tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cyclophosphamide Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Authors: Charley J. Smyth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Cyclophosphamide Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Charley J. Smyth, M.D., Bruce A. Bartholomew, M.D., David M. Mills, M.D., James C. Steigerwald, M.D.Charley J. Smyth, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Bruce A. Bartholomew, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, David M. Mills, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, James C. Steigerwald, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-833_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA controlled 3-year study of 27 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with cyclophosphamide, showed a marked anti-inflammatory effect. All patients had been refractory to conventional treatment. Weekly or biweekly evaluations were made by using objective measurements of joint inflammation and function. Also, frequent complete blood counts and tests of hepatic and renal function were made; in selected patients immunoresponsiveness and bone marrow studies after 6 months or more of cyclophosphamide therapy. The daily dose was that required to produce leukopenia (2500 to 3000 leukocytes per mm3) or clinical improvement. The average dose was 1.7 mg/kg body weight.Definite improvement occurred in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver, Colorado. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 833-834KeywordsBody weightBone marrowComplete blood countCyclophosphamideInflammationRheumatoid arthritis Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Usefulness of Fluorine-18 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Identification of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections
Authors: Jean-François Sarrazin, François Philippon, Michel Tessier, Jean Guimond, Franck Molin, Jean Champagne, Isabelle Nault, Louis Blier, Maxime Nadeau, Lyne Charbonneau, Mikaël Trottier, Gilles O'Hara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Novel homozygous nonsense TMC8 mutation detected in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis from a Brazilian family
Authors: P.L. Rady, W.R.P. De Oliveira, Q. He, C. Festa, E.A. Rivitti, S.B. Tucker, S.K. Tyring
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Persistent infection with a characteristic group of human papilloma viruses in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV‐HPVs) is due to an uncharacterized immunogenetic deficiency resulting in lack of clearance of the EV‐HPV‐infected keratinocytes.1, 2 Recently two susceptibility loci were identified. The first susceptibility locus (EV1) for EV was mapped to a region of chromosome 17 and the second susceptibility locus for EV was mapped to chromosome 2 (EV2).3 In the EV1 locus, two EV susceptibility genes (TMC6 and TMC8) have recently been identified.4 The TMC6 and TMC8 proteins have been found to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and they belong to the transmembrane channel (TMC) gene family.5, 6 It is still an enigma how TMC6 and TMC8 genes are involved in the innate or adaptive immune responses to control EV‐HPV infection in epidermal keratinocytes. Several articles have reported EV‐associated mutations of the TMC6 and TMC8 in patients of different ethnic origins.4, 7, 8 In this report we describe a novel nonsense TMC8 mutation in three patients with EV from a Brazilian family.
Medicine and the Nature of Vertical Reasoning
Authors: M S Blois
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

During any commencement season, it is likely that at least one medical school graduating class will be favored with an address on "The Art and Science of Medicine." No wonder, since this serves as a springboard for introducing a variety of engaging medical topics.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Yet, although in many ways modern medicine resembles a science, it continues to be criticized for its lack of unifying theories, and for this reason alone its claim to being a science has remained suspect. The cognitive problem facing the physician is how to take the available clinical data in a given case, which are disparate . . .
THE USE OF INTARVIN IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: D. M. Lyon, W. Robson, A. C. White
Journal: BMJ (1925)

JORNAL 20 is relativ,ely infrequent, anid the nuiimbers available for anialysis so small as not to repay the labour of extractioni.Tlie duration of miiamnmar-y canlcel is markedly lon(ger than that of any other cancer, wliile that of rectal cancer comes easily seconid.It is interesting to note that in carcinoma of the cervix radiumii treatmenit seems to prolong life by an average of six moniths, thus confirming the general opinioni amonigst surgeons that it is of service in these cases.Onll five cases of cancer of the breast were treated in this way, but of twenty-eight cases treated by x rays the average duIIration was only twenty-four moniths (against thirty-nine miionths for untreated cases), and( eaclh of the age per-iods show-ed a corresponding deficit.Tlle section of the table wlhich deals with the tlhyroid glanid contains, it will be, noticed, bracketed figures; these incelude one case the durationi of which was stated to be tlhirity Years.The patient ev-enituially died in the Cancer Hospital and the malignant niature of the growtlh was l)roved, but I find it difficu-lt to believe that it was originially malignanit, and coinsi(ler it probable that malignant change enisued in a previously inniocent tumour.The excess of twenty in the total cases of cancer of the cervix over the combinied totals treated by l)alliative measures and by r.adium is due to the fact that the former inumber contailns twenty cases wlhiich received x-ray' or1 combined x-iay and radium treatmenlt.Although thc figures given' by Lazarus-Barlow and Leeming lend sul)port to thme idea tlhatt cancer is mllor'e malignianit in younger thani in older persons, my figurle.stfford no confirmiiationi for such ani opiiono, andcl the duriationi of life appears fairly iuniiformn tlhrouiglhouit all the age periods.lor those sites which milay he affected in eitlher sex my fig1nu1cs give little, if anyv, inidicationi that the duratioII of life is greater in femnales thian in males.
