoronary cardiomyopathy, regardless of the type of their arrhythmia, have a relatively normal endocardium. Those patients with serious ventricular arrhythmias should not be considered candidates for surgery directed at removing abnormal endocardium.
Current understanding of the aetiology and clinical implications of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease
Authors: S.M. BREATHNACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Current understanding of the aetiology and clinical implications of cutaneous graft‐versus‐host disease Get access S.M. BREATHNACH S.M. BREATHNACH Department of Medicine (Dermatology), Charing Cross and Westiminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 2, 1 February 1986, Pages 139–143, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02792.x Published: 01 February 1986
INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE OF MICE TO ENTERIC BACTERIAL AND NEUROTROPIC VIRUS INFECTIONS
Authors: Leslie T. Webster
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

Under the conditions specified, there may be selected promptly from a hybrid stock of mice, of which 40 to 50 per cent die following a standard dose of B. enteritidis or St. Louis encephalitis virus, lines in which as high as 95 per cent and as low as 15 per cent succumb. Three lines,-one bacteria-susceptible-virus-susceptible, one bacteria-susceptible-virus-resistant, and one bacteria-resistant-virus-susceptible,-are regarded as remaining relatively stable after approximately twelve generations of selection and brother to sister or line inbreeding. Crossing susceptible with resistant lines and testing F(1), F(2), F(3), and backcross progeny resulted in mortality percentages in the neighborhood of those expected on the basis that resistance to B. enteritidis and to encephalitis virus is each inherited independently on a single factor basis with resistance dominant over susceptibility. A bacteria-resistant-virus-resistant line is being developed from a cross between bacteria-susceptible-virus-resistant and bacteria-resistant-virus-susceptible lines. All selected lines proved uniformly susceptible to a strain of mouse passage rabies virus.
Systemic Therapy for a Genetic Skin Disease
Authors: Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

With an area of almost 2 m2, the human skin forms a large physical barrier between the organism and the environment. Diseases of the skin can have a severely negative effect on the quality and length of life of the persons affected.Although effective treatments have been devised for common skin diseases, curative therapies do not exist for genetic skin disorders, of which there are nearly 400. There are too few patients within each group to provide an incentive for the pharmaceutical industry to develop drugs. Scientists, however, have recognized the value of monogenic diseases as models for the . . .