tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anti-CD44 antibodies decrease airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of allergic disease
Authors: K Ryanna
Journal: Thorax (2003)

▴ Katoh S, Matsumoto N, Kawakita K, et al . A role for CD44 in an antigen-induced murine model of pulmonary eosinophilia. J Clin Invest2003;111:1563–70 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] This study investigates the effects of anti-CD44 murine antibodies on allergic airway inflammation induced by transnasal instillation of purified Ascaris suum (Asc) antigen. Two antibodies were used—one that directly blocks hyaluronic acid binding to cells expressing CD44, and one … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJ%2BClin%2BInvest%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1172%252FJCI200316583%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12750406%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1172/JCI200316583&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12750406&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F58%2F8%2F679.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000182976400017&link_type=ISI
A Lecture ON LEPROSY: A NEW VIEW OF ITS BACTERIOLOGY AND TREATMENT: Delivered at the London School of Tropical Medicine
Authors: T. S. B. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1911)

I would especially refer those interested in thi6 group of organisms to the Milroy Lectures of 1910 by Mr. Foulerton of the Middlesex Hospital, whiclh give a most interestinig and clear account of this group of organisms, based on original researches extending over many years.The following description of the Streptotricheae is taken from those lectures:The typical life-history of a streptothrix.may be said to consist of;1. Branichin-g mycelium.2. Isolated rod segments.3. Splherical spores.Development may be studied in one of the quickly glowilng saprophytic species.One starts witlh the spore; from this two or three threads sprout and elongate, so that at an early stage of development one has a typical ray fUngUs consistinig of tlhree mycelial threads, usually of unequal lengthl, and( radiating out from the position occupied by the cenitral spore.From these })rimary threads lateral branches in turn sprout out, an-d soon there is (leveloped a densely tangled mass of mycelium representing the fully developed stage of the organism.Trle niext stage is transverse segmentation.The branchinfg myceliuim, whlich hitherto has been apparenltly homogenieous in strlucture thlroughout its length, now preseints trallsverse segments produced by an obvious process of degeneration exteniding across the mnycelium.Followvin, this is a stage of fragmelntationi.The degenerated portiolns of mnycehium.disappear, and a coniglomerationi of separate rod segments represents the original svstem of branch- lug mycelium.Generally speaking, these rods are morphologicaliv idenitical wvith bacilli, except that here anid there a rod vith the remains of a lateral branclh attached to it may be seen.Withi, or sooni after, the occurrence of segmentation a special kind of spore formation may be observed.In a tvpical inistaince special spore-bearinig organs are developed; fine aUrial hyphae, whiclh, erectinig themselves from the growth of myceliumn, ofteni cause a powdery appearance oni the surface.Spores are pro-(luced in these aerial lhyphae.It seems probable, also, that under certaini conditionis these spores may be pro(duced along tlhe length of the mycelium, as well as in the special hy-phae.From these spores fresh filamenits grow out.The bacteria or fission fungi are defined as unicellular organ- isms, whicli reproduce tlhemselves by a process of transverse fissioni or spore formation.In the one case the pareint cell
Joseph Gauld Bearn
Authors: T R E Pilkington
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Joseph Gauld Bearn (“Joe”) was senior orthopaedic house surgeon at the Middlesex Hospital, 1946-7, and junior surgeon in the Royal Army Medical Corps, 1947-9, serving in Singapore, Burma, and Ceylon. After leaving the army, he returned to the Middlesex and decided to change to …
A simplified method for measurement of desquamation using dansyl chloride fluorescence
Authors: R. MARKS, D. BLACK, I. HAMAMI, A. CAUNT, R.J. MARSHALL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

A fluorescence comparator has been used to assess quantitatively the skin fluorescence due to applied dansyl chloride. Experiments were performed demonstrating that measurements with the device had a low intra- and inter-observer error, with coefficients of variation of between 4% and 6%. Another experiment in which fluorescence photographic photometry was simultaneously performed showed that the comparator provided estimates of stratum corneum renewal similar to the more complex photographic technique. Repeated mechanical trauma to the skin and skin stripping showed that the technique can detect alterations in the rate of cell renewal in the epidermis.
Three elderly patients died from inappropriate drugs, inquest finds
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Three elderly patients who died at a hospital in Hampshire in the late 1990s were given inappropriate drugs for their condition which hastened their death, an inquest jury has concluded.

