tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Balanced Budget Act of 1997: Its Impact on U.S. Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Robert Dickler, Gina Shaw
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 had a profound impact on the financing and organization of many health care services. The Act disproportionately affected U.S. teaching hospitals, leading to substantial budget reductions in many institutions and the threat of cuts in major programs and services that teaching hospitals provide to communities. This paper examines the overall financial and organizational impact of the Balanced Budget Act on teaching hospitals and considers its effect on residency education. It also discusses to what degree the Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 will mitigate these effects and posits other solutions to the serious financial issues facing teaching hospitals in the United States.
Implications of Low Diagnostic Reproducibility of Cervical Cytologic and Histologic Diagnoses
Authors: Suzanne M. Selvaggi
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Norethisterone jaundice in two sisters.
Authors: B. N. Somayaji, A. Paton, J. H. Price, A. W. Harris, T. H. Flewett
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Intrahepatic cholestasis is manifested by an obstructive type jaundice but the exact mechanism which cause failure of bilirubin secretion because of drugs is not known.  It is recognized as a benign complication of oral contraceptive agents.  This paper describes the case report of 2 sisters who were using contraceptive agents where the common component was norethisterone.  Both sisters were well built with auburn hair and hazel eyes.  Both were 0 rhesus -positive.  In each case pruritis was severe and the most unbearable symptom.  It was treated successfully with intravenous ACTH and oral prednisone and the itching was relieved but the jaundice continued over many months.  One sister had severe pruritis during the latter part of her 3 pregnancies.  The mother of these women had no problems during her 3 pregnancies.  The other sister in this family was taking Anovlar 21 which she had used for 2 years without problems.  This sister presented a totally different physical appearance and is A rhesus-positive.  The strong similiarity between these 2 sisters and their common reaction to this steroid causes speculation that the jaundice may be due to a genetic abnormality and possibly a single enzyme defect.
EARLY SENILE DEMENTIA IN MONGOLOID IDIOCY
Authors: GEORGE A. JERVIS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

In 3 mongoloid patients aged respectively 47, 42, and 37 years, personality changes and mental deterioration were observed. Pathologically, evidence of senile changes was obtained consisting of degeneration of neurons, numerous senile plaques, and Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes. With the exception of the age of onset, the clinical and pathological manifestations are those of senile dementia. Since mongoloid patients show a marked tendency to develop this type of reaction, it is suggested that the study of it offers some information which may contribute to a better understanding of the causes of senile dementia.
Abstract LB-338: Increased apoptosis and p53 expression in sclerotome of COX-2 transgenic embryo
Authors: Minsub Shim, Julie Foley, Colleen Anna, Yuji Mishina, Thomas E. Eling
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cyclooxygenases (COXs) have important functions in various physiological and pathological processes. COX-2 expression is highly induced by a variety of stimuli and is observed during certain periods of embryonic development. We examined the direct effect of COX-2 expression on embryonic development using a novel COX-2 transgenic mouse model which ubiquitously expresses human COX-2 from the early stages of embryonic development. COX-2 transgenic fetuses exhibit severe skeletal malformations and die shortly after birth. Skeletal malformations are localized along the entire vertebral column and rib cage and are linked to defective formation of cartilage anlagen. The cartilage anlagen of axial skeleton fail to properly develop in transgenic embryos because of impaired pre-cartilaginous sclerotomal condensation, which results from the reduction of cell number in the sclerotome. Despite the ubiquitous expression of COX-2, the number of apoptotic cells is highly increased in the sclerotome of transgenic embryos, but not in other tissues, suggesting that it is a tissue-specific response. Therefore, the loss of sclerotomal cells due to an increased apoptosis is likely responsible for axial skeletal malformations in transgenic fetuses. In addition, the sclerotomal accumulation of p53 protein is observed in transgenic embryos. Our result suggests that COX-2 signaling may act upstream of p53 and positively regulate the level of p53. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-338.
Predictors of Serum Dioxins and PCBs among Peripubertal Russian Boys
Authors: Jane S. Burns, Paige L. Williams, Oleg Sergeyev, Susan Korrick, Mary M. Lee, Boris Revich, Larisa Altshul, Donald G. Patterson, Wayman E. Turner, Larry L. Needham, Igor Saharov, Russ Hauser
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Although sources and routes of exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been studied, information regarding exposure among children is limited. Breast-feeding and diet are two important contributors to early life exposure. To further understand other significant contributors to childhood exposure, we studied a cohort of children from a city with high environmental dioxin levels.We investigated predictors of serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)/co-planar PCBs (C-PCBs), toxic equivalents (TEQs), and PCBs among 8- to 9-year-old boys in Chapaevsk, Russia.We used general linear regression models to explore associations of log(10)-transformed serum concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs/C-PCBs, TEQs, and PCBs at study entry with anthropometric, demographic, geographic, and dietary factors in 482 boys in Chapaevsk, Russia.The median (25th, 75th percentile) concentration for total 2005 TEQs was 21.1 pg/g lipid (14.4, 33.2). Boys who were older, consumed local foods, were breast-fed longer, and whose mothers were employed at the Khimprom chemical plant (where chlorinated chemicals were produced) or gardened locally had significantly higher serum dioxins and PCBs, whereas boys with higher body mass index or more educated parents had significantly lower serum dioxins and PCBs. Boys who lived < 2 km from Khimprom had higher total TEQs (picograms per gram lipid) [adjusted mean = 30.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 26.8-35.0] than boys who lived > 5 km away (adjusted mean = 18.8; 95% CI, 17.2-20.6).Our findings suggest that there are specific local sources of dioxin and PCB exposure among children in Chapaevsk including maternal gardening, consumption of locally grown food, and residential proximity to the Khimprom plant.
A PLEA FOR THE STUDY OF BACTERIOLOGY BY THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER: Being the Chairman's Address to the Swansea Division, British Medical Association
Authors: J. A. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1907)

