tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Canakinumab Relieves Symptoms of Acute Flares and Improves Health-Related Quality Of Life (HRQoL) in Difficult-To-Treat Gouty Arthritis Patients by Suppressing Inflammation: Results of a Randomized, Dose-Ranging Study
Authors: A. So, M. DeMeulenmeester, E. Yücel, U. Arulmani, D. Richard, V. Murphy, P. Sallstig, N. Schlesinger
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Measles Vaccination in Infants-Reply
Authors: Walter A. Orenstein
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The decision to recommend measles vaccination for migrant children as young as 6 months of age during the Texas outbreak was reached after careful consideration of (1) the impact of measles in children aged 6 to 11 months; (2) the risk of measles to children of this age in the migrant population; (3) the potential consequences of vaccinating children this young; and (4) alternative means of measles prophylaxis. Measles can be particularly severe in children younger than 1 year. Infants have consistently had the highest mortality rates and the highest death-to-case ratios.<sup>1-3</sup>Thus, it is important to protect them when they are at high risk of exposure to measles. At the time of the outbreak, Texas was experiencing its most severe measles outbreak in three years. The outbreak began among children seen at migrant health clinics. Many cases occurred in infants who had a high frequency of
Psorias, Methotrexate and Tuberculosis
Authors: I. S. Hodgson-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article Psorias, Methotrexate and Tuberculosis Get access I. S. Hodgson‐Jones I. S. Hodgson‐Jones Kettering and District General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 85, Issue 5, 1 November 1971, Page 498, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14069.x Published: 01 November 1971
Virus linked with prostate cancer
Authors: Tabitha M Powledge
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2006)

New microarray technology has linked a previously unknown virus to prostate cancer, although the exact relation between the virus and prostate cancer is not yet clear. The virus, tentatively named XMRV, is similar to leukaemia viruses that infect mice, but seems to infect only human beings. The lack of studies in animals will complicate efforts to determine the virus’ precise role in prostate cancer, says Eric Klein, (Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA) who reported the study at the American Society for Clinical Oncology Prostate Cancer Symposium (San Francisco, CA, USA; Feb 24–26, 2006). “Identifying the agent does not imply you have identified causality”, cautions Joseph DeRisi (University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA). “Proving causality could take many more years.” DeRisi and colleagues created the virus chip used in the study. The same microarray was used to identify a new coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. Furthermore, the chip is a tool that can be used to investigate any disease of unknown aetiology, especially when the epidemiology of a disease suggests infection is a factor, says DeRisi. Virus was seen in tissues from patients with prostate cancer who were homozygous for a single nucleotide polymorphism, known as R462Q, which codes for a variant, malfunctioning form of RNase L. These men are at substantially increased risk of prostate cancer. According to Klein, about 15% of the population have this variant. It is associated with about 13% of prostate cancer, he adds, making it the most common gene variant linked to any human cancer. The wildtype enzyme degrades single-stranded RNA in response to interferon or viral infection, preventing propagation of viruses once they have infected the cell, and triggering apoptosis in the host cell. The chip contains several thousand conserved sequences from every virus known to infect plants, animals, and humans—a total of nearly 1000 viruses. Researchers use these sequences as probes to uncover previously unknown viruses in tissues. The researchers are also attempting to identify other viruses in cancers—particularly those that occur in patients with compromised immune systems. These include AIDS-related lymphomas and skin cancers associated with solid-organ transplantation.
Serum Enzyme Alterations in Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Theodore L. Munsat
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Serum enzyme studies were made on a large, well-defined group of patients with neuromuscular diseases. Control values for creatine phosphokinase, aldolase, and lactic dehydrogenase were significantly higher in males. (P&lt;.05,.005, and.01, respectively). A rapid drop in creatine phosphokinase was observed after age 10 in patients with Duchenne dystrophy, and after age 20 in carriers with elevated enzyme levels. A significant negative age-enzyme correlation for creatine phosphokinase levels in carriers was observed (r = —.48, P&lt;.01). This emphasizes the importance of early carrier detection studies in the suspect female patient. Elevations in the Becker and Duchenne forms of X-linked dystrophy were found to be similar in frequency and degree, even though the rapidity of cellular breakdown is quite different. Of all the disorders studied, only spinal muscular atrophy demonstrated a positive correlation for creatine phosphokinase disease duration.
Autoantibodies in systemic autoimmune diseases: specificity and pathogenicity
Authors: Jolien Suurmond, Betty Diamond
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

