tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The AIDS Knowledge Base: A Textbook on HIV Disease From the University of California, San Francisco, and the San Francisco General Hospital
Authors: Harold C. Neu
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The editors and authors of this large text are extremely familiar with the problems of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The book reviews the epidemiology, transmission, testing, natural history, and management of HIV and of the infections associated with AIDS. There is extensive review of the social, legal, and public policy issues surrounding HIV and AIDS. Education and prevention strategies are presented. An extensive bibliography accompanies every chapter with references in many as recent as 1989. Most of the treatment options are up-to-date. Indeed, in the section on zidovudine, the data reflect many of the current concepts on use in patients with CD4 counts below 200 and below 500. It is quite easy to look up specific problems in this text, and although there are almost daily changes depending on the latest issues of the widely quoted medical journals, the basics are present. Such
Comparison of Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy and Scalene Lymph Node Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Authors: N. Stjernberg, M. Thunell, R. Lundgren
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

The diagnostic accuracy achieved by taking bronchial mucosal and lung biopsies through flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes was compared with scalene lymph node biopsy in 55 patients with sarcoidosis. The diagnostic yield with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy was 62 per cent in the whole material and increased to 76 per cent in patients with stage II sarcoidosis. Scalene lymph node biopsy was positive in 80 per cent. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a useful method for obtaining biopsy material in sarcoidosis, especially in stage II sarcoidosis. We consider flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and scalene lymph node biopsy the methods of choice in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.
Hemorrhagic Bullae in a 73-Year-Old Man
Authors: Zachary G. Peña, Jason W. Suszko, Lynne H. Morrison
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
267. Synergistic Antitumor Effect of neu DNA Vaccine and Low Dose of Geldanamycin
Authors: Chi-Chen Lin, Meng-Chi Yen, Ming-Derg Lai
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Objective: Geldanamycin induces degradation of Hsp90 client proteins, which may promote the presentation of degradation peptide with MHC class I on cancer cells. We hypothesized that geldanamycin may enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccine, and investigated the therapeutic effect of the combination of geldanamycin and DNA vaccine against Hsp90 client p185neu and Met Experimental Designs: The efficacy of various doses of geldanamycin combined with N′-terminal neu (N′-neu) DNA vaccine was investigated in a transplanted tumor constitutively overexpressing endogenous p185neu. Cellular and humoral immune responses were evaluated. Results: Low dose (2.5 μg), but not high dose (10 μg) geldanamycin had a synergistic inhibitive effect with N′-neu DNA vaccine on the growth of MBT-2 tumors in syngeneic C3H mice. Anti-p185neu antibody titers were similar among all treated groups. Significantly increased infiltrations of CD8+ T cells and NK cells were observed at tumor sites. Geldanamycin sensitized tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of lymphocytes. Depletion of CD8+ T cells eliminated most of the therapeutic efficacy; in contrast, depletion of CD4+ T cells enhanced the therapeutic efficacy. The synergistic effect was observed for the combination of geldanamycin and DNA vaccine targeting Met oncogene. Conclusions: The combination of N′-neu DNA vaccine and a low dose of geldanamycin has a synergistic therapeutic effect. The enhancement is mainly due to enhanced activity of CD8+ T cells, and partly attributable increased infitration of NK cells. Our results support the use of a combination of geldanamycin and DNA vaccine against geldanamycin-targeted proteins.
Observational Modeling of Strict vs Conventional Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Csaba P. Kovesdy, Jun L. Lu, Miklos Z. Molnar, Jennie Z. Ma, Robert B. Canada, Elani Streja, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Anthony J. Bleyer
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

