tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Increased Jeopardized Myocardium After Initial Angioplasty or Bypass Surgery
Authors: Kevin E. Kip, Edwin L. Alderman, Martial G. Bourassa, Maria Mori Brooks, Leonard Schwartz, David R. Holmes, Robert M. Califf, Patrick L. Whitlow, Bernard R. Chaitman, Katherine M. Detre
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Data are absent that compare midterm angiographic outcome between patients with and without diabetes after initial percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Importantly, diabetes mellitus may differentially influence long-term survival after PTCA or CABG. Methods and Results — Patients with multivessel coronary disease who were previously enrolled in the Bypass Angiopathy Revascularization Investigation to compare initial PTCA versus CABG (n=1829) and who had a reduction in jeopardized myocardium after initial revascularization and at least 1 angiogram during 5-year follow-up were analyzed (n=897). This included 369 CABG-treated patients (16% with diabetes) and 528 PTCA-treated patients (18% with diabetes). The influence of diabetes on angiographic increase in percentage of jeopardized myocardium after initial revascularization with either PTCA or CABG was investigated. Among PTCA patients, the mean percentage increase in total jeopardized myocardium was significantly greater in those with diabetes than in those without at 1-year protocol-directed angiography (42% versus 24%, P =0.05) and on the first clinically performed (unscheduled) angiogram within 30 months (63% versus 50%, P =0.01) but not at 5-year protocol-directed angiography (34% versus 26%, P =0.33). This excess midterm risk associated with diabetes persisted after statistical adjustment. In contrast, among CABG patients, diabetes was not associated with percentage increase in jeopardized myocardium at any angiographic follow-up interval. Conclusions — Presence of diabetes differentially influences worsening of jeopardized myocardium after initial PTCA compared with CABG. This differential effect occurs irrespective of whether follow-up angiography is undertaken for clinical or nonclinical purposes.
Methadone Treatment and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: James R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In light of the recent growth in public financial support for the rapid expansion of drug abuse treatment capacity, the unique effectiveness of methadone hydrochloride treatment in reducing intravenous opioid abuse and the associated sharing of injection equipment is reviewed and discussed, and its potential effect on preventing the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is examined. In addition to methadone, treatment variables that clinical research suggests are integral to effective treatment are identified. Methadone treatment is one of the most helpful means of reducing the risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome available, provided that programs of quality are expanded. The medical profession and universities are urged to take steps to ensure quality efforts in prevention and treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:1664-1668)
Amyloidosis complicating psoriatic arthritis.
Authors: M S Qureshi, G I Sandle, J K Kelly, H Fox
Journal: BMJ (1977)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Despite insertions and deletions being the most common structural variants (SVs) found across genomes, not much is known about how much these SVs vary within populations and between closely related species, nor their significance in evolution. To address these questions, we characterized the evolution of indel SVs using genome assemblies of three closely related <i>Heliconius</i> butterfly species. Over the relatively short evolutionary timescales investigated, up to 18.0% of the genome was composed of indels between two haplotypes of an individual <i>H. charithonia</i> butterfly and up to 62.7% included lineage-specific SVs between the genomes of the most distant species (11 Mya). Lineage-specific sequences were mostly characterized as transposable elements (TEs) inserted at random throughout the genome and their overall distribution was similarly affected by linked selection as single nucleotide substitutions. Using chromatin accessibility profiles (i.e., ATAC-seq) of head tissue in caterpillars to identify sequences with potential <i>cis</i>-regulatory function, we found that out of the 31,066 identified differences in chromatin accessibility between species, 30.4% were within lineage-specific SVs and 9.4% were characterized as TE insertions. These TE insertions were localized closer to gene transcription start sites than expected at random and were enriched for several transcription factor binding site candidates with known function in neuron development in <i>Drosophila</i>. We also identified 24 TE insertions with head-specific chromatin accessibility. Our results show high rates of structural genome evolution that were previously overlooked in comparative genomic studies and suggest a high potential for structural variation to serve as raw material for adaptive evolution.
Complement‐fixing platelet autoantibodies in autoimmune thrombocytopenia
Authors: W. Kayser, C. Mueller‐Eckhardt, U. Budde, R. E. Schmidt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract A 16‐year‐old male patient is described with chronic autoimmune thrombo‐cytopenic purpura and, after two years, “warm” autoimmune hemolytic anemia (Evans syndrome) who transiently developed complement‐fixing platelet autoantibodies. The autoreactivity of these antibodies was established by quantitative complement fixation as well as by absorption and elution studies using autologous platelets. We believe this to be the first documented case with this very rare and peculiar type of platelet autoantibody.
