tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Levels of the Cytokines IL-5, IL-13 and Rantes in Nasal Lavage Fluids Parallel the Cytokine Content of Nasal Polyps in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP)
Authors: Christopher Ocampo, Lydia Suh, Robert Kern, Atsushi Kato, David Conley, Rakesh Chandra, Bruce Tan, James Norton, Anju Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)

There is prominent nasal polyp (NP) tissue eosinophilia in the majority of CRSwNP patients. We assessed if there is a concordance in levels of several eosinophil attracting cytokines between nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and NP tissue extracts. Luminex assays were utilized to measure IL-5, IL-13, RANTES, and Eotaxin-1 protein from NLF and uncinate tissue (UT) and NP extracts obtained from control subjects and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and CRSwNP. IL-5 and IL-13 were elevated in NLF from CRSwNP patients (IL-5: 2.7x controls, p=0.0162; 3.5x CRSsNP, p=0.0213; IL-13: 1.4x controls, p=0.0094; 2.2x CRSsNP, p=0.0079). IL-5 was elevated in NP compared to UT from all three groups respectively (12x control UT, p<0.0001; 8.5x CRSsNP UT, p=0.0002; 1.9x CRSwNP UT, p=0.0053). IL-13 was elevated in NP compared to control UT (8x, p<0.0001) and CRSsNP UT (6.1x, p=0.0009). In contrast, RANTES was decreased in CRSwNP NLF (0.1x controls, p<0.0001; 0.3x CRSsNP, p=0.05), and NP (0.6x control UT, p=0.027; 0.5x CRSsNP UT, p=0.037; 0.5x CRSwNP UT, p=0.021). Eotaxin-1 was not elevated in NLF from CRSwNP patients, but was elevated in NP compared to control UT (2.8x, p=0.03) and CRSwNP UT (2.9x, p=0.01). NLF concentrations of IL-5, IL-13 and RANTES appear to be representative of their content in polyp tissue. Interestingly, RANTES was decreased in both compartments, indicating it may not play a role in NP eosinophilia. Eotaxin-1 was elevated in NP but not in NLF, suggesting that it may play a role in polyp eosinophilia but not transepithelial migration of eosinophils.
Outpatient large volume paracentesis in cirrhotic patients with tenseascites: Safety and cost compared with an inpatient schedule
Authors: M. Planella, X. Torras, L. Kolle, X. Cussó, J.M. Dedéu, J. Miñana, C. Gómez, G. Soriano, C. Guarner, J. Balanzó
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Tomorrow's challenge in liver transplantation: diminishing the imbalance between donor organ availability and need
Authors: E M YOSHIDA, S W CHUNG
Journal: Gut (1998)

Dermatitis herpetiformis and cigarette smokingEDITOR,-Some time ago a study by Snook and colleagues (Gut 1996;39:60-2) found cigarette smoking to be less prevalent among those with coeliac disease.This prompted Lear and colleagues (Gut 1997;40:289) to evaluate smoking status in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), an autoimmune blistering skin disease that also presents with a gluten sensitive enteropathy.They found that 29 patients with DH were significantly less likely to be smokers than matched and unmatched controls.As we also have a large population of patients with DH, we did a preliminary review of our existing database to evaluate smoking status in these patients.A review of over 200 patient charts with biopsy confirmed DH (granular IgA in papillary dermis) revealed smoking information on 105 patients.Fifteen of these patients were less than 20 years of age at disease onset and thus were eliminated from the study, leaving 90 evaluable patients.Of these patients eight (8.9%) were smokers, whereas 17.1% of the Utah population aged 20 years or older are smokers, 1 thus confirming the findings of Lear et al that patients with DH are less likely to be smokers than those in the general population.The reasons for this finding are not fully clear.It is well known that cigarette smoking adversely aVects the skin, although a few conditions have been reported where smoking may have a beneficial eVect. 2 Likewise, when it comes to the gastrointestinal tract, smoking may have adverse eVects in the case of Crohn's disease, yet beneficial eVects in ulcerative colitis. 3 How do we explain this apparent beneficial eVect of smoking when it comes to DH?It is likely that the immunosuppressive eVects of smoking play a role in this autoimmune disease, yet there are other autoimmune skin diseases, such as psoriasis, which are made worse and not better by smoking. 4One study found decreased serum IgA in smokers which may also play a role. 5Finally, the well known vasoconstrictive eVects of nicotine could play a role at least in the cutaneous manifestations of DH.As we found our DH patients more likely to be non-smokers, does this mean that if they take up the habit their DH will go away or even improve?We don't know, but it seems unlikely.We also doubt our institutional review board would ever approve a study to find out.This study was a preliminary review and does not prove that being a non-smoker is a risk factor for DH.It may be only one variable of the equation, and other likely much more important confounding factors such as genetics and other environmental factors play a greater role.Further more complete studies are needed to confirm our finding.
