tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peregrine and saker falcon genome sequences provide insights into evolution of a predatory lifestyle
Authors: Xiangjiang Zhan, Shengkai Pan, Junyi Wang, Andrew Dixon, Jing He, Margit G Muller, Peixiang Ni, Li Hu, Yuan Liu, Haolong Hou, Yuanping Chen, Jinquan Xia, Qiong Luo, Pengwei Xu, Ying Chen, Shengguang Liao, Changchang Cao, Shukun Gao, Zhaobao Wang, Zhen Yue, Guoqing Li, Ye Yin, Nick C Fox, Jun Wang, Michael W Bruford
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)

Michael Bruford and colleagues report whole-genome sequencing of the peregrine (Falco peregrinus) and saker falcon (Falco cherrug). Their comparative analysis with five avian species provides insight into falcon evolution and adaptation to a predatory lifestyle. As top predators, falcons possess unique morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations that allow them to be successful hunters: for example, the peregrine is renowned as the world's fastest animal. To examine the evolutionary basis of predatory adaptations, we sequenced the genomes of both the peregrine (Falco peregrinus) and saker falcon (Falco cherrug), and we present parallel, genome-wide evidence for evolutionary innovation and selection for a predatory lifestyle. The genomes, assembled using Illumina deep sequencing with greater than 100-fold coverage, are both approximately 1.2 Gb in length, with transcriptome-assisted prediction of approximately 16,200 genes for both species. Analysis of 8,424 orthologs in both falcons, chicken, zebra finch and turkey identified consistent evidence for genome-wide rapid evolution in these raptors. SNP-based inference showed contrasting recent demographic trajectories for the two falcons, and gene-based analysis highlighted falcon-specific evolutionary novelties for beak development and olfaction and specifically for homeostasis-related genes in the arid environment–adapted saker.
A World No Less Sublime
Authors: Steve Blevins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

On Being a Patient5 August 2008A World No Less SublimeSteve Blevins, MDSteve Blevins, MDFrom University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-3-200808050-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail December is a good month to attend on the wards. Patients arrive with their respiratory ailments, and students discover unfamiliar lung sounds. In 13 years of teaching at the University of Oklahoma, I never complained about a December assignment, but this December was testing my resolve.Winter was raging throughout the Great Plains, and Oklahoma was reeling from the icy assault. Roads were empty, trees were broken, and neighborhoods, severed from power, were dark. At OU Medical Center, however, lights were aglow, bringing the sick to refuge from the seemingly Siberian cold. The city hibernated, but life in our medical ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104.Corresponding Author: Steve Blevins, MD, University of Oklahoma, 825 Northeast 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 August 2008Volume 149, Issue 3Page: 211-212KeywordsAssaultLungsMovement disordersNursesParkinson diseasePharynxRunningSports and exercise medicineStormsVision ePublished: 5 August 2008 Issue Published: 5 August 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Unusual Case of Colonic Sub-Obstruction by Giant Pseudopolyposis in Crohn's Colitis
Authors: G. Di Febo, G. Gizzi, I.P. Cappello
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

Giant pseudopolyposis of the colon is a very rare local complication of ulcerative and Crohn's colitis. 10 cases have been reported in the literature available to us. All the patients were surgically treated for clinical symptoms of obstruction or radiological stimulation of carcinoma. In this paper we present a peculiar case diagnosed by colonoscopy and biopsy which regressed after eight months of medical treatment.
THE TREATMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER AND OTHER VASOMOTOR ATAXIAS WITH PREPARATIONS OF THE THYMUS GLAND AND OF THE ADRENALS.
Authors: SOLOMON SOLIS-COHEN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

