tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic Elastase-1 in Stools, a Marker of Exocrine Pancreas Function, Correlates With Both Residual β-Cell Secretion and Metabolic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Bruno Mueller, Fajfr Radko, Peter Diem
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

There is increasing evidence that exocrine pancreatic function may be impaired in patients with type 1 diabetes (1,2). Cavalot et al. (3) found that fecal pancreatic elastase-1 (PE-1) was significantly lower in 37 consecutive type 1 diabetic subjects than in 20 healthy control subjects. PE-1 values were directly correlated to C-peptide values and inversely correlated to HbA1c (A1C) and diabetes duration. No correlation between BMI and PE-1 was found. The authors therefore concluded that both residual insulin secretion and glycemic control have relevant effects on exocrine pancreatic function in type 1 diabetic patients.

In contrast to these findings, we found no association between PE-1 values …
The Changing Face of Nutritional Disease in America
Authors: John B. Youmans
Journal: JAMA (1964)

PROGRESS IN SCIENCE is attained by each succeeding generation standing on the shoulders of the preceding and reaching for the stars with interest, ability, and determination. Anyone can reach much higher when he stands on the shoulders of a giant. Nutrition, like the Roman god Janus, is twofaced. One face looks back and reflects the past; the other looks forward toward the future. The face of the present is a composite of the two; remnants of the past blend with features of the future. For nutrition and certain other physiological aspects of life, however, there is only limited validity in the maxim, "The past is prologue; if you would know the future, study the past." A study of the past has strong predictive value when it concerns the minds of men, their emotions, their beliefs, and their political and social philosophies and behavior. In physiological matters, the prediction is less
Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor during acute renal allograft rejection
Authors: Joris J.T.H. Roelofs, Ajda T. Rowshani, José G. van Den Berg, Nike Claessen, Jan Aten, Ineke J.M. Ten Berge, Jan J. Weening, Sandrine Florquin
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
219 PA SYSTOLIC PRESSURE BY RIGHT HEART CATHETERIZATION OFFERS ADDITIVE VALUE TO THE MELD SCORING SYSTEM TO PREDICT OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE
Authors: C. Frenette, H.Y. Jhun, H. Monsour, A. Bhimaraj, A. Codero-Reyes, K. Mahwash, A. Trevino, B. Tachtenberg, G. Torre-Amione, J. Estep
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Women medical graduates of the University of Birmingham 1959-63.
Authors: A. G. Whitfield
Journal: BMJ (1969)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Peptides and protein hydrolysates are promising alternatives to substitute chemical additives as functional food ingredients. In this study, we present a novel approach for producing a potato protein hydrolysate with improved emulsifying and foaming properties by data-driven, targeted hydrolysis. Based on previous studies, we selected 15 emulsifier peptides derived from abundant potato proteins, which were clustered based on sequence identity. Through <i>in silico</i> analysis, we determined that from a range of industrial proteases (Neutrase (Neut), Alcalase (Alc), Flavorzyme (Flav) and Trypsin (Tryp)), Tryp was found more likely to release peptides resembling the target peptides. After applying all proteases individually, hydrolysates were assayed for <i>in vitro</i> emulsifying and foaming properties. No direct correlation between degree of hydrolysis and interfacial properties was found. Tryp produced a hydrolysate (DH=5.4%) with the highest (P&lt;0.05) emulsifying and foaming abilities, good stabilities, and high aqueous solubility. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified &gt;10,000 peptides in each hydrolysate. Through peptide mapping, we show that random overlapping with known peptide emulsifiers is not sufficient to quantitatively describe hydrolysate functionality. While Neut hydrolysates had the highest proportion of peptides with target overlap, they showed inferior interfacial activity. In contrast, Tryp was able to release specifically targeted peptides, explaining the high surface activity observed. While modest yields and residual unhydrolyzed protein indicate room for process improvement, this work shows that data-driven, targeted hydrolysis is a viable, interdisciplinary approach to facilitate hydrolysis design for production of functional hydrolysates from alternative protein sources.
