tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metalloproteinases are produced during dengue fever and MMP9 is associated with severity
Authors: Claire F. Kubelka, Elzinandes L. Azeredo, Mariana Gandini, Luzia M. Oliveira-Pinto, Luciana Santos Barbosa, Paulo V. Damasco, Carlos A.L. Ávila, Ana Rita C. Motta-Castro, Rivaldo V. Cunha, Oswaldo G. Cruz
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
Gene marking to determine whether autologous marrow infusion restores long-term haemopoiesis in cancer patients
Authors: M.K. Brenner, V.M. Santana, D.R. Rill, M.S. Holladay, H.E. Heslop, M. Buschle, R.A. Krance, R.C. Moen, W.F. Anderson, J.N. Ihle
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Radiotherapy for renal-cell carcinoma
Authors: Gert De Meerleer, Vincent Khoo, Bernard Escudier, Steven Joniau, Alberto Bossi, Piet Ost, Alberto Briganti, Valérie Fonteyne, Marco Van Vulpen, Nicolaas Lumen, Martin Spahn, Marc Mareel
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)
Abstract A52: Vimentin serves as a signaling scaffold at focal adhesion sites to regulate lung cancer cell adhesion
Authors: Lauren Havel, Adam I. Marcus
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Vimentin is a dynamic type III intermediate filament that is overexpressed in various cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is a classic biomarker for highly invasive tumors and is associated with increased likelihood of metastasis and poor survival. Vimentin filaments are dynamic and localize to focal adhesions, where they assemble and disassemble to promote cell migration. Our data show that vimentin depletion reduces cell adhesion and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK); therefore, we hypothesize that vimentin acts through FAK to regulate cell adhesion and metastasis. We show that vimentin filaments enter pFAK- and pSrc-positive focal adhesion sites, and upon vimentin depletion, pFAK, pSrc and total FAK levels decrease. To explore the mechanism behind this observation, we performed a phospho-proteomic screen for proteins whose phosphorylation is altered upon vimentin loss. One of the identified proteins was a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that regulates rac1. We show that vimentin loss leads to GEF mis-localization and downstream rac1 inactivation. Furthermore, inactivation of the GEF itself resulted in aberrant cellular adhesion and loss of pFAK. Based upon this data, we propose that vimentin serves as a signaling scaffold to regulate FAK via a rac1-GEF interaction. This work provides insight into the mechanism by which vimentin affects cell adhesion and potentially NSCLC metastasis. Citation Format: Lauren Havel, Adam I. Marcus. Vimentin serves as a signaling scaffold at focal adhesion sites to regulate lung cancer cell adhesion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A52.
Immunopathology of Follicular Lymphomas
Authors: Daniel B. Brubaker, Theresa L. Whiteside
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

To the Editor: In their article in the March 2 issue of the Journal Warnke and Levy propose that reactive lymphoid follicles can be differentiated from lymphoma nodules by the characterization of immunoglobulin light chains in direct immunofluorescence. There are several arguments against this approach. First of all, some lymphomas may be biclonal rather than monoclonal.1 For example, we recently studied a lymphoid lung mass from a patient with well differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma containing two populations of cytologically identical cells: one consisted of IgMκ cells that formed EA but not EAC rosettes, and the other IgGλ cells positive for EAC . . .
Controlling Medical Care Costs in Canada
Authors: Morris L. Barer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Canadian experience has taken on increasing importance in the United States as Americans continue to wrestle with physician cost increases well in excess of those to the north. Fee levels in the United States have risen much more rapidly than those in Canada since at least 1960, while per capita utilization has increased somewhat faster in Canada. On balance, the relative importance of fee levels in the comparative cost experience has outstripped that of per capita utilization.<sup>1,2</sup> But the "Canadian experience" has also shown itself to embody 10 unique provincial experiences. The difference in costs for physicians in Canada and the United States from 1971 through 1985 would have been far more, or far less, dramatic if the Canadian experience had mirrored that in Quebec, or that in British Columbia, respectively.<sup>1</sup>In his article in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Hughes<sup>3</sup>updates and extends these previous comparative analyses.
Effects of short-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) on delayed hypersensitivity in the guinea-pig
Authors: J. AUSTAD, NILS-JORGEN MORK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Guinea-pigs, previously sensitized to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), were exposed to varying doses of UV-C radiation (254 nm) on one of the flanks for a period of 15 days. They were then patch-tested with DNCB immediately after UV treatment. The responses to DNCB were diminished both in the irradiated and non-irradiated skin compared with control animals which had not received UV-C radiation. This effect was dose dependent and could only be demonstrated for a limited period of time. Guinea-pig exposed to UV-C radiation did not show a decreased response to sodium lauryl sulphate, which is a potent irritant. The influence of UV-C on delayed hypersensitivity therefore seems to be an immunological effect.