Another two patients were found by the jury to have been given the correct drugs but in doses that contributed to their deaths. The deaths of a further five patients were not caused by the drugs they were taking, the jury decided.

The findings at Portsmouth Coroners’ Court follow an unprecedented inquest ordered by the justice secretary, Jack Straw, into the deaths of 10 patients at Gosport War Memorial Hospital between 1996 and 1999.

Mr Straw’s permission …
589. Construction and Antiproliferative Effect of mc-γIFNs
Authors: Jiangxue Wu, Bijun Huang, Benling Xu, Gang Xue
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Minicircles are a novel form of supercoiled DNA molecule for nonviral gene transfer. Minicircles are capable of expressing high and persistent levels of therapeutic products in vivo. Since minicircles have a great potential to serve as episomal vectors for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, we manage to treat cancer with recombinant minicircle carrying human |[gamma]|IFN expression cassette.
HANS U. DEBRUNNER (Translated by GOTTFRIED STIASNY) "Orthopaedic Diagnosis"
Authors: B. Helal
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1983)

This book might have been better titled Orthopaedic Measurement for it is much more concerned with anthropometric information than with diagnosis.Many of the measurements mentioned are unrelated to abnormal states.For instance we are told that arm span x 1.03 ± .02= body length but not what or how it helps us diagnose anything.We are informed that taking a history and doing an examination is very important but there is a paucity of information on the interpretation and the eliciting of physical signs.Kyphosis is measured clinically with a kyphometer (how biometric can you get) yet a kyphos and its significance is omitted.
QRS duration is a strong predictor of mortality in patients undergoing electrophysiologic studies
Authors: Vijay Nambi, Vidyasagar Kalahasti, David O. Martin, Cathy Lam, David Yamada, Bruce L. Wilkoff, Mark J. Niebauer, Andrea Natale, Walid Saliba, Robert Schweikert, Fredrick Jaeger, Patrick Tchou, Mina K. Chung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Reconstitution of lymphoid development and function in ZAP-70–deficient mice following gene transfer into bone marrow cells
Authors: Makoto Otsu, Marcos Steinberg, Christophe Ferrand, Peggy Merida, Cosette Rebouissou, Pierre Tiberghien, Naomi Taylor, Fabio Candotti, Nelly Noraz
Journal: Blood (2002)
THE TREATMENT OF BONE CAVITIES.
Authors: JAMES E. MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Every surgeon knows how necessary it is to secure apposition of the soft tissues in order that perfect union may follow. He also knows that by the judicious use of buried absorbable sutures and pressure he can avoid the dangers of dead space. There are some wounds where soft and bony tissues are both involved; for example, an excision of the elbow, in which it is impossible to avoid dead space, because it is necessary to keep the cut bone ends separated to prevent bony union, and in which it is not practical to fill the gap with the soft tissues. Under perfect conditions, Schede's method of allowing the space to fill with blood clot will yield favorable results, but, unfortunately, perfect conditions seldom obtain. This blood clot is the very thing we are trying to avoid when we try to obliterate dead space, because it is such a good culture medium and is so liable to end in suppuration.
Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis with Botulinum Toxin
Authors: Shiu Man Wong, Andrew C.F. Hui, Po-Yee Tong, Dawn W.F. Poon, Evelyn Yu, Lawrence K.S. Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a common condition for which botulinum toxin has been reported to have a therapeutic role in uncontrolled studies. Objective: To determine if an injection of botulinum toxin is more effective than placebo for reducing pain in adults with lateral epicondylitis. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from September 2002 to December 2004. Setting: Outpatient clinics at a university hospital and a district hospital in Hong Kong. Participants: 60 patients with lateral epicondylitis. Measurements: The primary outcome was change in subjective pain as measured by a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain ever) at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. All patients completed post-treatment follow-up. Interventions: A single injection of 60 units of botulinum toxin type A or normal saline placebo. Results: Mean VAS scores for the botulinum group at baseline and at 4 weeks were 65.5 mm and 25.3 mm, respectively; respective scores for the placebo group were 66.2 mm and 50.5 mm (between-group difference of changes, 24.4 mm [95% CI, 13.0 to 35.8 mm]; P < 0.001). At week 12, mean VAS scores were 23.5 mm for the botulinum group and 43.5 mm for the placebo group (between-group difference of changes, 19.3 mm [CI, 5.6 to 32.9 mm]; P = 0.006). Grip strength was not statistically significantly different between groups at any time. Mild paresis of the fingers occurred in 4 patients in the botulinum group at 4 weeks. One patient's symptoms persisted until week 12, whereas none of the patients receiving placebo had the same complaint. At 4 weeks, 10 patients in the botulinum group and 6 patients in the placebo group experienced weak finger extension on the same side as the injection site. Limitations: The trial was small, and most participants were women. The blinding protocol may have been ineffective because the 4 participants who experienced paresis of the fingers could have correctly assumed that they received an active treatment. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin injection may improve pain over a 3-month period in some patients with lateral epicondylitis, but injections may be associated with digit paresis and weakness of finger extension.
Post-transcriptional activation of PPAR alpha by KLF6 in hepatic steatosis
Authors: Lars P. Bechmann, Diana Vetter, Junichi Ishida, Rebekka A. Hannivoort, Ursula E. Lang, Peri Kocabayoglu, M. Isabel Fiel, Ursula Muñoz, Gillian L. Patman, Fengxia Ge, Shoshana Yakar, Xiaosong Li, Loranne Agius, Young-Min Lee, Weijia Zhang, Kei Yiu Hui, Despina Televantou, Gary J. Schwartz, Derek LeRoith, Paul D. Berk, Ryozo Nagai, Toru Suzuki, Helen L. Reeves, Scott L. Friedman
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Alternatively Spliced RAGEv1 Inhibits Tumorigenesis through Suppression of JNK Signaling
Authors: Anastasia Z. Kalea, Fiona See, Evis Harja, Maria Arriero, Ann Marie Schmidt, Barry I. Hudson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands are overexpressed in multiple cancers. RAGE has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis, but little is known of the mechanisms involved. In this study, we define a specific functional role for an alternate splice variant termed RAGE splice variant 1 (RAGEv1), which encodes a soluble endogenous form of the receptor that inhibits tumorigenesis. RAGEv1 was downregulated in lung, prostate, and brain tumors relative to control matched tissues. Overexpressing RAGEv1 in tumor cells altered RAGE ligand stimulation of several novel classes of genes that are critical in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, RAGEv1 inhibited tumor formation, cell invasion, and angiogenesis induced by RAGE ligand signaling. Analysis of signal transduction pathways underlying these effects revealed marked suppression of c-jun-NH(2)-kinase (JNK) pathway signaling, and JNK inhibition suppressed signaling through the RAGE pathway. Tumors expressing RAGEv1 were significantly smaller than wild-type tumors and displayed prominently reduced activation of JNK. Our results identify RAGEv1 as a novel suppressor, the study of which may offer new cancer therapeutic directions.
Opposing Roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in Maintaining Occult Cancer in an Equilibrium State
Authors: Michele W. L. Teng, Matthew D. Vesely, Helene Duret, Nicole McLaughlin, Jennifer E. Towne, Robert D. Schreiber, Mark J. Smyth
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer immunoediting, the process by which the immune system controls tumor growth and shapes tumor immunogenicity, consists of 3 stages: elimination, equilibrium, and escape. The molecular mechanisms that underlie the equilibrium phase, during which the immune system maintains tumor dormancy, remain incompletely defined. Here, we investigated the length of the equilibrium phase during immune control of methycholanthrene (MCA)-induced or p53 mutant cancers and showed the critical and opposing roles of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-12 in maintaining cancer cells in a state of immune-mediated dormancy. Inhibition of IL-23p19 was shown to reduce the malignant potential of lesions established by MCA inoculation, whereas inhibition of IL-12/23p40 enhanced tumor outgrowth. Furthermore, agonistic anti-CD40 antibody treatment mimicked the effects of anti-IL-23p19 monoclonal antibody treatment. Other cytokines such as IL-4, IL-17, TNF, and IFNαβ, which are known to play important roles either in MCA tumorigenesis or in the elimination phase of cancer immunoediting, did not play critical roles in maintaining the equilibrium phase. Taken together, our findings show opposing roles for IL-23 and IL-12 in determining the outgrowth versus dormancy of occult neoplasia and suggest a potential long-term danger in using IL-12/23p40 antibodies for treating human autoimmune inflammatory disorders. Cancer Res; 72(16); 3987–96. ©2012 AACR.
ASSESSMENT OF BONE MASS AT DIFFERING SKELETAL SITES BY MULTIPLE DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETERS
Authors: Charles H. Chesnut, James A. Hanson, Raymond F. Kllcoyne, Robert Murano, Thomas K. Lewellen, Wll B. Nelp, Lawrence Mack, Michael M. Graham
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Chesnut, Charles H.; Hanson, James A.; Kllcoyne, Raymond F.; Murano, Robert; Lewellen, Thomas K.; Nelp, Wll B.; Mack, Lawrence; Graham, Michael M. Author Information
Studies of Thoracic Duct Lymph and Blood Plasma in Oligemic Hypotension
Authors: Robert W. Hopkins, Israel Penn, Fiorindo A. Simeone
Journal: JAMA (1964)