Evaluating the effects of endocrine disruptors on endocrine function during development.
Authors: R Bigsby, R E Chapin, G P Daston, B J Davis, J Gorski, L E Gray, K L Howdeshell, R T Zoeller, F S vom Saal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The major concerns with endocrine disruptors in the environment are based mostly on effects that have been observed on the developing embryo and fetus. The focus of the present manuscript is on disruption of three hormonal systems: estrogens, androgens, and thyroid hormones. These three hormonal systems have been well characterized with regard to their roles in normal development, and their actions during development are known to be perturbed by endocrine-disrupting chemicals. During development, organs are especially sensitive to low concentrations of the sex steroids and thyroid hormones. Changes induced by exposure to these hormones during development are often irreversible, in contrast with the reversible changes induced by transient hormone exposure in the adult. Although it is known that there are differences in embryonic/fetal/neonatal versus adult endocrine responses, minimal experimental information is available to aid in characterizing the risk of endocrine disruptors with regard to a number of issues. Issues discussed here include the hypothesis of greater sensitivity of embryos/fetuses to endocrine disruptors, irreversible consequences of exposure before maturation of homeostatic systems and during periods of genetic imprinting, and quantitative information related to the shape of the dose-response curve for specific developmental phenomena.
Cell division autoantigen 1 enhances signaling and the profibrotic effects of transforming growth factor-β in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yugang Tu, Tieqiao Wu, Aozhi Dai, Yen Pham, Phyllis Chew, Judy B. de Haan, Yu Wang, Ban-Hock Toh, Hongjian Zhu, Zemin Cao, Mark E. Cooper, Zhonglin Chai
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
Adenylate cyclase of human fat cell ghosts. Stimulation of enzyme activity by parathyroid hormone.
Authors: H Kather, B Simon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Some of the effects of native bovine parathyroid hormone and of the synthetic aminoterminal 1-34 fragment on the adenylate cyclase activity of human fat cell ghosts were studied. Saturating concentrations of both hormone preparations caused a significant increase of enzyme activity by about 200-300%. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (0.1 mM) inhibited basal enzyme activity but had no substantial effect on parathyroid hormone-stimulated enzyme activity. The guanosine 5'-triphosphate analogue, 5'-guanylyl-imidodiphosphate, produced about a threefold enhancement of basal and parathyroid hormone-stimulated enzyme activities under standard conditions (5 mM Mg+2, 1mM ATP, pH 8.0, 30 degrees C). Activation by parathyroid hormone was not influenced by beta-adrenergic blockade in contrast to stimulation by epinephrine. The sensitivity of the enzyme system to the native and the synthetic parathyroid hormone was, however, abolished after pretreatment of the fat cells with trypsin (1 mg/ml). The stimulatory effects of epinephrine and NaF were not affected by pretreatment with trypsin. The results suggest that human fat cells, like rat adipocytes, contain a multireceptor-coupled adenylate cyclase.
