tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal Aspects of Cutaneous and Familial Diseases.
Authors: William M. Lukash
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Gastrointestinal Aspects of Cutaneous and Familial Diseases.William M. Lukash, M.D., F.A.C.P., Raymond B. Johnson, M.D., Dennis K. Wentz, M.D.William M. Lukash, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Raymond B. Johnson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Dennis K. Wentz, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1069_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptUnusual gastrointestinal manifestations may develop in certain heritable disorders commonly associated with distinctive cutaneous features. The following group of familial diseases, with illustrative case histories, are described: von Recklinghausen's disease, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and primary amyloidosis. In most of these conditions gastrointestinal bleeding was common, and lesions were seen and photographed during fiber-optic gastroscopy. A variety of gastrointestinal tumors was seen in von Recklinghausen's disease and included neurofibroma, leiomyoma, neurofibrosarcoma, and adenomatous polyps. Gastrointestinal polyps in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome were associated with protein-losing enteropathy and a mixed anemia. Intestinal obstruction due to intraluminal tumor encroachment and intussusception... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William M. Lukash, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Raymond B. Johnson, M.D.; Dennis K. Wentz, M.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1069-1070KeywordsAmyloidosisAnemiaEnteropathiesGastrointestinal cancersGenetic diseasesHemorrhageLesionsNeurofibromatosis type 1Proteins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Men v women v animals in drug advertisements
Authors: L. Breimer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The advertising of prescription drugs is a specialised activity in Europe because unlike usual marketing it is aimed at the prescriber and not the consumer. A letter in the BMJ in 1996 pointed out that advertisements in the journal for drugs used to treat disorders with a negative image used women and rarely featured men. To investigate whether sexist stereotyping was universal I inspected the advertisements in several medical publications of Europe, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.

In Sweden the advertisement for sertraline (Zoloft, in Britain Lustral) showed birds soaring away, with one left behind looking sadly through a window. The Danes used a cheerful picture of a flower. In the Netherlands there was a stylised drawing of the outline of a man wearing a hat filled with blue sky and clouds in front of a brick wall. The journal in Norway carried a full page, frontal photograph of a young woman; another showed an older lady in a two page spread; and a third version (20% usage) had half a page of an older man photographed from above. American advertisements varied: one showed a young woman in a humorous pose with a cat; another …
Nutritional and insulin regulation of fatty acid synthetase and leptin gene expression through ADD1/SREBP1.
Authors: J B Kim, P Sarraf, M Wright, K M Yao, E Mueller, G Solanes, B B Lowell, B M Spiegelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The ability to regulate specific genes of energy metabolism in response to fasting and feeding is an important adaptation allowing survival of intermittent food supplies. However, little is known about transcription factors involved in such responses in higher organisms. We show here that gene expression in adipose tissue for adipocyte determination differentiation dependent factor (ADD) 1/sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) 1, a basic-helix-loop-helix protein that has a dual DNA-binding specificity, is reduced dramatically upon fasting and elevated upon refeeding; this parallels closely the regulation of two adipose cell genes that are crucial in energy homeostasis, fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and leptin. This elevation of ADD1/SREBP1, leptin, and FAS that is induced by feeding in vivo is mimicked by exposure of cultured adipocytes to insulin, the classic hormone of the fed state. We also show that the promoters for both leptin and FAS are transactivated by ADD1/SREBP1. A mutation in the basic domain of ADD1/SREBP1 that allows E-box binding but destroys sterol regulatory element-1 binding prevents leptin gene transactivation but has no effect on the increase in FAS promoter function. Molecular dissection of the FAS promoter shows that most if not all of this action of ADD1/SREBP1 is through an E-box motif at -64 to -59, contained with a sequence identified previously as the major insulin response element of this gene. These results indicate that ADD1/SREBP1 is a key transcription factor linking changes in nutritional status and insulin levels to the expression of certain genes that regulate systemic energy metabolism.
Adiponectin gene polymorphism 45T&gt;G is associated with carotid artery plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: So Hun Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Kyu Yeon Hur, Hyun Joo Lee, Seung Jin Han, Jung Young Kwak, Chung Mo Nam, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee
Journal: Metabolism (2008)
Extra-articular tenodesis for anterior cruciate ligament rupture in amateur skiers.
