tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA IN PRIVATE PRACTICE
Authors: Harry Berman
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The pandemic reached Hartford about the middle of September, reached its greatest pace about September 28, and from then on raged fiercely until October 21, when it began to recede. The number of deaths was 586 resident and 137 from out of town. The population is estimated at 145,000, thus giving a death rate of 4 per thousand. The number of influenza cases was about 23,000. The schools and theaters were not closed here, and from the manner in which the epidemic spread they apparently were not an important factor in disseminating the disease. The epidemic raged most intensely in the crowded tenement districts. Proportionately, the Jews were hit harder probably than any other group of peoples. They were affected first and in great numbers. The northeast section, populated by Jews, Russians and Italians for the most part, was in the grip of the epidemic for a
Extrinsic Compression of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery by Rib in a Patient With Progressive Left Ventricular Remodeling
Authors: Jin-Sun Park, Hyoung-Mo Yang, Seung-Jea Tahk, Dai-Yeol Joe, Xiong Jie Jin, Hong-Seok Lim, Byoung-Joo Choi, So-Yeon Choi, Myeong-Ho Yoon, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Evaluation of the virological response during PEG-IFN/RIB treatment by HCV NAT or total HCV core AG testing leads to similar clinical decisions
Authors: M. Maynard, M. Buti, J.I. Esteban, H. Tilmann, J. Wiegand, M. Manns, M. Martinot, P. Marcellin, P. Berthillon, G.R. Picchio, P. Pradat, C. Trepo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Intravenous Labetalol in Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: George Eisele
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their CASE REPORT on labetalol hydrochloride therapy for acute aortic dissection, Grubb et al<sup>1</sup>used a 20-mg bolus followed by a continuous infusion of 2 mg/min for two days. The total intravenous dose was therefore 5.78 g in 48 hours. The manufacturer suggests a maximum dose of 300 mg/d.<sup>2</sup>Could the authors please comment on the dosing discrepancy?
Estimation of Rapidly Exchangeable Cellular Thyroxine from the Plasma Disappearance Curves of Simultaneously Administered Thyroxine-131I and Albumin-125I*
Authors: Jack H. Oppenheimer, Gerald Bernstein, Julian Hasen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

A mathematical analysis of the plasma disappearance curves of simultaneously injected thyroxine-(131)I and albumin-(125)I allows the development of simple formulas for estimating the pool size and transfer kinetics of rapidly exchangeable intracellular thyroxine in man. Evidence is presented that the early distribution kinetics of albumin-(125)I can be used to represent the expansion of the thyroxine-(131)I-plasma protein complex into the extracellular compartment. Calculations indicate that approximately 37% of total body extrathyroidal thyroxine is within such exchangeable tissue stores. The average cellular clearance of thyroxine is 42.7 ml per minute, a value far in excess of the metabolic clearance of this hormone. Results of external measurements over the hepatic area and studies involving hepatic biopsies indicate that the liver is an important but probably not the exclusive component of the intracellular compartment. The partition of thyroxine between cellular and extracellular compartments is determined by the balance of tissue and plasma protein binding factors. The fractional transfer constants are inversely related to the strength of binding of each compartment and directly proportional to the permeability characteristic of the hypothetical membrane separating compartments. Appropriate numerical values for these factors are assigned. An increased fractional entrance of thyroxine-(131)I into the cellular compartment was noted in a patient with congenital decrease in the maximal binding capacity of thyroxine-binding globulin and in three patients after the infusion of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin. Decreased intracellular space and impaired permeability characteristics were observed in five patients with hepatic disease. Studies of the rate of entrance of thyroxine-(131)I and albumin-(125)I into the pleural effusion of a patient with congestive heart failure suggested that transcapillary passage of thyroxine independent of its binding protein is not a predominant factor in the total distribution kinetics of thyroxine-(131)I. The thesis is advanced that the distribution of thyroxine, both within the extracellular compartment and between the extracellular and intracellular compartments, is accomplished largely by the carrier protein and the direct transfer of thyroxine from one binding site to another. The concept of free thyroxine is reassessed in terms of this formulation.
Dietary N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation during pregnancy is associated with changes in cord blood (CB) progenitor numbers and responsiveness to IL-5 in infants at risk of atopy
Authors: H.M. Hatfield, J.A. Dunstan, L. Hayes, R. Sehmi, P.M. Holt, J.A. Denburg, S.L. Prescott
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Combined oral contraceptives and thromboembolism
Authors: M. Rawlins
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--It is understandable that last week's BMJ should devote considerable space to the Committee on Safety of Medicines' recent advice1 on combined oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism.2 3 4 5 6 I doubt, however, whether your readers will be enlightened by some of the views expressed in it. In particular, the excess risk of venous thromboembolism with combined oral contraceptives containing desogestrel or gestodene is 15 per 100000 users per year, not 15 per 100000 women.

