tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THROAT INFECTIONS AS AN ETIOLOGICAL FACTOR IN PUERPERAL FEVER: WITH A REPORT OF TWENTY-FOUR CASES
Authors: W. W. King
Journal: BMJ (1930)

2. It is suggested that undetected syphilis may in some cases form a basis for the serious course of rheumatic infection, aand, further, that the stuidy of rheumatism may be aided by the grouping -of rheumatic cases along iioni- rheumatic lines.
German internet clinic based in London angers German doctors
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The aim of the study was to determine whether the nonspecific <i>in vivo</i> airway hyperresponsiveness of the inbred Fisher F‐344 rat strain was associated with differences in the intrinsic contractile properties of tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) when compared with Lewis rats. Isotonic and isometric contractile properties of isolated TSM from Fisher and Lewis rats (each n=10) were investigated, and myosin crossbridge (CB) number, force and kinetics in both strains were calculated using Huxley9s equations adapted to nonsarcomeric muscles. Maximum unloaded shortening velocity and maximum extent of muscle shortening were higher in Fisher than in Lewis rats (∼46% and ∼42%, respectively), whereas peak isometric tension was similar. The curvature of the hyperbolic force/velocity relationship did not differ between strains. Myosin CB number and unitary force were similar in both strains. The duration of CB detachment and attachment was shorter in Fisher than in Lewis rats (∼−46% and −34%, respectively). In Fisher rats, these results show that inherited, genetically determined factors of airway hyperresponsiveness are associated with changes in crossbridge kinetics, contributing to an increased tracheal smooth muscle shortening capacity and velocity.
THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF SURGICAL LESIONS IN THE RIGHT HALF OF THE ABDOMEN AND PELVIS, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF APPENDICITIS.
Authors: GEORGE RYERSON FOWLER
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Inflammatory and other lesions in the right half of the abdominal and pelvic cavities have of late years assumed an increased importance. This is owing to the prominence given to the disease appendicitis, as well as to those inflammatory conditions of the adnexa in women to which the broad term pelvic inflammation is applied. There can be no question in the minds of those who have given the subject much attention that the inflammatory conditions of the vermiform appendix constitute the most important surgical lesions of the abdominal cavity. This is true both for the male and female sex. While it is true that in the female it is less frequent in its occurrence than in the male, and in addition, the female is subject to inflammatory suppurative conditions peculiar to the sex, yet in estimating the importance of an affection we must take into account its life-destroying characteristics, the
Decision Analysis: Society and Individuals-Reply
Authors: David M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  — Morgan and Yaes both make good points. Morgan has identified an error in my editing and has interpreted my intentions correctly. Yaes correctly points out that each of us has different needs depending on whether we are acting as individuals or as members of society. The sentence he quotes was intended to set up precisely that paradox.  As a literal statement, it is true that  is nothing more than a collection of individuals. On the surface, this seems to imply that the interests of society and individuals should be identical. However, as Yaes states and as I described in the remainder of my article, the interests and responsibilities of individuals change when they are viewed as members of society. In the context of health care, our health is determined by two factors: what we can gain for ourselves if we act selfishly, without regard for the
Mouse models of Tay–Sachs and Sandhoff diseases differ in neurologic phenotype and ganglioside metabolism
Authors: Kazunori Sango, Shoji Yamanaka, Alexander Hoffmann, Yasuharu Okuda, Alexander Grinberg, Heiner Westphal, Michael P. McDonald, Jacqueline N. Crawley, Konrad Sandhoff, Kinuko Suzuki, Richard L. Proia
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Fetal Death, Malformation and Prematurity after Maternal Rubella
Authors: Morris Siegel, Morris Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

GREGG'S1 report on maternal rubella and congenital defects in 1941 stimulated a long series of epidemiologic studies on the effect of viral infection on fetal maldevelopment.2 Some of the problems that are being currently investigated include the incidence of malformation by week of gestation at onset of rubella, the frequency of fetal death and prematurity and the effects of other viral diseases.3 4 5 The results bearing on the incidence of congenital malformations have been conflicting and somewhat confusing.3 The frequency of such defects after infection in the first trimester has been invariably high in retrospective studies, and often low in prospective . . .
Childhood stress linked to emotional disorders
Authors: L. Hitchen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Children who experience three or more stressful life events are at more risk of developing emotional and behavioural disorders, research has shown.

