tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Industrial bladder cancer.
Authors: A H Pickering
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Industrial bladder cancer SIR,-In a leading article on industrial bladder cancer (27 February, p 614) Robin Glashan claims that evidence from a study by Vineis et al purports to show that engineering workers using lubricating oil are at risk.'The paper by Vineis gives the results of a study into the incidence of larynx, bladder, and infantile tumours occurring among residents of towns in the province of Turin in the period 1965-9 and is in Italian.A careful reading of the paper, and the English abstract, reveals no reference to lubricating oil, greases, or lubricant in any form.I feel it is important to put this correction on record as there is no evidence either from this article or elsewhere that workers using lubricant oils are at any special risk of bladder cancer.
Rational Combination Therapy of Vintafolide (EC145) with Commonly Used Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Authors: Joseph A. Reddy, Ryan Dorton, Alicia Bloomfield, Melissa Nelson, Marilynn Vetzel, John Guan, Christopher P. Leamon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

When evaluated in patients with ovarian and other cancer, vintafolide (EC145), a potent folate-targeted vinca alkaloid conjugate, displayed a toxicity profile that seemed to be nonoverlapping with many standard-of-care cancer therapeutics. It was, therefore, hypothesized that combining vintafolide with certain approved anticancer drugs may afford greater therapeutic efficacy compared with single-agent therapy. To explore this concept, vintafolide was evaluated in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD; DOXIL), cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, topotecan, and irinotecan against folate receptor (FR)-positive models.FR-expressing KB, M109, IGROV, and L1210 cells were first exposed to graded concentrations of vintafolide, either alone or in combination with doxorubicin (active ingredient in PLD), and isobologram plots and combination index values generated. The vintafolide combinations were also studied in mice bearing various FR-expressing tumors.Vintafolide displayed strong synergistic activity against KB cells when combined with doxorubicin, and no less-than-additive effects resulted when tested against M109, IGROV, and L1210 cells. In contrast, when either desacetylvinblastine hydrazide (DAVLBH; the vinca alkaloid moiety in vintafolide) or vindesine (the vinca alkaloid most structurally similar to DAVLBH) were tested in combination with doxorubicin, less-than-additive antitumor effects were observed. In vivo, all vintafolide drug combinations produced far greater antitumor effect (complete responses and cures) compared with the single agents alone, without significant increase in overall toxicity. Importantly, these benefits were not observed with combinations of PLD and DAVLBH or vindesine.On the basis of these encouraging preclinical results, clinical studies to evaluate vintafolide drug combination therapies are now under way.
Should elderly patients be made to sit in chairs?
Authors: M. Bliss
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Early outcome prediction of postanoxic patients in a coma after cardiac arrest proves challenging. Current prognostication relies on multimodal testing, using clinical examination, electrophysiologic testing, biomarkers, and structural MR imaging. While this multimodal prognostication is accurate for predicting poor outcome (ie, death), it is not sensitive enough to identify good outcome (ie, consciousness recovery), thus leaving many patients with indeterminate prognosis. We specifically assessed whether resting-state fMRI provides prognostic information, notably in postanoxic patients in a coma with indeterminate prognosis early after cardiac arrest, specifically for good outcome. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> We used resting-state fMRI in a prospective study to compare whole-brain functional connectivity between patients with good and poor outcomes, implementing support vector machine learning. Then, we automatically predicted coma outcome using resting-state fMRI and also compared the prediction based on resting-state fMRI with the outcome prediction based on DWI. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Of 17 eligible patients who completed the study procedure (among 351 patients screened), 9 regained consciousness and 8 remained comatose. We found higher functional connectivity in patients recovering consciousness, with greater changes occurring within and between the occipitoparietal and temporofrontal regions. Coma outcome prognostication based on resting-state fMRI machine learning was very accurate, notably for identifying patients with good outcome (accuracy, 94.4%; area under the receiver operating curve, 0.94). Outcome predictors using resting-state fMRI performed significantly better (<i>P</i> &lt; .05) than DWI (accuracy, 60.0%; area under the receiver operating curve, 0.63). <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> Indeterminate prognosis might lead to major clinical uncertainty and significant variations in life-sustaining treatments. Resting-state fMRI might bridge the gap left in early prognostication of postanoxic patients in a coma by identifying those with both good and poor outcomes.
