tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rupture of the bronchus.
Authors: R Larizadeh
Journal: Thorax (1966)

Rupture of the bronchus has become more common in the last decade, mainly due to an increase in road traffic accidents.In spite of this increase it is still relatively rare, and most thoracic surgeons do not have the personal experience of treating more than two or three cases in their life-time.In 1947 Kinsella and Johnsrud reviewed the world literature on intrathoracic rupture of the tracheo-bronchial tree and were able to collect 40 cases, none of which had been treated by primary repair of the lesion.The first successful repair of a bronchial injury due to a penetrating wound was performed by Paul Sanger in 1945, but it was not until 1949 that Griffiths successfully repaired a bronchus which had completely ruptured eight months pre- viously.By 1959, in their review of the world literature, Hood and Sloan were able to collect 91 cases of tracheo-bronchial rupture.To this they added seven of their own.This increase over a period of 12 years reflects not only an increased incidence but also an increased awareness of the problem by the surgical profession.CASE REPORTS CASE 1 S. T., a boy aged 7 years, was injured by a heavy girdle which fell over the front of his chest.When freed he got up saying that he was going home, but he collapsed immediately afterwards.On admission to Morriston Hospital on 13 June 1961 he was screaming, distressed, and deeply cyanosed.He also had gross subcutaneous emphysema of the whole body and was bleeding from the nose and mouth.Radiographs showed bilateral pneumo- thorax, pneumopericardium, and mediastinal emphy- sema together with a fracture of the fifth left rib.He was given oxygen, and pneumothorax needles (Martin's cannulae) were inserted into the right and left second intercostal spaces anteriorly, with resultant expansion of both lungs.The cannulae became blocked on the third and fourth days respectively and had to be re-inserted.The cannula was removed from the left side on 22 June and from the right side on 27 June.Both lungs remained fully expanded.The patient continued to
HIV-1 suppression by early treatment with hydroxyurea, didanosine, and a protease inhibitor
Authors: Julianna Lisziewicz, Heiko Jessen, Diana Finzi, Robert F Siliciano, Franco Lori
Journal: The Lancet (1998)

Most HIV-1 production occurs in dividing (activated) T-lymphocytes. Non-dividing resting lymphocytes and macrophages, however, might be long-term reservoirs for HIV-1. We wanted to increase the antiviral efficacy of combination therapies by targeting simultaneously reservoir cells and the virus. Hydroxyurea blocks cellular activation necessary for viral replication in CD4 T-lymphocytes, protease-inhibitors inhibit HIV-1 replication in dividing cells, and hydroxyurea with didanosine is effective in non-dividing cells. 1 Lori F Malykh A Cara A et al. Hydroxyurea as an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 replication. Science. 1994; 266: 801-805 Crossref PubMed Scopus (309) Google Scholar , 2 Perno CF Yarchoan R Cooney DA et al. Replication of human immunodeficiency virus in monocytes. Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) potentiates viral production yet enhances the antiviral effect mediated by 3′-azido-2′3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT) and other dideoxynucleoside congeners of thymidine. J Exp Med. 1989; 169: 933-951 Crossref PubMed Scopus (251) Google Scholar
The CD40 region is associated with multiple autoimmune diseases in the Greek population
Authors: G N Goulielmos, M Zervou, G Papadopoulos, S Toussa, V Vazgiourakis, D Plant, M Melissourgaki, H Kritikos, D T Boumpas, P Sidiropoulos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

There is increasing evidence that different autoimmune diseases may share some common pathogenetic pathways. The CD40 locus has recently been identified by a genome-wide study as a genetic risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CD40 is a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily which is constitutively or inducibly expressed on the surface of a variety of immune and non-immune cell types, thus indicating that this locus might also be involved in other autoimmune diseases.

