tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poisoning. Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: R. Goulding
Journal: BMJ (1965)

<h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to assess whether adults with proteinuria were at a higher risk of incident colorectal cancer (CRC) than those without proteinuria using a large-scale population-based database. <h3>Design</h3> A retrospective observational study. <h3>Setting</h3> The JMDC Claims Database, an administrative health claims database, was used. Data were collected between 2005 and 2020. <h3>Participants</h3> We selected records of participants (n=3 543 705) who underwent health check-ups, including physical examinations, blood tests and urine dipstick tests. We excluded participants who were aged &lt;20 years (n=25 577), had a history of CRC, colorectal disease, renal disease and renal replacement therapy (n=114 888), or had missing data on medications (n=170 145), cigarette smoking (n=14 835), alcohol consumption (n=366 414) or physical activity (n=106 550). Finally, we analysed 2 745 296 participants. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> The primary outcome was CRC at any stage. <h3>Results</h3> Participants were categorised as having no proteinuria (n=2 435 872), trace proteinuria (n=231 153) or positive proteinuria (n=78 271). Over a mean follow-up period of 1189±914 days, 10 615 CRC diagnoses were recorded. The incidence of CRC (95% CI) was lowest in participants without proteinuria (11.7; 95% CI, 11.5 to 11.9 per 10 000 person-years), followed by trace proteinuria (12.5; 95% CI, 11.7 to 13.3 per 10 000 person-years) and positive proteinuria (16.1; 95% CI, 14.6 to 17.7 per 10 000 person-years). After multivariable adjustment, compared with no proteinuria, HRs for incident CRC were 1.20 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.29) and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.36) for trace and positive proteinuria, respectively. The association between proteinuria and incident CRC existed in participants after multiple imputations for missing data, with a follow-up period of ≥365 days, regardless of age, sex, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and estimated glomerular filtration rate. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Trace and positive proteinuria were associated with a greater risk of incident CRC. Assessment of proteinuria could help identify individuals at an increased risk of CRC.
Hereditary fibrinogen A α-chain amyloidosis: phenotypic characterization of a systemic disease and the role of liver transplantation
Authors: Arie J. Stangou, Nicholas R. Banner, Bruce M. Hendry, Mohamed Rela, Bernard Portmann, Julia Wendon, Mark Monaghan, Philip MacCarthy, Muriel Buxton-Thomas, Christopher J. Mathias, Juris J. Liepnieks, John O'Grady, Nigel D. Heaton, Merrill D. Benson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract LB-181: Tolfenamic acid suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis through inhibiting cyclin D1 translation.
Authors: Xiaobo Zhang, Seong-Ho Lee, Qingwang Li, Seung J. Baek
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid (TA) has been shown to suppress cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis in different cancer models. However, the underlying mechanism by which TA exerts its anti-tumorigenic activity is not well understood. Here, we have shown that TA markedly reduced the number of polyps and tumor load in APCmin/+ mice, accompanied with the significant decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that TA down-regulates cyclin D1 expression in different cancer cells in vitro, coupled by decreasing phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein and increasing cell cycle arrest. Subsequent observation suggests that TA promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway including phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), which mediates the repression of cyclin D1 translation. Silence of pancreatic ER eIF2α kinase (PERK) restores cyclin D1 expression in the presence of TA. In conclusion, TA inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and blocks colorectal tumorigenesis in a mouse model, at least in part, mediated by inhibiting cyclin D1 translation via ER stress. Support: The University of Tennessee Center of Excellence in Livestock Diseases and Human Health grant (SJB), NIH grant RO1CA108975 (SJB), American Cancer Society grant (RSG-11-133-01-CCE) (S-H Lee), and a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China (2011ZX08008-003) (QL). Citation Format: Xiaobo Zhang, Seong-Ho Lee, Qingwang Li, Seung J. Baek. Tolfenamic acid suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis through inhibiting cyclin D1 translation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-181. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-181
Is a Tick's Bark Worse Than Its Bite?
