tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Flexible endoscopic Zenker’s diverticulotomy: cap-assisted technique vs. diverticuloscope-assisted technique
Authors: G. Costamagna, F. Iacopini, A. Tringali, M. Marchese, C. Spada, P. Familiari, M. Mutignani, A. Bella
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de "Traitement endoscopique du diverticule de Zenker: le choix des armes", pp. 141, 131, 137, 146Endoscopy 2007; 39(02): 193-193DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306914
Factors of accuracy of transient elastography (fibroscan) for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Damien Lucidarme, Juliette Foucher, Brigitte Le Bail, Julien Vergniol, Laurent Castera, Clotilde Duburque, Gérard Forzy, Bernard Filoche, Patrice Couzigou, Victor de Lédinghen
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of success rate and interquartile range on the accuracy of transient elastography for the diagnostic of fibrosis in hepatitis C virus infection. Two-hundred fifty-four consecutive patients had liver stiffness measurements and liver biopsy of at least 15 mm. Discordances of at least two stages between transient elastography and histological assessment were observed in 28 cases (11%). Factors of discordance were assessed by comparing the 28 misclassified cases with the 226 others. In multivariate analysis, fibrosis stage (F0-F2 versus F3-F4) and the ratio interquartile range/median value of liver stiffness measurement (IQR/M) were associated with discordances (P <or= 0.05). The most significantly discriminant cutoff value was 0.21. For IQR/M < 0.21 versus IQR/M >or= 0.21, discordances of at least two stages of fibrosis were respectively observed in 10 of 135 cases (7.4%) versus 18 of 119 cases (15.1%) (P <or= 0.05). In patients with IQR/M >or= 0.21 versus IQR/M < 0.21, for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis F >or= 2, F >or= 3, F = 4, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) were 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.89) versus 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.90), (P = NS); 0.80 (95% CI, 0.72-0.88) versus 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83-0.95) (P = 0.04); and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.77-0.94) versus 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92-0.99) (P = NS). No association was found between success rate and discordance.IQR/M is a factor of overestimation of liver fibrosis, and the most discriminant cutoff value is 0.21. Success rate is not a factor of accuracy for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.
Fatal intrathoracic sepsis associated with neck space infection.
Authors: M Zaltzman, J Kallenbach, M Hockman, R C Morrison, M Lewis, S Zwi
Journal: Thorax (1983)

The authors present a rare case of perforated duodenal diverticulum diagnosed in an 80-year-old Caucasian woman with vomiting and abdominal pain localised to the epigastrium. CT scan showed thickening of the second portion of the duodenum with retroperitoneal fat stranding and perihepatic free fluid, with a presumptive diagnosis of a duodenal perforation. A laparotomy was performed which showed a perforated diverticulum in the second portion of the duodenum. A diverticulectomy with single-layer closure was performed, without complications. The postoperative course was uneventful.
Biliary tract disease in aids: Aids vs. nonaids
Authors: Douglas Simon, Lawrence J. Brandt
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed in twenty-six AIDS patients to evaluate either abdominal pain suggestive of biliary tract disease, fever, serum alkaline phosphatase elevation, or a combination of these findings. Twenty patients (77%) had abnormal cholangiograms and four distinct patterns were identified: (1) papillary stenosis (n = 3); (2) sclerosing cholangitis (n = 4); (3) sclerosing cholangitis with papillary stenosis (n = 10); and (4) long extrahepatic bile duct strictures (n = 3). Ampullary biopsy and culture identified an AIDS-related pathogen (CMV, MAI and cryptosporidium) or malignancy (lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma) in eleven patients (55%). No features differentiated patients with normal from patients with abnormal cholangiograms. Noninvasive biiary tract imaging studies (CT, ultrasound), however, showed ductal dilation in 75% of patients with abnormal cholangiograms compared with 16% in those with normal cholangiograms (p <0.001). Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) in 12 patients with either papillary stenosis or the combination of sclerosing cholangitis and papillary stenosis produced a significant reduction in right upper abdominal pain, although serum alkaline phosphatase continued to increase (mean follow-up = 3.9 months). Ten of the 12 patients undergoing ES had sclerosing cholangitis, perhaps explaining this lack of response of the serum alkaline phosphatase. Of the 12 patients who had ES, five died of AIDS-related complications within nine months of the procedure (a mean of 4.8 months), four were lost to follow-up by four months, and three were alive at 12 months. Of the eight patients who did not have ES, five were alive at one to six months and three died within five months (mean 1.7 months) after the procedure. This paper expands our knowledge of biliary tract abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals and suggests that ES may improve biliary tract associated abdominal pain.
