tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Moments of Love
Authors: David S. Pisetsky
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Placebo-Controlled Trials in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Robert I. Misbin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Papers published by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) employees are required to state that the opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the official position of the FDA. With respect to the ethics of placebo-controlled trials, it is fair to say that my views are almost completely the opposite. Through letters to newspapers (1,2) and medical journals (3), I have attempted to point out the very problem that David S.H. Bell has identified in his letter to Diabetes Care (4). My personal view is that trials of new drugs should try to mirror the conditions in which the drugs will actually be used. Patient volunteers should not be expected to accept a standard of care that would be unacceptable in other settings. If the scientific situation requires that patients be willing to accept additional risk or discomfort, the proposition should be put to them by someone other than the physician on whom they are dependent. Although straightforward enough to me, these views have received little support from the people who run FDA.

An explanation—of what might be considered the FDA position—can be found in the writings of Dr. Robert Temple. His major argument is that placebo-controlled trials are necessary to prove efficacy in conditions whose natural …
Uterus Didelphys with Unilateral Haematocolpos
Authors: M. Solomons
Journal: BMJ (1963)

JOURNAL~~~~~~~~~~~~was no evidence of a uveitis or any abnormal physical signs in the heart, lungs, abdomen, and lymphatic or central nervous systems.Investigations.-Haemoglobin 92% (13.7 g./100 ml.); W.B.C. 7,000/c.mm.(polymorphs 53%, lymphocytes 35%, monocytes 6%, eosinophils 6%); E.S.R. 20 mm. at 1 hour.Mid-stream specimen of urine showed a trace of albumin and occasional pus cells.Serum proteins 8.6 g./ 100 ml., with moderate hypergammaglobulinaemia on paper electrophoresis.Plasma urea and electrolytes, serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and flocculation tests, 24-hour urinary calcium, E.C.G., and x-ray film of hands were all normal.Chest x-ray picture was unchanged from that of September 15.Her sputum proved negative for tubercle bacilli.Sarcoidosis was confirmed by liver biopsy, which showed "several nodules composed of epithelioid cells with a sprinkling of lymphocytes and a very few polymorphs" (Dr.J. F. Smith).Prednisone was given because of her severe systemic illness, with an excellent clinical response, and two days after the start of the steroid therapy her Mantoux reaction was found to be positive at 1/100 (100 T.U.).After discharge she has remained well on a maintenance dose of prednisone, apart from a chest infection which cleared up on antibiotics.Her latest chest x-ray picture (May 15, 1962) showed some resolution of the hilar glands.Complications have not been noted in other patients given the particular batches of B.C.G.DISCUSSION
Tetany in Blood Donors
Authors: W. F. Frazer, F. S. Fowweather
Journal: BMJ (1942)

ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITISMEDICALTISHURNAL 759 be returning to the normal level while the protein rise may hardly have begun.This observation lays stress on the impor- tance of obtaining two specimens of fluid from each case, preferably at the end of the first week and in the middle of the third week.Such routine examinations should enable a case of acute anterior poliomyelitis to be picked out with ease from among the paralyses of childhood and young adult life. SummaryThe findings in a small series of cases in an epidemic of acute anterior poliomyelitis are reported.These show the typical early rise in cell counts and the late rise in protein content.The cases are recorded in detail on the chart.An appeal is made for the taking of more than one specimen of cerebrospinal fluid in a case suspected of acute anterior poliomyelitis, and for the interpretation of the findings in the light of the changing picture presented in this disease.It is stressed that a single specimen at the end of the second week may give findings approximating to the normal, as the cell rise is almost at an end and the protein rise may hardly have begun.I would like to acknowledge the help of Prof. Perry, Drs.Birretl, Beryl Corner, and Lloyd Price, under whom these cases were treated and who called me in as their orthopaedic colleague; and of Prof. Davie, who was at the time professor of pathology at the University of Bristol, and whose staff carried out all the cerebrospinal fluid examinations.My thanks are especially due to Prof. Perry, who has stimulated me to publish this series from a small, epidemic in an attempt
IODIZED OIL AND PNEUMOPERITONEUM COMBINED IN GYNECOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS: PRELIMINARY REPORT
Authors: Irving F. Stein
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Pneumoperitoneum as a diagnostic measure has passed the stage of experiment and research and is now a method commonly utilized in gynecology. Similarly, the use of opaque mediums for uterine and tubal diagnosis has met with a measure of success in the hands of Heuser, Forestier, Kennedy and others. As far as we are aware, the two methods have not been combined before. We first considered this combination as to its practicability in December, 1925, and have adopted it for some time past as a means of roentgenray diagnosis in our gynecologic clinic. The following case may well illustrate this use: <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> Mrs. R. E., aged 25, who had been married three years, and whose last menses occurred, May 21, 1926, was sterile. Examination revealed a mass in the right adnexa almost fist sized, which was adherent and tender. In the absence of any inflammatory history,
Hydroa vacciniforme-like primary cutaneous CD8-positive T-cell lymphoma
Authors: H-H. Chen, C-H. Hsiao, H-C. Chiu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

An 8-year-old Taiwanese girl had a 6-month history of a relapsing papulovesicular eruption on her face that resembled hydroa vacciniforme (HV). Histologically, there was a dense infiltration of large atypical lymphocytic cells expressing CD8. TCR-γ gene rearrangement study revealed a monoclonal band present in the DNA extracted from the specimen. A diagnosis of CD8+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) was made. The patient was treated with Chinese herbal drugs and her skin lesions waxed and waned. At this writing, 11 months after establishment of the diagnosis, the skin lesions have been limited to the facial area and no definite evidence of systemic involvement is noted. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CD8+ primary CTCL with clinical features resembling HV.