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The risk of Lyme disease frightens many people who are bitten by ticks. Is their anxiety justified? What should we do when one of our patients is bitten but we do not know whether the offending tick is a carrier of Borrelia burgdorferi? Internists, pediatricians, and family physicians in many parts of the country face this question frequently. Should the doctor simply reassure the patient? Treat prophylactically with antibiotics? Or wait for the appearance of fever, rash, or arthritis before treating? How do we make such choices when few data are available from controlled trials?In the past we made . . .
Ibuprofen inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated Cl- secretion.
Authors: D C Devor, B D Schultz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

We evaluated the acute effects of ibuprofen and salicylic acid on cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion (Isc) in both colonic and airway epithelia. In T84 cells, ibuprofen inhibited the forskolin-dependent Isc in a concentration-dependent manner, having an apparent Ki of 142 microM. Salicylic acid inhibited Isc with an apparent Ki of 646 microM. We determined whether ibuprofen would also inhibit the forskolin-stimulated Isc in primary cultures of mouse trachea epithelia (MTE) and human bronchial epithelia (HBE). Similar to our results in T84 cells, ibuprofen (500 microM) inhibited the forskolin-induced Isc in MTEs and HBEs by 59+/-4% (n = 11) and 39+/-6% (n = 8), respectively. Nystatin was employed to selectively permeabilize the basolateral or apical membrane to determine the effect of ibuprofen on apical Cl- (ICl) and basolateral K+ (IK) currents after stimulation by forskolin. After forskolin stimulation, ibuprofen (500 microM) reduced both the ICl and IK; reducing ICl and IK by 60 and 15%, respectively. To determine whether this inhibition of ICl was due to the inhibition of CFTR, the effects of ibuprofen and salicylic acid on CFTR Cl- channels in excised, inside-out patches from L-cells were evaluated. Ibuprofen (300 microM) reduced CFTR Cl- current by 60+/-16% and this was explained by a short-lived block (approximately 1.2 ms) which causes an apparent reduction in single channel amplitude from 1.07+/-0.04 pA to 0.59+/-0.04 pA (n = 3). Similarly, salicylic acid (3 mM) reduced CFTR Cl- current by 50+/-8% with an apparent reduction in single channel amplitude from 1.08+/-0.03 pA to 0.48+/-0.06 pA (n = 4). Based on these results, we conclude that the NSAIDs ibuprofen and salicylic acid inhibit cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion in human colonic and airway epithelia via a direct inhibition of CFTR Cl- channels as well as basolateral membrane K+ channels. This may reduce their efficacy in conjunction with other therapeutic strategies designed to increase CFTR expression and/or function in secretory epithelia.
A STUDY OF ACUTE, PRIMARY TYPHLITIS
Authors: WILLIAM A. BRAMS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Few physicians fail to consider the vermiform appendix as the first and most probable cause of acute disease in the lower right portion of the abdomen. However, we sometimes overlook other conditions in this region, one of which is acute, primary typhlitis. Acute, primary typhlitis is but little mentioned in the ordinary textbooks, and we were able to find only sixteen cases reported in the literature in which the condition was found anatomically, either at operation or at necropsy, and without primary involvement of the appendix or adjacent tissues. The recognition of acute primary typhlitis is of the greatest importance, however, after the abdomen is opened, as it is practically impossible to distinguish clinically between this condition and acute appendicitis with our present methods of examination. This is amply illustrated by our two cases, in which the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made and in which immediate operation was performed.
