tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE RELATION OF ANEMIA, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY, TO VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY
Authors: KARL K. KOESSLER
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The opinion that the toxemia responsible for the production of the symptoms of pernicious anemia (hematopoietic, gastro-intestinal and nervous) is of intestinal origin is chiefly based on the prominence of the gastro-intestinal symptoms of the disease. The atrophic degeneration of the tongue, the hunterian glossitis, the achylia gastrica which frequently precedes the anemia by many years, the atrophy of the gastric and intestinal mucosa found occasionally post mortem as the anatomic substratum of the achylia, direct the attention to the gastro-intestinal tract. To this may be added the association of severest anemia with intestinal parasites and occasionally with incomplete obstruction. Though the anemia found in intestinal malignancy can usually be distinguished from the pernicious anemia of unknown etiology, it is noteworthy that a relatively small carcinoma of the ileum or first part of the cecum is frequently associated with a profound anemia. It may be assumed that the involvement of
Atrioventricular Pressure Half-Time
Authors: ALBERT J. LIBANOFF, SIMON RODBARD
Journal: Circulation (1968)

In 20 patients studied by cardiac catheterization, the time required for the diastolic left atrioventricular pressure difference to fall to half its initial value (half-time) varied with the anatomic severity of the valvular stenosis. In mild mitral stenosis, the half-time was approximately 100 msec; in moderate stenosis, it was about 200 msec; and it was 300 msec or longer in severe stenosis. The half-time at the nonstenotic mitral valve was less than 25 msec. Although exercise increased the atrioventricular pressure gradient, heart rate, and cardiac output significantly, the half-time was affected only slightly. Mitral regurgitation of various severities did not affect the half-time. The half-time appears to vary inversely with the anatomic orifice area of the mitral valve. The determination of the half-time obviates the need for the commonly used exercise test for the evaluation of mitral stenosis.
Hot-Flash Hypotension
Authors: Richard Nelesen, Pattie Krohn, Joel E. Dimsdale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Hemoglobin C Diseaseto the editor: Although the appearance of the blood smear presented by Fairhurst and Casella (June 24 issue) 1 is consistent with the presence of hemoglobin C disease, the extremely low mean corpuscular volume and the clinical scenario are more consistent with the presence of hemoglobin C b -thalassemia.Hemoglobin C b -thalassemia is common in African populations, and the clinical disorder is usually mild; features include low-grade anemia, a low mean corpuscular volume, and minimal elevation of the reticulocyte count, without splenomegaly.The blood smear is indistinguishable from that in hemoglobin C disease and shows microspherocytes and target cells. 2The electrophoretic pattern is dependent on whether the thalassemia is the b + or b 0 type.Hemoglobin electrophoresis will not differentiate hemoglobin C from hemoglobin C b -thalassemia because hemoglobins C and A 2 migrate together.Cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography is necessary to detect elevated hemoglobin A 2 levels. 2In addition, in the current case, the analysis of the mother's hemoglobin may help in the diagnosis.We suspect that she would test positive for thalassemia.
Optical Coherence Tomography Measurements and Analysis Methods in Optical Coherence Tomography Studies of Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: David J. Browning, Adam R. Glassman, Lloyd P. Aiello, Neil M. Bressler, Susan B. Bressler, Ronald P. Danis, Matthew D. Davis, Frederick L. Ferris, Suber S. Huang, Peter K. Kaiser, Craig Kollman, Srinavas Sadda, Ingrid U. Scott, Haijing Qin
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
Myocyte Nitroso-Redox Imbalance in Sepsis
Authors: Dan E. Berkowitz
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

ur initial understanding that the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS2) dependent NO production in cardiac myocytes would restore contractile function and improve outcome in septic shock failed. 1 This was, in part, because of our then lack of understanding of the complexity of NO signaling in the cardiovascular system in health and disease.The initial paradigm that NO acts as a diffusible molecule to depress cardiovascular function uniformly and diffusely has been replaced by a more sophisticated yet incomplete model of NO signaling.It calls for NO to act in very defined signaling domains, through distinct signal transduction mechanism, sub-serving focused physiologic functions. 2It is now well established that NO and NO-related species are significant modulators of cardiac muscle excitation-contraction coupling and that these species affect a number of molecules and channels that coordinate this process.
