tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reviews and Notes: Constipation: Etiology, Evaluation and Management
Authors: David S. Greenbaum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 December 1995Reviews and Notes: Constipation: Etiology, Evaluation and ManagementDavid S. Greenbaum, MDDavid S. Greenbaum, MDMichigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SD Wexner and DCC Bartolo; eds. 272 pages. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995. $145.00. ISBN 0-7506-0776-9. Order phone 800-366-2665.No recent textbook has comprehensively addressed this topic, but many gastroenterology and colorectal surgical texts do the job more succinctly. Although the editors, who are colorectal surgeons, consider the book to be multidisciplinary, most of the contributors are surgeons. This perspective is shown in various ways; for example, anismus is usually referred to as paradoxical puborectalis contraction, a misleading construct. This text is intended for colorectal and general surgeons, gastroenterologists, and, to a “certain degree,” gynecologists and psychiatrists. It is contradictory that a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 11Page: 895-896KeywordsAlgorithmsBehaviorBotulinum toxinColectomyConstipationDefecationEtiologyGastroenterology and hepatologyPrimary care physiciansSurgeons Issue Published: 1 December 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
On climbing fiber signals and their consequence(s)
Authors: J. I. Simpson, D. R. Wylie, C. I. De Zeeuw
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

The persistence of many contrasting notions of climbing fiber function after years of investigation testifies that the issue of climbing fiber contributions to cerebellar transactions is still unresolved. The proposed capabilities of the climbing fibers cover an impressive spectrum. For many researchers, the climbing fibers signal errors in motor performance, either in the conventional manner of frequency modulation or as a single announcement of an "unexpected event". More controversial is the effect of these signals on the simple spike modulation of Purkinje cells. In some hands, they lead to a long-term depression of the strength of parallel fiber synapses, while, in other hands, they lead to a short-lasting enhancement of the responsiveness of Purkinje cells to mossy fiber inputs or contribute to the often-seen reciprocal relation between complex and simple spike modulation. For still other investigators, the climbing fibers serve internal timing functions through their capacity for synchronous and rhythmic firing. The above viewpoints are presented in the spirit of trying to reach some consensus about climbing fiber function. Each point of view is introduced by summarizing first the key observations made by the respective proponents; then the issues of short-lasting enhancement, reciprocity between complex and simple spikes, and synchrony and rhythmicity are addressed in the context of the visual climbing fiber system of the vestibulocerebellum.
The Interferon-Induced Protein BST-2 Restricts HIV-1 Release and Is Downregulated from the Cell Surface by the Viral Vpu Protein
Authors: Nanette Van Damme, Daniel Goff, Chris Katsura, Rebecca L. Jorgenson, Richard Mitchell, Marc C. Johnson, Edward B. Stephens, John Guatelli
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
Traditional ways of selecting medical staff
Authors: M. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1998)

In the first of two articles on recruiting doctors occupational psychologist Mark Cook examines traditional methods of recruiting doctors and finds them wanting 

The crucial first stage in assessing staff is deciding what you are looking for. The traditional methods of job description and person specification do not dig very deep. Specialised job analysis techniques give more useful results and make it much easier to defend selection methods against criticism or fair employment challenges. A recent analysis of the work of hospital consultants in the Netherlands listed a dozen or more themes, of which “medical competence” was only one.

Other important attributes included being open to criticism, staying calm in a crisis, a caring attitude to patients and relatives, willingness to take a share of the non-medical side of the work, and being cost conscious.1 Research in Israel suggests that compassion and empathy are what patients look for in doctors but do not necessarily find because neither qual- ity seems to help doctors advance their careers in hospital.2 American research confirms that effective performance as a medical practitioner has two basic dimensions: medical skills and management of psycho- social aspects of illness - that is, talking to, listening to, and re- assuring patients.3

In Britain the past 10 years have seen doctors increasingly becoming also managers, whether formally, as practice managers or clinical directors, or informally. Most professional people also need a range of skills besides their professional expertise - for example, making presentations, writing reports, understanding budgets, using computers, dealing with staff, and chairing meetings.

