tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ATAC trial: reporting interim results is not helpful
Authors: H. Goodare
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—We should like to raise some concerns about the ATAC (arimidex, tamoxifen alone or in combination) trial, which was reported on in the Lancet after only half the time stipulated in the protocol (2.5 years instead of 5).1 Ravdin has raised important points: “Early reporting rules can powerfully …
Psychiatric Disturbances in Wilson's Disease.
Authors: I. Herbert Scheinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Psychiatric Disturbances in Wilson's Disease.I. Herbert Scheinberg, M.D.I. Herbert Scheinberg, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-916_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWilson's disease, or chronic copper toxicity, occurs in individuals with an inherited metabolic defect that causes an abnormally high retention of dietary copper. In roughly one third of the patients, the first clinical manifestation of the illness is psychiatric as exemplified by the following three patients: one man, in whom paranoid delusions were later revealed, murderously assaulted a fellow worker; a young adult was arrested for Peeping Tom activities; an adolescent girl was taken to a psychoanalyst for pronounced emotional disturbance. Some patients have been found as undiagnosed inmates of mental hospitals. In perhaps half of the patients in whom... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: I. Herbert Scheinberg, M.D.Affiliations: Bronx, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 916-916KeywordsAdolescentsEmotionsMetabolic disordersToxicityYoung adults ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prevention of Poliomyelitis in Singapore by Live Vaccine
Authors: L. H. Lee, K. A. Lim, C. Y. Tye
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Hookworm Disease-Salem and TrueloveMIBRfINuL 1077an abnormal jejunal biopsy specimen.Both responded well to treatment.The stools of five contacts of the second patient and of four other Pakistanis have been examined and hookworm infestation has been found in five of them.It is suggested that a public-health problem exists on two counts.First, there may be many immigrants suffering from hookworm infestation who need to be treated for the sake of their own health.Secondly, the possibility of the spread of hookworm disease in Great Britain must exist while such cases go untreated.
Congenital Systemic Candidiasis
Authors: Ann M. Dvorak, Bela Gavaller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

CANDIDA infection contracted in utero and manifest at birth is a rare event. The present report deals with an infant delivered at thirty-two weeks' gestation by cesarean section. The membranes were intact at the time of delivery. He died at thirty-four hours of age. Candidiasis was diagnosed at birth and confirmed at autopsy. We believe this to be the first fully documented case of congenitally acquired systemic candidiasis.Case ReportA male infant was delivered by cesarean section after 32 weeks' gestation. The mother, a 37-year-old gravida 5, para 3, had previously given birth to twins. All infants had been . . .
Effect of external force on relaxation kinetics in single frog atrial cardiac cells.
Authors: M Tarr, J W Trank, K K Goertz
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The effects of external force on relaxation kinetics were investigated in isolated single frog (Rana catesbeiana) atrial cells. We found that force decay occurred at a maximum and constant rate for a significant portion of auxotonic relaxation, and this rate was linearly related to the peak force developed during auxotonic contraction. The slope of the linear relationship between the maximum rate of auxotonic force decay and peak auxotonic force was not affected by changes in the level of contractile activation produced by activating the cell with different stimulus durations. The rate of force change during auxotonic contraction and relaxation in the isolated cell is directly related to the average sarcomere velocity within the cell. Thus, the results indicate that during auxotonic relaxation the velocity of sarcomere extension is directly related to the peak auxotonic force, and sarcomere extension, during relaxation, is therefore affected by external force. The direct effect of external force on relaxation kinetics was confirmed by the observation that force changes imposed on the cell during relaxation immediately altered the velocity of the extending cell from any given length. However, data are also presented which demonstrate that rapid sarcomere extension occurs during relaxation under conditions where external forces are negligible. Thus, rapid sarcomere extension during relaxation does not require large external forces, and internal forces must play a role in sarcomere extension during relaxation. An explanation is given for these apparently contradictory results.
