tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy in Cocaine-Dependent Women
Authors: Megan J. Rutherford, John S. Cacciola, Arthur I. Alterman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the lifetime prevalence of antisocial personality disorder according to five diagnostic systems and the prevalence of psychopa­thy in a study group of women. The relationship between antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy was also examined. Finally, differences in treatment admission variables based on the presence or absence of antisocial personality disorder and/or psychopathy were evaluated. METHOD: Antisocial personality disorder was diagnosed in 137 treatment-seeking, cocaine-dependent women according to the Feighner criteria, Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), and DSM-III, DSM-III-R, and DSM-IV criteria. Psychopathy was assessed by the Revised Psychopathy Checklist. RESULTS: Rates of antisocial personality disorder varied from 76% according to the Feighner criteria to 11% for the RDC. Nineteen percent (N=26) of the women scored in the moderate to high range on the Revised Psychopathy Checklist. All of these women were diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder according to DSM-III and Feighner criteria, but only 15 of the 26 were diagnosed according to DSM-III-R, 12 according to DSM-IV, and six with the RDC. Moderate levels of psychopa­thy were associated with a history of illegal activity at treatment admission, whereas antisocial personality disorder was not. CONCLUSIONS: There was relatively little diagnostic agreement between classification systems. This study indicates that antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy are not synonymous terms for the same disorder. Findings support a need to redefine antisocial personality disorder diagnostic criteria to make them gender neutral by including behaviors associated specifically with antisociality in women.
Fish out of water
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Saul Bellow's last novel, Ravelstein , is a roman a clef, Ravelstein being Allan Bloom, the literary academic and Bellow's close friend, who made a fortune towards the end of his life with his book The Closing of the American Mind and then died shortly afterwards from AIDS. Another of the characters, Radu Grielescu, is the egregious historian of religions, Mircea Eliade, who taught for many years at Chicago University and who covered up his deep support in the 1930s for—and involvement in—the genocidal Iron Guard in Romania, by means of a pipe smoking persona that implied that the religious wisdom of ages had somehow rubbed off on him. (It is astonishing how deeply postwar intellectual life in Europe and America …
960 ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND AS AN EARLY DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE FOR PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS - A PROSPECTIVE PILOT STUDY
Authors: H.H. Lutz, H.E. Wasmuth, K. Streetz, F. Tacke, A. Koch, T. Luedde, C. Trautwein, J.J.W. Tischendorf
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Clinical Implications of Total and Isoenzyme Lactic Dehydrogenase Activity in Sputum.
Authors: Felix Wroblewski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Clinical Implications of Total and Isoenzyme Lactic Dehydrogenase Activity in Sputum.Felix Wroblewski, M.D., F.A.C.P., Ida Levine, M.D., Augusta Flieg, B.S., M. Sansur, Ph.D.Felix Wroblewski, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Ida Levine, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Augusta Flieg, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, M. Sansur, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1187_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLactio dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was found to be present in all 64 sputum specimens examined. Total LDH activity appears to be related to the clinical severity of the bronchopulmonary disturbance but not to the etiologic factors. The slowest migrating LDH isoenzymes (LDH1and LDH2) were present in all the specimens examined. LDH3, LDH4, and LDH5activity appeared in increasing amounts in the presence of progressive, or clinically severe, or both, bronchopulmonary disease. Since human bronchopulmonary tissue has a preponderance of the three fastest electrophoretically migrating LDH isoenzymes, the presence of LDH3, LDH4, and LDH5in sputum in the course of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1187-1187KeywordsDehydrogenasesLactate dehydrogenaseSputum Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Peptide-induced mRNAs in whole blood ex vivo as a unique assay for peptide-specific T cell immunity
Authors: Masato Mitsuhashi, Jane B Trepel, Min-Jung Lee, Sunmin Lee, Masaki Terabe, Jay A Berzofsky, Lauren V Wood
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Assessment of antigen-specific humoral immunity (IgG) is established and used clinically, whereas the analysis of antigen-specific cellular immunity is not applied as a routine clinical test, due to the complexity of assay procedures. Antigen specificity in cellular immunity means
Mortality With Legal Abortion in New York City, 1970-1972
Authors: Christopher Tietze
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A survey was conducted to obtain information on mortality resulting from legal abortions during the first 2 years of New York's liberalized abortion law, mid-1970 to mid-1972. Approximately 402,000 women underwent abortions during this period, 65% of whom were nonresidents. 80% of the abortions were performed at 12 weeks or less gestation. To track down the postoperative experiences of the out-of-state patients, a questionnaire inquiring about contact with New York abortion patients was mailed to 20,336 practicing obstetricians and gynecologists in the United States, of whom 54.5% responded. 16 deaths associated with legal abortion were reported by the New York Department of Health (11 residents and 5 nonresidents), and 4 more deaths were reported by the mail survey, for an overall mortality rate of 5 deaths per 100,000 legal abortions. Mortality was 9 times higher in the second trimester (17.4) than in the first trimester of pregnancy (1.9). Mortality was lowest when the vacuum aspiration method was used (1.1) and increased with the other methods: dilatation and curettage (2.4), hypertonic saline induction (18.8), and hysterotomy (208.3). Though it is not certain that all out-of-state deaths have been reported, these mortality statistics compare favorably with the experiences of other countries.
Paracrine WNT5A Signaling Inhibits Expansion of Tumor-Initiating Cells
Authors: Nicholas Borcherding, David Kusner, Ryan Kolb, Qing Xie, Wei Li, Fang Yuan, Gabriel Velez, Ryan Askeland, Ronald J. Weigel, Weizhou Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

