tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Positive 67Ga-Citrate Scans in Patients Receiving Corynebacterium parvum
Authors: JOE C. LEONARD, G BENNETT HUMPHREY, JEAN J. VANHOUTTE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Gallium-67 citrate imaging for the staging of lymphomas was performed in three patients receiving Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) immunotherapy. Unexpected uptake at the site of C. parvum injections was identified and although the mechanism of localization is not determined by this study, similarities between C. parvum's known actions and the postulated mechanism of 67Ga-citrate localization are compared.
Care of the Mentally Retarded
Authors: Richard R. Parlour
Journal: JAMA (1980)

While pressed by an explosion of knowledge, medicine today also faces public impatience for humanistic as well as technological achievement. Consideration of the human organism now includes not only the anatomic and physiological but also the mental, moral, and social; not merely sick vs normal, but a continuum of illness and well-being. The field of mental retardation is proving a fruitful source of knowledge gained from this new perspective. In mental retardation facilities, clinicians must always consider prevention and habilitation as well as the management of acute episodes. The impact of relatives, ward morale, sanitation, state politics, and other environmental factors is inescapable. Limited resources in the face of great and complex needs force clinicians to be strategic and cost-effective in treatment planning. <i>Care of the Mentally Retarded</i>was written by a nurse for nurses. The author does not intend exhaustive exposition of any subject, yet she covers the field
Cutaneous Lesions in Diffuse Large-B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: P Paredi, O Pierluigi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and multiple pruritic erythematous nodules and plaques on his left shoulder, one of which contained two central ulcers (Panel A). Physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis of lymphoma, suggested initially by fine-needle aspiration biopsy of one of the skin lesions, was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded sections of a cervical lymph node. It showed positive staining of the tumor cells with CD20 and CD79a, two cell markers of a B-cell immunophenotype (Panel B, ×400), according to the alkaline phosphatase anti–alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. . . .
Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in risk of sudden infant death syndrome, other causes of infant mortality, and stillbirth in Scotland: population based study
Authors: A. M. Wood, D. Pasupathy, J. P. Pell, M. Fleming, G. C. S. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objectives</b> To compare changes in inequalities in sudden infant death syndrome with other causes of infant mortality and stillbirth in Scotland, 1985-2008. <b>Design</b> Retrospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Scotland 1985-2008, analysed by four epochs of six years. <b>Participants</b> Singleton births of infants with birth weight &gt;500 g born at 28-43 weeks' gestation. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Sudden infant death syndrome, other causes of postneonatal infant death, neonatal death, and stillbirth. Odds ratios expressed as the association across the range of seven categories of Carstairs deprivation score. <b>Results</b> The association between deprivation and the risk of all cause stillbirth and infant death varied between the four epochs (P=0.04). This was wholly explained by variation in the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (P&lt;0.001 for interaction). Among women living in areas of low deprivation, there was a sharp decline in the rate of sudden infant death syndrome from 1990 to 1993. Among women living in areas of high deprivation, there was a slower decline in sudden infant death syndrome rates between 1992 and 2004. Consequently, the odds ratio for the association between socioeconomic deprivation and sudden infant death syndrome increased from 2.04 (95% confidence interval 1.53 to 2.72) in 1985-90, to 7.52 (4.62 to 12.25) in 1991-6, and 9.50 (5.46 to 16.53) in 1997-2002 but fell to 1.78 (0.87 to 3.65) in 2002-8. The interaction remained significant after adjustment for maternal characteristics. <b>Conclusion</b> The rate of sudden infant death syndrome declined throughout Scotland in the early 1990s. The decline had a later onset and was slower among women living in areas of high deprivation, probably because of slower uptake of recommended changes in infant sleeping position. The effect was to create a strong independent association between deprivation and sudden infant death syndrome where one did not exist before.
Familial massive tendon xanthomatosis with decreased high-density lipoprotein–mediated cholesterol efflux
Authors: Fumihiko Matsuura, Ken-ichi Hirano, Masahiro Koseki, Tohru Ohama, Akifumi Matsuyama, Ken-ichi Tsujii, Ryutaro Komuro, Makoto Nishida, Naohiko Sakai, Hisatoyo Hiraoka, Tadashi Nakamura, Shizuya Yamashita
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Primary and preschool immunisation in Grampian: progress and the 1990 contract.
