tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
My Day Off
Authors: Jon C. Tilburt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

On Being a Doctor20 March 2007My Day OffJon C. Tilburt, MD, MPHJon C. Tilburt, MD, MPHFrom the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-6-200703200-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Eleven years after graduating from college, I got my first real job. Earlier this month, I sat in a suburban office building outside of Washington, DC, pledged to serve and protect the constitution of the United States as a civilian employee of the United States Public Health Service, and started commuting to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). My new daily routine involves driving to work early each morning, passing through a gated entrance with guards who swab my steering wheel (for illicit substances, I presume) and past banners declaring “Medicine for the Public”—the mission (I presume) of the NIH.... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.Note: The author later discovered that “Medicine for the Public” is actually a lecture series organized each year to introduce the community to new breakthroughs in medical research.Disclaimer: The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not represent the position or policies of the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Public Health Service.Corresponding Author: Jon Tilburt, MD, MPH, 1C119, Building 10, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 March 2007Volume 146, Issue 6Page: 465-466KeywordsCareers in researchForecastingMedical servicesMedicarePathogensPrevention, policy, and public healthRegenerative medicineRheumatoid arthritisType 2 diabetesVision ePublished: 20 March 2007 Issue Published: 20 March 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Scotland will set minimum price for a unit of alcohol
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Scottish parliament has announced that it will introduce legislation to set a minimum price on alcohol to curb the damage to health from overconsumption.

The Alcohol Minimum Pricing Bill will be presented to the Scottish parliament in the autumn and is guaranteed to be passed into law by the majority Scottish National Party government. A similar move last year was voted down by opposition parties ( BMJ 2010;341:c5267, doi:10.1136/bmj.c5267 …
Roles and responsibilities of the problem based learning tutor in the undergraduate medical curriculum
Authors: G. Maudsley
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Over recent decades, many countries have recognised that traditional undergraduate medical education must change substantially in order to match the changing healthcare needs of the population and become more centred on the students. 1 2 This changes the role of medical educators. Problem based learning is one approach to reform that has international credibility. Numerous undergraduate medical curriculums have incorporated problem based learning; in 1992-3, 27 North American medical curriculums were using this approach, 14 of them across the board.3

In 1993, three systematic reviews of problem based learning in undergraduate medical education were published. These reviews, spanning 20 years, were cautiously optimistic about the short term and long term outcomes of problem based learning compared with traditional approaches.4–6 They found that the results for students' evaluation of the programme; students' attendance, mood, and clinical performance; and faculty attitudes were better for problem based learning—even allowing for different definitions, curricular context and costs, and study design in the evidence base. Evidence about the coverage of basic science and curricular costs is conflicting,5 but Berkson believed that the students' enjoyment4 of the adult learning route to competence6 countered these concerns or unrealistic expectations.

Traditional medical schools face many difficulties—from the resistance of staff7 to underresourcing6—in converting comprehensively to problem based learning. These pitfalls were illustrated in the unsuccessful attempt to convert Otago Medical School, New Zealand.8 The pioneering problem based undergraduate medical curriculums originated in new medical schools—McMaster, Canada; Maastricht, Holland; and Newcastle, Australia. Nevertheless, large scale conversion continues, and includes (since the mid-1990s) the first British medical schools—Manchester, Liverpool, and Glasgow. This reflects the recommendations of the General Medical Council2 and worldwide imperatives to incorporate theories of adult and problem focused education.

Problem based learning is characterised by …
Development of an Analog Alexithymia Scale
Authors: Alice Faryna, Paul Rodenhauser, Moshe Torem
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

The present study describes a new self-administered Analog Alexithymia Scale (AAS). A nonpatient sample representing a broad range of ages and socioeconomic groups was used. Scores were normally distributed with 6.8% of subjects in the alexithymic range. Retest reliability was encouraging. The correlation between the AAS and the Schalling-Sifneos Personality Scale was low. Validity has not been established for either test. Factor analyses suggest distinct clinical components, the differentiation of which might facilitate understanding of the psychologic and neurophysiologic underpinnings of alexithymia. There is a need for a clinical standard for validating self-administered scales.
Perforation of small intestine and slow-K.
Authors: M A Farquharson-Roberts, A E Giddings, A J Nunn
Journal: BMJ (1975)

