tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: GEORGE V. TAPLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1978Diagnosis of Pulmonary EmbolismGEORGE V. TAPLIN, M.D.GEORGE V. TAPLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-1-140_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: As the developer of radioalbumin macroaggregates for lung perfusion scanning and radioaerosol inhalation procedures for the assessment of airway patency and regional ventilatory function, plus having had extensive experience with these procedures and with radioactive gases in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism, I must disagree with the main thrust of Dr. Eugene Robin's paper in the December 1977 issue (Ann Intern Med87:775-781 1977). His analysis is commendable for recognizing the high incidence of misdiagnoses of pulmonary embolism in the past, especially in previously healthy persons, many of whom may well have received prolonged and unnecessary...References1. DE NARDODE NARDO GS: The lung, in Clinical Scintillation Imaging, 2nd ed., edited by FREEMAN LM, JOHNSON PM. New York, Grune and Stratton, 1975, pp. 461-536 Google Scholar2. MOSER K: Pulmonary embolism. Am Rev Respir Dis 115:829-852, 1977 MedlineGoogle Scholar3. TAPLINCHOPRA GS: Inhalation lung imaging with radioactive aerosols and gases, in Progress in Nuclear Medicine, edited by GUTER M. Basel, S. Karger, in press, 1978 Google Scholar4. ISAWATAPLINBEAZELLCRILEY TGJJ: Experimental pulmonary artery occlusion—acute and chronic effects on relative ventilation and perfusion. Radiology 102:101-109, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. TAPLINTASHKINCHOPRAANSELMIELAMCALVARESECOULSONDETELSROKAW GDSODBARS: Early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using radionuclide lung-imaging procedures. Chest 71:567-575, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GEORGE V. TAPLIN, M.D.Affiliations: UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA 90024 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1978Volume 89, Issue 1Page: 140-140KeywordsInhalationLungsPulmonary embolism ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Rewarding Women in Academic Medicine
Authors: Allen B. Weisse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 April 1994Rewarding Women in Academic MedicineAllen B. Weisse, MDAllen B. Weisse, MDSpringfield, NJ 07081Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-8-199404150-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their comparison of the status of women and men in academic medicine, Carr and colleagues [1] might have arrived at more tangible conclusions if they had evaluated their data differently. They compared men with women whose year of graduation from medical school was, on average, 5 years later. Not surprisingly, the women had lower pay and academic rank. It would have been much more valid and informative to compare them with men of similar seniority, data that were available to the authors from their survey. Was this done? A similar correction factor should have been made ...REFERENCE1. Carr PL, Friedman RH, Moskowitz MA, Kazis LE. Comparing the status of women and men in academic medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:908-13. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Springfield, NJ 07081 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 8Page: 697-698KeywordsAcademic medicineChildrenInfants Issue Published: 15 April 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Treatment of detainees in South Africa
Authors: R. Gude
Journal: BMJ (1983)

continue to see, patients with prolonged prothrombin times (120-180 s; normal, 12 s) without any clinical signs of bleeding, and others with short prothrombin times (17-19 s) who have haemorrhagic episodes.'Is it not time we were honest with ourselves and admitted that the committees on stan- dardisation of thromboplastin serve no real purpose?Despite many claims, the best thromboplastin reagent to use is that which, through experience, gives reasonable control to suit one's own patients.None of the thromboplastin reagents, standard or other- wise, can provide absolute criteria as to the occurrence of bleeding complications.
Dutch model of maternity care Midwifery led service is safe
Authors: P Clarke, A Toms, T Bamfield, S Jones, L Mascarenhas, F Bievliet, H Gee, M Whittle
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - We take issue with some of the points raised by Lawrence Mascarenhas and colleagues in their letter on the Dutch model of maternity care led by midwives.1 Their claims are unsubstantiated, their citation of the literature is selective, and their interpretation of the statistics on maternal mortality is imprecise. They claim that women's choice is denied by midwives in the Netherlands. Their anecdote that “one of us is Dutch, and his sister had …” serves to emphasise that fact that they could not find any proper evidence to substantiate that claim.

