tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16666: Osteopontin - A Novel Biomarker for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Matthias Lutz, Mark Rosenberg, Evgenia Markeeva, Thomas Heger, Hugo A Katus, Norbert Frey
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background and Hypothesis: Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that plays an important role in myocardial remodeling. Moreover, our group has previously shown that OPN plasma levels are not only elevated in chronic systolic left heart failure but also predict an adverse prognosis. We now tested the hypothesis whether OPN plasma levels are of diagnostic value in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction due to pressure overload caused by arterial hypertension. Methods: After exclusion of significant coronary artery disease we included 92 patients with cardiac hypertrophy and hypertensive heart disease, 34 healthy subjects served as controls. OPN plasma levels were determined by ELISA and correlated with clinical symptoms and echocardiographic as well as hemodynamic parameters of LVH and diastolic dysfunction. Results: Median OPN was significantly elevated in patients with LVH compared to healthy controls (682.2 ng/ml vs. 296.1 ng/ml; p 16 mmHg: 920.3 ng/ml vs. LVEDP ≤ 16 mmHg: 777.8 ng/ml; p&lt;0.01). Additionally, OPN levels showed a positive correlation with LVEDP (r=0.32; p&lt;0.05). Furthermore, higher OPN plasma levels were also associated with progressive enlargement of left atrial size (r=0.53; p&lt;0.01). Consistently, OPN levels were higher in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to subjects with sinus rhythm (871.0 ng/ml vs. 627.9 ng/ml; p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Our data show for the first time that OPN plasma levels are elevated in patients with LVH and diastolic dysfunction. Moreover, increased OPN plasma levels appear to correlate with advanced cardiac remodeling and atrial fibrillation, a known trigger of morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Hence, OPN might be useful as a non-invasive biomarker in patients with LVH and diastolic dysfunction.
Ifosfamide in plasma cell leukemia: A report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Hemant Malhotra, Boman N. Dhabhar, Tapan K. Saikia, Ramkrishnan Gopal, Kanchan S. Nadkarni, Chandrika N. Nair, Suresh H. Advani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract We report two patients with primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) treated with a single agent, ifosfamide. One patient had a total disappearance of plasma cells (PC) from the peripheral blood and the bone marrow and disappearance of the myeloma protein, is disease free 8 months after completion of treatment, and alive 14 months after diagnosis. The second patient had a partial response with persistence of plasma cells in the bone marrow lasting 7 months, after which she had a frank relapse of the disease. We suggest that ifosfamide may be an active agent in plasma cell malignancies and needs further evaluation in multiple myeloma. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebral Perfusion Changes in Schizophrenic Patients Using Tc-99m Hexamethylpropylene Amineoxime (HMPAO)
Authors: H. M. ABDEL-DAYEM, S. EL-HILU, M. R.C. PSYCH, A. SEHWEIL, E. HIGAZI, S. JAHAN, M. SALHAT, S. AL-MOHANNADI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amineoxime (HMPAO) was used to image cerebral perfusion changes in 20 patients with chronic schizophrenia (19 male and 1 female, aged 22–48, at an average age of 29.0). All were being given neuroleptic drugs. Twelve had electroconvulsive therapy. In addition, all had abnormal studies except one, who was normal and had a poor response to treatment. Ventricular dilatation and cerebral atrophy was seen in eleven patients, and 77 focal lesions were detected. Forty-two lesions demonstrated increased HMPAO retention, which was distributed as follows: 26 in the basal ganglia in 14 patients (12 bilateral, 2 unilateral); 10 along the sylvian fissure in the parietotemporal region; and 3 in the frontal and 1 in each of the temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. Thirty-five focal lesions exhibited decreased perfusion: ten parietal, eight frontal, seven temporal, six cerebellar, and four occipital lobes. This study demonstrates the potential value of Tc-99m HMPAO in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.
Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene Reduces Testosterone Production in Rat Leydig Cells via a Direct Disturbance of Testicular Steroidogenic Machinery
Authors: Jin-Yong Chung, Yoon-Jae Kim, Ji Young Kim, Seung Gee Lee, Ji-Eun Park, Won Rok Kim, Yong-Dal Yoon, Ki Soo Yoo, Young Hyun Yoo, Jong-Min Kim
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Background: Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that is currently suspected of being an endocrine disruptor. The testis is an important target for PAHs, yet insufficient attention has been paid to their effects on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells.Objective: We hypothesized that long-term exposure to low concentrations of B[a]P might disrupt testosterone production in Leydig cells via an alteration of steroidogenic proteins.Results: Oral exposure to B[a]P reduced serum and intratesticular fluid testosterone levels in rats. However, we did not observe serious testicular atrophy or azoospermia, although spermatogonial apoptosis was significantly increased. Compared with control cells, Leydig cells primed with B[a]P in vivo produced less testosterone in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or dibutyl cyclic adenosine monophosphate in vitro. Of note, the reduction of testosterone levels was accompanied by decreased expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), as well as increased levels of cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (P450scc), in Leydig cells. The up-regulation of P450scc expression after exposure to B[a]P appears to be associated with a compensatory mechanism for producing the maximum amount of pregnenolone with the minimum amount of transported cholesterol by StAR; the down-regulation of 3β-HSD may occur because B[a]P can negatively target 3β-HSD, which is required for testosterone production.Conclusions: B[a]P exposure can decrease epididymal sperm quality, possibly by disturbing testosterone levels, and StAR may be a major steroidogenic protein that is targeted by B[a]P or other PAHs.
THE PROBABLE EMBRYOLOGIC ORIGIN OF MIXED TUMORS OF THE TESTICLE
Authors: A. C. STOKES
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In presenting this paper I do not hope to add any new facts to those already accessible, only to bear witness to the position taken in the literature regarding the pathology and probable origin of mixed testicular tumors. In the last two years I have met with two cases of tumor of the testicle worthy of attention. <h3>Case 1.</h3> —O. M., waiter, colored, aged 29, was seen early in 1911. He gave a negative family and personal history, especially in regard to new growths. As seems to be the usual thing in these cases, he gave a history of an injury to the testicle at the age of 12 years, but had no trouble to speak of till about ten months before we saw him. He did say that he had had dull pain in this testicle at times for ten years previously, and that the testicle seemed larger than
Ethnic Differences in the Effect of Asthma on Pulmonary Function in Children
Authors: Yue Zhang, Rob McConnell, Frank Gilliland, Kiros Berhane
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits.To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function.We evaluated the impact of asthma on lung function in 3,245 Hispanic and non-Hispanic white school children (age 10-18 yr) in a longitudinal analysis of the Southern California Children's Health Study. Sex-specific mixed-effects regression spline models were fitted separately for each ethnic group.Large deficits in flows were observed among children with asthma diagnosed before age 4 years regardless of ethnicity. Hispanic girls with asthma had greater deficits in flows than non-Hispanic girls and were largest for maximal midexpiratory flow (-5.13% compared with -0.58%, respectively). A bigger impact of asthma in Hispanic girls was also found for FEV(1), FEF(75), and PEF (P value 0.04, 0.07, and 0.005, respectively). These ethnic differences were limited to girls diagnosed after age 4 years. In boys, asthma was also associated with greater deficits in flows among Hispanic than in non-Hispanic white children (differences that were not statistically significant). Ethnic differences in prevalence of pets and pests in the home, health insurance coverage, parental education, and smoking did not explain the pattern of lung function differences.Larger asthma-associated lung function deficits in Hispanics, especially among girls, merit further investigation to determine public health implications and to identify causes amenable to intervention.
