tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OBSERVATIONS ON ANTITYPHOID VACCINATION
Authors: Henry J. Nichols
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

1. Metchnikoff and Besredka's living sensitized vaccine produces a typhoid cholecystitis when injected directly into the gall bladder of rabbits. It is therefore infectious. 2. Rabbits cannot be successfully immunized with this vaccine against direct gall bladder infections. Accordingly, rabbits cannot be used to test immunity in this way. 3. The strain used in the Army vaccine is pathogenic, relatively avirulent, and distinctly toxic. Its efficacy is believed to depend on its toxicity. 4. Vaccinations in those who have had typhoid and revaccinations produce more severe local reactions than original vaccinations in some instances. 5. The typhoidin skin test is not believed to be an index of true immunity, but rather an indication of typhoid proteid sensitization, which is not so complete, so permanent, or so specific as true immunity.
Decreased expression of Fas (APO-1/CD95) on lesional CD4+ T lymphocytes in cutaneous T cell lymphomas: correlations with blood data.
Authors: O. Dereure, P. Portales, J. Clot, J-J. Guilhou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Decreased expression of Fas (APO‐1/CD95) on lesional CD4+ T lymphocytes in cutaneous T cell lymphomas: correlations with blood data Get access O. Dereure, O. Dereure Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology and *Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 2 avenue B. Sans, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, FranceE‐mail: ofdereure@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Portales, P. Portales Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology and *Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 2 avenue B. Sans, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, FranceE‐mail: ofdereure@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Clot, J. Clot Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology and *Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 2 avenue B. Sans, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, FranceE‐mail: ofdereure@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐J. Guilhou J‐J. Guilhou Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology and *Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 2 avenue B. Sans, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, FranceE‐mail: ofdereure@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 145, Issue 6, 1 December 2001, Pages 1031–1032, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04544.x Published: 01 December 2001
Effects of a Small Quantity of ω-3 Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in NIDDM: A randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled study
Authors: Lloyd Axelrod, Janice Camuso, Ellen Williams, Kenneth Kleinman, Esperanza Briones, David Schoenfeld
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of a low dose of ω-3 fatty acids on platelet function and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellus (NIDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled study of a low dose of ω-3 fatty acids (2.5 g/day) in 20 ambulatory subjects with NIDDM. Subjects ingested five 1-g fish oil capsules each containing 0.5 g ω-3 fatty acids or five 1-g safflower oil capsules per day for 6 weeks followed by a 6-week washout period. RESULTS Nine subjects completed the study in each group. Both groups exhibited moderate control of glucose levels; modest elevations in baseline total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels; and normal blood pressure values. In the fish oil group, plasma ω-3 fatty acid levels increased significantly. Fish oil significantly reduced the slope of the dose-response curves for collagen-induced platelet aggregation to one-third the value observed with safflower oil. No difference was observed in collageninduced production of thromboxane A2 (TXA2, measured as the stable derivative TXB2), or in adenosine-5'-diphosphate- (ADP) induced platelet aggregation or TXA2 generation. Patients with high initial collagen-induced platelet TXA2 production showed a significantly larger drop after fish oil than safflower oil. Fish oil significantly reduced TG levels by 44 mg/dl and decreased upright systolic blood pressure (sBP) by 8 mmHg compared with safflower oil. Fish oil caused a significant but small increase in HbA1c (0.56%) and total cholesterol (20 mg/dl) but had no effect on fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS Small doses of fish oil inhibit platelet aggregation and TXA2 production, reduce upright sBP and TG levels, and have only a small effect on glucose and cholesterol levels in patients with moderately controlled NIDDM. Small quantities of ω-3 fatty acids or dietary fish are safe and potentially beneficial in NIDDM patients.