They then mention the “unacceptably” high perinatal mortality among babies transferred to obstetricians by midwives in the Wormerveer study in the Netherlands, presumably to show that the Dutch system leads to a poor perinatal outcome. The high perinatal mortality of 51.7/1000 was in the subgroup (17.8% of all women) referred to an obstetrician antenatally because the midwife had detected a deviation from the norm, such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, and threatened preterm labour. On the other hand, the perinatal mortality …
PERFORMANCE REPORTS AND THE UTILIZATION OF GUIDELINE-BASED THERAPIES IN A LARGE CLINICAL TRIAL POPULATION ENROLLED AFTER AN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: INSIGHTS FROM THE SOLID-TIMI 52 TRIAL
Authors: Dylan Steen, Christopher Cannon, Shruti Daga, Mary Ann Lukas, Anton Oude Ophuis, Nikolai Gratsiansky, Sharon Crugnale, Jennifer B. Shannon, Michelle O’Donoghue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Insulin-like growth factor-1 is a potent neuronal rescue agent after hypoxic-ischemic injury in fetal lambs.
Authors: B M Johnston, E C Mallard, C E Williams, P D Gluckman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

This study was designed to determine the potential of IGF-1 as a neuronal rescue agent after cerebral ischemia. Unanesthetized late gestation fetal sheep were subjected to 30-min cerebral ischemia by inflation of carotid artery occluder cuffs. 2 h later either 0.1 microgram rhIGF-1, 1 microgram rhIGF-1, 10 micrograms rhIGF-1, or vehicle was infused into a lateral cerebral ventricle over 1 h. Histologic outcome was assessed 5 d later. Overall neuronal loss was reduced with 0.1 microgram (P < 0.05) and 1 microgram (P < 0.002) rhIGF-1, but treatment with 10 micrograms was not effective. With 1 microgram rhIGF-1 neuronal loss scores were significantly lower in brain regions examined including cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, whereas with 0.1 microgram rhIGF-1 the parietal cortex and thalamus were not improved and the improvement seen in other regions was less than with 1 microgram rhIGF-1. Treatment with 1 microgram rhIGF-1 also delayed the onset of seizures and reduced their incidence. Moreover, the secondary phase of cytotoxic edema was reduced and delayed in onset. We conclude that low dose rhIGF-1 therapy promotes neuronal rescue after cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury in utero, but the effect is dose dependent. Importantly, rhIGF-1 is effective and nontoxic when administered 2 h after the hypoxic ischemic insult. This distinguishes IGF-1 from most other neuroprotective therapies and suggests clinical application may be possible.
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation by mechanical stretch is integrin-dependent and matrix-specific in rat cardiac fibroblasts.
Authors: D A MacKenna, F Dolfi, K Vuori, E Ruoslahti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Integrins, which connect the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and mediate a variety of signaling cascades, may transduce mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals. We studied integrin- and matrix-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK2), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK1), and p38 in response to 4% static biaxial stretch in rat cardiac fibroblasts. ERK2 and JNK1, but not p38, were rapidly activated by stretch when the fibroblasts were allowed to synthesize their own matrices. When the cells were limited to specific matrix substrates, ERK2 and JNK1 were differentially activated: ERK2 was only activated when the cells were plated on fibronectin, while JNK1 was activated when the cells were plated on fibronectin, vitronectin, or laminin. Plating cells on collagen before stretching did not activate either kinase. Adhesion to all matrices was integrin-dependent because it could be blocked by inhibitors of specific integrins. ERK2 activation could be blocked with a combination of anti-alpha4 and -alpha5 antibodies and an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide, while the antibodies or peptide used separately failed to block ERK2 activation. This result suggests that at least two integrins, alpha4beta1 and an RGD-directed, non-alpha5beta1 integrin, activate ERK2 in response to mechanical stimulation. Activation of JNK1 could not be blocked with the inhibitors, suggesting that an RGD-independent integrin or integrins other than alpha4beta1 can activate JNK1 in cells adherent to fibronectin. This study demonstrates that integrins act as mechanotransducers, providing insight into potential mechanisms for in vivo responses to mechanical stimuli.
THE INCIDENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PIGMENTED NAEVI IN UGANDAN AFRICANS
Authors: M. G. LEWIS, K. JOHNSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

