tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacoeconomic study of patients with chronic inflammatory joint disease before and during infliximab treatment
Authors: K Laas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To evaluate medical and work disability costs for patients with chronic inflammatory joint disease during one year before and one year after institution of infliximab treatment in routine clinical practice. <b>Methods:</b> Starting from 1999, clinical and laboratory variables for patients treated with biological agents for inflammatory rheumatic diseases were systematically recorded at Helsinki University Central Hospital. From this database clinical information was collected on 96 patients in whom infliximab was started during the period 1999 to 2001. Economic analyses were based on costs incurred because of outpatient and inpatient visits, orthopaedic operations, drugs used, and days on sickness or rehabilitation allowance. Medical and work disability costs were calculated separately for the one year period before (period I) and the one year period after institution of infliximab (period II). <b>Results:</b> Of the study group of 96 patients (arthritis duration 16 years (range 3 to 43)), 74 completed one year of infliximab treatment. Their clinical and laboratory variables improved significantly. The mean increase in medical costs during period II was €12 015 (95% confidence interval, 6496 to 18 076). A minimal decrease in work disability costs occurred—mean decrease €130 (−1268 to 1072). <b>Conclusions:</b> One year treatment with infliximab in patients with longstanding aggressive arthritis showed a good clinical effect but raised medical costs significantly. Work disability costs failed to show a substantial decrease. Starting infliximab in the earlier stages of chronic arthritis could in the long term prevent work disability and thus decrease the total cost to society.
Microencapsulated Pancreatic Islet Allografts Into Nonimmunosuppressed Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Riccardo Calafiore, Giuseppe Basta, Giovanni Luca, Angelo Lemmi, M. Pia Montanucci, Giuseppe Calabrese, Leda Racanicchi, Francesca Mancuso, Paolo Brunetti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Time-related decline of human islet allograft (TX) function in generally immunosuppressed type 1 diabetic patients (1–5) has led us, after years of preclinical study (6), to initiate a phase 1 pilot clinical trial of microencapsulated TX into 10 nonimmunosuppressed patients with type 1 diabetes, under permission and surveillance by the Italian Ministry of Health (file no. 19382, PRE 805, 5 September 2003).

### Human islet procurement

Human islets were isolated from single-donor pancreases according to the Edmonton protocol (1). Only preparations complying with standard quality control criteria (1) were considered for TX. The islets were cultured for 24 h in HAM F12 (Celbio, Milano, Italy), supplemented with antibiotics and 1.25% human albumin (Kedrion Spa, Milano, Italy) at 37°C in 95% air/CO2.

### Microencapsulation

The islets were washed and thoroughly mixed with 1.6% endotoxin- and pyrogen-free sodium alginate (Stern Italia, Milan, Italy) that had been highly purified according to U.S. Pharmacopeia. Upon extrusion …
Facteurs prédictifs de rentabilité diagnostique et thérapeutique de l'entéroscopie à double ballon chez les patients explorés pour une hémorragie digestive inexpliquée
Authors: T Maniere, M Palazzo, T Lecomte, B Landi, B Boboc, JM Canard, R Jian, C Cellier
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

La principale indication de l'entéroscopie à double ballon (EDB) est une hémorragie digestive inexpliquée (HDI) par les explorations endoscopiques standard. Les facteurs prédictifs de rentabilité diagnostique et thérapeutique ne sont pas connus.
Key Topics in Paediatrics
Authors: R J Harris
Journal: BMJ (1995)

A E M Davies, A L Billson Bios, £22, pp 335 ISBN 1 872748 58 9

The publication of Key Topics in Paediatrics is timely, coinciding as it does with the first draft of the British Paediatric Association's curriculum for paediatric training in the United Kingdom. The authors, a senior registrar and a lecturer in paediatrics, suggest that it is appropriate for MRCP (paediatric) training.

