tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF DILAUDID IN THE PAIN OF CANCER
Authors: C. MALONE STROUD
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The introduction of dilaudid (dihydromorphinone hydrochloride) into this country was attended by much and, in certain instances, most undesirable publicity. Some of the early beliefs concerning its safety have been discredited. As a result, there has been a tendency among certain groups to minimize its usefulness and a failure to use it in many cases in which it would have been of benefit to patients in constant pain. Through the courtesy of the manufacturers<sup>1</sup>I was able to obtain a considerable supply as early as June 1932 and have used it both preoperatively and postoperatively as I had used morphine and codeine. My experience has been chiefly with patients suffering from malignant disease at the Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital. Pain is an almost inevitable complication of cancer that has progressed beyond the stage of curability. Nearly every medicament known to possess analgesic properties has been used in
Social Change and Psychosomatic Response in Papua New Guinea
Authors: B.G. Burton-Bradley
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

The data outlined show that there are many different ways in which socio-cultural factors impinge on the individual to produce or promote symptom formation in Papua New Guinea. These forces confront the individual with stressful roles; by the rapidity of social change they exceed the tolerance threshold of individuals; and by the cosmic and sociopolitical views of the people they precipitate the clinical entities of the spirit possession syndrome, and those associated with cargo cult activities. Cultural themes colour and embellish the disease picture. Delusional states are predominantly grandiose, the result of technological disparity between the local and alien cultures. And finally, cultural factors are responsible for the social character of the miniature cultural-linguistic groups, and of the mixed-race marginal group, and for those aspects of the personality structure and symptomatology that derive from these sources.
Treatment of Glutethimide Poisoning
Authors: Michel DeMyttenaere
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A patient with severe glutethimide poisoning was treated concurrently by forced diuresis, peritoneal dialysis, and hemodialysis, and recovered without sequellae. Hemodialysis removed 1,240 mg and reduced the level of this drug from 4.2 to 0.35 mg per 100 cc. The amounts removed by peritoneal dialysis and diuresis with mannitol were 580 and 506 mg, respectively, but the hourly removal rate was much less with these procedures. The combined use of the three techniques is recommended in cases of severe intoxication.
Role of Dactinomycin in the Improved Survival of Children With Wilms' Tumor
Authors: Donald J. Fernbach
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Thirty consecutive cases of histologically proved Wilms' tumor followed for a minimum of two years have been reviewed. The overall survival rate was 70%, with 47% beyond the period of risk (Collins'). Of 14 children treated by nephrectomy and postoperative radiotherapy, 43% (6 of 14) are living and apparently free of tumor. Of 13 children treated with dactinomycin in addition to nephrectomy and postoperative radiotherapy, 92% (12 of 13) are living and apparently free of tumor. It was concluded that the survival of children with Wilms' tumor is markedly prolonged by the administration of dactinomycin at the time of diagnosis. The beneficial effect of dactinomycin was attributed to the "cidal" action of this drug on small or poorly established metastases.
Association between mortality among women and socioeconomic factors in general practices in Edinburgh: an application of small area statistics.
Authors: F E Alexander, F O'Brien, W Hepburn, M Miller
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Women aged 45-64 in 78 general practices in the city of Edinburgh were followed up for five to seven years and all cause mortality noted. Standardised mortality ratios were calculated for the individual practices. Postcodes were available for a 20% sample of these women and were used to retrieve relevant measures of social class and deprivation from the 1981 census for the smallest division, the enumeration district. Weighted averages gave socioeconomic variables at the level of the general practice. High positive correlations were found between standardised mortality ratios and the socioeconomic variables, with the highest being for percentage overcrowding. This study established that the relation between deprivation and excess mortality can be shown in general practices in one large city and gave a direct relation for women without reference to their husbands9 occupations, thus obviating problems of assigning social class. The data also partially refute the "social drift" hypothesis as an explanation of the association between mortality and social class.
Abstract 5639: Pro-drug forms of triterpenes with anticancer activity
Authors: Petr Dzubak, Hana Vagnerova, Ivo Frydrych, Petr Konecny, Jiri Rehulka, Anna Janostakova, Adela Galandakova, Marian Hajduch
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Number of patients with cancer is increasing. Therapy of cancer is still extremely demanding with side effects of cytotoxic drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and test new anticancer drugs. One approach, how to eliminate side effects of chemotherapy, is by using chemotherapeutic drugs in their prodrug forms, which have more favourable pharmacological properties in comparison to common drugs. Betulinic acid is one of the triterpenoid compounds with high cytotoxicity against tumor cells but with poore pharmacological properties. Therefore, our goal was to develop derivates of betulinic acid with improved pharmacological properties - better bioavailability and therapeutic effects. We have synthesised 30 pro-drugs of the betulinic acid and optimised methods to study the metabolization and possible activation of the pro-drugs by mice hepatocytes. Subsequently, we determined cytotoxicity of activated derivatives to the tumor cell line CEM (human lymphoblastic leukaemia) by MTT assay. Finally, we have identified, that some of the metabolised pro-drugs of betulinic acid were more (290 x) effective in sub -micromolar concentrations than non-metabolised. Parts of the work on this project were supported by grants from the Czech Ministry of Education (MSM 6198959216, LC07017); and The Grant Agency of Czech Republic (GACR 301/09/P433, 305/09/1216). Infrastructural part of this project (Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine) was supported from the Operational Programme Research and Development for Innovations (project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0030). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5639. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5639
Neuer Gewindetrokar für die operative Laparoskopie
Authors: S. Havliček
Journal: Endoscopy (1972)

