tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 Inhibits Transcriptional Activity of Estrogen Receptor-α via Covalent Modification of DNA-Binding Domain
Authors: Han-Jong Kim, Joon-Young Kim, Zhaojing Meng, Li Hua Wang, Fa Liu, Thomas P. Conrads, Terrence R. Burke, Timothy D. Veenstra, William L. Farrar
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) inhibits proliferation of cancer cells, including breast cancers, by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)–dependent and PPARγ-independent mechanisms. However, little is known about its effect on the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) that plays vital roles in the growth of breast cancers. Here, we show that 15d-PGJ2 inhibits both 17β-estradiol (E2)–dependent and E2-independent ERα transcriptional activity by PPARγ-independent mechanism. In addition, 15d-PGJ2 directly modifies ERα protein via its reactive cyclopentenone moiety, evidenced by incorporation of biotinylated 15d-PGJ2 into ERα, both in vitro and in vivo. Nanoflow reverse-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis identifies two cysteines (Cys227 and Cys240) within the COOH-terminal zinc finger of ERα DNA-binding domain (DBD) as targets for covalent modification by 15d-PGJ2. Gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays show that 15d-PGJ2 inhibits DNA binding of ERα and subsequent repression of ERα target gene expression, such as pS2 and c-Myc. Therefore, our results suggest that 15d-PGJ2 can block ERα function by covalent modification of cysteine residues within the vulnerable COOH-terminal zinc finger of ERα DBD, resulting in fundamental inhibition of both hormone-dependent and hormone-independent ERα transcriptional activity. [Cancer Res 2007;67(6):2595–602]
Coarctation of Aorta Presenting as Cardiac Failure in Early Infancy
Authors: J. J. Kempton, D. J. Waterston
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Of ten cases of cardiac failure in the neonatal period or early infancy from the Thames valley areas served by the Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, and the Canadian Hospital, Taplow, and seen by one of us (J.J. K.) during the last three years, four have been cases of coarctation of the aorta.Each, after a period of medical treatment, was transferred to the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, where resection (D.J. W.) was carried out.This paper is an account of the four cases, with a discussion of the problems and the possibilities of diagnosis and treatment which they have seemed to illustrate.No details of investigations are given, and treatment is described in outline only.Case 1 A baby boy was first seen in August, 1954, in domiciliary consultation, when 12 days old.Difficulty in feeding had begun on the seventh day, the baby having seemed normal until then.The nurse had noticed that he became breath- less after sucking for a few minutes, and had choked over several breast feeds.Apart from feeds his mother said that she had twice woken up in the night and heard him panting.He had regained his birth weight of 8 lb. 2 oz.(3,685 g.).There had been no cyanosis, but both mother and nurse thought he looked a little grey sometimes.The family doctor had observed the breathlessness and suspected a heart abnormality.On examination he did not look ill, and was afebrile.His respiratory rate varied from 30 to 50 and on sucking rose to 90 in about three minutes.His pulse rate was 140 and regular, the arm pulses being easily felt.Heart sounds were normal with no murmurs.Blood pressure in the right arm was 130/70 mm.Hg; femoral pulses could not be felt.Breath sounds were normal.The liver edge was felt at the level of the umbilicus.Limb movements and reflexes were normal and there was no oedema.He was admitted
S3 Factors for successful treatment completion among MDR TB cases in the UK
Authors: L. F. A. Anderson, S. T. Tamne, J. W. Watson, I. A. Abubakar
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Background UK guidelines recommend at least 18 months treatment for patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). Prior to 2008, treatment completion was only available for 12 months nationally in the UK, therefore the proportion completing treatment was unknown. There is also a lack of recent guidance for the treatment and management of MDR TB cases in resource rich low TB incidence settings. Aims To report the treatment outcome at 24 months for MDR TB patients between 2004 and 2007 and examine treatment regimens and management associated with successful outcomes, taking clinical, social and demographic factors into account. Methods A retrospective cohort study was used to follow-up MDR TB patients at 24 months. Patients were identified using the national surveillance system which contains demographic and clinical characteristics of cases and is matched routinely to reference laboratory data. Questionnaires were sent out to case managers to collect information on outcome of care and associated risk factors for treatment completion. Results 69.6% (142/204) of patients completed treatment at 24 months and 2.9% (6) of these completed treatment within 12 months. 4.4% (9) were still on treatment, 6.9% (14) had their treatment stopped, 6.9% (14) died, 7.8% (16) were lost to follow-up and 4.4% (9) were transferred overseas. Only 40.3% (77/191) patients started on treatment received directly observed therapy at any time. Treatment with a recommended fluoroquinolone (OR=2.3; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.2, p<0.000) or a bacteriostatic (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.6 to 5.3, p=0.001), a change in treatment regimen (OR=2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.0, p=0.01) and treatment with four or more effective drugs (OR=2.0; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8, p=0.02) were significantly associated with a successful treatment outcome. Conclusion The proportion of MDR TB cases completing treatment is similar to cases with drug susceptible disease due to the use of individualised treatment regimens. However, treatment completion still remains below World Health Organization targets.
