tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angiogenesis Inhibition by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Blockade Reduces Stromal Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression, Normalizes Stromal Tissue, and Reverts Epithelial Tumor Phenotype in Surface Heterotransplants
Authors: Silvia Vosseler, Nicolae Mirancea, Peter Bohlen, Margareta M. Mueller, Norbert E. Fusenig
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis, through blockade of VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 by the monoclonal antibody DC101 inhibits angiogenesis, tumor growth, and invasion. In a surface xenotransplant assay on nude mice using a high-grade malignant squamous cell carcinoma cell line (A-5RT3), we show that DC101 causes vessel regression and normalization as well as stromal maturation resulting in a reversion to a noninvasive tumor phenotype. Vessel regression is followed by down-regulation of expression of both VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-1 on endothelial cells and increased association of α-smooth muscle actin–positive cells with small vessels indicating their normalization, which was further supported by a regular ultrastructure. The phenotypic regression of an invasive carcinoma to a well-demarcated dysplastic squamous epithelium is accentuated by the establishment of a clearly structured epithelial basement membrane and the accumulation of collagen bundles in the stabilized connective tissue. This normalization of the tumor-stroma border coincided with down-regulated expression of the stromal matrix metalloproteinases 9 and 13, which supposedly resulted in attenuated turnover of extracellular matrix components permitting their structural organization. Thus, in this mouse model of a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line, blockade of VEGF signaling resulted in the reversion of the epithelial tumor phenotype through stromal normalization, further substantiating the crucial role of stromal microenvironment in regulating the tumor phenotype.
Mature results of the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center risk-adapted transplantation strategy in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Constantine S. Tam, Roland Bassett, Celina Ledesma, Martin Korbling, Amin Alousi, Chitra Hosing, Partow Kebraei, Robyn Harrell, Gabriela Rondon, Sergio A. Giralt, Paolo Anderlini, Uday Popat, Barbara Pro, Barry Samuels, Frederick Hagemeister, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Richard E. Champlin, Issa F. Khouri
Journal: Blood (2009)
P12 * A PHASE I TRIAL OF INTRAVENOUS ONCOLYTIC REOLYSIN(R) IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMOURS
Authors: A. Jebar, E. West, K. Scott, S. Thomson, R. Corns, R. Mathew, G. SivaKumar, M. Coffey, G. Nuovo, A. Rose, C. Ralph, C. Twelves, A. Anthoney, S. Griffin, S. Short, A. Melcher
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Oncolytic viruses preferentially replicate in, and kill cancerous cells. REOLYSIN® is a proprietary isolate of reovirus type 3 Dearing. In two trials using intralesional administration in gliomas and recurrent brain tumours, REOLYSIN® has been well tolerated, with early signs of efficacy. However, intravenous delivery would be easier, cheaper and more acceptable to patients than intralesional administration. This trial aims to identify for the first time whether an oncolytic virus, REOLYSIN®, can cross the blood brain barrier and infect brain tumours following intravenous administration. METHOD: This is an open-label, non-randomised study of intravenous REOLYSIN® administered to patients prior to planned surgery for recurrent high grade glioma or metastatic brain tumours. In total, 12 patients will be treated with a single infusion of 1x10^10 TCID50 of REOLYSIN®. The primary objective is the presence of REOLYSIN® in the resected tumours as assessed by immunohistochemistry, RNA in-situ hybridization and retrieval of infectious virions. RESULTS: Three patients have completed the study to date. All 3 resected patient tumours contained REOLYSIN® RNA and protein. There was evidence for REOLYSIN® productive infection in 2 of the tumours. Grade 3-4 adverse reactions were neutropaenia in 1 patient and lymphopaenia in all 3 patients. CONCLUSION: We have shown for the first time that an oncolytic virus, REOLYSIN®, infects and replicates in brain tumours following intravenous administration. This trial will pave the way for phase I/II trials and combination studies using REOLYSIN® in patients with high grade gliomas and brain metastases.
Arterial thrombosis in scleroderma
Authors: NANCY L. FUREY, F.R. SCHMID, H.C. KWAAN, H.H.R. FRIEDERICI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Clinical and pathological observations are presented on five patients with scleroderma who developed thrombosis of a major vessel. Three died following intestinal infarction or limb gangrene and two had digit or extremity amputation. Severe intimal thickening of major arteries with thrombus formation was noted but no significant abnormality was found in the clotting activity of the blood. Histochemical studies in three cases suggested a reduction of fibrinolytic activity at the site of thrombosis in the diseased vessels. These studies support the view that the vascular system is profoundly altered in scleroderma and may play an important role in some manifestations of the disease.
Antibiotics for RTIs in adult primary care
Authors: P Walker
Journal: Thorax (2003)