SUMMARY. The frequency and regional distribution of pigmented naevi has been studied in Ugandan Africans. An average of 11 naevi was present in each adult. The association between the distribution of naevi and that of malignant melanoma is discussed and evidence is presented that pigmented skin is able to prevent the malignant transformation of naevi and the spread of already established malignant melanoma.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Thrombin Injection for the Treatment of Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: H. Roach, S. A. Roberts, R. Salter, I. M. Williams, A. M. Wood
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

A pseudoaneurysm is a contained leak from an artery which remains in communication with the arterial lumen. Pseudoaneurysm formation is an uncommon but well-recognised complication of pancreatitis [1]. It is associated with a mortality of up to 50 % [1], or over 90 % if leaking or ruptured and untreated [2]. Conventional treatment is surgical ligation but, more recently, treatment strategies that utilise interventional radiological techniques such as angiographic embolisation have been developed to treat pseudoaneurysms. These techniques require selective catheterisation of the vessel supplying the pseudoaneurysm and its occlusion with coils or other thrombogenic agents.
Salt and Hypertension
Authors: Belding H. Scribner
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The controversy over whether  habitual level of sodium chloride intake has any causal relationship to hypertension has continued since  pioneering work of Ambard and Beaujard1and Allen.2At  turn of  century, Ambard and Beaujard were among  first to point an accusing finger at high salt intake as a major factor in  pathogenesis of essential hypertension. The article by Holden et al in this issue (p 365) represents a novel approach to  problem of trying to correlate habitual salt intake with BP in a large population. Their negative results agree well with those of numerous previous studies of other large population groups.3,4  Meneely and Battarbee5explained why all such studies fail to reveal  true relationship between sodium intake and essential hypertension. Meneely and Battarbee have termed it the saturation effect. What that means requires some explanation, which I have
Developmental Immunology and Host Defense: Kinetics of Postnatal Maturation of Immune Competence as a Potential Etiologic Factor in Early Childhood Asthma
Authors: Patrick Holt
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"Developmental Immunology and Host Defense: Kinetics of Postnatal Maturation of Immune Competence as a Potential Etiologic Factor in Early Childhood Asthma." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 151(2_pt_2), pp. S11–S13
THE VALUE OF BLOOD CHEMISTRY IN PREGNANCY
Authors: CHARLES W. O. BUNKER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

This study in chemical examination of the blood 1 in pregnancy was begun with the idea that, by a systematic monthly blood examination, we might be enabled to discover some finding that would give warning of impending toxemia, possibly before the onset of clinical evidence. Accordingly, a number of patients, when they presented themselves for engagement for confinement, were started on the routine examination, which was repeated monthly. In the series, we observed fifty-two patients who had normal pregnancy and normal labor. However, there were in this group a number with only one examination, because of the inaccessibility of the laboratory. The results of our observations in this group of normal cases are given in Table 1. In Chart 1, we have plotted the curves of the monthly averages of this normal group.  For the second and third months there were only six estimations, but for each of the succeeding
Outcomes of 6906 Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Era of Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: David O. Williams, J. Dawn Abbott, Kevin E. Kip
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The DEScover Registry was designed to characterize patients selected for drug-eluting stents (DES) in routine clinical practice and their outcomes in the United States. From January to June 2005, data were collected on 6906 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention at 140 medical centers. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared on the basis of treatment with > or =1 bare-metal (BMS; n=397), sirolimus-eluting (SES; n=3873), or paclitaxel-eluting (PES; n=2636) stent. Clinical characteristics and the types of lesion treated for BMS patients differed substantially from those treated with DES, but minimal differences were noted between DES patients receiving SES or PES. At 1 year, the unadjusted cumulative incidence of death/myocardial infarction was higher in BMS than in DES patients (9.0% versus 5.2%; P=0.002) but similar in SES and PES patients (5.2% versus 5.3%; P=0.64). After adjustment, risk of death/MI was not significantly lower in DES- compared with BMS-treated patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 1.07). Although target vessel revascularization occurred less often in DES patients (9.5% versus 6.0%; P=0.007), rates were similar between SES and PES patients (6.3% versus 5.5%; P=0.20). Rates of stent thrombosis were similar among BMS (0.8%), SES (0.5%), and PES (0.8%) patients. In DEScover, differences in patient selection were observed between BMS and DES patients but not between SES and PES patients. DES use resulted in lower rates of clinically driven repeat revascularization with similar rates of stent thrombosis. These observations confirm the effectiveness and safety of both SES and PES in unselected patients.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-II Methylation Status in Lymphocyte DNA and Colon Cancer Risk in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort
Authors: Rudolf Kaaks, Pär Stattin, Stéphanie Villar, Anna R. Poetsch, Laure Dossus, Alexandra Nieters, Elio Riboli, Richard Palmqvist, Göran Hallmans, Christoph Plass, Marlin D. Friesen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII) gene is a frequent phenomenon in colorectal tumor tissues. Previous reports indicated that subjects with colorectal neoplasias show LOI of IGFII in circulating lymphocytes. Furthermore, LOI of IGFII is strongly related to the methylation of a differentially methylated region (DMR) in intron 2 of IGFII, suggesting that the methylation status could serve as a biomarker for early detection. Thus, hypermethylation of this DMR, even at a systemic level, e.g., in lymphocyte DNA, could be used for screening for colon cancer. To validate this, we performed a case-control study of 97 colon cancer cases and 190 age-matched and gender-matched controls, nested within the prospective Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study cohort. Methylation levels of the IGFII-DMR in lymphocyte DNA were measured at two specific CpG sites of the IGFII-DMR using a mass-spectrometric method called short oligonucleotide mass analysis, the measurements of which showed high reproducibility between replicate measurements for the two CpG sites combined and showed almost perfect validity when performed on variable mixtures of methylated and unmethylated standards. Mean fractions of CpG methylation, for the two CpG sites combined, were identical for cases and controls (0.47 and 0.46, respectively; Pdifference = 0.75), and logistic regression analyses showed no relationship between colon cancer risk and quartile levels of CpG methylation. The results from this study population do not support the hypothesis that colon cancer can be predicted from the different degrees of methylation of DMR in the IGFII gene from lymphocyte DNA. [Cancer Res 2009;69(13):5400–5]
HIV Protease Inhibitor Nelfinavir Inhibits Growth of Human Melanoma Cells by Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest
Authors: Wei Jiang, Peter J. Mikochik, Jin H. Ra, Hanqin Lei, Keith T. Flaherty, Jeffrey D. Winkler, Francis R. Spitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract HIV protease inhibitors (HIV PI) are a class of antiretroviral drugs that are designed to target the viral protease. Unexpectedly, this class of drugs is also reported to have antitumor activity. In this study, we have evaluated the in vitro activity of nelfinavir, a HIV PI, against human melanoma cells. Nelfinavir inhibits the growth of melanoma cell lines at low micromolar concentrations that are clinically attainable. Nelfinavir promotes apoptosis and arrests cell cycle at G1 phase. Cell cycle arrest is attributed to inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and concomitant dephosphorylation of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor. We further show that nelfinavir inhibits CDK2 through proteasome-dependent degradation of Cdc25A phosphatase. Our results suggest that nelfinavir is a promising candidate chemotherapeutic agent for advanced melanoma, for which novel and effective therapies are urgently needed. [Cancer Res 2007;67(3):1221–7]
The microtubule-targeting agent CA4P regresses leukemic xenografts by disrupting interaction with vascular cells and mitochondrial-dependent cell death
Authors: Isabelle Petit, Matthias A. Karajannis, Loic Vincent, Lauren Young, Jason Butler, Andrea T. Hooper, Koji Shido, Hermann Steller, David J. Chaplin, Eric Feldman, Shahin Rafii
Journal: Blood (2007)
Longitudinal Patterns of Predominant Disease Activity (PDA) in Pediatric Patients Receiving Care in an Inner City Asthma Disease Management Program: The Breathmobile Program™
Authors: L. Scott, B. Nichols, K.Y. Kwong, T. Morphew, L.T. Clement, F. Lifson, C.A. Jones
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Prognostic significance of precordial ST segment depression during inferior myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era: Results in 16,521 patients
Authors: Eric D. Peterson, William R. Hathaway, K. Michael Zabel, Karen S. Pieper, Christopher B. Granger, Galen S. Wagner, Eric J. Topol, Eric R. Bates, Maarten L. Simoons, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
SECOND BIRTH WITH SPINA BIFIDA
Authors: G. J. Ferreira
Journal: JAMA (1928)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, March 24, page 997, it is stated that there is on record one case of spina bifida in a subsequent pregnancy. I know of a case in which a young primipara was delivered of a full term girl with a spina bifida in June, 1922. This child died at about the age of 7 months. In 1926 the woman became pregnant again and was delivered at term of another spina bifida baby. This child was operated on and died at about six weeks.
Epilepsy: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Carla Hellekson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

