tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PLASMA PROTEIN FRACTIONS, ANTIBODY TITERS, AND THE PASSIVE TRANSFER OF DELAYED AND IMMEDIATE CUTANEOUS REACTIVITY TO TUBERCULIN PPD AND TUBERCULOPOLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: Leon R. Cole, Cutting B. Favour
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

GUINEA PIGS SENSITIZED WITH TUBERCLE BACILLI DEMONSTRATE A DUAL ALLERGIC RESPONSE MEDIATED BY TWO CHEMICALLY DISTINCT PLASMA FRACTIONS: 1. Antibody to tuberculopolysaccharide is located exclusively in fraction II (gamma globulin). This fraction will passively transfer systemic anaphylaxis and urticarial type skin reactivity to tuberculopolysaccharide, and contains the Middlebrook-Dubos antibody. 2. Antibody to tuberculoprotein is contained exclusively in a new plasma fraction called fraction IV-10. By Cohn's Method X, fraction IV-10 is a part of fraction IV (alpha globulin) and to a lesser extent V (albumin). This fraction will passively transfer to normal guinea pigs a delayed type skin sensitivity to tuberculin PPD which is maximal between 18 and 30 hours, and it contains the Boyden antibody. When fractions II and IV-10 are combined, the antibody to tuberculopolysaccharide inhibits the passive transfer of delayed type reactivity. Combination of these two fractions does not alter their separate in vitro hemagglutinating properties. Adsorption of IV-10 with Boyden sensitized cells removes its ability to transfer delayed type tuberculin sensitivity. Adsorption of II with Middlebrook-Dubos-sensitized cells removes its capacity to effect passive transfer of immediate type reactivity to tuberculopolysaccharides.
Venous leg ulcers.
Authors: N M Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

ance of immunological tolerance to these natural compounds.'Under conditions of autoimmunity, such as experimentally induced immune mediated demyelination of the peripheral nerves, injections of pure gangliosides do not result in the induction of antibodies to gangliosides and do not worsen the course of the disease.7A neurological syndrome induced in rabbits by injecting gangliosides derived from brain reported by Nagai et at could not be reproduced and could be explained as resulting from contamination of the ganglioside preparation by myelin proteins.Antibodies reactive with gangliosides recognise the carbohydrate portion of the molecule.These carbohydrate epitopes are not uniquely expressed on gangliosides but are also present on glyco- proteins and bacterial cell walls.9Controlled studies in humans have proved that the prolonged administration of Gmi in healthy individuals as well as in patients with neurological diseases does not modify the pattern of antibody crossreactivity to glycoconjugates.'°In conclusion, all available data are consistent with the lack of immunogenicity of brain-derived gangliosides if purity is guaranteed.Thus, their use for therapeutic purpose should not be restricted by the present immunological knowledge.
Points: Chlormethiazole and alcohol: a lethal cocktail
Authors: G K Shaw
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Professor D C Carter (7 March, p 593) com- ments on the treatment of hepatic metastases by surgical debulking, but the value of hepatic arterial embolisation is not mentioned.'2In our experience, when vascular endocrine metastases are detected in the liver, providing that the intrahepatic portal veins are patent, hepatic arterial embolisation can provide
Psoriasis consultation audit: a two-centre study
Authors: D. SHUTTLEWORTH, A.Y. FINLAY, M. RADEMAKER, C.D. SHAW, N.B. SIMPSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Psoriasis consultation audit: a two‐centre study Get access D. SHUTTLEWORTH, D. SHUTTLEWORTH Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. Dr D.Shuttleworth, Department of Dermatology, Essex County Hospital, Lexden Road, Colchester CO33NB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.Y. FINLAY, A.Y. FINLAY Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. RADEMAKER, M. RADEMAKER Department of Dermatology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.D. SHAW, C.D. SHAW The King's Fund Centre, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.B. SIMPSON N.B. SIMPSON Department of Dermatology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 1, 1 July 1990, Pages 99–105, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01829.x Published: 01 July 1990
Subtle and atypical cobalamin deficiency states
