tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1105-179 Influence of coenzyme Q10 and cerivastatin on the flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: Results of the ENDOTACT study
Authors: Stephen Schroeder, Axel Kuettner, Torsten Beck, Thomas Athanasiou, Christof Burgstahler, Juergen Koch, Franz Enzmann, Christian Herdeg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The Probable Parental form of the Sharp-Tailed Filaria Found in the Blood of the Aboriginals of British Guiana
Authors: C. W. Daniels
Journal: BMJ (1899)

As the result of my own personal investigations I certainly concur with Mr.. Watson Cheyne, who says: " I may add my firm conviction that the patient's chance lies in the first operation.If this fails, either from imperfect removal of the disease, or on
Points from letters: Medical tales of captivity
Authors: T W Preston
Journal: BMJ (1976)

part-time consultant" is, if successful, always available to his patients and colleagues because the tradition of mixed medical practice has always meant availability as required, a true "whole-time doctor."I realise that I am perhaps over-emphasising the difference, but my reason for this is honourable and refers to a previous letter from my colleagues and myself (8 February, 1975, p 336).There is a difference between a profession and a trade.
Differential Myocardial Gene Delivery by Recombinant Serotype-Specific Adeno-associated Viral Vectors
Authors: Lingling Du, Masakuni Kido, Darwin V. Lee, Joseph E. Rabinowitz, R.Jude Samulski, Stuart W. Jamieson, Matthew D. Weitzman, Patricia A. Thistlethwaite
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Recombinant cross-packaging of adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome of one serotype into other AAV serotypes has the potential to optimize tissue-specific gene transduction and expression in the heart. To evaluate the role of AAV1 to 5 virion shells on AAV2 transgene transduction, we constructed hybrid vectors in which each serotype capsid coding domain was cloned into a common vector backbone containing AAV2 replication genes. Constructs were tested for expression in: (1) adult murine heart in vivo using direct injection of virus, (2) neonatal and adult murine ventricular cardiomyocytes in vitro, and (3) adult human ventricular cardiomyocytes in vitro, using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the measurable transgene. Serotype 1 virus demonstrated the highest transduction efficiency in adult murine cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo, while serotype 2 virus had the greater transduction efficiency in neonatal cardiomyocytes in vitro. Prolonged in vivo myocardial GFP expression was observed for up to 12 months using serotype 1 and 2 vectors only. In human cardiomyocytes, serotype 1 vector was superior in transduction efficiency, followed by types 2, 5, 4, and 3. These data establish a hierarchy for efficient serotype-specific vector transduction in myocardial tissue. AAV1 serotype packaging results in more efficient transduction of genes in the murine and human adult heart, compared to other AAV serotypes. Our results suggest that adult human cardiac gene therapy may be enhanced by the use of serotype 1-specific AAV vectors.
CHRONIC FIBRINOUS BRONCHITIS AS A SYMPTOM OF MEDIASTINAL COMPRESSION
Authors: Peter B. Mulligan
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>History.</h3> —J. W., a Polish boy, aged 7 years, was admitted to the Ashland State Hospital, Oct. 20, 1922, for relief of dyspnea, which was especially pronounced at night. He had been troubled for the previous six weeks with what he termed "heavy breathing." His present illness started in December, 1921, when he had a severe attack of pneumonia; he remained sickly until April, 1922. The following June he contracted diphtheria and measles, which were complicated by a croup-like cough which persisted up to the time of his admission to the hospital. About the middle of August, 1922, his breathing became quite dyspneic, such asthmatic attacks occurring most frequently at night, when he would become very cyanotic, and almost choke to death. His mother observed that, during his struggles for air, he found relief when he coughed up some material that her family physician called curdled milk. The material expectorated
Review of management of incidents involving exposure to blood in a London teaching hospital, 1989-91.
Authors: K. Oakley, C. Gooch, A. Cockcroft
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To review management of incidents involving exposure to blood reported to an occupational health unit. DESIGN--Analysis of all reported incidents from January 1989 to June 1991. SETTING--London teaching hospital. SUBJECTS--447 health care workers and students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Immunisation against hepatitis B virus before exposure, proportion of known source patients tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and HIV antibodies, and reasons for not testing known source patients. RESULTS--447 incidents were reported: 337 sharps injuries and 110 other exposures. 310 staff reporting incidents (205 (82%) nurses) were already immune to hepatitis B virus, nearly always because of immunisation. 345 source patients were identified, 77 of whom had already been tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (28 positive results) and 58 for HIV antibodies (18 positive results). Of those not previously tested, 145 of 266 were subsequently tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (two positive) and 149 of 287 for HIV antibodies (none positive). The main reasons for not testing source patients were that the incident was not considered a risk, that the patient had gone home, and that the clinical team were unwilling to ask the patient. Specific hepatitis B immunoglobulin was given to 18 staff who were not immune and was avoided in 11 cases by a negative result for the patient. Prophylactic zidovudine was discussed but not given to any staff member. CONCLUSIONS--Management of exposure to blood is improved by widespread immunisation against hepatitis B virus and by knowledge of source patients9 hepatitis B virus and HIV status.
P58Towards understanding the effect of ischaemia on epigenetic regulation by the histone demethylases
Authors: R Hancock, E Flashman, A Kawamura
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

