tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Filtration of Schistosomes in Unanesthetized Man
Authors: Richard E. Kessler
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Removal of schistosomes from the portal venous blood by filtration in seven patients with Schistosoma mansoni was accomplished by means of an extracorporeal umbilico saphenous shunt, with the patients under local anesthesia. One to 305 worms were recovered, and flow rates of 530 to 1,425 cc/min were obtained. Quantitative stool egg counts up to 12 months after filtration demonstrate that retained schistosomes had resumed egg production in three of six patients. This study demonstrates the technical feasibility of total extracorporeal diversion of portal venous blood for reduction or elimination of the worm burden in schistosomiasis.
Gene-expression Profiling And Differential Pathways In The Sensitization And Tolerance To Allergens
Authors: B. Cárdaba, M. Aguerri, F. Florido, D. Montaner, M. Mata, J. López-Cacho, S. Gallardo, J. Dopazo, C. Lahoz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Massive Hemoptysis in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Maurice Lunger, Donald S. Abelson, Arthur H. Elkind, Adrian Kantrowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN a carefully analyzed series of 150 cases of rheumatic heart disease with pure or predominant tight mitral stenosis, Bradlow1 found a history of hemoptysis in 36.5 per cent. In most cases hemorrhage is mild and self-limited.2 On rare occasions, however, bleeding may become sufficiently massive to constitute a serious threat to life. When this occurs, death may result from asphyxia owing to the accumulation of blood in the tracheobronchial tree.3 4 5 6 7 Supportive measures usually employed in the management of pulmonary hemorrhage may be inadequate to control the bleeding. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate that when such a . . .
Studies of insulin resistance in adipocytes induced by macrophage mediator.
Authors: P Pekala, M Kawakami, W Vine, M D Lane, A Cerami
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

An apparent insulin resistance is noted in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after the addition of an endotoxin-induced mediator from macrophages. Examination at the level of the insulin receptor has revealed that the mediator does not effect either the functional ability of the cells to bind insulin or the ability of insulin to stimulate the uptake of glucose. The resistance appears to reflect a post-receptor interference with the insulin-induced biosynthesis of the anabolic enzymes, acetyl Co-A carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase, which are required for the conversion of glucose into storage lipid. These studies offer a new in vitro model for investigating the molecular basis of insulin resistance.
Parasympathetic coronary vasoconstriction induced by nicotine in conscious calves.
Authors: M A Young, D R Knight, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We studied the effects of intracoronary injection of nicotine and acetylcholine on coronary blood flow in nine conscious calves chronically instrumented to measure coronary blood flow, left ventricular (LV) and mean arterial pressure, LV dP/dt, and heart rate. Nicotine (5 micrograms/kg i.c.) elicited a biphasic response in coronary blood flow consisting of an initial vasoconstriction (phase 1; blood flow fell by 52 +/- 5.4% from a baseline of 66 +/- 7.5 ml/min) followed by vasodilation (phase 2, blood flow rose 119 +/- 12.7% above baseline). The change in coronary blood flow with nicotine was not associated with changes in LV systolic pressure, mean arterial pressure, or heart rate. The change in coronary blood flow was unaffected by combined alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade with prazosin, rauwolscine, and propranolol but was abolished by either muscarinic blockade with atropine or ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium. Acetylcholine (0.5 microgram/kg i.c.), without affecting mean arterial pressure, elicited changes in coronary blood flow similar to those observed with nicotine, producing an initial phase of coronary vasoconstriction (blood flow fell by 71 +/- 4.9%) followed by vasodilation (blood flow rose by 228 +/- 20.7%). Both phases of the response to acetylcholine were abolished by muscarinic blockade but were unaffected by ganglionic blockade. When nicotine was injected into the left circumflex coronary artery, no change in blood flow was observed in the left anterior descending coronary artery, indicating the lack of involvement of global reflex pathways. These results suggest that nicotine locally stimulates parasympathetic nerves, which constrict the coronary circulation via a muscarinic mechanism.
