tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ANKYLOSIS OF THE JAWS.
Authors: G. LENOX CURTIS
Journal: JAMA (1904)

My present purpose in speaking is to report some causes of the varieties in permanent ankylosis and to show plans of treatment that I have found very successful. I do this in the hope that it will be of service to others. Preparatory to the permanent cases I will refer to cases of temporary ankylosis that I regard as unique and interesting. Temporary ankylosis, so commonly found, can be so speedily treated successfully that little new remains to be told. Nevertheless these cases sometimes cause much trouble to both patient and practitioner, when they result in serious complications, which may occur if proper treatment is not given in the early stage. See Garretson, Marshall and others for recognized methods. The principal irritating causes of inflammation which lead to ankylosis of the jaws are exposed tooth pulps, retarded, malposed or impacted third molars, traumatism, cicatrix, tetanus, alveolar abscess,
False-negative Bone Image with Radiographically Evident Osteoblastic Lesions in Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: TONY E. VASQUEZ, CAROL FREY, LOLA N. WALKER, DAVID G. EVANS, DONALD RESNICK, SAMUEL E. HALPERN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A unique case of documented prostatic carcinoma with radiographically evident osteoblastic lesions and a false-negative bone image is presented.
Expression of Cd28 and Cd86 by Human Eosinophils and Role in the Secretion of Type 1 Cytokines (Interleukin 2 and Interferon γ)
Authors: Gaëtane Woerly, Nadine Roger, Sylvie Loiseau, David Dombrowicz, André Capron, Monique Capron
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Eosinophils are the source of various immunoregulatory cytokines, but the membrane molecules involved in their secretion have not been clearly identified. Here we show that peripheral blood eosinophils from hypereosinophilic patients could express membrane CD86 but not CD80. The T cell costimulatory molecule CD28 is also detected on the eosinophil surface. CD28 ligation but not CD86 ligation resulted in interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ secretion by eosinophils, whereas IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 were not detected. In contrast to T cells requiring two signals for effective stimulation, CD28 ligation alone was sufficient for optimal eosinophil activation. Eosinophil-derived IL-2 and IFN-γ were biologically active, as supernatants from anti-CD28–treated cells were able to induce CTLL-2 proliferation and major histocompatibility complex class II expression on the colon carcinoma cell line Colo 205, respectively. Addition of secretory immunoglobulin (Ig)A–anti-IgA complexes, which could induce the release of IL-10, very significantly inhibited both CD28-mediated IL-2 and IFN-γ release. These results suggest that the release of type 1 (IFN-γ and IL-2) versus type 2 cytokines by eosinophils is not only differential but also dependent on cross-regulatory signals. They confirm that through activation of costimulatory molecules, eosinophils could function as an immunoregulatory cell involved in the release of both type 1 and type 2 cytokines.
Guidelines for the early management of patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: C F M Weston, W J Penny, D G Julian
Journal: BMJ (1994)

In light of recent publications relating to resusci- tation and pre-hospital treatment of patients suffer- ing acute myocardial infarction the British Heart Foundation convened a working group to prepare guidelines outlining the responsibilities of general practitioners, ambulance services, and admitting hospitals.The guidelines emphasise the importance of the rapid provision of basic and advanced life support; adequate analgesia; accurate diagnosis; and, when indicted, thrombolytic treatment.The working group developed a standard whereby patients with acute myocardial infarction should receive thrombolysis, when appropriate, within 90 minutes ofalerting the medical or ambulance service -the call to needle time.Depending on local circumstances, achieving this standard may involve direct admissions to coronary care units, "fast track" assessments in emergency departments, or pre-hospital thrombolytic treatment started by properly equipped and trained general practitioners.
MPs call for smacking to be outlawed
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Smacking, even in families, should be made illegal to protect children from abuse, says a report from a cross party group of British MPs.

   ![][1] 

What happened to Victoria Climbie began with “little slaps” 

The health select committee has called the “reasonable chastisement” that parents and carers use to defend actions of physical punishment on children as “increasingly anomalous,” saying that the law as it currently stands can hinder the prosecution of child abuse cases.

