tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of subsquamous dysplasia and carcinoma after successful endoscopic and radiofrequency ablation therapy for dysplastic Barrett's esophagus
Authors: J. Lee, R. Cameron, K. Binmoeller, J. Shah, A. Shergill, R. Garcia-Kennedy, Y. Bhat
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Barrett’s esophagus with dysplasia is commonly treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Despite its effectiveness, a concern of any ablative technique is the development of subsquamous intestinal metaplasia, which could have potential for future neoplastic progression. To date, 34 cases of subsquamous neoplasia have been described in the literature after various ablation therapies. However, only three cases of subsquamous neoplasia have been reported after successful RFA treatment of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. In this case series, we report on four additional cases of subsquamous neoplasia detected after successful endoscopic resection and RFA for neoplastic and dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. All four patients were treated successfully with endoscopic resection of their recurrent subsquamous neoplastic and dysplastic lesions. This case series highlights the need for continued surveillance following successful treatment of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus with RFA.
The conscientious physician
Authors: Jeremy Hugh Baron
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Dyspepsia is, indeed, the malady above all others, in which a variety of quackeries, work their pretended cures...A person suffers from dyspepsia takes a certain remedy. He recovers. Therefore he is cured by it. So runs the popular conclusion. But the conscientious physician can accept no such flattering or delusive estimate of his remedy.

Brinton W. The diseases of the stomach. London: John Churchill, 1859: 387
An evaluation of azathioprine in severe chronic asthma
Authors: N. G. Hodges, R. A. L. Brewis, J. B. L. Howell
Journal: Thorax (1971)

Previous studies of immunosuppressive therapy in asthma have been uncontrolled and conflicting in their results. Two double-blind controlled cross-over trials using two dosage levels of azathioprine (2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg for three and four weeks respectively) in a total of 20 patients with chronic severe asthma are described. Both objective and subjective assessments by independent observers indicated no significant change in the groups as a whole. However, in four patients, an improvement was attributed to azathioprine therapy. Two patients in whom sputum production was copious showed marked clinical improvement and reduced sputum volume. In four patients, exacerbations of asthma occurred within two weeks of starting azathioprine and a causal relationship was suspected. No serious depression of circulating white blood cells occurred in any patient.
Apply the Baconian Method.
Authors: J. N. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Denver, Colo., July 3, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the name of scientific medicine I feel it to be a duty to protest against the promulgation of such ideas as those advanced under the heading "Lycopersicum Cardiopathia" in the issue of theJournalfor June 27. In this article three pages of theory are offered us without, so far as I am able to find by careful examination, any facts whatever as a basis. In the first place, the substance which produces such dire results, acidum lycopersicum, is not mentioned by either Gould, Dunglison, Fowne, Roscoe and Schorlemmer or any authority that I have consulted, while the article itself gives no further proof of its existence than the bare statement that it has been found in the tomato. I submit that a single case, carefully observed and recorded, of any disturbance of any kind, if such ever existed, from the
Adrenaline in allergic emergencies: Authors' reply
Authors: T. Hedner, O. Samuelsson, H. Lunde
Journal: BMJ (1992)

