tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilic folliculitis in a patient after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mitsuhito Ota, Tadamichi Shimizu, Satoshi Hashino, Hiroshi Shimizu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract We describe a patient with eosinophilic folliculitis (EF) that developed 3 months after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for chronic myelogenous leukemia. Skin biopsy specimen revealed numerous eosinophil infiltrations from the hair follicles to the sebaceous glands. No sign of skin graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was found. The skin lesions and peripheral eosinophilia subsided within 5 weeks. In the following 8 months, the rash did not recur and GVHD has not developed. Taken together with previous reports, the present case demonstrates that it is important to recognize this distinct skin condition to avoid an inference that it may manifest itself as one of the signs of skin GVHD. Am. J. Hematol. 76:295–296, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
920-49 Analysis of the Culprit Lesion and Clinical Events in Post-CABG Patients: Interim Angiographic Results from the Post-CABG Trial
Authors: Jozsef Vanyi, Carl W. White, Lucien Campeau, James Forrester, J. Alan Herd, Byron Hoogwerf, Donald Hunninghake, Irvin Goldenberg, Michael Domanski, Genell Knatterud
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Changing Habits to Delay Diabetes
Authors: P. Antonio Tataranni, Clifton Bogardus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

For centuries, fatter and more sedentary people have been considered more likely to get diabetes. More recently, many prospective studies have established that obesity and physical inactivity are risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus1 and that weight loss and exercise improve insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the short term. Two studies, in subjects in Sweden and China, have indicated that changes in diet and in exercise habits might delay the onset of diabetes.2,3 However, because these studies had methodologic weaknesses (one was not randomized, and in the other, clinics rather than individual subjects were randomized), it has . . .
Pulmonary function in patients on long-term, low-dose methotrexate
Authors: T. J. PHILLIPS, P. J. WALLIS, D.H. JONES, H. BAKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Pulmonary function in patients on long‐term, low‐dose methotrexate Get access T. J. PHILLIPS, T. J. PHILLIPS Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1Bb Dr T.J.Phillips. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. J. WALLIS, P. J. WALLIS Department of Respiratory Medicine, The London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1Bb Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.H. JONES, D.H. JONES Department of Dermatology, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. BAKER H. BAKER Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1Bb Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 6, 1 December 1986, Pages 657–662, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06645.x Published: 01 December 1986 Article history Accepted: 28 April 1986 Published: 01 December 1986
Cardioprotection of Preconditioning by Metabolic Inhibition in the Rat Ventricular Myocyte
Authors: S. Wu, H. Y. Li, T. M. Wong
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —To determine whether opioid receptors (ORs) are involved in the delayed cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning (IP), the effect of severe metabolic inhibition (MI) with a glucose-free buffer that contained sodium cyanide and 2-deoxy- d -glucose on the viability of isolated rat ventricular myocytes was first determined 20 hours after preconditioning with a sublethal metabolic inhibition (MIP) with a glucose-free buffer that contained 2-deoxy- d -glucose and lactate for 30 minutes in the presence of OR antagonists. With the use of trypan blue exclusion as an index of cell viability, severe MI killed &gt;60% of the cells and the value increased significantly after MIP. In the presence of 5×10 −6 mol/L nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), a selective κ-OR antagonist, but not 5×10 −6 mol/L CTOP, a selective μ-OR antagonist, or 5×10 −6 mol/L naltrindole, a selective δ-OR antagonist, the cardioprotection of MIP was significantly attenuated. To verify the role of κ-OR, we studied the effects of severe MI after pretreatment with the κ-OR agonist U50,488H (UP) for 30 minutes. U50,488H at 3×10 −6 to 1×10 −4 mol/L increased cell viability concentration-dependently with an EC 50 of 3.311×10 −6 mol/L. In the presence of 5×10 −6 nor-BNI, the cardioprotection of UP (3×10 −5 mol/L) was blocked. A time course study showed that UP-induced cardioprotection occurred in 2 windows: the first occurred ≈1 hour later and the other occurred 16 to 20 hours later. Additional studies on cell contraction and intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) revealed that both UP and MIP attenuated the inhibitory effects of severe MI on contractility and electrically induced [Ca 2+ ] i transient in single ventricular myocytes. On blockade of protein kinase C, the delayed cardioprotections of UP and MIP were significantly attenuated. In conclusion, the results of the present study have provided evidence that κ-OR mediates the cardioprotection of MIP, which may involve protein kinase C and [Ca 2+ ] i .
