tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In vitro evaluation of the role of the Duffy blood group in erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium vivax.
Authors: J W Barnwell, M E Nichols, P Rubinstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

A short-term in vitro culture system that allows for significant re-invasion of target erythrocytes by Plasmodium vivax was used to study the role of the Duffy blood group antigen as a ligand for merozoite invasion by this human malaria species. Using human Duffy-positive and -negative erythrocytes, various primate erythrocytes, enzymatic modification of erythrocytes, and mAb that defines a new Duffy determinant (Fy6) we conclude that the erythrocyte glycoprotein carrying Duffy determinants is required as a ligand for the invasion of human erythrocytes by P. vivax merozoites. Blockade of invasion by Fab fragments of the anti-Fy6 mAb equal to that of the intact molecule and the correlation of P. vivax susceptibility with the presence of the Fy6 determinant suggests this epitope or a nearby domain may be an active site on the Duffy glycoprotein. However, as for P. knowlesi, there is evidence that an alternate pathway for P. vivax invasion of simian erythrocytes may exist.
Patients' Response to Tubal Division
Authors: Sandra Kopit
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Of the 187 women who underwent laparoscopic tubal division at the Massachusetts General Hospital between September 1969 and June 1973, one hundred thirty-nine were interviewed in a follow-up study. The mean age was 33.9 years; the mean gravidity was 5.0 and mean parity 3.8. Most women were married, with religious affiliations reflecting those of the general hospital population, and most underwent tubal division because they felt they had had enough children. The majority (85.6%) were satisfied with their decision and reported similar or improved mental and physical health and sexual activity. Almost all (93.5%) said that they would make the same choice again, and more than half (54.7%) would have liked to have had this operation earlier. Those ambivalent or regretful about their decision could not be readily identified by any preoperative characteristics such as age, parity, and marital status.
ON THE BACTERIOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF THE STOOLS IN TYPHOID FEVER, AND ITS VALUE IN DIAGNOSIS.
Authors: MARK W. RICHARDSON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Ever since Gaffky, in 1894, succeeded in cultivating upon artificial media, the bacillus discovered in typhoidal tissues by Eberth, many efforts have been made by bacteriologists and clinicians to isolate the organism from the fluids and excretions of the living body, notably the blood, urine and feces. Up to 1891 the investigations of a Pfeiffer, Simmonds, and especially Karlinski, had shown the task to be apparently a very simple one. Unfortunately, however, the value of the results of these observers is open to very serious doubts; for the methods employed in proving the cultures thus obtained, were, according to our present standards, entirely insufficient, and it is more than probable that a great many of the bacilli thus isolated were not typhoid bacilli at all, but others of the same group, most probably varieties of the colon bacillus. In investigating stools the greatest difficulties have arisen from the other bacteria
Endocrine and Autoimmune Aspects of the Health History of John F. Kennedy
Authors: Lee R. Mandel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

At the age of 43 years, John F. Kennedy was the youngest man ever elected president. Throughout both his campaign and his presidency, he was portrayed as the epitome of youth and vigor. In fact, he had the most complex medical history of anyone to occupy the White House. The recent opening of his White House medical records has provided researchers greater insight into the multiple medical conditions that afflicted Kennedy. A recent review of these records, coupled with other available sources, allows new understanding of his health history that can now be explained in the context of a unifying autoimmune endocrine disorder.
Homology between a histidine-rich protein from Plasmodium lophurae and a protein associated with the knob-like protrusions on membranes of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum.
Authors: A Kilejian
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

The incorporation of several radioactive amino acids into the knob protein of Plasmodium falciparum was compared. Histidine showed better incorporation than proline. A protein hydrolysate, which had all major amino acids except histidine and methionine, showed relatively poor incorporation as compared with proline, and no labeling could be detected with methionine or leucine. These results strongly suggest that the amino acid composition of the knob protein has the same peculiarities as that of a histidine-rich protein characterized from P. lophurae. Immunoelectron microscopy suggested possible immunological cross-reactivity between these two proteins.
Isolation and characterization of a B lymphocyte mutant with altered signal transduction through its antigen receptor.
