tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A PORTABLE OXYGEN TENT
Authors: Alvan L. Barach
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In recent years the therapeutic use of oxygen has undergone a new trial. Effective methods of administration have been introduced, and a study of the changes in the oxygen content of the arterial blood during treatment has been made. The results indicate that the adequate employment of oxygen in conditions of acute anoxemia is generally followed by clinical improvement, and that an abnormally low arterial oxygen saturation is usually restored to, or near to, the normal value. In no report in which oxygen has been effectively administered is a contrary view upheld. Opinions based on experiences with ineffective methods are no longer germane to effective oxygen treatment. Haldane<sup>1</sup>says: "In the light of present knowledge it is childish to suppose that as soon as anoxemia is relieved a patient will recover, or that anoxemia is itself a trifling matter if life is not immediately imperiled. If there were only
Loss-of-function mutations in the immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 gene (IGSF1) cause a novel, X-linked syndrome of central hypothyroidism and testicular enlargement
Authors: N Schoenmakers, Y Sun, B Bak, ASP van Trotsenburg, W Oostdijk, P Voshol, E Cambridge, JK White, P le Tissier, SNM Gharavy, JP Martinez-Barbera, WH Stokvis-Brantsma, T Vulsma, MJ Kempers, L Persani, I Campi, M Bonomi, P Beck-Peccoz, H Zhu, TME Davis, ACS Hokken-Koelega, D Gorbenko Del Blanco, JJ Rangasami, CAL Ruivenkamp, JFJ Laros, M Kriek, SG Kant, CAJ Bosch, NR Biermasz, NM Appelman-Dijkstra, EP Corssmit, GCJ Hovens, AM Pereira, JT den Dunnen, MG Wade, MH Breuning, RC Hennekam, MT Dattani, JM Wit, DJ Bernard, K Chatterjee
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Implantation Sites of Pacemakers After Right Ventriculotomy and Complete Heart Block
Authors: Donald H. Klotz, John W. Lister, Serge L. Jomain, Brian F. Hoffman, Jackson H. Stuckey
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE IMPLANTATION of ventricular pacemaker electrodes in hearts with complete heart block is not an uncommon operative procedure. It is the purpose of this study to determine the most effective ventricular site, or sites, to implant pacemakers following a right ventriculotomy and complete heart block. <h3>Method</h3> Eight adult healthy mongrel dogs weighing 20 to 31 kg (44 to 68.2 lb) were anesthetized with intravenous thiopental sodium (2.5%), intubated, and placed on controlled ventilation. The chest was entered through the periosteal bed of the resected fifth rib. The right azygous vein was ligated and tapes were placed around the superior and inferior venae cavae. The pericardium was opened widely. Multicontact pacemaker electrodes with lead wires were sutured to the epicardial surface of the left ventricle at five points and to the epicardial surface of the right ventricle at five points, as indicated in Fig 1. During inflow occlusion a right ventriculotomy
Facilitation of macroreentry within the His-Purkinje system with abrupt changes in cycle length.
