tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract B67: Elucidating the mechanism of targeting WNT ligands to exosomes
Authors: Ying Yi Zhang, Ainsley Underhill, Liang Zhang, Jeffrey Wrana
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract It has been demonstrated that secreted vesicles called exosomes derived from stromal fibroblasts pick up Wnt ligands from breast cancer cells and facilitate cell migration and metastasis in vivo. However, how Wnt ligands are loaded onto exosomes remains unclear. Interestingly, Wnt ligands are posttranslationally modified by acylation and thus tether tightly to the cell membrane. I will present my work on defining the molecular mechanisms through which Wnt is targeted to exosomes. In particular, I am studying the molecular determinants in Wnt ligands, including the palmitoylation and glycosylation sites that regulate Wnt sorting to exosome membranes. Elucidation of Wnt mobilization in the extracellular space has significant implications in the fields of Wnt signaling in both development and cancer. Citation Format: Ying Yi Zhang, Ainsley Underhill, Liang Zhang, Jeffrey Wrana. Elucidating the mechanism of targeting WNT ligands to exosomes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B67.
Circulating phospholipid profiling identifies portal contribution to NASH signature in obesity
Authors: Kavya Anjani, Marie Lhomme, Nataliya Sokolovska, Christine Poitou, Judith Aron-Wisnewsky, Jean-Luc Bouillot, Philippe Lesnik, Pierre Bedossa, Anatol Kontush, Karine Clement, Isabelle Dugail, Joan Tordjman
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN THE CHILD'S CHEST
Authors: KENNON DUNHAM
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The diagnosis of tuberculosis in the child's chest is easy when tubercle bacilli can be found in the sputum, when the roentgen-ray chest plates show markings similar to those of adult tuberculosis, or when physical signs similar to those heard in cases of adult pulmonary tuberculosis are found. But in such cases the diagnosis is made too late; the child will almost surely die.  There are many reports and much writing which, when boiled down, state that a combination of all or several of the following observations establishes the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a child: a tuberculin reaction; a roentgen-ray chest plate showing calcification and large lymph nodes, especially with heavy trunks; parasternal or intrascapular dulness, and a d'Espine sign extending below the third dorsal spine. If there is a history of exposure, a low grade fever, a rapid pulse and loss of weight, then the diagnosis is complete.  One
DISCORDANCE IN LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS INDEX BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE VERSUS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY INCREASES IN HEART FAILURE
Authors: Danielle Henkel, Nowell Fine, Sung-A Chang, Sang-Chul Lee, James Glockner, Eric Williamson, Yeon-Hyeon Choe, Jae Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ALK+ALCLs induce cutaneous, HMGB-1–dependent IL-8/CXCL8 production by keratinocytes through NF-κB activation
Authors: Emilie Dejean, Marianne Foisseau, Fréderic Lagarrigue, Laurence Lamant, Naïs Prade, Abdelghafour Marfak, Georges Delsol, Sylvie Giuriato, Fréderique Gaits-Iacovoni, Fabienne Meggetto
Journal: Blood (2012)
Radionuclide Imaging of Primary Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions of the Liver
Authors: WALTER E. DRANE, GARY A. KRASICKY, DAVID A. JOHNSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

The unique information provided by radionuclide techniques allows the noninvasive characterization of primary tumors and tumor-like conditions of the liver. A thorough knowledge of the mechanisms of radiopharmaceutical localization and the histologic abnormalities present in each condition is required to optimally use these techniques. A review of this subject is presented.
Urokinase-dependent adhesion loss and shape change after cyclic adenosine monophosphate elevation in cultured rat mesangial cells.
Authors: W F Glass, R A Radnik, J A Garoni, J I Kreisberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Mesangial cells in culture change shape and become less adhesive in response to cAMP elevation (e.g., treatment with isoproterenol plus isobutylmethylxanthine (IM). Inhibitors of serine proteases inhibit cellular shape change in response to IM. To further examine the role of cell surface proteases in shape change, adhesion plaque proteins (i.e., preparations of ventral membranes and extracellular matrix) were separated in SDS-polyacrylamide gels containing gelatin with and without plasminogen. Four discrete zones of lysis were evident in plasminogen gels (indicative of activation of plasminogen) from control adhesion plaques: one inconspicuous zone with a Mr approximately 150 kD, another at approximately 115 kD, and a doublet at approximately 35-32 kD. Another diffuse zone of lysis centered around Mr approximately 70 kD and contained a defined band of approximately 56 kD. Adhesion plaques contained most of the plasminogen activators (PA). 5 min after IM treatment, the Mr approximately 150- and approximately 115-kD PA were increased in activity. Vasopressin (VP), which prevented shape change and adhesion loss when added along with IM, inhibited the increase in these PA. Preincubation with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) totally inhibited the IM-inducible shape change and adhesion loss. Activation of plasminogen throughout the gels revealed multiple protease resistant bands that markedly increased with IM treatment (maximal at 45 min). These may represent focal control mechanisms. uPA thus may mediate focal proteolysis, which results in shape change and decreased adhesion.
