tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A CASE OF WRY-NECK FOLLOWING INFANTILE PARALYSIS: TREATMENT: RESULT
Authors: F. Hernaman-Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1911)

WRY-NECK FOLLOWING INFANTILE PARALYSIS.[T Ba 65! remove the articular cartilages of the navicular and cuboid and to take particular care to get and to maintain accurate bony apposition.When the tibialis anticus is completely paralysed it is hardly worth while to transplant it, and in certain patients who lhave been already submitted to multiple tenotomies for congenital talipes, the tendon may not be long enougl for transplantation into the cuboid, but the gap may be bridged by means of silk threads.For the accompanying illustrations of two of my cases I am much indebted to the photographer at Guy's Hospital.
CASE OF DIFFICULT LABOUR FROM HYDROCEPHALUS
Authors: J. B. Prowse
Journal: BMJ (1854)

1GmAL, COMMUCATIQON.gh ad log should Hie on the injured side, with the t; beat on the abdomen, and the leg on the thigh.It is 4w important to note-a fact too often overlooked-that a called to his aid splints, which he tied loosely, it is true.bUt which he rendered much more efficient by having of such length as to include both the joint above and the one below the seat of fracture, very justly inveighing against splints which do not fulfil this condition.
Impact of Immigration on the Molecular Epidemiology of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in a Low-Incidence Country
Authors: Ulf R. Dahle, Vegard Eldholm, Brita A. Winje, Turid Mannsåker, Einar Heldal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Programs to prevent the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) from increasing in many low-incidence countries are challenged by international travel and immigration from high-burden countries.The current study aimed to determine the effect of such immigration on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in an entire nation's population during 1994-2005.A total of 3,131 patients were notified with TB during the 12-year period. Of these, 2,284 (73%) had TB verified by culture, and isolates from 2,173 (96%) of these were analyzed by IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism.Only 31% of the included strains were isolated from nonimmigrants, the remaining 69% were isolated from immigrants. Although the incidence increased throughout the period, the genetic diversity remained high. A total of 135 clusters were identified; the percentage of recent disease was reduced among nonimmigrants, and remained stable among the immigrants during the study period. Although 69% of the isolates originated from immigrants from high-incidence countries, the established TB control program in the receiving country was adequate for the prevention of disease transmission. On average per year, only 2 nonimmigrants and 13 immigrants developed disease as a result of infection within the country by imported M. tuberculosis.Twelve years of M. tuberculosis importation as a result of immigration from high-incidence countries had little influence on the transmission of this pathogen in the receiving low-incidence country. To prevent future increase of transmission of TB, the current control strategies of low-incidence countries are adequate but must be maintained.
Why There Will Be Little or No Physician Surplus between Now and the Year 2000
Authors: W B Schwartz, F A Sloan, D N Mendelson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Abstract Most observers think that by the year 2000 there will be a considerable surplus of physicians in the United States. In this paper we present a new framework for estimating the future balance between supply and demand with respect to physicians' services. Our analysis suggests that even if competitive medical plans serve approximately half the population by the year 2000, there will probably be little or no physician surplus. Moreover, if a slight surplus should occur, it is likely to be largely erased by increased involvement of physicians in administrative activities and a variety of nontraditional clinical activities that currently occupy little of a physician's time. Our prediction of little or no surplus could be altered appreciably, however, by two forces that would have opposite effects: an acceleration of technological change would increase demand beyond our projections, whereas widespread rationing of beneficial services would constrain the demand for physicians' services. (N Engl J Med 1988; 318:892–7.)
How to beautify your old hospital.
