tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mammary Tumor Formation and Metastasis Evoked by a HER2 Splice Variant
Authors: Abdullah Alajati, Nina Sausgruber, Nicola Aceto, Stephan Duss, Sophie Sarret, Hans Voshol, Debora Bonenfant, Mohamed Bentires-Alj
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The HER2 gene is amplified and overexpressed in approximately 20% of invasive breast cancers where it is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. Here, we describe a constitutively active splice variant of HER2 (Delta-HER2) in human mammary epithelial cells that evokes aggressive breast cancer phenotypes. Delta-HER2 overexpression in mammary epithelial cells was sufficient to reduce apoptosis, increase proliferation, and induce expression of mesenchymal markers, features that were associated with greater invasive potential in three-dimensional cultures in vitro and more aggressive tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of wild-type HER2 was insufficient at evoking such effects. Unbiased protein–tyrosine phosphorylation profiling in Delta-HER2–expressing cells revealed increased phosphorylation of several signaling proteins not previously known to be controlled by the HER2 pathway. Furthermore, microarray expression analysis revealed activation of genes known to be highly expressed in ER-negative, high-grade, and metastatic primary breast tumors. Together, our results provide mechanistic insights into the activity of a highly pathogenic splice variant of HER2. Cancer Res; 73(17); 5320–7. ©2013 AACR.
Femoral vs Jugular Venous Catheterization and Risk of Nosocomial Events in Adults Requiring Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Jean-Jacques Parienti, Marina Thirion, Bruno Mégarbane, Bertrand Souweine, Abdelali Ouchikhe, Andrea Polito, Jean-Marie Forel, Sophie Marqué, Benoît Misset, Norair Airapetian, Claire Daurel, Jean-Paul Mira, Michel Ramakers, Damien du Cheyron, Xavier Le Coutour, Cédric Daubin, Pierre Charbonneau, None for Members of the Cathedia Study Group
Journal: JAMA (2008)

<h3>Context</h3>Based on concerns about the risk of infection, the jugular site is often preferred over the femoral site for short-term dialysis vascular access.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine whether jugular catheterization decreases the risk of nosocomial complications compared with femoral catheterization.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>A concealed, randomized, multicenter, evaluator-blinded, parallel-group trial (the Cathedia Study) of 750 patients from a network of 9 tertiary care university medical centers and 3 general hospitals in France conducted between May 2004 and May 2007. The severely ill, bed-bound adults had a body mass index (BMI) of less than 45 and required a first catheter insertion for renal replacement therapy.<h3>Intervention</h3>Patients were randomized to receive jugular or femoral vein catheterization by operators experienced in placement at both sites.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Rates of infectious complications, defined as catheter colonization on removal (primary end point), and catheter-related bloodstream infection.<h3>Results</h3>Patient and catheter characteristics, including duration of catheterization, were similar in both groups. More hematomas occurred in the jugular group than in the femoral group (13/366 patients [3.6%] vs 4/370 patients [1.1%], respectively; P = .03). The risk of catheter colonization at removal did not differ significantly between the femoral and jugular groups (incidence of 40.8 vs 35.7 per 1000 catheter-days; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-1.16; P = .31). A prespecified subgroup analysis demonstrated significant qualitative heterogeneity by BMI (P for the interaction term &lt; .001). Jugular catheterization significantly increased incidence of catheter colonization vs femoral catheterization (45.4 vs 23.7 per 1000 catheter-days; HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.13-3.91; P = .017) in the lowest tercile (BMI &lt;24.2), whereas jugular catheterization significantly decreased this incidence (24.5 vs 50.9 per 1000 catheter-days; HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.23-0.69; P &lt; .001) in the highest tercile (BMI &gt;28.4). The rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection was similar in both groups (2.3 vs 1.5 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively; P = .42).<h3>Conclusion</h3>Jugular venous catheterization access does not appear to reduce the risk of infection compared with femoral access, except among adults with a high BMI, and may have a higher risk of hematoma.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00277888
Intramuscular Flunitrazepam Versus Intramuscular Haloperidol in the Emergency Treatment of Aggressive Psychotic Behavior
Authors: Abraham Dorevitch, Nachum Katz, Zvi Zemishlany, Dov Aizenberg, Abraham Weizman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

