tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GPs should use “premier” information sources when prescribing
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2006)

GPs should not use internet search engines, such as Google or Medline, when seeking advice on what to prescribe, say senior NHS officials. 

Instead they should stick to “premier” information sources, such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the Cochrane Collaboration, or national service frameworks. 

Experts from the National Prescribing Centre told this week's annual NICE conference that this would eliminate waste and improve patient care. 

“Most start at Medline, when we should be starting with the most useful sources that have been sifted for usefulness,” said the centre's medical director, Neal Maskrey. …
Combined treatment with statins and aminobisphosphonates extends longevity in a mouse model of human premature aging
Authors: Ignacio Varela, Sandrine Pereira, Alejandro P Ugalde, Claire L Navarro, María F Suárez, Pierre Cau, Juan Cadiñanos, Fernando G Osorio, Nicolas Foray, Juan Cobo, Félix de Carlos, Nicolas Lévy, José M P Freije, Carlos López-Otín
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Computer based quantitative analysis of capillary abnormalities in systemic sclerosis and its relation to plasma concentration of von Willebrand factor.
Authors: A Scheja, A Akesson, I Niewierowicz, L Wallin, M Wildt, F A Wollheim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

OBJECTIVES--To evaluate an objective and quantitative method for assessment of capillary abnormalities in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS--Nailfold capillaries were investigated by capillary microscopy and photographed in 17 consecutive SSc patients (five with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dSSc) and 12 with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lSSc)) and in 17 healthy controls. Investigators having no access to clinical data made drawings from magnified projections of coded photographs and analysed them using a computer program. Capillary density (capillary loops/mm in the distal row) and median capillary loop area were calculated. Presence of functional or organic arterial changes was evaluated by measurement of finger pressure with finger cooling. Plasma concentration of von Willebrand factor (VWF) was analysed using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS--In 16 of 17 SSc patients and 13 of 17 controls the technical quality of the photographs was sufficient for computer analysis. Capillary density was decreased in dSSc (median 6.9 loops/mm) and in lSSc (median 3.8 loops/mm) compared with healthy controls (8.9 loops/mm) and median capillary loop area was increased in dSSc (7.3 x 10(-3) mm2) and in lSSc (8.5 x 10(-3) mm2) compared with healthy controls (5.0 x 10(-3) mm2). An inverse relation was found between capillary density and median capillary loop area in SSc patients. Plasma VWF was increased in patients (median 401 IE/l in dSSc and 409 IE/l in lSSc) compared with controls matched for age and sex (median 276 IE/l). Computer based analysis showed capillary density below the control range and median capillary loop area above the control range in 14 of 16 SSc patients. Measurement of finger pressure with finger cooling showed organic vascular changes in nine of 13 SSc patients. CONCLUSION--Computer based quantitative analysis has low interobserver variability and is a quantitative and sensitive method of assessing capillary abnormalities in SSc.
The Computer in Medicine
Authors: Victor E. Pollak
Journal: JAMA (1985)

THE COMPUTER now plays a key role in many functions in society. It is an important instrument in modern medicine, but its application to day-to-day medical practice has had limited success. The modern physician acts in varying degrees as clinician, clinical investigator, and teacher, and often has clinical administrative responsibilities as well. These clinical, teaching, and administrative functions have been served most inadequately by the current medical record. Application of modern data-processing techniques to the practice of medicine and to the medical record may help in resolving this dilemma.<sup>1</sup> The nephrologist cares for patients with chronic renal failure who are treated by dialysis and by transplantation. They exemplify the citation, "Chronic diseases now play an increasingly important role in the practice of medicine."<sup>2</sup>They have a chronic problem that requires medical supervision over a very long period of time; many organ systems are affected and many new events,
Herpesvirus Infection in Burned Patients
Authors: F. D. Foley, Major K. A. Greenawald, G. Nash, B. A. Pruitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Herpesvirus hominis infection of healing partial-thickness burns occurred in six patients. Two of these died with disseminated herpetic infection. They had necrotizing hepatic and adrenal lesions, similar to those that have been described in herpetic infection in neonates without neutralizing antibody. Serologic studies demonstrated lack of neutralizing antibodies to herpesvirus antigen before and after development of herpetic infection in an additional patient who died with disseminated lesions. The viral infection may have been primary, but the possibility of a reactivated infection that resulted in extensive disease due to a post-traumatic immunologic defect is not excluded. Herpetic burn-wound infection is analogous to the extensive herpetic infection that occurs in eczematous children — eczema herpeticum. Fatal pseudomonas burn-wound sepsis may originate in areas of herpetic burn-wound infection, but the frequency of this sequence is unknown.
Notch Signaling in Blood Vessels
Authors: Jennifer J. Hofmann, M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

