tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
β2-Adrenoceptor Activation Attenuates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Akio Nakamura, Akira Imaizumi, Yukishige Yanagawa, Takao Kohsaka, Edward J. Johns
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Abnormalities in the β2-adrenergic control of organ function have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disease states, such as septic shock. The objectives of the present study were to define the contribution of β2-adrenoceptors (β2-AR) to normal renal physiology and to investigate whether overexpression of renal β2-AR might be potentially beneficial in preventing progressive renal damage associated with endotoxemia. Adenoviral transgenes containing the human β2-AR (Adeno-β2-AR) were constructed and delivered into the rat kidney by means of intraparenchymal injections. Administration of 109 total viral particles of Adeno-β2-AR induced an approximately threefold increase in β2-AR density in the renal tissue, which 2 wk after delivery, enhanced GFR and sodium reabsorption compared with control rats. The enhanced GFR was abolished by the addition of the β2-AR antagonist, ICI 118,551. Administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused a reduction in GFR, β2-AR density, and cAMP together with enhanced TNF-α mRNA in the kidney. In rats overexpressing β2-AR, the reduction in baseline GFR and elevation of TNF-α mRNA and leukocyte infiltration into the kidney associated with the endotoxin were blocked. These findings suggested the possibility that a renal-specific overexpression of β2-AR preserves basal renal function in response to a ligand-independent β2-AR activation and that the delivery of Adeno-β2-AR gene is a potential novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of acute renal failure associated with sepsis.
While National Domestic Violence Hot Line's Down, Other Resources Can Assist Physicians, Patients
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

AT LEAST 10 states operate toll-free, 24-hour domestic violence hot lines for residents. Many include services for people who speak Spanish or who have impaired hearing. These hot line numbers include the following: <b>Arkansas</b>(800) 332-4443 <b>Indiana</b>(800) 332-7385 <b>New Hampshire</b>(800) 852-3388 <b>New Jersey</b>(800) 572-7233 <b>New York</b>(800) 942-6906 (English) (800) 942-6908 (Spanish) <b>Nevada</b>(800) 992-5757 <b>North Dakota</b>(800) 472-2911 <b>Oklahoma</b>(800) 522-SAFE <b>Texas</b>(800) 252-5400 <b>Washington</b>(800) 562-6025. (Source: National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Denver, Colo.) In an emergency, women are advised to call the police and/or 911, and to continue calling if no police officer or other official responds right away. For nonemergencies, the National Council on Safe Families provides counseling and referrals to domestic violence services anywhere in the country. Information is available 24 hours a day through My Sister's Place, Yonkers, NY, at (914) 969-5800. Also, the National Council on Child Abuse and Family
Evaluation of ehealth systems and services
Authors: David H Gustafson, Jeremy C Wyatt
Journal: BMJ (2004)

We need to move beyond hits and testimonials 

For this article the term ehealth includes use of the internet or other electronic media to disseminate health related information or services.1 Many ehealth sites report huge numbers of users and testimonials of their benefits. Unfortunately, similar testimonials can be found for snake oil,2 and pornography sites boast large numbers of hits. Although a systematic review seeking evidence of harm from ehealth websites was inconclusive, few rigorous studies exist that show benefit from ehealth.3

Ehealth evaluations must move beyond testimonials and usage reports, but how much evaluation is enough depends primarily on the user. When creating internet applications, we can easily forget who our users are and what they need. We may forget that a woman with a diagnosis of breast cancer is facing a life threatening disease, must make critical decisions very quickly, and must cope with treatments that alter her quality of life dramatically. One …
Kidney donation after paracetamol overdose.
Authors: P A Andrews, C G Koffman
Journal: BMJ (1993)

