tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes. A new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Authors: A Leenhardt, E Glaser, M Burguera, M Nürnberg, P Maison-Blanche, P Coumel
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Torsade de pointes is characterized not only by its particular ECG pattern but by its context of congenital or acquired long QT syndrome and the long coupling interval of the initial premature beat. METHODS AND RESULTS We observed 14 patients aged 34.6 +/- 10 years (mean +/- SD) with no structural heart disease who presented with syncope related to a typical ECG aspect of torsade de pointes. However, there was no evidence of long QT syndrome, and the torsade had the unusual particularity of an extremely short coupling interval of the first beat or of the isolated premature beats (245 +/- 28 milliseconds). In 10 cases they deteriorated into ventricular fibrillation. Four patients had a familial history of sudden death. Only 2 patients had a tachyarrhythmia inducible by programmed stimulation. At Holter recordings the heart rate variability was globally and significantly depressed, the vagal limb of the autonomic nervous system being predominantly affected. During a mean follow-up of 7 years there were 5 deaths (4 sudden). Nine patients are alive, 3 with implanted defibrillators and 6 treated with verapamil alone. Unlike the other types of antiarrhythmic agents including beta-blockers and amiodarone, verapamil is in our experience the only drug apparently active on the arrhythmias; however, it does not prevent sudden death. CONCLUSIONS The short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes should be identified because of their ECG pattern and the risk of sudden death in young adults with no structural heart disease.
VARICOSE VEINS AS DESCRIBED BY HALY ABBAS
Authors: DOUGLASS W. MONTGOMERY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Recently Paul Richter of Berlin has given a translation of the dermatologic portion of a treatise on medicine written in the tenth century after Christ by Ali ibn al-Abbas commonly called Haly Abbas, a Persian who wrote in Arabic, the then dominant tongue.<sup>1</sup>The entire translation is most interesting and among other subjects includes a number of shrewd statements in regard to varicose veins and their associated diseases. Haly Abbas goes on to say, "Furthermore what appertains to both feet as elephantiasis, and the veins that are known as varicose veins, and the ulcer that is recognized as being peculiar to the city of Balkh." Further along he practically repeats this statement with a slight extension: "On both feet and on both legs there arises elephantiasis, the veins that are called varicose veins and the ulcer which is recognized as being peculiar to the city of Balkh. Elephantiasis is
New device aids cerebral palsy patients in controlling movements
Authors: W. Check
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
S58 Pulmonary Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis (PLCH): a New National Register
Authors: R. H. Mason, N. M. Foley, M. R. Hetzel, H. Branley, J. Suntharalingam
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> PLCH is a rare interstitial lung disease, linked to cigarette smoking and, in some cases associated with respiratory failure and death. Limited UK data have been published and hence little knowledge exists of the diagnostic and treatment practices employed by UK Respiratory physicians. Our study aims to characterise the epidemiological, clinical, histological, radiological and prognostic indicators in a nation wide cohort of patients with PLCH. This study aims to follow the patient journey from point of diagnosis, regardless of the mode of diagnosis, looking at patient demographics and clinical outcomes in the UK population. <h3>Methods</h3> UK Respiratory Consultants were contacted to request details for 71 patients with known PLCH, who had previously been registered on the BTS Orphan Lung Disease (BOLD) database. Patients were sent a consent form and questionnaire. Once written consent was obtained, consultants were sent a questionnaire requesting medical information. The patients9 GPs have provided current medication and past medical history information. <h3>Results</h3> Details on 55 patients were received (including 10 deceased and, 4 lost to follow-up). 17 patients (8 males), have returned a completed consent form and questionnaire so far, and were included for analysis. Age at presentation 32.0 years (SD13.7). <i>Presenting symptoms</i>: Shortness of breath 70.5%, pain 47.1%, pneumothorax 11.8%, cough 29.4% and 5.9% asymptomatic (diagnosed incidentally). <i>Smoking status</i>: Ex 88.2%, current 6.0% mean (SD) 22 (27.2) pack years, and 6.0% never smokers. 23.5% admitted limited exposure to cannabis. <i>Diagnosis</i>: 82% patients had had an HRCT scan and 64.7% an open lung biopsy. <i>Diseasecourse</i>: Symptoms resolved 35.3%, same 41.2% and 23.5% had slowly progressed. 47.0% pneumothorax, 53.0% have received treatment either chemotherapy 29.4% (Chlorambucil (2), 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (2), Azathioprine(1)) or, an operation for recurrent pneumothorax (23.5%) 1 patient is on the waiting list for a lung transplant. <i>Patients’ opinion of Doctors’ knowledge of PLCH</i>: High 35.3%, medium 23.5%, Med/low or low 41.1%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although small, this early dataset indicates a high prevalence of smoking in our UK cohort and, that despite advances in CT a high percentage of patients are still diagnosed with an open lung biopsy.
Optimizing the cryopreservation of murine splenocytes for improved antigen-specific T cell function in ELISPOT
Authors: Ekram Gad, Lauren Rastetter, Dan Herendeen, Benjamin Curtis, Meredith Slota, Marlese Koehniein, Nora Disis
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts ELISPOT assays are routinely used to measure immune responses of T cells in fresh and frozen splenocytes preparations; however, standardized methods for murine ELISPOT are not widely available. Freezing cells can significantly impact the function of T cells. The aim of this study
Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Fistulas: A Retrospective Database Study
Authors: Cemal Tuncer, Beyhan Eryonucu, Talantbek Batyraliev, Mustafa Gokce, Remzi Yilmaz, Murat Akkoyun, Gurkan Acar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Applicability of transesophageal imaging of the flow convergence region for evaluating patient ductus arteriosus
Authors: Takahiro Shiota, David J. Sahn, Adnan Cobanoglu, Henry Casson, Shuping Ge, Satinder K. Sandhu, Ryozo Omoto, Shunei Kyo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Clinical Autonomic Disorders: Evaluation and Management
Authors: Donna C. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<i>Clinical Autonomic Disorders</i>was compiled as a comprehensive summary of current knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of autonomic dysfunction, with an emphasis on disorders of peripheral nerves. On the whole, Dr Low has fulfilled that ambition. Although the book clearly reflects the author's own special interests, both as a clinician dealing with autonomic neuropathies and as founder of an autonomic laboratory at the Mayo Clinic, its 800 pages and 56 chapters present a broad view of autonomic function and failure. It is reasonably up-to-date, references in most chapters extending to 1991. The massive text is organized into three major sections: basic science, clinical evaluation, and clinical disorders. This plan inevitably leads to repetition and overlap, but, if the book is used as a source of individual short monographs, this may not be a problem. Careful attention by the editor has ensured good consistency among the authors, so that there
Saddle-Shaped Mitral Valve Annuloplasty Rings Experience Lower Forces Compared With Flat Rings
Authors: Morten O. Jensen, Henrik Jensen, Morten Smerup, Robert A. Levine, Ajit P. Yoganathan, Hans Nygaard, J. Michael Hasenkam, Sten L. Nielsen
Journal: Circulation (2008)

