tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunochemical analysis and immunogenicity of the type II group B streptococcal capsular polysaccharide.
Authors: D L Kasper, C J Baker, B Galdes, E Katzenellenbogen, H J Jennings
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

The relationship between group B streptococcal (GBS) type-specific antisera and the type II-specific polysaccharide is evaluated from a structural and immunologic viewpoint. Although all GBS type-specific polysaccharides are composed of the same monosaccharides, the type II antigen is more complex structurally and contains these sugars in a molar ratio different from the other antigens. Type II polysaccharide has two side chains. One contains only sialic acid and is less susceptible to acid cleavage than sialic acid residues found on types III, Ia, and Ib polysaccharides. The other side chain is composed of galactose as the only sugar. Immunochemical studies demonstrate that the type II polysaccharide has several immunodeterminants. One of these determinants is likely to be the side-chain galactose, while sialic acid appears to comprise part of another immunodeterminant, more complex than sialic acid alone. A series of cross-reactions is demonstrated between the type II native antigen and antisera to serotypes Ia, III, and Ib by a sensitive radioactive antigen-binding assay, which account for additional, complex immunodeterminants. The strongest of these cross-reactions is with type Ia antiserum and the weakest with Ib antiserum. Since Ia and Ib polysaccharides differ in only one linkage, these findings suggest that the trisaccharide beta D-N-acetyl-glucosamine-p(1 leads to 3) beta D-galactose-p(1 leads to 4) beta D-glucose-p [[beta D-GlcNAcp(1 leads to 3) beta D-Galp(1 leads to 4)beta D-Glcap]] is the likely common site responsible for the interaction of the type II native polysaccharide and type Ia antiserum. Another cross-reaction is observed between type III antiserum and type II native antigen. Inhibition studies indicate that the most likely cross-reactive determinant in this case is [beta D-Galp(1 leads to 4)beta D-GlcNAcp]. Type II polysaccharide has been utilized in a human vaccine trial to test safety and immunogenicity. The polysaccharide is highly immunogenic, inducing an antibody response in 95% of recipients, and nontoxic, with side-effects confined to minimal local reactions. Despite the cross-reactions observed between type-specific antigens and antibody prepared by immunization of rabbits with whole bacteria, which suggest shared immunodeterminants, similar cross-reactions were not detected in human sera after immunization with purified type II polysaccharide.
Hepatic estrogen receptor α improves hepatosteatosis through upregulation of small heterodimer partner
Authors: Xiaolin Wang, Yan Lu, E. Wang, Zhijian Zhang, Xuelian Xiong, Huijie Zhang, Jieli Lu, Sheng Zheng, Jian Yang, Xuefeng Xia, Shuyu Yang, Xiaoying Li
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Cell surface immunoglobulin. XI. The appearance of an IgD-like molecule on murine lymphoid cells during ontogeny.
Authors: E S Vitetta, U Melcher, M McWilliams, M E Lamm, J M Phillips-Quagliata, J W Uhr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

