tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil extracellular traps regulate IL-1β-mediated inflammation in familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Eirini Apostolidou, Panagiotis Skendros, Konstantinos Kambas, Ioannis Mitroulis, Theocharis Konstantinidis, Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou, Konstantinos Nakos, Victoria Tsironidou, Maria Koffa, Dimitrios T Boumpas, Konstantinos Ritis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objective</h3> Inflammatory attacks of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) are characterised by circulation and influx of high number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in the affected sites and profound therapeutic effect of IL-1β inhibitors. We investigated the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) in the pathogenesis of FMF, and their involvement in IL-1β production. <h3>Methods</h3> Blood samples were obtained from six FMF patients during remissions and from three patients during attacks. NET formation and NET components were studied by fluorescence techniques, immunobloting and MPO-DNA complex ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> PMNs from patients released NETs decorated with IL-1β during disease attacks. On the other hand, PMNs from patients during remission were resistant to inflammatory stimuli that induce NET release in PMNs from control subjects. Lower basal autophagy levels were identified in PMNs during remission, while induction of autophagy facilitated NET release, suggesting that autophagy is involved in the regulation of NET release. During the resolution of attacks, inhibition of NET formation by negative feedback mechanism was also observed. The anti-inflammatory agents, colchicine and DNAse I, inhibited IL-1β production in PMNs and IL-1β activity in NETs, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We suggest two additive events for triggering the FMF attack; the production of IL-1β by PMNs and its release through NETs. At the same time NETs, homeostatically, downregulate further NETosis, facilitating the resolution of attack. Compensatorly, lower basal autophagy of PMNs may protect from crises by attenuating the release of pro-inflammatory NETs.
Epidural anaesthesia and low back pain after delivery: a prospective cohort study
Authors: A. Macarthur, C. Macarthur, S. Weeks
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To determine whether epidural anaesthesia during labour and delivery is a risk factor for postpartum back pain. <b>Design</b>: Prospective cohort study with follow up at one day, seven days, and six weeks after delivery. <b>Setting</b>: Teaching hospital in Montreal. <b>Subjects</b>: 329 women who delivered a live infant(s) during the study period. Exclusion criteria were back pain before pregnancy and delivery by elective caesarean section. <b>Intervention</b>: Epidural anaesthesia during labour and delivery. <b>Main outcome measures and results</b>: The primary outcome variable was development of postpartum low back pain. Back pain was quantified with self reports (yes/no), a pain score (numeric rating scale), and degree of interference with daily activities. Of the 329 women, 164 received epidural anaesthesia during labour and 165 did not. The incidence of low back pain in epidural v non-epidural group was 53% v 43% on day one; 21% v 23% on day seven; and 14% v 7% at six weeks. The relative risk for low back pain (epidural v non-epidural) adjusted for parity, delivery, ethnicity, and weight was 1.76 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.92) on day one; 1.00 (0.54 to 1.86) on day seven; and 2.22 (0.89 to 5.53) at six weeks. There were no differences between the two groups in pain scores or the frequency of interference with daily activities. Similar results were obtained in the subgroup of women with low back pain of new onset--that is, those women with no back pain during their pregnancy. <b>Conclusions</b>: Postpartum low back pain was common but decreased considerably over the short term. The association between epidural anaesthesia and postpartum low back pain was inconsistent over time with a significantly increased risk of low back pain (epidural v non-epidural) noted only on the first day after delivery.
Deletion of interleukin-6 in mice with the dominant negative form of transforming growth factor β receptor II improves colitis but exacerbates autoimmune cholangitis
Authors: Weici Zhang, Masanobu Tsuda, Guo-Xiang Yang, Koichi Tsuneyama, Guanghua Rong, William M. Ridgway, Aftab A. Ansari, Richard A. Flavell, Ross L. Coppel, Zhe-Xiong Lian, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

