tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Therapies and Mortality in Patients Hospitalized in December with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Trip J. Meine, Manesh R. Patel, Venita DePuy, Lesley H. Curtis, Sunil V. Rao, Bernard J. Gersh, Kevin A. Schulman, James G. Jollis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Previous studies suggest that patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI) in December have poor outcomes, and some studies have hypothesized that the cause may be the infrequent use of evidence-based therapies during the December holiday season.To compare the care and outcomes of patients with acute MI hospitalized in December and patients hospitalized during other months.Retrospective analysis of data from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.Nonfederal, acute care hospitals in the United States.127 959 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized between January 1994 and February 1996 with confirmed acute MI.Use of aspirin, beta-blockers, and reperfusion therapy (thrombolytic therapy or percutaneous coronary intervention), and 30-day mortality.When the authors controlled for patient, hospital, and physician characteristics, the use of evidence-based therapies was not significantly lower but 30-day mortality was higher (21.7% vs. 20.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.12]) among patients hospitalized in December.This was a nonrandomized, observational study. Unmeasured characteristics may have contributed to outcome differences.Thirty-day mortality rates were higher for Medicare patients hospitalized with acute MI in December than in other months, although the use of evidence-based therapies was not significantly lower.
Juniors' hours: measuring the strength of feeling.
Authors: S Hunter
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is transported anterogradely in neurons of the CNS and can be released by activity-dependent mechanisms to regulate synaptic plasticity. However, few neural networks have been identified in which the production, transport, and effects of BDNF on postsynaptic neurons can be analyzed in detail. In this study, we have identified such a network. BDNF has been colocalized by immunocytochemistry with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in nerve fibers and nerve terminals within the lateral septum of rats. BDNF-containing nerve fibers terminate on a population of calbindin-containing neurons in lateral septum that contain TrkB, the high-affinity receptor for BDNF. Overexpression of BDNF in noradrenergic neurons increased levels of calbindin in septum, as well as in whole-brain lysates. Septal levels of calbindin and BDNF partially decreased after unilateral lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB), induced with 6-hydroxydopamine, a treatment that abolished TH staining. These data suggest that BDNF is anterogradely transported within the MFB in catecholaminergic neurons arising from brainstem nuclei. To determine whether BDNF affects the production of calbindin in lateral septal neurons directly, we tested the effects of BDNF on cultures of septal neurons from embryonic day 16–17 rats. BDNF promoted the expression of calbindin, as well as the arborization of calbindin-containing neurons, but BDNF had no effect on cell division or survival. Together, these results suggest that BDNF, anterogradely transported in catecholaminergic neurons, regulates calbindin expression within the lateral septum.
Medicine in North Carolina: Essays in the History of Medical Science and Medical Service, 1524-1960
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This history of medicine in North Carolina makes us realize how interconnected are the areas of medical practice, education, public health, politics, sociology, and economics. The work, in two volumes, with a vast number of contributors, shows excellent organization. There are four major topics. The first takes up the development of medicine from the earliest settlements up to 1960 (the cutoff date). Medicine gradually changed from a highly empirical activity—more so than in some of the larger and more cosmopolitan centers—to its presently highly organized status. This section, by Wiley D. Forbus, pays particular attention to the development of pathology—but after all, pathology is quite literally the "science of disease." The remainder of the first volume discusses the development of the administrative agencies, especially medical examining boards and Blue Cross, and "medical service facilities." This includes a long chapter by Warner Wells on pioneer hospitals, and shorter chapters on some
Selective Activation of Cervical Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Human Papillomavirus 16-E7 Oncoprotein
Authors: R. D'Anna, H. Le Buanec, G. Alessandri, A. Caruso, A. Burny, R. Gallo, J.-F. Zagury, D. Zagury, P. D'Alessio
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001)

Background: Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is strongly implicated in the etiology of cervical cancer, with the expression of HPV16-encoded E7 oncoprotein in infected epithelial cells contributing to their malignant transformation. Although nuclear E7 interacts with several nuclear targets, we have previously shown that extracellular E7 can cause suppression of immune cell function. Moreover, cervical microvascular endothelial (CrMVEn) cells treated with E7 increase their expression of adhesion molecules. High levels of some cytokines in serum and in cervicovaginal secretions are associated with the progression of cervical cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of extracellular E7 on cytokine production and on cytoskeleton structure of CrMVEn cells and vascular endothelial cells from different organs. Methods: Immunocytochemical staining and flow cytometry techniques were used to detect E7 in endothelial cells incubated with purified E7 protein. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to study the E7-induced modification of the endothelial cytoskeleton. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the production of two cytokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8), by E7-treated endothelial cells. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Extracellular E7 was taken up by CrMVEn cells and localized to the cytoplasm. CrMVEn cells showed a statistically significant (P<.02) increase in the production of IL-6 and IL-8 after treatment with E7 compared with the controls. CrMVEn cells also produced higher levels of these cytokines than did the other endothelial cells (P<.01). E7 also induced marked alterations in the endothelial cytoskeleton of CrMVEn cells as a result of actin fiber polymerization. Conclusion: These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which E7, as an extracellular factor, can play a role in the progression and dissemination of cervical cancer via its selective effects on endothelial cells.
