tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
I-131 Uptake Demonstrated in the Appendix on a Posttreatment Scan in a Patient With Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Sunita Borkar, Ravinder Grewal, Heiko Schoder
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Precise localization of focal radioiodine uptake in posttreatment whole body planar I-131 scans can sometimes be difficult because of lack of anatomic landmarks and in areas of physiological uptake. We report on a 42-year-old male with well-differentiated papillary thyroid cancer, status post total thyroidectomy and a history of radioactive iodine ablation, who presented with rising thyroglobulin levels and was re-treated with 200 mCi of I-131. Five days later, the whole body planar I-131 scan showed focal iodine uptake in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. SPECT/CT of the abdomen was performed, which localized this focal iodine uptake to a normal appearing appendix.
Abstract 2815: Soy increases risk of rectal cancer among Singapore Chinese women
Authors: Lesley M. Butler, Woon-Puay Koh, Renwei Wang, Jian-Min Yuan, Mimi C. Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background. Estrogens are thought to play a protective role in colorectal carcinogenesis, however, recent findings for positive associations with circulating estrogens and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women suggest otherwise. Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens that can display either estrogenic or antiestrogenic properties depending on estrogen receptor signaling, as well as the estrogen milieu. Inconsistent findings for soy and colorectal cancer risk from observational studies may be due to the relatively low and mainly adulthood intake, as well as differences in the estrogen milieu levels in the most studied populations. Methods. We examined the relationship between soy isoflavone intake and colorectal cancer in a population-based cohort of 61,314 Singapore Chinese men and women that was established between 1993 and 1998. As of December 31, 2007, 1,167 (640 male and 527 female) incident colorectal cancer cases had been diagnosed. Diet was assessed at baseline with a validated 165-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used Cox regression methods to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age at baseline, interview year, dialect group, education level, smoking, alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, family history of colorectal cancer and total energy intake. Results. No association was observed between total soy isoflavone intake and risk of colorectal, colon or rectal cancer, overall or among men. Among women, we observed a 43% increase in rectal cancer risk (HR=1.43; 95% CI: 0.92, 2.21; P for trend = 0.11), comparing 4th to 1st quartile of intake (P for interaction by sex=0.04). The association with soy isoflavones was stronger among women who were postmenopausal at baseline (HR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.60; P for trend = 0.01). The associations for rectal cancer among postmenopausal women were similar with individual soy isoflavones, soyfoods and soy protein intake. The estrogen milieu was low among postmenopausal women in our cohort. For example, only 6% reported ever use of exogenous hormones and the median BMI was 23.2 kg/m2. Conclusion. We report a detrimental effect for dietary soy isoflavones on rectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Our finding suggests that in a low estrogen milieu phytoestrogens have procarcinogenic effects in the rectum that require lifelong exposure to relatively high levels of intake. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2815.
11C-Methionine or 11C-Choline PET Is Superior to MRI in the Evaluation of Gliomatosis Cerebri
Authors: Li Cai, Shuo Gao, Yansheng Li, Dongyan Lu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is a rare neuroepithelial tumor which includes 2 types. Type 1: A 12-year-old boy presented with headache and vomiting. MRI showed the diffuse long T2 signal intensity without enhancement in the right hemisphere. 11C-Methionine PET showed local intense tracer accumulation. Type 2: A 59-year-old woman presented with right hemiparesis and headache. MRI revealed diffuse long T2 signal intensity in multiple lobes, and the left occipital lobe yielded heterogeneous enhancement. 11C-Choline PET showed multiple hypermetabolic foci in the same areas. Our findings show that multiple tracer PET might not only reflect the true extent of GC infiltration but also evaluate GC malignant processes more accurately than MRI.
Mucoviscidosis in Young Adults
Authors: Robert E. Ball, Charles A. Ellis, H. Leonard Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

