tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome: not an N-linked oligosaccharide processing defect, but an abnormality in lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis?
Authors: L D Powell, K Paneerselvam, R Vij, S Diaz, A Manzi, N Buist, H Freeze, A Varki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (CDGS) is a developmental disease associated with an abnormally high isoelectric point of serum transferrin. Carbohydrate analyses of this glycoprotein initially suggested a defect in N-linked oligosaccharide processing, although more recent studies indicate a defect in the attachment of these sugar chains to the protein. We studied both serum glycoproteins and fibroblast-derived [2-3H]mannose-labeled oligosaccharides from CDGS patients and normal controls. While there was a decrease in the glycosylation of serum glycoproteins of affected individuals, differences were not seen in either monosaccharide composition or oligosaccharide structures. The lectin-binding profiles of glycopeptides from [2-3H]-mannose-labeled fibroblasts were likewise indistinguishable. However, the incorporation of [2-3H]mannose into both glycoproteins and the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide precursor was significantly reduced. Thus, at least in some patients, CDGS is not due to a defect in processing of N-linked oligosaccharides, but rather to defective synthesis and transfer of nascent dolichol-linked oligosaccharide precursors. This abnormality could result in both a failure to glycosylate some sites on some proteins, as well as secondary abnormalities in overall glycoprotein processing and/or function.
Interaction of the β chain variant hemoglobin leslie and the α chain variant hemoglobin montgomery in a black female
Authors: T. H. J. Huisman, M. E. Gravely, J. B. Wilson, B. Webber, A. E. Felice, A. Miller
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract A black family is described in which the β chain variant hemoglobin Leslie, the α chain variant hemoglobin Montgomery, and α‐thalassemia‐2 occurred in different combinations. All members studied had normal hematological values and no chronic ill health. The propositus had 11% hemoglobin Montgomery, 24% hemoglobin Leslie, and only about 0.5% of the Hb Montgomery–Leslie hybrid. The mother of the propositus was a Hb Leslie heterozygote with 31% Hb Leslie. Her father had 26% and her son had 17% Hb Montgomery, suggesting that the father is heterozygous for α‐thalassemia‐2; this designation was supported by data from in vitro biosynthetic studies. The β‐Leslie chain generally shows reduced ability to pair with the normal α chain. However, in the propositus, who is heterozygous for both variants, the assembly of β‐Leslie and α‐Montgomery chains might be reduced even more, and the instability of the Hb Montgomery‐Leslie hybrid appears much greater than was expected.
Left pneumonectomy and middle lobectomy for bronchiectasis
Authors: E. U. Kurklu, B. T. Le Roux
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Kürklü, E. U., and le Roux, B. T. (1973)</b>. <i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 535-536. <b>Left pneumonectomy and middle lobectomy for bronchiectasis</b>. Left pneumonectomy and middle lobectomy were undertaken in a child for bilateral bronchiectasis of this extent. The thoracic surgeon who works among a large community medically ill served and among whom respiratory disease is common is frequently called upon to manage bronchiectasis surgically.
1341 PERFORMANCE OF NON-INVASIVE LIVER FIBROSIS TESTS IN PREDICTING DEATH RATE IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS
Authors: S. Bertrais, C. Couffon, L. Rondeau, M. Favre, F. Oberti, I. Fouchard-Hubert, N. Dib, J. Boursier, P. Cales
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Estimation of the FEV.
Authors: P D Oldham, T J Cole
Journal: Thorax (1983)

The procedure recommended by the Medical Research Council for estimating a subject9s forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is to require five separate attempts, discard the first two results, and average the last three. The most popular alternatives are to use the largest of the last three or the largest of a smaller number of results. Nine different indices derived from some or all of five attempts were compared in two studies. In one 40 normal subjects were studied. In the other 335 men exposed to industrial dust, whose forced expiratory volume declined with their degree of radiological pneumoconiosis as well as with age, were studied. There were small but consistent differences between indices. The index which emerged as the best overall in both studies was the mean of the largest three results from five attempts. It was better than the recommended index for all the comparisons made, but at the same time it gave a very similar mean value for the FEV1. Excluding the lowest two results rather than the first two from five blows is a rational procedure, and it should be formally recognised as providing the best index available.
Sestamibi perfusion imaging predicts wall motion recovery beyond TIMI grade 3 flow following primary stenting
Authors: Sergio A. Godov, Cesar A. Belziti, Daniel H. Berrocal, Jose M. Gabay, Pablo Oberti, Rodolfo Pizarro, Mariano Falconi, Victor Jäger, Oscar Parysow, Liliana R. Grinfeld, Mauricio G. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Blair warns of tax increases to pay for NHS
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Tony Blair hinted last week that taxes in the United Kingdom may have to rise to fund improvements in the NHS and to bring health spending in line with the average in the European Union.