JmjC (Jumonji C)-domain-containing human histone-lysine demethylase (KDM) enzymes are Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate dependent oxygenases involved in epigenetic regulation. The KDM4 sub-family demethylate di-and tri-methylated lysine residues 9 and 36 on Histone 3 (H3K9me2/3 and H3K36me2/3, respectively) regulating transcription (1). Increased methylation of these histone markers in macrophages under hypoxia, a pathological feature of many cardiovascular diseases, has been attributed to attenuation of KDM activity (2). Consistent with this, one enzymatic family member, KDM4E, has been shown to have a graded response to oxygen (3), suggesting an oxygen-sensing role similar to the related HIF hydroxylases (4). Furthermore, global epigenetic changes in cardiomyocytes have been detected in a rat model of cardiac hypertrophy, with levels of the H3K9me3 mark being significantly affected (5). We are therefore investigating the oxygen-dependence of the KDMs, and the consequences for their activity in ischaemic heart disease. The KDM4 isoform KDM4A has been linked to the development of cardiac hypertrophy in both mice and humans (6) and has therefore been the initial focus of our investigations. An in vitro oxygen-dependence assay on recombinant KDM4A demonstrated that the enzyme activity is highly sensitive to oxygen concentrations, leading us to investigate its response to different oxygen concentrations in cells. Intriguingly, HeLa cells subjected to hypoxia following overexpression of KDM4A retained higher levels of the H3K9me3 mark compared to cells incubated in normoxic conditions, as determined by immunofluorescence. Altered KDM4A activity under hypoxic conditions is likely to have significant implications for global histone methylation levels and thus transcriptional regulation in ischaemic cardiovascular disease states.
Erythroderma, palmoplantar keratoderma and profound failure to thrive in an infant
Authors: M. R. JUDGE, J. P. H. SHIELD, A. CANT, S. STROBEL, M. LEVIN, J. REISER, J. I. HARPER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

The case is reported of a female infant, who at the age of 3 months developed severe erythroderma, marked hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles and subsequently extreme growth failure and intermittent diarrhoea. Her course was complicated by life‐threatening infections but detailed investigation revealed no recognized underlying metabolic or immune abnormality.
Results of the first randomized multicentre trial on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Russia
Authors: A Karachunskiy, R Herold, A von Stackelberg, N Miakova, A Timakow, T Mahortih, L Bajdun, A Maschan, L Fechina, A Shamardina, S Dudkin, V Lebedev, S Varfolomeeva, V Timofeeva, J Roumiantseva, N Chipsanova, A Rumjanzew, G Henze
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Science, medicine, and the future: New interventions in hearing impairment
Authors: K. P Steel
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Hearing impairment is the most prevalent sensory deficit in the human population, with about 1 in 800 children born with a serious hearing impairment and more than 60% of people aged over 70 suffering sufficient hearing loss to benefit from a hearing aid (fig 1). 1 Sign language may be useful for a tiny proportion of those affected, those with profound childhood deafness, but for the vast majority of people with impaired hearing this is not an option, and social isolation combined with economic and educational disadvantage is the common outcome. Cochlear implants have improved the hearing of many adults and children with profound deafness, and surgery can relieve middle ear problems such as otosclerosis (which affects only a small proportion of hearing impaired people), but there is no medical (as opposed to surgical) treatment available for most people with sensorineural hearing impairment. In this article, I summarise recent progress in understanding the biology of deafness and outline some possibilities for alternative treatments that may be available in the future.



Fig 1. 
Progression of hearing impairment with age. Values are percentages in each age band of UK population with hearing impairment at the level indicated. Data from Davis 199511



The views expressed in this article have been developed over many years and are based on my personal experience of research in the subject, discussions with scientists and clinicians as well as with people affected by deafness, and extensive reading of the literature, only a tiny proportion of which has been cited here.

