tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vaccinia of the Lip
Authors: Sidney Kibrick, Lawrence J. Kunz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE most frequent complication of vaccination against smallpox is eczema vaccinatum. Vaccinia virus, however, occasionally gains access to an unusual site, probably through a minor break in the integrity of the body surface, and produces a localized lesion at the point of entry. Two cases of this sort are described in this paper, both with involvement of the lip. In 1 patient, after vaccination instituted as prophylaxis against recurrent herpes labialis, superinfection occurred at the site of a healing herpetic lesion on the upper lip. In the other a preceding herpetic infection was suspected from the history but was not . . .
Second primary cancers after childhood cancer
Authors: L. L Robison
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Fig 1-In patients with ARDS lying supine (left), computed tomographyshows bilateral crest shaped densites in the dependent lungs.When the patient is placed prone (night) the densities redistnibute.Changes in arterial oxygen tension are shown adjacent to the scan found that a few minutes after moving the patient from supine to prone, these densities moved from the previously dependent (dorsal) region to the dependent (ventral) region (fig 1).They found no relation between oxygenation and redistribution in lung densities.8T'here is a natural reluctance in intensive care units to move such desperately ill patients.There are fears that infusions will become dislodged, as well as anxieties about moving the neck and placing the face of an intubated patient in an inaccessible position.In practical terms the patient needs to be turned for periods of four to six hours at least once a day.T'he frequency The prone position in respiratory failure"' Indications * Acute lung injury * Cardiogenic oedema * Permeability oedema Contraindications * Shock * Acute bleeding * Multiple trauma * Spinal instability .Pregnancy * Raised intracranial pressure * Recent abdominal surgery Complications * Nerve compression * Crush injury muscle * Venous stasis * Airway security * Diaphragmatic limitation * Pressure sore * Dislodging access lines * Retinal damageis limited by difficulty in gaining access to the airway and pro- viding the necessary hygiene and skin care.Facial oedema, pressure damage, bruising, and difficulty in keeping the tube strapped in place owing to saliva are common.The endotracheal tube needs to be tied in.Fixing the patient on pillows to permit free diaphragmatic excursion requires particular attention; this has proved less difficult than it sounds, but it requires a team of helpers.The prone position may improve oxygenation and enhance removal of secretion in patients with respiratory failure, but prospective randomised trials are needed to define the real efficacy of this approach.
Cerebrovascular accidents after percutaneous coronary interventions: Incidence, predictors, and outcomes
Authors: Srinivas Dukkipati, Datinder Deo, H. Mehrdad Sadeghi, Michael W. Yerkey, Judith A. Boura, Beth A. Bartholomew, Kishore Harjai, William W. O'Neill, Joel K. Kahn, William Beaumont
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Treatment of Hyperuricemia
Authors: William MacMillian Rodney
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I appreciated the comments made by John H. Talbott, MD, on psoriasis-associated gouty hyperuricemia (242:1193-1197, 1979). Aside from what appears to be a typographical error in the probenecid dosage (0.5 g, rather than the stated 0.5 mg), the rate of urinary uric acid excretion may provide further information useful to the selection of an appropriate agent. Twenty-four hour rates of greater than 600 mg may predispose these patients to increased risk for renal urolithiasis when receiving therapy with uricosuric agents.<sup>1</sup>Patients with gout may have an eightfold risk increase for stone development when compared with normal subjects.<sup>2</sup>Mild intermittent skin conditions may compare favorably with the joys of renal colic. In such a setting, therapy with allopurinol may be a desirable option. If the patient is a hypoexcretor of urinary uric acid, and skin reactions continue to be a problem, treatment with sulfinpyrazone, begun at
TCT-903 Incidence and Predictors of Left Bundle Branch Block after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Irene Franzoni, Azeem Latib, Marco Mussardo, Andrea Radinovic, Massimo Slavich, Francesco Sacco, Filippo Figini, Letizia Bertoldi, Chiara Bernelli, Tasuku Hasegawa, Micaela Cioni, Gill Louise Buchanan, Alaide Chieffo, Matteo Montorfano, Francesco Maisano, Ahmed Rezq, Sandeep Basavarajaiah, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
27. A Novel “Geneti-Chemical” Platform for Flexible and Efficient De- and Retargeting of Adenovirus Vector Particles
Authors: Florian Kreppel, Judith Gackowski, Erika Schmidt, Stefan Kochanek
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Modifying the tropism of adenoviral vectors to obtain retargeted particles usually involves modification of the vector genome to genetically incorporate retargeting epitopes. In many cases impaired vector production and limitations with respect to the epitope size have been the consequence. We developed a novel platform for specific covalent capsid modification by combining a genetic approach with cysteine-based chemical capsid modification techniques.
A New Aspect of Dry Pleurisy
Authors: J. Smart
Journal: BMJ (1942)

