tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The I-J subregion codes for determinants on suppressor factor(s) which limit the contact sensitivity response to picryl chloride
Authors: MI Greene, A Pierres, ME Dorf, B Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

The cell-mediated immune reactivity (CMI) of mice to contact chemicals such as picryl chloride (PCI) is influenced by thymus-derived suppressor T lymphocytes (1,2). The development of these suppressor T lymphocytes is stimulated by the intravenous administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Zembala and Asherson have further demonstrated that a specific suppressor factor(s) can be detected in the supernates of cultured suppressor T cells. This factor suppresses the transfer of contact sensitivity (CS) to PCl (1,2). In experiments reported elsewhere (3), we have shown that the PCl suppressor supernates of Zembala and Asherson can also suppress the development of contact sensitivity to PCl. The immunochemical analysis of suppressor factor (SF) operative in the CS response to PCl has revealed many similar properties (3) to other suppressive moieties functioning to limit the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to dinitrophenylated-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DNP-KLH) as well as the strict antigen specificity of each respective suppressive factor, suggested that there might be a common origin of these substances. Indeed, in each case these respective factors were found to bear determinants controlled by the H-2 gene complex (4,5). Recently, in selected systems, the I-J subregion has been found to code for the Ia determinants present on suppressor cells (6) and suppressor factors (4,5). In accord with these findings, we report that antigen-specific SF which limit the CS response to PCl bear I-J determinants, implying that analogous suppressive regulatory mechanisms in CMI as well as antibody responses may be determined by genes of one subregion of the H-2 complex.
Bone Marrow Suppression After Strontium-89 Therapy and Local Radiation Therapy in Patients With Diffuse Marrow Involvement
Authors: RACHEL A. POWSNER, ANTHONY L. ZIETMAN, FRANCINE M. FOSS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Strontium-89 is routinely used for pain control in advanced skeletal metastatic disease. A common side effect of Sr-89 therapy is a mild to moderate bone marrow suppression. To avoid complications from marrow suppression, a pretreatment platelet count of >60,000/mm3 and a WBC count of >2,400/mm3 are suggested. The authors present two patients who, despite satisfying these criteria, developed profound and prolonged bone marrow suppression after therapy. The severity of this response was most likely caused by pre-existing extensive bone marrow replacement with tumor. The contribution of local radiation therapy to bone marrow suppression is presumed to be minimal. The authors recommend that pretreatment criteria for determination of elgibility for Sr-89 therapy in selected patients be expanded to include steadily decreasing blood counts, and evaluation of extent of marrow involvement by biopsy or MR imaging.
Hyperactivation of Ha-ras oncogene, but not Ink4a/Arf deficiency, triggers bladder tumorigenesis
Authors: Lan Mo, Xiaoyong Zheng, Hong-Ying Huang, Ellen Shapiro, Herbert Lepor, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Tung-Tien Sun, Xue-Ru Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Although ras is a potent mitogenic oncogene, its tumorigenicity depends on cellular context and cooperative events. Here we show that low-level expression of a constitutively active Ha-ras in mouse urothelium induces simple urothelial hyperplasia that is resistant to progression to full-fledged bladder tumors even in the absence of Ink4a/Arf. In stark contrast, doubling of the gene dosage of the activated Ha-ras triggered early-onset, rapidly growing, and 100% penetrant tumors throughout the urinary tract. Tumor initiation required superseding a rate-limiting step between simple and nodular hyperplasia, the latter of which is marked by the emergence of mesenchymal components and the coactivation of AKT and STAT pathways as well as PTEN inactivation. These results indicate that overactivation of Ha-ras is both necessary and sufficient to induce bladder tumors along a low-grade, noninvasive papillary pathway, and they shed light on the recent findings that ras activation, via point mutation, overexpression, or intensified signaling from FGF receptor 3, occurs in 70%-90% of these tumors in humans. Our results highlight the critical importance of the dosage/strength of Ha-ras activation in dictating its tumorigenicity--a mechanism of oncogene activation not fully appreciated to date. Finally, our results have clinical implications, as inhibiting ras and/or its downstream effectors, such as AKT and STAT3/5, could provide alternative means to treat low-grade, superficial papillary bladder tumors, the most common tumor in the urinary system.
The gold standard serologic marker for hepatitis B virus infectivity
Authors: Leonard B. Seeff
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

