tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Rarity of "Irreversible" Oral Dyskinesias Following Phenothiazines
Authors: NATHAN S. KLINE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

This author's inspection of the literature on oral dyskinesia following prolonged phenothiazine administration reveals that many of the cases reported do not meet the criteria necessary to establish the existence of a tardive, irreversible syndrome. He concludes that the incidence of this side effect has been misrepresented and that it should not be regarded as a significant danger in phenothiazine treatment.
THE METABOLISM OF CORTICOSTERONE IN MAN
Authors: Ralph E. Peterson, Charles E. Pierce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

In this paper the trivial names of the steroids have been used: cortisol (1 lp,17a,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione); cortisone (17a,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,-11,20-trione); corticosterone (11f,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione); tetrahydrocortisone (3a,17a,21-trihydroxy-pregnane-11,20-dione); tetrahydrocortisol (3a,11X8,- 17a,21 -tetrahydroxy-pregnane,20-one); tetrahydrocorti- costerone (3a,11p8,21-trihydroxy-pregnane-20-one); 9a- fluorocortisol (9ca-fluoro-11#,17a,21 -trihydroxy-4-preg- nene-3,20-dione); A1-9a-fluorocortisol (9a-fluoro-1 l,,17a,- MATERIALS AND METHODSSeventeen normal subj ects, one bilaterally adrenalectomized subject, and patients with cirrhosis, myxedema, and thyrotoxicosis were studied.Corticosterone was prepared for intravenous adminis- tration by dissolving 50, 100 or 200 mg of the crystalline steroid in 10 to 15 ml ethanol, which was added to 300 ml sterile 5 per cent dextrose in water.The solution was infused over a period of 10 to 20 minutes.The orally administered corticosterone was suspended in saline or given in a gelatin capsule.Corticosterone-4-C"4 (0.004 ,uc per ,g) was administered intravenously in trace quantities (100 to 400 ,ug) in a small volume of 5 per cent ethanol in sterile distilled water over a period
ASSOCIATION OF APOLIPOPROTEIN B SUBFRACTIONS AND CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM IN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS WITH INTERMEDIATE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
Authors: Kunal Bhatt, Wassim Odeh, Parag Joshi, Reynaria Pitts, Zhen Qian, Nancy Flockhart, Viju Varghese, James Lee, Russ Warnick, Mohmed Ashmaig, Szilard Voros, Joseph Miller, Sarah Rinehart
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 5111: Endothelial Neuregulin Expression is Essential for Angiogenesis in Response to Hindlimb Ischemia
Authors: Nadia Hedhli, Lawrence W Dobrucki, April Kalinowski, Xiaohong Wu, Albert J Sinusas, Kerry S Russell
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Neuregulins (NRG) are a family of growth factors synthesized by endothelial cells and shown to promote cell survival and growth via activation of erbB receptors. We have previously shown that NRG/erbB signaling may play a role in angiogenesis. Here, we tested whether endothelial-specific NRG deletion in vivo would affect angiogenesis in response to hindlimb ischemia induced by femoral artery ligation. A mouse expressing tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase under the control of the vascular endothelial cadherin promoter with homozygously floxed NRG sites (CFF) was generated. CFF or Cre only expressing mice (C) were treated daily with vehicle or tamoxifen beginning three days before femoral artery ligation (1 mg, ip to knock out endothelial NRG expression) and continuing for 7 days after surgery (n=5– 8 per group). To assess angiogenesis, mice were injected with a 99mTc-labeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide (99mTc- NC100692 , GE Healthcare) that specifically binds to activated α v integrins, followed by microSPECT imaging at 60 minutes post injection. Nuclear images were analyzed and the ratio of ischemic-to-nonischemic (I/N) NC100692 uptake within the distal hindlimb was calculated. The I/N uptake ratio was comparable between C tamoxifen and CFF vehicle treated animals (1.90±0.07 vs. 1.71±0.1, NS), but was significantly reduced in the CFF tamoxifen treated animals (1.29±0.1, P&lt;0.05 vs. both controls), indicating a decrease in angiogenesis. These findings were further validated using anti-PECAM stained sections of muscles taken from ischemic and non-ischemic hindlimbs to quantify capillaries. The ratio of capillary numbers per muscle fiber in the ischemic to nonischemic area was comparable between the C tamoxifen and CFF vehicle (1.52±0.28 vs. 1.46±0.18, NS). However, this ratio was significantly reduced in the CFF tamoxifen treated animals (1.07±0.09, P&lt;0.05 vs. both controls), confirming an impaired angiogenic response. These findings demonstrate a central role for NRG in mediating ischemia-induced angiogenesis and highlight the NRG/erbB pathway as a potential clinical target in the treatment of pathological and non-pathological angiogenesis.
