tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Farnesoid X Receptor Activation Prevents the Development of Vascular Calcification in ApoE <sup>−/−</sup> Mice With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Shinobu Miyazaki-Anzai, Moshe Levi, Adelheid Kratzer, Tabitha C. Ting, Linda B. Lewis, Makoto Miyazaki
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Vascular calcification is highly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been implicated in the control of lipid, carbohydrate and bile acid metabolism in several cell types. Although recent studies have shown that FXR is also expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells, its physiological role in vasculature tissue remains obscure.Here, we have examined the role of FXR in vascular calcification.The FXR gene, a bile acid nuclear receptor, was highly induced during osteogenic differentiation of bovine calcifying vascular cells (CVCs) and in the aorta of apolipoprotein (Apo)E(-/-) mice with chronic kidney disease which are common tissue culture and mouse model, respectively, for aortic calcification. FXR activation by a synthetic FXR agonist, 6alpha-ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid (INT-747) inhibited phosphate induced-mineralization and triglyceride accumulation in CVCs. FXR dominant negative expression augmented mineralization of CVCs and blocked the anticalcific effect of INT-747 whereas VP16FXR that is a constitutively active form reduced mineralization of CVCs. INT-747 treatment also increased phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). SP600125 (specific JNK inhibitor) significantly induced mineralization of CVCs and alkaline phosphatase expression, suggesting that the anticalcific effect of INT-747 is attributable to JNK activation. We also found that INT-747 ameliorates chronic kidney disease induced-vascular calcification in 5/6 nephrectomized ApoE(-/-) mice without affecting the development of atherosclerosis.These observations provide direct evidence that FXR is a key signaling component in regulation of vascular osteogenic differentiation and, thus representing a promising target for the treatment of vascular calcification.
ACUTE POISONING BY FUMES FROM CELLULOSE ACETATE
Authors: G. Carter
Journal: BMJ (1924)

I K =zc" Jousum -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~__ appetite, he complained of night-sweats and was rapidly losing flesh.On March 17th the right knee was swollen and soon became greatly distended, and there was pronouinced fluctuation.The swelling was not accomnpanied by pain.Salicylates, 4 grams a day, had no effect.On March 20th I asked our surgeon, Dr. Pelissier, to see the patient with me.On hlis advice the left knee was punctured and some pale yellow fluid withdrawn by aspiration.It contained numerous flakes, pointing to the imminence of suippuration.Dr. Lemaiire reported that it contained 95 per cent.polynuclear leucocytes, staininig well (no karyol)sis), anid vEry numoerous pneuino-
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: William J. Catalona
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We commend Dr Krahn and colleagues<sup>1</sup>for their outstanding decision analysis on screening for prostate cancer. They collected and effectively used available literature for a sophisticated Markov model analysis. Despite the use of an artificial one-time screening scenario, their evaluation avoids the bias evident in the accompanying Editorial.<sup>2</sup> The authors provide recommendations regarding PSA and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), but fail to address the role of DRE. Available literature provides no evidence supporting DRE as a screening test for prostate cancer or colorectal cancer. While the authors appear to include DRE in their conclusion "screening for prostate cancer cannot be justified as a rational health policy,"1 they leave DRE out of their recommendation that "asymptomatic men not be screened with PSA or TRUS."<sup>1</sup>Their data support not screening with DRE. The article and Editorial<sup>2</sup>illustrate a difference between generalists' and specialists' approach to prostate
Effects of imidazole-salicylate on renal function and the diuretic action of furosemide in cirrhotic patients with ascites
Authors: Francesco Salerno, Elettra Lorenzano, Alessandra Maggi, Salvatore Badalamenti, Piero Minuz, Maurizio Degan, Benito Chinea, Aurelio Scotti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
Laryngopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: C. C. Wang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THIS report presents a study of a group of patients in whom malignant neoplasm had arisen in the epiglottis, aryepiglottic fold, arytenoid, pyriform sinus and postcricoid. These tumors, often called laryngopharyngeal cancer or "extrinsic cancer of the larynx," may invade the endolarynx or extend to the lateral pharyngeal wall and base of the tongue, and at times the disease is so extensive that the exact site of origin may be difficult to determine. Cancers arising in the laryngopharynx are quite different from those of the endolarynx. They carry a high mortality, recur frequently after operation and metastasize early; often, they . . .