Bei dem neuen Trokar ist die Hülse im oberen Drittel mit einem Gewinde versehen. Diese Hülse in der Bauchwand festzuhalten gelingt, indem man sie im Uhrzeigersinn dreht. Für die operative Laparoskopie ist die Hilfe durch einen Assistenten oder eine anderweitige Befestigung der Hülse nicht mehr notwendig. Die operative Laparoskopie ist durch diese Modifikation leichter geworden.
The T-Tube
Authors: Bernard J. Ficarra
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> He asks: "Would not many surgeons agree with this conclusion?" Reference was made to preoperative and intraoperative cholangiography which would eliminate the need for re-exploration of the common bile duct, negating thereby the insertion of a T tube. To answer the question with a simple yes or no is reminiscent of the attorney-at-law demanding a yes-or-no answer from a physician defendant or an expert medical witness. The answer may be yes with an explanation. Primary closure of the common bile duct is not of new vintage. Frank Lahey performed this procedure as did other members of his surgical staff many years ago. When the surgeon considers the elimination of T tube insertion into the common bile duct, thought must be given to the underlying disease for which the duct exploration was performed. For example, in the presence of primary cancer of the bile ducts, with stricture or
Superior results of Total Therapy 3 (2003-33) in gene expression profiling–defined low-risk multiple myeloma confirmed in subsequent trial 2006-66 with VRD maintenance
Authors: Bijay Nair, Frits van Rhee, John D. Shaughnessy, Elias Anaissie, Jackie Szymonifka, Antje Hoering, Yazan Alsayed, Sarah Waheed, John Crowley, Bart Barlogie
Journal: Blood (2010)
Time--dose response for nitrogen dioxide exposure in an infectivity model system.
Authors: D L Coffin, D E Gardner, E J Blommer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The concentration of NO2 in polluted atmosphere is subject to wide variation, according to peak traffic load, industrial productivity, intensity of sunlight and meteorological conditions. Normally NO2 has a low basal concentration with superimposed spikes when the above conditions are optimal for its production. Thus, it is important to determine the relative importance of a short-term, relatively high concentration of NO2 versus exposure for longer periods of minimal dose levels. This problem was approached experimentally by measuring the effect of NO2 on an animal's resistance to the induction of bacterial pneumonia. The data collected indicate that: (1) in short-term dose-response studies using the same Ct (concentration x time) product of 7, the actual concentration exerts a greater influence on NO2 effect than does the duration of exposure; (2) when concentration is held constant and the time increased, the average difference in mortality from controls can be seen after only 1 hr exposure to 3.5 ppm and after 3 weeks of exposure to 0.5 ppm; and (3) the relative mean survival time at 3.5 ppm for 1 hr was 18--36 hr less than that of the control animals.
Endothelial cell synthesis of von Willebrand antigen II, von Willebrand factor, and von Willebrand factor/von Willebrand antigen II complex.
Authors: D R McCarroll, E G Levin, R R Montgomery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

