tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Violence and mortality in West Darfur, Sudan (2003–04): epidemiological evidence from four surveys
Authors: Evelyn Depoortere, Francesco Checchi, France Broillet, Sibylle Gerstl, Andrea Minetti, Olivia Gayraud, Virginie Briet, Jennifer Pahl, Isabelle Defourny, Mercedes Tatay, Vincent Brown
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
Left Ventricular Function and Hypertrophy in Cardiomyopathy with Depressed Ejection Fraction
Authors: BOLLING J. FEILD, WILLIAM A. BAXLEY, RICHARD O. RUSSELL, WILLIAM P. HOOD, JOHN H. HOLT, JOHN T. DOWLING, CHARLES E. RACKLEY
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Left ventricular (LV) function and hypertrophy, assessed during cardiac catheterization by quantitative biplane angiocardiography, were related to postcatheterization course in 36 patients found to have cardiomyopathy with depressed ejection fraction (EF). EF ranged from 0.09 to 0.41, LV mass (M) from 99 to 317 g/m 2 , LV end-diastolic volume (V) from 104 to 347 ml/m 2 , and ratio of M/V from 0.66 to 1.63. In this study, EF was used as an index of LV function; M/V ratio was considered to represent a relative degree of LV hypertrophy. Postcatheterization survival rates (PCSR) for all patients at 12, 24, and 36 months were 68.8 ± 7.8%, 49.9 ± 9.2%, and 32.8 ± 10.2%. The 36-month PCSR was significantly higher for patients (N = 15) with EF ≥ 0.20 (75.1 ± 14.5%) than for those (N = 21) with EF &lt; 0.20 (0%) ( P &lt; 0.01). The 36-month PCSR was also significantly higher for patients (N = 19) with M/V ratio ≥ 0.90 (53.6 ± 14.8%) than for those (N = 17) with M/V ratio &lt; 0.90 (12.4 ± 10.4%) ( P &lt; 0.05). M/V ratio appeared to influence survival at least in part independently of EF. For patients with EF ≥0.20 M/V ratio ≥ 0.90 was associated with a higher 36-month PCSR (100%) than was M/V ratio &lt; 0.90 (25.0 ± 6.5%). Likewise, for patients with EF &lt; 0.20, M/V ratio ≥ 0.90 was associated with a higher 24-month PCSR (65.1 ± 16.8%) than was M/V ratio &lt; 0.90 (6.8 ± 9.1%); but at 36 months, PCSR was &lt; 10% for both subgroups. Patients (N = 16) with mitral regurgitation (MR) &gt; 0.70 liters/min/m 2 had a mean value for V (212.9 ± 74.1 ml/m 2 ) significantly larger than for those (N = 20) without MR or with MR &lt; 0.70 liters/min/m 2 (168.8 ± 40.7 ml/m 2 ) ( P = 0.0278). Although this suggests that dilatation of the mitral valve annulus contributed to the development of the regurgitation, the large overlap in V values implies that additional mechanisms played a role. This study describes quantitatively a spectrum of hemodynamic abnormalities in patients who had cardiomyopathy with depressed EF, and demonstrates that the present series of patients had a high postcatheterization mortality rate. Both EF and M/V ratio were of prognostic value and thus appear to be useful indices for classifying such patients.
