tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of infused cell dose and HLA match on engraftment after double-unit cord blood allografts
Authors: Sharon Avery, Weiji Shi, Marissa Lubin, Anne Marie Gonzales, Glenn Heller, Hugo Castro-Malaspina, Sergio Giralt, Nancy A. Kernan, Andromachi Scaradavou, Juliet N. Barker
Journal: Blood (2010)
Mechanism of action of ribavirin in anti-HCV regimens: new insights for an age-old question?
Authors: Barbara Testoni, Massimo Levrero, David Durantel
Journal: Gut (2013)

Since the discovery of its broad antiviral activity back 40 years ago1 and as new therapeutic indications are foreseen against emerging viruses,2 ribavirin (RBV), a synthetic triazole analogue of guanosine, has not yet revealed all the secrets of its mechanism of action. Despite this lack of knowledge, RBV has been a critical component of the standard of care ‘dual’ therapy, that is, α-interferon (IFNα) and then pegylated-IFNα (PEG-IFNα) plus RBV, for the treatment of tens of thousands Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-infected patients worldwide for almost 20 years.3

Several, quite diverse, modes of action have been proposed including: (1) a direct inhibitory effect on viral RNA-dependant RNA-polymerases; (2) lethal mutagenesis of viral nucleic acids; (3) depletion of the cell guanosine triphosphate pool by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; (4) modulation of the Th1/Th2 T lymphocyte balance; (5) impairment of the translation via eIF4E inhibition. None of the proposed mechanisms of action convincingly explains RBV-mediated potentiation of IFN-based therapy in HCV-infected patients and, although they are not mutually exclusive, they are all still a matter of controversy (see ref 4 for review). Whereas RBV used in monotherapy has shown little or no effect on HCV viremia5 or HCV genetic heterogeneity,6 it is worth noting that about 50% …
Bone SPECT Imaging of Vertebral Hemangioma Correlation With MR Imaging and Symptoms
Authors: BOO KYUNG HAN, JIN-SOOK RYU, DAE HYUK MOON, MYUNG JIN SHIN, YOUNG TAE KIM, HEE KYUNG LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

To evaluate the bone SPECT findings of vertebral hemangioma and their relationship to symptoms and MRI findings, the authors reviewed planar and SPECT bone scans and MR images of 15 vertebral hemangioma in 10 patients. All planar bone scan images demonstrated normal findings, except one. SPECT images demonstrated normal findings in 11 vertebral hemangioma less than 3 cm in diameter. Three of four vertebral hemangioma that were 3 cm or larger showed abnormally increased or decreased uptake on SPECT images. There was a disparity between SPECT imaging and MRI.
The Effect of Restricted Intake of Carotene and Vitamin A on Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Richard Hoffmann, Evelyn J. Lorenzen, Arlene S. Garfinkel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

KNOWLEDGE concerning the etiology and pathophysiology of psoriasis vulgaris is limited. Certain characteristics of the disease are generally recognized, however. One of the main physiologic functions of the epidermis is the production of keratin necessary for the protection against and for the repair of injuries to the cutaneous system. In the skin of a psoriatic person the mechanism of keratinization fails whenever increased demands on the protective and reparative processes of the epidermis occur. Instead of completely keratinized cells, defectively cornified — that is, parakeratotic cells — are produced.1 2 3 The extent and degree of the parakeratosis are related to the . . .
Book Review Death and Deliverance: “Euthanasia” in Germany c. 1900–1945 By Michael Burleigh. 370 pp. New York, Cambridge University Press, 1994. $59.95 (cloth); $17.95 (paper). 0-52141613-2 (cloth); 0-521-47769-7 (paper).
Authors: Harry Yeide
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
Induction of apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer by downregulation of MDM2 using pH-responsive PMPC-b-PDPA/siRNA complex nanoparticles
Authors: Haijun Yu, Yonglong Zou, Lei Jiang, Qi Yin, Xinyu He, Lingli Chen, Zhiwen Zhang, Wangwen Gu, Yaping Li
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
THE RÔLE OF THE RETICULO-ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM IN IMMUNITY
Authors: C. W. Jungeblut
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

1. Blockade of the reticulo-endothelial system by means of one intravenous injection of India ink as well as splenectomy did not alter the course of either Pneumococcus Type I infection or tetanus intoxication in mice. 2. The protective action of Antipneumococcus Type I serum against the corresponding infection, as determined by the injection of in vitro prepared mixtures of serum and culture, was definitely lower in mice which had received one blocking injection of India ink shortly before the test. 3. Titration of tetanus toxin and antitoxin in blocked and splenectomized mice gave results identical with those obtained in normal mice, if in vitro prepared and incubated toxin-antitoxin mixtures were injected. The degree of protection, however, conferred by a preceding dose of antitoxin against subsequent intoxication, was markedly lower in blocked mice than in normal control animals, this difference becoming more pronounced with the increase of the time interval.
Book: The Shattered Self: The End of Natural Evolution
Authors: A. Robinson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Pierre Baldi MIT Press, £16.95, pp 245 ISBN 0 262 02502 7 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> The dust jacket of this book shows a pair of adult identical twins curled up together in a ball, representing the single ovum from which they both developed. According to Pierre Baldi, professor of information and computer science and of biological chemistry at the University of California (Irvine), this image delivers a minor shock to our traditional conception of the individual self. But, Baldi argues, if the natural phenomenon of two individuals sharing the same genome challenges our notion of selfhood, then the possibilities opened up by genetic … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Performance on the NBME Part I Examination
Authors: Gang Xu
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Dr Dawson and colleagues<sup>1</sup>draws attention once again to the question of why Asian/Pacific Islander medical students do not perform as well on average as white students on written tests such as Part I of the NBME. We studied this question by tracking the academic and clinical performance of such students in 12 medical school classes and reported similar findings in 1993.<sup>2</sup>Both studies showed that Asian/Pacific Islander medical students had higher means than white students in each of the MCAT subtests with the exception of the MCAT reading score, which was significantly lower than that of white students. However, the Asian/Pacific Islander students performed less well than the white students on the NBME Part I examination. It seems to us that Dawson et al left unanswered several questions that we addressed in the earlier study. We tracked physicians' performance throughout
Limited Surgery and Radiotherapy For Early Breast Cancer
Authors: J. R. Harris, S. Hellman, D. W. Kinne
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1986)

Over the pastfiveyears,therehas been increasing support for the use of conser vative surgery combined with radiotherapy as primary treatment for women with early breast cancer.This support is based on published reports from both retrospective studies,'-5 which have demonstrated that this approach can provide high levels of local tumor control and good cosmeticre sults, and prospective randomized clinical trials,6'7 which have indicated that the out come of this approach is comparable to that obtained with mastectomy.Although there is general agreement regarding the conceptual aspects of this ap proach, there has been little consensus re garding the technical details of the surgery and radiotherapy to be used.Conceptually, the approach involves the use of surgery for resection of the primary tumor in the breast and usually an axillary dissection for the determination of the histologic status of the axillary nodes.Since subclinical de posits of breast cancer are probably left with this form of surgery, radiotherapy is also performed to improve local tumor control.Published reports on the use of conservative surgery and radiotherapy, however, describe widely differing tech niques.Because of the increased use of this approach in the face of uncertainty regard ing the optimal technique of treatment, we believed it would be appropriate to organ ize a workshop on the technique of con servative surgery and radiotherapy for early breast cancer.This workshop included a faculty of 26 experts, and its purpose was
Taurine behaves as an osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Protection by polarized, regulated transport of taurine.
Authors: S Uchida, T Nakanishi, H M Kwon, A S Preston, J S Handler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Using a clonal growth assay, we demonstrated that taurine, a nonperturbing osmolyte accumulated in kidney medulla, brain, and some other tissues of hypertonic experimental animals can function as a nonperturbing osmolyte in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The taurine content of hypertonic MDCK cells is twice that of isotonic MDCK cells (isotonic 160 nmol/mg protein; hypertonic 320 nmol/mg protein). Therefore we studied taurine transport in MDCK cells grown on porous supports and then studied the effect of hypertonicity which is known to elicit increased uptake of some other nonperturbing osmolytes by MDCK cells. Basal uptake exceeded apical uptake, with Km and Vmax of 56 microM and 933 pmol/min.mg protein on the basal surface and 10 microM and 50 pmol/min.mg protein on the apical surface. On both surfaces, virtually all taurine uptake was Na+ and Cl- dependent. 24 h after cells were shifted to hypertonic medium (500 mosmol/kg), taurine uptake doubled on the basolateral surface without change on the apical surface. The response to hypertonicity was the result of an increase in Vmax without change in Km. There was no change in taurine efflux when cells were shifted from isotonic to hypertonic medium. When cells adapted to hypertonic medium were shifted to isotonic medium, a large transient basolateral efflux of taurine occurred within 10 min. We conclude that taurine can function as a nonperturbing osmolyte in MDCK cells and that tonicity-regulated taurine transport is a basolateral function in MDCK cells.
Phase 1 study of twice-weekly ixazomib, an oral proteasome inhibitor, in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Paul G. Richardson, Rachid Baz, Michael Wang, Andrzej J. Jakubowiak, Jacob P. Laubach, R. Donald Harvey, Moshe Talpaz, Deborah Berg, Guohui Liu, Jiang Yu, Neeraj Gupta, Alessandra Di Bacco, Ai-Min Hui, Sagar Lonial
Journal: Blood (2014)
On the Basic Ingredients of Psychotherapy
Authors: Hans H. Strupp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