Authors: J G Monroe, V L Seyfert, C S Owen, N Sykes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

A receptor surface Ig (sIg) signaling variant of WEHI-231 was constructed to investigate components and linkages between various signaling events associated with signal transduction through sIg. Unlike the wildtype, crosslinking of sIgM on VS2.12-cl.2 did not result in downregulation of proliferation. Similarly, receptor crosslinking was uncoupled from inositol phospholipid (PI) hydrolysis and upregulation of c-fos expression in the variant. The signaling defect in VS2.12-cl.2 appears to be proximal to phospholipase C activation as direct G protein activation by A1F4- triggers PI hydrolysis and bypassing PI hydrolysis using phorbol diester stimulation of protein kinase C restores the inhibitable phenotype and the ability to upregulate c-fos. Even more interesting, sIg-linked Ca2+ responses by VS2.12-cl.2 are equivalent to these observed in the wildtype WEHI-231. These latter results suggest that contrary to current thought, sIg-generated signals may not be coupled to Ca2+ fluxes entirely via inositol phospholipid hydrolysis. Thus, VS2.12-cl.2 is a new and powerful tool with which to analyze signaling through sIg at the molecular level.
Diffuse panbronchiolitis: East meets West
Authors: E. E. McGrath, A. M. McLaughlin, M. X. FitzGerald
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

<h3><b>Background</b></h3> Cancer rehabilitation is a developing area, with an increasing number of survivors of cancer in the United States. The increase in survivorship occurs alongside impairments arising directly from cancer or from treatment-related side effects. <h3><b>Objective</b></h3> This study described clinical characteristics of patients with cancer referred for outpatient physical therapy and explored patterns in frequency of impairments between type of cancer and mode of cancer treatment. <h3><b>Design</b></h3> This was a retrospective chart review of patients with cancer referred to a tertiary care physical therapy clinic over a 2-year period. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> Characteristics such as age, sex, cancer type, mode of treatment, and neuromusculoskeletal impairments were identified. Impairment frequencies were computed based on cancer type and mode of treatment. <h3><b>Results</b></h3> Data from 418 patients (mean age=57.9 years, SD=14.3; 41.1% female) were examined. Genitourinary cancer (n=169) and breast cancer (n=90) were the most prevalent types of cancer reported in this sample. Impairments in strength (83.6%) and soft tissue (71.3%) were the most common examination findings. Lymphedema was most common in patients with breast cancer, and incontinence was most common in patients with genitourinary cancer. <h3><b>Limitations</b></h3> The types of cancer identified in this study may be reflective of this tertiary center and may not generalize to other facilities. Impairment identification during the initial physical therapist evaluation was not performed systematically. <h3><b>Conclusion</b></h3> These data reinforce that physical therapists should screen for lymphedema in patients with breast cancer and incontinence in urogenital cancers. Strength and soft tissue integrity should be evaluated in most patients with cancer. Assessing pain and fatigue levels is recommended for patients who have had radiation therapy.
TREATMENT OF DIABETES FROM THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER'S STANDPOINT
Authors: N. W. JANNEY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In spite of the recent important advances made in diabetic treatment by the studies of Allen, Joslin, Mosenthal and others, our profession at large has failed to profit in a corresponding degree. The reasons are not difficult to ascertain. Success in the treatment of diabetes lies in the smooth coordination of clinical experience in the disease with a practical system of diabetic dietetics and accurate chemical laboratory methods. Neither the general practitioner nor, indeed, the general internist can be expected to meet these severe requirements, as both treat too few diabetics at any given time to permit of elaborate dietetic management. The result is that the treatment of diabetes, at present, is carried out successfully by a relatively few physicians who have the help of a specially modified institutional system. However, the management of this difficult disease must of necessity still be largely conducted by the general practitioner and internist.
THE TREATMENT OF THE RESULTS OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS.