But exactly how much more money is to be pumped into the NHS and how it is going to be raised is likely to remain a matter for speculation until just before the budget on 17 April. It is then that the second report from Derek Wanless, the former NatWest chief executive, is expected to be published.

It is thought that …
Abstract 279: Time to Awakening After Cardiac Arrest: How Long Should We Wait?
Authors: Mary Ann Peberdy, Joseph P Ornato, Michael Donnino, Michael N Cocchi, Jon Rittenberger, Clifton W Callaway, David F Gaieski, Benjamin S Abella, John N Clore
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Studies performed prior to the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) suggest the optimal timeline for prognostication after cardiac arrest (CA) is on day 3 but this may not be generalizable to patients (pts) treated with TH. Current guidelines state that futility should not be declared until greater than day 3 after ROSC in hypothermic pts. Purpose: To identify the time to awakening in post arrest patients treated with TH. Methods: Post hoc analysis of a prospective, non-interventional, multi-center trial. Data from 111 consecutive pts from 7-1-11 thru 3-31-12 were analyzed using PASW v20. Results are presented as median [25th, 75th percentiles]. Time to awakening is defined as the number of calendar days from ROSC to purposefully following commands. Results: Fifty-one of the 111 patients (46%) survived to discharge. Awakening occurred in 39/51 (77%) patients who survived to discharge vs. 1/60 (3%) who awakened and died. Median time to awakening in those who awakened and survived to discharge was 1 [.25, 2] day (range 0-28 days). It took 4.9 days for 90%, and 11.9 days for 95%, of those who awakened to do so. Characteristics of all patients and those who awakened and survived to discharge stratified by time of awakening after ROSC are shown in the Table. Conclusions: Awakening and good neurological outcome occurs in pts treated with TH who remain comatose on day 3 after CA, irrespective of the first documented rhythm. Most patients who awaken will do so by the end of day 4, but 10% require longer. Our data suggest that it may be necessary to wait &gt;3 days to allow adequate time for awakening after CA in patients treated with TH. Allowing patients adequate time for neurological recovery requires longer hospital stays and additional resources. Further study should prospectively evaluate the timeframe for expected neurological recovery in CA pts treated with TH.
Quantitative flow cytometric analysis of the effects of cetirizine on the expression of ICAM‐1/CD54 on primary cultured nasal cells
Authors: M. Mincarini, F. Cagnoni, G. W. Canonica, G. Cordone, A. Sismondini, C. Semino, G. Pietra, G. Melioli
Journal: Allergy (2000)

