tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Production of chemokines and proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines by human alveolar macrophages activated by IgE receptors
Authors: Philippe Gosset, Isabelle Tillie-Leblond, Séverine Oudin, Odile Parmentier, Benoit Wallaert, Michel Joseph, André-Bernard Tonnel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Double-Blind Study of Metaxalone
Authors: Seymour Diamond
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Patients with an acute skeletal-muscle spasm frequently pose a considerable problem to the practitioner who must deal with these spastic conditions. Conservative treatment in the form of rest, heat, analgesics, and guarded activity often reduce the reflex muscle spasm. However, most patients prefer to remain active for one reason or another and hence they seek medical attention for the purpose of shortening the acute phase of the disease.  Skeletal-muscle spasm or muscular splinting may be considered to be a persistent, painful, and reversible contracture of striated muscle, usually localized to an area of trauma, inflammatory disease, or other pathological process not amenable to voluntary control. Psychogenic factors such as anxiety, tension, and emotional stress can accentuate as well as be the precipitating cause of acute skeletal-muscle spasm. The tension headache in which muscle contraction plays a prominent role is a prime example. 1   Since the introduction of mephenesin, an interneuronal
Sarcoid granulomas of the skin produced by acrylic and nylon fibres
Authors: J.CORTEZ PIMENTEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

The introduction into the skin of organic or inorganic substances can produce sarcoid‐like granulomas. Two new granulomas of this type are described related to acrylic and nylon fibres. The aetiological diagnosis of such lesions can be confirmed by the identification of these synthetic materials within the‐granuloma cells, using histochemical techniques used in the textile industry. An 'individual factor', probably immunological in nature, may be implicated.
1006-55 In vivo macrophage imaging of acute coronary syndromes with intracoronary optical coherence tomography
Authors: Briain D MacNeill, Ik Kyung Jang, Brett E Bouma, Nicusor Iftimia, Masamichi Takano, Hiroshi Yabushita, Milen Shishkov, Guillermo J Tearney
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Persistently poor pregnancy outcomes in women with insulin dependent diabetes
Authors: D. Simmons
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Women with insulin dependent diabetes no longer “give birth astride of a grave.”1 By the time of the St Vincent declaration in 1989, with its goal of near normal pregnancy outcomes for diabetic women, non-randomised studies from specialist centres had clearly shown major reductions in fetal and neonatal loss down to 2-4%.1 2 At the time, Drury proclaimed that “malformations constitute the last bastion to be conquered” among pregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes.1 Non-randomised studies suggested that, with careful family planning and tight control of preconceptual glycaemia, even malformations could be reduced to near background rates.3 It is therefore disappointing that the first published papers on this target of the St Vincent declaration, reported in this week's BMJ (pp 275, 279), indicate no local improvement in the rate of either mortality or malformation.4 5

Why is it that in these two studies of populations in England the declaration's goal …
Pet ownership and human health: a brief review of evidence and issues
Authors: June McNicholas, Andrew Gilbey, Ann Rennie, Sam Ahmedzai, Jo-Ann Dono, Elizabeth Ormerod
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Research into the association between pet ownership and human health has produced intriguing, although frequently contradictory, results often raising uncertainty as to whether pet ownership is advisable on health groundsThe question of whether someone should own a pet is never as simple as whether that pet has a measurably beneficial or detrimental effect on the owner's physical health.The emotional bond between owner and pet can be as intense as that in many human relationships and may confer similar psychological benefits.Death of a pet can cause grief similar to that in human bereavement, whereas threat of loss of a pet may be met with blunt refusal and non-compliance with advice on health.We examine the current evidence for a link between pet ownership and human health and discuss the importance of understanding the role of pets in people's lives.
