tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bezafibrate induced rhabdomyolysis.
Authors: E Kanterewicz, R Sanmarti, J Riba, I Trias, J Autonell, J Brugues
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The case is presented of a 70 year old woman with mild hypercholesterolaemia and hypertension who was readmitted to hospital six months after a previous admission for angina pectoris. The patient was treated with verapamil, nifedipine, and aspirin, and had been receiving bezafibrate (400 mg every 12 hours) for the previous 40 days. Twenty four hours after admission she developed podagra, which was treated with indomethacin (100 mg daily). Eight days after admission myocardial infarction was suspected, and the next day she presented with symptoms of rhabdomyolysis, which was confirmed by laboratory tests. Bezafibrate was withdrawn and the patient became asymptomatic after seven days. It is recommended that doctors should be aware of the possibility of patients, especially those with impaired renal function, developing rhabdomyolysis while being treated with bezafibrate.
THE USE OF SULPHARSPHENAMIN IN VINCENT'S ANGINA AND STOMATITIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: LOUIS H. BARENBERG
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Since Vincent, 1 in 1896, first described the condition of the throat that bears his name, many remedies have been employed in its treatment. Originally, in France, local applications of tincture of iodin, of chromic acid, of glycerin formaldehyd and of methylene blue were used. Even in recent years, both abroad and in this country, local applications of various antiseptics have been employed. Buschmann 2 tried acriflavine. King 3 recommended a 10 per cent. solution of copper sulphate as a topical application, and hydrogen peroxid has been considered almost a local specific.    Since a spirillum, as well as the fusiform bacillus, was described as the causative agent, it was logical that arsphenamin should be used in the treatment of this disorder. Gerber 4 used it intravenously in 1911. In 1914, Achard and Flandin 5 reported good results with local application of arsphenamin. Ravaut 6 noted the favorable effect of local
A Randomized Trial Comparing Combination Electron-Beam Radiation and Chemotherapy with Topical Therapy in the Initial Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Frederic J. Kaye, Paul A. Bunn, Seth M. Steinberg, Joyce L. Stocker, Daniel C. Ihde, A.B. Fischmann, Eli J. Glatstein, Geraldine P. Schechter, Ruby M. Phelps, Francine M. Foss, Harry L. Parlette, Michael J. Anderson, Edward A. Sausville
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Mycosis fungoides is a T-cell lymphoma that arises in the skin and progresses at highly variable rates. Nonradomized studies have suggested that early aggressive therapy may improve the prognosis in this usually fatal disease. We studied 103 patients with mycosis fungoides, who, after complete staging, were randomly assigned to receive either combination therapy, consisting of 3000 cGy of electron-beam radiation to the skin combined with parenteral chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etoposide, and vincristine (n = 52) or sequential topical treatment (n = 51). The prognostic factors were well balanced in the two groups. Combined therapy produced considerable toxicity: 12 patients required hospitalization for fever and transient neutropenia, 5 had congestive heart failure, and 2 were later found to have acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Patients receiving combined therapy had a significantly higher rate of complete response, documented by biopsy, than patients receiving conservative therapy (38 percent vs. 18 percent; P = 0.032). After a median follow-up of 75 months, however, there was no significant difference between the treatment groups in disease-free or overall survival. We conclude that early aggressive therapy with radiation and chemotherapy does not improve the prognosis for patients with mycosis fungoides as compared with conservative treatment beginning with sequential topical therapies.
TCT-380 Hemodynamic Effects of a Catheter-Deployed Intra-Aortic Micro-Axial Entrainment Pump in a Porcine Acute HF Model
Authors: Farshad Raissi Shabari, Joggy George, Michael Cuchiara, Robert Langsner, Kyle Potts, Jace Heuring, Benjamin Hertzog, Reynolds Delgado
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A Comparison of Balloon-Expandable-Stent Implantation with Balloon Angioplasty in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Patrick W. Serruys, Peter de Jaegere, Ferdinand Kiemeneij, Carlos Macaya, Wolfgang Rutsch, Guy Heyndrickx, Hakan Emanuelsson, Jean Marco, Victor Legrand, Pierre Materne, Jorge Belardi, Ulrich Sigwart, Antonio Colombo, Jean Jacques Goy, Paul van den Heuvel, Juan Delcan, Marie-angele Morel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Balloon-expandable coronary-artery stents were developed to prevent coronary restenosis after coronary angioplasty. These devices hold coronary vessels open at sites that have been dilated. However, it is unknown whether stenting improves long-term angiographic and clinical outcomes as compared with standard balloon angioplasty.
