tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Phase 1 Trial of Oncolytic HSV-1, G207, Given in Combination With Radiation for Recurrent GBM Demonstrates Safety and Radiographic Responses
Authors: James M Markert, Shantanu N Razdan, Hui-Chien Kuo, Alan Cantor, Anette Knoll, Matthias Karrasch, L Burt Nabors, Michael Markiewicz, Bonita S Agee, Jennifer M Coleman, Alfred D Lakeman, Cheryl A Palmer, Jacqueline N Parker, Richard J Whitley, Ralph R Weichselbaum, John B Fiveash, G Yancey Gillespie
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

G207, a mutant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, is safe when inoculated into recurrent malignant glioma. We conducted a phase 1 trial of G207 to demonstrate the safety of stereotactic intratumoral administration when given 24 hours prior to a single 5 Gy radiation dose in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Nine patients with progressive, recurrent malignant glioma despite standard therapy were included. Patients received one dose of G207 stereotactically inoculated into the multiple sites of the enhancing tumor margin and were then treated focally with 5 Gy radiation. Treatment was well tolerated, and no patient developed HSV encephalitis. The median interval between initial diagnosis and G207 inoculation was 18 months (mean: 23 months; range: 11–51 months). Six of the nine patients had stable disease or partial response for at least one time point. Three instances of marked radiographic response to treatment occurred. The median survival time from G207 inoculation until death was 7.5 months (95% confidence interval: 3.0–12.7). In conclusion, this study showed the safety and the potential for clinical response of single-dose oncolytic HSV therapy augmented with radiation in the treatment of malignant glioma patients. Additional studies with oncolytic HSV such as G207 in the treatment of human glioma are recommended. G207, a mutant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, is safe when inoculated into recurrent malignant glioma. We conducted a phase 1 trial of G207 to demonstrate the safety of stereotactic intratumoral administration when given 24 hours prior to a single 5 Gy radiation dose in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Nine patients with progressive, recurrent malignant glioma despite standard therapy were included. Patients received one dose of G207 stereotactically inoculated into the multiple sites of the enhancing tumor margin and were then treated focally with 5 Gy radiation. Treatment was well tolerated, and no patient developed HSV encephalitis. The median interval between initial diagnosis and G207 inoculation was 18 months (mean: 23 months; range: 11–51 months). Six of the nine patients had stable disease or partial response for at least one time point. Three instances of marked radiographic response to treatment occurred. The median survival time from G207 inoculation until death was 7.5 months (95% confidence interval: 3.0–12.7). In conclusion, this study showed the safety and the potential for clinical response of single-dose oncolytic HSV therapy augmented with radiation in the treatment of malignant glioma patients. Additional studies with oncolytic HSV such as G207 in the treatment of human glioma are recommended.
Electrophysiological effects of acetylcholine in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction
Authors: A. Bril, R. Y K Man
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Study objective – The aim of the study was to investigate the electrophysiological effects of acetylcholine in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction. Design – Infarction in canine hearts was produced by coronary occlusion. Ischaemic tissue was removed and surviving Purkinje fibres were compared for effects of increasing concentrations of acetylcholine (1-100 μM) with control Purkinje fibres from normal hearts and normal Purkinje fibres treated with barium. Subjects – Experimental animals were mongrel dogs of either sex, weight 10-15 kg, n = 14 (control), 9 (infarction group), 11 (Ba treated group). Measurements and main results – Acetylcholine caused concentration dependent shortening of action potential duration in normal Purkinje fibres and in fibres surviving infarction, but had no effect when potassium conductance was decreased with Ba. Acetylcholine induced a small hyperpolarisation in normal Purkinje fibres and in fibres surviving infarction perfused with a 4 mM potassium solution without affecting action potential amplitude or dV/ dtmax. Reduction in K concentration to 1 and 2 mM caused a greater depolarisation of diastolic potential in normal fibres than in fibres surviving infarction or Ba treated fibres. Acetylcholine produced hyperpolarisation under these conditions in normal fibres only. Acetylcholine decreased automaticity in normal fibres only at high concentration (100 μM). A lesser effect was seen in Ba treated fibres and in fibres surviving infarction. Conclusions – Since Ba treated Purkinje fibres had similar action potential characteristics to those seen in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction and responded in the same way to the modifications of K concentration, a decrease in K conductance might be the underlying mechanism for some of the electrophysiological changes in fibres surviving infarction. The results also suggest that after 24 h ischaemia, surviving Purkinje fibres have a different sensitivity to acetylcholine from normal fibres.