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Angiographic study of univentricular heart of right ventricular type.
Authors: B Soto, E G Bertranou, P R Bream, A Souza, L M Bargeron
Journal: Circulation (1979)

An angiographic analysis of 10 cases of univentricular heart of the right ventricular type is reported. This congenital malformation is characterized by a large chamber with right ventricular morphology that receives both atrioventricular valves, and a second, smaller chamber, a trabecular pouch, with left ventricular morphology. These chambers are separated by a posterior septum but are connected by an inlet septal defect. The angiographic studies were done using the angled angiographic techniques in three patients and the standard frontal and lateral angiographic views in seven cases. The atrial situs in seven patients was solitus, in one inversus, and in two it was ambiguus with left isomerism. In seven patients the usually large right ventricular chamber received two atrioventricular valves and in four patients, one atrioventricular valve was straddling. Three patients had atresia of one atrioventricular valve. The trabecular pouch was small in seven patients but relatively large in three. In six patients the trabecular pouch was located posterior and to the left of the right ventricular chamber and in four anterior and to the right. Double outlet right ventricle was present in all cases. The aorta arose anteriorly to the pulmonary artery in nine patients and posteriorly in one. An autopsy was performed in one case and its correlation with the angiographic findings was remarkable. The angiographic demonstration of the anatomicaly details of this entity and its associated anomalies was facilitated by angled angiography.
Reactions of Adolescents to Short-Term Hospitalization
Authors: SANDER M. ABEND, HYMAN KACHALSKY, HARVEY H. GREENBERG
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The authors present their observations of adolescents hospitalized on a short-term psychiatric ward over a four-year period. Three stages of adjustment are identified in the course of hospitalization, reflecting a gradual formation and dissolution of a strong emotional attachment on the part of the adolescent patients to the ward staff. Evidence that a positive transference to staff does occur during short-term hospitalization lends support to the trend toward community-based mental health care.
Abstract 4400: A novel bispecific antibody with high-affinity to DOTA-metal haptens for pretargeted radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Kelly Davis Orcutt, John V. Frangioni, K Dane Wittrup
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In an effort to reduce background and at the same time maintain hapten retention in the tumor for pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) applications, we recently engineered a high-affinity single chain variable fragment (scFv) to 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) metal chelates. This scFv displays ∼100 pM affinity to Lu and Y chelates of DOTA, ∼1 nM affinity to In chelates of DOTA-aminobenzene (DOTABn), and ∼10 nM affinity to In chelates of DOTA. A bispecific antibody (bsAb) construct was then engineered as a fusion of this scFv to the C-terminus of an IgG light chain. We present a three-step method for PRIT using the IgG-scFv bsAb, a dextran-based clearing agent, and radiolabeled DOTA. Biodistribution and tumor uptake were evaluated in mice with LS174T carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-positive tumors using this anti-CEA bsAb and 177Lu-DOTA, 111In-DOTABn, or 111In-DOTA after pretargeting with the bsAb at time t = −25 h, and clearing of residual bsAb with a dextran-based compound at t = −1 h. The bsAb exhibited tumor uptake of 19 ± 3 %ID/g at 24 h post injection resulting in approximately 10^5 DOTA binding sites per cell. The PRIT approach resulted in 177Lu-DOTA tumor uptake of ∼14 %ID/g at 24 h and 48 h, tumor to kidney ratios of ∼20 at 24 h and 48 h and tumor to blood ratios greater than 300 at 24 h and 48 h. The PRIT system was used to analyze in vivo the effect of small molecule affinity on tumor uptake. 