tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemolysis by complement and cold‐reacting antibodies: Time and temperature requirements
Authors: Wendell F. Rosse, Judith Adams, Gerald Logue
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract The time and temperature requirements of certain steps involved in hemolysis of normal human red cells by cold‐reacting antibodies and normal human serum were examined by means of techniques that measure the amount of antibody and the fourth (C4), third (C3), and fifth (C5) component of complement bound to red cell membranes. For all cold‐reacting antibodies, the greatest degree of lysis was obtained in bithermic reactions with the first phase at temperatures 15° or below, and the second phase at 37°. For anti‐I antibodies, only antibody and C1 are fixed at temperatures below 15°, and the fixation of C4 and C3 to the membrane occurs during warming. C4 but not C3 is fixed at temperatures below 15° when the reaction is initiated by the Donath‐Landsteiner antibody. During warming, antibody and C 1 elute. No C4 and C3 are fixed after the temperature reaches 37° and the amount of “active” C3 diminishes rapidly with continued incubation at 37°. C5 is rapidly fixed during warming from 15° to 37° and for a short time at 37°, but the hemolytic activity of C5 is unstable. Thus these cold‐reactive antibody‐mediated complement reactions occurring on human red cells in human serum must occur during and very shortly after the warming phase. If the rate of change of temperature is prolonged during the warming phase, greater C3 fixation and hence more lysis occurs.
US Preventive Services Task Force and Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
European Researchers, Drug Companies Join Forces Against Rare Diseases
Authors: X. Bosch
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effects of Digitalis Glycosides on the Ventricular Fibrillation Threshold in Innervated and Denervated Canine Hearts
Authors: ANTHONY GEORGE, JOSEPH F. SPEAR, E. NEIL MOORE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Digitalis glycosides have been implicated in increased vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation in man. In order to investigate the genesis and occurrence of ventricular fibrillation in the presence of digitalis, the effects of both acetylstrophanthidin and ouabain on the ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were studied in the open-chest anesthetized dog. The current required to induce ventricular fibrillation was determined by passing a train of 12 constant current pulses through epicardial electrodes during the vulnerable period of the cardiac cycle. It was found that an intravenous bolus infusion of acetylstrophanthidin (0.050-0.097 mg/kg) or ouabain (0.035-0.075 mg/kg) in intact innervated dog hearts raised the VFT from 40% to 260% above control values. Continuous infusions of acetylstrophanthidin to toxic levels also resulted in an elevated VFT. Vagotomy alone did not qualitatively change the effects of acetylstrophanthidin on VFT. However, following vagotomy and stellate sympathectomy, infusions of both toxic and subtoxic doses of acetylstrophanthidin resulted in a decrease in the VFT from 40 to 80% below control values. In denervated animals in which the peripheral ramifications of the left stellate ganglion nerves were stimulated, the VFT decreased below control values in the absence of acetylstrophanthidin, but during stellate stimulation in the presence of acetylstrophanthidin the VFT was increased above control values. These studies demonstrated that the increase in VFT by digitalis in the healthy, innervated heart was mediated via an associated increase in sympathetic activity; in the absence of neural influences digitalis decreased the VFT.
Effect of supplementary food on suckling patterns and ovarian activity during lactation.
Authors: P W Howie, A S McNeilly, M J Houston, A Cook, H Boyle
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Patterns of infant feeding, basal prolactin concentrations, and ovarian activity were studied longitudinally in 27 breast-feeding mothers from delivery until first ovulation. Suckling frequency (6.1 feeds/day) and suckling duration (122 mins/day) reached peak values four weeks post partum and remained relatively constant until the introduction of supplementary food at a mean of 16 weeks post partum. There were subsequently sharp declines in both the frequency and duration of suckling, both of which correlated closely with basal prolactin concentrations. None of the 27 mothers ovulated during unsupplemented breast-feeding, but within 16 weeks of introducing supplements ovarian follicular development had returned in 20 and ovulation in 14 mothers. The mothers who ovulated within 16 weeks of giving supplements had reduced frequency and duration of suckling more quickly and weaned more abruptly than those who continued to suppress ovulation. These data suggest that the introduction of supplementary food may exert an important and hitherto unrecognised effect on the timing of first ovulation by reducing the frequency and duration of suckling episodes.