It has become increasingly clear that the Notch signaling pathway plays a critical role in the development and homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. This notion has emerged from loss- and gain-of-function analysis and from the realization that several hereditary cardiovascular disorders originate from gene mutations that have a direct impact on Notch signaling. Current research efforts are focused on determining the specific cellular and molecular effects of Notch signaling. The rationale for this has stemmed from the clinical importance and therapeutic potential of modulating vascular formation during various disease states. A more complete appreciation of Notch signaling, as it relates to vascular morphogenesis, requires an in-depth knowledge of expression patterns of the various signaling components and a comprehensive understanding of downstream targets. The goal of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding Notch signaling during vascular development and within the adult vascular wall. Our focus is on the genetic analysis and cellular experiments that have been performed with Notch ligands, receptors, and downstream targets. We also highlight questions and controversies regarding the contribution of this pathway to vascular development.
Pernicious Anemia in Negroes
Authors: RICHARD J. HART
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 March 1971Pernicious Anemia in NegroesRICHARD J. HART JR., M.D., PAUL R. MCCURDY, M.D.RICHARD J. HART JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PAUL R. MCCURDY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-3-448 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Although it is commonly stated that pernicious anemia is relatively rarely seen in negroes (1), our clinical impression is that this opinion may be in error. All of the published studies (1-3) except one (4) were completed by 1947, and in none was the diagnosis based on Schilling tests, vitamin B12 assay, or measurement of gastric intrinsic factor. Hence the diagnostic data may be unreliable.To ascertain the prevalence of pernicious anemia at the District of Columbia General Hospital, we examined data from the special hematology laboratory and the medical records department. All cases of pernicious anemia...References1. WINTROBE M: Clinical Hematology. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1967, p. 503 Google Scholar2. SCHWARTZGORE SM: Pernicious anemia in negroes. Arch Intern Med 72:782-785, 1943 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HICKSLEAVELL MB: Pernicious anemia in the American negro. Ann Intern Med 33:1438-1443, 1950 LinkGoogle Scholar4. JONESDOWLING JW: A comparative study of pernicious anemia in the negro and white races. J Tenn Med Ass 50:362-363, 1957 Google Scholar5. MCCURDY P: The detection of intestinal absorption of Co57 tagged vitamin B-12 by serum counting. Ann Intern Med 62:97-102, 1965 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Georgetown Medical Division D. C. General Hospital Washington, D.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAmbulatory Dysfunction Due to Unrecognized Pernicious AnemiaPernicious Anemia in Saudi ArabsVitamin B12 and Folic Acid: Clinical and Pathophysiological ConsiderationsRacial Patterns in Pernicious AnemiaNonspecific stomatitis—A presenting sign in pernicious anemiaGastric cancer in american negroesPernicious Anemia in NegroesJ. G. BOHORFOUSH, M.D. 1 March 1971Volume 74, Issue 3Page: 448-448KeywordsHematology and oncologyPernicious anemiaResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 March 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Points: No Christmas Holiday
Authors: M. McVerry
Journal: BMJ (1980)

entitled to private practice, . . .which is an important part of their income. . . .Private hospitals occupy an important position in the health service, and without their facilities it is unlikely that the state system could operate without substantial delays and waiting lists....There is peaceful coexistence between public and private systems; they operate side by side, without difficulty, and the Government gives every encouragement to citizens to use private facilities to the maximum.... Patients . . .who opt for private facilities receive a subsidy."(All the italics are mine.)These quotations are from a description of the health care system in the Irish Republic (by Mr R M Graham of the Voluntary Health Insurance Board in Dublin), which by coincidence reached me today also.The Englishman by tradition has derided the capability of the Irishman to think clearly.But it seems to me that the boot is on the other foot in this case.If any should say that this is all very well but such a sensible mixture of provision for those in need, with a subsidy for self-help, could not ever be accepted here, my reply is that there is abundant and consistent evidence, in repeated public opinion polls, that the majority-regardless of party or trade urion membership-are not ill disposed to a symbiotic health care system of this nature.
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit
Authors: Edward L. Korn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Aging on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: Samuel Golpanian, Jill El-Khorazaty, Adam Mendizabal, Darcy L. DiFede, Viky Y. Suncion, Vasileios Karantalis, Joel E. Fishman, Eduard Ghersin, Wayne Balkan, Joshua M. Hare
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
The results of a randomized controlled trial evaluating tips andendoscopic therapy in cirrhotic patients with gastro-esophagealvariceal bleeding
Authors: H.R. van Buuren, M. Groeneweg, F.P. Vleggaar, W. Lesterhuis, A.J.P. van Tilburg, W.C.J. Hop, H. Pieterman, S.W. Schalm, B.A. van Hout, J.S. Laméris
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Diet, nutrition, and avoidable cancer.
Authors: W C Willett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

