tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Continuous lumbar epidural analgesia for labour and delivery.
Authors: R Derom, M Thiery, G Rolly
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy SIR,-While we would agree with the views of Mr V Moshakis (14 April, p 1014) concerning the inadequacies of the conventional barium meal, we disagree with his assertion that endoscopy should be the primary investigation of suspected upper gastrointestinal disease.That conclusion certainly cannot be drawn from our article "Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: its effect on patient management" (24 March, p 775), to which he refers.
Testing New ICD Technology
Authors: Mitchell J. Shein, Daniel G. Schultz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: In their Perspective article in this issue of the Journal, Hauser and Almquist1 discuss issues involved in the testing of implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs). The authors contend that “the decision by the FDA [Food and Drug Administration] and industry to forgo premarketing clinical testing of the [new quadripolar,2 or IS-4] connector is not in the best interest of patients.” This is an incorrect description of the position of the FDA. The FDA has made no absolute decision that all implantable leads with IS-4 connectors will not require new clinical data. When we are evaluating an application for a . . .
Fate of Tumor Cells Injected Into Left Ventricle of Heart in BALB/c Mice: Role of Natural Killer Cells
Authors: P. Basse, P. Hokland, I. Heron, M. Hokland
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Fate of Tumor Cells Injected Into Left Ventricle of Heart in BALB/c Mice: Role of Natural Killer Cells Get access P. Basse, P. Basse 3Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of AarhusDK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Hokland, P. Hokland 4University Department of Medicine and HematologyAarhus Amtssygehus, Aarhus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Heron, I. Heron 5Statens SeruminstituteCopenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Hokland M. Hokland 3Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of AarhusDK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 9, 6 July 1988, Pages 657–665, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.9.657 Published: 06 July 1988 Article history Received: 25 September 1987 Revision received: 07 March 1988 Accepted: 14 March 1988 Published: 06 July 1988
Birth weight and later socioeconomic disadvantage: evidence from the 1958 British cohort study
Authors: M Bartley, C Power, D Blane, G D. Smith, M Shipley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To investigate the relation between birth weight and socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood and adolescence in a birth cohort study. <b>Design</b>: Longitudinal analysis of birth weight in relation to social class, household amenities and overcrowding, and financial difficulties as reported by parents at interview when participants were aged 7, 11, and 16 years; and receipt of unemployment or supplementary benefits as reported by participants at age 23. <b>Subjects</b>: Male participants in the 1958 birth cohort (national child development study) born to parents resident in Great Britain during the week of 3-9 March 1958. Data on birth weight and financial difficulties between birth and 23 years were available for 4321; data on housing conditions and social class at ages 7, 11, and 16 years were available for 3370. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Socioeconomic disadvantage at later ages in men weighing 6 lb (2721g) or under at birth compared with those weighing over 6 lb and between fifths of the distribution of birth weight. <b>Results</b>: Cohort members who weighed 6 lb or under at birth were more likely to experience socioeconomic disadvantage subsequently. Those in lower fifths of the distribution were more likely to experience socioeconomic disadvantage. Conclusion—Low birth weight is associated with socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood and adolescence. Studies of the association of indicators of early development and adult disease need to take into account experiences right through from birth to adulthood if they are to elucidate the combination of risks attributable to developmental problems and socioeconomic disadvantage.
Long-Term Intermittent Hemodialysis
Authors: Charles P. Hayes
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Two patients in whom renal function was virtually absent have been maintained on long-term intermittent hemodialysis for 20 months. Technical problems during dialysis were infrequent and the silicone rubber-Teflon arteriovenous shunts performed well. Major medical problems included a need for frequent blood transfusion with accompanying febrile reactions in one patient, uremic peripheral neuropathy, and intermittent bouts of noninflammatory musculoskeletal pain and stiffness. Hypertension was controlled by adequate ultrafiltration and hyperuricemia was well controlled by allopurinol, a drug which proved to be removed effectively by hemodialysis. Control of hyperkalemia between dialyses was facilitated by the presence of an increased fecal excretion of potassium. The performance of military corpsmen who were trained in all aspects of dialysis was highly satisfactory.
