tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phantom vibration syndrome among medical staff: a cross sectional survey
Authors: M. B. Rothberg, A. Arora, J. Hermann, R. Kleppel, P. S. Marie, P. Visintainer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for experiencing "phantom vibrations," the sensory hallucination sometimes experienced by people carrying pagers or cell phones when the device is not vibrating.Cross sectional survey.Academic medical centre.176 medical staff who responded to questionnaire (76% of the 232 people invited). Measurements Electronic survey consisting of 17 questions about demographics, device use, phantom vibrations experienced, and attempts to stop them.Of the 169 participants who answered the question, 115 (68%, 95% confidence interval 61% to 75%) reported having experienced phantom vibrations. Most (68/112) who experienced phantom vibrations did so after carrying the device between 1 month and 1 year, and 13% experienced them daily. Four factors were independently associated with phantom vibrations: occupation (resident v attending physician, prevalence ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 1.97), device location (breast pocket v belt, prevalence ratio 1.66, 1.29 to 2.14), hours carried (per 6 hour increment, prevalence ratio 1.30, 1.07 to 1.58), and more frequent use in vibrate mode (per frequency category, prevalence ratio 1.18, 1.03 to 1.34). Of those who experienced phantom vibrations, 43 (39%, 30% to 48%) were able to stop them. Strategies for stopping phantom vibrations included taking the device off vibrate mode, changing the location of the device, and using a different device (success rates 75% v 63% v 50%, respectively, P=0.217). However, 39% (30% to 49%) of respondents did not attempt any strategies.Phantom vibration syndrome is common among those who use electronic devices.
Fat induced hypertension in rabbits. Effects of dietary fibre on blood pressure and blood lipid concentration
Authors: P G BURSTYN, D R HUSBANDS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

Journal Article Fat induced hypertension in rabbits. Effects of dietary fibre on blood pressure and blood lipid concentration Get access P G BURSTYN, P G BURSTYN * From the School of Biochemical and Physiological Sciences, University of Southampton *Correspondence: PGB. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D R HUSBANDS D R HUSBANDS From the School of Biochemical and Physiological Sciences, University of Southampton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 1980, Pages 185–191, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/14.4.185 Published: 01 April 1980
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature
Authors: W. Scott Richardson, Mark C. Wilson, John W. Williams, Jr, Virginia A. Moyer, C. David Naylor, None for the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Clinicians rely on knowledge about the clinical manifestations of disease to make clinical diagnoses. Before using research on the frequency of clinical features found in patients with a disease, clinicians should appraise the evidence for its validity, results, and applicability. For validity, 4 issues are important-how the diagnoses were verified, how the study sample relates to all patients with the disease, how the clinical findings were sought, and how the clinical findings were characterized. Ideally, investigators will verify the presence of disease in study patients using credible criteria that are independent of the clinical manifestations under study. Also, ideally the study patients will represent the full spectrum of the disease, undergo a thorough and consistent search for clinical findings, and these findings will be well characterized in nature and timing. The main results of these studies are expressed as the number and percentages of patients with each manifestation. Confidence intervals can describe the precision of these frequencies. Most clinical findings occur with only intermediate frequency, and since these frequencies are equivalent to diagnostic sensitivities, this means that the absence of a single finding is rarely powerful enough to exclude the disease. Before acting on the evidence, clinicians should consider whether it applies to their own patients and whether it has been superseded by new developments. Detailed knowledge of the clinical manifestations of disease should increase clinicians' ability to raise diagnostic hypotheses, select differential diagnoses, and verify final diagnoses. JAMA. 2000;284:869-875
Validation of Collateral Fractional Flow Reserve by Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Hitoshi Matsuo, Sachiro Watanabe, Tohru Kadosaki, Takahiko Yamaki, Shinichiro Tanaka, Shuusaku Miyata, Tomonori Segawa, Yukihiko Matsuno, Masaaki Tomita, Hisayoshi Fujiwara
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Collateral fractional flow reserve (FFR coll ) is an index to quantify collateral blood flow, derived from coronary pressure measurements. Although well defined theoretically, its direct validation by myocardial perfusion imaging has not been established so far. Validating this index by myocardial perfusion imaging is the main aim of this study. Methods and Results — Twenty-four consecutive patients with stable angina and single left anterior descending artery stenosis underwent simultaneous measurement of aortic pressure (P a ), coronary wedge pressure (P w ), and central venous pressure (P v ) during balloon inflation. FFR coll was calculated and compared with the extent and severity of the defect during coronary occlusion using 99m Tc-sestamibi imaging at balloon inflation of the respective coronary artery. Although the pressure-derived collateral indexes (P w , P w /P a , and FFR coll ) ranged widely, they were closely correlated with extent and severity scores of the nuclear occlusion images and superior to the ECG for that purpose. Of all parameters, FFR coll correlated best with the severity score at imaging ( r =−0.88), followed by the P w /P a ratio ( r =−0.74) or P w alone ( r =−0.69). Conclusions — FFR coll , calculated from coronary pressure during balloon occlusion, is highly correlated with the extent and severity of the defect at myocardial perfusion of the territory of the occluded artery and can be used for quantitative assessment of collateral blood flow in conscious humans.
Effect of Tetraethylammonium Bromide on Gastric Secretion and Motility
Authors: I. R. MacDonald, A. N. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1949)

