tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Robots, Men and Minds: Psychology in the Modern World
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Don't let the subtitle discourage you from reading this book. It was not written by a psychologist but by a Viennese scientist, now professor of theoretical biology at the University of Alberta. Von Bertalanffy is probably best known in this country for his work in General Systems Theory. All this might lead you to expect a ponderous tome of theory expressed in stilted language. Instead, you will find interesting ideas expressed with brevity, clarity, and wit. Most psychologists, von Bertalanffy points out, have viewed human beings as robots, reacting to external influences but incapable of spontaneous action. The classic stimulus-response pattern, Freudian emphasis on early childhood experience, Pavlovian conditioning, and almost all other psychological theories represent human behavior as determined by instinct or external influences. Application of these theories in advertising, education, and politics leads to a dehumanizing of men. Instead of assuming that men are nothing but animals or
Clinical Anatomy for Your Pocket
Authors: David A. Morton
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reemergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era
Authors: Frank R. DeLeo, Henry F. Chambers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of bacterial infections in developed countries and produces a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from minor skin infections to fatal necrotizing pneumonia. Although S. aureus infections were historically treatable with common antibiotics, emergence of drug-resistant organisms is now a major concern. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was endemic in hospitals by the late 1960s, but it appeared rapidly and unexpectedly in communities in the 1990s and is now prevalent worldwide. This Review focuses on progress made toward understanding the success of community-associated MRSA as a human pathogen, with an emphasis on genome-wide approaches and virulence determinants.
Role of Chemicals in Local Regulation of Vascular Resistance
Authors: FRANCIS J. HADDY
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Changes in flow and metabolism influence vascular resistance in part through alteration of the concentration of vasoactive chemicals. Among the chemicals which may have a role in this local regulation are oxygen, hydrogen, potassium, magnesium, adenosine, AMP, ADP, ATP, and the Krebs intermediate metabolites. It is likely that several chemicals operate simultaneously, and possibly the dominant chemical is not the same in every organ.
Association between radiological findings and total and regional function in emphysema
Authors: J. R. Nairn, F. J. Prime, G. Simon
Journal: Thorax (1969)

