tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract C41: Chc1L is a tumor suppressor involved in development of histiocyte-rich neoplasms
Authors: David Spillane, Ding Yan Wang, Changxin Shi, Youdong Wang, Anthony Gramolini, Keith Stewart, Susan Newbigging, Mingyao Liu, Xiao-Yan Wen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Human chromosome 13q14 is one of the hotspots of chromosomal deletion in prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chromosome Condensation 1-like (CHC1L) is an uncharacterized gene in this region. CHC1L is found within the smallest common region of loss of heterozygosity in prostate cancer, and its decreased expression is linked to pathogenesis and progression of both prostate cancer and multiple myeloma. In the present study, we describe the generation and characterization of Chc1L gene knockout mice. Knockout mice develop normally and display an exaggerated proliferative response to LPS stimulation of cultured bone marrow and spleen cells at ten weeks of age. At approximately two years of age, both homozygous and heterozygous mice have markedly increased incidence of tumorigenesis, 80% and 56% respectively, compared to wild-type mice, 26%. The tumors are distributed most commonly to the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and small intestine. The morphologic and immunophenotypic features of the tumor cells are consistent with those of tissue histiocytes, and most Chc1L knockout and heterozygote mice succumb to either Histiocytic Sarcoma or Histiocyte-Associated Lymphoma. These data provide the first direct evidence that Chc1L is a tumor suppressor gene involved in suppression of histiocyte-rich neoplasms. Citation Format: David Spillane, Ding Yan Wang, Changxin Shi, Youdong Wang, Anthony Gramolini, Keith Stewart, Susan Newbigging, Mingyao Liu, Xiao-Yan Wen. Chc1L is a tumor suppressor involved in development of histiocyte-rich neoplasms. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C41.
Parameters for Treatment Decisions for Salvage Radiation Therapy
Authors: Shelly Bowers Hayes, Alan Pollack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the most common primary treatment for prostate cancer. About 40% of those with high-risk pathologic features, such as a positive margin or seminal vesicle involvement, will develop biochemical failure at some point in the future. Radiotherapy (RT), with or without concurrent androgen deprivation, has been used liberally in the management of men with a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after RP, based mostly on relatively small retrospective series. Factors such as the prostatectomy Gleason score, seminal vesicle invasion, absolute pre-RT PSA level, and pre-RT PSA doubling time are emerging as important determinants of outcome after RT. These factors should be used as a guide to the options of local therapy alone (RT), local therapy plus systemic therapy (typically androgen deprivation therapy), and systemic therapy alone.
Sick sinus syndrome after surgery for congenital heart disease.
Authors: R D Greenwood, A Rosenthal, L J Sloss, M LaCorte, A S Nadas
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The course and prognosis of 16 infants and children with sick sinus syndrome associated with cardiac surgery is reviewed. The dysrhythmia was observed most ofter after extensive atrial reconstructive surgery in patients with transposition of the great arteries and with atrial septal defect. In 12 (75%) of the patients, sick sinus syndrome was detected in the immediate postoperative period. Tachyarrhythmias and bradyarrhythmias were presnet in 12 and isolated bradyarrhythmias in four. Temporary pacing was used in two and permanent pacing was required in five. Death in two non-paced patients was attributable to arrhythmias. Postmortem examination in one patient revealed a suture in the sinoatrial node. Careful attention to the anatomy of the sinoatrial node, its artery and the internodal tracts during surgery may prevent the development of sick sinus syndrome. In patients with dysrhythmia, a careful search should be undertaken to document the abnormal rhythm with the use of Holter monitoring. The insertion of a pacemaker is indicated in patients with tachyarrhythmias requiring cardioversion or antiarrhythmic drug therapy and those without adequate lower escape mechanisms.
Illuminated near card assessment of potential acuity in eyes with cataract
Authors: Albert J Hofeldt, Michael J Weiss
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)