However, having strong social links with networks of family and friends, being a member of a club or group, and feeling safe in the neighbourhood all offer a cushion against emotional damage, the findings from the Office for National Statistics study show.

In the third survey on the emotional development and wellbeing of children aged 5-16 in England, Wales, and Scotland, the office investigated factors that protect children from emotional problems for the first time.

The report covers a group of 7329 children assessed in 2004 and again in 2007, when 5364 …
Myelopoiesis is regulated by osteocytes through Gsα-dependent signaling
Authors: Keertik Fulzele, Daniela S. Krause, Cristina Panaroni, Vaibhav Saini, Kevin J. Barry, Xiaolong Liu, Sutada Lotinun, Roland Baron, Lynda Bonewald, Jian Q. Feng, Min Chen, Lee S. Weinstein, Joy Y. Wu, Henry M. Kronenberg, David T. Scadden, Paola Divieti Pajevic
Journal: Blood (2012)
A Comparison of Renal Disease Across Two Continents: The Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study and the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study
Authors: Cathy E Lloyd, Judith Stephenson, John H Fuller, Trevor J Orchard
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

To compare prevalence rates of increased albumin excretion in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study (EDC) (in the U.S.) to similar rates in the EURODIAB study (in Europe) and determine if any differences relate to hypertension, glycemic control, or smoking status.The study population is made up of two epidemiological clinic-based IDDM populations with comparable ages (chi = 28 years, both studies), sex distribution (50% male, EURODIAB; 49% male, EDC), and duration characteristics. Comparison of two cross-sectional (prevalence) studies was made. Despite different laboratory assays, comparability was established for urinary albumin (r = 0.98) and GHb measures (r = 0.95). Hypertension was measured with an identical protocol. Renal status was determined by 24-h urine albumin excretion (< 20 micrograms/min normal, 20-200 micrograms/min microalbuminuria, > 200 micrograms/min macroalbuminuria) in EURODIAB. Identical cutoffs were used for EDC, though two of three samples (24-h, 4-h clinic, and/or overnight sample) had to be positive in one range. (Main findings are confirmed using only 24-h results from EDC.)The prevalence of macroalbuminuria was higher in EDC (27%) than in EURODIAB (12%). Rates of microalbuminuria were similar (22 vs. 25%, respectively). These patterns were seen at all durations and ages and in both sexes. Controlling for glycemic control, hypertension, or smoking did not account for the higher rate in EDC, nor did exclusion of subjects with raised serum creatinine.Advanced renal disease is more prevalent in IDDM in EDC (Pittsburgh, PA) than in Europe. This is not explained by hypertension, glycemic control, or smoking.
Intratracheal interferon-gamma augments pulmonary defenses in experimental legionellosis.
Authors: S J Skerrett, T R Martin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To study the effects of recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on pulmonary defenses in vivo, we measured Ia antigen expression by alveolar macrophages and whole-lung clearance of inhaled Legionella pneumophila in normal and corticosteroid-treated rats. We found that Ia antigen was expressed by 7, 29, 50, and 65% of alveolar macrophages harvested from normal rats 24 h after intratracheal administration of 0, 10(3), 10(4), or 10(5) U of IFN-gamma, respectively, and by 76% of alveolar macrophages harvested from corticosteroid-treated rats given 10(5) U of IFN-gamma. Corticosteroid-treated rats exhibited a marked impairment in the clearance of inhaled L. pneumophila, associated with diminished release of IFN-gamma by antigen-stimulated splenocytes and blunted up-regulation of Ia antigen by alveolar-exudate macrophages. Daily intratracheal injections of IFN-gamma starting 1 day before or 1 day after infection had little effect on bacterial clearance in normal rats but markedly reduced the intrapulmonary replication of L. pneumophila and the number of bronchoalveolar neutrophils in corticosteroid-treated animals. Intraperitoneally administered IFN-gamma had no effect on Ia expression by alveolar macrophages or on bacterial clearance. IFN-gamma may be useful in the treatment of intracellular infections when targeted to the site of infection in immunosuppressed hosts.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Compared with Intravenous Unfractionated Heparin for Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Daniel J. Quinlan, Andrew McQuillan, John W. Eikelboom
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Low-molecular-weight heparin has greatly simplified the management of deep venous thrombosis. However, for patients who present with pulmonary embolism, the role of low-molecular-weight heparin is uncertain and unfractionated heparin remains widely used. Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin with that of dose-adjusted intravenous unfractionated heparin to treat acute pulmonary embolism. Data Sources: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 1 August 2003. Additional data sources were manual searches of abstract proceedings and personal contact with investigators and pharmaceutical companies. Study Selection: Randomized trials comparing fixed-dose subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin with dose-adjusted intravenous unfractionated heparin for the treatment of nonmassive symptomatic pulmonary embolism or asymptomatic pulmonary embolism in the context of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data on study design; quality; and clinical outcomes, including symptomatic venous thromboembolism, death, and major and minor bleeding. Odds ratios for individual outcomes were calculated for each trial and were pooled by using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Data Synthesis: Fourteen trials involving 