tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of the effect of antibiotic treatment and enteric infection on intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Luis Caetano Martha Antunes, B. Brett Finlay
Journal: Gut Microbes (2011)

The intestinal metabolome is a rich collection of molecules with specialized functions and important physiological effects. Many insults such as enteric infection and microbiota disruption by antibiotics can have profound effects in the metabolic homeostasis of the gut. We have recently shown that Salmonella infection and antibiotic treatment of mice drastically alter the intestinal metabolome. Particularly, host hormone metabolism was significantly altered by both insults. Infection resulted in a net increase in the production of both steroids and eicosanoids, whereas antibiotic treatment seemed to reduce the production of these hormones. Our results suggest that both intestinal pathogens and commensals affect common metabolic functions and that this phenomenon may have implications for the interactions between microbes and their hosts.
Recent Researches on Arthritis and Rheumatism in the United States
Authors: P. S. Hench
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1939)

AMONG chronic diseases in the United States " rheumatism" ranks first in prevalence, second in producing disability, second in producing invalidity (permanent disability) and fourteenth in causing death.Among the 127,000,000 persons in the United States there are 6,850,000 with " rheumatism," considerably more than the combined figures of those with heart disease (3,700,000 cases), cancer and other tumours (930,000 cases), tuberculosis (680,000 cases) and diabetes (660,000 cases) altogether.Such were the figures obtained in a recent National Health Survey' in which " rheumatism included arthritis, gout, neuralgia, neuritis, lumbago, etc." Another survey reported that there were annually disabled about 1,500,000 Americans with "arthritis," and an additional 1,750,000 persons with neuralgia, neuritis and lumbago.2These figures again indicate the enormous morbidity produced by the " rheumatic diseases." GONORRHoEAL ARTHRIsIn the United States there are annually about 1,037,000 cases of acute, and about an equal number of cases of chronic, gonor- rhoea.3Recent statistics indicate that about 1 to 3 per cent. of such patients develop gonorrhceal arthritis.4DIAGNOSIS.-Since the newer forms of treatment of gonorrheea and gonorrhceal arthritis are so highly successful it is more important than ever to make the diagnosis in such cases early and promptly in order to prevent the gross articular destruction that might otherwise result from delayed treatment.Suggested criteria 5. 6 for a diagnosis of " proved gonorrhoeal arthritis " are:(1) a history of recent or existing gonorrhoea, (2) clinical evidence of genital gonorrhoea, (3) isolation of gonococci from a primary *
Topical Reviews in Rheumatic Disorders
Authors: M. I. D. Cawley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

The first quarter of the 230 or so pages is devoted to 'A M. Rothschild.Pp. 416.£41-75.Yorke Medical: new look at rheumatoid arthritis'.This is a stimulating and New York. 1983.informative, if somewhat indigestible, dissertation by T. Bitter of Lausanne, in support of more precise diagnostic This volume aims to help the primary care physician provide criteria and more aggressive drug therapy in rheumatoid continuing care for his rheumatological patients.The title arthritis.The use of drug combinations, their mode of could be misleading to the English reader, in that 'primary action, and the semantic and conceptual questions raised by care' in the United States is given by a wide variety of rheumatoid-factor-negative polyarthritis, are all discussed.
Localization of platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor I in the fibrotic lung.
Authors: S Homma, I Nagaoka, H Abe, K Takahashi, K Seyama, T Nukiwa, S Kira
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

