tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1 in kidney tubule cells affects the course of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure.
Authors: J Megyesi, R L Safirstein, P M Price
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The p21 protein is found in the nucleus of most cells at low levels and is induced to elevated levels after DNA damage, causing cell-cycle arrest. We have reported that p21 mRNA is rapidly induced to high levels in murine kidney after acute renal failure. The function(s) in the kidney of p21 induction in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure was studied with mice that are homozygous for a p21 gene deletion. After drug administration, as compared with their wild-type littermates, p21(-/-) mice display a more rapid onset of the physiologic signs of acute renal failure, develop more severe morphologic damage, and have a higher mortality. Therefore, the induction of p21 after cisplatin administration is a protective event for kidney cells. Using both bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and nuclear proliferating cell nuclear antigen detection, we found that cisplatin administration caused kidney cells to start entering the cell-cycle. However, cell-cycle progression is inhibited in wild-type mice, whereas kidney cells in the p21(-/-) mice progress into S-phase. We propose that p21 protects kidneys damaged by cisplatin by preventing DNA-damaged cells from entering the cell-cycle, which would otherwise result in death from either apoptosis or necrosis.
REPORT OF CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF SULFATHIAZOLE-WINTHROP, CONTAMINATED WITH PHENOBARBITAL
Authors: A. E. Sidwell
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To obtain information about the nature and extent of contamination with phenobarbital of certain specimens of tablets sulfathiazole-Winthrop, it was considered desirable to subject some of the tablets to chemical examination. Through the courtesy of the Winthrop Chemical Company, Inc., a number of samples were obtained from the specific lots of tablets, MP series, in which contamination was believed to have occurred. Samples were provided from every container in which these tablets were stored in the factory under "quarantine." In addition, two samples of the tablets from lot MP 029 were obtained from the Food and Drug Administration. A method of examining these tablets to detect and determine phenobarbital was devised, and the results of the examination are here reported. For comparison, specimens of sulfathiazole-Winthrop from lots known to be uncontaminated, and a specimen of tablets of luminal-Winthrop, a brand of phenobarbital, were examined concurrently. Sulfathiazole-Winthrop is marketed in the
Experts warn that EU trade treaty with US puts NHS at risk
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

US corporations would use a “highly secretive” new trade deal with Europe to sue future UK governments that ran the NHS against the corporations’ interests, experts have warned. John Hilary, director of War on Want, urged MPs and the public to campaign against the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), which he described as undemocratic and “deadly toxic.”

Negotiations are under way between the United States and the European Union over what would become the world’s biggest trade deal if successfully concluded. But Hilary said that the deal would give foreign investors “special privileges” that endangered vital public services, including the NHS, while key documentation would stay inaccessible to scrutiny under a 30 year ban.

“Everybody is agreed it is perfectly possible that if a future UK government wanted to take back the NHS into public hands it could be clobbered by any number of US corporations suing them over a loss of profits,” he said.

The TTIP’s potential impact was debated in London on 23 September in a lecture at the Royal Society of Medicine hosted by RSM Global Health, Medact, and the UK Faculty of Public Health. The …
Receptor for advanced glycation end products and its ligand high-mobility group box-1 mediate allergic airway sensitization and airway inflammation
Authors: Md Ashik Ullah, Zhixuan Loh, Wan Jun Gan, Vivian Zhang, Huan Yang, Jian Hua Li, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Ann Marie Schmidt, Carol L. Armour, J. Margaret Hughes, Simon Phipps, Maria B. Sukkar
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT SHOWS EQUIVALENCY TO FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IN TERMS OF MAJOR CARDIAC ADVERSE EVENTS AT SHORT-TERM FOLLOW-UP AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Kyounghoon Lee, Tae Hoon Ahn, Woong Chol Kang, Seung Hwan Han, In Suck Choi, Eak Kyun Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 14987: Association of ECG Abnormalities and Incident Heart Failure Events
Authors: Baris Gencer, Javed Butler, Douglas C Bauer, Reto Auer, Andreas Kalogeropoulos, Pedro Marques-Vidal, William B Applegate, Suzanne Satterfield, Eric Vittinghoff, Tamara Harris, Anne Newman, Nicolas Rodondi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives We assessed in elderly persons the association between ECG abnormalities and incident heart failure (HF) events and the predictive value of ECG when added to a HF risk score. Background ...
Interaction between cigarettes and propranolol in treatment of angina pectoris.
Authors: K Fox, A Jonathan, H Williams, A Selwyn
Journal: BMJ (1980)

