tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bid-dependent generation of oxygen radicals promotes death receptor activation-induced apoptosis in murine hepatocytes
Authors: Wen-Xing Ding, Hong-Min Ni, Daniell DiFrancesca, Donna B. Stolz, Xiao-Ming Yin
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 or Fas leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species, which are important to the cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or Fas ligand. However, how these radicals are generated following receptor ligation is not clear. Using primary hepatocytes, we found that TNF-α or anti-Fas antibody-induced burst of oxygen radicals was mainly derived from the mitochondria. We discovered that Bid—a pro-death Bcl-2 family protein activated by ligated death receptors—was the main intracellular molecule signaling the generation of the radicals by targeting to the mitochondria and that the majority of oxygen radical production was dependent on Bid. Reactive oxygen species contributed to cell death and caspase activation by promoting FLICE-inhibitory protein degradation and mitochondrial release of cytochrome c. For the latter part, the oxygen radicals did not affect Bak oligomerization but instead promoted mitochondrial cristae reorganization and membrane lipid peroxidation. Antioxidants could reverse these changes and therefore protect against TNF-α or anti-Fas-induced apoptosis. In conclusion , our studies established the signaling pathway from death receptor engagement to oxygen radical generation and determined the mechanism by which reactive oxygen species contributed to hepatocyte apoptosis following death receptor activation. (Hepatology 2004;40:403-413.)
Transduction of human dendritic cells with adenovirus encoding anti-PD-1 reduces PD-1 expression on co-cultured T cells
Authors: Santos Patricia, Etheridge Alexander, Andrea Gambotto, Lisa H Butterfield
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts A potent tumor-specific T cell response is an important part of antitumor immunity. Thus, enhancing T cell responses against tumor cells is a major focus in cancer immunotherapy. Dendritic cells (DC) play a critical role in the induction of T cell responses not only against
Kawasaki often characterized by fever, joint problems
Authors: J. Kagilaski
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cardiorenal Outcomes After Slow Continuous Ultrafiltration Therapy in Refractory Patients With Advanced Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Maria Patarroyo, Edgard Wehbe, Mazen Hanna, David O. Taylor, Randall C. Starling, Sevag Demirjian, W.H. Wilson Tang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Monoclonal antibody defining a molecule possibly identical to the p75 subunit of interleukin 2 receptor.
Authors: T Takeshita, Y Goto, K Tada, K Nagata, H Asao, K Sugamura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

A mouse hybridoma cell line, TU27, producing an mAb was established. TU27 mAb reacted with various human and Gibbon ape T cell lines bearing the IL-2R p75 (IL-2Rp75), but not with cell lines expressing only Tac antigen, IL-2Rp55, and numbers of its binding sites on cell surfaces were similar to those of high-affinity IL-2R. Radioimmunoprecipitation with TU27 mAb defined a molecule with a molecular mass of 75 kD on the surface of IL-2Rp75 bearing cells. TU27 mAb completely blocked IL-2 binding to IL-2Rp75 and to the high-affinity IL-2R but not to IL-2Rp55 composing the low-affinity IL-2R. The IL-2-dependent growth of a human T cell line, ILT-Mat, was significantly inhibited by TU27 mAb only at low concentrations of IL-2, and combination of TU27 mAb and H-31 mAb specific for IL-2Rp55 completely inhibited the cell growth even at high concentrations of IL-2. These data strongly suggest that TU27 mAb is specific for the human IL-2Rp75.
Recurrent Primary Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Juda Jona
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Wide operative resection and postoperative administration of anticoagulants may prevent recurrent disease and improve the survival rate, indicated by treatment of a patient with recurrent mesenteric venous thrombosis. The recurrence rate of this disease after primary surgical resection is estimated at 30%. The mortality after recurrent disease is 37%, and all deaths occurred in patients who were not given anticoagulant drugs after the recurrent episode.
De novo gain-of-function KCNT1 channel mutations cause malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy
Authors: Giulia Barcia, Matthew R Fleming, Aline Deligniere, Valeswara-Rao Gazula, Maile R Brown, Maeva Langouet, Haijun Chen, Jack Kronengold, Avinash Abhyankar, Roberta Cilio, Patrick Nitschke, Anna Kaminska, Nathalie Boddaert, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Isabelle Desguerre, Arnold Munnich, Olivier Dulac, Leonard K Kaczmarek, Laurence Colleaux, Rima Nabbout
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
The Clinical Value of Frequency Analysis of the First Heart Sound in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: ROBERT J. ADOLPH, JOHN F. STEPHENS, KUMEO TANAKA
Journal: Circulation (1970)