Antenatal magnesium sulphate
Authors: D. M. Peebles, N. Marlow, P. Brocklehurst
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Reduces risk of cerebral palsy if given before preterm delivery

Most clinical research into preterm delivery is based on the assumption that neonatal and therefore childhood outcomes are better the longer gestation proceeds and that delaying delivery is beneficial. However, strategies that prolong pregnancy have not been shown to improve the outcome for the child⇓.



Lissac/Science Photo Library

For example, neither of two recent randomised controlled trials showing that antenatal administration of progesterone reduces the number of women delivering preterm found that prolongation of pregnancy improved neonatal outcome, let alone longer term outcomes of surviving children.1 2 The need for follow-up data is highlighted by the ORACLE Children Study. Despite no discernable effect in the immediate neonatal period, cerebral palsy was more common in the offspring of women who received erythromycin, co-amoxiclav, or both antibiotics during spontaneous preterm labour compared with those who received placebo at the seven year follow-up (erythromycin v no erythromycin: odds ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.21 to 3.09; co-amoxiclav v no co-amoxiclav: 1.69, 1.07 to 1.67).3 These results imply that such intervention may have detrimental delayed effects.

Antenatal interventions to treat the fetus rather than prolong gestation can improve child outcomes. A recent systematic review that included trials over many …
THE RELATION OF CHOLELITHIASIS TO DISEASE OF THE PANCREAS.
Authors: EUGENE L. OPIE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The intimate relation of pancreatic disease to lesions of the liver is forecast in the embryo at a time when that part of the pancreas which will subsequently contain the larger pancreatic duct makes its appearance as two diverticula situated beside the embryonic hepatic duct where it enters the intestine. One of these rudimentary structures disappearing, the duct of Wirsung, which will subsequently become the outlet for almost the entire pancreatic secretion, enters the intestine in conjunction with the common bile duct. The smaller duct of the pancreas, the duct of Santorini has its origin in an embryonic diverticulum situated nearer the stomach. The two parts of the gland subsequently unite to form the adult organ, but the two ducts are subject to considerable variation, differing in their relation to one another and to the common bile duct.
Textbook of Performing Arts Medicine
Authors: David J. Shulkin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Right before our eyes a new medical specialty is being born, the specialty of performing arts medicine. It deals with injuries and occupational hazards that affect musicians, singers, and dancers. As with any specialty, it is based on a body of knowledge that allows the physician greater expertise in the care of the patient. This textbook, to my knowledge the first of its kind, is a birth announcement to the world that performing arts medicine has arrived. The book starts off detailing the evolution of the specialty. It soon becomes clear that it is the result not of a technological breakthrough, but rather a return to the basics—the history, physical examination, and empathy. Many artists have shunned Western medicine with its reliance on advanced diagnostic machinery and pharmaceutical cures and have turned instead to holistic health alternatives. With this book's approach, medicine may be on the road to winning these
Havana and the Coma and Death Symposia
Authors: Calixto Machado
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

To the Editor: The city of Havana, Cuba, welcomed colleagues from every continent for the First (1992), Second (1996), and Third (2000) International Symposia on Coma and Death. The U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control decided to prohibit almost 100 American scholars from attending the fourth symposium, which was held March 9 through 12, 2004. Since 1992, internationally known American scholars have legally attended the symposia, held every four years: 25 attended in 1992, 31 in 1996, and 54 in 2000. Two important books have emerged from these conferences.1,2 When we invited our colleagues to attend the Fourth International . . .
Positive Ventilation-Perfusion Lung Scan and Positive TI-201 Myocardial Scintigraphy Due to Takayasuʼs Arteritis
Authors: THOMAS KRAUSE, HELMUT SCHÜHLEN, PETER VAITH, ERNST MOSER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A case of Takayasu's arteritis is reported. Ventilation-perfusion lung scans and exercise thallium scintigraphy clearly showed pulmonary and coronary arterial involvement, respectively. Clinical examination and angiography revealed no other abnormal vascular findings. This case points out the difficulty in attempting to diagnose Takayasu's disease if only atypical vascular involvement is present.
