tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arterial Oxygen Desaturation and Intestinal Absorption of Xylose
Authors: J. S. Milledge
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Small-bowel absorption was studied using the xylose absorption test in 16 patients with varying degrees of arterial oxygen desaturation due to either congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease. Xylose absorption was decreased in the cases with more severe desaturation. The correlation of xylose absorption with arterial saturation was significant. In nine cases hypoxia was relieved by either oxygen administration or surgery. Repeat testing showed an increase in xylose absorption in every case, the mean increase being 11.7%, which was statistically significant.
Successful Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy for a Single Pancreatic Stone Located Outside of an Undilated Main Pancreatic Duct
Authors: B. Védrenne, H. Hadjadj, P. Souillac, J. C. Coffin, G. Gatineau-Sailliant, M. Glikmanas
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)
Idiopathic Type 1 Diabetes in Dallas
Authors: Antonio Piñero-Piloña, Patrick Litonjua, Larissa Aviles-Santa, Philip Raskin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

In this issue of Diabetes Care , the letter by Bennett et al. (1) in response to our study (2) points out a huge problem that we wished to previously identify. The problem is “the importance of a name” (3). Dr. Bennett and his colleagues (1), who are respected epidemiologists, considered our study subjects to have type 2 diabetes, whereas we determined that they met the diagnostic criteria for idiopathic type 1 diabetes.

According to the report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (4), idiopathic type 1 diabetes is described as follows: “This form of diabetes is strongly inherited, lacks immunological evidence for β-cell autoimmunity, and is not HLA associated. An absolute requirement for insulin replacement therapy in affected patients may come and go.” Even in “typical” …
Cellular Phospholipid and Cholesterol Efflux in High-Density Lipoprotein Deficiency
Authors: Michel Marcil, Rachel Bissonnette, Jérôme Vincent, Larbi Krimbou, Jacques Genest
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Prospective studies have examined the relationship between coronary artery disease and low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).We investigated the causes of hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HypoA; HDL-C <5th percentile) in 64 subjects (12 women and 52 men). Apolipoprotein AI-mediated cellular cholesterol and phospholipid efflux were measured in fibroblasts from HypoA subjects, 9 controls, 2 patients with Tangier disease, and 5 patients with hyperalphalipoproteinemia. A phospholipid efflux defect was defined as <70% of controls. Mean HDL-C was 0.49+/-0.21 mmol/L. Cholesterol and phospholipid efflux correlated strongly (r=0.72, P<0.001). Phospholipid efflux and HDL-C (r=0.64, P<0.001) correlated in HypoA subjects. However, phospholipid or cholesterol efflux was no longer a determinant of HDL-C levels at higher levels (> approximately 1.0 mmol/L) of HDL-C. In HypoA subjects, 4 cases of Tangier disease and 6 of familial HDL deficiency (heterozygous Tangier disease) were identified (10 of 64; 16%). In the remaining 54 subjects, mean lipid efflux was not significantly different from controls and subjects with hyperalphalipoproteinemia. A phospholipid efflux defect was identified in 7 additional HypoA subjects, and a cholesterol efflux defect was detected in 11 subjects. In 2 of these subjects, the ABCA1 gene was ruled out as the cause of the efflux defect, while in 3, the low HDL-C trait segregated with the ABCA1 gene locus.Lipidation of lipid-poor apolipoprotein AI may not be a major determinant of cholesterol accumulation within more mature HDL particles and increasing cholesterol or phospholipid efflux beyond normal levels may not lead to increase in plasma HDL-C levels. ABCA1 is essential in the initial steps of HDL formation but other plasma events are major modulators of HDL-C levels.
Paediatric cardiologist is accused of making sexual advances to young boys in Paris and Kenya
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A hearing of sexual impropriety has opened at the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service in Manchester against Philipp Bonhoeffer, the former head of cardiology at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London.

