tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Piperazine (Antepar) Neurotoxicity
Authors: Burton Combes, Albert Damon, Eugene Gottfried
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

PIPERAZINE, available for oral use as the citrate,¶ has been found effective against pinworm and ascaris infections.1 2 3 Its structural formula is as follows: Widespread experience with this compound has disclosed virtually no significant toxic manifestations at recommended doses of 50 to 75 mg. of the hexahydrate per kilogram of body weight per day, and only mild diarrhea and occasional urticaria are listed in a standard textbook of pharmacology.4 Neurologic findings have been reported in England by White and Standen5 and by Sims,6 and in this country by Howie,7 in patients taking up to three times the recommended dosage. An unusual . . .
Qualitative Studies in Health and Medicine
Authors: N. Mays
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Ed Michael Bloor, Patricia Taraborrelli Avebury, pounds sterling32.50, pp 130 ISBN 1 85628 579 0

Despite their strength in mainstream medical sociology, qualitative studies have always struggled to find favour in health services research and health care evaluation. Bloor and Tarabor-relli's short collection of papers fits into this tradition in that its presumed readership seems to be sociologists and other researchers who use qualitative methods. Despite this, several contributions have direct relevance for health professionals.

The book reflects the variety of qualitative methods and shows the wide range of contemporary qualitative medical sociology, from analysis of patient-practitioner relationships (a staple of medical sociology) to more revealing studies of “backstage” areas of medical practice such as a novel …
Doctors mangled by "justice"
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Health tsars: more like Peter the Great than Ivan the TerribleIn 1999 the Department of Health appointed the first of nine health tsars to help shape a variety of services from primary care to cancer, heart disease, and services for children and older people.This was the first time clinicians could direct change at a national level from a department of the government.Five years down the line Burke (p 126) asked them to summarise their achievements and other people to assess their work.In an accompanying editorial Burns (p 117), the former cancer tsar for Scotland, tells us what it takes to be a tsar: be open to ideas and have money to spend, but also be ready to take jealousy and hostility from some of your colleagues.
Aspiration Pneumonia Due to "Lethane" Hair-oil
Authors: A. Guy
Journal: BMJ (1951)

MULTIPLE SPONTANEOUS " PSEUDO-FRACTURES" MaLSA McCance (1947).Our first case isa mild one, but in view of the still unhealed " pseudo-fracture " in her os pubis we think that only continued small supplementary doses of vitamin D will keep her symptom-free.The second case was for a long time a very great prob- lem.In many respects this patient resembled the case of the de Toni-Fanconi syndrome reported by Stowers and Dent (1947).This syndrome, which, however, usually occurs in children, consists of "pseudo- fractures" associated with rickets or osteomalacia, albuminuria, renal glycosuria, amino-aciduria, hypo- phosphataemia, and, frequently, cirrhosis of the liver.There is sometimes cystinosis with, or without, cystin- uria.There is often consanguinity of the parents, and other blood relatives may show one or more features of the disease.Our patient, however, showed no albuminuria, renal glycosuria, or amino-aciduria.Extensive investigations failed to bring to light any relatives with features of the syndrome.We feel, however, that on the basis of her history and the other findings we have a case of Milkman's syn- drome of R.R.D. type complicated by massive fibrosis of the liver following infective hepatitis.Another condition, atresia of the bile ducts in infancy, may be associated with rickets and " pseudo-fractures" (Gerstenberger, 1933). SummaryThe history and differential diagnosis of multiple " pseudofractures" are discussed and three cases are described.Our thanks are due to Mr. John Young for the photographs of the x-ray plates.
Weighing Benefits and Risks — The FDA's Review of Prasugrel
Authors: Ellis F. Unger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved prasugrel on July 10, 2009. Developed by Eli Lilly and Daiichi Sankyo, prasugrel is a thienopyridine that inhibits platelet aggregation. It was approved for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina or myocardial infarction) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The FDA grappled with a number of complex issues during the review process,1 and the application was presented to the Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee on February 3, 2009.2 The Trial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet Inhibition with Prasugrel–Thrombolysis in Myocardial . . .
Contagious behavior: An alternative approach to mirror-like phenomena
Authors: Robert R. Provine
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Contagious behaviors such as yawning and itching/scratching have mirror-like properties and clearly defined stimulus and motor parameters; they are also relatively easy to study and should be part of the debate about mirror neurons and the neurological mechanisms of social behavior. The broadly tuned, multimodal stimuli of contagious behavior challenge present accounts of mirror mechanisms that focus on specific, mirrored acts.
BRAFV600E Mutation Associated With Non–Radioiodine-Avid Status in Distant Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Ke Yang, Hao Wang, Zhiyong Liang, Jun Liang, Fang Li, Yansong Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