The authors tested, by molecular hybridization, for hepatitis B virus DNA in serum specimens of 182 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Greek carriers who were heterosexual partners of patients with acute hepatitis B (group A: 96 cases) or healthy subjects who were susceptible to hepatitis B (group B: 86 cases). The mean age (34.1 ± 10.4 vs. 33.9 ± 8.4 years) and the mean duration of sexual contact (6.9 ± 8.9 vs. 7.2 ± 6.3 years) were similar in the two groups of carriers. Hepatitis B virus DNA was detected significantly more frequently in group A than in group B (59.4% vs. 11.6%, p &lt; 0.001). In particular, in group A, hepatitis B virus DNA was detected in 96.9% of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and 41% of antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe)-positive carriers. In contrast, in group B, hepatitis B virus DNA was identified in only 10.8% of anti-HBe-positive carriers ( p &lt; 0.001). These differences were especially significant in the young and middle-aged carriers (16-49 years old) and during the first four years of sexual contact. These data suggest that 1) there is a positive correlation between the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and the epidemiologic evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus, 2) hepatitis B virus DNA is a better indicator of infectivity than HBeAg/anti-HBe, and 3) the detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum probably identified carriers with high infectivity and potentially higher risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus to their sexual partners.
THORAZINE AND SERPASIL TREATMENT OF PRIVATE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: FRANK J. AYD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

This paper reports the findings in the treatment of 300 nonhospitalized private psychiatric patients, 150 of whom were treated with Thorazine and 150 with Serpasil. Their illnesses were diagnosed acute and chronic psychoneuroses, schizophrenic reactions, manic-depressive reactions, senile psychoses, and character disorders. The technique of therapy, the therapeutic results, and the side- effects of these drugs are described. The psychophysiologic action of Thorazine and Serpasil as indicated by changes in the Funkenstein test pattern of patients treated with these drugs is discussed. Thorazine and Serpasil are valuable additions to the therapeutic armamenterium of the private practicing psychiatrist. Properly utilized, these drugs can: (1) increase the number of patients who may be treated in the office; (2) shorten the period of hospitalization, or make hospitalization unnecessary, thereby reducing the admissions to our overcrowded state psychiatric hospitals; (3) replace or reduce the need for electroconvulsive therapy; and (4) reduce the cost of psychiatric care.
Surgical Case-Histories from the Past
Authors: N Mamode
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Harold Ellid Royal Society of Medicine Press, £20, pp 244 ISBN 1–85315–222–6

From the Bible to the Bhagavadgita, historical narrative has formed a central part of our collective psyche. There is a sense in which stories become important precisely because they define us and our current experience, as well as our relationship with the past. Perhaps that is why Harold Ellis's collection of surgical case histories is not only an immensely enjoyable but also an important book.

