tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US encourages flu jabs for infants aged under 2
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Infants and children aged under 2 years are extremely susceptible to influenza virus and should receive flu jabs, says the vaccine advisory committee of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The Advisory Committee of Immunisation Practices is urging flu vaccination of infants aged 6 months to 23 months, starting at the beginning of the next flu season (autumn 2002-3).

Although the committee fell short of making a full recommendation, it is expected to make …
A CASE OF TUBAL PREGNANCY WITH EARLY OPERATION
Authors: H. F. Warner
Journal: BMJ (1909)

I9oglimbs were well developed, with perfect hands and feet, bearing equally perfect fingers and toes; the nails were very short.The external organs were of the female type, distinct and without any visible anomaly; meconium escaped from the rectum, and there was no sign of spinal deformity, fissures of the lip and palate, or ectopia of the viscera.This fetus moved its limbs and distinctly cried when extracted, and it showed signs of life for some -minutes after delivery.At the end of the fifth month the fetus of intrauterine pregnancy measures about 25 cm. in height.Granting that-an ectopic fetus is less well- developed, especially as regards nutrition, I think that the proportions in this specimen indicate that the pregnancy had advanced to the end of the fiTth month.Placenta and Cord.The placenta, as I have already stated, was torn through during extraction.The greater part, very thick, appeared quite normal; but at the edge there was a large infarct, over-2 in.long by 1 in.broad and 1 in.thick.The laceration during
Desmin Myopathy, a Skeletal Myopathy with Cardiomyopathy Caused by Mutations in the Desmin Gene
Authors: Marinos C. Dalakas, Kye-Yoon Park, Cristina Semino-Mora, Hee Suk Lee, Kumaraswamy Sivakumar, Lev G. Goldfarb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Myofibrillar myopathies, often referred to as desmin-related myopathies, are a heterogeneous group of inherited or sporadic distal-onset skeletal myopathies associated with cardiomyopathy. Among the myofibrillar proteins that characteristically accumulate within the muscle fibers of affected patients, the one found most consistently is desmin, a muscle-specific intermediate-filament protein responsible for the structural integrity of the myofibrils. Skeletal and cardiac myopathy develops in mice that lack desmin, suggesting that mutations in the desmin gene may be pathogenic.We examined 22 patients from 8 families with dominantly inherited myofibrillar or desmin-related myopathy and 2 patients with sporadic disease and analyzed the desmin gene for mutations, using complementary DNA (cDNA) amplified from muscle-biopsy specimens and genomic DNA extracted from blood lymphocytes. Restriction-enzyme analysis was used to confirm the mutations. Expression vectors containing normal or mutant desmin cDNA were introduced into cultured cells to determine whether the mutant desmin formed intermediate filaments.Six missense mutations in the coding region of the desmin gene that cause the substitution of an amino acid were identified in 11 patients (10 members of 4 families and 1 patient with sporadic disease); a splicing defect that resulted in the deletion of exon 3 was identified in the other patient with sporadic disease. Mutations were clustered in the carboxy-terminal part of the rod domain, which is critical for filament assembly. In transfected cells, the mutant desmin was unable to form a filamentous network. Seven of the 12 patients with mutations in the desmin gene had cardiomyopathy.Mutations in the desmin gene affecting intermediate filaments cause a distinct myopathy that is often associated with cardiomyopathy and is termed "desmin myopathy." The mutant desmin interferes with the normal assembly of intermediate filaments, resulting in fragility of the myofibrils and severe dysfunction of skeletal and cardiac muscles.
