tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Factors in Primary Breast Sarcomas: A Series of Patients With Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: L. Zelek, A. Llombart-Cussac, P. Terrier, X. Pivot, J.M. Guinebretiere, C. Le Pechoux, T. Tursz, F. Rochard, M. Spielmann, A. Le Cesne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To describe the pathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of primary breast sarcomas (PBSs).We reviewed the clinical records and pathologic slides of 83 women with PBS treated in our institution between 1954 and 1991, with a median follow-up of 7.8 years. The majority of patients had undergone surgical treatment.The main histologic type was malignant fibrohistiocytoma (n = 57). For the whole population, the 10-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 62% and 50%, respectively. For Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors, the 10-year OS and DFS rates were 82% and 61%, 62% and 51%, and 36% and 25%, respectively (P =.00007 and.004, respectively). For tumors measuring less than 5 cm, 5 to 10 cm, and more than 10 cm, the 10-year OS and DFS rates were 76% and 66%, 68% and 55%, and 28% and 15%, respectively (P =.002 and.009, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the tumor size and histologic grade were correlated with the 10-year DFS rate (P =.04 and.01, respectively), but only the histologic grade was correlated with OS (P =.01). Angiosarcoma was the only histologic type significantly associated with a poorer outcome in the multivariate analysis.PBSs have the same clinical history and prognostic factors as sarcomas arising at other sites. Therefore, it is legitimate to use a similar treatment strategy for PBS as for other sarcomas.
Effective and fibrin-specific clot lysis by a zymogen precursor form of urokinase (pro-urokinase). A study in vitro and in two animal species.
Authors: V Gurewich, R Pannell, S Louie, P Kelley, R L Suddith, R Greenlee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

A single-chain 55,000-mol wt form of urokinase (UK), similar to that previously isolated from urine, was purified from a transformed kidney cell culture medium and characterized; and its fibrinolytic properties were evaluated. The preparation immunoprecipitated with UK antiserum, had a low intrinsic amidolytic activity that was 0.1% of its active derivative, and resisted diisopropyl fluorophosphate treatment and inactivation by plasma inhibitors. The single-chain UK was therefore designated pro-UK. In the presence of plasmin and during clot lysis, activation by conversion to two-chain, 55,000-mol wt UK (TC-UK) was demonstrated. This did not occur during blood clotting nor on incubation with purified thrombin. Clot lysis in plasma consistently occurred in 2-5 h with 50-100 IU per ml of pro-UK, whereas comparable lysis was inconsistently achieved by 500-1,000 IU of UK. Pro-UK, in sharp contrast to UK, caused no fibrinogen degradation at fibrinolytic concentrations. In the absence of a clot, pro-UK in plasma was stable for more than 2 d. When a clot was added after incubation (37 degrees C) for 50 h, activation to full lytic activity took place. The findings in vivo were comparable but the rapid clearance of pro-UK required that it be given by a constant infusion despite its plasma stability. In rabbits, a UK-resistant species, pro-UK was significantly (P less than 0.001) more efficacious than TC-UK but neither induced significant fibrinogen degradation. In dogs, a more sensitive species, the high specificity of thrombolysis by pro-UK contrasted with the defibrinogenation and uncontrollable bleeding that accompanied thrombolysis by UK. It was concluded that clot lysis by pro-UK is more effective and specific than UK. The advantage of pro-UK is in the limitation of its activation to the site of a clot. This can be explained by an activation mechanism that is dependent, under physiological conditions, on fibrin-stabilized plasmin.
Early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation: Is it predictive of long-term unsuccessful outcome?