Malignant Mesenchymoma of Pleura in Infancy
Authors: Donald B. Darling
Journal: JAMA (1967)

THE term "mesenchymoma" is usually used to denote a rapidly growing, undifferentiated mesenchymal tumor offering a very poor prognosis. It is a common tumor in infancy. Its cells may be completely undifferentiated or in places may show varying types and degrees of cellular differentiation. Such a tumor, arising in the pleura, is the subject of this paper. No similar case has been found in the literature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 3-month-old female infant was admitted to the Boston Floating Hospital with a history of hemothorax on the right. The infant had apparently been in good health until two days prior to admission. Heavy and rapid breathing suddenly developed and this was associated with expiratory grunting. There was an absence of breath sounds and there was dullness to percussion on the right. The temperature was 101 F (38.3 C). An x-ray film of the chest showed fluid in the right
Guided Antithrombotic Therapy: Current Status and Future Research Direction
Authors: Valentin Fuster, Deepak L. Bhatt, Robert M. Califf, Alan D. Michelson, Marc S. Sabatine, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Eric R. Bates, David J. Cohen, Barry S. Coller, Bruce Furie, Jean-Sebastien Hulot, Kenneth G. Mann, Jessica L. Mega, Kiran Musunuru, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Matthew J. Price, David J. Schneider, Daniel I. Simon, Jeffrey I. Weitz, Marlene S. Williams, W. Keith Hoots, Yves D. Rosenberg, Ahmed A.K. Hasan
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Notch1 acts via Foxc2 to promote definitive hematopoiesis via effects on hemogenic endothelium
Authors: Il Ho Jang, Yi-Fen Lu, Long Zhao, Pamela L. Wenzel, Tsutomu Kume, Sumon M. Datta, Natasha Arora, Jordi Guiu, Mounia Lagha, Peter G. Kim, Eun Kyoung Do, Jae Ho Kim, Thorsten M. Schlaeger, Leonard I. Zon, Anna Bigas, Caroline E. Burns, George Q. Daley
Journal: Blood (2015)
Left Atrial Myxoma
Authors: Ritu Gill, Sary F Aranki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 63-year-old man who was a retired truck driver had undergone four-vessel coronary-artery bypass grafting and was well, with no recurrent symptoms. However, on follow-up stress echocardiography to assess left ventricular function 14 months later, mild dilatation of the left atrium was noted, and a mass (3.2 by 1.6 cm) adhering to the left atrial septum and extending into the left atrial lumen, suggestive of a myxoma, was also found. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed the presence of the left atrial mass (indicated by an arrow in this coronal view of the heart). The mass was consistent with the diagnosis of . . .
Thromboplastin Generation Test
Authors: Armand J. Quick
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In the classical theory of blood coagulation, it was postulated that prothrombin was converted to thrombin through the action of calcium and thromboplastin. It is now established that circulating blood contains no active thromboplastin but that thromboplastin is generated during coagulation. The three major factors required for its production are platelets, factor VIII, and factor IX, the agents lacking in thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, and Christmas disease (hemophilia B), respectively. Biggs and Douglas<sup>1</sup>devised a direct method for measuring the generation of thromboplastin by mixing (1) platelets; (2) diluted plasma adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide which retains its concentration of factor VIII but is devoid of prothrombin and factors VII, IX, and X; and (3) serum which is low in prothrombin, devoid of factor VIII, but rich in factor IX. On recalcification and incubation a thromboplastin activity develops which is measured on normal plasma by a one-stage prothrombin technique. When the
Mortality among Patients Admitted to Strained Intensive Care Units
Authors: Nicole B. Gabler, Sarah J. Ratcliffe, Jason Wagner, David A. Asch, Gordon D. Rubenfeld, Derek C. Angus, Scott D. Halpern
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

The aging population may strain intensive care unit (ICU) capacity and adversely affect patient outcomes. Existing fluctuations in demand for ICU care offer an opportunity to explore such relationships.To determine whether transient increases in ICU strain influence patient mortality, and to identify characteristics of ICUs that are resilient to surges in capacity strain.Retrospective cohort study of 264,401 patients admitted to 155 U.S. ICUs from 2001 to 2008. We used logistic regression to examine relationships of measures of ICU strain (census, average acuity, and proportion of new admissions) near the time of ICU admission with mortality.A total of 36,465 (14%) patients died in the hospital. ICU census on the day of a patient's admission was associated with increased mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 per standardized unit increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00, 1.03). This effect was greater among ICUs employing closed (OR, 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.12) versus open (OR, 1.01; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.03) physician staffing models (interaction P value = 0.02). The relationship between census and mortality was stronger when the census was composed of higher acuity patients (interaction P value < 0.01). Averaging strain over the first 3 days of patients' ICU stays yielded similar results except that the proportion of new admissions was now also associated with mortality (OR, 1.04 for each 10% increase; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06).Several sources of ICU strain are associated with small but potentially important increases in patient mortality, particularly in ICUs employing closed staffing models. Although closed ICUs may promote favorable outcomes under static conditions, they are susceptible to being overwhelmed by patient influxes.
