tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Persisting Exo-erythrocytic Cycle in Plasmodium Cynomolgi
Authors: H. E. Shortt, P. C. C. Garnham
Journal: BMJ (1948)

BOHAL 122 course of therapy and were consequently symptomless and parasite free.The results are summarized in Table III.TABLE III.-Results of Intermittent Therapy Relapse Rate Relapse Cases Cases of Those Rate Course TrCatd Followed Relapses Successfully of All Treated Up Followed Up Cases _____ _ __ __ for 6 Months Treated Intermittent mepacrine 42 66% 12 42-9% 28-6% Intermittent quinine-45 62% 0 Nil Nil pamaquin
Attainment and Maintenance of Platelet Inhibition Through Standard Dosing of Abciximab in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Steven R. Steinhubl, Kandice Kottke-Marchant, David J. Moliterno, Monique L. Rosenthal, Nikki K. Godfrey, Barry S. Coller, Eric J. Topol, A. Michael Lincoff
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Although the effectiveness of abciximab (c7E3 Fab; ReoPro) in large populations of patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention has been consistently proved in clinical trials, it is unknown whether all patients achieve and maintain target inhibition during treatment. Diabetic patients in particular are a subgroup of patients with known underlying platelet abnormalities whose long-term response to abciximab has been shown to vary from that of nondiabetic patients.Forty-nine diabetic and 51 nondiabetic patients who received adjunctive abciximab therapy during percutaneous coronary interventions were evaluated prospectively. The degree of platelet function inhibition was determined immediately after the abciximab bolus, 8 hours after the bolus (during the 12-hour abciximab infusion), and the next morning (13 to 26 hours after the bolus) with the use of a rapid platelet function assay (Accumetrics). After the abciximab bolus, platelet function was inhibited by 95+/-4% (mean+/-SD). By 8 hours, the average percent inhibition had decreased to 88+/-9%, with 13% of patients with <80% inhibition. The next morning (mean 19 hours after the bolus), mean inhibition was 71+/-14%. A difference was not found between diabetics and nondiabetics, nor was any physiological parameter found to be predictive of the response to abciximab.Although the majority of patients achieve and maintain >/= 80% platelet inhibition during the 12-hour infusion with standard-dose abciximab, there is substantial variability among patients. Diabetic status does not appear to influence this variability.
Selective retention of hydroxylated PCB metabolites in blood.
Authors: A Bergman, E Klasson-Wehler, H Kuroki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are important environmental contaminants, and their toxicity to wildlife and humans are of major concern. PCBs form persistent and abundant metabolites, PCB methyl sulfones, that accumulate in biota. We now report that certain hydroxylated PCB metabolites show a strong and selective accumulation in mammalian blood. Plasma from experimentally PCB-dosed rats and blood from environmentally exposed grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and humans were analyzed. Among all possible hydroxylated metabolites of PCB that may be formed, only a few, dominated by 4-OH-2,3,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl and 4-OH-2,3,5,6,2',4',5'-heptachlorobiphenyl, were found in the blood samples. All identified compounds have a structure with the hydroxy group in a para or meta position, with chlorine atoms on vicinal carbon atoms. The concentrations of hydroxylated PCB in the blood were almost in the same range as the most persistent PCB congeners both for seals and humans.
Clinical Trials in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Stephen K. Carter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

IN the past 25 to 30 years, great progress has been made in the treatment of cancer. The method used to establish this progress has been the clinical trial. Cancer research and the clinical trial are both in an unstable state at present. The former is buffeted by diminished funding, unrealistic expectations fueled by exaggerated publicity (e.g., interferon), and research under political pressure (e.g., Laetrile). The latter is beset by a lack of comparability in data reporting, a selection bias toward reporting early positive data that cannot be confirmed, and a desire to escape the rigors of good design through . . .
Association Between Youth-Focused Firearm Laws and Youth Suicides
Authors: Daniel W. Webster, Jon S. Vernick, April M. Zeoli, Jennifer A. Manganello
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Context Firearms are used in approximately half of all youth suicides.Many state and federal laws include age-specific restrictions on the purchase, possession, or storage of firearms; however, the association between these laws and suicides among youth has not been carefully examined.Objective To evaluate the association between youth-focused firearm laws and suicides among youth.Design, Setting, and Participants Quasi-experimental design with annual statelevel data on suicide rates among US youth aged 14 through 20 years, for the period 1976-2001.Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the association between state and federal youth-focused firearm laws mandating a minimum age for the purchase or possession of handguns and state child access prevention (CAP) laws requiring safe storage of firearms on suicide rates among youth.Main Outcome Measures Association between youth-focused state and federal firearm laws and rates of firearm, nonfirearm, and total suicides among US youth aged 14 to 17 and 18 through 20 years.Results There were 63954 suicides among youth aged 14 through 20 years during the 1976-2001 study period, 39655 (62%) of which were committed with firearms.Minimum purchase-age and possession-age laws were not associated with statistically significant reductions in suicide rates among youth aged 14 through 20 years.State CAP laws were associated with an 8.3% decrease (rate ratio [RR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86-0.98) in suicide rates among 14-to 17-yearolds.The annual rate of suicide in this age group in states with CAP laws was 5.97 per 100 000 population rather than the projected 6.51.This association was also statistically significant for firearm suicides (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96)but not for nonfirearm suicides (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.91-1.10).CAP laws were also associated with a significant reduction in suicides among youth aged 18 through 20 years (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.93);however, the association was similar for firearm suicides (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82-0.92)and nonfirearm suicides (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.98). ConclusionsThere is evidence that CAP laws are associated with a modest reduction in suicide rates among youth aged 14 to 17 years.As currently implemented, minimum age restrictions for the purchase and possession of firearms do not appear to reduce overall rates of suicide among youth.
A clinically significant right renal mass identified as an incidental finding on endoscopic ultrasound examination
Authors: F. Gleeson, G. Papachristou, M. Levy
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