Inhibition of differentiation, amplification, and function of human TH17 cells by intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Mohan S. Maddur, Janakiraman Vani, Pushpa Hegde, Sebastien Lacroix-Desmazes, Srini V. Kaveri, Jagadeesh Bayry
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Malignant Disease of both Ovaries
Authors: M. Charteris
Journal: BMJ (1875)

with well marked gastric and hepatic disturbance.Sometimes this :stage is as well pronounced as in the severe remittents of a malarial locality in the tropics.With the above symptoms, there is severe headache, generally frontal.The temperature-curve differs widely from that in true malarial fever; it does not rise rapidly; and some days elapse before it attains its maximum, which appears to be 104 to .105deg.; and this, as I have mentioned, is often maintained for forty, ;fifty, sixty, and even seventy days, with, as the unavoidable result, wasting and degeneration of muscular tissue and excessive prostration.
Laparoscopic Live Donor Nephrectomy With the Use of 3-mm Instruments and Laparoscope: Initial Experience at a Tertiary Center
Authors: Alberto Breda, Juan Manuel Villamizar, Oscar Rodriguez Faba, Claudia Caliolo, Armando de Gracia, Luis Gausa, Javier Ponce de Leon, Humberto Villavicencio
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Tissue-type plasminogen activator is a neuroprotectant in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Ramiro Echeverry, Jialing Wu, Woldeab B. Haile, Johanna Guzman, Manuel Yepes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The best-known function of the serine protease tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is as a thrombolytic enzyme. However, it is also found in structures of the brain that are highly vulnerable to hypoxia-induced cell death, where its association with neuronal survival is poorly understood. Here, we have demonstrated that hippocampal areas of the mouse brain lacking tPA activity are more vulnerable to neuronal death following an ischemic insult. We found that sublethal hypoxia, which elicits tolerance to subsequent lethal hypoxic/ischemic injury in a natural process known as ischemic preconditioning (IPC), induced a rapid release of neuronal tPA. Treatment of hippocampal neurons with tPA induced tolerance against a lethal hypoxic insult applied either immediately following insult (early IPC) or 24 hours later (delayed IPC). tPA-induced early IPC was independent of the proteolytic activity of tPA and required the engagement of a member of the LDL receptor family. In contrast, tPA-induced delayed IPC required the proteolytic activity of tPA and was mediated by plasmin, the NMDA receptor, and PKB phosphorylation. We also found that IPC in vivo increased tPA activity in the cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) layer and Akt phosphorylation in the hippocampus, as well as ischemic tolerance in wild-type but not tPA- or plasminogen-deficient mice. These data show that tPA can act as an endogenous neuroprotectant in the murine hippocampus.
