tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5547: CXCR4 Signaling Exacerbates Vein Graft Neointimal Hyperplasia
Authors: Lisheng Zhang, Leigh Brian, Neil J Freedman
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Vein graft neointimal hyperplasia can cause vein graft failure directly or, by promoting accelerated atherosclerosis, indirectly. Because most vein graft neointimal cells originate from outside the vein graft, and because CXCR4, the SDF-1α receptor, contributes significantly to recruitment of vascular progenitor cells, we tested the hypothesis that CXCR4 activity exacerbates vein graft neointimal hyperplasia. We performed carotid artery interposition vein grafting in congenic WT and cxcr4 −/+ mice, using the inferior vena cava of WT and cxcr4 −/+ mice as vein grafts. We created 3 surgically chimeric groups, designated by vein graft donor/vein graft recipient: WT/WT, cxcr4 −/+ /WT, and cxcr4 −/+ / cxcr4 −/+ . Immunofluorescence for SDF-1, the CXCR4 agonist, was evident in 2-wk-old vein grafts (with expanding neointimas), but not in 6-wk-old vein grafts (in which neointimal hyperplasia had reached steady state). In 6-wk-old WT/WT, cxcr4 −/+ /WT, and cxcr4 −/+ / cxcr4 −/+ vein grafts, respectively, neointimal areas were 0.12 ± 0.01, 0.118 ± 0.008, and 0.066 ± 0.008 mm 2 , while medial areas were 0.20 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.01, and 0.32 ± 0.02 mm 2 . Thus, relative to WT/WT grafts, neointimal area was reduced only in cxcr4 −/+ / cxcr4 −/+ vein grafts, by 47% ( p &lt;0.01), while medial area was increased in cxcr4 −/+ /WT and cxcr4 −/+ / cxcr4 −/+ vein grafts, by 26% and 56%, respectively ( p &lt;0.05). However, vein graft re-endothelialization was equivalent in all 3 vein graft groups (judged by immunostaining for Tie2). SMC-like cells comprised 100% of neointimal cells, but &lt; 50% of medial cells. In cxcr4 −/+ / cxcr4 −/+ vein grafts, however, the prevalence of medial SMC actin-positive cells was 45±20% greater than in WT/WT grafts (p&lt;0.04), while the prevalence of collagen I-positive cells was 40±5% less (p&lt;0.01), as assessed by quantitative immunofluorescence. We conclude that CXCR4 contributes to vein graft neointimal hyperplasia through endothelium-independent mechanisms that alter homing of graft-extrinsic cells to the vein graft. Moreover, while CXCR4 activity augments neointimal hyperplasia, it reduces the medial hypertrophy that is believed to be desirable for reducing vein graft wall stress. These results suggest that CXCR4 antagonist therapy may alleviate vein graft disease.
The role of simulators, models, phantoms. Where's the evidence?
Authors: K. Matsuda, R. Hawes, A. Sahai, H. Tajiri
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Training to a level of competency for EUS is challenging and involves a long learning curve. Exposure to EUS cases may be limited and thus learning tools need to be developed to decrease the number of supervised examinations in patients required to master this. Also, the trainees have to reach a certain skill level in the limited period of EUS fellowship. A few learning tools have been developed to allow a faster learning of EUS and EUS-FNA.
Will you still need me, will you still screen me, when I'm past 64?
Authors: G. C Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Breast screening policy in Britain is based on women's age, as it should be. Age is the most important risk factor for breast cancer, and in younger women the health gain from screening is vanishingly small. A lower age limit is therefore rational. But when age related decisions are irrational or inequitable, they may reflect ageism. Is this the case with the upper limit for breast screening?

