tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Responses to second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors are durable: an intention-to-treat analysis in chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Dragana Milojkovic, Jane F. Apperley, Gareth Gerrard, Amr R. Ibrahim, Richard Szydlo, Marco Bua, Alistair Reid, Katayoun Rezvani, Letizia Foroni, John Goldman, David Marin
Journal: Blood (2011)
A Single-Center, Double Masked, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Multiple Doses of 10 mg Montelukast Sodium (Singulair®) on the Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Conjunctivitis Using the Conjunctival Allergen Challenge (CAC) Model
Authors: P.J. Gomes, M.B. Abelson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis alterations contribute to disturbed protein metabolism in cirrhosis patients after hepatectomy
Authors: Tsuyoshi Inaba, Hideaki Saito, Tomomi Inoue, Ilsoo Han, Satoshi Furukawa, Takeaki Matsuda, Shigeo Ikeda, Tetsuichiro Muto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Frequencies of HCV-specific effector CD4+ T cells by flow cytometry: Correlation with clinical disease stages
Authors: Hugo R. Rosen, Camette Miner, Anna W. Sasaki, David M. Lewinsohn, Andrew J. Conrad, Antony Bakke, Archie H.G. Bouwer, David J. Hinrichs
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis, affecting approximately 2% of the world' population. The immune mechanisms responsible for the highly variable natural history in a given individual are unknown. We used a multiparameter flow cytometric technique to functionally and phenotypically characterize HCV-specific effector T cells in the peripheral blood of 32 individuals with different stages of hepatitis C disease (resolved, mild chronic, advanced chronic) and normal controls. We found the highest frequencies of virus-specific effector cells with an activated memory phenotype (CD45RO+CD69+) in subjects who had resolved HCV infection, either spontaneously or with antiviral therapy. Effector cells from patients with resolved infection produced Th1 type cytokines following stimulation with nonstructural antigens (NS3 and NS4), whereas effector cells from chronically infected patients produced Th1 type cytokines predominantly following stimulation with the HCV core antigen. Stimulation with superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin (SEB) induced the same levels of cytokine production in the different patient groups. Among the HCV-seropositive patients, viral load inversely correlated with the Th1 effector cell response to NS3. Interleukin (IL)-4 was produced only in response to the control antigens, but not in response to the HCV recombinant proteins. Taken together, these findings suggest that a vigorous HCV-specific CD4+ Th1 response, particularly against the nonstructural proteins of the virus, may be associated with viral clearance and protection from disease progression. Prospective studies using this new flow cytometric assay will be required to determine whether antiviral therapy modifies the frequency, specificity, and function of these virus-specific effector cells.
PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY VOLVULUS OF THE SIGMOID FLEXURE, CAUSING INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: M. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1919)

PRUGNANCY, COMPIICATED BDY VOLVULUSS resembling severe measles,.with areas of fully developed urticaria-tetweeu.the.nactales;-The.backs of the wrists.and hands were a.mass:of large disorete..papules.The papuleson the ] scaI 1) were al-read y pustu lar.'rlTe rest of the skina of the body was covere(d withi an inteuse erythematous ra.h, scarlatiniforni in character but of a darker red colour; scdttered over.the.-back and legs were.islands of unffected.skin,thuisdiffering ;from thie uni forim blush of a true scarlatins-.. Theears wvere very swollen with iafl.tmmatoryoelema, anud bathe; witlh a profuee watery exu4ationi which hung, otn ta the lobes., and.heticees in large dirops.The conjuuotivae were iDjectedi lacry- matiou an(d potophobia being ver-y distressiug, T1e.fauices were congesed.. ThEere was a very markedAigeeraL adenitis, the axillary glsals.being -as large-&a pi&on's eggs and very tender.A., modlerate amounit of albumin was-preset -in the urine.