A sensitive technic for frequency analysis of the first heart sound (S 1 ) during isovolumic contraction time (ICT) was developed. Recorded heart sounds were filtered with a dynamic analyzer. Amplitudes of frequencies between 30 and 70 cps were plotted as a percentage of peak total energy of S 1 against frequency. A consistent and reproducible frequency "fingerprint" was obtained in 74 normal subjects. Frequencies of S 1 were shown to be directly proportional to ventricular elasticity (VE) and inversely proportional to combined ventricular mass (VM). VM is constant during ICT. Amplitude at 40 cps was less than at 30 cps because of reduced VE (myocardial infarction), increased VM (athletes), or combined reduction in VE and increased VM (myocardiopathy). Normal patterns were found in aortic insufficiency (increased VE and VM). Diagnostic patterns were found in 21 of 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) but were similar to patterns found in patients with healed infarcts and myocardiopathy and athletes. Acute pulmonary embolism could be differentiated from MI.
Sickle cell anemia and trait in Southern India: Further studies
Authors: G. Brittenham, B. Lozoff, J. W. Harris, S. M. Mayson, A. Miller, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract Population surveys and family studies among 568 members of nine ethnic groups in southern India identified 15 homozygotes for sickle hemoglobin (Hb S) who had mild clinical and hematological manifestations with high levels of fetal hemoglobin (mean = 20%, range 8–36%) in a heterogeneous red cell distribution. In one family, the heterozygous mother had a hemoglobin pattern consistent with a form of the heterocellular hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Sickle cell trait was found in 153 (27%) of those studied. Chromatographic quantitation of the hemoglobin fractions in these heterozygotes showed a trimodal distribution of the proportion of Hb S explicable by a genetic model postulating the presence of genotypes with two (−α/−α), three (−α/αα) and four (αα/αα) active α‐globin genes. Globin synthesis studies in four heterozygotes believed to have two active α‐globin genes demonstrated an α/non‐α total activity ratio (0.57) consistent with this model.
Outbreak of Illness Associated with E.C.H.O. Type 7 Virus
Authors: T. M. Bell, N. S. Clark, W. Chambers
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Of the 27 recognized members of the E.C.H.O. virus group only a few have so far been reported to be associated with outbreaks of disease of the central nervous system. These include E.C.H.O. type 4 (Lehan et al, 1957), type 6 (Von Zeipel and Svedmyr, 1957), type 9 (Nihoul et al, 1957), type 11 (Elvin-Lewis and Melnick, 1959), and type 16 (Kibrick et al, 1957). In addition, the virus known as Frater (Duncan, 1960; Bell, 1962) also appears to be a member of the E.C.H.O. group and was associated with outbreaks of meningitis in Scotland in 1959. In 1961 E.C.H.O. type 7 virus infection was associated with about one-quarter of the cases of aseptic meningitis seen in the Aberdeen area. Nineteen persons were shown to have been infected during April to November, with the peak in July. The only previous record of E.C.H.O. type 7 infection in Scotland was in association with cases of infant diarrhoea in Glasgow in 1957 (Sommerville and Carson, 1958). Cases of meningitis associated with E.C.H.O. type 7 virus have also been reported elsewhere (Melnick and Sabin, 1959), but so far occurring only sporadically.
THE ROLE OF PASSENGER LEUKOCYTES IN THE ANOMALOUS SURVIVAL OF NEONATAL SKIN GRAFTS IN MICE
Authors: Stephen S. Wachtel, Willys K. Silvers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The anomalous survival of neonatal C3H skin grafts on CBA mice is correlated with the emigration of passenger leukocytes from the graft vasculature. Thus, newborn homografts whose leukocyte populations are eliminated by X-irradiation or by transient sojourn on an intermediate adult C3H host, do not display prolonged survival. Moreover, the continued presence of the newborn grafts is not requisite to the maintenance of the unresponsive state, an observation consonant with the demonstration that CBA mice bearing long-term neonatal C3H skin grafts are leukocyte chimeras. In contrast, neonatal male C57 skin grafts may persist on C57 females after heavy irradiation of the donor, or after passage on an intermediate adult male host. In addition, tolerance is broken by removal of long-persistant newborn grafts from hitherto unresponsive females, and chimerism is not detectable in female C57 mice tolerant of infant male isografts. Finally, leukocytes of neonatal C3H origin, inoculated subcutaneously into CBA males, may occasionally render these animals unresponsive to subsequent adult C3H skin homografts, whereas those taken from infant C57 males usually sensitize their adult female hosts. Thus, passenger leukocytes are implicated in the extended survival of C3H neonatal homografts on CBA recipients, but not in the persistence of H-Y-incompatible neonatal skin isografts on C57 females.
Résection muqueuse endoscopique des cancers épidermoïdes superficiels de l'œsophage chez des patients avec varices oesophagiennes
Authors: M Ciocirlan, M Chemaly, MG Lapalus, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Un cancer superficiel de l'œsophage peut évidemment être observé chez des patients présentant une cirrhose d'origine éthylique. Peut se poser alors le problème de la réalisation d'une mucosectomie en présence de varices oesophagiennes et d'anomalies de coagulation. Nous rapportons 4 expériences de prise en charge de cette association carcinome épidermoïde de l'œsophage et varices oesophagiennes.
Alternative Test Models: Ocular Safety Assays Accepted
Authors: Ernie Hood
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Cleanup for Broken CFLsCompact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are about 75% more energy efficient than incandescent light bulbs and last 10 times longer, and thus have quickly become a modern-day environmental icon.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that about 290 million CFLs were sold in 2007.But CFLs do have one dim spot on their otherwise bright green image: the mercury that makes the bulbs' inner phosphor coating fluoresce and produce light.A new study from a group of researchers at Brown University characterizes for the first time how elemental mercury vapor escapes from broken CFLs and offers a real-world solution for capturing escaping mercury.According to a June 2008 fact sheet issued by the EPA Energy Star program, the use of CFLs results in a net reduction in mercury entering the environment because their lower energy draw means less mercury-emitting coal needs to be burned.The EPA estimates that using a 13-W CFL saves 376 kWh over its 8,000-hour lifespan, preventing 4.5 mg of mercury from being emitted by a coalburning power plant.Each small, curly tube contains about 3-5 mg of mercurysignificantly less than the 500 mg in older thermometers,
Stress, the Colon, and Diverticulosis-Reply
Authors: Kenneth B. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In Reply.—  I fully agree with Dr Daves that in some people the colon responds to stress. Indeed, as I stated, functional abdominal pain is often stress related. This pain may well be the result of  spasm, although additional mechanisms such as heightened sensitivity to colonic distention could play a role. In any case, there is very little evidence that colonic spasm leads to diverticular disease. Intraluminal pressure 1 and motility 2 are usually normal in patients with diverticular disease. Other factors such as intrinsic abnormalities of colonic musculature, weakness of the colonic wall, and diet may be of greater importance in the development of diverticula. 3   The literature does not support Dr Daves' clinical impression that abdominal pain (left lower quadrant or otherwise) is especially associated with uncomplicated diverticular disease. A study referenced in my answer found that abdominal pain was no more common in patients with diverticula on
Blood Poisoning—Alcohol.
Authors: W. P. Howle
Journal: JAMA (1895)