On Ulceration of the Cervix and Os Uteri, and Its Occasional Cause of Dysmenorrh a
Authors: S. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1847)

The subject, Mr. President, which I intend to bring under the notice of the Association, is that of simple or inflammatory ulceration of the cervix and os uteri, confessedly the mostcommon of all the diseases of the uterus, and for that reason the more important that its nature and most successful method of treatment should be studied and appreciated.In connection, I would wish to draw particular attention to the occasional occurrence of dysmenorrhea as an effect of the disease.The drawbacks for investigating the condition of the internal female organs of generation, in this country, are numerous, and those who have made this branch of our profession a subject of special study, will agree with me when I assert, that a delicacy of feeling in the patient, which I, at the same time, cannot too highly commend, has been hitherto, too frequently fostered on the part of the medical practitioner, by his not duly estimating its importance, and thus caused an additional impediment to the necessary examination with the speculum, necessary alike, I believe, to the welfare of the patient and the reputation of the practitioner; and if, Sir, the welfare of the former be connected with such an investigation, may not the phy- sician's delicacy be construed into an almost criminal neglect, if he thus allows evils to continue for years disappointing hopes of relief, and leaving for a last resort, that which is from the beginning the only rational and efficient mode of treatment.I am quite *ware that slight sores and abrasions, from various causes, very frequently recover without any or very little treatment whatever, yet the cases tbat are so frequently met with of severe ulceration continuing for yers, without even a proposal for the employment of the speculum, and a consequent neglect of remnedies pPlifd to the diseased part, and subsequently the rapid gmrei hich I hare seem effected by means of that, Nlo.S, Septembet8, 1847.
Abstract 4117: Increased pancreatic adipocyte hypertrophy in EL-Kras/PEDF null mice with versus without pancreatic cancer
Authors: Arash Samiei, Philip S. Fitchev, David J. Bentrem, Laleh G. Melstrom, Kevin Adrian, Mona L. Cornwell, Susan E. Crawford, Paul J. Grippo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Understanding non-parenchymal contributions to disease etiology and factors that assess risk and prognosis are currently key points of interest in pancreatic cancer research. One such focus is in regards to fat, where obesity and increased visceral fat enhance risk and predict worse prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), initially identified for its potent anti-angiogenic activity, has been recently implicated in metabolism and adipogenesis, and loss of PEDF in mice promotes pancreatic hyperplasia and visceral obesity. In an attempt to create a model of pancreatic cancer that emulates metabolic features related to fat content, we generated PEDF knockout mice with KrasG12D-induced pancreatic neoplasia, where oncogenic Kras can also induce adipogenesis (typically observed as lipoatrophy). We have recently shown that EL-KrasG12D/PEDF null mice developed invasive pancreatic cancer associated with increased peripancreatic fat with adipocyte hypertrophy and pancreatic steatosis. Indeed, the stroma within the pancreas of these mice demonstrated higher levels of tail interacting protein 47 (TIP47, Perilipin 3) and adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP, Perilipin 2), two lipid droplet associated proteins. In this study, we expanded upon this work to demonstrate that in most EL-Kras/PEDF null mice, there appeared to be greater number of neoplastic lesions near neighboring fat stores. In addition, there was a significant increase in the size of adipocytes (greater adipocyte hypertrophy) in EL-Kras/PEDF null mice with invasive cancer as opposed to age-matched mice with an identical genotype without the presence of cancer. Despite increased adipocytes in mice with cancer, there was no significant difference in overall body weight between these cohorts of animals. Future work aims at identifying if neoplastic lesions near adipocytes have a greater proliferative index and hence an increase in size. Ultimately, we hope to demonstrate that larger and more numerous adipocytes contribute to the development of pancreatic cancer. These data highlight the importance of lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment and identify PEDF as a critical negative regulator of both adiposity and tumor invasion in the pancreas, with implications that PEDF's effect on fat stores may induce cellular events leading to invasive disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4117. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4117
Risk-benefit profile of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD is still unclear
Authors: R. D. Turgeon, A. M. Tejani
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Park and colleagues’ review acknowledges the harms associated with using inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).1 To help clinicians make informed decisions, we wish to clarify the absolute benefits and harms.