Authors: J H Baron
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key gene regulator for cellular adaptation to low oxygen. In addition to hypoxia, several nonhypoxic stimuli, including hormones and growth factors, are an essential part for cell-specific HIF-1 regulation. Our studies have highlighted angiotensin II (AngII), a vasoactive hormone, as a potent HIF-1 activator in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). AngII increases HIF-1 transcriptional activity by modulating specific signaling pathways. In VSMC, p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation is essential for HIF-1-mediated transcription during AngII treatment. The present study shows that PD184161, a potent MEK1/2 inhibitor, is a HIF-1 blocker in Ang II-treated VSMC. Unlike PD98059, a widely-used MEK1/2 inhibitor, we found that PD184161 blocked AngII-driven HIF-1α protein induction in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the effect of PD184161 was specific to nonhypoxic activators, since HIF-1α induction by hypoxia (1% O2) was unaffected under similar conditions. VSMC treatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, indicated that PD184161 influenced HIF-1α protein stability. PD184161 also increased HIF-1α binding to VHL, a E3 ligase component and an indication of HIF-1α hydroxylation. Finally, we show that PD184161 blocked mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production and cellular ATP levels, while enhancing ascorbate availability in AngII-treated VSMC. Taken together, our study indicates that, independently of p42/p44MAPK activation, PD184161 blocks mtROS generation by AngII, leading to reestablishment of cellular ascorbate levels, increased VHL binding and decreased HIF-1α stability. Therefore, this study reveals a previously unsuspected role for PD184161 as a HIF-1 inhibitor in VSMC under nonhypoxic conditions.
Abstract 2447: Novel TLR4-Nanog stemness pathway in liver cancer stem cells confers resistance to TGF-β-mediated tumor suppression through YAP1 and IGF2BP3-AKT-mTOR
Authors: Keigo Machida, Chia-Lin Chen, Claudine Kashiwabara, Jian-Chang Liu, Douglas Feldman, Jeong Joseph Hyeongnam, Hidekazu Tsukamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) confer resistance to chemotherapy and are associated with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly observed in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with alcohol abuse. We recently identified pluripotency marker Nanog is induced by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal activated by alcohol-associated endotoxemia in CD133+/CD49f+ CSCs from liver cancers in HCV Ns5a transgenic mice fed alcohol. We propose the novel oncogenic TLR4 signaling reciprocally regulates tumor suppressive TGF-β pathway. Molecular mechanisms for the genesis of CSCs through TLR4 signaling and defective TGF-β pathway, however, are unknown. CD133+/CD49f+ CSCs were isolated from liver tumors of alcohol-fed HCV Ns5a Tg mice. Lentiviral cDNA library were established from the CSCs for screening genes responsible for defective TGF-β signaling. GFP-labeled CSCs were injected in nude or NOG mice with or without genetic manipulation of TGF-β signaling components or newly identified genes to monitor tumor growth. Interactions of proteins encoded by identified genes with TGF-β pathway components were examined. Here we demonstrate TLR4/Nanog-dependent CSCs are indeed defective in TGF-β signaling. Functional oncogene screening of a cDNA library identified the organ size control pathway target Yap1 and AKT activator Igf2bp3 as Nanog-dependent genes that inhibit TGF-β signaling in CSCs through Yap1/Smad7/Smad3 association and suppressed Smad3 phospho-activation due to AKT-mTOR pathway, respectively. Silencing of both Yap1 and Igf2bp3 restores TGF-β signaling, inhibits pluripotency gene expression, and sensitizes CSCs to autophagy and cell death by the conventional chemotherapy (rapamycin and sorafenib). Therefore, a combined therapy targeting both YAP1 and AKT-mTOR pathways to restore TGF-β pathway should improve therapeutic efficacy for HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2447. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2447
"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CERTAIN PRODUCTS OF METABOLISM AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION"
Authors: Alfred C. Croftan
