tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR7: An oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding the human sodium iodide symporter facilitates long-term deep-tissue image monitoring of virotherapy and targeted radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Dana Haddad, Aladar A. Szalay, Yuman Fong, Pat B. Zanzonico, Sean Carlin, Chun-Hao Chen, Nanhai G. Chen, Qian Zhang, Yong A. Yu, Valerie Longo, Kelly Mojica
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract To assess therapeutic response and potential toxicity of oncolytic virotherapy, a noninvasive, deep-tissue imaging modality is needed. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, parameters, determining factors of serial imaging and long-term monitoring of systemic virotherapy together with radiotherapeutic response of pancreatic cancer xenografts treated with a vaccinia virus encoding the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS), GLV-1 hi 53. hNIS, an intrinsic plasma membrane protein, mediates the active transport, and trapping of iodine mainly in the thyroid and some extrathyroidal tissues such as the stomach. Pancreatic cancer xenografts (PANC-1) in nude mice were treated systemically or intratumorally with GLV-1h153 and serially imaged using 124I-PET at 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks post virus injection and 4 hours post radiotracer injection. At week 1 and 2 post virus injection, mice were also imaged at 1, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours post radiotracer injection in order to obtain time-activity curves for dosimetry calculations of radioiodine uptake. The PET signal intensity was compared with tumor therapeutic response and optical imaging. Tumors were histologically analyzed for morphology and presence of virus particles. Autoradiography was performed utilizing technecium-pertechtenate and gamma-scintigraphy to assess determining factors for radiouptake in tumors. Combination therapy with GLV-1h153 and systemic radioiodine was also explored. GLV-1h153 successfully facilitated serial long-term imaging of virotherapy with PET signal intensity correlating to antitumor response. Colonization of tumors with GLV-1h153 mediated radioiodine uptake at potentially therapeutic doses. Successful radiouptake required presence of virus, adequate blood flow, and viable tissue, while loss of signal intensity was linked to tumor death and necrosis. Finally, combining systemically administered GLV-1h153 and 131I led to enhanced tumor kill when compared to virus or 131I treatment alone (P&amp;lt;0.001). GLV-1h153 is thus a promising oncolytic agent for the treatment, long-term imaging, and monitoring of the therapeutic response of cancer. GLV-1h153 provided insights into tumor biological activity and facilitated enhanced tumor kill when combined with systemic targeted radiotherapy. Further investigation into parameters and potential synergistic effects of combination therapy is warranted. This abstract is also presented as Poster C7. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr PR7.
Cases of Intermenstrual or Intermediate Dysmenorrh a
Authors: W. O. Priestley
Journal: BMJ (1872)

a tolerance of opium in simple melancholia.WVhile the depression lasts, it is taken with benefit to every function ; and wlhen the depressionl terminiates, its use can be abandoned without inconvenience.Its great value has, I venture to think, been demonstrated to you during your studies here.Out of a number of cases that have passed under your observation in which opium has beeni obviously advan- tageous, let me recall only one, that of Hannah T., admitted on the 20th of last MIarch.This woman was thirty years of age, married, and the mother of five children, the youngest of whom was two years old.She became insane from the fright occasioned by her house being set on fire, and had been low-spirited for six months prior to her reception here.She had become gradually worse, and a fortnight before her admission had cut her throat, inflicting a severe wound, which she afterwards attempted to tear open.When she came under our care, she was deeply and vaguely despondent, and was weak, emaciated, and bloodless, with a wound on the throat opening into the trachea, a soft systolic murmur at the base of the heart, and menorrhagia, which had been going on for fourteen days.She was at once ordered wine, extra diet, and the citrate of iron and quinine.This treatment was continued until April gth, when, no improvement being perceptible, tincture of opium was prescribed in ten-minim doses three times a day.From that hour, improvement was inaugurated, composure was obtained, appetite returned, the tongue cleaned, and weight increased.She was convalescent in three weeks, and was discharged recovered on the 22nd of Alay.
Flow cytometry as a tool for the study of cell kinetics in skin 2. Cell kinetic data in psoriasis
Authors: F.W. BAUER, N.H.C.M.N. CROMBAG, J.B.M. BOEZEMAN, R.M. GROOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Flow cytometry was used to measure the DNA content of epidermal keratinocytes from psoriatic patients. Gross deviations were found in the lesions and minor but significant changes in the uninvolved skin. Statistical analysis revealed that the rather large variation in the DNA distribution of the lesions was due to inter-individual differences rather than to intra-individual differences. The duration of the S-phase seemed to be prolonged in the lesion, but the length of the overall cell cycle might be of the same order as that of normal skin.
Endothelial "stunning" following a brief exposure to endotoxin: a mechanism to link infection and infarction?
Authors: K. Bhagat, R. Moss, J. Collier, P. Vallance
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