The book's format is the same as that of the other “Key Topic” publications. Topics are presented alphabetically, in an easily followed form consisting mainly of aetiology, assessment and investigation, and management. The style is simple and straightforward, and each …
Campylobacter laridis Causing Bacteremia in an Immunosuppressed Patient
Authors: IRVING NACHAMKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

An unusual species, Campylobacter laridis, belonging to the group of nalidixic acid resistant thermophilic Campylobacter species, was isolated from the blood of a 71-year-old man with multiple myeloma, hyperviscosity syndrome, and renal failure. The organism was first recognized in the laboratory by gram-stain reaction and resistance to nalidixic acid. The organism differs from C. jejuni and C. coli by its resistance to nalidixic acid, whereas anaerobic growth in the presence of trimethylamine N-oxide hydrochloride differentiates this organism from other Campylobacter species. Biochemical characterization and DNA homology studies confirmed the identity of this species as being C. laridis. To our knowledge, this is the first recorded case of bacteremia due to C. laridis in humans.
A MODIFICATION FOR DUODENAL TIPS
Authors: Edward Hollander
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In most normal persons, the duodenum can be intubated within one-half hour by the use of a properly weighted duodenal tip. The patient should be in the right Sims position, half a glass of water should be swallowed or injected through the tube, and the last 10 inches to the end mark of the tube should be swallowed slowly over a period of one-half hour. By fluoroscopic observation, the tip of the tube can be seen to advance along the antrum of the stomach and to pass directly through the pylorus into the duodenum. However, when pylorospasm, adhesions or other organic conditions about the pylorus are present, the tip enters the duodenum with difficulty. Here the tip impinges on a constricted or insufficiently relaxed pylorus, and as the tube is swallowed to the end mark, either the tip moves backward toward the cardia or else the tube coils on itself
Abstract LB-497: Primary tumor localization determines the metastatic immune profile
Authors: Romain Remark, Lucile Crozet, Audrey Lupo, Marco Alifano, Marc Riquet, Isabelle Cremer, Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean, Jeremy Goc, Bernhard Mlecnik, Aurelie Cazes, Jean-François Fléjou, Laure Gibault, Virginie Verkarre, Stéphane Oudard, Olivier Pagès, Jean-François Régnard, Catherine Sautès-Fridman, Wolf-Herman Fridman, Diane Damotte
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Primary tumor localization determines the metastatic immune profile Background Most cancer patients die from their metastatic disease and not from their primary tumor. However, little is known on the immune microenvironment of metastatic lesions and on its impact on clinical outcome. Indeed, the immune pattern of the tumor microenvironment has been recently identified as being a major prognostic factor in primary tumors. Thus, a high density of memory T cells with a Th1 and CD8 cytotoxic orientation is beneficial in many cancers. However, there are a few exceptions since CD8+ T cells have been reported to be associated with bad prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. The question of the respective roles of the tumor cell and organ microenvironment to explain these differences has not been addressed. Methods We studied the density and organization of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (CD3+, CD8+, Foxp3+, granzyme B+, NK cells and mature DCs) in retrospective cohorts of primary and lung metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC, n=124) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC, n=55) by immunohistochemistry. We investigated by qPCR the gene expression levels related to immune populations and their functions in the lung metastases from 19 CRC and 12 RCC. Biological data's were compared to clinical data's and patient's outcome. Results The cell composition (CD3+, CD4+ and Foxp3+ T cells, mature DCs and NK cells) and organization (tertiary lymphoid structures) of the immune infiltrate in metastases depend on the origin of the primary tumor. In both cases (colorectal cancer and renal cell carcinoma lung metastases), the density of CD8+ T cells and mature DCs appeared to be strongest prognosticator of patient's survival as reported for many primary tumors, but with opposite impact. High densities of mature DCs and CD8+ cells correlate with good overall survival in lung metastases of colorectal cancer and with poor survival in lung metastases of renal cell cancer. In the latter, a strong Th2 and inflammatory context was present associated with a strong Th1 polarization. Conclusions Altogether, our data demonstrate that the immune pattern depends on the tumor origin and has a major prognostic role in advanced cancer stages with an impact on patient therapeutic management. We demonstrated also the complexity of the immune response polarization and its impact upon tumor immune surveillance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-497. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-497
Comparative study of leg wound skin closure in coronary artery bypass graft operations.
Authors: G D Angelini, E G Butchart, S H Armistead, I M Breckenridge
Journal: Thorax (1984)

