tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pathologic findings in 52 consecutively autopsied cases with multiple myeloma
Authors: Kumi Oshima, Yoshinobu Kanda, Yasuhito Nannya, Makoto Kaneko, Tamae Hamaki, Miyuki Suguro, Rie Yamamoto, Aki Chizuka, Tomohiro Matsuyama, Naoki Takezako, Akiyoshi Miwa, Atsushi Togawa, Hihumi Niino, Michiyo Nasu, Kiyoshi Saito, Toyohiko Morita
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

We studied clinical features and pathologic findings in 52 consecutively autopsied patients with multiple myeloma in our center between 1979 and 1998. Distant extraosseous involvement was found in 33 patients (63.5%). Thirty-one patients (59.6%) were proven to have infection at autopsy, among which pneumonia was most common site of infection. Amyloidosis was shown in 8 patients. Second malignancies were observed in 4 cases. The three major causes of death were hemorrhage, infection, and renal failure, which accounted for death in approximately 70% of the patients. Advances in the anticancer and antimicrobial chemotherapies might have decreased deaths due to myeloma itself or infection.
Diabetic dimorphism according to acetylator status.
Authors: A W Burrows, T D Hockaday, J I Mann, J G Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Two groups of diabetics and 19 normal controls had their rate of acetylation of sulphadimidine measured. Among 47 patients with maturity onset diabetes the 29 fast acetylators were older at diagnosis and, at a given glucose concentration, had a higher pretreatment fasting insulin concentration than slow acetylators. They also had a larger first-phase insulin secretion in response to intravenous glucose both before and after one month's dietary treatment. The greatest difference between fast and slow acetylators was in the first-phase secretion of insulin after a month's treatment. The proportion of fast acetylators among the second group of diabetics, who had been admitted to improve their glucose concentrations or for treatment of tissue damage, was similar to that among the normal controls (50% and 47% respectively). The data seem to indicate that diabetics are fast acetylators unexpectedly often, but it is not clear whether the dimorphism according to acetylator status produces a differential risk of neuropathy or of any other type of diabetic tissue damage.
Prostaglandin E2 tablets compared with intravenous oxytocin in induction of labour.
Authors: J F Miller, G A Welply, M Elstein
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Stimulation of uterine activity after amniotomy has been carried out with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) tablets in two dosage regimens and with intravenous oxytocin. Oxytocin stimulation was the most successful. The difference in success rate was most marked in nulliparous patients and those with low Bishop score.
Cytotoxic T cells deficient in both functional fas ligand and perforin show residual cytolytic activity yet lose their capacity to induce lethal acute graft-versus-host disease.
Authors: M Y Braun, B Lowin, L French, H Acha-Orbea, J Tschopp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the main complication after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Although the tissue damage and subsequent patient mortality are clearly dependent on T lymphocytes present in the grafted inoculum, the lethal effector molecules are unknown. Here, we show that acute lethal GVHD, induced by the transfer of splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice into sensitive BALB/c recipients, is dependent on both perforin and Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated lytic pathways. When spleen cells from mutant mice lacking both effector molecules were transferred to sublethally irradiated allogeneic recipients, mice survived. Delayed mortality was observed with grafted cells deficient in only one lytic mediator. In contrast, protection from lethal acute GVHD in resistant mice was exclusively perforin dependent. Perforin-FasL-deficient T cells failed to lyse most target cells in vitro. However, they still efficiently killed tumor necrosis factor alpha-sensitive fibroblasts, demonstrating that cytotoxic T cells possess a third lytic pathway.
The calcineurin-NFAT pathway negatively regulates megakaryopoiesis
Authors: Alexander Zaslavsky, Stella T. Chou, Keri Schadler, Allyson Lieberman, Maxim Pimkin, Yeo Jung Kim, Kwan-Hyuck Baek, William C. Aird, Mitchell J. Weiss, Sandra Ryeom
Journal: Blood (2013)
Pathology of Infancy and Childhood
Authors: Milton G. Bohrod
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Not very long ago the pathologic examination of infants was relegated to the lowest man on the pathology totem pole. This may still happen occasionally, but it is now uncommon; an important reason for the change has been the appearance of monographs devoted to this subject, headed in this country by Edith Potter's modern classic. Now Kissane and Smith's book becomes a worthy addition. It is very well written and readable. The illustrations are excellent, abundant, well labeled; all are in black and white. They are supplemented by instructive diagrams. The pathology of later childhood receives excellent coverage, but some phases of new-born pathology do not receive the attention they deserve. For instance, there is no discussion of "monsters" and other generalized congenital anomalies, although congenital defects of individual organs are well covered. Each organ system is introduced by a good section on embryology. The section on alimentary tract also
Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy
Authors: M. Fisher, R. Biggs
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Some fall in the level of haemoglobin during pregnancy is usual.This relative anaemia is often attributed to the rise in blood volume of 18-23% (Dieckmann and Wegner, 1934; Roscoe and Donaldson, 1946; Berlin et al., 1953) which occurs towards the end of pregnancy.Since the haemoglobin levels of most non-pregnant women range from 80 to 95%, levels of haemoglobin of 70-85 % at the end of pregnancy have come to be accepted as normal.
Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 de novo expression drives cholangiocyte neuroendocrine-like transdifferentiation
Authors: Marco Marzioni, Stefania Saccomanno, Cinzia Candelaresi, Chiara Rychlicki, Laura Agostinelli, Kumar Shanmukhappa, Luciano Trozzi, Irene Pierantonelli, Samuele De Minicis, Antonio Benedetti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Relation between headache in childhood and physical and psychiatric symptoms in adulthood: national birth cohort study
Authors: Paul Fearon, Matthew Hotopf
Journal: BMJ (2001)

To elucidate the associations between frequent headache and psychosocial factors in childhood and to determine whether such children are at an increased risk of headache, multiple physical symptoms, and psychiatric symptoms in adulthood.Population based birth cohort study.General population.People participating in the national child development study, a population based birth cohort study established in 1958.Headache, multiple physical symptoms, and psychiatric morbidity at age 33.Headache in childhood was associated with several psychosocial factors. Prospectively, children with frequent headache had an increased risk in adulthood of headache (odds ratio 2.22, 95% confidence interval 1.62 to 3.06), multiple physical symptoms (1.75, 1.46 to 2.10), and psychiatric morbidity (1.41, 1.20 to 1.66). The outcomes of headache and multiple physical symptoms were not accounted for by psychiatric morbidity.Children with headache are at an increased risk of recurring headache in adulthood and may complain of other physical and psychiatric symptoms. Strategies for coping with psychosocial adversity in childhood may improve the prognosis in adulthood.
Abstract 9460: Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase (sEH) Reduces Atherogenesis in Mice
Authors: Peter Stachon, Dennis Wolf, Ingo Hildgendorf, Florian Willecke, Uwe Schoenbeck, Christoph Bode, Andreas Zirlik
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are short-living, endothelium-derived factors efficiently promoting vasodilatation and angiogenesis. Recently, EETs have been identified as potent anti-inflammatory agents and stimulators of lipid metabolism. Physiologically, EETs are rapidly converted into dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Thus, inhibition of sEH revealed potent anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we test the hypothesis that inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase by the orally available compound BIX01753 modulates atherogenesis in vivo. Methods and Results: A prevention arm was designed to test for the potency to inhibit de novo atherosclerosis. LDLR-deficient mice either received a high cholesterol diet, a high cholesterol diet supplemented with two doses of BIX01753 , or a low cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. When fed the high cholesterol diet and the higher dose of the sEH-inhibitor, mice showed significantly lower lipid depositions in the abdominal aorta as compared to the control (39±2% vs. 29±2% Oil-Red-O positive area, n=17, p=0.03), but not with the lower dose. Intimal lesion size in sections of the aortic arches, generally considered as an indicator of late atherosclerotic lesions, decreased up to 29±4% (n=15, p&lt;0.01), whereas the size of older lesions in aortic roots was not altered significantly. Interestingly, mice fed the sEH-inhibitor showed no changes for the content of smooth muscle cells or collagen in aortic roots. However, there was a slight tendency towards more inflamed lesions, as demonstrated by the increase in macrophage content (4±1% vs. 6±1%, p=0.08). To test the effect of sEH-inhibition on established plaques, mice were first fed a cholesterol diet for 16 weeks and then additionally fed the diet supplemented with BIX01753 for another 8 weeks. Consistently, mice fed the sEH-inhibitor showed a reduction in lipid depositions of 20±4% as compared to the control (n=15, p=0.02). Conclusions: We present the finding that inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) concentration-dependently attenuated atherosclerotic lesions in a model of murine atherogenesis. These findings identify the soluble epoxide hydrolase as potential target in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Immunological Studies of Y Protein. A MAJOR CYTOPLASMIC ORGANIC ANION-BINDING PROTEIN IN RAT LIVER
Authors: Gerald Fleischner, John Robbins, Irwin M. Arias
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

An antibody produced against rat Y protein, the major cytoplasmic organic anion-binding protein in liver, was characterized. The antibody precipitated Y protein from liver supernatant fractions and specifically removed the organic anion-binding capacity from this fraction.Y protein was detected by immunodiffusion with this antibody in the supernates of rat liver, kidney, and small intestinal mucosa and was not detected in supernates of 16 other tissues including bile and serum. Precipitation with anti-Y was not detected with supernates of liver from 20 other species, including man. Quantitative radial immunodiffusion revealed Y protein to constitute 4.5% of supernatant protein in rat liver and approximately 2% of supernatant protein in rat kidney and small intestinal mucosa. Phenobarbital administration increased the concentration of Y protein in rat liver by 280%, but not in kidney or small intestinal mucosa, and was associated with increased plasma disappearance of sulfobromphthalein sodium, indocyanine green, and bilirubin, and increased hepatic, but not kidney or small intestinal mucosal, content of these organic anions. These observations provide further evidence indicating that the concentration of Y protein is a major determinant of organic anion flux across the plasma membrane of the liver cell.Immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis revealed serological identity between Y protein, cortisol metabolite-binding protein I. and the major azocarcinogen-binding protein.
