tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Stress in Industry: a Heartache for Middle Management?
Authors: N. van Dijkhuizen, H. Reiche
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

Based on French and Caplan's stress-strain model, a large number of stressors, supposed to lead to psychological, behavioral and physiological strains, was measured in Dutch industries with regard to the position of the middle management. It was possible to reduce the number of stressors to three factors: job ambiguity, work load and poor relations with others. Job ambiguity is the factor with the most negative consequences, regarding cholesterol level and mean arterial pressure. The experience of, as well as the relations between stressors and strains, may be influenced by behavioral dispositions (A/B typology), and contextual variables (company size, hierarchical level).
Filling the Gaps in Bariatric Surgical Research
Authors: Anita P. Courcoulas
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Milk Oral Immunotherapy: A Single-Center Pilot Study of Safety and Efficacy
Authors: R.W. Saltzman, M. Kelleher, T. Brown-Whitehorn, J. Fiedler, J. Corry, L. Gober, E. Dudek, A. Cianferoni, J. Spergel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Procedures in Vascular Surgery—
Authors: James A. Kirtley
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This book is an excellent outline not only for surgical residents but also for anyone interested in this field. It deals with all phases of the surgery of cardiovascular lesions, except cardiac operations, and presents, briefly and clearly, the objectives, indications, contraindications, and preoperative preparations for each procedure. The diagrammatic sketches which depict positioning of the patient, placement of incisions, pathologic changes, and the technique of appropriate procedures are outstanding. Alternative techniques are described in the management of segmental arterial occlusion. Postoperative suggestions, accompanying each procedure, are complete and helpful. The chapters discussing amputations in obliterative arterial diseases and early rehabilitative measures are of great interest and contain several new concepts. The sections dealing with varicose veins, thrombo-embolism and postphlebitic lesions stress the necessity for observance of surgical fundamentals and close care that many of these patients require. The author emphasizes the fact that many of the techniques have been
Immunization of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients with Clustered sTn-KLH Conjugate plus the Immunologic Adjuvant QS-21
Authors: Teresa A. Gilewski, Govind Ragupathi, Maura Dickler, Shemeeakah Powell, Sonal Bhuta, Kathy Panageas, R. Rao Koganty, Jeannette Chin-Eng, Clifford Hudis, Larry Norton, Alan N. Houghton, Philip O. Livingston
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: To determine the clinical toxicities and antibody response against sTn and tumor cells expressing sTn following immunization of high-risk breast cancer patients with clustered sTn-KLH [sTn(c)-KLH] conjugate plus QS-21. Experimental Design: Twenty-seven patients with no evidence of disease and with a history of either stage IV no evidence of disease, rising tumor markers, stage II (≥4 positive axillary nodes), or stage III disease received a total of five injections each during weeks 1, 2, 3, 7, and 19. Immunizations consisted of sTn(c)-KLH conjugate containing 30, 10, 3, or 1 μg sTn(c) plus 100 μg QS-21. Induction of IgM and IgG antibodies against synthetic sTn(c) and natural sTn on ovine submaxillary mucin were measured before and after therapy. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses assessed reactivity of antibodies to LSC and MCF-7 tumor cells. Results: The most common toxicities were transient local skin reactions at the injection site and mild flu-like symptoms. All patients developed significant IgM and IgG antibody titers against sTn(c). Antibody titers against ovine submaxillary mucin were usually of lower titers. IgM reactivity with LSC tumor cells was observed in 21 patients and with MCF-7 cells in 13 patients. There was minimal IgG reactivity with LSC cells. Conclusion: Immunization with sTn(c)-KLH conjugate plus QS-21 is well tolerated and immunogenic in high-risk breast cancer patients. Future trials will incorporate sTn(c) as a component of a multiple antigen vaccine.
Management of patients in persistent vegetative state. Reasons for withdrawing treatment should be explicit.
Authors: J L Walsh, M M McQueen
Journal: BMJ (1993)

But having a motive is only one of the criteria for there being an active intention to bring about death.A second, and more compelling, criterion is that, in patients in a persistent vegetative state, death is certain since food is withdrawn.Perhaps one of the main reasons for moral unease in these cases is the inevitability of the ending of life (by withdrawal of food) when this cannot even be claimed to be in the patient's best interests since he or she is permanently insensate.The negative claim that since the patient lacks any best interests the doctor has no further duty to treat him or her does not seem a sufficient moral justification for ending life in this way.
Problems with long-term endocardial pacing in children.
Authors: A H Siddons, K Chatterjee, A M Harris, M Peard
Journal: Thorax (1970)

