tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ireland's parliament votes to allow "life saving" abortion
Authors: M. Houston
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Irish parliament’s lower house (Dail) has passed legislation that will, for the first time, formally authorise abortion in Ireland. The Protection of Human Life in Pregnancy Bill is expected to be ratified by the upper house (Seanad) this week, when it will become lawful for doctors to terminate a pregnancy in cases where a woman is at risk of taking her life.

The legislation, approved by a 127 to 31 vote on 12 July after two keenly debated parliamentary sessions, is primarily aimed …
TCT-5 Risk Versus Benefit of Early Invasive Approach in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Baseline Anemia: Analysis from the Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS)
Authors: Eugenia Nikolsky, Merav Sudarsky, Ateret Farcas, Shlomi Matezky, Ilan Goldenberg, Doron Sudarsky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Aliskiren and Dual Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Julie R. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The discovery 110 years ago that crude kidney extract elicited a pressor reaction provided the first evidence of the existence of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, a major vasoactive system,1 and the complex actions and interactions of this important cascade are still unfolding. Over the past few decades, various components of the renin−angiotensin−aldosterone system have been elucidated more completely, and previously unknown members have been discovered.2 Drugs that specifically block various components of the renin−angiotensin−aldosterone system have been developed (Figure 1). Angiotensin-converting–enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, and clinically available angiotensin-receptor blockers block the angiotensin II . . .
The Relationship Between Lupus Anticoagulants and Antibodies to Phospholipid
Authors: Douglas A. Triplett
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The relationship between lupus anticoagulants and antibodies directed against negatively charged phospholipids, as measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was explored in a series of plasma samples from 100 patients with well-characterized lupus anticoagulants. Only 73% of the patients had detectable IgG, IgM antibodies, or both, to one or more of four phospholipids. Of these patients, 29% had IgG-type antibodies only, 56% had both IgG and IgM antibodies, and 15% had IgM antibodies only. Of the 100 patients, 19% had a history of thrombosis, 8% had a history of spontaneous abortion, and 6% had a history of seizure disorder. These complications occurred in the presence (80%) and absence (20%) of detectable antiphospholipid antibodies. Drug-related antibodies were observed in 34 patients; of these, 71% had detectable antiphospholipid antibodies and 24% had a history of thrombosis. There were ten patients with lupus anticoagulants associated with infections; none of these patients had a history of thrombosis. The results indicate that antiphospholipid antibodies are not present in all patients with lupus anticoagulants, that the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with lupus anticoagulants does not increase the risk of thrombosis in these patients, and that drug-related antibodies are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Lupus anticoagulants and antiphospholipid antibodies seem to define two distinct but related patient populations, each associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:550-554)
Chemical Exposures: Low Levels and High Stakes
Authors: James E. Cone
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Drs Ashford and Miller were originally given the opportunity to research the subject of chemical exposures and associated multiple chemical sensitivities by a contract from the New Jersey Health Department. The report that resulted was expanded to form the basis for this volume, which provides a stimulating review of the controversy surrounding multiple chemical sensitivities.  The authors' primary message is that the techniques of scientific inquiry must be applied to a problem defined by the presence of multiple symptoms reflecting multiple organ systems among diverse groups of workers. The affected include office workers plagued by indoor air pollution, industrial workers exposed to industrial chemicals, and individuals exposed in their residences to ground water, air pollutants, food contaminated with pesticide residues, and home chemical products.  The authors note the parallels between the rise of multiple chemical sensitivities and two historical factors: the rise of chemical production and consumption and an overall
Patterns of respiratory illness in the first year of life.
Authors: C J Watkins, Y Sittampalam, D C Morrell, S R Leeder, E Tritton
Journal: BMJ (1986)

This paper describes a study of respiratory illness during the first year of life in a cohort of infants who were born between 1975 and 1978 to mothers who were registered with two inner London group general practices. The types of respiratory illness and their relation to the season of the year and season of birth of the child are examined. The relations among the frequency and type of respiratory illness and several social and family factors that have previously been shown to be associated with high levels of respiratory morbidity are also described.