These trials are now in progress, and it is proposed to publish the results as a supplement to this paper at a later date. SummaryThe synthetic oestrogenic substances stilboestrol, dienoestrol, and hexoestrol were given orally to 134 patients in whom it was necessary to inhibit lactation: 81 received stilboestrol, 37 dien- oes'trol, and 16 hexoestrol.Ultimate success with regard to lactation was obtained in all cases, though in some there were breast symptoms.Forty-nine of the patients receiving stilboestrol, 15 of those receiving dien- oestrol, and 6 of those receiving hexoestrol were symptom-free.The symptoms complained of in the remainder amounted to no more than a slight fullness of the breasts or a temporary leakage of mil,c.These results stand in contrast to the older methods of treatment, with which very hard and painful breasts were often seen.The results were better when treatment was begun within one day of delivery than when it was started later.They were also better in patients in whom pregnancy had advanced beyond 32 weeks than in those in the earlier months of pregnancy.Cases of pregnancy terminating at between 20 and 28 weeks were especially difficult to treat.After stopping treatment on the fifth day the breasts filled up in about a quarter of the cases, and further treatment was neces- sary, but ultimate success was achieved in every case.Three patients with engorged breasts were successfully treated for this condition while lactation continued normally.In the dosage tried stilboestrol was more effective than hexoestrol.Dienoestrol is a very potent oestrogenic substance, and success was achieved with one-tenth of the dose required in the case of stilboestrol.No ill effects from the treatment were noted, apart from complaints of transient nausea in 3 patients.Synthetic oestrogenic substances are valuable for the inhibition of lactation and for the treatment of engorged breasts.They are cheap and effective, and are easily given by mouth.The supplies of dienoestrol used in these tests were provided through the Therapeutic Trials Committee of the Medical Research Council by Messrs. Boots Pure Drug Co. Ltd., the British Drug Houses Ltd., and the Glaxo Laboratories Ltd.The British Drug Houses Ltd.
England's mental and community health services face deeper cuts than hospitals
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Providers of community and mental health services in England have complained of unfair treatment after new rules were published imposing stricter financial terms on them in 2014-15 than for acute care trusts.

NHS England and the sector regulator Monitor, which are now jointly responsible for setting the tariff under which providers in England are paid, have spared acute trusts from deeper cuts because, they argued, hospitals faced an additional £150m (€180m; $250m) of costs to meet the recommendations of reports by Robert Francis QC and Bruce Keogh, the NHS’s medical director, which do not apply to non-acute trusts.