There is an association between infection, inflammation and acute cardiovascular events. In an attempt to explore the mechanism of this association we have developed a model to examine the effects on endothelial function of a brief exposure to endotoxin. Methods and results: Endotoxin was instilled into isolated superficial hand veins of healthy volunteers. The vein was isolated by means of two wedges and endotoxin instilled into the isolated segment. After 1 h the contents of the vein were aspirated and the wedges removed. Dose-response curves to bradykinin (a stimulator of nitric oxide synthesis), arachidonic acid (the precursor of prostanoid production) and GTN (a nitric oxide donor) were constructed before and 1 h after endotoxin. Endotoxin caused a glucocorticoid-inhibitable attenuation in the dose-response curves to bradykinin and arachidonic acid (P < 0.05). This effect persisted for 48 h and took 7 days to recover. Exposure of saphenous vein to endotoxin in vitro also caused selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation (P < 0.05) yet microscopy of the vessels exposed to endotoxin showed no endothelial denudation or structural damage. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that a brief local exposure to endotoxin causes endothelial dysfunction that persists for 48 h and takes up to 7 days to recover. The endothelial dysfunction is not due to expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase and persists for far longer than the effects of endotoxin on vascular smooth muscle function. We have coined the term endothelial "stunning" to describe the transient endothelial dysfunction and suggest it might provide a mechanism underpinning the association between infection or inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk. Endothelial stunning appears to provide a novel, transient, variable and modifiable potential cardiovascular risk factor.
Plasma Indicator Dispersion in Arteries of the Human Leg
Authors: JAMES B. BASSINGTHWAIGHTE
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Indicator-dilution curves were recorded from the femoral and dorsalis pedis arteries of five normal men after injections of indocyanine green into the superior vena cava or thoracic aorta. By considering the femoral curves as inputs to a mathematically linear system and the dorsalis pedis curves as outputs, transfer functions (the distribution of transit times) for the arterial segment between these sites were obtained in terms of a four-parameter model, the lagged normal density curve, over a sixfold range of flow rates. The parameters of the spread (dispersion) of 57 transfer functions were proportional to the mean transit time. The mean difference between transit time and appearance time was 0.30 t; the square root of the variances was 0.18 t. These linear relationships suggest that flow rate has no significant influence on dispersion and that, since no transition from laminar to turbulent flow was apparent, arterial flow characteristics were not significantly changed over a wide range of flow rates. The secondary implication is that the rate of spatial longitudinal spreading of indicator with distance traveled is primarily a function of the geometry of the arterial system, not of the rate of flow, and, therefore, that the spatial distribution at any instant is a function of this rate and of the distance traveled through the system.
Returning to work after maternity leave
Authors: J. Cassell
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Working mothers have recently had their anxieties increased by the Louise Woodward case, which provided ammunition for those who think we should not leave the home. In our society the return to work after childbirth is a time of guilt and uncertainty, though more mothers go out to work than ever before. This article addresses what I and other medical mothers have experienced as major preoccupations and problems in planning a return to work. It should not be forgotten, though, that the challenges of returning to work after maternity leave concern all doctors. Women doctors, of course, spend most time and energy on this problem. But most male doctors will also experience these issues in relation to their families or colleagues. If maternity leave and working relations are not to be spoilt by worries about returning, we should all try to be aware of what is involved in becoming a working mother.

