tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute hepatitis E acquired in the United States
Authors: P KWO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Dengue virus possesses a protease complex made up of the non-structural proteins NS2B and NS3. This protease complex catalyzes autocleavage (cis) at the junction between NS2A and NS2B as well as between NS2B and NS3. It also catalyzes trans cleavage at the junctions between NS3 and NS4A as well as NS4B and NS5. The cis cleavage at the NS2B–NS3 junction has been demonstrated in Escherichia coli by linking a 40-residue hydrophilic segment of NS2B to a NS3 N-terminal protease domain carrying the NS2B–NS3 cleavage site. To explore whether the hydrophilic segment could be further shortened, residues from both N- and C-termini of the NS2B hydrophilic segment were deleted. The results indicate that the four C-terminal’s consecutive Glu residues could be deleted, each one leading to a further loss of activity, whereas the N-terminal boundary needed to be absolutely preserved. To examine whether an NS2B peptide could be expressed independently and added to activate the NS3 protease domain, the hydrophilic region of NS2B was fused to the C-terminus of glutathione-S-transferase (GST). This recombinant protein was soluble in bacteria and easily purified by affinity chromatography. Without removing the GST, the fusion protein activated the NS3 protease domain allowing it to function at the adjacent NS2B–NS3 junction. Thus, the findings reported below have produced a feasible alternative for the assay of dengue viral protease and this should facilitate the development of a screening method for inhibitors of dengue protease.
A comparison of rofleponide palmitate nasal spray (RPNS) with placebo and mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) in adolescent and adult patients with seasonal (mountain cedar) allergic rhinitis (AR)*1
Authors: D.A. Atkinson, T. Uryniak, B. Simpson, L. O'Dowd
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Antibiotics Under the Drug Spotlight
Authors: GEORGE N. AAGAARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Editorial Notes1 October 1973Antibiotics Under the Drug SpotlightGEORGE N. AAGAARD, M.D.GEORGE N. AAGAARD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-4-600 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe drug spotlight turns on antibiotics during the year's current quarter. The paper by Dr. Calvin M. Kunin in this issue, "Use of Antibiotics—A Brief Exposition of the Problem and Some Tentative Solutions," (pp. 555-560) was written by him for the Drug Spotlight program. Clearly, the inappropriate use of antibiotics presents a large and multifaceted problem to physicians and their patients:1. Adverse effects of antibiotics are frequent and may be serious. Superinfections during antibiotic therapy are of particular concern because they are one of the most important causes of fatal adverse drug reactions. Lack of control of infection may... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GEORGE N. AAGAARD, M.D.Affiliations: Subcommittee on Hospital-Based Education in Therapeutics the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Seattle, Washington PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1973Volume 79, Issue 4Page: 600-601KeywordsAdverse reactionsAntibioticsDrugsSuperinfections ePublished: 13 March 2020 Issue Published: 1 October 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising in a seborrhoeic keratosis
Authors: C. Miracco, G. Angeloni, F. Miracco, L. Pirtoli
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sir, Rare malignancies have been reported in association with seborrhoeic keratosis (SK). Most of them were basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs) and in situ squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).1–3 Infiltrating SCCs, and two cases of eccrine poroma with areas of malignant changes, have also been described.4–7 To our knowledge, an overtly malignant carcinoma showing sweat gland differentiation has not yet been described in association with SK. We report an invasive carcinoma (IC) that showed eccrine differentiation and metastasized to regional lymph nodes, on a background of an SK. A 89‐year‐old woman presented with a 2·5‐cm ulcerated plaque on her left axilla, that had been present for 20 years, and rapidly grew over several months. Left axillary lymph nodes were enlarged. The skin lesion and axillary lymph nodes were removed. One year later the patient was well without evidence of recurrences or metastases. Histological examination documented an IC lying under an SK (Figs 1, 2). The IC consisted of anastomosing islands and irregular cords of atypical oval‐to‐spindle cells, showing eosinophilic cytoplasm; foci of eccrine duct (ED) formation were recognizable, suggesting a sweat gland differentiation. The IC was in direct continuity with the SK, and transitional zones (TZs) sharing features of both lesions were evident in between. There was no evidence of actinic damage. Search for human papillomavirus (HPV) by HPV screening in situ hybridization with biotin‐labelled HPV cocktail probes8 was negative.