It is not well understood how paracrine communication between basal and luminal cell populations in the mammary gland affects tumorigenesis. During ErbB2-induced mammary tumorigenesis, enriched mammary stem cells that represent a subpopulation of basal cells exhibit enhanced tumorigenic capacity compared with the corresponding luminal progenitors. Transcript profiling of tumors derived from basal and luminal tumor-initiating cells (TIC) revealed preferential loss of the noncanonical Wnt ligand WNT5A in basal TIC-derived tumors. Heterozygous loss of WNT5A was correlated with shorter survival of breast cancer patients. In a mouse model of ErbB2-induced breast cancer, Wnt5a heterozygosity promoted tumor multiplicity and pulmonary metastasis. As a TGFβ substrate, luminal cell-produced WNT5A induced a feed-forward loop to activate SMAD2 in a RYK and TGFβR1-dependent manner to limit the expansion of basal TIC in a paracrine fashion, a potential explanation for the suppressive effect of WNT5A in mammary tumorigenesis. Our results identify the WNT5A/RYK module as a spatial regulator of the TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway in the context of mammary gland development and carcinogenesis, offering a new perspective on tumor suppression provided by basal-luminal cross-talk in normal mammary tissue.
Danes impose 25% tax increases on ice cream, chocolate, and sweets to curb disease
Authors: R. Wilkins
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Danes impose 25% tax increases on ice cream, chocolate, and sweets to curb disease Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Medical education and resident work hours
Authors: A. P. Giardino
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical students still suffer mistreatment by faculty, resident doctors, and nurses, US report says
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Efforts to report and stop the mistreatment of medical students have not had any effect, concludes a study conducted at the David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles.

More than half of medical students reported some mistreatment during their third year, when they began clinical clerkships and to work with residents, attending physicians, medical school faculty, nurses, and patients, and family members, found the study, published in Academic Medicine , the journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.1

