tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fingertip necrosis during chemotherapy with bleomycin, vincristine and methotrexate for HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: M. Pechére, G.B. Zulian, J-J. Vogle, M. Jeanprètre, B. Hirschel, J-H. Saurat
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Fingertip necrosis during chemotherapy with bleomycin, vincristine and methotrexate for HIV‐related Kaposi's sarcoma Get access M. Pechére, M. Pechére Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, SwitzerlandDivision of Infectious Disease, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.B. Zulian, G.B. Zulian Oncohaematology, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐J. Vogle, J‐J. Vogle Angiology, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Jeanprètre, M. Jeanprètre Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Hirschel, B. Hirschel Division of Infectious Disease, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐H. Saurat J‐H. Saurat Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospital, 1121 Geneva 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 2, 1 February 1996, Pages 378–379, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07642.x Published: 01 February 1996
BENNETT'S FRACTURE.
Authors: RAYMOND RUSS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

cian paid by the company, for examination, and tuber- culosis is thus discovered very often in the most incipient and consequently the most curable stage.The patient is then sent to a sanatorium, very often built and main- tained by the insurance company, near large centers of population and independent of climatic conditions.Nevertheless the absolute and lasting cures often amount to 75 and 85 per cent.In the meantime the family of the consumptive laborer is looked after so that they may not be in want.What is the social aspect, the social advantage of such an institution, which the Germans very justly call a Volksheilanstalt-a people's healing institution, or sana- torium ?Time does not permit me to dwell at length on all that is accomplished by the sanatorium in regard to the social aspect of the disease under consideration.I had the honor, a few months ago, to address the Tuber- culosis Congress in Paris on the subject of "The Sana- torium for Tuberculous Patients and Its Medical and Social Mission."Let me recapitulate rapidly the essen- tial points of the latter, that is to say, the social mission, which I enumerated in that address.By the admission of a patient to a sanatorium a fre- quently dangerous center of infection is made inoffen- sive and the patient is given the greatest possible chance of cure.If he is in the advanced stage he is made as comfortable as lies in the power of human skill with all the modern therapeutic means at command.The statis- tics of sanatoria show that the careful and trained con- sumptive is no danger to his immediate surroundings and the sanatorium no danger to the neighborhood.The contraction of tuberculosis by physicians, nurses and em- ployés in sanatoria is of the rarest occurrence.The tuberculosis mortality in villages surrounding well-con- ducted sanatoria decreases because of the imitation by the inhabitants of the example in cleanly habits set be- fore them by the inmates of the sanatorium.12The sana- torium cures the consumptive whenever he is curable and thus demonstrates the curability of the disease independent of climatic conditions.This is important when we consider that the majority of patients must be treated and cured in the same, or nearly the same, climate, in which they have to live and labor after their restoration to health.This cure is not established by quacks, "patent medicines," faith cure, or other mysterious means, but simply by the judicious use of God's fresh air, sunshine, good food, pure water, and sometimes a little medicine, and all under the careful guidance of a competent physician.The sanatorium makes the patient a hygienic fac- tor when he returns to his former environments and thus demonstrates the preventability of tuberculous dis- eases.13.In the Muskoka Sanatorium, a Canadian institution, Dr. Elliott takes his patients on botanizing tours and geological excur- sions.A botany club has recently been formed at the Adirondack Cottage Sanatorium with a view to entertaining and instructing the tuberculous invalids of that institution.
