tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An ounce of prevention?
Authors: Jacques Rogge
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

At a time when there is an abundance of medical meetings, journals and papers, some might argue that the last thing we need is even more material. What would justify an emphasis on a new and developing research field in medicine such as the prevention of injuries and diseases in high level athletes?1 First, it must ask important questions not answered by others. Second, the new research field should have the potential to create truly new knowledge; lead to new ways of thinking; and lay the foundation for improved health for our patients. And finally, research results from the new field should be publishable in respected journals, recognised and cited by peers, presentable at high-quality meetings and fundable on competitive grant review.

First, is injury prevention important? Epidemiological studies show that of injuries seen by a physician in Scandinavia, every sixth is sustained during sporting activity.2 Among children, every third hospital-treated injury is the result of sports participation. A research group …
Use of health care services by patients with psoriasis: a population-based study
Authors: L.-T. Kao, K.-H. Wang, H.-C. Lin, H.-C. Li, S. Yang, S.-D. Chung
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Background Although psoriasis is seldom life threatening, very few studies have compared differences in health care service use between patients with and without psoriasis. Objectives To investigate differences in health care service use between patients with and without psoriasis. Methods Patient details and data on their use of health services were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. We included 3649 patients with psoriasis and 3649 without it. Each patient was followed for a 1-year period to estimate their utilization of health care resources. Student t-tests were used to compare differences in health care services use between patients with and without psoriasis. Results For dermatology services, patients with psoriasis had significantly more outpatient visits (3·5 vs. 0·9), and higher outpatient and total costs (US$148·00 vs. US$12·20 and US$581·60 vs. US$347·20, respectively) than those without psoriasis. For nondermatology services, patients with psoriasis had more outpatient visits (21·3 vs. 17·6), and higher outpatient and total costs (US$904·60 vs. US$663·50 and US$1335·50 vs. US$998·30, respectively) than those without psoriasis. For overall health care service use, patients with psoriasis had significantly more outpatient visits (24·8 vs. 18·5; P < 0·01) and greater total costs (US$1917·10 vs. US$1345·60; P < 0·01) than those without psoriasis. This indicates that the total cost was about 1·4-fold greater for patients with psoriasis than those without it. Conclusions Patients with psoriasis used health care services significantly more often than those without psoriasis.
The control of chromosome segregation during mitosis in epithelial cells by substrate elasticity
Authors: Leyla Kocgozlu, Morgane Rabineau, Géraldine Koenig, Youssef Haikel, Pierre Schaaf, Jean-Noel Freund, Jean-Claude Voegel, Philippe Lavalle, Dominique Vautier
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
DO BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS EXPLAIN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE? REPORT FROM THE REASONS FOR GEOGRAPHIC AND RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN STROKE (REGARDS) STUDY
Authors: Siqin Ye, Paul Muntner, Daichi Shimbo, Joshua Richman, Suzanne Judd, Karina Davidson, Monika Safford
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
High prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: association with disease characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: C. P Chung, I. Avalos, A. Oeser, T. Gebretsadik, A. Shintani, P. Raggi, C Michael Stein
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

<b>Background:</b> The metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have accelerated atherosclerosis; however, there are no controlled studies of the metabolic syndrome in patients with SLE. <b>Objective:</b> To compare the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with SLE and controls and to evaluate its relationship to other cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation. <b>Methods:</b> 102 patients with SLE and 101 controls were studied. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was compared in patients and controls using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions, and associations with cardiovascular risk factors and lupus characteristics were examined. <b>Results:</b> The metabolic syndrome was present in 32.4% of patients and in 10.9% of controls subjects (p&lt;0.001) using the WHO definition that requires direct determination of insulin resistance, and in 29.4% of patients with SLE and in 19.8% of controls (p = 0.14) using the NCEP definition. Among patients with SLE, both definitions were significantly associated with higher concentrations of C reactive protein (p = 0.001) and the NCEP definition was significantly associated with higher concentrations of homocysteine (p&lt;0.001), lipoprotein (a) (p = 0.02) and cholesterol (p = 0.04). Neither lupus disease activity nor damage scores were associated with the metabolic syndrome. <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients with SLE have a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and consequently of the WHO-defined metabolic syndrome than controls. In patients with SLE, the metabolic syndrome was associated with higher levels of inflammation and may provide a link between inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk.
Differential Levels of γ-Glutamyl Transferase Activity and Apolipoprotein CIII in Men on Either Statin or Fibrate Therapy
Authors: Laurence Mabile, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Josette Fauvel, Bertrand Perret, Jean Ferrières
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

High triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol are frequently associated with insulin resistance. Statins are potent hypocholesterolemic drugs, while fibrates are better at reducing triglycerides and enhancing HDL. However, little is known of their effects on other parameters potentially associated with insulin resistance, such as γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (1) and apolipoprotein CIII (2).

