tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunological effect of co-trimoxazole on platelets.
Authors: F H Claas, J W van der Meer, J Langerak
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Diminished survival of transfused platelets occurred in two patients given co-trimoxazole, and a third patient taking this drug developed thrombocytopenia. By means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay antibodies against donor platelets coated with co-trimoxazole were found in the sera in all cases. These antibodies were directed against the trimethoprim component of co-trimoxazole and not against sulphamethoxazole. Co-trimoxazole is a potent antimicrobial agent and is advocated for treatment and prophylaxis in leukaemia. Hence its adverse effect on platelets is of great importance.
Cross-shift Airway Responses and Long-Term Decline in FEV<sub>1</sub> in Cotton Textile Workers
Authors: Xiaorong Wang, Hong-Xi Zhang, Bi-Xiong Sun, He-Lian Dai, Jin-Qing Hang, Ellen Eisen, Li Su, David C. Christiani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: Acute airway response, measured as cross-shift change in FEV1, to cotton dust may lead to subsequent chronic loss of lung function in exposed workers.Objectives: To explore the association between the magnitude and frequency of cross-shift change and chronic loss of FEV1.Methods: Four hundred eight cotton workers and 417 silk workers from Shanghai textile mills were observed prospectively for 20 years, with cross-shift measurements at baseline and follow-up surveys at approximate 5-year intervals. To account for repeated measures of 5-year change, generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the relationship between the magnitude of cross-shift change in FEV1 (ΔFEV1) and subsequent 5-year annualized change. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between the number of drops in cross-shift FEV1 (ΔFEV1 < 0) and annualized change over the entire study period.Measurements and Main Results: Exposure to cotton dust was associated with a 10 ml/year decrement in 5-year annualized FEV1 decline. In addition, every 10 ml in ΔFEV1 drop was associated with an additional 1.5 ml/year loss in annualized FEV1 decline. The association between the frequency of drops and annualized decline was stronger for cotton workers than for silk workers over the entire study period.Conclusions: Cotton workers had larger and more frequent drops, as well as excessive chronic declines in FEV1, than did silk workers. The magnitude and frequency of cross-shift drops were associated with chronic loss in FEV1 over the entire 20-year period examined.
Review: Probiotics prevent<i>C. difficile</i>–associated diarrhea in patients using antibiotics
Authors: Harrison G. Weed
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Goldenberg JZ, Ma SS, Saxton JD, et al. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(5):CD006095. 23728658
Length of Stay and Mortality Associated With Febrile Neutropenia Among Children With Cancer
Authors: Swati K. Basu, Isabel D. Fernandez, Susan G. Fisher, Barbara L. Asselin, Gary H. Lyman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for longer length of stay (los) and mortality among hospitalized children with cancer who have febrile neutropenia.This study involved analysis of longitudinal data from the University HealthSystem Consortium database from 1995 to 2002. All patients who were 21 years or younger, with diagnostic codes for both neoplastic disease and febrile neutropenia at discharge, were included.A total of 12,446 patients were identified for the study. The los was 5 days or less for 6,799 patients, and greater than 5 days for 5,647 patients. The mortality rate was 3%. On bivariate analysis, race, age, cancer type, and associated complications (bacteremia/sepsis, hypotension, pneumonia, and fungal infections) were significantly associated with longer length of stay and death. On multivariate analysis, age group, race, cancer type (acute myeloid leukemia, multiple cancers v acute lymphoblastic leukemia), and the complication variables were significantly associated with increased risk of longer los and death. Certain types of cancer (Hodgkin's disease, osteosarcoma/Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, compared with acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and year of discharge after 1995 were significantly associated with a reduced risk of longer length of stay and/or mortality.Race, age group, year of discharge, associated complications, and cancer type were significantly associated with risk of longer los and mortality. These factors may potentially help in identifying high-risk patients who might benefit from targeted antibiotic therapy or prophylactic hematopoietic growth factor support.
The Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Ultrastructure of the Human Bronchus.
