tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histocompatibility and Transplantation.
Authors: Fritz Bach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Histocompatibility and Transplantation.Fritz Bach, M.D.Fritz Bach, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-843_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe success of transplantation in man depends to some degree on antigenic disparity between the donor and the recipient tissues. Two general approaches are available for study of this problem. Lymphocyte typing uses antisera-measuring histocompatibility antigens to define the phenotype of both donor and recipient; pairing is achieved by minimizing antigenic disparity. Mixed leukocyte culture tests involve the in vitro culture of lymphocytes of the donor and the recipient to study the amount of lymphocyte response (a measure of antigenic disparity) without defining the antigens responsible for the disparity. Results using these two methods have shown that a single genetic... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madison, Wis. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySilicon Carbide, SiC 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 843-843KeywordsAntigensGeneticsHistocompatibilityLymphocytesMajor histocompatibility antigensPhenotypesTransplantation Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Increased Genital Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in HIV-Seropositive Women
Authors: Michael Augenbraun
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To compare the prevalence of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) shedding in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive women and HIV-seronegative women. Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: A major inner-city medical center. Patients: 106 women who were HIV-seropositive and HSV-2-seropositive and 70 women who were HIV-seronegative and HSV-2-seropositive were enrolled from various primary care settings. Measurements: Herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody determinations were done for all patients. Regardless of symptoms, vulvar and cervical HSV cultures were obtained from all HIV-seropositive women and from a randomly selected subgroup of HIV-seronegative women. Results: The prevalence of HSV-2 shedding was nearly four times greater in HIV-seropositive than in HIV-seronegative women (13.2% compared with 3.6%; P = 0.04; odds ratio, 4.1 [95% CI, 1.0 to 27.4]) when the serum antibody for HSV-2 was present. Seventy-nine percent of viral shedding among HIV-seropositive women was asymptomatic. Overall viral shedding increased significantly as the CD4 cell count decreased. Conclusions: Women with HIV infection, particularly those with low CD4 cell counts, shed HSV-2 from the vulva and cervix more commonly than women not infected with HIV. Most of this shedding is asymptomatic.
Asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema in Finnish children and adolescents
Authors: L. Pöysä, M. Korppi, M. Pietikäinen, K. Remes, K. Juntunen‐Backman
Journal: Allergy (1991)

The parents of 3649 Finnish children and adolescents were interviewed in 1980 to evaluate the prevalence of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. The same group was interviewed 6 years later to determine the incidence of new cases of bronchial asthma in the 1980s. Age‐ and sex‐matched samples were taken from three areas, southern, eastern and northern Finland to allow assessment of possible regional differences in prevalences and incidences. The prevalences of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma were 1.7%, 6.0% and 4.3%, respectively. These figures are similar to those found in previous studies in Scandinavia and Finland over 10 years ago. The prevalence of atopy was highest (6.4%) in southern Finland, which is the most urbanized area of our country. The prevalence of asthma was highest (3.3%) in northern Finland. This is still low when compared with the incidences in other European countries. The prevalences of asthma and atopy were lowest in eastern Finland which is the most agrarian area. The incidence of asthma was 1.5 cases/1000 individuals/year, but no regional differences were shown.
HIGH FAT DIET EXACERBATES AND ENDURANCE EXERCISE AMELIORATES MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN MICE
Authors: Yuanjing Li, Ming Cai, Xiaohua Xu, Kirk Hutchinson, Qinghua Sun, Loren Wold, Pamela Lucchesi, Guanglong He
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effect of Lifestyle Changes on Erectile Dysfunction in Obese Men
Authors: Katherine Esposito, Francesco Giugliano, Carmen Di Palo, Giovanni Giugliano, Raffaele Marfella, Francesco D'Andrea, Massimo D'Armiento, Dario Giugliano
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Healthy lifestyle factors are associated with maintenance of erectile function in men.To determine the effect of weight loss and increased physical activity on erectile and endothelial functions in obese men.Randomized, single-blind trial of 110 obese men (body mass index > or =30) aged 35 to 55 years, without diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia, who had erectile dysfunction that was determined by having a score of 21 or less on the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The study was conducted from October 2000 to October 2003 at a university hospital in Italy.The 55 men randomly assigned to the intervention group received detailed advice about how to achieve a loss of 10% or more in their total body weight by reducing caloric intake and increasing their level of physical activity. Men in the control group (n = 55) were given general information about healthy food choices and exercise.Erectile function score, levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, circulating levels of interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and C-reactive protein, and endothelial function as assessed by vascular responses to l-arginine.After 2 years, body mass index decreased more in the intervention group (from a mean [SD] of 36.9 [2.5] to 31.2 [2.1]) than in the control group (from 36.4 [2.3] to 35.7 [2.5]) (P<.001), as did serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (P =.03), and C-reactive protein (P =.02). The mean (SD) level of physical activity increased more in the intervention group (from 48 [10] to 195 [36] min/wk; P<.001) than in the control group (from 51 [9] to 84 [28] min/wk; P<.001). The mean (SD) IIEF score improved in the intervention group (from 13.9 [4.0] to 17 [5]; P<.001), but remained stable in the control group (from 13.5 [4.0] to 13.6 [4.1]; P =.89). Seventeen men in the intervention group and 3 in the control group (P =.001) reported an IIEF score of 22 or higher. In multivariate analyses, changes in body mass index (P =.02), physical activity (P =.02), and C-reactive protein (P =.03) were independently associated with changes in IIEF score.Lifestyle changes are associated with improvement in sexual function in about one third of obese men with erectile dysfunction at baseline.
Abdomino-thoracic Injuries. I
Authors: G. Gordon-Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1941)

