tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glomerulonephritis Associated with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Karl Steiner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE constitutional character of atopic dermatitis is generally recognized.1 The frequent association of this dermatitis with hay fever, asthma and urticaria and the demonstration of specific antibodies by skin tests and passive transfers are sufficient evidence of the allergic nature of the disease. The frequent familial occurrence further establishes the genetic trend to atopic allergy.On the other hand, allergic mechanisms have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, or at least of certain forms of this disease.2 In view of this, the simultaneous occurrence of atopic dermatitis and glomerulonephritis might be considered as more than coincidental. In the . . .
164 Hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation - early and dose escalating antiviral therapy with interferon alpha and ribavirin increases tolerability without losing effectiveness
Authors: M. Schuchmann, G. Greif-Higer, M. Wunsch, C. Mönch, A.P. Barreiros, B. Elke, W.O. Böcher, S. Kanzler, P.R. Galle, A.W. Lohse, G. Otto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
SITES OF FORMATION OF IMMUNE GLOBULINS AND OF A COMPONENT OF C'3
Authors: R. Asofsky, G. J. Thorbecke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Human, and monkey tissues were cultured in the presence of labeled amino acid. The culture fluids were then examined for labeled serum proteins by means of autoradiography of immunoelectrophoretic patterns prepared from mixtures of the fluids and carrier sera. Gamma globulin, beta(2A)-globulin, beta(2M)globulin, and beta(1C)-globulin were found to be formed in human lymph node, bone marrow, and ileum. Gamma globulin, beta(2M)-globulin, and beta(1C)-globulin were found to be formed in monkey spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow. Formation of several other serum proteins was observed in the monkey liver.
Thyroid Hormone Use in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Robert B. Wallace, Barry M. Sherman, Judy A. Bean, James Leeper
Journal: JAMA (1978)

IN 1976, Kapdi and Wolfe<sup>1</sup>reported that among women undergoing mammography, the prevalence of breast cancer was higher among those who had received thyroid hormone therapy than among those who did not. A reanalysis of the published data<sup>2</sup>showed that breast cancer frequency correlated with increasing age, and that within each group there was no clear-cut relationship with the presence or duration of thyroid hormone therapy. In a companion article, the American Thyroid Association<sup>3</sup>reviewed the biological and statistical evidence for a role of thyroid hormone therapy in the cause and pathogenesis of breast cancer. They found the evidence for this relationship tenuous, and recommended that patients taking thyroid hormones for well-established indications continue to take their medications. In a case-control study testing menstrual and reproductive hypotheses relating to breast cancer risk at the University of Iowa, we have collected information concerning the use and duration of
Does the beneficial effect of distal protection in saphenous vein graft interventions vary with lesion length? A SAFER (Saphenous Vein Graft Angioplasty Free of Emboli Randomized) substudy
Authors: Gregory R. Giugliano, Ross Prpic, Donald E. Cutlip, Jeffrey J. Popma, Kalon L. Ho, Laura Mauri, Unsal Kaya, Dennis Wahr, Barry George, Donald S. Baim, Richard E. Kuntz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Health and disease in people over 85
Authors: T. Perls
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Summary</h3> With the increasing availability of biobank-scale datasets that incorporate both genomic data and electronic health records, many associations between genetic variants and phenotypes of interest have been discovered. Polygenic risk scores (PRS), which are being widely explored in precision medicine, use the results of association studies to predict the genetic component of disease risk by accumulating risk alleles weighted by their effect sizes. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated best practices for PRS in global populations across different diseases. In this study, we utilize data from the Global-Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative (GBMI), which consists of individuals from diverse ancestries and across continents, to explore methodological considerations and PRS prediction performance in 9 different biobanks for 14 disease endpoints. Specifically, we constructed PRS using heuristic (pruning and thresholding, P+T) and Bayesian (PRS-CS) methods. We found that the genetic architecture, such as SNP-based heritability and polygenicity, varied greatly among endpoints. For both PRS construction methods, using a European ancestry LD reference panel resulted in comparable or higher prediction accuracy compared to several other non-European based panels; this is largely attributable to European descent populations still comprising the majority of GBMI participants. PRS-CS overall outperformed the classic P+T method, especially for endpoints with higher SNP-based heritability. For example, substantial improvements are observed in East-Asian ancestry (EAS) using PRS- CS compared to P+T for heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Notably, prediction accuracy is heterogeneous across endpoints, biobanks, and ancestries, especially for asthma which has known variation in disease prevalence across global populations. Overall, we provide lessons for PRS construction, evaluation, and interpretation using the GBMI and highlight the importance of best practices for PRS in the biobank-scale genomics era.
Handling Aggression and Violence in Health Services: A Training Programme
Authors: R. Hobbs
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Willie More, Janet Maguire PEPAR Publications, pounds sterling95, pp various ISBN 948680 42 3

Violent assault during the course of their professional duties remains a relatively low risk to health workers. However, the fear of suffering violence continues to increase and there is evidence that this fear, even if unfounded, is contributing to the demotivation and disillusionment reported among some health workers.

