tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of the infant stool color card screening program on 5-year outcome of biliary atresia in taiwan
Authors: Tien-Hau Lien, Mei-Hwei Chang, Jia-Feng Wu, Huey-Ling Chen, Hung-Chang Lee, An-Chyi Chen, Mao-Meng Tiao, Tzee-Chung Wu, Yao-Jong Yang, Chieh-Chung Lin, Ming-Wei Lai, Hong-Yuan Hsu, Yen-Hsuan Ni
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

In Taiwan, a screening system using an infant stool color card to promote the early diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) was established in 2002. This study aimed to investigate the 5-year outcome of BA before and after using the screening program. BA patients were divided into three cohorts according to their birth dates. The patients in cohort A (n = 89) were born before the stool card screening program (1990-2000); those in cohort B (n = 28) were screened by the stool card regional screening program (2002-2003); and those in cohort C (n = 74) were screened by the stool card universal screening program (2004-2005). The relative odds ratios were computed using logistic regression to compare the different factors affecting survival time. The rate of age at Kasai operation &lt;60 days was 49.4% and 65.7% in cohorts A and B+C, respectively ( P = 0.02). The jaundice-free (total serum bilirubin &lt;2.0 mg/dL) rate 3 months after surgery was 34.8% and 60.8% in cohorts A and B+C, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001). The 3-year jaundice-free survival rate with native liver was 31.5% in cohort A and 56.9% in cohort B+C ( P &lt; 0.001), whereas the 3-year overall survival rates were 64.0% and 89.2%, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001). The 5-year jaundice-free survival rate with native liver was 27.3% in cohort A and 64.3% in cohort B ( P &lt; 0.001), and the 5-year overall survival rates were 55.7% and 89.3%, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The stool color card screening program for BA allows for earlier Kasai operation, which increases the jaundice-free rate at 3 months postsurgery. With higher surgical success rates, the 3- and 5-year outcome of BA patients in Taiwan improves remarkably. (Hepatology 2011.)
Respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia.
Authors: P. Collard, L. Freitag, M. S. Reynaert, D. O. Rodenstein, C. Francis
Journal: Thorax (1996)

A case is described of tracheobronchomegaly progressing to extensive tracheomalacia, complicated by episodic choking, recurrent pulmonary infections, and irreversible hypercapnic respiratory failure. A Y-shaped tracheobronchial stent was placed endoscopically to splint the trachea open, with excellent clinical and physiological improvement. New stent designs may provide long term palliation in selected cases of diffuse tracheal collapse or stenosis, and offer an alternative to surgical repair.
Comparison of acid secretory responsiveness to gastrin heptadecapeptide and of gastrin heptadecapeptide pharmacokinetics in duodenal ulcer patients and normal subjects.
Authors: A J Blair, C T Richardson, M Vasko, J H Walsh, M Feldman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Serum gastrin concentrations and gastric acid secretion were measured during intravenous infusion of gastrin heptadecapeptide (G-17) (0, 7, 22.1, 70, 221, and 700 pmol/kg X h) in 15 duodenal ulcer patients and 15 healthy controls. Ulcer patients developed higher serum gastrin concentrations during G-17 infusion due to nearly twofold slower clearance of gastrin (8.8 vs. 15.7 ml/kg X min; P less than 0.01). Despite slower clearance of G-17, ulcer patients had plasma elimination half-times for G-17 similar to controls (6.0 vs. 6.1 min, respectively). Thus, calculated volume of distribution for G-17 was lower in ulcer patients than controls (78.5 vs. 140.7 ml/kg; P less than 0.025). For any serum gastrin during gastrin-17 infusion, acid secretion (millimoles per hour) was higher in ulcer patients than in controls. However, when acid secretion was expressed as a percentage of peak acid output to G-17 (to correct for differences in parietal cell mass), curves relating acid secretion to serum gastrin were identical in ulcer patients and controls.
798 CELL CULTURE REPLICATION OF A GENOTYPE 1B HEPATITIS C VIRUS ISOLATE CLONED FROM A PATIENT WHO UNDERWENT LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: G. Koutsoudakis, S. Perez-del-Pulgar, M. Coto-Llerena, P. Gonzalez, J. Dragun, L. Mensa, G. Crespo, M. Navasa, X. Forns
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Free radical activity of industrial fibers: role of iron in oxidative stress and activation of transcription factors.
Authors: P S Gilmour, D M Brown, P H Beswick, W MacNee, I Rahman, K Donaldson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