Authors: L. D. Ritchie, A. F. Bisset, D. Russell, V. Leslie, I. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To examine changes in immunisation performance in Grampian region after the introduction of the 1990 contract for general practitioners. DESIGN--Retrospective descriptive study using data held on the Grampian immunisation record system9s computer. SETTING--All 95 general practices in Grampian region (313 general practitioners). PATIENTS--All children in the primary immunisation and preschool booster age groups. This formed two groups of children for each of the four calendar quarters of 1990 and first three quarters of 1991 analysed as (a) those aged 2 years on the first day of the relevant quarter and (b) those aged 5 years on the first day of the relevant quarter, with an average population of 6600 and 6400 respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Percentage immunised by practice. RESULTS--For primary immunisation the number of practices achieving immunisation rates of at least 95% increased from 29 (31%) to 76 (81%), and practices achieving 90% rates rose from 69 (73%) to 87 (93%). For preschool boosters, the number of practices achieving at least 95% immunisation rates increased from 22 (23%) to 61 (64%). By the end of September 1991, 76 (80%) practices were achieving at least 90% levels compared with 36 (39%) at the beginning of 1990. Since the beginning of 1989 the proportion of immunisations not given by general practitioners declined from 14% to 2%. CONCLUSIONS--Primary and preschool immunisation rates for preschool children in Grampian showed a sustained improvement during 1990 and consolidation in 1991. Although overall trends were unchanged, 18 months after the introduction of the 1990 contract only one practice failed to meet lower target levels of 70% for both primary and preschool immunisation. By September 1991 more than three out of four practices had reached levels of at least 95% for primary immunisation.
Anti-angiogenic compound (TNP-470) inhibits mesangial cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Masashi Haraguchi, Mikio Okamura, Masayo Konishi, Yoshio Konishi, Nobuo Negoro, Takatoshi Inoue, Yoshiharu Kanayama, Junichi Yoshikawa
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
The Effects of the Natriuretic Factor from Uremic Urine on Sodium Transport, Water and Electrolyte Content, and Pyruvate Oxidation by the Isolated Toad Bladder
Authors: Michael A. Kaplan, Jacques J. Bourgoignie, Jeffrey Rosecan, Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The urine of patients with chronic uremia contains a gel filtration fraction that is natriuretic in the rat. The effects of this fraction on the isolated urinary bladder of the toad were examined in the present studies. When added to the serosal surface of the bladder, a significant and substantial fall in short-circuit current and potential difference was observed. The changes began after a lag period of at least 10 min and continued over a period of 60 min. The decrease in short-circuit current at the end of 1 h averaged 44%. The same fraction from the urine of normal subjects produced no significant change in either short-circuit current or potential difference. When the isolated epithelial cells from the toad bladder were incubated in the presence of the inhibitor, intracellular sodium content increased significantly. There was no change in intracellular water content; hence the intracellular concentration of sodium increased by a mean of 7 meq/liter. The changes in intracellular potassium content and concentration were not satistically significant. When the isolated epithelia were incubated with the uremic factor, there was also a significant decrease in pyruvate utilization in relation to cells from paired hemibladders incubated in the absence of the fraction. The fraction from normal subjects produced no change in either intracellular sodium content or pyruvate oxidation. The results suggest that the inhibitor acts from the serosal surface, inhibits sodium transport across the serosal barrier, and produces a decrease in substrate utilization in association with the change in transepithelial sodium transport.
Abstract 4933: Expression of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is frequently suppressed by promoter hypermethylation in human gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers
Authors: Akihiro Yamamura, Koh Miura, Hideaki Karasawa, Keiko Abe, Yasuhiko Mizuguchi, Guo Jin, Zhaodi Gu, Shinichi Fukushige, Naoyuki Kaneko, Makoto Kinouchi, Toshinori Ando, Nobuki Yazaki, Naoki Tanaka, Tomohiko Sase, Chikashi Shibata, Iwao Sasaki, Akira Horii
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract It is well known that inactivation of tumor suppressor gene (TSG) by promoter hypermethylation plays an important role during the development and progression of cancer. NDRG2 (N-myc downstream regulated gene 2) is considered to be one of the candidate TSGs. Significant down-regulation in various human cancers were observed, but the molecular mechanisms of reduced expression and the ways to carcinogenesis are largely not well understood. To elucidate the mechanisms in expressional suppression of NDRG2, we studied the methylation status of the putative promoter region in this gene. NDRG2 has two promoters; we first found that the mRNA transcription predominantly starts from the promoter containing exon 1b in organs of the digestive system. Then the expression level of NDRG2 was analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR using 20 colorectal, 6 gastric, and 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines; many cell lines showed reduced expression. Bisulfite modification followed by nucleotide sequencing analyses in the putative promoter region revealed that the methylation status correlated with the suppressed expression. We extended our analysis to the primary tumors by immunohistochemical examination to elucidate clinical significance of suppressed expression of NDRG2 in tumorigenesis; matched normal and cancerous tissues from cancer patients with digestive system were analyzed and observed suppressed expression of NDRG2 in 19 of 20 colorectal, 8 of 10 gastric, and 85 of 86 pancreatic cancer specimens. We then designed a set of primer pairs for methylation specific PCR and examined the relationship between expression level of NDRG2 and promoter hypermethylation in resected primary tumor specimens. Association between methylation status and clinicopathologic features are now studied and the newly obtained results will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4933.
