tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P67. Targeted natural killer (NK) cell based adoptive immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radiochemotherapy (RCT) – clinical application of NK cells activated by heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)
Authors: HM Specht, J Pelzel, H Hautmann, RM Huber, B Schossow, M Molls, G Multhoff
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Membrane-bound Hsp70 serves as a recognition structure for NK cells that were pre-stimulated with Hsp70 peptide TKD plus low dose IL-2 in vitro and in mouse models. In a clinical phase I trial feasibility, safety and tolerability of ex vivo TKD/IL-2 stimulated autologous NK cells
FURTHER EXAMINATION OF DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN SCHIZOPHRENIC ILLNESS AND PSYCHOSES OF INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: J. LOUISE DESPERT, ALBERT C. SHERWIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

1. With the exception of degenerative and epileptic psychoses, there exists in the literature a tendency to group together psychoses of infancy and early childhood, which may represent different illness processes, or to differentiate between them in accordance with concepts which are difficult to apply clinically. 2. Autistic defenses are generally characteristic of these psychoses. But this does not justify a failure to differentiate between types which can be distinguished clinically. Such differentiation would appear advisable until knowledge concerning etiology increases. 3. It is suggested that the diagnosis of "autistic psychosis" be applied only to cases meeting Kanner's criteria of early infantile autism. 4. The diagnosis of "schizophrenic illness" should be applied to cases with onset after age one and with a picture characterized principally by loss of affective contact with reality and autistic thinking. 5. Psychoses in children with retarded motor development, or in whom intellectual performance, although atypical for any age level, is below normal functioning in all areas, would best be classified for the present in a separate group as psychoses in mentally defective children. 6. With the exception of rarely occurring affective psychoses in this age group, and with the exception of organic and epileptic psychoses, most psychoses of infancy and early childhood will meet the criteria of one of these types. Cases characteristic of 3 types have been presented. 7. The degree of impairment of communication present in these psychoses constitutes a significant prognostic factor.
Development of γG, γA, γM, β1C/β1A, C′1 esterase inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, α1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, β-lipoprotein, α2-macroglobulin, and prealbumin in the human conceptus
Authors: David Gitlin, Anita Biasucci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The synthesis of gammaG, gammaA, gammaM, beta(1C)/beta(1A), C'1 esterase inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, beta-lipoprotein, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and prealbumin was studied in 15 normal human embryos and fetuses of 29 days to 18 wk gestation and in the yolk sacs of four embryos from 5.5 to 11.5 wk gestation using tissue culture in (14)C-labeled amino acids followed by radioimmunoelectrophoresis. The human embryo as early as 29 day gestation synthesized beta(1C)/beta(1A), C'1 esterase inhibitor, transferrin, hemopexin, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, beta-lipoprotein, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and prealbumin in culture. At 32 days gestation ceruloplasmin and orosomucoid were also synthesized, but synthesis of fibrinogen was not observed before 5.5 wk. Synthesis of gammaM occurred as early as 10.5 wk gestation, and gammaG synthesis was found in cultures as early as 12 wk gestation; gammaA synthesis was not detected in any of the tissue cultures. With the exception of the gamma-globulins, each of the proteins studied was synthesized by the liver, but additional sites of synthesis for some of these proteins were also found. Synthesis of gammaG and gammaM occurred primarily in the spleen, but other sites of synthesis were noted as well. Changes in the concentrations of most of these proteins and plasminogen in embryonic and fetal serum from 5.5 to 41 wk gestation, in amniotic fluid from 6.5 to 38 wk gestation, and in the sera of neonates during the 1st 3 wk postpartum are described. Although gammaA, gammaM, ceruloplasmin, or haptoglobin were not detectable in some of the embryonic and fetal sera, gammaA and ceruloplasmin were both present as early as 6.5 wk gestation, haptoglobin by 9.5 wk gestation, and gammaM by 17 wk gestation. Each of the other proteins were present in all of the sera examined.
The CD27 and CD70 Costimulatory Pathway Inhibits Effector Function of T Helper 17 Cells and Attenuates Associated Autoimmunity
Authors: Jonathan M. Coquet, Sabine Middendorp, Gerda van der Horst, Jop Kind, Elise A.M. Veraar, Yanling Xiao, Heinz Jacobs, Jannie Borst
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Therapeutic Decisions for Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pelvis
Authors: Jinchun Yan, Robin L. Jones, David H. Lewis, Janet F. Eary
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The decision to give neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized high-risk soft tissue sarcoma is often based on tumor grade evaluated from biopsies, but biopsies can have the inherent issue of sampling bias. Incorporation of SUVmax and heterogeneity assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT could be other crucial components in the effort to tailor treatment to an individual patient, providing valuable parameters to guide the selection of the most appropriate management schedule for an individual. We present 1 representative case describing how FDG PET/CT can assist in clinical management decisions for treatment of malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the pelvis.
