tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Yellow card reports add to data
Authors: K. Davidson, S. Kerr, M. Kinnear, D. N. Bateman
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Like Hippisley-Cox and Coupland,1 our retrospective study using yellow card data submitted to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MRHA) from 2002 to 2006 found that lipid lowering drugs are often reported in association with drug induced renal toxicity. They came third after recognised nephrotoxins such …
Abstract 5105: A novel metabolite from an extremophile Streptomyces with apoptosis regulator function
Authors: Nasrin Moazami, Fatoulah Hakami, Hamideh Ofoghi, Massoud Ghaffarpour
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Apoptosis or programmed cell death is essential for the normal functioning and survival of most multi-cellular organisms. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis are highly conserved during the evolution. Therapeutic strategies based on exogenous delivery of the native form of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a free radical scavenger, are limited because of its short half-life (approximately 6 min) in vivo and poor permeability across the blood barrier and cell membrane. In this study, the spectrum of in vivo anti cancer activity of a Streptomyces SOD with a carrier protein designated Kavir-48by apoptotic function was assessed. Two xenograft models including LXFl 529 and LXFL H460 lung cancer cells were used. Purified protein complex was administrated through intra- peritoneal injection (ip) for 4 weeks. The results showed that treatment with 300 mg/kg of kavir-48 significantly reduced the growth of xenografted tumor with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 70 % for LXFI 529 cell line. In addition, no adverse effects were observed based on general appearance, weight loss or reduction in weight gain. Finally, Kavir-48, demonstrated a highly anti-tumor efficacy in vivo and a tolerability profile amenable to intra peritoneal administration. It acts as a promising therapeutic target against cancer.Further analysis on this antitumor metabolite on gene expression profiles involved in regulation of apoptosis and oxidative stress pathways in different cancer cells in progress. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Nasrin Moazami, Fatoulah Hakami, Hamideh Ofoghi, Massoud Ghaffarpour. A novel metabolite from an extremophile Streptomyces with apoptosis regulator function. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5105. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5105
Abstract 397: LPA promotes ovarian cancer mesothelial invasion by regulating VCAM-1 expression
Authors: Jill K. Slack-Davis, Kevin R. Lynch
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ovarian cancers metastasize by attaching to and invading through the mesothelium, a single cell layer of mesothelial cells lining the peritoneal cavity. The presence of invasive peritoneal metastases is associated with a poor prognosis for ovarian cancer (5 yr survival &amp;lt;25%). Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is abundant in malignant ascites where it regulates ovarian cancer cell growth, migration and response to chemotherapy. Using a cell culture model system of mesothelial invasion, treatment with a LPA receptor antagonist resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in mesothelial invasion. Eliminating LPA1 expression in mesothelial cells using siRNA blocked mesothelial invasion (70% inhibition relative to control) and resulted in decreased expression of VCAM-1. We have shown previously that VCAM-1 is expressed preferentially on the mesothelium of ovarian cancer patients where it regulates mesothelial invasion and ovarian cancer metastatic progression. Re-expression of VCAM-1 in mesothelial cells lacking LPA1 expression rescued mesothelial invasion. Together, these observations implicate a role for LPA in modulating the tumor microenvironment to regulate ovarian cancer progression. Furthermore, they specifically point to a role for LPA in the regulation of VCAM-1 expression in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 397. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-397
A Novel Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) Mutation in Three Mexican Siblings with additional de novo Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) mutation
Authors: S.K. Nicholas, J. Chinen, C. Martinez, T. Lotze, A.M. Adesina, D.S. Fishman, R.A. Krance, I.C. Hanson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Dabigatran versus Warfarin in Patients with Mechanical Heart Valves
Authors: John W. Eikelboom, Stuart J. Connolly, Martina Brueckmann, Christopher B. Granger, Arie P. Kappetein, Michael J. Mack, Jon Blatchford, Kevin Devenny, Jeffrey Friedman, Kelly Guiver, Ruth Harper, Yasser Khder, Maximilian T. Lobmeyer, Hugo Maas, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Maarten L. Simoons, Frans Van de Werf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Dabigatran is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor that has been shown to be an effective alternative to warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. We evaluated the use of dabigatran in patients with mechanical heart valves.In this phase 2 dose-validation study, we studied two populations of patients: those who had undergone aortic- or mitral-valve replacement within the past 7 days and those who had undergone such replacement at least 3 months earlier. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either dabigatran or warfarin. The selection of the initial dabigatran dose (150, 220, or 300 mg twice daily) was based on kidney function. Doses were adjusted to obtain a trough plasma level of at least 50 ng per milliliter. The warfarin dose was adjusted to obtain an international normalized ratio of 2 to 3 or 2.5 to 3.5 on the basis of thromboembolic risk. The primary end point was the trough plasma level of dabigatran.The trial was terminated prematurely after the enrollment of 252 patients because of an excess of thromboembolic and bleeding events among patients in the dabigatran group. In the as-treated analysis, dose adjustment or discontinuation of dabigatran was required in 52 of 162 patients (32%). Ischemic or unspecified stroke occurred in 9 patients (5%) in the dabigatran group and in no patients in the warfarin group; major bleeding occurred in 7 patients (4%) and 2 patients (2%), respectively. All patients with major bleeding had pericardial bleeding.The use of dabigatran in patients with mechanical heart valves was associated with increased rates of thromboembolic and bleeding complications, as compared with warfarin, thus showing no benefit and an excess risk. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01452347 and NCT01505881.).