lately that he always gave the insurance company that brought an applicant to his office for examination for $1, one dollar's worth of work and no more ; for $2 or $3, work in pro¬ portion to the fee and no more.Of course this remedy is impracticable, even dishonorable, and could not for a mo¬ ment be held up as a rule of action against the wrong.
Prognostic value of monitoring a candidate immunophenotypic leukaemic stem/progenitor cell population in patients allografted for acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Charlotte Bradbury, Aimee E Houlton, Susanna Akiki, Richard Gregg, Max Rindl, Josephine Khan, Janice Ward, Naeem Khan, Mike Griffiths, Sandeep Nagra, Robert Hills, Alan Burnett, Nigel Russell, Paresh Vyas, David Grimwade, Charles Craddock, Sylvie D. Freeman
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Should vitamin D supplements be recommended to prevent chronic diseases?
Authors: H. E. Meyer, K. Holvik, P. Lips
Journal: BMJ (2015)

#### The bottom line

Vitamin D has gained much attention in research and clinical practice as a possible preventive factor for a wide array of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, various cancers, type 2 diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a steroid hormone precursor and is synthesised when skin is exposed to ultraviolet B radiation. It is also found in a limited number of foods, especially oily fish. The other form of the vitamin, vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), is found in dietary plant sterols exposed to ultraviolet B radiation and is somewhat less effective than vitamin D3.1 Vitamin D has well known effects on calcium metabolism and is traditionally linked to the prevention of rickets in children. It is also now clear that vitamin D deficiency causes bone loss through secondary hyperparathyroidism.2

Because vitamin D receptors are present in many organs and tissues, vitamin D may have extraskeletal effects.2 In addition, many observational studies have shown associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), the major circulating form of vitamin D, and the risk of chronic diseases.3 As a consequence of increased popularity, measurement of 25(OH)D3 to determine vitamin D status has become common, and vitamin D supplements, at doses far exceeding the recommended daily allowances or dietary reference values,4 5 6 are often given, despite limited evidence of an effect.

