tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Doesn't a dance require dancers?
Authors: N. S. Thompson, Jaan Valsiner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The dance metaphor of ape-human communication is valuable and needs to be pressed to its logical conclusion. When couples dance, they are both choreographers and dancers, and the dance arises dialectically out of the “peractions” of the dancers. We suppose that the way in which scientists communicate with their apes emerges by an analogous process.
Cardiovascular-Respiratory Actions of Mephentermine in Mitral Stenosis and Its Effects on Pulmonary Function in Chronic Pulmonary Emphysema
Authors: FRANK BARRERA, GABRIEL G. REGALADO, ROSA L. CHANGSUT, JOSÉ C. DOMINGUEZ
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

Mephentermine increased maximum breathing capacity in emphysema patients due to partial relief of existing bronehospasm. Small variations occurred in tidal volume, arterial-blood saturation, O 2 uptake and CO 2 removal per liter ventilation, and in respiratory quotient. There was an increase in expiratory minute volume, alveolar ventilation, frequency of respiration, O 2 consumption, CO 2 elimination, and arterial-blood pH; a decrease occurred in physiological dead space, physiological dead space/tidal volume ratio, and CO 2 content and tension in arterial blood. These changes were marked in normal individuals and in mitral stenosis patients, in contrast to the minimal effects obtained in emphysema cases. Bronehodilatation in emphysema, reduction of the physiological dead space and physiological dead space/tidal volume ratio, and changes in both direction in arterial-blood saturation as well as circulatory effects suggest that mephentermine affects the ventilation-perfusion relationships throughout the lung. The disproportionate increase in expiratory minute volume and frequency of respiration, while arterial-blood findings showed a significant decrease in CO 2 tension and a significant increase in pH, suggests an important central effect. In normal and in mitral stenosis patients, mephentermine produced an increase in heart rate, a decrease in mean right-atrial pressure, and an increase in cardiac output as a result of myocardial stimulation. Changes in pulmonary-artery pressure were variable. Pulmonary arteriolar resistance decreased in all three normal controls and in the majority of mitral stenosis cases, while wedge pressure changed very slightly. These changes are interpreted as pulmonary vaso-dilatation. Systemic pressure increased, while total systemic resistance decreased or remained essentially unchanged. Arteriovenous O 2 difference decreased in most eases with increased cardiac output, and vice versa. Increased cardiac output, associated with unchanged or falling systemic resistances and decreased arteriovenous O 2 difference, suggests vasodilatation with, increased peripheral blood flow. The fact that systemic resistance increases slightly in some cases must mean that vasocon-striction with decreased peripheral blood flow occurred in other vascular areas as a probable compensatory reaction. These effects led to an increase in arteriovenous O 2 difference and a reduction in cardiac output.
Polymorphisms and Haplotypes in the XRCC1 Gene and the Risk of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: In-Suk Kim, Gyeong-Won Lee, Dong Chul Kim, Hoon-Gu Kim, Sunjoo Kim, Sung Yong Oh, Sung-Hyun Kim, Hyuk-Chan Kwon
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Beclobrate and Liver Disease
Authors: U. Aebi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 September 1990Beclobrate and Liver DiseaseU. Aebi, MD, W. H. Reinhart, MDU. Aebi, MDSearch for more papers by this author, W. H. Reinhart, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-6-483_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:A 63-year-old woman died from acute liver failure while being treated with beclobrate, a lipid lowering agent. She had moderate hyperlipidemia, which had been treated by her physician with bezafibrate for 8 years. The drug was later replaced by beclobrate, 100 mg/d, because of persistently high cholesterol levels (7.8 mmol/L). After 4 months she developed vomiting and jaundice. She was only taking beclobrate during that time, and the drug was withdrawn. Jaundice rapidly progressed, and she was hospitalized with acute liver failure. No other abnormalities were found. She had no history of recent viral or bacterial infection,...References1. ZakimBoyer DT. Hepatology. A Textbook of Liver Disease. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1982. Google Scholar2. Odegaard O. Drugs affecting lipid metabolism. In: Dukes MN, ed. Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1988:916-27. Google Scholar3. MignecoMascarellaLa FerlaAttianese GAAR. Clofibrate hepatitis. A case report. Minerva Med. 1986;77:799-800. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Bern Inselspital CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByBBeclobrate and fatal acute hepatitis 15 September 1990Volume 113, Issue 6Page: 483-483KeywordsAcute liver failureDrugsHypercholesterolemiaHyperlipidemiaLipidsLiver diseasesVomiting Issue Published: 15 September 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Renal assessment practices and the effect of nurse case management of health maintenance organization patients with diabetes.
