tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P4-20-04: Cytokine Synthesis by Activated Dendritic Cells in Relation to Disease Progression in Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC).
Authors: H Gao, EN Cohen, B-N Lee, A Giordano, S Tin, S Anfossi, CA Parker, M Cristofanilli, V Valero, RH Alvarez, GN Hortobagyi, WA Woodward, NT Ueno, JM Reuben
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Deficiencies in innate and adaptive immune responses by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and myeloid DC (mDC) have been linked to poor clinical outcome in breast cancer (BC) (Treilleux, Clin Cancer Res, 2004, PMID 15569976). pDC produce IFN-a and pro-inflammatory cytokines that regulate innate and adaptive immunity in breast cancer. mDC present in blood and secondary lymphoid organs secrete IL-12 and induce inflammatory cytokine production by T cells. Therefore, we studied DC activity in the peripheral blood and assessed their function with clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Methods: We recruited 115 BC patients [25 with locally advanced non-IBC (LABC), 25 with IBC, 21 with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), and 44 with metastatic IBC (mIBC)] and 31 healthy donors (HD) for this study. Peripheral blood pDC and mDC were activated through toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 to assess IFN-α and IL-10 production whereas mDC were activated through TLR-8 to assess production of IL-12 and TNF-α by multi-parameter flow cytometry. Associations between cytokine production by TLR-activated pDC and mDC with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients were analyzed by Kaplan Meier Test. Results: The median follow-up (FU) of 113 evaluable patients was 14.1 months with a median time to progression of 10.5 months; 54 patients had stable disease (SD) and 59 had progression of disease (PD). Metastasis, previous treatments, and IBC contributed to shorter PFS and OS. Compared to HD, BC patients had significantly fewer total DC (p=0.008), mDC (p=0.008), and pDC (p=0.003) per μL. In general, the number of TLR-7-activated pDC per μL that produced IFN-a(p=0.023) or IL-10 (p=0.027) and the number of TLR-8-activated mDC per μL that produced IL-12 (p&amp;lt;0.001) or TNF-α (p=0,008) were significantly lower in BC patients than in HD. However, patients with DC that produced these cytokines above the median levels of HD had shorter PFS or OS. In IBC patients, higher numbers of TLR-8-activated mDC that produced TNF-α (p=0.025) or IL-12 (p=0.003) predicted shorter OS. In mIBC patients, a higher number of TLR-7-activated pDC producing IFN-α (p=0.024) or IL-10 (p=0.034) predicted shorter PFS. Conclusion: BC patients had significantly fewer pDC and mDC in peripheral blood than HD. IBC patients with above average numbers of TLR-activated DC capable of producing proinflammatory cytokines had a significantly shorter PFS or OS. Disease progression in IBC is related to an increased number of activated dendritic cells producing inflammatory cytokines. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-20-04.
Instantaneous lung capillary blood flow in patients with heart disease
Authors: N. B. Karatzas, G. d. J. Lee
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

Journal Article Instantaneous lung capillary blood flow in patients with heart disease Get access N. B. Karatzas, N. B. Karatzas 2 From the Department of the Regius Professor of Medicine,University of Oxford, and the Cardiac Department, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford 2Present address: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94122, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. de J. Lee G. de J. Lee From the Department of the Regius Professor of Medicine,University of Oxford, and the Cardiac Department, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 4, Issue 3, July 1970, Pages 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/4.3.265 Published: 01 July 1970 Article history Accepted: 16 October 1969 Published: 01 July 1970
Multiple infundibular tumours of the head and neck
Authors: G.H. FINDLAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Multiple infundibular tumours of the head and neck Get access G.H. FINDLAY G.H. FINDLAY Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 5, 1 May 1989, Pages 633–638, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01348.x Published: 01 May 1989
Combined role of the Lewis antigenic system, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and C-reactive protein in unstable angina
Authors: Dominick J Angiolillo, Giovanna Liuzzo, Simona Pelliccioni, Erica De Candia, Raffaele Landolfi, Filippo Crea, Attilio Maseri, Luigi M Biasucci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Road safety advocacy
Authors: Jeanne Breen
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Health professionals have an important role in implementing measures to reduce deaths and injuries on the roads As many as 50 million people each year may be injured in road traffic crashes globally-a total representing the combined populations of Beijing, Delhi, London, Paris, and New York. 1 Without increased safety effort to match the growing number of motor vehicles in low to middle income countries, road traffic injury is predicted be the third leading contributor to the global burden of disease and injury by 2020. 2 Heeding such a forecast, the World Health Organization this week placed road safety advocacy high on the agenda for public health professionals, alongside other key activities. 1 According to WHO, "hidden epidemics" such as road traffic deaths and injuries receive relatively little national or international attention. 3Without solid action now, the forecast looks bleak over the next decades for low income countries. 4ven in countries that have more active road safety programmes, too few evidence based measures are being implemented and too few are being promoted by too few organisations. 5Road crashes continue to be the leading cause of death and hospital admission for people under 50 years old in the European Union. 6So what can health professionals do to help?