The demands on a working mother inevitably change the equilibrium between you, your partner, and your child. You will almost certainly have been the centre of the home during maternity leave, with your partner playing a secondary role in child care and domestic activities, perhaps under your direction. Most likely, you have done more than your pre-pregnancy share of the chores. Reallocation of household work is best done before your return to minimise minor disasters like forgetting the week's shopping. Who will be responsible for cooking, cleaning, washing, bathing the baby, putting him or her to bed, buying the baby food? Who will be “on call” for emergencies, such as when the baby or childminder is ill?

Your loss of control at home, just as you give your child up to strangers, may be difficult to cope with. Expect this to be destabilising and try to share experiences …
Variation in plasma prednisolone concentrations in renal transplant recipients given enteric-coated prednisolone.
Authors: R G Henderson, T Wheatley, J English, J Chakraborty, V Marks
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Renal transplant recipients receiving intermittent haemodialysis and kept under normal ward conditions showed appreciable differences in plasma prednisolone concentrations after therapeutic doses of enteric-coated prednisolone tablets. This gross day-to-day variation occurred irrespective of the dosage used. Breakfast given before prednisolone tended to reduce the rate of absorption of the drug, the effect being quantitatively most pronounced with large doses. Haemodialysis had no apparent effect on the elimination of prednisolone from plasma. Such erratic blood concentrations of prednisolone as observed in these patients, possibly resulting from variable absorption, may be potentially hazardous. Hence use of enteric-coated tablets in renal transplant recipients should be viewed with caution.
394 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN FOCAL NODULAR HYPERPLASIA AND HEPATOCELLULAR ADENOMA: POTENTIAL ROLE OF DOUBLE TRACER PET WITH 11C-ACETATE AND 18F-FDG
Authors: G. Magini, M. Frigerio, M. Farsad, C. Serra, A. Colecchia, E. Jovine, M. Vivarelli, V. Feletti, R. Golfieri, F. Lodi, R. Franchi, S. Fanti, M. Bernardi, F. Trevisani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Occlusion of Peripheral Arteries
Authors: L. K. WIDMER, A. GREENSHER, W. B. KANEEL
Journal: Circulation (1964)

A group of 6,400 volunteers aged 15 to 64 employed in the pharmaceutical industry in Basle, Switzerland, were examined for occlusions of limb arteries. Each subject was given a screening examination including a cardiovascular history, palpation, and electronic recording of foot and wrist pulses. An additional, more detailed examination was done on 294 subjects with pathologic or doubtful screening findings. This included arteriography for 83 subjects. Occlusions of peripheral arteries were found in 99 extremities of 75 subjects. One sixth was located in arteries of the upper extremities; 14 per cent concerned the iliac, 49 per cent the femoral arteries, and 23 per cent the arteries of the lower leg. In the age group 15 to 39 years occlusions occurred as frequently in women as in men, while a male predominance of 1.6:1 was noted in the 40 to 64 age group. The prevalence rose progressively from 0.1 per cent below age 40 to 8 per cent in the 60 to 64-year-old men. Occlusions were not infrequent in young men; 1 per cent was noted in the age group 40 to 44. The history was not found reliable for detection of peripheral arterial occlusions. About two of three subjects with demonstrated occlusions failed to exhibit classical symptoms of reduced blood flow in skin or muscle. Conversely, approximately one of four men and one of three women with patent arteries complained of some discomfort in the legs suggestive of occlusions of peripheral arteries. Evidence of general arterial disease was already present in many subjects with peripheral arterial occlusions: 41 per cent had an occlusion in more than one extremity, 27 per cent presented symptoms of coronary heart disease, and 90 per cent had arteriographic evidence of atherosclerosis in nonoccluded arteries of pelvis and extremities. A similar sex ratio, age distribution, and the frequent concurrence of occlusions of peripheral arteries and coronary heart disease in the same subject strongly suggest a common process responsible for both diseases. A thorough examination of the readily accessible peripheral arteries by methods within the reach of most physicians may lead to the early detection of asymptomatic atherosclerotic disease, permitting the institution of preventive or therapeutic measures before the appearance of myocardial infarction, gangrene, or cerebral vascular accidents.
Venous thromboembolic events in systemic vasculitis: Table 1
Authors: Pavel Novikov, Egor Makarov, Sergey Moiseev, Alexey Meshkov, Leonid Strizhakov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

