tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathologist failed to ask crucial questions over girl's death
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The body of a 5 year old girl who was subjected to serious abuse had to be exhumed after questions arose over the findings of a pathologist who accepted her father and stepmother’s explanation that she fell down stairs, a General Medical Council fitness to practise panel has heard.

Freddy Patel failed to spot signs of violence when he examined the body of Annastacia Williams, who died of serious head injuries at Great Ormond Street Hospital in London in 2002.

The GMC alleges that …
Dramatic Change in 18F-FDG Uptake in a Sarcoidosis Case Showing Spontaneous Recovery
Authors: Kimiteru Ito, Yoko Miyata, Ryogo Minamimoto, Kazuo Kubota
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 47-year-old man with treatment-naive sarcoidosis underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT. The image revealed clearly abnormal uptakes in his lymph nodes, muscles, and lungs, consistent with lesions of sarcoidosis. The patient had no symptoms and was under observation without treatment for sarcoidosis. At a 2-year follow-up, he underwent another 18F-FDG PET/CT scan, which revealed that several lesions with abnormal FDG uptake had significantly decreased, and some lesions had completely disappeared. Because sarcoidosis frequently shows spontaneous recovery, FDG uptake may show spontaneously dynamic changes in the associated lesions.
Immediate breast reconstruction with contralateral pectoralis major myomammary flap for breast conserving surgery.
Authors: S Lee, Y Bae, J Lee, T Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5157 Purpose: The breast reconstruction techniques are mandatory in case of the indication permits for there has been lots of data showing no less survival as far as surgery keeps the principle of cancer surgery. It could be selected by many factors but mainly by breast size, site of tumor. The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap (LDMCF) is one of the most commonly used techniques in early breast cancer patient who has small breast. But, it has difficulties to supply enough tissues to the widely excised tumor site. And especially in case of ptosis patient, reduction mammoplasty only is not enough to get the symmetry of the breast. We suggest a pectoralis major myomammary flap(PMMF) as a useful technique for the patients with ptosis.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Seventeen patients with ptosis were treated with breast conserving using PMMF surgery. A quadrantectomy rather than lumpectomy was performed through a planned skin incision, and axillary lymph node dissection was performed according to the sentinel lymph node result. PMMF is harvested carefully without perforating branch injury of internal thoracic artery. And reconstruction was done by the PMMF through the medial tunnel between both breasts.&amp;#x2028; Results: Among those of seventeen patients, seroma occurred in two patients and no necrosis was occurred. The cosmetic result showed good in fifteen and excellent in two patients based on four-point scoring system of breast cosmetics.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: After enough quadrantectomy to keep the cancer surgery principles, PMMF was quite useful to supply proper tissues for breast reconstructions, especially for the ptosis patient. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5157.
Benefits of massive weight loss on symptoms, systemic inflammation and cartilage turnover in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: P. Richette, C. Poitou, P. Garnero, E. Vicaut, J.-L. Bouillot, J.-M. Lacorte, A. Basdevant, K. Clement, T. Bardin, X. Chevalier
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