In their report on the national tariff payment system for 2014-15, NHS England and Monitor explained that the NHS as a whole had to make savings …
Abstract A54: Evaluation of effect of metformin and its various combinations on epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Seema Patel, Neeta Singh
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background &amp; objectives: Ovarian cancer is the third most common cause of cancer in Indian women, the most common being epithelial type. Most patients relapse within 1-2 years of treatment and develop resistance to chemotherapy. The identification of new drugs with ability to resensitise ovarian cancer cells to existing chemotherapy has become a major challenge. In this study we have attempted to evaluate the effect of metformin (an antidiabetic drug) in ovarian cancer as it has shown promising effects in other solid tumours. Methods: Primary culture of ovarian cancer cells was established from ascitic fluid of untreated ovarian cancer patients. The cells were treated with carboplatin, paclitaxel and metformin alone and their various combinations and their ability to induce apoptosis seen. In vitro drug dosage was established using the MTT assay. The control and treated cells were then analysed by flowcytometry. Results: The mean percentage apoptosis in untreated control cells was 4.9 %( range from4-8%), with metformin for 48 hrs was 12.7 %( 9-16.8%), carboplatin 14.2% (9.9-20%), paclitaxel 16.06% (10-20.5%) , metformin and carboplatin 20.2% (12-28.4%), metformin and paclitaxel 26% (18.2-29%), carboplatin and paclitaxel 22.2% (16-27.3%), metformin carboplatin, paclitaxel combination 49% (46-55%)i.e. maximum. Interpretation &amp; conclusions: Metformin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of primary ovarian cancer cells culture. At the cellular level, metformin interferes with cell cycle leading to G0/G1 or S phase arrest. Besides its anti-neoplastic activity as a single agent, metformin treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel demonstrated increase apoptosis as compared to single agents alone offering its potential as a therapeutic agent with carboplatin and paclitaxel for epithelial ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Seema Patel, Neeta Singh. Evaluation of effect of metformin and its various combinations on epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A54.
Peripheral airway obstruction in primary pulmonary hypertension
Authors: F J Meyer
Journal: Thorax (2002)

<b>Background:</b> As there is controversy about changes in lung function in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), lung mechanics were assessed with a focus on expiratory airflow in relation to pulmonary haemodynamics. <b>Methods:</b> A cross sectional study was performed in 64 controls and 171 patients with PPH (117 women) of mean (SD) age 45 (13) years, pulmonary artery pressure (PAPmean) 57 (15) mm Hg, and pulmonary vascular resistance 1371 (644) dyne.s/cm<sup>5</sup>. <b>Results:</b> Mean (SD) total lung capacity was similar in patients with PPH and controls (98 (12)% predicted <i>v</i> 102 (17)% predicted, mean difference –4 (95% confidence interval (CI) –7.89 to –0.11); residual volume (RV) was increased (118 (24)% predicted <i>v</i> 109 (27)% predicted, mean difference 9 (95% CI 1.86 to 16.14); and vital capacity (VC) was decreased (91 (16)% predicted <i>v</i> 102 (10)% predicted, mean difference –11 (95% CI 15.19 to –6.80). RV/TLC was increased (117 (27)% predicted <i>v</i> 97 (29)% predicted, mean difference 20 (95% CI 12.3 to 27.8)) and correlated with PAPmean (<i>r</i>=0.31, p&lt;0.001). In patients with PAPmean above the median of 56 mm Hg, RV/TLC was further increased (125 (32)% predicted <i>v</i> 111 (22)% predicted, mean difference –14 (95% CI –22.2 to –5.8)). Expiratory flow-volume curves were reduced and curvilinear in patients with PPH. <b>Conclusions:</b> Peripheral airway obstruction is common in PPH and is more pronounced in severe disease. This may contribute to symptoms. Reversibility of bronchodilation and relation to exercise capacity need further evaluation.
Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) health: a new programme to facilitate LMIC research capacity
Authors: Callie Raulfs-Wang, Cameron Bess, Robert Gasior, Kathleen Handley, James Herrington, Elizabeth Higgs, Vesna Kutlesic, Sybil Phillip, Elizabeth Sharp, Annica Wayman
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2014)

