tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Palliation of Esophageal Carcinoma with a New Self-Expanding Plastic Stent
Authors: A. J. Dormann, P. Eisendrath, B. Wigginghaus, H. Huchzermeyer, J. Devière
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Self-expandable metallic covered stents (SEMS) are widely used for the palliation of esophageal cancer. In the long term, a drawback of these stents is the occurrence of nontumoral occlusion at their proximal or distal parts. New self-expanding plastic stents (SEPS) may combine the advantages of SEMS with those of previously used plastic stents. Our aim was to study prospectively the implantation of such stents in a series of patients with fairly long life expectancy, focusing on safety, feasibility and long-term effectiveness.Between June 1999 and December 2000, in a prospective cohort study, 33 patients were treated with Polyflex stents for palliation of esophageal stenoses, and were followed up until death. The inclusion criteria demanded the presence of a nonresectable or nonoperable, histologically proven, malignant stricture of the esophagus causing significant dysphagia.Stent insertion was successful in all cases. The mean duration of follow-up of the patients was 149.7 days (range 25 - 469). A complete follow-up until death was documented for all patients (n = 33). During the entire follow-up, no stent occlusion was observed which was caused by either nontumoral or tumoral ingrowth, or by nontumoral overgrowth. Stent occlusions were caused only by tumoral overgrowth, and occurred at a rate of 12.1 % (n = 4). The stent migration rate was 6.0 % (n = 2), and the re-intervention rate overall was 21.1 % (n = 7).These results show that SEPS are effective for the palliation of dysphagia in patients with esophageal malignancies. The immediate results are similar to those observed with SEMS, and the observed low rate of late obstruction suggests that their long-term efficacy might be superior to that of SEMS. This device warrants evaluation in a controlled prospective trial.
Associations between PM <sub>2.5</sub> and Heart Rate Variability Are Modified by Particle Composition and Beta-Blocker Use in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Jeroen J. de Hartog, Timo Lanki, Kirsi L. Timonen, Gerard Hoek, Nicole A.H. Janssen, Angela Ibald-Mulli, Annette Peters, Joachim Heinrich, Tuula H. Tarkiainen, Rene van Grieken, Joop H. van Wijnen, Bert Brunekreef, Juha Pekkanen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

It has been hypothesized that ambient particulate air pollution is able to modify the autonomic nervous control of the heart, measured as heart rate variability (HRV). Previously we reported heterogeneous associations between particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 microm (PM2.5) and HRV across three study centers.We evaluated whether exposure misclassification, effect modification by medication, or differences in particle composition could explain the inconsistencies.Subjects with coronary heart disease visited clinics biweekly in Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Erfurt, Germany; and Helsinki, Finland for 6-8 months. The standard deviation (SD) of NN intervals on an electrocardiogram (ECG; SDNN) and high frequency (HF) power of HRV was measured with ambulatory ECG during paced breathing. Outdoor levels of PM2.5 were measured at a central site. In Amsterdam and Helsinki, indoor and personal PM2.5 were measured during the 24 hr preceding the clinic visit. PM2.5 was apportioned between sources using principal component analyses. We analyzed associations of indoor/personal PM2.5, elements of PM2.5, and source-specific PM2.5 with HRV using linear regression.Indoor and personal PM2.5 were not associated with HRV. Increased outdoor PM2.5 was associated with decreased SDNN and HF at lags of 2 and 3 days only among persons not using beta-blocker medication. Traffic-related PM2.5 was associated with decreased SDNN, and long-range transported PM2.5 with decreased SDNN and HF, most strongly among persons not using beta blockers. Indicators for PM2.5 from traffic and long-range transport were also associated with decreased HRV.Our results suggest that differences in the composition of particles, beta-blocker use, and obesity of study subjects may explain some inconsistencies among previous studies on HRV.
