tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
30 Outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma listed for liver transplantation within the eurotransplant allocation system
Authors: M. Adler, J. Lerut, P. Starkel, H. Van Vlierberghe, R. Troisi, F. De Pauw, A. Fancello, G. Bonduel, E. De Gendt, P. Vereerstraeten, V. Donckier, O. Detry, J. Delwaide, P. Michielsen, T. Chapelle, J. Pirenne, F. Nevens
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
The Medical Record as a Basis for Assessing Physician Competence
Authors: BEVERLY C. PAYNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The medical record can be used for evaluating physician performance. Within the limitations described, it is an essential source of information on the delivery of care as well as a measure of proficiency. The process of care should be particularly emphasized, without neglecting appropriate outcome measures. The confounding of outcome measures by compliance factors, natural history of the disease process, severity of illness, status of defense mechanisms, performance of ancillary services, and personnel does not make this an attractive single measure of physician performance. Knowledge assessment and performance assessment play a complementary role; both are necessary to identify competency. The potential for improving medical care and the recording of essential findings by such an emphasis on individual assessment based on medical records is enormous. Technologic progress in recording and retrieving medical information is facilitating use of the record to measure proficiency. A carefully structured blend of cognitive examination to establish a knowledge base and review of the medical record to measure performance will provide better measures of competency.
Biochemical interaction between effects of beclomethasone dipropionate and salbutamol or formoterol in sputum cells from mild to moderate asthmatics
Authors: M. Profita, R. Gagliardo, R. Di Giorgi, F. Pompeo, M. Gjomarkaj, G. Nicolini, J. Bousquet, A. M. Vignola
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Several in vitro studies demonstrate that corticosteroids and long-acting beta(2) agonists may have a complementary and synergistic mode of action on the inflammatory processes in asthma.Sputum was induced in 20 mild to moderate asthmatic patients and the induced sputum cells (ISC) were cultured with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) 10(-7) M, salbutamol 10(-8) M and formoterol 10(-8) M either alone or in combination, BDP plus salbutamol and BDP plus formoterol, for 24 h. We measured the levels of growth macrophages-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), released on activation normal T cells expressed and activated (RANTES) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), in the supernatant of stimulated cells by ELISA. Furthermore, we assessed nuclear translocation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the expression of beta(2) receptor in ISC by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, respectively.The release of GM-CSF, RANTES and IL-8 in ISC was significantly reduced by BDP plus salbutamol or formoterol as compared with either drug alone (P < 0.0001). beta(2) receptor expression was increased after 30 min of incubation with BDP and continued to increase over a time period of 4 h (P < 0.0001). Furthermore after 30 min of incubation, nuclear translocation of GR was greater with BDP plus salbutamol or formoterol than with any of the drugs alone (P < 0.0001).The present ex vivo study demonstrates a complementary mode of action between BDP and salbutamol or formoterol leading to an enhanced anti-inflammatory activity.
New guidance urges NHS commissioners to buy ethically
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The BMA and Royal College of General Practitioners have published joint guidance for GPs and commissioning organisations in the United Kingdom to help protect the rights of workers in medical supply chains.1

The organisations said that the move had been prompted by “emerging evidence” that some current practices were infringing on basic employment rights and risking workers’ health.

The guidance calls on the NHS—which spends over £40bn (€50bn; $67bn) a …
Cancer risk among children of atomic bomb survivors. A review of RERF epidemiologic studies. Radiation Effects Research Foundation
Authors: Y. Yoshimoto
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This article summarizes recent epidemiologic studies of cancer risk among the children of atomic bomb survivors conducted at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation. These children include two groups: (1) the in utero-exposed children (ie, those born to mothers who had been pregnant at the time of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki) and (2) the F1 population, which was conceived after the atomic-bombings and born to parents of whom one or both were atomic bomb survivors. Although from 1950 to 1984 only 18 cancer cases were identified among the in utero sample, cancer risk did appear to significantly increase as maternal uterine dose increased. However, since the observed cases are too few in number to allow a site-specific review, the increased cancer risk cannot be definitively attributed to atomic bomb radiation, as yet. For those members of the F1 population who were less than 20 years old between 1946 and 1982, cancer risk did not appear to increase significantly as parental gonadal dose increased. Follow-up of this population will continue to determine if the patterns of adult-onset cancer are altered.
