tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Continuance of the Mammary Secretion when the Urine is Suppressed in Choleraic Collapse
Authors: W. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (1868)

THE BRITISR MEDICAL yOURML.3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 lumbar region the two sides be symmetrical; then I decide against me- chanical support, and in favour of gymnastic exercises and partial re- cumbency.If, on the other hand, in the stooping position, there be a decided bulging of the ribs, or of the lumbar muscles on one side, with depression on the other; then I decide in favour of mechanical support combined with partial recumbency.I have now endeavoured to define the limits within which lateral cur- vature of the spine may be considered as curable, and also to point out the means which, in my opinion, may be safely relied upon as directly curative.The general result is, that in the ordinary forms of lateral curvature there is a stage in which it is possible to effect a complete and permanent cure; but this stage of curability is of limited duration, last- ing probably not more than one or two years.It belongs to the early stage of the affection when the structural changes are slight and recent, and when we have youth and growth in our favour.If this opportunity of curing a spinal curvature be lost, the patient must take the chance either oF spontaneous arrest of the curve, which occurs in some cases in which the curves are about equal in length; or of increase of the curva- ture with deformity and loss of health.The only possible benefit under these circumstances will be to arrest the progress of the curvature and remove the cause of pain, which may generally be accomplished by me- chanical support.Other means than those referred to have been recommended by dif- ferent authorities, such as cutting the spinal muscles, first introduced by M. Guerin, and which is now being revived in this metropolis by some surgeons.But claims of this, together with other methods of treatment, I have, in my work on Lateral Cur-uture of the Spine, ana- lysed, and rejected as curative means; and the limits of this paper would not admit my entering upon the subject on the present occasion.CLINICAL MEMORANDA.[Under this head, we shall publish from time to time, as materials accu- mulate, short records of remarkable cases in practice which are suffi- ciently rare, interesting, or instructive, to deserve record, but do not call for lengthened statement or comment.Brevity and point should be the valuable characteristics of cases forwarded for this column.]ACUPRESSURE.
Effect of zinc supplement on strength and serum lipid profile on active women
Authors: Fatemeh Heyat, Parvaneh Nazar Ali, Shekoofeh Golkhoo, Parichehr Hanachi, Mojtaba Hadipour
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc supplement on strength and serum lipid profile on physical activity women. The target population of research was all of physical education students in Alzahra University. Twenty-four subjects (age=20.33 ± 1.7 years, height=163.12 ± 6.75 cm, weight=60.66 ± 8.27 kg) selected randomly. Subjects completed testing session at per week up to 8 weeks that included 1 RM test on bench and leg press (triceps and quadriceps strength) and blood sample analysis to determined TG, TC, LDL, HDL, LDL/HDL. Subjects were then divided in placebo and experiment group randomly. Either placebo (1 g/day dextrose) and Zn group (25 mg/day Zn) to begin resistance training for 8 weeks according to a protocol that design by author. The collected data were analysed by SPSS version 11 through t Student (dependent and independent). 1-Zn supplement (25 mg/day) had non-significant effect on strength of subjects and 2-Zn supplement (25 mg/day) had non-significant effect on serum lipid profile in both groups. The findings of this study indicate that using Zn supplement does not appear enhance strength and also does not have positive effect on serum lipid profile. According to this finding author suggested that using of Zn supplement should be under taken by physician. It is required that non-significant results may because of amount of used the supplement, the kind of contraction recruit in the resistance training and the time of apply the supplement therefore these results maybe not severe and exceed investigation seem necessary.
Emerging Concepts of Platelet Function
Authors: Howard L. Bleich, Emily S. Boro, Daniel Deykin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