An Ig molecule containing L chains and H chains similar to human delta-chains has been detected on the surface of radioiodinated murine lymphoid cells. Newborn mice have only IgM on their splenocytes. Between 10 and 15 days, the IgD-like molecule appears and increases in amount until 3 mo of age, when it is the predominant cell surface Ig in terms of radioactivity. IgD is found only in peripheral lymphoid tissues and is present in larger amounts on peripheral lymph node cells (approximately 85% of surface Ig) than on splenocytes (approximately 50%). IgD is also present in comparable amounts on cells from both nu/nu and germfree mice, indicating that its expression may be independent of both thymic influence and antigenic stimulation. These studies suggest that there is a switch from cell surface IgM to IgD that occurs during differentiation of virgin B lymphocytes in the spleen.
Regulated overexpression of interleukin 11 in the lung. Use to dissociate development-dependent and -independent phenotypes.
Authors: P Ray, W Tang, P Wang, R Homer, C Kuhn, R A Flavell, J A Elias
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Standard overexpression transgenic approaches are limited in their ability to model waxing and waning diseases and frequently superimpose development-dependent and -independent phenotypic manifestations. We used the clara cell 10-kD protein (CC10) promoter and the reverse tetracycline transactivator (rtTA) to create a lung-specific, externally regulatable, overexpression transgenic system and used this system to express human interleukin 11 (IL-11) in respiratory structures. Gene induction could be achieved in utero, in neonates and in adult animals. Moreover, gene expression could be turned off by removal of the inducing stimulus. When gene activation was initiated in utero and continued into adulthood, subepithelial airway fibrosis, peribronchiolar mononuclear nodules, and alveolar enlargement (emphysema) were noted. Induction in the mature lung caused airway remodeling and peribronchiolar nodules, but alveolar enlargement was not appreciated. In contrast, induction in utero and during the first 14 d of life caused alveolar enlargement without airway remodeling or peribronchiolar nodules. Thus, IL-11 overexpression causes abnormalities that are dependent (large alveoli) and independent (airway remodeling, peribronchiolar nodules) of lung growth and development, and the CC10-rtTA system can be used to differentiate among these effector functions. The CC10-rtTA transgenic system can be used to model waxing and waning, childhood and growth and development-related biologic processes with enhanced fidelity.
Pathology of Occupational Lung Disease
Authors: Walter F. Coulson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This book is a combined Canadian, American, and British text, almost two thirds of it dealing with diseases produced by the mineral dusts coal, silica, silicates, and asbestos. The remaining chapters are devoted to diseases caused by metals, including beryllium, synthetic mineral fibers, and allergic states and some miscellaneous conditions. The book is introduced by a helpful chapter on methods for pathological examination in occupational lung disease, which includes general pathogenesis and basic gross and microscopic changes, and briefly touches on clinical features and the International Labour Office classification. There is a list of analytic techniques for foreign material, and I wish there had been some way of informing readers where to get these done. Insofar as the large lung section technique of Gough and Wentworth is used to illustrate many of the conditions throughout the book, I am surprised that the methodology of this useful technique is not described.
De novo mutations in the actin genes ACTB and ACTG1 cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome
Authors: Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Bregje W M van Bon, Alexander Hoischen, Stanislav S Kholmanskikh, Brian J O'Roak, Christian Gilissen, Sabine Gijsen, Christopher T Sullivan, Susan L Christian, Omar A Abdul-Rahman, Joan F Atkin, Nicolas Chassaing, Valerie Drouin-Garraud, Andrew E Fry, Jean-Pierre Fryns, Karen W Gripp, Marlies Kempers, Tjitske Kleefstra, Grazia M S Mancini, Małgorzata J M Nowaczyk, Conny M A van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Tony Roscioli, Michael Marble, Jill A Rosenfeld, Victoria M Siu, Bert B A de Vries, Jay Shendure, Alain Verloes, Joris A Veltman, Han G Brunner, M Elizabeth Ross, Daniela T Pilz, William B Dobyns
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Restoration of Speech in Severe Aphasia by Intravenous and Oral Priscol
Authors: S. Smith, E. C. Turton
Journal: BMJ (1951)

