tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Racist Patient
Authors: Sunil K. Sahai
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

LettersAugust 6, 2013The Racist PatientSunil K. Sahai, MDSunil K. Sahai, MDFrom University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-3-201308060-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As an Indian American born in the United States, I can sympathize with Jain's feelings (1). I have witnessed and been involved in similar situations but have never lost my cool in the presence of the patient. Any frustrations were expressed in private among my colleagues and family.I agree that Jain should have apologized for the remark, but the patient should have been aware that his comments were inappropriate and hospital administrators should have followed a protocol for dealing with such situations. I am still at a loss on how to deal with comments about how ...Reference1. Jain SH. The racist patient. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158:632 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.Disclosures: Employment: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Royalties: UpToDate; Payment for development of educational presentations: SHMConsults.com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Racist Patient Sachin H. Jain The Racist Patient David A. Nardone The Racist Patient Michael Nakao The Racist Patient Sachin H. Jain The Racist Patient Christine Laine and Michael A. LaCombe The Racist Patient Mitchel Galishoff Metrics August 6, 2013Volume 159, Issue 3Page: 227KeywordsDrugsEmotionsFearInsulin ePublished: 6 August 2013 Issue Published: August 6, 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Efforts to Limit the Size of Myocardial Infarcts
Authors: ROBERT E. RUDE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Throughout the last decade, multiple interventions have been shown to decrease myocardial ischemic injury and limit infarct size in animal models of acute myocardial infarction. Results of pilot studies have suggested that some of these interventions may also have beneficial effects in humans with evolving myocardial infarction. This review focuses on the rationale for limiting infarct size, efficacy of methods for estimating size of infarcts, and current clinical data on specific intervention therapy. No intervention has yet been proved sufficiently efficacious to warrant its routine clinical use. However, treatment with β-adrenergic blockers, intravenous nitroglycerin, and hyaluronidase has been shown to affect one or more indexes of infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Large, randomized clinical trials of these and other promising interventions are underway and will provide data on whether infarct size can be limited in humans and whether residual cardiac function and patient prognosis can thereby be improved.
Direct-to-Consumer Advertising and Shared Liability for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
Authors: Michelle M. Mello, Meredith Rosenthal, Peter J. Neumann
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Symposium on Human Problems in the Utilization of Fallout Shelters, Held at the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 11 and 12 February 1960
Authors: Walter M. Whitlow
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Section 1 of this book deals with background research in related fields of human isolation which could be applied to fallout shelter living, and section 2 with current research. Specific topics in the first section include submarine habitability; adjustment to polar isolation; internment of war prisoners; behavioral patterns at isolated radar bases; experiences of the English people in bomb shelters during World War II; laboratory tests in sensory deprivation; Sweden's national shelter program; shelter occupancy tests in West Germany; and civil defense preparedness in Russia. The second section tells how to institute a realistic national shelter program in peacetime; how to get people to respond quickly and effectively to an attack warning; and what major guidelines should be followed in planning, designing, and operating shelters. Discussions are presented at the end of each section. From these papers it can be assumed that (1) a new approach to the fallout shelter
Commentary: Life in the real world is more complicated
Authors: A. B Zwi
Journal: BMJ (1995)

These past months have been filled with the wars in former Yugoslavia: the fall of Srebrenica and Zepa to the Bosnian Serbs, the flight of tens of thousands of Bosnian Muslims, the retaking of Krajina by the Croatians and evidence of Croatian atrocities, the flight of Croatian Serbs, wanton violence and war crimes, rape, and ethnic cleansing. The historically hesitant and inconsistent response of the West and the United Nations, enabling the Bosnian Serbs to continue with their genocidal project, has at last been placed at the top of the political agenda. Hopefully the current negotiations will lead to a lasting peace, but doubt somehow lingers.

Gellert's important article1 is timely, relevant, and deserves to be debated widely. It raises many crucial issues which should be recognised, endorsed, and acted on by us all. Below, I focus on a few areas where further debate is merited: the role of data, improving the international response, and assessing vulnerability in order to intervene and prevent violence at an earlier stage. Hopefully, many of the other complex issues raised by Gellert will be addressed by others: through further debate we clarify the way forward.

