tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measurement of brown adipose tissue mass using a novel dual-echo magnetic resonance imaging approach: A validation study
Authors: Milja Holstila, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Tove J. Grönroos, Jukka Laine, Virva Lepomäki, Jani Saunavaara, Irina Lisinen, Markku Komu, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Pirjo Nuutila, Riitta Parkkola, Ronald J.H. Borra
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Chimeras of Bet v 1 and Api g 1 reveal heterogeneous IgE responses in patients with birch pollen allergy
Authors: Barbara Gepp, Nina Lengger, Merima Bublin, Wolfgang Hemmer, Heimo Breiteneder, Christian Radauer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)

Characterization of IgE-binding epitopes of allergens and determination of their patient-specific relevance is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy.We sought to assess the contribution of specific surface areas of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1.0101 to binding IgE of individual patients.Four distinct areas of Bet v 1 representing in total 81% of its surface were grafted onto the scaffold of its homolog, Api g 1.0101, to yield the chimeras Api-Bet-1 to Api-Bet-4. The chimeras were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. IgE binding of 64 sera from Bet v 1-sensitized subjects with birch pollen allergy was determined by using direct ELISA. Specificity was assessed by means of inhibition ELISA.rApi g 1.0101, Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4 bound IgE from 44%, 89%, 80%, 78%, and 48% of the patients, respectively. By comparing the amount of IgE binding to the chimeras and to rApi g 1.0101, 81%, 70%, 75%, and 45% of the patients showed significantly enhanced IgE binding to Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4, respectively. The minority (8%) of the sera revealed enhanced IgE binding exclusively to a single chimera, whereas 31% showed increased IgE binding to all 4 chimeras compared with rApi g 1.0101. The chimeras inhibited up to 70% of IgE binding to rBet v 1.0101, confirming the specific IgE recognition of the grafted regions.The Bet v 1-specific IgE response is polyclonal, and epitopes are spread across the entire Bet v 1 surface. Furthermore, the IgE recognition profile of Bet v 1 is highly patient specific.
‘High definition’: not all it appears: Table 1
Authors: Yean Cheant Lim, Gareth Corbett, Miles Parkes, Ewen A B Cameron
Journal: Gut (2013)

We read with interest the article from Chung et al, 1 which suggests limited benefits in adenoma detection with narrow band imaging or flexible spectral imaging compared with standard white light examination. After a short learning curve period, there was no difference in adenoma detection even for the less experienced endoscopist. These are important results as we are increasingly inundated with new technologies or adjuncts that are hypothesised to improve adenoma detection rate (ADR). Adopting these technologies often involves high capital expenditure and a learning curve often for unsubstantiated clinical benefits.

Similarly, when high-definition colonoscopes (HDC) were introduced, they were thought to improve ADR in several retrospective studies; however, this was refuted …
Trimodality Therapy for Stage II–III Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A Dose-Ranging Study of Concurrent Capecitabine, Docetaxel, and Thoracic Radiotherapy
Authors: Matthew D. Wood, Bassem I. Zaki, Stuart R. Gordon, John E. Sutton, Mikhail Lisovsky, Jiang Gui, Jeffrey A. Bubis, Konstantin H. Dragnev, James R. Rigas
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)

This dose-escalation study was performed to determine the recommended phase II dose of oral capecitabine to be delivered concurrently with thoracic radiation therapy and weekly docetaxel in patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.Patients with operable stage II or III esophageal carcinoma were staged by endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomography. Two cycles of docetaxel (80 mg/m) and carboplatin (target area under the concentration-time curve: 6 mg/ml × min) were delivered over 6 weeks. This was followed by concurrent weekly docetaxel (15 mg/m), thoracic radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions), and increasing doses of capecitabine (500-3500 mg) given before each fraction of radiotherapy. After restaging, responding patients continued to esophagectomy within 4 to 8 weeks of completing chemoradiotherapy.Forty-four patients were enrolled, and 40 were assessable for the dose-ranging component of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Endoscopic ultrasonography stages at enrollment were T3N1 (29 patients), T3N0 (4 patients), T2N1 (6 patients), and T4N0 (one patient). The maximum tolerated dose of capecitabine was 3500 mg. Thirty-six patients had surgery; 83% had R0 resection, and 17% had pathological complete response. Median overall survival was 23.5 months, with 34 and 27% alive at 3 and 5 years.The recommended phase II dose of capecitabine is 3500 mg when given concurrently with 50.4 Gy of thoracic radiotherapy in 28 fractions and weekly docetaxel. This trimodality therapy for operable locally advanced esophageal carcinoma was very well tolerated and remarkably active. This regimen holds promise for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma and warrants further investigation.
Association of class II sequences encoding DR1 and DQ5 specificities with hypersensitivity to chironomid allergen Chi t I
Authors: Christiane Tautz, Hans-Peter Rihs, Andreas Thiele, Patty Zwollo, Linda R. Freidhoff, David G. Marsh, Xaver Baur
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1994)

