tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diana Margaret Riley (née Dean)
Authors: Teresa Riley
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Innovator in perinatal mental healthDiana Riley was a key figure in obstetric liaison psychiatry and perinatal mental health.She researched and published widely over 36 years, including works for health professionals and lay readers on postnatal depression and drug addiction in pregnancy.Diana instituted one of the first mother and baby mental health units in the country, at St John's Hospital, Stone, to care for mothers with postnatal depression without separating them from their babies-a revolutionary idea at the time.She established and supervised psychotherapy groups for mothers with postnatal depression in Buckinghamshire, and developed expertise in drug addiction in pregnancy while working and teaching at University College Hospital, London.She was also a prime mover in one of the earliest dedicated pre-senile dementia units in the country, leading a multidisciplinary team at St John's Hospital, Stone.Brought up in a deprived area of London, Diana was influenced by seeing people unable to afford proper medical treatment.Her conviction that one must add to the sum of human health and happiness informed her work and her relationships with family, friends, and the wider community.After qualifying and marrying, she was a locum in general practice during 1956-60, producing a child a year.She cared for the families of the Royal Air Force at RAF Halton
JAMA Pediatrics Hospital Medicine Theme Issue
Authors: Ron Keren, Samir S. Shah
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Putting On and Removing Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Rafael Ortega, Nahid Bhadelia, Osamede Obanor, Kyle Cyr, Priscilla Yu, Maureen McMahon, Dahlia Gotzmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Personal protective equipment is used when there is a risk of exposure to infectious material, to protect the skin and mucous membranes from exposure to pathogens. This video demonstrates how to put on and how to remove PPE.
PREVENTION OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS BY TREATING MOTHER DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: JOSEPH S. LAWRENCE
Journal: JAMA (1925)

One of the most hopeful achievements of modern antisyphilitic therapy is the birth of children free from the infection of their mother. Statistical reports confirming this statement have been published repeatedly by physicians, both from their private practices and from hospital wards. Some data on the results obtained by treating women during the child-bearing period, recently collected from eighteen municipal clinics of this state, are offered as evidence of the great benefits to be derived from careful treatment of ambulant patients at public clinics or dispensaries.  These clinics, with few exceptions, are not associated with hospitals, but are municipally supported and operate under the direction of the city health officer. Only indigent ambulant patients are treated, a majority of whom have been referred to the clinic by physicians and visiting nurses. Until recently, no especial efforts were made to bring under treatment syphilitic pregnant women; hence, comparatively few such records
Cysteine eliminates the feeder cell requirement for cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms in vitro.
Authors: M Duszenko, M A Ferguson, G S Lamont, M R Rifkin, G A Cross
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

In all previous studies, bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei could be grown in vitro only when supported by a feeder layer of mammalian fibroblasts. We have axenically cultivated bloodstream T. brucei by adding L-cysteine at regular intervals and appropriate concentrations. The optimum cysteine concentration depends on cell density and is close to physiological serum levels. At concentrations greater than 24 mg/liter (2 X 10(-4) M), cysteine was acutely toxic to trypanosome concentrations of 3 X 10(7)/ml. Toxicity was prevented by addition of pyruvate or catalase, which neutralize H2O2 produced by cysteine autoxidation. In uptake studies using [35S]cysteine and [35S]cystine, T. brucei efficiently incorporated only cysteine. The Km for cysteine uptake was 4 X 10(-4) M. Cystine supported axenic growth if low concentrations of 2-mercaptoethanol were added at regular intervals.
Research bodies lobby EU governments over trials legislation
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Research organisations across Europe are joining forces to lobby their national authorities to ensure that EU legislation on clinical trials will be implemented as flexibly as possible when it comes into force next May. The move arises from fears that the terms of the directive, which is aimed at increasing protection for the participants of trials and harmonising regulations across Europe, could seriously reduce the scope for non-commercial trials.

With the help of the European Forum for Good Clinical Practice, representatives from the Institut National de la Sante et de la …
BBB and H-V prolongation.
Authors: J M Aranda, B Befeler, A Castellanos
Journal: Circulation (1976)