The NHS screening service follows the recommendation in the Forrest report that in view of poor response rates there is insufficient benefit from offering screening to women aged 65 and over, though it may be available on request.1 This recommendation was based on the Utrecht study and the United Kingdom trial,2 3 both of which apparently showed a rapid fall in acceptance of repeated screening over 65.1 In Sweden, by contrast, uptake was 80% to age 74.4 However, neither the Utrecht nor the British trial recruited women over 65. Forrest presumably meant the Nijmegen study, where women …
Poor old Britain
Authors: T. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1996)

I cannot be alone in being angered by the response of the Department of Health to the recent reports of the problems of the NHS—patients spending many hours lying on trolleys in accident and emergency departments, too few beds in intensive care units, and patients being transferred from one hospital to another in desperate attempts to find an appropriate bed. To all these scandals the department's response is to claim that spending on the NHS is higher than ever before and that it has risen in real terms year by year.

Of course expenditure on the NHS has gone up as the economy has …
Dairy Products and Metabolic Risk Factors: How Much Do We Know?
Authors: Judith Wylie-Rosett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Less than a decade ago, epidemiological research classified high-fat dairy products as integral to a “Western” dietary pattern that was associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes (1). Animal fat, including that found in whole milk and high-fat dairy products, was thought to be the pathogenic factor with little consideration of the composition of milk fat, which has the potential opposite effects of various fatty acids (saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid) (2).

The study by Fumeron et al. (3) in this issue of Diabetes Care found an inverse relationship between intake of dairy products and incident diabetes and several cardiometabolic risk factors in the French DESIR (Data from the Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome) study. A limitation of the DESIR analysis is the homogeneity of the French study population. Generalizing the study finding to more diverse population groups, especially populations of color with disparate rates of diabetes, may not be appropriate. However, the DESIR findings are consistent with a number of recent epidemiological studies that have also reported an inverse relationship between intake of dairy products or nutrients in dairy products and the risk of …
Farnesyl analogues inhibit vasoconstriction in animal and human arteries.
Authors: J B Roullet, H Xue, J Chapman, P McDougal, C M Roullet, D A McCarron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Recent studies have suggested that nonsterol, mevalonate-derived metabolites are implicated in the control of vascular tone and blood pressure. Because of the metabolic importance of farnesyl pyrophosphate, a 15-carbon (C15) intermediate of the cholesterol pathway, the vasoactive properties of the farnesyl motif were investigated. Two farnesyl analogues were used: farnesol, the natural dephosphorylated form of farnesyl pyrophosphate, and N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-farnesyl-L-cysteine (AFC), a synthetic mimic of the carboxyl terminus of farnesylated proteins. Both compounds inhibited NE-induced vasoconstriction in rat aortic rings at micromolar concentration. Their action was rapid, dose dependent, and reversible. Shorter (C10) and longer (C20) isoprenols as well as N-acetyl-S-geranyl-L-cysteine (C10) did not inhibit the response to NE. In contrast, N-acetyl-S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine (C20), exhibited vasoactive properties similar to AFC. It was further demonstrated that AFC and farnesol inhibited KCl and NaF-induced contractions, suggesting a complex action on Ca2+ channels and G protein-dependent pathways. Finally, the effect of farnesol and AFC on the NE response was reproduced in human resistance arteries. In conclusion, mevalonate-derived farnesyl analogues are potent inhibitors of vasoconstriction. The study suggests that farnesyl cellular availability is an important determinant of vascular tone in animals and humans, and provides a basis for exploring farnesyl metabolism in humans with compromised vascular function as well as for using farnesyl analogues as regulators of arterial tone in vivo.