A panel of 188 unrelated Caucasian subjects who were exposed to the larvae of Chironomus thummi (Diptera, nonbiting midges) was HLA-typed by polymerase chain reaction amplijication of the second axons of the DRB, DQAl, and DQBl genes followed by dot-blot hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes.Type Z sensitization to the allergen Chi t Z and a large number of other inhalant allergens was determined b>, RAST and skin testing.Sixty-one individuals were found to be sensitized to Chi t I, of whom 24 were sensitive to this allergen and to no other alleqens tested.Statistical analyses showed that only in the latter group were the HLA-D genes DRBl*OlOl, DQAl*OlOl, and DQB1*0501 associated with ZgE-responsiveness to Chi t I.These results suggest that HZ.A associations with responsiveness to certain allergens may be more striking in monosensitized subjects.(J ALLERGY CLIN h.fMUNOL 1994;93:918-25.)Key words: Allergy, HLA-D typing, polymerase chain reaction, sequence-specific oligonucleotides Usually, in genetic studies of disease susceptibility (e.g., for autoimmune disorders), no clear information exists about the antigen involved.This is not the case for human &E-mediated atopic allergy in which the antigens or allergens
<i>The Sea at Le Havre</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extracellular ATP induces assembly and activation of the myosin light chain phosphatase complex in endothelial cells☆
Authors: F HARTEL, C RODEWALD, M ASLAM, D GUNDUZ, L HAFER, J NEUMANN, H PIPER, T NOLL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Objectives: Extracellular ATP stabilizes the endothelial barrier and inactivates the contractile machinery of endothelial cells. This inactivation relies on dephosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light chain (MLC) due to an activation of the MLC phosphatase (MLCP). To date, activation and function of MLCP in endothelial cells are only partially understood. Methods: Here, the mechanism of extracellular ATP-mediated activation of MLCP was analyzed in human endothelial cells from umbilical veins. Cells were transfected with the endogenous protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-specific inhibitor-2 (I-2). Results: Overexpression of I-2 led to inhibition of PP1 activity and abrogation of the ATP-induced dephosphorylation of MLC. This indicates that the PP1 catalytic subunit is the principal phosphatase catalyzing the MLC dephosphorylation induced by extracellular ATP. As demonstrated by immunoprecipitation analysis, extracellular ATP recruits the PP1δ catalytic subunit and the myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT1) to form a complex. ATP stimulated dephosphorylation of MYPT1 at the inhibitory phosphorylation sites threonine 850 and 696. However, extracellular ATP failed to stimulate MYPT1 dephosphorylation in I-2-overexpressing cells. Conclusions: The present study shows for the first time that, in endothelial cells, extracellular ATP causes activation of MLCP through recruitment of PP1δ and MYPT1 into a MLCP holoenzyme complex and PP1-mediated reduction of the inhibitory phosphorylation of MYPT1.
Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors and Mortality
Authors: Gaetano Santulli
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors and MortalityTo the Editor: Dr Canto and colleagues 1 found that hospital mortality increased as the number of cardiovascular risk factors declined.This inverse relationship is perplexing and the potential explanations discussed by the authors appear not completely satisfactory.The authors just considered the number of risk factors, whereas the severity of each factor was not evaluated.Blood pressure, plasma glucose, and lipids are continuous, not discreet, variables that exert a dose-dependent effect on cardiovascular risk. 2 It would be of interest to see the results of the analysis conducted considering these parameters, which also would help to clarify the still controversial association of the metabolic syndrome and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). 3 It also would be interesting to know if the inverse correlation is still present after correction for one of the most important predictors of mortality after acute coronary syndrome, 4 the baseline infarct size.Last, traditional cardiovascular risk factors do not fully explain the pathophysiological process of atherothrombosis in acute ischemic heart disease.Several studies have identified a series of emerging biomarkers reflecting thrombosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
CALCULATION OF HEAT PRODUCTION FROM INSENSIBLE LOSS OF WEIGHT 1
Authors: Margaret W. Johnston, L. H. Newburgh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1942)

