tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Targeting a Dominant Negative Rho Kinase to Neurons Promotes Axonal Outgrowth and Partial Functional Recovery After Rat Rubrospinal Tract Lesion
Authors: Dongsheng Wu, Ping Yang, Xinyu Zhang, Juan Luo, Mohammed E Haque, John Yeh, Peter M Richardson, Yi Zhang, Xuenong Bo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Many axonal growth inhibitors that contribute to the usual failure of axon regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) exert their effects via the RhoA-Rho kinase (ROCK) signal pathway. In this study, we investigated whether lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated neuron-specific expression of a dominant negative mutant of ROCK (DNROCK) could promote axon outgrowth in vitro and in vivo. Dissociated adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were seeded on solubilized myelin proteins and transduced with either LV/DNROCK or LV/green fluorescent protein (GFP). DNROCK-expressing neurons were shown to have a greater chance of generating neurites and a longer mean length of neurite than GFP-expressing neurons. In the in vivo studies, lentiviruses were injected into the adult rat red nucleus followed by unilateral rubrospinal tract (RST) transection at the fourth cervical level. Rats in the DNROCK group showed better functional recovery in the affected hindlimbs and forelimbs than those in the GFP group. Examination of the spinal cord sections revealed more rubrospinal axonal profiles growing to the spinal cord caudal to the lesion in the DNROCK group than in the GFP group. These results indicate that blocking the RhoA-ROCK signal pathway by expressing DNROCK can enhance regenerative axonal sprouting and lead to partial recovery of limb function.
Abstract 5292: The functional role of Tensin4 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lo Kong Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The focal adhesion protein Tensin4 (also known as cten: c-terminal tensin like) is structurally distinct from the three other members in the Tensin family and has been reported to play critical roles in cancer cell migration and invasion in breast and colorectal cancers. However, its expression and potential function in other cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma are not well understood. By quantitative real time PCR and western blotting with Tensin4 specific antibodies, Tensin4 was found to be expressed in a panel of HCC cell lines with a number of cells showing high levels of expression. In these cells, treatment with growth factors (e.g. EGF) significantly induced Tensin4 protein expression; while treatment of pharmacological inhibitors against the kinases in the MAPK signaling cascade abolished this induction. These observations suggested that Tensin4 expression was Ras/MAPK signaling dependent. Intriguingly, the growth factor-induced Tensin4 expression could not be observed in HCC cell lines with low basal Tensin4 expression, implying that other regulatory mechanisms do exist. By immunofluorescence microscopy, the focal adhesion localization of Tensin4 was confirmed in HCC cells. Detail examination of a panel of Tensin4 deletion constructs revealed the requirement of the C-terminal SH2 domain for this specific localization. To examine the functional role of Tensin4, SMMC and BEL7402 HCC cells with high basal expression of Tensin4 were subjected to stable Tensin4 knockdown followed by cell proliferation and cell migration assays. Consistently, we observed that both stable Tensin4 knockdown cells proliferated and migrated in slower rates in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding this reduction remains to be explored. Taken together, our data suggested that Tensin4 may play a pro-oncogenic role in HCC, possibly function as a downstream effector of Ras/MAPK signaling. The study was funded by a Hong Kong Research Grants Council GRF grant (775110). Citation Format: Lo Kong Chan. The functional role of Tensin4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5292. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5292
Isolation of Vaccinia Virus and Type 1 Adenovirus from Urine
Authors: Ion Gresser, Sidney Kibrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

IT has recently become apparent that viruria is not uncommon in some viral illnesses.1 We report here the isolation of vaccinia virus from the urine of a twenty-three-year-old woman with eczema vaccinatum, thus confirming the only previous report of probable vaccinia viruria.2 Additional attempts to demonstrate vaccinia virus in the urine collected four to fourteen days after primary smallpox vaccination of 4 children were unsuccessful. A Type 1 adenovirus, however, was recovered from the urine of 1 child. To our knowledge this agent has not previously been recovered from urine.MethodsThe methods of processing urine specimens have previously been . . .
Doctors in law
Authors: L. Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

I am still haunted by the first circumcision that I did. When my handiwork was revealed to me in outpatients—the tissues no longer seemed to line up—I was horrified. Had the patient taken me to court I would have been unable to defend myself. Or so I thought. After I recently attended a seminar for doctors who provide expert evidence, the courtroom seems a murkier place. It has less to do with truth and justice and rather more to do with technique. Watching doctors take part in a simulated medical negligence case organised by the BMJ and Professional Solutions and Services Ltd I understood that a decent barrister can make most doctors look incompetent.