Diagnostic Yield and Effect on Clinical Outcomes of Push Enteroscopy in Suspected Small-Bowel Bleeding
Authors: M. Hayat, A. T. R. Axon, S. O'Mahony
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic examination of the small bowel (enteroscopy) has become an important modality in the investigation of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding/anaemia. The aim of this study was to look at our clinical experience and also to determine the clinical outcomes following push enteroscopy (PE) in patients with suspected small intestinal bleeding.
Health Care Software Sourcebook 1997
Authors: Bryan P. Bergeron
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Reviews1 September 1997Health Care Software Sourcebook 1997Bryan P. Bergeron, MDBryan P. Bergeron, MDHarvard University Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-5-199709010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Aspen Reference Group. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers; 1997. 467 pages. $89.00. ISBN 0834209047. Order phone 800-638-8437.Field of medicine: Medical informatics.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Practicing clinicians; researchers; hospital administrators; physician office managers; informaticians; those involved in the selection of enterprise-wide solutions, electronic medical records, and billing; and patient, physician, and nurse educators.Purpose: To provide health care specialists with a practical, well-indexed compendium of software solutions available for the most common challenges found in the teaching, practice, and business of medicine.Content: This compendium, which is updated annually, is an excellent sampling of the more prominent medical software packages ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1997Volume 127, Issue 5Page: 416KeywordsElectronic medical recordsHealth careHealth information technologyInformation technologyInternetLibrariesNurses Issue Published: 1 September 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum Complement Defects in Periodic Diseases
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann, Edward D. Coppola, Gregorio R. Villegas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

After Donaldson and Evans, and Austen and Sheffer demonstrated a deficient serum inhibitor of C1 esterase during periodic edema (hereditary angioneurotic edema), study of our patients with periodic polyserositis, arthrosis, myelodysplasia, and fever usually showed deficiency of the inhibitor and of whole serum complement in some. The inhibitor and complement activity were lowest in periodic arthrosis, especially during episodes of the disease. This and other features in common further indicate a relationship of these disparate heritable disorders. Demonstration of the lack of the inhibitor and of whole serum complement aids in diagnosis. It is uncertain if the defects are causal, incidental, or consequences of the diseases and if correction of the deficiencies will relieve symptoms.
Acute Hepatitis After Starting Zinc Therapy in a Patient With Presymptomatic Wilson's Disease
Authors: Luis Castilla-Higuero, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Emilio Suarez, Manuel Castro
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

To the Editor: I read with great interest and more than a little dismay the article by Myers, Gregor, and Marotta 1 on the cost-effectiveness of hepatitis A vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis C. While I found the article to be very well written and thorough, I find the premise for the article to be totally unacceptable.Are we to withhold a simple vaccination from our patients, knowing that they run the risk of severe morbidity or death simply because it may not be "cost effective" in a population study?This article calls to mind a story that was recently played out in the courts in the United States.There was once a large automobile manufacturer that produced a vehicle it knew was unsafe.Not only did they know that it was unsafe, they also knew how to fix the problem to render the vehicle safe.However, rather than do the right thing and fix the vehicle (at a cost of $11 per vehicle), they embarked on a course similar to Myers et al.They first calculated the cost of correcting the defect and then compared it with the cost they may incur if the defect was not corrected.They used data from the federal government and that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration made available to them.They calculated the average damage per person killed by their vehicle.They added medical costs, property damage, insurance administration, legal and court costs, employer losses, victim pain and suffering, and funeral bills as well as "other costs."When they found that this cost would be less than the cost of correcting the defect on the vehicle, they elected to take their chances in court.Their strategy ultimately landed them in court and resulted in one of the largest settlements in the American legal system.The ethics involved in their decision-making process was headline news throughout the nation.The parallels between this story and the conclusions drawn from this article I find to be quite remarkable.I can see myself in the future consoling Mrs. X upon the death of her husband from hepatitis A superimposed on hepatitis C, a disease that could have been prevented by a simple vaccination, by handing her the article and saying, "but as you can see here, clearly it would not have been cost effective for me to have given your husband a simple vaccine."I was surprised that this article did not provoke more editorial comments from the editors of HEPATOLOGY and I certainly hope that the ACIP does not reconsider its stance on vaccinating all patients with hepatitis C with the hepatitis A vaccine.
Genetic “Markers” of Chronic Liver Disease?
Authors: Jerrold J. Lander, Richard D. Aach
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The mechanisms by which chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are initiated and perpetuated have attracted much interest recently. CAH has been shown to be a sequela of viral hepatitis, Type B, as well as of a growing list of drugs, including the laxative, oxyphenisatin, and the antihypertensive agent, α-methyl-dopa. A picture typical of PBC has been described as a complication of chlorpromazine (Thorazine) administration. These examples may represent environmental or precipitating factors triggering progressive liver disease in susceptible persons.Although CAH as well as PBC may represent common clinicopathological expressions of diverse causes, much indirect evidence . . .