Design and comparative in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of starch-acrylate graft copolymer based salbutamol sulphate sustained release tablets
Authors: Pankaj Kumar, Ashok Laxmanrao Ganure, Bharat Bhushan Subudhi, Shubhanjali Shukla, Pooja Upadhyay
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014)

The present work deals with the development of controlled release tablets of salbutamol sulphate (SS) using graft copolymers of methyl methacrylate (St-g-PMMA and Ast-g-PMMA) on starch and acetylated starch. Formulations were evaluated for physical characteristics like hardness, friability, drug release, drug content and weight variations, which fulfilled all the official requirements of tablet dosage form. The release rates from formulated matrix tablets were studied at SGF (pH 1.2) followed by SIF (pH 6.8). Drug release from the graft copolymer based tablets was found to be sustained upto the 14 h with >75% drug release. The in-vitro release study showed that the graft copolymer based matrix formulations (F3 & F4) exhibited highest correlation value (r2) for higuchi kinetic model and Korsmeyer's model with n values between 0.61 and 0.67 proved that release mechanisms were governed by both diffusion and erosion mechanism. There was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters (tmax, Cmax, AUC, Ke, and t1/2) of the graft copolymers matrices and HPMC K100M matrix tablets, indicating their comparable sustained release effect. The potential of graft copolymers to sustain the drug release is well supported by in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies and their adequate physicochemical properties make them promising excipients for controlled drug delivery system.
Epithelial modulation of neonatal and fetal porcine bronchial contractile responses.
Authors: J T Fisher, P R Gray, H W Mitchell, M P Sparrow
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

We tested the hypothesis that bronchial epithelium of newborn and fetal pigs exerts an inhibitory effect on bronchial contractile function. In vitro studies were performed on 13 isolated bronchial segments from seven neonatal pigs (12 h to 4 d old) and on 9 bronchial segments from five late-term pig fetuses (105 d gestation, term = 115 d). This preparation keeps the lumen of the airway physiologically intact and separate from the serosal aspect. Stem bronchi of the right and left lung were mounted horizontally at 6 cm H2O in a chamber containing oxygenated Kreb's solution. One bronchus was intact while the other had the epithelium removed with a cotton-tipped applicator soaked in Kreb's solution. Removal of epithelium was confirmed histologically. The lumen pressure of the mounted bronchi was measured at constant volume after the luminal application of acetylcholine (ACh) or K2SO4 (80 mM/L in place of NaCl), after serosal applications of these two substances at the peak of the luminal response, and after serosal application of ACh alone (newborn only). ACh (1, 10, and 100 microM) in the lumen of intact airways of neonatal pigs caused contractions of 0.1 +/- 0.07 (SEM), 0.4 +/- 0.14, and 0.9 +/- 0.18 cm H2O, respectively; in airways denuded of epithelium, ACh caused contractions of 3.9 +/- 1.1, 15.5 +/- 2.94, and 2.95 +/- 4.97 cm H2O (p < 0.001 versus intact airways). Luminal contractions were 2.9 +/- 2.2%, 2.6 +/- 0.9%, and 2.8 +/- 0.7% of the luminal+serosal values for intact segments, as compared with 65.5 +/- 4.6%, 58.8 +/- 7.7%, and 75.1 +/- 6.2% for denuded segments (p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Functional TNFα gene silencing mediated by polyethyleneimine/TNFα siRNA nanocomplexes in inflamed colon
Authors: Hamed Laroui, Arianne L. Theiss, Yutao Yan, Guillaume Dalmasso, Hang T.T. Nguyen, Shanthi V. Sitaraman, Didier Merlin
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells for adult T-cell leukemia: a nationwide retrospective study
Authors: Masakatsu Hishizawa, Junya Kanda, Atae Utsunomiya, Shuichi Taniguchi, Tetsuya Eto, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Ryuji Tanosaki, Fumio Kawano, Yasushi Miyazaki, Masato Masuda, Koji Nagafuji, Masamichi Hara, Minoko Takanashi, Shunro Kai, Yoshiko Atsuta, Ritsuro Suzuki, Takakazu Kawase, Keitaro Matsuo, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue, Shunichi Kato, Hisashi Sakamaki, Yasuo Morishima, Jun Okamura, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Takashi Uchiyama
Journal: Blood (2010)