Non-Randomized Controls in Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Edmund A. Gehan, Emil J Freireich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Abstract Quantitative, comparative clinical trials can sometimes be better accomplished with technics other than randomization for selection of a control group. These include selection of literature controls, matched controls and controls from a previous study. Such controls have permitted detection of therapeutic activity for many anti-cancer agents. Circumstances of greatest utility are as follows: when the primary purpose of study is to estimate effectiveness of treatment; when large differences in response rate are expected on the basis of preliminary studies; or when the new therapy would only be interesting if it was substantially more effective than the standard. When a new therapy is to be evaluated, clinical investigators must consider both ethical responsibility to administer best available therapy and scientific responsibility to conduct a proper evaluation. Selected control patients can permit valid evaluation of a new therapy without the requirement of prescribing control therapy known to be ineffective. (N Engl J Med 290:198–203, 1974)
NOVEL NON-INVASIVE AND RELIABLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF RIGHT-SIDED FILLING PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT USING TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY
Authors: Tatsunori Taniguchi, Tomohito Ohtani, Yasuharu Takeda, Isamu Mizote, Yoshihiro Asano, Machiko Matsui Kanzaki, Yasuhiro Ichibori, Yasushi Sakata, Issei Komuro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
An Atlas of Renography With Tc-99m Sestamibi Comparison With Tc-99m DTPA
Authors: GILBERT A. HURWITZ, HONG YI DUAN, MICHEL BLAIS, ADEL G. MATTAR, DENIS R. GRAVELLE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Tc-99m sestamibi demonstrates considerable renal uptake followed by net urinary clearance similar to that of creatinine. The authors have previously shown that renograms could be obtained in cardiac patients by imaging during the rest injection of the perfusion agent. The present study shows correlating Tc-99m sestamibi and Tc-99m DTPA studies in hypertensive patients with a spectrum of findings, including aortic aneurysms, asymmetry due to renovascular disease, cysts, bilateral renal dysfunction, and horseshoe kidney. Tc-99m sestamibi images have persisting background activity in the liver and spleen, but show renal structure and function in adequate detail. Quantitative analysis confirms that Tc-99m sestamibi has higher renal uptake, but less excretion than Tc-99m DTPA. Review of these correlating studies suggests straightforward transfer of diagnostic expertise with standard renography to this new application.
Paraquat and the Lung
Authors: HENRY MATTHEW
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 May 1972Paraquat and the LungHENRY MATTHEW, M.D., F.R.C.P.HENRY MATTHEW, M.D., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-835_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I write regarding the paper by Fisher, Humphries, and Bails, which appeared in the November 1971 issue, pp. 731-736. The article has the effrontery to be headed, "Recovery from Renal and Pulmonary Damage"—after ingestion of paraquat (Dual®).The evidence that their patient had pulmonary damage from paraquat is totally lacking; however the authors state, "We believe this to be the first report of survival after paraquat-induced lung damage in man." The sole abnormality on which lung damage is based is a low diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, yet in the very sentence before their monstrous claim of...References1. MATTHEWLOGANWOODRUFF HAM: Paraquat poisoning—lung transplantation. Br Med J 3:759-763, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FISHERCLEMENTS HJ: Effects of the herbicide paraquat on mechanical properties of rat lungs (abstract). Fed Proc 28:526, 1969 Google Scholar3. CLARKMCELLIGOTTHURST DTE: The toxicity of paraquat. Br J lnd Med 23:126-132, 1966 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. MANKTELOW B: The loss of pulmonary surfactant in paraquat poisoning: a model for the study of the respiratory distress syndrome. Br J Exp Path 48:366-369, 1967 MedlineGoogle Scholar5. BUTLERKLEINERMAN CJ: Paraquat in the rabbit. Brit J lnd Med 28:67-71, 1971 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HENRY MATTHEW, M.D., F.R.C.P.Affiliations: The Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, Scotland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 835-835KeywordsCarbon monoxideIngestionLungs ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Macrophages support pathological erythropoiesis in polycythemia vera and β-thalassemia
Authors: Pedro Ramos, Carla Casu, Sara Gardenghi, Laura Breda, Bart J Crielaard, Ella Guy, Maria Franca Marongiu, Ritama Gupta, Ross L Levine, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Benjamin L Ebert, Nico Van Rooijen, Saghi Ghaffari, Robert W Grady, Patricia J Giardina, Stefano Rivella