In a previous communication, Newburgh and his associates (1) proposed a method for calcu- lating 24-hour heat production from I. W.2 rather than from I. L.,2 since variations in respiratory quotient cause the relationship of I. W. to I. L. to vary from 85 to 100 per cent.However, in reviewing the literature recently, we were im- pressed with two characteristics of Levine and Marples' (2) prediction curve which they obtained when they plotted I. L. against heat pro- duction in 196 cases.These data were obtained by means of the Russel Sage calorimeter or with the respiration chamber at the New York Nursery and Child's Hospital.The two characteristics were, first, the almost constant percentage of heat removed by vaporization of water throughout the whole course of the line and, second, that the origin of the line is not far from zero.Consequently, we decided to re-examine our own material to determine how closely heat pro- duction can be predicted from I. L. rather than from I. W.The smoothed curve of Levine and Marples is reproduced in Figure 1.We have plotted 34 of our own experiments with 10 normal adults 8 on this diagram.They consist of simultaneous de- terminations of I. L. and heat production for 24- hour periods in the respiration chamber.Further experiments on 11 additional subjects" were also included.Here we have used for the I. L. the average of many consecutive 24-hour periods.The average 24-hour heat production in this series was determined by feeding a carefully weighed constant diet that closely approached maintenance 'The expense of this study was defrayed in part by a grant from the Horace H. and Mary A. Rackham School of Graduate Studies.2 J. W. is an abbreviation for the weight of water vaporized from skin and lungs.I. L. is an abbreviation for the insensible loss of weight.8 These details of the methods and the biological data may be found in earlier publications from this laboratory (1, 3, 4).
CT Scanners: Distribution and Planning Status in the United States
Authors: Harvey V. Fineberg, Gerald S. Parker, Laurie A. Pearlman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Computed tomography (CT) is a sophisticated diagnostic x-ray procedure that was developed in Great Britain and introduced in the United States in 1973. The need for CT scanners, particularly for newer devices capable of scanning the entire body, remains controversial. Physicians are impressed with the diagnostic information conveyed by CT, and its relative safety and convenience for the patient.1 Planners and third-party payers are concerned about the ultimate patient benefit to be derived from CT, the high purchase and operating cost of the equipment, and the possibilities for inappropriate use and excessive charges.2 Trends in the number, distribution and planning . . .
Collaborative Care for Chronic Pain in Primary Care
Authors: Steven K. Dobscha, Kathryn Corson, Nancy A. Perrin, Ginger C. Hanson, Ruth Q. Leibowitz, Melanie N. Doak, Kathryn C. Dickinson, Mark D. Sullivan, Martha S. Gerrity
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Chronic pain is common in primary care patients and is associated with distress, disability, and increased health care use.To assess whether a collaborative intervention can improve chronic pain-related outcomes, including comorbid depression severity, in a Department of Veterans Affairs primary care setting.Cluster randomized controlled trial of a collaborative care assistance with pain treatment intervention vs treatment as usual at 5 primary care clinics of 1 Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Forty-two primary care clinicians were randomized to the assistance with pain treatment intervention group or the treatment as usual group. The 401 patients had musculoskeletal pain diagnoses, moderate or greater pain intensity, and disability lasting 12 weeks or longer and were assigned to the same treatment groups as their clinicians. Recruitment occurred from January 2006 to January 2007 and follow-up concluded in January 2008.Assistance with pain treatment included a 2-session clinician education program, patient assessment, education and activation, symptom monitoring, feedback and recommendations to clinicians, and facilitation of specialty care.Changes over 12 months in pain-related disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, range of 0-24), pain intensity (Chronic Pain Grade [CPG] Pain Intensity subscale, range of 0-100), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9], range of 0-27), measured as beta coefficients (difference in slopes in points per month).Intervention patients had a mean (SD) of 10.6 (4.5) contacts with the assistance with pain treatment team. Compared with the patients receiving treatment as usual, intervention patients showed greater improvements in pain-related disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire beta, -0.101 [95% confidence interval {CI}, -0.163 to -0.040]; P = .004 and CPG Pain Intensity subscale beta, -0.270 [95% CI, -0.480 to -0.061]; P = .01). Among patients with baseline depression (PHQ-9 score > or = 10), there was greater improvement in depression severity in patients receiving the intervention compared with patients receiving treatment as usual (PHQ-9 beta, -0.177 [95% CI, -0.295 to -0.060]; P = .003). The differences in scores between baseline and 12 months for the assistance with pain treatment intervention group and the treatment as usual group, respectively, were -1.4 vs -0.2 for the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, -4.7 vs -0.6 for the CPG Pain Intensity subscale, and -3.7 vs -1.2 for PHQ-9.The assistance with pain treatment collaborative intervention resulted in modest but statistically significant improvement in a variety of outcome measures.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00129480.
Consultants unlikely to accept local pay deals, says BMA
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultants have warned the UK government that they are still opposed to local deals after the health secretary, Alan Milburn, unveiled an incentive package which could see some senior doctors employed on a contract that was rejected nationally last year.