A prospective randomised study of four different methods of leg wound skin closure after removal of the long saphenous vein was carried out in 113 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. These methods were: (1) continuous nylon vertical mattress suture (27 patients); (2) continuous subcuticular absorbable (Dexon) suture (29 patients); (3) metal skin staples (Autosuture) (27 patients); and (4) adhesive sutureless skin closure ("Op-site") (30 patients). All wounds were examined by two independent observers at five, 10, and 45 days after operation. At five days, inflammation, extent of oedema, discharge, and infection were assessed. At 10 days attention was paid to the state of wound healing and at 45 days to the final cosmetic appearance. The use of continuous subcuticular suture resulted in significantly less discharge than did the use of metal staples, nylon vertical mattress suture, or Op-site. The incidence of established wound infection was 4.5% overall, with no infection in the wounds closed with Dexon. Assessment of the healing process showed subcuticular Dexon to be more effective than metal staples or vertical mattress nylon suture. The final cosmetic result showed continuous subcuticular suture to be superior to nylon vertical mattress suture and skin staples but as effective as Op-site sutureless skin closure.
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Armando Sardi
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We herein report successful laparoscopic adrenalectomy in two patients with primary aldosteronism. In April 1992, a 60-year-old man with a history of hypertension had a blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg. His potassium level was 2.9 mmol/L, and he had a high aldosterone level of 1800 pmol/L and a low renin level of 0.2778 ng·L<sup>-1</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a 1-cm mass of the left adrenal gland. His blood pressure was well controlled with verapamil and spironolactone. He underwent a 4.5-hour laparoscopic adrenalectomy on September 28, 1992, with no operative complications. He tolerated a regular diet at 24 hours. After antihypertensive medications were discontinued, his blood pressure was normal, and he was discharged on postoperative day 2. A 61-year-old woman had a history of mild hypertension since August 1978, which was well controlled with antihypertensive medications. In November 1989, she had a
Pulse oximeters for all
Authors: J. Feinmann
Journal: BMJ (2011)

What difference will a £160 (€186, $250) Lifebox pulse oximeter make to low resource countries where surgery is still routinely carried out without this piece of kit, regarded as essential in Western operating theatres?

“It will reduce mortality during anaesthesia,” says Merhab Apiny, anaesthetic officer at Health Centre IV in Mukono Town, one of Uganda’s fastest growing urban areas, 20 kilometres south of Kampala.

“Patients die,” she says, “because anaesthetic officers assume that spinal anaesthesia especially is safe and so may not always monitor the patient closely or notice if he or she stops breathing. But the early warning alarm on the Lifebox pulse oximeter alerts us so that we can take the necessary action.”

The BMJ ’s Christmas Appeal this year is raising money for Lifebox—which …
Selective reduction of JAK2V617F-dependent cell growth by siRNA/shRNA and its reversal by cytokines
Authors: Abire Jedidi, Caroline Marty, Charleen Oligo, Laurence Jeanson-Leh, Jean-Antoine Ribeil, Nicole Casadevall, Anne Galy, William Vainchenker, Jean-Luc Villeval
Journal: Blood (2009)
Age-Specific Incidence Rates for Dementia and Alzheimer Disease in NIA-LOAD/NCRAD and EFIGA Families
Authors: Badri N. Vardarajan, Kelley M. Faber, Thomas D. Bird, David A. Bennett, Roger Rosenberg, Bradley F. Boeve, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Alison M. Goate, Martin Farlow, Robert A. Sweet, Rafael Lantigua, Martin Z. Medrano, Ruth Ottman, Daniel J. Schaid, Tatiana M. Foroud, Richard Mayeux
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD), defined as onset of symptoms after age 65 years, is the most common form of dementia. Few reports investigate incidence rates in large family-based studies in which the participants were selected for family history of LOAD.To determine the incidence rates of dementia and LOAD in unaffected members in the National Institute on Aging Genetics Initiative for Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease/National Cell Repository for Alzheimer Disease (NIA-LOAD/NCRAD) and Estudio Familiar de Influencia Genetica en Alzheimer (EFIGA) family studies.Families with 2 or more affected siblings who had a clinical or pathological diagnosis of LOAD were recruited as a part of the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD Family Study. A cohort of Caribbean Hispanics with familial LOAD was recruited in a different study at the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain in New York and from clinics in the Dominican Republic as part of the EFIGA study.Age-specific incidence rates of LOAD were estimated in the unaffected family members in the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD and EFIGA data sets. We restricted analyses to families with follow-up and complete phenotype information, including 396 NIA-LOAD/NCRAD and 242 EFIGA families. Among the 943 at-risk family members in the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD families, 126 (13.4%) developed dementia, of whom 109 (86.5%) met criteria for LOAD. Among 683 at-risk family members in the EFIGA families, 174 (25.5%) developed dementia during the study period, of whom 145 (83.3%) had LOAD.The annual incidence rates of dementia and LOAD in the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD families per person-year were 0.03 and 0.03, respectively, in participants aged 65 to 74 years; 0.07 and 0.06, respectively, in those aged 75 to 84 years; and 0.08 and 0.07, respectively, in those 85 years or older. Incidence rates in the EFIGA families were slightly higher, at 0.03 and 0.02, 0.06 and 0.05, 0.10 and 0.08, and 0.10 and 0.07, respectively, in the same age groups. Contrasting these results with the population-based estimates, the incidence was increased by 3-fold for NIA-LOAD/NCRAD families (standardized incidence ratio, 3.44) and 2-fold among the EFIGA compared with the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD families (1.71).The incidence rates for familial dementia and LOAD in the NIA-LOAD/NCRAD and EFIGA families are significantly higher than population-based estimates. The incidence rates in all groups increase with age. The higher incidence of LOAD can be explained by segregation of Alzheimer disease-related genes in these families or shared environmental risks.
Childhood thyroid cancers rise 10-fold in the Ukraine
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A dramatic rise in the incidence of childhood thyroid cancers has been noted in the Ukraine in the years since the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster.

