tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide on Mortality and Susceptibility Factors in 10 Italian Cities: The EpiAir Study
Authors: Monica Chiusolo, Ennio Cadum, Massimo Stafoggia, Claudia Galassi, Giovanna Berti, Annunziata Faustini, Luigi Bisanti, Maria Angela Vigotti, Maria Patrizia Dessì, Achille Cernigliaro, Sandra Mallone, Barbara Pacelli, Sante Minerba, Lorenzo Simonato, Francesco Forastiere
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Several studies have shown an association between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and mortality. In Italy, the EpiAir multicentric study, "Air Pollution and Health: Epidemiological Surveillance and Primary Prevention," investigated short-term health effects of air pollution, including NO2.
Hyperphagia and Obesity
Authors: Gastone G. Celesia
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Progressive left hemiparesis followed by face and trunk cutaneous vasodilation and hyperphagia developed in a 28-year-old man. He began eating five to six meals a day and gained 16 kg in 60 days. Computed tomography disclosed a neoplastic lesion involving the midline via the hypothalamus and reaching the contralateral lenticular nucleus. Findings from endocrine studies, including thyroid-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol serum levels, were normal. Hyperphagia and consequent obesity were associated with bilateral destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamic area; cutaneous vasodilation was related to involvement of the preoptic area. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:151-153)
Suppression of mTOR complex 2-dependent AKT phosphorylation in melanoma cells by combined treatment with rapamycin and LY294002
Authors: J. Werzowa, D. Cejka, T. Fuereder, B. Dekrout, C. Thallinger, H. Pehamberger, V. Wacheck, B. Pratscher
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Inhibition of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) with rapamycin leads to phosphorylation of AKT in some cancer cells, with unknown biological consequences. The role of this phosphorylation in melanoma is unknown, although preliminary clinical data indicate poor activity of rapalogues in melanoma. Objectives We aimed at elucidating the role of AKT phosphorylation after mTORC1 inhibition in melanoma cells. Methods Western blotting, apoptosis assays, cell cycle analyses and viability assays were performed to analyse the effects of rapamycin and LY294002 treatment on melanoma cells. For suppression of mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) an siRNA directed against rictor was used. Results Rapamycin showed limited effects on cell viability but resulted in strong and lasting AKT phosphorylation in melanoma cells. Combined PI3K/mTOR inhibition with LY294002 had pronounced effects on viability but also led to increased AKT phosphorylation after prolonged treatment. In contrast, combination of rapamycin plus LY294002 suppressed AKT phosphorylation. Suppression of AKT phosphorylation did not correlate with decreases in cell viability. Inhibition of mTORC2 led to reduced levels of phosphorylated AKT. Conclusions mTORC1 inhibition with rapamycin and with LY294002 can lead to AKT phosphorylation in melanoma cells via mTORC2. Combination of rapamycin and LY294002 suppresses AKT phosphorylation but without significant effect on treatment efficacy.
ADDRESS AT THE CLOSING EXERCISES OF THE ARMY MEDICAL SCHOOL, WASHINGTON, D. C., APRIL 1, 1898.
Authors: P. S. CONNER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

<h3>Gentlemen of the Army Medical School:</h3> With the appointment in 1789 of a surgeon and four surgeon's mates to the regiment of infantry and battalion of artillery begins the history of the Medical Department of the United States Army. For more than a hundred years it has had the respect of the country and the profession; especially since 1832, when the rule was established that entrance to it should be through examination, severe yet fair, having regard to professional and general education and to physical and mental aptitude for service, a rule that so far as I know has never but once been set aside, except with reference to Medical Inspectors during the rebellion. What has this picked body of medical men done to entitle it to such respect, and what in deeds and words has it added to the stock of professional knowledge upon which all the world is
Ventricular ectopic beats and their relation to sudden and nonsudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction.
Authors: A J Moss, H T Davis, J DeCamilla, L W Bayer
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The role of ventricular ectopic beats (VEBs) in identifying patients who die of cardiac cause in the posthospital phase of myocardial infarction was evaluated in 940 patients who survived an acute coronary event. Six-hour Holter ECG recordings were obtained before hospital discharge, and VEBs were classified as complex (bigeminal, multiform, repetitive or R on T), simple (one or more VEBs that did not have complex patterns), or not present. Patients were followed 1-60 months (average 36 months) and cardiac mortality was categorized as sudden (less than or equal to 1 hour) or nonsudden (greater than 1 hour) among 98 witnessed cardiac deaths. Complex VEBs were associated with a significantly increased cardiac death rate, but did not discriminate between sudden and nonsudden death. Simple VEBs were associated with a 3-year cardiac mortality rate intermediate between those with complex and those with no VEBs. The relationship between complex VEBs and cardiac mortality was independent of 10 relevant clinical variables.