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Relief of Back Pain
Authors: Stanley P. Bohrer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  How often have you heard from your patients or friends with a chronic  back problem: No matter how firm a surface  sleep on, at times it is impossible to find a comfortable position, or I wake up with a low back ache even if  sleep on a hard surface or sleep with my hips and knees slightly flexed.   was recently in such a condition myself and happened to be living in a house that uses hammocks as extra beds. One night, after everything else had failed,  decided to try a hammock and, for the first time in weeks, slept comfortably and woke up free of low back ache.  have continued to sleep in a hammock for six months now, and it continues to be more comfortable for my back than a hard bed.  As a long-term sufferer,  have read much
Viral Hepatitis Associated With Day-care Centers
Authors: Gregory Storch, Louise M. McFarland, Karen Kelso, Carolyn Jill Heilman, Charles T. Caraway
Journal: JAMA (1979)

From September 1976 through March 1978, we investigated 11 outbreaks of non-B viral hepatitis associated with Louisiana day-care centers. The outbreaks included 168 cases, most of which were erroneously considered "sporadic" cases of non-B viral hepatitis prior to the investigations. Thirteen percent of all non-B viral hepatitis cases reported in the New Orleans metropolitan area during 1977 were associated with one of the outbreaks. Most of the cases in each outbreak and 85% overall were in older, usually adult, contacts of children attending the day-care centers. Within the household, parents appeared to be at greatest risk, particularly those who had 1- to 2-year-old children in the day-care center. Day-care center outbreaks of non-B hepatitis are easily overlooked and may be more widespread than is currently appreciated. (<i>JAMA</i>242:1514-1518, 1979)
A Century of Surgery: The History of the American Surgical Association
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In 1972, the American Surgical Association proposed that a history of the first hundred years of the society should be prepared. In 1975, Dr Mark Ravitch was commissioned to perform the task. Four years later, this awesome duty was completed. Without any question he has written a monumental work, meticulously edited and copiously illustrated. The backbone of the two volumes consists of a record of the annual meetings of the society. The author emphasizes the important papers that were presented and assumes correctly that those which produced lively discussions indicated the focus of surgical interest at particular times. On the other hand, his terse notation after many papers that "there was no discussion" might indicate that the report was either unworthy of comment or so superb that its importance could not be appreciated by the audience. Reading the title, one may ask whether "a century of surgery" actually is synonymous
A NEW OPERATION FOR PROLAPSUS OF THE ANTERIOR VAGINAL WALL.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, al the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: ANDREW F. CURRIER
Journal: JAMA (1890)

With the exception of vesico-vaginal fistula the lesions of the anterior vaginal wall are more or less ignored by the majority of the profession, or if not ignored are considered of less importance than they actually are. Especially is this the case with prolapsus, which may exist alone, or in connection with descent of the bladder, uterus, posterior wall or rectum. Prolapse of the vagina does not necessarily signify prolapse of the blad der and rectum, and errors of diagnosis in this direction are frequently made through examinations which are not sufficiently careful. In either case the vaginal lesion demands operative treatment, but the symptoms are usually much more urgent if rectum or bladder has descended than when this is not the case. The vaginal wall is one of the means by which the weight of the bladder is sustained and such portions of the in testines as may
Notes on a Case of Milky Ascitic Fluid
Authors: G. Nieuwondt, R. H. Rozenzweig
Journal: BMJ (1892)

these must be postponed till further observations have been made, but I am inclined to consider it a distinct species.Dr.St. Clair Symmers' has also described a liquefying fluorescent bacillus, but, as he gives no details of its biological charac- ters, it is impossible to say whether it is identical with my organism or not.IV.-Bacillus Luteus Liquefaciens, obtained from the inner surface of the prepuce.Morphology.-Short thick rods with rounded ends, usually constricted in the middle, occasionally forming short chains or longer unjointed rods.Biology.