Mycophenolate for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis: Prospective assessment of its efficacy and safety for induction and maintenance of remission in a large cohort of treatment-naïve patients
Authors: Kalliopi Zachou, Nikolaos Gatselis, Georgia Papadamou, Eirini I Rigopoulou, George N Dalekos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
RELATION OF PHYSICIANS TO THE SO-CALLED "ETHICAL" PROPRIETARY MEDICINES.
Authors: G. B. KUYKENDALL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The medical profession is awakening to the fact that it has been made a cat's paw to rake out the proverbial chestnuts for the proprietary manufacturers. The work done by several lay papers and byThe Journalof the American Medical Association and by a few other medical journals is having good results in causing physicians to try to see where they are. There can be no doubt of the justice of the censure that has been passed on a number of proprietary manufacturers. The exposure of their methods has been so complete and the evidence against them so conclusive that there is no room for question. There is no language too strong to use in condemnation of crooked concerns and their methods, but the question arises: For how much of this state of affairs are the members of our profession responsible? If not responsible for the sins of the
P15.18 * NAUSEA AND EMESIS DURING NEUROONCOLOGICAL CHEMOTHERAPY - PROBLEM RESOLVED WITH ANY SETRONE?
Authors: L. Just, H. Rock, H. M. Strik
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Temozolomide, the most important chemotherapeutic agent used in neurooncology, has moderate emetogenic potential. With the introduction of ondansetron, the first 5HT3-antagonist on the market, most of us neurooncologists thought that the problem of nausea and emesis was resolved. Some patients, however, report on severe nausea and vomiting during treatment. We therefore initiated a study on nausea and quality of life during chemotherapy of neurooncological diseases. METHODS: The MASCC questionnaire on nausea and emesis includes an 11-step scale on nausea and frequency of vomiting. We midified it with a visual analogue scale and ask patients to fill this in one day before and 10 days from the start of chemotherapy for 2 cycles. Additional questions aks for anticipatory vomiting. In order to assess a possible influence of depressive symptoms and the impact of chemotherapy on quality of life, EORTC QLQ-C30 with BN20 and health questionnaire 9 are asked to be filled in once before and for two cycles during chemotherapy. RESULTS: At abstract submission, 17 patients treated with temozolomide were included. The absolute doses of temozolomide ranged from 60 to 420mg, according to the respective dosing regimen. Antiemetic treatment included aliprazide 50mg, ondansetrone 8mg, granisetrone 2mg or palonosetrone 0.5mg. Two thirds of patients (12/17) did not suffer from nausea and emesis. Relevant nausea only occurred at doses of 200mg or more of temozolomide. With aliprazide, the maximal intensity of nausea of 10 at the visual analogue scale was already reached with 200mg of temozolomide day 1. By contrast, maximal values of only 7 occurred with ondansetrone and granisetrone with a delayed peak at day 3. With palonosetrone, max. values of 4 were reached at day 3 even with 420mg of temozolomide. Of note, nausea often persisted for 2-3 days after application of temozolomide. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess nausea and emesis over a longer period of time. The preliminary analysis already shows marked differences between patients, depending from the dose of temozolomide and the antiemetic regimen. The intensity can be maximal and the duration longer than the application of chemotherapy. This demonstrates that nausea and emesis can be more intense than generally noted and should carefully be asked for and treated with long lasting antiemetics. Updated results of this ongoing study with more patients included and more detailed subgroup analysis will be presented.