In this Review we focus on the initiation of autoantibody production and autoantibody pathogenicity, with a special emphasis on the targeted antigens. Release of intracellular antigens due to excessive cell death or to ineffective clearance of apoptotic debris, modification of self-antigens during inflammatory responses, and molecular mimicry contribute to the initiation of autoantibody production. We hypothesize that those autoreactive B cells that survive and produce pathogenic autoantibodies have specificity for self-antigens that are TLR ligands. Such B cells experience both B cell receptor (BCR) activation and TLR engagement, leading to an escape from tolerance. Moreover, the autoantibodies they produce form immune complexes that can activate myeloid cells and thereby establish the proinflammatory milieu that further negates tolerance mechanisms of both B and T cells.
THE DIPHTHERIA EPIDEMIC AT NOME
Authors: Curtis Welch
Journal: JAMA (1925)

[Note.—The following letter, written by Dr. Curtis Welch of Nome, Alaska, Feb. 16, 1925, was received, April 12. It affords an insight into the difficulties of medical practice under primitive conditions.—Ed.]  To the Editor:  —I submit the following report of the epidemic of diphtheria occurring in Nome, Alaska, and first reported, Jan. 21, 1925.  After the close of navigation, about Nov. 1, 1924, I noticed that tonsillitis and inflammatory diseases of the throat were unusually prevalent. Some of the cases had the appearance of diphtheria. I have been practicing in the vicinity for eighteen years and in all that time I had not seen, nor has there been reported, a case of diphtheria in this division. Many cases were seen in this eighteen years that were suggestive of diphtheria, but time always proved that they were one of the various forms of inflammatory diseases of the throat.  In
Endotoxin-induced mortality in bile duct?ligated rats after administration of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein
Authors: M SEWNATH, H LEVELS, R ELFERINK, C VANNOORDEN, F TENKATE, S VANDEVENTER, D GOUMA
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Cholestatic patients have substantial morbidity because of increased susceptibility to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]). Although reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) can bind and neutralize LPS, cholestasis is associated with a near complete absence of HDL. Effects of rHDL infusion on the outcome of LPS-induced inflammatory responses in cholestatic rats were determined. Bile duct-ligated (BDL) and sham rats were treated with rHDL or saline and challenged with LPS. Distribution of cholesterol over the lipoprotein subclasses changed by ligation: levels in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were increased 2-fold and 5-fold, respectively, and were decreased in HDL 2-fold. rHDL treatment did not affect cholesterol distribution. LPS was mainly found in the HDL fraction, and ligation affected only levels of HDL-bound LPS (50% decrease; P<.05). Although rHDL infusion effectively normalized the lipoprotein-bound LPS distribution, it resulted in increased sensitivity (mortality: 88% in the ligation + rHDL group versus 44% in the ligation + saline group, 25% in the sham + saline group, and 0% in the sham + rHDL group, P <.05). In accordance with these results, plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was significantly highest in the BDL + rHDL group at several hours after LPS challenge as well as the accumulation of LPS in the liver (P<.05). rHDL infusion leads to increased LPS-induced mortality in cholestatic rats. These results sharply contrast with the protective effects of rHDL suppletion in experimental endotoxemia in animals and human volunteers without biliary obstruction and suggest that there may be danger in administration of rHDL to cholestatic patients.
Perfusion techniques in the preservation of the isolated canine lung
Authors: D. B. Clarke
Journal: Thorax (1969)

An experimental technique is described whereby the isolated lung is perfused by means of its respiratory excursion. No perfusion pump is required. Lungs were subjected to positive and negative pressure inflation in a sealed box and were perfused with either blood or blood and low molecular weight dextran at 36° C. and 23°C. In all experiments gross histological changes and pulmonary oedema developed within four hours. Marginally longer perfusions were obtained than in a control series in which a roller pump was used.
Inner city general practice.
Authors: D C Morrell
Journal: BMJ (1980)