177Lu-DOTA with an affinity of ∼100 pM for the bsAb resulted in 9-fold higher tumor uptake at 24 h than 111In-DOTABn (∼1 nM), and 28-fold higher tumor uptake than 111In-DOTA (∼10 nM). In addition, haptens with higher affinity resulted in higher tumor to kidney and tumor to blood ratios. We present here a PRIT approach with the highest yet reported 48 h tumor to blood and tumor to kidney ratios for CEA targeting. In addition, we report for the first time a systematic study of the effect of small molecule affinity on tumor uptake with affinities spanning a range of two orders of magnitude.24 h biodistribution of DOTA haptens with varying affinities Affinity for bsAb24 h tumor uptake24 h tumor/kidney ratio24 h tumor/blood ratio177Lu-DOTA∼100 pM13.8 ± 2.1 %ID/g18.0 ± 2.2324 ± 56111In-DOTABn∼1 nM1.6 ± 0.3 %ID/g5.6 ± 1.774 ± 4111In-DOTA∼10 nM0.5 ± 0.1 %ID/g1.2 ± 0.4not measurable Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4400.
POTENTIAL OF URINARY NEOPTERIN EXCRETION IN DIFFERENTIATING CHRONIC NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS FROM FATTY LIVER
Authors: Christian Prior, Arno Hausen, Gilbert Reibnegger, Wolfgang Vogel, Dietmar Fuchs, Gert Judmaier, ErnstR. Werner, Helmut Wachter
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Abstract 18269: Prognostic Value of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP7) in Patients With Heart Failure: Data From CORONA
Authors: Thor Ueland, Ståle Nymo, John Kjekshus, John J Mcmurray, John Wikstrand, Ulla Wienhues-Thelen, Peter Liu, Pål Aukrust, Lars Gullestad
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: A recent proteomic analyses of cardiac tissue from a transgenic murine model of heart failure (HF) and clinical myocardial samples identified IGFBP7 as a candidate marker of HF. We investigated if serum levels of IGFBP7 were upregulated in human HF, if IGFBP7 provided independent prognostic information in these patients, and potential interactions with statin therapy. Materials and methods: Serum IGFBP7 was measured in 187 HF patients and 57 matched healthy controls. The associations of serum IGFBP7 with adverse outcome were assessed in a subset of 1428 patients enrolled in the in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in HF (CORONA) population, randomly assigned to 10 mg rosuvastatin or placebo, which included patients with HF, aged ≥60 years, in New York Heart Association classes II to IV, who had ischemic heart disease and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Outcome included the primary endpoint (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke; n=408), all-cause mortality (n=422), CV mortality (n=344), coronary endpoint (n=330) and CV mortality/hospitalization for worsening of heart failure (n=535). Results: Serum IGFBP-7 levels were markedly elevated (p&lt;0.001) in HF patients compared to controls (median [25th, 75th percentile]: 694 [586,874] ng/mL vs. 458 [425,499] ng/mL, p&lt;0.001) and correlated with clinical severity (i.e. NYHA, p=0.002). In univariate analyses, IGFBP7 (continuous variable) was associated with all outcomes [HR ranging from 1.76 (coronary endpoint, p=0.003) to 3.08 (CV death, p&lt;0.001)]. In multi-variable analyses, IGFBP7 remained significant for most endpoints after step 1 adjustment (adjusting for left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA class, age, body mass index, diabetes, sex, intermittent claudication, heart rate, serum creatinine and apoA1) but the predictive value was markedly attenuated and not significant for any outcome after the addition of CRP and NT-proBNP. No interaction by treatment effects were observed for any outcome. Conclusions: Serum IGFBP7 levels are elevated in patients with HF but add no predictive information beyond NT-proBNP for adverse outcome in older patients with advanced chronic systolic HF of ischemic aetiology.
'Invisible' Epidemic Now Becoming Visible as HIV/AIDS Pandemic Reaches Adolescents
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1993)