Basic Data in Ambulatory Care
Authors: C. B. JACKSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorial Notes1 May 1975Basic Data in Ambulatory CareC. B. JACKSON JR., M.D.C. B. JACKSON JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-5-715 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSome of us remember the kindly and compassionate master-clinician who, in an almost apologetic voice, imparted unrecorded observations from his practice with the comment that "you won't find this in the text." A few more of us are occasionally annoyed by our associate's incomplete record when his patient is present and he is absent. Most of us are aware that from time to time our own records are insufficient for our own needs. All of us are concerned about the uncertainties of future requirements for data in patient care and program reporting. In response to these concerns, and to improve...References1. : Ambulatory medical care records: uniform minimum basic data set. Vital Health Stat, series 4, no. 16. DHEW Publication no. (HRA) 75-1453, 1974, 16 pp. On sale at 60 cents from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar2. : Current estimates from the Health Interview Survey: United States, 1972. Vital Health Stat, series 10, no. 85. DHEW Publication no. (HRA) 74-1512 Health Resources Administration. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 1973 Google Scholar3. : Federal Statistics, vol. 1. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 1620 Nix Professional Building, San Antonio, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1975Volume 82, Issue 5Page: 715-716KeywordsForecastingPatients Issue Published: 1 May 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Delayed Benefit of Mammography Screening in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Ismail Jatoi, Peter W. Soballe, William F. Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Demicheli et al point out that in the mammography screening trials, an early excess in breast cancer mortality is seen among premenopausal women who undergo screening. 1Yet a reduction in breast cancer mortality in the screened group is evident much later (after approximately 12 years). 2 The authors suggest that surgery may perturb the natural history of breast cancer (perhaps by releasing cytokines that could bestow autonomy on micrometastases), and that the early excess in mortality among premenopausal women who undergo mammography screening might be attributed to surgery (early detection of breast cancer results in early surgery, and this in turn produces an early excess in mortality).However, the authors fail to provide an explanation for the apparent long-term benefit of mammography screening in premenopausal women.We suggest that surgical perturbation of the natural history of breast cancer might explain this observation.At the conclusion of the mammography screening trials, women in the control (unscreened) groups were often invited to undergo screening. 3 As a result, an excess of cancers were diagnosed and treated surgically in the control groups following completion of the screening trials.If surgery does indeed perturb the natural history of breast cancer, then inviting the controls to undergo delayed screening may have resulted in a delayed increase in breast cancer mortality in those women.Thus long-term comparisons of breast cancer mortality trends between control and study groups may give the false impression that screening has a delayed benefit in the study groups, when, in fact, the better long-term outcome of women in the study groups might actually be due to a delayed one-time increase in breast cancer mortality in the controls.Demicheli et al suggest that the potential effects of surgery might differ between pre-and postmenopausal women.If so, then the hormonal milieu at the time of surgery may influence early breast cancer mortality.Several retrospective studies have suggested that this is indeed the case, and that the timing of surgery in relation to the menstrual cycle may have an impact. 4 Clearly, randomized prospective trials are needed to resolve these issues.Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy may ultimately prove effective in modulating these effects.
Multiple specificities in the repertoire of a melanoma patient's cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against tumor antigen MAGE-1.A1.
Authors: P Romero, C Pannetier, J Herman, C V Jongeneel, J C Cerottini, P G Coulie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Peptide MAGE-1.A1 is a nonamer derived from protein MAGE-1 that can associate with the HLA-A1 molecule. It was shown previously to be recognized by an antitumor cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone derived from the blood of melanoma patient MZ2. We derived two other anti-MAGE-1.A1 CTL clones from different blood samples of the same patient and compared the fine specificity of recognition of the three CTL by testing them on variant MAGE-1.A1 peptides incorporating different amino acid substitutions. The epitopes recognized by the CTL proved to be different. While modifications of residues at positions 5, 6, or 7 in the antigenic peptide affected recognition by the three CTL, each of the modifications of residues at positions 1, 4, or 8 affected recognition by one CTL only. The sequences of both the alpha and beta chains of the T cell antigen receptor of the three CTL were completely different. The results indicate a long-lasting diversity in terms of fine specificity and of T cell antigen receptor structure in the repertoire of antitumor CTL derived from the blood of a melanoma patient and directed against a defined tumor antigen.