Authors: PRESCOTT LE BRETON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In none of the usual text-books can one find an orderly summary of the treatment of anterior poliomyelitis, after the subsidence of the acute stage. Even the orthopedic treatises do not group the varied conditions and present the manifold methods of treatment so that the general practitioner can readily decide what is indicated. This paper is an attempt to present the subject in a simple, concise manner, under varied headings, enabling one to refer quickly to the latest methods. Many operative procedures which have not proved satisfactory have been omitted. The literature is so extensive that only a few references are cited, although I have drawn freely from all sources. The child which has suffered from an attack of infantile palsy is brought for advice because of: Difficulty in locomotion. Deformity. Need of apparatus or of operation to improve existing conditions. The causes of the deformity are: The effects of
Pressure bandaging of the lower extremity
Authors: E. A. Husni
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Venous hemodynamic studies and phlebograms of the lower limb were undertaken in 35 patients and 16 controls when clinical conditions were identified with the use of pressure bandaging. It was demonstrated that pressure dressings around the knee caused severe compression of the popliteal veins and remarkable elevation of the peripheral venous pressure in the horizontal as well as the ambulatory limb. An air splint inflated to a pressure of 15 to 20 mm Hg offered excellent compression without compromising the deep circulation. The study strongly suggests that: (1) Pressure bandaging of the knee joint retards venous circulation and may contribute to thromboembolism. It should be abandoned in favor of the "G" splint. (2) For prophylaxis against thromboembolism, elastic bandages should stop below the knee joint.
Serum eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) levels in asthmatic patients
Authors: M. L. Sanz, A. Parra, I. Prieto, I. Diéguez, A. K. Oehling
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Eosinophil granular proteins are a useful eosinophilic activation marker in asthmatic patients. In this study, the eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) levels were assessed in different stages of bronchial asthma, in 123 patients suffering from asthma, classified as mild ( n =49), moderate ( n =49), and severe ( n =25), according to the International Consensus Report on Diagnosis and Treatment of Asthma , as well as in 27 healthy controls, with the aim of evaluating the importance of this protein as a severity marker in bronchial asthma, and its possible correlation with parameters such as anamnesis, respiratory function tests, and peripheral blood eosinophil count, and also with some allergologic diagnostic tests, both in vivo and in vitro. The geometric mean serum level of EPO was 9.3±11.3 ng/ml (median±SD) in controls, and 28±37.8 ng/ml in the asthmatic patients. Depending on the asthma severity, the EPO levels were 25±30.5; 29±37.1, and 41 ±47.3 ng/ml in mild, moderate, and severe asthmatics, respectively, being the significant differences between the group of patients with mild and severe asthma ( P &lt;0.001). The number of eosinophils (eos) in peripheral blood was 157±20 eos/mm 3 in the controls, 334+35 eos/mm 3 in mild asthmatics, 510 ±87 eos/mm 3 in moderate asthmatics, and 658±72 eos/mm 3 in severe asthmatics, with significant differences between all the groups (from P &lt;0.05 to P &lt;0.001). Both the serum levels of EPO and the number of eosinophils were greater in patients with active asthma than in patients with inactive asthma ( P &lt;0.001). Significant negative correlations ( P &lt; 0.001) were found between serum levels of EPO and FEY, ( r s = 0.30), MEF 25‐75 ( r s = ‐0.33), and MEF 50 ( r s = ‐0.34), and a good positive correlation ( r s = 0.80, P &lt;0.001) was found between EPO levels and the number of eosinophils in peripheral blood. We also found a significant positive correlation between eosinophil number and clinical score ( r s = 0.54, P &lt;0.001) and between EPO levels and the mentioned score ( r s = 0.46, P &lt;0.001).
Christopher John Richard Elliott
Authors: R. Dreaper
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former consultant anaesthetist Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City, and St Alban's Hospital, Hertfordshire (b Tunbridge Wells 1924; q St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1952; FFARCS), died from Alzheimer's disease on 9 August 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Dick Elliott established the Department of Anaesthesia at the Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City, where he was the founder consultant. He was also consultant at St Alban's City Hospital and the National Orthopaedic Hospital in Golders Green. He volunteered for the Royal Navy in 1943 and served on the aircraft carrier HMS Formidable. After qualifying and house jobs, he was a registrar in Salisbury and at the Royal Free Hospital, London. His love of antiques and rare books led gradually to a beautiful collection. He leaves a wife, Diane; two daughters; and two grandchildren.