Authors: Ralph Carmel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract Evidence for cobalamin (vitamin B 12 ) deficiency usually involves some combination of low serum cobalamin levels, clinical abnormalities (classically, megaloblastic anemia and neurologic defects), metabolic abnormalities, and response to therapy. However, cobalamin deficiency may often display few of the expected clinical findings. Identification of the underlying cause is also important in the diagnosis of deficiency, and its value may be particularly great when the expression of deficiency is subtle. The cause of cobalamin deficiency is usually malabsorptive, but may sometimes be limited to malabsorption of food cobalamin while free cobalamin is absorbed normally. Nongastroenterologic entities may sometimes also be found. All of these considerations allow the proposal of four patterns of cobalamin deficiency. The first type is classical deficiency; typical megaloblastic anemia with or without neurologic dysfunction occurs because of classical cobalamin malabsorption such as lack of intrinsic factor (pernicious anemia). The second type consists of classical cobalamin malabsorption in which the cobalamin deficiency is expressed subtly rather than in classical fashion. There is no megaloblastic anemia and sometimes the only evidence of deficiency may be metabolic. In the third type, cobalamin deficiency is expressed classically but is attributable to a subtle or atypical cause, such as food‐cobalamin malabsorption. In the fourth type, deficiency is both expressed subtly and arises from subtle or atypical causes. Such presentations require further investigation but are a challenging expansion of our understanding and recognition of cobalamin deficiency.
Lupuslike Reaction Associated With Minocycline
Authors: Sarah J. Singer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Minocycline hydrochloride is a semisynthetic derivative of tetracyline. Although approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of infections caused by a variety of microorganisms,<sup>1</sup>recent data indicate that from 1990 through July 1996, approximately 65% of oral minocycline use in the United States was for treatment of acne.<sup>2</sup> In a recent article, Gough and colleagues<sup>3</sup>described cases of autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or both associated with the use of minocycline in the United Kingdom. Lupuslike symptoms and autoimmune hepatitis in association with minocycline use in US patients have not been described in the literature. However, US product labeling for minocycline lists "hepatitis," "exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus," and "[a] transient lupus-like syndrome" as possible adverse reactions.<sup>1</sup> From 1972 through February 1996, the FDA's MEDWatch Reporting Program had received only 1 report of a case resembling the autoimmune
Acute Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion After Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Manuel López-Pérez, Alberto Bouzas-Mosquera, Ramón Fábregas-Casal, Nemesio Álvarez-García, Eduardo Barge-Caballero, Jorge Salgado-Fernández, Nicolás Vázquez-González, Alfonso Castro-Beiras
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract LB-279: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and risk of lethal renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Mark A. Preston, Jed-sian Cheng, Glen Barrisford, Alex Sanchez, Adam S. Feldman, Dayron Rodriguez, Toni K. Choueiri, Meir Stampfer, Walter C. Willett, Eunyoung Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use may increase risk of renal cell cancer (RCC), but the relationship to the lethal form of RCC remains unknown. Methods: We examined the relationship between NSAID use and RCC risk in two large prospective cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Use of aspirin and other NSAIDs was ascertained in 1990 in the Nurses’ Health Study and in 1986 in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and every 2 years thereafter. We evaluated baseline use and duration of NSAID use. We defined the lethal form of RCC as RCC that resulted in death due to the disease. Results: During follow-up of 18 years among 77,524 women and 20 years among 49,403 men, we documented 364 cases of RCC, of which 102 were fatal. Regular use of non-aspirin NSAIDs was associated with an increased overall RCC risk; there was a dose-response relationship between duration of non-aspirin NSAID use and RCC risk; compared with non-regular use, the pooled multivariable relative risks (RRs) were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.58-1.06) for use of less than 4 years, 1.29 (95% CI, 0.95-1.74)) for 4 to less than 10 years, and 2.21 (95% CI 1.39-3.49) for use for 10 or more years (P for trend, 0.0006). Furthermore, non-aspirin NSAID users of 4-10 years (pooled multivariable RR 3.13, 95% CI 1.70-5.77) and more than 10 years (pooled multivariable RR 7.23, 95% CI 2.51-20.83) had a significantly increased risk of lethal RCC. Aspirin use was not associated with increased risk of overall (pooled multivariable RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.84-1.34) or lethal RCC (pooled multivariable RR 1.59, 95% CI 0.85-2.96). Conclusion: Our prospective data suggest that non-aspirin NSAID use is associated with an increased incidence of RCC, especially the lethal form of RCC. Citation Format: Mark A. Preston, Jed-sian Cheng, Glen Barrisford, Alex Sanchez, Adam S. Feldman, Dayron Rodriguez, Toni K. Choueiri, Meir Stampfer, Walter C. Willett, Eunyoung Cho. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and risk of lethal renal cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-279. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-279