Much less is known of the lymphatics of the pleura and chest wall.There are two main directions of lymph flow-forwards to the internal mammary chain of nodes and vessels, and backwards to the posterior mediastinum.Some of the lymphatics of the lower intercostal spaces drain downwards, through the diaphragm, to reach the cisterna chyli.Some of the mediastinal lymphatics communicate directly with the thoracic duct while the majority run upwards to join the paratracheal and pulmonary lymphatics and then drain by one or more vessels into the veins at the base of the neck near the thoracic duct.The radiological appearances of the abnormal lymphatics in lymphangitis carcinomatosa, pulmonary oedema, etc., are discussed.Lymphography W. F. WHITE The lymphatics and lymph nodes draining many parts of the body may now be demonstrated by lymphography.
'You matter to the last moment of your life'
Authors: I. Brignall
Journal: BMJ (2003)

On waking up, my daily routine begins with fitting a prosthetic breast, which I have worn since my mastectomy six years ago. I then fit a tight elastic sleeve and glove to my right hand and arm to help manage the lymphoedema, a painful, debilitating, awkward (yet not uncommon) side effect of breast cancer treatment. I then take nine tablets for my heart condition. I had quadruple heart bypass surgery in 1983 and went into heart failure at the end of last year. Only one of the original four heart grafts is working. This renders me “disabled.” I live with my husband, Eric, who is visually impaired, in Greater Manchester.

I now attend St Ann's Hospice in Manchester for supportive outpatient treatment as part of the day therapy services on offer. I drive for about two hours, twice each month, to see one of the few physiotherapists in north west England who has specialist training in lymphoedema management. I intend to refer myself to another outpatient clinic where a nurse runs sessions helping people manage breathlessness—which has become more distressing since my heart failure. I enjoy my association with St Ann's and feel good about becoming actively engaged with their user involvement facilitator as a …
Effectiveness of Collaborative Care for Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease in Primary Care
Authors: Christopher M. Callahan, Malaz A. Boustani, Frederick W. Unverzagt, Mary G. Austrom, Teresa M. Damush, Anthony J. Perkins, Bridget A. Fultz, Siu L. Hui, Steven R. Counsell, Hugh C. Hendrie
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Most older adults with dementia will be cared for by primary care physicians, but the primary care practice environment presents important challenges to providing quality care.To test the effectiveness of a collaborative care model to improve the quality of care for patients with Alzheimer disease.Controlled clinical trial of 153 older adults with Alzheimer disease and their caregivers who were randomized by physician to receive collaborative care management (n = 84) or augmented usual care (n = 69) at primary care practices within 2 US university-affiliated health care systems from January 2002 through August 2004. Eligible patients (identified via screening or medical record) met diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease and had a self-identified caregiver.Intervention patients received 1 year of care management by an interdisciplinary team led by an advanced practice nurse working with the patient's family caregiver and integrated within primary care. The team used standard protocols to initiate treatment and identify, monitor, and treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, stressing nonpharmacological management.Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) administered at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Secondary outcomes included the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD), cognition, activities of daily living, resource use, and caregiver's depression severity.Initiated by caregivers' reports, 89% of intervention patients triggered at least 1 protocol for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia with a mean of 4 per patient from a total of 8 possible protocols. Intervention patients were more likely to receive cholinesterase inhibitors (79.8% vs 55.1%; P = .002) and antidepressants (45.2% vs 27.5%; P = .03). Intervention patients had significantly fewer behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia as measured by the total NPI score at 12 months (mean difference, -5.6; P = .01) and at 18 months (mean difference, -5.4; P = .01). Intervention caregivers also reported significant improvements in distress as measured by the caregiver NPI at 12 months; at 18 months, caregivers showed improvement in depression as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. No group differences were found on the CSDD, cognition, activities of daily living, or on rates of hospitalization, nursing home placement, or death.Collaborative care for the treatment of Alzheimer disease resulted in significant improvement in the quality of care and in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia among primary care patients and their caregivers. These improvements were achieved without significantly increasing the use of antipsychotics or sedative-hypnotics.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00246896.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of infliximab on psoriatic nails: an unblinded, nonrandomized, open-label study
Authors: D. Rigopoulos, S. Gregoriou, A. Stratigos, G. Larios, C. Korfitis, D. Papaioannou, C. Antoniou, D. Ioannides
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Despite advances in the treatment of skin psoriasis during the last years, therapy of psoriatic nails remains a challenge. Objectives The objective of this unblended, nonrandomized, open-label study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of infliximab on nail psoriasis.Eighteen psoriatic patients with nail involvement, consecutively selected among patients scheduled to start infliximab infusions were included in the study. Thirteen of these patients had psoriatic arthritis and five had severe plaque type psoriasis. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at weeks 14, 22, 30 and 38 using the nail psoriasis severity index (NAPSI). Patients also filled in a Greek translation of the international onychomycosis-specific questionnaire to assess improvement in quality of life after improvement of psoriatic nail signs.All 18 patients completed the study. Significant improvement was noted in most patients after the third infusion as shown by the reduction of mean NAPSI (NAPSIm) from 55.8 at baseline to 29.8 at week 14. Evaluation after six infusions, at week 38, showed an almost complete resolution of psoriatic nail involvement (NAPSIm: 3.3). No adverse event was observed. All patients reported satisfaction with the results and significant improvement in their quality of life with reduction of the score of the international quality of life questionnaire from 66.3 at baseline to 19.1 at week 38.Alphalthough there is no control group, this data suggests that infliximab is effective for psoriatic nail disease in the context of severe skin and joint involvement.
Prognostic value of FDG-PET prior to autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Craig S. Sauter, Matthew J. Matasar, Jessica Meikle, Heiko Schoder, Gary A. Ulaner, Jocelyn C. Migliacci, Patrick Hilden, Sean M. Devlin, Andrew D. Zelenetz, Craig H. Moskowitz
Journal: Blood (2015)
Letter by Dixon et al Regarding Article, “A Randomized Trial of Social Media From <i>Circulation</i> ”
Authors: Andrew Dixon, Ryan T. Fitzgerald, Frank Gaillard
Journal: Circulation (2015)