Comparative epidemiologic study of premalignant and malignant epithelial cutaneous lesions developing after kidney and heart transplantation
Authors: Sylvie Euvrard, Jean Kanitakis, Claire Pouteil-Noble, Georges Dureau, Jean Louis Touraine, Michel Faure, Alain Claudy, Jean Thivolet
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON VITAMIN C THERAPY IN EXPERIMENTAL POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Claus W. Jungeblut
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

1. A group of 181 monkeys were infected intracerebrally with amounts of virus ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 cc. of a 10 per cent virus suspension. At different intervals following infection treatment of these animals was begun with daily injections of 5 to 100 mg. of natural vitamin C for a period of 2 weeks. Of 89 monkeys treated on the 1st or 2nd day of infection 26 (29.2 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis; of 53 monkeys treated on the 3rd day of the infection 23 (43.3 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis; of 39 monkeys treated on the 5th day of the infection 9 (23 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis. 2. A group of 101 monkeys were infected intracerebrally with amounts of virus ranging from 0.05 to 0.1 cc. of a 10 per cent virus suspension. At different intervals following infection treatment of these animals was begun with daily injections of 5 to 100 mg. of synthetic vitamin C for a period of 2 weeks. Of 25 monkeys treated on the 1st day of infection 2 (8 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis; of 26 monkeys treated on the 3rd day of the infection 5 (19.2 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis; of 50 monkeys treated on the 4th and 5th day of the infection 4 (8 per cent) survived without showing any evidence of paralysis. 3. The above two groups of treated animals were accompanied by a group of 98 control monkeys which were infected intracerebrally with the same amounts of virus and remained untreated. In this group there were 5 (5.1 per cent) animals which survived without showing any evidence of paralysis. 4. The figures, taken as a whole, show that among 181 monkeys treated with natural vitamin C 58 (32 per cent) survived without paralysis, and among 101 monkeys treated with synthetic vitamin C 11 (10.8 per cent) survived without paralysis. In comparing the percentage of non-paralytic survivors of the two treated groups with that of the untreated controls (5.1 per cent) it is found that about six times as many animals escaped paralysis following treatment with natural vitamin C as did the corresponding controls. In the group of animals treated with synthetic vitamin C, on the other hand, there were only about twice as many non-paralytic survivors as among the controls. 5. The results obtained in this investigation, as far as they are concerned with the therapeutic effect of natural vitamin C in experimental poliomyelitis, are in close agreement with the data previously published.
Toxicogenomics through the eyes of informatics: conference overview and recommendations.
Authors: Kenneth Olden, Neysa Call, Bruno Sobral, Robin Oakes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, in conjunction with National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, hosted a conference, "Toxicogenomics through the Eyes of Informatics," in Bethesda, Maryland, USA, on 12-13 May 2003. Researchers around the world met to discuss how the application of bioinformatics tools, methodologies, and technologies will enhance our understanding of how cells and organisms respond to toxins. Conference topics included statistical methods, quantitative molecular data sets, computational algorithms for data analysis, computational modeling and simulation, challenges and opportunities in computational biology, and information technology infrastructure for data and tool management. This meeting report is a summary of conference presentations, survey results, current toxicogenomics concerns, and future directions of the toxicogenomics community. In conclusion this report discusses toxicogenomics as related to environmental agents, cell-chemical reactions, and gene-environment interactions.
