tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitamin supplements do not reduce incidence of cancer or heart disease
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The evidence that vitamin supplements are useful in preventing cancer or heart disease is not conclusive, the US Preventive Services Task Force, an influential US government advisory panel, has said.

Moreover, β carotene supplementation may do more harm than good in patients with lung cancer, the panel found ( Annals of Internal Medicine 2003;139:51-5).

A separate meta-analysis reported by researchers at Oregon Health and Science University who are affiliated with the Preventive Services Task Force also found no evidence that vitamins are useful in preventing cardiovascular disease ( Annals of Internal Medicine 2003;139:56-70).

In reaching these findings the task force researchers searched medical reports from 1966 to September 2001, using the Cochrane controlled trials register and …
Influence of the Novel Inotropic Agent Levosimendan on Isometric Tension and Calcium Cycling in Failing Human Myocardium
Authors: Gerd Hasenfuss, Burkert Pieske, Maria Castell, Bodo Kretschmann, Lars S. Maier, Hanjörg Just
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Levosimendan was shown to increase calcium sensitivity by a novel mechanism and to inhibit phosphodiesterase III activity in animal myocardium. Methods and Results —We investigated the influence of levosimendan on isometric contractions and calcium transients (aequorin method) in muscle strips from human hearts with end-stage failing dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy (n=27). Data were compared with the effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone (n=9). The average maximum increase in twitch tension was 47±14% (range, 6% to 150%) at a levosimendan concentration of 0.8±0.3 μmol/L ( P &lt;0.01). This was associated with significant increases in maximum rates of tension rise and fall and decreases in times to peak tension, to 50% relaxation, and to 95% relaxation. In aequorin-loaded muscles, levosimendan 10 −6 mol/L increased average tension by 50% ( P &lt;0.02), associated with a nonsignificant increase in aequorin light (16%). With milrinone 10 −5 mol/L, average tension increased by 58% and aequorin light by 49% ( P &lt;0.05). In those muscle strips with pronounced inotropic effects (&gt;50% increase in tension), there was a comparable and pronounced increase in aequorin light with both agents. However, in muscle strips with weak inotropic responses (&lt;50% increase in tension), the increase in light was significantly higher with milrinone than with levosimendan. Conclusions —Levosimendan has inotropic and lusitropic actions in failing human myocardium. Comparison with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone indicates that in case of pronounced inotropic stimulation, the modes of action of the two agents may be similar (phosphodiesterase inhibition), whereas small inotropic effects of levosimendan may result predominantly from calcium sensitization.
Stump pemphigoid: a new complication of the amputee.
Authors: G D Reilly, A J Boulton, C I Harrington
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Stump pemphigoid: a new complication of the amputee Skin problems affecting the stump of the leg amputee are common, and diabetic patients have additional factors which may cause complications during rehabilitation.We report a case of a diabetic amputee who developed a previously unreported skin complication-localised bullous pemphigoid. Case reportA 66 year old man presented to his general practitioner with a three month history of an infected ulcer on the great toe of the right foot.This developed without blistering and was consistent with the ulceration classically seen in the diabetic foot.He was noted to have glycosuria on routine urine examina- tion, and the blood glucose concentration was 22 mmol/l (400 mg/100 ml).He was started on a carbohydrate restricted diet and referred to hospital as the ulcer failed to heal.Examination showed a deep ulcer on the great toe with spread to the underlying bone.There were no pulses palpable below the right femoral artery but he had no evidence of peripheral neuropathy.Ultrasound investi-
Topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for tumour-stage mycosis fungoides
Authors: T. Markham, K. Sheahan, P. Collins
