tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulsed doppler echocardiographic study of mitral stenosis.
Authors: C Thuillez, P Théroux, M G Bourassa, D Blanchard, P Péronneau, J L Guermonprez, B Diebold, D D Waters, P Maurice
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The value of pulsed Doppler echocardiography in the assessment of mitral stenosis was studied in a consecutive series of 175 patients before rightand left-heart catheterization.All Doppler recordings were interpreted independently by two observers.Twenty patients had repeat studies to demonstrate the reproducibility of the method.Adequate recordings were obtained in 156 patients.A normal flow pattern was observed in all 41 patients in sinus rhythm without a mitral valve gradient but in none of the 51 patients in sinus rhythm with a mitral gradient.In atrial fibrillation the normal pattern was identified in all three patients with no mitral gradient but in none of the 61 with a gradient.Three patterns of mitral valve flow could be dis- tinguished that corresponded to mild, moderate and severe stenosis.The mitral valve gradient in the 36 pa- tients with pattern I was 6.1 ± 1.7 mm Hg (SD) (range 3-10 mm Hg); in 54 patients with pattern II it was 12.0 ± 2.5 mm Hg (range 8-18 mm Hg) (p < 0.001 vs I); in 22 patients with pattern III it was 22.0 ± 2.6 mm Hg (range 18-27 mm Hg) (p < 0.001 vs II).Overlap was observed in only four patients, all of whom had a gradient between 8-10 mm Hg.Mitral valve area was 2.14 ± 0.58 cm2 in pattern I, 1.17 ± 0.33 cm2 in pattern II and 0.67 ± 0.26 cm2 in pattern III (p < 0.001 between all groups).The presence of associated mitral regurgitation in 39 patients and aortic valve disease in 32 patients did not affect the Doppler assessment of mitral stenosis.Thus, pulsed Doppler echocardiography can accurately detect the presence of mitral stenosis and assess its severity.THE NONINVASIVE STUDY of mitral valvular disease has been greatly enhanced by ultrasound techniques.M-mode echocardiography allows recognition of the stenotic valve' and bidimensional echocardiography permits an estimation of mitral valve area.2Mitral valve flow can be recorded by Doppler echocardiography3 and preliminary results suggest that this technique can provide an estimate of the severity of mitral stenosis.4The limitations of standard echocardiography in the quantification of mitral stenosis have been recognized8 and the usefulness of the bidimensional approach is being evaluated.9Pulsed Doppler techniques theoretically provide an alternative approach to this problem.In this study we extended previous work from our laboratory7 to assess prospectively in a large number of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization the accuracy of Doppler echocardiography in detect- ing and defining the severity of mitral stenosis. Methods Patient SelectionA Doppler study of the mitral valve was attempted on the day before right and left cardiac catheterization
The Hunterian Oration
Authors: G. M. Humphry
Journal: BMJ (1879)