LMP2 polymorphisms and spondyloarthropathies
Authors: W. P MAKSYMOWYCH;, T HOHLER
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Staphylococcal septic arthritis in rabbitsThe article by Wysenbeek et al 1 provides intriguing insights to the 15 day rabbit Staphylococcus epidermidis infectious arthritis model.However, challenge must be made to their conclusion that injection of corticosteroids into the infected joint seems to be harmless, in the setting of infectious arthritis.Several issues render this model unacceptable for establishing safety of intra-articular corticosteroids in the setting of infectious arthritis.Staphylococcus epidermidis has low infectivity and pathogenicity compared with most articular pathogens. [2]3][4] If you were to consider use of intra-articular corticosteroids as rendering the patient equivalent to the immunosuppressed patient, reduction of synovitis and proteoglycan depletion might be of interest.Of course, use of corticosteroids might change the use of the injected joint, assessment of which probably would require additional controls.The real question seems to be what happens to the joint after antibiotic (and intra-articular corticosteroid) treatment.Analysis two weeks, two months, and six months post-treatment would seem important to identify clinically important eVects of intra-articular corticosteroids.One technical question seems appropriate.How were the section sites selected?The blinding does not seem to have taken place until after the slides were prepared.More detail on the selection process might provide insights as to whether "prime sites" were selected or if the same exact cuts were made in all knees.The study by Wysenbeek et al 1 provides insights to eVect of short-term intra-articular corticosteroids on a low pathogenicity/low infectivity form of infectious arthritis.It is unclear if their conclusion about corticosteroid safety can be extrapolated to organisms of high infectivity/pathogenicity and to clinically significant impact.
Selective Cine Coronary Arteriography
Authors: WILLIAM L. PROUDFIT, EARL K. SHIREY, F. MASON SONES
Journal: Circulation (1966)

The clinical records of 1,000 patients who had adequate selective cine coronary arteriography were reviewed. The clinical diagnoses were made by a physician who had no knowledge of the arteriographic findings. Correlation of the clinical diagnoses with the arteriographic findings was made subsequently. Symptomatic coronary disease was accompanied by arteriographic evidence of significant obstruction of major coronary arteries in most instances. A close correlation existed between the clinical diagnosis of angina pectoris without rest pain and significant arterial obstruction (95%). A similar correlation was found between QRS evidence of myocardial infarction and severe arterial obstruction (99%). The demonstrated arterial obstruction in patients who had angina pectoris almost always was severe and usually almost total or total in one or more major vessels. In myocardial infarction the demonstrated obstruction was always severe and generally almost total or total. The correlation between clinical and arteriographic findings was moderately close in patients who had angina with symptoms at rest. The correlation between the arteriographic findings and less characteristic clinical syndromes (rest pain only, 79%, coronary failure, 78%, and especially atypical angina pectoris, 65%) was not so close. In congestive failure secondary to coronary disease, arterial obstruction was extensive unless ventricular aneurysm, mitral insufficiency, arrhythmia, arterial hypotension, or some other complication was present. Most patients thought to have noncoronary symptoms had no significant obstructive lesions. In 37% of the entire group of patients, almost all of whom had been suspected of having coronary disease by some physicians, no significant arteriographic obstruction was demonstrated; in 27% the arteriograms were normal. Diagnoses, based on appraisal of the clinical records without knowledge of the arteriographic findings, yielded 83% correlation with abnormal arteriographic findings in 700 patients thought to have coronary disease.