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency in an old‐order Amish cohort: Longitudinal risk and disease management
Authors: Nicholas L. Rider, Kevin A. Strauss, Krysta Brown, Armin Finkenstedt, Erik G. Puffenberger, Christine L. Hendrickson, Donna L. Robinson, Nikolas Muenke, Chris Tselepis, Lauren Saunders, Heinz Zoller, D. Holmes Morton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Pyruvate kinase deficiency is a chronic illness with age specific consequences. Newborns suffer life‐threatening hemolytic crisis and hyperbilirubinemia. Adults are at risk for infections because of asplenia, pregnancy‐related morbidity, and may suffer organ damage because of systemic iron overload. We describe 27 Old Order Amish patients (ages 8 months–52 years) homozygous for c.1436G&gt;A mutations in PKLR . Each subject had a predictable neonatal course requiring packed red blood cell transfusions (30 ± 5 mL/kg) to control hemolytic disease and intensive phototherapy to prevent kernicterus. Hemochromatosis affected 29% ( n = 4) of adult patients, who had inappropriately normal serum hepcidin (34.5 ± 12.7 ng/mL) and GDF‐15 (595 ± 335pg/mL) relative to hyperferritinemia (769 ± 595 mg/dL). A high prevalence of HFE gene mutations exists in this population and may contribute to iron‐related morbidity. Based on our observations, we present a strategy for long‐term management of pyruvate kinase deficiency. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CANCER, VITAMIN IMBALANCE, AND ROENTGEN-RAY ACTIVITY
Authors: MONTROSE T. BURROWS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Hopes for the proper and precise use of roentgen rays and the rays of radium depend primarily on a knowledge of their action on the tissues and means of administering them in a qualitative and quantitative manner. In previous articles<sup>1</sup>we have outlined a method for measuring these rays in electrostatic "e" units and also a method of investigating for the first time the effects of a definitely known type or quality of roentgen-ray energy on the cells and the tissues. The roentgen ray can produce as well as destroy cancer. It has become evident, therefore, that when we know more about cancer, some of the more important effects of roentgen rays on the tissue will not only become known, but the effect of growth stimuli in general will also become unraveled. One of the most interesting peculiarities of cell stimulants is that all of them in overdoses destroy
Expertise for Alcoholism
Authors: BERNARD H. MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 December 1972Expertise for AlcoholismBERNARD H. MILLER, M.D., F.A.C.P.BERNARD H. MILLER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-6-1004_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I would like to comment on Dr. Torrey Brown's Editorial, "Physicians Are Part of The Problem," in the August, 1972 issue.An internist, I have worked in an outpatient state alcoholic-treatment unit for 13 years. The long-term treatment of the alcoholic requires time, interest, knowledge, and special facilities. The patient's personal physician, unless specially trained, is not asked to treat acute leukemia, renal failure requiring dialysis, involutional depression, or ovarian hirsutism. As an internist, I feel no qualms about referring a patient with a complex disease with which I do not feel comfortable to another physician. Alcoholism... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1972Volume 77, Issue 6Page: 1004-1005KeywordsAlcoholicsAlcoholismAlcoholsMedical dialysisOutpatientsRenal failure Issue Published: 1 December 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Two Cases of Strangulated Hernia with Continuance of Symptoms after Apparent Reduction by Taxis: Herniotomy: Cure
Authors: G. Heaton
Journal: BMJ (1897)

STRANGULATED HERNIA.[. J°A 7S9 traceable in Experiment I.They seemed to contain a larger proportion of pigment and salts, and lost a much smaller percentage of their weight during corresponding periods of immersion in the oils.EXPERIMENT II.Olive Oil.Almond Oil.Paroleine.Weight of Stone, Weight of Stone, Weight of Stone, 0.252 g. 0.25I g. 0.256 g.Time of Immerin hor .4b0. I. 0 to 24 0.2040 2 I9.0 02O 0.04IO I6.5 O 230 O in ,.,~~~0 O, 2 hours 0.2975 0.
Longitudinal investigation of dietary exposure to selected pesticides.