Early-Morning Hyperglycemia in IDDM: Acute Effects of Cholinergic Blockade
Authors: Jameel A Atiea, Finuala Creagh, Michael Page, David R Owens, Maurice F Scanlon, John R Peters
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects has been shown to be causally related to early-morning hyperglycemia. We studied the effect of nocturnal GH suppression on acute glycemic control in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion (0.075 mU · kg−1 · min−1). In control experiments (infusion of insulin alone), plasma glucose increased from 5.6 ± 0.6 mM at 2400 to 11.1 ± 1.3 mM at 0900 (P = .0024). When in addition the cholinergic muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine wasgiven (100 mg at 2200 and again at 2400), plasma glucose increased from 5.6 ± 0.3 mM at 2400 to 8.4 ± 1.4 mM at 0900 (P &amp;gt; .05). The nocturnal surges of GH that were demonstrated in all patients during the control nights were suppressed during the treatment nights. There were no significant changes in insulin, cortisol, orepinephrine concentrations. Mean glucagon and norepinephrine concentrations were reduced from 127 ± 2.7 ng/L and 8.7 ± 0.5 nM to 101 ± 1.9 ng/L (P &amp;lt; .001) and 3.5 ± 0.2 nM (P &amp;lt; .001) on control and treatment nights, respectively. Neither glucagon nor norepinephrine concentrations changed significantly between 2400 and 0900 on either control or treatment nights. We conclude that nocturnal GH suppression by pirenzepine during a constant low-rate insulin infusion is associated with an attenuation of the early-morning plasma glucose rise.
OC-024 Prolonged Platelet Activation in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Abstract OC-024 Table 1
Authors: B R Disney, R Watson, A Blann, G Lip, C Tselepis, M Anderson
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a common reason for hospital admission and is associated with significant cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity and mortality. Patients who have aspirin withheld for 8 weeks following AUGIB have significantly higher rates of CVS events.<sup>1</sup> We previously demonstrated that patients with AUGIB have significantly higher levels of platelet activation during the index hospital admission.<sup>2</sup> This study aimed to assess the level of platelet activation and reactivity 12 weeks following admission for AUGIB. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients admitted to SWBH NHS Trust with AUGIB were recruited. Dyspeptic patients attending for diagnostic OGD were used as controls. To assess platelet activation citrated whole blood was incubated at room temperature with monoclonal mouse antibodies against constitutively expressed platelet marker CD42a-PerCP, and markers of platelet activation PAC1-FITC, and CD62P-APC. Incubation was terminated after 15 minutes. Samples were analysed using a FACSCalibur flow cytometer. Platelets were identified on the basis of their forward and side scatter properties and the presence of the CD42a platelet-specific marker. CD62P and PAC1 expression were measured by the percentage of platelets expressing these markers. Data are expressed as mean±SD for normally distributed parameters and median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 software. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 24 patients with AUGIB and 18 controls were recruited. Patients were age and gender matched. The mean age of the AUGIB group is 66.4 ± 18.2 years, and the control group 62.8 ± 6.1years. Significant differences were seen in all markers of platelet activation (table 1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients presenting with AUGIB have prolonged levels of platelet activation for at least 12 weeks following the index event. This phenomenon may be further prolonged and further studies are required. This may explain the excess of CVS events in AUGIB patients. In patients with high cardiovascular risk early re-introduction of aspirin should be considered. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared <h3>References</h3> Sung JJ, Lau JY, Ching JY, Wu JC, Lee YT, Chiu PW, Leung VK, Wong VW, Chan FK. Continuation of low-dose aspirin therapy in peptic ulcer bleeding: a randomised trial. Ann Intern Med. 2010 Jan 5; 152(1):1–9. Disney BR, Watson R, Blann A, Lip G, Tselepis C, Anderson M. Platelet activation in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gut 2012; 61 (Suppl 2): A361.
Mattress link to cot death ruled out
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (1998)

There is no evidence to suggest that an interaction between mould and fire retardants used in PVC and other materials used to manufacture cot mattresses causes the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

This is the conclusion reached by an expert group set up to investigate cot death theories in its final report, published this week. The group was set up in December 1994 after the transmission of The Cook Report programme on ITV. Worried parents made thousands of calls to the television network after the broadcast.

The programme investigated the …
Making Difficult Discussions Easier: Using Prognosis to Facilitate Transitions to Hospice
Authors: E. Finlay, D. Casarett
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2009)

Patients with advanced cancer face difficult decisions regarding their treatment, and many will need to make difficult choices about end-of-life care because although cancer-directed therapies are increasingly available, few provide a cure. High-quality cancer care includes access to palliative care throughout the cancer care continuum, and increasing evidence suggests that timely enrollment in hospice can increase quality of life for patients dying from cancer. Therefore, clinicians must learn to recognize patients who are hospice-eligible and to develop prognostication and communication skills that enable honest provider-patient dialogue about end-of-life options. In this article, the authors review available tools for prognostication in advanced cancer and present a method for discussing prognosis by using the SPIKES acronym. In addition, by using patient-identified goals and service needs, the authors recommend a method for making a hospice referral after disclosure of poor prognosis.
