tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the Outcome of Definitive Chemoradiation by Decrease in F-18 FDG Uptake in Nonsurgical Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Yanqin Yang, Zhiqiang Yang, Anqin Han, Rui Feng, Yidong Ma, Li Kong, Xindong Sun, Jingsong Zheng, Jinming Yu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Purpose: To analyze the predictive value of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) uptake using positron emission tomography and computed tomography to assess the outcome of definitive chemoradiation in nonsurgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 61 patients with clinical stage T1–4, N0/1, and M0 was performed. Chemoradiation included chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus cisplatin and irradiation with a total dose of 5600 to 6400 centigray (cGy). Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography scans were acquired before and during the therapy. The correlation between a decrease in FDG uptake and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed by a receiver operating characteristic curve method to determine a cutoff value. A 5-year overall survival (OS), PFS, and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The mean of standardized uptake value decreased significantly during chemoradiation (P = 0.001). Using 51% reduction of FDG uptake as a cutoff value provided a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 79.2% in predicting PFS (P = 0.000). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 50% and 95%, respectively. PFS, CSS, and OS were significantly different when grouped by this cutoff value (P < 0.05), and when dichotomized by stage T1–2 and T3–4 (P < 0.05), simultaneously with a decrease of 51% or more in FDG uptake. Conclusions: This study showed that a 51% decrease in FDG uptake during chemoradiation was a sensitive and accurate cut-point for predicting PFS. Stage T and decrease in FDG uptake were 2 independent predictive factors for 5-year PFS, CSS, and OS.
Structural Growth Trajectories and Rates of Change in the First 3 Months of Infant Brain Development
Authors: Dominic Holland, Linda Chang, Thomas M. Ernst, Megan Curran, Steven D. Buchthal, Daniel Alicata, Jon Skranes, Heather Johansen, Antonette Hernandez, Robyn Yamakawa, Joshua M. Kuperman, Anders M. Dale
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

The very early postnatal period witnesses extraordinary rates of growth, but structural brain development in this period has largely not been explored longitudinally. Such assessment may be key in detecting and treating the earliest signs of neurodevelopmental disorders.To assess structural growth trajectories and rates of change in the whole brain and regions of interest in infants during the first 3 months after birth.Serial structural T1-weighted and/or T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained for 211 time points from 87 healthy term-born or term-equivalent preterm-born infants, aged 2 to 90 days, between October 5, 2007, and June 12, 2013.We segmented whole-brain and multiple subcortical regions of interest using a novel application of Bayesian-based methods. We modeled growth and rate of growth trajectories nonparametrically and assessed left-right asymmetries and sexual dimorphisms.Whole-brain volume at birth was approximately one-third of healthy elderly brain volume, and did not differ significantly between male and female infants (347 388 mm3 and 335 509 mm3, respectively, P = .12). The growth rate was approximately 1%/d, slowing to 0.4%/d by the end of the first 3 months, when the brain reached just more than half of elderly adult brain volume. Overall growth in the first 90 days was 64%. There was a significant age-by-sex effect leading to widening separation in brain sizes with age between male and female infants (with male infants growing faster than females by 200.4 mm3/d, SE = 67.2, P = .003). Longer gestation was associated with larger brain size (2215 mm3/d, SE = 284, P = 4×10-13). The expected brain size of an infant born one week earlier than average was 5% smaller than average; at 90 days it will not have caught up, being 2% smaller than average. The cerebellum grew at the highest rate, more than doubling in 90 days, and the hippocampus grew at the slowest rate, increasing by 47% in 90 days. There was left-right asymmetry in multiple regions of interest, particularly the lateral ventricles where the left was larger than the right by 462 mm3 on average (approximately 5% of lateral ventricular volume at 2 months). We calculated volume-by-age percentile plots for assessing individual development.Normative trajectories for early postnatal brain structural development can be determined from magnetic resonance imaging and could be used to improve the detection of deviant maturational patterns indicative of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Girl of 13 has the capacity to decide to have an abortion, High Court rules
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A High Court judge has declared that a 13 year old girl has the capacity to decide for herself to have an abortion and that an NHS trust may perform the procedure on the basis of her consent.

The girl, named only as A, conceived when she was 12, and the case came to court shortly after her 13th birthday, when she was more than 21 weeks pregnant. She told the psychiatrist who assessed her capacity that she wanted an abortion because she “would not be able to cope” with carrying on with the pregnancy.

