tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 196: Targeting breast cancer stem cells with a panel of potential ALDH1A3 inhibitors
Authors: Margaret L. Thomas, Melissa Wallace, Carman Giacomantonio, Paola Marcato
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoform ALDH1A3 is selectively expressed in breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) and is a key mediator in breast cancer progression via initiation of retinoic acid (RA) signaling and expression of RA-inducible genes. Expression of ALDH1A3 and its induced RA-inducible genes are associated with less favorable patient outcomes. This suggests that ALDH1A3 represents a novel anti-breast cancer therapeutic target. To target the specific ALDH1A3 isoform, a panel of general ALDH inhibitors was attained and the compounds’ effectiveness in targeting ALDH1A3 activity was quantified by their ability to decrease expression of the downstream genes retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ) and retinoic acid receptor responder protein 1 (RARRES1). Eleven compounds were tested in total, and the essential oil citral was shown to significantly decrease ALDH1A3-mediated expression of both RA-inducible genes in a dose dependent manner. Citral is already used in cosmetics and food additives and recent work shows that it can induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells making it a promising therapeutic agent and a potential subject of a future xenograft study in mice to determine its effects on CSCs in vivo. Citation Format: Margaret L. Thomas, Melissa Wallace, Carman Giacomantonio, Paola Marcato. Targeting breast cancer stem cells with a panel of potential ALDH1A3 inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 196. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-196
Strongylus Gigas. One More Case.
Authors: Rosa H. Engert
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, March 30, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Anent the report in theJournalof March 26, my own observations may be of interest. In 1854, while Tesiding in St. Louis, early in the spring my husband, then an animated amateur huntsman, complained of sudden darting pains in the region of the kidneys. They would however not persist, but give way to a rather dull ache and come and go. Then at once he became chilled and felt very sick. Our physician pronounced it malaria, contracted on his hunting grounds in the so-called bottoms of Illinois opposite St. Louis. Heand his friends had been in the habit of drinking the water of the brooklets in the bottoms, though "disinfected" by whisky, as they thought. Soon he became delirious, diarrhea and hemorrhage from the bladder set in, and consultation was obtained. The second doctor, an old resident of this country, pronounced it
Reducing the Storm to a Whisper: The Story of a Breakdown
Authors: Lee W. Vliet
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This autobiography of Father Howell's internal turmoil recounts the events of his psychotic episode in the summer of 1975 and his life over a ten-year period surrounding the breakdown from his last year in Rome before his ordination to the end of his Jesuit tertianship. Father Howell has written a gripping, candid, and sensitive story of his breakdown. It is a rare and emotional experience for a reader to share in the depths of an author's fears, doubts, tensions, illusions, and then finally his healing process. Howell vividly describes the healing power of hope and faith and the therapeutic benefits of a healing relationship with his psychiatrist. He reveals that telling this story was part of his own healing process, and he has chosen to record these memories in a psychological rather than a strict chronological order. For the reader, it is an interesting blend of chronology, flashback, and past
Liver Dysfunction and Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase Signalling in Early Sepsis: Experimental Studies in Rodent Models of Peritonitis
Authors: Peter Recknagel, Falk A. Gonnert, Martin Westermann, Sandro Lambeck, Amelie Lupp, Alain Rudiger, Alex Dyson, Jane E. Carré, Andreas Kortgen, Christoph Krafft, Jürgen Popp, Christoph Sponholz, Valentin Fuhrmann, Ingrid Hilger, Ralf A. Claus, Niels C. Riedemann, Reinhard Wetzker, Mervyn Singer, Michael Trauner, Michael Bauer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Experimental studies in a rat model of fecal peritonitis conducted by Michael Bauer and colleagues show that in this model, changes in liver function occur early in the development of sepsis, with potential implications for prognosis and development of new therapeutic approaches.
Ventricular Aneurysm
Authors: DAVID L. ABRAMS, ARYEH EDELIST, MYRON H. LURIA, ALBERT J. MILLER
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Sixty-five consecutive autopsied cases of ventricular aneurysm are reviewed. The incidence of aneurysm following myocardial infarction is similar to that reported in other series. Myocardial infarction preceded the formation of an aneurysm of the ventricle in the vast majority of patients, and a new myocardial infarction was the cause of death of about 50 per cent of them. The survival rate of patients with ventricular aneurysm is not significantly different from the long-term survival of all patients with myocardial infarction found in the same institution. Complications of ventricular aneurysm such as chronic congestive heart failure and rupture of the aneurysm were infrequent causes of death, and systemic embolic phenomena were not observed as a cause of death. In only four patients was the diagnosis made ante mortem. The lack of characteristic clinical, radiologic, and electrocardiographic findings is discussed. It is suggested that the hemodynamic significance of ventricular aneurysms is not ordinarily great, in view of the unaffected statistical prognosis in its presence. The recommended indications for surgery of ventricular aneurysms, based on this retrospective study, are presented.
