tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thirteen-week certificate
Authors: G. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1967)

A. M. Poornan (19 August, p. 500) and G. Murtaza (28 October, p. 239) about the rejection of their claims for seniority allow- ance by the Ministry of Health.The ruling of the Ministry is incompatible with the spirit and principle with which the Review Body introduced this payment.In para.159 of the Report' it states that this payment " will recognize the development of experience in the general practitioner, and will provide him with the prospect of maintaining the level of his remuneration at a time when he may wish with advancing age . . .
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
Authors: A L Taylor, L M Fishman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

THAT both neural and hormonal changes play a part in the adaptive responses of complex organisms to physical or psychological challenges has been appreciated for well over a century. In 1948, Harris1 proposed that the hypothalamus served as the key link between the nervous and endocrine systems in reacting to the environment, and suggested that hypothalamic influences on the anterior pituitary were humorally transmitted. The first convincing reports of the existence of such a humoral substance followed soon thereafter, with the demonstrations in 1955 by Saffran et al.,2 using neurohypophysial extracts, and by Guillemin and Rosenberg,3 employing hypothalamic preparations, of . . .
Severe hyponatraemia in hospital inpatients.
Authors: S J Iqbal, P J Ojwang
Journal: BMJ (1979)

the fact that death is usually due to acute arrhythmia rather than pump failure points to (fresh) ischaemia as the cause.Lowering of blood pressure may be the actual mechanism responsible for initiating this.However, in- creased blood viscosity and platelet adhesive- ness could well raise the threshold of blood pressure which is operative.
Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bernard De Bruyne, Nico H.J. Pijls, Jozef Bartunek, Kemal Kulecki, Jan-Willem Bech, Hugo De Winter, Paul Van Crombrugge, Guy R. Heyndrickx, William Wijns
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background — Fractional flow reserve (FFR), an index of coronary stenosis severity, can be calculated from the ratio of hyperemic distal to proximal coronary pressure. An FFR value of 0.75 can distinguish patients with normal and abnormal noninvasive stress testing in case of normal left ventricular function. The present study aimed at investigating the value of FFR in patients with a prior myocardial infarction. Methods and Results — In 57 patients who had sustained a myocardial infarction ≥6 days earlier, myocardial perfusion single photon emission scintigraphy (SPECT) imaging and FFR were obtained before and after angioplasty. The sensitivity and specificity of the 0.75 value of FFR to detect flow maldistribution at SPECT imaging were 82% and 87%. The concordance between the FFR and SPECT imaging was 85% ( P &lt;0.001). When only truly positive and truly negative SPECT imaging were considered, the corresponding values were 87%, 100%, and 94% ( P &lt;0.001). Patients with positive SPECT imaging before angioplasty had a significantly lower FFR than patients with negative SPECT imaging (0.52±0.18 versus 0.67±0.16, P =0.0079) but a significantly higher left ventricular ejection fraction (63±10% versus 52±10%, P =0.0009) despite a similar degree of diameter stenosis (67±13% versus 68±16%, P =NS). A significant inverse correlation was found between LVEF and FFR ( R =0.29, P =0.049). Conclusions — The present data indicate (1) that the 0.75 cutoff value of FFR to distinguish patients with positive from patients with negative SPECT imaging is valid after a myocardial infarction and (2) that for a similar degree of stenosis, the value of FFR depends on the mass of viable myocardium.
Role of IG20 Splice Variants in TRAIL Resistance
Authors: Bellur S. Prabhakar, Nirupama Mulherkar, Kanteti V. Prasad
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor receptor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can induce apoptosis primarily in cancer cells with little or no effect on normal cells; therefore, it has the potential for use in cancer therapy. TRAIL binding to death receptors DR4 and DR5 triggers the death-inducing signal complex formation and activation of procaspase-8, which in turn activates caspase-3, leading to cell death. Like FasL, TRAIL can trigger type 1 (caspase-8 → caspase-3) or type 2 (caspase-8 → Bid cleavage → capsase-9 → caspase-3) apoptotic pathways depending on the cell type. Some cancers are resistant to TRAIL treatment because most molecules in the TRAIL signaling pathway, including FLIPs and IAPs, can contribute to resistance. In addition, we have identified an essential role for splice variants of the IG20 gene in TRAIL resistance.
Prediction of Treatment Outcome of Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders by the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research
Authors: Piero Porcelli, Massimo De Carne, Orlando Todarello
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2004)

The Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) have been demonstrated to be useful in identifying specific psychological conditions of medical patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the DCPR in predicting the treatment outcome of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID).FGID outpatients were allocated to improved (n = 65) and unimproved (n = 40) groups on the basis of preestablished criteria following 6 months of treatment. Patients were administered the structured interview for DCPR at baseline and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale both at baseline and follow-up.In the unimproved patients, the prevalence of the DCPR categories of alexithymia (82.2%) and persistent somatization (72.5%) was significantly higher while health anxiety was more prevalent in improved patients (21.5%). No unimproved patient lacked a DCPR diagnosis while multiple DCPR diagnoses were significantly higher in the unimproved group (90%). In the regression analysis, alexithymia, persistent somatization, a higher number of DCPR diagnoses for each patient and, to a lesser extent, greater symptom severity at baseline were significant predictors of unimprovement. Health anxiety, even after controlling for gastrointestinal symptoms, was a significant predictor of improvement.The ability to predict treatment outcome indicates the clinical utility of the DCPR. Clinicians may improve treatment outcome for FGID patients by identifying particular psychosomatic syndromes (alexithymia, persistent somatization, and health anxiety) and patients with multiple DCPR clusters, and attempting to address specific therapeutic interventions.
Abstract 2277: Anti-tumor effect of an apoptosis-targeting peptide-conjugated heparin derivative in breast cancer xenografts
Authors: Sang Mun Bae
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Anti-tumor effect of an apoptosis-targeting peptide-conjugated heparin derivative in breast cancer xenografts. Sang Mun Bae1, Jong-Ho Kim1, Kai Wang1, Sungwoo Chung2, Youngro Byun2, Byung-Heon Lee1, In-San Kim1 and Rang-Woon Park1 1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea 2College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Abstract Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is an essential process during tumor growth and metastasis. In the process of tumor angiogenesis, tumor cells secret various angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor basic (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2) and scatter factors, which are potential targets for development of angiogenesis inhibitor and depend on heparin sulfate for their biological functions. Angiogenic endothelial cells are a central challenge for therapeutic intervention since its easy accessibility. Recently, researchers have sought to develop angiogenesis inhibitor for tumor therapy since tumor cannot grow without blood-supplied oxygen and nutrients. Heparan sulfate is located in cell surface and in the extracellular matrix and plays pivotal regulatory roles in growth factor. For this reason, heparin has been highlighted as a growth factor inhibitory therapeutic agent beyond its anticoagulant indications. In a previous study, we reported new angiogenesis inhibitor, low molecular weight heparin derivative (heparin-taurocholic acid conjugate; HT), showed delay of in vivo tumor growth in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer. In this study, we sought to design a new angiogenesis inhibitor targeting tumor tissue by introducing the actively targeting moiety, tumor homing peptide, to previously developed HT. Here, we evaluate the inhibitory effect of HT-Apopep by in vivo antitumor efficacy and show the body distribution image of HT-Apopep in tumor-bearing mice. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2277.
The Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal Products
Authors: Julian M. Whitaker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters2 September 2003The Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal ProductsJulian M. Whitaker, MDJulian M. Whitaker, MDFrom Newport Beach, CA 92660.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-5_Part_1-200309020-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Bent and colleagues (1) concluded that the risk for an adverse event after the use of ephedra is substantially greater than with other herbal products. The sale of ephedra as a dietary supplement should be restricted or banned. However, their data were extremely inaccurate. To estimate ephedra consumption, they used marketing data from SPINS, Inc. (San Francisco, California), on ephedra consumed in the category Herbal Formulas and Singles, which accounted for 403 976 units per year. Yet they ignored the ephedra-containing products used for weight loss or energytheir stated concerncategorized by SPINS as Vitamins and Supplements. This ...References1. Bent S, Tiedt TN, Odden MC, Shlipak MG. The relative safety of ephedra compared with other herbal products. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:468-71. [PMID: 12639079] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Herbal Ingredient Totals by Segment. AC Nielsen Scan Track: SPINS Natural Tract. San Francisco, CA: Spinscan; 2002. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Julian M. Whitaker, MDAffiliations: From Newport Beach, CA 92660. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal Products Stephen Bent , Thomas N. Tiedt , Michelle C. Odden , and Michael G. Shlipak The Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal Products Annette Dickinson The Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal Products Stephen Bent , Thomas N. Tiedt , and Michael G. Shlipak The Relative Safety of Ephedra Compared with Other Herbal Products Richard L. Kingston and Stephen W. Borron Metrics Cited byNimbolide induces apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal cancer cellsSafety Assurances for Dietary SupplementsLiteratureWatch 2 September 2003Volume 139, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 385KeywordsAdverse eventsAdverse reactionsCaffeineRelative riskSafetyTeaVitaminsWeight loss ePublished: 2 September 2003 Issue Published: 2 September 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical Symptoms without Identified Pathology: Relationship to Psychiatric Disorders, Childhood and Adult Trauma, and Personality Traits
Authors: Wayne Katon, Mark D. Sullivan, Edward A. Walker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Community studies have shown that stressful life events, psychological distress, and depressive and anxiety disorders are associated with 1) a range of medical symptoms without identified pathology, 2) increased health care utilization, and 3) increased costs. In both primary care and medical specialty samples, patients who have syndromes with ill-defined pathologic mechanisms (such as the irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia) have been shown to have significantly higher rates of anxiety and depressive disorders than do patients with comparable, well-defined medical diseases and similar symptoms. Other studies show that after adjustment for severity of medical illness, patients with depression or anxiety and comorbid medical disease have significantly more medical symptoms without identified pathology than do patients with a similar medical disease alone. Both childhood maltreatment and psychological trauma in adulthood have been associated with increased vulnerability to psychiatric illness and more medical symptoms. The substantial functional impairment, distress, and costs associated with medical symptoms without identified pathology suggest that research studies promoting a better understanding of the biopsychosocial cause of these symptoms may yield pragmatic, cost-effective approaches to treatment in medical settings.
Bilateral Inferior Vena Cava
Authors: David M. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A REVIEW of the literature shows that developmental variations of the inferior vena cava are relatively common. The most frequent major variation is bilateral vena cava, representing persistence of venous channels of both the right and left sides.<sup>1</sup>According to Gladstone,<sup>2</sup>some form of doubling of the inferior vena cava, which is often quite asymmetrical, probably occurs in almost 1% of people. A left inferior vena cava, in which the vessel is formed from components of the left rather than the right, is less common, occurring in 0.45% of people. Reports of radiographic demonstration of these morphogenetic variations, however, are infrequent, presumably because inferior vena cavography has not yet come into general use.<sup>3</sup>We are presenting our findings in a patient with bilateral and symmetrical inferior vena cava, which is probably a rarer form of the double caval system. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old male was
Postoperative Depression of Tumour-directed Cell-mediated Immunity in Patients with Malignant Disease
Authors: A. J. Cochran, W. G. S. Spilg, R. M. Mackie, C. E. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Leucocytes from 46 melanoma patients, 45 breast carcinoma patients, and 95 control donors were tested by the leucocyte migration test against the supernatants of homogenates of malignant melanomas, breast carcinomas, simple breast tumours, and breasts showing simple cystic disease. By comparison with controls inhibition of migration occurred significantly more frequently when tumour patients9 leucocytes were exposed to extracts of histogenetically similar tumours. Cell-mediated immunity to tumour-associated antigens was measured in 12 patients with breast carcinoma and 12 with malignant melanoma immediately before surgical operation and in the postoperative period. All patients tested before operation showed significant inhibition of migration on contact with extracts of histogenetically similar tumours. Postoperatively the degree of leucocyte migration inhibition was reduced in all patients with melanoma and breast carcinoma. Significant inhibition of leucocyte migration returned in most patients 6-22 days after operation.
Marked Sympathetic Activation in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Failure
Authors: SILKE HEINDL, MATTHIAS LEHNERT, CARL-PETER CRIÉE, GERD HASENFUSS, STEFAN ANDREAS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The autonomic nervous system may be disturbed in chronic respiratory failure. We tested the hypothesis that there is increased sympathetic activity in patients with chronic hypoxemia. Furthermore, we examined the effect of short-term oxygen on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in these patients. We performed microneurography of the peroneal nerve in 11 patients with hypoxemia due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 6) or lung fibrosis (n = 5) and in 11 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. MSNA was measured during normal breathing in all subjects. In eight patients and in seven control subjects, MSNA was also measured during nasal oxygen (4 L/min). MSNA was higher in the patients with chronic respiratory failure compared with the healthy subjects during normal breathing (61 ± 5 versus 34 ± 2 bursts/min, mean ± SEM; p = 0.0002, paired t test). During oxygen administration, MSNA decreased from 63 ± 6 to 56 ± 6 bursts/min in the patients (p = 0.0004, ANOVA); there was no change in sympathetic activity in the control subjects. For the first time, there is direct evidence of marked sympathetic activation in patients with chronic respiratory failure. This is partly explained by arterial chemoreflex activation and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease.Keywords: autonomic nervous system; respiration failure; microneurography; oxygen
Angiotensin II AT<sub>1</sub> receptor density on blood platelets predicts early left ventricular remodelling in non‐reperfused acute myocardial infarction in humans
Authors: Michal Maczewski, Marcin Borys, Pawel Kacprzak, Tomasz Gdowski, Dariusz Wojciechowski
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)
Topical fluocinolone in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: L Hall, N.R Banerjee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1967)