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In Dr. Major's article inThe Journal(July 12, p. 81), he quotes Shaw as saying that "so far, to date, no metabolite has been discovered which is pressor in type," and continues: "I have succeeded I believe, in demonstrating that there is a metabolite which is pressor in type and produces a sustained rise in blood pressure, unequaled by any hitherto described substance." He then describes a series of experiments to show that the guanidin bases have a powerful pressor effect. In an article that I published in 1900, "The Rôle of the Alloxuric Bases in the Production of the Cardiovascular Changes of Nephritis" (<i>Am. J. M. Sc</i>., November, 1900) I said: "The production of an endarteritis in the renal arterioles by the alloxuric bases led us to investigate the effect of these substances on the systemic blood vessels, the heart and the arterial pressure.... Their
Increased Nitration of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> -ATPase in Human Heart Failure
Authors: Andrew J. Lokuta, Nathan A. Maertz, Sivan Vadakkadath Meethal, Katherine T. Potter, Timothy J. Kamp, Héctor H. Valdivia, Robert A. Haworth
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA2a isoform) activity is a major determinant of reduced contractility in heart failure. Ca 2+ -ATPase inactivation can occur through SERCA2a nitration. We therefore investigated the role of SERCA2a nitration in heart failure. Methods and Results— We measured SERCA2a levels and nitrotyrosine levels in tissue from normal and failing human hearts using Western blots. We found that nitrotyrosine levels in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathic (DCM) hearts were almost double those of control hearts in age-matched groups. Nitrotyrosine was dominantly present in a single protein with the molecular weight of SERCA2a, and immunoprecipitation confirmed that the protein recognized by the nitrotyrosine antibody was SERCA2a. There was a positive correlation between the time to half relaxation and the nitrotyrosine/SERCA2a content ( P &lt;0.01) in myocytes isolated from control and DCM hearts. In experiments with isolated SR vesicles from porcine hearts, we also showed that the Ca pump is inactivated by peroxynitrite exposure, and inactivation was prevented by protein kinase A pretreatment. Conclusions— We conclude that SERCA2a inactivation by nitration may contribute to Ca pump failure and hence heart failure in DCM.
Thomas Loftus Townshend Lewis
Authors: Tim Coltart, John Lewis, Anthony Kenny
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist London (b 1918; q Cambridge 1942; FRCS, MRCOG), died on 9 April 2004​2004




Figure 1




Thomas was appointed consultant at Guy's Hospital just before the formation of the National Health Service in 1948, and two years later at Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital for Women. He wrote three text books, and Progress in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology became a world classic. He served three times on the Council of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists; he was its honorary secretary between 1961 and 1968, and senior vice president from 1975 to 1978. He was president of the obstetric section of the Royal Society of Medicine. He served in the Royal Army Medical Corps, and he was consultant gynaecologist to the army and examiner to several universities. He was awarded a CBE for his contributions to his specialty. He captained and was the president of the Guy's rugby team, and he was selected for England. He leaves a wife, and five children.
Eczema and Molluscum Contagiosum
Authors: Stanley Hoyt Block
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To  Editor.—  I read with interest a recent article describing six infants and children with preexisting eczema who developed molluscum contagiosum. 1 The author found that  lesions of molluscum contagiosum were predominantly present on areas of active eczema, and raised  possibility that topical corticosteroid therapy might play a role in such a distribution. Gellis thought that the use of topical corticosteroid therapy is  major factor in  association noted by  author between eczema and molluscum contagiosum, but this is no certainty. 2   I recently saw a 4-year-old girl with preexisting eczema in whom molluscum contagiosum developed. However, despite  fact that she was being treated with topical corticosteroid cream for eczema,  lesions of molluscum contagiosum were not distributed in  areas of  eczema. Her eczema was mainly on  arms and legs, whereas  lesions of molluscum contagiosum were mostly on  trunk.