The effect of strict blood pressure control on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear.To compare the outcomes associated with a treated systolic blood pressure (SBP) of less than 120 mm Hg vs those associated with the currently recommended SBP of less than 140 mm Hg in a national CKD database of US veterans.Historical cohort study using a nationwide cohort of US veterans with prevalent CKD, estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), and uncontrolled hypertension, who then received 1 or more additional blood pressure medications with evidence of a decrease in SBP. Propensity scores were calculated to reflect each individual's probability for future SBP less than 120 vs 120 to 139 mm Hg.The effect of SBP on all-cause mortality was evaluated by the log-rank test, and in Cox models adjusted for propensity scores.Using a database of 651,749 patients with CKD, we identified 77,765 individuals meeting the inclusion criteria. A total of 5760 patients experienced follow-up treated SBP of less than 120 mm Hg and 72,005 patients had SBP of 120 to 139 mm Hg. During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, 19,517 patients died, with 2380 deaths in the SBP less than 120 mm Hg group (death rate, 80.9/1000 patient-years [95% CI, 77.7-84.2/1000 patient-years]) and 17,137 deaths in the SBP 120 to 139 mm Hg group (death rate, 41.8/1000 patient-years [95% CI, 41.2-42.4/1000 patient-years]; P < .001). The mortality hazard ratio (95% CI) associated with follow-up SBP less than 120 vs 120 to 139 mm Hg was 1.70 (1.63-1.78) after adjustment for propensity scores.Our results suggest that stricter SBP control is associated with higher all-cause mortality in patients with CKD. Confirmation of these findings by ongoing clinical trials would suggest that modeling of therapeutic interventions in observational cohorts may offer useful guidance for the treatment of conditions that lack clinical trial data.
Frequency and Predictors of Stent Thrombosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: George D. Dangas, Adriano Caixeta, Roxana Mehran, Helen Parise, Alexandra J. Lansky, Ecaterina Cristea, Bruce R. Brodie, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giulio Guagliumi, Jan Z. Peruga, Dariusz Dudek, Martin Möeckel, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Concerns persist regarding the risk of stent thrombosis in the setting of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.The Harmonizing Outcomes With Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) trial included 3602 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention who were randomized to heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPI) (n=1802) versus bivalirudin monotherapy (n=1800). Stents were implanted in 3202 patients, including 2261 who received drug-eluting stents and 861 who received only bare metal stents. Definite or probable stent thrombosis within 2 years occurred in 137 patients (4.4%), including 28 acute events (0.9%), 49 subacute events (1.6%), 32 late events (1.0%), and 33 very late events (1.1%). The 2-year cumulative rates of stent thrombosis were 4.4% with both drug-eluting stents and bare metal stents (P=0.98) and 4.3% versus 4.6% in patients randomized to bivalirudin monotherapy versus heparin plus a GPI, respectively (P=0.73). Acute stent thrombosis occurred more frequently in patients assigned to bivalirudin compared with heparin plus a GPI (1.4% versus 0.3%; P<0.001), whereas stent thrombosis after 24 hours occurred less frequently in patients with bivalirudin compared with heparin plus a GPI (2.8% versus 4.4%; P=0.02). Pre-randomization heparin and a 600-mg clopidogrel loading dose were independent predictors of reduced acute and subacute stent thrombosis, respectively.Stent thrombosis is not uncommon within the first 2 years after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and occurs with similar frequency in patients receiving drug-eluting stents versus bare metal stents and bivalirudin alone versus heparin plus a GPI. Optimizing adjunct pharmacology including early antithrombin therapy preloading with a potent antiplatelet therapy may further reduce stent thrombosis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Vitamin E enhances immune system
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A supplement of vitamin E enhances immunity in healthy elderly people, a double blind randomised trial has found.

The study included 88 people over 65 who were randomly assigned to receive placebo or vitamin E (60 mg, 200 mg, or 800 mg) for 235 days ( JAMA 1997;277:1380-6). The researchers, from the Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts …
An interesting pathological specimen at delivery
Authors: R. Mathew, K S S. Devi, G. Rao, S. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A 26 year old gravida 2 para 1 woman presented in the third trimester of her pregnancy. She had not had antenatal check ups, but was in good health. She had attended a first trimester scan, and said that the doctor told her she was having twins. She had a family history of twins. Her first pregnancy had resulted in a full term normal vaginal delivery. Routine antenatal checks all were normal. Ultrasonography showed a normally growing fetus, appropriate for dates, and a cystic flattened mass near the placenta. No blood flow to the cystic mass could be seen. At term she delivered a 3200 g male infant by normal vaginal delivery. After the delivery, a pathological specimen was delivered along with the remnants of the placenta. The placenta showed a calcified and nodular area on the fetal surface. Microscopic examination of the placenta showed nests of epithelioid cells and deposits of fibrin. There were no postpartum complications.⇓ Fig 1 Specimen delivered after the normal fetus (top) and calcified nodular surface (arrow) of the placenta (bottom)
Neutral lipid composition of Fordyce's granules
Authors: K.M. Nordstrom, K.J. McGinley, S.R. Lessin, J.J. Leyden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Neutral lipid composition of Fordyce's granules Get access K.M. Nordstrom, K.M. Nordstrom Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.J. McGinley, K.J. McGinley Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.R. Lessin, S.R. Lessin Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.J. Leyden J.J. Leyden Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 121, Issue 5, 1 November 1989, Pages 669–670, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb08205.x Published: 01 November 1989
Is blindsight an effect of scattered light, spared cortex, and near-threshold vision?
Authors: John Campion, Richard Latto, Y. M. Smith
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1983)