Nrf2-Deficient Mice Have an Increased Susceptibility to Dextran Sulfate Sodium–Induced Colitis
Authors: Tin Oo Khor, Mou-Tuan Huang, Ki Han Kwon, Jefferson Y. Chan, Bandaru S. Reddy, Ah-Ng Kong
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders, have been strongly linked with an increased risk of the development of colorectal cancer. Understanding the etiology of these diseases is pivotal for the improvement of currently available strategies to fight against inflammatory bowel disease, and more importantly, to prevent colorectal cancer. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been known to be a transcriptional factor which plays a crucial role in cytoprotection against inflammation, as well as oxidative and electrophilic stresses. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of Nrf2 in the regulation of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced experimental colitis in mice. Nrf2-deficient mice were found to be more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis as shown by the increased severity of colitis following 1 week of oral administration of 1% DSS. The increased severity of colitis in Nrf2(−/−) mice was found to be associated with decreased expression of antioxidant/phase II detoxifying enzymes including heme-oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H-quinone reductase-1, UDP-glucurosyltransferase 1A1, and glutathione S-transferase Mu-1. In addition, proinflammatory mediators/cytokines such as COX-2, inducible nitric oxide, interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly increased in the colonic tissues of Nrf2(−/−) mice compared with their wild-type (Nrf2+/+) counterparts. In summary, we show for the first time that mice lacking Nrf2 are more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis. Our data suggests that Nrf2 could play an important role in protecting intestinal integrity, through regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(24): 11580-4)
USE OF N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS TO MAINTAIN SINUS RHYTHM AFTER CONVERSION FROM PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: Savina Nodari, Marco Triggiani, Anna Foresti, Giuseppe Milesi, Nicola Berlinghieri, Mihai Gheorghiade, Livio Dei Cas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Interest in interests in photodynamic therapy: reply from authors
Authors: K. Caekelbergh, L. Annemans
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Interest in interests in photodynamic therapy: reply from authors Get access K. Caekelbergh, K. Caekelbergh IMS HEOR, Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Annemans L. Annemans IMS HEOR, Brussels, BelgiumFaculty of Medicine, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. E‐mail: KCaekelbergh@be.imshealth.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Page 1393, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07911.x Published: 01 June 2007
Faculty Practice Plans: Caring for the Underserved?
Authors: Sheldon M. Retchin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —While I am supportive of Dr Bulger's<sup>1</sup>proposal for providing health care coverage to the underserved by academic medical centers (AMCs), he neglected to mention the relatively unique strength that AMC physicians have regarding their clinical practice, a faculty practice plan (FPP). Most AMCs have FPPs,<sup>2</sup>and these plans constitute an unusual resource for the clinical practice: a mechanism for reformation in practice style and substance. As a physician organization, FPPs antedate the structure typical of most provider practices. For example, while the frequency and size of group practice in the community has grown extensively only in recent years, the organization of clinical practice in AMCs has been in existence for more than 50 years.<sup>3</sup>As the vehicle for provider input and ingenuity, FPPs have been the principal force at many AMCs for organizing physician services in managed care, medical informatics, practice management, and
Isolated polycystic liver disease as a distinct genetic disease, unlinked to polycystic kidney disease 1 and polycystic kidney disease 2
Authors: Y Pirson, N Lannoy, D Peters, A Geubel, J Gigot, M Breuning, C Verellen-Dumoulin
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is proven to occur either sporadically or in association with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), whereas the existence of an isolated (i.e., without any kidney cyst) familial form is disputed. We describe a family with definitely isolated PLD transmitted through three generations and exclude the linkage of the disease to the genetic markers of PKD1 and PKD2, the two main loci responsible for ADPKD. These findings strongly support the existence of PLD as a genetic disease distinct from the known forms of ADPKD.
Clinicopathological analysis of 598 malignant lymphomas in Taiwan: Seven-year experience in a single institution
Authors: Ming-Yuan Lee, Tran-Der Tan, An-Chen Feng, Mei-Ching Liu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

The clinicopathological characteristics of malignant lymphomas vary according to geography. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution and clinicopathological characteristics of malignant lymphomas in Taiwan. Archival tissue from 598 malignant lymphomas during the period of 1995-2002 was retrieved. They were reclassified according to the World Health Organization classification system. Clinical data, including age, gender, clinical staging, and follow-up, were scrutinized. There were 330 males and 268 females. The median age at onset of disease was 56 years for B-cell lymphoma (BCL), 50 years for T/NK-cell lymphoma (TCL), and 26 years for Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). BCL accounted for 80.6%, TCL for 12.4%, and HL for 7%. The major subtypes of non-HL were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, plasma cell myeloma, marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type, mantle cell lymphoma, unspecified peripheral TCL, and nasal type T/NK-cell lymphoma. Nodular sclerosing subtype was the most common in HL. The frequencies of TCL and HL were relatively low. For histological subtype, enteropathy-type TCL and primary bone marrow HL had higher frequency and poorer prognosis. The 5-year overall survival of BCL, TCL, and HL was 58.9, 34.7, and 83.5%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series study of malignant lymphoma in Taiwan. Immunophenotype, histological subtype, and clinical stage play significant roles in prognosis (P < 0.05).