for medical recognition of nursing autonomy and expertise in this field.'>In view of the medicolegal and other implications of this article, I wish to state that I and many other dermatologists consider that short term use of a Eusol dressing to clear adherent slough from an ulcer is perfectly reasonable.We object to the way in which Eusol has been effectively banned by nursing diktat without appropriate consultation and for no very good reason.
Australia is failing with childhood immunisation
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Only one third of Australian children under the age of 6 are fully immunised, says a survey just published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The survey's findings contrast with a take up rate of 53% five years ago. The figures have been branded a “national disgrace” by staff at the federal health department, which has now launched a databank designed to boost the childhood vaccination rate to 95% …
Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Serum Ethanol Levels
Authors: A. W. Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 November 1993Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Serum Ethanol LevelsA. W. Jones, MDA. W. Jones, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I agree with the conclusions of Raufman and colleagues [1] that drugs such as cimetidine and ranitidine that are used to suppress the production of gastric acid do not influence the serum ethanol concentrations reached after moderate alcohol consumption. This is true when alcohol is consumed on an empty stomach as well as after a meal [2]. Accordingly, this drug-alcohol interaction, the subject of unprecedented news media attention, lacks any clinical or medicolegal relevance [3].However, their inclusion of breath alcohol measurements raised concerns about their analysis. As shown in Table 1, peak serum ethanol concentrations reported ...References1. Raufman JP, Notar-Francesco V, Raffaniello RD, Straus EW. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists do not alter serum ethanol levels in fed, nonalcoholic men. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:488-94. Google Scholar2. Jonsson KAngstrom, Jones AW, Bostrom H, Andersson T. Lack of effect of omeprazole, cimetidine, and ranitidine on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in fasting male volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992; 42: 209-12. Google Scholar3. Levitt MD. Lack of clinical significance of the interaction between H2-receptor antagonists and ethanol. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1993; 7:131-8. Google Scholar4. Jones AW. Physiological aspects of breath-alcohol measurements. Alcohol, Drugs & Driving. 1990;6:1-25. Google Scholar5. Jones AW, Hahn RG, Stalberg HP. Distribution of ethanol and water between plasma and whole blood: Inter- and intra-individual variations after administration of ethanol by intravenous infusion. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1990; 50:775-80. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: A. W. Jones, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBreath Ethanol and Acetone as Indicators of Serum Glucose Levels: An Initial Report 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 952-953KeywordsAlcoholsAttentionBlood plasmaBlood volumeDrug interactionsDrugsEthanolPatientsPlasma volumeStomach ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 5363: Genotoxicity of trace level of hexavalent chromium existing in city water
Authors: Xu Tian, Keyur Patel, John R. Ridpath, James A. Swenberg, Jun Nakamura
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Tens of millions of Americans consume trace amounts of potentially toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) through drinking city water every day. According to the studies conducted by the Environmental Working Group, 89% of the water samples from U.S. cities are contaminated with Cr(VI) at levels ranging from 0.03 to 12.9 μg/L. While trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is among the essential trace elements for normal carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism in humans, Cr(VI) has been extensively studied as a toxic heavy metal ion. Cr(VI) is a well-known human carcinogen by inhalation; in contrast, it is a rodent carcinogen by ingestion of extremely high doses (57,300 μg/L or higher) in drinking water. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and other regulatory agencies in the world have set the maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for total Cr or Cr(VI) in human drinking water at 50 or 100 μg/L, although the USEPA is currently re-evaluating these regulations. The mechanism by which Cr(VI) causes genotoxicity is well-characterized at concentrations equivalent to current regulatory levels or higher. The genotoxic mode of action of Cr(VI) appears to be due to the intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) leading to the formation of a ternary complex between DNA, Cr(III), and intracellular reducing molecules. However, little information is available regarding the biological effects of Cr(VI) at doses lower than 100 μg/L. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cr(VI) at nanomolar ranges (1 μg/L or higher) on the DNA damage response in isogenic cultured cells deficient in various DNA repair genes. Here we show that the DNA damage response is observed after a three-day incubation with Cr(VI) at 2-5 μg/L (ppb), which is lower than the Cr(VI) concentrations detected in some of city water in the US. Strikingly, the genotoxicity of Cr(VI) decreased ∼3000 times depending on its incubation time, ranging from three days to ten minutes. Our dose- and time-dependent Cr(VI) genotoxicity results, combined with the estimated transit time of Cr(VI) in the digestive tracts of humans, strongly suggest that trace amounts of Cr(VI) in drinking water at levels 12.9 μg/L or lower are unlikely to cause a significant impact on inducing carcinogenicity in the oral cavity and small intestine. Citation Format: Xu Tian, Keyur Patel, John R. Ridpath, James A. Swenberg, Jun Nakamura. Genotoxicity of trace level of hexavalent chromium existing in city water. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5363. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5363
TCTAP A-047 Stent Patency in Bangladeshi Patient Population- A Prospective Cohort Study of 577 Patients for a Period of 3.4yrs
Authors: Shams Munwar, A.H.M. Waliul Islam, Shahabuddin Talukder, A.Q.M. Reza, Tamzeed Ahmed, A.H. Bhuiyan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Influence of the route of allergen administration and genetic background on the murine allergic pulmonary response.
Authors: Y Zhang, W J Lamm, R K Albert, E Y Chi, W R Henderson, D B Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We used various ovalbumin sensitization and challenge protocols to determine the importance of the route of allergen administration and the genetic background in modulating the physiologic, inflammatory, and immunologic features characteristic of allergen-induced asthma. In BALB/c mice, induction of maximal airway hyperresponsiveness and airspace eosinophilia required administration of ovalbumin by both the intraperitoneal and the intranasal routes (combination protocol), whereas intraperitoneal immunization alone resulted in maximal ovalbumin-specific IgE plasma levels. Thus, a systemic immune response to allergen, in addition to, or independent of IgE production, as well as local allergen challenge were necessary for maximal induction of pulmonary disease. BALB/c mice treated with ovalbumin by the combination protocol had increased Th2-type cytokine mRNA levels in bronchial lymph node tissue compared with control mice. In contrast, C57BL/6 mice treated with ovalbumin by the combination protocol had significantly decreased responses compared with BALB/c mice for all parameters of allergic pulmonary disease examined, with the exception of airspace eosinophilia. Genetic background has a striking and selective effect on the phenotype of murine allergic pulmonary disease. Further analysis of this murine model should be useful in helping define the critical pathogenetic events in allergen-induced asthma.
THE GRADIENT OF VASCULAR PERMEABILITY
Authors: Peyton Rous, H. P. Gilding, Frederick Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

