tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies of muscle capillary basement membranes in normal subjects, diabetic, and prediabetic patients
Authors: M. D. Siperstein, R. H. Unger, L. L. Madison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

A technique is described for the measurement of muscle capillary basement membranes by electron microscopic examination of needle biopsies of the quadriceps muscle. With this procedure it has been possible to obtain an objective evaluation of the significance of capillary basement membrane hypertrophy in diabetic microangiopathy. The results of such studies of muscle capillary basement membrane thickness in 50 normal, 51 diabetic, and 30 prediabetic patients have demonstrated the following. First, that the average capillary basement membrane width of diabetic patients is over twice that of normal subjects; moreover, such basement membrane thickening is a very constant finding among overtly diabetic patients, in that approximately 98% of individual diabetic subjects demonstrated this lesion. The degree of basement membrane thickening in diabetic patients is, however, unrelated to age, weight, severity, or duration of diabetes. Second, capillary basement membrane hypertrophy has been found in approximately 50% of patients who are genetically prediabetic but who have not yet demonstrated evidence of the manifest carbohydrate disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Third, in contrast to the results obtained in genetically diabetic patients, subjects with severe hyperglycemia due to causes other than genetic diabetes only infrequently show basement membrane hypertrophy. These results indicate that thickening of the muscle capillary basement membranes is a characteristic of genetic diabetes mellitus, and further, that the hyperglycemia of diabetes is probably not the factor responsible for the microangiopathy characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Finally, the discovery of thickened capillary basement membranes in prediabetic patients suggests that basement membrane hypertrophy is a relatively early lesion of the diabetic syndrome and provides further support for the conclusion that this vascular defect is independent of carbohydrate derangements of diabetes mellitus.
Parkinsonism Syndrome Due to Cephaloridine
Authors: Uri Mintz
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  Adverse effects of treatment with cephalosporins include thrombophlebitis at the site of injection, serum-sickness-like syndrome, skin rash, hemolytic anemia, neutropenia, and toxic nephropathy. 1,2 We recently observed a cephaloridine-associated extrapyramidal syndrome, a complication to our knowledge hitherto undescribed.  Report of a Case.—  A 38-year-old Iraqian-born woman with a previous history of recurrent rheumatic fever was admitted to the Beilinson Medical Center with severe congestive heart failure, a combined mitral and aortic valvular lesion, tricuspid insufficiency and multiple ventricular extrasystoles, a normal temperature, and a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. She was treated with digoxin, furosemide, and quinidine, subsequently substituted by diphenylhydantoin. Use of the latter drug was discontinued when a maculopapular rash and a hemolytic reaction with negative Coombs tests were observed. Both side effects receded rapidly. Patient's red blood cells were found to be devoid of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Treatment of the ventricular extrasystoles was continued
Hepatocyte growth factor as a key to modulate anti-ulcer action of prostaglandins in stomach.
Authors: M Takahashi, S Ota, Y Hata, Y Mikami, N Azuma, T Nakamura, A Terano, M Omata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Although the clinical efficacy of prostaglandins (PGs), especially on gastric mucosal injuries induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, is widely appreciated, their mechanism of action, apart from acid suppression, is quite unclear. In this study, we have established a primary culture system of human gastric fibroblasts and clearly demonstrated that PGs strongly induce the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the fibroblasts, which is mediated by PGE specific receptor, EP2 or EP4. Since HGF facilitates repair and protection of gastric epithelial cells in a paracrine manner, it is assumed that some of the beneficial effects of PGs may be mediated by HGF. To confirm this assumption, we established a simplified in vitro culture gastric mucosal model which consists of gastric epithelial cells and gastric fibroblasts. Using the model, we performed a round wound restitution assay. PGE1 remarkably accelerated restitution which was completely inhibited by anti-HGF antibody, indicating that the action was mediated by HGF. To confirm these in vitro data, we further demonstrated that HGF mRNA expression is downregulated at the edges of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastric ulcers where PGs should be depleted. In summary, we proposed that gastric fibroblasts are newly recognized targets of PGs, and HGF produced by human gastric fibroblasts may be a key factor for anti-ulcer action of PGs in the stomach.
ACUTE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON VASCULAR FUNCTION
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitrios Athanasiou, Dimitris Tousoulis, Gerasimos Terzis, Aggeliki Stasinaki, Panagiotis Tourikis, Efstathios Dimitropoulos, Stamatis Tsouroulas, Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Eleni Kokkou, Konstantinos Spengos, Konstantinos Zisimos, Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Christodoulos I. Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
G-Rich Proto-Oncogenes Are Targeted for Genomic Instability in B-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Michelle L. Duquette, Michael D. Huber, Nancy Maizels
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults. It is a heterogeneous disease with variability in outcome. Genomic instability of a subset of proto-oncogenes, including c-MYC, BCL6, RhoH, PIM1, and PAX5, can contribute to initial tumor development and has been correlated with poor prognosis and aggressive tumor growth. Lymphomas in which these proto-oncogenes are unstable derive from germinal center B cells that express activation-induced deaminase (AID), the B-cell–specific factor that deaminates DNA to initiate immunoglobulin gene diversification. Proto-oncogene instability is evident as both aberrant hypermutation and translocation, paralleling programmed instability which diversifies the immunoglobulin loci. We have asked if genomic sequence correlates with instability in AID-positive B-cell lymphomas. We show that instability does not correlate with enrichment of the WRC sequence motif that is the consensus for deamination by AID. Instability does correlate with G-richness, evident as multiple runs of the base guanine on the nontemplate DNA strand. Extending previous analysis of c-MYC, we show experimentally that transcription of BCL6 and RhoH induces formation of structures, G-loops, which contain single-stranded regions targeted by AID. We further show that G-richness does not characterize translocation breakpoints in AID-negative B- and T-cell malignancies. These results identify G-richness as one feature of genomic structure that can contribute to genomic instability in AID-positive B-cell malignancies. [Cancer Res 2007;67(6):2586–94]
Acute Rheumatic Fever in a South Florida County Hospital, 1967-1971
Authors: DOLORES M. TAMER
Journal: Circulation (1974)

