tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatrists analyze their present problems, project a bright future
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Anxiety about the future of psychiatry was balanced by acceptance of some need for changing its practice among many of the 5,100 members who attended the annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) held recently in Los Angeles. These concerns were addressed particularly at a symposium entitled "1984 and Beyond: Psychiatry Encounters the Future," chaired by Judd E. Marmor, MD, Franz Alexander Professor of Psychiatry Emeritus, University of Southern California School of Medicine, and adjunct professor of psychiatry, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles. Marmor told a large audience that "the shadow of George Orwell's novel<i>1984</i>looms" over psychiatrists. "Our profession is being increasingly subjected to challenging criticism," he said, "by those who see psychotherapy, somatic therapies, and psychiatric hospitalization as constituting an ominous threat to the freedom of the human spirit and as harbingers of 'thought police.' " However, Marmor added: "Of greater concern are others,
Histoplasmosis With Hypercalcemia, Renal Failure, and Papillary Necrosis
Authors: James V. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 56-year-old man with a three-month history of fever, malaise, anorexia, mental confusion, and weight loss had hypercalcemia and azotemia. The chest roentgenogram was normal. Biopsy material removed 2 1/2 years previously showed noncaseating granulomas. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed, and prednisone was administered. Fever persisted, and the patient died 49 days after admission. Postmortem examination showed evidence of extensive disseminated histoplasmosis, interstitial nephritis, and papillary necrosis. This communication emphasizes the difficulty in diagnosing the etiology of disseminated, noncaseating granulomatous disease.
Keratin 16 expression in epidermal melanocytes
Authors: J. Bhawan, K. Whren, I. Panova, M. Yaar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Keratin 16 expression in epidermal melanocytes Get access J. Bhawan, J. Bhawan Dermatopathology SectionDepartment of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. E‐mail: jbhawan@bu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Whren, K. Whren Dermatopathology SectionDepartment of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. E‐mail: jbhawan@bu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Panova, I. Panova Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. E‐mail: jbhawan@bu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Yaar M. Yaar Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. E‐mail: jbhawan@bu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Page 218, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09523.x Published: 01 January 2010
Four Health Care Reforms for 2009
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Prospects for the enactment of some reform look good, but comprehensive, sustainable reform of the health care system must wait for another day. Republican support for President Barack Obama's ambitious agenda is fading fast, if it ever existed. An imaginative, truly bipartisan approach that moves the system away from employer-sponsored insurance — the Wyden–Bennett plan — has failed to gain any traction. Within the Democratic majority, sharp disagreements in each house, and between the House and Senate, do not augur well for coherent legislation, even if political compromises can be struck.Disappointment with the reaction of some of the public . . .
Ga-67 Accumulation in Inguinal Hernia Mimicking Lymph Nodes in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: FATMA BERK, HAKAN DEMIR, OKAN ERDINCLER, SERKAN ISGOREN, CUMALI AKTOLUN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

BERK, FATMA M.D.; DEMIR, HAKAN M.D.; ERDINCLER, OKAN M.D.; ISGOREN, SERKAN M.D.; AKTOLUN, CUMALI M.D., M.S. Author Information
Genomics in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Guangchun Han, Jiya Sun, Jiajia Wang, Zhouxian Bai, Fuhai Song, Hongxing Lei
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2014)

Abstract Neurological disorders comprise a variety of complex diseases in the central nervous system, which can be roughly classified as neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. The basic and translational research of neurological disorders has been hindered by the difficulty in accessing the pathological center (i.e., the brain) in live patients. The rapid advancement of sequencing and array technologies has made it possible to investigate the disease mechanism and biomarkers from a systems perspective. In this review, recent progresses in the discovery of novel risk genes, treatment targets and peripheral biomarkers employing genomic technologies will be discussed. Our major focus will be on two of the most heavily investigated neurological disorders, namely Alzheimer’s disease and autism spectrum disorder.
Managing the National Health Service.
Authors: P Nairne
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The message is that a national health service is about far more than patients being healed or helped by doctors and nurses. It cannot be allowed to be simply a structure within which professionals are allowed to do what they like, spend what they like and generally behave like autonomous blocks of hermetically sealed professionalism. Yet that is precisely what it is. Health Service administration remains essentially a facilitating service for professionals that pays the bills and repairs the fabric (or not, as the case may be).
