tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased HIV testing in men who have sex with men
Authors: F. Burns, G. Hart
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The key to building effective HIV prevention strategies

Health Protection Agency (HPA) data suggest that by the end of 2012 more than 100 000 people will be living with HIV in the United Kingdom.1 Almost a quarter will be unaware of their infection. This figure may be small compared with countries in sub-Saharan Africa, but for a resource rich country it represents a serious failure in HIV prevention.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain the group most at risk of acquiring HIV in the UK, North America, Australasia, and much of western Europe. Annual HIV diagnoses in MSM have doubled over the past decade, with about 3000 new diagnoses in the UK in 2010.1 One in four of these infections will probably have been acquired recently; and in men under 35 years, this figure is one in three. In London, one in 11 MSM is estimated to be HIV positive.1

Although at a population level no single intervention is likely to control HIV, effective prevention strategies should start with HIV testing. A negative test supports individual vigilance to remain uninfected. A positive test result opens up treatment options and enables …
Painful Questions About Fibromyalgia-Reply
Authors: Don L. Goldenberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  Dr Bohr argues that fibromyalgia cannot be distinguished from affective disorders. However, recent investigations demonstrate an overlap of fibromyalgia and affective disorder, but also provide data that fibromyalgia is not simply an affective disorder. The characteristic and uniform locations of the tender points and the pathophysiological (albeit nonspecific) abnormalities demonstrated in the muscle and soft tissue at these tender points indicate a peripheral process. Dolorimeter and manual examination of tender points demonstrates that a tender-point examination can distinguish patients with fibromyalgia from normal controls as well as patients with rheumatoid arthritis and has interobserver as well as intraobserver reliability. Sleep electroencephalograms have described different sleep disorders in patients with fibromyalgia compared with those with affective disorders. 1   Three of the four controlled studies utilizing the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and other psychological tests found no increased prevalence of depression in patients with fibromyalgia compared with controls. 2
Required Early Complement Activation in Contact Sensitivity with Generation of Local C5-dependent Chemotactic Activity, and Late T Cell Interferon γ: A Possible Initiating Role of B Cells
Authors: Ryohei F. Tsuji, Gregory P. Geba, Yi Wang, Keiko Kawamoto, Louis A. Matis, Philip W. Askenase
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Complement (C) is an important component of innate immunity, and was also shown recently to participate in induction of acquired B cell humoral immunity. In this study, we present evidence that C also participates in acquired T cell immunity. We found that C was involved in early events of the efferent elicitation phase of contact sensitivity (CS), and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). Thus, CS and DTH were inhibited by administration of a C-blocker, soluble recombinant C receptor-1 (sCR1), when given 30 min before, but not 3 h after local antigen challenge. Among C components, local C5 were thought crucial to elicitation of CS, since local administration of anti-C5 monoclonal antibodies or locally injected C-depleting cobra venom factor also inhibited CS and DTH. These findings were consistent with our previous finding of the importance of C5 for CS elicitation, using congenitally C5-deficient mice. To dissect the mechanism of C dependence in CS, we demonstrated that locally increased early macrophage chemotactic activity (probably C5a) in evolving CS skin extracts, as well as late elaboration of IFN-γ, were both inhibited by anti-C treatment. In addition, histological analysis showed that leukocyte recruitment into CS ear sites was similarly C-dependent. Furthermore, an initiating role of B cell–derived C-fixing immunoglobulin was suggested by demonstration of impaired CS responses in B cell–deficient mice. In summary, these results suggest that C was activated locally, perhaps via a B cell product, in an important early component of the stepwise events necessary to elicit CS, leading to local production of C5-dependent macrophage chemotactic activity and later IFN-γ, and subsequently leading to cell infiltration, for development of T cell–dependent CS.