Urinary F2-Isoprostanes as a Biomarker of Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dora Il'yasova, Ivan Spasojevic, Karel Base, Haoyue Zhang, Frances Wang, Sarah P. Young, David S. Millington, Ralph B. D’Agostino, Lynne E. Wagenknecht
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

We have previously reported evidence of an inverse association between a urinary F(2)-isoprostane and type 2 diabetes risk in a pilot case-control study nested within the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Here, we report the results from the study extended to the entire IRAS cohort.This prospective study included 138 incident type 2 diabetes case and 714 noncase subjects. Four F(2)-isoprostanes (iPF2α-III; 2,3-dinor-iPF2α-III; iPF2α-VI; and 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI) were assayed in baseline urine samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Three F(2)-isoprostanes showed significant inverse associations with type 2 diabetes risk: the adjusted odds ratios were 0.52 (95% CI 0.39-0.67), 0.56 (0.42-0.73), 0.62 (0.48-0.79), and 0.91 (0.72-1.12) for iPF2α-III; 2,3-dinor-iPF2α-III; iPF2α-VI; and 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI, respectively.Our findings indicate that urinary F(2)-isoprostanes are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk beyond the traditional risk factors and may be useful in identifying high-risk populations.
A New Test for Seminal Stains
Authors: Joseph T. Walker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

A NEW TEST FOR SEMINAL STAINSThe medicolegal identification of seminal stains in cases of rape is a difficult and frequently unsuccessful process, for it has been customary to base this identification solely on the presence of intact spermatozoa.† It is well recognized that a fairly large proportion of true seminal stains may contain no spermatozoa2 or that the sperm may be obscured or destroyed by the foreign matter with which they are contaminated. It is of as great importance to recognize such cases as those in which the sperm are abundant. And yet, until recently, there have existed no . . .
Porphyria with Spastic Crises
Authors: Vernon O. Lundmark
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I was quite shocked to read in the note on "Porphyria with Spastic Crises" ("Questions and Answers,"<i>JAMA</i><b>180,</b>adv. p. 181 [April 14] 1962) that phenobarbital, in one-half grain doses 4 times a day, was advised as a means of controlling focal seizures. This happens to be a condition in which phenobarbital may be extremely dangerous to the patient, and it may initiate (in this dosage) an acute crisis ending in respiratory paralysis. In a recent article by Dr. Robert Aldrich et al., University of Washington, a preliminary report was made on the use of inosine as a drug of promise in the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria. This drug is a purine derivative. It has been used by several patients with excellent results, and in one or two instances the effect has been most dramatic.
Parental Consent for Abortion
Authors: Lester E. Richardson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I read with concern the Council Report submitted by the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association.<sup>1</sup>I am disappointed that the Council came to the conclusion that parental involvement is not necessary when a minor seeks an abortion. Does the physician who chooses to perform an abortion on a minor have the confidence that the patient is knowledgeable about her past medical history? Abortions are not without risks, and to perform these operations without the benefit of the parents' knowledge of the young girl's medical history invites calamity. Then there is the issue of intelligent decision making. Undeniably, a girl could become pregnant before she reaches her teenage years. Do we really believe that this girl has had adequate life experiences to make such a pivotal choice as abortion? Without mandatory waiting periods, counseling, and parental guidance, a young girl could
Work–Family Balance
Authors: Carole Warde
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters20 February 2001Work–Family BalanceCarole Warde, MDCarole Warde, MDUniversity of California, Los Angeles; Southern California Permanente Medical Group (Warde)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-4-200102200-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:“Children's lives do not wait.” This is the theme in Dr. McMurray's essay (1) about her mother's decision to leave medicine in the late 1940s and her father's regrets about not having “picked more daisies” during his 40 years of medical practice. In her response to this poignant essay, Dr. Nagy-Agren gives us a look into our progress in the area of work–family balance over the past 50 years (2). Both Dr. McMurray's mother and Dr. Nagy-Agren were left feeling “scared, unsupported, [and] possibly unwanted” as they tried to adjust their practices of medicine to accommodate the ...References1. McMurray JE. Doctors' daughter. Ann Intern Med. 1999;131:222-4. [PMID: 0010428740] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Nagy-Agren S. Doctors' daughter [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:676. [PMID: 