236 SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS AWAITING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: B. Rodríguez-Medina, A. Ramos-Prol, M. Blé, C. Vinaixa, V. Aguilera, Á. Rubín, M. García, M. Prieto, M. Berenguer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Giant Cell Arteritis as a Cause of Death
Authors: Johan Säve-Söderbergh
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Nine patients who have died of giant cell arteritis (GCA) are described. Two patients died of myocardial infarction caused by GCA in the coronary arteries. Another two patients died of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta where GCA were found in the lesions of the aorta wall. Giant cell arteritis causing cerebral stroke was the cause of death in five patients. None of the cases were receiving adequate corticosteroid treatment when symptoms of the ischemic catastrophies started. These cases illustrate that GCA is a generalized arteritis that can involve arteries of vital importance. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:493-496)
Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in pre-invasive and early invasive bronchial lesions
Authors: A-P. Meert, J-M. Verdebout, B. Martin, V. Ninane, F. Feoli, J-P. Sculier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

The 1999 World Health Organization/International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer histological classification of preneoplastic bronchial lesions has been shown to be reproducible but little is known about its biological significance. The current study evaluated the correspondence between the morphological changes of the bronchial epithelium and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) expression. Thirteen normal bronchial epithelia, 19 hyperplasia, 16 metaplasia, 10 mild dysplasia, one moderate dysplasia, 10 severe dysplasia (SD), 14 carcinoma in situ (CIS) and 11 microinvasive tumours were assessed. A global EGF-R score obtained by the sum of the positivity score plus the EGF-R staining intensity score was calculated for each lesion. A global EGF-R score of &gt;5 was reached only in one metaplasia, in six SD, in six CIS and in six microinvasive tumours. There was no difference in EGF-R expression between normal, hyperplastic and metaplastic epithelia versus mild dysplasia or between severe dysplasia versus CIS and microinvasive tumours but there was a statistically significant difference between mild versus severe dysplasia. This study demonstrates that epidermal growth factor receptor expression rate changes with the stage of the bronchial lesion, increasing from normal epithelium to carcinoma in situ and microinvasive tumours with a statistically significant difference between mild versus severe dysplasia.
Pediatric Nephrology, vol 2: Epidemiology, Evaluation and Therapy
Authors: Stuart Kleeman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This volume is a collection of articles originally presented at the Second Annual Pediatric Nephrology Symposium organized in Miami in 1975. As such, it contains both edited, formal presentations, covering a broad range of topics in pediatric nephrology, and transcriptions of workshops on clinical, pathological, and psychological aspects of renal disease. The discussions interspersed between groups of articles provide interesting commentary on the topics previously covered. Among the presentations that best portrayed the state of the art was the series on immunopathology. It covered in detail many aspects of pathogenesis of renal disease, with appropriate clinical examples and up-to-date bibliographies. Especially intriguing were the references to sickle-cell nephropathy as an immune complex disease caused by the patient's response to his own renal tubular epithelial antigens. The pathological studies of Bernstein on hereditary nephritides and Habib on nephrotic syndrome in infancy were also excellent in correlating the most recent analyses of
Health Services Financing Report: A Review of Appendices A-Q
Authors: D. Lees
Journal: BMJ (1970)

In May of this year after three years' work an advisory panel of the B.M.A., with Dr. I. M. Jones in the chair, produced a report on Health Services Financing.(1) A summary appeared in the Annual Report of Council(2) and a preliminary discussion on the report was held at the B.M.A.'s Annual Representative Meeting in July.(3) A full debate was deferred until the committees, divisions, and branches of the Association had had an opportunity to discuss the proposals. Nearly half of the book consists of appendices, commissioned from several economists, which cover the N.H.S. and the health services of 14 Western and some Eastern European countries. Below Professor Dennis Lees reviews these appendices, which formed a major source of information for the authors of the report and therefore have an important bearing on their conclusions.