Intrauterine insemination with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation versus expectant management for couples with unexplained subfertility and an intermediate prognosis: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Pieternel Steures, Jan Willem van der Steeg, Peter GA Hompes, J Dik F Habbema, Marinus JC Eijkemans, Frank J Broekmans, Harold R Verhoeve, Patrick MM Bossuyt, Fulco van der Veen, Ben WJ Mol
Journal: The Lancet (2006)
Cardiovascular Interaction of Nicotine, Ergonovine, and Hypercholesterolemia in the Rabbit
Authors: DUANE G. WENZEL, JAMES A. TURNER, SCOTT W. JORDAN, JASBIR SINGH
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

Rabbits were treated with nicotine and a hypercholesterolemic diet for 24 weeks. At the initiation of the experiment and at four-week intervals thereafter, the following functions were measured: peripheral circulation through the use of the thermal circulation index (TCI), systolic blood pressure, and coagulation time. After 24 weeks, the heart and vessels of the hind legs were examined for pathological changes. Throughout the course of the experiment, the peripheral circulation was depressed, the systolic pressure elevated, and the coagulation rate speeded. Peripheral pathological changes were minimal and areas of cardiac necrosis observed in a similar previous study were absent. In order to determine the cause of this apparent discrepancy, a second group of rabbits was then similarly treated except that ergonovine was added to the regimen. The 24-week histological examination this time revealed cardiac necrosis in all animals receiving the combined nicotine-cholesterol-ergonovine treatment. This effect had not been obtained with any single member or pair of components of the treatment. Possible explanations for the observed interaction are presented.
Macrophage insulin receptor deficiency increases ER stress-induced apoptosis and necrotic core formation in advanced atherosclerotic lesions
Authors: Seongah Han, Chien-Ping Liang, Tracie DeVries-Seimon, Mollie Ranalletta, Carrie L. Welch, Kadesha Collins-Fletcher, Domenico Accili, Ira Tabas, Alan R. Tall
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
FE65 as a link between VLDLR and APP to regulate their trafficking and processing
Authors: Sonya B Dumanis, Kelly A Chamberlain, Yoo Jin Sohn, Young Jin Lee, Suzanne Y Guénette, Toshiharu Suzuki, Paul M Mathews, Daniel Ts Pak, G William Rebeck, Yoo-hun Suh, Hee-Sae Park, Hyang-Sook Hoe
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Several studies found that FE65, a cytoplasmic adaptor protein, interacts with APP and LRP1, altering the trafficking and processing of APP. We have previously shown that FE65 interacts with the ApoE receptor, ApoER2, altering its trafficking and processing. Interestingly, it has been shown that FE65 can act as a linker between APP and LRP1 or ApoER2. In the present study, we tested whether FE65 can interact with another ApoE receptor, VLDLR, thereby altering its trafficking and processing, and whether FE65 can serve as a linker between APP and VLDLR.We found that FE65 interacted with VLDLR using GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays in COS7 cells and in brain lysates. This interaction occurs via the PTB1 domain of FE65. Co-transfection with FE65 and full length VLDLR increased secreted VLDLR (sVLDLR); however, the levels of VLDLR C-terminal fragment (CTF) were undetectable as a result of proteasomal degradation. Additionally, FE65 increased cell surface levels of VLDLR. Moreover, we identified a novel complex between VLDLR and APP, which altered trafficking and processing of both proteins. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation results demonstrated that the presence of FE65 increased the interaction between APP and VLDLR in vitro and in vivo.These data suggest that FE65 can regulate VLDLR trafficking and processing. Additionally, the interaction between VLDLR and APP altered both protein's trafficking and processing. Finally, our data suggest that FE65 serves as a link between VLDLR and APP. This novel interaction adds to a growing body of literature indicating trimeric complexes with various ApoE Receptors and APP.