▴ Steinman MA, Landefeld CS, Gonzales R. Predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in adult primary care. JAMA2003;289:719–25 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] This paper makes a useful contribution to the debate surrounding the prescription of antibiotics for non-pneumonic acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Using a US community based outpatient physician database, the authors assessed frequency of prescription of antibiotics, use of broad spectrum antibiotics, and … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DSteinman%26rft.auinit1%253DM.%2BA.%26rft.volume%253D289%26rft.issue%253D6%26rft.spage%253D719%26rft.epage%253D725%26rft.atitle%253DPredictors%2Bof%2BBroad-Spectrum%2BAntibiotic%2BPrescribing%2Bfor%2BAcute%2BRespiratory%2BTract%2BInfections%2Bin%2BAdult%2BPrimary%2BCare%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.289.6.719%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12585950%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.289.6.719&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12585950&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F58%2F5%2F446.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000180886000026&link_type=ISI
MORBIDITY IN TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Merl Lee Pindell
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor:  —I was interested and somewhat concerned on reading the communication entitled Statistics of Morbidity in Tuberculosis, by Dr. J. A. Myers of Minneapolis (The Journal, Dec. 10, 1932, p. 2050). Dr. Myers brought up a big problem in public health related to immunity in tuberculosis, over which many physicians may well ponder. The answer seems to lie at the root of all our tuberculosis work.  I agree with Dr. Myers that there does occur a form of immunity in tuberculosis, but I am convinced that it is only transient and relative. If one should receive large and frequent doses of tubercle bacilli, there is little chance of escaping clinical tuberculosis, regardless of whether there has been a previous primary infection or not.  Some writers classify calcified tuberculous lesions in children as actual disease. I maintain that calcified lesions, without any other evidence of the disease, present a
Utility of positron emission tomography scans in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Peter J. Hosein, Vitor H. Pastorini, Fabio M. Paes, Daryl Eber, Jennifer R. Chapman, Aldo N. Serafini, Ash A. Alizadeh, Izidore S. Lossos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Positron emission tomography (PET) scans are widely used in patients with lymphoma but little is known about their utility in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MCL patients were included from two prospective trials and one observational study at our institution. A total of 276 PET scans were performed among 52 patients. After a median follow‐up of 37.5 months, the 3‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 73% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 61–85%) and 92% (95% CI 85–100%), respectively. There were 34 pretreatment PET scans, 26 interim, 28 end‐of‐treatment, 162 surveillance, and 26 scans at relapse or beyond. Pretreatment PETs were positive in 94%. A negative interim or end‐of‐therapy PET scan was not significantly associated with better EFS or OS, but no deaths were observed in patients who had a negative interim or end‐of‐therapy PET. Surveillance PET scans had a high false positive rate (35%) and low positive predictive value (8%). PET scans contributed to an earlier diagnosis of relapse in only two out of the 18 patients (11%) who relapsed. PET scans did not meaningfully contribute to staging or surveillance of MCL patients in this study. There was a trend toward improved survival in patients who had a negative end‐of‐therapy PET scan. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract ES02-2: Who should receive preventive therapy?
Authors: J Cuzick
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Several options are now becoming available for preventive therapy in women at increased risk for breast cancer. A major challenge is to determine which women are at sufficiently high risk to warrant treatment, and who will benefit from such treatment. Standard risk factors have been combined in several models to develop a risk score, and the spread in 10-year risk associated with these models will be examined. Two new features which offer improved prognostic discrimination are breast density and SNP profiles. The former can be routinely read visually, but there is a substantial inter-reader variability, and a goal is to develop automated testing which is reproducible and highly prognostic for risk. SNP profiles consist of panels (now over 70) of low risk but common genes that individually are not useful, but as a panel may add useful information. A discussion of the relative amount of information in classic models, mammographic density, and SNP scores will be presented along with initial estimates of their combined utility. Lastly we look at markers which may be able to predict response to endocrine prophylactic treatment. Currently change in breast density offers the most promise in this arena. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr ES02-2.
North of England evidence based development project: guideline for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in primary care management of adults with symptomatic heart failure
Authors: M. Eccles, N. Freemantle, J. Mason
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This article provides recommendations—evidence based where possible—to guide general practitioners in their use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in adults with heart failure. The development group assumes that doctors will use their knowledge and judgment in applying the principles and recommendations given below in managing individual patients, since recommendations may not be appropriate for use in all circumstances. Doctors must take the decision to adopt any particular recommendation in the light of available resources and the circumstances of each patient. The statements accompanied by categories of evidence (cited as Ia, Ib, II, III, IV) and recommendations classified according to their strength (A, B, C, or D) are as described in our previous article (and in the box).1 All recommendations are for general practitioners and apply to adult patients with heart failure attending general practice. This is a summary of the full guideline.2