Concentrations of natural rubber latex (NRL) allergens Hev b1, 3, 5 and 602 in NRL gloves capable of causing positive skin prick test (SPT) reactions in NRL-allergic subjects
Authors: Timo Palosuo, Kristiina Turjanmaa, Vladimir Ovod, Tytti Kärkkäinen, Katja Frisk, Harri Tapio Alenius, Timo Reunala, Markku Kulomaa, Nisse Kalkkinen, Hely Reinikka-Railo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Live Virus Vaccines Against Poliomyelitis
Authors: Hilary Koprowski
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I think that the medical profession is entitled to a more accurate analysis of the current status of live virus vaccines against poliomyelitis than it could derive from the announcement made on Aug. 24 by the Surgeon General of theU. S. Public Health Service which endorses only the set of strains developed by Dr. Albert Sabin as acceptable for licensing. The decision, we are told, was based on a lesser degree of neurovirulence in monkeys for the Sabin strains compared to the other candidate strains in tests performed by the Division of Biologies Standards of the National Institute of Health. The following Table summarizes published results of neurovirulence tests in monkeys injected either intracerebrally or intramuscularly by the personnel of the Division of Biologies Standards of the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, with the Sabin and Koprowski type 1 strains. The same Table also shows comparative results obtained with Sabin's type 1 strain injected into monkeys in Dr. Melnick's laboratory in Houston.
Early Anterior Fusion for Cervical Spine Injury
Authors: Charles B. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In advocating and performing early anterior cervical fusion for fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine, our major objective is immediate mechanical stability. Prevention of chronic instability and kyphotic deformity, while an advantage of the early operation, is not our primary aim. Early mechanical stability was achieved immediately in 29 to 31 patients. It was achieved after a second operation in one of the two remaining patients, and after four weeks of bedrest without traction in the other. Immediate spinal fixation greatly simplifies nursing care, regardless of the patient's neurological status. Active rehabilitation is instituted soon after operation even for the quadriplegic patient who ordinarily is taken for physical therapy in the second week after injury. Mortality is certainly no greater than that from tong traction, and we now believe that it may be lower in the surgical group. The morbidity attending traction and plaster fixation is certainly reduced.
Academic medicine: who is it for?
Authors: Benjamin G Druss, Steven C Marcus
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Editor—The campaign to promote academic medicine represents an important effort to deal with the many challenges facing international clinical research.1 Particularly, since this campaign is led by a group of academic publishers, asking if or how these challenges have been reflected in the biomedical literature is worth while. To investigate this issue, we examined all 8.1 million articles indexed in Medline between 1994 and 2001, comparing three eras: 1978-85, 1986-93, and 1994-2001.

The proportion of studies including human subjects (the most common proxy for clinical research) increased significantly during the study period from 62.6% to 68.8% (P < 0.001). While absolute rates of funding rose over time for both groups, they increased more rapidly for studies not involving human subjects, leading to a widening funding gap between these papers and clinical manuscripts (table). By the final study era (1994-2001), more than two thirds of clinical publications still reported no funding source, as compared with less than one third of basic science articles. Both this absolute difference and the change over time were highly significant (P < 0.001).



Table 1

Proportions (percentages) of unfunded clinical and basic science articles (n=8 123 392)



This analysis provides a mixed prognosis on the health of clinical research as reflected in the biomedical literature. On the one hand, there are indications of a robust and expanding body of publications involving human subjects. On the other hand, there seems to be a large and growing funding gap between clinical and basic research. While academic medical centres have historically cross subsidised clinical research through other revenue streams, these strategies have become increasingly untenable in the current health delivery environment.2,3 If we are to preserve the vitality of the clinical research enterprise, we must work to ensure that funding keeps pace with the need for high quality clinical evidence.
The genomic structure of human V beta 6 T cell antigen receptor genes.
Authors: Y Li, P Szabo, D N Posnett
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Six genomic clones were characterized containing members of the human V beta 6 subfamily of T cell antigen receptor genes. There were four major findings. (a) New V beta genes were discovered, including V beta 6.10, V beta 13.4, V beta 13.5, and V beta 5.5. (b) Members of the V beta 13, V beta 6, and V beta 5 subfamilies cluster together in the V beta locus and may have evolved through multiple duplication events of an ancestral cassette containing V beta 13-V beta 6-V beta 5 genes. These V beta subfamilies are used by an estimated one-third of T cells in humans and probably represent a highly useful component of the V beta repertoire. (c) The promoters of V beta 13, V beta 6, and V beta 5 genes contain conserved decamer motifs, but discrete differences were observed between promoters of different V beta subfamilies, raising the question of different transcriptional control depending on V beta subfamily usage. (d) The new V beta 6.10 gene is probably a pseudogene, which may have been inactivated due to retrotransposition of Alu elements into its promoter region, a mutation affecting a highly conserved cysteine residue or mutations of the 3' recombinase signal sequence.
