tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1116: Evaluation of mitochondrial DNA G10398A polymorphism in Iranian breast cancer patients
Authors: Massoud Ghaffarpour, Zahra Mostakhdemin Hosseini, Fatemeh Kamali, Forouzandeh Fereidooni, Nasrin Moazami, Massoud Houshmand
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: The role of mtDNA alteration is already recognized as being in carcinogenesis, tumor progression and prognosis in all type of cancers. mtDNA alteration in complex I have been reported in different cancers. An A to G polymorphism at nucleotide position 10398 caused a nonconservative amino acid substitution from threonine to alanine within the NADH dehydrogenase (ND3) subunit of Complex I. The mitochondrial DNA 10398 polymorphism G10398A within ND3 subunit of Complex I has been suggested to alter the mitochondrial subunit of electron transfer chain and has been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. It has been also shown that mtDNA alteration G10398A within ND3 subunit of Complex I in breast cancer patients correlated with increased breast cancer risks in the Indian and African-American populations however, the 10398A allele was not increase breast cancer risk for Caucasian women. Interestingly, G10398A in Chinese population were shown correlated with breast cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was on the association of mtDNA G10398 A polymorphism in Iranian breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Patients and tissue specimens: 27 paired Fresh tumor and adjacent normal samples were obtained from consecutive patients with BC (age range, 33-74years; with median age of 49.16 years) who underwent surgery for a partial and or whole mama mastroctomy between October 2007 and Nov 2009 from IRANIAN National Tumor Bank, National Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complexes, Medical Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. Histopathological examinations were performed by two expert's pathologists. Mutational analysis of mtDNA G10398A in tumor samples: fresh tumors and their adjacent were extracted for genomic DNA using the QIAamp Mini Kit (Qiagen in accordance with the manufactures instructions. We searched for 10398 Polymorphism in within ND3 subunit of Complex I by means of PCR sequencing. Result and conclusion:patient had histopathological grade I, II, and III with 66.6%, 25.9% and 7.4% respectively. The frequency of mtDNA G10398A polymorphism 44.440%(12 of 27).The Iranian women with G10398A variant showed a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (p&amp;lt; 0.05). Derived from these findings, mtDNA G10398A polymorphism may be a potential risk marker of breast cancerk in Iranian population. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1116. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1116
The Diagnosis of Pre-Clinical Tubercle in Suspects and Contacts by Caulfeild's Inhibitive and the T.C.F. Clinical Application:
Authors: WILLIAM E. OGDEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 June 1931The Diagnosis of Pre-Clinical Tubercle in Suspects and Contacts by Caulfeild's Inhibitive and the T.C.F. Clinical Application:Part II. Graphs and X-Rays*WILLIAM E. OGDEN, M.D.WILLIAM E. OGDEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-12-1551 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the "Annals" of October, 1930, Part I11of this paper gave ten points for guidance in the use of serology for diagnosis in tuberculosis, together with certain limitations. I included histories of ten examples of Tb suspects in which, at first examination no positive diagnosis could be made by any of the usual methods of clinical history, p.s. (physical signs), examination of sputum or stereo-X ray films (where obtainable). In each of these, examination of the blood serum indicated the diagnosis for or against tubercle, which diagnosis was later proved correct by positive sputum or X-ray stereograms, etc. None...References11 OGDEN WE: Title same as present paper. Part I, Ann. Int. Med., Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct., 1930, pp. 379-386. AbstractGoogle Scholar12 CAULFEILD A: Personal communication to the author. Google Scholar13 HENRY A: Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Trans. Nat. Tb. Assoc., 1930. Google Scholar14 CAULFEILDRICHARDS AGE: The Systematic Study and Classification of Stereograms of the Chest, Can. Med. Assoc. Jr., 1927, Vol. XVII, pp. 794-797. Google Scholar15 NORWICH AC: Personal communication to the author. Google Scholar16 OGDEN WE: Factors Frequently Overlooked in the Early Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Can. Med. Assoc. Jr., Vol. II, pp. 999-1009, Nov., 1912. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: D.P.H. Chest Clinic Toronto Western Hospital Department of Pensions and National Health Toronto, Canada*These lantern slides were shown before the Academies of Medicine in Toronto and Cleveland, 1929. Final paper before the American College of Physicians, Minneapolis, Minn., February, 1930.#Illness prevented me transferring these to paper for the October issue. They were given at the meeting from lantern slides and memory. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1931Volume 4, Issue 12Page: 1551-1568KeywordsBloodMemorySerologySputum Issue Published: 1 June 1931 PDF DownloadLoading ...
