tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Left Behind
Authors: Crystal Wiley Cené, Darren A. DeWalt
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Estrogenic and DNA-damaging activity of Red No. 3 in human breast cancer cells.
Authors: C Dees, M Askari, S Garrett, K Gehrs, D Henley, C M Ardies
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Exposure to pesticides, dyes, and pollutants that mimic the growth promoting effects of estrogen may cause breast cancer. The pesticide DDT and the food colorant Red No. 3 were found to increase the growth of HTB 133 but not estrogen receptor (ER) negative human breast cells (HTB 125) or rat liver epithelial cells (RLE). Red No. 3, beta-estradiol, and DDT increase ER site-specific DNA binding to the estrogen response element in HTB 133 cells and increase cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Site-specific DNA binding by p53 in RLE, HTB 125, HTB 133, and MCF-7 cells was increased when they were treated with Red No. 3, which suggests that cellular DNA was damaged by this colorant. Red No. 3 increased binding of the ER from MCF-7 cells to the estrogen-responsive element. Consumption of Red No. 3, which has estrogenlike growth stimulatory properties and may be genotoxic, could be a significant risk factor in human breast carcinogenesis.
Fenoldopam and Acute Kidney Injury—Reply
Authors: Tiziana Bove, Giovanni Landoni, Rinaldo Bellomo
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE LYMPHATIC PATHWAY FROM THE NOSE AND PHARYNX
Authors: Joseph M. Yoffey, Eugene R. Sullivan, Cecil K. Drinker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