Sequences specific for enterovirus detected in spinal cord from patients with motor neurone disease
Authors: C J Woodall, M H Riding, D I Graham, G B Clements
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To investigate the association of enteroviruses with motor neurone disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Analysis by enterovirus polymerase chain reaction of wax embedded material from spinal cords taken at necropsy from subjects with motor neurone disease and from age and sex matched controls.Specimens were collected in the west of Scotland and in London between 1982 and 1992.Sequences specific for a non-poliovirus type enterovirus were detected in spinal cord tissue from subjects with motor neurone disease. Amplification of a 414 base RNA target sequence in the conserved enterovirus 5' untranslated region from wax embedded tissue sections was successful in tissue from eight of 11 cases of sporadic motor neurone disease, one of two cases of familial motor neurone disease, and the one case of poliomyelitis, but not in the six matched controls or one case of antecedent poliomyelitis. In addition, sequences were detected in spinal cords from one monkey infected with wild type poliovirus and one monkey infected with polio vaccine. Comparison of sequences from cases of motor neurone disease with sequences of corresponding regions of the 5' untranslated regions of known picornaviruses showed them to be tightly grouped within the enterovirus genus closely related to coxsackievirus type B but not to polioviruses. Sequences derived from different parts of the spinal cord of the same subjects were identical, but sequences differed between individual subjects.Conserved enteroviral sequences closely related to coxsackie B virus sequences were detectable in spinal cords from subjects with sporadic motor neurone disease and from one subject with possible familial motor neurone disease.
Neoalveolarisation contributes to compensatory lung growth following pneumonectomy in mice
Authors: H. Fehrenbach, R. Voswinckel, V. Michl, T. Mehling, A. Fehrenbach, W. Seeger, J. R. Nyengaard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Regeneration of the gas exchange area by induction of neoalveolarisation would greatly improve therapeutic options in destructive pulmonary diseases. Unilateral pneumonectomy is an established model to remove defined portions of gas exchange area and study mechanisms of compensatory lung growth. The question of whether new alveoli are added to the residual lung after pneumonectomy in mice was addressed. Left-sided pneumonectomy was performed in 11 adult C57BL/6 mice. Alveolar numbers were analysed in lungs fixed at days 6 and 20 after pneumonectomy and in 10 age-matched controls using design-based stereology based on a physical fractionator. Post-fixation lung volume was determined by fluid displacement. Complete restoration of lung volume was observed 20 days after pneumonectomy. Alveolar numbers were significantly increased by 33% in residual right lungs at day 20 in comparison with control right lungs. In control left lungs, an average of 471+/-162 x 10(3) alveoli was estimated, 49% of which were regenerated by residual lungs at day 20. Of the newly formed alveoli seen at day 20, 74% were already present at day 6. The present data demonstrate that, in addition to growth in size of existing alveoli, neoalveolarisation contributes to restoration of the gas exchange area in adult mice and is induced early after pneumonectomy.
The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths
Authors: Y. Guo, S. Li, Z. Tian, X. Pan, J. Zhang, G. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objectives</b> To better understand the burden of air pollution on deaths, we examined the effects of air pollutants on years of life lost (YLL) in Beijing, China. <b>Design</b> Retrospective regression analysis using daily time series. <b>Setting</b> 8 urban districts in Beijing, China. <b>Participants</b> 80 515 deaths (48 802 male, 31 713 female) recorded by the Beijing death classification system during 2004-08. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Associations between daily YLL and ambient air pollutants (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter &lt;2.5 µm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub>), after adjusting for long term trends, seasonality, day of the week, and weather conditions. We also examined mortality risk related to air pollutants. <b>Results</b> Mean concentrations of daily PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> were 105.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, 144.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, 48.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, and 64.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. All air pollutants had significant effects on years of life lost when we used single pollutant models. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> was related to YLL increases of 15.8, 15.8, 16.2, and 15.1 years, respectively. The effects of air pollutants on YLL appeared acutely and lasted for two days (lag 0-1); these effects associated with an IQR increase in PM<sub>2.5 </sub>were greater in women than men (11.1 (95% confidence interval 4.7 to 17.5) <i>v</i> 4.7 (−2.9 to 12.3) YLL) and in people aged up to 65 years than those older than 65 years (12.0 (2.9 to 21) <i>v</i> 3.8 (−0.9 to 8.6) YLL). The mortality risk associated with an IQR increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub> was greater for people older than 65 years (2.5% (95% confidence interval 0.6% to 4.5%) increase of mortality) than those aged up to 65 years (0.7% (−0.8% to 2.2%)). <b>Conclusions</b> YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the effect of air pollutants on mortality. Increased YLL are associated with increased air pollution. This study highlights the need to reduce air pollution in Beijing, China, to protect the health of the population.