RIGHT VENTRICULAR ADAPTATION VERSUS ADVERSE REMODELING IN PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: INSIGHTS FROM 3D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC-INVASIVE HEMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Keiko Ryo, Akiko Goda, Tetsuari Onishi, Antonia Delgado-Montero, Hunter Champion, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in primary nonresponders to interferon alone
Authors: K. Demir, S. Kaymakoglu, D. Dincer, I. Tuncer, Z. Durakoglu, C. Karaca, F. Besisik, Y. Cakaloglu, A. Okten
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Early Experience With Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Paul A. Lotke
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Early results of 76 geometric total knee replacements were reviewed with assistance from computer analysis. A 92% patient follow-up for one to three years showed an overall satisfactory result with substantial improvement, especially in relief of severe pain. However, several problems are noted, including fractures beneath the tibial plateau and loosening. The long-term results are still unknown. The indications for total knee replacements should remain conservative until long-term results and experience have been achieved. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2403-2406, 1976)
Letter: Isolated glomerulonephritis with mesangial IgA deposition.
Authors: D R Davies, J R Tighe, N F Jones
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The very fit man had the highest rise, from 0 9 to 10 9 ,ug/I.In contrast, the level in the older Greek runner remained virtually un- changed (0-8 and 1-0 ,g/l).Our investigation confirms the significant rise of plasma GH previously reported after physical exercise.'-3This work is one of a series of studies on the effects of physical exercise on plasma hormones and muscular metabolism.We hope to find tests to distinguish in advance between men who are fit enough to run the marathon and those for whom it may be dangerous.4That such tests may be necessary has already been demonstrated by the case of Philippides, the dispatch-runner who died on arrival at Athens after the Battle of Marathon on 22 September 490 BC.
Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and interleukin (IL)-8 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from pediatric patients with acute asthma and acute bronchiolitis
Authors: C.K. Kim, S.W. Kim, Y.K. Kim, H. Kita, Y.Y. Koh
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Assessment of diagnostic criteria between primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and CD30-rich transformed mycosis fungoides; a study of 66 cases
Authors: A. Fauconneau, A. Pham-Ledard, D. Cappellen, E. Frison, M. Prochazkova-Carlotti, M. Parrens, S. Dalle, P. Joly, R. Viraben, F. Franck, S. Ingen-Housz-Oro, D. Giacchero, M.-L. Jullié, B. Vergier, J.-P. Merlio, M. Beylot-Barry
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Transformed mycosis fungoides (TMF) large cells may express CD30 antigen, and because of this, the differential diagnosis between CD30-rich TMF and primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (cALCL) may be difficult, and especially in distinguishing cALCL associated with MF vs. CD30-rich TMF.To find clinical, histological and molecular diagnostic features useful for differential diagnosis between cALCL and CD30-rich TMF. To analyse and compare the prognostic value of clinical and pathological factors in these two diseases.We conducted a retrospective study (1999-2012) of 32 patients with cALCL and 34 with CD30-rich TMF, seen in reference centres of the French Study Group of Cutaneous Lymphoma. Clinical, histological and molecular features were analysed and compared to determine their diagnostic and prognostic value.Comparison of the two groups showed that age ˃ 60 years, ≥ 5 skin lesions, early progression, absence of spontaneous regression and trunk involvement were significantly associated with the diagnosis of TMF. Abnormal T-cell phenotype and perforin expression were significantly more frequent in cALCL (both P < 0·001). Overall survival (OS) at 5 years was 77·4% for cALCL and 20·7% for CD30-rich TMF. Stage T3, ≥ 5 skin lesions, lower limb involvement for cALCL and stage T4, extracutaneous involvement, B symptoms, high levels of lactate dehydrogenase for CD30-rich TMF were associated with poor OS and progression-free survival. DUSP22 gene rearrangement had no diagnostic or prognostic value.Clinical features and outcome are the most discriminative to differentiate the two entities. Even histological and molecular markers were not fully specific; abnormal vs. normal T-cell phenotype and perforin expression may constitute helpful tools.
The Effect of 3′,5′-Adenosine Monophosphate on Granulocyte Adhesion
Authors: Bryant Re, Sutcliffe Mc
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Human granulocyte adhesion to glass capillary tubes was tested in the presence of agents that increase intracellular levels of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Adhesion was significantly reduced by 10(-3)-10(-4) M dibutyryl cAMP, 10(-4)-10(-6) M prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), 10(-4)-10(-6) M histamine, or 10(-3) M theophylline. Adhesion was not suppressed by 10(-4) M theophylline unless it was combined with PGE(1) or histamine. Eosinophil and basophil adhesion was especially sensitive to suppression by the above agents. These findings suggest that intracellular cAMP may play a role in regulation of adhesiveness of human basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils.
Increased Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity in Coronary Artery Specimens From Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Shiro Hoshida, Junji Kato, Masami Nishino, Yasuyuki Egami, Toshihiro Takeda, Masayoshi Kawabata, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada, Takenobu Kamada
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are effective in the secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease, but they do not reduce the rate of restenosis. Vascular ACE activity in the culprit coronary lesions of these patients, however, has never been quantified. Methods and Results —We measured the ACE activity of vascular tissue obtained by directional coronary atherectomy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (n=17) and in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (n=36), with and without restenosis. The ACE activity of the culprit coronary lesions was significantly increased in patients with acute coronary syndrome (0.87±0.12 nmol · min –1 · mg protein –1 ; P &lt;0.01) but not in patients with ischemic heart disease with restenosis (n=11, 0.19±0.05 nmol · min –1 · mg protein –1 ) when compared with those patients with ischemic heart disease without restenosis (n=25, 0.20±0.05 nmol · min –1 · mg protein –1 ). There was no difference between the ACE activity of the coronary tissue of the in-stent (n=5) and stent-unrelated (n=6) restenosis patients (0.24±0.10 versus 0.15±0.04 nmol · min –1 · mg protein –1 ). Serum ACE activity did not differ significantly among the patients. Conclusions —The present study demonstrates increased ACE activity in culprit lesions in acute coronary syndrome, indicating that enhanced ACE activity is related to the causative mechanism of active coronary lesions.
Incidence and Prognostic Implication of Unrecognized Myocardial Scar Characterized by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Diabetic Patients Without Clinical Evidence of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Raymond Y. Kwong, Hamid Sattar, Henry Wu, Gabriel Vorobiof, Vijay Gandla, Kevin Steel, Samuel Siu, Kenneth A. Brown
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Silent myocardial infarctions (MIs) are prevalent among diabetic patients and inflict significant morbidity and mortality. Although late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can provide sensitive characterization of myocardial scar, its prognostic significance in diabetic patients without any clinical evidence of MI is unknown. Methods and Results— We performed clinically indicated CMR imaging in 187 diabetic patients who were grouped by the absence (study group, n=109) or presence (control group, n=78) of clinical evidence of MI (clinical history of MI or Q waves on ECG). CMR imaging and follow-up were successful in 107 study patients (98%) and 74 control patients (95%). Cox regression analyses were performed to associate LGE with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including death, acute MI, new congestive heart failure or unstable angina, stroke, and significant ventricular arrhythmias. LGE by CMR was present in 30 of 107 study patients (28%). At a median follow-up of 17 months, 38 of 107 patients (36%) experienced MACE, which included 18 deaths. Presence of LGE was associated with a &gt;3-fold hazards increase for MACE and for death (hazard ratio, 3.71 and 3.61; P &lt;0.001 and P =0.007, respectively). Adjusted to a model that combines patient age, sex, ST or T changes on ECG, and left ventricular end-systolic volume index, LGE maintained a &gt;4-fold hazards increase for MACE (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.74 to 9.79; P =0.001). In addition, LGE provided significant prognostic value with MACE and with death adjusted to a diabetic-specific risk model for 5-year events. The presence of LGE was the strongest multivariable predictor of MACE and death by stepwise selection in the study patients. Conclusions— CMR imaging can characterize occult myocardial scar consistent with MI in diabetic patients without clinical evidence of MI. This imaging finding demonstrates strong association with MACE and mortality hazards that is incremental to clinical, ECG, and left ventricular function combined.
