tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activities of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and interleukin‐3 on monocytes
Authors: Hirohito Suzuki, Naoyuki Katayama, Yasushi Ikuta, Katsumi Mukai, Atsushi Fujieda, Hidetsugu Mitani, Hiroto Araki, Hiroyuki Miyashita, Natsuki Hoshino, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nishii, Nobuyuki Minami, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

We examined the actions of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) on human monocytes, using a serum-free culture system. GM-CSF and IL-3 did not promote the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages but rather into cells with a phenotype compatible with that of immature dendritic cells (DCs). The addition of fetal bovine serum to serum-free cultures with GM-CSF or IL-3 restored the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. Cells generated with GM-CSF or IL-3 elicited phagocytic activity. Cells generated in the presence of GM-CSF or IL-3, followed by the addition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, displayed a phenotype of mature DCs, and primed and stimulated immunogenic peptide-specific T lymphocytes. Surprisingly, GM-CSF and IL-3 inhibited macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-dependent differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and induced differentiation into immature DCs. We asked if the inhibition of M-CSF-dependent differentiation into macrophages by GM-CSF or IL-3 was associated with the expression of M-CSF receptors (M-CSFR). GM-CSF or IL-3 down-regulated the expression of M-CSFR. These data demonstrate that GM-CSF and IL-3 primarily support the differentiation of monocytes into DCs and inhibit M-CSF-dependent differentiation into macrophages by suppressing the expression of M-CSFR, thereby promoting differentiation into DCs.
Worth the agony
Authors: B. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

“Until I fell foul of some unfriendly fellows that guard the catchment grounds of the Pennine Way, I never thought much about water except as an additive to Scotch….”

Like every sentence John Hillaby ever penned, this opener from one of his New Scientist columns is instantly enticing. We're about to hear a story. There's a location, a touch of self deprecation, a hint of combat. John is going to discuss a serious matter with both wit and erudition. And a drink isn't far away.

Hillaby, who died recently aged 79, is most widely known for his walking books, from Journey to the Jade Sea in …
Massive Air Embolism Due to Gunshot Wound
Authors: George R. Ellis, James R. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1964)

ALTHOUGH SOME textbooks of pathology L briefly mention the possibility of nonsurgical traumatic air embolism, few cases are reported in the current literature and the authors have found none documented by radiographs. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> During a fight involving several people, a woman in her mid-thirties was wounded in the right supraclavicular fossa. She ran approximately 100 feet and fell to the ground dead. A man wielding a knife was arrested but he maintained that the patient had been shot. The unembalmed body was brought to the morgue to determine the nature of the lethal weapon. Rigor mortis was present; there had been very little external bleeding. Over the superior border of the right clavicle, 8 cm from the sternoclavicular joint, a 0.6-cm oval puncture was found. Since there were no external powder burns and there was no exit wound, x-rays were taken to determine whether a bullet was
SANITATION ON THE CANAL ZONE
Authors: W. C. GORGAS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

