tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential control of adrenal and renal sympathetic nerve activity during hemorrhagic hypotension in rats.
Authors: R G Victor, P Thorén, D A Morgan, A L Mark
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The reflex mechanisms that produce the neurocirculatory adjustments to hemorrhagic hypotension are incompletely understood. The goal of this study was to determine if hemorrhagic hypotension in rats produces differential effects on sympathetic outflow to the adrenal gland and kidney and if the two sympathetic nerve responses are governed by different reflex mechanisms. We performed simultaneous multifiber recordings of adrenal and renal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) during 8 minutes of sustained hemorrhagic hypotension to a mean arterial pressure of 50 mm Hg in chloralose-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats with a) baroreceptors intact, b) cervical vagotomy, c) sinoaortic baroreceptor denervation, and d) combined vagotomy plus sinoaortic denervation. During hemorrhagic hypotension in rats with intact baroreceptors, renal SNA decreased by 31 +/- 10% (mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.05 vs. control) and heart rate decreased from 384 +/- 13 to 365 +/- 16 beats per minute (p less than 0.05), but adrenal SNA increased by 69 +/- 10% over control (p less than 0.05). The decreases in renal SNA and heart rate were reversed by cervical vagotomy but not by atropine, which indicates vagal afferent mediation. In contrast, the increases in adrenal SNA during hemorrhage were not affected by vagotomy alone or by sinoaortic denervation alone but were markedly attenuated by combined sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy, which indicates redundancy in the baroreflex control of adrenal SNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Short-term oral ascorbic acid improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Authors: J P Lekakis, E A Anastasiou, C M Papamichael, K S Stamatelopoulos, A G Dagre, M C Alevizaki, S F Stamatelopoulos
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)
Cutaneous fistula from obstructive pyelonephritis
Authors: Marine P. Lochouarn, Olivier P. Andreani, Alexandre C. Marsaud, Charles P. Raffaelli, Olivier P. Moranne
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

An 86-year-old woman was admitted with failure to thrive and dyspnea and was noted to have an ulcerated skin lesion on her right flank with a spontaneous discharge (Figure 1). She had no significant medical history other than chronic right lumbar pain, self-treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Physical examination was notable for an afebrile patient, with blood pressure of 160/80mmHg, bilateral chest crackles, and leg edema. Laboratory tests showed serum urea nitrogen 3.2mg/dl, creatinine 120mg/l, hyperkalemia 6.4mmol/l, hyponatremia 128mEq/l, venous bicarbonate 10mEq/l, hemoglobin 7.6g/dl, and C reactive protein 15mg/l. The urine dipstick showed the presence of proteinuria ++, leukocyturia +++, blood +++, nitrite ++; urinary pH was 7.0. Urine and skin secretion culture showed the presence of Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. Abdominal ultrasonography showed extensive staghorn calculi in the right kidney and the renal scan revealed urinary obstruction. Computed tomography scan and fistulography showed an incomplete fistula, whereas three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast agent (Figure 2) showed the complete fistula tract and its communication with the calyceal cavity. The patient was diagnosed with nephrocutaneous fistula secondary to obstructive staghorn calculi. The patient refused surgical treatment and was started on hemodialysis. She developed anuria on dialysis and the fistula remained patent with minimal secretion 18 months later. An insidious purulent skin discharge from the flank may suggest a fistula and 3D MRI could be a useful diagnostic tool without the need for contrast agent.Figure 2Magnetic resonance imaging (three-dimensional CUBE) shows the complete fistula tract and communication with the calyceal cavity.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload (PPT)
Permanent form of junctional reciprocanting tachycardias: where is the ventricular insertion?
Authors: J. Martinez-Alday, J.M. Ormaebre, J.L. Merino, R. Peinado, M.F. Arkotxa, J. Almendral, A. Arenal, J. Villacastin, A. Pastor, J.M. Aguirre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
CONVERSION OF GATED SPECT THALLIUM CARDIAC IMAGING RESULTS INTO SAME DAY CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
Authors: C. M. Carr, J. J. Pippin, S. M. Devers, S. J. Durham, T. D. Payne, C. J. Branstetter, A. D. Ross, J. J. Nemec
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Carr, C. M.; Pippin, J. J.; Devers, S. M.; Durham, S. J.; Payne, T. D.; Branstetter, C. J.; Ross, A. D.; Nemec, J. J. Author Information
Letter: Myeloblastic transformation.
Authors: B T Colvin, A Turnbull, G Jenkins
Journal: BMJ (1974)

