tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vanadate effect on the Na,K-ATPase and the Na-K pump in in vitro-grown rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: B M Searle, H Higashino, F Khalil, J D Bogden, A Tokushige, H Tamura, M Kino, A Aviv
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The impact of vanadate on the Na,K-ATPase system in the vascular smooth muscle cell is poorly understood. The present study describes the kinetics of the effect of vanadate on Na,K-ATPase and the Na-K pump in in vitro grown rat VSMC's. Vanadate interaction with the Na,K-ATPase system in vascular smooth muscle cells was examined by observing its influence on ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis in disrupted cells rendered permeable by osmotic shock, and the uptake of rubidium by intact cells. The I50 for vanadate inhibition of ouabain-sensitive hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate occurred at vanadate concentrations of 10(-6) to 10(-7) M. This inhibition was potassium dependent. The maximal inhibitory effect of vanadate occurred at potassium concentrations of 10-20 mEq/liter. Sodium exerted a moderate antagonistic influence on vanadate inhibition of ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Rubidium uptake by vascular smooth muscle cells was not altered within 120 minutes when 10(-5) M vanadate was added to the medium containing intact vascular smooth muscle cells. Yet, vanadium concentrations in the vascular smooth muscle cells within this incubation period reached levels 1.48-fold higher than the extracellular vanadate concentrations of 10(-5) M. These observations indicate that vanadate is a potent inhibitor of the VSMC Na,K-ATPase in disrupted vascular smooth muscle cells. However, in intact vascular smooth muscle cells vanadium gaining access into the vascular smooth muscle cell's interior does not inhibit the Na-K pump, probably because of its binding to intracellular proteins and/or conversion from the vanadate to the vanadyl ion.
DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN IN THE TREATMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER.
Authors: ADRIAN F. BURKARD
Journal: JAMA (1906)

from their points of origin on the iliac crest and crural arch, producing a triangular laceration with the apex toward the anterior superior spinous process.The peritoneum was intact.Thus, in the words of the text-book, the coverings of this hernia were integument and peritoneum.Recovery was perfectly satisfactory and the man returned to work in three weeks.This man at first refused operation.Of course it is apparent what the result would have been had he not consented.Perhaps the most instructive feature of this case is the fact that the muscles and fascia, the most rigid structures in the wall, gave way, while the integument and peritoneum, the elastic tissues, were unharmed. 502Main Street.
Activation of the complement system in patients with porphyrias after irradiation in vivo.
Authors: H W Lim, M B Poh-Fitzpatrick, I Gigli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Irradiation of the forearms of two patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria and one patient with porphyria cutanea tarda resulted in an in vivo activation of the complement system, as assessed by diminution of the hemolytic titers of the third component of complement by 23-57%, and of the fifth component of complement (C5) by 19-47%. Such treatment also generated chemotactic activity for human polymorphonuclear cells; the chemotactic activity was stable at 56 degrees C and antigenically related to human C5. On Sephadex G-75 chromatography the chemotactic activity eluted with an apparent molecular weight of 15,000. These in vivo results extend our previous in vitro observation of photoactivation of complement in sera from patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria and porphyria cutanea tarda, and suggest that the complement system may participate in the pathogenesis of cutaneous phototoxicity in these patients.
Characteristics of two basolateral potassium channel populations in human colonic crypts.
Authors: R B Lomax, G Warhurst, G I Sandle
Journal: Gut (1996)

The basolateral membrane of human colonic crypt cells contains Ca2+ and cAMP activated, Ba2+ blockable, low conductance (23 pS) K+ channels, which probably play an important part in intestinal Cl- secretion. This study has defined more clearly the basolateral K+ conductive properties of human colonic crypts using patch clamp recording techniques. High conductance (138 pS) K+ channels were seen in 25% of patches (one or two channels per patch), and significantly inhibited by the addition of 5 mM Ba2+, 1 mM quinidine or 20 mM tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) to the cytosolic side of excised inside-out patches, whereas 1 mM diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPC) had no effect. In contrast, clusters of the 23 pS K+ channel (two to six channels per patch) were present in &gt; 75% of patches, and channel activity was inhibited by quinidine and DPC, but not by TEA. Activity of the 138 pS K+ channel in inside-out patches was abolished almost completely by removal of bath Ca2+, but in contrast with its effect on the 23 pS K+ channel, addition of 0.1 mM carbachol had no effect on the 138 pS K+ channel in cell attached patches. It is concluded that human colonic crypt cells possess two discrete basolateral K+ channel populations, which can be distinguished by their responses to K+ channel blockers, and their different sensitivities to changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration.
Contributions to Clinical Surgery
Authors: O. Pemberton
Journal: BMJ (1856)