To better understand the mechanisms responsible for the increase in numbers of fibroblasts and increased collagen synthesis in fibrotic intestitial lung diseases, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A and PDGF-B, PDGF receptor-alpha and -beta, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and IGF-I receptor were evaluated immunohistochemically. Additionally, the messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) for PDGF-A and PDGF-B, PDGF receptor-alpha and -beta, and IGF-I were investigated by in situ hybridization in alveolar macrophages and lung tissues from patients with interstitial lung disease. In specimens of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), PDGF-A, PDGF-B, and IGF-I were local in alveolar macrophages in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), patients with sarcoidosis (Sar), and normal individuals. Although there were no differences between IPF and Sar in terms of the staining intensity or number of positive cells, the number of such cells was smaller in the normal controls. In lung tissues with early-stage IPF, PDGF and IGF-I proteins were localized exclusively in alveolar macrophages, mononuclear phagocytes, fibroblasts, alveolar Type II cells, vascular endothelial cells, and vascular smooth-muscle cells. In lung tissues with late-stage IPF and those from normal controls, only alveolar macrophages contained PDGF and IGF-I proteins. Interestingly, the cellular localizations of PDGF receptor-alpha and -beta, and of IGF-I receptor were the same as those of the PDGF and IGF-I proteins in early-stage IPF, whereas these cells were not positive for any of these substances in late-stage IPF or normal controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abstract 2266: Beclin-1 regulation of autophagy in endocrine resistant breast cancer
Authors: Caroline O. B. Facey, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Robert Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Resistance to endocrine therapy occurs in nearly 50% of all patients diagnosed with estrogen receptor ≤ positive breast cancer, thus elucidating mechanism(s) of endocrine resistance is of major importance. To provide a model, we selected MCF7 variants that are estrogen independent and either sensitive (LCC1) or resistant (LCC9) to antiestrogens: Faslodex (FAS; ICI 182, 780) and Tamoxifen (TAM). Antiestrogens induce endoplasmic reticulum stress which, depending on cell type, stimulus, and duration, may subsequently activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), autophagy, and/or apoptosis. Gene microarray analysis of LCC9 cells show high expression levels of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), implicating the unfolded protein response (UPR) as a pro-survival mechanism of resistance. In addition to an elevated UPR, autophagy is substantially elevated in response to antiestrogens. To better understand the role of autophagy in antiestrogen responsiveness, we investigated the consequence of knocking down BECLIN-1 in LCC1 and LCC9 cells treated with FAS and TAM. Preliminary results indicate a time-dependent change in autophagy following knock-down of beclin-1 in response to short-term (48h) and long-term (6 day) treatment. At 48h, sensitive LCC1 cells respond to antiestrogens with high levels of autophagy measured by increased LC3BII to LC3BI ratio and decreased expression of p62. Relative cell density (measured by crystal violet assay) decreases by 20% at 48h and by 80% at 6 days in LCC1 cells however, LCC9 cells are minimally affected by antiestrogen treatment. The level of autophagy remains high at 6 days in sensitive cells however levels remain constant in resistant cells. Autophagy is significantly lowered by reduced BECN1 in both sensitive and resistant cells however there is an increase in cell density in sensitive cells transfected with BECN1- shRNA at 6 days, indicating an autophagy associated programmed cell death mechanism in response to antiestrogen treatment. Protein expression of an active form of caspase −12/4 (an initiator caspase activated during endoplasmic reticulum stress) is elevated in sensitive cells at 6 days in response to antiestrogen treatment, also indicating the onset of apoptosis at this time. Elevated expression of Bcl-2 family members in resistant cells may play a more substantial role than BECN1 alone, as the combination of Bcl-2 family protein inhibitors and BECN1-shRNA sensitizes resistant cells to a greater extent. Thus, Bcl-2 family members in resistant cells may play a critical role in managing the balance between cell survival (moderate autophagy) and programmed cell death (excessive autophagy and apoptosis) in response to antiestrogen treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2266. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2266
Condom Use for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of HIV Infection
Authors: Antonia C. Novello
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternal Mortality in Women Aged 35 Years or Older: United States
Authors: James W. Buehler
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To examine maternal mortality among women aged 35 years or older, we used death certificates from the United States for 1974 through 1978. There were 425 maternal deaths, corresponding to a mortality rate of 58.3 deaths per 100,000 live births. This rate was higher than the rate for women 20 through 34 years of age (race-adjusted relative risk [RR]=4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6 to 4.4). The leading causes of death were obstetric hemorrhage and embolism. Black women had higher mortality rates than white women for deaths without abortive outcomes (RR=3.3; CI, 2.7 to 4.1) and with abortive outcomes (RR=9.4; 95% CI, 5.8 to 15.3), and the latter difference was largely due to a higher rate of deaths associated with ectopic pregnancy among black women. From 1974 through 1978, compared with 1982, maternal mortality rates for women aged 35 years or older reported by the National Center for Health Statistics declined approximately 50%. Among white women, changes in age and parity accounted for less than half of this decrease, suggesting that improvements have occurred in age- and parityspecific mortality for women aged 35 years or older. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:53-57)
PYLORIC STENOSIS WITH ACCOMPANYING SPASMODIC DYSPHAGIAa
Authors: E. B. Barton, H. H. C. Dent
Journal: BMJ (1918)

luings showed at both apices old healed scars.The left base had firm, tough adhesions.The other organs showed nothing abnormal.EHistologically the appearance of the lung sections were those of old healed tuberculosis.Sections of the bowel made at the site of stenosis showed thickening of the muscular layers and particularly of the submucosa, with proliferation of Jir)roblasts.The mucous membrane was in an atrophic con- litiori.Sections from different points stained for tubercle bacilli were all negative.
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery
Authors: John A. Oates, Alastair J.J. Wood, Allen B. Kaiser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

