tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Indeterminate Lung Imaging Can the Number be Reduced?
Authors: ROBERT B. DAVIS, DONALD S. SCHAUWECKER, ASLAM R. SIDDIQUI, GRAY J. BECKER, ROBERT W. HOLDEN, BRUCE D. RICHMOND, HENRY N. WELLMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

During a 2 1/2-year period, 1131 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism had ventilation-perfusion lung scans; 150 of these patients also underwent pulmonary angiography. In a retrospective study, these 150 patients were re-evaluated using the reference criteria of Biello and Alderson, with 62% read as indeterminate. Twenty patients who had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with retention of Xe-133 in greater than 50% of the lung fields without corresponding radiographic abnormality were included. Ventilation/perfusion matches and mismatches could be correctly determined in 15 of these patients. These 15 of 20 studies could be correctly reclassified as low-probability, while the other five remained indeterminate. With increasing intervals between ventilation/perfusion lung imaging and the onset of symptoms, the percentage of patients with proven pulmonary emboli correctly diagnosed as high probability continuously decreased, and the percentage of studies read as indeterminate constantly increased. Serial chest radiographs suggested that the development of infiltrates in the region of the embolus convert high-probability ventilation/perfusion scans to indeterminate.
MAGNETICALLY GUIDED IRRIGATED GOLD-TIP CATHETER ABLATION OF PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION -SAFETY, FEASIBILITY AND OUTCOME IN MID-TERM FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Georg Noelker, Bogdan Muntean, Klaus Gutleben, Johannes Heintze, Juergen Vogt, Dieter Horstkotte
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Faxing Medical Records: Another Threat to Confidentiality in Medicine
Authors: Leigh Genesen
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Patient confidentiality is uniformly recognized as critical to the caregiver-patient relationship. Confidentiality is emphasized in oaths and health care training and is required by employers. However, multidisciplinary medical care, third-party reimbursement, and utilization and quality review have undermined the traditional meaning of confidentiality. These changes in health care delivery led one physician-ethicist to declare that the concept of confidentiality had become "decrepit."<sup>1</sup>While we are not ready to label confidentiality a "myth," the advent of information technology has further subjected confidentiality to the problems Siegler first addressed in 1982.<sup>1</sup> Facsimile transmission (fax) allows rapid communication between professionals, is convenient and efficient, and has become a common means of transferring patient information. However, the health care professions have not uniformly developed appropriate safeguards to protect patient confidentiality. A review of two cases will illustrate the ethical concerns and potential ramifications of faxing medical records. <h3>Report of</h3>
REMOVAL OF INTRATHECAL TUMOUR FROM LUMBAR REGION OF SPINAL CORD
Authors: J. M. Clarke, C. A. Morton
Journal: BMJ (1913)

MAY 3, I913 and that he very frequiently bit hairs from hlis moustache and swallowed them.Tlhe patient was again referred to me in Marel, 1913, with a breaking-down tumour situated about the middle of Scarpa's triangle on hlis right leg.I excised it and fotund it to be a spindle-celled sarcoma growing from the superficial fascia.His gene'ral condition is excellent.
