tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Two consecutive phase II studies of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) for treatment of patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma who were resistant to previous treatment with fluoropyrimidines
Authors: D. Machover, E. Diaz-Rubio, A. de Gramont, A. Schilf, J.-J. Gastiaburu, S. Brienza, M. Itzhaki, G. Metzger, D. N'Daw, J. Vignoud, A. Abad, E. François, E. Gamelin, M. Marty, J. Sastre, J.-F. Seitz, M. Ychou
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)
Differences in Gene Expression in Muscle&amp;ndash; Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Comparison of Italian and American Patients
Authors: Stephen G. Williams, Regina Gandour-Edwards, Arline D. Deitch, Salvador Toscano, Juan-Juan Fan, Cora N. Sternberg, Vito Pansadoro, Fabio Calabr&ograve;, Antonella Rossetti, Ralph W. deVere White
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Temporal Variability of Tungsten and Cobalt in Fallon, Nevada
Authors: Paul R. Sheppard, Robert J. Speakman, Gary Ridenour, Mark L. Witten
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Since 1997, Fallon, Nevada, has experienced a cluster of childhood leukemia that has been declared "one of the most unique clusters of childhood cancer ever reported." Multiple environmental studies have shown airborne tungsten and cobalt to be elevated within Fallon, but the question remains: Have these metals changed through time in correspondence with the onset of the leukemia cluster?
Bone scintigraphy (BS) may no longer be relevant in the era of integrated PET/CT for women undergoing evaluation for suspected metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Authors: HL McArthur, C Lynch, P Morris, S Larson, K Grabski, J Howard, S Patil, CA Hudis, MN Dickler
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5007 Background: &amp;#x2028; The accurate detection of osseous metastases frequently has significant prognostic and therapeutic implications at metastatic breast cancer (MBC) diagnosis. However, the ideal paradigm for accurate detection of osseous metastases has not yet been determined. In this retrospective, single-institution study, we compare the diagnostic performance of integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) versus bone scintigraphy (BS) for women undergoing extent-of-disease (EOD) evaluation for suspected MBC.&amp;#x2028; Methods:&amp;#x2028; Women undergoing EOD evaluation for suspected MBC with integrated PET/CT and bone scintigraphy (BS) between January 1, 2005 and Dec 31, 2007 were identified through institutional databases. Patients with PET/CT and BS imaging completed within 30-days of each other were included. Women with a prior history of MBC or an active second malignancy were excluded. Electronic medical record (EMR) reports were reviewed and classified as positive, negative or equivocal for detecting osseous metastases. All EMR reports deemed potentially equivocal were reviewed by 2 investigators and consensus reached regarding the final classification. Bone biopsy data, where available, was also recorded.&amp;#x2028; Results:&amp;#x2028; The median age of the 62 eligible women was 54y (33-90y). Overall, PET/CT and BS demonstrated a high degree of concordance. Of the 41 concordant studies, 13 (21%) and 28 (45%) were reported as positive and negative for osseous metastases, respectively. No studies were classified as equivocal by both modalities. Ten positive PET/CT studies were negative by BS, but no PET/CT-negative studies were positive by BS. Of the 10 patients with PET/CT-positive, BS-negative studies, 4 had subsequent bone biopsies, all of which confirmed osseous metastases.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusions:&amp;#x2028; This study supports the diagnostic performance of integrated PET/CT in detecting osseous metastases when EOD evaluation for suspected MBC is considered. Whether PET/CT may supplant BS entirely in this setting has not yet been determined. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5007.