Extraosseous Bone Tracer Accumulation of the Liver on 99mTc-HDP Bone Scintigraphy in Intermittent Bleeding After Iatrogenic Liver Injury
Authors: Sung Hoon Kim, Seok Kil Zeon, Byung Wook Choi, Il Jo, Hae Won Kim, Kyoung Sook Won, Su Jin Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 69-year-old man with common bile duct cancer and deep jaundice had complained of abdominal pain after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. The laboratory workup showed reduction of serum hemoglobin level after the procedure. A 99mTc-hydroxy diphosphonate bone scan was performed for further evaluation of common bile duct cancer, and there was no abnormality of the skeletal structures. However, diffuse and hazy increased radiotracer uptake was detected on the liver. Follow-up contrast-enhanced 99mCT revealed hematoma and subcapsular hemorrhage of the liver.
Is There an Effective Treatment for Neurally Mediated Syncope?
Authors: Wishwa N. Kapoor
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Liquid Preparation of Potassium Chloride
Authors: Louis J. Kettel
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Boley and coworkers (<b>199</b>:215, 1967) state that potassium citrate and potassium gluconate in slow-release-form tablets appear to be safe for oral administration. Safety of administration is not a measure of effectiveness of a drug. The Committee on Therapeutic Agents at the Veterans Administration Research Hospital has, on numerous instances, discussed the topic of small-bowel ulceration resulting from oral administration of enteric-coated and other tablet forms of potassium chloride, which produce high local concentrations. While potassium salts, other than the chlorides, such as potassium gluconate and effervescent potassium salts, may appear to offer a greater margin of safety, it is the opinion of the committee that potassium without chloride ion has a very limited value in replacement therapy, and may in fact present a potential hazard. Patients with severe cardiac failure who are being treated with salt restriction and thiazides may possibly utilize the chloride-free preparation. Alkalosis
Cell Therapy Attenuates Deleterious Ventricular Remodeling and Improves Cardiac Performance After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mohit Jain, Harout DerSimonian, Daniel A. Brenner, Soeun Ngoy, Paige Teller, Albert S. B. Edge, Agatha Zawadzka, Kristie Wetzel, Douglas B. Sawyer, Wilson S. Colucci, Carl S. Apstein, Ronglih Liao
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Myocardial infarction (MI) promotes deleterious remodeling of the myocardium, resulting in ventricular dilation and pump dysfunction. We examined whether supplementing infarcted myocardium with skeletal myoblasts would (1) result in viable myoblast implants, (2) attenuate deleterious remodeling, and (3) enhance in vivo and ex vivo contractile performance. Methods and Results —Experimental MI was induced by 1-hour coronary ligation followed by reperfusion in adult male Lewis rats. One week after MI, 10 6 myoblasts were injected directly into the infarct region. Three groups of animals were studied at 3 and 6 weeks after cell therapy: noninfarcted control (control), MI plus sham injection (MI), and MI plus cell injection (MI+cell). In vivo cardiac function was assessed by maximum exercise capacity testing and ex vivo function was determined by pressure-volume curves obtained from isolated, red cell–perfused, balloon–in–left ventricle (LV) hearts. MI and MI+cell hearts had indistinguishable infarct sizes of ≈30% of the LV. At 3 and 6 weeks after cell therapy, 92% (13 of 14) of MI+cell hearts showed evidence of myoblast graft survival. MI+cell hearts exhibited attenuation of global ventricular dilation and reduced septum–to–free wall diameter compared with MI hearts not receiving cell therapy. Furthermore, cell therapy improved both post-MI in vivo exercise capacity and ex vivo LV systolic pressures. Conclusions —Implanted skeletal myoblasts form viable grafts in infarcted myocardium, resulting in enhanced post-MI exercise capacity and contractile function and attenuated ventricular dilation. These data illustrate that syngeneic myoblast implantation after MI improves both in vivo and ex vivo indexes of global ventricular dysfunction and deleterious remodeling and suggests that cellular implantation may be beneficial after MI.