Apology for "Hypercalcinuria"
Authors: OLIVER M. WRONG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 August 1975Apology for "Hypercalcinuria"OLIVER M. WRONG, M.D., F.R.C.P., TERRY G. FEEST, M.B.OLIVER M. WRONG, M.D., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, TERRY G. FEEST, M.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-2-288_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We apologize to your readers for the word "hypercalcinuria," which appeared repeatedly in our editorial in your April issue (Ann Intern Med 82:584-585). We would, however, like to make clear that we did not invent this word, which was the brainchild of your copy editor and was inserted despite our objections."Hypercalciuria" and "hypercalcuria" have both appeared frequently in the past. We used the former as it seemed to carry the greater authority, having been used by, among others, Fuller Albright (1) in the first description of the idiopathic variety, the latest (13th) edition of Cecil-Loeb, the...References1. ALBRIGHT F, HENNEMAN P, and BENEDICT P: Idiopathic hypercalciuria. Proc R Soc Med 46:31-35, 1953 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. EPSTEIN F: Bone and mineral metabolism in hyperthyroidism (editorial). Ann Intern Med 68:490-491, 1968 LinkGoogle Scholar3. MUGGIA F and HEINEMANN H: Hypercalcemia associated with neoplastic disease. Ann Intern Med 73:281-290, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar4. SPERLING O, WEINBERGER A, and OLIVER I: Hypouricemia, hypercalciuria, and decreased bone density; a hereditary syndrome. Ann Intern Med 80:482-487, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: OLIVER M. WRONG, M.D., F.R.C.P.; TERRY G. FEEST, M.B.Affiliations: University College Hospital Medical School London, WC1E 6JJ, England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1975Volume 83, Issue 2Page: 288-288 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Estradiol Decreases the Acetylcholine-elicited Airway Reactivity in Ovariectomized Rats through an Increase in Epithelial Acetylcholinesterase Activity
Authors: BRUNO DEGANO, MARIE-CLAUDE PRÉVOST, PATRICK BERGER, MATHIEU MOLIMARD, SANDRINE PONTIER, JACQUES RAMI, ROGER ESCAMILLA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is frequently prescribed for postmenopausal women. Epidemiological data suggest that sex hormones may play a role in the expression of asthma, but the mechanism(s) whereby this influence is mediated remain(s) unclear. To better understand the role of physiologic doses of estrogens in airway function, we tested the hypothesis that 17beta-estradiol (E(2), 10 microg/kg per d for 21 d) given to oophorectomized female rats modifies airway responsiveness to cholinergic agonists, compared with oophorectomized rats given placebo. In vivo, the concentration of inhaled acetylcholine (ACh) required to double pulmonary resistance (EC(200)RL) in anesthetized spontaneously breathing tracheotomized rats was calculated as an index of airway responsiveness. E(2)-treated rats were less responsive to ACh than placebo-treated rats (EC(200)RL, 9.40 +/- 1.48 vs. 1.52 +/- 0.85 mg. ml(-1), respectively). Ex vivo airway responsiveness was evaluated with the cumulative concentration-response curve (CCRC) of isolated tracheal segments. Compared with placebo, E(2) treatment significantly increased the EC(50) of ACh (p = 0.01) but did not alter the CCRC to carbachol. Removing the epithelium or treatment with physostigmine abolished the difference in EC(50) of ACh between the groups. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of homogenized whole trachea was 1.4-fold greater in the E(2)-treated group compared with placebo (p = 0.02), whereas no difference was found in homogenized epithelium-free trachea. We conclude that E(2) treatment decreases airway responsiveness to ACh in ovariectomized rats at least in part by increasing AChE activity dependent on the presence of the epithelium.