High Carbohydrate Diets in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: CARL M. KIRSCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986High Carbohydrate Diets in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseCARL M. KIRSCH, M.D.CARL M. KIRSCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-590_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Angelillo and coworkers (1) tried to show that the low carbohydrate diet was associated with a significant decrease in arterial PCO2and that spirometric results were significantly improved at the end of the study. We are not told when and how arterial blood gas measurement and spirometric tests were done, nor are we told the reproducibility of such measurements in their laboratory. I question the validity of reporting arterial blood gas partial pressures to two decimal places and wonder whether the difference between a PCO2of 49 and 47.50 mm Hg is statistically significant in view of...References1. ANGELILLOBEDIDURFEEDAHLPATTERSONO'DONOHUE VSDJAW. Effects of low and high carbohydrate feedings in ambulatory patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic hypercapnia. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103(6 pt 1)883-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MOHLERCOLLIERBRANDT JCW. Blood gases. In: CLAUSEN JL, ed. Pulmonary Function Testing Guidelines and Controversies. New York: Academic Press; 1982:251. Google Scholar1. ANGELILLOBEDIDURFEEDAHLPATTERSONO'DONOHUE VSDJAW. Effects of low and high carbohydrate feedings in ambulatory patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic hypercapnia. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:883-5. LinkGoogle Scholar1. GARFINKELROBINSONPRICE FSC. Replacing carbohydrate calories with fat calories in entral feeding for patients with impaired respiratory function. JPEN. 1985;9:106. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. GOLDSTEINWEISSMANASKNAZI SCJ. Functional improvements in malnourished C.O.L.D. patients during refeeding. JPEN. 1985;9:109 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CARL M. KIRSCH, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 590-591KeywordsArterial blood gasCarbohydratesChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseDietPartial pressure of carbon dioxideReproducibilityResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 1305: Basal level of FANCD2 monoubiquitination is required for the maintenance of a sufficient number of licensed-replication origins to fire at a normal rate
Authors: Panneerselvam Jayabal, Anna Pickering, Han Bing, Fei Peiwen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Normal DNA replication starts following the stepwise recruitment of replication initiators to assemble Mini-chromosome Maintenance (MCM) 2-7 protein complexes at an adequate amount of DNA replication origins. Under normal conditions, the monoubiquitination of Fanconi Anemia (FA) group D2 protein (FANCD2) occurs in each S-phase of cell cycle, which is the basal level of FANCD2 monoubiquitination. However, little is known regarding the roles of this basal level of monoubiquitinated FANCD2. Here, we report that monoubiquitnated FANCD2 in each S-phase of a given cell cycle can interact with replication origins and MCM3. In normally growing cells, the presence of non-monoubiquitinated FANCD2 or mutant MCM3 lacking AA 477-480 responsible for interacting with FANCD2 can lead to an insufficient amount of licensed origins ready for firing and, thereby, enlarged intervals between the fired origins. These results demonstrate that in normally cycling cells, the monoubiquitinated FANCD2 is required to maintain an enough number of licensed origins to initiate a normal DNA replication. This finding is the first to provide insights into how FANCD2 functions under normal conditions of cell cycle to maintain genome stability, as well as its resulting implications in the strategic improvement for the fight against human cancer. This study is funded by NIH RO1CA136532. Citation Format: Panneerselvam Jayabal, Anna Pickering, Han Bing, Fei Peiwen. Basal level of FANCD2 monoubiquitination is required for the maintenance of a sufficient number of licensed-replication origins to fire at a normal rate. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1305. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1305
A critical assessment of the roles of circulating hydrogen ion and lactate in the production of exercise-induced asthma.
Authors: R H Strauss, R H Ingram, E R McFadden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

To evaluate the roles of circulating hydrogen ion and lactate in the production of exercise-induced asthma, two experiments were performed. In the first, we exercised six asthmatic subjects to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer while recording arterial pH at periodic intervals. Multiple aspects of pulmonary mechanics were measured before and after the work load. After recovery, the identical procedures were repeated, but sufficient quantities of sodium bicarbonate were infused to keep the pH at the pre-exercise level. In both experiments, statistically identical attacks of asthma were induced. To study the effect of lactate, five subjects were exercised on several occasions in order to determine the lowest level of work, and hence arterial lactate, that was reproducibly associated with an acute asthma attack. When this was known, sufficient quantities of sodium lactate were infused into the resting subjects so as to equal or exceed the amount produced with exercise. Pulmonary mechanics were not altered with this intervention. These findings demonstrate that lactic acidemia is not the cause of exercise-induced asthma.
Retrograde AV nodal conduction can be selectively eliminated by neodymium: YAG laser photocoagulation in dogs
Authors: Laszlo Littmann, Robert H. Svenson, Chi Hui Chuang, Saroja Bharati, Maurice Lev, Christoph Hehrlein, Robert Splinter, Jan R. Tuntelder, Michelle Thompson, George P. Tatsis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
P275 Ebus Or Eus In The Diagnosis Of Sarcoidosis?