The best memorials of the dead are undoubtedly those which do most good to the living; and the purpose of this oration, I conceive, is not simply to honour Hunter, but, still more, to inspire and rouse succeeding generations of surgeons by reminding them, from time to time, of the salient points of his character, and to endeavour so to fan the fire of his example, that it may burn more and more steadily and brightly, and may warm us and others to nobler and better work.What could Hunter have more desired than that his memory should be an abiding influence, inducing his, followers to appreciate and utilise the stores which he has left ?What more suit- able supplement to them could be made than a provision for some, even the humblest, effort to awaken his spirit among the custodians of his treasure?and where can that spirit be better invoked than in the rest- ing-place of the works among which it loved to dwell ?Few lives of those who have taken a prominent place in the world's history were so devoid of incident and so full of lesson-so wanting in romance and so abounding in fact; few in which that which may be called accident played so small a part, and in which the man's own cha- racter so largely determined the course and events; and, for this rea- son, few are so well suited for example and instruction as that of him in whose memory we are met to-day.Sprung from those northern tenants of our island, who are inferior to no branch of the human stock in calm firm thinkinig capacity, and cor- responding steadiness of purpose and strength of body; a member of a family which gave evidence of being no mean example of its race, John Hunter spent his earlier years in a manner calculated to promote manual dexterity and bodily strength rather than mental culture; and not till the age of twenty did he apply himself to the calling of his life.By many this would be thought late, too late; but I am disposed to be- lieve that it is about the very best age for entering upon a professional career: a career, that is, which demands the full exercise of the mental faculties.
A Controlled Trial of Intravaginal Estriol in Postmenopausal Women with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Raul Raz, Walter E. Stamm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Recurrent urinary tract infections are a problem for many postmenopausal women. Estrogen replacement restores atrophic mucosa, lowers vaginal pH, and may prevent urinary tract infections.
Bowel Obstruction From Drainage Tubes
Authors: David A. Nehme
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A 72-year-old man was seen in consultation because of small-bowel obstruction. An ileal conduit urinary diversion had been performed one week prior to the consultation. At the time of consultation a temporary gastrostomy was still present and two large Hemovac tubings were seen extending from the lower part of the surgical incision through which the ileal conduit was performed, draining the pelvic portion of the peritoneum. After ruling out volvulus or vascular catastrophe in the form of mesenteric artery thrombosis, we had no choice but to pull out the Hemovac tubings on the tenth postoperative day, with immediate relief of the small-bowel obstruction. Copious diarrheic stools followed within a few hours of removal of the tubing. My impression from witnessing the dramatic results at the time of removal of the tubings was that the tubing had probably compressed one of the small loops of the bowel, causing
Endoscopic double-layered suturing: a novel technique for closure of large mucosal defects after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)
Authors: S. Tanaka, T. Toyonaga, D. Obata, T. Ishida, Y. Morita, T. Azuma
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are widely accepted treatments for early colorectal neoplasms, but complications such as bleeding or perforation are often encountered, especially when the lesions being resected are large in size [1] [2]. The closure of the mucosal defect reduces the risk of these complications [3] [4]. Here, we report an effective technique involving the use of a standard endoscope and hemoclips to close a large mucosal defect after endoscopic resection.
Do Hospitals Need Libraries?
Authors: DAVIES NICHOLAS E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Editorials1 December 1982Do Hospitals Need Libraries?DAVIES NICHOLAS E., M.D.DAVIES NICHOLAS E., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-6-924 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOn 13 September 1982 The New York Times (1) reported that the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is making plans to revise, for the first time since 1966, the "Condition of Participation" for Medicare hospitals. These conditions are the regulations by which hospitals approved by Medicare must operate. The proposed revisions, similar to those planned by the Carter Administration but never enacted, are part of President Reagan's efforts at regulation reform.The new regulations would make a number of alterations in areas that the Reagan Administration considers to have no direct effect on the health and safety of...References1. PEAR R. Plans to revise hospital rules studied by U. S. The New York Times. 1982; September 14: A1, A19. Google Scholar2. HHS may ease conditions of participation. In: GLENN K, ed. Perspectives: Washington Report on Medicine and Health. Washington, D.C.: McGraw-Hill; 20 September 1982. Google Scholar3. DAVIES N. The future of small hospital libraries. J Med Assoc Georgia. 1977;66:681-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Condition of participation-medical library. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 42: 405. 1030. Google Scholar5. Professional library services. In: Accreditation Manual for Hospitals. Chicago: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals; 1978:127-9. Google Scholar6. FAZZONEDESIMONE NM. MEDLARS utilization study in New England. Newslett N Engl Regional Med Libr Service. 1982;56:2-5. Google Scholar7. SAMMONS J. A message from the American Medical Association. Vienna, Virginia: GTE Telenet Medical Information Network; September 1982. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Piedmont Hospital; Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1982Volume 97, Issue 6Page: 924-925KeywordsLibrariesMedicareSafety Issue Published: 1 December 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Drug companies neglect research into diseases affecting the poor
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Drugs companies are failing to develop new drugs for diseases that predominantly affect poor people because they are not profitable enough, says a report from the international medical aid agency Medecins Sans Frontieres.

“Drugs are not developed according to public health need, but according to profitability,” said Dr Bernard Pecoul, director of the agency's Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines.