ZAP-70 Protein Promotes Tyrosine Phosphorylation of T Cell Receptor Signaling Motifs (ITAMs) in Immature CD4+8+ Thymocytes with Limiting p56lck
Authors: Jennifer M. Ashe, David L. Wiest, Ryo Abe, Alfred Singer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

As a result of interaction with epithelial cells in the thymic cortex, immature CD4(+)8(+) (double positive, DP) thymocytes express relatively few T cell receptors (TCRs) and contain diminished numbers of coreceptor-associated p56(lck) (lck) PTK molecules. As a result, TCR signal transduction in DP thymocytes is significantly impaired, despite its importance for repertoire selection. We report here that, in DP thymocytes, tyrosine phosphorylation of TCR signaling motifs (ITAMs) by lck, an early event in TCR signal transduction, is dependent upon ZAP-70 protein independent of ZAP-70's kinase activity. Furthermore, the dependence on ZAP-70 protein for ITAM phosphorylation diminishes as available lck increases. Importantly, ZAP-70's role in ITAM phosphorylation in DP thymocytes is not limited to protecting phosphorylated ITAMs from dephosphorylation. Rather, this study indicates that ZAP-70 protein augments ITAM phosphorylation in DP thymocytes and so compensates in part for the relative deficiency of coreceptor-associated lck.
Phase Analysis of Gated Myocardial Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Compared With Tissue Doppler Imaging for the Assessment of Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony
Authors: Maureen M. Henneman, Ji Chen, Claudia Ypenburg, Petra Dibbets, Gabe B. Bleeker, Eric Boersma, Marcel P. Stokkel, Ernst E. van der Wall, Ernest V. Garcia, Jeroen J. Bax
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem?
Authors: Leslie S. Libow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters18 September 2012Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem?Leslie S. Libow, MDLeslie S. Libow, MDFrom Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10025.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-6-201209180-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Golden and colleagues (1) could rename their In the Balance article “Is the Older Person in America Terminally Ill?”The essential problem faced by the dearth of geriatricians is not simply, as referred to by the authors, the poor wages paid or the poor reimbursement for caring for elderly patients. Rather, it is the essence of “oldness” of the patients. “Oldness” contributes to turning medical students and physicians away from rendering care to this population.The many physicians and gerontologists who helped establish the new field of geriatric medicine never intended to have geriatricians render care to ...References1. Golden AG, Silverman MA, Mintzer MJ. Is geriatric medicine terminally ill? Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:654-6. [PMID: 22547474] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Libow LS. Geriatrics in the United States—baby boomers' boon? N Engl J Med. 2005;352:750-2. [PMID: 15728805] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10025.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIs Geriatric Medicine Terminally Ill? Adam G. Golden , Michael A. Silverman , and Michael J. Mintzer Treating Our Societal Scotoma: The Case for Investing in Geriatrics, Our Nation's Future, and Our Patients Rosanne M. Leipzig , William J. Hall , and Linda P. Fried Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? Kenneth M. Madden and Kenneth Rockwood Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? T.S. Dharmarajan and Abishek Kumar Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? Hajime Ichiseki Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? Giuseppe Bellelli and Marco Trabucchi Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? Adam G. Golden , Michael A. Silverman , and Michael J. Mintzer Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? John R. Burton and Samuel C. Durso Dialogue on Geriatrics: How Should We Fix the Problem? David Hamerman Metrics Cited byBasic Geriatrics Knowledge Among Internal Medicine Trainees in a Teaching Hospital in Saudi Arabia 18 September 2012Volume 157, Issue 6Page: 456KeywordsElderlyFellowshipsGastrointestinal tractGeriatric careGeriatricsHealth careHospital medicineMemorySkeletonTraditional medicine ePublished: 18 September 2012 Issue Published: 18 September 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE USE OF PHENOL RED AND BROM-CRESOL PURPLE AS INDICATORS IN THE BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF STOOLS
Authors: Alan M. Chesney
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

1. Either phenol red or brom-cresol purple may be used as indicators in the preparation of lactose agar plates for the isolation of members of the typhoid-dysentery group of bacteria from stools. Of the two, brom-cresol purple gives sharper differentiation and is to be preferred. 2. These indicators exercise no restraining influence upon the growth of cultures of the typhoid bacillus or paratyphoid bacillus freshly isolated from the human body, or of laboratory cultures of Bacillus dysenteria. 3. Both indicators may be successfully employed with brilliant green in the isolation of the typhoid-paratyphoid group from stools without sacrificing the restraining activity of the brilliant green upon other bacteria.
