tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase I Study and Pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 With 5-Day Continuous Infusion
Authors: Y. Ohe, Y. Sasaki, T. Shinkai, K. Eguchi, T. Tamura, A. Kojima, H. Kunikane, H. Okamoto, A. Karato, H. Ohmatsu, F. Kanzawa, N. Saijo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Phase I Study and Pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 With 5-Day Continuous Infusion Get access Yuichiro Ohe, Yuichiro Ohe * Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan *Correspondence to : Yuichiro Ohe, M.D., Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104,Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yasutsuna Sasaki, Yasutsuna Sasaki Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tetsu Shinkai, Tetsu Shinkai Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenji Eguchi, Kenji Eguchi Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tomohide Tamura, Tomohide Tamura Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Akira Kojima, Akira Kojima Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hiroshi Kunikane, Hiroshi Kunikane Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hiroaki Okamoto, Hiroaki Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Atsuya Karato, Atsuya Karato Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hironobu Ohmatsu, Hironobu Ohmatsu Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ... Show more Fumihiko Kanzawa, Fumihiko Kanzawa Pharmacology Division, National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nagahiro Saijo Nagahiro Saijo Pharmacology Division, National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 12, 17 June 1992, Pages 972–974, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.12.972 Published: 17 June 1992 Article history Revision received: 03 April 1992 Accepted: 13 April 1992 Published: 17 June 1992 Received: 30 December 1992
Diagnosis and management of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: F. Collier, R. C. Smith, C. A. Morton
Journal: BMJ (2013)

#### Summary points

Most health professionals who regularly examine adult patients will have seen hidradenitis suppurativa. The characteristic scarring of the axillae, inguinal areas, and breasts can be seen on routine physical examination, but the diagnosis may go unrecognised. The prevalence of this condition is around 1% in many European populations, and management is commonly shared between general practice, dermatology, and various surgical specialties.1 2 Validated quality of life tools show worse scores for pain, effects on social functioning, living activities, and self image in hidradenitis than in psoriasis and eczema.3 4

This review aims to provide guidance for the management of hidradenitis in primary care, suggestions for when referral to secondary care is appropriate, and an overview of the available medical and surgical interventions.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched Embase, Medline, and CINAH using keywords “hidradenitis”, “hidradenitis suppurative”, “suppurativa hidradenitis”, “hidradenitis suppurativa, familial”, and “acne inversa” for original research and reviews from 2005 to September 2012. We also manually searched studies cited in reviews. The NHS Evidence into Practice resource and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register were also searched. We checked the bibliography of Jemec and colleagues’ 2006 book Hidradenitis suppurativa for additional sources,1 in addition to the website of the British Association for Hidradenitis Suppurativa. The literature consists mostly of open studies and clinical reports on small groups of patients, with few …
303A cell-Autonomous role for endothelial GTP cyclohydrolase 1 and tetrahydrobiopterin in blood pressure regulation
Authors: S Chuaiphichai, E Mcneill, G Douglas, MJ Crabtree, JK Bendall, AB Hale, NJ Alp, KM Channon
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial NO synthase (NOS) is a key regulator of vascular tone and blood pressure. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for endothelial NOS. When BH4 levels become limiting, eNOS produces superoxide anion rather than NO and in turn further reduces NO bioavailability, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cell BH4 has been hypothesized to be critical in maintaining vascular function, but to date in vivo models of BH4 deficiency have achieved only partial global depletion of BH4 synthesis. We have investigated the specific role of endothelial cell BH4 using a novel line of conditional knockout mice. Mice homozygous for a floxed GCH1 (GCH1fl/fl) allele (encoding for GTPCH protein an essential enzyme in BH4 biosynthesis) were crossed with Tie2cre transgenic mice to produce GCH1fl/flTie2cre line, where the GCH1 gene is knocked out specific in endothelial cells. We have shown that the GCH1 gene is completely excised in isolated endothelial cells, with an accompanying lack of BH4 production in aortas from GCH1fl/flTie2cre mice. To determine the effects of endothelial cell BH4 deficiency on NO producing activity, we measured NO bioactivity by three complementary methods, each indicating deficient, or absent endothelial NO bioactivity in GCH1fl/flTie2cre mice compared with wild-type littermates. Superoxide production assessed by dihydroethidium HPLC was significantly 4-fold greater in primary endothelial cells from GCH1fl/flTie2cre mice compared with wild-type controls, which inhibited by L-NAME. Vasomotor studies demonstrated that GCH1fl/flTie2cre aortas and mesenteric arteries had significantly enhanced vasoconstriction to phenylephrine and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatations to acetylcholine and SLIGRL. The NOS-derived vasodilator in GCH1fl/flTie2cre aortas was identified as H2O2 using the scavenger PEG-catalase, which inhibited vasodilatation only in GCH1fl/flTie2cre aortas. Ex vivo supplementation of aortic rings with the BH4 analogue sepiapterin abolished NOS-derived H2O2 production and restored normal endothelial function in GCH1fl/flTie2cre aortas. GCH1fl/flTie2cre mice had higher systemic blood pressure than wild-type littermates (96.4±0.8 mmHg vs 103.4±1.3 mmHg; P<0.01), which was normalised by L-NAME. Taken together, these studies reveal an endothelial cell-autonomous requirement for GCH1 and BH4 in regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure, and identify endothelial cell BH4 as a pivotal regulator of NO vs. H2O2 as alternative eNOS-derived endothelial derived relaxing factors.
Coffee Worker's Allergy
Authors: Karin Osterman, Olle Zetterström, S. G. O. Johansson
Journal: Allergy (1982)