THESE are palmy days for those of us concerned with platelet research: recent developments have heightened interest in all aspects of platelet function. The recognition of the major role of the platelet in arterial thrombosis has emphasized the clinical importance of platelet aggregation reactions. The increasingly vigorous treatment of neoplasms has stressed the need to make large numbers of platelets available for transfusion. Platelet abnormalities that result in bleeding are also receiving more attention. Only a few years ago, hereditary disorders of platelet function were considered extremely rare and vaguely classified. We now recognize, however, that some forms of these . . .
Modulation of neurotrophin and neurotrophin receptor expression in nasal mucosa after nasal allergen provocation in allergic rhinitis
Authors: U. Raap, W. Fokkens, M. Bruder, H. Hoogsteden, A. Kapp, G.‐J. Braunstahl
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) feature both allergic airway inflammation and a hyperresponsiveness to nonspecific stimuli which is partly neuronally controlled. Still, it is unclear whether or not neurotrophins are involved in airway pathophysiology of AR and in nasobronchial interaction. Methods: Nine AR patients with mono‐allergy to grass pollen and nine healthy controls underwent nasal allergen provocation (NP). Serum samples, nasal and bronchial biopsies were taken before (T 0 ) and 24 h after (T 24 ) NP. Pan‐neurotrophin receptor p75 NTR , tyrosine kinase A (trkA), trkB, nerve growth factor (NGF), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were assessed with immunohistochemistry, and NGF and BDNF levels with ELISA. Results: At T 24 , BDNF and NGF were upregulated in nasal mucosa ( P &lt; 0.05) and increased in the peripheral blood of AR compared with T 0 . The increase in nasal BDNF expression correlated positively with the maximum increase in total nasal symptom score in AR ( P = 0.02). p75 NTR was expressed on peripheral nerves and epithelial layer, trkA on endothelial cells, and trkB on mast cells. trkB + mast cells significantly decreased after NP in AR ( P &lt; 0.01). NP did not modulate p75 NTR and trkA expression in nasal mucosa and had no effect on the expression of neurotrophins and receptors in bronchial mucosa. Conclusion: This study shows that neurotrophins and their receptors are expressed in human airways. Allergic rhinitis was characterized by a modulation of BDNF, NGF, and trkB in nasal mucosa after NP and a correlation of nasal BDNF with the maximal increase of total nasal symptom score. Therefore, our data suggest that neurotrophins participate in upper‐airway pathophysiology in AR, whereas their role in nasobronchial interaction remains unclear.
Scabies: An Epidemiologic Reassessment
Authors: CRAIG G. BURKHART
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic infestation whose exact nature is unknown. A reassessment of epidemiologic data questions accepted ideas such as that scabies is a sexually transmitted disease; 30-year cycles of scabies epidemics exist; changes in the immune status of the host population (herd immunity) are epidemiologically significant; fomite transmission is rare; and blacks are resistant to the mite. Scabies epidemics are due to several factors and improved surveillance is needed before the disease can be better controlled.
Epidemiology of rheumatic heart disease in black shcoolchildren of Soweto, Johannesburg.
Authors: M J McLaren, D M Hawkins, H J Koornhof, K R Bloom, D M Bramwell-Jones, E Cohen, G E Gale, K Kanarek, A S Lachman, J B Lakier, W A Pocock, J B Barlow
Journal: BMJ (1975)

A survey to determine the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (R.H.D.) in Black children was conducted in the creeches and primary schools of the South Western Townships of Johannesburg (Soweto). A total of 12 050 Black children were examined by 10 cardiologists in May to October 1972. The overal prevalence rate of R.H.D. was 6.9 per 1000, with a peak rate of 19.2 per 1000 in children of the seventh school grade. The maximal age incidence was 15-18 years and there was a female preponderance of 1 6:1. A rise in prevalence occurred with increasing family size. Most children (92%) were asymptomatic, and in 82.5% R.H.D. was diagnosed for the first time during the school survey. The commonest valve lesion was mitral regurgitation, which was present in 93% and occurred as an isolated lesion in 47.5%. Lancefield9s group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus was isolated from the throats of 52 per 1000 Soweto children. The auscultatory features of a non-ejection systolic click and late systolic murmur were prevalent (13.9 per 1000) and had several epidemiological factors in common with R.H.D. A comprehensive preventative campaign is urgently needed in South Africa, directed at both primary and secondary prophylaxis of R.H.D. The socioeconomic status of the community must be improved if optimal prevention is to be achieved.
Systemic reaction to bromsulphthalein.
Authors: T. W. Astin
Journal: BMJ (1965)

maximum suppression of plasma cortisol.We have found this dosage of methopyrapone satisfactory in the evaluation of pituitary- corticotrophin reserve.Finally, the diagnosis of isolated corticotrophin deficiency in our patient does not rest solely on the lack of response to metho- pyrapone.We feel sure that Dr. Sprunt will agree that both the correction of insulin- induced hypoglycaemia-unresponsiveness with exogenous corticotrophin and the low-normal plasma cortisol during fever further support the presence of a hypothalamic-pituitary defect affecting the secretion of corticotrophin.-We are, etc.,
From Australia to Chinchilla to Jamaica
Authors: Michael M. Thaler
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

