tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Classification and Management of Familial Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Stanford Wessler
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Dr. David Pfaff, Senior Assistant Resident in Medicine, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, and Assistant in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine: A 48-year-old white man was admitted to the Jewish Hospital for the second time on Feb 3, 1968, for evaluation of a rising serum cholesterol level. Thirteen years earlier the patient was hospitalized for abdominal pain, was found to have cholelithiasis, and underwent an uneventful cholecystectomy. In 1964 he was first admitted to Jewish Hospital with a ten-year history of slow formation of nodules on the elbows and knees. The family history did not include diabetes and several siblings and an only child had normal serum cholesterol values. Physical examination showed a well-developed, well-nourished man in no distress. The temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate were normal. The blood pressure was 130/90 mm Hg. Results of cardiopulmonary and abdominal examinations were unremarkable. There were numerous large, yellow sessile,
P227 Effect of a new training device on pMDI technique
Authors: MJ Sanders, R Bruin, R Featherstone
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A simple training device (In-Check Flo-Tone®) has been developed to teach pMDI users when and how to actuate their inhaler via the sounding of an inspiratory flow whistle. Samples of the device plus instructions were made available to UK healthcare professionals who were invited, from April 2013, to take part in a short questionnaire survey. The objective was to assess the effect of the Flo-Tone device on pMDI technique. <h3>Method</h3> Patient details (age, sex, asthma/COPD diagnosis and spacer use) were recorded. Four assessments were made by the healthcare professionals concerning the patients’ ability to: Q1 - generate an appropriate flow rate; Q2 - press the can during the early part of the inspiration; Q3 - maintain adequate inspiratory flow after pressing the can; and Q4 - an overall assessment of pMDI technique. Ability was graded Poor, Average or Good on each occasion. Assessments were made before and after Flo-Tone training, and changes in technique were determined from the responses. A sign-test for improvement was carried out on those not already assessed as Good. <h3>Results</h3> To date, 27 assessments of pMDI users have been received: 15 male and 12 female, age range 11–90 years (mean 51 years) with recorded diagnoses of asthma (n = 17) and COPD (n = 7). Four were spacer-users. The shift table (Table 1) shows the categorical changes before and after training. Following training, 19 users had improved their overall technique and 7 remained at the pre-training level (Q4); 20 had improved their ability to maintain an adequate flow and 6 remained at the pre-training level (Q3). Data for Q1 and Q2 were 15 and 12, and 8 and 18 users, respectively. The single loss of technique was an 83 year-old combined asthma/COPD patient. Analysis of those users not already rated as Good showed statistically significant improvements (P &lt; 0.05) for Questions 1, 3 and 4. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data indicate that the Flo-Tone device may be a positive addition to the training tools available for pMDI users, and may be particularly useful for improving overall technique and the ability to generate and to maintain an adequate inspiratory flow.
A1-06: Randomized multicenter german trial of surgery plus radiotherapy versus tri-modality treatment of operable stage IIIA NSCLC - long-term follow-up results
Authors: Wilfried E. Eberhardt, Sönke Korfee, Christoph Pöttgen, Horst Wagner, Thomas Gauler, Bernward Passlick, Georgios Stamatis, Joachim von Pawel, Volker Budach, Hansjochen Wilke, Martin Stuschke
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Second study on valsartan is threatened with retraction over alleged data manipulation
Authors: C. Mahony
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A second major study linking the antihypertensive drug valsartan to a reduced incidence of angina and stroke in high risk patients has come under scrutiny amid claims of data manipulation and undeclared conflicts of interests.

Industry website Pharmaceutical Processing said that a committee commissioned by Tokyo’s Jikei University School of Medicine reported on 30 July that the Jikei Heart Study on the Novartis drug Diovan, was “basically defective and lacks credibility.”1 The study was published in the Lancet in 2007.2 Diovan has been a major earner for Novartis.

