tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Proposed Excise Tax on Employee Health Insurance
Authors: Samuel Y. Sessions, Allan S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Copper chelation therapy in intrahepatic cholestasis of childhood.
Authors: J Evans, H Zerpa, L Nuttall, M Boss, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1983)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is accompanied with acute respiratory distress syndrome &amp; pulmonary pathology, and is presented mostly with inflammatory cytokine release, dysregulated immune response, skewed neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio, and hypercoagulable state. Though vaccinations have proved effective in reducing the COVID-19 related mortality, the limitation of use of vaccine against immunocompromised, comorbidity, and emerging variants remains a concern. In the current study we investigate for the first-time the efficacy of <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i> (GG) extract, a potent immunomodulator, against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters. Prophylactic treatment with GG showed protection against loss in body weight and 35-40% decrease in lung viral load along with reduced lung pathology in the hamster model. Remarkably, GG reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Plasminogen activator inhibito-1 (PAI-1). <i>In-vitro</i>, GG acted as potent immunomodulator by reducing Th2 and Th17 differentiation and IL-4 and IL-17A cytokine production. In addition, GG also showed robust potential to suppress ROS, mtROS and NETs generation in a concentration dependent manner in both human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and murine bone marrow derived neutrophils (BMDNs). Taken together, we provide evidence for the protective efficacy of GG against COVID-19 and its putative mechanistic insight, which might be developed as a future immunomodulatory approach against various pathologies with high cytokine production, aberrant neutrophil activation including coronavirus infection.
THE PERCUTANEOUS ABSORPTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL SUBSTANCES
Authors: A. G. KNIGHT, C. F. H. VICKERS, A. PERCIVAL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article THE PERCUTANEOUS ABSORPTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL SUBSTANCES Get access A. G. KNIGHT, A. G. KNIGHT University Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Royal Infirmary, and University Department of Bacteriology, Near Medical School, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. F. H. VICKERS, C. F. H. VICKERS University Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Royal Infirmary, and University Department of Bacteriology, Near Medical School, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. PERCIVAL A. PERCIVAL University Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Royal Infirmary, and University Department of Bacteriology, Near Medical School, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue s4, 1 August 1969, Pages 88–91, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb16067.x Published: 01 August 1969
A 40-Year-Old Woman Who Noticed a Medication Error
Authors: David W. Bates
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A delivery system targeting bone formation surfaces to facilitate RNAi-based anabolic therapy
Authors: Ge Zhang, Baosheng Guo, Heng Wu, Tao Tang, Bao-Ting Zhang, Lizhen Zheng, Yixin He, Zhijun Yang, Xiaohua Pan, Heelum Chow, Kinwah To, Yaping Li, Dahu Li, Xinluan Wang, Yixiang Wang, Kwongman Lee, Zhibo Hou, Nan Dong, Gang Li, Kwoksui Leung, Leungkim Hung, Fuchu He, Lingqiang Zhang, Ling Qin
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Hemodynamic effects of vasodilator agents in dogs with experimental ventricular septal defects.
Authors: D P Synhorst, R M Lauer, D B Doty, M J Brody
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The ratio of pulmonary to systemic vascular resistance (Rp/Rs) largely determines the amount of left-to-right shunting and pulmonary to systemic flow rat (Qp/Qs) in the presence of a large isolated ventricular septal defect. The possibility that pharmacologic reduction of systemic vascular resistance with alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade or beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation would increase the ratio Rp/Rs, and therefore reduce the ratio Qp/Qs, was studied in dogs in which ventricular septal defects had been surgically created. Administration of phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine caused a 42% reduction in Rs and no reduction in Rp. Qs was unchanged and Qp declined by 24% and the ratio Qp/Qs fell by 32%. Infusion of the beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant isoproterenol also reduced Qp/Qs. However, this was accomplished as a result of an increase in Qs and at the expense of an increase in heart rate. As a decline in the ratio Qp/Qs has been shown to be beneficial to patients with large left-to-right shunts, pharmacologic reduction of systemic vascular resistance may prove to be helpful in treating congestive heart failure in those patients with large left-to-right shunts at the ventricular level who are refractory to the usual decongestive measures.