New insight into the 3D dynamic behavior of the mitral valve has prompted a reevaluation of annuloplasty ring designs. Force balance analysis indicates correlation between annulus forces and stresses in leaflets and chords. Improving this stress distribution can intuitively enhance the durability of mitral valve repair. We tested the hypothesis that saddle-shaped annuloplasty rings have superior uniform systolic force distribution compared with a nonuniform force distribution in flat annuloplasty rings.Sixteen 80-kg pigs had a flat (n=8) or saddle-shaped (n=8) mitral annuloplasty ring implanted. Mitral annulus 3D dynamic geometry was obtained with sonomicrometry before ring insertion. Strain gauges mounted on dedicated D-shaped rigid flat and saddle-shaped annuloplasty rings provided the intraoperative force distribution perpendicular to the annular plane. Average systolic annular height to commissural width ratio before ring implantation was 14.0%+/-1.6%. After flat and saddle shaped ring implantation, the annulus was fixed in the diastolic (9.0%+/-1.0%) and systolic (14.3%+/-1.3%) configuration, respectively (P<0.01). Force accumulation was seen from the anterior (0.72N+/-0.14N) and commissural annular segments (average 1.38N+/-0.27N) of the flat rings. In these segments, the difference between the 2 types of rings was statistically significant (P<0.05). The saddle-shaped annuloplasty rings did not experience forces statistically significantly larger than zero in any annular segments.Saddle-shaped annuloplasty rings provide superior uniform annular force distribution compared to flat rings and appear to represent a configuration that minimizes out-of-plane forces that could potentially be transmitted to leaflets and chords. This may have important implications for annuloplasty ring selections.
Preparticipation screening for the detection of cardiovascular abnormalities that may cause sudden death in competitive athletes
Authors: F Pigozzi, A Spataro, F Fagnani, N Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2003)

Preparticipation screening may prevent sudden cardiac deaths in sporting events

The American Board of Medical Specialties lists sports medicine as a broad area of health care that includes:

1.  exercise as an essential component of health care throughout life;

2.  medical management and supervision of recreational and competitive athletes and others who exercise on a regular basis;

3.  exercise for prevention and treatment of disease and injury.