The nuclear accident, which occurred on 26 April 1986, involved a complete meltdown of the reactor at the Chernobyl atomic power plant An estimated 4-5.431016 becquerels (150-200 million curies) of radioactive material, including radioactive iodine, were released into the environment within the first 10 days of the accident The highest concentration of radionuclides fell over the Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia, though raised levels were found as far away as North …
568 ASCITES IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH RECURRENT HEPATITIS C IN THE ABSENCE OF ADVANCED FIBROSIS: IMPACT OF CRYOGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: S. Tripon, A. Albuquerque, C. Francoz, V. Paradis, A. Baron, H. Voitot, J. Belghiti, D. Valla, F. Durand
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Micromanaging Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Judy Lieberman, Peter Sarnow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a positive-stranded RNA flavivirus, persistently infects approximately 170 million persons worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The approval of two HCV protease inhibitors, telaprevir and boceprevir, by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011 dramatically improved therapy. These drugs are used in combination with pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin.1 Although protease inhibitors have greatly enhanced the sustained viral response rate, these inhibitors are active against only the dominant viral genotype found in North America and Europe (genotype 1), and about a third of patients with genotype 1 infection do not have sustained . . .
Targeted Inhibition of β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase-1–Associated Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Activity Preserves β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling and Prolongs Survival in Heart Failure Induced by Calsequestrin Overexpression
Authors: Cinzia Perrino, Sathyamangla V. Naga Prasad, Mrinali Patel, Matthew J. Wolf, Howard A. Rockman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Cast Nephropathy in Myeloma—Does PACAP38, a New Member of the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Family, Open a Therapeutic Window?
Authors: A. Arimura, M. Li, V. Batuman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Multiple myeloma is the sixth most common malignancy and accounts for 2% of all deaths from cancer ([1][1]). Renal damage from myeloma is an important cause of renal failure ([2][2]) with a poor prognosis. The main renal lesions are cast nephropathy characterized by cast formation in the distal
Cell-free carrier system for localized delivery of peripheral blood cell-derived engineered factor signaling: towards development of a one-step device for autologous angiogenic therapy
Authors: E. Hadjipanayi, A.T. Bauer, P. Moog, B. Salgin, H. Kuekrek, B. Fersch, U. Hopfner, T. Meissner, A. Schlüter, M. Ninkovic, H.G. Machens, A.F. Schilling
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Human TCR-gamma+/delta+, CD8+ T lymphocytes recognize tetanus toxoid in an MHC-restricted fashion.
Authors: D Kozbor, G Trinchieri, D S Monos, M Isobe, G Russo, J A Haney, C Zmijewski, C M Croce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We have analyzed the ability of human gamma+/delta+ T cells to recognize a nominal antigen in association with MHC molecules. A TT-specific T cell line with approximately 40% gamma+/delta+ T cells was established from a hyperimmunized donor, D.F., by stimulation with antigen and autologous APC. Three DF-derived gamma+/delta+ clones were CD8+ as determined by immunofluorescence staining, and by Southern and Northern blotting with probes detecting delta chain rearrangement and delta and gamma chain transcripts, respectively. The gamma+/delta+ clones responded to stimulation with TT, but not TNP-BSA, and autologous APC by proliferation and IFN-gamma production. No proliferation or IFN-gamma production was detected when TT-specific T cell clones were stimulated with either TT or autologous APC only. The response to TT was enhanced by addition of exogenous IL-2. The use of allogeneic APC from 19 donors sharing one HLA-determinant with the autologous donor D.F., showed that the gamma+/delta+ T cells responded to TT with HLA-DR4-related restriction as measured by proliferation and IFN-gamma production. These results demonstrate that gamma/delta receptors can recognize non-MHC-encoded foreign antigen in a self-MHC-restricted fashion.
FAILURE OF AMINOACETIC ACID TO INCREASE THE WORK CAPACITY OF HUMAN SUBJECTS
Authors: ERNEST Q. KING
Journal: JAMA (1942)

