tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GROWTH OF THE FOWL CORYZA BODIES IN TISSUE CULTURE AND IN BLOOD AGAR
Authors: John B. Nelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1939)

Evidence is presented that the growth capacity of chick embryo tissue for the fowl coryza bodies is conditioned by a diffusible cellular component which is essential for their multiplication. This growth factor is inactivated at pH 6, but withstands a temperature of 100°C. for 60 minutes. An amount sufficient to promote a normal growth of the specific bodies may be present in tissue culture supernatants long after its content in the tissue is exhausted. Postembryonic tissue (liver and spleen) contains a variable amount of growth factor and is not a satisfactory substitute for the chick embryo. Multiplication of recently isolated fowl coryza bodies is not demonstrable in nutrient media enriched with blood. Experiments with one strain, however, indicate that an adaptation to fluid blood in an agar medium may take place after many generations in tissue culture. The probable bacterial nature of the fowl coryza bodies is discussed on the basis of their cultural requirements.
Severe Ischaemia on SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Secondary to Microvascular Dysfunction and Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Robert R. Russo, Louise Emmett, Robert Mansberg, Kevin C. Fung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 58-year-old man presented with a history of recurrent central chest pain and presyncopal episodes after strenuous exercise. His only cardiac risk factor was hyperlipidemia. A coronary angiogram and echocardiogram, performed 6 years earlier, were reportedly normal. Further evaluation with myocardial perfusion imaging was undertaken which demonstrated extensive reversible perfusion abnormalities, most markedly in the apex, anterolateral, and inferior walls. These findings were consistent with severe ischemia, the pattern of which was suggestive of hemodynamically significant multivessel disease. A subsequent transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated features diagnostic of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with the coronary angiogram revealing only minor disease. Therefore, this case illustrates severe microvascular ischemia because of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
A Selective Advantage with Mitral Value Prolapse
Authors: CHARLES E. FUENZALIDA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1983A Selective Advantage with Mitral Value ProlapseCHARLES E. FUENZALIDA, M.D.CHARLES E. FUENZALIDA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-670_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Devereux and associates (1) suggests that variable penetrance explains the sexual predisposition for mitral valve prolapse in women. The authors also confirmed previous observations that mitral valve prolapse affects primarily younger women. These sex and age characteristics raise a provocative question about the origins of mitral valve prolapse.The relatively high prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in young women has been well documented (2, 3). Cerebrovascular, embolic, and cardiovascular complications of mitral valve prolapse along with associated metabolic and connective tissue diseases have been described (2, 3). If mitral valve prolapse is associated with...References1. DEVEREUX R, BROWN T, KRAMER-FOX R, and SACHS I. Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: effect of age and sex on gene expression. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:826-32. LinkGoogle Scholar2. JERESATY R. Mitral Valve Prolapse. New York: Raven Press; 1979. Google Scholar3. SCHLANT R, FELNER J, and MIKLOZEK C. Mitral valve prolapse. DM. 1980;26:1. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. SHULMAN J and SIMPSON J. Genetic Diseases in Pregnancy: Maternal Effects and Fetal Outcome. New York: Academic Press; 1981. Google Scholar5. BYERS P, NARAYANAN S, BORNSTEIN P, and HALL J. An X-linked form of cutis laxa due to deficiency of lysl oxidase. Birth Defects: Original Article Series. 1976;12(5):293-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. CAVALLI-SFORZA L and BODMER W. The Genetics of Human Populations. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company; 1971. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES E. FUENZALIDA, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPregnancy in Association with Mitral Valve ProlapseSafety of labor and delivery in women with mitral valve prolapse 1 May 1983Volume 98, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 670-671KeywordsConnective tissue diseasesMitral valve prolapse ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
PURKINJE AND THE ORIGINS OF OPHTHALMOSCOPY
Authors: Kamil Jaromir Neuman
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To the Editor:—  To your editorial Purkinje and the Origins of Ophthalmoscopy inThe Journal, May 23, page 348, I object that you spell Purkynĕ's name in three different ways: Purkinje, Purkinĕ and Purkyně, the last one being correct.  John Evangelist Purkyně was born in 1787 in Bohemia of Czech parents and died in 1869 as a professor of the Charles University in Prague. He was the founder of the modern Czechoslovak medicine.  Although the American textbooks spell his name Purkinje, the correct spelling of his name is Purkynĕ and the correct pronounciation is Poor-ki-ne.  Otherwise I thank you for giving proper credit to my great countryman.
