tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction: Cut and Inject, but Don’t Measure the Pressure?
Authors: T. Wehrmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a poorly defined clinical entity that presents with recurrent right-sided pain (presumed to be biliary SOD) or epigastric pain (presumed to be pancreatic), caused by a fixed stenosis or dyskinesia of the tiny sphincter located in the papilla of Vater. In most cases, the precise origin of the suspected sphincter of Oddi stenosis (e. g., repeated stone passage or inflammation) or dyskinesia (e. g., autonomic neuropathy or postoperative nerve damage) cannot be evaluated using the diagnostic methods currently available [1] [2] [3] [4]. Beginning in the late 1970s, it was shown by endoscopic sphincter of Oddi perfusion manometry that an elevated baseline pressure is the most consistent finding in such patients [1] [2] [3]. On the basis of sparse published data from healthy individuals [1] [5], an elevation of the baseline pressure by more than three standard deviations above the mean (i. e., ≥ 40 mmHg) was classified as abnormal, and sphincter of Oddi hypertension was defined as an indicator of the presence of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction [1] [2] [3] [6]. Geenen's group in Milwaukee first demonstrated that the probability of sphincter of Oddi hypertension correlates with the presence of laboratory findings (enzymatic cholestasis or elevated pancreatic enzymes) and ERCP findings (dilated duct, delayed duct drainage) - leading to what became known as the Milwaukee classification [6]. As it was shown in some trials that patients in biliary group I uniformly have both sphincter of Oddi hypertension and also notable clinical benefit after biliary sphincterotomy [7] [8], most guidelines suggest performing endoscopic sphincterotomy in these cases without prior manometry [9]. However, it must be borne in mind that there have been no larger trials with long-term follow-up periods and no randomized controlled studies on this topic.
How the Doctor Got Gagged
Authors: Jeremy Sugarman, Madison Powers
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE importance of unrestricted communication within the physician-patient relationship has long been recognized in American jurisprudence. In what appears to be a significant departure from established precedent, the Supreme Court recently upheld a US Department of Health and Human Services regulation prohibiting recipients of Title X familyplanning funds from discussing the option of abortion with their pregnant patients.<sup>1</sup>The decision in<i>Rust v Sullivan</i>raises a number of questions about the nature and scope of the legal right of privacy in the patient-physician relationship. Although the decision may reflect the controversies surrounding abortion, its implications for the physician-patient relationship extend into other arenas of medical care. Such a decision highlights the urgent need for patients, policymakers, and health care professionals to examine the proper role of governmental regulation of communication between patients and physicians. This article provides a brief sketch of governmental regulation affecting the physician-patient relationship and explores
Hyponatraemia and Bronchial Carcinoma
Authors: S. Glick, B. Hulme
Journal: BMJ (1965)

MBITAJOSULAnother equally harmless, and also common, eruption is seen over the upper third of the bicipital surface of the upper arm.This consists of an oval area of petechiae and perhaps some slight bruising, about i in.(2 cm.) long.It is due to the child sucking himself, though most children will for some reason deny that they have done so.Since vest purpura is not limited to young children, it may well be met in adults, but since Dr. Kibel and I are both paediatricians we have had less chance of seeing it in older subjects.-Iam, etc., Bath, Somerset.S. D. V. WELLER. Hyponatraemia and BronchialCarcinoma SIR,-We were most interested to read the article on " Hyponatraemia and Bronchial Carcinoma" by Drs. A. L. Linton and I. Hutton (31 July, p. 277), as we re- cently had an example of this syndrome and agree that treatment presents certain problems.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Angiostatin Are Mediators of Endothelial Cytotoxicity in Bronchoalveolar Lavages of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Jürg Hamacher, Rudolf Lucas, H. Roger Lijnen, Susanne Buschke, Yves Dunant, Albrecht Wendel, Georges E. Grau, Peter M. Suter, Bara Ricou
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by an extensive alveolar capillary leak, permitting contact between intra-alveolar factors and the endothelium. To investigate whether factors contained in the alveolar milieu induce cell death in human lung microvascular endothelial cells, we exposed these cells in vitro to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatants from control patients, patients at risk of developing ARDS, and patients with early- and late-phase ARDS. In contrast to BALF from control patients, a significant cytotoxicity was found in BALF from patients at risk of developing ARDS, with late-phase ARDS, and especially from patients with early-phase ARDS. Subsequently, we determined the levels of factors known to exert cytotoxicity in endothelial cells, i.e., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, and angiostatin. BALF from patients at risk of developing ARDS, with early-phase ARDS, and with late-phase ARDS, contained increased levels of TNF-alpha and angiostatin, but not of TGF-beta1, as compared with BALF from control patients. Whereas inhibition of TGF-beta1 had no effect in this setting, neutralization of TNF-alpha or angiostatin inhibited the cytotoxic activity on endothelial cells of part of the early-phase ARDS BALF. These results indicate that TNF-alpha and angiostatin may contribute to ARDS-related endothelial injury.