Detection of common deletional α‐thalassemia‐2 determinants by PCR
Authors: E. Baysal, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract We have developed a rapid approach to detect the two most common α‐thalassemia‐2 (α‐thal‐2) determinants by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, which takes a few hours to complete. Specific oligonucleotides selectively amplify appropriate segments of the chromosome with the deletion and the normal chromosome under identical experimental conditions, and the products are identified by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose. Characterization of the two most prevalent types of the −α 3.7 determinant [–α 3.7(1) and −α 3.7(11) ] can be made by Apa I digestion of the PCR product. Two types of α‐thal‐2 determinants, −α 3.7 and −α 4.2 , were tested in numerous samples from various parts of the world. This approach is believed to provide a cost‐effective way to screen large numbers of blood samples in a relatively short time and can be used to identify α‐thal‐2 heterozygotes and homozygotes and compound heterozygotes (–α 3.7 /–α 4.2 ) in populations where such α‐gene defects are shown to exist at high frequencies. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cloning of a novel glutamate receptor subunit, GluR5: Expression in the nervous system during development
Authors: Bernhard Bettler, Jim Boulter, Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer, Anne O'Shea-Greenfield, Evan S. Deneris, Carl Moll, Uwe Borgmeyer, Michael Hollmann, Stephen Heinemann
Journal: Neuron (1990)
A CONTRIBUTION TO SURGERY FROM ITS YOUNGEST SPECIALTY, DENTAL SURGERY.—THE SURGICAL ENGINE.Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: W. G. A. BONWILL
Journal: JAMA (1894)

While every medical man has heard and read of this instrument for the past twenty years, but few have ever witnessed the application of it in the surgery of the bones and tissues. Outside of Philadelphia—my home—it has been but little used, so slow are surgeons to take hold of new appliances, and particularly this engine, which, to so many, seems so formidable that, while they can not doubt its great efficacy yet they fear to handle an instrument driven at the high speed of from one to twenty thousand revolutions a minute. The dental engine had been tried for minor operations and was better than nothing; yet it was not until this duplicature of the human arm and hand was developed, that it was possible to call it a truly surgical engine. This I present you to-day, is the only type that is of any value and is based
Intracoronary ultrasound assessment of morphological and functional abnormalities associated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
Authors: A L Heroux, P Silverman, M R Costanzo, E J O'Sullivan, M R Johnson, Y Liao, T L McKiernan, J E Balhan, F S Leya, G M Mullen
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The diffuse nature of cardiac allograft vasculopathy makes early detection of the disease by traditional noninvasive methods or coronary angiography difficult. The aim of this study was to determine if there is a relation between abnormalities in vessel wall morphology, as assessed by intracoronary ultrasound, and a decreased vasodilatory response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator papaverine hydrochloride and if cardiac allograft vasculopathy detected by coronary angiography is associated with specific intracoronary ultrasound findings. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-three heart transplant recipients underwent 25 intracoronary ultrasound studies and 24 studies of coronary vasomotor tone 10 days to 8.3 years after surgery using a 20-mHz intracoronary ultrasound catheter. The studies were divided in two groups according to the presence (n = 7, group 1) or absence (n = 18, group 2) of angiographically evident cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Qualitative assessment of vessel wall morphology and quantitative analysis of the vasodilator response to the injection of papaverine hydrochloride into the coronary artery distal to the imaging site were performed off-line, and results for the two study groups were compared. A significantly higher percentage of patients with than without angiographic evidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy had a three-interface vessel wall morphology by intracoronary ultrasound (100% versus 11%, P &lt; .001). In two recipients who underwent two serial studies, the appearance of three interfaces in the vessel wall or a progressive thickening of the inner interface of the vessel wall occurred in conjunction with the appearance of angiographic cardiac allograft vasculopathy. The vasodilator response to papaverine was less in patients with than in those without angiographically evident cardiac allograft vasculopathy both in terms of absolute and relative increases in lumen diameter (+0.1 +/- 0.12 mm versus +0.3 +/- 0.17 mm, P &lt; .05, and +5.1 +/- 5.3% versus +8.2 +/- 5.3%, P = NS) and lumen cross-sectional area (+0.5 +/- 0.6 mm2 versus +1.7 +/- 1.1 mm2, P &lt; .02, and +7.1 +/- 8.8% versus 16.6 +/- 11.0%, P = .055), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary ultrasound assessment of vessel wall morphology and evaluation of vascular response to endothelium-dependent vasodilators are useful techniques for detecting cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
Pemphigus vulgaris: the manifestations and long-term management of 55 patients with oral lesions
Authors: None SCULLY, None PAES DE ALMEIDA, None PORTER, None GILKES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Perhaps surprisingly, the manifestations and management of patients with pemphigus vulgaris and oral lesions have been detailed only infrequently. The present study has examined the clinical features, diagnosis and management of a cohort of 55 patients, including three adolescents, with pemphigus vulgaris predominantly affecting the oral mucosa. There was about a 6-month delay from the onset of symptoms until presentation for diagnosis, longer in men than in women. Patients typically had multiple lesions affecting mainly the buccal and/or palatal mucosae, and over half the patients had lesions affecting non-oral mucosal sites. Nearly one-quarter (24%) had cutaneous involvement. Most patients were otherwise healthy with no other autoimmune disorders. Classical histopathological features of pemphigus vulgaris were present in all patients, as well as IgG intraepithelial deposits in all patients tested and circulating epithelial antibodies in most. Thirty-two patients were treated in the clinic, four responding to topical immunosuppressive therapy, the remainder needing and responding, at least in part, to systemic immunosuppression. Systemic corticosteroids often with adjunctive immunosuppressives, particularly azathioprine, were required in 87% of patients. In 18% of the patients, the disease resolved in 3 months, but 76% had recalcitrant disease. Adverse effects were seen in 78%, and two patients died, at least one as a consequence of immunosuppressive therapy. It is concluded that pemphigus vulgaris affecting the oral mucosa is still diagnosed only after considerable delay because patients, especially men, present late; it has a chronic course; it is often associated with lesions in other mucosae and/or skin; it can be resistant to currently available therapies; and immunosuppressive therapy frequently produces adverse effects, occasionally lethal.