Aberrant TAL1 activation is mediated by an interchromosomal interaction in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: B Patel, Y Kang, K Cui, M Litt, M S J Riberio, C Deng, T Salz, S Casada, X Fu, Y Qiu, K Zhao, S Huang
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Genistein protects the kidney from cisplatin-induced injury
Authors: Mi Jeong Sung, Duk Hoon Kim, Yu Jin Jung, Kyung Pyo Kang, Ae Sin Lee, Sik Lee, Won Kim, Munkhtugs Davaatseren, Jin-Taek Hwang, Hyun-Jin Kim, Myung Sunny Kim, Dae Young Kwon, Sung Kwang Park
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Severe Hypoglycemia in Elderly Patients Receiving Therapeutic Doses of Tolbutamide
Authors: Pierce Gardner, Charles J. Goodner, J. Thomas Dowling
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Severe hypoglycemia occurred without warning in three elderly diabetic subjects while they were receiving moderate therapeutic doses of tolbutamide. The clinical picture of the condition mimicked cerebral vascular accident, thereby leading to diagnostic confusion. Severe hypoglycemia during tolbutamide therapy is apparently quite rare. Because of the large number of elderly people taking tolbutamide, in evaluating apparent cerebral vascular accidents in this group, a high index of suspicion of drug-induced hypoglycemia is recommended.
Diabetes and Lower-Limb Amputations in the Community: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Andrew D Morris, Ritchie McAlpine, Douglas Steinke, Douglas IR Boyle, Abdul-Rahim Ebrahim, Naveen Vasudev, Colin PU Stewart, Roland T Jung, Graham P Leese, Thomas M MacDonald, Ray W Newton
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE There are few U.K. data on the incidence rates of amputation in diabetic subjects compared with the nondiabetic population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a historical cohort study of first lower-extremity amputations based in Tayside, Scotland (population 364,880) from 1 January 1993 to 31 December 1994. The Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland (DARTS) database was used to identify a prevalence cohort of 7,079 diabetic patients on 1 January 1993. We estimated age-specific and standardized incidence rates of lower-limb amputations in the diabetic and nondiabetic cohorts. Results were compared with a previous study that evaluated lower-extremity amputations in diabetic patients in Tayside in 1980–1982. RESULTS There were 221 subjects who underwent a total of 258 nontraumatic amputations. Of the 221 subjects, 60 (27%) patients were diabetic (93% NIDDM), and 63% were first amputations. The median duration of diabetes was 6 years (range: newly diagnosed to 41 years). Nonhealing ulceration (31%) and gangrene (29%) were the two main indications for amputation in the diabetic subjects. Of the 161 nondiabetic subjects, 140 (80%) underwent first amputations. The adjusted incidences in the diabetic and nondiabetic groups were 248 and 20 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Tayside patients with diabetes thus had a 12.3-fold risk of an amputation compared with nondiabetic residents (95% Cl 8.6–17.5). The estimated proportion of diabetic patients in the population rose from 0.81% in 1980–1982 to 1.94% in 1993–1994, whereas the absolute rate of amputation in diabetic subjects was unchanged from that in 1980–1982. CONCLUSIONS These population-based U.K. amputation data are similar to amputation rates in the U.S. Amputation rates appear to have decreased significantly since 1980–1982. The impact of diabetes education and prevention programs that target the processes leading to amputation can now be evaluated.