The long list of charges includes allegations of sexual advances to young boys in Paris, when Bonhoeffer was working at the Necker Hospital in the mid-1990s, and in Kenya, where he worked for the Chain of Hope charity set up by the transplant surgeon Magdi Yacoub. Bonhoeffer has refused to attend the hearing, which is going ahead in his absence.1

This means that he will be unable …
Ga-67 Studies in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Disseminated Mycobacterial Infection
Authors: CHANDER M. MALHOTRA, ALLAN D. ERICKSON, STEVEN H. FEINSILVER, SANFORD C. SPRARAGEN, KILMER S. McCULLY, BEN C. CLAUNCH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A well-documented case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with diffuse lymphadenopathy and disseminated mycobacteriosis in whom serial Ga-67 studies were performed is presented.
Increased left ventricular mass in a bodybuilder using anabolic steroids.
Authors: G McKillop, I C Todd, D Ballantyne
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1986)

As the effects of anabolic steroids on left ventricular structure and function are unknown, we carried out clinical examination, 12 lead electrocardiography and echocardiography on a 23 year old male bodybuilder using these drugs. In this subject we found values of ECG voltage criteria, left ventricular-mass, posterior wall and interventricular septal thickness which exceeded those found in normal subjects and also in other competitive, power athletes. Despite these values, however, ejection fraction remained normal. This would suggest that anabolic steroids perhaps have a direct effect on the myocardium, in addition to the effects of training, but whether this is of pathological significance is unclear.
Patient tumor EGFR and PDGFRA gene amplifications retained in an invasive intracranial xenograft model of glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Caterina Giannini, Jann N. Sarkaria, Atsushi Saito, Joon H. Uhm, Evanthia Galanis, Brett L. Carlson, Mark A. Schroeder, C. David James
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2005)

We have previously described a panel of serially transplantable glioblastoma multiforme xenograft lines established by direct subcutaneous injection of patient tumor tissue in the flanks of nude mice. Here we report the characterization of four of these lines with respect to their histopathologic, genetic, and growth properties following heterotopic-to-orthotopic (flank-to-intracranial) transfer. Cells from short-term cultures, established from excised flank xenografts, were harvested and injected into the brains of nude mice (10(6) cells per injection). The intracranial tumors generated from these injections were all highly mitotic as well as highly invasive, but they lacked necrotic features in most instances and failed to show endothelial cell proliferation in all instances. For mice receiving injections from a common explant culture, tumor intracranial growth rate was consistent, as indicated by relatively narrow ranges in survival time. In contrast to the loss of epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) amplification in cell culture, high-level amplification and overexpression of EGFR were retained in intracranial tumors established from two EGFR-amplified flank tumors. A third intracranial tumor retained patient tumor amplification and high-level expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene. Because the heterotopic-to-orthotopic transfer and propagation of glioblastoma multiforme preserves the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) gene amplification of patient tumors, this approach should facilitate investigations for determining the extent to which RTK amplification status influences tumor response to RTK-directed therapies. The fact that such studies were carried out by using an invasive tumor model in an anatomically appropriate context should ensure a rigorous preclinical assessment of agent efficacy.
622. Effective Prevention of Spontaneous Lung Metastasis of AT6.3 Prostate Cancer by Intravenous Administration of Dendritic Cells Activated by Non-Transmissible Sendai Virus
Authors: Tomonori Kato, Yasuji Ueda, Yasuo Yoneyama, Akinao Matsunaga, Megumi Akizawa, Akira Komiya, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Makoto Inoue, Mamoru Hasegawa, Tomohiko Ichikawa, Yoshikazu Yonemitsu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)
Review: In benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the Epley maneuver increases symptom resolution
Authors: Alexis Carrington-Ford, Allan V. Prochazka
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club17 March 2015Review: In benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the Epley maneuver increases symptom resolutionAlexis Carrington-Ford, MD, Allan V. Prochazka, MD, MScAlexis Carrington-Ford, MDDenver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA (A.C., A.V.P.)Search for more papers by this author, Allan V. Prochazka, MD, MScDenver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA (A.C., A.V.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-6-010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHilton MP, Pinder DK. The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;12:CD003162. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25485940Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Neurology: References1. Neuhauser HK, Radtke A, von Brevern M, et al. Burden of dizziness and vertigo in the community. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:2118-24. [PMID: 18955641] Google Scholar2. Kim JS, Zee DS. Clinical practice. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1138-47. [PMID: 24645946] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA (A.C., A.V.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 March 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 6Page: JC10KeywordsDrugsExerciseNeurologyOtorhinolaryngologyRisk managementSystematic reviewsVertigo ePublished: 17 March 2015 Issue Published: 17 March 2015 CopyrightCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Fatal acute immune haemolytic anaemia caused by nalidixic acid.
Authors: O Tafani, M Mazzoli, G Landini, B Alterini
Journal: BMJ (1982)