The authors examined the efficacy of intramuscular flunitrazepam compared with intramuscular haloperidol for the immediate control of agitated or aggressive behavior in acutely psychotic patients.Twenty-eight actively psychotic inpatients, aged 20-60 years, who were under treatment with neuroleptic agents were selected for the study. Each was randomly assigned on a double-blind basis to receive either 5 mg i.m. of haloperidol (N=13) or 1 mg i.m. of flunitrazepam (N=15) during an aggressive event. Verbal and physical aggression was measured over time with the Overt Aggression Scale. Patients were also rated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale.Both flunitrazepam and haloperidol exhibited acute antiaggressive activity. This beneficial effect, as assessed by the Overt Aggression Scale, was obtained within 30 minutes.Intramuscular flunitrazepam may serve as a convenient, rapid, safe, and effective adjunct to neuroleptics in reducing aggressive behavior in emergency psychiatric settings.
Ireland's waiting list initiative is failing
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1998)

One per cent of the Irish population is now on a hospital waiting list. Delays are now so lengthy in some cases that one Dublin woman needing to lose weight before an orthopaedic procedure was recently told that she could not have an appointment with a hospital dietician for more than three and a half years.

And despite new promises from the minister of health to address the problem, a government panel of experts has recently questioned the value of government injections of more than £Ir70m (£64m; $100m) during the past five years to …
Lentiviral-mediated gene therapy leads to improvement of B-cell functionality in a murine model of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Marita Bosticardo, Elena Draghici, Francesca Schena, Aisha Vanessa Sauer, Elena Fontana, Maria Carmina Castiello, Marco Catucci, Michela Locci, Luigi Naldini, Alessandro Aiuti, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Pietro Luigi Poliani, Elisabetta Traggiai, Anna Villa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
The sociobiology of sociopathy: An integrated evolutionary model
Authors: Linda Mealey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Sociopaths are “outstanding” members of society in two senses: politically, they draw our attention because of the inordinate amount of crime they commit, and psychologically, they hold our fascination because most ofus cannot fathom the cold, detached way they repeatedly harm and manipulate others. Proximate explanations from behavior genetics, child development, personality theory, learning theory, and social psychology describe a complex interaction of genetic and physiological risk factors with demographic and micro environmental variables that predispose a portion of the population to chronic antisocial behavior. More recent, evolutionary and game theoretic models have tried to present an ultimate explanation of sociopathy as the expression of a frequency-dependent life strategy which is selected, in dynamic equilibrium, in response to certain varying environmental circumstances. This paper tries to integrate the proximate, developmental models with the ultimate, evolutionary ones, suggesting that two developmentally different etiologies of sociopathy emerge from two different evolutionary mechanisms. Social strategies for minimizing the incidence of sociopathic behavior in modern society should consider the two different etiologies and the factors that contribute to them.
Oral symptoms and candida in the terminally ill.
Authors: I G Finlay
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Etude sur 140 malades. La presence de Candida est tres frequente dans la cavite buccale: 56%, mais souvent une autre infection est presente (staphylocoque). La nystatine n'est pas toujours efficace. La presence de candida peut etre le resultat et non la cause de problemes de la bouche
Pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and immunogenetic aspects.
Authors: C W Fink, P Stastny
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