1424 SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS OF HCV NS5A REPLICATION COMPLEX INHIBITORS SENSITIZE RESISTANT VARIANTS AND ENHANCE THE EFFICACY OF DACLATASVIR (DCV, BMS-790052) IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: M. Gao, D.R. O'Boyle, J.A. Lemm, R.A. Fridell, C. Wang, S. Roberts, M. Liu, P. Nower, Y.-K. Wang, B.M. Johnson, M. Kramer, F. Moulin, M.J. Nophsker, P. Hewawasam, J. Kadow, M. Cockett, N.A. Meanwell, M. Belema, J.-H. Sun
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Foxes and Physic
Authors: William K. Beatty
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Few middle-aged surgeons on active military duty have spent much time hunting on the slopes near the "Little Hill of Hermon." Geoffrey Sparrow obviously enjoyed this experience, as he has relished most of the events in his 75 years. Sparrow, the product of a Victorian home, completed his medical work at Cambridge just before the first World War. He served in the eastern Mediterranean and went into private practice after the war. When the second war broke out he again entered active service. <i>Foxes and Physic</i>(the word order is significant) recounts in text and illustration Sparrow's varied and busy life. He has a light touch with the pointed anecdote; both military and governmental functionaries receive a thorough going over. The illustrations are by the author and form a charming complement to the text; his drawings of natives and animals are simple but perceptive. Throughout his military and civilian careers
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Clinical Usefulness, Angiographic Characteristics, and Safety Evaluation of Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Testing Among 921 Consecutive White Patients With Unobstructed Coronary Arteries”
Authors: Peter Ong, Anastasios Athanasiadis, Gabor Borgulya, Ismail Vokshi, Rachel Bastiaenen, Sebastian Kubik, Stephan Hill, Tim Schäufele, Heiko Mahrholdt, Juan Carlos Kaski, Udo Sechtem
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Statewide System of Electronic Notifiable Disease Reporting From Clinical Laboratories
Authors: Paul Effler, Myra Ching-Lee, April Bogard, Man-Cheng Ieong, Trudi Nekomoto, Daniel Jernigan
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextNotifiable disease surveillance is essential to rapidly identify and respond to outbreaks so that further illness can be prevented. Automating reports from clinical laboratories has been proposed to reduce underreporting and delays.ObjectiveTo compare the timeliness and completeness of a prototypal electronic reporting system with that of conventional laboratory reporting.DesignLaboratory-based reports for 5 conditions received at a state health department between July 1 and December 31, 1998, were reviewed. Completeness of coverage for each reporting system was estimated using capture-recapture methods.SettingThree statewide private clinical laboratories in Hawaii.Main Outcome MeasuresThe number and date of reports received, by reporting system, laboratory, and pathogen; completeness of data fields.ResultsA total of 357 unique reports of illness were identified; 201 (56%) were received solely through the automated electronic system, 32 (9%) through the conventional system only, and 124 (35%) through both. Thus, electronic reporting resulted in a 2.3-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0-2.6) increase in reports. Electronic reports arrived an average of 3.8 (95% CI, 2.6-5.0) days earlier than conventional reports. Of 21 data fields common to paper and electronic formats, electronic reports were significantly more likely to be complete for 12 and for 1 field with the conventional system. The estimated completeness of coverage for electronic reporting was 80% (95% CI, 77%-82%) compared with 38% (95% CI, 37%-39%) for the conventional system.ConclusionsIn this evaluation, electronic reporting more than doubled the total number of laboratory-based reports received. On average, the electronic reports were more timely and more complete, suggesting that electronic reporting may ultimately facilitate more rapid and comprehensive institution of disease control measures.
Structural Changes in Prostatic Cancer after Bilateral Adrenalectomy
Authors: L. M. Franks
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Conditions are described in which pituitary growth hormone consistently produces an " insulin-like " effect on the glucose uptake of diaphragm from normal rats.The effect is shown to be absent when the rats have been made diabetic, and to return when diabetic rats are injected with insulin.It is postulated that the effect is due to the liberation by growth hormone of insulin held in an inactive state in the blood or tissue.
