tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reducing the Burden of Communication Disorders in the Developing World
Authors: Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Robert J. Ruben, Agnete Parving
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Wt1 and Epicardial Fate Mapping
Authors: Carsten Rudat, Andreas Kispert
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

The embryonic epicardium is a crucial cell source of the cardiac fibrous skeleton as well as of the coronary system. Genetic lineage tracing systems based on Wt1 regulatory sequences provided evidence that epicardium-derived cells also adopt a myocardial fate in the mouse.To define the adequacy of Wt1-based lineage tracing systems for epicardial fate mapping.Using in situ hybridization analysis and immunofluorescence on tissue sections, we detected endogenous expression of Wt1 mRNA and Wt1 protein in the proepicardium and epicardium and also in endothelial cells throughout cardiogenesis. Expression analysis of a sensitive GFP reporter showed that recombination mediated by cre recombinase in the Wt1(creEGFP) line occurs randomly and sporadically in all cells of the embryo. Recombination in cardiomyocytes was found in the linear heart tube before establishment of a (pro)epicardium. In contrast, the tamoxifen-inducible Wt1(creERT2) mouse line mediated poor and variable recombination in the epicardium. Recombination in cardiomyocytes was not detected in this case.Frequently used Wt1 based cre-mediated lineage tracing systems are not suitable for epicardial fate mapping because of endogenous endothelial expression of Wt1, ectopic recombination (Wt1(creEGFP)), and poor recombination efficiency (Wt1(creERT2)) in the developing heart. We conclude that claims of a cardiomyocyte fate of epicardial cells in the mouse are not substantiated.
PELLAGEA IN GREAT BRITAIN SINCE 1934.
Authors: J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, H. GORDON MCGREGOR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1939)

Journal Article PELLAGEA IN GREAT BRITAIN SINCE 1934. Get access J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, M.B., B.CH., J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, M.B., B.CH. Dermatologist, Royal Sussex County Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. GORDON MCGREGOR, M.D., M.R.C.P. H. GORDON MCGREGOR, M.D., M.R.C.P. Medical Registrar, Royal Sussex County Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 51, Issue 2, 1 February 1939, Pages 51–63, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1939.tb10649.x Published: 01 February 1939
Reversible hydrogel formation driven by protein–peptide–specific interaction and chondrocyte entrapment
Authors: Fuyu Ito, Kengo Usui, Daigo Kawahara, Atsushi Suenaga, Tei Maki, Satoru Kidoaki, Harukazu Suzuki, Makoto Taiji, Masayoshi Itoh, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Takehisa Matsuda
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
biting the utilitarian bullet
Authors: jonathan baron
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

the heuristics-and-biases approach requires a clear separation of normative and descriptive models. normative models cannot be justified by intuition, or by consensus. the lack of consensus on normative theory is a problem for prescriptive approaches. one solution to the prescriptive problem is to argue contingently: if you are concerned about consequences, here is a way to make them better.
KERATITIS BULLOSA.Read before the Chicago Pathological Society. Feb. 8, 1892.
Authors: T. ELLIOTT COLBTJRN
Journal: JAMA (1892)

This exceedingly rare disease of the cornea I have met but twice in a private and dispensary practice extending over a period of more than ten years. Researches made for literature upon the subject yield scanty returns, as many other specialists appear to have been even less favored, and some of the articles are quite vague, and rather evince the idea that the writer has not personally come in contact with the disease. Mr. 0-had been suffering for seven months from a recurring sensation of irritation in the lower lid, as he supposed, of the right eye. At night, it was only after firm pressure and much rubbing, that he was able to keep the lid closed, and frequently was not able to sleep on account of the irritation. Upoil examination I found a small vesicle on the cornea, near its margin, which, on being punctured, discharged a minute quantity
THE ENHANCING EFFECT OF BONE MARROW CELLS ON THE PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE ISOLATED PERFUSED SPLEEN
Authors: Robert C. Atkins, William A. Robinson, Ben Eiseman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