Differentiation of chronic sinus diseases by measurement of inflammatory mediators
Authors: T. Van Zele, S. Claeys, P. Gevaert, G. Van Maele, G. Holtappels, P. Van Cauwenberge, C. Bachert
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) clinically is a heterogeneous group of sinus diseases, which may cover different disease entities, or may represent a disease continuum. Studying inflammatory cells and mediators in clearly defined disease subgroups may lead to a better differentiation of chronic sinus diseases.Sinonasal mucosal tissue from 10 nasal polyp (NP) patients, 13 cystic fibrosis patients (CF-NP), eight CRS subjects without polyps, and nine control patients were stained for CD3, CD25, CD68, CD20, myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD138 and tissue homogenates were assayed for eotaxin, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2sRalpha, IL-5, interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-8, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and MPO by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or UNICAP system.Nasal polyp and CF-NP showed increased numbers and activation of T cells, while only NP displayed an increase in plasma cells. Nasal polyp had significantly higher levels of eosinophilic markers [eosinophils, eotaxin, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)] compared with CRS, controls and CF-NP. Chronic rhinosinusitis was characterized by a Th1 polarization with high levels of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta, while NP showed a Th2 polarization with high IL-5 and immunoglobulin (Ig) E concentrations. Nasal polyp and CF-NP were discriminated by edema from CRS and controls, with CF-NP displaying a very prominent neutrophilic inflammation.Based on cellular and mediator profiles, we suggest that CRS, NP, and CF-NP are distinct disease entities within the group of chronic sinus diseases.
Recent Advances in Lentiviral Vector Development and Applications
Authors: Janka Mátrai, Marinee KL Chuah, Thierry VandenDriessche
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) have emerged as potent and versatile vectors for ex vivo or in vivo gene transfer into dividing and nondividing cells. Robust phenotypic correction of diseases in mouse models has been achieved paving the way toward the first clinical trials. LVs can deliver genes ex vivo into bona fide stem cells, particularly hematopoietic stem cells, allowing for stable transgene expression upon hematopoietic reconstitution. They are also useful to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. LVs can be pseudotyped with distinct viral envelopes that influence vector tropism and transduction efficiency. Targetable LVs can be generated by incorporating specific ligands or antibodies into the vector envelope. Immune responses toward the transgene products and transduced cells can be repressed using microRNA-regulated vectors. Though there are safety concerns regarding insertional mutagenesis, their integration profile seems more favorable than that of gamma-retroviral vectors (gamma-RVs). Moreover, it is possible to minimize this risk by modifying the vector design or by employing integration-deficient LVs. In conjunction with zinc-finger nuclease technology, LVs allow for site-specific gene correction or addition in predefined chromosomal loci. These recent advances underscore the improved safety and efficacy of LVs with important implications for clinical trials.
Factors that promote the development of human breast cancer.
Authors: D B Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Epidemiologic and endocrinologic studies of breast cancer etiology are reviewed in the context of the Moolgavkar two-stage model for mammary carcinogenesis. Promoters are hypothesized to enhance the growth of stem and intermediate cells, and initiators are assumed to cause stem and intermediate cells to give rise to intermediate and tumor cells, respectively. Although all epidemiologic features of breast cancer can be explained in terms of the cellular events supposed by the model, the specific causes of breast cancer are largely unknown. Aberrations in endogenous steroid sex hormones most probably act as promoters, although their exact nature and etiology are unclear. Ionizing radiation is the only known initiator. The two-stage model implies that others exist and that they are responsible for both the international variation in risk of breast cancer, and its familial aggregation. Results of endocrinologic studies suggest either that aberrations in endogenous sex hormones serve as such initiators or are correlated with them, or that familial and international variations in risk are mediated by promoters.