Our growing awareness and understanding of the role of genetics in deafness has given us hope that medical treatments may one day be developed. It is generally thought that about half the cases of childhood deafness are due to a single gene mutation, while the rest are due to …
Massive Occlusion of the Main Pulmonary Artery and Primary Branches
Authors: JORMA M. LEINASSAR, NELSON R. NILES
Journal: Circulation (1958)

This case of massive thrombotic occlusion of the main pulmonary artery is reported because of the size, extent, and duration of the process, because of the prominent findings leading to the correct clinical diagnosis, and, finally, because of the interesting secondary pathologic changes including myocardial infarction without significant coronary arteriosclerosis or occlusion.
Effect of Intracoronary Streptokinase Administered Immediately After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Long-Term Left Ventricular Infarct Size, Volumes, and Function
Authors: Murat Sezer, Arif Çimen, Emre Aslanger, Ali Elitok, Berrin Umman, Zehra Buğra, Ebru Yormaz, Cüneyt Türkmen, I.şık Adalet, Yilmaz Nişanci, Sabahattin Umman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Predicting the Subcellular Localization of Human Proteins Using Machine Learning and Exploratory Data Analysis
Authors: George K. Acquaah-Mensah, Sonia M. Leach, Chittibabu Guda
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

Abstract Identifying the subcellular localization of proteins is particularly helpful in the functional annotation of gene products. In this study, we use Machine Learning and Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques to examine and characterize amino acid sequences of human proteins localized in nine cellular compartments. A dataset of 3,749 protein sequences representing human proteins was extracted from the SWISS-PROT database. Feature vectors were created to capture specific amino acid sequence characteristics. Relative to a Support Vector Machine, a Multi-layer Perceptron, and a Naïve Bayes classifier, the C4.5 Decision Tree algorithm was the most consistent performer across all nine compartments in reliably predicting the subcellular localization of proteins based on their amino acid sequences (average Precision=0.88; average Sensitivity=0.86). Furthermore, EDA graphics characterized essential features of proteins in each compartment. As examples, proteins localized to the plasma membrane had higher proportions of hydrophobic amino acids; cytoplasmic proteins had higher proportions of neutral amino acids; and mitochondrial proteins had higher proportions of neutral amino acids and lower proportions of polar amino acids. These data showed that the C4.5 classifier and EDA tools can be effective for characterizing and predicting the subcellular localization of human proteins based on their amino acid sequences.
Plan B and the Politics of Doubt
Authors: Frank Davidoff, James Trussell
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternal drug histories and congenital abnormalities.
Authors: G Greenberg, W H Inman, J A Weatherall, A M Adelstein, J C Haskey
Journal: BMJ (1977)

We obtained drug histories for the first trimester of pregnancy for 836 mothers of congenitally malformed babies and for an equal number of control mothers of normal babies from the same doctors' practices. There was an association between the use of a hormonal pregnancy test and the subsequent birht of a malformed baby. There was also a greater use of barbiturates by mothers of affected children compared with mothers of control babies, mainly accounted for by treatment of epileptic mothers with phenobarbitone. For all other drugs usage was similar in both sets of mothers.
Short ACTH test in assessing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function.
Authors: H Kehlet, M Blichert-Toft, J Lindholm, P Rasmussen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The adrenocortical response to the simple 30-minute ACTH stimulation test was compared with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in 25 patients with various degrees of hypothalamic-pituitary malfunction. The correlations between the increase in plasma cortisol during insulin hypoglycaemia and that during ACTH stimulation (r = 0-66) and between peak plasma cortisol levels during the two tests (r = 0-90) were highly significant. Peak plasma cortisol levels in individual patients were similar on both tests, no patient showing any major discrepancy between the two test results. Thus the simple 30-minute ACTH stimulation test seems to be reliable in detecting imparied HPA function.
Susto: A Folk Illness
Authors: Arthur Kleinman
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<i>Susto</i>is a folk illness term that is widely applied in Latin America. It indicates a serious fright or startling experience that has caused the<i>asustado</i>to lose his vital essence and thereby fall ill. The term is applied etiologically to a wide range of pediatric and adult problems. Among the latter, the sufferer is classically described as restless during sleep, listless, debilitated, depressed, and indifferent to food, dress, and personal hygiene. Susto is not culture bound in a strict sense, inasmuch as it is found among distinctive Hispanic and Amerindian groups, and very similar frightlike conditions have been described in India, Taiwan, and other nonwestern societies. Nonetheless, this folk term draws its particular meaning from the Hispanic tradition in Latin America. For decades, anthropologists and physicians have described cases of susto and speculated on its causes and consequences. In fact, the literature on susto is probably more extensive than
Abstract 3065: The role of miR-18b in MDM2-p53 pathway signaling and melanoma progression.
Authors: Altaf A. Dar, Shahana Majid, David de Semir, Vladimir Bezrookove, Mehdi Nosrati, Mohammed Kashani-Sabet
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are differentially expressed in various tumors. While p53 is inactivated by point mutations in many tumors, melanomas rarely harbor mutations in the p53 gene. Here we report the biological role of miR-18b in melanoma via targeting the MDM2-p53 pathway. Expression of miR-18b was significantly suppressed in melanoma specimens and cell lines by virtue of hypermethylation, and was re-induced in melanoma cell lines following 5-AZA-deoxycytidine treatment. Lower levels of miR-18b expression in primary melanoma were associated with significantly reduced overall survival. MDM2 was identified as a target of miR-18b action, as miR-18b significantly suppressed the luciferase activity of a reporter plasmid containing the 3’UTR sequence of MDM2 complementary to the miR-18b seed sequence. Induction of miR-18b expression in melanoma cells resulted in reduced MDM2 expression, upregulation of p53 as well as PUMA and p21, and suppression of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 and BCL-XL genes, resulting in significant suppression of melanoma cell proliferation. The effects of miR-18b overexpression on the p53 pathway and on melanoma cell growth were reversed by MDM2 overexpression. Stable overexpression of miR-18b produced potent tumor suppressor activity, as evidenced by suppressed melanoma cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and reduced tumor cell growth in vivo. In addition, miR-18b overexpression suppressed melanoma cell migration and invasiveness, and reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in melanoma cell lines. Our results demonstrate a novel role for miR-18b as a tumor suppressor in melanoma, identify the MDM2-p53 pathway as a target of miR-18b action, and suggest miR-18b overexpression as a novel strategy to reactivate the p53 pathway in human tumors. Citation Format: Altaf A. Dar, Shahana Majid, David de Semir, Vladimir Bezrookove, Mehdi Nosrati, Mohammed Kashani-Sabet. The role of miR-18b in MDM2-p53 pathway signaling and melanoma progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3065. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3065
Cases of chikungunya fever imported from the islands of the South West Indian Ocean to Paris, France
Authors: P Hochedez, P Hausfater, S Jaureguiberry, F Gay, A Datry, M Danis, F Bricaire, P Bossi
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

