tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The glycosaminoglycans of human plasma
Authors: Alberto Calatroni, Patricia V. Donnelly, Nicola Di Ferrante
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

A method is proposed for the measurement of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on 5-10 ml of plasma. It is based on the adsorption of GAG on small ECTEOLA columns followed by measurement of the hexuronic acid in the NaCl eluates. Routine use of the method has indicated the presence of a GAG fraction that adsorbs readily on ECTEOLA ("free" GAG) and of another that adsorbs on it only after treatment with papain ("bound" GAG). "Free" and "bound" GAG have been measured in normal adults, normal children, and children affected by mucopolysaccharidosis type I; the results obtained are in good agreement with those previously reported in the literature.Various analyses performed on purified "free" and "bound" GAG have confirmed that chondroitin-4-sulfate is the main glycosaminoglycan of normal human plasma where it occurs both free and bound to protein and at various levels of sulfation. The presence of small amounts of heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate has also been demonstrated. Metabolic experiments performed in rabbits have indicated that plasma GAG derive from peripheral tissues and increase sharply after papain injection. In young animals the "free" GAG have a faster turnover than the "bound," possibly a reflection of active processes of remodeling and calcification. The synthesis of the "free" and "bound" GAG, as measured with (85)S-sulfate incorporation, seems to proceed at the same rate, and the hypothesis has been advanced that as a result of the action of tissue proteases, part of the "bound" GAG may be transformed into "free" GAG, the latter being immediately extruded from the tissues into the circulatory system.
Inactivated Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Walter R. Dowdle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

In contrast to the uniform expression of confidence in the efficacy of, for example, live measles or poliomyelitis vaccines, opinions about the efficacy of the inactivated influenza vaccines vary greatly. Rarely is anyone neutral. Whatever the opinion, it can usually be supported by the proper choice of reports in the medical and lay press. Vaccine efficacy has not been clearly and consistently demonstrated. Reasonably controlled field trials have sometimes shown vaccine efficacy to be inadequate. Major variations in the surface antigens of "new" epidemic strains have on occasion rendered current vaccines impotent. Also contributing to the image of vaccine inconsistency . . .
Doctors and managers: Commission for Health Improvement gives its perspective
Authors: L. Patterson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Journals should select drug advertisements more carefullyEditor-Until the ALLHAT study (antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial) was published, 1 there was little, if any, evidence of the clinical benefit of amlodipine in treating hypertension.Nevertheless, as testimony to the marketing success of Pfizer, amlodipine has become the world's biggest selling antihypertensive drug.Pfizer is obviously keen to publicise the results from ALLHAT.Several medical journals, including the BMJ, have recently printed an advertisement for amlodipine in which it is claimed: "with the results of the ALLHAT study, lowering blood pressure with [amlodipine] in high risk hypertensive patients is now proven to be equivalent to a diuretic in stroke outcome."Although the advertisement is factually correct, unsurprisingly, it does not mention the comparative cost of amlodipine.According to prices in the latest British National Formulary, it costs about 16 times more to treat hypertension with amlodipine than it does with bendrofluazide, the most commonly prescribed thiazide diuretic in the United Kingdom.If equivalent efficacy is accepted, this makes amlodipine about 1/16th as cost effective.Given that hypertension is the commonest treatable chronic medical condition in the United Kingdom, a treatment strategy based on amlodipine would be wasteful.Most would agree that those who prescribe have a duty to consider cost effectiveness, especially when there is a choice of effective treatments. 2 It is therefore disappointing that major medical journals, particularly those that have championed transparency in the health service-industry partnership, are prepared to accept advertisements that contain information that may be considered misleading.We suggest that reputable journals should take account of any potentially misleading content in deciding which advertisements to publish.