The addition of bone marrow cells or peripheral lymphocytes to the isolated pig spleen markedly enhanced the primary antibody response after 3-day perfusion and antigenic challenge in vitro. The splenic preparation without added cells or with the addition of marrow cells to an irradiated spleen gave a limited response. Contributory evidence is provided that at least two distinct cell types are needed for antibody production. For optimal antibody response by an isolated perfused spleen, marrow cells or peripheral lymphocytes should be added to the system.
The Menopause: Comprehensive Management
Authors: Janet E. Shepherd
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Few issues in modern medicine cause more concern than the aging patient population and the imperative to contain the costs of caring for them. The first two editions of this textbook may have been ahead of their time, but this third one arrives when the topics of menopause and health maintenance in the aging woman have truly come to the fore. "The inclusion of a chapter on pregnancy is an interesting sign of the times." The book is divided into four sections, each examining menopause from a different point of view. The first, "Aging and the Menopause," begins with a provocative look at the biology of aging by editor Bernard Eskin. Another chapter addresses psychiatric myths of the menopause, exploring midlife issues in their social, cultural, and psychological context. The inclusion of a chapter on pregnancy is an interesting sign of the times. The second section, "Clinical Problems in the
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in selected autoimmune diseases.
Authors: J L Feldmann, M J Becker, H Moutsopoulos, K Fye, M Blackman, W V Epstein, N Talal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity mediated by peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa. Sjogren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. The target cells were chicken erythrocytes coated with rabbit anti-chicken erythrocyte antibody. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was normal in Sjogren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis but significantly decreased (P is less than 0.001) in active systemic lupus erythematosus and in two patients with polyarteritis nodosa. A partial regeneration of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was obtained by treatment with pronase and DNase followed by overnight incubation. Sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus inhibited antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity of normal lymphocytes. The inhibitory activity was studied by specific immunoadsorption and sucrose density geadient ultracentrifugation. Removal of IgG but not IgM greatly reduced inhibition. Inhibitory factors were present in 7S and heavier fractions containing IgG. Five systemic lupus erythematosus patients were studied serially to determine if improvement in clinical status could be correlated with a decrease in serum inhibitory factors as studied by inhibition of normal antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Indeed, a greater serum inhibitory capacity was found in each patient during periods of greater disease activity.
Blackboards in the brain
Authors: Ralph-Axel Müller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Although van der Velde's de Kamps's (vdV&amp;dK) attempt to put syntactic processing into a broader context of combinatorial cognition is promising, their coverage of neuroscientific evidence is disappointing. Neither their case against binding by temporal coherence nor their arguments against recurrent neural networks are compelling. As an alternative, vdV&amp;dK propose a blackboard model that is based on the assumption of special processors (e.g., lexical versus grammatical), but evidence from the cognitive neuroscience of language, which is, overall, less than supportive of such special processors, is not considered. As a consequence, vdV&amp;dK's may be a clever model of syntactic processing, but it remains unclear how much we can learn from it with regard to biologically based human language.
Abstract 938: Metabolomic analysis on pharmacological responses to oxaliplatin plus 5-FU in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Akito Nishimuta, Junya Tsuzaki, Yusuke Ikoma, Yuki Otani, Hidehiro Irie, Tetsuya Suzuki, Masahiro Sugimoto, Tomoyoshi Soga, Yusuke Tanigawara
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (FOLFOX regimen) is an important treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. However, metabolic functions to determine pharmacological response to L-OHP in combination with 5-FU are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to elucidate metabolomic responses to L-OHP in combination with 5-FU and key pathways relating to chemosensitivity. Experimental Procedures: Human colorectal carcinoma, HCT116 (high-sensitive) and DLD-1 (low-sensitive) cells, were exposed to L-OHP, 5-FU or L-OHP plus 5-FU. After treatment with the anti-cancer agents, the intracellular metabolites were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and simultaneously and quantitatively analyzed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS). The mRNA expression level of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) was measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (Taqman PCR). Results: N1-acetylspermine and N8-acetylspermidine in polyamine metabolism were accumulated to a greater extent after L-OHP exposure in drug-sensitive cancer cells. The mRNA expression level of SSAT-1, a key enzyme in polyamine catabolism, increased after L-OHP exposure in drug-sensitive cancer cells but not drug-resistant cancer cells. In addition to the up-regulation of polyamine metabolism in drug-sensitive cancer cells, the intracellular levels of endogenous nucleotides remarkably increased after L-OHP exposure in drug-sensitive cancer cells. These results imply the changes in nucleotide metabolism due to the disruption of DNA synthesis by L-OHP. The intracellular level of α-alanine also accumulated after L-OHP exposure in drug-sensitive cancer cells. α-alanine is known as a pyrimidine catabolite of uracil. These results show that nucleotide metabolism and polyamine metabolism may be important metabolic pathways relating to L-OHP chemosensitivity. Furthermore, in drug-sensitive cancer cells, polyamine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism were up-regulated after exposure to L-OHP plus 5-FU. On the other hand, metabolites belonging to each metabolic pathway on the whole increased moderately after exposure to L-OHP plus 5-FU in drug-resistant cancer cells. Conclusions: Polyamine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism are important metabolic pathways relating to responsiveness to L-OHP plus 5-FU. The present CE-TOFMS metabolome analysis created a new finding on metabolomic response to L-OHP plus 5-FU in colorectal cancer cells with different chemosensitivities. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 938. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-938
Mycophenolate mofetil versus azathioprine for prevention of acute rejection in renal transplantation (MYSS): a randomised trial
Authors: Giuseppe Remuzzi, Mariadomenica Lesti, Eliana Gotti, Maria Ganeva, Borislav D Dimitrov, Bogdan Ene-Iordache, Giulia Gherardi, Donato Donati, Maurizio Salvadori, Silvio Sandrini, Umberto Valente, Giuseppe Segoloni, Georges Mourad, Stefano Federico, Paolo Rigotti, Vito Sparacino, Jean-Louis Bosmans, Norberto Perico, Piero Ruggenenti
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
Basic Curricular Goals in Medical Ethics
Authors: Charles M. Culver, K. Danner Clouser, Bernard Gert, Howard Brody, John Fletcher, Albert Jonsen, Loretta Kopelman, Joanne Lynn, Mark Siegler, Daniel Wikler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Formal teaching of ethics in the medical school curriculum has increased greatly during the past 15 years. Yet, schools vary in how much attention they give the subject, and even those that do offer courses vary considerably in the form and content of their curricula. Although the result has been a notable degree of innovation and creativity in teaching methods, the diversity has also created certain impressions that require close scrutiny. A medical school dean or curriculum committee surveying the current state of education in medical ethics might conclude that nothing has evolved that might serve as a national standard . . .
Internal Bleeding: The Truth Behind America's Terrifying Epidemic of Medical Mistakes
Authors: Tim Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