Smoking and Pregnancy
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Smoking and Pregnancy Smoking cigarettes causes many health problems, including cancers, heart disease, and lung disease.When a pregnant woman smokes, she puts herself and her baby at risk.Because the fetus, a developing infant in the mother' s uterus (womb), is in contact with the mother' s bloodstream, any chemicals the mother breathes or ingests can affect the fetus.This includes tobacco smoke coming from the mother' s smoking or inhaling smoke in the environment (also known as second-hand smoke).The March 9, 2005, issue of JAMA includes an article about the harm that smoking during pregnancy can cause.
A Prospective, Molecular Epidemiology Study of EGFR Mutations in Asian Patients with Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer of Adenocarcinoma Histology (PIONEER)
Authors: Yuankai Shi, Joseph Siu-Kie Au, Sumitra Thongprasert, Sankar Srinivasan, Chun-Ming Tsai, Mai Trong Khoa, Karin Heeroma, Yohji Itoh, Gerardo Cornelio, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

PIONEER (NCT01185314) was a prospective, multinational, epidemiological study of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in patients from Asia with newly diagnosed advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
Abstract 2625: Proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib increases anti-cancer activity of novel anti-inflammatory anti-androgen Compound A
Authors: Alexander Yemelyanov, Irina Budunova
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Signaling by the steroid hormone receptors plays a pivotal role in the development of prostate cancer. Androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) promote prostate tumorigenesis. In contrast, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) plays tumor suppressive role in the prostate. The major molecular mechanisms underlying GR anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects are similar and based on GR transrepression that involves negative interaction between GR and other transcription factors. We anticipated that anti-inflammatory anti-androgens hold a great potential for prostate cancer treatment. Thus, we identified the potential AR/GR ligands with this functional profile by screening of selective GR activators (SEGRA) recently synthesized in USA and Europe as anti-inflammatory GR ligands with reduced side effects. The lead identified compound is Compound A (CpdA), a synthetic analogue of a hydroxyphenyl aziridine precursor isolated from the Namibian shrub Salsola Botschantzev. We and others showed that CpdA inhibits AR function, prevents GR dimerization and transactivation, but strongly enhances GR transrepression. It is known that proteasome inhibitors tightly control GR and AR degradation and function. We show here that the exposure of prostate cancer cells expressing endogenous AR and GR to proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (BZ) resulted in strong degradation of AR and accumulation of GR. The androgen DHT prevented AR destabilization induced by BZ. In contrast to androgen, CpdA cooperated with BZ to decrease AR expression and function. In addition, BZ modified the functional profile of GR in a ligand-dependent fashion. In the presence of GR modulator CpdA, BZ did not induce GR transactivation but augmented CpdA effect on GR transrepression measured by the inhibition of several transcription factors such as NF-kB, AP-1 and STAT1. Finally we revealed a strong cooperation between CpdA and BZ in activation of apoptosis and endoplasmic reticular stress in prostate cancer cells. Overall, our data suggest that combination of BZ with steroid receptor modulators such as CpdA, has a high potential for PC therapy. Work is supported by RO1CA118890 (to IB) and ACS IL grant #160185 (to AY). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2625.
An Empirical Approach for Testing the Hypothesis of &amp;lsquo;Alexithymia&amp;rsquo;
Authors: S. Zepf, R. Liedtke, U. Berns, M. Arnold, C. Hartmann, C. Wagner
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Based on Lorenzer's studies on language, symbol formation and interaction, the acquisition of language of psychosomatic patients is described. The empirical approach deals with that certain type of language lacking emotion and subjective connotations. A method – consisting of a twofold association experiment, a conditioning and a test experiment – was developed to prove whether this phenomenon is specific to psychosomatic disorders.
Lamer quits as chairman of <i>CMAJ</i> governance panel
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Unspecified and unforeseen health problems have forced Mr Justice Antonio Lamer, formerly of the Canadian Supreme Court, to resign as chairman of the CMAJ 's governance review panel. The Canadian Medical Association's journal had set up the panel after two top editors were sacked, in what many saw as a dispute over editorial independence ( BMJ 2006;332: 503).