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Topical 5‐aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for tumour‐stage mycosis fungoides Get access T. Markham, T. Markham City of Dublin Skin and Cancer Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland. *Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland Dr Trevor Markham, Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary and Victoria Hospital, Old Blackrock Road, Cork, Ireland E‐mail: trevormarkham@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Sheahan, K. Sheahan City of Dublin Skin and Cancer Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland. *Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Collins P. Collins City of Dublin Skin and Cancer Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland. *Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 6, 1 June 2001, Pages 1262–1263, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04245.x Published: 01 June 2001
Abstract 2933: Inhibition of MAPK signaling prevents Fra-1-mediated CD44 expression in human brain tumor cells
Authors: Selina A. Beasley, Timothy A. Raines, Patrick M. Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV brain tumor that exhibits a high growth rate and the capacity to invade surrounding tissue. The invasive capacity displayed by GBM cells is a major reason patients diagnosed with GBMs have poor prognosis. Currently, there are few effective treatment options for GBM. The invasive capacity of GBM cells has been associated with CD44, a transmsmbrane glycoprotein. CD44 is a cell surface receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) which is a major component of the extracellular matrix that comprises the brain. Recent studies demonstrate that CD44 expression has been associated with fos related antigen 1 (Fra-1) an AP-1 transcription factor in GBM. Specifically, our lab has shown that reducing Fra-1 protein levels with siRNA results in decreased amounts of CD44 protein. To better understand Fra-1 regulation of CD44 we examined the signaling mechanisms that mediate Fra-1-regulated CD44 expression. Several human GBM cell lines (U-251 MG, U-1242 MG, and A-172) were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF 20ng/ml) at various time points to determine the role of EGF stimulation on Fra-1 and CD44 protein expression. In addition to EGF cells were treated with inhibitors to four known signaling pathways: PI3 kinase (LY 294002, 20µM); mTOR (rapamycin, 25nM); Jun kinase (SB203580, 20 µM); and MAP kinase (U-0126, 20µM) to determine whether these pathways mediate Fra-1-regulated CD44 expression. Western blot analysis was used to determine the level of protein expression of Fra-1 and CD44 following inhibitor treatment. Inhibition of the MAPK pathway demonstrated a significant decrease in Fra-1 and CD44 protein levels while inhibition of the AKT and mTOR signaling pathways respectively, exhibit less regulation of Fra-1 and CD44 levels. In addition to determining the regulation of Fra-1 and CD44 protein expression we also assayed the mRNA levels of Fra-1 and CD44 following inhibitor treatment. Fra-1 and CD44 mRNA levels decreased following U-0126 treatment, correlating the decrease of mRNA levels with the decrease of protein expression described previously. Taken together these data suggest that the MAP kinase pathway is responsible for regulating Fra-1-mediated CD44 mRNA and protein expression in malignant brain tumor cell lines. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2933. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2933
Genome-wide homozygosity signatures and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk
Authors: Fay J. Hosking, Elli Papaemmanuil, Eammon Sheridan, Sally E. Kinsey, Tracy Lightfoot, Eve Roman, Julie A. E. Irving, James M. Allan, Malcolm Taylor, Ian P. Tomlinson, Mel Greaves, Richard S. Houlston
Journal: Blood (2010)
Macrophage- and Dendritic-Cell-Derived Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Supports Homeostasis of Distinct CD8+ T Cell Subsets
Authors: Erwan Mortier, Rommel Advincula, Leesun Kim, Stephen Chmura, Julio Barrera, Boris Reizis, Barbara A. Malynn, Averil Ma
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Secondary solid cancers after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation using busulfan-cyclophosphamide conditioning
Authors: Navneet S. Majhail, Ruta Brazauskas, J. Douglas Rizzo, Ronald M. Sobecks, Zhiwei Wang, Mary M. Horowitz, Brian Bolwell, John R. Wingard, Gerard Socie
Journal: Blood (2010)
Adenoma of the Sigmoid Colon
Authors: H Matsumoto, M Miyata
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Adenoma of the Sigmoid Colon. A screening barium enema in a 78-year-old man with a positive test for fecal occult blood showed a flat round mass with a surrounding hump (Panel A, arrows). Panel B is an endoscopic view of the lesion. Sigmoidectomy was performed without complication. The resected fresh specimen, which measured 3.8 by 2.4 cm, is shown in Panel C. Panel D shows the longitudinal cut surface of the lesion (hematoxylin-eosin stain). No carcinomatous focus was found. The patient is well two years after surgery.