von Willebrand antigen II (vW AgII) and von Willebrand factor (vWf) are immunochemically distinct proteins that are deficient in the plasma and platelets of patients with severe von Willebrand's disease. Normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured in the presence of [35S]methionine. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of endothelial cell supernates and detergent-solubilized endothelial cells demonstrated specific incorporation of the [35S]methionine into vW AgII. Furthermore, when endothelial cells were lysed in the presence of proteolytic inhibitors, a second, less anodal peak was identified on crossed immunoelectrophoresis. This peak represented a complex of vW AgII and vWf and demonstrated a reaction of complete identity with the vW AgII immunoprecipitate. When plasma, serum, or platelets were evaluated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, this "complex" peak was not present. When antibodies to vWf, fibronectin, or fibrinogen were present in the first dimension of crossed immunoelectrophoresis, only the antibodies to vWf removed the complex. Radioiodinated polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to vWf also localized vWf to this complex. Under reducing conditions, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of [35S]methionine-labeled immunoprecipitates indicated that the molecular weight of vW AgII is 98,000 and that vWf was present as two species of 220,000 and 260,000 mol wt, respectively. Immunofluorescent microscopy of endothelial cells demonstrated colocalization of vW AgII and vWf in endothelial cells with intense immunostaining of the same subcellular granules.
Abstract 2119: Role of annexin A6 in anchorage-independent growth of invasive breast cancer cells
Authors: Amos M. Sakwe, Rainelli Koumangoye, Josiah Ochieng
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Annexin A6 (AnxA6) is a member of the annexin family of Ca2+-dependent membrane binding proteins that is frequently detected in cell-derived exosomes and on the surface of some cell types. Although its extracellular functions remain unclear, AnxA6 may play important roles in cell-cell and/or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions via its interactions with chondroitin sulfate containing proteoglycans, the serum glycoprotein fetuin-A and other undefined extracellular matrix components. In support of this notion, recent studies have shown that depletion of AnxA6 in MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells promoted anchorage-independent cell growth. Here we show that depletion of AnxA6 in BT-549 breast carcinoma cells not only led to impaired cell-cell cohesion and cell spreading onto collagen type IV but also inhibited cell motility and invasiveness. In 3D cultures in growth factor-reduced matrigel, AnxA6-depleted BT-549 cells formed spheroid colonies as opposed to stellate colonies formed by the parental BT-549 cells. We also show that N-cadherin is up-regulated in the motility-impaired AnxA6-depleted cells, suggesting that loss of AnxA6 may uncouple cadherin-based cell-cell interactions as part of the mechanism that determines anchorage-independent cell growth and therefore tumor growth in vivo. Our data also show that the loss of contact inhibition and invasive properties in AnxA6-depleted cells may be partly due to the formation of fewer, elongated and dispersed vinculin-based focal contacts. To verify that these focal contacts may be functionally defective, we show that whereas the MAP kinase (ERK1/2) pathway remained constitutively active, Ca2+-dependent activation of focal adhesion kinase and the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt pathway were strongly inhibited in the AnxA6-depleted BT-549 cells. These data suggest that loss of AnxA6 may promote breast cancer progression via anchorage-independent cell growth due to disruption of functional focal contacts that maintain cell-cell and/or cell-ECM interactions. Supported by grants: 1 SC1 CA134018-01 and DOD W81XWH-07-1-0254 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2119. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2119
Short-term Oral Administration of <scp>l-</scp>Arginine Improves Hemodynamics and Exercise Capacity in Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: NORITOSHI NAGAYA, MASAAKI UEMATSU, HIDEO OYA, NAGATO SATO, FUMIO SAKAMAKI, SHINGO KYOTANI, KAZUYUKI UENO, NORIFUMI NAKANISHI, MASAKAZU YAMAGISHI, KUNIO MIYATAKE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