It combines disciplines from applied physiology to those encompassing clinical, therapeutic, and rehabilitative topics. The preventive aspects of sports medicine are coming of age. Sport is a vehicle for wellbeing and prevention and treatment of diseases, although it can sometimes also represent a risk to health in cases of unacknowledged or asymptomatic pathologies, the most dramatic resulting in sudden cardiac death (SCD) which occasionally strikes apparently healthy athletes.1,2 SCD is a most tragic event, stirring public opinion and commanding a high profile. It is rare, and identifying athletes at risk is a daunting problem. By considering the epidemiology of SCD in athletes and using preparticipation screening (PPS),3–5 as well as estimating the efficacy of instrumental investigations, adequate prevention can be implemented.

Compared with the risk of sudden death in general, the incidence of sports related SCD is low—about 1 event per 100 000 adult athletes per year. The risk increases with age and is more common in men.

There are striking geographical differences. In North America, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the leading cause of SCD in athletes. In Italy, the most common cause is right ventricular cardiomyopathy. In Germany, there is a high proportion of myocarditis. In China, a major cause is Marfan syndrome. In athletes younger than 35, the most common cause is almost invariably severe coronary artery disease.

A primary goal for prevention should be to identify cardiac pathology …
The proteinase activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) mediates mitogenic responses in human vascular endothelial cells.
Authors: H Mirza, V Yatsula, W F Bahou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Proteolytically cleaved receptors, typified by the functional thrombin receptor (TR), represent a novel class of receptors that mediate signaling events by functional coupling to G proteins. Northern blot analysis completed with a human proteinase activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) cDNA as probe demonstrated the approximately 3.5kb PAR-2 transcript in total cellular RNA from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Microspectrofluorimetry using Fura2-loaded HUVEC demonstrated a dose-dependent elevation in intracellular calcium transients ([Ca2+]i) to murine PAR39-44 (SLIGRL, putative neoligand after cleavage), with an approximate EC50 of 30 microM, and evidence for homologous desensitization with complete recovery at 45 min. Xenopus oocytes microinjected with TR cRNA failed to respond to 200 microM PAR39-44, and TR-targeted antisense oligonucleotides specifically abrogated thrombin-induced but not PAR39-44-mediated [Ca2+]i, excluding the possibility that TR/PAR-2 cell-surface coexpression was structurally linked. HUVEC incubated with PAR39-44 demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent mitogenic response similar to that seen with thrombin or TR42-47 (TR-activating peptide, SFLLRN). Preactivation of HUVEC with either PAR39-44 or thrombin resulted in heterologous desensitization to the corresponding agonist, an effect that was mediated primarily by TR internalization as evaluated by immunofluorescence and quantitative ELISA. These results ascribe a previously unrecognized function to the PAR-2 receptor, imply that a natural enzyme agonist may circulate in plasma, and suggest the presence of an additional regulatory mechanism controlling receptor activation events in vascular endothelial cells.
Characterization of a Human Homologue of Proteolysis-Inducing Factor and Its Role in Cancer Cachexia
Authors: Constance L. Monitto, Seung-Myung Dong, Jin Jen, David Sidransky
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Cachexia is an important cause of secondary morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. Previous studies have suggested that cancer-associated cachexia may be due in part to tumor-specific production and secretion of a glycosylated peptide, proteolysis-inducing factor, originally identified in a murine cancer cachexia model. We report here the cloning of a human cDNA that generates a peptide having high-sequence homology to this proteolysis-inducing factor. Constitutive expression of human proteolysis-inducing factor is low or absent in most normal human tissues but appears to be elevated in some human tumors. Stable forced expression of human proteolysis-inducing factor in multiple murine and human cell lines results in a secreted protein, but no glycosylation of the protein is detected. In addition, tumor xenografts engineered to overexpress human proteolysis-inducing factor protein do not induce cachexia in vivo. These findings raise important questions as to potential cross-species differences in protein sequence and processing of murine proteolysis-inducing factor and human proteolysis-inducing factor, as well as the nature of the relationship between human proteolysis-inducing factor and the development of cancer cachexia.
Interleukin 2 production in a family with systemic lupus erythematosus and a C4Q0 heterozygous inheritance.
Authors: C Gutierrez, E Cabrero, J L Vicario, M Martin Villa, M A Rengel, F J Gomez Campdera, M Yebra, E Fernandez-Cruz, A Arnaiz Villena
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

Interleukin 2 production was studied in a family with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a C4Q0 heterozygous inheritance. Autoimmune manifestations seemed to be associated with the HLA haplotype containing the C4Q0 allele, which was shared by all four ill family members. Concentrations of interleukin 2, however, did not associate either with the haplotype or with the clinical or serological manifestations, as diminished concentrations of interleukin 2 were found in only two subjects with SLE. Thus the defect in this family seemed to be acquired rather than genetically conditioned.
Mr Buckley's exploding trousers and other scientific observations
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A possible cure for narcolepsy, the peculiar case of Richard Buckley's exploding trousers, and the curious “pitch drop experiment” were among the subjects that inspired this year's Ig Nobel prizewinners.