The relation between gastric acid secretion and body habitus, blood groups, smoking, and the subsequent development of dyspepsia and duodenal ulcer
Authors: B. H. Novis, I. N. Marks, S. Bank, A. W. Sloan
Journal: Gut (1973)

One hundred and seventy-six students free of gastrointestinal disease were studied to establish normal acid secretion values for healthy male and female students by the augmented histamine test and to re-examine the relationship between gastric acid secretion and ABO blood groups, body weight, fat-free body mass, height, degree of ectomorphy and mesomorphy, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and serum cholesterol. A prospective study was then carried out on gastric acid secretion and the subsequent development after 10 years of duodenal ulcers or dyspepsia.Young, healthy medical students have a fairly high mean basal and maximal acid output. There was very little difference in the mean acid outputs of the various ABO blood groups. A significant correlation was shown between acid output and body weight and fat-free body mass, but not with the other measurements of body build. Basal acid output was also related to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Three students who subsequently developed duodenal ulcers all had a preexistent high level of acid secretion. The acid output was, however, similar in the groups who developed significant or minor dyspepsia or who remained asymptomatic.
Toward better benchmarking: challenge-based methods assessment in cancer genomics
Authors: Paul C Boutros, Adam A Margolin, Joshua M Stuart, Andrea Califano, Gustavo Stolovitzky
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Rapid technological development has created an urgent need for improved evaluation of algorithms for the analysis of cancer genomics data. We outline how challenge-based assessment may help fill this gap by leveraging crowd-sourcing to distribute effort and reduce bias.
Why “Mouthless” Medical Schools?
Authors: Reidar F. Sognnaes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

There was a time when the mouth, relatively speaking, was considered a scientific "no-man's land." That was when dental education fell between academic chairs — literally between the eyes, ears, nose and throat. In the United States dentistry was denied the academic status of other segments of higher education until 1867, when Harvard established the first dental school affiliated with a university-based faculty of medicine. Among today's 59 dental schools in this country, 21 private and 38 public, all but a few are affiliated with universities that also have medical schools.Still, there is an additional but incompletely explored medical . . .
Abstract 5192: MYC amplification and overexpression Is associated With metastasis and drug resistance in a mouse model of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
Authors: Marika A. Russo, Antonio Di Cristofano
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most aggressive form of thyroid cancer. Despite a relatively low prevalence, it accounts for a disproportionate number of thyroid cancer-related deaths, due to its resistance to every therapeutic approach. We have generated a mouse model in which simultaneous selective activation of the PI3K pathway and inactivation of p53 in thyroid epithelial cells leads to the development of ATC. These tumors display all the typical features of their human counterpart and metastasize to the lungs in over 25% of cases (20 out of 76). Recent data have indicated that mammary tumors driven by PI3K activation quickly become resistant to PI3K inhibitors through mechanisms that include Myc amplification. We have used our model to test the hypothesis that Myc overexpression and/or amplification might contribute the aggressive features of PI3K-driven ATC. Analysis of 46 primary tumors developed by [Pten,p53]thyr-/− mice using a high-sensitivity real-time PCR approach demonstrates that the Myc locus is amplified (copy number ≥4) in about 25% of cases. Conversely, none of 20 metastatic follicular thyroid carcinomas developed by Ptenthyr-/− mice displayed Myc amplification. More strikingly, Myc is amplified in almost 50% (7/15) of ATCs with distant metastases, suggesting that Myc amplification confers more aggressive features to PI3K-driven anaplastic tumors, even in the absence of drug mediated selective pressure. Furthermore, when injected in syngeneic mice, cell lines established from Myc-amplified tumors grow faster than cell lines