Authors: S Denker, M H Lehmann, R Mahmud, C Gilbert, M Akhtar
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We have recently described the ability of abrupt short-to-long changes in atrial cycle length (CL) to prolong refractoriness of the His-Purkinje system (HPS) and increase the likelihood of aberrant ventricular conduction. We have also shown similar functional behavior in retrograde refractoriness of the HPS during changes in ventricular CL. To further assess these characteristics we evaluated the effect of abrupt short-to-long change in ventricular CL on the phenomenon of macroreentry within the HPS (Re-HPS) in 20 patients in whom Re-HPS occurred during application of a ventricular extrastimulus (V2) at a constant ventricular CL (method I) and/or with abrupt short-to-long change in CL (method II). For both methods V2 was coupled to a CL of identical duration, designated the reference CL (CLR). In method I the CLs preceding (CLP) the CLR equaled CLR, whereas in method II CLP was less than CLR. The results showed a dramatic increase in occurrence of Re-HPS with abrupt short-to-long change in CL with Re-HPS occurring in 19 patients with this method compared with in 11 patients during constant CL. In 10 patients manifesting Re-HPS with both methods the associated retrograde conduction (V2H2) delays were equal or less during abrupt short-to-long changes in CL and, remarkably, there were concomitantly shorter antegrade conduction (H2V3) delays compared with at a constant CL. Moreover, despite the resulting shorter V2V3, additional Re-HPS beats were also more likely to occur with abrupt short-to-long change in CL compared with at a constant CL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Integrated medicine in the East may differ from that in the West
Authors: J. Park
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Bodeker writes of the lessons on integration that can be gained from the developing world's experience.1 He has ignored the difference in countries' sociopolitical backgrounds and oversimplified the analysis of integration of traditional medicine into modern medical health systems, and his resulting categories are therefore misleading. He needs to take account of sociopolitical differences between communist and capitalist …
Abstract 3122: Combination effect of metformin with gemcitabine for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Keiichi Suzuki, Osamu Takeuchi, Masayoshi Osaku, Yoshinori Yamada
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Metformin (MET) is the first-line treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus. Several epidemiological studies have revealed the anti-cancer effects of metformin, including against pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC). Gemcitabine (GEM) has become the standard chemotherapy for PDC but tolerance to GEM is an important issue. We evaluated the anti-tumor effects of MET for GEM-resistant PDC in a xenograft mouse model. For this in vivo study, wild-type BxPC-3 was implanted into both flanks of 7-week-old female BALB/c nude mice. Mice were divided into four groups: (i) control (without any treatment); (ii) GEM-treated group; (iii) MET-treated group; and (iv) combined treatment group (GEM+MET). Mice were fed for 4 weeks. Estimated tumor volumes and body weights were measured each week. Treatments were initiated 2 weeks after implantation. MET (600 mg/kg) was administrated orally every day. GEM (100 mg/kg) was given by intraperitoneal injection every week. The final tumor volumes (in g) were: control, 0.59±0.05; GEM, 0.32±0.07; MET, 0.42±0.08; GEM+MET, 0.23±0.06. The two groups treated with GEM had significantly reduced tumors compared with control, but there were no differences between control and MET groups. The anti-tumor effect of MET for BxG30 (the cell line for GEM-resistant PDC) was evaluated using the method described above. The final tumor volumes were: control, 0.26±0.05; GEM, 0.21±0.05; MET, 0.15±0.06; GEM+MET, 0.11±0.03. Tumor volumes were decreased significantly in GEM+MET groups compared with control. The treated control ratio (T/C%) was calculated: GEM, 80.2%; MET, 54.0%; GEM+MET, 47.2%. The anti-tumor effect of GEM for BxG30 was limited. The MET group showed satisfactory anti-tumor effects, but T/C% was &amp;lt;50% only in the GEM+MET group. This result revealed that combination therapy had excellent anti-tumor effects even for GEM-resistant PDC. The IC50 was 20.25 mM for GEM and 0.004 µg/mL for MET upon single-drug use. Our results showed that MET has a partial anti-tumor effect for PDC. Combination therapy has an excellent effect not only for wild-type PDC but also for GEM-resistant PDC. These data suggest that MET could be used to treat PDC. Citation Format: Keiichi Suzuki, Osamu Takeuchi, Masayoshi Osaku, Yoshinori Yamada. Combination effect of metformin with gemcitabine for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3122. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3122
S128 The Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway is Locally Upregulated in an Experimental Model of Viral Exacerbation of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: N Smoktunowicz, R Alexander, L Franklin, AE Williams, G Jarai, CJ Scotton, PF Mercer, RC Chambers
