tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
All-oral combination of ledipasvir, vedroprevir, tegobuvir, and ribavirin in treatment-naïve patients with genotype 1 HCV infection
Authors: David L. Wyles, Maribel Rodriguez-Torres, Eric Lawitz, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Stanislas Pol, Robert W. Herring, Benedetta Massetto, Bittoo Kanwar, James D. Trenkle, Phil S. Pang, Yanni Zhu, Hongmei Mo, Diana M. Brainard, Mani G. Subramanian, John G. McHutchison, François Habersetzer, Mark S. Sulkowski
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

This phase II trial assessed the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen of the nonstructural protein (NS)5A inhibitor ledipasvir (LDV), NS3 protease inhibitor vedroprevir (VDV), non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitor tegobuvir (TGV), and ribavirin (RBV) in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 without cirrhosis. Patients were randomized 1:2 to LDV 30 mg once daily (QD; Arm 1; n = 46) or LDV 90 mg QD (Arm 2; n = 94); patients in both arms also received VDV 200 mg QD, TGV 30 mg twice-daily, and RBV 1,000-1,200 mg/day. Patients in Arm 2 with vRVR, defined as HCV RNA below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) from treatment weeks 2 to 10, were randomized 1:1 to stop treatment at 12 weeks or continue for 24 weeks. Sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12) was higher in patients receiving 90 mg of LDV for 24 weeks (63%), compared with LDV 90 mg for 12 weeks (54%) and LDV 30 mg for 24 weeks (48%). In patients with very rapid virologic response (vRVR) in Arm 2, SVR12 was achieved by 68% and 81% of patients treated for 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. Virologic breakthrough was more common in patients with HCV genotype 1a and was associated with resistance-associated variants for all three direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs); however, in all but 1 patient who relapsed, resistance-associated variants directed against only one or two of the DAAs were detected. The most common adverse events were fatigue, headache, nausea, rash, and diarrhea. In patients with HCV genotype 1, an interferon-free regimen containing LDV/VDV/TGV/RBV was well tolerated and led to SVR12 in up to 63% of patients. LDV 90 mg is currently being investigated in combination with the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor, sofosbuvir.
Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Patients with Chronic Glomerulonephritis Without Renal Failure
Authors: Hideaki Kaneshige, Masayuki Endoh, Yasuhiko Tomino, Yasuo Nomoto, Hideto Sakai
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