Fixed drug reactions to pseudoephedrine hydrochloride
Authors: C. Camisa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Fixed drug reactions to pseudoephedrine hydrochloride Get access C. Camisa C. Camisa Section of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44106, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 6, 1 June 1989, Pages 857–858, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01390.x Published: 01 June 1989
Quantitation of Casts in Urine Sediment
Authors: John R. Burton, John W. Rowe, Robert N. Hill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Letters1 October 1975Quantitation of Casts in Urine SedimentJOHN R. BURTON, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOHN W. ROWE, M.D., ROBERT N. HILL, M.D.JOHN R. BURTON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN W. ROWE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT N. HILL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-4-518 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe detection of casts in the urine sediment is an important clue to the presence of renal disease. Opinions vary regarding the proper urinalysis method and the effect of alterations in urine composition on the urine sediment (1-4). In an effort to improve the diagnostic value of routine urinalysis, we studied the effects of urine pH, osmolality, and centrifugation time on the number of casts. The results showed a highly significant inverse correlation between the urine pH and the number of casts seen. Variation of urinary osmolality or centrifugation time was without significant effect.The effects of urine pH, osmolality,...References1. RELMANLEVINSKI AN: Clinical examination of renal function, in Diseases of the Kidney, 2nd ed., edited by STRAUSS MB, WELT LG. Boston, Little, Brown and Company, 1971, p. 101 Google Scholar2. KERR D: Investigation of renal function in Textbook of Medicine, 13th ed., edited by BEESON PB, MCDERMOTT W. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1971, p. 1141 Google Scholar3. KARKLAWRENCEPOLLACK RJV: A Primer of Urinalysis, 2nd ed. New York, Harper and Row, 1963 Google Scholar4. LEVINSKY N: The interpretation of proteinuria and the urinary sediment, in Disease-A-Month, edited by DOWLING HF. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc. 1967 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Hospital San Diego, California 92103 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByWaxy casts in the urinary sediment of patients with different types of glomerular diseases: Results of a prospective studyPreservation of Urine for Flow Cytometric and Visual Microscopic TestingEuropean Urinalysis GuidelinesIdentification and Significance of Dysmorphic Versus Isomorphic HematuriaPrimary renal origin of hematuria: Importance of RBC casts and urinary sediment exam techniqueUrinary casts as an indicator of renal tubular damage in patients receiving aminoglycosides 1 October 1975Volume 83, Issue 4Page: 518-519KeywordsRenal diseasesUrine Issue Published: 1 October 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Surgeon never said that excimer laser should no longer be used in refractive surgery
Authors: W. Jory
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—I wish to correct the quotation about laser treatment to correct short sightedness that was attributed to me in one of the paragraphs in In Brief.1 This was taken from a reporting error in the Guardian .2 I told my interviewer that at a symposium of the American Society of Cataract and …
Cardiomythology and Marathons
Authors: Drummond Rennie, Norman K. Hollenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Two questions about long-distance running are addressed in this issue of the Journal: If people who go in for protracted, strenuous exercise have healthier cardiovascular systems, is the exercise itself responsible or are other factors, such as a different constitutional endowment? Secondly, does the exercise involved in running marathons confer immunity to death from coronary-artery disease?Whether one compares railway switchmen with railway clerks, postal carriers with postal clerks, bus conductors with their companion drivers, college athletes with their more sedentary classmates or farmers and longshoremen with the rest of the community, the active member of each pair will have . . .