The permeability of the capillaries in the skeletal muscles of mammals increases progressively along their course and is greatest where they pass into the least venules. The gradient of permeability is so largely independent of functional states as to give grounds for the view that it is determined by inherent local differences. Through the gradient opportunity is equalized along the capillary. In the liver lobule this object is accomplished by an artifice of arrangement whereby the blood flow past the cells is increased with their distance from the source of supply. In the urinary bladder the interlacing of capillaries, their progressive widening, and a consequent gradual slowing of the blood flow act to achieve the same end. Here a gradient of permeability has not been demonstrable. Where cells of different sorts are served by a slender capillary, their differing requirements may render unnecessary any provision to equalize their opportunities; but where shortcomings in local maintenance will reduce the efficiency of an entire fabric, as the muscle fibre, and where cells of like character live competitively along the same channel, as in the liver, some arrangement must exist to ensure an even distribution of the services rendered by the blood. In situations of the kind last mentioned the immediate environment of the individual cell, the "milieu interne" of Bernard, is not only kept as constant as possible but it must be the same, by and large, for all of the cells. The task of serving voluntary muscle is not strictly limited to the capillaries. The intrafascicular arterioles and venules act so effectively to sustain the tissue about them that where they run no capillaries are supplied.
The Bradykinin B2 Receptor Gene Is a Target of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling
Authors: Bing Shen, Lisa M. Harrison-Bernard, Andrew J. Fuller, Vanessa Vanderpool, Zubaida Saifudeen, Samir S. El-Dahr
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

Cross-talk between G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) is known to occur at multiple levels, including receptor heterodimerization and intracellular signaling. This study tested the hypothesis that GPCR cross-talk occurs at the transcriptional level. It was demonstrated that the bradykinin B2 receptor gene (BdkrB2) is a direct transcriptional target of the angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) in collecting duct cells. AngII induced BdkrB2 mRNA expression in mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells, and this effect was abrogated by AT(1)R blockade; in contrast, AT(2)R blockade was ineffective. Actinomycin D, an inhibitor of gene transcription, abrogated AngII-stimulated BdkrB2 expression. In addition, AngII produced dosage- and time-dependent increases in B2 receptor protein levels (2.9 +/- 0.4 fold; P < 0.05). AngII stimulated phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) on Ser-133 and assembly of p-CREB on the BdkrB2 promoter in vivo. Moreover, AngII induced hyperacetylation of BdkrB2 promoter-associated H4 histones, a chromatin modification that is associated with gene activation. Mutations of the CRE abrogated AngII-induced activation of the BdkrB2 promoter. AngII-treated inner medullary collecting duct cells exhibited augmented intracellular calcium signaling in response to bradykinin, confirming the functional relevance of AT(1)-B2 receptor signaling. Finally, studies that were conducted in angiotensin type 1 receptor (Agtr1)-null mice revealed that BdkrB2 mRNA levels were significantly lower in the renal medulla of Agtr1(A)(-/-) and Agtr1(A/B)(-/-) than in Agtr1(+/+) and Agtr1(B)(-/-) mice. It is concluded that BdkrB2 is a downstream target of the AT(1)R-CREB signaling pathway. Transcriptional regulation represents a novel form of cross-talk between GPCR that link the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems.
NATIONAL SUPERVISION AND STANDARDIZATION OF FOOD.
Authors: H. L. E. JOHNSON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The relation of pure food to the health of a nation is equally important with good government of a nation. Each year shows not only an increase in the efforts of hygienists and governments to protect the individual in the matter of his food, but also the slow but steady progress of food-producing and controlling corporations in their adulterating, embalming, misbranding and counterfeiting processes, culminating in the disgusting and nauseating revelations of the past few months, which have shaken faith throughout the civilized world in the purity of almost every article of food and drink. Proprietary drug compounds are, in many instances, either inert, wholly false in their claimed composition, dangerous to health or habit producing. Under various names they are hawked about, through a variety of methods, leaving in their wake disappointment, poverty, complicated illnesses, habitués and mental wrecks. Wealth, greed of the tariff-protected corporations and their almost unlimited
The Shocking Truth About Automated External Defibrillators
Authors: Jeremy Brown
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reversed-ear Syndrome
Authors: A. Jarrett
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Liver is the major organ that eliminates xenobiotics from the body, a process that is accomplished by a series of drug-processing genes (DPGs). These genes encode transporters on both basolateral and apical membranes of hepatocytes, as well as phase I and II enzymes. The current study compares the expression of hepatic DPGs in adult and aged mouse livers and explores the potential effects of energy restriction (ER) on these genes during aging. Of 79 quantified hepatic DPGs, 52 were expressed lower in 24-month-old aged mice than in 12-month-old adult mice. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of multiple xenobiotic-activated transcription factors also decreased with age. Six-month ER exerted less of an effect on the hepatic DPGs than did aging. ER increased the mRNAs of two and decreased the mRNAs of nine DPGs in adult mice. In aged mice, ER increased the mRNAs of 10 and decreased the mRNAs of 5 DPGs. The only mRNA that was increased by both ER and aging was Gstm3. ER increased the mRNAs of Cyp2b10, Ugt1a9, Gsta1, and Oatp1a4 only in adult mice and decreased the mRNAs of Aldh6a1, Pon3, Ugt1a1, Sult1a1, and Atp8b1 only in aged mice. In summary, the reduced mRNA expression of hepatic DPGs in aged mice indicates decreased drug-processing capability, whereas ER did not compensate for the global reduction of hepatic DPG expression in aged mice. The hepatic transcription factors are likely to mediate the changes in hepatic DPG expression during aging and ER.
Surgery of pulmonary hydatid cyst--the Barrett technique
Authors: I. Lichter
Journal: Thorax (1972)