This article presents a parsimonious statement of essential conditions for psychotherapeutic change: (a) a helping relationship patterned after the parent-child relationship; (b) the creation of a power base from which the therapist influences the client through common psychological techniques, and (c) a client who has the capacity to profit from the experience. It is asserted that the full range of common influencing techniques is inevitably brought to bear on any psychotherapeutic relationship, and this indeed constitutes one of its defining characteristics. These conditions are equally applicable to psychoanalytic psychotherapy and behavior therapy.
Early Morning Reduction in Ischemic Threshold in Patients With Unstable Angina and Significant Coronary Disease
Authors: Jaume Figueras, Rosa Maria Lidón
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The objective of this study was to investigate in patients with unstable angina and significant coronary stenosis (&gt;70%) whether or not the morning peak of myocardial ishemia is associated with a reduction in the ischemic threshold. The morning increased incidence of ischemic episodes in stable angina appears to be attributable to a coincidence of several factors. Patients with unstable angina who remain at bed rest, however, also present a similar morning increased incidence of ischemia, but its mechanisms are not completely understood. Methods and Results The ischemic threshold was assessed by atrial pacing at 7 to 8 am and at 12 to 1 pm in 46 patients. In the 34 with a positive pacing response (ST segment shift &gt;1.0 mm), ischemic threshold was lower at 7 to 8 am than at 12 to 1 pm (131±16 versus 139±15 beats per minute, P &lt;.001), whereas in the remaining 12 patients, the pacing response was negative. Moreover, 4 patients presented ST segment elevation during pacing in the morning but only 1 at noon and at a higher threshold. Baseline heart rate and diastolic blood pressure were higher at noon than in the morning (81±16 versus 76±13 beats per minute, P &lt;.01, and 87±11 versus 82±10 mm Hg, P &lt;.05). Conclusions The morning lowering of ischemic threshold in the absence of increases in baseline blood pressure or heart rate suggests that a reduced coronary vasodilator capacity or an increased coronary tone may favor the increased incidence of ischemic events during this interval.
Effects of Training in Direct Observation of Medical Residents' Clinical Competence
Authors: Eric S. Holmboe, Richard E. Hawkins, Stephen J. Huot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Faculty observation of residents and students performing clinical skills is essential for reliable and valid evaluation of trainees. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a new multifaceted method of faculty development called direct observation of competence training. Design: Controlled trial of faculty from 16 internal medicine residency programs using a cluster randomization design. Setting: Academic medical centers. Participants: 40 internal medicine teaching faculty members: 17 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group. Measurements: Changes in faculty comfort performing direct observation, faculty satisfaction with workshop, and changes in faculty rating behaviors 8 months after completing the training. Intervention: The direct observation of competence workshop combines didactic mini-lectures, interactive small group and videotape evaluation exercises, and evaluation skill practice with standardized residents and patients. Results: 37 faculty members (16 in the intervention group and 21 in the control group) completed the study. Most of the faculty in the intervention group (14 [88%]) reported that they felt significantly more comfortable performing direct observation compared with control group faculty (4 [19%]) (P = 0.04), and all intervention faculty rated the training as outstanding. For 9 videotaped clinical encounters, intervention group faculty were more stringent than controls in their evaluations of medical interviewing, physical examination, and counseling; differences in ratings for medical interviewing and physical examination remained statistically significant even after adjustment for baseline rating behavior. Limitations: The study involved a limited number of residency programs, and faculty did not rate the performance of actual residents. Conclusion: Direct observation of competence training, a new multifaceted approach to faculty development, leads to meaningful changes in rating behaviors and in faculty comfort with evaluation of clinical skills.
Relationships between rheumatoid cells in culture.
Authors: D G Palmer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Rheumatoid synovial fluid macrophages are compatible with synovial membrane fibroblasts in mixed cell culture. They do not appear to have had any immunological experience recognized by homologous rheumatoid blood lymphocytes. The fusion between macrophages which often takes place in cultures of rheumatoid synovial fluid cells seems to be the result of a cell membrane change between contiguous cells rather than to the release of of a 9fusion factor9. Other combinations and manipulations of the rheumatoid cell population may yet prove fruitful in the search for cell-associated phenomena important in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid disease.
Functional CD86 (B7-2/B70) is predominantly expressed on Langerhans cells in atopic dermatitis
Authors: O. OHKI, H. YOKOZEKI, I. KATAYAMA, T. UMEDA, M. AZUMA, K. OKUMURA, K. NISHIOKA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Functional CD86 (B7‐2/B70) is predominantly expressed on Langerhans cells in atopic dermatitis Get access O. OHKI, O. OHKI Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, 5–45, Yushima 1‐chome, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. YOKOZEKI, H. YOKOZEKI Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, 5–45, Yushima 1‐chome, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. KATAYAMA, I. KATAYAMA Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, 5–45, Yushima 1‐chome, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. UMEDA, T. UMEDA Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, 5–45, Yushima 1‐chome, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. AZUMA, M. AZUMA Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. OKUMURA, K. OKUMURA Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. NISHIOKA K. NISHIOKA Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University School of Medicine, 5–45, Yushima 1‐chome, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 6, 1 June 1997, Pages 838–845, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.01836.x Published: 01 June 1997 Article history Accepted: 17 January 1997 Published: 01 June 1997
858-3 Subcutaneous treprostinil therapy evokes both survival benefit and continuous dose-dependent efficacy improvements in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: A long-term European multicentre analysis of 112 patients
Authors: Irene Lang, Miguel Gomez-Sanchez, Meinhard Kneussl, Pilar Escribano, Robert Naejie, Jean-Luc Vachiery
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Muslim chaplain speaks out over Guantanamo hunger strike
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Muslim prisoners at the US base at Guantanamo Bay are on a hunger strike and some are being force fed, James Yusuf Yee, a Muslim chaplain and US Army officer who served at Guantanamo Bay for 10 months, told a meeting in New York last week.