We studied asbestos, vitreous fiber (MMVF10), and refractory ceramic fiber (RCF1) from the Thermal Insulation Manufacturers' Association fiber repository regarding the following: free radical damage to plasmid DNA, iron release, ability to deplete glutathione (GSH), and activate redox-sensitive transcription factors in macrophages. Asbestos had much more free radical activity than any of the man-made vitreous fibers. More Fe3+ was released than Fe2+ and more of both was released at pH 4.5 than at pH 7.2. Release of iron from the different fibers was generally not a good correlate of ability to cause free radical injury to the plasmid DNA. All fiber types caused some degree of oxidative stress, as revealed by depletion of intracellular GSH. Amosite asbestos upregulated nuclear binding of activator protein 1 transcription factor to a greater level than MMVF10 and RCF1; long-fiber amosite was the only fiber to enhance activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B). The use of cysteine methyl ester and buthionine sulfoximine to modulate GSH suggested that GSH homeostasis was important in leading to activation of transcription factors. We conclude that the intrinsic free radical activity is the major determinant of transcription factor activation and therefore gene expression in alveolar macrophages. Although this was not related to iron release or ability to deplete macrophage GSH at 4 hr, GSH does play a role in activation of NF kappa B.
Brivanib, a Dual FGF/VEGF Inhibitor, Is Active Both First and Second Line against Mouse Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Developing Adaptive/Evasive Resistance to VEGF Inhibition
Authors: Elizabeth Allen, Ian B. Walters, Douglas Hanahan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Preclinical trials of a mouse model of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) were conducted to determine whether dual FGF/VEGF pathway inhibition with brivanib can improve first-line efficacy in comparison with VEGF inhibitors lacking fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-inhibitory activity and to characterize second-line brivanib activity before and after the onset of evasive resistance to VEGF-selective therapy.
Findings of Pulmonary Amyloidosis on Dual Phase FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Haibo Tan, Yihui Guan, Jun Zhao, Xiangtong Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 50-year-old asymptomatic woman underwent dual phase FDG PET/CT to evaluate bilateral lung masses which were seen on routine chest radiographs. The PET/CT images at 1 hour during the early phase showed increased FDG activity in the lung masses, which initially were suggestive of malignant lesions. However, in the 2 hour delayed phase of the images, the metabolic activity of the lesions decreased compared with the earlier phase, which indicated that the lesions were more likely to have a benign etiology. The subsequent biopsy demonstrated that the lung masses were pulmonary amyloid lesions.
Effects of Sorbinil Treatment on Erythrocytes and Platelets of Persons with Diabetes
Authors: C N Martyn, D M Matthews, C Popp-Snijders, J Tucker, D J Ewing, B F Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

Thirty-three diabetic subjects were given the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil (Pfizer, UK) for 3 wk. There was a significant fall in mean erythrocyte sorbitol concentration over this period. In all subjects erythrocyte sorbitol concentrations after treatment were within or below the range found in normal subjects. No changes in erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) or myo-inositol concentrations, plasma beta-thromboglobulin (β-TG) concentration, or P50—a measure of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin—were observed. There was a high incidence of adverse reactions to the drug.
RESTRICTION OF MARRIAGE FOR THE PREVENTION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES.
Authors: ALBERT H. BURR
Journal: JAMA (1900)