It was reported that BRAF mutation correlates with radioactive iodine refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in local recurrence, whereas its relationship with I uptake status in distant metastatic PTC remains uncertain. This prospective study tried to explore the association between I uptake in distant metastases (DM) of PTC and BRAF mutation status in their primary tumor.Seventy-three patients with DM were divided into BRAF mutation group (n = 19) and wild-type BRAF group (n = 54) according to the BRAF mutation status. After posttherapy I whole-body scan was performed, the relation between I uptake in DM, BRAF mutation status, and clinicopathological characteristics of 2 groups were compared.The mean age of mutation group was older than that of the wild-type group (P < 0.05). In the mutation group, 16 patients (84.2%, 16 of 19) were found to be with non-iodine-avid DM, whereas in wild-type group, only 5.6% (3 of 54) were with non-iodine-avid DM. The sensitivity and specificity of using BRAF mutation for the identification of non-iodine-avid DM were 84.2% and 94.4%, respectively.BRAF mutation in primary tumor might be a promising molecular marker to predict the status of I uptake in distal metastases.
Reviewing RAWP. Is the medical service increment for teaching (SIFT) adequate?
Authors: G Bevan
Journal: BMJ (1987)

One issue of interest to the current review of the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP) formula is the extra service costs associated with medical teaching. RAWP intended the medical service increment for teaching (SIFT) to cover these costs. Although it is not possible to assess from the methods used to derive the SIFT rate whether it is or is not overgenerous for its intended purpose, the "excellence" elements of teaching hospitals tend to be protected. The financial problems of the teaching hospitals are more likely to be due to the relatively high use of services by local residents. But cutting services of London teaching hospitals to bring this use down to equitable levels may impair their capacity to train medical students.
Influence of obesity on the metabolism of apolipoprotein B in humans.
Authors: G Egusa, W F Beltz, S M Grundy, B V Howard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The influence of obesity on the metabolism of apolipoprotein B (apo B) in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was investigated in nine obese and seven nonobese Pima Indian men. Kinetics of VLDL-apo B (VLDL-B), VLDL-triglycerides, IDL-B and LDL-B were studied after injection of autologous 131I-VLDL, [3H]glycerol, and autologous 125I-LDL. Specific activities were measured in apo B isolated from all lipoprotein fractions and in triglyceride isolated from VLDL. Transport rates and fractional catabolic rates for apo B in VLDL, IDL, and LDL and triglyceride in VLDL were determined by multicompartmental analysis. This method also allowed the estimation of rates of interconversions of the lipoproteins. The two groups had similar mean ages and heights, but the obese group had a higher total body weight (131 +/- 14 vs. 66 +/- 3 kg +/- SEM) and fat free mass (81 +/- 5 vs. 54 +/- 2 kg) than lean controls. Plasma total lipids were similar for the two groups, and apo B concentrations in VLDL, IDL, and LDL were similar in obese and lean subjects. In spite of similarity in concentrations, obese subjects compared to lean subjects had higher synthetic rates of VLDL-triglyceride (62.6 +/- 15 vs. 26.2 +/- 7 g/d, P less than 0.01), VLDL-B (2,241 +/- 215 vs. 1,113 +/- 72 mg/d, P less than 0.001), and LDL-B (1,234 +/- 87 vs. 802 +/- 83 mg/d, P less than 0.01). Furthermore, in obese subjects, significantly higher amounts of VLDL-B were removed from the circulation without conversion to LDL-B (1,078 +/- 159 vs. 460 +/- 34 mg/d, P less than 0.05), and obese subjects had a higher fractional catabolic rate for LDL than the lean controls (0.48 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.41 +/- 0.02 d-1, P less than 0.05). The rapid catabolism of LDL and increased metabolism of VLDL without conversion to LDL in obese individuals may be mechanisms for maintenance of LDL at normal levels despite the overproduction of its precursor.
A BRIEF COMMUNICATION ON NASAL VIBRATION (MASSAGE) WITH REPORT OF CASES.
Authors: NORVAL, H. PIERCE
Journal: JAMA (1891)

At the Tenth International Medical Congress a paper was read before the Laryngological Section, which at once attracted attention, first, because it sought to introduce a novelty into our therapeusis; secondly, because it had for its scope and promise the cure of a class of diseases which have been regarded as nearly or altogether incurable. I refer to Dr. Brown's paper on Vibratory Massage of the Nose, etc. In order to refresh the memory of the reader I will take the liberty of presenting an extract translation of the above mentioned contribution. The two massage movements employed are known according to Dr. Kellgrew (London) as effleurage and vibration. By<i>effleurage</i>is meant a<i>stroking</i>movement superficial or deep, the force of which varies from a scarcely perceptible touch to distinct pressure. By<i>vibration</i>is meant a light, rapid trembling movement, having its origin in the elbow joint and which is
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use and Renal Outcomes—Reply
Authors: Chih-Cheng Hsu, Jia-Sin Liu, Der-Cherng Tarng
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Detection Of IgE Anti-Parvovirus B19 Antibodies In Human Breast Millk: A Case Study
Authors: T.A. Smith-Norowitz, K.B. Norowitz, H. Drew, M. Nowakowski, E.F. Bluth, H.G. Durkin, M.H. Bluth
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Skin Lesions as a Diagnostic Aid in Barbiturate Poisoning
Authors: Dieter Gröschel, Alan R. Gerstein, Jerald M. Rosenbaum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

