tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expertise vs Evidence in Assessment of Breast Biopsies
Authors: Nancy E. Davidson, David L. Rimm
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adult epiglottitis Heightened awareness saves lives
Authors: W H Konarzewski, J H Raphael, A D Hingorani, A T Jones, J Dziersk, D Golding-Wood, J M Leigh, S J Ward, G A Vernham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - M J Stuart and T J Hodgetts draw attention to the fact that epiglottitis is just as life threatening in adults as in children.1 I am aware of two adults who died of epiglottitis in the past seven years. Both presented with severe sore throats but no symptoms of upper airway obstruction until sudden and fatal occlusion of their airways. One had been discharged home and the other was in hospital. Stuart and Hodgetts also point out that cricothyrotomy may be lifesaving. This is illustrated by a third case. A 20 year old man presented with a sore throat and stridor, which worsened rapidly as he was transferred from the casualty department to the intensive therapy unit. Cricothyrotomy was performed urgently with a Mini-Trach (Portex). His symptoms were rapidly relieved, and oxygenation was improved by passing 6 litres of oxygen/minute down the Mini-Trach tube by an 8 gauge suction catheter. Subsequently he underwent uneventful general anaesthesia and a formal tracheostomy. Adult epiglottitis is serious but curable. Hopefully, with increased awareness of its presentation and treatment, it will claim fewer lives. 1. 1.↵1. Stuart MJ, 2. Hodgetts TJ .Adult epiglottitis: prompt diagnosis saves lives.BMJ 1994;308: 329–30. (29 January.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Causative organism may be elusive {#article-title-3} EDITOR, - M J Stuart and T J Hodgetts recommend that antibiotics effective against Haemophilus influenzae should be given to adults with epiglottitis.1 I take issue with this. Although the recommendation is reasonable for the disease in children, which is almost always due to this microorganism, I do not believe that it is sufficient … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DStuart%26rft.auinit1%253DM%2BJ%26rft.volume%253D308%26rft.issue%253D6924%26rft.spage%253D329%26rft.epage%253D330%26rft.atitle%253DLesson%2Bof%2Bthe%2BWeek%253A%2BAdult%2Bepiglottitis%253A%2Bprompt%2Bdiagnosis%2Bsaves%2Blives%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F8124122%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=308/6924/329&atom=%2Fbmj%2F308%2F6930%2F719.atom
Association of the Type and Time of Insemination within the Menstrual Cycle with the Human Sex Ratio at Birth
Authors: Rodrigo Guerrero
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

With use of the shift in the basal body temperature as a reference point, a study of the effects of time and type of insemination was carried out on 1318 conception cycles. The sex ratio was found to change significantly during the menstrual cycle both in natural and in artificial insemination, although the trends were opposite. In natural insemination the proportion of male births diminished from 68 per cent six or more days before, to 44 per cent on the day of the shift. In artificial insemination the proportion increased from 39 per cent three or more days before, to 62 per cent the day of the shift. The results help to explain previous conflicting reports and suggest that environmental differences may have a differential effect on the X-bearing and Y-bearing spermatozoa. (N Engl J Med 291: 1056–1059, 1974)
Clinical medical officers in a child health service.
Authors: I M Price
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Reis (24 February, p 559) draws attention to the gross discrepancy in the remuneration accorded to ophthalmic opticians and ophthalmic medical practitioners under the general ophthalmic service.Very politely he regards this state of affairs as a "great peculiarity."Might I suggest that it is more like a scandal.It is true that ophthalmic medical practitioners have very little industrial muscle but this gross discrepancy must cease.Can nothing be done about it ?
Disparities in Medicine: An Unsettling Lesson
Authors: Rachel A. Winer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