PAIEON’S C-THV SYSTEM - A NOVEL REAL-TIME IMAGE PROCESSOR TO FACILITATE TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION (TAVI).
Authors: Namal Wijesinghe, Jean-Bernard Masson, Fabian Nietlispach, Edgar Tay, Ronen Gurvitch, Amir Blumenfeld, Rafi Brada, David A. Wood, John G. Webb
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Presence and persistence of human papillomavirus types 1, 2, 3, 4, 27, and 57 on dermoscope before and after examination of plantar warts and after cleaning
Authors: Dominique Penso-Assathiany, Tarik Gheit, Jean Luc Prétet, Agnés Aubin, Massimo Tommasino, Christiane Mougin, Ralph Braun, Olivier Chosidow, François Aubin
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Insulin and Corticoid Response to Intravenous Fructose in Relation to Glucose Tolerance
Authors: J. M. Aitken, M. G. Dunnigan
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In 12 subjects with normal glucose tolerance fructose infusion was associated with a rise in plasma insulin and plasma corticoid levels. Similar but lesser changes were seen in seven maturity onset diabetics in whom there was also a considerable rise in blood glucose. It is suggested that a catabolite of fructose is responsible for these changes.
Extremely Shortened Activated Partial Thromboplastin Times
Authors: Robert R. Belliveau
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The presence of a hypercoagulable state in patients with a shortened activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) as manifested by the clinical association with an increased incidence of thromboembolic disease has previously been reported by Hume,<sup>1</sup>Gallus et al,<sup>2</sup>Pilgeram,<sup>3</sup>McKenna et al,<sup>4</sup>and McKenna et al.<sup>5</sup>A recent review of patients' clinical records at Southern Nevada Memorial Hospital showed that rather than a history of thrombosis, patients with extremely short (less than 20 s) APTTs actually had a history of spontaneous bleeding. All APTT results that were of a coagulation panel were reviewed during a seven-month period from Jan 1 to July 31, 1979. All APTTs of less than 20 s were selected for evaluation of the clinical chart provided that the patient had a simultaneous normal prothrombin time (less than 13 s), to determine the cause for the hospitalization and the
Transporters MCT8 and OATP1C1 maintain murine brain thyroid hormone homeostasis
Authors: Steffen Mayerl, Julia Müller, Reinhard Bauer, Sarah Richert, Celia M. Kassmann, Veerle M. Darras, Katrin Buder, Anita Boelen, Theo J. Visser, Heike Heuer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS), a severe form of psychomotor retardation with abnormal thyroid hormone (TH) parameters, is linked to mutations in the TH-specific monocarboxylate transporter MCT8. In mice, deletion of Mct8 (Mct8 KO) faithfully replicates AHDS-associated endocrine abnormalities; however, unlike patients, these animals do not exhibit neurological impairments. While transport of the active form of TH (T3) across the blood-brain barrier is strongly diminished in Mct8 KO animals, prohormone (T4) can still enter the brain, possibly due to the presence of T4-selective organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP1C1). Here, we characterized mice deficient for both TH transporters, MCT8 and OATP1C1 (Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO). Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice exhibited alterations in peripheral TH homeostasis that were similar to those in Mct8 KO mice; however, uptake of both T3 and T4 into the brains of Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice was strongly reduced. Evidence of TH deprivation in the CNS of Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice included highly decreased brain TH content as well as altered deiodinase activities and TH target gene expression. Consistent with delayed cerebellar development and reduced myelination, Mct8/Oatp1c1 DKO mice displayed pronounced locomotor abnormalities. Intriguingly, differentiation of GABAergic interneurons in the cerebral cortex was highly compromised. Our findings underscore the importance of TH transporters for proper brain development and provide a basis to study the pathogenic mechanisms underlying AHDS.