STUDIES OF THE DISTRIBUTION of radioactive iodinated serum albumin (RISA) injected into the blood stream during profound oligemic hypotension demonstrated a marked rise in counting activity over the liver and splenchnic area after reinfusion of the shed blood.<sup>1</sup>This finding was interpreted as demonstrating an increased loss of readioactive albumin into the extravascular space in theses regions following restoration of blood volume after a period of oligemia. This interpretation led to a need for more information concernign the interchange of labeled protein between the circulating plasma and the extravascular fluid. A study of the lymph from the thoracic duct was therefore thought desirable. The role of the lymph in the thoracic duct in restoration of fluid and protein to the circulating blood after hemorrhage has been stressed in previous studies.<sup>2-4</sup>Other obesrvers, however, have noted a cessation of the flow of lymph during oligemia.<sup>5,6</sup>The following studies were undertaken to observe the flow of lymph in dogs during and after a period of profound oligemia and to observe the exchange of radioactive
Long-Term Impact of Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents on All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Mehdi H. Shishehbor, Sachin S. Goel, Samir R. Kapadia, Deepak L. Bhatt, Peter Kelly, Russell E. Raymond, John M. Galla, Sorin J. Brener, Patrick L. Whitlow, Stephen G. Ellis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
TCTAP A-088 Validation of Stress Myocardial Perfusion Computed Tomography in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease Using Fractional Flow Reserve: Visual Assessment and Exploration of Quantitative Parameters
Authors: Jae Hyung Roh, Young-Hak Kim, Dong Hyun Yang, Joon-Won Kang, DongJin Han, Joonho Jung, Namkug Kim, Jung Bok Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Jong-Young Lee, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol-Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park, Tae-Hwan Lim, Won-Jang Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Clonal analysis of hematopoietic cells using a novel polymorphic site of the X chromosome
Authors: Takahiro Okamoto, Masaya Okada, Hiroshi Wada, Akihisa Kanamaru, Eizo Kakishita, Tomoko Hashimoto, Junichi Furuyama
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Clonality of hematopoietic cells on a smale scale (nanogram amounts of DNA) can be detected by X-chromosome inactivation using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The human androgen-receptor gene (HUMARA) has a polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR), and has generally been used for clonality analysis since heterozygosity for the gene occurs in 90% of caucasian females. We examined heterozygosity of the STR on HUMARA in 110 Japanese females and found heterozygosity in 74 of 110 (67%). To examine for hematologic clonality in females with HUMARA homozygosity, we used a primer specific for a novel polymorphic STR site between DXS15 and DXS134 (DXS15-134) on Xq28. Heterozygosity for this site was found in 50 of 110 females (46%). Clonality of the hematopoietic cells was detected in 91 of 110 females (83%) using PCR of either the STR sites on HUMARA or DXS15-134. The X-inactivation patterns using PCR of DXS15-134 corresponded exactly with those obtained using PCR of HUMARA in 18 females who were heterozygous for both DXS15-134 and HUMARA. Using PCR of DXS15-134, we examined the clonality of bone marrow cells separated by flow cytometry in a patient with erythroleukemia (M6). Clonality was found not only in myeloid lineage cells but also in B lymphocytes. The clonality assay for DXS15-134 may be useful to assess for clonality of hematopoietic cells in the Japanese population, when combined with the HUMARA assay.
Article about Mental Health Act was misleading
Authors: T H Leigh
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Barker's article about mental health and the law is muddled and, in some instances, wrong in its discussion of the Mental Health Act (1983).1 For example, the only requirement under the act with regard to medical recommendations for admission under section 2 or 3 is that one of the doctors must be approved under section 12(2). The article perpetuates the myth that one of the doctors must have prior knowledge of the patient, whereas …
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3/adiponutrin deficiency in mice is not associated with fatty liver disease
Authors: Weiqin Chen, Benny Chang, Lan Li, Lawrence Chan
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