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Acute exacerbation (AE) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is defined as an episode of acute respiratory worsening without an identifiable aetiology. Herpes viruses infections have been implicated as a possible cause of AE in IPF. Moreover, herpes viruses have been shown to act as developmental cofactors and exacerbating agents in experimental pulmonary fibrosis. There is growing evidence that the local activation of the coagulation cascade mediates potent profibrotic effects via the activation of proteinase activated receptors (PARs) and thereby contributes to the development of pulmonary fibrosis (Scotton et al, <i>J Clin Invest.</i> 2009, 119). We hypothesised that viral infections promote the local activation of the coagulation cascade and influence the progression of established experimental pulmonary fibrosis. <h3>Methods</h3> C57BL/6 mice were infected with γ-herpesvirus (γHV68) or given saline 14 days after oropharyngeal bleomycin (1mg/kg) instillation. The mRNA and protein levels of coagulation factors in lung tissue homogenates were assessed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Total lung collagen was quantified by assessing lung hydroxyproline levels by HPLC at 7 and 14 days post inoculation (p.i). <h3>Results</h3> Tissue factor (TF) and factor X (FX) mRNA levels were increased in the lungs of bleomycin-γHV68 infected mice at day 7 p.i. compared with bleomycin alone treated animals. This upregulation was associated with increased TF and FX protein immunoreactivity, which was localised to bronchial and hyperplastic alveolar epithelium and appeared to persist at 14 days p.i. Total lung collagen levels were also increased in bleomycin-γHV68 infected animals at 14 days p.i. (p&lt;0.01) compared to bleomycin alone treated mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> γHV68 infection in established pulmonary fibrosis exacerbates the fibrotic response as evidenced by the increased deposition of total lung collagen. This is preceded by an amplification of the local activation of the extrinsic coagulation cascade. A recent clinical trial suggests that systemic anticoagulant therapy (warfarin) increases mortality in IPF (Noth et al, <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med.</i> 2012, 186). The coagulation cascade may therefore play both protective and deleterious roles in pulmonary fibrosis. We propose that future anticoagulant interventions may need to be directed at selectively targeting local profibrotic signalling responses.
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE DETECTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN WOMEN
Authors: Michael P. Cecil, J. Larry Klein, David L. Brown, Ronald H. Underwood, Jeffrey R. Gladden, Alonzo E Kemp, Roy E. Aldridge, William C, Randolph E. Patterson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Cecil, Michael P.; Klein, J. Larry; Brown, David L.; Underwood, Ronald H.; Gladden, Jeffrey R.; Kemp, Alonzo E; Aldridge, Roy E.; C, William Pilcher; Patterson, Randolph E. Author Information
Nebulized Budesonide and Oral Dexamethasone for Treatment of Croup
Authors: Terry P. Klassen, William R. Craig, David Moher, Martin H. Osmond, Hans Pasterkamp, Terry Sutcliffe, Lise K. Watters, Peter C. Rowe
Journal: JAMA (1998)

The effectiveness of glucocorticoids for patients with croup is well established but it remains uncertain which glucocorticoid regimen is most effective.To determine the effectiveness of 3 glucocorticoid regimens in patients with croup.Randomized controlled trial with parallel design.Emergency departments of 2 Canadian pediatric tertiary care hospitals.Children with a clinical syndrome consistent with croup, aged 3 months to 5 years, with a croup score of 2 or greater following at least 15 minutes of mist therapy.Oral dexamethasone, 0.6 mg/kg, and nebulized placebo; oral placebo and nebulized budesonide, 2 mg; or oral dexamethasone, 0.6 mg/kg, and nebulized budesonide, 2 mg.Westley croup score (primary outcome), hospital admission rates, time spent in the emergency department, return visits to the emergency department, or ongoing symptoms at 1 week.The mean change in the croup score from baseline to the final study assessment was -2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], -2.6 to -2.0) in the budesonide group (n = 65), -2.4 (95% CI, -2.6 to -2.2) in the dexamethasone group (n = 69), and -2.4 (95% CI, -2.7 to -2.1) in the budesonide and dexamethasone group (n = 64, P = .70).Based on the similar outcomes in the 3 groups, oral dexamethasone is the preferred intervention because of its ease of administration, lower cost, and more widespread availability.
Urinary Sodium in the Evaluation of Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis
Authors: Daniel C. Batlle, Alisa von Riotte, William Schlueter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

IT has long been held that systemic acidemia provides the proximate stimulus for the kidney to increase urinary acidification in response to metabolic acidosis.1 2 3 4 This view has been challenged by the experimental work of Schwartz and associates,5 6 7 8 9 which suggests that the renal acidification response to acid feeding is determined largely, not by acidemia, but by sodium delivery and sodium avidity in the distal nephron. One important implication of this provocative view is that sodium delivery to the distal nephron must be taken into account in the evaluation of normal and altered urinary acidification. Yet, the only criterion required for the . . .