Popular opinion is accustomed to associate penetrating injuries of the trunk with grievous mortality, and statis- tical inquiry'only too truly confirms the fatality of wounds implicating the thoracic or abdominal cavity under con- ditions of modern warfare.The ancients knew the lethal character of wounds of this portion of the human frame; it suffices to mention here the wound of Eurymachus from the arrow from Odysseus's powerful bow, and the injuries inflicted upoIt Polydorus and Tros by the great Achilles or on Sarpedon by the spear of Patroklos-all these abdomino-thoracic wounds recounted in the Homeric epics proved fatal.The English stage and Scottish history also testify to the gravity of the abdomino-thoracic injury: in Shakespeare's dramna, Macbeth unseamed Macdonald from " nave to chap " in the manner of one accustomed to wield the claymore.The backhand of the claymore could easily split a man from clavicle to thigh: many of General Mackay's soldiers perished in this way, endeavouring with 11 their muskets to protect their heads and trunks in that fierce overwhelming rush of Graham of Claverhouse's men at Killie- crankie.
Distinct patterns of novel gene mutations in poor-prognostic stereotyped subsets of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the case of SF3B1 and subset #2
Authors: J C Strefford, L-A Sutton, P Baliakas, A Agathangelidis, J Malčíková, K Plevova, L Scarfó, Z Davis, E Stalika, D Cortese, N Cahill, L B Pedersen, P F di Celle, T Tzenou, C Geisler, P Panagiotidis, A W Langerak, N Chiorazzi, S Pospisilova, D Oscier, F Davi, C Belessi, L Mansouri, P Ghia, K Stamatopoulos, R Rosenquist
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria in the United States from 1963 through 1999
Authors: Mary Mungai, Gary Tegtmeier, Mary Chamberland, Monica Parise
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Transfusion-transmitted malaria is uncommon in the United States. After the report of three cases of complicated Plasmodium falciparum infection acquired by transfusion, we reviewed all cases of transfusion-transmitted malaria reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 1963 through 1999.Information on the patients was from surveillance reports sent to the CDC. Information about the implicated blood donors came from the National Malaria Surveillance System. To determine whether donors should have been excluded from donating blood, we compared their characteristics with the exclusion guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration and the American Association of Blood Banks.Of 93 cases of transfusion-transmitted malaria reported in 28 states, 33 (35 percent) were due to P. falciparum, 25 (27 percent) were due to P. vivax, 25 (27 percent) were due to P. malariae, 5 (5 percent) were due to P. ovale, 3 (3 percent) were mixed infections, and 2 (2 percent) were due to unidentified species. Ten of the 93 patients (11 percent) died. There were potentially 91 donors (in two cases, two patients received blood from the same donor), 67 of whom (74 percent) could be identified as infective. Of 64 implicated donors whose country of origin was reported, 38 (59 percent) were foreign born. Among those for whom complete information was available, 37 of 60 donors (62 percent) would have been excluded from donating according to current guidelines (in place since 1994), and 30 of 48 donors (62 percent) should have been excluded under the guidelines in place at the time of donation.Careful screening of donors according to the recommended exclusion guidelines remains the best way to prevent transfusion-transmitted malaria.
Metaphorical pluralism – not on the substantive level!
Authors: Benny Shanon
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Koriat &amp; Goldsmith (1996t) present two different programs for memory research. Different though they are on the methodological level, on the substantive level the two programs are based on the same view, according to which memory consists of represented information that is permanently stored in the mind (or brain). This view is, I think, wrong. One can support the methodological pluralism Koriat &amp; Goldsmith advocate, but on the substantive level pluralism is not admissible.
Aging Men's Health: A Case-Based Approach
Authors: Lisa B. Caruso, Ricardo Munarriz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Medical Writings: Book Notes15 November 2005Aging Men's Health: A Case-Based ApproachLisa B. Caruso, MD, MPH and Ricardo Munarriz, MDLisa B. Caruso, MD, MPHFrom the Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. and Ricardo Munarriz, MDFrom the Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Tan RS. 195 pages. New York: Thieme; 2005. $135.00. ISBN 158890296x. Order at www.thieme.com.Field of medicine: Men's health, geriatrics, urology, and endocrinology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Providers treating middle-aged and older men.Purpose: To examine the special pathologic and physiologic changes that occur in men as they age and to provide "the practitioner [with] better tools to maintain the health of aging men."Content: The book contains 20 chapters. It begins with an introduction to the practice of preventive gerontology, an area of study that aims to decrease biological age. The author reviews possible reasons for why women live ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 2005Volume 143, Issue 10Page: 772KeywordsAgingAndrogensErectile dysfunctionGeriatricsHormone replacement therapyProstate cancerSoftware toolsTestosteroneUrologyVitamin E ePublished: 15 November 2005 Issue Published: 15 November 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health and Medical Education—Reply
Authors: Mitchell R. Lunn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE HARRISON NARCOTIC LAW
Authors: Jay F. Schamberg
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> — The medical profession has ever stood behind the government in the attempt to enforce all legislation that was beneficial to the public at large. It has endorsed the Harrison Narcotic Law because it felt that its general provisions were for the public good. This act, however, contains a number of petty and annoying regulations through which the medical profession may be harassed from time to time. The act seems to regard members of this profession as potential miscreants who, in order to be kept good, must be disciplined. I have received this notice from the Narcotic Division of the Philadelphia District: "On account of your failure to register your removal in this office within thirty days after removal occurred, you have incurred an additional tax effective from the first day of the month during which the removal occurred to the end of the fiscal year, amounting
US doctors urge a more cautious approach to screening for prostate cancer
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The American Cancer Society is urging a more cautious approach to screening for prostate cancer and asking men to make an informed decision about whether to have their level of prostate specific antigen measured. The revised guidelines, released on 3 March, are part of a periodic review of all guidelines.