Prior Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Risk of Restenosis After Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Christoph Manegold, Marwan Alwazzeh, Helmut Jablonowski, Ortwin Adams, Martin Medve, Beate Seidlitz, Ulrich Heidland, Dieter Häussinger, Bodo-Eckehard Strauer, Matthias P. Heintzen
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Restenosis is a common problem after all revascularization procedures in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Reactivated human cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been detected in tissues of restenotic vascular lesions and was hypothesized to be a contributing pathogenic factor. Recent data suggest an association of restenosis after optimal coronary atherectomy with CMV serostatus, and a possible role of antiviral therapy was discussed. We therefore tested the hypothesis that prior CMV infection might be a risk factor for restenosis after conventional coronary balloon angioplasty (PTCA). Methods and Results —We analyzed 92 consecutive patients who had been admitted for control angiography after previous PTCA within a mean interval of 6 months. Anti-CMV antibodies were measured as an indicator of prior CMV infection and latency. The coronary angiograms before PTCA, directly after, and 6 months later were analyzed quantitatively. Sixty-five percent of the patients were CMV-positive. Before PTCA, the degree (mean±SD) of stenosis was 69±10% in CMV-positive and 68±8.3% in CMV-negative subjects. PTCA resulted in a residual stenosis of 39% in both groups. After 6 months, the late losses of luminal diameter in the CMV-positive and -negative groups were 11±13% and 12±15%, respectively ( P =0.658). In an ANCOVA with 25 potential risk factors for restenosis, CMV serostatus was not significantly associated with restenosis development. Conclusions —Our data indicate that prior CMV infection, in contrast to optimal atherectomy, is not associated with chronic restenosis after conventional coronary balloon angioplasty. The results do not support a possible benefit from antiviral therapy.
Poking, Scratching, and Picking
Authors: Cyril T. M. Cameron
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The following reports will apparently lend weight to the supporters of the dogma that "everything comes in threes." In the past few weeks I have treated three patients for different, yet similar, complications of anticoagulant therapy, all resulting from common habits. <h3>Report of Case.—Case 1.—</h3> A 48-year-old man, 13 days after coronary artery bypass, had a chief complaint of bleeding from his right ear for nine hours. He had cleaned both ears, a regular habit, with a cotton swab that morning. He was taking dicumarol, one tablet daily. Examination showed a small, slowly bleeding laceration of the floor of the auditory canal. The canal was packed with ribbon gauze, which was removed uneventfully next morning. <h3>Case 2.—</h3> A 34-year-old woman, taking dicumarol for recent deep venous thrombosis of the leg, had what she called "rectal bleeding" of two hours' duration. She had had intermittent pruritus ani
Discovering brain regions relevant to obsessive–compulsive disorder identification through bagging and transduction
Authors: Emilio Parrado-Hernández, Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo, Manel Martínez-Ramón, John Shawe-Taylor, Pino Alonso, Jesús Pujol, José M. Menchón, Narcis Cardoner, Carles Soriano-Mas
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2014)
Risks of opioids are underplayed
Authors: S. M Holliday
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The study of domestication contributes to our knowledge of evolution and crop genetic resources. Human selection has shaped wild <i>Brassica rapa</i> into diverse turnip, leafy, and oilseed crops. Despite its worldwide economic importance and potential as a model for understanding diversification under domestication, insights into the number of domestication events and initial crop(s) domesticated in <i>B. rapa</i> have been limited due to a lack of clarity about the wild or feral status of conspecific non-crop relatives. To address this gap and reconstruct the domestication history of <i>B. rapa</i>, we analyzed 68,468 genotyping-by-sequencing-derived SNPs for 416 samples in the largest diversity panel of domesticated and weedy <i>B. rapa</i> to date. To further understand the center of origin, we modeled the potential range of wild <i>B. rapa</i> during the mid-Holocene. Our analyses of genetic diversity across <i>B. rapa</i> morphotypes suggest that non-crop samples from the Caucasus, Siberia, and Italy may be truly wild, while those occurring in the Americas and much of Europe are feral. Clustering, tree-based analyses, and parameterized demographic inference further indicate that turnips were likely the first crop type domesticated, from which leafy types in East Asia and Europe were selected from distinct lineages. These findings clarify the domestication history and nature of wild crop genetic resources for <i>B. rapa</i>, which provides the first step toward investigating cases of possible parallel selection, the domestication and feralization syndrome, and novel germplasm for <i>Brassica</i> crop improvement.
Phagocytosis of<i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i>in the course of rifampicin and streptomycin chemotherapy in Buruli ulcer lesions
Authors: D. Schütte, A. UmBoock, G. Pluschke
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans involves a devastating skin disease called Buruli ulcer (BU). Currently, dual therapy with rifampicin and streptomycin (R/S) for 8 weeks as well as surgery are the standard treatments.To elucidate the processes taking place in BU lesions in the course of chemotherapy we performed an in-depth histological analysis of lesions after 4 weeks of R/S treatment and compared results with findings in untreated lesions and lesions treated for 8 weeks.Tissue specimens were collected from patients who had no treatment and from patients after 4 and 8 weeks of R/S treatment. The main features evaluated were local immune responses, histopathological alterations and bacterial distribution.After 4 weeks of R/S treatment we observed a large proportion of mycobacteria inside macrophages, occasionally forming globus-like aggregations. While distinct bands of inflammatory leucocytes surrounded the necrotic core in an ulcer and early granuloma formation was apparent in the healthy-appearing margins, acute cellular infiltration covering the whole lesion had developed in a nodular lesion. In contrast, ulcerative lesions after 8 weeks of chemotherapy showed intra- and extracellular bacterial debris as well as the presence of extensive chronic infiltrates forming huge granulomas.R/S treatment of BU results in a rapid onset of local cellular immune responses associated with phagocytosis of the extracellular M. ulcerans. This may be related to declining levels of the macrolide toxin mycolactone in the tissue, thus leading to an enhanced chemotherapy-induced clearance of the infection.