A NEW PHIMOSIS CLAMP.
Authors: A. H. BOREY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The advantages claimed for this instrument are: With its use only a perfect circumcision can be performed; the glans penis is absolutely protected from injury, and the operation can be completed before removing the forceps. The instrument may be made considerably smaller than shown in the illustration, except that the button and clamp should correspond to the size of the glans penis. It consists of six parts: 1, The handle; 2, a concave button; 3 and 4, clamps; 5, a clamp ring, and, 6, a clamp holder. The button screws on the handle and may be replaced by a larger or smaller one to suit the occasion. The clamps are so hinged that they also may be removed by closing them and sliding the clamp ring off. The circular parts of the clamps are about one-sixteenth inch larger in diameter than the button. The button has concave depressions opposite the
Progression of pulmonary disease after disappearance of Pseudomonas in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: G D Sharma, M F Tosi, R C Stern, P B Davis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Once cystic fibrosis (CF) patients become chronically colonized, eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is rare. We report five patients, each colonized for at least 6 yr, whose subsequent cultures did not reveal PA or any other gram-negative pathogen for at least 2 yr. Two patients harbored yeast, normal throat flora, and occasional colonies of Aspergillus fumigatus, but no PA, Haemophilus influenzae, or other gram-negative pathogens. In two patients, sputum cultures revealed Staphylococcus aureus. Sputum smear showed no gram-negative organisms in any patient. Antipseudomonal antibody titers in all patients decreased during the noncolonized period. However, titers increased in four other CF patients who had continued PA colonization. Despite disappearance of PA, four of five patients had clinical progression of lung disease with deterioration of FEV1. We conclude that (1) PA, even after it has chronically colonized the airways of CF patients, can occasionally disappear; and (2) lung disease can progress despite the disappearance of PA. Thus, the elimination of a milieu favorable to PA, such as might be anticipated with therapy directed at the basic defect, may not be sufficient to halt the pulmonary disease progression in CF.
People with severe mental health conditions in poor nations need better treatment, says WHO
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

People with severe mental health conditions are among the most marginalised groups in developing countries, and 75-85% of them can’t get any form of mental health treatment and care, says a World Health Organization report.

In rich nations the proportion of people with severe mental health conditions who don’t receive the treatment they need is between 35% and 50%, it says.

Margaret Chan, WHO’s director general, said, “Almost three quarters of the global burden of neuropsychiatric disorders occurs in low and middle income countries. We can measure the costs to individuals, families, societies, and economies. And the costs of these disorders . . . are enormous.”

But in many countries mental health issues “have been omitted from national development strategies,” the report …
Nature and Duration of Growth Factor Signaling through Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Regulates HSV-1 Latency in Neurons
Authors: Vladimir Camarena, Mariko Kobayashi, Ju Youn Kim, Pamela Roehm, Rosalia Perez, James Gardner, Angus C. Wilson, Ian Mohr, Moses V. Chao
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
Chronic Nonspecific Duodenitis (Bulbitis)
Authors: A. Fontan, M. Rapaport, D. Celener, E. Piskorz, C. Peralta, H. Rubio
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

"Bulbitis" was classified by fiberoptic endoscopy in: superficial, erosive and pseudopolypoid. Endoscopic diagnosis of "bulbitis" is reliable, as good agreement was obtained in 100 cases tabulated according to histological grading. Erosive "bulbitis" implies a severe histopathological compromise.
Clinical Evaluation of Endoscopic Trimodal Imaging for the Detection and Differentiation of Colonic Polyps
Authors: Frank J.C. van den Broek, Paul Fockens, Susanne van Eeden, Mohammed A. Kara, James C.H. Hardwick, Johannes B. Reitsma, Evelien Dekker
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)