In a report …

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PARTICULATE ORAL CONTRAST AGENTS FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (NMR)
Authors: V. M. Runge, J. A. Clanton, C. M. Lukehart, H. A. Foster, C. L. Partain, A. E. James
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Runge, V. M.; Clanton, J. A.; Lukehart, C. M.; Foster, M. A.; Partain, C. L.; James, A. E. Jr. Author Information
THE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR NITROGEN BALANCE IN SURGICAL PATIENTS DURING THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD 1
Authors: Cecilia Riegel, C. Everett Koop, John Drew, L. W. Stevens, J. E. Rhoads, Louisa Bullitt, Dorothy Barrus, Rozanne P. Grigger, Marie Barnes, Anne Barnhart, Janet Boger, Frances Bowen, Eina Goulding, Eleanor Mcginley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1947)

The role of protein nutrition in the convales- cence of surgical patients has been emphasized by many authors during the past 15 years, and much of this work has recently been ably reviewed by Lund (1).The observations of Cuthbertson (2), confirmed by Howard and his co-workers (3), that fractures of long bones resulted in a marked negative nitrogen balance which could not be over- come by substantial increases in the protein intake, raised certain questions regarding the possible ef- fects on nitrogen requirements and nitrogen balance of extensive surgical operations.It seemed important to know how soon after operation a positive nitrogen balance could be re-established, and what levels of nitrogen and caloric intake would be required to accomplish this.Many of the previous concepts of the protein nu- trition of surgical patients have been based on changes which were found in the serum protein concentration at different periods.It is generally acknowledged that the use of such data may lead to erroneous conclusions, but they have continued to be used by many investigators chiefly because of the difficulties in carrying out the more inform- ing balance studies.In this project, additional technical aid made it possible for us to carry out both types of study.Our results indicate that the serum protein concentration may, at times, in- crease in spite of a negative nitrogen balance dur- ing the period of study.It has also been possible to compare the effec- tiveness of whole protein with various preparations
Effect of chronic cardiopulmonary disease on survival after resection for stage Ia lung cancer.
Authors: U Pastorino, M Valente, V Bedini, A Pagnoni, G Ravasi
Journal: Thorax (1982)

The role of chronic cardiopulmonary disease as a risk factor for immediate and late mortality was evaluated retrospectively in a consecutive series of 116 patients who had had resections for stage Ia non-oat-cell lung cancers. The presence of chronic cardiopulmonary disease was diagnosed on the clinical history and preoperative assessment of lung and heart function by traditional means. Patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease showed a lower five-year survival rate than controls--35% versus 53% (p less than 0.08). The difference increased and became significant if besides having cardiopulmonary disease the patient was over 60 years of age or had had a pneumonectomy--30% versus 52% (p less than 0.025). A higher operative mortality was the main reason for the lower observed survival. Nevertheless, survival of patients at risk exceeded 30% in each subgroup, being 33% for patients over 60 undergoing pneumonectomy. In our series the benefits of resection of lung cancer in patients with impaired cardiopulmonary function were greater than the risks of perioperative and later death even in the groups with a poorer prognosis.
Call for Lung Alerts
Authors: J A Wedzicha
Journal: Thorax (2003)

An opportunity to contribute to the new Lung Alert feature in Thorax .