clinical lecturer in surgery Pleurisy and pulmonary granulomas after treatment with acebutolol Many patients currently take beta-blockers to control hypertension or angina and such medication is often continued for years.Side effects are uncommon but reports of ocular, cutaneous, and serosal damage led to the withdrawal of the cardioselective beta-blocker practolol from long-term use.We report a case in which treatment with acebutolol was followed by recurrent attacks of pleurisy neces- sitating withdrawal of the drug. Case reportA 47-year-old woman presented with a three-month history of inter- mittent pleuritic chest pain.The bouts of pain each lasted a few days but the site varied; for the last two weeks she had had a non-productive cough.She was not short of breath and was otherwise well with no previous history of respiratory disease.Two years before, she had been found to be hypertensive and had taken acebutolol (200 mg daily) and xipamide (20 mg daily)
A Network Partition Algorithm for Mining Gene Functional Modules of Colon Cancer from DNA Microarray Data
Authors: Xiao-Gang Ruan, Jin-Lian Wang, Jian-Geng Li
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

Abstract Computational analysis is essential for transforming the masses of microarray data into a mechanistic understanding of cancer. Here we present a method for finding gene functional modules of cancer from microarray data and have applied it to colon cancer. First, a colon cancer gene network and a normal colon tissue gene network were constructed using correlations between the genes. Then the modules that tended to have a homogeneous functional composition were identified by splitting up the network. Analysis of both networks revealed that they are scale-free. Comparison of the gene functional modules for colon cancer and normal tissues showed that the modules’ functions changed with their structures.
Pfizer ordered to pay $103m over hormone drugs and breast cancer
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Pfizer, the world’s largest drug company, was ordered to pay $103m (£62m; €68m) in punitive damages to two women this week. The women said they had developed breast cancer after using hormone drugs made by Wyeth and Pharmacia & Upjohn, which are now Pfizer subsidiaries.

Pfizer spokesman Chris Loder sent the BMJ the company’s statement saying that it will challenge the verdicts against it.

In November a Philadelphia jury decided that the oestrogen-progestogen drug Prempro, sold by Wyeth, caused breast cancer in Connie Barton of Peoria, Illinois, and awarded her $3.7m. Her case is …
Mapping the binding-site crevice of the dopamine D2 receptor by the substituted-cysteine accessibility method
Authors: Jonathan A Javitch, Dingyi Fu, Jiayun Chen, Arthur Karlin
Journal: Neuron (1995)