Tests of overall and regional lung function using xenon-133 with fixed counters were carried out on 49 patients who were judged on specified radiological grounds to have emphysema: 31 of them also had clinical evidence of chronic bronchitis. The radiological extent of the disease was classified as generalized, extensive localized or localized. The results of the tests were compared with the radiographic extent of the disease and with the local radiographic appearances. Derangements of total lung function agreed well with the radiological extent of the disease; in particular, the average level of Paco<sub>2</sub> was lower than that predicted from the F.E.V.<sub>1</sub> when generalized and extensive localized emphysema were present. Co-existing chronic bronchitis was associated with higher levels of Paco<sub>2</sub>. The resting Pao<sub>2</sub> was higher if one or both lower regions were normally ventilated despite unevenness of ventilation elsewhere, emphasizing the importance of the lower lung regions in determining the overall V/Q of the lungs. Regional derangements of ventilation coincided fairly well with the radiographic distribution of vascular narrowing or loss but the blood flow was found to be diminished in less than 5% of upper and middle regions with radiological changes. Ventilation was impaired in parts of the lungs where the vascular shadows were apparently normal. This finding was attributed to the effects of chronic bronchitis, because it was also found in seven patients with this disease who did not have radiographic evidence of emphysema; in these, impairment of ventilation in the middle and lower regions was a salient feature.
Psychological Processes in the Schizophrenic Adaptation
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This volume represents the results of an inquiry into "what is going on psychologically in a schizophrenic patient." The author, a distinguished Rorschach investigator, classifies schizophrenia into four reaction types designated core, dream, sanctuary, and transition. Two classifications of children are also added. At this point, the reviewer can merely fall back on the oft-quoted Shakespearean lines: "That which we call a rose/ By any other name..." Obviously, the "core" and "dream" schizophrenias signify the classical "nuclear" or "ingrained" forms of the disease, or kraeplinian dementia praecox. The "sanctuary" and "transition" forms are better integrated in ego structure and display a firmer hold on reality. These are presumably "schizophreniform" illnesses, with better prognosis. A total of 170 symptoms or behavior patterns, classified under five areas—defenses, intellectual functioning, fantasy activity, emotional state, and social adaptations—are measured by the Rorschach method (and by clinical evaluation) and assigned a quantitative rating from 0
A Body Measurement to Evaluate the Pattern of Fat Distribution in Central Obesity
Authors: Ryoji Hiramatsu
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To quantify the fat distribution pattern in central obesity, truncal (neck, chest, and abdomen) and peripheral (bilateral upper part of the arms, thighs, and lower part of the legs) circumferences of the body were measured in Japanese women. Central obesity index (COI) was calculated as follows: sum of the truncal circumferences divided by sum of the bilateral peripheral circumferences. The mean COI of six women with Cushing's syndrome (1.028 +/- 0.056 [SD] ) far exceeded that of 56 female controls (0.875 +/- 0.054), including 14 obese women (0.877 +/- 0.060) and 13 diabetic women (0.922 +/- 0.028). During the postoperative follow-up of the patients with Cushing's syndrome, the COIs decreased considerably. Because there is no requirement for special instruments or techniques, the measurement of COI is expected to be useful in the screening of Japanese women for Cushing's syndrome and as an indicator of response after treatment.
Medical Education and the State: The Changing Pattern in Ten Countries
Authors: Howard M. Spiro
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Written by a physician educated in Scotland, New York, Montreal, and Germany who became a professor of medicine in London and Montreal and finally dean at McGill University Medical School, this book gives a concise and sharp-eyed assessment of how substantial state financial support has shaped medical education and limited the autonomy of the medical schools. The product of visits to many countries, the report deals largely with the United States, Britain, and Canada, with short comments on medical education in Sweden and Australia. Once dependent on federal money, the leaders of American medicine will march untiringly up the hills of research or down into the valleys of primary care in their quest for more money. Dr Christie is not optimistic about the future of the current primary care fad, despite current emphasis in the curriculum, simply because he believes that science has so widened the scope of medical knowledge
Diagnosis of Pertussis—Reply
Authors: Ralph Gonzales, Paul B. Cornia, Tom Newman
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Successful treatment of cyclic thrombocytopenia with thrombopoietin‐mimetic agents: A report of two patients
Authors: Prithviraj Bose, Khader K. Hussein, Deirdra R. Terrell, Dietmar Berger, Lawrence Rice, James N. George
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

therefore, accelerating the endothelial turnover.Although the increase in EPCs number in our study did not reach statistical significance, it is a well-known fact that PB EPCs are extremely rare and their mobilization takes place hours after the application of the stimulus, whereas in this study the blood was drawn after about 10 min after the goal of the exercise test was achieved.Our observations on the effects of exercise on the CECs may help to explain the benefits that exercise has on the cardiovascular system, suggesting a role of mechanical factors such as BP on the endothelial renewal in physiological conditions.
Evolution of Prodromal Clinical Markers of Parkinson Disease in a<i>GBA</i>Mutation–Positive Cohort
Authors: Michelle Beavan, Alisdair McNeill, Christos Proukakis, Derralynn A. Hughes, Atul Mehta, Anthony H. V. Schapira
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Numerically, the most important genetic risk factor for the development of Parkinson disease (PD) is the presence of a glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) mutation.
Management of diastolic heart failure in older adults: Author's reply
Authors: Ali Ahmed
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I agree with McCulloch that diagnosing diastolic heart failure is complex. A detailed discussion of this complex topic was beyond the scope of my brief review.

