tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4548: Erythrose kill cancer cell in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in vivo
Authors: Xingnong Wang, Youcheng Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In general, mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are believed to represent the fundamental cause of carcinogenesis. Mitochondrial deficiency (Warburg effect) may be a direct or indirect consequence of these mutations. Accordingly, tumor cells depend on glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as energy source for their survival and proliferation. Targeting this kind of metabolism could offer a possibility for cancer treatment. Erythrose was used as an alternative energy source to test its inhibitory effect on several tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Cancer cell lines (breast BT474 and MCF-7, brain U87mg, pancreas Panc-1, HEL, LL-2 Lewis lung, and colorectal CT26 and SW480 lines) were grown in DMEM + 10% FBS media with different concentrations of D-erythrose and cell growth was tested with the Trypan blue assay. In general, 70% of cancer cells did not survive after 24 hrs of culture with 500mg/L D-erythrose. Addition of ZnCl2 (40µM) doubled the cancer killing effect at 400mg/L D-erythrose. In addition, LL-2 Lewis lung cells were subcutaneously introduced into the immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. After allowing tumor growth to 2.7±0.4mm wide diameters, a daily subcutaneous injection beside the tumor with D-erythrose (∼1g/kg bw) was administered for 25 days; controls received a PBS injection instead. Tumor growth in erythrose-treated mice was inhibited more than 90% by weight. We hypothesize that the administration of erythrose leads to CO2 production from oxidation in cytosol or mitochondria. Carbonic acid is formed from CO2 and water, accelerated by carbonic anhydrase (a zinc enzyme), which can convert lactate to lactic acid, and cause intracellular acidosis and cancer death since cancer cells have increased lactate production. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4548.
TREATMENT OF CARBUNCLES WITH LOCAL PENICILLIN INJECTIONS
Authors: W. Andrew Dale
Journal: JAMA (1952)

A carbuncle is a necrotizing infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that is usually due to the Staphylococcus aureus hemolyticus. If untreated, this lesion results in prolonged morbidity, a few metastatic infections, a long healing period, and an appreciable mortality. Many methods of treatment have been used in the past, including local hyperemia produced by external heat or local injections, local ointment therapy, parenteral vaccines, x-ray therapy, incision and drainage, or complete excision. Chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents have been added to these methods as they were developed. The most recent methods of treatment, however, have centered about control of the local infection by some type of incision or excision of the inflammatory mass. Although this surgical treatment usually controlled the infection, especially since antibiotics have been available, the wide incisions or excisions necessary led to large granulating wounds. Many of these necessitated prolonged hospitalization and loss of time. Final
Relationship between time of day/day of week and outcomes in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Mauro M. Moscucci, Dean Smith, Debabrata Mukherjee, Cecelia Montoye, Michael J. O'Donnell, Anthony C. DeFranco, William L. Meengs, Ann Maxwell-Eward, John G. McGinnity, Kirit Patel, David Share
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Copolymer, Undergoing Trials, Could Improve Fibrinolytics' Effectiveness
Authors: Chris Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

IT BEGAN its life humbly, one of a family of copolymers with detergentlike properties useful as immunoadjuvants and emulsifiers. Now this compound, called Rheoth-Rx™ may be poised to join forces with one of medicine's marquee stars, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and its clot-busting fibrinolytic companions. Researchers foresee the copolymer improving the effectiveness of fibrinolytics while reducing the dose. In turn, this could lessen the risks of hemorrhage associated with the clot busters. Says Gary S. Roubin, MD, research director of the Andreas Gruentzig Cardiovascular Center at Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga, and noted expert in balloon angioplasty, "The sooner we get this into clinical trials, the better. There's a constant problem of thrombosis [in clinical cardiology] and if Rheoth-Rx is proven effective, we would be using it routinely in every angioplasty case with potential for thrombotic problems." He notes that while antithrombin peptides now being developed are also
Dementia: supportive groups for relatives.
Authors: J Fuller, E Ward, A Evans, K Massam, A Gardner
Journal: BMJ (1979)