Efficacy and Safety of Acarbose in Insulin-Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: David E Kelley, Pascual Bidot, Zachary Freedman, Burritt Haag, David Podlecki, Marc Rendell, David Schimel, Stuart Weiss, Terry Taylor, Alice Krol, James Magner
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

To demonstrate the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of acarbose compared with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet and metformin (2,000 or 2,500 mg/day in divided doses).This study had a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group comparison design. The trial lasted 31 weeks and consisted of a 1-week screening period, a 6-week placebo pretreatment period, and a 24-week period of acarbose or placebo, with a forced titration from 25-50 mg t.i.d. and a titration of 50-100 mg tid that was based on glucose control. The primary efficacy variable was the mean change from baseline in HbA1c. Secondary efficacy variables included mean changes from baseline in fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, serum insulin, and triglyceride levels.The addition of acarbose to patients on background metformin and diet therapy showed a statistically significant reduction in mean HbA1c of 0.65%. There were statistically significant reductions in fasting and postprandial plasma glucose and serum insulin levels compared with placebo. Gastrointestinal side effects were more frequently reported in the acarbose-treated patients. No significant differences in liver transaminase elevations were observed between patients treated with acarbose and those treated with placebo.The results of this study demonstrate that the addition of acarbose to patients with type 2 diabetes who are inadequately controlled with metformin and diet is safe and generally well tolerated and that it significantly lowers HbA1c and fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin levels.
Steatorrhea and Absent Gastric Antral Motility in Three Female Siblings with Familial Deafness.
Authors: A. Groll
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Steatorrhea and Absent Gastric Antral Motility in Three Female Siblings with Familial Deafness.A. Groll, M.R.C.P., B. I. Hirschowitz, M.D., F.A.C.P.A. Groll, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, B. I. Hirschowitz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1147_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe last three of six siblings were all affected with familial eighth nerve deafness at age 9, 3, and 13 years. Also, all three have been affected with an additional syndrome presenting at ages 14 to 15 with malnutrition, diarrhea, and vomiting from gastric retention (24 to 72 hr) due to absent antral motility, poorly relieved in the two surviving sisters by drainage procedures without vagotomy. All had normal gastric and pancreatic secretion studies, small-bowel X rays, duodenal biopsies, and lipoprotein and amino acid studies. Severe malnutrition with edema in the two older siblings was related to marked steatorrhea and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, Alabama PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCompendium 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1147-1148KeywordsAmino acidsBiopsyDeafnessDiarrheaEdemaLipoproteinsMalnutritionNervesVagotomyVomiting Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Bone Gain in Young Adult Women
Authors: Robert R. Recker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To test whether bone mass increases in healthy nonpregnant white women during early adult life after cessation of linear growth; and to test whether various self-chosen levels of physical activity and nutrient intake or use of oral contraceptives influences this increase in bone mass.Longitudinal prospective study of up to 5 years of 156 healthy college-aged women full-time students attending professional schools in universities in the Omaha, Neb, area.University medical center.A convenience sample of healthy women students from Omaha-area professional schools. Any candidate with an illness, condition, or medication (except oral contraceptives) thought to affect general health or bone mass was excluded.None.Clinical and family histories of disease, particularly osteoporosis; oral contraceptive use; bone mineral densities of the spine, forearm, and total body by dual- and single-photon absorptiometry; estimates of nutrient intake by repeated 7-day diet diaries; and measures of physical activity using a physical activity monitor.The median gain in bone mass for the third decade of life, expressed as a percentage per decade, was 4.8% for the forearm, 5.9% for lumbar bone mineral content, 6.8% for lumbar bone mineral density, and 12.5% for total body bone mass (P < .0001 in all cases). By both bivariate and multiple regression analysis the rate of gain in bone density of the spine was negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with calcium/protein intake ratio and physical activity (multiple r = .31; P = .004). Bivariate analysis showed that use of oral contraceptives was associated with greater gain in total body bone mass (r = .31, P = .01). The estimated age when mineral acquisition ceased ranged from 28.3 years to 29.5 years at the several study sites.Gain in bone mass occurs in healthy young women during the third decade of life. Physical activity and dietary calcium intake both exert a positive effect on this bone gain. Use of oral contraceptives exerts a further independent positive effect. Changes in life-style among college-aged women, involving relatively modest increases in physical activity and calcium intake, may significantly reduce the risk of osteoporosis late in life.