To determine whether cigarette smoking interferes with the medical management of angina pectoris, 10 patients with angina pectoris who smoked at least 10 cigarettes a day were studied before, during, and after a standardised maximal exercise test. This was done at the end of four randomly allocated one-week treatment periods during which the patients took glyceryl trinitrate while not smoking, took glyceryl trinitrate while smoking, took glycerly trinitrate and propranolol (380 mg/day) while not smoking, and took glyceryl trinitrate and propranolol while smoking. Carboxyhaemoglobin was measured to ensure compliance. Smoking was associated with a significantly higher heart rate, blood pressure, number of positions with ST-segment depression, and total ST-segment depression after exercise than non-smoking (p &lt; 0.01) whether or not the patients were taking propranolol. These results suggest that smoking aggravates the simple haemodynamic variables used to assess myocardial oxygen requirements and the exercise-induced precordial electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischaemia. These effects were still evident after treatment with propranolol and represent a hindrance to the effective medical treatment of angina pectoris.
Differential Diagnosis in Dermatopathology-Reply
Authors: Larry E. Millikan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Ackerman is right in that there was somehow an error in the comparison. However, my main point still stands that dermatologists seek pathologic confirmation in most instances because of difficult problems in clinical differentiation. Porokeratosis would rarely be confused with inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus, and, in most instances, seborrheic keratosis would rarely be confused with that of eccrine poroma. Therefore, the biopsy arriving at the pathologist's desk would rarely consider both in the differential, even though they might appear similar histologically. It is in those rare instances where the clinical appearance and the histologicappearance are similar, that the skills of one such as Dr Ackerman are really needed, since the slides are often sent to him for a second opinion!
Walking Faster
Authors: Steven T. Johnson, Linda J. McCargar, Gordon J. Bell, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Vicki J. Harber, Rhonda C. Bell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

With the growth of pedometry, physical activity recommendations have been distilled to a simple focus on ambulatory volume (i.e., 10,000 steps/day). Although energy balance may be most affected by volume, the concomitant lack of focus on physical activity intensity may undermine realization of intensity-dependent outcomes for those with type 2 diabetes, particularly cardiorespiratory fitness because of its inverse association with HbA1c (A1C) (1) and its predictive power for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in this population (2–4).

Historically, a multicomponent framework, commonly known as FITT (frequency, intensity, time, and type) was used to prescribe how often (frequency per week), at what intensity (typically as indicated by heart rate), for how long (duration or time), and what type of activity (typically aerobic) one should pursue for health or performance outcomes. At a population level, there has been a secular trend in the emphasis on the interrelated factors of FITT. For example, in 1975, physical activity recommendations promoted aerobic exercise (type) at 3–5 days/week (frequency) at 70–90% of heart rate reserve (intensity) for 20–45 min (time). By 2000, recommendations had evolved to promote aerobic activity 7 days/week at an intensity of 40–85% of heart rate reserve for ≥20 min (5). The variables that compose this framework for prescription are contained within the clinical practice guidelines from both the American Diabetes Association and the Canadian Diabetes Association (5,6). Regardless of the details of the framework underlying these recommendations, however, the challenge remains how to 1 ) feasibly translate all FITT …
The effect of severe psoriasis on the quality of life of 369 patients
Authors: A.Y. Finlay, E.C. Coles
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The aim of this survey was to quantify the level of handicap experienced by patients with severe psoriasis, and to assess the value that patients place on their disease using various questionnaire techniques. Dermatologists throughout the U.K. each gave a questionnaire to up to five psoriasis patients, who were either being admitted for in-patient care or were starting systemic therapy. Three hundred and sixty-nine questionnaires were completed. Of the 150 patients currently working, 59.3% had lost a mean of 26 days (SD 21.9) from work during the preceding year because of their psoriasis, and of the 180 not working 33.9% attributed not working to their psoriasis. The mean Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) score was 38.2% (SD 23.3, n = 248), with the mean sub-scores of the 'daily activities' and 'treatment' sections being greater than those of the other three sections. Despite having severe psoriasis, the majority of patients felt that it would be worse to have diabetes, asthma or bronchitis than to have psoriasis. Forty-six, 42 and 32% considered it would be either 'better' or 'the same' to have diabetes, asthma or bronchitis, respectively. However, in those patients who also had the comparative disease, 87, 80 and 77% considered it would be 'better', or 'the same' to have the comparative disease. Forty-nine per cent of patients (n = 362) stated they would be prepared to spend 2 or 3 h each day on treatment if this might result in normal skin for the rest of the day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Mixture DE-71 Is Mildly Estrogenic
Authors: Minerva Mercado-Feliciano, Robert M. Bigsby
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely found in the environment, and they may act as endocrine disruptors.Our goal in this study was to test the PBDE mixture DE-71 for estrogenic activity.We used proliferation of cultured breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and trophic effects in the reproductive tracts of ovariectomized mice as estrogen bioassays. DE-71 was administered to mice by subcutaneous injection (sc) or oral gavage (po), alone or in combination with estradiol, for 3 or 34 days. Liver weights and cytochrome P450 enzyme activities were also measured.DE-71 increased MCF-7 cell proliferation, and this was prevented by antiestrogen. DE-71 cotreatment reduced the effect of estradiol in MCF-7 cells. In the mouse 3-day assay, DE-71 administered alone had no effect on uterine weight, uterine epithelial height (UEH), or vaginal epithelial thickness (VET); however, when DE-71 was administered as a cotreatment, it potentiated estradiol's effect on uterine weight. DE-71 administered sc to BALB/c mice for 34 days slightly increased UEH and VET, and attenuated the estradiol-induced increase in UEH; these effects were not seen in BALB/c mice treated po or in C57BL/6 mice treated sc. DE-71 increased liver weight in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mice. We also found an increase in liver cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and CYP2B activities when DE-71 was administered po, but only CYP2B increased after sc treatment.DE-71 behaves as a weak estrogen. In mice, the treatment route and duration determined if DE-71 was estrogenic. BALB/c mice are more susceptible to DE-71 effects in estrogen target tissues than C57BL/6 mice. DE-71 increased liver weight independently of estrogen receptor-alpha.
Skin test responsiveness to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HLA-DR4, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: H M Markusse, J M Hazes, B A Dijkmans, R R de Vries, J L Stanford
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