This study aimed to determine the accuracy and potential role of the illuminated near card (INC) for predicting visual outcome after cataract surgery in eyes with and without comorbid disease.A consecutive case series.A total of 101 preoperative patients with cataracts participated.Accuracy of predicted postoperative distance acuity was measured.The preoperative acuity obtained with the INC was compared by linear regression to the postoperative INC acuity and the postoperative distance acuity for 100 consecutive eyes undergoing cataract surgery. Variables analyzed were preoperative distance acuity and the presence or absence of comorbid disease.The preoperative INC acuity was significantly predictive of postoperative INC (P = 0.0005) and postoperative distance (P = 0.0007) acuities for the 100 eyes studied. For the subgroup of 15 eyes with 20/200 or worse, the preoperative INC acuity was not predictive of postoperative INC acuity (P = 0.8673) or postoperative distance acuity (P = 0.8789). For the 21 eyes with comorbid disease, the predictions were more accurate for postoperative INC acuity (P < 0.0001) and postoperative distance acuities (P < 0.0001) than for 64 eyes without comorbid disease: postoperative INC acuity (P = 0.0051), and postoperative distance acuity (P = 0.0046). The INC predicted postoperative distance acuity to within two lines in 98% of eyes when preoperative distance acuity was 20/100 or better. When the preoperative distance acuity was 20/200 or worse, the postoperative distance vision was predicted to within two lines in only 53% of the eyes.The INC can be a useful adjunct for predicting postoperative distance acuity in eyes with cataract that have preoperative distance acuity of 20/100 or better, particularly in eyes with comorbid disease, in which the clinical judgment of vision potential may be difficult.
Points: Drums begin to beat in the waiting list jungle
Authors: J. T. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Professor D C Carter (7 March, p 593) com- ments on the treatment of hepatic metastases by surgical debulking, but the value of hepatic arterial embolisation is not mentioned.'2In our experience, when vascular endocrine metastases are detected in the liver, providing that the intrahepatic portal veins are patent, hepatic arterial embolisation can provide
Immune-enhancing effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone delivered by plasmid injection and electroporation
Authors: Patricia A. Brown, William C. Davis, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic hormone with both direct and indirect functions in the maintenance of immune status under physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, 52 Holstein heifers were evaluated for the effects of a plasmid-mediated GHRH treatment on their immune function and on the morbidity and mortality of treated animals. In the third trimester of pregnancy, 32 heifers received 2.5 mg of a myogenic GHRH-expressing plasmid by intramuscular injection followed by electroporation, while 20 heifers were used as controls. No adverse effects were associated with either the plasmid delivery or GHRH expression. At 18 days after plasmid administration, GHRH-treated animals had increased numbers of CD2+ αβ T-cells (P < 0.004), CD25+CD4+ cells (P < 0.0007), and CD4+CD45R+ cells (P < 0.016) compared to controls. These increases were maintained long term after treatment and correlated with plasmid expression. At 300 days post-GHRH therapy, CD45R+/CD45R0− naïve lymphocytes were significantly increased in frequency (P < 0.05). Natural killer lymphocytes (CD3−CD2+) were also increased. As a consequence of improved health status, body condition scores of treated animals improved (3.55 vs. 3.35, P < 0.0001). Hoof pathology was also reduced with treatment. The mortality of heifers was decreased (3% vs. 20% in controls, P < 0.003). Collectively, these results indicate that the myogenic GHRH plasmid can be successfully electrotransferred into a 500-kg mammal and expressed for prolonged periods of time, ensuring physiological levels of GHRH. The plasmid injection followed by electroporation could prove an efficient method for the systemic production of therapeutic proteins and may provide a useful means for basic research in relevant animal models.
CHICKENPOX AND PREGNANCY
Authors: Leo I. Hallay
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Because of the adverse ecological conditions created, the use of antibiotics and corticosterone in chickenpox reported by Fish inThe Journal, July 2, page 978, in his paper on "Maternal Death Due to Disseminated Varicella" is regrettable. This is particularly so because varicella was reported by Bierman and others (<i>Cancer</i><b>6</b>:591, 1953) to cause remissions in acute leukemia of children, which would appear to confirm the old theory elaborated by others and by me (<i>Physiatrie</i><b>6</b>:302, 1934) that inflammatory disease is the closest approach to the truth in the treatment of malignancies. The Hebrew phrase MAKOH SHEVA in Lev. chapter 26, verse 21, seems to point toward the degenerative and neoplastic conditions seen to arise after interruption of the 7-day periodicity of inflammation by antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antibiotics. Since 1939 I have used the principle of neoesophylaxis (stimulation of esophylaxis [Levin and Silvers,<i>Arch Derm</i>
The Pathology of Articular and Spinal Diseases
Authors: E. G. L. Bywaters
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1950)

