tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Obstructive sleep apnea as a cause of systemic hypertension. Evidence from a canine model.
Authors: D Brooks, R L Horner, L F Kozar, C L Render-Teixeira, E A Phillipson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Several epidemiological studies have identified obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as a risk factor for systemic hypertension, but a direct etiologic link between the two disorders has not been established definitively. Furthermore, the specific physiological mechanisms underlying the association between OSA and systemic hypertension have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the effects of OSA on daytime and nighttime blood pressure (BP). We induced OSA in four dogs by intermittent airway occlusion during nocturnal sleep. Daytime and nighttime BP were measured before, during, and after a 1-3-mo long period of OSA. OSA resulted in acute transient increases in nighttime BP to a maximum of 13.0+/-2.0 mmHg (mean+/-SEM), and eventually produced sustained daytime hypertension to a maximum of 15.7+/-4.3 mmHg. In a subsequent protocol, recurrent arousal from sleep without airway occlusion did not result in daytime hypertension. The demonstration that OSA can lead to the development of sustained hypertension has considerable importance, given the high prevalence of both disorders in the population.
Inhaled steroids are associated with reduced lung function decline in subjects with asthma with elevated total IgE
Authors: Roberto de Marco, Alessandro Marcon, Deborah Jarvis, Simone Accordini, Massimiliano Bugiani, Lucia Cazzoletti, Isa Cerveri, Angelo Corsico, David Gislason, Amund Gulsvik, Rain Jõgi, Jesús Martínez-Moratalla, Isabelle Pin, Christer Janson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
The cerebellum and timing: Lessons from mormyrids
Authors: J. Meek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Mormyrid teleosts have Purkinje cells with palisade dendrites, which probably represent coincidence detectors of parallel fiber activity. Their existence strongly supports the ideas of Braitenberg et al. on cerebellar function. However, the organization of mormyrid granule cells and parallel fibers suggests that a key to cerebellar function is not in interactions within one wave, but between two opposite tidal waves.
High mean platelet volume after myocardial infarction
Authors: R. Sewell, R M Ibbotson, R. Phillips, P. Carson
Journal: BMJ (1985)

retrospective study and a graph of symphysisfundus height was not used.Dr Neilson and colleagues admit that mothers who may have been referred before 34 weeks with suspected intrauterine growth retardation were not included in their study and report that of six babies with intrauterine growth retardation who died three died before 34 weeks.Gentz et al have pointed out that in a Swedish study nearly half the stillbirths occurred before admission and 80O, of these fetuses died before the onset of labour.Yet use of the symphysis-fundus graph in their hands can detect intrauterine growth retardation as early as 28 weeks (16 000 deliveries).No serious student of intrauterine growth retardation can afford to neglect reading Westin's account of his work.Symphysis-fundus graphs are simple to use and indicate in a much more specific way in each patient when to refer for an ultrasound check.This is much better than an expensive, time consuming routine test which may be done too late.
Subcutaneous changes in dermatomyositis
Authors: T. FUSADE, P. BELANYI, P. JOLY, E. THOMINE, M.F. MIHOUT, PH. LAURET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Subcutaneous changes in dermatomyositis Get access T. FUSADE, T. FUSADE Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Dr T. Fusade, Depertment of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, 1 rue de Germont, F 76031 Rouen, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. BELANYI, P. BELANYI Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. JOLY, P. JOLY Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. THOMINE, E. THOMINE Laboratory of Pathology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.F. MIHOUT, M.F. MIHOUT Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PH. LAURET PH. LAURET Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Reuen, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 4, 1 April 1993, Pages 451–453, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00209.x Published: 01 April 1993 Article history Accepted: 31 October 1992 Published: 01 April 1993
New technique for construction of tissue heart valves.
Authors: C Manothaya, S Vattanapat, C Somabutr
Journal: Thorax (1980)

A new technique for the construction of frame-supported tissue heart valves made of dura mater is presented. Three symmetrical pieces of pentagon-shaped tissue are used instead of the conventional quadrangular shape. A symmetrical trileaflet valve with adequate coaptation and less spherical formation of the cusps is obtained. The design characteristics suggest that regurgitation through the valve will be prevented, there will be less resistance to flow, and less strain on the leaflets during closure. This technique has been applied clinically in 37 patients with very satisfactory early results. A longer follow-up of the patients is necessary for comparison of the results with other techniques of construction.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of elacytarabine, a novel 5′-elaidic acid derivative of cytarabine, in adults with refractory hematological malignancies
Authors: F J Giles, N Vey, D Rizzieri, F Ravandi, T Prebet, G Borthakur, T F Jacobsen, S Hagen, B Nilsson, S O'Brien
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Health Professions and the State in Europe
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Ed Terry Johnson, Gerry Larkin, Mike Saks Routledge, pounds sterling13.99, pp 237 ISBN 0 415 10631 1

There is an imbalance of power in all relationships. The challenge is to minimise it and ensure that both parties benefit. Health Professions and the State in Europe charts the changing relationship between the state and the medical professions over the past few decades and discusses where the current balance lies, both in the United Kingdom and other countries in Europe. Unsurprisingly, it is not a reassuring read.

