tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Degradation of Myosin Light Chain in Isolated Rat Hearts Subjected to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Grzegorz Sawicki, Hernando Leon, Jolanta Sawicka, Meltem Sariahmetoglu, Costas J. Schulze, Paul G. Scott, Danuta Szczesna-Cordary, Richard Schulz
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) contributes to cardiac dysfunction resulting from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. MMP-2 not only remodels the extracellular matrix but also acts intracellularly in I/R by degrading troponin I. Whether other intracellular targets exist for MMP-2 during I/R is unknown. Methods and Results— Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 20 minutes of ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion. The impaired recovery of mechanical function of the heart was attenuated by the MMP inhibitors o-phenanthroline or doxycycline. Quantitative 2D electrophoresis of homogenates of aerobically perfused hearts (control) or those subjected to I/R injury (in the presence or absence of MMP inhibitors) showed 3 low-molecular-weight proteins with levels that were significantly increased upon I/R injury and normalized to control levels by MMP inhibitors. Mass spectrometry analysis identified all 3 proteins as fragments of myosin light chain 1, which possesses theoretical cleavage recognition sequences for MMP-2 and is rapidly degraded by it in vitro. The association of MMP-2 with the thick myofilament in fractions prepared from I/R hearts was observed with immunogold electron microscopy, gelatin zymography for MMP-2 activity, and immunoprecipitation. MMP-2 was found to cleave myosin light chain 1 between tyrosine 189 and glutamine 190 at the C terminus. Conclusions— Our results demonstrate that myosin light chain 1 is another novel substrate for MMP-2 in the cardiomyocyte and that its degradation may contribute to contractile dysfunction resulting from I/R injury to the heart.
Chronic Hypoxia Modulates the Interleukin-1β–Stimulated Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Pathway in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Rachid Kacimi, Carlin S. Long, Joel S. Karliner
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background We wished to determine whether the cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway is modulated by chronic hypoxia in vitro. Methods and Results We investigated the effects of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β on expression of iNOS mRNA, iNOS protein, and NO production in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to 1% O 2 for 48 hours. Among several cytokines tested, IL-1β was the most effective in stimulating NO production, which was maximum at 48 hours. In parallel, IL-1β induced expression of both iNOS mRNA and protein. Hypoxia alone had no effect on NO production, iNOS gene expression, or protein induction. However, chronic hypoxia decreased IL-1β–stimulated NO production, mRNA expression, and protein level in cardiac myocytes. Radioligand binding and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that during chronic hypoxia, IL-1 receptor density and activity of the transcription factor NF-κB induced by IL-1β were decreased, which may account at least in part for the decrease in iNOS expression. Conclusions These data indicate that IL-1β induces iNOS gene expression, de novo synthesis of iNOS protein, and NO generation in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and that chronic hypoxia appears to be a potent negative regulator of iNOS expression in these cells.
Sleep and the Elderly
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recent advances in cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: G Olivetti
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Introduction evolution of the process toward dysfunction and failure.Furthermore, some new attempts to modify the conse-In 1977 Sen, Tarazi and Bumpus in a brief article in quence of myocardial hypertrophy or to prevent myocyte Cardiovascular Research discussed the variable effects cell loss will be also examined to document the difficulties obtained with anti-hypertensive therapy on cardiac hy-that we are still facing more than 20 years after the pioneer pertrophy and its regression [1].Having the aim of study of Sen at al. [1].A complete review of the argument, intervening with medical treatment on cardiac hypertrophy however, is beyond the aim of this article.the authors attained results quite different from the expected one.Although this event is very common in research the authors were able to take advantage from the 2. Definition discrepancy suggesting new hypotheses, possible explanations and innovating conclusions.They found that in Since cardiac hypertrophy is a condition in which spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR), an animal model that myocardial mass is increased beyond the normal range, the mimics essential hypertension in humans, the vasodilator establishment of normal and abnormal limits is needed in a-methyldopa was able to reduce blood pressure, renin order to define the presence and the degree of this disease.activity and reverse cardiac hypertrophy, whereas minox-Anatomical studies (Figs. 1 and2) have demonstrated that idil another vasodilator reduced blood pressure, increased the upper limit of a normal heart is 450 g in men and 400 g heart weight and renin activity.Finally, beta