tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction in humans. Reversal by calcium channel blockade but not by nitrovasodilators or endothelium-derived relaxing factor.
Authors: W Kiowski, T F Lüscher, L Linder, F R Bühler
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The vascular effects of endothelin-1 (ET) in humans were investigated by brachial artery infusions of ET into 25 healthy volunteers. Forearm blood flow increased from a mean +/- SD value of 2.3 +/- 1.5 to 2.5 +/- 1.5 ml/min/100 ml forearm tissue (n = 25, p less than 0.05) in response to low dose (0.5 ng/min/100 ml forearm tissue) ET infusion and decreased to 1.78 +/- 1.3 and 1.1 +/- 0.9 ml/min/100 ml forearm tissue (p less than 0.001) during higher dosages (25 and 50 ng/min/100 ml forearm tissue). Sodium nitroprusside (0.6 micrograms/min/100 ml forearm tissue, n = 6), acetylcholine (16 micrograms/min/100 ml forearm tissue, n = 7), nifedipine (6 micrograms/min/100 ml forearm tissue, n = 6), and verapamil (80 micrograms/min/100 ml forearm tissue, n = 6) were infused alone and in combination with ET to evaluate the interactions between ET-induced vasoconstriction and stimulation of vascular muscle cyclic GMP levels by sodium nitroprusside, release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor by acetylcholine, and blockade of voltage-operated calcium channels by nifedipine and verapamil. Neither the vasodilator nor the vasoconstrictor response to ET was influenced by sodium nitroprusside or acetylcholine. In contrast, both calcium antagonists converted ET-induced vasoconstriction (e.g., delta forearm vascular resistance to ET 50 ng/min/100 ml forearm tissue, 151 +/- 100% and 164 +/- 92% in verapamil and nifedipine groups, respectively) to vasodilation (-35 +/- 12% and -21 +/- 16%, p less than 0.05). Our results demonstrate both ET-induced vasodilation (at low dosages) and vasoconstriction (at high dosages) in resistance vessels of normal humans. Blockade of voltage-operated calcium channels prevented ET-induced vasoconstriction and unmasked the vasodilator effect of high ET dosages. In human resistance vessels, blockade of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels but not cyclic GMP-dependent vasodilation may be an effective tool to inhibit ET-induced vasoconstriction.
COMMON CAUSES OF DISCHARGE FROM THE EARS, AND ITS TREATMENT
Authors: W. M. Mollison
Journal: BMJ (1910)

DISCHARGE from the ears is a subject of considerable impfrtance, partioularly now, when the inspection of school children is rigorously carried out, and hundreds of children suffering from otorrhoea are to be treated.A domplete list of causes of aural discharge I shall not attemt, but intend only to deal with those that-may be met with daily.Cases of discharge from the ears may be simply divided into two classes: (1) Non-purulent; (2) Purulent.Of these the former is small compared to the latter, and will be briefly dealt with 1irst.
Generation of Engraftable Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Way of Teratoma Formation
Authors: Nao Suzuki, Satoshi Yamazaki, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Motohito Okabe, Hideki Masaki, Satoshi Takaki, Makoto Otsu, Hiromitsu Nakauchi
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

In vitro generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has the potential to provide novel therapeutic approaches for replacing bone marrow (BM) transplantation without rejection or graft versus host disease. Hitherto, however, it has proved difficult to generate truly functional HSCs transplantable to adult host mice. Here, we demonstrate a unique in vivo differentiation system yielding engraftable HSCs from mouse and human iPSCs in teratoma-bearing animals in combination with a maneuver to facilitate hematopoiesis. In mice, we found that iPSC-derived HSCs migrate from teratomas into the BM and their intravenous injection into irradiated recipients resulted in multilineage and long-term reconstitution of the hematolymphopoietic system in serial transfers. Using this in vivo generation system, we could demonstrate that X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) mice can be treated by HSCs derived from gene-corrected clonal iPSCs. It should also be noted that neither leukemia nor tumors were observed in recipients after transplantation of iPSC-derived HSCs. Taken our findings together, our system presented in this report should provide a useful tool not only for the study of HSCs, but also for practical application of iPSCs in the treatment of hematologic and immunologic diseases.