0010766689] LinkGoogle Scholar3. McMurray JE, Linzer M, Konrad TR, Douglas J, Shugerman R, Nelson K. The work lives of women physicians: results from the physician work life study. The SGIM Career Satisfaction Study Group. J Gen Intern Med. 2000;15:372-80. [PMID: 0010886471] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Los Angeles; Southern California Permanente Medical Group (Warde) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDoctors' Daughter Julia E. McMurray Doctors' Daughter Stephanie Nagy-Agren Metrics Cited ByMedicine as a Family-Friendly Profession?Defining, navigating, and negotiating successDefining, Navigating, and Negotiating Success: The Experiences of Mid-Career Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar Women 20 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 4Page: 343KeywordsChildrenEmotionsSexual identity ePublished: 20 February 2001 Issue Published: 20 February 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 1239: Smurf2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Id1 regulates p16 expression during senescence
Authors: Yahui Kong, Hong Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4A (p16) plays a critical role in senescence, cancer and aging. Its expression increases in senescent cells and with aging in many tissues of rodents and humans. The regulation of p16 expression during senescence and aging is of great interest, but is not well understood. Here we report that Smurf2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase previously found to activate senescence, can regulate p16 expression during senescence. We find that Smurf2 is required for the elevation of p16 in senescent cells, while ectopic expression of Smurf2 is sufficient to induce p16 expression dependent on its E3 ligase activity. This ligase-dependent regulation of p16 contrasts with previously identified ligase-independent regulation of p21 by Smurf2. Interestingly, we find that Smurf2 expression increases with aging in a number of tissues in mouse, providing a possible mechanism of increased p16 expression during aging. Furthermore, we identify Id1, a transcriptional repressor of p16, as a novel ubiquitination target of Smurf2's E3 ligase activity. Ubiquitination and degradation of Id1 by Smurf2 is the mediator through which Smurf2 regulates p16 expression. As the expression of Smurf2 increases in senescent cells in response to telomere shortening, our finding provides a possible link between telomere shortening and p16 expression during senescence. Further, the regulation of p16 by Smurf2 through Id1 ubiquitination and degradation will help us to understand the underlying mechanism of senescence provoked by Smurf2, and provide insight into tumor suppression or aging regulated by Smurf2. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1239. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1239
Overdiagnosis of Invasive Breast Cancer Due to Mammography Screening: Results From the Norwegian Screening Program
Authors: Mette Kalager, Hans-Olov Adami, Michael Bretthauer, Rulla M. Tamimi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Background: Precise quantification of overdiagnosis of breast cancer (defined as the percentage of cases of cancer that would not have become clinically apparent in a woman's lifetime without screening) due to mammography screening has been hampered by lack of valid comparison groups that identify incidence trends attributable to screening versus those due to temporal trends in incidence. Objective: To estimate the percentage of overdiagnosis of breast cancer attributable to mammography screening. Design: Comparison of invasive breast cancer incidence with and without screening. Setting: A nationwide mammography screening program in Norway (inviting women aged 50 to 69 years), gradually implemented from 1996 to 2005. Participants: The Norwegian female population. Measurements: Concomitant incidence of invasive breast cancer from 1996 to 2005 in counties where the screening program was implemented compared with that in counties where the program was not yet implemented. To adjust for changes in temporal trends in breast cancer incidence, incidence rates during the preceding decade were also examined. The percentage of overdiagnosis was calculated by accounting for the expected decrease in incidence following cessation of screening after age 69 years (approach 1) and by comparing incidence in the current screening group with incidence among women 2 and 5 years older in the historical screening groups, accounting for average lead time (approach 2). Results: A total of 39 888 patients with invasive breast cancer were included, 7793 of whom were diagnosed after the screening program started. The estimated rate of overdiagnosis attributable to the program was 18% to 25% (P < 0.001) for approach 1 and 15% to 20% (P < 0.001) for approach 2. Thus, 15% to 25% of cases of cancer are overdiagnosed, translating to 6 to 10 women overdiagnosed for every 2500 women invited. Limitation: The study was registry-based. Conclusion: Mammography screening entails a substantial amount of overdiagnosis. Primary Funding Source: Norwegian Research Council and Frontier Science.
Acid activation of immediate early genes in renal epithelial cells.