Abstract 5317: Photonic crystal microarray sensing of breast cancer cell line lysates
Authors: Swapnajit Chakravarty, Naimei Tang, Hai Yan, Chun-ju Yang, Yi Zou, Qiang Shen, Ray Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Monitoring of protein expression changes in cells or in real tissue is commonly based on western blot and protein microarray. However, these assays have limitations that include lack of detection sensitivity and accuracy. Furthermore, fluorescent, radioactive or magnetic tags or labels are typically needed for signal transduction, which may not always be preferable, as more and more new markers are being discovered. In this study, we have used our silicon chip based label free high throughput high sensitivity XtremeSens Diagnostics benchtop nanophotonic platform to detect the target proteins that are regulated by TAM67. The platform has currently demonstrated the smallest sensor on chip with the highest sensitivity down to 67femtograms per milliliter with specificity. The target proteins were selected based on western blot results which shows that when Tam67 is overexpressed in MCF-7 Tam67 clone cells, PCNA is up-regulated; ß-catenin, cyclinD1, p-EGFR expression are down-regulated, and E-cadherin seems to have no change. The probe antibodies were printed on unique photonic crystal microcavities and cell lysates were detected by a label-free method. The assay is based on the highly sensitive photonic crystal platform in silicon-on-insulator chips in which light-matter interaction is enhanced due to confinement and guiding of light on length scales of the wavelength of light. The probe proteins are immobilized on unique photonic crystal microcavities in the array. All sensors are exposed to the analyte at the same instant of time. The binding interaction alters the refractive index of the resonance cavity and this is detected as a shift in the resonance wavelength trapped by the device. The resonance shift is detected directly and does not require any secondary labeling. Specificity is demonstrated using a sandwich assay in which a second antibody was introduced following the initial binding and washing steps and a secondary resonance wavelength shift is observed. The impact of this study will provide the wide range of applications including the study of cancer biomarker, signal transfection pathway, clinical diagnosis of diseases, commercialization potential is envisioned in other civilian markets such as environmental pollution sensing, food pathogen detection and biodefense. Citation Format: Swapnajit Chakravarty, Naimei Tang, Hai Yan, Chun-ju Yang, Yi Zou, Qiang Shen, Ray Chen. Photonic crystal microarray sensing of breast cancer cell line lysates. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5317. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5317
Chronic pancreatitis: Research and clinical managementH.G. Beger, H. Buchler, H. Ditschuneit, and P. MacFertheiner, eds. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990, $95.80 (xvi + 574 pages), ISBN 3-540-52034-1.
Authors: Marion C. Anderson
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (1991)
Association between mutations in the core region of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 and hepatocellular carcinoma development
Authors: Shingo Nakamoto, Fumio Imazeki, Kenichi Fukai, Keiichi Fujiwara, Makoto Arai, Tatsuo Kanda, Yutaka Yonemitsu, Osamu Yokosuka
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis in School Children
Authors: Eun Lee, Si Hyeon Lee, Ji-Won Kwon, Song I. Yang, Young Ho Jung, Hyung-Young Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Byoung-Ju Kim, Hyo-Bin Kim, So Yeon Lee, Ho-Jang Kwon, Soo-Jong Hong
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
A new anchoring technique for accessing the bile duct during direct peroral cholangioscopy using the guide probe of Kautz
Authors: T. Beyna, F. Lenze, K. Hengst, H. Ullerich
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Direct peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) with an ultraslim upper gastrointestinal endoscope has become a very helpful method for direct endoscopic examination and therapeutic intervention in the bile duct system. Several techniques have been reported for achieving endoscopic access to the common bile duct, including placement of an ultrastiff guide wire [1] [2] and use of an anchoring balloon [2] [3].
Can a Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Cause Gallstones?
Authors: Alan F. Hofmann, Timothy C. Northfield, Johnson L. Thistle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Ten years ago, Dayton and his colleagues initiated a randomized double-blind trial in 846 domiciled older men, aimed at testing whether a diet high in unsaturated fat would decrease the incidence of complications of atherosclerosis.1 A "control" group was instructed to eat meals containing chiefly animal fat. An "experimental" group ate similar meals in which 2/3 of the animal fat was replaced by vegetable fat. The number of meals eaten by each participant was recorded. During the study about 170 men in each group died, the majority from causes unrelated to atherosclerosis. Autopsies were carried out by members of the . . .