Estimates of benefit were less optimistic in an up-to-date and comprehensive Cochrane review,2 partly because of Park and colleagues’ unconventional derivation of the number needed …
Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Excision and Replacement by Homograft
Authors: HENRY T. BAHNSON
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Fourteen patients with arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta are described. Excision of the aneurysm and reconstruction by an aortic homograft have been used in all cases. One patient from whom a ruptured aneurysm was excised, died after operation of uremia. Two other patients died of coronary artery disease after leaving the hospital. The remaining patients are well. Early results with this form of treatment are significantly better than those obtained by less definitive methods used in the past.
787-3 Efficacy and Safety of Early Administration of Intravenous Enalaprilat in Congestive Heart Failure Patients with Acute Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Djillali Annane, Eric Bellissant, Eric Pussard, Roland Asmar, Florence Lacombe, Olivier Madonna, Michel Safar, Jean-François Giudicelli, Philippe Gajdos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The effect of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on an isolated perfused rat heart-lung preparation.
Authors: R S Labow, Y A Barry, M Tocchi, W J Keon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), the plasticizer used in the biomedical production of blood storage bags, hemodialysis systems, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuitry, and intubation tubes, is extracted from the plastic material when it comes into contact with biological fluids and is converted to its principal metabolite, mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP). We have shown that MEHP causes cardiac and respiratory arrest, as well as hypotension, when infused into anesthetized rats. Using a well-ventilated in vitro rat heart-lung preparation, we investigated the effect of MEHP on pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and found that MEHP had a hypertensive effect on the pulmonary vasculature ending in constriction and edema. There was a significant increase of 0.58 mm Hg/min in the PAP of isolated rat lungs when perfused with MEHP dissolved in Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) buffer (p = 0.0003). The rat lungs that were perfused with K-H buffer only increased 0.094 mm Hg/min during the same perfusion time of 20 min. The water gained during this time was 0.22 g/min with MEHP in the buffer compared to 0.04 g/min with buffer alone. The pO2 in the effluent did not decrease during the perfusion time. The concentration of MEHP in the rat lungs after perfusion varied from 20 to 40 micrograms/g. Although the mechanism of action of MEHP on PAP is too complex to be fully elucidated by this model, the increase in PAP which we have demonstrated is significant and adds yet another toxic effect of this major metabolite of the ubiquitous plasticizer, DEHP.
Prophylactic Oophorectomy in Carriers of<i>BRCA1</i>or<i>BRCA2</i>Mutations
Authors: Timothy R. Rebbeck, Henry T. Lynch, Susan L. Neuhausen, Steven A. Narod, Laura van't Veer, Judy E. Garber, Gareth Evans, Claudine Isaacs, Mary B. Daly, Ellen Matloff, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Barbara L. Weber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Data concerning the efficacy of bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy for reducing the risk of gynecologic cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are limited. We investigated whether this procedure reduces the risk of cancers of the coelomic epithelium and breast in women who carry such mutations.