tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Ars Medica Collection at the Philadelphia Museum of Art
Authors: William H. Helfand, John Ittmann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings4 July 2000The Ars Medica Collection at the Philadelphia Museum of ArtWilliam H. Helfand and John IttmannWilliam H. HelfandSearch for more papers by this author and John IttmannSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-1-200007040-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Ever since its establishment in 1948, the Ars Medica Collection in the Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs at the Philadelphia Museum of Art has been carefully and continuously nurtured; it now ranks as a major resource of worldwide reputation. Numbering more than 2000 works on paper, its contents range from a French early 15th-century illuminated miniature on vellum of Saint Apollonia (to whom one prayed for toothache relief) to a 1980s AIDS poster. Its subject matter reflects the broadest spectrum of medical topics, including examples from pharmacy, dentistry, nursing, and even veterinary medicine.Significant modern collections of medical images ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: William Helfand, 2 Sutton Place South, New York, NY 10022.Current Author Addresses: Mr. Helfand: 2 Sutton Place South, New York, NY 10022Mr. Ittmann: Philadelphia Museum of Art, PO Box 7646, Philadelphia, PA 19106-7646. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByZeynep Kamil Hastanesi Tarihinden Efemeralar 4 July 2000Volume 133, Issue 1Page: 76-79KeywordsAIDSDentistryGoutHistory of medicineInfectious diseasesLibrariesNursesSleepSurgeonsSurgery Issue Published: 4 July 2000 CopyrightCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A rare cause of gastric malignancy: Burkitt’s lymphoma
Authors: Iliana Doycheva, Stacy Tanner, Delu Zhou, N. Samadder
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 33-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension. Initial laboratory tests were significant for white blood cell count (12 × 109/L), creatinine (1.4 mg/dL), and lactic acid dehydrogenase (2014 U/L). Computed tomography scan showed severe thickening of the gastric body, ascites, and peritoneal induration ([Fig. 1 a]). Based on these findings the patient underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which revealed diffusely ulcerated mucosa involving the majority of the gastric body ([Fig. 1 b]). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) demonstrated gastric wall thickening of up to 50 mm ([Fig. 1 c]). Mucosal biopsies and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the gastric wall were performed. Epstein – Barr virus and HIV serology were negative, whereas Helicobacter pylori serology was positive.
IMPACT OF SCAR BURDEN BY SPECT PERFUSION IMAGING AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DYSSYNCHRONY ON LONG-TERM OUTCOME AFTER CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Hidekazu Tanaka, Evan C. Adelstein, Prem Soman, Glen Miske, Stephanie C. Haberman, Samir Saba, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Ooplasmic Transfer — Proceed with Care
Authors: Allan Templeton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Ooplasmic transfer is a novel approach to the treatment of infertility due to recurrent failure of oocyte implantation after in vitro fertilization. To restore oocyte viability, ooplasm from a normal donor is removed with a micropipette and injected into an oocyte from the infertile woman. The resulting oocyte, which is fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection, contains mitochondrial DNA from both women. The author discusses the potential benefits and risks, as well as the ethical aspects, of this new approach to the treatment of infertility.
EUS-guided gallbladder drainage and hepaticogastrostomy for acute cholecystitis and obstructive jaundice (with video)
Authors: Takeshi Ogura, Daisuke Masuda, Akira Imoto, Eiji Umegaki, Kazuhide Higuchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gallbladder drainage has been reported in patients who are unsuitable candidates for cholecystectomy [1] [2]. However, this procedure can also lead to several complications, including stent migration. Novel methods or new devices are required to prevent these complications.
76. New Strategy To Improve Imaging and Retargeting of HSV-1 Vectors
Authors: Paola Grandi, Trevor D. McKee, Wilson Mok, Juliet L. Fernandez, Xandra O. Breakefield, Rakesh K. Jain
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Over the past ten years a number of synthetic and viral vectors have been developed to deliver transgenes with potential applications for treatment of tumors.