Width of Clavicular Cortex in Osteoporosis
Authors: H. C. Anton
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Thinning of the upper cortex of the clavicle, measured on a standard chest radiograph, may help in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. No precise level at which osteoporosis occurs can be given, but a reading of 1·5 mm. or under is indicative of osteoporosis, while a smaller incidence is associated with readings of 2 mm. and above. There is significant correlation between thinning of the clavicular cortex and other radiological indications of osteoporosis. Thinning may occasionally point to unsuspected bone disease, in osteomalacia as well as in osteoporosis. As chest radiographs are taken in a high proportion of both outpatients and inpatients, the method has a wide applicability.
The oncornavirus glycoprotein gp69/71: a constituent of the surface of normal and malignant thymocytes.
Authors: B C Del Vellano, B Nave, B P Croker, R A Lerner, F J Dixon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

The oncornavirus related proteins associated with the surface of normal and malignant thymocytes were studied. Three virion-associated proteins (gp69/71, p45, p30) were associated with lymphoma cells from about 70% of the tumors studied. Two virion-associated proteins (gp69/71 and p45 were associated with normal thymocytes form some but not all strains of mice. In gp69/71- mice, conversion to the gp69/71+ phenotype accompanied leukemogenesis. An interesting difference in the apparent molecular size of virus related antigens of the 70,000 dalton size class was detected in lymphoma cells present in involved spleens as compared to involved thymuses. Mice infected as neonates with Scripps leukemia virus make antibody to gp69/71 and some make antibodies to molecules associated with the surface of their own tumors. The significance of the restricted presence of antigens coded for by the viral genome to the surface of some differentiated cells is discussed in reference to (a) the relationship between virion, leukemia associated, and differentiation dependent markers, and (b) the possible consequence to the host of having similar antigenic determinants on three independent structures with replicative potential (virus, normal thymocytes, and tumor cells).
On the relationship between gastrin, gastric secretion, and adjuvant arthritis in rats.
Authors: P J Rooney, W C Dick, R C Imrie, D Turner, K D Buchanan, J Ardill
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

The elevation of plasma immunoreactive gastrin known to occur during the induction of adjuvant-induced arthritis (Rooney et al., 1973) has been shown to be maximal at 7 days after injection. Gastrin administered exogenously accelerated and exacerbated the inflammatory joint disease. Some evidence has been presented that the endogenous immunoreactive gastrin had biological activity in terms of gastric acid secretion.
Why is onset of acute myocardial infarction uncommon in patients with vasospastic angina?