A number of methods have been described for the surgical removal of hydatid cysts of the lung. Personal experience of the Barrett technique (Barrett and Thomas, 1952) over a number of years has made it abundantly clear that the method is widely applicable, involves the loss of no appreciable pulmonary tissue or function, and is eminently safe and free of risk of contamination of the pleural space. The technique is ideal for enucleation of all uncomplicated pulmonary hydatid cysts, even of the largest size, and after obliteration of the remaining cavity the inflated lobe looks normal. The method was therefore used wherever applicable in the present series, comprising patients treated between 1961 and 1968. The results have been compared with those of a group of patients treated in the same unit between 1952 and 1960. It is recommended that lobectomy be reserved for complicated cysts where infection has produced a chronic lung abscess or bronchiectasis, and rarely for the very largest uncomplicated cysts. All simple cysts should be enucleated by the Barrett technique.
Private medicine's real manifesto
Authors: Liam Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Historians may one day look back and say that there was a time, in the 20th century, when people actually cared about each other. That once the world was more than just a jungle—full of monsters rising on all sides to smite us, where the strong prosper and the weak are devoured.

But that time is passing, as our health minister perfects the trick of throwing up his hands in horror while simultaneously washing them, like a little Tory Pontius Pilate. And as the NHS …
Islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, but not the clinical phenotype, help to identify type 1[frac12] diabetes in patients presenting with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rattan Juneja, Irl B. Hirsch, Ramachandra G. Naik, Barbara M. Brooks-Worrell, Carla J. Greenbaum, Jerry P. Palmer
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Living with its disabilities.
Authors: R Klein
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The report is a rather sad document. The commission, with a distinguished, intelligent, and perceptive membership, was established in May 1976 but the changes in thinking since then, and particularly the deterioration in the economic climate, have made much of what it says difficult to implement. If a com mission were to be established today its main task would be to suggest how to maintain a skeleton service with diminishing real resources. Much of what the report recommends is sensible and constructive but the conclusions do not take sufficient account of the distinctive long-term needs of the teaching hospitals, the universities, and research; nor do they place sufficient emphasis on the maintenance of personal freedom in the provision of health care.
Dressing Regimens and Intravenous Catheter—Related Infections
Authors: James R. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The original designation by Maki et al<sup>1</sup>that the presence of greater than 15 colony-forming units (CFUs) on semiquantitative catheter culture reflects a positive result was derived from a study in which this criterion allowed some separation of catheters associated with local inflammation from those without catheter site inflammation and included all catheters responsible for catheter-related sepsis. The results of the more recent study about catheter infection by Maki and Ringer<sup>2</sup>challenge the validity of the label "catheter-related infection" for catheters that yield greater than 15 CFUs on semiquantitative culture and call into question the utility of this definition when applied to the carefully managed use of modern Teflon peripheral venous catheters. Not only were no cases of catheter-related sepsis encountered in this study despite the presence of 107 so-called catheter-related infections, but there apparently was not even an association between these colonized catheters and