The Termination of Cardiac Arrhythmias with Electrical Discharge.
Authors: B. Lown
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963The Termination of Cardiac Arrhythmias with Electrical Discharge.B. Lown, M.D.B. Lown, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-713_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince the introduction of quinidine by Frey, 45 years ago, drugs have been the mainstay in the treatment of ectopic arrhythmias. A new method of treatment has now been introduced which no longer depends on drugs. This method, cardioversion, is based on 2 key principles.1. The heart can be depolarized across the intact chest by a brief direct-current (d-c) electrical discharge and thereby result in abolition of an ectopic arrhythmia.2. When the d-c discharge is synchronized to fall outside the vulnerable period of the cardiac cycle, the discharge is entirely without hazard to the patient.Cardioversion has now... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: B. Lown, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVentricular Tachycardia of Thirty-five Days' Duration Report of a Case Reverted by Direct Current External Electric CountershockROBERT W. TREVER, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 713-713KeywordsArrhythmiaDrugsFallsHeartThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Diabetes Drugs Tied to Fractures in Women
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DNA concentration and length in sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis during inhalation with recombinant human DNase.
Authors: T Brandt, S Breitenstein, H von der Hardt, B Tummler
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--The clinical benefit of the administration of aerosolised recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis has already been demonstrated but the biochemical action of rhDNase on DNA in bronchial secretions in vivo has not yet been investigated. METHODS--Sputum was collected from 135 patients with cystic fibrosis before and during treatment with aerosolised rhDNase and examined to ascertain DNA concentration and length by colorimetric assay and densitometry of gel separated DNA. RESULTS--Treatment with rhDNase reduced the concentration and the size of extracellular DNA in the sputum. The median interquartile range of DNA length decreased from 0.5-2.6 kbp before treatment to 0.3-1.0 kbp during treatment. CONCLUSIONS--rhDNase was delivered to the secretions and was enzymatically active in vivo.
Sucralfate for the prevention of early rebleeding following injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices
Authors: Rex J. Polson, David Westaby, Alexander E. S. Gimson, Peter C. Hayes, Anthony J. Stellon, Karen Hayllar, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

One hundred eighty patients with variceal bleeding and treated by long-term sclerotherapy were randomized into a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy of sucralfate in reducing the frequency of rebleeding from esophageal ulceration prior to variceal obliteration. Overall, 29 (32%) of the 92 patients treated with the addition of sucralfate rebled, compared to 37 (42%) of 88 patients managed by sclerotherapy alone (p less than 0.10), but when patients with well-compensated liver disease were considered, the respective figures were 14 (24%) and 25 (42%)--a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05). The frequency (approximately 70%), number (per patient) and extent of sclerotherapy-induced esophageal mucosal ulceration were not different for the two groups, although proven rebleeding from the ulceration occurred less frequently in those receiving sucralfate (10 and 20 occasions, respectively, p less than 0.05). Mortality was not different for the two groups. Thus, use of sucralfate will reduce the frequency of rebleeding during long-term treatment by sclerotherapy, although benefit appears to be restricted to well-compensated patients and without an endoscopic overt effect upon esophageal mucosal ulceration.