Survival trends among 1,325 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia seen over the past 40 years in Israel
Authors: Lev Shvidel, Andrei Braester, Osnat Bairey, Naomi Rahimi‐Levene, Abraham Klepfish, Yair Herishanu, Mordechai Shtalrid, Aaron Polliack, Alain Berrebi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract In the light of recent data showing survival improvement of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we investigated clinical characteristics and survival patterns of patients with CLL over the last 40 years in Israel. Demographic and clinical data collected in the database of the Israeli CLL Study Group were analyzed. Of the 1,325 patients, 221 were diagnosed during the time period 1968–1989, 456 during 1990–1999, and 639 during 2000–2010. There was shift toward older age (median, 71 vs. 68 vs. 66 years) and a higher proportion of patients at Binet stage A at diagnosis (77.6% vs. 66.7% vs. 60.3%) in the more recent time periods. Median survival for the entire cohort was 10.9 years; 12.2 years for patients diagnosed at Binet stage A, 8.5 years for stage B, and 6.4 years for stage C patients. Older age, high‐beta 2‐microglobulin level, and expression of ZAP‐70 predicted shorter survival. There were no apparent changes over time regarding gender, age or different clinical stages. Young patients with Binet stage A had lower life expectancy than the general population; but, in older ages, the survival rates were comparable. There were increased proportions of CLL patients diagnosed in early stages, and, at older age, during the last decades, however, survival rates according to sex, age, or stage remained stable. CLL continues to be an incurable disease affecting survival even in patients diagnosed at early stages. Survival benefit shown in recent trials using chemoimmunotherapy has still to be proven in wider general practice. Am. J. Hematol. 86:985–992, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surgical Treatment of Orthopaedic Trauma
Authors: Kenneth A. Egol
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bad medicine: melanoma
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Sunlight is relaxing. Our body rewards us for being in the sun, and evolution dictates that everything happens for a reason. Pale skin was positively selected for as our ancestors ventured north, like economic migrants of 100 000 years ago, to aid synthesis of vitamin D in a temperate climate. It is no mere chance that the Celts who live in the perpetual rain of the west of the United Kingdom are porcelain pale. Sunlight is fundamental to human survival. Today, however, pressure groups call for a so called enforceable sun protection policy for children, involving sunscreen, …
Competing GMC interests
Authors: R. Kapur, L. Miller
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Competing GMC interests Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Sustained remission after corticosteroid therapy for type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Albert J. Czaja, Narayanan K. V. Menon, Herschel A. Carpenter
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Autoimmune hepatitis commonly relapses after corticosteroid therapy, and long-term management strategies have been proposed based on the premise that repeated relapses after drug withdrawal are inevitable. Our goal was to determine the frequency that remission can be sustained after its induction and termination of therapy. A total of 107 patients who had entered remission on conventional regimens were assessed for sustained remission after initial treatment and after relapse and re-treatment. Re-treatment strategies included conventional regimens and long-term maintenance schedules. Twenty-two patients (21%) achieved a sustained remission after initial treatment, and 24 of 85 patients who relapsed and were re-treated (28%) had a similar outcome. The probability of a sustained remission was 47% after 10 years of follow-up. Patients who sustained remission after initial therapy were distinguished only by a lower serum gamma-globulin level at entry. Conventional re-treatment schedules after relapse were able to induce a sustained remission more commonly then long-term maintenance schedules (59% vs. 12%, P =.00002). In conclusion, patients who respond to initial corticosteroid therapy can achieve a sustained remission after treatment withdrawal or after relapse and re-treatment. All patients are candidates for this outcome, and withdrawal of medication, even during maintenance schedules, is necessary to assess its likelihood.
Phosphatidic acid as a second messenger in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Effects on activation of NADPH oxidase.