To investigate the effect of massive weight loss on (1) knee pain and disability, (2) low-grade inflammation and metabolic status and (3) joint biomarkers in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).140 patients involved in a gastric surgery programme were screened for painful knee OA, and 44 were included (age 44 ± 10.3 years, body mass index (BMI) 50.7 ± 7.2 kg/m(2)). Clinical data and biological samples were collected before and 6 months after surgery.Before surgery, interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were correlated with levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) (p=0.006) and Helix-II (p=0.01), a biomarker of cartilage turnover, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function score (p=0.03). Surgery resulted in substantial decrease in BMI (-20%). Levels of insulin and insulin resistance were decreased at 6 months. Knee pain decreased after surgery (24.5 ± 21 mm vs 50 ± 26.6 mm; p<0.001), and scores on all WOMAC subscales were improved. Levels of IL-6 (p<0.0001), hsCRP (p<0.0001), orosomucoid (p<0.0001) and fibrinogen (p=0.04) were decreased after surgery. Weight loss resulted in a significant increase in N-terminal propeptide of type IIA collagen levels (+32%; p=0.002), a biomarker of cartilage synthesis, and a significant decrease in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) (-36%; p<0.001), a biomarker of cartilage degradation. Changes in COMP concentration were correlated with changes in insulin levels (p=0.02) and insulin resistance (p=0.05).Massive weight loss improves pain and function and decreases low-grade inflammation. Change in levels of joint biomarkers with weight loss suggests a structural effect on cartilage.
Prevalence of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Mutations in Brazilian Families With Autosomal- Dominant Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Regina S. Moisés, André F. Reis, Valérie Morel, Antônio R. Chacra, Sérgio A. Dib, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Gilberto Velho
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The relative frequencies of the subtypes of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) were shown to vary greatly in studies from different populations (1–4). The Brazilian population has mixed ethnic background (African, Asian, European-Caucasian of several different countries of origin, and Indigenous), and little is known about the genetic determinants of diabetes in Brazilians. In this report, we describe the frequencies of the major MODY subtypes in a panel of 12 Brazilian families with autosomal-dominant early-onset type 2 diabetes (Fig. 1).

A total of 32 family members were studied. The age at diagnosis of diabetes was <25 years in at least one family member in 10 of the 12 families and was between 30 and 35 years in the two remaining families. The probands were five men and seven women with overt diabetes according to the revised criteria, aged 34 ± 18 years (mean ± SD), with age of diagnosis of 24 ± 13 years (range 8–50). The promoter and the coding regions of glucokinase (GCK/MODY2), hepatocyte nuclear …
Traumatic pediatric brain injury and intracranial pressure monitoring: does it really improve outcome?
Authors: Frans B. Plötz, Martin Kneyber, Marc van Heerde, Dick Markhorst
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)

Sir: We read with great interest the contribution by Morris et al. [1]. The authors and the United Kingdom Paediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Study Group need to be congratulated on setting up this databank, providing useful information regarding severe traumatic brain injury in children. The objective of the study was to identify factors associated with the use of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and to determine what ICP-targeted therapies are being used in children with severe TBI. The authors observed that ICP monitoring was undertaken in 45% of cases, and this increased to 59% in those with an emergency room Glasgow Coma Score of 8 or below. First-tier ICP targeted therapy was found to differ substantially between centers. Finally, the authors advocated the use of ICP monitoring and targeted therapy and concluded that less variation in management could have a beneficial effect on outcome. Despite widespread recommendation by experts in the field there is no sound evidence that monitoring of ICP and ICP-targeted therapy improve outcome [2]. Recently a retrospective cohort study in two level I trauma centers in The Netherlands from 1996 to 2001 determined the effect of ICP-targeted therapy on functional outcome in severely head-injured adults [3]. In center A therapeutic interventions were based on clinical observations and computed tomography findings, whereas in center B management was aimed at maintaining ICP below 20 mmHg and CPP above 70 mmHg. In-hospital mortality rate was 41 (34%) vs. 69 (33%, p = 0.87). The odds ratio for a more favorable functional outcome following ICP/CPP-targeted therapy was 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.62–1.44). This result remained after adjustment for potential confounders. Sedatives, vasopressors, mannitol, and barbiturates were much more frequently used in center B (all p =< 0.01). In this respect it would have been very interesting if the authors had provided additional information on outcome between the groups, in particular for patients with an emergency room Glasgow Coma Score of 8 or below, for example, on whether was there a difference in death due to incarnation, in-hospital mortality, and neurological outcome. This additional information would provide at least some indication whether ICP-targeted therapy improves mortality and neurological outcome. References
Purification and characterization of an L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT)-specific suppressor factor from genetic responder mice.
Authors: C M Sorensen, C W Pierce, D R Webb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