The binding site of the dopamine D2 receptor, like that of other homologous G protein-coupled receptors, is contained within a water-accessible crevice formed among its seven membrane-spanning segments. We have developed a method to map systematically all the residues forming the surface of this binding-site crevice, and we have applied this method to the third membrane-spanning segment (M3). We mutated, one at a time, 23 residues in and flanking M3 to cysteine and expressed the mutant receptors heterologously. Ten of these mutants reacted with charged, hydrophilic, lipophobic, sulfhydryl-specific reagents, added extracellularly, and were protected from reaction by a reversible dopamine antagonist. Thus, the side chains of these residues are exposed in the binding-site crevice, which like M3 extends from the extracellular to the intracellular side of the membrane. The pattern of exposure is consistent with a short loop followed by six turns of an alpha helix.
Economics and Efficacy in Choosing Oral Anticoagulants or Aspirin After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John A. Cairns
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Long-term antithrombotic therapy with oral anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents for survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is widely prescribed and has been evaluated in many clinical trials.<sup>1</sup>An overview in 1970<sup>2</sup>suggested a modest benefit of anticoagulation therapy, but—although oral anticoagulants have been widely used in some European countries—their use in North America is limited. More recently, the Sixty Plus,<sup>3</sup>Warfarin Re-infarct Study,<sup>4</sup>and the Anticoagulants in the Secondary Prevention of Events in Coronary Thrombosis (ASPECT)<sup>5</sup>trials have all shown statistically significant reductions of clinically important vascular outcomes by anticoagulant treatment compared with placebo. See also p 925. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, van Bergen et al<sup>6</sup>report on an economic analysis of anticoagulant treatment in the Netherlands that exemplifies the rather unusual win-win situation of increased efficacy and reduced cost. The ASPECT study randomized 3404 patients within 6 weeks of their AMIs to
815-3 Long-term survivors of cardiogenic shock enjoy good functional capacity, and a strategy of early revascularization is protective against functional class deterioration and death
Authors: Krishnan Ramanathan, Lynn A Sleeper, Michael H Picard, Harvey D White, Thierry H LeJemtel, Vladimir Dzavik, Deborah Tormey, Nancy E Avis, Judith S Hochman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Targeted disruption of the beta-chemokine receptor CCR1 protects against pancreatitis-associated lung injury.
Authors: C Gerard, J L Frossard, M Bhatia, A Saluja, N P Gerard, B Lu, M Steer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

beta-Chemokines and their receptors mediate the trafficking and activation of a variety of leukocytes including the lymphocyte and macrophage. An array of no less than eight beta-chemokine receptors has been identified, four of which are capable of recognizing the chemokines MIP1alpha and RANTES. Genetic deletion of one of the MIP1alpha and RANTES receptors, CCR5, is associated with protection from infection with HIV-1 in humans, while deletion of the ligand MIP1alpha protects against Coxsackie virus-associated myocarditis. In this report we show that the deletion of another receptor for MIP1alpha and RANTES, the CCR1 receptor, is associated with protection from pulmonary inflammation secondary to acute pancreatitis in the mouse. The protection from lung injury is associated with decreased levels of TNF-alpha in a temporal sequence indicating that the activation of the CCR1 receptor is an early event in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
Effect of Psychological Stress on Human Growth Hormone Response to Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Normal Controls
Authors: Hajime Tamai, Masahiro Esaki, Kohichiro Takeno, Sunao Matsubayashi, Tetsuya Nakagawa, Michael C. Okimura, Robert M. Walter, Jr., Lindy F. Kumagai
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