An oral glucose tolerance test and an assay of insulin receptor activity were performed in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) to elucidate the aberration of glucose metabolism in such patients. Ninety of 123 patients with CGN without renal failure showed abnormal glucose tolerance, including 72.6% with IgA nephropathy, 81% with benign recurrent hematuria, 87% with chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis, 100% with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and 80.0% with membranous nephropathy. Insulin responses in CGN patients during oral glucose tolerance tests showed lower levels of basal insulin and significantly higher levels after 90, 120, and 180 min compared with those of normal controls. The binding of radiolabeled insulin to blood mononuclear cells in 22 CGN patients with abnormal glucose tolerance was significantly (P = 0.0023) decreased in comparison with 5 normal controls. However, plasma obtained from such patients showed no significant (P = 0.4761) inhibition of the binding of insulin to normal mononuclear cells. It was concluded that glucose tolerance capacity was impaired in 80.4% of patients with CGN without renal failure. Such impairment of glucose metabolism might be due to decreased activity of insulin receptors on cells in CGN patients.
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Compared with Vancomycin for the Treatment of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infection
Authors: Norman Markowitz, Edward L. Quinn, Louis D. Saravolatz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To compare trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) and vancomycin regarding efficacy and safety in the therapy of serious Staphylococcus aureus infections. Design: Randomized, double-blind comparative trial. Setting: A tertiary-care hospital. Patients: One hundred and one intravenous drug users hospitalized with S. aureus infection. Measurements: Cure and failure rates; blood and wound cultures; minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations; serum inhibitory and bactericidal titers; temperature; leukocyte count; durations of treatment and hospitalization; and toxicity. Results: Of 228 intravenous drug users, 101 had S. aureus infection and were included in the efficacy analysis (43 received TMP-SMZ and 58 received vancomycin). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounted for 47% of S. aureus isolates, and 65% of patients were bacteremic. Infections were cured in 57 of 58 vancomycin recipients and in 37 of 43 TMP-SMZ recipients (P < 0.02). Failure occurred mostly in patients with tricuspid valve endocarditis and only in those with infection caused by methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). The mean duration of bacteremia was 6.7 days in TMP-SMZ recipients and 4.3 days in vancomycin recipients. Among 222 subjects hospitalized for at least 24 hours, toxicity rates were similar for TMP-SMZ (23%) and vancomycin (20%) recipients; nausea and vomiting were associated with TMP-SMZ and inflammation at the intravenous site was associated with vancomycin. Forty-four percent of TMP-SMZ recipients and 29% of vancomycin recipients experienced side effects in the efficacy cohort (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Vancomycin is superior to TMP-SMZ in efficacy and safety when treating intravenous drug users who have staphylococcal infections. However, all treatment failures occurred in patients with MSSA infection at any site. Therefore, TMP-SMZ may be considered as an alternative to vancomycin in selected cases of MRSA infection.
Group Practice &amp;amp; Prepayment of Medical Care
Authors: James E. C. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An important subject of increasingly timely concern is addressed with candor, clarity, and undisguised bias. Dr. MacColl, approaching his subject with a conviction born of broad experience and personal commitment to the group health movement, writes with a style which begins with hackneyed polemics and cacophony (chapter 1), and concludes with eloquently phrased, meaningful remarks (chapter 12). Much of what comes between is well worth the reading: chapter 2 provides valuable perspective through a historical review of the tribulations and successes of the group practice and prepayment movement. Chapter 5 is a quite complete and frank view of the advantages and disadvantages of group practice; although the author's bias is not labeled, it is clearly discernible. The remaining chapters are devoted to "how to do it" and in a simplified cookbook fashion provide useful views to those contemplating group practice associated with a prepayment plan. This book would be
TOTAL BILIRUBIN/ALBUMIN RATIO HAS AN INDEPENDENT AND INCREMENTAL ROLE IN PREDICTING RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE AFTER LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Selim Krim, Rey Vivo, Andrea Cordero-Reyes, Matthias Loebe, Brian Bruckner, Guillermo Torre-Amione, Arvind Bhimaraj, Hector Ventura, Jerry Estep
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Oral Patient Presentation in the Era of Night Float Admissions
Authors: Gurpreet Dhaliwal, Karen E. Hauer
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of hepatocyte growth factor on the growth and metabolism of human hepatocytes in primary culture
Authors: María José Gómez-Lechón, José Castelli, Isabel Guillén, Enrique o'Connor, Toshikazu Nakamura, Ricardo Fabra, Ramón Trullenque
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The effect of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (h-rHGF), a potent mitogen for hepatocytes, was investigated in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Here, we describe a series of experiments to investigate the kinetics of its mitogenic action, as well as its metabolic effects on cultured human hepatocytes. The h-rHGF is a potent signal for initiating DNA synthesis in human hepatocytes, with maximal stimulatory effects at 10 ng/mL (0.1 pmol/L). The kinetics of DNA synthesis showed a lag of about 48 to 72 hours, followed by a maximum at 96 hours. At least 48 hours of continuous exposure to h-rHGF are required to initiate DNA synthesis in quiescent human hepatocytes. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that most of quiescent 2c cells have left G0/G1 and entered the cell cycle (S and G2/M phases) by 96 hours of continuous exposure to h-rHGF. When compared with other growth factors, h-rHGF was a much more potent mitogen. The effects of 10 ng/mL (0.1 pmol/L) h-rHGF on DNA synthesis were only achieved by 1.5 pmol/L epidermal growth factor (EGF), 0.1 mumol/L insulin, or 1 mumol/L glucagon. It is noteworthy that the effect of h-rHGF was potentiated by glucagon but not by insulin or EGF. The stimulatory effect of HGF on DNA synthesis was gradually inhibited by h-rHGF transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in the range 1 to 10 ng/ml. The HGF also influenced the expression of other hepatic genes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A tick salivary protein targets cathepsin G and chymase and inhibits host inflammation and platelet aggregation
Authors: Jindrich Chmelar, Carlo J. Oliveira, Pavlina Rezacova, Ivo M. B. Francischetti, Zuzana Kovarova, Gunnar Pejler, Peter Kopacek, José M. C. Ribeiro, Michael Mares, Jan Kopecky, Michail Kotsyfakis
Journal: Blood (2010)
Acute Epiglottitis in Adults
Authors: Robert H. Ossoff
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Epiglottitis occurs more often in adults than is generally recognized. Six adults with epiglottitis were treated at Evanston (III) Hospital from March to August 1978. Two required tracheostomy because of delayed diagnosis. There were no deaths. This experience suggests that any patient with acute, painful dysphagia should have indirect laryngoscopy or a carefully interpreted lateral roentgenogram of the neck to rule out epiglottitis. (<i>JAMA</i>1980;244:2639-2640)
SOME OF THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT MORTALITY IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD.
Authors: J. A. WORK
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In discussing this important subject we will premise with the unquestionable proposition, viz., that in the main, physical human nature is the same the world over. Thus, conclusions derived from data from any nation, country or clime, with common environments peculiar to the subject under consideration are applicable to all. For instance, the causes that effect so great an infantile mortality in London or Paris, New York or Chicago, also exist to a greater or less degree in all large cities. The denser the massing together of human beings, the greater the multiplicity of causes of disease, and the inevitable calamitous results. The great variety of habits and customs of a conglomerate of races and nationalities, such as in this age of rapid and cheap transit, makes it almost impossible to prevent any large city from being a fertile field for every conceivable form of disease, and the helpless infant
Multimeric forms of 4-1BBL as stimulators of T cells for adoptive immunotherapy
Authors: Richard S Kornbluth, Victoria Snarsky, Geoffrey W Stone
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Members of the TNF SuperFamily of ligands (TNFSFs) have significant potential as immuno-oncology therapeutic agents. The TNFSFs are trimeric membrane proteins that can be cleaved into soluble single trimers. While the soluble single trimers can be easily prepared and studied, they
Cross linking of collagen is increased in colonic diverticulosis.
Authors: L Wess, M A Eastwood, T J Wess, A Busuttil, A Miller
Journal: Gut (1995)