The report describes the research and development activities of 11 major pharmaceutical companies, representing combined sales of nearly $117bn (£78bn). The medical aid agency specifically asked them for the overall resources devoted to malaria, tuberculosis, sleeping sickness, Chagas' disease, and leishmaniasis. …
DIATHERMY IN STOMATOLOGY
Authors: BUDD C. CORBUS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Diathermy is the most potent force that has been added to medicine and surgery in years. As its name implies, diathermy means "heating through." In its medical, sedative effect, diathermy may be mild and soothing; in its surgical, charring effects on tissue, it may be as fierce and destructive as lightning. In the milder application of this impelling force, it is unlike either galvanism or faradism, in that it causes neither pain nor contraction of tissue. <h3>MEDICAL DIATHERMY</h3> The application of heat as a therapeutic agent is as old as medicine itself. Hot moist dressings, hot water bottles, together with dry heat produced by electric pads and electrically heated incandescent bulbs, are time-honored methods of producing heat in the tissues by dissemination. In diathermy, we have a form of heat that is absolutely different from any applied to the body externally. The current passes by a direct path from electrode
Dictating Machines as Data Recorders
Authors: David P. Lawrance, W. Airth-Kindree, Thomas Filardo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1987Dictating Machines as Data RecordersDAVID P. LAWRANCE, M.D., W. AIRTH-KINDREE, M.D., THOMAS FILARDO, M.D.DAVID P. LAWRANCE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. AIRTH-KINDREE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, THOMAS FILARDO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-6-946_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Our cost-conscious times affect medical research and education, as well as patient-derived revenues. High-fidelity data recorders are not inexpensive items, and are therefore cherished items necessary in almost every laboratory. Portability is often a key feature. We have not seen published reports of consumer-grade portable stereo or dictating cassette recorders (such as the Sony Walkman) put into service as data recorders, yet we have found that they can be remarkably accurate and cheap instruments.Portable stereo recorders have remarkably flat frequency responses from 30 Hz to 15 000 Hz. These recorders usually provide plug-in standard electrical interfaces... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID P. LAWRANCE, M.D.; W. AIRTH-KINDREE, M.D.; THOMAS FILARDO, M.D.Affiliations: Urbana, IL 61801 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1987Volume 107, Issue 6Page: 946-946KeywordsMedical educationResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Opioid Overdose-Related Deaths
Authors: S. Doyon
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heart-rate reduction and -blockade in early post-infarction cardiac remodelling
Authors: R. E. Goldstein, M. C.P. Haigney
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Soon after acute myocardial infarction, the heart may experience extensive changes in function, structure, tissue architecture, and biochemical properties collectively known as cardiac remodelling. Many of the deleterious changes can be attenuated by treatment with β-adrenergic blocking agents1–3 or with alternative drugs that reduce post-infarction heart rate without interrupting β-adrenergic signalling.4,5 In a study appearing in this issue of Cardiovascular Research ,6 Mączewski and Mackiewicz employed a rat model to elucidate the benefits of post-infarction β-blockade by comparing effects of heart-rate reduction without β-blockade (using ivabradine) and effects observed when the same reduction in heart rate was combined with β-blocking action (using metoprolol). Drug treatment was begun 24 h after coronary ligation and halted 48 h before final measurements. Thus, outcomes reflected drug manipulation of early remodelling after the acute ischaemic insult, and measurements identified effects persisting after drug washout and dissipation of immediate drug actions on heart rate and β-receptors.

Heart-rate reduction appeared impressively beneficial for haemodynamic function, even in the absence of concomitant β-blockade: improvement in contractility (ejection fraction and +d P /d t ) and filling pressures (left ventricular end-diastolic pressures and lung congestion) were equivalent in rats receiving ivabradine and those receiving metoprolol. … 

*Corresponding author. Tel: +1 301 295 3601; fax: +1 301 295 3557. E-mail address : rgoldstein{at}usuhs.mil
Orthopaedic surgeons and thromboprophylaxis.
Authors: L Poller, D A Taberner
Journal: BMJ (1991)

SIR,-S Y Chuah and colleagues conclude that patients sedated with intravenous midazolam tolerate upper gastrointestinal endoscopy without needing topical anaesthesia.'Since 1986 we have performed upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in government hospitals in Malawi.All patients receive an explanation of the procedure just before the endoscopy, and then a topical anaesthetic (1 0/o lignocaine spray) is applied to the pharynx.We do not use intravenous sedation; reasons include the expense, shortage of space and of trained staff to supervise patients after the, procedure, and patients' convenience and safety (many come on foot as outpatients and need to return to their homes straight after the investigation).Compliance during endoscopy is usually excellent, and we rarely have procedural failures.Lignocaine spray is not on the World Health Organisation's essential drug list for Malawi, and we have to rely on our own personal purchases or special orders, which may take a long time.If doctors decide to heed the advice of Chuah and colleagues and abandon the use of topical anaesthesia we would be grateful if they could consider sending us their spare bottles of lignocaine spray.
SOME CULTURAL CHARACTERS OF BACILLUS ABORTUS (BANG) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CO2 REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Theobald Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

