tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
No linkage and association of atopy to chromosome 16 including the interleukin‐4 receptor gene
Authors: A. Haagerup, T. Bjerke, P. O. Schiøtz, R. Dahl, H. G. Binderup, T. A. Kruse
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Several susceptibility genes for atopy have been suggested in recent years. Few have been investigated as intensively as the interleukin‐4‐receptor α (IL4Rα) gene on chromosome 16. The results remain in dispute. Therefore, in a robust design, we tested for association of type I allergy to the IL4R variations I50V and Q576R, and investigated chromosome 16 for atopy candidate regions in general. Methods: We identified 100 Danish allergy sib‐pair families. Five conservative phenotypes for type I allergy were defined and evaluated. The IL4R variations were genotyped in trios and evaluated by the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). Multipoint linkage analysis and exclusion mapping were conducted with sib‐pairs analyzed for 17 microsatellite markers. Results: No evidence for association or linkage to the IL4R polymorphisms was found ( P values: 0.12–0.90). Linkage analysis did not support linkage of any of the phenotypes to chromosome 16. Major parts of chromosome 16 were excluded as candidate regions harboring oligogenes for type I allergy. Conclusions: We found chromosome 16 unlikely to harbor strong candidate genes for type I allergy. The role of the IL4Rα gene in the inheritance of atopy was insignificant in the Danish population. The use of conservative allergy phenotypes in the search for genes predisposing to atopic disease was discussed.
Does atrial electrical function in patients with atrial flutter recover?
Authors: Fumiharu Miura, Hidekazu Hirao, Sou Takenaka, Yukiko Nakano, Kentaro Ueda, Kenya Sakai, Keiji Matsuda, Yukihiro Fukuda, Hiroki Teragawa, Togo Yamagata, Hideo Matsuura, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 119: MiR-1 downregulation plays a critical role in thyroid cell proliferation
Authors: Vincenza Leone, Daniela D'angelo, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Angelo Ferraro
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract MiR-1 downregulation plays a critical role in thyroid cell proliferation V. Leone, D. D'Angelo, PL. Pallante, A. Ferraro. Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy. MicroRNAs have emerged as an important class of short endogenous RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and their expression is constantly deregulated in human cancer. MiR-1 has been found downregulated in lung, colon and prostate cancer. The aim of our work has been to investigate the possible role of miR-1 in thyroid carcinogenesis. Therefore, we have analysed miR-1 expression in a panel of thyroid neoplasias including benign and malignant lesions. Our results show that miR-1 expression is drastically downregulated in thyroid adenomas and carcinomas in comparison with normal thyroid tissue. Interestingly, miR-1 downregulation was also found in thyroid hyperproliferative non neoplastic lesions such as goiters. These results suggested a general role of miR-1 downregulation in the control of thyroid cell proliferation. This suggestion was then confirmed by the drastic decrease in miR-1 expression following exposure of rat thyroid cells to thyrotropin (TSH), the physiological thyroid stimulator. Searching for miR-1 targets, we identified CREB1 transcriptional factor, that is the main effector of the TSH-induced thyroid cell growth, as miR-1 target, suggesting the presence of a regulatory synergistic loop including TSH, CREB1 and the miR-1. Moreover, we have demonstrated that also the CXCR4 protein and its ligand SDF1α, that are involved in cell migration and are constantly overexpressed in human thyroid carcinoma, are targets of miR-1. Functional studies demonstrate that miR-1 is able to inhibit thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and migration validating a critical role of miR-1 downregulation in thyroid carcinogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 119. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-119
OP0209-HPR Less Pain and Activity Limitations in Today's Early RA Patients Compared with Patients Diagnosed 10 Years Earlier (The Swedish Tira-Project)
Authors: I. Ahlstrand, I. Thyberg, T. Falkmer, M. Björk
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Over the last decades the RA-treatment strategies have changed considerably. Routines for early RA diagnosis and instituted disease modifying anti rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have been established. In the early 2000s biologic agents also became available for treatment purposes. Despite these altered and improved strategies RA patients continue to report pain and activity limitations; women more so than men. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study differences regarding pain and activity limitations during the first three years after diagnosis of RA in today9s patients compared with patients diagnosed 10 years earlier from a gender perspective. <h3>Methods</h3> This study was based on patients recruited to the project "early interventions in RA" (TIRA). In the first cohort (TIRA-1) 320 patients were included during 1996-1998. In the second cohort (TIRA-2) 463 patients were included during 2006-2008. Disease activity score 28 joint count (DAS-28) and medication were registered. Pain intensity (VAS), bodily pain (BP) in Short Form36 (SF-36) and activity limitation (Health Assessment Questionnaire, HAQ) were reported at inclusion and at follow-ups after one, two and three years. <h3>Results</h3> Disease activity did not differ between cohorts at inclusion, but was significant lower at the follow ups in the TIRA-2 cohort compared with the TIRA-1 cohort. Patients in TIRA2 were prescribed traditional DMARD:s and biologic agents more frequent than in TIRA-1. The TIRA-2 patients reported significantly higher pain intensity and activity limitations at inclusion but lower pain intensity and activity limitations at all follow-ups than TIRA-1 patients. There were no significant differences between cohorts regarding bodily pain at inclusion, but thereafter the TIRA-2 patients showed significant lower bodily pain than the TIRA-1 patients. Men reported lower activity limitation than women in TIRA-1; otherwise there were no gender differences in TIRA-1. In TIRA-2, there were no significant gender differences regarding pain at inclusion. However, men reported lower pain than women at all follow-ups. Women, in turn, reported significantly higher activity limitations at all time points in TIRA-2. Pain and activity limitations were significantly reduced from inclusion to the one year follow-up but remained stable thereafter. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Both women and men in today9s early RA patient cohort report lower pain and less activity limitations at the follow ups after diagnosis of RA compared to 10 years earlier. However, both activity limitations and bodily pain are still pronounced. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3298
The Nature and Treatment of Puerperal Infection
Authors: T. E. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1900)

Description of Parts Removed.The photograph on p. 77 shows the parts removed.The foetus, a male, measures 8 ins.long and weighs 42 Ozs.The umbilical cord is 9g ins.long, the placenta and sac weigh s-ozs.The period of gestation may be estimated at about
Abstract 4635: Development of monoclonal antibodies against the GPCR CXCR4 and the ion channel Hv1 using virus-like particles
Authors: Joseph Rucker, Riley Payne, Manu Mabila, Sonal Patel, Moniquetta Hall, Sharon Willis, Benjamin J. Doranz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Antibodies against cancer targets are routinely used for facilitating early detection of disease, for diagnosing and predicting disease severity, and for guiding and monitoring therapeutic treatment. Ten of the 11 FDA-approved cancer therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) target membrane proteins, and membrane proteins comprise &amp;gt;30% of existing cancer biomarkers. MAbs that recognize conformation-dependent epitopes on membrane proteins are usually the most valuable type of antibody because they can bind to critical structures of the receptor that can be exploited for its detection or inhibition. However, the development of conformational MAbs against membrane proteins is especially challenging because these proteins require a lipid environment to maintain their native structure, can be difficult to purify, and are usually poorly represented by peptide immunogens. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a novel technology, the ‘Lipoparticle’, which incorporates high concentrations (10-100 fold greater than cells or membrane preparations) of properly folded and oriented membrane proteins onto the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs). Here, we have used Lipoparticles as immunogens to generate monoclonal antibodies against two important membrane protein targets: the GPCR CXCR4, associated with tumor metastasis, and the ion channel Hv1, implicated in B cell activation. Lipoparticles containing each target were used to immunize mice, eliciting sera with strong and specific immunoreactivity. Screening of &amp;gt;900 hybridomas using Lipoparticles resulted in the identification of CXCR4-specific MAbs validated for reactivity against surface expressed antigen by immunofluorescence. Epitope mapping and functional studies demonstrate that each MAb binds a conformational-dependent epitope on the second extracellular loop capable of inhibiting ligand-dependent signaling in vitro. Similar studies are currently ongoing to isolate MAbs against the Hv1 ion channel, with strong sera responses against Hv1 detected in immunized mice. Our data highlight the utility of Lipoparticles for generating MAbs and screening hybridomas to isolate antibodies against challenging cancer membrane protein targets. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4635. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4635
Evaluation of Three Rubella Vaccines in Adult Women
Authors: Scott B. Halstead
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A currently licensed rubella vaccine, HPV 77, produces arthralgia at high frequency in adult women. Thirty-nine susceptible adult women, ages 18 to 37 years, were inoculated with Cendehill, Benoit B, and Benoit C rubella vaccine strains and evaluated clinically and serologically. Benoit B produced rubellalike disease including polyarthralgia in five of seven women which, in one case, was of five months' duration. The postvaccination course of Benoit C vaccine was benign in all 11 subjects; only two of 28 Cendehill vaccinees had mild, transient arthralgia. Postvaccination hemagglutination-inhibition antibody to levels greater than 1:10 developed in all susceptible subjects. Benoit B vaccinees had the highest titers, Cendehill, intermediate values, while Benoit C titers were rather low. Cendehill and perhaps Benoit C strains appear to be immunogenic and clinically acceptable in adult women.