2110 patients with pulmonary embolism met the inclusion criteria. Separate outcome data for patients with pulmonary embolism were not available from 2 trials (159 patients), leaving 12 trials for meta-analysis. Compared with unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin was associated with a non–statistically significant decrease in recurrent symptomatic venous thromboembolism at the end of treatment (1.4% vs. 2.4%; odds ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.33 to 1.18]) and at 3 months (3.0% vs. 4.4%; odds ratio, 0.68 [CI, 0.42 to 1.09]). Similar estimates were obtained for patients who presented with symptomatic pulmonary embolism (1.7% vs. 2.3%; odds ratio, 0.72 [CI, 0.35 to 1.48]) or asymptomatic pulmonary embolism (1.2% vs. 3.2%; odds ratio, 0.53 [CI, 0.15 to 1.88]). For major bleeding complications, the odds ratio favoring low-molecular-weight heparin (1.3% vs. 2.1%; odds ratio, 0.67 [CI, 0.36 to 1.27]) was also not statistically significant. Conclusions: Fixed-dose low-molecular-weight heparin treatment appears to be as effective and safe as dose-adjusted intravenous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of nonmassive pulmonary embolism.
The Role of Alcohol and Social Stress in Russia's Mortality Rate
Authors: Vasiliy Vlassov
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coda: Don’t Touch Me
Authors: Raeford E. Brown
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abuse of Pentazocine-Naloxone Combination
Authors: Deborah A. Reed, Sidney H. Schnoll
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The combination of pentazocine hydrochloride and tripelennamine hydrochloride (T's and blues) has been abused as a heroin substitute. In response to this abuse, the formulation of pentazocine has been changed to include naloxone hydrochloride, a short-acting narcotic antagonist, in the tablet (Talwin Nx). Two cases of abuse of the new pentazocine and naloxone formulation along with tripelennamine are reported. Potential reasons for the failure of naloxone to block the effects of pentazocine are discussed. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:2562-2564)
Bone Marrow Uptake Complicating Radionuclide Venography in a Patient With Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: MICHAEL J. HALLOWELL, DAVID P. SMITH, JOHN PETRONIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A 49-year-old black woman with hemoglobin SS sickle cell disease presented with right calf pain and swelling. She had a history of deep venous thrombophlebitis of the left calf. Because of the risks of iodinated contrast in patients with sickle cell disease, a radionuclide venogram was performed with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells. This revealed intense uptake in the bone marrow.
Reminiscence of an Unhappy Day
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In February, Friday the 13th came on Tuesday, and the news was as expected. Dissident Nobel Laureate Alexander Solzhenitsyn was deprived of his Soviet citizenship and exiled from the country he loved and had striven in vain to improve. A news analyst commented that things hadn't changed much since the USSR was Russia ruled by tsars.   mid-East oil embargo prevailed. Thanks to the French—always a consistent people who had expected to fight World War II with tactics that had prevailed in World War I—a meeting of ministers of state in Washington failed to find a common ground for dealing with a worldwide energy crisis. In Britain, the striking coal miners kept the gloom on, and, ironically, on The Price Is Right a charming young woman won a trip for two for a week's stay in London. Israel and Syria were still pounding each other on the Golan Heights.  On
Pseudohypertension and the Osier Maneuver
Authors: Richard L. Golden
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article from the Cardiovascular Health Study<sup>1</sup>confirms the risks associated with systolic hypertension. The screening methods described, however, do not appear to take into consideration the possibility of pseudohypertension. In this not uncommon entity, the rigid, sclerotic vessels cannot be adequately compressed by the sphygmomanometer cuff, yielding a spuriously elevated blood pressure.<sup>2</sup>The criterion standard of accuracy in a study of hypertension in the elderly would be intra-arterial readings, a method perhaps not regarded as practical in a study of this scope. Infrasonic recorder measurements have also been advocated for accurate, noninvasive screening of diastolic blood pressure.<sup>3</sup> A simpler method of screening is the Osler maneuver, as described by Messerli et al<sup>4</sup>(based on the original observation by Sir William Osler), in which the palpability of the artery distal to the point of occlusion by the cuff indicates the state of the
Rapid Detection of Gram-Negative Bacterial Meningitis by the Limulus Lysate Test
Authors: Ronald Nachum, Allen Lipsey, Stuart E. Siegel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The limulus lysate test was evaluated as a tool for the rapid diagnosis of gram-negative bacterial meningitis in 112 patients. Positive assays were obtained on all initial cerebrospinal-fluid specimens from 38 patients with culture-proved gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Gram stain demonstrated organisms in 25 of these specimens. Negative limulus assays were obtained on all samples from 74 patients with gram-positive bacterial meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, aseptic meningitis or meningeal leukemia, as well as patients without meningitis. The limulus assay is a rapid, sensitive test for the diagnosis of untreated gram-negative bacterial meningitis, and may be useful for the detection of persistent bacterial growth or residual endotoxin in the absence of other spinal-fluid abnormalities. (N Engl J Med 289:931–934, 1973)
Infantile Cortical Hyperostoses
Authors: Richard K. Whipple
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