In the January issue of Thorax we started a new feature called Lung Alerts with the aim of increasing the educational value of Thorax . At a time of ever increasing numbers of medical publications and a vast range of journals publishing papers of interest to practitioners in respiratory medicine, we do not have the time to scan all the general and specialist journals for papers on respiratory topics. A number of very important papers are published in general medical or scientific journals, or in specialist journals …
Procollagen IIC-peptide as a marker for assessing mechanical risk factors of knee osteoarthritis: effect of obesity and varus alignment
Authors: T Kobayashi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To ascertain by cross sectional examination whether the concentration of procollagen IIC-peptide in joint fluid significantly correlates with mechanical risk factors of knee osteoarthritis (OA), such as obesity (body mass index) and varus alignment (lateral femorotibial angle). <h3>METHODS</h3> The concentrations of procollagen IIC-propeptide in synovial fluid were measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay of 65 patients with the same radiological stage of primary knee OA—that is, Ahlbäk stage I. The relations between procollagen IIC-peptide and body mass index and lateral femorotibial angle were examined using simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Significant positive correlations were found between procollagen IIC-propeptide concentrations and body mass index (<i>r</i>=0.479, p&lt;0.0001), and between procollagen IIC-propeptide concentrations and lateral femorotibial angle (<i>r</i>=0.375, p=0.0021). Significant correlations were also found by multiple regression analysis. The multiple correlation coefficient of body mass index and femorotibial lateral angle to the procollagen IIC-propeptide concentrations was 0.547 (p&lt;0.0001). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The findings suggest that synthesis of type II collagen by chondrocytes is enhanced by abnormal mechanical stress, in this case obesity and varus alignment. It is concluded that procollagen IIC-propeptide concentrations in joint fluid are a useful marker of early OA.
Across-Country Viewpoints on Sleepiness during Driving
Authors: Charles F. P. George, Larry J. Findley, Melissa A. Hack, R. Douglas McEvoy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

University of Western Ontario London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Sleep Disorders Center of Northern Colorado, Aspen Medical Center, Loveland, Colorado; Gwent Sleep Centre, Royal Gwent and St. Woolas Hospitals; Newport Chest Clinic, Newport, South Wales, United Kingdom; Sleep Disorders Unit, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park; School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia
467. Allogeneic Bone-Marrow Transplantation in Mice Provides Tolerance and Promotes Massive In Vivo Selection of Subsequently Transplanted Hepatocytes
Authors: Konrad L. Streetz, Regis Doyonnas, Denny D. Jenkins, Seppi Lin, Judith A. Shizuru, Helen Blau, Karl Sylvester, Mark A. Kay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Successful hepatocyte transplantation (HT) depends on overcoming immunological barriers and on the availability of reasonable numbers of transplantable cells. Bone-marrow-transplantation (BMT) has been shown to provide tolerance for various transplanted cells and organs, however the impact on hepatocyte transplantation has not been thoroughly investigated.
STUDIES IN THE BLOOD CYTOLOGY OF THE RABBIT
Authors: Louise Pearce, Albert E. Casey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

Observations are reported on the consecutive weekly erythrocyte counts and the hemoglobin contents of the peripheral blood in 5 groups of normal rabbits, comprising 45 animals, during a period of 20 months from October, 1927 to July, 1929. The duration of individual group examinations varied from 8 to 35 weeks. The results are analyzed on the basis of the weekly mean values of each group. On the whole, the erythrocyte values were quite uniform within a narrow range of variation, while the hemoglobin content was comparatively irregular within a wider range of variation. The major changes in the levels of mean values of both the red cells and the hemoglobin, however, were found to be statistically significant. The directions or trends in the levels of the erythrocyte and hemoglobin mean values did not necessarily move in opposite directions. The general levels of the erythrocyte and hemoglobin mean values were not identical for two consecutive years, those of 1927–28 being higher than those of 1928–29. The fluctuations of both red cell and hemoglobin mean values observed in one group of animals were also usually observed in another group examined during the same months.
New guidelines issued for arthritis drugs
Authors: H. Barratt
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis who are at high risk of gastrointestinal complications should have access to COX 2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) selective inhibitors, according to new guidelines from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence.

The institute's long awaited report, which applies to patients in England and Wales, classified high risk patients as those …
EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE AS ASSESSED BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND INCIDENT CARDIAC DISEASE
Authors: Manu Kaushik, Alok Saurav, Aiman Smer, Venkata M. Alla, Shariq Khan, Ritu Madan, Mark J. Holmberg, Syed Mohiuddin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
USEFULNESS OF CARDIAC MULTI-DETECTED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND EXERCISE TREADMILL TEST IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ANGINA
Authors: Seungpyo Hong, Yeun Woong Park, Kyung Ryun Bae, Seung Woon Jun, Young Soo Lee, Jin Bae Lee, Jae Kean Ryu, Ji Yong Choi, Kee Sik Kim, Sung Gug Chang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Patient satisfaction with general practitioner deputising services.
Authors: R. A. Dixon, B. T. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Proposed increases in the average hours of surgery sessions of general practitioners as part of the government programme for improving primary health care may result in more use of deputising services to provide off duty cover. The satisfaction of patients with such a service was studied during one week of October 1987 at nine of the 29 branches of Air Call Medical Services in urban areas in Britain by means of a postal questionnaire. Of a sample of 4626 callers to the service, 3887 (84%) responded. An estimated 32% of the patients expected that a doctor from their own practice would have attended them, 19% expected that they would be admitted to hospital and 8% were admitted. Over 90% of patients were satisfied with the telephonist9s handling of the call; 79% of those visited were satisfied with the waiting time; and over 80% were satisfied with various aspects of the doctor9s handling of the visit (bedside manner, communication, taking of history, physical examination, and explanation of findings), the lowest figure being for explanation of findings (81%). Satisfaction was generally higher during the daytime; among the elderly, especially men; and among patients who did not anticipate that a doctor from their doctor9s practice would call. The results suggest that a high proportion of patients were satisfied with the deputising service they received.
Administrative Costs of Health Insurance: A Different View
Authors: Thomas B. Fitzpatrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The article in this issue on "Trends in Health-Insurance Operating Expenses" (page 638) reveals some interesting facts. However, the interpretation of these facts by the authors may reflect a widespread misunderstanding of health insurance in general and of Blue Cross and Blue Shield in particular.As the article indicates, per cent of civilian population enrolled, outpatient visits per enrollee, and claim expense per enrollee, are all important variables in explaining differences between plans in operating expenses per enrollee. They are also important variables in explaining differences in expenses over time in the same plan — the last two, outpatient visits . . .
Secretory Otitis Media: The Cantekin Affair
Authors: Robert M. Jacobson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The article entitled Antimicrobial Therapy for Otitis Media With Effusion ('Secretory' Otitis Media) 1 published in JAMA deserved to be published because it made an important point concerning outcomes in researching therapeutic effectiveness. However, I note that this study, as have many studies in the past concerning otitis media, fails to recognize that the principal outcome that patients' parents and clinicians seek in treating otitis media is relief of pain.  In an attempt to be objective, most researchers ignore clinical improvement of pain, irritability, fussiness, insomnia, anorexia, and fever, and substitute sterilization of middle-ear fluid, disappearance of middle-ear effusion, and unilateral hearing loss. I am not surprised to learn that antibiotics do not play as significant a role in diminishing fluid and hearing loss from an ear infection. However, it is clear to my patients and their parents, as well as to myself and my fellow colleagues
The dueling diagnoses of Darwin
Authors: A. G. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To  Editor.  —Drs Barloon and Noyes 1 excluded Meniere disease in Darwin in  alleged absence of aural fullness, tinnitus, or hearing loss. However, there is overwhelming evidence for subclinical Meniere disease   very plausible cause: acoustic trauma. Before 1861 Meniere disease was gastric vertigo (Charcot 2 ) or suppressed gout, 3 Darwin's 1848 diagnosis. 4   Perceived pressure in  head or ear is often ignored by patients and physicians. 2,5 For example, Van Gogh 2 had the profound feeling at times that his mind was  turbid pool and a feeling of emptiness or fatigue in  head. Hughlings-Jackson 3 reported that after firing 2 shots at  bird,  fit young surgeon had chronic Meniere symptoms 3 with  full heavy dull feeling in my head, and it seems to deaden my intellect, and render me powerless for consecutive thought. Darwin 4 wrote, I have now been six days
Aspiration Biopsy Cytology, part 1: Cytology of Subdiaphragmatic Organs
Authors: Tilde S. Kline
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Needle aspiration biopsy, a technique described almost 50 years ago, has been vastly underutilized in this country but not in Scandinavia. Aspiration biopsy is used not for screening but for diagnoses of palpable or radiographic lesions. The simple technique may be undertaken in the physician's office with a 22-gauge needle and syringe or the special Scandinavian model illustrated in the text. The aspirates are either air-dried or fixed and stained according to Papanicolaou. This volume, fourth in a series primarily devoted to exfoliative cytology, deals with salivary glands, neck, breast, and lungs. The chapter on salivary glands is fascinating, although rarely in practice are there enough patients to familiarize the cytopathologist with cell types. Lymph-node aspiration, often from multiple nodes, has proved highly reliable and often has eliminated the need of surgery. Transthoracic aspiration of lung neoplasms has become a useful adjuvant to respiratory cytology, making the exploratory thoracotomy with
Neural constructivism or self-organization?
Authors: Peter C. M. Molenaar, Han L. J. van der Maas
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Three arguments are given to show that neural constructivism lacks an essential ingredient to explain cognitive development. Based on results in the theory of adaptive signal analysis, adaptive biological pattern information and self-organization in nonlinear systems of information processing, it is concluded that neural constructivism should be further extended to accommodate the occurrence of phase transitions generating qualitative development in the sense of Piaget.
Use of ethamsylate in vaginal surgery and deep-vein thrombosis.
Authors: M F Vere, S M Sellers, D N Joyce, G E Staddon
Journal: BMJ (1979)

widespread psoriasis and generalised osteoporosis precluded treating the fracture by internal fixation because of the risk of infection and mechanical failure of the implant.The brace may also have acted as an occlusive dressing since the psoriatic skin beneath definitely improved and as yet there has been no relapse.
Intussusception Secondary to Mesenteric Arteritis
Authors: Gilbert Hermann
Journal: JAMA (1967)

ABDOMINAL PAIN is a common feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).<sup>1-4</sup>This may be so severe as to simulate an acute surgical condition of the abdomen.<sup>4</sup>While the basis of this complaint is most often an arteritis secondary to lupus erythematosus, with a resulting serositis, it must be remembered that occasionally a surgically correctable lesion exists. Procrastination in such a situation will lead to a fatal outcome which might otherwise be reversible. While perforation of the intestines as a complication of this vasculitis has been reported previously<sup>5,6</sup>to our knowledge this is the first report of intussusception secondary to mesenteric vasculitis. The extreme youth of this patient with proven SLE is also a noteworthy feature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>History.—</h3> A 5-year-old Negro girl (DCH 61-139-809) was admitted to Denver Children's Hospital with chief complaints of lethargy and abdominal pain of 24 hours' duration. This patient had
IgE Antibody Studies in a Case of Generalized Allergic Reaction to Human Insulin
Authors: D. F. Child, S. G. O. Johansson
Journal: Allergy (1984)

A patient developed a generalized reaction to purified bovine, purified porcine and human insulin. High levels of IgE antibody to bovine, porcine, human emp and human crb insulin were demonstrated. These fell dramatically following desensitization with human crb insulin. AH four types of insulin gave superimposable RAST inhibition curves indicating a common allergen determinant.
The Heimlich Maneuver and Drowning
Authors: Edward A. Patrick
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  The anecdotal article by Dr Orlowski 1 on the Heimlich maneuver for drowning omits references and case details. The author says that the Heimlich maneuver caused the patient to vomit and contributed to his poor outcome. Dr Orlowski does not cite a 1981 case report 2 in which the Heimlich maneuver opened a 2-year-old child's intubated airway that was blocked by inhaled water; the child did not vomit. This article was referenced in the June 1986 Standards and Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care 3 and was discussed in an article by Dr Orlowski in 1982. 4 Gordon and Terranova 5 reported a similar case of a 2-year-old boy who vomited after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and arrived at the emergency department with a blocked airway, apnea, and no pulse. A Heimlich maneuver relieved the blocked airway and the child survived.  Before the Heimlich maneuver was described,