Authors: Geoffrey L. Brinkman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969The Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Ultrastructure of the Human Bronchus.Geoffrey L. Brinkman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Geoffrey L. Brinkman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1097_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptExcessve cigarette smoking causes squamous metaplasia of the bronchial mucosa, but before this degree of damage becomes apparent it may be possible to detect changes in cigarette smokers in the ultrastructural appearance of the bronchial epithelium. Bronchial biopsies were obtained during lung resection and immediately fixed in 3% gluteraldehyde and postfixed with osmium. After embedding in Vestophal-W and staining with uranyl magnesium acetate, the specimens were examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy.In cigarette smokers, some or all of the following changes were noted. Bronchial epithelial cells may change from a cylindrical to cuboidal shape while proliferating in number.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1097-1097KeywordsBiopsyElectron microscopyEpithelial cellsEpitheliumLight microscopyLung resectionMagnesiumMucous membranesStaining Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Perforin activity and immune homeostasis: the common A91V polymorphism in perforin results in both presynaptic and postsynaptic defects in function
Authors: Ilia Voskoboinik, Vivien R. Sutton, Annette Ciccone, Colin M. House, Jenny Chia, Phillip K. Darcy, Hideo Yagita, Joseph A. Trapani
Journal: Blood (2007)
BMA meeting: Doctors vote against protecting relatives who accompany people abroad for help with dying
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

BMA representatives have narrowly voted not to support legislation that would ensure that people accompanying a patient at an assisted death will not be subject to criminal prosecution.

Next week (Tuesday 7 July) the House of Lords will vote on an amendment to the Coroners and Justice Bill, which, if passed, would make it legal for relatives to help mentally competent adults who are terminally ill to travel abroad for assisted suicide.

Kailash Chand, a GP in Manchester, argued that the law must be defined and made unambiguous to protect the rights of terminally ill people. “We must also …
Abstract 5274: Expression of selected miRNA and miRNA processing genes in oral precancer and cancer tissues.
Authors: Bidyut Roy, Roshni Roy, Navonil De Sarkar, Ranjan Rashni Paul
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Oral leukoplakia is a premalignant lesion that long has been considered to confer increased risk for the development of Oral Cancer which is highly prevalent in India. Oral lichen planus (OLP) on the other hand is a chronic inflammatory disease whose malignant potential is debatable. Since not all oral precancerous lesions progress to oral cancer, molecular markers like miRNA expression could be used to diagnose and predict progression of disease that cannot be detected histopathologically. Objective: Study of intra- and inter-variation in the expression of a few microRNAs (26a1, 423, 34b, 29a, 193a, 137 and 205) and microRNA processing (XPO5, GEMIN3 and RAN) genes in the three disease types, namely, oral cancer, leukoplakia and lichen planus. Methodology: Total RNA was extracted from paired disease and normal tissues from 15 oral cancer, 19 leukoplakia and 19 OLP patients. Expression of microRNAs and microRNA processing genes were studied using TaqMan assay. Subsequent statistical analyses were performed for interpretation of expression data. Results: Expression of mir 26a-1 and mir 137 genes was dysregulated &amp;gt;2 folds in 70% of the cancer samples while expression of remaining microRNAs and mir-processing genes were deregulated in a few samples. In leukoplakia, expression of mir-26a-1 was dysregulated &amp;gt;2 folds in 50% of the samples while dysregulation in expression of the remaining miRNAs was observed in 1/3rd of the patients. In OLP, there was an interesting trend of unidirectional up or down regulation in the expression of mir26a-1, mir29a, mir-34b and mir-137 genes. We also observed that the average expression of miRNA genes differed among the three patient groups. Conclusion: Deregulation in microRNA expression could not be correlated with individual's tobacco habits. Variation in expression of microRNA as well as miRNA processing genes was observed within individuals of the same patient group (i.e. cancer or leukoplakia or lichen planus) and between any two patients groups. There was correlation in expression of microRNAs which probably explains the unidirectional increase or decrease of miR expression in OLP. Finally, the mean expression level in the three types of disease tissues differed significantly. But expression of more miRNA genes in more samples would be necessary for molecular markers. Citation Format: Bidyut Roy, Roshni Roy, Navonil De Sarkar, Ranjan Rashni Paul. Expression of selected miRNA and miRNA processing genes in oral precancer and cancer tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5274. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5274
Sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy: Long-term follow-up of a randomized multicenter trial
Authors: A Wesley Burks, Robert A Wood, Stacie M Jones, Scott H Sicherer, David M Fleischer, Amy M Scurlock, Brian P Vickery, Andrew H Liu, Alice K Henning, Robert Lindblad, Peter Dawson, Marshall Plaut, Hugh A Sampson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Conversion Chemotherapy for Technically Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study Comparing Chemotherapy Alone or in Combination with Cetuximab or Bevacizumab
Authors: Dadduzio Vincenzo, Basso Michele, Ardito Francesco, Mannavola Francesco, Rodriquenz Maria Grazia, Vellone Maria, Marsico Valentina, Cerchiaro Eleonora, Di Nardo Paola, Cassano Alessandra, Giuliante Felice, Barone Carlo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Sex differences in the management and long-term outcome of acute myocardial infarction. A statewide study. MIDAS Study Group. Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System.