Targeting pathogenic T helper cell memory
Authors: H.-D. Chang, A. Radbruch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Immunity to pathogens, once encountered, is one of the most obvious manifestations of the adaptive immune system. In principle, immunity can result from a chronic immune reaction to persistent antigen, or from immunological memory for the antigen, a memory maintained long term in the absence of the antigen. This was already observed in ancient times, and has led to the development of vaccination as the most successful medical treatment available today. Yet, the molecular, cellular and systemic basis of immunological memory is still poorly understood. The generation of memory cells from their precursors, the lifestyle of memory cells, their maintenance, their reactivation and their differentiation potential are still enigmatic. With respect to autoantigens, persistent pathogens and allergens, immunological memory can become detrimental, inducing and maintaining immunopathology and chronic inflammation, posing a major challenge for the treatment of, for example, autoimmunity. Immunological memory is imprinted, does not depend on antigenic stimulation, and functions independently of proliferation, properties which make it refractory to physiological regulation and rigorous therapeutic immunosuppression. Complete immune ablation followed by the regeneration of a juvenile immune system from stem cells has led to treatment-free remission in patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrating that, in principle, curative treatment is possible. The concomitant loss of all protective immunity and the resulting susceptibility to lethal opportunistic infections, however, calls for the development of a more specific therapeutic approach targeting only those memory cells perpetuating autoimmune inflammation. This requires a better understanding of the immunological memory providing protective and pathological immunity.

CD4 Th lymphocytes are distinguished by different lineages based on the cytokines they express and the resulting effector function. Once activated, Th lymphocytes can generate a memory for the cytokines they were instructed to express, epigenetically imprinting distinct cytokine loci and stably …
Marital Status, Health, and Use of Health Services
Authors: Anne R. Somers
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Historical data indicate that married persons live longer on the average than unmarried persons and that they generally make less use of health care services. These facts are increasingly important in view of the growing proportion of "singles" in the US population. The complex cause-and-effect relationship between marriage and better health has long been recognized, but there is now some indication that the relationship is less strong than before. Despite lack of precise knowledge on many aspects of this issue, two facts are clear: perceptions of health, illness, and "need" for health care are constantly changing; and as the family's role in health has declined, there has been a concurrent rise in the "need" for, and cost of, the external health care system. The future of these trends depends, in part, on the future of the American family. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1818-1822, 1979)
Do Psychiatric Out-patients Take Their Drugs?
Authors: J. Todd
Journal: BMJ (1965)

p. 880) on the technique employed by Dr.R. E. Loder.I have been concerned with this subject for the past 20 years.Before the introduction of muscle relaxants, when ether was used as the main agent in all anaesthetics requiring muscular relaxation, in order to avoid the unpleasant after-effects of ether I began to use a combination of light anaesthesia with Pentothal (thiopentone), N20, and oxygen with various regional blocks (intercostal for abdominal operations, para- vertebral for herniotomies, and pre-sacral for haemorrhoidectomy).When curare and like
Seizures After Withdrawal of Meprobamate
Authors: Francis J. Kane, Donald E. Widmann
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In connection with the meprobamate withdrawal letters in the Dec 28 issue ofThe Journal(<b>186</b>:1178, 1179), the following report may be of interest because of the occurrence of grand mal seizures in association with the abrupt withdrawal of this drug (administered in the customary dosage). A 21-year-old white, single male was admitted to the Psychiatric Inpatient Service of North Carolina Memorial Hospital on July 24, 1963, with a history of posturing, refusal to eat, and refusal to speak when annoyed. For the previous two months he had been taking meprobamate (Pathibamate-400), one tablet four times daily. The findings of the physical and the neurological examinations were normal upon admission. No meprobamate was given the day of admission; that evening the patient suddenly fell to the floor, hit his face and chin, and had a grand mal seizure. He was cleared by the neurological service the
Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes for metastatic cervical cancer
Authors: Christian S Hinrichs, Sanja Stevanovic, Lindsey Draper, Michelle Langhan, Mark Dudley, John Wunderlich, Steven A Rosenberg
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive T-cell therapies for cancer can induce tumor responses in patients with metastatic melanoma, synovial sarcoma, and B-cell malignancies. However, no cellular therapy has demonstrated activity in a common epithelial tumor. Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
Electrocardiographic Patterns in Patients with Cerebrovascular Accidents
Authors: VAGN FENTZ, JOHS. GORMSEN
Journal: Circulation (1962)

In two Series of 69 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 21 patients with intracranial hemorrhage, 11 and 15 respectively showed electrocardiographic changes that could not be ascribed to the usual cardiac or other extracerebral causes. These changes often simulate myocardial ischemia or even infarction.