Abstract 1642: Rare missense variants in <i>MAP3K14</i> and <i>ARHGAP27</i> in men with hereditary prostate cancer
Authors: Miriam B. Ishak, Anna M. Ray, Christiane M. Robbins, Waibhav D. Tembe, John D. Carpten, Ethan M. Lange, William B. Isaacs, Kathleen A. Cooney
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Linkage studies have consistently identified the 17q21-22 chromosomal region to be important in hereditary prostate cancer, although no known causal variant has yet been identified. Three genes in this region are potential candidates based on known function as well as location in our region of interest. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 (MAP3k14) encodes a serine-threonine protein kinase that stimulates NF-κβ activity. The ARHGAP27 gene codes for a Rho-like small GTPase-activating protein and RND2 is part of the Rho GTPase family implicated in endosomal trafficking. Methods: All exons within the 17q21-22 chromosomal region were interrogated in 94 probands from hereditary prostate cancer families and linkage to the 17q21-22 region. Participants were from the University of Michigan Prostate Cancer Genetics Project and Johns Hopkins University. Enrichment was performed using the RainDance Technology following an emulsion PCR protocol. Sequencing was performed on the ABI SOLiD platform. Confirmation of mutation status among family members (both affected and unaffected) was performed using Sanger sequencing. Results: No deleterious truncating mutations were detected in the three candidate genes. Although missense variants were not observed in RND2, five missense variants were identified in the MAP3k14 and ARHGAP27 genes. Four of the five variants are novel (not described in dbSNP) and four out of the five variants are predicted to be damaging on protein function by SIFT and/or PolyPhen. Several of these variants demonstrated evidence of cosegregation within families based on sequencing of family members. Conclusions: We have identified five missense variants in MAP3k14 and ARHGAP27 in men with hereditary prostate cancer. Further research is ongoing in the laboratory to determine the frequency of these variants in a large prostate cancer case-control study. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1642. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1642
Innovations in Ambulatory-Care Education
Authors: Kenneth I. Shine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

There is a widening consensus that ambulatory care must play a far greater part in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. The GPEP Report noted that "Although fewer than five percent of all physician/patient contacts result in hospitalization clinical clerkships are predominantly based on hospital inpatient services."1 The report indicated the need for outpatient and community educational settings.In this issue of the Journal, Rieselbach and Jackson2 and Perkoff3 cogently summarize the factors that increasingly limit the role of inpatient care as a means for satisfactory medical education. Expanding techniques for diagnosis and therapy in the ambulatory setting result in . . .
Misleading Imaging Results in the Diagnosis of Parathyroid Cysts
Authors: C RODGER HUGHES, BEDII KANMAZ, ALI T. ISITMAN, GUR AKANSEL, THOMAS LAWSON, B DAVID COLLIER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Enlarged cystic parathyroid glands, whether hyperfunctioning or nonfunctioning, are rare and their accurate preoperative diagnosis is a difficult task. The authors report two cases of patients with cystic neck masses studied by TI-201-Tc-99m pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy, computerized tomography, and ultrasonography. The diagnostic consensus of preoperative studies was that these lesions were thyroid nodules or parathyroid adenomas. Surgical removal and histopathologic examination of these masses revealed a cystic parathyroid gland and a cystic parathyroid adenoma, respectively. When a fluid-filled lesion in the neck deep to the lower pole of the thyroid gland is encountered, the possibility of a parathyroid cyst should be considered so that further diagnostic tests can be properly performed.