Educational material that is designed to consider the issues surrounding violence and enable staff to feel more in control of both their fear and the potential risks is therefore welcome. There has been a mushrooming of books and booklets on this subject in recent years, but few training opportunities exist. Handling Aggression and Violence in Health Services is a training manual (the third such publication on handling violence in the health service during 1995) that seeks to answer an important question: having raised concerns among health service staff about the risks …
Importance of surgical consultation after ultrasonic diagnosis.
Authors: R J Brereton
Journal: BMJ (1984)

But does this mean that we should have a national grocery board and a series of general managers to control the grocery industry in each district ?This would be as relevant to the grocery industry as it is to the National Health Service.It is now too late to turn back, however, and we must continue to divert our energies and some of our best brains into devising a meaningful job description for general managers and in trying to devise ways of measuring their effectiveness.
Acting Locally and Globally: Myc's Ever-Expanding Roles on Chromatin
Authors: Natalia V. Varlakhanova, Paul S. Knoepfler
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Myc regulates key cellular processes including cell cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has long been thought to direct these functions by acting solely as a classic transcription factor regulating expression of a small number of key target genes through discrete chromatin events in their promoters. A recent wave of genomics studies together directly challenge the narrowness of this model. For example, Myc binds to tens of thousands of sites in the human genome. It also regulates histone acetylation at and transcription of a remarkable number of genes, far beyond that expected of a classical transcription factor. The influence of Myc on chromatin also surprisingly extends to both genic and expansive intergenic regions. These studies support an evolving model in which Myc activity on chromatin is far more complex than previously imagined. The ability of Myc to act both locally and globally on chromatin may be responsible for its wide-ranging effects on the biology of stem and tumor cells.
Reporting Adverse Events and Product Problems Electronically
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scintigraphy in Assessment of the Feasibility of Separation of a Set of Xipho-Omphalopagous Conjoined Twins
Authors: GIUSEPPE RUBINI, GUGLIELMO PARADIES, ANTONIO LEGGIO, ANGELO DʼADDABBO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

An account is given of the assessment of a set of xlphoomphalopagous twins by means of Tc-99m microcoiloid human serum albumin (HSA) and Tc-99m HIDA scintigraphy before their successful separation. The Tc-99m HSA examination showed the absence of connections between the two hearts and major vessels, as well as the independent vascularization of each liver parenchyma and absence of substantial intrahepatic shunts. Tc-99m HIDA disclosed bile secretion and the existence of intrahepatic ducts in both twins. In one, there was excretion into the intestine and the gallbladder and common bile duct were visualized, whereas in the other excretion was slow, either because of duct hypoplasia or as a result of the connections with the other twin. On separation, it was found that the liver parenchyma was composed of two fused parts (the livers of each twin). In one twin, cholangiography showed the gallbladder and Intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts with normal excretion into the intestine and excellent drainage, whereas in the other twin the gallbladder was absent, the common bile duct was hypopiastic, and excretion was poor. The two scintigraphlc techniques employed provided evidence of bile duct function and enabled the separation to be planned, while intraoperative cholangiography gave a clear picture of the anatomical details before the reconstruction procedure.
Fibrin Glue as Adjuvant Treatment for Gastrocutaneous Fistula after Gastrostomy Tube Removal
Authors: A. González-Ojeda, J. Avalos-González, M. I. Muciño-Hernández, A. López-Ortega, C. Fuentes-Orozco, M. Sánchez-Hochoa, R. Anaya-Prado, H. Arenas-Márquez
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Gastrocutaneous fistulas are infrequent after gastrostomy tube removal. However, if the fistulous tract remains permeable, even low-volume output can produce significant cutaneous burns. The use of biodegradable adhesives has been described, where fibrin glue is applied directly over the fistulous tract or under the guidance of procedures such as upper or lower gastrointestinal endoscopy or fistuloscopy. We studied the use of fibrin glue in five consecutive adult patients with gastrocutaneous fistulas after gastrostomy tube removal, with no complications that might impede spontaneous closure. A comparison group included seven patients treated during the preceding 2 years with conservative medical management, who were not treated with fibrin glue. There was no difference between the two groups with regard to age and gender, nor with regard to type of gastrostomy (surgical or endoscopic). The mean output volume from the fistulas was 151.4 ± 146.1 ml/24 h in the study group and 115.0 ± 42.7 ml/24 h in the control group, which was not significantly different (P = 0.80). The duration of previous conservative treatment was 93.8 ± 85.1 days for the study group and 95.8 ± 80.7 days for the control group and this also did not differ significantly (P = 0.93). The time to achieve total fistula closure was 7.0 ± 3.1 days in the study group and 32.7 ± 15.7 days in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.004). The time required before oral feeding could be recommenced after spontaneous or induced closure was similar in the two groups, at 2.8 ± 1.3 days and 4.71 ± 2.36 days, respectively. Endoscopic guidance allows direct instillation of fibrin glue via the external opening through the whole fistulous tract. This procedure reduces the time required for the closure of gastrocutaneous fistulas.
Dutch investigators find no evidence of ritual child abuse
Authors: T Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A six month investigation for the Dutch justice ministry has failed to uncover concrete evidence of ritual child abuse. Yet investigators believe that “serious abuse and mistreatment of children” took place in several cases dating back to 1985.