This excellent book fills a gap on the shelves which has always been vacant, and one, moreover, of which too many pathologists have been unaware.It is to be hoped that this authoritative description of pathological changes in joints will be widely read; its views are as sound as its allocation of space, which is primarily devoted to the common joint diseases.There are 199 iUustrations, all of them original (nowadays itself original) and that works out to 0 62 illustrations per page of text.They are excellently photo- graphed, well chosen, and well reproduced, and there is, moreover, as far as your reviewer can judge, none of that dubious modern practice of inserting some of the illustrations twice.Each chapter is followed by a brief and select list of references, chosen for their importance rather than because they are by friends of the author, recent, listed by other writers, written in the author's mother tongue, or furnished free by a drug house card- index service.The book starts in orthodox fashion with anatomy and physiology, proceeds with a brief (20-page) review of bone diseases, and then passes on to trauma, osteo-arthritis, gout, specific infections, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis (51 pages), etc., ending with 80 useful pages on the spine.The changes described in ankylosing spondylitis, based on four autopsies and the literature, are of outstanding interest, since previous descriptions have been very meagre and in some instances based on cases whose nosological status was rather less than doubtful.To-day, when so much is made of the rare extra-articular manifestations of joint disease, when there is such insistence that rheumatoid arthritis is a generalized disease,
Long term exercise capacity in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy treated with percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation
Authors: Lukasz A. Malek, Lidia Chojnowska, Mariusz Klopotowski, Renata Maczynska, Marcin Demkow, Adam Witkowski, Beata Kusmierczyk, Ewa Piotrowicz, Marek Konka, Maciej Dabrowski, Witold Ruzyllo
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
Even pharmaceutical companies are vulnerable to loss of faith
Authors: Steve Hickey
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Electronic data protection: procedures need drastic improvementEditor-Gulena et al are correct to challenge overzealous interpretation of data protection law in their questionnaire survey of patients' and visitors' views about having their names displayed in hospital. 1Measures taken by doctors to safeguard patient confidentiality, especially electronic records, are, however, severely deficient and fuel the concerns of those entrusted to police data security.We invited 32 surgical trainees to complete a questionnaire regarding their Data Protection Act registration and electronic data confidentiality practices.Of 29 responders, 26 trainees regularly computerised and stored patients' data.One person was registered with the Data Protection Act.Only three of 14 desktops, eight of 19 laptops, and three of 14 handheld computers forced a password logon.Sixteen of 29 trainees used the same password for all machines, and 25 of 27 passwords were less than eight characters long.All desktops, 16 of 19 laptops, and five of 14 handhelds were routinely connected to the internet, and half of these had not had their online security settings adjusted.Of 29 trainees, 28 did not encrypt their sensitive data files.Ten trainees had sent patients' data unencrypted over the internet, using a non-secure server.Electronic data confidentiality practices among surgical trainees are unsafe, and this is unlikely to be confined to our study population.A breach in confidentiality would have widespread implications for public trust.][4] Existing passwords should be improved, and biometric logon systems (fingerprint scanning) considered.Files containing sensitive data should be routinely encrypted.Magnetic and solid state computer storage devices (including hard disks, floppy disks, CD Roms, DVD Roms, and memory sticks) should undergo routine physical or electronic data shredding after their final use. 5 We are implementing medical information technology security training for this particu-lar group of doctors and would urge others to initiate similar programmes before a serious breach occurs.
Hepatitis B Virus Infection — Natural History and Clinical Consequences
Authors: Don Ganem, Alfred M. Prince
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

This review article examines the structure and replication cycle of hepatitis B virus and discusses the natural history of primary infection, the mechanisms of clearance of the virus, and reasons for persistent infection. It concludes with a discussion of what we know about the virus and how it causes hepatitis and the implications for treatment.
Israeli team develops new method of in vitro fertilisation
Authors: Judy Siegel Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2004)

An Israeli team of male infertility experts have developed a new step in the reproductive medical technique of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) that they say improves the method's pregnancy rate and the “take home baby” rate.

Professor Benjamin Bartoov, a biochemist and andrologist at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat Gan, developed the new method, which is known as intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) and which has resulted in the births of 101 babies in the past four years.

When ICSI is used in the routine way, one sperm is taken from the sperm pool after routine selection under a regular microscope that magnifies it 200 to 400 times. …
Rifampin-Induced Methadone Withdrawal
Authors: Mary Jeanne Kreek, Jane W. Garfield, Chai Leng Gutjahr, Louise M. Giusti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Rifampin alters the clinical efficacy of oral contraceptive and anticoagulant drugs by mechanisms not completely understood. These effects may be due in part to acceleration of their elimination by enhancement of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities.1 , 2 Several patients in the Bellevue Chest Service Methadone Maintenance Program complained of the onset of withdrawal symptoms when rifampin was administered for treatment of tuberculosis. None of the patients who received isoniazid or ethambutol (or both) had symptoms of withdrawal once stabilized on methadone maintenance, but in a majority of the patients receiving rifampin withdrawal symptoms developed. Since the isoniazid-rifampin regimen is the most . . .
US blocks deal on cheap drugs
Authors: F. Fleck
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The United States has blocked a deal to give African and other developing countries access to affordable lifesaving drugs but called for a temporary moratorium on drug patents until an agreement is reached.

Negotiators for 144 member countries of the World Trade Organization (WTO), who met in Geneva on 20 December, said they were disappointed, because they had pledged to reach an agreement by the end of 2002, under the Doha Declaration a year ago ( BMJ 2001;323:1146).