Hypercapnia and Ventilatory Periodicity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Indu Ayappa, Kenneth I. Berger, Robert G. Norman, Beno W. Oppenheimer, David M. Rapoport, Roberta M. Goldring
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Prevention of acute hypercapnia during obstructive events in obstructive sleep apnea requires a balance between carbon dioxide (CO2) loading during the event and CO2 unloading in the interevent period. Earlier studies have demonstrated that acute CO2 retention may occur despite high interevent ventilation when the interevent duration is short relative to the duration of the preceding event. The present study examines the relationship between apnea and interapnea durations and relates this assessment of ventilatory periodicity to the degree of chronic hypercapnia in subjects with severe sleep apnea. A total of 18 subjects with sleep apnea (> 40 apnea/hour; chronic awake PaCO2 36–62 mm Hg) and without underlying lung disease underwent polysomnography. For each event, apnea duration, interapnea duration, and apnea/interapnea duration ratio were determined. No relationship was observed between chronic PaCO2 and mean apnea or interapnea duration (p > 0.1). However, PaCO2 was directly related to apnea/interapnea duration ratio (r = 0.48; p < 0.05) such that with increasing chronic hypercapnia the interapnea duration shortens relative to the apnea duration. The present study suggests that control of the interapnea ventilatory duration relative to the duration of the preceding apnea, is an important component of the integrated ventilatory response to CO2 loading during apnea and may contribute toward the development and/or maintenance of chronic hypercapnia in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome.
97 ADIPOSE TISSUE FAILURE SIGNALS THE EVOLUTION OF HEPATIC STEATOSIS TOWARDS NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH) IN THE C57BL/6 HFD-INDUCED OBESITY MOUSE MODEL
Authors: C. Duval, M. Boekschoten, S. Keshtkar, P. de Groot, J. Jansen, S. Kersten, M. M¨ uller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Continuous infusion of monoclonal antibody‐purified factor VIII
Authors: Ralph E. Weinstein, Robert D. Bona, Frederick R. Rickles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Continuous intravenous infusion of wet and dry heat treated factor VIII products has been shown to be an effective, safe, and convenient alternative to pulse‐dose therapy for the treatment of patients with hemophilia. We have used 12‐hr, single‐bottle continuous infusion of a factor VIII product purified from plasma sources by the use of monoclonal antibodies (Monoclate; Rorer Pharmaceutical Company) for the treatment of four bleeding episodes in three patients with severe hemophilia A. Patients required 2.1 U/kg/hr to attain an in vivo factor VIII level of 50 U/dl. Clinical hemostasis was achieved for all treatment episodes and no untoward effects of therapy were noted. Stability of the factor VIII:C levels in the product in vitro was also demonstrated. We conclude from this preliminary data that continuous infusion of factor VIII products purified by monoclonal antibody technology is a safe, effective, and practical approach to the treatment of patients with hemophilia A.
Uvulectomy, Ethnic Mutilation or Prophylactic Surgery?
Authors: Charles A. Apffel
Journal: JAMA (1965)

DURING MANY YEARS of medical practice in northern Morocco, I often met patients who had no uvula. The rim of the soft palate described one single curve uninterrupted by the fleshy pendant of the uvula; no scar was visible. The repetitious nature of such encounters triggered an inquiry, the result of which I submit to the meditation of my colleagues, particularly the otorhinolaryngologists. The absence of uvula was in all cases imputable to surgical removal during childhood, mostly soon after birth. The operation is performed on infants of both sexes; it is carried out either by the caretaker or sexton of the neighborhood mosque, or by a barber (<i>mohallem hayyam</i>). Many barbers in tradition-fast Morocco are still practical surgeons as they were in medieval Europe. The instrumentarium consists of a wooden spatula or a reed fork and a falciform bistoury. The reed is split at one end and the tines
Trust decides against legal action to force girl to receive heart transplant
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A terminally ill 13 year old British girl is to be allowed to die at home after a primary care trust decided not to try to force her to undergo a heart transplantation.

