tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression of gamma/delta T cell receptors on lymphocytes from the lactating mammary gland.
Authors: C Reardon, L Lefrancois, A Farr, R Kubo, R O'Brien, W Born
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

gamma/delta cells were at least four times more frequent in lactating mouse mammary glands than among T cells of the most proximal lymph nodes. Two-color staining of freshly isolated T cells and a study of clonally expressed gamma/delta receptors on hybridomas further revealed that the mammary gamma/delta population is heterogeneous, including at least three different subsets, among them cells expressing V gamma 5, V gamma 4 together with V delta 4, or none of these V regions.
The Future of the Veterans Administration Hospital System: A Realistic Appraisal
Authors: John D. Chase
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Eli Ginzberg commented in a previous Sounding Board1 that "Physicians are being harangued in many forums" on issues related to national health-care delivery. His choice of the word "harangue" is an apt one to describe the subject addressed by all three contributors to that section, the National Academy of Sciences' study, "Health Care for American Veterans,"2 with its principal policy recommendation that the Veterans Administration system should ultimately be "phased into the general delivery of health services in communities across the nation."Dr. Ginzberg's thesis that the committee of the National Academy of Sciences damaged its case by departing from . . .
Nucleostemin Rejuvenates Cardiac Progenitor Cells and Antagonizes Myocardial Aging
Authors: Nirmala Hariharan, Pearl Quijada, Sadia Mohsin, Anya Joyo, Kaitlen Samse, Megan Monsanto, Andrea De La Torre, Daniele Avitabile, Lucia Ormachea, Michael J McGregor, Emily J Tsai, Mark A Sussman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Associations between Arsenic Species in Exfoliated Urothelial Cells and Prevalence of Diabetes among Residents of Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Jenna M. Currier, María C. Ishida, Carmen González-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias, Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres, Roberto Hernández Cerón, Damián Viniegra Morales, Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas, Luz M. Del Razo, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, R. Jesse Saunders, Zuzana Drobná, Rebecca C. Fry, Tomáš Matoušek, John B. Buse, Michelle A. Mendez, Dana Loomis, Miroslav Stýblo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

A growing number of studies link chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) with the risk of diabetes. Many of these studies assessed iAs exposure by measuring arsenic (As) species in urine. However, this approach has been criticized because of uncertainties associated with renal function and urine dilution in diabetic individuals.
Hemoglobin A1c Levels in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: David E Goldstein, Beth Walker, Sharon S Rawlings, Randall L Hess, Jack D England, Steven B Peth, John E Hewett
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured as an indicator of glucose control in 180 children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus who received two daily injections of insulin as part of a highly structured treatment program. A total of 426 HbA1c determinations was made in the group of 180 patients. HbA1c values were elevated in most patients despite the aggressive treatment. The HbA1c level was very elevated at diagnosis, fell to near normal after 60–90 days of insulin therapy, increased gradually, and reached a plateau after approximately 4 yr duration (at about twice the level in normal subjects) (mean ± SEM, 10.0 ± 0.2% and 5.34 ± 0.07%, respectively). Mean insulin dose (U/kg/24 h) paralleled both HbA1c and duration of diabetes. The relationship between endogenous insulin secretion and glucose control was examined in those patients with diabetes for longer than 5 yr. Patients were separated into three groups based on HbA1c levels: those with HbA1c less than 9% (N = 22), between 9 and 11% (N = 26), and greater than 11% (N = 28). Serum C-peptide and glucose concentrations were measured 2 h after a standard breakfast in those patients in the “low” and “high” HbA1c groups (mean HbA1c values 8.2% and 12.7%, respectively). C-peptide was detectable in all patients and the mean C-peptide levels did not differ significantly in the two groups, although postprandial glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the “low” HbA1c group (means ± SEM, 96 ± 11 and 211 ± 21 mg/dl, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.001).