Gellert hopes for a more humane and rational world: “the introduction of a standardised protocol for decision making in humanitarian intervention, based on quantifiable thresholds which invoke specific international actions, will …
Mobile phones do not raise risk of brain tumours in adults, but harms among highest users need investigating
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A 10 year study into the health effects of mobile phone use has found no increase in the risk of developing brain tumours, but it concludes that further investigations are needed, as the analysis hints at possible elevated risk among heavy users. 

Christopher Wild, director of the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer, which coordinated the Interphone study, said that although the findings were negative, the agency did not “rule out a risk of brain cancer from mobile phone use.”

He added, “Observations at the highest level of cumulative call time and the changing patterns of mobile phone …
Obesity and Risk of Cancer in Postmenopausal Korean Women
Authors: Yun-Mi Song, Joohon Sung, Mina Ha
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To evaluate an association between obesity, measured by body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)), and risk of cancer at individual and all sites in postmenopausal women.A cohort of 170,481 postmenopausal Korean women who were age 40 to 64 years at baseline measurement of BMI was observed prospectively from 1994 to 2003 for cancer incidence. Multivariable adjusted proportional hazard models were used for evaluating the association.Women with a BMI of 30 kg/m(2) or higher had a 23% higher risk of cancer than women with a BMI between 21.0 and 22.9 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41). According to the increase in BMI level, significant positive trends existed in cancers of colon, breast, corpus uteri, and kidney with hazard ratios of 1.05 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08), 1.07 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.10), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.20), and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.15), respectively, for the increase of BMI by 1 kg/m(2). When the analysis was limited to never-smokers, women with a BMI of 25 kg/m(2) or higher showed a significantly increased risk of cancers of the colon, breast, corpus uteri, and kidney and leukemia compared with the normal BMI (18.5 to 22.9 kg/m(2)) group.Although variations exist between the individual cancer sites, obesity was associated with an overall increased risk of cancer in postmenopausal Korean women. To reduce the risk of cancer, active strategies to prevent obesity should be implemented in postmenopausal women.
TH2 Cytokine-enhanced and TGF-β-enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor production by cultured human airway smooth muscle cells is attenuated by IFN-γ and corticosteroids
Authors: Fu-Qiang Wen, Xiangde Liu, Winfred Manda, Yusuke Terasaki, Tetsu Kobayashi, Shinji Abe, Qiuhong Fang, Ronald Ertl, Lidia Manouilova, Stephen I. Rennard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
ANTIBODIES TO INTESTINAL MICROVILLOUS MEMBRANES
Authors: William L. Kopp, Jerry S. Trier, Iain L. Mackenzie, Robert M. Donaldson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Antibodies (AbMVM) were produced in rabbits to microvillous membranes isolated from hamster small bowel. Incubation of frozen sections of hamster small bowel with fluorescein-labeled AbMVM showed specific reaction with brush borders, but not with other intestinal cellular components. Electron microscopy with ferritin-conjugated AbMVM localized the antigens more precisely to the surface mucopolysaccharide coat of the brush borders. AbMVM also reacted with the brush border of colon and of proximal renal tubules of hamsters but not with those of hamster stomach or gall bladder. It also reacted with the brush borders of some rat and human tissues, but not with those of rabbits. In addition, fluorescent-labeled AbMVM combined specifically with cell walls of some yeasts, but not of several bacteria. AbMVM also contained a weak precipitin to a component of hamster serum, which migrated like prealbumin in immunoelectrophoresis.
Health and the New Media: Technologies Transforming Personal and Public Health
Authors: Salil Soman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

If the authors of<i>Health and the New Media</i>had their way, health professionals would be reading this review off their computer monitors during a break from the routine of reviewing patient information and x-ray films online. Finally, the excitement and potential of the computer-and-multimedia juggernaut, which seems to be affecting each of our lives at daunting speed, has been captured just long enough for a glimpse of how it will impact medicine and public health. Ken Kesey's quote in the overview, "You can count how many seeds are in the apple, but not how many apples are in the seed," eloquently captures the enormous task this book seeks to undertake.<i>Health and the New Media</i>boldly attempts to map out the infinite ways that the ever-developing technologies of the information age will reshape the landscape of the health professions. Someone once said "the future is not what it used
Why Not Share the Secrets of Good Health?
Authors: S. Edwards Dismuke
Journal: JAMA (1983)