Three further cases of congenital duplication of the small intestine are recorded, and attention is drawn to the associa- tion of the condition with enterogenous cysts of the chest.We are grateful to Messrs. Hoffmann-LaRoche for the free supply of synkavit.
The Resource-Based Relative Value Scale
Authors: James V. Maloney
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) introduced on January 1,1992, a fee schedule<sup>1</sup>for physician payment under Medicare based on the resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) of Hsiao et al.<sup>2</sup>In 1988, the then—chief administrator of HCFA outlined in detail why RBRVS was inappropriate for reform of the Medicare payment system<sup>3</sup>(a skepticism that is said to persist within HCFA today). Congress nevertheless mandated the use of the RBRVS by HCFA. I criticized the RBRVS<sup>4</sup>for, among other things, the fact that the scale attempts to establish relative values among specialties based on the putative value of different types of work without considering that some specialties are known to work many more hours per week than others. Fairness in designing a payment system requires that hourly reimbursement rates be computed. See also p 3313. The Commentaries of Hsiao et al<sup>5</sup>and Radecki et al<sup>6</sup>
GW25-e5142 rs3740835 Variant in Kcnj5 Gene Related to the CT Scan-Based Adrenal Hyperplasia in Patients with Primary Aldsteronism
Authors: Yao Xiaoguang, Li Nanfang, Zhang Delian, Chang Guijuan, Zhou Keming, Luo Qin, Hu Junli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Durable engraftment of major histocompatibility complex–incompatible cells after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine, low-dose total body irradiation, and posttransplantation cyclophosphamide
Authors: Leo Luznik, Sanju Jalla, Laura W. Engstrom, Robert Iannone, Ephraim J. Fuchs
Journal: Blood (2001)
Tuberculosis treatment is expensive for patients in developing countries
Authors: E. Bevan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—I was disappointed to read of the attitude of the World Health Organisation and others to the use of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) for tuberculosis.1 Such treatment is described as a cheap and effective public health breakthrough. The failure of the method is blamed on doctors explicitly by Sir John Crofton and implicitly by the director of …
PREDICTORS OF SUPER-RESPONDERS TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY: RESULTS FROM CUBIC STUDY
Authors: Koji Tanaka, Koichi Inoue, Yuko Toyoshima, Takafumi Oka, Nobuaki Tanaka, Yohei Sotomi, Yoichi Nozato, Takaaki Isshiki, Takeshi Kimura, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi, Kenji Ando, Satoshi Shizuta, Takeshi Arita, Satoki Fujii, Katsuomi Iwakura, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Arrhythmias in the Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
Authors: Anthony N. DeMARIA, Ezra A. Amsterdam, Louis A. Vismara, Alexander Neumann, Dean T. Mason
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Ambulatory monitoring and maximal treadmill exercise were compared in 40 normal subjects and 31 patients with mitral prolapse. A variable arrhythmia spectrum was observed in prolapse during monitoring: premature ventricular contractions in 18 (58%), supraventricular arrhythmias in 11 (35%), and bradyarrhythmias in 9 (29%). Significantly less arrhythmias occurred in normal subjects during monitoring: 10 (25%, P > 0.001), 3 (8%, P < 0.001), 4 (10%, P < 0.05), and 2 (5%, P < 0.02), respectively. In patients with prolapse, arrhythmias occurred on resting electrocardiogram (ECG), 35% premature ventricular contractions, 6% supraventricular arrhythmias, and 10% bradyarrhythmias, and on treadmill exercise, 45%, 10%, and 3%; therefore, ambulatory monitoring was the most sensitive method of arrhythmia detection. No correlation existed between clinical features of prolapse and arrhythmias. Thus, arrhythmias occur in most patients with mitral prolapse, are not predictable by clinical characteristics, comprise a spectrum of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and bradyarrhythmias, and are best detected by ambulatory ECG monitoring.
Spontaneous Ischemic Proctitis—A New Entity.
Authors: H. M. Spiro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Spontaneous Ischemic Proctitis—A New Entity.H. M. Spiro, M.D., F.A.C.P., Z. Kilpatrick, M.D., R. Yesner, M.D., J. Farman, M.D.H. M. Spiro, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Z. Kilpatrick, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. Yesner, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. Farman, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1150_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHitherto, ishemic damage to the colon has been observed only in the proximal and descending colon, and the general opinion has been that the distal sigmoid and rectum are spared in spontaneous vascular disease. It is the purpose of this report to show that, in fact, spontaneous ischemic disease of the rectum and sigmoid is not rare as a result of small-vessel disease.Observations in 14 patients have led to the definition of a syndrome clinically, radiologically, and histologically recognizable as spontaneous ischemic disease of the rectum and sigmoid. The patient usually complains of abdominal pain, alteration of bowel function,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Haven, Connecticut PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLiterature and References 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1150-1150KeywordsAbdominal painColonRectumVascular diseases Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Randomized Phase III Trial to Test Accelerated Versus Standard Fractionation in Combination With Concurrent Cisplatin for Head and Neck Carcinomas in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0129 Trial: Long-Term Report of Efficacy and Toxicity
Authors: Phuc Felix Nguyen-Tan, Qiang Zhang, K. Kian Ang, Randal S. Weber, David I. Rosenthal, Denis Soulieres, Harold Kim, Craig Silverman, Adam Raben, Thomas J. Galloway, André Fortin, Elizabeth Gore, William H. Westra, Christine H. Chung, Richard C. Jordan, Maura L. Gillison, Marcie List, Quynh-Thu Le
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