BACTIA.-are classified according to.their shape Into: 1. Cooci.o-r-spheres,.and these may exist singly or in patr% In Jours In -chains, or in cluntersj.hencethe names diplooeci, streptococci, staphylococcl, ete.2:, .&wliare rod-like bodies.Sp irnlla are.twisted like corkscrews&All, these are members of the.vegetable kingdm and.belong to the lowestiorder of-planta; they are reaUlyfuvgi, *zd, cansiabof tprtoplasm enclosed -in a deinite.. mem-.brane ol cellulose.resembling in, character, theI woody iLbue of.trees.They multiply by-:f1sion,e&ah lIndividWul _le dividing Iitox two,.and the two Aaughter cells take the ploe of the
Electron-Beam Sterilized Hemodialyzers and Thrombocytopenia—Reply
Authors: Mercedeh Kiaii
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physiological and Hemodynamic Evaluation of Nonuniform Direct Cardiac Compression
Authors: J. H. Artrip, G.-H. Yi, H. R. Levin, D. Burkhoff, J. Wang
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Biventricular direct cardiac compression (DCC) has the potential to support the failing heart without the complications associated with a blood/device interface encountered with the use of current ventricular assist devices. A clinically designed DCC device that provides compression pressure around the base of the heart in synchrony with native ventricular contractions was evaluated with the use of an ex vivo and in vivo canine model of heart failure.The device was tested over a series of ventricular preloads with the use of an ex vivo canine heart preparation and computerized afterload system that mimicked the conditions of heart failure. The end-systolic pressure-volume relation of the left and right ventricles was shifted upward in parallel by DCC, with the magnitude of the shift averaging 40% of the device compression pressure. The device was tested in vivo with the use of a canine model of acute ischemic heart failure in which graded reductions in ventricular function were created through serial coronary artery embolizations. Under the most severe condition of heart failure, DCC improved cardiac output (CO) by 104% (0.80+/-0.33 to 1.63+/-0.40 L/min) and mean arterial pressure by 95% (45.6+/-11 to 89.0+/-18.2 mm Hg). The CO was typically restored to approximately 60% of the normal baseline value, despite attempts to further increase CO by increasing the amount or duration of compression pressure.Nonuniform DCC significantly improves the left and right ventricular pressure-generating capability and, in the setting of acute heart failure, can increase CO and mean arterial pressure. Such DCC devices can potentially avoid the complications associated with currently available ventricular support devices that involve a blood/device interface.
Conditions at Afghan prison violate human rights, report says
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The appalling conditions in an Afghan prison near Mazar-i-Sharif violate international standards for the treatment of prisoners, says a report from Physicians for Human Rights.

Up to 3500 Pakistani and Afghan Taliban fighters are being held at Shebarghan prison, which is severely overcrowded. Cells built to house 10-15 prisoners now contain 80-110 men. The water supply is unclean, the food inadequate, the sanitation non-existent, and prisoners are exposed to the winter cold.