The Activity of Cytochrome Oxidase Is Increased in Circulating Lymphocytes of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Asthma, and Chronic Arthritis
Authors: JAUME SAULEDA, FRANCISCO JOSÉ GARCÍA-PALMER, GERMAN GONZÁLEZ, ANDREU PALOU, ALVAR G. N. AGUSTÍ
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

We have previously shown that the activity of cytochrome oxidase (CytOx) in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was higher than in healthy control subjects. The mechanisms and implications of this observation were unclear. In particular, it was not known if this abnormality can occur also in: (1) cell types other than muscle cells, and (2) other chronic inflammatory diseases. To obtain further insight into these questions, we measured the activity of CytOx in circulating lymphocytes in patients with stable COPD (n = 17), bronchial asthma (n = 6), or chronic arthritis (n = 5), and in healthy control subjects (n = 8). We found that, compared with healthy subjects (280 ± 117 nKat/ μ g protein), patients with COPD showed increased CytOx activity (430 ± 150 nKat/ μ g protein, p = 0.01) in lymphocytes. Further, this activity was negatively related to the degree of airflow obstruction present in these patients (r = − 0.53, p < 0.05). We also found that the activity of CytOx in circulating lymphocytes was higher than normal in patients with chronic arthritis (411 ± 130 nKat/ μ g protein, p < 0.05) and, particularly, in patients with bronchial asthma (1,667 ± 1,027 nKat/ μ g protein, p < 0.001). These results show that the increased CytOx activity previously reported in skeletal muscle of patients with COPD is also detected in other cell types (such as circulating lymphocytes) and in other chronic inflammatory diseases (such as bronchial asthma and chronic arthritis). The mechanisms and implications of these findings deserve further investigation. Sauleda J, Garcı́a-Palmer FJ, González G, Palou A, Agustı́ AGN. The activity of cytochrome oxidase is increased in circulating lymphocytes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and chronic arthritis.
Vitamin C Improves Endothelial Dysfunction of Epicardial Coronary Arteries in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Ulrich Solzbach, Burkhard Hornig, Michael Jeserich, Hanjörg Just
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background There is evidence for increased formation of free radicals in patients with hypertension, raising the possibility that NO is inactivated by free radicals, which impairs coronary endothelial function. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the antioxidant vitamin C could improve abnormal endothelial function of coronary arteries in patients with hypertension. Methods and Results In 22 hypertensive patients without relevant coronary artery stenoses, endothelium-dependent vascular responses of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) to acetylcholine (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μmol/L) were determined before and immediately after intravenous infusion of 3 g vitamin C (17 patients) or placebo (5 patients). In a subgroup of 10 patients, papaverine-induced flow-dependent vasodilation (FDD) was measured before and after vitamin C (5 patients) or placebo (5 patients) infusion. Segmental responses of the coronary artery luminal area were analyzed with quantitative coronary angiography. Before vitamin C infusion, the mean changes of LAD luminal areas at increasing doses of acetylcholine were −6.1±2.2%, −15.2±4.9%, and −33.9±8.1% (negative numbers symbolize vasoconstriction) and during FDD, 5.4±1.0%. The vasoconstrictor response during acetylcholine was reduced and FDD was augmented by vitamin C. After vitamin C infusion, LAD luminal areas changed by −3.2±2.3%, −5.8±3.6%, and −10.2±5.6% ( P &lt;.05, acetylcholine) and 17.8±2.8% ( P &lt;.05, FDD). Doppler flow velocity (during baseline, acetylcholine, and FDD) was not significantly affected by vitamin C. Conclusions Vitamin C improves the endothelium-dependent vasomotor capacity of coronary arteries in patients with hypertension and patent coronary arteries. These findings suggest that increased oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive patients.
Role for p27 <sup>Kip1</sup> in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
Authors: Ji Sun, Steven O. Marx, Hong-Jun Chen, Michael Poon, Andrew R. Marks, LeRoy E. Rabbani
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Rapamycin is a potent inhibitor of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration. Rapamycin-mediated inhibition of SMC proliferation is associated with upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1). Previously, we showed that mixed embryonic fibroblasts obtained from p27(Kip1)(-/-) mice were relatively rapamycin-resistant, suggesting that p27(Kip1) plays an integral role in modulating the antiproliferative effects of rapamycin. We hypothesized that the antimigratory effect of rapamycin may also be mediated by p27(Kip1).Rapamycin (1 to 10 nmol/L) inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor-induced migration of wild-type (WT) but not p27(Kip1)(-/-) SMCs in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05) in a modified Boyden chamber. The effects of rapamycin on aortic SMC explant migration were also studied with WT, p27(+/-), and p27(-/-) mice. Rapamycin 4 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) IP for 5 days inhibited SMC migration by 90% in the WT and p27(Kip1)(+/-) (P<0.05) but not p27(Kip1)(-/-) animals.Lack of p27(Kip1) reduces rapamycin-mediated inhibition of SMC migration. These novel findings suggest a role for p27(Kip1) in the signaling pathway(s) that regulates SMC migration.