Bronchopleural Fistula Demonstrated by Pulmonary Scintigraphy A "Pseudo" Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch
Authors: DANIEL M. ROSWIG, JOHN J. SZIKLAS, RONALD J. ROSENBERG, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

ROSWIG, DANIEL M. M.D.; SZIKLAS, JOHN J. M.D.; ROSENBERG, RONALD J. M.D.; SPENCER, RICHARD P. M.D., Ph.D. Author Information
Patient safety in developing countries: retrospective estimation of scale and nature of harm to patients in hospital
Authors: R. M. Wilson, P. Michel, S. Olsen, R. W. Gibberd, C. Vincent, R. El-Assady, O. Rasslan, S. Qsous, W. M. Macharia, A. Sahel, S. Whittaker, M. Abdo-Ali, M. Letaief, N. A. Ahmed, A. Abdellatif, I. Larizgoitia
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the frequency and nature of adverse events to patients in selected hospitals in developing or transitional economies. <b>Design</b> Retrospective medical record review of hospital admissions during 2005 in eight countries. <b>Setting</b> Ministries of Health of Egypt, Jordan, Kenya, Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan, South Africa and Yemen; the World Health Organisation (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean and African Regions (EMRO and AFRO), and WHO Patient Safety. <b>Participants</b> Convenience sample of 26 hospitals from which 15 548 patient records were randomly sampled. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Two stage screening. Initial screening based on 18 explicit criteria. Records that screened positive were then reviewed by a senior physician for determination of adverse event, its preventability, and the resulting disability. <b>Results</b> Of the 15 548 records reviewed, 8.2% showed at least one adverse event, with a range of 2.5% to 18.4% per country. Of these events, 83% were judged to be preventable, while about 30% were associated with death of the patient. About 34% adverse events were from therapeutic errors in relatively non-complex clinical situations. Inadequate training and supervision of clinical staff or the failure to follow policies or protocols contributed to most events. <b>Conclusions</b> Unsafe patient care represents a serious and considerable danger to patients in the hospitals that were studied, and hence should be a high priority public health problem. Many other developing and transitional economies will probably share similar rates of harm and similar contributory factors. The convenience sampling of hospitals might limit the interpretation of results, but the identified adverse event rates show an estimate that should stimulate and facilitate the urgent institution of appropriate remedial action and also to trigger more research. Prevention of these adverse events will be complex and involves improving basic clinical processes and does not simply depend on the provision of more resources.
Role of Glycemic Index in the Context of an Overall Heart-Healthy Diet
Authors: Robert H. Eckel
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Charity for the Poor: Hill-Burton and the Hospitals
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

In previous columns I have called attention to the class-action suits being brought by public-service law firms and other groups on behalf of consumers, including medical patients.1 Among the most active of the legal groups have been the neighborhood law offices supported by the Office of Economic Opportunity. The primary concern, or primary client population, for these offices has been the poor. In the medical field, these Office of Economic Opportunity lawyers have concentrated a great deal of their efforts on class-action suits against nonprofit hospitals in various parts of the country for their failure to provide a "reasonable amount" . . .
Primitive hematopoietic cells resist HIV-1 infection via p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1
Authors: Jielin Zhang, David T. Scadden, Clyde S. Crumpacker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Hematopoietic stem cells are resistant to HIV-1 infection. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 (p21), a known regulator of stem cell pool size, restricts HIV-1 infection of primitive hematopoietic cells. Modifying p21 expression altered HIV-1 infection prior to changes in cell cycling and was selective for p21 since silencing the related CKIs, p27Kip1 and p18INK4C, had no effect on HIV-1. We show that p21 blocked viral infection by complexing with HIV-1 integrase and aborting chromosomal integration. A closely related lentivirus with a distinct integrase, SIVmac-251, and the other cell-intrinsic inhibitors of HIV-1, Trim5α, PML, Murr1, and IFN-α, were unaffected by p21. Therefore, p21 is an endogenous cellular component in stem cells that provides a unique molecular barrier to HIV-1 infection and may explain how these cells remain an uninfected "sanctuary" in HIV disease.
Silicone gel breast implants
Authors: C. J. Baines
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —The recent CSA report on the silicone gel— filled breast implant saga provided much useful information.1It rightly pointed out that the FDA hearings in 1992 were characterized by an excess of anecdotal reports. The descriptive case series that were presented demonstrated an association of implants with disease, but certainly did not establish a causal relationship. It seemed to be forgotten that women without implants also get sick.  What was troubling about the CSA report was a hint of selection bias. Yes, there has been a   introduced to diminish diffusion through the elastomer envelope. What is not mentioned is that this barrier function was introduced relatively recently in the history of implant manufacturing. Thus, many women are wearing implants lacking this barrier function. Second, no mention was made of the potential problems that may be specific to foam-covered implants. The report states that there
Future Trends in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Authors: John E. Salvaggio