mitral valve was noted in as many as 30 of 95 male patients with coronary heart disease.Systolic clicks were not heard in any of the cases studied.The finding of such a high percentage of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in coronary heart disease is contrary to most published series on the systolic click-murmur syndrome (SCMS) where coronary angiography was invariably normal.'The reason for this discrepancy lies in the fact that Dr. Aranda's paper deals with papillary muscle dysfunction associated with coronary heart disease.On the other hand, the SCMS per se is a totally different entity in which the coronary vessels are usually normal and the MVP is subsequent to pathology involving the mitral valve apparatus or stems from left ventricular dysfunction.We have followed up two patients with the SCMS and coronary heart disease demonstrated on angiography.Both were successfully operated (double and triple coronary bypass) with clinical and ergo- metric evidence of improved coronary supply.However, in both patients prolapse of the mitral valve persisted as did the atypical chest pains and palpitations associated with the SCMS.In view of this, and in view of our findings in the study of the SCMS before and after beta-blockade,2 we are of the opinion that in the SCMS the coronary arteries are invariably normal.In cases where both conditions coexist, we believe that we are dealing with double patho- logical entities rather than etiologically related conditions.In the 30 male patients reported by the authors, the prolapse is part of the ischemic papillary muscle dysfunction complex and should be differentiated from the SCMS per se which is more common in females in whom typical anginal pains are lacking, coronary vessels are usually normal, systolic clicks are often present, the ST-T changes are not ischemic in nature,2 and in whom the myocardial lactate abnormalities were thought not to result from ischemia.3Hence, one must differentiate between the SCMS and MVP secon- dary to ischemic papillary muscle dysfunction.The beta-blockade test may be of help in this context.
Mef2C is a lineage-restricted target of Scl/Tal1 and regulates megakaryopoiesis and B-cell homeostasis
Authors: Christos Gekas, Katrin E. Rhodes, Laurraine M. Gereige, Hildur Helgadottir, Roberto Ferrari, Siavash K. Kurdistani, Encarnación Montecino-Rodriguez, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Eric Olson, Andrei V. Krivtsov, Scott Armstrong, Stuart H. Orkin, Matteo Pellegrini, Hanna K. A. Mikkola
Journal: Blood (2009)
REDUCTION OF MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN CHILDBIRTH
Authors: J. M. H. ROWLAND
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Statistics show that the mortality among child-bearing women generally greatly exceeds that shown in the practice of careful and competent men or that recorded by well supervised clinics. Childbirth is so common a phenomenon and is experienced by so many without mortality or apparent morbidity that the lay public is always surprised when cautioned concerning the dangers (immediate or remote) of childbirth; and those of a lesser degree of intelligence, or with a lessened sense of responsibility, have been apt to look on the physician warning them as an alarmist, and have paid less attention to his warning than was consistent with safety. While this condition is passing to some extent among thinking people, it is unfortunately true that the majority of the public do not belong to this class and need to have brought to them in some way the hazards of child bearing in neglected cases, and the
Decisions about cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: D Florin
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Involving patients in decisions about their care is morally, legally, and clinically desirable, whatever their age. The use of do not resuscitate orders, when a decision is made not to give a patient cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is common. In the United States patient consent is a universal requirement for do not resuscitate orders and is enshrined in hospital policies and state law. in Britain this approach is resisted on the grounds that it replaces the humane tradition of medical care with a formulaic adherence to policy.1 But the ethical principle of respect for patients' autonomy and the practical objective of benefiting patients with minimal harm necessitate involving patients in these decisions.2

We need to establish humane, valid, and reliable ways of ascertaining patients' views. Only when discussing do not resuscitate orders would harm patients, or when cardiopulmonary resuscitation would be futile, should competent patients not be consulted. Three papers in this week's journal concern the withholding of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Hill et al and Morgan et al have surveyed doctors' and patients' views on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p 1677,3 p 16774); Doyal and Wilsher discuss the moral and legal implications …
Plasmacytoma of Bronchus Treated by Radical Radiotherapy-A Rare Case with Four and a Half Years Follow up
Authors: K.P. Haresh, D.N. Sharma, R Prabhakar, K.K. Naik, A A.S.R. Mannan, P.K. Julka, G.K. Rath
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Gas6/Axl pathway is activated in chronic liver disease and its targeting reduces fibrosis via hepatic stellate cell inactivation
Authors: Cristina Bárcena, Milica Stefanovic, Anna Tutusaus, Leonel Joannas, Anghara Menéndez, Carmen García-Ruiz, Pau Sancho-Bru, Montserrat Marí, Joan Caballeria, Carla V. Rothlin, José C. Fernández-Checa, Pablo García de Frutos, Albert Morales
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)