An outbreak of chikungunya fever has been occurring in the islands of the South West Indian Ocean since early 2005. We describe the clinical and biological manifestations observed in 80 patients presenting with confirmed imported chikungunya fever in our infectious disease department between March 2005 and August 2006. Forty eight patients were women (60%) and the median age was 50 years (range: 15-75).
Beta-adrenergic blockade and cardiac arrhythmias.
Authors: G Sloman, M Stannard
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The evaluation of beta-adrenergic blockade in cardiac arrhythmias is difficult because of the complex nature of the arrhythmias and the varied modes of action of blocking drugs.Studies have confirmed the therapeutic value of the beta- adrenergic blocking drug pronethalol (Alderlin) (Vaughan
Risk stratification of patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction. The critical role of ST segment depression. The Diltiazem Reinfarction Study Research Group.
Authors: K B Schechtman, R J Capone, R E Kleiger, R S Gibson, D J Schwartz, R Roberts, P M Young, W E Boden
Journal: Circulation (1989)

One-year follow-up data on 515 patients who survived hospitalization with MB-creatine kinase-confirmed, acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction were analyzed for factors related to mortality (n = 57) and late reinfarction (n = 64). Twelve of 24 analyzed variables were significantly associated with mortality. Those factors, which were independently predictive of mortality by Cox regression analysis, were persistent ST depression (p = 0.0009), a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) (p = 0.0069), older age (p = 0.0128), and ST elevation at hospital discharge (p = 0.0173). In-hospital reinfarction achieved borderline significance (p = 0.0512). Mortality during the follow-up period was 5.5% in patients with no ST depression, 10.1% in those with ST depression at baseline or discharge, and 22.2% in patients with ST depression at baseline and discharge (i.e., "persistent" ST depression). The age-adjusted risk of mortality for patients with persistent ST depression, discharge-ST elevation, and CHF was 13.99 times as high as was the risk for patients with no ST depression, no discharge-ST elevation, and no CHF. Of the 483 patients with complete electrocardiographic data at both baseline and discharge, 203 (42%) could be stratified into a high risk population with a risk ratio for 1-year mortality more than sevenfold that of patients with no risk factors. Although persistent ST depression was significantly associated with several measures of structural left ventricular damage, the independent significance of ST depression persisted even after adjusting for these factors. The independent predictors of late reinfarction (persistent ST depression, p = 0.0058; Killip class II or III, p = 0.0106; and left ventricular hypertrophy, p = 0.0470) permitted a similar risk stratification. We conclude that 1) easily identified clinical and electrocardiographic factors permit stratification of patients with non-Q wave infarction into high-risk subsets who may benefit from aggressive therapy; 2) ST depression is a highly significant and independent predictor of poor prognosis; and 3) the powerful predictive value of persistent ST depression suggests that non-Q wave myocardial infarction patients with this depression should be viewed as potentially high-risk patients who may be candidates for additional noninvasive testing or early coronary angiography.