tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dose of Ingested Glucose on Plasma Metabolite and Hormone Responses in Type II Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Mary C Gannon, Frank Q Nuttall, Sydney A Westphal, Brian J Neil, Elizabeth R Seaquist
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Ten untreated type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects were given 15, 25, 35, and 50 g glucose orally. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, urea n trogen, a-amino acid nitrogen, and lactate concentrations were measured, and net 5-h postprandial areas were calculated. The net glucose-area response to the ingested glucose dose (with the 0-time value as a constant baseline) was best described by a second-order polynomial equation, whereas insulin-area response was best described by a third-order equation. In a separate study, 5 untreated type II diabetic subjects were given only water, and the same metabolites and hormones were measured. Data from this study indicated that the baseline was not constant during the 5 h of study but decreased progressively. The net glucose-area and insulin-area responses to ingested glucose dose (with the decreasing baseline) were then best described by third-order equations. Glucagon, α-amino acid nitrogen, and lactate concentrations were exquisitely sensitive to a rise in glucose and insulin concentrations. These were all decreased with the lowest concentration of glucose used. At this dose of glucose, the increase in insulin was only 15 μU/ml.
A paper that changed my practice: Optional illness
Authors: J. Herman
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Certain articles have a way of following you throughout your entire career, cropping up in widely differing circumstances. In my case, one such article would be “Varicose veins an optional illness” which appeared in The Practitioner 27 years ago.1 Rather than attempting a precis of it, I quote the admirably brief summary by Dr Jeremy Holmes, its author: “Eleven out of twenty-four patients admitted for routine vein strip for varicose veins were involved in recent emotional upsets or family crises. It is suggested that they might have become troubled by their veins in response to these difficulties, and have sought operation as a way of resolving them.”

The paper is elegantly …
Linkage of cDNA expression profiles of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons to a genome-wide in situ hybridization database
Authors: Kambiz N Alavian, Horst H Simon
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2009)

Midbrain dopaminergic neurons are involved in control of emotion, motivation and motor behavior. The loss of one of the subpopulations, substantia nigra pars compacta, is the pathological hallmark of one of the most prominent neurological disorders, Parkinson's disease. Several groups have looked at the molecular identity of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and have suggested the gene expression profile of these neurons. Here, after determining the efficiency of each screen, we provide a linked database of the genes, expressed in this neuronal population, by combining and comparing the results of six previous studies and verification of expression of each gene in dopaminergic neurons, using the collection of in situ hybridization in the Allen Brain Atlas.
On Dr. Copeman's Novel Treatment of Obstinate Vomiting in Pregnancy
Authors: G. Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (1875)

gout.These cases were certain ; they occurred where there had been no infection, and they were not themselves infectious.Prostatic disease or enlargement was very frequent in those who were gouty; but it could not be said to be in any way peculiar to them, and it possessed, when found in gouty persons, no features that were cha- racteristic of gouty disease.There was an affection of the penis which, in the few cases the lecturer had seen, had occurred in persons who were gouty.It consisted of a fibrous thickening and hardening of the corpus cavernosum, and appeared to depend on changes very similar to those that took place in the thickening and contraction of the palmar fascia, which had been described in the previous lecture.It was seen in men who were generally past 55 years of age.The sheath of the crus or the septum presented a tough rigid plate, almost as hard as a piece of imbedded cartilage, varying considerably both in its size and its shape in different cases.Sometimes it was not more than two or three lines across, in others it had an extent of more than half an inch, and was placed either on the dorsum or at the side of the corpus cavernosum, or in the septum.The affection was very chronic.In some instances, these plates had gradually increased in extent, in others they had slowly disappeared.They led to no harm, and were little affected by treatment.They were, however, not rarely a source of
Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from water systems: methods and preliminary results.
Authors: J O Tobin, R A Swann, C L Bartlett
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A preliminary survey of water systems in hospitals and hotels showed that Legionella pneumophila may be found in water storage and distribution systems as well as in the recirculating cooling water of air-conditioning plants. Altogether 42 isolates of L pneumophila were made from 31 establishments, six of which were associated with cases of legionnaires' disease but in 25 of which there was no known association with disease. In the six establishments implicated epidemiologically as the source of legionnaires' disease, these organisms were found in each of their water-distribution systems and also in the cooling water from each of the three with cooling towers. In establishments not associated with cases, water from three out of nine cooling towers, four out of 24 taps or showers, and one out of 15 storage tanks was found to contain legionellae. The organisms were isolated by guinea-pig inoculation and subsequent culture of their peritoneal fluid, liver, and spleen. Finding L pneumophila in water systems in the absence of cases of legionnaires' disease should not at present be an indication for attempts at eradication.
Circulating Stem Cells — Waxing Hematopoietic
Authors: Anne Kessinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