Categories of mistreatment included physical, verbal, and sexual harassment and ethnic and power abuse problems, which were categorized as mild, moderate, and severe. …
Abnormal serotonergic stimulation of cortisol production in obstructive sleep apnea.
Authors: D W Hudgel, E A Gordon, H Y Meltzer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Because serotonin (5-HT) precursor or reuptake inhibitors improve obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), we hypothesized that brain serotonergic activity may be decreased in OSA. To test this hypothesis, we measured the cortisol response to the ingestion of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP), a 5-HT precursor that is decarboxylated to 5-HT in the brain. Either L-5-HTP or an identical-looking placebo was administered at 0800, and blood was obtained over the following 4 h for serum cortisol determination. A placebo-controlled ACTH stimulation test was performed to evaluate adrenal function. We found that a group of 11 OSA patients had significantly higher cortisol production after L-5-HTP administration compared with a group of 11 control nonapneic subjects. The pretest cortisol levels and ACTH stimulation test results were not different between the two groups. We conclude that the cortisol response to L-5-HTP was elevated in the OSA patients studied, most likely as a result of increased hypophyseal 5-HT activity. We speculate that the 5-HT postsynaptic receptors that induce corticotropin releasing factor production and release are upregulated, or supersensitized, as a result of a brain 5-HT-deficient state that exists during sleep in OSA. We anticipate that medullary serotonergic neurons that affect ventilation would be altered similarly.
RELATIONSHIP AMONG SERIAL CORONARY ARTERIAL REMODELING, STENOSIS PROGRESSION, AND PLAQUE COMPOSITION: A VH-IVUS TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS
Authors: So-Yeon Choi, Akiko Maehara, Gary S. Mintz, Takashi Kubo, M. Pauliina Margolis, Gregg W. Stone, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
802 Impaired blood clearance of macromolecules in a porcine acute liver failure model, with or without treatment with molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS), suggesting functional absence of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC)
Authors: G NEDREDAL, K ELVEVOLD, L YTREBO, S SEN, C ROSE, B SMEDSROD, A REVHAUG
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The relationship between post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG) and post-challenge plasma glucose (PCG) within individuals was investigated in Japanese population. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and measurements of PPG 2 h after ingestion of a standardized rice-based meal (PPG2h), were performed in 4471 middle-aged Japanese subjects (2774 men and 1697 women, 50.7 ± 8.5 years). There was a loose correlation between PPG2h and PCG2h (r = 0.327, p < 0.001). The diabetes group (n = 170) showed the highest PPG2h, followed by the IGT group (n = 786) and the NGT group (n = 3414) (p < 0.05). At the cutoff point of 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l) for PPG2h, specificities were 94.9% for IGT plus diabetes and 92.9% for diabetes, but sensitivities were as low as 23.2% for IGT plus diabetes and 44.7% for diabetes. The correlation of PPG2h with PCG2h was stronger in the obese group (BMI ≧ 25 kg/m2) than in the lean group (BMI < 20 kg/m2). We conclude that the correlation between PPG2h and PCG2h was significant but not very tight. In evaluating PPG2h, if the cutoff point of 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l) for PCG2h is extrapolated, the majority of subjects with dysglycemia could be overlooked.
Case of complete gastric rupture complicating resuscitation.
Authors: S G Darke, E Bloomfield
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Asymptomatic Urethral Gonorrhoea in MenThe presence of asymptomatic female carriers of gonorrhoea has been recognized for many years and is an important factor in the disease's persistence.The concept of asymptomatic infection in the male was described nearly 20 years ago.' Two recent studies at the Norfolk Venereal Disease Clinic, Virginia, showed that about 10% of men exposed to women with culture-proved gonorrhoea harboured organisms in their urethrae without showing signs or symptoms.,These men are potentially infectious and are more likely to develop complications,.and Hunter Handsfield et al.4 have emphasized that they form a reservoir of asymptomatic carriers.We report here on 24 such patients. Patients and MethodsOver seven months 24 cases of asymptomatic gonococcal urethritis were seen by one doctor (P.M.P.).None of the 24 patients had symptoms such as discomfort during micturition or urethral discharge.From a public health point of view what the patient perceives as symptoms of gonorrhoea or a sexually transmitted disease is more important than the finding of signs during examination by the physician.
Immunosuppressive therapy in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy and myocardial uptake of gallium-67.
Authors: J B O'Connell, J A Robinson, R E Henkin, R M Gunnar
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Thirty-nine patients with idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy underwent gallium-67 scintigraphy. Twenty had no evidence of myocardial uptake (group I) and 19 had demonstrable myocardial gallium-67 activity (group II). There was no significant difference in age, sex, duration of symptoms, antecedent viral illness, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, or ejection fraction between the two groups. Fifteen patients in group II were treated with prednisone and azathioprine for a minimum of 8 months. Nine of 15 patients were clinically unchanged and gallium-67 scans remained positive (group IIa). Six patients had significant improvement and resolution of myocardial gallium-67 uptake (group IIb). The mean change in ejection fraction was +0.2% in group I, -4.8% in Group IIa, and +13.8% in group IIb. There were five deaths in group I (25% mortality), three in group IIa (33% mortality), and no deaths in group IIb. The only significant difference between patients in group IIa and those in group IIb was a greater left ventricular posterior wall thickness in group IIa patients. Twenty control patients without cardiac disease had negative gallium-67 scans. We conclude that gallium-67 myocardial scintigraphy may be a useful test for predicting the response to prednisone and azathioprine therapy.
Inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase by enantiomers of penciclovir triphosphate and metabolic basis for selective inhibition of HBV replication by penciclovir
Authors: T Shaw, S S Mok, S A Locarnini
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The deoxyguanosine analog penciclovir (PCV; 9–[4–hydroxy–3–hydroxymethyl–but–1–yl]guanine), has shown potent antiviral activity against herpes viruses and hepadnaviruses. Efficacy against chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been demonstrated in an animal model and in recent clinical trials of famciclovir, the oral form of PCV. The antiviral activity of PCV is believed to be dependent on the intracellular formation of PCV–triphosphate (PCV–TP) which is presumed to inhibit HBV replication by interfering with viral DNA polymerase activity. The ( S )–enantiomer is preferentially formed in herpes virus–infected cells, and is the more active against the herpes simplex virus; however, little is known about the biochemical mechanisms of PCV phosphorylation or of interference with viral replication in HBV–infected cells. Here, we report that in contrast with herpes simplex virus, the (R)–enantiomer of PCV–TP is a more potent inhibitor of HBV DNA polymerase–reverse transcriptase (pol–RT) in vitro than the ( S )–enantiomer. In assays for HBV DNA pol–RT activity, in which purified viral core particles were the enzyme source, the IC50s for ( R )– and ( S )–enantiomers of PCV–TP were 2.5 micromol/L and 11 micromol/L, respectively. The estimated Kis for ( R )– and ( S )– PCV–TP were approximately 0.03 micromol/L and approximately .04 micromol/L, respectively, about 3–fold lower than the Km for deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) in the same system. In addition, we report that PCV metabolism is similar in both control (HepG2) and in HBV–transfected (2.2.15) hepatoblastoma cells in vitro , indicating that cellular enzyme(s) catalyze PCV phosphorylation. Peak PCV–TP concentrations of about .4 micromol/L were reached in both cell types in less than 12 hours, and intracellular PCV–TP was exceptionally stable with a half–life of about 18 hours. These observations provide a mechanistic basis for the potent activity of PCV against HBV.
THE HISTORY OF DERMATOLOGY IN DUBLIN
Authors: DAVID MITCHELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article THE HISTORY OF DERMATOLOGY IN DUBLIN Get access DAVID MITCHELL DAVID MITCHELL Department of Medicine, Dublin University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue 5, 1 May 1970, Page 521, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb02216.x Published: 01 May 1970 Article history Accepted: 24 September 1969 Published: 01 May 1970
Continuing Medical Education — An Epidemiologic Evaluation
Authors: Charles E. Lewis, Ruth S. Hassanein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