Neurological and autoimmune disorders after vaccination against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) with a monovalent adjuvanted vaccine: population based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: C. Bardage, I. Persson, A. Ortqvist, U. Bergman, J. F. Ludvigsson, F. Granath
Journal: BMJ (2011)

To examine the risk of neurological and autoimmune disorders of special interest in people vaccinated against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) with Pandemrix (GlaxoSmithKline, Middlesex, UK) compared with unvaccinated people over 8-10 months.Retrospective cohort study linking individualised data on pandemic vaccinations to an inpatient and specialist database on healthcare utilisation in Stockholm county for follow-up during and after the pandemic period.Stockholm county, Sweden. Population All people registered in Stockholm county on 1 October 2009 and who had lived in this region since 1 January 1998; 1,024,019 were vaccinated against H1N1 and 921,005 remained unvaccinated.Neurological and autoimmune diagnoses according to the European Medicines Agency strategy for monitoring of adverse events of special interest defined using ICD-10 codes for Guillain-Barré syndrome, Bell's palsy, multiple sclerosis, polyneuropathy, anaesthesia or hypoaesthesia, paraesthesia, narcolepsy (added), and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 1 diabetes; and short term mortality according to vaccination status.Excess risks among vaccinated compared with unvaccinated people were of low magnitude for Bell's palsy (hazard ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.48) and paraesthesia (1.11, 1.00 to 1.23) after adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and healthcare utilisation. Risks for Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis remained unchanged. The risks of paraesthesia and inflammatory bowel disease among those vaccinated in the early phase (within 45 days from 1 October 2009) of the vaccination campaign were significantly increased; the risk being increased within the first six weeks after vaccination. Those vaccinated in the early phase were at a slightly reduced risk of death than those who were unvaccinated (0.94, 0.91 to 0.98), whereas those vaccinated in the late phase had an overall reduced mortality (0.68, 0.64 to 0.71). These associations could be real or explained, partly or entirely, by residual confounding.Results for the safety of Pandemrix over 8-10 months of follow-up were reassuring -notably, no change in the risk for Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis. Relative risks were significantly increased for Bell's palsy, paraesthesia, and inflammatory bowel disease after vaccination, predominantly in the early phase of the vaccination campaign. Small numbers of children and adolescents with narcolepsy precluded any meaningful conclusions.
Subcutaneous Whole-Body Radionuclide Venography Using Tc-99m In Vivo Tagged Red Blood Cells
Authors: DAVID C. YANG, RITA S. RATANI, JIM KALANI, YU-WEN JOYCE CHEN, YING-FONG HUANG, PAUL MAGZADEH, RAHMAN ILKHANIZADEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose The accurate diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is essential to prevent its complications and to initiate appropriate treatment. Doppler ultrasound (DUS), contrast venography, and intravenous radionuclide venography have been used for many years to detect DVT. However, obtaining venous access in the foot for injection of contrast agent can be difficult. Methods The authors introduce the technique of subcutaneous radionuclide venography using Tc-99m in vivo tagged red blood cells and compare it with DUS, a widely used method. Sixty patients (120 lower extremities) underwent subcutaneous radionuclide venography and DUS. Results The concordance rate was 94% in the femoral veins and 95% in the popliteal veins. Subcutaneous radionuclide venography revealed 10 iliac vein thromboses and 2 inferior vena cava thromboses that were not detected by DUS. Conclusions Subcutaneous radionuclide venography is a useful alternative method for detecting DVT. It is particularly valuable for evaluating DVT in the iliac veins and in the inferior vena cava.
Cutaneous Anthrax in Dar-es-Salaam
Authors: A. C. E. Cole
Journal: BMJ (1951)

MEDICAL MEMORANDABrNmA ~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOURNAL. the factors associated with twin-locking.He found the complication was more likely to arise if the pregnancy occurred in a primigravida and the uterine contractions were strong.He therefore deduced that the effective causal factor in the production of this complication was strong, contractions in a uterus whose basic tone was high.The cases reported bear out Lawrence's findings with regard to the incidence of locking, as both patients were primigravidae and in each case the uterine contractions were strong.Breech and vertex presentation, with the type of locking described above, is classed Group 2 by Lawrence, and in this group it is seen that 86.6% of the leading twins are stillborn.Another possible aetiologi- cal factor may, however, be suggested-namely, intra- uterine death, when the flaccid dead foetus may-be pushed past the head of the other twin by the expulsive ,force of a strongly contracting uterus.