ABSTRACT Next to the instinct of self-preservation the most powerful and all-prevailing law of animate creation is the sexual impulse, having for its fundamental object the perpetuation of generic life. In its natural operation it promulgates physical perfection through the laws of natural selection and the survival of the fittest. These great and beneficent laws bring to the front the most virile in physical strength and prowess to be the progenitors of the species. They have preserved all animal life, in its normal surroundings, in the beauty of perfection in form, development and adaptation to environments. Man himself, the intellectual, reasoning, talking animal, forms the one exception. Among all other animals the type of physical perfection is the common rule. Among civilized nations of mankind it is the rare exception. Man is the only animal who permits the deformed, the degenerate, the diseased of body and mind to perpetuate his anomalies
Both macrophages and endothelial cells of the human hepatic sinusoid express the CD4 molecule, a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Jean-Yves Scoazec, Gérard Feldmann
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Hepatic sinusoidal lesions, including peliosis hepatis and sinusoidal dilatation, are frequently observed during human immunodeficiency virus infection. It has been proposed that human immunodeficiency virus itself plays a role in their pathogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we attempted to determine whether liver sinusoidal cells express the CD4 molecule, which behaves as a membrane receptor mediating the binding of human immunodeficiency virus to its target cells. For this purpose, three monoclonal antibodies-OKT4, OKT4a and anti-Leu3a + 3b, binding to different epitopes of the CD4 molecule-were used. All antibodies tested had the same tissue reactivity. On light microscopy, they reacted with most sinusoidal macrophages and in addition gave a continuous labeling of the sinusoidal lining suggestive of endothelial cell reactivity. On ultrastructural examination, the plasma membranes of both sinusoidal macrophages and endothelial cells were labeled. The reactive antigen was characterized by immunoblotting of liver homogenates. A unique band was detected, corresponding to an antigen with an apparent molecular weight of 54,000 Da, comparable to that reported for the CD4 molecule expressed on lymphocytes and monocytes. Therefore combination of structural and immunochemical data makes it possible to assess that both endothelial cells and macrophages of the hepatic sinusoid express the CD4 molecule. Consequently, both cell types constitute putative targets for human immunodeficiency virus and/or human immunodeficiency virus-related lesions. They may be involved in the pathogenesis of liver sinusoidal lesions observed in human immunodeficiency virus infection and may constitute an unsuspected reservoir of the virus.
The Challenge of Creating an Evidence-Based Guideline for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Michael R. DeBaun
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lead Encephalopathy in Children
Authors: Joseph Greengard, William Rowley, Harry Elam, Meyer Perlstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

LEAD poisoning remains a major problem in some of the large cities of America. In Chicago a large number of cases occurred during 1959, and the experience in 1960 is very similar as far as actual number of cases in children is concerned. Most of these came from the slum areas of the city and were poisoned as a result of eating plaster and flakes of paint in run-down buildings. Because of the socioeconomic group involved, the majority of these children were admitted to the Cook County Children's Hospital. This report deals with specific observations on the intravenous use of . . .
SOME EXCEPTIONS TO "THE GOLDEN RULES" OF OBSTETRICS.
Authors: T. RIDGWAY BARKER
Journal: JAMA (1892)

In presenting this paper it is not the intention of the author to attempt to undermine the "golden rules" of the obstetric art, but rather to call attention to the exceptions and limitations which hedge them in and which, unless borne in mind, are certain to result disastrously to both patient and physician. Theory, 'tis well said, may be likened to the chaff which is blown hither and thither by every passing breeze, while practice is the golden grain that springs into life wherever it falls. Yet, let us not discard as worthless these husks, for they serve a good purpose in protecting the unripe fruit stored up within them, and besides are useful in feeding the flame of scientific research. The one rule upon which, perhaps, more stress has been laid in the department of obstetrics than any other is: "In cases of labor attended with severe hæmorrhage during
Clinical Cancer of the Prostate
Authors: Rubin H. Flocks
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A study of 4,009 patients with clinical cancer seen during the period from 1926 to Jan 1, 1963, reemphasizes the importance of frequent, routine rectal examinations, with biopsy of suspicious areas in the assessment of the patient and early diagnosis. Over 80% of the 4,009 had symptoms of urinary-tract obstruction before the diagnosis was made. Bone-marrow aspiration is very helpful in the assessment of the total situation in the individual patient. From the point of view of therapy, irradiation therapy—particularly interstitial irradiation— when combined with surgery, was very useful in ablating the local lesion. It was associated with a 40% improvement in the five-year survival rate. It is extremely important to particularize the care of each patient and to use the various modalities available for therapy.
Chief medical officer confirms key health workers will be vaccinated against smallpox
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Key health professionals in England will be vaccinated against smallpox as part of the United Kingdom's first line of defence against deliberate release of the pathogen, the chief medical officer said last week.