Authors: J B Kostis, A C Wilson, K O'Dowd, P Gregory, S Chelton, N M Cosgrove, A Chirala, T Cui
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND We wished to evaluate whether differences in the rate of invasive cardiac procedures between men and women with acute myocardial infarction are associated with different short- and long-term mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS The database (Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System, MIDAS) included all discharges for the years 1986 and 1987 with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in New Jersey, based on the New Jersey hospital discharge data system (MIDS/UB-82). Accuracy of the data was evaluated by auditing 726 randomly selected charts. The variables examined included age, sex, race, comorbidity (anemia, chronic liver disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, hypertension, prior myocardial infarction), complications (left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, conduction defects), insurance status, performance of cardiac catheterization, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and survival up to 3 years. Women were older, had longer hospital stay, and were more likely than men to have anemia, diabetes, hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, and Medicare or Medicaid insurance coverage. They were less likely than men to be admitted to a hospital equipped to perform invasive procedures or to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, prior myocardial infarction, or arrhythmias. After adjustment for these differences, women were less likely than men to have cardiac catheterization. Cardiac catheterization was associated with lower mortality. Women up to age 70 had higher 3-year death rates than men after adjustment for age, race, comorbidity, complications, and insurance type. This difference between men and women was somewhat diminished after the performance of cardiac catheterization and revascularization was taken into account. Unadjusted mortality was high in this study group. CONCLUSIONS Women with acute myocardial infarction are less likely to have invasive cardiac procedures and have higher 3-year adjusted death rate up to age 70 than men.
EML4-ALK Fusion Is Linked to Histological Characteristics in a Subset of Lung Cancers
Authors: Kentaro Inamura, Kengo Takeuchi, Yuki Togashi, Kimie Nomura, Hironori Ninomiya, Michiyo Okui, Yukitoshi Satoh, Sakae Okumura, Ken Nakagawa, Manabu Soda, Young Lim Choi, Toshiro Niki, Hiroyuki Mano, Yuichi Ishikawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
On the BILBERRY (VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS) as a REMEDY in TYPHOID FEVER and other INFECTIOUS DISEASES of the INTESTINE
Authors: M. M. Bernstein
Journal: BMJ (1903)

1THxE late hour of the evening, and the short space of time allotted to each speaker in consequence, at the discussion at the Obstetrical Society on January 7th, prevented me from Saying what I had hoped to have said regarding the treat- ment of puerperal insanity proper in asylums, for, as a member of the Society observed, it is in asylums that by far the larger number of cases are treated.When the premonitory symptoms are observed, that is, -change of manner and feelings with excitability, extreme quietude of surroundings must be ensured, and careful ekilled supervision of patient enforced, to guard against infanticide or suicide by impulse.The bowels must be attended to, regular action being obtained by enemata and .andmild aperients.If there be early insomnia, a sedative draught of potassium bromide 3 ss and chloral hydrate gr.xv [must be given at night.The diet should be liberal And sustaining.For instrumental feeding a mixture of equal Varts milk and strong 'beef-tea, one pint in all at first, with -two or three eggs beaten up in it and a little brandy, if indi- *cated, administered thrice daily with oesophageal tube and funnel.Later on we feed twice a day with one pint and a-half -each time and -two eggs at each meal; lime juice or con-
The reasons why basic scientists study reperfusion arrhythmias
Authors: A S Manning
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article The reasons why basic scientists study reperfusion arrhythmias Get access A S Manning A S Manning Sanofi Research Centre, 1 avenue de Béjar, B-1120 Brussels, Belgium: Dr A S Manning. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 11, November 1993, Page 1907, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.11.1907 Published: 01 November 1993
Letter by Vos et al Regarding Article, “Statins for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women With Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein or Dyslipidemia: Results From the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) and Meta-Analysis of Women From Primary Prevention Trials”
Authors: Eddie Vos, Colin P. Rose, Pierre Biron
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Phl p 5 resorption in human oral mucosa leads to dose-dependent and time-dependent allergen binding by oral mucosal Langerhans cells, attenuates their maturation, and enhances their migratory and TGF-β1 and IL-10–producing properties
Authors: Jean-Pierre Allam, Peter A. Würtzen, Markus Reinartz, Jochen Winter, Susanne Vrtala, Kuan-Wei Chen, Rudolf Valenta, Matthias Wenghoefer, Thorsten Appel, Eva Gros, Bernd Niederhagen, Thomas Bieber, Kaare Lund, Natalija Novak
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
A Method of Treating Some Cases of Scanty Menstruation and of Amenorrh a
Authors: J. Braithwaite
Journal: BMJ (1887)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Developing rice varieties adapted to alternate wetting and drying water management is crucial for the sustainability of irrigated rice cropping systems. Here we report the first study exploring the feasibility of breeding rice for adaptation to alternate wetting and drying using genomic prediction methods that account for genotype by environment interactions. Two breeding populations (a reference panel of 284 accessions and a progeny population of 97 advanced lines) were evaluated under alternate wetting and drying and continuous flooding management systems. The accuracy of genomic prediction for response variables (index of relative performance and the slope of the joint regression) and for multi-environment genomic prediction models were compared. For the three traits considered (days to flowering, panicle weight and nitrogen-balance index), significant genotype by environment interactions were observed in both populations. In cross validation, prediction accuracy for the index was on average lower (0.31) than that of the slope of the joint regression (0.64) whatever the trait considered. Similar results were found for across population validation (progeny validation). Both cross-validation and progeny validation experiments showed that the performance of multi-environment models predicting unobserved phenotypes of untested entrees was similar to the performance of single environment models with differences in accuracy ranging from - 6% to 4% depending on the trait and on the statistical model concerned. The accuracy of multi-environment models predicting unobserved phenotypes of entrees evaluated under both water management systems outperformed single environment models by an average of 30%. Practical implications for breeding rice for adaptation to AWD are discussed.
