tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High coffee intake increasesrisk of miscarriage
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Drinking more than five cups of coffee a day during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, according to a large retrospective study. The results showed, however, that moderate consumption of caffeine is unlikely to increase miscarriage.

The researchers, from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, measured …
Detection of human papillomavirus type 56 in Bowen’s disease involving the nail matrix
Authors: A. Shimizu, A. Tamura, M. Abe, S. Motegi, Y. Nagai, O. Ishikawa, Y. Nakatani, Y. Yamamoto, H. Uezato, H. Hoshino
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

As Bowen's disease of the nail apparatus is quite rare, there have been only a few reports on the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in this condition.The purpose of this study was to clarify the association of HPV with this disease involving the nail apparatus.Five patients with Bowen's disease of the nail apparatus were investigated clinically, virologically and histologically. Total DNAs extracted from excised skin lesions were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of HPV DNA and the amplified products were subjected to DNA sequence analyses. Histological localization of HPV DNA was examined by in situ hybridization.In three of five patients, HPV was detected by PCR amplification, and subsequent sequence analyses of the PCR products showed the sequences of HPV type 56. A common clinical feature of the three HPV-positive patients was longitudinal melanonychia. In contrast, the two HPV-negative patients presented with a convex nail deformity and a periungual ulcerative lesion. In two of three positive cases, there was a silent point mutation in the L1 gene of each HPV. In the remaining one case, the nucleotide sequence was consistent with the consensus sequence of HPV 56. Sequence analyses of the E6 gene revealed the infection of different variants of HPV 56 among the three cases. The viral genomes were located in keratinocyte nuclei upon in situ hybridization.HPV 56 may be involved in the carcinogenesis of Bowen's disease affecting the nail matrix with longitudinal pigmentation.
Shall the Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: Harold N. Moyer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long term evolution of adult onset Still's disease seen in an infectious diseases department.
Authors: B Godeau, C Leport, C Perronne, D Salmon-Ceron, J.L Vilde, M.F Kahn
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Allostery, broadly defined as a protein’s functional response to distal perturbations, is fundamental to biological regulation. In classical models, allosteric ligand binding produces a defined set of structural changes in the protein, resulting in a different low-energy conformation. Proteins that undergo ligand-induced allostery with few observable structural changes therefore frustrate interpretations by classical models. Here we used hydrogen-deuterium exchange with mass spectrometry (HDX/MS) to map the allosteric effects in a paradigm ligand-responsive allosteric transcription factor, the <i>lac</i> repressor (LacI). X-ray crystal structures of the core domain of LacI bound to different small molecule ligands, or the DNA operator, show less than 1.5 Å difference in the protein all-atom root-mean-square-deviation (RMSD) between any two structures. Despite this high degree of similarity among static structures, our HDX/MS experiments reveal widespread and unexpected differences in the flexibility of secondary structures in the LacI core domain in each functional state. We propose a model in which ligand binding allosterically switches the functional response of the repressor by selectively changing the dynamics of particular secondary structure elements relative to each other, shifting the conformational ensemble of the protein between mutually incompatible DNA-bound and inducer-bound states. Our model also provides a mechanistic context for the altered functions of thousands of documented LacI mutants. Furthermore, our approach provides a platform for characterizing and engineering allosteric responses in proteins.
Studies on the Mutual Effect of Suboptimal Oral Doses of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>and Folic Acid in Pernicious Anemia
Authors: Edward H. Reisner, Leo Weiner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN APRIL, 1950, Meyer and others1 announced their observations on the successful treatment of pernicious anemia by the daily administration of combined oral doses of 1.67 mg. of folic acid and 25 microgm. of vitamin B12. Since the individual administration of either of these doses was usually ineffective, it was suggested that "folic acid acts like 'intrinsic factor,' since it promotes the utilization of orally administered vitamin B12. ..." Because of known striking differences between the properties of folic acid and those of "intrinsic factor" of gastric juice, we were not satisfied with this explanation, which . . .
995 VASCULAR ADHESION PROTEIN-1 (VAP-1): A KEY PLAYER IN THE MODULATION OF HEPATIC FIBROSIS
Authors: C.J. Weston, E.L. Haughton, N.M. Westerlund, L.C. Claridge, J. Pravin, D.J. Smith, D.H. Adams
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Drugs Five Years Later: Acyclovir
Authors: DAVID I. DORSKY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