Authors: A. Marshall, I. MacPherson, G. Currie, G. Chalmers
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The utility of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis was shown in the GRANULOMA trial.<sup>1</sup> However, in the study, two thirds of samples were obtained using Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) via the gastrointestinal tract, and one third by Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS). Since this does not reflect typical practice in many areas, we assessed the diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS in suspected sarcoidosis and whether sampling nodes not accessible by EUS confers benefit. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively collected data relating to 128 consecutive patients in two separate experienced centres, who underwent EBUS over a 3 year period (2011–2013) with a pretest differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Final diagnosis was based on decision at subsequent clinic review. <h3>Results</h3> 129 EBUS procedures were performed in 128 patients (57% male, mean (range) age 49 (22–79) years. 221 nodal stations were sampled (median of 2 stations each patient) with no significant complications. Concurrent trans-bronchial biopsy (TBB) was carried out in 30 patients and endobronchial biopsy (EBB) in 10. Overall diagnostic sensitivity (for each biopsy procedure alone) was as follows: EBB 44%, TBB 50%, EBUS 71%, while combining EBUS with EBB/TBB conferred a sensitivity of 79%. Diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS was 77% for stage 1 and 62% for stage 2 sarcoidosis, and increased according to number of stations sampled (1 station 66%, 2 stations 70%, ≥3 stations 92%). Sensitivity from EUS-accessible nodes (Stations 7 and 4) was 72%, while this was 56% in EUS- inaccessible nodes (Stations 2, 10 and 11). If EUS-accessible nodes were present and sampled, additional sampling of EUS-inaccessible nodes did not further the diagnosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In suspected sarcoidosis, the diagnostic yield of EBUS was 71%. Using additional bronchial biopsy techniques increased this by 8%. Mediastinal nodes, accessible by both EUS and EBUS, would appear to be the preferred site of sampling. However, EBUS allows sampling of nodes not accessible to EUS, which may be diagnostic if there is isolated hilar lymphadenopathy. <h3>Reference</h3> von Bartheld MB, Dekkers OM, Szlubowski A, <i>et al</i>. Endosonography vs Conventional Bronchoscopy for the Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis. <i>JAMA</i>; 2013;309(23): 2547-2464
THE CLINICALLY BASED NEW YORK STATE RISK SCORE IS SUPERIOR TO THE ANGIOGRAPHICALLY BASED SYNTAX RISK SCORE FOR PREDICTING PATIENT OUTCOMES AFTER PCI
Authors: Atul M. Limaye, Roshan Patel, Sweta Chandela, Paul Lee, Biana Trost, Rucha Karajgikar, Jason C. Kovacic, Robert T. Pyo, Joseph Sweeney, Javed Suleman, Michael Kim, Prakash Krishnan, Pedro Moreno, Annapoorna Kini, Samin K. Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
German doctors may have to report patients who have piercings and beauty treatments
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2007)

People who are acutely ill out of hours should have easy access to a wider range of innovative medical services in the community to improve their care and reduce unnecessary hospital visits, a report by the Royal College of Physicians recommends.The report, Acute Medical Care: The Right Person, in the Right Setting, First Time, argues that current out of hours care is generally inadequate and inflexible, so patients with acute illness go to hospitals because there is no alternative.It recommends that provision of acute, unscheduled medical care in the community should expand with a range of different levels of emergency care, offering extended opening times and direct access to competent staff.New options might include urgent care centres in the community; rapid access medical outpatient clinics; and specialist outreach services from hospitals for acute deterioration of long term illness.These services must be evidence based, and the professionals delivering them must have the same competencies in acute medical care as hospital providers, it says.Competent decision making requires diagnostic support, says the report, which calls for improved availability of these services.The task force that developed the recommendations, based on a review of available evidence, wants to replace "see and greet"-in which services provide an initial assessment before referring on-with "see and treat"-providing accurate assessment and delivery of treatment at the first contact.Bryan Williams, professor of medicine at the University of Leicester, and chairman of the task force, said, "Getting it right for acute medical care needs changes in the way care is organised to get the most and the best out of staff and local resources and to provide fast and efficient care for patients.It needs changes in the way we work as professionals across the board, to provide wider and more flexible access to clinical decision makers."Big acute hospitals that serve local regions should provide the most intensive level of emergency and complex acute medical care in each area.They should have emergency departments located close to acute medical and critical care units, ideally as part of an emergency floor.To ensure that people are aware of the range of services, the report recommends developing local navigation hubs, each with a single, well publicised access telephone number distinct from 999, the emergency services number.