The need to contain health care costs has driven all governments in Europe to implement reforms that have put shackles, …
Identification of heat shock protein 32 (Hsp32) as a novel survival factor and therapeutic target in neoplastic mast cells
Authors: Rudin Kondo, Karoline V. Gleixner, Matthias Mayerhofer, Anja Vales, Alexander Gruze, Puchit Samorapoompichit, Khaled Greish, Maria-Theresa Krauth, Karl J. Aichberger, Winfried F. Pickl, Harald Esterbauer, Christian Sillaber, Hiroshi Maeda, Peter Valent
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 1713: Mechanisms of resistance to platinum based drugs uncovered by protection caused by substituted coumarins
Authors: Karen A. Nolan, Katherine A. Scott, Gareth Griffiths, Ian J. Stratford
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Disruption of p53 can have a profound effect on cellular sensitivity to Platinum-based drugs. Inhibition of NQO1 by dicoumarol and other substituted coumarins can target p53 for degradation. Thus, we tested the ability of NQO1 inhibitors to protect HCT116 cells (containing wild type p53) against the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin. All the NQO1 inhibitors protect cells against the damaging effects of cisplatin (see the table for representative data for one of the inhibitors, AS3). Protection was also seen in a second cell line with wild type p53 (RT112 bladder carcinoma cells). To confirm p53 dependence, experiments were carried out using cells with mutant (MDA231) or null (HCT116 -/-) p53. Surprisingly, the coumarin-based agents also protected these cells against cisplatin-induced damage. In addition, these observations were not dependent on NQO1, since MDA231 cells, with negligible NQO1, and cells overexpressing NQO1 (MDA321-DTD) were similarly protected. Protection is also observed for oxaliplatin but, interestingly, there is no protection against etoposide toxicity. Cell cycle analysis of HCT116 cells treated with cisplatin show that, 24 hours after treatment, cells are blocked in G2. When cells are given the dicoumarol analogues at the same time as the cisplatin, no cell cycle delay is observed. Further, analysis of apoptosis mediators shows that treatment with AS3 inhibits oxaliplatin induction of Bak and reduces caspase-3 activity. Understanding the mechanism by which treatment with the dicoumarol analogues can cause resistance to cisplatin could reveal new methods for potentially overcoming resistance to platinum-based drugs in the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1713. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1713
Distinctive expression of filaggrin and trichohyalin during various pathways of epithelial differentiation
Authors: A. ISHIDA-YAMAMOTO, Y. HASHIMOTO, M. MANABE, W.M. O'GUIN, B.A. DALE, H. HZUKA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Filaggrin and trichohyalin are keratin intermediate filament-associated proteins, and are primarily expressed in the granular cells of the epidermis and in the inner root sheath cells of the hair follicles, respectively. These two proteins are, however, occasionally co-expressed in some tissues. To gain more insights into the mechanisms for expression and processing of (pro)filaggrin and trichohyalin during various pathways of epithelial differentiation, we compared their localization by double immunostaining techniques in normal and psoriatic epidermis, tongue filiform papillae and cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. In normal foreskin, trichohyalin immunoreactive cells were observed only occasionally and, when present, they always co-expressed filaggrin. Trichohyalin expression occurred, however, in filaggrin-negative cells as well as in filaggrin-positive cells in the psoriatic epidermis, tongue papillae and cultured keratinocytes. Filaggrin and trichohyalin were induced independently at different times following calcium shift in cultured keratinocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated the distinct intracellular distribution of filaggrin and trichohyalin. Some filaggrin granules were observed in the cells where trichohyalin was diffusely distributed. Likewise some trichohyalin granules were found in the cells with diffuse filaggrin labelling. These results suggest the existence of distinct expression/processing mechanisms of filaggrin and trichohyalin in differentiating keratinocytes.
Characterization of two F4/80-positive Kupffer cell subsets by their function and phenotype in mice
Authors: Manabu Kinoshita, Takefumi Uchida, Atsushi Sato, Masahiro Nakashima, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Satoshi Shono, Yoshiko Habu, Hiromi Miyazaki, Sadayuki Hiroi, Shuhji Seki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Do metamers matter?
Authors: Martin Hahn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract Metamerism is a rather common feature of objects. The authors see it as problematic because they are concerned with a special case: metamerism in standard conditions. Such metamerism does not, however, pose a problem for color realists. There is an apparent problem in cases of metameric light sources, but to see such metamers as problematic is to fail to answer Berkeley's challenge.
Case 51-1984
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Edwin P. Maynard, Jose Jessurun
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Presentation of CaseA 45-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a question of carcinoma of the pancreas.He was well until three weeks earlier, when he began to experience intermittent epigastric pain, which became constant and was accompanied by anorexia and retching. The pain did not radiate to the back and was not relieved by sitting up. He entered another hospital, where x-ray films of the chest and abdomen, an intravenous urographic study, and a barium-enema examination with air contrast were reported to be negative. Gastroscopic examination revealed only mild gastritis. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of . . .
Don't weaken the role of Monitor, spokesman for private and charity providers says
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Objectives</h3> This systematic review aimed to describe medication non-adherence among people living with multimorbidity according to the current literature, and synthesise predictors of non-adherence in this population. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched for relevant articles published in English language between January 2009 and April 2019. Quantitative studies reporting medication non-adherence and/or predictors of non-adherence among people with two or more chronic conditions were included in the review. A meta-analysis was conducted with a subgroup of studies that used an inclusive definition of multimorbidity to recruit participants, rather than seeking people with specific conditions. Remaining studies reporting prevalence and predictors of non-adherence were narratively synthesised. <h3>Results</h3> The database search produced 10 998 records and a further 75 were identified through other sources. Following full-text screening, 178 studies were included in the review. The range of reported non-adherence differed by measurement method, at 76.5% for self-report, 69.4% for pharmacy data, and 44.1% for electronic monitoring. A meta-analysis was conducted with eight studies (<i>n</i>=8949) that used an inclusive definition of multimorbidity to recruit participants. The pooled prevalence of non-adherence was 42.6% (95% CI: 34.0 - 51.3%, <i>k</i>=8, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup>=97%, <i>p</i>&lt;0.01). The overall range of non-adherence was 7.0%–83.5%. Frequently reported correlates of non-adherence included previous non-adherence and treatment-related beliefs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The review identified a heterogeneous literature in terms of conditions studied, and definitions and measures of non-adherence used. Results suggest that future attempts to improve adherence among people with multimorbidity should determine for which conditions individuals require most support. The variable levels of medication non-adherence highlight the need for more attention to be paid by healthcare providers to the impact of multimorbidity on chronic disease self-management. <h3>PROSPERO registration number</h3> CRD42019133849.
Ulceration after Esophageal and Gastric Variceal Sclerotherapy - Influence of Sucralfate and Other Factors on Healing
Authors: A. K. Singal, S. K. Sarin, S. P. Misra, S. L. Broor
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