Re: Jehonathan H. Pinthus, Nir Kleinmann, Britton Tisdale, et al. Lower Plasma Adiponectin Levels Are Associated with Larger Tumor Size and Metastasis in Clear-Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney. Eur Urol 2008;54:866–74
Authors: Shailendra Kapoor
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Abstract B70: Targeting the Tie2/angiopoietin signaling pathway in glioblastoma
Authors: Karl H. Plate, Alexander Scholz, Patrick Harter, Michel Mittelbronn, Paul van Slyke, Dan Dumont, Yvonne Reiss
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Angiogenesis inhibitors have evolved in the past decade as one of the most promising biology based therapeutic strategies. Promising pre-clinical studies (published in 1993 and 1994) provided proof of principle that blocking of VEGF dramatically inhibits tumor growth. These observations led to the successful development of inhibitors for VEGF and VEGF receptors by various pharmaceutical companies. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody neutralizing VEGF, was the first-in class drug to achieve FDA approval for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma in 2004 and later on in other cancer types, including glioblastoma. Anti-VEGF therapy led to an increase in progression free survival in recurrent and primary GBM, but its role in first-line treatment is less clear. Importantly, several preclinical studies suggested that resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy might evolve in the course of the treatment due to an infiltration of specially polarized myeloid cells. In order to define new therapeutic options for anti-angiogenic therapy we investigated the Tie2/Angiopoietin (Angpt) signaling pathway in human and murine glioblastomas. In more than 200 human brain tumor specimens investigated, Angpt2 protein expression was found to be up-regulated in tumor endothelial cells whereas it was absent in the normal brain. Further, Angpt2 expression levels correlated with WHO grade as well as the number of infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. Notably, transgenic mice with endothelial cell-specific expression of Angpt2 showed a significant higher number of infiltrating myeloid cells, thus corroborating our findings in human GBM. These findings suggest, that Angpt signaling links inflammation and angiogenesis in GBM and may thus provides a therapeutic target. In a GL261 orthotopic syngeneic glioma model, interference with Angpt signaling with pharmacologic agents and peptide-based blockers of Angpt2, lead to a significant increase in survival, increased pericyte coverage and altered myeloid cell/T-cell composition. Combining anti-Angpt with anti-VEGF based therapies showed synergistic effects. These findings argue for targeting the Tie2/Angpt signalling pathways in human GBM, either alone or in combination with anti-VEGF therapies. Citation Format: Karl H. Plate, Alexander Scholz, Patrick Harter, Michel Mittelbronn, Paul van Slyke, Dan Dumont, Yvonne Reiss. Targeting the Tie2/angiopoietin signaling pathway in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B70. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-B70
Capsule Endoscopy Findings in Celiac Disease Associated Enteropathy-Type Intestinal T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: A. M. Joyce, D. L. Burns, P. W. Marcello, B. Tronic, F. J. Scholz
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Capsule endoscopy is a new technology developed to investigate diseases of the small intestine. It has been shown to be superior to current modalities such as small-bowel radiography and enteroscopy. We describe a patient with long-standing celiac disease who presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss, after many years on a gluten-free diet. The symptom complex and results from small-bowel radiography and computerized tomography raised concern about progression to lymphoma, and ultimately a laparoscopy and small-bowel resection were done for diagnosis. A capsule endoscopy was performed to assess the extent of the patient's enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma after three cycles of chemotherapy. We report the first use of capsule endoscopy in the setting of celiac disease associated enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma. These endoscopic findings are correlated with those from gross and microscopic pathology and barium small-bowel radiography.
Endoscopic Procedures in the Treatment of Urologic Disorders in Children*
Authors: H. Osterhage
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

Cystoscopy has been a well established procedure in adult urology for years and more recently for the endoscopic evaluation of the lower urinary tract of infants and children. Utilizing small caliber cold light endoscopes and resectoscopes, therapeutic manipulations are readily possible. Among these are extraction of ureteral stones, lithotripsy of bladder calculi, transurethral resection of bladder tumors, as well as transurethral incision and resection of bladder-neck obstructions, urethral valves and urethral stenoses. The excellent results obtained in the treatment of infravesical urinary obstruction have contributed to the importance of transurethral surgery in pediatric urology.