In Britain medical staff are usually selected by the traditional combination of application form, reference, and interview. Previously they will have been selected for medical school by application form, reference, and examination grades. In America entry to medical school also depends on getting a …
Occupational Benzene Exposure and the Risk of Lymphoma Subtypes: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies Incorporating Three Study Quality Dimensions
Authors: Jelle Vlaanderen, Qing Lan, Hans Kromhout, Nathaniel Rothman, Roel Vermeulen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

The use of occupational cohort studies to assess the association of benzene and lymphoma is complicated by problems with exposure misclassification, outcome classification, and low statistical power.We performed meta-analyses of occupational cohort studies for five different lymphoma categories: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).We assessed three study quality dimensions to evaluate the impact of study quality variations on meta-relative risks (mRRs): stratification by the year of start of follow-up, stratification by the strength of the reported acute myelogenous leukemia association, and stratification by the quality of benzene exposure assessment.mRRs for MM, ALL, and CLL increased with increasing study quality, regardless of the study quality dimension. mRRs for NHL also increased with increasing study quality, although this effect was less pronounced. We observed no association between occupational benzene exposure and HL.Our meta-analysis provides support for an association between occupational benzene exposure and risk of MM, ALL, and CLL. The evidence for an association with NHL is less clear, but this is likely complicated by the etiologic heterogeneity of this group of diseases. Further consideration of the association between benzene and NHL will require delineation of risks by NHL subtype.
Prognostic Impact of Paraneoplastic Cushing’s Syndrome in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hélène Nagy-Mignotte, Oxana Shestaeva, Lucile Vignoud, Pascale Guillem, Stéphane Ruckly, Olivier Chabre, Linda Sakhri, Michael Duruisseaux, Mireille Mousseau, Jean-François Timsit, Denis Moro-Sibilot
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Serving Patients Who May Die Soon and Their Families
Authors: Joanne Lynn
Journal: JAMA (2001)

The case story of a 47-year-old man with advanced rectal carcinoma illustrates the professional services and care system strategies available to help clinicians serve patients coming to the end of life. For this patient, who understands his prognosis, primary care physician services include (1) prevention and relief of symptoms, (2) assessment of each treatment before and during implementation, (3) ensuring that the patient designates a surrogate decision-maker and makes advance plans, and (4) preparation of patient and family for the time near death. Good care may entail enduring unavoidably difficult times with patients and their families. Enrollment in a hospice program requires that decision-makers confront the prognosis and their uncertainties about it, consider the desirability of other services, recognize variations among available hospice programs, address financial issues, and weigh the distress of patients and loved ones at being labeled as "dying." Hospice provides competent, continuous, and reasonably comprehensive care, but it has some constraints. Function and symptoms for those living with serious chronic illness at the end of life generally follow 1 of 3 trajectories: (a) a short period of obvious decline at the end, which is typical of cancer; (b) long-term disability, with periodic exacerbations, and unpredictable timing of death, which characterizes dying with chronic organ system failures; or (c) self-care deficits and a slowly dwindling course to death, which usually results from frailty or dementia. Effective and reliable care for persons coming to the end of life will require changes in the organization and financing of care to match these trajectories, as well as compassionate and skillful clinicians.
Hearing Loss and Vertigo Secondary to Head Injury
Authors: Gerald B. Healy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

VEHICULAR accidents represent the single greatest cause of death and injury to people under the age of 35 in the United States. Approximately 75 per cent of these accidents involve injuries to the head.1 Cochlear and vestibular dysfunction represent the largest group of delayed complications of head injury that can be objectively demonstrated. Historically, vestibular and cochlear dysfunction after such injuries was considered irreparable, and therefore otologists were seldom consulted in such cases. In 1956, objective evidence was presented to demonstrate that ossicular-chain injury and subsequent conductive hearing loss could follow head injury. This represented the first evidence of a . . .
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in Detecting Lesser Sac Bile Leak in Postcholecystectomy Patients
Authors: Vijay Babu Balakrishnan, Rakesh Kumar, Halanaik Dhanpathi, Murali Nadig, Tushar Mohapatra, Chandra Sekhar Bal, Arun Malhotra
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed abdominal surgeries in which bile duct injury and bile leaks are the most important complications. Imaging plays an important role in the prompt diagnosis and management of bile leaks. The more common sites of bile leak are the gallbladder bed, subhepatic, in a bilioma, right paracolic gutter, or diffusely in the peritoneal cavity. Bile leak into the lesser sac (LS) is uncommon but is a special entity posing difficult problems in management. We have described in this study the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and management of 6 patients with biliary leakage into the LS postcholecystectomy. The clinical presentation of this condition was varied, ranging from patients with asymptomatic or with vague complaints resulting in difficulties in clinical suspicion or symptomatic but minimal enough not to be detected by ultrasonogram. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy played an important role in the diagnosis and management, and all patients required definitive therapeutic drainage procedures. Any persistent focal radiotracer activity in the anatomy of the LS, increasing with time and not diffusing into the general peritoneal cavity is diagnostic of bile leak into the LS.
Condemnation of euthanasia unjust
Authors: J. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1993)