I am bound to the Baltimore of a former generation by the closest ties of gratitude and friendship. I first came to Baltimore about forty-five years ago—a ragged, barefooted little rebel, with empty pockets and still more empty stomach. My father had gone south with Lee's army. At the fall and destruction of Richmond, my mother's house with all she had was burned, leaving her stranded with six small children. She came to Baltimore and was there assisted and cared for by kind friends. These memories are vivid with me still and can never be effaced. It is with great pleasure that I take this opportunity of wishing good fortune on their way through life to the men who have taken degrees at Johns Hopkins this year. I still have a vivid recollection of my mental state when I had arrived at a similar period in my own career, about
Surgery for Ebstein's anomaly: The clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of a new technique
Authors: Jan M. Quaegebeur, Narayanswami Sreeram, Alan G. Fraser, Ad J.J.C. Bogers, Oliver F.W. Stümper, John Hess, Egbert Bos, George R. Sutherland
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Goodpasture's Syndrome
Authors: Richard E. Holman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Goodpasture's syndrome remains a disease of undetermined etiology although the possibility of an immunologic basis has been raised. Immunosuppressive agents have been used late in the course of this disease without benefit.<sup>1</sup>The purpose of this paper is to report the results of azathioprine (Imuran) therapy begun prior to the onset of renal insufficiency in a patient with classical Goodpasture's syndrome. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> This 20-year-old white man had been well until the first of Jan, 1965, when he suddenly began to cough bright red blood. He was admitted to another hospital where an x-ray film revealed pulmonary infiltrates (Fig 1). The hematocrit reading and analysis of the urine were reported as normal, but a value for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was not determined. The patient improved spontaneously and after one week, the chest appeared normal on a radiograph. The patient had hemoptysis again on Feb 1, and
Medical Aspects of the Swampscott Train-Wreck Disaster
Authors: D. Richard Freni, Charles F. Twomey, Daniel M. Killoran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE train-wreck disaster that occurred in Swampscott, Massachusetts, shortly after 8 a.m. on February 28, 1956, afforded a substantial test for the preparedness of this community to cope with such an experience. In a matter of a few seconds, the wreck claimed 14 lives, with approximately 100 persons injured. The evacuation, transportation and distribution to hospitals of the injured, and their management and care, challenged the facilities and resources in this area. It is believed that our experience is worthy of documentation and that recommendations for even more efficient planning and action in the future are in order.General Considerations . . .
PTH-045 Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Neoplasia; Prospective Outcomes from a Single Tertiary Centre
Authors: R J Haidry, M Butt, J Louis-Auguste, M Novelli, L Lovat, M Banks
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Gastric cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Prognosis remains poor, largely due to late diagnosis. Early gastric neoplasia carries a far better prognosis with a 5 year survival of 85%. Traditionally, gastrectomy is the definitive loco-regional treatment, but carries significant perioperative morbidity. For early gastric cancer without risk of nodal metastasis, endoscopic en bloc resection with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a feasible alternative. We present a prospective cohort analysis of patients with early gastric neoplasia undergoing ESD at a single tertiary Centre in the United Kingdom <h3>Methods</h3> Patients were all referred through local cancer networks after staging to exclude metastatic disease. Patients underwent gastroscopy with biopsy for histology and contrast computed tomography (CT) for staging. High definition endoscopy &amp; chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine were used to help delineate lesions. Pathology was confirmed by expert GI pathologists prior to resection. Surgery was discussed with all patients as an alternative to ESD. All gastric ESD were performed under propofol sedation by a single endosocopist with specialist training. <h3>Results</h3> Over 24 months, 19 patients underwent ESD. Mean age was 71 years (range 23–87). 68% were male. Two lesions (10%) were in the proximal stomach, 1 in mid body (5%) 16 in distal stomach (85%). Mean resection size was 28mm (15–58). Mean resection time was 71 mins from intubation. En-bloc resection was achieved in 15/19 (74%) patients. 16/19 patients (84%) had a clear deep resection margin. Resection histology was high grade dysplasia in 52%, carcinoma in situ 11%, LGD 5%, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 21%, neuroendocrine tumour in 5%. 13/16 with clear resection margins post ESD remain in follow up. Of these 11/13 (87%) remain free of disease at most recent biopsy (median follow up 6 months, range 0–38). Both recurrences were LGD at the resection site. One was treated with laser ablation and the other with repeat ESD. There were no perforations or bleeding seen in our cohort during ESD <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this small cohort of early gastric neoplasia, ESD appears to provide a safe and effective alternative to surgery with encouraging durability although our follow up time is short. Early recognition of lesions is essential to offer patients a minimally invasive curative intervention. With increasing use of high definition endoscopy more patients will become eligible for therapy. Long term durability remains to be seen. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Secondary prevention in 24 431 patients with coronary heart disease: survey in primary care
Authors: A J B Brady
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Prevention of further cardiovascular events in patients with established coronary heart disease is a priority for public health. 1Previous studies have addressed such issues and have showed that there is considerable room for improvement. 2-4The Healthwise survey was conducted in primary care throughout Britain to identify the prevalence of recorded coronary disease and to examine whether progress had been made in secondary preventive measures.Smoking, blood pressure, recording of cholesterol concentrations, and the specific use of the four lifesaving classes of cardiac drugs-aspirin, blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and statins-were studied.(Other lifestyle issues, such as dietary assessment and exercise, were variably noted in practice records and are not shown.)
<i>Roe</i> versus Reality — Abortion and Women's Health
Authors: Alexi A. Wright, Ingrid T. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with Dr. Kenneth Edelin on Abortion and Women's Health. (10:49)Download Interview with Dr. Watson Bowes on Abortion and Women's Health. (08:06)Download Sandra Jones was on her way to a Nebraska operating room to have an abscess drained when she learned that, once again, she had defied medical odds. Six months earlier, doctors had diagnosed breast cancer in the 31-year-old mother of two. Because her test results were positive for the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and she was at high risk for ovarian cancer and recurrent breast cancer, they had recommended bilateral mastectomy, chemotherapy, and a hysterectomy, but Jones (whose name has been changed to protect her privacy) was not ready to give up childbearing. Her doctors warned . . .
Contact Dermatitis Due to Methylprednisolone
Authors: Ralph J. Coskey
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We present the history of a patient who had contact dermatitis due to methylprednisolone acetate. We could not find any similar cases in the literature. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 25-year-old white man was seen on Dec 16, 1965, because of an eruption of one month's duration involving the left ring finger, right wrist, and the left axilla. The eruption in the axilla started after Right Guard deodorant had been applied to the area. The eruption on the finger was beneath the patient's ring and that on the wrist was beneath his watch. The patient had applied 0.25% methylprednisolone acetate with neomycin for one week without relief. Examination revealed a scaly, erythematous, lichenified eruption involving the left axilla and also the left ring finger and the right wrist. It was thought that the patient had contact dermatitis of the axilla from the deodorant and of the finger
Functional and Structural Vascular Remodeling in Elite Rowers Assessed by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Steffen E. Petersen, Frank Wiesmann, Lucy E. Hudsmith, Matthew D. Robson, Jane M. Francis, Joseph B. Selvanayagam, Stefan Neubauer, Keith M. Channon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
A role for immunotherapy: preventing macrophage anergy in the tumour environment
Authors: Androulla Elia, James Mapes, Thomas Knorpp, Manfred Schmolz, Eric Garcia, Thorsten Hagemann, Laura Rosa Brunet
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The tumour microenvironment is shaped by the interaction of tumour cells with a variety of “non” malignant cellular and acellular components. It is the secretion of cytokines, chemokines, metabolites and other mediators in the tumour stroma that shapes the natural evolution of
Dismal prognostic value of monosomal karyotype in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a GOELAMS study of 186 patients with unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities
Authors: Aurore Perrot, Isabelle Luquet, Arnaud Pigneux, Francine Mugneret, Jacques Delaunay, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Carole Barin, Jean-Yves Cahn, Philippe Guardiola, Chantal Himberlin, Christian Recher, Norbert Vey, Bruno Lioure, Mario Ojeda-Uribe, Nathalie Fegueux, Christian Berthou, Edouard Randriamalala, Marie C. Béné, Norbert Ifrah, Francis Witz
Journal: Blood (2011)
Interleukin 1 beta is localized in the cytoplasmic ground substance but is largely absent from the Golgi apparatus and plasma membranes of stimulated human monocytes.
Authors: I I Singer, S Scott, G L Hall, G Limjuco, J Chin, J A Schmidt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