THE ROLE OF THE MICROBIAL FLORA IN UREMIA
Authors: Darryl Carter, Albert Einheber, Heinz Bauer, Hyman Rosen, Willard F. Burns
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

Uremic colitis of varying severity occurred in the majority of conventionalized rats dying after removal of both kidneys, but was not found in uremic conventionalized and germfree rats sacrificed preterminally, or in germfree and limited-flora rats dying from uremia, or in any of the controls. The lesions were restricted to the cecum and their incidence and severity paralleled a shorter duration of survival. Cardiovascular damage including focal myocardial necrosis and calcification and patchy aortic and coronary calcification were observed in uremic rats regardless of their microbial status. These lesions had a higher incidence, developed more rapidly, and were more severe in the germfree and limited-flora rats than in the conventionalized animals. The presence or severity of the lesions, however, did not correlate with survival time of rats dying from uremia or with total plasma calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels of individual animals. Generalized necrotizing arteritis was not observed. Wound healing was poor in all uremic rats regardless of microbial status. Focal infection was noted in a few conventionalized rats dying from uremia, did not correlate with survival time, and was absent in all other groups. Comparison of biochemical findings between uremic germfree and conventionalized rats show a higher blood urea nitrogen and elevated plasma indoxyl sulfate in the presence of a microbial flora and a greater amount of plasma inorganic phosphorus in its absence. Uremia resulted in a decrease in hematocrit and increase in plasma and muscle potassium that were similar for germfree and conventionalized rats. Plasma and muscle sodium, total plasma calcium, glucose, and total protein were essentially unchanged by microbial status or uremia. Because the foregoing differences in the metabolic and histopathologic changes of uremia are linked to the known difference in microbial status of the fasting bilaterally-nephrectomized rats that were studied, they are a tangible indication of ways by which the indigenous microbial flora and its composition may affect the course of acute uremia.
Abstract C21: LincRNA expression data analysis identifies prostate tumor subtypes with distinct biological processes
Authors: Maurizia Mello-Grand, Vijay K. Singh, Chiara Ghimenti, Maria Scatolini, Nicole Longoni, Laura Curti, Andrea Zitella, Paolo Gontero, Carlo V. Catapano, Giuseppina M. Carbone, Giovanna Chiorino
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) shows tremendous heterogeneity which makes it difficult to identify patients with an increased risk of disease recurrence. A better understanding of the biological mechanism of prostate cancer formation and progression is crucial for the discovery of new markers for this disease. In recent years it has become apparent that different non-coding RNAs are also implicated in prostate cancer. Several microRNAs are now associated with progression and classification of prostate cancer and other malignancies. The role played in progression and differentiation of distinct PCa subtypes by a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs, called large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs), has remained unexplored. LincRNAs are believed to have major consequences on gene expression patterns through epigenetic mechanisms. Thousands of lincRNAs have been identified in human tissues, but only few have been functionally characterized. To assess the role of lincRNAs in PCa, we analysed the expression pattern of nearly 28000 Entrez genes and 7500 unique lincRNAs in 56 primary PCas and 5 normal prostate tissues, using Agilent 8x60k arrays. Unsupervised clustering over 1610 lincRNAs, selected after filtering out non informative probes, classified 61 samples into 5 distinct classes. Anova analysis was done to identify genes specifically over or under expressed in each cluster and was followed by functional annotation analysis. Normal samples were separated into a cluster characterized by the down regulation of genes involved in chemotaxis and intracellular signaling cascade. The four tumor clusters showed up regulation of distinct biological processes, like cell cycle, chromatin organization and immune response, together with deregulation of MAP-kinase signaling through EGFR and members of the RAS family oncogene. These results show that sample classification based on lincRNA profiling is able to separate tumors into subgroups with distinct biological processes. Citation Format: Maurizia Mello-Grand, Vijay K. Singh, Chiara Ghimenti, Maria Scatolini, Nicole Longoni, Laura Curti, Andrea Zitella, Paolo Gontero, Carlo V. Catapano, Giuseppina M. Carbone, Giovanna Chiorino. LincRNA expression data analysis identifies prostate tumor subtypes with distinct biological processes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C21.