An Address on ABORTION: ITS FREQUENCY AND IMPORTANCE
Authors: B. Whitehouse
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TIlE sibl)j(ct of tlci.sa(ldress Ilazs een (hleseli for two reasons nanely, its frequency, and its iniportance to the inldiv-idual an-id tlhe com mniunity'.The iniereaisiiig iiinumber of albortionis amongst most whlite races duritig the past tilirty y-ears lhas naturally focused attenti on uponi a p) 1)lenm whliel hias am Iays to some extenit -exercised the minds of the medical anid legal profession-ts.Writlh a stationary er fallinig birth ra.lte tlhe positio ni n1iatur'ally beco mles imio(rC acutte, and the lprevenltion of abortioni i's to-daya-a responsi- bility which invi-olves not only the welfare of the individutial but also that of thle familv and the State.A n 1ation witll a diminishling bir th rate alnd a hiigh abortio'n ratio mulst soonlelr or later suffer.There appears to bee little doubt tliat, foithe presen1t, the day of the.l'arge fainily lias gone, for good or for evil.We tire told that it is for good, hut sometimes I have my doub-ts Onl thtis -matter.I kinow many large famiiilies, fanmilies of as vi'an-.as ten oi a dozen, and I say unhlesitatinglv thiat in experience tley are the lappiest, aiid are gettiiig the best otut of life.I hlave spoken to thte motlhers of these families, mother s fr-onii all grt(lhcs of society, and never once hla-e I leard anyr expression of r-egret, either fromii a social, economiC, ol -plhysical standpoint.In this age of meclcanical transport, unllcahlthy excite- ielnt, entertLainin ent, anid imisli,'' tlie mio(lde rn cult for limitation of tlhe fiamiily by the wh-bolesale promulgation and pmracti(e of (conltracpAtive meiasurires is speedilg apaice.There ate too mi.anyintentionlally sterile marriages to-dayv, aind perhaps, wh-alt is equally as bad, thlere ar e too many olne-hlil(d lin i ies growlingf up).Abor'tionl limuls t hll refore be regar(led.as somethinilg m-ore than a tr ivial acei(dent.I Its frequencyv Ini sonic i ' uOnlltri(',S to-day is a ppalhillg.Grehlliorn stat(s that in Gernan'y,, in 1890.onie abortion occulrred to e\e very teni birthls.lit 1911 thy'plpoportion 110(a dropped to onie iii five, anid il 1919, in Hamnburg, tlhe figure lhad retelied oiie in twvo.In 1926 two abortions occurred for' every thlire births4.In eacll vcar Goermany thie actual number (of abortiois var ies; between 500,OCO an1d.875,000.In Soviet Russia the artificial terniiiatio oif pregnancy duiing the early iontlhs is actually legalize(l, td Sta to aboltoriumis " hiav e beei establishmed.
Contribution of variable entrance and exit block in protected foci to arrhythmogenesis in isolated ventricular tissues.
Authors: J E Rosenthal, G R Ferrier
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Automatic foci with membrane potentials in the range characterized by depolarization-induced automaticity exhibit entrance block. The present study demonstrates a role of variable entrance and exit block in arrhythmogenesis. We studied canine interventricular septa with the right bundle branch exposed, isolated false tendons and isolated feline papillary muscle using standard microelectrode techniques. Foci of automaticity were produced either by focal application of electric current or by exposure of the preparations to Tyrode's solution containing 1.5-2.0 mM KCl. Foci induced by mild depolarization exhibited entrance block with exit conduction and were subject to electrotonic modulation. With greater depolarization, varying degrees of exit block developed. Various rhythms, including Wenckebach periodicity, resulted. Delayed emergence of electrotonically accelerated activity led to closely coupled extrasystoles resembling reentrant activity. Exit conduction in some preparations was facilitated by enhanced normal pacemaker activity (membrane potentials -- 70 mV or greater) in tissue peripheral to the focus. Also, when there were two sites of automaticity separated by an area of depressed conduction, intermodulation between the two automatic regions generated complex arrhythmias. Shifts in maximum diastolic potential also changed conduction and led to changes in arrhythmic patterns. In some experiments, focal automaticity was terminated by single stimuli. We conclude that complex and variable behavior of automatic foci may result in activity with characteristics previously attributed to other arrhythmic mechanisms.
A Phase I Trial of Repeated Intrapleural Adenoviral-mediated Interferon-β Gene Transfer for Mesothelioma and Metastatic Pleural Effusions
Authors: Daniel H Sterman, Adri Recio, Andrew R Haas, Anil Vachani, Sharyn I Katz, Colin T Gillespie, Guanjun Cheng, Jing Sun, Edmund Moon, Luana Pereira, Xinzhong Wang, Daniel F Heitjan, Leslie Litzky, Carl H June, Robert H Vonderheide, Richard G Carroll, Steven M Albelda
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

We previously showed that a single intrapleural dose of an adenoviral vector expressing interferon-β (Ad.IFN-β) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) or malignant pleural effusions (MPE) resulted in gene transfer, humoral antitumor immune responses, and anecdotal clinical responses manifested by modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) disease stability in 3 of 10 patients at 2 months and an additional patient with significant metabolic response on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. This phase I trial was conducted to determine whether using two doses of Ad.IFN-β vector would be superior. Ten patients with MPM and seven with MPE received two doses of Ad.IFN-β through an indwelling pleural catheter. Repeated doses were generally well tolerated. High levels of IFN-β were detected in pleural fluid after the first dose; however, only minimal levels were seen after the second dose of vector. Lack of expression correlated with the rapid induction of neutralizing Ad antibodies (Nabs). Antibody responses against tumor antigens were induced in most patients. At 2 months, modified RECIST responses were as follows: one partial response, two stable disease, nine progressive disease, and two nonmeasurable disease. One patient died after 1 month. By PET scanning, 2 patients had mixed responses and 11 had stable disease. There were seven patients with survival times longer than 18 months. This approach was safe, induced immune responses and disease stability. However, rapid development of Nabs prevented effective gene transfer after the second dose, even with a dose interval as short as 7 days.