correlationi between the vaginal lhormoinal state and the hody wcigl-t.l)uring treatentcit (which was nutritive, not hiormonal) irn all but one case thcre was a signiticanit alteration in the vaginal hormnonal cytological pattern in that appearance ot a cyclic character coul(d bc demonstrated ailthoughi menstruation had not vct returned.'Wc ftind this method very uscful, particularly as it can be repeated frcquently.
Pain From Swallowing Cold Liquids
Authors: David J. Ott
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The results of Col George W. Meyer, MC, USAF, and Donald O. Castell, MD, concerning the effects of swallowing cold liquids on esophageal motility in man certainly contribute to a better understanding of cold-induced esophageal pain. The widely held assumption that chest pain resulting from ingestion of cold liquids was due to esophageal spasm has been purely speculative. We have recently published our results on the radiographic effects of cold barium suspensions on esophageal motility<sup>1</sup>and agree completely with the conclusions of Drs Meyer and Castell. In 70 patients without esophageal symptoms, baseline esophageal peristalsis was assessed radiographically with barium at room temperature. Twenty-eight patients were reexamined with chilled barium (4 °C), while the remainder were reassessed with iced barium (3 °C), and the results showed reduction of primary peristalsis in each group by 45% and 58%, respectively. In most of our patients, the esophagus assumed
PEI VERSUS CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING IN HIGH SURGICAL RISK PATIENTS WITH LEFT MAIN OR THREE–VESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Tonga Nfor, Kambiz Shetabi, Wael Hassan, Quinta Nfor, Jayant Khitha, Anjan Gupta, Tanvir Bajwa, Suhail Allaqaband
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Loss-of-Function Mutation in Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Identified in Unipolar Major Depression
Authors: Xiaodong Zhang, Raul R. Gainetdinov, Jean-Martin Beaulieu, Tatyana D. Sotnikova, Lauranell H. Burch, Redford B. Williams, David A. Schwartz, K.Ranga R. Krishnan, Marc G. Caron
Journal: Neuron (2005)
Coadsorption of HIV-1 p24 and gp120 proteins to surfactant-free anionic PLA nanoparticles preserves antigenicity and immunogenicity
Authors: Delphine Lamalle-Bernard, Séverine Munier, Christelle Compagnon, Marie-Hélène Charles, Vaniambadi S. Kalyanaraman, Thierry Delair, Bernard Verrier, Yasemin Ataman-Önal
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Guideline may help in prescribing vigabatrin right-circle
Authors: R. E Appleton
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR —In 1997 a severe visual field defect was reported in three adults who had taken vigabatrin for two or more years.1The following is a consensus guideline from a paediatric advisory group addressing the prescription of vigabatrin in children.

(1)The defect seems to be specific—a bilateral and symmetrical peripheral constriction with relative temporal sparing which,rarely, may be severe. The incidence in adults is estimated to be 10-20%. Its pathogenesis is unclear; it may or may not be reversible.The defect is not reliablyidentified by confrontation testing.

(2)If …
Periosteal Reaction of the Femur in an Infant With Fever
Authors: Larry W. Greer, Arnold C. Friedman, John E. Madewell
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>History</h3> A 5-month-old infant was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of a firm, tender, nonerythematous leftcheek swelling. Three weeks previously, she had been re-treated with antibiotics for a "left buccal cellulitis." On the day of admission, her temperature was 38 °C rectally, WBC count was 23,000/cu mm, and ESR was 60 mm/hr. At this time, treatment with intravenous ampicillin sodium and chloramphenicol sodium succinate was started for recurrent buccal cellulitis. Swelling and tenderness of the right thigh developed on the second day. Initial roentgenograms of the right femur showed only soft-tissue swelling. A film of the right femur obtained on the eighth day (Fig 1) demonstrates considerable periosteal reaction with cortical hyperostosis limited to the diaphysis. A radionuclide scan using technetium Tc 99m medronate (anterior view of the pelvis and lower extremities) demonstrates considerable uptake in the right femur and adjacent soft tissues (arrow) (Fig 2). The area of
Oral Manifestations of Local and Systemic Diseases.
Authors: R. E. Stone
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Oral Manifestations of Local and Systemic Diseases.R. E. Stone, M.D., F.A.C.P.R. E. Stone, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-683_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA semi-diagrammatic illustration of the normal anatomy of the oral structures is presented, and changes of these structures, particularly those of the tongue, that result from some important systemic and local disorders are demonstrated. Conditions discussed and illustrated may be classified roughly as follows: (1) disorders of nutrition and metabolism, including the various vitamin deficiency syndromes, anemias, and endocrine gland disturbances; (2) disorders of the neuromuscular and vascular systems; (3) disorders related to impaired salivary gland function and associated with senility, chronic arthritis, chronic malnutrition, and dysproteinemia; and (4) miscellaneous conditions related to allergy, neoplasms, infections, antibiotic therapy, chronic local... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Ill. (ML) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 683-683KeywordsAnemiaAntibioticsArthritisEndocrine physiologyEndocrine therapyMalnutritionNutritionSalivary glandsSystemic diseasesTongue Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Right Lower Quadrant Pain During Pregnancy
Authors: Remealle How, Krzysztof J. Wikiel, Giselle G. Hamad
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Book Review Coping with Methuselah: The Impact of Molecular Biology on Medicine and Society Edited by Henry J. Aaron and William B. Schwartz. 296 pp., illustrated. Washington, D.C., Brookings Institution Press, 2004. $48.95 (cloth); $19.95 (paper). 0-8157-0040-7 (cloth); 0-8157-0039-3 (paper).
Authors: Leonid Gavrilov
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)
Prolonged Bisphosphonate Use Linked to Rare Fractures, Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