Authors: P Neyret, J R Palomo, S T Donell, H Dejour
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1994)

Thirty one amateur skiers with 33 knees which had had a symptomatic chronic rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) treated with the Lemaire operation were reviewed retrospectively at an average of 4.5 years. Of the patients 23 were women. The operation failed to control symptoms in 17 out of the 33 knees. However the operation did control symptoms in 13 out of 19 knees in patients over 35 years old, compared with only three out of 14 knees in patients under 35 years old. Clinical and objective testing however showed that most knees were still unstable. Despite this 21 patients continued skiing. One patient with a successful result switched to playing tennis. Five patients gave up all sports. Four further patients, all under 35 years old, returned to skiing after an additional intra-articular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. An isolated extra-articular procedure in amateur skiers under 35 years old with symptomatic chronic ACL rupture is not recommended. They need at least an intra-articular reconstruction to control their symptoms and to stabilize the knee.
GASTROINTESTINAL ALLERGY SIMULATING REGIONAL GASTROENTERITIS
Authors: M. J. Gutmann
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Referring to the interesting paper inThe Journalby Blumstein and Johnson (Gastrointestinal Allergy Simulating Regional Enteritis,<b>147</b>:1441 [Dec. 8] 1951), I would like to mention an article I wrote in 1933 entitled "Allergic Symptoms Due to Foodstuffs (<i>Deut. med. Wchnschr.</i><b>59</b>:1281, 1933). This case has also found its way into textbooks. Urbach in his allergy text (New York, Grune &amp; Stratton, Inc., 1943) writes: "Gutmann's case is especially striking: the patient underwent seven laparotomies within six years because of very severe intestinal spasm simulating an ileus, the true cause of the condition was finally found to be hypersensitivity to yeast in beer." The finding of an allergy to yeast as the cause of the last attack saved the patient from another operation after the spasm had been relieved with epinephrine and ephedrine.
Physician as Serial Killer — The Shipman Case
Authors: Aneez Esmail
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

When a doctor does go wrong he is the first of criminals. He has nerve and he has knowledge.Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, "The Speckled Band"Harold Fredrick Shipman, a British general practitioner, was convicted on January 31, 2000, of murdering 15 of his patients (and of forging a will of one of them) while he was practicing in a small town in northwest England. He had killed these patients by administering lethal doses of diamorphine (diacetylmorphine). He was sentenced to 15 concurrent terms of life imprisonment but committed suicide while in custody on January 13, 2004. His conviction raised . . .
Both E12 and E47 Allow Commitment to the B Cell Lineage
Authors: Gretchen Bain, Els C.Robanus Maandag, Hein P.J.te Riele, Ann J Feeney, Ann Sheehy, Mark Schlissel, Susan A Shinton, Richard R Hardy, Cornelis Murre
Journal: Immunity (1997)

The E2A gene products, E12 and E47, are required for proper B cell development. Mice lacking the E2A gene products generate only a very small number of B220+ cells, which lack immunoglobulin DJH rearrangements. We have now generated mice expressing either E12 or E47. B cell development in mice expressing E12 but lacking E47 is perturbed at the pro-B cell stage, and these mice lack IgM+B220+ B cells in both bone marrow and spleen. IgM+B220+ B cells can be detected, albeit at significantly reduced levels, in the bone marrow and spleen of mice lacking E12. Ectopic expression of both E12 and E47 in a null mutant background shows that E12 and E47 act in concert to promote B lineage development. Taken together, the data indicate that both E12 and E47 allow commitment to the B cell lineage and act synergistically to promote B lymphocyte maturation.
Terminology and Change
Authors: Irving Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  The concluding sentence in Dr. Burgess Gordon's Special Communication, Standard Medical Terminology ( JAMA  191 :311 [Jan 25] 1965) states: ... thus, the quotation from J. M. Charcot may be appropriate: 'Disease is very old and nothing about it has changed. It is we who change as we learn to recognize what was formerly imperceptible.'  I suggest that this quotation is not only inappropriate but also inapplicable. Many aspects of most diseases have changed, thanks to medical science. If we fail to recognize some diseases it may be because they have been rendered imperceptible.