NHS introduces new patient safety agency
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Sexual violence can often be prevented if someone does something…however small. Being an ethical bystander is all about doing little things, long before we get to the point of harm. ‘Who Are You?’ is a multi-media sexual violence prevention campaign focused on what we can do to stop a possible sexual assault from happening. The campaign asks what if we: • looked after each other? • became ‘ethical’ bystanders? • took action to help keep others safe? <h3>Aim</h3> This project aims to bring key messages to the public, particularly young people to: • improve understanding of issues around consent • be empowered to help others • encourage community discussion <h3>Method</h3> The campaign was run in Wellington (New Zealand) in October 2011 and later nationally in February 2012. It utilised radio segments which link listeners to a powerful short film via the internet and invites people to take small actions to help keep others safe. The campaign is a local collaboration between a commercial radio network, sexual violence and health services, and the Police. <h3>Results</h3> Engagement with the campaign met all set targets. There were over 48 000 views of the film and over 62 000 unique visits to a dedicated website. Facebook and direct visits were the highest ranked means by which people accessed our short film. <h3>Significance/Contribution</h3> There has been interest both nationally and internationally from those working with young people in using the campaign materials, particularly the film as a prevention resource. A comprehensive training toolkit was developed to accompany the film.
THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY OCCLUSION AND OF CHOLELITHIASIS
Authors: JAMES M. FAULKNER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Until recent years, coronary occlusion has been a diagnosis made only post mortem, for the old teaching of Cohnheim that occlusion of a coronary artery always spells immediate death has dominated the minds of clinicians in spite of ample experimental and clinical evidence to the contrary. Thirty years ago, Porter<sup>1</sup>showed that ligation of a coronary artery is not necessarily fatal in dogs. This experiment has been repeated many times by subsequent workers, and it is now generally accepted that a dog may live for months after ligation of a coronary artery. In 1912, Herrick<sup>2</sup>described a group of clinical cases of coronary thrombosis presenting more or less characteristic symptoms, "in which the accident is usually fatal, but not immediately, and perhaps not necessarily so" and may be mistaken for an acute abdominal condition. The close resemblance of this irreparable cardiac injury to a surgical emergency demanding immediate
THE CYCLIC CHANGES IN THE MAMMARY GLAND UNDER NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Leo Loeb, Cora Hesselberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

1. In the pregnant guinea pig proliferation of the mammary gland becomes regular only at a later stage of pregnancy; namely, during the period following the 24th day of pregnancy. Previous to this period proliferation was absent in the majority of cases. Proliferation of the mammary gland during pregnancy becomes regular only at a period of time which exceeds the duration of the normal sexual cycle unaccompanied by pregnancy. It is probable that pregnancy as well as the presence of living deciduornata and corpora lutea increases the proliferative activity of the mammary gland as compared with the ordinary cycle in non-pregnant animals or in animals lacking corpora lutea and deciduornata. 2. After the completion of pregnancy and in the beginning of secretion some mitotic proliferation may still be present, but it soon ceases, probably as the result of those processes that lead to secretion. While during the period of secretion, notwithstanding the presence of a new pregnancy, mitotic proliferation soon ceases, some proliferative stimulus seems still to be active, which, however, under existing conditions apparently leads only to a mitotic multiplication of nuclei. The latter conclusion is only suggested at the present time and needs confirmation through further studies. 3. In cases in which abortion took place in the first half of pregnancy secretion in the gland was not established; secretion occurred in two animals aborting toward the latter part of pregnancy. In one of these cases, mitotic proliferation of some gland cells was associated with the microscopic appearances of secretion. 4. In guinea pigs castrated during an early period of pregnancy in which pregnancy continued for some time, proliferative changes were absent in the mammary gland. In conjunction with a partial similar effect observed after extirpation of the corpora lutea during pregnancy, we may perhaps attribute the lack of proliferation in some of these cases to the absence of the ovaries. 5. Extirpation of the corpora lutea during pregnancy induces a new ovulation and with it the primary proliferation in the mammary gland; abortion does not necessarily prevent these proliferative changes. Extirpation of the corpora lutea during pregnancy perhaps prevents the secondary proliferative changes in the mammary gland. 6. Five injections of cow's lutein given in relatively large quantities intraperitoneally do not produce proliferation of the mammary gland in the guinea pig.
National trends in domiciliary consultations.