Prevalence, Management, and Clinical Consequences of QT Interval Prolongation During Treatment With Arsenic Trioxide
Authors: Gail J. Roboz, Ellen K. Ritchie, Rebecca F. Carlin, Michael Samuel, Leanne Gale, Juliette L. Provenzano-Gober, Tania J. Curcio, Eric J. Feldman, Paul D. Kligfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a highly effective agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). QT interval prolongation is common with ATO and can pose a barrier to effective administration. The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence, management, and clinical consequences of QT prolongation in a large cohort of patients treated with ATO.We analyzed 3,011 electrocardiograms from 113 patients with non-APL acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome who were treated on a previously reported clinical trial. QT intervals were assessed using four different correction formulas, and data were correlated with clinical parameters and treatment with ATO.There were no clinically significant cardiac events in the study population. Of those receiving ATO therapy, 29 patients (26%) had rate-uncorrected QT values above 470 ms and 13 (12%) had values exceeding 500 ms. With the commonly used Bazett rate correction formula, 102 patients (90%) had QTc greater than 470 ms, including 74 (65%) above 500 ms. By using alternative rate correction formulas, only 24% to 32% of patients had rate-corrected QT intervals above 500 ms.QT interval prolongation is common with ATO treatment, but clinically significant arrhythmias are rare and can be avoided with appropriate precautions. Use of the Bazett correction may result in unnecessary interruptions in ATO therapy, and alternative rate correction formulas should be considered for routine electrocardiographic monitoring.
Urinary Trivalent Methylated Arsenic Species in a Population Chronically Exposed to Inorganic Arsenic
Authors: Olga L. Valenzuela, Victor H. Borja-Aburto, Gonzalo G. Garcia-Vargas, Martha B. Cruz-Gonzalez, Eliud A. Garcia-Montalvo, Emma S. Calderon-Aranda, Luz M. Del Razo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been associated with increased risk of various forms of cancer and of noncancerous diseases. Metabolic conversions of iAs that yield highly toxic and genotoxic methylarsonite (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinite (DMAsIII) may play a significant role in determining the extent and character of toxic and cancer-promoting effects of iAs exposure. In this study we examined the relationship between urinary profiles of MAsIII and DMAsIII and skin lesion markers of iAs toxicity in individuals exposed to iAs in drinking water. The study subjects were recruited among the residents of an endemic region of central Mexico. Drinking-water reservoirs in this region are heavily contaminated with iAs. Previous studies carried out in the local populations have found an increased incidence of pathologies, primarily skin lesions, that are characteristic of arseniasis. The goal of this study was to investigate the urinary profiles for the trivalent and pentavalent As metabolites in both high- and low-iAs-exposed subjects. Notably, methylated trivalent arsenicals were detected in 98% of analyzed urine samples. On average, the major metabolite, DMAsIII, represented 49% of total urinary As, followed by DMAsV (23.7%), iAsV (8.6%), iAsIII (8.5%), MAsIII (7.4%), and MAsV (2.8%). More important, the average MAsIII concentration was significantly higher in the urine of exposed individuals with skin lesions compared with those who drank iAs-contaminated water but had no skin lesions. These data suggest that urinary levels of MAsIII, the most toxic species among identified metabolites of iAs, may serve as an indicator to identify individuals with increased susceptibility to toxic and cancer-promoting effects of arseniasis.
Identification, Purification, and Partial Characterization of an Organic Anion Binding Protein from Rat Liver Cell Plasma Membrane
Authors: Allan W. Wolkoff, Cathie T. Chung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Uptake of bilirubin, sulfobromophthalein (BSP), and other organic anions by the liver is a process with kinetics consistent with carrier mediation. The molecular basis of this transport mechanism is unknown. In the search for the putative organic anion carrier or receptor, the interaction of BSP with rat liver cell plasma membrane (LPM) has been studied. Specific binding of [35S]BSP to LPM was determined using a filtration assay. Results revealed high affinity (Ka = 0.27 μM−1), saturable (6.3 nmol/mg protein) binding, which was eliminated after preincubation with trypsin. Although [35S]BSP was strongly bound to LPM, the binding was rapidly reversible, preventing direct identification and study of a specific binding site(s). To avoid this problem, a photoaffinity probe was devised, in which [35S]BSP is covalently bound to LPM after exposure to ultraviolet light. Subsequent sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and fluorography revealed radioactivity predominantly associated with a single 55,000-mol wt protein. A protein with identical electrophoretic mobility was purified from deoxycholate solubilized LPM after affinity chromatography on glutathione-BSP-agarose gel. This protein migrated as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and on urea gel isoelectric focusing. It contained 1-2 residues of sialic acid per 55,000-dalton protein, and was immunologically distinct from rat albumin and ligandin. It bound bilirubin with a Kd of 20 μM, as determined by tryptophan fluorescence quenching. Although the high affinity of this LPM protein for organic anions suggests that it may function as a hepatocellular organic anion receptor, its role in transport of these compounds is unknown.