Physician Burnout: An Urgent Call for Early Intervention
Authors: Aibek E. Mirrakhimov, Lauren P. Rimoin, Shawn G. Kwatra
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Macromolecular metabolism in hyperplastic epidermal disease—a radio-autographic study
Authors: KENNETH A. ARNDT, IRWIN M. FREEDBERG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Macromolecular metabolism in hyperplastic epidermal disease—a radio‐autographic study Get access KENNETH A. ARNDT, KENNETH A. ARNDT Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U. S. A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IRWIN M. FREEDBERG IRWIN M. FREEDBERG Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U. S. A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 5, 1 November 1974, Pages 541–548, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12942.x Published: 01 November 1974 Article history Accepted: 29 March 1974 Published: 01 November 1974
Excellence or Minimal Acceptable Standards? — Philosophy of a Journalist
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

AS we enter a new decade the medical scene in Britain is confused, and the outlook remains uncertain. The years of expansion of the National Health Service (NHS) seem to be past, and the chill reality of Mr. Enoch Powell's claim1 that the demands upon the NHS are infinite whereas the resources are finite is at last being recognized. The official government response to the report of the Royal Commission on the NHS2 is still awaited, but the British Medical Journal 3 believes that the initial lukewarm reception given the report was justified. It was unfortunate that the report was published . . .
THE TREATMENT OF CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER BY RADICAL SURGICAL METHODS
Authors: E. STARR JUDD
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The idea that carcinoma originates in a single area is borne out in the case of carcinoma of the bladder. Furthermore, carcinoma beginning in the tissues of the bladder usually remains confined to these tissues. Only in rare instances does it metastasize to distant regions or extend beyond the confines of the bladder and perivesical tissues. Death occurs indirectly from the effects of carcinoma of the bladder but directly from secondary infection in the surrounding tissues and in the kidneys. Because of the tendency for carcinoma of this organ to remain local, it should especially lend itself to radical resection, and the results of radical surgical treatment in these cases should be better than they are at present.  The functioning mechanism of the bladder depends on the sphincter muscles controlling the outflow, the ureteral orifices through which the urine enters the bladder, and, in operations on the bladder, a sufficient
FKBP5 expression in human adipose tissue increases following dexamethasone exposure and is associated with insulin resistance
Authors: Maria J. Pereira, Jenny Palming, Maria K. Svensson, Magnus Rizell, Jan Dalenbäck, Mårten Hammar, Tove Fall, Cherno O. Sidibeh, Per-Arne Svensson, Jan W. Eriksson
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Re: Evaluating Gastric Cancer Misclassification: a Potential Explanation for the Rise in Cardia Cancer Incidence
Authors: F. Levi, V.-C. Te, L. Randimbison, C. La Vecchia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

Increased incidence of adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia has been reported over the last few decades from several areas of North America and Europe (1–2). A mortality study from the Swedish Cancer Registry, however, suggested that the observed upward trends can be, partly or largely, accounted for by changed accuracy of registration within gastric subsites (3). We considered, therefore, trends in incidence rates for various gastric subsites in the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud (covering approximately 600 000 inhabitants in 1990 from the French-speaking part of Switzerland) over the period from 1976 through 1997. In this area, uniform criteria of classification have been adopted, and traditional attention has been focused on careful endoscopic and histopathologic examination of gastric lesions (4–6). Table 1 gives average age-adjusted (on the world standard population) incidence rates for various subsites of gastric cancer during three separate calendar periods. In both sexes, no appreciable change in incidence of adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia was observed (3.1 cases per 100 000 males, and 0.5 cases per 100 000 females from 1976 through 1979 versus 3.2 and 0.1, respectively, from 1995 through 1997), while appreciable downward trends were observed for distal and other or unspecified gastric cancer sites. These data, from a carefully surveyed European population, therefore do not support the existence of a systematic and major rise in incidence of cardiac adenocarcinomas (3,7), confirming that—in proportional terms—the cancers of the gastric cardia have become
Survey of pulmonary tuberculosis in south and west Wales.