Pulmonary Epithelial Integrity in Children: Relationship to Ambient Ozone Exposure and Swimming Pool Attendance
Authors: Birgitta Json Lagerkvist, Alfred Bernard, Anders Blomberg, Erik Bergstrom, Bertil Forsberg, Karin Holmstrom, Kjell Karp, Nils-Goran Lundstrom, Bo Segerstedt, Mona Svensson, Gunnar Nordberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Airway irritants such as ozone are known to impair lung function and induce airway inflammation. Clara cell protein (CC16) is a small anti-inflammatory protein secreted by the nonciliated bronchiolar Clara cells. CC16 in serum has been proposed as a noninvasive and sensitive marker of lung epithelial injury. In this study, we used lung function and serum CC16 concentration to examine the pulmonary responses to ambient O3 exposure and swimming pool attendance. The measurements were made on 57 children 10-11 years of age before and after outdoor exercise for 2 hr. Individual O3 exposure was estimated as the total exposure dose between 0700 hr until the second blood sample was obtained (mean O3 concentration/m3 times symbol hours). The maximal 1-hr value was 118 microg/m3 (59 ppb), and the individual exposure dose ranged between 352 and 914 microg/m3hr. These O3 levels did not cause any significant changes in mean serum CC16 concentrations before or after outdoor exercise, nor was any decrease in lung function detected. However, children who regularly visited chlorinated indoor swimming pools had significantly lower CC16 levels in serum than did nonswimming children both before and after exercise (respectively, 57 +/- 2.4 and 53 +/- 1.7 microg/L vs. 8.2 +/- 2.8 and 8.0 +/- 2.6 microg/L; p < 0.002). These results indicate that repeated exposure to chlorination by-products in the air of indoor swimming pools has adverse effects on the Clara cell function in children. A possible relation between such damage to Clara cells and pulmonary morbidity (e.g., asthma) should be further investigated.
A Clinical Trial of Progesterone for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Brett E. Skolnick, Andrew I. Maas, Raj K. Narayan, Roland Gerritsen van der Hoop, Thomas MacAllister, John D. Ward, Neta R. Nelson, Nino Stocchetti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Progesterone has been associated with robust positive effects in animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and with clinical benefits in two phase 2 randomized, controlled trials. We investigated the efficacy and safety of progesterone in a large, prospective, phase 3 randomized clinical trial.
SCIENCE AND RELIGION
Authors: A. S. MacNalty
Journal: BMJ (1960)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Surface tension plays a significant role in many functions of biomolecular condensates, from governing the dynamics of droplet coalescence to determining how condensates interact with and deform lipid membranes and biological filaments. To date, however, there is a lack of accurate methods to measure the surface tension of condensates in living cells. Here, we present a high-throughput flicker spectroscopy technique that is able to analyse the thermal fluctuations of the surfaces of tens of thousands of condensates to extract the distribution of surface tensions. Demonstrating this approach on stress granules, we show for the first time that the measured fluctuation spectra cannot be explained by surface tension alone. It is necessary to include an additional energy contribution, which we attribute to an elastic bending rigidity and suggests the presence of structure at the granule-cytoplasm interface. Our data also show that stress granules do not have a spherical base-shape, but fluctuate around a more irregular geometry. Taken together, these results demonstrate quantitatively that the mechanics of stress granules clearly deviate from those expected for simple liquid droplets.
CLINICAL NOTES ON PSORIASIS, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT.
Authors: L. DUNCAN BULKLEY
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In his recent work upon the treatment of syphilis, Professor Fournier makes the remark; that too little attention is often paid to the real treatment and cure of the disease, and that too many physicians and patients are content with only the removal of the symptoms as they arise; it thus happens that in relatively few instances is the treatment of syphilis carried out in a patient and thorough manner to a cure. It is within the memory of quite young men when that disease was regarded as incurable, and it is only within the last decade that definite rules have been established (largely through the work of Fournier) which, if accurately carried out, will commonly result in the radical cure of syphilis. Much the same may be said in regard to psoriasis; for, thus far, physicians and patients have been far too often satisfied with attempting to remove the
Use of tumour marker immunoreactivity to identify primary site of metastatic cancer.