Authors: D E Agwu, L C McPhail, S Sozzani, D A Bass, C E McCall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Receptor-mediated agonists, such as FMLP, induce an early, phospholipase D (PLD)-mediated accumulation of phosphatidic acid (PA) which may play a role in the activation of NADPH oxidase in human PMN. We have determined the effect of changes in PA production on O2 consumption in intact PMN and the level of NADPH oxidase activity measured in a cell-free assay. Pretreatment of cells with various concentrations of propranolol enhanced (less than or equal to 200 microM) or inhibited (greater than 300 microM) PLD-induced production of PA (mass and radiolabel) in a manner that correlated with enhancement or inhibition of O2 consumption in PMN stimulated with 1 microM FMLP in the absence of cytochalasin B. The concentration-dependent effects of propranolol on FMLP-induced NADPH oxidase activation was confirmed by direct assay of the enzyme in subcellular fractions. In PA extracted from cells pretreated with 200 microM propranolol before stimulation with 1 microM FMLP, phospholipase A1 (PLA1)-digestion for 90 min, followed by quantitation of residual PA, showed that a minimum of 44% of PA in control (undigested) sample was diacyl-PA; alkylacyl-PA remained undigested by PLA1. Propranolol was also observed to have a concentration-dependent enhancement of mass of 1,2-DG formed in PMN stimulated with FMLP. DG levels reached a maximum at 300 microM propranolol and remained unchanged up to 500 microM propranolol. However, in contrast to PA levels, the level of DG produced did not correlate with NADPH oxidase activation. Exogenously added didecanoyl-PA activated NADPH oxidase in a concentration-dependent manner (1-300 microM) in a reconstitution assay using membrane and cytosolic fractions from unstimulated PMN. In addition, PA synergized with SDS for oxidase activation. Taken together, these results indicate that PA plays a second messenger role in the activation of NADPH oxidase in human PMN and that regulation of phospholipase D is a key step in the activation pathway.
Monophasic action potential mapping in human subjects with normal electrocardiograms: direct evidence for the genesis of the T wave.
Authors: M R Franz, K Bargheer, W Rafflenbeul, A Haverich, P R Lichtlen
Journal: Circulation (1987)

T wave concordance in the normal human electrocardiogram (ECG) generally is explained by assuming opposite directions of ventricular depolarization and repolarization; however, direct experimental evidence for this hypothesis is lacking. We used a contact electrode catheter to record monophasic action potentials (MAPs) from 54 left ventricular endocardial sites during cardiac catheterization (seven patients) and a new contact electrode probe to record MAPs from 23 epicardial sites during cardiac surgery (three patients). All patients had normal left ventricular function and ECGs with concordant T waves. MAP recordings during constant sinus rhythm or right atrial pacing were analyzed for activation time (AT) = earliest QRS deflection to MAP upstroke, action potential duration (APD) = MAP upstroke to 90% repolarization, and repolarization time (RT) = AT plus APD. AT and APD varied by 32 and 64 msec, respectively, over the left ventricular endocardium and by 55 and 73 msec, respectively, over the left ventricular epicardium. On a regional basis, the diaphragmatic and apicoseptal endocardium had the shortest AT and the longest APD, and the anteroapical and posterolateral endocardium had the longest AT and the shortest APD (p less than .05 to less than .0001). RT was less heterogeneous than APD, and no significant transventricular gradients of RT were found. In percent of the simultaneously recorded QT interval, epicardial RT ranged from 70.8 to 87.4 (mean 80.7 +/- 3.9) and endocardial RT ranged from 80 to 97.8 (mean 87.1 +/- 4.4) (p less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Electrophysiological effects of the optical isomers of disopyramide and quinidine in the dog. Dependence on stereochemistry.
Authors: M J Mirro, A M Watanabe, J C Bailey
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied the electrophysiological effects of the optical isomers of disopyramide and quinidine on canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. Conventional microelectrode techniques were employed to study the effects of racemic disopyramide, (+)-disopyramide, (-)-disopyramide, quinidine, and quinine. Racemic disopyramide, (+)-disopyramide, and quinidine prolonged action potential duration (APD) measured at 90% repolarization. In contrast, (-)-disopyramide and quinine shortened APD. These directionally opposite effects on repolarization were observed throughout 60 minutes exposure to drug and were concentration-dependent. All five components reduced dV/dt of phase 0, increased conduction time, and increased the current requirement for all-or-none depolarization. The effects of all five compounds on dV/dt, conduction time, and current requirements were time- and concentration-dependent. Our results indicate that the stereochemical configurations of disopyramide and quinidine determine their effects on repolarization of cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Evoked potentials give early warning of sensory and behavioral deficits in high-risk neonates
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1981)

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