Authors: Kyoichi Mizuno, Shinnichi Ohkuni, Shinnya Yokoyama, Toshiyuki Kobayashi, Tadashi Yamagishi, Hirokuni Etsuda, Kimio Satomura, Koh Arakawa, Toshio Shibuya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT OF NEWLY BLINDED SOLDIERS
Authors: BERNARD L. DIAMOND, ALICE ROSS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

One hundred and fifty newly blinded soldiers were given a thorough psychiatric evaluation of their previous civilian and military background and their emotional response to their disability. Of this number, 59% were found to be well adjusted to their blindness; 18% were definitely mal-adjusted; and 23% showed mild or borderline symptoms. The criteria for an adequate adjustment in the newly blinded soldier were a complete freedom from anxiety, depression, or undesirable aggressive behavior, or other psychiatric symptoms; a realistic acceptance of their disability; an appreciation of the need to undergo orientation and rehabilitation procedures; and a definite motivation towards the reestablishment of themselves as useful and productive citizens. Maladjustment appeared in the form of anxiety symptoms, mood disturbances, aggressive behavior, excessive dependency and apathy, unrealistic attitudes, guilt reactions, and mental confusion with memory difficulty. These abnormal responses were determined by preexisting neurotic and psychopathic traits; by blindness occurring as the result of non-combat injury and disease; by partial blindness of a degree too slight to be useful; by false prognoses and incomplete understanding by the patient of his disability; by brain trauma; and in a few cases, by attitudes of relatives. Blindness, as a mental stress does not appear, of itself alone, to be capable of producing abnormal mental or emotional reactions. If additional factors, such as those mentioned, be present, then pathological mental and emotional behavior will result in most cases. Psychotherapy of the maladjusted blind soldier, through suitable orientation and rehabilitation program, coupled with individual interviews, is feasible and contributes in positive fashion to his rehabilitation prospects. The greater number of newly combat-blinded soldiers are fully capable and desirous of re-establishing their psychological and socio-economic independence. It is a duty of society to make possible the fulfillment of these desires and the exercise of their capabilities.
AMPUTATION THROUGH THE HIP-JOINT WITH A SYNOPSIS OF 267 CASES IN WHICH THE AUTHOR'S METHOD WAS EMPLOYED.
Authors: JOHN A. WYETH
Journal: JAMA (1901)

From the dawn of surgery to within a very recent period, amputation at the hip-joint has been considered one of the gravest surgical operations. In 1808 Earle<sup>1</sup>described it as "unjustifiable," and said: "I have seen it done and am now very sure that I will never do it unless it be on a dead body." In the third edition of his "Principles of Military Surgery," Hennen,<sup>2</sup>in 1829, said: "Obliged as we are, coolly to form our calculations in human blood, there is still something in the idea of removing the quarter of a man, at which the boldest mind naturally recoils. There is not one patient in a thousand that would not prefer instant death to the attempt." Even as late as 1881, Prof. John Ashhurst, Jr.,<sup>3</sup>one of the highest authorities in modern surgery, wrote: "The removal of the lower limb at the coxo-femoral
PHYSIOLOGICAL DISTURBANCES DURING EXPERIMENTAL DIPHTHERITIC INTOXICATION. II. HEPATIC GLYCO-GENESIS AND GLYCOGEN CONCENTRATION OF CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLE 1
Authors: Herman Yannet, Daniel C. Darrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1933)

In the first paper of this series (12) it was pointed out that during diphtheritic intoxication in rabbits there was evidence of liver disturbance, manifested by a marked rise in the amino-acid nitrogen which in the more severe intoxications was accompanied by a hypoglycemia.When smaller doses of toxin were injected the amino-acid nitrogen changed but little, while the blood sugar remained relatively normal or rose to hyperglycemic levels.Accompanying these changes the nonprotein nitrogen rose independently of the amino-acid nitrogen, a finding which seemed to be asso- ciated with the nephritis which could be demonstrated histologically.In order to associate, if possible, these findings of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia and normal sugar values with liver injury, the assumption was made that the two chief functions of the liver concerned with carbohydrate metabolism may be injured separately or in varying degrees.It was felt that the failure of deaminization as indicated by the elevated amino-acid nitrogen concentrations could be interpreted as a type of injury that might be associated with the failure of hepatic glyconeogenesis leading to hypoglycemia.However, if the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate material is only slightly impaired, a failure of hepatic glycogenesis would result in hyperglycemia.The following experiments were designed to study the ability of rabbits suffering from diphtheritic intoxication to store glycogen in the various tissues.The effect of intravenous injections of glucose, with and without insulin, on the liver and heart glycogen concentrations, is reported. PROCEDURE AND METHODSRabbits weighing about 1500 grams were injected intravenously with 3/4 to 1 minimal lethal dose of diphtheritic toxin.This dose caused death in from 3 to 7 davs.The rabbits were on a stock diet consisting of oats and greens until 24 hours before the injection of the toxin, when the food was removed 1 This work was aided by a grant from The Corn Products Refining Company.