Authors: R Sikka, J Waters, W Moore, D R Sutton, W H Herman, R E Aubert
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

Individuals with type 1 diabetes applying for insurance (life, health, accident, etc.) may either see their application being declined by the insurance company or find their premiums being substantially higher than the standard premium. During the last 40-50 years, the prognosis of patients with type 1 diabetes has improved dramatically, partly as a consequence of improved metabolic regulation and partly due to introduction of better treatment for late diabetic complications. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the increased premiums paid by diabetic patients for life insurance and accident insurance reflect the true risk of a diabetic individual.Mortality: 3,000 type 1 diabetic patients were followed for 12-51 years. The impact of age, sex, year of diagnosis, and development of nephropathy on excess mortality was analyzed. Accidents: A cohort of nearly 7,000 members of the Danish Diabetes Association participating in group accident insurance was followed for 3 years. The risk and outcome of accidents in the diabetic group was compared with similar risks in a nondiabetic group.Mortality: Over a 40-year period, the median life expectancy of type 1 diabetic patients increased by more than 15 years. The decrease was predominantly explained by a decreasing incidence of nephropathy, so that a simple model for estimating insurance premiums (including age of diagnosis, sex, and presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy) could be established. Accident insurance: Individuals with type 1 diabetes experienced a risk of accidents that was not in excess of that found in two control groups, and the outcome (degree of disability) after the accidents did not differ between the diabetic and the nondiabetic group.Type 1 diabetic patients still have a mortality in excess of nondiabetic individuals. Life insurance premiums should, however, always reflect the changing prognosis of type 1 diabetes and thus, continuous monitoring and revisions are needed. For accident insurance, we found no increased risk of accidents; thus, diabetic individuals should be offered accident insurance on normal terms.
THE ROLE OF EPINEPHRINE IN THE REACTIONS PRODUCED BY THE ENDOTOXINS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA
Authors: Benjamin W. Zweifach, Arnold L. Nagler, Lewis Thomas
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

The effects of endotoxin on the epinephrine reactivity of blood vessels in the rat mesoappendix have been studied. Following intravenous injection of a relatively small, sublethal dose of endotoxin, the terminal arterioles and venules exhibited greatly augmented and prolonged vasoconstrictor responses to epinephrine and norepinephrine. Hyperreactivity became evident within 30 minutes after injection of endotoxin, and persisted for as long as 6 hours. After larger doses of endotoxin, sufficient to cause illness or death, the vascular hyperreactivity to epinephrine was of briefer duration, and was followed by a stage of increasing hyporeactivity reaching levels much below normal. With lethal doses, the terminal arterioles and venules became completely refractory to epinephrine, while heightened reactivity persisted in the larger arteries and veins. The end result was pooling of stagnant blood in distended capillaries and venules, accompanied by the appearance of petechiae. Topical applications of epinephrine during this stage were followed promptly by an increase in petechial hemorrhage at the site of testing. Rats which were rendered tolerant to the lethal effect of endotoxin, by repeated daily injections of small doses, developed resistance to the effects of endotoxin on epinephrine reactivity. Neither hyperreactivity nor hyporeactivity to epinephrine were demonstrable in these animals, nor were spontaneous abnormalities of blood flow or petechial hemorrhages observed in the mesoappendix. Analogous results were obtained in perfusion studies of the vessels of the isolated rabbit ear. Perfusion of small amounts of endotoxin was followed within a few minutes by potentiation of epinephrine reactivity. Larger doses caused complete reversal of this effect, to such an extent that epinephrine now produced marked degrees of vasodilation. The possible meaning of these observations in the interpretation of the endotoxin-epinephrine skin lesions described in the preceding paper is discussed. It is suggested that abnormal reactions to epinephrine or norepinephrine in the tissues of intact animals may represent a basic mechanism in the intoxicating and tissue-damaging properties of endotoxin.