The incidence of detection of an asymptomatic malignant disease or of another clinically important condition by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) performed for another indication is unknown and is probably much higher than is generally recognized. Renal incidentalomas identified at EUS, particularly of the right kidney, remain poorly characterized.
Mandatory Reporting of Domestic Violence Injuries to the Police
Authors: Michael A. Rodríguez, Elizabeth McLoughlin, Gregory Nah, Jacquelyn C. Campbell
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextLaws requiring mandatory reporting of domestic violence to police exist in 4 states. Controversy exists about the risks and benefits of such laws.ObjectiveTo examine attitudes of female emergency department patients toward mandatory reporting of domestic violence injuries to police and how these attitudes may differ by abuse status.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional survey conducted in 1996 of 1218 women patients (72.8% response rate) in 12 emergency departments in California (a state with a mandatory reporting law) and Pennsylvania (without such a law).Main Outcome MeasuresOpposition to mandatory reporting to police and the characteristics associated with this belief.ResultsTwelve percent of respondents (n = 140) reported physical or sexual abuse within the past year by a current or former partner. Of abused women, 55.7% supported mandatory reporting and 44.3% opposed mandatory reporting (7.9% preferred that physicians never report abuse to police and 36.4% preferred physicians report only with patient consent). Among nonabused women, 70.7% (n = 728) supported mandatory reporting and 29.3% opposed mandatory reporting. Patients currently seeing/living with partners (odds ratio [OR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.0), non-English speakers (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.0), and those who had experienced physical or sexual abuse within the last year (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-2.9) had higher odds of opposing mandatory reporting of domestic violence injuries. There were no differences in attitudes by location (California vs Pennsylvania).ConclusionsThe efficacy of mandatory reporting of domestic violence to police should be further assessed, and policymakers should consider options that include consent of patients before wider implementation.
Caring for the elderly: a cautionary tale
Authors: P. Hettiaratchy
Journal: BMJ (2003)

That a society should be judged by the degree of protection it offers its most vulnerable members is a truism scarcely worth repeating. Despite government efforts, special inquiries, a Royal Commission, and rafts of good intentions, the problem of long term care for elderly people remains. Elderly people deserve more: any of us may have to face personally the problems we collectively fail to solve. Frail elderly people could be excused for imagining that our society offers them little beyond goodwill, sympathy, and the hope that they will stay out of sight.

Nearly 10 years ago several elderly patients were discharged from Park Prewett Hospital in Basingstoke to a private nursing home, as part of a phased running down in the pursuit of “care in the community,” brought forward hastily because the home was expanding.

> Confusion surrounded the decision to move the patients 

Three weeks later three of them were dead. One was 95 years old, …
Small hyperechoic nodules in chronic liver diseases include hepatocellular carcinomas with low cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression
Authors: Michiko Yamagata, Tsutomu Masaki, Takahito Okudaira, Yasuo Imai, Shuichiro Shiina, Yasushi Shiratori, Masao Omata
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