blockade not in women [2].These values, however, must be corrected affecting blood pressure, reduced cardiac mass and renin for epicardial fat, body mass and age [2].In both genders, activity.These results highlighted the uncertainty in the left ventricular myocardial weight to body height ratio relation between cardiac hypertrophy, arterial blood pressure levels and renin, implying that blood pressure 'may not be the sole factor for the development and reversal of cardiac hypertrophy'.Today, more than 20 years after the publication of this article there is evidence that these ideas are of relevance and extremely important to understanding the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of cardiac hypertrophy.This is also demonstrated by the large number of quotations of this article in the following years.In this review the results obtained in human and some animal models of cardiac hypertrophy will be summarized in the attempt to illustrate the complexity of the phenomena implicated in the hypertrophy of the heart and the
Incremental Prognostic Significance of Combined Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adenosine Stress Perfusion, Delayed Enhancement, and Left Ventricular Function Over Preimaging Information for the Prediction of Adverse Events
Authors: Scott E. Bingham, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is capable of yielding extensive data in routine practice, the relative incremental prognostic value of adenosine stress perfusion, myocardial delayed enhancement (DE), and left ventricular volumes and function is unclear. Methods and Results— We followed up 908 consecutive patients who underwent combined CMR for suspicion of coronary stenosis and/or ischemia at 2.6±1.2 years, during which 101 total cardiac events occurred (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or late revascularization). Increase in Cox proportional-hazards model global χ 2 (χ 2 ) with the addition of CMR data after adjustment for clinical data defined incremental prognostic value. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging without abnormalities had a 2.4% event rate per year (&lt;1% cardiac death or myocardial infarction). Abnormal CMR was associated with event rates of 5.6% to 7.0% per year, varying with which and how many components were abnormal. After adjusting for the pre-CMR data (age, dyspnea, prior coronary artery disease, resting heart rate, renal disease, and diabetes mellitus, χ 2 :43.6, P &lt;0.0001; C index 0.695), the addition of left ventricular ejection fraction, aortic flow, delayed enhancement, and stress perfusion data all incrementally increased χ 2 (55.2, 63.3, 68.0, and 68.9, respectively; all P &lt;0.00001; C indices 0.717, 0.722, 0.747, and 0.736). The number of abnormal CMR domains both added incremental prognostic value and risk stratified patients with respect to risk of events. Conclusions— CMR analysis of ventricular volume, aortic flow, myocardial viability, and stress perfusion all add incremental value for prediction of adverse events over pre-CMR data and can be combined to further enhance prognostication. Normal combined CMR confers a low risk of subsequent cardiac events.
Glandular Fever with Neutropenia
Authors: G. Slot, F. D. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1945)

MEDBRITI JURNAL4In view of the previous occurrence of haemolytic disease in this family preparations were made to give the fourth baby a transfusion of Rh-negative blood immediately after birth if its cells were shown to be Rh-positive or agglutinable by the irregular antibody in the maternal serum.The fourth child, a female weighing 8 lb. 10 oz., was born spontaneously at term; tests on the cord blood within an hour of birth showed that this baby was Rh-negative and that its cells were not agglutinated by the mother's serum.The cord blood gave a positive Wassermann reaction, its haemoglobin content was 140%, and there was no erythroblastaemia.As the maternal and foetal bloods were compatible as regards the Rh factor, blood transfusion was not given and signs of haemolytic disease never developed.I would like to express my thanks to Brig.
Aeromonas Intestinal Infections in the United States
Authors: SCOTT D. HOLMBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

To evaluate the clinical and epidemiologic aspects of aeromonas enteritis, we studied the cases of 34 persons nationwide from whom Aeromonas hydrophila had been isolated in large numbers from stool in 1984. Compared with 68 control subjects, these patients were more likely to have drunk untreated water, usually from private wells (odds ratio = 20.9; p less than 0.01). Eighteen of the isolates belonged to a single DNA-relatedness group of the eight described for Aeromonas species, but no clear correlation between illnesses in patients and any tested genotypic or phenotypic characteristic of recovered organisms was found. Gastrointestinal complaints tended to be chronic in infected adults and acute and severe in children. Nine patients had become ill after taking antimicrobial agents to which recovered Aeromonas species were resistant; 5 persons took antimicrobials to which their Aeromonas strains were susceptible and had alleviation or resolution of their gastrointestinal symptoms. These findings indicate that at least some Aeromonas strains are enteropathogenic for the normal host and that these organisms are acquired by drinking untreated water.