The committee's decision to advise doctors, pharmacists, and the public about the increased risk of thromboembolism with combined oral contraceptives containing desogestrel or gestodene was based on the results of three studies. Contrary to assertions in the BMJ and elsewhere, none were preliminary findings. The World Health Organisation's study and that of Dr Hershel Jick (based on the general practice research database) have been submitted for publication; Professor Spitzer provided the committee with an abstract prepared for the December meeting of the British Pharmacological Society. None of the authors have retracted their publications. All indicate that there is an increased risk of venous thromboembolism associated with combined oral contraceptives containing desogestrel or gestodene compared …
Geophagia. A cause of life-threatening hyperkalemia in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: M. C. Gelfand
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Geophagia has been associated with life-threatening hyperkalemia in five patients with chronic renal failure. All five patients were black and had been born in the southeastern United States. Four had had frequent hyperkalemia requiring at least one hospitalization, and two had had hyperkalemia with serum potassium concentration as high as 9.8 mEq/liter, resulting in cardiac arrest in one and paralysis, disorientation, and cardiac arrythmia in the other. Since riverbed clay contains as much as 100 mEq of potassium in 100 gm of clay, much of which is exchangeable at acid pH, the mechanism of geophagia-induced hyperkalemia appears to be the absorption of potassium released from clay after ingestion. After discontinuing geophagia, no new hyperkalemic episodes occurred in these patients.
Ezetimibe significantly reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Claude Gagne, Daniel Gaudet, Eric Bruckert, Damien Ponsonnet, Leslie Lipka, Alexandre LeBeaut, Ramachandran Suresh, Paula Abreu, Enrico Veltri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Weight training and strength, cardiorespiratory functioning and body composition of men.
Authors: C M Reid, R A Yeater, I H Ullrich
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1987)

Forty-five men (18-35 years) trained three times a week for eight weeks to determine the effects of four constant-resistant weight training programmes on muscular strength, endurance, body composition and cardiovascular functioning. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four programmes: Endurance (2 sets of 15 repetition maximum [RM]); Explosive (1 set of 15 RM); Strength 1 (3 sets of 6 RM); Strength 2 (1 set of 10 RM twice weekly and 1 set of 3 RM once weekly). All groups showed significant increases in elbow and shoulder flexion strength with elbow extension strength improved in the Explosive, Strength 2 and Endurance groups. Shoulder extension strength improved the Endurance group and in the Strength 2 group. Maximum oxygen uptake (L/min) and (ml X kg-1 min-1) improved significantly in the Endurance and Strength 2 groups. Lean body weight increased significantly in all groups except the Strength 1 group, but there was no change in % fat for any group. Due to a high drop out rate (55%) and injury related problems, the Explosive technique is not recommended. The Endurance and Strength 2 programmes were most effective for improving physiologic functioning, as assessed in this study.
ON GALLIC ACID: ITS REMEDIAL POWER IN THE HAeMORRHAGIC DIATHESIS, AND IN DISEASES CHARACTERISED BY RELAXED FIBRE OR EXCESSIVE SECRETION
Authors: W. Bayes
Journal: BMJ (1854)

rim * .w,do tindw.dhjeeatI feel, however, commous of having mad..eth pe se out with,as to the undobu a } 'Si.derived from this extensi class of rIn the creone allusion made to each sp, however, minute aeon- u Dot attempted; but it b hoped that, iue.gv1g the =Lg constituentxq the appopriate spnng ma readily ixed upon.Much must depend upon a iust review of the specalities of eve particular case.Colateal subjects, as i their mode of ad stration, etc., will very maseriall7 ffect the result, and determine whether this clas of medi- cinal agents is to maintain the claims set up as to their in- huence in removing functional disorder or incipient dis- rganisation and decay.
Pitfalls in the Use of DNA Microarray Data for Diagnostic and Prognostic Classification
Authors: R. Simon, M. D. Radmacher, K. Dobbin, L. M. McShane
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2002)