On Being a Doctor1 December 2009Disparities in Medicine: An Unsettling LessonRachel A. WinerRachel A. WinerFrom Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail He was handsome, with dark, defined eyebrows and long black bangs on smooth olive skin. He was clearly in pain, but he refused to cry. By the definition in his biceps and the “cool” swagger of his gait, I guessed he was about 20 years old.He came in clinging to a simple white envelope in his left hand; his right hand was wrapped in a bundle of dirty towels. It was a slow afternoon in the emergency department, so several doctors and nurses were available to ask him basic questions: “¿Qué estaba haciendo cuando ocurrió? ¿Tiene dolor? ¿Cuántos años ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Rachel A. WinerAffiliations: From Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.Corresponding Author: Rachel A. Winer; e-mail, rachel.winer@mssm.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 2009Volume 151, Issue 11 Page: 821-822 Keywords Blood Emergency department Heart rate Hemorrhage Intensive care units Nurses Running Soaps Spine Vertebrae ePublished: 1 December 2009 Issue Published: 1 December 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 9991: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing CXCR4 (MSCCR4) Promote Neovascularization as Revealed by Suicide Gene Approach
Authors: Jialiang Liang, Wei Huang, Tiemin Zhao, Atif Ashraf, Meifeng Xu, Ronald W Millard, Kishore K Wary, Yigang Wang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Our previous studies indicated that MSCCR4 improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). This study was aimed to investigate the specific role of MSCCR4 in neovascularizat...
Combined Effects of Child and Adult Elevated Blood Pressure on Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jonna Juhola, Costan G. Magnussen, Gerald S. Berenson, Alison Venn, Trudy L. Burns, Matthew A. Sabin, Sathanur R. Srinivasan, Stephen R. Daniels, Patricia H. Davis, Wei Chen, Mika Kähönen, Leena Taittonen, Elaine Urbina, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Terence Dwyer, Olli T. Raitakari, Markus Juonala
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Elevated blood pressure (BP) levels in childhood have been associated with subsequent atherosclerosis. However, it is uncertain whether this risk is attenuated in individuals who acquire normal BP by adulthood. The present study examined the effect of child and adult BP levels on carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in adulthood. Methods and Results— The cohort consisted of 4210 participants from 4 prospective studies (mean follow-up, 23 years). Childhood elevated BP was defined according to the tables from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. In adulthood, BP was classified as elevated for individuals with systolic BP ≥120 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg or with self-reported use of antihypertensive medications. Carotid artery IMT was measured in the left common carotid artery. High IMT was defined as an IMT ≥90th percentile according to age-, sex-, race-, and cohort-specific levels. Individuals with persistently elevated BP and individuals with normal childhood BP, but elevated adult BP had increased risk of high carotid artery IMT (relative risk [95% confidence interval]) 1.82[1.47–2.38] and 1.57[1.22–2.02], respectively) in comparison with individuals with normal child and adult BP. In contrast, individuals with elevated BP as children but not as adults did not have significantly increased risk (1.24[0.92–1.67]). In addition, these individuals had a lower risk of increased carotid artery IMT (0.66[0.50–0.88]) in compared with those with persistently elevated BP. The results were consistent when controlling for age, sex, and adiposity and when different BP definitions were applied. Conclusions— Individuals with persistently elevated BP from childhood to adulthood had increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis. This risk was reduced if elevated BP during childhood resolved by adulthood.
Relapsing-Remitting Tumefactive Demyelination
Authors: Eva Brandão, Manuel Melo-Pires, Carlos Veira
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Study of acute localised inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract: the effluent lymph.
Authors: H W Steer
Journal: Gut (1981)

The effect of localised acute inflammation, produced by a small intestinal anastomosis on the effluent lymph of the gastrointestinal tract and on the efferent lymph of the mesenteric lymph glands has been studied in rats. There is a progressive increase in the output of lymph from the gastrointestinal tract in rats with an intact anastomosis, but a decreased output in animals with a disrupted anastomosis causing either generalised peritonitis or a localised para-anastomotic abscess. The total white cell output is increased on the second day after constructing an intact intestinal anastomosis and this increase is principally due to neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocyte response is prolonged, but has returned to normal values at four weeks. Although the output of cells of the mononuclear phagocytic series which are esterase positive is increased it is not statistically significant. An intact anastomosis does not produce any alteration in the lymphocyte output. The neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocyte response to an intestinal anastomosis is decreased by a factor of two and the non-lymphocytic non-specific esterase positive cell response is decreased by a factor of six by the mesenteric lymph glands which may be functioning in a 9filtering9 capacity dealing with agents originating at the anastomosis and noxious to the body,
Life expectancy in Scotland remains lower than in many EU countries
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Although Scotland has seen “considerable” improvement in life expectancy over the past 25 years, Scottish men are expected to live about four years less than those in European countries with the highest life expectancy and women about five years less, new figures show.