The relative absence of saprophytism in freshly isolated strains of Bacillus abortus is conveniently measured by inoculating a series of agar tubes with. successive dilutions of culture and sealing the tubes. The appearance of films of growth is delayed from 3 to 17 days and suppressed with the increase in the dilutions. As many as 100,000 bacteria per sq. cm. of agar surface are suppressed. When the confined air contains CO(2) in a concentration as low as (1/4) per cent and up to 10 per cent, the inhibition and suppression do not occur. Concentrations down to 0.1 per cent are still capable, even though in a slightly retarded manner, of bringing high dilutions into growth. In all cases the resulting growth was remarkably vigorous when compared with that in sealed tubes.
Incidence and Significance of Melanogenuria
Authors: J. C. Crawhall, B. J. Hayward, C. A. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Electrocardiogram in Alcoholism-Priest et al.DBRITISH 1455were doing many of them, we used the Atlas Computer (Rees, 1964).Correlation of electrocardiographic changes with the other variables showed that the abnormal E.C.G.s were significantly associated with body-weights in that specific changes occurred seldom in underweight patients (tau = 0.44; P = 0.02) and never in our obese patients (tau = -0.46;P = 0.02), which
TBX3 Is Overexpressed in Breast Cancer and Represses p14ARF by Interacting with Histone Deacetylases
Authors: Will Yarosh, Tomasa Barrientos, Taraneh Esmailpour, Limin Lin, Philip M. Carpenter, Kathryn Osann, Hoda Anton-Culver, Taosheng Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract TBX3 is a transcription factor of the T-box gene family. Mutations in the TBX3 gene can cause hypoplastic or absent mammary glands. Previous studies have shown that TBX3 might be associated with breast cancer. Here, we show that TBX3 is overexpressed in malignant cells of primary breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. TBX3 interacts with histone deacetylases (HDAC) 1, 2, 3, and 5. TBX3 interacts with HDAC1, 2, and 3 via two distinct binding sites. However, deletion of the repression domain (amino acids 566–624) of TBX3 completely abolishes its interaction with HDAC5. Endogenous TBX3 and HDACs interaction and colocalization are found in a breast cancer cell line by coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence, respectively. The functional significance of the interaction between TBX3 and HDAC is also tested in a p14ARF-luciferase reporter system. Results indicate that TBX3 represses expression of p14ARF tumor suppressor and that a HDAC inhibitor is able to reverse the TBX3 repressive function in a dosage-dependant manner. This study suggests that TBX3 may function by recruiting HDACs to the T-box binding site in the promoter region. TBX3 repression to its targets is dependent on HDAC activity. TBX3 may serve as a biomarker for breast cancer and have significant applications in both breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. [Cancer Res 2008;68(3):693–9]
The Electrocardiogram in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: OGLESBY PAUL, GORDON S. MYERS, JAMES A. CAMPBELL
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Adequate unipolar electrocardiograms have been recorded on 101 patients with congenital heart disease and the findings analyzed. It has been found that the chief value of such tracings rests in the determination of ventricular preponderance, the evidence being obtained from study of the QRS complexes in unipolar limb and multiple precordial leads, with relatively little help from the RS-T segments and T waves. Auricular hypertrophy, encountered chiefly in association with pulmonic stenosis and tricuspid valve disease, could be best detected by analysis of P waves seen in the right precordial leads rather than in the limb leads. Intraventricular block was observed both with auricular and with ventricular septal defects, and was also found in Ebstein's disease and with coarctation of the aorta. Auriculoventricular block and arrhythmias were rare.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval: Crizotinib for Treatment of Advanced or Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer That Is Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Positive
Authors: Shakun M. Malik, Virginia Ellen Maher, Karen E. Bijwaard, Robert L. Becker, Lijun Zhang, Shenghui W. Tang, Pengfei Song, Qi Liu, Anshu Marathe, Brenda Gehrke, Whitney Helms, Diane Hanner, Robert Justice, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

On August 26, 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved crizotinib (XALKORI Capsules, Pfizer Inc.) for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive as detected by an FDA-approved test. The Vysis ALK Break-Apart FISH Probe Kit (Abbott Molecular, Inc.) was approved concurrently. In two multicenter, single-arm trials, patients with locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC previously treated with one or more systemic therapies received crizotinib orally at a dose of 250 mg twice daily. In 119 patients with ALK-positive NSCLC by local trial assay, the objective response rate (ORR) was 61% [95% confidence intervals (CI), 52%-70%] with a median response duration of 48 weeks. In 136 patients with ALK-positive NSCLC by the to-be-marketed test, the ORR was 50% (95% CI, 42%-59%) with a median response duration of 42 weeks. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) were vision disorder, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, edema, and constipation. Accelerated approval was granted on the basis of the high ORRs and durable responses. On November 20, 2013, crizotinib received full approval based on an improvement in progression-free survival in patients with metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC previously treated with one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen.