tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Performance of Medical Students With Protected Disabilities
Authors: Arianne Teherani, Maxine A. Papadakis
Journal: JAMA (2013)

In terms of limitations, our results cannot be generalized beyond the 2 conferences included.Given the word constraints of abstracts, potential misclassification of studies may have occurred and other important predictors (eg, education level) may have been missed.Additionally, author degrees were not available for CCME and therefore could not be included in multivariable analysis.To move the field forward, it is important to develop a robust literature to document emerging innovations and elevate the relevance and value of educational scholarship.Future research is planned to determine barriers to publication to help mitigate them.
Why clinicians are natural bayesians: Is there a bayesian doctor in the house?
Authors: Roger N Chitty
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Right to die" Legal view of right to life and death could threaten philosophy of palliative careEditor-Grayling claims that the "right to life" means quite a rich life; withholding treatment with death as the result and giving treatment that causes death are indistinguishable; and death is the ultimate analgesic. 1 Grayling also implies that the double effect is widely abused.The EC Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms protects against intentional deprivation of life. 2 Quality of life is not mentioned, and terminating a life at a person's request is clearly not permitted."Right to life" is perhaps a "right not to be killed," in medicine, generally relating to survival and not assisted death.However, some interpret it as giving patients a right to cardiopulmonary resuscitation regardless of the clinical circumstances 3 ; extrapolation to all potential interventions at the life-death interface could have disastrous consequences for the medical profession.Patients obviously can wish for their life to be terminated without needing to explain why, and they arguably have a right to attempt suicide.However, a right to assisted dying equates to a right that somebody else will kill or help to kill them on request-very different from withholding treatment or the double effect.Withholding treatment relates to interventions unable to produce the desired benefit. 4 In palliative care withholding treatment does not directly cause death that arises from an irreversible and unsustainable pathological burden.And death without adequate analgesia is possibly the ultimate pain for everyone.Judicious use of analgesia is an essential part of good terminal care, and, in 15 years as a doctor, I have yet to see a death attributable to deliberate analgesic overdose by a doctor.Palliative care affirms life until the moment of death, regarding death from advanced incurable disease as a natural process. 5 It aims to relieve pain and other distressing symptoms, enhance remaining quality of life, and neither hasten nor postpone death.These human "death rights" should perhaps be protected by legislation.Ill-conceived legislative changes that take the right to life or the right to death beyond sensible limits or give certain doctors the right to kill on request could jeopardise palliative care.
The Three-Layered Cake — A Plan for Physician Compensation
Authors: Sidney S. Lee, Lawrence M. Butler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

With some form of national health insurance presumably in the offing in the United States and already in existence in Canada,1 how the health professions in North America are paid for their services is a matter of topical concern. In this paper we present an approach designed to be responsive to the interests of the profession, of society and of the paying agency.2 Interests of the Medical ProfessionWithout attempting to assign priorities, we think that any list of interests should include: an income that in absolute amount is commensurate with the physician's training and with his professional contribution to . . .
Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms
Authors: Jackson A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  The study by Golbert et al ( 201 :99, 1967) was surely well done. However, their finding that alcohol was ineffective in relieving the symptoms of alcohol  was interesting and somewhat contradictory to the title of the paper.  The theory of a delirium of abstinence or that the toxic state which results from a prolonged excessive intake of alcohol is caused by a lack of whiskey is periodically offered as an answer. Most alcoholics subscribe readily to this conclusion. But Piker's excellent work in the 1930's seemed to justify the conclusion that alcohol has contributed to the demise of many but its lack never harmed anyone. In fact, many of the so-called withdrawal symptoms, particularly the tremulous states, are seen in the morning among participants at some of the better scientific meetings and among one's neighbors on New Year's Day.
Recent Patterns of Medication Use in the Ambulatory Adult Population of the United States
Authors: David W. Kaufman, Judith P. Kelly, Lynn Rosenberg, Theresa E. Anderson, Allen A. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (2002)

LARGE NUMBER AND WIDE][3] New prescription drugs are continually introduced, and older drugs are increasingly available over the counter (OTC), making self-medication commonplace.Adverse reactions to drugs are among the leading causes of hospitalization and death in this country. 4,5At the same time, there has been a considerable increase in the use of herbal products and other natural supplements 6,7 (henceforth referred to as "herbals/supplements"), which by law are not subject to FDA regulation.Although these products may be taken concurrently with regulated medications, health care professionals are often not informed of such use by their patients. 7Evidence is growing that many herbals/supplements have pharmacologic activity that can lead to clinically serious adverse interactions when they are taken together with regulated drugs, 8 but there is little information available to estimate the potential magnitude of this problem.More generally, despite the substantial commitment of resources from government, industry, and others to evaluate drug effects, no ongoing information exists on the degree to which the US population is using the broad range of medications, including prescription and OTC drugs, vitamins/minerals, and herbals/supplements.To help meet this need, the Slone Epidemiology Unit of Boston University is conducting an ongoing telephone survey of a random sample of the noninstitutionalized continental US population.In this first report, we focus on general patterns of medication use in the ambulatory US adult population in 1998 and 1999.
Trends in immune activation, maturation, and co-stimulatory markers in a group of children with stable HIV infection before and after HAART: Preliminary analysis of the PACTG 377 protocol
Authors: HM Rosenblatt, Lin-Ye Song, Ken Stanley, Andrew Wiznia, George Johnson, Paul Krogstad, Anita Ballow, Sharon Applebaum Nachman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Receptor-mediated endocytosis of albumin by kidney proximal tubule cells is regulated by phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase.
Authors: N J Brunskill, J Stuart, A B Tobin, J Walls, S Nahorski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Receptor-mediated endocytosis of albumin is an important function of the kidney proximal tubule epithelium. We have measured endocytosis of [125I]-albumin in opossum kidney cells and examined the regulation of this process by phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase). Albumin endocytosis was inhibited by both wortmannin (IC50 6.9 nM) and LY294002 (IC50 6.5 microM) at concentrations that suggested the involvement of PI 3-kinase in its regulation. Recycling rates were unaffected. We transfected OK cells with either a wild-type p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase, or a dominant negative form of the p85 subunit (Deltap85) using the LacSwitch expression system. Transfects were screened by immunoblotting with anti-PI 3-kinase antibodies. Under basal conditions, transfects demonstrated no expression of p85 or Deltap85, but expression was briskly induced by treatment of the cells with IPTG (EC50 13.7 microM). Inhibition of PI 3-kinase activity by Deltap85 was confirmed by in vitro kinase assay of anti-phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates from transfected cells stimulated with insulin. Expression of Deltap85 resulted in marked inhibition of albumin endocytosis, predominantly as a result of reduction of the Vmax of the transport process. Expression of p85 had no significant effect on albumin uptake. The results demonstrate that PI 3-kinase regulates an early step in the receptor-mediated endocytosis of albumin by kidney proximal tubular cells.
Diseases of the Nose and Its Accessory Sinuses.
Authors: Harry Lambert Lack
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Four-Legged Stool
Authors: Stanley Reichman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Seven prerequisites are suggested for successful community involvement in health care programs at community hospitals. Initially, there should be a communicated understanding that willingness to change exists. Second, an actual demonstrated change should begin. Third, a mechanism for community participation in this change should be developed. Fourth, an organized formal department with stated objectives and authority should be formed. Next, the hospital services must recognize principles of an interrelating partnership with this new department. Sixth, provision for educational and research activities must be defined. Experiences with these principles in the organization and formation of a department of community medicine are described resulting in the final requirement of a partnership of professional staff, the institution, and the community.
The Pizza Parade
Authors: Robert C. Noble
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Ad Libitum1 February 1990The Pizza ParadeRobert C. Noble, MDRobert C. Noble, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-3-237_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt's a quarter to noon. In the lobby of the University Medical Center, patients sit huddled in small groups waiting for their rides home. The automatic doors open and four drug salesmen file in. Three are carrying stacks of cardboard boxes containing pizzas, holding the boxes away from themselves so as not to soil their suits with grease. The fourth salesman is pushing a luggage carrier on which are stacked white boxes filled with sandwiches, pickles, and salad. Two jumbo bottles of Sprite and Pepsi are strapped to the top of the load.The odor of the pizzas fills the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byConflicts of Interest, Conflicting Interests, and Interesting Conflicts, Part 3The HEC and conflicts of interest in the health care environmentPhysicians and the Pharmaceutical IndustryMarvin Goldstein, MD 1 February 1990Volume 112, Issue 3Page: 237-237KeywordsDrugs ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1990 Copyright & Permissions© 1990 American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Allogeneic effector/memory Th-1 cells impair FoxP3+ regulatory T lymphocytes and synergize with chaperone-rich cell lysate vaccine to treat leukemia
Authors: Nona Janikashvili, Collin J. LaCasse, Claire Larmonier, Malika Trad, Amanda Herrell, Sara Bustamante, Bernard Bonnotte, Michael Har-Noy, Nicolas Larmonier, Emmanuel Katsanis
Journal: Blood (2010)
The Alleged Castration of Squirrels.