Absorption studies after gastrojejunostomy with and without vagotomy
Authors: T. J. Butler, R. D. Eastham
Journal: Gut (1965)

SYNOPSIS Faecal fat studies were carried out on patients following vagotomy and gastrojejuno- stomy (23), gastrojejunostomy alone (32), and vagotomy alone (19).After vagotomy and gastro- jejunostomy, there was a significant increase in the faecal fat excretion.The incidence of steatorrhoea was 430%.After vagotomy or gastrojejunostomy alone, there was no significant change in the faecal fat excretion.Of the various procedures used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer, subtotal gastrectomy has been studied most extensively from the point of view of resulting metabolic disturbance (Butler, 1961;Stammers and Williams, 1963).The alternative procedures, vagotomy combined with gastrojejunostomy, pyloroplasty, or antrectomy, are now coming under the same scrutiny, and it is hoped that the results reported now will add to the accumulating knowledge on this subject.
The Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent Mangafodipir Exerts Antitumor Activity via a Previously Described Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Activity
Authors: Jan Olof G. Karlsson, Heidi Brurok, Rob Towart, Per Jynge
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

To the Editor: 

It was recently described in Cancer Research by Laurent et al. ( [1][1]) how low molecular weight superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics increase H2O2 levels, which in turn killed colon (CT26) and liver (Hepa 1-6) tumor cells. In contrast, the SOD mimetics stimulated proliferation of
Abstract 2990: Analysis of chromatin structure in the Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia gene translocation breakpoint cluster region
Authors: Jeremy C. Horrell, Aileen M. Aldrich, Heidi J. Gill Super
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia (MLL) gene fuses to &amp;gt;50 different loci as the result of reciprocal translocations associated with several subtypes of human acute leukemia. In every case, the fusion point in MLL is within the same 8 kilobase pair (kbp) region, called the MLL breakpoint cluster region (bcr). Despite this conserved breakpoint, no translocation mechanism has been definitively described. Recently, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to determine protein binding characteristics in the MLL bcr. Proteins were noted to bind at the extreme 5’ and 3’ boundaries of the MLL bcr, but not in an internal region near the 3’ end of the MLL bcr which includes the translocation breakpoint hot spot in infant and therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia patients. The limited mobility observed with the protein-DNA complexes indicate a large protein or multiple proteins may bind at the 5’ and 3’ ends of the MLL bcr. Binding occurred with nuclear proteins from hematopoetic cells, but not with nuclear proteins from fibroblast cells and was sequence-specific as shown by competitor assays. Analysis of the most 5’ region of the MLL bcr showed several discontinuous regions are important for protein binding. Our results suggest that specific protein-DNA interactions may define the limits of the MLL bcr, and that the previously described internal hotspot does not bind the same protein complex. Binding of proteins at the boundaries of the MLL bcr prompted a study of chromatin organization within the same regions of the MLL bcr. Our initial hypothesis was that the MLL bcr regions which bound the protein complex would be relatively nucleosome depleted. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP), we consistently showed a lack of histone H3 at the extreme 5’ end of the MLL bcr in Hela cells, and in the B-cell leukemia cell line, REH, suggesting a nucleosome-depleted region. In repeated experiments the 3’ MLL boundary showed minimal histone H3 binding, suggesting this area is also relatively free of nucleosomes. The internal breakage hot spot showed prominent H3 binding consistent with the presence of nucleosomes. The chromatin study suggests that the MLL bcr boundary regions are more exposed, especially in the 5’ region. This further supports our EMSA findings, that the MLL bcr may be bordered by large DNA-protein complexes. The project described was supported by NIH Grant Number P20 RR016741 from the North Dakota INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resource, and by a Minot State University institutional research grant. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2990.
