tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coexistent Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis and Coronary Arterial Disease
Authors: STEPHEN J. GULOTTA, ROBERT I. HAMBY, ALFRED L. ARONSON, KENNETH EWING
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Coexistent idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) and coronary arterial disease (CAD) was found in 10 patients studied because of disabling angina. Only one had experienced consistent relief of angina with nitroglycerin. All had systolic murmurs which had been ascribed to valvular stenosis or papillary muscle dysfunction. Mean patient age was 57 years. Nine were males. All patients were shown to have the characteristic hemodynamic and angiographic findings of classical IHSS. Coronary cineangiography revealed severe CAD in each patient. Precatheterization diagnosis of combined IHSS and CAD was difficult to make unless a very well-documented history of prior myocardial infarction was available, and clinical evaluation revealed the typical auscultatory and pulse contour changes of IHSS. In six of the patients clinical evidence alone was not sufficient to diagnose combined disease with any certainty. There is a significant incidence of IHSS in the coronary disease-prone age group. The possible coexistence of the two diseases has not been appreciated previously. Patients with IHSS and angina should be evaluated for CAD as they may benefit if therapy is directed at both disorders. Patients with CAD, angina, and systolic murmurs should be evaluated for possible IHSS, especially if coronary artery surgery is contemplated, since such therapy may be inappropriate or incomplete.
Diagnosis of Left-Sided Regurgitant Murmurs by Transient Arterial Occlusion: A New Maneuver Using Blood Pressure Cuffs
Authors: NICHOLAS J. LEMBO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Transient arterial occlusion of both arms with blood pressure cuffs inflated to 20 to 40 mm Hg above systolic pressure for 20 seconds augmented the intensity of left-sided regurgitant murmurs caused by aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and ventricular septal defect. We compared this new maneuver with handgrip exercise, squatting, and amyl nitrite inhalation in 30 patients with left-sided regurgitant murmurs and in 30 patients with murmurs not caused by left-sided regurgitation. Transient arterial occlusion increased the intensity of left-sided regurgitant murmurs more than squatting (p = 0.02) and did not statistically differ from isometric handgrip exercise and amyl nitrite inhalation in ability to identify the presence of these murmurs. A false-positive diagnosis of left-sided regurgitant murmur was less likely when using transient arterial occlusion than when using handgrip exercise (p = 0.05) and squatting (p < 0.001). Thus, transient arterial occlusion works as well as or better than other standard bedside maneuvers for diagnosing or excluding left-sided regurgitant murmurs and can be applied to all patients.
Hepatic-cell adenoma presenting with intraperitoneal haemorrhage in the puerperium.
Authors: D Hayes, H Lamki, I W Hunter
Journal: BMJ (1977)

incarceration at the site of laparoscope insertion that resulted in intestinal obstruction, and claimed that this was the first report of this complication of laparoscopy.Both patients eventually needed small bowel resection, 14 and 21 days after laparoscopy.These two patients, and the one described above, were initially well after laparoscopy and then started to vomit on the third and the sixth days after laparoscopy.Thompson and Wheeless' reported that burns or traumatic injury typically present between the third and seventh post-laparoscopic day and then need urgent surgical treatment.They recorded 11 bowel injuries in a series of 3600 laparoscopic sterilisations.Thus, obstructive symptoms occurring a week or more after laparoscopy may be due to bowel incarceration at the site of laparo- scope insertion.Herniation may occur at the site of laparoscopic insertion, and Bishop and Halpin5 reported protrusion of omentum through an infraumbilical laparoscopy incision.This occurred on the third post-laparoscopy day after a coughing bout.These three reports of herniation and one of protrusion at the site of laparoscope insertion were all associated with either 11 or 12 mm- diameter instruments.These rare complications might be eliminated if smaller diameter instruments, which are available, were used.
Medical Care for Terrorists–Yes to Treat!
