tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A creationist myth: Pragmatic combination not feature creation
Authors: Nick Braisby, Bradley Franks
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Schyns et al. argue that flexibility in categorisation implies “feature creation.” We argue that this notion is flawed, that flexibility can be explained by combinations over fixed feature sets, and that feature creation would in any case fail to explain categorisation. We suggest that flexibility in categorisation is due to pragmatic factors influencing feature combination, rendering feature creation unnecessary.
Improving access to analgesic drugs for patients with cancer in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Megan O'Brien, Faith Mwangi-Powell, Isaac F Adewole, Olaitan Soyannwo, Jacinto Amandua, Elizabeth Ogaja, Mary Okpeseyi, Zipporah Ali, Rose Kiwanuka, Anne Merriman
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
Pay-for-Performance and Accountability
Authors: Christine K. Cassel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters5 June 2007Pay-for-Performance and AccountabilityChristine K. Cassel, MDChristine K. Cassel, MDFrom the American Board of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19106.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) is pleased that the Kimball lecture given at the 2005 ABIM Foundation Forum was published. It is an annual lecture (1) in honor of Harry Kimball (not “Harvey,” as originally stated in the article), the Chief Executive Officer of ABIM and ABIM Foundation from 1990 to 2003.It is also important to point out that Rowe is incorrect in his statement that the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program does not measure quality frequently enough to be relevant to pay-for-performance programs. To the contrary, several major regional and national health plans ...References1. Rowe JW. Pay-for-performance and accountability: related themes in improving health care. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:695-9. [PMID: 17088584] LinkGoogle Scholar2. American Board of Internal Medicine. Health insurers work with American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) to reduce physician quality data reporting burden [press release]. 28 June 2006. Philadelphia: American Board of Internal Medicine; 2006. Accessed at www.abim.org/pressroom/pres_release/06_06_28_burden.shtm on 6 November 2006. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Christine K. Cassel, MDAffiliations: From the American Board of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19106.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPay-for-Performance and Accountability: Related Themes in Improving Health Care John W. Rowe Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Christine A. Sinsky Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Mahesh Krishnamurthy Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Marcy Zwelling Pay-for-Performance and Accountability John W. Rowe Metrics 5 June 2007Volume 146, Issue 11Page: 822-823KeywordsConflicts of interestDatabasesMotivation ePublished: 5 June 2007 Issue Published: 5 June 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Polymorphisms In IL10, TGFB, TLR4, TLR8 and ADBR2 Genes Resulted Associated To Asthma In Brazilian Family Trio Study
Authors: Isabel Ruguê Genov, Angela Falcai, Lucila Camargo, Marcia Mallozi, Virginia Ferriani, Alessandra Pontillo, Antonio Condino-Neto, Dirceu Sole
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
ON CERTAIN SUBJECTIVE VISUAL SENSATIONS.
Authors: ALEX. W. STIRLING
Journal: JAMA (1896)

I recently received from a committee of the Ophthalmological Society of Great Britain a request, tendered no doubt to all its members, for such observations on the visual sensations of epilepsy or migraine as I might be willing to record from my experience or practice. Interest in this matter had been specially developed by a lecture delivered before that society by Dr. W. R. Gowers, in which he had demonstrated the importance of these symptoms, not only in relation to the possible light which they may throw upon the true nature of these diseases, but also in connection with the anatomy and physiology of the still imperfectly understood centers for vision. Fortunately for me, I am unable to record any personal experiences of those maladies which are most desired by the society, but I am able to describe them as related by a number of my patients. This will serve
Evaluation of Itching Alleviating Strategies after Skin Testing: Single Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Study
Authors: S.M. Stewart, E. Yousef, S. Strader, S.J. McGeady, J. Boscher, J. Hossain, A. Haque, D. Schuster, K. Gorny
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
2′-Deoxycoformycin (Pentostatin) for Lymphoid Malignancies
Authors: PETER J. O'DWYER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