Transfusion-Transmitted AIDS Reassessed
Authors: Thomas F. Zuck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

This editorial traces the recommendations of the Food and Drug Administration with respect to reducing transmission of AIDS by transfusions of blood. Next the findings of a research study which appears in the same issue of this journal are reviewed. In this study, the authors describe 7 persons with negative HIV-antibody tests who donated blood but later had detectable HIV antibodies. The authors estimate the number of blood components that test negative but carry infection that are collected annually in the US. Their estimate of the current risk may be overly pessimistic. Newer, more accurate tests should be implemented as soon as clinical trials have established their efficacy and practicality. While tests are being validated, the education of donors must be intensified and focused. Although continued vigilance over the safety of the blood supply is essential, the risks of HIV transmission by transfusion should be kept in perspective. The risk of acquiring HIV infection through transfusion is low compared with the odds of death from influenza, abortion after the 14th week, and car accidents. The measures instituted to protect patients from acquiring HIV infection through blood transfusions have greatly improved the safety of the nation's blood supply. It is safer than it has ever been, but the slight risks that still remain can be reduced at this time only by intensified and appropriately focused education of blood donors and by more circumspect ordering of blood components by physicians.
Anti-oxidative effects and harmlessness of asymmetric Au@Fe3O4 Janus particles on human blood cells
Authors: Lisa Landgraf, Peter Ernst, Isabel Schick, Oskar Köhler, Hartmut Oehring, Wolfgang Tremel, Ingrid Hilger
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)

The physical properties of asymmetric Janus particles are highly promising for future biomedical applications. However, only a few data is available on their biological impact on human cells. We investigated the biological impact of different Au@Fe3O4 Janus particle formulations in vitro to analyse specific uptake modalities and their potential cytotoxic effects on human cells of the blood regarding intravenous injection. We demonstrate that Au@Fe3O4 Janus particles exhibit a similar or even better biocompatibility compared to the well-studied spherical iron oxide nanoparticles. The impact of Janus particles on cells depends mainly on three factors. (1) Surface functionalization: NH2-functionalization of the Au or iron oxide domain induces a pronounced reduction of cell viability in contrast to non-functionalized variants which is caused by the damage of intracellular membranes. (2) The nature of the metal oxide component, greatly affects cell viability, as shown by a comparison with Au@MnO Janus particles. (3) The overall surface charge and the size of nanoparticles have a higher impact on internalization and cellular metabolism than the Janus character per se. Interestingly, Janus particle associated DNA damage is independent of the effects on the cellular ATP level. However, not only the structure and functionalization of the Janus particle surface determines the particle's adhesion and intracellular fate, but also the constitution of the cell surface as shown by different modification experiments. The multifactorial in vitro approach presented in this study demonstrated the high capability of the Janus particles. Especially Au@Fe3O4 Janus particles bear great potential for applications in vivo.
Cell Type and Culture Condition–Dependent Alternative Splicing in Human Breast Cancer Cells Revealed by Splicing-Sensitive Microarrays
Authors: Chunxia Li, Mitsuo Kato, Lily Shiue, John E. Shively, Manuel Ares, Ren-Jang Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Growing evidence indicates that alternative or aberrant pre-mRNA splicing takes place during the development, progression, and metastasis of breast cancer. However, which splicing changes that might contribute directly to tumorigenesis or cancer progression remain to be elucidated. We used splicing-sensitive microarrays to detect differences in alternative splicing between two breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 (estrogen receptor positive) and MDA-MB-231 (estrogen receptor negative), as well as cultured human mammary epithelial cells. Several splicing alterations in genes, including CD44, FAS, RBM9, hnRNPA/B, APLP2, and MYL6, were detected by the microarray and verified by reverse transcription-PCR. We also compared splicing in these breast cancer cells cultured in either two-dimensional flat dishes or in three-dimensional Matrigel conditions. Only a subset of the splicing differences that distinguish MCF7 cells from MDA-MB-231 cells under two-dimensional culture condition is retained under three-dimensional conditions, suggesting that alternative splicing events are influenced by the geometry of the culture conditions of these cells. Further characterization of splicing patterns of several genes in MCF7 cells grown in Matrigel and in xenograft in nude mice shows that splicing is similar under both conditions. Thus, our oligonucleotide microarray can effectively detect changes in alternative splicing in different cells or in the same cells grown in different environments. Our findings also illustrate the potential for understanding gene expression with resolution of alternative splicing in the study of breast cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(4): 1990-9)
Physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates protein synthesis and enhances transport of selected amino acids in human skeletal muscle.