Male gender, diabetes, COPD, anemia, and creatinine clearance &amp;lt; 30 mL/min predicted hospitalization after heart failure diagnosis
Authors: Bertram Pitt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club20 April 2010Male gender, diabetes, COPD, anemia, and creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min predicted hospitalization after heart failure diagnosisBertram Pitt, MDBertram Pitt, MDUniversity of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (B.P.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-02002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationDunlay SM, Redfield MM, Weston SA, et al. Hospitalizations after heart failure diagnosis. A community perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1695-702. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19850209Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Cardiology: Reference1 Pitt B, Zannad F, Gheorghiade M, et al. Transatlantic similarities and differences in major natural history endpoints of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: a propensity-matched study of the EPHESUS trial. Int J Cardiol. 2009 Apr 14 (Epub ahead of print). [PMID: 19371959] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (B.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 April 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoReview: Remote patient monitoring of patients with heart failure reduces mortality and heart failure admissions Bertram Pitt Metrics Cited byWhat physicians reason about during admission case reviewScreening for Elderly Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department Requiring Specialized Geriatric CareAssociation between vitamin D deficiency and long hospital stay in geriatric acute care unit: results from a pilot cohort study 20 April 2010Volume 152, Issue 8Page: JC4-2KeywordsAnemiaCreatinineDiabetes mellitusHeart failureHospitalizationsMultivariate analysisMyocardial infarctionObesityPeripheral vascular diseaseSexual identity ePublished: 20 April 2010 Issue Published: 20 April 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Confederate States Medical and Surgical Journal
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

During the period of the Civil War, a vast amount of medical and surgical data accumulated in the northern states, but relatively little has come down to us about medicine in the Confederate states. Thanks to the New York Academy of Medicine, we now have available the reprinting of an extremely rare journal,<i>Confederate States Medical and Surgical Journal</i>. This had a relatively short life during the tragic terminal part of the Civil War. The first volume comprised 12 monthly issues starting with January 1864. Volume 2 began bravely in 1865, with good prospects and considerable self-congratulation for having done so well in the preceding year. But after two issues, the journal permanently suspended publication. Thus, only 14 issues were published altogether. These—the entire run—are reproduced in facsimile with a splendid introduction by William D. Sharpe, MD. The reprint permits us to look into a vanished era and see not
Kinetics of Fluorescence Expression in Nonhuman Primates Transplanted with GFP Retrovirus-Modified CD34 Cells
Authors: Peter Kurre, Julia Morris, Robert G. Andrews, Donald B. Kohn, Hans-Peter Kiem
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Downregulation and loss of proviral expression have been demonstrated to occur in a variety of in vitro studies and in mouse models. Here we evaluated the kinetics of proviral expression after transplantation in a competitive repopulating model in the baboon. Transgene persistence and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were analyzed in four animals by semiquantitative PCR and flow cytometry for up to 80 weeks (range 17–80). All animals were transplanted with cells transduced with EGFP or EYFP reporters driven by Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) or a modified promoter/enhancer, (MND) respectively. Simultaneous dual-color analysis of fluorescence levels in granulocyte and lymphocyte subsets following hematopoietic reconstitution demonstrated progressive loss of fluorescence intensity occurring predominantly early after transplant in cells transduced with both retrovirus backbones and at serial time points. In addition, we carried out PCR analysis of DNA extracted from sorted EGFP−/EYFP− cells and confirmed the presence of cells genetically marked by either vector in this population, indicating the persistence of cells that have downregulated or lost retroviral gene expression. In comparison to mouse studies, however, we did not detect substantial differences between MND and MoMuLV backbones.