Development of colonic diverticulosis is a function of age and declining colonic wall mechanical strength. The latter is partly a consequence of changes in the collagen structure. Collagen from unaffected human colons (n = 20, age range 20-80 years) and those with colonic diverticulosis (n = 5, age range 67-80 years) were obtained at necropsy. The total collagen content was measured as the hydroxyproline content and cross linkage by collagen solubility in weak acid was studied. The colonic total collagen content was constant with age (mean (SD) 15.8 (0.3) mg/100 mg wet weight of tissue). The acid solubility of the collagen, however, increased after the age of 40 years: at over 60 years, colonic diverticulosis was associated with an increased acid solubility ratio compared with values in unaffected colons (15.3 (0.2); compared with 9.2 (0.2), p < 0.001). The cross linking of colonic collagen increases with age. These changes seem to be a factor in the aetiology of colonic diverticulosis.
NK cell responses to cytomegalovirus infection lead to stable imprints in the human KIR repertoire and involve activating KIRs
Authors: Vivien Béziat, Lisa L. Liu, Jenny-Ann Malmberg, Martin A. Ivarsson, Ebba Sohlberg, Andreas T. Björklund, Christelle Retière, Eva Sverremark-Ekström, James Traherne, Per Ljungman, Marie Schaffer, David A. Price, John Trowsdale, Jakob Michaëlsson, Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren, Karl-Johan Malmberg
Journal: Blood (2013)
Intracavitary Fungus Ball— Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Ralph J. Argen
Journal: JAMA (1962)