Recurrent somatic alterations of FGFR1 and NTRK2 in pilocytic astrocytoma
Authors: David T W Jones, Barbara Hutter, Natalie Jäger, Andrey Korshunov, Marcel Kool, Hans-Jörg Warnatz, Thomas Zichner, Sally R Lambert, Marina Ryzhova, Dong Anh Khuong Quang, Adam M Fontebasso, Adrian M Stütz, Sonja Hutter, Marc Zuckermann, Dominik Sturm, Jan Gronych, Bärbel Lasitschka, Sabine Schmidt, Huriye Şeker-Cin, Hendrik Witt, Marc Sultan, Meryem Ralser, Paul A Northcott, Volker Hovestadt, Sebastian Bender, Elke Pfaff, Sebastian Stark, Damien Faury, Jeremy Schwartzentruber, Jacek Majewski, Ursula D Weber, Marc Zapatka, Benjamin Raeder, Matthias Schlesner, Catherine L Worth, Cynthia C Bartholomae, Christof von Kalle, Charles D Imbusch, Sylwester Radomski, Chris Lawerenz, Peter van Sluis, Jan Koster, Richard Volckmann, Rogier Versteeg, Hans Lehrach, Camelia Monoranu, Beate Winkler, Andreas Unterberg, Christel Herold-Mende, Till Milde, Andreas E Kulozik, Martin Ebinger, Martin U Schuhmann, Yoon-Jae Cho, Scott L Pomeroy, Andreas von Deimling, Olaf Witt, Michael D Taylor, Stephan Wolf, Matthias A Karajannis, Charles G Eberhart, Wolfram Scheurlen, Martin Hasselblatt, Keith L Ligon, Mark W Kieran, Jan O Korbel, Marie-Laure Yaspo, Benedikt Brors, Jörg Felsberg, Guido Reifenberger, V Peter Collins, Nada Jabado, Roland Eils, Peter Lichter
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Needle tract recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: J DUMORTIER
Journal: Gut (2000)

Needle tract recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantationBackground-Percutaneous ultrasound guided needle aspiration biopsy is an eYcient procedure for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).However, this procedure may be responsible for metastatic seeding in the needle tract. 1 We present a case of metastatic subcutaneous seeding after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for cirrhosis complicated by HCC.Case report-A 29 year old man with a past history of chronic hepatitis C and alcoholism was admitted in July 1987 for hepatocellular insuYciency.The diagnosis of cirrhosis was confirmed by liver biopsy.In February 1997, a 30 mm intrahepatic focal lesion was discovered at ultrasonographic examination in segment III.Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level was normal.An ultrasound guided biopsy was performed using an 18 gauge needle.Histological examination showed HCC.In April 1997, OLT was performed.Examination of the liver explant showed a non-encapsulated, moderately diVerentiated HCC, measuring 3×8×12 cm, associated with a large intrahepatic venous extension.Immunosuppressive treatment consisted of tacrolimus, methylprednisolone, and azathioprine.Adjuvant epiadriamycin chemotherapy was performed.In September 1999, 29 months after OLT, the patient presented with a large mass located in the subcutaneous fat at the site of the initial needle puncture.No intrahepatic lesion was detected.The subcutaneous nodule was resected.Histological examination confirmed the metastatic HCC.The lesion was 4.5 cm in diameter, ill limited, and invaded the adjacent striated muscle.Discussion-The incidence of implantation metastases after fine needle diagnostic procedures has been estimated, according to multicentre questionnaires, to be less than 1/10 000. 2 Several factors are suspected of increasing the incidence of needle tract recurrence: large needle diameter, high number of passes, and absence of surrounding normal liver parenchyma. 2 Less than 30 needle tract seedings after biopsy of HCC have been reported during the past 16 years. 1However, the incidence is likely to be underestimated as most cases were probably not reported.Two recent comprehensive follow up studies from Japan and France have found needle tract seeding in 2% and 2.66% of patients, respectively. 3 4Recurrent subcutaneous seeding of HCC after OLT has been very rarely reported. 5In our institution, between 1991 and 1999 OLT was performed in 44 patients presenting with HCC.Fine needle aspirates