Authors: A R Gamble, J A Bell, J E Ronan, D Pearson, I O Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To determine whether variations in the expression of tumour related antigens can predict the origin of tumours.Immunohistological study of tumour marker expression in primary adenocarcinomas and respective metastatic deposits. Antibodies to the following tumour markers were used: polymorphic epithelial mucin (NCRC-11 and SM3), carcinoembryonic antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen with non-specific antigen co-specificity, CA125, CA19.9, prostate specific antigens, and thyroglobulin.Histopathology department of teaching hospital.100 pathology sections of metastatic adenocarcinoma and their related primary tumours.Concordance of reactivity between primary and metastatic tumours. Reactivity profiles of tumour sites.The correct primary site of origin was predicted in 70% (33/47) of tumours in men and 54% (27/43) tumours in women with antibodies SM3, 288, CA19.9, CA125, and PSA (men only). Specificities ranged from 68% for breast tumour to 98% for prostate tumour.Use of tumour markers in patients presenting with metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin can help localise the probable primary sites and reduce the need for extensive and expensive imaging techniques.
Tibetan health care takes back seat to infrastructure
Authors: Jonathan Watts
Journal: The Lancet (2003)

cannot afford to divide up their fields.The government says the health situation has improved markedly since China seized Tibet in 1951-with average lifespans almost doubling to 67 years.Nevertheless, officials acknowledge that health care has been overtaken by the rush to develop hard infrastructure.Tibet has never officially registered a case of AIDS or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), both of which would have huge political implications, but diseases such as goitre, tuberculosis, and hepatitis are common.The official Xinhua news agency recently reported that 7000 new cases of eye cataracts, caused by strong ultraviolet radiation in the high altitude, occur each year-more than twice the number that local clinics can treat.
Hepatic iron deprivation prevents spontaneous development of fulminant hepatitis and liver cancer in Long-Evans Cinnamon rats.
Authors: J Kato, M Kobune, Y Kohgo, N Sugawara, H Hisai, T Nakamura, S Sakamaki, N Sawada, Y Niitsu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Several clinical studies have suggested that excess hepatic iron accumulation is a progressive factor in some liver diseases including chronic viral hepatitis and hemochromatosis. However, it is not known whether iron-induced hepatotoxicity may be directly involved in hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat, which accumulates excess copper in the liver as in patients with Wilson's disease, is of a mutant strain displaying spontaneous hemolysis, hepatitis, and liver cancer. We found previously that LEC rats harbored an additional abnormality: accumulation of as much iron as copper in the liver. In the present study, we compared the occurrence of hepatitis and liver cancer in LEC rats fed an iron-deficient diet (ID) with those in rats fed a regular diet (RD). The RD group showed rapid increments of hepatic iron concentrations as the result of hemolysis, characteristics of fulminant hepatitis showing apoptosis, and a 53% mortality rate. However, no rats in the ID group died of fulminant hepatitis. Hepatic iron, especially "free" iron concentration and the extent of hepatic fibrosis in the ID group were far less than those of the RD group. At week 65, all rats in the RD group developed liver cancer, whereas none did in the ID group. These results suggest that the accumulation of iron, possibly by virtue of synergistic radical formation with copper, plays an essential role in the development of fulminant hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis in LEC rats.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Tandem Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Josien C. Regelink, Cinthy H.M. van Roessel, Karin P.M. van Galen, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Peter C. Huijgens, Sonja Zweegman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)
650 SURVIVAL AND TOLERABILITY FOLLOWING Y-RESIN MICROSPHERE RADIOEMBOLISATION IN PATIENTS WITH UNRESECTABLE BCLC STAGE C HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC)
Authors: B. Sangro, G.M. Ettorre, R.C. Cianni, D. Gasparini, R. Golfieri, S. Ezzidin, F. Kolligs, F. Izzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Laparoscopy in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis: In the eye of the beholder
Authors: Charles J. Lightdale
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Laparoscopic findings of the liver in 13 cases with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) diagnosed by wedge or needle biopsy were investigated. The characteristic features of laparoscopic appearance—gentle undulation—were observed in 11 out of 13 (85%) patients with PBC. These gentle undulations were irregularly shaped areas from 0.5 to 3 cm in diameter. Those observed in s-PBC were greater in number and more pronounced than those in a-PBC. In the concave areas of these undulations, the number of portal tracts was significantly greater than in the convex areas (p &lt; 0.005). On the contrary, the number of interlobular bile ducts in the concave area was significantly less than in the convex area (p &lt; 0.005). Therefore, gentle undulation was relatively specific to PBC, and was caused by scar formation and chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis in the portal area.