I desire to make a brief report of a number of cases of exophthalmic goiter, and of conditions more or less closely resembling exophthalmic goiter, treated by means of extract of the thymus gland and of the suprarenal capsule. It is not my purpose in this paper to discuss at length the vexed questions of the etiology and pathology of Graves' disease, and of those conditions to which I have in a previous paper given the name of vasomotor ataxia. Nevertheless, some slight allusion to these subjects is necessary to make myself fully understood. I hold that there are almost innumerable varieties of disturbances of the cardio-vascular balance, ranging from the merest departure from the normal, to the most pronounced case of Graves' disease on the one hand, and of Raynaud's disease upon the other. The principal clinical phenomena of these conditions are disturbances of the heart's action, and central
R-Ras is required for murine dendritic cell maturation and CD4+ T-cell priming
Authors: Gobind Singh, Daigo Hashimoto, Xiaocai Yan, Julie Helft, Patricia J.-Y. Park, Ge Ma, Rui F. Qiao, Colin R. Kennedy, Shu-Hsia Chen, Miriam Merad, Andrew M. Chan
Journal: Blood (2011)
IFN-gamma promotes fibroblast-like synoviocytes motility
Authors: T Karonitsch, K Dalwigk, R Byrne, B Niedereiter, E Cetin, A Wanivenhaus, C Scheinecker, J S Smolen, H P Kiener
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory joint disease. In RA, a systemic autoimmune response translates into an inflammatory attack on the synovium that yields the formation of an aggressive cell mass called pannus which attaches to, encroaches over and destroys the articular cartilage. Cartilage destruction is mediated by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) which are the prevailing cell type of the …
Glucose Sensor Characteristics for Miniaturized Portable Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery: A Step Toward Implantation
Authors: Bruce J Oberhardt, Eric J Fogt, Anton H Clemens
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

An implantable glucose sensor must be free of baseline and sensitivity drift. To our knowledge, a drift-free glucose sensor with fast response time is not currently available. We are therefore proposing a miniature extracorporeal glucose sensor with access to the vascular system as a practical step toward implantation. This sensor could use existing technology to form the basis of a patient-wearable closed-loop system.
"Race" and Health in Contemporary Britain
Authors: N Mays
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed Waqar I U Ahmad Open University Press, £12.99, pp 247 ISBN 0-335-15697-5

The social science analysis of “race” and health in Britain over the past 15 years or so has been marked by a high level of mutual denigration as successive researchers have vied with their predecessors to show that their work does full justice to the political reality of the lives of minority groups in contemporary society in ways which the work of others failed to do. Ahmad's collection of commissioned pieces is no exception.

The editor sets out the aim of the book in the first chapter as providing a critical introduction to the study of health, illness, and health care provision in the lives of Britain's black population. Ahmad sums up what he means by “critical” in this context by arguing that research and practice must focus on racism rather than simply on race, ethnicity, or minority status and must take full account of …
Interleukin-10 Receptor Signaling in Innate Immune Cells Regulates Mucosal Immune Tolerance and Anti-Inflammatory Macrophage Function
Authors: Dror S. Shouval, Amlan Biswas, Jeremy A. Goettel, Katelyn McCann, Evan Conaway, Naresh S. Redhu, Ivan D. Mascanfroni, Ziad Al Adham, Sydney Lavoie, Mouna Ibourk, Deanna D. Nguyen, Janneke N. Samsom, Johanna C. Escher, Raz Somech, Batia Weiss, Rita Beier, Laurie S. Conklin, Christen L. Ebens, Fernanda G.M.S. Santos, Alexandre R. Ferreira, Mary Sherlock, Atul K. Bhan, Werner Müller, J. Rodrigo Mora, Francisco J. Quintana, Christoph Klein, Aleixo M. Muise, Bruce H. Horwitz, Scott B. Snapper
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Studies of the Effects of Administration of ACTH and Adrenal Corticosteroids on Erythrophagocytosis*
Authors: Robert M. Greendyke, Edwin M. Bradley, Scott N. Swisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