derived from tumors without Myc amplification. Myc-amplified cell lines are more resistant than Myc-diploid cells to the PI3K inhibitor BKM120, as well as to paclitaxel and doxorubicin treatment, and this increased resistance can be abrogated by shRNA-mediated Myc downregulation. These data support a model in which Myc cooperates with PI3K activation to induce more aggressive features, including drug resistance and enhanced metastatic behavior, in advanced thyroid carcinomas. Furthermore, these data lay the basis for new studies aimed at increasing therapeutic efficacy by interfering with Myc and Myc-dependent pathways. Citation Format: Marika A. Russo, Antonio Di Cristofano. MYC amplification and overexpression Is associated With metastasis and drug resistance in a mouse model of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5192. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5192
Heterogeneity of Expression of E- and P-Selectins In Vivo
Authors: Michael J. Eppihimer, Barry Wolitzky, Donald C. Anderson, Mark A. Labow, D. Neil Granger
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

A novel technique involving radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies was used to characterize and compare the expression of E- and P-selectin on unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and endotoxin-challenged endothelial cells in various tissues of the mouse. Under unstimulated conditions, E-selectin was absent in all organs, but significant expression of P-selectin was observed in several organs. Histamine induced a rapid time-dependent upregulation of P-selectin, with the largest responses observed in mesentery and lung. Significant fold elevations in P-selectin expression occurred as early as 5 minutes after the histamine injection and remained elevated up to 1 hour. Histamine-induced P-selectin upregulation was inhibited by the H 1 receptor antagonist diphenhydramine, whereas the H 2 receptor antagonist cimetidine had no effect. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) also induced a time-dependent expression of P-selectin that reached a maximum between 4 and 8 hours after endotoxin administration. LPS-induced upregulation of P-selectin was greatest in heart and stomach, which exhibited insignificant constitutive expression of P-selectin. LPS also induced a time-dependent upregulation of E-selectin, with maximal expression occurring 3 to 5 hours after intraperitoneal administration. The lung and small intestine exhibited the largest responses to LPS challenge. Histamine administration did not affect E-selectin expression in any tissue. E- and P-selectin–deficient mice were used to test the specificity of monoclonal antibody binding in unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and LPS-stimulated tissues. Vascular binding of the radiolabeled E-selectin and P-selectin monoclonal antibodies was not observed in the respective deficient mice. These findings suggest that P-selectin is constitutively expressed on vascular endothelium in some tissues of the mouse and that there are significant regional differences in the magnitude and time course of histamine- and endotoxin-induced P-selectin expression. In contrast, E-selectin appears to be absent on unstimulated vascular endothelium but is upregulated within 3 hours after the administration of endotoxin in most tissues.
Learning About Patients: I'll Take Tomorrow
Authors: Robert E. Garrett
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I must take issue with one aspect of Robert Lanza's review<sup>1</sup>of<i>I'll Take Tomorrow</i>, by Mary Gohlke. Dr Lanza believes that this autobiography of the first long-term survivor of a heart-lung transplant "would probably only be of limited interest and value to physicians and other health care professionals." It is, on the contrary, of the utmost importance that all of us engaged in recommending and performing procedures such as this develop some understanding of how our patients perceive them. Our training and experience make it difficult for us to understand what lay people think and feel about almost any aspect of medical care, let alone transplant surgery or life-threatening illness. Books such as<i>I'll Take Tomorrow, or Heart-sounds</i>, by Martha Lear, help us to see our work with new eyes, to feel what our patients may feel. And without some ability on our parts to share
Importance of mitral subvalvular apparatus in terms of cardiac energetics and systolic mechanics in the ejecting canine heart.