Interferon-Induced Changes in Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Uptake of 111In-Labeled Antimelanoma Antibody 96.5 in Melanoma Patients
Authors: M. G. Rosenblum, L. M. Lamki, J. L. Murray, D. J. Carlo, J. U. Gutterman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

The type I interferons [both partially purified human leukocyte interferon (HuIFN-α) and recombinant alpha interferon] and the type II interferons have been shown to increase the expression of tumor-associated antigens in vitro. To determine whether HuIFN-α could increase tumor acquisition of the antimelanoma antibody 96.5 in vivo, five patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with HuIFN-α at a dose of 3 × 106 units daily by im administration. Twenty-four hours after the first dose of HuIFN-α, 1 mg of antibody 96.5 labeled with 5 mCi of 111In was coadministered with 19 mg of unlabeled 96.5. Five patients matched for metastatic site and lesion size who had not received HuIFN-α were also given a dose of 5 mCi of radiolabeled 96.5 at the same total antibody dose (20 mg). In patients treated with HuIFN-α, there was a statistically significant increase in the plasma half-life of the 111In label (39.7 ± 3.3 hr) compared to the untreated control group (29.8 ± 3.2 hr). In addition, there was an increase in the apparent volume of distribution of the antibody in the HuIFN-α group (5.56 ± 0.67 L) compared to controls (3.15 ± 0.5 L) suggesting both an increased immediate extravascular distribution of radiolabeled antibody and a decrease in the subsequent rate of clearance of antibody from plasma. These two phenomena result in a 28% decrease in the area under the concentration curve in the HuIFN-α-treated group compared to controls. Computer analysis of whole-body scans from patients showed a threefold increase in radiolabeled antibody distributed to tumor relative to blood pool but no change in organ: blood ratios for liver, spleen, bone, or kidney compared to controls. This pilot study suggests that treatment of patients with HuIFN-α results in an improved distribution of radiolabeled antibody to tumor target without a concomitant increase of label in normal nontarget tissues. In addition, this change in whole-body distribution of antibody is manifested by changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters measured for monoclonal antibody. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80:160–165]
Adrenomedullin as a Novel Antimigration Factor of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Takeshi Horio, Masakazu Kohno, Hiroaki Kano, Miwako Ikeda, Kenichi Yasunari, Koji Yokokawa, Mieko Minami, Tadanao Takeda
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of adrenomedullin, a novel vasorelaxant peptide, on the migration of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) by using the Boyden-chamber method. Fetal calf serum (FCS) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)–BB strongly stimulated SMC migration. Adrenomedullin clearly inhibited SMC migration stimulated with 5% and 10% FCS in a concentration-dependent manner. The migration induced by 10 and 25 ng/mL PDGF-BB was also inhibited by adrenomedullin in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition by adrenomedullin of FCS- and PDGF-induced SMC migration was paralleled by an increase in the cellular level of cAMP. In fact, the percent increase in cAMP level was strongly correlated with the percent decrease in migration activity of SMCs after treatment with adrenomedullin. 8-Bromo cAMP, a cAMP analogue, reproduced the inhibition by adrenomedullin of FCS- and PDGF-induced SMC migration. An activator of adenylate cyclase, forskolin, also reduced FCS- and PDGF-induced SMC migration. These data indicate that adrenomedullin inhibits the migration of SMCs stimulated with FCS and PDGF, probably through a cAMP-dependent process. On the basis of these results and the finding that adrenomedullin is synthesized in and secreted from vascular endothelial cells, adrenomedullin may play a role as a local antimigration factor in some pathophysiological states.
Psychosomatic Medicine and Cybernetics
Authors: Hitoshi Ishikawa
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

In our daily psychosomatic medicine clinics, we have adopted four principles from <i>Wiener</i>'s cybernetics and <i>von</i><i>Bertalanffy</i>'s general system theory. We use the poly-graphic method for the diagnosis of psychosomatic disease (black box principle). For the control of psychosomatic symptoms, we use the biofeedback method (feedback principle). We use systematic desensitization to relieve social stresses which cause psychosomatic disease (open and closed system principle). And lastly, transactional analysis, which corresponds to the information and energy principle.