Phototesting prior to narrowband (TL‐01) ultraviolet B phototherapy
Authors: None Gordon, None Saunders, None Diffey, None Farr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A device for phototesting patients prior to narrowband phototherapy is described. One hundred and fifty patients (130 with psoriasis and 20 with eczema) of skin types I–IV were phototested on the forearm and 22 on both forearm and back. The minimal erythema dose (MED) was judged visually 24 h after irradiation, and in those patients who were tested at two body sites, objective measurement of the erythema was made using a reflectance instrument. The MED values on the arm showed a fivefold range. There was no significant association between skin type and MED. The MED values on the arm were significantly higher than those measured on the back, although the differences were small in the majority of cases. No significant difference was found between the slopes of the dose–response curves measured on the arm and on the back.
Identifying the optimal response is not a necessary step toward explaining function
Authors: Henry Brighton, Henrik Olsson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Oaksford &amp; Chater (O&amp;C) argue that a rational analysis is required to explain why a functional process model is successful, and that, when a rational analysis is intractable, the prospects for understanding cognition from a functional perspective are gloomy. We discuss how functional explanations can be arrived at without seeking the optimal response function demanded by a rational analysis, and argue that explaining function does not require optimality.
Indian doctors decry proposal to teach traditional medicine
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A proposal by the Indian health ministry to introduce courses in traditional medicine in colleges teaching modern medicine has kicked up a controversy, with doctors describing the plan as unwarranted and unsafe.

Top officials of the Indian Medical Association and the Medical Council of India have said that exposing students to different systems of medicine could promote ambiguity, confusion, and even quackery.

The health ministry's department of Indian systems of medicine has proposed lessons in ayurveda, siddha, and unani medicine to students pursuing modern medicine. Ayurveda and Siddha originated in India more than 3000 …
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy can detect creatine depletion associated with the progression of heart failure in cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ichiro Nakae, Kenichi Mitsunami, Tomoko Omura, Takahiro Yabe, Takayoshi Tsutamoto, Shinro Matsuo, Masayuki Takahashi, Shigehiro Morikawa, Toshiro Inubushi, Yasuyuki Nakamura, Masahiko Kinoshita, Minoru Horie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Erratum to “Inhibition of fibronectin deposition improves experimental liver fibrosis” [J Hepatol 2015;62:625–633]
Authors: Eva Altrock, Carla Sens, Carina Wuerfel, Matthaeus Vasel, Nina Kawelke, Steven Dooley, Jane Sottile, Inaam A. Nakchbandi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Dobutamine stress echocardiography predicts surgical outcome in patients with an aortic aneurysm and peripheral vascular disease
Authors: Víctor G. Dávila-Román, Alan D. Waggoner, Gregorio A. Sicard, Edward M. Geltman, Kenneth B. Schechtman, Julio E. Pérez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Abstract 1367: The dual selective VEGFR-FGFR kinases inhibitor E-3810 decreases tumor perfusion and inhibits tumor growth: an analysis using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Francis Bichat, Xavier Tizon, Peggy Provent, Virginie Bari, Roberta Cereda, Gabriella Camboni, Ennio Cavalletti