The “Igs,” awarded for science that “first makes you laugh, then makes you think,” and “cannot and should not be reproduced,” were given to the winners by genuine Nobel laureates at the 15th annual Ig Nobel ceremony in Boston.

A cure for narcolepsy was offered by Gauri Nanda of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who walked off with the economics award. Ms Nanda invented …
The Training and Utilization of the Mental Health Paraprofessional Within the Military: The Social Work/Psychology Specialist
Authors: KENNETH J. NOLAN, EDWIN T. COOKE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

One attempt to resolve the military'S manpower shortages in the mental health field has been increased use of the paraprofessional specialist. The authors describe the Army's ten-week program of paraprofessional training for enlisted soldiers and the activities of the paraprofessional specialist in various military practice settings. They feel this experience with the paraprofessional in the broad areas of mental health may be relevant to the problems of utilization and training in a number of civilian areas.
Rheumatoid factors: where are we now?
Authors: A J SOLTYS, J S AXFORD, B J SUTTON
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

Rheumatoid factors: where are we now?Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are autoantibodies against IgG.They are probably the most studied antibody since their discovery by Waaler in 1937.In this editorial we aim to briefly examine the proposed roles of RFs, how they may contribute to disease pathogenicity, and, in so doing, mention the application of novel peptide technology, crystallography and molecular modelling to rheumatoid factor study.
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction associated with pulmonary hypertension riociguat trial (LEPHT): rationale and design
Authors: Stefano Ghio, Diana Bonderman, Stephan B. Felix, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Evangelos D. Michelakis, Veselin Mitrovic, Ronald J. Oudiz, Reiner Frey, Lothar Roessig, Marc J. Semigran
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
A gene (RPGR) with homology to the RCC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor is mutated in X–linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP3)
Authors: A. Meindl, K. Dry, K. Herrmann, E. Manson, A. Ciccodicola, A. Edgar, M.R.S. Carvalho, H. Achatz, H. Hellebrand, A. Lennon, C. Migliaccio, K. Porter, E. Zrenner, A. Bird, M. Jay, B. Lorenz, B. Wittwer, M. D'Urso, T. Meitinger, A. Wright
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Racial Differences in Outcomes within the National Lung Screening Trial. Implications for Widespread Implementation
Authors: Nichole T. Tanner, Mulugeta Gebregziabher, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Elizabeth Payne, Leonard E. Egede, Gerard A. Silvestri
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: Black individuals with lung cancer (LC) experience higher mortality because they present with more advanced disease and are less likely to undergo curative resection for early-stage disease. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated improved LC mortality by screening high-risk patients with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). The benefit of LDCT screening in black individuals is unknown.Objectives: Examine results of the NLST by race.Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a randomized trial (NCT00047385) performed in 33 U.S. centers.Measurements and Main Results: Overall and lung cancer–specific mortality were measured. Screening with LDCT reduced LC mortality in all racial groups but more so in black individuals (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61 vs. 0.86). Smoking increased the likelihood of death from LC, and when stratified by race black smokers were twice as likely to die as white smokers (HR, 4.10 vs. 2.25). Adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, black individuals experienced higher all-cause mortality than white individuals (HR, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–1.49); however, black individuals screened with LDCT had a reduction in all-cause mortality. Black individuals were younger, were more likely to be current smokers, had more comorbidities, and had fewer years of formal education than white individuals (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Black individuals screened with LDCT had decreased mortality from lung cancer. However, the demographics associated with improved LC survival were less commonly found in black individuals. The overall mortality in the NLST was higher for black individuals than white individuals, but improved in black individuals screened, suggesting that this subgroup may have had improved access to care. To realize the reductions in mortality from LC screening, dissemination efforts need to be tailored to meet the needs of this community.
Corticosteroids and tuberculosis.
Authors: K Fife, D Rogers, A G Davison
Journal: BMJ (1991)

enteritis."'The authors detail the oral therapy they used in terms of mmoUl.Mans! vears ago I was taught that the best oral rehydration solution was one that was made up of eight tablespoons of sugar and half a teaspoon of salt in one litre of water.Three glasses of this mixture were to be given after each stool.Does this simple, plain, and uncomplicated oral mixture, which could be understood by anyone, correspond to the glucose-electrolyte solution, measured in mmol/l, mentioned in the article?