“This is not a decision I took lightly, but it was the only one available to me. Fortunately, if anyone understands the importance of putting health first, it's the doctors of Canada. I would like to wish the members of the panel well in their work, and I trust my announcement will not delay their …
Recognition and Management of Discord Within House Staff Teams
Authors: Michael S. Jellinek
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A WELL-FUNCTIONING house staff team is essential to inpatient care and teaching. The skills of working together and team management are not taught directly but are handed down through the house staff or learned by identification with members of the faculty. Although these indirect methods of teaching are often sufficient, they do not address important affective issues such as team morale or interpersonal tension. Under stressful circumstances the level of tension within a team can rise, causing individuals to feel angry and impairing the team's ability to function. The observations presented in this study are based on numerous consultations to intensive care and other teams in distress and weekly rounds that have included approximately 100 senior pediatric residents leading teams. House staff teams commonly try to avoid acknowledging when stress or interpersonal tensions become discord. Often, conflict can be a well-kept secret. Although nursing staff are aware of the hostility
Renal Tubular Secretion of Digoxin
Authors: EVA STEINESS
Journal: Circulation (1974)

To study the mechanism of the renal handling of digoxin, simultaneous measurements of digoxin and inulin clearances were performed in 13 digitalized patients with congestive heart disease. The renal digoxin clearances exceeded inulin clearances, indicating an active tubular secretion of digoxin. No evidence of tubular backward diffusion was disclosed. Treatment with spironolactone (Aldactone) decreased the digoxin clearances, suggesting an inhibition of the tubular secretion of digoxin in the distal segment of the renal tubulus. After blocking the tubular secretion, the calculated renal clearances of nonproteinbound digoxin in plasma were similar to that of inulin, suggesting a glomerular filtration of free plasma digoxin. Plasma digoxin level rose during treatment with spironolactone.
Cryoglobulinaemia in Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
Authors: M Garcia-Fuentes, C Chantler, D G Williams
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Sera from patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura were examined for cryoglobulinaemia. Thirty patients had acute Henoch-Schönlein purpura, with or without renal diseas; 14 had chronic nephritis after a previous episode of purpura; and 17 were well, without urinary abnormalities, after recovering from Henoch-Schönlen purpura. Raised concentrations of cryoglobulins were present in 14 (47%) of those with acute purpura, nine (64%) of those with chronic nephritis, but none of those who had recovered completely from Henoch-Schönlein purpura. This suggests that acute Henoch-Schönlein purpura and the chronic nephritis that sometimes follows it have an immune-complex pathogenesis. IgA and properdin were found in several cryoglobulins, which suggested that complement had been activated via the alternative pathway, but isolated cryoglobulins capable of splitting C3 in vitro did so via the classical pathway.
174. Process Development of a Scaleable Purification Protocol for the Production of Reolysin, an Oncolytic, Reovirus-Based Therapeutic
Authors: Sibylle U. Herzer, Bergvall Peder, Lemmens Raf, Coffey Matt, Moore M. Peter
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Reovirus is an enterovirus that specifically infects cells with an activated ras-pathway. As the activation of the ras-pathway is a common denominator in a wide variety of cancer types, reovirus serotype 3 has been shown to cause regression in a variety of tumors in cell line, animal models as well as in the clinic. To meet the demands of producing infectious virus at large scale for clinical phase II/III trials a filtration and chromatography based approach was developed. We report here the development of a fully scaleable process for the purification of active virus from cell culture. The three step process consists of ultrafiltration, anion exchange purification and group separation into formulation buffer. The process was scaled-up to a 20 liter bioreactor scale and transferred to production in a GMP facility. The overall recovery of the process is >50% and the final purity matches material produced by two sequential cesium chloride centrifugation steps.
Today I Saw
Authors: Barbara Fleming-Phillips
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Leukaemias and Reticuloses with Uracil Mustard
Authors: J. F. Wilkinson, M. S. Bourne, M. C. G. Israels
Journal: BMJ (1963)

It is 25 years since one of us (Wilkinson and Fletcher, 1947) began to use the nitrogen mustards, tri-(2-chlorethyl)amine hydrochloride (C1.CH2.CH2)3N HC1 and methyl -di -(2 -chlorethyl)amine hydrochloride, CH3 (C1.CH2.CH2)2N HCl, intravenously in the treatment of
Lactobezoar
Authors: Richard S. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE USE OF a powdered milk formula requires the mother to mix the powder with a predetermined amount of water. Several patients have been seen recently for whom the formula was mixed improperly, in a too concentrated manner. After the infants had been fed this mixture for a time, a protein-mass was formed in the stomach. This foreign body has been termed "lactobezoar." One patient, previously reported,<sup>1</sup>presented with an abdominal mass, and, without further work-up, exploratory laparotomy was done with removal of a bezoar through a gastrotomy. (The patient had been thought to have a renal tumor. ) More recently, a child was admitted with a history of diarrhea and vomiting. Because of the rather characteristic appearance of the bezoar on the x-ray, the history was more thoroughly investigated, and it was discovered that the patient had, indeed, been taking a concentrated formula. Another case was found radiologically, but