The unnamed …
IL-27, a Heterodimeric Cytokine Composed of EBI3 and p28 Protein, Induces Proliferation of Naive CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Stefan Pflanz, Jackie C Timans, Jeanne Cheung, Rency Rosales, Holger Kanzler, Jonathan Gilbert, Linda Hibbert, Tatyana Churakova, Marilyn Travis, Elena Vaisberg, Wendy M Blumenschein, Jeanine D Mattson, Janet L Wagner, Wayne To, Sandra Zurawski, Terrill K McClanahan, Daniel M Gorman, J.Fernando Bazan, Rene de Waal Malefyt, Donna Rennick, Robert A Kastelein
Journal: Immunity (2002)
764 HEPATITIS C SCREENING AND TREATMENT AMONG DRUG USERS IN AMSTERDAM: PROMISING INTERIM-RESULTS OF THE DUTCH-C PROJECT (DRUG USERS TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C)
Authors: C. Lindenburg, C. Weegink, J. Schinkel, P. Jansen, M. Beld, A. Urbanus, A. Krol, G. Casteelen, G. van Santen, C. van den Berg, R. Coutinho, M. Prins
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Australian court suppresses report questioning effectiveness of complementary remedy
Authors: Bob Burton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A Federal Court of Australia judge has granted an injunction sought by a complementary health company to temporarily suppress a report by a consumer watchdog group.

The report challenges claims that Tebonin, a product containing an extract of Ginkgo biloba , is an effective treatment for tinnitus.

In April 2006 Schwabe Pharma (Australia) launched a major marketing campaign in pharmacies, newspapers, and magazines promoting Tebonin for “tinnitus and vertigo relief.”

Tebonin contains an extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves called EGB761 and is made by the German company Dr Willmar Schwabe. On its website and in other …
Comparison of home lead dust reduction techniques on hard surfaces: the New Jersey assessment of cleaning techniques trial.
Authors: David Q Rich, George G Rhoads, Lih-Ming Yiin, Junfeng Zhang, Zhipeng Bai, John L Adgate, Peter J Ashley, Paul J Lioy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

High efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA) vacuums, which collect particles &gt; 0.3 micro m, and trisodium phosphate (TSP), a detergent claimed to selectively remove lead, have been included in the HUD Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead Based Paint Hazards in Housing without systematic validation of their effectiveness. At the time the study was initiated, both HEPA vacuums and TSP were relatively expensive, they were not readily found in urban retail centers, and there were environmental concerns about the use and disposal of high-phosphate detergents. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted in urban high-risk homes in northern New Jersey to determine whether a more readily available and less expensive low-phosphate, non-TSP detergent and non-HEPA vacuum could perform as well as TSP and a HEPA vacuum in a cleaning protocol. Homes were randomized to one of three cleaning methods: TSP/HEPA vacuum, TSP/non-HEPA vacuum, or non-TSP/non-HEPA vacuum. Change in log-transformed lead loading was used in mixed models to compare the efficacy of the three cleaning techniques separately for uncarpeted floors, window sills, and window troughs. After we adjusted for baseline lead loading, the non-HEPA vacuum produced larger reductions on hard floors [19%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3-38%], but the HEPA vacuum produced larger reductions on window sills (22%; 95% CI, 11-32%) and larger reductions on window troughs (16%; 95% CI, -4 to 33%). The non-TSP produced larger reductions on window troughs (21%; 95% CI, -2 to 50%), but TSP produced larger reductions on hard floors (5%; 95% CI, -12 to 19%) and window sills (8%; 95% CI, -5 to 20%). TSP/HEPA produced larger reductions on window sills (28%; 95% CI, 18-37%) and larger reductions on window troughs (2%; 95% CI, -24 to 23%), whereas the non-TSP/non-HEPA method produced larger reductions on hard floors (13%; 95% CI, -5 to 34%). Because neither vacuum nor detergent produced consistent results across surface types, the use of low-phosphate detergents and non-HEPA vacuums in a temporary control measure is supported.
Translocation of different forms of transferrin from blood to bile in the rat
Authors: Erwin Regoeczi, Paul A. Chindemi
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Five different forms of transferrin (rat apo [iron-free], rat diferric, diferric rat asialo, human diferric, and diferric human asialotransferrin type 3) were used to monitor the passage of this protein and its metal to the bile. Cumulative biliary excretion of the dose over 3 hours was determined. In addition, an excretion profile was constructed from the concentration of tracer in bile samples collected over 10-minute intervals. The profile obtained with apotransferrin was very similar to that found in an earlier study with albumin, the implication being that the apo form is transferred passively (e.g., by diffusion). Behavior of rat diferric transferrin, however, was consistent with the assumption that this form is transferred both passively and actively (i.e., in vesicles). The three other transferrins were investigated with the intent of broadening the spectrum of ligand affinities for the plasmalemma of hepatocyte. The higher this attraction was, the larger fraction of the dose appeared in bile. When transferrin was targeted to lysosomes, the bile contained several intermediate proteolytic fragments. Double-labeled (125I, 59Fe) transferrin was used to measure recovery of iron (Fe) relative to the protein (P) in bile. With rat diferric transferrin, the Fe/P ratio was 0.72. Lower values were recorded with transferrins (human or asialo) that had higher affinities for the plasmalemma and therefore were expected to be transported to a larger extent in vesicles. Of the biliary 59Fe, 85% to 92% was protein bound. The proportion of the protein-bound fraction was essentially independent of the magnitude of Fe/P ratios.
Ampicillin in Acute Otitis Media
Authors: John H. Samson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Evaluation of therapy for otitis media is difficult, and Bass et al (<b>202</b>:697, 1967) approached the problem in a scientific yet tedious manner, with conclusions that can be drawn limited. His criteria did not differentiate the cases with or without purulent fluid in the middle ear. This is significant. No one would guestion the bacterial causes of otitis media when cloudy fluid is present, but there is a problem in those cases with hyperemia and distortion of the light reflex without fluid. The study would have been more meaningful if it had covered primarily the response in cases of otitis media marked by the presence of purulent fluid. I would be interested in knowing the incidence of cloudy fluid in the various treatment groups. I suspect the number of cases would be much reduced if limited to patients with purulent fluid in the middle ear. Second,
Atypical Negative ALK Break-Apart FISH Harboring a Crizotinib-Responsive ALK Rearrangement in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shengxiang Ren, Fred R. Hirsch, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Dara L. Aisner, Theresa Boyle, Caicun Zhou, D. Ross Camidge
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Adult Bland-White-Garland Syndrome Presenting as Cardiomyopathy Characterized by Subendocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Rodrigo Bagur, Nicolas Michaud, Sébastien Bergeron, Jacques R. Rouleau, Josep Rodés-Cabau, Olivier F. Bertrand, Éric Larose
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Effects of mild physical exercise on serum lipoproteins and metabolites of arachidonic acid
Authors: M L Watson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