An in vitro flow cytometric model has been developed to evaluate the effects of antiallergic drugs such as cetirizine (CTZ) on the expression of surface molecules on primary cultured normal cells. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that HLA class I and ICAM‐1/CD54 molecules are present on both epithelial and stromal cells, and that their expression is strongly enhanced by treatment with interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ). Nevertheless, the IFN‐γ‐mediated upregulation of ICAM‐1/CD54 was inhibited by treatment with CTZ, demonstrating a direct effect on both cell types. This finding is particularly interesting because ICAM‐1/CD54 is the main rhinovirus receptor, and rhinoviruses are the principal cause of asthma exacerbation in children. Thus, according to data derived from this in vitro model, CTZ should have an important role in the reduction of infectious exacerbation of asthma in atopic patients.
Transcervical Balloon Tuboplasty (and Which End Is Distal?)-Reply
Authors: Norbert Gleicher
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate Dr Hall's interest in our article, though we have to disagree with some of his comments. He suggests that tubal catheterization procedures by means of only a guide wire or wire and a catheter other than a balloon may be "simpler and safer" than the technique reported by us. Moreover, he claims that those alternative procedures are presently utilized by hundreds of physicians. We hope that he is incorrect, at least in the second of his suggestions. It would be very disturbing to us if various tubal catheterization procedures had in fact entered routine clinical use by hundreds of physicians without proper prospective evaluation and proper approval of utilized equipment by the Food and Drug Administration. Our concern in this matter was exactly the reason that our study was designed as a prospective, multicenter trial. We are at present aware of only one other group that
NAEVES COMEDONICUS TREATMENT WITH RETINOIC ACID
Authors: JAMES W. DECUERD, OTTO MILLS, JAMES J. LEYDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Two patients are described with naevus comedonicus. Both patients were successfully treated with topical retinoic acid with a minimum of irritation. Continued periodic application of retinoic acid is necessary to prevent reaccumulation of horny material in the involved follicles.
Hantaviruses are a likely threat to NATO forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia
Authors: A. Markotić, J.W. LeDuc, D. Hlača, S. Rabatić, A. Šarčević, G. Dašić, A. Gagro, I. Kuzman, V. Barač, T. Avšič-Županc, I. Beus, D. Dekaris
Journal: Nature Medicine (1996)
Nosocomial acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis survey
Authors: Thomas M Aaberg, Harry W Flynn, Joyce Schiffman, Jean Newton
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the incidence of acute-onset (within 6 weeks after surgery) postoperative endophthalmitis and to assess the visual acuity outcomes after treatment over a 10-year period at one institution.Patients and methodsThis retrospective study reviews all surgical cases performed between January 1, 1984 and December 30, 1994 at the Anne Bates Leach Eye Hospital, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Medical Center, for the occurrence of nosocomial acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis.ResultsThe overall 10-year incidence of acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery was 0.093% (54/58, 123). The incidences of culture-proven acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis by surgical category were as follows: cataract surgery with or without intraocular lens (IOL) (0.082%, 34/41, 654), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) (0.046%, 3/6557), penetrating keratoplasty (0.178%, 5/2805), secondary IOL placement (0.366%, 5/1367), glaucoma surgeries (0.124%, 4/3233), combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery (0.114%, 2/1743), and combined penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery (0.194%, 1/515).The median visual acuity after endophthalmitis treatment was 20/200. The median visual acuities after endophthal- mitis treatment by procedure were as follows: cataract surgery with or without IOL (20/133), PPV (no light perception), penetrating keratoplasty (2/200), secondary IOL implantation (20/40), glaucoma surgery (20/80), and combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery with or without IOL (20/150).ConclusionsThe overall incidence of endophthalmitis after intraocular surgery was 0.093%. The incidence of endophthalmitis was higher after secondary IOL implantation than after cataract extraction (P = 0.008, Fisher's exact test). After treatment, the visual acuity outcomes were worse in the patients who developed endophthalmitis after PPV than after cataract extraction, glaucoma procedures, or secondary IOL implantation (P < 0.05, analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test). Acuity outcomes after treatment of endophthalmitis were better among the patients with secondary IOL implantation than after penetrating keratoplasty or PPV (P < 0.05, analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test). The results of this 10-year review from a large teaching center may serve as a source of comparison for other centers and future studies.
A Lecture ON ANGINA PECTORIS AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF ITS SURGICAL RELIEF: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London on May 5th
Authors: K. F. Wenckebach
Journal: BMJ (1924)

IT is so great a pleasture to me to find myself in London again amonigst many old friends, exchanging views and, as in olden times, fighting by strength of argument withmany la mem-ber of the British professioln, that I am in danger of overlooking the great and exceptional honour bestowed upon me by being allowed-nay, invited-to address this highly illustrious Royal College of Physicians, of which William Harvey was and is the everlasting glory.
ANESTHESIA IN TRAUMATIC SURGERY
Authors: GASTON TORRANCE
Journal: JAMA (1910)