ALK Mutations Confer Differential Oncogenic Activation and Sensitivity to ALK Inhibition Therapy in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Scott C Bresler, Daniel A Weiser, Peter J Huwe, Jin H Park, Kateryna Krytska, Hannah Ryles, Marci Laudenslager, Eric F Rappaport, Andrew C Wood, Patrick W McGrady, Michael D Hogarty, Wendy B London, Ravi Radhakrishnan, Mark A Lemmon, Yaël P Mossé
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Some Evidence for Active Constriction in the Human Pulmonary Vascular Bed
Authors: DALI J. PATEL, RAMON L. LANGE, HANS H. HECHT
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Continuous infusion of norepinephrine in man caused a rise in pulmonary arteriolar resistance as measured by pulmonary artery-pulmonary wedge pressure differences. Since no change in flow occurred during the procedures, the data suggest active constriction of the pulmonary vascular bed under these circumstances.
Polypes gastriques sporadiques: Aspects endoscopiques, histologiques et pronostic: a propos d'une série de 75 cas
Authors: M Salihoun, N Stock, PN d'Halluin, S Manfredi, M Pagenault, JF Bretagne, D Heresbach
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Les polypes gastriques sporadiques sont rares et souvent de diagnostic endoscopique fortuit. Ils sont néoplasiques ou non néoplasiques dont la prise en charge et le pronostic diffèrent. Le but de cette étude est de préciser la fréquence, les caractéristiques des polypes hyperplasiques, adénomateux et fibro-inflammatoire gastriques ainsi que la fréquence des lésions de dysplasie ou de carcinome à leur niveau ou synchrones.
Vascular responses to arachidonic acid in the perfused canine lung.
Authors: T C Wicks, J C Rose, M Johnson, P W Ramwell, P A Kot
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We compared the effects of arachidonic acid (AA), the bisenoic prostaglandin precursor, with those of prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a) and norepinephrine (NE) on pulmonary vascular resistance in the isolated (in situ), perfused canine lung lobe. The isolated lobe was perfused with autologous blood or an artificial perfusate under conditions of constant flow. Lobar artery and venous pressures were constantly monitored after bolus injections of AA, PGF2a, and NE into the inflow cannula. AA (100 mug/kg produced a significant increase in the pressure gradient (93.3 +/- 8.4%, SE) in the lobe. Similarly, PGF2a (1 mug/kg) significantly increased the pressure gradient (41.2 +/- 6.5%), as did NE (1 mug/kg, 41.6 +/- 3.2%). Aspirin (25 mg/kg) completely blocked the pulmonary vascular effect of AA, but did not affect the response to PGF2a, Linoleic acid, a control fatty acid, did not produce pulmonary vasoconstriction. The pressor effect of AA was not blocked by pretreatment with phentolamine, propranolol, cyproheptadine, or atropine. The use of an artificial perfusate free of cellular elements did not prevent the vasoconstrictor action of AA. The times to onset of action of the three agents were similar, and short. These results suggest that AA is converted into vasoactive intermediates or a prostaglandin, and the vasoactive intermediates or the prostaglandin act directly on precapillary pulmonary vascular smooth muscle rather than through platelet, plasma, adrenergic, or cholinergic mechanisms.