Prednisone and prednisolone bioavailability in renal transplant patients
Authors: John G. Gambertoglio, Felix J. Frey, Nicholas H.G. Holford, Jytte L. Birnbaum, Patricia Stanik Lizak, Flavio Vincenti, Nicholas J. Feduska, Oscar Salvatierra, William J.C. Amend
Journal: Kidney International (1982)
A simplified [<sup>3</sup>H] serotonin release assay for the detection of platelet antibodies
Authors: Daniel J. Marmer, Robert P. Bowman, Peter S. Kennedy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract The [ 3 H] platelet serotonin release assay is a sensitive means for detecting antiplatelet antibodies. We have found that by using prelabeled frozen platelets which have been treated with the cryoprotective agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) the performance of this assay can be facilitated without interfering with its sensitivity. There was 100% correlation between the standard [ 3 H] platelet serotonin release assay using fresh platelets and the modified assay using prelabeled, frozen, cryopreserved platelets when sera from 12 patients with known antiplatelet antibodies were tested. When normal serum samples (n = 111) were tested against ten platelet donors, a false‐positive rate of 3.9% was observed. This modification provides a simple means for quickly screening large numbers of potential platelet donors at one time.
Reduction of naive T cell frequency and IL-7 predict the evolution of ACPA-positive individuals with arthralgia towards UA and RA
Authors: F. Ponchel, R. Parmar, J. Nam, E. Villeneuve, D. Corscadden, K. Henshaw, P. Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Evolution towards rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from early symptoms is associated with profound dys-regulation of T cell subsets. Naïve cells frequency was the most discriminative T cell subset although, regulatory T cell (Treg) showed lower significance. ACPA-positive individual (ACPA+) with recent onset of musculoskeletal pain (arthralgia) are at high risk of developing undifferentiated arthritis (UA) and RA. The aim of the current study is to determine whether T cell subset and cytokine analysis can predict the development of UA/RA in ACPA+ individual arthralgia. <h3>Methods</h3> 41 ACPA+ individuals were followed for up to 36 months. Absence of synovitis and diagnosis of UA/RA were based on expert clinical evaluation. 6 colour flowcytometry was performed using standard protocols. 55 healthy controls (HC) were used to build the age relationship with naïve cell frequency. ELISA was used to measure IL-7 serum levels. <h3>Results</h3> The development of clinical synovitis was observed in 15 patients (36%) and diagnostic achieved for UA (n=10) and RA (n=5). 26 patients did not develop synovitis (arthralgia only) over 12–18 months however 10 were diagnosed with osteoarthritis and 2 with CTD. At recruitment, there was clear difference between ACPA+ and HC for naïve (p=0.012), inflammation induced cells (IRC) (p=0.044) and CD62L+Treg (p=0.050) frequencies. At follow-up, patient who developed UA had reduced, baseline naïve cells (p=0.072) compared to arthralgia and these were even further reduced in the group developing RA (p=0.008). Interestingly, patients with an OA/CTD diagnostic showed results closer to HC compared to patients with arthralgia who remained without diagnosis (p=0.084). Using the relationship between naïve T cells and age, UA/RA outcome was clearly associated with reduced frequency however, arthralgia and OA/CTD individuals remained within normal range. Baseline Treg frequencies were not reduced in ACPA+ patients compared to HC neither with any particular outcome. Serum levels of IL-7 were reduced at baseline compared to HC (p=0.001). On follow-up, reduced IL-7 (p=0.015) was observed in the arthralgia group and further reduced in the group developing RA (p=0.007) compared to UA. Again the OA/CTD patients showed higher IL-7 (p&lt;0.070) compared to the patients who remained with arthralgia only. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The development of inflammatory symptom appears clearly predictable by further immunological dysregulation of naïve T cell in ACPA+ individuals. Furthermore, data suggest that Treg9s involvement may be in the true clinical phase as RA patients show reduced Treg frequency but not ACPA+ patients evolving towards an UA-RA outcome after 12–18 months.