Phagocytosis of effete erythrocytes or red cell fragments by reticuloendothelial cells appears to play some role in normal red cell destruction, although the details of the process are poorly understood. The marked increase in erythrophagocytosis occurring in several types of hemolytic anemia, especially in acquired hemolytic disease and in some examples of transfusion reactions and erythroblastosis fetalis, indicates the possible importance of this process as a mechanism of red cell destruction. The rapid, often dramatic, suppression of erythrocyte destruction in patients with acquired hemolytic disease frequently produced by therapeutic adrenal corticosteroids suggests that these compounds may exert a specific effect on phagocytosis of these abnormal erythrocytes, apart from possible suppression of production of antibody-like proteins. The present study extends preliminary observations (1) on the suppression of the in vitro erythrophagocytic capabilities of peripheral blood leukocytes obtained from patients receiving ACTH or adrenal corticosteroids.
Author's reply to Madhok
Authors: D. Berger
Journal: BMJ (2014)

I applaud Madhok’s work in trying to promote professionalism and ethics in Indian doctors and am glad that he thinks my portrayal of the problem is accurate.1 2 It is important, however, not to slip into the trap of failing to tackle and speak openly about corruption in Indian healthcare for fear of appearing prejudiced, patronising, or unfair. In suggesting that India should consider embarking …
NICE guidance on ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage restricts access and choice and may be clinically unsafe
Authors: T. Bourne, K. Barnhart, C. B. Benson, J. Brosens, B. Van Calster, G. Condous, A. Coomerasamy, P. M. Doubilet, S. R. Goldstein, D. Gould, E. Kirk, B. W. Mol, N. Raine-Fenning, C. Stalder, D. Timmerman
Journal: BMJ (2013)

We welcome National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidance on wider use of pregnancy tests in primary care and its focus on considering ectopic pregnancy (EP), but we are worried about recommendations that restrict access, limit choice, and may be clinically unsafe.1
Protection against RNA-induced liver damage by myeloid cells requires type I interferon and IL-1 receptor antagonist in mice
Authors: Elea Conrad, Theresa K. Resch, Patricia Gogesch, Ulrich Kalinke, Ingo Bechmann, Christian Bogdan, Zoe Waibler
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Cell types and mechanisms involved in type I interferon (IFN)-mediated anti-inflammatory effects are poorly understood. Upon injection of artificial double-stranded RNA (poly(I:C)), we observed severe liver damage in type I IFN-receptor (IFNAR) chain 1-deficient mice, but not in wild-type (WT) controls. Studying mice with conditional IFNAR ablations revealed that IFNAR triggering of myeloid cells is essential to protect mice from poly(I:C)-induced liver damage. Accordingly, in poly(I:C)-treated WT, but not IFNAR-deficient mice, monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were recruited to the liver. Comparing WT and IFNAR-deficient mice with animals deficient for the IFNAR on myeloid cells only revealed a direct IFNAR-dependent production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) that could be assigned to liver-infiltrating cells. Upon poly(I:C) treatment, IFNAR-deficient mice displayed both a severe lack of IL-1RA production and an increased production of proinflammatory IL-1β, indicating a severely imbalanced cytokine milieu in the liver in absence of a functional type I IFN system. Depletion of IL-1β or treatment with recombinant IL-1RA both rescued IFNAR-deficient mice from poly(I:C)-induced liver damage, directly linking the deregulated IL-1β and IL-1RA production to liver pathology. Conclusion : Type I IFN signaling protects from severe liver damage by recruitment of monocytic MDSCs and maintaining a balance between IL-1β and IL-1RA production. (HEPATOLOGY 2014;59:1555-1563)
The job description of the cerebellum and a candidate model of its “tidal wave” function
Authors: Robert E. Shaw, Endre E. Kadar, M. T. Turvey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