#### Summary points

Heart failure is a common condition in general practice and has a poor prognosis

Only 20-30% of these patients are currently prescribed an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

All patients with symptomatic heart failure and evidence of impaired left ventricular function should be treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; so should patients with a recent myocardial infarction and evidence of left ventricular function

Left ventricular function should ideally be assessed by echocardiography or radionuclide measurements

#### Strength of recommendation

A—Directly based on category I evidence

B—Directly based on category II evidence or extrapolated recommendation from category I evidence

C—Directly based on category III evidence or extrapolated recommendation from category I or II evidence

D—Directly based on category IV evidence or extrapolated recommendation from category I, II or III evidence

#### Categories of evidence

Ia—Evidence from meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Ib—Evidence from at least one randomised controlled trial

IIa—Evidence from at least one controlled study …
REPORT AS RESIDENT PHYSICIAN OF THE ISOLATION HOSPITAL (YELLOW FEVER).
Authors: HAMILTON P. JONES
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The instituting of the Isolation Hospital and the choice of its site showed the wisdom of the board of administrators of the Charity Hospital and its officers, which was amply brought out by subsequent developments and results. The site was an ideal one for the purpose, consisting of a large isolated square of ground, in a very sparsely settled district, containing main and outbuildings well grouped about its center, the nearest inhabited building being fully six hundred feet from any of the hospital buildings. It is worthy of note that no known case of yellow fever occurred within a radius of ten squares of the hospital during the entire epidemic, and but one occurred at that distance before the establishment of the hospital. The ambulance, although quartered at the Isolation Hospital, was under the absolute control of the Board of Health and was maintained by it, all patients being delivered
SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN ACUTE CORONARY CARE AMONG PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: THE ROLE OF PRE-HOSPITAL DELAY
Authors: Raffaele Bugiardini, Beatrice Ricci, Edina Cenko, Peter L. Amaduzzi, Zorana Vasiljevic, Maria Dorobantu, Sasko Kedev, Oliver Kalpak, Marija Vavlukis, Olivija Gustiene, Dijana Trninic, Božidarka Knežević, Davor Miličić, Mirza Dilic, Olivia Manfrini, Akos Koller, Lina Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Barbara Jean Roberts (née Simpson)
Authors: Jean Graves
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Former obstetrician and gynaecologist London and Merseyside (b 1938; q Royal Free Hospital, London, 1962; FRCOG), died from a heart attack on 21 February 2006.