A Congenital Neutrophil Defect Syndrome Associated with Mutations in<i>VPS45</i>
Authors: Thierry Vilboux, Atar Lev, May Christine V. Malicdan, Amos J. Simon, Päivi Järvinen, Tomas Racek, Jacek Puchalka, Raman Sood, Blake Carrington, Kevin Bishop, James Mullikin, Marjan Huizing, Ben Zion Garty, Eran Eyal, Baruch Wolach, Ronit Gavrieli, Amos Toren, Michalle Soudack, Osama M. Atawneh, Tatiana Babushkin, Ginette Schiby, Andrew Cullinane, Camila Avivi, Sylvie Polak-Charcon, Iris Barshack, Ninette Amariglio, Gideon Rechavi, Jutte van der Werff ten Bosch, Yair Anikster, Christoph Klein, William A. Gahl, Raz Somech
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes that provide protection against bacterial and fungal infections. Genetically determined neutrophil disorders confer a predisposition to severe infections and reveal novel mechanisms that control vesicular trafficking, hematopoiesis, and innate immunity.We clinically evaluated seven children from five families who had neutropenia, neutrophil dysfunction, bone marrow fibrosis, and nephromegaly. To identify the causative gene, we performed homozygosity mapping using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays, whole-exome sequencing, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, a real-time quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction assay, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, fibroblast motility assays, measurements of apoptosis, and zebrafish models. Correction experiments were performed by transfecting mutant fibroblasts with the nonmutated gene.All seven affected children had homozygous mutations (Thr224Asn or Glu238Lys, depending on the child's ethnic origin) in VPS45, which encodes a protein that regulates membrane trafficking through the endosomal system. The level of VPS45 protein was reduced, as were the VPS45 binding partners rabenosyn-5 and syntaxin-16. The level of β1 integrin was reduced on the surface of VPS45-deficient neutrophils and fibroblasts. VPS45-deficient fibroblasts were characterized by impaired motility and increased apoptosis. A zebrafish model of vps45 deficiency showed a marked paucity of myeloperoxidase-positive cells (i.e., neutrophils). Transfection of patient cells with nonmutated VPS45 corrected the migration defect and decreased apoptosis.Defective endosomal intracellular protein trafficking due to biallelic mutations in VPS45 underlies a new immunodeficiency syndrome involving impaired neutrophil function. (Funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute and others.).
All clinical trials must be reported in detail and made publicly available
Authors: Toshi A Furukawa
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—It is usually only the regulatory agencies, such as the Food and Drug Administration, that have access to clinical trials data submitted from pharmaceutical companies, as described by Lenzer for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in children.1 However, the situation is now different for paroxetine. Full reports of its clinical trials are available on the internet,2 and we can …
Specificity of ELISA for IgG subclass antibodies against inhalant antigens in early childhood
Authors: R. G. G. Ruiz, J. F. Price, D. M. Kemeny
Journal: Allergy (1994)

ELISA is increasingly used to measure antibodies in new circumstances. Recently, it has been applied to the measurement of IgG subclass antibodies against common antigens in early childhood. These studies have raised concerns about the specificity of some of these assays. This paper details the results of experiments which have assessed the specificity of IgG 1 binding to allergens of dust mite ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ) and ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) pollen by inhibition ELISA in the sera of 2‐year‐old children of atopic parents. Six sera which showed binding of IgG 1 to D. pteronyssinus and six to L. perenne were used. All had IgG1 antibody against ovalbumin. In the children's sera, binding to D. pteronyssinus was substantially inhibited by preincubation with the homologous antigen, but not with ovalbumin, thereby confirming the specificity of the assay. However, suppression of IgGl binding to L. perenne with the homologous antigen was comparatively small, and ovalbumin could cause an equivalent inhibition, indicating poor specificity. Furthermore, the level of IgG1 binding to L. perenne was closely correlated to the level of IgG1 binding to ovalbumin ( r = 0.98; P &lt; 0.001). When the assay was reversed, IgG1 binding to ovalbumin was only slightly inhibited by L. perenne , indicating that most antibody binding to ovalbumin was specific. Thus, binding IgG1 in both adult and child sera to D. pteronyssinus appeared to be specific, while child, but not adult, IgG1 binding to L. perenne showed poor specificity. This disparity may be due to differences in the affinities of the respective antibodies, and it illustrates the importance of determining assay specificity when making measurements in early childhood.