We read with interest the article by Fox et al 1 showing no significant increase in Circulation journal article views after social media promotion.The researchers randomized 243 articles to promotion on the journal's Facebook and Twitter accounts (n=121) or no promotion (n=122).Median 30 day article views were not significantly different between the groups (409 versus 392; P=0.8).As radiologists with an interest in online education, we recently tracked article views for a journal publication before and after promoting it on social media and would like to briefly present our findings.On October 21, 2014, we wrote a blog piece for the radiology Web site Radiopaedia.
In Reply to Dr. Derbyshire
Authors: William A. D'Angelo
Journal: JAMA (1975)

I am in total agreement with Dr. Derbyshire's elucidation of the various problems concerning foreign medical graduates (FMGs) (p 1034). These problems are not at all new. Foreign medical graduates have been subjected  controversy concerning standards of qualification, as well as exploitation by various institutions. The recommendations Dr. Derbyshire states, besides being unrealistic (as he himself admits), do not take into account many existing policies.  Dr. Derbyshire's first recommendation, to bar admission  this country of all FMGs who have not previously obtained certification by the ECFMG [Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates], would prevent the continuation of the very successful Fifth Pathway Program. This program permits an American who is an FMG  enter into postgraduate training without certification by the ECFMG. Through this Fifth Pathway, the FMGs gain the valuable, necessary clinical experience they must have in order  determine the direction of their postgraduate medical education.
Health sector response to security threats during the civil war in El Salvador
Authors: P. E Brentlinger
Journal: BMJ (1996)

During the recent civil war in E1 Salvador, as in other modern wars, human rights abuses adversely affected health workers, patients, and medical facilities. The abuses themselves have been described in reports of human rights advocacy organisations but health sector adaptations to a hostile wartime environment have not. Agencies engaged in health work during the civil war adapted parties such as training of community based lay health workers, use of simple technology, concealment of patients and medical supplies, denunciation of human rights abuses, and multilevel negotiations in order to continue providing services. The Salvadorean experience may serve as a helpful case study for medical personnel working in wars elsewhere.
Recombinant uteroglobin prevents the experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Dong-Sup Lee, Seung H.E.E. Yang, Hyun L.E.E. Kim, Kwon Wook Joo, Chun Soo Lim, Dong-Wan Chae, Suhnggwon Kim, Jung Sang Lee, Y.O.N.S.U. Kim
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Patient reported outcome measures: researchers ask whether they are up to the job
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Measuring the way that patients experience their treatment is an idea whose time has come but one that still poses big challenges for scientists and clinicians, a leading expert said last week.

Stefan Cano, one of the organisers of last week’s conference of the International Society for Quality of Life Research, spoke to the BMJ about the opportunities and controversies surrounding patient reported outcome measures (PROMs).

He said it was exciting that UK ministers were now actively promoting the use of PROMs in areas such as surgery; and there was also guidance from US and European regulatory bodies on their use to support drug labelling claims.

But he acknowledged that many specialists were in “heated debate” over whether the patient level measurement scales and questionnaires developed so far were “fit for purpose.” Many researchers were also concerned about how the tools could meet standards being set by regulators.

Dr Cano said, “These questionnaires, these scales are becoming very important. And they are here to stay. They are …
Theoretical Foundation of the Balanced Minimum Evolution Method of Phylogenetic Inference and Its Relationship to Weighted Least-Squares Tree Fitting
Authors: R. Desper
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

Due to its speed, the distance approach remains the best hope for building phylogenies on very large sets of taxa. Recently (R. Desper and O. Gascuel, J. Comp. Biol. 9:687–705, 2002), we introduced a new "balanced" minimum evolution (BME) principle, based on a branch length estimation scheme of Y. Pauplin (J. Mol. Evol. 51:41–47, 2000). Initial simulations suggested that FASTME, our program implementing the BME principle, was more accurate than or equivalent to all other distance methods we tested, with running time significantly faster than Neighbor-Joining (NJ). This article further explores the properties of the BME principle, and it explains and illustrates its impressive topological accuracy. We prove that the BME principle is a special case of the weighted least-squares approach, with biologically meaningful variances of the distance estimates. We show that the BME principle is statistically consistent. We demonstrate that FASTME only produces trees with positive branch lengths, a feature that separates this approach from NJ (and related methods) that may produce trees with branches with biologically meaningless negative lengths. Finally, we consider a large simulated data set, with 5,000 100-taxon trees generated by the Aldous beta-splitting distribution encompassing a range of distributions from Yule-Harding to uniform, and using a covarion-like model of sequence evolution. FASTME produces trees faster than NJ, and much faster than WEIGHBOR and the weighted least-squares implementation of PAUP*. Moreover, FASTME trees are consistently more accurate at all settings, ranging from Yule-Harding to uniform distributions, and all ranges of maximum pairwise divergence and departure from molecular clock. Interestingly, the covarion parameter has little effect on the tree quality for any of the algorithms. FASTME is freely available on the web.
Unusual and memorable
Authors: G. D Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

A 36 year old Royal Marine developed unilateral erosive nodal osteoarthritis after frostbite. In 1984 during winter military exercises while in Norway, inadvertently separated from his comrades, he lost his right hand inner glove suffering severe frostbite of his right (dominant) hand. Treated conservatively a slow recovery ensued with return of …
Clinical and Echocardiographic Characteristics of Papillary Fibroelastomas
Authors: Jing Ping Sun, Craig R. Asher, Xing Sheng Yang, Georgiana G. Cheng, Gregory M. Scalia, AnMalek G. Massed, Brian P. Griffin, Norman B. Ratliff, William J. Stewart, James D. Thomas
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (CPF) is a primary cardiac neoplasm that is increasingly detected by echocardiography. The clinical manifestations of this entity are not well described.In a 16-year period, we identified patients with CPF from our pathology and echocardiography databases. A total of 162 patients had pathologically confirmed CPF. Echocardiography was performed in 141 patients with 158 CPFs, and 48 patients had CPFs that were not visible by echocardiography (<0.2 cm), leaving an echocardiographic subgroup of 93 patients with 110 CPFs. An additional 45 patients with a presumed diagnosis of CPF were identified. The mean age of the patients was 60+/-16 years of age, and 46.1% were male. Echocardiographically, the mean size of the CPFs was 9+/-4.6 mm; 82.7% occurred on valves (aortic more than mitral), 43.6% were mobile, and 91.4% were single. During a follow-up period of 11+/-22 months, 23 of 26 patients with a prospective diagnosis of CPF that was confirmed by pathological examination had symptoms that could be attributable to embolization. In the group of 45 patients with a presumed diagnosis of CPF, 3 patients had symptoms that were likely due to embolization (incidence, 6.6%) during a follow-up period of 552+/-706 days.CPFs are generally small and single, occur most often on valvular surfaces, and may be mobile, resulting in embolization. Because of the potential for embolic events, symptomatic patients, patients undergoing cardiac surgery for other lesions, and those with highly mobile and large CPFs should be considered for surgical excision.
Microfiltration method for quantitative study of fibrous particles in biological specimens
Authors: J. Bignon, P. Sebastien, M.C. Jaurand, B. Hem
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Counting coated and uncoated inorganic fibers in sputum has been used to investigate the level of environmental or occupational asbestos exposure and the concentration of fibrous dusts in human lung. Inorganic fibers in sputum were counted by light microscopy after chemical digestion and microfiltration processing. The same method was used for processing gastric juice and lung tissue. There were no ferruginous bodies (FB) in sputum from 49 patients without any asbestos exposure. The study of sputum from 125 patients with various asbestos exposure pointed out a high correlation between the number of FB in sputum and the level of asbestos exposure. These 125 patients were classified into three groups according to the type of their asbestos occupational hazard: group I, raw asbestos workers; group II, workers manufacturing asbestos products; group III, workers with mixed industrial dust exposure. For these three groups, the mean number of FB in sputum was 100, 10, and 1, respectively. The comparison of the FB content of sputum and lung parenchyma showed the absence of FB in sputum when the concentration of FB in lung parenchyma was under 1000/cm3 of lung parenchyma; above this concentration the number of FB in sputum was in good correlation with fiber concentration in lung parenchyma. A preliminary study with the use of gastric juice showed that gastric juice is a less sensitive sample for evaluating fiber concentration in lung. The microfiltration method for the counting of uncoated fibers gave results as accurate as those in the centrifugation method.