During the development of the human embryo, hematopoietic cells first appear in the yolk sac, then migrate to the liver and from there to the bone marrow through the bloodstream. Until the 1970s, it was assumed that these cells resided exclusively in the bone marrow, but then hematopoietic cells capable of mitosis were identified in the blood of laboratory animals and humans.1,2 Before that, all normal blood cells were considered to be terminally differentiated, moving to the circulation only after they had completed a series of maturational mitoses in the marrow. Investigators wondered whether these newly found mitotic blood . . .
Safety of tamoxifen
Authors: G M Williams
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - V Craig Jordan reports some of the preclinical toxicological findings on tamoxifen in his editorial.1 Though he states that tamoxifen “promotes hepatic tumours in rats,” he fails to note that tamoxifen is a strong liver carcinogen by itself in rats, producing tumours within six months and a high incidence by one year at doses that yield …
Gynecomastia During Therapy with Spironolactone
Authors: Norman M. Mann
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE TREATMENT OF EDEMA occurring with such diseases as heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and chronic nephritis has always been a challenge. The problems associated with edema of renal origin have been particularly troublesome. Fortunately, in cases of chronic nephritis, a number of approaches have been available. Restriction of salt, the use of steroids, and administration of various diuretics such as chlorothiazide and meralluride sodium have been quite effective. However, a point is eventually reached in therapy at which the patient becomes resistant to all approaches. Thus, the advent of a new agent for use in these conditions is always of great interest. In recent years, it has been pointed out that there is an increased secretion of aldosterone in patients who have the nephrotic syndrome. Since aldosterone is known to act on the renal tubules to increase the reabsorption of sodium, any increase in dosage of the hormone
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for advanced acute promyelocytic leukemia: results in patients treated in second molecular remission or with molecularly persistent disease
Authors: F Lo-Coco, A Romano, A Mengarelli, D Diverio, A P Iori, M L Moleti, S De Santis, R Cerretti, F Mandelli, W Arcese
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Heart Rate after Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: W. BECK, C. N. BARNARD, V. SCHRIRE
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Two patients who have undergone heart transplantation 7 and 15 months previously were studied to determine basal heart rate, the effects of exercise, and acute changes in venous return and blood pressure as well as of vagal stimulation. In one case the effects of body temperature, isoprenaline (isoproterenol), beta blockade, and atropinization on heart rate were studied. Mean resting heart rates of 110 and 90, respectively, were observed in the two cases without any significant change with time since the surgical implantation. Sinus arrhythmia was not observed and heart rate was found to increase with exercise following isoprenaline infusion and following increase in body temperature. A decrease was observed after beta blockade, but no significant direct or baroreceptor reflex effects could be produced by changes in venous return, systemic blood pressure, vagal stimulation, and atropinization. Both patients are thus effectively denervated, and there is no evidence of reinnervation to date.
Engagement before Alliance
Authors: Theodore Nadelson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

An approach to the psychotherapy of ego-depleted states or with morbid disease involves the commitment of the therapist far beyond a distant psychoanalytic stance. Engagement must occur before a therapeutic alliance and exploration of underlying issues can begin. The patient in a helpless state needs the therapist's concern (both by frequent visits and telephone), active participation with family, and occasionally medication. The 'all out' effort allows the patient to borrow some of the therapist's strength. Within this approach, one may expand or contract goals; many patients went on to further explorative work. This mode stands outside of many of the usual values and canons of psychoanalytic therapy, and many therapists need encouragement when they risk closeness with patients' desperation and/or disease.
Letter: dexamethasone in malignant hyperpyrexia.
Authors: D G Raitt, A J Merrifield
Journal: BMJ (1974)