response of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, IgA deficiency, and overlap connective tissue disease to chemotherapy for co-existent Hodgkin's disease.1This case report illustrates that progressive rheumatoid disease may be arrested by vigorous chemotherapy even when previous conventional treatment has failed to produce a significant reduction in disease activity.We reported a similar patient with rheumatoid arthritis who developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and was treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and predni- copyright.
Childhood Lead Exposure After the Phaseout of Leaded Gasoline: An Ecological Study of School-Age Children in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Lauren K. Graber, Daniel Asher, Natasha Anandaraja, Richard F. Bopp, Karen Merrill, Mark R. Cullen, Samuel Luboga, Leonardo Trasande
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundTetraethyl lead was phased out of gasoline in Uganda in 2005. Recent mitigation of an important source of lead exposure suggests examination and re-evaluation of the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning in this country. Ongoing concerns persist about exposure from the Kiteezi landfill in Kampala, the country's capital.ObjectivesWe determined blood lead distributions among Kampala schoolchildren and identified risk factors for elevated blood lead levels (EBLLs; ≥ 10 μg/dL).Analytical approachUsing a stratified, cross-sectional design, we obtained blood samples, questionnaire data, and soil and dust samples from the homes and schools of 163 4- to 8-year-old children representing communities with different risks of exposure.ResultsThe mean blood lead level (BLL) was 7.15 μg/dL; 20.5% of the children were found to have EBLL. Multivariable analysis found participants whose families owned fewer household items, ate canned food, or used the community water supply as their primary water source to have higher BLLs and likelihood of EBLLs. Distance < 0.5 mi from the landfill was the factor most strongly associated with increments in BLL (5.51 μg/dL, p < 0.0001) and likelihood of EBLL (OR = 4.71, p = 0.0093). Dust/soil lead was not significantly predictive of BLL/EBLL.ConclusionsLead poisoning remains highly prevalent among school-age children in Kampala. Confirmatory studies are needed, but further efforts are indicated to limit lead exposure from the landfill, whether through water contamination or through another mechanism. Although African nations are to be lauded for the removal of lead from gasoline, this study serves as a reminder that other sources of exposure to this potent neurotoxicant merit ongoing attention.
Preclinical assessments of vaginal microbicide candidate safety and efficacy
Authors: José A. Fernández-Romero, Natalia Teleshova, Thomas M. Zydowsky, Melissa Robbiani
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2014)