BackgroundThe Partnership for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) Health programme, funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), is a new research partnership programme that directly supports researchers from developing countries as Principal Investigators in partnership with collaborators at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The goals of this programme are threefold: (1) to advance critical evidence to address crucial health challenges facing LMICs; (2) to support collaboration and build on existing relationships between local public health and research institutions, global health practitioners, host country government, NIH researchers, and USAID Missions and Embassy staff; and (3) to build capacity by supporting researchers in LMICs thereby enabling local solutions to context specific challenges.MethodsMore than 180 preproposals from 25 LMICs were submitted to the first PEER Health research solicitation focused on Child Survival. After consultation with USAID Missions to ensure relevance to host country health priorities, about 80 applicants were invited to submit a full proposal. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development organised a special emphasis panel for the scientific review of PEER Health full proposals to address both scientific merit and research capacity building aspects of the grant proposals, whilst maintaining key elements of the standard NIH peer review model. 40 experienced NIH reviewers, representing a wide variety of scientific disciplines and global public health experience, did the peer review of grants using a novel IT system developed for the PEER Health initiative. The National Academies of Sciences hosted an interagency protocol review to ensure scientific validity and compliance with international human subject guidelines.FindingsSixteen diverse grant partnerships were awarded in ten USAID Child Survival priority countries in Africa and Asia. Research funded under this programme is varied and includes studies from diverse topical areas, including malaria, neonatal sepsis, breast-feeding, tuberculosis, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, among others. Studies include investigation of both facility and community level interventions. NIH partners are largely US based and half are support by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID).InterpretationBroad interest in this novel programme and applications from 25 countries show a crucial need for more directed funding for research strengthening and partnerships with LMIC Principal Investigators.FundingUSAID, in-kind support from NIH.
Darier's disease: a kindred with a large number of cases
Authors: ARTHUR L. BECK, ALFRED F. FINOCCHIO, JAMES P. WHITE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Over 70 cases of keratosis follicularis (Darier's disease) were noted in a study of a single kindred consisting of more than 200 individuals. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews and physical examinations. Results strongly support an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance since the ratio of affected to unaffected members was I:I and there were nearly equal numbers of males and females with this condition. Large sibships were common in this kindred, which extended over seven generations, and most of the affected individuals were located in the southwestern New York-northwestern Pennsylvania region of the United States.
Absence of mouse 2B4 promotes NK cell–mediated killing of activated CD8+ T cells, leading to prolonged viral persistence and altered pathogenesis
Authors: Stephen N. Waggoner, Ruth T. Taniguchi, Porunelloor A. Mathew, Vinay Kumar, Raymond M. Welsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Persistent viral infections are often associated with inefficient T cell responses and sustained high-level expression of inhibitory receptors, such as the NK cell receptor 2B4 (also known as CD244), on virus-specific T cells. However, the role of 2B4 in T cell dysfunction is undefined, and it is unknown whether NK cells contribute to regulation of these processes. We show here that persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of mice lacking 2B4 resulted in diminished LCMV-specific CD8+ T cell responses, prolonged viral persistence, and spleen and thymic pathologies that differed from those observed in infected wild-type mice. Surprisingly, these altered phenotypes were not caused by 2B4 deficiency in T cells. Rather, the entire and long-lasting pathology and viral persistence were regulated by 2B4-deficient NK cells acting early in infection. In the absence of 2B4, NK cells lysed activated (defined as CD44hi) but not naive (defined as CD44lo) CD8+ T cells in a perforin-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. These results illustrate the importance of NK cell self-tolerance to activated CD8+ T cells and demonstrate how an apparent T cell-associated persistent infection can actually be regulated by NK cells.
Allergy and Secretory Otitis Media
Authors: John P. McGovern
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Secretory otitis media is a frequent occurrence in atopic individuals with upper-respiratory tract allergy. An analysis of data from 512 patients with allergy and secretory otitis media, as well as review of the pertinent literature, indicates that this is a disease process wherein no single causative factor consistently can be implicated, that it likely is often a reaction pattern from multiple causes, but an underlying diathesis to allergy would be high on the list as a predisposing or etiologic factor. Data in this report show that no single method of treatment is consistently effective, but best results are obtained only when one identifies, treats, or removes the specific etiologic factors. Failure to recognize the allergic quantum and institute proper therapy early in this disease process likely explains many therapeutic failures and subsequent frequent and serious complications.
Progressive and Late Obstruction of an Aorto-Coronary Venous Bypass Graft
Authors: CLAUDE M. GRONDIN, CLAUDE MEERE, YVES CASTONGUAY, GILLES LEPAGE, PIERRE GRONDIN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Progressive late obstruction of an aorto-coronary venous bypass graft is reported in a 44-year-old man who died of bi-ventricular failure 114 days after surgery. The first portion of the vein graft had a residual lumen of one mm. Histology showed marked intimal fibrosis. Mechanism for this occlusion and fibrosis is unclear. This representsc the first documented case of late obstruction of an aorto-coronary bypass graft with angiographic evidence of early postoperative patency.
The Discovery of Insulin: The Rochester, New York, Connection
Authors: Ralph Madeb, Leonidas G. Koniaris, Seymour I. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