A 60-year-old man, who had been successfully treated for tuberculosis in the past, was hospitalized with complaints of hemoptysis and asthenia. There was no longer any clinical or laboratory evidence of active tuberculosis. Roentgenograms of his chest showed an expanded, thinwalled cavity containing a mobile, plastic, spherical mass. Right upper lobectomy was performed, and the specimen removed was found to contain a cavity 8 cm. in diameter, within which was a greyish-brown mass. Microscopic examination showed this to consist of a meshwork of fungal mycelia. The fungus was identified as<i>Aspergillus</i>flavus oryzae. Diagnosis was made difficult by the history of tuberculosis and the presence of sickle cell anemia, but the appearance of the mycetoma under x-ray examination was characteristic.
Military Surgery in World War II
Authors: Michael E. DeBakey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

A DISTINGUISHED alumnus of Harvard University, Walter Lippmann, recently quoted what he identified only as the remark of a discouraged man: the lesson of history is that the lesson of history is never learned. Certainly, that statement holds for almost every phase of military surgery. We did not profit by the experience of World War I, much less that of previous wars, and in many respects it took us a discouragingly long time to comprehend the lessons that took form during World War II.Perhaps the chief reason for our early difficulties in World War II is that we had . . .
Post-Pepper Pain, Perforation, and Peritonitis
Authors: Ofer Landau
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Spices have long been associated with gastric mucosal injury. We report a case of ruptured duodenal ulcer associated with eating chili peppers. A 23-year-old man was admitted to the casualty ward with excruciating abdominal pain and vomiting. Four hours before admission he had competed with his brother in eating 25 chili peppers within 12 minutes. The pain began 2 hours later. There was no history of dyspepsia or any other symptoms related to ulcer diathesis or recent stressful events. On physical examination, the patient was in pain and had overt peritoneal irritation. Routine tests including complete blood cell count and serum urea nitrogen, electrolyte, and amylase levels were within normal limits. Plain abdominal roentgenogram demonstrated free air under the diaphragm. On exploratory laparotomy, the duodenum was neither deformed nor scarred, but a free, round, 5-mm-diameter perforation of the anterior wall was found, together with mild peritonitis. Finney
ANTABUSE® AND BARBITURATES
Authors: Johannes S. Buck
Journal: JAMA (1952)

To the Editor:—  Giarman, Flick, and White in Prolongation of Thiopental Anesthesia in the Mouse by Premedication with Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide (`Antabuse') ( Science  114: 35 [July 13] 1951) show that premedication of mice with antabuse® markedly potentiates the effect of thiopental (pentothal®) sodium, the anesthesia time being increased sixtyfold. Graham, Carmichael, and Allmark in The in Vivo Potentiation of Barbiturates by Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide ( J. Pharm. & Pharmacol . 3: 497 [Aug.] 1951) demonstrate a similar effect in rats and guinea pigs, with sodium cyclural (hexobarbital sodium, evipal® soluble) and sodium phenobarbitone (sodium phenobarbital, luminal® sodium). The sleeping time was approximately doubled.  Although, so far as the writer is aware, the potentiation of barbiturates in man by antabuse® has not been recorded, it is evident that, until data on this point are available, great caution should be observed in permitting the use of barbiturates in persons treated with antabuse.® The effects on such
Code of Ethics.
Authors: A. C. Simonton
Journal: JAMA (1893)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3><h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —I am pleased to notice that my article inThe Journalof April 22 seems to have touched one of the key notes on Code revision. We have a literary symposium on the revision question in the issue of May 6. I had expected that "A Conservative Member" would draw aside his long and ancient cloak, and reach forth and give the brake on the wheels of progress another twist. This has been the business of "conservatives" all along down the ages. It was conservatives who said nineteen hundred years ago that the great Nazarene Teacher was an impostor, that his doctrines were innovations, that he was a disturber and mischief maker, that if he was allowed to proceed in his course the very foundations of religion would be upturned; and said conservatism finally resulted in his
Diagnosing Iliofemoral Vein Occlusion from Radionuclide Blood Pool Venography
Authors: MICHAEL G. McCALLEY, PHILIP BRAUNSTEIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