In spite of the importance of periodic screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by ultrasonography (US) in patients with underlying liver disease, the clinicopathological characteristics of hyperechoic nodules have not been clearly evaluated. The aim of this study was to characterize the pathological and proliferating features of small hyperechoic nodules. Tissue specimens of 55 hyperechoic and 107 hypoechoic nodules less than 20 mm in diameter in patients with chronic liver disease were obtained by echo-guided needle biopsy and examined histopathologically. Of these, 42 (76%) hyperechoic and 56 (52%) hypoechoic nodules were diagnosed as HCC, and 82% of hyperechoic HCCs contained fatty change and/or clear cell change. In addition, immunohistochemical staining using cyclin D1, p53, and Ki-67 was examined. A high-level expression of cyclin D1 was found in only 5% of hyperechoic HCCs, in contrast to 38% of hypoechoic HCCs (P <.02). The labeling index of Ki-67 in hyperechoic HCCs was lower than in hypoechoic HCCs (4.2% vs. 8.9%; P <.003). However, there was no difference on p53 staining between them. Retrospective follow-up study revealed that hyperechoic nodules showed slow growth (doubling time, median: 1,403 days) initially, and came to show rapid growth (doubling time, median: 56 days). From these results, small hyperechoic nodules in chronic liver diseases are worth notice as candidates for well-differentiated HCC with low cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Perfusion in Lung Regions Showing Isolated Xenon-133 Ventilation Washout Defects
Authors: DAVID L. BUSHNELL, KUL B. SOOD, PARVEZ SHIRAZI, INDRA PAL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Xenon-133 washout phase imaging is often used to help determine whether the etiology of a perfusion defect is embolic or due to pulmonary parenchymal pathology, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study was designed to evaluate the pulmonary blood flow patterns associated with isolated defects on xenon washout images. Scintigraphic lung studies were reviewed until 100 cases with abnormal ventilation results were obtained. Ventilation abnormalities were compared with the corresponding perfusion scan results at the same anatomic site. Of the 208 individual lung regions with xenon abnormalities, 111 showed isolated washout defects (that is, with normal washin). Ninety-four of these 111 sites showed either normal perfusion or a small, nonsegmental corresponding perfusion defect. Three segmental perfusion defects were noted in association with isolated xenon retention. In each of these cases, however, the patient was felt actually to have pulmonary embolism. Thus, it is recommended that, for interpretation of scintigraphic images in the assessment of pulmonary embolism, lung pathology associated with isolated xenon retention not be considered a potential cause for large or segmental perfusion defects.
Dicrotic Pulse after Open Heart Operation
Authors: HENDRICK B. BARNER, VALLEE L. WILLMAN, GEORGE C. KAISER
Journal: Circulation (1970)

A palpable dicrotic pulse was observed in 18 patients after open heart operation, usually after prosthetic replacement for aortic regurgitation (14 of 18 patients). Two patients had a ventricular septal defect, one had aortic stenosis, and one, mitral insufficiency. The ages of the patients ranged from 9 to 63 years, but the dicrotic pulse was more prominent and persisted longer in younger patients. The dicrotic pulse usually appeared within 48 hours of operation, persisted 1 to 60 days and was always in a brachiocephalic distribution. Determinants of the dicrotic pulse include the stroke volume, the duration of systole, the distensibility of the arterial system, the peripheral reflection coefficient, and the systemic blood pressure. Impaired cardiac function with a low cardiac output was probably the most significant factor in the occurrence of a dicrotic pulse in this series of patients.
Can we outfox rabies?
Authors: D. N J Lockwood
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In our rabies free islands most of us give little thought to this disease except when passing through customs or worrying about illegal entry of rabid French foxes through the Channel tunnel. After watching this Encounters programme no one can be in any doubt about the worldwide extent and the human and animal cost of rabies infection.