Authors: Benjamin Gesundheit, Nachman Ash, Shraga Blazer, Avraham I. Rivkind
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

The target article (Gesundheit et al. 2009) tried to address difficult and agonizing bioethical questions that clinicians in our day have unfortunately been forced to confront. In a world of violen...
In vivo and vitro studies on formation of bile acids in patients with Zellweger syndrome. Evidence that peroxisomes are of importance in the normal biosynthesis of both cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid.
Authors: B F Kase, J I Pedersen, B Strandvik, I Björkhem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The last step in bile acid formation involves conversion of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (THCA) into cholic acid and 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (DHCA) into chenodeoxycholic acid. The peroxisomal fraction of rat and human liver has the highest capacity to catalyze these reactions. Infants with Zellweger syndrome lack liver peroxisomes, and accumulate 5 beta-cholestanoic acids in bile and serum. We recently showed that such an infant had reduced capacity to convert a cholic acid precursor, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-triol into cholic acid. 7 alpha-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one is a common precursor for both cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. Intravenous administration of [3H]7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one to an infant with Zellweger syndrome led to a rapid incorporation of 3H into biliary THCA but only 10% of 3H was incorporated into cholic acid after 48 h. The incorporation of 3H into DHCA was only 25% of that into THCA and the incorporation into chenodeoxycholic acid approximately 50% of that in cholic acid. The conversion of intravenously administered [3H]THCA into cholic acid in another infant with Zellweger syndrome was only 7%. There was a slow conversion of THCA into 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-C29-dicarboxylic acid. The pool size of both cholic- and chenodeoxycholic acid was markedly reduced. Preparations of liver from two patients with Zellweger syndrome had no capacity to catalyze conversion of THCA into cholic acid. There was, however, a small conversion of DHCA into chenodeoxycholic acid and into THCA. It is concluded that liver peroxisomes are important both for the conversion of THCA into cholic acid and DHCA into chenodeoxycholic acid.
Gypsy-Moth-Caterpillar Dermatitis
Authors: W. N. Beaucher, J. E. Farnham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The gypsy moth caterpillar (Lymantria dispar) is named because of its ability to spin silken threads that allow it to be windblown great distances. The northeastern part of the United States is currently infested by hordes of these insects, whose caterpillar larvae are expected to ingest and defoliate over 15 million acres of foliage in 1982. A single tree may be the feeding ground for more than 50,000 larvae, whose excrement, frass, litters the ground with a sound similar to that of light rain.While this massive damage to the environment was occurring in the late spring and early summer . . .
Progress Toward Preventing and Understanding Alcohol-Induced Fetal Injury
Authors: Enoch Gordis
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 810: Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis in idenfitication of biomarkers of chemoresistance in serous epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Madhuri Koti, Robert J. Gooding, Paulo Nuin, Alexandria Haslehurst, Colleen Crane, Johanne Weberpals, Timothy Childs, Peter Bryson, Moyez Dharsee, Kenneth Evans, Harriet E. Feilotter, Paul C. Park, Jeremy A. Squire