Purkinje Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody Type 1 (Anti-Yo) Autoimmunity in a Child With Down Syndrome
Authors: Guillermo Philipps, Susan B. Alisanski, Michael Pranzatelli, Stacey L. Clardy, Vanda A. Lennon, Andrew McKeon
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 (PCA-1)-IgG (or anti-Yo) is characteristically detected in women with gynecological or breast adenocarcinoma. We describe 2 unique scenarios occurring in 1 patient: PCA-1 paraneoplastic autoimmunity in a child, and a paraneoplastic neurological disorder in the context of Down syndrome.A child with Down syndrome and a history of adrenocortical carcinoma resected at age 1 year presented at age 7 years with cerebellar ataxia of subacute onset. Paraneoplastic serological and cerebrospinal fluid evaluations revealed PCA-1. Serological and biochemical studies also supported a diagnosis of subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism. Extensive serum, urine, and radiological testing did not reveal a new or recurrent neoplasm. Neurological improvements after standard immunotherapy were lacking.Solid organ neoplasms are uncommon among patients with Down syndrome, but organ-specific autoimmune diseases are common. In our patient, Down syndrome-related impaired T regulatory lymphocyte function (previously reported) may have resulted in both enhanced immunity against an undetected solid neoplasm and paraneoplastic neurological (PCA-1) autoimmunity.
ACIP Moves Ahead With Plans for Use of IPV
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

REPRESENTING A BIG step toward the routine use of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) in children's immunization programs, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has approved a recommendation to make plans to expand the use of IPV in general pediatric practice.  The vote was five in favor and two abstentions. The two abstainers recused themselves on the grounds of conflict of interest. One member was a consultant for a vaccine manufacturer, the other was a member of a group that studied the use of IPV and the live oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Committee chair Jeffrey P. Davis, MD, chief medical officer of the Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Services, did not vote.  The ACIP recommendation is based on the fact that eight to 10 cases of paralytic polio occur each year in the United States because of the use of
Upregulation of fatty acid synthase gene expression in experimental chronic renal failure
Authors: Marek Szolkiewicz, Tomasz Nieweglowski, Justyna Korczynska, Elzbieta Sucajtys, Ewa Stelmanska, Elzbieta Goyke, Julian Swierczynski, Boleslaw Rutkowski
Journal: Metabolism (2002)
A retrospective assessment of mortality from the London smog episode of 1952: the role of influenza and pollution.
Authors: Michelle L Bell, Devra L Davis, Tony Fletcher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The London smog of 1952 is one of history's most important air pollution episodes in terms of its impact on science, public perception of air pollution, and government regulation. The association between health and air pollution during the episode was evident as a strong rise in air pollution levels was immediately followed by sharp increases in mortality and morbidity. However, mortality in the months after the smog was also elevated above normal levels. An initial government report proposed the hypothesis that influenza was responsible for high mortality during these months. Estimates of the number of influenza deaths were generated using multiple methods, indicating that only a fraction of the deaths in the months after the smog could be attributable to influenza. Sensitivity analysis reveals that only an extremely severe influenza epidemic could account for the majority of the excess deaths for this time period. Such an epidemic would be on the order of twice the case-fatality rate and quadruple the incidence observed in a general medical practice during the winter of 1953. These results underscore the need for diligence regarding extremely high air pollution that still exists in many parts of the world.