The criticisms come just four months after the European Heart Journal retracted a 2009 paper reporting the Kyoto Heart Study, also based on Japanese research.3 In March the European Cardiology Society, which publishes the journal, referred to “critical problems” …
S68 The Hi-flo Study: A Prospective Open Randomised Controlled Trial Of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy Against Standard Care In Bronchiolitis
Authors: C. Hathorn, G. Ernst, S. Hasan, D. Wong, M. Seear
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy is increasingly used as a form of respiratory support with limited evidence to support its use. Data from retrospective studies suggest that HFNC reduces rates of intubation and respiratory parameters in infants with bronchiolitis. It is well-tolerated, easy to use, and has very few adverse effects. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine if HFNC therapy reduces work of breathing, oxygen requirement and time to resolution of respiratory distress more quickly than standard care in bronchiolitis. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a prospective open randomised controlled trial to compare HFNC oxygen therapy with standard care for children with bronchiolitis in ward environments in a tertiary referral children's hospital over a two-year study period. Patients under 18 months of age with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis were eligible. Subjects were randomised to standard supportive care with low flow oxygen (up to 2 litres/minute) or HFNC oxygen at 8 litres/minute. Fractional inspired concentration of oxygen was titrated to maintain saturations &gt;92%. A validated composite clinical score (modified Tal) was measured every 3 h. <sup>1</sup> <h3>Results</h3> 72 patients were recruited, 36 in each treatment arm. The mean age of subjects was 4 months, range 0.5–12.9 months. 42% were male, and all but two were born at term. 79% were RSV positive. 3 patients in the control group, and 4 in the intervention group required admission to intensive care. There was no improvement in time to resolution of respiratory distress or oxygen requirement in patients receiving HFNC oxygen therapy. There was a trend towards lower clinical scores in the first 3 h following initiation of treatment in the intervention group. There were no adverse effects from HFNC therapy, and it was found to be safe in a ward environment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HFNC oxygen therapy may improve clinical parameters during the first hours of treatment, but it did not significantly reduce time to resolution of respiratory distress or oxygen requirement. <h3>Reference</h3> McCallum G, <i>et al</i>. Severity scoring systems: are they internally valid, reliable and predictive of oxygen use in children with acute bronchiolitis? <i>Pediatric Pulmonology</i> 2013;48(8):797–803
A CASE OF SEBORRHŒIC SYCOSIS WITH RECOVERY AFTER REST.
Authors: GEOFFREY DUCKWORTH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1939)

Journal Article A CASE OF SEBORRHŒIC SYCOSIS WITH RECOVERY AFTER REST. Get access GEOFFREY DUCKWORTH, M.R.C.P. Lond. GEOFFREY DUCKWORTH, M.R.C.P. Lond. Physician in Charge of Skin‐Department, Bolingbroke Hospital, Wandsworth Common; St. John's Hospital, Lewisham; Assistant Physician, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Leicester Square Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 51, Issue 3, 1 March 1939, Pages 135–137, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1939.tb10662.x Published: 01 March 1939
The Role of the Neurologist in Concussions
Authors: Robert C. Cantu
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Tachycardia due to atrial flutter with rapid 1:1 conduction following treatment of atrial fibrillation with flecainide
Authors: R. Taylor, M. M Gandhi, G. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Robert Taylor, specialist registrar emergency medicine1, Manish M Gandhi, consultant cardiologist2, Gavin Lloyd, consultant emergency physician1Emergency Department, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter EX2 5DWDepartment of Cardiology, Royal Devon and Exeter HospitalCorrespondence to: G Lloyd gavin.lloyd{at}rdeft.nhs.ukAccepted 4 July 2009
The World Bank and world health: Changing sides
Authors: K. Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Recent advances in bio-logging open promising perspectives in the study animal movements at numerous scales. It is now possible to record time-series of animal locations and ancillary data (e.g. activity level derived from on-board accelerometers) over extended areas and long durations with a high spatial and temporal resolution. Such time-series are often piecewise stationary, as the animal may alternate between different stationary phases (i.e. characterised by a specific mean and variance of some key parameter for limited periods). Identifying when these phases start and end is a critical first step to understand the dynamics of the underlying movement processes. We introduce a new segmentation-clustering method we called segclust2d. It can segment bi-(or more generally multi-) variate time-series and possibly cluster the various segments obtained, corresponding to phases assumed to be stationary. It is easy to use, as it only requires specifying the minimum length of a segment (to prevent over-segmentation) based on biological considerations. Although this method can be applied to time-series of any nature, we focus here on two-dimensional piecewise time-series whose phases correspond at small scale to the expressions of different behavioural modes such as transit, feeding and resting, as characterised by two joint metrics such as speed and turning angles or, at larger scale, to temporary home ranges, characterised by stationary distributions of bivariate coordinates. Using computer simulations, we show that segcust2d can rival and even outperform previous, more complex methods, which were specifically developed to highlight changes in movement modes or home range shifts (based on Hidden Markov or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck modelling, respectively), which, contrary to our method, require truly informative initial guesses to be efficient. Furthermore we demonstrate it on actual examples involving a zebra’s small scale movements and an elephant’s large scale movements, to illustrate the identification of various movement modes and of home range shifts, respectively.