Authors: R Dowie
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The 1982 report of the Review Body on Doctors' and Dentists' Remuneration' observed that fees paid to consultants by the National Health Service, of which 85% are for domiciliary consultations, amount to just over £1000 a year for each consultant.The review body asked for details about the distri- bution of these fees among specialties.This paper provides such national information and looks at some demand and supply aspects of these consultations.Data were supplied by the Department of Health and Social Security and the South East Thames Regional Health Authority. National trendsThe figure shows that the annual number of domiciliary consultations performed by all consultants in England and Wales has increased more than threefold since 1948-9.(The
The law on doctors speaking out
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Gillian Cardy, a senior clinical medical officer with Bath District Health Authority who was suspended from her duties on 16 December for speaking to the press about planned cuts in family planning services, was reinstated on 8 January after a health authority hearing. At the subsequent meeting of the health authority on 13 January a motion was passed expressing regret at the recent distressing events concerning Dr Cardy and appre? ciation for her work. She had spoken out about plans to cut back the work of family planning clinics and close well women clinics, which, she said, would lead to more unwanted pregnancies. In January last year David Josephs, director of community medicine for South Bedfordshire Health Authority, was suspended for 10 weeks pending a disciplinary hearing after he spoke to the press, and on radio and television, despite instructions from his district general manager to stay silent. Dr Josephs said that stories in the press misquoted him on proposals for schoolchildren to be given condoms to protect them from AIDS and that his subsequent talking with the press was simply an attempt to put the record straight. Dr Josephs was reinstated with a formal written warning for managerial misconduct after a disciplinary hearing that also included a charge that he had leaked a confidential paper about measures to prevent AIDS to the director of social services of the local authority and chief environmental health officers, which he said was sent to professional colleagues for comment under a covering letter marked confidential. He sought leave to appeal against the written warning to the regional health authority on the grounds that there had been a gross miscarriage of justice, but this was refused.
Role of glutathione in nitric oxide-dependent regulation of energy metabolism in rat hepatoma cells
Authors: Manabu Nishikawa, Eisuke F. Sato, Misato Kashiba, Tetsuo Kuroki, Kozo Utsumi, Masayasu Inoue
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Previous studies in this laboratory revealed that nitric oxide (NO) reversibly inhibits the respiration of isolated mitochondria and ascites hepatoma (AH-130) cells by an oxygen concentration-dependent mechanism. The inhibitory effect of NO on the respiration of AH-130 cells was enhanced by treating with digitonin that selectively permeabilized plasma membranes and released cytosolic low-molecular-weight compounds. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant cytosolic thiol that easily reacts with NO. To elucidate the mechanism by which digitonin enhanced the inhibitory action of NO, the effect of GSH and related thiols was studied with AH-130 cells and their mitochondria. The inhibitory effect of NO on the respiration of digitonin-treated cells was suppressed by either GSH, L-cysteine, or N-acetylcysteine, but not by oxidized glutathione. The inhibitory effect of NO on the respiration of their mitochondria was also decreased by GSH. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of NO was markedly enhanced with AH-130 cells obtained from animals that were pretreated with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific inhibitor for GSH synthesis. Kinetic analysis revealed that NO dose-dependently decreased GSH levels in AH-130 cells with concomitant generation of S-nitrosothiols. Although S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a slow releaser of NO, also inhibited the respiration of tumor cell mitochondria, its effect was significantly lower than that of NO. These results suggest that cellular GSH might play pivotal roles in the regulation of energy metabolism in hepatoma cells by modulating free forms of NO.
Serum Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Men: The Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study
Authors: Jyrki K. Virtanen, Jaakko Mursu, Sari Voutilainen, Matti Uusitupa, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE The relationship between fish or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and type 2 diabetes is inconclusive. Even contaminants in fish, such as mercury, may modify the effects. We investigated the associations between serum omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), hair mercury, and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older Finnish men. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2,212 men from the prospective, population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor study, aged 42-60 years and free of type 2 diabetes at baseline in 1984-1989, were investigated. Serum PUFA and hair mercury were used as biomarkers for exposure. Dietary intakes were assessed with 4-day food recording. Type 2 diabetes was assessed by self-administered questionnaires and fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test blood glucose measurement at re-examination rounds 4, 11, and 20 years after the baseline and by record linkage to hospital discharge registry and reimbursement register on diabetes medication expenses. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze associations. RESULTS During the average follow-up of 19.3 years, 422 men developed type 2 diabetes. Men in the highest versus the lowest serum EPA + DPA + DHA quartile had 33% lower multivariate-adjusted risk for type 2 diabetes (95% CI 13-49; P trend 0.01). No statistically significant associations were observed with serum or dietary ALA, dietary fish or EPA + DHA, or hair mercury. CONCLUSIONS Serum long-chain omega-3 PUFA concentration, an objective biomarker for fish intake, was associated with long-term lower risk of type 2 diabetes.