Authors: M. C. Read
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Hudson, Ohio, Feb. 8, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a recentJournalDr. Taylor has a communication with this heading "Do adult squirrels castrate each other?" A better heading would be "Do any squirrels castrate each other?" In Vol. iii, page 646 of Owen's "Anatomy of Vertebrates" you will find a description of the male organs of the rodentia. Among other things he says: "The testes undergo a periodical increase of size and<i>change of position</i>, passing from the abdomen into a sessile scrotum and being again retracted, after the rut, within the abdomen." This change of position involving the disappearance of these glands, which are very conspicuous during the rutting season, has given origin to the belief that the males were often castrated. The Doctor notes a very significant fact that this supposed castration by another squirrel leaves no visible scar. If a surgeon will perform the operation with
Effects of Sustained-Release Moxonidine, an Imidazoline Agonist, on Plasma Norepinephrine in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Karl Swedberg, Michael R. Bristow, Jay N. Cohn, Henry Dargie, Matthias Straub, Curtis Wiltse, Theressa J. Wright
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — In chronic heart failure, sympathetic activation is increased. Moxonidine acts on central nervous system receptors to decrease sympathetic activation. We investigated the dose-response relationship of a new sustained-release (SR) preparation of moxonidine and the plasma concentration of norepinephrine in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods and Results — A total of 268 patients with chronic heart failure in NYHA functional class II to IV on optimal standard therapy were randomized to placebo or 1 of 5 doses of moxonidine SR: 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 mg BID. After a dose-titration phase (7 weeks), patients were followed up for another 12 weeks at their maximally tolerated dose. Blood samples for plasma norepinephrine were collected at baseline and weekly during the initial 7 weeks, at week 19, and at the end of the study. At baseline and 7 and 19 weeks, sampling was also done 4 hours after the dose. After the active phases of the study, plasma norepinephrine was evaluated for an additional 3 days. A marked, statistically significant dose-related decrease in plasma norepinephrine was observed for predose levels as well as 4 hours after the dose at week 19. At the highest dose (1.5 mg BID), the trough reduction in norepinephrine was 52%. These reductions were accompanied by a modest decrease in heart rate, a modest increase in left ventricular ejection fraction, and a dose-related increase in adverse events. Conclusions — Plasma norepinephrine was markedly reduced in a dose-related manner by moxonidine SR. This reduction was accompanied by evidence of reverse remodeling, but also by an increase in adverse events.
Role of pituitary hormones in regulating renal vitamin D metabolism in man.
Authors: D J Brown, E Spanos, I MacIntyre
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Studies in animals and tissue culture have shown the importance of prolactin and growth hormone in regulating renal 1 alpha-hydroxylase activity and plasma concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3). Evidence for a similar role for these hormones in man was sought by using a radioreceptor assay to measure plasma 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations in 20 normal subjects, 12 patients receiving dialysis, 11 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, 10 pregnant women, seven women with prolactinoma, and 14 patients with acromegaly. Circulating 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were appreciably raised in the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and the pregnant women (P less than 0.001), slightly but significantly increased in the patients with prolactinoma (P less than 0.05), and greatly raised in those with acromegaly (P less than 0.001). These results suggest that prolactin and growth hormone are important regulators of renal vitamin D metabolism in the physiological conditions of pregnancy, lactation, and growth in man.