A deep-sequencing study of chronic myeloid leukemia patients in blast crisis (BC-CML) detects mutations in 76.9% of cases
Authors: V Grossmann, A Kohlmann, M Zenger, S Schindela, C Eder, S Weissmann, S Schnittger, W Kern, M C Müller, A Hochhaus, T Haferlach, C Haferlach
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Osteomalacia presenting as pathological fractures during pregnancy in Asian women of high social class
Authors: J. C Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Osteomalacia presenting as pathological fractures during pregnancy in Asian women of high social class SrR,-We were interested to read the suggestion of Dr V Fonesca and others (16 February, p 555) that secondary hyperparathyroidism persists, despite treatment, in vegetarian Asians with nutritional osteomalacia.It
Induction of cystine transport activity in isolated rat hepatocytes by sulfobromophthalein and other electrophilic agents
Authors: Shiro Bannai, Akira Takada, Hitomi Kasuga, Noriko Tateishi
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

The uptake of cystine in isolated rat hepatocytes was enhanced after incubation of the cells with sulfobromophthalein. The enhancement was time- and dose-dependent, with a lag of about 6 hr, and an approximately 4-fold increase in the activity occurred after 24 hr with 0.2 mM sulfobromophthalein. Actinomycin D or cycloheximide completely blocked the time-related increase in the uptake. The enhanced activity of cystine uptake was almost entirely Na+-independent and inhibited by some anionic amino acids, such as glutamate. The uptake of glutamate was also enhanced by sulfobromophthalein. It is concluded that sulfobromophthalein induces the activity of the Na+-independent, anionic amino acid transport system (System x-c) which mediates the transport of cystine. Some other electrophilic agents also enhanced the cystine uptake. The glutathione level of hepatocytes was rapidly reduced by sulfobromophthalein to about 10% of the control level at 6 hr, but at 12 hr it began to rise. It seems likely that this restoration resulted from the induced activity of the cystine uptake because inhibitors of the cystine uptake blocked the restoration and because the uptake of other sulfur amino acids was not enhanced significantly by sulfobromophthalein. System x-c may thus participate in the detoxication of electrophilic agents in hepatocytes.
Corrigendum for: Body Size Effects and Rates of Cytochrome-b Evolution in Tube-nosed Seabirds[Volume 15(10):1360–1371]
Authors: Gary B. Nunn, Scott E. Stanley
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

In Body Size Effects and Rates of Cytochrome-b Evolution in Tube-nosed Seabirds [Volume 15(10):1360-1371] we presented the results of a likelihood ratio test for rate heterogeneity in our sequence data.In our test, we relied on 1 degree of freedom.However, the appropriate number was 88.This follows from the fact that two likelihood scores can be compared, one with a clock constraint and one without, if they are calculated using the same topology.In this test, there are N-2 degrees of freedom, where N is equal to the number of terminal taxa in the analysis.In our case, this is 90-2, or 88.Fortunately, this error does not change our results since we can still reject a clock, even with 88 degrees of freedom.We thank Cliff Cunningham for contacting us and kindly explaining our error.
Selection of Patients with Truncus Arteriosus for Surgical Correction
Authors: DOUGLAS D. MAIR, DONALD G. RITTER, GEORGE D. DAVIS, ROBERT B. WALLACE, GORDON K. DANIELSON, DWIGHT C. MCGOON
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Six years have passed since the first successful surgical correction of truncus arteriosus. A review of our experience enables some conclusions regarding the operation. Patients with mild or moderate truncal valve incompetence do not need truncal valve replacement. Patients with severe truncal valve incompetence require valve replacement, which is associated with a significantly increased surgical mortality. The surgical mortality is not increased in hemodynamically favorable patients who have only one pulmonary artery. However, these patients are especially likely to have early development of severe pulmonary vascular disease. The surgical mortality for the patient with uncomplicated disease and two pulmonary arteries, with pulmonary resistance of less than 8.0 units m 2 , is 10%. In patients with pulmonary resistance between 8.0 and 12 units m 2 , the mortality is approximately three times greater. Patients with pulmonary resistances greater than 12.0 units m 2 are probably inoperable. Different hemodynamic criteria must be applied in assessing the operability of patients with a single pulmonary artery. A systemic arterial oxygen saturation less than 85% in a patient with two pulmonary arteries and without pulmonary artery stenosis or a pulmonary artery band usually indicates inoperability. Elective operation usually is deferred until a patient is four years old, but if the patient's clinical condition warrants, the procedure can be done at any time after the age of one year, with a good chance of success. Follow-up on most operated patients has been encouraging.
Abstract 4605: Consumption of S-allylcysteine inhibits the growth of human non-small cell lung carcinoma in a mouse xenograft model
Authors: Feng-Yao Tang, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Man-Hui Pai
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for almost 80 percent of lung cancer cases. Aberrant phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ Akt /mTOR signaling pathways play important roles and have been widely observed in the development of NSCLC. Previous studies indicated that garlic extracts such as diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) could inhibit the proliferation of several types of cancer in vitro. However, the inhibitory effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC) on the growth of NSCLC have not been demonstrated yet. Therefore, we investigated whether consumption of SAC could prevent the growth of NSCLC in both in vitro and in vivo models. In the current study, SAC significantly inhibited the proliferation of human NSCLC A549 cells in vitro. Treatment of NF-κB inhibitor, Bay-11-7082, could significantly inhibit the proliferation of NSCLC A549 cells. Our results demonstrated that SAC significantly suppressed the activation of mTOR, NF-κB and cyclin D1 molecules in vitro. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that consumption of SAC significantly inhibited the growth of highly metastatic human NSCLC cells in tumor bearing mice. Bioluminescence imaging, pathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining results also indicated that SAC could effectively suppress the growth and malignant progression of human NSCLC in vivo. The chemopreventive effects of SAC were associated with suppression of mTOR and NF-κB molecules in vivo. These results suggested that SAC could act as an effective agent against the malignant progression of human non small cell lung cancer in both in vitro and in vivo models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4605. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4605
Inhibition by diphosphonate compounds of calcification of porcine bioprosthetic heart valve cusps implanted subcutaneously in rats.