Study of the effect of changing glucose, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I levels on serum corticosteroid binding globulin in lean, obese, and obese subjects with glucose intolerance
Authors: Jos[eacute]-Manuel Fern[aacute]ndez-Real, Michel Pugeat, Agn[eacute]s Emptoz-Bonneton, Wifredo Ricart
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Abstract B28: Epigenetic contribution of Wnt antagonists SFRP1 and DKK1 as prognostic markers in colorectal cancer
Authors: Bharati Bapat, James B. Rawson, Miralem Mrkonjic, Roger C. Green, Steve Gallinger, Banfield Younghusband, John McLaughlin, Julia A. Knight
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Aberrant Wnt pathway activation is a vital carcinogenic event in colorectal cancer (CRC). DKK1 and SFRP1 encode extracellular inhibitors of canonical and canonical/non-canonical Wnt signaling, respectively, that are frequently silenced by promoter hypermethylation in CRC. Despite their known tumor-suppressive roles, few studies have systematically examined the prognostic/predictive significance of methylation in these genes in tumor development. Using a population-based genetic epidemiological approach, we investigated the methylation status of DKK1 and SFRP1 in a large cohort of primary CRCs and correlations to patient clinicopathological data. Methods: As part of a Canadian interdisciplinary initiative to study the genetic and environmental determinants of CRC, we accrued a large number of primary colorectal carcinoma cases diagnosed in the province of Ontario, representative of a heterogeneous population (n = 558), and in the province of Newfoundland, representative of a founder population (n = 650). We examined the methylation status of DKK1 and SFRP1 gene promoters in colorectal tumors and matched normal colon tissues using MethyLight assay, a semi-quantitative methylation detection technique. We examined correlations between methylation levels and frequency, and a comprehensive array of patient clinicopathological features such as: age, sex, tumor stage, grade, tumor MSI subtype, and clinical outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-tailed Fisher's exact test, SPSS v16. Results: Respective DKK1 and SFRP1 methylation frequencies were similar in Ontario (13%, 95%) and Newfoundland (14%, 94%). Methylation was highly tumor specific. DKK1 methylation was a strong predictor of the microsatellite instability (MSI) tumor subtype in Ontario (OR=13.7 [7.8, 24.2], p &amp;lt; 0.001) and in Newfoundland (OR=3.9 [2.8, 5.6] p &amp;lt; 0.001). SFRP1 methylation was a predictor against MSI tumors in Ontario (OR=0.25 [0.15, 0.52], p &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Our study highlights the prognostic role of DKK1 and SFRP1 methylation related to CRC tumor subtype and suggests a novel distinction between the relative involvements of different Wnt pathways in microsatellite stable vs. unstable CRC. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B28
10-minute consultation: sinusitis
Authors: Neil K Chadha, Rashmi Chadha
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A 39 year old woman attends your surgery with a four day history of unpleasant yellowish nasal discharge, blocked nose, and severe pain across her cheeks and between her eyes.One week ago she had had a "bad cold" and she thought she was getting better, but then this started.
Over-the-Counter Cough Mixtures
Authors: Edward B. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Numerous communications have indicated the use of over-the-counter cough mixtures in huge amounts by addicts as a source of narcotics and psychedelic drugs. A recent popular book speaks of a young man who frequently consumed large amounts of a most innocent-sounding cough mixture for this purpose. Additives to these syrups might effectively control this problem, as has been suggested in other forms of medication, and this might be most effective here. Many authorities recommend ipecac in subemetic dosage in the treatment of cough, croup, and asthma. The usual dose of ipecac syrup is 0.5 to 1.0 ml. If equivalent amounts of ipecac per teaspoon were added to cough medication, it might increase its antitussive effect. Many cough syrups could stand improvement! But the addition of ipecac in this amount per usual dose would amount to a substantial emetic effect in a bottle of 120 ml, which seems
Cerebrovascular Risk Factors and 1-Year Depression Outcome in Older Primary Care Patients
Authors: Jeffrey M. Lyness, Deborah A. King, Yeates Conwell, Christopher Cox, Eric D. Caine
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: A model in which cerebrovascular disease contributes to the pathogenesis of depression in later life was the basis of the authors' hypothesis that cerebrovascular risk factors at intake are independently associated with depression at 1-year follow-up. METHOD: The subjects were 247 patients aged 60 years or older in primary care practices. The study measures were completed at intake and 1-year follow-up. Multiple regression techniques were used to determine the independent association of initial cerebrovascular risk factors with depressive symptoms and diagnoses at 1 year. RESULTS: The authors found that the severity of initial cumulative cerebrovascular risk factors was significantly independently associated with 1-year depressive symptoms and diagnoses, but not after also controlling for overall medical burden. CONCLUSIONS: The results lend some support to the cerebrovascular model of depression.
IOM Report Lays Out a Blueprint for Improving Regulatory Systems Worldwide
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

of messaging and electronic mapping technology to track weekly stock levels of antimalarial medicines in remote health facilities. Also in development are mobile echocardiograms, mobile microscopes that work through mobile phone cameras, mobile devices that detect toxins in the environment, and numerous other mobile-based tools that can be used alone or with existing technologies. mHealth approaches offer considerable potential benefits, but few have been scientifically evaluated, taken to scale, or carried out long enough to determine their effect, according to Flora Katz, PhD, who is deputy director of the division of international training and research at the National Institutes of Health’s Fogarty International Center. “The technology and number of apps and sensors are exploding,” she said. “If we evaluate in the traditional way with randomized control trials, the technology might be obsolete by the end of the trial, so there is a need to develop a rigorous but rapid assessment approach.”