On being asked by the committee to report on anesthesia in traumatic surgery from the Birmingham district, I sent a circular letter to a number of surgeons in this country and abroad, asking them to give their experience and observations in regard to this subject; and below will be found a condensed form of the reports submitted by them. Professor Eiselsberg writes that in the Vienna clinic they have a special station devoted to traumatic surgical cases. He advises that as small an amount of the anesthetic be used as possible. No morphin or scopolamin should be used in fractures of the skull as there is danger of sudden collapse. Morphin should precede the anesthetic in fractured ribs, thereby avoiding dyspnea. He prefers using Billroth's mixture (chloroform, ether and alcohol) followed by ether where a general anesthetic is to be used. Spinal anesthesia is to be used only where others
Obstructive sleep apnoea does not lead to clinically significant erythrocytosis
Authors: A. J. King, T. Eyre, T. Littlewood
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Keohane and colleagues report that obstructive sleep apnoea should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a secondary erythrocytosis.1 Obstructive sleep apnoea is also mentioned as a cause of secondary erythrocytosis in …
The Need for Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in T1/T2 Breast Cancer Surgery—Reply to Counterpoint
Authors: Monica Morrow
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

See Counterpoint by Sabel, [p. 7156][1]

Dr. M.S. Sabel states that the low accrual and low event rate of the ACOSOG Z011 study are reasons as to why the results may not be ready to be adopted. This is not consistent with his belief that completion of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be
Dramatic drop in HIV infections halts circumcision trials
Authors: Bob Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Men who are circumcised have about half the risk of acquiring HIV infection through vaginal intercourse as do men who are uncircumcised. Two randomised controlled trials in Uganda and Kenya, conducted with the support of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), reached that conclusion during interim analysis by a data safety monitoring committee. The trials were stopped early, and the announcement came on 13 December. 

The committee determined that the reduction in risk of acquiring HIV was 48% in Uganda and 53% in Kenya. The trials validate what was seen in a similar trial conducted in South Africa that was likewise stopped early when interim analysis in 2005 found that circumcision reduced female to male transmission of HIV by at least 60%. 

All three trials enrolled adult volunteers who wanted to be circumcised and randomised them to undergo the procedure immediately or after two years. All participants were …
Neutrophil formyl-peptide receptors. Relationship to peptide-induced responses and emphysema.
Authors: R A Stockley, R A Grant, C G Llewellyn-Jones, S L Hill, D Burnett
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