Lipoprotein(a) Risk in Women and Efficacy of Ascorbate
Authors: Andrew G. Bostom
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I would like to address two important issues raised by Gurewich and Mittleman<sup>1</sup>in their Editorial on lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and coronary heart disease in men: first, the lack of similar prospective data in women and, second, testing the hypothesis of Rath and Pauling<sup>2</sup>that dietary supplementation with ascorbic acid might be efficacious in lowering elevated Lp(a) levels. My colleagues and I have reported that the presence of a sinking pre—β-lipoprotein band (a valid, specific marker for elevated Lp[a] levels<sup>3</sup>) is a strong, independent predictor of incident myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and intermittent claudication in Framingham women free of baseline cardiovascular disease.<sup>4</sup>Also, in collaboration with investigators at Brown University, I recently completed a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial (A.G.B., unpublished data, 1994) testing one aspect of Rath and Pauling's hypothesis. In 44 subjects with documented coronary heart disease block, randomized (based on age,
Hydrolase activities in the rat aorta. V. Comparison to activities in liver and kidney after thyroidectomy and relation to dynamic clearance of circulating low density lipoproteins.
Authors: D Katz-Feigenbaum, L Braun, H Wolinsky
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Thyroid hormones influence circulating low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in humans; they could have an effect on LDL catabolism. Male rats were thyroidectomized (H); half were treated for 7 days with 2 micrograms triiodothyronine/100 g body weight (T) and both groups were compared to controls (C). Aorta, liver, and kidney were assayed for cellular marker enzymes, including lysosomal acid cholesteryl esterase (ACE). Specific activities of ACE (mU/mg DNA; mean +/- SD) were: Aorta, C, 0.19 +/- 0.01; H, 0.16 +/- 0.01; T, 0.21 +/- 0.01; Liver: C, 15.55 +/- 1.49; H, 9.16 +/- 1.54; T, 15.43 +/- 2.28; Kidney: C, 1.70 +/- 0.23; H, 1.04 +/- 0.13; T, 2.08 +/- 0.35. Half lives for injected unmodified 125I-labeled human LDL were 11.5 +/- 0.7 hour in C, 16.2 +/- 3.1 in H, and 12.9 +/- 0.9 in T groups. Fractional catabolic rates (FCR) of LDL in %/hr were 6.5 +/- 0.6 in C; 4.8 +/- 0.5 in H, and 6.0 +/- 0.3 in T. Reductively methylated 125I-labeled human LDL had half-lives of 14.9 +/0 1.4 hour in C and 15.1 +/- 1.6 hour in H and the FCR of this modified LDL was 5.3 +/- 0.5 %/hr in C and 5.2 +/- 0.7 %/hr in H groups. Thus, thyroidectomy results in marked decreases in ACE specific activity of liver and kidney and a marked decrease in FCR and prolonged half-life of non-modified LDL (all P less than 0.05). On the other hand, methylated LDL showed a similarly reduced FCR and prolonged half-life in control and thyroidectomized rats (P less than 0.05). This suggests a major effect of thyroid deficiency on receptor-mediated uptake of LDL in vivo and demonstrates the influence of hormonal status on dynamic clearance and catabolism of LDL.
Cryopreserved ovarian cortex from patients with leukemia in complete remission contains no apparent viable malignant cells
Authors: Tine Greve, Erik Clasen-Linde, Morten T. Andersen, Mette K. Andersen, Stine D. Sørensen, Mikkel Rosendahl, Elisabeth Ralfkiær, Claus Yding Andersen
Journal: Blood (2012)
Abstract 1230: Syntaxin 6- and microtubule-mediated intracellular trafficking contributes to Golgi and nuclear translocation of EGFR
Authors: Yi Du, Jia Shen, Jennifer L. Hsu, Zhenbo Han, Ying-Nai Wang, Hirohito Yamaguchi, Stephanie A. Miller, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Receptor mediated endocytosis is well known for its degradation and recycling trafficking. Recent evidence shows that these cell surface receptors translocate from cell surface to different cellular compartments, including the Golgi, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the nucleus to regulate physiological and pathological functions. Although some trafficking mechanisms have been resolved, the completed mechanism of intracellular trafficking from cell surface to the Golgi is still unknown. Herein, we report a mechanism of the Golgi translocation of EGFR in which EGF-induced EGFR travels to the Golgi via microtubule (MT)-dependent movement by interacting with dynein and fuses with the Golgi through syntaxin 6 (Syn6) mediated membrane fusion. We also demonstrate that the Golgi translocation of EGFR is necessary for its consequent nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Interestingly, foreign protein such as bacterial cholera toxin, which is known to activate its pathological function through the Golgi/ER retrograde pathway, also utilizes the MTs/Syn6 pathway. Thus, the MTs/Syn6/Golgi/ER pathway defines a comprehensive retrograde trafficking route for both cellular and foreign molecules to travel from cell surface to the Golgi and the nucleus. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1230. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1230