In the 5 years since its release for clinical use, acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl] guanine) has proved to be a safe and effective agent for therapy of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster infections. The drug's availability in topical, oral, and intravenous preparations has allowed its use in a range of clinical situations. Acyclovir must be phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase in infected cells, where it then acts to inhibit viral DNA replication specifically. Epstein-Barr virus and human cytomegalovirus infections do not seem to respond to acyclovir therapy, although in-vitro effects on these viruses may be seen. Acyclovir is well absorbed and distributed, with cerebrospinal fluid levels 50% that of plasma. Clearance is almost entirely by the renal route, with a half-life of 20 hours in the anuric patient. Acyclovir has an excellent safety profile, its major adverse effect being transient serum creatinine elevations during high-dose intravenous use. Major uses include treatment of primary and recurrent genital herpes and herpes encephalitis and prophyllaxis and therapy of mucocutaneous herpes and varicella-zoster infections in immunocompromised patients. Resistance to acyclovir in herpes simplex virus is rarely encountered and does not seem to be due to long-term chronic suppressive therapy.
Survival Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Reply
Authors: Daniel J. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  We checked our cohort of 29 male patients with nephritis. Two of them became uremic and died before the availability of dialysis in the early 1960s. Two male patients became uremic and underwent dialysis therapy. Of interest is one patient who received dialysis in 1970 and received a renal transplant in 1972. The patient had a transplant rejection in 1978, and evidence of lupus was found in the rejected kidney. Thus, 13% of our male patients with nephritis had development of renal failure.
Abstract 4695: Role of KITENIN in malignant gliomas in relation to tumor invasiveness
Authors: Kyung-Hwa Lee, Kyung-Sub Moon, Eun-Jeong Ahn, Se-Jeong Oh, Sang-Hee Cho, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Shin Jung, Kyung Keun Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN) has been reported to promote tumor invasion and metastasis in various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of KITENIN on biological behaviors in human gliomas and in mouse glioma models. Methods: KITENIN expression was examined using western blot, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry on human samples. KITENIN expression rate was compared in each histological grade, and survival rates were analyzed. Tumor invasiveness was investigated both in vitro and in vivo using stable cell lines after KITENIN-overexpression (GL261) and knock down (U251). Results: Expression of KITENIN tended to be stronger in high-grade gliomas than in low-grade gliomas by western blot &amp; qRT-PCR on frozen human tumor samples and by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissues as well. Proportions of strong KITENIN expression were 16.7%, 21.4%, 33.3%, and 56.8%, respectively, from grade I through IV (p=0.001). However, survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method did not reveal statistically significant difference between the high KITENIN expression group and the low expression group in terms of overall survival and progression free survival (p=0.55 and 0.807, respectively). In vitro assays revealed that genetic modulation of KITENIN was significantly related with tumor cell invasion &amp; migration. Up-regulated KITENIN expression significantly affected the survival rate possibly due to increased invasiveness in orthotopic mouse glioma models. Conclusion: Strong KITENIN expression was more likely to be observed in high-grade gliomas and its up-regulation was associated with increased invasiveness supported by shorter survival rates in orthotopic mouse glioma models. Citation Format: Kyung-Hwa Lee, Kyung-Sub Moon, Eun-Jeong Ahn, Se-Jeong Oh, Sang-Hee Cho, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Shin Jung, Kyung Keun Kim. Role of KITENIN in malignant gliomas in relation to tumor invasiveness. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4695. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4695
COMPARATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS FOLLOWING ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY USING RAW 60 CYCLE ALTERNATING AND UNIDIRECTIONAL FLUCTUATING CURRENT
Authors: L. D. PROCTOR, J. E. GOODWIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1943)

Electroencephalographic observations have been made on 30 patients, 15 of whom received convulsions by means of raw a. c., 15 by means of unidirectional fluctuating current; and it is suggested that there is a significant increase in the occurrence of slow wave formations in that group receiving raw a. c. when compared to the group receiving unidirectional fluctuating current. Five of the 30 cases have been found to show clinical abnormalities coinciding with electroencephalographic abnormalities and it is suggested that there is a relationship between these two phenomena. There is a possibility that cerebral dysrhythmia is more easily brought about following electroshock therapy in those patients who do not recover to the point of being well enough for discharge from a mental institution. The above findings are submitted as a preliminary report and the authors do not intend to infer that the series of patients observed is large enough to do more than suggest the relationships discussed in this paper. In addition to the patients treated in the research unit of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital, the above series included patients from the Neuro-psychiatric Clinic of the Toronto Western Hospital by permission of Dr. H. K. Detweiler, physician-in-chief. The unidirectional electroshock unit is the property of the Toronto Western Hospital.
ANGUILLULA ACETI (VINEGAR EEL) IN THE URINE.
Authors: L. NAPOLEON BOSTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