Book Review Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders Third edition. Edited by Alfred P. Fishman, with Jack A. Elias, Jay A. Fishman, Michael A. Grippi, Larry R. Kaiser, and Robert M. Senior. 2777 pp. in two volumes, illustrated. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1998. $295. 0-07-911167-X
Authors: Antoni Torres, Torsten T. Bauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Gastroenterology: Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Principles and Practice
Authors: Bradley Kendall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 November 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Gastroenterology: Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Principles and PracticeBradley Kendall, MD and Richard W. McCallum, MDBradley Kendall, MDUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908Search for more papers by this author and Richard W. McCallum, MDUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00053 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Principles and PracticeSinn Anuras; ed. 479 pages. New York: Raven Press; 1992. $98.00.Within the 479 pages of this book, Dr. Anuras and his coauthors have skillfully summarized the current knowledge of disorders of gastrointestinal motility.It is refreshing to find a book on these disorders in which the first chapter is on disorders of esophageal motility and the last chapter on disorders of anorectal motility. The first section of this book provides a clear and succinct review of the physiology of normal gastrointestinal motility. Following this is a detailed review of currently available methods for ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 961KeywordsClinical epidemiologyGastrointestinal motility disordersGastrointestinal tractIrritable bowel syndrome ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pathology of the Lung
Authors: Walter F. Coulson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

This is the second edition of Thurlbeck and Churg's textbook, coming seven years after the first edition and, at 1178 pages and 10 lb, 346 pages longer and 3½ lb heavier. It is about as large a text as can be published in one volume with conventional binding, and I suspect that with regular use the book's spine is not going to last very long. One half of the 24 authors are Canadian, and, of these, eight are from Vancouver. Many are well known, and their expertise is reflected in the chapters they have written. The editors' chapters— "Lung Growth and Development," "Quantitative Anatomy," and "Chronic Air Flow Obstruction" by Thurlbeck and "Occupational Lung Disease" and "Diseases of the Pleura" by Churg—likewise reflect their experience. At 147 pages, the chapter "Interstitial Lung Disease" by Colby and the late Charles Carrington is virtually a textbook in itself. The first nine chapters,
Blue-on-yellow and achromatic perimetry in diabetic children without retinopathy.
Authors: L Lobefalo, A Verrotti, L Mastropasqua, G Della Loggia, V Cherubini, G Morgese, P E Gallenga, F Chiarelli
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: We compared blue-on-yellow perimetry with achromatic perimetry to determine whether the first was more sensitive in detecting visual field defects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 50 children and adolescents (22 male, 28 female) with IDDM, ranging in age from 10.1 to 16.3 years (mean 13.3+/-2.1 years), with a disease duration of 5.2-10.0 years (mean 7.1+/-1.9 years). Patients were divided into subgroups according to the presence of persistent microalbuminuria. No one had signs of diabetic retinopathy when studied with fluorescein angiography. RESULTS: By achromatic perimetry, the analysis of subareas of the central 30 degrees of the visual field (0-9 degrees; 10-18 degrees; out of 18 degrees) showed no differences between diabetic subgroups in the central 18 degrees of the visual field, while a significant difference between the same subgroups was found outside the 18 degrees of the 24-2 program of the Humphrey perimeter (P = 0.027). By blue-on-yellow perimetry, in all three of the perimetric subareas evaluated, the sensitivity was lower in microalbuminuric patients than in normoalbuminuric ones. The differential sensitivity between the perimetric tests performed with blue-on-yellow and with achromatic stimuli showed statistically significant data, with a higher level of significance in the central 18 degrees (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) than outside the 18 degrees (P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that blue-on-yellow perimetry is more useful and more sensitive than achromatic perimetry in the detection of preclinical visual field defects in diabetic children with microalbuminuria but without clinically detectable retinopathy.
Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Insulin.
