tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Acne Vulgaris With a Pulsed Dye Laser
Authors: Jeffrey S. Orringer, Sewon Kang, Ted Hamilton, Wendy Schumacher, Soyun Cho, Craig Hammerberg, Gary J. Fisher, Darius J. Karimipour, Timothy M. Johnson, John J. Voorhees
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextThe high prevalence of acne vulgaris and its significant morbidity underscore the need for convenient, low-risk, and efficacious therapy. Treatment with various lasers has been reported to improve acne.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of pulsed dye laser therapy in the treatment of acne.Design, Setting, and PatientsRandomized, single-blind, controlled, split-face clinical trial of a volunteer sample of 40 patients aged 13 years or older with facial acne conducted at an academic referral center from August 2002 to September 2003.InterventionOne or 2 nonpurpuric pulsed dye laser treatments to half of the face (fluence of 3 J/cm2), serial blinded clinical assessments (lesion counts), and grading of acne severity using standardized bilateral serial photographs.Main Outcome MeasuresComparison of the changes in lesion counts from baseline to 12 weeks between treated and untreated sides of the face and changes in photographic evidence of acne severity as graded by a panel of dermatologists blinded to treatment assignment.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, using intent-to-treat analysis with last observation carried forward, there were no significant differences between laser-treated and untreated skin for changes in mean papule counts (−4.2 vs −2.2; P = .08), mean pustule counts (0 vs −1.0; P = .12), or mean comedone counts (2.9 vs 1.6; P = .63). Grading of serial photographs confirmed the clinical assessments, showing no significant mean (SE) differences in Leeds scores (range, 1-12) for treated skin (3.98 [0.32] at baseline and 3.94 [0.27] at week 12) compared with untreated skin (3.83 [0.32] at baseline and 3.79 [0.28] at week 12) (P>.99).ConclusionsIn this study, the nonpurpuric pulsed dye laser therapy did not result in significant improvement of facial acne. More research is needed before this laser therapy may be recommended as an acne treatment.
CULPRIT VESSEL VERSUS MULTIVESSEL INTERVENTION FOR PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITHOUT CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY OF 9,377 PATIENTS
Authors: Bilal Iqbal, Charles Ilsley, Tito Kabir, Robert Smith, Rebecca Lane, Mark Mason, Andrew Archbold, Tom Crake, Sam Firoozi, Sundeep Kalra, Charles Knight, Pitt Lim, Anthony Mathur, Iqbal Malik, Pascal Meier, Roby Rakhit, Simon Redwood, Mark Whitbread, Krishna Rathod, Dan Bromage, Andrew Wragg, Philip MacCarthy, Miles Dalby
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The Hand Atlas
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<b>Anatomy of the Guinea Pig,</b>by Gale Cooper and Alan L. Schiller, 417 pp, with illus, $40, Cambridge, Mass, Harvard University Press, 1975. <b>Photographic Atlas of Fetal Anatomy,</b>by Wesley W. Parke, 435 pp, 205 illus, $34.50, Baltimore, University Park Press, 1975. Three new books on anatomy deserve special mention. One seems primarily for surgeons, one for experimentalists, and one for anatomists and students of anatomy. <i>The Hand Atlas</i>should appeal to surgeons, especially hand surgeons. The illustrations are photographs, principally black and white, but many in color. For the most part they depict dissections at various levels but there are also surface views and reproductions of x-rays films. The topics are covered in the following order: distal volar forearm, palm, thumb, fingers, radial side of hand, dorsum of thumb, dorsum of fingers, spaces of the hand, and wrist mechanics. The descriptive text is clear. The bibliography is meager. The
An interest in teeth
Authors: M. E Black