We sought to assess the effects of oral supplementation of l-arginine, the precursor of nitric oxide (NO), on hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Acute hemodynamic responses to oral l-arginine (0.5 g/10 kg body weight) or placebo were examined in 19 patients with primary or precapillary secondary pulmonary hypertension. Cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed to measure peak oxygen consumption (peak V˙ o 2) and the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production (V˙ e-V˙ co 2 slope) before and 1 wk after treatment with l-arginine (1.5 g/10 kg body weight/d) or placebo. Oral supplementation of l-arginine significantly increased plasma l-citrulline, which indicated enhancement of NO production. Supplemental l-arginine produced a 9% decrease in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (53 ± 4 to 48 ± 4 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and a 16% decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance (14.8 ± 1.5 to 12.4 ± 1.4 Wood units, p < 0.05). l-arginine modestly decreased mean systemic arterial pressure (92 ± 4 to 87 ± 3 mm Hg, p < 0.05). A 1-wk supplementation of l-arginine resulted in a slight increase in peak V˙ o 2 (831 ± 88 to 896 ± 92 ml/min, p < 0.05) and a significant decrease in the V˙ e-V˙ co 2 slope (43 ± 4 to 37 ± 3, p < 0.05) without significant systemic hypotension. Hemodynamics and exercise capacity remained unchanged during placebo administration. These results suggest that oral supplementation of l-arginine may have beneficial effects on hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Response to Comment on Zhu et al. Fasting Plasma Glucose at 24–28 Weeks to Screen for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: New Evidence From China. Diabetes Care 2013;36:2038–2040
Authors: Wei-wei Zhu, Hui-xia Yang, Anil Kapur
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

As mentioned in the letter by Savona-Ventura et al. (1), the results of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) screening protocol followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the pregnant women whose FPG level was 4.4–5.0 mmol/L show a similar trend in the rate of missed diagnosis (12.2 vs. 10.1%) between our study (2) and their study (3), but substantially diverse rate in requiring a formal OGTT (49.7 vs. 31.1%). This variation is probably linked to ethnic factors. FPG alone fails to identify a significant proportion of …
Seeing the forests for the more than the trees.
Authors: D Taylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Assessing the health effects of deforestation is difficult because of the rate at which the world's forests are disappearing. From 1990 to 1995 alone, the world lost a total area of forest cover nearly twice the size of Italy. Deforestation, which is caused by human population growth and encroachment, clearance for agricultural production, and the growing worldwide demand for wood products, has been linked with effects ranging from local changes in climatic and disease patterns to global climate change and biodiversity loss. Deforestation is responsible for about 25% of net annual releases of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and also lessens the amount of forest available to absorb greenhouse gas emissions. Deforestation also causes a tremendous loss of biodiversity worldwide. It is estimated that over the next 50 years deforestation will rank as the single greatest cause of species loss.
A Study of Factors Affecting the Fate of Parathyroid Transplants in the Rat
Authors: George L. Jordan
Journal: JAMA (1961)

LONG-TERM survival of tissue transplanted from j one individual to another has rarely been observed, except in cases of identical twins. In most instances, homotransplanted tissue survives from 1 to 3 weeks and is then rejected by the host. It is now generally agreed that rejection of tissue represents an immune reaction. This conclusion is supported by the observation that a second transplant of tissue from the same donor is rejected at a more rapid rate than the first, indicating that the first transplant confers a certain degree of immunity.<sup>1</sup>The immunity resulting from transplantation of one type of tissue will affect subsequent transplants of other tissues from the same donor. For example, if a homograft of skin is performed subsequent to the rejection of a renal homograft from the same donor, the skin graft will be rejected as rapidly as if the first transplant had been skin.<sup>2</sup>
Moderates and radicals
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Dr Philip Norrie is a plain speaking man—a human clotbuster for all killjoys. One of some 150 practising doctors in Australia who have established vineyards, a tradition that began with the first white settlers, his mission is to preach about the therapeutic effects of wine drinking—in moderation, of course—whenever he can. In this case, the setting was the burnished oak panelling and marble colonnades of Australia House, where a packed assembly of wine buffs, foodies, and journalists, unable to resist a legitimate excuse to drink Australian wine for free, had gathered to hear the evidence.