Only eastern European countries such as Hungary, Bulgaria, and Slovakia have a lower life expectancy, says the 2009 population report from the Scottish registrar general.

Overall the figures show that life expectancy in Scotland is improving. A man born in …
Likelihood, Parsimony, and Heterogeneous Evolution
Authors: M. Spencer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Evolutionary rates vary among sites and across the phylogenetic tree (heterotachy). A recent analysis suggested that parsimony can be better than standard likelihood at recovering the true tree given heterotachy. The authors recommended that results from parsimony, which they consider to be nonparametric, be reported alongside likelihood results. They also proposed a mixture model, which was inconsistent but better than either parsimony or standard likelihood under heterotachy. We show that their main conclusion is limited to a special case for the type of model they study. Their mixture model was inconsistent because it was incorrectly implemented. A useful nonparametric model should perform well over a wide range of possible evolutionary models, but parsimony does not have this property. Likelihood-based methods are therefore the best way to deal with heterotachy.
Dietary Behaviors Predict Glycemic Control in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sanjeev N. Mehta, Lisa K. Volkening, Barbara J. Anderson, Tonja Nansel, Jill Weissberg-Benchell, Tim Wysocki, Lori M.B. Laffel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To investigate the association between dietary adherence and glycemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes.We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 119 youth aged 9-14 years (mean +/- SD 12.1 +/- 1.6 years) with diabetes duration > or =1 year (5.4 +/- 3.1 years). Dietary adherence was assessed using the Diabetes Self-Management Profile diet domain. Higher score defined greater dietary adherence. Glycemic control was determined by A1C.Dietary adherence score was inversely correlated with A1C (r = -0.36, P < 0.0001). In a multivariate model (R(2) = 0.34, P < 0.0001), dietary adherence (P = 0.004), pump use (P = 0.03), and caregiver education (P = 0.01) were associated with A1C. A1C of youth in the lowest (9.0%) tertile of diet score was higher than A1C of youth in the middle (8.1%, P = 0.004) and upper (8.4%, P = 0.06) tertiles. Dietary adherence uniquely explained 8% of the variance in A1C in the model.Greater dietary adherence was associated with lower A1C among youth with type 1 diabetes.
Indomethacin in vivo increases the sensitivity to Listeria infection in mice. A possible role for macrophage thromboxane A2 synthesis.
Authors: C S Tripp, P Needleman, E R Unanue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