MOST physicians enjoy good health.<sup>1</sup>In the United States, the age-standardized death rate for white male physicians is 75% of that for all white men.<sup>2</sup>Female physicians have a death rate that is 84% of average. In the past few decades, mortality rates for physicians have declined faster than the rate for the population at large. In England and Wales, physicians had only average mortality rates until 1950. Over the next 20 years, however, their death rates fell steadily when compared with those of the general population.<sup>3</sup> Avoidance of cigarettes is a major factor in physicians' good health. In the United States, only 21% of male physicians smoke, compared with the national average of 39%. Sixty-four percent of physicians who formerly smoked have quit.<sup>4</sup>Studies of British physicians have indicated that the primary factor responsible for their lowered mortality was their success in giving up cigarette
Early Assessment of Myocardial Salvage by Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Hanns B. Hillenbrand, Raymond J. Kim, Michele A. Parker, David S. Fieno, Robert M. Judd
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Myocardial salvage after acute myocardial infarction is defined clinically by early restoration of flow and long-term improvement in contractile function. We hypothesized that contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), performed early after myocardial infarction, indexes myocardial salvage. We studied the relationship between the transmural extent of hyperenhancement by contrast-enhanced MRI, restoration of flow, and recovery of function. Methods and Results —The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in dogs (n=15) for either 45 minutes, 90 minutes, or permanently. Cine and contrast-enhanced MRI were performed 3 days after the procedure; cine MRI was also done 10 and 28 days after the procedure. The transmural extent of hyperenhancement and wall thickening were determined using a 60-segment model. The mean transmural extent of hyperenhancement for the 45-minute occlusion group was 22% of the 90-minute group and 18% of the permanent occlusion group ( P &lt;0.05 for both). The transmural extent of hyperenhancement on day 3 was related to future improvement in both wall thickening score and absolute wall thickening at 10 and 28 days ( P &lt;0.0001 for each). For example, of the 415 segments on day 3 that were dysfunctional and had &lt;25% transmural hyperenhancement, 362 (87%) improved by day 28. Conversely, no segments (0 of 9) with 100% hyperenhancement improved. The transmural extent of hyperenhancement on day 3 was a better predictor of improvement in contractile function than occlusion time ( P &lt;0.0001). Conclusions —A reduction in the transmural extent of hyperenhancement by contrast-enhanced MRI early after myocardial infarction is associated with an early restoration of flow and future improvement in contractile function.
The surgical management of primary invasive breast cancer
Authors: M. P. Moore, D. W. Kinne
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1995)

The treatment of operable primary breast cancer has evolved dramatically in the past few decades. The standard operative procedure has changed from the radical mastectomy to the modified radical mastectomy, and the use of breast-conserving treatment is increasing. This article reviews trends in treatment of early-stage breast cancer, factors associated with increased risk for local recurrence after breast-conserving treatment, and the use of axillary lymph node dissection.
Factor structure differences of indicators for evaluating isometric leg extensors explosive force in female volleyball athletes and different trained female population
Authors: J Ivanović, M Dopsaj, G Nešić
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Adequate leg extensors preparation is highly important especially in volleyball which involve several jumping techniques. Values of developed force in the function of time generated during the isometric (static) muscle contraction, with it's own F-t curve characteristics are the fundamental data on contractile ability. Objective Factor structure differences of indicators for evaluating isometric leg extensors explosive force (RFDLEGEXTISO) regarding different trained female population will be examined in this research. Setting and participants Sample included 50 examinees: top level female volleyball players (Elite N=20), unspecific trained female athletes (Nonspec N=18) and untrained female (Control N=12). Methods In order to assess characteristics of the F-t isometric leg extensors force, tensiometric probe and standardized ‘seating leg extension’ test were used. The measurement range was defined by 11 variables regarding the contractile characteristics of the leg extensors isometric muscle force at the level of 100, 50, 30, 50–100% of maximal force (FmaxLEGEXTISO): rate of force development (RFD) analysed from the aspect of absolute and relative (allometric) values – the indicators of basic (RFDBASICLEGEXTISO, RFDallomLEGEXTISO), specific (RFD50%LEGEXTISO, RFDallomLEGEXTISO50%), special (RFD30%LEGEXTISO, RFDallomLEGEXTISO30%), at 50–100% (RFD50–100%LEGEXTISO) level of RFD, Synergy Index as a criterion of relation between RFDLEGEXTISO and FmaxLEGEXTISO at the basic level of 100% – IndexSNGBASIC, specific level of 50% – IndexSNGSPEC and special level of 30% – IndexSNGSPECIJ. Results Factor analysis set apart two factors in all the observed groups, which have explained 96.491% in Elite, 95.502% in Nonspec, 96.512% in Control of valid variance. The differences in structure and in number of parameters for separated factors were established especially between tested trained and untrained population. They can be explained with differences in muscle tissue and maximal nervous activation of muscles during the specific training, that is, adaptation to specific training. Conclusions The obtained results can possibly be used as an indicator of potential of leg explosiveness and jumping performances in volleyball players selection.
The Relationship of Maternal Age on Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Kay F McFarland, Christine A Case
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