Regression of myocardial hypertrophy: electrocardiographic-echocardiographic correlations after aortic valve replacement in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation.
Authors: J D Carroll, W H Gaasch, S Naimi, H J Levine
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Serial electrocardiographic and echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) studies were performed in 21 patients before and after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for chronic aortic regurgitation. Changes in voltage (SV1 + RV5-6) after AVR were assessed and evaluated relative to changes in LV mass. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) derived from echocardiographic dimension and wall thickness data was used as an index of LV muscle mass (LV hypertrophy greater than 10 cm2/m2). In 15 patients, voltage was reduced after AVR: Seven had normal voltage (48 +/- 17 mm to 25 +/- 6 mm, p less than 0.005) and eight still had increased voltage (61 +/- 17 mm to 40 +/- 4 mm, p less than 0.01). Patients with normal voltage had complete regression of hypertrophy by echocardiography (CSA decreased from 13 +/- 3 cm2/m2 to 9 +/- 1 cm2/m2, p less than 0.025), while those who had persistently increased voltage had incomplete regression (15 +/- 2 cm2/m2, p less than 0.001). Reduction in voltage generally occurred in the first 6 months after AVR. Three patients with unchanged voltage had evidence of paraprosthetic regurgitation and minimal change in CSA. Three other patients with voltage had evidence of paraprosthetic regurgitation and minimal change in CSA. Three other patients with persistent LV enlargement without paraprosthetic regurgitation had a severe intraventricular conduction delay. Data from 59 electrocardiographic-echocardiographic studies before and after AVR revealed a strong correlation (r = 0.81) between voltage and muscle CSA. After surgical correction of chronic aortic regurgitation, regression of LV hypertrophy can be assessed by serial electrocardiographic studies. These ECG data identify patients with complete, incomplete or no regression of LV hypertrophy.
Cap-assisted ERCP in patients with difficult cannulation due to periampullary diverticulum
Authors: Dae-Seong Myung, Chang-Hwan Park, Han-Ra Koh, Seong-Uk Lim, Chung-Hwan Jun, Ho-seok Ki, Seon-Young Park, Jong-Sun Rew
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Selective biliary cannulation is an essential prerequisite for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The cap-fitted forward-viewing endoscope has been used for ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy. In this case series, 12 patients with periampullary diverticulum underwent ERCP using the cap-assisted forward-viewing endoscope due to failure of biliary cannulation using the standard technique. Successful ERCP was achieved in all patients with no serious complications.
Aesculapius, Hippolytus, and the Legend of Phaedra
Authors: Jerome M. Schneck
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE STORY of Hippolytus is an integral part of the legend of Phaedra. The tragedy of Phaedra and Hippolytus has never lost its appeal, and the tale has been retold through the ages. A revival of interest in it is now current. This revival should be of special interest to physicians because of the connection between Hippolytus and Aesculapius. The present popularization is a modern and considerably modified film screen version. The story has long been known through the writings of Euripides, Seneca, and Racine. The connection between Hippolytus and Aesculapius is usually not mentioned in accounts of Aesculapius that appear in medical publications. It seems reasonable to do this now and to bring together various items pertaining to their relationship and to the birth and death of Aesculapius.  Aesculapius incurred the wrath of Pluto because of his deeds of healing. It is said, at times, that Aesculapius revived the
A Prospective Study of Eating Disturbances in the Ballet
Authors: David M. Garner, Paul E. Garfinkel, Wendi Rockert, Marion P. Olmsted
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

A group of 35 ballet students was assessed and then retested between 2 and 4 years later to determine the persistence of eating symptoms and to identify factors which predict eating disorders. Of those interviewed at follow-up, 25.7% had anorexia nervosa and 14.2% had either bulimia nervosa or a 'partial syndrome'. 'Drive for thinness' and 'body dissatisfaction' scales of the Eating Disorder Inventory were the only measures which predicted development of eating disorders at follow-up. The finding that most cases of anorexia nervosa gained weight at follow-up was similar to an earlier report; however, the view that these disorders were benign adaptations to the ballet subculture was challenged by the observation that many continued to experience significant eating disorder symptoms at follow-up. Findings indicate that vulnerable adolescents may be identified early using economical self-report measures as the initial step in a two-stage screening process.