Professor Liam Donaldson explained that the Department of Health was carrying out intensive planning for the possibility of a bioterrorist attack, although he pointed out that there was no evidence of a specific threat. He outlined the strategy during an interview with the BBC: “Our primary strategy on smallpox is …
Pathogenesis of Experimental Hypertension Produced by Carotid Sinus Area Constriction in Dogs
Authors: EARLE E. CRANDALL, H. L. MCCROREY, E. J. SUKOWSKI, GEORGE E. WAKERLIN, L. Graham, B. Keith, R. Speer
Journal: Circulation Research (1957)

Bilateral constriction of the carotid sinus area, the immediate arterial branches of the sinus, or (perhaps) the vertebral arteries, and bilateral resection of the carotid sinus produces a significant, persistent hypertension in dogs, the highest levels occurring in the carotid sinus area constricted dogs. Pathogenesis is still unsettled.
Asymptomatic Salmonella enteritidis Bacterial Ascites
Authors: Rohit Malikf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1988Asymptomatic Salmonella enteritidis Bacterial AscitesRohit Malikf, MD, Usha Kamath, MD, Hulya Levendoglu, MDRohit Malikf, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Usha Kamath, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Hulya Levendoglu, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-3-253_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Bacterial infection of ascitic fluid in patients with cirrhosis is well known. We report a case of asymptomatic Salmonella enteridis bacterial ascites. Our patient had no biochemical or cellular evidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis of ascitic fluid, but a routine culture of ascites grew Salmonella enteritidis (group D).A 48-year-old chronic alcoholic man had increasing abdominal distension and swelling of the feet in association with mental confusion and forgetfulness. The patient denied having a fever, but he had a progressive loss of appetite and weight. He was emaciated and icteric. His temperature was 36.3 °C. He had...References1. Correia J and Conn H. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. Med Clin North Am. 1975;59:963-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2 Hoefs J, Canawati H, Sapico F, Hopkins R, Weiner J, and Montgomerie J. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Hepatology. 1982;2:399-407. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Bar-Meir S, Lerner E, and Conn H. Analysis of ascitic fluid in cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci. 1979;24:136-44. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Kline M, McCallum R, and Guth P. The clinical value of ascitic fluid culture and leukocyte count studies in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:408-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Pinzello G, Simonetti R, Craxi A, Di Piazza S, Spano C, and Pagliaro L. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a prospective investigation in predominantly nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients. Hepatology. 1983;3:545-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Rohit Malikf, MD; Usha Kamath, MD; Hulya Levendoglu, MDAffiliations: Cook County Hospital Chicago, IL 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySpontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Secondary to Salmonella spp. in a Patient With Decompensated Liver CirrhosisSpontaneous non-typhoidalSalmonella peritonitis in patients with serious underlying disordersSalmonella Enteritidis Causing Capd Peritonitis 1 August 1988Volume 109, Issue 3Page: 253-254KeywordsAlcoholicsAscitesCirrhosisFeversInflammationSalmonellaSalmonella enteritidisSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity in regulation of tissue and plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine in an animal model of prolonged critical illness
Authors: Mariska Davids, Milan C. Richir, Marlieke Visser, Björn Ellger, Greet van den Berghe, Paul A.M. van Leeuwen, Tom Teerlink
Journal: Metabolism (2011)
Excluded urologist brings whistleblowing case against employer
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A consultant urologist who was excluded from the hospital where he worked after accusing the management of endangering patients by cost cutting has brought a compensation claim against his employers under legislation protecting whistleblowers.