Forty-five consecutive patients underwent sclerotherapy with absolute alcohol. Post-sclerotherapy ulcers were detected in all of them (100%) on the following day. In order to evaluate its influence on ulcer healing, 20 patients were given sucralfate (1 g QID before meals), while 25 patients received identical-looking placebo, in a double-blind randomised manner. Endoscopy done at weekly intervals revealed healing of ulcers in 25%, 55%, 95% and 100% in the sucralfate, and 24%, 40%, 72% and 84% in the placebo group at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. Differences between the two groups were not significant. Gastric variceal ulcers healed better with sucralfate (7 out of 7) than placebo (0 out of 2). Healing was influenced by the size of the ulcer. At two weeks, 63% of ulcers less than 1 cm, 43% of ulcers 1-2 cm, and only 16.6% of ulcers greater than 2 cm had healed. The size of the ulcer also correlated with the amount of the sclerosant injected. Our results show that (a) mucosal ulcers universally develop after adequate sclerotherapy, (b) most ulcers heal spontaneously, (c) sucralfate does not hasten ulcer healing, with the exception of gastric variceal ulcers, (d) a larger amount of sclerosant produces larger ulcers that take longer to heal.
FOG-1 represses GATA-1-dependent FcϵRI β-chain transcription: transcriptional mechanism of mast-cell-specific gene expression in mice
Authors: Keiko Maeda, Chiharu Nishiyama, Tomoko Tokura, Hiroyasu Nakano, Shunsuke Kanada, Makoto Nishiyama, Ko Okumura, Hideoki Ogawa
Journal: Blood (2006)
Medical research and the funding of the MRC
Authors: A. Buller, J L Gowans
Journal: BMJ (1981)