Principles of Scientific Literature Evaluation: Critiquing Clinical Drug Trials
Authors: Joseph Lau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 March 2004Principles of Scientific Literature Evaluation: Critiquing Clinical Drug TrialsJoseph Lau, MDJoseph Lau, MDFrom Tufts–New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-6-200403160-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Ascione FJ. 198 pages. Washington, DC: American Pharmaceutical Assoc; 2001. $45.00. ISBN 1582120080. Order phone 800-878-0729.Field of medicine: Critical appraisal of clinical literature.Audience: Pharmacy students; clinicians who are interested in learning about the basic issues in critical appraisal of clinical drug trials.Purpose: To provide a structured approach to assess the quality of published articles of clinical drug trials and to understand the scientific and regulatory basis of drug information and scientific literature evaluation.Content: Following an introductory chapter, the 8 subsequent chapters are organized according to a series of 23 questions to be addressed in the critique ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Tufts–New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 March 2004Volume 140, Issue 6Page: 496KeywordsClinical trial reportingClinical trialsData managementDrug informationDrug regulationDrugsEvidence based medicineHealth careSoftware toolsSystematic reviews ePublished: 16 March 2004 Issue Published: 16 March 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nature and Treatment of Cancer
Authors: A. Ure
Journal: BMJ (1852)

THE elements of every cancerous growth are the cells of cancer, inter- mixed with the structure of any of the tissues which compose the body.The result of this is the substitution of a new, for the natural tissue of the part.The cancer cell is remarkable for its multiform character.No one shape is to be considered as certainly and alone characteristic; on the contrary, it will be found that the cancer cell affects a variety of forms.That these different forms are only modifications, is insisted upon by M. Lebert, who, in his Practical Treatise on Canceros Mala- dies, and on Curable Affctions which may be confounded with Cancer, published last year, says: "The type of the cancer cell is a small regular sphere, with an elliptical nucleus, occupying about half of the interior of the cell, and containing one or more nucleoli; but that type is not often distinct.The cellular envelope takes the ovoid, triangular, heart, and caudate shape....It would be useless to recount here all the shapes assumed by the cancer cell; it is sufficient to remark, that in no other cell do we observe this multiformity of the cell wall to the same degree."The nucleus, according to this author, is the constant element of the cancer cell.I believe, however, that many cancer cells will be met with, in which no nucleus is to be discerned.Cancer is to be regarded as a specific malady.It is to be met with in almost every tissue of the human frame.It assails alike skin, mucous membrane, muscles, fibrous tissue, and nerve, and is even de- posited in the medullary cavities of bones.It has a marked tendency to spread in all directions, and to return again when removed, either in the place it originally occupied, or in some other part of the body.It eventually contaminates, so to speak, the whole animal economy,
Immunologic findings in workers formerly exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and its congeners.
Authors: D Jung, P A Berg, L Edler, W Ehrenthal, D Fenner, D Flesch-Janys, C Huber, R Klein, C Koitka, G Lucier, A Manz, A Muttray, L Needham, O Päpke, M Pietsch, C Portier, D Patterson, W Prellwitz, D M Rose, A Thews, J Konietzko
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

One hundred ninety-two workers in a German pesticide factory who were exposed to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDD/PCDF) were investigated for former and present diseases and laboratory changes of the immune system. Moreover, in a subgroup of 29 highly exposed and 28 control persons, proliferation studies were performed. In addition to assays such as blood count, immunoglobulins, serum electrophoresis, monoclonal bands, surface markers, autoantibodies, and lymphocyte proliferation, two new methods, the rise of tetanus antibody concentration after vaccination and the in vitro resistance of lymphocytes to chromate, were used to diagnose the morphologic and functional state of the immune system. There was no stringent correlation of actual PCDD/PCDF concentrations with the occurrence of infections or with one of the immune parameters. In addition, outcomes of the tetanus vaccination and the chromate resistance test were not correlated with PCDD/PCDF. However, the chromate resistance of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin of highly exposed persons was significantly lower than that for the control group. These findings indicate that the function of lymphocytes can be stressed and possibly impaired by high exposure to PCDD/PCDF.
Father's occupational exposure to radiation and the raised level of childhood leukemia near the Sellafield nuclear plant.
Authors: M J Gardner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The first indications that childhood leukemia rates may be raised near the Sellafield nuclear plant in West Cumbria, England, came from largely anecdotal evidence in a television program "Windscale: The Nuclear Laundry" shown during 1983. During subsequent years, various epidemiological studies have investigated the claim in more detail. Geographical analyses of childhood leukemia incidence in the northern region and mortality in England and Wales using routinely available data made the first contribution. As a result, it was confirmed that leukemia rates in the area, particularly the neighboring village of Seascale, were high compared to other districts, although not totally extreme. Cohort studies of children born in Seascale or attending schools in Seascale were carried out to resolve some of the difficulties of interpretation of geographical analysis. Cohort studies indicated that the excess of leukemia was concentrated among children born in Seascale and was not found among those moving in after birth and suggested that any causal factors may be acting before birth or very early in life. A case-control study of leukemia (and lymphoma) among young people in West Cumbria has examined potentially important individual factors in detail. The study demonstrated a relationship between the raised incidence of leukemia in children and father's recorded external radiation dose during work at Sellafield before his child's conception. The association can effectively explain statistically the observed geographical excess.