Workers in the coffee industry were investigated. Study I comprised 50 selected cases of whom 25 had work-related symptoms and 25 had not. Prick tests and RAST investigations with different factory dust extracts were performed. Study II was a cross-sectional study comprising 129 workers who were prick-tested with one factory dust extract and with castor bean (CB). More than 40% described occupationally related asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis or pruritus, and in about half of these cases sensitization with one or two allergens was found. One allergen comes from coffee beans and is found in the factory dust, mainly where the raw coffee is handled. This allergen is destroyed in the roasting process. The other allergen is identical with the allergen from castor bean and its presumed to enter the plant via the sacks. Predisposing factors to developing sensitization were atopic status, degree and length of exposure, and smoking habits.
Generation of Human Striatal Neurons by MicroRNA-Dependent Direct Conversion of Fibroblasts
Authors: Matheus B. Victor, Michelle Richner, Tracey O. Hermanstyne, Joseph L. Ransdell, Courtney Sobieski, Pan-Yue Deng, Vitaly A. Klyachko, Jeanne M. Nerbonne, Andrew S. Yoo
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Preoperative Diagnosis of Rupture into the Duodenum of an Aortic-Homograft Anastomosis
Authors: I. Nik Nevin, Warner S. Bump, George R. Thuerer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

REPAIR of aortic aneurysm by resection and its replacement by synthetic or homologous graft is now being done with increasing frequency. De Bakey et al.1 performed this operation in 313 cases during a five-year period (1951–1956). Nowadays, it is not unusual for physicians in general or specialty practice in small communities to know of one or more patients who have had a successful repair of an aortic aneurysm. For example, one of us (I.N.N.) knows of at least 4 patients in this community who have had the operation.Apart from the immediate operative and postoperative mortality and morbidity, these patients . . .
The complete mitochondrial genome of Alligator mississippiensis and the separation between recent archosauria (birds and crocodiles)
Authors: A. Janke, U. Arnason
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

The complete mitochondrial genome of the alligator, Alligator mississippiensis, was sequenced. The size of the molecule is 16,642 nucleotides. Previously reported rearrangements of tRNAs in crocodile mitochondrial genomes were confirmed and, relative to mammals, no other deviations of gene order were observed. The analysis of protein-coding genes of the alligator showed an evolutionary rate that is roughly the same as in mammals. Thus, the evolutionary rate in the alligator is faster than that in birds as well as that in cold-blooded vertebrates. This contradicts hypotheses of constant body temperatures or high metabolic rate being correlated with elevated molecular evolutionary rates. It is commonly acknowledged that birds are the closest living relatives to crocodiles. Birds and crocodiles represent the only archosaurian survivors of the mass extinction at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. On the basis of mitochondrial protein-coding genes, the Haemothermia hypothesis, which defines birds and mammals as sister groups and thus challenges the traditional view, could be rejected. Maximum-likelihood branch length data of amino acid sequences suggest that the divergence between the avian and crocodilian lineages took place at approximately equal to 254 MYA.
Forced Expiratory Flow in Uninfected Infants and Children Born to HIV-infected Mothers
Authors: ANDREW A. COLIN, J. SUNIL RAO, XIN C. CHEN, JANICE M. HUNTER, JOHN HANRAHAN, PETER HIATT, MEYER KATTAN, ANASTASSIOS KOUMBOURLIS, ROBERT B. MELLINS, HANNAH H. PEAVY, ARNOLD PLATZKER, ANDREW TING, SUZANNE STEINBACH, MARY ELLEN B. WOHL, National Heart, None Lung, Blood Institute
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV (P2C2 HIV) Study is a multicenter study examining pulmonary and cardiac outcomes in offspring of HIV-infected mothers. This portion of the P2C2 study tests the hypothesis that infants exposed to, but uninfected by, maternal HIV have normal maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (V ′ max,FRC). We obtained 500 measurements of V ′ max,FRC by rapid thoracic compression in 285 children ages 6–30 mo in five U.S. centers. The data were compared with those from a healthy cohort of children described elsewhere. V ′ max,FRC rose with height in a linear relationship. The slope of the regression line in the exposed infants did not differ statistically from the slope in the comparison group, but the intercept was about 20% lower (p < 0.001). Height and weight were comparable in the two cohorts, and the differences between intercepts persisted after adjusting for birth weight and gestational age. However, maternal HIV infection cannot be assumed to be the cause as the cohorts may have differed in other variables, such as socioeconomic status and frequency of maternal smoking and drug use. Also, measurements varied substantially within and between our five centers, probably in part because of different racial and ethnic distributions. In summary, maternal HIV infection probably has only a modest effect, if any, on maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity in uninfected infants.
Disadvantages of the Rectal Swab in Diagnosis of Diarrhoea
Authors: M. E. M. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1954)