Empyema in Childhood
Authors: E. Hoffman
Journal: Thorax (1961)

Sulphonamides and antibiotics have reduced the incidence of serious infections of the lungs and the pleura.Empyema in children has in the past few years usually proved to be staphylococcal in the majority of cases.In view of the increasing importance of staphylococcal infections I decided that it would be of interest to look up past cases of empyema in the paediatric age group and see how the clinical picture had changed.The cases reviewed include all the patients with empyema in this group who were admitted to the thoracic surgery unit at Shotley Bridge, which is the regional centre for Newcastle upon Tyne, between 1941 and 1958.All the cases were originally admitted to other hospitals in the region and then transferred to us for further treatment.These do not include many additional cases of empyema seen and treated by myself and my colleagues in other hospitals.Cases of empyema due to tuber- culous infection and those following surgical procedures are not included.In all there were 125 patients, aged from 2 months to 12 years.Seventy-one of these were boys and 54 were girls.On admission the children were divided into two groups; 112 were classified as having an acute empyema, the remaining 13 were in the chronic category.My criterion for an acute_empy=ma was that it had occurred within eight weeks of the original illness, whereas in the chronic variety the primary illness had occurred at least five months before admission.This divi- sion of empyemata into acute and chronic on the basis of the time that had elapsed from the original illness is arbitrary.An untreated or inefficiently treated empyema may become chronic within two to three weeks from its origin.
In Vivo Modulation of Nogo-B Attenuates Neointima Formation
Authors: Angelika B Kritz, Jun Yu, Paulette L Wright, Song Wan, Sarah J George, Crawford Halliday, Ning Kang, William C Sessa, Andrew H Baker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Nogo-B was recently identified as a novel vascular marker; the normally high vascular expression of Nogo-B is rapidly lost following vascular injury. Here we assess the potential therapeutic effects of Ad-Nogo-B delivery to injured vessels in vivo. Nogo-B overexpression following Ad-Ng-B infection of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was shown to block proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. We next assessed the effects of Ad-Ng-B treatment on neointima formation in two in vivo models of acute vascular injury. Adventitial delivery of Ad-Ng-B to wire-injured murine femoral arteries led to a significant decrease in the intimal area [0.014 mm2 versus 0.030 mm2 (P = 0.049)] and the intima:media ratio [0.78 versus 1.67 (P = 0.038)] as compared to the effects of Ad-β-Gal control virus at 21 days after injury. Similarly, lumenal delivery of Ad-Ng-B to porcine saphenous veins prior to carotid artery grafting significantly reduced the intimal area [2.87 mm2 versus 7.44 mm2 (P = 0.0007)] and the intima:media ratio [0.32 versus 0.55 (P = 0.0044)] as compared to the effects following the delivery of Ad- β-Gal, at 28 days after grafting. Intimal VSMC proliferation was significantly reduced in both the murine and porcine disease models. Gene delivery of Nogo-B exerts a positive effect on vascular injury-induced remodeling and reduces neointimal development in two arterial and venous models of vascular injury. Nogo-B was recently identified as a novel vascular marker; the normally high vascular expression of Nogo-B is rapidly lost following vascular injury. Here we assess the potential therapeutic effects of Ad-Nogo-B delivery to injured vessels in vivo. Nogo-B overexpression following Ad-Ng-B infection of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was shown to block proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. We next assessed the effects of Ad-Ng-B treatment on neointima formation in two in vivo models of acute vascular injury. Adventitial delivery of Ad-Ng-B to wire-injured murine femoral arteries led to a significant decrease in the intimal area [0.014 mm2 versus 0.030 mm2 (P = 0.049)] and the intima:media ratio [0.78 versus 1.67 (P = 0.038)] as compared to the effects of Ad-β-Gal control virus at 21 days after injury. Similarly, lumenal delivery of Ad-Ng-B to porcine saphenous veins prior to carotid artery grafting significantly reduced the intimal area [2.87 mm2 versus 7.44 mm2 (P = 0.0007)] and the intima:media ratio [0.32 versus 0.55 (P = 0.0044)] as compared to the effects following the delivery of Ad- β-Gal, at 28 days after grafting. Intimal VSMC proliferation was significantly reduced in both the murine and porcine disease models. Gene delivery of Nogo-B exerts a positive effect on vascular injury-induced remodeling and reduces neointimal development in two arterial and venous models of vascular injury.