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: E-3810 is a potent VEGFR1, 2 and 3 and FGFR 1 kinases inhibitor showing potent anti-angiogenic and antitumor activity in several in vitro and in vivo mouse models (Proceedings AACR-EORTC-NCI Meeting, Boston, November 2009; Abstracts No. 252 and 257). The aim of this study was to investigate, in a rat model, the antitumor activity of E-3810 and its anti-angiogenic effects by using DCE-MRI and to correlate the response with a panel of biological markers. Methods: Nude rats were subcutaneously xenografted with human Calu-6 lung cancer cells and treated orally once daily for 14 consecutive days, either with E-3810 − 10 mpk (dose chosen on the basis of a preliminary study in the same model) or Sorafenib − 100 mpk. Tumor growth and parameters reflecting tumor vascular permeability/perfusion (Ktrans) were evaluated by T2-weighted MRI and by T1-weighted DCE-MRI using Gd-DTPA (Magnevist®) as contrast agent at D-1, D1, D3, D7 and D14. The number, maturity and functionality of tumor vessels were assessed using CD31/α-SMA colocalisation by IHC and injection of Hoechst fluorescent dye on D1, D3, D7 and D14. On the same days, the level of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and collagen IV were measured by FACS and ELISA assays. Results: In comparison to vehicle-treated animals, a marked tumor growth inhibition was observed in E-3810-treated rats (max T/C 21%) with no remarkable signs of toxicity. In the same animals, Ktrans value in the tumor rim was significantly decreased (up to 49% on D14). This DCE-MRI finding was supported by the significant decrease in the Hoechst stained area observed at D1 (−97%), D7 (−96%) and D14 (−75%). In addition, the number of tumor vessels (both CD31 and colocalized CD31/α-SMA) was significantly decreased at D3 (−72%), D7 (−68%) and D14 (−86%) in E-3810-treated rats. Always in comparison to vehicle group, no significant changes in CEC were observed after treatment with E-3810, whereas collagen IV levels significantly increased at D14 (+38). Similar effects on all the above mentioned parameters were observed in Sorafenib treated animals. Conclusions: E-3810 displayed a marked antitumor activity in the model of Calu-6 tumor bearing nude rats. The antitumor effect is coupled with a strong antiangiogenic activity, as indicated by decrease in vascular permeability/perfusion and decrease of microvessels density that occur early on and are maintained throughout the treatment period. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1367.
<i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i>Skin Infections in Alabama and Louisiana
Authors: Mark A. Belsey, Michael Sinclair, M. Ruth Roder, Dorothy R. LeBlanc
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

During a 14-month period, Corynebacterium diphtheriae skin infections were noted in Louisiana and Alabama among 30 of 268 otherwise healthy persons, in six of eight children with clinical diphtheria and in three symptomatic cases of cutaneous diphtheria. In 18 of these an identical strain of C. diphtheriae was simultaneously isolated from the respiratory tract. In households with C. diphtheriae skin infections the overall carrier prevalence was twice that of households with C. diphtheriae respiratory-tract infections. Transmission of C. diphtheriae infections from skin lesion to skin lesion and between respiratory tract and skin lesions was noted. Age was inversely related to the risk of both skin and respiratory-tract C. diphtheriae infection, whereas neither history of artificial immunization nor the diphtheria antitoxin level was related to the risk of such infection.
Focusing Suicide Prevention on Periods of High Risk
Authors: Mark Olfson, Steven C. Marcus, Jeffrey A. Bridge
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibition
Authors: Janice P. Dutcher
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that has been increasingly recognized as key to the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. mTOR either directly or indirectly regulates translation initiation, actin organization, tRNA synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, and many other key cell maintenance functions, including protein degradation and transcription functions. Inhibition of mTOR blocks traverse of the cell cycle from the G1 to S phase. Preclinical data show inhibition of tumor growth in a number of cell lines and xenograft models. Clinical trials are ongoing. In metastatic renal cell cancer, both tumor regression and prolonged stabilization have been noted. mTOR inhibition appears to be a key pathway that may be useful in antitumor therapy. Renal cell cancer may be particularly susceptible through both the translation inhibition pathway and pathways that enhance HIF-1α gene expression, a factor believed to stimulate growth in metastatic renal cell cancer. Additional clinical trials that use agents that inhibit mTOR are ongoing.
