tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of subjective recognition and computer-aided image analysis of facial erythematous skin diseases: a cornerstone of automated diagnosis
Authors: J.W. Choi, B.R. Kim, H.S. Lee, S.W. Youn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Rosacea and seborrhoeic dermatitis are common diseases that cause facial erythema. They have common features and are frequently misdiagnosed.To extract characteristic features of erythrotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), papulopustular rosacea (PPR) and seborrhoeic dermatitis (SEB) through computer-aided image analysis (CAIA) and compare them with subjectively recognized features and to use these findings to construct a decision tree for differential diagnosis.Thirty-four clinical photos of patients with facial erythema were assessed: 12 patients were classified as showing ETR, 12 as PPR and 10 as SEB. Five dermatologists blinded to the original diagnosis gave their impressions of each photo. The mean, SD and T-zone to U-zone (T/U) ratios of the erythema parameter a* (a* of the L*a*b* colour space) were calculated for each photo using CAIA. These CAIA parameters were compared between impression groups. The most closely related CAIA parameter for each disease was established using the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. A decision tree which predicts the diagnosis from given CAIA parameters was constructed.All the photos classified as PPR generated impressions of PPR. However, approximately 30% of the photos classified as ETR generated impressions of SEB and vice versa. PPR was characterized by a large SD of erythema of the cheek, ETR was characterized by a large mean erythema of the U-zone, and SEB was characterized by a large T/U ratio of mean erythema. Fifteen additional photos were examined: the decision tree predicted the original diagnosis for 14, but incorrectly predicted one case of ETR as SEB.The CAIA result of facial erythema is well correlated with the actual clinical diagnosis. The accuracy of differential diagnosis using a decision tree with CAIA parameters is as good as that of global examination impressions of dermatologists.
Acute Yellow Atrophy Following Cinchophen Administration
Authors: Alfred R. Lenzner, L. Maxwell Lockie, Charles F. Becker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

ABOUT twenty years ago Cabot1 first reported a case of acute yellow atrophy allegedly due to cinchophen. Although similar cases have been recognized since that time, clinicians who use cinchophen with no observed untoward effects have minimized it as a hepatotoxic agent. One series has been reported, for example, in which cinchophen was given to 2500 patients without a fatal case.2 The toxic manifestations of cinchophen against which the physician is usually cautioned are chiefly those of the skin. Among them, urticaria and the erythematous morbilliform rashes are said to be most frequently encountered. But perhaps more important are signs . . .
Symptom burden of sleep-disordered breathing in systolic heart failure patients
Authors: M. A. Arias, A. Alonso-Fernández, F. García-Río
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Symptom burden of sleep-disordered breathing in systolic heart failure patientsTo the Editors:We read with interest the paper by HASTINGS et al.[1] who studied the symptom burden resulting from sleep-disordered breathing in patients with congestive heart failure, which was mainly due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.The possible presence of diastolic abnormalities was not reported to have been evaluated.
Tuberculin Jelly Patch Test
Authors: D. Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1944)

BRMICsA53J1APRIL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIA 15,U1944 interstitial type and the rare condition of sarcoidosis both give pictures which may be confused with those found in tubercle.The time which elapses between the exposure of susceptible persons to an open case of tuberculosis and the first radiological evidence of tuberculous disease is frequently three years or more in adults.This is the period of the Ghon lesion.During this interval the earliest evidence that a tuberculous focus is present in the body is the change in the allergic response to tuberculin.Another point of importance illustrated by the above case is that throughout the first few years of infection there is a ten- dency to bacillaemia, with resultant metastatic foci in various organs such as meninges, bone, kidney, and epididymis.It is remarkable how often necropsies are performed on cases of miliary tuberculosis without the pathologist being able to assign to one particular lesion the role of primary focus of infection, the fact being that it is a minute primary focus of the type indicated.We are inclined to agree with Dr. Fawcitt (Journal, 1943, 2, 692) that there is no such thing as x-ray diagnos s but there is x-ray evidence, and that this fact is not yet fully appreciated.Nevertheless, mass radiography of recruits, schools, and nursing personnel is wonderfully reliable in spite of the occasional false negative and false positive.
Police and Criminal Evidence Bill and the BMA
Authors: W. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The British Medical Association's efforts against controversial clauses in the pending Police and Criminal Evidence Bill have resulted in a government offer to amend legislation that would otherwise threaten the confidential nature of medical records and the physician patient relationship. The BMA maintains that if police were allowed complete access to medical records, treatment would be jeopardized because patients might withhold vital information from their physicians, and physicians would be reluctant to record potentially damaging information about their patients.
Modeling Brain Function
Authors: Daniel Rasmussen, Chris Eliasmith
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