Genome-wide association study identifies a psoriasis susceptibility locus at TRAF3IP2
Authors: Eva Ellinghaus, David Ellinghaus, Philip E Stuart, Rajan P Nair, Sophie Debrus, John V Raelson, Majid Belouchi, Hélène Fournier, Claudia Reinhard, Jun Ding, Yun Li, Trilokraj Tejasvi, Johann Gudjonsson, Stefan W Stoll, John J Voorhees, Sylviane Lambert, Stephan Weidinger, Bernadette Eberlein, Manfred Kunz, Proton Rahman, Dafna D Gladman, Christian Gieger, H Erich Wichmann, Tom H Karlsen, Gabriele Mayr, Mario Albrecht, Dieter Kabelitz, Ulrich Mrowietz, Gonçalo R Abecasis, James T Elder, Stefan Schreiber, Michael Weichenthal, Andre Franke
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Freeman Hospital: working to improve services
Authors: G. Dale
Journal: BMJ (1992)

empirical evidence that psychological aspects of cancer management are important to quality of life, it is perhaps time now to ask why these practices are not being incorporated routinely into cancer treatment.Counselling is now a mandatory part of HIV testing.We should be thinking along the same lines for those people with a prospective diagnosis of cancer.In people with advanced disease the potential for distress is obviously great.It seems, however, that a large proportion of long term survivors pay a high psychological price and continue to have problems many years after treatment has ended.2Given this, how can the problem be adequately addressed?Where physical health is concerned there can be few dissenters from the belief that prevention is better than cure, yet this principle is rarely extended to psychological health.There are many excuses as to why we should not provide this type of care as routine, ranging from assertions that "everyone will want it" through to claims that "nobody will accept it."To an extent this latter claim acts as self fulfilling: if psychological help is offered in a judgmental and stigmatised way it is no surprise that people are reluctant to accept it.Spiegal et al's group of women with metastatic breast cancer, like the Greer et al cohort, were shown to benefit from therapy.3Given the groaning weight of evidence, it may be time to stop finding reasons for these aspects of care to fail and take a serious look at some not so new initiatives and how they could potentially prevent the deteriora- tion in quality of life that seems associated with life threatening disease.
Allergic Sensitization is a Risk Factor for Rhinovirus Wheezing Illnesses During Early Childhood
Authors: D.J. Jackson, M.D. Evans, K.A. Roberg, E.L. Anderson, D.F. DaSilva, T.E. Pappas, C.J. Tisler, R.E. Gangnon, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Novel Cardiac Apoptotic Pathway
Authors: Wei-Qi Tan, Jian-Xun Wang, Zhi-Qiang Lin, Yan-Rui Li, Yu Lin, Pei-Feng Li
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) is abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes. Protein kinase CK2 can phosphorylate ARC at threonine-149, thereby enabling ARC to antagonize apoptosis. ARC phosphorylation occurs in a constitutive manner. Nevertheless, cardiomyocytes still undergo apoptosis that is related to cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. Whether the occurrence of apoptosis is related to the loss of protection by ARC under pathological conditions remains unknown. Methods and Results— ARC phosphorylation levels are decreased in cardiomyocytes treated with isoproterenol or aldosterone. We explored the molecular mechanism by which ARC phosphorylation levels are decreased. Our results reveal that either direct incubation or coexpression with calcineurin leads to a decrease in ARC phosphorylation levels. Inhibition of calcineurin can attenuate the reduction in ARC phosphorylation levels on treatment with isoproterenol or aldosterone. These data indicate that the reduction in ARC phosphorylation levels is related to its dephosphorylation by calcineurin. Our results further reveal that ARC can prevent isoproterenol- and aldosterone-induced apoptosis, but this function depends on its phosphorylation status. Isoproterenol and aldosterone upregulate Fas ligand expression, and Fas ligand and caspase-8 are required for isoproterenol and aldosterone to induce apoptosis. However, phosphorylated but not dephosphorylated ARC is able to inhibit caspase-8–mediated apoptosis. Phosphorylated ARC exerts its effects against caspase-8 by directly associating with procaspase-8 and inhibiting its interaction with Fas-associated protein with death domain. Conclusions— Our study identifies a novel cardiac apoptotic pathway in which ARC is dephosphorylated by calcineurin. This pathway could be a component in the cardiac apoptotic machinery.