75 KERATIN 19 EXPRESSION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IS CORRELATED WITH POSTOPERATIVE TUMOUR RECURRENCE AND METASTASIS MARKERS
Authors: B. Spee, O. Govaere, A. Durnez, S. Vander Borght, C. Verslype, R. Aerts, B. Topal, J. Pirenne, F. Nevens, V.J. Desmet, T. Roskams
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein Overexpression: A Feature Associated with Negative Prognosis in Never Smokers with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hye-Sook Seo, Diane D. Liu, B. Nebiyou Bekele, Mi-Kyoung Kim, Katherine Pisters, Scott M. Lippman, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Ja Seok Koo
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advances in targeted therapies hold promise for the development of new treatments for certain subsets of cancer patients by targeting specific signaling molecule. Based on the identification of the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) as an important regulator of growth of several types of cancers and our recent findings of its importance in normal differentiation of bronchial epithelial cells, we hypothesized that CREB plays an important pathobiologic role in lung carcinogenesis. We conducted this initial study to determine whether the expression and activation status of CREB are altered in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and of any prognostic importance in NSCLC patients. We found that the expression levels of mRNA and protein of CREB and phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) were significantly higher in most of the NSCLC cell lines and tumor specimens than in the normal human tracheobronchial epithelial cells and adjacent normal lung tissue, respectively. Analysis of CREB mRNA expression and the CREB gene copy number showed that CREB overexpression occurred mainly at the transcriptional level. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarray slides containing sections of NSCLC specimens obtained from 310 patients showed that a decreased survival duration was significantly associated with overexpression of CREB or p-CREB in never smokers but not in current or former smokers with NSCLC. These are the first reported results illustrating the potential of CREB as a molecular target for the prevention and treatment of NSCLC, especially in never smokers. [Cancer Res 2008;68(15):6065–73]
Prenatal Smoking Linked to Digit Defects
Authors: T. Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
166 HEPATIC VEIN TRANSIT TIME USING A MICROBUBBLE CONTRAST ENHANCED ULTRASONOGRAPHY CAN ASSESS THE SEVERITY OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION NON-INVASIVELY IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: M.Y. Kim, S.K. Baik, H.K. Jeon, H.J. Park, S.Y. Park, B.R. Kim, J.H. Hong, K.W. Jo, Y.J. Kim, G.J. Cheon, Y.D. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
GMENAC, AMA Policy, and the Pitfalls of Parkinson
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The caldron boils on how many doctors would be excessive, insufficient, or enough for this society. Immigrant foreign medical graduates in huge numbers (around 21% of total MDs) now populate the clinics and hospitals of the inner cities and rural areas. They are also sprinkled into the so-called more desirable areas and into positions of power and influence. The foreign medical graduate who is a US citizen is proliferating at a record rate, holds strong opinions as to birthright, and has allies in large numbers because of families and friends who are politically and economically potent. More medical schools in this country are producing more MD graduates than at any other time, although 1982 did witness a very slight decline in entering medical school freshmen. 1 Non-MD or DO practitioners of healing (primarily dentists, nurses, pharmacists, podiatrists, psychologists, and acupuncturists) are burgeoning and all want their piece of the action.