Authors: Carlo Pappone, Salvatore Rosanio, Giuseppe Augelio, Simone Gulletta, Gabriele Paglino, Mario Pittalis, Cosimo Dicandia, Gabriele Vicedomini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Numerous Facial Lesions in a 47-Year-Old Woman—Quiz Case
Authors: Phillip C. Hochwalt, Brian L. Swick, Marta VanBeek
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
147. Effective Gene Transfer to Human Glioma Cells Using High Capacity Adenoviral Vectors: Human Glioma Cells Express Substantial Levels of CAR and Integrin Adenoviral Co-Receptors
Authors: Marianela Candolfi, James F. Curtin, Weidong Xiong, Kurt M. Kroeger, Chunyan Liu, Altan Rentsendorj, Hasmik Agadjanian, Lali Medina-Kauwe, Philip Ng, Donna Palmer, Pedro R. Lowenstein, Maria G. Castro
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common subtype of primary brain tumor and, to date, it has no cure. Although adenoviral vectors have been used for gene delivery to glioma tumors in clinical trials, the infectivity of adenoviral vectors in human glioma cells as well as their expression of adenoviral receptors remains controversial. In the present work we report on the expression of two adenoviral receptors, i.e., Coxsackie adenoviral receptor (CAR) and Integrin αV (INT) in murine and human glioma cells. Further, we also report that novel, gutless high-capacity adenoviral (HC- Ad) vectors efficiently infect and express their respective therapeutic transgenes in glioma cell lines derived from murine and human GBM. We constructed and purified HC-Ad vectors expressing b- Galactosidase, HSV1-thymidine kinase (TK) or human soluble Flt3L (hsFlt3L). These were used to infect mouse GL26 cells, rat CNS-1 cells, and the established human glioma cell lines, U251 and U87, and the primary glioma cell lines, derived from surgical biopsies, i.e., IN859 and IN 2045. All cells tested expressed variable amounts of both, CAR and INT, as detected by immunocytochemistry and Western blots. The infectivity and expression of HC-Ad vectors encoding b-Gal was determined by immunocytochemistry and enzymatic activity. High transgene expression was achieved in all the human glioma cells, and in rat CNS-1 cells, while the expression in GL26 cells was lower. The HC-Ad vector encoding TK was successfully expressed in all the cell lines under study, as detected by immunocytochemistry. In the presence of the prodrug ganciclovir, this vector induced cell death in all the murine and human glioma cells, as measured by flow cytometric analysis of cell death. The HC-Ad vector expressing Flt3L also infected efficiently the different cell lines tested as assessed by immunocytochemistry. Finally, high levels of Flt3L were detected, by ELISA, in the supernatant of infected cultures. Our data show that adenoviral receptors are expressed not only in murine glioma cell lines used in preclinical GBM models, but also in human glioma cell lines and primary GBM cell cultures. Importantly, adenoviral vectors successfully infected human glioma cells and elicited high expression levels of the therapeutic transgenes. Taken together, our data strongly support the use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy approaches for the treatment of human GBM.
Protection against Fas-induced liver apoptosis in transgenic mice expressing cyclooxygenase 2 in hepatocytes
Authors: Marta Casado, Belén Mollá, Rosa Roy, Amalia Fernández-Martínez, Carme Cucarella, Rafael Mayoral, Lisardo Boscá, Paloma Martín-Sanz
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is upregulated in many cancers, and the prostanoids synthesized increase proliferation, improve angiogenesis, and inhibit apoptosis in several tissues. To explore the function of COX-2 in liver, transgenic (Tg) mice were generated containing a fusion gene (LIVhCOX-2) consisting of human COX-2 cDNA under the control of the human ApoE promoter. Six lines were developed; all of them expressed the LIVhCOX-2 transgene selectively in hepatocytes. The Tg mice exhibited a normal phenotype, and the increased levels of PGE2 found were due to the constitutively expressed COX-2. Histological analysis of different tissues and macroscopic examination of the liver showed no differences between wild-type (Wt) and Tg animals. However, Tg animals were resistant to Fas-mediated liver injury, as demonstrated by low levels of plasmatic aminotransferases, a lesser caspase-3 activation, and Bax levels and an increase in Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and xIAP proteins, when compared with the Wt animals. Moreover, the resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis is suppressed in the presence of COX-2-selective inhibitors, which prevented prostaglandin accumulation in the liver of Tg mice.These results demonstrate that expression of COX-2-dependent prostaglandins exerted a protection against liver apoptosis.