Endoscopic injection therapy for post-sphincterotomy bleeding: single injection orad to the papilla versus double injection orad to and into the papilla
Authors: M. Matsushita, K. Uchida, K. Okazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

We read with interest the article by Katsinelos et al. [1] on a novel double injection technique for endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES)-induced bleeding. Based on our previous study [2] of successful single injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine (HSE) solution orad to the papilla for post-ES bleeding, they investigated the efficacy and safety of double injection of dextrose 50 % plus epinephrine (D50+E) solution orad to and into the papilla. The double injection technique achieved successful hemostasis in 18 of the 19 patients with post-ES bleeding. Unfortunately, bleeding was uncontrolled in one patient with two sessions of the double injection technique, and required surgery with lethal outcome. We believe that our single injection is superior to their double injection technique.
Informed consent in surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Ian A. Rowe, Matthew J. Armstrong, Richard Parker, Diarmaid D. Houlihan
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

We read with interest the work from Poustchi et al.1 and Trinchet et al.2 In the former study, informed patients wished to remain in surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), rather than participate in a randomized study assessing its efficacy, despite the lack of evidence supporting a survival benefit.1 The risks associated with HCC surveillance are not well documented and were not presented in the decision aid used in the Poustchi et al. study.1 These risks may be significant.3, 4 In prostate screening, where greater information on potential risks is available, the use of decision aids has led to decreased uptake of screening.5 Potential adverse events in patients participating in the study from Trinchet et al.2 were determined to aid a balanced discussion with patients. To illustrate the risk of adverse outcomes, we calculated the number of patients needed to harm (NNH) per year. Of 1,278 randomized patients without a focal lesion at baseline, 123 had a final diagnosis of HCC. This is represented as a number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one HCC per year of 42 per year. Because 75% (92 of 123) of these had potentially curable tumors, the NNS to detect one curable HCC is 56 per year. Importantly, a greater number (235) of randomized patients had a false-positive examination. Many of these will have had further investigations and, likely, psychological distress as a consequence. The NNH for false-positive examinations is 22 per year. A significant number of patients (31 of 123; 25.2%) diagnosed as having HCC had tumors that were potentially incurable (defined as exceeding the Milan criteria). This is an adverse event in the surveillance program, and the NNH for this event is 165 per year. The overall NNH for the HCC surveillance program (including only these adverse events) is 19 per year, more than twice as many patients as potentially benefit from diagnosis. This analysis indicates that there is the potential for harm in HCC surveillance programs. These risks must be communicated with patients to ensure that they give informed consent to participating in surveillance, especially because the survival benefit of participating is unclear. Further studies of potential harms in HCC surveillance are required to inform the debate regarding the utility of surveillance. The questions regarding both benefit and harms of surveillance remain best addressed as part of a randomized, controlled trial. Ian A. Rowe B.Sc. M.B.Ch.B. M.R.C.P.(UK)* , Matthew J. Armstrong M.B.Ch.B. (Hons), B.Sc. (Hons), M.C.R.P. , Richard Parker M.B.Ch.B., M.R.C.P.(UK) , Diarmaid D. Houlihan M.B., B.Sc. , * Hepatitis C Virus Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, Center for Liver Research and NHR Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.