A reproducible assay was established to assess the number of formyl-peptide receptors expressed on the surface of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Using this assay the number of receptors was shown to demonstrate wide within- and between-subject variability. However, the receptor numbers were related to the chemotactic response (r = 0.572) and degranulation response (r = 0.512) to the peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Subsequent studies showed increased receptor numbers on PMN from patients with emphysema (median, 459 x 10(3)/cell; range, 207 to 1,080) as compared with age-matched control subjects (median, 288; range, 168 to 519; p < 0.02), which may explain the increased chemotactic response of the PMN to formyl peptides. This difference was not observed in patients with bronchiectasis, suggesting that the increased receptor number is a feature of emphysema. Furthermore, the increase was largely a feature of smokers with emphysema (median, 463; range, 362 to 1,080), whereas age-matched smokers without emphysema had lower numbers of receptors (p < 0.001; median, 332; range, 243 to 411). This observation suggests a mechanism that may explain the susceptibility of some smokers to the development of emphysema.
The Beneficial Effects of Early Dexamethasone Administration in Infants and Children with Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Carla M. Odio, Idis Faingezicht, Maria Paris, Martin Nassar, Aristides Baltodano, Jodi Rogers, Xavier Sáez-Llorens, Kurt D. Olsen, George H. McCragken
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In experimental models of meningitis and in children with meningitis, dexamethasone has been shown to reduce meningeal inflammation and to Improve the outcome of disease.
Tumor necrosis factor-induced reversal of adipocytic phenotype of 3T3-L1 cells is preceded by a loss of nuclear CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP).
Authors: D Ron, A R Brasier, R E McGehee, J F Habener
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used as a model for studying the effects of systemic inflammation on adipose tissue. Lipopolysaccharide-treated monocyte-conditioned medium or recombinant human TNF alpha induced morphological dedifferentiation of the adipocytes and led to loss of adipocyte specific gene expression. Gel shift, Southwestern and Western immunoblot analysis demonstrated that dedifferentiation was preceded by a decrease in the DNA binding activity and protein level of the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP). Liver activating protein, a related protein that binds identical DNA sequences, increased during cytokine treatment. Both proteins activate specific enhancer elements located in the promoter region of many genes whose transcription is altered during systemic inflammation. Pulse-chase labeling followed by immunoprecipitation demonstrated that C/EBP is a rapidly turning over protein in adipocytes and that cytokine treatment led to a specific, time dependent decrease in its rate of synthesis. Because C/EBP binding sites have been shown to play an important role in regulating the expression of genes involved in adipocyte metabolism, we propose that the TNF-induced changes in the complement of transcription factors binding those sites may be important in the pathogenesis of inflammation-induced atrophy of adipose tissue.
Regulation of renal bicarbonate reabsorption by extracellular volume
Authors: Neil A. Kurtzman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The ability of the kidney to reabsorb bicarbonate is held to be a function of plasma CO2 tension, carbonic anhydrase activity, and potassium stores. The effects of alterations of extracellular volume on bicarbonate reabsorption were studied in dogs whose arterial Pco2 was kept constant at 40 mm Hg (range 35-45 mm Hg).
Incidence of and risk factors for hepatitis A in Italy: public health indications from a 10-year surveillance
Authors: Alfonso Mele, Tommaso Stroffolini, Filippo Palumbo, Giovanni Gallo, Pietro Ragni, Emanuela Balocchini, Maria Elena Tosti, Rosamaria Corona, Antonella Marzolini, Angela Moiraghi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Book Review Psychogenic Movement Disorders: Neurology and Neuropsychiatry (Neurology Reference Series.) Edited by Mark Hallett, Stanley Fahn, Joseph Jankovic, Anthony E. Lang, C. Robert Cloninger, and Stuart C. Yudofsky. 353 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2006. $99. 0-7817-9627-X
Authors: William G. Ondo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
HG-08 * DISRUPTING THE EPIGENETIC MODIFIER HMGA2 IN DIPG AND GBM INHIBITS TUMOR INVASION, GROWTH AND TUMORIGENICITY
Authors: H. Kaur, M. Hutt-Cabezas, I. Taylor, M. Weingart, F. Rodriguez, C. Eberhart, E. Raabe
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and glioblastoma (GBM) are lethal, incurable brain tumors with poor prognosis. Identifying and targeting novel molecular markers regulating tumor invasion and growth can lead to development of better therapies. HMGA2, a minor-groove DNA-binding protein, is a transcriptional modulator in normal and cancer stem cells. We hypothesized that HMGA2 contributes to pediatric high grade glioma invasion and tumorigenicity through its ability to alter the transcription of large numbers of genes. We found increased expression of HMGA2 in a subset of GBM and DIPG tumors by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. We confirmed this result in multiple patient-derived tumor cell lines, including 4 DIPG neurosphere cell lines. Lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated reduction of HMGA2 in GBM cells significantly reduced invasion in transwell assay and colony formation in soft agar assay (shHMGA2 vs. shControl, P < 0.01). Similarly, shRNA mediated suppression of HMGA2 in DIPG cell lines reduced proliferation as measured by BrdU incorporation, reduced invasion by transwell assay and increased apoptosis by cleaved caspase-3 (CC-3) immunofluorescence (shHMGA2 vs. shControl, P < 0.01). Pharmacological inhibition of HMGA proteins using the DNA minor-groove binding drug Netropsin significantly inhibited growth (BrdU assay) and increased apoptosis (CC-3 immunofluorescence) of GBM and DIPG cell lines (P < 0.01). Mice bearing orthotopic GBM xenograft cell lines transduced with HMGA2 shRNA lived longer (median survival = 108 days) compared to control shRNA (67.5 days, P < 0.0001 by log-rank analysis). Our results suggest an oncogenic role of HMGA2 in promoting DIPG and GBM invasion and growth, identifying HMGA2 as a potential therapeutic target in these devastating tumors. Netropsin or other minor groove binding agents may be effective therapeutics for pediatric high-grade gliomas.
WITHDRAWN: Loss of hepatic HIF-1α accelerates lipid accumulation by inhibiting peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Takatomo Arai, Yuki Kato, Kenji Ishimoto, Mai Kanai, Satoko Shinjo, Keimon Sayama, Tomohiro Suzuki, Takefumi Doi, Randall S Johnson, Makoto Suematsu, Nobuhito Goda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)