A general impairment of liver mitochondrial enzymes is central to Reye's syndrome (RS). The respiration of isolated liver mitochondria was measured after the addition of concentrated normal serum or RS serum derived from 12 patients. RS serum stimulates oxygen consumption in isolated rat liver mitochondria. This effect is due to ( a ) the oxidation of uric acid by peroxisomes contaminating the preparation and ( b ) a stimulation of mitochondrial respiration (1.05 ± 0.14 nmole of O 2 / min · mg of protein; control 0.30 ± 0.08 nmole O 2 /min · mg). The stimulation of respiration occurs in the presence of all respiratory substrates, is dependent on the amount of serum added, and represents an uncoupling of oxidativephosphorylation. RS serum reduces ATP formation by 15 to 76%. The uncoupling effect correlates with the amount of free fatty acid in the serum sample and resembles theeffect induced by the addition of a dicarboxylic fatty acid. Dicarboxylic fatty acids, especially long–chain dicarboxylic acids, impair ATP formation. Dicarboxylic acids were found in the serum of all RS patients and comprised as much as 54% of the total serum free fatty acids. Ninety percent of the serum dicarboxylic acids were of 16 to 18 carbon lengths. The amount of dicarboxylic acids in the RS serum corresponded directly with the reduction in ATP formation by the RS serum. This demonstrates that dicarboxylic acids occur in RS and may be important in the general impairment of mitochondrial function in RS and other disorders where they are present.
Insidious Sepsis Following Moore Prosthesis
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Dr. E. J. Morrissey: A 76-year-old spinster fell one hour before she was brought to the Emergency Ward of the Massachusetts General Hospital. X-ray films of the right hip showed a subcapital fracture (Fig 1). She sustained no other injuries. On the day following her admission, a Moore prosthesis was inserted through a posterior approach (Fig 2). Her postoperative course was excellent until the sixth day when her temperature rose to 102 F (38.9 C). Although the incision appeared benign, the patient complained of pain in the hip. The joint was aspirated, but no collection of fluid was found. Cultures of the few drops of blood that were aspirated were negative. The white-blood-cell count was 11,700 cells/cu mm with a normal differential. The urine was cultured and grew out abundant coliform organisms. Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) was used to treat the urinary-tract infection; not only did her temperature rapidly return to normal,
778-4 Is Primary Angioplasty Less Effective in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Presenting in the Early Morning Hours?
Authors: Gregg W. Stone, Cindy L. Grines, Kevin F. Browne, Jean Marco, Donald Rothbaum, James O’Keefe, Paul Overlie, Brian Donohue, Sylvia Puchrowicz, William W. O’Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The impact of removing financial incentives from clinical quality indicators: longitudinal analysis of four Kaiser Permanente indicators
Authors: H. Lester, J. Schmittdiel, J. Selby, B. Fireman, S. Campbell, J. Lee, A. Whippy, P. Madvig
Journal: BMJ (2010)

To evaluate the effect of financial incentives on four clinical quality indicators common to pay for performance plans in the United Kingdom and at Kaiser Permanente in California.Longitudinal analysis.35 medical facilities of Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 1997-2007.2 523 659 adult members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Main outcomes measures Yearly assessment of patient level glycaemic control (HbA(1c) <8%), screening for diabetic retinopathy, control of hypertension (systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg), and screening for cervical cancer.Incentives for two indicators-screening for diabetic retinopathy and for cervical cancer-were removed during the study period. During the five consecutive years when financial incentives were attached to screening for diabetic retinopathy (1999-2003), the rate rose from 84.9% to 88.1%. This was followed by four years without incentives when the rate fell year on year to 80.5%. During the two initial years when financial incentives were attached to cervical cancer screening (1999-2000), the screening rate rose slightly, from 77.4% to 78.0%. During the next five years when financial incentives were removed, screening rates fell year on year to 74.3%. Incentives were then reattached for two years (2006-7) and screening rates began to increase. Across the 35 facilities, the removal of incentives was associated with a decrease in performance of about 3% per year on average for screening for diabetic retinopathy and about 1.6% per year for cervical cancer screening.Policy makers and clinicians should be aware that removing facility directed financial incentives from clinical indicators may mean that performance levels decline.
Teaching junior doctors practical procedures.
Authors: S A Khan
Journal: BMJ (1991)