Rabies is seen through the eyes of Sarah Cleveland, a young English vet working in the Serengeti Park, Tanzania. Here she has noticed an increase in rabies in infected bat eared foxes and dogs, with increasing risk of transmission to cattle and humans. Grim footage of a 9 year old boy foaming at the mouth and writhing in his cot made abundantly clear the distress caused by rabies. In Tanzania post-exposure vaccine is both in short supply and expensive (more than $100 per shot), and an elderly man tells how his sister delayed getting vaccine after a bite, eventually travelling to Kenya to borrow money from …
Abstract 2199: SOX1 functions as a tumor suppressor through antagonizing WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chun-Ming Tsao, Wen-Chi Lin, Pei-Ning Yu, Yu-Lueng Shih, Tsai-Yuan Hsieh, Chung-Bao Hsieh, Hung-Cheng Lai, Ming-De Yan, Ya-Wen Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Oncogenic activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aberrant hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes in their promoter regions is frequently found in human cancers. Our previous works have demonstrated that SOX1 gene was hypermethylated in HCCs as well as cervical and ovarian cancers. A growing number of papers suggest that SOX family proteins, such as SOX9, SOX17, SOX4 and SOX2, serve as either tumor suppressors or oncoproteins through manipulating Wnt signaling pathway in different types of cancer. However the molecular mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we established an inducible system to overexpress SOX1 in HCC cell lines and checked whether SOX1 have tumor suppressor function in vitro and in vivo. We found that overexpression of SOX1 could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation in HCC cells and suppress tumor growth in xenograft mice. Next we used GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), immunocytochemistry and luciferase reporter assay to study whether SOX1 could interact with β-catenin to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our data showed that SOX1 is physically associated with β-catenin/ TCF complex and could inhibit the TCF-dependent transcriptional activity. Furthermore, SOX1 was co-localized with β-catenin in nucleus by confocal microscopy. These results suggest that SOX1 functions as a tumor suppressor through interfering Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2199. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2199
THE PRESENCE OF DIABETES DOES NOT AFFECT THE PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF CARDIAC 123-I-MIBG IMAGING IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS EVALUATED FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION IMPANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR
Authors: Pilar Garcia Gonzalez, Puig Cozar-Santiago, Oscar Fabregat Andres, Rafael De la Espriella, Bruno Bochard Villanueva, Monica Ferrando Beltran, Gina Natalia Chacon Hernandez, Laura Higueras Ortega, Rafael Paya Serrano, Jordi Estornell-Erill, Jose Salvador Morell Cabedo, Francisco Ridocci-Soriano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Diagnosing breast carcinoma in young women.
Authors: J M Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1991)

results comparable to and in some ways superior to more traditional forms of care (W D Savage and R M Cochrane, Nivel international conference on primary care obstetrics and perinatal health, s'Hertogenbosch, 1991).We accept that such a scheme, in which hospital specialists visit local surgeries during their antenatal clinics and in which women therefore need not attend hospital at all, would be inappropriate in some areas.Nevertheless, some may wish to emulate the idea for the benefits outlined above and for the fruitful interprofessional respect that such care engenders.
OPTIMIZATION OF CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY AT REST BUT NOT ON EXERCISE PRODUCES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN BNP: RESULTS OF A 1 YEAR RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Tony Stanton, Brian Haluska, Kieran Dauber, Sanja Doneva, Wayne Stafford, Gerald Kaye, Paul A. Gould, John N. Hill, Thomas H. Marwick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
FDG Uptake in Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath in a Patient Restaged for Gastrointestinal Stroma Tumor (GIST)
Authors: Michael Wissmeyer, Sandro Kohl, Freimut D. Juengling, Edouard Stauffer, Klaus A. Siebenrock, Thomas M. Krause
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 70-year-old man known for recurrent abdominal gastrointestinal stroma tumor presented with a suspicious peritoneal mass demonstrated by an abdominal CT scan. Whole-body PET showed focal FDG uptake in the right hip, whereas the peritoneal mass was FDG negative. Histologic work-up of the PET positive lesion surprisingly revealed a giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath. The benignity of the peritoneal mass was confirmed by its disappearance in repeated CT scans. In general, focally increased FDG uptake should be subject to further investigations, especially in localizations that are not consistent with typical metastatic pathways of the former primary tumor.
Transient ischemic dilation of the left ventricle on stress thallium-201 scintigraphy: A marker of severe and extensive coronary artery disease
Authors: A. Teddy Weiss, Daniel S. Berman, Allan S. Lew, Jan Nielsen, Benjamin Potkin, H.J.C. Swan, Alan Waxman, Jamshid Maddahi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Alemtuzumab with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide reduces chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acquired aplastic anemia
Authors: Judith C. Marsh, Vikas Gupta, ZiYi Lim, Aloysius Y. Ho, Robin M. Ireland, Janet Hayden, Victoria Potter, Mickey B. Koh, M. Serajul Islam, Nigel Russell, David I. Marks, Ghulam J. Mufti, Antonio Pagliuca
Journal: Blood (2011)
THE BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS IN RABBITS TO THE PROTEIN AND PHOSPHATIDE FRACTIONS FROM THE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN TUBERCLE BACILLI
Authors: Florence R. Sabin, Charles A. Doan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

1. The clasmatocyte, the cell with the power of fragmenting tubercle bacilli, the cell making the lesion of the so called interstitial pneumonia, has been shown to be the overwhelming response to the special protein fractions, 304 and 903. Multiple hemorrhages, high fever, and toxicity have marked the use of these fractions in every instance. 2. The epithelioid and the giant cell of the Langhans type, making typical tubercular tissue, have been the massive and specific response of the peritoneal cavity to intraperitoneal injections of the phosphatide fractions, A-3 and A-4. These fractions have been entirely non-toxic in the dosages used.