As many dental anaesthetics are still given in the upright position, it seems important in such circumstances for the anaesthetist (1) initially, to check that the back rest of the dental chair will depress quickly and smoothly (some do jam) enabling the patient to be supinated at once; (2) to be conversant with the procedure for dropping the arm rest and moving the patient sideways out of the chair if the back rest jams; and(3) to monitor the pulse throughout the anaesthetic.-Iam, etc., BRYAN LEWIS Birmingham Dexamethasone in Malignant Hyperpyrexia SIR,-A child of 6 years weighing 22-5 kg about to undergo adenoidectomy was given 100 mg thiopentone, 30 mg suxamethonium, and 1 % halothane.After approximately two minutes he was sweating and felt very hot; anaesthesia was discontinued.At this stage his temperature was 39 25°C and there were no signs of muscle rigidity.In view of the report by Dr. F. R. Ellis and others (2 November, p. 270) he was given 4 mg of dexamethasone intravenously as an initial steroid dose.His rectal temperature fell rapidly to 380C within three minutes.No further treatment was given and cooling was not required.His postoperative serum creatine phosphokinase level was 24 U/1.Further investigations are being undertaken and will be reported; it seems probable, however, that instant steroid therapy is ex- tremely important in any patient with suspected malignant hyperpyrexia.-Weare, etc.,
Acute Glutethimide (Doriden®) Intoxication, Hemodialysis Reevaluated.
Authors: Joseph A. Chazan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Acute Glutethimide (Doriden®) Intoxication, Hemodialysis Reevaluated.Joseph A. Chazan, M.D., Jordan J. Cohen, M.D.Joseph A. Chazan, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Jordan J. Cohen, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1142_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe present study reviews the clinical course of all patients (31) with acute glutethimide intoxication admitted to a community hospital over a 2-year period. The diagnosis was made in each case by the demonstration of elevated blood glutethimide levels; patients with mixed intoxications (including barbiturate and salicylate) were excluded. Thirteen of these 31 patients were responsive on admission and rapidly improved with minimal morbidity and no mortality. Blood glutethimide levels in this group of clinically mild intoxications ranged from 0.9 to 6.4 mg/100 ml. The remaining 18 patients were comatose on admission, and their courses were frequently complicated by hypotension,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Joseph A. Chazan, M.D.; Jordan J. Cohen, M.D.Affiliations: Providence, Rhode Island PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1142-1142KeywordsBloodComaHypotensionIntoxicationMorbidityMortalitySalicylates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
99mTc-Diphosphonate Uptake in Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach
Authors: BHURJI N. SINGH, STEPHAN J. CISTERNINO, B ADRIAN KESALA, SHARAD P. MEHTA, STEWART M. SPIES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Extraosseous accumulation of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals has been reported in various benign and neoplastic conditions. This report concerns extraosseous uptake in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Punctate calcification was demonstrated in the lesion. To our knowledge this has not been previously reported. Additionally, focal hepatic activity was present, presumably in the hepatic metastases from the gastric carcinoma.
Swimming pool attendance and hay fever rates later in life
Authors: Y. Kohlhammer, A. Döring, T. Schäfer, H.‐E. Wichmann, J. Heinrich
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Background: Exposure to chlorination by‐products through swimming pool attendance showed adverse health effects on children. The aim of our study was to assess whether pool attendance in childhood would be related to higher rates of allergic diseases in adulthood, with special regard to hay fever. Methods: 2606 adults aged 35–74 years provided retrospectively collected information on swimming pool attendance and medical history, including data on atopic diseases. Information was assessed by a combination of a personal interview and a self‐administered questionnaire. Logistic regression models were applied to study associations between hay fever and swimming pool attendance, adjusted for potentially relevant confounders, such as age, gender, region, education and smoking. Results: Higher rates of hay fever could be seen when frequently exposed at school age (aOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.09–2.77), frequently exposed during the past 12 months (aOR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.92–1.89) and ever exposed (aOR: 1.65, 95% CI: 0.98–2.78). Strongest associations were found for the youngest subjects and were dose‐related to the extent of current and school‐age pool attendance. Conclusions: Impaired integrity of the lung epithelial by exposure to chlorination by‐products might facilitate a closer contact to allergens and therefore could result in higher rates of hay fever.
Raynaud Phenomenon in Pregnancy-Reply
Authors: Edmund L. Dubois
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Regarding the letter of Dr Cook concerning the lethal effect of renal scleroderma on mother and fetus, it is true that patients in whom preeclampsia and eclampsia associated with the acute onset of renal scleroderma develop have a poor prognosis. Unfortunately, in the presence of normal renal function and blood pressure, the subsequent appearance of renal scleroderma cannot be predicted. Fortunately, however, the incidence of pregnancy in scleroderma is low, probably due to the effects of the disease on fertility. Even without pregnancy, progressive systemic sclerosis may undergo an acute exacerbation with sudden appearance of malignant hypertension secondary to renal involvement. Karlen and Cook (<i>Obstet Gynecol</i>44:349, 1974) report on such a case and summarize the literature on 17 other cases, in four of which there were maternal deaths caused by renal involvement, without clinical evidence prior to or during early pregnancy. A less biased view is obtained by
Abstract 4452: Mother-daughter communication and breast cancer prevention knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors between Hispanic and non-Hispanic college women
Authors: Cynthia Kratzke, Hugo Vilchis-Licon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Although breast cancer prevention programs focus primarily on women ages 40 and older, little is known about breast cancer prevention awareness among young women. Cancer communication is essential for early detection and treatment for Hispanic and non-Hispanic women. Data trends show Hispanic women are more likely to be diagnosed with more advanced stages of breast cancer at an early age. Aim: The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine mother-daughter communication and breast cancer prevention knowledge, attitudes, and breast self-examination (BSE) behaviors between Hispanic and non-Hispanic college women. Method: Using a cross sectional study design, a convenience sample of college women ages 18 and older were surveyed in Fall 2010 at a southwestern university. Survey items were developed using the Health Belief Model framework. An open-ended item was included to elicit descriptions of breast cancer prevention advice received from their mothers. Results: Self-reported data were obtained from 71 college women (44% Hispanic and 56% non-Hispanic) ages 18 to 49 with a mean age of 22.6 (SD = 5.6). Overall, 33% received mother-daughter communication about breast cancer prevention, 80% received a provider's recommendation to conduct BSE, and 62% conducted BSE. Nearly 74% knew someone with breast cancer. Bivariate analysis revealed no significant differences for mother-daughter communication, knowledge, and self-efficacy for breast cancer prevention. In content analysis, only non-Hispanic college women received advice from their mothers about modifiable risk factors for breast cancer prevention. Hispanic college women (84%) were more likely compared to non-Hispanic women (63%) to have friends who supported BSE (p=.023). In addition, Hispanic college women (61%) were more likely compared to non-Hispanic women (38%) to seek online breast cancer information (p=.023). Conclusion: Our preliminary findings support the need for college educational breast cancer prevention programs including risk factors. Future research is suggested with a larger sample size to validate findings as well as to explore Internet use to seek quality online health information with an emphasis on breast cancer prevention information. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4452. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4452
The emergence of proto-objects in complex visual hallucinations
Authors: Glenda Halliday
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