The role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in autoimmunity attracts attention because of the clinical usage of monoclonal antibodies to IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), designed to block IL-6 pathways. In autoimmune liver disease, activation of the hepatocyte IL-6/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) pathway is associated with modulating pathology in acute liver failure, in liver regeneration, and in the murine model of concanavalin A–induced liver inflammation. We have reported that mice expressing a dominant negative form of transforming growth factor β receptor II (dnTGFβRII) under control of the CD4 promoter develop both colitis and autoimmune cholangitis with elevated serum levels of IL-6. Based on this observation, we generated IL-6–deficient mice on a dnTGF-βRII background (dnTGFβRII IL-6−/−) and examined for the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies, levels of cytokines, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of liver and colon tissues. As expected, based on reports of the use of anti–IL-6R in inflammatory bowel disease, dnTGFβRII IL-6−/− mice manifest a dramatic improvement in their inflammatory bowel disease, including reduced diarrhea and significant reduction in intestinal lymphocytic infiltrates. Importantly, however, autoimmune cholangitis in dnTGFβRII IL-6−/− mice was significantly exacerbated, including elevated inflammatory cytokines, increased numbers of activated T cells, and worsening hepatic pathology. Conclusion: The data from these observations emphasize that there are distinct mechanisms involved in inducing pathology in inflammatory bowel disease compared to autoimmune cholangitis. These data also suggest that patients with inflammatory bowel disease may not be the best candidates for treatment with anti–IL-6R if they have accompanying autoimmune liver disease and emphasize caution for therapeutic use of anti–IL-6R antibody. Hepatology 2010
Confluent and Reticulated Cutaneous Papillomatosis
Authors: Dale B. Watkins
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A 22-year-old negroid man complained of a skin eruption which had been present for two years. The initial lesions were minute papules confined to the pectoral regions; later they had spread to the trunk, shoulders, and extremities. They were numerous round to oval papulosquamous lesions, 0.5 to 2.0 mm. in size. They were absent in the axillae, in the groin, and on the scalp, palms, and soles. Around the neck and upper chest they were confluent and reticulated. There were many glistening minute papules on the hard palate. There were keratotic follicles on the extensor surfaces of all extremities. The dermatosis described was the only physical abnormality in an otherwise healthy man.
Symptomatic Hepatocellular Liver Injury With Hyperbilirubinemia in Two Patients Treated With Rivaroxaban
Authors: Evangelia Liakoni, Alexandra E. Rätz Bravo, Luigi Terracciano, Markus Heim, Stephan Krähenbühl
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Treatment with the new oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban can be associated with severe liver injury.We report 2 patients with predominantly hepatocellular liver injury that had onset during treatment with rivaroxaban. Both were symptomatic, had massively elevated transaminase activity levels and hyperbilirubinemia, and fulfilled the criteria of Hy's law. Liver biopsy in 1 patient revealed centroacinar hepatocyte necrosis as the predominant finding. Both patients showed a rapid biochemical and clinical recovery after discontinuing rivaroxaban therapy. Between 2008 and 2013, 42 cases of liver injury possibly associated with rivaroxaban treatment have been reported to the Swiss Agency of Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic). Thirteen of these patients fulfilled the criteria of Hy's law.Treatment with rivaroxaban can be associated with severe, symptomatic liver injury. Physicians should be aware of this adverse drug reaction. We propose rapid discontinuation of treatment with rivaroxaban in case of symptomatic liver injury and, taking into account its severity, avoiding reexposure.
The Health Insurance Coverage of Hispanics-Reply
Authors: Fernando M. Treviño
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply. —  Dr Minuth is quite correct to point out in his letter that the Hispanic population as well as the Mexican-American population in particular is a very heterogeneous one. The data sets we analyzed in our article did not contain information on citizenship or immigration status; thus, we could not provide data on these two variables.  Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES) allow an analysis of insurance coverage status by the language the sample person chose to be interviewed in (English vs Spanish) as well as by nativity (Mexican-born vs all others). Findings for Dr Minuth's home state of California reveal that 24% of the Mexican Americans interviewed in English in California for the HHANES were uninsured, compared with 45% of those who chose to be interviewed in Spanish. Insurance coverage by nativity in the state of California revealed that 47% of the respondents
1107 PHOSHORYLATION OF P38 MAPK IS DETECTABLE IN NKT CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS IN WHOM IT MIRRORS DISEASE ACTIVITY
Authors: A. Mavropoulos, E. Spyrou, E.I. Rigopoulou, D. Vergani, G.N. Dalekos, D.P. Bogdanos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
ON DISCOVERY AND EXPERIMENT IN PSYCHIATRY
Authors: HENRY W. BROSIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

1. Research in psychiatry as in other disciplines is a vital necessity, not a luxury. 2. Psychiatrists have several functions in improving research: actual participation, active and passive support, and the study of investigators. The enormous importance of unconscious motivation to work patterns is now better appreciated. 3. In order to improve discovery and experimentation, we need to know more about it as an art, as a science, and as an industry. The human elements in research are only now becoming the object of serious study. 4. Science as "empirically reduced empiricism" (Conant) is held to be the most advantageous strategy at this time. 5. The ways in which men really work at experimentation is both a worthy and a possible object of study. The case history method is cited as a means of acquainting those without practical experience of the hazards of research. 6. The need for long-term studies is emphasized. Many psychiatrists can make a personal contribution by writing of their own struggles, and also by careful reporting of their experience with professional investigators.
Insulin in the Management of the Diabetic Surgical Patient
Authors: Uri Taitelman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A prospective randomized study comparing constant intravenous infusion of regular, low-dose insulin versus conventional subcutaneous administration of neutral protein Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in insulin-requiring patients undergoing orthopedic procedures under general anesthesia was undertaken. The degree of diabetic control was better in those receiving constant 2 units/hour of regular insulin than in those receiving two thirds of daily maintenance doses of NPH insulin. However, in two of eight patients receiving 2 units/hour, decreased insulin infusion rates and increased dextrose infusion rates were required to avoid hypoglycemia. Preoperative NPH insulin and 1 unit/hour insulin administration resulted in equivalent diabetic control. (<i>JAMA</i>237:658-660, 1977)
Colonic telangiectasias in progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: B. Jharap, L. Koudstaal, E. Neefjes-Borst, S. Van Weyenberg
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 61-year old woman was referred for analysis of iron-deficiency anemia and intermittent rectal blood loss. At age 35 she had been diagnosed with progressive systemic sclerosis, based on the presence of cutaneous telangiectasias, scleroderma, and pulmonary hypertension.
Methods of Urine Culture
Authors: P. J. Little, H. E. de Wardener
Journal: BMJ (1963)

