tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Massive Lymphoma of the Mediastinum, Chest Wall, and Axilla
Authors: CHARLES A. STEWART, ANNE M. GLASER, KEITH TERASAK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

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On Simple Acute Inflammation of the Membranes of the Brain in Infants
Authors: None Rilliet
Journal: BMJ (1847)

l81the tincture.It is stated that remedies were applied, but their nature is not mentioned.The pylorus was found " greatly thickened with a cicatrized patch, three inches long and two broad, and another large inflamed spot."tNow althongh Christison mentions this tincture as a violent poison, it is not spoken of in any of the poison charts I have seen, and the only direction as to treatment I have met with is in Pereiras's " Materia Medica," where " the same as for the mineral acids" is advised.(I should say that I have not Mr. Taylor's book at hand.)
Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Accelerates Endothelial Recovery and Inhibits In-Stent Restenosis in Stented Atherosclerotic Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbit Aorta
Authors: Jan Hinrich Bräsen, Olli Leppänen, Matias Inkala, Tommi Heikura, Max Levin, Fabian Ahrens, Juha Rutanen, Hubertus Pietsch, David Bergqvist, Anna-Liisa Levonen, Samar Basu, Thomas Zeller, Günter Klöppel, Mikko O. Laukkanen, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Zum Problem der Tumorzellausschwemmung durch Biopsie
Authors: S. Witte
Journal: Endoscopy (1971)

Circulating cancer cells are only found in some cases with advanced tumors. They are difficult to distinguish from other rare blood cells. Whereas the high permeability of the tumor vessel seems to facilitate the passage of tumor cells into the blood and tumor cells are often found in the blood of tumor bearing animals, circulating cancer cells do not indicate metastasis in every case. Cell vitality and sticking of the cells at the vessel wall are imported factors, which can be influenced by chemotherapy and blood coagulation. Whe think that the influence of a biopsy on the spreading of tumor cells in the blood is negligibly small.
Left-Handedness in Male-to-Female Transsexuals
Authors: Diane B. Watson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Although the origin for disturbances of sexual orientation and gender identity is not known, several lines of evidence suggest the importance of biologic factors. One often-suggested factor is hormonal fluctuations in utero that alter sexual differentiation of the brain and lead to inappropriate masculinization or feminization.<sup>1</sup>Another possibility is that some form of prenatal stress has taken place that has disturbed the normal development and gender differentiation of the brain. Handedness provides an accessible behavioral marker that may clarify the origin of disturbed gender identity. Over the past decade, data have accumulated that suggest that elevated prenatal testosterone levels may be associated with an increased incidence of left-handedness.<sup>2</sup>Higher rates of left-handedness are also related to prenatal and perinatal stressors, including low birth weight, prolonged labor, birth-related anoxias, Rh incompatibilities, multiple births, breech births, and prematurity.<sup>3,4</sup>These two sources of increased sinistrality allow us
In-vitro venous prostacyclin production, plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha concentrations, and diabetic retinopathy.
Authors: T M Davis, E Bown, D R Finch, M D Mitchell, R C Turner
