tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization caused by bradykinin in human coronary arteries.
Authors: M Nakashima, J V Mombouli, A A Taylor, P M Vanhoutte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The present study was designed to determine whether bradykinin induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle in human coronary arteries, and if so, to define the contribution of this hyperpolarization to endothelium-dependent relaxations. The membrane potential of arterial smooth muscle cells (measured by glass microelectrodes) and changes in isometric force were recorded in tissues from six patients undergoing heart transplantation. In the presence of indomethacin and NG-nitro-L-arginine (NLA), the membrane potential was -48.3 +/- 0.6 and -46.9 +/- 0.6 mV, in preparations with and without endothelium, respectively, and was not affected by treatment with perindoprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. In the presence of both indomethacin and NLA, bradykinin evoked transient and concentration-dependent hyperpolarizations only in tissues with endothelium, which were augmented by perindoprilat and mimicked by the calcium ionophore A23187. Glibenclamide did not inhibit membrane hyperpolarization to bradykinin. In rings contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha, the cumulative addition of bradykinin caused a concentration-dependent relaxation during contractions evoked by prostaglandin F2 alpha, which was not abolished by NLA and indomethacin. The present findings demonstrate the occurrence of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization, and its contribution to endothelium-dependent relaxations, in the human coronary artery.
ACQUISITION OF M PROTEIN BY PNEUMOCOCCI THROUGH TRANSFORMATION REACTIONS
Authors: Robert Austrian, Colin M. MacLeod
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Acquisition by pneumococcal variants of M protein and of capsular polysaccharide different from those present in the parent strain has been effected in vitro by means of transforming reactions with extracts of heterologous encapsulated pneumococci. Similar transformations have been accomplished in vivo with heat-killed vaccines as the transforming agents. Independent variation of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide and M protein observed in nature can be brought about also in the laboratory. By means of transforming reactions, it has been demonstrated that inheritable characters of three distinct pneumococcal strains can be combined within a single strain. It is suggested that acquisition of M protein through transformation reactions occurs in cells deficient in that character.
Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction are elevated and related to prognosis in chronic heart failure patients with diabetes but not in those without diabetes
Authors: Caroline Kistorp, Aun Y. Chong, Finn Gustafsson, Søren Galatius, Ilan Raymond, Jens Faber, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Per Hildebrandt
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
Organophosphorus Insecticide Toxicity
Authors: Joseph H. Holmes
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> It is true, as Dr. Golz states, that if every person using insecticides followed the safety procedures as prescribed by the manufacturer, toxicity among the workers would be minimal. But this is not what happens in practice. In our experience, during the growing season in Colorado the periods of highest incidence of exposure are at the beginning of the season, during the first hot spell of the summer, and at the end of the season. This is when workers should be checked most carefully. While malathion is less toxic than other organophosphorus insecticides, its potential toxicity should be clearly emphasized to the user. A child we recently saw suffered a near-fatal reaction from accidental exposure to malathion.