The report, now being considered by the justice ministry, calls for a permanent advisory group to be set up to help not just therapists who hear the victims' stories but also doctors, social workers, police, and the courts. It also recommends that a special police department with …
Symposium on Diagnostic Methods in the Study of Left-to-Right Shunts
Authors: ROBERT P. GRANT, RICHARD J. SANDERS, ANDREW G. MORROW, EUGENE BRAUNWALD
Journal: Circulation (1957)

This afternoon's conference is concerned with preci se methods for identifying and studying intra cardiac and extracardiac shunts, both congeni- tal and acquired.Classically, such shunts are divided into 2 types: the predominantly rightto-left shunt, which is usually associated with cyanosis, and the predominantly left-to-right shunt, which is unassociated with cyanosis.We are going to concentrate primarily on the problems of left-to-right shunts in this confer- ence for 3 reasons: (1) they are more common than right-to-left shunts, including most cases of patent ductus arteriosus, aortic-pulmonary window, uncomplicated ventricular septal defect, ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva, atrial septal defect, various types of atrioventricularis communis, and anomalous pulmonary venous return; (2) left-to-right shunts are more difficult to differentiate clini- cally from many of the more commonplace types of acquired heart diseases because the patient has no cyanosis, and specialized meth- ods of study are often needed for this differ- entiation; (3) the development of a safe and convenient technic for left heart catheteriza- tion, a field in which Dr. Morrow, Chief of the Clinic of Surgery of the National Heart Insti- tute, has given considerable leadership, has resulted in additional new technics for the study of left-to-right shunts.The studies we shall report were done largely on patients on Dr. Morrow's service and with the capable assistance of his staff.
Review: In high-risk ulcers, intermittent and continuous PPI therapy do not differ for recurrent bleeding
Authors: Michelle Long, David Lichtenstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Sachar H, Vaidya K, Laine L. Intermittent vs continuous proton pump inhibitor therapy for high-risk bleeding ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174:1755-62. 25201154
Authors of TADS study reply to letter raising concerns
Authors: John S March
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Family history of breast cancer Referral guidelines changed after acceptance of 10 minute consultationEditor-In their 10 minute consultation on family history of breast cancer Lucassen and Watson drew attention to the recently published guidelines from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) on familial breast cancer. 1 2 It is unfortunate that the referral criteria were changed between the acceptance of this article in December 2003 and the final published guidelines in June 2004, which would result in the referral of the patient highlighted in the article for potential mammography screening, rather than for her reassurance.Women aged 40-49 years at moderate risk of breast cancer are entitled to annual mammograms. 2 The definition of moderate risk was based on a risk of at least 3% over the 10 year period from the age of 40 to 50.Available evidence, particularly from combined analyses of case-control studies of familial risks, 3 indicates that a woman reaches this category with a first degree relative (mother or sister) with breast cancer when younger than 40 years or two relatives on the same side of the family (one first degree and one second degree or two first degree) diagnosed at any age.The latter category differs from the draft NICE guidelines and previous referral criteria, which required that the two relatives be diagnosed at an average age of less than 60. 4 This age restriction was removed because it could not be justified on the basis of the available data.It should be noted, however, that referral on the basis of two elderly close relatives is likely to be restricted to the age groups of 30-49, with referral of only high risk groups (for example, two affected relatives diagnosed at an average age of less than 50 years) outside this age group.
Comparative analysis of risk factors for acute graft-versus-host disease and for chronic graft-versus-host disease according to National Institutes of Health consensus criteria
Authors: Mary E. D. Flowers, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Paul A. Carpenter, Stephanie J. Lee, Hans-Peter Kiem, Effie W. Petersdorf, Shalini E. Pereira, Richard A. Nash, Marco Mielcarek, Matthew L. Fero, Edus H. Warren, Jean E. Sanders, Rainer F. Storb, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Barry E. Storer, Paul J. Martin
Journal: Blood (2011)
POSSIBLE AIRBORNE SPREAD OF SERUM-HEPATITIS VIRUS WITHIN A HÆMODIALYSIS UNIT
Authors: J.D. Almeida, A.E. Kulatilake, D.H. Mackay, R. Shackman, G.D. Chisholm, A.B. Macgregor, E.P.N. O'Donoghue, A.P. Waterson
Journal: The Lancet (1971)
Time of Eruption of Permanent Teeth in British Children in 1947-8
Authors: E. M. B. Clements, E. Davies-Thomas, K. G. Pickett
Journal: BMJ (1953)

