tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NON-CONSTRICTIVE DRESSINGS FOR FRACTURES.
Authors: J. F. PRITCHARD
Journal: JAMA (1901)

found within five minutes after the accident, and at once removed on a stretcher to his home, about one-third of a mile distant.A simple oblique fracture of the left femur, at about the middle of its shaft, was the only injury found.Shock was marked, though not extreme.Some rigors and vomiting occurred and the heart was weak.Heat was applied and a hypodermic of morphia and strychnia and a small amount of whisky were given.Reaction was soon established and the fracture was re- duced and dressed.The patient passed a good night and seemed to be doing perfectly well in all respects.About fifteen hours after the injury he began to be drowsy, and a slight but persistent cough developed.Soon the pulse increased in frequency and the respiration showed slight embarrassment.These symptoms, except the cough, grew steadily worse.He roused with more and more difficulty, and less perfectly, until in four hours coma was complete.The pulse became very rapid and irregular, the respiration became stertorous and finally assumed a Cheyne-Stokes character; the surface of the body became cold and cyanotic and, twenty-three hours after the accident, the patient died.At the autopsy fat was found in the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.The lower lobe of the right lung was hepatized and the blood-vessels of the brain were filled with dark fluid.As to treatment in this class of cases, the measures suitable to true shock are of most value, as heat, opium, strychnia, digitalis, alcoholic stimulants and intravenous infusion or hypoclermoclysis of normal saline solution.When fracture or crushing injury of large bones has occurred it is very important that the limb be im- mobilized as soon as possible, so that the freeing and absorption of fat cells may be prevented.
Review: In CKD, novel oral anticoagulants do not differ from vitamin K antagonists for efficacy or bleeding
Authors: Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

ACP Journal Club16 September 2014Review: In CKD, novel oral anticoagulants do not differ from vitamin K antagonists for efficacy or bleedingWolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, ScDWolfgang C. Winkelmayer, MD, ScDBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (W.C.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-161-6-201409160-02010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHarel Z, Sholzberg M, Shah PS, et al. Comparisons between novel oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in patients with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:431-42. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24385595Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Cardiology: Hematology: Critical Care: Nephrology: Oncology: Pulmonology: Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (W.C.W.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 September 2014. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 September 2014Volume 161, Issue 6Page: JC10KeywordsAnticoagulantsChronic kidney diseaseHemorrhageKidneysNephrologySafetyStrokeThromboembolismVenous thromboembolismVitamin K ePublished: 16 September 2014 Issue Published: 16 September 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum N‐terminal atrial natriuretic peptide in adult patients late after surgical repair of atrial septal defect
Authors: Tiina E. Iivainen, Kaj W.E. Groundstroem, Jorma T. Lahtela, Taisto J. Talvensaari, Amos Pasternack, Arto Uusitalo
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Thyroid hormone is required for hypothalamic neurons regulating cardiovascular functions
Authors: Jens Mittag, David J. Lyons, Johan Sällström, Milica Vujovic, Susi Dudazy-Gralla, Amy Warner, Karin Wallis, Anneke Alkemade, Kristina Nordström, Hannah Monyer, Christian Broberger, Anders Arner, Björn Vennström
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Thyroid hormone is well known for its profound direct effects on cardiovascular function and metabolism. Recent evidence, however, suggests that the hormone also regulates these systems indirectly through the central nervous system. While some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the hormone's central control of metabolism have been identified, its actions in the central cardiovascular control have remained enigmatic. Here, we describe a previously unknown population of parvalbuminergic neurons in the anterior hypothalamus that requires thyroid hormone receptor signaling for proper development. Specific stereotaxic ablation of these cells in the mouse resulted in hypertension and temperature-dependent tachycardia, indicating a role in the central autonomic control of blood pressure and heart rate. Moreover, the neurons exhibited intrinsic temperature sensitivity in patch-clamping experiments, providing a new connection between cardiovascular function and core temperature. Thus, the data identify what we believe to be a novel hypothalamic cell population potentially important for understanding hypertension and indicate developmental hypothyroidism as an epigenetic risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, the findings may be beneficial for treatment of the recently identified patients that have a mutation in thyroid hormone receptor α1.
KNOTTING OF THE DUODENAL TUBE
Authors: Jacob Buckstein
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Both Dr. Russell S. Boles (The Journal, January 26) and Dr. George M. Niles (The Journal, March 22) refer to the knotting of a duodenal tube after insertion. The discovery was made after removal of the tube. Since difficulty in the instillation of fluid through a tube may be due to other causes, such as kinking or coiling or constriction through pylorospasm, it is suggested that a roentgenographic observation be made in such cases. When a kinking or coiling is the cause, the condition may be remedied by carefully pulling up on the tube for a short distance, and obviating the necessity of complete removal. Both time and tribulation may thus be saved.