"THE NEW face of AIDS worldwide is the face of teenaged girls," the director, Adolescent AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Program, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, says. Speaking at the American Medical Association's (AMA's) 2-day Early Intervention Conference for physicians and also at the 1-day press briefing held in Berlin, Germany, just before the Ninth International Conference on AIDS last month, Karen Hein, MD, made this alarming statement. Hein, who is also professor of pediatrics and associate professor of epidemiology and social medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, said that the number of 13- to 21-year-olds in the United States who have become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has risen by 77% in the last 2 years. In this age group, half of the transmission of the virus occurs through heterosexual intercourse. Seeing only a few hands raised when she asked her listeners how many had treated
Selective inhibition of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 blocks initiation and maintenance of B-cell transformation
Authors: Lapo Alinari, Kiran V. Mahasenan, Fengting Yan, Vrajesh Karkhanis, Ji-Hyun Chung, Emily M. Smith, Carl Quinion, Porsha L. Smith, Lisa Kim, John T. Patton, Rosa Lapalombella, Bo Yu, Yun Wu, Satavisha Roy, Alessandra De Leo, Stefano Pileri, Claudio Agostinelli, Leona Ayers, James E. Bradner, Selina Chen-Kiang, Olivier Elemento, Tasneem Motiwala, Sarmila Majumder, John C. Byrd, Samson Jacob, Said Sif, Chenglong Li, Robert A. Baiocchi
Journal: Blood (2015)
The angiogenic response to PLL-g-PEG-mediated HIF-1α plasmid DNA delivery in healthy and diabetic rats
Authors: Markus Thiersch, Markus Rimann, Vasiliki Panagiotopoulou, Ece Öztürk, Thomas Biedermann, Marcus Textor, Tessa C. Lühmann, Heike Hall
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
PSA and the Detection of Prostate Cancer-Reply
Authors: William J. Catalona
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In Reply.  —Most clinicians experienced in treating patients with prostate cancer would agree that routine prostate cancer screening in men over the age of 75 years is not beneficial. However, the hypothetical scenario created by Dr Robbins to demonstrate this point bears little resemblance to the real world. It illustrates why outcomes research cannot substitute for experienced clinical judgment. 1   First, the composition of Robbins' imaginary screening population (50% aged 75 to 79 years and 50% aged 80 years and older) does not comport with our experience and, in fact, is implausible. In our experience, approximately 20% of screening volunteers are over the age of 70 years, but less than 2% are octogenarians. 2 Second, it is unlikely that any physician would advise every man over 75 years of age whose serum PSA level is above 4.0 μg/L to undergo biopsy or that one with clinical expertise would advise every
Mitochondrial-to-nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in cardiac myocytes during oxidant stress: potential role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1
Authors: Min Chen, Zsuzsanna Zsengellér, Chun Yang Xiao, Csaba Szabo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Oxidant stress-induced activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) plays a role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. We have now investigated the role of PARP in the death of cardiac myocytes in response to oxidant stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, with focus on the mitochondrial function.Using wild-type and PARP-1-deficient murine myocytes challenged with hydrogen peroxide, we found that mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential were better preserved in PARP-deficient myocytes and cellular NAD+ levels were maintained. The release of the mitochondrial cell death factor cytochrome c, and the mitochondrial-to-nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were also attenuated in the PARP-deficient myocytes.PARP-1, directly or indirectly, regulates the translocation of AIF in myocytes subjected to oxidative stress. The current results are consistent with the view that PARP-1 activation, via induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and promotion of mitochondrial cell death pathways, plays a deleterious pathophysiological role under conditions of oxidative stress.
Perspectives of Novel Imaging Techniques for Staging, Therapy Response Assessment, and Monitoring of Surveillance in Lung Cancer: Summary of the Dresden 2013 Post WCLC-IASLC State-of-the-Art Imaging Workshop
Authors: Thomas Henzler, Peter Goldstraw, Frederik Wenz, Robert Pirker, Walter Weder, Paul Apfaltrer, Mathias Meyer, Karen Buesing, Lucio Crino, Dean Fennell, Christian Fink, Dominique Grunenwald, Christian Manegold, Lothar Pilz, Stefan O. Schoenberg, Senan Suresh, Johan Vansteenkiste, Wieland Voigt, Björn Wängler, Gerald Schmid-Bindert
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
UK government to provide a research portal to make publicly funded research freely available to all
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The government has enlisted Jimmy Wales, cofounder of Wikipedia, to help realise plans to make all publicly funded research accessible free of charge.