Electrical field stimulation of isolated primate sweat glands
Authors: G.I. VITALE, R.P. QUATRALE, P.J. GILES, J.E. BIRNBAUM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Electrical field stimulation of isolated primate sweat glands Get access G.I. VITALE, G.I. VITALE Shulton Skin Care Research Center, American Cyanamid Company, Clifton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P. QUATRALE, R.P. QUATRALE Shulton Skin Care Research Center, American Cyanamid Company, Clifton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J. GILES, P.J. GILES Shulton Skin Care Research Center, American Cyanamid Company, Clifton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. BIRNBAUM J.E. BIRNBAUM Shulton Skin Care Research Center, American Cyanamid Company, Clifton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Dr J.E. Birnbaum, American Cyanamid Company, 697 Route 46, Clifton, New Jersey 07015, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 1, 1 July 1986, Pages 39–47, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06218.x Published: 01 July 1986 Article history Accepted: 17 December 1985 Published: 01 July 1986
Lithium and the kidney.
Authors: A Coppen, W R Cattell
Journal: BMJ (1980)

alcoholic liver disease than in healthy people.Thus dextropropoxyphene is not a recom- mended analgesic for alcoholics.When the drug alone has been taken in excessive doses in other patients saturation of the first-pass metabolism may take place.4The authors further suggest that the dangers of dextropropoxyphene outweigh the anal- gesic activity of the drug.They cite Miller's review of the drug5 in support of their argu- ment.However, in their introduction mention is made of the fact that Distalgesic is by far the most commonly prescribed drug.Recently Dr C I T Cruickshank (7 June, p 1378) suggested that Distalgesic was the drug of first choice for analgesia among his consultant colleagues.To us it would appear clear that the analgesic efficacy of the drug is responsible for its widespread use.Dextropropoxyphene finds its greatest use in musculoskeletal disorders and as an adjunct in rheumatoid arthritis; only a few trials dealing with these are found in Miller's reviews.5 6 Moreover, many of the papers reviewed by Miller were single-dose studies, whereas studies indicate
Abstract 2477: The effect of dissociated glucocorticoids on 12-<i>O</i>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced skin inflammation in SENCAR mice
Authors: Piotr Kowalczyk, Renata Sosnowska, Magdalena Kowalczyk, Olga Tolstykh, Jacob Junco, Zbigniew Walaszek, Thomas J. Slaga, Margaret Hanausek
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glucocorticoids are very effective in preventing carcinogen- and tumor promoter-induced skin inflammation, hyperplasia, and mouse skin tumor formation when applied to skin together with a carcinogen. Their control of cellular functions is mediated by a well-known transcription factor, glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR acts via two different mechanisms: transcriptional regulation that requires DNA-binding and protein-protein interaction between GR and other transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) or activator protein 1 (AP-1), which is independent of DNA binding. We hypothesize that only the transrepression activities of the GR are sufficient to suppress skin tumor development. To test our hypothesis, we have synthesized two glucocorticoids (RU24858 and RU24782) that induce only transrepression activities of the GR. These two compounds are able to bind to the GR with high affinity and repress the AP-1 and NF-κB activity while showing reduced transactivation activities in vitro. Different doses (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mg) of RU24858, RU24782, desoxymethasone (DES) and fluocinolone acetonide (FA) or acetone were applied to the dorsal skin of female SENCAR mice 20 min. prior to TPA application (2 μg), two times per week for two weeks. Keratinocytes proliferation rates were estimated by measuring epidermis thickness and BrdU incorporation index. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR techniques were also used to evaluate expression level of genes involved in inflammation and cell cycle regulation. All studied compounds did not influence keratinocytes proliferation when applied alone. Application of DES, FA and RU24858 reversed TPA induced hyperplasia, in dose-depended manner, while RU24782 treatment had no effect on epidermis thickness or the BrdU incorporation index in TPA treated skins. All tested compounds were able to decrease c-jun mRNA level both in acetone and TPA-treated skins. DES, FA and RU24858 were also able to decrease elevated by TPA mRNA level of IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS. RU24782 did not influence mRNAs levels of these genes. These findings suggest that RU24782 had no effect on TPA-induced inflammation and hyperplasia in SENCAR mice, while RU24858 was able to reduce all tested inflammation markers, having only slight effect on epidermal hyperplasia. Supported by NIH grants CA 0796065-06 and P30 CA 54174-16S1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2477.