Intra operative determination of axillary node metastasis by RT PCR: experience on 50 breast cancer patients.
Authors: M Baranzelli, M Chauvet, P Verhults, S Giard, F Révillion, J Peyrat, Y Robin, J Bonneterre
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3012 Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is highly predictive of overall axillary lymph node involvement. SLN positive patients(pts)with macro or micrometastasis require delayed axillary clearance. Intraoperative imprints have a good sensitivity for detection of macrometastasis but micrometastases are seldom diagnosed. Thus, we tested the intraoperative determination of axillary node metastasis according to the Rapid Gene Search Breast Lymph Node (BLN) Assay (Veridex) based on RT-PCR.&amp;#x2028; Patients and methods:50 pts operated between September 17 and March 20 ,2008, had a SLN procedure. Lymph nodes were cut in 2 mm slices, and 1 out of 2 was examined with Rapid BLN Assay; the other one had intraoperative imprints and definitive histological assessement in paraffin-embedded sections including serial slices with hematoxilin eosine safran coloration and Cytokeratine AE1-AE3 immunochemistry.&amp;#x2028; Results : 103 lymph nodes were examined with a median number of 2 SLN by pt. With Rapid BLN Assay, 12(9 pts) were positive and confirmed by histological interpretation on the other half for 11 (8 pts). 89 lymph nodes were negative (41 pts); in 1 (1 pt), isolated tumor cells (CTI) were detected in the other half at histological interpretation. Intraoperative imprints detected 4 macrometastases. One node declared positive at the intra-operative examination imprint corresponded to a granulomatous lesion after histological interpretation and Rapid BLN Assay was negative. Sensitivity was 31% for intraoperative imprints, 92% for Rapid BLN Assay and the histological examination of paraffin--embedded sections. The median time for intraoperative determination was 34 minutes for 1 SLN compared with 20 minutes for imprints.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: Given the high sensitivity of the rapid BLN assay, the excess duration of the procedure is acceptable for the surgeon. Furthermore, this procedure avoids a secondary axillary clearance in pts without intraoperative examination or with negative imprints and with metastases in SLN. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3012.
Dietary Protein Deficiency.
Authors: John F. Brock
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Dietary Protein Deficiency.John F. Brock, D.M.(Oxon.), F.R.C.P.(London)John F. Brock, D.M.(Oxon.), F.R.C.P.(London)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1170_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecent work on the constitution of protein molecules in the field of macromolecular biology and genetics emphasizes the dependence of life and reproduction on the orderly arrangement of amino acid sequences in polypeptide chains. This emphasizes the importance of eight or more "essential" amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body and must therefore be supplied regularly in the diet.A brief account is given of the history of protein in nutritional studies, of mehlnarschaden as an early problem of pediatrics, of kwashiorkor and of the international recognition (1949-1953) of "protein malnutrition" as the "most serious and most... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Capetown, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByINCAP Studies of Kwashiorkor and Marasmus 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1170-1170KeywordsAmino acidsDietGeneticsMalnutritionNutritionPediatricsPolypeptidesProteins Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tracheotomy in Croup
Authors: T. O'Connor
Journal: BMJ (1857)

the umiine passed freely.The most tender spot is about one inch to the left of the umbilicus, only reached by firm pressure.There is no hernia.I ordered her hydrocyanic acid mixture, -with two grains of calomel and a grain of opium, in a pill, every six hours: the abdomen to be swathed in hot wet flan- -nels, and a copious warm water enema to be administered at -night.The enema brought away a very little pasty looking matter.Judging by her sensations, it must have passed high -up into the colon.Three pints were injected.Monday.The vomiting continues, if anything is taken.The bowels are more swollen.The pain is still more intense in the same spot, but it seems to have moved about.There is not much general tenderness of the abdomen.She lies with the legs down, and can bear pressure.The countenance is more unxious.The following medicine was ordered:-& PilulmP sapon.c. opio gr.iv; pilule aloes compositte gr.j.M. Fiat pilula quartis horis sumenda.R Olei ricini ss; olei terebinthinve 3 ij.M. Fiat haustus.She was directed to have soda water for drink.Tuesday.There has been no evacuation, but vomiting con- tinues.The bowels seem hardly so tympanitic.Pulse 110.She has not slept much.6 rP..The vomiting has continued; the vomited matters hlave a flucal odour, and evidently contain the oil and turpen- tine.She looks better, and is more quiet.Wednesday.She is more quiet; has no pain in abdomen but in one spot over the spleen.She has vomited only once.She seems very sleepy, and quite under the influence of the opium.She was ordered to discontinue the pills, of which she 'had taken seven.8 P.M.She is still very sleepy; has had no sickness.She
Emerging roles for enteric glia in gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Keith A. Sharkey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Enteric glia are important components of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and also form an extensive network in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Initially regarded as passive support cells, it is now clear that they are actively involved as cellular integrators in the control of motility and epithelial barrier function. Enteric glia form a cellular and molecular bridge between enteric nerves, enteroendocrine cells, immune cells, and epithelial cells, depending on their location. This Review highlights the role of enteric glia in GI motility disorders and in barrier and defense functions of the gut, notably in states of inflammation. It also discusses the involvement of enteric glia in neurological diseases that involve the GI tract.