INDEPENDENT AND COMBINED IMPACT OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON PLATELET REACTIVITY
Authors: Usman Baber, Jeffrey Bander, Jason Kovacic, Paul Muntner, Rucha Karajgikar, Roxana Mehran, Samin K. Sharma, Annapoorna S. Kini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
French Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SFED) Guidelines on performing a colonoscopy
Authors: B. Napoleon, T. Ponchon, R. R. Lefebvre, D. Heresbach, J. Canard, A. Calazel Benque, C. Boustiere, G. Gay, R. Laugier
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Colonoscopy is the standard examination for diagnosing colorectal diseases and treating colorectal superficial neoplasms. Colonoscopy must be performed under the best conditions for optimum results. However, it is difficult to lay down rules as there is a scant amount of scientific data or available references on numerous points and because the practice is different from country to country, so that consulting the international literature is of limited use. Most of the options set out below are only the result of consulting experts. These guidelines are provisional and for guidance only as they are liable to change as and when new scientific information comes to light.
Efficient and stable transduction of resting B lymphocytes and primary chronic lymphocyte leukemia cells using measles virus gp displaying lentiviral vectors
Authors: Cecilia Frecha, Caroline Costa, Camille Lévy, Didier Nègre, Stephen J. Russell, Andrea Maisner, Gilles Salles, Kah-Whye Peng, Francois-Loïc Cosset, Els Verhoeyen
Journal: Blood (2009)
IONIZING RADIATION EXPOSURE ASSOCIATED WITH MONITORING FOR CARDIOTOXIC EFFECTS OF BREAST CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Gillian Murtagh, Karima Addetia, Zoe Yu, Jeong Hwan Kim, Amit Patel, R. Parker Ward, Victor Mor-Avi, Roberto Lang, Jeanne DeCara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Evidence for altered activity of the IL-6 pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Anju T. Peters, Atsushi Kato, Ning Zhang, David B. Conley, Lydia Suh, Brian Tancowny, Derek Carter, Tara Carr, Michael Radtke, Kathryn E. Hulse, Sudarshan Seshadri, Rakesh Chandra, Leslie C. Grammer, Kathleen E. Harris, Robert Kern, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Living in the present: a confrontation with cancer.