It is certainly uncommon for the<i>Anguillula aceti</i>to enter the human bladder, yet there is at present sufficient evidence to show that such infection may occur. Stiles and Frankland<sup>1</sup>report the case of a young female in whose urine great numbers of the<i>Anguillula aceti</i>were found. These writers obtained the urine by catheterization and in this way proved conclusively that the<i>A. aceti</i>came from the bladder. Stiles has given rules for the determination of this nematode, but since the vinegar eel can be readily obtained from cider vinegar for comparative study I have omitted its zoologic characteristics. In 1902 Billings and Miller<sup>2</sup>reported their findings of the<i>A. aceti</i>in the urine from two patients; one a young female, and in the other the sex is not mentioned. These writers do not state that they obtained the urine by catheterization, which permits of a possible
Clinical Lecture on the Common Diseases of the Breast
Authors: C. Heath
Journal: BMJ (1889)

TO-DAY I will speak of the common diseases of the breast.Some of them you may see here in the wards of the hospital, and others you will have opportunities of seeing, I have no doubt, in the outpatient departments, and you may also meet with them in private practice.First, let me say a word with regard to atrophy of the breast.You will, of course, find different individuals with their breasts differently developed; for in some families there is hardly any development of the mammary region, while in others you find that all the girls are full-breasted.The practical surgical point is
Increased Adenosine A1 Receptor Levels in Hemianopia Patients After Cerebral Injury
Authors: Yukihisa Suzuki, Tadashi Nariai, Motohiro Kiyosawa, Manabu Mochizuki, Yuichi Kimura, Keiichi Oda, Kenji Ishii, Kiich Ishiwata
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Purpose The aim of this study was to apply positron emission tomography (PET) with 11C-8-dicyclopropylmethyl-1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (MPDX), a radioligand for adenosine A1 receptor (A1R), to patients with hemianopia caused by brain injury to study neurorepair mechanisms in the brain. Patients and Methods Four patients with homonymous hemianopia and 15 healthy subjects were examined using PET to measure cerebral glucose metabolism, 11C-flumazenil (FMZ) binding to the central benzodiazepine receptor, and MPDX binding to A1R. Left and right regions of interest (ROIs) were selected, and semiquantitative data on the 3 kinds of PET examinations were obtained. The ROIs were referenced using the data for homologous regions in the contralateral hemisphere [ipsilateral/contralateral (I/C) ratio]. Results The I/C ratios for cerebral glucose metabolism and FMZ binding were low in the primary visual cortex (PVC) and visual association cortex in all the patients, whereas MPDX binding increased in the PVC in patients 1 and 2. Patients 1 and 2 experienced improvement in their visual field after 1 year. However, the other 2 patients showed no changes. We observed an increase in MPDX binding to A1R in the injured portion of the PVC in the patients who recovered. Conclusions Evaluation of A1R by MPDX-PET may be useful for predicting prognosis and understanding the compensatory and reorganization processes in hemianopia caused by organic brain damage.
Congenital enterocyte heparan sulphate deficiency with massive albumin loss, secretory diarrhoea, and malnutrition
Authors: S.H. Murch, D. Phillips, J.A. Walker-Smith, P.J.D. Winyard, N. Meadows, S. Koletzko, B. Wehner, H.A. Cheema, R.A. Risdon, J. Klein
Journal: The Lancet (1996)
Effect of Bubble Bath on Urinary Tract
Authors: Sumner Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A 21/2-year-old boy experienced sudden onset of urinary frequency, urgency, and marked terminal dysuria. There was no history of trauma and no evidence of infection. Physical examination was unremarkable except for minimal erythema at the urethral meatus. Urinalysis revealed three to four white blood cells per high power field, but no bacteria. Three days after use of bubble bath preparation was discontinued, dysuria completely disappeared. A dose of the substance added to the bath water one week later caused recurrence of symptoms within 12 hours. Because of its structure, the female urethra lends itself well to such problems (a series of 116 similar cases was reported in 1955,<sup>1</sup>all involving little girls), but the literature has been devoid of such findings in little boys. Advertising media have only of late intimated that males, too, can enjoy a bubble bath. In the last month two additional
Stem cells act through multiple mechanisms to benefit mice with neurodegenerative metabolic disease
Authors: Jean Pyo Lee, Mylvaganam Jeyakumar, Rodolfo Gonzalez, Hiroto Takahashi, Pei Jen Lee, Rena C. Baek, Dan Clark, Heather Rose, Gerald Fu, Jonathan Clarke, Scott McKercher, Jennifer Meerloo, Franz Josef Muller, Kook In Park, Terry D. Butters, Raymond A. Dwek, Philip Schwartz, Gang Tong, David Wenger, Stuart A. Lipton, Thomas N. Seyfried, Frances M. Platt, Evan Y. Snyder
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
THE CHEMICAL AND ANTIVIRAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOMATIC ANTIGEN OF PHASE II SHIGELLA SONNEI
Authors: Margeris A. Jesaitis, Walther F. Goebel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