In a population-base study published in the Annals of Rheumatic Disease , Avina-Zubieta et al 1 showed that there is almost 2.5-fold increase in risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) compared with that in the general population. Higher incidence of VTE is apparently not unique for GCA as a similar increase in risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism was recently found in a meta-analysis of studies in patients with different inflammatory rheumatic diseases.2

We detected only two cases of venous thrombosis (orbital and retinal veins) in our series of 76 patients with GCA, though at least two-thirds of them have been followed for 2 years. At the same time, there were 30 cases of …
Vaccination and its adverse effects: real or perceived
Authors: T. Jefferson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Vaccines have been spuriously linked to sudden infant death syndrome,1 paediatric asthma,2 autism,3 inflammatory bowel disease,4 and permanent brain damage.5 Recently US researchers have suggested that vaccination after 28 days after birth may induce type 1 (autoimmune) diabetes mellitus in susceptible individuals.5 This theory, pounced on earlier this year by the US media, may have led to a lowering of confidence in childhood routine immunisation. In May several institutions (including the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Centres for Disease Control, the World Health Organisation, and the UK's Department of Health) sponsored a workshop at the US National Institutes for Health to assess the evidence of a possible causal link.

Immunologists, diabetologists, epidemiologists, policymakers, and observers debated the available evidence for two days and concluded that it does not support a causal link between vaccination and the onset of type 1 diabetes. Some short and longer term observational studies to test the hypothesis are currently underway. However, the results of a large randomised controlled trial of vaccine against …
SEROLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF STERIC ISOMERS
Authors: K. Landsteiner, J. van der Scheer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

The tests presented in Tables I, II, and III show that only in the higher concentration cross reactions do take place, and that there is definite specificity of the two sorts of immune sera for the homologous antigens. Thus it is easy to differentiate the l- and d-antigens in dilutions 1:100 and upwards. The occurrence of cross reactions can readily be ascribed to the fact that the l- and d-acids present in the two antigens are identical in every respect but the position of the groups connected with the asymetric carbon atom. The i-antigen reacts with both sorts of immune sera as could be expected since it must consist of a mixture of equal parts of l- and d-antigen. The reactions of the i-antigen appear to be only slightly weaker than those of the homologous ones owing to the fact that the intensity of the reactions diminishes but slowly with increasing dilution of the antigens. It is also to be considered that small differences cannot be judged very accurately. Tests with two l- and four d-immune sera not recorded in the tables confirmed the results already discussed. Considering that ferments are known to be adapted ordinarily to one type of steric isomers it may be worth noting that antibodies were formed by the same species of animals for optical antipodes. From the results summarized in Tables IV,a and IV,b one sees that the l- and d-immune sera also differentiate clearly between the l- and d-acids when they are not diazotized and not combined with protein. The l-acid inhibits much more the precipitation of the l-antigen by the homologous immune serum than the d-acid and the converse effect occurs if the inhibiting action is tested on the precipitation of d-antigen by d-immune serum. The inactive phenyl (para-aminobenzoylamino) acetic acid behaved in such tests as a mixture of l- and d-acids, i.e., it acted markedly in both cases, more than the heterologous and less than the homologous acid. The experiments reported bring a definite proof for the view that the steric configuration of antigenic groups is one of the factors determining serological specificity. In the particular case under consideration the mere difference in the position of H and COOH as indicated in the following formulas sufficed to alter the reactivity. See PDF for Equation. The fact that steric isomers are acted upon selectively by immune sera may be supposed to play a significant part in the serological specificity of carbohydrates such as those discovered in bacterial antigens.
Antipsychotics and the risk of venous thromboembolism
Authors: R. Liperoti, G. Gambassi
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A higher risk means treatment should be tailored according to individual risk factors