Turn Off the IDO: Will Clinical Trials Be Successful?
Authors: Sergey V. Novitskiy, Harold L. Moses
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is overexpressed in many human cancers and is believed to play a role in tumor immune evasion, but a requirement for IDO in tumor progression has not been formally shown. The study by Smith and colleagues in this issue of Cancer Discovery provides genetic evidence for the importance of IDO in tumorigenesis, which supports the use of IDO inhibitors in clinical trials in humans.
A Right Wrist Lump
Authors: Paola De Rango, Valentino Pagliuca
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rapid Angiographic Progression of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Angina Pectoris
Authors: Juan Carlos Kaski, Michael R. Chester, Lijia Chen, Demosthenes Katritsis
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Rapid disease progression commonly underlies acute coronary events, and "complex" stenosis morphology may play a role in this phenomenon.We studied the role of complex stenosis morphology in rapid disease progression in 94 consecutive patients awaiting routine coronary angioplasty. Coronary arteriography was repeated at 8 +/- 3 months' follow-up, immediately preceding angioplasty (68 patients) or after an acute coronary event (26 patients). Disease progression of 217 stenoses, of which 79 (36%) were "complex" and 138 (64%) were "smooth," was assessed by computerized angiography. At presentation, 63 patients had stable angina pectoris and 31 had unstable angina that settled rapidly with medical therapy. At follow-up, 23 patients (24%) had progression of preexisting stenoses and 71 (76%) had no progression. Patients with progression were younger (55 +/- 12 years) than those without (58 +/- 9 years) but did not differ with regard to risk factors, previous myocardial infarction, or severity and extent of coronary disease. Twenty-three lesions (11%) progressed, 15 to total occlusion (11 complex and 4 smooth; 65%). Progression occurred in 17 of the 79 complex stenoses (22%) and in 6 of the 138 smooth lesions (4%) (P = .002). Mean stenosis diameter reduction was also significantly greater in complex than in smooth lesions (11.6% versus 3.9% change; P < .001). Acute coronary events occurred in 57% of patients with progression compared with 18% of those without progression (P < .001) and were more frequent in patients who presented with unstable angina (P = .002).Rapid stenosis progression is not uncommon, and complex stenoses are at risk more than smooth lesions.
Transcriptosome and serum cytokine profiling of an atypical case of myelodysplastic syndrome with progression to acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Daruka Mahadevan, Johanna DiMento, Kimiko Della Croce, Christopher Riley, Benjamin George, Deborah Fuchs, Timothy Mathews, Charlton Wilson, Michael Lobell
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract A Native American‐Indian female presenting with anemia and thrombocytosis was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, refractory anemia). Over the course of 5 years she developed cytopenias and periods of leukocytosis with normal bone marrow (BM) blast counts, features of an unclassifiable MDS/MPS syndrome. The patient ultimately progressed to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, FAB M2) and had a normal karyotype throughout her course. The episodes of leukocytosis were associated with infectious complications. Transformation to AML was characterized by a BM blast percentage of 49%. Peripheral blood and BM samples were obtained for serum protein analysis and gene expression profiling (GEP) to elucidate her disease process. An ELISA assay of the serum analyzed ∼80 cytokines, which demonstrated that hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 1 were markedly elevated compared to normal. GEP demonstrated a unique “tumor molecular profile,” which included overexpression of oncogenes (HOXA9, N‐MYC, KOC1), proliferative genes (PAWR, DLG5, AKR1C3), invasion/metastatic genes (FN1, N‐CAM‐1, ITGB5), pro‐angiogenesis genes (c‐Kit), and down regulation of tumor suppressor genes (SUI1, BARD1) and anti‐apoptotic genes (PGLYRP, SERPINB2, MPO). Hence, a biomics approach has provided insight into elucidating disease mechanisms, molecular prognostic factors, and discovery of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.