Comparison of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone with low-dose oral prednisolone in acute renal allograft rejection in children.
Authors: N Orta-Sibu, C Chantler, M Bewick, G Haycock
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Two corticosteroid regimens were compared in a randomised, prospective study of 48 consecutive acute rejection episodes occurring at least one month after transplantation in 22 children who had received renal allografts. The higher dose schedule (intravenous methylprednisolone 600 mg/m2 daily for three days) was no more effective than the lower (oral prednisolone 3 mg/kg daily for three days) in reversing rejection, being successful in 70% as opposed to 72% of episodes. Few major side effects were seen with either treatment, but unpleasant sensations were reported much more frequently in the group given intravenous methylprednisolone; this regimen was much more disruptive of the patient9s life. Oral prednisolone in the dosage described is as effective as about 10 times that dose of intravenous methylprednisolone; it is much cheaper and is viewed as less unpleasant by patients.
Olig2-Regulated Lineage-Restricted Pathway Controls Replication Competence in Neural Stem Cells and Malignant Glioma
Authors: Keith L. Ligon, Emmanuelle Huillard, Shwetal Mehta, Santosh Kesari, Hongye Liu, John A. Alberta, Robert M. Bachoo, Michael Kane, David N. Louis, Ronald A. DePinho, David J. Anderson, Charles D. Stiles, David H. Rowitch
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Small-bowel metastasis of malignant melanoma: video capsule endoscopy appearance
Authors: D. Urbain, M. Aerts, H. Reynaert, F. Mana, B. Neyns
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Techniques such as helical computed tomography (CT), [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (fDg-PET)/CT, and capsule endoscopy have replaced the former, less sensitive diagnostic tools for the detection of small-bowel tumors. Identification of tumors by capsule endoscopy has been described in the past few years [1] [2]. Malignant melanoma has a high predisposition to metastasize to the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of small-bowel metastasis of melanoma influences its management, since current modalities of treatment include surgical resection, which increases overall survival [3]. The coal-black appearance of melanoma on capsule endoscopy was first described by Smedegaard [4]. Here, we present the capsule endoscopic appearance of this typical type of melanoma metastasis.
Lesions induced by trauma in pemphigoid
Authors: M.G.C. DAHL, L.J. COOK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Three patients are described with pemphigoid (two with typical adult type and one with juvenile pemphigoid) in whom bullous lesions had clearly been induced by the trauma of scratching. In two patients this phenomenon occurred during the first few weeks of systemic corticosteroid treatment at a time when other lesions were resolving or had completely healed. Although lesions induced by trauma are not usually of great clinical importance, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita may represent a variant of pemphigoid in which trauma‐induced lesions predominate. Induction of pemphigoid lesions by trauma may prove a useful method of studying early immunopathological events.