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Teeth were a major topic here this week. Our vet let my 12 year old son, after persistent maternal cajoling, sit in on dental surgery for our dog. He also showed him puppies on ultrasound and several sick dogs from the shelter. I like my children to see various career options, so they do not blindly follow the family ant tracks into the fourth generation of medics. If they end up choosing medicine they will have relatives and connections in most specialties, lining up to test their resolve, comment on their …
Targeted disruption of the mouse colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor gene results in osteopetrosis, mononuclear phagocyte deficiency, increased primitive progenitor cell frequencies, and reproductive defects
Authors: Xu-Ming Dai, Gregory R. Ryan, Andrew J. Hapel, Melissa G. Dominguez, Robert G. Russell, Sara Kapp, Vonetta Sylvestre, E. Richard Stanley
Journal: Blood (2002)
Therapeutic Effect of Erythromycin on Influenza Virus-induced Lung Injury in Mice
Authors: KEIZO SATO, MORITAKA SUGA, TAKAAKI AKAIKE, SHIGEMOTO FUJII, HIROYUKI MURANAKA, TOSHINORI DOI, HIROSHI MAEDA, MASAYUKI ANDO
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Erythromycin (EM) is an antibiotic with potent antiinflammatory effects that is used for treating chronic lower respiratory tract infections. It has been shown that free radicals, such as the superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO), are pathogenic molecules in viral disease. Much attention has been given to a critical role of NO in the pathologic events of various inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of EM on influenza-virus-induced pneumonia in mice infected with a lethal dose of influenza virus A/Kumamoto/Y5/67 (H2N2). The administration of EM at a dose of 3.3 mg/kg/d (intraperitoneally, from Days 1 to 6 after infection), significantly improved the survival rate of mice infected with influenza virus, and the survival rate of the virus-infected mice at Day 20 after infection increased in a dose-dependent fashion with EM administered to the animals, from 14% among controls to 42% among animals given EM at 1.0 mg/kg/d and 57% among those given EM at 3.3 mg/kg/d. The induction of interferon- γ (IFN- γ ) in the mouse lung was inhibited by EM treatment on Day 6 after infection. Simultaneously, the number of inflammatory cells recovered in lung lavage fluid 6 d after virus infection was significantly reduced by the treatment with EM. The EM treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the level of nitrite/nitrate (metabolites of NO) in the serum and the NO synthase (NOS)-inducting potential in the lungs of the virus-infected mice. These results indicate that EM may have substantial therapeutic value for various acute inflammatory disorders such as influenza-virus-induced pneumonia, by inhibiting inflammatory-cell responses and suppressing NO overproduction in the lung.
Inability of mice with a defect in B-lymphocyte maturation to respond to phosphorycholine on immunogenic carriers.
Authors: J J Mond, R Lieberman, J K Inman, D E Mosier, W E Paul
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Mice with the CBA/N defect are unresponsive to the hapten phosphorylcholine (PC) even when presented on a variety of immunogenic carriers. Since these mice have the variable region gene for PC, their inability to respond may reflect deletion or suppression of the line of B lymphocytes which is responsible for the anti-PC response.
Contact Dermatitis from Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride
Authors: Robert F. Tilley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE clinical applications of chlorpromazine hydrochloride have been the subject of extensive investigations. Among these are the control of nausea,1 the management of manic states2 and the relief of pain.3 Undesirable reactions to the drug include postural hypotension, jaundice, local irritation at the site of injection and drug eruptions.Recently, 8 patients were seen in whom a contact dermatitis followed exposure to chlorpromazine. These people were members of the nursing and household staffs of the Boston Lying-in Hospital. At this institution a study of chlorpromazine was started in December, 1953. The plan of the project required that the drug be . . .