A three member delegation from Physicians for Human Rights has just returned …
Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in a Population-Based Sample of Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Trang T. Ly, Patricia H. Gallego, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and clinical associations of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in a population-based sample of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A validated questionnaire was administered to 656 patients with type 1 diabetes over a 6-month period to determine hypoglycemia awareness status. Case ascertainment was 79% of the clinic population. The rate of severe hypoglycemia was determined by data collected prospectively in the preceding year. RESULTS Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia was present in 29% of patients. Patients with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia had an earlier onset of diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.001), were younger (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and had lower mean levels of A1C since diabetes onset (P = 0.006) and at their last visit (P = 0.001). The overall rate of severe hypoglycemia was 24.5 episodes per 100 patient-years in the preceding year. The severe hypoglycemia rate was higher in those with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (37.1 vs. 19.3 episodes per 100 patient-years, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Among patients aged &amp;lt;6 years (n = 46), 59% of care providers reported impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, and the rate of severe hypoglycemia was significantly higher in those reporting impaired awareness (33.3 vs. 52 episodes per 100 patient-years, P = 0.02). More patients with recurrent hypoglycemia reported impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (47 vs. 28%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. Screening for impaired awareness is an important component of routine diabetes care and can identify patients at increased risk of a severe hypoglycemic event.
Comparison of postpacing and exercise-induced myocardial dysfunction during collateral development in conscious dogs.
Authors: T Kumada, K P Gallagher, A Battler, F White, W S Kemper, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1982)

In 10 conscious dogs, a model was developed for studying regional contractile responses in a coronary collateral-dependent bed. Regional myocardial function was compared after terminating a maximum paced rate of 240 beats/min maintained for 3 minutes (postpacing period) with that during telemetry-monitored exercise at comparable heart rates (average 252 +/- 34 beats/min, duration 2.4 minutes) at different times during collateral development. Ultrasonic dimension gauges were used to measure control and ischemic segment (CS and IS) lengths and ischemic zone regional wall thickness (IW). An ameroid constrictor and a Doppler flow probe were placed around the left circumflex coronary artery, and pacing electrodes were sutured to the right ventricle. An average of 23 days postoperatively, coronary obstruction was complete. Studies at that time showed that percent shortening (% delta L) of IS and percent wall thickening (% delta W) of IW decreased after pacing to 57% and 35% of control, respectively, and during exercise to 37% of control. One week later (average 30 days postoperatively), significant depression of regional function no longer occurred postpacing. However, exercise at a comparable heart rate still provoked regional dysfunction in the collateral-dependent zone: Both IS% delta L and IW% delta W decreased to 51% of control. Regional function at rest did not differ during these studies. Thus, the effectiveness of the postpacing response for detecting limited collateral reserve was eliminated by further collateral development, but regional myocardial dysfunction during exercise stress served to detect ischemia despite increased collateral circulation.
Cholangiocarcinoma and its management
Authors: S A Khan, A Miras, M Pelling, S D Taylor-Robinson
Journal: Gut (2007)

This is an introduction to the Gut tutorial “Cholangiocarcinoma and its management” hosted on BMJ Learning—the best available learning website for medical professionals from the BMJ Group.