STOMACHMBxnJ the appearances were much the same.There was still much pus-like mucus between the folds (see Fig.).In April, 1945, he was investigated at the Central Middle- sex Hospital.A barium-meal examination by Dr. Golding showed an enlarged stomach with much resting juice and a narrow pyloric canal.Gastroscopy showed much the same appearances as before.For the rest of 1945 and the early part of 1946 he remained fairly comfortable on a light diet.He washed out his stomach periodic-* % ally.His weight was generally around 9 st.(57 kg.).Occult blood was found on many occasions.By Octo- ber, 1946, he had de- Uteriorated markedly.He was thin and apathetic.Visible peristalsis was noted and a mass was palpated in the pyloric region.Gastric lavage and intravenous infu- Gastroscopic appearances in primary sions improved his con- sarcoma of the stomach.d i t i o n.Gastroscopy on November 5, 1946, by Dr. Avery Jones showed the mucosa to be everywhere thickened and hyperaemic.On the lesser curve were patches almost like granulation tissue.The diagnosis was either a severe chronic gastritis or a low-grade infiltrating new growth.Laparotomy was at last agreed to and was performed on November 22, 1946, by Mr. Hugh Blauvelt.A new growth was palpated in the pyloric region.The liver and peritoneum seemed normal except for some adhesions round the duo- denum.A partial gastrectomy was performed and the patient made a satisfactory recovery.A course of deep x-ray treatment was given, and when last seen in December, 1953, he was fit and well.
Ogilvie's Syndrome
Authors: J. A. Barclay
Journal: BMJ (1950)

of three cases of Ogilvie's syndrome of false colonic obstruction prompts me to report the following case:A man of 48 was admitted to the Warrington Infirmary on April 22, 1949, complaining of constipation for four days with no flatus for two days, and the sudden onset of severe colicky para-umbilical pain three hours prior to admission.He gave no history of constipation, pain, or bowel upset before this attack, and had always been healthy.
A Paper on THE RADIOLOGY OF HEART DISEASE
Authors: J. Parkinson
Journal: BMJ (1933)