The subcellular location of IL-1 beta was determined using a postsectioning immunoelectron microscopic method on ultrathin frozen sections of human monocytes stimulated with LPS. This methodology permits access of antibody probes to all sectioned intracellular compartments, and their visualization at high resolution. Staining was performed with a rabbit antibody that specifically recognized amino acids 197-215 in the 33-kD IL-1 beta precursor molecule, followed by affinity-purified goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to 10 nm colloidal gold particles. Approximately 90% of the IL-1 beta antigens were localized in the ground substance of the cytoplasm at 4 or 20 h after activation, when both intracellular and extracellular accumulation of IL-1 beta was well underway. No significant IL-1 beta staining was observed on the outer cell membrane, nor within the lumens of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Golgi apparatus, or secretory vesicles. In contrast, lysozyme was localized in the ER and dense secretory granules using these methods. Our results suggest that IL-1 beta is not anchored on the plasma membrane, and that its secretion occurs by a novel mechanism that does not use a secretory leader sequence, nor the classical secretory pathway involving the ER and Golgi apparatus.
EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF PNEUMOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA IN MICE BY THE INHALATION METHOD
Authors: Ernest G. Stillman, Arnold Branch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. Non-immune mice which are alcoholized and die of septicemia following exposure to a spray of virulent pneumococci rarely show any localization of infection in the lung. 2. Mice which have been partially immunized by previous inhalations of living or killed pneumococci and which while alcoholized are exposed to an atmosphere of virulent pneumococci often develop a pneumococcus lobar pneumonia. 3. Mice which have been rendered relatively immune to one type of pneumococcus may frequently develop lobar pneumonia after the inhalation of pneumococci of another type.
Rapid laboratory confirmation of Fabry's disease: a reminder
Authors: M. Lacour, B.D. Lake
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Rapid laboratory confirmation of Fabry's disease: a reminder Get access M. Lacour, M. Lacour Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.D. Lake B.D. Lake Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 133, Issue 2, 1 August 1995, Pages 339–340, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02651.x Published: 01 August 1995
Quantitative in vitro assessment of N-alkyl sulphate-induced cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Comparison with in vivo human irritation tests
Authors: K-P. WILHELM, M. SAMBLEBE, C-P. SIEGERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Quantitative in vitro assessment of N‐alkyl sulphate‐induced cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Comparison with in vivo human irritation tests Get access K‐P. WILHELM, K‐P. WILHELM Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D‐23538 Lübeck, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. SAMBLEBE, M. SAMBLEBE Institute of Toxicology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D‐23538 Lübeck, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐P. SIEGERS C‐P. SIEGERS Institute of Toxicology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D‐23538 Lübeck, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 1, 1 January 1994, Pages 18–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb06876.x Published: 01 January 1994 Article history Accepted: 02 July 1993 Published: 01 January 1994
An Androgen Receptor Regulatory Circuitry in Hepatitis B Virus–associated Hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Zhuo Yu, Yue-Qiu Gao, Hai Feng, Ying-Ying Lee, May S. Li, Yuan Tian, Minnie Y.Y. Go, Dae-Yeul Yu, Yue-Sun Cheung, Paul B.S. Lai, Jun Yu, Vincent W.S. Wong, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Henry L.Y. Chan, Alfred S.L. Cheng
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Hepatitis B virus precore protein augments genetic immunizations of the truncated hepatitis C virus core in BALB/c mice
Authors: Guoyang Liao, Yue Wang, Jinhai Chang, Tao Bian, Wenjie Tan, Mingbo Sun, Weidong Li, Huijuan Yang, Junying Chen, Xinwen Zhang, Shengli Bi, Masao Omata, Shude Jiang
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