The discovery of insulin in Toronto by Dr. Frederick G. Banting and colleagues has been well chronicled. The story of how insulin therapy was introduced into the United States has been less detailed. The first patient to be treated with insulin in the United States resided in Rochester, New York, a city with a then newly developed medical school that had also tried to recruit Dr. Banting. A series of letters from that period provides a description of the course of a juvenile patient with diabetes before and after the use of insulin as a therapeutic agent.
The Erythrocyte in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Abraham E. Finkelstein, Gregory Kwok, Arthur P. Hall, Theodore B. Bayles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

STUDIES of the microcirculation in the bulbar conjunctiva of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have shown patterns of blood flow not seen in normal persons.1 2 3 These changes are characterized by a slowing of blood flow and an aggregation of intravascular erythrocytes. It has been well established also that the serums of most patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain a factor or factors that will agglutinate particles coated with aggregated gamma globulin.4 While these observations on intravascular erythrocyte aggregation were being confirmed in this laboratory an apparent correlation was noted between the degree of intravascular aggregation and the titer of the latex-fixation test: . . .
Diagnosing maxillary sinusitis.
Authors: J. W. Fairley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

to sedate children that have stood the test not only of scientific investigation but also of time.Morphine, barbiturates, and the more recent additions such as fentanyl and alfentanil have all been used in critically ill patients without major problems."As propofol does not have a licence for use as an infusion in children and, at best, scientific investigation suggets that it may be detrimental in critically ill children, it seems mandatorv that this drug is not used routinely for sedating children in intensive therapy units.Cook should realise that if we use drugs before scientific investigation has shown them to be safe we have only ourselves to blame if they are later shown to cause problems.
Feasible Method to Successfully Uncover a Urothelial Carcinoma in the Urinary Bladder on the FDG PET/CT Scan Masked by Physiological Urine Radioactivity
Authors: Yeh-You Shen, Chia-Hung Kao, Li-Hao Yeh, Guang-Dar Juang, Ji-An Liang, Te-Chun Hsieh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 71-year-old man asked for a F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) scan for follow-up of the renal cell carcinoma of right kidney after nephrectomy 2 years ago. Except for normal radioactivity outside the urinary system, however, a CT abnormality in the urinary bladder was noted but its character of metabolic activity was interfered with by the abundant physiological urine FDG radioactivity. After a simple procedure with intravenous administration of diuretics and asking the patient to hold his urine, the lesion emerged as an area of focal intense radioactivity after the dilute effect of the urine. The subsequent histologic examination via the cystoscopic biopsy revealed papillary urothelial carcinoma.
Adult-onset Still's disease complicated by hypercalcaemia: possible relationship with rapidly destructive polyarthritis.
Authors: J M Wouters, P G Froeling, L B van de Putte
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

A 34-year-old man with adult-onset Still9s disease developed a striking hypercalcaemia during a rapidly destructive polyarthritis with extensive osteoporosis. The hypercalcaemia seemed to be primarily caused by inflammation-induced bone resorption. On prednisone the polyarthritis went into remission and the plasma calcium levels became normal. Other remarkable features in this case were a subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint, a brain-stem haemorrhage, transient hyperuricaemia and hyperuricosuria, and urolithiasis.
117 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A new prognostic score predicting disease-free survival
Authors: T. Decaens, C. Duvoux, S. Hadni-Bresson, C. Meyer, J. Gugenheim, F. Durand, P.H. Bernard, O. Boillot, K. Boudjema, Y. Calmus, J. Hardwigsen, C. Ducerf, G. Pageaux, S. Dharancy, O. Chazoullières, D. Dhumeaux, D. Cherqui, F. Roudot-Thoraval
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)