In vivo removal of the horny layer with formic acid
Authors: P. LEHMANN, A.M. KLIGMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

An alternative to stripping for removing the horny layer has been devised, Occlusive application of 5–7% aqueous formic acid for 24 h induces a separation of the stratum corneum. The inflammatory response is minor and there is little discomfort. The method is useful for studying the effect of various chemicals and physiological agents on barrier‐free skin in vivo. Additionally, the influence of creams and ointments on wound healing may be accurately assessed.
A monoclonal antibody to rhesus erythrocyte band 3 inhibits invasion by malaria (Plasmodium knowlesi) merozoites.
Authors: L H Miller, D Hudson, J Rener, D Taylor, T J Hadley, D Zilberstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Receptors on erythrocytes and malaria parasites mediate specific attachment and junction formation between these cells that lead to invasion of the erythrocytes. We identified monoclonal antibody A9 and its subclone A9D3 that bound to rhesus erythrocytes and blocked invasion of the erythrocytes by Plasmodium knowlesi merozoites. The monoclonal antibodies did not block attachment, the initial step in invasion, although swelling and crenation of the erythrocyte, which normally occur after attachment, were rarely observed in the presence of antibody. The monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated rhesus erythrocyte band 3. It bound to erythrocytes of another Old World monkey, the kra monkey, but not to erythrocytes of New World monkeys, chimpanzees, or man. Since the antibody did not bind to human erythrocytes, we could test for nonspecific toxicity to the parasite by studying the effect of the ascites and purified antibody on invasion of human erythrocytes. The antibody caused a minimal reduction in invasion of human erythrocytes, a reduction no greater than that seen with an unrelated monoclonal antibody. Further evidence that the inhibition was specific came from study of Fab fragments of A9D3. Column-purified Fab fragments reduced invasion of rhesus erythrocytes without affecting invasion of human erythrocytes. Fab fragments preabsorbed with rhesus erythrocytes did not inhibit invasion. From the above data, we conclude that band 3 is involved in a stage in the invasion process after initial recognition.
Assessment of insulin secretion in relatives of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: Evidence of early β-cell dysfunction
Authors: B. Nyholm, N. Pørksen, C.B. Juhl, C.H. Gravholt, P.C. Butler, J. Weeke, J.D. Veldhuis, S. Pincus, O. Schmitz
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
Mandatory Continuing Education
Authors: R. E. Banks
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I'm in total disagreement with this article and think the conclusions are poorly substantiated. I have been attending the University of Kansas postgraduate courses for years and have learned continuously. It does help my practice. The teachers are intelligent and stimulating, and the time is well spent. I recommend them highly to the authors of the article.
Abstract 4999: Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor
Authors: Moran Amit, Ayelet Shabtay-Orbach, Yoav Binenbaum, Ziv Gil
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Glial cells have been shown to play a role in glioma progression. Here we investigate the mechanism by which astrocytes which are abundant in glioma tumors, promote cancer cell invasion. Experimental Design: In this study, we evaluated the effects of astrocytes on glioma biology both in vitro and in vivo and determined the downstream paracrine effect of glial derived neurotropic factor (GDNF) on tumor invasion. Results: Astrocytes conditioned media (ACM) significantly increased human and murine glioma cells migration compared to controls. This effect was inhibited when the activity of GDNF on glioma cells was blocked by RET-Fc chimera or anti-GDNF Ab and by siRNA directed against GDNF expression by astrocytes. Glioma cell incubation with ACM led to time dependent phosphorylation of the GDNF receptor, RET and downstream AKT phosphorylation. Tumor migration and GDNF-RET-AKT activation was inhibited by the RET small molecule inhibitor pyrazolopyrimidine-1 and by the AKT inhibitor LY294002. Finally, blocking of RET by pyrazolopyrimidine-1 or knockout of the RET co receptor GFRα1 in glioma cells reduced the size of brain tumors in immunocompetent mice. Conclusions: We suggest a mechanism by which astrocytes attracted to the glioma microenvironment facilitate brain invasion by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET/GFRα1 receptors expressed by the cancer cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Moran Amit, Ayelet Shabtay-Orbach, Yoav Binenbaum, Ziv Gil. Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4999. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4999
Maraba Virus as a Potent Oncolytic Vaccine Vector
Authors: Jonathan G Pol, Liang Zhang, Byram W Bridle, Kyle B Stephenson, Julien Rességuier, Stephen Hanson, Lan Chen, Natasha Kazdhan, Jonathan L Bramson, David F Stojdl, Yonghong Wan, Brian D Lichty
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

The rhabdovirus Maraba has recently been characterized as a potent oncolytic virus. In the present study, we engineered an attenuated Maraba strain, defined as MG1, to express a melanoma-associated tumor antigen. Its ability to mount an antitumor immunity was evaluated in tumor-free and melanoma tumor-bearing mice. Alone, the MG1 vaccine appeared insufficient to prime detectable adaptive immunity against the tumor antigen. However, when used as a boosting vector in a heterologous prime-boost regimen, MG1 vaccine rapidly generated strong antigen-specific T-cell immune responses. Once applied for treating syngeneic murine melanoma tumors, our oncolytic prime-boost vaccination protocol involving Maraba MG1 dramatically extended median survival and allowed complete remission in more than 20% of the animals treated. This work describes Maraba virus MG1 as a potent vaccine vector for cancer immunotherapy displaying both oncolytic activity and a remarkable ability to boost adaptive antitumor immunity.