Case 2-1977
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Martin B. Levene, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Presentation of CaseA 32-year-old man was admitted to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary because of a cervical mass.He was well until two months previously, when a left-sided earache developed and was treated with penicillin followed by cephalexin. After two weeks the earache improved, but he began to have pain and stiffness in the left side of the neck, accompanied by local swelling. Further doses of antibiotics were given, without benefit. Six days before admission he came to the hospital, where he was found to have diffuse enlargement of a nontender thyroid gland, with shotty cervical lymph nodes . . .
THE SUBNORMAL COLON FUNCTION
Authors: WILLIAM M. BEACH
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The colon, considered in its entirety, is essentially an organ of elimination and resorption. Its muscular wall endows it with the property of expansion and retraction, and the variation of its axis and caliber controls the current of its contents toward the anus. Deviation from this physiologic process is recognized as a pathologic condition which may manifest itself in frequent discharges, or by sluggishness. Hyperactivity would indicate an exaggeration of its function by virtue of disease within its chambers or upper tracts, that is, it may be extramural or a neurosis. Sluggishness or atony signifies its inability to mobilize its contents by reason of impaired musculature or innervation, giving rise to the adynamic or subnormal colon. The word "atony," which seems best to express the condition, is derived etymologically from the Greek word "teinein," negative "a," which signifies literally to stretch, a translation that we may liberalize into expansion, contraction
Blastic NK‐cell‐like lymphoma with T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement
Authors: Xiao‐Yuan Liu, Robert C. Atkins, James H. Feusner, Jon M. Rowland
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma is very rare but has been recently classified as a distinct entity in WHO classification. However, the classification remains controversial, and the clinicopathologic spectrum is not completely understood. We report a unique case of cutaneous CD4 + CD56 + malignancy with a typical clinical presentation and immunophenotype of blastic NK‐cell lymphoma in a 15‐year‐old Guamanian girl. The skin was the only site involved by the lymphoma. Molecular study showed clonal T‐cell receptor γ gene rearrangement. The patient has been disease‐free till now (more than 12 months following bone marrow transplant). This case may represent a tumor at an early stage of a common developmental pathway for T‐cells and NK‐cells. Am. J. Hematol. 75:251–253, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eosinophils in Sputum
Authors: C. H. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1954)

Cryopreserved rat hepatocytes entrapped within an alginate matrix, commercially available as Liverbeads, were evaluated for their relevance as a screening tool for gene induction in vitro, using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. They were treated with the reference compounds β-naphthoflavone (BNF), phenobarbital (PB), pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN), and clofibric acid (CLO) and analyzed for mRNA levels of Cyp1a1, Cyp2b1, Cyp3a1, Cyp4a1, Ugt1a6, and Ugt2b1. In addition, for PB and PCN, the results were compared with those obtained in rat liver in vivo. For each inducer, the gene induction profiles obtained with the Liverbeads in vitro model were time- and dose-dependent. The in vitro gene expression profiles confirmed the corresponding known P450 and UGT induction by each reference compound. In particular, the most strongly induced genes were Cyp1a1 by BNF, Cyp2b1 by PB, Cyp3a1 and Ugt2b1 by PCN, and Cyp4a1 and Cyp2b1 by CLO. Other genes investigated were also induced by the reference compounds, but the expression levels were lower, and increases were seen only after prolonged treatment. In particular, Ugt1a6 and Cyp2b1 were increased by BNF, Cyp1a1, Cyp3a1, and Ugt2b1 by PB, and Cyp3a1 and Ugt2b1 by CLO. All of these results correlated well with published in vitro data and our in vivo data. In conclusion, our results suggest that Liverbeads is a relevant and useful in vitro screening tool for determining gene induction profiles of new molecules. In addition, because Liverbeads from different species are available, this tool offers the possibility to conduct interspecies comparisons.