nsued on the 1st December, the day after I was called in the second time.The other two cases remain quite well.I have given a slight sketch of these very interesting and cunous cases.Ihave not thouight it necessary to de- tail the treatment, as it appears to me to be useless to oc- cupy the pages of the JOURNAL with the minute treatment of cases, unless some novel and unusual plan has been followed.To tell whether we administered diurnally, as an aperient, jalap, rhubarb, salts, senna, or a compound of them all, would only fill up the space that might be de- voted to more valuable matter, and tend to weary the reader.In rather an extensive practice, I had not seen any cases similar to these, neither do I recollect to have read of such, especially like the one in which the poison of scarlatina was overpowered and arrested as it were in mid career by that of the measles, the action of the former returning after the latter had exhausted itself.In these cases, there must have been the rudiments or germs of three altogether distinct species of disease existing at once in the system; but their progress proves that they could not be in action at the same time.They germinated, flourished, and decayed, one after the other.As we are weekly reminded that long papers are not desirable, I will not dilate further upon this subject, but will only add that, if such cases have been met with by others of our members, I think it would be both useful and in- teresting to record them.
Tc-99m Pertechnetate/Sestamibi Subtraction Scan in a Case of Parathyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Tarun Singhal, Martin Jacobs, Joseph C. Mantil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A 66-year-old woman diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent a Tc-99m pertechnetate/sestamibi subtraction scan for preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands. The subtraction scan revealed a large area of tracer accumulation in the left thyroid bed, which persisted on delayed imaging. Intraoperatively, 2 nodular masses infiltrating the superior and inferior aspects of the left thyroid lobe were identified and resected. On histopathologic examination, a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma involving the left lobe of thyroid was confirmed. In conclusion, Tc-99m pertechnetate/sestamibi subtraction scan can be a useful modality for preoperative localization of parathyroid carcinoma.
Simultaneous sodium lauryl sulphate testing improves the diagnostic validity of allergic patch tests. Results from a prospective multicentre study of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (Deutsche Kontaktallergie-Gruppe, DKG)
Authors: H. Loffler, D. Becker, J. Brasch, J. Geier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background There is evidence that a higher skin susceptibility may induce nonspecific erythematous or weak positive reactions to contact allergens in patch testing. Objectives To evaluate whether simultaneous application of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) along with diagnostic patch tests with contact allergens can provide information regarding skin irritability which may help to discriminate allergic from nonspecific irritant reactions to contact allergens. Methods Between July 2001 and June 2003, this prospective study collected patch test data of 5971 patients from 19 centres in Germany and Austria in the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). In addition to contact allergens (standard series and eight known 'problematic' allergens with a low reaction index and a high positivity ratio: 1,3‐diphenylguanidine, amerchol L‐101, benzalkonium chloride, benzoyl peroxide, cocamidopropyl betaine, octyl gallate, phenyl mercuric acetate and propylene glycol), patches with SLS 0·5% and 0·25% aq. were applied. Reactions to the allergens and to SLS were analysed at the IVDK data centre. The association between an erythematous or positive reaction to a certain allergen and an irritant reaction to SLS was assessed with logistic regression analysis, at the same time controlling for the influence of age and sex. Results Of the 29 allergens of the standard series, 23 and 21 gave a higher percentage of nonspecific erythematous reactions in patients with an irritant reaction to 0·25% and 0·5% SLS, respectively, in comparison with SLS‐negative patients. All eight 'problematic' allergens gave an increased percentage of nonspecific erythematous reactions. Similarly, 22 and 21 allergens of the standard series gave a higher percentage of positive allergic reactions in patients with an irritant reaction to 0·25% and 0·5% SLS, respectively, and seven of the eight 'problematic' allergens gave a higher percentage of positive allergic rections (exception: octyl gallate). For most allergens, the markers of skin reaction (reaction index and positivity ratio) were worse in SLS‐positive patients. Differences were more pronounced when testing with SLS 0·25% than with SLS 0·5%. Conclusions Because there is a convincing association between skin irritability (evaluated by SLS test) and the degree of skin reaction to contact allergens, the SLS test may help in deciding whether a doubtful erythematous or weakly 'positive' skin reaction should be interpreted as allergic or irritant.
Intrapleural Tetracycline Therapy
Authors: Gary N. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Goldszer et al (241:724, 1979) reported a case of spontaneous pneumothorax with persistent leak treated with intrapleural instillation of tetracycline. This technique was based on the work of Wallach,<sup>1</sup>who has since amended his method of chemical pleurodesis. The modified regimen involves adding 15 mL of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride to the tetracycline solution before instillation. The lidocaine reduces the discomfort and usually eliminates the need for narcotic analgesics. I have been involved in a case of bilateral pleural fibrosis where therapy with tetracycline was employed, using lidocaine in one pleural space but not the other. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 62-year-old woman admitted to the hospital for a right pleural effusion was found to have adenocarcinoma of the ovary with Meigs' syndrome. Evaluation procedures included exploratory laparotomy. Before surgery a chest tube was placed in the right pleural space, and because of continued drainage after surgery,
Cardiac arrhythmias during laparoscopy.
Authors: D B Scott
Journal: BMJ (1972)