Carbohydrate-binding molecules inhibit viral fusion and entry by crosslinking membrane glycoproteins
Authors: Eugenia Leikina, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Kamran Melikov, Myoung-Soon Cho, Andrew Chen, Alan J Waring, Wei Wang, Yongming Xie, Joseph A Loo, Robert I Lehrer, Leonid V Chernomordik
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Recombinant gamma interferon induces hypertriglyceridemia and inhibits post-heparin lipase activity in cancer patients.
Authors: R Kurzrock, M F Rohde, J R Quesada, S H Gianturco, W A Bradley, S A Sherwin, J U Gutterman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

Animals suffering from malignancy or chronic infection develop characteristic metabolic abnormalities, including a well-defined hypertriglyceridemic state. These abnormalities have been attributed to release of one or more mediators from activated macrophages. We report that cancer patients receiving RIFN-gamma, a potent macrophage activator, at doses of greater than or equal to 0.25 mg/m2/d i.m. show marked increases in triglyceride but not in cholesterol levels (pretreatment triglyceride level of 180 +/- 190 mg/dl [mean +/- SD] vs. a day-14 level of 370 +/- 242 mg/dl, n = 23, p less than 0.001 by the paired t test). This hypertriglyceridemia was characterized by an increase in very low-density lipoproteins and a decrease in plasma post-heparin lipase activity, consistent with defective triglyceride clearance (mean pretreatment lipase level of 2.1 mumol/ml/h vs. a day-14 level of 1.2 mumol/ml/h, n = 6, p = 0.02 by the paired t test). rIFN-gamma did not directly inhibit lipoprotein lipase enzymatic activity in vitro. Other possible mechanisms of action, such as suppression of lipase by an rIFN-gamma-induced mediator released from activated macrophages, or a direct effect of interferon on lipase biosynthesis, require further investigation. Our observations provide evidence that factors produced by the immune system can regulate lipid metabolism in man.
Neuroblastoma-targeted Nanoparticles Entrapping siRNA Specifically Knockdown ALK
Authors: Daniela Di Paolo, Chiara Brignole, Fabio Pastorino, Roberta Carosio, Alessia Zorzoli, Marzia Rossi, Monica Loi, Gabriella Pagnan, Laura Emionite, Michele Cilli, Silvia Bruno, Roberto Chiarle, Theresa M Allen, Mirco Ponzoni, Patrizia Perri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

RNA interference molecules have some advantages as cancer therapeutics, including a proved efficacy on both wild-type (WT) and mutated transcripts and an extremely high sequence-specificity. The most significant hurdle to be overcome if exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNA) is to be used therapeutically is the specific, effective, nontoxic delivery of siRNA to its intracellular site of action. At present, human applications are confined almost exclusively to targets within the liver, where the delivery systems naturally accumulate, and extra-hepatic targets remain a challenge. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that has recently been shown to contribute to the cell growth and progression of human neuroblastoma (NB). We investigated its potential as a therapeutic target in NB by generating anti-GD₂-targeted nanoparticles that carry ALK-directed siRNA, which are specifically and efficiently delivered to GD₂-expressing NB cells. Relative to free ALK-siRNA, anti-GD₂-targeted liposomal formulations of ALK-siRNA had low plasma clearance, increased siRNA stability, and improved binding, uptake, silencing and induction of cell death, and specificity for NB cells. In NB xenografts, intravenous (i.v.) injection of the targeted ALK-siRNA liposomes showed gene-specific antitumor activity with no side effects. ALK-selective siRNA entrapped in anti-GD₂-targeted nanoparticles is a promising new modality for NB treatment.
Comparison between Choir Singing and Group Discussion in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients over One Year: Saliva Testosterone Increases in New Choir Singers
Authors: Christina Grape, Britt-Maj Wikström, Rolf Ekman, Dan Hasson, Töres Theorell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

Comparison between choir singing and group discussion in irritable bowel syndrome patients over one year : saliva testosterone increases in new choir singers.