Abstract P3-12-10: Feasibility of four cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide every 14 days as an adjuvant regimen for breast cancer: A Wisconsin oncology network study
Authors: KB Wisinski, ME Burkard, U Njiaju, S Donohue, R Hegeman, A Stella, P Mansky, V Shah, T Goggins, R Qamar, L Dietrich, K Kim, A Traynor, A Tevaarwerk
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Dose-dense therapies have had a major impact on reducing toxicity and improving outcomes in breast cancer. A combination of docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide (TC) every 3 weeks has emerged as a common chemotherapy regimen used for treatment of node-negative or lower-risk node-positive breast cancer. We tested whether it is feasible to deliver TC on a dose-dense schedule. Patients and Methods: We enrolled women with early stage breast cancer on a single-arm phase II study of adjuvant dose-dense TC (ddTC) through a regional oncology network (WON). All women completed primary surgery; subsequent therapy with TC was deemed appropriate by the treating physician. Planned treatment was docetaxel 75 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 every 2 weeks for 4 cycles with subcutaneous pegfilgrastim 6 mg administered 24-48 hours after the administration of each chemotherapy cycle. The primary endpoint was feasibility of administering therapy within 10 weeks. A Simon Optimal 2-Stage design was employed for the study design. Results: Of 42 women enrolled, 41 were evaluable by prespecified criteria. Median age was 54 (28-73). Most subjects had node negative (73%) or hormone receptor positive (71%) tumors. Of the 41 subjects, 37 (90.2%) completed therapy within 10 weeks and 34 (83%) completed therapy at 8 weeks without dose modification. Rates of grade 2 neuropathy were similar to that reported previously (15%) and there were no cases of grade 3 or higher neuropathy. The rate of neutropenic fever was low (2.5%). Rash and plantar/palmar erythrodythesia were common and reached grade 3 in four subjects (9.8%). Conclusion: Dose-dense TC is feasible with tolerability profiles similar to standard TC and a low likelihood of neutropenic fever. This study supports further clinical development of this 8-week adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-12-10.
The Nature of IgG Complexes in Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Phillip H. Stoltenberg, Ronald D. Soltis
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Circulating immune complexes have been described in most liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, although their pathogenic significance remains unclear. Currently available immune complex assays do not distinguish immunoglobulin aggregates from antigen-antibody complexes. Immunoglobulin aggregate formation occurs in vitro at 37°C in the presence of hypergammaglobulinemia and/or hypoalbuminemia, conditions common in liver disease. To determine if hypergammaglobulinemia and/or hypoalbuminemia could predispose to immunoglobulin aggregate formation in vivo , 25 patients with alcoholic liver disease were studied. Using sucrose density gradient fractionation followed by quantitation of IgG by radioimmunoassay, high molecular weight IgG complexes (&gt;11S) were frequently present in alcoholic liver disease sera, and correlated with the degree of hypergammaglobulinemia and/or hypoalbuminemia, and with 125 I-Clq binding activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of these complexes revealed only IgG and nonspecific trapping of several normal serum proteins. A specific complex-associated antigen could not be identified. While small, undetectable quantities of true antigen-antibody complexes might also be present, our data suggest that IgG complexes in alcoholic liver disease may represent immunoglobulin aggregate formation in vivo.
THE BEHAVIOR OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW AFTER PARTIAL CONSTRICTION OF THE RENAL ARTERY
Authors: Henry A. Schroeder, J. Murray Steele
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

1. Studies have been made of the behavior of renal blood flow after partial constriction of the renal artery in twenty-four dogs. 2. When reduction in renal blood flow is produced by partial constriction of the renal artery, a readjustment of flow in the direction of normal occurs within a few minutes, subsequent constriction being again followed by a return of flow toward normal until the artery is markedly constricted. 3. Renal blood flow after marked constriction of the artery becomes extremely susceptible to the vasoconstrictive action of small doses of adrenalin, and flow may cease with larger doses for a considerable period of time. 4. Arterial hypertension of significant degree may follow partial constriction of one renal artery during brief experiments when adrenalin in addition has been administered. 5. Further evidence is presented in favor of the concept that the renal circulation enjoys a control independent of systemic arterial pressure.