1. In a number of cats, dogs, monkeys, and in a rabbit, the cervical lymph ducts were cannulated and protein solutions dropped into the nose, and the lymph was examined afterwards for the presence of the protein employed. 2. Egg albumin was found in the lymph in all cases with one exception. Horse serum was never detected. Serum albumin did not come through in the cats, but did in a rabbit. 3. With a 1 per cent solution of T-1824 in horse serum no dye appeared in the lymph. This is regarded as confirming Gregersen and Gibson's (2) view that T-1824 combines with the serum proteins.
Lack of Association Between a Polymorphism of the Aldosterone Synthase Gene and Left Ventricular Structure
Authors: Heribert Schunkert, Christian Hengstenberg, Stephan R. Holmer, Ulrich Broeckel, Andreas Luchner, Michael W. Muscholl, Susanne Kürzinger, Angela Döring, Hans-Werner Hense, Günter A. J. Riegger
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Cardiac growth and function may be modulated in part by trophic effects of neurohormones. Specifically, aldosterone has been shown to stimulate the growth of cardiac myocytes and the accumulation of cardiac extracellular matrix proteins. Moreover, a variant of the aldosterone synthase gene (a cytosine/thymidine exchange at position −344 in the transcriptional regulatory region) has been associated with enlargement and disturbed filling of the left ventricle (LV) in a small sample of young white adults. The aim of the present study was to reinvestigate the implications of aldosterone synthase −344C/T allele status for serum aldosterone levels, blood pressure, and LV structure and function in large population-based samples. Methods and Results —Individuals who participated in the echocardiographic substudy of the third MONICA (MONitoring trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) survey (n=1445) or in the second follow-up of the first MONICA survey (n=562) were studied by standardized anthropometric, echocardiographic, and biochemical measurements as well as genotyping for aldosterone synthase −344C/T allele status. In both surveys, the distribution of sex, age, arterial blood pressure, and body mass index was homogeneous in the aldosterone synthase genotype groups. Echocardiographic LV wall thicknesses, dimensions, and mass indexes were not significantly associated with a specific aldosterone synthase genotype. Likewise, no association was detectable with echocardiographic measures of LV systolic or diastolic function. Data were consistent in both samples and not materially different in subgroups defined by age, sex, or intake of antihypertensive medication. Finally, no significant association was observed for aldosterone synthase allele status and serum aldosterone levels in the group of 562 individuals. Conclusions —The data are not in favor of a significant contribution of the C/T exchange at position −344 in the aldosterone synthase transcriptional regulatory region to the variability of serum aldosterone levels, blood pressure, or cardiac size or function as found in 2 white population-based samples.
Host-derived Interleukin-5 Promotes Adenocarcinoma-induced Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Georgios T. Stathopoulos, Taylor P. Sherrill, Sophia P. Karabela, Kasia Goleniewska, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Charis Roussos, Barbara Fingleton, Fiona E. Yull, R. Stokes Peebles, Timothy S. Blackwell
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: IL-5 is a T helper 2 cytokine important in the trafficking and survival of eosinophils. Because eosinophils can be found in malignant pleural effusions (MPE) from mice and humans, we asked whether IL-5 is involved in the pathogenesis of MPE.Objectives: To determine the role of IL-5 in MPE formation.Methods: The effects of IL-5 on experimental MPE induced in C57BL/6 mice by intrapleural injection of syngeneic lung (Lewis lung cancer [LLC]) or colon (MC38) adenocarcinoma cells were determined using wild-type (il5+/+) and IL-5–deficient (il5−/−) mice, exogenous administration of recombinant mouse (rm) IL-5, and in vivo antibody-mediated neutralization of endogenous IL-5. The direct effects of rmIL-5 on LLC cell proliferation and gene expression in vitro were determined by substrate reduction and microarray.Measurements and Main Results: Eosinophils and IL-5 were present in human and mouse MPE, but the cytokine was not detected in mouse (LLC) or human (A549) lung and mouse colon (MC38) adenocarcinoma-conditioned medium, suggesting production by host cells in MPE. Compared with il5+/+ mice, il5−/− mice showed markedly diminished MPE formation in response to both LLC and MC38 cells. Exogenous IL-5 promoted MPE formation in il5+/+ and il5−/− mice, whereas anti–IL-5 antibody treatment limited experimental MPE in il5+/+ mice. Exogenous IL-5 had no effects on LLC cell proliferation and gene expression; however, IL-5 was found to be responsible for recruitment of eosinophils and tumor-promoting myeloid suppressor cells to MPE in vivo.Conclusions: Host-derived IL-5 promotes experimental MPE and may be involved in the pathogenesis of human MPE.
ENHANCED BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF PHAGOCYTES FROM PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE IN THE PRESENCE OF SULPHISOXAZOLE
Authors: RichardB Johnston, CatherineM Wilfert, RebeccaH Buckley, LawrenceS Webb, LawrenceR Dechatelet, CharlesE Mccall
Journal: The Lancet (1975)
Endemic Pleural Calcification and Mesothelioma
Authors: Michael Huncharek
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In a recent report, Sichletidis et al<sup>1</sup>report a case of mesothelioma in a woman from an area of Greece where pleural calcification was endemic. Although this report presents an intriguing problem, additional information such as personal and family occupational history would have been helpful, since in any case of mesothelioma sources of possible asbestos exposure should be investigated thoroughly. This is because contact with asbestos often goes unrecognized in a variety of occupational and nonoccupational settings. For instance, a series of recent studies from Italy<sup>2,3</sup>reveals the existence of an asbestos hazard among nonasbestos-textile workers. The first of these studies, by Paci et al,<sup>2</sup>reviewed histological specimens from patients with suspected malignant mesothelioma diagnosed between 1979 and 1984 in the Pathology Department of the University of Florence. Of 13 such patients identified, six worked in the textile industry as "rag sorters." None of
Aspects of Ageing: Perspectives on Later Life
Authors: T Arie
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed Peter Kaim-Caudle, Jane Keithley, Audrey Mullender Whiting and Birch, £12.95, pp 184 ISBN 1-87177-58-8