CYSTIC fibrosis of the pancreas was first described in 1936 by Fanconi and his associates1 and then was more fully appreciated in 1938 with the report of 49 cases by Andersen.2 Since that time, a great many cases have been described, predominantly in the pediatric literature. Quite recently, case reports have appeared stressing the appearance of this disease in adolescence and the longer survival of children with cystic fibrosis into early adult life.3 4 5 Since only occasional reports of cases newly diagnosed in adults were found in the available world literature6 , 7 it is the purpose of this paper to present another . . .
How to minimise factitious hyperkalaemia in blood samples from general practice
Authors: J D Johnston, S W Hawthorne
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains different types of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with undisclosed biomarker potential for neurodegenerative diseases. The aims of the present study were: i) to compare the proteome EVs isolated using different ultracentrifugation speed ii) to preliminary explore the EVs proteome in a common neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to neurological controls. CSF samples from control subjects and AD patients were pooled separately (15 mL) and subjected to ultracentrifugation (UC) at different speeds (20,000g and 100,000g) to isolate separate EV fractions (P20 and P100). The proteome was analysed using high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and comparisons were made using bioinformatic analysis. EVs isolated at 100,000g (P100) had a proteome consistent with vesicles secreted via an ESCRT-dependent mechanism, being highly enriched in alix (PDCD6IP), syntenin-1 (SDCBP) and TSG101. EVs isolated at 20,000g were substantially different, showing enrichment in cytoskeletal and cell adhesion molecules. The pools from patients diagnosed with AD showed a distinct protein profile of CSF EVs, with increased levels of ADAM10, SPON1, CH3IL1 and MDK in the P100 fraction. CSF EV offer a new potential biosource of protein markers for AD detection and a complementary framework to the analysis of whole biological fluids for biomarker discovery.
Pituitary Metastasis Presenting as Ischemic Pituitary Apoplexy Following Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ivan Kruljac, Vatroslav Čerina, Hrvoje Ivan Pećina, Leo Pažanin, Tomas Matić, Velimir Božikov, Milan Vrkljan
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2012)
Expression of E-cadherin in human epidermal non-melanoma cutaneous tumours
Authors: L. C. FULLER, M. H. ALLEN, M. MONTESU, J. N. W. N. BARKER, D. M. MACDONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

E-cadherin is a calcium-sensitive, cell-to-cell, adhesion molecule that is expressed widely in normal human epithelial tissue. Abnormal expression has been described in colorectal, breast and nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, where loss of E-cadherin is associated with an increased metastatic potential. We have examined, by standard immunohistochemical techniques using the monoclonal antibody HECD-1 (E-cadherin monoclonal antibody), the distribution of E-cadherin in normal human skin and in non-melanoma neoplastic lesions. In the normal epidermis, E-cadherin was strongly expressed on the surface of keratinocytes and specialized epithelial structures. Staining was absent from the lower pole of basal keratinocytes in contact with the basement membrane. Weak cytoplasmic staining was also noted in basal keratinocytes. No reactivity was demonstrated in dermal structures. The assessment of cutaneous tumours demonstrated an altered pattern of staining in most cases. Cell surface expression was reduced in 28 of 30 cases of basal cell carcinomas (BCC). Twenty showed an additional feature of positive staining on the dermal aspect of peripheral cells of tumour lobules. In squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (n = 16), surface expression was attenuated in eight and absent in a further four. Strong surface expression, similar to normal skin was seen in all examples of Bowen's disease (n = 6), viral wart (n = 3), seborrhoeic keratosis (n = 3) and actinic keratosis (n = 4). This study demonstrates that, in BCC and SCC, but not in premalignant lesions, cell-surface expression of E-cadherin is reduced, consistent with the observation that the loss of E-cadherin is associated with tumour invasion.
Protective Effect of Influenza Immunization
Authors: James A. Ryan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> For several years a voluntary annual program of influenza immunization has been offered to employees by the Health Service of Occidental Life Insurance Company of California. In September and October 1965 the usual program was carried out, a single subcutaneous injection of 1 ml of polyvalent influenza vaccine being given to persons who had been immunized the previous year and two subcutaneous injections of 1 ml each at a four-week interval to those who had not received the vaccine for over one year. The vaccine used contained five virus strains in the A<sub>2</sub>, A, A<sub>1</sub>and B groups. There was an outbreak of influenza in the Los Angeles area in February 1966 which was associated with an increase in illness absenteeism among our employees. The Los Angeles County Health Department identified an A<sub>2</sub>( Asian) influenza virus as the causative agent. From Feb 14 through
Colectomy for idiopathic megarectum and megacolon.
Authors: G Stabile, M A Kamm, P R Hawley, J E Lennard-Jones
Journal: Gut (1991)

The outcome in 40 patients who underwent colectomy for idiopathic megacolon and megarectum over an 18 year period was evaluated. All patients had a radiologically dilated bowel and a bowel frequency of less than two per week. Twenty two patients had a caecorectal anastomosis, 11 had an ileorectal anastomosis (including one with a previous caecorectal anastomosis and four with a previous sigmoid resection), and seven had a sigmoid resection. The mean (range) age at operation was 35 (17-69) years. All three operations resulted in a normal bowel frequency in more than 80% of patients but no patient with an ileorectal anastomosis experienced recurrent constipation. Thirty four patients experienced pain preoperatively and this was still present in 14 patients postoperatively. One patient died and four required subsequent laparotomy for bowel obstruction. The functional outcome in patients with dilatation of the whole colon and in those with dilatation of the left colon did not differ. Subsequent surgery for constipation was performed in three patients. Colectomy offers good results with few complications in the treatment of idiopathic megacolon, and an ileorectal anastomosis is the preferred operation.
OBSERVATIONS ON THIOCYANATE THERAPY IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: WILLIAM C. EGLOFF
Journal: JAMA (1931)