Reduction in mortality from breast cancer
Authors: Ellen C G Grant
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Reduction in mortality from breast cancerDecrease with screening was marked in younger age group Editor-Based on a complicated statistical model, Olsen et al reported that the breast cancer mortality in Copenhagen dropped by 25% for women aged 50-79 when comparing mortality in the screening period (1991-2001) with a pre-screening period (1981-91) and claimed that this decrease was caused by screening. 1According to Statistics Denmark, 217 breast cancer deaths occurred in Copenhagen in the age group 35-54 years in the period 1981-90 and 196 deaths in 1991-2000. 2By comparing these data with those in the article by Olsen et al we calculate that less than 5% of the breast cancer mortality in this age group is caused by tumours diagnosed after age 50 years when women were invited to screening.The number of exposure years increased from about 484 000 to about 538 000.This gives a significant 19% (age adjusted) reduction in breast cancer mortality in the age group 35-54 years.No reduction at all occurred in the age group 55-79. 2Our estimates are based on raw and complete data.In contrast, the estimates in the paper by Olsen et al are sensitive to exclusion of data and model choice.In Copenhagen a drop in breast cancer mortality may reflect a higher fertility quotient due to non-Western immigration, fewer nulliparous women, and other non-screening related factors.It is therefore strange that no causal note was made by Olsen et al on the marked decrease in the breast cancer mortality in the age group 35-54 years.
Fluorescent magnetic nanohybrids as multimodal imaging agents for human epithelial cancer detection
Authors: Jaemoon Yang, Eun-Kyung Lim, Hong Jae Lee, Joseph Park, Sang Cheon Lee, Kwangyeol Lee, Ho-Geun Yoon, Jin-Suck Suh, Yong-Min Huh, Seungjoo Haam
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)
Electronic Video Endoscopy: Preliminary Results of Imaging Modification
Authors: J.F. Rey, M. Albuisson, M. Greff, J.M. Bidart, J.M. Monget
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

This study represents a preliminary trial of the quantification of colorimetric modification of the esophageal mucosa, permitting the opening up of a video-electronic and computer classification of lesions of esophagitis.
Public Release of Performance Data
Authors: Arnold M. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rational Phytotherapy: A Physicians' Guide to Herbal Medicine
Authors: Benjamin H.S. Lau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 May 1998Rational Phytotherapy: A Physicians' Guide to Herbal MedicineBenjamin H.S. Lau, MD, PhDBenjamin H.S. Lau, MD, PhDLoma Linda University Medical School, Loma Linda, CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Schulz V. Hansel R, Tyler VE. 306 pages. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1998. $49.00. ISBN 3540626484. Order phone 800-777-4643.Field of medicine: Allopathic and alternative medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians wishing to learn about phytotherapy.Purpose: To look systematically at the indications for phytotherapy and at the herbal products that have been proven safe and effective by scientific standards.Content: The book is organized into chapters according to botanicals useful for various organ systems. It gives historical background, information on mechanisms of action, data on safety and efficacy, and recommended dosages for herbal medicines currently used in Germany. The color ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loma Linda University Medical School, Loma Linda, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEffects of milk thistle meal on performance, ileal bacterial enumeration, jejunal morphology and blood lipid peroxidation in laying hens fed diets with different levels of metabolizable energy 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 880KeywordsHerbal medicineLiver diseasesMilkSafety ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Colonic irritability due to a mercurial bacteriostat in retention enemata
Authors: S. G. F. Matts, J. H. Baron, A. M. Connell, J. E. Lennard-Jones
Journal: Gut (1962)

These observations show that thiomersal, used as a bacteriostatic agent for retention enema solutions, irritates the colon. Investigations leading to the choice of a non-irritant bacteriostatic agent are described. The presence or concentration of sodium chloride in the solution does not seem to be important.