DNA immunization has been used to induce either humoral or cellular immune responses against many antigens, including hepatitis C virus (HCV). In addition, DNA immunizations can be enhanced or modulated at the nucleotide level. Genetic immunizations were examined in BALB/c mice through the use of plasmids and chimeric DNA constructs encoding HCV core proteins and hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore (preC) regions. Plasmids encoding the truncated HCV core induced potent humoral and cellular responses to HCV; pcDNA3.0A-C154 produced a stronger antibody response than pcDNA3.0A-C191 ( P &lt; 0.01) and pcDNA3.0A-C69 ( P &lt; 0.05). HBV preC enhanced the humoral and cellular immune responses of BALB/c mice to HCV; however, pcDNA3.0A-C69preC resulted in a weak cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. In addition, the humoral and cellular immune responses to HCV of groups immunized with pcDNA3.0A-C154preC and pcDNA3.0A-C191preC plasmids were higher than those of groups immunized with pcDNA3.0A-C154 and pcDNA3.0A-C191. In vivo CTL responses verified that mice immunized with preC core fused DNAs showed significantly high specific lysis compared with mice immunized with HCV cores only ( P &lt; 0.01). In our study, pcDNA3.0A-C154preC led to the highest immune response among all DNA constructs. Conclusion : DNA that encodes truncated HCV core proteins may lead to increased immune responses in vivo , and these responses may be enhanced by HBV preC. (Hepatology 2007.)
<i>Taenia solium</i>Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Igor Mamkin, Nitesh Sood, Sundaram V. Ramanan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 73-year-old man, visiting the United States from Nepal, presented with multiple tonic–clonic seizures. CT showed a 1-cm lesion in the left frontal lobe. MRI was diagnostic of a neoplastic lesion.
High‐Throughput Delivery: A Diamond Nanoneedle Array for Potential High‐Throughput Intracellular Delivery (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 8/2013)
Authors: Xianfeng Chen, Guangyu Zhu, Yang Yang, Beilei Wang, Li Yan, Kenneth Yin Zhang, Kenneth Kam‐Wing Lo, Wenjun Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