Authors: R J Levy, M A Hawley, F J Schoen, S A Lund, P Y Liu
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Calcification limits the long-term success of heart valve bioprostheses fabricated from glutaraldehyde cross-linked porcine aortic valves. The pathophysiology of calcification of bioprostheses has been studied experimentally with subcutaneous implants of the valve cusps in rats; in this preparation, the accumulation of calcific deposits is biochemically and morphologically identical to that occurring in clinical specimens. The objective of the present study was to determine whether mineralization of bioprosthetic valve cusps (BC) subcutaneously implanted in 3-week-old male rats could be inhibited through the use of diphosphonate compounds. Ethanehydroxydiphosphonate (EHDP), administered by daily subcutaneous injection (25 mg/kg/24 hr) for 21 days inhibited calcification (BC Ca++ = 154.9 +/- 4.1), but caused somatic growth retardation and disruption of epiphyseal development. However, local administration of EHDP by osmotic pump (5 mg/kg/24 hr) implanted in direct contact with the cuspal tissue for 14 days prevented BC calcification (BC CA++ = 4.3 +/- 0.7) without adverse effects. Furthermore, EHDP given by osmotic pump had a prolonged effect on reducing calcification, as demonstrated by implants harvested 21 days (BC CA++ = 12.2 +/- 6.4) after the drug supply was exhausted. Finally, BC preincubated in aminopropanehydroxydiphosphonate for 24 hr before 21 day implantation underwent less calcification (CA++ = 24.2 +/- 7.4) than control valves (BC CA++ 126.6 +/- 7.5) with no adverse effects. We conclude that diphosphonates inhibit BC calcification, and that adverse effects of systemic therapy can be avoided by local administration.
The Variable Arterial Pressure Response to Serotonin in Laboratory Animals and Man
Authors: IRVINE H. PAGE, J. W. McCUBBIN
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Arterial pressure response to serotonin depends largely upon four main actions of the drug: direct vasoconstriction, a von Bezold-like reflex, transient ganglion blockade and peripheral inhibition of neurogenic vasoconstriction. The relative prominence of these actions differs depending upon the dose of serotonin, species tested and degree of pre-existing neurogenic vasoconstriction.
Heathrow doctor's case at GMC will be heard in private
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Lester Crawford, former commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration, was last week fined $89 377 (£45 800; €67 000), sentenced to three years of supervised probation, and required to do 50 hours of community service by Judge Deborah Robinson of the US District Court for the District of Columbia.Last October Dr Crawford (below) pleaded (below) pleaded pleaded guilty to two charges: failing to report that he and his wife owned shares in companies regulated by the agency and filing false
Predicting Outcome of Defibrillation by Spectral Characterization and Nonparametric Classification of Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Trygve Eftestøl, Kjetil Sunde, Sven Ole Aase, John Håkon Husøy, Petter Andreas Steen
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —In 156 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac cause, we analyzed the ability of 4 spectral features of ventricular fibrillation before a total of 868 shocks to discriminate or not between segments that correspond to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods and Results —Centroid frequency, peak power frequency, spectral flatness, and energy were studied. A second decorrelated feature set was generated with the coefficients of the principal component analysis transformation of the original feature set. Each feature set was split into training and testing sets for improved reliability in the evaluation of nonparametric classifiers for each possible feature combination. The combination of centroid frequency and peak power frequency achieved a mean±SD sensitivity of 92±2% and specificity of 27±2% in testing. The highest performing classifier corresponded to the combination of the 2 dominant decorrelated spectral features with sensitivity and specificity equal to 92±2% and 42±1% in testing or a positive predictive value of 0.15 and a negative predictive value of 0.98. Using the highest performing classifier, 328 of 781 shocks not leading to ROSC would have been avoided, whereas 7 of 87 shocks leading to ROSC would not have been administered. Conclusions —The ECG contained information predictive of shock therapy. This could reduce the delivery of unsuccessful shocks and thereby the duration of unnecessary “hands-off” intervals during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The low specificity and positive predictive value indicate that other features should be added to improve performance.