Authors: G Biolo, R Y Declan Fleming, R R Wolfe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We have investigated the mechanisms of the anabolic effect of insulin on muscle protein metabolism in healthy volunteers, using stable isotopic tracers of amino acids. Calculations of muscle protein synthesis, breakdown, and amino acid transport were based on data obtained with the leg arteriovenous catheterization and muscle biopsy. Insulin was infused (0.15 mU/min per 100 ml leg) into the femoral artery to increase femoral venous insulin concentration (from 10 +/- 2 to 77 +/- 9 microU/ml) with minimal systemic perturbations. Tissue concentrations of free essential amino acids decreased (P < 0.05) after insulin. The fractional synthesis rate of muscle protein (precursor-product approach) increased (P < 0.01) after insulin from 0.0401 +/- 0.0072 to 0.0677 +/- 0.0101%/h. Consistent with this observation, rates of utilization for protein synthesis of intracellular phenylalanine and lysine (arteriovenous balance approach) also increased from 40 +/- 8 to 59 +/- 8 (P < 0.05) and from 219 +/- 21 to 298 +/- 37 (P < 0.08) nmol/min per 100 ml leg, respectively. Release from protein breakdown of phenylalanine, leucine, and lysine was not significantly modified by insulin. Local hyperinsulinemia increased (P < 0.05) the rates of inward transport of leucine, lysine, and alanine, from 164 +/- 22 to 200 +/- 25, from 126 +/- 11 to 221 +/- 30, and from 403 +/- 64 to 595 +/- 106 nmol/min per 100 ml leg, respectively. Transport of phenylalanine did not change significantly. We conclude that insulin promoted muscle anabolism, primarily by stimulating protein synthesis independently of any effect on transmembrane transport.
Comparative evaluation of bone marrow aspirate particle smears, biopsy imprints, and biopsy sections
Authors: Donald Pasquale, G. Chikkappa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Bone marrow aspirate particle smears, biopsy imprints, and biopsy sections were compared to determine the accuracy of the three samples in assessing for overall cellularity, differential cell count, megakaryocyte density, iron stores, and tumor infiltration. Aspirate particle smears and biopsy imprints were stained by Wright-Giemsa method. Aspirate particle smears were also stained with Prussian-blue. Biopsy sections were 1 1/2-2 micron thick and were prepared from non-decalcified plastic embedded samples and stained with combined Prussian-blue-hematoxylin-eosin, and Giemsa. One hundred-eight sets of specimens from 99 patients were examined. In 20 cases, chi-square analysis showed a comparable degree of cellularity (p less than 0.001) and megakaryocyte density (p less than 0.001) among the three preparations. Differential count comparison by regression analysis indicated that mean percentages of neutrophilic cells in the proliferation compartment were comparable in the three groups (p less than 0.01). A better correlation was obtained among the three groups in the percent neutrophilic cells in the maturation-storage compartment, normoblasts, eosinophils, and plasma cells (p less than 0.001). Lymphocytes in the aspirate smears correlated with the biopsy imprints (p less than 0.01) but not with the biopsy sections (p greater than 0.05). Monocytes did not correlate in any of the groups (p greater than 0.05). In 47 cases, chi-square analysis of iron stores in the aspirate particle smears correlated well with those in the biopsy sections (p less than 0.001). Fifty-two marrows that were done for staging nonhematological malignancies revealed malignant cells in 21 cases, biopsy sections were positive in all, biopsy imprints were positive in 19 (90%), and aspirate particle smears were positive in 7 (33%). Thirty-six marrows done for staging non-Hodgkin's lymphoma showed malignant cells in 13 cases. Twelve (92%) biopsy sections, three (23%) biopsy imprints, and nine (69%) aspirate particle smears contained lymphoma cells. In conclusion, a satisfactory evaluation of marrow samples for diagnostic studies can be achieved by examination of biopsy sections along with aspirate particle smears or biopsy imprints. Any of the three marrow preparations alone is not sufficient for accurate diagnosis in all cases. The biopsy imprint is an accurate modality for identifying nonhematological tumor metastasis in the bone marrow.