A 3-ARM randomized study evaluating the efficacy of triple therapy of pegylated or recombinant interferon alpha-2a 3 MU both combined with ribavirin and amantadine versus dual therapy of recombinant interferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin in naive patients with chronic HCV hepatitis
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Giovanni Ricci, Nicola Minerva, Marcello Persico, Vito Carretta, Donato Bacca, Franco Vinelli, Giuseppe Sogari, Vincenzo Guadagnino, Giovanni Maio, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Cardiac diseases in maintenance hemodialysis patients: Results of the HEMO Study
Authors: Alfred K. Cheung, Mark J. Sarnak, Guofen Yan, Michael Berkoben, Robert Heyka, Allen Kaufman, Julia Lewis, Michael Rocco, Robert Toto, David Windus, Daniel Ornt, Andrew S. Levey, None for the Hemo Study Group
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Acute clinical signs and outcome of concussion in National Hockey League (NHL) players
Authors: Paul Comper, Michael Hutchison
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objectives To describe and quantify the acute clinical signs of concussion in National Hockey League (NHL) players. Setting National Hockey League (NHL). Design Prospective case series of concussions over a 5 year period of regular season NHL games (2006–2011). Subjects Digital video images of 341 NHL players diagnosed with concussions. Outcome Measures Primary outcome measures were mechanism of contact (direct vs indirect trauma), observable acute clinical signs (eg, disorientation, loss of consciousness, balance difficulties, ‘slow to get up’), and time loss that is, time between the injury and medical clearance by the physician to return to competitive play). Results Approximately 20% of players diagnosed with concussions showed no on-ice clinical signs. Most frequent on-ice clinical signs were: (1) slow to get up; (2) clutching of the head/helmet; and (3) disorientation/dazed. The number of players with observable on-ice clinical signs, particularly for those who either sustained ‘Possible/Probable Loss of Consciousness’ declined following the 2009 season. None of the clinical signs predicted poor outcome (eg, greater than 21 days of time loss). Conclusions Concussion can produce a spectrum of acute on-ice clinical signs. Most commonly observed with the 5 year sample of NHL players were ‘slow to get up’, ‘clutching of the head/helmet’, and ‘disorientation/dazed’. Length of time to recovery was not predicted on the basis of acute observable signs. Competing interests One of the authors (PC) is a paid consultant for the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA).
Skeletal toxicity with isotretinoin therapy: a clinico-radiological evaluation
Authors: B.M. CAREY, G.J.S. PARKIN, W.J. CUNLIFFE, J. PRITLOVE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Skeletal toxicity is known to occur with high doses of isotretinoin (greater than 2 mg/kg/day). We have attempted to evaluate the clinical significance and document the extent of musculoskeletal toxicity associated with a relatively low dose of isotretinoin (0.5 mg/kg/day) used in the treatment of severe acne. Radiographs of 120 patients were examined. Twelve per cent showed minor changes (four patients had spinal hyperostoses and 10 had calcaneal hyperostoses). None of the musculoskeletal changes we observed was clinically significant. Comparison with matched control X-rays showed 8% of the controls to have similar non-significant changes. Follow-up of 11 of the patients with abnormal X-rays showed minor deterioration in one patient, no change in four and improvement in six. Thus, doses of 0.5 mg/kg/day isotretinoin in such patients did not produce any significant long-term musculoskeletal changes. With increasing use of this beneficial drug in acne, radiologists and dermatologists should be aware of its skeletal toxicity.