21st-Century Primary Care
Authors: Richard J. Baron, Christine K. Cassel
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug-Nutrient Interactions
Authors: PATRICK J. KEARNS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1983Drug-Nutrient InteractionsPATRICK J. KEARNS, M.D.PATRICK J. KEARNS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-1-109_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The annotated bibliography of recent literature in clinical pharmacology (1) did not contain any references on drug-nutrient interactions. This exciting area has significantly contributed basic concepts and studies of specific clinical drug-nutrient interactions during the past 5 years. This area is relevant to clinical practice in internal medicine. I realize there are heavy pressures on space for the Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program (MKSAP) bibliographies, but some references on this field should be included for completeness. Perhaps a general review with an extensive bibliography as published by Roe (2) would be the most appropriate survey for readers.Readers...References1. MKSAP V. Clinical pharmacology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:465-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ROE D. Interactions between drugs and nutrients. Med Clin North Am. 1979;63:985. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1983Volume 98, Issue 1Page: 109-109KeywordsClinical pharmacologyDrug interactionsDrugs Issue Published: 1 January 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Norepinephrine increases calcium sensitivity of mouse afferent arteriole, thereby enhancing angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction
Authors: En Yin Lai, Michael Fähling, Zufu Ma, Örjan Källskog, Pontus B. Persson, Andreas Patzak, A. Erik G. Persson, Michael Hultström
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Outcome of Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Chronic Hepatitis B on Long-Term Nucleos(t)ide Analog Therapy Starting With Lamivudine *
Authors: George V. Papatheodoridis, Evangelini Dimou, Konstantinos Dimakopoulos, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Irene Rapti, George Kitis, Dimitrios Tzourmakliotis, Emanuel Manesis, Stephanos J. Hadziyannis
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract We determined the clinical outcome of hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B patients treated with long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine. We evaluated 201 such patients treated for 3.8 ± 1.4 years and 2 historical similar cohorts: 1 treated with interferon-alfa (n = 209) and 1 untreated (n = 195). Virological or biochemical remission rate at 48 months under lamivudine was 34% or 36%, respectively, whereas adefovir was administered in 79 patients with virological–biochemical breakthroughs or no response. Of the lamivudine-treated patients, 4 died, 1 underwent a transplantation, and another 8 developed major events, all having advanced fibrosis at baseline and all but 1 having experienced breakthroughs or no response. At 5 years, survival was 96%, and major event–free survival was 93%. The major event–free survival was significantly better in patients with than in those without virological remission under lamivudine. At the end of follow-up, both survival and major event–free survival were independently associated with type of and response to treatment, being significantly better in patients under long-term antiviral therapy or interferon sustained responders than in interferon non-sustained responders or untreated cases (5-year survival: 96% or 98% vs. 88% or 90%, respectively). In conclusion, in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine significantly improves survival and reduces the risk of major complications, compared with interferon non-sustained responders or untreated patients. In such patients with advanced fibrosis, close follow-up for lamivudine resistance and prompt onset of additional antiviral therapy is required or the ab initio use of agent(s) with low resistance rates should be considered. (Hepatology 2005;42:121–129.)
Effect of Chocolate on Acne Vulgaris
Authors: James E. Fulton
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To test the widespread idea that chocolate is harmful in instances of acne vulgaris, 65 subjects with moderate acne ate either a bar containing ten times the amount of chocolate in a typical bar, or an identical-appearing bar which contained no chocolate. Counting of all the lesions on one side of the face before and after each ingestion period indicated no difference between the bars. Five normal subjects ingested two enriched chocolate bars daily for one month; this represented a daily addition of the diet of 1,200 calories, of which about half was vegetable fat. This excessive intake of chocolate and fat did not alter the composition or output of sebum. A review of studies purporting to show that diets high in carbohydrate or fat stimulate sebaceous secretion and adversely affect acne vulgaris indicates that these claims are unproved.