RECENT OBSERVATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE POSITION OF THE STOMACH ON CERTAIN ASPECTS OF GASTROPTOSIS
Authors: RICHARD F CHASE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The employment of Roentgen rays in determining the position of the stomach, and recent investigations relative to the etiology of visceral ptosis, together with some late observations regarding the surgical treatment of this condition, have thrown new light on and excited a renewal of interest in gastroptosis. About thirty years ago Pacanowski, Ewald<sup>1</sup>and others, by various methods (although usually by distention and percussion), determined that the lower border of the stomach normally is to be found at from 1to 2 ⅖ inches above the navel, being a little higher in women than in men. Their observations have been generally accepted as correct. Furthermore, based probably on these observations, it is quite generally agreed that, in the absence of dilatation, gastroptosis is present whenever the lower border of the stomach is found at or below the nevel. Yet in 1901, in connection with other tests carried out on thirty-nine
Distinct miRNA signatures associate with subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma from infection with the tumourigenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini
Authors: Jordan L. Plieskatt, Gabriel Rinaldi, Yanjun Feng, Jin Peng, Ponlapat Yonglitthipagon, Samantha Easley, Therawach Laha, Chawalit Pairojkul, Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi, Banchob Sripa, Paul J. Brindley, Jason P. Mulvenna, Jeffrey M. Bethony
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Reply to P.E. Hutchinson et al
Authors: Julia A. Newton-Bishop, Samantha Beswick, Juliette Randerson-Moor, Yu-Mei Chang, Paul Affleck, Faye Elliott, May Chan, Susan Leake, Birute Karpavicius, Sue Haynes, Kairen Kukalizch, Linda Whitaker, Sharon Jackson, Edwina Gerry, Clarissa Nolan, Chandra Bertram, Jerry Marsden, David E. Elder, Jennifer H. Barrett, D. Timothy Bishop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)
Kochar's Concise Textbook of Medicine
Authors: Aradhana Venkatesan, Mark Aronson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 July 1999Kochar's Concise Textbook of MedicineAradhana Venkatesan, BA and Mark Aronson, MDAradhana Venkatesan, BAHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. (Venkatesan)Search for more papers by this author and Mark Aronson, MDHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. (Venkatesan)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-2-199907200-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Third edition. Kutty K, Sebastian JL, Berg DD, Mewis BA, Kochar MS; eds. 1039 pages. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1998. $38.00. ISBN 0683047981. Order phone 800-638-0672.Field of medicine: Internal medicine.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Medical students doing a core course in internal medicine, internal medicine and family practice residents, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and other allied health professionals.Purpose: To provide a textbook of internal medicine that can be read during a 3-month medical rotation.Content: The 261 chapters of this textbook are grouped into 15 sections. After a brief discussion of the role of the primary care physician, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. (Venkatesan) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 2Page: 159KeywordsGeriatricsHematologic testsInfectious diseasesMedical ethicsNursesParkinson diseasePrimary care physiciansSub-specialty careSubstance abuseToxicology ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 July 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Ribavirin: A new treatment of severe and refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) associated with HCV infection?
Authors: V. Loustaud-Ratti, A. Jaccard, E. Liozon, P. Soria, P. Turlure, S. Rogez, D. Bordessoule, E. Vidal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Carotid Stenting Versus Endarterectomy
Authors: David Doig, Martin M. Brown
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2011)

Since the landmark NASCET and ECST trials demonstrated the superiority of carotid endarterectomy over medical therapy in the prevention of stroke for patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis, surgical intervention as a part of secondary prevention of stroke has become widespread. However, the newer technology of carotid artery angioplasty and stenting challenges this mode of intervention, promising the benefits of a procedure under local anesthesia and potentially avoiding the surgical complications of cranial nerve palsy and hematoma. Pooled evidence from randomized controlled trials of endarterectomy versus stenting shows a higher rate of stroke or death in the stenting groups-but this finding is mitigated to an extent by the lower incidence of myocardial infarction and cranial nerve palsy in patients undergoing stenting. At present, carotid endarterectomy combined with optimal drug therapy remains the standard of care for symptomatic 70%-99% stenosis of the internal carotid artery, but stenting might be an option in younger patients and in those not suitable for endarterectomy.
Ectopic Kidneys as a Source of Misinterpretation on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Anish Bhattacharya, Vikas Prasad, Eluvathingal Jose Thomas, Baljinder Singh, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Ectopic kidneys are reported to occur in 1 in 500 to 1 in 1200 of the general population and can be found anywhere from the pelvis to the thorax. Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) is a widely used radiopharmaceutical for skeletal scintigraphy and is excreted through the kidneys. The authors present 3 situations in which uptake of Tc-99m MDP in kidneys located at ectopic sites (subsequently confirmed by Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy) may cause misinterpretation of the bone scan.
Drug Therapy of Parkinsonism
Authors: Melvin D. Yahr, Roger C. Duvoisin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

FOR more than 150 years, Parkinson's disease has been known as one of the major "crippling" neurologic disorders of middle life. Easily recognizable as a clinical entity, it usually begins insidiously, with minimal signs and symptoms that gradually become more pronounced and are followed by a succession of additional manifestations. Ever increasing motor disability occurs, culminating ultimately in most cases in severe invalidism. Despite impressive recent advances in knowledge resulting in some changes in concepts of Parkinsonism, and the development of new agents for its treatment, the cause of this disorder remains unknown, its pathophysiology a subject of speculation, and . . .