We describe two years' experience of supportive groups for the relatives of elderly demented patients, who were inpatients, day patients, and outpatients served by the German Hospital Psychogeriatric Unit. Most patients suffered from dementia. The impetus for forming a relatives' group came from the obvious need such relatives had for discussion and support ; the City and East London district still had inadequate inpatient resources for demented patients, which has led to some patients being cared for at home longer than is desirable. Despite maximum support for the caring relative, one of us (JF) found such relatives would telephone the hospital from time to time saying they could no longer cope. They were always invited to the unit to discuss their problems, which they did, returning home with the problem unchanged but apparently satisfied and willing to carry on caring for their elderly relatives. Nevertheless, further opportunities to ventilate their feelings were needed; a group seemed to offer practical support, being economical of professional time while supplementing other supports and allowing sharing of the practical experience of coping with a demented relative.
CATHETER ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN LEFT ATRIUM IN PATIENT WITH MECHANICAL MITRAL VALVE: ACUTE AND LONG-TERM RESULTS
Authors: Rong Bai, Luigi Di Biase, Prasant Mohanty, Douglas Gibson, Salwa Beheiry, Richard H. Hongo, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Claude S. Elayi, Dhanunjay Lakkireddy, Javier Sanchez, J. David Burkhardt, Rodney Horton, G. Joseph Gallinghouse, Shane M. Bailey, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Author's response: Airway anatomy in COPD: many dimensions to consider
Authors: Benjamin M Smith, Eric A Hoffman, R Graham Barr
Journal: Thorax (2015)

We thank Bokov and Delclaux for their thoughtful comments1 on our paper2 and offer the following comments.

The homothety factor, as defined by Bokov and Delclaux,1 describes a structural aspect of the airway tree not directly addressed in our study, which we agree is important and likely also influences airflow in asthma and COPD. However, we believe the suggestion that the two factors, tracheal area and homothety factor, alone characterise the whole bronchial tree omits important structural characteristics, such as …
TCT-796 Safety and efficacy of different paclitaxel-eluting balloons in a preclinical model
Authors: Armando Pérez de Prado, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Carlos Cuellas, Marta Regueiro, María López-Benito, Beatriz Martínez-Fernández, Luis Duocastella, María Molina, Isabel Pérez-Serranos, Alex Gómez-Castel, Alejandro Diego, Rodrigo Estevez, José Manuel Gonzalo-Orden, Felipe Fernández-Vázquez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Diabetes in institutionalised elderly people: a forgotten population?
Authors: S. J Benbow, A. Walsh, G. V Gill
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To quantify the effectiveness and safety of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute traumatic brain injury.Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of corticosteroids in acute traumatic brain injury.Summary odds ratios were estimated as an inverse variance weighted average of the odds ratios for each study.Setting: Randomised trials available by March 1996.Subjects: The included trials with outcome data comprised 2073 randomised participants. Results:The effect of corticosteroids on the risk of death was reported in 13 included trials.The pooled odds ratio for the 13 trials was 0.91 (95% confidence interval 0.74 to 1.12).Pooled absolute risk reduction was 1.8% ( -2.5% to 5.7%).For the 10 trials that reported death or disability the pooled odds ratio was 0.90 (0.72 to 1.11).For infections of any type the pooled odds ratio was 0.92 (0.69 to 1.23) and for the seven trials reporting gastrointestinal bleeding it was 1.05 (0.44 to 2.52).With only those trials with the best quality of concealment of allocation, the pooled odds ratio estimates for death and death or disability became closer to unity.Conclusions: This systematic review of randomised controlled trials of corticosteroids in acute traumatic brain injury shows that there remains considerable uncertainty over their effects.Neither moderate benefits nor moderate harmful effects can be excluded.The widely practicable nature of the drugs and the importance of the health problem suggest that large simple trials are feasible and worth while to establish whether there are any benefits from use of corticosteroids in this setting.
On the Mechanism of Hyposthenuria in Hypercalcemia*
Authors: Norman Bank, Hagop S. Aynedjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