Sleep Disturbance and HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Authors: Donald M. Black
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  The National Cholesterol Education Program's treatment guidelines 1 have led to a substantial increase in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Lovastatin (Mevacor) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1987 and is now the most frequently prescribed hypolipidemic agent. 2 The recognized adverse effects of lovastatin have been mainly confined to reversible liver transaminase elevations and, rarely, myopathy. 3   Schaefer4 reported that nine (17.6%) of 51 patients taking lovastatin by prescription had decreased sleep of 1 to 3 hours, compared with none of 33 patients receiving another 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, in a clinical trial.  Study.—  We have assessed the prevalence of sleep disorders more systematically, using a standard questionnaire, in 409 hyperlipidemic patients (67% male) being treated by diet alone (n=102), receiving three different types of HMG CoA reductase inhibitor (lovastatin [n = 161], simvastatin [n = 47], and pravastatin [n = 45]), or
Extraskeletal Accumulation of Tc-99m HMDP in a Tuberculous Cold Abscess
Authors: FEYZI TAMGAC, G. BAILLET, E. ALPER, M. P. DELPORTE, J. L. MORETTI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A large and well-delineated area of increased uptake of Tc-99m HMDP in extrakeletal tissue is presented. This well-delineated scintigraphic lesion includes an extremely avid upper portion conforming to the right gluteal retion, lateral to the iliac bone. The lower portion of the lesion spreads down to the lower two-thirds of the right femur as a lower, but still higher uptake compared to skeletal tissue. The final diagonsis of this lesion was a tuberculous cold abscess that ws drained, and the therapy with a combitation of three drugs was started.
Neuregulin/erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 autocrine loop contributes to invasion and early recurrence of human hepatoma
Authors: Sen-Yung Hsieh, Jung-Ru He, Chih-Yun Hsu, Wan-Ju Chen, Rabindranath Bera, Kuo-Yang Lin, Tsung-Chieh Shih, Ming-Chin Yu, Yu-Jr Lin, Chee-Jen Chang, Wen-Hui Weng, Shiu-Fen Huang
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Intrahepatic metastasis is the primary cause of the high recurrence and poor prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, neither its molecular mechanisms nor markers for its prediction before hepatectomy have been identified. We recently revealed up-regulation of erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (ERBB3) in human HCC. Here we examined the clinical and biological significance of ERBB3 in HCC. Up-regulation of ERBB3 in HCC was strongly associated with male gender (P < 0.001), chronic hepatitis B (P = 0.002), microscopic vascular invasion (P = 0.034), early recurrence (P = 0.003), and worse prognosis (P = 0.004). Phosphorylated ERBB3 and its ligands [neuregulins (NRGs)] were detected in both HCC tissues and cells. Phosphorylation of ERBB3 could be induced by conditioned media of HCC cells and abolished by the pretreatment of conditioned media with anti-NRG antibodies or by the silencing of the endogenous NRG expression of the donor HCC cells. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was required for ERBB3 phosphorylation. The downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog pathways were primarily elicited by NRG1/ERBB3 signaling, whereas the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways were elicited by both epidermal growth factor/epidermal growth factor receptor and NRG1/ERBB3 signaling. The activation and silencing of ERBB3-dependent signaling had potent effects on both the migration and invasion of HCC cells, but neither had significant effects on the proliferation of HCC cells, tumor formation, or tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: The constitutive activation of ERBB3-dependent signaling via the NRG1/ERBB3 autocrine loop plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell motility and invasion, which contribute to intrahepatic metastasis and early recurrence of HCC. ERBB3 is a marker for the prediction of intrahepatic metastasis and early recurrence. ERBB3-dependent signaling is a candidate target for the treatment of microscopic vascular invasion and for the prevention of HCC recurrence. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;53:504-516) (This article firstt published online on January 18, 2011; the title has since changed; the correct version appears in print.
A Penicillin Shot Without Culturing the Child's Throat
Authors: Lewis W. Wannamaker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ENTHUSIASM for throat cultures varies widely among physicians in practice. Some rely solely and precariously on their clinical acumen. Although clinical findings are important in diagnosing streptococcal sore throat, they are not sufficiently distinctive to provide the basis for a foolproof diagnosis.<sup>1,2</sup>The batting average among experienced physicians in predicting which sore throats will be culture-positive for β-hemolytic streptococci is poor (only slightly better than 50% without cultures, about 75% if they have the advantage of culture results from other patients). Red throats are nonspecific. Exudate occurs frequently in streptococcal pharyngitis, but it may not appear until the second day and may also be found in viral infections. In infants, exudative pharyngitis is rarely streptococcal in cause. Anterior cervical nodes that are tender to palpation are one of the most reliable clinical indicators of streptococcal infection,<sup>3</sup>but they are not present in all patients. The rash we associate
ABC of Sports Medicine: Infections in sport
Authors: J C M Sharp
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The widening range of sports and the ever increasing number of participants have meant that almost every type of infection may be acquired, directly or indirectly, in the pursuit of sport.Though few if any of the more traditional sport associated infections, such as septic cuts, athletes foot, herpes gladiatorum, etc, have decreased in their occurrence, some new ones have recently emerged.Herpes has acquired an entirely new importance.There is also considerable concer regarding the possible risks of HIV infection while participating in sport, particularly in combat and contact sports where blood may be spilt.Increased attention has also been given to viral infections and their effect on athletic performance, and in particular to the debilitating effects of the K <_ j s *F1 ^, _ Epstein-Barr virus (glandular fever) and coxsackievirus B infections, both * Scrumpox (herpes, impetigo) * Wound infections (sepsis) * Tetanus * Waterborne (giardiasis, leptospirosis, etc) * Vectorborne (Lyme disease) * ?Hepatitis B? HIV * Malaria * Poliomyelitis * Rabies (worldwide) * "Travellers' diarrhoea" * Tuberculosis (worldwide) * TyphoidDespite intensive efforts towards eradication, malaria has been * Typhus (Far East and northern Australia) increasing in recent years in Africa, Asia, and South and Central America * Viral haemorrhagic fevers (including in parallel with resistance of the mosquito vector to insecticides.In areas of Lassa fever) (West Africa) South East Asia, South America, and Africa, strains of Plasmodium * Yellow fever falciparum have developed resistance to chloroquine and other drugs, presenting further problems in prophylaxis and treatment.
