tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medicine, postmodernism, and the end of certainty
Authors: P. Hodgkin
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Background</h3> In young children the evaluation of symptoms is almost wholly reliant upon parental reporting. Cough is extremely common in childhood and a tool to objectively measure cough frequency would be clinically beneficial. To date paediatric cough monitoring systems have relied on manual cough counting which is time consuming and costly. The VitaloJAK™ (Vitalograph, UK) is a custom built 24 hr semi-automated cough monitoring device that has been used successfully to quantify cough in adults. Using the VitaloJAK™ we tested the feasibility of 24 hr cough recordings in children and tested existing compression software for cough quantification. <h3>Methods</h3> Children (age 2–14 years) with acute or chronic cough were asked to wear VitaloJAK™ cough monitor for a maximum of 24 h. Feedback about the device was obtained from the child/carer were appropriate. All recordings were manually counted and also processed through the compression software. <h3>Results</h3> 40 children (21 male; mean age 8 yrs) wore the monitor for a median of 22.25 h (0.38 – 24 hrs). Children who wore the monitor as out-patients with chronic cough generally wore the monitor for longer (median 23.07 hrs) than those who were in-patients with acute symptoms (median 12.59 hrs; p = 0.06). Twenty-nine children (73%) wore the monitor for &gt;12 h and 22 for &gt;22 hrs including during the night. Eighteen (45%) children reported the monitor was heavy/bulky and eleven (28%) said at times it restricted some normal daily tasks (bending/stooping/using the toilet). Neither length of time the monitor was worn for, nor complaints about the size or restricting nature of the monitor, were age dependent. No serious adverse events were reported. One recording was excluded due to technical problems. Recordings demonstrated wide variability in frequency from 2 to 2712 coughs per recording (median 72). Following compression a median of 98.5% (85.7–100) of coughs were retained. <h3>Conclusions</h3> VitaloJAK™ semi-automated cough monitor can be used in children to accurately measure cough frequency. As with many medical interventions, it was not tolerated by all children for long periods, however the majority of children were able to wear it for &gt;12 h.
Inquiry finds lack of systematic approach to safety creates risk during births
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Most births in England are safe despite growing pressures on maternity services, says an independent inquiry published this week. But it warns that the lack of a systematic approach to ensuring safety creates unnecessary risks.

The inquiry focused on the safety of mothers and babies during birth rather than the quality or efficiency of maternity services. It found that stillbirths, infant mortality rates, and maternal deaths related to pregnancy or birth have decreased or remained stable in the past 10 years even though birth rates and the complexity of pregnancies have increased.

However, it also found several problems that it considered undermined a systematic approach to safety. These …
Renal Transplantation and the Living Donor
Authors: Carl Fellner
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1976)

Renal transplantation in end-stage renal disease is now an accepted medical procedure but the source and origin of the grafted organ (living donor vs. cadaveric kidney) remain controversial and it appears that each transplant team has to work out its own guidelines. We present the results of questionnaires and interviews of a large number of donors, many of them looking back on their experience with the knowledge that unfortunately, and in the long run, their sacrifice proved to be in vain. All our subjects evaluated their participation as donors in the transplant program in a very positive way. There was general agreement that none of them was significantly harmed by his action and that, in the realms of self-knowledge and feelings of self-worth and self-respect, the act of donorship turned out to be a very positive and very highly valued experience. These donors' opinions and attitudes, their relatively unconflicted conduct, are in sharp contrast with the agonizing appraisal of many a transplant team. It remains the task of the team doctors to weigh and balance risks and advantages of such an intervention and to be the advocate of both the donor and the recipient. It is to them that we offer our findings in the hope that it may help them in that difficult decision-making process.
1052-222 Thromboembolic events in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation-incidence, timing, and predictors
Authors: Mark E Vanderhoff, Erica S Zado, Edward P Gerstenfeld, Sanjay Dixit, Hemal Nayak, Andrea M Russo, David J Callans, Francis E Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Diagnosis of Urinary Bladder Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: WILLIAM E. BRADLEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