Unilateral Glaucoma in Carotid Occlusive Disease
Authors: J. Lawton Smith
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE OCCUBBENCE of secondary or hemorrhagic glaucoma following occlusion of the central retinal vein is universally recognized by ophthalmologists. That this syndrome may likewise follow occlusions of the central retinal artery has received much less emphasis. However, the latter phenomenon has been documented in a sufficient number of cases, so that no reasonable doubt of its occurrence now exists. That the fundus picture of central artery occlusion may occur in some cases of internal carotid thrombosis is also well known. In fact, the syndrome of the carotid artery (ipsilateral optic atrophy and contralateral hemiplegia ) was recognized anatomically many years before Fisher demonstrated that its functional equivalent (ipsilateral amaurosis fugax and contralateral liemiparesthesias or weakness) was clinically much more frequently encountered with carotid occlusive disease. The realization that hemorrhagic or secondary glaucoma could develop following ischmic arterial disease led to the detection of unrecognized carotid occlusions in the 2 patients
Green College lectures: 1984. Medicine in the Third World.
Authors: J K Webb
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The Third World, if we include China, has a population of three billion, which is three quarters of the world's population. If we use the Brandt Commission's distinction between north and south, the countries of the south are characterised by their relative economic weakness. They live on one fifth of the world's income and possess less than one tenth of the world's manu? facturing capacity. Their development embraces a very wide range and this diversity applies equally to their medicine and occurs even within individual countries, with the most sophisticated form of medical care operating beside the most primitive. The medicine of centres like the universities of the West Indies and Ibadan or the All India Institute of Medical Sciences is impressive. But such centres stand out because they are not characteristic, and I wish to focus on the character? istic?that is, on the health problems that tend to be common to all Third World countries, and the services relevant to those problems.
Effect of Nonpayment for Hospital-Acquired, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: David B. Edwards, Sharon Panozzo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Letters5 February 2013Effect of Nonpayment for Hospital-Acquired, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract InfectionDavid B. Edwards, MD and Sharon Panozzo, RN, MSDavid B. Edwards, MDFrom Banner Gateway Medical Center, Gilbert, Arizona.Search for more papers by this author and Sharon Panozzo, RN, MSFrom Banner Gateway Medical Center, Gilbert, Arizona.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although we do not take issue with Meddings and colleagues' (1) premise that coding data may not accurately reflect clinical outcomes, we do have an issue with a frequently cited article that is fundamental to the argument that catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are frequently underreported. Klevens and associates' paper (2) cited in Meddings and coworkers' article is widely referenced as being the epidemiologic study showing excessively high CAUTIs and core to the premise that UTIs are underreported.Klevens and colleagues used 2002 data from various sources. To calculate the total number of hospital-acquired UTIs, the National ...References1. Meddings JA, Reichert H, Rogers MA, Saint S, Stephansky J, McMahon LF. Effect of nonpayment for hospital-acquired, catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a statewide analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:305-12. [PMID: 22944872] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CL, Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Pollock DA, et al. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002. Public Health Rep. 2007;122:160-6. [PMID: 17357358] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David B. Edwards, MD; Sharon Panozzo, RN, MSAffiliations: From Banner Gateway Medical Center, Gilbert, Arizona.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffect of Nonpayment for Hospital-Acquired, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Jennifer A. Meddings , Heidi Reichert , Mary A.M. Rogers , Sanjay Saint , Joe Stephansky , and Laurence F. McMahon Jr. Effect of Nonpayment for Hospital-Acquired, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Jennifer A. Meddings and Laurence F. McMahon Jr. Metrics Cited byPreventability of Early Versus Late Hospital ReadmissionsDavid B. Edwards, MD 5 February 2013Volume 158, Issue 3Page: 221-222KeywordsConflicts of interestEpidemiologyHealth careHealth care facilitiesHospitalsInformation storage and retrievalIntensive care unitsNosocomial infectionsSafety ePublished: 5 February 2013 Issue Published: 5 February 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Combined Superior Vena Cava and Pulmonary Artery Obstruction by an Ascending Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: P. A. FARRER, R. KLOIBER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A case report is presented on the use of intravenous radioisotope angiocardiography in the diagnosis of an atherosclerotic aneurysm of the ascending aorta in a 44-year-old man who presented with mild superior vena cava obstruction. In addition to outlining the site and extent of the aneurysm, intravenous Tc-99m-albumin radioisotope angiocardiography and blood pool imaging permitted demonstration of the site of obstruction of the cava, indicated the presence of venous collateral channels bringing about delayed filling of the right heart, and also detected obstruction of the right pulmonary artery by the aneurysm. The procedure is simple, rapid, and entirely noninvasive and permits both anatomic and hemodynamic evaluation of the abnormality.