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>RECENT ADVANCES</h3> THE FIELD of allergy and clinical immunology continues to expand rapidly. Since the first edition of the<i>Primer</i>five years ago, advances have been made in virtually all areas of this subspecialty. Immunologic investigations into the pathogenesis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the experimental application of lymphocyteand macrophage-derived cytokines and other immune response—modifying agents in neoplastic diseases, the development of new anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of immediate and late-phase hypersensitivity reactions, and the discovery of new mast cell-derived mediators represent only a few of the many advances made during this time. The organ- and disease-oriented approach of the<i>Primer</i>introduces many of these advances in a manner that is appropriate and relevant to students and primary care and specialty practitioners. The approach provides direction for subsequent in-depth analysis of current and future aspects of molecular and cell biology and makes a valuable contribution to understanding the mechanisms
Mediators of Patient Trust
Authors: Alan L. Hillman
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles and Clinical Applications of Thyroid Scanning by X-ray Fluorescence
Authors: M MEIGNAN, P GALLE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

Thyroid imaging by fluorescent x-rays permits scanning of stable iodine distribution in the thyroid and measurement of the intrathyroidal iodine pool. The thyroid is irradiated by gamma or x-rays and the K-alpha fluorescent ray of 28.5 keV is detected by a semiconductor detector. The number of photons detected at any one point is proportional to the quantity of iodine which that point contains. The spatial resolution in the images obtained is almost as good as in scintigraphic scanning with radioactive tracers. The radiation dose to the patient per scan is strictly localized and is less than 10 millirads; fluorescent scanning is thus of great interest for cases involving children and pregnant women. It can be applied when the iodine pool is flooded and in the course of suppressive therapy. It sometimes allows discovery in the contralateral lobe of an autonomous nodule or a toxic adenoma, when such a lobe would not be visualized by radioisotope imaging without prior TSH injection. A cold nodule on the tracer scan is more likely to be cancerous if it contains no stable iodine. The fluorescent technique permits observation of the evolution of thyroiditis and treated hyperthyroidism. Some difficulties occur in absolute measurement of iodine because the soft tissue attenuates the rays detected. Nevertheless, the reproducibility of fluorescent measurements is satisfactory, which means the method permits observation of iodine pool development during thyroid disorders, and this is a clinical and physiopathologic advantage. The scatter of iodine pool values is large, both in normal and pathologic subjects. In hyperthyroidism, pool values may be normal, high, or low.
Echocardiographic Phase Imaging to Predict Reverse Remodeling After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Sebastian J. Buss, Per M. Humpert, Raffi Bekeredjian, Stefan E. Hardt, Christian Zugck, Dieter Schellberg, Alexander Bauer, Arthur Filusch, Helmut Kuecherer, Hugo A. Katus, Grigorios Korosoglou
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Estrogen and progesterone receptors in human gallbladder
Authors: Brian K. Singletary, David H. van Thiel, Patricia K. Eagon
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

Gallbladder disease is more prevalent in women than men. Estrogen therapy has been associated with an increased incidence of gallbladder disease in both sexes. Further, increased progesterone levels have been implicated in impairment of gallbladder motility in pregnancy. Because sex hormones often exert their action through specific receptors, we investigated whether human gallbladder contains receptors for estrogen and progesterone. Binding of radiolabeled hormones in cytosol and nuclei prepared from human gallbladder of both sexes is indicative of the presence of receptors for both estrogen and progesterone. The binding is saturable, of high affinity and highly specific for its particular type of hormone but not other steroids. Fractionation of sodium molybdate-stabilized gallbladder cytosol on Sephadex G-100 demonstrates that the labeled hormones are not bound to defined proteins such as sex steroid binding globulin or albumin. These studies indicate that human gallbladder contains both estrogen and progesterone receptors, that the presence of these receptors may explain the sensitivity of gallbladder tissue to these hormones and that certain aspects of gallbladder function may be mediated by the interaction of steroid hormones with these receptors.
A new form of macrothrombocytopenia induced by a germ-line mutation in the PRKACG gene
Authors: Vladimir T. Manchev, Morgane Hilpert, Eliane Berrou, Ziane Elaib, Achille Aouba, Siham Boukour, Sylvie Souquere, Gerard Pierron, Philippe Rameau, Robert Andrews, François Lanza, Regis Bobe, William Vainchenker, Jean-Philippe Rosa, Marijke Bryckaert, Najet Debili, Remi Favier, Hana Raslova
Journal: Blood (2014)
Rapid effector function of circulating NC16A-specific T cells in individuals with mucous membrane pemphigoid
Authors: A.P.B. Black, S.L. Seneviratne, L. Jones, A.S. King, S. Winsey, G. Arsecularatne, F. Wojnarowska, G.S. Ogg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a chronic blistering skin disease frequently associated with circulating autoantibodies directed to a number of antigens including the NC16A region of BP180. NC16A domain-specific T cells have been identified in the blood of individuals with bullous pemphigoid (BP), pemphigoid gestationis and linear IgA disease, but there are no data investigating the potential role for such T cells in the pathogenesis of MMP.To test the hypothesis that NC16A-specific T cells exist in the peripheral blood of individuals with MMP.We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 patients with MMP, 17 with BP and 10 healthy controls and examined the immunogenicity of overlapping peptides spanning the NC16A domain using interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay.Significant IFN-gamma production was observed in response to the NC16A peptides in two of the patients with MMP and two of the patients with BP but in none of the normal controls. These data suggest that in a minority of individuals with MMP, NC16A domain-specific T cells circulate at sufficiently high frequency to be detectable directly ex vivo and to show rapid effector function.Overall, these findings are the first to examine the potential role for antigen-specific autoreactive T cells in the pathogenesis of MMP, and confirm that in some individuals the NC16A domain may be an important target antigen.