This paper demonstrates that in the presence of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 100% of the mice died when infected with live Listeria, whereas none of the animals died in the absence of the drug. The death of the animals correlated with the numbers of bacteria found extraperitoneally in the spleen and not with the Ia expression of the peritoneal macrophages. Increases in the spleen bacterial numbers between mice treated with either indomethacin or a specific thromboxane synthase inhibitor, OKY1581, and those not receiving either drug, were found as early as 2-4 h after infection. The differences in the initial increased bacterial spleen counts in the presence of indomethacin were reversed by administration of a stable thromboxane A2 analog or another potent vasoconstrictor, phenylephrine. Because thromboxane A2 does not regulate macrophage or T cell functions directly (Tripp, C.S., A. Wyche, E.R. Unanue, and P. Needleman, 1986, J. Immunol., In press; and Ceuppens, J.S., S. Vertessen, H. Deckmyn, and J. Vermylen, 1985, Cell Immunol., 90:458-463), but is probably generated at the site of an infection (Tripp, C.S., K.M. Leahy, and P. Needleman, 1985, J. Clin. Invest., 76:898-901), these data suggest an important role for the vasoconstrictive properties of thromboxane A2 in the regulation of immunity to Listeria infection.
Increased serum proMMP-3 in inflammatory arthritides: a potential indicator of synovial inflammatory monokine activity.
Authors: D J Taylor, N T Cheung, P T Dawes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate if the increased concentrations of stromelysin (MMP-3) found in the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with various arthritides reflect the concentrations in the circulation. METHODS--Using a double antibody ELISA, we have measured proMMP-3 concentrations in sera from these patient groups and in others with a heightened acute phase response (APR) as a result of multiple organ failure. RESULTS--The median serum concentration of proMMP-3 was increased by up to ninefold in the inflammatory arthritides, but not in osteoarthritis or in patients with a heightened APR resulting from a non-chronic inflammatory condition. CONCLUSION--In chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, serum proMMP-3 may prove to be a more specific indicator of monokine activity than currently available serum markers.
Metabolic changes in the psoriatic lesion during therapy
Authors: P. C. M. KERKHOF, ERNA FLEUREN, HELGA RENNES, P.D. MIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Three marker enzymes were measured during treatment of psoriatic plaques with two different therapies. During treatment with clobetasol propionate the epidermal enzymes (acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) returned to normal within 14 days whereas capillary alkaline phosphatase remained at the original level. By contrast, all three marker enzymes reverted to normal at the same tempo during PUVA therapy, reaching the control range after 4-8 weeks.
The Employer as Health Coach
Authors: Susan Okie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A couple of years ago, Jennifer Gardiner and Pamela Matovich, who work in the Information Systems Division at the Minneapolis headquarters of General Mills, were at risk for serious medical problems. The women, both in their 30s and mothers of young children, were obese and had diabetes. Gardiner weighed over 200 lb, smoked heavily, and avoided physical activity. Matovich weighed 230 lb, took insulin several times a day, had had episodes of severe hypoglycemia, and could not lift her babies because of pain from herniated lumbar disks. Both wanted to feel better and to reduce their risk of future illness. . . .
Abstract 3375: Normal viability of Kai1/CD82 deficient mice
Authors: John I. Risinger, Mary Custer, Lionel Feigenbaum, R Mark Simpson, Shelley Hoover, Josh Webster, Gadisetti VR Chandramouli, Lino Tessarollo, J Carl Barrett
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The KAI1 tetraspanin also known as CD82 is a widely expressed cell surface molecule involved in organizing many diverse cellular signaling processes. Importantly KAI1/CD82 was shown to suppress metastasis but not tumorigenicity in animal models of metastasis, establishing KAI1/CD82 as one of a class of metastasis suppressor genes. The function of KAI1/CD82 regarding its role in controlling metastasis is under scrutiny and many questions remain as to its function in regulating this and other cellular processes. In order to further assess the functions of KAI1/CD82 we examined the effect of germline deletion on viability, fertility, lymphocyte composition, blood chemistry and performed a detailed pathologic analysis of tissues in Kai1/CD82 deficient mice and their wild-type and heterozygote littermates. Interestingly mice deficient in KAI1/CD82 showed no obvious genotype associated defects in any of these processes as compared to their wild-type littermates and displayed no genotype associated abnormalities after 12 or 18 months of life. To further explore the lack of noticeable phenotypes in these mice we employed expression profiling of non-immortal MEF cultures to assess the effect of KAI1/CD82 on global gene expression. Gene expression of MEFs indicated distinct sex specific and genotype specific profiles suggesting some genes as compensatory candidates which might explain the lack of appreciable phenotypes in KAI1/CD82 deficient mice. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3375.
Abstract 980: Intratracheal Gene Transfer of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Suppresses Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Fumihiko Kamezaki, Kazuhito Yamashita, Masahiro Okazaki, Tetsuo Adachi, Hiromi Tasaki, Yutaka Otsuji
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The most commonly used model of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the monocrotaline (MCT) model. There is no evidence that extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) plays a role in the MC...
Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction by a Common Bile Duct Inflammatory Polyp in Association with a Gallstone, and Treatment by Endoscopic Sphincterotomy
Authors: H.A. Shepherd, J.M. Laidlow, A.P. Ross, A. Vincenti, R.H. Lane
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

After a two-year history of recurrent abdominal pain, an 84-year-old man presented with acute pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram demonstrated two filling defects approximately 1.0 cm in diameter, in a dilated common bile duct. Endoscopic papillotomy was performed which resulted in a polypoid tumour delivering itself into the wound followed by a free flow of bile. In addition, a single 1.0 cm gallstone was removed from the common bile duct, above the tumour, using a Dormia basket. The patient recovered completely. Histological examination of biopsies of the tumour taken on three subsequent occasions showed it to consist only of inflammatory tissue (an inflammatory polyp) and later, regenerating bile duct mucosa. After six months this tumour had completely regressed.