We discuss work aimed at building functional models of the whole brain implemented in large-scale simulations of millions of individual neurons. Recent developments in this area demonstrate that such models can explain a variety of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuroanatomical data. We argue that these models hold the potential to expand our understanding of the brain by connecting these levels of analysis in new and informative ways. However, current modeling efforts fall short of the target of whole-brain modeling. Consequently, we discuss different avenues of research that continue to progress toward that distant, but achievable, goal.
Anomalous Systemic Venous Drainage with Hypoplasia of the Right Ventricular Myocardium
Authors: H. R. OVERY, P. G. STEINBICKER, S. GILBERT BLOUNT
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A case of anomalous systemic venous drainage into the left atrium with right-to-left shunt across an atrial septal defect is presented. Hemodynamic studies, observation during surgical correction of the abnormalities and the occurrence of postoperative heart failure indicated inadequacy of the right ventricular myocardium.
Mediterranean Diet and Incidence of and Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Women
Authors: Teresa T. Fung, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Christos S. Mantzoros, JoAnn E. Manson, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Several studies have documented an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but few data are available on the relationship between Mediterranean diet and risk of stroke. Methods and Results— For the present study, 74 886 women 38 to 63 years of age in the Nurses’ Health Study, a cohort study of female nurses, without a history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes were followed up from 1984 to 2004. We computed an Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score from self-reported dietary data collected through validated food frequency questionnaires administered 6 times between 1984 and 2002. Relative risks for incident CHD, stroke, and combined fatal cardiovascular disease were estimated with Cox proportional-hazards models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. During 20 years of follow-up, 2391 incident cases of CHD, 1763 incident cases of stroke, and 1077 cardiovascular disease deaths (fatal CHD and strokes combined) were ascertained. Women in the top Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score quintile were at lower risk for both CHD and stroke compared with those in the bottom quintile (relative risk [RR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.82; P for trend&lt;0.0001 for CHD; RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.02; P for trend=0.03 for stroke). Cardiovascular disease mortality was significantly lower among women in the top quintile of the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.76; P for trend&lt;0.0001). Conclusion— A greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet, as reflected by a higher Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score, was associated with a lower risk of incident CHD and stroke in women.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Gastric Varices
Authors: F. Thakeb, S. A. M. Salem, M. Abdallah, M. El Batanouny
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

In this retrospective study, the presence and appearance of gastric varices were analyzed among patients presenting at Kasr EI Aini Hospital with variceal bleeding during the period from 1984 to 1989. Two groups of patients were studied. The first group included 970 patients with documented variceal bleeding with no history of sclerotherapy. Of these patients 6.7 %, had concomitant gastric varices, and 27.1 % had direct gastric extension of esophageal varices (mostly of grade 3). Gastric varices alone, without esophageal varices, were found in five cases (0.5 %). The second group was a subgroup, and included 376 patients who underwent complete sclerotherapeutic eradication of varices restricted to the esophagus and were without gastric varices at the first presentation. Eleven of these patients (2.9 %) developed secondary gastric varices. There was no correlation between the risk of bleeding from primary gastric varices (seen at the first presentation) and the grade of the esophageal varices. There were more bleeding episodes from large gastric varices (35.4 % for the cauliflower and 16.9 % for the cystic forms) than from the small varices, i.e. ruga-like and network-like gastric varices. The study also shows that the secondary development of gastric varices after endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy is a rare event, and that there was no risk of bleeding from the secondary gastric varices. Patients with esophageal varices with gastric extension had a small risk of bleeding from their gastric varices (5.2 %).
Interleukin-10 inhibits ischemic and cisplatin-induced acute renal injury
Authors: Jiangping Deng, Yukimasa Kohda, Hsi Chiao, Yuqin Wang, Xuxhen Hu, Stephen M. Hewitt, Takehiko Miyaji, Paul Mcleroy, Bobby Nibhanupudy, Shujun Li, Robert A. Star
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
The Caduceus Motif and The Guinea Worm
Authors: Edward K. Markell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  Doctor Bunn's informative article on Origin of the Caduceus Motif ( 202 :615, 1967) fails to mention that many authorities (Belding, D.L.: Textbook of Clinical Parasitology , ed 3, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1965, p 551) question the reptilian nature of the fiery  which afflicted the Israelites in the wilderness (Numbers 21:6-11), considering it rather to have been an outbreak of infection with the guinea worm, Dracunculus medinensis . In this view, Moses, when he made a serpent of brass and put it on a pole, was in actuality providing a visual aid, to instruct his people in the removal of the parasite.  Though frowned upon by modern practice, the ancient method of extraction of the guinea worm is still widely used in Africa, India, and other endemic areas. The worm, caught on the end of a split stick around which it is slowly rolled out of the skin, bears
BMA meeting: Doctors call for professional regulation of managers to hold them to account
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Managers in the NHS should be subject to a regime of professional regulation so that they can be held accountable for their actions and omissions, the BMA’s annual meeting voted today.

In spite of doubts expressed by Mark Porter, chairman of council of the BMA, the annual representative meeting carried by a large majority a motion favouring such regulation, proposed by Peter Holden, a Derbyshire GP and member of council. 

Holden argued that the introduction of managers into the NHS—“most, if not all, without any instinctive, institutional corporate code of professional ethics and behaviour backed up by a formal professional disciplinary and registration regime”—had created a toxic working environment.

“Not even in Communist China did they have managers overruling doctors in the operation of …
A localized variant of paraneoplastic pemphigus: acantholysis associated with malignant melanoma
Authors: H. Schaeppi, J.W. Bauer, R. Hametner, D. Metze, S. Ortiz-Urda, W. Salmhofer, K. Rappersberger, H. Hintner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We report a 72‐year‐old male patient with a nodular malignant melanoma that was associated with focal suprabasal acantholysis (FSA). This phenomenon, which is regarded as an incidental finding by dermatopathologists, may be associated with inflammatory and also neoplastic skin diseases. Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections from an erythematous plaque surrounding the patient's tumour showed FSA, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on normal human skin, monkey oesophagus and rat urinary bladder were negative. On electron microscopy few desmosomes could be detected in the basal cell layer of the acantholytic areas and there was a nearly complete loss of these structures in the spinous cell layer. Only remnants of cytoplasmic plaques and keratin filaments could be observed in those areas. In contrast, adherens junctions appeared to be well preserved. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant fusion proteins as antigens did not show circulating autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) or desmoglein 3 (Dsg3). In contrast, immunoblotting revealed autoantibodies directed against keratinocyte antigens with a molecular weight of 85 kDa and 250 kDa, the first band corresponding to the molecular weight of comigrating plakoglobin. Immunoprecipitation with patient serum also revealed a 85‐kDa band. We conclude that these autoantibodies, probably in conjunction with cofactors produced by the tumour, could play a part in the pathogenesis of this variant of FSA, for which we propose the term 'localized paraneoplastic pemphigus.'
Pollen Count and Asthma
Authors: B. J. Freedman
Journal: BMJ (1973)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Systematic reviews and meta-analysis of high quality offer combined results from epidemiological studies which can be very helpful for decision making in occupational safety and health (OSH). The Clearinghouse of Systematic Reviews, a joint project of seven European research institutes, aims to make high quality reviews available that have been conducted in the field of OSH. <h3>Methods</h3> The Clearinghouse developed a standard method for searching and selecting systematic reviews based on current research results for literature search, experience and practical application of the members of the Clearinghouse. A quality assessment for critical appraisal of the reviews was developed by adapting the established SIGN Checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses for OSH. <h3>Results</h3> In 2010 the Clearinghouse published a standard method guide for searching and evaluating systematic reviews in OSH. The first lists of high-quality reviews on OSH-topics are presented in a systematic way on the PEROSH platform in the internet. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The Clearinghouse supports knowledge transfer of OSH studies, promotes the quality of reviews and increases collaboration between research partners for joint research on OSH topics.
THE EFFECT OF CATAPHORESIS ON POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS
Authors: P. K. Olitsky, C. P. Rhoads, P. H. Long
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. Under ordinary conditions of hydrogen ion concentration the virus of poliomyelitis, as such, or associated with particles in fine suspension, migrates in an electrical field to the anode. It follows that the virus bears an electronegative charge. 2. By means of cataphoresis, the virus can be recovered from a non-infective mixture of virus and specific immune serum. 3. By the same means it is possible to reveal the presence of virus in the central nervous system of a monkey which has recovered from the active stage of experimental poliomyelitis.
Balloon tamponade in variceal bleeding: use and misuse.
Authors: P. Vlavianos, A. E. Gimson, D. Westaby, R. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The efficacy of and complication rates associated with balloon tamponade have been reported from centres experienced in using the procedure.'3This prospective survey was carried out to assess the value and complica- tion rates of balloon tamponade when used in hospitals with limited experience of managing acute variceal bleeding.
ACUTE INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDREN: FIFTY CONSECUTIVE CASES
Authors: W. A. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1924)