According to the Data Sheet Compendium 1983-84 salbutamol sulphate in the form of Ventolin Respirator Solution can be given by nebuliser in a single dose of 10 mg.This can be repeated four times daily giving a total 24 hour dose of 40 mg.The amount of salbutamol in one metered dose from the inhaler is 100 lAg and the recommended total 24 hour dose is only 600-800 ,jg.Thus we are Puistokatu 20 SF-70100
Nitric Oxide Deficiency as a Cause of Clinical Hypertension
Authors: Gail D. Thomas, Weiguo Zhang, Ronald G. Victor
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PTH-030 Clinic Outcomes For Unselected Patients Reviewed By Doctors And Advanced Nurse Clinicians – Is There Any Difference?
Authors: D McClements, J McLindon, R Chandy, S Priestley, M Fox, V Theis, J Dobson, A Bassi
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is a well-established role of specialist nurses in on-going management of chronic diseases in specialist clinics. With the reduction in junior doctor hours, advanced nurse clinicians (ANC) are taking on increasing complex medical roles. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ANC in managing unselected new patients (NP) in the general gastroenterology clinic in a district general hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> Analysis was done on 76 consecutive NP seen in the gastroenterology clinic over one week which then generated a further 66 follow appointments over an 18 month follow up period. We compared the direct service costs, diagnosis, outcome and discharge rates for each clinician grade. IBD patients requiring regular follow were excluded from the analysis. Cost analysis was performed using current NHS tariffs for the investigations performed. <h3>Results</h3> Forty new patients (53%) were seen by an ANC, 26 (34%) by a consultant gastroenterologist and 10% (13%) by a middle-grade doctor (MG) at the first appointment. Forty referrals were on the ‘suspected cancer’ pathway, of these 68% were seen by ANC, 13% by a consultant 19% and by MG. Of the 36 non-urgent referrals – 36% were seen by ANC, 55% by a consultant and 9% by MG. The mean number of follow up appointments generated was 1.9 (ANC), 1.8 (consultant) and 2.2 (MG). ANC’s ultimately discharged 30 patients (39%), consultants 23 (30%), MG’s 7 (9%). Sixteen patients (21%) required long-term follow-up or did not attend. Consultants requested 16 investigations on new patients (0.62 tests/patient) costing £161 per patient, MG 15 investigations (1.5 tests/patients) costing £337/patient and ANC’s 50 investigations (1.25 tests/patient) costing £331/patient. Only 1 patient was referred back to clinic having been discharged and this was for a new and unrelated problem. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In our hospital, nurse led and doctor led outpatient care was of equivalent effectiveness with no differences in follow-up appointments generated or discharge rates from clinic. During the study period, nurse led care resulted in increased resource use compared with consultant led care – but could be partly explained by the greater proportion of patient seen in the ‘suspected cancer’ pathway. No adverse outcomes or missed diagnoses were observed over an 18 month follow up period. Our study would support the role of specialist nursing managing unselected patients in gastroenterology clinics. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Comparison of imatinib 400 mg and 800 mg daily in the front-line treatment of high-risk, Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia: a European LeukemiaNet Study
Authors: Michele Baccarani, Gianantonio Rosti, Fausto Castagnetti, Ibrahim Haznedaroglu, Kimmo Porkka, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Giuliana Alimena, Hans Ehrencrona, Henrik Hjorth-Hansen, Veli Kairisto, Luciano Levato, Giovanni Martinelli, Arnon Nagler, Johan Lanng Nielsen, Ugur Ozbek, Francesca Palandri, Fausto Palmieri, Fabrizio Pane, Giovanna Rege-Cambrin, Domenico Russo, Giorgina Specchia, Nicoletta Testoni, Ole Weiss-Bjerrum, Giuseppe Saglio, Bengt Simonsson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Symptoms of Depression, Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Total Mortality in a Community Sample
Authors: John C. Barefoot, Marianne Schroll
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Depression has been shown to adversely affect the prognosis of patients with established coronary artery disease, but there is comparatively little evidence to document the role of depression in the initial development of coronary disease.Study participants were 409 men and 321 women who were residents of Glostrup, Denmark, born in 1914. Physical and psychological examinations in 1964 and 1974 established their baseline risk factor and disease status and their level of depressive symptomatology. Initial myocardial infarction (MI) was observed in 122 participants, and there were 290 deaths during follow-up, which ended in 1991. A 2-SD difference in depression score was associated with relative risks of 1.71 (P = .005) for MI and 1.59 (P < .001) for deaths from all causes. These findings were unchanged after we controlled for risk factors and signs of disease at baseline. There were no sex differences in effect sizes.High levels of depressive symptomatology are associated with increased risks of MI and mortality. The graded relationships between depression scores and risk, long-lasting nature of the effect, and stability of the depression measured across time suggest that this risk factor is best viewed as a continuous variable that represents a chronic psychological characteristic rather than a discrete and episodic psychiatric condition.
Host-targeting agents for prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis C – Perspectives and challenges
Authors: Mirjam B. Zeisel, Joachim Lupberger, Isabel Fofana, Thomas F. Baumert
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Furthermore, HCV-induced liver disease is a major indication of liver transplantation. In the past years, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting HCV enzymes have been developed. DAAs increase the virologic response to anti-HCV therapy but may lead to selection of drug-resistant variants and treatment failure. To date, strategies to prevent HCV infection are still lacking and antiviral therapy in immunocompromised patients, patients with advanced liver disease and HIV/HCV-co-infection remains limited. Alternative or complementary approaches addressing the limitations of current antiviral therapies are to boost the host's innate immunity or interfere with host factors required for pathogenesis. Host-targeting agents (HTAs) provide an interesting perspective for novel antiviral strategies against viral hepatitis since they have (i) a high genetic barrier to resistance, (ii) a pan-genotypic antiviral activity, and (iii) complementary mechanisms of action to DAAs and might therefore act in a synergistic manner with current standard of care or DAAs in clinical development. This review highlights HTAs against HCV infection that have potential as novel antivirals and are in preclinical or clinical development.
Respirator fit testing, anyone?
Authors: A. Chakladar, P. O Beaumont, D. R Uncles
Journal: BMJ (2009)