Profiling of CSF: Small Subgroups
Authors: Dave Hambridge
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Joal HillI read with interest the debate about for-profi t versus non-profi t institutional review boards (IRBs) [1], but was disappointed that no one addressed the ability (or inability) of for-profi t IRBs to review studies with the local context of research subjects in mind and then monitor what actually occurs during the consent process throughout the research trial.To my mind the "bigness" of for-profi t IRBs may be more of an impediment in protecting research subjects than their inherent confl ict of interest.Our IRB has reviewed consent forms approved by central/for-profi t IRBs that contained obvious errors such as schemas that did not match protocol narrative and use of eight point font in a study of geriatric subjects.Even when the initial review is outstanding, it seems a practical impossibility for a single IRB to provide meaningful monitoring of the actual consent process and implementation of the protocol at sites throughout the country.The greater "effi ciency" of for-profi t IRBs is only a meaningful benefi t if increased speed can be shown not to occur at the expense of careful review of consent forms, real understanding of the local research context, and a commitment to audit the informed consent process throughout the study for the protection of research subjects, including ongoing education and advice for researchers and their teams.This is not to say that all local IRBs perform this function as they should, but it does seem almost impossible for one IRB to perform local review and oversight for research sites around the nation in a way that really makes a difference for the men, women, and children who give of their time and their bodies so that society can benefi t.
Introducing <i>Theranostics</i> Journal - From the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Xiaoyuan (Shawn) Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2011)

Theranostics is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes innovative and original research papers reflecting the field of molecular imaging, molecular therapeutics, multifunctional nanoparticle platforms, image-guided therapy, and translational nanomedicine. A broad spectrum of biomedical research that can be applied to future theranostic applications is encouraged.
The therapeutic promise of the cancer stem cell concept
Authors: Natasha Y. Frank, Tobias Schatton, Markus H. Frank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that selectively possess tumor initiation and self-renewal capacity and the ability to give rise to bulk populations of nontumorigenic cancer cell progeny through differentiation. As we discuss here, they have been prospectively identified in several human malignancies, and their relative abundance in clinical cancer specimens has been correlated with malignant disease progression in human patients. Furthermore, recent findings suggest that clinical cancer progression driven by CSCs may contribute to the failure of existing therapies to consistently eradicate malignant tumors. Therefore, CSC-directed therapeutic approaches might represent translationally relevant strategies to improve clinical cancer therapy, in particular for those malignancies that are currently refractory to conventional anticancer agents directed predominantly at tumor bulk populations.
United Kingdom back pain exercise and manipulation (UK BEAM) trial
Authors: Martin Underwood
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Developing primary palliative care Continuity of care is paramount but needs to be tailored individuallyEditor-Riley suggests that completion of a form detailing palliative care management should be mandatory for general practitioners. 1 I have spent a great deal of time promoting palliative medicine in primary care, with variable success.Much depends on the individual practitioner's experience and interest, which probably accounts for the variable success of handover forms to communicate with out of hours services.Making this a compulsory part of general practice might bring all practice to the same level.But the initial answer to the question, "Would I be surprised if my patient died in the next 12 months?"would then make the difference.Cynical practitioners would probably answer no for nearly all of their patients, for the longer you practise the less often you are surprised.But, in truth, for many patients in general practice the answer to this question would be no: many elderly patients who live in nursing or residential homes, nearly all patients with chronic disease, including heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neurological disease, and so on.The workload in handing these patients over to the out of hours service would be huge, more so for the out of hours service than the individual practice.Continuity of care for patients who most need it is paramount, including all those with chronic disease.However, more sophisticated systems are needed to meet patient needs: perhaps different systems for different diseases, possibly different systems for each stage of a disease.Whatever the system, it must meet the needs of the individual patient.This entails dialogue between primary care (including out of hours), secondary care, and tertiary care to thrash out the detail.
THE TUBULAR FACTOR IN RENAL HEMOGLOBIN EXCRETION
Authors: Charles L. Yuile, John F. Steinman, P. F. Hahn, William F. Clark
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1941)

A drop has been observed in the renal threshold for hemoglobin in dogs, of over 60 per cent, following repeated injections daily. It was not associated with a cessation of tubular reabsorption. Hemoglobin excretion rate curves, obtained initially and after lowering the threshold, have proved to be parallel lines originating at the respective levels. Hemoglobin containing radio-active iron has been used to determine the amount of iron retained by the kidneys 24 hours after injection. The kidneys of normal animals retain slightly less iron than those of animals with lowered thresholds, despite the fact that the former group has a much higher estimated rate of tubular reabsorption. It is suggested that hemoglobin products are more rapidly removed from the kidneys of normal animals, following reabsorption, than from those of animals which have received multiple injections of hemoglobin.