During the past decade the ability to assess urinary bladder function in diabetes mellitus has improved considerably because of changed concepts of urinary bladder function, imporved methods for evaluation, and increased capability for treatment. Evaluation of patients with urinary bladder dysfunction and diabetes mellitus has shown that peripheral visceral afferent pathways are first affected, followed by detrusor reflex decompensation.
Influence of immunosuppressive treatment on risk of recurrent malignancy after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Yoshihiro Inamoto, Mary E. D. Flowers, Stephanie J. Lee, Paul A. Carpenter, Edus H. Warren, H. Joachim Deeg, Rainer F. Storb, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Barry E. Storer, Paul J. Martin
Journal: Blood (2011)
Electrophysiologic Studies in Patients with Persistent Atrial Tachycardia
Authors: MELVIN M. SCHEINMAN, DEBAL BASU, MILTON HOLLENBERG
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Clinical and electrophysiologic studies in two patients with chronic persistent atrial tachycardia unresponsive to drug or electroconversion therapy are reported. In both, exercise increased the atrial rate and decreased the atrioventricular nodal conduction time. The opposite effect occurred after β-adrenergic blockade. Single electrically-induced atrial depolarizations (A 2 ) at progressively premature times resulted in a linear increase in the return cycle (A 2 A 3 ) until plateau levels were achieved but failed to produce sinus rhythm. Abrupt cessation of continuous atrial pacing at rates up to 600 beats/min in one patient and up to 300 beats/min in the other resulted in a pause that was similar to the plateau levels of A 2 A 3 achieved during atrial scanning with single impulses. Our findings suggest that an ectopic atrial focus is responsible for this arrhythmia. The electrophysiologic properties of the ectopic pacemaker appear to be similar to the sinoatrial node in some respects but to differ in terms of spontaneous rate and in relative immunity from the effects of overdrive pacing.
[783] SHORT-TERM ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AND SAFETY OF ACH-806 (GS-9132), AN NS4A ANTAGONIST, IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 INFECTED INDIVIDUALS
Authors: J.C. Pottage, E. Lawitz, D. Mazur, D. Wyles, H. Vargas, R. Ghalib, R. Gugliotti, M. Donohue, H. Robison
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and its modification by photochemotherapy (PUVA)
Authors: J.I. Harper, V. Zemelman, M. Fennell, P. Elliott, Kristin Henry, R.C.D. Staughton, P.W.M. Copeman, A.J. Barrett
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), and its modification by photochemotherapy (PUVA) Get access J.I. Harper, J.I. Harper Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Zemelman, V. Zemelman Department of Histopathology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Fennell, M. Fennell Department of Chemical Pathology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Elliott, P. Elliott Department of Biophysics, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kristin Henry, Kristin Henry Department of Histopathology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.C.D. Staughton, R.C.D. Staughton Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.W.M. Copeman, P.W.M. Copeman Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.J. Barrett A.J. Barrett Department of Haematology, Westminster Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s26, 1 July 1984, Pages 14–15, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb05228.x Published: 01 July 1984
Some Unusual Features of the Marfan Syndrome
Authors: NAIP TUNA, ALAN P. THAL
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Four cases of the Marfan syndrome with involvement of the skeletal and cardiovascular systems are reported. In the first two cases with clinical evidence of aortic regurgitation the chest roentgenograms showed relatively normal heart silhouettes while retrograde aortograms revealed large aortic aneurysms in the intrapericardial portion of the aorta involving the sinuses of Valsalva and the aortic ring. Case 1 had, in addition, a carotid body tumor, which was surgically removed. The remaining two cases had dissecting aneurysms of the aorta. Case 3 died and necropsy showed involvement of many systems and several arteries other than the aorta (carotid, subclavian, renal, femoral, splenic, and pulmonary arteries). Case 4 was surgically treated and showed marked improvement. Problems related to etiology, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment are discussed. It is emphasized that the existence of a large aneurysm of the intrapericardiac portion of the aorta may not be detectable without aortography.
Genotoxicity of glycol ethers.
Authors: D B McGregor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The genetic toxicology of glycol ethers is reviewed. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and diglyme have been more extensively studied than other members of this series. Most results indicate a lack of genotoxic potential, but certain tests have yielded positive responses with certain compounds. Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) induced sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in cultured cells. Both EGME and diglyme induced mouse sperm head morphological changes, male rat weak dominant lethal mutations and marked, but reversible, loss of male rat fertility.
Simvastatin Attenuates Smooth Muscle Neointimal Proliferation and Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
Authors: Toshihiko Nishimura, John L. Faul, Gerald J. Berry, Laszlo T. Vaszar, Daoming Qiu, Ronald G. Pearl, Peter N. Kao
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease is characterized by abnormal proliferation of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, leading to occlusion of pulmonary arterioles, pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, and death. Compounds with antiproliferative effects on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, may prevent the development of experimental hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease. Pneumonectomized rats injected with monocrotaline at 7 days develop severe hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease with neointimal formation. Rats were randomized to receive either vehicle or treatment with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin (2 mg/kg per day). By Day 35, rats that received vehicle had higher mean pulmonary arterial pressures (53 ± 2 mm Hg) and right ventricular hypertrophy (right ventricle/[left ventricle plus septum] [RV/LV+S] = 0.78 ± 0.09) than rats in Group PMS5–35 that received simvastatin from Day 5 to 35 (mean pulmonary arterial pressure = 27 ± 3 mm Hg, RV/LV+S = 0.34 ± 0.08; p ⩽ 0.001). Pulmonary vascular remodeling with neointimal formation consisting of vascular smooth muscle cells was more severe in vehicle-treated rats (vascular occlusion score, 1.98 ± 0.02) than in Group PMS5–35 (vascular occlusion score, 0.59 ± 0.46; p < 0.001). In addition, lung endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression was decreased in vehicle-treated animals but was restored toward normal levels in simvastatin-treated animals. Simvastatin attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling with neointimal formation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy in rats.
Use of Administrative Data for Public Reporting of Outcomes
Authors: Garth H. Utter, Patrick S. Romano
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of emotional problems in postpartum women by health visitors.
Authors: M Briscoe
Journal: BMJ (1986)