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Previous studies have shown that vessels from diabetics produce less prostacyclin in vitro than those from normal controls. To determine whether this decreased production is related to complications elective biopsy of a superficial forearm vein was performed on 12 insulin-dependent male diabetics, six with nil or minimal and six with proliferative retinopathy, and seven male controls. Vein segments from the diabetics and controls produced similar amounts of prostacyclin in vitro (medians 0.11 and 0.19 ng/mg tissue respectively), but the segments from the diabetics with nil or minimal retinopathy produced less than those from the diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (medians 0.09 and 0.18 ng/mg respectively). Preoperative plasma immunoreactive concentrations of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha were not significantly different between the controls and the diabetics (medians 101 and 116 pg/ml respectively). In a separate study, however, 11 diabetics with duration of disease of over 10 years and nil or minimal retinopathy had significantly lower concentrations than a matched group of 16 with background or proliferative retinopathy (medians 79 and 121 pg/ml respectively). These results do not support an association between reduced prostacyclin production and diabetic retinopathy.
Informed Consent in Tests of Patient Reliability
Authors: Sissela Bok
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Investigators examining such practices as alcohol or other drug abuse, incest, and family violence often confront a difficult dilemma in obtaining the informed consent of those persons whom they wish to enlist as subjects in prospective studies. They know that the canons of research ethics require them to see to it that each subject is "adequately informed of the aims, methods, anticipated benefits, and potential hazards of the study and the discomforts it may entail"<sup>1,2</sup>; they know, further, that each subject's consent, if given, must be entirely free, "without the intervention of any element of force or fraud."<sup>3</sup>Yet they recognize that many individuals, if informed of the aims of such a study, will choose not to participate, no matter what assurances are made regarding confidentiality or anonymity, and that the results will therefore be biased from the outset. Those who do consent to taking part in the
A Computer Alert System to Prevent Injury From Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Robert A. Raschke, Bea Gollihare, Thomas A. Wunderlich, James R. Guidry, Alan I. Leibowitz, John C. Peirce, Lee Lemelson, Mark A. Heisler, Cynthia Susong
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Adverse drug events (ADEs) are the most common type of iatrogenic injury occurring in hospitalized patients. Errors leading to ADEs are often due to restricted availability of information at the time of physician order writing.To develop, implement, and evaluate a computer alert system designed to correct errors that might lead to ADEs and to detect ADEs before maximum injury occurs.Prospective case series.A 650-bed community teaching hospital in Phoenix, Ariz.Consecutive sample of 9306 nonobstetrical adult patients admitted during the last 6 months of 1997.Thirty-seven drug-specific ADEs were targeted. Our hospital information system was programmed to generate alerts in clinical situations with increased risk for ADE-related injury. A clinical system was developed to ensure physician notification of alerts.A true-positive alert was defined as one in which the physician wrote orders consistent with the alert recommendation after alert notification.During the 6-month study period, the alert system fired 1116 times and 596 were true-positive alerts (positive predictive value of 53%). The alerts identified opportunities to prevent patient injury secondary to ADEs at a rate of 64 per 1000 admissions. A total of 265 (44%) of the 596 true-positive alerts were unrecognized by the physician prior to alert notification.Clinicians can use hospital information systems to detect opportunities to prevent patient injury secondary to a broad range of ADEs.
Epidemiology of strawberry haemangioma in low birthweight infants
Authors: T.G. POWELL, C.R. WEST, P.O.D. PHAROAH, R.W.I. COOKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