Abstract Blindsight is the term commonly used to describe visually guided behaviour elicited by a stimulus falling within the scotoma (blind area) caused by a lesion of the striate cortex. Such “vision” is normally held to be unconscious and to be mediated by subcortical pathways involving the superior colliculus. Blindsight is of considerable theoretical importance since it suggests that destriate man is more like destriate monkey than had been previously believed and also because it supports the classical notion of two visual systems. It is also of potential clinical importance, since it has been claimed recently that systematic practice in blindsight can lead to the recovery of normal visual function in patients with cortical lesions. From a review of the literature it is concluded that all of the phenomena of blindsight can be attributed either to light scatter into unimpaired parts of the visual field or to residual vision resulting from spared striate cortex. The possible contribution f other factors is also considered. It is concluded that blindsight studies have generally failed to control for such nonblindsight interpretations partly because of poor methodology and partly because of difficulties in defining the term “blindsight.” Experiments were carried out to investigate the extent to which subjects can exhibit performance similar to blindsight when they are using scattered light as a cue. This was done both with hemianopic subjects (by manipulating the amount of scattered and direct light coming from a stimulus) and with normal subjects (by presenting targets within their blind spots). Good blindsight performance was observed when only scattered light was available as a cue to the subjects. It is therefore concluded that an adequate case for blindsight has not been made. It is probably impossible to demonstrate the existence of blindsight on purely behavioural grounds. What is required is the establishment of relationships between visual function and independent anatomical evidence.
Abdominal Wall Uptake of Tc-99m MDP Secondary to Subcutaneous Heparin Injection
Authors: PATRICIA SOMERVILLE, PAUL E. WEISS, JOHN L. GHERTNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Soft tissue abdominal wall labeling was demonstrated in a 47-year-old woman who had a medical history significant for lupus and previous pulmonary embolism. She had been receiving subcutaneous abdominal injections of 10,000 units of sodium heparin every 12 hours for 10 months.
A Multiple-Loop, Double-Cube Microarray Design Applied to Prostate Cancer Cell Lines with Variable Sensitivity to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Authors: Madeleine S.Q. Kortenhorst, Marianna Zahurak, Shabana Shabbeer, Sushant Kachhap, Nathan Galloway, Giovanni Parmigiani, Henk M.W. Verheul, Michael A. Carducci
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Although microarray technology has been widely adopted by the scientific community, analysis of the ensuing data remains challenging. In this article, we present our experience with a complex design microarray experiment on resistance mechanisms of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI). Experimental Design: To improve our understanding of the underlying mechanism of HDACI resistance in prostate cancer cells, we designed a novel “multiple-loop, double-cube” cDNA microarray experiment. In the experiment of 22 arrays, DU145 and PC3 cells were treated with two different HDACIs (vorinostat and valproic acid) and incubation periods (48 and 96 h). Preprocessing included exploratory analyses of the quality of the arrays and intensity-dependent within-array Loess normalization. An ANOVA model was used for inference. The results were validated by Western blot analysis of known treatment targets. Results: Treatment of PC3 and DU145 cells with HDACIs caused 2.8% to 10% (P &amp;lt; 0.001) differential expression across conditions; 51% to 73% of these genes were up-regulated and 28% to 49% were down-regulated. The extent of differential expression was associated with cell line (DU145 &amp;gt; PC3), HDACI (valproic acid ≥ vorinostat), and duration of treatment (96 &amp;gt; 48 h). We identified known and new treatment targets involved in cell cycle and apoptosis. Conclusion: A multiple-loop, double-cube microarray design can be used to identify HDACI-induced changes in gene expression possibly related to drug resistance.
Prognostic implications of I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and receiving β-blockade treatment
Authors: Hiroyuki Kakuchi, Tatsuya Sasaki, Yoshio Ishida, Shuuji Fukuoka, Kunio Miyatake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Polish politicians argue over right to expel sick foreigners
Authors: Jane Burgermeister
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Lester Crawford, former commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration, was last week fined $89 377 (£45 800; €67 000), sentenced to three years of supervised probation, and required to do 50 hours of community service by Judge Deborah Robinson of the US District Court for the District of Columbia.Last October Dr Crawford (below) pleaded (below) pleaded pleaded guilty to two charges: failing to report that he and his wife owned shares in companies regulated by the agency and filing false
Developing countries must balance access to antibiotics with action to curb resistance
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2011)