troduction of modern, malleable fibre-optic endoscopes has been accompanied by a fall in the incidence of oesophageal injuries.However, even the most skilled endoscopist using the latest apparatus must still be ever awake to the risk of oesophageal damage."Smith and Tanner's' figure of one per- foration in every 300 gastroscopies and one perforation in every 100 oesophagoscopies refers to the use of rigid instruments; Arigae collected information on 123,900 gastro- scopies.The perforation rate with rigid in- struments was 0-065 % and with early fibre- scopes 0 03%.Its apparent safety is con- tributing to the rapid increase in the num- ber of fibre-endoscopies being performed in patients of all ages by endoscopists of varied experience.Instruments are becoming more complex and investigators more ambitious.It is therefore important to obtain accurate and up-to-date knowledge of the incidence of all the complications of modem fibre- endoscopy.We hope that this information will shortly be available from a survey being undertaken among members of the British Society for Digestive Endoscopy.-Weare, etc.,
SQUAMOUS-CELLED CARCINOMA OF THE STOMACH AND OESOPHAGUS: IMITATING TUBERCULOUS ULCERATION OF THE INTESTINE
Authors: H. D. Rolleston, F. W. Higgs
Journal: BMJ (1907)

SQUAMOUE-CELLED CARCINOMA OF STOMACHU.r .w. 1293 from above; finding it could be removed, I proceeded at once to excise it from the perineum.The whole rectum was removed and about 4 in. of the sigmoid flexure.The sigmoid was brought down and stitched to the sphincters.The wound was stitched up except for a small opening where the gauze was brought out at the back.The patient made a good recovery and was about again one month after operation.Six weeks after the operation he could expel a bougie from the new rectum and had good sphinoterio control.A year later I closed
The costs of mental time travel
Authors: Martin Brüne, Ute Brüne-Cohrs
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract A species like ours, whose life critically depends on the ability to foresee, plan, and shape future events, is vulnerable to dysfunction if any one facet contributing to what Suddendorf &amp; Corballis (S&amp;C) call “mental time travel” (MTT) is affected by disease. Although the authors mention brain pathology as a potential cause of disturbed MTT, they fail to explore psychopathological syndromes as a source to better understand the significance of MTT for normal functioning and adaptive behaviour.
Extensive Telomere Erosion in the Initiation of Colorectal Adenomas and Its Association With Chromosomal Instability
Authors: Laureline Roger, Rhiannon E. Jones, Nicole H. Heppel, Geraint T. Williams, Julian R. Sampson, Duncan M. Baird
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2013)