Molecular Mechanisms of Ligand Interaction with the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor
Authors: Stuart C. Sealfon, Harel Weinstein, Robert P. Millar
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1997)

I. Introduction II. Amino Acid Sequences of GnRH Receptors A. GnRH receptor cDNAs B. General structural features C. Covalent modifications D. Gene structure III. Structure-Activity Relations of GnRH Peptides A. Overview B. Comparative structures and activities of vertebrate GnRHs C. Roles of individual amino acids in GnRH activity at the mammalian receptor D. Conclusions from peptide structure-activity data IV. Structure and Conformation of GnRH and Its Analogs A. Early studies of GnRH conformation B. Integrated computational and experimental studies C. Exploration of the entire conformation space of GnRH analogs V. Functional Structure of the Receptor and Ligand-Receptor Complex A. Extracellular domains B. Helix domains C. Intracellular loop domains D. Computational modeling of three-dimensional receptor structure VI. Conclusions
Small Cell Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: Martin H. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

CONSIDERABLE progress has been made in the treatment of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Using chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, objective tumor regression is noted in 40% to 90% of treated patients. 1,2 Despite these high response rates, the median survival time of affected persons is still measured in months 1 ; prolonged, diseasefree survival following chemotherapy has not been observed. This report is of interest, therefore, since it concerns a patient with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma who was treated only with chemotherapy and who is now free of clinical evidence of tumor more than 24 months after treatment was discontinued.  Report of a Case  A 65-year-old man had dyspnea and a 10% weight loss. Chest x-ray film showed atelectasis of the left lung. Bronchoscopy disclosed left vocal cord paralysis and a mass that obstructed the left mainstem bronchus. Biopsy specimen of this mass, bronchial washings, and results of sputum cytologic
The Standard of Sanity
Authors: W. R. Huggard
Journal: BMJ (1885)

Nov.,. 2 $S3 stops, Not v(ly the amou,nt,sf e* on, bQt its xiichapss in enzymes] ;also varies greatly with thc ti fteP94,}, for examnple, there is less emulsifying enzyme a4out six hqurs aer :a, rich meal, than at any period.From the minimum it gradually increases up to forty hours.These are the figures, at least, which physiologists have arrived at by experimenting on animals.It also appears that, while the gland is active, the inner zone of the pancreatic cells diminislies, but the outer zone increases, as if the former was drawn upon for the secretion, and the latter recouped the cell from the materials supplied by the blood.The granules of the inner zone, formed out of the protoplasm of the cell, are deposited round the lumen of the alveolus, and, when the gland is active, pass into the secretion.Thus the inner zone de- creases duringf activity, but as secretion diminishes it supplies itself again from its fellow, and that from the blood.The reason for dwelling on the variable rate of secretion is that it is apt to be forgotten when we attempt to influence it, or to supply its place ; and yet success in such an attempt must be largely in- fluenced by, bearing the facts in mind.That we may stimulate the pancreas by ether, was showrn by Claude Bernard, anid the fact was
[179] LONG TERM FOLLOW UP OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE MONOTHERAPY IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: TACROLIMUS AND MICROEMULSIFIED CYCLOSPORIN
Authors: V. Shusang, M. Raimondo, L. Marelli, E. Cholongitas, M. Senzolo, B.R. Davidson, D. Patch, K. Rolles, A.K. Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Autocytotoxic T-cell clones in lichen planus
Authors: P.B. Sugerman, K. Satterwhite, M. Bigby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Abstract We examined the in vitro cytotoxic activity of cutaneous T-cell lines and clones from lichen planus (LP) patients against autologous epidermal keratinocytes. T cells were cultured from LP lesions and adjacent clinically normal skin and cloned by limiting dilution. Keratinocytes were cultured from LP lesions and adjacent clinically normal skin and immortalized by transfection with the E6 and E7 genes from human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16). The lesional T-cell line from one LP patient contained 27% γδ+ T cells and was significantly more cytotoxic against autologous lesional keratinocytes than the T-cell line from clinically normal skin. Clones isolated from the lesional T-cell line were significantly more cytotoxic against autologous lesional keratinocytes than clones isolated from the non-lesional T-cell line. Most cytotoxic clones from LP lesions were CD8+ and most non-cytotoxic clones from LP lesions were CD4+. One cytotoxic clone was CD4– and CD8– and expressed the γδ T-cell receptor. Two CD8+ LP lesional T-cell clones showed dose-dependent killing of HPV16 E6/E7-immortalized autologous lesional and normal keratinocytes, but no cytotoxic activity against Epstein–Barr virus-transformed autologous B-cell blasts. The cytotoxic activity of CD8+ lesional T-cell clones against autologous lesional keratinocytes was partially blocked with anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I monoclonal antibodies. These data support the hypothesis that CD8+ lesional T cells recognize an antigen associated with MHC class I on lesional keratinocytes and that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells lyse keratinocytes in LP lesions.