It has been previously reported that the incidence of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in South Florida is less than in other metropolitan areas of the United States. It has been suggested that when acute rheumatic fever does occur the morbidity and mortality are significantly decreased. A five-year retrospective study of hospitalized cases revealed 98 episodes of ARF in 95 patients. The clinical manifestations paralleled data from recent surveys in two northern cities and included arthritis in 78 episodes, carditis in 54, chorea in two, and erythema marginatum and subcutaneous nodules in one case each. There were three deaths due to malignant pancarditis. Clinical, laboratory, and demographic data were also similar for this group and indicate rheumatic fever in Miami is not unlike the pattern of illness in other endemic areas of this country.
CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG; PANCREATIC CYST.
Authors: W. W. GRANT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

I report two cases of carcinoma of lung because of special interest attached to each—one recurring after an unusually long interval, and having at one time coincident tubercle bacilli, and while occurring several years ago is worthy of record; the other recently, and seemingly primary. J. M. D., aged 48, Davenport, Iowa, school teacher. Personal and family history good. In February, 1894, had a dry cough. By fall the cough had increased and weight diminished. At this time Bierring, the pathologist at the Iowa University, found tubercle bacilli in the sputa. He went to Santa Fé, New Mexico; returned in the spring of 1895, having gained fifteen pounds, with the disappearance of bacilli. In June, 1895, he was examined by me in consultation with his brother, Dr. De Armand of Davenport. He had resumed his work, was pale, suffering much from dyspnea on slightest exertion, cough dry and
Phenotypic Assessment of a Functional Sequence Variant of the Gene Encoding Human Chemoattractant Receptor-homologous Molecule Expressed on Th2 Cells (crth2)
Authors: C.F. Chian, P.S. Gao, U.D. Fanis, V. Casolaro, N.F. Adkinson, S.K. Huang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Andrew Charles Skarbek
Authors: P. Shoenberg
Journal: BMJ (2012)