DNA strand breaks induced by alkylating agents, oxidants, or ionizing radiation trigger the covalent modification of nuclear proteins with poly(ADP-ribose), which is catalyzed for the most part by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and plays a role in DNA base-excision repair. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity of mononuclear blood cells correlates positively with life span of mammalian species. Here, we show that l-selegiline, an anti-Parkinson drug with neuroprotective activity and life span-extending effect in laboratory animals, can potentiate γ-radiation-induced poly(ADP-ribose) formation in intact cells. COR4 hamster cells were incubated with l-selegiline (50 nM) for various time periods, followed by γ-irradiation (45 Gy). Quantification of cellular poly(ADP-ribose) levels at 10 min after starting the irradiation revealed significant increases (up to 1.8-fold) in cells preincubated with the drug for 8 h to 7 days compared with drug-free irradiated controls. There was no selegiline-induced change in poly(ADP-ribose) levels of unirradiated cells nor in basal or radiation-induced DNA strand breaks, respectively. Surprisingly, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 protein was down-regulated by l-selegiline treatment. Addition of l-selegiline to purified poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 did not alter enzymatic activity. In conclusion, the results of the present study identify a novel intervention to potentiate the cellular poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation response. We hypothesize that the effect of l-selegiline is due to modulation of accessory proteins regulating poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity and that increased cellular poly- (ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity may contribute to the neuroprotective potential and/or life span extension afforded by l-selegiline.
Chromosome–specific microsatellite sets for fluorescence–based, semi–automated genome mapping
Authors: P. W. Reed, J. L. Davies, J. B. Copeman, S. T. Bennett, S. M. Palmer, L. E. Pritchard, S. C. L. Gough, Y. Kawaguchi, H. J. Cordell, K. M. Balfour, S. C. Jenkins, E. E. Powell, A. Vignal, J. A. Todd
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Worksite Health Promotion and Health Care Costs and Utilization
Authors: Howard Frumkin
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The evaluation of Johnson &amp; Johnson's Live for Life (LFL) Program<sup>1</sup>is disturbing in two ways. First, the<i>JAMA</i>report did not adequately convey the equivocal nature of the results. Second, the report has been misused in subsequent commercial promotion. The report does not establish a causal relation between LFL and decreases in medical costs. Such a relation, as described by the authors, is biologically implausible. The authors' Table 2 shows that companies without LFL (group 3) spent about 50% more on inpatient medical costs than those with LFL (groups 1 and 2) in 1983, the last year studied. Two aspects of these data are curious. First, the savings were realized within 18 to 30 months of implementing LFL and did not increase with longer-term LFL use. Second, the savings were realized almost entirely in decreased hospital days per 1000 employees, rather than in fewer admissions.
TCT-624 Real-time utilisation of instant wave-free ratio (iFR) is feasible when performed by clinicians: results of the ADVISE in-practice, an international, multi-centre evaluation of iFR in clinical practice
Authors: Ricardo Petraco, Luc Janssens, Eric van Belle, Farrel Hellig, Martin Mates, Steven Haine, Kunihiro Sakoda, Ciro Indolfi, Andrew Sharp, Rasha Al-Lamee, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Waldemar Bojara, Flavio L. Ribichini, Christian Vrints, Tim P. van de Hoef, Carlo Di Mario, Javier Escaned, Matthias Gotberg, Mauro Echavarria-Pinto, Hitoshi Matsuo, M. Meuwissen, Jan Piek, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Justin E. Davies
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Activated Coagulation Time As Screening Test
Authors: Paul G. Hattersley
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To The Editor.—</h3> A great many physicians at present use the activated coagulation time of whole blood (ACT)<sup>1</sup>as a means of monitoring heparin therapy of thromboembolic disease,<sup>2</sup>or control of heparin in the renal dialysis unit. Some use it to monitor the response of the hemophilic patient to infusions of factor VIII,<sup>3</sup>while in many laboratories this test is used as a routine preoperative screening test for coagulopathies.<sup>4</sup> It should be of interest to your readers, therefore, to hear that Becton-Dickinson Co, the manufacturer of the tube used solely for this purpose (3206 XF 136), has discontinued its production. In its place, they will soon be distributing a new tube, 3206 XF 534. The importance of the change stems from the fact that the coagulation times are by no means identical in the two tubes. In our hands, parallel studies of "new" and "old" ACTs
Therapeutic Options for Persistent Asthma
Authors: Stephen T. Holgate
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PREVENTION OF PUERPERAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN CLINICAL OBSTETRICS
Authors: F. Ivens
Journal: BMJ (1925)