Authors: Y Yamaji, O W Moe, R T Miller, R J Alpern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

These studies examined the effect of acidosis on immediate early (IE) gene expression in renal tubule cells. In MCT cells, an SV40 transformed mouse proximal tubule cell line, incubation in acid media led to transient increases in c-fos, c-jun, junB, and egr-1 mRNA abundance, peaking at 30 min to 1 h. In vivo metabolic acidosis caused more prolonged increases in these mRNA species in renal cortex. Nuclear runon studies demonstrated increased rates of transcription for these IE genes. In addition, pretreatment of cells with cycloheximide caused superinduction of these mRNA by acid incubation. These responses are similar to those elicited by growth factors. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase pathways prevented IE gene activation by acid, while inhibition of protein kinase C and/or increases in cell calcium had no effect. In 3T3 cells, acid activated IE genes by a different mechanism in that the increase in mRNA did not include c-jun, was more prolonged, and was blocked by cycloheximide. In summary, incubation of renal cells in acid media leads to activation of IE genes that is similar to growth factor-induced IE gene activation, and is likely mediated by tyrosine kinase pathways.
Atrial fibrillation in patients with an accessory pathway: Importance of the conduction properties of the accessory pathway
Authors: Paolo Della Bella, Pedro Brugada, Mario Talajic, Robert Lemery, Pelajo Torner, Roman Lezaun, Thierry Dugernier, Hein J.J. Wellens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Going Home on the Right Medications
Authors: Jeremy M. Kahn, Derek C. Angus
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spina bifida occulta and functional disorders of the lower urinary tract.
Authors: P. N. Hall, M. H. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1989)

the morning immediately after night duty, rather than later in the afternoon after 31 continuous hours on duty, as we did.This is surely where the moral lies when it comes to considering the implications of our study for clinical practice.It is the long hours of continuous work rather than sleep loss that is the main culprit.
Continuous infusion of tracer norepinephrine may miscalculate unidirectional nerve uptake of norepinephrine in humans.
Authors: J H Henriksen, N J Christensen, H Ring-Larsen
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

In order to evaluate uptake kinetics of norepinephrine (NE) in different tissues, a catheterization study was performed in control subjects (n = 6) and patients with enhanced sympathetic nervous activity (cirrhosis, n = 12) during constant intravenous infusion of L[3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) for 75 minutes. In spite of a higher NE spillover from kidneys in patients compared with controls (82 vs. 49 ng/min, p less than 0.01), renal extraction ratios of [3H]NE were similar in the two groups (0.33 vs. 0.32, NS), and no significant change was observed during the time of infusion. In contrast, liver-intestine extraction ratios of [3H]NE decreased significantly and equally with infusion time in patients (from 0.57 to 0.44, p less than 0.01) and controls (from 0.59 to 0.46, p less than 0.01). This was observed despite the fact that spillover of NE from this vascular bed was observed only in patients with cirrhosis and not in controls (41 vs. -5 ng/min, p less than 0.02). In the lower limb, net release of NE was similar in patients and controls, and extraction ratios of [3H]NE decreased almost equally with infusion time (from 0.35 to 0.30, p less than 0.01 and from 0.40 to 0.24, p less than 0.1, respectively). Whole-body clearance of [3H]NE decreased over time in patients (-6%, p less than 0.01) and controls (-20%, p less than 0.01), but significant difference was not observed between the groups. We conclude that failure to attain a steady state with respect to [3H]NE removal was demonstrated in areas of large tissue volume relative to blood flow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Burden of illness and suicide in elderly people: case-control study
Authors: M. Waern
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To study the association between physical illness and suicide in elderly people. <b>Design:</b> Case-control with illness determined from interviews with relatives of people who committed suicide and with control participants and from medical records. <b>Setting:</b> Gothenburg and two surrounding counties (210 703 people aged 65 years and over). <b>Participants:</b> Consecutive records of people who had committed suicide and had undergone forensic examination (46 men, 39 women) and living control participants from the tax register (84 men, 69 women). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Physical illness rated in 13 organ systems according to the cumulative illness rating scale-geriatrics; serious physical illness (organ category score 3 or 4); overall score for burden of physical illness. <b>Results:</b> Visual impairment (odds ratio 7.0, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 21.4), neurological disorders (3.8, 1.5 to 9.4), and malignant disease (3.4, 1.2 to 9.8) were associated with increased risk for suicide. Serious physical illness in any organ category was an independent risk factor for suicide in the multivariate regression model (6.4, 2.0 to 20.0). When the sexes were analysed separately, serious physical illness was associated with suicide in men (4.2, 1.8 to 9.5) as was high burden of physical illness (2.8, 1.2 to 6.5). Such associations were not seen in women, possibly because of the small sample size. <b>Conclusions:</b> Visual impairment, neurological disorders, and malignant disease were independently associated with increased risk of suicide in elderly people. Serious physical illness may be a stronger risk factor for suicide in men than in women.