We tested the efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin plus accelerated fractionation with a concomitant boost (AFX-C) versus standard fractionation (SFX) in locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (LA-HNC).
Posterior circulation ischaemic stroke
Authors: A. Merwick, D. Werring
Journal: BMJ (2014)

#### Summary points

About 20-25% (range 17-40%) of the 150 000 ischaemic strokes in the United Kingdom each year affect posterior circulation brain structures (including the brainstem, cerebellum, midbrain, thalamuses, and areas of temporal and occipital cortex), which are supplied by the vertebrobasilar arterial system.1 Early recognition of posterior circulation stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) may prevent disability and save lives, but it remains more difficult to recognise and treat effectively than other stroke types. Delayed or incorrect diagnosis may have devastating consequences, including potentially preventable death or severe disability, if acute treatment or secondary prevention is delayed.2 The annual adjusted incidence of posterior circulation infarction was estimated at 18 per 100 000 person years (95% confidence interval 10/100 000 to 26/100 000) in an Australian study.3 Preceding posterior circulation TIA or other transient brainstem symptoms, particularly if recurrent, signal a high risk of impending ischaemic stroke and should prompt specialist urgent referral for further management.4 New acute treatment options and stroke prevention strategies specific to …
Given the Choice
Authors: William A. Hensel
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Points: The radiologists group and group committee
Authors: F W Wright, M Goldman
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Dr. Butler claims that I have "further-tarnished the reputation of Chile," nd he recommends that "further interchange ofdoctors takes placeso.thatmore people -may appreciate the freedom enjoyed by medical staff there, thus destrying the.ppular nusconceptions represented by thisarticle."My artcle did inl actcontai a strong plea that the medical professiot should not ostracise Chile, and that more British doctors should consier -ex- changes there.Aisl said in the article, this *will-e helpful to the profession in Chile.Whether it wl achieve Dr Eutler's intention of helping "more people-to appreciate the f0eedonm enjoyed 0-by medical staff there, thus destroying popglar mis- conceptions as perpetuated by this article" is more than doubtful.
Down-Regulation of the Interferon Signaling Pathway in T Lymphocytes from Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Rebecca J Critchley-Thorne, Ning Yan, Serban Nacu, Jeffrey Weber, Susan P Holmes, Peter P Lee
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Dysfunction of the immune system has been documented in many types of cancers. The precise nature and molecular basis of immune dysfunction in the cancer state are not well defined.
Mitochondrial hepatopathies: Advances in genetics and pathogenesis
Authors: Way S. Lee, Ronald J. Sokol
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Hepatic involvement is a common feature in childhood mitochondrial hepatopathies, particularly in the neonatal period. Respiratory chain disorders may present as neonatal acute liver failure, hepatic steatohepatitis, cholestasis, or cirrhosis with chronic liver failure of insidious onset. In recent years, specific molecular defects (mutations in nuclear genes such as SCO1, BCS1L, POLG, DGUOK, and MPV17 and the deletion or rearrangement of mitochondrial DNA) have been identified, with the promise of genetic and prenatal diagnosis. The current treatment of mitochondrial hepatopathies is largely ineffective, and the prognosis is generally poor. The role of liver transplantation in patients with liver failure remains poorly defined because of the systemic nature of the disease, which does not respond to transplantation. Prospective, longitudinal, multicentered studies will be needed to address the gaps in our knowledge in these rare liver diseases.
Early diagnosis and treatment: the goal of hepatitis C screening
Authors: N. Selvapatt, A. Brown, M. Thursz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Koretz and colleagues correctly highlight the need for robust evidence for hepatitis C screening, but a few points warrant a more balanced discussion.1