Cholangiocarcinoma originates in the biliary epithelium. Mortality rates from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma appear to have risen steadily over the past 30 years and it now causes more deaths than hepatocellular carcinoma annually in England and Wales. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is the commonest known predisposing factor for …
U19/Eaf2 Binds to and Stabilizes von Hippel-Lindau Protein
Authors: Wuhan Xiao, Junkui Ai, Geoffrey Habermacher, Olga Volpert, Ximing Yang, Ai-yuan Zhang, Junghyun Hahn, Xiaoyan Cai, Zhou Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Studies have firmly established a key regulatory role for the tumor suppressor pVHL in the regulation of the vascular system and normal spermatogenesis. Here, we report that knockout of the newly identified tumor suppressor U19/Eaf2 also caused vascular system abnormalities and aspermatogenesis, suggesting a potential link between U19/Eaf2 and pVHL. Coimmunoprecipitation and in vitro binding assays showed an association between U19/Eaf2 and pVHL, whereas deletion mutagenesis revealed the requirement of the NH(2) terminus of U19/Eaf2 and both the alpha and beta domains of pVHL for this binding. U19/Eaf2 stabilizes pVHL, as shown by protein stability and pulse-chase studies. Testes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) derived from U19/Eaf2 knockout mice expressed reduced levels of pVHL, indicating that full in vivo expression of pVHL indeed requires U19/Eaf2. As expected, U19/Eaf2 knockout MEF cells exhibited an increased level and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha), a protein typically regulated via a pVHL-mediated degradation pathway. Furthermore, angiogenesis in a Matrigel plug assay was significantly increased in U19/Eaf2 knockout mice. The above observations argue that U19/Eaf2 can modulate HIF1alpha and angiogenesis, possibly via direct binding and stabilization of pVHL.
Towards Smart Tattoos: Implantable Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Yun Jung Heo, Shoji Takeuchi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Diabetes can strike at any age, from childhood to adulthood, and lasts a lifetime. Thus, it is important to find ways to increase the quality of life for diabetic patients through intensive, continuous care of blood glucose concentrations. Glucose biosensors that are implanted under the skin are promising for continuous glucose monitoring because they can constantly read blood glucose concentrations and signal a warning in case of hypo‐ or hyperglycemia. The demand for subcutaneous glucose biosensors has led to the development of many glucose‐sensing principles and sensor designs. This Review covers the effort to develop subcutaneous glucose biosensors, including the glucose‐sensing principles, and discusses their current status for in vivo monitoring. In addition, the Review examines the future prospects for intensive diabetes care.
Serum Hepatitis Presenting as Sudden Loss of Consciousness
Authors: J. R. Bennett, W. V. Hoff
Journal: BMJ (1965)

will give a better idea of the degree of humoral stimulation of erythropoiesis than measuring the plasma erythropoietin level.When we want to compare from one laboratory to another the amount of erythropoietin found in the urine in different diseases, the method of concentration must be taken into
Empyema and mediastinitis complicating retropharyngeal abscess.
Authors: M Watanabe, Y Ohshika, T Aoki, K Takagi, S Tanaka, T Ogata
Journal: Thorax (1994)

A 21 year old man with a retropharyngeal abscess complained of right sided chest pain, and chest radiography and thoracocentesis revealed an empyema. A computed tomographic scan of the chest showed a posterior mediastinal abscess communicating with the right pleural cavity. Emergency thoracotomy was performed and the mediastinal abscess and empyema were drained.
Relationships Between Disease Activity and Serum and Fecal Biomarkers in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Jennifer Jones, Edward V. Loftus, Remo Panaccione, Li–Sheng Chen, Sandra Peterson, Joseph Mcconnell, Linnea Baudhuin, Karen Hanson, Brian G. Feagan, Scott W. Harmsen, Alan R. Zinsmeister, Emelie Helou, William J. Sandborn
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)
THE BACTERIOLOGIC CONTAMINATION AND THE PRESERVATION OF VACCINE LYMPH—GLYCERIN AS A BACTERICIDE.
Authors: GEO. H. WEAVER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The present communication is the outcome of observations made during the past two years, at the request of vaccine propagators, regarding the best methods of preserving vaccine lymph. It is our purpose to refer briefly to the contaminations by bacteria occurring in bovine vaccine lymph with their effects and to the measures which have been found useful in preserving the virus. No reference will be made to humanized lymph, as the danger of syphilitic infection through its use has practically stopped its employment. The bacterial contaminations may be divided into two classes: The saprophytes or non-pathogenic, and the parasites or disease-producing. The former are of moment, because by their presence and growth the virus is decomposed and by some at least is robbed of its specific property. The pathogenic variety may cause various disease processes in the human subject when virus containing them is employed for vaccination. Abundant observations have
Trajectories of Health for Older Adults over Time: Accounting Fully for Death
Authors: Paula Diehr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

The process of healthy aging can best be described by plotting the trajectory of health-related variables over time. Unfortunately, graphs including data only from survivors may be misleading because they may confuse patterns of mortality with patterns of change in health. Two approaches for creating graphs that account for death in such situations are 1) to incorporate a category or value for death into the longitudinal health variable and 2) to measure time in years before death or some other event. The first approach has been applied to self-rated health (excellent to poor) and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). It allows for flexible and interpretable analyses and may be appropriate for other variables as well. The second approach also accounts fully for death, but the questions it can address are limited. Both approaches are useful and should be used at a minimum for supporting analyses in longitudinal studies in which persons die during observation.