In this cross-sectional study, we have analyzed the biochemical profiles of 500 men from Southwestern France as a function of their hypolipidemic therapy. Comparison between untreated ( n = 361) and fibrate …
Elevated myc expression and c-myc amplification in spontaneously occurring B lymphoid cell lines.
Authors: Y Citri, J Braun, D Baltimore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Recently, a minor subpopulation of murine B lymphocytes, Ly-1+ B cells, has been distinguished by its unique ontogeny, tissue distribution, and prominence in certain autoimmune and neoplastic B cell diseases. We have previously described a simple murine spleen culture system that results in the spontaneous and exclusive outgrowth of long-term Ly-1+ B cell lines (B Ly-1 cells). Here, we report that the immortal growth property of B Ly-1 cells correlates with a 10-45-fold elevation of steady-state myc RNA and 2-10-fold amplification of the c-myc locus. While c-myc amplification has been observed in malignant cell lines derived from several tissues of origin, its occurrence in lymphoid cells has not been previously reported. The consistent c-myc amplification in B Ly-1 cells may reflect a unique state of this locus in the Ly-1+ B lymphocyte lineage, and contribute to the spontaneous immortalization of this B cell population in vitro, and its apparent predilection for malignant transformation in vivo.
Psychosomatic Assessment of Skin Diseases in Clinical Practice
Authors: Angelo Picardi, Paolo Pasquini, Damiano Abeni, Giovanni Fassone, Eva Mazzotti, Giovanni A. Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