A new antimetabolite, 2′-deoxycoformycin (pentostatin), has striking antitumor activity in several lymphoid neoplasms. Isolated from cultured soil organisms, this purine analogue is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA), and is thus selectively toxic to lymphocytes. Early clinical trials showed that high doses of pentostatin caused severe and unpredictable toxicity, but responses in refractory lymphoid malignancies were encouraging. Careful pharmacologic studies led to the definition of a safe and effective low weekly dose, at which protracted ADA inhibition occurs in neoplastic cells. The most sensitive tumor identified is hairy cell leukemia, in which durable remissions are achieved in more than 90% of patients with a relatively brief course of treatment. Other responsive diseases include chronic lymphocytic leukemia, prolymphocytic leukemia, mycosis fungoides, and acute T-cell lymphoma or leukemia. Response has been seen in acute lymphocytic leukemia, but the higher doses required are substantially more toxic. Pentostatin is valuable for treatment of indolent lymphoid malignancies and may be useful in non-cancer-related lymphocyte research.
TCT-704 Short and Long Term Clinical Outcomes of Left Main Treatment with a Latest Generation Drug Eluting Stent
Authors: Bernard Chevalier, Christian Dina, Stefan Hoffmann, Nikola Jagic, Yu Jiangtao, René Koning, Ran Kornowski, Peep Laanmets, Zoran Perisic, Teguh Santoso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Complete reconstitution of human lymphocytes from cord blood CD34+ cells using the NOD/SCID/γcnull mice model
Authors: Hidefumi Hiramatsu, Ryuta Nishikomori, Toshio Heike, Mamoru Ito, Kimio Kobayashi, Kenji Katamura, Tatsutoshi Nakahata
Journal: Blood (2003)
γ9 and δ2CDR3 domains regulate functional avidity of T cells harboring γ9δ2TCRs
Authors: Cordula Gründer, Suzanne van Dorp, Samantha Hol, Esther Drent, Trudy Straetemans, Sabine Heijhuurs, Kirsten Scholten, Wouter Scheper, Zsolt Sebestyen, Anton Martens, Roland Strong, Jürgen Kuball
Journal: Blood (2012)
Conservative treatment of nonresolving pneumoperitoneum after endoscopic procedures, by computed tomography (CT)-guided needle decompression
Authors: S. Patel, G. Chang, R. Messersmith, K. Chi
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

An 83-year-old man presented for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation of a gastric nodule with high grade dysplasia. The patient opted to undergo endoscopic resection of the lesion.
Postmarketing surveillance of enalapril. II: Investigation of the potential role of enalapril in deaths with renal failure.
Authors: C. J. Speirs, C. T. Dollery, W. H. Inman, N. S. Rawson, L. V. Wilton
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The possibility that enalapril might damage renal function was investigated in 1098 deaths recorded in a prescription-event monitoring study. Case notes for 913 patients were examined. In seventy five there was a rise in the urea or creatinine concentration of 50% or more above pretreatment values. Enalapril appeared to have contributed to a decline in renal function and subsequent death in 10 of these patients. Several characteristics were identified among these patients, including old age, the use of high dose or potassium sparing diuretics, and pre-existing renal disease. Adding a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug was also associated with a deterioration in patients with previously stable renal function. No death was encountered of a patient with uncomplicated hypertension. Enalapril infrequently contributed to a substantial decline in renal function in certain vulnerable patients, especially those receiving other drugs known to be capable of adversely affecting renal function. Awareness of the characteristics of these patients and of their concomitant treatment may serve to reduce the risk.
Fibrosis: ultimate and proximate causes
Authors: Victor J. Thannickal, Yong Zhou, Amit Gaggar, Steven R. Duncan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Fibrotic disorders account for an increasing burden of disease-associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although numerous risk factors have been recognized, the etiologies of many of these clinical syndromes have not been identified, and they are often termed idiopathic or cryptogenic. Here, we provide an evolutionary perspective on fibrosis aimed at elucidating its etiopathogenesis. By asking the ultimate question of "why" this process evolved in multicellular organisms, we hope to uncover proximate explanations for "how" it causes disease in humans. We posit that physiological fibrosis-like reactions evolved as an essential process in host defense against pathogens and in normal wound healing. Based on this premise, we reason that pathological fibrosis is related to one or more of the following: unidentified infectious or noninfectious antigens, autoimmunity, impaired regenerative responses, and the antagonistically pleiotropic action of genes involved in wound healing or development. The importance of genetic susceptibility, epigenetics, aging, and the modern-day environment are highlighted. Consideration of both ultimate and proximate causation goes beyond philosophical cogitations, as it will better inform pathobiological mechanisms of disease and aid in the prevention and treatment of fibrotic diseases.
CHRONIC STREPTOCOCCUS ARTHRITIS
Authors: DAVID J. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The relation of streptococci to arthritis is a very broad one. The highly acute purulent inflammation of joints which may be simply part of a general streptococcus pyemia or septicemia is well known and fairly well understood. It occurs in connection with severe streptococcus infections, such as puerperal fever, infected wounds, erysipelas and common infectious diseases. Of the latter I shall mention especially septic sore throat as it has been observed by Capps and others in connection with milk-borne epidemics. In all of these there is a tendency, at times not very marked, but at other times striking indeed, for the streptococci to produce arthritis. The tendency on the part of streptococci to localize in joints of experimental animals seems to concern the several varieties, though to an unequal extent. The common hemolytic streptococci and the<i>Streptococcus mucosus</i>readily attack joint cavities; the<i>Streptococcus viridans</i>, on the other hand, rarely
The pAS vector system and its application to heterologous gene expression in escherichia coli
Authors: Allan R. Shatzman, Martin Rosenberg
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