Stable Epigenetic Effects Impact Adaptation in Allopolyploid Orchids (Dactylorhiza: Orchidaceae)
Authors: O. Paun, R. M. Bateman, M. F. Fay, M. Hedren, L. Civeyrel, M. W. Chase
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Epigenetic information includes heritable signals that modulate gene expression but are not encoded in the primary nucleotide sequence. We have studied natural epigenetic variation in three allotetraploid sibling orchid species (Dactylorhiza majalis s.str, D. traunsteineri s.l., and D. ebudensis) that differ radically in geography/ecology. The epigenetic variation released by genome doubling has been restructured in species-specific patterns that reflect their recent evolutionary history and have an impact on their ecology and evolution, hundreds of generations after their formation. Using two contrasting approaches that yielded largely congruent results, epigenome scans pinpointed epiloci under divergent selection that correlate with eco-environmental variables, mainly related to water availability and temperature. The stable epigenetic divergence in this group is largely responsible for persistent ecological differences, which then set the stage for species-specific genetic patterns to accumulate in response to further selection and/or drift. Our results strongly suggest a need to expand our current evolutionary framework to encompass a complementary epigenetic dimension when seeking to understand population processes that drive phenotypic evolution and adaptation.
TCT-102 Incidence Of Angina And Chest Pain Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Retrospective Analysis Using Administrative Claims Data In The United States
Authors: Ori Ben-Yehuda, Machaon Bonafede, Mark Hlatky, Sally Wade, Susanne F. Machacz, Leslie Stephens, John B. Hernandez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Survey of general practitioners' attitudes to AIDS in the North West Thames and East Anglian regions
Authors: R. Boyton, G. Scambler
Journal: BMJ (1988)

As the numbers of people suffering from human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) increase, so will the contribution to care required from general practice. A postal questionnaire survey was therefore carried out among general practitioners in the North West Thames and East Anglian regions to determine their attitudes to AIDS and the issues it raises for them. One hundred and thirty seven questionnaires were returned (response rate 57%) and four factors underlying the doctors9 attitudes identified; these concerned disease control, general practitioner care, patient support, and perception of seriousness. There were wide divergencies of attitude among the general practitioners, younger doctors being more in line with specialist thinking on AIDS than older colleagues, and evidence of important gaps between policies advocated by AIDS specialists and bodies of opinion in general practice. Attitudes to AIDS in general practice may partly be a function of personal experience; further study is required.
Differential effects of Rho-kinase inhibitor and angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist on the vascular function in hypertensive rats induced by chronic l-NAME treatment
Authors: Bainian Chen, Lili Shi, Xiaoyan Yu, Jialin Sun, Hengai Zhang, Shoubao Wang, Lianhua Fang, Guanhua Du
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Little attention has been paid to the effect of Rho-kinase inhibitor on the vascular dysfunction of nitric oxide-deficient hypertension. We aimed to investigate whether the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil showed beneficial effect on the vascular dysfunction of the NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) treated rat, as well as to compare the differential effects of fasudil and angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan on vascular function. In the present study, both valsartan and fasudil exerted antihypertensive action on the l-NAME-treated rats, while only valsartan attenuated the cardiac hypertrophy. Treatment with valsartan showed improvement on vascular reactivity to norepinephrine, KCl and CaCl2, whereas fasudil therapy showed little effect on vasoconstriction. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine was reduced in the NO-deficient group but was normalized by the fasudil therapy. The increased expression of RhoA and Rho-kinase (ROCK) in the vasculature was corrected well to normal level by either valsartan or fasudil administration, which seemed to be at least partially responsible for the beneficial effect of the drug infusion. These findings suggest that the angiotensin II receptor antagonist interferes more with the contractile response than Rho-kinase inhibitor, whereas inhibition of Rho-kinase activity exhibits a better improvement on vasorelaxation than blockade of angiotensin II receptor.