Vulnerability and access to care for South Asian Sikh and Muslim patients with life limiting illness in Scotland: prospective longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: A. Worth, T. Irshad, R. Bhopal, D. Brown, J. Lawton, E. Grant, S. Murray, M. Kendall, J. Adam, R. Gardee, A. Sheikh
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objectives</b> To examine the care experiences of South Asian Sikh and Muslim patients in Scotland with life limiting illness and their families and to understand the reasons for any difficulties with access to services and how these might be overcome. <b>Design</b> Prospective, longitudinal, qualitative design using in-depth interviews. <b>Setting</b> Central Scotland. <b>Participants</b> 25 purposively selected South Asian Sikh and Muslim patients, 18 family carers, and 20 key health professionals. <b>Results</b> 92 interviews took place. Most services struggled to deliver responsive, culturally appropriate care. Barriers to accessing effective end of life care included resource constrained services; institutional and, occasionally, personal racial and religious discrimination; limited awareness and understanding among South Asian people of the role of hospices; and difficulty discussing death. The most vulnerable patients, including recent migrants and those with poor English language skills, with no family advocate, and dying of non-malignant diseases were at particularly high risk of inadequate care. <b>Conclusions</b> Despite a robust Scottish diversity policy, services for South Asian Sikh and Muslim patients with life limiting illness were wanting in many key areas. Active case management of the most vulnerable patients and carers, and "real time" support, from where professionals can obtain advice specific to an individual patient and family, are the approaches most likely to instigate noticeable improvements in access to high quality end of life care. Improving access to palliative care for all, particularly those with non-malignant illnesses, as well as focusing on the specific needs of ethnic minority groups, is required.
929-65 Mechanisms of Hyperenhancement by Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging are Related to Injured Myocardial Mass in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Joao A.C. Lima, Gabriel Nazareno, Robert Judd, Carlos Lugo-Olivieri, Cynthia Siu, Elias A. Zerhouni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Fitness, Acute Exercise, and Anabolic and Catabolic Mediators in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: PORNCHAI TIRAKITSOONTORN, ELIEZER NUSSBAUM, CHUANPIT MOSER, MARYANN HILL, DAN M. COOPER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Exercise can stimulate catabolic inflammatory cytokines even in healthy children. For patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), this may be problematic because CF is characterized by increased inflammation and suppressed growth. We examined fitness and the response to brief exercise of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), insulinlike growth factor-I (IGF-I), and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in 14 subjects with CF (10.5 ± 0.8 yr of age), 9 of whom were treated with ibuprofen, and 14 healthy control subjects (11.6 ± 0.5 yr of age, NS). Subjects performed brief intermittent, constant work rate protocol (scaled to each individual's exercise capacity) with blood and urine sampling. Peak V˙ o 2 was correlated with IGF-I (r = 0.68, p < 0.01) in control subjects but not in subjects with CF. In subjects with CF, baseline IL-6 was 79% greater (p < 0.05) and IGF-I was 47% lower than in control subjects (p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis revealed a progressive increase in the IL-6 response to exercise, with the lowest increase observed in control subjects (11.8 ± 4.6 pg/L/kJ), higher increases in patients with CF treated with ibuprofen (23.4 ± 7.7 pg/L/kJ), and highest in subjects with CF not receiving ibuprofen (29.2 ± 7.5 pg/L/kJ). Qualitatively similar results were observed for TNF- α . Exercise also significantly increased IGFBP-1 in both control subjects and subjects with CF. Brief exercise can increase even chronically elevated inflammatory mediators in CF, and this response may be attenuated by ibuprofen.