Abstract 1371: Antitumor activity of a new quinoxalinyl-piperazine compound
Authors: Young Bok Lee, Gina Chun, Deog J. Kim, Chang H. Ahn, Young D. Kong, Moon K. Jeon, Jae Y. Kong
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Novel 1-[(5 or 6-substituted alkoxyquinoxalinyl)aminocarbonyl]-4-(hetero)arylpiperazine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as an anti-tumor agent. Despite their structural similarity to the quinoxalinyl-piperazine core scaffold, the IC50 values of the compounds against human cancer cells depends on the substitution at the quinoxaline ring but also from substituents at the phenyl ring. The best compound showing IC50 values ranging from 11 to 21 nμ was selected and characterized further both in vitro and in vivo. This compound was more potent against paclitaxel resistant HCT-15 colorectal cells compared to paclitaxel itself. Combined treatment of this compound with known anti-cancer drugs, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cisplatin, gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil, displayed synergistic growth inhibition of cancer cells. In mice bearing tumor xenografts, treatment with the compound completely inhibited the growth of various human tumors, enhanced tumor regression without effects on body weight compared to control animals. Mechanistic studies have shown that this quinoxalinyl-piperazine compound is a G2/M-specific cell cycle inhibitor and inhibits anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein with p21 induction. The results clearly demonstrate that our new quinoxalinyl-piperazine compound could become a novel class of anti-tumor chemotherapeutics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1371. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1371
99 RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE: A NATIONWIDE POPULATION- BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: K.K. Søgaard, E. Horváth-Puhó, H. Grønbæk, P. Jepsen, H. Vilstrup, H.T. Sørensen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
P94 Retrospective study to assess the background incidence of Hepatitis B and C in patients with Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis at Whipps Cross Hospital: Abstract P94 Table 1.
Authors: VE Beasley, R Anders, M Darmalingam
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3></h3> Since 2010 our hospital has aimed to test all new patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) or latent TB for hepatitis B and C. Guidelines from the NICE recommend all new patients with TB should be tested for HIV. However, no such guidelines exist regarding hepatitis B and C screening. We feel patients with undiagnosed hepatitis B and C should be identified prior to commencing anti-TB medication due to the potential risk of severe hepatotoxicity. Recently within London, anecdotally two patients with undiagnosed hepatitis treated for TB, subsequently required liver transplantation as a result of significant hepatotoxicity. A retrospective study was conducted to assess hepatitis B and C incidence within patients treated for TB and latent TB during 2012. Blood results were reviewed for any new hepatitis B/C results. Table 1 shows these results, highlighting that 4.7% of patients screened in both cohorts tested positive for Hepatitis B or C. The two additional hospitals within the trust contribute a large number of additional TB and latent TB patients, totalling 1115 patients. Through extending the earlier observation of 4.7% Hepatitis B or C incidence in our hospital, there would be an estimated 51 patients affected across the trust. Based on the individual costs of screening tests for Hepatitis B (£6.30) and C (£5.13), for the 1115 current TB patients, our trust wide hepatitis screening costs were estimated at £12,744. The approximate cost of a liver transplant operation at Kings College Hospital in 2012 was £125,000, not including the additional after care costs and accounting for possible complications. We feel the cost of hepatitis screening is outweighed by the benefits of identifying patients with positive serology in a timely fashion; permitting closer monitoring of their liver function and initiating an early gastroenterology referral. It is vital we attempt to reduce the morbidity and possible mortality of hepatotoxicity in hepatitis positive TB patients; the financial, emotional and psychological implications for a patient undergoing a liver transplant are enormous. We propose that hepatitis screening is incorporated into current TB guidelines.