Loss of renal concentrating ability is a well- known consequence of hypercalcemia (1).On the basis of experimental observations in animals (2-5) and man (6-8), it has been suggested that one or more specific functional abnormalities of the renal tubules underlie the concentrating de- fect.The abnormality proposed most often is that the collecting ducts become relatively im- permeable to water (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).It has also been suggested that sodium transport is impaired at some site in the tubule which contributes to creat- ing and maintaining high concentrations of so- dium in the interstitial fluids of the medulla and papilla (4).Aside from these specific transport abnormalities, the possibility exists that obstruc- tion of tubules by intraluminal casts ( 9) and the consequent decrease in number of functioning nephrons may play an important role in the hy- posthenuria.In the present study, hypercalcemic nephrop- athy was studied in vitamin D-intoxicated rats and hamsters by utilizing clearance and micro- puncture methods simultaneously.The data failed to reveal any evidence of either impaired sodium transport by the tubules or impermeability of the collecting ducts to water.The total amount of sodium delivered to the medulla per unit time was markedly diminished since glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was reduced and re- absorption of the glomerular filtrate by the proximal tubules was unimpaired.It is postulated
Inhibitors and antagonists of bacterial quorum sensing
Authors: Nanting Ni, Minyong Li, Junfeng Wang, Binghe Wang
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2008)

Abstract Bacteria can regulate community‐wide behaviors including biofilm formation, virulence, conjugation, sporulation, and swarming motility through a process called quorum sensing. Inhibitors and antagonists of bacterial quorum sensing are important research tools and potential therapeutic agents. In this review, we have summarized recent developments in this area. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 29, No. 1, 65–124, 2009
SPEECH WITHOUT A LARYNX
Authors: EDWARD W. SCRIPTURE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Normal speech requires breath from the lungs acting on the larynx and the organs of enunciation in the throat and mouth. When the larynx has been removed without cutting off the supply of breath from the lungs to the mouth, the speech is like that of a very faint whisper. When the air-passage is entirely closed between the lungs and mouth, speech ceases entirely. Although the person can make all the movements of enunciation, he has no means of producing any sound. Strangely enough, however, he can be taught to speak quite audibly in a new way. Several such cases have been reported, but I have recently had the opportunity to push the speech development much farther than anywhere reported by employing some of the finer principles of phonetics. The patient came to me three months after his larynx had been removed for carcinoma. The passage from the mouth to
A2.12 Phospholipase Cγ2 expression in neutrophils mediates autoantibody-induced arthritis
Authors: O Kása, K Futosi, J Trendl, Z Jakus, A Mócsai
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease with a prevalence of 1%. The pathomechanism of the disease is not completely understood. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) is a critical player of the effector phase of the autoantibody-mediated K/BxN serum transfer arthritis model. Prior studies also showed that myeloid cells such as neutrophils and macrophages are essential for arthritis development in this model. The aim of our experiments was to investigate the role of PLCγ2 expression within myeloid cells during K/BxN serum transfer arthritis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Lineage-specific deletion of PLCγ2 was achieved by crossing LysM and MRP8 promoter-driven Cre recombinase (LysM<sup>Cre/Cre</sup> and MRP8<sup>Cre/Cre</sup>) transgenic mice with PLCγ2<sup>flox/flox</sup> animals. PLCγ2 expression in bone marrow neutrophils and bone marrow-derived macrophages was tested by Western blot. Mice were injected with arithrogenic (K/BxN) or control serum intraperitoneally. The development of arthritis was assessed by clinical scoring of the visible signs of the inflammation, measuring ankle thickness and testing articular function by a hanging test. <h3>Results</h3> As expected, LysM promoter-driven Cre recombinase deleted PLCγ2 from both neutrophils and macrophages whereas MRP8 promoter-driven Cre recombinase deleted PLCγ2 from neutrophils but not macrophages. Although wild type mice injected with arithrogenic serum develop severe arthritis, no sings of the disease was assessed in similarly treated LysM<sup>Cre/Cre</sup>PLCγ2<sup>flox/flox</sup>animals. MRP8<sup>Cre/Cre</sup>PLCγ2<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice were also almost completely protected from arthritis development. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results indicate that the expression of PLCγ2 in myeloid cells and in particular neutrophils indispensable for the development of autoantibody-induced arthritis in experimental mice.
Explanations to the Patient-Reply
Authors: Catherine Anne Collins
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> When a physician enters the examining room, he must spend a certain amount of time there regardless of whether he even opens his mouth. While he is examining the patient, running a test, glancing at a chart, writing a prescription, or washing his hands, he has an opportunity to share his knowledge and insights with the patient. If he chooses to give in this intangible way, it takes up no extra time. And if his three or four steps to the door are laced with a moment's hesitation, that hardly affects the patient who is waiting for him in the next room. I've never wanted extra time. I've only hoped for kind explanations in the time that was mine. I have always stuck to the most basic, important questions, and on several occasions I have not asked other questions that I really wanted to know, out of respect
Development Of IgE Against a Cimex Lectularius Allergen After Being Bitten By Bed Bugs Was Common Among Children In NYC
Authors: Adnan Divjan, Jason B. Price, Luis M. Acosta, Andrew Rundle, Inge Goldstein, Judith Jacobson, William R. Montfort, Greg Freyer, Matthew S. Perzanowski
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
NOTCH3 Signaling Regulates MUSASHI-1 Expression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Anna Pastò, Valentina Serafin, Giorgia Pilotto, Claudia Lago, Chiara Bellio, Livio Trusolino, Andrea Bertotti, Timothy Hoey, Michelina Plateroti, Giovanni Esposito, Marica Pinazza, Marco Agostini, Donato Nitti, Alberto Amadori, Stefano Indraccolo
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