735. Femtosecond Laser- A New Intradermal DNA Delivery Method for Gene Expression and Vaccination
Authors: Evelyne Zeira, Alexandra Manevitch, Zakharia Manevitch, Menahem Harati, Hagit Yotvat, Michal Gropp, Orit Papo, Nili Daudi, Eli Kedar, Aaron Lewis, Eithan Galun
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The skin is an ideal target for naked DNA delivery for gene expression and vaccination, due to ease of administration and presence of a large number of antigen-presenting cells within the tissue. There are several different methods to transfer naked DNA to the skin. However, some of these delivery methods encounter low level of transfection efficiency and lack of sustained expression. We propose a new and highly efficient method of dermal gene transduction - the Laser Beam Gene Transduction method (LBGT). Methods. Using a femtosecond infrared titanium sapphire laser beam as a laser source illumination, the shaved back skin of Balb/c mice was exposed for assessment of LBGT. The pCAG/Luc construct was used for luc expression. For in vivo real time continuous luc expression, the bioluminescence CCCD system was used (Zeira et al. Mol. Ther. 4:239, 2001). For assessment of this delivery method for vaccination, we used the pCMV/HBsAg vector. Results. A single intra-dermal injection of 10mg of pCAG/Luc followed by laser beam illumination for 2 minutes, resulted in an increase of transgene expression for up to an average of 1000-fold on day 43, relative to naked DNA injection. Characterization studies revealed the optimal conditions for LBGT into the mice dermis. Gene expression following LBGT continued for > 50 days. In mice immunized with the HBsAg plasmid, (10|[mu]|g) on day 0 and 21, HBsAg antibody titers were detected shortly after the first injection and continued to increase over one month, and were significantly higher than titers obtained by naked DNA administration without LBGT. Conclusion. Delivery of DNA plasmid into the dermis by LBGT is highly efficient for transgene expression and for elicitation of immune response. These results provide a proof of principle that femtosecond laser may appear as a novel method for the administration of DNA-based vaccines.
Renal Atrophy Associated with Long-Term Treatment with Indinavir
Authors: Hideji Hanabusa, Hisamichi Tagami, Hiroshi Hataya
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–protease inhibitor, improves survival in HIV-infected patients. Although urolithiasis and renal dysfunction are associated with short-...
Doctors condemn Hunt's plan to link emergency department funding to staff flu vaccination rates
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Public health and emergency doctors’ leaders have denounced England’s health secretary for linking extra payments to hospital accident and emergency departments to flu vaccination rates among staff, criticising him for taking the wrong tack to protect vulnerable patients.

Hunt announced the plan last week when he described how the extra £250m (€300m; $400m) for emergency services in England for 2013-14 would be allocated. A further £250m is being made available to help emergency services next year, but these payments will be made in full only to trusts where 75% of their staff members are vaccinated against flu this year, said the department, although it could not say how much of the payment trusts would lose if …
Parathyroid Klotho and FGF-receptor 1 expression decline with renal function in hyperparathyroid patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Tijana Krajisnik, Hannes Olauson, Majd A.I. Mirza, Per Hellman, Göran Åkerström, Gunnar Westin, Tobias E. Larsson, Peyman Björklund
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
SARCOMA OF VERMIFORM APPENDIX.-SARCOMA OF THE EXTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE.
Authors: THEO. G. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

I. H., male, aged 51 years, blacksmith, had for more than a year recurrent attacks of pain in the right iliac fossa, becoming more severe, so that five weeks before entering Bridgeton Hospital, for operation, he had been confined to the house for three weeks by an attack. The question of malignancy was considered, because his father had died of "cancer," and on tracing history of father's case, I find that the cecum was much thickened and softened, but no microscopic examination was made. I mention this because Hollender has recently stated that "cancer of intestine is apt to recur in families." Having opened the abdomen, by the usual incision, we found the appendix lying posterior of cecum, pointing upward and slightly outward, firmly adherent and bound down by results of previous inflammation. It was severed near the cecum, and peritoneum closed over stump by mattress sutures; the cecum did
Biological mediators for periodontal regeneration
Authors: David L. Cochran, John M. Wozney
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (1999)