In Epilepsy: Diagnosis and Management , editors Thomas R. Browne and Robert G. Feldman, MD, succeed admirably in their purpose,  present concise, up-to-date, and clinically oriented reviews of each of the major  in the diagnosis and management of epilepsy. In 31 carefully edited chapters, topics are presented by invited authors in a consistent textbook format with helpful tables and figures for review and reference. Standard headings allow quick pinpointing of specific information from chapter to chapter.  The initial three chapters review the basic mechanisms and classification of the epilepsies. Complicated neurophysiological concepts are conveyed to the reader in an effective yet succinct manner. Chapters 4 through 10 deal with specific seizure types, and include an important discussion of borderline areas or pseudoseizures and migraines. The next 15 chapters focus on different management strategies including the EEG, antiepileptic drugs, behavioral methods, surgical intervention, nursing, and community resources. The final six
Consumer groups call for decision on cancer risk of mobile phones to be delayed
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A meeting on 24-31 May to assess the carcinogenicity of mobile phones and wireless technologies has gone ahead despite calls from a group of organisations to postpone it until full results of a major study are published.

The meeting, organised by International Agency for Research in Cancer which is part of the World Health Organization, aims to evaluate the available evidence to develop a monograph on the issue, as part of the agency’s core mission to prevent cancer. It is likely to classify the carcinogenicity to humans of mobile phones and wireless devices.

However, the group calling for the meeting to be delayed, led by the International Electromagnetic Fields Alliance, believes this cannot happen until full results …
Reply to Kutsal Yorukoglu, Burcin Tuna and Ziya Kirkali’s Letter to the Editor re: Matthias May, Sabine Brookman-Amissah, Jan Roigas, et al. Prognostic Accuracy of Individual Uropathologists in Noninvasive Urinary Bladder Carcinoma: A Multicentre Study Comparing the 1973 and 2004 World Health Organisation Classifications. Eur Urol 2010;57:850–8
Authors: Sven Gunia, Sabine Brookman-May, Matthias May
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Claim for major advance in treatment of perforated peptic ulcer seems premature
Authors: I. L P Beales
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—In their review of recent advances in general surgery Corvera and Kirkwood conclude that recognition of the importance of Helicobacter pylori in perforated peptic ulcer disease has led to a change in management strategy.1 They advocate a move away from acid-reductive surgery to simple closure with subsequent anti- H pylori treatment. While a reduction in the complexity of surgical intervention might be welcome, the published evidence does not support such a central role for …