Background & AimsLiver fibrosis, an important health concern associated to chronic liver injury that provides a permissive environment for cancer development, is characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix components mainly derived from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligand Gas6, are involved in cell differentiation, immune response and carcinogenesis.MethodsHSCs were obtained from WT and Axl−/− mice, treated with recombinant Gas6 protein (rGas6), Axl siRNAs or the Axl inhibitor BGB324, and analyzed by western blot and real-time PCR. Experimental fibrosis was studied in CCl4-treated WT and Axl−/− mice, and in combination with Axl inhibitor. Gas6 and Axl serum levels were measured in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients.ResultsIn primary mouse HSCs, Gas6 and Axl levels paralleled HSC activation. rGas6 phosphorylated Axl and AKT prior to HSC phenotypic changes, while Axl siRNA silencing reduced HSC activation. Moreover, BGB324 blocked Axl/AKT phosphorylation and diminished HSC activation. In addition, Axl−/− mice displayed decreased HSC activation in vitro and liver fibrogenesis after chronic damage by CCl4 administration. Similarly, BGB324 reduced collagen deposition and CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Importantly, Gas6 and Axl serum levels increased in ALD and HCV patients, inversely correlating with liver functionality.ConclusionsThe Gas6/Axl axis is required for full HSC activation. Gas6 and Axl serum levels increase in parallel to chronic liver disease progression. Axl targeting may be a therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis management.
Dondersian dreams in brain-mappers' minds, or, still no cross-fertilization between mind mappers and cognitive modelers?
Authors: Arthur M. Jacobs, Frank R&ouml;sler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pulverm&amp;uuml;ller identifies two major flaws of the subtraction method of neuroimaging studies and proposes remedies. We argue that these remedies are themselves flawed and that the cognitive science community badly needs to take initial steps toward a cross-fertilization between mind mappers and cognitive modelers. Such steps could include the development of computational task models that transparently and falsifiably link the input (stimuli) and output (changes in blood flow or brain waves) of neuroimaging studies to changes in information processing activity that is the stuff of cognitive models.
EVALUATION OF STANDARD ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY IN THREE HUNDRED NINETEEN PATIENTS
Authors: Melvin D. Yahr
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Reports concerning drug therapy of patients with convulsive disorders deal for the most part with the results of newer anticonvulsant agents. Each new anticonvulsant is introduced with claims of various improvements over its predecessor. These claims of improvements vary from better control of a particular type of seizure to greater over-all control of all seizures and at times decreased toxic manifestations. The initial enthusiasm is often modified as long-term administration of the drug to large groups of patients allows the many variable factors inherent in this illness, as well as the limitations of the drug itself, to become apparent. Though this fact is recognized, there are few reports in the literature that give the results of prolonged therapy in a large number of cases. Bromides, which have been used for almost 100 years, have been the subject of only a few reports that give results of long-term administration to a
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Stefano Bonapace, Gianluca Perseghin, Giulio Molon, Guido Canali, Lorenzo Bertolini, Giacomo Zoppini, Enrico Barbieri, Giovanni Targher
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Data on cardiac function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited and conflicting. We assessed whether NAFLD is associated with abnormalities in cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes.We studied 50 consecutive type 2 diabetic individuals without a history of ischemic heart disease, hepatic diseases, or excessive alcohol consumption, in whom NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. A tissue Doppler echocardiography with myocardial strain measurement was performed in all patients.Thirty-two patients (64%) had NAFLD, and when compared with the other 18 patients, age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, smoking, diabetes duration, microvascular complication status, and medication use were not significantly different. In addition, the left ventricular (LV) mass and volumes, ejection fraction, systemic vascular resistance, arterial elasticity, and compliance were also not different. NAFLD patients had lower e' (8.2 ± 1.5 vs. 9.9 ± 1.9 cm/s, P < 0.005) tissue velocity, higher E-to-e' ratio (7.90 ± 1.3 vs. 5.59 ± 1.1, P < 0.0001), a higher time constant of isovolumic relaxation (43.1 ± 10.1 vs. 33.2 ± 12.9 ms, P < 0.01), higher LV-end diastolic pressure (EDP) (16.5 ± 1.1 vs. 15.1 ± 1.0 mmHg, P < 0.0001), and higher LV EDP/end diastolic volume (0.20 ± 0.03 vs. 0.18 ± 0.02 mmHg, P < 0.05) than those without steatosis. Among the measurements of LV global longitudinal strain and strain rate, those with NAFLD also had higher E/global longitudinal diastolic strain rate during the early phase of diastole (E/SR(E)). All of these differences remained significant after adjustment for hypertension and other cardiometabolic risk factors.Our data show that in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD, even if the LV morphology and systolic function are preserved, early features of LV diastolic dysfunction may be detected.
Overexpression of p2l<sup>Waf1/Cip1</sup>immunohistochemical staining in Bowen's disease, but not in disseminated superficial porokeratosis
Authors: None Kawakami, None Saito, None Takahashi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Disseminated superficial porokeratosis (DSP) consists of multiple small lesions of porokeratosis. Although the pathogenesis of DSP remains unclear, localized cloning of abnormal epidermis has been hypothesized. Malignant cutaneous neoplasms, especially Bowen's disease, have been frequently reported in DSP. Immunopositive p53 has been demonstrated in a variety of human malignant tumours, and its role in oncogenesis and tumour progression is thought to be important. p21Waf1/Cip1 is thought to mediate the signal of p53 induced by DNA damaging agents to arrest the cell cycle. To clarify the role of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 in Bowen's disease and DSP, we analysed 12 cases of Bowen's disease and eight cases of DSP by immunohistochemistry. In five of the 12 Bowen's disease patients and two of the eight DSP patients, positive p53 staining was detected. In contrast, whereas p21Waf1/Cip1 overexpression was detected in all Bowen's disease patients, it was not seen in DSP. The present data suggest that p53 immunostaining provides relevant information concerning the pathogenesis of Bowen's disease and DSP. Furthermore, high p21Waf1/Cip1 expression appears to be a useful indicator of tumour activity in Bowen's disease.
Atypical Multidrug Resistance: Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Messenger RNA Expression in Mitoxantrone-Selected Cell Lines
Authors: D. D. Ross, W. Yang, L. V. Abruzzo, W. S. Dalton, E. Schneider, H. Lage, M. Dietel, L. Greenberger, S. P. C. Cole, L. A. Doyle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