One hundred mothers of babies aged under 15 weeks who attended well baby clinics were rated for the presence of emotional disorders by health visitors. These assessments were compared with the mothers9 scores on the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), a screening instrument for identifying psychiatric cases in the general population. The results indicate that symptoms of minor psychiatric disorder are a problem for an appreciable number of postpartum women, although the health visitors showed a misclassification rate of roughly 40%. It is suggested that routine screening using the questionnaire at the time of the baby9s six week check would both improve the detection rate and also enable the health visitors to give extra support to those mothers who were most in need of it.
EFFECT OF ENDOEPICARDIAL PERCUTANEOUS LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE LIGATION (LARIAT) ON ARRHYTHMIA BURDEN IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Dhanunjaya R. Lakkireddy, Matthew Earnest, Pramod Janga, Madhu Reddy, Ajay Vallakati, Jayant Nath, Ryan Ferrell, Steven Freeman, Nitish Badhwar, Randall Lee, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale, Vijay Swarup
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Injury Prevention Must Be Part of Nation's Plan to Reduce Health Care Costs, Say Control Experts
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE NATION has saved billions of dollars in health care costs over the last decade through injury prevention programs and could save billions more by continuing to study the causes of injuries and implementing programs to prevent their occurrence, say experts participating in the Second World Conference on Injury Control, in Atlanta, Ga. See also p 99. The United States continues to pay massive medical care and rehabilitation costs associated with injuries, the vast majority of which can and should be prevented, say many of the nation's leading injury-control experts who revealed a national plan for injury control at the recent conference. (Please see accompanying article.) The plan, which is described in the report,<i>Injury Control in the 1990s: A National Plan for Action</i>, was coordinated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Atlanta. According to the report, injury, including homicides
PATTERNS OF PATIENT MOVEMENT IN GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRIC WARDS
Authors: LUCY D. OZARIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

The amount and organization of space on a psychiatric ward is one element determining the possibilities of the treatment program. Systematic observations by the Architectural Study Project of the movement of patients in 7 psychiatric wards of 5 general hospitals are reported. These observations lead the writer to the following opinions. More patients are kept on locked wards than need be locked up. Typically, there is need for more bed space on unlocked wards, less space on locked wards. Ward arrangement which provides several small day areas is to be preferred to one large dayroom. Ward dining rooms offer many advantages. Bare wards seem to imply that patients have little value and foster an institutional atmosphere. More comfortable furnishings foster a ward atmosphere of more respect for the patient. Since the use of hydrotherapy equipment is minimal at present, minimal facilities for hydrotherapy are adequate. There is need for planning suitable space for the administration of shock treatments. Special visitors' rooms do not seem necessary or desirable if suitable day areas are provided. Recreation areas are essential and are not always adequate. On the services studied, the one or two seclusion rooms provided are in general quite adequate. There is need in planning for careful consideration of the most reasonable alternatives to caring for critically ill patients, and for children on adult psychiatric wards. If the decision is made that such patients will be cared for on adult psychiatric wards, it should be recognized that additional staff and at times, additional space and equipment will be required.
A Role for Lipid Bodies in the Cross-presentation of Phagocytosed Antigens by MHC Class I in Dendritic Cells
Authors: Laurence Bougnères, Julie Helft, Sangeeta Tiwari, Pablo Vargas, Benny Hung-Junn Chang, Lawrence Chan, Laura Campisi, Gregoire Lauvau, Stephanie Hugues, Pradeep Kumar, Alice O. Kamphorst, Ana-Maria Lennon Dumenil, Michel Nussenzweig, John D. MacMicking, Sebastian Amigorena, Pierre Guermonprez
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Elevated Cord Macroglobulins in the Diagnosis of Intrauterine Infections
Authors: E. Richard Stiehm, Arthur J. Ammann, James D. Cherry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