Effect of habitual knuckle cracking on hand function.
Authors: J Castellanos, D Axelrod
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

The relation of habitual knuckle cracking to osteoarthrosis with functional impairment of the hand has long been considered an old wives' tale without experimental support. The mechanical sequelae of knuckle cracking have been shown to produce the rapid release of energy in the form of sudden vibratory energy, much like the forces responsible for the destruction of hydraulic blades and ship propellers. To investigate the relation of habitual knuckle cracking to hand function 300 consecutive patients aged 45 years or above and without evidence of neuromuscular, inflammatory, or malignant disease were evaluated for the presence of habitual knuckle cracking and hand arthritis/dysfunction. The age and sex distribution of the patients (74 habitual knuckle crackers, 226 non-knuckle crackers) was similar. There was no increased preponderance of arthritis of the hand in either group; however, habitual knuckle crackers were more likely to have hand swelling and lower grip strength. Habitual knuckle cracking was associated with manual labour, biting of the nails, smoking, and drinking alcohol. It is concluded that habitual knuckle cracking results in functional hand impairment.
Mechanisms of pustule formation in cutaneous bacterial and viral infections: alterations of neutrophil membrane surface receptors
Authors: S. IMAIZUMI, K. IWATSUKI, M. YAMADA, H. TAGAMI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Changes in membrane surface receptors have been demonstrated by rosetting methods in polymorphonuclear leukocytes obtained from the pustules of different infectious dermatoses. There was a distinct difference in numbers of receptors in neutrophils from bacterial and viral pustules, i.e., C3b receptors were decreased on neutrophils from both bacterial and viral pustules, whereas IgG-Fc receptors were decreased only in neutrophils from viral pustules. The difference appears to be due to variations in the defence mechanisms against the invading micro-organisms.
Letter: Intranasal administration of synthetic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.
Authors: S Jeppsson, S Kullander, G Rannevik, J Thorell
Journal: BMJ (1973)

in a viable ipregnancy, provided that maternal efficiency remained constant.The only way to resolve these questions is to make an effort to inspect all spontaneously aborted fetuses and to record any malforma- tions found.Mothers are very willing to keep products of conception, and sihould be asked to do so if bleeding occurs early in prgenancy.Sadly their medical attendants often fail to show any interest in the fetus once it is aborted.We have received several fetuses with obvious neural tube defects that had not been medically diagnosed, or whose state had not been recorded in the notes.Before these questions are resolved there is no way of testing the hypothesis put forward by Dr. Roberts and Mrs. Lloyd.There is, however, an alternative possible
Preimplantation diagnosis is likely to increase in the Netherlands
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The first healthy child has been born in the Netherlands after preimplantation diagnosis to ensure that a serious hereditary abnormality was not passed on. Within days of the birth a scientific report recommended that the strict medical indications for carrying out the procedure in the Netherlands should be relaxed, which could lead to many more treatments.

Preimplantation diagnosis …
New therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: P J Barnes
Journal: Thorax (1998)

tiotropium bromide provides long term bronc-There have been important advances in mus-Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and hodilatation and protection against cholinergic carinic receptor pharmacology with the re-Lung Institute, challenge in asthmatic subjects with effects lastcognition of several subtypes of muscarinic Imperial College, ing for more than three days. 11In studies of receptors in airways which appear to serve London SW3 6LY, UK patients with COPD tiotropium bromide gives P J Barnes different physiological functions. 4This has sugprolonged bronchodilatation lasting over 24 gested that more selective muscarinic ant-Correspondence to: Professor P J Barnes.agonists may have advantages over the existing hours. 12 13This suggests that tiotropium brom-