Anti-inflammatory effects of an inflammatory chemokine: CCL2 inhibits lymphocyte homing by modulation of CCL21-triggered integrin-mediated adhesions
Authors: Liat Flaishon, Gili Hart, Einat Zelman, Christine Moussion, Valentin Grabovsky, Guy Lapidot Tal, Sara Feigelson, Raanan Margalit, Alon Harmelin, Tamar Avin-Wittenberg, David Shoseyov, Ronen Alon, Jean-Philippe Girard, Idit Shachar
Journal: Blood (2008)
Cocaine Regulates MEF2 to Control Synaptic and Behavioral Plasticity
Authors: Suprabha Pulipparacharuvil, William Renthal, Carly F. Hale, Makoto Taniguchi, Guanghua Xiao, Arvind Kumar, Scott J. Russo, Devanjan Sikder, Colleen M. Dewey, Maya M. Davis, Paul Greengard, Angus C. Nairn, Eric J. Nestler, Christopher W. Cowan
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Dual targeting of mTORC1/C2 complexes enhances histone deacetylase inhibitor-mediated anti-tumor efficacy in primary HCC cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Huanjie Shao, Chun Gao, Haikuo Tang, Hao Zhang, Lewis R. Roberts, Bonnie L. Hylander, Elizabeth A. Repasky, Wen W. Ma, Jingxin Qiu, Alex A. Adjei, Grace K. Dy, Chunrong Yu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Dorsal column stimulation in multiple sclerosis.
Authors: F Lortie-Monette
Journal: BMJ (1980)

most obese (41 /0), both considerably higher than the mean for those of average weight (2 7%).This finding raises the question of the effect of weight changes within the average range on mortality.Any weight changes recorded prospectively in individuals in our study did not change the weight status of any individual patient to such a degree that they should be classified in a different weight cate- gory.We therefore do not agree that with this compound patients will be paying a high price in terms of significant weight increases.
Internal and external validity of cluster randomised trials: systematic review of recent trials
Authors: Sandra Eldridge, Deborah Ashby, Catherine Bennett, Melanie Wakelin, Gene Feder
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objectives</b> To assess aspects of the internal validity of recently published cluster randomised trials and explore the reporting of information useful in assessing the external validity of these trials. <b>Design</b> Review of 34 cluster randomised trials in primary care published in 2004 and 2005 in seven journals (<i>British Medical Journal</i>, <i>British Journal of General Practice</i>, <i>Family Practice</i>, <i>Preventive Medicine</i>, <i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>, <i>Journal of General Internal Medicine</i>, <i>Pediatrics</i>). <b>Data sources</b> National Library of Medicine (Medline) via PubMed. <b>Data extraction</b> To assess aspects of internal validity we extracted data on appropriateness of sample size calculations and analyses, methods of identifying and recruiting individual participants, and blinding. To explore reporting of information useful in assessing external validity we extracted data on cluster eligibility, cluster inclusion and retention, cluster generalisability, and the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to health providers in clusters. <b>Results</b> 21 (62%) trials accounted for clustering in sample size calculations and 30 (88%) in the analysis; about a quarter were potentially biased because of procedures surrounding recruitment and identification of patients; individual participants were blind to allocation status in 19 (56%) and outcome assessors were blind in 15 (44%). In almost half the reports, information relating to generalisability of clusters was poorly reported, and in two fifths there was no information about the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. <b>Conclusions</b> Cluster randomised trials are essential for evaluating certain types of interventions. Issues affecting their internal validity, such as appropriate sample size calculations and analysis, have been widely disseminated and are now better addressed by researchers. Blinding of those identifying and recruiting patients to allocation status is recommended but is not always carried out. There may be fewer barriers to internal validity in trials in which individual participants are not recruited. External validity seems poorly addressed in many trials, yet is arguably as important as internal validity in judging quality as a basis for healthcare intervention.