THE OUTPATIENT CLINIC
Authors: J. H. J. UPHAM
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The free outpatient clinic has become a recognized part of the modern social welfare program. Started originally as a philanthropic movement for the relief of the ambulatory indigent sick, it has developed into an integral part of the entire hospital plan and lost its identity as a separate charitable entity. At present there are four main functions of these clinics: First, they materially reduce the number of hospitalization days in that they permit the discharge of many convalescing patients who are able to return to the out-patient department for dressings or other follow-up treatment, where they can be taken care of at much less expense than by continued residence in the hospital. Second, through their service many patients are found who need hospitalization and are admitted to the hospital. While most of these enter the free wards, some surprisingly discover unsuspected funds for private rooms or pay wards. But whether
Increasing intra-abdominal pressure increases pressure, volume, and wall tension in esophageal varices
Authors: Angels Escorsell, Angels Ginès, Josep Llach, Joan C. García-Pagán, Josep M. Bordas, Jaume Bosch, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Many daily activities cause acute elevations of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). In portal hypertensive cirrhotic patients, increased IAP increases absolute portal pressure and azygos blood flow, suggesting that it may have detrimental consequences at the esophageal varices. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increased IAP on variceal pressure, size, and wall tension. Endosonography and a noninvasive endoscopic pressure gauge were used to measure variceal pressure, radius, wall tension, and volume in baseline conditions and after increasing IAP by 10 mm Hg using an inflatable girdle in 14 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Increasing IAP markedly increased variceal pressure (from 13.3 ± 4.2 to 17.4 ± 4.6 mm Hg; P = .0001) and radius (from 2.9 ± 1.0 to 3.9 ± 1.1 mm; P = .0001). Consequently, wall tension dramatically increased (from 38.7 ± 13.6 to 65.9 ± 23.8 mm Hg · mm, +78%; P = .0001). Variceal volume increased significantly from 1,264 ± 759 to 2,025 ± 1,129 mm 3 ( P = .0001). In conclusion, in portal hypertensive cirrhotic patients, increases in IAP have deleterious effects on variceal hemodynamics, markedly increasing the volume, pressure, and wall tension of the varices. Increases in IAP may contribute to the progressive dilatation that precedes the rupture of the varices in portal hypertension.
Right Middle Lobe Syndrome in Children
Authors: Harold I. Lecks
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There are several other aspects of this paper that warrant comment. These relate to the heterogeneity of Dees' patients in contrast to the atopic population studied by our group; to the high incidence of recurrence of atelectasis and frequent steroid administration in this patient population; to the failure of bronchoscopy to affect reexpansion of the pulmonary segment; to the prompt reexpansion of the area of collapse in many of these children; and finally to the progressive lessening of the frequency of the atelectasis with aging in the group with recurrence. Surgical intervention was never necessary in our patients, and James (<i>Quart J Med</i><b>25</b>:120, 1956), in his study of the natural course of pulmonary collapse in a varied group of children, also found that lobectomy was seldom indicated, the affected segment usually reexpanding if sufficient time elapsed.