Abstract 4225: Thymoquinone induces cell death in glioblasotma cell through production of reactive oxygen species and induction of DNA damage
Authors: El-Shaimaa Arafa, Ira Racoma, Gulzar Wani, Altaf Wani
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and common type of brain tumors in humans. Surgical resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy is the current standard treatment; however, due to up-regulation of several survival pathways, tumor recurrence is quite common with a median survival of 12 to 15 months. Therefore, there is an urge for more effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of glioblastoma. Over years the use of natural compounds as anticancer agents acquired great importance. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the bioactive component of the volatile oil extracted from the black seed, Nigella sativa. TQ has shown anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic actions in in-vitro and in-vivo models with a selective cytotoxicity for human cancer cells compared to several normal cells. Here, we report that TQ greatly inhibited cell proliferation of radioresistant glioma cells (U87 and T98) in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, TQ mediated reactive oxygen species-induced DNA breaks in glioma cells, as detected by the appearance of post-DNA damage sensitive marker γH2AX. Our results also showed that TQ up-regulated p53 in U87 cells while down-regulated phospho-Akt in T98 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Current investigations are ongoing to use TQ in combination with ionizing radiation as a promising modality to overcome resistance, thereby reducing ionizing radiation doses used for glioma treatment. This work was supported by NIH grants CA93413, ES2388 and ES12991 to A. A. W. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4225. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4225
Radiation and chemical injury in the bone marrow.
Authors: A Dritschilo, D S Sherman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Hematopoietic system toxicity is a major limiting factor in the use of aggressive combined modality therapy in the treatment of malignant disease. In this review, the known drug-x-ray interactions using tissue culture systems are extended to the bone marrow compartment. Two hypotheses prevail for late bone marrow failure: (1) stromal damage to the vasculature with subsequent fibrosis and (2) irreversible stem cell depletion in the irradiated site. Clinical extensions of the experimental data for bone marrow kinetics in the animal model have not proven successful to date. The future strategies for therapy of malignancies in which both radiation and chemotherapy are employed may require dose modification or treatment planning to limit bone marrow toxicity.
Progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancy (STOPPIT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and meta-analysis
Authors: Jane E Norman, Fiona Mackenzie, Philip Owen, Helen Mactier, Kevin Hanretty, Sarah Cooper, Andrew Calder, Gary Mires, Peter Danielian, Stephen Sturgiss, Graeme MacLennan, Graham Tydeman, Steven Thornton, Bill Martin, James G Thornton, James P Neilson, John Norrie
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Enhancement of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the airways by DEAE dextran and sodium caprate in vivo
Authors: Lisa G Gregory, Richard P Harbottle, Lorraine Lawrence, Holly J Knapton, Michael Themis, Charles Coutelle
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Gene transfer to the trachea and airways by adenoviral vectors is limited by the basolateral localization of viral receptors, resulting in relatively low levels of transduction. Modification of paracellular permeability by sodium caprate, which opens tight junctions, enhances gene transfer from the apical side of cultured human airway epithelial cells. Based on this observation we investigated whether Na-caprate could also increase gene transfer when applied to the luminal surface of the airway epithelia in vivo and compared these results with EGTA, which has previously been shown to enhance adenovirus transduction. Transgene expression in the trachea and upper airways was increased 25-fold by a 10-min pretreatment with 50 mM Na-caprate, corresponding to a 3-fold improvement over EGTA. In the more peripheral airways EGTA had no effect, whereas expression of β-gal was increased 3-fold by Na-caprate. When the adenovirus was complexed with DEAE dextran, transduction of the airway epithelia after Na-caprate pretreatment was increased 45-fold over virus alone. In conclusion, Na-caprate facilitates gene transfer to airway epithelia, particularly when adenovirus is complexed with DEAE dextran, and may in future be used in a clinical setting to enhance the efficiency of vectors for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis via airway delivery.