A Streptococcus pyogenes derived collagen-like protein as a non-cytotoxic and non-immunogenic cross-linkable biomaterial
Authors: Yong Y. Peng, Ayumi Yoshizumi, Stephen J. Danon, Veronica Glattauer, Olga Prokopenko, Oleg Mirochnitchenko, Zhuoxin Yu, Masayori Inouye, Jerome A. Werkmeister, Barbara Brodsky, John A.M. Ramshaw
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
OTOMYCOSIS: REPORT OF CASE
Authors: Omar C. Amstutz
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Among patients presenting themselves for treatment in southern Florida, particularly during the six weeks following the hurricane of Sept. 17 and 18, 1926, it was reported as not unusual for three or four new cases of otomycosis to be seen every day. In this locality, however, otologists of wide experience covering a number of years were certain that they had never recognized a case. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A woman, aged 23, a schoolteacher, complained that her left ear hurt, felt full and was slightly deaf. A dirty whitish layer was observed covering the drum and part of the adjacent auditory canal. A few drops of 5 per cent phenol in glycerin was placed in the ear and the patient was ordered to return. When the ear was examined two days later a few small black dots were visible, one of which was removed on the point of a paracentesis bistoury.
False Claims Under Medicare
Authors: Paul J. Curran, Thomas J. Cahill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 February 1975False Claims Under MedicarePAUL J. CURRAN, THOMAS J. CAHILLPAUL J. CURRANSearch for more papers by this author, THOMAS J. CAHILLSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-2-287_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Below is an outline of sentence issued today [18 November 1974] with respect to the conviction and sentence of a physician on charges of submitting false claims for services under the Medicare program.Outline of SentenceUNITED STATES V. RICHARD J. KONESPaul J. Curran, United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, announced today that a Pound Ridge physician, Dr. Richard J. Kones, was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment and fined $30 000 on charges of submitting false claims for services that had not been rendered to patients enrolled in the Medicare program.United... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1975Volume 82, Issue 2Page: 287-287KeywordsMedicare Issue Published: 1 February 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Evaluating Other Diseases With Computed Tomographic Screening for Lung Cancer
Authors: Geoffrey Wittig
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Familial and constitutional bleeding disorder due to platelet cyclo‐oxygenase deficiency
Authors: M. H. Horellou, T. Lecompte, C. Lecrubier, F. Fouque, M. Chignard, J. Conard, B. B. Vargaftig, F. Dray, M. Samama
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

Abstract Three family members from two successive generations had a bleeding tendency. Their template bleeding time was prolonged and platelet aggregation induced by ADP and adrenaline showed no second wave; collagen at low to moderate concentrations failed to aggregate and release ATP, whereas higher amounts aggregated and released. Aggregation and release due to thrombin, ristocetin, and synthetic epoxy derivatives (U 44069 and U 46619) were normal. Arachidonate (AA) was inactive, and was not converted either in thromboxane (TX) A 2 activity evaluated on the rabbit aorta strip, nor in TXB 2 evaluated by radioimmunoassay and by radiochromatography. The parallel impairment of TXB 2 and PGE 2 formation by the patient's platelets are compatible with a platelet cyclo‐oxygenase deficiency. This study suggests that transmission is autosomal dominant. and confirms that cyclo‐oxygenase is not needed for aggregation and ATP release by high amounts of collagen.
Colchicine reduced further recurrence after a first recurrence of pericarditis
Authors: Richard G. Bach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Source Citation Imazio M, Brucato A, Cemin R, et al; Colchicine for Recurrent Pericarditis Investigators. Colchicine for Recurrent Pericarditis (CORP). A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:409-14. 21873705
<i>In vivo</i> Functional Analysis of the Counterbalance of Hyperactive Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase p110 Catalytic Oncoproteins by the Tumor Suppressor PTEN
Authors: Amparo Andrés-Pons, Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero, Anabel Gil, Ana Blanco, Ana Vega, María Molina, Rafael Pulido, Víctor J. Cid
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The signaling pathways involving class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) and the phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate phosphatase PTEN regulate cell proliferation and survival. Thus, mutations in the corresponding genes are associated to a wide variety of human tumors. Heterologous expression of hyperactive forms of mammalian p110α and p110β in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to growth arrest, which is counterbalanced by coexpression of mammalian PTEN. Using this in vivo yeast-based system, we have done an extensive functional analysis of germ-line and somatic human PTEN mutations, as well as a directed mutational analysis of discrete PTEN functional domains. A distinctive penetrance of the PTEN rescue phenotype was observed depending on the levels of PTEN expression in yeast and on the combinations of the inactivating PTEN mutations and the activating p110α or p110β mutations analyzed, which may reflect pathologic differences found in tumors with distinct alterations at the p110 and PTEN genes or proteins. We also define the minimum length of the PTEN protein required for stability and function in vivo. In addition, a random mutagenesis screen on PTEN based on this system allowed both the reisolation of known clinically relevant PTEN mutants and the identification of novel PTEN loss-of-function mutations, which were validated in mammalian cells. Our results show that the PI3K/PTEN yeast-based system is a sensitive tool to test in vivo the pathologic properties and the functionality of mutations in the human p110 proto-oncogenes and the PTEN tumor suppressor and provide a framework for comprehensive functional studies of these tumor-related enzymes. [Cancer Res 2007;67(20):9731–9]
Oral Sensitization to Peanut in Balb/c Mice Is Enhanced by Dietary Elimination of Soybean Components - towards a Better Mouse Model for Food Allergy
Authors: Lisa Chang, Hugh A. Sampson, Madhan Masilamani
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)

Food allergy research is hampered by a lack of proper animal models mimicing human food allergic responses. Laboratory mice are generally fed grain-based chow made with large amounts of soybeans. Soybeans are rich in immunomodulatory isoflavones. We tested the role of dietary soy-components in allergic sensitization to peanut in Balb/c mice. Mice (5-10 per group) were fed regular chow or a soy-free diet for two generations. After weaning, mice were either maintained on the same diet or fed a diet containing genistein+daidzein, soy isoflavones, followed by weekly oral-sensitization with crude peanut extract (CPE) plus cholera toxin. Anaphylactic reactions to peanut were scored after peanut oral challenge at week-6 and intra-peritoneal challenge at week-7. Serum peanut-specific antibody levels were measured at week-6. Mice bred on a soy-free diet and sensitized and challenged with peanut showed significantly greater anaphylactic scores and peanut-specific antibodies than mice fed regular chow [mean score: 1.2 vs 0.33, p≤0.01; mean Ab levels (μg/ml): IgE= 8 vs 0.5, p≤0.001; IgG1= 28 vs 21; IgG2= 3.6 vs 1.5, p≤0.01, respectively]. Introduction of dietary isoflavones to mice on a soy-free diet significantly suppressed anaphylactic scores and peanut-specific antibody levels compared to soy-free diet alone [mean score: 0.35 vs 1.2, p≤0.01; mean Ab levels (μg/ml): IgE= 2.8 vs 8, p≤0.01, IgG1= 15 vs 28, p≤0.05 and IgG2= 0.7 vs 3.6, p≤0.001, respectively]. Dietary elimination of soy components enhances peanut sensitization in Balb/c mice. This dietary manipulation may be a valuable tool to mimic human food allergy in murine models.
472 CHANGES IN SERUM MARKERS AND PROCOLLAGEN III N-TERMINAL PEPTIDE AS INDEPENDENT PREDICTORS OF HBEAG LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B DURING ENTECAVIR THERAPY
Authors: S.S. Kim, J.H. Koo, M.H. Lee, S.W. Cho, J.Y. Cheong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The Effect of Zidovudine on Patient Subgroups-Reply
Authors: Margaret A. Fischl
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Hamilton et al state that the data provided in the articles by Lagakos et al<sup>1</sup>and Easterbrook et al<sup>2</sup>"are insufficient because they were unplanned and they either involved too few events for one to be comfortable with the conclusions or dealt with patients at more advanced stages of HIV disease, for whom the benefits of prompt zidovudine treatment have already been demonstrated." The finding in the VA study that zidovudine may be ineffective in blacks and Hispanics was not specified before the data were examined, but rather noticed only after several subgroup analyses of their data. It is well known that results observed in this manner often are spurious,<sup>3</sup>and Hamilton et al correctly caution about overinterpretation of this finding. However, this bias is not applicable to the findings of Lagakos et al and Easterbrook et al because these analyses were motivated by an
Psst, Your Cognitive Slip Is Showing
Authors: Paula Tatarunis
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Convulsions after self poisoning with zimeldine.
Authors: B J Chapman, A T Proudfoot, S Dawling
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Convulsions after self poisoning with zimeldineZimeldine is a new antidepressant that is chemically unrelated to the tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants.Information on its effects in acute overdosage in humans is scanty.We report on two patients in whom zimeldine overdosage caused grand mal convulsions.
Hepatitis C Infection in Children
Authors: Maureen M. Jonas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Recent data indicate that an estimated 2.7 million people in the United States are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).1 Hepatitis C has become the most common reason for liver transplantation and has been called the silent epidemic in numerous articles in the news media. Transfusion-associated HCV infection has become rare since blood-donor screening was initiated in 1990; the risk has decreased from 0.45 percent to 0.001 percent per unit of blood transfused.2 Nonetheless, many people were infected through transfusion, and some were infants or young children at the time of infection. In the United States, testing for HCV . . .
L-type calcium current and contractility in ventricular myocytes from mice overexpressing the cardiac β2-adrenoceptor
Authors: J Heubach
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objectives: The reported increase in basal activity of hearts from transgenic mice (TG4) overexpressing the human β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) was explained by spontaneously active β2-ARs that stimulate the β-adrenergic cascade in the absence of an agonist. In order to examine altered myocardial function on a cellular level, we have investigated L-type calcium current (ICa,L) and cell shortening in ventricular myocytes from TG4 hearts. Myocytes from littermates (LM) and wild type animals (WT) served as controls. Methods: Cardiac β-AR density was measured by [125I]-iodocyanopindolol binding to ventricular membranes. ICa,L was assessed by standard whole-cell voltage clamp technique. Contractility was measured as cell shortening in ventricular myocytes and as force of contraction in electrically stimulated left atria. Results: Overexpression of β2-ARs was confirmed by an almost 400-fold increase in β-AR density. The β1:β2-AR ratio in WT mice was 71:29. Myocytes from TG4 and LM mice were similar in size as judged by membrane capacitance and two dimensional cell area. ICa,L amplitude was significantly lower in TG4 than in LM myocytes (with 2 mM [Ca2+]o −4.82±0.48 vs. −6.56±0.38 pA/pF, respectively). In TG4 myocytes, the ICa,L response to isoproterenol (1 μM) was almost abolished. Cell shortening was not different in physiological [Ca2+]o, but smaller in maximum [Ca2+]o when comparing TG4 to control myocytes. Basal force of contraction in left atria did not differ between TG4 and LM at any age investigated. In TG4 left atria the inotropic response to isoproterenol was also absent, whereas responses to high [Ca2+]o or dibutyryl-cAMP (1 mM) were present but reduced. The rate of spontaneous beating of right atria was elevated in TG4 mice. Conclusions: Since only spontaneous beating rate but neither basal ICa,L amplitude nor basal contractile activity were elevated, our data fail to reveal evidence for spontaneously active, stimulating β2-ARs in left atrium and ventricle. A contractile deficit unrelated to the β-adrenoceptor pathway is evident in TG4 myocytes and left atria.
Tissue Spectroscopy for Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: A. G. Bohorfoush
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Tissue spectroscopy for gastrointestinal diseases has made rapid strides in methodology and technology, with recent studies showing very promising results for the detection of pre-cancers and cancers. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, elastic scattering spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy have all shown favorable results in the diagnosis of malignancies and dysplasia in a number of small studies, both in vitro and in vivo. While technical limitations have been encountered with each of the techniques, significant advances have been made in the last year that may allow a highly sensitive and specific diagnosis to be generated within seconds, allowing directed or guided biopsies or therapy during a single procedure. Large multicenter trials will be necessary to demonstrate the efficacy, usefulness, and efficiency of these new tools.
The Long-Term Unnatural History of Cardiopulmonary Changes Following Closure of Left-to-Right Shunts.
Authors: Richard D. Lueker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Long-Term Unnatural History of Cardiopulmonary Changes Following Closure of Left-to-Right Shunts.Richard D. Lueker, M.D., John H. K. Vogel, M.D. (Associate), S. Gilbert Blount Jr., M.D.Richard D. Lueker, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John H. K. Vogel, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, S. Gilbert Blount Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1158_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDetailed information is lacking correlating the clinical and physiologic status of patients who had previously undergone closure of left-to-right shunts. Thirty-six patients were studied up to 11 years postoperation to determine [1] the incidence of reopened left-to-right shunts, [2] the status of ventricular function, and [3] the incidence of abnormal pulmonary vascular reactivity. Twelve patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were studied an average of 8 years postoperatively. Recanalization of PDAs was noted in 4 patients and was unsuspected in 3. Cardiac output with exercise was abnormal in 1 of 3 patients. Six of 12 subjects had an abnormal increase... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver, Colorado PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1158-1158KeywordsCardiac outputExercisePatent ductus arteriosus Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...