Hepatitis C virus infection and its clearance alter circulating lipids: Implications for long-term follow-up
Authors: Kathleen E. Corey, Erin Kane, Craig Munroe, Lydia L. Barlow, Hui Zheng, Raymond T. Chung
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Hepatitis C associated hypolipidemia has been demonstrated in studies from Europe and Africa. In two linked studies, we evaluated the relationship between hepatitis C infection and treatment with lipid levels in an American cohort and determined the frequency of clinically significant posttreatment hyperlipidemia. First, a case-control analysis of patients with and without hepatitis C was performed. The HCV Group consisted of 179 infected patients. The Uninfected Control Group consisted of 180 age-matched controls. Fasting cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein and triglycerides were compared. Next was a retrospective cohort study (Treated Hepatitis C Group) of 87 treated hepatitis C patients with lipid data before and after therapy was performed. In the case-control analysis, the HCV Group had significantly lower LDL and cholesterol than the Uninfected Control Group. In the retrospective cohort, patients in the Treated Hepatitis C Group who achieved viral clearance had increased LDL and cholesterol from baseline compared to patients without viral clearance. These results persisted when adjusted for age, sex, and genotype. 13% of patients with viral clearance had increased LDL and 33% experienced increases in cholesterol to levels warranting lipid lowering therapy.Hepatitis C is associated with decreased cholesterol and LDL levels. This hypolipidemia resolves with successful hepatitis C treatment but persists in nonresponders. A significant portion of successfully treated patients experience LDL and cholesterol rebound to levels associated with increased coronary disease risk. Lipids should be carefully monitored in persons receiving antiviral therapy.
Abstract 3211: Baseline Clinical Risk and Recurrent Ischemia as Detected on Continuous ECG (CECG) Monitoring in Patients with non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome in the MERLIN-TIMI 36 Trial
Authors: Benjamin Scirica, Julian Aroesty, Andrzej Budaj, Freek Verheugt, Ewa Karwatowska-Prokopczuk, Sabina A Murphy, Carolyn H McCabe, David A Morrow
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Merchants of Immortality: Chasing the Dream of Human Life Extension
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Hall, a US journalist and historian of modern science, presents an overview of ageing as a biological phenomenon. In his introduction he writes, “Because we've done such a spectacular job of minimizing the agents of premature death—diseases, accidents, poor hygiene, injuries, not to mention predation, starvation, exposure—we are living so long that aging itself has only recently emerged as a subdiscipline of medicine.” Stephen S Hall Houghton Mifflin Company, $25, pp 448 ISBN 0 618 09524 1 http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> He quotes the eminent US cell biologist Leonard Hayflick, “Aging is an artifact of civilization.” Hayflick is … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Suppression of endotoxin-induced inflammation by taxol
Authors: T. Mirzapoiazova, I. A. Kolosova, L. Moreno, S. Sammani, J. G. N. Garcia, A. D. Verin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The pathogenesis of acute lung injury includes transendothelial diapedesis of leukocytes into lung tissues and disruption of endothelial/epithelial barriers leading to protein-rich oedema. In vitro studies show that the microtubule network plays a role in the regulation of endothelial permeability as well as in neutrophil locomotion. It was hypothesised that the microtubule-stabilising agent, taxol, might attenuate inflammation and vascular leak associated with acute lung injury in vivo . The effect of intravenously delivered taxol was assessed using a model of murine lung injury induced by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Parameters of lung injury and inflammation were assessed 18 h after treatment. Intravenously delivered taxol significantly reduced inflammatory histological changes in lung parenchyma and parameters of LPS-induced inflammation: infiltration of proteins and inflammatory cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung myeloperoxidase activity, and extravasation of Evans blue-labelled albumin into lung tissue. Taxol alone (in the absence of LPS) had no appreciable effect on these parameters. In addition to lung proteins, intravenous taxol reduced accumulation of leukocytes in ascitic fluid in a model of LPS-induced peritonitis. Taken together, the present data demonstrate that microtubule stabilisation with taxol systemically attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and vascular leak.