Honing Clinical Skills
Authors: Robert A. Gutman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 May 1993Honing Clinical SkillsRobert A. Gutman, MDRobert A. Gutman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-10-199305150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was surprised that in the last paragraph of your well-written editorial on physical examination skills that you did not cite the missing element in the collective will to use simpler methods of diagnosis, namely, the lack of patient participation in the cost of expensive tests. I know that we are living in a time when it is popular to believe that health care is a right. A variable copayment based on individual income might lead patients to care how much money is being spent. A high-level administrator in our local insurance company says that it is ...REFERENCE1. Fletcher RH, Fletcher SW. Has medicine outgrown physical diagnosis? (Editorial). Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:786-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert A. Gutman, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1993Volume 118, Issue 10Page: 828KeywordsHealth carePatients ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Factors associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms in a prospective cohort of patients after abdominal sepsis: a nomogram
Authors: Kimberly R. Boer, Oddeke van Ruler, Arnold A. P. van Emmerik, Mirjam A. Sprangers, Sophia E. de Rooij, Margreeth B. Vroom, Corianne A. J. M. de Borgie, Marja A. Boermeester, Johannes B. Reitsma
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)

To determine to what extent patients who have survived abdominal sepsis suffer from symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and to identify potential risk factors for PTSD symptoms.PTSD and depression symptoms were measured using the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale 10 (PTSS-10) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II).A total of 135 peritonitis patients were eligible for this study, of whom 107 (80%) patients completed the questionnaire. The median APACHE-II score was 14 (range 12-16), and 89% were admitted to the ICU.The proportion of patients with "moderate" PTSD symptom scores was 28% (95% CI 20-37), whilst 10% (95% CI 6-17) of patients had "high" PTSD symptom scores. Only 5% (95% CI 2-12) of the patients expressed severe depression symptoms. Factors associated with increased PTSD symptoms in a multivariate ordinal regression model were younger age (0.74 per 10 years older, p=0.082), length of ICU stay (OR=1.4 per doubling of duration, p=0.003) and having some (OR=4.9, p=0.06) or many (OR=55.5, p<0.001) traumatic memories of the ICU or hospital stay.As many as 38% of patients after abdominal sepsis report elevated levels of PTSD symptoms on at least one of the questionnaires. Our nomogram may assist in identifying patients at increased risk for developing symptoms of PTSD.
Bisphosphonate Use and Femoral Fractures in Older Women
Authors: Christian M. Girgis
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aiding Emergency Research Aim of Report on Exceptions to Informed Consent
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Fellowship Program to Advance Teaching of the Basic Sciences in Foreign Medical Schools
Authors: Abdol H. Islami
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Advancement in world health requires physicians who are well grounded in the basic medical sciences. To strengthen education in the biosciences in foreign medical schools, especially those in economically deprived countries, the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates introduced a fellowship program in 1983. Awards are made annually to 12 to 14 foreign bioscience teachers who, under tutelage of preceptors in US medical schools, broaden their knowledge and enhance their pedagogical skills. To date, a total of 97 fellows from 69 schools in 32 countries have received awards to study under 69 preceptors in 52 US schools. Assurance that these foreign teachers return home after their 1-year fellowships has been addressed through a number of incentives and safeguards. Based on information from those who have completed their fellowships and from their foreign deans, this program is meeting its objectives. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3306-3308)
Mechanisms of hepatocyte growth factor-mediated and epidermal growth factor-mediated signaling in transdifferentiation of rat hepatocytes to biliary epithelium
Authors: Pallavi B. Limaye, William C. Bowen, Anne V. Orr, Jianhua Luo, George C. Tseng, George K. Michalopoulos
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that hepatocytes can transdifferentiate into biliary epithelium (BE) both in vivo and in vitro ; however, the mechanisms are unclear. The current study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of hepatocyte transdifferentiation in vitro . Rat hepatocytes were cultured in roller bottles to obtain hepatocyte organoid cultures, which were stimulated with various growth factors (GFs) including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), stem cell factor (SCF), macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), fibroblast growth factor-a (FGF-a), fibroblast growth factor-b (FGF-b), and fibroblast growth factor-8b (FGF-8b). Only the cultures treated with HGF, EGF, and their combination exhibited formation of hepatocyte-derived biliary epithelium (BE) despite the presence and activation of all the pertinent cognate membrane receptors of the rest of the GFs. Microarray analysis of the organoid cultures identified specific up-regulation of approximately 500 target genes induced by HGF and EGF, including members of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein family, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway, and CXC (cysteine-any amino acid-cysteine) chemokines. To investigate the downstream signaling involved in hepatocyte to biliary epithelial cell (BEC) transdifferentiation, we investigated expression and activities of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)] as well as serine/threonine kinase AKT. The analysis indicated that AKT phosphorylation was particularly increased in cultures treated with HGF, EGF, and their combination. Whereas phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 completely inhibited biliary epithelium formation, AKT inhibitor could only moderately reduce formation of BE in the organoid cultures treated with HGF+EGF. Most of the HGF+EGF target genes were altered by LY294002. Conclusion: Taken together, these data indicate that hepatocyte to BE transdifferentiation is regulated by HGF and EGF receptors and that PI3 kinase–mediated signaling independent of AKT is a crucial component of the transdifferentiation process.