Human growth hormone (hGH) responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were investigated in normal subjects under psychological stress. Fifteen subjects (4 men and 11 women), whose ages ranged from 19 to 22 years, were studied. The mirror-drawing test (MDT) was performed to induce psychological stress. Plasma hGH and prolactin (PRL) were determined serially before, during and after the following tests: TRH alone (500 µg synthetic TRH i.v. bolus), MDT alone, and TRH with MDT. The changes in hGH concentrations with MDT alone were not significant. The hGH response to TRH alone also showed no remarkable change; however, hGH responses to TRH combined with MDT were significantly higher than the responses to TRH alone. PRL did not respond with MDT alone but responded significantly with the other two tests. Thus there was a divergence in hGH and PRL secretion to TRH and psychological stress. Significant increases in hGH secretion were observed only when TRH and psychological stress were combined as stimuli.
Continuous vs. Discontinuous Therapy with Penicillin
Authors: Harry Eagle, Ralph Fleischman, Mina Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THERE is a considerable body of experimental evidence that the therapeutic action of penicillin rests in large part on its direct bactericidal action, and that the factor that primarily determines its therapeutic efficacy is the total time for which the drug remains at effective levels at the focus of infection.1 2 3 4 Thus, the number of streptococci or pneumococci surviving in an intramuscular focus in mice after an injection of aqueous sodium penicillin G was found to decrease rapidly only so long as the penicillin remained at effective levels.3 , 4 Extremely large doses, providing concentrations greatly in excess of the effective level, were . . .
Brain F-18 Fluorocholine PET/CT for the Assessment of Optic Pathway Glioma in Neurofibromatosis-1
Authors: Francesco Roselli, Nicola M. Pisciotta, Maria S. Aniello, Artor Niccoli-Asabella, Giovanni Defazio, Paolo Livrea, Giuseppe Rubini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 22-year-old man diagnosed with neurofibromatosis-I was admitted to the neurology department because of progressive hemianopsia and chronic headache. Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and F-18 fluorocholine revealed a splenial mass with imaging features compatible with malignant astrocytoma. At follow-up examination, the sharp decrease in F-18 fluorocholine uptake and in choline/creatine ratio supported a conservative management. Molecular imaging of optic pathway gliomas may be a valuable tool in the selection of therapeutic options.
Generalized eruptive histiocytoma in an infant with healing in summer: long-term follow-up
Authors: L. Misery, J. Kanitakis, C. Hermier, F. Cambazard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Generalized eruptive histiocytoma in an infant with healing in summer: long‐term follow‐up Get access L. Misery, L. Misery Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Nord, 42055 Saint‐Etienne cedex 2, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kanitakis, J. Kanitakis Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, FranceE‐mail: laurent.misery@univ‐st‐etienne.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Hermier, C. Hermier Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, FranceE‐mail: laurent.misery@univ‐st‐etienne.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Cambazard F. Cambazard Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Nord, 42055 Saint‐Etienne cedex 2, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 435–437, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04054.x Published: 01 February 2001
Abstract 5393: Regression of a human T-cell leukemia lacking the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene without toxicity of 6-thioguanine (6TG) by pretreatment with methylthioadenosine (MTA)
Authors: Joseph R. Bertino, Nadine Johnson-Farley, Raymond P. Perez, Adam Lubin, Martin Lubin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The MTAP gene, at chromosomal locus 9p21, is frequently co-deleted with p16, especially in T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemias, mesotheliomas, gliomas, lung and pancreatic carcinomas, and sarcomas. In normal cells, MTAP cleaves MTA to adenine and 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate, which are converted to adenine nucleotides and methionine. We previously showed that mice are protected from 6TG toxicity by preadministration of MTA, generating adenine and blocking conversion of 6TG to its nucleotide. (Lubin M, Lubin A. 2009: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. Abstract LB-29; Selective Killing of Tumors Deficient in Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase: A Novel Strategy: PLoS One, ePub May 29, 2009). We now demonstrate that MTA completely protects mice bearing MTAP-negative CEM-CCRF human T-cell leukemia from 6TG toxicity while the tumor remains responsive. Following two small pilot studies, 24 NOD-SCID mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 million CEM cells; when tumor size reached 500 cubic mm, mice were randomized to 4 groups of 6 animals. All mice treated with vehicle or MTA alone were sacrificed on day 14 because of tumor size; MTA showed no toxicity. Animals treated with 6TG (75 mg/kg), on days 1, 4, 7, had marked tumor regression but died of toxicity by day 12. However, animals treated with MTA (100 mg/kg) followed one hour later by 6TG (75 mg/kg) had complete tumor regression by day 14, and no weight loss; but tumor recurred in all animals by day 24. While further optimization of dose and schedule is needed, these studies clearly show that marked tumor regression can be obtained without toxicity in tumors lacking MTAP, by competitively inhibiting 6TG conversion to nucleotides. As MTA has been given safely to humans, we are planning clinical trials using this strategy in patients with tumors lacking MTAP. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5393.