tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alexithymia in Cancer Patients: Review of the Literature
Authors: A.M.M. De Vries, V. Forni, R. Voellinger, F. Stiefel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt; To summarize the literature on alexithymia in cancer patients. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The empirical literature published between 1972 and January 2010 was searched through MEDLINE, PSYINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Key words were: alexithymia, affective symptoms, cancer, neoplasms. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The search identified 16 relevant studies which are methodologically problematic and show conflicting results. However, several interesting hypotheses emerge such as a possible link between alexithymia and the immune system, between alexithymia and quality of life, or between alexithymia, anxiety and depression. The question to what degree alexithymia in cancer patients is a trait or a state cannot be answered by these studies. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; A lack of methodologically sound studies and the large variations of results among studies suggest that the role of alexithymia in patients with cancer deserves more systematic research. Consequently, studies are needed which investigate the nature (state or trait) of alexithymia, its impact on cancer development and progression, as well as its influence on compliance and on the underestimation of psychological distress and psychiatric outcome in cancer patients.
Evaluation of a New Preserved Latex Antigen for the Sero-Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: M. Goldin, A. Black
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1964)

Serological procedures useful for the detection of rheumatoid factors, utilizing polystyrene latex particles, have become well established and show a reasonably good degree of specificity and sensitivity (Mayne and Mathieson, 1961; Plotz and Singer, 1956; Vaughan, 1959).The use of these tests has been reviewed by Singer (1961) andWaller, Decker, Toone, andIrby (1961).The tests have also been found of value in studying patients with nonrheumatic diseases (Atwater and Jacox, 1963; Caplan, 1963; Dresner and Trombly, 1959; Howell, Malcolm, and Pike, 1960).Many modifications of the original Singer and Plotz Fraction II Latex Particle (F-IT L.P.) method (Singer and Plotz, 1956) have been reported, both slide and test tube (Bird and Burr, 1962; Rheins, McCoy, Buehler, and Burrell, 1957a; Singer and Plotz, 1958a, b).The F-TI L.P. procedure uses polystyrene latex particles (Dow, 0 81 ,t in diameter) sensitized with human gamma globulin (Fraction TI) in an alkaline buffer.Rheins, McCoy, Burrell, and Buehler (1957b) showed that gamma globulin from seven animal species, including bovine, could be used in place of
Reliability of a pulmonary embolism management algorithm
Authors: S Bari
Journal: Thorax (2006)

▴ van Belle A, Buller HR, Huisman MV, et al for the Christopher Study Investigators. Effectiveness of managing suspected pulmonary embolism using an algorithm combining clinical probability, d-dimer testing, and computed tomography. JAMA 2006;295:172–9 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] The combination of clinical scoring systems and d-dimer testing is increasingly being used to stratify probabilities of pulmonary embolism (PE). This study was targeted to assess the clinical effectiveness of an algorithm using clinical decision rules, d-dimer testing, and CT scans in patients with suspected PE. The primary outcome measures were fatal or symptomatic venous … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DWriting%2BGroup%2Bfor%2Bthe%2BChristopher%2BStudy%2BInvestigat%26rft.auinit1%253D%2B%26rft.volume%253D295%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D172%26rft.epage%253D179%26rft.atitle%253DEffectiveness%2Bof%2BManaging%2BSuspected%2BPulmonary%2BEmbolism%2BUsing%2Ban%2BAlgorithm%2BCombining%2BClinical%2BProbability%252C%2BD-Dimer%2BTesting%252C%2Band%2BComputed%2BTomography%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.295.2.172%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16403929%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.295.2.172&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16403929&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F61%2F4%2F347.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000234544300024&link_type=ISI
Dissociation as a Predictor of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Outcome in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Michael Rufer, Dada Held, Julia Cremer, Susanne Fricke, Steffen Moritz, Helmut Peter, Iver Hand
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Previous studies have found a strong association between dissociation and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether dissociation is a predictor of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) outcome in patients with OCD. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Fifty-two patients with OCD were assessed using the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. CBT lasted on average 9.5 weeks and included exposure therapy. &lt;i&gt;Results: &lt;/i&gt;Patients who dropped out due to noncompliance had higher baseline DES scores and depression scores compared to the 43 patients (83%) who completed the study. Significant OCD symptom reduction at posttreatment was observed in study completers with a large effect size (d = 1.7). More severe OCD symptoms at posttreatment were associated with higher DES scores at baseline, and treatment nonresponders had significantly higher baseline DES scores compared to responders. These associations with outcome were mainly due to the DES subfactor absorption-imaginative involvement. In regression analyses, higher absorption-imaginative involvement scores at baseline predicted poorer CBT outcome, even after controlling for depressive symptoms, comorbid axis I disorders and concomitant psychotropic drugs. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Results from this preliminary study suggest that higher levels of dissociation (particularly absorption-imaginative involvement) in patients with OCD might predict poorer CBT outcome. If our results can be replicated, treatment outcome might be improved by additional interventions for those patients with OCD who indicate high levels of dissociation, for example by using interventions aimed at improving coping with emotionally stressful situations.