O14 USE OF SOFOSBUVIR/LEDIPASVIR FIXED DOSE COMBINATION FOR TREATMENT OF HCV GENOTYPE-1 IN PATIENTS COINFECTED WITH HIV
Authors: A. Osinusi, K. Townsend, A. Nelson, A. Kohli, C. Gross, M.A. Polis, P.S. Pang, W.T. Symonds, R. Talwani, M.M. Sajadi, J. Hogan, D. Benator, M. Subramanian, J. Mchutchison, H. Masur, S. Kottilil
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Serum Phosphorus and Potassium Levels after Intravenous Administration of Glucose
Authors: Kare Gundersen, Robert F. Bradley, Alexander Marble
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IT is well known that the concentration of inorganic phosphorus of the blood serum of normal dogs1 2 3 and men4 5 6 7 8 9 falls after the ingestion or infusion of glucose. In diabetes mellitus this drop is less marked and often prolonged, and at times there is no fall.9 , 10 This has been ascribed to decreased peripheral utilization of glucose due either to pancreatic insufficiency or to insulin antagonists.9 Early studies also showed that in normal and diabetic persons insulin enhances the reduction in serum inorganic phosphorus.4 , 5 , 8 , 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Pollack et al.3 demonstrated marked participation of phosphate in the utilization of glucose in the hind limb of . . .
Positive End Expiratory Pressure in Adults
Authors: James H. Shelhamer
Journal: JAMA (1984)

DURING the last 15 years, positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been increasingly used in the therapy for some forms of acute respiratory failure in adults. Effective use of PEEP, however, is predicated on an understanding of pulmonary mechanics, cardiopulmonary physiology, and the pathophysiology of the diseases to which this therapy is applied. <h3>Respiratory Mechanics</h3> At the end of tidal volume exhalation in a spontaneously breathing person, the amount of air remaining in the lung, the functional residual capacity (FRC), is determined by two opposing factors: (1) the tendency of the chest wall to expand, and (2) the tendency of the lung to collapse (elastic recoil). These two opposing factors cause the pressure in the pleural space to be negative (≈-5 cm H<sub>2</sub>O). Tidal volume ventilation then begins at FRC with inspiratory musculature causing the volume of the thorax to increase, resulting in a more negative intrapleural pressure;
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and International Society for Cutaneous Lymphoma consensus recommendations for the management of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Nancy J. Senff, Evert M. Noordijk, Youn H. Kim, Martine Bagot, Emilio Berti, Lorenzo Cerroni, Reinhard Dummer, Madeleine Duvic, Richard T. Hoppe, Nicola Pimpinelli, Steven T. Rosen, Maarten H. Vermeer, Sean Whittaker, Rein Willemze
Journal: Blood (2008)
Ranitidine and Theophylline
Authors: Joel H. Dobbs, Robert N. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1984Ranitidine and TheophyllineJOEL H. DOBBS, PHARM.D., M.P.H., ROBERT N. SMITH, M.D.JOEL H. DOBBS, PHARM.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT N. SMITH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-5-769_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A letter in the March issue (1) discussed an alleged interaction between ranitidine and theophylline. The authors have allowed us to evaluate the medical records, and in our opinion, there is an entirely different explanation for the response.An elderly patient was taking a high dose of theophylline (Theo-Dur; Key Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Miami, Florida), 600 mg every 8h before ranitidine was given. This relatively high dose was needed after antacid therapy was started. In May 1982, the patient developed dyspepsia secondary to hiatal hernia and was given an antacid (Maalox; William H. Rorer, Inc., Fort Washington, Pennsylvania),...References1. FERNANDESMELEWICZ EF. Ranitidine and theophylline [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:459. LinkGoogle Scholar2. REED R. Antacid influence on theophylline bioavailability. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1982;16:479. Google Scholar3. RUFF F. Drug interaction with theophylline: lack of theophylline-ranitidine interaction. Nouv Presse Med. 1982;11:3512. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. POWELLROGERSWARGINCROSSESHELMAN JJWRF. Inhibition of theophylline clearance by cimetidine but not ranitidine. Arch Intern Med. 1984;144:484-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SERLINSIBEONBRECKENRIDGE MRA. Lack of effect of ranitidine on warfarin action. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;12:791-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. KELLYSHANKSMCDEVITT JRD. Influence of ranitidine on plasma metoprolol concentrations. Br Med J. 1983;287:1218-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOEL H. DOBBS, PHARM.D., M.P.H.; ROBERT N. SMITH, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySynthesis and fungicidal activities of 1-[(2,2-diaryl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl]-1H-azolesHEPATOTOXICITY OF DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERSComment: Ranitidine Does Not Inhibit Theophylline MetabolismRanitidine—Theophylline Interaction—Fact or Fiction?Ranitidine drug interactions—a literature reviewThe Hepatic and Renal Mechanisms of Drug Interactions with CimetidineAntacids and Theophylline-Ranitidine InteractionELIZABETH FERNANDES, M.D., F. MICHAEL MELEWICZ, M.D. 1 May 1984Volume 100, Issue 5Page: 769-769KeywordsElderlyHernia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bassoon Specifically Controls Presynaptic P/Q-type Ca2+ Channels via RIM-Binding Protein
Authors: Daria Davydova, Claudia Marini, Claire King, Julia Klueva, Ferdinand Bischof, Stefano Romorini, Carolina Montenegro-Venegas, Martin Heine, Romy Schneider, Markus S. Schröder, Wilko D. Altrock, Christian Henneberger, Dmitri A. Rusakov, Eckart D. Gundelfinger, Anna Fejtova
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Neurosecretions; proceedings of the third International Symposium on Neurosecretion, held in the University of Bristol, September, 1961. Memoirs of the Society for Endocrinology No 12.
Authors: Anne P. Forbes
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Broad horizons may be glimpsed between the meshes of these detailed studies of neurosecretory cells in cockroaches, crabs, cyclostomes, rats, and white-crowned sparrows. In many lower species neurosecretory mechanisms control heart rate, growth and repair, metamorphosis, and gonadal function directly, rather than through the intermediary endocrine mechanisms found in higher organisms. This symposium includes microscopic and electronmicroscopic studies of the intracellular anatomy of neurosecretory cells, and of the migrations of neurosecretory granules and their delivery to anterior pituitary cells or other target organs and to extra and intravascular fluid compartments. Beginnings are made in identifying the hormones contained in granules and in correlating the rate of their formation with the physiologic state of the organism.
Fatal Air Embolism in an Airplane Passenger with a Giant Intrapulmonary Bronchogenic Cyst
Authors: MICHAEL ZAUGG, VLADIMIR KAPLAN, URS WIDMER, PETER CARL BAUMANN, ERICH WALTER RUSSI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Considering the large number of airplane passengers with a variety of medical conditions, the incidence of in-flight emergencies on commercial airline flights is low. Only few cases of pulmonary barotrauma in airplane passengers with prior lung pathologies have been reported. We present the unusual case of a female airplane passenger with a previously diagnosed asymptomatic giant intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst who experienced fatal air embolism on a commercial airline flight. We believe that preventive surgical resection is mandatory in asymptomatic patients with large intrapulmonary cysts prior to exposure to even small alterations in ambient pressure as, for instance, prior to airplane flight or use of mountain cable cars. However, screening for pre-existent lung pathologies in the growing mass of commercial airline travelers is not justified.