Two Distinct Mechanisms Mediate a Differential Regulation of Protein Kinase C Isozymes in Acute and Prolonged Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Ruth H. Strasser, Gregor Simonis, Steffen P. Schön, Martin U. Braun, Renate Ihl-Vahl, Christof Weinbrenner, Rainer Marquetant, Wolfgang Kübler
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —An activation of protein kinase C (PKC) in acute myocardial ischemia has been shown previously using its translocation to the plasma membrane as an indirect parameter. However, whether PKC remains activated or whether other mechanisms such as altered gene expression may mediate an isozyme-specific regulation in prolonged ischemia have not been investigated. In isolated perfused rat hearts, PKC activity and the expression of PKC cardiac isozymes were determined on the protein level using enzyme activities and Western blot analyses and on the mRNA level using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction after various periods of global ischemia (1 to 60 minutes). As early as 1 minute after the onset of ischemia, PKC activity is translocated from the cytosol to the particulate fraction without change in total cardiac enzyme activity. This translocation involves all major cardiac isozymes of PKC (ie, PKCα, PKCδ, PKCε, and PKCζ). This rapid, nonselective activation of PKCs is only transient. In contrast, prolonged ischemia (≥15 minutes) leads to an increased cardiac PKC activity (119±7 versus 190±8 pmol/min per mg protein) residing in the cytosol. This is associated with an augmented, subtype-selective isozyme expression of PKCδ and PKCε (163% and 199%, respectively). The specific mRNAs for PKCδ (948±83 versus 1501±138 ag/ng total RNA, 30 minutes of ischemia) and PKCε (1597±166 versus 2611±252 ag/ng total RNA) are selectively increased. PKCα and PKCζ remain unaltered. In conclusion, two distinct activation and regulation processes of PKC are characterized in acute myocardial ischemia. The early, but transient, translocation involves all constitutively expressed cardiac isozymes of PKC, whereas in prolonged ischemia an increased total PKC activity is associated with an isozyme-selective induction of PKCε and PKCδ. Whether these fundamentally different activation processes interact remains to be elucidated.
Protein S as an in vivo cofactor to activated protein C in prevention of microarterial thrombosis in rabbits.
Authors: B Arnljots, B Dahlbäck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The antithrombotic effects of bovine activated protein C (APC) and protein S were investigated in a rabbit model of microarterial thrombosis. Because of the species specificity of the APC-protein S interaction, bovine APC expresses potent anticoagulant activity in rabbit plasma only when bovine protein S is also present. This provided a way to assess the contribution of bovine protein S to the antithrombotic effect of bovine APC. Rabbits were infused with boluses of activated protein C (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg/kg), protein S (0.5 mg/kg), or activated protein C (0.1 or 0.01 mg/kg) plus protein S (0.5 mg/kg). APC alone produced a dose-dependent antithrombotic effect, but only the group receiving the highest dose differed significantly from controls. While a low dose of activated protein C (0.1 mg/kg) alone had no antithrombotic effect, together with protein S (0.5 mg/kg) it produced a potent response. The presented results demonstrate the in vivo significance of protein S as a cofactor to activated protein C. The data show that a potent antithrombotic effect, without hemorrhagic side effects or significant systemic anticoagulation, may be achieved by low doses of activated protein C when combined with protein S.
Cardiovascular Disease: Monocyte-Targeting Supramolecular Micellar Assemblies: A Molecular Diagnostic Tool for Atherosclerosis (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2015)
Authors: Eun Ji Chung, Laurie B. Mlinar, Kathryn Nord, Matthew J. Sugimoto, Emily Wonder, Francis J. Alenghat, Yun Fang, Matthew Tirrell
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Current diagnostic imaging tools cannot differentiate lethal plaques in atherosclerosis, and are not sensitive enough for preventive medicine. On page 367 M. Tirrell and co-workers present monocyte-targeting, peptide amphiphile micelles as a new class of diagnostic agents for molecular imaging capable of discriminating between varying stages of atherosclerosis. Bio-distribution and clearance mechanisms are investigated in vivo. Cover image by Peter Allen.