1. The somatic antigen of Phase II Shigella sonnei can be isolated by extracting phenol-killed microorganisms with water. This substance inactivates all T phages to which this bacillus is susceptible. 2. The Phase II antigen is constituted from a protein and a phosphorylated lipocarbohydrate. The major portion of the protein component can be removed by digestion with pancreatin. The enzymatically degraded antigen thus obtained can be further dissociated into its protein and lipocarbohydrate components by treatment with 90 per cent phenol. Glucose, galactose, glucosamine, and an aldoheptose have been identified as the monosaccharide constituents of the lipocarbohydrate.
Respiratory Function in Survivors of the United Kingdom Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Trial
Authors: CAROLINE BEARDSMORE, ISOBEL DUNDAS, KERRY POOLE, KATIE ENOCK, JANET STOCKS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) improves survival in mature neonates with reversible lung disease. However, ECMO could result in survival of infants with severe respiratory dysfunction who would otherwise have died. Alternatively, infants receiving ECMO might be spared prolonged ventilation and consequent barotrauma, resulting in improved respiratory function. Our aim was to compare respiratory function at 1 yr of age in infants assigned to receive either ECMO or conventional management (CM). Seventy-eight surviving infants of the United Kingdom (UK) ECMO trial (51 in the ECMO group) were studied at 1 yr of age. Questionnaires provided details of respiratory symptoms, and laboratory measurements of respiratory function were made for respiratory rate, tidal volume, lung volume, airway conductance, specific airway conductance, and maximal expiratory flow at FRC (V˙max FRC). Data were exchanged on floppy disk for cross-analysis and to ensure that investigators were blinded to the status of the infants. There was a wide spectrum of respiratory function, from normal to markedly abnormal. There were few differences between the groups, but in the CM group lung volume was increased (95% confidence intervals [CIs] of the difference in ECMO versus CM subjects: − 67; − 4 ml), and inspiratory specific conductance was lower (95% CI: 0.03; 0.98 s− 1 · kPa− 1). There was a trend toward a lower V˙ maxFRC (95% CI: − 2; 67 ml/s− 1 in the CM group. In addition to providing a survival advantage, ECMO did not worsen lung function in infants assigned to receive it. Indeed, their lung function appeared slightly better than that of infants treated conventionally.
588 Measurement of human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the blood is useful for predicting the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma from chronic hepatitis C
Authors: M MORIYAMA, H MATSUMURA, H AOKI, Y ARAKAWA
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Euclidean norm calculations arise frequently in scientific and engineering applications. Several approximations for this norm with differing complexity and accuracy have been proposed in the literature. Earlier approaches [1], [2], [3] were based on minimizing the maximum error. Recently, Seol and Cheun [4] proposed an approximation based on minimizing the average error. In this paper, we first examine these approximations in detail, show that they fit into a single mathematical formulation, and compare their average and maximum errors. We then show that the maximum errors given by Seol and Cheun are significantly optimistic.
THE INFLUENCE OF EDEMA ON THE CAPACITY OF BLOOD PLASMA TO MODIFY FLUID IMBIBITION BY MUSCLE
Authors: Edward Lyon Compere
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1927)

6.1 -0.88 10.0 15.0 IVA.-1.7 10.6 15.4 21.0 IVB.-2.8 8.86 14.7 16.9 Chart II Plasma normal blood V A ............. -4.9 -1.9 5.0 VI A... -2.8 2.3 2.2 7.4 8.1 VI B... -3.3 -1.2 -0.9 7.4 9.0 Cardiac.Edema V B .....
Varicella-Zoster Infections in Pregnancy
Authors: Philip A. Brunell
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Ten pregnant women with varicella and one pregnant woman with herpes zoster were studied. Only one of these women had a complicated course characterized by nephritis and hepatitis and the birth of a stillborn infant. One other woman who had vaginal bleeding for a month prior to the onset of varicella aborted two weeks after recovery from varicella. Seven women who were observed to term delivered normal, full-term infants. Large doses of γ-globulin which were given to four infants whose mothers had varicella within a week prior to delivery failed to produce a detectable rise in serum varicella-zoster (V-Z) antibodies. Three of these infants who were born without V-Z serum antibody got neonatal varicella. All recovered uneventfully.
Urinary Lactic Dehydrogenase Activity
Authors: Lionel E. Dorfman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and one or more substances that inhibit its activity are constantly present in human urine. Dialysis removes the inhibitor or inhibitors and makes it possible to define the normal range of LDH activities (550 to 2,050 units per 8-hr volume of urine determined at 25 C [77 F]). Small but significant elevations may therefore be detected. Simultaneous determinations of LDH activity in urine and serum, of blood urea nitrogen, of total urinary protein, and of other urinary constituents were carried out on 50 patients. Increased LDH activities in the serum were not accompanied by commensurate increases in the urine. LDH activities in the urine had no detectable relation to the concentrations of other urinary constituents and were not affected by the presence of hematuria. High LDH activities in the urine appeared to be related only to disease of the urinary tract, particularly renal and vesical carcinoma.