There are numerous proteins of biological interest which cannot be obtained from natural sources in quantities sufficient for detailed biochemical and physical analysis. The limited bioavailability of these molecules has made it impossible to consider their potential utilization as either pharmacological agents and/or targets. One solution to this problem has been the development of recombinant vector systems which are designed to achieve efficient expression of cloned genes in a variety of biological systems. This paper will describe the development and application of a particular set of vectors which have been designed to achieve efficient expression of essentially any gene coding sequence in Escherichia coli. The system utilizes efficient phage-derived transcriptional and translational regulatory signals and provides a strong regulatable promoter, an antitermination mechanism to ensure efficient transcription across any gene insert, high stability and, when appropriate, efficient translation initiation information. In addition, a wide variety of host strains have been developed in order to help control, stabilize and maximize expression of various cloned genes. The system has now been used to express efficiently more than 75 different prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene products. The application of this system to the expression and characterization of several oncogene products will be described.
687 PROGNOSIS OF RUPTURED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: IMPACT ON TUMOR STAGING SYSTEM BASED ON A NATIONWIDE SURVEY
Authors: T. Aoki, N. Kokudo, Y. Matsuyama, N. Izumi, T. Ichida, M. Kudo, Y. Ku, M. Sakamoto, O. Nakashima, O. Matsui, M. Makuuchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Diseases of the Veins
Authors: Joshua A. Beckman
Journal: Circulation (2002)

hree sets of vessels comprise the circulatory system: arteries, lymphatics, and veins.Arteries bring oxygencarrying blood from the heart to the tissues.In the normal course of blood circulation, small amounts of fluid and protein leak from arteries and veins.Lymphatic vessels bring this protein-rich fluid back into the circulation.The third type of blood vessel is the vein.Veins bring oxygen-depleted blood from the organs and tissues to the heart and lungs, where it is re-oxygenated.Blood return to the heart tends to be passive and is enabled by muscle contraction in the arms and legs.Because the venous system is a low pressure one, the telltale complaints and physical signs of venous disease on which your physician relies for diagnosis are often subtle and sometimes require further testing.Diseases of the veins fall into two broad categories: blockage from a blood clot (thrombosis) and inadequate venous drainage (insufficiency).
The Solitary Thyroid Nodule-Reply
Authors: Martin Rothschild
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In Reply.—  There is no best way to ascertain clinically which solitary cold thyroid nodule is malignant. Mature judgment will lead to one or a combination of diagnostic tools. Our publication assessed prospectively the value in predicting cancer of the two following approaches that are commonly used and about which there are little hard data: (1) factors derived from the history and physical examination that are immediately available to the average primary physician without a consultant, and (2) the response to three months of suppressive therapy.  Three fourths of our cancers came from the high-risk group, and in these patients neither suppressive therapy nor needle biopsy was needed to make an accurate diagnosis. Since 50% of this group had carcinoma and 30% adenoma, it is clear from our results that when there are high-risk factors a negative needle biopsy result should not deter surgery. The majority of the patients, those
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Incense of a New Church&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased plasma thioredoxin levels in patients with sepsis: positive association with macrophage migration inhibitory factor
Authors: Susannah K. Leaver, Niall S. MacCallum, Vasisht Pingle, Matthew B. Hacking, Gregory J. Quinlan, Timothy W. Evans, Anne Burke-Gaffney
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)