A hybridoma-derived, GAT-specific suppressor T cell factor (GAT-TsFR) from responder C57BL/10 mice has been purified to apparent chemical homogeneity using reversed phase HPLC techniques. 40 l of starting material yielded approximately 880 micrograms protein with a specific activity of 28.4 X 10(3) S50 U/ng protein representing a purification factor of 4.2 X 10(6). Purified GAT-TsFR is a hydrophobic protein with a minimum molecular weight of 18,000 that is capable of forming biologically active aggregates with molecular weights of 28,000, 64,000 and approximately 84,000 and has a pI of 6.4. GAT-TsFR is a glycoprotein that binds GAT and GT, but not GA, and bears determinants encoded by the I-J subregion of the H-2 complex. This GAT-TsFR derived from an H-2b responder haplotype to GAT is compared with GAT-TsF derived from the nonresponder H-2q haplotype on the basis of biochemical and some serological properties.
Myocardial infarction with angiographically normal coronary arteries
Authors: B Chandrasekaran, A S Kurbaan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Myocardial infarction with ‘normal’ coronary arteries (MINCA) typically occurs in the under-50s1. Usually there is no history of angina or previous myocardial infarction (MI), and risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) may be absent2. Symptoms and electrocardiographic (ECG) findings are similar to those of MI with angiographic coronary disease, though the infarct sizes tend to be smaller3. The rate of post-MI complications, such as malignant arrhythmias, heart failure and hypotension, is lower and the long-term prognosis is more favourable3,4.

MINCA can be classified into four groups based on risk factors for IHD and angiographic findings:



No risk factors for IHD with absolutely normal coronary arteries


Risk factors for IHD with absolutely normal coronary arteries


No risk factors for IHD with mild coronary artery disease


Risk factors for IHD with mild coronary artery disease.
Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in multiple myeloma with deletion 17p and/or translocation (4;14): IFM 2010-02 trial results
Authors: Xavier Leleu, Lionel Karlin, Margaret Macro, Cyrille Hulin, Laurent Garderet, Murielle Roussel, Bertrand Arnulf, Brigitte Pegourie, Brigitte Kolb, Anne Marie Stoppa, Sabine Brechiniac, Gerald Marit, Beatrice Thielemans, Brigitte Onraed, Claire Mathiot, Anne Banos, Laurence Lacotte, Mourad Tiab, Mamoun Dib, Jean-Gabriel Fuzibet, Marie Odile Petillon, Philippe Rodon, Marc Wetterwald, Bruno Royer, Laurence Legros, Lotfi Benboubker, Olivier Decaux, Martine Escoffre-Barbe, Denis Caillot, Jean Paul Fermand, Philippe Moreau, Michel Attal, Herve Avet-Loiseau, Thierry Facon
Journal: Blood (2015)
A proposed simple method for measurement in the anterior chamber angle
Authors: Nathan G Congdon, George L Spaeth, James Augsburger, James Klancnik, Ketan Patel, David G Hunter
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)