Tell me it ain't so: Patient-to-patient transmission of hepatitis C in an endoscopy clinic
Authors: Gregory J. Dore, Paul S. Haber
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

On January 2, 2008, the Nevada State Health Division (NSHD) contacted CDC concerning surveillance reports received by the Southern Nevada Health District (SNHD) regarding two persons recently diagnosed with acute hepatitis C. A third person with acute hepatitis C was reported the following day. This report raised concerns about an outbreak because SNHD typically confirms four or fewer cases of acute hepatitis C per year. Initial inquiries found that all three persons with acute hepatitis C underwent procedures at the same endoscopy clinic (clinic A) within 35-90 days of illness onset. A joint investigation by SNHD, NSHD, and CDC was initiated on January 9, 2008. The epidemiologic and laboratory investigation revealed that hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission likely resulted from reuse of syringes on individual patients and use of single-use medication vials on multiple patients at the clinic. Health officials advised clinic A to stop unsafe injection practices immediately, and approximately 40,000 patients of the clinic were notified about their potential risk for exposure to HCV and other blood-borne pathogens.
FOREIGN BODY IN THE THYROID
Authors: William L. Wolfson
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Notwithstanding the voluminous literature on the thyroid gland, there are but two previously reported instances of a foreign body in thai organ.<sup>1</sup>I here record an additional case <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> L. G., a white woman, aged 58, born in Germany, admitted to the Jewish Hospital of Brooklyn, July 2, 1925, for about thirty-five years had had a goiter, which had been growing larger gradually until it had crowded the trachea over toward the left side. There was no dysphagia or dyspnea. Her physician attempted to reduce the size of the gland by repeated injections of a solution of quinine urea hydrobromide. This treatment was continued two or three times a week for a period of about two years, and the goiter diminished to about one third its original size. However, as the injections were continued, it was noted that an increasing resistance was encountered in penetrating the gland, because of a fibrosis induced by the treatment.
Polycythemia vera. Physical separation of normal and neoplastic committed granulocyte-macrophage progenitors.
Authors: J W Singer, J W Adamson, C Ernst, N Lin, L Steinmann, S Murphy, P J Fialkow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

In previous studies of two patients with polycythemia vera (PV) who were heterozygous at the X-linked locus for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), only A type enzyme was found in nonlymphoid blood cells. However, some erythroid and granulocytic colonies grown in vitro were type B and therefore arose from presumably normal progenitors. One patient had enough type B colonies (8%) that studies of the physical characteristics of normal and PV clonal colony-forming cells could be undertaken. When marrow cells were separated by velocity sedimentation at unit gravity, most PV clonal granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-C) (type A G6PD) sedimented between 6.4 and 7.2 mm/h, whereas most residual normal, type B CFU-C sedimented less than or equal to 5.9 mm/h (P = 0.04)., When blood cells were separated over a discontinuous buoyant density gradient, PV clonal CFU-C equilibrated at densities < 1.065 g/ml, whereas residual normal CFU-C were found greater than or equal to 1.065 g/ml (P < 0.01). PV clonal and residual normal erythroid burst-forming progenitors were not separable by either method. Thus PV clonal CFU-C are larger and less dense cells than are residual normal CFU-C.
Endocrine Function in Hirsute Women
Authors: Anne P. Forbes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Although men are, on the average, taller, more muscular, and hairier than women, the sexes overlap in any one of these features. Thus, many normal women have hair on the abdomen whereas many normal men do not. Physical examination alone does not readily distinguish women in whom an unwanted amount of facial and body hair is a constitutional feature, supported by a normal complement of hormones, from those in whom it signals an endocrine disorder.The bipotentiality of the gonad in some animals and in the human fetus has long been recognized, as has the fact that tumors arising from . . .
Acute respiratory distress syndrome and nosocomial pneumonia
Authors: T. T Bauer, A. Torres
Journal: Thorax (1999)

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and nosocomial pneumonia share aetiological, physiopathological, and diagnostic properties that justify consideration of the relationship between these two diseases. The aetiology of ARDS can be separated into direct and indirect lung injury. In cases with indirect lung injury such as necrotising pancreatitis the cause of the lung injury may not be readily apparent, whereas in direct lung injury due to aspiration of gastric contents or pneumonia the role of infection is more clear. Sloane and co-workers, in a series of 153 patients, reported pneumonia as the underlying aetiology in 31% of all patients who developed ARDS.1 Furthermore, most patients with ARDS require mechanical ventilation which increases the risk of nosocomial pneumonia.2-4 This report reviews recent studies on the prevalence, incidence, and impact of nosocomial pneumonia on outcome in patients with ARDS.

Data on the prevalence of nosocomial pneumonia causing ARDS are not readily available. Although post mortem studies have shown that nosocomial pneumonia can be diagnosed by lower respiratory tract sampling in combination with quantitative bacterial cultures—for example, endotracheal aspirates or protected specimen brush—the lack of a true gold standard decreases the validity of the interpretation in vivo.5 In addition, to obtain reliable data on the prevalence of nosocomial pneumonia the microbiological and clinical data must be obtained within 24 hours of the onset of ARDS.

From 1995 to 1998 a total of 50 cases of ARDS were investigated with all required measurements at the University Hospital of Barcelona and the prevalence of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with ARDS was estimated to be 8% (four of 50). This figure included the coexistence of three conditions: (1) evolutionary and clinical criteria of ARDS,6 7 (2) clinical criteria of pneumonia,8 and (3) microbiological criteria of pneumonia.9 It is noteworthy that …
Long term effect of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on the blood pressure of offspring: follow up of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: J. M Belizan, J. Villar, E. Bergel, A. del Pino, S. Di Fulvio, S. V Galliano, C. Kattan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To explore the long term effect of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on the offspring9s blood pressure during childhood. <b>Design:</b> Follow up of a population enrolled in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> Perinatal research unit, World Health Organisation9s collaborative research centre. <b>Subjects:</b> 591 children at a mean age of 7 years whose mothers were randomly assigned during pregnancy to receive 2 g/day of elemental calcium (n=298) or placebo (n=293). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Mean blood pressure and rate of high blood pressure of children. <b>Results:</b> Overall, systolic blood pressure was lower in the calcium group (mean difference -1.4 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval -3.2 to 0.5) than in the placebo group. The effect was found predominantly among children whose body mass index at assessment was above the median for this population (mean difference in systolic blood pressure -5.8 mm Hg (-9.8 mm Hg to -1.7 mm Hg) for children with an index &gt;17.5 and -3.2 mm Hg (-6.3 mm Hg to -0.1 mm Hg) for those with an index of &gt;15.7 to 17.5). The risk of high systolic blood pressure was also lower in the calcium group than in the placebo group (relative risk 0.59; 0.39 to 0.90) and particularly among children in the highest fourth of body mass index (0.43; 0.26 to 0.71). <b>Conclusion:</b> Calcium supplementation during pregnancy is associated with lower systolic blood pressure in the offspring, particularly among overweight children. <h3>Key messages</h3> Impaired fetal and maternal nutrition seem to be associated with childhood blood pressure, but most of the evidence comes from uncontrolled studies Systolic blood pressure of children aged between 5 and 9 years was lower when mothers took calcium rather than placebo during pregnancy The effect is found predominantly among children with a body mass index above the median for this population Fetal life seems to be a period for programming blood pressure; the magnitude of the effect observed has health implications among overweight children
Workshop report from the National Institutes of Health Taskforce on the Research Needs of Eosinophil-Associated Diseases (TREAD)
Authors: Bruce S. Bochner, Wendy Book, William W. Busse, Joseph Butterfield, Glenn T. Furuta, Gerald J. Gleich, Amy D. Klion, James J. Lee, Kristin M. Leiferman, Michael Minnicozzi, Redwan Moqbel, Marc E. Rothenberg, Lawrence B. Schwartz, Hans-Uwe Simon, Michael E. Wechsler, Peter F. Weller
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Hematologic β-Tubulin VI Isoform Exhibits Genetic Variability That Influences Paclitaxel Toxicity
Authors: Luis J. Leandro-García, Susanna Leskelä, Lucía Inglada-Pérez, Iñigo Landa, Aguirre A. de Cubas, Agnieszka Maliszewska, Iñaki Comino-Méndez, Rocío Letón, Álvaro Gómez-Graña, Raúl Torres, Juan Carlos Ramírez, Sara Álvarez, José Rivera, Constantino Martínez, María Luisa Lozano, Alberto Cascón, Mercedes Robledo, Cristina Rodríguez-Antona
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Cellular microtubules composed of α-β-tubulin heterodimers that are essential for cell shape, division, and intracellular transport are valid targets for anticancer therapy. However, not all the conserved but differentially expressed members of the β-tubulin gene superfamily have been investigated for their role in these settings. In this study, we examined roles for the hematologic isoform β-tubulin VI and functional genetic variants in the gene. β-tubulin VI was highly expressed in blood cells with a substantial interindividual variability (seven-fold variation in mRNA). We characterized DNA missense variations leading to Q43P, T274M, and R307H, and a rare nonsense variant, Y55X. Because variations in the hematologic target of microtubule-binding drugs might alter their myelosuppressive action, we tested their effect in cell lines stably expressing the different β-tubulin VI full-length variants, finding that the T274M change significantly decreased sensitivity to paclitaxel-induced tubulin polymerization. Furthermore, patients treated with paclitaxel and carrying β-tubulin VI T274M exhibited a significantly lower thrombocytopenia than wild-type homozygous patients (P = 0.031). Together, our findings define β-tubulin VI as a hematologic isotype with significant genetic variation in humans that may affect the myelosuppresive action of microtubule-binding drugs. A polymorphism found in a tubulin isoform expressed only in hemapoietic cells may contribute to the patient variation in myelosuppression that occurs after treatment with microtubule-binding drugs.