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy remains a major impediment in the treatment of serous epithelial ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to use gene expression and copy number profiling to delineate major deregulated pathways and biomarker networks associated with the development of intrinsic chemotherapy resistance with exposure to standard first-line therapy for ovarian cancer. The study cohort comprised 28 high grade serous ovarian cancer patients divided into two groups based on their varying sensitivity to first-line chemotherapy using progression free survival (PFS) as a surrogate of response. Twelve patient tumors demonstrating relative resistance to platinum based chemotherapy corresponding to shorter PFS (less than 6 months) were compared to 16 tumors from platinum-sensitive patients (PFS more than 18months). Molecular profiling was performed using Affymetrix high-resolution microarray platforms to permit global comparisons of gene expression levels and copy number profiles between tumors from the resistant group with the sensitive group. Microarray data analysis revealed a set of 227 discriminating genes of which expression levels may be influencing differential chemotherapy response between the two groups. Pathway analysis of these genes showed the,PI3K,NFkB and IGF1 networks as some of the significant networks distinguishing the chemotherapy resistant with the sensitive group. Copy number analysis performed using Nexus copy number version 6.1 revealed differences in the chromosomal regions, 4q31.22, 5q13.2, 9p24.3, 2p23.2, 16q21, 6q14.1, 7p22.3, 12p13 and Xq. Integrative copy number and gene expression profiling will delineate the drivers of chemotherapy resistance in patients undergoing standard platinum-based treatment of ovarian cancer. Future studies to validate these markers are necessary to apply this knowledge to biomarker-based clinical trials. Citation Format: Madhuri Koti, Robert J. Gooding, Paulo Nuin, Alexandria Haslehurst, Colleen Crane, Johanne Weberpals, Timothy Childs, Peter Bryson, Moyez Dharsee, Kenneth Evans, Harriet E. Feilotter, Paul C. Park, Jeremy A. Squire. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis in idenfitication of biomarkers of chemoresistance in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 810. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-810
[768] THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LEPTIN, ADIPONECTIN, AND RESISTIN SERUM LEVELS IN CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES
Authors: E. Tsochatzis, G.V. Papatheodoridis, E. Hadziyannis, A. Georgiou, N. Chrysanthos, G. Kafiri, E.K. Manesis, A.J. Archimandritis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
C.C.H.M.S. and Consultant Contract
Authors: R. A. Dale, P. D. Roberts, N. F. Coghill, J. S. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1973)

gave a strongly positive direct Coombs test, and her serum contained autoantibodies of the IgG type, falling into the rhesus blood group system-namely, anti-e (stronger) and anti-nl (weaker).The patient, who was obese, was given fenfluramine for a period of five months in 1970 and for one month in 1971 without ill effect, and it was only after she resumed this treatment for a further two months at the beginning of 1972 that she began to feel ill.She had no infection before becoming anaemic and, unlike the two patients mentioned by Mr. A. M. Walshe (30 September, p. 821), who in addition to fen- fluramine also had propranalol, she had re- ceived no other drugs.She was transfused with four pints (2-3 1.) of blood and given a course of prednisolone.She made a full recovery and her Coonmbs test became negative.No similar case was found in the literature, apart from the two mentioned above, and if fenfluramine is indeed capable of in- ducing haemolytic anaemia, further examples may come to light.-Iam, etc.,
Clinical and Diagnostic Procedures in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Dave E. David
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Clinical and Diagnostic Procedures in Obstetrics and Gynecology is the fourth volume in a series of textbooks and monographs dealing with obstetric and gynecologic topics. Part A deals exclusively with obstetrics, while the anticipated part B is to deal with gynecology. This edition is composed of 20 chapters written by 28 contributing authors from both the United States and the United Kingdom.  The book attempts to bridge the transatlantic gap between the practices of obstetrics in the two continents. The format tends to use topics of clinical and diagnostic procedures as a means of introducing and dealing with different aspects of obstetrics in some depth. Therefore, rather than dealing merely with the mechanics of the invasive and noninvasive procedures alone, it tends to expound on the disease processes as well as the diagnoses and treatments of these same entities. Additionally, it expounds on the indications for performing the procedures themselves.