Comparison of inhaled atropine sulphate and atropine methonitrate
Authors: C. J Allen, A. H Campbell
Journal: Thorax (1980)

The bronchodilator potencies of inhaled atropine sulphate and atropine methonitrate have been compared either alone or in combination with fenoterol in a group of adult asthmatic patients. A cumulative dose response study showed that 2 mg of atropine sulphate produced near maximum bronchodilatation. A larger dose of 4 mg was used in comparing the potency of this drug with 2 mg of atropine methonitrate, a dose previously shown to produce optimum bronchodilatation. In a randomised double-blind fashion atropine methonitrate (2 mg), atropine sulphate (4 mg), fenoterol (400 μg), a combination of atropine methonitrate with fenoterol, a combination of atropine sulphate with fenoterol, and two placebos were administered by inhalation on separate days to eight stable adult asthmatics. Measurements of FEV<sub>1</sub> were made before administration of the drugs and at 20 minutes, one, two, four, and six hours afterwards. The two atropine drugs produced a similar peak effect but the bronchodilatation after atropine methonitrate was more prolonged. In combination the bronchodilatation achieved with both atropine drugs and fenoterol was greater than with either atropine or fenoterol alone, confirming that atropine and an adrenergic drug can have an additive effect. The response with atropine methonitrate and fenoterol showed a significant increase in the FEV<sub>1</sub> for six hours whereas with atropine sulphate and fenoterol the increase of FEV<sub>1</sub> was significantly greater than the placebo for only four hours. It was concluded that the atropine drugs produce useful bronchodilatation either alone or in combination with an adrenergic agent. Of the two atropine drugs, the methonitrate appears to be superior to the sulphate as an inhaled bronchodilator in adult asthmatics.
Enzyme Dissolution of a Phytobezoar in a Gastrectomized Subject
Authors: M. Rinetti, G. Bianchi, G. Monfrino, F. Prever, L. Colombi Zinelli
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

A case of phytobezoar in a gastrectomized patient with liver disorders is reported. Owing to the difficulty of establishing the diagnosis, the need for gastroscopy and biopsy is emphasized. Apart from the cases in which surgical removal is urgent, attention is drawn to the effectiveness of enzyme dissolution in connection with the experience described.
Power Law Behavior of RR-Interval Variability in Healthy Middle-Aged Persons, Patients With Recent Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Patients With Heart Transplants
Authors: J. Thomas Bigger, Richard C. Steinman, Linda M. Rolnitzky, Joseph L. Fleiss, Paul Albrecht, Richard J. Cohen
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background The purposes of the present study were (1) to establish normal values for the regression of log(power) on log(frequency) for RR-interval fluctuations in healthy middle-aged persons, (2) to determine the effects of myocardial infarction on the regression of log(power) on log(frequency), (3) to determine the effect of cardiac denervation on the regression of log(power) on log(frequency), and (4) to assess the ability of power law regression parameters to predict death after myocardial infarction. Methods and Results We studied three groups: (1) 715 patients with recent myocardial infarction; (2) 274 healthy persons age and sex matched to the infarct sample; and (3) 19 patients with heart transplants. Twenty-four–hour RR-interval power spectra were computed using fast Fourier transforms and log(power) was regressed on log(frequency) between 10 −4 and 10 −2 Hz. There was a power law relation between log(power) and log(frequency). That is, the function described a descending straight line that had a slope of ≈−1 in healthy subjects. For the myocardial infarction group, the regression line for log(power) on log(frequency) was shifted downward and had a steeper negative slope (−1.15). The transplant (denervated) group showed a larger downward shift in the regression line and a much steeper negative slope (−2.08). The correlation between traditional power spectral bands and slope was weak, and that with log(power) at 10 −4 Hz was only moderate. Slope and log(power) at 10 −4 Hz were used to predict mortality and were compared with the predictive value of traditional power spectral bands. Slope and log(power) at 10 −4 Hz were excellent predictors of all-cause mortality or arrhythmic death. To optimize the prediction of death, we calculated a log(power) intercept that was uncorrelated with the slope of the power law regression line. We found that the combination of slope and zero-correlation log(power) was an outstanding predictor, with a relative risk of &gt;10, and was better than any combination of the traditional power spectral bands. The combination of slope and log(power) at 10 −4 Hz also was an excellent predictor of death after myocardial infarction. Conclusions Myocardial infarction or denervation of the heart causes a steeper slope and decreased height of the power law regression relation between log(power) and log(frequency) of RR-interval fluctuations. Individually and, especially, combined, the power law regression parameters are excellent predictors of death of any cause or arrhythmic death and predict these outcomes better than the traditional power spectral bands.