Drugs May Exacerbate Cognitive Decline After Delirium in People With Dementia
Authors: J. Simon Bell
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Total endoscopic resection of Barrett esophagus
Authors: S. Seewald, T. Ang, T. Gotoda, N. Soehendra
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Barrett’s esophagus with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) is associated with disease progression of greater than 10 % per year [1]. In the context of intramucosal cancer (IMC) without deep submucosal involvement, there is no risk of distant metastasis. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a feasible lower risk alternative to surgery for HGIN and IMC. The indications for EMR are HGIN and well or moderately differentiated IMC [2] [3].
Diagnostic yield and safety of endoscopic-ultrasound guided trucut biopsy in patients with gastric submucosal tumors: a prospective study
Authors: M. Polkowski, W. Gerke, D. Jarosz, A. Nasierowska-Guttmejer, P. Rutkowski, Z. Nowecki, W. Ruka, J. Regula, E. Butruk
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Corrected by: Diagnostic yield and safety of endoscopic-ultrasound guided trucut biopsy in patients with gastric submucosal tumors: a prospective studyEndoscopy 2009; 41(06): 503-503DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214804
ALLERGIC LOBAR PNEUMONIA
Authors: B. M. Fried
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

The injection of small amounts (1 cc.) of horse serum into the lungs of normal rabbits produces a transient pneumonitis confined to the dorsal aspect of both lungs. The injection of the same amount of horse serum into the lungs of rabbits that have been previously sensitized to the same serum causes in a high percentage of cases a lesion which is confined to one lung with the gross and microscopic features of lobar (fibrinous) pneumonia as seen in man.
ADMINISTRATION OF MORPHINE BY THE NOSTRILS.
Authors: CARL H. VON KLEIN
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatobiliary Scan and Acute Cholecystitis: Bayesian Analysis of Data-Reply
Authors: Rajinder M. Gulati
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  Predictive values (posttest probabilities) are helpful in conveying the importance of a given test result to the referring physician. However, Bayesian analysis requires that a test result be normal (negative) or abnormal (positive). Such an analysis was not emphasized in our article because of the presence of a third possibility, the indeterminate scan pattern. To present our results, the two indeterminate scans in the AC group were considered not to be true-positive studies, but they are definitely not false-negative studies as characterized by Dr Barenholtz. The referring physician is told that the patient has an abnormal study that does not discriminate between AC and other disease entities. Thus, the predictive value of a normal (negative) study in this series is 100% as stated in our article and not 98%.  Bayesian analysis is also useful in defining the population best and least suited for a diagnostic test of
Coronary Microvascular Obstruction — A Puzzle with Many Pieces
Authors: Filippo Crea
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Prompt referral for mechanical reperfusion by urgent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) represents a pivotal step in the current management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).1 Yet, in a sizable proportion of patients, this intervention reopens the obstructed epicardial coronary artery but does not achieve myocardial reperfusion because of coronary microvascular obstruction. Several studies have clearly shown that coronary microvascular obstruction has a negative effect on outcome, negating the potential benefit of primary PCI. Indeed, such obstruction is associated with an increased prevalence of early postinfarction complications, adverse left ventricular remodeling, late repeat hospital stays for heart failure, and death. . . .
Growth cones and the cues that repel them
Authors: Alex L. Kolodkin
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (1996)

Neuronal growth cones establish appropriate connections with their targets during development by responding to both positive and negative guidance cues. The importance of repulsive and inhibitory cues in pathfinding and target selection has now been firmly established at the cellular and molecular levels. Observations in vitro have demonstrated developmentally significant repulsive interactions among various neuronal populations, providing the basis for molecular and functional characterization of several families of molecules that can mediate these guidance events. Analysis of both the expression and function of these molecules in vivo suggests how they, together with positive guidance cues, participate in the dynamic process of growth-cone guidance during both development and axonal regeneration. Trends Neurosci. (1996) 19, 507–513