Characterisation of regional myocardial dynamics during mechanical alternans in heart of anaesthetised pig
Authors: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Characterisation of regional myocardial dynamics during mechanical alternans in heart of anaesthetised pig Get access C F Murphy, C F Murphy Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Correspondence to Dr Murphy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M J Lab, M J Lab Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F G Harrison, F G Harrison Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S M Horner, S M Horner Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D J Dick, D J Dick Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M Moutoussis M Moutoussis Department of Physiology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom: C F Murphy, M J Lab, F G Harrison, S M Horner, D J Dick, M Moutoussis. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 9, September 1993, Pages 1639–1644, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.9.1639 Published: 01 September 1993 Article history Received: 22 January 1993 Accepted: 10 May 1993 Published: 01 September 1993
De novo membranous nephropathy in human renal allografts: Report of nine patients
Authors: Jean-Pierre Cosyns, Yves Pirson, Jean-Paul Squifflet, Guy P.J. Alexandre, Charles van Ypersele de Strihou, Vivian W. Pinn, Stephen J. Sweet, Kenneth S. Shapiro, Sang Cho, John T. Harrington
Journal: Kidney International (1982)
The Effect of Intensive Plasma Water Exchange by Hemofiltration on Hemodynamics and Soluble Mediators in Canine Endotoxemia
Authors: RINALDO BELLOMO, JOHN A. KELLUM, CHANDRASHEKHAR R. GANDHI, MICHAEL R. PINSKY, Brian Ondulik
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

High volume hemofiltration (HVHF) (200 ml/kg/h) improves hemodynamics in experimental septic shock but is difficult to apply clinically. Accordingly, we studied whether less intensive HVHF (80 ml/kg/h) can still improve hemodynamics in experimental septic shock. We also investigated its effect on the serum concentrations of several inflammatory mediators, including endothelin (ET-1), endotoxin (LPS), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), and 6-keto prostaglandin F1 α (6-kepto PGF1 α). Sixteen anesthetized dogs were connected to a continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) (filtration: 80 ml/kg/h) or sham circuit and endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg) was infused intravenously over 5 min. Hemodynamic variables were measured at baseline and at 15, 45, 90, and 180 min. The major hemodynamic finding was that endotoxin-induced hypotension was significantly attenuated by intensive CVVH (p < 0.04). Changes in cardiac output and right ventricular ejection fraction were equal in both groups. ET-1 levels, but not LPS, TNF- α , or 6-keto PGF1 α, were lower during CVVH (p = 0.042). Endotoxin or TNF- α were not found in the ultrafiltrate. Median clearances of ET-1 and 6-keto PGF1 α during intensive CVVH were 8.8 and 25.9 ml/m, respectively. We conclude that intensive CVVH attenuates the early component of endotoxin-induced hypotension and reduces serum concentrations of endothelin-1. The effect of CVVH on blood pressure is not explained by convective clearance of the mediators in question.
NPY and MC4R Signaling Regulate Thyroid Hormone Levels during Fasting through Both Central and Peripheral Pathways
Authors: Kristen R. Vella, Preeti Ramadoss, Francis S. Lam, Jamie C. Harris, Felix D. Ye, Paul D. Same, Nicholas F. O'Neill, Eleftheria Maratos-Flier, Anthony N. Hollenberg
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Measurement of Digoxin in Plasma and its use in Diagnosis of Digoxin Intoxication
Authors: D. G. Grahame-Smith, M. S. Everest
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A method for measuring the plasma-digoxin concentration uses the measurement of its inhibitory effect on (86)Rb uptake by human red cells in vitro. Patients receiving digoxin in whom there was no clinical evidence of digoxin intoxication had plasma digoxin concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 4.5 mmug./ml. Patients presenting with convincing clinical evidence of digoxin intoxication had plasma digoxin concentrations ranging from 4 to greater than 8 mmug./ml. It is suggested that the plasma digoxin concentration may be used as an aid in the diagnosis of digoxin intoxication.
Final push is needed to tackle last 1% of polio
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The global campaign to stop polio transmission by the end of 2012 needs one last push, an independent report concludes.

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was set up in 1988 by the World Health Organization, Unicef, Rotary International and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention in partnership with governments and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. In November 2010 the World Health Assembly convened an Independent Monitoring Board to analyse progress towards the goal of the eradication of polio.