Advice that changed my practice: Have a heart attack
Authors: C. Essex
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Many of us worked hard to get into medical school and to stay there. When we were junior doctors the pressure of work was totally different—eating, sleeping, and personal welfare took a low priority; you did not go off duty until the work was finished. Through a combination of personality and training, doctors become inculcated with both an ethos of working extremely hard under intense pressure and a commitment to patients.

As a consultant I felt guilty if I did not see severely handicapped children and their parents, who carry a tremendous burden, at the earliest opportunity if they called with a problem. The alternatives seemed to be either to give them the next available appointment (usually four weeks' time) and feel guilty, or to offer to see them within a day …
Neurological Manifestations in Sickle-Cell Disease
Authors: BARRY A. PORTNOY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

A high prevalence of hemiplegia was found in 89 patients with sickle-cell disease seen over a 5-year period. Twenty-three patients (26%) had neurological manifestations; hemiplegia occurred in 15 (17%). During the same period, hemiplegia occurred in only 5% of patients with sickle-hemoglobin C disease and in 1.7% of patients with sickle-cell trait; the latter is the same as that in the negro population with normal hemoglobin (1.8%). A review of the English-language literature shows that the high frequency of hemiplegia in the natural history of sickle-cell disease has not been sufficiently emphasized, despite its previous documentation in isolated case reports. Unless better methods for controlling the clinical expressions of this hemoglobinopathy can be found, stroke will remain one of the commonest serious complications in patients with sickle-cell disease.
Acute abdominal pain
Authors: A. Grundy
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is a tumour predisposition syndrome caused by heterozygous germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (<i>FH</i>) gene. The condition is characterised by predisposition to benign leiomyomas of the skin and the uterus, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS). To comprehensively examine the cancer risk and tumour spectrum in Finnish <i>FH</i> mutation positive families, genealogical and cancer data were obtained from 868 individuals. The cohort analysis of the standardised incidence ratios (SIR) was analysed from 256 individuals. <i>FH</i> mutation status was analysed from all available individuals (n = 98). To study tumour spectrum in <i>FH</i> mutation carriers, loss of the wild type allele was analysed from all available tumours (n = 22). The SIR was 6.5 for RCC and 71 for ULMS. The overall cancer risk was statistically significantly increased in the age group of 15–29 years, consistent with features of cancer predisposition families in general. <i>FH</i> germline mutation was found in 55% of studied individuals. Most RCC and ULMS tumours displayed biallelic inactivation of <i>FH</i>, as did breast and bladder cancers. In addition, several benign tumours including atypical uterine leiomyomas, kidney cysts, and adrenal gland adenomas were observed. The present study confirms with calculated risk ratios the association of early onset RCC and ULMS with <i>FH</i> germline mutations in Finns. Some evidence for association of breast and bladder carcinoma with HLRCC was obtained. The data enlighten the organ specific malignant potential of HLRCC.
PLATELET REACTIVITY AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN CHILDREN OF PATIENTS WITH PREMATURE ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Gaetano A. Lanza, Giancarla Scalone, Ilaria Coviello, Roberto Nerla, Irma Battipaglia, Lucy Barone, Alessia De Nisco, Angelica Delogu, Fabio Infusino, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cousteau Diver Impersonated by Munchausen Patient
Authors: Herbert H. Heym
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  To alert the medical profession, we report a most interesting patient who claimed to be a Moroccan oceanographic physicist working with Jacques Cousteau. An intellectual 48-year-old black man speaking with an impressive French accent on his way to an oceanographic symposium at Duke University, he came to the Wilmington Medical Center emergency room and was admitted with a history of calf pain and sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. He gave the fantastic story of having sustained abdominal gunshot wounds in the Indochina War necessitating extensive surgery, including left nephrectomy, splenectomy, right hemicolectomy, and a 50% small-bowel resection. He gave a pertinent history of having had an acute myocardial infarction followed by coronary revascularization in Paris and postoperatively experiencing a pulmonary embolism confirmed by pulmonary angiography. He also stated he had an unresectable ventricular aneurysm.  Results of physical examination were remarkable for median sternotomy,