There have been reports regarding the efficacy of Tc-99m labeled RBC venograms. The authors have found that potentially dangerous iliac vein occlusions can be missed unless especially careful attention is paid in looking for any asymmetry of the iliac vessels with respect to intensity, thickness, and/or definition, along the whole or at least 50% of one of the vessel's length, and the presence or absence of blood pool activity in the most proximal portion of the left common iliac vein, i.e., whether the activity arises from the IVC or the aorta. Eight (21%) of 38 consecutive labeled RBC venograms performed at this institution over six months produced findings that met criteria and/or. Iliofemoral vein occlusion was confirmed in six of the eight patients (16% of all patients). Thus, while the above criteria are not pathognomonic for iliofemoral vein occlusion, their rigid application has enabled the authors to detect a significant proportion of patients with iliofemoral occlusions which would otherwise have gone undetected. All eight cases were confirmed by further workup with direct injection radionuclide venography or contrast venography.
Which New Approaches to Tackling Neglected Tropical Diseases Show Promise?
Authors: Jerry M. Spiegel, Shafik Dharamsi, Kishor M. Wasan, Annalee Yassi, Burton Singer, Peter J. Hotez, Christy Hanson, Donald A. P. Bundy
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

This PLoS Medicine Debate examines the different approaches that can be taken to tackle neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Some commentators, like Jerry Spiegel and colleagues from the University of British Columbia, feel there has been too much focus on the biomedical mechanisms and drug development for NTDs, at the expense of attention to the social determinants of disease. Burton Singer argues that this represents another example of the inappropriate "overmedicalization" of contemporary tropical disease control. Peter Hotez and colleagues, in contrast, argue that the best return on investment will continue to be mass drug administration for NTDs.
Migratory activity of circulating progenitor cells and serum SDF-1α predict adverse events in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Orazio Fortunato, Gaia Spinetti, Claudia Specchia, Elisa Cangiano, Marco Valgimigli, Paolo Madeddu
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

Following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pro-angiogenic progenitor cells (PCs) are released from the bone marrow into the circulation and home to the ischaemic site attracted by a chemokine gradient. It is unknown if components of this early homeostatic response might help forecast the long-term clinical outcome. This study investigates if the number and migratory activity of circulating PCs predict adverse events in patients with AMI (clinical trial: NCT01271309).Basal counts and in vitro migratory activity of CD34/CD45/CD133/CXCR4 PCs and serum cytokine levels were assessed during the first 5 days after AMI in a consecutive series of 172 patients. Clinical outcomes of the study were death, repeat AMI, and new-onset heart failure at a 1-year follow-up. The association between PC counts and cytokine levels with the incidence of clinical outcomes was assessed by multivariable regression models. AMI patients who underwent an event showed higher serum stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) levels and reduced spontaneous motility of PCs in an in vitro migration assay when compared with event-free subjects. After adjustment for age, gender, the presence or absence of ST elevation, or diabetes, the percentage of PCs non-migrated towards vehicle or SDF-1α were both independent predictors of death or repeat AMI and new-onset heart failure (odds ratio [OR] = 2, P = 0.015 and OR = 1.90, P = 0.018, respectively). Moreover, serum SDF-1α levels predict adverse events (OR = 3.8, P = 0.007).Biomarkers reflecting the migratory activity of circulating PCs may aid the assessment of secondary risk in AMI patients.
1277 GENDER AND LIFE-STYLE INFLUENCES SERUM GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE LEVELS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION: TIME TO REDIFINE NORMAL LEVELS
Authors: B. Benazzi, F.G. Foschi, P. Giacomini, V. Bevilacqua, P. Caraceni, G. Re, A. Dall'Aglio, T. Casetti, P. Andreone, G.F. Stefanini, M. Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Total workplace injuries up despite reduction within construction industry
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Workplace deaths and serious injuries in the UK service sector have risen in the past five years. This comes at a time when the figures are at last starting to drop in traditionally high risk areas, such as construction.

The latest annual statistical report from the Health and Safety Commission shows that serious injuries were particularly high in sectors such as catering, transport, and business and finance, which has seen a doubling in the rate of major injuries in the past eight years. Deaths and serious injuries in this sector were up by 18%—from 15 218 in 1999-2000 to 19 697 in 2004-5 (79.7 per 100 000 …