Pesticide Exposure and Depression among Male Private Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study
Authors: John D. Beard, David M. Umbach, Jane A. Hoppin, Marie Richards, Michael C.R. Alavanja, Aaron Blair, Dale P. Sandler, Freya Kamel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Background: Pesticide exposure may be positively associated with depression. Few previous studies have considered the episodic nature of depression or examined individual pesticides.Objective: We evaluated associations between pesticide exposure and depression among male private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.Methods: We analyzed data for 10 pesticide classes and 50 specific pesticides used by 21,208 applicators enrolled in 1993–1997 who completed a follow-up telephone interview in 2005–2010. We divided applicators who reported a physician diagnosis of depression (n = 1,702; 8%) into those who reported a previous diagnosis of depression at enrollment but not follow-up (n = 474; 28%), at both enrollment and follow-up (n = 540; 32%), and at follow-up but not enrollment (n = 688; 40%) and used polytomous logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust for potential confounders and to account for the exclusion of 3,315 applicators with missing covariate data and 24,619 who did not complete the follow-up interview.Results: After weighting for potential confounders, missing covariate data, and dropout, ever-use of two pesticide classes, fumigants and organochlorine insecticides, and seven individual pesticides—the fumigants aluminum phosphide and ethylene dibromide; the phenoxy herbicide (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4,5-T); the organochlorine insecticide dieldrin; and the organophosphate insecticides diazinon, malathion, and parathion—were all positively associated with depression in each case group, with ORs between 1.1 and 1.9.Conclusions: Our study supports a positive association between pesticide exposure and depression, including associations with several specific pesticides.Citation: Beard JD, Umbach DM, Hoppin JA, Richards M, Alavanja MCR, Blair A, Sandler DP, Kamel F. 2014. Pesticide exposure and depression among male private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. Environ Health Perspect 122:984–991; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307450
HANS ZINSSER AND HIS STUDIES ON TYPHUS FEVER
Authors: PETER K. OLITSKY
Journal: JAMA (1941)

All science and philosophy and every form of human speech is about objects capable of being perceived by the speaker and the hearer;... when our thought pretends to deal with the Subject it is really only dealing with an Object under a false name. The only proposition about the Subject, namely, "I am," cannot be used in the same sense by any two of us, and, therefore, it can never become science at all.—James Clerk Maxwell.<sup>1</sup> <h3>I. INTRODUCTION</h3> At this time the recent tragic death of Zinsser should make us pause: to count our great loss; to pay our respects and esteem to his memory, and to recall his great and many contributions to science and, this evening, to the knowledge of typhus fever. Although I also at one time labored in this field, I am keenly aware of my deficiencies in trying to set forth an appraisal of
P1244 FAVORABLE PRECLINICAL PROFILE OF IDX21437, A NOVEL URIDINE NUCLEOTIDE PRODRUG, FOR USE IN A DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRAL (DAA) REGIMEN FOR HCV
Authors: K. Gupta, M. Seifer, I. Serra, H. Rashidzadeh, S. Luo, M. La Colla, X.-R. Pan-Zhou, C. Chapron, B. Hernandez-Santiago, B. Mayes, S. Bhadresa, A. Moussa, R. Rush
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Interferon-λ restricts West Nile virus neuroinvasion by tightening the blood-brain barrier
Authors: Helen M. Lazear, Brian P. Daniels, Amelia K. Pinto, Albert C. Huang, Sarah C. Vick, Sean E. Doyle, Michael Gale, Robyn S. Klein, Michael S. Diamond
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Interferon-λ signaling tightens the blood-brain barrier and limits the ability of West Nile virus to infect the central nervous system in mice.
Usefulness of Cephalad Views in Thallium-201 Myocardial Imaging
Authors: J P ESQUERRE, L YEBOLES, R GUIRAUD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

In addition to imaging in the conventional positions, Tl-201 myocardial imaging was also performed in a 25° cephalad projection. This resulted in improved imaging, especially of the inferior wall. Myocardial images are presented in five patients in whom areas of absent activity were most sharply delineated in the 25° cephalad projection.
Gas Exchange in Renal Failure: II--Pulmonary Gas Exchange during Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: M. J. Goggin, A. M. Joekes
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Blood gas analysis studies have been made in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. It has been shown that oxygen tensions are reduced when fluid has been run into the peritoneal cavity and that this fall in Pao<sub>2</sub> is reversed after running out the dialysate. The change in Pao<sub>2</sub> is greater with 2-litre than with 1-litre cycles.
Long-Term Outcome After ICD and CRT Implantation and Influence of Remote Device Follow-Up
Authors: Leslie A. Saxon, David L. Hayes, F. Roosevelt Gilliam, Paul A. Heidenreich, John Day, Milan Seth, Timothy E. Meyer, Paul W. Jones, John P. Boehmer
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Outcome data for patients receiving implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy–defibrillator (CRT-D) devices treated outside of clinical trials are lacking. No clinical trial has evaluated mortality after device implantation or after shock therapy in large numbers of patients with implanted devices that regularly transmit device data over a network. Methods and Results— Survival status in patients implanted with ICD and CRT devices across the United States from a single manufacturer was assessed. Outcomes were compared between patients followed in device clinic settings and those who regularly transmit remote data collected from the device an average of 4 times monthly. Shock delivery and electrogram analysis could be ascertained from patients followed on the network, enabling survival after ICD shock to be evaluated. One- and 5-year survival rates in 185 778 patients after ICD implantation were 92% and 68% and were 88% and 54% for CRT-D device recipients. In 8228 patients implanted with CRT-only devices, survival was 82% and 48% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. For the 69 556 ICD and CRT-D patients receiving remote follow-up on the network, 1- and 5-year survival rates were higher compared with those in the 116 222 patients who received device follow-up in device clinics only (50% reduction; P &lt;0.0001). There were no differences between patients followed on or off the remote network for the characteristics of age, gender, implanted device year or type, and economic or educational status. Shock therapy was associated with subsequent mortality risk for both ICD and CRT-D recipients. Conclusions— Survival after ICD and CRT-D implantation in patients treated in naturalistic practice compares favorably with survival rates observed in clinical trials. Remote follow-up of device data is associated with excellent survival, but arrhythmias that result in device therapy in this population are associated with a higher mortality risk compared with patients who do not require shock therapy.