Barbara worked as an obstetrician and gynaecologist at the North Middlesex Hospital, St Catherine's Hospital, Birkenhead, and Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool. From the mid-1970s and through the 1980s she worked for the Family Planning Association in Clwyd (North Wales) and the Chester area.
High Prevalence of Occult Coronary Artery Stenosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease at the Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Takayasu Ohtake, Shuzo Kobayashi, Hidekazu Moriya, Kousuke Negishi, Kouji Okamoto, Kyoko Maesato, Shigeru Saito
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

The prevalence of coronary artery stenosis (CAS) at the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and no previous history of angina and/or myocardial infarction (MI) has not been fully elucidated. The prevalence of significant CAS was evaluated in 30 asymptomatic stage 5 CKD patients without a history of angina and/or MI by coronary angiography at the initiation of RRT. The correlations of various parameters with the prevalence of CAS were also examined. Atherosclerotic surrogate markers, including intima-media thickness of carotid artery and ankle-brachial BP index (ABI), were also evaluated. Significant CAS (&gt;50% stenosis) was seen in 16 (53.3%) of 30 asymptomatic CKD patients on coronary angiography at the start of RRT. Stress cardiac scintigraphy was not effective for detecting hidden cardiac ischemia among the CKD patients. Univariate analysis showed that diabetes (<i>P</i> = 0.01), left ventricular mass index (<i>P</i> = 0.04), hyperlipidemia (<i>P</i> = 0.04), total cholesterol (<i>P</i> = 0.02), LDL cholesterol (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), intima-media thickness (<i>P</i> = 0.04), and fibrinogen (<i>P</i> = 0.01) were positively correlated with the presence of CAS, whereas ABI (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) showed a negative correlation with CAS. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes and fibrinogen were significant and independent risk factors for CAS in asymptomatic CKD patients who started RRT. The results clearly demonstrated that despite the absence of cardiac events, stage 5 CKD patients are already in a very high risk group for CAS at the initiation of RRT, which was also closely associated with a significant decrease in ABI.
Severe hypermagnesaemia due to magnesium sulphate enemas in patients with hepatic coma.
Authors: P O Collinson, A K Burroughs
Journal: BMJ (1986)

ig/100 ml.Magnesium: 1 mmol/l-224 mg/100 ml.Calcium: 1 mmol/l-4 mg/100 ml.Sodium: 1 mmol= 1 mEq.
Nocturnal Insulin and C-Peptide Rhythms in Normal Subjects
Authors: Isaac Levy, Asuncion Recasens, Roser Casamitjana, Daniel Figuerola
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

Immunoreactive insulin and C-peptide reactive plasma levels in venous blood were studied between 0100 and 0820 h in 10 healthy volunteers to assess nocturnal endogenous insulin secretion and its peripheral extraction. Insulin secretion appeared significantly reduced after 0600 h. No correlations were observed between counterregulatory hormones and insulin secretion during this period. Plasma glucose remained stable throughout the study. An increased peripheral sensitivity to insulin after 0600 h is suggested to explain reduced secretion of insulin.
Geoffrey Battersby Barker
Authors: A Barker
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Geoffrey Barker first worked in a neurological team dealing with head injuries from the D-Day landings.In 1948 he joined Tooting Bec Hospital, introducing an opendoor policy in the day hospital and setting up the art therapy department.He specialised in women's mental health and drug abuse, and during 1967-72 was medical administrator.Geoffrey was a tutor at the Tavistock Clinic and held a child guidance fellowship at Guy's Hospital.He was adviser to the Arts Council, chairman of the Dyslexia Teaching Centre, and a founding member of the Alzheimer's Society.On his retirement he continued to work with the Alzheimer's Society, running a carers group from his home for many years, and for MIND, Crossroads, and Carers UK.A Barker
Rheumatism, A Plan for National Action
Authors: S. Hastings
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1941)