Adoptive immunotherapy with lymphokine-activated killer cells plus recombinant interleukin 2 in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Saburo Onishi, Toshiji Saibara, Masanao Fujikawa, Hiroshi Sakaeda, Yasushi Matsuura, Yoichi Matsunaga, Yasutake Yamamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Ten patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, three of whom had pulmonary metastasis, were treated with adoptive immunotherapy using autologous lymphokine-activated killer cells plus recombinant interleukin 2. Patients received 15 micrograms per day of recombinant interleukin 2 consecutively (for 14 to 64 days), from Day 7 prior to the first leukapheresis, and received 10(9) to 10(10) lymphokine-activated killer cells once or twice per week intravenously; the lymphokine-activated killer cells had been generated from mononuclear cells obtained through leukapheresis. Preadministration of recombinant interleukin 2 prior to the first leukapheresis resulted in a remarkable increase of lymphokine-activated killer activity in seven of nine cases in whom lymphokine-activated killer activity had been poorly inducible even at high concentrations of recombinant interleukin 2. At the end of the treatment, liver tumor regression (34 and 63%, respectively, of two-dimensional size) was observed in two of two patients with a solitary tumor; no increase of liver tumor size was observed in seven patients with massive or multiple tumors, and no changes in the size or number of pulmonary metastatic tumors in any patients were observed. More than a 35% decrease in serum alpha-fetoprotein level was noted in four of nine alpha-fetoprotein-positive patients. However, Child's grades, performance status and lymphokine-activated killer activity on entry into the study could not be used as parameters to predict therapy responsiveness. Neither serious side effects nor significant changes of serum bilirubin, ALT and creatinine were noted. Thus, this treatment seems to be well tolerated even in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with poor liver function reserve, and tumor regression could be expected in small-burden hepatocellular carcinoma. The assessment of the therapeutic effects and application in hepatocellular carcinoma awaits the development of this trial.
Eformoterol fumarate &amp; sodium cromoglycate (SCG) inhibit the airway response to inhaled mannitol in asthmatics by mast cell inhibition*1
Authors: J.D. Brannan, M. Gulliksson, S.D. Anderson, N. Chew, J.P. Seale, M. Kumlin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Adaptation to moving targets: Culture/gene coevolution, not either/or
Authors: H. Clark Barrett, Willem E. Frankenhuis, Andreas Wilke
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract We agree that much of language evolution is likely to be adaptation of languages to properties of the brain. However, the attempt to rule out the existence of language-specific adaptations a priori is misguided. In particular, the claim that adaptation to “moving targets” cannot occur is false. Instead, the details of gene-culture coevolution in language are an empirical matter.
Efficacy of Different Treatment Alternatives for Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome. Pickwick Study
Authors: Juan F. Masa, Jaime Corral, Maria L. Alonso, Estrella Ordax, Maria F. Troncoso, Monica Gonzalez, Soledad Lopez-Martínez, Jose M. Marin, Sergi Marti, Trinidad Díaz-Cambriles, Eusebi Chiner, Felipe Aizpuru, Carlos Egea
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

The incidence of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) may be increasing in parallel with the present obesity epidemic. Despite extensive noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use in patients with OHS, information regarding efficacy is limited.We performed a large, multicenter randomized controlled study to determine the comparative efficacy of NIV, CPAP, and lifestyle modification (control group) using daytime PaCO2 as the main outcome measure.Sequentially screened patients with OHS with severe sleep apnea were randomized into the above-mentioned groups for a 2-month follow up. Arterial blood gas parameters, clinical symptoms, health-related quality-of-life assessments, polysomnography, spirometry, 6-minute-walk distance, dropouts, compliance, and side effects were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using intention-to-treat analysis, although adjustments for CPAP and NIV compliance were also analyzed.In total, 351 patients were selected, and 221 were randomized. NIV yielded the greatest improvement in PaCO2 and bicarbonate, with significant differences relative to the control group but not relative to the CPAP group. In the CPAP group, PaCO2 improvement was significantly different than in the control group only after CPAP compliance adjustment. Additionally, clinical symptoms and polysomnographic parameters improved similarly with NIV and CPAP relative to the control. However, some health-related quality-of-life assessments, the spirometry, and 6-minute-walk distance results improved more with NIV than with CPAP. Dropouts were similar between groups, and compliance and secondary effects were similar between NIV and CPAP.NIV and CPAP were more effective than lifestyle modification in improving clinical symptoms and polysomnographic parameters, although NIV yielded better respiratory functional improvements than did CPAP. Long-term studies must demonstrate whether this functional improvement has relevant implications. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01405976).