Authors: A Oakley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Looking in the mirror, I could see that the side of my tongue was lumpy and irregular.For some time I had been bothered by a slight soreness on that side, especially when eating apples.Trying hard to disregard and "normalise" the symptom, I had in any case little time to pursue it, having just had my third baby in the midst of an uncompleted research project.I then went for a routine dental appointment, and showed the mysterious area to my dentist; I said gaily, and somewhat unthinkingly, "It's not cancer, is it ?"He arranged for a biopsy to be done.The consultant who told me the result used the strange, euphemistic language that I have since recognised as the dominant mode of communication with patients with cancer."Most of the area we biopsied was all right," he said, "but a little bit in the middle was invasive." Threat to happinessAttitudes to malignant disease That was getting on for two years ago.After six weeks of not being able to eat, talk, or sleep (these doctors never tell you enough about side effects) I recovered sufficiently to move house, finish my research project, and write two books.The baby went back to the breast after four slightly difficult days on SMA
Two long QT syndrome loci map to chromosomes 3 and 7 with evidence for further heterogeneity
Authors: Changan Jiang, Donald Atkinson, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Igor Splawski, Michael H. Lehmann, Hua Li, Katherine Timothy, R. Thomas Taggart, Peter J. Schwartz, G. Michael Vincent, Arthur J. Moss, Mark T. Keating
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Cure of an 'Ulcerated Leg' of Fully Thirteen Years' Standing
Authors: J. Cochrane
Journal: BMJ (1877)

THE BRITiSH MEDICAL 370VRNAL.[jar. 13, I877.bandage is put over all, wide enough and tight enough to effect all that is required.The time for removing the sponge and under- covering of linen or cotton may vary from twenty-four to forty-eight hours (never longer), and the removal must be effected so carefully as not to cause any dragging on the flaps.If the linen or cotton be found to adhere to any point of the wound, I prefer leaving it where it is, quite dry, to bathing or tearing it off, and a snip with the scissors is all that is needed for this.The linen is replaced by a clean bit, if all be found favourable, and the sponge is washed, wrung dry, and put on again, and left for two or tbree days, or even more, in order to make sure that the union is quite firm.The patient is kept in bed, and not allowed to move freely until the wound is healed.For three or four days, very meagre diet is allowed, and no stimulants in ordinary cases.Ligatures, even of waxed silk, do not generally produce irritation, as will be shown in the following case, which I give in support of
Is There a Role for Traditional Chinese Medicine?-Reply
Authors: Barry Beyerstein
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Hui implies that we pass judgment on TCM "with limited knowledge and little or no experience in the medical tradition." We reported on what we were personally informed of by physicians, scientists, and philosophers of science in China, as well as on what we observed. Although we are not practitioners of TCM, we are experienced in methods of observation and evaluation of science and of aberrant medical methods. Therapeutic claims are not culturally specific, as Hui claims. (One does not need to be a gourmet chef to recognize when one has been served a bad meal.) Hui asserts that TCM is "a medical paradigm complete with theoretical foundations derived from empirical observations and creative synthesis." The quality of those observations is insufficient, based on uncontrolled observations, molded in myth, and manipulated by social influences. Hui quibbles whether or not Chairman Mao denigrated Western medicine in his popularization of TCM
Allele-specific FKBP5 DNA demethylation mediates gene–childhood trauma interactions
Authors: Torsten Klengel, Divya Mehta, Christoph Anacker, Monika Rex-Haffner, Jens C Pruessner, Carmine M Pariante, Thaddeus W W Pace, Kristina B Mercer, Helen S Mayberg, Bekh Bradley, Charles B Nemeroff, Florian Holsboer, Christine M Heim, Kerry J Ressler, Theo Rein, Elisabeth B Binder
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Abstract 1150: The role of the tumor suppressor gene <i>THY1</i> in suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Hong Lok Lung, Maria Li Lung
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background and aims: THY1 has been successfully identified as a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in our laboratory. The frequency of down-regulated THY1 protein expression was found to be significantly associated with NPC lymph node metastases. However, direct functional evidence is still lacking for THY1 being anti-metastatic in NPC. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is well-known as a closely associated process for stem cells as well as tumor cells to invade to other part of the body. We aim to study the association of EMT with the THY1 in NPC. Methods: Functional analysis of restoration of THY1 expression in the NPC cell lines was studied. The RhoA negative regulator, p190 Rho GTPase-activating protein (p190RhoGAP) and the E-cadherin/beta-catenin cell junction was examined in the THY1-expressing NPC cells. Results: Both real-time and conventional invasion chamber assays clearly showed that the invasive ability of the THY1 transfectants was consistently lower than vector-alone control. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results show that the gene expression of cell invasion-associated gelatinase MMP-9 was significantly down-regulated in the THY1-transfectants compared with the vector-alone control. The p190RhoGAP was greatly activated by phosphorylation in the THY1 transfectants, when the THY1 gene was switched on in the absence of doxycycline (dox, an analogue of tetracycline). In the presence of dox when THY1 was switched off, the phosphorylation of p190RhoGAP was reduced. It appears that the phosphorylation status of p190RhoGAP is positively regulated by THY1 in NPC cells. The immunofluorescence (IF) confocal microscopy results show that beta-catenin and E-cadherin were much more frequently translocated to the cell-cell junction in the THY1 transfectants than the vector-alone. Conclusions: These findings suggest that THY1 inhibited NPC cell invasion via the formation of adherens junction and up-regulation of p190RhoGAP. The enhanced formation of cell adherens junction by THY1 is likely to be one of the possible mechanisms to suppress EMT in NPC. Citation Format: Hong Lok Lung, Maria Li Lung. The role of the tumor suppressor gene THY1 in suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1150. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1150
Genetically engineered sweetcorn may be in US food chain
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Officials from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have said that thousands of tonnes of genetically engineered sweetcorn have made their way into the human food supply chain, even though the produce has been approved only for use in animal feed.