Taking treatment to the patient: development of a home TL-01 ultraviolet B phototherapy service
Authors: H. Cameron, S. Yule, H. Moseley, R.S. Dawe, J. Ferguson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Taking treatment to the patient: development of a home TL‐01 ultraviolet B phototherapy service Get access H. Cameron, H. Cameron Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K Dr Heather Cameron. E‐mail: h.cameron@dundee.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Yule, S. Yule Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Moseley, H. Moseley Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.S. Dawe, R.S. Dawe Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Ferguson J. Ferguson Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 5, 1 November 2002, Pages 957–965, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04860.x Published: 01 November 2002 Article history Accepted: 18 February 2002 Published: 01 November 2002
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and the Pathogenesis of AIDS
Authors: Jay A. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE ACQUIRED immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by a newly recognized member of the lentivirus family, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).<sup>1</sup>This retrovirus family is distinct from the other subfamilies of human retroviruses, the<i>Spumavirinae</i>and<i>Oncovirinae</i>(Table 1). In particular, lentivirus genomes are large and contain several viral genes; the viruses frequently induce cytopathic effects in infected cells, and the disease they cause has a long incubation period resulting in immunologic disorders and neurological disease.<sup>2</sup>Lentiviruses have been identified in several other animal species, including horses, sheep, goats, cows, cats, and monkeys.<sup>1,2</sup>This finding suggests that a progenitor virus entered the animal kingdom in the distant past and various strains evolved over time within each species. This could be the reason that the primate and human lentiviruses (the simian immunodeficiency virus and HIV) resemble each other.<sup>3</sup>Two subtypes of HIV, HIV-1 and HIV-2, have been
Expression of fibronectin during rat fetal and postnatal development: an in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical study
Authors: J L Samuel, F Farhadian, A Sabri, F Marotte, V Robert, L Rappaport
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Fibronectin is a protein of the extracellular matrix with numerous binding sites to the other elements of the matrix and to the cells. The aim of this study was to determine the relative importance of fibronectin isoform expression (FN-EIIIA, FN-EIIIB) during fetal and postnatal development of the rat heart.In situ hybridisation and immunolabelling approaches were used to describe the cellular synthesis of fibronectin and its distribution throughout the rat heart from 11 d postconception until adulthood. The distribution of fibronectin was compared to that of laminin and of alpha type III procollagen.The accumulation and pattern of distribution of the major fibronectin mRNA isoforms were identical, that is, there was a progressive decrease in their accumulation as a function of time after 11 d postconception, resulting in a complete absence in the adult. The distribution of fibronectin and procollagen type III mRNAs were, however, quite distinct. At the protein level the time course of synthesis and secretion of the locally synthesised fibronectin (c-FN) did not follow fibronectin mRNA expression, the accumulation of the protein being rather poor, except just before birth, where it was found mainly in the coronary vessels.During the development of the fetal rat heart fibronectin gene transcription is active and progressively decreases with age, whereas the translation of the mRNAs into their corresponding proteins is always relatively poor. If fibronectin is involved in fetal and postnatal morphogenesis of the rat myocardium, it is the plasma form (p-FN) that is most probably involved in the process of growth and differentiation of the rat heart.
Cellulitis due to <i>Escherichia coli</i> in three immunocompromised subjects
Authors: Tae Young Yoon, Seok KI Jung, Seung HO Chang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

In adults, cellulitis is usually caused by group A streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. However, in patients with underlying disease, it may be caused by other organisms, such as Acinetobacter, Clostridium septicum, Enterobacter, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis or Escherichia coli. We report three cases of cellulitis of the lower legs where E. coli was the causative bacterial organism. It is important to suspect E. coli as a causative organism if blistering cellulitis occurs, especially in patients with underlying diseases.