Imaging acute appendicitis with Tc-99m labeled PMN specific MAb
Authors: M. Thakur, C. Marcus, R. Ahdoot, B. Rhodcs, C. Putnam, C. Spana
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Thakur, M.1; Marcus, C.2; Ahdoot, R.2; Rhodcs, B.3; Putnam, C.3; Spana, C.3 Author Information
Voluntary Hospitals Covered by Taft–Hartley Act: A New Era in Hospital Labor Relations
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

ONE of the most important pieces of federal legislation this year concerning health-care organizations was finally enacted late in the session in the heat of mid-July and on the edges of the general decline in activity in the face of the Presidential impeachment proceedings in the House. On July 11, by a close vote, the House of Representatives concurred with the Senate in accepting a conference report of both houses under which nonprofit, private "health-care institutions" will now be covered by the Taft—Hartley Act (National Labor Relations Act).* Voluntary hospitals and other nonprofit health-care facilities have been exempt from this . . .
Outcomes of stenting after uncomplicated ureteroscopy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghulam Nabi, J Cook, J N'Dow, S McClinton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate the potential beneficial and adverse effects of routine ureteric stent placement after ureteroscopy. <b>Design</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. <b>Data sources</b> Cochrane controlled trials register (2006 issue 2), Embase, and Medline (1966 to 31 March 2006), without language restrictions. <b>Review methods</b> We included all randomised controlled trials that reported various outcomes with or without stenting after ureteroscopy. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed quality. Meta-analyses used both fixed and random effects models with dichotomous data reported as relative risk and continuous data as a weighted mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. <b>Results</b> Nine randomised controlled trials (reporting 831 participants) were identified. The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms was significantly higher in participants who had a stent inserted (relative risk 2.25, 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 4.43, for dysuria; 2.00, 1.11 to 3.62, for frequency or urgency) after ureteroscopy. There was no significant difference in postoperative requirement for analgesia, urinary tract infections, stone free rate, and ureteric strictures in the two groups. Because of marked heterogeneity, formal pooling of data was not possible for some outcomes such as flank pain. A pooled analysis showed a reduced likelihood of unplanned medical visits or admission to hospital in the group with stents (0.53, 0.17 to 1.60), although this difference was not significant. None of the trials reported on health related quality of life. Cost reported in three randomised controlled trials favoured the group without stents. The overall quality of trials was poor and reporting of outcomes inconsistent. <b>Conclusions</b> Patients with stents after ureteroscopy have significantly higher morbidity in the form of irritative lower urinary symptoms with no influence on stone free rate, rate of urinary tract infection, requirement for analgesia, or long term ureteric stricture formation. Because of the marked heterogeneity and poor quality of reporting of the included trials, the place of stenting in the management of patients after uncomplicated ureteroscopy remains unclear.
Mobility impairments and use of preventive services in women with multiple sclerosis: observational study
Authors: E. Cheng, L. Myers, S. Wolf, D. Shatin, X.-P. Cui, G. Ellison, T. Belin, B. Vickrey
Journal: BMJ (2001)

practice at the University of Glasgow, is helpful: "More miles on the clock" (G Watt, personal communication, 1999).The composition of the cohort changed markedly from 1974 to 1997, with a much greater proportion of survivors in 1997 being in the least deprived fifth than in the most deprived (27% and 14%, respectively, of men and 23% and 17% of women).These effects of deprivation on premature death may not be obvious in tables or histograms. 2 Our cohort survival graphs, which can be constructed without complex links between records, clearly show the relation between deprivation and mortality.We thank the General Register Office for providing the mortality and population data and David Murphy of the Information and Statistics Division for his help in the initial analyses.Contributors: JC had the original idea, which he then developed with SC.