The third criterion of the European Study Group on Diastolic Heart Failure (evidence of abnormal left ventricular relaxation, filling, diastolic distensibility, and diastolic stiffness) …
Book Review Tuberculosis and the Tubercle Bacillus Edited by Stewart T. Cole, Kathleen Davis Eisenach, David N. McMurray, and William R. Jacobs, Jr. 584 pp., illustrated. Washington, D.C., ASM Press, 2005. $125.95. 1-55581-295-3
Authors: Ross Coppel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)
On the Extraction of Senile Cataract in its Capsule
Authors: E. Andrew
Journal: BMJ (1883)

t The bandage here referred to is the one first suggested, I believe, by the late Air.Dunnage.It Is of open texture, and at each temple two tapes are joined to its extremities at each angle; these pass over the ears, and, continued on each side as one tape, are carried round the lhead anid tied in front.
Regulatory T Cells Attenuate Mycobacterial Stasis in Alveolar and Blood-derived Macrophages from Patients with Tuberculosis
Authors: Patricia L. Semple, Anke B. Binder, Malika Davids, Alice Maredza, Richard N. van Zyl-Smit, Keertan Dheda
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

There are hardly any data about the frequency of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (T-Regs) in the lungs of patients with active tuberculosis (TB).To obtain data about the frequency of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T-Regs, and their impact on mycobacterial containment, in the lungs of patients with active TB.Patients with pulmonary TB (n = 49) and healthy volunteers with presumed latent TB infection (LTBI; n = 38) donated blood and/or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells obtained by bronchoscopy. T-cell phenotype (Th1/Th2/Th17/T-Reg) and functional status was evaluated using flow-cytometry and (3)H-thymidine proliferation assays, respectively. H37Rv-infected alveolar and monocyte-derived macrophages were cocultured with autologous T-Regs and purified protein derivative (PPD) preprimed T-Reg-depleted effector cells. Mycobacterial containment was evaluated by counting CFUs.In blood and BAL T-Reg levels were higher in TB versus LTBI (P < 0.04), and in TB the frequency of T-Regs was significantly higher in BAL versus blood (P < 0.001). T-Reg-mediated suppression of T-cell proliferation in blood and BAL was concentration-dependent. Restriction of mycobacterial growth in infected alveolar and monocyte-derived macrophages was significantly diminished, and by up to 50%, when T-Regs were cocultured with PPD-primed CD4(+) effector T cells. The levels of CD8(+) T-Regs (CD8(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)), IL-17-producing T-Regs (IL-17(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)), and IL-17-producing T cells were similar in BAL-TB versus BAL-LTBI. Within the TB group compartmentalization of responses was prominent (T-Reg, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-17, and IL-22 significantly higher in BAL vs. blood).In patients with TB the alveolar compartment is enriched for CD4(+) T-Regs. Peripheral blood-derived T-Regs decrease the ability of alveolar and monocyte-derived macrophages to restrict the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence of effector cells. Collectively, these data suggest that CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T-Regs subvert antimycobacterial immunity in human TB.
Expression of angiotensin II receptors in human left and right atrial tissue in atrial fibrillation with and without underlying mitral valve disease
Authors: Andreas Boldt, Ulrike Wetzel, Josef Weigl, Jens Garbade, Jörg Lauschke, Gerhard Hindricks, Hans Kottkamp, Jan Fritz Gummert, Stefan Dhein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The GPEP Report: I. Preparation for Medical School
Authors: JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Editorials1 July 1985The GPEP Report: I. Preparation for Medical SchoolJEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-1-138 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe recently released examination of American medical education by the Association of American Medical Colleges, conducted by a distinguished panel and known as the GPEP Report (1), has already elicited notice and comment in this journal (2, 3). The report, in part, addresses baccalaureate education in relation to medical school admissions policies and in this connection makes five recommendations:1. All college and university students should be required to study broadly the natural and social sciences and the humanities.2. Medical faculties should require only essential courses and should cease recommending additional courses beyond these.3. College faculties should make...References1. Physicians for the Twenty-First Century: The GPEP Report: Report of the Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician and College Preparation for Medicine. Washington, D.C: Association of American Medical Colleges; 1984. Google Scholar2. Excerpts from Physicians for the Twenty-First Century: report of the Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician and College Preparation for Medicine, Association of American Medical Colleges. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:870-2. LinkGoogle Scholar3. HUTH E. The humanities, science, and the medical curriculum [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:864-5. LinkGoogle Scholar4. WARREN K. The humanities in medical education. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:627-701. LinkGoogle Scholar5. THOMAS L. Notes of a biology-watcher: how to fix the premedical curriculum. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1180-1. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. ZELEZNIK C, HOJAT M, and VELOSKI J. Baccalaureate preparation for medical school: does type of degree make a difference? J Med Educ. 1983;58:26-33. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. BARONDESS J. The doctor, the patient, and the system: reflections on education for clinical careers. Perspect Biol Med. 1983;26:261-73. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JEREMIAH A. BARONDESS, M.D.Affiliations: New York Hospital—Cornell Medical Center New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by我が国の医学教育のこれまでと将来RéférencesAnatomy: Spotlight on Africa revisitedReview of Problem Solving in Clinical MedicinePAUL CUTLER, M.D.Shakespeare or Krebs?: Premedical EducationHARVEY G. OUZTS, M.D., HILLARY R. NEWLAND, M.D. 1 July 1985Volume 103, Issue 1 Page: 138-139 Keywords Medical education ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of Clinical Assessment With APACHE II for Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients Admitted to a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: James A. Kruse
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) system has been widely used as an objective means of predicting outcome in critically ill patients. We prospectively evaluated patients consecutively admitted to the medical intensive care unit to compare the predictive accuracy of APACHE II with clinical assessment by critical care personnel. At the time of admission to the intensive care unit, the house staff and nurse responsible for each patient were asked to estimate the patient's hospital mortality risk. The patient's APACHE II score was calculated and a prediction of the patient's hospital mortality risk was then computed on the basis of this score. A total of 366 patients were studied. Mortality predictions were obtained from 57 physicians and 33 critical care nurses. We were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in the accuracy of APACHE II predictions compared with either physicians' or nurses' predictions. Clinical assessment and APACHE II were both highly predictive of outcome.
Occurrence of myelodysplastic syndrome in 2 patients with reticular dysgenesis
Authors: Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Bénédicte Neven, Emmanuelle Six, Capucine Picard, Corinne Demerens-de Chappedelaine, Yves Bertrand, Nada Jabado, Christine Chomienne, Isabelle Radford-Weiss, Chantal Brouzes, Vahid Asnafi, Elizabeth MacIntyre, Jean Donadieu, Blandine Beaupain, Pierre Fenaux, Virginie Eclache, Alain Fischer, Marina Cavazzana-Calvo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Occupational Therapy and Outcomes for Older Adults
Authors: Francesco Luigi Landi, Roberto Bernabei, Giovanni Gambassi
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High counts of normal melanocytic naevi are a risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: J. English, Rona M. Mackie, C. O'Doherty, J.A.A. Hunter, Jeanette Clark, A.J. Swbrdlow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