Atypical Response to Nortriptyline
Authors: J. C. N. Tibbits, P. S. Ireland
Journal: BMJ (1964)

BJORNAL 1593 only one survivor has been reported from haemorrhage into the peritoneal cavity.Several surgical operations have been tried for this condition,3 such as excision of the aneurysm followed either by end-to-end suture of the hepatic artery or by anastomosis of the proximal end of the splenic artery (after splenectomy) with the distal end of the hepatic artery.We are grateful to Mr. J.
Sex Determination: Diagnostic Methods
Authors: W. M. Davidson
Journal: BMJ (1960)

In the early years of this century the entomologists McClung (1902) and Stevens (1905) recognized differences between the cells of the male and female of certain insects.During mitoses the female had either an additional or a larger chromosome than the male.This was relatively easy with chromosomes in small numbers, but their work has led the way to investigation of the more complicated chromosomal structure in the higher animals, including man.Quite early it was shown that when arranged in order of size the chromo- somes fell into a series of pairs, and Painter (1924) settled what had been a 10-year argument by showing conclusively that in man the female was distinguished by the presence of a pair of like, XX, chromosomes, while the male had an unlike, XY, pair, the Y chromo- some being much smaller than the X.This arrangement is not universal.Although pre$ent in the mammals there are species of animals in which a chromosome is missing in the male, and even some, including the birds, where the difference is reversed, so that the males have the two X chromosomes.Geitler (1937) made a further contribution to the study of sex by showing that in the water-skater, Gerris lateralis, the extra chromosomal material in the female sex chromosomes could still be detected after the cells had passed into the resting phase by the more intense staining of the nuclei.The observation that there was extra, deep-staining heterochromatin in the nuclei in the female was confirmed in the fruit-fly, Drosophila melanogaster, by Caspersson and Schultz (1940), using an elegant absorption-spectra technique, and in 1952 Hyden was able to apply similar methods to rabbit cells.
Hemosuccus pancreaticus after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of a pancreatic cyst
Authors: R. Keswani
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 71-year-old woman presented for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation of a cystic lesion in the pancreas tail, which had been found on cross-sectional imaging during work-up of unintended weight loss. A 4.7 × 4.5 cm anechoic, septated macrocystic lesion was seen in the pancreas tail with a central calcification ([Fig. 1]). The remainder of the pancreas examination was normal. An avascular pathway was chosen and a 19-gauge needle was advanced into a large cystic component for fine needle aspiration (FNA). A frankly bloody aspirate was seen. Repeat EUS-FNA of a separate component of the cyst yielded slightly viscous, clear, nonbloody fluid, which was sent for analysis. The echoendoscope was then readvanced into the second portion of duodenum, demonstrating fresh blood emanating from the papilla ([Fig. 2]). With the echoendoscope in the second portion of the duodenum, endosonographic evaluation of the pancreatic duct revealed a hyperechoic filling defect consistent with blood ([Fig. 3]). The patient was admitted overnight for observation after developing mild, self-resolving pancreatitis, but she did not need further therapy. Histologic examination of the surgically resected cyst demonstrated a benign serous cystadenoma.
How about hypochondriacs?
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Physicians should realize that hypochondriacs really are sick, says a Los Angeles psychiatrist who suggests encouraging these patients to try to master one symptom at a time. "Pain is no less painful if its cause is imaginary," says Warren R. Procci, MD, assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral science, University of Southern California (USC). "In fact," he says, "hypochondriasis can be more agonizing than diseases with physical causes" because it is disruptive and seemingly hopeless. The cause of hypochondriasis is not known, Procci admits. "All we know is that it can strike anyone... although it does seem to get more prevalent as people get older and more conscious of their bodily functions. Moreover, the condition is beyond the patient's conscious control, unlike the manipulative behavior we call 'malingering.' " Procci, who also is director, psychiatric consultation service, Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, notes that hypochondriacs are at risk "of talking themselves
Efficacy of different regimens of interferon alfa-2b treatment in chronic hepatitis C.