TWO NEW REPORTS ADD TO CONcerns about the potential link between long-term use of bisphosphonates and serious adverse events. Bisphosphonates have become a mainstay of therapy for osteoporosis and have been demonstrated to substantially reduce hip fractures. However, a growing data set suggests that long-term use of these products is associated with an increased risk of a rare type of femoral fracture that occurs with little or no trauma. Additionally, there have been conflicting results on whether prolonged use might also be associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer. The latest data appear to support an association.
THE PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF PUERPERAL SEPSIS.
Authors: JOHN F. MORAN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The recent developments in bacteriology and pathology have demonstrated conclusively the fallacy of the previously accepted theory of the essentiality of puerperal sepsis, and likewise have been able to explain its manifold manifestations by showing that wound infections and puerperal infections are identical and may be due to a variety of pathogenic organisms. Streptococcus, staphylococcus, bacillus coli communis, gonococcus and pneumococcus are the most frequent causes of puerperal infection, while the bacillus of diptheria, anaerobic and other micro-organisms have been demonstrated to be occasional factors in the pathogeny. Streptococcus pyogenes is found in the body under a variety of circumstances, and is probably the most important cause of septicemia and pyemia following wounds of ulcerative endocarditis, of tonsillitis and erysipelas. Bacteriologic investigation shows it to be the most frequent cause of the various septic processes following labor, and it may be found pure or associated with other organisms. It has
Hyperkalemia Associated with Diarrhea
Authors: Alpha S. Yap
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Comments15 March 1990Hyperkalemia Associated with DiarrheaAlpha S. Yap, B Med Sci, MB BS, Gregory I. Hockings, MB BS, Philip D. Boyle, MB BSAlpha S. Yap, B Med Sci, MB BSSearch for more papers by this author, Gregory I. Hockings, MB BSSearch for more papers by this author, Philip D. Boyle, MB BSSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-3-112-6-470 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Severe hyperkalemia, which may produce muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias, is a recognized complication of renal failure. We report two cases of life-threatening hyperkalemia in patients on chronic dialysis in whom profuse diarrhea was the dominant symptom.Hemofiltration was begun in a 61-year-old woman with reflux nephropathy because of hypotension during hemodialysis. At each hemofiltration one-third of her body weight was replaced with fluid containing an intended 1 mmol/L KC1. Immediately after the first treatment she developed nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and profuse diarrhea that resolved before her next treatment. Similar symptoms, lasting 24 to 36 hours,...References1. HayslettBinder JH. Mechanism of potassium adaptation. Am J Physiol. 1982;243:F103-12. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Daniel E. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract. In: Code CF, ed. Handbook of Physiology, v 4. Washington DC: American Physiological Society; 1968:2267-324. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Royal Brisbane Hospital Brisbane, Queensland Australia 4029 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHyperkalemia with concomitant watery diarrhea: an unusual association 15 March 1990Volume 112, Issue 6Page: 470-470KeywordsArrhythmiaBody weightCardiac musclesDiarrheaHemofiltrationHypotensionMedical dialysisNauseaRenal failureVomiting Issue Published: 15 March 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
SHOULD CASES OF TUBERCULAR CONSUMPTION BE REPORTED TO LOCAL BOARDS OF HEALTH?Read at the Meeting of the Northern Tri-State Medical Association, held at Angola, Ind., July 17, 1894.
Authors: J. F. JENKINS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The question with  above heading should be stated somewhat after  following manner: Should a case of pulmonary tuberculosis be reported to  local board of health as a case of contagious disease?  It has been estimated by very competent men, that tubercular consumption carries off about one-seventh of  human race. When we take into consideration  great number of diseases that flesh is heir to, this must be considered a very high death rate from a single disease.  The efforts put forth by  various governments of  civilized world to prevent  spread of Asiatic cholera are very great indeed, yet  death rate from cholera with all its ravages is never equal to  death rate of the great white plague, pulmonary tuberculosis. The disease has invaded almost every part of  habitable world; it enters  palace of  prince, as well as
The case for slowing down
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2005)