Consensus on red cell transfusion
Authors: C A J Wardrop, B M Holland, J G. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Perioperative blood and red cell transfusion in elective surgery varies, apparently without justification, among clinical units.1 Guidelines have not been agreed about when to give a transfusion and how much blood to give. Evidence has not been gathered to justify the heterogeneity of transfusion practice, which exposes recipients to numerous hazards, albeit a small risk per “donor exposure.”2

Previous attempts have been made to establish guidelines: in 1988 the US National Institutes of Health's consensus conference on perioperative transfusion proposed that a haemoglobin concentration of <70 g/l justified transfusion. The recommendations, however, were so hedged around with the need to consider patients' clinical problems individually that the suggested haemoglobin concentration was only a small component in the decision.3 This is entirely appropriate as the haemoglobin concentration or packed cell volume alone gives insufficient information on which to base a decision to give a transfusion.

These uncertainties explain the consensus conference at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh last …
GH‐independent cardiotropic activities of hexarelin in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction due to dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: M. Imazio, M. Bobbio, F. Broglio, A. Benso, V. Podio, M.R. Valetto, G. Bisi, E. Ghigo, G.P. Trevi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2002)
Losmapimod, a novel p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a randomised phase 2 trial
Authors: L Kristin Newby, Michael S Marber, Chiara Melloni, Lea Sarov-Blat, Laura H Aberle, Philip E Aylward, Gengqian Cai, Robbert J de Winter, Christian W Hamm, John F Heitner, Raymond Kim, Amir Lerman, Manesh R Patel, Jean-Francois Tanguay, John J Lepore, Hussein R Al-Khalidi, Dennis L Sprecher, Christopher B Granger
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
Exhibition: Dots and dashes; zeros and ones
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Rating ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> An exhibition at the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, until 30 July The full exhibition is also available at www.nlm.nih.gov/onceandfutureweb It allowed people to communicate almost instantly across great distances. It revolutionised business practice, gave rise to new forms of crime, and inundated its users with a deluge of information. Secret codes were devised by some users and cracked by others. The benefits of the network were relentlessly hyped by its advocates and dismissed by the sceptics. Governments and regulators tried and failed to control the new medium. It was the telegraph, as described by Tom Standage in The Victorian Internet (Orion Paperbacks, 1999). In “The Once and Future Web: Worlds Woven by the Telegraph and Internet” the US National Library of Medicine has mounted a compare and contrast exhibition, in which the similarities predominate. As well as filling the exhibition space in Bethesda, the complete exhibition is accessible from the library's website. The route travelled by Samuel Morse's inaugural telegraphic message in 1844, “WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT,” passed only a few miles from the library's door. Within a few decades telegraph wires had … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Phlegmonous Gastritis after Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
Authors: B. Lee, S. Kim, J. Seong, S. Kim, H. Jeong, H. Lee, K. Song, D. Kang, S. Noh, K. Shin, J. Cho
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Phlegmonous gastritis is a rare complication of endoscopic procedures, or may occur in the fetus [1]. Two cases have been reported: one followed India ink marking and the other followed polypectomy [2] [3]. Several conditions can predispose to the development of phlegmonous gastritis, including conditions associated with reduced immune response, gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal surgery [4] [5]. We encountered a case of phlegmonous gastritis and report it here because of its rarity.
A Novel Mass Spectrometry–Based Assay for Diagnosis of EML4-ALK–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kazuko Sakai, Isamu Okamoto, Ken Takezawa, Tomonori Hirashima, Hiroyasu Kaneda, Masayuki Takeda, Kazuko Matsumoto, Hideharu Kimura, Yoshihiko Fujita, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Tokuzo Arao, Kazuto Nishio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)