Outcome according to cytogenetic abnormalities and DNA ploidy in myeloma patients receiving short induction with weekly bortezomib followed by maintenance
Authors: María-Victoria Mateos, Norma C. Gutiérrez, María-Luisa Martín-Ramos, Bruno Paiva, María-Angeles Montalbán, Albert Oriol, Joaquín Martínez-López, Ana-Isabel Teruel, Enrique Bengoechea, Alejandro Martín, Joaquín Díaz-Mediavilla, Felipe de Arriba, Luis Palomera, José-Mariano Hernández, Anna Sureda, Joan Bargay, Francisco-Javier Peñalver, Josep-Maria Ribera, María-Luisa Martín-Mateos, Manuela Fernández, Ramón García-Sanz, María-Belén Vidriales, Joan Bladé, Juan-José Lahuerta, Jesús F. San Miguel
Journal: Blood (2011)
Unexplained Excess Risk of Bladder Cancer in Men
Authors: Patricia Hartge, Elizabeth B. Harvey, W. Marston Linehan, Debra T. Silverman, Jerry W. Sullivan, Robert N. Hoover, Joseph F. Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

In nearly all populations studied, the risk of bladder cancer is two to four times as great in men as in Women.We estimated what the gender-specific incidence rates would be in the absence of exposure to known carcinogenic factors. The data used were obtained from interviews with 2,806 white individuals with bladder cancer and 5,258 white controls in the National Bladder Cancer Study and from incidence data for 1978 from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The total age-adjusted incidence of bladder cancer was 27.5 cases per 100,000 person-years for men and 7.0 for women, yielding a ratio of 3.9. Even in the absence of exposure to cigarettes, occupational hazards, or urinary tract infection, the gender-related risk persisted; the incidence of bladder cancer was 11.0 in men and 4.1 in women, yielding a ratio of 2.7. Possible explanations for the excessive risk in men include environmental and dietary exposures not yet identified and innate sexual characteristics such as anatomic differences, urination habits, or hormonal factors.
National survey on the management of rhinopathies in asthma patients by French pulmonologists in everyday practice
Authors: P. Demoly, L. Crampette, J.‐P. Daures
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Epidemiological and pathophysiologic studies have shown that allergic rhinitis and asthma often occur in combination. The internationally developed ARIA position paper (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) recently offered recommendations on allergic rhinitis. As part of this new report and prior to its diffusion, we investigated the management of rhinopathies in asthma patients by pulmonologists in their everyday practice.From March to June 2000, 477 (48%) French pulmonologists in office-based practice participated in the survey. They were asked to include their first five asthmatic adult patients. In addition to descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed.We studied 1623 patients with varying severity of asthma (sex ratio 0.9; median age 35 years). The pulmonologists reported rhinopathy in 76.6% of these, with a chronic course in 91%. Among the patients, 67.1% reported rhinopathy. The diagnosis was allergic rhinitis in 66.2% of participants and nasal polyposis in 10.1%. Examination of the nasal cavities was performed by the pulmonologists themselves in 56.2% of patients. Imaging of the sinuses was performed radiographically in 55.3% of enrolled patients and/or by computed tomography in 17.2%. Referral to an ENT specialist occurred for 21.6% of patients, being more common for patients with rhinitis that failed to respond to medical therapy (although some pulmonologists referred their patients routinely).The high prevalence of rhinopathies in asthma patients requires that these conditions are recognized and managed by pulmonologists. Thus, our findings support one of the central messages contained in the new ARIA guidelines-asthma patients should be investigated routinely for rhinitis and other rhinopathies.
91 IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH VECTOR ENCODING ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN FUSED WITH PROTEASOME TARGETING SIGNAL PROVIDES NOTABLE PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY AGAINST HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN MICE
Authors: A.V. Morozov, V.A. Morozov, T.M. Astakhova, V.L. Karpov
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
GASTRO-INTESTINAL CHOLERIFORM CATARRH.