TCT-551 Efficacy of the Preoperative Assessment with a Ultrasonography "Vascular Elastography" in Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Hideyuki Takimura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Norihiro Kobayashi, Tamon Kato, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinsuke Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Takuro Takama, Hiroya Takafuji, Takahiro Tokuda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Reduced Atherosclerotic Lesions in P2Y <sub>1</sub> /Apolipoprotein E Double-Knockout Mice
Authors: Béatrice Hechler, Monique Freund, Catherine Ravanat, Stéphanie Magnenat, Jean-Pierre Cazenave, Christian Gachet
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— The P2Y 1 receptor plays a key role in arterial thrombosis and is widely expressed in many cell types involved in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential involvement in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Methods and Results— Apolipoprotein E–deficient ( ApoE −/− ) and P2Y 1 −/− / ApoE −/− mice were maintained on regular chow for 17 or 30 weeks before analysis of atherosclerotic lesions. At 17 weeks, lesions in the aortic sinus and entire aorta were smaller in P2Y 1 −/− / ApoE −/− compared with those in ApoE −/− animals. At 30 weeks, the aortic sinus lesions in P2Y 1 −/− / ApoE −/− mice were still diminished in size and displayed reduced inflammation, reflected by decreased macrophage infiltration and diminished VCAM-1 immunostaining, compared with those in ApoE −/− mice. They also had a lower smooth muscle cell content. Unexpectedly, bone marrow transplantation showed that the absence of the P2Y 1 receptor in blood cells only led to no significant modification of the lesion compared with control ApoE −/− reconstituted animals. Conversely, the absence of the P2Y 1 receptor except in blood cells resulted in a reduction in lesion size similar to that in control P2Y 1 −/− / ApoE −/− reconstituted mice, pointing to a role of non–hematopoietic-derived P2Y 1 receptors, most likely the endothelial or smooth muscle cell P2Y 1 receptors. In addition, although this was not statistically significant, plasma cholesterol levels were consistently decreased in P2Y 1 −/− animals, suggesting that a modification of lipid metabolism could be responsible for the observed phenotype. Conclusion— The P2Y 1 receptor contributes to atherosclerosis, primarily through its role in non–hematopoietic-derived cells.
Activation of the Ig Iα1 promoter by the transcription factor Ets-1 triggers Ig Iα1–Cα1 germline transcription in epithelial cancer cells
Authors: Zhi Duan, Hui Zheng, San Xu, Yiqun Jiang, Haidan Liu, Ming Li, Duosha Hu, Wei Li, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong, Ya Cao
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2013)

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are known to be synthesized and secreted only by B lymphocytes. Class switch recombination (CSR) is a key event that enables B cells to express Igs, and one of the crucial steps for CSR initiation is the germline transcription of Ig genes. Surprisingly, recent studies have demonstrated that the Ig genes are also expressed in some epithelial cancer cells; however, the mechanisms underlying how cancer cells initiate CSR and express Igs are still unknown. In this study, we confirmed that the Ig Iα1 promoter in cancer cell lines was activated by the Ets-1 transcription factor, and the activity of the Ig Iα1 promoter and Ig Iα1–Cα1 germline transcription were attenuated after knockdown of Ets-1 by specific small interfering RNAs (siRNA). Furthermore, the expression of Ets-1 and Igα heavy chain in cancer cells was dose dependently upregulated by TGF-β1. These results indicate that activation of the Ig Iα1 promoter by the transcription factor Ets-1 is a critical pathway and provides a novel mechanism for Ig expression in non-B cell cancers.
