tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pesticides: Carbofuran under Review
Authors: David Tenenbaum
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Strong Signal for Cell Phone EffectsWith 3 billion cell phone users worldwide and more than 260 million in the United States alone-among them 46% of U.S. children aged 8-12, according to Nielsen Mobile figures released 10 September 2008human exposure to low-energy radiation in the 800-to 2,000-megahertz range is at an all-time high.The most recent attempt to systematically review the epidemiologic evidence for increased risk of brain tumors related to cell phone use indicates that repercussions from this global experiment are coming to light.In a meta-analysis published in the May 2008 issue of the International Journal of Oncology, Swedish researchers found significant associations between longterm cell phone use and brain tumor risk."We found that cell phone use is linked to gliomas [malignant brain tumors] and acoustic neuromas [benign tumors of the brain's auditory nerve] and are showing up after only ten years," says lead author Lennart Hardell, an oncologist and cancer epidemiologist at University Hospital in Örebro, Sweden.Specifically, for studies that included at least 10 years of exposure, there was a doubling in the risk of gliomas for ipsilateral (same-side) but not contralateral (opposite-side) exposures to the head (as reflected by which hand the subject typically used to hold his/her cell phone).A 2.4-fold increase in risk was seen for acoustic neuromas due to ipsilateral exposures, whereas no increased risk occurred for meningiomas (tumors that occur in the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)."Clearly we need more studies of longterm cell phone usage to better assess the cancer risks," says coauthor Michael Carlberg.Cell phones have been in mainstream usage for only a decade or so, and yet radiation-induced brain tumors normally take about 10-15 years to develop, according to the American Cancer Society.Hardell's research team was itself the source of several studies included in the meta-analysis.In the October 2006 issue of the World Journal of Surgical Oncology, the investigators reported a 70% increased risk of grade III-IV astrocytomas (highly aggressive brain tumors) for analog cell phone users.This same study found a nearly 4-fold increase in risk for acoustic neuromas after 15 years of exposure to analog cell phones.
The Natural History of Kaposi's Sarcoma in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: BIJAN SAFAI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifocal systemic neoplasm histologically characterized by proliferating fibroblastic and microvascular elements. Initial signs include macules, papules, or nodules on the skin or mucosal surface. Lesions are frequently found on the trunk, arms, and head and neck. In general, sites of involvement and tumor load do not correlate with prognosis. A general decrease in the functional capacities of T and B cells is found in most patients. Kaposi's sarcoma is reported as the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in approximately 30% of cases. Most cases are in men, although it has been reported in all risk groups. Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS is more frequent among whites and homosexuals than blacks and intravenous drug abusers. Overall mortality is approximately 41%, with over 60% of patients alive at 1 year and 50% at 22 months. Overall survival is 18 months; however, some patients who have had the disease for 3 to 4 years are still doing well.
Telognosis: A Personal Case Report
Authors: J. Gershon-Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  The word telognosis was coined to incorporate three terms: teleo, roentgen, and diagnosis. The process involves the transmission of medical records such as roentgenograms and stripcharts by radio or telephone circuits. The concept was originally investigated by my colleagues and me in 1947, with considerable success, using apparatus modeled after that used to send photos by wire for the major news services. Since then, technical improvements have been effected and others are being tested. Recently I had the opportunity of appreciating the advantages of the system at first hand.  While my wife and I were traveling abroad, she contracted a severe cold, complicated by acute intermittent precordial pain and an unceasing nonproductive cough. Because she had a cardiac episode four years earlier, I was understandably concerned. When her condition failed to improve in 48 hours, roentgenograms and electrocardiographic studies were done at the Ichilov Hospital in Tel
Medical School Admissions: A Strategy for Success
Authors: Norman D. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The very auspicious title of this book disguises the fact that it merely represents another of those "how-to-do-it" manuals that pander to students seeking admission to medical school. Since the value of such guidebooks depends on the expertise of the authors, it is notable that Wechsler and Gale are not physicians, nor have they ever been directly involved in the process of advising and selecting premedical students. Despite their bystander status, these authors have compiled a 251-page book that they allege will shatter "the myths about getting into medical school" in a manner that can be used to the advantage of individual applicants. This premise hardly seems justified. What Wechsler and Gale have really provided is a stylistic revision of the<i>Medical School Admissions Requirements</i>handbook published annually by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). In the process, they have added some overly simplistic interpretation of valid statistics and
Defect of the Interatrial Septum, with Thrombosis of the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Wilma Jeanne Canada, Fairfield Goodale, James H. Currens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE combination of a large defect of the interatrial septum and extensive, organized pulmonary-artery thrombosis is rare, although massive thrombosis of the pulmonary artery or its primary branches has been reported with increasing frequency in recent years. It is believed by most pathologists to originate as an embolus from the systemic veins, and occurs postoperatively, in post-partum infections, congenital heart disease, cardiac insufficiency of various causes and a few other rare conditions.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 We were able to find reports of its occurrence in association with a defect of the interatrial septum in only 3,9 10 11 and these, in the German, Italian and . . .