On page 1103, X. Chen, G. Zhu, W. Zhang, and co-workers present a dense diamond nanoneedle array capable of rapidly and conveniently delivering fluorescent probes and drugs to a large number of cells. This simple approach paves the way for potential high-throughput intracellular delivery of a range of molecules.
Cancer Therapy: Vaginal Delivery of Paclitaxel via Nanoparticles with Non‐Mucoadhesive Surfaces Suppresses Cervical Tumor Growth (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2014)
Authors: Ming Yang, Tao Yu, Ying‐Ying Wang, Samuel K. Lai, Qi Zeng, Bolong Miao, Benjamin C. Tang, Brian W. Simons, Laura M. Ensign, Guanshu Liu, Kannie W.Y. Chan, Chih‐Yin Juang, Olcay Mert, Joseph Wood, Jie Fu, Michael T. McMahon, T.‐C. Wu, Chien‐Fu Hung, Justin Hanes
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Mucus-penetrating particles (MPP) efficiently bypass the sticky mucus layer in the female reproductive tract, whereas conventional nanoparticles (CP) are trapped and rapidly cleared. On page 1044, J. Hanes and team show how MPP achieve close proximity to mouse cervical tumors and provide sustained release of chemodrugs, resulting in superior efficacy compared to CP. The MPP platform may hold similar promise for local chemotherapy against tumors at other mucosal surfaces.
The role of patient training in the management of seasonal rhinitis and asthma: clinical implications
Authors: F. Gani, E. Pozzi, M. A. Crivellaro, G. Senna, M. Landi, C. Lombardi, G. W. Canonica, G. Passalacqua
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease often associated with bronchial asthma. Intranasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamines are the first‐choice drugs. Patient training is relevant to asthma management, but little is known about its impact on rhinitis. We evaluated the role of patient training in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and its effects on nasal and bronchial symptoms. Methods: One hundred and one patients (M/F=62/39, age range 12–62 years) with pollen‐induced rhinitis (32 with concomitant mild asthma) were enrolled. They were randomized into three groups: A ( n =30) with drug therapy alone, B ( n =35) with drug therapy plus training on the use of nasal spray, and C ( n =36) the same as B plus a lesson on rhinitis and asthma. All patients received mometasone furoate nasal spray for 8 weeks as regular therapy, plus rescue medications on demand. Symptoms and drug consumption were evaluated during the pollen season. Results: The rate of noncompliance/dropout was highest in the untrained patients ( P =0.001). No difference in nasal symptoms was seen among the three groups. On the other hand, group C had significantly fewer asthma symptoms ( P =0.02) and less albuterol use ( P =0.005) than group A. Moreover, the trained group globally used less rescue medication than the other groups ( P =0.02). Conclusions: Detailed training of patients seems to improve compliance with treatment, reduce concomitant asthma symptoms, and reduce the use of symptomatic drugs.
A prevalent C3 mutation in aHUS patients causes a direct C3 convertase gain of function
Authors: Lubka T. Roumenina, Marie Frimat, Elizabeth C. Miller, Francois Provot, Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey, Pauline Bordereau, Sylvain Bigot, Christophe Hue, Simon C. Satchell, Peter W. Mathieson, Christiane Mousson, Christian Noel, Catherine Sautes-Fridman, Lise Halbwachs-Mecarelli, John P. Atkinson, Arnaud Lionet, Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi
Journal: Blood (2012)