Allander and Hellgren (1964) made the interesting claim that topical fluocinolone could produce improvement in the hands in inflammatory polyarthritis.Their conclusion was based on a trial in twenty patients, using test solution on one hand and control solution on the other.We felt that their result warranted a stricter trial using the same treatment but different means of assessment.
Clarifying the problem of color realism
Authors: Barry Maund
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract “The problem of color realism” as defined in the first section of the target article, is crucial to the argument laid out by Byrne &amp; Hilbert. They claim that the problem of color realism “does not concern, at least in the first instance, color language or color concepts” (sect. 1.1). I argue that this claim is misconceived and that a different characterisation of the problem, and some of their preliminary assumptions makes their positive proposal less appealing.
An Episode of Acute, Self-Limiting Depersonalization Following a First Session of Hypnosis
Authors: ELLIOT N. WINEBURG, NORMAN STRAKER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A stable subject with a negative medical and psychiatric history developed a self-limited episode of depersonalization after an uneventful hypnotic session. Nothing in the subsequent psychiatric examination, except conscious sexual fantasies during the experience, could have predicted this reaction. The authors believe that all hypnotic subjects should be observed after hypnotic treatment.
The Loose Back
Authors: D. M. Baker
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Identification of the full complement of genes in SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial step towards gaining a fuller understanding of its molecular biology. However, short and/or overlapping genes can be difficult to detect using conventional computational approaches, whereas high throughput experimental approaches – such as ribosome profiling – cannot distinguish translation of functional peptides from regulatory translation or translational noise. By studying regions showing enhanced conservation at synonymous sites in alignments of SARS-CoV and related viruses (subgenus <i>Sarbecovirus</i>), and correlating with the conserved presence of an open reading frame and plausible translation mechanism, we identified a putative new gene, ORF3a*, overlapping ORF3a in an alternative reading frame. A recently published ribosome profiling study confirmed that ORF3a* is indeed translated during infection. ORF3a* is conserved across the subgenus <i>Sarbecovirus</i>, and encodes a 40–41 amino acid predicted transmembrane protein.
Diffuse pleural thickening in asbestos workers: disability and lung function abnormalities.
Authors: C R McGavin, G Sheers
Journal: Thorax (1984)