Endotoxin-induced nitric oxide synthesis in the perfused rat liver: Effects ofL-arginine and ammonium chloride
Authors: Matthias Wettstein, Wolfgang Gerok, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We used the single-pass-perfused rat liver model to study short-term regulation of endotoxin-inducible nitric oxide synthesis by following the release of nitrite and nitrate, the oxidation products of nitric oxide, into the effluent perfusate. In endotoxin-pretreated livers, the basal nitrite + nitrate release was 5.3 ± 1.2 nmol·gm liver −1 ·min −1 . Nitrite and nitrate release was stimulated by L-arginine in a dose-dependent and saturable fashion. Maximal nitrite + nitrate release with 1 mmol/L L-arginine infused to the influent perfusate was 10.2 ± 1.1 nmol·gm liver −1 ·min −1 , with a half-maximal effect at 53 μmol/L L-arginine. In the absence of molecular oxygen, nitric oxide synthesis was inhibited. Ammonium chloride infusion also stimulated nitrite and nitrate release to a maximal rate of 9.2 ± 0.8 nmol·gm liver −1 min −1 with half-maximal effects at 60 μmol/L ammonium chloride. Ammonium chloride-stimulated nitrite and nitrate release was abolished when urea synthesis was inhibited by bicarbonate-free liver perfusion. Citrulline and ornithine (200 μmol/L each) were without effect on nitrite and nitrate release. L-Nitroarginine methyl ester inhibited both, L-arglnine-and ammonium chloride-induced nitrite and nitrate release. Stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by L-arginine and ammonium chloride addition (1 mmol/L each) was accompanied by a threefold-to-fourfold increase of cyclic GMP release into the effluent perfusate. In livers of endotoxin-pretreated rats the urea production from L-arginine was higher than that in untreated livers, suggesting induction of an L-arginine transport system in hepatocytes by endotoxin. The regulation of hepatic nitric oxide production by physiological concentrations of L-arginine and ammonia in the portal vein may be of importance in cirrhosis. (Hepatology 1994;19:641-647).
Carbon dioxide laser vaporization of plaque psoriasis
Authors: Z. BEKASSY, B. ASTEDT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

The treatment of circumscribed plaque psoriasis with a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser as an out-patient procedure is reported in three patients. The growth of new tissue over the healed laser vaporized area was similar to normal skin and has remained free of psoriasis during a follow-up of 3.5 years. Laser vaporization appears to be a simple and effective alternative to conventional therapy in cases of plaque psoriasis.
Unusual complication of oesophageal reflux.
Authors: J. Lister
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Cbase 1.-A girl aged 20 developed facial twitching and sustained oculogyric crises after perphenazine 5 mg.In view of the known value of chlorpromazine in post-encephalitic oculogyric crises this drug wNas given empirically.Within minutes of receivina an intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine 25 mg. the oculogyric crisis and the muscle twitching ceased.Case 2.-A woman aged 38 developed her second dystonic reaction to trifluoperazine, approximately 5 mg. in dosage.The first reaction five years previously was diagnosed as hysteria.She showed facial twitching, trismus, and torti- collis.The reaction steadily worsened over eight hours, but within 10 minutes of intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine 25 mg.ceased entirely and did not recur.Case 3.-A girl aged 21 developed jerking of the limbs, twitching of the facial muscles, and retrocollic movements of the head.This followed 90 mg. of metoclopramide (Maxolon).Bcnztropine methanesulphonate 10 mg. was given intramuscularly with no effect over a two- hour period of observation.Chlorpromazine 25 mg.was given by intramuscular injection, and within minutes the reaction virtually ceased.In this case the movements recurred every three hours and over the next 48 hours this quick and predictable response to chlorpromazine was repeatedly confirmed, until the reaction finally ceased.
Few GPs tell patients of their diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: C. Vassilas, J Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Clafferty et al have found that under half of psychiatrists inform patients with Alzheimer's disease of their diagnosis.1 We recently published a study in which 372 questionnaires were sent to GPs asking about their practice in disclosing the diagnosis of dementia to …
GYNECOLOGY AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS
Authors: FREDERICK C. HOLDEN
Journal: JAMA (1927)

There are problems within our specialty, such as the working of the Sheppard-Towner Act, and there are others bound to arise which should make a glance at certain foreign experience of suggestive value. One good of travel is that it has a way of shaking up smug convictions. Thus, until it visited Scandinavia last summer, the American Gynecological Club may have thought that there was but one ideal solution of the midwife problem, or that our private patient pavilions were the last word, or that governments might better leave gynecology and obstetrics alone. As another example, the group of students of human fertility and sterility called the Committee on Maternal Health, which is busied in the survey of a terrain that is in part incognita to the American Medical Association, has been interested to discover that two great European nations such as Italy and Russia—each a government unafraid, and no