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Incident Hospitalized Heart Failure in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Charles B. Eaton, Abdulrahman M. Abdulbaki, Karen L. Margolis, JoAnn E. Manson, Marian Limacher, Liviu Klein, Matthew A. Allison, Jennifer G. Robinson, J. David Curb, Lisa A. Martin, Simin Liu, Barbara V. Howard
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— The differences in the incidence of heart failure by race/ethnicity and the potential mechanisms for these differences are largely unexplored in women. Methods and Results— A total of 156 143 postmenopausal women free of self-reported heart failure enrolled from 1993 to 1998 at 40 clinical centers throughout the United States as part of the Women's Health Initiative and were followed up until 2005, for an average of 7.8 years, for incident hospitalized heart failure. Incident rates, hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals were determined by use of the Cox proportional hazard model comparing racial/ethnic groups, and population-attributable risk percentages were calculated for each racial/ethnic group. Blacks had the highest age-adjusted incidence of heart failure (380 in 100 000 person-years), followed by whites (274), Hispanics (193), and Asian/Pacific Islanders (103). The excess risk in blacks compared with whites (age-adjusted HR=1.45) was significantly attenuated by adjustment for household income (HR=0.97) and diabetes mellitus (HR=0.89), but the lower risk in Hispanics (age-adjusted HR=0.72) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (age-adjusted HR=0.44) remained despite adjustment for traditional risk factors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and access-to-care variables. The effect of adjustment for interim coronary heart disease on nonwhite versus white HRs for heart failure differed by race/ethnic group. Conclusions— Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic women have a lower incidence of heart failure and black women have higher rates of heart failure compared with white women. The excess risk of incident heart failure in black women is explained largely by adjustment for lower household incomes and diabetes mellitus in black women, whereas the lower rates of heart failure in Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics are largely unexplained by the risk factors measured in this study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00000611.
Cytochrome P450 2C24: expression, tissue distribution, high-throughput assay, and pharmacological inhibition
Authors: Jun Yang, Melissa A. VanAlstine, James G. Phillips, Mark P. Wentland, Lindsay B. Hough
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated epoxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) contributes to important biological functions, including the pain-relieving responses produced by analgesic drugs. However, the relevant epoxygenase(s) remain unidentified. Presently, we describe the tissue distribution, high-throughput assay, and pharmacological characteristics of the rat epoxygenase CYP2C24. Following cloning from male rat liver, recombinant baculovirus containing the C-terminal His-tagged cDNA was constructed and used to express the protein in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells. Enzymatic activity was detected with membranes, NADPH regenerating system and CYP reductase, and optimized for high throughput screening by use of the Vivid Blue© BOMCC fluorescence substrate. Quantitative real-time PCR identified CYP2C24 m-RNA in liver, kidney, heart, lung, gonad and brain. Screening of CYP2C24 activity against a panel of inhibitors showed a very strong correlation with activity against the human homologue CYP2C19. In agreement with recent findings on CYP2C19, the epoxygenase blockers PPOH and MS-PPOH inhibited CYP2C24 only weakly, confirming that these drugs are not universal epoxygenase inhibitors. Finally, comparisons of the CYP2C24 inhibitor profile with anti-analgesic activity suggests that this isoform does not contribute to brain analgesic drug action. The present methods and pharmacological data will aid in study of the biological significance of this CYP isoform.