common pathogens in an inmnunosuppressive environment.The choice of antibiotics in our case was governed by the sensitivity pattern of the initially unidentified Gram-positive bacillus.It was felt necessary to continue antibiotics until the brain-scan and E.E.G. had reverted to normal.In view of poEsible toxicity with long-term gentamicin the patient was dis- charged on ampicillin-thought by some authorities to be the antibiotic of choice in listeria infections.23Both in initial diagnosis and in assessing improvement the brain-scan proved invaluable as a non-invasive tech- nique.-Weare, etc.,
Concomitant Endothelin Receptor Subtype-A Blockade During the Progression of Pacing-Induced Congestive Heart Failure in Rabbits
Authors: Francis G. Spinale, Jennifer D. Walker, Rupak Mukherjee, Julie P. Iannini, Anthony T. Keever, Kim P. Gallagher
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) are increased in patients and animals with severe congestive heart failure (CHF). It remains unknown, however, whether ET-1 plays a direct and contributory role in the progression of CHF. Accordingly, the present project tested the hypothesis that chronic blockade of the ET A receptor would have direct and beneficial effects on left ventricular (LV) and myocyte function in a model of CHF. Methods and Results Global LV and isolated myocyte function were examined in rabbits in the following groups (12 per group): chronic rapid ventricular pacing (RVP; 400 bpm, 3 weeks), RVP and concomitant administration of the selective ET A receptor antagonist (PD 156707 24 mg/d), and sham controls. LV fractional shortening decreased after RVP (17±5 versus 42±3%) and end-diastolic dimension increased (2.36±0.44 versus 1.24±0.18 cm) compared with controls ( P &lt;.05). With RVP plus ET A blockade, LV fractional shortening was increased (33±6%) and end-diastolic dimension decreased (2.02±0.30 cm) compared with RVP-only values ( P &lt;.05). Plasma norepinephrine and endothelin increased twofold in the RVP group. In the RVP plus ET A blockade group, plasma endothelin increased threefold compared with RVP values. Isolated myocyte shortening velocity declined after RVP (42±13 versus 72±10 μm/s, P &lt;.05) compared with controls but was normalized with RVP plus ET A blockade (77±16 μm/s). Myocyte inotropic response to extracellular Ca 2+ , β-receptor stimulation, and ET-1 was reduced in the RVP group and returned to control levels with RVP and concomitant ET A receptor blockade. Conclusions The results from this study suggest that chronically elevated ET-1 levels and subsequent activation of the ET A receptor play a direct and contributory role in the progression of the CHF process. Thus, specific ET A receptor blockade may provide a new and useful therapeutic modality in the setting of CHF.
Positive regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell function via Ly49Q recognition of class I MHC
Authors: Lee-Hwa Tai, Marie-Line Goulet, Simon Belanger, Noriko Toyama-Sorimachi, Nassima Fodil-Cornu, Silvia M. Vidal, Angela D. Troke, Daniel W. McVicar, Andrew P. Makrigiannis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are an important source of type I interferon (IFN) during initial immune responses to viral infections. In mice, pDCs are uniquely characterized by high-level expression of Ly49Q, a C-type lectin-like receptor specific for class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Despite having a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, Ly49Q was found to enhance pDC function in vitro, as pDC cytokine production in response to the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 agonist CpG-oligonucleotide (ODN) could be blocked using soluble monoclonal antibody (mAb) to Ly49Q or H-2Kb. Conversely, CpG-ODN–dependent IFN-α production by pDCs was greatly augmented upon receptor cross-linking using immobilized anti-Ly49Q mAb or recombinant H-2Kb ligand. Accordingly, Ly49Q-deficient pDCs displayed a severely reduced capacity to produce cytokines in response to TLR7 and TLR9 stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, TLR9-dependent antiviral responses were compromised in Ly49Q-null mice infected with mouse cytomegalovirus. Thus, class I MHC recognition by Ly49Q on pDCs is necessary for optimal activation of innate immune responses in vivo.
Normal response to monosodium urate (MSU) crystals by patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M. Doherty, J. Hornby, P. A. Dieppe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

