tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heparin-Associated Thrombocytopenia and Immunoglobulin Therapy
Authors: Sucha Nand
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 March 1990Heparin-Associated Thrombocytopenia and Immunoglobulin TherapySucha Nand, MD, Edward Hines Jr.Sucha Nand, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Edward Hines Jr.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-3-112-6-473 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:The report by Frame and associates (1) claims to "report the first case of severe heparin-associated thrombocytopenia complicated by intestinal bleeding and progressive thrombocytopenia that had intestinal bleeding stopped and normal platelet counts restored shortly after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin." The patient, a 62-year-old woman who presented with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli, was subsequently found to have carcinoma of the colon. Her platelets were positive for PLA1antigen. Platelet and fibrinogen levels were low but fibrin split products were elevated. There were no data to rule in or out the diagnoses of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia...References1. FrameMulveyPharesAnderson JKJM. Correction of severe heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with intravenous immunoglobulin. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:946-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KingKelton DJ. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:535-40. LinkGoogle Scholar3. GallusGoodallBeswickChesterman AKWC. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Case report and prospective study. Aust NZ J Med. 1980;10:25-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. FrameMulveyPharesAnderson JKJM. Correction of severe heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with intravenous immunoglobulin. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:946-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SheridanCarterKelton DCJ. A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood. 1986;67:27-30. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KingKelton DJ. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:535-40. LinkGoogle Scholar4. MosleySchatzBrenemanKeyes DIGJ. Long-term anticoagulant therapy: complications and control in a review of 978 cases. JAMA. 1963;186:914-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BellTamasuloAlvingDuffy WPBT. Thrombocytopenia occurring during the administration of heparin. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:155-60. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1990Volume 112, Issue 6Page: 473-474KeywordsAntigensColonDeep vein thrombosisFibrinFibrinogenHemorrhageIntravenous immunoglobulinPlatelets Issue Published: 15 March 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Remarks ON TREATMENT OF SUBACUTE NEPHRITIS BY KIDNEY DECAPSULATION: With an Account of Four Cases of Nephritis in which Decapsulation was Undertaken
Authors: T. Horder
Journal: BMJ (1920)

DURING the decade 1896-1906 a good deal of experimental surgery was undertaken in connexion with certaih, inflam- matory conditions of the kidney which had not formerly been considered-amenable to such methods.Some of these experimental efforts were undertaken in regard to cases of disease wllich proved, eitlher at the time of operation or afterwards, to be nephritis.Such experience led the surgeons concerned to more deliberate attempts in this direction in cases of undoubted nephritis, using that term in its strict medical sense.In this way there arose what came to be known as "the operative treatment of acute and chronic Bright's disease."The treatment was at first associated with the names of Harrison, Edebohls, Israel, and Pousson.To these pioneers were added later the names of Primrose, Guiteras, axd Hauchet, and the record of cases was further supplemented by Boyd, Tyson, Lyman, Harris and Clayton-Greene, and others.The technique, adopted was variable.The earliest method was a simple puncture; later a siimnple ineision was made: both of these methods were used in cases of acute inflammation, either when the kidney was con- sidered to be in a state of tension within its capsule-as,
561. Analytical Characterization of Supercoiled Plasmids
Authors: Anthony P. Green, Irina Tumanova, Joseph Burzynski, Dana Rosencrance, Julie Brunbeck, Jason Scheidel, S. Fernando Ausar, C. Russell Middaugh
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Supercoiled plasmids are an important component of gene-based drugs. A number of methods for their production for clinical applications have been developed, which require very high quality product with low levels of residual contaminants. In addition, plasmid stability is an essential characteristic when assessing the success of plasmid delivery. However, there is no consensus on the optimal methods to characterize plasmid quality, and further, to determine if these methods are predictive of either product stability or biological activity.