MUSASHI-1 (MSI-1) is a well-established stem cell marker in both normal and malignant colon cells and it acts by positively regulating the NOTCH pathway through inactivation of NUMB, a NOTCH signaling repressor. To date, the mechanisms of regulation of MSI-1 levels remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the regulation of MSI-1 by NOTCH signaling in colorectal cancer cell lines and in primary cultures of colorectal cancer metastases. Stimulation by the NOTCH ligand DLL4 was associated with an increase of MSI-1 mRNA and protein levels, and this phenomenon was prevented by the addition of an antibody neutralizing NOTCH2/3 but not NOTCH1. Moreover, forced expression of activated NOTCH3 increased MSI-1 levels, whereas silencing of NOTCH3 by short hairpin RNA reduced MSI-1 levels in both colorectal cancer cells and CRC tumor xenografts. Consistent with these findings, enforced NOTCH3 expression or stimulation by DLL4 increased levels of activated NOTCH1 in colorectal cell lines. Finally, treatment of colorectal cancer cells with anti-NOTCH2/3 antibody increased NUMB protein while significantly reducing formation of tumor cell spheroids. This novel feed-forward circuit involving DLL4, NOTCH3, MSI-1, NUMB, and NOTCH1 may be relevant for regulation of NOTCH signaling in physiologic processes as well as in tumor development. With regard to therapeutic implications, NOTCH3-specific drugs could represent a valuable strategy to limit NOTCH signaling in the context of colorectal cancers overexpressing this receptor.
Mutations in Growth Factor Independent-1 Associated with Human Neutropenia Block Murine Granulopoiesis through Colony Stimulating Factor-1
Authors: Adrian Zarebski, Chinavenmeni S. Velu, Avinash M. Baktula, Tristan Bourdeau, Shane R. Horman, Sudeep Basu, Salvatore J. Bertolone, Marshal Horwitz, David A. Hildeman, John O. Trent, H. Leighton Grimes
Journal: Immunity (2008)
Thyroid Function in Chronically Dialyzed Uremic Patients
Authors: MARTIN L. NUSYNOWITZ, PRENTICE THOMPSON, STEPHEN R. PLYMATE, DOUGLAS DANIELS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Thyroid function was studied in ten uremic patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis who had no overt clinical evidence of thyroid dysfunction. Serum concentrations of Thyrotropin (TSH), Protein Bound Iodine (PBI), and Triiodothyronine Uptake (T3U) were normal and 24-hour I-131 uptake was also normal. Thyroxine as iodine (T4I), Free Thyroxine Index (FTI), Triiodothyronine (T3), Free Triiodothyronine Index (FT3I), and Free reverse Triiodothyronine Index (FrT3I) were significantly reduced, and Serum Inorganic Iodide (SII) and Nonhormonal lodoprotein (SIP) were elevated. Thyroxine Binding Globulin Capacity was normal. The ratios T4I/T3 and FTI/FT3I were normal, but T4I/rT3 and FTI/FrT31 were reduced. TSH administration caused significant increases in T41, T3, T3U, FTI, FT31, and rT3 as compared to baseline, but the increases were less than normal in regard to T4I, T3, T3U, FTI, and FT3I. The TSH stimulated rises in rT3 and FrT3I were normal. These results indicated that: 1) a hypophyseal defect with regard to TSH secretion is present; 2) a primary intrathyroidal defect is also present, but whether this is due to the elevated SII or not is indeterminate; 3) the peripheral binding of circulating thyroid hormones is essentially normal; and 4) there appears to be a shift in the peripheral conversion of thyroxine from T3 to rT3.
Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Rural Chinese Population: The Handan Eye Study
Authors: Ke Yang, Yuan Bo Liang, Li Qin Gao, Yi Peng, Ran Shen, Xin Rong Duan, David S. Friedman, Lan Ping Sun, Paul Mitchell, Ning Li Wang, Tien Yin Wong, Jie Jin Wang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Economic Limits to Care
Authors: CALVIN E. OYER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 March 1976Economic Limits to CareCALVIN E. OYER, M.D., F.A.C.P.CALVIN E. OYER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-3-338 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Humphrey and colleagues (1) proves that renal transplantation in multiple myeloma can be successfully done, at least to the extent of providing 15 months of "complete rehabilitation" before the inevitable death. Their report undoubtedly reflects a high caliber of patient care, and no criticism of the authors is intended. However, their report, when considered in the context of present socioeconomic conditions in medicine, raises serious questions about our order of priorities in health care. At this time, when medical care is being rendered at high cost in patients with an inevitable fatal outcome, many...Reference1. HUMPHREY R, WRIGHT J, and ZACHARY J: Renal transplantation in multiple myeloma. A case report. Ann Intern Med 83:651-653, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CALVIN E. OYER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: 62 Ridge Road North Arlington, New Jersey 07032 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1976Volume 84, Issue 3 Page: 338-339 Keywords Health care Multiple myeloma Patients Renal transplantation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunotherapy of HCC metastases with autologous T cell receptor redirected T cells, targeting HBsAg in a liver transplant patient
Authors: Waseem Qasim, Maurizia Brunetto, Adam J. Gehring, Shao-An Xue, Anna Schurich, Atefeh Khakpoor, Hong Zhan, Pietro Ciccorossi, Kimberly Gilmour, Daniela Cavallone, Francesco Moriconi, Farzin Farzhenah, Alessandro Mazzoni, Lucas Chan, Emma Morris, Adrian Thrasher, Mala K. Maini, Ferruccio Bonino, Hans Stauss, Antonio Bertoletti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Dapsone Treatment of a Brown Recluse Bite
Authors: Lloyd E. King
Journal: JAMA (1983)