There has recently been considerable interest in the rare coexistence of gout and other inflammatory arthridites.'3We report the first case of tophaceous gout and anklyosing spondylitis. CASE REPORTA 62 year old man was admitted in June 1982 with persistently active polyarticular tophaceous gout and pronounced pedal oedema due to congestive cardiac failure.The first attack of right podagra in 1969 was followed by progression to a symmetrical chronic arthritis, initially affecting only the lower limbs, and he was treated with various non-steroidal agents as well as colchicine.In 1976
Uteroglobin: Structure, Molecular Biology, and New Perspectives on Its Function as a Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>Inhibitor
Authors: LUCIO MIELE, ELEONORA CORDELLA-MIELE, ANIL B. MUKHERJEE
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1987)

SINCE the hypothesis that steroid hormones regulate the expression of specific genes was first proposed (1), several experimental systems have been developed, in which the synthesis of a marker protein is used as an index of hormone action in vivo and in vitro. Among mammalian steroid-induced proteins, rabbit uteroglobin (UG) represents one of the most extensively studied. UG (2), also called blastokinin (3), was first discovered as a major protein component of the rabbit uterine fluid during early pregnancy. Its secretion in the endometrium was demonstrated to be stimulated by progesterone (P) (2, 4). Since that time, UG has become one of the best studied markers of P action on mammalian endometrium, and the molecular mechanism(s) by which P regulates its synthesis and secretion have been extensively investigated. At present we have a fairly good knowledge of UG structure, and we understand a good deal about the regulation of its synthesis by ovarian steroids in the endometrium.
Immunization Recommendations Expanded for Hepatitis B, HPV, Pertussis Vaccines
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