Abstract B23: Reprogramming of the cancer kinome in response to targeted kinase inhibition
Authors: James S. Duncan, Marty W. Whittle, Lee M. Graves, Gary L. Johnson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Kinases are members of a large dynamic and cooperative signaling network, which senses inhibition of key nodal kinases and induces compensatory responses that offset pharmacological intervention. Combination therapies that target multiple growth- and survival promoting kinases are proving to be a better strategy for successful cancer therapy. What is lacking is the ability to measure whole kinome activity and to assess kinome adaptation and resistance to targeted therapies. We have developed a chemical proteomics approach that couples kinase affinity capture with quantitative mass spectrometry, providing a systems biology platform to profile global kinome activity in cancer cells, GEMM tumors and patient biopsies. Our chemical proteomic approach captures the majority of the expressed kinome estimated by RNA-seq and detects altered kinome activity profiles in response to stimulus or kinase inhibitors. Kinases from all major kinome subfamilies are captured with a large percentage representing the understudied kinome. For example, we discovered previously undefined activation of tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases in breast cancer cell lines in response to targeted kinase inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials. Combined kinome activity assessment using chemical proteomics and RNAi synthetic lethal screens predicted a specific kinase inhibitor combination therapy. The combination therapy gave apoptosis and tumor regression in a breast cancer GEMM, where single agents were largely ineffective. Thus we predicted an effective combination therapy based on assessment of kinome response to treatment of cells with drug.
Walter Rostron Price
Authors: Adrian Hamlyn
Journal: BMJ (2006)

General practitioner Rowley Regis, and hospital practitioner Dudley (b 1941; q Birmingham 1974; FRCGP), d 18 February 2006.

Ross Price came to medicine from a background in metallurgy, his PhD thesis on high temperature oxidation contributing to the operation of Magnox nuclear reactors. He was a founder member and trainer in the teaching practice of Regis House, Sandwell, and forged close links with neighbouring hospitals in Birmingham and Dudley. In 1981 he pioneered the open access endoscopy service in Dudley and Stourbridge Hospitals. He coauthored publications on the early detection of colorectal cancer—the basis for the rapid access diagnostic service—and was a founder member of the Primary Care Society for Gastroenterology. He leaves a wife, Frances.
Chemical and Clinical Problems of the Adrenal Cortex
Authors: F. T. G. Prunty
Journal: BMJ (1956)

It is difficult to assign precedence in the recognition of the association of changes in the adrenal gland and the occurrence of clinical symptoms and signs.Fortunately, I am relieved of duties in the early historical field, as the eminent founder of these lectures had himself lectured to this College on this subject in 1933 and 1934.As a result of this Sir Humphry Davy Rolleston (1936) has published a most valuable and full history of the subject up to that time.It is well to note that, historically, the importance of the adrenal emerged along two linesin those cases associated with increased adrenal cortical activity and in those with deficiency of this gland.In the former group the earliest association that I am able to find is the occurrence of a probable tumour in a virilized girl described by Sampson in 1697.Knowledge of this phase, gained impetus after 1900 (Bulloch and Sequeira, 1905; Apert, 1910; Broster and Vines, 1933) and had to be linked up with the work of Harvey Cushing in 1932.In the second group we know so well of the work of Thomas Addison in 1855, and it has been so ably reviewed again recently (Bishop, 1955), that I think I may be excused such a brief reference to an outstanding and fundamental contribution.Following the phase of recognition of the problems.research rapidly developed along the classical lines in endocrinology, with the phase of pathological correla- tion and the attempt to obtain an active extract from the gland concerned.In the case of the adrenal cortex the stage had already been set by the pattern of events in development of our knowledge of the thyroid, although it is true that the synthesis of adrenaline had been made in 1904 by Stolz.As early as 1891 Murray pointed the way by relieving the symptoms of myxoedema by injection of a gland extract, and the synthesis of thyroxine was achieved by Harington and Barger in 1927.It was during the following decade that the chemical foundation-stones were laid in the elucidation of the problems of the adrenal cortex.Adrenal Cortical Hormones In 1930 the first active extracts of the adrenal gland were prepared, and, as is so commonly the case, almost simultaneously, by two groups of workers (Hartman and Brownell, 1930; Swingle and Pfiffner, 1930).The isolation of the active hormones from the adrenal began in 1934 by investigators led by Kendall, Reichstein, and Wintersteiner and Pfiffner.It was not until much later that the important new sodium-retaining steroid, aldosterone, was isolated and characterized (Simpson,