There is nothing new about historical surgical texts, but this wonderfully understated presentation of some 40 intriguing histories allows the uncertainty and sense of adventure in the original descriptions to come across quite clearly. The reader is inevitably drawn into the surgeon's …
Sustained release choline theophyllinate in nocturnal asthma.
Authors: G B Rhind, J J Connaughton, J McFie, N J Douglas, D C Flenley
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Nocturnal wheeze is common in patients with asthma, and slow release theophyllines may reduce symptoms. As theophyllines are stimulants of the central nervous system the effect of 10 days9 twice daily treatment with sustained release choline theophyllinate or placebo on symptoms, overnight bronchoconstriction, nocturnal oxygen saturation, and quality of sleep were studied in a double blind crossover study in nine stable patients with nocturnal asthma (five men, four women, age range 23-64 years; forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 0.85-3.8 1; vital capacity 1.95-6.1 1). When treated with the active drug all patients had plasma theophylline concentrations of at least 28 mmol/l (5 micrograms/ml) (peak plasma theophylline concentrations 50-144 mmol/l (9-26 micrograms/ml]. Morning FEV1 was higher when treated with sustained release choline theophyllinate (2.7 (SEM 0.3) 1) than placebo (2.1 (0.3) 1) (p less than 0.01). Both daytime and nocturnal symptoms were reduced when the patients were treated with sustained release choline theophyllinate and subjective quality of sleep was improved (p less than 0.002). When treated with the active drug, however, quality of sleep determined by electroencephalography deteriorated with an increase in wakefulness and drowsiness (p less than 0.05) and a reduction in non-rapid eye movement sleep (p less than 0.005). Treatment with choline theophyllinate had no effect on either the occurrence or the severity of transient nocturnal hypoxaemic episodes or apnoeas or hypopnoeas. In conclusion, sustained release choline theophyllinate prevents overnight bronchoconstriction, but impairs quality of sleep defined by electroencephalography.
The Transformation of Diagnostic Radiology in the ACO Era
Authors: Steven E. Seltzer, Thomas H. Lee
Journal: JAMA (2014)

As health care undergoes fundamental redesign organized around increasing the value of care for populations, most of the discussion has focused on primary care and its role in managing the care of these populations. Relatively less attention has been given to specialty care population management, especially for hospital-based specialties such as diagnostic radiology. In radiology, an analysis of such a change is important and similar issues likely apply to other specialist activities as well.
Clinical features of superficial fungal infections caused by Hendersonula toruloidea and Scytalidium hyalinum
Authors: R.J. HAY, M.K. MOORE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

The clinical appearances of infections in 128 patients caused by the mould fungi Hendersonula toruloidea (102) and Scytalidium hyalinum (37) are described. All the patients originated from the tropics or subtropics but those infected with S. hyalinum came from either the Caribbean or West Africa. Forty-one per cent of those studied had a concurrent dermatophyte infection. While the clinical features of Hendersonula and Scytalidium infections resembled those seen in 'dry type' Trichophyton rubrum infections, there were a number of distinctive features. These included the absence of dorsal infection on the feet, lateral and distal onychomycosis with extensive onycholysis and the development of paronychia on the fingers. The majority of affected patients showed no serious underlying abnormality or predisposing skin disease which could facilitate invasion. The routine incorporation of cycloheximide, which inhibits the growth of these organisms, in mycological media may explain why they are infrequently diagnosed.
Ultrasonographic monitoring of response to therapy in polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: M. Jimenez-Palop, E. Naredo, L. Humbrado, J. Medina, J. Uson, F. Francisco, M. J. Garcia-Yebenes, J. Garrido
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

<h3>Objective</h3> To assess the responsiveness of ultrasound (US) inflammatory findings in the shoulder and hip of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) who started treatment with corticosteroids. <h3>Methods</h3> Fifty-three patients with active PMR who started treatment with prednisone in six Spanish centres were prospectively studied. The patients underwent clinical, laboratory and US assessment at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks. The US investigation consisted of detection and quantification of inflammatory findings in the shoulder and hip. The responsiveness of clinical, laboratory and US parameters was tested by the standardised response mean. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability between US investigators was assessed. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, 34 patients (69%) had inflammation in at least one bilateral site. During the follow-up period, clinical, laboratory and US variables showed a parallel decrease. A significant decrease in US inflammatory parameters was found at week 4 (p&lt;0.001). After 4 and 12 weeks of treatment with corticosteroids, US inflammatory findings showed similar or better sensitivity to change than clinical and laboratory markers of PMR activity. Intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.96 and 0.99, respectively (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> US may be a responsive additional tool in monitoring the response to corticosteroids in patients with PMR in daily practice and multicentre trials.
Pharyngo-oesophageal dysphagia in systemic sclerosis.
Authors: C N Rajapakse, J Bancewicz, C J Jones, M I Jayson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