510 Efficacy of Peg-interferon alpha-2B (Pegintron) monotherapy in acute hepatitis C: A preliminary analysis
Authors: T. Santantonio, E. Sinisi, F. Signorile, A. Guastadisegni, C. Casalino, M. Mazzola, R. Francavilla, G. Pastore
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Severe Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency, Methionine Synthase, and Nitrous Oxide — A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Richard W. Erbe, Robbert J. Salis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In this issue of the Journal, Selzer et al. (pages 45–50) describe the unexpected neurologic deterioration and death of an infant boy who had been anesthetized twice within a short time with the widely used anesthetic nitrous oxide. Postmortem studies of his cultured fibroblasts established a diagnosis of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency, an inherited defect in folate metabolism. The severe form of deficiency seen in this patient occurs only rarely. The authors mention that patients with mild abnormalities of the folate cycle as well as those with severe abnormalities are likely to be exposed to nitrous oxide during their lifetime, . . .
AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF NERVES INFECTED WITH HUMAN POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS
Authors: E. De Robertis, F. O Schmitt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Sciatic nerves of rhesus monkeys infected with CAM and Wis. '45 strains of human poliomyelitis virus were fixed in formalin, sectioned, fragmented, and examined in the electron microscope. Most of the neurotubules of nerves infected with the CAM strain have normal appearance but a very small number show the presence of dense particles irregularly aligned within the edges of the neurotubules. The diameters of the particles range between 160 and 500 A, the mean being 330 A. The particles were found in regions along the nerve which varied with the time after infection, indicating a central movement of the morphological alteration of the order of 2 mm. per hour. Relatively abundant dense particulate material was found in nerves infected with Wis. '45 strain virus and the particles were chiefly attached to the edges of the neurotubules and in the adjacent areas of the field. The dense particles appear to be associated with the virus infection but no further characterization is possible at this time.
Gold levels produced by treatment with auranofin and sodium aurothiomalate.
Authors: D Lewis, H A Capell, C J McNeil, M S Iqbal, D H Brown, W E Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

Sixty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into 3 groups, and treated with either sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin), auranofin, or placebo. Gold levels in whole blood, plasma, and haemolysate were measured serially along with clinical and laboratory parameters of efficacy. Auranofin produced a higher ratio of haemolysate to plasma gold than Myocrisin, and it appears that the affinity of the red cell for gold is reduced during therapy with auranofin. Gold levels did not correlate with changes in the pain score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein, nor with the development of toxicity. In the Myocrisin group the haemolysate gold level achieved was dependent on the number of cigarettes smoked. In the auranofin group there was no such correlation, but the haemolysate gold level was higher for smokers than non-smokers. The likely action of gold is discussed.
An Osteopathy Assertion.
Authors: Jas. G. Kiernan
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, Sept. 4, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The recently-issued circular of the Chicago College of "Osteopathy" contains the assertion that the "orificialist" E. H. Pratt (one of the faculty) is a member of the Chicago Academy of Medicine. He has never been a member nor (as the Chicago Academy of Medicine is affiliated with theAmerican Medical Association) would he be eligible.
Nicotine chewing gum.
Authors: L Johnston
Journal: BMJ (1976)

months three patients with severe hyperthyroidism accompanied by hypercalcaemia.In two of these anorexia and vomiting were conspicuous symptoms.This caused some puzzlement and was responsible for con- siderable delay in diagnosis.Thus in the only two cases I have seen of vomiting with hyperthyroidism hypercalcaemia was present, and I have always assumed since then that this combination should prompt a request for a serum calcium determination.It would be interesting to know if any such determinations were made in the case of the patients described.
Aspects of Insulin Treatment
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

This is the second of a series of articles based on presentations at the American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions held 5–9 June 2009 in New Orleans, Louisiana, pertaining to insulin treatment approaches. At a symposium on aspects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment, Nancy Bohanon (San Francisco, CA) discussed new approaches to make this treatment available for subjects with type 2 diabetes and pointed out that “the pumps work!” She predicted that several of these products might be available within the next year.