Evidence for multipotent endodermal stem/progenitor cell populations in human gallbladder
Authors: Guido Carpino, Vincenzo Cardinale, Raffaele Gentile, Paolo Onori, Rossella Semeraro, Antonio Franchitto, Yunfang Wang, Daniela Bosco, Angelo Iossa, Chiara Napoletano, Alfredo Cantafora, Giuseppe D’Argenio, Marianna Nuti, Nicola Caporaso, Pasquale Berloco, Rosanna Venere, Tsunekazu Oikawa, Lola Reid, Domenico Alvaro, Eugenio Gaudio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
1α,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol reduces rejection and improves survival in rat liver allografts
Authors: Claudio A. Redaelli, Markus Wagner, Ying-Hua Tien, Luca Mazzucchelli, Philip F. Stahel, Martin K. Schilling, Jean-François Dufour
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Vitamin D 3 affects the immuno response and improves experimental autoimmune diseases. We investigated the effect of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25[OH] 2 D 3 ) Rocaltrol as a single immunosuppresive agent and in combination with low-dose cyclosporin A (CsA) in vascularized liver allografts in rats in a high-responder strain combination (ACI⇒Lewis). Recipients were placed on a low-calcium diet 7 days before transplantation and were treated with 0.1 or 1 μg/kg/d 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 intraperitoneally beginning 3 days before transplantation. Treatment combining 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 with CsA (2 mg/kg/d) was also tested. Graft function and survival, histologic rejection, and concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -10, and -12 in serum and in grafts were measured. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 increased allograft survival in a dose-dependent manner when compared with controls ( P &lt; .05 for both groups). Serum bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were significantly lower in 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated animals. Vitamin D reduced the concentration of IL-2 and IL-12 in serum and in grafts, and increased IL-4 and IL-10 in the grafts. The rejection activity index 10 days after transplantation was significantly lower in low- and high-dose 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated rats compared with vehicle-treated controls ( P &lt; .0001 for both groups). The combination of either low-dose or high-dose vitamin D 3 and CsA prolonged graft survival when compared with low-dose CsA only ( P &lt; .05 for both groups). After 3 weeks, hypercalcemia developed in high-dose 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -treated rats. It is concluded that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 prolongs survival of liver allografts in rats by decreasing the severity of acute rejection. Analogues of vitamin D with fewer hypercalcemic effects may have potential as immunosuppressive drugs in liver transplantation.
Combination treatment with cholestyramine and bezafibrate for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Authors: L. D. Curtis, A. C. Dickson, K. L. Ling, J. Betteridge
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Cholestyramine and bezafibrate were compared individually and in combination in the treatment of 18 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The study used a double blind, placebo controlled block design with a placebo run in period of two months followed by three phases of active treatment, each of two months9 duration. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the six possible sequences of medication so that three patients would be treated with each sequence. Two patients withdrew from the study before completion. The median concentration of total cholesterol decreased from 9.65 mmol/l (interquartile range 8.62 to 8.72) to 7.24 mmol/l (6.70 to 7.52) with cholestyramine, to 8.09 mmol/l (7.18 to 8.68) with bezafibrate, and to 6.31 mmol/l (5.84 to 7.27) with the combination. This fall was due almost entirely to a decrease in the low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, and the combination was significantly more effective than either drug alone. The 98% confidence intervals for the median differences between the combination and cholestyramine and the combination and bezafibrate were 0.04 to 1.49 mmol/l and 0.51 to 2.18 mmol/l respectively. These results suggest that this combination is an effective and useful treatment in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Germline mutations of the RET ligand GDNF are not sufficient to cause Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Rémi Salomon, Tania Attié, Anna Pelet, Christelle Bidaud, Charis Eng, Jeanne Amiel, Sabine Sarnacki, Olivier Goulet, Claude Ricour, Claire Nihoul-Fékété, Arnold Munnich, Stanislas Lyonnet
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome: a report of two patients and a review of the literature
Authors: CELIA MOSS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Two siblings with poikiloderma, short stature and other abnormalities are described. They were originally reported as having Morquio syndrome; subsequently, mucopolysaccharidosis was excluded biochemically and they were classified as 'a newly recognized syndrome of connective tissue dysplasia'. It is now clear that their disorder is the Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS).
Incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes within a nonprofit healthcare system in western Washington state, 2005–2006
Authors: Anneclaire J. De Roos, H. Joachim Deeg, Lynn Onstad, Kenneth J. Kopecky, Erin J. Aiello Bowles, Mellissa Yong, Jon Fryzek, Scott Davis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) incidence is unclear because of historical lack of population‐based registration and possibly because of underdiagnosis. We conducted a study to evaluate completeness of MDS registration in the Seattle‐Puget Sound region of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program—which has reported the highest rates among the SEER registries since mandatory reporting of MDS began in 2001. We identified incident MDS cases of any age that occurred within a nonprofit healthcare system in western Washington State in 2005 or 2006 through the local SEER registry or by relevant diagnostic code followed by medical chart review to classify these patients as unlikely, possible, or definite/probable MDS. We calculated age‐standardized incidence rates for all identified MDS cases and for case groups based on identification method, and we summarized medical histories of the MDS patients. MDS incidence in our study population was estimated as 7.0 per 100,000 person‐years in 2005–2006 when combining MDS cases identified by SEER and definite/probable cases identified by chart review, which was similar to the rate of 6.9 reported by our local SEER registry. The addition of possible MDS cases identified from chart review increased the rate to 10.2 per 100,000. MDS patients frequently had previous cancer diagnoses (25%) and comorbidities such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Our investigation suggests that although reporting of confirmed MDS diagnoses in our region appears complete, MDS incidence is likely underestimated because of omission of cases who are symptomatic but do not receive definitive diagnoses. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Upper airways abnormalities and tracheal problems in Morquio's disease
Authors: P P Walker
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Morquio's disease is a metabolic disorder that can cause various respiratory abnormalities. Patients who live into adulthood are likely to develop upper airway problems and respiratory failure. With advances in home ventilation, these patients are increasingly likely to be referred to specialist respiratory units. We describe our experiences with two such patients.
Value of ECGs in identifying heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction
Authors: A. P Davie, M. P Love, J. J V McMurray
Journal: BMJ (1996)

conclusion is the author's "impression that the increased incidence of peanut or nut allergy is real" and the statement that "there has been a considerable increase in the rate of referrals for food allergy."Even more disturbingly, Hugh A Sampson cites this study in his editorial in support of his conclusion that "the prevalence of peanut and nut allergy is increasing."2While the incidence of nut allergy may indeed be rising, we believe that authors have a respon- sibility not to overstate their case, particularly on issues that are likely to be of interest to the media.Ewan should provide us with the evidence that led her to conclude that nut allergy is becoming common so that we can decide on this important issue, for ourselves and for our patients.
