tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biomarker studies in northern Bohemia.
Authors: B Binková, J Lewtas, I Mísková, P Rössner, M Cerná, G Mrácková, K Peterková, J Mumford, S Meyer, R Srám
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Studies were conducted in northern Bohemia to simultaneously evaluate personal exposures to air pollution in the form of respirable particles containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers of exposure, biological effective dose, genetic effects, and metabolic susceptibility. The series of biomarkers included PAH metabolites in urine, urine mutagenicity, PAH-DNA adducts in white blood cells determined by 32P-postlabeling, PAH-albumin adducts determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), DNA damage in lymphocytes detected by comet assay, chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) genotypes. For these studies, a group of women who work outdoors about 30% of their daily time was selected. In a pilot study, a group of women from a polluted area of the Teplice district (northern Bohemia) was compared with a group of women from a control district of southern Bohemia (Prachatice). In a follow-up repeated-measures study, a group of nonsmoking women from Teplice was sampled repeatedly during the winter season of 1993 to 1994. Personal exposure monitoring for respirable particles (&lt; 2.5 microns) was conducted for the 24-hr period before collection of blood and urine. Particle extracts were analyzed for carcinogenic PAHs. In the pilot study and in the follow-up study, a highly significant correlation between individual personal exposures to PAHs and DNA adducts was found (r = 0.54, p = 0.016; r = 0.710, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). The comet parameter (percentage DNA in tail; %T) correlated with exposures to respirable particles (r = 0.304, p = 0.015). The GSTM1 genotype had a significant effect on urinary PAH metabolites, urine mutagenicity, and comet parameters (% T and tail moment) when the GSTM1 genotype was considered as a single factor affecting these biomarkers. Multifactor analysis o variance considering exposure and adjusting the data for GSTM1, age, and diet showed that the effect of personal exposures to PAHs on the variability of biomarkers (DNA adducts, comet parameters, urine mutagenicity) might be higher than the effect of the GSTM1 genotype. These results show the importance of considering all potential factors that may affect the biomarkers being analyzed.
BACTEREMIA DUE TO SALMONELLA SUIPESTIFER
Authors: Sara E. Branham
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Although<i>Salmonella suipestifer</i>, long known as the "hog cholera bacillus," is most commonly found in diseased swine, human infections with this micro-organism have been occasionally reported. In the United States these have usually occurred as outbreaks of food poisoning, with the acute and transient gastro-enteritis which is characteristically caused by certain other members of the paratyphoid group of bacteria. Two of these outbreaks have been traced to tapioca pudding<sup>1</sup>; one was milk-borne.<sup>2</sup> Exceptions to these cases of food poisoning have been a fatal infection diagnosed as lobar pneumonia, in which<i>Salmonella suipestifer</i>was isolated from the blood<sup>3</sup>; another lung infection in which the organism was found in the sputum, blood and pleural fluid,<sup>4</sup>and a fatal case simulating typhoid<sup>5</sup>in which<i>Salmonella suipestifer</i>was found in the blood. In other countries definitely identified strains of<i>Salmonella suipestifer</i>have been associated with food poisonings,<sup>6</sup>and
THE ENVIRONMENT AND VISUAL REQUIREMENTS OE RAILWAY ENGINEMEN AND FIREMEN.PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS FROM AN ENGINE CAB.
Authors: NELSON MILES BLACK
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Of the total railroad mileage of the United States (approximately 302,000 miles), nearly 13 per cent., or 39,263.9 miles,<sup>1</sup>are using a block system of signaling for the protection and spacing of trains. This system of controlling trains requires, in the daytime, the determination of the position of a semaphore arm, about 4 feet long by 6 inches wide, or distinguishing the color of a disc about 17 inches in diameter, displayed on a pole about 26 feet high. At night the color of a 6-inch lens, lighted by a kerosene lamp, must be observed. These must be determined by the enginemen at sufficient distance in which to control their trains. Mr. R. Quayle, superintendent of motive power of the Chicago &amp; Northwestern Railway, kindly furnishes the following data, which are the result of some recent experiments in controlling fast trains: With the ordinary brake, 70
Successful Treatment of Boerhaave's Syndrome with Endoscopic Insertion of a Self-Expandable Metallic Stent: Report of Three Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: M. Chung, D. Kang, D. Park, J. Park, H. Park, J. Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Boerhaave's syndrome is a rare but life-threatening condition which presents a diagnostic as well as therapeutic challenge. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical repair are critical for survival; however late recognition of esophageal rupture is not unusual. A variety of nonsurgical approaches have been proposed, particularly in the case of delayed diagnosis. In recent years, the insertion of a metallic stent has been described as a promising modality in the treatment of spontaneous esophageal rupture. We report three cases of Boerhaave's syndrome treated with self-expandable metallic stents and review previously published cases.