Young Physicians' Knowledge of Venereal Disease
Authors: Jerome H. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The National Commission on Venereal Disease was established by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare in early 1971 and held its first meeting in April of that year. One of the aspects of venereal disease control which the Commission believed to need evaluation was education. The concern about education included the adequacy of the physician's knowledge of venereal disease and that of other health professionals and the general public. It is with the physician's knowledge of venereal disease that this report deals. Many of the Commission members stated the belief that the teaching of venereology in medical schools was no longer adequate. An informal inquiry among a number of teaching dermatologists supported this opinion. In order to establish some factual basis for assessing the adequacy of such knowledge among recent medical school graduates, it was decided to test a representative group. An opportunity for such testing existed at the
Japan calls on troops to help relief efforts after devastating earthquake
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Japan has begun a massive relief operation in response to three consecutive emergencies: earthquake, tsunami, and the threat of nuclear radiation from damaged reactors. The full extent of the disaster has yet to be assessed, but the prime minister, Naoto Kan, described it as the worst crisis in his country since the second world war.

The magnitude 9 earthquake, which triggered a devastating tsunami that ravaged the northeast coast of Japan, was one of the strongest since records began (more than a century ago) and the worst in Japanese history. The epicentre was 120 km off the coast, causing a 10 m high wave that surged 0.5 km inland in some areas, destroying everything in its …
Therapeutic Options Against <i>BCR-ABL1</i> T315I-Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Alfonso Quintás-Cardama, Jorge Cortes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Despite the efficacy of imatinib therapy in chronic myelogenous leukemia, the development of resistance continues to challenge the treatment of this disease. Mutations within the kinase domain of BCR-ABL1 constitute the most frequent mechanism of resistance in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with imatinib or the second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors nilotinib and dasatinib. Of particular concern is the substitution of the threonine residue at the highly conserved gatekeeper residue 315 with a bulkier hydrophobic isoleucine amino acid. This mutation causes steric hindrance precluding the access ATP-competitive inhibitors to the ATP-binding pocket. To expedite the identification of strategies to override the resistance imposed by the T315I mutation, several strategies have been pursued, including the exploitation of BCR-ABL1 kinase sites distant from the ATP-binding pocket to cripple the kinase activity of the enzyme and inhibiting signaling pathways downstream from BCR-ABL1. Recent insights gained regarding the structural biology of T315I have led to the development of a variety of compounds against this mutant. We herein summarize the most clinically promising anti-T315I therapies.
A Neuroimaging Perspective on the Use of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in Educational and Legal Systems
Authors: Kim Celone, Chantal Stern
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

"A Neuroimaging Perspective on the Use of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in Educational and Legal Systems." The American Journal of Bioethics, 9(1), pp. 28–29
Proteomics-based discovery of a novel, structurally unique, and developmentally regulated plasminogen receptor, Plg-RKT, a major regulator of cell surface plasminogen activation
Authors: Nicholas M. Andronicos, Emily I. Chen, Nagyung Baik, Hongdong Bai, Caitlin M. Parmer, William B. Kiosses, Mark P. Kamps, John R. Yates, Robert J. Parmer, Lindsey A. Miles
Journal: Blood (2009)
Delayed Epiphyseal Closure Seen on Tc-99m Methylene Disphosphonate Bone Scan in Association With Hypopituitarism
Authors: Dalia Artal, Ronald J. Rosenberg, Edward B. Cronin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Evaluation of scintigraphic uptake at growth plates is a well-established method to assess the osteoblastic activity of skeletally immature patients for possible growth arrest secondary to vascular insult. Underlying endocrine abnormalities are known to be contributory in delayed epiphyseal closure. This is a report of an adult male patient with hypopituitarism whose Tc-99m methylene disphosphonate bone scan demonstrates uniform symmetric activity in all long bone physes. The mechanism of hormonal regulation on bone age maturation shows that the lack of circulating estrogen from hypopituitarism causes an arrest in epiphyseal closure with delayed fusion of the epiphyses.
Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 induces expression of the cellular microRNA hsa-miR-127 and impairing B-cell differentiation in EBV-infected memory B cells. New insights into the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: A Onnis, M Navari, G Antonicelli, F Morettini, S Mannucci, G De Falco, E Vigorito, L Leoncini
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a γ-herpesvirus that infects >90% of the human population. Although EBV persists in its latent form in healthy carriers, the virus is also associated with several human cancers. EBV is strongly associated with Burkitt lymphoma (BL), even though there is still no satisfactory explanation of how EBV participates in BL pathogenesis. However, new insights into the interplay between viruses and microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been proposed. In particular, it has been shown that B-cell differentiation in EBV-positive BL is impaired at the post-transcriptional level by altered expression of hsa-miR-127. Here, we show that the overexpression of hsa-miR-127 is due to the presence of the EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and give evidence of a novel mechanism of direct regulation of the human miRNA by this viral product. Finally, we show that the combinatorial expression of EBNA1 and hsa-miR-127 affects the expression of master B-cell regulators in human memory B cells, confirming the scenario previously observed in EBV-positive BL primary tumors and cell lines. A good understanding of these mechanisms will help to clarify the complex regulatory networks between host and pathogen, and favor the design of more specific treatments for EBV-associated malignancies.
Laparoscopic and Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Andrew C. Novick
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Radical nephrectomy is the gold standard curative operation for patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Since its introduction in 1990, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is being increasingly done at numerous institutions worldwide. In the hands of experienced laparoscopic urological surgeons and with adherence to established principles of open radical nephrectomy, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is now a standard of care for patients with T1–3a N0 M0 RCC. Intermediate-term outcome data indicate equivalent cancer-free survival to open radical nephrectomy in such cases. Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is now an established approach for patients with localized RCC when there is a clinically relevant need to preserve renal function. NSS is also indicated in patients with a single, small, unilateral, localized RCC when the opposite kidney is completely normal. The technical success rate with NSS for RCC is excellent, and long-term patient survival free of cancer is comparable with that obtained after radical nephrectomy. We recently reviewed the results of NSS in 107 patients with localized sporadic RCC treated at the Cleveland Clinic before 1988 who were followed up for a minimum of 10 years. Long-term preservation of renal function was achieved in 93% of patients, and the 10-year cancer specific survival rate was 73%. Although open surgical partial nephrectomy remains the gold standard for nephron-sparing treatment of RCC, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is now available in selected cases. The optimal indications for laparoscopic NSS are in patients with a relatively small and peripheral renal tumor. In such cases, laparoscopic NSS is proving to be an effective, minimally invasive therapeutic approach with respect to renal functional outcome, with additional advantages of reduced postoperative narcotic use, earlier hospital discharge, and a faster convalescence. The laparoscopic approach is associated with longer warm renal ischemia time, more major intraoperative complications, and more postoperative urological complications. Continued efforts are required to develop laparoscopic renal hypothermia techniques and to facilitate intrarenal suturing while minimizing the warm ischemia time.
Changes in Pathogens Causing Early-Onset Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Authors: Barbara J. Stoll, Nellie Hansen, Avroy A. Fanaroff, Linda L. Wright, Waldemar A. Carlo, Richard A. Ehrenkranz, James A. Lemons, Edward F. Donovan, Ann R. Stark, Jon E. Tyson, William Oh, Charles R. Bauer, Sheldon B. Korones, Seetha Shankaran, Abbot R. Laptook, David K. Stevenson, Lu-Ann Papile, W. Kenneth Poole
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

It is uncertain whether the rates and causes of early-onset sepsis (that occurring within 72 hours after birth) among very-low-birth-weight infants have changed in recent years, since antibiotics have begun to be used more widely during labor and delivery.
Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Involvement in Hypotension in Normal and Endotoxemic Rats In Vivo
Authors: Carla Cicala, Aldo Pinto, Mariarosaria Bucci, Raffaella Sorrentino, Brian Walker, Patrick Harriot, Alan Cruchley, Supriya Kapas, Gareth L. Howells, Giuseppe Cirino
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is expressed by vascular endothelial cells and upregulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. PAR-2 is activated by a tethered ligand created after proteolytic cleavage by trypsin or experimentally by a synthetic agonist peptide (PAR-2AP) corresponding to the new amino terminus of the tethered ligand. Methods and Results —Intravenous administration of PAR-2AP (0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg) to rats caused a dose-dependent hypotension. A scrambled peptide was without effect. A specific trypsin inhibitor, biotin–SGKR-chloromethylketone, inhibited trypsin-induced hypotension but not that stimulated by PAR-2AP. In animals treated with LPS 20 hours earlier, we found an increased sensitivity to trypsin and PAR-2AP in the hypotensive response. In particular, PAR-2AP caused hypotension at a low concentration of 30 ng/kg. Moreover, PAR-2 was immunolocalized to endothelial and smooth muscle cells in aorta and jugular vein in LPS-treated rats, and increased levels of PAR-2 mRNA were shown by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis. Conclusions —Our findings suggest that PAR-2 is important in the regulation of blood pressure in vivo. A functional upregulation of PAR-2 by LPS was demonstrated by the activity of concentrations of PAR-2AP that were inactive in normal animals. We conclude that PAR-2 may play an important role in the hypotension associated with endotoxic shock and may represent a new therapeutic target.
Is the Frequency of Ketoacidosis at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes a Child Health Indicator That is Related to Income Inequality?
Authors: Elizaveta Limenis, Rayzel Shulman, Denis Daneman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

A recently published systematic review identifies a number of patient-, family-, physician-, and disease-related factors that account for the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset of disease in children and youth (1). We propose a unifying hypothesis for these factors that the frequency of DKA at disease onset may be related to income inequality.

Income inequality is defined as the difference in average incomes between a nation's highest and lowest income earners (2). Wilkinson and Pickett (2) have provided compelling evidence that income inequality is a major determinant of health and social outcomes in the world's most advanced countries. Health indicators such as infant mortality and low birth weight have been found to be less favorable in nations where income inequality is greater (2). We …
Effect of Acarbose on the 24-Hour Blood Glucose Profile and Pattern of Carbohydrate Absorption
Authors: Rodney H Taylor, David J A Jenkins, Helen M Barker, Hashmein Fielden, David V Goff, J J Misiewicz, Donald A Lee, H Brian Allen, Garry MacDonald, Horst Wallrabe
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

Acarbose (Bay g 5421) is a powerful α-glucoside hydrolase inhibitor of potential value in the treatment of diabetes and hypoglycemic dumping syndrome after gastric surgery. The extent of its use may be limited by symptoms produced by carbohydrate malabsorption. To minimize these, the action of low doses of acarbose on 24-h blood glucose profiles and hydrogen evolution have been studied on four ambulant volunteers on control diets, after exclusion of sucrose and also after addition of guar in an attempt to enhance the therapeutic effect. Replacement of dietary sucrose by starch abolished significant hydrogen evolution in the morning after low doses of acarbose but did not reduce its effectiveness in decreasing the mean three-meal blood glucose area by 41% (P &amp;lt; 0.002). Addition of hydrated guar to this diet reduced the mean three-meal glucose area after acarbose further by 72% (P &amp;lt; 0.001) but increased hydrogen evolution. The results suggest that acarbose will be both effective and acceptable given at low dose when the dietary carbohydrate is starch.
Adverse reactions to tiaprofenic acid mimicking interstitial cystitis
Authors: W J Harrison, R G Willis, D E Neal
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Severe cystitis has been associated with tiaprofenic acid treatment for musculoskeletal pain,*RF 1-3* but this side effect is not well known among urologists, and the potential confusion with interstitial cystitis3 can lead to major surgery being considered or even performed.