A real toothache
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2009)

“No fillings!” the dentist beamed. This was odd, as six months ago I had been told that I needed four fillings, but I had moved before treatment. How could this be? I am of the generation whose mouths are full of black amalgam. To us, orthodontists were mythical creatures, and we believed that the Osmonds’ teeth were so perfect they must be false. Today dental care in Britain is in trouble, with limited access for many and the rest suffering the excesses of private practice. The Tories are …
Principles of brain tissue engineering
Authors: William J. Freed, Thressa D. Smith
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract It is often presumed that effects of neural tissue transplants are due to release of neurotransmitter. In many cases, however, effects attributed to transplants may be related to phenomena such as trophic effects mediated by glial cells or even tissue reactions to injury. Any conclusion regarding causation of graft effects must be based on the control groups or other comparisons used. In human clinical studies, for example, comparing the same subject before and after transplantation allows for many interpretations of the causes of clinical changes.
The Widening Scope of American Medical Missions
Authors: Henry P. Pendergrass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IF physical effort, number of participants and financial support can serve as indicators, medical missionary activity, so far in the second half of the twentieth century, is greater, more fashionable and perhaps more effective than ever before. Project HOPE in Peru is presented as one example of the current interest in this field, and the results of its endeavors are discussed in historical perspective.Christian churches discovered, at an early date, that medicine was the key that unlocked the doors of many countries that otherwise would have been closed to them. As true today as in 1899 are the following . . .
Study questions benefits of immediate hormone therapy after menopause
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Background: </b> REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by vigorous sleep motor activity associated with dream mentation. Patients with RBD frequently report action-filled and violent dreams. <b>Objective: </b> To systematically assess dream characteristics and daytime aggressiveness in patients with RBD and controls. <b>Methods: </b> Forty-nine patients with polysomnographic-confirmed RBD diagnosis and 71 age- and sex-matched controls were asked to recall the most recent dreams and to complete the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Forty-one patients with RBD (81.6%; 36 men, 5 women; mean age: 67.5 ± 7.5 years) and 35 controls (49.3%; 30 men, 5 women; mean age: 69.1 ± 5.9 years) were able to remember their dreams and a total of 98 (RBD) and 69 (controls) dreams were collected in the two groups. Verbatim dream descriptions were scored and analyzed according to the Hall and Van De Castle method. <b>Results: </b> Patients with RBD showed a higher percentage of dream with at least one aggressive episode (DWA) than controls (66% vs 15%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.00001), a higher aggression/friendliness interaction ratio (86% vs 44%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and a greater frequency of animal characters (19% vs 4%; <i>p</i> = 0.0001). In contrast to controls, no patient with RBD had dreams with elements of sexuality (0% vs 9%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). The two groups did not differ in total AQ scores, except for a lower score on the physical aggressiveness subscale in patients with RBD compared to control subjects (16.5 ± 6.4 vs 20.4 ± 8.3; <i>p</i> = 0.034). No correlation was observed between dream aggressiveness and age, duration, or frequency of RBD symptoms. <b>Conclusions: </b> Dreams in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder were characterized by an elevated proportion of aggressive contents, despite normal levels of daytime aggressiveness. Dreams with aggressiveness and the known excessive phasic muscle activity during REM sleep may be related to the hyperactivity of a common neuronal generator.
Trials Reveal Promising Options for Treating Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IS OFTEN considered a condition of aging, as depicted in pharmaceutical ads of middle-aged and older adults seeking to maintain active lifestyles without joint pain. But the disease is also an important cause of disability among children in the United States. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, now also called juvenile idiopathic arthritis, is not regarded as hereditary and rarely affects more than one family member. While little is known about its causes, clinical trials are revealing promising treatment options using drugs that target specific components of the inflammatory pathway and that have previously been shown to be effective in adults. Results from several of these studies were presented recently at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Annual Scientific Meeting in Boston.
Residency Programs in Internal Medicine
Authors: SIDNEY H. WEISSMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1988Residency Programs in Internal MedicineSIDNEY H. WEISSMAN, M.D.SIDNEY H. WEISSMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-4-636_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Graettinger (1) documents the decline in interest in careers in internal medicine of current United States medical graduates. From 1985 to 1987 there was a 12.7% decline in the number of students who entered 3-year general internal medicine programs through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) (1). Graettinger argues that internal medicine must reexamine its position in medicine and revise and enhance its medical school clerkship programs to reverse this trend. Failure to take essential remedial action will lead to an increased reliance on graduates of schools not accredited by the Liaison Committee for Foreign Medical Education...References1. GRAETTINGER J. Internal medicine in the National Resident Matching Program 1987: the ides of March. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:101-15. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Medical education in the United States 1975-1976: Section II. Undergraduate medical education. JAMA. 1976;236:2957-66. Google Scholar3. CROWLEYETZELPETERSEN ASE. Undergraduate medical education. JAMA. 1987;258:1013-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. . The future internist. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:139-41. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center Chicago, IL 60616 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1988Volume 108, Issue 4Page: 636-636KeywordsGraduate medical educationMedical educationResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
IMPORTANCE OF PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF NEUTROPHIL TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Jin-Sun Park, Kyoung Woo Seo, Hong-Seok Lim, Byoung-Joo Choi, So-Yeon Choi, Myeong-Ho Yoon, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Seung Jea Tahk, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Infantile scurvy: the centenary of Barlow's disease.
Authors: P R Evans
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Abstract: An historical survey reviews the occurrence of infantile scurvy over the past 3 centuries, briefly describing the clear exposition of the disease, its cause, and cure by Sir Thomas Barlow at the age of 37. Barlow first narrated a typical case of a 1.5 year-old child, analyzed symptoms in 12 other cases, and added 19 reported by other investigators. In 1897, Britain's Surgeon General's catalog listed 54 references to Barlow's disease. Barlow noted that breastfed infants did not get scurvy, that meat and cow's milk were antiscorbutic (but less so than vegetables), and that the antiscorbutic potency was destroyed by heating. On his 90th birthday, Barlow was presented with a special copy of a text devoted entirely to the condition that he had described over 50 years earlier. (wz)
Intravenous Penicillin Desensitization and Treatment During Pregnancy
Authors: Paul R. Ziaya
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Untreated syphilis during pregnancy may result in stillbirth in one fourth of cases, while in infants who survive, there may be serious immediate and delayed manifestations. Penicillin is the drug of choice for treating both mother and fetus. We describe a woman with an allergy against both major and minor determinants of penicillin in whom syphilis was diagnosed on routine obstetric screening. Her obstetric history included one vaginal delivery at term and four subsequent spontaneous abortions at 12 to 16 weeks. The patient underwent desensitization utilizing graduated intravenous doses of penicillin followed by treatment with a constant infusion for eight days. She experienced no serious allergic reactions requiring alteration of therapy. We conclude that antibiotic desensitization may be a safe alternative during pregnancy if performed with careful monitoring. In this case, it allowed use of penicillin rather than less desirable alternatives.
Abstract 5024: Effects of aerobic training to improve cardiovascular function and prevent cardiac remodeling after cytotoxic therapy in early breast cancer
Authors: Lee Jones, Vernon Dolinsky, Mark Haykowsky, Ian Patterson, Lee Jones, Jason Allen, Jessica Scott, Kyle Rogan, Michael Khouri, Whitney Hornsby, Martin Young, Jeffrey Peppercorn, Gretchen Kimmick, Jason Dyck
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: It is well-established that doxorubicin (DOX)-containing chemotherapy causes progressive cardiomyopathy clinically manifest as decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The effects of DOX on the other organ components of oxygen (O2) transport and utilization that govern global aerobic reserve capacity are poorly characterized. Methods and Results: To test our research questions, we established a mouse model of DOX in which female mice were subjected to DOX (8mg.kg.wk-1) or placebo (CON) (0.9% saline) for 4 weeks. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular wall thickness, volumes and LVEF, determined from M-mode tracings at baseline and 8 weeks. As expected, LV systolic volumes were higher and fractional shortening and LVEF were lower in the DOX group compared to CON after 8 weeks (p's &amp;lt;0.05). There was no change in effective arterial elastance (i.e. peripheral resistance, total lumped vascular compliance and characteristic impedance) following DOX however these mice had significantly decreased expression of proteins responsible for oxidative phosphorylation / mitochondrial biogenesis in the solelus muscle relative to CON mice (p&amp;lt;0.05). Injury to O2 transport organs led to significant reductions in global aerobic capacity (as measured by time to exhaustion on a motorized treadmill) in DOX compared with CON animals (p&amp;lt;0.05). Next, we tested whether aerobic training could prevent DOX-induced injury. Mice were subjected treadmill running, 5 d.wk-1, 18m.min-1, 45 mins/session for 8 wks during concurrent DOX (8mg.kg.wk-1) therapy (DOX+AT), DOX (8mg.kg.wk-1) only, or CON (0.9% saline). DOX-induced injury was completely abrogated by chronic aerobic training, which prevented injury in all organ components of O2 transport / utilization cumulating in preserved aerobic capacity. In patients with newly diagnosed operable breast cancer (n=20), DOX-containing chemotherapy caused a significant decline in aerobic capacity (p&amp;lt;0.05) despite normal LVEF and endothelial function. Supervised aerobic training completely averted this effect. Conclusions: Our findings have important implications for the identification and protection against DOX-induced acute and late-occurring injury as well as optimizing therapeutic dosing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5024. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5024