Authors: P. Goodwin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract There is growing acceptance that overweight and obesity are associated with poor outcomes in early stage breast cancer. This effect has been reported in pre-and postmenopausal women, regardless of hormone receptor status. Postulated mechanisms have included presentation of cancer at a more advanced stage, underdosing of chemotherapy and higher levels of endogenous estrogens in overweight and obese women. Recent research has provided strong evidence that insulin may play a key role in mediating these prognostic effects. Overweight and obesity are associated with insulin resistance (and resulting hyperinsulinemia) in both the general population and in breast cancer patients; both insulin resistance and high insulin levels have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer recurrence or death, independent of traditional prognostic factors. Breast cancer cells commonly overexpress insulin receptors (frequently a fetal form of the receptor that may hybridize with the IGF-1 receptor), providing a biologic basis for a prognostic effect of insulin. These receptors are not downregulated by circulating insulin; as a result, cancer cell growth may be stimulated by high circulating insulin levels, leading to poor prognosis. Preclinical work provides strong evidence for a mitogenic role of insulin in breast cancer. Taken together, these observations have led to the development of lifestyle interventions targeting insulin and/or insulin resistance in breast cancer patients. Interventions include weight loss (which reduces insulin levels in the general population) and physical activity (which has been shown to reduce insulin in breast cancer patients). Randomized trials of weight loss are ongoing and planned. One completed trial (Women's Intervention Nutrition Study, J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:1767-1776) reported improved relapse free survival in breast cancer patients randomized to a reduced fat diet (that was associated with significant weight loss). Effects were greatest in hormone receptor negative breast cancer. Recent interest has focused on the use of metformin, a biguanide commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. Metformin reduces insulin resistance and lowers insulin levels in many populations, including early stage breast cancer patients. In addition to this indirect (insulin lowering) effect, metformin may also exert direct anti-tumor effects via mTOR inhibition. Studies using metformin in the neoadjuvant setting in breast cancer are ongoing. The effect of metformin on breast cancer outcomes (with embedded correlative studies that will examine direct and indirect effects of the drug) will be examined in NCIC MA.32, a randomized trial of metformin versus placebo involving 3582 women with early breast cancer that will be activated in early 2010. Together, these lifestyle and pharmacologic studies will provide important information on the effect of modification of a key host factor (obesity with associated hyperinsulinemia) on breast cancer outcomes. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr MS2-1.
Decreased lymphocyte responses in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are associated with increased concentrations of PCBs and DDT in peripheral blood.
Authors: G P Lahvis, R S Wells, D W Kuehl, J L Stewart, H L Rhinehart, C S Via
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Since 1987, large-scale mortalities of dolphins have been reported along the Atlantic coast of North America, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Mediterranean Sea. Autopsied bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, which were collected from the large-scale mortality along the Atlantic coast in 1987 to 1988, exhibited opportunistic infections indicative of immune dysfunction. Further, these animals had high levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as PCBs and DDT, that can suppress immune functions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between chemical contaminant exposure and immune response in free-ranging dolphins. In June of 1991, peripheral blood was obtained from members of a bottlenose dolphin population that resides along the west coast of Florida. Peripheral blood lymphocyte responses to Concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were determined in vitro and compared by regression analysis with contaminant concentrations in whole blood from a small subset of these animals (n = 5). These data indicate that a reduced immune response in these bottlenose dolphins was correlated with increasing whole blood concentrations of several contaminants. Specifically, inverse correlations were found between Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation and tetrachlorinated to octachlorinated biphenyls (r2 values ranged from 0.70 to 0.87). Con A-induced lymphocyte responses also correlated inversely with p,p'DDT (r2 values of 0.73 and 0.79); o.p'-DDE (r2 values of 0.93 and 0.96); and p,p'-DDE (r2 values of 0.73 and 0.81).
Would criminalising healthcare professionals for wilful neglect improve patient care?
Authors: J. Bibby, C. Tomkins
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Jet lag sleep disorder and shift work sleep disorder are the result of dyssynchrony between the internal clock and the external light-dark cycle, brought on by rapid travel across time zones or by working a nonstandard schedule. Symptoms can be minimized by optimizing the sleep environment, by strategic avoidance of and exposure to light, and also with drug and behavioral therapies.
The DIAGNOSIS DURING LIFE of RETINAL and LABYRINTHINE HAeMORRHAGES in a CASE of SPLENIC LEUKAeMIA
Authors: J. Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (1898)

9 i 2 s which I had the privilege of seeing in the London' Hospital.Sometimes both upper, limbs with adjacent portions of the: thorax in the form .of a "vest" are affected, but it is dis-'tinctly.exceptionalto have the sensory disturbance general-.'ised over the whole body, though such cases have been'reported.