Classification of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques Ex Vivo With T1, T2, and Ultrashort Echo Time CMR
Authors: Mihály Károlyi, Harald Seifarth, Gary Liew, Christopher L. Schlett, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Paul Stolzmann, Guangping Dai, Shuning Huang, Craig J. Goergen, Masataka Nakano, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Renu Virmani, Udo Hoffmann, David E. Sosnovik
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Abstract IA16: The ceRNA hypothesis and the non-coding revolution in cancer research and therapy
Authors: Pier Paolo Pandolfi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The central dogma of molecular biology, as proposed by Francis Crick, demonstrates that genetic information is transferred from DNA in our genomes to the generation of functional proteins, through a messenger RNA (mRNA) intermediate. This suggests that the key function of each mRNA is to encode for protein. We have demonstrated that mRNAs can exert a biological activity that is independent of the protein for which they encode. Since this phenomenon is dependent on sequences contained in RNA transcripts, this phenomenon applies to protein-coding genes, pseudogenes, of which 19,000 have been predicted in the genome as well as long non-coding RNAs that have been recently identified to be pervasive in the cell and in biology. This new function is brought about by the ability of mRNAs—and RNAs in general—to bind and sequester microRNA molecules. microRNAs specifically repress the expression levels of many genes and have consequently been shown to play important roles in diseases including cancer. We show that any messenger RNA and RNA molecule can sequester microRNA molecules acting as a “competitive endogenous RNAs.” We therefore term them ceRNAs. Given that microRNAs can bind to multiple mRNAs, we argued that mRNAs compete for the binding to a given microRNA. We originally tested this hypothesis and proved its validity by studying the interaction between the mRNA encoding for the PTEN tumor suppressor gene and its closely related pseudogene, PTENP1, which we show to act as a tumor suppressor through this new mechanism. We therefore identify PTENP1 as well as the several thousand uncharacterized RNA molecules as potential human disease genes. We have now expanded this analysis to the whole transcriptome. Our findings therefore defines a new biological dimension that will allow for the rapid identification and functional characterization of new disease genes. Citation Format: Pier Paolo Pandolfi. The ceRNA hypothesis and the non-coding revolution in cancer research and therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA16.
Abstract C59: Estradiol and mTORC2 orchestrate to enhance prostaglandin biosynthesis andtumorigenesis in tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Chenggang Li, Po-Shun Lee, Xiaoxiao Gu, Yang Sun, Erik Zhang, Alfredo Csibi, Jing Li, Carmen Priolo, Yanan Guo, Chin-Lee Wu, John Blenis, Kai-Feng Xu, Elizabeth Petri Henske, Bruce Levy, David Kwiatkowski, Jane J. Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a female predominant progressive and neoplastic disorder that leads to lung destruction and respiratory failure primarily in women. LAM is typically due to TSC2 mutations resulting in mTORC1 activation in proliferative smooth muscle-like cells in the lung. The female predominance of LAM suggests that estradiol contributes to disease development. Metabolomic profiling identified estradiol-enhanced prostaglandin biosynthesis signature in Tsc2-deficient cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Estradiol increased the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, which was increased at baseline in TSC2-deficient cells, and was not affected by rapamycin treatment, but decreased by Torin 1 treatment and Rictor knockdown, associated with reduction of levels phospho-Akt (S473). Prostaglandin production was also increased in TSC2-deficient cells. In preclinical models, Celecoxib or aspirin treatment suppressed tumor progression. LAM patients had significantly higher serum prostaglandin levels than healthy women. 15-epi-lipoxin-A4 was identified in exhaled breath condensate from LAM subjects and was increased by aspirin treatment, indicative of functional COX-2 expression in the LAM airway. Targeting COX-2 and prostaglandin pathways may have therapeutic value in LAM and TSC-related diseases, and possibly in other conditions associated with mTOR-hyperactivation. Citation Format: Chenggang Li, Po-Shun Lee, Xiaoxiao Gu, Yang Sun, Erik Zhang, Alfredo Csibi, Jing Li, Carmen Priolo, Yanan Guo, Chin-Lee Wu, John Blenis, Kai-Feng Xu, Elizabeth Petri Henske, Bruce Levy, David Kwiatkowski, Jane J. Yu. Estradiol and mTORC2 orchestrate to enhance prostaglandin biosynthesis andtumorigenesis in tuberous sclerosis complex. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C59.