As with so many before them, Wachter and Shojania, practising doctors in the United States, start their book with a prologue outlining their own involvement in patient safety issues. It seems that everyone must undergo a public catharsis before they are able to talk about safety and harm. It was thus, with this formulaic confession, that I was immediately put off this book, assuming that it would not add much to the safety literature. However, as soon as I realised that this book was not for people like me—safety junkies—or even directed at clinicians without a special interest in the field, but for patients, my interest was rekindled.

How would the authors explain this complex field to patients? Rather well in my opinion. Overall they capture the difficult issues involved, including …
The Memory Experience
Authors: Balaji Ravichandran
Journal: BMJ (2006)

W hen the first George Bush boldly proclaimed the 1990s to be “the decade of the brain,” little did he realise how much the public's enthusiasm for neuroscience would grow. This should come as no surprise—our brains, after all, make us who we are, providing us with a sense of identity. And the media have been particularly astute in picking up stories about the mind.

The BBC is no exception, and has commissioned a series of programmes—mostly on radio, but also on television—spanning two months, dedicated to, as it calls it, “the memory experience.”

A two hour live special on a hot Saturday morning (22 July) might not have been the ideal way to begin the series. But it seems to have worked—almost. Presenters Mariella Frostrup and Mark Porter, a doctor and broadcaster, invited experts and special guests to provide “insights” into the cycle of human memory—from memory in the neonatal period to memory in the final decades of human life.

What began as an interesting programme, though, became a source of worry within the first 15 minutes. Without a …
Association of Periampullary Diverticula with Primary Choledocholithiasis but not with Secondary Choledocholithiasis
Authors: M.-H. Kim, S. J. Myung, D. W. Seo, S. K. Lee, Y. S. Kim, M. H. Lee, B. M. Yoo, M. I. Min
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

Background and Study Aims: Several endoscopic studies have reported an association between periampullary diverticula and biliary calculi, but the results are inconsistent when the anatomic site of the stones is considered. The aims of our study are to evaluate the association between periampullary diverticula and gallstones according to their site and to clarify the origin of the common bile duct stones by analyzing their composition.
Survival after Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome among Bilateral Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors: C. Ashley Finlen Copeland, Laurie D. Snyder, David W. Zaas, W. Jackson Turbyfill, W. Austin Davis, Scott M. Palmer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: Despite the importance of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in lung transplantation, little is known regarding the factors that influence survival after the onset of this condition, particularly among bilateral transplant recipients.Objectives: To identify factors that influence survival after the onset of BOS among bilateral lung transplant recipients.Methods: The effect of demographic or clinical factors, occurring before BOS, upon survival after the onset of BOS was studied in 95 bilateral lung transplant recipient using Cox proportional hazards models.Measurements and Main Results: Although many factors, including prior acute rejection or rejection treatments, were not associated with survival after BOS, BOS onset within 2 years of transplantation (early-onset BOS), or BOS onset grade of 2 or 3 (high-grade onset) were predictive of significantly worse survival (early onset P = 0.04; hazard ratio, 1.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–3.29; high-grade onset P = 0.003; hazard ratio, 2.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–4.32). The effects of both early onset and high-grade onset on survival persisted in multivariable analysis and after adjustment for concurrent treatments. Results suggested an interaction might exist between early onset and high-grade onset. In particular, high-grade onset of BOS, regardless of its timing after transplant, is associated with a very poor prognosis.Conclusions: The course of BOS after bilateral lung transplantation is variable. Distinct patterns of survival after BOS are evident and related to timing or severity of onset. Further characterization of these subgroups should provide a more rational basis from which to design, stratify, and assess response in future BOS treatment trials.
Medicine as a Science: Psychiatry
Authors: Erich Lindemann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