968-25 In Vivo Incorporation Kinetics of 35 S Labelled Antisense c-myc Oligonucleotides in Rabbits Carotid Arteries
Authors: Angelica Fieser, Patrick Rabbath, Martin Bouchard, Rémi Martel, Pierre Voisine, Guy Leclerc
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
IL-13, IL-4Rα, and Stat6 Are Required for the Expulsion of the Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis
Authors: Joseph F Urban, Nancy Noben-Trauth, Debra D Donaldson, Kathleen B Madden, Suzanne C Morris, Mary Collins, Fred D Finkelman
Journal: Immunity (1998)
Annual Clinical Updates in Hematological Malignancies: A Continuing Medical Education Series: Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Disease overview: Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are myeloproliferative neoplasms primarily characterized by erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis, respectively. Other disease features include leukocytosis, splenomegaly, thrombohemorrhagic complications, vasomotor disturbances, pruritus, and a small risk of disease progression into acute leukemia or myelofibrosis. Diagnosis: Diagnosis is based on JAK2 mutation status (PV and ET), serum erythropoietin (Epo) level (PV), and bone marrow histopathology (ET). The presence of a JAK2 mutation and subnormal serum Epo level confirm a diagnosis of PV. Differential diagnosis in ET should include chronic myelogenous leukemia and prefibrotic myelofibrosis. Risk stratification: Current risk stratification in PV and ET is designed to estimate the likelihood of thrombotic complications: high‐risk‐age &gt;60 years or presence of thrombosis history; low‐risk‐absence of both of these two risk factors. Presence of extreme thrombocytosis (platelet count &gt;1,000 × 10 9 /L) might be associated with acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS) and, therefore, risk of bleeding. Risk factors for shortened survival in both PV and ET include age &gt;60 years, leukocytosis, history of thrombosis, and anemia. Risk‐adapted therapy: Survival is near‐normal in ET and reasonably long in PV. The 10‐year risk of leukemic/fibrotic transformation is &lt;1%/1% in ET and &lt;5%/10% in PV. In contrast, the risk of thrombosis exceeds 20%. The main goal of therapy is therefore to prevent thrombohemorrhagic complications and this is effectively and safely accomplished by the use of low‐dose aspirin (PV and ET), phlebotomy (PV), and hydroxyurea (high risk PV and ET). Treatment with busulfan or interferon‐α is usually effective in hydroxyurea failures. Am. J. Hematol. 86:293–301, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Vienna declaration on nutrition and non-communicable diseases
Authors: D. A. Lawlor, N. Pearce
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Vienna is sometimes called the "city of dreams" because of its central role as the birthplace of psychoanalysis.Now it is playing a central role in a very different type of health problem, that of non-communicable diseases.On 5 July the Vienna declaration was launched at the World Health Organization ministerial conference on non-communicable diseases in the context of Health 2020. 1 Of particular concern was "the rapid rise of overweight and obesity, especially in children."