Data from 37 asbestos workers with diffuse pleural fibrosis have been analysed. None had radiological evidence of asbestosis or physiological evidence of airflow obstruction. Forty per cent had breathlessness of MRC grade 3 or higher. Vital capacity was significantly lower in the subjects in the higher grades of breathlessness and in those with greater radiographic pleural abnormality. No relationship was demonstrated between dust exposure and either radiographic abnormality or grade of breathlessness. Diffuse pleural thickening, particularly when extensive and bilateral, causes functional impairment and disability.
Non-lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a dog
Authors: M. NAGATA, T. IWASAKI, H. MASUDA, H. SHIMIZU
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

We report a 4-year-old female mongrel dog with a history since birth of erosions and atrophic skin, with pigmentation and alopecia on the face, trunk and extremities, together with dystrophic nails. Light microscopy revealed subepidermal blisters with minimal inflammation and electron microscopy confirmed that the ultrastructural site of separation site was at the lamina lucida. Indirect immunofluorescence of the dog's skin detected the positive expression of laminin 5, BPAG2, integrin-alpha 6 and type VII collagen. These clinical, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features suggested that the dog had a non-lethal subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB). This is the first confirmed case of non-lethal JEB in a dog and presents a possible candidate for an animal model of gene therapy. Further study should provide important information of the phenotype, pathophysiology and prognosis of non-lethal JEB in humans.
Evaluation of mercury in urine as an indicator of exposure to low levels of mercury vapor.
Authors: Joyce S Tsuji, Pamela R D Williams, Melanie R Edwards, Krishna P Allamneni, Michael A Kelsh, Dennis J Paustenbach, Patrick J Sheehan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

We conducted a pooled analysis to investigate the relationship between exposure to elemental mercury in air and resulting urinary mercury levels, specifically at lower air levels relevant for environmental exposures and public health goals (i.e., < 50 microg/m3 down to 1.0 microg/m3). Ten studies reporting paired air and urine mercury data (149 samples total) met criteria for data quality and sufficiency. The log-transformed data set showed a strong correlation between mercury in air and in urine (r = 0.774), although the relationship was best fit by a series of parallel lines with different intercepts for each study R2 = 0.807). Predicted ratios of air to urine mercury levels at 50 microg/m3 air concentration ranged from 1:1 to 1:3, based on the regression line for the studies. Toward the lower end of the data set (i.e., 10 microg/m3), predicted urinary mercury levels encompassed two distinct ranges: values on the order of 20 microg/L and 30-60 microg/L. Extrapolation to 1 microg/m3 resulted in predicted urinary levels of 4-5 and 6-13 microg/L. Higher predicted levels were associated with use of static area air samplers by some studies rather than more accurate personal air samplers. Urinary mercury predictions based primarily on personal air samplers at 1 and 10 microg/m3 are consistent with reported mean (4 microg/L) and upper-bound (20 microg/L) background levels, respectively. Thus, although mercury levels in air and urine are correlated below 50 microg/m3, the impact of airborne mercury levels below 10 microg/m3 is likely to be indistinguishable from background urinary mercury levels.