No threshold dose for estradiol-induced sex reversal of turtle embryos: how little is too much?
Authors: D M Sheehan, E Willingham, D Gaylor, J M Bergeron, D Crews
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Risk assessments for nongenotoxic chemicals assume a threshold below which no adverse outcomes are seen. However, when an endogenous chemical, such as 17ss-estradiol (E2), occurs at a concentration sufficient to cause an effect, the threshold is already exceeded. Under these circumstances, exogenous estradiol is not expected to provide a threshold dose. This principle is demonstrated for E2 in the red-eared slider, a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination. In this species, gonadal sex is determined by egg incubation temperature; female development requires endogenous estrogen produced by elevated temperature. While normal production of females by endogenous estrogens is not an adverse effect, exogenous estrogens can sex reverse presumptive males, which can be an adverse effect. A large dose-response study was conducted using seven doses and a vehicle control (starting n = 300/group); a single E2 dose was applied to the eggshell of recently laid eggs. Animals were sexed after hatching. The incubation temperature chosen, 28.6 degrees C, generates a minority of females. Thus, the criteria for testing the threshold hypothesis were met, i.e., there is evidence that there is endogenous estrogen and that it generates an irreversible response. The lowest E2 dose tested, 400 pg/egg (40 ng/kg), sex reversed 14.4% of the animals, demonstrating very low dose sensitivity. The data were fit with a modified Michaelis-Menten equation, which provided an estimate of 1.7 ng/egg for endogenous estradiol. The median effective dose (ED50) was 5.0 +/- 2.0 ng/egg (95% confidence limits), of which 1.7 ng/egg was endogenous estradiol and 3.3 ng/egg came from the applied estradiol. There was no apparent threshold dose for E2. A smaller replication confirmed these results. These results provide a simple biologically based dose-response model and suggest that chemicals which act mechanistically like E2 may also show no threshold dose. If so, even low environmental concentrations of such chemicals may carry risk for sex reversal.
Thrombophilic genotypes, natural anticoagulants, and plasma homocysteine in myeloproliferative disorders: Relationship with splanchnic vein thrombosis and arterial disease
Authors: L. Amitrano, M.A. Guardascione, P.R.J. Ames, M. Margaglione, I. Antinolfi, L. Iannaccone, M. Annunziata, F. Ferrara, V. Brancaccio, A. Balzano
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

The contribution of pro-thrombotic factors towards the development of arterial disease (AD) and splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) was retrospectively evaluated in 79 patients (39M, 40F, mean age 55 +/- 16 years) with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) (essential thrombocythemia [n = 26], primary proliferative polycythemia [n = 27], and idiopathic myelofibrosis [n = 26]). Of these, 18 had AD and 17 SVT, the remaining 44 were non-thrombotic (NT). Plasma concentrations of natural anticoagulants, plasma homocysteine (HC), IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), and thrombophilic genotypes (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C(677)T, factor V Leiden, prothrombin G(20210)-->A) were determined. Isolated protein C deficiency was found in 23% of patients from the SVT group, in 5% from the AD group, in 6.8% from the NT group, and in 1% of historical controls (P = 0.0001). The prevalence of thrombophilic genotypes and that of the other natural anticoagulants did not differ across the groups. The proportion of patients with elevated plasma HC was 66% in the AD group, 27% in the non-thrombotic group, 12% in the SVT group and 4.5% in the control group (P < 0.0001). Patients with AD had higher plasma HC (24.4 +/- 23 micromol/L) than NT patients (12.3 +/- 7.7 micromol/L), SVT patients (9 +/- 4.9 micromol/L), and healthy controls (7.9 +/- 3 micromol/L) (P < 0.0001). In a logistic regression model lower protein C was independently associated with SVT, whereas elevated plasma HC was independently associated with AD. Measurement of plasma HC and protein C in MPD may identify patients more likely to suffer arterial disease and splanchnic vein thrombosis and who may require plasma HC lowering in the former case.