P1-01-07: ErbB-2 Peptide Vaccination Suppresses Spontaneous Tumorigenesis and Tumor Stem Cell Expansion in MMTV-PyVT Transgenic Mouse.
Authors: KH Park, EY Gil, YJ Choi, ST Kim, KR Cho, JH Seo, ES Lee, IS Kim, ML Disis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Immunization targeting ErbB-2 could have considerable therapeutic potential by controlling growth and metastasis of highly aggressive tumor cells in the earlier preclinical and clinical studies. Just a few studies have examined preventive potential of ErbB-2 vaccines in preclinical studies. However, animal model systems used in the previous studies were tumor transplantation or neu-transgenic mouse, which were not relevant to human HER-2 positive breast tumorigenesis. In this study, active immunotherapy against tumor antigen ErbB-2/neu for primary prevention of breast cancer was tested using FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyVT) transgenic mice model. Mice were grouped to receive either ErbB-2 peptide vaccine, immune adjuvant only, tetanus toxoid, or PBS every 2 weeks for 3 times and monthly thereafter. The MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice in control groups (PBS, immune adjuvant only, or tetanus toxoid peptide) developed spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in 12 to 15 weeks, but vaccination against ErbB-2 strongly suppressed tumor formation by 30 weeks of observation. Further pathologic examination showed complete prevention of tumorigenesis was observed in ErbB-2 vaccinated mice, whereas the mice in control groups developed highly aggressive ErbB-2 overexpressing tumors similar to human breast cancer. The tumor protective effect of peptide vaccination was associated with induction of ErbB-2-specific humoral immune responses as well as T cell responses. Additionally, role of signal through ErbB-2 pathway and the relationship with stemness of cancer cells were determined by Aldefluor assay, mammosphere formation assay using Mouse mammary carcinoma (MMC) cells in vitro, and level of nestin expression determined by Western blot analysis. Further analysis of mammosphere formation capacity of MMC cells using immune sera showed that sera from ErbB2 vaccinated mice had a significant inhibitory effect on mammosphere formation in ErbB-2 overexpressing MMC cells. These results suggest that ErbB-2 targeting by cancer vaccination might be useful adjuvant to standard therapy, helping to prevent relapse in patients with ErbB-2-overexpressing tumors by suppressing stem/progenitor cell population. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-07.
Potential role of recombinant secretory leucoprotease inhibitor in the prevention of neutrophil mediated matrix degradation.
Authors: C G Llewellyn-Jones, D A Lomas, R A Stockley
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--Neutrophil elastase is able to degrade connective tissue matrices and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of destructive lung diseases. METHODS--The ability of recombinant secretory leucoprotease inhibitor (rSLPI) to inhibit neutrophil mediated degradation of fibronectin in vitro is demonstrated and its efficacy compared with native alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (n alpha 1-PI), recombinant alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (r alpha 1-PI), and the chemical elastase inhibitor ICI 200,355. RESULTS--When preincubated with neutrophils both rSLPI and r alpha 1-PI were effective inhibitors of fibronectin degradation although n alpha 1-PI and ICI 200,355 were less effective. Recombinant SLPI was the most effective inhibitor when the cells were allowed to adhere to fibronectin before the addition of the inhibitors. Preincubation of rSLPI (0.1 mumol/l) with the fibronectin plate resulted in almost total inhibition of fibronectin degradation (reduced to 3.3 (SE 0.9)% of control). Pretreating the fibronectin plate with 1 mumol/l rSLPI, r alpha 1-PI and ICI 200,355 followed by thorough washing before the addition of cells resulted in no inhibition of fibronectin degradation with r alpha 1-PI and the ICI inhibitor, but rSLPI retained its inhibitory effect. This effect could be reduced by adding rSLPI in high pH buffer or 2 mol/1 NaCl. CONCLUSIONS--It is postulated that rSLPI binds to fibronectin to form a protective layer which prevents its degradation by neutrophil elastase. It may prove to be the most useful therapeutic agent in the prevention of neutrophil mediated lung damage.