Mixed gastric infection by Gastrospirillum hominis and Helicobacter pylori
Authors: DulcieneM.M. Queiroz, MônicaM.D.A. Cabral, AnaM.M.F. Nogueira, AlfredoJ.A. Barbosa, GifoneA. Rocha, EdilbertoN. Mendes
Journal: The Lancet (1990)
Value of perfusion lung scan in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: results of the Prospective Investigative Study of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PISA-PED).
Authors: M Miniati, M Pistolesi, C Marini, G Di Ricco, B Formichi, R Prediletto, G Allescia, L Tonelli, H D Sostman, C Giuntini
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

To assess the value of perfusion lung scan in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, we prospectively evaluated 890 consecutive patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Prior to lung scanning, each patient was assigned a clinical probability of pulmonary embolism (very likely, possible, unlikely). Perfusion scans were independently classified as follows: (1) normal, (2) near-normal, (3) abnormal compatible with pulmonary embolism (PE+: single or multiple wedge-shaped perfusion defects), or (4) abnormal not compatible with pulmonary embolism (PE-: perfusion defects other than wedge-shaped). The study design required pulmonary angiography and clinical and scintigraphic follow-up in all patients with abnormal scans. Of 890 scans, 220 were classified as normal/or near-normal and 670 as abnormal. A definitive diagnosis was established in 563 (84%) patients with abnormal scans. The overall prevalence of pulmonary embolism was 39%. Most patients with angiographically proven pulmonary embolism had PE+ scans (sensitivity: 92%). Conversely, most patients without emboli on angiography had PE- scans (specificity: 87%). A PE+ scan associated with a very likely or possible clinical presentation of pulmonary embolism had positive predictive values of 99 and 92%, respectively. A PE- scan paired with an unlikely clinical presentation had a negative predictive value of 97%. Clinical assessment combined with perfusion-scan evaluation established or excluded pulmonary embolism in the majority of patients with abnormal scans. Our data indicate that accurate diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is possible by perfusion scanning alone, without ventilation imaging. Combining perfusion scanning with clinical assessment helps to restrict the need for angiography to a minority of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.
739 ALT FLARES DURING TREATMENT WITH PEGINTERFERON LAMBDA OR PEGINTERFERON alfa IN PATIENTS WITH HBeAg-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTION (CHB)
Authors: H.L. Chan, S.H. Ahn, T.-T. Chang, C.-Y. Peng, D. Wong, C. Coffin, S.G. Lim, P.-J. Chen, H.L. Janssen, P. Marcellin, L. Serfaty, S. Zeuzem, W. Hu, L. Critelli, M. Wind-Rotolo, S. Srinivasan, J.C. Lopez-Talavera, E. Cooney
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Gall stone dissolving agents.
Authors: I A Bouchier
Journal: BMJ (1983)

During the decade in which the medical dissolution of gall stones has become feasible several drugs have been introduced but only the two listed in the British National Formulary have been intensively evaluated and shown to be effective--chenodeoxycholic acid and the closely allied ursodeoxycholic acid. The dissolution of gall stones was last reviewed in the "BMF" in 1976, at which stage experience with chenodeoxycholic acid was limited. Since then the indications and potential for this bile acid in treating gall stones have become better understood, and data on the newly introduced ursodeoxycholic acid are being evaluated. Cholesterol, but not pigment, gall stones are amenable to oral dissolution treatment. This review will cover firstly, chenodeoxycholic acid, secondly, ursodeoxycholic acid, then a comparison of the two drugs, an assessment of the place of medical dissolution in the management of gall stones, and, finally, the dissolution of stones in the common bile duct.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin inhibits acute liver failure in mice
Authors: Nils Jedicke, Nina Struever, Nupur Aggrawal, Tobias Welte, Michael P. Manns, Nisar P. Malek, Lars Zender, Sabina Janciauskiene, Torsten Wuestefeld
