tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED AIR-DRIVEN TYPE OF ULTRACENTRIFUGE FOR MOLECULAR SEDIMENTATION
Authors: Johannes H. Bauer, Edward G. Pickels
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

1. A description is given of the construction details and operation characteristics of an improved type of air-driven ultracentrifuge operating in vacuum and suitable for the determination of sedimentation constants of protein molecules. 2. The rotor of the centrifuge is made of a forged aluminum alloy; it is oval in shape, measures 185 mm. at its greatest diameter, and weighs 3,430 gm. It carries a transparent cell located at a distance of 65 mm. from the axis of rotation and designed to accommodate a fluid column 15 mm. high. 3. The rotor has been run repeatedly over long periods at a speed of 60,000 R.P.M., which corresponds to a centrifugal force of 260,000 times gravity in the center of the cell. At this speed no deformation of the rotor nor leakage of the cell has been observed. 4. The sharp definition of sedimentation photographs taken at high speed serves to indicate the absence of detectable vibrations in the centrifuge. 5. When a vacuum of less than 1 micron of mercury is maintained in the centrifuge chamber, the rise in the rotor temperature amounts to only 1 or 2°C. after several hours' run at high speed. 6. There has been no evidence of convection currents interfering with normal sedimentation of protein molecules in the centrifugal field. 7. A driving air pressure of about 18 pounds per square inch is sufficient to maintain the centrifuge at a steady speed of 60,000 R.P.M. With a driving pressure of 80 pounds per square inch, it can be accelerated to this speed in less than 20 minutes, and also brought to rest in about the same length of time by the application of the braking system. 8. The adaptation of Svedberg's optical systems to this centrifuge for photographically recording the movement of sedimentation boundaries is described.
Hepatitis C virus and lymphomagenesis: Another piece of evidence
Authors: O Hermine, F Lefrere, Jp Bronowicki, X Mariette, K Jondeau, V Eclache-Saudreau, B Delmas, F Valensi, P Cacoub, C Brechot, B Varet, X Troussard, Francesco Negro
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Some epidemiologic studies suggest a link between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and some B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. We undertook this study after a patient with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes had a hematologic response after antiviral treatment of HCV infection. Nine patients who had splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and HCV infection were treated with interferon alfa-2b (3 million IU three times per week) alone or in combination with ribavirin (1000 to 1200 mg per day). The outcomes were compared with those of six similarly treated patients with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes who tested negative for HCV infection. Of the nine patients with HCV infection who received interferon alfa, seven had a complete remission after the loss of detectable HCV RNA. The other two patients had a partial and a complete remission after the addition of ribavirin and the loss of detectable HCV RNA. One patient had a relapse when the HCV RNA load again became detectable in blood. In contrast, none of the six HCV-negative patients had a response to interferon therapy. In patients with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes who are infected with HCV, treatment with interferon can lead to regression of the lymphoma.
Therapy of the Kasabach‐Merritt syndrome with cryoprecipitate plus intra‐arterial thrombin and aminocaproic acid
Authors: Robert L. Stahl, J. Michael Henderson, Michael A. Hooks, Louis G. Martin, Alexander Duncan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