A path space integral approach to modelling the job description of the cerebellum is proposed. This new approach incorporates the “tidal wave” equation into a kind of generalized Huygens's wave equation. The resulting exponential functional integral provides a mathematical expression of the inhibitory function by which the cerebellum “sculpts” the intended control signal from the background of neuronal excitation.
Compensation and drug trials.
Authors: A L Diamond, D R Laurence
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry's guidelines on compensating patients for injuries incurred in clinical trials of drugs are published here, followed by a commentary co-authored by two ethics committee members who have reviewed such trials. Among the issues covered by the guidelines and clarified by the commentary are provision for compensation without proof of negligence; payment only for injuries caused by the drug under investigation and not by other factors; payment to patients involved in trials, but not to healthy volunteers; and the amount of compensation.
CT and Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Vertebral Metastases
Authors: THEA E. G. VAN ZANTEN, G J J TEULE, R P GOLDING, G A K HEIDENDAL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Three cases are presented to illustrate the value of CT in elucidating the diagnosis in cancer patients presenting with complaints that are clinically highly suspicious for osseous metastases, where isotope bone imaging and conventional radiography failed to confirm the clinician's suspicion.
IL-17 and GM-CSF Expression Are Antagonistically Regulated by Human T Helper Cells
Authors: Rebecca Noster, René Riedel, Mir-Farzin Mashreghi, Helena Radbruch, Lutz Harms, Claudia Haftmann, Hyun-Dong Chang, Andreas Radbruch, Christina E. Zielinski
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

GM-CSF–producing T helper cells in humans follow a distinct regulation program as compared to T H 17 cells and are associated with multiple sclerosis.
The Tuberculin Reaction in Female Hospital Patients
Authors: Leon J. Taubenhaus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

RECENT knowledge of the genetic and somatic effects of radiation1 has restricted x-ray examination as a mass screening device for detection of tuberculosis among the general population although its use is still recommended for populations of high risk. Hospital populations, when investigated, have, been shown to yield a relatively high number of cases of tuberculosis.2 In general hospitals, admission x-ray studies have been reported to give evidence of tuberculosis in 2.8 to 8.1 per cent of cases,3 a prevalence of two to six times that of the general population. Many hospitals, however, will not adopt a policy of routine admission . . .
Sources of variability in normal body surface potential maps.
Authors: G Kozmann, R L Lux, L S Green
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Within-group variability of body surface potential maps was assessed on data from 685 carefully validated normal subjects (348 men and 337 women). Sources of within-group variability were evaluated by subgrouping maps by patient sex, age, height, and weight. Contribution of reproducibility error to total variance was assessed in a separate group of 52 normal subjects in whom multiple maps were recorded. Total variance was significantly lower in women than in men. Total variance tended to decrease with age, and the greatest decrease occurred in men during the 3rd decade. The ratio of total variance to mean signal energy showed a slow decrease with age for each group. Results suggest that the dominant source of within-group variability arises from variability of cardiac electric sources while the influence of volume conductor variability is significantly less. Variability due to measurement reproducibility was approximately half of the total variance.
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 induces dermal fibrosis by activation of the canonical Wnt pathway
Authors: C. Bergmann, A. Akhmetshina, C. Dees, K. Palumbo, P. Zerr, C. Beyer, J. Zwerina, O. Distler, G. Schett, J. H. W. Distler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3) regulates the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of β-catenin, thereby preventing aberrant activation of the canonical Wnt pathway. A study was undertaken to define the role of GSK-3 in fibroblast activation and in experimental models of systemic sclerosis (SSc).siRNA and specific inhibitors were used to inhibit GSK-3 in cultured fibroblasts and in mice. Activation of the canonical Wnt signalling was analysed by determining the levels of nuclear β-catenin and by measuring the mRNA levels of the Wnt target gene Axin2. The effects of GSK-3 on the release of collagen were evaluated in human dermal fibroblasts and in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis in tight-skin-1 (tsk-1) mice.Targeting GSK-3 potently activated the canonical Wnt pathway in fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo. Inactivation of GSK-3 dose-dependently stimulated the release of collagen from cultured fibroblasts in a β-catenin-dependent manner and further resulted in progressive accumulation of collagen and dermal thickening in mice. Inhibition of GSK-3 aggravated experimental fibrosis in bleomycin-challenged mice and in tsk-1 mice.Inhibition of GSK-3 activates the canonical Wnt pathway in fibroblasts, stimulates the release of collagen from fibroblasts, exacerbates experimental fibrosis and is sufficient to induce fibrosis. GSK-3 is therefore a key regulator of the canonical Wnt signalling in fibroblasts and inhibition of GSK-3 results in fibroblast activation and increased release of collagen.
Aspirin associated with oral anticoagulant decreases early prosthetic non obstructive thrombi but does not reduce morbidity at one year after mitral valve replacement with the St Jude medical prosthesis
Authors: P. Laffort, R. Roudaut, X. Roques, C. Deville, J. Bonnet, E. Baudet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Post-Midnight Reverie
Authors: Keith Wrenn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