The plan is to ease …
Emergency Admissions for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases and the Chemical Composition of Fine Particle Air Pollution
Authors: Roger D. Peng, Michelle L. Bell, Alison S. Geyh, Aidan McDermott, Scott L. Zeger, Jonathan M. Samet, Francesca Dominici
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Population-based studies have estimated health risks of short-term exposure to fine particles using mass of PM(2.5) (particulate matter <or= 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter) as the indicator. Evidence regarding the toxicity of the chemical components of the PM(2.5) mixture is limited.In this study we investigated the association between hospital admission for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory disease and the chemical components of PM(2.5) in the United States.We used a national database comprising daily data for 2000-2006 on emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes, ambient levels of major PM(2.5) chemical components [sulfate, nitrate, silicon, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon matter (OCM), and sodium and ammonium ions], and weather. Using Bayesian hierarchical statistical models, we estimated the associations between daily levels of PM(2.5) components and risk of hospital admissions in 119 U.S. urban communities for 12 million Medicare enrollees (>or= 65 years of age).In multiple-pollutant models that adjust for the levels of other pollutants, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in EC was associated with a 0.80% [95% posterior interval (PI), 0.34-1.27%] increase in risk of same-day cardiovascular admissions, and an IQR increase in OCM was associated with a 1.01% (95% PI, 0.04-1.98%) increase in risk of respiratory admissions on the same day. Other components were not associated with cardiovascular or respiratory hospital admissions in multiple-pollutant models.Ambient levels of EC and OCM, which are generated primarily from vehicle emissions, diesel, and wood burning, were associated with the largest risks of emergency hospitalization across the major chemical constituents of PM(2.5).
Expression of a nonmuscle myosin heavy chain in glomerular cells differentiates various types of glomerular disease in rats
Authors: Junko Hiroi, Kenjiro Kimura, Masanori Aikawa, Akihiro Tojo, Yoshio Suzuki, Tadashi Nagamatsu, Masao Omata, Yoshio Yazaki, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Inappropriate Drug Use in Advanced Dementia
Authors: Giuseppe Colloca, Roberto Bernabei, Eva Topinkova, Graziano Onder
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
834. Protective Effect of Bcl-XL Gene Expression on the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injuries
Authors: Kazuaki Uchimoto, Fumikazu Koyama, Kazuo Ohashi, Kenichi Ohtsuki, Hirofumi Hamada, Takeo Nomi, Hisao Fujii, Tomohide Mukogawa, Yoshiyuki Nakajima
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

[Background] Intestinal injuries represent a major dose-limiting side effect of radiation treatment for many malignancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial damages occurred in the mucosal epithelial cells and subsequent release of cytochrome c from the damaged mitochondria resulting in apoptotic changes, are mainly involved in this type of injuries. The present study was designed to determine if transducing a Bcl-XL gene, a potent anti- apoptotic gene, to the epithelial cells could provide protective effects on the radiation-induced acute injuries of the small intestine. [Methods] C57Bl/6 mice were used in this study. Adenoviral vectors containing the human Bcl-XL gene (Ad-Bcl-XL) or ?-galactosidase gene (Ad-LacZ) driven by CAG promoter were generated. In order to increase the transduction efficiency to the mucosal epithelium, especially to the intestinal crypts, we first washed the intraluminal space of the small intestine with PBS and digested mucus components with pronase. Adenoviral vector infections were performed by injecting 2x10(8) pfu adenoviral vectors into 2cm portion of the pronase-treated small intestine that had been transiently clamped on both side. These clamps were removed 30 min after the vector infusion. Transduction efficiencies of the mucosal epithelial cells were examined by X-gal staining 24 hours after Ad-LacZ infection. Radiation-induced acute injuries of the small intestine were introduced by whole body irradiation (15 Gy) performed 24 hours after the adenoviral vector infection. Six hours after the radiation, apoptotic epithelial cells were visualized by TUNEL assay. Seventy-two hours after the radiation, morphological appearance of the small intestines was assessed by histological examination. [Results] With the method for adenoviral vector infection developed herein, successful transfection could be achieved to the intestinal mucosa determined by X-gal staining. When we irradiated to the mice after the vector infection, Ad-Bcl-XL group demonstrated significantly lower number of radiation-induced apoptotic mucosal epithelial cells compared with the other two control groups examined 6 hours after the irradiation (P<0.05). At 72 hours after the irradiation, morphological appearance of the small intestine of the Ad-Bcl-XL group showed significant prevention from the irradiation damages in terms of the mucosal thickness (P<0.001) compared with control groups. [Conclusion] The present study demonstrates in principle that Bcl-XL gene expression using adenoviral vector-mediated transfection could be a valuable approach in protecting intestinal injuries from ionizing radiation.
120 Monitoring for minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) before and after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX)
Authors: F. Del Piccolo, A. Biancardi, D. Mapelli, M. Muraca, C. Poci, P. Angeli, G. Merenda, G. Gerunda, P. Amadio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)