The regulated retrotransposon transcriptome of mammalian cells
Authors: Geoffrey J Faulkner, Yasumasa Kimura, Carsten O Daub, Shivangi Wani, Charles Plessy, Katharine M Irvine, Kate Schroder, Nicole Cloonan, Anita L Steptoe, Timo Lassmann, Kazunori Waki, Nadine Hornig, Takahiro Arakawa, Hazuki Takahashi, Jun Kawai, Alistair R R Forrest, Harukazu Suzuki, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, David A Hume, Valerio Orlando, Sean M Grimmond, Piero Carninci
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Infectious Mononucleosis and Reye's Syndrome
Authors: John M. Dorman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was interested to read of the recent association by Cleary et al (243:148, 1980) of acute cerebellar ataxia with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Their initial listing of neurological complications of infectious mononucleosis omits Reye's syndrome, a complication that we reported several years ago in the pediatric literature.<sup>1</sup>Although it is unlikely to manifest itself as cerebellar ataxia, Reye's syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological complications of infectious mononucleosis, particularly in young children.
Inhibition of transcription factor NF-κB in the central nervous system ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice
Authors: Geert van Loo, Rossana De Lorenzi, Hauke Schmidt, Marion Huth, Alexander Mildner, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, Hans Lassmann, Marco R Prinz, Manolis Pasparakis
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
804 EFFECT OF HCV NS5A AND CORE PROTEINS AND VIRAL REPLICATION ON LXRa-MEDIATED LIPOGENIC GENES INDUCTION IN AN IN VITRO MODEL
Authors: E. Lima-Cabello, M.V. García-Mediavilla, S. Pisonero-Vaquero, F. Jorquera, P.L. Majano, J. González-Gallego, S. Sánchez-Campos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Hemodynamic effects of glucagon in portal hypertension
Authors: Guillermo Silva, Miquel Navasa, Jaime Bosch, Jaime Chesta, Pilar M. Pizcueta, Rosa Casamitjana, Francisca Rivera, Joan Rodes
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

It has been suggested that glucagon contributes to the pathogenesis of portal hypertension by increasing portal blood flow. This study examined this issue by assessing the hemodynamic effects of a pharmacological dose of glucagon (1 mg, intravenously) in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension (n = 10) and in subjects without significant liver disease (controls = n = 5). Patients with cirrhosis had much higher glucagon levels than control subjects (875 ± 167 vs. 186 ± 25 pg/ml, p &lt; 0.01) and showed blunted hemodynamic responses after glucagon administration. This occurred despite greater circulating glucagon levels, probably because of a significant prolongation of the plasma half–life of exogenously administered glucagon (4.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.7 ± 0.1 min, p &lt; 0.1). Control subjects had marked increases in heart rate (+19% ± 4%, p &lt; 0.01), cardiac index (+16% ± 4%, p = 0.01) and arterial pressure (+ 10% ± 3%, p &lt; 0.05), but corresponding changes in patients with cirrhosis (+ 7% ± 1%, +6% ± 1%, and +6% ± 2%, respectively) were significantly less pronounced (p = 0.05), and there was a negative correlation between basal glucagon levels and the response of heart rate to glucagon injection (r = –0.804, p &lt; 0.001). Resistance to the systemic effects of glucagon in cirrhosis may thus be caused by a down–regulation of vascular glucagon receptors. In addition, glucagon adminstration caused a significant increase in portal pressure (from 18.1 ± 1.1 to 19.0 ± 1.2 mm Hg, p &lt; 0.01), as well as in azygos blood flow (from 0.54 ± 0.03 to 0.64 ± 0.04 L/min, +19% ± 4%, p &lt; 0.02), reflecting increased portocollateral blood flow. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that glucagon is one of the factors contributing to the splanchnic vasodilatation and increased portal pressure of cirrhosis.
New bill aims to embolden doctors to practise innovative medicine
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Hybrids species can harbour a combination of beneficial traits from each parent and may exhibit hybrid vigour, more readily adapting to new harsher environments. Inter-species hybrids are also sterile and therefore an evolutionary dead-end unless fertility is restored, usually via auto-polyploidisation events. In the <i>Saccharomyces</i> genus, hybrids are readily found in nature and in industrial settings, where they have adapted to severe fermentative conditions. Due to their hybrid sterility, the development of new commercial yeast strains has so far been primarily conducted via selection methods rather than breeding. In this study, we overcame infertility by creating tetraploid intermediates of <i>Saccharomyces</i> inter-species hybrids, to allow continuous multigenerational breeding. We incorporated nuclear and mitochondrial genetic diversity within each parental species, allowing for quantitative genetic analysis of traits exhibited by the hybrids, and for nuclear-mitochondrial interactions to be assessed. Using pooled F12 generation segregants of different hybrids with extreme phenotype distributions, we identified QTLs for tolerance to high and low temperatures, high sugar concentration, high ethanol concentration, and acetic acid levels. We identified QTLs that are species specific, that are shared between species, as well as hybrid specific, where the variants do not exhibit phenotypic differences in the original parental species. Moreover, we could distinguish between mitochondria-type dependent and independent traits. This study tackles the complexity of the genetic interactions and traits in hybrid species, bringing hybrids into the realm of full genetic analysis of diploid species, and paves the road for the biotechnological exploitation of yeast biodiversity.
Microvesicles derived from endothelial progenitor cells protect the kidney from ischemia–reperfusion injury by microRNA-dependent reprogramming of resident renal cells
Authors: Vincenzo Cantaluppi, Stefano Gatti, Davide Medica, Federico Figliolini, Stefania Bruno, Maria C. Deregibus, Andrea Sordi, Luigi Biancone, Ciro Tetta, Giovanni Camussi
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
Suryamoni Mitra (nee Devi)
Authors: S Mitra
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Suryamoni Mitra (nee Devi) was a woman of determination and courage, accomplishing in her community what others could barely dream of. Born in an orthodox lower middle class Brahmin family, she walked barefoot to Ravenshaw College. She graduated in medicine from Prince of Wales Medical College, Patna, also receiving her postgraduate training in obstetrics and gynaecology from there.

Her training should have stopped there, but she decided to study further in the United Kingdom than to go to the United States, for which she was selected.

A short 10 week course in Hammersmith, and her endearing nature earned her a complimentary copy of the 11th edition of F J Browne’s Antenatal …
Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Evaluated by Post-Contrast T1 Mapping Correlates With Left Ventricular Stiffness
Authors: Andris H. Ellims, James A. Shaw, Dion Stub, Leah M. Iles, James L. Hare, Glenn S. Slavin, David M. Kaye, Andrew J. Taylor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Effect of treatment with platetet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors on in-hospital outcomes of patients treated with primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Babak A. Vakili, James N. Slater, Warren Sherman, Kumar L. Ravi, Stephen J. Green, Timothy A. Sanborn, David L. Brown
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Paraproteinemia: blood hyperviscosity and clinical manifestations.
Authors: M A McGrath, R Penny
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Many of the clinical features of paraproteinemia result from impairment of blood flow through the vascular tree because of blood hyperviscosity. Studies were carried out in 65 patients with serum paraproteins (31 with IgG, 25 with IgM, and 9 with IgA) to examine the relationship between the blood viscosity and the frequency of selected clinical features. The blood and plasma viscosities were measured at low rates of shear. Blood hyperviscosity was present in 91% of the patients and plasma hyperviscosity in 75% of the patients. In each of the three immunoglobulin classes both the blood and plasma viscosities increased logarithmically with the paraprotein concentration being greatest in the case of IgM. In addition, the relationship between the hematocrit and the logarithm of blood viscosity tended to be linear at any given protein concentration. In patients with very high levels of paraprotein the blood viscosity was modified by low hematocrits; the latter was below 30 in 70% of patients in whom the concentration of paraprotein was above 4 g/100 ml. The prevalence of clinical complications involving the retinal circulation, the peripheral vascular system, and the central nervous system increased markedly with increasing blood viscosity, measured at 0.18 S-1. One or more of these regions was affected in greater than 80% of patients with blood viscosity above 60 centipoise and in less than 23% of patients with blood viscosity below 40 centipoise. These observations illustrate the complex relationship between blood viscosity, concentration of paraprotein, immunoglobulin class and hematocrit, and emphasize the importance of measuring the whole blood viscosity at low rates of shear in determining the risk of vascular complications.