The Low Nail
Authors: H. A. Brittain
Journal: BMJ (1942)

<b>Objective: To report a case of serotonin syndrome leading to compartment syndrome</b><b>Background:</b>The term ‘serotonin syndrome’ describes a constellation of symptoms caused by serotonergic overstimulation. Its characteristic clinical presentation consists of encephalopathy, neuromuscular signs, and autonomic hyperactivity. After removal of the offending agent, the clinical course is usually self-limited but can occasionally lead to severe complications. <b>Methods: Case report and review of the literature. </b><b></b><b>Results: </b>We present the case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of depression and chronic kidney disease who presented emergently with encephalopathy after she was last seen normal on the previous day. Home medications included paroxetine, risperidone and dextroamphetamine/amphetamine. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, rigidity, hyperreflexia, and clonus. Given the rapid onset of symptoms, a diagnosis of serotonin syndrome was made. Laboratory studies showed an acute-on-chronic kidney injury and elevated creatine kinase. The patient’s mental status quickly returned to baseline with supportive care. Her rhabdomyolysis, however, persisted and led to acute compartment syndrome in her lower extremities. After bilateral leg fasciotomies and treatment of a severe wound infection with intravenous antibiotics, the patient has now recovered with complete resolution of her symptoms. She has regained her walking ability. <b>Conclusions:</b>This case illustrates the potential for severe symptoms due to excessive stimulation of serotonin receptors. Although severe rhabdomyolysis as seen in this case is rare, it is important to recognize serotonin syndrome early in the disease course so that appropriate treatment can be initiated and potential limb- and life-threatening symptoms can be prevented. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Haringer has nothing to disclose. Dr. Warner has nothing to disclose.
The Pathogenesis of Iron Deficiency Anemia Following Partial Gastrectomy
Authors: Carlien Kimber
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Eight patients who had iron deficiency anemia after partial gastrectomy were tested to determine the role of blood loss and impaired absorption of iron in the individual case. Significant intermittent blood loss was documented in seven patients, while decreased iron absorption was found in only five. In four patients, both these factors were additive in causing iron deficiency. In the single patient with decreased absorption of the test dose of iron without evidence of bleeding, the anemia responded rapidly to therapeutic doses of orally administered iron. These data stress the relative importance of blood loss as a causal factor in iron deficiency after gastric surgery.
Health Implications of Nuclear Energy
Authors: DAVID E. DRUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1979Health Implications of Nuclear EnergyDAVID E. DRUM, M.D., PH.D.DAVID E. DRUM, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-1-127 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Few controversies today reflect so dramatically the need for public education as does that arising from fear of the consequences of environmental radiation. A recent editorial in this journal, "Health Implications of Nuclear Power Production" (1), suggested that physicians should be as aware of potential threats to health as they are of clearly documented current sources of illness, injury, and disability (1).As in other public debates involving judgment, there are biases and merits on each side of the arena. Much of the editorial, however, elaborated on hypothetical circumstances of extreme degree and very low probability.Three...References1. SOLONSIDEL LV. Health implications of nuclear power production. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:424-6. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HALL E. Radiobiology for the Radiologist. 2nd ed. New York: Harper and Row; 1978. Google Scholar3. Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. New York: 1977. Google Scholar4. WEINBERG A. Social institutions and nuclear energy. Science. 1972;177:27-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WEAVER K. The promise and peril of nuclear energy. National Geographic. 1979;155:459-73. Google Scholar1. SOLONSIDEL LV. Health implications of nuclear power production. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:424-6. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GOFMAN J. The plutonium controversy. JAMA. 1976;236:284-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MANCUSOSTEWARTKNEALE TAG. Radiation exposures of Hanford workers dying from cancer and other causes. Health Physics. 1977;33:369-85. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BAIRTHOMPSON WR. Plutonium: biomedical research. Science. 1974;183:715-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. NAJARIANCOLTON TT. Mortality from leukaemia and cancer in shipyard nuclear workers. Lancet. 1978;1:1018-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1979Volume 91, Issue 1Page: 127-128KeywordsDisabilitiesEnvironmental healthFear Issue Published: 1 July 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
1008-10 Electrocardiographic Configuration Criteria Distinguishing “Endocardial” from “Epicardial” Accessory Pathways in the Left Posteroseptal Space
Authors: Erica Braun, Riccardo Cappato, Christian Weiss, Michael Schlüter, Joachim Hebe, Thomas Meinertz, Karl-Heinz Kuck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Bleomycin Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Authors: PAUL Y. HOLOYE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Three patients developed radiologic and functional pulmonary changes after bleomycin therapy similar to ones previously associated with administration of this drug. However, biopsy specimens showed a pattern consistent with hypersensitivity pneumonitis rather than the interstitial pneumonia usually reported in bleomycin pulmonary toxicity. There was a patchy eosinophilic infiltrate surrounding small airways and distal air spaces, but no immune deposits were noted by ultrastructure or immunofluorescence using conventional techniques and a specific antibody against bleomycin. Two of the patients had peripheral eosinophilia of 12% and 16%. All three patients showed considerable improvement on chest roentgenogram after corticosteroid treatment. Our findings are consistant with the view that bleomycin hypersensitivity pneumonitis has a different pathogenesis than bleomycin interstitial pneumonitis. Its recognition as a separate entity seems warrnated because of the favorable response to steroid therapy.