possibility exists that in the 1970s women died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease but the cause of death was incorrectly attributed.Evidence that a trans- missible agent caused Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was first published in Science in 1968.5It took several years, however, for anyone to make the connection between Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and growth hormone.No doubt the same may apply to gonadotrophin derived from human pituitaries.
Cancer of the head and neck. Nasopharyngeal cancer. Management of neck node metastases
Authors: R. R. Million
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In planning the therapy of nasopharyngeal cancer, one must pay particular attention to the real and potential lymph node metastases, since as many as 90% of the patients may have clinically positive nodes on presentation for treatment. The nasopharynx has an extensive lymphatic capillary plexus, and it is quite common for a patient to present with neck nodes, and with the nasopharynx primary either very tiny, or not seen at all. The neck node metastases are every bit as curable by irradiation as the primary lesion if the technique and dosages are utilized as outlined below. In fact, failure to control neck node metastases is rarely the only cause of failure in our nasopharyngeal experience. <h3>Neck Node Spread</h3> Although the afferent lymphatics usually drain into the nodes on the same side as the lesion, there are abundant anastamoses across the midline; even small, well-lateralized lesions may present with contralateral metastases.
Six in 10 doctors in Scotland plan to vote against independence
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<i>Abstract.</i> Liver failure resulting from different causes and its concomitant complications represent difficult-to-treat conditions with high mortality rates, despite improved therapeutic modalities in intensive care medicine. The accumulation of albumin-bound metabolites that are normally cleared by the liver, such as bilirubin and bile acids, contributes substantially to the development of multiorgan dysfunction in these clinical situations. The molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) represents a cell-free, extracorporeal, liver assistance method for the selective removal of albumin-bound substances. Moreover, it enables the removal of excess water and water-soluble substances via an inbuilt dialysis step. Since 1993, &gt;400 patients have been treated in 53 centers in Europe, the United States, and Asia. Diseases treated with MARS included acute exacerbation of chronic hepatic failure, hepatorenal syndrome, acute hepatic failure, and primary nonfunction/poor function after liver transplantation and major liver resection. Treatments were well tolerated. No severe adverse events were observed. Six- to 8-h MARS treatments resulted in significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) removal of bilirubin, bile acids, tryptophan, shortand middle-chain fatty acids, aromatic amino acids, and ammonia. Clearance rates for strongly albumin-bound substances were between 10 and 60 ml/min. The removal of albumin-bound toxins resulted in decreases in hepatic encephalopathy, increases in mean arterial pressure, and improvements in kidney and liver function. In the first randomized clinical trial of the MARS method for treatment of the hepatorenal syndrome, significant prolongation of survival was observed for the MARS-treated group. It is concluded that the MARS method can contribute to the treatment of critically ill patients with liver failure and different underlying diseases.
THE EFFECT OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE ON CHILDREN WITH THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME. II. PHYSIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS ON DISCRETE KIDNEY FUNCTIONS AND PLASMA VOLUME 1
Authors: Henry L. Barnett, Carolyn W. Forman, Helen McNamara, Wallace W. McCrory, Milton Rapoport, Alexander J. Michie, Guilio Barbero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1951)
Helicopters in Emergency Trauma Care
Authors: Howard R. Champion
Journal: JAMA (1983)

During the past ten years, a number of changes have been implemented in emergency health care systems with the intention of reducing the mortality, morbidity, and cost of trauma in the United States. The cornerstone of such health care systems modifications has been the trauma center—a hospital that meets explicit criteria and is committed to excellence in the care of the critically injured. Another important and expensive change has been the increased use of helicopters to reduce the time between injury and surgical care, an issue germane to improving trauma outcome. Some 55 hospitals in the United States currently operate their own helicopter programs, and many others receive patients from public-service—operated rotorcraft. Determining the impact of trauma centers and helicopters on trauma patient outcome has been hampered by the inability to control for case mix. Injury severity indices that correlate with patient outcome have recently been combined with state-of-the-art statistical
THE OCULAR EXPRESSIONS OF GOUT.
Authors: CHARLES A. OLIVER
Journal: JAMA (1897)

When it is remembered that the visual bulb has within its structures a numerous network of blood vessels, and when it is understood that the eyeball is nothing more than a lymph-holding end organ which is constantly changing the greater part of its fluid constituents, it can be realized that irr these structures there can appear all of the irritation and inflammatory changes that may be produced by either an undue amount of urates in the system, or the existence of uric acid and other abnormal products in the adjacent parts. The presence of material in the outer coats of the eye, that is so similar to that found in any joint-tissue, and the close relationship that the bulbus itself in the orbit, bears to every ball-and-socket joint. both show how the external coverings of the organ, its encompassing capsules, and its attached muscles with their delicate sheaths can be
AMA Drug Evaluations
Authors: J. E. Kasik
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This is the first volume of a new publishing venture by the AMA's Council on Drugs. Introduced to replace the older publication,<i>New Drugs</i>, it is a complete, authoritative reference which can be used by physicians as a concise, unbiased source of information about drugs. The book is divided into four basic sections. The initial general-information section contains a useful, well-written series of articles on the dosage of drugs, the use of drugs in pregnancy, drug interactions, drug metabolism and excretion, pharmacogenetics, and certain aspects of prescription writing. This section is an excellent summary of some of the more important areas of knowledge in pharmacology which have developed during the last decade and should be required reading for every physician who had graduated from medical school more than five years ago. The second section is the major portion of the volume, and contains concise descriptions of the important drugs used
A TOTAL PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC PUSH METHOD AS PRACTICED IN THE FIFTH SERVICE COMMAND REHABILITATION CENTER, FORT KNOX, KENTUCKY
Authors: JOSEPH L. KNAPP, FREDERICK WEITZEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