Psychiatric disorders are frequent in dermatology patients, and many studies pointed out complex, mutual relationships between psyche and skin. Our aim was to provide a systematic psychosocial evaluation of a large and heterogeneous population of patients with skin diseases, including assessments of quality of life, psychiatric status according to the DSM-IV and psychological conditions with psychosomatic relevance according to established criteria (Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research, DCPR).We studied 545 dermatological inpatients aged 18-65 years, free from dementia and cognitive impairment. They completed the Skindex-29 and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and were administered the SCID-I and the Structured Interview for Psychological Conditions of Psychosomatic Relevance by a trained mental health professional blinded to questionnaire scores.Overall, 38% of patients received a DSM-IV diagnosis. The most common diagnoses were mood (20%) and anxiety disorders (16%); 48% of patients also received a DCPR diagnosis. The most common were demoralisation, irritable mood, type A behaviour and various forms of abnormal illness behaviour. Adjusting for gender, age, and education, the presence of DSM-IV or DCPR diagnoses was significantly associated with high scores on the GHQ-12 and on the Functioning and Emotions scales of the Skindex-29. Also, DCPR diagnoses were significantly associated with high scores on the Symptoms scale of the Skindex-29.These findings highlight the high frequency of psychosocial problems in patients with skin disease and suggest that the joint use of DSM-IV and DCPR criteria may help identify those patients in whom psychiatric issues are worthy of increased clinical attention.
Splenectomy in Felty's Syndrome
Authors: GEORGE E. MCLAUGHLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1982Splenectomy in Felty's SyndromeGEORGE E. MCLAUGHLIN, M.D.GEORGE E. MCLAUGHLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-124_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the paper by Blumfelder and colleagues (1) but found what appears to be a perplexing inconsistency in their statement on efficacy of splenectomy in patients with Felty's syndrome sans splenomegaly. The authors state, "These patients do not respond predictably to splenectomy since four patients in this study were distributed randomly into complete, partial, and nonresponding groups." In the discussion the authors appear to contradict this statement by noting that of four patients in the study with Felty's syndrome without splenomegaly, three responded after splenectomy. This dichotomy should be resolved; presence or absence of...Reference1. BLUMFELDERLOGUESHIMM TGD. Felty's syndrome: effects of splenomegaly upon granulocyte count and granulocyte-associated IgG. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:623-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1982Volume 96, Issue 1Page: 124-124KeywordsFelty syndromeSplenectomySplenomegaly Issue Published: 1 January 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Scott syndrome erythrocytes contain a membrane protein capable of mediating Ca2+-dependent transbilayer migration of membrane phospholipids.
Authors: J G Stout, F Bassé, R A Luhm, H J Weiss, T Wiedmer, P J Sims
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Phospholipid (PL) scramblase is a plasma membrane protein that mediates accelerated transbilayer migration of PLs upon binding Ca2+, facilitating rapid mobilization of phosphatidylserine to the cell surface upon elevation of internal Ca2+. In patients with Scott syndrome, a congenital bleeding disorder related to defective expression of membrane coagulant activity, circulating blood cells show decreased cell surface exposure of phosphatidylserine at elevated cytosolic [Ca2+], implying an underlying defect or deficiency of PL scramblase. To gain insight into the molecular basis of this disorder, we compared PL scramblase in Scott erythrocyte membranes to those of normal controls. Whereas membranes of Scott cells were unresponsive to Ca2+-induced activation of PL scramblase at neutral pH, apparently normal PL scramblase activity was induced at pH < 6.0. After extraction with octylglucoside, a membrane protein was isolated from the Scott cells which exhibited normal PL scramblase activity when reconstituted in vesicles with exogenous PLs. Like PL scramblase from normal erythrocytes, PL scramblase from Scott erythrocytes was maximally activated either by addition of Ca2+ (at pH 7.4) or by acidification to pH < 6.0, and similar apparent affinities for Ca2+ and rates of transbilayer transfer of PLs were observed. This suggests that the defect in Scott syndrome is related to an altered interaction of Ca2+ with PL scramblase on the endofacial surface of the cell membrane, due either to an intrinsic constraint upon the protein preventing interaction with Ca2+ in situ, or due to an unidentified inhibitor or cofactor in the Scott cell that is dissociated by detergent.
A2.13 DNA-antibody complexes are internalised by podocytes
Authors: A Hillmann, E Jung, A Engbers, M Reinhardt, H Wardemann, M Rieger, T Pap, A Jacobi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causes inflammation and damage of various organs, often of the kidney (Lupus nephritis, LN). The occurrence of antibodies against double stranded DNA (adsDNAabs) is a hallmark of the disease, and serum levels of adsDNAabs correlate directly with the risk for LN during SLE. Podocytes are the filtrating cells of the renal glomerulus, and podocyte damage is a key factor in the development of LN-associated proteinuria. However, the molecular pathogenesis of LN as well as the question of how dsDNAabs act on podocytes during LN are not completely understood. <h3>Methods</h3> Human adsDNAabs originally isolated from SLE patients were produced recombinantly, and podocytes (AB8 cell line) were incubated with these adsDNAabs as well as control antibodies. The interaction of the antibodies with the AB8 cells, their internalisation and subcellular localisation were analysed by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and electron microscopy. To decompose potential antibody-antigen complexes, adsDNAabs were pre-incubated with different amounts of DNaseI. To study potential internalisation mechanisms, endocytosis was inhibited by MDC, Nystatin, and Chlorpromazine. Primary human podocytes from urine of LN patients were harvested, fixed and stained for immunofluorescence. <h3>Results</h3> Podocytes internalised adsDNAabs in a time and dose dependent manner, whereas no uptake of non-selfreactive and anti-SSA/Ro antibodies was observed. These adsDNAabs were seen in intracellular vesicle-like structures, and internalisation depended on the formation of complexes of adsDNA antibodies with DNA. Inhibition of clathrin dependent endocytosis reduces the number of IgG positive vesicles within the cell by 75%, while inhibition of caveolin dependent endocytosis had no effects. Podocytes of LN patients were found in urine and exhibited human IgG positive aggregates, indicating a disease relevant role of antibody internalisation by podocytes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Podocytes are postmitotic cells, therefore damage and loss of podocytes during LN is an irreversible process, leading to proteinuria. We could show that these cells internalise adsDNAabs selectively in complex with their target. A similar pattern of IgG positive structures could be found in podocytes isolated from the urine of LN patients. The internalisation takes place in a clathrin dependent manner and could be part of the pathogenesis of LN.
Positive Selection Has Driven the Evolution of the Drosophila Insulin-Like Receptor (InR) at Different Timescales
Authors: S. Guirao-Rico, M. Aguade
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