The board’s report says between 1988 and 2000 there was a 99% reduction in worldwide cases of polio; however this has been followed by a decade of stalemate despite spending of over $800m (£496m; €563m) every year.

Liam Donaldson, former chief medical officer for …
Antibiotics for spontaneous preterm birth
Authors: A. H Shennan, M. Chandiramani
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Can cause harm, so should be used only after careful consideration

The incidence of preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation) is rising. Preterm birth currently occurs in 7.6% of live births in England and Wales and 12.5% of births in the United States, where the annual cost exceeds $26.2bn (£17.5bn; €20bn).1 Up to three quarters of these births have a spontaneous onset. Evidence that labour is associated with an inflammatory process is increasing.2

Very preterm birth (<32 weeks) is commonly associated with infection3; micro-organisms usually gain access to the sterile uterine cavity by ascending from the vagina. Other routes include haematogenous spread, iatrogenic introduction, and retrograde spread through the fallopian tubes. The risk of preterm birth is higher with pyelonephritis and bacterial vaginosis. Intrauterine activation of prostaglandins and phospholipase A2 by micro-organisms may cause contractions or preterm rupture of the membranes.4 Infection can also cause neurological damage and cerebral palsy.3

It would seem logical to use antibiotics to tackle this insult and thereby reduce preterm birth and improve outcome. Their benefit is not always clear, however, and evidence of adverse effects is increasing. Follow-up of participants in the ORACLE II …
Synthetic Affibody Molecules: A Novel Class of Affinity Ligands for Molecular Imaging of HER2-Expressing Malignant Tumors
Authors: Anna Orlova, Vladimir Tolmachev, Rikard Pehrson, Malin Lindborg, Thuy Tran, Mattias Sandström, Fredrik Y. Nilsson, Anders Wennborg, Lars Abrahmsén, Joachim Feldwisch
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The Affibody molecule ZHER2:342-pep2, site-specifically and homogeneously conjugated with a 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacylododecane-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator, was produced in a single chemical process by peptide synthesis. DOTA-ZHER2:342-pep2 folds spontaneously and binds HER2 with 65 pmol/L affinity. Efficient radiolabeling with &amp;gt;95% incorporation of 111In was achieved within 30 min at low (room temperature) and high temperatures (up to 90°C). Tumor uptake of 111In-DOTA-ZHER2:342-pep2 was specific for HER2-positive xenografts. A high tumor uptake of 23% injected activity per gram tissue, a tumor-to-blood ratio of &amp;gt;7.5, and high-contrast gamma camera images were obtained already 1 h after injection. Pretreatment with Herceptin did not interfere with tumor targeting, whereas degradation of HER2 using the heat shock protein 90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-geldanamycin before administration of 111In-DOTA-ZHER2:342-pep2 obliterated the tumor image. The present results show that radiolabeled synthetic DOTA-ZHER2:342-pep2 has the potential to become a clinically useful radiopharmaceutical for in vivo molecular imaging of HER2-expressing carcinomas. [Cancer Res 2007;67(5):2178–86]
Do Physicians Need a “Shopping Cart” for Health Care Services?
Authors: Robert H. Brook
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexistence of primary myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: treatment of two different diseases with one agent
Authors: S Burgstaller, S Wimmer, B Mayrbaeurl, W Hoebling, J Thaler
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2011)

Coexistence of primary myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: treatment of two different diseases with one agent
A New Era of Podocyte-Targeted Therapy for Proteinuric Kidney Disease
Authors: Börje Haraldsson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, which heralds end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the need for dialysis or transplantation, is a major and rapidly increasing socioeconomic burden worldwide. In 2011, approximately 113,000 patients began dialysis therapy in the United States.1 At the end of 2011, approximately 430,000 Americans were on dialysis and another 186,000 had functioning kidney transplants, which brought the total number of patients with ESRD in the United States to 616,000.1 Glomerular disease is the most common cause of ESRD, accounting for almost two thirds of cases. In recent years, a complex and fascinating world of molecular mechanisms that . . .