Patients with schizophrenia have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and this might be associated with the use of antipsychotics, especially low potency drugs such as chlorpromazine and thioridazine.1 Among atypical antipsychotics, clozapine has consistently been associated with VTE in young patients with psychiatric illnesses,2 but evidence from large observational studies has suggested that other atypical antipsychotics carry a similar risk, especially among new users and elderly patients.3 So far, however, the possibility that the underlying psychiatric disorders themselves—and not the antipsychotics—are associated with VTE has never been excluded. This could occur, for example, by the increased concentrations of adrenaline seen during psychotic excitation increasing blood coagulation.4

In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.c4245), Parker and colleagues report a large population based case-control study that included primary care patients aged over 16 who were taking antipsychotics.5 In almost 99% of cases the reason for …
Tri-State Toxic Shock Syndrome Study: Evaluation of Case Definition and Prevention of Recurrence
Authors: Jeffrey P. Davis, Michael T. Osterholm, Charles M. Helms, James M. Vergeront, Laverne A. Wintermeyer, Jan C. Forfang, Lawrence A. Judy, Jean Rondeau, Wendy L. Schell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The clinical and laboratory findings in 80 nonfatal cases of toxic shock syndrome were examined as part of the Tri-State Toxic-Shock Syndrome Study conducted by the state health departments of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa. Symptom criteria included in the case definition were analyzed and certain criteria identified that may be helpful in screening febrile patients early in an episode of toxic shock syndrome or those with mild cases. We also report a 5-month follow-up of the 80 patients and have found that use of antistaphylococcal antibiotics during the initial episode and discontinued tampon use after the initial episode are significant and statistically independent factors in decreasing the rate of recurrent toxic shock syndrome.
Diesel exposure favours Th2 cell recruitment by mononuclear cells and alveolar macrophages from allergic patients by dysregulating MDC and IP-10 production
Authors: Stephanie Senechal, Olivier Fahy, Jerome Pene, Andre Bernard Tonnel, Hans Yssel, Benoit Wallaert, Ann AP Tsicopoulos
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Hippocalcin Functions as a Calcium Sensor in Hippocampal LTD
Authors: Claire L. Palmer, Wonil Lim, Peter G.R. Hastie, Marie Toward, Viktor I. Korolchuk, Stephen A. Burbidge, George Banting, Graham L. Collingridge, John. T.R. Isaac, Jeremy M. Henley
Journal: Neuron (2005)
THE EFFECT OF SLEEP ON SKIN TEMPERATURE REACTIONS IN A CASE OF ACROCYANOSIS
Authors: Richard Day, Walter O. Klingman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1939)

Acrocyanosis is a condition in which the ex- tremities are cold and blue.It differs from Ray- naud's disease in that it does not occur in attacks, but is relatively permanent, and in that there is no sharp line of demarcation separating the nor- mal skin from the abnormal areas.Lewis and Landis (1) believe that the fault lies in an exces- sive sensitivity to cold on the part of the small vessels of the extremities.This sensitivity results in spasm of the arterioles and a secondary dilation of the venous capillaries.Villaret and co- workers (2) and Kreindler and Elias (3) believe that the cause is hypertonicity of the sympathetic nervous system.Elliott, Evans, and Stone (4) emphasize chiefly a local fault of the small vessels, but they recognize that centrally arising impulses may be contributory.They feel that there is merely dilation and atonicity of the venules and venous capillaries rather than spasm of the arteri-
Familial Patterns in Chronic Alcoholism: A Study of a Father and Son During Experimental Intoxication
Authors: SHELDON WEINER, JOHN S. TAMERIN, PETER STEINGLASS, JACK H. MENDELSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

A father and son, both chronic alcoholics, were studied in an experimental intoxication paradigm. Marked affective shifts, emergence of hidden themes, and role reversals followed the course of the drinking experience. However, with the cessation of drinking, a return to the typical sober state ensued. It would appear that the use of alcohol itself might also be applied to further research in the area of treatment for the chronic alcoholic.