but in whom a diagnosis of pyelonephritis is subsequently established.It has also been shown that to examine the urinary deposit for white cells in the way they describe may be misleading.2And it is well known that the urine may be infected even if there is no increase in the number of white cells present.3 4 The difficulties of quantitative pour-plate cultures have perhaps been over-emphasized by those less experienced in this technique.We have found that a competent technician can perform up to 20 such cultures in an hour.-Weare, etc.,
Comparative bio-availability and activity of properietary topical corticosteroid preparations: vasoconstrictor assays on thirty-one ointments
Authors: B.W. BARRY, R. WOODFORD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Thirty‐one proprietary corticosteroid ointments were evaluated for vasoconstriction using an occluded blanching test. The results were expressed as three parameters: (I) area under the blanching curve, (2) summed % total possible score, and (3) square root transformation of sum of scores divided by number of volunteers. Experiments were performed to (a) compare the bio‐availability and activity of the ointments, (b) determine the effect of antimicrobial additives, and (c) assess the retention of steroids in the skin. Scores for the additive‐containing and 'plain' preparations were within 90% except for Locorten‐Vioform/Locorten (58%). A steroid reservoir in the skin was demonstrated lasting for 8–14 days. Selected preparations were‐re‐tested by a non‐occluded method. The results for the ointments were compared with those previously obtained using the corresponding creams.
Inotropic Therapy for Heart Failure — An Unfulfilled Promise
Authors: Gregory D. Curfman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

MOST reports on clinical trials published in the Journal carry an optimistic message. The new treatment assessed in the trial is usually found to be superior to, or at least as good as, conventional therapy for the condition. In this issue of the Journal, by contrast, Packer et al.1 report a discouraging result from the Prospective Randomized Milrinone Survival Evaluation (PROMISE). This trial has shown unambiguously that the use of milrinone, an inotropic agent and vasodilator, to treat advanced heart failure is associated with an increase in mortality of about 30 percent. This disturbing finding is likely to influence . . .
Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis
Authors: Milton G. Bohrod
Journal: JAMA (1971)

By changing to a two-column format and carefully trimming the illustrations, the present edition has been reduced by approximately 200 pages and is at the same time easier to read. Many chapters have been revised and updated. This book, a favorite for almost 25 years, is not meant to replace more complete monographs on the details of pathology, diagnosis, or treatment of cancer. It is designed rather to examine the border zones in which these disciplines impinge on each other, and it is therefore valuable to everyone who works with cancer problems. The text is clearly written and the authors are not afraid to express definite opinions. Indeed, they have in several places changed their opinions since previous editions. The illustrations have been carefully chosen and clearly printed, and sometimes improved by cropping. Special attention should be called to the first 100 pages devoted to general principles, too often neglected
Biochemical investigation of possible lesions in human aorta that predispose to dissecting aneurysms: pyridinoline crosslinks
Authors: M A. WHITTLE, S. P ROBINS, P. S HASLETON, J. C ANDERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