ARTHRITIS AND LOWER CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM A POPULATION BASED STUDY
Authors: Ty Whitfield, Charity Morgan, Fadi Hage, Cynthia J. Brown, Kenneth Saag, Sumanth Prabhu, Gregg Fonarow, Wilbert Aronow, Ali Ahmed
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A practical approach to the diagnosis of systemic amyloidoses
Authors: Carlos Fernández de Larrea, Laura Verga, Patrizia Morbini, Catherine Klersy, Francesca Lavatelli, Andrea Foli, Laura Obici, Paolo Milani, Gian Luca Capello, Marco Paulli, Giovanni Palladini, Giampaolo Merlini
Journal: Blood (2015)
Dynamic imaging of pancreatic diseases by contrast enhanced coded phase inversion harmonic ultrasonography
Authors: M Kitano
Journal: Gut (2004)

Coded phase inversion harmonic ultrasonography, a newly available sonographic technique, enables visualisation of slow flow in minute vessels in a real time fashion with the use of a sonographic contrast agent containing monosaccharide. Our purpose was to employ this novel technique to observe microvessels in pancreatic tumours.Sixty five patients with suspicious pancreatic tumours received contrast enhanced coded phase inversion harmonic ultrasonography, contrast enhanced computed tomography, and endosonography. Final diagnoses based on histological findings were pancreatic ductal carcinomas in 49 patients, inflammatory pseudotumours with chronic pancreatitis in seven, and endocrine tumours in nine. For contrast enhanced coded harmonic ultrasonography, Levovist, a contrast agent, was injected intravenously as a bolus. When the first microbubble signal appeared in the pancreas, images of the ideal scanning plane were displayed in a real time continuous fashion (vessel images). Subsequently, interval delay scanning (perfusion images) was taken to demonstrate parenchymal flow. Tumour vascularity was evaluated by using the two types of imaging. Sensitivities for depicting pancreatic tumours were compared between three examinations.Contrast enhanced ultrasonography demonstrated tumour vessels in 67% of pancreatic ductal carcinomas, although most were relatively hypovascular compared with the surrounding pancreatic tissue. The vascular patterns of tumours obtained by contrast enhanced ultrasonography were closely correlated with those obtained by contrast enhanced computed tomography. Values for sensitivity in depicting pancreatic tumours of 2 cm or less in size were 68% for contrast enhanced computed tomography, 95% for endosonography, and 95% for contrast enhanced ultrasonography.Contrast enhanced coded phase inversion harmonic ultrasonography successfully visualised fine vessels in pancreatic tumours and may play a pivotal role in the depiction and differential diagnosis of pancreatic tumours.
Degradation of porstaglandin F2alpha in the human pulmonary circulation.
Authors: P Jose, U Niederhauser, P J Piper, C Robinson, A P Smith
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Degradation of prostaglandins (PGs) during passage through the human pulmonary circulation was investigated by measuring the transpulmonary plasma PGF2 alpha difference during continuous intravenous infusion of PGF2 alpha (5-10 mug/min). Seven patients with cardiological disorders and two patients with extensive pulmonary abnormalities were investigated during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. PGF2 alpha levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The seven cardiac patients were found to have transpulmonary PGF2 alpha differences of 47-88%, indicating metabolism of the PG in the lungs. A patient with extensive bronchiectasis had an apparently normal transpulmonary PGF2alpha difference despite gross abnormalities in routine lung function tests. A patient with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension showed no metabolism of PGF2alpha in the pulmonary circulation. The results show that PG degradation is an aspect of normal lung function and suggest that it becomes imparied when extensive pulmonary vascular damage exists.
Covalent immobilisation of tropoelastin on a plasma deposited interface for enhancement of endothelialisation on metal surfaces
Authors: Yongbai Yin, Steven G. Wise, Neil J. Nosworthy, Anna Waterhouse, Daniel V. Bax, Hani Youssef, Michael J. Byrom, Marcela M.M. Bilek, David R. McKenzie, Anthony S. Weiss, Martin K.C. Ng
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Erlotinib in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Efficacy and Safety Findings of the Global Phase IV Tarceva Lung Cancer Survival Treatment Study
Authors: Martin Reck, Nico van Zandwijk, Cesare Gridelli, Zoltan Baliko, Danny Rischin, Simon Allan, Maciej Krzakowski, David Heigener
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Novel Implantable Device to Detect Cardiac Allograft Rejection
Authors: Tetsuya Horai, Hideyuki Fumoto, Diyar Saeed, Roula Zahr, Tomohiro Anzai, Yoko Arakawa, Shanaz Shalli, Chiyo Ootaki, Jacquelyn Catanese, Masatoshi Akiyama, Carmela D. Tan, E. Rene Rodriguez, James B. Young, Kiyotaka Fukamachi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Allograft rejection remains the nemesis of solid organ transplantation. Soul Mate is a novel implantable wireless data transmission system that analyzes 9 intramyocardial electrogram parameters recorded from 4 or 6 configurations of 2 or 3 epicardial leads to detect allograft rejection. This study determined the ability of the Soul Mate to detect early rejection of transplanted hearts.Five dogs underwent heterotopic cervical heart transplantation and simultaneous implantation of the Soul Mate's Cardiac Rejection Monitoring Device. Dogs were initially immunosuppressed, but subsequent drug discontinuation allowed allograft rejection to appear. Allograft biopsies were performed at regular intervals to determine rejection grade, which was compared to a calculated rejection score determined as percent change from baseline of values for each intramyocardial electrogram. There was significant correlation between the biopsy results and the evolution of 5 parameters. The strongest correlation (r=0.939; P<0.001) was obtained using the "general median" parameter from 4 configurations, assessed 1 day before the biopsy, with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 100% compared to the myocardial biopsy results.The Soul Mate allograft rejection monitoring system accurately detected transplanted heart rejection in a canine model noninvasively with continuous sampling. This proof-of-concept study suggests that the Soul Mate could be used to more intensely and more frequently monitor cardiac allografts for rejection.