MEDITSHRNAL 1421 underdeveloped and had menstrual irregularity, and three (including our Case 1) showed an infantile uterus with amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea.These are the only symp- toms which might conceivably be put down to hypothalamic damage.Records of histological examination of brain stem and hypothalamus are scanty.Rossi (1893), quoted by Schlezinger and Goldstein, described areas of degeneration subcorticallv, including the basal ganglia ; and Wichtel (1943), cited by the same authors, reported degenerative change in the dorsal vagus and dentate nuclei, but normal basal ganglia and tuber cinereum.Kohne (1941) demonstrated normal supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei.The pituitary gland showed only an excess of eosinophil cells.There is thus little or no positive evidence in favour of the hypothesis of neurogenic diabetes.Diabetic Myelopathy As Friedreich's ataxia precedes the onset of diabetes mellitus, and is unlike any recognized neurological com- plication of it, theories of diabetic myelopathv need not receive serious consideration.Dysbiotrophy Endocrine disturbances in Friedreich's disease are almost always due to hypofunction of one or more glands of internal secretion-for example, myoedema, genital infantil- ism (Curtius et al.; Schlezinger and Goldstein).As diabetes can be a manifestation of islet-cell hypofunction, it can be regarded as analogous to these and other non-neurological dysbiotrophies that occur, such as spina bifida, supernum- erary digits.etc.The occurrence of some of these con- ditions, particularly the endocrine disturbances, may be determined by the genetic milieuc of the ataxia-bearing gene, thus providing cases analogous to those with diabetes mellitus and Friedreich's ataxia. SummaryCases of Friedreich's ataxia and diabetes occurring in siblings are described ; the previous literature is reviewed and theories of causation are discussed.Of these, the hypothesis that the combination is either a hereditary syndrome or an effect determined by the genetic milieu of the ataxia-bearing gene seems most satisfactory.We are indebted to Dr. C. N. Armstrong for his helpful criticism and suggestions; to Mr. David F. Smith
Anin situ hybridization, molecular biological and immunohistochemical study of hepatitis delta virus in woodchucks
Authors: Spyros Dourakis, Peter Karayiannis, Robert Goldin, Michael Taylor, John Monjardino, Howard C. Thomas
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The presence of hepatitis delta virus genomic RNA and hepatitis delta antigen was investigated in woodchuck liver and extrahepatic tissues by in situ hybridization using synthetic radiolabeled probes, Northern-blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining for hepatitis delta antigen. Hepatitis D virus RNA and hepatitis delta antigen were detected in the nuclei of infected hepatocytes but in none of the other tissues examined. Northern-blot analysis of total cell RNA confirmed these findings and revealed a series of hepatitis D virus transcripts, including full-length genomic RNA and dimers and trimers of hepatitis D virus RNA that may represent replicative intermediates. Use of single-stranded probes showed genome-size monomers and dimers to be both of genomic and antigenomic polarity, although dimers were found to be predominantly antigenomic. These findings document the strict hepatotropism of hepatitis D virus and support the rolling-circle model of genome replication for this unique, defective RNA virus.
Abandonment of the Patient
Authors: Neil L. Chayet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

SEVERAL recent malpractice cases have highlighted the importance of abandonment, which has become a significant medicolegal issue. Abandonment may be defined as the unilateral termination of the doctor–patient relation by the physician without the consent of the patient and without adequate notice and opportunity to obtain other medical assistance. If such abandonment is shown to be a causal factor in the worsening of the patient's condition or further injury to the patient, the doctor may be liable for such damage.Several of the recent cases that have dealt with the question of abandonment have involved physicians in the hospital setting . . .