Abstract 1164: sHER3 inhibits the proliferation and migration of melanoma-derived cells in a tenascin-dependent manner
Authors: Chunlin Cai, Nita J. Maihle
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The expression of HER3 receptor tyrosine kinase, a member of the EGFR/HER family of cellular oncogenes, is common in both primary and metastatic melanoma, and high levels of HER3 expression are correlated with poor patient survival. However, no one has demonstrated the mechanistic basis for HER3 as a poor prognostic determinant in melanoma patients, even though these tumors poorly express other members of the EGFR/HER receptor family. In this study we present evidence demonstrating that 13 of 14 melanoma cell lines tested express HER3, supporting previous reports regarding the frequency of expression of this gene product in melanoma samples. We further report that a soluble isoform of HER3 (sHER3) that we previously have shown to be a potent inhibitor of neuregulin mediated, Akt-dependent breast cancer cell growth strongly inhibits the growth of HER3 expressing melanoma cells. Interestingly, however, the phosphorylation of Akt, a known mediator of ligand-dependent HER3 signaling, is not reduced in melanoma cells growth inhibited by sHER3. To explore alternative mechanisms of HER3 signaling in melanoma, we identified sHER3 interacting partners using a mass spectrometry proteomic approach. Only one prominent sHER3 binding partner was identified in melanoma cell conditioned media: tenascin. This was an unexpected finding since ligand-dependent HER3 signaling has not previously been linked to tenascin. Interestingly, tenascin expression has independently been identified as another negative prognostic indicator in melanoma. Our initial studies to test the functional relationship between HER3 and tenascin suggest that tenascin expression is correlated with both HER3 expression and migration in all of the melanoma lines tested. Moreover, sHER3 inhibition of melanoma migration was dependent on the level of tenascin present. Treatment of melanoma cells with purified sHER3 inhibits the migration only in the presence of high levels of tenascin. These results suggest the existence of an unanticipated tenascin- and HER3-dependent signaling pathway in melanoma cells, and suggest that this pathway is functionally correlated with melanoma cell migratory potential and poor patient survival. (This work was supported by the Harry J. Lloyd Charitable Trust Foundation.) Citation Format: Chunlin Cai, Nita J. Maihle. sHER3 inhibits the proliferation and migration of melanoma-derived cells in a tenascin-dependent manner. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1164. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1164
SMAD3 prevents graft-versus-host disease by restraining Th1 differentiation and granulocyte-mediated tissue damage
Authors: Martin Giroux, Jean-Sébastien Delisle, Simon-David Gauthier, Krista M. Heinonen, Julie Hinsinger, Billy Houde, Louis Gaboury, Sylvie Brochu, Jiangping Wu, Marie-Josée Hébert, Claude Perreault
Journal: Blood (2010)
Reversible stimulation of sodium transport in the toad bladder by stretch
Authors: Mackenzie Walser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Short-circuit current and transepithelial potential difference were measured in toad hemibladders mounted as sacs on glass cannulae. When sac volume was changed by adding or removing fluid, short circuit current responded by increasing or decreasing during the ensuing half-hour. The time course of the response and its magnitude indicated that it was not artefactual. Furthermore, net sodium flux responded similarly. Sac volume, and thus bladder surface area, could be varied from 0.03 to 0.4 cm(2)/mg wet weight. The mean response to either decreases or increases was 10 muA/cm(2). Everted hemibladders, however, responded less. Neither hydrostatic pressure, nor increased chloride conductance, nor increased access of oxygen or glucose to the mucosa was responsible for the response. Tissue conductance did vary markedly with volume, and may have played a role, but sodium conductance did not vary with volume in a consistent manner. The results indicate the existence of an intrinsic mechanism in this tissue which alters sodium transport in response to stretch.