Experimentation Becomes a Crime: Fetal Research in Massachusetts
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

IN the aftermath of the Supreme Court's abortion decisions in early 1973 there has been a rash of legislative action in the states and a rush to the courts by proponents on both sides of the issues to seek clarification of the many unanswered questions that remain in the wake of these historic pronouncements of the law.1 Among the most serious questions raised by the decisions is the fate of the human fetus involved. The Supreme Court held that the fetus, before a vaguely defined stage of viability, is not a "person" subject to the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment . . .
Detection of hepatitis C virus replication byIn situ hybridization in epithelial cells of anti–hepatitis C virus–positive patients with and without oral lichen planus
Authors: Juan Jos Arrieta, Elena Rodriguez-Iñigo, Mercedes Casqueiro, Javier Bartolomé, Felix Manzarbeitia, Montserrat Herrero, Margarita Pardo, Vicente Carreño
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there is a correlation between oral lichen planus and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV RNA has been recently detected in epithelial cells from oral lichen planus lesions by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, this technique does not discriminate which types of cells are infected by the virus or if the viral RNA is present in the serum that contaminates the biopsy. Morphological evidence of viral replication in cells from these lesions is needed to establish a role for HCV in oral lichen planus. Consequently, we have analyzed the presence of positive and negative HCV-RNA strands in oral mucosa biopsies from 23 patients (14 anti-HCV-positive) diagnosed as having oral lichen planus and from 5 patients with chronic hepatitis C without oral lichen planus. Positive and negative HCV-RNA strands were detected in epithelial cells of the mucosa biopsies from all anti-HCV-positive patients independently of whether or not they had oral lichen planus, but in none of the anti-HCV-negative cases. The percentage of stained cells ranged from 4.4% to 14.3%. These percentages do not correlate with the serum viremia levels or the intensity of the cellular infiltrate in patients with oral lichen planus. In conclusion, we have shown that HCV replicates in epithelial cells of patients with and without oral lichen planus. The pathological consequences of this finding remain to be elucidated.
Effect of deletion polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene on progression of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: M. Marre, G. Chatellier, F. Alhenc-Gelas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Hans-Henrik Parving and colleagues report that patients with diabetic nephropathy who were homozygous for a deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene progressed more rapidly towards renal failure than did other diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy once glycaemic control was controlled for in their analysis.1 This is consistent with the results of a study that we published two years ago2 but contrasts with a previous report from the same group.3

There are two possible reasons for the discrepancy between …
Accuracy in Quotation
Authors: Allan J. Ryan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  In his editorial (230:1436, 1974), Dr. Hussey has cataloged some of the deficiencies and eccentricities in vocabulary that medical editors are apt to encounter. He stresses quite correctly the importance of precision in medical writing. Under this heading, he might have referred to accuracy in quotation. The line from the song that he quotes should read, Every little movement has a meaning all its own.
Liquor Picis Carbonis (B.P.)
Authors: I. Berenblum
Journal: BMJ (1948)

AORTIC DISSECTING ANEURYSMSBRNLsAn 601for a surgical abdominal lesion might have resulted in a laparotomy.As it was, the prognosis given to the patients' relatives was rather more than guarded.Case 2 was obviously not a surgical case a week after admission.Being wise after the event, it seems strange that this case was not diagnosed, and reference to the case histories of other patients admitted to medical wards with the same condition suggests that correct diagnosis was not impossible. Summury,Patients with aortic dissecting aneurysms are sometimes admitted into surgical wards.A brief summary is given of the pathology, symptoms, and signs of this condition.Three case histories are given, in two of which a correct ante- mortem diagnosis was made.It is suggested that a correct diagnosis could be made more often.Free reference has been made to the excellent symposium on the subject by Shennan (1934).
MicroRNA-101 inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma progression through EZH2 downregulation and increased cytostatic drug sensitivity
Authors: Leibo Xu, Susanne Beckebaum, Speranta Iacob, Gang Wu, Gernot M. Kaiser, Arnold Radtke, Chao Liu, Iyad Kabar, Hartmut H. Schmidt, Xiaoyong Zhang, Mengji Lu, Vito R. Cicinnati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
MKL1 C–184&gt;T AND CYP3A5 A–6986&gt;G POLYMORPHISMS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CONTRAST INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER PCI
Authors: Bimmer E. Claessen, George Syros, Roxana Mehran, Elias Sanidas, Vasiliki Chantziara, Irine Apostolidou, Giora Weisz, Leroy Rabbani, Craig Hooper, George Dangas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)