DNA microarrays have made it possible to estimate the level of expression of thousands of genes for a sample of cells. Although biomedical investigators have been quick to adopt this powerful new research tool, accurate analysis and interpretation of the data have provided unique challenges. Indeed, many investigators are not experienced in the analytical steps needed to convert tens of thousands of noisy data points into reliable and interpretable biologic information. Although some investigators recognize the importance of collaborating with experienced biostatisticians to analyze microarray data, the number and availability of experienced biostatisticians is inadequate. Consequently, investigators are using available software to analyze their data, many seemingly without knowledge of potential pitfalls. Because of serious problems associated with the analysis and reporting of some DNA microarray studies, there is great interest in guidance on valid and effective methods for analysis of DNA microarray data. The design and analysis strategy for a DNA microarray experiment should be determined in light of the overall objectives of the study. Because DNA microarrays are used for a wide variety of objectives, it is not feasible to address the entire range of design and analysis issues in this commentary. Here, we address statistical issues that arise from the use of DNA microarrays for an important group of objectives that has been called “class prediction” (1). Class prediction includes derivation of predictors of prognosis, response to therapy, or any phenotype or genotype defined independently of the gene expression profile.
Longitudinal study on osteodystrophy in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and a pilot study on calcitonin treatment
Authors: A. Floreani, M. Chiaramonte, S. Giannini, L. Malvasi, M.G. Lodetti, R. Castrignano, A. Giacomini, A. D'angelo, R. Naccarato
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
New Studies Target Lung Cancer Prevention, Imaging, and Treatment
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

CHICAGO—With lung cancer claiming the lives of more men and women than colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined, the need for agents to prevent this malignancy has never been more urgent. Although efforts have been unsuccessful to date, preliminary research reported here at the recent Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology suggests that drugs that inhibit the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme may have potential as chemoprevention agents. Other presentations at the meeting highlighted a new imaging protocol that may help clinicians determine which patients with lung cancer might benefit from surgery and a combination treatment that appears to offer a small improvement in survival.
LIGHT ERUPTIONS AND THE ATP MECHANISM.
Authors: G. H. FINDLAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1958)