Ultrasound treatment for pressure ulcers
Authors: D. Machin
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Gerben ter Riet and colleagues report a double blind randomised trial of ultrasound treatment and placebo in 88 patients with pressure ulcers; they found no significant differences between the treatments.1 They also indicate that a tentative suggestion made by McDiarmid et al after a similar trail in 44 patients some 10 years ago, in relation to the differential efficacy of ultrasound treatment (US) in infected ulcers, was not substantiated.2 Both these findings come as no surprise in view …
Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The younger generation of clinicians and pathologists accept blood transfusion and the accumulated relevant information as an obvious part of current medical knowledge. But it was only in World War II that the value of whole-blood and plasma transfusions became so intensely and clearly demonstrated. In World War II, compared with the 1914-1918 war, the mortality rate of wounded men who reached forward hospitals alive was more than halved. The liberal use of blood and plasma played a major role in achieving this reduction. Under the stress of war, the problems of collection and distribution, of laboratory and clinical techniques, of indications and uses, loomed urgent, vast, inexorable. It was the stress of war which enabled us to make such enormous progress in medical science.  The story of the blood program in World War II is admirably told in this latest volume of the history of the Medical Department of
An antigen expressed by cells of the myelo‐monocytic lineage
Authors: Kenneth A. Foon, Ronald J. Billing, John H. Fitchen, Michael Belzer, S. Ian Drew, Paul I. Terasaki
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract We describe an antigen(s) characterized by a heteroantiserum raised in rabbits against mature human granulocytes. This antigen was found on neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, acute and chronic myelocytic leukemia cells and on granulocyte‐macrophage progenitor cells grown in agar. It was not found on lymphocytes, eosinophils, erythrocytes, or erythroid progenitor cells. On the basis of tissue distribution and absorption studies, the antigen (tentatively designated the “myelo‐monocytic” antigen) is distinct from antigens previously identified on human neutrophils. Restriction of the “myelo‐monocytic” antigen to normal and malignant cells of the myelo‐monocytic series suggests that it may represent a normal differentiation antigen of the myelomonocytic lineage.
TCT-544 Case Series of 100 cases of longitudinal stent Deformation
Authors: Doug Fraser, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Antonio Bartorelli, Antonio Colombo, Nicolas Foin, Azeem Latib, Iqbal Malik, Mamas Mamas, Gert Richardt, Nizar Shakhshir, Paul Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
In the Name of Medicine
Authors: Ted J. Kaptchuk
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 October 1998In the Name of MedicineTed J. Kaptchuk, OMDTed J. Kaptchuk, OMDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Berkenwald's search for an adequate label for the medicine performed by persons who have earned the initials MD is an excellent discussion but falls short of a relatively easy target [1]. The quest misses the obvious term biomedicine [2]. Biomedicine may be defined as the evolving practice of healing based on the biological sciences in conjunction with other natural sciences and applied technology. Although alternative medicine also has its version of science (for example, chiropractic science [3], homeopathic science [4], or even psychic science [5]), these sciences are not generally accepted as kindred disciplines by the ...References1. Berkenwald AD. In the name of medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:246-50. Google Scholar2. Lock M, Gordon D, eds. Biomedicine Examined. Dordrecht: Kluwer; 1988. Google Scholar3. Martin SC. “The only truly scientific method of healing.” Chiropractic and American science, 1895-1990. Isis. 1994; 85:206-27. Google Scholar4. Campbell A. The Two Faces of Homeopathy. London: Robert Hale; 1984. Google Scholar5. Mauskopt SJ, McVaugh MR. The Elusive Science: Origins of Experimental Psychical Research. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ Pr; 1980. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ted J. Kaptchuk, OMDAffiliations: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAlternative Views on Alternative MedicineTed J. Kaptchuk, OMD and David M. Eisenberg, MD 1 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 7Page: 589KeywordsChiropracticFalls ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...