During 1956–65, 57 per cent of the 2090 physicians practicing in Kansas participated in courses of continuing education offered by the State University. Approximately 7 per cent of all physicians took half of all hours of continuing education recorded. Participation was influenced by the type of practice and was related to graduation from the State Medical School, access to circuit centers, status of recent graduate and practice of a specialty. Participation was unrelated to class standing in medical school and was lowest in metropolitan areas. Maternal and perinatal death rates in various areas were unrelated to hours of continuing education in obstetrics and pediatrics taken by local physicians. Similarly, high regional rates for certain operative procedures were not associated with increased use of appropriate postgraduate education.
A renal riddle
Authors: T. C Booth, R. Hargunani
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A routine prenatal ultrasound scan found an abnormality in the fetus’s right kidney. The neonate had normal renal function, but postnatal ultrasonography of the kidney was indicated. The findings (fig 1⇓) called for further imaging tests.



Fig 1 Longitudinal ultrasound of kidney





Fig 2 99mTc-MAG3 diuresis renogram



### Short answers



Fig 3 99mTc-MAG 3 diuresis renogram. Red arrow shows radioisotope is still present at 25 minutes in the upper pole of the right kidney; yellow arrow shows flattened curve of right kidney, which represents upper pole obstruction



### Long answers

#### 1 Prenatal hydronephrosis and duplex kidney

Infants referred for postnatal ultrasonography are those who, at the prenatal 18-20 weeks scan, are found to have a renal pelvic diameter of 5 mm or more.1 A prenatal renal pelvic diameter below 12 mm is usually …
Fatal breathing dysfunction in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome
Authors: Albert Quintana, Sebastien Zanella, Henner Koch, Shane E. Kruse, Donghoon Lee, Jan M. Ramirez, Richard D. Palmiter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Leigh syndrome (LS) is a subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy with gliosis in several brain regions that usually results in infantile death. Loss of murine Ndufs4, which encodes NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) iron-sulfur protein 4, results in compromised activity of mitochondrial complex I as well as progressive neurodegenerative and behavioral changes that resemble LS. Here, we report the development of breathing abnormalities in a murine model of LS. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintense bilateral lesions in the dorsal brain stem vestibular nucleus (VN) and cerebellum of severely affected mice. The mutant mice manifested a progressive increase in apnea and had aberrant responses to hypoxia. Electrophysiological recordings within the ventral brain stem pre-Bötzinger respiratory complex were also abnormal. Selective inactivation of Ndufs4 in the VN, one of the principle sites of gliosis, also led to breathing abnormalities and premature death. Conversely, Ndufs4 restoration in the VN corrected breathing deficits and prolonged the life span of knockout mice. These data demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction within the VN results in aberrant regulation of respiration and contributes to the lethality of Ndufs4-knockout mice.