White Hand: Raynaud Phenomenon or Leprosy?
Authors: W. Barrett Benny
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 January 1991White Hand: Raynaud Phenomenon or Leprosy?W. Barrett Benny, MDW. Barrett Benny, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-1-97_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:I would like to point out several inaccuracies in Dr. Irwin J. Schatz's review (1) of a book by Jay D. Coffman entitledRaynaud's Phenomenon. In his review, Dr. Schatz refers to a passage in the Old Testament that he thinks might represent the first recorded description of Raynaud phenomenon. The passage quoted is not from Exodus XII, but from Exodus IV (verse 6): "And the Lord commanded him [Moses] to place his hand into his bosom and when he withdrew it, lo it was white as snow." In this particular instance, the "hand" that turned "white"...Reference1. Schatz I. Raynaud's Phenomenon. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:563-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: W. Barrett Benny, MDAffiliations: Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBIBLIOGRAPHY OF SECONDARY SOURCES ON THE HISTORY OF DERMATOLOGY. 1 January 1991Volume 114, Issue 1 Page: 97-98 Keywords Leprosy Raynaud syndrome ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Vaginal Biology and the Douche
Authors: Harold A. Kaminetzky
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  The idea that the vagina needs regular cleansing douches seems to rest on psychological rather than physiological grounds. From our knowledge of the anatomic and physiological facts it is clear that the vagina is well adapted to take care of itself. In fact, douching, especially with highly medicated solutions, may upset the balance. Over the years, there has evolved the notion that feminine hygiene can be achieved only by artificial means. The purpose of this paper is to challenge that concept and indicate when the vaginal douche can be of value.  The vaginal walls are lined by squamous epithelium. At the menarche, under the influence of estrogen, the epithelium becomes many layers thick and remains so until after the menopause, when there is a reduction in the number of layers. In adult women prior to the menopause, the vaginal walls are arranged in longitudinal columns and transverse
THE RELATION OF LEUKOSIS TO SARCOMA OF CHICKENS
Authors: J. Furth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

Osteochondrosarcoma developed in a chicken inoculated with leukosis of Strain 2. In successive passages made by intramuscular implantation of tumor tissue deriving from this chicken there occurred (a) osteochondrosarcoma free from leukosis, or (b) leukosis free from osteochondrosarcoma, or (c) osteochondrosarcoma in association with leukosis. The malignant sarcoma cells of this strain have the morphological characteristics of osteoblasts. Implantation of tumor tissue from chickens with lesions (a) and (c) yielded both osteochondrosarcoma and leukosis. Successive passages made by intravenous and intramuscular injections with blood from chickens with leukosis yielded leukosis only. Hence it is very probable that Strain 12 consists of a mixture of an osteochondrosarcoma-producing agent and the agent of leukosis of Strain 2. Strain 12 is readily transmitted by material containing the living malignant osteoblasts but transmission is seldom successful with virus freed from living cells. This virus produces neoplasms only when brought in contact with bone or cartilage.