Authors: D L MacIntosh, C W Kabiru, P B Ryan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Between September 1995 and September 1996, 4-day composite duplicate plate samples (379 solid food samples and 303 beverage samples) were obtained from a stratified random sample of 75 individuals in Maryland and analyzed for the presence of 10 pesticides. Samples were collected in each of six approximately equally spaced cycles as part of a larger pilot investigation of longitudinal exposure to pesticides and other elements. Chlorpyrifos was detected in 38.3% of the solid food samples, malathion in 75.2%, and p,p'-DDE in 21.4%. Other pesticides were detected in less than 10% of the solid food samples. Pesticide residues were not detected in duplicate beverage samples. In solid food samples, the mean concentration of chlorpyrifos was 0.7 (SD 1.7) microg/kg, 1.8 (2.1) for malathion, and 0.2 (0.6) for p,p'-DDE. The detection rate and mean concentration of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and p,p'-DDE varied by a factor of 2-3 among sampling cycles and significantly according to results from several statistical analyses. Co-occurrence of chlorpyrifos and malathion in solid food samples was found relatively frequently and also varied with time. Pesticides were detected in food samples with greatest frequency in spring and summer months and with lowest frequency in winter months. These results support the hypothesis that 4-day average exposure to chlorpyrifos and malathion varies over time for this population mean and for individual members of the population and that correlation between exposures to these two organophosphate pesticides can occur. The measurements of pesticide levels in duplicate plate samples presented here can be used to evaluate and set parameters for dietary exposure models.
411. The Metabolic Basis of Sexual Dimorphism in PKU Mice after PAH Gene Treatment
Authors: Li Chen, Savio L.C. Woo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder secondary to a hepatic deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) that predisposes affected individuals to the development of severe mental retardation. PAH is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine, and its deficiency leads to hyperphenylalaninemia as well as hypopigmentation in patients. We have previously reported a transgene delivery system based on phiBT1 bacteriophage integrase that result in targeted insertion of transgenes into the mammalian genome, and the use of it to transfer a CAG-driven mouse PAH cDNA expression cassett in the hepatocytes of PKU mice. While complete and permanent correction of their disease phenotypes was achieved in the treated males, only partial correction of hyperphenylalaninemia was achieved in the treated females that did not lead to a change of their fur color. This was not the result of differential transgene expression as hepatic PAH mRNA levels and enzymatic activities in the treated females were identical to those in the treated males. We hypothesize that the underlying mechanism for this sexual dimorphism is that hepatic contents of tetrahydrobiopertin (BH4), an essential co-factor for phenylalanine hydroxylation, is lower in the female mice and that it becomes the rate-limiting component in hepatocytes over-expressing PAH. To test this hypothesis, BH4 was injected daily into PAH-treated female PKU mice, which lead to the complete correction of their hyperphenylalaninemic and hypopigmentation phenotypes. We further hypothesize that the hepatic levels of BH4 is under sex hormone control. To elucidate if it is suppressed by estrogen and/or induced by testosterone, PAH-treated female and male PKU mice were subjected to gonadorectomy. Serum phenylalanine levels in the PAH-treated females were reduced to normal, while those in the PAH-treated males were unchanged. The sterile PAH-treated female and male PKU mice were then subjected to daily injections of dihydrotestosterone and estradiol, respectively. While the testosterone-treated sterile females remained normal, hyperphenylalaninemia and hypopigmentation were observed in the estradiol-treated sterile males. The results suggest that it is estrogen that suppresses the BH4 level in the livers of mice, which is the underlying mechanism for the observed sexual dimorphism in PKU mice after PAH gene treatment.
Stab Wounds Associated With Terrorist Activities in Israel
Authors: Gasser M. Hathout
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —As an academic physician and a Muslim, I am offended that while you publish an article analyzing stab wounds, your staff seems completely oblivious to the "stab" that this article takes at the religion of Islam. That the Palestinians have been involved in a protracted and often violent struggle with Israel is abundantly clear. This political problem has been punctuated by acts of terrorism on both sides. The point of this article seems to be that stab wounds committed in such a setting are more lethal than stab wounds inflicted in a "by-the-way" fashion, as perpetrated by common thieves and small-time criminals. That such a point needs scientific validation is as dubious as would be an article detailing the lethality of firearms in the hands of Israelis shooting innocent civilians, such as happened in the recent Hebron mosque massacre, where 93 Arab men, women, and children, prostrate in prayer, were
THE CRYSTALLINE LENS SYSTEM
Authors: JOHN O. McREYNOLDS
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>AN APPEAL TO THE GENERAL PROFESSION FOR CLOSER COOPERATION IN THE WORK OF THE OPHTHALMOLOGIST</h3> For many years I have been impressed with the conviction that ophthalmology was too remotely separated from the activities of the general profession, and that there is a need to stimulate, even though in a slight degree, a spirit of mutual interest and cooperation. It is far from my purpose to indulge in any criticism of the general practitioners, but rather to suggest an extension of their field of labor in harmony with their scientific attainments and well developed sense of professional responsibility. Ophthalmologists appreciate very sincerely the attitude of the general profession in so completely delegating to them everything that is comprised within the generally accepted realm of ophthalmology. So many times have my colleagues in general medicine proclaimed their ignorance of ophthalmologic problems that I wish to take this occasion to assure them