Patient with new strain of coronavirus is treated in intensive care at London hospital
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Bronchiectasis (BE) is associated with PiZ phenotypes of AATD. An association with non-PiZ phenotypes (SS, MS, MZ) is less certain. We wished to conduct a case-control study of BE prevalence among SS, MS and MZ genotypes vs. usual COPD. 16 subjects with non-PiZ phenotypes (NZ) (3 SS, 8 MS, 5 MZ) from community COPD screening for AATD had undergone chest CT scans. They were compared with 16 age, sex and FEV<sub>1</sub> matched COPD patients with AAT levels&amp;lt;1.15g/L but MM genotype (MM) and 16 similarly matched COPD patients with serum AAT levels≥1.15g/L and not genotyped (NG). Spirometry, lung volumes and diffusing capacity (D<sub>Lco</sub>) were measured within 5.9±5.2SD months of imaging. CT scans were read for BE using a visual grading system. Lung emphysema on CT scan was determined using <i>Airway Inspector</i> (www.airwayinspector.org) to measure lung %area&amp;lt;-950HU (LAA%). Group differences between continuous variables were determined with ANOVA and proportions with z-statistic. Gender was M30:F18, age 70±18 years (mean±SD), smoking history 47±26 pack-years, FEV<sub>1</sub> 68±23 %predicted and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC 55±13 % in the 48 subjects. Serum AAT levels were NZ 0.89±0.01SE g/L, MM 0.90±0.05 and NG 1.59±0.07. BE on CT scan occurred in 13/16 NZ (3/3 SS, 6/8 MS, 4/5 MZ), 4/16 MM (p=0.00071) and 5/16 NG (p=0.00219). Groups were similar for spirometry, lung volumes and D<sub>Lco</sub>. LAA% did not differ between groups (NZ 12.3±3.7SE, MM 12.0±2.7, NG 11.0±3.2, p=0.97). In this small group of COPD patients, BE was present more often in non-PiZ phenotype AATD subjects than MM genotype subjects, or COPD subjects with normal serum AAT levels. This may be a novel observation requiring confirmation in larger populations.
THIAZIDE DIURETICS IN TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY
Authors: N. S. Assali
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In the June 11 issue of the<i>British Medical Journal</i>, page 1807, appeared a report by Drs. John Watt and Elliot E. Philipp of five cases of intrauterine fetal death which occurred in patients with toxemia of pregnancy who were taking chlorothiazide. These authors implied in their communication that these fetal deaths were related to the use of the oral diuretics. In his comments regarding the above communication, published in the July 9 issue of the same journal on page 148, Dr. R. T. Sears stated that, while diuretics remove some of the manifestations of the disease, they do not attack directly its cause. He further stated that the intrauterine deaths may have been caused by the placental changes which occur in toxemia and may have had no relation to the use of diuretics. Because of the many inquiries which have been made regarding these controversial communications, it seems desirable
Abstract 2875: Meta-iodo-benzylguanidine (MIBG) is a MYCN/MYC destabilizer that specifically targets neural crest derived tumors
Authors: Stephanie Wang, Nolan Maloney, Ruth Hsiao, Mariko Limpar, Naohiko Ikegaki, Xao X. Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Melanoma and malignant pheochromocytoma are known for high MYC expression. MYCN amplification and its over-expression are associated with the worst neuroblastoma disease outcome. Meta-iodo-benzylguanidine (MIBG) is a norepinephrine analogue and a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor. 131I-MIBG has been used for scintigraphic detection of neural crest derived tumors (neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma and melanoma) that specifically uptake MIBG by norepinephrine transporters (NET). 131I-MIBG is also used for targeted radiotherapy of neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. Non-radiolabeled MIBG had been reported to be cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanism of its growth suppressive effect was not elucidated. Our previous studies showed that FCCP, a well-known mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, destabilized MYCN and MYC in neuroblastoma cells and caused growth suppression. In this study we confirmed that MIBG suppressed growth of neuroblastoma cell lines (SKNBE(2)C, IMR5, Nb69, and SKNAS), and its growth suppressive effect in each cell line correlated with NET expression in these cells. In addition, MIBG suppressed growth of neuroblastoma stem cells derived from SKNBE(2)C. MIBG treatment of SKNBE(2)C and SKNAS resulted in an increase expression of growth suppressive gene (GADD45B) and genes encoding for biomarkers of favorable neuroblastoma (CD44, EPHB6, EFNB2, EFNB3, NTRK1). Treatment of MYCN amplified (SKNBE(2)C, IMR5) and non-MYCN amplified (Nb69, SKNAS) neuroblastoma cells with MIBG resulted in marked reduction of MYCN and MYC expression, respectively in dose and time dependent fashions. Collectively, our studies suggest that MIBG not only targets neural crest derived tumors, but also is a MYCN/MYC destabilizing agent. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2875. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2875
Treatment of pulmonary embolism with streptokinase. A preliminary report
Authors: G. A. H. Miller, R. V. Gibson, M. Honey, G. C. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Nine patients with arteriographically proved pulmonary embolism have been treated by a 36-hour infusion of streptokinase. Satisfactory haemodynamic and arteriographic resolution was obtained in four patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism and in two with recent minor embolism. Little or no haemodynamic or arteriographic improvement was obtained in three patients with pulmonary thromboembolic disease of longer duration.