After training at the Maudsley and Cane Hill Hospitals and at the Institute of Psychoanalysis, Andrew Charles Skarbek completed a PhD on the effects of drugs on speech at the psycholinguistics unit at University College London in 1967. He was appointed consultant psychotherapist at Runwell, Rochford, and Basildon Hospitals in 1977; he also worked as consultant to the Invalid …
Doctors and agencies push for public health agenda in climate change talks
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>1429</b> <h3><b>Objectives</b></h3> The increased demand of PET-radiopharmaceuticals has been satisfied mainly due to the upgrading of existing cyclotrons to enable higher beam currents for the production of 18F. In these cases it is also necessary to determine if the cyclotron shielding is adequate to maintain the radiation levels below safety limits. The objective of this work was to measure the neutron and gamma dose equivalent rates of a self-shielded PET cyclotron after upgrading the beam current from 40 to 60 µA. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> The device employed was a RDS 111 cyclotron. Thermoluminiscent dosemeters (TLD) LiF:Mg,Ti chips (TLD-600, 3×3×1 mm) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P rods (GR-207, 1 mm diameter, 6 mm length) were used to evaluate the neutron and gamma radiation fields, respectively. The response of the TLD-600 was calibrated for thermal neutron flux in a bonner-sphere using a 241Am-Be source while the GR-207 gamma-response was calibrated with a 60Co source. Dosemeters were irradiated at various locations around the shielding during 18F production via the 18O(p,n) reaction. <h3><b>Results</b></h3> With the cyclotron operating at 40 µA, the average gamma and neutron dose equivalent rates, at the different locations of measurement, varied from 4.9±1.5 to 14.0±2.0 µSv/h and 1.4±0.7 to 2.4±1.1 µSv/h, respectively. After the upgrade of the cyclotron, with capability to irradiate at 60 µA, these values varied from 6.5±3.8 to 14.0±3.0 and 2.9±1.2 to 3.7±0.9 µSv/h, respectively. According to specifications of the manufacturer the original shielding of the cyclotron was designed to maintain the total radiation levels below 20 µSv/h (16 µSv/h for gammas and 4 µSv/h for neutrons) on a box-shaped surface analogous to a real room boundary. <h3><b>Conclusions</b></h3> The results of this work indicate that the shielding of the cyclotron after the upgrade with increased current capability is still adequate to maintain the radiation levels below 20 µSv/h. <h3><b>Research Support</b></h3> Research partially founded by CONACYT Grant 121652
FLOW MEDIATED DILATION CAUSES A TRANSIENT IMPAIRMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION WHICH IS ABOLISHED BY L-ARGININE
Authors: Gaetano A. Lanza, Roberto Nerla, Antonio Di Monaco, Pierpaolo Tarzia, Giulia Careri, Alfonso Sestito, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Causes of Ferritin Elevation
Authors: Giuseppe Lippi
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leaking Abdominal Aneurysms
Authors: J. W. Betts, B. C. Rowlands
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Shennan (1934), however, pointed out that most dissections begin in areas relatively free from atheroma.Atheromatous degeneration is seldom very severe in the first part of the aorta, where dissection most often begins.Cystic degeneration of the media, frequently found in aortic dissection, is now generally accepted as the initial lesion.Some writers have stressed the importance of sudden strain in initiating the tear, but such a history is often absent.In none of the above five cases was sudden strain an important factor. Clinica PscurA wide diversity in the presenting symptoms is manifest in these cases, ranging from complete absence of pain, as in Case 4, to the classical picture of severe chest pain radiating to the groin in Case 5.In the latter, however, the symptoms were of momentary duration only.Silent dissection may not be so uncommon.Baer and Goldburgh (1948), in reviewing a series of 44 cases, found 24 which gave no history whatever of pain.There does not seem to be any very obvious reason why some cases should be painful.It may be that rapidity of dissection is a related point.In Case 4, in which there was no history of pain, the post-mortem findings pointed to a recent dissection, and from a clinical aspect dissection had extended from the origin of the left subclavian artery to the coeliac axis in 24 hours-that is, the time between the onset of symptoms and death.The experience of these cases certainly does not support the view of Paullin and James (1948), who consider that pain may be absent when dissection proceeds slowly.In Cases 1, 2, and 3 pain was a prominent feature in the history, yet the pathological findings pointed to chronic dissection.Cases 1 and 2 are instructive in demonstrating how slight may be the incapacity resulting fronri chronic dissection.In Case 1, in view of the absence of peptic ulceration at
Charities criticise rich countries' "shameful" response to famine in Horn of Africa
Authors: M. Day
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Aid workers gathered in Rome this week to urge a decisive international response to the famine in the Horn of Africa.

“The catastrophic situation demands massive and urgent international aid,” said Jacques Diouf, head of the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation, which hosted Monday’s emergency meeting of UN aid agencies and leading charities.

An estimated 3.7 million people in Somalia—around a third of the population—are on the brink of starvation and millions more in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda have been struck by the worst drought in the region in 60 years.