The society’s new guidance stresses that men should weigh up “the uncertainties, risks and potential benefits of screening for prostate cancer before deciding whether to be tested.”

Men at average risk should receive information around the age 50 years. Those at higher risk, with a father or brother diagnosed with prostate cancer before they are 65, should receive the …
PULMONARY FUNCTION IN THE NEWBORN INFANT. V. TRAPPED GAS IN THE NORMAL INFANT'S LUNG*
Authors: Nicholas M. Nelson, L. Samuel Prod'hom, Ruth B. Cherry, Philip J. Lipsitz, Clement A. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1963)

Trapped gas" has been defined by Bedell, Marshall, DuBois, and Comroe (1) as "that component of the thoracic gas volume which, having entered the thorax, is present in the lungs or pleural space but is unable to leave owing to intrapulmonary mechanical factors which prevent gaseous outflow."By measuring the ventilated portion of the thoracic gas volume (i.e., the func- tional residual capacity, FRC) with conventional dilutional methods (2) and comparing it to the to- tal (ventilated and nonventilated) thoracic gas volume (TGV) as determined by their compres- sion-decompression plethysmographic technique (3), these investigators demonstrated trapped gas in several adult patients with blebs, cysts, pneumo- thorax, intrapulmonary tumors, and especially, emphysema.They conclude that gas which is trapped in alveoli (as opposed to intrapleural or cystic sites) must exist in regions that are in inter- mittent communication with the airway.Recent measurements indicate a discrepancy be- tween FRC (4) and TGV (5-7) in normal new- born infants.Thus, the data of Geubelle and as- sociates (4) for infants over 1 hour of age yield an average FRC of 26.5 + 5.7 ml per kg as de- termined by the closed-circuit, helium-dilution technique (8), while Klaus, Tooley, Weaver, and Clements (5) reported a mean TGV of 29 + 7.0 ml per kg, and Auld and colleagues (7) re- ported 33.8 ± 7.3 ml per kg, as determined by
Rhinovirus Infection of the Normal Human Airway
Authors: Jack M. Gwaltney
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Selected events in rhinovirus infection of the normal human airway can be regarded as occurring sequentially. Initial steps in rhinovirus pathogenesis are believed to include viral entry into the nose, mucociliary transport of virus to the posterior pharynx, and initiation of infection in ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells of the upper airway. Viral replication peaks on average within 48 h of initiation of infection and persists for up to 3 wk. Infection is followed by activation of several inflammatory mechanisms, which may include release or generation of interleukins, bradykinins, prostaglandins, and possibly histamine and stimulation of parasympathetic reflexes. Pathophysiologic processes are initiated, which include vasodilatation of nasal blood vessels, transudation of plasma, glandular secretion, and stimulation of nerve fibers, causing pain and triggering sneeze and cough reflexes. The resultant clinical illness is a rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, and bronchitis, which, on average, lasts 1 wk.
Abstract 12: Bcr/Abl induces expression of Aurora kinase A via Akt signaling
Authors: Jing Jang, Takayuki Ikezoe, Chie Nishioka, Akihito Yokoyama
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Aurora kinase A (AURKA) plays a pivotal role in the mitotic processes during cell division. We previously showed that AURKA was aberrantly expressed in hematological malignant cells including those from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) compared to CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells isolated from healthy volunteers. This study explored molecular mechanisms by which bcr-abl induced expression of AURKA; Lentiviral transduction of p210 bcr-abl into murine lymphoid Ba/F3 as well as human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells potently increased levels of AURKA in association with