The highly conserved insulin-signaling pathway influences very diverse processes including intermediary metabolism, reproduction, aging, and growth. The first pathway component is the insulin receptor that upon insulin binding triggers the signal-transduction cascade. Its variation, like that of other pathway components, might therefore affect many organismal traits. Variation at the "Insulin-like" receptor (InR) gene was surveyed both within Drosophila melanogaster and between species across the Drosophila phylogeny. In D. melanogaster, the level and pattern of variation at the ∼8-kb region surveyed did not provide any indication of a recent selective event in this region. Maximum likelihood (ML) analyses revealed the past action of purifying selection acting differentially both across the phylogeny and along the studied gene. Moreover, the ML analyses and the McDonald and Kreitman test revealed the footprint of positive selection driving amino acid changes to fixation in the branch separating the Sophophora and the Drosophila subgenera, and in the D. melanogaster lineage, respectively. The oldest selective events could have affected either the insulin binding or the signal-transduction capacities of the receptor, whereas mutations affecting signal transduction would seem to underlie the more recent events.
Frequent paracetamol use and asthma in adults
Authors: S O Shaheen, J A Sterne, C E Songhurst, P G Burney
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The pulmonary antioxidant glutathione may limit airway inflammation in asthma. Since paracetamol (acetaminophen) depletes the lung of glutathione in animals, a study was undertaken to investigate whether frequent use in humans was associated with asthma. <h3>METHODS</h3> Information was collected on the use of analgesics as part of a population based case-control study of dietary antioxidants and asthma in adults aged 16–49 years registered with 40 general practices in Greenwich, South London. The frequency of use of paracetamol and aspirin was compared in 664 individuals with asthma and in 910 without asthma. Asthma was defined by positive responses to questions about asthma attacks, asthma medication, or waking at night with shortness of breath. The association between analgesic use and severity of disease amongst asthma cases, as measured by a quality of life score, was also examined. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Paracetamol use was positively associated with asthma. After controlling for potential confounding factors the odds ratio for asthma, compared with never users, was 1.06 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.45) in infrequent users (&lt;monthly), 1.22 (0.87 to 1.72) in monthly users, 1.79 (1.21 to 2.65) in weekly users, and 2.38 (1.22 to 4.64) in daily users (p (trend) = 0.0002). This association was present in users and non-users of aspirin and was stronger when cases with more severe disease were compared with controls; amongst cases increasing paracetamol use was associated with more severe disease. Frequency of aspirin use was not associated with asthma when cases as a whole were compared with controls, nor with severity of asthma amongst cases. Frequent paracetamol use was positively associated with rhinitis, but aspirin use was not. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Frequent use of paracetamol may contribute to asthma morbidity and rhinitis in adults.
Sympathetic nervous system in chronic joint pain.
Authors: D J Veale, O Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

<h3>Introduction</h3> This study explored the pregnancy outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients in Bradford against the standards of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) Reproduction and Pregnancy Consensus and includes a patient evaluation on the quality of care they received. It is well documented that pregnant women with IBD are at risk of poor outcomes from pregnancy, but less clear if there is a need for a dedicated pregnancy service for IBD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A qualitative retrospective analysis of the pregnancy outcomes of IBD patients in Bradford Royal Infirmary (BRI) and patient perspective on care was conducted. Data search was performed using the ‘IBD database’, ‘Evolve’ and electronic patient clinical notes. 4112 females patients were identified. Questionnaires were sent to 89 of these patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the project. An initial response of 12 questionnaires were received and telephone interviews were then conducted to generate a further 11 sets of data. The final study sample was 25. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical analysis in Microsoft Excel. No ethical approval was required for this project. <h3>Results</h3> 47% of patients in our study flared during pregnancy compared to an expected rate of 30%. 4 out of 9 complications during pregnancy could be attributable to IBD. The rates of prematurity, low gestational birth weight and emergency caesarean sections were 17% in each case in our study, as opposed to 45%, 32% and 29.5% respectively in the general IBD population. 13 out of 25 participants rated the IBD helpline a 10 out of 10, and 18 out of 25 participants rated the level of support a 5 out of 5. Overall, 60% of participants were in favour of a dedicated IBD pregnancy service in Bradford. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Pregnancy outcomes in the IBD population in BRI were favourable compared to national statistics, although the sample size was small. The Bradford IBD service provision and outcomes for pregnant patients are in line with the BSG national standards and ECCO guidelines. The majority of patients wanted to discuss their pregnancy and pre-pregnancy planning in an IBD clinic. Patient information posters and leaflets will be made available in out-patient clinics to enhance patient knowledge about IBD before and during pregnancy and to actively encourage patients to discuss concerns. A large proportion of participants were content with the care they received and felt supported with improvements to the helpline accessibility being a key area for improvement. The IBD Nurse Helpline remains a vital and valued part of the service, to ensure timely management and telephone advice.
Swedish Medical Care in Transition
Authors: Lars Werkö
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract The medical-care system in Sweden is funded through a government-controlled compulsory health insurance, in effect since 1955, and supported by graduated individual taxes, fees paid by employers, and state contributions from general revenues. Physicians were remunerated by a mixed system of salary and fee-for-service, but as of 1970, most physicians are on a full-time salary, with relatively little opportunity for supplemental private practice. Medical care is provided through a hierarchic system with highly specialized regional hospitals at the apex, progressing through central hospitals, district hospitals, and health centers that provide outpatient care. Although the patient's choice of physicians is somewhat limited, the population receives efficient and rapid medical care with minimal financial constraints. For physicians, the increasing governmental control of their work threatens their status as members of an independent and select profession.