Human Tissue Valves in Aortic Position
Authors: Tineke P. Willems, Johanna J. M. Takkenberg, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Veronica E. Kleyburg-Linkers, Jos R. T. C. Roelandt, Egbert Bos, Lex A. van Herwerden
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Human tissue valves for aortic valve replacement have a limited durability that is influenced by interrelated determinants. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze the relation between these determinants of durability and valve regurgitation measured by serial echocardiography. Methods and Results —In adult patients, 218 cryopreserved aortic allografts were implanted with the subcoronary (85) or the root replacement technique (133), and 81 patients had root replacement with a pulmonary autograft. Mean follow-up was 4.2 years (SD 2.7; range, 0 to 10.5). Patient age, operator experience with subcoronary implantation, and allograft diameter were independent predictors for reoperation. With repeated color Doppler echocardiography, the severity of aortic regurgitation was assessed by the jet length method and the jet diameter ratio. Multilevel hierarchical linear modeling was used to estimate initial aortic regurgitation (intercept), its change over time (slope), and the effect of 11 potential determinants of durability on aortic regurgitation. With the jet length method, the intercept was 0.94 grade and the slope was 0.11 grade per year. With the jet diameter ratio, the intercept was 0.34 and the annual increase was 0.01. Subcoronary implanted valves had more initial aortic regurgitation, but progression of aortic valve regurgitation did not differ from root replacement. At midterm follow-up, recipient age &lt;40 years was the only independent predictor of aortic regurgitation. Conclusions —Subcoronary implantation has a learning curve, resulting in more initial aortic regurgitation and early reoperation compared with root replacement. In both techniques, progression of aortic regurgitation over time is small but accelerated in young adults.
Higher Rank Desired by the Medical Corps of the Army.
Authors: Ch. Smart
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The medical officers of the Army have taken exception to the rank provided for their corps by the terms of the Hull bill, reorganizing and increasing the Army, now before the House in Committee of the Whole. They have addressed the Secretary of War on the subject as a means of bringing their views to the notice of Congress. War Department: Surgeon-General's Office, Washington, Jan. 14, 1899. To the Honorable Secretary of War, (Through the Adjutant-General of the Army). <h3>Sir:</h3> —At a recent meeting of medical officers of the Army, we, the undersigned, were charged as a special committee with the responsibility of gathering the views of the Medical Department in relation to those provisions of H. B. 11022, which have in view the increase of the medical corps and of submitting the said views for your consideration, in the hope that they may meet with your approval and be
Economic Evaluation of Bivalirudin With or Without Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition Versus Heparin With Routine Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition for Early Invasive Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Duane S. Pinto, Gregg W. Stone, Chunxue Shi, Elizabeth S. Dunn, Matthew R. Reynolds, Meghan York, Joshua Walczak, Ronna H. Berezin, Roxana Mehran, Brent T. McLaurin, David A. Cox, E. Magnus Ohman, A. Michael Lincoff, David J. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
PRESENT STATUS OF THE PURIFICATION OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES.
Authors: GEORGE W. FULLER
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Ten years have elapsed since the beginning in this country of the epoch of practical accomplishments in the field of municipal water purification. To record and review briefly the more important advances that have been made during the past decade, and to indicate the results, conditions and tendencies as they stand today, is the object of this paper. In 1893 the water filter for the city of Lawrence, Mass., was put in service. Up to that date comparatively little had been done in the way of purifying city water supplies in America; although it is to be remembered that in the early 70's several small sand filter plants were installed, notably at Poughkeepsie and Hudson, N. Y. They were built according to the plans of the late Mr. Kirkwood, following his investigations concerning sand filtration as then practiced in Europe. Ten years ago mechanical filters attracted but little attention
Abstract 1965: Cross-talk among the components of DNA damage response and chromatin remodeling
Authors: Alo Ray, Qien Wang, Qianzheng Zhu, Gulzar Wani, Qun Zhao, Altaf A. Wani
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chromatin remodeling is integral to the functionality of many DNA-templated processes, including DNA damage repair and damage induced checkpoint signaling. The coordinated response to genotoxic damage begins by recruitment of specific protein factors exhibiting a high degree of cross-talk to orchestrate individual pathway events. The common initial step, i.e., accessing DNA damage embedded within chromatin, is a key factor in determining the course of DNA damage response and efficiency of damage processing. Our recent studies have sought to understand the roles for the mammalian SWI-SNF components in nucleotide excision repair (NER) and checkpoint activation. We have knocked down Brg1, the catalytic component and SNF5, the core component, of the SWI-SNF complex, and assessed the impact of these knockdowns on NER and checkpoint activation. Our data suggest that SWI-SNF complex associates with UV damaged chromatin through its interaction with damage recognition factor XPC and helps stabilization of XPC at the damage site. Furthermore, SWI-SNF influences the access of ATM at the damage site, which promotes assembly of ATM-γH2AX-MDC1-53BP1-BRCA1 complex, and eventually influences NER. We propose that SWI-SNF complex positively modulates NER by facilitating stability and accessibility of NER and checkpoint factors at the UV damaged chromatin sites. (This work was supported by NIH grants CA93413, ES2388 and ES12991) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1965.
[495] VIROLOGIC RESPONSE AT TREATMENT MONTH 12 MAY PREDICT SUSTAINED ANTIVIRAL EFFICACY IN ADEFOVIR TREATED LAMIVUDINE-RESISTANT CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: W.S. Han, J.E. Yeon, Y.H. Kim, S.N. Oh, Y.S. Seo, H.J. Yim, W.H. Choe, S.Y. Kwon, K.S. Byun, C.H. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Localized pagetoid reticulosis (Woringer-Kolopp disease)
Authors: A. Scarabello, F. Fantini, A. Giannetti, L. Cerroni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

A 21‐year‐old‐man presented with two small keratotic papules of 3 and 5 mm diameter located on the right palm (Fig. 1a). The lesions had appeared 1 year previously, and were asymptomatic. A few months later a third tiny lesion arose on the left palm. No improvement was achieved using local corticosteroids. Histology showed mild acanthosis of the epidermis with hyperkeratosis, and the presence of striking epidermotropism of medium‐sized atypical lymphocytes with pleomorphic nuclei (Fig. 1b). Immunohistology revealed that intraepidermal lymphocytes had a cytotoxic T‐suppressor phenotype (CD3+, CD4–, CD8+, TIA‐1+, granzyme B+). Complete staging investigations revealed no evidence of extracutaneous involvement. The patient was treated with surgical excision of all lesions. There was no recurrence after a follow‐up period of 18 months. Figure 1. (a) Two small keratotic papules are evident on the right palm. (b) Photomicrograph showing epidermotropism of atypical lymphocytes within an acanthotic epidermis; lymphocytes show small/medium‐sized pleomorphic nuclei (haematoxylin and eosin)
Abstract 4379: Involvement of phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA damage in arsenic-induced toxicity to hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells
Authors: Erika Brown, Clement G. Yedjou, Paul B. Tchounwou
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is widely distributed in nature, air, water and soil. A well-known toxic and carcinogenic agent, arsenic has been associated with various human malignancies, including skin, lung, liver, kidney and bladder cancers. It has been shown to induce apoptosis in a variety of malignant cell lines, but the precise mechanisms involved in arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity are not well elucidated. In this study, we used hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells as a model to determine whether DNA damage and phosphatidylserine externalization are involved in arsenic trioxide (ATO) toxicity. The MTT, single cell gel electrophoresis and annexin-V assays were used to assess cell viability, DNA damage and apoptosis, respectively. The results of the MTT assay demonstrated that ATO significantly reduced the viability of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent fashion, showing a LD50 value of about 8.5 μg/mL, upon 24 hours of exposure. Data generated from the comet assay showed a significant time and dose-dependent increase in DNA damage, with respect to comet tail-length, tail arm and tail moment, as a result of ATO exposure. In regard to annexin V assay experiment, we observed an increase in annexin V positive cells undergoing early apoptosis in ATO-treated cells compared to the control, upon 2 hr of exposure. However, there was not a detection of annnexin V positive cells in ATO-treated cells compared to the control at 24 hr exposure. Based on the 24 hr cytotoxic effect of ATO to HepG2 cells, further studies are needed to elucidate the apoptotic potential of ATO to HepG2 cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4379.
RANDOMIZED COMPARISON OF PREHOSPITAL INITIATED FACILITATED PCI VERSUS PRIMARY PCI IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH &lt; 3 H AFTER SYMPTOM ONSET
Authors: Holger Thiele, Ingo Eitel, Claudia Meinberg, Gerd Plock, Wolfgang Strauß, Dietrich Pfeiffer, Andreas Hartmann, Gerhard Schuler, None LIPSIA STEMI Group
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
ACUTE ARTICULAR RHEUMATISM.
Authors: C. W. HARGENS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

This paper does not assume the pretension of being a complete discussion of this disease, and only a few of the most important points in the general discussion, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, etiology and treatment, are discussed. The statements here made are the result of a large clinical experience extending over a period of fourteen years' residence at Hot Springs, S. D., and in treating cases of acute articular rheumatism with the assistance of modern hydriatic procedure, latterly in an institution thoroughly under control, employing an alkaline thermal mineral water, and aided by climatologic and topographic conditions, embracing an altitude of 3,400 feet, an excessively dry. sunshiny climate, free from great sudden atmospheric change, some of which factors possibly operate in giving me an experience and ideas different from that of practitioners not so located. Acute articular rheumatism is an acute febrile affection, non-contagious, characterized by a nomadic multiple arthritis, profuse
Interleukin-1–Receptor Antagonist in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Claus M Larsen, Mirjam Faulenbach, Allan Vaag, Aage Vølund, Jan A Ehses, Burkhardt Seifert, Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen, Marc Y Donath
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

The expression of interleukin-1-receptor antagonist is reduced in pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and high glucose concentrations induce the production of interleukin-1beta in human pancreatic beta cells, leading to impaired insulin secretion, decreased cell proliferation, and apoptosis.In this double-blind, parallel-group trial involving 70 patients with type 2 diabetes, we randomly assigned 34 patients to receive 100 mg of anakinra (a recombinant human interleukin-1-receptor antagonist) subcutaneously once daily for 13 weeks and 36 patients to receive placebo. At baseline and at 13 weeks, all patients underwent an oral glucose-tolerance test, followed by an intravenous bolus of 0.3 g of glucose per kilogram of body weight, 0.5 mg of glucagon, and 5 g of arginine. In addition, 35 patients underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study. The primary end point was a change in the level of glycated hemoglobin, and secondary end points were changes in beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory markers.At 13 weeks, in the anakinra group, the glycated hemoglobin level was 0.46 percentage point lower than in the placebo group (P=0.03); C-peptide secretion was enhanced (P=0.05), and there were reductions in the ratio of proinsulin to insulin (P=0.005) and in levels of interleukin-6 (P<0.001) and C-reactive protein (P=0.002). Insulin resistance, insulin-regulated gene expression in skeletal muscle, serum adipokine levels, and the body-mass index were similar in the two study groups. Symptomatic hypoglycemia was not observed, and there were no apparent drug-related serious adverse events.The blockade of interleukin-1 with anakinra improved glycemia and beta-cell secretory function and reduced markers of systemic inflammation. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00303394 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Transcutaneous Computed Bioconductance Measurement in Lung Cancer: A Treatment Enabling Technology Useful for Adjunctive Risk Stratification in the Evaluation of Suspicious Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Rex C. Yung, Ming Ying Zeng, Gregory J. Stoddard, Michael Garff, Karleen Callahan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