What healthcare services do people with musculoskeletal conditions need? The role of rheumatology
Authors: A. D Woolf
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Rheumatology services to meet the needs of people with musculoskeletal conditions

Musculoskeletal conditions are very common across Europe, affecting all ages, and the associated physical disability is an enormous burden on individuals and society.1 They can be effectively prevented and controlled in many situations but this is not at present fully achieved, partly because people—both the public and health professionals—are unaware of what modern management has to offer. Timely access to appropriate management is essential for all those who have musculoskeletal problems if the burden is to be reduced,2 but this is not the situation for all across Europe. The European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) Section of Rheumatology/European Board of Rheumatology have made recommendations in this issue of what services are required to meet these needs.

There are several reasons why the best outcomes are not achieved for people with musculoskeletal conditions. There is a lack of understanding of the impact that these conditions have, as they are mostly non-fatal and the greatest effects are at increasing ages. Although the impact of rheumatoid arthritis is better recognised, many consider conditions such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis as natural parts of ageing, and back pain is so common that it is often considered normal in people performing heavy-lifting jobs. As a consequence, people with musculoskeletal pain often delay seeing a physician and do not always follow advice as they fear that the treatment is worse than their problem.3 When they do consult a primary care physician, the physician may not be expert or interested in the management of the musculoskeletal problem. Undergraduate medical education is inadequate in musculoskeletal conditions,4,5 and many primary care physicians do not gain any further specific training in the management of these conditions. Many doctors will, therefore, have little or an outdated …
Clinical trial data for all drugs in current use
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Must be made available for independent scrutiny

The drug industry does many good things. It produces medicines that can improve health and save lives. It creates jobs and stimulates economic growth. Sadly it does bad things too. Persistently and systematically over decades it has withheld and misreported data from clinical trials.1 As a result, a whole range of widely used drugs across all fields of medicine have been represented as safer and more effective than they are, endangering people’s lives and wasting public money. Such wilful distortion is scientific misconduct.2 It is not something we can forgive because of the good things drug companies do. As Ben Goldacre says in the introduction to his new book Bad Pharma , “Drug companies around the world have produced some of the most amazing innovations of the past fifty years, saving lives on an epic scale. But that does not allow them to hide data, mislead doctors, and harm patients.”3

Hats off then to GlaxoSmithKline, which announced last month that it would allow access to anonymised patient level data from its clinical trials.4 An independent panel will assess all requests, and the company’s chief executive officer, Andrew Witty, says access will be granted on the basis of …
Effect of chronically exposing young guinea pigs to environmental tobacco smoke on cough and bronchoconstriction, role of NK-1 receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarius*1
Authors: J.P. Joad, P.A. Munch, J.M. Bric, S.J. Evans, K.E. Pinkerton, C. Chen, A.C. Bonham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
DIABETIC COMA TREATED by TRANSFUSION
Authors: D. Young
Journal: BMJ (1903)

can take long walks and cycle rides without getting blown," which speaks well for her cardiac condition.I have omitted the details of her treatment as the chief interest of the case, and its claim to be recorded lies in the unusual severity and persistence of the rheumatic invasion as shown by the sequelae.The associations between rheumatic fever, chorea, iritis, and endocarditis are well recognized, but it is rare for ,these complications to occur consecutively in one patient.I may add that the child had never previously suffered from rheumatism in any of its manifestations, and the only point of note in her family history was that a maternal aunt had *had chorea as a child.