A patient with the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and congestive heart failure due to a giant hepatic cavernous hemangioma achieved thrombosis of his tumor with a combination of cryoprecipitate plus intra-arterial thrombin and epsilon aminocaproic acid. This was documented by an absence of Indium 111-labelled platelet sequestration, marked decrease in thrombin:antithrombin complex generation, and normalization of platelet count and fibrinogen. Interventional angiography with aminocaproic acid and thrombin is advocated in patients whose tumors are amenable to such an approach so as to avoid a systemic antifibrinolytic state.
Abstract B36: DNA methylation profiling describes Wilms tumor evolution from its precursor lesion
Authors: Jocelyn Charlton, Richard Williams, Marisa Alcaide-German, Neil Sebire, Sergey Popov, Kathy Pritchard-Jones, Stephan Beck
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric renal cancer and represents a model of disruption in kidney development with observed lesions of undifferentiated embryonic kidney termed nephrogenic rests (NR) which are considered precursor lesions. Epigenetic dysregulation plays a large part in Wilms tumorigenesis as dysregulation of IGF2/H19 is the most common aberration observed in ~70% WT. To provide new insights into the molecular evolution of WT from its precursor lesions, genome-wide CpG methylation, which has frequently been shown to alter gene expression in cancer, was studied using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip array. Matched normal kidney (NK), NR and WT were sampled from 30 patient nephrectomies. To ensure precise microdissection, DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue after histological analysis. Analysis of methylation β-values revealed an increase in methylation variability in both the NR and WT tissue. Linear modeling further supported the role of NR as a precursor lesion however showed that, although morphologically similar to embryonic kidney, the NR tissue is a unique entity. Furthermore, drastic epigenetic restructuring is observed in NR tissue including large regions of hyper- and hypomethylation previously associated with cancer tissue. This novel data suggests the NR has a cancer-like methylome. Further changes in DNA methylation were observed upon evolution of NR to WT. These ‘late event' methylation variable positions have the potential to be developed into an assay for differential detection of NR or WT in diagnostically challenging cases. These results lead us to propose that during Wilms tumorigenesis, NR are prevented from completing nephrogenesis and continue divergent evolution into a separate entity distinct from the embryonic kidney. These NR are precancerous lesions that then evolve into WT. Citation Format: Jocelyn Charlton, Richard Williams, Marisa Alcaide-German, Neil Sebire, Sergey Popov, Kathy Pritchard-Jones, Stephan Beck. DNA methylation profiling describes Wilms tumor evolution from its precursor lesion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B36.
TYPES OF MEMBRANOUS PHARYNGITIS.
Authors: W. E. CASSELBERRY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Under the irritating action of any one of several species of infectious micro-organisms, there exudes upon the surface and into the substance of the pharyngeal mucosa a whitish-gray deposit known as a false membrane or exudate. The histologic changes consist of necrosis of the epithelium and alteration in the vessel walls with the exudation of a coagulable albuminoid substance derived from the blood serum and mixed with fibrin, desquamated epithelium and leucocytes. While the membranes differ somewhat in physical characters and composition in accordance with the intensity of the inflammation and the species of infecting germ, the distinctions are so slight as to be unreliable in diagnosis, except in connection with bacteriologic examination, supported by a close study of the symptom-complex. A familiar form of diffused exudate in the pharynx is that excited by the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus, which receives the distinctive title of true diphtheria. Most of the other diffused
Effect on smoking quit rate of telling patients their lung age: the Step2quit randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gary Parkes, Trisha Greenhalgh, Mark Griffin, Richard Dent
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the impact of telling patients their estimated spirometric lung age as an incentive to quit smoking. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Five general practices in Hertfordshire, England. <b>Participants</b> 561 current smokers aged over 35. <b>Intervention</b> All participants were offered spirometric assessment of lung function. Participants in intervention group received their results in terms of "lung age" (the age of the average healthy individual who would perform similar to them on spirometry). Those in the control group received a raw figure for forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>). Both groups were advised to quit and offered referral to local NHS smoking cessation services. <b>Main outcome measures</b> The primary outcome measure was verified cessation of smoking by salivary cotinine testing 12 months after recruitment. Secondary outcomes were reported changes in daily consumption of cigarettes and identification of new diagnoses of chronic obstructive lung disease. <b>Results</b> Follow-up was 89%. Independently verified quit rates at 12 months in the intervention and control groups, respectively, were 13.6% and 6.4% (difference 7.2%, P=0.005, 95% confidence interval 2.2% to 12.1%; number needed to treat 14). People with worse spirometric lung age were no more likely to have quit than those with normal lung age in either group. Cost per successful quitter was estimated at £280 (€366, $556). A new diagnosis of obstructive lung disease was made in 17% in the intervention group and 14% in the control group; a total of 16% (89/561) of participants. <b>Conclusion</b> Telling smokers their lung age significantly improves the likelihood of them quitting smoking, but the mechanism by which this intervention achieves its effect is unclear. <b>Trial registration</b> National Research Register N0096173751.
Allocating resources to health authorities: results and policy implications of small area analysis of use of inpatient services
Authors: P Smith, T A Sheldon, R A Carr-Hill, S Martin, S Peacock, G Hardman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A study designed to identify the principal determinants ofuse ofinpatient facilities in NHS hospitals in England used the data and methods outlined in the previous paper.The model for the psychiatric sector contains mortality, self reported morbidity, and social variables indicating deprivation and the level of care at home.The non-acute model contains mortality and several socioeconomic variables.The models lay less weight on age than the current formula, and a national formula based on these models would, in the acute sector, redistribute resources to poorer areas compared with the current formula.This paper gives a brief summary of the results of a study undertaken at the University of York to identify the principal determinants of inpatient use of NHS hospitals.'The sources of data and methods used are described in the accompanying paper.2The results of this study form the basis of recommendations by a Department of Health steering group to the secretary of state for health for a new weighted capitation formula that will be used to allocate about 1 8 billion of hospital and community health service funds each year to health authorities in England.We present first estimates of the use of hospital and community health service resources by age and sex and then analyse additional health and socioeconomic determinants of use in the acute and mental illness specialties.We then describe the methods used to develop a formula for distributing hospital and community health service funds to health authorities and give some illustrative consequences for resource allocation.
Reduced Hemoglobin Dilution Curves in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Function.
Authors: M. McIlroy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Reduced Hemoglobin Dilution Curves in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Function.M. McIlroy, M.D.M. McIlroy, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-716_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWhen the alveolar oxygen tension is suddenly lowered for several seconds and then raised above its initial level, the blood leaving the lungs temporarily contains an increased concentration of reduced hemoglobin (Hb). This procedure is equivalent to the pulmonary capillary blood. The principles governing the detection of changes in concentration of this indicator at a distant sampling site with an ear oximeter are similar to those used in conventional indicators. After a deep exhalation the subject takes a single deep breath of nitrogen, breathes out, and takes a single deep breath of oxygen. The effect of the deep breath of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. McIlroy, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 716-716KeywordsAttentionBloodCapillariesHemoglobinLungsOxygen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prescribing Protease Inhibitors for the Homeless-Reply
Authors: David Bangsberg
Journal: JAMA (1997)

