tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply to Dr. Tucci
Authors: D. Graham
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

I agree that the Mt 21 - 42 device is clever and potentially interesting. It is introduced at the same time that noninvasive diagnostic techniques are becoming increasingly utilized to accomplish similar goals. For example, the combination of a urea breath test or stool antigen test plus serum pepsinogen testing provides a simple approach to the questions regarding whether Helicobacter pylori infection and/or atrophic gastritis is present. Gastric juice analysis, urea breath testing, and the stool antigen test all suffer when the bacterial load is reduced by use of antibiotics, bismuth, or, especially, proton pump inhibitors. The almost universal use of proton pump inhibitors by western dyspeptic patients has had a major negative impact on the diagnostic utility of tests requiring an appreciable bacterial load. This will undoubtedly also reduce the accuracy and utility of the new proposed device. In contrast, histology in these cases will still show atrophy and evidence of chronic gastritis such that a false-positive histology for H. pylori should be recognized. There are many ways to accomplish the same goals. We have a large number of useful techniques to choose from. It is up to the inventors to show that their device is as useful as, or more useful than alternatives in general use.
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in the Nigerian African
Authors: B. S. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1951)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is of increasing concern among breast cancer survivors. However, evidence on ethnic differences in CVD among women with breast cancer is sparse. We assessed ethnic differences in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among patients with breast cancer in the Netherlands. <h3>Methods</h3> A nationwide register-based cohort study comprising all women with a first admission for breast cancer (n=127 714) between 1996 and 2010 in the Netherlands was conducted. Differences in CVD admission, CVD mortality and overall CVD event, which comprised a CVD admission and/or CVD mortality, between the largest ethnic minority groups (Surinamese, Moroccan, Turkish, Antillean and Indonesian) and the Dutch general population (henceforth, Dutch) were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models. <h3>Results</h3> The incidence of cardiovascular outcomes varied by the ethnic group. The incidence of an overall cardiovascular event was significantly higher for women with breast cancer from Suriname (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.29 to 1.64) and Turkey (HR 1.25; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.51), compared with Dutch women with breast cancer. In contrast, Indonesian women with breast cancer had a significantly lower risk (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81 to 0.96) of a cardiovascular event compared with Dutch women with breast cancer. The risk of a cardiovascular event did not differ between Moroccan and Dutch women with breast cancer, whereas for Antillean women the risk was not significantly higher. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that Surinamese and Turkish women with breast cancer are disadvantaged in terms of cardiovascular outcomes compared with Dutch women with breast cancer. More work is needed to unravel the potential factors contributing to these differences.
Preservation of micro-architecture and angiogenic potential in a pulmonary acellular matrix obtained using intermittent intra-tracheal flow of detergent enzymatic treatment
Authors: Panagiotis Maghsoudlou, Fanourios Georgiades, Athanasios Tyraskis, Giorgia Totonelli, Stavros P. Loukogeorgakis, Giuseppe Orlando, Panicos Shangaris, Peggy Lange, Jean-Marie Delalande, Alan J. Burns, Angelo Cenedese, Neil J. Sebire, Mark Turmaine, Brogan N. Guest, John F. Alcorn, Anthony Atala, Martin A. Birchall, Martin J. Elliott, Simon Eaton, Agostino Pierro, Thomas W. Gilbert, Paolo De Coppi
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)

Tissue engineering of autologous lung tissue aims to become a therapeutic alternative to transplantation. Efforts published so far in creating scaffolds have used harsh decellularization techniques that damage the extracellular matrix (ECM), deplete its components and take up to 5 weeks to perform. The aim of this study was to create a lung natural acellular scaffold using a method that will reduce the time of production and better preserve scaffold architecture and ECM components. Decellularization of rat lungs via the intratracheal route removed most of the nuclear material when compared to the other entry points. An intermittent inflation approach that mimics lung respiration yielded an acellular scaffold in a shorter time with an improved preservation of pulmonary micro-architecture. Electron microscopy demonstrated the maintenance of an intact alveolar network, with no evidence of collapse or tearing. Pulsatile dye injection via the vasculature indicated an intact capillary network in the scaffold. Morphometry analysis demonstrated a significant increase in alveolar fractional volume, with alveolar size analysis confirming that alveolar dimensions were maintained. Biomechanical testing of the scaffolds indicated an increase in resistance and elastance when compared to fresh lungs. Staining and quantification for ECM components showed a presence of collagen, elastin, GAG and laminin. The intratracheal intermittent decellularization methodology could be translated to sheep lungs, demonstrating a preservation of ECM components, alveolar and vascular architecture. Decellularization treatment and methodology preserves lung architecture and ECM whilst reducing the production time to 3 h. Cell seeding and in vivo experiments are necessary to proceed towards clinical translation.