To design a system of gonioscopy that will allow greater interobserver reliability and more clearly defined screening cutoffs for angle closure than current systems while being simple to teach and technologically appropriate for use in rural Asia, where the prevalence of angle-closure glaucoma is highest.Clinic-based validation and interobserver reliability trial.Study 1: 21 patients 18 years of age and older recruited from a university-based specialty glaucoma clinic; study 2: 32 patients 18 years of age and older recruited from the same clinic.In study 1, all participants underwent conventional gonioscopy by an experienced observer (GLS) using the Spaeth system and in the same eye also underwent Scheimpflug photography, ultrasonographic measurement of anterior chamber depth and axial length, automatic refraction, and biometric gonioscopy with measurement of the distance from iris insertion to Schwalbe's line using a reticule based in the slit-lamp ocular. In study 2, all participants underwent both conventional gonioscopy and biometric gonioscopy by an experienced gonioscopist (NGC) and a medical student with no previous training in gonioscopy (JK).Study 1: The association between biometric gonioscopy and conventional gonioscopy, Scheimpflug photography, and other factors known to correlate with the configuration of the angle. Study 2: Interobserver agreement using biometric gonioscopy compared to that obtained with conventional gonioscopy.In study 1, there was an independent, monotonic, statistically significant relationship between biometric gonioscopy and both Spaeth angle (P = 0.001, t test) and Spaeth insertion (P = 0.008, t test) grades. Biometric gonioscopy correctly identified six of six patients with occludable angles according to Spaeth criteria. Biometric gonioscopic grade was also significantly associated with the anterior chamber angle as measured by Scheimpflug photography (P = 0.005, t test). In study 2, the intraclass correlation coefficient between graders for biometric gonioscopy (0.97) was higher than for Spaeth angle grade (0.72) or Spaeth insertion grade (0.84).Biometric gonioscopy correlates well with other measures of the anterior chamber angle, shows a higher degree of interobserver reliability than conventional gonioscopy, and can readily be learned by an inexperienced observer.
Amyloidosis of the respiratory tract treated by laser therapy.
Authors: A B Millar, A P O'Reilly, S W Clarke, M R Hetzel
Journal: Thorax (1985)

We describe a case of amyloidosis localised to the bron- chial tree that was treated by laser therapy.The initial diagnosis was thought to be bronchogenic squamous car- cinoma.This case shows that amyloid is an unusual cause of bronchial obstruction that may simulate bronchogenic carcinoma and that in certain cases bronchoscopic laser cautery may be appropriate. Case reportA 39 year old woman was admitted to hospital complaining of chest pain, breathlessness, cough, and haemoptysis.She
A REVIEW OF THE FIVE-YEAR PERIOD FOLLOWING ADMISSION IN ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVEN MENTAL PATIENTS
Authors: EARL D. BOND
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1921)

The group of cases followed for 5 years is small but unselected. It constitutes a fairly acute medical service. Twentyeight of III admissions have made recoveries which they have held from 2 to 5 years, a total of 110 years reclaimed. Deaths were in general accounted for by obvious conditions on admission—including old age. Dementia praecox cases are still in hospital. Looking backward, the story of each individual has made us wiser about the outcome in any given instance. Looking forward, these life sections give us a standard by which to judge new therapeutic measures. It is evident that a new treatment will find it hard to show results with the recovery group (A) and with the group of deaths (C). We shall await a procedure which will make complete a partial recovery and stabilize those who cannot keep a good balance (B), and which can save those who nowadays go from year to year "unimproved" (D).
Regulatory T cells contribute to the impaired immune response in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection†‡
Authors: Jeroen N. Stoop, Renate G. van der Molen, Carla C. Baan, Luc J. W. van der Laan, Ernst J. Kuipers, Johannes G. Kusters, Harry L. A. Janssen
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by a weak immune response to HBV. Regulatory T cells (Treg) can suppress the function of effector T cells and may thus be key players in this impaired immune response. Changes in the functionality or number of Treg could explain the decreased antiviral response in chronic HBV patients. To investigate the role of Treg in chronic HBV infection, we compared the proportional frequency and functionality of Treg in peripheral blood of 50 chronic HBV patients, 23 healthy controls, and 9 individuals with a resolved HBV infection. A higher percentage of Treg, defined as CD4, CD25, CD45RO, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4–positive cells, was detected within the population of CD4+ cells in peripheral blood of chronic HBV patients compared with healthy controls and individuals with a resolved HBV infection. Accordingly, chronic HBV patients displayed a higher FoxP3 messenger RNA level than healthy controls. Depletion of CD25+ cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of chronic HBV patients resulted in an enhanced proliferation after stimulation with HBV core antigen. Reconstitution of these depleted PBMC with CD4+CD25+ Treg resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of both HBV-specific proliferation and interferon γ production. In conclusion, chronic HBV patients harbor an increased percentage of Treg in peripheral blood compared with controls. Treg have an immunosuppressive effect on HBV-specific T helper cells. The presence of HBV-specific Treg could contribute to an inadequate immune response against the virus, leading to chronic infection. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:771–778.)
Surgeon criticised for performing kidney operation using living donor
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A senior surgeon in Germany has come under fire for going ahead with a kidney transplant operation using an organ from a living donor—despite the proposed operation being opposed by colleagues in psychological medicine and the ethics committee of the regional medical council.