A Functional Metagene Incorporating TTK Protein Kinase, Aurora Kinase B and Glucosylceramide Synthase Predicts Response to Treatment in Primary Breast Cancer.
Authors: N. Juul, A. Eklund, Q. Li, J. Downward, R. Burrell, Z. Szallasi, Z. Szallasi, C. Swanton, C. Swanton
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Deriving robust gene expression signatures from microarray data that predict response to a given chemotherapeutic treatment has been hindered due to over-fitting of data. To overcome this problem, we have taken the approach to combine genes known to be functionally involved in drug response into a “functional metagene” to predict pathological complete response to treatment in primary breast cancer.Using published functional genomics RNA interference data and microarray datasets we identified 46 genes that alter paclitaxel sensitivity in laboratory cell line models and are also measured by the U133A microarray platform. In order to filter genes into a functional metagene with a putative role in taxane response in breast cancer, we addressed whether the expression of these genes was predictive of pathological complete response in a primary breast cancer clinical dataset treated with taxane, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (TFAC). We identified two genes, TTK protein kinase and aurora kinase B, which showed increased expression in responders, and one gene, glucosylceramide synthase, which showed decreased expression in responders (P &amp;lt; 0.001, AUC &amp;gt; 0.7, all 3 genes). We then combined these three genes into a functional metagene which we tested in a validation clinical trial cohort that had also received TFAC. We found that the functional metagene robustly predicted pCR in the validation clinical trial cohort (P &amp;lt; 0.001, AUC = 0.8). These data suggest a relevance of ceramide metabolism and the expression of kinases that sense tension across the sister chromatid pair in determining response to taxane combination chemotherapy schedules in vivo. We believe that this approach of using functional genomics in combination with gene expression datasets will improve the prediction of therapeutic response in cancer medicine. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2032.
Treatment of pemphigus with cyclophosphamide
Authors: J.S. PASRICHA, V.D. SOOD, Y. MINOCHA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Cyclophosphamide was ineffective in controlling acute disease activity in nine of eleven pemphigus patients, but when given during the remission phase even 50 mg cyclophosphamide per day was sufficient to prevent subsequent relapses in all the patients for quite long periods of follow‐up. This small dose of cyclophosphamide could be given to outpatients and there were no side effects.
Rapid uptake of new surgical technique associated with rise in harms, study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The rapid diffusion of minimally invasive radical prostatectomy was transiently associated with a twofold higher risk in harm to patients, concludes a new US study.1

The study, whose lead author was J Kellogg Parsons of the University of California, San Diego Health Systems, was published by JAMA Surgery . The researchers compared the incidence of preventable patient injuries between minimally invasive surgery and open radical prostatectomy from 2003 to 2009.

During these years, driven largely by the introduction of the da Vinci robotic surgical system, the number of minimally invasive procedures performed in the United States rose from just over 600 in 2003 to nearly 38 000 in 2009, as the proportion of minimally invasive procedures rose from 6% of radical prostatectomies in 2004 and 2005 to more than half of prostatectomies by 2009.

The researchers were particularly interested in the risks …
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Following Prolonged Inhalation of Hair Spray
Authors: Gene C. Stringer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PUBLIC concern about the potential hazards of industrial pulmonary pollutants has been steadily on the increase over the past decade. In 1958 Bergmann<sup>1</sup>first described two cases of pneumonitis in patients that he felt were associated with the excessive inhalation of hair spray, a condition he termed "thesaurosis" (derivation: Greek "thesauros" to English "thesaurus," meaning repository, ie, "storage disease"). <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 33-year-old woman in previously good health was admitted to Bethesda Lutheran Medical Center in February 1976 for a routine vein ligation and stripping. Chest xray film at that time showed a diffuse nodularity throughout both lung fields (Fig 1). All x-ray films previous to July 1975 had been normal. She stated that for the prior 11-month period she had experienced a nonproductive cough with mild chest tightness, primarily while at work. During this time she had been an assembly worker in a local aerosol hair
Cognitive–behavioral therapy improved response and remission at 6 and 12 months in treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Rebecca McKnight, John Geddes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Wiles N, Thomas L, Abel A, et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for primary care based patients with treatment resistant depression: results of the CoBalT randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2013;381:375-84. 23219570