Raw Diet in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: DAVID L. HORWITZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and CorrectionsJune 1, 1975Raw Diet in Diabetes MellitusDAVID L. HORWITZ, M.D., PH.D., LINDA SLOWIE, R.D., M.S.DAVID L. HORWITZ, M.D., PH.D., LINDA SLOWIE, R.D., M.S.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-6-853_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his recent letter (Ann Intern Med82:61-62, 1975), Douglass describes a decreased insulin requirement in diabetic patients placed on a diet containing an increased percentage of raw food. Although this observation is of interest, we believe the mechanism for this may be much more direct than his suggestions of non-inactivated enzymes in raw food or a more rapid transit time. It is well known that most plant foods consist of cells surrounded by a cellulose wall that is only slightly disrupted by chewing and through which digestive enzymes do not pass. The calories in these cells...Reference1. DAVIDSONPASSMORE SR: Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 3rd ed. Baltimore, The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1966, p. 321 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHigh-Fiber Diets in the Treatment of Diabetes MellitusPERLA M. MIRANDA, R.D., M.S., DAVID L. HORWITZ, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P.Unabsorbable Carbohydrates and Insulin NeedANTHONY R. LEEDS, M.D., DAVID J. A. JENKINS, M.D., MIGUEL A. GASSULL, M.D., BERNARD COCHET, M.D., LAWRENCE M. BLENDIS, M.D. June 1, 1975Volume 82, Issue 6Page: 853-854KeywordsDiabetes mellitusDiet Issue Published: June 1, 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Importance of sodium intake and mineralocorticoid hormone in the impaired water excretion in adrenal insufficiency
Authors: R. C. Ufferman, R. W. Schrier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The response of trained, conscious dogs to an acute water load was studied before adrenalectomy and under five conditions of hormonal replacement and sodium intake after adrenalectomy. Before adrenalectomy, with the dogs drinking isotonic saline, the minimal urinary osmolality (Uosm) was 47±7 (SEM) mOsm and free-water clearance (CH2O) was 8.6±1 ml/min. These values were not different after adrenalectomy with or without deoxycorticosterone (DOCA) if the animals continued to drink saline and receive dexamethasone. Moreover, after adrenalectomy in the presence of saline drinking both dexamethasone and DOCA could be withdrawn for up to 4 days without impairment of diluting ability (Uosm, 54±7 mOsm and CH2O, 7.3±1 ml/min). In contrast, when the dogs drank tap water (Na intake 30 mEq/day), water loading in the absence of dexamethasone and DOCA was associated with a significantly higher Uosm (127±28 mOsm) and lower CH2O (2.7±0.3 ml/min). Replacing DOCA alone in the presence of this limited Na intake returned diluting ability to normal (Uosm 31±7 mOsm, CH2O 7.7±0.5 ml/min). Glomerular filtration rate for each animal was the same under each condition except for a significant diminution which occurred when dexamethasone and DOCA were withdrawn while the animals were on a 30 mEq sodium intake. In contrast to previous conclusions, the present results indicate that in the absence of adrenal hormones normal renal diluting ability may occur, indicating both maximal suppression of vasopressin release and maximal distal tubular impermeability to water. In the present study the diluting defect observed after adrenalectomy related to negative sodium balance and could be overcome by either replacement with DOCA or a high intake of sodium alone.
Gastrointestinal urease in man. I. Activity of mucosal urease.
Authors: T Aoyagi, G W Engstrom, W B Evans, W H Summerskill
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS Mucosal estimations of urease show that it is highest in the gastric mucosa and lowest in the large intestine.It seems that bacterial urease activity may be limited to the colon.