The site of action of tetra-alkyl-ammonium compounds is at the ganglionic synapses of the autonomie nervous system, where a blocking effect was first demonstrated by Marshall (1913). T.E.A.B. is a synthetic compound produced by the substitution of four ethyl groups in the ammonium radical of ammonium hydroxide. The chemical relationship of the drug to acetylcholine is : G2H5  CH3 \^ c h! v N?Br CH3 r^ n-oh CaH* > CH3CO OC2hI ^ T.E.A.B. Acetylcholine
Teaching Professionalism to Medical Students
Authors: Bob Cutillo
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary Circulatory Dysfunction in Insulin Resistance, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: John O. Prior, Manuel J. Quiñones, Miguel Hernandez-Pampaloni, Alvaro D. Facta, Thomas H. Schindler, James W. Sayre, Willa A. Hsueh, Heinrich R. Schelbert
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Abnormal coronary endothelial reactivity has been demonstrated in diabetes and is associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular events. Our objectives were to investigate the presence of functional coronary circulatory abnormalities over the full spectrum of insulin resistance and to determine whether these would differ in severity with more advanced states of insulin resistance. Methods and Results— Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured with positron emission tomography and 13 N-ammonia to characterize coronary circulatory function in states of insulin resistance without carbohydrate intolerance (IR), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and normotensive and hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) compared with insulin-sensitive (IS) individuals. Indices of coronary function were total vasodilator capacity (mostly vascular smooth muscle–mediated) during pharmacological vasodilation and the nitric oxide–mediated, endothelium-dependent vasomotion in response to cold pressor testing. Total vasodilator capacity was similar in normoglycemic individuals (IS, IR, and IGT), whereas it was significantly decreased in normotensive (−17%) and hypertensive (−34%) DM patients. Compared with IS, endothelium-dependent coronary vasomotion was significantly diminished in IR (−56%), as well as in IGT and normotensive and hypertensive diabetic patients (−85%, −91%, and −120%, respectively). Conclusions— Progressively worsening functional coronary circulatory abnormalities of nitric oxide–mediated, endothelium-dependent vasomotion occur with increasing severity of insulin-resistance and carbohydrate intolerance. Attenuated total vasodilator capacity accompanies the more clinically evident metabolic abnormalities in diabetes.
Genomic Features That Predict Allelic Imbalance in Humans Suggest Patterns of Constraint on Gene Expression Variation
Authors: J. Tung, O. Fedrigo, R. Haygood, S. Mukherjee, G. A. Wray
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Variation in gene expression is an important contributor to phenotypic diversity within and between species. Although this variation often has a genetic component, identification of the genetic variants driving this relationship remains challenging. In particular, measurements of gene expression usually do not reveal whether the genetic basis for any observed variation lies in cis or in trans to the gene, a distinction that has direct relevance to the physical location of the underlying genetic variant, and which may also impact its evolutionary trajectory. Allelic imbalance measurements identify cis-acting genetic effects by assaying the relative contribution of the two alleles of a cis-regulatory region to gene expression within individuals. Identification of patterns that predict commonly imbalanced genes could therefore serve as a useful tool and also shed light on the evolution of cis-regulatory variation itself. Here, we show that sequence motifs, polymorphism levels, and divergence levels around a gene can be used to predict commonly imbalanced genes in a human data set. Reduction of this feature set to four factors revealed that only one factor significantly differentiated between commonly imbalanced and nonimbalanced genes. We demonstrate that these results are consistent between the original data set and a second published data set in humans obtained using different technical and statistical methods. Finally, we show that variation in the single allelic imbalance-associated factor is partially explained by the density of genes in the region of a target gene (allelic imbalance is less probable for genes in gene-dense regions), and, to a lesser extent, the evenness of expression of the gene across tissues and the magnitude of negative selection on putative regulatory regions of the gene. These results suggest that the genomic distribution of functional cis-regulatory variants in the human genome is nonrandom, perhaps due to local differences in evolutionary constraint.
CESAREAN SECTION ON A TRUE DWARF
Authors: James W. McClaran
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In searching the literature, I have been unable to find an instance in which the mother did not weigh at least 25 pounds (11.3 kg.) more than the one in this case, and all cases reported showed deformity in the mother other than her size. The ratio between the weight of the mother, 52 pounds (23.6 kg.), and that of the baby in the case, 7½2 pounds (3.4 kg.), I think is very unusual. The mother in this case is of symmetrical build and of a high type of mentality, having formerly taught school. Mrs. C., aged 32, white, was admitted to the hospital, April 24, 1924, and operation was performed the same day. The patient was having characteristic labor pains at time of admission. The family history was of no interest except for the fact that she is the only dwarf in the family and no history could be
Virus-transformed pre-B cells show ordered activation but not inactivation of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and transcription.
Authors: M S Schlissel, L M Corcoran, D Baltimore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Virus-transformed pre-B cells undergo ordered immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements during culture. We devised a series of highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction assays for Ig gene rearrangement and unrearranged Ig gene segment transcription to study both the possible relationship between these processes in cultured pre-B cells and the role played by heavy (H) chain (mu) protein in regulating gene rearrangement. Our analysis of pre-B cell cultures representing various stages of maturity revealed that transcription of each germline Ig locus precedes or is coincident with its rearrangement. Cell lines containing one functional rearranged H chain allele, however, continue to transcribe and to rearrange the allelic, unrearranged H chain locus. These cell lines appear to initiate but not terminate rearrangement events and therefore provide information about the requirements for activating rearrangement but not about allelic exclusion mechanisms.
Altered haemorheology in oral-contraceptive users.
Authors: P C Buchan, H N Macdonald
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The haemorheological profile of the menstrual cycle was determined in 12 women who did not take oral contraceptives and compared with that in two groups of women (n = 8 and n = 30) who had been taking oral contraceptives for at last six months. Packed cell volume, platelet count, erythrocyte deformability, plasma fibrinogen concentration, and plasma and whole-blood viscosity varied cyclically throughout the menstrual cycle in the 12 non-users. This variation was abolished by the use of oral contraceptives, and the values of these indices were raised by an amount likely to predispose to thrombosis.
Testicular tumour presenting as gynaecomastia
Authors: Maya Harris, Syed Rizvi, John Hindmarsh, Rob Bryan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The association of gynaecomastia and testicular tumours is well described in the literature. A testicular examination should be routine as part of the assessment of young males presenting with breast enlargement. We describe two cases where gynaecomastia preceded the appearance of testicular swelling by several months.