Journal Article Biochemical investigation of possible lesions in human aorta that predispose to dissecting aneurysms: pyridinoline crosslinks Get access M ANNE WHITTLE, M ANNE WHITTLE ** From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Manchester Medical School, Manchester Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr J C Anderson, Department of Biochemistry, University of Manchester Medical School, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SIMON P ROBINS, SIMON P ROBINS † From the Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PHILIP S HASLETON, PHILIP S HASLETON ‡ From the Department of Histopathology, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN C ANDERSON JOHN C ANDERSON ** From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Manchester Medical School, Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 21, Issue 3, March 1987, Pages 161–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/21.3.161 Published: 01 March 1987 Article history Received: 12 May 1986 Accepted: 22 July 1986 Published: 01 March 1987
Abstract 440: Myoglobin in breast cancer: Regulation, function and relevance
Authors: Glen O. Kristiansen, Junmin Hu, Josefine Gerhardt, Florian Fritzsche, Jean-Phillipe Theurillat, Cordelia Geisler, Michael Rose, Daniel Stiehl, Eva M. Gleixner, Tom Hankeln, Erich Gnaiger, Holger Moch, Max Gassmann, Thomas Gorr, Edgar Dahl
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background Following an accidental observation, we aimed to analyse expression, regulation and function of myoglobin (Mb) in breast cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry/Immunofluorescence, microdissection, transmission electron microscopy, Western blot, qPCR, cell culture (under normoxia and hypoxia), shRNA and siRNA knockdown, in silico data mining, high resolution respirometry. Functional assays: proliferation, migration and colony formation. Results Mb protein is de novo expressed in 71% of invasive breast carcinomas (n=917) in association with the hypoxia inducible factor 2α (HIF-2 α), carbonic anhydrase IX and a better prognosis. Expression of Mb in breast cancer was confirmed on mRNA level and occurred irrespective of rhabdomyoid differentiation and was inducible by prolonged hypoxia in breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, MCF7) with a median change fold of 3.4 after 72 hours. Interestingly, hypoxically induced MB mRNA originated from a novel, alternative transcription start site 6 kb upstream of the genuine ATG codon. Functionally, stable myoglobin knockdown in MDA-MB468 cells was associated with a stimulated O2 uptake during mild hypoxia, yet did not impact the O2 diffusion gradient in these small cells during limiting conditions. Knockdown of Mb also conferred a significant retardation of the cells’ in vitro motility to close an inflicted wound within the normoxic culture. Conclusions Regarding cancer cells, unconventional functions of myoglobin, not directly related to the transport of oxygen, thus need to be envisioned. These unprecedented findings may have fundamental implications for our understanding of non-muscle Mb in solid tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 440.
We are not “amueslied”
Authors: Alice M Walsh, Jonathan R Hincks
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Blooms of marine microalgae play a pivotal role in global carbon cycling. Such blooms entail successive blooms of specialized clades of planktonic bacteria that remineralize algal biomass. We investigated the bacterioplankton response to a bloom in the German Bight in spring 2020. Metagenome sequencing at 30 time-points allowed reconstruction of 251 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), 245 representing as yet uncultured species, while corresponding metatranscriptome sequencing highlighted 50 particularly active MAGs. Together with algae, copepod, protist and bacteria diversity and abundance data in combination with physico-chemical data and antibody-based saccharide measurements, we demonstrate (i) how dissolved primary photoassimilated algal and secondary bacterial storage glycans shape the bacterioplankton community composition, and (ii) how grazing on higher trophic levels determines the release of these abundant glycans. We thus elucidate principles governing how bacterioplankton clades respond to algal blooms and collectively remineralize gigatons of carbon annually on a global scale.
Massive gastrointestinal bleeding associated with contralateral mucosal abrasion by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
Authors: Y.-C. Hsu, J.-J. Tsai, C.-L. Perng, H.-J. Lin
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) related to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has been described in sporadic reports [1] [2] [3] [4]. After reviewing 246 PEG procedures performed between 2002 and 2008, we identified four episodes (1.6 %) of massive UGIB. Three episodes (in two patients) might result from an unreported mechanism and are presented here.
FIXED ERUPTION AND URETHRITIS DUE TO PHENOLPHTHALEIN
Authors: H. HABER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1950)

Journal Article FIXED ERUPTION AND URETHRITIS DUE TO PHENOLPHTHALEIN Get access H. HABER H. HABER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 62, Issue 1, 1 January 1950, Pages 22–25, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1950.tb11110.x Published: 01 January 1950
Educational Implications of a National Health Service Corps
Authors: Charles H. Avery
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In the past decade America has experienced a rediscovery of poverty, and a growing consensus that health care is a right, not a privilege. Many politicians and leaders of the medical profession have felt compelled to speak of a healthcare crisis in the United States, a crisis in which health services have not been accessible to segments of our urban and rural populations. The Urban Coalition has estimated that in the United States today, approximately 2 million people receive no medical care, about 20 million receive part of the care they need, and nearly 20 million more people living in the ghettos receive less than adequate care (unpublished report distributed at Health Manpower Conference, August 1969). The realization that tens of millions of individuals are not receiving adequate health care has generated many proposals to address the problem; a National Health Service Corps is one. In the past two to
Endoscopic aspiration mucosectomy and closure assisted by outside CCD camera
Authors: K. Kume, M. Yamasaki, I. Yoshikawa, M. Otsuki
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

The endoscopic aspiration mucosectomy (EAM) procedure is simple and requires no special endoscope [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. However, delayed bleeding may occur from a gastric ulcer after EAM. If this problem is solved, day surgery may be possible. We have therefore developed a novel endoscopic aspiration mucosectomy and closure (EAMC) hood that facilitates the EAM procedure, simultaneously allowing endoscopic closure.