IN discussing the impact of "antimicrobial technology" on our society, McDermott and Rogers noted that the greatest effect of modern antibiotic therapy may be its influence on the evolution of modern surgery.1 It would be difficult to imagine cardiac, vascular, or orthopedic surgery as we know it today in a world without antimicrobial agents.2 Because vital host defenses, including the skin, the cough reflex, and the mucous membranes, are impaired during major surgical procedures, such operations provide opportunities for exposure to potential pathogens.3 In this environment, antimicrobials play a central part in the treatment of both wound and nonwound infections. . . .
Differential expression of laminin receptors in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: I Ozaki, K Yamamoto, T Mizuta, S Kajihara, N Fukushima, Y Setoguchi, F Morito, T Sakai
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background —Laminin receptors are involved in cell-extracellular matrix interactions in malignant cells that show invasion and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma frequently shows early invasion into blood vessels, and intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastases. However, the role of laminin receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown. Aims —To examine the expression of mRNA for laminin receptors and their isoforms in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods —The expression of several laminin receptors, including α1 integrin, α6 integrin and its isoforms α6A and α6B, β1 integrin and its isoforms β1A and β1B, and 32kD/67kDa laminin binding protein was examined in human hepatocellular carcinomas and non-cancerous liver tissues using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results —α6 Integrin, β1 integrin, and laminin binding protein showed notably increased expression in hepatocellular carcinoma, compared with non-cancerous liver tissue, although the α1 integrin did not show a significant change. Furthermore, β1B integrin, a splicing variant of β1 integrin, was overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma while the β1A integrin isoform did not show significant changes between hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding non-cancerous liver tissue. Conclusions —The differential upregulation of laminin receptors and their splicing isoforms was shown in hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting that certain laminin receptors and their isoforms may be involved in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
THE FUTURE OF PRIVATE MEDICAL PRACTICE
Authors: F. BILLINGS
Journal: JAMA (1921)

The present condition or status of the private medical practitioner is one which differs from that of a few years ago. By private practitioner is meant the family physician. It must be admitted that he does not occupy the same position that he formerly enjoyed. In no other field of medical practice may be found the intimate relations between physician and patient. The qualified and conscientious family physician assumes responsibility for the members of the family in illness and injury, and safeguards them against unnecessary or meddlesome medical or surgical treatment. He is the councilor and adviser in the various problems of life that confront all parents and their children. He occupies a unique position of the greatest importance in the field of medical practice—a position that brings him true friends who, with few exceptions, are glad to make equal sacrifice for him. No other position in life affords as
Corrigendum to “Astrocyte elevated gene-1: Recent insights into a novel gene involved in tumor progression, metastasis and neurodegeneration” [Pharmacol. Ther., 114 (2007) 155–170]
Authors: Luni Emdad, Devanand Sarkar, Zao-Zhong Su, Seok-Geun Lee, Dong-Chul Kang, Jeffrey N. Bruce, David J. Volsky, Paul B. Fisher
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2007)
Focal TI-201 Uptake in Pneumonia
Authors: MORAKINYO OYEWOLE TONEY, SCOTT WILLIAMS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Diffuse TI-201 lung uptake has been reported in various lung conditions such as primary and metastatic neoplastic disease, inflammatory and infectious lung disease, valvular heart disease, left ventricular dysfunction caused by ischemic heart disease, and cardiomyopathies. Focal TI-201 lung uptake in bacterial pneumonia has not been previously reported. A case of focal TI-201 pulmonary uptake in a patient with radiographically confirmed focal bacterial pneumonia, which was treated with antibiotics is presented. The authors recommend that focal uptake in bacterial pneumonia be included in the differential diagnosis of focal TI-201 lung uptake.
Malaria in Birmingham and a London teaching hospital.
Authors: C J Ellis, S J Eykyn, P Watkins, M Bell, A M Geddes
Journal: BMJ (1979)