Early psychosocial interventions for low back pain in primary care
Authors: Chris J Main
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The paper by Jellema and colleagues is the first to attempt systematically to incorporate psychosocial management in the treatment of back pain by general practitioners in a primary care setting.1 The success of pain management programmes in “reversing” the impact of chronic incapacity in a proportion of patients with apparently intractable chronic pain has led to an interest in secondary prevention,2 3 as the sort of factors that seemed to respond to cognitive behaviour therapy had also been shown to be early risk factors for chronicity.4 A specific focus by general practitioners on psychosocial obstacles to recovery has recently been …
Congenital hypothyroidism, as studied in rats. Crucial role of maternal thyroxine but not of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in the protection of the fetal brain.
Authors: R Calvo, M J Obregón, C Ruiz de Oña, F Escobar del Rey, G Morreale de Escobar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

To study the protective effects of maternal thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) in congenital hypothyroidism, we gave pregnant rats methimazole (MMI), an antithyroid drug that crosses the placenta, and infused them with three different doses of T4 or T3. The concentrations of both T4 and T3 were determined in maternal and fetal plasma and tissues (obtained near term) by specific RIAs. Several thyroid hormone-dependent biological end-points were also measured. MMI treatment resulted in marked fetal T4 and T3 deficiency. Infusion of T4 into the mothers increased both these pools in a dose-dependent fashion. There was a preferential increase of T3 in the fetal brain. Thus, with a T4 dose maintaining maternal euthyroidism, fetal brain T3 reached normal values, although fetal plasma T4 was 40% of normal and plasma TSH was high. The infusion of T3 pool into the mothers increased the total fetal extrathyroidal T3 pool in a dose-dependent fashion. The fetal T4 pools were not increased, however, and this deprived the fetal brain (and possibly the pituitary) of local generation of T3 from T4. As a consequence, fetal brain T3 deficiency was not mitigated even when dams were infused with a toxic dose of T3. The results show that (a) there is a preferential protection of the brain of the hypothyroid fetus from T3 deficiency; (b) maternal T4, but not T3, plays a crucial role in this protection, and (c) any condition which lowers maternal T4 (including treatment with T3) is potentially harmful for the brain of a hypothyroid fetus. Recent confirmation of transplacental passage of T4 in women at term suggests that present results are relevant for human fetuses with impairment of thyroid function. Finding signs of hypothyroidism at birth does not necessarily mean that the brain was unprotected in utero, provided maternal T4 is normal. It is crucial to realize that maintainance of maternal "euthyroidism" is not sufficient, as despite hypothyroxinemia, the mothers may be clinically euthyroid if their T3 levels are normal.
Natural History of HIV-1 Cell-Free Viremia
Authors: Henrard Dr, Phillips Jf, Muenz Lr, Blattner Wa, Wiesner D, Eyster Me, Goedert Jj
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To characterize the natural history of viremia with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its association with disease progression from infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Prospective cohort study. Annual specimens were tested for quantitative virion-associated HIV-1 RNA, p24 antigen, and CD4+ lymphocyte levels.A total of 42 homosexual men who seroconverted to HIV-1 between 1982 and 1985.Trends over time in serum HIV-1 RNA level, correlations between serum HIV-1 RNA and other markers, and prediction of AIDS using these markers.HIV-1 RNA levels were stable over time, increasing by 10-fold or more in only six (14%) of the 42 subjects during 3 to 11 years of follow-up. Mean HIV-1 RNA levels were 10(3.8) copies/mL if AIDS occurred in less than 4 years, 10(3.07) copies/mL if AIDS developed within 4 through 9 years, and 10(2.27) copies/mL if AIDS did not develop within 6 through 11 years. In both univariate and multivariate models, initial and subsequent HIV-1 RNA levels, p24 antigenemia, and percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes were independently predictive of AIDS.The stability of virion-associated HIV-1 RNA levels suggests that an equilibrium between HIV-1 replication rate and efficacy of immunologic response is established shortly after infection and persists throughout the asymptomatic period of the disease. Thus, defective immunologic control of HIV-1 infection may be as important as the viral replication rate for determining AIDS-free survival. Because individual steady-state levels of viremia were established soon after infection, HIV-1 RNA levels may be useful markers for predicting clinical outcome.
Nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding the group II allergen of cocksfoot/orchard grass (<i>Dactylis glomerata), Dac g</i> II
Authors: A. M. Roberts, L. J. Bevan, P. S. Flora, I. Jepson, M. R. Walker
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Cocksfoot/orchard grass ( Dactylis glomerata ) anther cDNA clones encoding the group II allergen Dac g II were previously isolated on the basis of immunoreactivity of human, rabbit, and murine antibodies with a 24–kDa protein expressed as a fusion protein with β‐galactosidase. Nucleotide sequencing reveals an open reading frame predicting expression of a 98–amino‐acid (11–kDa) polypeptide exhibiting &gt; 90% homology with the group II allergen of Lolium perenne, Lol p II. In vitro translation of different sized clone fragments generated by polymerase chain amplification confirms eukaryotic expression of a 10–12–kDa polypeptide by SDS‐PAGE and the position of a translational stop apparently unrecognized during expression of λgt 11 in E. coli. The unusual characteristics of the prokaryote‐expressed fusion proteins may be exerting conformational alterations in Dac g II, as reflected by previous demonstrations of differences in human IgE immunoreactivity. Northern blot analysis using PCR‐generated partial and full‐length probes suggests that group II allergens may be encoded by a different family or families of temporally expressed genes from those encoding group I major allergens, although a group I gene may have been the progenitor.
A glibenclamide sensitive potassium conductance in terminal arterioles isolated from guinea pig heart
Authors: H.-G. Klieber, J. Daut
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to isolate terminal arterioles from guinea pig heart, to describe their basic electrical properties, and to obtain evidence for the presence of KATP channels in microvascular coronary smooth muscle cells. Methods: Terminal arterioles of 20-50 μm diameter were obtained by enzymatic digestion of isolated perfused hearts. The isolated arterioles were viable for up to 8 h and constricted upon application of high potassium solution. Whole cell clamp experiments on smooth muscle cells of these arterioles were performed at room temperature. Results: The resting potential of coronary smooth muscle cells in terminal arterioles showed a bimodal distribution with one peak at -23(SD 8) mV and the other peak at -61(4) mV. Application of glibenclamide (50 μM) to the latter group of arterioles produced a depolarisation to -37(8) mV; application of cromakalim (1 μM) produced a hyperpolarisation to -71(1) mV. The current changes associated with voltage steps and slow voltage ramps in the range -120 to +40 mV indicated that the smooth muscle cells in the arterioles were coupled electrically. The steady state current-voltage relation was sigmoid with a flat region in the range -50 to -30 mV. In the presence of 2-50 μM glibenclamide the slope resistance at potentials negative to -50 mV and positive to -30 mV was markedly increased. In the presence of 1 μM cromakalim the slope resistance was decreased and the current-voltage relation at negative potentials became nearly linear. The crossover point of the current-voltage relations measured under control conditions and in the presence of glibenclamide was near the calculated potassium equilibrium potential. Conclusions: Glibenclamide closes and cromakalim opens potassium channels in smooth muscle cells of coronary arterioles. The voltage dependence of the steady state current changes suggests that the current activated by cromakalim is not carried by the same channels as the current inhibited by glibenclamide. The glibenclamide sensitive channels make a significant contribution to the membrane potential of isolated arterioles. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:823-830
Improved Survival after Pulmonary Metastasectomy for Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Jarrod D. Predina, Matthew M. Puc, Meredith R. Bergey, Seema S. Sonnad, John C. Kucharczuk, Arthur Staddon, Larry R. Kaiser, Joseph B. Shrager