A patient with systemic sclerosis developed recurrent dysphagia consistently localised to the pharyngo-oesophageal region. This was due to narrowing of the lumen as a result of gross thickening of the pharyngo-oesophageal muscles. Histologically the changes were typical of systemic sclerosis. The lower oesophagus was less involved. Eventually she died of aspiration pneumonia and respiratory arrest.
Is Gallbladder Function a Predictor of Outcome?
Authors: Leopoldo Perez-Machado
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 March 1994Is Gallbladder Function a Predictor of Outcome?Leopoldo Perez-Machado, MDLeopoldo Perez-Machado, MDPoliclinica Santiago de Leon; Caracas, Venezuela 1050Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-6-199403150-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the treatment guideline on gallstone disease [1], no reference was made to the “functioning gallbladder.” Most diagnoses in asymptomatic patients are made during routine ultrasonography, which does not evaluate the ability of the gallbladder to concentrate bile or empty bile after meals. These two variables were not considered in the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations. We believe that patients with asymptomatic gallstones should have an oral cholecystogram or ultrasonography with cholecystokinin, or both. In addition, perhaps those patients with nonconcentrating or nonemptying gallbladders should be followed carefully.REFERENCE1. Ransohoff DF, Gracie WA. Treatment of gallstones. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:606-22. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Leopoldo Perez-Machado, MDAffiliations: Policlinica Santiago de Leon; Caracas, Venezuela 1050 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1994Volume 120, Issue 6Page: 523-524KeywordsBileGallbladderTreatment guidelinesUltrasound imaging ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Loss of TGH/Ces3 in Mice Decreases Blood Lipids, Improves Glucose Tolerance, and Increases Energy Expenditure
Authors: Enhui Wei, Yassine Ben Ali, James Lyon, Huajin Wang, Randy Nelson, Vernon W. Dolinsky, Jason R.B. Dyck, Grant Mitchell, Gregory S. Korbutt, Richard Lehner
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Respiratory muscle function and dyspnea in patients with chronic congestive heart failure.
Authors: D M Mancini, D Henson, J LaManca, S Levine
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Patients with heart failure (HF) frequently experience exertional dyspnea. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, we have previously demonstrated accessory respiratory muscle deoxygenation during exercise in these patients by monitoring changes in light absorption at 760-800 nm.To investigate whether low-frequency respiratory muscle fatigue occurs, we performed supramaximal bilateral transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation before and after maximal bicycle exercise in 10 patients with HF (age, 62 +/- 10 years; ejection fraction, 18 +/- 7%) and six normal subjects (age, 50 +/- 8 years). Maximal rates of contraction and relaxation, peak twitch tension, and maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) were derived before and after exercise from analysis of six to 12 twitches obtained at functional residual capacity. Pdi, time in inspiration (Ti), time per breath (TTOT), respiratory gases, ratings of perceived dyspnea and fatigue, and 760-800 nm near-infrared spectroscopy absorbency changes of the serratus anterior muscle were measured throughout exercise. The tension time index (TTdi) of the diaphragm was derived. In both normal and HF subjects, all parameters of diaphragmatic function (i.e., maximal rates of contraction and relaxation, peak twitch tension, and maximal Pdi) were unchanged before and after exercise. Mean Pdi was comparable at rest (normal, 3.7 +/- 1; HF, 5.8 +/- 2.9 cm H2O; p = NS) but significantly greater in patients with HF at peak exercise (normal, 12.1 +/- 3; HF, 18.3 +/- 6.6 cm H2O; p less than 0.05). Ti/TTOT of both groups was similar at rest and throughout exercise. TTdi was significantly greater at rest (normal, 0.01 +/- 0.01; HF, 0.03 +/- 0.02; p less than 0.05) and at peak exercise (normal, 0.03 +/- 0.02; HF, 0.10 +/- 0.03; p less than 0.04) in patients with HF. Significant accessory respiration muscle deoxygenation was noted only in patients with HF (peak exercise; normal, -1 +/- 13; HF, 28 +/- 15 arbitrary