Intraventricular Hemorrhage Demonstrated on Brain Scan
Authors: MOHAMMED MOINUDDIN, JOHN F. ROCKETT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Nuclear cerebral angiography and brain scintigraphy are commonly used noninvasive procedures for the diagnosis of neck vessel disease and intracranial disorders. Intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage are medical emergencies that require prompt diagnosis and treatment and are associated with high mortality. We describe below a case of massive intraventricular bleeding diagnosed on brain scan and confirmed on autopsy.
Humabase Software for Diabetes Care
Authors: Nancy Green
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Several programs now exist for physicians to enter patient information on an office personal computer. The Humabase Software for Diabetes Care is possibly one of the easiest to install and begin using.  Developed by MedicaLogic, Inc, for Eli Lilly and Company, this patient records software program is designed specifically for tracking diabetic patients. An electronic laboratory flowsheet with a capacity of 40 parameters allows tracking of weight, blood pressure, pulse, home blood glucose readings, insulin doses, and other laboratory and physical parameters. Diabetic diets, home blood glucose monitoring forms for patients, a diabetic previsit checklist, and user-designed educational handouts provide a total program for diabetes care. This program can, however, be adapted for use with all patients and is not limited to diabetic patients.  The software operates on an IBM or IBM-compatible computer with 8-MHz minimum speed and 640-Kb RAM memory. A 40-megabyte hard drive is recommended, allowing about 10
The Practice of Community Mental Health
Authors: H. G. Whittington
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This book is timely and significant. It is a mine of information, experience, theory, and practice which can be worked with profit by the mental health practitioner and general physician alike. While there is some unavoidable variation in clarity and profundity between the chapters, the 55 authors are experienced and articulate community mental health practitioners. Dr. Grunebaum, the editor, declared that, "each author was asked to explain to another clinician what he wished he had been told when he first undertook work in a community health setting, to emphasize information that would be useful and practical, to tell what he had learned along the way, rather than to describe only the goals and theory of this work." The contributors have generally followed this admonition quite successfully. The book is divided into four sections. The first deals with population within the community, describing the service needs of such groups as children,
Tobacco and Alcohol Advertisements in Magazines: Are Young Readers Being Targeted?
Authors: Lorin Sanchez
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anemia of Pregnancy
Authors: V. C. ROWLAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 September 1927Anemia of PregnancyV. C. ROWLAND, M. D.V. C. ROWLAND, M. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-3-129 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1924 the writer reported (A. M. A. J., February 2, 1924) two cases of hemolytic anemia of pregnancy and reviewed the literature up to that date. At that time the condition as a clinical entity was entirely unfamiliar to the obstetricians of Cleveland and no previous case record was found. In the brief period since that time at least four cases have been recognized in Cleveland. These cases and the literature of the last three years are to be considered in the present report.The clinical picture may be recalled as follows: An insidious onset of anemia in the...References 1924 1925 1926(1) SCHNEIDER : Monatschr. f. Geburtsh u Gynäk., 65:321. Google Scholar(2) GALLUPE : Boston Med. & Surg. J., 190:161. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(3) OETTINGEN : Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 48: 1506. Google Scholar(4) BENDA R: Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 48: 1857. Google Scholar(5) BENDA R; Med. Klinik, 20:1165. Google Scholar(6) AUBERTIN : Presse Med., 32:13. Google Scholar(7) SMITH : Surg. Gyn. & Obs., 40:223. Google Scholar(8) CLAUSSER : Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 49:752. Google Scholar(9) HILGENBERG : Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 49:2336. Google Scholar(10) HALIR : Med. Klinik, 21:498. Google Scholar(11) LARRABEE : Am. J. Med. Sc., 170-371. Google Scholar(12) ESCH : Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 50:857. Google Scholar(13) REIST : Zentralbl. f. Gynäk., 50:1496. Google Scholar(14) DREXEL : Med. Klinik, 72:1961. Google Scholar(15) ROWLAND : Journ. Am. Med. Ass., Feb. 2, 1924. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: V. C. ROWLAND, M. D.*Clinic at St. Luke's Hospital for the American College of Physicians, Cleveland, February 21-25, 1927. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byObservations on secondary anemia during pregnancyClinical Consideration of an Anemia of Pregnancy and the Puerperium*C. T. SMITH, M.D., F.A.C.P., W. B. KINLAW, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 September 1927Volume 1, Issue 3Page: 129-132KeywordsAnemiaHemolytic anemiaHospitalsPregnancy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human Death and High Technology: The Failure of the Whole-Brain Formulations
Authors: Stuart J. Youngner, Edward T. Bartlett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Modern technology has raised questions about the definition of death, and various factors that influence public policy about declaring people dead. The widely accepted "whole-brain" definition of death is inadequate and should be replaced by a definition of "irreversible loss of consciousness and cognition." Any definition that identifies the innate ability of the organism to "integrate" itself or function "as a whole" should be rejected. The proponents of such definitions fail to provide a standard for the selection of essential sub-systems. The innate integration of vegetative functions cannot be used as the necessary and sufficient condition for life. A person without innate integration can still be alive; a dead person retaining just this function can survive as a living, mindless organism. Only cognitive functions have a spontaneity that is, in principle, irreplaceable.