phosphorylation of AURKA and Akt, as assessed by real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. On the other hand, exposure of CML K562 cells which constitutively expressed phosphorylated forms of Akt and AURKA to imatinib, an inhibitor of bcr-abl kinase, de-phosphorylated both Akt and AURKA. In addition, the capability of bcr-abl to induce expression of AURKA in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells was blunted when Akt was inactivated by a short hairpin RNA. These observations suggested that p210 bcr-abl activated AURKA at least in part via Akt signaling. Moreover, we found that lentiviral transduction of imatinib-resistant T315I mutant of bcr-abl into Ba/F3 cells also activated both Akt and AURKA. Importantly, exposure of p210 T315I bcr-abl-expressing Ba/F3 cells to a specific inhibitor of AURKA effectively inhibited their proliferation in vitro. Taken together, AURKA may be a promising molecular target in bcr-abl driven hematological malignancies and inhibition of AURKA could be useful to overcome imatinib-resistance mediated by bcr-abl mutants. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 12. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-12
Pretreatment with allergen prevents immediate hypersensitivity and airway hyperresponsiveness.
Authors: A Oshiba, E Hamelmann, K L Bradley, J E Loader, H Renz, G L Larsen, E W Gelfand
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The ability of subcutaneous pretreatment with an immunogenic peptide derived from Fel d I, the major cat protein, to suppress the development of allergic responses was examined in a mouse model of antigen-induced sensitization. BALB/c mice exposed to aerosolized Fel d I chain 1 peptide developed antigen-specific IgE responses, immediate cutaneous reactivity to the peptide, and increased airway responsiveness (AR). Both subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration of the peptide prior to sensitization caused a 50% reduction in cutaneous reactivity which was associated with a decrease in serum anti-Fel d I chain 1 IgE and IgG1 antibody responses and an increase in specific IgG. Pretreatment with the peptide also suppressed spleen and lymph node proliferative responses to the peptide. However, only subcutaneous peptide injections could prevent the development of increased AR. Transfer of spleen cells from subcutaneously peptide-treated mice to sensitized recipients reduced serum antigen-specific IgE and IgG1 antibody responses and skin test reactivity, and prevented alterations in AR. These data suggest that IgE (and IgG1) responses and airway hyperresponsiveness induced by allergen sensitization via the airways can be modulated by subcutaneous administration of peptide. Further, the results define a model for investigating the modulatory effects of subcutaneous administration of immunogenic peptides or protein on an ongoing allergic response.
Exercise or relaxation after stroke?
Authors: Gillian Mead
Journal: BMJ (2005)

I had always enjoyed the occasional hill walk, but it was only when I joined the local mountaineering club that I discovered how regular physical exercise really does improve health and quality of life.

When I wasn't in the hills I was training to be a geriatrician, with an interest in stroke. I couldn't help wondering whether the prolonged periods of immobility that often occurred after stroke must reduce both aerobic fitness and muscle strength and that stroke related disability might be reduced if physical fitness could be improved. We did a Cochrane systematic review on physical fitness training after stroke. We found only a small number of randomised trials of physical fitness training after stroke. The data were insufficient to draw any definite …
Implications of protein corona on physico-chemical and biological properties of magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Murali M. Yallapu, Neeraj Chauhan, Shadi F. Othman, Vahid Khalilzad-Sharghi, Mara C. Ebeling, Sheema Khan, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)