A review of the literature on the use of growth-regulatory molecules in the oral cavity permits a model in which to consider approaches to oral tissue engineering. These concepts apply to periodontal regeneration and to regeneration of alveolar bone. In either case, the formation of tissues is complex but proceeds in a deliberate and orderly sequence. In these sequence of events resulting in either bone or cementum formation, periodontal ligament and bone can be stimulated at various points. Different signals can apparently be used to stimulate tissue formation including mitogenic signals and differentiation factors. Additionally, both hard and soft tissue stimulatory molecules appear to be permissive. Classic receptor-mediated peptides or extracellular matrix molecules for soft and hard tissues appear to allow stimulation of tissue formation cascades. Importantly, it also appears that the stimulatory event is transitory (that is, short-lived) and leads itself to a sequence of cellular events. These cellular events in turn stimulate a number of subsequent events (such as chemotaxis, proliferation, differentiation or angiogenesis), which lead to further progression of tissue formation. While a solid scientific rationale exists for the use of a variety of growth and attachment factors in regeneration of oral tissues, only a small number are being pursued clinically. Many therapeutic regimens have failed in preclinical testing or have resulted in limited regenerative capacity. The mitogenic polypeptides that stimulate soft tissue growth (such as platelet-derived growth factor) and both hard and soft tissue growth (such as transforming growth factor-beta) appear to have not led to successful enough outcomes to facilitate further work towards regulatory approval. The demonstrated ability of bone morphogenetic proteins to generate substantial quantities of bone suggest many applications in the oral cavity where this is the only tissue desired. Another therapeutic candidate is enamel matrix derivative, a set of matrix proteins. Enamel matrix derivative appears to stimulate first acellular cementum formation, which may allow for functional periodontal ligament formation. It will be of interest in the future to determine whether the protein matrix contains classic mitogenic or differentiation factors as well as the amelogenins. It is also evident that the bone morphogenetic proteins permit periodontal ligament formation. The conditions for stimulating predictable periodontal ligament tissues with bone morphogenetic proteins however are not known. It is clear that the bone morphogenetic proteins are excellent molecules for stimulating oral bone formation. The results of all these studies will determine the future therapeutic potential for these growth molecules such that they may be used to optimally stimulate and direct specific points along tissue formation cascades.
Antioxidant macromolecules in the epithelial lining fluid of the normal human lower respiratory tract.
Authors: A M Cantin, G A Fells, R C Hubbard, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

We hypothesized that the alveolar structures may contain extracellular macromolecules with antioxidant properties to defend against oxidants. To evaluate this 51Cr-labeled human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) and cat lung epithelial cells (AKD) were exposed to a H2O2-generating system and alveolar epithelial lining fluid (ELF) from healthy nonsmokers was tested for its ability to protect the lung cells from H2O2-mediated injury. The ELF provided marked antioxidant protection, with most from a H2O-soluble fraction in the 100-300-kD range. Plasma proteins with anti-H2O2 properties were in insufficient concentrations to provide the antioxidant protection observed. However, catalase, a normal intracellular antioxidant, was present in sufficient concentration to account for most of the observed anti-H2O2 properties of ELF. Depletion of ELF with an anticatalase antibody abolished the anti-H2O2 macromolecular defenses of ELF. Since catalase is not normally released by cells, a likely explanation for its presence in high concentrations in normal ELF is that it is released by lung inflammatory and parenchymal cells onto the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract during their normal turnover and collects there due to the slow turnover of ELF. It is likely that catalase in the ELF of normal individuals plays a role in protecting lung parenchymal cells against oxidants present in the extracellular milieu.
Is Tardive Dyskinesia a Tic?
Authors: V. Siomopoulos
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Denckla et al (235: 1349, 1976) and Osterberg and Sax (236:823, 1976) have recently suggested that certain drug-induced dyskinesias may be likened to tics. I made a similar suggestion in an earlier report<sup>1</sup>on the condition known as tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a well-defined syndrome consisting of involuntary stereotyped movements of the lips, tongue, and jaws, singly or in combination, which may sometimes be accompanied by choreiform movements of the limbs or trunk. It may appear after several weeks, months, or years of treatment with antipsychotic drugs, and is more common in elderly female patients with missing teeth or ill-fitting dentures and in patients with brain damage. Tics are generally regarded as conditioned reflexes that are originally precipitated by some physical or emotional stimulus and are perpetuated as coordinated, stereotyped, relatively involuntary movements. Tardive dyskinesia may be conceptualized as a conditioned response to local aversive
Occupational protein contact dermatitis from herring
Authors: M. D. Alonso, I. Dávila, L. Conde Salazar, M. Cuevas, J. A. Martin, M. D. Guimaraens, E. Losada
Journal: Allergy (1993)

We present a case of occupational protein contact dermatitis caused by herring in a dolphinarium worker. The in vivo and in vitro tests results indicated a type I allergic mechanism. In vivo cross‐reactivity among fish belonging to the Clupeiformes order was observed.