Rise Up to Life: A Biography of Howard Walter Florey Who Gave Penicillin to the World
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The isolation of penicillin is the major historical event that dominates this and any biography of Walter Florey. From his successes in the laboratory promptly came immense benefits to the sick; it is a pattern of research we would like to understand. In addition to describing this grand accomplishment, the book is an instructive and emotionally moving study of Florey, Ethel, his physician wife, Ernst Chain, the biochemist, and those few other people who, in the early months of 1940, first touched and studied purified penicillin. The author is a professional journalist having long acquaintance with several sciences and evident skill in biography. The book is choice reading for a physician or scientist but serves even better to recruit a literary-type friend toward an interest in biomedicine. Walter Florey is shown as a modern hero, opinionated, irritable, determined, "despising humbug," and too willing to criticize his professional elders. His uncommon
The Micrococcus of Pneumonia
Authors: R. Maguire
Journal: BMJ (1884)

11$6 2TH$4 J9TISIJ {4CtJ,Ot r4 ( [De. 6, 184.one all over the country.A system of that kinld was very likely to run into abuse, and he could not, as: a. teacher of -u1dihe countenance it without considerable' resePfvatinns; He fih.6ighi it would be admitted that the doubt in his mnind -was a juXst one.It might have led him to appear a little too eonseriVhtive, but his mind did not alwvays remain in that condition.His mind was open.He thought there was a good deal which mlight be said
A TYPHOID CARRIER OF TWENTY-NINE YEARS' STANDING
Authors: G. Dean
Journal: BMJ (1908)

discharge with the drainage tube still In.He was admitted once more In December, 1903, looking very Ill and thin, His general health soon improved,-but the old sinue showed no signs of closing.On June l6tb, 1904, the cavity was curetted and.washed out with an iodine solatidn.'In Augast the wound began to heal, thougb still discharging freely.,The patient had cavities at both apices of the lungs; he frequently coughed up sputa, whtcb, however, contained no tubercle bacilli.The ltier appeared to be enlarged (commencing amylold disease?)His general health had not 'improved' as-on former occasions, though he gatned slightly in weight; his heart was drawn to the left slde of his chest.The sinus showed no signs of healing, his night sweats increased, and thete was a rise of temperature every evening.He was anxious thAt something more should be done, and on February,li:, 1906, after explaining the danger of the operation to him, I decided to excise some ribs and give the man another chance of life.Every necessary precaution was taken before the operation.Brandy was glvwn by the mouth and, strychnine injected; he was clad in flannel and rested on hot.water pillows during the operation.Chloroform was first given, followed-by A.C.E.mixture; the old
Feasibility and Efficacy of Patient-Initiated Mobile Teledermoscopy for Short-term Monitoring of Clinically Atypical Nevi
Authors: Xinyuan Wu, Susan A. Oliveria, Sarah Yagerman, Lucy Chen, Jennifer DeFazio, Ralph Braun, Ashfaq A. Marghoob
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Patient-driven mobile teledermoscopy may be applicable for monitoring of skin lesions. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and patient receptivity of teledermoscopy for short-term monitoring of clinically atypical nevi. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This was a prospective cohort study performed at an institutional referral center in New York. Consecutive patients 18 years or older, with 1 or more clinically atypical nevi that required short-term monitoring and were accessible by a mobile imaging device were recruited for the study. All 34 patients consented to the study, and 29 completed follow-up. Dermoscopic images were obtained in the office-based setting by a dermatologist and with an iPhone by the patient at baseline and follow-up (3-4 months). Patients completed surveys that included questions about skincare awareness and attitudes toward teledermoscopy. Standard dermoscopic images were evaluated by the office-based dermatologist, and mobile dermoscopic images were sent via the Internet to a teledermatologist to evaluate image quality and presence of significant clinical lesion change. The decisions of the teledermatologist and office-based dermatologist were compared. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> (1) Feasibility of using mobile dermatoscope by patients, (2) diagnostic concordance of teledermoscopy vs conventional office-based visit, and (3) patient receptivity to teledermoscopy for short-term monitoring of nevi. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 29 patients who completed the study, 28 (97%) were able to acquire baseline and follow-up images that were subsequently deemed evaluable by the teledermatologist. The diagnostic concordance between conventional office-based visits and teledermoscopy encounters was 0.87 (SE, 0.13) (κ statistic). In addition, patients reported high receptivity to teledermoscopy for short-term monitoring of nevi. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Results from this pilot study suggest that teledermoscopy is feasible and effective as a method for short-term monitoring of clinically atypical nevi. The implementation of teledermoscopy can potentially enhance patient convenience, optimize physician scheduling, and promote efficiency.
αB-crystallin promotes tumor angiogenesis by increasing vascular survival during tube morphogenesis
Authors: Anna Dimberg, Svetlana Rylova, Lothar C. Dieterich, Anna-Karin Olsson, Petter Schiller, Charlotte Wikner, Svante Bohman, Johan Botling, Agneta Lukinius, Eric F. Wawrousek, Lena Claesson-Welsh
Journal: Blood (2007)