The first case—sent to us in advance to read before the seminar—seemed, to me at least, a clear case of negligence by obstetricians. A young man (the plaintiff) had suffered brain damage after a traumatic delivery in 1969. His mother, who had a history of miscarriages, had had her labour induced on 2 August. The baby was not born until four days later. He was delivered by a junior doctor using a combination of ventouse (applied for over 35 minutes although the cervix was not fully dilated and the head was high) and forceps. His condition at birth was poor and it became obvious that he had suffered brain damage. …
The Effect of Physician Behavior on the Collection of Data
Authors: HOWARD B. BECKMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Determining the patient's major reasons for seeking care is of critical importance in a successful medical encounter. To study the physician's role in soliciting and developing the patient's concerns at the outset of a clinical encounter, 74 office visits were recorded. In only 17 (23%) of the visits was the patient provided the opportunity to complete his or her opening statement of concerns. In 51 (69%) of the visits the physician interrupted the patient's statement and directed questions toward a specific concern; in only 1 of these 51 visits was the patient afforded the opportunity to complete the opening statement. In six (8%) return visits, no solicitation whatever was made. Physicians play an active role in regulating the quantity of information elicited at the beginning of the clinical encounter, and use closed-ended questioning to control the discourse. The consequence of this controlled style is the premature interruption of patients, resulting in the potential loss of relevant information.
Radiological abnormalities in children with asthma and their relation to the clinical findings and some respiratory function tests
Authors: G. Simon, N. Connolly, D. W. Littlejohns, M. McAllen
Journal: Thorax (1973)

Criteria are put forward for the recognition and assessment of radiographic abnormalities in childhood asthma. Using these criteria, radiographs of the chest in 218 children with asthma are compared with those of 162 normal children. In 73% of the asthmatic children the radiograph appeared to be normal, 15% presented a simple overinflation pattern with long narrow lungs and a narrow vertical heart (0-1 pattern), and 12% showed the same pattern together with enlargement of the hilar vessels relative to the lung vessels (0-2 pattern). Those children with the most marked radiographic abnormalities (0-2 pattern) were, without exception, suffering from severe or moderately severe <i>constant</i> asthma. Those with <i>intermittent</i> symptoms usually had radiographs which appeared to be normal even during their asthmatic episodes.
The Relationship between Thallium Uptake, Blood Flow, and Blood Pool Activity in Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors
Authors: C CALUSER, H MACAPINLAC, J HEALEY, F GHAVIMI, P MEYERS, N WOLLNER, J KALAIGIAN, L KOSTAKOGLU, H M ABDEL-DAYEM, S D J YEH, S M LARSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Twenty patients with known primary untreated and recurrent bone and soft tissue tumors underwent thallium imaging and three-phase bone imaging in the same session. The ratio of thallium uptake in the tumor tissue to the contralateral normal tissue areas was compared with the same ratio for phase 1 (blood flow or arterial phase), phase 2 (blood pool), and phase 3 (delayed medroxy-diphosphonate, MDP, uptake). There was poor correlation between Tl uptake and phases 1 and 3 of the bone scan ratios; r = 0.37 and 0.46; P = 0.097 and 0.047, respectively. The thallium uptake ratios correlated well with blood pool ratios (phase 2) (r = 0.84 and P less than 0.01). In contrast to uptake into normal muscle, Tl-201 uptake into tumor is not highly dependent on blood flow alone and other factors predominate in determining its magnitude.
Modified polyethylenimines as non viral gene delivery systems for aerosol therapy: effects of nebulization on cellular uptake and transfection efficiency
Authors: L.A. Dailey, E. Kleemann, T. Merdan, H. Petersen, T. Schmehl, T. Gessler, J. Hänze, W. Seeger, T. Kissel
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
NHS plan calls for new models of care and greater emphasis on prevention
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following NHS plan calls for new models of care and greater emphasis on prevention Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Severe autoimmune hepatitis in a chronic myeloid leukemia patient treated with interferon alpha and with complete genetic response
Authors: Juan Luis Steegmann, María José Requena, María Luisa García-Buey, Enrique Granados, Rafael Romero, Jose María Fernández-Rañada, Ricardo Moreno
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

A patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with interferon alpha (IFN alpha) and who developed autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is described. The patient was treated with IFN alpha 2a, a complete cytogenetic response was achieved 5 months later, and this response has lasted now more than 7 years. Autoimmune hypothyroidism appeared at 18 months of treatment, and 1 year later severe type I autoimmune hepatitis developed. To our knowledge this is the first report of such complication in an IFN alpha-treated CML patient. Am. J. Hematol. 59:95–97, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
US court temporarily lifts ban on stem cell research
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The biochemical reaction networks that regulate living systems are all stochastic to varying degrees. The resulting randomness affects biological outcomes at multiple scales, from the functional states of single proteins in a cell to the evolutionary trajectory of whole populations. Controlling how the distribution of these outcomes changes over time—via external interventions like timevarying concentrations of chemical species—is a complex challenge. In this work, we show how counterdiabatic (CD) driving, first developed to control quantum systems, provides a versatile tool for steering biological processes. We develop a practical graph-theoretic framework for CD driving in discrete-state continuous-time Markov networks. We illustrate the formalism with examples from gene regulation and chaperone-assisted protein folding, demonstrating the possibility that nature can exploit CD driving to accelerate response to sudden environmental changes. We generalize the method to continuum Fokker-Planck models, and apply it to study AFM single-molecule pulling experiments in regimes where the typical assumption of adiabaticity breaks down, as well as an evolutionary model with competing genetic variants subject to time-varying selective pressures. The AFM analysis shows how CD driving can eliminate non-equilibrium artifacts due to large force ramps in such experiments, allowing accurate estimation of biomolecular properties.
The Incidentalome—Reply
Authors: Isaac S. Kohane, Daniel R. Masys, Russ B. Altman
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Which phonology? Evidence for a dissociation between articulatory and auditory phonology from word-form deafness
Authors: Giordana Grossi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pulverm&amp;uuml;ller's Hebbian model implies that an impairment in the word form system will affect phonological articulation and phonological comprehension, because there is only a single representation. Clinical evidence from patients with word-form deafness demonstrates a dissociation between input and output phonologies. These data suggest that auditory comprehension and articulatory production depend on discrete phonological representations localized in different cortical networks.
Public healthcare systems should not pay for private profit
Authors: S. Coffey, B. D. Prendergast
Journal: BMJ (2015)

We disagree with The BMJ ’s new policy of restricting authorship of educational articles to those without perceived competing interests.1

Our experience highlights an unintended consequence of such a move. We are performing a population cohort study into the prevalence of valvular heart disease,2 including the performance of auscultation as a predictor of disease found on echocardiography. To avoid having to …
Serum Protein Changes Following B.C.G. Vaccination
Authors: I. C. Gilliland, P. Stradling, E. M. Abdel-Wahab
Journal: BMJ (1958)