ACCIDENTAL or suicidal ingestion of hypnotic drugs often results in the admission to the hospital of patients in deep coma. Although barbiturate intoxication is the leading cause of such clinical syndromes, it is not possible to make the diagnosis on clinical grounds alone. However, skin lesions may be helpful in early diagnosis of such cases.Case ReportA 55-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for treatment of coma secondary to drug ingestion on May 21, 1969. When found, she was deeply comatose; beside her bed was an empty bottle that had contained 30 capsules of a sedative made up . . .
Abstract B63: Heterologous expression of serine palmitoyltransferase-1 alters chemosensitivity and multidrug resistance profile of human cancer cells of different tissue origins
Authors: Tokunbo Yerokun
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The progression of human brain, bladder and prostate cancers, considered inflammatory cancers, is characterized by the acquisition of metastatic and drug resistance profiles which remain major impediments to the efficacious delivery of therapeutic intervention. Recent localization and protein interaction studies of the sphingolipid metabolism protein, serine palmitoyltransferase-1, SPTLC1, suggest a signaling, other than metabolic role during cellular response to diverse stress stimuli. The current study examined chemosensitivity to genotoxic compounds by a set of SPTLC1 recombinant cancer cell lines. When exposed to the anti-cancer drugs celecoxib and fenretinide, SPTLC1 localization as determined by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed its translocation to focal adhesion sites. This allows for possible interaction and crosstalk with other stress response proteins involved in regulating cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and other processes by which cells respond to stress stimuli. Stress-inducible gene expression profile of cytochrome p450 transcripts shows differential attenuation of the Cyp1A1, 1A2 and 3A4 species. Altered expression of the genes for the cytochrome p450 xenobiotic metabolism proteins can have profound effect on the toxicity of anticancer drugs especially those with narrow therapeutic window. Taken together, the heterologous expression of a C-terminal modified SPTLC1 gene in the human cancer cell lines used in this study was found to mediate an altered drug response profile consistent with acquisition of a multidrug resistance phenotype. This is exemplified in increased resistance to anti-proliferative effect of therapeutic drugs, differential attenuation of transcriptional expression of Cyp450 species, as well as, chemical induced DNA fragmentation. The observations further support a general role for SPTLC1 in cellular stress response and its potential contribution in cellular resistance to cytotoxic drugs.
Diabetes incidence in an Australian aboriginal population. An 8-year follow-up study.
Authors: M Daniel, K G Rowley, R McDermott, A Mylvaganam, K O'Dea
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To examine prospectively the association between age, BMI, and subsequent incidence of type 2 diabetes in Australian aboriginal people. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a stratified analysis of incidence data from a community-based longitudinal study. Measures included fasting and 2-h postload glucose concentrations, and BMI, stratified into four categories. Subjects were 882 male and female participants in diabetes screening initiatives in two remote Australian aboriginal communities, free from diabetes at baseline, ages 15-77 years. RESULTS: There were 46 incident cases of diabetes over 2,808 person-years of follow-up. BMI modified strongly the sex- and community-adjusted association between age and diabetes incidence (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Adjusted for age, sex, and community, the population diabetes incidence rate was 20.3 cases/1,000 person-years, with BMI-specific rates of 10.7-47.2 cases/1,000 person-years, and relative risks (95% CI) for BMI strata beyond the reference category (&amp;lt; 25 kg/m2) of 3.3 (1.5-7.0), 2.7 (1.1-6.8), and 4.4 (1.7-11.6), respectively. The population's attributable risk (95% CI) associated with BMI beyond the reference category was 70.1% (58.1-82.4). CONCLUSIONS: BMI-specific diabetes incidence rates in Australian aboriginal people are among the highest in the world. Diabetes incidence in the lowest BMI category (10.7 cases/1,000 person-years) is two to five times greater than corresponding rates for non-aboriginal populations. An urgent need exists to prevent weight gain associated with diabetes. Further study is required to determine for aboriginal people an optimal range of BMI, likely lower than that suggested for non-aboriginal populations.
Identification and Isolation of Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Target Cells by Adenoviral Conditional Targeting
Authors: Tomoyuki Takahashi, Takao Kawai, Hiroaki Ushikoshi, Satoshi Nagano, Hatsue Oshika, Makoto Inoue, Takahiro Kunisada, Genzou Takemura, Hisayoshi Fujiwara, Ken-ichiro Kosai
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The technical limitations of isolating target cells have restricted the utility of pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells. For example, early cardiac (i.e., precontractile) cells have not been isolated from ES cells. Here, we find that direct expression of reporter genes under cell-specific promoters-the currently available strategy for isolating cells lacking cell-specific surface markers-is ineffective for isolating progenitor cells. This was due to the weak activity of cell-specific promoters, particularly in ES cells at early stages. We show that adenoviral conditional targeting efficiently isolates viable ES cell-derived target cells without harmful effects. In this strategy, we employ the alpha-myosin heavy chain and Nkx2.5 promoter to visualize and purify efficiently differentiated and primitive cells of the cardiac lineage, respectively. While the former cells predominantly expressed sarcomeric proteins and maintained contractile function, the latter demonstrated neither of these features, but rather exhibited expression patterns characteristic of a mixture of primitive cells and cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, smooth muscle actin was predominantly expressed in the latter cells, and both functionally known and unknown genes were systematically identified, demonstrating the benefits of this system. Thus, our method facilitates molecular and cellular studies of development and ES cell-derived cell therapy.
QOF and public health priorities don't improve care in ageing
Authors: D. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The influence of the quality and outcomes framework (QOF) in the general practitioners’ contract cannot be discounted.1 But not everything can appear in the QOF, and if it doesn’t it doesn’t tend to happen.