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Access to Health Care
Authors: Drummond Rennie, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plasma Homocysteine Distribution and Its Association With Parental History of Coronary Artery Disease in Black and White Children
Authors: Kurt J. Greenlund, Sathanur R. Srinivasan, Ji-Hua Xu, Edward Dalferes, Leann Myers, Arthur Pickoff, Gerald S. Berenson
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Elevated homocysteine is associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in adults, but its distribution in children is not well documented. We examined the distribution of homocysteine in children and its relation to parental history of CAD. Methods and Results —A subsample of 1137 children (53% white, 47% black) aged 5 to 17 years in 1992 to 1994 examined in the Bogalusa Heart Study (n=3135), including all with a positive parental history of CAD (n=154), had plasma homocysteine levels measured. Homocysteine correlated positively with age ( r =0.16, P =0.001). No race or sex differences in homocysteine levels were observed; geometric mean (GM) levels were 5.8 μmol/L (95% CI, 5.6 to 6.1) among white males, 5.8 μmol/L (95% CI, 5.5 to 6.0) among white females, 5.6 μmol/L (95% CI, 5.4 to 5.8) among black males, and 5.6 μmol/L (95% CI, 5.4 to 5.9) among black females. Children with a positive parental history of CAD had a significantly greater age-adjusted GM homocysteine level (GM, 6.7 μmol/L; 95% CI, 6.4 to 7.1) than those without a positive history (GM, 5.6 μmol/L; 95% CI, 5.4 to 5.7); this relation was observed in each race-sex group. Conclusions —Higher homocysteine levels were observed among children with a positive family history of CAD. Additional studies should elucidate the contribution of genetic, dietary, and other factors to homocysteine levels in children.
THE RELATION OF HEREDITY TO CANCER
Authors: E. E. TYZZER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

That the development of malignant tumors—commonly grouped together under the name of "cancer"— are the manifestations of inherited peculiarites is a conception probably less generally held than formerly. For a time the subject of heated controversy, the question of heredity with reference to tumors has received little attention in recent years. It seems quite possible that the dictum of the statistician has been too readily accepted, and it is not improbable that something may be learned by a further inquiry and a utilization of certain recently established laws of inheritance. In inheritance we have to deal with the transmission of certain characteristics, which may be visible, as in the case of coat pigmentation in animals, or invisible, such as those exemplified in physiologic peculiarities, temperament, wildness, etc. Tumors belonging to the group to which the term "cancer" is applied occur most frequently late in life so that, strictly speaking, it
The safety and efficacy of sublingual and oral immunotherapy for milk allergy
Authors: Corinne A. Keet, Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio, Ananth Thyagarajan, John T. Schroeder, Robert G. Hamilton, Stephen Boden, Pamela Steele, Sarah Driggers, A. Wesley Burks, Robert A. Wood
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Von Jaksch's Syndrome in a Baby with Congenital Syphilis
Authors: A. D. Grunberg, D. H. Gawith
Journal: BMJ (1947)

MEDBRTLOURNA 495 ended fatally in' a few months.In the final stages it was found necessary to perform a gastrostomy owing to severe dysphagia.The authors quote Scheuermann, who in 1939 collected from the literature 263 more or less verified cases of polymyositis, and they cons-der it a rare and usually fatal disease.In this connexion the above case might be of even greater interest. Medical Memoranda Case of Strangulated Diaphragmatic HerniaThe following case of strangulated diaphragmatic hernia is of special interest because of the limitation of all symptoms to. the abdomen and the localization of all signs in the chest.