written this book as Chairman of the Empire Rheumatism Council.In it he attempts the difficult task of making himself intelligible both to the profession and the lay pul lic and succeeds well.The broadest definition of rheumatism is accepted, and not only are rheumatic fever and arthritis in its various forms included, but non-articular rheumatism-fibrositis, neuritis, sciatica, lumbago, bursitis, etc.-is also considered.It is estimated that the number of sufferers from rheumatic disease in England and Wales is not less than a million adults and 200,000 children.Vast as the figures are, I believe them to be, if anything, an under-estimate.A few years ago I had occasion to visit every house in a certain district of a large provincial town.I was astonished to find the number of chronic invalids of all ages that were to be found in almost every street, and even more surprised to discover that by far the commonest cause of invalidity was rheumatic disease.The chapter on the etiology of rheumatism is a good one.The importance of occupation, climate and focal sepsis are all stressed, as well as the need for a reasonable standard of comfort in the home, especially in the case of children.An investigation is quoted that indicates that acute rheumatism is three times as common in children coming from poor homes as in children of the same social class living in well-managed children's institutes.The next chapter sets out fairly and squarely what can be expected from the treatment of rheumatic disease and the point is repeatedly stressed that the one thing necessary above all else is early and correct diagnosis.It is suggested that the various types of treatment can be divided into two classes: (1) the ordinary, which can be carried out in any clinic-mainly physical but to a less extent medical; and (2) the more unusual, which require special technique and experience for their application, or which are still on trial and have not yet been generally accepted.
Intrauterine Devices and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: David A. Edelman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The finding of Kaufman et al<sup>1</sup>that the Dalkon Shield is associated with a 6.5-fold higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) compared with copper-bearing intrauterine (contraceptive) devices (IUDs) and a 3.7-fold higher risk compared with the Lippes Loop is curious in terms of the scientific evidence regarding the association between IUD use and the risks of PID. This is especially true in view of our recent extensive review of the literature<sup>2</sup>that showed a similar risk of PID for<i>all</i>types of IUDs. We were puzzled by the following findings of Kaufman et al. The relative risk of PID for Dalkon Shield users (11 cases, two controls) was compared with that for copper-bearing IUD users and Lippes Loop users. The authors state that "comparisons with other IUDs were not feasible because of small numbers," but there were more Saf-T-Coil (eight cases, six controls)
Pneumomediastinum is a frequent but minor complication during esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Y. Tamiya, K. Nakahara, K. Kominato, O. Serikawa, Y. Watanabe, H. Tateishi, H. Takedatsu, A. Toyonaga, M. Sata
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Esophageal perforation caused by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) induces serious pneumomediastinum. In the absence of endoscopically detected perforation, postprocedural pneumomediastinum may occur. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the clinical factors/courses and pneumomediastinum revealed by chest computed tomography (CT) with special reference to an exposed muscle layer during esophageal ESD.A total of 58 patients undergoing ESD for esophageal neoplasms between February 2003 and June 2007 also underwent both chest radiography and chest CT within 1 hour after ESD. We studied the association between findings on CT scan and tumor-related and technical factors of esophageal ESD by uni- and multivariate analyses. We also analyzed the clinical factors/courses experienced by all patients.Pneumomediastinum was detected in 18 / 58 patients (31 %) by chest CT compared with only 1 / 58 patients (1.7 %) by chest radiography. ESD-induced exposure of the muscular layer (32 patients) was the only significant factor for pneumomediastinum (18 / 32; P < 0.0001). Clinical factors such as fever, white blood cell count, and C-reactive protein were significantly increased in the group positive for both endoscopically exposed muscular layer and pneumomediastinum (+/+, n = 18) compared with the (-/-) group (n = 26) in the early phase (day 1) after ESD. However, these factors did not affect the length of the fasting period or the length of hospital stay.In esophageal ESD, pneumomediastinum detected by chest CT only does not cause clinically significant complication. Endoscopic muscle exposure during ESD is a significant risk factor for pneumomediastinum, which causes mild inflammation in the early post-ESD phase.