register should be well defined.Having a list of recognised qualifications or colleges would be pointless as a potential patient would find it almost impossible to ascertain which were bona fide; in addition, there would be no opportunity to impose sanctions.Lastly, hypnotherapy does not have to be confined to the medical profession as a medical qualification is not a prerequisite to being a good hypnotherapist.Indeed, some lay therapists are better than their medical
Polymorphisms in the Caspase Genes and the Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Shin Yup Lee, Yi Young Choi, Jin Eun Choi, Min Jung Kim, Jong-Sik Kim, Deuk Kju Jung, Hyo-Gyoung Kang, Hyo-Sung Jeon, Won Kee Lee, Guang Jin, Seung Ick Cha, Chang Ho Kim, Tae Hoon Jung, Jae Yong Park
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Treatment for Lupus, First in 50 Years, Offers Modest Benefits, Hope to Patients
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An observational cross-sectional survey of rosacea: clinical associations and progression between subtypes
Authors: J. Tan, U. Blume-Peytavi, J.P. Ortonne, K. Wilhelm, L. Marticou, E. Baltas, M. Rivier, L. Petit, P. Martel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Few studies have evaluated differences between rosacea subtypes in epidemiological associations and clinical features. The natural history of rosacea is unknown and progression between subtypes has been implied but not formally evaluated.To assess associations between the four rosacea subtypes [erythematotelangiectatic (ETR), papulopustular (PPR), phymatous (PHY) and ocular], including quantitative and qualitative details on primary and secondary features of rosacea. A secondary objective was to evaluate for the potential of progression between subtypes.This cross-sectional study recruited subjects with rosacea from Northern Germany and comprised clinical evaluation by a dermatologist and a survey of demographics and onset of rosacea-associated signs and symptoms.A total of 135 subjects with rosacea were enrolled. PHY was more frequently associated with PPR than ETR (P < 0·001). Compared with ETR, PPR was significantly associated with facial burning/stinging (P = 0·001), phymas (P < 0·001) and oedema (P < 0·001); and during flushing episodes, was more frequently associated with burning (P = 0·018), skin tension (P = 0·005) and itching (P = 0·027). ETR was more frequently associated with dry facial skin (P < 0·001). Flushing was reported by 66% and the site most frequently involved was the cheeks (100%). Papulopustules were evanescent in 42% and the sites most frequently involved were the cheeks (80%) and nose (67%). Of those fulfilling criteria for at least two subtypes, 66% developed ETR before PPR; 92% developed ETR before PHY; 83% developed PPR before PHY; and the majority developed cutaneous rosacea-associated features before ocular signs/symptoms.Significant differences exist between ETR and PPR in rosacea-associated features and in subtype associations. A small proportion of subjects with rosacea may progress between subtypes.
β <sub>2</sub> -Adrenergic Dilation of Resistance Coronary Vessels Involves K <sub>ATP</sub> Channels and Nitric Oxide in Conscious Dogs
Authors: Zhi Ming, Robert Parent, Michel Lavallée
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background We considered that β 2 -adrenergic stimulation may dilate resistance coronary vessels by opening ATP-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels, thereby triggering NO formation. Methods and Results In conscious instrumented dogs after β 1 -adrenergic blockade, intracoronary (IC) injections of acetylcholine (ACh), nitroglycerin (NTG), and pirbuterol (PIR), a selective β 2 -adrenergic agonist, were performed before and after blockade of NO formation with IC N ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 50 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 ×12 minutes) or blockade of K ATP channels with IC glibenclamide (25 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 ×12 minutes followed by 2 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 ). PIR (50.0 ng/kg) increased coronary blood flow (CBF) by 32±6 from 43±7 mL/min and by only 11±2 ( P &lt;.01) from 40±7 mL/min after L-NAME. Increases in CBF to ACh were also reduced by L-NAME, but NTG responses were not. Before glibenclamide, PIR increased CBF by 33±5 from 45±7 mL/min and by only 14±3 ( P &lt;.01) from 36±5 mL/min thereafter. CBF responses to ACh and NTG were maintained after glibenclamide. Lemakalim, a selective opener of K ATP channels, caused dose-dependent increases in CBF that were partially inhibited by L-NAME. In experiments in which CBF was controlled, the fall in distal coronary pressure caused by PIR was less after L-NAME or glibenclamide than before. Conclusions β 2 -Adrenergic dilation of resistance coronary vessels involves both the opening of K ATP channels and NO formation. L-NAME antagonized lemakalim responses consistent with a link between the opening of K ATP channels and NO formation in canine resistance coronary vessels.
A Cure for Serpents
Authors: Christopher Timmis
Journal: BMJ (2008)