The petechiae may occur from the 2nd to as late as the 26th day of the illness.Their duration is related to the duration of fever.Other similar palatal lesions are discussed.Our thanks are due to numerous colleagues for their help, in particular to Captains J. H. Adams, A. Addison, H. Baron, and 0. W. Samuels, R.A.M.C., and to Miss Carla Tophoff for assistance in translation.
Mitochondrial Fission Triggered by Hyperglycemia Is Mediated by ROCK1 Activation in Podocytes and Endothelial Cells
Authors: Wenjian Wang, Yin Wang, Jianyin Long, Jinrong Wang, Sandra B. Haudek, Paul Overbeek, Benny H.J. Chang, Paul T. Schumacker, Farhad R. Danesh
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis with Trasylol: Report of a Controlled Therapeutic Trial
Authors: A. Skyring, A. Singer, P. Tornya
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Acute pancreatitis is a serious disease with a high mortality. The application of general medical and surgical measures such as intestinal decompression and the correction of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance has reduced this mortality signi ficantly, but more specific therapeutic measures are needed. The most widely accepted theory for the causation of acute pancrea titis at the present time is the activation of pancreatic trypsinogen with digestion of the pancreas (Forell, 1962), and the subsequent activation of potent circulatory enzymes, kalli krein and bradykinin, which may account for the severe clinical states found (Thai et al., 1963 ; Forell, 1963). If this theory is correct the possession of a potent non-toxic trypsin and kallikrein inhibitor should assist greatly in the management of this disease. Such an inhibitor was isolated from the parotid gland of cattle by Frey et al. (1950), and is now marketed as Trasylol, a polypeptide of low molecular weight capable of intravenous or intraperitoneal administration with few side effects. This drug has potent antitryptic activity in vitro (Moshal et al., 1963), and has been shown to be capable of preventing the development of experimentally induced pan creatitis in animals (McHardy et al., 1963 ; McCutcheon, 1963, 1964). However, despite widespread use in acute pancreatitis in humans it is still not possible to determine its value in the treatment of this disease, as most reports have been of un controlled clinical observations (Maurer, 1961 ; Forell, 1963 ; McHardy et al., 1963 ; Moshal et al., 1963). The only report of a double-blind study is a sentence in a review by Nardi (1963) that he found the drug of no benefit in such a trial, but that his figures were too small for statistical analysis. The purpose of this paper is to report a double-blind study of the use of this drug in acute pancreatitis of all degrees of severity treated in other respects by the usual therapeutic measures.
THE GYMNASIUM IN THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST DISEASE.
Authors: THOMAS A. STOREY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The education of the masses in matters of personal and general hygiene gives the greatest promise of success in our modern campaign against disease. The category of preventable diseases is large and their prevention is generally easily possible under proper personal and general hygienic regulations. In fact, it is certain that a reasonable hygienic regimen imposed for a long period of time and imposed on all individuals in any given region will result in the eradication in that region of certain diseases that are now widely prevalent. It is with a full realization of this fact and of the uselessness of much of our present mortality that prophylactic medicine has of late years become so active. Our text-books on medicine reiterate again and again the necessity for careful hygienic regulation in the prophylactic measures laid down for each disease. Physicians are advising their patients more and more concerning the relation
Abstract 3762: Automated analysis of breast cancer tissue microarrays to investigate etiologic heterogeneity in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium
Authors: Mark E. Sherman, William Howatt, Kelly Bolton, Paul Pharoah, Montserrat Garcia-Closas
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Data suggest that breast cancer risk factor associations vary by tumor marker expression. However, individual studies often lack the power required to assess these relationships and pooled analyses are limited by non-standardized scoring of tumor markers. To address these limitations, the Breast Cancer Association Consortium is assessing whether automated image analysis of immunohistochemically stained tissue microarrays (TMAs) can permit standardized scoring of tumor markers. Methods: TMA sections prepared in 10 case-control studies containing up to 9,298 breast cancers stained for estrogen receptor (ER); progesterone receptor (PR); human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2); epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cytokeratin 5/6 (CK 5/6) were scanned as digital images. Automated algorithms were used to score markers in tumor cells using the Ariol system. We are analyzing consistency of automated scores within individual studies; between studies; and against visual reads. Results: Preliminarily, distributions of automated scores were generally similar across different TMA blocks within a study; however isolated blocks yielded disparate results related to low or high intensity staining for a marker or the counterstain across the entire slide. Distributions of scores varied between studies, suggesting the need for study-specific cutpoints for negative vs. positive. Analysis of receiver operator characteristic curves comparing automated analysis to independently recorded visual reads in two studies demonstrated areas under the curves of 0.90 and 0.93 for tumors classified visually as ER+/PR+ and 0.91 and 0.88 for tumors scored visually as ER-/PR-. Cores scored as negative for EGFR or CK 5/6 by automated methods agreed well with visual scores, but many tumors scored as positive by automated analysis were negative by visual review, irrespective of ER / PR status. Thus, restricting analyses to ER-/PR- tumors (a subset of interest) reduced the number of discrepancies. Ongoing analyses are comparing automated and visual scores for all markers / studies and are assessing risk factor associations for breast cancer by tumor marker expression (negative vs. positive and strength of expression) based on automated scores. Conclusions: Automated analysis of immunohistochemically stained TMAs of breast cancers may be useful in standardizing high throughout characterization of cancer markers in multicenter studies and in consortia, although additional methodologic work is needed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3762.