INFECTION in utero can result in stillbirth, prematurity, malformation, growth failure and mental retardation.1 2 3 4 5 Rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, Treponema pallidum and toxoplasma are known causes of intrauterine infections that lead to fetal damage. Other agents, including mumps, influenza, Coxsackie, ECHO and vaccinia viruses, may be implicated.1 2 3 The incidence and etiology of these infections cannot be determined with any degree of accuracy by a retrospective study of illness during pregnancy, primarily because it is difficult to recollect trivial or short lasting symptoms or to establish an exact microbiologic diagnosis six months later. A clinical survey of newborn infants is also unsatisfactory since . . .
The Antithrombotic Action of Gelatin
Authors: Henry Haimovici, Jacob Fine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

PROPERLY prepared gelatin is now regarded as a satisfactory blood substitute within certain limits for the treatment of traumatic shock.1 , 2 Intravenously administered gelatin, however, has been observed to produce an increased bleeding and clotting time in the experimental animal in deep shock.1 2 3 This is also true of albumin and plasma.3 It occurred to us that if this were also a property of such fluids in the relatively normal state of the organism, they might prove useful in the prophylaxis or therapy of deep venous thrombosis, in place of heparin or dicoumarin, which have serious limitations. Of these fluids the most . . .
Protective effects of anti-C5a in sepsis-induced thymocyte apoptosis
Authors: Ren-Feng Guo, Markus Huber-Lang, Xin Wang, Vidya Sarma, Vaishalee A. Padgaonkar, Ronald A. Craig, Niels C. Riedemann, Shannon D. McClintock, Tommy Hlaing, Michael M. Shi, Peter A. Ward
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Multiorgan apoptosis occurs during sepsis. Following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats, thymocytes underwent apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. C5a blockade dramatically reduced thymocyte apoptosis as measured by thymic weight, binding of annexin V to thymocytes, and laddering of thymocyte DNA. When C5a was generated in vivo by infusion of purified cobra venom factor (CVF), thymocyte apoptosis was significantly increased. Similar results were found when CVF was injected in vivo during the early stages of CLP. In animals 12 hours after induction of CLP, there was an increase in the activities of caspase-3, -6, and -9, but not caspase-1 and -8. Cytosolic cytochrome c levels increased by twofold, whereas mitochondrial levels showed a 50% decrease. Western blot analysis revealed that the content of Bcl-XL (but not of Bcl-2, BAX, Bad, and Bim) significantly decreased in thymocytes after CLP. C5a blockade in the sepsis model almost completely inhibited caspase-3, -6, and -9 activation, significantly preserved cytochrome c in the mitochondrial fraction, and restored Bcl-XL expression. These data suggest that systemic activation of complement induces C5a-dependent apoptosis of thymocytes and that the blockade of C5a during sepsis rescues thymocytes from apoptosis.
Abstract 1540: Inhibition of SDF production by brain tumor cells reduces brain tumor bed effect
Authors: Chi-Shiun Chiang, Chi-Ming Ling, Shu-Chi Wang, Ji-Hong Hong
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Previous study on a murine prostate tumor model, TRAMP-C1, has shown that tumor transplants in preirradiated (pre-IR) tissues have longer growth delay and lower microvascular density (MVD) than in nonirradiated tissues, a phenomenon known as the tumor bed effect (TBE) that is associated with less responsive to salvage radiotherapy or chemotherapy and higher risk of metastasis. This study further demonstrates that a murine astrocytoma, ALTS1C1, grown from pre-IR brain tissues also have obvious TBE. This indicates that there is also a brain TBE that may affect the therapeutic efficacy of recurrent brain tumor after radiotherapy. Additional study shows that the inhibition of SDF expression in ALTS1C1 by specific siRNA reduces pre-IR-induced tumor growth delay and TAM association with hypoxia. The vessel formation mechanism is also altered into more mature form. This indicates that SDF production by brain tumor cells plays significant roles on the response of recurrent brain tumors after radiotherapy to salvage therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1540. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1540