During the past few years there have appeared several references in the medical literature indicating favorable results from the use of thiocyanate in the treatment of hypertension. Certain commercial drug firms are now exploiting the favorable impression created, by placing on the market various preparations of this drug, often combined with other substances. Our results with sodium thiocyanate have been so unfavorable, even when no allowance is made for the normal fluctuations in blood pressure in our hypertensive patients, that it seemed worth while to put them into the literature.  The thiocyanates, especially the sodium and potassium salts, were found by Pauli 1 to lower the blood pressure in patients with primary hypertension. These salts were first used in this country by Bentley and LeRoy, 2 who obtained quite similar results. More recently Nichols, 3 Smith and Rudolf, 4 Gager, 5 Palmer, Silver and White 6 and Fineberg 7 have
SYSTEMATIC THERAPEUTIC EXERCISES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE PARALYSES IN HEMIPLEGIA
Authors: ROBERT ODEN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Dogs that had received by vein the minimum uni¬ formly lethal doses of mercuric chlorid died in spite of intravenous injections of sodium acetate-sodium phosphite solutions, even when the latter were given immediately after the poison had been given, and when the weights of sodium phosphite were from twenty to thirty-five times as great as the weights of the mercuric chlorid administered.The sodium phos¬ phite-sodium acetate therapy has proved of no value in counteracting or preventing the deleterious effects of intravenously administered mercuric chlorid.Dogs and rabbits that had received by vein the minimum uniformly lethal dose of mercuric chlorid died in spite of the use of the best known forms of alimentary medication.CONCLUSIONS
Absence of P-selectin delays fatty streak formation in mice.
Authors: R C Johnson, S M Chapman, Z M Dong, J M Ordovas, T N Mayadas, J Herz, R O Hynes, E J Schaefer, D D Wagner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

P-selectin is expressed on activated endothelium and platelets where it can bind monocytes, neutrophils, stimulated T cells, and platelets. Because recruitment of these cells is critical for atherosclerotic lesion development, we examined whether P-selectin might play a role in atherosclerosis. We intercrossed P-selectin-deficient mice with mice lacking the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) because these mice readily develop atherosclerotic lesions on diets rich in saturated fat and cholesterol. The atherogenic diet stimulated leukocyte rolling in the mesenteric venules of LDLR-deficient mice, and the increase in adhesiveness of the vessels was P-selectin-dependent. Most likely due to the reduced leukocyte interaction with the vessel wall, P-selectin-deficient mice on diet for 8-20 wk formed significantly smaller fatty streaks in the cusp region of the aortae than did P-selectin-positive mice. This difference was more prominent in males. At 37 wk on diet, the lesions in the LDLR-deficient animals progressed to the fibrous plaque stage and were distributed throughout the entire aorta; their size or distribution was no longer dependent on P-selectin. Our results show that P-selectin-mediated adhesion is an important factor in the development of early atherosclerotic lesions, and that adhesion molecules such as P-selectin are involved in the complex process of atherosclerosis.
Surgical Approach to Congenital Cardiovascular Defects
Authors: I. M. Essrig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

PROGRESS in the treatment of congenital cardiovascular defects has been so extensive and spectacular during the past decade that considerable interest has been focused on the entire field of cardiac surgery. In attempting a survey of the surgical approach to the special subdivision of congenital cardiac anomalies, it seems desirable to make a brief review of the older — as well as the new — aspects of general cardiac surgery to evaluate the recent advances mote clearly.Historical ApproachThe story of the surgery of the heart is one of the most fascinating in all the annals of medicine, although . . .
Health Threat From Mosquitoes Rises as Flood of the Century Finally Recedes
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