Silicone breast implants and connective tissue diseases
Authors: J Sanchez-Guerrero, M H Liang
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Since 1962 between 1 million and 2.2 million women may have received silicone breast implants in the United States and Canada alone; no figures are available for other countries. In 196 4 hypergammaglobulinaemia was reported in two patients who had received silicone and paraffin injections; 18 years later, the first three patients with silicone breast implants and connective tissue diseases were reported on. Since then 293 patients with connective tissue diseases or complaints have been described in papers in English.1

In 1992 the United States Food and Drug Administration, after hearings before two independent advisory committees, placed a moratorium on the use of implants other than in research because of inadequate data on their safety.2 This year certain manufacturers of breast implants and their suppliers set aside funds of $4.225bn to deal with potential legal suits; and, in …
US doctors win round in battle for right to negotiate with HMOs
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The United States House of Representatives last month passed the Quality Health Care Coalition Act by a vote of 276 to 136. The bipartisan bill, sponsored by Republican Tom Campbell of California and Democrat John Conyers of Michigan, was strongly supported by the American Medical Association.

The bill gives doctors, as individual contractors, exemption from the antitrust laws when they negotiate with health maintenance organisations (HMOs) and insurers over fees and contracts.

Under existing law, doctors who are employees of …
The Motheaten Mutation Rescues B Cell Signaling and Development in CD45-deficient Mice
Authors: Giovanni Pani, Katherine A. Siminovitch, Christopher J. Paige
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

The cytosolic SHP-1 and transmembrane CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) play critical roles in regulating signal transduction via the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). These PTPs differ, however, in their effects on BCR function. For example, BCR-mediated mitogenesis is essentially ablated in mice lacking CD45 (CD45(-)), but is enhanced in SHP-1-deficient motheaten (me) and viable motheaten (mev) mice. To determine whether these PTPs act independently or coordinately in modulating the physiologic outcome of BCR engagement, we assessed B cell development and signaling in CD45-deficient mev (CD45-/SHP-1-) mice. Here we report that the CD45-/SHP-1-) cells undergo appropriate induction of protein kinase activity, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and proliferative responses after BCR aggregation. However, BCR-elicited increases in the tyrosine phosphorylation of several SHP-1-associated phosphoproteins, including CD19, were substantially enhanced in CD45-/SHP-1-, compared to wild-type and CD45- cells. In addition, we observed that the patterns of cell surface expression of mu, delta, and CD5, which distinguish the PTP-deficient from normal mice, are largely restored to normal levels in the double mutant animals. These findings indicate a critical role for the balance of SHP-1 and CD45 activities in determining the outcome of BCR stimulation and suggest that these PTPs act in a coordinate fashion to couple antigen receptor engagement to B cell activation and maturation.
Abstract 1647: Imatinib mesylate leads to modulation of regulators of tumor cell quiescence in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) cells
Authors: Danushka S. Seneviratne, Joshua A. Parry, Julianne L. Baron, Stefan M. Duensing, Anette U. Duensing
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are caused by activating mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA receptor tyrosine kinase genes. While GISTs can successfully be treated with imatinib mesylate, many patients retain detectable tumor mass during treatment and experience relapse following termination of treatment. We wanted to determine whether these clinical observations result from direct, imatinib-induced effects on GIST cells. We have shown that imatinib can directly induce tumor cell quiescence in a proportion of GIST cells through an increase of nuclear CDH1, an activator of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC). This event was associated with downregulation of the F-box protein SKP2 and subsequent upregulation of its target, the CDK inhibitor p27(Kip1). Exit from the cell division cycle was reflected by reduced BrdU incorporation and reduced cyclin A protein expression. Quiescent tumor cells were able to re-enter the cell division cycle five days after removal of imatinib as indicated by enhanced BrdU incorporation, decrease in p27(Kip1) expression and increase of cyclin A expression. Furthermore, high SKP2 and low p27(Kip1) levels correlated with an increased risk of progression. Mechanistically, imatinib was found to modulate components of the human DREAM complex, a key regulator of quiescence. Imatinib treatment resulted in upregulation of p130 and downregulation of E2F4 as well as LIN37 and LIN9. After removal of imatinib, levels of p130 decreased, whereas E2F4, LIN37 and LIN9 levels increased, as a reflection of the cells re-entering the cell cycle. Our results indicate that GIST cells that do not undergo apoptosis in response to imatinib enter quiescence and are hence temporarily removed from the proliferative pool However, cells were found to readily re-enter the cell division cycle in the absence imatinib. Our results encourage further studies to target the quiescence pathway in GISTs therapeutically. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1647.