On Being a Doctor1 December 1995Post-Midnight ReverieKeith Wrenn, MDKeith Wrenn, MDVanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN 37232-4700Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The IV in my right arm is hurting. I hope they don't have to start it again. I can't see the drops in the little chamber but there's no beeping from the machine yet. It is dark in the room. There are no shadows: I measure time by them now. When the TV's shadow hits the corner of the room, it's time for dinner.I can feel my husband's hand in mine. His breathing is slow and even, so I know he is finally asleep in the chair beside me. He can't be comfortable but he sleeps anyway.Since the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN 37232-4700Corresponding Author: Keith Wrenn, MD, 703 Oxford House, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-4700 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMinimizing excessive resident hours in surgical training programs 1 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 11Page: 890KeywordsAntibioticsBreathingNursesPainSleepSurgeryThoraxTouch Issue Published: 1 December 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Frequency and voltage dependent effects of AN-132, a new class I anti-arrhythmic agent, on max of action potential upstroke in guinea pig ventricular muscles
Authors: SHU CHIHARA, ITSUO KODAMA, JUNJI TOYAMA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Journal Article Frequency and voltage dependent effects of AN-132, a new class I anti-arrhythmic agent, on max of action potential upstroke in guinea pig ventricular muscles Get access SHU CHIHARA, SHU CHIHARA †From the New Drug Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ITSUO KODAMA, ITSUO KODAMA **From the Department of Circulation and Respiration, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JUNJI TOYAMA JUNJI TOYAMA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 22, Issue 9, September 1988, Pages 648–655, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/22.9.648 Published: 01 September 1988 Article history Accepted: 25 April 1988 Published: 01 September 1988
Hepatic and extrahepatic metabolism of <sup>14</sup> C-styrene oxide
Authors: Adrian J. Ryan, Margaret O. James, Zvi Ben-Zvi, Francis C. P. Law, John R. Bend
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

With 8–14C–styrene oxide as substrate, specific glutathione S-transferase and epoxide hydrase activities were determined in subcellular fractions of liver, lungs, kidney, and intestinal mucosa from rabbit, rat, and guinea pig. Liver had the highest enzyme activities in each species. Rat and guinea pig had higher glutathione S-transferase activity in both liver and kidney than rabbit. Rat testis also had appreciable glutathione S-transferase activity. The perinatal development of epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase was followed in liver and several extrahepatic tissues of fetal and neonatal guinea pigs and rabbits. The rates at which enzyme activities reached adult levels in the extrahepatic tissues differed from the liver in both species. Epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferases developed at different rates in each organ, demonstrating that the relative importance of these two detoxifying pathways for styrene oxide may shift before and after birth. The effects of pretreating male and female rats with phenobarbital (PB), 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene (DBA), pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN), or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on hepatic and extrahepatic epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase activities toward styrene oxide were determined. PB increased both enzyme activities in liver of both sexes. PCN induced only glutathione S-transferase activity in female liver. Extrahepatic epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase activities were unaffected except that TCDD doubled female renal epoxide hydrase activity and PB increased intestinal epoxide hydrase activity in both sexes. Styrene oxide biotransformation was studied in isolated, perfused rat liver and rabbit lung preparations. Conjugation with glutathione was a major metabolic pathway although significant amounts of diol were also formed in each instance. In rat liver, 27–40% of the administered styrene oxide was excreted via the bile mainly as S-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)glutathione.
A quarter centenary: A full man
Authors: C S Breathnach
Journal: BMJ (1997)

As it has ceased to be a vocation, medicine has progressively become a life long study, and in the headlong revolution there is a danger that continuing medical education will concern itself solely with but one facet of the student life. In his first volume of essays, published in 1597, Francis Bacon (1561-1626) averred that studies served for private delight, for ornament in discourse, and …