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Acute liver failure remains a critical clinical condition, with high mortality rates, and increased apoptosis of hepatocytes represents a key event in the cause of liver failure. Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is synthesized and secreted mainly by hepatocytes, and plasma purified AAT is used for augmentation therapy in patients with AAT deficiency. Because AAT therapy exerts antiinflammatory and immune modulatory activities in various experimental models, and it was recently suggested that AAT exerts antiapoptotic activities, we aimed to explore whether administration of AAT may represent a therapeutic strategy to treat acute liver failure in mice. Well-established preclinical models of acute liver failure such as the Jo2 FAS/CD95 activating model and models of acetaminophen and α-amanitin poisoning were used. Therapeutic effects of AAT were evaluated by monitoring animal survival, histopathological changes, measurement of caspase activity, and serum cytokine levels. Systemic treatment with AAT significantly decreased Jo2-induced liver cell apoptosis and prolonged survival of mice. Native and oxidized (lacking elastase inhibitory activity) forms of AAT were equally effective in preventing acute liver injury and showed direct inhibition of active caspase-3 and −8 in liver homogenates and in a cell-free system in vitro . Concomitantly, mice treated with AAT showed significantly lower serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which also paralleled the reduced activity of ADAM17 (TACE). Noticeably, the increased survival and a reduction of apoptotic hepatocytes were also observed in the α-amanitin and acetaminophen-induced liver injury mouse models. Conclusion : Our data suggest that systemic administration of AAT can be a promising therapy to treat acute liver failure and clinical studies to explore this treatment in humans should be initiated. (Hepatology 2014;59:2299–2308)
Population and Reproductive Rights: Feminist Perspectives from the South
Authors: A J McMichael
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Sonia Correa Zed Books, £10.95, pp 136 ISBN 1 85649 284 2

In The Origins of Human Disease the eminent social historian Thomas McKeown wrote: “the control of [population] numbers is an emotive subject which touches on national, religious and racial sensibilities.” Sonia Correa, author of Population and Reproductive Rights, would doubtless admonish him. Firstly, the word “control” implies gender inequality—men having power over women. Secondly, McKeown overlooks gender sensibilities, the focal point of Correa's book.

Explicitly political, the book was published to coincide with the 1994 United Nations international conference on population and development, in association with DAWN (Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era)—a network of Southern women activists and researchers tackling “the impact of …
Targeting Angiogenesis and HGF Function Using an Adenoviral Vector Expressing the HGF Antagonist NK4 for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Makoto Maemondo, Ko Narumi, Yasuo Saijo, Kazuhiro Usui, Minoru Tahara, Ryushi Tazawa, Koichi Hagiwara, Kunio Matsumoto, Toshikazu Nakamura, Toshihiro Nukiwa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) affects tumor growth/invasion and tumor neovascularization. A proposed HGF antagonist, NK4 (an amino-terminal kringle-domain peptide of HGF), inhibits tumor growth/invasion through the competition of HGF binding to its receptor, c-Met, and acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor. To investigate the in vivo effect of NK4 gene transfer, we constructed an adenovirus vector expressing human NK4 (AdCMV.NK4). Human lung cancer cell lines (A549 and H358) infected in vitro with AdCMV.NK4 yielded NK4 protein without a change in the cell growth rate. In contrast, direct injection of AdCMV.NK4 (1 x 10(9) pfu, twice) into established subcutaneous tumors in BALB/c nu/nu mice resulted in suppression of the tumors by 64% for A549 or by 91% for H358 compared with controls (P<0.02 or P<0.01, respectively). Counting of the tumor vessels revealed suppressed vascularity by 57% in H358 tumors when using AdCMV.NK4 (P<0.0001). Furthermore, systemic NK4 delivery by intraperitoneal injection of AdCMV.NK4 effectively suppressed both angiogenesis in the Matrigel assay (86% reduction, P<0.032), subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo (by 65% for H358, P<0.001), and hematogenous lung metastases without obvious side effects. These results indicate that NK4 elicits tumor-growth suppression in vivo through its anti-angiogenic activity and anti-HGF activity and that NK4 gene transfer can be an effective tool in the treatment of cancer.
Effect of ethanol on vinyl chloride carcinogenesis.
Authors: M J Radike, K L Stemmer, E Bingham
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Four treatment groups (80 male Sprague-Dawley rats/group) were used in a 2 X 2 factorial design: inhalation of 600 ppm vinyl chloride (VC) 4 hr/day, 5 days/week for 1 year; VC and ingestion of 5% ethanol in water (v/v); filtered air and ethanol; filtered air. Ingestion of ethanol was begun 4 weeks prior to inhalation of VC and continued for life or termination of the study at two and one-half years from the first VC exposure. In this model system, ethanol potentiated the carcinogenic response to VC in the liver and produced an excess of neoplasms in animals receiving ethanol alone. Inhalation of VC induced angiosarcoma of the liver in 23% of the exposed animals; ethanol in addition to VC inhalation increased the incidence to 50%. Concomitant administration of VC and ethanol also produced an excess of hepatocellular carcinoma and lymphosarcoma. Ethanol with or without VC had a strong tumorigenic effect on the endocrine system. These results indicate that ethanol is a cocarcinogen in relation to the carcinogen VC.
A novel approach to preventing the hemolysis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: both complement-mediated cytolysis and C3 deposition are blocked by a monoclonal antibody specific for the alternative pathway of complement
Authors: Margaret A. Lindorfer, Andrew W. Pawluczkowycz, Elizabeth M. Peek, Kimberly Hickman, Ronald P. Taylor, Charles J. Parker
Journal: Blood (2010)
Are Diabetics More Susceptible to the Health Effects of Airborne Particles?
Authors: ANTONELLA ZANOBETTI, JOEL SCHWARTZ
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Convincing evidence now exists that particulate air pollution exacerbates heart and lung disease, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The populations particularly susceptible to these exposures are still unclear. Recent work on potential mechanisms of action of particulate air pollution point to pathways also influenced by diabetes. We examined whether diabetes modified the effect of airborne particles by looking at the association of PM(10) with hospital admissions for heart and lung disease in persons with or without diabetes as a comorbidity. In addition we stratified by age within persons with and without diabetes. We used Medicare data for Cook County, Illinois for the years 1988-1994, and found that a 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(10) was associated with a 2.01% (95% CI 1.40-2.62%) increase in admissions for heart disease with diabetes, but only a 0.94% (95% CI 0.61-1.28%) increase in persons without diabetes. Similar effect modification was not seen for lung diseases. When analyzing by age we found twice the PM(10)-associated risk for heart disease in diabetics than nondiabetics in both age groups. We found for pneumonia admissions that diabetes is an effect modifier in the younger age group, and for COPD in the older age group. We conclude that persons with diabetes are a susceptible population.
710-2 Coronary Stents Versus Balloon Angioplasty for Aorto-Coronary Saphenous Vein Bypass Graft Disease: Interim Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Michael Savage, John Douglas, David Fischman, Sarah Fenton, Spencer King, Carl Pepine, Steven Bailey, Paul Overlie, Jeffrey Werner, Martin Leon, Richard Heuser, Jeffrey Brinker, Maurice Buchbinder, Richard Smalling, David Snead, Randal Rake, Sharon Gebhardt, Richard Kerensky, Thomas Wargovich, Sheldon Goldberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Alcohol Intoxication and Withdrawal
Authors: Jan Koch-Weser, Edward M. Sellers, Harold Kalant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Jan Koch-Weser, M.D., Editor Though the therapy of alcoholism is based primarily on social, psychologic and occasionally psychiatric measures, drug therapies have been used in at least three major problems: intoxication itself; the withdrawal reactions that follow interruption of alcohol intake; and emotional problems in the post-withdrawal period that may lead to relapse into heavy drinking. This article deals only with the first two, since drug therapy of the third problem is in no way specific for alcoholism.Acute IntoxicationThe phenomena of acute intoxication depend not only on the blood alcohol concentration but also on the rate at which . . .
Shank, a Novel Family of Postsynaptic Density Proteins that Binds to the NMDA Receptor/PSD-95/GKAP Complex and Cortactin
Authors: Scott Naisbitt, Eunjoon Kim, Jian Cheng Tu, Bo Xiao, Carlo Sala, Juli Valtschanoff, Richard J. Weinberg, Paul F. Worley, Morgan Sheng
Journal: Neuron (1999)