nuMap: A Web Platform for Accurate Prediction of Nucleosome Positioning
Authors: Bader A. Alharbi, Thamir H. Alshammari, Nathan L. Felton, Victor B. Zhurkin, Feng Cui
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2014)

Nucleosome positioning is critical for gene expression and of major biological interest. The high cost of experimentally mapping nucleosomal arrangement signifies the need for computational approaches to predict nucleosome positions at high resolution. Here, we present a web-based application to fulfill this need by implementing two models, YR and W/S schemes, for the translational and rotational positioning of nucleosomes, respectively. Our methods are based on sequence-dependent anisotropic bending that dictates how DNA is wrapped around a histone octamer. This application allows users to specify a number of options such as schemes and parameters for threading calculation and provides multiple layout formats. The nuMap is implemented in Java/Perl/MySQL and is freely available for public use at http://numap.rit.edu. The user manual, implementation notes, description of the methodology and examples are available at the site.
Epstein-Barr virus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with AIDS-related primary lymphoma of the central nervous system
Authors: P. Cinque, M. Brytting, B. Wahren, A. Linde, P. Cinque, A. Castagna, A. Lazzarin, L. Vago, C. Parravicini, N. Zanchetta, A. D'Arminio Monforte
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Pneumoconiosis Due to Fuller's Earth
Authors: A. Sakula
Journal: Thorax (1961)

Fuller's earth is one of the less common causes of pneumoconiosis, and only two earlier necropsy reports incriminating it have been found in the literature (Campbell and Gloyne, 1942; Tonning, 1949).Investigation of workers using fuller's earth at Nutfield, Surrey, found some patients with bronchitis possibly associated with the occupation, but in only two of these were there the distinctive radiological changes of a pneumoconiosis, and one of them came to necropsy.These two patients, who were exposed for 42 and 35 years respectively, are reported here.CASE REPORTS CASE 1.-A.B., born in 1888, had worked with fuller's earth from 1906 to 1948.For the first 21 years he was a gas-engine driver, working in an atmosphere which contained much fuller's earth dust,
Preoperative Banditry: Surgeons React
Authors: G. C. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  One rotten egg can smell up the whole carton, but I believe that there is also a display of naivete here. To the best of my knowledge, $10 000 for ANY surgical procedure (unless this also includes a week in the intensive care unit) is unheard of. NO surgeon is that good. The fact that there was something fishy about the fee is substantiated by a demand for payment up front. 1   I trust that the writer's father had a successful surgical outcome, but had I been presented with such a fee and such a demand the first thing I would have done would have been to ask to seek out a different surgeon. When one part of a service is bizarre, I would be concerned about the rest of it.
Evaluation of selective tumor detection by clinical magnetic resonance imaging using antibody-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide
Authors: Takayoshi Koyama, Mari Shimura, Yuzuru Minemoto, Satoshi Nohara, Sayaka Shibata, Yutaka Iida, Shinki Iwashita, Masakatsu Hasegawa, Tohru Kurabayashi, Hirofumi Hamada, Kenji Kono, Eiichi Honda, Ichio Aoki, Yukihito Ishizaka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Effect of Pressor Amines on Myocardial Blood Flow in Dogs-Reply
Authors: Harold K. Dunn
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Evaluation of the effect of metaraminol on myocardial blood flow at mean aortic blood pressures greater than 90 mm. Hg was not possible under the conditions of this experiment. When dogs were bled sufficiently to reduce their mean aortic blood pressure to 40 mm. Hg, metaraminol would not raise the mean pressure above 90 mm. Hg regardless of the amount of drug given. Yet if metaraminol was stopped and any of the other pressor amines given in usual doses, the blood pressure could easily be brought up to the 140 mm. Hg range. Due to the length restrictions imposed on papers presented in the Multidiscipline Forum, it was not possible for us to present all our data or a complete discussion of the method used. Therefore it was elected to present the data in as brief and easily comprehensible form as was possible. Within the year we