The Day-Care Center
Authors: Arthur F. Greenwald
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  Brachfeld's idea about a day-care center (215:798, 1971) is splendid. It will satisfy the demands of many physicians for convenience; they want those who are too disabled to come to the office to be bunched together in one place.  But, I fear it will not satisfy the following two groups of patients unless they are intensively educated:   Those who like to be hospitalized. Many older people find hospital life an interesting escape from the boredom of their own lives. Need I elaborate further about the patient with emphysema, the arthritic patient, etc?  The insured patients who want full benefits for their premium dollar. They will demand a bed where they can lie down, a private bathroom, and their own TV set. For them I propose that the insurance companies join in building and operating motels across the street from the hospital and connected to
Scoring atopic dermatitis in infants and young children: distinctive features of the SCORAD index
Authors: N. Pucci, E. Novembre, M. G. Cammarata, R. Bernardini, M. G. Monaco, C. Calogero, A. Vierucci
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects infants, children, and adults with a wide degree of severity; several scoring systems have been used in trials and clinical practice. Infants and young children have a typical distribution of the lesions, but a correlation among skin surface involvement, intensity and subjective symptoms has not been reported in age groups. Aims of the study: To evaluate the clinical features of AD in infants and young children, by using the SCORAD index. A simplified scoring method for clinical practice is also discussed. Methods: The SCORAD index was assessed in 63 infants and young children with AD [mean age (±SD) 17.5 ± 11.15 months]; the single parameters of the index were evaluated, and compared with each other. Serum eosinophil cationic protein (s‐ECP) and urinary eosinophil protein X (u‐EPX) levels were determined and correlated with the SCORAD index. Results: The presence of erythema, edema/papulation, and oozing/crust was significantly high in these patients. A strong positive correlation resulted among the three SCORAD index parameters (extent‐intensity: P &lt; 0.001; extent‐subjective symptoms: P &lt; 0.001; intensity‐subjective symptoms: P &lt; 0.001). S‐ECP and u‐EPX levels positively correlated to almost every single parameter of the SCORAD index as well as to its total. Conclusions: Distinctive intensity items were found in infants and young children with AD. A strong correlation resulted among the extent, intensity, and subjective symptoms; each of the three parameters was positively correlated with the total SCORAD. Immunologic parameters positively correlated to each of the SCORAD index items, which remains the gold standard for assessing disease severity in clinical trials.
THE NORMAL HEMOGLOBIN STANDARD
Authors: RUSSELL L. HADEN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The clinical estimation of hemoglobin has always been a most unsatisfactory procedure. Few scientific data are available concerning the behavior of hemoglobin in health and in disease. Few of the clinical determinations are of any real value, since nearly all are expressed in relative terms and have no exact meaning. There are numerous technical difficulties in the way of accurate hemoglobin work. Perhaps the greatest two obstacles, however, have been the lack of a simple method of calibration for hemoglobinometers, and the absence of a uniform standard. All hemoglobinometers are graduated to read in percentages, yet there is no agreement as to what the 100 per cent. shall be equivalent. One reads in a clinical report that the hemoglobin was a certain per cent., but has no exact idea of what the hemoglobin is in terms of grams. It is usually stated that 100 per cent, on a hemoglobinometer should
Workplace Exposures and the Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Fang Fang, Patricia Quinlan, Weimin Ye, Marie K. Barber, David M. Umbach, Dale P. Sandler, Freya Kamel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Occupation has been suggested to play a role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology, but detailed information on the importance of specific workplace exposures is lacking.Our aim was to assess the relationship between workplace exposures and the risk of ALS and to evaluate potential interactions between these exposures and smoking.We conducted a case-control study in New England between 1993 and 1996, comprising 109 cases and 253 controls who completed a structured interview covering occupations and workplace exposures. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ALS. Analyses were conducted among the entire study population and after stratification by smoking.We observed a higher risk of ALS for construction workers excluding supervisors (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2-7.2) and precision metal workers (OR = 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2-10.5). Self-reported exposures to paint strippers; cutting, cooling, or lubricating oils; antifreeze or coolants; mineral or white spirits; and dry cleaning agents each appeared to be associated with a 60-90% higher risk. Specific chemicals related to a > 50% increase in risk of ALS included aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, glycols, glycol ethers, and hexane. Relative risks associated with these workplace exposures and chemicals were greater among nonsmokers and persisted in mutually adjusted models.Our data suggest that certain occupations and workplace exposures may be associated with increased risk of ALS. These results need to be confirmed in independent populations.