We have carried out a case control study on 200 patients presenting in the past 3 years with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma and 200 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Total body melanocytic naevus counts were performed on all 400 subjects by four trained dermatologists. Analysis was by stratum matched logistic regression, with stratum matching for age, sex and city of treatment. Each variable was adjusted for the other risk factors found in the study, such as hair and eye colour, skin type, amount of UV exposure and episodes of acute sunburn. Substantially increased risk of malignant melanoma was found for persons with large numbers of normal benign melanocytic naevi, with any moles larger than 7 mm in diameter, and also with irregular edges and colour variation in moles—the so‐called dysplastic naevi. The number of moles present on the same anatomical areas as the tumour (arms, legs, trunk, face, head and neck, and palms and soles) was a stronger predictor of melanoma incidence than was the total number of body moles. The relationship of histology and Breslow thickness of melanoma to site, sex, age and number of naevi will also be presented. Our results show that a very high‐risk group for melanoma can now be identified and these patients should be advised about avoiding excessive sun exposure and the early recognition of cutaneous melanoma.
Health authority forced to publish private contract for hospital build
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A Scottish health authority has failed to prevent details being publicly released of a private contract to build one of the United Kingdom's most expensive hospitals.

NHS Lothian has been ordered under Freedom of Information legislation to release the contract it signed with a private consortium to build and maintain the £184m (€263m; $378m) Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. 

The hospital, which was opened in 2003, is one of the biggest to have been built under the private finance initiative, now known as public private …