Sexually transmitted infections like HIV, HPV, and HSV-2, as well as unplanned pregnancy, take a huge toll on women worldwide. Woman-initiated multipurpose prevention technologies that contain antiviral/antibacterial drugs (microbicides) and a contraceptive to simultaneously target sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancy are being developed to reduce these burdens. This review will consider products that are applied topically to the vagina. Rectally administered topical microbicides in development for receptive anal intercourse are outside the scope of this review. Microbicide and microbicide/contraceptive candidates must be rigorously evaluated in preclinical models of safety and efficacy to ensure that only candidates with favorable risk benefit ratios are advanced into human clinical trials. This review describes the comprehensive set of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used to evaluate the preclinical safety and antiviral efficacy of microbicide and microbicide/contraceptive candidates.
The British National Food Survey as a major epidemiological resource.
Authors: B J Derry, D H Buss
Journal: BMJ (1984)

In much of the work relating patterns of morbidity and mortality to diet the principal source of information about eating habits within Britain has been the National Food Survey conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food. Misunder? standings remain, however, about what this survey can and cannot show, and its use in epidemiological studies has some? times been criticised. We therefore describe the survey, out? lining its strengths and weaknesses for this purpose.
TCT-672 Relationship between atheroma of the thoracic aorta and risk of stroke in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Christoph Liebetrau, Won-Keun Kim, Johannes Blumenstein, Arnaud Van Linden, Joerg Kempfert, Andreas Rolf, Holger Nef, Christian Hamm, Thomas Walther, Helge Moellmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Retinoblastoma: From the Two-Hit Hypothesis to Targeted Chemotherapy
Authors: David MacPherson, Michael A. Dyer
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Studies on retinoblastoma have been at the heart of many of the landmark discoveries in cancer genetics over the past 35 years. However, these advances in the laboratory have had little effect on the treatment of children with retinoblastoma. One of the reasons for this has been the lack of preclinical models that recapitulated the genetic and histopathologic features of human retinoblastoma. In the past three years, a series of new animal models of retinoblastoma has been developed and characterized from several different laboratories using a variety of experimental approaches. It is encouraging that there is broad agreement about the consequences of inactivation of the Rb family in retinal development from these studies. More importantly, these new mouse models of retinoblastoma have contributed to clinical trials and novel therapeutic approaches for treating this debilitating childhood cancer. [Cancer Res 2007;67(16):7547–50]
Arginine Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Naji N. Abumrad, Adrian Barbul
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deficiency Neuropathies in Madrid during the Civil War
Authors: M. Peraita
Journal: BMJ (1946)

CORONARY DISEASE BRITISHocclusion can occur there must almost always be coronary disease.Moreover, a remarkably complete functional recovery is possible after a coronary occlusion.One of my patients played vigorous games after a coronary occiusion at the age of 39.He had a second attack at the age of 48, and, against advice, was playing tennis regularly two years later, without any angina.Now at the age of 58 he is at work, plays golf, and mows his lawn without cardiac symptoms.It is quite common for coronary disease to be entirely latent tili sudden death occurs.Prof. Hume of Newcastle tells me that since 1911 he has performed or attended post-mortem examinations on 160 miners who had died suddenly and unexpectedly in-the pit or in close proximity to it.The cause
Similarity in logical reasoning and decision-making
Authors: Horacio Arló-Costa
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Normative accounts in terms of similarity can be deployed in order to provide semantics for systems of context-free default rules and other sophisticated conditionals. In contrast, procedural accounts of decision in terms of similarity (Rubinstein 1997) are hard to reconcile with the normative rules of rationality used in decision-making, even when suitably weakened.
Dogs Surviving with a Reimplanted Lung
Authors: Salvatore L. Nigro, Arthur F. Reimann, Lawrence F. Mock, Willard A. Fry, John R. Benfield, William E. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1963)

PREVIOUS REPORTS have shown that dogs can survive after reimplantation of one lung, but usually die within a few days when the contralateral normal lung is removed.<sup>1-5</sup>In these reports, an adequate evaluation of the changes in physiology prior to death was not presented. The experiments performed in our laboratory consist of autologous lung reimplantations, accurate postoperative evaluations of pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary artery pressures, and a test of survival on the reimplanted lung alone. Homologous lung transplantations were not done because tissue rejection and foreign body reactions make long-term studies impossible. The basic surgical procedure in lung reimplantation is primarily concerned with the division and reconstitution of the hilar structures. The bronchial vessels, lymphatic ducts, and nerves in the hilus are divided and not repaired because of their small size. The operation usually has been performed on the left lung because configuration of the left atrium is