Geriatric Risk Assessment in Surgery
Authors: Michael E. Zenilman
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Psychiatric problems in children with hemiplegia: cross sectional epidemiological survey
Authors: R. Goodman, P. Graham
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine the prevalence and predictors of psychiatric problems in children with hemiplegia. <b>Design</b>: Cross sectional questionnaire survey of an epidemiological sample with individual assessments of a representative subgroup. The questionnaire survey was repeated on school age subjects four years later. <b>Subjects</b>: 428 hemiplegic children aged 2 1/2-16 years, of whom 149 (aged 6-10 years) were individually assessed. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Psychiatric symptom scores and the occurrence of psychiatric disorder. <b>Results</b>: Psychiatric disorders affected 61% (95% confidence interval 53% to 69%) of subjects as judged by individual assessments and 54% (49% to 59%) and 42% (37% to 47%) as judged from parent and teacher questionnaires, respectively. Few affected children had been in contact with child mental health services. The strongest consistent predictor of psychiatric problems was intelligence quotient (IQ), which was highly correlated with an index of neurological severity; age, sex, and laterality of lesion had little or no predictive power. <b>Conclusion</b>: Though most hemiplegic children have considerable emotional or behavioural difficulties, these psychological complications commonly go unrecognised or untreated. Comprehensive health provision for children with chronic neurodevelopmental disorders such as hemiplegia should be psychologically as well as physically oriented. <h3>Key messages</h3> They are almost equally common accompani- ments of left and right hemiplegias They are best predicted by IQ, possibly as a marker for underlying neurobiological abnormalities These difficulties often go untreated, com- pounding the child9s other difficulties
THE OCCURRENCE OF ABNORMAL DARK ADAPTATION AND ITS RELATION TO VITAMIN A METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER
Authors: Arthur J. Patek, Charles Haig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1939)

Liver disease frequently is mentioned as a cause of vitamin A deficiency (1, 2).However, little evidence to support this opinion is present in the medical literature.Although many instances of coexisting liver disease and keratomalacia are re- ported, almost all of those recorded are associ- ated with jaundice (3).In other reports no mention is made as to whether or not jaundice is present.Since the occurrence of jaundice with- out liver disease can lead to vitamin A deficiency, presumably through faulty absorption of the vitamin from lack of bile in the intestinal tract, such coincidence of keratomalacia and liver disease with jaundice may not be ascribed strictly to al- tered liver function.Moreover, as pointed out by Altschule (3), the diet of patients with liver
Electrical spinal cord stimulation for painful peripheral neuropathy secondary to coeliac disease
Authors: D MURPHY, J LAFFY, D O'KEEFFE
Journal: Gut (1998)

Autoimmune hepatitis in the elderlyEDITOR,-We were interested to read Professor James' comments on autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in his review of parenchymal liver disease in the elderly (Gut 1997;41:430-2).He described an unpublished series of patients with AIH, 20% of whom were over 65 years of age 1 at presentation.We recently published an 11-year follow up of patients with type I AIH from an unselected population in South Wales. 2 Forty one patients were identified according to the AIH group criteria.The median age was 62 years and 23 (56%) patients were over 60 years of age at presentation; the usual presentation was an acute icteric hepatitis.Response to immunosuppression in the over-60's was gratifying and prompt and the five year survival rate compared favourably with that of our series as a whole.Our experience is similar to that of the Newcastle group, and it now seems clear that AIH should no longer be regarded primarily as a disease of the young.Indeed, our unselected series suggests that AIH is primarily a disease of the elderly.The diagnosis should be considered in any patient presenting with acute icteric hepatitis whatever his or her age.
Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Arthur J. Moss
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This readable and well-edited book from the faculty of the University of Massachusetts Medical School provides an excellent review of the current knowledge of common valvular disorders exclusive of complex congenital lesions. The two chief authors are acknowledged experts in the field, and they have wisely used their experience in compiling chapters provided by their fellow faculty members. The book is divided into 13 chapters; nine deal with the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of isolated valvular lesions (mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonic valve disorders), one with combined valvular disease, and three with pathogenesis, antimicrobial prophylaxis of infective endocarditis, and anticoagulant therapy. The material in each chapter is organized by etiology; clinical and laboratory findings, including echocardiographic and catheterization studies; differential diagnosis; and therapy. Excellent tables provide succinct summaries of the text. The figures, which are derived from the authors' own experience and from the cardiology literature, are generally of good
352 Analysis of the homeobox transcription factor Prox-1 expression in rat liver development and in different models of liver damage and regeneration
Authors: J. Dudas, A. Elmaouhoub, T. Mansuroglu, D. Batusic, M. Papoutsi, K. Tron, B. Saile, J. Wilting, G. Ramadori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Association between Genetic Variants Associated with Vertical Cup-to-Disc Ratio and Phenotypic Features of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Fumihiko Mabuchi, Yoichi Sakurada, Kenji Kashiwagi, Zentaro Yamagata, Hiroyuki Iijima, Shigeo Tsukahara
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
AGGLUTINATION IN GONOCOCCUS INFECTION WITH CONCENTRATED SERUM
Authors: Russell D. Herrold
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The serum of patients with gonococcus infection does not contain, as a rule, agglutinins in sufficient quantity to make the agglutination test of any practical value as an aid in diagnosis. I<sup>1</sup>have found that the arachnoid fluid and serum of syphilitic patients give a more sensitive test when concentrated. The euglobulin and lower pseudoglobulins, obtained by adding saturated solution of ammonium sulphate to the serum, were redissolved in physiologic sodium chlorid solution in a fractional quantity of the original serum. This method of concentration was applied to two antigonococcus rabbit serums made by injecting the Torrey and Buckell<sup>2</sup>gonococcus Strain 34, which has been found to be one of the most widely generalized strains of gonococcus as classified by agglutination and absorption, since it gave clear-cut absorption of agglutinin from twenty-four of twenty-seven monovalent antigonococcus serums. The results of concentration of these two antigonococcus serums are given in
Evaluation of a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia on chromosome 6p by multipoint affected sib–pair linkage analysis
Authors: Sibylle G. Schwab, Margot Albus, Joachim Hallmayer, Sabine Hönig, Margitta Borrmann, Dirk Lichtermann, Richard P. Ebstein, Manfred Ackenheil, Bernard Lerer, Neil Risch, Wolfgang Maier, Dieter B. Wildenauer
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Effects of momordicin on experimental murine coxsackievirus B3myocarditis
Authors: Shuangjie Li, Zuo Wang, Ying Zhen Yang, Congfeng Xu, Zhao Cai Zhang, Liping Bu, Yukun Luo, Chengxing Shen, Junbo Ge
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Abstract 2851: Cabozantinib (XL184) inhibits prostate tumor growth and bone lesion development
Authors: Jinlu Dai, Honglai Zhang, Andreas Karatsinides, Dana Aftab, Frauke Schimmoller, Evan T. Keller
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Over 80% of advanced prostate cancers (PCa) metastasize to bone resulting in primarily osteoblastic bone lesions. Cabozantinib (CABO) is a multi-kinase inhibitor that targets MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2). Administration of CABO to men with PCa bone metastases has been shown to induce a marked resolution of lesions on bone scan as well as regression of measurable disease. Modulation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) appeared to be independent of changes in other parameters such as target lesions and bone scan. The current study was designed to determine mechanisms underlying CABO activity in PCa. Expression of MET and VEGFR2 or modulation of their activity were verified in PCa cell lines such as PC-3 or the pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. To evaluate if CABO impacts PCa neoplastic phenotypes, PCa cell lines LNCaP, C4-2B and PC-3 were treated. CABO inhibited cell viability, migration and invasive ability and promoted apoptosis in LNCaP, C4-2B and PC-3 cells. To determine if CABO could directly modulate PSA expression, LNCaP (androgen dependent) and C4-2B (androgen independent) cells were incubated in the presence or absence of CABO. CABO increased both PSA and androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein expression in the LNCaP cells but did not modulate PSA expression in C4-2B cells. MC3T3-E1 and ST2 cells were treated with CABO to evaluate impact on osteoblastogenesis. CABO decreased cell viability and modulated osteocalcin levels in MC3T3-E1 and ST2 cells. ACE-1 canine osteoblastic PCa cells were injected into the tibia and treatment with CABO was started after tumors had developed to determine the impact on PCa growth in vivo. CABO decreased both ACE-1 tumor burden and tumor-induced osteoblastic activity in bone. In contrast, when PC-3 cells (osteolytic) were injected subcutaneously or into the tibiae of mice, which were treated with CABO or vehicle once tumors were established, CABO slowed the growth of PC-3 tumors in the soft tissue but not in bone. These findings indicate that CABO inhibits prostate tumor growth and tumor-induced bone lesion development through direct targeting of both PCa cells and osteoblasts. These studies provide a strong rationale to further elucidate the effect of CABO on osteoblastogenesis and PSA modulation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2851. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2851
RETRACTED: TRAIL identifies immature natural killer cells in newborn mice and adult mouse liver
Authors: Kazuyoshi Takeda, Erika Cretney, Yoshihiro Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi Ota, Hisaya Akiba, Kouetsu Ogasawara, Hideo Yagita, Katsuyuki Kinoshita, Ko Okumura, Mark J. Smyth
Journal: Blood (2004)