During the past five years the incidence of imported malaria increased among patients seen in East Birmingham Hospital and in St Thomas's Hospital, London. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species in Birmingham, and was almost always acquired by Asian immigrants visiting the Indian subcontinent. In St Thomas's P falciparum was most commonly imported, usually by African immigrants visiting Nigeria and Ghana. Two patients (one Irish, one Japanese) died of falciparum malaria after visiting tropical Africa. In both hospitals the immigrant patients had seldom taken prophylactic drugs, and the few who had, ceased to do so on arrival in the UK and sometimes before leaving the malarious country. Apparently immigrants who visit their homeland do not consult their general practitioners before travelling, are given inappropriate advice, or do not take appropriate advice when given. Since the incidence of imported falciparum malaria in the UK is rising, the following points should be considered: the infection may be lethal, particularly in patients lacking immunity; it can mimic other diseases, which may lead to delayed diagnosis; severe disease may be associated with few parasites on a blood film, and even if the result is negative further tests should be performed; clinicians and hospital pharmacists should be aware of the need to keep permanent stocks of parenteral chloroquine and quinine preparations.
Medical Forgeries—The Hagen Burger Case.
Authors: J. C. Connell
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Kingston, Ont., Dec. 8, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The senate of Queen's University, at a meeting held Dec. 6, 1906, instructed the registrar to erase the name of Gotfried Leonard Hagen Burger from its list of graduates. The minute of the senate will be of interest to your readers and is as follows: The Senate of Queen's University, having met in conjunction with the Medical Faculty to consider questions which have arisen in connection with the degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Surgery conferred on Mr. G. L. Hagen Burger by the said Senate, in September. 1904, find as follows: First: That the degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Surgery granted to the said Mr. Hagen Burger by the Senate of Queen's University were obtained in part after examination and in part on the credit of certain documents and certificates produced or referred to by him.
Bone Marrow Involvement in Hodgkin's Disease (HD): Pathology and Clinical Implications.
Authors: B. A. Chabner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Bone Marrow Involvement in Hodgkin's Disease (HD): Pathology and Clinical Implications.B. A. Chabner, M.D., F.A.C.P., H. R. Gralnick, M.D., C. E. Myers, M.D., V. T. DeVita, M.D., F.A.C.P.B. A. Chabner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, H. R. Gralnick, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. E. Myers, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, V. T. DeVita, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-824_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBone marrow findings of 184 consecutive patients with Hodgkin's disease admitted to the National Cancer Institute since 1965 were reviewed to delineate pathologic changes. Marrow biopsies were evaluated in 128 patients and aspirates alone were examined in 56. The most frequent abnormalities were eosinophilia in 64% and erythroid hyperplasia in 47%. Marked granulocytic hyperplasia, resembling chronic granulocytic leukemia, was found in 7% and nonmalignant histiocytosis in 5%. Three types of direct tumor involvement were detected: total replacement of the biopsy specimen with diffuse myelofibrosis (DM) in nine patients—five had Reed-Sternberg cells (RSCs) and three had malignant histiocytosis; focal fibrosis with... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: B. A. Chabner, M.D., F.A.C.P.; H. R. Gralnick, M.D.; C. E. Myers, M.D.; V. T. DeVita, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Bethesda, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAssessment of bone marrow histology in Hodgkin's disease: correlation with clinical factorsAssessment of bone marrow histology in Hodgkin's disease: correlation with clinical factors 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 824-824KeywordsBiopsyBone marrowCellsClinical pathologyEosinophiliaFibrosisHodgkin lymphoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Elephantiasic Pretibial Myxedema in a Patient With Graves Disease That Resolved After 131I Treatment
Authors: Haifang Yu, Xue Jiang, Mingzhi Pan, Rui Huang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Pretibial myxedema is a rare manifestation of Graves disease and is generally associated with ophthalmopathy. Steroids, immunoglobulin, or rituximab can have some therapeutic effect but not curative. Here we reported a 45-year-old man with history of hyperthyroidism for 20 years who developed severe bilateral pretibial myxedema. Three months after the treatment with I for his Graves disease, his pretibial myxedema was significantly improved.
Candidemia in cancer patients: Impact of early removal of non-tunneled central venous catheters on outcome
Authors: C.Y. Liu, L.J. Huang, W.S. Wang, T.L. Chen, C.C. Yen, M.H. Yang, L.T. Hsiao, C.Y. Liu, P.M. Chen, T.J. Chiou
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
ON THE ELECTRICAL CHARGE OF THE NATIVE PROTEINS AND THE AGGLUTININS
Authors: Cyrus W. Field, Oscar Teague
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1907)

1. Tetanolysin and antitetanolysin travel toward the cathode under the influence of an electric current. 2. The specific agg-lutinins are electro-positive. 3. The proteid matter of serum is not amphoteric but travels toward the cathode whether its reaction be acid, neutral, or alkaline. 4. The bacteria-agglutinin combination may be disassociated by means of the electric current.
Abstract 2201: Impaired Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism Limits Aerobic Exercise Capacity in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Takashi Yokota, Shintaro Kinugawa, Kagami Hirabayashi, Tadashi Suga, Naoki Inoue, Yukihiro Ohta, Shouji Matsushima, Sanae Hamaguchi, Mochamad A Sobirin, Taisuke Ono, Noriteru Morita, Kouichi Okita, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Insulin resistance is associated with the limited exercise capacity, which can be an independent predictor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of limiting ...
Combination Therapy With Fenofibrate and Rosiglitazone Paradoxically Lowers Serum HDL Cholesterol
Authors: Lena Normén, Jiri Frohlich, Julio Montaner, Marianne Harris, Tom Elliott, Greg Bondy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; TG, triglyceride; TZD,