Synergism Between Endotoxin Priming and Exotoxin Challenge in Provoking Severe Vascular Leakage in Rabbit Lungs
Authors: HARTWIG SCHÜTTE, SIMONE ROSSEAU, RALF CZYMEK, LEANDER ERMERT, DIETER WALMRATH, HANS-JOACHIM KRÄMER, WERNER SEEGER, FRIEDRICH GRIMMINGER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria prime rabbit lungs for enhanced thromboxane-mediated vasoconstriction upon subsequent challenge with the exotoxin Escherichia coli hemolysin (HlyA) (Walmrath et al. J. Exp. Med. 1994;180:1437–1443). We investigated the impact of endotoxin priming and subsequent HlyA challenge on lung vascular permeability while maintaining constancy of capillary pressure. Rabbit lungs were perfused in a pressure-controlled mode in the presence of the thromboxane receptor antagonist BM 13.505, with continuous monitoring of flow. Perfusion for 180 min with 10 ng/ml LPS did not provoke vasoconstriction or alteration of capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc) values. HlyA (0.021 hemolytic units/ml) induced thromboxane release and a transient decrease in perfusion flow in the absence of significant changes in Kfc. Similar results were obtained when LPS and HlyA were coapplied simultaneously. However, when the HlyA challenge was undertaken after 180 min of LPS priming, a manifold increase in Kfc values was noted, with concomitant severe lung edema formation, although capillary pressure remained unchanged. Thus, endotoxin primes the lung vasculature to respond with a severe increase in vascular permeability to a subsequent low-dose application of HlyA. Such synergism between endotoxin priming and exotoxin challenge in provoking lung vascular leakage may contribute to the pathogenesis of respiratory failure in sepsis and severe lung infection.
The self is virtual, the will is not illusory
Authors: George Ainslie
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Wegner makes an excellent case that our sense of ownership of our actions depends on multiple factors, to such an extent that it could be called virtual or even illusory. However, two other core functions of will are initiation of movement and maintenance of resolution, which depend on our accurate monitoring of them. This book shows that will is not an imponderable black box but, rather, an increasingly accessible set of specific functions.
TCT-398 Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of 'Complete, Incomplete and Reasonably Incomplete' Revascularization after Percutaneous Intervention of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease with Drug-Eluting Stent
Authors: Yao-Jun Zhang, Christos Bourantas, Shao Liang Chen, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Javaid Iqbal, Takashi Muramatsu, Patrick W. Serruys, Bo Xu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Results of Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: M. S. GOTSMAN, W. BECK, C. N. BARNARD, T. G. O'DONOVAN, V. SCHRIRE
Journal: Circulation (1969)

One hundred and forty-six patients had radical operations for tetralogy of Fallot. In the early phase vertical ventriculotomy was used, often with extensive reconstruction of the outflow tract. In the late phase, transverse ventriculotomy was introduced and fewer outflow tract patches were inserted. The overall mortality (operative and late) was 10% to 13% in the first phase and 7% in the second phase. Ninety-one patients were investigated by cardiac catheterization 1 year after surgery; 21 were virtually cured, four had residual outflow tract gradients of more than 50 mm Hg, and 12 had severe pulmonary incompetence. Six had a residual ventricular septal defect, and three had associated lesions. Pulmonary incompetence occurred in three patients who had infundibular resection only; otherwise it was associated with pulmonary valvulotomy and was more severe if an outflow tract patch was carried across the pulmonary valve ring. Seven patients were recatheterized 5 years after the first postoperative study. The hemodynamics did not alter. Right ventricular angiocardiography in 32 patients showed that half the patients after infundibular resection only showed a noncontractile portion of the outflow tract, and patients with a patch had an inert anterior wall of the right ventricle. A patch carried across the valve ring reestablished an inert but adequate conduit.