Effect of Providing Conditional Economic Compensation on Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya
Authors: Harsha Thirumurthy, Samuel H. Masters, Samwel Rao, Megan A. Bronson, Michele Lanham, Eunice Omanga, Emily Evens, Kawango Agot
Journal: JAMA (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Novel strategies are needed to increase the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in sub-Saharan Africa and enhance the effectiveness of male circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether small economic incentives could increase circumcision prevalence by addressing reported economic barriers to VMMC and behavioral factors such as present-biased decision making. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Randomized clinical trial conducted between June 22, 2013, and February 4, 2014, among 1504 uncircumcised men aged 25 to 49 years in Nyanza region, Kenya. VMMC services were provided free of charge and participants were randomized to 1 of 3 intervention groups or a control group. <h3>Interventions</h3> Participants in the 3 intervention groups received varying amounts of compensation conditional on undergoing circumcision at 1 of 9 study clinics within 2 months of enrollment. Compensation took the form of food vouchers worth 200 Kenya shillings (≈US $2.50), 700 Kenya shillings (≈US $8.75), or 1200 Kenya shillings (≈US $15.00), which reflected a portion of transportation costs and lost wages associated with getting circumcised. The control group received no compensation. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> VMMC uptake within 2 months. <h3>Results</h3> Analysis of data for 1502 participants with complete data showed that VMMC uptake within 2 months was higher in the US $8.75 group (6.6%; 95% CI, 4.3%-9.5% [25 of 381]) and the US $15.00 group (9.0%; 95% CI, 6.3%-12.4% [34 of 377]) than in the US $2.50 group (1.9%; 95% CI, 0.8%-3.8% [7 of 374]) and the control group (1.6%; 95% CI, 0.6%-3.5% [6 of 370]). In logistic regression analysis, the US $8.75 group had significantly higher VMMC uptake than the control group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.3; 95% CI, 1.7-10.7), as did the US $15.00 group (AOR 6.2; 95% CI, 2.6-15.0). Effect sizes for the US $8.75 and US $15.00 groups did not differ significantly (<i>P</i> = .20). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among uncircumcised men in Kenya, compensation in the form of food vouchers worth approximately US $8.75 or US $15.00, compared with lesser or no compensation, resulted in a modest increase in the prevalence of circumcision after 2 months. The effects of more intense promotion or longer implementation require further investigation. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01857700
A Study of the Spatial Vectorcardiogram in Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: J. FRANK PANTRIDGE, J. A. ABILDSKOV, G. E. BURCH, J. A. CRONVICH
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A method of vectorcardiography, in which the projections of the spatial vectorcardiogram in various planes of an equilateral tetrahedron reference system are recorded, has been applied to the study of left bundle branch block. Results suggest that the method employed may provide information relative to the state of the myocardium and the extent of myocardial lesions which is not evident from electrocardiographic examination.
How I treat immune thrombocytopenia: the choice between splenectomy or a medical therapy as a second-line treatment
Authors: Waleed Ghanima, Bertrand Godeau, Douglas B. Cines, James B. Bussel
Journal: Blood (2012)

The paradigm for managing primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adults has changed with the advent of rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) as options for second-line therapy. Splenectomy continues to provide the highest cure rate (60%-70% at 5+ years). Nonetheless, splenectomy is invasive, irreversible, associated with postoperative complications, and its outcome is currently unpredictable, leading some physicians and patients toward postponement and use of alternative approaches. An important predicament is the lack of studies comparing second-line options to splenectomy and to each other. Furthermore, some adults will improve spontaneously within 1-2 years. Rituximab has been given to more than 1 million patients worldwide, is generally well tolerated, and its short-term toxicity is acceptable. In adults with ITP, 40% of patients are complete responders at one year and 20% remain responders at 3-5 years. Newer approaches to using rituximab are under study. TPO-RAs induce platelet counts > 50 000/μL in 60%-90% of adults with ITP, are well-tolerated, and show relatively little short-term toxicity. The fraction of TPO-RA-treated patients who will be treatment-free after 12-24 months of therapy is unknown but likely to be low. As each approach has advantages and disadvantages, treatment needs to be individualized, and patient participation in decision-making is paramount.
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT OF ASPIRIN-MEDIATED ANTIPLATELET. DEGREE OF CORRELATION AND AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO &amp;ldquo;POINT OF CARE: VERIFYNOW ASPIRIN ASSAY AND PFA-100&amp;rdquo;
Authors: Jose Ma Cubero, Maria Asunci&oacute;n Navarro Puerto, Maria Isabel De Mier Barragan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
In-utero and neonatal exposure to secondhand smoke causes vascular dysfunction in newborn rats
Authors: Stuart J Hutchison, Stanton A Glantz, Bo-Qing Zhu, Yi-Ping Sun, Tony M Chou, Kanu Chatterjee, Prakash C Deedwania, William W Parmley, Krishnankutty Sudhir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)