All the diagnostic dilemmas pointed out by previous speakers are accentuated in a child who develops swelling in one or a few joints.In addition to the diseases already discussed there are many congenital and acquired conditions associated with arthritis.Fortunately, these are balanced by a number of degenerative arthritidies not seen in children. Clinical featuresOne of the greatest problems in diagnosing pauciarticular disease early is that the peripheral arthritis often appears before other, more diagnostic, manifestations.The late development of a typical rash or nail changes in psoriatic arthritis or the later complaints of back stiffness or radiographic evidence of sacroiliitis that are seen in juvenile ankylosing spondylitis make early diagnosis of the peripheral arthritis difficult.Two recent cases illustrate this point.One was that of a 15-year-old girl who, 12 years after a brief episode of a swollen knee, had a sudden perforation of a short segment of small bowel affected with Crohn's disease.Another was that of a boy seen 8 years after having had a swollen knee for a few months.His back pain of recent onset was found to be due to ankylosing spondylitis rather than an injury, as he had supposed.Notwithstanding these diagnostic nightmares, there is often some clue to show that a given arthritis is not simply pauciarticular juvenile-onset arthritis.These clues in adults have already been mentioned- heel pain, plantar fasciitis, spurs, hip disease, and acute rather than the more usual chronic iridocyclitis seen in juvenile-onset polyarthritis.Reported cases of Reiter's syndrome (RS) in childhood have usually followed gastrointestinal infections rather than sexual exposure, but children seem to have the same high incidence of B27 positivity as do adults.Jacobs has described 10 children, all but one being male, that he has called cases of incomplete RS.'68Although the clinical stories in these cases were extremely variable, heel pain, Achilles tendinitis, and blepharitis were common.All were B27-positive.
Leprosy for Medical Practitioners and Paramedical Workers
Authors: K. K. Jain
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This small book has become one of the most important publications on leprosy. So great was the demand for this book that the first edition (5000 copies) published in 1986 was exhausted in a short time. It was reprinted and a second revised edition is available. This book was prepared at the suggestion of the World Health Organization, and the authors, who are internationally recognized experts on leprosy, have condensed a tremendous amount of practical information on the management of leprosy in less than 100 pages. The book is profusely illustrated with color photographs. Although meant primarily for physicians, it can be read and easily understood by paramedical workers in the field of leprosy. There are about 12 million sufferers from leprosy in the world. It is prevalent mostly in Asia, Africa, and South America, but endemic foci exist in the United States in Texas, Louisiana, and Hawaii. Cases have
121 INTERIM SAFETY-ANALYSIS OF THE AVATACE-1 TRIAL (BEVACIZUMAB AS INHIBITOR OF COLLATERAL TUMOR-VESSEL-GROWTH DURING TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLISATION (TACE) FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA – A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PILOT-TRIAL
Authors: G. Ulbrich, M. Pinter, T. Reiberger, A. Ferlitsch, W. Sieghart, M. Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Prophylactic Parenteral Cephalosporins in Surgery
Authors: Joseph T. DiPiro
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Parenteral prophylactic cephalosporins used in surgery were compared in 17 published studies. Examination of these studies reveals little justification for preference of one cephalosporin over another. For gastrointestinal, obstetrical-gynecologic, or cardiac operations, newer cephalosporins did not result in substantial decreases in adverse postoperative clinical events (eg, wound infections, intra-abdominal and pelvic infections, and endocarditis) when compared with older cephalosporins. There is no evidence that second- or third-generation cephalosporins result in postoperative infection rates lower than with first-generation cephalosporins.
Pilot study of dual-wavelength (532 and 633 nm) laser Doppler imaging and infrared thermography of morphoea
Authors: T.L. Moore, S. Vij, A.K. Murray, M. Bhushan, C.E.M. Griffiths, A.L. Herrick
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Little is known about the pathophysiology of localized scleroderma (skin fibrosis, also termed 'morphoea'), although it is likely that microvascular dysfunction is a contributing factor.Our aim was to investigate different components of blood flow in morphoea using infrared thermography and dual-wavelength laser Doppler imaging (LDI).Eight plaques of morphoea (in eight patients) were studied. Skin temperature and blood flow were assessed in both affected (within plaque) and adjacent unaffected (perilesional) skin.Skin temperature (representing blood flow) was higher in all areas of morphoea when compared with uninvolved skin. Perfusion within the plaques was found to be increased, when compared with uninvolved skin; in all cases as imaged by red wavelength (633 nm) LDI (representing blood flow through large, thermoregulatory vessels) and in six of eight cases by green wavelength (532 nm) LDI (representing nutritive capillary blood flow). The median (range) skin temperature difference between plaque and perilesional skin was 1.1 (0.7-2.2) degrees C and the median (range) ratios of plaque/perilesional perfusion as measured by red and green wavelength LDI were 1.3 (1.1-1.9) and 1.1 (0.8-1.5) arbitrary perfusion units, respectively.Microvascular perfusion is increased within morphoea plaques and the increased response detected by both thermography and red wavelength LDI, as compared with green wavelength LDI, suggests that the increase in perfusion is more marked in deeper, larger, rather than in superficial, smaller vessels.
On the Table
Authors: John Savoie
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNITY IN RELATION TO THE AGGLUTINATION REACTION IN TYPHOID
Authors: VIRGIL H. MOON
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The prevention of typhoid fever by injecting killed typhoid bacilli into the body is a comparatively recent procedure which is rapidly becoming general. The question naturally arises, How long will the immunity thus produced persist after treatment? It is impracticable to determine this by direct experimentation on the immunized patient, but it is known that acquired immunity is associated with the presence of antibodies in the blood, and the persistence of these may be taken as an approximate index to the persistence of the immunity.  In November, 1910, a number of students at Kansas University were availing themselves of the antityphoid inoculation offered by the university authorities, and it occurred to me as an opportunity to follow the effect of this treatment on the agglutinins of the serum. Accordingly a sample of blood was taken from each of a number of students previously to the first injection and the serum
Actinic keratosis is an early in situ squamous cell carcinoma: a proposal for reclassification
Authors: J. Röwert-Huber, M. J. Patel, T. Forschner, C. Ulrich, J. Eberle, H. Kerl, W. Sterry, E. Stockfleth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