A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model Reveals Humanlike Regulation of an 8-kbp Human <i>TERT</i> Gene Promoter Fragment in Normal and Tumor Tissues
Authors: Julia M. Ritz, Olaf Kühle, Sabine Riethdorf, Bence Sipos, Wolfgang Deppert, Christoph Englert, Cagatay Günes
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Telomerase activity is repressed in most human somatic tissues during differentiation processes but strongly up-regulated in most human tumors. Regulation of human telomerase activity primarily occurs at the level of transcriptional initiation of the TERT gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase. We have generated a novel transgenic mouse model to study the regulation of the human TERT gene promoter in an in vivo system. For this purpose, we have cloned an 8.0-kbp human TERT promoter fragment in front of the bacterial lacZ reporter gene (hTERTp-lacZ), which encodes the β-galactosidase enzyme. Expression of the reporter gene was monitored by reverse transcription–PCR analysis, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-d-galactopyranoside staining of whole mount preparations, and histologic sections. We find that the activity of the human TERT promoter in most normal mouse tissues recapitulates the expression of the hTERT gene in normal human tissues and is under tighter control when compared with the endogenous mouse TERT gene expression. In testis, where highest lacZ expression was observed, the expression of the reporter gene was restricted to the spermatogonial stem cells and the spermatocytes. Intriguingly, we find increased levels of lacZ expression in mammary tumors of hTERTp-lacZ × p53+/− bitransgenic mouse mammary tumor model. Thus, this transgenic mouse model provides a suitable in vivo system to analyze the expression of the human TERT gene under physiologic conditions and during tumorigenesis.
An Abnormal Audiogram
Authors: Benjamin C. Paul, J. Thomas Roland
Journal: JAMA (2015)

A 35-year-old woman presented for evaluation of slowly progressive right-sided hearing loss. For the past 6 months, she noted when lying on her left side an inability to hear the television or her baby crying. She also noted right-sided aural fullness and occasional right-sided headache. She had no facial weakness, tinnitus, vertigo, otorrhea, or otalgia; and no history of prior ear surgery, ear infections, noise exposure, or ear or head trauma. She currently takes no medications. Otoscopic examination results were normal. A 512-Hz tuning fork examination showed a left-sided lateralization when the vibrating tuning fork was placed on the center of her forehead (Weber test) and bilateral air greater than bone conduction with the vibrating tuning fork placed in front of her ear canal vs her mastoid tip (Rinne test). Facial motor and sensory function were intact and symmetric. The rest of the head and neck examination was unremarkable. An audiogram was ordered (Figure).
The Physician and the Nurse
Authors: E. D. PELLEGRINO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Editorials1 May 1966The Physician and the NurseE. D. PELLEGRINO, M.D.E. D. PELLEGRINO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1140 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn estrangement one seeks pretexts.Proverbs 18:1At this time when more people than ever before are involved in providing medical care, patients are becoming more and more dissatisfied with the personal services they receive. Clearly we are not properly using the various skills of a growing number of health professions for the benefit of patients.Problems in medical care are due in part to a remarkable divergence of professional goals and educational objectives among the groups of individuals who are all earnestly devoted to a common purpose—the care of the ill person. Further obstacles are a striking lack of...References1. NIGHTINGALE F: Notes on nursing. Copyright—University of Pennsylvania Printing Office, Philadelphia, 1965. Google Scholar2. PELLEGRINO ED: Ethical considerations in the practice of medicine and nursing, in Proceedings of the First National Conference for Professional Nurses and Physicians, Williamsburg, Va. Feb. 13-15, 1964, p. 39. Google Scholar3. PELLEGRINO ED: The communication crisis in nursing and medical education. Nurs. Forum 5: 45, 1966. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BATES B: Nurse, physician team work. I. Critical requirements in physician behavior as perceived by nurses. Med. Care. In press. Google Scholar5. BATES B: Nurse, physician team work. II. Critical requirements in nurses' behavior as perceived by physicians. Ibid., in press. Google Scholar6. PELLEGRINO ED: Nursing and medicine: ethical implications in changing practice. Amer. J. Nurs. 64: 110, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine College of Medicine University of Kentucky Medical Center Lexington, Ky. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1140-1145KeywordsMedical educationNursesPatients Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...