400 Longitudinal full genome sequencing to assess the extent of CD8+ CTL escape in HCV
Authors: J TIMM, G LAUER, L LEWISXIMENEZ, K OUCHI, A KIM, B WALKER, T ALLEN
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

We previously reported a significant interactive association between polymorphisms of GSTP1 and blood manganese concentrations (BMC) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Jamaican children. In this paper, we investigate the same interactive association with ASD while adjusting for the mixture of four metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic).We used data from 163 case-control pairs of children 2–8 years of age from our autism project in Jamaica, in which we collected blood for heavy metals analysis at enrollment. To minimize potential multicollinearity between concentrations of the four metals, we generated a mixture index using generalized weighted quantile sum regression, which was used in conditional logistic regression models to control for the four metals while assessing the interactive association between GSTP1 and BMC with ASD.Similar to the findings we reported previously, we found that in co-dominant and dominant models for GSTP1, among children with the Ile/Ile genotype, those with BMC ≥ 12 μg/L had 4.6 and 4.27 times higher odds of ASD compared to those with BMC < 12 μg/L (adjusted Matched Odds Ratio (MOR) = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.21–17.42 and adjusted MOR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.15–15.85, respectively). In the co-dominant model, for children with the Ile/Val and Val/Val genotypes, the adjusted MORs were 1.26 (95% CI: 0.32, 5.01) and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.05, 1.42), respectively.After adjusting for the mixture of four metals, the interactive association of BMC and GSTP1 with ASD remained significant with similar magnitude of associations. Results should be interpreted cautiously.
An account of color without a subject?
Authors: Erik Myin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract While color realism is endorsed, Byrne &amp; Hilbert's (B&amp;H's) case for it stretches the notion of “physical property” beyond acceptable bounds. It is argued that a satisfactory account of color should do much more to respond to antirealist intuitions that flow from the specificity of color experience, and a pointer to an approach that does so is provided.
Bean sprouts are identified as cause of E coli outbreak
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The source of the Escherichia coli epidemic in Germany that has cost 35 lives since 9 May has been identified as bean sprouts grown at an organic farm in Lower Saxony.

However, health authorities have yet to establish how the dangerous E coli strain came to the farm: whether transmitted by people, water, seeds, or some other vector.

The breakthrough was confirmed at a press conference in Berlin held jointly …
Blood glucose and insulin relationships in the human mother and fetus before onset of labour
Authors: T. M. Coltart, R. W. Beard, R. C. Turner, N. W. Oakley
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The effects of a maternal intravenous glucose load on the fetal plasma levels of glucose and insulin have been studied in 11 patients before the onset of labour. Within five minutes the fetal plasma glucose concentration rose significantly, indicating a rapid transfer of glucose across the placenta. Following this, the rate of fall in fetal plasma glucose closely reflected that in the mother. Serial fetal insulin estimations carried out in 8 of the 11 subjects following maternal glucose showed an early rise in fetal insulin in four and a delayed rise in one; in the remaining three there was no definite change. It is concluded that the blood glucose level of the fetus is controlled by that of the mother, but that the fetal pancreas at term may respond to hyperglycaemia by the secretion of insulin.
Tumor Microvessel Density as a Predictor of Recurrence After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Ronnie Tung-Ping Poon, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Cecilia Lau, Wun-Ching Yu, Zhen-Fan Yang, Sheung-Tat Fan, John Wong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: This study prospectively evaluated the correlation of tumor microvessel density (MVD) with clinicopathologic features and postoperative recurrence in patients undergoing resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumor MVD was assessed in 100 patients with resection of HCC using a computer image analyzer after immunostaining for CD34 (MVD-CD34) and von Willebrand factor (MVD-vWF), respectively. Patients were prospectively followed for recurrence. RESULTS: Mean tumor MVD-CD34 (236/0.74 mm 2 ) was higher than mean tumor MVD-vWF (87/0.74 mm 2 ) (P &lt; .001). By multiple regression analysis, tumor size was the only pathologic feature significantly related to tumor MVD-CD34. The median MVD-CD34 was 316/0.74 mm 2 in HCCs ≤ 5 cm (n = 46) and 146/0.74 mm 2 in HCCs more than 5 cm (n = 54) (P &lt; .001). Among patients with HCCs ≤ 5 cm, those with higher than median MVD-CD34 had worse disease-free survival (at 3 years, 13%) than those with a lower MVD-CD34 (at 3 year, 74%) (P = .002). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor MVD-CD34 was the only significant factor predictive of disease-free survival in patients with HCC ≤ 5 cm. For HCCs more than 5 cm, MVD-CD34 did not have a significant prognostic influence. MVD-vWF did not have a significant prognostic influence on disease-free survival in either HCCs ≤ 5 cm or more than 5 cm. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a high MVD-CD34 was predictive of early postresection recurrence in patients with HCCs ≤ 5 cm and, therefore, may be a novel prognostic marker in this subset of patients.
Longitudinal PET-MRI reveals β-amyloid deposition and rCBF dynamics and connects vascular amyloidosis to quantitative loss of perfusion
Authors: Florian C Maier, Hans F Wehrl, Andreas M Schmid, Julia G Mannheim, Stefan Wiehr, Chommanad Lerdkrai, Carsten Calaminus, Anke Stahlschmidt, Lan Ye, Michael Burnet, Detlef Stiller, Osama Sabri, Gerald Reischl, Mathias Staufenbiel, Olga Garaschuk, Mathias Jucker, Bernd J Pichler
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)