”Wine is like Draino [an agent widely used in Australia to unblock …
Acute renal failure after TAB and cholera vaccination.
Authors: A J Eisinger, J G Smith
Journal: BMJ (1979)

agglutinating antibodies could be detected against the isolated strain, but by the time the enteritis was over the titre had risen to 1/1280.When we saw the patient in our outpatient clinic the titre had declined to 1/160.After the arthritis had disappeared no antibodies could be detected.Radiological examination of the sacroiliac and ankle joints showed no abnormalities.Tissue typing showed HLA-A 2,28; B 12,27.Eight weeks after the onset of the arthritis all signs and symptoms had disappeared.
The Clinical Importance of Cholangioscopy
Authors: J. Shore, G. Berci
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

2. The results of cholangioscopy in 109 primary choledocholithotomies are presented: a) Calculi were missed by endoscopy in 2 patients (2%). – b) Hepatic calculi visualized by endoscopy could not be removed in two patients; both underwent primary sphincteroplasty. – c) Removal of biliary calculi was facilitated by visual localization in three patients. – d) Interpretation of inconclusive operative cholangiograms was aided in eight patients.
IMPACT OF REMOTE, WIRELESS PULMONARY ARTERY HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: INSIGHTS FROM THE CHAMPION TRIAL
Authors: Alan B. Miller, John Teerlink, Peter Carson, Wayne Levy, Eugene Chung, Edward Gilbert, Brad Jeffries, Jay Yadav, Susan Neville, Pam Cowart, Phillip Adamson, William Abraham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGE IN HEMOGLOBIN DURING ACUTE HEART FAILURE ADMISSION
Authors: Sameer Ather, Chirag Bavishi, Anita Deswal, Kumudha Ramasubbu, David Aguilar, Wenyaw Chan, Srinath Vemuri, Allison Pritchett, Xander Wehrens, Biykem Bozkurt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cases of Fistula in ANO Treated by Ligature
Authors: D. Mackinder
Journal: BMJ (1859)

says (what I avoided stating, although strongly suspecting it), that Hainlenanri was accused "of tryincg to make money by false representations;" and Hahnemann's own account of the transaction is to the eflect that he might have got " at least as much in the way of honorarium" by publishing a big book on scarlet fever, as by " subscribing" a secret remedy, with the promise of a little book in the future !The reviewer further discovers that the price " could not have been more than a shilling;" a statement for which lhe gives no auithority, but which reminds me of the wet nurse's answer, when asked if her child was not illegitimate, "Yes, ma'am, but it's a very little one !"Surely this is very lamenitable, if it were not somewhat too
The place of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of focal hyperhidrosis
Authors: A. Benohanian
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, I read with great interest the paper by Lowe et al.1 in which they discuss the place of botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) in the treatment of focal hyperhidrosis (HH) and propose, based on published data, an algorithm for axillary HH and a second for palmar HH. I agree with the authors that topical medications should be used as first‐line therapy where practical. In that sense I would like to indicate that treatment with supersaturated concentrations of aluminium chloride (AlCl3) ranging from 25% to 50% in a 4–6% salicylic acid (SA) gel should be considered, particularly on the palms and soles,2 alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities such as iontophoresis and BTX‐A, before resorting to surgery. Even patients with axillary HH, who failed to respond to AlCl3 in alcohol or did not tolerate it, found AlCl3 in the gel formulation3 more effective and better tolerated. The details of this extemporaneous formulation have already been published.4