PSYCHIATRY is regarded by many as the youngest among the medical sciences and by some is considered not "scientific" in many of its aspects. It is, without question, a highly controversial field of medicine, yet the last fifty years have witnessed its phenomenal growth as one of the recognized medical disciplines, and it has exerted a tremendous influence that reaches far beyond the confines of medicine and has become the object of both belles lettres and the cartoon. How much of this large field will survive for another fifty years and in what manner it will continue to manifest itself . . .
Cytogenetic and teratogenic test of polybrominated biphenyls in rodents.
Authors: G F Wertz, G Ficsor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Previously we reported negative terata and c-mitosis synergism of FireMaster (polybrominated biphenyls) with colchicine in subacutely treated rats. Now we report absence of chromosome aberrations from FireMaster and absence of c-mitosis synergism of FireMaster and colchicine in male mice. For the study of chromosome aberrations groups of three mice received 0, 50, or 500 mg/kg FireMaster or 4.5 mg/kg triethylenemelamine (TEM) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide through a single stomach gavage administration. Five hours before killing the animals were injected with 5 mg colchicine/kg. Groups of 3 mice from each treatment killed 12, 24, and 48 hr after treatment. From the bone marrow of each of 36 mice 100 metaphases were scored for gaps, chromatid and chromosome breaks, rearrangements and pulverized chromosomes. Only TEM induced chromosome damage. For detection of synergism between FireMaster and colchicine, slides prepared for chromosome analysis were also scored for metaphase and mitotic indeces. Control mice for detection of synergism were treated as for the chromosome study but were not injected with colchicine. Approximately 1000 cells were scored from each of 72 animals for determination of metaphase and mitotic indeces. FireMaster did not show c-mitosis synergism with colchicine in mice. Treatment with FireMaster did not cause visually recognizable toxicity.
DERMOID CYST OF THE OVARY, WITH REPORT OF TWO CASES.
Authors: J. F. FOX
Journal: JAMA (1898)

A dermoid cyst may be defined as a heterotopic tumor, containing the products of epithelial proliferation, fat, hair, teeth, cholesterin, bone, etc. They were first described by Lebert in 1852, who applied the term "dermoid" to all cysts lined by a cyst wall resembling in structure that of the external skin. These cysts are found in nearly all parts of the body, the ovaries, testicle, orbit, floor of the mouth, brain, eye, lungs, anterior mediastinum and mesentery. They occur, however, far more frequently in the ovary. In 188 cases of dermoid cysts collected by Lebert, the ovary was found to be the seat of the tumor in 129 cases, being nearly 70 per cent, of the entire number recorded. According to Senn the wall of a dermoid cyst is composed of connective tissue, its inner surface is often smooth resembling a serous surface, but microscopic examination always reveals an epithelial
Improved Graves' Speculum.
Authors: E. F. FISH
Journal: JAMA (1900)

I desire to call the attention of the profession to an improvement I have added to the Graves speculum, which is made of two blades held together by two handles and a set-screw. There is a slot in the upper and outer handle so as to allow it to be moved up or down on the set-screw, and thus adjust the size of the vulvar opening. The handles of these blades are smooth on the surfaces which come together, and the set-screw is supposed to be tightened so that they can not slip. There is a lever on the upper blade. When the speculum is placed in the vagina and the lever is pressed so as to separate the distal ends of the blades to expose the cervix, the handles will slide on each other unless the vulva is large and lax. This will happen when the least force is
General Anesthesia — Minding the Mind during Surgery
Authors: Gregory Crosby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

William Morton's demonstration of the use of ether in 1846 was powerful in part because the patient had no memory of the procedure; nowadays, patients expect to have amnesia with general anesthesia. But conscious awareness — the ability to remember and explicitly recall events that transpire during surgery — still occurs on occasion, sometimes with devastating psychological consequences. The easy explanation is that awareness is due to underdosing of the anesthetic agent. This explanation provides a sense of control and a ready fix (administer more anesthesia) but conveniently overlooks a secret: the state of consciousness is typically not monitored directly . . .