Bacterial Priming Increases Lung Injury in Gram-negative Sepsis
Authors: KAREN E. WELTY-WOLF, MARTHA SUE CARRAWAY, Y.-C. T. HUANG, STEVEN G. SIMONSON, STEPHEN P. KANTROW, CLAUDE A. PIANTADOSI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Sepsis syndrome is a leading cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the development of acute lung injury is highly variable for reasons that are poorly understood. We hypothesized that nonlethal systemic exposure to gram-negative bacteria, with its consequent activation of inflammatory processes, would increase functional and structural lung injury on a second exposure to live organisms, as compared with exposure of naive animals. Sixteen adult baboons received 1 to 2 × 1010 colony-forming-units (cfu)/kg Escherichia coli by intravenous infusion. Eight animals received live bacteria as a single infusion, whereas the other eight received 10% of the total dose as heat-killed organisms (priming dose) 12 h before the live infusion. Pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamics were monitored for 48 h or until blood pressure could not be maintained. The animals were killed and one lung was processed for electron microscopy and morphometry. Group data were compared through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The systemic circulatory responses to the bacterial challenge were similar, although less severe shock occurred in primed animals. In contrast, primed animals had increased structural damage involving lung epithelium and endothelium, and showed increased cellularity of the interstitium. The morphologic evidence of increased lung injury in septic animals with prior exposure to heat-killed bacteria suggests that prior activation of systemic inflammatory responses is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of ARDS.
Predictors of Early and Late Enrollment in Cardiac Rehabilitation, Among Those Referred, After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Susmita Parashar, John A. Spertus, Fengming Tang, Kathy L. Bishop, Viola Vaccarino, Charles F. Jackson, Thomas F. Boyden, Laurence Sperling
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a Class I recommendation. Although referral to CR after an AMI has recently become a performance measure, many patients may not participate. To illuminate potential barriers to participation, we examined the prevalence of, and patient-related factors associated with, CR participation within 1 and 6 months after an AMI. Methods and Results— We studied 2096 AMI patients enrolled from 19 US sites in the Prospective Registry Evaluating outcomes after Myocardial Infarction: Events and Recovery (PREMIER) registry. Analyses were limited to those patients referred for CR at the time of AMI hospitalization. A multivariable, conditional logistic regression model, stratified by hospital, was used to identify sociodemographic, comorbidity, and clinical factors independently associated with CR participation within 1 and 6 months of AMI hospital discharge. Only 29% (419/1450) and 48.25% (650/1347) of AMI patients who received referral for CR participated within 1 and 6 months after discharge, respectively. Women (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–0.86), uninsured (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21–0.71), and patients with hypertension (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.43–0.78) and peripheral arterial disease (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22–0.85) were less likely to participate at 1 month. At 6 months after AMI, older patients (OR, 0.85 for each 10-year increment; 95% CI, 0.74–0.97), smokers (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.44–0.80), and patients with economic burden (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38–0.81) were less likely to participate. Caucasians (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16–2.58) and educated patients (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.42–2.30) were more likely to participate at 6 months. Patients with previous percutaneous interventions were less likely to participate at both 1 and 6 months post-AMI. Conclusions— Among patients referred for CR post-AMI, participation remains low both at 1 and 6 months after AMI. Because CR is associated with beneficial changes in cardiovascular risk factors and better outcomes after AMI, more aggressive efforts are needed to increase CR participation after referral.
The response of healthy men to treadmill exercise.
Authors: R A Wolthuis, V F Froelicher, J Fischer, J H Triebwasser
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Heart rates, blood pressures, and functional responses to submaximal, maximal and postexertional treadmill testing are presented for a group of 704 healthy, asymptomatic aircrewmen referred to the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. The indicated measurements are individually described by the use of percentiles. These data provide the practicing clinician with an accurate and complete description of the response of healthy men to treadmill exercise.
Complications of Cancer: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Jacob D. Bitran
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Dr Abeloff and his colleagues at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have written an up-to-date, informative text on the management of complications from cancer. Their aim, to "help remove care of the cancer patient from the realm of the occult," has been accomplished. The entire gamut of cancer-related complications is succinctly covered in the 15 chapters of this text. The chapters on infectious complications, ectopic hormones, bone and mineral metabolism, and the late effects of cancer are written by experts in the field, and the references are current. I certainly think that any primary care physician, internist, or generalist, as well as house officers who are involved with the day-to-day care of cancer patients, will find this text informative and a valuable reference source. The first chapter, written by Dr Abeloff, deals with effective patient communication. The tradition at Johns Hopkins University has always emphasized the importance of being
Molecular transfer of CD40 and OX40 ligands to leukemic human B cells induces expansion of autologous tumor–reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Authors: Ettore Biagi, Gianpietro Dotti, Eric Yvon, Edward Lee, Martin Pule, Stephane Vigouroux, Stephen Gottschalk, Uday Popat, Raphael Rousseau, Malcolm Brenner
Journal: Blood (2004)