Comparison of the Effect of the β<sub>1</sub>‐Blocking Drugs Atenolol and Metoprolol on Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Christer Carlson, Klaus A. J. Järvinen
Journal: Allergy (1978)

Twenty patients with severe or medium severe asthma were given atenolol (Atenor® (CI – Pharma) and/or metoprolol (Soleken® Hässle) for tachycardia, hyperkinetic tremor, arterial hypertension or symptoms of angina pectoris. These cardioselective β‐blocking drugs caused only a very slight decrease in PF values. There was no difference between atenolol and metoprolol as regards the PF values A 24 hourly dose of 100 mg atenolol caused a distinct fall in diastolic pressure as compared with the same amount of metoprolol. Both these two β 1 ‐blockers moderated the tachvcardia which occurs in asthma; atenolol in this dose had a slightly stronger action. The subjective condition of five patients with severe or medium severe asthma was considerably relieved by atenolol and/or metoprolol. The relief manifested as a lessening of dyspnoea and improvement of the general status. No essential change was observed in the PF values despite the subjective effects. The most noteworthy change was the amelioration of tachycardia which had continued longer than expected in these patients. The heart rate dropped from 140–120/min to 90–70/min and dyspnoea was relieved at the same time.
Pneumothorax Following Induction of Anesthesia
Authors: C. P. Monty
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I was most interested to read the article by Christian et al on "Pneumothorax Following Induction of Anesthesia" (<b>209</b>:1710. 1969). The patient they described was already known to be unwell prior to anesthesia. It should, however, be noted that this complication may follow the induction of anesthesia in previously healthy patients. Together with my colleague, Dr. Cleave, I have described (<i>Brit Med J</i><b>2</b>:1386, 1963) the case of a healthy 48-year-old woman who sustained a cardiac arrest during the induction of anesthesia for a gastric operation. When performing a thoracotomy for open cardiac massage, a pneumothorax was found that was due to rupture of an emphysematous bulla. After the circulation had been reestablished, a pneumonthorax was found on the other side of the chest, and both sides of the chest required drainage. The patient made a complete recovery and was able to have her operation
PULMONARY FIBROSIS: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ORIGIN AND COURSE
Authors: C. de W. Kitcat, T. H. Sellors
Journal: BMJ (1928)

XSB}AA__T T In A-been trie(, aind some can be tolerated.A product of thlis grotip kinowni as synthalil is nlowV o the inarket.It is doubtful whether it cain b adillinistereld in sufficient das to control the 1)1oo0( sugar, but thierc is 11o (loubt tilat thlc dIng does give irise to consideiable (gastlitis and some diari-rhoea.This is likely to c(ntrol tihe amiouint of food ingested, and by so (loig williimater ially improve the mi(ldle-age(1 diabetic, who eaits aniI drinlks too imiuch}a.
LIQUID NITROGEN IN THE TREATMENT OF WARTS
Authors: J. K. MORGAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1952)

Journal Article LIQUID NITROGEN IN THE TREATMENT OF WARTS Get access J. K. MORGAN, M.B., M.R.C.P. J. K. MORGAN, M.B., M.R.C.P. Registrar, Department of Dermatology, Leeds General Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 64, Issue 2, 1 February 1952, Pages 55–58, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1952.tb16161.x Published: 01 February 1952
Antithrombin III (ATILL) replacement therapy in patients with sepsis and/or postsurgical complications: a controlled double-blind, randomized, multicenter study
Authors: F. Baudo, T. M. Caimi, F. deCataldo, A. Ravizza, S. Arlati, G. Casella, D. Carugo, G. Palareti, C. Legnani, L. Ridolfi, R. Rossi, A. D’Angelo, L. Crippa, D. Giudici, G. Gallioli, A. Wolfler, G. Calori
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1998)