Reversal of lymphocyte activation in vivo in the Kawasaki syndrome by intravenous gammaglobulin.
Authors: D Y Leung, J C Burns, J W Newburger, R S Geha
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The effect of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGG) on the immunoregulatory abnormalities found during acute Kawasaki syndrome (KS) was studied in a randomized trial of IVGG plus aspirin (ASA) versus ASA alone. Before therapy, patients in each treatment group had increased numbers of circulating HLA-DR-bearing Leu 3+ helper T cells, a deficiency of Leu 2+ suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, and increased levels of spontaneous IgG and IgM synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. There were no significant differences (P greater than 0.1) between immunologic parameters measured on day 1 and day 4 in the ASA-treated group. In contrast, patients treated with ASA plus IVGG had by day 4 a highly significant decrease in HLA-Dr+ Leu 3+ helper T cells (P less than 0.001), an increase in Leu 2+ suppressor/cytotoxic T cells (P less than 0.01), and a decrease in spontaneous IgG (P less than 0.01) and IgM synthesis (P less than 0.001). These changes were associated with a reduction in the secretion of T cell-derived B cell helper factors (P less than 0.001). These findings indicate that treatment with IVGG suppresses the marked T and B cell activation found in patients with acute KS.
An Address ON TUBERCULIN IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: R. Philip
Journal: BMJ (1923)

IN current statement as to the significance of tuberculin in relation to tuberculosis-and still more to its practical application-one is frequently up against a looseness of conception regarding essential facts.These facts form the basis of any sound practical application of tuberculin in diagnosis or treatment.-While the facts are in chief part definitely determined, there has been little attempt to correlate them as the basis of practical proeedure.My aim is to recal fundamental positions and try to show how these afford points of departure for practical observations regarding tuberculosis, with a view to the final goal of detuberculizatin., ThEs will -include considerations bearing on both diagnosis and treatment.In particular I shall take the opportunity of..urgingoncq, more, the therapeutic value of the percutaneovws exhibition of tuberculin as recommended by me for many years.While the percutaneous method is.serviceable in the treat-
GPs must try to help patients give up smokeless tobacco products to reduce oral cancer
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has published final guidance for tackling the use of smokeless tobacco products, particularly in South Asian communities.

Smokeless tobacco products, such as paan, gutka, shupari, and betel quid, are often seen as healthy or beneficial within these communities but are associated with serious health and dental problems, including oral cancer, heart attack and stroke, and problems in pregnancy.

Use of smokeless tobacco products is considered the main reason why South Asian women are nearly four times more likely to develop oral cancers than women from other ethnic …
Effect of Acute Intravenous Administration of Isoproterenol on Cardiorenal Hemodynamics in Man
Authors: ROBERT ROSENBLUM, WALTER D. BERKOWITZ, DIANA LAWSON
Journal: Circulation (1968)

By the direct Fick, or the indocyanine-green or both, methods and by renal clearance of inulin and para-aminohippurate (PAH), simultaneous cardiorenal hemodynamic observations were made before and during isoproterenol infusion (0.9-2.6 micrograms/min) into three patients without, and 10 patients with, heart disease. Although a consistent increase in cardiac output (11 to 147%) was noted in all patients, no significant change in glomerular filtration rate or renal blood flow was observed. The percentage of the cardiac output delivered to the kidney during drug infusion decreased in all subjects. The renal extraction of PAH, measured in three patients, was not changed during isoproterenol administration. The infusion of isoproterenol to normovolemic and hypervolemic dogs (10 dogs) increased the cardiac output in all animals but produced no significant change in glomerular filtration rate or renal blood flow. Because the renal blood flow is not affected by the increased cardiac output produced by isoproterenol, the data suggest that there is either a weak or an absent beta-receptor response in the kidney in the dog and man.