This charming book by Alberto Denti (who later became the Duke of Pirajno), an Italian who went to north Africa as a doctor in 1924 and stayed for 18 years, is a collection of stories, mostly about his patients. He later worked as an administrator and eventually became the governor of Tripoli, handing the town to General Montgomery in 1943.

In 1924 Libya was an Italian colony, and Dr Denti was attached to a military force led by the Duke of Aosta. His duties included the care of soldiers’ families …
Diffuse pulmonary angiomatosis.
Authors: G J Canny, E Cutz, I B MacLusky, H Levison
Journal: Thorax (1991)

A six year old girl with diffuse pulmonary angiomatosis presented with haemoptysis and diffuse interstitial changes with bilateral pleural effusions on the chest radiograph. The lung lesion as seen on biopsy specimens (and confirmed at necropsy) consisted of bloodless, thin walled, endothelium lined channels, affecting the interstitial septae, pleura, bronchi, and adventitia of large vessels. There was no response to oral corticosteroids or a trial of cyclosphamide. This lesion may be an example of an angiogenic disease.
Frequency of 22q11 deletions in patients with conotruncal defects
Authors: Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Bernard J Clark, Laura E Mitchell, Abbas F Jawad, Bettina F Cuneo, Lori Reed, Donna McDonald-McGinn, Peggy Chien, Jennifer Feuer, Elaine H Zackai, Beverly S Emanuel, Deborah A Driscoll
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)

Objectives. This study was designed to determine the frequency of 22q11 deletions in a large, prospectively ascertained sample of patients with conotruncal defects and to evaluate the deletion frequency when additional cardiac findings are also considered. Background. Chromosome 22q11 deletions are present in the majority of patients with DiGeorge, velocardiofacial and conotruncal anomaly face syndromes in which conotruncal defects are a cardinal feature. Previous studies suggest that a substantial number of patients with congenital heart disease have a 22q11 deletion. Methods. Two hundred fifty-one patients with conotruncal defects were prospectively enrolled into the study and screened for the presence of a 22q11 deletion. Results. Deletions were found in 50.0% with interrupted aortic arch (IAA), 34.5% of patients with truncus arteriosus (TA), and 15.9% with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Two of 6 patients with a posterior malalignment type ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) and only 1 of 20 patients with double outlet right ventricle were found to have a 22q11 deletion. None of the 45 patients with transposition of the great arteries had a deletion. The frequency of 22q11 deletions was higher in patients with anomalies of the pulmonary arteries, aortic arch or its major branches as compared to patients with a normal left aortic arch regardless of intracardiac anatomy. Conclusions. A substantial proportion of patients with IAA, TA, TOF and PMVSD have a deletion of chromosome 22q11. Deletions are more common in patients with aortic arch or vessel anomalies. These results begin to define guidelines for deletion screening of patients with conotruncal defects.
Novel Retinoic Acid Receptor- Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Responsive to All-trans-Retinoic Acid
Authors: W. H. Miller, R. P. Warrell, S. R. Frankel, A. Jakubowski, J. L. Gabrilove, J. Muindi, E. Dmitrovsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Novel Retinoic Acid Receptor-α Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Responsive to All- trans -Retinoic Acid Get access Wilson H. Miller, Jr, Wilson H. Miller, Jr Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Raymond P. Warrell, Raymond P. Warrell * Developmental Chemotherapy and Leukemia Services, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. * Correspondence to: Raymond P. Warrell, Jr, MD, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stanley R. Frankel, Stanley R. Frankel Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ann Jakubowski, Ann Jakubowski Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Janice L. Gabrilove, Janice L. Gabrilove Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Josephia Muindi, Josephia Muindi Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ethan Dmitrovsky Ethan Dmitrovsky Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, NY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 24, 19 December 1990, Pages 1932–1933, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.24.1932 Published: 19 December 1990 Article history Received: 16 October 1990 Revision received: 23 October 1990 Accepted: 23 October 1990 Published: 19 December 1990