Management of the Acute Radiation Syndrome
Authors: Milton Ende
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters7 December 2004Management of the Acute Radiation SyndromeMilton Ende, MDMilton Ende, MDFrom Petersburg, VA 23803.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Waselenko and colleagues on medical management of the acute radiation syndrome (1) references the use of stem-cell transplantations as a potential treatment in certain patients. However, no mention is made of the use of stored umbilical cord blood for the same purpose. The use of umbilical cord blood for lethal doses of radiation in mice has been documented (2), as has the potential use of stored umbilical cord blood in a nuclear disaster (3).We should consider saving cord blood at all hospitals throughout the United States for use in case of a nuclear ...References1. Waselenko JK, MacVittie TJ, Blakely WF, Pesik N, Wiley AL, Dickerson WE, et al. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:1037-51. [PMID: 15197022] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Ende N, Ponzio NM, Athwal RS, Ende M, Giuliani DC. Murine survival of lethal irradiation with the use of human umbilical cord blood. Life Sci. 1992;51:1249-53. [PMID: 1406046] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Ende N, Lu S, Ende M, Giuliani D, Ricafort RJ, Alcid MG, et al. Potential effectiveness of stored cord blood (non-frozen) for emergency use. J Emerg Med. 1996;14:673-7. [PMID: 8969984] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Petersburg, VA 23803. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMedical Management of the Acute Radiation Syndrome: Recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group Jamie K. Waselenko , Thomas J. MacVittie , William F. Blakely , Nicki Pesik , Albert L. Wiley , William E. Dickerson , Horace Tsu , Dennis L. Confer , C. Norman Coleman , Thomas Seed , Patrick Lowry , James O. Armitage , and Nicholas Dainiak Metrics Cited ByTannic acid attenuated irradiation-induced apoptosis in megakaryocytesBlack Grape Juice Protects Spleen from Lipid Oxidation Induced by Gamma Radiation in RatsEffect of Black Grape Juice against Heart Damage from Acute Gamma TBI in RatsEmergency Use of Human Cord Blood 7 December 2004Volume 141, Issue 11Page: 891KeywordsBloodBone marrow transplantationHealth careLethal dosePatientsTransplantation ePublished: 7 December 2004 Issue Published: 7 December 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Skeletal Trauma in Children
Authors: Robert J. Bielski
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ammonium and Glucose Metabolism in Liver Failure
Authors: Henry Brown
Journal: JAMA (1967)

There is a close relationship between ammonium and glucose metabolism in liver disease and failure, particularly in cirrhosis after acquired or surgical portasystemic venous shunting. (The term "blood ammonium" is used in referring to ammonia in blood because in excess of 99% of ammonia in the blood is present as ammonium ions.) Many well-documented reports both of elevated blood ammonium levels and of abnormal glucose tolerance curves in advanced cirrhosis<sup>1,2</sup>support this statement. The relationship is a very logical one chemically for both the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle for carbohydrate metabolism and the Krebs-Henseleit urea cycle for ammonia utilization function in part through use of common intermediates such as oxaloacetate and aspartate (Fig 1). The figure also indicates the three principal known routes for nitrogen fixation into amino acids, purines, nucleic acids, etc, through interrelationship of the two cycles by means of (1) glutamic acid, (2) glutamine, and (3)
Surface modification of PLGA nanospheres with Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA for high-relaxivity MRI contrast agents
Authors: Gerda Ratzinger, Prashant Agrawal, Wilfried Körner, Julia Lonkai, Honorius M.H.F. Sanders, Enzo Terreno, Michael Wirth, Gustav J. Strijkers, Klaas Nicolay, Franz Gabor
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
History of Breast-Feeding in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk: a Review of the Epidemiologic Literature
Authors: L. Lipworth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2000)

The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the collective epidemiologic evidence that a history of breast-feeding may decrease the risk of breast cancer. Original data for inclusion were identified through a MEDLINE® search of the English language literature from 1966 through 1998. To date, virtually all epidemiologic data regarding breast-feeding and breast cancer risk are derived from case-control studies, which vary according to classification of breast-feeding history. Overall, the evidence with respect to “ever” breast-feeding remains inconclusive, with results indicating either no association or a rather weak protective effect against breast cancer. An inverse association between increasing cumulative duration of breast-feeding and breast cancer risk among parous women has been reported in some, but not all, studies; the failure to detect an association in some Western populations may be due to the low prevalence of prolonged breast-feeding. It appears that the protective effect, if any, of long-term breast-feeding is stronger among, or confined to, premenopausal women. It has been hypothesized that an apparently protective effect of breast-feeding may be due to elevated breast cancer risk among women who discontinue breast-feeding or who take medication to suppress lactation; however, the evidence is limited and should be interpreted with caution. The biology underlying a protective effect of breast-feeding and why this should be restricted to premenopausal women remain unknown, although several mechanisms have been postulated (hormonal changes, such as reduced estrogen; removal of estrogens through breast fluid; excretion of carcinogens from breast tissue through breast-feeding; physical changes in the mammary epithelial cells, reflecting maximal differentiation; and delay of the re-establishment of ovulation). While breast-feeding is a potentially modifiable behavior, the practical implication of reduced breast cancer risk among premenopausal women with prolonged durations of breast-feeding may be of marginal importance, particularly in Western societies.