PNPLA3 (adiponutrin), a novel patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing enzyme, is expressed at high level in fat, but also in other tissues including liver. Polymorphisms in PNPLA3 have been linked to obesity and insulin sensitivity. Notably, a nonsynonymous variant rs738409(G) allele of the PNPLA3 gene was found to be strongly associated with both nonalcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease. We have generated Pnpla3(-/-) mice by gene targeting. Loss of Pnpla3 has no effect on body weight or composition, adipose mass, or development, whether the mice were fed regular chow or high-fat diet or bred into the genetic obese Lep(ob/ob) background. Plasma and liver triglyceride content and plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were not different between Pnpla3(+/+) and Pnpla3(-/-) mice while they were on regular chow, fed three different fatty liver-inducing diets, or after they were bred into Lep(ob/ob) background. Hepatic Pnpla5 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were similar in wild-type and Pnpla3(-/-) mice, although adipose Pnpla5 mRNA level was increased in Pnpla3(-/-) mice. A high-sucrose lipogenic diet stimulated hepatic Pnpla3 and Pnpla5 mRNA levels to a similar degree, but it did not affect adipose or liver triglyceride lipase (ATGL, known also as Pnpla2) mRNA in Pnpla3(+/+) and Pnpla3(-/-) mice. Finally, Pnpla3(+/+) and Pnpla3(-/-) mice displayed similar glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests while on regular chow or three different fatty liver-inducing diets. Loss of Pnpla3 does not cause fatty liver, liver enzyme elevation, or insulin resistance in mice.
Health, Health Insurance, and the Uninsured
Authors: Robert H. Brook
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE PURPOSE of this article is to express a personal viewpoint that might be useful in designing policies to improve the health of the American population. Emphasis will be placed on the uninsured. The viewpoint is based on my experience and research findings from a series of studies that had the following objectives: (1) to improve measures of quality and health status<sup>1-4</sup>; (2) to determine how a person's health status or quality was altered by economic incentives or disincentives such as the lack of any health insurance, the level of out-of-pocket payment in the fee-for-service system, or membership in a capitated health maintenance organization plan as opposed to the fee-for-service system<sup>5-19</sup>; (3) to develop explicit measures of medical appropriateness and to use those measures to determine how much care may not be necessary<sup>20-27</sup>; (4) to study how physicians' behavior was affected by both economic incentives and the
1001-31 Incremental prognostic value of stress echocardiography over historical, clinical, and stress electrocardiographic variables across a wide spectrum of Bayesian pretest probability for coronary artery disease
Authors: Sripal Bangalore, Siu-Sun Yao, Randy Cohen, Muhammad Z Saeed Malik, Azeem Saeed, Ranju Soni, Asif Malik, Farooq A Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
End of the Trend? A 12-year Study of Age at Menarche
Authors: T. C. Dann, D. F. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A 12-year study of menarchial age in all girls entering the University College of Swansea (1959-70) suggests that the downward trend in age at menarche has ceased in Britain. The turning point appears to have occurred in girls born about 1946.
Hong Kong virus spreads worldwide
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome, an atypical pneumonia that emerged earlier this month in Hong Kong and Vietnam, have now been reported in 14 countries.

By 24 March, according to the World Health Organization, there were 456 suspected and probable cases, more than triple the number from a week earlier, and 17 deaths as a result of the disease. “It's not stopping yet,” said Mr Peter Cordingley, the WHO's spokesman in Manila.

The total includes 37 suspected and probable cases in 18 US states, although the latest available figures from the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) put the total at 39.

“This is the figure that stood out for us,” said Mr Cordingley. “It's not that we didn't expect [further US cases], but this is rather larger than we expected. …