AS WATERS recede from the flood of the century, the many impromptu ponds and stagnant puddles left behind may harbor another health hazard. The threat from arboviral (mosquito-or other<i>ar</i>thropod-borne) diseases may lead to massive aerial pesticide spraying across the Midwest to prevent a major epidemic. Hot, dry weather after the flood ebbs will especially favor an explosion in the population of<i>Culex pipiens</i>, the most common mosquito in affected areas, and a vector for St Louis encephalitis. The state of Missouri has set up a Mosquito Task Force to coordinate control efforts. Most people who are infected with the St Louis encephalitis virus develop only flulike symptoms, but about one in 100, particularly those who are elderly, develop more severe disease with inflammation of the brain, and about 7% of these severe cases are fatal, according to experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta,
Characterization of a receptor for interleukin 5 on human eosinophils: variable expression and induction by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Authors: J Chihara, J Plumas, V Gruart, J Tavernier, L Prin, A Capron, M Capron
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Interleukin 5 (IL-5) acts on eosinophil differentiation and activation, suggesting the existence of a membrane receptor for IL-5 on eosinophils. Here, we report that 125I-labeled recombinant human IL-5 bound, at 4 degrees C, to high affinity receptors on human eosinophils. The association constant was higher for hypodense eosinophils (1.93 x 10(9) M-1) than for normodense cells (0.39 x 10(9) M-1), with a closely related number of receptor sites per cell. No specific binding occurred on neutrophils. The specific binding of IL-5 was induced by overnight incubation at 37 degrees C of human eosinophils with granulocyte/macrophage (GM)-CSF. The levels of increase were significantly higher for normodense than for hypodense eosinophils, suggesting a previous in vivo activation of the later subpopulation by GM-CSF. IL-3 was ineffective by itself but synergistically enhanced the effect of GM-CSF. Specificity studies showed that the binding of 125I-labeled IL-5 was inhibited by IL-5, but not by other cytokines, on human eosinophils. These results show the existence of a specific binding site for IL-5 on human eosinophils with a variable affinity on eosinophil hypodense or normodense subpopulations, as previously reported for other membrane receptors.
Graft versus host anti‐Rho(D) following minor Rh‐incompatible orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Jong‐Hoon Lee, Paul D. Mintz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Hemolysis caused by ABO antibodies after ABO‐compatible, nonidentical solid organ transplantation has been previously reported. The passenger B lymphocytes within the donor organ presumably generate an acute, primarily red cell‐directed graft vs. host (GVH) response. Graft survival may also be compromised. GVH Rh antibodies have also been described, primarily in renal transplants. Only three cases, two only in abstract form, have been reported thus far describing GVH Rh antibodies in liver transplant patients, to which we add a fourth. A 62‐year‐old blood group A Rho(D)‐positive woman with cirrhosis underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from a group A Rho(D)‐negative, previously Rho(D)‐sensitized donor and subsequently developed acute, self‐limited hemolysis requiring four units of packed red cells. Anti‐Rho(D) was identified in both serum and red cell eluate. An antibody detection test, identification, and assessment of the antibody reactivity score from the pretransplant donor specimen may identify patients at risk for hemolysis due to GVH Rh antibodies. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for the involvement of B lymphoid cells in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia.
Authors: W H Raskind, R Jacobson, S Murphy, J W Adamson, P J Fialkow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Previous studies with the X-chromosome-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as a marker of cellular mosaicism demonstrated that polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells that can differentiate to erythrocytes, granulocytes, and platelets. To determine if the involved stem cells could also differentiate along the B-lymphoid pathway, we studied one woman with PV and one woman with ET. Of 117 Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid lines expressing a single G6PD derived from the patient with PV, 108 expressed G6PD type A, the type characteristic of the abnormal clone. The ratio of 108:9 was significantly different from the one to one ratio predicted for this patient, which suggested that at least some circulating progenitors for B-lymphoid cell lines differentiate from the stem cell involved by the disease. Results obtained from the patient with ET were similar--104 of the 109 lymphoblastoid lines monotypic for G6PD expression displayed the enzyme type found in the abnormal clone of marrow cells. Therefore, in these patients, PV and ET, like chronic myelogenous leukemia, involve a stem cell pluripotent for the lymphoid as well as the myeloid series.
Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of 3d Biomimetic Type I Collagen Scaffolds Using Restricted Plastic Compression for Musculoskeletal Engineering
Authors: Jasjit Lochab, Umber Cheema, Vivek Mudera
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2010)

Introduction Existing tissue equivalents for musculoskeletal engineering generally require days to manufacture, depending on cell activity to produce or populate scaffolding material. Plastic compression (PC) involves a rapid cellindependent expulsion of water from cellular collagen hydrogels creating mechanically stable, viable tissue sheets in a matter of minutes. This study investigated the effect of restricted PC on gels (by varying the compression type), in an attempt to produce structurally versatile collagen scaffolds compared to the current sheets/spirals, whilst retaining/improving mechanical properties and cell viability.
A CD4+ CD56+ natural killer-like T-cell systemic lymphoma with haemorrhagic cutaneous manifestations
Authors: G.F.L. Hofbauer, J. Kamarachev, W. Kempf, G. Burg, B.C. Pestalozzi, R. Dummer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article A CD4+ CD56+ natural killer‐like T‐cell systemic lymphoma with haemorrhagic cutaneous manifestations Get access G.F.L. Hofbauer, G.F.L. Hofbauer Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kamarachev, J. Kamarachev Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Kempf, W. Kempf Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Burg, G. Burg Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.C. Pestalozzi, B.C. Pestalozzi Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandE‐mail: dummer@derm.unizh.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Dummer R. Dummer Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 432–434, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04052.x Published: 01 February 2001