Evolution of IgE responses to Bet v 1-like Molecules throughout Childhood: A longitudinal Study in the MAS Birth Cohort
Authors: L. Hatzler, A. Buongiovanni, A. Rohrbach, A. Dondi, T. Keil, S. Lau, U. Wahn, P.M. Matricardi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Effect of High&amp;ndash;Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia on Total and Percent Free Serum Prostatic&amp;ndash;Specific Antigen
Authors: Juan Morote, Carles X. Ravent&oacute;s, Gloria Encabo, Miguel L&oacute;pez, In&eacute;s M. de Torres
Journal: European Urology (2000)
Abstract 4554: QPCR and sequence analysis of DNA template from a microfluidic CTC isolation platform
Authors: William Strauss, Alex Parker, Frank Juhn, Maureen Cronin, Emily White, Behrad Vahidi, Cong Fang, Erich Klem, Robert Vasko, Juan Romero, Adel Tabchy, Paul Dempsey
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Sequence analysis and quantitative allele specific PCR (QPCR) methods permit genetic profiling of cancer for targeted therapeutic selection; such personalized treatments have been associated with improved outcomes in cancer. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) offer a minimally-invasive opportunity for serial patient sampling, and potentially a means of tracking the molecular evolution that underlies the behavior and response phenotype of the disease including potential therapeutic response markers. Acquiring these types of patient profiles requires a platform and workflow providing reliable detection and recovery of small numbers of mutation-bearing CTC from a blood sample. Availability of such an enabling platform is a necessary prerequisite to the clinical correlation studies needed to demonstrate the utility of mutation-bearing CTC to patient care. We have successfully purified CTCs and converted them into DNA template of sufficient purity and quality to support multiple non-overlapping advanced molecular characterizations. Beginning with whole human blood spiked with defined numbers of cultured cancer cells as surrogates for CTCs, cells were successfully fluid-phase labeled using an anti-EpCAM antibody ferrofluid. Using a proprietary microfluidic sheath flow technology, EpCAM positive, cytokeratin staining cells were selected from 2 to 4 ml of labeled blood. This method produced sufficient DNA template for multiple analyses per patient sample. QPCR analysis of these templates demonstrated reproducible detection of fewer than 1% target cells in a background of non-target cells, allowing detection of the KRAS G12S mutation from as few as 5 recaptured cancer cells. The same DNA templates were then used for hybrid capture and next-generation sequencing of a panel of more than 200 cancer-related genes. This sequencing platform was able to detect multiple somatic mutations in genomic DNA templates produced from samples containing as few as 10 cancer cells per milliliter of blood. Together these data provide initial proof-of-concept for a system capable of detecting and characterizing mutations across any specified set of genes within purified CTC populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4554. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4554
The Evolution of a Psychiatrist: Memoirs of a Woman Doctor
Authors: Elissa P. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Dr Parker dedicates this autobiographical volume to Otto (Dr Otto Will), her second husband, "who insisted that I tell my story." I personally am glad that Dr Will did insist. Dr Parker introduces her story by saying, This is the story of a troubled girl from a troubled family who by slow and painful steps became a woman, a doctor, a psychiatrist, and a psychoanalyst. She began life three-quarters of a century ago and grew up within a small segment of upper middle-class American society—the subculture whose customs and mores were as different from other American subcultures as were those of the Zulus. Her world no longer exists anywhere. Dr Parker's book is divided into two parts. In the first part, she describes her childhood, adolescence, early and late adulthood, and her relationships with her family and friends, her fellow professionals, and her husbands. In the second, she shares with
Clinical Trial Participants Compared with Nonparticipants in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Christopher H. Goss, Gordon D. Rubenfeld, Bonnie W. Ramsey, Moira L. Aitken
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

The randomized clinical trial has been an important tool for expanding our knowledge of disease. This study is the first to compare trial participants to the entire eligible population.We performed a cohort analysis using data from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Registry database between 1992 and 1998.There were 8,735 patients older than 6 yr followed for the entire period. Of the patients, 2,635 patients (30.2%) were enrolled in at least 1 of 32 Institutional Review Board-approved clinical trials, with an average annual participation rate of 7%. Patients enrolled in clinical trials had more advanced disease as judged by FEV(1)% predicted (68 vs. 77%, p < 0.001), higher rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (71 vs. 65%, p < 0.01), and were more likely to have private insurance (odds ratio [OR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.37) and be white (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.44-2.70). No sex differences were noted. Despite the worse clinical status at baseline, clinical trial participants had a lower average annual rate of decline in lung function (1.33%/yr; 95% CI, 1.20, 1.46; compared with 1.52%; 95% CI, 1.43-1.60).These results show that the overall participation rate is very high. Despite more advanced disease at baseline, lung function decline was lower in trial participants; the cause of this difference is unclear. The differences seen in insurance status are concerning. Efforts should be made to ensure adequate representation from different social demographic groups.