Diabetes in a Northern Minnesota Chippewa Tribe: Prevalence and incidence of diabetes and incidence of major complications, 1986–1988
Authors: Stephen J Rith-Najarian, Sarah E Valway, Dorothy M Gohdes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Objective— To determine the prevalence and incidence of diabetes, and the incidence of major diabetic complications, in a Chippewa Indian population. Research Design and Methods— The format was a longitudinal population study that used active community and health center–based surveillance. The setting was a North American Indian reservation community of 4075 residents, served by an IHS clinic from 1986 to 1988. Patients were American Indians of Chippewa descent living on or near the Red Lake Reservation. Results— Midway through the study, 346 people had been diagnosed with diabetes, which yielded an age- and sex-adjusted point prevalence of 148/1000 population. The adjusted rate for individuals ≥25 yr of age was 252/1000 population, 3.82 times the U.S. rate (CI 2.95–4.93). Some 97 new cases of diabetes were identified for an age- and sex-adjusted average annual incidence of 17/1000 population. The incidence of hospitalization for LEA was 26/1000 diabetic person-yr, 4.3 times the 1978 U.S. rate (95% CI 2.8–6.8). Twelve individuals developed proliferative retinopathy, for an incidence of 12/1000 diabetic person-yr. Newly diagnosed ESRD incidence was 6/1000 diabetic person-yr. Twenty-three acute myocardial infarctions were observed, yielding an incidence of 22/1000 diabetic person-yr. Conclusions— Diabetes and its complications are prevalent in this Chippewa population, and further surveillance is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention efforts.
Role of myocardial ATP-sensitive potassium channels in mediating preconditioning in the dog heart and their possible interaction with adenosine A1-receptors.
Authors: G J Grover, P G Sleph, S Dzwonczyk
Journal: Circulation (1992)

A brief period of myocardial ischemia can result in an increased resistance to subsequent, more severe episodes of ischemia. Recent studies have indicated that activation of adenosine A1-receptors may mediate this preconditioning effect. It is also known that A1-activation can lead to ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opening via a G(i) protein-mediated effect. Thus, we determined whether the KATP blocker glyburide could abolish preconditioning or the protective effects of A1-receptor activation.Anesthetized dogs were subjected to 5 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) occlusion (or sham) followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion. The hearts were then subjected to 60 minutes of LCx occlusion and 5 hours of reperfusion. Glyburide (5 micrograms/kg/min) or vehicle was given directly into the LCx 20 minutes before preconditioning or sham preconditioning. Preconditioning resulted in a significantly reduced infarct size compared with nonpreconditioned animals. Glyburide abolished the protective effect of preconditioning. To establish a link between KATP and A1-receptor activation, the effect of the A1-agonist R-PIA with or without glyburide on infarct size was determined. R-PIA (0.4 microgram/kg/min, directly into the LCx) significantly reduced infarct size, and this protective effect was abolished by glyburide. None of the treatments described above had a significant effect on peripheral hemodynamic status or myocardial blood flow.Preconditioning may be mediated by KATP activation, and this may be linked to A1-receptor stimulation.
The erythrocyte as instigator of inflammation. Generation of amidated C3 by erythrocyte adenosine deaminase.
Authors: M K Hostetter, G M Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Myocardial ischemia is characterized by the liberation of adenosine and by complement-mediated inflammation. We have reported that amidated C3, formed when ammonia (NH3) disrupts the thiolester bond of C3, serves as an alternative pathway convertase, generates C5b-9, and stimulates phagocytic oxidative metabolism. We investigated whether the deamination of adenosine by adenosine deaminase in hematopoietic cells might liberate sufficient ammonia to form amidated C3 and thereby trigger complement-mediated inflammation at ischemic sites. In the presence of 4 mM adenosine, NH3 production per erythrocyte (RBC) was equal to that per neutrophil (PMN) (3.3 X 10(-15) mol/cell per h). Because RBC outnumber PMN in normal blood by a thousandfold, RBC are the major source of NH3 production in the presence of adenosine. NH3 production derived only from the deamination of adenosine by the enzyme adenosine deaminase and was abolished by 0.4 microM 2'-deoxycoformycin, a specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase. When purified human C3 was incubated with 5 X 10(8) human RBC in the presence of adenosine, disruption of the C3 thiolester increased more than twofold over that measured in C3 incubated with buffer, or in C3 incubated with RBC (P less than 0.05). The formation of amidated C3 was abolished by the preincubation of RBC with 2'-deoxycoformycin (P less than 0.001). Amidated C3 elicited statistically significant release of superoxide, myeloperoxidase, and lactoferrin from PMN. Thus, the formation of amidated C3 by RBC deamination of adenosine triggers a cascade of complement-mediated inflammatory reactions.