ABSTRACT In Reply. —We agree with Dr Lyman that it may not be possible for many of her patients to succeed with combination antiretroviral regimens. We also agree that having limited goals is important and that modifying the delivery system to provide usable services like twice-a-week preventative therapy for tuberculosis is the first priority in this population. Blanket recommendations to prescribe protease inhibitors do not always serve either our patients or the public health. With some severely mentally ill and substance-using patients, successful delivery of prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii or isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis is a substantial achievement.However, system barriers account for some of the difficulty in managing severely mentally ill, substance-using patients. These patients are often underinsured and require more time than the typical clinic schedule allows. Some clinicians are not eager to share the responsibility in managing their multidisciplinary problems through referral and consultation. We find that patient-resistant clinicians are
Effect of Prone Positioning on the Survival of Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Luciano Gattinoni, Gianni Tognoni, Antonio Pesenti, Paolo Taccone, Daniele Mascheroni, Violeta Labarta, Roberto Malacrida, Paola Di Giulio, Roberto Fumagalli, Paolo Pelosi, Luca Brazzi, Roberto Latini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Although placing patients with acute respiratory failure in a prone (face down) position improves their oxygenation 60 to 70 percent of the time, the effect on survival is not known.
Recovery of long-term natural protection against reactivation of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients responding to highly active antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Giovanni Di Perri, Sandro Vento, Romualdo Mazzi, Stefano Bonora, Adriana Bonora, Marco Trevenzoli, Benedetta Allegranzi, Giovanni Carretta, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Sergio Pizzighella, Ercole Concia
Journal: Journal of Infection (1999)
Stent implantation in aortocoronary vein grafts: A multicenter registry report
Authors: Martin B. Leon, Augusto D. Pichard, Donald S. Baim, Stephen G. Ellis, Sheldon Goldberg, John N. Hirshfeld, Paul S. Tierstein, Michael W. Cleman, Naurice Buchbinder, Craig Walker, Richard S. Schatz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
In vivo selective imaging and inhibition of leukemia stem-like cells using the fluorescent carbocyanine derivative, DiOC5(3)
Authors: Beibei Zhang, Yasuhito Shimada, Junya Kuroyanagi, Michiko Ariyoshi, Tsuyoshi Nomoto, Taichi Shintou, Noriko Umemoto, Yuhei Nishimura, Takeshi Miyazaki, Toshio Tanaka
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Ritratto del Cuore (Portrait of the Heart)
Authors: J. Michael Gaziano, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Screening and Adjuvant Therapy on Mortality from Breast Cancer
Authors: Donald A. Berry, Kathleen A. Cronin, Sylvia K. Plevritis, Dennis G. Fryback, Lauren Clarke, Marvin Zelen, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Andrei Y. Yakovlev, J. Dik F. Habbema, Eric J. Feuer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We used modeling techniques to assess the relative and absolute contributions of screening mammography and adjuvant treatment to the reduction in breast-cancer mortality in the United States from 1975 to 2000.A consortium of investigators developed seven independent statistical models of breast-cancer incidence and mortality. All seven groups used the same sources to obtain data on the use of screening mammography, adjuvant treatment, and benefits of treatment with respect to the rate of death from breast cancer.The proportion of the total reduction in the rate of death from breast cancer attributed to screening varied in the seven models from 28 to 65 percent (median, 46 percent), with adjuvant treatment contributing the rest. The variability across models in the absolute contribution of screening was larger than it was for treatment, reflecting the greater uncertainty associated with estimating the benefit of screening.Seven statistical models showed that both screening mammography and treatment have helped reduce the rate of death from breast cancer in the United States.
Exoskeletons and Exhalation
Authors: Burton F. Dickey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Chitin — the second-most abundant biologic polymer, after cellulose — is a tough, cross-linked polysaccharide (see Figure 1) found in the exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans, the cell wall of fungi, and the pharynx, microfilarial sheath, and egg of parasitic worms (helminths). The presence of chitin in so many organisms that can function as pathogens toward plants and higher animals makes it an attractive target for host recognition and enzymatic attack. Indeed, plants are well known to express chitinases in response to the presence of chitin-containing pathogens. More recently, chitinases and chitinase-like proteins have been identified in the genomes of mammals . . .
Problems in Liability For Transfusion
Authors: J. Garrott Allen
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Whether the hospitals should be held legally responsible for the products it provides its patients, as cited in an unsigned EDITORIAL inThe Journal(<b>215</b>: 110, 1971), is for the courts to decide on the basis of existing laws, as in the case of<i>Cunningham vs Mac-Neal Memorial Hospital</i>(Ill Sup Ct, Sept 29, 1970). Such legislation should be very specific and should take into account the best interests of the patient, the hospital, the doctor, and the blood bank. It must not be overlooked that the one who suffers most among these four is the patient. In connection with transfusions, the State of California adopted, as part of its section 1623 of the Health and Safety Code, the following statement which provides: S 1623.<i>Blood, etc.; processing, distribution; service, not sale</i>. The procurement, processing, distribution, or use of whole blood, plasma, blood products, and blood derivatives
Missense Mutation of Pro387Leu in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B) Is Not Associated With Type 2 Diabetes in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: Jianping Weng, Jinhua Yan, Zhimin Huang, Yi Sui, Lingling Xiu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Type 2 diabetes is both a phenotypically and geneotypically heterogeneous disease. It is caused by defective insulin secretion and action. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play important roles in insulin cascade signal transduction and have been suggested to be related to insulin resistance (1,2). PTP-1B, a member of the PTP family, is expressed widely in many tissues, acting as a negative regulator in the insulin receptor signal transduction pathway (3–5). The PTP-1B gene is located on the long arm of human chromosome 20, in the region of q13.1–q13.2, which has been linked to quantitative trait loci of obesity and insulin (6,7). A recent study by Echwald S.M. et al. (8) demonstrated that a Pro387Leu variation of the …
Decreased monocyte inter leukin-1ss production in atopic eczema
Authors: T. JAKOB, K. NEUBER, J. RING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