Authors: H A Buechner
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Fluid intake can increase or decrease the effect of dietary fibre on gastrointestinal function depending on the type (water, tea, coffee, etc,) and quantity of fluid consumed.Chocolate, coffee, tea, cocoa, and some carbonated beverages (usually colas) contain methylxanthines, caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.1The methylxanthines cause stimulation of the central nervous system, diuresis, and relaxation of smooth muscle.The various methylxanthines differ greatly in the intensity of their actions on various structures.'Consumption of tea in large quantity causes a fall in faecal bile acid output and an increase in intestinal transit time, while water in the same quantity produces opposite effects.Theo- phylline present in the tea by inducing diuresis causes extracellular dehydration and an increase in intestinal absorption of water leading to constipation.2Coffee does not cause gall-bladder emptying.3The methylxanthines present in the coffee inhibit gall-bladder emptying.Ingestion of water causes gall-bladder emptying4 and a rise in total serum bile acids5 similar to a meal.Rise in total serum bile acids -is seen in a cholecystectomised patient also after ingestion of water (personal observation).The probable existence of a "gastrobiliary" reflex has been postulated,6 and ingestion of water may stimulate this reflex.Entry of food into the proximal part of small intestine initiates a "gastroileal" reflex,7 and water may initiate this reflex also.Dihydroxy bile acids inhibit colonic absorption of water.8Waterholding and bile salt binding are physical properties of dietary fibre.9Increase in water intake will allow increase in the amount of water presented to the large bowel, leading to an increase in the water content of faeces, which may help in more complete evacuation of faeces.Hence in dietary fibre therapy water intake at regular intervals in sufficient quantity should be advised.
The Goulstonian Lectures on Insanity in Relation to Cardiac and Aortic Disease and Phthisis
Authors: Wm. J. Mickle
Journal: BMJ (1888)

uninfluenced by the spoons.The fascia was in places under- mined, and these I opened up and scraped well out.The bleed- ing here, too, was profuse, but kept down with }lot water and the pressure of sponges.Dressings as in the previous case were ap- plied,andthe patientwaswell pleasedwith theeffect, andthe speedy restoration of supI)pleness to his neck.He was up and about in a day or two, and wvell in a fortnight.l have gone thus far, but I hope not tediouisly, into these five cases to show that wlhile neither erasion nor excision is by itself a panacea for all carbuncles, the two processes combined or selected
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: David C. Bartsch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Between 1970 and 1973, seven cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were diagnosed in the village of Elmwood, Wis, and the surrounding area. The patients ranged in age from 14 to 97 years. Interpersonal relationships were noted among all patients in the group. This cluster of cases represents a greater than 20-fold increase in the expected incidence of this disease for this population. Morphologic similarities in the blast cells were seen in all cases. This cluster of cases may bear a relationship to bovine leukemia since the town was located in dairy farming country and because a number of the patients had either worked at or lived near the town creamery.
The sun always rises: Scientists also need semantics
Authors: Gordon M. Burghardt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Penn et al. do not demonstrate Darwin made a mistake, because they largely ignore the semantics underlying the meanings of “degree” and “kind.” An analysis based on the work of Mortimer Adler shows such terminology conflates at least three different meanings of “kind,” only one of which challenges Darwin – and one which the authors almost certainly would reject. We must also admit that there is a much wider interval in mental power between one of the lowest fishes, as a lamprey or lancelet, and one of the higher apes, than between an ape and man; yet this immense interval is filled with numberless gradations. ;&gt; — Charles Darwin (1871, p. 35) The distance between man and ape is greater than the distance between ape and ameba. ;&gt; — William Gaylin (1990, p. 8)
Using antibiotics in suspected haemolytic-uraemic syndrome
Authors: Stephanie Dundas, W T Andrew Todd, Marguerite A Neill, Phillip I Tarr
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Secondary prevention of heart disease with statins Groups were as different as chalk and cheeseEditor-Wei et al say that the results of their observational study of treatment with statins in routine clinical practice in Tayside are consistent with, and similar to, those reported in clinical trials. 1 This conclusion is hardly justified.A cohort of patients, defined by a discharge diagnosis of myocardial infarction between January 1993 and December 2001, was studied to compare the outcomes in those treated with statins and those not receiving these drugs.The data clearly show that the two groups differed substantially in terms of age, sex, comorbidity, and other cardiovascular drug treatment-all of these factors were biased in favour of a poorer outcome in patients not given statins.Furthermore, the two groups belonged to different time periods, most of the untreated patients to the earlier part and most of those given statins to the later part of the study.Given the changes between 1993 and 2001-including, for example, those related to the management of acute myocardial infarction and the criteria for diagnosis-it is only to be expected that the untreated group would have a higher risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.Multivariate analysis was reported as showing that statins reduced all cause mortality by 31% and the composite end point of myocardial infarction plus cardiovascular mortality by 18%.These results should be greeted with scepticism.Firstly, many trials of statins have failed to show any reduction whatsoever in all cause mortality. [2]][4][5] Secondly, as observed in other studies, any reduction in all cause mortality would be expected to be much less than that for composite cardiovascular end points. 2 4 5 The two groups in this study were as different as chalk and cheese.It should come as no surprise, therefore, that the results were anomalous.In such circumstances, no amount of statistical trickery could be expected to furnish anything of value.