During the past decade aminoacetic acid has been used in the treatment of various myopathies and currently is the subject of debate relative to its value in the treatment of fatigue and in increasing endurance. Aminoacetic acid is also known as glycine and glycocoll. It is present in most of the common proteins, and by chemical analyses<sup>1</sup>one fourth of the protein, gelatin, has been shown to be aminoacetic acid. From 1927 to 1929 Brand, Harris, Sandberg and Ringer<sup>2</sup>in their search for the precursor of creatine first gave aminoacetic acid to patients with progressive muscular dystrophy. Thomas, Milhorat and Techner<sup>3</sup>in 1932 reported clinical improvement in certain patients with this disease after prolonged treatment with this amino acid. Brand and his co-workers<sup>4</sup>in their original work, and later in 1933, and Boothby<sup>5</sup>in 1934 failed to find such beneficial effect in patients with progressive
A guide to compensation for asbestos-related diseases.
Authors: M G Britton, D T Hughes, T J Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1981)

In the past few years reports of settlements relating to asbestos- induced disease have increased in frequency, and the sums of money awarded have become quite considerable.Once the possible diagnosis of an asbestos-related disease is suggested therefore, the patient wants to know whether he is eligible for compensation and the correct way of obtaining it.The purpose of this paper is to give the clinician some basic facts about compensation so that he can advise his patient correctly.It is of paramount importance, both from the clinical and the medicolegal point of view, that the term asbestosis should not be used to cover the whole spectrum of asbestos-related diseases.Asbestosis should refer solely to fibrosis of the lung.Owing to misuse of this term in the past, much misunderstanding has been caused between doctor and patient and between members of the medical profession.The manifestations of asbestos exposure (table) are well reviewed in an article by Becklake.1 Manifestations of exposure to asbestos Asbestos bodies Asbestos pleural changes Plaque formation Hyaline Calcified Pleuritic reaction (pleuritis) Pleural effusion (acute) Pleural thickening (chronic) Asbestosis (pulmonary fibrosis)
Autism spectrum disorder susceptibility gene TAOK2 affects basal dendrite formation in the neocortex
Authors: Froylan Calderon de Anda, Ana Lucia Rosario, Omer Durak, Tracy Tran, Johannes Gräff, Konstantinos Meletis, Damien Rei, Takahiro Soda, Ram Madabhushi, David D Ginty, Alex L Kolodkin, Li-Huei Tsai
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Doctors' and nurses' right to refuse to participate in abortions
Authors: G. Jarvis
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—In his letter on doctors' right to refuse to perform abortions Dennis Cox is misleading in three respects.1 Firstly, the states that in two cases the House of Lords “made clear that neither secretaries nor nurses had a legal right to refuse to participate in abortions.”1 It did not. Section 4(1) of the Abortion Act 1967 states: “no person shall be under any duty … to participate in treatment authorised by this Act to which he has a conscientious objection.” These terms include anyone (nurse, junior doctor, or anyone else) asked to participate. Cox's use …