The incentive package, which will begin in April, would allow some trusts in England to introduce the new consultant contract, provided that specialist registrars and consultants in individual trusts agreed.

But Dr Paul Miller, chairman of the BMA's …
Alcohol alliance responds to government's minimum price strategy
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Setting a minimum price for alcohol and banning multibuy deals is a good policy, says the Alcohol Health Alliance in its response to the Home Office’s public consultation on its alcohol strategy for England and Wales.1 But the price set should be 50p (€0.6; $0.8) per unit, not 45p, as this would save more lives and prevent more crime, the alliance says.

The alliance, which represents a wide range of bodies, including the British Medical Association and the Academy of …
Purine metabolism, immune reconstitution, and abdominal adipose tumor after gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency
Authors: Eyal Grunebaum, Catherine T.-S. Chung, Harjit Dadi, Peter Kim, Immacolata Brigida, Francesca Ferrua, Maria P. Cicalese, Alessandro Aiuti, Chaim M. Roifman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Plesiomonas shigelloides-associated diarrhea
Authors: J. F. Reinhardt
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Plesiomonas shigelloides was thought to be the cause of diarrhea in six patients seen in Los Angeles. Although this organism is considered to be a cause of diarrhea in the Orient, it has infrequently been noted to be associated with diarrhea in North America.
Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Neil A. Holtzman
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Imaging the Migration of Therapeutically Delivered Cardiac Stem Cells
Authors: Mariann Gyöngyösi, Rayyan Hemetsberger, Susanne Wolbank, Christoph Kaun, Aniko Posa, Terèz Marian, Làszlò Balkay, Miklos Emri, Làszlò Galuska, Pal Mikecz, Zsolt Petrasi, Silvia Charwat, Hani Hemetsberger, Jeronimo Blanco, Gerald Maurer
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Antiviral Treatment With WIN 54 954 Reduces Mortality in Murine Coxsackievirus B3 Myocarditis
Authors: J. Fohlman, K. Pauksen, T. Hyypia¨, G. Eggertsen, A. Ehrnst, N.G. Ilba¨ck, G. Friman
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Coxsackieviruses B (CBVs) are dominant causative agents in myocarditis and are associated with pathogenesis in some cases of dilated cardiomyopathy, a clinical entity with a poor survival without heart transplantation. Methods and Results In vitro, the antiviral agent WIN 54 954 was shown to inhibit replication of CBV3 at a minimal inhibitory concentration value of 0.02 mg/L. Administration of WIN 54 954, 100 mg/kg BID PO, beginning on the day of infection resulted in complete protection from enteroviral mortality ( P &lt;.01). WIN 54 954 treatment did not abrogate the inflammatory reaction in the myocardium. No difference was found in the expression of surface lymphocyte subset markers. At 3 weeks, macrophages seemed to dominate the inflammatory reaction, regardless of treatment. There was no difference in CBV3 antibody titers, indicating that WIN 54 954 does not interfere with the development of protective immunity. Complement factors C3 and B were synthesized at a higher level during infection and correlated well with the degree of inflammatory reaction. Conclusions The results show that WIN 54 954 is a potent antiviral agent with a highly significant effect on survival in CBV-induced myocarditis in the A/J mouse if treatment is started early. It is suggested that the reduction in mortality seen with WIN 54 954 administration is due to an inhibitory effect on virus replication in affected organs that does not interfere with cellular or humoral immunity.
Primary Meningococcal Pneumonia
Authors: RICHARD S. IRWIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Three cases of pneumonia caused by Neisseria meningitidis group Y are reported. From the results of these cases, the following conclusions were made. N. meningitidis probably can cause serious infection without preceding blood stream invasion. Primary meningococcal pneumonia is not rare; it has no distinctive clinical presentation; and it may not be recognized by routine expectorated sputum cultures. In addition, it may be associated with recent influenzal and adenoviral infections. Lastly, meningococci of the serogroup Y are capable of causing serious disease. Antimicrobial susceptibility studies showed that all three group Y isolates were sensitive to sulfadiazine and rifampin as well as to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol.