tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factitial Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Bruce T. Adornato
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  A recent experience at this hospital prompts recognition of an additional cause of noncardiac pulmonary edema. A 42-year-old woman was brought to the emergency room after she was found in the street obtunded, with labored respirations. Her blood pressure was 130/90 mm Hg; pulse rate, 110 beats per minute; temperature, 36.6 C; and respiration, 30/min, with peripheral cyanosis and frothy pink sputum. There was no jugular venous distension, and auscultation of the chest disclosed coarse breath sounds with both rales and rhonchi. Heart sounds were normal and there was no gallop. Other results of the examination were normal except for the patient's obtunded mental state. Arterial blood gas values with the patient breathing room air disclosed pH, 7.52; Po 2 , 44 mm Hg; and Pco 2 , 28 mm Hg. Chest roentgenograms showed bilateral, fluffy perihilar infiltrates. The electrocardiogram was within normal limits except for sinus tachycardia.  The
Influence of autonomic nerves on the internal and sphincter in man.
Authors: B Frenckner, T Ihre
Journal: Gut (1976)

The internal and sphincter receives its parasympathetic nerve supply from the sacral outflow and its sympathetic supply from the thoracicolumbar outflow of the spinal cord. In order to investigate the influence of the tonic discharge of these nerves, eight healthy subjects receiving high spinal anaesthesia (T 6-T 12) and five receiving low spinal anaesthesia (L 5-S 1) were examined. Continuous recordings of anal pressure and electromyographic activity from the external sphincter were obtained during rest and during expansion of the ampulla recti by means of an air-filled balloon. The results were compared with those obtained in an earlier study from 10 subjects with a bilateral pudendal block which paralysed the striated sphincter muscles without affecting the autonomic nerve supply to the internal sphincter. Anal pressure at rest decreased significantly more with high spinal anaesthesia (32 +/- 3-2 mm Hg) than with low (11 +/- 7-1 mm Hg) or with pudendal block (10 +/- 3-9 mm Hg) and the relaxations of the internal sphincter induced by rectal distension were somewhat smaller with high spinal anaesthesia. However, the remaining anal pressure at maximal relaxation, induced by a substantial rectal distension, was essentially the same with the three forms of anaesthesia. It is concluded that, at rest, there is a tonic excitatory sympathetic discharge to the internal anal sphincter in man. However, this seems to be without excitatory effect when the sphincter is relaxed after a substantial rectal distension. Furthermore, the results indicate that at rest there is no tonic parasympathetic discharge affecting the sphincter tone.
COMPARISON OF SYMPTOMS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: RESULTS FROM THE ORBIT-AF REGISTRY
Authors: Jonathan P. Piccini, Dajuanicia Holmes, Laine Thomas, Gregg C. Fonarow, Bernard J. Gersh, Peter R. Kowey, Paul Chang, Paul S. Chan, John A. Spertus, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Listeria meningitis: identification of a cerebrospinal fluid inhibitor of macrophage listericidal function as interleukin 10.
Authors: K Frei, D Nadal, H W Pfister, A Fontana
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The killing of bacteria gaining access to the central nervous system is insufficient and requires bactericidal antibiotics for treatment. The inefficient host response in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is thought to be due to impaired phagocytosis in CSF, and low local concentration of antibody and complement. In addition, the CSF may contain inhibitors, disabling phagocytes to eliminate bacteria. We have assessed the bactericidal activity of macrophages in the presence of CSF from mice infected intracerebrally with Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Pretreatment of J774A.1 macrophages with interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) resulted in high levels of nitric oxide-dependent intracellular killing of LM. CSF taken from mice 24 h after infection (CSF-LM 24) contained IFN-gamma and induced killing of LM by macrophages. However, pulsing J774A.1 cells with IFN-gamma in the presence of CSF obtained from mice at later time points (48 h) rendered macrophages partly permissive for intracellular Listeria growth. The inhibitor detected in CSF-LM 48 was identified as IL-10 since: (a) IL-10 dose dependently impaired the listericidal activity of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages; (b) anti-IL-10 antibodies abrogated the bacterial growth permissive effect of CSF-LM 48; and (c) IL-10 was detected in CSF-LM 48 but not in CSF-LM 24 or CSF of mock-injected animals (CSF-Co). Likewise, IL-10 was found in the CSF of 95% of patients with bacterial meningitis.
Aortocoronary graft flow and reactive hyperaemia in relation to postoperative myocardial infarction.
Authors: S Skotnicki, J Vonk, T Sleegers, S Dercksen, G Linssen, L Lacquet, P Kuijpers
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Blood flow through aortocoronary venous grafts and its response to a brief period of arterial occlusion--reactive hyperaemia--were studied in relation to the development of postoperative myocardial infarction. In 40 patients with intractable angina due to obstructive coronary artery disease, 72 aortocoronary venous grafts were constructed. In 18% of the grafts there was no response to the flow to temporary occlusion, due to absence of reactive hyperaemia. In the remaining grafts the flow increased from 17% to 26%. In 17-5% of the patients postoperative myocardial infarction was diagnosed. No relation could be established between this control flow through aortocoronary grafts and postoperative myocardial infarction. A significant difference was found in the magnitude of the reactive hyperaemia following occlusion of the graft between patients who developed myocardial infarction (13-0%) and those who did not (26-8%). Some of our observations suggest that the myocardium is in a state of reactive hyperaemia after coronary surgery. With certain technical precautions the flow changes caused by reactive hyperaemia can be used as an indicator of the result to be expected from bypass surgery.
Role of Rho-kinase in regulation of insulin action and glucose homeostasis
Authors: Noboru Furukawa, Pat Ongusaha, Wan Jin Jahng, Kazushi Araki, Cheol Soo Choi, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Yong Hee Lee, Kozo Kaibuchi, Barbara B. Kahn, Hiroaki Masuzaki, Jason K. Kim, Sam W. Lee, Young-Bum Kim
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2005)
TCT-612 Endothelial function and STEMI vessel patency
Authors: Jasveen Kandhai, Harald Jørstad, Bjorn de Wagenaar, F. de Man, Martin G. Stoel, Jan Es van, Cees Doelman, Carine J. Doggen, Ron Peters, Clemens von Birgelen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Breast Cancer Mortality Among Female Electrical Workers in the United States
Authors: D. P. Loomis, D. A. Savitz, C. V. Ananth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Previous epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to electric or magnetic fields in occupational and residential environments may cause cancer. Recent experimental findings provide some support for the hypothesis that exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields reduces the pineal gland's nocturnal production of the hormone melatonin, thereby increasing susceptibility to sex hormone-related cancers such as breast cancer.Our purpose was to assess the evidence that cancer of the female breast might be associated with exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields.Records of women who had breast cancer as the underlying cause of their death (ICD-9 174) and control subjects (four per case) were selected from computer files of U.S. mortality data for the years 1985-1989. Women 20 years and older at the time of their death were eligible for inclusion if they were residents of and died in one of the 24 states that provided death certification records with occupation and industry codes to the National Center for Health Statistics for at least 1 year during the study interval. Data from death certificates were used to classify the case and control subjects with regard to potential occupational exposure to electric and magnetic fields. Control subjects were a random sample of women who died of any other underlying cause, excluding leukemia and brain cancer.The data analysis contrasted 68 women with breast cancer and 199 controls, all with electrical occupations, with 27,814 women with breast cancer and 110,750 controls, all of whom had other occupations. Electrical workers had excess mortality from breast cancer relative to other employed women [odds ratio (OR) = 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-1.82]). Adjusted ORs for specific electrical occupations were 1.73 (95% CI = 0.92-3.25) for electrical engineers, 1.28 (95% CI = 0.79-2.07) for electrical technicians, and 2.17 (95% CI = 1.17-4.02) for telephone installers, repairers, and line workers. There was no excess of breast cancer, however, in seven other occupations held more frequently by women and also involving potentially elevated electrical exposures, including telephone operators, data keyers, and computer operators and programmers.In light of the limitations inherent in death certification data and the design of this study, any conclusions regarding the hypothesis that exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields causes breast cancer among women must be limited. Nevertheless, our findings are broadly consistent with that hypothesis and encourage further investigation with improvements in study design and data quality.
A new flavonol glycoside from glandless cotton seeds
Authors: Shanqin Yuan, Ming Yang, Yimin Zhao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

A new flavonol glycoside, namely quercetin 3-O-[α-d-apiofuranosyl(1–5)-β-d-apiofuranosyl(1–2)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1–6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), was isolated from glandless cotton seeds together with the known compounds quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1–2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1–6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (manghaslin, 2), kaempferol 3-O-β-d-apiofruranosyl(1–2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) and kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1–6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (4). It is interesting that the tetrasaccharide fragment of 1 contained both a β-apiosyl and an unusual α-apiosyl group.
Adenoviral cardiotrophin-1 gene transfer protects pmn mice from progressive motor neuronopathy
Authors: Thierry Bordet, Henning Schmalbruch, Brigitte Pettmann, Albert Hagege, Laetitia Castelnau-Ptakhine, Axel Kahn, Georg Haase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), an IL-6–related cytokine, causes hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and has pleiotropic effects on various other cell types, including motoneurons. Here, we analyzed systemic CT-1 effects in progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn) mice that suffer from progressive motoneuronal degeneration, muscle paralysis, and premature death. Administration of an adenoviral CT-1 vector to newborn pmn mice leads to sustained CT-1 expression in the injected muscles and bloodstream, prolonged survival of animals, and improved motor functions. CT-1–treated pmn mice showed a significantly reduced degeneration of facial motoneuron cytons and phrenic nerve myelinated axons. The terminal innervation of skeletal muscle, grossly disturbed in untreated pmn mice, was almost completely preserved in CT-1–treated pmn mice. The remarkable neuroprotection conferred by CT-1 might become clinically relevant if CT-1 side effects, including cardiotoxicity, could be circumvented by a more targeted delivery of this cytokine to the nervous system.
Problems of Compensation for Cardiac Disability and Death Occurring at Work
Authors: Louis H. Sigler
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The problems involved in workmen's compensation for cardiac disability and death occurring at work are caused mainly by an insufficient appreciation of the physiologic changes in the circulation occurring under strain, to insistence in some quarters that myocardial infarction is caused only by coronary thrombosis which it is claimed rarely occurs during strain, and to lack of knowledge by the profession, industry, and the cardiac patient that recovery from an acute cardiac insult frequently leaves the worker in a good enough cardiac functional condition to return to work. An important cause of loss of life and of costly compensation is failure to detect cardiac abnormalities before a major attack occurs.
Mild Antithrombin Deficiency and Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno, Francesco Dentali, Roberta Lupoli, Walter Ageno
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Antithrombin deficiency, defined by antithrombin levels of <70%, is a major thrombophilic condition associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). No prospective data are available about the risk of recurrent VTE associated with mildly decreased antithrombin levels (70-80%).Consecutive patients with a first VTE were stratified according to functional antithrombin levels (<70%, 70-80%, >80%) and were followed up for a mean of 8.70 years to assess the incidence of VTE recurrence. A total of 823 patients (mean age, 48.3 years; 41.9% male) were enrolled. Recurrent VTE occurred in 253 patients (3.53% per patient-year). With stratification for antithrombin levels, VTE recurrence occurred in 19 patients with antithrombin levels <70% (5.90% per patient-year), in 20 patients with antithrombin levels 70% to 80% (5.35% per patient-year), and in 214 patients with antithrombin levels >80% (3.31% per patient-year). After adjustment for major VTE risk factors and for anticoagulation duration, the risk of VTE recurrence was significantly higher in patients with antithrombin levels <70% (hazard ratio, 3.48; 95% confidence interval, 2.16-5.61) and antithrombin levels 70% to 80% (hazard ratio, 2.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.51-3.80) compared with patients with antithrombin levels >80%. When the population was stratified according to the presence or absence of major risk factors for the index event, the association remained significant only in patients with unprovoked VTE.The presence of mild antithrombin deficiency (70-80% antithrombin) in patients with unprovoked VTE is associated with a significantly increased risk of recurrence and should be taken into account when the duration of secondary prevention is determined.http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01382550.
Increased CD200 expression in acute myeloid leukemia is linked with an increased frequency of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: S J Coles, R K Hills, E C Y Wang, A K Burnett, S Man, R L Darley, A Tonks
Journal: Leukemia (2012)

Increased CD200 expression in acute myeloid leukemia is linked with an increased frequency of FoxP3 +  regulatory T cells
THE RATIONALE OF SPECIFIC THERAPY IN PNEUMOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA
Authors: HORACE S. BALDWIN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

For the last seven years we have been interested in the specific treatment of lobar pneumonia. During this time several specific agents have been tried on monkeys with experimental pneumonia and on patients with lobar pneumonia in the wards of Bellevue Hospital. As a result of this rather extensive experience, we have arrived at certain conclusions which it seems worth while to publish.  In this paper we will attempt to elucidate the rationale of specific therapy in pneumonia and will state our present position on the whole subject. The experimental and clinical data reported have been published, in part, in previous scientific articles, but they are reprinted here for the purpose of exemplifying certain principles relative to the bacteriology and immunology of pneumococcus pneumonia.  TOXEMIA AND SEPTICEMIA  The great majority of acute infections pass through one or both of two stages: First, local infection, an inflammatory process in which the
Natural killing of tumor cells by human peripheral blood cells. Suppression of killing in vitro by tumor-promoting phorbol diesters.