This study was performed to examine the relationship between maternal age and serum glucose levels during pregnancy, and to determine if glucose screening could be eliminated in very young women without significantly compromising the detection rate of gestational diabetes mellitus. All women between the 24th and 28th wk of gestation who were followed in a university-affiliated prenatal clinic had a screening glucose level drawn 1 h after ingesting 50 g glucose. Those who had a 1-h serum glucose of greater than 150 mg/dl subsequently underwent a 3-h glucose tolerance test. There was a progressive increase in screening serum glucose levels and a significantly higher incidence of diabetes with increasing maternal age. Only 4% of women less than 20 yr had a positive screen and 8% of these had gestational diabetes. If screening had not been done in those less than 20 yr, only 5% (2/36) of women with gestational diabetes would not have been detected.
Good science, bad philosophy
Authors: Jeffrey Foss
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Behrendt's &amp; Young's (B&amp;Y's) persuasive scientific theory explains hallucinations, and is supported by a wide variety of psychological evidence, both normal and abnormal – unlike their philosophical thesis, Kantian idealism. I argue that the evidence cited by the authors in support of idealism actually favors realism. Fortunately, their scientific theory is separable from their philosophy, and is methodologically consistent with realism.
Abstract LB-483: p53-dependent release of Alarmin HMGB1 is a central mediator of senescent phenotypes
Authors: Albert R. Davalos, Misako Kawahara, Gautam Malhotra, Christian Beausejour, Francis Rodier, Judith Campisi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cellular senescence irreversibly arrests the proliferation of cells at risk for malignant transformation in part through activities of the transcriptional regulator and tumor suppressor p53. Cells that senesce owing to DNA damage also secrete many biologically active factors, including inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. The High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein is unusual in having two distinct functions. Intracellularly, it binds chromatin and modulates transcription, including stimulating p53 activity. In addition, necrosis or microbial infection causes HMGB1 leakage or active secretion, respectively, whereupon it functions as an extracellular Alarmin to signal tissue damage and promote tissue regeneration, stem cell recruitment and immune activation. We show that HMGB1 is largely nuclear in non-senescent human and mouse fibroblasts and epithelial cells, but is actively exported from the nucleus and secreted by senescent cells. In culture and in vivo, HMGB1 re-localization occurred prior to the appearance of other hallmarks of senescence, and depended on the function of p53, but not the upstream p53 activator ATM. Old mice contained significantly higher levels of HMGB1 in serum compared to young animals. Disruption of HMGB1 stoichiometry, either by overexpression or depletion, induced a p53-dependent senescence growth arrest, but only HMGB1 overexpression, not HMGB1 depletion, promoted IL-6 secretion. Senescence-associated secretion required endogenous and secreted HMGB1 because deletion of endogenous HMGB1 – or addition of an HMGB1 blocking antibody - attenuated IL-6 secretion. Recombinant HMGB1 protein induced IL-6 secretion in cells depleted, but not harboring, endogenous HMGB1. Depletion of endogenous HMGB1 promoted NF-κ B transcriptional activity in cells cultured with recombinant HMGB1. Our findings identify a novel biological setting (senescence), independent of necrosis or microbial infection, in which HMGB1 secretion occurs, and link senescence-dependent HMGB1 redistribution to p53 activity and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-483. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-483