Authors: K L Yun, M A Niczyporuk, G E Sarris, J I Fann, D C Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

To assess the importance of the intact mitral subvalvular apparatus for left ventricular (LV) energetics, data from nine open-chest ejecting canine hearts were analyzed using piezoelectric crystals to measure LV volume. After mitral valve replacement with preservation of all chordae tendineae, baseline LV function was assessed during transient caval occlusion: A quadratic fit of the LV end-systolic pressure-volume data was used to determine the curvilinear end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR). All chordae were then divided with exteriorized snares. Reassessment revealed deterioration of global LV pump function: (a) the coefficient of nonlinearity, decreased (less negative) by 90% (P = 0.06); (b) slope of the curvilinear ESPVR at the volume axis intercept, decreased by 75% (P = 0.01); and V100, end-systolic volume at 100 mmHg end-systolic pressure, increased by 42% (P less than 0.02). Similarly, preload recruitable stroke work fell significantly (-14%) and Vw1,000 (end-diastolic volume [EDV] at stroke work [SW] of 1,000 mmHg.ml) rose by 17% (P less than 0.04). With respect to LV energetics, the total mechanical energy generated by the ventricle decreased, as indicated by a decline in the slope of the pressure volume area (PVA)-EDV relationship (120 +/- 13 [mean +/- SD] vs. 105 +/- 13 mmHg, P less than 0.001). Additionally, comparison of LV SW and PVA from single beats with matched EDV showed that the efficiency of converting mechanical energy to external work (SW/PVA) declined by 14% (0.65 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.08, P less than 0.03) after chordal division. While effective systemic arterial elastance, Ea, also fell significantly (P = 0.03) after the chordae were severed, the Ea/Ees ratio (Ees = slope of the linear ESPVR) increased by 124% (0.91 +/- 0.53 vs. 2.04 +/- 0.87, P = 0.001) due to a proportionally greater decline in Ees. This indicates a mismatch in ventriculo-arterial interaction, deviating from that required for maximal external output (viz., Ea/Ees = 1). These adverse effects of chordal division may be related to the observed changes in LV geometry (i.e., eccentricity). We conclude that the intact mitral subvalvular apparatus is important in optimizing LV energetics and ventriculo-vascular coupling in addition to the enhancement of LV systolic performance.
TRANSFER OF ANTIBODY PRODUCTION WITH CELLS FROM BURSA OF FABRICIUS
Authors: D. G. Gilmour, G. A. Theis, G. J. Thorbecke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

F1 hybrid chicks isogenic for the strong B histocompatibility locus and for most weak H-loci were X-irradiated on day 1 after hatching, injected intraperitoneally on day 2 with dispersed cells of bursa, spleen, or thymus from 4- or 10-wk-old F1 hybrid donors, and immediately challenged by the same route with either Brucella abortus, sheep erythrocytes, or a mixture of both together. The agglutinin titers were measured in sera obtained 1 wk later. With 4-wk-old donors, a greater primary response to Brucella abortus was obtained after transfers of cells from bursa than from spleen, while thymus was much less effective. With 10-wk-old donors, the decreasing order of response was spleen, bursa, thymus. Only splenic cells were effective in transferring a response to sheep erythrocytes, at either donor age. In tests of synergism by cell mixtures from pairs of organs, the only positive finding was a modest augmentation of titer against sheep erythrocytes by bursa + spleen as compared with spleen alone. Bursal cells from 6- or 10-wk-old donors were effective in transferring a response to sheep erythrocytes when antigen injection was delayed until 5 days after cell transfer. Splenic cells from hormonally bursectomized donors were ineffective in transferring a primary response, even when the donors had been injected with antigen 1 wk before transfer. Preimmunization of normal donors led to marked increases in the responses to Brucella abortus produced by transferred splenic or thymic cells. With bursal cells, an increased response was obtained only if the interval between preimmunization and transfer was 17 rather than 7 days. With the 17-day interval, both bursal and thymic cells could also transfer a response to sheep erythrocytes. The primary sera to Brucella abortus produced after transfers of bursal or splenic cells contained almost entirely 19S antibodies. A 7S component was found in all the secondary sera tested.