There is little to refute in Collerton et al.'s argument that recurrent complex visual hallucinations involve multiple physiological mechanisms, and the target article's proposed PAD model implicitly incorporates this concept, advancing the field. The novel concept in this model is the intrusion of hallucinatory proto-objects into relatively preserved scenes. The weakness of the model is the lack of physiological detail for this mechanism.
UNC5A promotes neuronal apoptosis during spinal cord development independent of netrin-1
Authors: Megan E Williams, Xiaowei Lu, William L McKenna, Raesha Washington, Adam Boyette, Phyllis Strickland, Allison Dillon, Zaven Kaprielian, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Lindsay Hinck
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2006)
HLA-DR4 and career prospects in rheumatology: is there a link?
Authors: A Gough, J Faint, M Salmon, P Bacon, P Emery
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To determine whether HLA type is associated with career progress in rheumatology. <b>Design</b>: Comparison of HLA type after HLA analysis of samples of venous blood. <b>Setting</b>: Department of Rheumatology Research, University of Birmingham. <b>Subjects</b>: All (37) staff in the department. <b>Results</b>: All the senior academics and most staff with a PhD expressed HLA-DR4. The prevalence of expression in each of these groups was significantly greater than that found in the controls. None of the junior doctors or secretaries expressed DR4. <b>Conclusion</b>: The junior doctors in the department have poor career prospects as HLA-DR4 seems to be associated with academic achievement.
Infection Control Practices in Minnesota Nursing Homes
Authors: Kent B. Crossley, Patrick Irvine, Donna J. Kaszar, Ruth B. Loewenson
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Because infection is a major cause of hospitalization among nursing home residents, we assessed infection control activities and related employee health policies in Minnesota nursing homes, using a questionnaire. The majority of institutions (378/440, 85.9%) responded. We found traditional isolation techniques were widely used, but blood and urine precautions were employed in less than half of the homes. Infection surveillance tended to focus on chart review. Antibiotic utilization studies were done in 76% of homes. Procedures for urinary catheter care were often at variance with current recommendations. Employee health policies required a physical examination of a new employee in a minority of institutions. Policies required by Minnesota statute (eg, skin testing for tuberculosis and documentation of employee illness) were carried out by most institutions. Infection control policies and procedures in nursing homes should be redefined so that, where appropriate, they are more consistent with practices in acute-care hospitals.
Mutagen Sensitivity in Patients With Head and Neck Cancers: A Biologic Marker for Risk of Multiple Primary Malignancies
Authors: Stimson P. Schantz, Margaret R. Spitz, T. C. Hsu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Mutagen Sensitivity in Patients With Head and Neck Cancers: A Biologic Marker for Risk of Multiple Primary Malignancies Get access Stimson P. Schantz, Stimson P. Schantz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret R. Spitz, Margaret R. Spitz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. C. Hsu T. C. Hsu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 22, 21 November 1990, Pages 1773–1775, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.22.1773 Published: 21 November 1990 Article history Received: 05 June 1990 Revision received: 28 August 1990 Accepted: 12 September 1990 Published: 21 November 1990