The Rho-Specific GEF Lfc Interacts with Neurabin and Spinophilin to Regulate Dendritic Spine Morphology
Authors: Xiaozhou P. Ryan, Jacqueline Alldritt, Per Svenningsson, Patrick B. Allen, Gang-Yi Wu, Angus C. Nairn, Paul Greengard
Journal: Neuron (2005)
Pseudolymphoma of the Lung
Authors: PAUL D. SHREVE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Modest abnormal fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake was observed in a pulmonary nodule as a result of a rare benign pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorder commonly known as pseudolymphoma. Pseudolymphoma has been described as a benign inflammatory tumor characterized by a mixed cellular infiltration of reactive lymph follicles with mature lymphocytes predominating and the presence of true germinal centers. The radiographic and CT appearance of pseudolymphoma is indistinguishable from bronchogenic carcinoma. Transbronchial or percutaneous biopsy typically yields a nonspecific diagnosis of a lymphoproliferative disorder or inflammatory process. It has been postulated that the masses formed by pseudolymphoma have as a cause a postinflammatory process, which may, in part, account for the elevated FDG uptake observed in this case. FIGURE 1Fig. 1: A 73-year-old man with a history of smoking had a 2-cm nodule in the left upper lung lobe shown on a chest radiograph. Further evaluation by CT revealed an additional 1-cm subpleural pulmonary nodule in the right upper lobe anteriorly (arrow). This nodule was noncalcified on soft-tissue windows and has a spiculated appearance on the lung window image shown. Transbronchial biopsy showed the nodule in the left lung to be bronchogenic carcinoma (adenocarcinoma). The 1-cm right upper lobe subpleural nodule was then evaluated by FDG positron emission tomography for surgical planning.FIGURE 2Fig. 2: Transaxial attenuation-corrected FDG positron emission tomographic images of the right upper lobe show a pulmonary nodule (arrow). These images were obtained 50 to 60 minutes after injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) FDG and show tracer uptake in the nodule well above mediastinal blood pool present in the aortic arch. The standard uptake value of the nodule was 3.8, with a lesion-to-blood pool ratio of 1.65. Because the level of FDG uptake suggested malignancy, the nodule was removed by thoroscopic wedge resection. Histologic analysis revealed some residua of old organized pneumonia, which likely accounted for the spiculated appearance on the CT images. Within the nodule a bronchocentric process with sheets of lymphoplasmacytic tissue in the interstitia with associated mature germinal centers were present. A histopathologic diagnosis of pseudolymphoma was established by immunofluorescence of the permanent section, which showed a polyclonal origin of the lymphoplasmacytic tissue, with approximately half of the cells positive on immunofluorescence for immunoglobulin-λ light chain, and half of the cells positive for the κ light chain.
Limits of the evocative pancreatic function test in the diagnosis of low-grade pancreatitis
Authors: R. Van Der Hoeden, P. Wettendorff, A. Delcourt
Journal: Gut (1973)

At a certain level of stimulation of the enzymatic secretions of the pancreas utilizing duodenal hormones and caerulein in normal subjects, the hourly urinary amylase output increases beyond normal values. Under these conditions, the so-called evocative pancreatic function test becomes unusable for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis in the early stages.
Induction of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by a new cytokine, ML-1 (IL-17F), via Raf I-MEK-ERK pathway
Authors: Mio Kawaguchi, Fumio Kokubu, Miho Odaka, Shin Watanabe, Shintaro Suzuki, Koushi Ieki, Satoshi Matsukura, Masatsugu Kurokawa, Mitsuru Adachi, Shau-Ku Huang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)