Prolonged use of methyldopa in severe hypertension in pregnancy.
Authors: P. Kincaid-Smith, M. Bullen, J. Mills
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Treatment with hypotensive drugs may be imperative for the safety of the mother when manifestations such as retinal haemorrhages develop during pregnancy. Even in malignant hypertension a successful pregnancy is possible when the blood-pressure is controlled (Kincaid-Smith et al., 1958). If there is no clear-cut indication that the mother requires treat ment, interest centres around the possibility that hypotensive drugs may improve the outlook for the foetus. Presumably the foetus and the placental circulation derive the maximum benefit from treatment begun early in the pregnancy. In this paper we report our experience with the long-term use of methyldopa in hypertensive pregnant women.
Intrarenal hemodynamic abnormalities in diabetic nephropathy measured by duplex Doppler sonography
Authors: Eiji Ishimura, Yoshiki Nishizawa, Takahiko Kawagishi, Yasuhia Okuno, Kyoko Kogawa, Shinya Fukumoto, Kiyoshi Maekawa, Masayuki Hosoi, Masaaki Inaba, Masanori Emoto, Hirotoshi Morii
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Retinal development in albinism: a prospective study using optical coherence tomography in infants and young children
Authors: Helena Lee, Ravi Purohit, Viral Sheth, Eleni Papageorgiou, Gail Maconachie, Rebecca J McLean, Aarti Patel, Anastasia Pilat, Samira Anwar, Nagini Sarvanathan, Frank A Proudlock, Irene Gottlob
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
A CASE OF DOUBLE EXOPHTHALMUS.
Authors: H. BERT ELLIS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

being tired with a constant headache which in its incipiency, is generally relieved by rest and out-door life.There are many causes in and out of the school room which have a tendency to increase certain dis- eases, but our present school system increases nervous diseases with all their horrors, often worse than death,
IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM PATIENTS WITH THE DISORDER
Authors: S. CURRIE, MICHAEL SAUNDERS, M. KNOWLES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM PATIENTS WITH THE DISORDER Get access S. CURRIE, S. CURRIE Muscular Dystrophy Research Laboratories, Regional Neurological Centre and Medical Research Council, Demyelinating Diseases Research Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MICHAEL SAUNDERS, MICHAEL SAUNDERS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. KNOWLES M. KNOWLES Muscular Dystrophy Research Laboratories, Regional Neurological Centre and Medical Research Council, Demyelinating Diseases Research Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 5, 1 May 1971, Pages 400–409, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb02523.x Published: 01 May 1971 Article history Accepted: 29 December 1970 Published: 01 May 1971
Subtrochanteric Fracture of Femur
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Dr. W. H. Harris: A 12-year-old girl was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital approximately 45 minutes after having been run over by a truck. She had not lost consciousness. Her past medical history was not remarkable except for an appendectomy one year previously. She was in moderate discomfort at the time of admission.  Her blood pressure was 94/60 mm. Hg; the pulse rate was 80; and respirations were 25 per minute. There were gross swelling, ecchymosis, and tenderness in the proximal portion of the left thigh. The left lower extremity was in 90° of external rotation. The patient was unable to flex the left hip voluntarily. Peripheral pulses were intact. Examination of the abdomen showed extensive abrasions over the lower portion of the abdominal wall from the umbilicus to the pubis, with a break in the skin overlying the left anterior iliac crest. There was diffuse soreness throughout the