Hannah Jones persuaded Herefordshire Primary Care Trust that she was competent to make her own decisions about medical treatment and was making an informed choice not to have the operation that could have prolonged her life.

Hannah, of Marden, near Hereford, was given a diagnosis of leukaemia at age 4 years. Cardiomyopathy was diagnosed while she was undergoing chemotherapy for the disease. Last year …
Early Diagnosis of Perinatal HIV Infection by Detection of Viral-Specific IgA Antibodies
Authors: Thomas C. Quinn, Richard L. Kline, Neal Halsey, Nancy Hutton, Andrea Ruff, Arlene Butz, Reginald Boulos, John F. Modlin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To evaluate the clinical utility of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-IgA serological assay for diagnosis of perinatally acquired HIV infection. <h3>Design.</h3> —Coded serum samples prospectively collected from children born to HIV-infected mothers and uninfected mothers were analyzed by HIV-IgA immunoblot. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A university hospital in Baltimore, Md, and an outpatient clinic in Portau-Prince, Haiti. <h3>Population.</h3> —Five hundred thirty-nine serum samples were obtained sequentially from 278 children born to HIV-infected women (116 from The Johns Hopkins Hospital and 62 from Port-au-Prince) and from 42 control children born to HIV-seronegative children in Port-au-Prince. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Results from the HIV-lgA serological assays were compared with the known infection status of the child at 15 months of age as determined by the standard IgG Western blot and the clinical classification of the Centers for Disease Control. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated at different ages and collectively for children 3 months of age or older. <h3>Results.</h3> —The HIV-lgA assay was positive in one of six specimens from HIV-infected children under 1 month of age, six of nine specimens from infected children at 3 months of age, and 160 of 161 specimens from 47 HIV-infected children 6 months of age or older. Of 334 specimens from 243 uninfected children, 333 were negative by the HIV-lgA assay. The overall sensitivity and the specificity of the IgA assay for children older than 3 months of age were 97.6% and 99.7%, and the positive and negative predictive values were 99.4% and 98.7%, respectively. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Although the HIV-lgA assay had a low sensitivity within the first months of life, the high sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of this assay demonstrate its utility for the diagnosis of perinatally acquired HIV infection after the third month of age. Early diagnosis with this relatively simple and inexpensive serological assay should aid in the implementation of antiviral therapy and provide useful information for the care of children born to HIV-infected mothers in both developing and developed countries. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:3439-3442)
Laryngectomee Speech and Rehabilitation
Authors: Hubert L. Gerstman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Effective communication consists of considerably more than the production of speech sounds. The patient's emotional status, motivational environment, preoperative attitude, reaction to surgery, and recovery globally affect his ability to convey his ideas and feelings. Dr. Gardner brings 30 years of clinical activity to bear on the problem of the laryngectomee in discussing the phases of rehabilitation necessary to recovery. This global approach enables the reader to consider such issues as "lay versus professional speech teachers," timing for the introduction of choices of techniques, selection of the proper laryngectomized person to give guidance, and spouse-to-spouse visits to assist in dissipating anxiety. The rehabilitation plan from presurgical involvement through to the function of organizations and agencies helps the reader to comprehend and appreciate even the more technical detail associated with discussions of sound production and speech intelligibility. Dr. Gardner demonstrates extraordinary clinical skill by integrating evaluation procedures with ongoing rehabilitation activities.