units; p less than 0.01). Linear correlation analysis was performed between ratings of perceived dyspnea and parameters of pulmonary and diaphragmatic function. Significant correlations were observed between ratings of perceived dyspnea and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, the TTdi of the diaphragm, near-infrared absorption changes, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (all r greater than 0.5; p less than 0.05). Thus, respiratory muscle strength, work, and oxygenation were significantly correlated with the degree of dyspnea.We conclude that low-frequency diaphragmatic muscle fatigue does not occur despite accessory respiratory muscle deoxygenation during exercise in patients with HF. However, diaphragmatic work as assessed by the TTdi is dramatically increased in patients with HF and approaches levels previously shown to generate fatigue. The sensation of dyspnea appears closely related to respiratory muscle function.
Drugs in Sport: The Pressure to Perform
Authors: Ralph K. Della Ratta
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes7 January 2003Drugs in Sport: The Pressure to PerformRalph K. Della Ratta, MDRalph K. Della Ratta, MDWinthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail British Medical Association. 165 pages. London: BMJ Books; 2002. 16.95. ISBN 0727916068. Order at www.bmjbooks.com.Field of medicine: Sports medicine.Format: Softcover book.Audience: General internists; residents; and specialists, fellows, team doctors, and policymakers in sports medicine.Purpose: To raise awareness about performance-enhancing drug use by noncompetitive athletes and to inform physicians about what drugs they may or may not prescribe to competitive athletes and the medical consequences of the use of certain drugs.Content: This multiauthored book was developed as a policy statement about drug use in sports for the British Medical Association (BMA). The book reviews the historical, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 January 2003Volume 138, Issue 1Page: 80KeywordsCreatineDrug policyDrug therapyDrugsExerciseNutritionSoftware toolsSportsSports and exercise medicine ePublished: 7 January 2003 Issue Published: 7 January 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TCT-607 Clinical Outcome in Chinese Patients with Long Lesion or Small Vessel/Multivessel Disease Receiving XIENCE V Everolimus-Eluting Stent: Early Results From the SEEDS Study
Authors: Bo Xu, Yuejin Yang, Yaling Han, Bao Li, Qiang Liu, Guoying Zhu, Junyu Cui, Lang Li, Shuzheng Lu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Identification of multiple risk variants for ankylosing spondylitis through high-density genotyping of immune-related loci
Authors: A Cortes, J Hadler, J P Pointon, P C Robinson, T Karaderi, P Leo, K Cremin, K Pryce, J Harris, S Lee, K B Joo, Shim S-C., M Weisman, M Ward, X Zhou, Garchon H-J., G Chiocchia, J Nossent, B A Lie, Ø Førre, J Tuomilehto, K Laiho, L Jiang, Y Liu, X Wu, L A Bradbury, D Elewaut, R Burgos-Vargas, S Stebbings, L Appleton, C Farrah, J Lau, T J Kenna, N Haroon, M A Ferreira, J Yang, J Mulero, J L Fernandez-Sueiro, M A Gonzalez-Gay, C Lopez-Larrea, P Deloukas, P Donnelly, P Bowness, K Gafney, H Gaston, D D Gladman, P Rahman, W P Maksymowych, H Xu, Crusius Jba., I E van der Horst-Bruinsma, Chou C-T., R Valle-Oñate, C Romero-Sánchez, I M Hansen, F M Pimentel-Santos, R D Inman, V Videm, J Martin, M Breban, J D Reveille, D M Evans, Kim T-H., B P Wordsworth, M A Brown
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
From the authors
Authors: J. T. Annema, K. F. Rabe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

We have read with interest the comments by C.T. Bolliger on the terminology regarding ultrasound-guided biopsies of mediastinal lymph nodes. Obviously, and here we fully agree, there should be a consensus on the nomenclature of a new diagnostic method. The development of echo-endoscopes, which make accurate imaging and real-time controlled biopsies of lesions along the gastro-intestinal tract possible, is regarded as one of the greatest improvements in endoscopy of the last 20 yrs 1. The name given to this technique was endoscopic ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasound and was abbreviated as EUS. Depending on the organ under investigation (oesophagus, stomach or rectum), authors have added specific information. The “E” from EUS thus stands for “endosonography” or “endoscopic” and not …