IN 1929, Schmaus<sup>1</sup>reported the treatment of the first documented case of cutaneous loxoscelism in North America with sedation, starch, and sodium bicarbonate, which was ineffective. Current therapies for brown spider bites, using corticosteroids, antibiotics, antihistaminics, and surgical excision, may not be much more effective management for the skin ulcer that the venom produces.<sup>2,3</sup>We have treated a documented bite from the brown recluse spider<i>Loxosceles reclusa</i>with dapsone and produced a dramatic resolution of the skin lesion with no complications. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 27-year-old man killed a spider immediately after being bitten on the right leg while dressing. He went directly to the hospital emergency room, where no treatment was given because he was told that the spider was nonvenomous. He saw his private physician 24 hours later, after the bite site became larger (8×8 cm), swollen, and erythematous. He complained of itching and pain.
The challenge of molecular medicine: complexity versus Occam’s razor
Authors: Eric A. Sobie, Silvia Guatimosim, Long-Sheng Song, W.J. Lederer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

treat the thousands of patients with type 1 diabetes.The use of bone marrow as a source of pancreatic β cell progenitors has the potential for ex vivo expansion, differentiation, and autologous transplantation.Thus, immunosuppression to prevent rejection could be avoided.Identifying the subpopulation in the bone marrow that gives rise to functional insulin-secreting cells, the mechanism of islet engraftment, as well as the environmental signals that trigger differentiation will be essential for exploiting these cells for the treatment of type 1 and possibly some forms of type 2 diabetes.