### Case 1

A 27 year old man was routinely referred to a general surgery department and assessed by a breast surgeon (RB) for bilateral gynaecomastia. On examination, the testes were normal.

Six months later he was referred to the urology department with a history of persistent terminal haematuria. The patient mentioned during the examination that he had discovered a lump in a testicle since his attendance at the breast clinic. He had paid no attention to it and had not complained about it to his general …
Magnetic resonance imaging of targeted catheter-based implantation of myogenic precursor cells into infarcted left ventricular myocardium
Authors: J.érôme Garot, Thierry Unterseeh, Emmanuel Teiger, S.téphane Champagne, B.énédicte Chazaud, Romain Gherardi, Luc Hittinger, Pascal Guéret, Alain Rahmouni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
761. Genotoxicity Free Intranasal Gene Vaccines for Alzheimer's Disease and AIDS with Remarkable Efficacy in Model Animals; Use of a Cytoplasmic RNA Vector, Sendai Virus Vectors
Authors: Makoto Inoue, Hideo Hara, Tetsuro Matano, Yumiko Tokusumi, Yoshikazu Yonemitsu, Natsuko Kurosawa, Takumi Kanaya, Takashi Hironaka, Yoshiyuki Nagai, Takeshi Tabira, Mamoru Hasegawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
The cytoplasmic RNA vector would be promising for use in gene vaccines to large population of patients or infected persons in urgent or in hospitals of various conditions because of its important genotoxicity-free nature. The candidate intranasal gene vaccines have been developed using Sendai virus (SeV) vector for both infectious and neurodegenerative diseases such as AIDS and Alzheimer's disease (AD), respectively. SeV belonging to the Genus Respirovirus, infects and multiplies its genome copy in most mammalian cells. Its replication is strictly in cytoplasm and independent of nuclear functions of host cells. Moreover, SeV does not have a DNA phase during its life cycle, so SeV-based vectors that express high-level of transgene do not need to be concerned about the transformation of cells by integration of vector materials into the host chromosomes. These properties of the vector enable us to propose the new concepts, CYTOPLASMIC GENE THERAPY and CYTOPLASMIC VACCINATION with RNP-based treatment.