The impact of hepatitis C should not be underestimated. Deaths associated with hepatitis C trebled in the UK between 1996 and 2010. By 2020, an estimated 15 480 infected people in the UK will have associated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma.2

The US birth cohort screening programme …
Mystery of "7000 extra doctors" explained
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The 7000 “extra” doctors pledged for the NHS, will not be new doctors, it has been revealed. Rather, they will be derived from the current annual 2.3% expansion in the medical workforce, better recruitment and return measures, and a quota from overseas, over the next three years.

The figures, which also included 15000 additional nurses, were announced last month as part of the government's comprehensive spending review, which amounts to £21bn ($34bn) for the NHS spread over three years …
Attempted Suicide With Clofibrate
Authors: Arnold H. Greenhouse
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Clofibrate, a drug with lipid-lowering and anticoagulant properties, is being used extensively in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Few toxic effects result from regular doses in man or large amounts in animals; effects of large quantities in man are unknown. A 15-year-old boy who took 49 capsules of clofibrate is, to our knowledge, the first known instance of attempted suicide with this medication. He showed no clinical or laboratory evidence of harm from this large amount, and remained asymptomatic during the entire period of observation.
Association Between Plasma Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Concentration and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Middle-Aged Diabetic and Nondiabetic Individuals
Authors: Lorenzo Piemonti, Giliola Calori, Guido Lattuada, Alessia Mercalli, Francesca Ragogna, Maria Paola Garancini, Giacomo Ruotolo, Livio Luzi, Gianluca Perseghin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a chemokine involved into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and has prognostic value in the acute and chronic phases in patients with acute coronary syndromes.MCP-1/CCL2 concentration was measured in plasma fractions of 363 middle-aged overweight/obese individuals (aged 61 +/- 12 years, BMI 30.1 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2), 15% with type 2 diabetes, and 12% with impaired glucose tolerance) of a population survey carried out in 1990-1991 in Lombardy, Italy (Cremona Study), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality was assessed in 2006 through Regional Health Registry files.At baseline MCP-1/CCL2 was increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes (P < 0.05) and showed significant correlations with biochemical risk markers of atherosclerosis. After 15 years, among the 363 subjects, there were 82 deaths due to CVD. In univariate analysis age, sex, fasting glucose and insulin, fibrinogen, glucose tolerance status, smoking habit, and MCP-1/CCL2 were associated with CVD mortality. Age, sex, fasting serum glucose, MCP-1/CCL2, and smoking habit maintained an independent association with CVD mortality in multiple regression analysis. In a subgroup of 113 subjects in whom data for C-reactive protein (CRP) were available, its level was not predictive of CVD mortality.In middle-aged overweight/obese individuals MCP-1/CCL2 was independently associated with CVD mortality. Further studies will be necessary to establish its role as a surrogate biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target.
A Rare Case of Primary Pulmonary Epithelioid Angiosarcoma Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Giorgio Treglia, Giuseppe Cardillo, Paolo Graziano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We describe a rare case of primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma detected by F-FDG PET/CT. A 54-year-old female patient with history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma underwent F-FDG PET/CT for follow-up. PET/CT detected an area of increased F-FDG uptake corresponding to a 4-cm mass located in the inferior lobe of the left lung. Based on this PET/CT finding, the patient underwent left inferior pulmonary lobectomy. Histology demonstrated the presence of a pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma. Other sites of disease were excluded. In our case, F-FDG PET/CT has been useful in detecting and staging this rare primary pulmonary tumor.