Officials in Rome said the UN had received $1bn …
A Single Tear
Authors: Mark Ebell
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of azathioprine on gastric mucosal histology and acid secretion in chronic gastritis
Authors: A. D. Jorge, D. Sanchez
Journal: Gut (1973)

Fourteen patients were selected with advanced superficial chronic gastritis (grade II), marked chronic gastritis with partial atrophy (grade III), or chronic gastritis with total atrophy in which intestinal metaplasia was observed (grade IV). Azathioprine was administrated to all of them for periods varying from two and a half to six months. There were no side effects except in one patient, in whom nausea and vomiting made it necessary to remove him from the trial. Acid output in these 14 patients showed an average change which was statistically significant. Statistical analysis of the sample as a whole shows that, with a 0·95 probability improvement could be expected in 37 to 85% of the patients given azathioprine.
Rigorous Evidence Slim for Determining Health Risks From Natural Gas Fracking
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NOTES ON LIVER ABSCESS: Founded on Cases at a Stationary Hospital, Palestine
Authors: C. Gibson
Journal: BMJ (1919)

be 'at .ahigher -prssure 'than 'the Adlood in the lunme.When a portion df intima; is tlreaddy etadhed, lthe blood is -at the sa-me pressuve -on each side of it, and it has no impulse to.move at all.'Blood pressure unay, as in the predescribed circum- ataices, Atrip the media from the itima, but cannot s-trip tlhe intima-from the media.'The production of aneurysms is generally -considered statically, as a pressure problem.There is a dynamic factor -at hand in the motion of the blood.The velocity of l-te bloed in the aorta varies considerably, its maximnim is aab.ot 120 em.-per second; -t 'this instant each centimetre lergth df the blood conin'a-has about 6,000 eggs 'of ikinoie energy, -or, in graitation measure, about 2 centimete- grams.A newerca'tion is -dt werth,-*hile, -a& -We ieo not knowr 'how'nmch -df -the energy is available for oa't-btriWpng.The total kinebic-'energy-eenl &t a-maximum is n6t great, -'but '*e -ma'ximas recur some 4,000 iiimes an hoior, and -fraction of ithe 'energy in eaeh is caable, in-time, Of -producimg appreciable-maechnical results.T1 may -be 'surmised that if -an liatima were already tensiy -undrmined ad 'perforated by atheroma, &etaahlment smig be acederated by.-the energy of -the ;moQving stream.If tags -df in mawere' partilly -detached thqr-ee`ld 'beprjeted-into the1-unmen -as flaps,eo directing more df -he kiei eergytowards :stripping.Finally, a ap -'might 'be 'throwun right across -the lumen, causing a dam; -.then Iiho 'Wh&1e -of tihe 'kietic energy owoul4 be i~ierted to irtima -strlippig, and,' as wvell, a'powerful pressure factor -wotdd be called into play; thIe blood pressure 'below the fap -and within the intima would rapily 'fall towrds zero, -while the pressure abovre the tap -and ovtside th stripped 1potion of intima would Tapdyriseards'v tielar -systolic pre&sure.Rere, te, isa possbility cf-fl den -anid violent 'strippin;g el the.sortic intima, supposing 'there -to 'have been a -prer-ions paetial undermining :and detachent; -the preparatry process -may -be ver,y gradual and insidious.SUMMARY.1.A man of 65, apparently in good health, fell -down suddely and -nearly died; he recovered somnewhat, and 'complained of intenae substernal pain and of pain and paresis of the leftileg.About -thirty-eight hours later he did-suddenly.2. The )pY8t-motem examination -disclosed the greater part of 'the -aottic intima lying free in the lumen.The aorta was extenlsivelyr atheromiatous.3. The mechanism -of the process, and of the so-called dissecting aneurysm, is discussed.t 'is maintained that, 'in thle absence of bulging of the outer coats, static Pcon- siderations alone do not -provide an adequate explanation, but that the 'motion -of thhe blood is a significant factor.RxEISE5NOES.
Uses of Ultraviolet Light
Authors: Ronald P. Rapini
Journal: JAMA (1981)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— I would like to commend Lewis H. Kaminester, MD (1980;244:1258), for warning the readers of JAMA about the possible hazards of suntanning centers. However, I must disagree with his statement that psoriasis and pityriasis rosea are the only diseases for which ultraviolet (UV) light has proved beneficial. Dermatologists have used UV light to treat a wide variety of dermatoses successfully. It has been used to induce tolerance in patients with solar urticaria and to treat the pruritus of uremia. The combination of a psoralen (methoxsalen) and UV light in the A range (PUVA) has been used successfully to treat a wide variety of diseases, such as psoriasis, vitiligo, parapsoriasis, lymphomatoid papulosis, mycosis fungoides, urticaria pigmentosa, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, pityriasis lichenoides, palmar and plantar pustular dermatoses, and others.He did not mention that suntan centers vary in the type of light sources used. Some use bulbs with