Urinary incontinence affects 25% of women over 65; 50% of people over 80 fall at least once a year, and women have …
Circulating Tumor Cells Revisited
Authors: Massimo Cristofanilli
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Candidemia in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: analysis of prognostic factors and assessment of systemic antifungal therapy
Authors: J. Nolla-Salas, A. Sitges-Serra, C. León-Gil, J. Martínez-González, M. A. León-Regidor, P. Ibán˜ez-Lucí, J. M. Torres-Rodríguez
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1997)
Subgrouping of Primary Angle-Closure Suspects Based on Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters
Authors: Monisha E. Nongpiur, Tianxia Gong, Hwee Kuan Lee, Shamira A. Perera, Li Cheng, Li-Lian Foo, Mingguang He, David S. Friedman, Tin Aung
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
IgE Sensitization to<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>Is Associated with Reduced Lung Function in Asthma
Authors: Abbie Fairs, Joshua Agbetile, Beverley Hargadon, Michelle Bourne, William R. Monteiro, Christopher E. Brightling, Peter Bradding, Ruth H. Green, Kugathasan Mutalithas, Dhananjay Desai, Ian D. Pavord, Andrew J. Wardlaw, Catherine H. Pashley
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: The importance of Aspergillus fumigatus sensitization and colonization of the airways in patients with asthma is unclear.Objectives: To define the relationship between the clinical and laboratory features of A. fumigatus–associated asthma.Methods: We studied 79 patients with asthma (89% classed as GINA 4 or 5) classified into 3 groups according to A. fumigatus sensitization: (1) IgE-sensitized (immediate cutaneous reactivity > 3 mm and/or IgE > 0.35 kU/L); (2) IgG-only–sensitized (IgG > 40 mg/L); and (3) nonsensitized. These were compared with 14 healthy control subjects. Sputum culture was focused toward detection of A. fumigatus and compared with clinical assessment data.Measurements and Main Results: A. fumigatus was cultured from 63% of IgE-sensitized patients with asthma (n = 40), 39% of IgG-only–sensitized patients with asthma (n = 13), 31% of nonsensitized patients with asthma (n = 26) and 7% of healthy control subjects (n = 14). Patients sensitized to A. fumigatus compared with nonsensitized patients with asthma had lower lung function (postbronchodilator FEV1 % predicted, mean [SEM]: 68 [±5]% versus 88 [±5]%; P < 0.05), more bronchiectasis (68% versus 35%; P < 0.05), and more sputum neutrophils (median [interquartile range]: 80.9 [50.1–94.1]% versus 49.5 [21.2–71.4]%; P < 0.01). In a multilinear regression model, A. fumigatus–IgE sensitization and sputum neutrophil differential cell count were important predictors of lung function (P = 0.016), supported by culture of A. fumigatus (P = 0.046) and eosinophil differential cell count (P = 0.024).Conclusions: A. fumigatus detection in sputum is associated with A. fumigatus–IgE sensitization, neutrophilic airway inflammation, and reduced lung function. This supports the concept that development of fixed airflow obstruction in asthma is consequent upon the damaging effects of airway colonization with A. fumigatus.