The genetically modified form of sweetcorn, known as Starlink, has a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis and contains a protein Cry9C, which is toxic to the corn …
Short-Course Antibiotic Therapy for Right-Sided Endocarditis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus in Injection Drug Users
Authors: Mark J. DiNubile
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Right-sided endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent complication of injection drug use. Fortunately, the prognosis for this infection when treated with the standard regimen of 4 to 6 weeks of parenteral antistaphylococcal antibiotics is favorable. Nevertheless, in many cases, once drug users feel better, they leave the hospital against medical advice before completing the full course of antibiotic therapy. This problem has stimulated interest in shortening the duration of antibiotic treatment by adding an aminoglycoside antibiotic to a penicillinase-resistant penicillin. Data from in vitro synergy studies and animal models of endocarditis suggest that S. aureus can be eradicated more quickly by combination therapy than by monotherapy. Reports of three prospective, nonrandomized clinical trials have been published that support the use of a 2-week course of a penicillinase-resistant penicillin and an aminoglycoside antibiotic to treat uncomplicated, exclusively right-sided endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible S. aureus in injection drug users.
Abstract 1289: Role of deregulation of Pol III-dependent transcription in phenotypic alteration.
Authors: Shuping Zhong, Qingsong Zhang, Ganggang Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The products of RNA polymerase III (Pol III)-dependent genes, such as tRNAs and 5S rRNA, are elevated in both transformed and tumor cells suggesting that they play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. An increase in Brf1 (TFIIIB-related factor 1), a subunit of TFIIIB in Pol III transcription machinery, augments Pol III gene transcription and is sufficient for cell transformation and tumor formation (1). We have demonstrated, for the first time, that enhancement of Brf1 expression and Pol III gene transcription are correlated to liver tumor formation in mice (2). This implies that Brf1 may be a key molecule during liver tumor development. Our early study demonstrated that MSK1 (mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1) mediates H3S28ph (3), Our recent study have indicated that reduction of H3S28ph (histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 28) results in repression of Brf1 and Pol III gene transcription (4). Blocking MSK1 inhibits cell transformation (5) and tumor formation (6). To further determine the role of Brf1 and the signaling and epigenetic regulating events in phenotypic alteration induced by DEN (diethylnitrosamine) which is a chemical carcinogen and is used to induce liver tumor (7), we utilized DEN (200μg/ml) to treat AML-12 cells, an immortalized mouse hepatocyte line to extract cell lysates and total RNA. Our results indicate that DEN treatment increased Brf1 expression and Pol III gene, tRNALeu and 5S rRNA, transcription. DEN strongly induced phosphorylation of MSK1 at serine 376 and Threonine 581. DEN also induces H3phs at both H3S10ph and H3S28ph in AML-12 cells. Interestingly, DEN-induced H3ph in tumor stem cells of mouse liver is significantly stronger than in non-tumor AML-12 cells. MSK1 chemical inhibitor, H89 decreased the induction of Pol III genes. DEN increased the rate of AML-12 cell proliferation. Furthermore, DEN induced colony formation of AML-12 cells in soft agar. Repression of Brf1 by its siRNA reduced Pol III gene transcription and inhibited the cell transformation by DEN. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DEN activates MSK1 and induces H3ph, which in turn mediate Brf1 expression to upregulate RNA Pol III transcription, resulting in increasing in cell proliferation and cell transformation. These studies will allow us to further uncover a novel molecular mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma by using MSK KO mice and conditional Brf1 KO mice. [This project was supported by NIH grant AA017288 and AA021114 to Shuping Zhong.] Citation Format: Shuping Zhong, Qingsong Zhang, Ganggang Shi. Role of deregulation of Pol III-dependent transcription in phenotypic alteration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1289. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1289