Adjuvant docetaxel and cyclophosphamide plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2 -amplified early stage breast cancer: a single-group, open-label, phase 2 study
Authors: Stephen E Jones, Rufus Collea, Devchand Paul, Scot Sedlacek, Anne M Favret, Ira Gore, Deborah L Lindquist, Frankie Ann Holmes, Mary Ann K Allison, Barry D Brooks, Raul M Portillo, Svetislava J Vukelja, Michael S Steinberg, Christopher Stokoe, Maria W Crockett, Yunfei Wang, Lina Asmar, Nicholas J Robert, Joyce O'Shaughnessy
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
TGF-β Concentration Specifies Differential Signaling Profiles of Growth Arrest/Differentiation and Apoptosis in Podocytes
Authors: Dona T. Wu, Markus Bitzer, Wenjun Ju, Peter Mundel, Erwin P. Bo[Combining Diaeresis]ttinger
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Podocyte depletion occurs in most progressive glomerular diseases and is thought to result from podocyte loss while the remaining podocytes are unable to proliferate. The underlying mechanisms for podocyte growth arrest/differentiation and depletion remain poorly understood but may involve TGF-β, which is typically upregulated in injured glomeruli. The TGF-β are multifunctional cytokines that regulate growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in most cells. Determinants of functional specificity of TGF-β signaling in cell-cycle control and apoptosis remain poorly understood. Using a unique system of conditionally immortalized podocytes, it is demonstrated that autocrine TGF-β2 induces G0/G1 arrest and differentiation under nonpermissive culture through Smad3-dependent induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p15Ink4b (Cdkn2b). When exposed to recombinant TGF-β1 (or TGF-β2), nonpermissive culture podocytes switch to G2/M arrest and apoptosis, selectively at advanced TGF-β concentrations and specifically in association with suppression of Cdkn2b and activation of proapoptotic p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Thus, distinct signaling profiles activated in a concentration-dependent manner by TGF-β were identified. Autocrine TGF-β2/Smad3/Cdkn2b signaling in podocytes specifies G0/G1 arrest associated with podocyte differentiation, whereas increasing TGF-β concentrations beyond a critical threshold induces G2/M block and apoptosis associated with selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and with suppression of Cdkn2b. In summary, the results suggest a new functional requirement of TGF-β2 in growth arrest and differentiation of murine podocytes in vitro and demonstrate that a critical TGF-β concentration threshold may specify a molecular switch to proapoptotic signaling profiles and apoptosis.
The Military's Evolved En Route Care Paradigm
Authors: Todd E. Rasmussen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Tempol administration, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, reduces hepatic vascular resistance and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats
Authors: Héctor García-Calderó, Aina Rodríguez-Vilarrupla, Jorge Gracia-Sancho, Marta Diví, Bàrbara Laviña, Jaume Bosch, Joan-Carles García-Pagán
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Practice Research: Is the serological diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis always necessary?
Authors: D O Ho-Yen
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Clinical and serological data from 100 patients who had a Downey lymphocytosis of ≥ 40% of all white cells were assessed over three years. All had clinical evidence of infectious mononucleosis, suggesting that Downey lymphocytosis of ≥ 40% is specific for the illness.
A SPIROCHETE ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTIONS OF THE ACCESSORY SINUSES
Authors: RUTH TUNNICLIFF
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In examining smears from the noses of patients with acute rhinitis, a spirochete, staining deeply with carbolgentian-violet, was observed in five cases. In four of the cases it was found in connection with infections of the accessory sinuses. In the other cases no history could be obtained except that of a severe acute rhinitis. The spirochete has two or three curves, the ends being pointed and parallel to the long axis; it measures from 2½ to 5 microns in length and ½ micron in width; it is anaerobic and was isolated in pure culture on alkaline goat-blood agar. The growth appeared on the surface after seven days incubation as a dull radiating growth; later it appeared also in the fluid of condensation. In subcultures it formed raised pin-point colonies near the fluid of condensation, the rest of the growth being dull and rather profuse. The growth in the first
An Italian initiative to prevent corruption in health and social care
Authors: L. De Fiore, V. De Micheli, M. Brunetti, L. Ferrante, C. Rivoiro, V. Solfrini, G. Corti, N. Dirindin
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Country profiles from the watchdog Transparency International show a high level of citizen reported corruption in Italy.1 The problem is associated with the activity of criminal organisations, such as the Mafia, N’drangheta, and Camorra, which originated in the south of the country but are now active across the whole nation. As in other countries, healthcare is particularly …
The Approach to Patients with Functional Disorders
Authors: Philip A. Tumulty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

MAN is a composite of materials that can be measured by a variety of physical means, and of intrinsic influencing and controlling forces that cannot. Although sickness may originate in either part of this composite, the whole individual is affected by it because of its unity. This is a discussion of the management of disorders that may seriously affect man's physical state but originate within the intrinsic influencing and controlling forces, more commonly referred to as "functional" or "emotional" disorders.Since these illnesses spring from the very nature of man, knowledge and interest in them are essential for anyone concerned . . .