The brain targeting mechanism of Angiopep-conjugated poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) nanoparticles
Authors: Hongliang Xin, Xianyi Sha, Xinyi Jiang, Liangcen Chen, Kitki Law, Jijin Gu, Yanzuo Chen, Xiao Wang, Xiaoling Fang
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
The First Hip-Joint Amputation in America.
Authors: Cheves Bevill
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Winfield, Ark., Dec. 18, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, December 5, page 1379, in his address on "The Progress of American Medicine," etc., Dr. W. W. Grant of Denver, speaking of great surgical operations of the past, gives the late Dr. V. Matt the credit of the first "hip-joint amputation" in America, in 1824. This is not correct, as we find, on pages 4 and 5 of Dr. P. S. Townsend's preface to volume III of Velpeau's Operative Surgery, 1847, that he gives Dr. Walter Brasher of Bardstown, Ky., the credit of the first hip-joint amputation, which was performed in August, 1806. In 1891, this question was discussed by Dr. Will F. Arnold of the U. S. N. and myself, and our communications were published in the<i>Medical Record</i>. In one number of that journal I had a copy of Dr. Brasher's letter to Dr. Townsend published. Dr.
A New Technique for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer using an External Grasping Forceps
Authors: H. Imaeda, Y. Iwao, H. Ogata, H. Ichikawa, M. Mori, N. Hosoe, T. Masaoka, M. Nakashita, H. Suzuki, N. Inoue, K. Aiura, H. Nagata, K. Kumai, T. Hibi
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC) has improved the success rate of en-bloc resection. We report here on a new technique using an external grasping forceps.A total of 25 patients with suitable EGCs over 10 mm in diameter located in the gastric body were enrolled. After submucosal injection followed by circumcision of the lesion with a needle-knife, an external grasping forceps was introduced with the help of a second grasping forceps and anchored at the distal margin of the lesion. With gentle oral traction applied with this forceps, the lesion was dissected endoscopically in retroversion from the aboral side.The mean lesion size was 15.0 mm (range 10 - 25 mm). Using the technique described, all lesions could be resected en bloc with free margins. The mean procedure time was 45 min (range 30 - 80 minutes). No significant bleeding requiring blood transfusion or perforation occurred.This technical modification may simplify and shorten the gastric ESD procedure, except for lesions in distal locations, without compromising the efficacy.
Antibiotics as Food Preservatives
Authors: Reese H. Vaughn
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In 1943, Tarr and associates 1 began to explore the use of various antibiotics for the preservation of fish. They found two tetracyclines, chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline, especially effective. In 1945, Curran and Evans 2 reported that penicillin had a sporicidal effect on a number of bacteria, including Bacillus stearothermophilus, one of the causes of flat-sour spoilage in canned vegetables. Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration 3 approved the use of chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline on eviscerated poultry. Canadian authorities 4 sanctioned the use of these antibiotics on both poultry and fish. Since these decisions, many firms have been considering commercial application for antibiotics in the handling and distribution of their products.  Antibiotics as Acceptable Food Preservatives  Antibiotics are not yet universally accepted as preservatives. An acceptable food preservative should not create a hazard to public health or conceal inferiority in a product. It should significantly increase retention of quality
Effect of Exposure to Calcium Entry Blockers on Doxorubicin Accumulation and Cytotoxicity in Multidrug-Resistant Cells
Authors: N. A. Bruno, D. L. Slate
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Effect of Exposure to Calcium Entry Blockers on Doxorubicin Accumulation and Cytotoxicity in Multidrug-Resistant Cells Get access Nicholas A. Bruno, Nicholas A. Bruno Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, Syntex ResearchPalo Alto. CA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Doris L. Slate Doris L. Slate * Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, Syntex ResearchPalo Alto. CA. *Correspondence to : Doris L.Slate, Ph.D., Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, Syntex Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 5, 7 March 1990, Pages 419–424, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.5.419 Published: 07 March 1990 Article history Received: 28 September 1989 Revision received: 08 December 1989 Accepted: 19 December 1989 Published: 07 March 1990