An international conference on bacterial infections in New Delhi has called on India and other developing countries to intensify action to make available first line antibiotics to rural populations while reducing the irrational use of antibiotics.

The first Global Forum on Bacterial Infections, which concluded on 5 October, said developing countries face the dual challenge of unnecessary deaths from infections and growing antibiotic resistance, much of it driven by the overuse of antibiotics in public and private healthcare sectors.

A report released ahead of the forum by the Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership, an international coalition of health experts, warned that the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance has “critically compromised” the management of common and lethal bacterial infections ( Indian J Med Res 2011;134:281).

The report cited a World Health Organization study that found that 58% …
Acceptance of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy by Health Care Workers After Tuberculin Skin Test Conversion
Authors: Bernard C. Camins
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To examine health care workers' (HCWs') acceptance of and adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy in the setting of a comprehensive tuberculin skin-testing program.Descriptive case series.University-affiliated inner-city public hospital in Atlanta, Ga.A total of 125 HCWs (91 hospital employees and 34 house staff or medical students [the physician group]) who had a positive tuberculin skin test between July 1992 and January 1994 and were offered isoniazid preventive therapy.Health care workers with a recent tuberculin skin test conversion were required to have a chest x-ray performed and see a physician and were encouraged but not required to undergo preventive therapy.Acceptance and initiation of preventive therapy with isoniazid by HCWs, completion of at least 6 months of preventive therapy, and differences between the employee and physician groups.All 125 HCWs with a recent positive tuberculin skin test had a chest radiograph performed, 123 (98.4%) saw a physician, and 105 (84%) initiated preventive therapy. Sixty-nine (66%) of the 105off HCWs who initiated preventive therapy (55% of the 125 total) completed at least 6 months of isoniazid therapy. More of the physician group than of the employee group completed preventive therapy (25 of 34 [74%] vs 44 of 91 [48%], respectively; P<.01). Of the 36 HCWs who started but did not complete preventive therapy, 12 discontinued therapy because of an adverse drug effect and 24 were nonadherent.Acceptance of tuberculosis preventive therapy by HCWs was high in the setting of a comprehensive tuberculin skin-testing program, and completion of therapy was much higher in the physician group than in previously reported series.
Lungs, Bone Marrow, and Adipose Tissue. A Network Approach to the Pathobiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Alvar Agustí, Joan A. Barberà, Emiel F. M. Wouters, Victor I. Peinado, Peter K. Jeffery
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer other concomitant disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, that influence significantly (and independently of lung function) their health status and prognosis. Thus, COPD is not a single organ condition, and disturbances of a complex network of interorgan connected responses occur and modulate the natural history of the disease. Here, we propose a novel hypothesis that considers a vascularly connected network with (1) the lungs as the main external sensor of the system and a major source of "danger signals"; (2) the endothelium as an internal sensor of the system (also a potential target tissue); and (3) two key responding elements, bone marrow and adipose tissue, which produce both inflammatory and repair signals. According to the model, the development of COPD, and associated multimorbidities (here we focus on cardiovascular disease as an important example), depend on the manner in which the vascular connected network responds, adapts, or fails to adapt (dictated by the genetic and epigenetic background of the individual) to the inhalation of particles and gases, mainly in cigarette smoke. The caveats and limitations of the hypothesis, as well as the experimental and clinical research needed to test and explore the proposed model, are also briefly discussed.