Non–Evidence-Based ICD Implantations in the United States
Authors: Sana M. Al-Khatib, Anne Hellkamp, Jeptha Curtis, Daniel Mark, Eric Peterson, Gillian D. Sanders, Paul A. Heidenreich, Adrian F. Hernandez, Lesley H. Curtis, Stephen Hammill
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Practice guidelines do not recommend use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention in patients recovering from a myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass graft surgery and those with severe heart failure symptoms or a recent diagnosis of heart failure.To determine the number, characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes of patients who receive a non-evidence-based ICD and examine the distribution of these implants by site, physician specialty, and year of procedure.Retrospective cohort study of cases submitted to the National Cardiovascular Data Registry-ICD Registry between January 1, 2006, and June 30, 2009.In-hospital outcomes.Of 111,707 patients, 25,145 received non-evidence-based ICD implants (22.5%). Patients who received a non-evidence-based ICD compared with those who received an evidence-based ICD had a significantly higher risk of in-hospital death (0.57% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.48%-0.66%] vs 0.18% [95% CI, 0.15%-0.20%]; P <.001) and any postprocedure complication (3.23% [95% CI, 3.01%-3.45%] vs 2.41% [95% CI, 2.31%-2.51%]; P <.001). There was substantial variation in non-evidence-based ICDs by site. The rate of non-evidence-based ICD implants was significantly lower for electrophysiologists (20.8%; 95% CI, 20.5%-21.1%) than nonelectrophysiologists (24.8% [95% CI, 24.2%-25.3%] for nonelectrophysiologist cardiologists; 36.1% [95% CI, 34.3%-38.0%] for thoracic surgeons; and 24.9% [95% CI, 23.8%-25.9%] for other specialties) (P<.001 for all comparisons). There was no clear decrease in the rate of non-evidence-based ICDs over time (24.5% [6908/28,233] in 2006, 21.8% [7395/33,965] in 2007, 22.0% [7245/32,960] in 2008, and 21.7% [3597/16,549] in 2009; P <.001 for trend from 2006-2009 and P = .94 for trend from 2007-2009).Among patients with ICD implants in this registry, 22.5% did not meet evidence-based criteria for implantation.
Review: In primary care, screening with the GAD-7 detected anxiety disorder; the PHQ detected panic disorder
Authors: Rodger Kessler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Herr NR, Williams JW Jr, Benjamin S, McDuffie J. Does this patient have generalized anxiety or panic disorder? The Rational Clinical Examination systematic review. JAMA. 2014;312:78-84. 25058220
Necrotising tongue and skin lesions in temporal arteritis: follow up of a case with a possible iatrogenic factor.
Authors: S J Siemssen, O D Larsen, A McNair
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Une malade presentant des douleurs musculaires dans le cou, les epaules et la mâchoire, une vitesse de sedimentation augmentee et des arteres temporales douloureuses a la pression est soumise a une biopsie d'artere temporale sous anesthesie locale. Peu apres se developpent des lesions necrotiques tres serieuses de la langue, de la levre, des gencives. L'histologie de la biopsie montre une arterite a cellules geantes, le traitement par corticoides donne d'assez bons resultats mais les necroses demandent des traitements plastiques complexes et des sequelles persistent. La biopsie semble avoir precipite les complications et les corticoides auraient du etre administres plus tot
Peptic Ulcer in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Donald B. Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Gastric ulcers developed in four patients with myasthenia gravis while they were receiving therapy for their myasthenia. A conservative regimen healed the ulcers in two patients, and two required surgical procedures. A combination of etiologic factors seemed to be responsible for the development of ulceration in these patients. It is desirable to attempt a medical, rather than surgical, cure of the ulcers in such patients; however, if proper precautions are taken, complications of surgical treatment need not occur.
Cardiovascular Effects of Alcohol
Authors: JAMES P. KNOCHEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Chronic alcoholism is the commonest cause of cardiomyopathy in the United States. Vascular hypertension and cerebrovascular accidents also occur with greater incidence in chronic alcoholics. Evidence suggests that the fundamental mechanism of injury induced by ethanol is structural and chemical disorganization of membranes, interference with ion transport, and derangement of various biochemical functions that possibly allow calcium to accumulate in the cell. Calcium accumulation in vascular smooth muscle may increase sensitivity to circulating vasopressors, and account for the increased incidence of hypertension in chronic alcoholics. Calcium accumulation may also cause problems in other tissues. The mechanisms for these complications of chronic alcoholism and their clinical relevance are reviewed.