BACKGROUND: Human cancer cell lines grown in the presence of the cytotoxic agent mitoxantrone frequently develop resistance associated with a reduction in intracellular drug accumulation without increased expression of the known drug resistance transporters P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance protein (also known as multidrug resistance-associated protein). Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a recently described adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter associated with resistance to mitoxantrone and anthracyclines. This study was undertaken to test the prevalence of BCRP overexpression in cell lines selected for growth in the presence of mitoxantrone. METHODS: Total cellular RNA or poly A + RNA and genomic DNA were isolated from parental and drug-selected cell lines. Expression of BCRP messenger RNA (mRNA) and amplification of the BCRP gene were analyzed by northern and Southern blot hybridization, respectively. RESULTS: A variety of drug-resistant human cancer cell lines derived by selection with mitoxantrone markedly overexpressed BCRP mRNA; these cell lines included sublines of human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), colon carcinoma(S1 and HT29), gastric carcinoma (EPG85-257), fibrosarcoma (EPF86-079),and myeloma (8226) origins. Analysis of genomic DNA from BCRP-overexpressing MCF-7/MX cells demonstrated that the BCRP gene was also amplified in these cells. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of BCRP mRNA is frequently observed in multidrug-resistant cell lines selected with mitoxantrone, suggesting that BCRP is likely to be a major cellular defense mechanism elicited in response to exposure to this drug. It is likely that BCRP is the putative "mitoxantrone transporter" hypothesized to be present in these cell lines.
Endoscopic Papillotomy for Choledocholithiasis
Authors: David S. Zimmon, David B. Falkenstein, Richard E. Kessler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

ENDOSCOPIC retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been widely accepted as a diagnostic tool in pancreatic and biliary-tract disease.1 2 3 The ability to define ductal anatomy and pathology and to pass instruments through the endoscope into the biliary tree has stimulated the development of technics for endoscopic biliary-tract surgical procedures.4 5 6 7 8 The patient with choledocholithiasis described below was treated with endoscopic electrosurgical papillotomy. Case Report A 46-year-old man was admitted to the Manhattan Veterans Administration Hospital with right-upper-quadrant abdominal pain of five days' duration. He had had multiple previous hospitalizations for recurrent acute pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer and delirium tremens. Physical examination revealed a thin man . . .
Sex differences in the risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: N. I. Parikh
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The accelerated risk at menopause may not be as clear as previously thought

Long before the landmark Women’s Health Initiative clinical trial studied the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women, several questions framed the debate about whether menopause truly represented a period of equalisation between women and men in the risk of cardiovascular disease.1 2 Was menopause a pathophysiological turning point for women, or was the acceleration in risk due to natural ageing processes, independent of the hormonal effects of menopause? Recent studies have asked whether cardiovascular disease risk factors lead to menopause rather than the other way around.3 Still, the overarching question remains: if a sex gap exists in the risk of cardiovascular disease, how can we use our understanding of what drives this difference to take better care of our patients and ultimately to close the divide?

The linked study by Vaidya and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.d5170) substantially extends our understanding of the epidemiology of sex differences in death from ischaemic …