It is a pity that your editorial made no reference whatsoever to detoxification centres, granted that there have been problems in their establishment.The Edinburgh project found that a detoxification and assessment centre can successfully relieve the penal system of care of alcoholics who had committed victimless offences and can provide an entry into treat- ment provided that there are back-up resources from psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitative hostels.
Vasodilator Therapy of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jay N. Cohn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Recent interest in pharmacologic interventions to alter the course of acute myocardial infarction has led to the consideration of arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance as factors controlling left ventricular function. In the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, the circulatory pattern of extensive transmural acute myocardial infarction is characterized by increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, reduced stroke volume and normal or even elevated arterial pressure.1 Maintenance of the arterial pressure in the face of a reduction in cardiac output implies an increase in peripheral resistance that may, in part, represent the vascular consequence of activation of the . . .
More polio workers are killed in Pakistan
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Seven more aid workers have been shot and killed in Pakistan, just two weeks after the murder of six people working on polio vaccination programmes in the country.1

The workers, six of whom were women, were killed on New Year’s Day near a community centre in the Swabi district in the north west of Pakistan. It is believed that the seven, of whom two were health workers and the rest teachers, were targeted because the community centre where they were working provided polio vaccinations. They might also have been targeted because the centre was educating girls.

The workers were ambushed in their car as they returned to the centre, run by a non-governmental organisation called Support with Working Solutions. The driver was shot but not killed.

Javed Akhtar, …
Effect of HMGcoA Reductase Inhibitors on Stroke
Authors: Heiner C. Bucher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death in the industrialized world, and hypercholesterolemia may be a risk factor for stroke. Objective: To determine whether reducing cholesterol levels with HMGcoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors or other antilipidemic interventions reduces risk for nonfatal and fatal stroke. Data Sources: A systematic search in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases of the English-language and non-English-language literature published from 1966 through October 1996. Study Selection: All randomized, controlled trials of any cholesterol-lowering intervention that reported data on nonfatal and fatal strokes, on death from coronary heart disease, and on overall mortality were included. Whether treatment effects differed according to the type of cholesterol-lowering intervention used was investigated. Data Extraction: Trials were reviewed for methods, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and outcomes. Data Synthesis: 28 trials (for a total of 49 477 study participants in the intervention group and 56 636 participants in the control group) were included. The risk ratio for nonfatal and fatal stroke with HMGcoA reductase inhibitors was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.92; test of heterogeneity, P > 0.2). The risk ratios for nonfatal and fatal stroke with fibrates, resins, and dietary interventions were all close to 1.0, and the difference between the HMGcoA reductase inhibitor effect and the pooled estimate for all other interventions would, under the null hypothesis, be unlikely to occur by chance (P = 0.01). Trials with HMGcoA reductase inhibitors also showed reductions in rates of death from coronary heart disease and overall mortality. Conclusion: This meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials suggests that in hyperlipidemic patients who have not previously had stroke, HMGcoA reductase inhibitors reduce the incidence of stroke.
Mutation in Rpa1 results in defective DNA double-strand break repair, chromosomal instability and cancer in mice
Authors: Yuxun Wang, Christopher D Putnam, Michael F Kane, Weijia Zhang, Lisa Edelmann, Robert Russell, Danaise V Carrión, Lynda Chin, Raju Kucherlapati, Richard D Kolodner, Winfried Edelmann
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
A Hypertensive Syndrome with Relative Adrenal Cortical Overactivity
Authors: DEAN F. DAVIES, HELEN E. CLARK
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The authors have used the concentration of salt in sweat as an objective test to demonstrate the existence of a group of hypertensive patients with clinical signs of hyperadrenocortical function. The significantly lower concentration of salt in the sweat of patients with this endocrine hypertensive syndrome distinguishes them from other hypertensive patients who show no significant difference from normal. That this difference reflects an adrenal pathway is further suggested by Conn's demonstration that hypoadrenal activity is associated with high concentrations, and hyperadrenal function with low concentrations of salt in sweat.
Questions about the Value of Early Intervention
Authors: H. Gilbert Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Imagine you are watching a sunset with friends in the early 16th century. Imagine the difficulty you have in challenging their conclusion that the sun revolves around the earth because it does not fit with your latest observations of planetary motion. Which would your friends reject more easily — your observations, or the established view that the earth is the center of the universe? You now have a sense of the difficulty of changing a fundamental doctrine of 20th-century medicine — the idea that early intervention is always the right thing to do.In this issue of the Journal, investigators . . .