PATIENTS YOUNGER THAN 60 YEARS who have diabetes should be routinely vaccinated against hepatitis B virus, and physicians should consider hepatitis B vaccinations for older patients with diabetes, according to new recommendations from advisors to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Therecommendations fromtheAdvisoryCommitteeon ImmunizationPractices(ACIP)markthe latesteffort tocurb the elevated rate of hepatitis B infection amongpatientswithdiabetes.Additional recommendations include expansion of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverageamongboysandyoungmenand a shift from vaccinating new mothers againstpertussispostpartumtovaccinatingthemduringpregnancy.TheACIPhas also announced it would make its deliberations more transparent by instituting an evidence grading system for the research backing each recommendation.
Abstract LB-215: Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (<i>HIF-1α</i>) splice variants: Potential prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer
Authors: Jean A. Gabert, Nathalie Beaufils, Christine Formisano-Tréziny, Christophe Picard, Monique Silvy, Sophie Giusiano, Colette Charpin, Vanessa Pauly, Vincent Pradel, Pascal Bonnier, Jean-Philippe Dales
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a master transcriptional regulator of genes regulating oxygen homeostasis. HIF-1 protein is composed of two HIF-1α and HIF-1ß/ARNT subunits. Prognostic relevance of HIF-1α protein overexpression has been shown in breast cancer. The impact of HIF-1α alternative splice variants expression on breast cancer prognosis in term of metastasis risk is not well known. Methods: With real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays, we measured mRNA concentrations of total HIF-1α and four variants in breast specimens of a series of 29 normal tissues or benign lesions (normal/benign) and 53 primary carcinomas. In breast cancers HIF-1α splice variant levels were compared to clinicopathological parameters including tumor microvessel density and metastasis-free survival. Results: HIF-1α isoforms containing three base pairs TAG insertion between exon 1 and exon 2 (designated HIF-1 TAG) and HIF-1 736mRNAs were found expressed at higher levels in estrogen receptor negative carcinomas compared to normal/benign tissues (p=0.009 and p=0.004 respectively). In breast carcinoma specimens, lymph node status was significantly associated with HIF-1 TAG mRNA levels (p=0.037). Significant statistical association was found between tumor grade and HIF-1 TAG (p=0.048), and total HIF-1 (p=0.048) mRNA levels. HIF-1 TAGmRNA levels also correlated inversely with both estrogen and progesterone receptor status (p=0.005 and p=0.033 respectively). Univariate analysis showed that high HIF-1 TAG mRNA levels correlated with shortened metastasis free survival (p=0.01). Conclusion: Our results show for the first time that mRNA expression of HIF-1 TAG splice variant reflects a stage of breast cancer progression and is associated with a worse prognosis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-215.
Intestinal transport of sugars and amino acids in diabetic rats
Authors: Ward A. Olsen, Irwin H. Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The specificity and mechanism of altered intestinal transport of diabetic rats was studied with an everted ring technique. Increased intracellular accumulation of amino acids, as well as galactose and 3-O-methylglucose, was demonstrated in diabetes. The greater accumulation by diabetic intestine could not be attributed to a direct effect of the agent used to induce diabetes or to an alteration in food consumption. Although the changes were related to the severity of diabetes and could be reversed with treatment with insulin, they could not be modified by addition of insulin in vitro. The changes could not be induced in control intestine either with hyperglycemia from glucose infusion or preincubation with glucose in vitro.
289 Functional cooperation between Smad proteins and activator protein-1 regulates transforming growth factor-beta-mediated induction of tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Authors: K. Herzer, A. Grosse-Wilde, P.H. Krammer, H. Walczak, P.R. Galle, S. Kanzler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Comparison of Ciprofloxacin (7 Days) and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (14 Days) for Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis in Women
Authors: David A. Talan, Walter E. Stamm, Thomas M. Hooton, Gregory J. Moran, Thomas Burke, Abdollah Iravani, Jonathan Reuning-Scherer, Deborah A. Church
Journal: JAMA (2000)

UNITED STATES AT LEAST 250 000 episodes of acute pyelonephritis occur annually among adult women, resulting in as many as 100 000 hospitalizations. 1,2However, the optimal antimicrobial regimen and duration of therapy for this infection have not been established.4][5] Three-day regimens of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or fluoroquinolones appear to provide adequate cure rates, while being associated with lower cost and fewer adverse effects than longer regimens.The current standard duration of therapy for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis is 14 days, but few studies of shorter-course therapy for this infection have been undertaken.Increasing antimicrobial re-
Risk Factors for Asthma in Adolescents: ISAAC Phase II in a Brazilian Coast City
Authors: L.M. Spinelli, N.A. Rosario, C.A. Riedi, A.V. Schmidt, J.J. Jorge, M. Malucelli, M.S. Cramer, J.C. Correa-Celi, A. Albanus
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Enhancing effect of H-2-linked NZW gene(s) on the autoimmune traits of (NZB X NZW)F1 mice.
Authors: S Hirose, R Nagasawa, I Sekikawa, M Hamaoki, Y Ishida, H Sato, T Shirai
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