Authors: C De Bac, F Grimaldi, C Clementi, F Duca, D Livoli, G Taliani
Journal: Gut (1993)

Four different dosage regimens of interferon (IFN) alfa-2b (3 million units (MU) three times weekly for three months, 3 MU three times weekly for six months, 6 MU two times weekly for six months, and 6 MU three times weekly for six months) were compared in patients with chronic hepatitis C. There was no significant difference measured by percentage of responders to treatment between the four groups, but the degree of response was inversely correlated with the severity of liver damage. Viraemia was undetectable in most (75%) of responders treated with interferon and also in 20% of those who did not respond to treatment.
The Economic Impact of a Primary Care Clinic-Reply
Authors: Ronald Schneeweiss
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The issue raised by Dr Kolodzik is most appropriate and we appreciate the opportunity to respond. Indeed, the actual revenues derived from billings are dependent on the patient's insurance coverage, or lack thereof. The declining reimbursement levels for government-sponsored insurance programs, especially Medicaid, certainly affect the collection rate. At the time of the study, the overall collection rates, including contractual allowances, for hospital charges and professional fees were 86% and 60%, respectively. The issue of reimbursement notwithstanding, the article points out that a family practice (primary care) clinic can provide medical care at relatively lower cost and at the same time be a source of patients and revenues for the sponsoring hospital and its subspecialty consultants. In other words, it illustrates in concrete terms the value of a primary care referral base.
Reversal of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Robert Fagard
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their meta-analysis on the reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension, Dr Schmieder and colleagues<sup>1</sup>identified 471 references that reported results on regression of left ventricular mass with antihypertensive drugs. They then applied strict selection criteria and only the results of 39 clinical trials with a doubleblind, randomized, controlled, parallel-group design were retained. The authors are to be congratulated for the important and meticulous work they have done. However, I was somewhat surprised by the subsequent statistical analysis of the data. Whereas the individual studies were designed as comparative studies, the authors used each treatment arm of these selected trials as a separate observation and, therefore, gave up the major advantage of the original design. In my view, a more appropriate analysis would have been not only to calculate the changes within each treatment arm, but also to analyze the differences between the changes
Cohort study of hepatotoxicity associated with nimesulide and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: G. Traversa
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Macroscopic mucosal healing is an established therapeutic target in ulcerative colitis (UC) and can be objectively measured using endoscopic indices. The Mayo Endoscopic Sub-score (MES) and UC Endoscopic Index Score (UCEIS) are validated scores that can guide clinical decision making and prognostication. This multi-centre study aimed to assess the use of these indices in the endoscopic assessment of UC and whether an intervention bundle impacts reporting quality. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed 1160 endoscopy reports for UC patients across 7 London centres (April-October 2019), evaluating the use of 10 reporting elements recommended by the <i>Building Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Globally</i> (BRIDGe) group. In addition to the MES (recommended by BRIDGe), we included the UCEIS as an alternative index. We segregated endoscopists according to specialty, level of training and interest in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compared the number of BRIDGe elements in reports between groups. We then implemented an intervention bundle at a single centre and compared index use pre- and post-intervention. The bundle included integrating a proforma into reporting software, training on endoscopic indices (online and face-to-face) and posters in endoscopy suites. Statistics: Chi squared for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U for continuous variables. <h3>Results</h3> The use of endoscopic indices was higher in centres with a pre-existing reporting proforma compared to centres without (77.7% (202/260) vs 44.4% (400/900), p&lt;0.0001), and after implementing an intervention bundle at a single centre (110/190 (57.9%) pre-intervention vs 117/168 (69.6%) post-intervention, p=0.03). Both the proforma and bundle improved BRIDGe scores (7/10 vs 5/10, p&lt;0.0001 and 6/10 vs 5/10, p&lt;0.0001, respectively) (figure 1). Endoscopic indices were used more frequently by gastroenterologists compared to other specialists (544/1002 (54.3%) vs 58/158 (36.7%), p&lt;0.0001), non-consultants relative to consultants (272/455 (59.8%) vs 330/705 (46.8%), p&lt;0.0001) and clinicians with an interest in IBD (282/477 (59.1%) vs 320/683 (46.9%), p&lt;0.0001). When comparing non-consultants to consultants with an interest in IBD, use of endoscopic indices was more comparable (272/455 (59.8%) vs 189/357 (52.9%) ns). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Implementing a UC reporting proforma as part of an intervention bundle results in quality improvement in endoscopic reporting. Our results also support running dedicated lists for UC assessment, carried out by gastroenterologists with an interest in IBD. High quality reporting achieved by implementing this strategy may translate to improved clinical decision making and patient outcomes.