Early Histological Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Robert E. Scully
Journal: JAMA (1974)

This attractive volume presents a minutely detailed account of the early development of cervical cancer based on an extensive review of the literature and the author's own painstaking studies. The final reconstruction of events is stimulating because of the presentation of new data and several unorthodox interpretations. As one example, the evidence for a progression of dysplasia through carcinoma in situ into invasive carcinoma is challenged. The author emphasizes that dysplasia and carcinoma in situ have separate sites of origin in the cervix, and invasive carcinoma may be associated with the former as well as the latter. The major faults of the text are its organization and style. The sequence of presentation is such that full comprehension of the earlier chapters and pictures depends on reading and viewing those that appear later. The inevitable repetition that results, the occasional verbosity and lack of clarity of the text contribute to difficult
Commentary on the Published Results of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial
Authors: Richard A. Kronmal
Journal: JAMA (1985)

THE LIPID Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT) was a randomized double-blind clinical trial testing the efficacy of the cholesterollowering drug cholestyramine taken in conjunction with a cholesterol-lowering diet in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in asymptomatic middle-aged men with primary hypercholesterolemia. The CPPT trial results were described in detail in two recent articles inThe Journal.<sup>1,2</sup>The first article presented the results of the clinical trial itself, comparing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in the two study groups: (1) cholestyramine plus diet and (2) placebo plus diet. The second article analyzed data from the two groups separately and within each group examined the relationship of lowering of levels of total cholesterol and of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) to the incidence of primary cardiovascular end points. The trial was well designed and superbly carried out. However, the reported conclusions seem to go beyond what is reasonably
Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase Variant Associated with Accelerated Purine Synthesis
Authors: Paul J. Benke, Norma Herrick, Annette Hebert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

We have previously described a 14-yr-old boy with hyperuricemia, renal failure, and accelerated purine production resistant in vivo and in vitro to purine analogs. This patient demonstrated normal red cell hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) heat stability, electrophoresis at high pH, and activity at standard substrate levels. In the present report an abnormal HPRT enzyme was demonstrated by enzyme kinetic study with phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) as the variable substrate and inhibitory studies with sodium fluoride. Apparently normal HPRT activity in a patient with hyperuricemia and gout does not exclude a functionally significant HPRT mutation.
Myocardial oxygen requirements during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: R. V Ditchey, Y. Goto, J. Lindenfeld
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aims were to determine myocardial oxygen requirements during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to test the hypothesis that endogenous catecholamines have a major effect on myocardial oxygen requirements in this setting. Methods: Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) was measured during 20 minutes of CPR in eight anaesthetised dogs. Coronary blood flow was maintained at prearrest levels using an external pump to provide a permissive level of oxygen delivery during ventricular fibrillation. Oxygen content was measured in arterial and coronary sinus blood samples under prearrest conditions and at 5 min intervals during CPR. Four dogs were given propranolol (1 mg·kg−1) following the 5 min measurements. Results: MVO2 averaged 108.7(SEM 12.8)% of the initial prearrest values after 5 min CPR (n=8). After 10 min CPR, MVO2 fell to 53.8(13.3)% of the initial prearrest values in the subset of animals given propranolol after the 5 min measurements (n=4), but remained at prearrest levels in untreated animals (p<0.05 for an interactive effect between treatment and time). MVO2 subsequently tended to decrease with time in untreated animals, but remained a high percentage of prearrest values throughout the 20 min period of CPR. Conclusions: These findings suggest that endogenous sympathetic stimulation of the fibrillating heart results in high myocardial oxygen requirements during CPR.