Transport of lipids from Golgi to plasma membrane is defective in Tangier disease patients and Abc1-deficient mice
Authors: Evelyn Orsó, Cyril Broccardo, Wolfgang E. Kaminski, Alfred Böttcher, Gerhard Liebisch, Wolfgang Drobnik, Alexandra Götz, Olivier Chambenoit, Wendy Diederich, Thomas Langmann, Thilo Spruss, Marie-Francoise Luciani, Gregor Rothe, Karl J. Lackner, Giovanna Chimini, Gerd Schmitz
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Involvement of furin-like proprotein convertases in the arterial response to injury
Authors: J SLUIJTER, R VERLOOP, W PULSKENS, E VELEMA, J GRIMBERGEN, P QUAX, M GOUMANS, G PASTERKAMP, D DEKLEIJN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Furin-like proprotein convertases (PCs) are proteolytic activators of proproteins, like membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), that are described in the arterial response to injury. However, the involvement of furin-like PCs in the arterial response to injury has not been studied yet. We studied furin, MT1-MMP, MMP levels and TGF-beta signaling after arterial injury. We also investigated the effect of an inhibitor of furin-like PCs, alpha1-antitrypsin Portland (alpha1-PDX), on arterial injury following balloon dilation.NZW rabbit femoral and iliac arteries (N=42) were balloon dilated unilaterally and harvested after 2, 7, 14, 28 or 42 days. Furin mRNA levels were increased after 2 and 7 days. MMP-2 and MT1-MMP levels were increased after day 7 and TGF-beta signaling, by phosphorylating Smad 1/5 and 2/3, was increased at all time points. Inhibition of furin-like PCs, by adenoviral over-expression of alpha1-PDX, blocked proTGF-beta activation and Smad phosphorylation, and reduced MT1-MMP and MMP-2 activation (N=5). In vivo adventitial inhibition of furin-like PCs (N=9) resulted in a reduction of 13.1+/-5.2% in advential and 23.6+/-7.9% in intimal areas (P<0.05), but had no effect on lumen size due to decreased vessel areas.This study demonstrates that furin-like PCs are involved in the arterial response to injury possibly through activation of the TGF-beta-Smad signaling pathway and identifies furin-like PCs as a possible target to inhibit intimal hyperplasia.
Validity of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Paul G. Shekelle, Eduardo Ortiz, Shannon Rhodes, Sally C. Morton, Martin P. Eccles, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Steven H. Woolf
Journal: JAMA (2001)

sources have been expended internationally during the past decade on development and dissemination of clinical guidelines. 1 Many authorities have emphasized that guidelines are not valuable to clinicians unless they are up-todate and present current scientific knowledge. 2Some guidelines specify an arbitrary prescheduled review date.The National Guidelines Clearinghouse will not retain guidelines in their database unless they have been developed, reviewed, or revised within the last 5 years. 3The limitations of an arbitrary date for scheduled review include wasted resources if a full update is undertaken prematurely within a slowly evolving field.Conversely, guidelines in a rapidly evolving field may become outdated before the scheduled review.Some guidelines state that they should be updated when new information becomes available; however, we are unaware of any published attempts to clarify the criteria that de-fine this "new information" or the methods for gathering it.To our knowledge, empirical data about the rate at which clinical practice guidelines become obsolete and practical methods for assessing guidelines for current validity are not available.
Abstract A36: Protein markers of tumor-initiating cells and mitochondrial function in ovarian cancer
Authors: Marike Gabrielson, My Björklund, Joseph Carlson, Maria Shoshan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the 5th leading cause of total cancer death in women. Despite initial responsiveness to treatment, &amp;gt;75% of patients relapse into metastatic and essentially incurable chemoresistant disease. In carcinomas, metastasis is associated with the dedifferentiation process termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is molecularly related to a cancer stem cell phenotype. Cancer stem cells, or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) as they are now called, are increasingly believed to underlie relapse, and are by definition highly chemoresistant and able to give rise to metastases. By repeated cisplatin treatment of the EOC cell line SKOV-3, originating from malignant ascites, we have created a stable subline (SKOV-3-R) expressing TIC markers, and showing EMT, increased motility, sphere formation in stem cell medium. They also show increased mitochondrial content and expression of mitochondrial VDAC, and hexokinase-II (HK-II) known to be upregulated in glycolytic tumor cells [1]. The chemoresistance of SKOV-3-R was found to depend on HK-II [1]. The role of altered mitochondrial functions in tumor progression and in TICs is attracting increased attention. Aim: To examine and correlate expression of TIC markers and mitochondrial markers in clinical samples, and to relate these to EOC subtype and hormone receptor status. Results: SKOV-3-R expresses TIC markers CD117, CD44 and ALDH1. Cells freshly isolated from malignant EOC ascites were analysed for TIC markers CD117, CD44, EpCAM and Nanog, and loss of E-cadherin as a marker of EMT. In an immunohistochemical pilot study on 60 patient samples we now examine expression of CD117, CD44, ALDH1, and VDAC and HK-II. Discussion: The SKOV-3-R results indicate that these cells constitute an in vitro model of TICs and that they have increased mitochondrial content. The analysis of malignant ascites shows potentially high levels of TICs in ascites. Results of immunhistochemical analysis of tumors are pending (August, 2013). 1. Wintzell M, Lofstedt L, Johansson J, Pedersen AB, Fuxe J, Shoshan M: Repeated cisplatin treatment can lead to a multiresistant tumor cell population with stem cell features and sensitivity to 3-bromopyruvate. Cancer Biol Ther 2012, 13(14):1454-1462. Citation Format: Marike Gabrielson, My Björklund, Joseph Carlson, Maria Shoshan. Protein markers of tumor-initiating cells and mitochondrial function in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A36.
Informal complaints procedure in general practice: first year's experience
Authors: P C Pietroni, S De Uray-Ura
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To evaluate the first year9s experience of an informal patient complaints system that encourages extensive patient participation, <b>Design</b>: Audit of an informal complaints procedure. <b>Setting</b>: The Marylebone Health Centre, London. <b>Subjects</b>: 39 complaints received over the audit period. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Types of complaints (administrative, about doctors or medical care or both, staff about patients, mixed, other) and resolution of complaints (how complaints were dealt with and their resolution). <b>Results</b>: 37 of the 39 complaints were resolved within two weeks. Two complaints sent direct to the family health services authority were resolved (with patients9 agreement) by the informal complaints procedure. <b>Conclusions</b>: The informal complaints procedure was more cost effective than the family health services authority system and was comparatively straightforward to implement within the practice without major organisational restructuring. The two way process of the procedure ensured patients received a quick response to complaints and helped morale of health centre staff.
A Case of Multicentric Gastric Carcinoids Without Hypergastrinemia
Authors: T. Moriyama, T. Matsumoto, K. Hizawa, M. Esaki, K. lwai, T. Yao, M. Iida
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

We have encountered an unusual case of gastric carcinoid tumors. Gastroscopic examination of a 71-year-old male patient showed eight smooth protrusions at the greater curvature of the gastric body, some of which had central depressions. Endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated that the largest tumor (2.6 cm in diameter) was located in the submucosal layer. The patient had a normal serum gastrin level and was negative for antiparietal cell antibody. The patient was also found to have a pituitary tumor, an adenomatous goiter, and bilateral Warthin's tumors of the parotid glands. Histological examination of the resected stomach identified 12 discrete carcinoid tumors. There was no evidence of atrophic gastritis or of endocrine cell micronests. No mutations of the MEN1 gene were found on genomic DNA analysis. Despite the multiplicity of carcinoid tumors, we diagnosed type 3 gastric carcinoid in this patient.
A clinical survey on compliance in the treatment of rhinitis using nasal steroids
Authors: C. Y. Loh, S. S. Chao, Y. H. Chan, D. Y. Wang
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: In the treatment of persistent rhinitis, the observed efficacy with intranasal steroids in clinical practice often falls short of that reported in clinical trials. We postulate that this could be due to patient non‐compliance and thus designed this study to evaluate the impact of patient compliance on the efficacy of treatment in patients with persistent rhinitis. Methods: Sixty‐three consecutive adult patients with allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis, treated with intranasal triamcinolone acetonate, were included in the study. Compliance was determined both by direct questioning and by measuring the weight of medication consumed (WMC) after 30 days of therapy. Nasal symptom scores were used to determine treatment efficacy. Results: Forty‐nine patients (77.8%) reported a forgetfulness of using medication for a few times (1–5 times) during the treatment period. Less than 50% compliance was reported by one patient (1.6%) but detected in seven patients (11%) by WMC. There was a significant ( P &lt; 0.001) improvement in mean total symptom score before (7.45 ± 1.99) and after (3.59 ± 2.72) treatment in patients with WMC of at least 50%, but not when WMC was &lt;50% (8.43 ± 1.72 vs 6.29 ± 2.43; P = 0.114). With &gt;50% WMC, the positive predictive values for relief of each symptom were rhinorrhoea: 78%, nasal itch: 70%, nasal obstruction: 67% and sneezing: 65%. Conclusion: Patients compliance has a significant impact on treatment efficacy with intranasal steroids. There is a discrepancy between reported and actual compliance. It is thus important to establish the actual compliance when evaluating patients who fail to respond to therapy.
Antihypertensive Properties of Pargyline Hydrochloride
Authors: J. Marion Bryant
Journal: JAMA (1961)

TAYLOR et al.<sup>1</sup>recently described a new, unusually potent, non-hydrazine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor: pargyline hydrochloride (MO-911). Horwitz and Sjoerdsma,<sup>2</sup>in 9 hospitalized hypertensive subjects, observed marked orthostatic hypotension and a minimum of side-effects with this compound and suggested that extensive clinical trials were warranted. The latter investigators also pointed out that none of the numerous monoamine oxidase inhibitors previously studied had become valuable therapeutic agents for hypertension, either because of low potency or prohibitive toxicity. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the hypotensive changes of pargyline hydrochloride in ambulatory hypertensive outpatients in relation to long-term control of blood pressure values and to compare them with those observed with sulphonamide diuretics. <h3>Pharmacology</h3> Pargyline hydrochloride is a member of a different chemical series from the hydrazide type of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in current clinical use. Chemically, it is N-benzyl-N-methyl-2-propynylamine hydrochloride and is readily soluble but unstable in
Antiangiogenic Therapy: More Promise and, Yet Again, More Questions
Authors: Lee M. Ellis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.07.977 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14517185 Antiangiogenic Therapy: More Promise and, Yet Again, More Questions Lee M. EllisxLee M. EllisSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.07.977 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Release of High-Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) in the Airways of Children with Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Chelsea R. Schlegel, Teodora Ivanciuc, Roberto P. Garofalo, Kimberly H. Palkowetz, Kelly A. Fuller, John P. Kelley, Meera Rani Gupta, Antonella Casola
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Long-term Trial of Disodium Cromoglycate and Isoprenaline in Children with Asthma
Authors: M. Silverman, N. M. Connolly, L. Balfour-Lynn, S. Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A year-long double-blind trial was carried out in 53 asthmatic children with severe perennial symptoms who were not receiving corticosteroids or corticotrophin. The treatment group were given disodium cromoglycate with isoprenaline (Intal Co.) while the placebo group were given lactose with isoprenaline four times daily. The groups were closely matched for clinical, physiological, and immunological features. Evaluation was based on the use of a diary and clinical and physiological investigations, including exercise tests. After one year 71% of the treatment group were still well controlled while 76% of the placebo group had dropped out because of inadequate control of symptoms. There was no rise in the rate of failure towards the end of the trial period and there were no seasonal variations in the failure rate. No important toxic effects were noted. It was impossible to predict the outcome of the trial in any given patient from his clinical, physiological, or immunological status at the beginning. However, the prevention of exercise-induced asthma by premedication with disodium cromoglycate in a laboratory exercise test did correlate well with the satisfactory clinical response to the drug.
Dose-dependent benefit of nitroglycerin on microcirculation of patients with severe heart failure
Authors: Corstiaan A. den Uil, Kadir Caliskan, Wim K. Lagrand, Martin van der Ent, Lucia S. D. Jewbali, Jan P. van Kuijk, Peter E. Spronk, Maarten L. Simoons
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
Hospitalisation rate for asthma in US women sailors doubles
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Rates of hospitalisation for asthma among women in the US navy have doubled over 20 years, research shows. Women in the navy are also three times more likely to be hospitalised for asthma than their male counterparts.

The research, which is reported in the Annals of Epidemiology (available online ahead of publication at www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/aep) and based on more than nine million person years of data, shows that over the two decades from 1980 a total of 3911 patients (2916 …
Reform of Medical Education.
Authors: William G. Eggleston
Journal: JAMA (1890)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have read with great pleasure the presidential address of Dr. E. M. Moore, in which he advocates a Department of Public Health for this country, as well as the very concise letter of Dr. John B. Roberts, in the same issue ofThe Journal, on the Conference of Medical College Delegates. I was particularly interested in Dr. Moore's address, because in an editorial inThe Journalof January 21, 1888, I wrote in favor of a Department of Public Health, and so far as I know such a suggestion had not been made before. I was surprised, however, that Dr. Moore did not refer to the need of such a department of the government for regulating medical education and practice in the United States. Surely it is quite as important, from the standpoint of public welfare, that our medical men should be properly educated, and that
Morphological Predictors of Arterial Remodeling in Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Allen P. Burke, Frank D. Kolodgie, Andrew Farb, Deena Weber, Renu Virmani
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Although arterial remodeling in atherosclerotic arteries affects luminal patency, the role of plaque components has not been systematically studied. Methods and Results — Coronary segments (n=2885) were harvested from the hearts of 36 patients who died of severe coronary artery disease after perfusion fixation. Remodeling was determined by morphometric analysis of 657 sections selected as reference segments and 1318 segments with atheromatous plaques. Atherosclerotic plaques were identified as fibroatheroma, thin-cap fibroatheroma, intraplaque hemorrhage with or without rupture or erosion, or total occlusion. Plaque components consisted of calcification, lipid core, macrophage burden, and fibrosis. There was no correlation between plaque area and lumen size in proximal arteries, unlike middle and distal segments, which demonstrated a significant correlation. Marked expansion of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) occurred in plaque hemorrhages with or without and thin-cap fibroatheroma (vulnerable plaque), whereas in erosions and total occlusions there was shrinkage of the IEL. Macrophage burden, lipid core size, calcium (in fibrous plaque and lipid core), and medial atrophy were all associated with positive remodeling; fibrous areas, however, were negatively associated with remodeling. Conclusions — Inflammation, calcification, and medial thinning are primary determinants of positive remodeling, which appears to be a feature of plaque instability.