John Maxwell Sinclair
Authors: David M Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Founder epidemiologist of the Framingham heart studyIn 1945 the Western world emerged from the second world war, only to be confronted by an epidemic of heart disease.The US government responded by setting up a study to identify the causes and to diagnose and treat early disease, though the latter aim was dropped as there was no treatment available.The town of Framingham in Massachusetts was chosen as the site for this study because it had a stable population of 28 000 and was close to Harvard University.The Framingham study, as it was known, became world famous."Along with Ancel Keys's seven country study, this was the work on which all other epidemiology of heart disease stands.There isn't a study that doesn't owe its origin to Framingham,"
Metformin's Effects on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Secondary Failure to Sulfonylureas
Authors: Guillermo Fanghänel, Leticia Sánchez-Reyes, Cesar Trujillo, David Sotres, Jorge Espinosa-Campos
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To compare results obtained with metformin versus those obtained with DNA-recombinant insulin in obese patients with NIDDM suffering from secondary failure to sulfonylureas. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted an open, prospective, randomized, and comparative study comprising a total of 60 patients selected and placed in two parallel groups. We had previously confirmed that the subjects had secondary failure to high doses of sulfonylureas. The initial metformin dosage was a single 850 mg tablet, and the dosage was increased to two or three tablets depending on the patient's metabolic changes. The initial dosage of DNA-recombinant insulin was 24 U, subcutaneously administered and divided into two portions: two-thirds at around 8:00 A.M., before breakfast, and the remaining third at 8:00 P.M., before dinner. The dosage was adjusted based on the patient's clinical and metabolic response. RESULTS The initial average glucose value for the metformin group was 269.1 ± 32.2 mg/dl, decreasing by the end of the study to 159.7 ± 30.5 mg/dl. For the insulin group, these figures went from 270.7 ± 24.0 mg/dl at the beginning of the study to 134.8 ± 26.7 mg/dl. This decrease correlates with the reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin from 12.8 to 8.9% for the first group and from 12.3 to 8.2% for the second, as well as with the reduction in triglyceride values from 230.3 to 183.1 mg/dl and from 218.4 to 186.3 mg/dl, respectively. The BMI (27.5–26.4), blood pressure (systolic from 145.7–132.1 mmHg, diastolic from 90.3–84.8 mmHg), and total cholesterol levels (235–202 mg/dl) decreased in only the metformin group. CONCLUSIONS Metformin is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment that improves metabolic control and favorably modifies secondary clinical alterations due to insulin resistance, such as arterial hypertension, overweight, and hyperlipidemia, in obese patients with NIDDM suffering from secondary failure to sulfonylureas.
Finally... a Treatable Illness
Authors: Peter A. Plumeri
Journal: JAMA (1983)

I must admit, I am not a morning person. I have never liked the early rising a physician has to do, and to my displeasure, I had been assigned as moderator of the medical residents' weekly presentations for the month of February. This meant four cold, early morning trips to the hospital. That morning, as I struggled from my nice warm bed, I was further depressed by the thought that a cardiology case was to be presented. A gastroenterologist myself, I had never relished all that cardiac physiology, especially the first thing in the morning. I arrived just in time for the beginning of the presentation. As I warmed my hands on my coffee cup, the resident began. I recognized the patient he was presenting. It was Clotilda Jones, an elderly woman I had seen a few times for functional gastrointestinal complaints. Her major problem, other than being 87 and
A randomized controlled trial on use of propofol alone versus propofol with midazolam, ketamine, and pentazocine “sedato-analgesic cocktail” for sedation during ERCP
Authors: W. Ong, D. Santosh, S. Lakhtakia, D. Nageshwar Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Background and aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) requires adequate patient sedation in order to carry out the procedure successfully. Propofol sedation is being increasingly used during ERCP. There are limited data to evaluate the efficacy of synergistic agents with propofol for sedation during ERCP. The aims of the current study were: (i) to compare patient sedation and tolerance during ERCP using either propofol alone or a "sedato-analgesic cocktail" for induction, along with propofol for maintenance, and (ii) to prospectively compare complications related to both sedation regimens.
Symptomatic Magnesium Deficiency—Clinical and Biochemical Aspects.
Authors: Maurice E. Shils
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Symptomatic Magnesium Deficiency—Clinical and Biochemical Aspects.Maurice E. Shils, M.D.Maurice E. Shils, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-859_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptExperimental human magnesium depletion resulted in the development of neurologic and gastrointestinal signs and symptoms and biochemical changes (SHILSME:Medicine(Balt.) 48:61, 1969). An awareness developed of similar clinical and electrolyte changes occurring in patients with various diseases associated with hypomagnesemia. Most magnesium-depleted individuals are so ill that meaningful studies are not possible. Nine patients were studied, however, under relatively well-controlled conditions. A close resemblance was noted between the manifestations of clinical magnesium deficiency and those of experimental depletion. Marked hypomagnesemia was associated with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and hypocalciuria with one or more signs and symptoms including carpo-pedal spasm (without... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Maurice E. Shils, M.D.Affiliations: New York, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 859-859KeywordsHypocalcemiaHypomagnesemiaMagnesiumSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...