FFP3 (filtering face piece 3) respirators are recommended for health care workers caring for patients with probable or confirmed flu-like illness where aerosol generating procedures are being undertaken.1 2

We recently admitted our first patient with suspected swine flu to intensive care on a weekend night shift. …
1069-113 Cause of death across full spectrum of ventricular function in patients with heart failure: The CHARM study
Authors: Scott Solomon, Bertil Olofsson, Peter Finn, Hicham Skali, Leonardo Zornoff, Satish Kenchaiah, Nagesh Anavekar, Jan Ostergren, Eric Michelson, Uche Sampson, Pratima Anavekar, Salim Yusuf, John McMurray, Chris Granger, Marc Pfeffer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The LRR and RING Domain Protein LRSAM1 Is an E3 Ligase Crucial for Ubiquitin-Dependent Autophagy of Intracellular Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Alan Huett, Robert J. Heath, Jakob Begun, Slim O. Sassi, Leigh A. Baxt, Jatin M. Vyas, Marcia B. Goldberg, Ramnik J. Xavier
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
Varicocele
Authors: Raymond O. Olson, Eric P. Stone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

IN RECENT years the treatment of symptomatic varicocele has become a subject of renewed endeavor. The interest was stimulated by the degree of disability this condition caused among members of the armed forces during World War II. Low scrotal-vein ligation, the operation in vogue prior to 1942, had fallen into disrepute because of persistence of symptoms and the frequency of surgical complications. For these reasons a new operative technic, which had been popularized in Latin America, was tried by Army surgeons.1 , 2 Reported series of cases1 2 3 4 in which this operation was performed and evaluated showed the procedure to be surprisingly effective. . . .