Authors: EDWARD L. DAVID
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Of the various titles, as cholera infantum, infectious diarrhea, choleriform diarrhea, summer diarrhea, summer complaint, acute mycotic diarrhea, by which this disease is known, none are as expressive as gastrointestinal choleriform catarrh, for none designate as much at the outset, of the extent and character of its manifestations or variety of its action; summer complaint and summer diarrhea especially should not be used, they being indefinite and meaningless. The tendency of giving a number of names to a single disease should be overcome; be simple and comprehensive so no misunderstanding will be possible; avoid a variety of synonyms; they are confusing to physicians in general, who have not this knowledge at their command—knowledge which is tedious and unnecessary, and often leading to serious mistakes. Gastro-intestinal choleriform catarrh, while not of common occurrence compared to other diarrheal disorders, is relatively frequent in children under 2 years of age; is of short
The Biology of Mental Disorders
Authors: Laura Lee Hall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The 1990s bear witness to two opposing realities of mental illness.One is the pressing and even tragic nature of mental disorders: serious mental disorders, including schizophrenia and major mood and anxiety disorders, afflict millions of Americans, producing long-lasting and disabling symptoms.The other reality is improved technologies and advances in brain research that provide hope for alleviating the substantial burden of mental disorders-to individuals with these conditions, their families, and society at large-and the continuing research and development that promises future gains.Recognizing both the public health problem posed by mental disorders and the recent gains and future promise of brain research, several congressional committees
Comparison of 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT and PET/MRI hybrid systems in patients with cranial meningioma: Initial results
Authors: Ali Afshar-Oromieh, Maya B. Wolf, Clemens Kratochwil, Frederik L. Giesel, Stephanie E. Combs, Antonia Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Regula Gnirs, Matthias C. Roethke, Heinz P. Schlemmer, Uwe Haberkorn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

(68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT is a well-established method for detecting and targeting the volume definition of meningiomas prior to radiotherapy. Moreover, there is evidence that this method is able to detect meningiomas with higher sensitivity than the goldstandard MRI. Since the hybrid PET/MRI scanner became available in the past few years, the next stage of development could consequently evolve by evaluating the feasibility of a hybrid PET/MRI scanner using (68)Ga-DOTATOC for detecting meningiomas.Fifteen patients received (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT (0.5 h post injection [p.i.]) followed by PET/MRI 2 hours p.i. Both investigations were analyzed separately and then compared with respect to image quality, detection of intracranial meningiomas, and radiotracer uptake values (RUVs). In addition, ratios between radiotracer uptake in meningiomas and pituitary glands were compared between both PET/CT and PET/MRI.Overall, 33 intracranial meningiomas were detected. All were visible with high contrast in both PET/CT and PET/MRI. (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/MRI provided flawless image quality without artefacts. Calculated RUV in meningiomas, as well as the ratios of RUVs in meningiomas to those of pituitary glands, were higher in PET/CT. As a result, meningiomas can be distinguished from pituitary glands better in early images.(68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/MRI provided flawless image quality and presented an ideal combination of high sensitivity/specificity (PET) and the best possible morphological visualization of meningiomas (MRI). In addition, excellent detection of meningiomas is already possible at 0.5 hours p.i. Later images do not improve the distinction between pituitary gland and adjacent meningiomas. However, RUVs need to be carefully compared between both imaging modalities.
Abnormal Lung and Liver Uptake of Gallium-67 and Technetium-99m MDP in Hypercalcemia of Lymphoma with Metastatic Pulmonary Calcification
Authors: WILLIAM T. SULLIVAN, JOSEPH A. ORZEL, KURT D. REED, JEFFREY H. BOWER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Abnormal pulmonary uptake of Ga-67 citrate and Tc-99m MDP and reversible liver uptake of Tc-99m MDP was seen in a patient with hypercalcemia of lymphoma and biopsy-proven metastatic pulmonary calcification. Abnormal lung uptake of Tc-99m MDP may confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary calcification, lessening the need for invasive procedures to evaluate pathologic lung uptake of Ga-67 citrate.