The term actinic keratosis (AK) describes a sun-induced, clinical erythematous lesion covered with scale, but does not provide an understanding of the biology or histopathology of the lesion. Consequently, several classification systems for AK have been suggested, but as yet no consensus has been reached. These systems strive to correlate the pathological and clinical features to better provide physicians with the most accurate information to enable correct decisions to be made regarding treatments, Prognosis and metastatic potential. AK is a clinical description that has a histological diagnosis consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ. We recommend an AK classification system that describes these lesions as squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), using the terminology 'early in situ SCC Type AK I', 'early in situ SCC type AK II' and 'in situ SCC Type AK III', there by giving clinicians better guidance for diagnosis and specific treatment recommendations.
Quantitative relationship between left ventricular function and serum cardiac myosin light chain I levels after coronary reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M Isobe, R Nagai, S Ueda, H Tsuchimochi, H Nakaoka, F Takaku, T Yamaguchi, K Machii, M Nobuyoshi, Y Yazaki
Journal: Circulation (1987)

To estimate the extent of myocardial infarction after coronary artery reperfusion, serum levels of cardiac myosin light chain (LC) I and creatine kinase (CK) were determined serially in 49 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Intracoronary thrombolysis was successful in 25 patients (reperfusion group), and 24 patients were treated in a conventional manner (control group). The peak level of CK appeared significantly earlier in the reperfusion group (11.3 +/- 3.1 hr, mean +/- SD) than in the control group (21.6 +/- 7.2 hr). Cumulative release of CK was significantly related to angiographically determined left ventricular ejection fraction 1 month after the attack in both groups (r = -.50; -.45, respectively). However, the amount of cumulative release of CK in the reperfusion group was greater compared with that in those with the same left ventricular ejection fraction in the control group. Peak appearance time of LCI was almost equal in the two groups (3.8 +/- 1.4 vs 3.9 +/- 1.2 days). Peak levels of LCI were related to the left ventricular ejection fraction in the reperfusion group (r = -.63) and in the control group (r = -.74), and the slopes of their regression lines were similar. The cardiac index obtained on the day of onset in the two groups was related to peak levels of LCI but not to total release of CK. These results suggest that serum levels of LCI reflect the changes in left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction, regardless of the presence of coronary reperfusion. Thus, serial determinations of LCI in serum facilitate noninvasive assessment of the effects of intracoronary thrombolysis on infarct size.
Fever and multisystem organ failure associated with 17D-204 yellow fever vaccination: a report of four cases
Authors: Michael Martin, Theodore F Tsai, Bruce Cropp, Gwong-Jen J Chang, Derek A Holmes, Jennifer Tseng, Wun-Ju Shieh, Sherif R Zaki, Ibrahim Al-Sanouri, Anthony F Cutrona, Glenn Ray, Leisa H Weld, Martin S Cetron
Journal: The Lancet (2001)
Goblet Cell Rebound and Airway Dysfunction with Corticosteroid Withdrawal in a Mouse Model of Asthma
Authors: David S. Southam, Russ Ellis, Jennifer Wattie, William Glass, Mark D. Inman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Rationale: Although corticosteroids are highly effective at preventing allergen-induced increases in goblet cell numbers, we observed in unpublished experiments a rebound increase in goblet cell numbers in mice after the simultaneous withdrawal of corticosteroid and cessation of exposure to allergen that reached levels greater than those observed in mice exposed to allergen alone, without corticosteroid treatment.Objectives: To formally explore the goblet cell hyperplasia rebound observed after corticosteroid withdrawal in allergen-exposed mice to determine the mechanism responsible for this previously undescribed pathology.Methods: Mice airways were assessed for mucin-containing goblet cells after exposure to varying durations of allergen and corticosteroid.Measurements and Main Results: We confirmed that the simultaneous withdrawal of corticosteroid and cessation of exposure to allergen resulted in a goblet cell hyperplasia rebound that reached levels greater than those observed in allergen-exposed corticosteroid naive mice. Importantly, the goblet cell rebound was associated with a significant airway dysfunction greater than that observed in allergen-exposed corticosteroid naive mice. The goblet cell hyperplasia rebound is independent of the type of corticosteroid or allergen and was associated with an increased level of bronchoalveolar lavage IL-13. Inhibition of IL-13, but not CD4+ T cells, completely inhibited the goblet cell hyperplasia rebound and, critically, the associated airway dysfunction.Conclusions: These findings suggest that certain corticosteroid treatment regimes may actually potentiate airway remodeling and dysfunction in patients with asthma and lead to increased exacerbations and worsening of asthma symptoms.