Peritoneal dialysis in infants.
Authors: M D Donaldson, P Spurgeon, G B Haycock, C Chantler
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A commercially available closed dialysis system and a new peritoneal cannula with potential advantages for infants have been developed. The dialysis set includes three dialysate bags that may be connected to the filling burette; the warming coil of the set is placed in a thermostatically controlled water bath. The peritoneal catheter comprises a flexible tube with side holes and a sharp short bevelled needle with obturator. Advantages of the new equipment over previously available equipment are that the cannula is easier to insert; there is less risk of contaminating the dialysate since the tubing set is unbroken from supply to cannula; the mix of the dialysate may be changed easily without interrupting dialysis; and the equipment may be assembled easily by unskilled staff.
Spectral characteristics of heart rate variability before and during postural tilt. Relations to aging and risk of syncope.
Authors: L A Lipsitz, J Mietus, G B Moody, A L Goldberger
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Fourier analysis of heart rate (HR) may be used to characterize overall HR variability as well as low- and high-frequency components attributable to sympathetic and vagal influences, respectively. We analyzed HR spectral characteristics of 12 healthy young (18-35 years) and 10 healthy old (71-94 years) subjects before and during 60 degrees head-up tilt. Total spectral power in the 0.01-0.40-Hz frequency range and low-frequency (0.06-0.10 Hz) and high-frequency (0.15-0.40 Hz) components of the HR power spectrum were significantly lower in old than in young subjects in supine and upright positions. To characterize and compare overall HR variability in young and old subjects, we computed the regression lines relating the log amplitude to the log frequency of the supine HR spectra (l/fx plots). The regression lines for old subjects were lower and steeper (mean slope, -0.78 [5%, 95% confidence limits (CL), -0.73, -0.83]) than in young (mean slope, -0.67 [CL, -0.62, -0.72]), indicating not only reduced overall spectral amplitude but also relatively greater attenuation of high-frequency HR components in the old subjects. This finding illustrates a novel way to quantify the loss of autonomic influences on HR regulation as a function of age. During postural tilt, HR variability was unchanged in the old subjects. For the entire group of young subjects, total HR variability increased during tilt. Six young subjects developed vasovagal syncope during tilt, enabling us to examine differences in the HR spectra of these subjects while they were asymptomatic before syncope.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Marked Hypoglycemia Associated with Nonpancreatic Tumors
Authors: Richard S. Silvis, Daniel S. Simon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE association of nonpancreatic tumors with hypoglycemia is a rare and fascinating combination. In 1939, Seckel1 reported a case of a fifty-six-year-old man with an eight-week history of episodes of unconsciousness that were finally recognized as attacks of hypoglycemia. The blood sugar on fasting and during attacks was usually between 26 and 44 mg. per 100 cc. and occasionally higher (72 mg. per 100 cc). The seizures were stopped and prevented by administration of large amounts of glucose by mouth and parenterally. The alimentary glucose tolerance test showed a high rise, falling off to 30 mg. per 100 cc. at . . .
Gallium-67 Imaging in Pulmonary Eosinophilic Granuloma
Authors: MOHANLAL C. MAKHIJA, GEORGE DAVIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Gallium-67 citrate has been known to localize in the lungs in a variety of pulmonary diseases. Abnormal lung activity implies active underlying disease. Serial Ga-67 lung scans may be helpful when steroids are used as therapeutic agents. A case of pulmonary eosinophic granuloma is reported here with diffuse bilateral Ga-67 pulmonary activity.