Case 1 - A 66 year old woman had been prescribed tiaprofenic acid 300 mg twice a day for three years before referral. Other medication included bendro-fluazide 2.5 mg once a day, clonidine hydrochloride 50 μg twice a day, and Codydramol (dihydrocodeine and paracetamol) as needed. She developed frequency and haematuria. Urine culture showed sterile pyuria, cystoscopy a small inflamed bladder, and biopsy interstitial cystitis. She was admitted for ileal conduit formation, but first it was decided to withdraw tiaprofenic acid. …
Myocardial infarction, androgen and the skin
Authors: M.M. HALIM, GAY MEYRICK, W.D. JEANS, D. MURPHY, J.L. BURTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Various indices of masculinity were compared in 48 men who had recovered from myocardial infarction and in their age-matched controls. We found little evidence to support the idea that myocardial infarction is related to increased androgenic stimulation. The patients with myocardial infarction had no increase in plasma testosterone, muscle thickness, sebum excretion rate, maximal sweat secretion rate, male pattern alopecia or density of terminal body hair, but as a group they had a slight increase in skin and bone thickness compared with the controls.
Estrogen replacement suppresses function of thrombin stimulated platelets by inhibiting Ca2+ influx and raising cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Authors: Y Nakano
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in postmenopausal women reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Beneficial changes in lipid profiles account for only one part, thereby raising the question of other estrogen induced benefit that may be lost at menopause. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on platelet function of postmenopausal women.The effect of 4 weeks ERT (conjugated estrogens 0.625 mg/day) on platelet function was evaluated ex vivo in 18 postmenopausal women (mean age 53 +/- 5 years, after menopause 3.8 +/- 1.9 years).After ERT, (1) plasma concentrations of estrone and estradiol significantly increased (estrone: 16 +/- 7-211+/- 80 pg/ml, estradiol: 14+/- 3-125 +/- 49 pg/ml, P<0.05) and LDL-cholesterol decreased (129 +/- 23-94 +/- 25 mg/dl, P<0.05). Plasma 6-keto-PG F(1) alpha significantly increased (7.2 +/- 3.4-13.3 +/- 6.7 pg/dl, P<0.05). (2) platelet aggregation and positive staining for P-selectin in thrombin- (0.1 and 1.0 U/ml) stimulated platelets were inhibited (Th 0.1 U/ml: 4.0 +/- 0.9-2.4 +/- 1.0/control, P<0.05), but positive staining for GP IIb-IIIa complex did not alter significantly. (3) Ca(2+) influx induced by thrombin decreased (Th 0.3 U/ml: 345 +/- 29-298 +/- 24 nmol/l, P<0.05). The baseline [Ca(2+)](i), the release of Ca(2+) from internal stores induced by thrombin and the size of internal Ca(2+) stores did not alter. (4) platelet c-AMP increased (Th 0.3 U/ml: 66.4 +/- 9.4-82.6 +/- 13.0 fmol/l, P<0.05), but platelet nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)) or c-GMP did not alter significantly.These results suggest that modulation of platelet function by decreasing Ca influx and increased production of c-AMP may account in part for the cardiovascular benefit of ERT.
Tumor interaction with hemostasis: The rationale for the use of platelet inhibitors and anticoagulants in the treatment of cancer
Authors: Hamid Al‐Mondhiry
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract Clinical and experimental observations have firmly established the concept of a two‐way interaction between malignancy and the hemostatic system. On the one hand, certain tumors can activate platelets and the coagulation mechanism in vivo, on the other, a convincing case has been made for the involvement of platelets and fibrin in tumor growth and metastasis. A large number of clinical and experimental studies have been conducted in order to test the efficacy of platelet inhibitors and anticoagulants as adjuvants in the treatment of cancer. Antiplatelet drugs gave variable results, depending on the drug and the tumor system tested. Prostaglandin synthetic pathways by both the host and tumor seem to be an important determinant in the response to platelet function inhibitors. Of the various anticoagulants tested, the coumarin derivatives gave somewhat consistent antitumor effect in certain human and experimental cancer. The antitumor effect of oral anticoagulants does not appear to be a primary drug effect and seems related to their role as vitamin K antagonists. It should be emphasized that although the antitumor potential of antithrombotic agents is a subject of keen interest at the present, their use in treating human cancer is still controversial.