Women's Health Initiative Leads Way as Research Begins to Fill Gender Gaps
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ATTEMPTS to redress inattention to women as subjects of medical research are shifting into high gear. The federal government is putting money where its public statements have been, initiating the largest community-based clinical intervention and prevention trial ever conducted. It is called the Women's Health Initiative. The trial is a $500 million, 10-year study of diet, dietary supplements, exercise, hormone therapy, and smoking cessation as prevention for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and osteoporosis in as many as 140 000 postmenopausal women. It will involve five of the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) 12 institutes in Bethesda, Md. <h3>One of Several</h3> Several other federal government initiatives are outlined in this issue by James O. Mason, MD, DrPH, assistant secretary for health in the US Department of Health and Human Services and head of the US Public Health Service. (See page 482.) Other efforts also are under way to identify priorities, tackle tough
Carrier‐bound nonallergenic <scp>D</scp>er p 2 peptides induce <scp>I</scp>g<scp>G</scp> antibodies blocking allergen‐induced basophil activation in allergic patients
Authors: K.‐W. Chen, M. Focke‐Tejkl, K. Blatt, M. Kneidinger, A. Gieras, F. Dall'Antonia, I. Faé, G. Fischer, W. Keller, P. Valent, R. Valenta, S. Vrtala
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background More than 90% of house dust mite‐allergic patients are sensitized to the major D ermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen, D er p 2. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize an allergy vaccine based on carrier‐bound D er p 2 peptides, which should allow reducing I g E ‐ and T ‐cell‐mediated side‐effects during specific immunotherapy ( SIT ). Methods Five D er p 2 peptides ( P 1– P 5) were synthesized and analyzed regarding I g E reactivity and allergenic activity. Lymphoproliferative and cytokine responses induced with D er p 2 and D er p 2 peptides were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from mite‐allergic patients. Der p 2‐specific I g G antibodies induced with carrier‐bound D er p 2 peptides in mice and rabbits were tested for their capacity to inhibit I g E binding and basophil activation in allergic patients. Results Of five overlapping peptides ( P 1– P 5) covering the D er p 2 sequence, two peptides ( P 2 and P 4) were identified, which showed no relevant I g E reactivity, allergenic activity, and induced lower D er p 2‐specific T ‐cell activation than D er p 2. However, when coupled to a carrier, P 2 and P 4 induced D er p 2‐specific I g G antibodies in animals, which inhibited allergic patients' I g E binding to the allergen and allergen‐induced basophil activation similar as antibodies induced with D er p 2. Conclusions Carrier‐bound D er p 2 peptides should allow avoiding I g E ‐mediated side‐effects, and because of their low potential to activate allergen‐specific T cells, they may reduce late‐phase side‐effects during SIT . Further, these peptides may be also useful for prophylactic vaccination.
Decline in antibiotic resistance and changes in the serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with acute otitis media; a 2001–2011 survey by the French Pneumococcal Network
Authors: M. Kempf, E. Varon, A. Lepoutre, A. Gravet, R. Baraduc, M. Brun, H. Chardon, J. Cremniter, J. Croizé, F. Dalmay, M.-C. Demachy, T. Fosse, C. Grelaud, T. Hadou, F. Hamdad, J.-L. Koeck, S. Luce, S. Mermond, I. Patry, A. Péchinot, J. Raymond, A. Ros, C. Segonds, B. Soullié, D. Tandé, M. Vergnaud, V. Vernet-Garnier, F. Wallet, L. Gutmann, M.-C. Ploy, P. Lanotte
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)