CAFFEY and Silverman,1 in July, 1945, published the following description of a new syndrome entitled "infantile cortical hyperostoses":The principal features of the disorder include: onset in the early part of the first year; tender swellings in one or more of these sites — face and jaws, scapular regions and extremities; and multiple scattered hyperostoses demonstrated roentgenographically in bones adjacent to the tender swellings and also in several other bones whose overlying soft tissues appear to be normal, clinically and roentgenographically.... Biopsies of the affected bones in 3 cases showed only hyperplasia of the lamellar cortical bone.Fever was noted . . .
The medium and the message of mental time travel
Authors: Endel Tulving, Alice Kim
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract We add one point to Suddendorf &amp; Corballis's (S&amp;C's) story of mental time travel: For the future success of this hot, new area of research, it is imperative to pay attention to the fundamental distinction between the general brain/mind capacity that makes possible conscious awareness of the past and the future (the “medium”), on the one hand, and specific expressions of this capacity in a large variety of future-related mental activities (the “message”), on the other.
Overexpression of myocardial Gsalpha prevents full expression of catecholamine desensitization despite increased beta-adrenergic receptor kinase.
Authors: D E Vatner, K Asai, M Iwase, Y Ishikawa, T E Wagner, R P Shannon, C J Homcy, S F Vatner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Inotropic and chronotropic responses to catecholamines in young adult transgenic mice overexpressing myocardial Gsalpha are enhanced. One might predict that over the life of the animal, this chronically enhanced beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation would result in homologous catecholamine desensitization. To test this hypothesis, old transgenic Gsalpha mice and age-matched controls were studied physiologically in terms of responsiveness of left ventricular function (ejection fraction) to isoproterenol in vivo and in vitro in terms of beta-adrenergic receptor signaling. Old transgenic mice still responded to isoproterenol with augmented (P < 0.05) left ventricular ejection fraction (+44+/-3%) compared with age-matched controls (+24+/-1%). Although total beta-adrenergic receptor density was reduced in the old transgenic mice, and G protein receptor kinase 2 (beta-adrenergic receptor kinase) levels were increased, the fraction of receptors binding agonist with high affinity as well as isoproterenol- and G protein-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activities were enhanced. Thus, classical catecholamine desensitization is not effective in attenuation of persistently enhanced responses to sympathetic stimulation in mice overexpressing myocardial Gsalpha. To support this conclusion further, experiments were performed with chronic isoproterenol, which elicited effective desensitization in wild-type controls, but failed to elicit desensitization in overexpressed Gsalpha mice. The results of this study suggest that the lack of protective desensitization mechanisms may be responsible in part for the dilated cardiomyopathy which develops with chronic sympathetic stress over the life of these animals.
Ending the stalemate over CFS/ME
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Ending the stalemate over CFS/ME Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of AdCMVTk biodistributionin ortothopic hepatocellular carcinoma gene therapy
Authors: Miguel Barajas, Inigo Narvaiza, Ivan Penuelas, Cheng Qian, J. Marti, Jose Boan, Maria Font, Bruno Sangro, J.R. Barrio, S.S. Gambhir, J.A. Richter, Jesus Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)