Postlabeling methods for carcinogen-DNA adduct analysis.
Authors: K Randerath, E Randerath, H P Agrawal, R C Gupta, M E Schurdak, M V Reddy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Radioactive carcinogens have provided most of our present knowledge about the chemistry of interactions between carcinogens and biological systems. The requirement of radioactive carcinogens has restricted carcinogen-DNA binding studies to chemicals that are readily available in isotopically labeled form, i.e., a minute fraction of all potentially mutagenic or carcinogenic chemicals. To extend the scope of carcinogen-DNA binding studies, an alternative method, which does not require radioactive test chemicals, has been developed. In this approach, radioactivity (32P) is being incorporated into DNA constituents by polynucleotide kinase-catalyzed [32P]phosphate transfer from [gamma-32P]ATP after exposure of the DNA in vitro or in vivo to a nonradioactive, covalently binding chemical, and evidence for the alteration of DNA nucleotides is provided by the appearance of extra spots on autoradiograms of thin-layer chromatograms of digests of the chemically modified DNA. Quantitation of adduct levels is accomplished by scintillation counting. The sensitivity of the technique depends on the experimental conditions for 32P-labeling and on the chemical structure of the adducts. Greater sensitivity may be achieved if adducts can be separated as a class from the normal nucleotides. This is the case for an estimated 80% of all carcinogens, giving rise to bulky and/or aromatic substituents in DNA. Under the present conditions, one such adduct in 10(9) to 10(10) normal nucleotides can be detected. A total of approximately 80 compounds has been studied thus far Binding to DNA of rodent tissues was readily detected by the 32P-postlabeling assay for all known carcinogens among these compounds, and adducts were detected in DNA from human placenta of smokers.
Percutaneous Mitral Repair With the MitraClip System
Authors: Ted Feldman, Saibal Kar, Michael Rinaldi, Peter Fail, James Hermiller, Richard Smalling, Patrick L. Whitlow, William Gray, Reginald Low, Howard C. Herrmann, Scott Lim, Elyse Foster, Donald Glower
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Acute ‘relaxer’-associated scarring alopecia: a report of five cases
Authors: N.P. Khumalo, K. Pillay, R.M. Ngwanya
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Relaxers, the chemicals used to straighten African hair, are usually divided into two groups: ‘lye’ (mostly sodium hydroxide) and ‘no lye’ (usually guanidine hydroxide).1 Both groups act by breaking down disulphide bonds present in hair keratins. Disulphide bonds are responsible not only for the inherent strength of hair but also for its tight curls. Relaxers are applied to hair for about 10–20 min, only to new growth in the case of repeat applications. After copious rinsing, a neutralizer is applied to reverse the chemical reaction. Disulphide bonds then reform across keratins arranged in the new, straight, shape. Adverse effects include convincing cases of contact dermatitis2 and alopecia due to incorrect formulations,3 and a large less‐defined group with or without evidence of suspected abuse (hair breakage, scarring alopecia).4, 5 We report a series of five patients who presented to our hair clinic over a 3‐year period with a history of discomfort which started during or within minutes of a salon hair relaxation procedure. In all patients the discomfort lasted for at least a few days and healed with patches of hair loss that have persisted. Two patients presented within 2 weeks. Patient 1 presented with papules and nodules, but no pus, in a background of erythema which healed with scarring (Fig. 1a). Patient 4 presented with significant erythema on the vertex somewhat suggestive of contact dermatitis; her standard battery patch test was negative and histology of the epidermis did not show evidence of spongiosis. Although seen late, and a few years older than the others, patient 5 is a medical practitioner and gave a convincing history of symptom onset and disease progression. Although the vertex of the scalp was involved and healed with scarring in all subjects, the lesions extended beyond the vertex in two subjects (patients 2 and 5). The trade names of the products used were substituted with the groups into which they fall, i.e. ‘lye’ or ‘no lye’. The characteristics of the patients are summarized in Table 1.