Hypernatremia in Elderly Patients
Authors: NEAL A. SNYDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The causes, therapy for, and consequences of hypernatremia in elderly patients are not well understood. We found that in 15,187 consecutive hospital admissions, 162 (1.1%) patients who were at least 60 years of age had serum sodium levels that measured greater than 148 meq/L. Of that 162, 57% had become hypernatremic in the hospital; the remaining 43% were hypernatremic at hospitalization. The mean peak serum sodium level was 154 meq/L (range, 149 to 182), and mean water deficit, 9% of total body water (range, 6% to 30%). The most frequent primary causes were complications of surgery (21%), febrile illness (20%), infirmity (11%), and diabetes mellitus (11%), with more than 40 causal factors identified. Depression of sensorium correlated with severity of hypernatremia (p less than 0.001). The mortality rate (42%) was seven times that of age-matched hospitalized patients, but was not predicted by severity of hypernatremia. Mortality increased with increasing rates of fluid replacement (p less than 0.008). Hypernatremia in elderly patients is usually iatrogenic and often a marker for severe associated systemic illness.
Spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis is mediated by conformational changes of Bax and Bak in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Beatriz Bellosillo, Neus Villamor, Armando López-Guillermo, Silvia Marcé, Francesc Bosch, Elias Campo, Emili Montserrat, Dolors Colomer
Journal: Blood (2002)
Acute Respiratory Disease Associated With Coxsackie A-21 Virus Infection
Authors: Henry H. Bloom
Journal: JAMA (1962)

COXSACKIE GROUP A viruses have been associated with a number of clinical syndromes including aseptic meningitis,1herpangina,2and acute exanthemata.3However, little is presently known concerning the role of these agents in the pathogenesis of acute undifferentiated respiratory disease. Acquisition of such information has been hampered by the need for large numbers of suckling mice in attempts to isolate most of the members of this virus group. Several Coxsackie A viruses, however, have been recovered in tissue culture.3-5To this list has recently been added Type 21 virus, shown to be serologically indistinguishable from Coe virus originally described by Lennette et al.6  In the fall of 1960 during the course of a continuing study of acute respiratory disease in a military population, an outbreak of infection by Coxsackie A-21 virus was observed. The preceding paper7described infection and respiratory illness among a group of
A nanoscale drug-entrapment strategy for hydrogel-based systems for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs
Authors: Mei-Chin Chen, Hung-Wen Tsai, Chin-Tang Liu, Shu-Fen Peng, Wei-Yun Lai, Shiang-Jiuun Chen, Yen Chang, Hsing-Wen Sung
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Familial Aggregation of Blood Pressure
Authors: Warren Winkelstein
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The familial aggregation of blood pressure levels has been repeatedly documented and variously interpreted as supporting either a polygenic<sup>1,2</sup>or a single-gene<sup>3,4</sup>mechanism for blood pressure regulation. Only a few recent studies have mentioned the possibility that familial aggregation of blood pressure levels may be a manifestation of common environmental influences. Of these, three have included data from husbands and wives, who serve as controls within kinships since, in western society, consanguinous marriages are quite rare. From two studies<sup>5,6</sup>there was no evidence that husbands and wives acquired similar blood pressure levels over time, while from the third<sup>7</sup>evidence of spouse aggregation was reported. Given the occurrence of blood pressure aggregation among blood kin, the demonstration of spouse aggregation would support an environmental explanation of familial aggregation if it were not present early in marriage but developed later. <h3>Methods and Materials</h3> Familial aggregation of blood pressure
An orgy of mental illness
Authors: K. Mckenzie
Journal: BMJ (1995)

I've been waiting so long for this bus that I should have expected 26 to come at once. The bus is a full television airing of the subject of mental illness, the 26 that have come make up BBC2's States of Mind series—a two week orgy of programmes. No one can fault BBC2's stated intention: to “challenge the myths and mystries, preconceptions, and prejudices associated with mental illness.” Why though is the series on BBC2 rather than BBC1, where it might be seen by a larger audience?

Another criticism goes back to the bus analogy; you can only board one bus at a time so it might have been more effective to plan regular programmes over …