In the diagnosis of heart disease we rely on symptoms and signs. While symptoms retain the high regard of physi cians, some physical signs have depreciated and are being revalued because they do not conform to the modern standards exacted by the sphygmomanometer, the electro cardiograph, and x rays. Such instruments represent the current demand for precision, even at the expense of simplicity. An instrumental method eliminates many fallacies inherent in the personal factor. For example, hypertension may be suspected (or not) from palpation of the pulse, but the sphygmomanometer gives us reliable information as to its presence and degree. Similarly, the electrocardiograph excels in the recognition of abnormal heart rhythms, not to mention certain myocardial defects which nothing else can reveal. X rays now claim a place in cardiac diagnosis because they furnish us with detailed evidence beyond the reach of percussion. Should any dislike this development, I would have them accept it as a modern application of a traditional method in medicine. It is inspection by #-ray sight (radioscopy), with an extension and permanent record of the visual picture (radiography). Percussion
Preventing Heart Disease in Women
Authors: Lawrence J. Appel, Trudy Bush
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The prevention of cardiovascular disease in women is receiving increasing attention as clinicians, researchers, and policymakers question whether cardiovascular disease prevention efforts that have been evaluated predominantly in men offer the same benefits (and risks) to women. 1 The report by Manson et al 2 from the Nurses' Health Study provides evidence regarding one such intervention, namely the use of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. This observational study noted a clinically relevant, statistically significant reduction in the risk of a first myocardial infarction among women who took low-dose aspirin; specifically, women who reported taking between one and six aspirin per week experienced a 25% reduction in the risk of a myocardial infarction in comparison with those who took no aspirin. A trend toward an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke was present among women who reported taking 15 or more aspirin per week but was not present
Isolation of measles virus from middle ear fluid of infants with acute otitis media
Authors: Hisakazu Yano, Mitsuko Suetake, Hiroko Endo, Reiko Takayanagi, Mika Numata, Kenji Ohyama, Shun Sagai, Naohiro Okitsu, Michiko Okamoto, Hidekazu Nishimura, Toshimitsu Kobayashi
Journal: Journal of Infection (2004)
ANGIOGENIC EFFECTS OF THE HIF-1α WITH TRIPLE-POINT MUTATIONS EVALUATED BY ULTRASOUND MOLECULAR IMAGING
Authors: Jian-Ping Bin, Jia-jia Xie, Jue-fei Wu, Li Yang, Ming-yan Li, Guang-quan Hu, Jing-jing Cai, Yun-bin Xiao, Ping-sheng Wu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Severity of glomerulopathy predicts long-term urinary albumin excretion rate in patients with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
Authors: H J Bangstad, R Osterby, A Hartmann, T J Berg, K F Hanssen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the degree of glomerular structural lesions in young patients with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria was associated with urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) 6 years later and whether the AER level was influenced by blood glucose control, blood pressure, or glomerular filtration rate (GFR). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: There were 17 young adults with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria, 8 men and 9 women with mean age 20 years (95% CI: 18-22) and duration of diabetes of 11 years (10-13), who participated in a 6-year prospective study. Kidney biopsies (measurements of basement membrane thickness [BMT] and mesangial and matrix volume fractions) and GFR were performed at baseline. AER and HbA1c were measured at least three times a year and blood pressure once a year. RESULTS: In a multivariate analysis, baseline BMT and mean 6-year HbA1c contributed significantly to AER at the end of the study (R2 = 0.69, P &amp;lt; 0.01). When mesangial volume fraction replaced BMT as the independent variable, this parameter and AER at baseline predicted the AER at 6 years (R2 = 0.55, P &amp;lt; 0.55). Mesangial volume fraction and BMT (in separate analysis) contributed significantly to change in AER during the study. During the study, neither AER (30 micrograms/min [19-40] to 16 micrograms/min [7-90]) nor blood pressure (96 mmHg [92-102] to 95 mmHg [91-98]) changed significantly in the group. However, HbA1c was reduced from 10.3 (9.6-11.0) to 8.4% (7.8-9.1) (P &amp;lt; 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In young patients with microalbuminuria, the long-term urinary AER was predicted by the degree of glomerular structural changes and associated with blood glucose control, but not with blood pressure or GFR.
Early management of spinal cord injury
Authors: J. Pennant
Journal: BMJ (1986)

sibility offuture spinal deformity, which can be the consequence of conservative management.Finally, it is our experience that after the early postoperative period the pain associated with the fracture is less with internally fixed spines than in those conservatively managed.No matter what hospital management is finally embarked on, the important aspect of the care of a potentially unstable spinal injury is, firstly, to recognise that this possibility exists and, secondly, to transport the patient without risking dis- placement of the spine by using the techniques described in the article.
Official Control of Antitoxins and Vaccines.
Authors: C. S. Hallberg
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Chicago, Jan. 2, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The paper of Dr. Dock on "Smallpox and Vaccination" and the editorial comment thereon, "The Vaccination Question," inThe Journalof December 21, following so closely the antitoxin episodes, suggests more forcibly than ever the necessity for some authoritative method of inspection and control of these remedial agents. As has been observed, in the absence of some form of supervision or restriction by the National Government on the manufacture and sale of these biologic products the medical profession through its National Association should take the initiative and provide some means whereby the absolute identity, purity and degree of potency of at least these delicate and variable organic preparations will be assured beyond peradventure. As is well known, the United States Pharmacopeia is now undergoing the eighth decennial Revision by a National Committee of Physicians, Chemists and Pharmacists. While this committee has recognized the
Modulation of lymphocyte phenotype and function by immunoglobulins
Authors: J. Kirschbaum, K. Forschner, C. Rasche, M. Worm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Immunoglobulins have immune-modulating capacities and are used for the treatment of different dermatological diseases. They have also been reported for the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis (AD).To determine the effects of immunoglobulins on the phenotype and function of peripheral T and B lymphocytes from patients with AD in comparison with healthy donors (HD) as controls.We studied lymphocyte activation and T-cell cytokine production from 12 patients with AD and 10 HD by multicolour flow cytometric analysis in the presence of immunoglobulins.Immunoglobulins significantly inhibited T-cell activation (CD69), by 71% (AD) and by 62% (HD). Production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 was also significantly inhibited, by 44%/24% (AD) and 38%/10% (HD), respectively. In addition, CD86 expression on B lymphocytes was downregulated by 30% in AD and by 29% in HD, whereas CD23 expression was decreased without reaching statistical significance.Our data demonstrate that, in vitro, immunoglobulins modulate the activation and cytokine production of peripheral blood lymphocytes from both HD and patients with AD.