The feminisation of nature
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2011)

This year marks the 25th anniversary of the start of a scientific survey of the feminisation of fish in the River Lea in southeast England, which took several years formally to confirm what local anglers had been describing since the late 1970s: that roach living downstream of sewage effluent showed a high prevalence of intersex.

Can you recall the biochemical pathway that begins with cholesterol and progresses through progesterone and various hydroxylations to oestrogen, testosterone, and cortisol (summarised on the “steroid …
Theophylline Overdose and Metabolic Abnormalities
Authors: MICHELE ZELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1985Theophylline Overdose and Metabolic AbnormalitiesMICHELE ZELL, Pharm. D., JERROLD B. LEIKIN, M.D.MICHELE ZELL, Pharm. D.Search for more papers by this author, JERROLD B. LEIKIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-4-562 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Hall and associates (1) have reported the association of metabolic abnormalities with intentional theophylline overdose. We made a similar retrospective analysis of 40 patients who presented over a 3-year period to the emergency services area at the University of Illinois Hospital with a mean serum theophylline level of greater than 30 µg/mL as determined by EMIT (Syva, Palo Alto, California). Thirtynine patients had a history of reversible airway disease and were overcompliant with their theophylline preparations because of an acute exacerbation of asthma. One patient intentionally ingested theophylline in a suicide attempt.We obtained serum potassium and...References1. HALLDOBSONDALTONGHIGNONEPENNER KKJMS. Metabolic abnormalities associated with intentional theophylline overdose. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:457-62. LinkGoogle Scholar2. DALE D. Abnormalities of leukocytes. In: PETERSDORF RG, ADAMS RD, BRAUNWALD E, ISSELBACHER KJ, MARTIN JB, WILSON JD, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1983:305. Google Scholar1. HALLDOBSONDALTONGHIGNONEPENNER KKJMS. Metabolic abnormalities associated with intentional theophylline overdose. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:457-62. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VESTALEFRIKSSONMUSSEROZAKIHALTER RCBLJ. Effect of intravenous aminophylline on plasma levels of catecholamines and related cardiovascular and metabolic responses. Circulation. 1983;67:162-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HALLIWELLBERRY MD. Theophylline poisoning in adults. Br Med J. 1979;2:1114. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BUCKLEYBRAITHWAITEVALE BRJ. Theophylline poisoning [Letter]. Lancet 1983;2:618. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Illinois Hospital Chicago, IL 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTheophylline enhances glucose recovery after hypoglycemia in healthy man and in type I diabetic patientsAcute theophylline intoxication 1 April 1985Volume 102, Issue 4Page: 562-562KeywordsAsthmaPotassiumSuicide Issue Published: 1 April 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Negroes for Medicine
Authors: John Z. Bowers
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Negroes constitute 11.4% of the population of the United States, but only 2.2% of the nation's physicians are Negroes. They represent one of the large untapped sources of personnel for medicine. In 1975, when the new medical schools presently being developed are in full operation, we will have openings for more than 2,500 additional first-year medical students. It is quite probable that by 1975 public demand for more physicians will make this estimate obsolete. Beyond the need for more applicants to medical school lies the obligation to educate a significantly greater number of Negroes for careers in medicine and in the other health professions. Today every medical school in the United States will accept qualified Negro applicants; in fact many schools are searching for them. Many admissions officers are suddenly asking "Where are qualified Negro applicants?" The almost total absence of these applicants reflects problems stretching back through college to