Laparotomy for Diagnosis of Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: ELLIOTT PERLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1971Laparotomy for Diagnosis of Hodgkin's DiseaseELLIOTT PERLIN, THOMAS F. RYAN, ROSS B. MOQUINELLIOTT PERLINSearch for more papers by this author, THOMAS F. RYANSearch for more papers by this author, ROSS B. MOQUINSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-2-321 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The report of Dr. Aisenberg and colleagues (Ann Intern Med 74:544-547, 1971) further confirms that laparotomy and splenectomy are valuable diagnostic procedures for the accurate determination of intra-abdominal Hodgkin's disease. Our initial experience with the use of these procedures in 30 unselected patients (1, 2), and now with an additional 11, has been similar to theirs.Comparable with their findings, we found splenic involvement in the absence of abdominal lymph node disease. Three IIIB and four IIIA patients were in this category. Contrary to their observations, however, we had three IIIB patients who had retroperitoneal node involvement...References1. PERLIN E, RYAN T, and EBERSOLE J: Laparotomy and splenectomy in the clinical staging of Hodgkin's disease. Milit Med. In press Google Scholar2. PERLIN E, RYAN T, and MOQUIN R: Laparotomy and splenectomy in Hodgkin's disease (letter). Lancet 1:494, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GLATSTEIN E, TIMEBLOOD H, and ENRIGHT L: Surgical staging of abdominal involvement in unselected patients with Hodgkin's disease. Radiology 97:425-432, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. STRUM S and RAPPAPORT H: Significance of focal involvement of lymph nodes for the diagnosis and staging of Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 25:1314-1319, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GRAY H: Anatomy of the Human Body, 27th ed. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1959, p. 801 Google Scholar6. SMITHERS D: Spread of Hodgkin's disease. Lancet 1:1262-1267, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. KAPLAN H: Clinical evaluation and radio-therapeutic management of Hodgkin's disease and the malignant lymphomas. New Eng J Med 278:892-899, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. ULTMANN J: Current status: the management of lymphoma. Seminars Hemat 7:441-460, 1970 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ELLIOTT PERLIN; THOMAS F. RYAN; ROSS B. MOQUINAffiliations: Hematology Branch, Medicine Service Naval Hospital National Naval Medical Center Bethesda, Md. 20014 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIndicazioni e Risultati Preliminari Della Laparotomia Diagnostica Nei Vari Tipi di Linfoma Maligno 1 August 1971Volume 75, Issue 2Page: 321-322KeywordsHodgkin lymphomaLaparotomyLymph nodesSplenectomy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
A CASE OF TRAUMATIC ANEURISM OF THE RIGHT RENAL ARTERY, WITH A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.
Authors: PENN-GASKELL SKILLERN
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Because of its rarity and the few cases that have been successfully operated on, I report this case of traumatic aneurism of the right renal artery that occurred during my service as house surgeon at the German Hospital. This patient was operated on by Dr. John B. Deaver, with whose permission I present the report: <h3>History.</h3> —J. D., male, aged 26, single, machinist, was admitted to the surgical wards of the German Hospital March 17, 1905. There is no hemophiliac, tubercular, neoplastic, cardiac or nephritic history in the family. The man smokes constantly and has used alcoholic beverages freely until lately. He denies venereal history. His appetite has been variable; bowels have usually been regular. <h3>Present Illness.</h3> —When 12 years of age he was thrown from a horse and landed heavily on the ground, the brunt of the blow being received in the right lumbar region. The patient went to
Iron storage, lipid peroxidation and glutathione turnover in chronic anti-HCV positive hepatitis
Authors: Fabio Farinati, Romilda Cardin, Nicola De Maria, Gianni Della Libera, Cinzia Marafin, Enrico Lecis, Patrizia Burra, Annarosa Floreani, Attilio Cecchetto, Remo Naccarato
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)
Significance of Raised Serum-Enzyme Levels in Perforated Peptic Ulcer
Authors: H. Wapshaw
Journal: BMJ (1951)

In this series the mortaiity rate was 10%, and the failure rate with expectant treatment was 12.5%.Thirty-one cases out of 32 with perforated duodenal ulcers recovered under expectant treatment, but only one out of four cases with anterior perforations of the stomach survived.There was a high incidence of chest complications during treatment.The expectant method of treatment has now been abandoned in favour of early laparotomy in every case.