### What are the possible benefits?

On the basis of the existing evidence, we can conclude that vitamin D …
ANTICOAGULANTS AND VALVE REPLACEMENT DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: HERMAN O. KLEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Letters and Comments1 February 1968ANTICOAGULANTS AND VALVE REPLACEMENT DURING PREGNANCYHERMAN O. KLEIN, M.D.HERMAN O. KLEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-2-495_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:In the article "Valve Replacement During Pregnancy" (Ann. Intern. Med. 67: 1032, 1967) the authors point out the risk to the fetus attendant on the use of anticoagulants of the coumarin family. I wondered why, in the course of treatment of the patient under discussion, heparin was not substituted for warfarin till the twenty-eighth week of gestation. Was this due to an oversight or was this course of therapy chosen because of a rationale that I do not know? It would seem to me that, if heparin is preferred over the coumarin derivatives because of its higher... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 2336A Dona Ana Place, Holloman AFB, New Mexico PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1968Volume 68, Issue 2Page: 495-495KeywordsAnticoagulantsCoumarinsFetusesHeparinPregnancyValve replacement Issue Published: 1 February 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Peginterferon alfa-2b and weight-based or flat-dose ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients: A randomized trial
Authors: Ira M. Jacobson, Robert S. Brown, Bradley Freilich, Nezam Afdhal, Paul Y. Kwo, John Santoro, Scott Becker, Adil E. Wakil, David Pound, Eliot Godofsky, Robert Strauss, David Bernstein, Steven Flamm, Mary Pat Pauly, Pabak Mukhopadhyay, Louis H. Griffel, Clifford A. Brass
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

This prospective, multicenter, community-based and academic-based, open-label, investigator-initiated, U.S. study evaluated efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) alfa-2b plus a flat or weight-based dose of ribavirin (RBV) in adults with chronic hepatitis C. Patients (n = 5027) were randomly assigned to receive PEG-IFN alfa-2b 1.5 microg/kg/week plus flat-dose (800 mg/day) or weight-based (800-1400 mg/day) RBV for 48 weeks (patients with genotype 1, 4, 5, or 6) and for 24 or 48 weeks (genotype 2/3 patients). Primary end point was sustained virologic response (undetectable [<125 IU/mL] serum hepatitis C virus RNA at 24-week follow-up). Sustained virologic response, but not end-of-treatment, rates were significantly higher with weight-based than with flat-dose RBV (44.2% versus 40.5%; P = 0.008). Sustained virologic response rates by intention-to-treat analysis were 34.0% and 28.9%, respectively, in genotype 1 patients (P = 0.005) and 31.2% and 26.7%, respectively, in genotype 1 patients with high baseline viral load (P = 0.056). In genotype 2/3 patients, rates were not significantly different (61.8% and 59.5%, respectively) regardless of treatment duration. Besides greater hemoglobin reductions with weight-based RBV, safety profiles were similar across RBV dosing groups, including the 1400-mg/day group.PEG-IFN alfa-2b plus weight-based RBV is more effective than flat-dose RBV, particularly in genotype 1 patients, providing equivalent efficacy across all weight groups. RBV 1400 mg/day is appropriate for patients 105 to 125 kg. For genotype 2/3 patients, 24 weeks of treatment with flat-dose RBV is adequate; no evidence of additional benefit of extending treatment to 48 weeks was demonstrated.
Methodological solipsism considered as a research strategy in cognitive psychology
Authors: J. A. Fodor
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1980)

Abstract The paper explores the distinction between two doctrines, both of which inform theory construction in much of modern cognitive psychology: the representational theory of mind and the computational theory of mind. According to the former, propositional attitudes are to be construed as relations that organisms bear to mental representations. According to the latter, mental processes have access only to formal (nonsemantic) properties of the mental representations over which they are defined. The following claims are defended: (1) That the traditional dispute between “rational” and “naturalistic” psychology is plausibly viewed as an argument about the status of the computational theory of mind. Rational psychologists accept a formality condition on the specification of mental processes; naturalists do not. (2) That to accept the formality condition is to endorse a version of methodological solipsism. (3) That the acceptance of some such condition is warranted, at least for that part of psychology which concerns itself with theories of the mental causation of behavior. This is because: (4) such theories require nontransparent taxonomies of mental states; and (5) nontransparent taxonomies individuate mental states without reference to their semantic properties. Equivalently, (6) nontransparent taxonomies respect the way that the organism represents the object of its propositional attitudes to itself , and it is this representation which functions in the causation of behavior. The final section of the paper considers the prospect for a naturalistic psychology: one which defines its generalizations over relations between mental representations and their environmental causes, thus seeking to account for the semantic properties of propositional attitudes. Two related arguments are proposed, both leading to the conclusion that no such research strategy is likely to prove fruitful.