To investigate the possible enhancing effect of the H-2z haplotype of the New Zealand White (NZW) strain on the production of autoantibodies and renal disease observed in B/W F1 mice, we developed the ZWD/8 strain, a NZW congenic line carrying the H-2d haplotype, produced (NZB X ZWD/8)F1 (B/WD8 F1) mice, and examined the difference in several immunological abnormalities between the B/W F1 (H-2d/H-2z) and the B/WD8 F1 (H-2d/H-2d) mice. In comparison with B/W F1 mice, the B/WD8 F1 mice showed markedly lower serum levels of the anti-DNA antibodies and the gp70 ICs, and a later onset and a lower incidence of proteinuria with a lower mortality. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the incidences and the amounts of both natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody and anti-erythrocyte autoantibody between these two hybrid strains. Further, the serum levels of IgG and IgM in B/WD8 F1 mice were as high as those in B/W F1 mice. These findings indicate that the gene(s) that is within or closely linked to the H-2 complex of NZW strain specifically acts to intensify the levels of anti-DNA antibodies and gp70 ICs, and to promote the severity of renal disease in B/W F1 mice. This gene may play a role in the class conversion of anti-dsDNA antibodies from IgM to IgG.
The Liver as an Immunological Organ
Authors: Vito Racanelli, Barbara Rehermann
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The liver is a unique anatomical and immunological site in which antigen-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract is pressed through a network of sinusoids and scanned by antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. The liver's lymphocyte population is selectively enriched in natural killer and natural killer T cells which play critical roles in first line immune defense against invading pathogens, modulation of liver injury and recruitment of circulating lymphocytes. Circulating lymphocytes come in close contact to antigens displayed by endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and liver resident dendritic cells in the sinusoids. Circulating lymphocytes can also contact hepatocytes directly, because the sinusoidal endothelium is fenestrated and lacks a basement membrane. This unique anatomy of the liver may facilitate direct or indirect priming of lymphocytes, modulate the immune response to hepatotrophic pathogens and contribute to some of the unique immunological properties of this organ, particularly its capacity to induce antigen-specific tolerance.
Reduction of health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C and improvement with interferon therapy
Authors: Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Michael J. Woolley
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

The natural history, prognosis, and clinical significance of chronic hepatitis C are highly variable and somewhat controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic hepatitis C infection on patients' perceptions of health–related quality of life (HRQOL) and to evaluate whether treatment with interferon improves HRQOL. A total of 642 patients with compensated liver disease who were enrolled in a multicenter trial of interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C had evaluation of HRQOL using the SF–36 and other instruments derived from the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). These instruments were self–administered by patients at baseline and at the end of a 24–week post–treatment observation period after 24 weeks of interferon treatment. Patients with chronic hepatitis C were compared with healthy controls (n = 750) selected from a representative sample of adults in the United States. Unadjusted and age/gender–adjusted results were similar, as were analyses using parametric or nonparametric methods. Compared with healthy controls, patients with chronic hepatitis C at baseline had lower HRQOL on all eight scales of the SF–36 ( P &lt; .001 for all). Patients without cirrhosis (n = 284 ) showed similar although slightly smaller differences. The differences were highly significant, clinically and socially relevant, and greatest for those scales that were more reflective of physical than mental or emotional disease. Patients who had a sustained viral response to interferon therapy (n = 41) exhibited marked improvements in HRQOL, and these improvements exceeded those of nonresponders on 13 of 14 HRQOL scales (8 were statistically significant). Similar improvements were noted in patients with sustained biochemical responses. The authors concluded that patients with chronic hepatitis C with or without cirrhosis have markedly reduced HRQOL. Patients who had a sustained response (virological or biochemical) to interferon therapy experienced significant improvements in perceived wellness and functional status. Successful interferon therapy provides meaningful improvements in HRQOL in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Myeloid cell biology and inhibition of anti-tumor immune responses by MPDL3280A in urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Yuanyuan Xiao, Christina Rabe, Marcin Kowanetz, Thomas Powles, Nicholas J Vogelzang, Daniel P Petrylak, Yohann Loriot, Mitchell Denker, Rin Nakamura, Qun J Wu, Teiko Sumiyoshi, Zachary Boyd, Siew-leng M Teng, Xiaodong Shen, Gregg Fine, Daniel S Chen, Priti S Hegde
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Treatment options for metastatic urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) are limited. Mutational complexity is known to be high in UBC and may correlate with increased immunogenicity. MPDL3280A, a human PD-L1 monoclonal antibody containing an engineered Fc-domain designed to promote a Th1
Can Physicians Change Their Laboratory Test Ordering Behavior?
Authors: Steven A. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

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