Australian report urging more transparency in public health research is kept unpublished
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disabling condition characterised by largely irreversible airflow obstruction, and affects over 3 million people in the UK.1 Due in large part to shared risk factors - notably smoking - patients with COPD often also have cardiovascular diseases, such as ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.23 In these conditions, beta-blockers are valuable management options with proven benefits on symptoms and mortality.4–6 Historically, however, clinicians have been reluctant to prescribe beta-blockers for patients with co-existing COPD, due to fear of provoking bronchoconstriction.3 Moreover, such patients have typically been excluded from trials of beta-blockers, raising additional concerns about the basis for treating them with these drugs.7 However, withholding beta-blocker therapy might lead to suboptimal treatment for cardiovascular disease among these patients. Here we review the efficacy and safety of beta-blockers in patients with COPD.
ACTH and Cortisone in the Treatment of Sickle-Cell Anemia
Authors: Morton Sass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

SICKLE-CELL anemia is a hereditary and familial form of chronic hemolytic anemia essentially peculiar to Negroes. Although many patients show a remarkable adaptation to their state of chronic anemia and live for many years, sickle-cell anemia is a serious malady with an ultimately fatal outcome. To date, treatment of this disease and its crises has been discouraging and unsatisfactory. The following case report describes the results obtained with prolonged treatment with ACTH and cortisone.Case ReportOn August 3, 1951, a 20-year-old dyspneic Negro woman entered the emergency room in marked distress, with the chief complaint of "sudden sharp agonizing . . .
Abstract P6-11-13: Phase I Study of Combined S-1 Plus Weekly Paclitaxel Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: J Watanabe, K Takahashi, K Tanaka, Y Tadokoro, A Ogiya, T Uematsu, M. Kimura
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: S-1, a novel anticancer compound, contains tegafur, a prodrug of fluorouracil (FU), 5-chloro-2.4-dihydroxypyridine, which prevents FU degradation, and potassium oxonate, which prevents drug-induced diarrhea, has a broad spectrum of activity against gastric, colorectal, head &amp; neck, and breast cancers. While combined S-1 with cisplatin or paclitaxel (PAC) therapy is feasible and highly active against gastrointestinal cancer, the feasibility in breast cancer patients has not yet been clarified. We conducted a phase I study of combined S-1 plus weekly PAC therapy (S-1/PAC) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) in patients (pts) with HER2-negative, taxane-naïve metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods: S-1 was administered orally from day 1 through day 14 and PAC was administered intravenously on days 1, 8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Since S-1 is prescribed at the dose of 80mg/m2 in monotherapy, the primary dose levels (level 1) were set at 65 and 70mg/m2, respectively. The final dose (level 3) was set at 80mg/m2 for each drugs. DLT was defined over 2 cycles. Results: Ten MBC pts were enrolled in the study. No DLTs were documented. Although grade 1 or 2 adverse events were seen in all pts, no cases of febrile neutropenia or Gr 4 neutropenia were observed. Of the 8 evaluable pts, 3 pts achieved partial response and 4 pts had stable disease. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, RD was determined to be 80mg/m2 for either drugs. We conclude that S-1/PAC was well-tolerated and highly active against HER2-negative MBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-11-13.
COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE KIDNEY
Authors: Homer W. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1953)

We cannot properly speak of physiology, and therefore we cannot speak of comparative physiology, until the time of Harvey. But it is worthy of emphasis that the discoverer of the circulation utilized the comparative method as extensively as any man since his time. It is something of a paradox that Harvey, in observations on the circulation of the blood, failed to challenge the Galenic view on how the blood got from the arteries to the veins but was content to believe that it seeped through the soft organs simply as water seeps through sand. <h3>CONTRIBUTIONS OF MALPIGHI</h3> The microscope, as improved by Galileo, was available in Harvey's time, but either because of lack of acquaintance with the instrument or lack of interest in the finer structure of the body, he failed to use it. It was Galileo's compatriot, Marcello Malpighi, who introduced this instrument into the study of the structure
Dose–Response Effect of Perfluorocarbon Administration on Lung Microvascular Permeability in Rats
Authors: Jean-Damien Ricard, Didier Dreyfuss, Jean-Pierre Laissy, Georges Saumon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

The effect of various perflubron doses on overdistension lung injury was evaluated. Rats were given perflubron at 0 ml/kg (control) to 20 ml/kg and ventilated with a VT of 33 ml/kg without or with 5 cm H2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). High (20 ml/kg), but not lower, perflubron doses aggravated lung capillary leak in the absence of PEEP. PEEP application aggravated capillary leak in controls, had no effect in those given a low (10 ml/kg) dose, but decreased the leak in rats ventilated with a large dose compared with zero end-expiratory pressure. In the presence of PEEP, this low dose decreased capillary leak compared with controls or with rats given the large dose. Lung computerized tomography scans showed that the large dose increased functional residual capacity by 68% and produced gas trapping that was reduced by PEEP. Thus, large doses predispose to overdistension injury whereas low doses do not and may even have a protective effect in the presence of PEEP. The paradoxical beneficial effect of PEEP when large doses are given may be due to gas trapping reduction. These findings confirm that liquid ventilation does not aggravate volutrauma provided perflubron doses are adjusted. They provide a lead to further investigate partial liquid ventilation in the clinical setting.
Mechanism of Obstruction in Para-Esophageal Diaphragmatic Hernias
Authors: Gordon J. Culver
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Obstruction in cases of para-esophageal hernia was encountered in 4 patients, 2 women, aged 70 and 77 and two men, aged 54 and 61. Observation revealed the mechanism involved. In every case the cardiac portion of the stomach had redescended into its original intra-abdominal location while the fundic portion had remained in the hernial sac. When the cardiac portion was replaced in the hernial sac, the obstruction was relieved. When the stomach was contained entirely within the sac of the para-esophageal hernia, there was no obstruction.
The Dual-Isotope ProstaScint Imaging Procedure
Authors: JUAN CARLOS QUINTANA, MICHAEL J. BLEND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Purpose Whole-body, regional planar, and SPECT imaging using the In-111–labeled monoclonal antibody capromab pendetide (In-111 MAb; ProstaScint) has been shown to increase the detection of early disease spread in patients with prostate cancer. However, recognition of metastatic tumor sites can be difficult, especially if the involved nodes are near blood vessels. We have developed an alternate approach to the identification of metastatic sites that is based on a single simultaneous In-111 MAb and Tc-99m RBC SPECT acquisition of the pelvis and abdomen on day 5 after injection. We have also developed software that dynamically subtracts the Tc-99m RBC data set (vascular component) from the In-111 MAb data set (prostate and lymph node component), which allows for easier identification of metastatic sites. Methods We evaluated the effectiveness of ProstaScint for staging 145 patients with prostate cancer, 19 newly diagnosed and 126 with recurrence, using these two modifications. Results With clinical follow-up in 13 of 19 (68%) patients with primary disease, 10 of 13 (78%) had organ-confined disease. With follow-up in 64 of 126 (51%) patients with possible recurrent disease, 49 of 64 (77%) were found to have prostatic fossa activity only. Disease stage was deemed more advanced in 3 of 13 (22%) patients with primary cancer and in 13 of 64 (20%) of those with recurrent disease based on ProstaScint findings when all other imaging tests were inconclusive. Six patients with recurrent disease had negative results of their scans. In the 16 patients with more advanced disease, 3 of 59 lesions (5%) were documented as false positive, and there were no reported cases of false-negative findings. Conclusions Using both the dual-isotope procedure and the subtraction analysis software with the ProstaScint examination provides additional information for staging primary and possibly recurrent prostate cancer compared with standard imaging techniques.
Pancreatic function in Crohn's disease.
Authors: J Hegnhoj, C P Hansen, T Rannem, H Sobirk, L B Andersen, J R Andersen
Journal: Gut (1990)

We investigated exocrine pancreatic function in a population of patients with Crohn's disease in order to correlate the pancreatic function with clinical and laboratory variables. A total of 143 patients affected by Crohn's disease and 115 control subjects were studied. All had a Lundh meal test. As a group patients with Crohn's disease had significantly decreased activity of both amylase (p less than 0.02) and lipase (p less than 0.001) in duodenal aspirates. In patients with Crohn's disease enzyme activities were not correlated to duration of disease or to extent or localisation of previous bowel resection. The lowest enzyme values were found in patients with the most extensive bowel involvement, and they were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in patients with disease confined to the terminal ileum. The differences between enzyme values in other subgroups of patients were not significant. For the patient group as a whole no correlation was found between disease activity and enzyme values, but for the most uniform group of patients, those with terminal ileitis, pancreatic function was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) in patients with moderate and severe disease compared with patients with mild disease. Thus at least two factors seem to be responsible for impaired pancreatic function in Crohn's disease: firstly disease activity and secondly localisation or extent of disease.
Myocardial kinetics of technetium-99m-hexakis-2-methoxy-2-methylpropyl-isonitrile.
Authors: R D Okada, D Glover, T Gaffney, S Williams
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To study the potential usefulness of technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxy-2-methylpropyl-isonitrile (Tc-MIBI) as a cardiac perfusion imaging agent, the left circumflex coronary arteries of 12 dogs were partially occluded. Eight additional control dogs had no coronary artery stenosis. Myocardial Tc-MIBI activities in the left circumflex and left anterior descending zones were continuously monitored by miniature implantable radiation detectors for 4 hr after administration of the isotope. The dogs were then killed. Serial gamma camera images were also acquired during the study. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, pressure distal to the stenosis, and cardiac output did not change significantly during the experiment. Microsphere-determined regional myocardial blood flow was significantly reduced in the left circumflex distribution in the 12 dogs with coronary artery stenoses. In the 12 dogs with left circumflex coronary artery stenoses, the 4 hr fractional Tc-MIBI clearances from the normal and ischemic zones were minimal and equivalent (0.15 +/- 0.05 vs 0.15 +/- 0.07). In the eight control dogs, 4 hr fractional Tc-MIBI clearances from the left anterior descending and left circumflex artery zones were minimal and equivalent (0.11 +/- 0.06 vs 0.10 +/- 0.07). Four hour fractional Tc-MIBI clearance from the blood was 0.98 +/- 0.03 for the dogs with stenosis and 0.97 +/- 0.02 for the dogs without stenosis. One additional dog had complete occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery followed by administration of Tc-MIBI and scandium-46-labeled microspheres. This heart was immediately sectioned and counted to determine the relationship of regional blood flow to Tc-MIBI distribution (r = .92).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In-situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labelled probes in human skin
Authors: CHRISTINE FISHER, B. ANGUS, J. REES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

This study demonstrated that in‐situ hybridization using digoxigenin‐labelled oligonucleotide poIy‐T probes and digoxigenin‐labelled riboprobes for keratin 14 is possible on routinely fixed paraffin‐embedded sections. The resolution and time course of the detection system compared favourably with isotopically labelled probes. Major differences were shown in keratinocyte messenger RNA content with differentiating cells expressing high levels when compared with the basal layers. Previous work on the distribution of keratin 14 messenger RNA was confirmed and we were able to show that using non‐isotopic in‐situ hybridization, sensitive and accurate cellular localization was feasible in skin sections.
Umbilical Paget's disease and prostatic carcinoma
Authors: B. REMOND, S. ARACTINGI, F. BLANC, O. VEROLA, D. VIGNON, L. DUBERTRET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Umbilical Paget's disease and prostatic carcinoma Get access B. REMOND, B. REMOND Clinique des Maladies Cutanées, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. ARACTINGI, S. ARACTINGI Clinique des Maladies Cutanées, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Dr S. Aractingi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. BLANC, F. BLANC Clinique des Maladies Cutanées, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. VEROLA, O. VEROLA Laboratoire D'Anatomie‐Pathologique, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. VIGNON, D. VIGNON Clinique des Maladies Cutanées, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. DUBERTRET L. DUBERTRET Clinique des Maladies Cutanées, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 4, 1 April 1993, Pages 448–450, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00208.x Published: 01 April 1993 Article history Accepted: 16 October 1992 Published: 01 April 1993