For the treatment of AD, the F gene-deleted non-transmissible SeV (SeV/|[Delta]|F) vector carrying amyloid-|[beta]| (A|[beta]|) gene was used. According to the |[ldquo]|Amyloid Cascade Theory|[rdquo]|, the formation of senile plaques through aggregation and deposition of A|[beta]| peptides in the brain is considered as a major cause of the disease. Thus, immune-mediated strategy known as A|[beta]| vaccination has been thought to be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Single intranasal administration of SeV vector carrying A|[beta]| gene (A|[beta]| 1|[ndash]|43) to the 24 to 25-month-old APP transgenic mice induced the expression of the A|[beta]| peptide in the epithelial cells of the nasal mucosa. Serum antibody level was elevated and the amyloid burdens in the brain were decreased to 10|[ndash]|20% of the control mice after eight weeks treatment. Importantly, no lymphocytes infiltration that into the central nervous system was detected.

For the AIDS vaccine, the Gag-expressing SeV/|[Delta]|F vector was used. Macaques vaccinated with DNA-prime/Gag-expressing SeV/|[Delta]|F-boost were challenged intravenously with the pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac239) that induces chronic disease progression. The SeV boost induced Gag-specific CD4+ T cells, and its level in peripheral T lymphocytes was maintained for more than 40 weeks. The vaccine-induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) controlled SIVmac239 replication well. Thus, the mucosal immunotherapy with SeV vector has the great potential of prevention and treatment for both infectious and neurodegenerative diseases and might be a novel, attractive approach in gene vaccines of coming age.
SOME PHYSIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF THE USE OF SEA WATER TO RELIEVE DEHYDRATION
Authors: ROBERT F. BRADISH
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Modern warfare creates a situation whereby frequently small numbers and less frequently large numbers of naval, military or civilian personnel are suddenly cast on the seas to survive as best they can in small life craft. World War I saw submarine warfare initiated on a major scale for the first time. The present war, however, sees submarine activities and mine laying, together with the proved additional deadly instrument of aerial attack, all conducted simultaneously on the seven seas on a scale hitherto unknown. Survival at sea after forced abandonment of a ship in an intact standard lifeboat is contingent on two major factors: (<i>a</i>) timely rescue or (<i>b</i>) the ability to make land. The first factor is self explanatory. The second is controlled by several subfactors (<i>a</i>) ability to combat exposure and exhaustion, (<i>b</i>) the meteorological conditions such as weather, tide, currents and wind, (<i>c</i>) availability of motive power: (1)
Abstract 3337: TGF-β from niche fibroblasts increases the stemness cancer stem cell-like side population cells in gastric cancer
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Masakazu Yashiro, Tamami Morisaki, Naoki Aomatsu, Toshiki Hirakawa, Tatsunari Fukuoka, Junko Matsuoka, Katsunobu Sakurai, Kenjiro Kimura, Hisashi Nagahara, Ryosuke Amano, Eiji Noda, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Nobuya Yamada, Kiyoshi Maeda, Masaichi Ohira, Tetsuro Ishikawa, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are thought to possess tumor initiation and self-renewal and are associated with tumor progression. The niche cells of microenvironment, such as fibroblast might play an important role for the progression of cancer cells. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of cancer-associated fibroblasts on the stemness of CSCs. Material and Methods: A gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-12, and cancer-associated gastric fibroblast, CaF-37, were used. SP cells, known as CSCs rich population, were isolated from OCUM-12 cells by flowcytometry using Hoechest33342, and were named as OCUM-12/SP. The percentage of SP cells was evaluated by flowcytometry, after it was cultured with condition medium from CaF-37 for three days. SP fraction was evaluated by flowcytometry, in the presence or absence of TGF-β receptor inhibitor, FGF receptor inhibitor, and c-Met Receptor inhibitor. In vivo, tumorigenicity of OCUM-12/SP cells were evaluated by subcutaneous inoculation in the presence or abcence of CaF-37. Results: The inoculation of 1.5x105, 5x104, and 1.5x104 OCUM-12/SP cells with 5x105 CaF-37 fibroblasts resulted in tumor formation in all of mice, respectively. However, the inoculation of 1.5x105, 5x104, and 1.5x104 OCUM-12/SP cells alone results in poor tumor formation at 3(60%) of 5 mice, 0(0%) of 5 mice and 0(0%) of 5 mice, respectively. The percentage of SP fraction of OCUM-12/SP was significantly increased in the presence of condition medium from CaF-37. The increase of SP fraction of OCUM-12/SP cells by condition medium from CaF-37 was inhibited by TGF-β receptor inhibitor, but not FGF receptor inhibitor and c-Met inhibitor. Conclusion: TGF-β from the niche, fibroblasts, might sustain the stemness of CSCs and might be associated with the progression of Cancer Cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3337. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3337