This article attempts to show an adaptation with modifications, of a total psychotherapeutic push method, as used in a rehabilitation center. The complete value of this method cannot be accurately measured. The results obtained, in terms of successful restorations are encouraging. They are based on three follow-up reports of men restored to duty, covering a nine months period, providing they are on duty in the United States. Regulations prohibit obtaining follow-up reports on men restored to duty after they are sent overseas. It is fully realized that no control group has been studied. These successful restorations do not show the total value of the program, inasmuch as it is the belief of the writers that many men, not restored to duty, have improved to the extent of becoming more tractable as custodial subjects. It is the opinion of the writers that this method of treating military offenders warrants further investigation and possible wider adoption by civilian correctional institutions, particularly by reformatories and industrial schools. The entire program, as outlined in this article, is an attempt to treat military delinquents with psychotherapy in a more intensified manner than is generally done. The over-all management and treatment of delinquents is still a debatable question. However, if psychotherapy is to be of any benefit, it is the writers' opinion that every available type of accepted treatment should be utilized, rather than specializing in any particular type or types of psychotherapy.
Serial hemodynamic measurements in well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Satoshi Saitoh, Kenji Ikeda, Isao Koida, Akihito Tsubota, Yasuji Arase, Kazuaki Chayama, Hiromitsu Kumada
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We performed serial hemodynamics in 15 patients with 21 well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. The total length of the observation period ranged from 129 to 678 days (median, 368). We investigated both arterial and portal blood flow at intervals of at least 4 months. Arterial blood flow was measured with carbon dioxide-enhanced ultrasonography (US), and portal blood flow was measured with computed tomographic arterial portography (CTAP). None of the tumors were hypervascular on the initial study; however, by the final study nine nodules (42.9%) had become homogeneously hypervascular, two (9.5%) had become partially hypervascular, and the others did not change. Of 10 nodules without portal blood supply on any study, 8 became hypervascular by the final study. Of 11 nodules with portal blood supply on the initial study, a follow-up study showed no change in portal flow in 6 and the loss of portal flow in 5. Four of these five became hypervascular, with a documented loss of portal flow before the increase in arterial flow. The doubling time of tumors with a homogeneous increase in arterial blood flow ranged from 89 to 333 days (median, 172), whereas the doubling time of other tumors ranged from 227 to 607 days (median, 392). Thus, growth rate and vascularity in well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma are closely correlated. When the well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma has portal blood flow and is not hypervascular, it grows slowly. On the other hand, when it loses portal blood flow and becomes hypervascular, it grows rapidly.
Use of Computers in ECG Interpretation
Authors: Robert J. Needles
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Science has grown so complex in the minds of scientists so peculiar, that it seems to me a little common sense should be introduced into the act. As an example, it has been suggested (Pipberger, H. V., and Stallman, F. W.: Use of Computers in ECG Interpretation,<i>Amer Heart</i><i>J</i><b>64</b>:285-286 [Aug.] 1962) that electronic computers could be used to interpret electrocardiograms. The technical problems thus introduced include the need to eliminate all but 3 of the standard 12-lead tracings. This is for a most practical reason: the use of 12 in-put channels would be too costly. Fortunately, it was discovered that a large part of the standard 12-lead information is redundant. It is likely that the orthagonal characteristics of spatial orientation, when correlated with the G.N.P. and the well-known high cost of medical care, will produce a volume of statistical information sufficient to confuse H.E.W.
Connexin 30.3 (GJB4) is not required for normal skin function in humans
Authors: M. van Geel, M.A.M. van Steensel, P.M. Steijlen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Connexin 30.3 (GJB4) is not required for normal skin function in humans Get access M. Van Geel, M. Van Geel Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands E‐mail: m.vangeel@derma.azn.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A.M. Van Steensel, M.A.M. Van Steensel Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands E‐mail: m.vangeel@derma.azn.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.M. Steijlen P.M. Steijlen Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands E‐mail: m.vangeel@derma.azn.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 6, 1 December 2002, Pages 1275–1277, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.05000_9.x Published: 01 December 2002
Liposome-supported peritoneal dialysis for detoxification of drugs and endogenous metabolites
Authors: Vincent Forster, Rea Deborah Signorell, Maurizio Roveri, Jean-Christophe Leroux
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Liposomes with transmembrane pH gradient can be used for peritoneal dialysis to extract harmful ionizable compounds, such as overdosed drugs.
Imipramine-Induced Heart Block
Authors: Gilbert I. Martin
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I refer to the article by Kantor et al, entitled "Imipramine-Induced Heart Block" (231:1364, 1975). My colleagues and I have undertaken an extensive look at children receiving therapeutic doses of imipramine and have reported preliminary data (224:902, 1973). Since that time, first-degree heart block has been noted in an occasional patient taking more than 5 mg/kg of imipramine daily. It was noted in our brief paragraph that imipramine not be offered unless there was normal cardiovascular status. I believe that the same prerequisite holds for adults as well as children and that imipramine should probably not be given in large doses when there is any preexisting cardiovascular disease on complete evaluation.
Having a whale of a time
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Things are not always as they seem. The earth is not flat, the sun does not revolve around the earth, Boy George is actually a boy, Afghanistan is not an easy place to invade, and the United Kingdom’s NHS reforms are in fact castrations. To paraphrase Winston Churchill, the NHS is not a good system of healthcare, except when compared with all the others.⇑