Authors: W E Seaman, T D Gindhart, M A Blackman, B Dalal, N Talal, Z Werb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Tumor-promoting phorbol diesters were shown to suppress natural killing in vitro by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The inhibitory effect of different phorbol diesters and their analogues correlated with their potency as tumor promoters, the most effective agent being 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Both peripheral blood cells and targets specifically bound TPA, and natural killing could be inhibited by pretreatment of either cell population with TPA, though this was less effective than direct addition of TPA to the assay. Cells that had been pretreated with TPA released TPA and metabolites of tPA during subsequent incubation in fresh medium. This release of tPA was evidently responsible for the inhibition of natural killing by pretreated target cells; in experiments where labeled and unlabeled target cells were mixed, pretreatment of unlabeled targets with TPA inhibited killing of labeled targets. Suppression of natural killing by TPA was greatly reduced when adherent cells were removed from the peripheral blood cells, suggesting that monocytes mediate suppression. Inhibition of natural killing by TPA provides a model for examining the regulation of natural killing. Suppression of natural killing by phorbol diesters may contribute to their activity as tumor promoters.
Zirconium Cyclosilicate for Treatment of Hyperkalemia
Authors: Bradley S. Dixon
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) to identify infected patients in the emergency room
Authors: Fabi�n Jaimes, Jenny Garc�s, Jorge Cuervo, Federico Ram�rez, Jorge Ram�rez, Andrea Vargas, Claudia Quintero, Jorge Ochoa, Fabio Tandioy, L�der Zapata, Juan Estrada, Maria Yepes, Hiulber Leal
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2003)
Communicating Benefits and Harms of Treatment
Authors: Steven Woloshin, Lisa M. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters6 December 2011Communicating Benefits and Harms of TreatmentSteven Woloshin, MD, MS and Lisa M. Schwartz, MD, MSSteven Woloshin, MD, MSFrom Veterans Affairs Outcomes Group and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, White River Junction, VT 05009.Search for more papers by this author and Lisa M. Schwartz, MD, MSFrom Veterans Affairs Outcomes Group and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, White River Junction, VT 05009.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-11-201112060-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Nardone's suggestion on how to communicate risk is intended to help patients develop a sense of numbers using concrete images. For this technique to work, though, it would be important to use images that are familiar to the target audience. We doubt that most Americans know how many soldiers are in a battalion (we don't), the capacity of the field for the local AAA baseball team (we don't even know if we have an AAA team), or even the number of U.S. senators (we did know this one).Even with familiar images, there may still be problems. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Veterans Affairs Outcomes Group and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, White River Junction, VT 05009.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M10-2880. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCommunicating Data About the Benefits and Harms of Treatment Steven Woloshin and Lisa M. Schwartz Communicating Benefits and Harms of Treatment David A. Nardone Metrics 6 December 2011Volume 155, Issue 11Page: 793KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosure ePublished: 6 December 2011 Issue Published: 6 December 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Regulating cellular oxygen sensing by hydroxylation
Authors: J FANDREY, T GORR, M GASSMANN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Oxygen homeostasis under conditions of limited O2 supply requires hypoxia-dependent gene regulation. The transcription factor complex hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) has been recognized as the master regulator that mediates the adaptational genetic response to ensure restoration of energy supply. This review will focus on the recent advances in understanding the hypoxia-induced cellular response with particular respect to cellular O2 sensing for adequate control of HIF-1 activation.
Profession or Business?
Authors: J. H. Means
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

MEDICINE, traditionally, has been considered to be a profession, even one of the so-called learned professions. Many definitions of profession can be found, but the idea common to them all appears to be that a profession is organized for service to humanity, whereas a business or trade is entered into for the sake of material profit. At first blush it might seem that there should be no confusion or overlapping between these, and I believe that until quite recently there has not been. The medical profession especially has valiantly put in writing its concepts of what constitutes proper professional behavior . . .
841-3 Apolipoprotein A1 mimetic peptide reduces accelerated atherosclerosis in a vein graft bypass model in ApoE(-/-) mice
Authors: Xiaojun Li, Kuang-Yuh Chyu, Jose R Faria Neto, Juliana Yano, Paul C Dimayuga, Bojan Cercek, Prediman K Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Massive expansion of maternal T cells in response to EBV infection in a patient with SCID-Xl
Authors: Fabien Touzot, Liliane Dal-Cortivo, Virginie Verkarre, Annick Lim, Anne Crucis-Armengaud, Despina Moshous, Sébastien Héritier, Pierre Frange, Sophie Kaltenbach, Stéphane Blanche, Capucine Picard, Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina, Marina Cavazzana-Calvo, Alain Fischer
Journal: Blood (2012)