4-0 kPa to 6 4 kPa.This presents a problem with some theatre ventilators, which are unable to cope with this degree of reduced chest wall compliance and fail to deliver the set tidal volume, resulting in an even greater rise in end tidal pressure.Prolonged abdominal distention can also lead to diaphragmatic elevation and basal lung atelectasis, which, if persisting into the postoperative period, increase the risk of hypoxaemia.Thirdly, this procedure takes longer than con- ventional cholecystectomy.In the first 20 cases that we studied the mean surgical operating time was 110 minutes, significantly longer than an operating time of 30 minutes for conventional cholecystectomy found in a recent British series.'This has implications both for the total amount of anaesthetic given and for the incidence of complications, such as deep venous thrombosis, which increases in frequency with prolonged preoperative immobility.45Thus although laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers potential benefits to the patient and significant cost saving,'2 it is too early to state that "this procedure will inevitably become the only method for routine cholecystectomy."The balance between potential preoperative complications and postoperative benefits needs to be considered carefully for each patient, particularly very obese patients.
508 HUMAN LIVER AS A SOURCE OF MESENCHYMAL-LIKE STEM CELLS
Authors: F. Colombo, R. Ratti, N. Saulnier, L. Porretti, A. Cattaneo, M.A. Puglisi, G. Rossi, G. Piccolo, B. Foglieni, A. Gasbarrini, D. Prati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
PERI-PROCEDURAL USE OF NOVEL ANTICOAGULATION AGENTS DURING CARDIAC DEVICE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Jayasree Pillarisetti, Ryan Maybrook, Sandeep Reddy, Mehdi Khalafi, Arun Raghav Mahankali Sridhar, Arun Kanmanthareddy, Donita Atkins, Madhu Reddy, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
279. Eradication of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Mice Mediated by NK Cell Activation Using Inactivated Sendai Virus Particle (HVJ-E)
Authors: Atsuko Fujihara, Masayuki Kurooka, Tsuneharu Miki, Yasufumi Kaneda
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy have shown little antitumour activity against renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although interleikin-2 or interferon ? treatment against RCC have shown some effectiveness (its response rate is approximately 20%), it is not satisfactory to us. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapy. UV inactivated Hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E; Sendai virus) has been developed as a safe non-viral vector and has been anticipated as a highly efficient delivery system because of its robust fusion activity. Recently, we have found that HVJ-E enhances interferon releasing from dendritic cells with the existence of murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca). By the injection of HVJ-E directly into Renca tumor mass, intradermal tumor mass was eradicated. Tumor-free mice generated by HVJ-E injection rejected Renca tumors when rechallenged. Therefore, HVJ-E appears to generate effective anti-tumor immunity. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the generation of anti-tumor immunity by HVJ-E vector. Microarray analyses revealed that several typeIor II interferon (IFN) related genes were amplified in RCC tumors which were treated with HVJ-E. By quantitative Real Time RT-PCR analysis, typeIandII IFN mRNA expressions were much increased in growing tumors after HVJ-E intra-tumor injections. When HVJ-E was added to syngeneic myeloid dendritic cells cocultured with Renca, significant increase of typeIIFN secretion was observed in a dose dependent manner of HVJ-E. When we cultured NK cells in the conditioned medium of this coculture system, the significant increase of type II IFN releasing and NK cell activation were also observed. Moreover, drastic increase of NK cytotoxity was detected in a 51Cr releasing assay. When we blocked typeIIFN signaling in NK cell, the amount of type II IFN in the supernatants was decreased. When Renca tumor mass was generated in SCID mice, the inhibition of tumor growth was still observed by the treatment with HVJ-E. However, NK cell depletion inside tumour using anti-asialo GM1 antibody abolished HVJ-E-mediated inhibition of tumor growth. Taken together, these results indicate that HVJ-E has anti-tumor effects against Renca through type Iand II IFN induction and NK cell activation. HVJ-E may become a promising therapeutics for RCC in future medicine.
Relationships among blood lead levels, iron deficiency, and cognitive development in two-year-old children.
Authors: H A Ruff, M E Markowitz, P E Bijur, J F Rosen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The goals of this study were to explore the relationship of declining blood lead levels and cognitive development in 42 moderately lead poisoned children around 2 years of age and to investigate the potential interaction between iron and lead levels in the course of development. The cognitive functioning of children was assessed upon enrollment into a comprehensive intervention and 6 months later. The intervention consisted of chelation treatment, if appropriate, iron supplementation, if needed, and steps to eliminate the source of lead in the home environment. The children were referred because of blood lead levels between 25 and 55 mu g/dl; they were also selected on the basis of age between 18 and 30 months. The outcome measures were the global score on a standardized test of cognitive development and subscale scores for perceptual-motor and language functioning. Cognitive change over 6 months was related to an interaction between change in blood lead and initial iron status. Specifically, the change in standardized score (particularly change in perceptual-motor performance) was strongly related to change in blood lead in children who were iron sufficient at the outset: there was an increase of 1.2 points for every 1 mu g/dl decrease in blood lead. There was no such relationship in iron-deficient children. Secondary analyses suggested that 1) the change in cognitive functioning of iron-deficient children was related to change in hemoglobin, and 2) the decline in blood lead was less in iron-deficient than in iron-sufficient children. Thus, when iron is sufficient, changes in blood lead and changes in cognition are inversely related. When iron is deficient, other processes affect the outcome.