Thyroid Hormones in Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sidney Rosenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  A variety of drugs and disease states have been associated with abnormalities in serum concentration of thyroxine (T 4 ) to triiodothyronine (T 3 ). Carbohydrate starvation is one condition in which low T 3 levels are observed. 1 Uncontrolled diabetes may be considered a state of carbohydrate starvation because glucose does not enter cells normally. Thus, one might expect low T 3 levels in uncontrolled diabetes.  We measured serum T 3 , T 4 , and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels by radioimmunoassay in 22 poorly controlled diabetic patients (fasting blood glucose levels, 270 to 366 mg/dl). Twenty-four nondiabetics served as controls. The T 3 uptakes were also measured, and free T3 and free T 4 indexes were calculated to account for changes in the concentration of binding proteins. The mean values (±SD) in the controls vs the diabetics were as follows: free T 3 index, 104+15 vs 109±19; free T 4
Increased levels of macrophage colony stimulating factor measured beyond the acute phase can predict future cardiac events in patients with unstable angina
Authors: Loukianos S. Rallidis, Maria G. Zolindaki, Kyriakos P. Poulopoulos, Panagiotis C. Pentzeridis, Aggeliki H. Velissaridou, Ebangelos G. Papasteriadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Gene-Wide Identification of Episodic Selection
Authors: Ben Murrell, Steven Weaver, Martin D. Smith, Joel O. Wertheim, Sasha Murrell, Anthony Aylward, Kemal Eren, Tristan Pollner, Darren P. Martin, Davey M. Smith, Konrad Scheffler, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

We present BUSTED, a new approach to identifying gene-wide evidence of episodic positive selection, where the non-synonymous substitution rate is transiently greater than the synonymous rate. BUSTED can be used either on an entire phylogeny (without requiring an a priori hypothesis regarding which branches are under positive selection) or on a pre-specified subset of foreground lineages (if a suitable a priori hypothesis is available). Selection is modeled as varying stochastically over branches and sites, and we propose a computationally inexpensive evidence metric for identifying sites subject to episodic positive selection on any foreground branches. We compare BUSTED with existing models on simulated and empirical data. An implementation is available on www.datamonkey.org/busted, with a widget allowing the interactive specification of foreground branches.
Physicians and Joint Negotiations
Authors: Marc Baltzan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Letters16 July 2002Physicians and Joint NegotiationsMarc Baltzan Sr., MDMarc Baltzan Sr., MDSaskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 0G8, Canada (Baltzan)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-2-200207160-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The position paper on joint negotiations (1) and the accompanying editorial (2) consider the role of joint negotiations in maintaining physician autonomy. The Canadian experience may be of some interest.In Canada, unlike in the United States, state governments are the sole providers of medical insurance, but like in the United States, physicians are in fee-for-service private practice. Government (socialized) medical insurance means a monopsonistic (single) payer. This is an apparently insurmountable obstacle to physician autonomy, especially when the monopsonist (the government) has the power to unilaterally determine “the terms and conditions of physician service,” as the ...References1. Ginsburg J. Physicians and joint negotiations. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134 9 Pt 1 787-92. [PMID: 11329239] MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Hsia DC. Can joint negotiation restore physicians' professional autonomy? Ann Intern Med. 2001;134 9 Pt 1 780-2. [PMID: 11329236] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 0G8, Canada (Baltzan) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysicians and Joint NegotiationsPhysicians and Joint Negotiations Metrics 16 July 2002Volume 137, Issue 2Page: 143KeywordsConflicts of interestHealth careHealth insuranceMedicarePatient advocacyWarts ePublished: 16 July 2002 Issue Published: 16 July 2002 CopyrightCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...