Squalene Synthase Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 Enrichment in Lipid Rafts to Promote Lung Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Yi-Fang Yang, Yi-Hua Jan, Yu-Peng Liu, Chih-Jen Yang, Chia-Yi Su, Yu-Chan Chang, Tsung-Ching Lai, Jean Chiou, Hong-Yuan Tsai, Jean Lu, Chia-Ning Shen, Jin-Yuh Shew, Pei-Jung Lu, Yuan-Feng Lin, Ming-Shyan Huang, Michael Hsiao
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Rationale: Metabolic alterations contribute to cancer development and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms relating metabolism to cancer metastasis remain largely unknown.Objectives: To identify a key metabolic enzyme that is aberrantly overexpressed in invasive lung cancer cells and to investigate its functional role and prognostic value in lung cancer.Methods: The differential expression of metabolic enzymes in noninvasive CL1-0 cells and invasive CL1-5 cells was analyzed by a gene expression microarray. The expression of target genes in clinical specimens from patients with lung cancer was examined by immunohistochemistry. Pharmacologic and gene knockdown/overexpression approaches were used to investigate the function of the target gene during invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. The association between the target gene expression and clinicopathologic parameters was further analyzed. Bioinformatic analyses were used to discover the signaling pathways involved in target gene-regulated invasion and migration.Measurements and Main Results: Squalene synthase (SQS) was up-regulated in CL1-5 cells and in the tumor regions of the lung cancer specimens. Loss of function or knockdown of SQS significantly inhibited invasion/migration and metastasis in cell and animal models and vice versa. High expression of SQS was significantly associated with poor prognosis among patients with lung cancer. Mechanistically, SQS contributed to a lipid-raft-localized enrichment of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in a cholesterol-dependent manner, which resulted in the enhancement of nuclear factor-κB activation leading to matrix metallopeptidase 1 up-regulation.Conclusions: Up-regulation of SQS promotes metastasis of lung cancer by enhancing tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 and nuclear factor-κB activation and matrix metallopeptidase 1 expression. Targeting SQS may have considerable potential as a novel therapeutic strategy to treat metastatic lung cancer.
An Analysis of Physician Antitrust Exemption Legislation
Authors: Fred J. Hellinger, Gary J. Young
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Current antitrust law restricts physicians from joining together to collectively negotiate. However, such activities may be approved by state laws under the so-called state action immunity doctrine and by federal legislation under an explicit antitrust exemption. In 1999, Texas became the first state to pass physician antitrust exemption legislation allowing physicians, under certain defined circumstances, to collectively negotiate fees with health plans. Last year, similar legislation was introduced in the US Congress, in 18 state legislatures, and in the District of Columbia. This legislation was passed only in the District of Columbia where its implementation was blocked by the city's financial control board. Nonetheless, legislation permitting physicians to collectively negotiate fees with managed care plans has been introduced in 10 state legislatures this year, and there is continued interest in introducing similar legislation in the US Congress. This analysis examines the basic features of this legislation and its potential impact on the balance of power between physicians and managed care plans.
Third time coming HOME: not just EASI
Authors: C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Third time coming HOME: not just EASI Get access C. Flohr C. Flohr St John's Institute of Dermatology Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust St Thomas' Hospital Lambeth Palace Road SE1 7EH LondonU.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 6, 1 December 2014, Pages 1287–1288, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13449 Published: 01 December 2014
Modular analysis of the transcriptional regulatory network of E. coli
Authors: Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio, Julio A. Freyre-González, Ricardo Menchaca-Méndez, Rosa M. Gutiérrez-Ríos, Agustino Martínez-Antonio, Cristhian Ávila-Sánchez, Julio Collado-Vides
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2004)
Empty Sella Syndrome Caused by Syphilitic Arachnoiditis
Authors: Kenneth A. Ellenbogen
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The empty sella syndrome has been the subject of extensive review.<sup>1,2</sup>This syndrome may occur spontaneously or be secondary to one of several intrasellar or extrasellar disease processes. I describe a hitherto unreported association of the empty sella syndrome occurring in the presence of active syphilitic arachnoiditis localized to the optic chiasm and diaphragma sellae. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 47-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of progressive visual loss. The onset of visual loss was sudden and painless, occurring over a 24-hour period. His vision gradually deteriorated over the next four months. He had been well all his life and he denied any recent headaches or change in libido. He had no history of head trauma, head irradiation, endocrine dysfunction, venereal disease, or methanol abuse. Details of his family history revealed no previous ophthalmologic problems. Physical examination showed bilateral optic atrophy with