Aspirin-Induced Prolongation of Bleeding Time and Perioperative Blood Loss
Authors: Philip C. Amrein
Journal: JAMA (1981)

One hundred twenty-nine patients undergoing total hip replacement were treated with aspirin at a level of either 300 mg four times a day (1.2 g/day) or 900 mg four times a day (3.6 g/day). Baseline bleeding times before aspirin treatment averaged 4.18 +/- 1.44 minutes. Two hours after 300 mg and 900 mg of aspirin, the bleeding times were 5.83 +/- 1.88 and 5.72 +/- 1.57 minutes, respectively. After three to five days of aspirin therapy at 1.2 g/day and 3.6 g/day, the bleeding times were 6.27 +/- 2.27 and 6.43 +/- 2.11 minutes, respectively. The bleeding times for all the aspirin-treated groups were longer than baseline times. No paradoxical shortening of the bleeding time was noted at the 3.6-g/day dose. Perioperative blood loss for those receiving aspirin was not increased in six of eight subsets by operation and anesthesia when compared with historical control subjects. Neither a bleeding time greater than ten minutes nor a prolongation of the bleeding time by aspirin of more than four minutes over baseline bleeding times was associated with increased perioperative blood loss.
[791] HCV ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AND RESISTANCE ANALYSIS IN CHRONICALLY INFECTED CHIMPANZEES TREATED WITH NS3/4A PROTEASE AND NS5B POLYMERASE INHIBITORS
Authors: D.B. Olsen, S.S. Carroll, L. Handt, S. Ludmerer, D. Graham, C. Fandozzi, J. DeLuca, N. Liverton, J. Vacca, D. Hazuda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Human Thrombin in Hemorrhage
Authors: Joseph A. Buckwalter
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> An unfortunate error appears in the paper entitled, "Hemorrhage—Anticipation and Control," which appeared in the Sept. 10, 1960, issue ofThe Journal. On page 153 the statement is made, "Human thrombin (Fibrindex) has no advantage over bovine thrombin and carries the risk of causing viral hepatitis because it is prepared from pooled human plasma." The implication is that this product, Fibrindex, has been developed for therapeutic use. In point of fact, this product is in no way intended for parenteral use, but is meant rather for the diagnosis of hypofibrinogenemia. Perhaps it will be possible for you to publish a statement which would clarify this point, thus preventing any members of the medical profession from being misled and correcting any injustice that might be forthcoming to the manufacturer.
Efficient Genotyping for Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Elizabeth S. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Closet Beckons
Authors: Eric A. Ravitz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

She asked impulsively, "You, why do you stay here?" "I have the village virus." "It sounds dangerous." "It is. More dangerous than the cancer that will certainly get me at fifty, unless I stop smoking." Sinclair Lewis,<i>Main Street</i> "I can't believe this trend, I just can't. It's ridiculous. Why, the next thing you know smokers will be required to wear a big red letter 'S' on their chests. Nonsmoking areas in restaurants, airplanes, hotels, office buildings, hospitals: where is it going to end?" "Why are you so fired up, Gordo? You can still smoke." "Yeah, sure, but I'm being forced into a closet. It seems to me there's an incredible vacuum in the proverbial closet that has to be filled. When one social group is granted permission by society to exit, another group is forced in to fill the void. Let me ask you this: what's so bad about
Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistula in a Congenital Lumbar Meningocele Revealed by Radionuclide Cisternography
Authors: RA´UL MART´INEZ-L´AZARO, ANABEL CORT´ES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

An unusual case of lumbar meningocele was identified by radionuclide cisternography after a cerebrospinal fluid fistula developed after trauma. MRI confirmed the existence of a nontraumatic lumbar meningocele, which was previously unknown, but it failed to show the cerebrospinal fluid leak.