Ramon Niekrash had raised concerns about the health and safety of patients at Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Woolwich, south London, “like a broken record” from 2005, he told an employment tribunal in Croydon. But he was treated like a trouble maker and subjected to bullying and harassment, he said.

Mr Niekrash claims that the vast majority of his letters went unheeded, which led him …
Repolarization reserve, arrhythmia and new drug development
Authors: Yang Li, Yicheng Fu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

Repolarization-related lethal arrhythmias have led to the concept of "repolarization reserve", which may help elucidate the relationship between K+ currents and other components of repolarization. Pharmacological manipulation as well as congenital and cardiac disease may affect repolarization and alter the repolarization reserve, leading to the development of arrhythmias. Pharmacological enhancement of outward currents or suppression of inward currents has been shown to be of therapeutic value. A number of newly found selective ion channel inhibitors or agonists have been investigated for their ability to enhance repolarization reserve and decrease the incidence of arrhythmia. In this paper we review the development, potential mechanisms, clinical application, and pharmacological significance of repolarization reserve in order to better understand, predict and prevent unexplained adverse cardiac events.
Abstract 12010: Role of T-cells in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Ulrich Hofmann, Denise Mathes, Christina Pachel, Benjamin Vogel, Johannes Weirather, Georg Ertl, Stefan Frantz
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Leukocytes, especially neutrophils, contribute to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. We could recently demonstrate that myocardial wound healing is facilitated by CD4+ T-cells. We therefore studied the role of T-cells during ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium. Methods and Results: Leukocyte infiltration was determined by FACS analysis and immunohistology after experimental ischemia-reperfusion in mice. Significantly more CD3+ T-cells infiltrated the mouse myocardium after 30 minutes of ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion in comparison to sham operated mice. CD4+ T-cells (47%) and CD8+ T-cells (30%) were the predominant T-cell subsets among all CD45+CD3+ leukocytes recruited to the myocardium during reperfusion. NK T-cells and γδ T-cells could also be detected in reperfused myocardium. Evans Blue/ TTC-staining demonstrated that CD4 KO (which lack CD4+ T-cells), OTII T-cell receptor transgenic mice (which have a high specificity for ovalbumin derived peptides) but not CD8 KO (which lac...
1169 Case-control study of lamivudine treatment in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: S FUJIOKA
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

To investigate lamivudine (LAM)-resistance profiles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) at the early stages of virological breakthrough (serum HBV-DNA 12–345 IU/ml) or when HBV-DNA is undetectable.Sixty-four HBV-mono-infected patients were enrolled: 25 had virological breakthrough with serum HBV-DNA ranging from 12 to 345 IU/ml during first-line LAM-monotherapy; 24 were on LAM-monotherapy, and 15 were on LAM + adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) with undetectable serum HBV-DNA (<12 IU/ml).HBV-reverse transcriptase was successfully sequenced in 22 (88.0%) LAM-treated patients with HBV-DNA between 12 and 345 IU/ml, and in 12 (30.8%) patients receiving LAM (±ADV) with HBV-DNA < 12 IU/ml.Drug-resistance mutations were observed in 17 (77.2%) LAM-treated patients with virological breakthrough: 8 M204V, 7 M204I, 1 M204I/V, and 1 A181T. One or ≥2 compensatory mutations were found in 10 (58.8%) and in 4 (23.5%) patients.Drug-resistance mutations were present also in patients with undetectable serum HBV-DNA: M204I was detected in 2 patients receiving LAM-monotherapy, and V84M in 1 patient receiving LAM + ADV.Overall findings support the existence of drug-resistance mutations even at very low levels of viral replication. The persistence of low-level HBV replication and consequent drug-resistance emergence should be considered when choosing therapeutic strategies.