Journal Article LIGHT ERUPTIONS AND THE ATP MECHANISM. Get access G. H. FINDLAY G. H. FINDLAY Institute of Dermatology, British Postgraduate Medical Federation, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 70, Issue 7, 1 July 1958, Pages 242–244, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1958.tb13331.x Published: 01 July 1958
Hepcidin regulates intrarenal iron handling at the distal nephron
Authors: Boualem Moulouel, Dounia Houamel, Constance Delaby, Dimitri Tchernitchko, Sophie Vaulont, Philippe Letteron, Olivier Thibaudeau, Hervé Puy, Laurent Gouya, Carole Beaumont, Zoubida Karim
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in two patients receiving low-dose methotrexate
Authors: M. Saha, D. Shipley, S. McBride, C. Kennedy, F. Vega-Lopez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in two patients receiving low‐dose methotrexate Get access M. Saha, M. Saha Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K. *Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U.K. †University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K Monika Saha. E‐mail: monikasaha@doctors.net.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Shipley, D. Shipley Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K. *Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U.K. †University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. McBride, S. McBride Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K. *Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U.K. †University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Kennedy, C. Kennedy Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K. *Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U.K. †University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Vega‐Lopez F. Vega‐Lopez Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, U.K. *Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, U.K. †University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 4, 1 October 2006, Pages 830–833, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07418.x Published: 01 October 2006 Article history Accepted: 17 April 2006 Published: 01 October 2006
Predictors of coronary in-stent restenosis: importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Erik Jørgensen, Henning Kelbæk, Steffen Helqvist, Gunnar V.H Jensen, Kari Saunamäki, Jens Kastrup, Ole Havndrup, Henning Bundgaard, Jan Kyst Madsen, Michael Christiansen, Paal S Andersen, Johan H.C Reiber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Genetic linkage of mild malaria to the major histocompatibility complex in Gambian children: study of affected sibling pairs
Authors: A. Jepson, F. Sisay-Joof, W. Banya, M. Hassan-King, A. Frodsham, S. Bennett, A. Hill, H. Whittle
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective:To examine any possible links between exposure to DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), the persistent metabolite of the pesticide dicophane (DDT), and breast cancer.Design: Multicentre study of exposure to DDE by measurement of adipose tissue aspirated from the buttocks.Laboratory measurements were conducted in a single laboratory.Additional data on risk factors for breast cancer were obtained by standard questionnaires.Setting: Centres in Germany, the Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Switzerland, and Spain.Subjects: 265 postmenopausal women with breast cancer and 341 controls matched for age and centre.Main outcome measure: Adipose DDE concentrations.Results: Women with breast cancer had adipose DDE concentrations 9.2% lower than control women.No increased risk of breast cancer was found at higher concentrations.The odds ratio of breast cancer, adjusted for age and centre, for the highest versus the lowest fourth of DDE distribution was 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.44 to 1.21) and decreased to 0.48 (0.25 to 0.95; P for trend = 0.02) after adjustment for body mass index, age at first birth, and current alcohol drinking.Adjustment for other risk factors did not materially affect these estimates.Conclusions: The lower DDE concentrations observed among the women with breast cancer may be secondary to disease inception.This study does not support the hypothesis that DDE increases risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in Europe.
Atomic Weapons and the Medical Profession
Authors: W. V. Cruden
Journal: BMJ (1950)

The H bomb is now in process of construction, and Professor Einstein warns us that annihilation of any life on earth has been brought within the range of technical possibilities. Until recently weapons of war were designed for the purpose of destroying military targets and killing combatants. Now, however, we have a new and outrageous situation. The new bomb has been described by American physicists as  longer a weapon of war but a means of extermination of whole populations. Should this greatest threat to human life evoke no reaction from the medical profession? Is it not our duty to do what we can to prevent disaster from overtaking the human race? Doctors all over the world unite against the menace of bacteria. Surely they should unite against the menace of this super pathogen. I suggest that the leaders of the medical profession issue a solemn manifesto condemning the use of atomic weapons and, in the name of humanity, urging their abolition. They should press their colleagues in America and Russia to do likewise....
Modern Medical Mistakes
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In this century medicine has made fabulous progress, as every physician, medical student, and layman is well aware. The new marvels of therapy, new diagnostic tests, scientific breakthroughs, conquests of individual diseases—all receive ample publicity in the professional lay press. Not so widely publicized is the great cost that attaches to these advances, costs not measurable in money. Advances do not pursue a straight line. They meander with many turnings that often represent mistakes. Mistakes, in turn, produce suffering and death, however well-intentioned the initial motive. These mistakes of medicine form the subject of Dr Lambert's book. The author, a pediatric cardiologist, died in 1974 at the early age of 58. His book, a posthumous offering, constitutes a magnificent legacy, a work important for practicing physicians, research scientists, philosophers, jurists, and laymen of all degrees. The theme might well have been stated, "Who increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow," where sorrow takes
Failure to Use Seat Belts in the United States
Authors: Gary M. Goldbaum
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Although seat belt use could prevent thousands of highway deaths and save billions of dollars annually, most Americans do not routinely buckle up. To understand better this phenomenon and other health-related behaviors, 28 states, the District of Columbia, and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, surveyed over 22,000 US adults from 1981 through 1983. Overall, 76% of US adults reported not using seat belts. Blacks, 18- to 24-year-olds, persons with no more than a high school education, and persons with other risk behaviors (especially drunk driving) were least likely to use seat belts. Legislation by the states and education by physicians can increase seat belt use and reduce morbidity and mortality due to motor vehicle collisions.
Modigliani, Italian Painter in France
Authors: Charles S. Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1985)

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