Renal Excretion of Sodium During Oral Water Administration in Patients with Systemic Hypertension
Authors: ROBERT A. METZGER, LILIANA S. VAAMONDE, CARLOS A. VAAMONDE, SOLOMON PAPPER
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The renal excretion of sodium and water was studied in 10 hypertensive subjects following an oral sustained 20 ml/kg water load. The study was performed under conditions controlled for sodium content of the diet, time of the day, and posture; the urine was collected by spontaneous voiding. The results were compared with those obtained from 10 normotensive subjects studied under similar conditions. The increased urine flow following the water load in the hypertensive subjects was not accompanied by increased excretion of sodium, a pattern similar to the one observed in the normotensive subjects. Comparing the group of hypertensive subjects with previously studied normotensives revealed the following additional information. The hypertensive subjects responded to water administration by increasing volume and C H H2 O more rapidly than the normotensives; however, the maximal response was not significantly different. The fractional reabsorption of sodium was less in the hypertensive subjects despite a lower filtered load of sodium. This suggests a difference in the renal tubular handling of sodium between hypertensive and normotensive subjects.
Dermatomyositis and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus.
Authors: R. H. Seville
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1964)

Journal Article Dermatomyositis and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus. Get access R. H. Seville R. H. Seville Lancaster Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 76, Issue 3, 1 March 1964, Page 151, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb14497.x Published: 01 March 1964
Mutations in TTC19 cause mitochondrial complex III deficiency and neurological impairment in humans and flies
Authors: Daniele Ghezzi, Paola Arzuffi, Mauro Zordan, Caterina Da Re, Costanza Lamperti, Clara Benna, Pio D'Adamo, Daria Diodato, Rodolfo Costa, Caterina Mariotti, Graziella Uziel, Cristina Smiderle, Massimo Zeviani
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Abstract 4007: Different patterns of Akt and ERK feedback activation in response to allosteric and active-site mTOR inhibitors in comparison to metformin in pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: Heloisa P. Soares, Ni Yang, James Sinnett-Smith, Robert Kui, Enrique Rozengurt
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The mTOR pathway is aberrantly stimulated in many cancer cells, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and thus it is a potential target for therapy. However, the mTORC1/S6K axis also mediates negative feedback loops that attenuate signaling via insulin/IGF receptor and other tyrosine kinase receptors. Suppression of these feedback loops unleashes over-activation of upstream pathways that potentially counterbalance the antiproliferative effects of mTOR inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of PANC-1 or MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells with allosteric mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin and everolimus) or active-site mTOR inhibitors (KU63794 and PP242) suppressed p70S6K and S6 phosphorylation induced by insulin and the GPCR agonist neurotensin. Rapamycin and everolimus caused a striking increase in Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 while the active-site inhibitors of mTOR completely abrogated Akt phosphorylation at this site. Conversely, active-site inhibitors of mTOR cause a marked increase in ERK activation whereas rapamycin and everolimus did not have any stimulatory effect on ERK activation. Exposure to the compound A66, a selective inhibitor of the 110α catalytic subunit of PI3K, did not prevent enhancement of ERK activation in response to exposure to either KU63794 or PP242, implying that KU63794 and PP242 enhance ERK via a novel PI3K-independent pathway. These results suggest that active-site inhibitors, in contrast to mTORC1 allosteric inhibitors, enhanced ERK through a PI3K-independent pathway. In contrast, metformin which potently inhibited the mTORC1/S6K axis did not cause over-stimulation of Akt phosphorylation on Ser473 and inhibited mitogen-stimulated ERK activation in PDAC cells. Thus, the effects of metformin on Akt and ERK activation are strikingly different from allosteric or active-site mTOR inhibitors in PDAC cells, though all these agents potently inhibited mTORC1/S6K. Metformin is emerging as a potential novel agent in cancer chemoprevention. We propose that the favorable effects of metformin on preventing over-activation of pro-oncogenic pathways, such as Akt and ERK, may contribute to its beneficial anticancer effects. Citation Format: Heloisa P. Soares, Ni Yang, James Sinnett-Smith, Robert Kui, Enrique Rozengurt. Different patterns of Akt and ERK feedback activation in response to allosteric and active-site mTOR inhibitors in comparison to metformin in pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4007. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4007
Essays on Women, Medicine and Health
Authors: V V Sommeren, M Midlin
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ann Oakley, University of Edinburgh Press, (pounds sterling) 14.95, pp 295 ISBN 0-7486-0450-2

A jaded young housewife from Wapping Said her life was all cleaning and shopping Her husband said jokily Try reading Ann Oakley So she did and left home without stopping

This prize winning limerick, published some years ago in the New Statesman, fetes Oakley as a radical heroine; Women, Health and Medicine, published by Edinburgh University Press last year, shows a much more comfortable relationship with the establishment. This collection of papers from the 1980s includes talks given to such …