Renal Failure Due to Para-aminosalicylic Acid
Authors: D. Owen
Journal: BMJ (1958)

BMEnL 483 explanation has been offered by Boas and Scow (1954) for these results.They considered that the apparent exophthalmos was due to retarded body growth induced by cortisone.Essex (1955) also held the view that body growth is retarded by cortisone, while the eye, as an ectodermal structure, was little affected.Wyn Williams (1955) found that this cortisone-induced exophthalmos could be produced only in the growing animal.Moreover, it has been sug- gested that systemic cortisone might improve exophthalmos, and, although this was not borne out in a trial carried out under the auspices of the Medical Research Council (1955), no case was made worse by such treatment.Although no definite mechanism can be implicated, the natural history of this case, with exophthalmos preceding the other signs of Cushing's syndrome, would suggest that the primary disturbance was hypothalamic or pituitary rather than adrenal. SummaryA case of Cushing's syndrome with mental disturbance and malignant exophthalmos is described.A possible mechanism of the exophthalmos is discussed.It is suggested that the primary lesion of Cushing's syndrome was in the hypothalamus or pituitary rather than the adrenal glands.-Wethank Dr. A. E.
1154-97 Electrocardiogram morphology predictors of pharmacologic termination of ventricular tachycardia
Authors: John C Somberg, Charles I Haffajee, Sandor Timar, Steven J Bailin, Istvan Sarosi, Walter P Paladino, Ferenc Lakatos, Nicholas Z Kerin, Jeno Tarjan, Jozsef Borbola, Janos Molnar, None The Amio-Aqueous Investigators
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A Lifetime of Quantum Leaps in Medicine: 1935 to 1989
Authors: Freddy Homburger
Journal: JAMA (1990)

NOWADAYS when I read scientific literature, I often feel humiliated and ignorant and conclude that I am hopelessly left behind by a rapidly moving science and its esoteric terminology, understandable only to the initiated, and for me, the old physician, akin to Chinese. Then I think back to the good old days when we were dealing with patients and their diseases, when it was not necessary to understand what was going on at the molecular level, and when it was sufficient to know anatomy, pathology, and physical diagnosis, to have an idea of the interpretation of electrocardiograms, and to be able to read a roentgenogram. The choice of really effective drugs was limited and the diseases that could not be significantly influenced by our ministrations were numerous. As I think back to the early days of my introduction to medicine in Geneva, in my native Switzerland, and briefly in Vienna,
Intracellular traffic of newly synthesized proteins. Current understanding and future prospects.
Authors: V R Lingappa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Our survival depends on the specialized functions of our tis- sues and organs.These functions are carried out by specific proteins, i.e., enzymes, receptors, and channels, which reside in specific locations within the cell, separated by membranes.Indeed, most of the activities characteristic of a tissue can be traced back to individual gene products expressed in a particular membrane or membrane-delimited compartment.Mislo- calization of such proteins is functionally equivalent to lack of expression, or worse.Because almost all protein synthesis occurs in the cytosol, a complex system of targeting, sorting, and consignment must exist whereby the thousands of different newly synthesized proteins, both specialized for particular cell types and general to every cell, get to their correct location.These processes make up the intracellular traffic of newly synthesized proteins.Events in protein traffic involve not only processes of protein localization but also those of protein biosynthesis and assem- bly.A survey of current concepts and knowledge on protein traffic thus must address the disparate problems oftargeting of proteins to particular membranes, translocation across and insertion into membranes, assembly into multiprotein com- plexes in or outside of a bilayer, transport from one compart- ment to another, secretion out of the cell, co-and posttranslational modifications of transported proteins, retention in and diversion to particular compartments, and regulation of all of these processes.In addition to establishing new tissue-specific functions, protein traffic is necessary for the constant repair and renewal that maintain the integrity of cell structure and function.As specialized cellular functions depend on gene product expression in particular locations, it seems reasonable to sup- pose that some diseases should be traceable to lesions in pro- tein trafficking.To date, several rare genetic lesions have in- deed been described in which altered protein traffic appears to be the direct cause of disease, including a-1 antitrypsin defi- ciency (1), Zellweger's disease (2), and I cell disease (3).Un- derstanding these lesions enhances our appreciation of the physiologic pathways, but is not of great clinical significance.However, recent progress in understanding the cell and molec-