Lung Disease in Cotton Workers
Authors: PHILIP C. PRATT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1983Lung Disease in Cotton WorkersPHILIP C. PRATT, M.D., WILLIAM S. LYNN, M.D.PHILIP C. PRATT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM S. LYNN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-2-278_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In response to our comment (1) that data presented in their paper did not justify their implication that non-smoker retired cotton workers have progressive deterioration in pulmonary function, Beck and associates (2) stated, "The tabulation desired . . . has been given (3) and is consistent with previous results and conclusions." The data, given in their tables 6.10 to 6.13 compare "controls" with the retired cotton workers, both separated into smokers, nonsmokers and exsmokers. We noted (1) that the retirees are a self-selected subgroup and cannot be compared legitimately to the "controls." However, the retirees can be...References1. PRATTLYNN PW. Lung disease in cotton textile workers [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:554. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BECKSCHACHTERMAUNDERSCHILLING GELR. Lung disease in cotton textile workers [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:554-5. LinkGoogle Scholar3 BECKSCHACHTERMAUNDERSCHILLING GELR. Follow-up of Active and Retired Cotton Textile Workers. Report to the U.S. Department of Labor. Springfield, Virginia: National Technical Information Service; 1982. Publication no. PB 92-240516. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke Medical Center Durham, NC 27710 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCotton Dust, Smoking, and the LungPHILIP C. PRATT, M.D., WILLIAM S. LYNN, M.D.Cotton Dust and the LungGERALD J. BECK, PH.D., E. NEIL SCHACHTER, M.D., LUCINDA R. MAUNDER, M.A., RICHARD S.F. SCHILLING, M.D., D.SC. 1 August 1983Volume 99, Issue 2Page: 278-278KeywordsLungsPulmonary diseasesPulmonary function Issue Published: 1 August 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Research Participation and Internal Normativity: Understanding Why People Participate
Authors: Craig L Fry
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

"Research Participation and Internal Normativity: Understanding Why People Participate." The American Journal of Bioethics, 8(10), pp. 43–44 Acknowledgments This work is supported by an NHMRC Australian Public Health Training Fellowship #519556, the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (Children's Bioethics Centre), and University of Melbourne (Centre for Applied Philosophy & Public Ethics.
11 September and after
Authors: E S. Sills
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Future historians will be grateful for Richard Jones' thoughtful report of the attack on the World Trade Center (December 2001 JRSM1). I too witnessed some of those horrors, on my first visit back to New York since my training concluded there in 1998. Shortly after the towers' collapse, visiting physicians offered to help in the confusion that followed. Of course, the heavy casualties did not come, and sadly there was never a need to press volunteer doctors into service. When my conference was over and I was at last allowed to leave on 13 September (New York airports were closed until that date), the return to my infertility practice in Atlanta revealed how far the ripples from those explosions would reach.

At our office, bookings for new patient appointments for the remainder of September dropped to < 30% of the expected volume. Indeed, in the 10 days immediately after the attacks we registered no new patient appointments at all. Perhaps couples used this time to think about their own present circumstance, rather than to plan for a future baby. Alternatively, for safety reasons they may have decided against flying into the world's busiest airport for the required consult in Atlanta. Within 3-4 weeks of 11 September, this low volume had rebounded, and the year-end numbers actually seem to be higher than last year. But why did this happen?

When we attempted to study this patient scheduling behaviour by questionnaire, results were at variance with what we observed directly in clinic. Our centre's internet site, [IVF.com ], continued to register heavy traffic throughout the period corresponding to the terrorist attacks. A poll conducted on that site showed 68% of people ‘intended to undergo fertility treatment as if 11 September never happened’. It must be admitted, however, that intent and action are not always parallel; clicking a computer button is far easier than spending US $ 15 000 for an in vitro fertilization cycle. In any case, the putative impact of recent terrorist activity on consumer attitudes to both urgent and elective medical procedures represents a worthy subject for future study.

As one who found myself in Manhattan that historic morning, my helplessness was probably similar to that of witnesses to the Titanic's iceberg collision or the bombing of Pearl Harbor. For Mr Jones and his example of those who were able to help the victims or their loved-ones in New York, Dante's words seem appropriate: E cio non fa d'onor poco argomento (Honour not small shall be thy recompense).