The prevalence of cutaneous haemangiomas in a representative population of low birthweight infants was determined by tracing and assessing survivors of pre-school age. Data from hospital case-notes and follow-up assessments were used to investigate whether prevalence of haemangiomas was related to perinatal factors and childhood morbidity. Eleven point one per cent of 615 infants developed a haemangioma. Haemangiomas were more common in girls than boys, and in infants of lower gestational age. Hypothermia in the first hours of life and neonatal illness were associated with lower prevalence, suggesting that neonatal skin perfusion influences haemangioma development; this is consistent with a tendency for haemangiomas to be distributed centripetally. However, the major aetiological determinants are unknown. Children with a haemangioma were more likely to have had a febrile convulsion than those without a haemangioma.
Relationship Between the<i>HLA-B*1502</i>Allele and Carbamazepine-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Ratchadaporn Somkrua, Manupat Lohitnavy, Wichittra Tassaneeyakul
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

The US Food and Drug Administration recommends screening for the HLA-B*1502 allele before initiation of carbamazepine therapy in patients of Asian ancestry, but there remains unclear evidence of a relationship between HLA-B*1502 and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) among carbamazepine users, especially in some racial/ethnic populations.To determine the relationship between the HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced SJS and TEN.A comprehensive search of the following data sources was performed without language restriction from the inception of the database until January 8, 2013: EMBASE, PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Library, IPA (International Pharmaceutical Abstracts), HuGENet (Human Genome Epidemiology Network), and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and the reference lists of identified studies.Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the relationship between HLA-B*1502 and carbamazepine-induced SJS and TEN and that reported sufficient data for calculating the frequency of HLA-B*1502 carriers among cases and controls. The search yielded 525 articles, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. The studies included 227 SJS or TEN cases, 602 matched control subjects, and 2949 population control subjects.Two reviewers independently extracted the following data: study design, eligibility criteria, diagnostic criteria, patient demographics, genotype distribution, HLA-B genotyping technique, selection of cases and controls, dosage of carbamazepine and duration of use, and results of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control group. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of studies. The overall odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model. The primary analysis was based on matched control studies. Subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity were also performed.The primary outcome was carbamazepine-induced SJS and TEN. The outcome measure is given as an overall OR.The summary OR for the relationship between HLA-B*1502 and carbamazepine-induced SJS and TEN was 79.84 (95% CI, 28.45-224.06). Racial/ethnic subgroup analyses yielded similar findings for Han-Chinese (115.32; 18.17-732.13), Thais (54.43; 16.28-181.96), and Malaysians (221.00; 3.85-12 694.65). Among individuals of white or Japanese race/ethnicity, no patients with SJS or TEN were carriers of the HLA-B*1502 allele.We found a strong relationship between the HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced SJS and TEN in Han-Chinese, Thai, and Malaysian populations. HLA-B*1502 screening in patients requiring carbamazepine therapy is warranted.
Before Rigor Mortis
Authors: Debby Jo Blank
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased Prevalence of Migraine and Chest Pain in Patients with Primary Raynaud Disease
Authors: Shaun T. O'Keeffe, Nicholas P. Tsapatsaris, William P. Beetham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of headaches and recurrent chest pain in patients with primary Raynaud disease. Design: Postal survey. Setting: Raynaud disease clinic at the Lahey Clinic Medical Center, a tertiary care hospital. Participants: A consecutive series of 120 patients with primary Raynaud disease who had been observed for at least 2 years, 97 of whom received and 93 of whom completed the questionnaire, and a control group of 93 age- and sex-matched hospital employees without Raynaud phenomenon. Results: Migraine was diagnosed in 57 (61%) patients with primary Raynaud disease and in 21 (23%) of the control group (odds ratio, 5.4; 95% Cl, 2.8 to 10.3). Migraine with aura and migraine without aura were more common in patients with Raynaud disease than in the control subjects (27% compared with 5%; P < 0.001 and 34% compared with 17%; P = 0.008, respectively). Nonmigrainous headaches were more common in the control group (51% compared with 25%; P = 0.003). Chest pains were reported by 44 (47%) of the patients with Raynaud disease and by 15 (16%) of the control group (odds ratio, 4.4; Cl, 2.4 to 9.3). Chest pains were more frequently reported by patients with Raynaud disease who had migraine (34 of 57, 60%) than by patients without migraine (10 of 36, 28%; P = 0.003). Conclusions: An increased prevalence of migraine was found in patients with primary Raynaud disease. Chest pain, often diagnosed as musculoskeletal or nonspecific, was common in patients with primary Raynaud phenomenon, especially in patients who had coexisting migraine.
<i>SLCO1B1</i>Variants and Statin-Induced Myopathy
Authors: Georgirene D. Vladutiu, Paul J. Isackson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: Investigators in the Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine (SEARCH) Collaborative Group found one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) i...
Tc-99m Diphosphonate Uptake in Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
Authors: RICHARD P. SPENCER, DAVID D. EVANS, FARIPOUR FOROUHAR, DAVID V. FETTERS, SAMUEL D.J. YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A man with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the thigh had avid uptake of Tc-99m MDP in the lesion. Review of tissue sections showed considerable accumulation of iron in the tumor. Iron is known to be a potential nidus for deposition of the Tc-99m diphosphonates. A review was made of tissue sections from two other reported cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma which also had significant accumulation of Tc-99m diphosphonates. Both revealed iron within the tumor. The origin of the iron is unknown (perhaps from necrosis and hemorrhage, from trauma, or from innate phagocytic activity of the histiocytes). However, this observation may serve as a stimulus to studies attempting to discern the underlying mechanisms of extraosseous deposition of the Tc-99m diphosphonates.
Cases of A/H1N1 flu are nearing epidemic levels in London and West Midlands, say GPs
Authors: D. M Henderson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

London and the West Midlands are approaching epidemic consultation rates for A/H1N1 influenza, figures from the Royal College of General Practitioners show. Epidemic activity can be defined as 200 consultations with patients with influenza-like illness per 100 000 people per week. 

At present, the national average is 51.9 per 100 000 and therefore well below epidemic levels. In London and the West Midlands, however, levels of 180 and 120 consultations are being observed, which is evidence that the outbreak in some parts of the United Kingdom is nearing epidemic proportions.

In the Health …
The Enigmas of Pigmentation
Authors: Manuel Francisco Allende
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Melanin pigmentation plays an important part in adaptation to the environment. It protects against the carcinogenic effects of actinic radiation. As man migrated away from the tropics, the lightening of the species might have been due to a decreased need for this protection as well as to the need of a lighter skin to allow proper synthesis of vitamin D. New adaptations to sunnier climates might be accompanied by reverse darkening. The reason for the darkening of hair from infancy into adulthood needs studying as well as the differences in texture and coloring between scalp and beard hair. The sociological implications of skin pigmentation are serious. Sufferers from pigmentary disturbances need strong emotional support in addition to the standard forms of treatment.
REST IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: J. G. HILLEARY
Journal: JAMA (1906)

I wish to make a plea addressed to the general practitioner for the routine employment of rest in the open air in all active or partially arrested cases of tuberculosis. In the vast majority of cases the general practitioner is the man who is called on to diagnose and to treat these patients, and as he has been lectured, criticized and cajoled into making an early diagnosis only to meet with failure in the treatment, I do not think it amiss to point out the error that is responsible for failure, in nine times out of ten in otherwise curable cases, viz., exercise. Even to-day, with the overwhelming proof of the curability of this disease, many physicians say that they do not believe it can be cured, while others say that it can be cured only in sanatoria. When the details of their treatment are gone into it will be
Pneumatosis Coli and Colonic Intussusception
Authors: Mark A. Stern, William D. Chey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Figure 1. A 32-year-old man with no clinically significant medical history presented to the emergency room with fever and a 12-hour history of pain in the right upper quadrant. Before the onset of discomfort he had run 5 miles (8 km) and performed 200 sit-ups. Abdominal examination revealed 1+ tenderness in the right upper quadrant. Laboratory evaluation revealed a total bilirubin level of 1.1 mg per deciliter (18.8 μmol per liter), an aspartate aminotransferase level of 25 U per liter, an alanine aminotransferase level of 36 U per liter, an alkaline phosphatase level of 62 U per liter, a white-cell . . .
Teaching and Learning in Medical School
Authors: Brian P. Lipton
Journal: JAMA (1962)

From the Project in Medical Education, begun in the early 1950's at the University of Buffalo, comes an exposition of its findings,<i>Teaching and Learning in Medical School</i>. This project, still continuing but in reduced form, was a unique attempt to elucidate, synthesize, and corroborate the already existent pedagogical techniques and theories offered by educationalists with those in traditional use or disuse at medical schools throughout the United States. This book does not omit other vital considerations faced annually by our medical school faculties, such as the problem of selection of students. Perhaps its greatest asset is its eloquent appeal on behalf of the historically harassed student of medicine for greater recognition of the individual. During his medical education the student is forever reminded that no 2 patients are identical and that he must treat each as a unique entity. Yet all students must fit into the "lock-step curriculum" of
Bisphenol A and Reproductive Health: Update of Experimental and Human Evidence, 2007–2013
Authors: Jackye Peretz, Lisa Vrooman, William A. Ricke, Patricia A. Hunt, Shelley Ehrlich, Russ Hauser, Vasantha Padmanabhan, Hugh S. Taylor, Shanna H. Swan, Catherine A. VandeVoort, Jodi A. Flaws
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

In 2007, an expert panel reviewed associations between bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and reproductive health outcomes. Since then, new studies have been conducted on the impact of BPA on reproduction.In this review, we summarize data obtained since 2007, focusing on a) findings from human and animal studies, b) the effects of BPA on a variety of reproductive end points, and c) mechanisms of BPA action.We reviewed the literature published from 2007 to 2013 using a PubMed search based on keywords related to BPA and male and female reproduction.Because BPA has been reported to affect the onset of meiosis in both animal and in vitro models, interfere with germ cell nest breakdown in animal models, accelerate follicle transition in several animal species, alter steroidogenesis in multiple animal models and women, and reduce oocyte quality in animal models and women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), we consider it an ovarian toxicant. In addition, strong evidence suggests that BPA is a uterine toxicant because it impaired uterine endometrial proliferation, decreased uterine receptivity, and increased implantation failure in animal models. BPA exposure may be associated with adverse birth outcomes, hyperandrogenism, sexual dysfunction, and impaired implantation in humans, but additional studies are required to confirm these associations. Studies also suggest that BPA may be a testicular toxicant in animal models, but the data in humans are equivocal. Finally, insufficient evidence exists regarding effects of BPA on the oviduct, the placenta, and pubertal development.Based on reports that BPA impacts female reproduction and has the potential to affect male reproductive systems in humans and animals, we conclude that BPA is a reproductive toxicant.