Management of cancers of the head and neck in the United Kingdom: questionnaire survey of consultants
Authors: D. Edwards, N W Johnson, D Cooper, K A A S Warnakulasuriya
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract-that is, of the head and neck and excluding lymphomas-present a number of challenges in implementing the changes recommended by the Expert Advisory Group on Cancer Services. 1 As head and neck cancers are heterogeneous and occur at several sites they are managed by several disciplines.Treatment for these cancers may form a small part of the caseload of each of these disciplines, making it difficult for specialists to develop expertise in this area. 2 We report on the current provision of services for the treatment of head and neck cancers in the United Kingdom.
Training the Woman Resident To Be a Psychiatrist
Authors: ELISSA P. BENEDEK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The author focuses on the problems of the woman resident and draws upon her own experience to illustrate her point that women are not accorded the same consideration as other minorities and that, for women, the residency period may be one of loneliness and misunderstanding. She observes that women have as much to learn from men as men from women and concludes that, if there are enough women staff members to make it possible, each woman and man in a residency program should have some personal supervisory experience with a woman staff supervisor.
Decreased adrenergic neuronal uptake activity in experimental right heart failure. A chamber-specific contributor to beta-adrenoceptor downregulation.
Authors: C S Liang, T H Fan, J T Sullebarger, S Sakamoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The reduction of myocardial beta-adrenoceptor density in congestive heart failure has been thought to be caused by agonist-induced homologous desensitization. However, recent evidence suggests that excessive adrenergic stimulation may not produce myocardial beta-receptor downregulation unless there is an additional defect in the local norepinephrine (NE) uptake mechanism. To investigate the association between beta-adrenoceptor regulation and NE uptake activity, we carried out studies in 30 dogs with right heart failure (RHF) produced by tricuspid avulsion and progressive pulmonary artery constriction and 23 sham-operated control dogs. We determined NE uptake activity by measuring accumulation of [3H]NE in tissue slices, NE uptake-1 carrier density by [3H]mazindol binding and beta-adrenoceptor density by [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding. Compared with sham-operated dogs, RHF dogs showed a 26% decrease in beta-adrenoceptor density, a 51% reduction in NE uptake activity, and a 57% decrease in NE uptake-1 carrier density in their right ventricles. In addition, right ventricle beta-receptor density correlated significantly with NE uptake activity and NE uptake-1 carrier density. In contrast, neither NE uptake activity nor beta-receptor density in the left ventricle and renal cortex was affected by RHF. Thus, the failing myocardium is associated with an organ- and chamber-specific subnormal neuronal NE uptake. This chamber-specific loss of NE uptake-1 carrier could effectively reduce local NE clearance, and represent a local factor that predisposes the failing ventricle to beta-adrenoceptor downregulation.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia by Staphylococcus aureus. Comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive episodes.
Authors: J Rello, A Torres, M Ricart, J Valles, J Gonzalez, A Artigas, R Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

All episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by Staphylococcus aureus were prospectively analyzed for a 30-mo period. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) was isolated in 38 episodes and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in 11 others. The two groups were similar regarding sex, severity of underlying diseases, prior surgery, and presence of renal failure, diabetes, cardiopathy, and coma. MRSA-infected persons were more likely to have received steroids before developing infection (relative risk [RR] = 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38-8.59), to have been ventilated > 6 d (RR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.36-3.03), to have been older than 25 yr (RR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.09-2.06), and to have had preceding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR = 2.76, 95% CI = 0.89-8.56) than MSSA-infected patients. MSSA-infected persons were more likely than MRSA-infected patients to have cranioencephalic trauma (RR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.22-3.09). All patients with MRSA VAP had previously received antibiotics, compared with only 21.1% of those with MSSA infection (p < 0.000001). The incidence of empyema was similar in both groups; nevertheless, the presence of bacteremia and septic shock was more frequent in the MRSA group. Finally, mortality directly related to pneumonia was significantly higher among patients with MRSA episodes (RR = 20.72, 95% CI = 2.78-154.35). This analysis was repeated for monomicrobial episodes, and the difference remained statistically significant. We conclude that MRSA and MSSA strains infect patients with different demographic profiles; previous antibiotic therapy is the most important risk factor for developing MRSA infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)