-Gelatine cultures: on plates in two days the colonies appear as fine, round, slightly-yellowish points.In four days the superficial colonies are pale yellow, hemi- spherical, smooth, shining and opaque, about 1 millimetre in diameter.The organism commences to liquefy the gelatine in seven or eight days, the colonies becoming surrounded by a sharply-defined area of clear liquefied gelatine.The deep colonies are of irregular shape, brownish-yellow, and granular.Stroke cultures are yellowish-white, with finely-toothed edges, gradually become bright yellow, and liquefy in eight to ten days.In stab cultures there is a flat growth on the sur- face with a fine concentric arrangement, whitish veil in the depth.On agar-agar it grows well at ordinary temperatures, but not at a higher temperature than 280 C.; it forms a slimy yellowish-white growth.On potato, thrives with difficulty.Remarks.-No free spores have been observed, hut some pre- parations show signs of doubtful sporulation.The organism does not grow at blood heat.V.-Staphylococcus Flavescens, obtained from the toes, cruro-scrotal region, and prepuce.It may possibly be the micrococcus flavescens incompletely de- scribed by Cornil and Babes in their textbook.2Morphology.-Round or oval micrococci of varying size arranged irregularly in groups.Biology.-Gelatine cultivations vary very much in colour and rapidity of growth, sometimes forming a wrinkled layer,
Leptin signalling system as a target for pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy
Authors: Alice Huertas, Ly Tu, Raphaël Thuillet, Morane Le Hiress, Carole Phan, Nicolas Ricard, Sophie Nadaud, Elie Fadel, Marc Humbert, Christophe Guignabert
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) and perivascular inflammation lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progression, but they are not specifically targeted by the current therapies. Since leptin (Ob) and its main receptor ObR-b contribute to systemic vascular cell proliferation and inflammation, we questioned whether targeting Ob/ObR-b axis would be an effective antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory strategy against PAH. In idiopathic PAH (iPAH), using human lung tissues and primary cell cultures (early passages ≤5), we demonstrate that pulmonary endothelial cells (P-ECs) over produce Ob and that PA-SMCs overexpress ObR-b. Furthermore, we obtain evidence that Ob enhances proliferation of human PA-SMCs in vitro and increases right ventricular systolic pressure in Ob-treated mice in the chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) model. Using human cells, we also show that Ob leads to monocyte activation and increases cell adhesion molecule expression levels in P-ECs. We also find that Ob/ObR-b axis contributes to PH susceptibility by using ObR-deficient rats, which display less severe hypoxia-induced PH (pulmonary haemodynamics, arterial muscularisation, PA-SMC proliferation and perivascular inflammation). Importantly, we demonstrate the efficacy of two curative strategies using a soluble Ob neutraliser and dichloroacetate in hypoxia-induced PH. We demonstrate here that Ob/ObR-b axis may represent anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory targets in PAH.
Pivotal role of cerebral interleukin-17–producing γδT cells in the delayed phase of ischemic brain injury
Authors: Takashi Shichita, Yuki Sugiyama, Hiroaki Ooboshi, Hiroshi Sugimori, Ryusuke Nakagawa, Ichiro Takada, Toru Iwaki, Yasunori Okada, Mitsuo Iida, Daniel J Cua, Yoichiro Iwakura, Akihiko Yoshimura
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
TCT-780 Clinical Outcomes of Asian Patients with Low to Intermediate Risk Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Sung-Han Yoon, Jung-Min Ahn, Michael Kang-Yin Lee, Edgar L. Tay, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Dong Hyun Yang, Joon-Won Kang, Jong-Young Lee, Hyo In Choi, Jae Hyung Roh, Pil Hyung Lee, Mineok Chang, Hyun Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Jong-Min Song, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Health Hazards of Formaldehyde
Authors: Kong-oo Goh
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The rapid growth of formaldehyde use has resulted in renewed interest in the health hazards of this compound. Two recent publications<sup>1</sup>(1981;246:1677) discuss the consequences of formaldehyde toxicity. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in the nasal turbinates of rats and mice exposed to formaldehyde fumes and the incidence of small cell carcinoma of the lung among workers exposed to bischloromethyl ether, a combination of formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride, are of serious concern. Formaldehyde is beginning to be recognized as having mutagenic properties and as posing a carcinogenic risk to humans. We had an opportunity to study bone marrow chromosomal patterns from 40 patients who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. In this study we found marked chromosomal abnormalities, among them aneuploidies, chromosomal structural abnormalities, and chromosomal breaks.<sup>2</sup>These abnormalities were seen in the metaphases from direct bone marrow preparations without prior culturing that suggests that the abnormalities