Doctor who ran nursing home is cleared of professional misconduct
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The former chief executive of a private healthcare company in Britain was found not guilty of serious professional misconduct by the General Medical Council last week after a High Court judicial review struck out many of the charges against him.

Chai Patel faced misconduct charges over alleged mistreatment of elderly residents at Lynde House in Twickenham, Middlesex, owned by Westminster Healthcare, the company of which he was chief executive from 1999 to 2002.

His case, taken to the GMC by a group of residents' relatives, was seen as a test case to decide the responsibility that doctors who run a business such as a chain of care homes have towards …
1025-64 Long-term clinical outcome of catheter-based intramyocardial autologous bone marrow cells implantation in patients with end-stage coronary artery diseases
Authors: Hung-Fat Tse, Sukumaran Thambar, Yok-Lam Kwong, John K.F Chan, Gladys Lo, Chi-Lai Ho, Wai-Hong Chen, Grey Bellan, Chu-Pak Lau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
PREVENTABLE DEAFNESS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SUCCESS.
Authors: JAMES G. H. NICHOLS
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The conception of government in its modern sense involves many ideas and tendencies formerly unthought of or unheeded, but which are beginning to be considered fundamental and necessary principles in their application to the present generation, and more especially to those following. In our own department of thought and activity, preventive medicine has made great strides, and is now recognized as it should rightly be, as precedent and superior to curative medicine. The subject I wish to bring briefly to your attention is one which I believe to properly come within the scope of our discussion, and to justify such attention by its importance. It is the occurrence of deafness in children, the causes of the same, and the question whether the State, through a properly qualified medical officer of the school board, should not insist on the early detection and remedying of this, as well as other kinds of
BLISTERING BY SUGGESTION.
Authors: H. C. B. ALEXANDER
Journal: JAMA (1895)

As early as 1840 Dr. Lewis Prejalmini with "magnetized" paper produced the effect of cantharides. As Bjornstrom remarks, suggestion not"magnetized" paper caused the blistering. Bjornstrom demonstrates that, by suggestion, congestion may be produced, carried to raised swelling of the skin, to a blister like that of cantharides, to bloody transudation and even to complete formation of a wound. Charcot and his pupils thus produced all the phenomena of burns. Beaunis hypnotized a susceptible subject, told her that upon awakening she would have a red spot under her forearm which he tapped slightly but so as to avoid redness from pressure. Ten minutes after awakening there was evident redness at the place touched which increased in size, was visible about twenty minutes and then gradually disappeared. By suggestion Beaunis could cause the mark to remain forty-eight hours. Facachon informed a hypnotized susceptible subject that a topoalgic spot would be blistered by
My minor omission
Authors: Michael Burg
Journal: BMJ (2004)

“Push, push, push, puuuuuush,” I command. The labouring woman in lithotomy position before me focuses, bears down, and complies with a vigorous effort.

The nurses on either side supporting her legs encourage as well: “Give a good push, dear. Come on, push this little baby out into the world.” We labour together, the mother, as always, doing most of the work. The nurses, my “assistants,” know more than I do at this early point in my medical career. However, as an intern on rotation to obstetrics and gynaecology, I feel that I must have attended a billion deliveries this month. “I could do this in my sleep,” I think, which is a damn good thing because I am practically comatose, the result of far too many …
Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a Rapidly Progressing Liquefaction Necrosis of Mitral Annulus Calcification Associated With Embolic Stroke
Authors: On Chen, Nripen Dontineni, Ghaith Nahlawi, Geetha P. Bhumireddy, Seol Young Han, Yakoub Katri, Iosif M. Gulkarov, Daniel G. Ciaburri, Anthony J. Tortolani, Richard S. Lazzaro, Terrence J. Sacchi, Joshua A. Socolow, John F. Heitner
Journal: Circulation (2012)