Surgical salvage following stereotactic body radiotherapy for early-stage NSCLC
Authors: Z. Allibhai, B.C.J. Cho, M. Taremi, S. Atallah, A. Hope, D. Hwang, S. Keshavjee, M. Tsao, K. Yasufuku, S-W. Kim, A. Bezjak
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

An earlier study demonstrated a significantly decreased level of CD103+CD4+/CD4+ in radiographic stage I sarcoidosis compared with healthy controls and significantly elevated levels in radiographic stage II/III sarcoidosis [5].We found no significant differences in CD103+CD4+/CD4+ levels between the two radiographically staged groups in our study.s-ACE is an important marker of sarcoidosis with high sensitivity but low specificity.A polymorphism in the ACE gene affects normal s-ACE concentration [8].A homozygotic deletion in the promoter resulted in high levels of s-ACE (59.8 versus 32.2 U?L -1 for the homozygous insertion allele; p,0.0001) in a north German population [8].Screening for this polymorphism is not common practice; however, the use of genotype-corrected normal ranges may increase the value of this parameter in the diagnosis and follow-up of sarcoidosis.The combinations of CD103+CD4+/CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and lymphocyte percentages that were tested in this study showed limited diagnostic value in this unselected group of sarcoidosis patients.Previously proposed criteria based on combinations of CD103+CD4+/CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ had a lower sensitivity in this study than previously reported.s-ACE is an established marker of sarcoidosis and is the most useful of the markers that were investigated in this study.Sarcoidosis is a disease with several phenotypes, which complicates the search for useful diagnostic markers.There remains an unmet need for new improved methods to support diagnosis when there is suspicion of sarcoidosis.
Drugs taken by mothers in the puerperium: inpatient survey in Northern Ireland.
Authors: C M Passmore, J C McElnay, P F D'Arcy
Journal: BMJ (1984)

In an inpatient survey the medication records of 2004 mothers both breast and bottle feeding were examined and the drugs taken in the early postnatal period recorded. No notable differences existed between the types of drugs prescribed for breast feeding and bottle feeding mothers. Iron, vitamins, and mild analgesics were taken routinely by the population, and antibiotics, laxatives, and hypnotics were frequently prescribed. A wide range of other drugs and preparations were taken or used. Although data were available for some of the drugs, there were many whose concentrations in breast milk and potential risk to the suckling infant were unknown. Data are urgently required on hypnotics, narcotic analgesics, antiemetics, antihistaminics, and some antimicrobial agents with respect to their concentrations in breast milk and their safety for the suckling infant.
THE ANEMIA OF INFECTION. VII. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FREE ERYTHROCYTE PROTOPORPHYRIN, TOGETHER WITH SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE MEANING OF THE “EASILY SPLIT-OFF” IRON 1
Authors: M. Grinstein, José A. Silva, Maxwell M. Wintrobe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

Studies in this laboratory (1) on the anemia ac- companying infection have indicated that there is associated with such anemia a disturbance in the metabolism of porphyrins.The amount of free protoporphyrin in the erythrocytes has been found to be increased and the excretion of copro- porphyrin in the urine is greater than normal.The present report deals with studies designed to investigate the significance of the free proto- porphyrin in the erythrocytes.The presence of free protoporphyrin in the erythrocytes (EP) was reported in 1928 by van den Bergh and Hyman (2).Grotepass (3) and subsequently Watson, Grinstein and Hawkinson (4) demonstrated that the free protoporphyrin in erythrocytes is identical with the protoporphyrin in hemoglobin; namely, protoporphyrin 9, type III.Seggel (5) concluded that the protoporphy- rin resides in erythrocytes which exhibit red fluorescence in ultraviolet light.He named such cells fluorescytes and regarded them as being either reticulocytes or adult erythrocytes contain- ing porphyrin.Seggel suggested that free proto- porphyrin represents an intermediate, compound in the synthesis of hemoglobin.He presented evidence that the fluorescytes are increased as a re- sult of iron deficiency or as a consequence of other disturbances of hemoglobin synthesis (5).Watson and Clarke (6) observed upon centri- fuging different samples of blood that the upper layer of the packed cells, which is richer in reticu- locytes, showed a much higher content of proto-
Liver Transplantation in HIV-Seropositive Individuals