In a 1981 review, Doll and Peto estimated that approximately 35% of cancer deaths in the United States were potentially avoidable by the modification of diet but that this percentage might be as low as 10% or as high as 70%. Since that time, the epidemiologic literature on diet and cancer has grown greatly, as has understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In general, this expanded literature has not provided reason to alter the Doll and Peto estimate substantially. For colon cancer, evidence has accumulated that some of the international differences that were attributed to diet are probably due to physical activity. For breast cancer, the concept that fat intake per se is the primary reason for differences in rates among countries has not been supported by prospective studies. Although several lines of evidence suggest that caloric restriction and slow growth rates may contribute importantly to the low rates of breast cancer found outside Western countries, this may not translate directly to practical means of prevention. In contrast to breast cancer, more recent data have supported a causative role for red meat in the development of colon and prostate cancers, although perhaps not entirely due to its fat content. Whereas earlier thinking about nutrition and cancer emphasized the adverse effects of fat and other components in the diet, the most compelling evidence of the last decade has indicated the importance of protective factors, largely unidentified, in fruits and vegetables. Considering the more recent evidence, it is roughly estimated that about 32% of cancer may be avoidable by changes in diet; however, it now seems unlikely that less than 20% or more than 42% of cancer deaths would be avoidable by dietary change.
Vigilance is also required for pulmonary tuberculosis in UK-born subjects
Authors: O. M. P. Jolobe
Journal: Thorax (2010)