Telomere shortening, dysfunction, and fusion may facilitate the acquisition of large-scale genomic rearrangements, driving clonal evolution and tumor progression. The relative contribution that telomere dysfunction and/or APC mutation play in the chromosome instability that occurs during colorectal tumorigenesis is not clear. We used high-resolution telomere length and fusion analysis to analyze 85 adenomatous colorectal polyps obtained from 10 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and a panel of 50 colorectal carcinomas with patient-matched normal colonic mucosa. Telomerase activity was determined using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol. Array-CGH was used to detect large-scale genomic rearrangements. Pearson correlation and Student t test were used, and all statistical tests were two-sided. Despite the presence of telomerase activity, we observed apparent telomere shortening in colorectal polyps that correlated with large-scale genomic rearrangements (P < .0001) but was independent of polyp size and indistinguishable from that observed in colorectal carcinomas (P = .82). We also observed apparent lengthening of telomeres in both polyps and carcinomas. The extensive differences in mean telomere length of up to 4.6kb between patient-matched normal mucosa and polyps were too large to be accounted for by replicative telomere erosion alone. Telomere fusion events were detected in both polyps and carcinomas; the mutational spectrum accompanying fusion was consistent with alternative nonhomologous end joining. Telomere length distributions observed in colorectal polyps reflect the telomere length composition of the normal originating cells from which clonal growth was initiated. Originating cells containing both short telomeres and APC mutations may give rise to polyps that exhibit short telomeres and are prone to telomere dysfunction, driving genomic instability and progression to malignancy. J Natl Cancer Inst;2013;105:1202–1211
Once-Daily Aminoglycoside Dosing
Authors: Roger Baxter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 February 1997Once-Daily Aminoglycoside DosingRoger Baxter, MDRoger Baxter, MDKaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94611Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-4-199702150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hatala and colleagues' meta-analysis of once daily aminoglycoside dosing [1] should be helpful and encouraging to physicians who are interested in this dosing regimen. However, the use of aminoglycosides has recently diminished with the advent of such agents as broad-spectrum cephalosporins that give adequate gram-negative coverage even for neutropenic patients. The main use of aminoglycosides in my practice is for synergy; the drugs are usually used with a β-lactam agent for various streptococcal, enterococcal, and staphylococcal infections. In these cases, the drug is given in a lower dosage but usually two or three times per day. I ...REFERENCE1. Hatala R, Dinh T, Cook DJ. Once-daily aminoglycoside dosing in immunocompetent adults: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:717-25. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94611 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1997Volume 126, Issue 4Page: 330KeywordsDrugsStaphylococcal infection Issue Published: 15 February 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hepatic Toxicity Associated with Gold Therapy
Authors: MARC FAVREAU
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Three patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed jaundice after initiation of chrysotherapy. Gold sodium thiomalate had been administered in dosages of 37.5, 60, and 110 mg in these patients before the onset of jaundice. Liver function studies indicated a cholestatic jaundice in all subjects. One patient underwent exploratory laparotomy because of progressive jaundice. Liver biopsy was done in two patients. In one patient significant bile stasis and thrombi were seen in the biliary tree. In another patient liver biopsy showed ballooning of hepatocytes with minimal cholestasis. All patients recovered spontaneously. Awareness of this rare complication may prevent unnecessary diagnostic and surgical procedures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who may develop jaundice while receiving chrysotherapy.
Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging by CMR Provides Strong Prognostic Value to Cardiac Events Regardless of Patient's Sex
Authors: Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Luciana F. Seabra, François-Pierre Mongeon, Shuaib M. Abdullah, Sanjeev A. Francis, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Raymond Y. Kwong
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Hyponatremic Convulsion after Oral Sodium Phosphate for Bowel Preparation in a Patient with Previous Gastrectomy
Authors: S. Liu, F. Cheung, W. Siu, E. Ng
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 64-year-old lady with a previous history of subtotal gastrectomy for stomach maltoma was scheduled to undergo colonoscopic examination because of a recent change in bowel habit. She was ambulatory on admission with normal hemodynamic parameters. Routine laboratory tests revealed normal blood counts, liver function, renal function, and levels of serum electrolytes (including sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate).
The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Breast Cancer Controversy-Reply
Authors: Janet B. Henrich
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Grady correctly identifies two additional metaanalyses that were not included in my review.<sup>1,2</sup>The results from the first meta-analysis she cites were not included because they were published within the context of an invited commentary, and a full description of the methods and the results of the statistical analyses were not provided.<sup>1</sup>Without that information one could not meaningfully compare the findings of the study with the other meta-analyses reviewed. The second study that she cites was published coincident with the submission of my paper and thus was not available for inclusion.<sup>2</sup>Both studies report a slightly increased risk of breast cancer associated with long-term estrogen use. These results need to be considered along with the findings of the other meta-analyses published on this subject. Grady's comments regarding duration of estrogen therapy and breast cancer risk underscore the continued uncertainty in this area. Unfortunately,
Simulation of Clinical Diagnosis: A Comparative Study
Authors: F. T. de Dombal, J. C. Horrocks, J. R. Staniland, P. W. Gill
Journal: BMJ (1971)

This paper presents a comparison between three different modes of simulation of the diagnostic process—a computer-based system, a verbal mode, and a further mode in which cards were selected from a large board. A total of 34 subjects worked through a series of 444 diagnostic simulations. The verbal mode was found to be most enjoyable and realistic. At the board, considerable amounts of extra irrelevant data were selected. At the computer, the users asked the same questions every time, whether or not they were relevant to the particular diagnosis. They also found the teletype distracting, noisy, and slow. The need for an acceptable simulation system remains, and at present our Minisim and verbal modes are proving useful in training junior clinical students. Future simulators should be flexible, economical, and acceptably realistic—and to us this latter criterion implies the two-way use of speech. We are currently developing and testing such a system.
MYCOPLASMA CONTAMINATION IN CELL CULTURE OF CROHN'S DISEASE MATERIAL
Authors: AlbertZ. Kapikian, MichaelF. Barilf, RichardG. Wyatt, RobertH. Yolken, JosephG. Tully, HarryB. Greenberg, AnthonyR. Kalica, RobertM. Chanock
Journal: The Lancet (1979)
480 WITHDRAWAL OF PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST HBV IN TRANSPLANTED PATIENTS WITH UNDETECTABLE INTRAHEPATIC TOTAL AND CCC-DNA: CLINICAL OUTCOME AFTER TWENTY MONTHS OF FOLLOW-UP
Authors: I. Lenci, G. Tisone, D. Di Paolo, F. Marcuccilli, L. Tariciotti, M. Ciotti, V. Svicher, C.F. Perno, M. Angelico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)