Emploi des polymères dans l'élaboration de nouvelles formes médicamenteusesEds. P. Buri, E. Doelker and P. Pasquier University of Geneva, Vifor S.A., Case Postale, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland, 1980, 275 pp, S.F. 120
Authors: N PEPPAS
Journal: Biomaterials (1981)
Subsidized Health Care: The Hidden System
Authors: Linda Gundersen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 September 1998Subsidized Health Care: The Hidden SystemLinda GundersenLinda GundersenAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-6-199809150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Does the present health insurance system really bar access to health care for millions of Americans, or only for those who do not know how to use the world's most complicated health care system effectively? The statistics readily point to the millions of Americans who have no insurance, but what about the millions who are able to get health care without insurance? Who is paying the cost? Millions of people turn down free insurance coverage, which further indicates that free health care, or a hidden subsidized medical system, is more prevalent than statistics reveal.In 1996, approximately 6 million employees ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoNumber of Uninsured Continues To Rise Linda Gundersen Metrics 15 September 1998Volume 129, Issue 6Page: 514KeywordsGlobal healthHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability ActHealth careHealth insuranceHealth statisticsInsuranceMedicareObstetrics and gynecologyPrevention, policy, and public healthTaxes Issue Published: 15 September 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Mathematical Model of HPV Provides Insight into Impacts of Risk Factors and Vaccine
Authors: Jane J Kim
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Over the next few years, we can expect to see the licensing of one or more prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, considered a necessary precursor to cervical cancer. Among over 40 known types of HPV, 15 have been identified as being “high risk” or oncogenic. The vaccines will likely target at least two of these oncogenic types, HPV types 16 and 18, which have been found to contribute to nearly 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide—although there is large variation in contribution by geographic region [ 1, 2]. Although cytology-based cervical cancer screening has been successful in decreasing the incidence of invasive cancer in many developed countries, vaccination may be the most promising intervention from a global perspective—reducing the burden of cervical cancer in resource-poor settings, where most cases occur.
Does losartan benefit endothelial dysfunction and experimental infarct size in rats exposed to second hand smoke?
Authors: Boqing Zhu, Richard E. Slevers, Amanda E. Browne, Robert T. Hillman, Kamel Chair, Randall J. Lee, Kanu Chatterjee, William Grossman, Stanton A. Glantz, William W. Parmley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 4992: SPARC overexpression induces ER stress leading to autophagy-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: G. S. Sailaja, Praveen Bhoopathi, Bharathi Gorantla, Andrew J. Tsung, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor affecting children. Long-term survival for children (older than 18 months of age) with advanced disease is poor despite aggressive multimodal therapy. Normal cellular apoptosis is affected in multiple ways in a variety of diseases, including cancer. Our earlier studies showed that SPARC overexpression induced autophagy-mediated apoptosis in PNET cells. In the present study, we attempt to determine the signaling cascade associated with initiation of autophagy and apoptosis as a result of SPARC overexpression in combination with radiation. As demonstrated by TUNEL assay, neuroblastoma cells showed increased apoptosis with the combination treatment as compared to treatment with either SPARC or radiation alone. In corroboration, we also observed activation of caspase 3, and cleavage of PARP and Bid as determined by Western blotting. The combination treatment triggered endoplasimic reticulum (ER) stress and thereby an unfolded protein (UPR) response. This was apparent with the activation of stress receptors, pancreatic ER kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE 1), as shown by western blotting. ER stress led to mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2 α; another ER resident protein). In addition, we demonstrate that overexpression of SPARC induced IRE-JNK activation, leading to induction of the transcription factor CHOP. Inhibition of ER stress (or JNK activation) led to inhibition of autophagy-mediated apoptosis as demonstrated by decreased levels of LC3-II, and cleavage of caspase 3, PARP and Bid. Taken together, these results demonstrate the involvement of ER stress in regulating autophagy-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells treated with radiation and SPARC overexpression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4992. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4992