Ed Peter R Day Whiting and Birch, £16.95, pp 178 ISBN 1-871177-44-8

One of these books is subtitled “a celebration,” but aging is, at best, an ambivalent theme. Certainly it is a matter for celebration that most people now (in rich countries) can expect to live to a great age, and that most children can know a full set of grandparents; and that on the whole old people are healthier for longer, and better off materially than they were (though they are still our biggest group of the poor). The darker side of …
The Effect of Prepubertal Diabetes Duration on Diabetes: Microvascular Complications in Early and Late Adolescence
Authors: Kim C Donaghue, Amelia TW Fung, Stephen Hing, Jan Fairchild, Jennifer King, Albert Chan, Neville J Howard, Martin Silink
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To define the significance of prepubertal diabetes duration in the development of diabetic microvascular complications in adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Study A compares complications in 38 prepubertal (PreP) and 140 pubertal (Pub) subjects of the same age (10-14 years) and diabetes duration (3–12 years) to determine if the absence of puberty itself confers a lower risk of complications. Study B examines the importance of prepubertal and pubertal diabetes duration in 193 older adolescents (ages 15–22 years) with prepubertal onset of diabetes. Retinopathy status was assessed using stereoscopic fundus photography of seven fields per eye. Albumin excretion rate (AER) was assessed by three consecutive overnight urine collections, using a polyclonal radioimmunoassay. RESULTS In study A, there were no significant differences between the PreP and Pub groups for retinopathy (27 vs. 29%, P = 0.8) or differences in elevated AER (17 vs. 31%, P = 0.1). In study B, longer prepubertal diabetes duration improved the prediction for retinopathy over postpubertal duration alone (P &amp;lt; 0.0005). No relationship with duration was found for elevated AER (&amp;gt; 7.5, &amp;gt; 15, and &amp;gt; 30 micrograms/min). CONCLUSIONS Prepubertal subjects with diabetes did not have less retinopathy or elevated albumin excretion compared with pubertal subjects of the same age. Prepubertal diabetes duration is significantly related to the presence of retinopathy in adolescents.
Association Between Puberty and Features of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ayako Suzuki, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Joel E. Lavine, Ann O. Scheimann, Aynur Unalp–Arida, Katherine P. Yates, Arun J. Sanyal, Cynthia D. Guy, Anna Mae Diehl
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)
Glutamate Control May Help Combat Age-Related Memory Loss
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perforation of Peptic Ulcer of the Oesophagus into the Pericardial Cavity
Authors: D. D. Gellman, K. Silberstein
Journal: BMJ (1956)

TREATMENT OF BRONCHIAL CARCINOMA >BRff 1413beyond and symptoms urgently require treatment.It has the advantage over radiotherapy that it can be given in any hospital.Unpleasant side-effects of the treatment can be minimized by the use of pentobarbitone sodium and chlorpromazine.I wish to thank Professor L. J. Davis for his helpful advice in the preparation of this paper.
The function of criticism.
Authors: R Gillon
Journal: BMJ (1981)

an essay on "the function of criticism."I think we in medicine can learn something from Arnold, and I have borrowed his title as an excuse to analyse, in this quasiphilosophical John Locke Lecture, the function of criticism in the context of medical education and practice.I shall start with a brief account of what I mean by the words "criticism" and "function." Purpose of criticismIn the broadest sense criticism is evaluation-in the words of the Oxford English Dictionary it is the passing of judgments on the qualities of something.Criticism need not, though it often is, be adverse criticism or fault finding, as the fact that it is perfectly ordinary to speak of adverse criticism indicates.When I speak of the function of criticism I use the term function to mean not just the purpose of criticism but the way in which it fulfils its purpose: function is an active word stem- ming from the Latin verb fungor (I perform), and a function is "the special kind of activity proper to anything"; or "the mode of action by which it fulfils its purpose," again according to the OED.Thus in considering the function of criticism I must consider not only its purpose or purposes but also the mode of action whereby it fulfils such purpose or purposes.I must con- sider, that is, how it works.Matthew Arnold is his classic discussion was writing about literary criticism: but he offers as his "definition" of criticism, "a disinterested endeavour to learn and propagate the best that is known and thought in the world."'I think it is fairly clear that this can serve neither as a definition of criticism, for it does not describe what criticism is, nor as an account of the function of criticism, for it gives no indication of how criticism works.With slight modifications, however, it seems to serve admirably as a unitary account of the purpose of criticism or at least of criticism at its best.Thus we may say, with some sacrifice of Arnoldian
Geographic Analysis of Blood Lead Levels in New York State Children Born 1994–1997
Authors: Valerie B. Haley, Thomas O. Talbot
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

We examined the geographic distribution of the blood lead levels (BLLs) of 677,112 children born between 1994 and 1997 in New York State and screened before 2 years of age. Five percent of the children screened had BLLs higher than the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention action level of 10 microg/dL. Rates were higher in upstate cities than in the New York City area. We modeled the relationship between BLLs and housing and socioeconomic characteristics at the ZIP code level. Older housing stock, a lower proportion of high school graduates, and a higher percentage of births to African-American mothers were the community characteristics most associated with elevated BLLs. Although the prevalence of children with elevated BLLs declined 44% between those born in 1994 and those born in 1997, the rate of improvement may be slowing down. Lead remains an environmental health problem in inner-city neighborhoods, particularly in upstate New York. We identified areas having a high prevalence of children with elevated BLLs. These communities can be targeted for educational and remediation programs. The model locates areas with a higher or lower prevalence of elevated BLLs than expected. These communities can be studied further at the individual level to better characterize the factors that contribute to these differences.
Relationship of Physical Activity vs Body Mass Index With Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Authors: Amy R. Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (2004)