The Supreme Court and Physician-Assisted Suicide — Rejecting Assisted Suicide but Embracing Euthanasia
Authors: David Orentlicher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

In rejecting a constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide earlier this year,1,2 the U.S. Supreme Court appeared to preserve the distinction between the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and assisted suicide or euthanasia. In fact, however, the Court undermined the distinction when it endorsed terminal sedation. Terminal sedation seems consistent with traditional medical care but often is a form of euthanasia. Moreover, it is a practice that is ethically more problematic than assisted suicide or voluntary euthanasia.The Supreme Court's OpinionsIn deciding against a right to assisted suicide, the Court faced the claim that such a right is necessary for . . .
Editorial: Approaches to local immunotherapy.
Authors: E J Freireich
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Writers are known to go through periods of mental aridity when no ideas germinate. Medical editorialists are no exception. Facing the challenge of a blank page with a blank mind, how do they put pen to paper? How do they meet a deadline during such agraphic crises? "Crises"? Only a short time ago crisis to a physician meant a sudden resolution of lobar pneumonia, a new lease on life. Now, not to be outdone by the front-page oil crisis, environmental crisis, sex crisis, and the like, medicine features its own crises of medical school admissions, drug abuse, malpractice, and above all, the crisis in health care delivery. "Delivery"? Is it not something we used to associate with a physician assisting in the birth of a new life? Now the term evokes visions of messenger boys depositing newspapers at the door. Is it because medical care has become less significant? "Significant"?
Pnpla3 Genotype Rather Than Race May Explain the Lower Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis Despite Worse Metabolic Risk Factors in African American Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C (Chc)
Authors: Paul J. Clark, Alexander J. Thompson, Thomas J. Urban, Keyur Patel, David M. Vock, Qianqian Zhu, Alison Jazwinski, Susanna Naggie, Hans L. Tillmann, Alexander McKenzie, Hari S. Conjeevaram, Kevin Shianna, David B. Goldstein, Nezam H. Afdhal, Andrew J. Muir
Journal: Hepatology (2011)
Expression and function of CD8 in a murine T cell hybridoma.
Authors: S E Ratnofsky, A Peterson, J L Greenstein, S J Burakoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

In general, the human CD8 molecule is expressed on T cells specific for HLA class I molecules. Studies designed to delineate the function and to define the ligand of the CD8 molecule have been complicated by the fact that the presumptive ligand for CD8 is on the HLA class I molecule, the same molecule encoding the ligand for the antigen-specific T cell receptor. The ability to express genes in cells other than their natural host has produced a new technology with which to approach CD8 functional studies. The insertion of a cDNA clone for CD8 in a defective retroviral vector has allowed the transfer of CD8 by infection with the resulting defective retrovirus. CD8 was then expressed in an HLA class II-specific T cell, thus separating the ligand requirements of the TCR and CD8. By this approach, the human CD8 molecule was expressed in a murine T cell hybridoma specific for human class II antigens. The resulting CD8+ hybridomas demonstrated a 10-fold increase in IL-2 production over the parent cell line when stimulated with JY, a human B lymphoblastoid cell line expressing both class I and II HLA antigens, demonstrating that expression of CD8 increases T cell activation. mAbs directed against the CD8 molecule inhibited the response of CD8+ hybridomas to JY, supporting the conclusion that the CD8 molecule was fractional. The role of CD8 as a receptor for class I MHC antigens was addressed by stimulation with a cell line expressing HLA-DR antigens, but lacking the expression of HLA class I antigens (Daudi). Stimulation of the CD8+ hybridomas by Daudi did not result in increased IL-2 production. The response to Daudi was unaltered by the addition of anti-CD8 mAb, in contrast to the ability of anti-CD8 mAb to block JY stimulation. Furthermore, mAbs directed against the class I antigens present on JY cells were able to block the enhanced response of the CD8+ hybridomas to JY. These data support the hypothesis that HLA class I molecules are the ligands involved in the CD8-dependent enhancement of T cell activation.