“Forty-eight years old, profoundly asleep at nine thirty on a Friday night—this is modern professional life.” Henry Perowne, neurosurgeon and central character of Ian McEwan's new book, Saturday (p 368), “hits the [hospital] corridors with an impatient stride his retinue struggles to match,” considers each glass of wine on Saturday a gamble in case he is called to an emergency, and suffers an unfortunate road rage incident. BMJ readers will have shared many of Perowne's experiences, including road rage—if you don't encounter this once a week in London you can't be driving properly. Might road rage be better considered …
Is the Prophylactic Use of Antiemetics in Surgical Patients Justified?
Authors: John Adriani
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The incidence of postoperative vomiting was studied during a 10-week period in a recovery room. Vomiting occurred in 520 (23%) of the 2,230 cases. Often it was limited to one or two episodes as the reflexes became active. Only in 3% of the patients was it severe enough to be considered as calling for drug therapy. In nearly every case the vomiting was thus controlled. The hydrochlorides of promethazine, triflupromazine, and trimethobenzamide were equally effective. During the past 10 years antiemetic drugs have been administered routinely before anesthesia as prophylaxis against anticipated vomiting, but in the opinion of the authors the facts do not justify the routine use of antiemetics for this purpose.
Tic-Tac-Toe Burns — The Hazard of Exposed Floor-Type Room Heaters
Authors: Julian A. Waller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THIS paper will call attention to a vehicle for childhood trauma that has taken a high toll of minor and major injuries but has as yet eluded notoriety. During a one-year period from 1958 to 1959, I conducted a child-health conference with a case load of about 50 children under two years of age for the Contra Costa County Health Department in California. Within this period 9 children suffered burns on 13 separate occasions from falls onto the grating of room heaters set just below floor level. A summary of these injuries is presented in Table 1.The danger of these . . .
Macrophages: An elusive yet emerging therapeutic target of atherosclerosis
Authors: R.L. Tiwari, V. Singh, M.K. Barthwal
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2007)

Abstract Macrophages are central to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and thus can be very appropriate targets for therapy. Cell adhesion molecules mediating monocytes recruitment to the endothelium are attractive therapy targets and their inhibitors are in clinical trials. Macrophage scavenger receptors like SR‐A and CD‐36 mediate foam cell formation by facilitating the uptake of modified lipids. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR), liver X receptor (LXR)‐mediated signaling, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced phosphorylation events seem to play an important role in this phenomenon. Proteins affecting macrophage cholesterol metabolism and transport, including ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) A1, ABCG1, acyl‐CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), apolipoprotein A‐1 (ApoA‐1), neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (NCEH) also regulate foam cell formation and are being developed as therapeutic targets by many pharmaceutical companies. Macrophage proliferation and apoptosis are important events controlling inflammatory response, plaque vulnerability, and destabilization. Free cholesterol (FC) activates the macrophage endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway and apoptosis. Free radicals and nitric oxide also modulate macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis. Various antioxidants like AGI‐1067 and BO‐653 are in clinical trials for atherosclerosis treatment. Macrophage matrix metalloproteinase's (MMP's) play a significant role in weakening and rupture of plaques. Efforts are on to develop isoform specific MMP inhibitor. CD‐14, MMP‐3, ABCA1, Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR‐4), lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LOX‐1), arachidonate lipoxygenase‐15 (ALOX‐15), and Connexin37 polymorphisms and macrophage dysfunction signify their importance in atherosclerosis. Deciphering the role of macrophages in regulating dyslipidemia and inflammation during atherosclerosis is important for developing them as therapeutic targets. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 4, 483–544, 2008