### Patch pumps

The Valeritas h-Patch technology has been used to develop a V-Go insulin patch pump (www.valeritas.com) to deliver both basal and bolus insulin, requiring a fixed basal dose, which appears to be preset to rates of 20, 30, and 40 units per 24 h. For bolus delivery, each click delivers 2 units up to a total of 36 units per 24 h. The pump is worn for 24 h, filled with an external device, with the backing removed to adhere to the skin. A button on the pump is pressed to insert a 30G needle. Bolus doses are delivered by pressing a button on one side that releases a bolus delivery deployment button—a safety feature to prevent accidental bolus delivery. After 24 h, a button is pressed to withdraw the needle. The device is purely mechanical, does not require a battery-driven pump or external controller, fits under clothing, and can be operated through clothing. In a user-preference program, patients liked it and considered it to be easy to use, discrete, and comfortable, although the filling mechanism was not considered to be ideal. Common to a number of these devices, although presumably allowing a less complex delivery mechanism, the single preset basal rate is somewhat disadvantageous, as an important benefit of CSII basal rates is the ability to …
Prognostic Value of Coronary Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Julian P.J. Halcox, William H. Schenke, Gloria Zalos, Rita Mincemoyer, Abhiram Prasad, Myron A. Waclawiw, Khaled R.A. Nour, Arshed A. Quyyumi
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Whether patients at increased risk can be identified from a relatively low-risk population by coronary vascular function testing remains unknown. We investigated the relationship between coronary endothelial function and the occurrence of acute unpredictable cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and unstable angina) in patients with and without coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). Methods and Results — We measured the change in coronary vascular resistance (ΔCVR) and epicardial diameter with intracoronary acetylcholine (ACh, 15 μg/min) to test endothelium-dependent function and sodium nitroprusside (20 μg/min) and adenosine (2.2 mg/min) to test endothelium-independent vascular function in 308 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization (132 with and 176 without CAD). Patients underwent clinical follow-up for a mean of 46±3 months. Acute vascular events occurred in 35 patients. After multivariate analysis that included CAD and conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis, ΔCVR with ACh ( P =0.02) and epicardial constriction with ACh ( P =0.003), together with increasing age, CAD, and body mass index, were independent predictors of adverse events. Thus, patients in the tertile with the best microvascular responses with ACh and those with epicardial dilation with ACh had improved survival by Kaplan-Meier analyses in the total population, as did those in the subset without CAD. Similar improvement in survival was also observed when all adverse events, including revascularization, were considered. Endothelium-independent responses were not predictive of outcome. Conclusions — Epicardial and microvascular coronary endothelial dysfunction independently predict acute cardiovascular events in patients with and without CAD, providing both functional and prognostic information that complements angiographic and risk factor assessment.
Warts and wart virus antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: E Johansson, S Pyrhonen, T Rostila
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Warts were found in 25 out of 56 patients with definite or probable systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but in only 19 out of 160 control patients. Warts were particularly prevalent in elderly patients with SLE. The corticosteroid and antimalarial drugs used to treat SLE did not influence the frequency of warts. Wart-virus antibodies were found significantly less often in patients with SLE than in controls: antibodies were detected in 23 out of 51 patients and in 40 out of 54 controls. Ihe findings suggest that some deficiency in the immune mechanisms of patients with SLE predisposes them to develop warts. There was an inverse correlation among the patients with SLE between the occurrence of warts and rheumatoid factor activity. This suggests that rheumatoid factor may interfere with resistance to warts.
The Role of Furosemide in the Treatment of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Associated with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: JOHN KIELY, DAVID T. KELLY, DEAN R. TAYLOR, BERTRAM PITT
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Fifteen patients with acute myocardial infarction and an elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were given 40 mg furosemide intravenously within 24 hr of diagnosis of infarction. We divided the patients into two groups on the basis of the diuretic response to furosemide: nine who responded with a diuresis of greater than 400 ml in two hours, and six with a lower diuresis. The nine patients who responded well had a 35% fall in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, from 21 to 12 mm Hg ( P &lt; 0.01), accompanied by a small but significant decrease in arterial pressure at the end of two hours. There was no apparent increase in left ventricular function in these patients as shown by the relationship of left ventricular filling pressure and stroke work index, but all survived. The nonresponders failed to show significant hemodynamic changes, were significantly older, had a higher serum urea nitrogen (SUN) than the responders and had higher pulmonary capillary wedge pressures. Despite further therapy with much higher doses of furosemide and digitalis, five of the six nonresponders (83%) died. Furosemide is of value in relieving pulmonary congestion in patients with moderate congestive heart failure associated with myocardial infarction. It should be given cautiously, as an initial dose of 40 mg intravenously may cause a large fall in cardiac output and systemic pressure in occasional patients. Furosemide cannot, however, be recommended as the primary therapeutic agent in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction complicating acute myocardial infarction.