David Willetts, the minister for universities and science, announced the appointment in an article in the Guardian today (www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/may/01/open-free-access-academic-research) and was due to elaborate on it later in a speech to the Publishers Association.

Last December in its innovation and research strategy for growth the government promised that open access was its aim, and it set up a working group chaired by Janet Finch, former vice chancellor of Keele University, to consider implementation. She is expected to report next month.

“Giving people the right to roam freely over publicly funded research will …
Mitochondrial DNA minisatellites as new markers for the quantitative determination of hematopoietic chimerism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: M-G Shin, H-J Kim, H-R Kim, Il-K Lee, H Kook, D Cho, S-J Kee, J-H Shin, S-P Suh, D-W Ryang
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Pharmacokinetics of R 82913 in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex
Authors: G. Pialoux, B. Dupont, M. Youle, B. Gazzard, S. Davies, G.F.M.J. Cauwenbergh, P.A.M. Stoffels, P.A.J. Janssen, J. de Saint Martin
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
Hospital epidemiology. Its development and potential
Authors: H. T. Fuerst
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The need for closer liaison between hospitals and public health agencies arose from the increasing concern of hospitals with community health services and the broadening compass of public health epidemiology. The impetus for these expanded interests came in part from an appreciation of the importance of ecological factors in disease causation and prevention. Considerations such as these led to the organization of a hospital epidemiology program in New York city. In this pilot project 16 hospitals in the borough of Brooklyn each nominated a staff member as hospital epidemiologist. The epidemiologist, acting for both the hospital and the health department, conducts a variety of investigative, educational, and related activities in his institution. These are coordinated with extramural activities of the health department's field epidemiologists. Steps are being taken to expand the hospital epidemiology program throughout the city.
Abstract A17: Cancer immunotherapy using naked DNA vaccine targeting p53.
Authors: Rueyshyang Soong, Chien-Fu Hung, T.-C. Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: The pivotal role of p53 as a tumor suppressor protein is illustrated by the fact that this protein is found mutated in more than 50% of human cancers. In most cases, mutations in p53 greatly increase the otherwise short half-life of this protein in normal tissue and cause it to accumulate in the cytoplasm of tumors. The overexpression of mutated p53 in tumor cells makes p53 a potentially desirable target for the development of cancer immunotherapy. However, p53 protein represents an endogenous tumor-associated antigen (TAA), and immunization against self-antigen is challenging because antigen-specific immune response likely only generate low affinity antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. This represents a bottleneck of tumor immunotherapy when targeting endogenous antigens expressed by tumors. Purpose: The objective of the current study is to develop a safe cancer immunotherapy using a naked DNA vaccine employing xenogenic p53 gene to break immune tolerance resulting in a potent therapeutic antitumor effect against tumors expressing mutated p53. Our study assessed the therapeutic antitumor effect after immunization with DNA encoding human p53 (hp53) or mouse p53 (mp53). Results: C57BL/6 mice immunized with xenogenic full length of hp53 DNA plasmid intramuscularly followed by electroporation were capable of protecting against challenge with murine colon cancer MC38. In contrast, mice immunized with mp53 DNA were incapable of protecting mice against challenge with MC38 tumors. In a therapeutic model, established MC38 tumors were also well controlled by treatment with hp53DNA therapy in tumor bearing mice compared to mp53 DNA. Mice vaccinated with hp53 DNA plasmid also exhibited an increase in mp53-specific CD8+ T cell precursors compared to vaccination with mp53 DNA. In antibody depletion experiments, we also demonstrated that CD8+ T cells play crucial roles in the antitumor effects. Conclusion: This study showed intramuscular vaccination with xenogenic hp53 DNA vaccine followed by electroporation is capable of inducing potent antitumor effects against mutated p53 expressing tumors through CD8+ T cells. Citation Format: Rueyshyang Soong, Chien-Fu Hung, T.-C. Wu. Cancer immunotherapy using naked DNA vaccine targeting p53. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A17.