Reduced number of VSELs in the bone marrow of growth hormone transgenic mice indicates that chronically elevated Igf1 level accelerates age-dependent exhaustion of pluripotent stem cell pool: a novel view on aging
Authors: M Kucia, D-M Shin, R Liu, J Ratajczak, E Bryndza, M M Masternak, A Bartke, M Z Ratajczak
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Ablation of Ribosomal Protein L22 Selectively Impairs αβ T Cell Development by Activation of a p53-Dependent Checkpoint
Authors: Stephen J. Anderson, Jens Peter Holst Lauritsen, Matthew G. Hartman, Ann Marie DiGeorge Foushee, Juliette M. Lefebvre, Susan A. Shinton, Brenda Gerhardt, Richard R. Hardy, Tamas Oravecz, David L. Wiest
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Analysis of left ventricular function in response to afterload changes in patients with mitral stenosis.
Authors: J L Bolen, M G Lopes, D C Harrison, E L Alderman
Journal: Circulation (1975)

In order to assess left ventricular function in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis, left ventricular function curves (plotting stroke work index vs left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) were constructed using angiotensin to augment, and nitroprusside to reduce, afterload. Hemodynamic responses to these alterations in afterload were measured. Resting ejection fractions and qualitative assessment of left ventricular angiographic contraction abnormalities were also determined. Changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure following afterload interventions could be linearly related to changes in mean aortic pressure, but mitral valve gradients were unaffected. Afterload reduction with nitroprusside did not augment cardiac output. Afterload elevation with angiotensin significantly depressed both cardiac output and calculated mitral valve areas. Patients with normal resting ejection fractions evidenced normal ventricular function curves and those with depressed ejection fractions showed flat or declining function curves. Contraction abnormalities, generally in the posterobasal area, correlated well with abnormal left ventricular function curves.
Gene therapy of neural cell injuries in vitro using the hypoxia-inducible GM-CSF expression plasmids and water-soluble lipopolymer (WSLP)
Authors: Jin-Mo Kim, Minhyung Lee, Kil Hwan Kim, Yoon Ha, Jung Kyoung Choi, So Ra Park, Hyeonseon Park, Hyung Chun Park, Cheol-Hee Ahn, Sung Wan Kim, Byung Hyune Choi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
Hypoxic hepatitis: underlying conditions and risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients
Authors: Valentin Fuhrmann, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Harald Herkner, Gottfried Heinz, Mariam Nikfardjam, Anja Bojic, Peter Schellongowski, Bernhard Angermayr, Reinhard Kitzberger, Joanna Warszawska, Ulrike Holzinger, Peter Schenk, Christian Madl
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
1159-191 Effect of a single high-fat meal on endothelial microparticles as a marker of endothelial injury
Authors: Arley A Peter, Alexandre Ferreira, Salim Virani, Eduardo de Marchena, Santiago Garcia, Reyan Ghany, Josh Purow, Joaquim Jimenez, Yeon Ahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Quack Advertisements and Religious Papers.
Authors: J. C. McAllister
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Ridgway, Pa., Sept. 20, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —This last summer I drafted and presented to the official board of the First M. E. Church of this place, being a member of the board, a set of resolutions, drawing attention to the falseness of statements and dishonesty of purpose of various advertisers of "patent" medicines, and condemning the publication of such advertisements by the publishers of our church periodicals. The resolutions were passed, but two members of the official board voting against them. I took the ground that it was detrimental to the interests of the church that the papers should receive a profit from so false a business. Copies of the resolutions were sent to the various church publications circulating in this district. If necessary this move can be followed up to the annual and general conferences.