2][3][4] In the 1990s, the prevalence of both obesity and diabetes nearly doubled, demonstrating the significance of each as a major public health issue. 5ata on the interrelationship between BMI and physical activity and the risk of diabetes are limited.7][8] There are few observational studies that directly evaluate the joint relationship between BMI and physical activity with diabetes in a population of healthy women. 9 clearer understanding of the combined effect of BMI and physical activity is needed to stratify patients by risk and in turn target those at highest risk of developing diabetes.Therefore, we investigated the combined relation-ship of BMI and physical activity with diabetes to understand whether increasing physical activity levels reduce the elevated risk of diabetes from obesity.[12] METHODS ParticipantsParticipants were from the Women's Health Study (WHS), an ongoing ran-domized double-blinded clinical trial of low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular
Resuscitation: How Do We Decide?
Authors: Lee S. Glass
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Charlson et al 1 al1 provide an elegant study of treatment decisions in the hospitalized, potentially terminally ill patient. Despite the clarity of the insight they provide and the data they have so carefully presented, I must take exception  at least some of their conclusions. They have suggested that issues of intervention and resuscitation be discussed not  all severely ill or moribund patients but with patients whose hospital course is characterized by a slow, progressive deterioration. That assertion represents a philosophical viewpoint, not one that necessarily follows at all from the data provided.  The authors state that conducting discussions about resuscitation  all of the patients would provoke unnecessary anxiety, a result the authors reasonably seek to avoid. Targeting the identified group, the authors further assert, would meet medicolegal concerns. Most (70%) of the studied patients who died would have participated in such discussions, and
Renal Malposition Secondary to Omphalocele Shown on Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: LEONARD P. CONNOLLY, SUSAN A. CONNOLLY, S. TED TREVES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

CONNOLLY, LEONARD P. M.D.; CONNOLLY, SUSAN A. M.D., AND; TREVES, S. TED M.D. Author Information
Scintigraphic Demonstration of Transplant Perfusion Compromise With Calyceal Reflux
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen, Michael C. Roarke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Nuclear medicine provides a great clinical impact in the assessment and follow-up of kidney transplantation. In addition to the direct evaluation of transplant perfusion and function, indirect scintigraphic features may enhance the detection of potential transplant complications. The authors present a renal scintigraphy showing a large parenchymal perfusion compromise based on transplant caliceal reflux.
Evidence based treatment of hypertension: Measurement of blood presssure: an evidence based review
Authors: F. A McAlister
Journal: BMJ (2001)

This is the first in a series of five articles on the treatment of hypertension 

The reasons for routinely measuring blood pressures in adults are evident. Raised blood pressure is a common condition that does not have specific clinical manifestations until target organ damage develops. It confers a substantial risk of cardiovascular disease (particularly in the presence of concomitant risk factors), much of which is at least partially reversible with treatment. Finally, screening adults to detect hypertension early and initiate treatment before the onset of target organ damage is highly cost effective.1

Accurate measurement is of paramount importance. For example, consistently underestimating the diastolic pressure by 5 mm Hg could result in almost two thirds of hypertensive individuals being denied potentially lifesaving—and certainly morbidity preventing—treatment2; consistently overestimating it by 5 mm Hg could more than double the number of individuals diagnosed as hypertensive (half of whom would be inappropriately labelled and treated).2

#### Summary points

The accurate measurement of blood pressure in clinic settings is of paramount importance

Guidelines for its measurement should be followed, particularly when it is newly detected or the patient has cardiovascular target organ damage, other atherosclerotic risk factors, or is receiving antihypertensive treatment

Evidence regarding factors which distort blood pressure readings and the magnitude of their effect is generally weak, but factors shown in high quality studies to be able to affect readings by more than 5 mm Hg include talking, acute exposure to cold, recent ingestion of alcohol, incorrect arm position, and incorrect cuff size

The white coat effect can raise blood pressure more than 20/10 mm Hg in up to 40% of patients

The benefits and cost effectiveness of self measurement or ambulatory monitoring are still under investigation, but they should be considered for the evaluation of suspected white coat hypertension, apparent …