the reduction in the efficacy of IL-5 at 1 ng/ ml reflects the capacity of this higher concentration to induce eosinophil adhesion (figure 1C).IL-5 preincubation before the addition of each GC caused a concentrationdependent inhibition of the proapoptotic effects of these compounds (figure 1DeF).This occurred without any significant shift in the GC concentrationeresponse curves, suggesting non-competitive antagonism.This is the first demonstration of the proapoptotic capacity of FF in eosinophils and confirms the high potency of this compound compared with DEX.Despite this higher potency, IL-5 could still over-ride the proapoptotic effects of FF, suggesting that the IL-5 transduction pathway has GCresistant elements. 5Whether this can be modulated by strategies to overcome resistance such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors is as yet unclear. 1 In conclusion, this study suggests a mechanism underlying poor responsiveness of eosinophils to GCs and may help define therapeutic approaches to overcome GC resistance.
Mutations in TMPRSS6 cause iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA)
Authors: Karin E Finberg, Matthew M Heeney, Dean R Campagna, Yeşim Aydınok, Howard A Pearson, Kip R Hartman, Mary M Mayo, Stewart M Samuel, John J Strouse, Kyriacos Markianos, Nancy C Andrews, Mark D Fleming
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
An Evaluation of Semen Characteristics in Men 45 Years of Age or Older after Daily Dosing with Tadalafil 20mg: Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, 9-Month Study
Authors: Wayne J.G. Hellstrom, Marc Gittelman, Jonathan Jarow, Christopher Steidle, James McMurray, David Talley, Steven Watts, Carol L. Mitchell, James M. McGill
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Fifteen-year follow-up of hand eczema: persistence and consequences
Authors: B. Meding, K. Wrangsjo, B. Jarvholm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Hand eczema is a skin disease often with a long-lasting and relapsing course. The long-term prognosis in the general population is unknown. Objectives The aims were to examine the extent to which hand eczema had persisted and the medicosocial consequences of the disease. Methods In a 15-year follow-up of hand eczema, patients diagnosed in a previous population-based study were sent a questionnaire with 20 questions concerning the persistence and course of the disease, and its occupational and medicosocial consequences. Results Addresses were available for 1115 persons, of whom 868 answered the questionnaire. Sixty-six per cent of the respondents reported periods of hand eczema and 44% reported symptoms during the previous year, with no sex difference. Twelve per cent reported continuous eczema. However, 74% of those reporting symptoms considered that their hand eczema had improved; of these more were women than men (78% vs. 66%, P < 0·01). Twenty people, 3% of those who were gainfully employed in 1983, reported a change to another occupation because of their hand eczema, 15 of these reporting improvement after the job change. A considerable need for medical consultation was reported, as was the influence on psychosocial functions among those who had eczema the previous year, e.g. sleep disturbances (36%) and hampered leisure activities (72%). Job changes related to hand eczema and psychosocial impairment were also reported by individuals who had not sought medical help for their hand eczema. Conclusions This study demonstrates a variable and poor long-term prognosis for hand eczema in the general population. One-third sought medical care during follow-up, while the vast majority with ongoing hand eczema experienced negative psychosocial consequences. For about 5%, the hand eczema gave far-reaching consequences including long sick-leave periods, sick pension and changes of occupation.
An Updated Systematic Review and Statistical Comparison of Standardised Mean Outcomes for the Use of Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Lower Urinary Tract Disorders
Authors: Altaf Mangera, Apostolos Apostolidis, Karl Eric Andersson, Prokar Dasgupta, Antonella Giannantoni, Claus Roehrborn, Giacomo Novara, Christopher Chapple
Journal: European Urology (2013)
1003-89 Angiographic no-reflow phenomenon in the patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention
Authors: Masayoshi Oikawa, Nobuo Komatsu, Yoshitaka Shiratori, Hiroyuki Kunii, Hidetsugu Yamao, Shigeto Namiuti, Masafumi Sugi, Mitsuru Yui, Toshikatsu Ichihara, Yukio Maruyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Fetal and early life growth and body mass index from birth to early adulthood in 1958 British cohort: longitudinal study
Authors: T. J Parsons, C. Power, O. Manor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To determine the influence of birth weight on body mass index at different stages of later life; whether this relation persists after accounting for potential confounding factors; and the role of indicators of fetal growth (birth weight relative to parental size) and childhood growth. <b>Design:</b> Longitudinal study of the 1958 British birth cohort. <b>Setting:</b> England, Scotland, and Wales. <b>Participants:</b> All singletons born 3–9 March 1958 (10 683 participants with data available at age 33). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Body mass index at ages 7, 11, 16, 23, and 33 years. <b>Results:</b> The relation between birth weight and body mass index was positive and weak, becoming more J shaped with increasing age. When adjustments were made for maternal weight, there was no relation between birth weight and body mass index at age 33. Indicators of poor fetal growth based on the mother9s body size were not predictive, but the risk of adult obesity was higher among participants who had grown to a greater proportion of their eventual adult height by age 7. In men only, the effect of childhood growth was strongest in those with lower birth weights and, to a lesser extent, those born to lighter mothers. <b>Conclusions:</b> Maternal weight (or body mass index) largely explains the association between birth weight and adult body mass index, and it may be a more important risk factor for obesity in the child than birth weight. Birth weight and maternal weight seem to modify the effect of childhood linear growth on adult obesity in men. Intergenerational associations between the mother9s and her offspring9s body mass index seem to underlie the well documented association between birth weight and body mass index. Other measures of fetal growth are needed for a fuller understanding of the role of the intrauterine environment in the development of obesity. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Birth weight has been shown to be positively related to subsequent fatness Few studies have investigated whether this relation is confounded by other factors, such as parental size Birth weight may be an inadequate indicator of the intrauterine environment <h3>What this study adds</h3> The relation between birth weight and adult body mass index was largely accounted for by mother9s weight Fetal growth indexed by birth weight relative to parental body size was unrelated to adult obesity Rapid linear growth in childhood increased the risk of obesity in adulthood, especially in males with low birth weight Among boys who grew rapidly, the risk of obesity in adulthood was similar for both lower and higher birth weights
Podocalyxin Activates RhoA and Induces Actin Reorganization through NHERF1 and Ezrin in MDCK Cells
Authors: Sandra Schmieder, Masaaki Nagai, Robert A. Orlando, Tetsuro Takeda, Marilyn G. Farquhar
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Podocalyxin (PC) is the major sialoglycoprotein expressed on the apical membrane of the podocyte. Previously it was shown that PC is connected to actin through the PC/NHERF2/ezrin complex, and this connection is disrupted in the nephrotic syndrome. For assessing whether expression of PC affects the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, MDCK cell lines stably expressing either full-length PC or a PC mutant lacking the NHERF binding site was established. It was found that full-length PC but not the PC mutant is connected to actin, induces redistribution of actin toward the apical membrane, and leads to increased RhoA activity. By immunofluorescence redistribution of RhoA and RhoGDI was observed in the presence of both full-length PC and the PC mutant. With the use of pulldown assays, PC and ezrin were found to interact directly and the ezrin binding site was mapped to the juxtamembrane region of PC’s cytoplasmic tail. It is concluded that PC binds to ezrin both directly and indirectly. PC activates RhoA through NHERF and ezrin, leading to redistribution of actin filaments. These results suggest that in podocytes, PC may also regulate foot process architecture through RhoA.