Authors: Ronald L. Koretz, Timothy O. Lipman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters7 February 2006Liver Transplantation in HIV-Seropositive IndividualsRonald L. Koretz, MD and Timothy O. Lipman, MDRonald L. Koretz, MDFrom Olive View–University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, CA 91342, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422.Search for more papers by this author and Timothy O. Lipman, MDFrom Olive View–University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, CA 91342, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-3-200602070-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Ragni and colleagues for clarifying the prospective nature of their study (1). This was not apparent to us from their Methods section, which stated that “24 subjects with HIV infection and [end-stage liver disease] who fulfilled standard listing criteria for liver transplantation underwent [orthotopic liver transplantation] at 5 institutions.”Dr. Ragni and colleagues state that there were no differences between the MELD scores of their patients and those of the patients who were HIV-seronegative. However, in the accompanying editorial (2), Dr. Fishman cited a 2002 report by the United Network for Organ Sharing that indicated ...References1. Ragni MV, Belle SH, Im K, Neff G, Roland M, Stock P, et al. Survival of human immunodeficiency virus-infected liver transplant recipients. J Infect Dis. 2003;188:1412-20. [PMID: 14624365] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Fishman JA. Transplantation for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: no longer experimental but not yet routine [Editorial]. J Infect Dis. 2003;188:1405-11. [PMID: 14624364] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ronald L. Koretz, MD; Timothy O. Lipman, MDAffiliations: From Olive View–University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, CA 91342, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUpdate in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ronald L. Koretz and Timothy O. Lipman Liver Transplantation in HIV-Seropositive Individuals Margaret V. Ragni , Steven H. Belle , KyungAh Im , John Fung , Guy Neff , Michelle Roland , Peter Stock , Nigel Heaton , and Abhi Humar Metrics 7 February 2006Volume 144, Issue 3Page: 223-224KeywordsConflicts of interestHIVHIV infectionsHealth careHealth care utilizationLiver diseasesLiver transplantationOrgan transplantationOrthotopic liver transplantationTransplantation ePublished: 7 February 2006 Issue Published: 7 February 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Static Intrinsic PEEP in COPD Patients during Spontaneous Breathing
Authors: ANDREA PURRO, LORENZO APPENDINI, ANTONIO PATESSIO, SILVIO ZANABONI, MARTA GUDJONSDOTTIR, ANDREA ROSSI, CLAUDIO F. DONNER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) is routinely determined under static conditions by occluding the airway at end-expiration (PEEPi,st). This procedure may be difficult in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during spontaneous breathing, as both expiratory muscle activity and increased respiratory frequency often occur. To overcome these problems, we tested the hypothesis that the difference between maximum airway opening (MIP) and maximum esophageal (Ppl max) pressures, obtained with a Mueller maneuver from the end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), can accurately measure PEEPi,st. Using this method, we found that, in eight ventilator-dependent tracheostomized COPD patients (age 71+/-7 yr), PEEPi,st averaged 13.0+/-2.9 cm H2O. That measurement was validated by comparison with a reference static PEEPi (PEEPi,st-Ref) taken at the same EELV adopted by patients during spontaneous breathing, and measured on the passive quasi-static pressure-volume (P/V) curve of the respiratory system, obtained during mechanical ventilation. PEEPi,st-Ref averaged 13.1+/-3.0 cm H2O, i.e., a value essentially equal to PEEPi,st measured by means of our technique. We conclude that PEEPi,st can be accurately assessed in spontaneous breathing COPD patients by the difference between MIP and Ppl max during the Mueller maneuver.
Menopausal hot flushes and sweats persist longer than thought, study finds
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Frequent menopausal vasomotor symptoms, including hot flushes and night sweats, persisted longer than seven years during the transition to menopause in more than half of women taking part in a large US study, results published in JAMA Internal Medicine have shown.1

The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation is a multiethnic observational study of the menopausal transition in 3302 women, funded by the National Institutes of Health. Participants were followed up from February 1996 to April 2013 for a …