ACUTE INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDREN. r TMEDI BOURmA- by ileo-colostomy or enterostomy (using a self-closing method for tube insertion) is the essential objective of the operationi.Separation of the adhesions at this stage will prove inisufficient, and will involve more exposure anid handling of distended coils thain a simple drainage operation.Obstruction during Convalescence.Opierative treatment is necessalry in almost all cases in this period.Separation of organized adhesions about the lower ileum, followed by a gentle milking down of the intes- tiiial contents thlrough the liberated bowel, will be sufficient in the majority of cases, but in cases developing early on in this period or in cases presenting widespread adhesions an ileo-colostoimiy or even an enterostomy may be necessary.GENERAL REMARKS.As some basis for the substance of this paper I ought to refer to my own experience of acute appendicitis.Taking a series of 126 consecutive cases (since January, 1921), which inieludes an average proportion of desperate cases, there lhave been four deaths.The cause of death was determined after a post-mortemn1 examination in each case, except the first.1. Delirium tremens following pronounced alcoholism: a case of fulminating perforative appendicitis.2. Cardiac muscle failure in a man of 63, whose arteries were rigid and tortuous: a case of diffuse peritonitis in which there appeared no possibility of recovery without operation.Post- I) ortC in examination revealed no evidence of spread of peritotlitis.3. General peritonitis in a woman of miserable physique.4. General peritonitis and ileus duplex: enterostomy performed at primary operation, and this acted freely up to the time of (leath on the third day aftel operation.Post-inortcin examination showed general peritonitis; there was ani absence of intestinal distension and a definite diminution in swelling of the intestinal wall at site of the ileal lesion.
The effect of fast and slow rhythm music on anaerobic performance and salivary cortisol in athlete males
Authors: Mohammad Ghaderi, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Introduction Music has been widely recommended as a technique to enhance the psychophysical state of participants in sport and exercise. However, there is scant scientific evidence in anaerobic performance to clarify its proposed benefits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of fast and slow rhythm music on anaerobic performance and salivary cortisol concentration in trained men. Methods Thirty male physical education college students (ages: 25.66±3.89 years, height: 176.65±7.66 cm, weight: 78.45±16.20 kg, body fat percent: 12.86±5.74 and VO 2 max: 38.36±9.19 ml/kg/min) voluntarily participated in this study and were divided into three groups: fast music, slow music and no music (control). All subjects performed the Cunningham test following a 20% grate and 14.3 km/h speed on the treadmill. For measuring cortisol, not stimulated samples of saliva collected, 15 min before intervention, immediately 5 and the other 30 min after the exercise. The significance level was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results There was a no significant difference between the listening of music and anaerobic performance. In addition, salivary cortisol concentration decreased 5 and 30 min after exercise during slow music listening compared with fast and without music (control) treatment, but were not significant. Furthermore, the type of music has no impact on running time for the measure of anaerobic performance and salivary cortisol after exercise. Discussion This study provided some support for the hypothesis that fast and slow music listening had no significant impact compared without music during anaerobic exercise.
The brain's heart — Therapeutic opportunities for patent foramen ovale (PFO) and neurovascular disease
Authors: MingMing Ning, Eng H. Lo, Pei-Chen Ning, Su- Yu Xu, David McMullin, Zareh Demirjian, Ignacio Inglessis, G. William Dec, Igor Palacios, Ferdinando S. Buonanno
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2013)
Surgeons in Training
Authors: David A. Byrne
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is of interest to note that the authors of "Surgeons in the United States" (236:1864, 1976) compared the incomes of surgeons "to the incomes of other professionals requiring long periods of postbaccalaureate training, as for example attorneys ($22,200 per year) and university faculty members ($20,000 per year.)" Attorneys and faculty members deserve credit for their efforts, but to compare their three to five years of postbaccalaureate study to the ten years of postbaccalaureate training of a neurosurgeon or thoracic surgeon is ludicrous. I am not a surgeon; however, I spent a short time in a surgical program and it was not unusual for those in training to work 100-hour weeks, to lose large amounts of weight, and to literally have their family life destroyed during the latter years of training.
The frequency of hemochromatosis-associated alleles is increased in British patients with sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda
Authors: A. G. Roberts, S. D. Whatley, S. Nicklin, M. Worwood, J. J. Pointon, C. Stone, G. H. Elder
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The cause of the hepatic siderosis and iron overload that is common in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is uncertain. Heterozygosity for genetic hemochromatosis has been supported by some studies of the association between the HLA-A3 antigen and porphyria cutanea tarda but not by others. The hemochromatosis gene is now believed to be located telomeric to HLA-A3 and close to the DNA microsatellite marker D6S1260. We have used this and other microsatellite markers, which together define an ancestral haplotype that is strongly linked to hemochromatosis, to reinvestigate the relationship between these disorders in 41 British patients with sporadic PCT. Fifteen patients carried the hemochromatosis-associated alleles D6S265-1 and D6S105-8. Four of these were homozygous for the ancestral haplotype D6S265-1 : D6S105-8: D6S1260-4. We estimate that approximately 37% of British patients with sporadic PCT carry at least one hemochromatosis gene compared with 10% of the general population.
[627] EFFECTS OF PPAR-GAMMA LIGAND ROSIGLITAZONE ON LIVER FIBROSIS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: N. Passariello, A. Peluso, G. Passariello, G. Moniello, A. Maio, S. Mazo, G. Boccia, A. Esposito
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)