fmTim ITlTtls 589 of the same material.A loop of jejunum was brought up through the transverse mesocolon and sewn to the back wall of the stomach along a selected line, a little on the cardiac side of the middle of the stomach.Tlhick black thread was used.The stomach was divided near the line already mentioned between two clamps so that no leakage occurred.An opening the same size as the one in the stomach was made in the jejunum and an anastomosis made as in gastro-jejunostomy, black thread being used throughout.The sewing of the j ej unum to the stomach
Allen and Doisy's 'An Ovarian Hormone'
Authors: Arthur T. Hertig
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The term<i>hormone</i>was first coined in 1904 by W. M. Bayliss and C. H. Starling "for the active substances secreted into the blood stream or tissue fluids by the ductless or endocrine glands."<sup>1</sup>Adrenaline was the first hormone to be obtained in pure form from the medulla of the adrenal gland; watery extracts were obtained in 1894 by G. Oliver and E. H. Schafer; subsequently, J. J. Abel and A. C. Crawford in 1897 isolated an ester of the hormone — assumed to be the hormone itself — whereas in 1901, J. Takamine and B. Aldrich apparently succeeded in obtaining adrenaline itself in crystalline form, although it was shown later to be mixed with noradrenaline, a closely related hormone.<sup>1</sup> In 1902, Bayliss and Starling had discovered secretin, which is elaborated by the intestinal mucosa when stimulated by hydrochloric acid from the stomach. The hormone, thus obtained, when
The Battle for Hospital Privileges-Reply
Authors: William J. Tabor
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The author's remarks reveal a fundamental misconception of the purpose of the LAW AND MEDICINE features published byThe Journal. These articles are not intended to provide a forum for expression of personal viewpoints or opinions of their authors but rather "to keep [<i>JAMA</i>] readers abreast of what<i>the courts are doing</i>in matters that affect the lives and interests of physicians" (emphasis mine) (1982; 248:473). Accordingly, the "journalistic tone" of these features is, and should be, one of balanced objectivity, not critical advocacy on behalf of one viewpoint over another. Due allowance is made by the editors of<i>JAMA</i>for publication of statements of editorial opinion in a form and manner in which they may clearly be recognized as such. The author's observation that the interests of the individual physician often do not coincide with those of the hospital is hardly open to controversy. The LAW AND
<i>The Painful Prescription:</i>a Procrustean Perspective?
Authors: Frances H. Miller, Graham A.H. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The United States and Great Britain have often been called two countries divided by a common language. In the field of medicine, common language facilitates comparisons, but it can obscure basic value differences as well. Henry Aaron, Ph.D., and William Schwartz, M.D., in their influential book The Painful Prescription: Rationing Hospital Care,1 analyzed how and why Britain (as compared with the United States) has apparently limited the use of such high-technology procedures as kidney dialysis, CT scans, coronary-artery surgery, x-ray films, and intensive care beds. The authors then speculated about whether similar responses will be forthcoming in this country . . .
Expression of sprouty2 inhibits B-cell proliferation and is epigenetically silenced in mouse and human B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Matthew J. Frank, David W. Dawson, Steven J. Bensinger, Jason S. Hong, Wendy M. Knosp, Lizhong Xu, Cynthia E. Balatoni, Eric L. Allen, Rhine R. Shen, Dafna Bar-Sagi, Gail R. Martin, Michael A. Teitell
Journal: Blood (2009)
How to Manage a 36-Year-Old Man With Coronary Disease
Authors: Michael W. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Dunn's response to the question of how best to manage a 36year-old man with coronary artery disease<sup>1</sup>overlooked an important consideration. While this patient has risk factors for coronary artery disease (smoking, obesity, and hypertension), it is my opinion that any 36-year-old with advanced coronary atherosclerosis should be screened for elevation of serum lipid levels. Familial hypercholesterolemia and familial combined hyperlipidemia are common in those who present with coronary disease at an early age,<sup>2</sup>and although the efficacy of cholesterollowering treatment in the setting of advanced coronary artery disease remains controversial,<sup>3</sup>identification of a lipid disorder in the patient described would be beneficial in several ways. First, it would affect the selection of the most appropriate antihypertension regimen (thiazides and β-blockers both lead to elevations of the low-density lipoprotein level). In addition, it would provide greater impetus to the patient to attempt to achieve
The nursing profession's coming of age: Separate but complementary
Authors: Anthony Papagiannis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The nursing profession's coming of age The end of medicine as a professionEditor-Young describes the coming of age of the nursing profession. 1 All professions and occupations are human creations and therefore are subject to change.With the widening of roles of many professions, it becomes harder to define what a doctor can do that can't be done by an appropriately trained member of another profession.Perhaps major surgery and certifying cause of death are all that remains.With the increasing difficulty of getting junior doctors to do anything that may be regarded as work (rather than education) we doctors may be engineering the abolition of our profession, and we may move from distinct professions to practitioners from varied backgrounds being trained for a particular function.
P730 ADVERSE EVENTS AND CO-MEDICATION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN DUAL- AND TRIPLE-COMBINATION THERAPIES IN GENOTYPE 1 PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: E. Schott, A. Schober, R. Link, B. Weber, A. Rieke, G. Moog, U. Spengler, R. Heyne, M.-C. Jung, G. Teuber, M. Frank Doss, M. Roessle, S. Mauss, U. Alshuth, D. Hueppe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
CHEMICAL FINDINGS IN THE BLOOD OF THE DOG AFTER TEMPORARY OBSTRUCTION OF THE PYLORUS
Authors: Russell L. Haden, Thomas G. Orr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

The toxemia characteristic of upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction may be produced by temporary obstruction of the pylorus. This procedure affords an opportunity for studying the toxemia in the absence of mechanical factors, operative risk, and infection. Animals which spontaneously recover from the toxemia may show a return of the blood chloride to normal when only distilled water is given. In such instances there must be a redistribution of the body store of chlorides. The administration of sodium chloride by mouth to animals which show a toxemia without evidence of spontaneous recovery causes a rapid return of the blood to normal. There is a marked diuresis with high nitrogen excretion during the toxemia. This is evidently due to the increased protein destruction. The return of the blood chlorides to normal causes a cessation of the increased protein destruction.