Pulmonary hypertension in thalassemia: Association with platelet activation and hypercoagulable state
Authors: Sylvia T. Singer, Frans A. Kuypers, Lori Styles, Elliott P. Vichinsky, Drucella Foote, Howard Rosenfeld
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PAH), a serious complication in thalassemia, is not well understood. Thromboembolism has been postulated as one of the causative factors; however, there are currently limited specific data on its role. To examine whether increased platelet activation and hypercoagulability are linked to PAH, 25 β‐thalassemia major and β‐thalassemia intermedia patients were evaluated with Doppler echocardiograms for estimation of pulmonary artery pressure and with laboratory assays for indications of a prothrombotic state. The association of clinical variables and abnormal coagulation assays with PAH was determined. PAH was identified in 17 (68%) patients; mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure was 39.8 ± 5.4 mm Hg. PAH was significantly associated with prior splenectomy, older age, and evidence for chronic hemolysis, diagnosed in both transfused ( n = 10) and nontransfused ( n = 7) patients. Increased platelet activation, measured by P‐selectin, was significantly associated with PAH ( P = 0.001). Increased thrombin‐antithrombin III level was more prevalent in the presence of PAH, but increased fibrinolysis or low protein C levels were not. This study underscores the role of platelet activation in the development of PAH and stresses its occurrence even among patients who are regularly transfused, especially those who are older and have had splenectomies. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of Growth and Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
Authors: Wen-Chang Li, Sheng-Long Ye, Rui-Xia Sun, Yin-Kun Liu, Zhao-You Tang, Youngsoo Kim, James G. Karras, Hong Zhang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and is a devastating clinical complication of chronic liver disease. Therapeutic options are limited mainly because the genetic and biochemical understanding of this disease remains fragmented. We intended to study the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) aberrant signaling in HCC malignancy, and the therapeutic potential of inhibition of STAT3 expression for HCC. Experimental Design: A 2′-O-methoxyethylribose–modified phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was used to knock down STAT3 expression in different human HCC cell lines, including the highly metastatic HCCLM3 derived from orthotopic implantation and subsequent lung metastasis in athymic mice. The effects of STAT3 ASO treatment on HCC cells, metastasis, and animal survival following HCCLM3 orthotopic implantation were evaluated. Results: Specific suppression of phosphorylated STAT3 reduced its DNA-binding activity, inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, survivin, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, reduced cell proliferation and migratory potential, induced apoptosis in vitro, and inhibited intradermal angiogenesis and s.c. tumorigenesis upon injection in mice. In mice bearing orthotopically implanted HCCLM3, STAT3 inhibition following therapeutic treatment with STAT3 ASO reduced circulating vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, decreased intratumor CD34-positive microvessel density, intrahepatic and intraperitoneal transmission, and lung metastasis. HCC tumor volume and weight were reduced and the survival time of mice bearing orthotopically xenografted HCC was approximately doubled in STAT3 ASO–treated mice (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Constitutively activated STAT3 is essential for the growth, survival, and metastasis of HCC, suggesting that STAT3-targeted therapy may have utility for HCC.
Serum lipoprotein AI:AII (LpAI:AII) Concentration is associated with liver fibrosis in drinkers but not serum lipoprotein AI (LpAI) concentration
Authors: T. Poynard, P. Bedossa, A. Abella, A. Aubert, S. Naveau, J.C. Chaput
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1990)
Left atrial isolation combined with mitral valve surgery: Hemodynamic evaluation during cardiopulmonary exercise test
Authors: Giuseppe Boriani, Alessandro Capucci, Giuseppe Marinelli, Mauro Biffi, Salvatore Specchia, Marcella Cazzato, Paolo Sabbatani, Gabriele Bronzetti, Angelo Pierangeli, Bruno Magnani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Bacteraemia in salmonellosis: a 15 year retrospective study from a regional infectious diseases unit.
Authors: B. K. Mandal, J. Brennand
Journal: BMJ (1988)

diuretics; three from progressive cholestasis (two of whom had ascites only in their final weeks of life); and one from chronic hepatic encephalopathy -(without ascites) and bronchopneumonia.Six of the eight patients with a very high initial plasma methionine enkephalin concentration (530-1310 pmol/l) died compared with only one of the 26 patients with lower initial concentrations (50-365 pmol/l; p<0 001, Fisher's exact test).In the six patients with a high initial concentration who died the concentration remained over 500 pmol/l (p<005) whereas in the two who survived it fell to less than 200 pmol/l.The two survivors had ascites when initially tested.They responded well to diuretics and remained free of fluid overload.We thank Dr A D Clayden of the department of com-