PROCEDURES USED AT STATEVILLE PENITENTIARY FOR THE TESTING OF POTENTIAL ANTIMALARIAL AGENTS 1
Authors: Alf S. Alving, Branch Craige, Theodore N. Pullman, C. Merrill Whorton, Ralph Jones, Lillian Eichelberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

Unit, Department of Medicine, the former group bred Anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes, supervised their infection and the inoculation of volunteers, and deter- mined the intensity of infection in the salivary glands of the mosquitoes.The latter group assumed the responsibility for clinical care of patients studied by both groups.The authors express their thanks to the Malaria Study Section of the National Institute of Health for editorial
Doctors must not be lapdogs to drug firms
Authors: Adriane Fugh-Berman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Last month I gave a talk at Presbyterian Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico, about the influence of the drug industry on continuing medical education. As usual, pharmaceutical companies contributed funds to the conference, and there was a small exhibition area with the usual monopoly of drug firms. 

Immediately after my talk, one pharmaceutical company representative announced to a conference organiser that her company would no longer support the annual conference. Another packed up his exhibit and walked out. Other drug representatives were observed muttering angrily into their cell phones, which may, or may not, have been related to the near total exhibitor boycott the next day. Only one exhibitor showed up, prompting a physician friend of mine to remark, “Maybe he missed your talk.” 

I had been so thrilled to receive my first United States invitation (outside of my university) to speak about how pharmaceutical companies manipulate prescribing. OK, to be entirely accurate, I was invited to speak about herb-drug interactions. But my “buy …
Mesenchymal cells regulate the response of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to asparaginase
Authors: Shotaro Iwamoto, Keichiro Mihara, James R. Downing, Ching-Hon Pui, Dario Campana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Because of their low asparagine synthetase (ASNS) expression and asparagine biosynthesis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells are exquisitely sensitive to asparagine depletion. Consequently, asparaginase is a major component of ALL therapy, but the mechanisms regulating the susceptibility of leukemic cells to this agent are unclear. In 288 children with ALL, cellular ASNS expression was more likely to be high in T-lineage ALL and low in B-lineage ALL with TEL-AML1 or hyperdiploidy. However, ASNS expression levels in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (MSCs), which form the microenvironment where leukemic cells grow, were on average 20 times higher than those in ALL cells. MSCs protected ALL cells from asparaginase cytotoxicity in coculture experiments. This protective effect correlated with levels of ASNS expression: downregulation by RNA interference decreased the capacity of MSCs to protect ALL cells from asparaginase, whereas enforced ASNS expression conferred enhanced protection. Asparagine secretion by MSCs was directly related to their ASNS expression levels, suggesting a mechanism - increased concentrations of asparagine in the leukemic cell microenvironment - for the protective effects we observed. These results provide what we believe to be a new basis for understanding asparaginase resistance in ALL and indicate that MSC niches in the bone marrow can form a safe haven for leukemic cells.