To establish the relationship between plasma levels of thioredoxin (Trx) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in systemic inflammatory stress syndrome (SIRS)/sepsis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of Trx, MIF, IL-6, -8, and -10 and enzyme-linked fluorescent assay determination of procalcitonin (PCT) in plasma from patients with SIRS/sepsis, neutropenic sepsis, healthy volunteers and pre-oesophagectomy patients.Thioredoxin was significantly higher in SIRS/sepsis patients [101.3 ng ml(-1), interquartile range (IQR) 68.7-155.6, n = 32] compared with that in healthy controls (49.5 ng ml(-1), IQR 31.4-71.1, P < 0.001, n = 17) or pre-oesophagectomy patients (40.5 ng ml(-1), IQR 36.9-63.2, P < 0.01, n = 7), but was not raised in neutropenics (n = 5). MIF levels were also significantly higher in SIRS/sepsis patients (12.1 ng ml(-1), IQR 9.5-15.5, n = 35), but not in the neutropenic group, when compared with healthy controls (9.3 ng ml(-1), IQR 7.3-10.7, P < 0.01, n = 20). Trx levels correlated, positively, with MIF levels and APACHE II scores. Plasma levels of IL-6, -8 and -10 and PCT increased significantly in patients with SIRS/sepsis (P < 0.001) and with neutropenic sepsis, but did not correlate with Trx or MIF levels.Plasma levels of Trx, MIF, IL-6, -8, -10 and PCT were raised in patients with SIRS/sepsis. Comparisons between mediators suggest a unique correlation of Trx with MIF. Moreover, Trx and MIF differed from cytokines and PCT in that levels were significantly lower in patients with neutropenia compared with the main SIRS/sepsis group. By contrast, IL-8 and PCT levels were significantly greater in the neutropenic patient group. The link between MIF and Trx highlighted in this study has implications for future investigations into the pathogenesis of SIRS/sepsis.
Help the Aged accuses NHS of discrimination
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Half (51%) of the United Kingdom's population believes that older people are being treated as if they are on the scrapheap, a survey by Help the Aged and National Opinion Poll has found.

The survey results come as the charity, in partnership with British Gas, launched its “Scrap It” campaign to expose and challenge age discrimination.

Help the Aged has also produced a report highlighting the age discrimination that older people face in the public services, including the NHS. …
Coronary Artery Disease in Younger Men
Authors: William F. Enos
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We think that the incidence of coronary arteriosclerosis as reported in casualties of the Vietnam war by McNamara and his colleagues (<b>216</b>:1185, 1971) as compared to earlier reports from our studies of casualties from the Korean conflict (<b>158</b>:912, 1955) probably reflects a meaningful downward trend. The most recent study utilized postmortem coronary angiography and dissection of coronary arteries in order to demonstrate atherosclerotic plaques and coronary artery narrowing. The earlier study was accomplished solely through the routine anatomical cross-sectioning and longitudinal dissection of the coronary vessels. Both methods of study are reliable but include certain unavoidable artifacts inherent to the postmortem state of the heart. Coronary arteries from Korean conflict battle casualties have been studied by the cross-section and longitudinal methods (Fig 1 through 3). These illustrations have not been in eluded in any of our previous reports. The degree of luminal narrowing is extensive
STUDIES ON MENINGOCOCCUS INFECTION
Authors: Geoffrey Rake, Henry W. Scherp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

Two group-specific substances, one a polysaccharide and the other a protein, have been isolated from the meningococcus and their serological properties are described. A discussion of these substances, together with the type-specific fraction, is given, and a relationship of these substances to certain serological phenomena is suggested.
Nitric Oxide Synthesis by Cultured Endothelial Cells Is Modulated by Flow Conditions
Authors: Marina Noris, Marina Morigi, Roberta Donadelli, Sistiana Aiello, Marco Foppolo, Marta Todeschini, Silvia Orisio, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Andrea Remuzzi
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that dynamic characteristics of flow modulate the production of vasoactive mediators, namely nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cells were exposed for 6 hours in a cone-and-plate apparatus to different types of flow: steady laminar, with shear stresses of 2, 8, and 12 dyne/cm 2 ; pulsatile laminar, with shear stress from 8.2 to 16.6 dyne/cm 2 and a frequency of 2 Hz; periodic laminar, with square wave cycles of 15 minutes and shear stress from 2 to 8 dyne/cm 2 ; and turbulent, with shear stress of 8 dyne/cm 2 on average. A second culture dish was kept in a normal incubator as a static control for each experiment. Laminar flow induced synthesis of NO by HUVECs that was dependent on shear-stress magnitude. Laminar shear stress at 8 dyne/cm 2 also upregulated the level of NO synthase mRNA. As observed with steady laminar flow, pulsatile flow also induced an increase in NO release by endothelial cells. When HUVECs were subjected to step-change increases of laminar shear, a further increase of NO synthesis was observed, compared with steady laminar shear of the same magnitude. Turbulent flow did not upregulate NO synthase mRNA or increase NO release. Both laminar and turbulent shear stress reduced, although not significantly, ET-1 mRNA and ET-1 production compared with the static condition. These results indicate that local blood flow conditions modulate the production of vasoactive substances by endothelial cells. This may affect vascular cell functions such as nonthrombogenicity, regulation of blood flow, and vascular tone.