Putative Stem Cell Markers in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Clinicopathologic Characterization
Authors: Willam Sterlacci, Spasenija Savic, Michael Fiegl, Ellen Obermann, Alexandar Tzankov
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)

Introduction:The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory postulates the existence of a distinct population of undifferentiated cells responsible for tumor initiation and maintenance. CSCs may be naturally resistant to the cytotoxic effect of radio-chemotherapy because of slow cell cycling, lower proliferation, and increased expression of DNA repair and antiapoptosis genes. To date, a universal marker for CSCs has not been identified. Proposed CSC markers are expressed both by cancer cells as well as by benign stem cells. Although many putative CSC markers exist, a precise characterization for non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lacking.Methods:We explored the expression of multiple alleged stemness associated markers in 371 surgically resected NSCLCs. Extensive clinical data and a postoperative follow-up period of up to 15 years enabled detailed clinicopathological correlations. ABCG5, ALDH1, CD24, CD44, CD133, CD166, epithelial cell adhesion molecule epitopes (ESA, MOC-31, Ber-EP4), nestin, OCT4, and sex-determining region Y-box 2 were analyzed immunohistochemically by using a standardized tissue microarray platform.Results:Sex-determining region Y-box 2, CD44, ABCG5, ALDH1, and nestin were associated with poorer tumor differentiation and/or an increased proliferation index. ALDH1, CD44, and SOX2 were frequently found in squamous cell carcinoma, whereas CD24, CD166, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule markers were encountered in adenocarcinomas. CD44 expression was an independent marker associated with better overall survival in squamous cell carcinoma and Ber-EP4 was associated with tumor recurrences.Conclusion:The expression and prognostic significance of CSC markers obviously varies depending on histologic NSCLC subtype. Importantly, our findings suggest that CD44 and Ber-EP4 may be promising for ongoing targeted therapies in specific NSCLC subgroups.
Improved Outcomes in a Voluntary Hospitalist Model
Authors: David Neely
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters1 July 2003Improved Outcomes in a Voluntary Hospitalist ModelDavid Neely, MDDavid Neely, MDNorthwestern University; Chicago, IL 60611 (Neely)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-1-200307010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the articles by Auerbach and colleagues (1) and Meltzer and associates (2), I am concerned that successful hospitalist experiences are inappropriately generalized to suggest that a hospitalist would improve any situation. Auerbach and colleagues demonstrate that in a failing hospital, months away from closing its doors, five energetic hospitalists can make a substantial difference. Meltzer and associates show the helpfulness of dedicated hospitalists introduced into a hospital that decades earlier had ceased to have primary care physicians care for their inpatients. In both models, one thing is clear: If doctors know that one of their explicit ...References1. Auerbach AD, Wachter RM, Katz P, Showstack J, Baron RB, Goldman L. Implementation of a voluntary hospitalist service at a community teaching hospital: improved clinical efficiency and patient outcomes. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:859-65. [PMID: 12458985] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Meltzer D, Manning WG, Morrison J, Shah MN, Jin L, Guth T, . Effects of physician experience on costs and outcomes on an academic general medicine service: results of a trial of hospitalists. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:866-74. [PMID: 12458986] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Northwestern University; Chicago, IL 60611 (Neely) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImplementation of a Voluntary Hospitalist Service at a Community Teaching Hospital: Improved Clinical Efficiency and Patient Outcomes Andrew D. Auerbach , Robert M. Wachter , Patricia Katz , Jonathan Showstack , Robert B. Baron , and Lee Goldman Effects of Physician Experience on Costs and Outcomes on an Academic General Medicine Service: Results of a Trial of Hospitalists David Meltzer , Willard G. Manning , Jeanette Morrison , Manish N. Shah , Lei Jin , Todd Guth , and Wendy Levinson Improved Outcomes in a Voluntary Hospitalist Model Andrew D. Auerbach , Robert M. Wachter , and Lee Goldman Metrics 1 July 2003Volume 139, Issue 1Page: 76KeywordsForecastingHospitalistsInpatientsPatientsPrimary care physicians ePublished: 1 July 2003 Issue Published: 1 July 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Postreperfusion inflammation: a model for reaction to injury in cardiovascular disease
Authors: M. L Entman, C W. Smith
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Postreperfusion inflammation: a model for reaction to injury in cardiovascular disease Get access Mark L Entman, Mark L Entman Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030-3498, USA – Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine: M L Entman; Speros P Martel Section of Leukocyte Biology, Department of Pediatrics: C W Smith. Correspondence to Dr Entman. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C Wayne Smith C Wayne Smith Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030-3498, USA – Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine: M L Entman; Speros P Martel Section of Leukocyte Biology, Department of Pediatrics: C W Smith. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 9, September 1994, Pages 1301–1311, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.9.1301 Published: 01 September 1994 Article history Received: 22 February 1994 Accepted: 31 May 1994 Published: 01 September 1994