Captain Yee's assignment at Guantanamo Bay ended in September 2003. He was then arrested and charged with espionage and crimes carrying a death penalty, but he was later cleared. He resigned from the army in January 2005.

Last week, Captain Yee told a crowded meeting sponsored by the Center for Constitutional Rights at New York University Law School that prisoners at …
Abstract 4063: Histone methyltransferase G9a promotes the oral cancer cells recovery from drug-induced DNA damage.
Authors: Chia-Wen Liu, Shih-Ting Cha, Ching-Ting Tan, Min-Liang Kuo
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Oral cancer is one of the serious life-threatening diseases in the world. In addition to surgery, the conventional treatment for oral cancer includes radiation and anti-cancer drugs, which usually act by induction of DNA damage. However, approximately one-third of treated patients will experience local or regional recurrence. G9a is a histone methyltransferase responsible for mono- or dimethylation of lysine 9 in histone H3. Our recent work has demonstrated that G9a level is highly correlated with aggressiveness and poor prognosis of lung, ovarian and colon cancer patients in Taiwanese population. Here, we report that knockdown of G9a resulted in decrease cell survival and cologenic capacity following DNA damage induced independently by etoposide and ionizing radiation. Depletion of G9a caused sustained phosphorylation of γ-H2AX after etoposide treatment. Together, our data suggest that a novel function of G9a may increase the DNA repair efficiency and promote the oral cancer cells recovery and survival from the DNA damage agents. We suggest that G9a may contribute to oral cancer proliferation by improvement of homologous recombination repair of DNA double break. Our study paves the way for exploring the blockade of G9a overexpression as a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of oral cancer. Citation Format: Chia-Wen Liu, Shih-Ting Cha, Ching-Ting Tan, Min-Liang Kuo. Histone methyltransferase G9a promotes the oral cancer cells recovery from drug-induced DNA damage. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4063. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4063
Genetic heterogeneity of the vasculogenic phenotype parallels angiogenesis
Authors: Yuval Shaked, Francesco Bertolini, Shan Man, Michael S. Rogers, Dave Cervi, Thomas Foutz, Kimberley Rawn, Daniel Voskas, Daniel J. Dumont, Yaacov Ben-David, Jack Lawler, Jack Henkin, Jim Huber, Daniel J. Hicklin, Robert J. D'Amato, Robert S. Kerbel
Journal: Cancer Cell (2005)
Protriptyline in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Laurence G. Brownell, Peter West, Paul Sweatman, John C. Acres, Meir H. Kryger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We evaluated protriptyline, a nonsedating tricyclic antidepressant, as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in a double-blind crossover study of five men. After two weeks of treatment, with no change in body weight, daytime somnolence was markedly reduced and nocturnal oxygenation was improved, although apnea duration and frequency were not significantly decreased. Rapid-eye-movement (REM) stage time as a fraction of the total sleep time was reduced during treatment from 0.231 ±0.031 to 0.107±0.013 (mean±S.E.M.)(P<0.05). REM apnea time as a fraction of total sleep time was reduced from 0.145±0.022 to 0.054±0.006 (P<0.05). REM reduction during treatment with protriptyline can account for decreased REM apnea time. Similar decreases in REM stage time and REM apnea duration and similar improvement in oxygenation continued after six months of treatment. In addition, body weight, apnea, and arousal frequency were decreased at this time. Although the obstructive sleep apnea was not resolved, it was reduced. Protriptyline can be effective in patients with sleep apnea when the disorder is not life-threatening. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307: 1037–42.)
Please don't touch me there: the ethics of intimate examinations: Informed consent failed to protect me
Authors: M. Selby
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—My personal experience of intimate examination dates back 23 years and illustrates how even explicit informed consent can fail to protect a patient.1

I was 20, a first year preclinical student, awaiting surgery for a large hiatus hernia, which had been causing supraventricular tachycardia. I was admitted to Adden-brooke's Hospital two …