I was whale watching in the west of Ireland. It …
Recurrent Gingival and Oral Mucosal Lesions
Authors: Eric T. Stoopler, Thomas P. Sollecito
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Imaging of Parasitic Diseases
Authors: William A. Petri
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Will People With Type 2 Diabetes Speak to Family Members About Health Risk?
Authors: David L. Whitford, Hannah McGee, Bernadette O’Sullivan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

This study aimed to assess the potential for communication of familial risk by patients with type 2 diabetes.A questionnaire was completed by a random sample of patients with type 2 diabetes registered with a hospital diabetes clinic.Two-thirds of patients (65%) had spoken to at least one sibling or child about diabetes risk. They were more likely to believe their family was at risk, to worry about their family developing diabetes, and to be aware of the seriousness of diabetes. The results revealed greater awareness of family risk of type 2 diabetes compared with those from previous studies.Many patients with type 2 diabetes had already taken the initiative, without formal prompting, to talk to family members about their risk of diabetes. Discussion of risk and interventions to reduce risk should be encouraged within families.
Emergency management of acute obstructed left-sided colon cancer: loops, stents or tubes?
Authors: K. Søreide
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Emergency presentation of colorectal cancer (CRC) occurs in up to 20 % – 25 % of patients, most often as an obstruction (e. g. with clinical picture of colon ileus) or as a perforation (e. g. with clinical picture of peritonitis and sepsis). Either situation represents a challenge for the treating surgeon and is associated with inferior short- and long-term outcomes for the patient [1] [2] [3]. The perioperative and 30-day mortality are increased by up to five times for emergency surgery, and mortality is reported to be over 40 % for the oldest age groups [2]. Emergency surgery would have to be performed as a two- or three-staged procedure depending on the clinical scenario; many patients would receive a permanent stoma, and associated morbidity at time of a temporary stoma take-down should be considered. However, the goal of obtaining an oncologically sound procedure aimed at cure is the prerequisite for each individual patient and this should not be compromised. In the palliative setting, stent placement as a minimally invasive procedure with the aim of symptom relief has demonstrated good short- and long-term effects [4].
BiRd (clarithromycin, lenalidomide, dexamethasone): an update on long-term lenalidomide therapy in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Adriana Rossi, Tomer Mark, David Jayabalan, Paul Christos, Faiza Zafar, Karen Pekle, Roger Pearse, Selina Chen-Kiang, Morton Coleman, Ruben Niesvizky
Journal: Blood (2013)
Patient safety is more important than efficiency
Authors: J. S M Zorab
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—In his letter Isaac, a staff anaesthesiologist in the United States, suggests the establishment of outpatient surgical facilities.1 I am well aware that “office surgery” has been heavily promulgated recently in the United States on the grounds of “efficiency,” financial or otherwise.

In the United Kingdom general anaesthesia as an outpatient in the …