The surgical university hospital in Essen, where surgeon Christoph Broelsch is director, was approached by a dialysis patient from Israel who said his cousin from Moldavia, who was 30 years younger, wanted to …
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Diabetes
Authors: Leonard A. Katz, Howard M. Sitro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

DIABETES mellitus affects every organ system; the gastrointestinal tract is no exception.GeneralDiabetic AcidosisAnorexia, nausea and vomiting are common early symptoms of diabetic acidosis, occurring in about 75 per cent of cases.1 2 Gastric dilatation is frequent during acidosis2 and presumably can be responsible for vomiting. Gastric dilatation may in some way be related to high levels of ketone bodies and systemic acidosis, but the rising blood sugar may contribute by causing a reduction in gastric motility.3 , 4 Because of gastric dilatation, it is often advisable to empty the stomach of a patient in diabetic acidosis; when this is done, . . .
Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor From a Defective Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Amplicon Vector Induces Angiogenesis in Mice
Authors: Enrique A. Mesri, Howard J. Federoff, Michael Brownlee
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a secreted endothelial cell–specific angiogenic growth factor. VEGF gene transfer strategies to stimulate focal angiogenesis could be used to ameliorate myocardial ischemia. To induce angiogenesis in vivo, we have constructed a replication-defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon vector that places the human VEGF-165 cDNA under the transcriptional control of the HSV immediate-early 4/5 promoter (HSVhvegf). Transduction of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts with HSVhvegf resulted in the secretion of high levels of biologically active VEGF, as assayed by microvascular endothelial mitogenesis. By use of an ex vivo protocol, BLK-CL4 fibroblasts were transduced with HSVhvegf or control HSVlac virus (expressing Escherichia coli β-galactosidase), resuspended in basement membrane extract (matrigel), and coinjected subcutaneously into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. One week later, the matrigel plugs with HSVhvegf showed a strong angiogenic response, in contrast to the plugs with HSVlac-transduced fibroblasts. These data indicate that transduction with HSVhvegf virus can induce an angiogenic response in vivo and suggest that this is a viable gene therapy approach for tissue ischemia.
KATP channels: fact or artefact?: commentaries
Authors: E Carmeliet, L Clapp, A Gurney, M Evans, B Heath, D A Terrar, A Noma
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article KATP channels: fact or artefact?: commentaries Get access E Carmeliet, E Carmeliet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L Clapp, L Clapp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A Gurney, A Gurney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M Evans, M Evans Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B Heath, B Heath Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D A Terrar, D A Terrar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A Noma A Noma Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 6, June 1994, Pages 741–745, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.6.741 Published: 01 June 1994
Enhanced external counterpulsation improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Piero O. Bonetti, Gregory W. Barsness, Paul C. Keelan, Theresa I. Schnell, Geralyn M. Pumper, David R. Holmes, Stuart T. Higano, Amir Lerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
A Clone by Any Other Name Is Still an Ethical Concern
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE DEBATE over one of medicine's most contentious issues—human embryo research—is beginning in earnest. Public and private groups are convening this month to lay the groundwork for future policy recommendations on how research should proceed and the types of clinical applications that may be considered appropriate. Much of the debate has been carried on for years in medical, scientific, and lay media quarters. But the newest round has been fueled by intense media speculation and ethical concerns surrounding laboratory research in duplicating polyploid embryos. It also is distinguished by a novel federal presence. "This is the first time the subject is being approached at the federal government level," says Duane Alexander, MD, director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md. "We're years behind." <h3>Making Up for Lost Time</h3> Federally sponsored research on in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been held in abeyance since 1980. Regulations in