It has been suggested that in atopic eczema (AE) a reduced lymphocyte response to T-cell mitogens in vitro is secondary to altered production of cytokines or inflammatory mediators. We investigated, in parallel, the mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation, monocyte interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) production, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production of monocytes and of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in AE patients and non-atopic controls. After stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) PBMC of AE patients showed a significantly reduced proliferative response compared with the controls. The monocyte production of IL-1 beta after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was significantly decreased in AE. No differences between AE patients and controls were observed with regard to the PGE2 production of PBMC after stimulation with Con A or the monocyte release of PGE2 after LPS stimulation. Because IL-1 plays a central role in the activation of T-cell proliferation, the decreased monocyte IL-1 beta production may provide a plausible explanation for the reduced mitogen response of T cells in AE.
Specialist mental health advisers are to be available in job centres
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2009)

GPs in England should be able to refer patients with mental health problems who are out of work to special coordinators in job centres in a bid to help their recovery, a cross government mental health strategy is recommending.

Under proposals set out by the Department of Health and Department for Work and Pensions, the government intends to set up a network of mental health coordinators in Jobcentre Plus districts. Doctors will be able to refer patients who have had mental health problems to the coordinators to find appropriate jobs.

Jonathan Shaw, minister for disabled people, said, “The first thing someone says to their doctor [after they have been ill] is, ‘When can I go back to work?’” Getting back to work can help hasten a person’s recovery after an episode of mental illness, he said.

GPs should see a return to work as a …