tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Age and infertility.
Authors: C P West
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Data from Western communities where no artificial methods are used to control fertility show a gradual decline in fertility with age that becomes steeper after age 40 years and approaches 0 by 49 years.  Increasing age of the male partner and reduced coital frequency may also influence this decline.  The authors of a recent review of the literature in this field have concluded that women who defer childbearing until their early 30s risk only a slight biological decline in their fecundity provided that they have avoided hazards of early sexual activity such as tubal disease.  Tubal disease however is not an important cause of infertility and there is no evidence that prolonged use of oral contraceptives has an adverse effect on fertility.  Of most concern is the idea that fertility is declining in both men and women because of environmental factors.  Such factors would predominantly affect older women because of the prolonged exposure of their oocytes to such influences but deteriorations in semen characteristics have also been reported.  In general the research suggests that advancing age is not a major factor in infertility and couples should not be excluded from investigation and treatment on the basis of age alone.
Finger systolic pressure: its use in screening for hypertension and monitoring.
Authors: A Close, G Hamilton, S Muriss
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A finger sphygmomanometer was compared with a mercury column sphygmomanometer for its ability to screen for hypertension. A total of 881 patients used each machine, both in initial screening and then for monitoring. The finger sphygmomanometer had a specificity of 98.5% in routine screening as compared with 97.6% for the mercury column device. Sensitivity of the finger device was 98.2%. These findings suggest that the finger sphygmomanometer using finger systolic pressure alone is adequate for screening and monitoring blood pressure.
Olivia Susan Crosthwaite
Authors: R. Azurdia
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Olivia Susan Crosthwaite (nee Turner) attended Edgbaston High School and later Cheltenham Ladies College, where she met her friend, Helen, whose brother, Arthur Hugh Tinley (Peter) Crosthwaite, she later married. She was inspired to study medicine by her mother, Olive Muriel Elgood (1879-1934), a doctor who was trained by the pioneer female surgeon Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) at the …
435 Serum concentration of hepatocyte growth factor is related to histological fibrosis stage in patients with hepatitis C virus chronic liver disease
Authors: E. Marín-Serrano, J.A. Girón-González, M. Tejada-Cabrera, C. Rodríguez-Ramos, E. Díaz-García, L. Martín-Herrera
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Outside-in signaling in the chondrocyte. Nitric oxide disrupts fibronectin-induced assembly of a subplasmalemmal actin/rho A/focal adhesion kinase signaling complex.
Authors: R M Clancy, J Rediske, X Tang, N Nijher, S Frenkel, M Philips, S B Abramson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Elevated levels of fibronectin (Fn) in articular cartilage have been linked to the progression of both rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. In this study, we examined intracellular events which follow ligation of Fn to its receptor, the integrin alpha5beta1. In addition, we examined the regulatory influence of nitric oxide on these events, since this free radical has been implicated in cartilage degradation. Exposure of chondrocytes to Fn-coated beads resulted in the circumferential clustering of the alpha5beta1 integrin receptor, which was accompanied by the subplasmalemmal assembly of a focal activation complex comprised of F-actin, the tyrosine kinase, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), the ras related G protein rho A, as well as tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. Treatment with exogenous nitric oxide (NO) or catabolic cytokines which induce nitric oxide synthase blocked the assembly of F-actin, FAK, rho A and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins while not affecting the total number of beads bound per cell nor the clustering of alpha5beta1 integrin. Use of a cGMP antagonist (Rp-8-Br cGMPS) or cGMP agonist (Sp-cGMPS) either abolished or mimicked the NO effect, respectively. Adherence of chondrocytes to fibronectin enhanced proteoglycan synthesis by twofold (vs. albumin). In addition, basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and insulin growth factor (IGF-1) induced proteoglycan synthesis in chondrocytes adherent to Fn but not albumin suggesting a costimulatory signal transduced by alpha5betal and the FGF receptor. Both constitutive and FGF stimulated proteoglycan synthesis were completely inhibited by nitric oxide. These data indicate that the ligation of alpha5beta1 in the chondrocyte induced the intracellular assembly of an activation complex comprised of the cytoplasmic tail of alpha5beta1 integrin, actin, and the signaling molecules rho A and FAK. We show that NO inhibits the assembly of the intracellular activation complex and the synthesis of proteoglycans, but has no effect on the extracellular aggregation of alpha5beta1 integrin. These observations provide a basis by which nitric oxide can interfere with chondrocyte functions by affecting chondrocyte-matrix interactions.
Protective effect of zinc on hepatic lipid peroxidation and fibrogenesis in CCL4-treated rats. A possible role for metallothioneins
Authors: J. Camps, C. Constantí, J. Folch, J. Paternain, A. Giménez, A. Parés, J. Caballería, L. Masana, J. Joven, J. Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ε is a potential retinoid target gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment
Authors: Dorothy J. Park, Alexey M. Chumakov, Peter T. Vuong, Doris Y. Chih, Adrian F. Gombart, Wilson H. Miller, H. Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

The CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ε (C/EBPε) is a nuclear transcription factor expressed predominantly in myeloid cells and implicated as a potential regulator of myeloid differentiation. We show that it was rapidly induced in the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4 during granulocytic differentiation after exposure to retinoic acid (RA). Our data suggest that induction of C/EBPε expression was through the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) pathway. Reporter gene studies showed that C/EBPε promoter/enhancer activity increased in a retinoid-dependent fashion via the retinoic acid response element (RARE) present in the promoter region of C/EBPε. The RA-induced expression of C/EBPε markedly increased in U937 myelomonoblasts that were induced to express promyelocytic leukemia/RARα (PML/RARα), but not in those induced to express promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger/RARα (PLZF/RARα). In retinoid-resistant APL cell lines, C/EBPε either is not induced or is induced only at very high concentrations of RA (≥10–6 M). In addition, forced expression of C/EBPε in the U937 myelomonoblastic leukemia cells mimicked terminal granulocytic differentiation, including morphologic changes, increased CD11b/CD66b expression, and induction of secondary granule protein expression. Our data strongly suggest that C/EBPε is a downstream target gene responsible for RA-induced granulocytic differentiation of APL cells.
Expression of the bumetanide-sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporter BSC2 is differentially regulated by fluid mechanical and inflammatory cytokine stimuli in vascular endothelium.
Authors: J N Topper, S M Wasserman, K R Anderson, J Cai, D Falb, M A Gimbrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

In vascular endothelium, the electroneutral Na-K-Cl cotransport system is thought to function in the maintenance of a selective permeability barrier in certain vascular beds (e.g., brain), as well as in the preservation of endothelial homeostasis in the face of fluctuating osmotic conditions that may accompany certain pathophysiological conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus). Here we demonstrate that the gene encoding the bumetanide-sensitive cotransporter BSC2, one of the two major isoforms of Na-K-Cl cotransporters present in mammalian cells, can be differentially regulated by inflammatory cytokines and fluid mechanical forces in cultured endothelium. Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha significantly upregulate expression of BSC2 mRNA and protein in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, a response that is inhibited by pretreatment with interferon-gamma. Steady laminar fluid shear stress, at a physiologic magnitude (10 dyn/cm2), is also able to induce and maintain elevated expression of BSC2 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, while a comparable time-averaged magnitude of turbulent fluid shear stress is not. In vivo, BSC2 mRNA is upregulated after intraperitoneal administration of bacterial endotoxin (LPS) in murine lung and kidney, but not in cardiac tissue. These results provide the first experimental evidence that the BSC2 gene can be selectively regulated by different inflammatory cytokine and fluid mechanical stimuli in endothelium, and support a role for BSC2 in vascular homeostasis and inflammation.
Letter: A health district courier service.
Authors: J Fry
Journal: BMJ (1975)

reports a study of vitamin D consumption in different Norwegian population groups, in particular persons who had qualified for a disability pension because of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, or degenerative joint disease.From his results Professor Linden concludes that a high in- take of vitamin D is a risk factor in the ocurrence of myocardial infarction and that 30 Mg a day is the critical level.'He found
Holes in the Jackson Hole Approach to Health Care Reform
Authors: Thomas Rice
Journal: JAMA (1993)

MANAGED competition is synonymous with market-oriented health care reform. Those who coined the phrase, the Jackson Hole Group,1have been identified, incorrectly, by theNew York Times2as the brain trust for the Clinton administration's reform proposal. Many medical industry groups have participated in developing the Jackson Hole version of managed competition, including major insurance companies, the American Medical Association, the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, and large health maintenance organizations (HMOs). About the only significant interest groups that have not expressed support for the concept are those representing consumers. In this article, we critically assess the Jackson Hole Group's proposal to control health spending and provide access to quality health care.  Boiled down to its fundamentals, the Jackson Hole approach to managed competition requires three major changes in the US health insurance system. First, regional health insurance purchasing cooperatives (HIPCs) are formed to manage the marketplace for health care
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF THE ASTHMA-ECZEMA-PRURIGO COMPLEX IN CHILDREN
Authors: C. H. ROGERSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1934)

Journal Article THE RÔLE OF PSYCHOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF THE ASTHMA‐ECZEMA‐PRURIGO COMPLEX IN CHILDREN Get access C. H. ROGERSON, M.D., M.R.C.P.Lond. C. H. ROGERSON, M.D., M.R.C.P.Lond. Sir Alfred Fripp Memorial Research Fellow in Child Psychology, Guy's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 46, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1934, Pages 368–378, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1934.tb09799.x Published: 01 August 1934
DYNAMIC QRS-WIDENING AND APPEARANCE OF EARLY REPOLARIZATION PATTERN PREDICT IMPENDING VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION IN EXPERIMENTAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Marina M. Demidova, Alba Martin-Yebra, Jesper van der Pals, Sasha Koul, David Erlinge, Pablo Laguna, Juan Pablo Martinez, Pyotr Platonov
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
P16.29 * POST-OPERATIVE DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING IDENTIFIES RESIDUAL INVASIVE TUMOR FOLLOWING MAXIMAL RESECTION OF GLIOBLASTOMAS AND PREDICTS LOCATION OF TUMOUR PROGRESSION
Authors: S. J. Price, J. Newberry-Le-Vay, D. Lobo, N. R. Boonzaier, V. Lupson, T. Larkin
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Although techniques such as 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) guided resections can increase extent of ‘maximal’ resections the invasive nature of glioblastomas makes total resections impossible and residual disease inevitable. Previous work decomposing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data into isotropic (p) and anisotropic (q) components identifies an abnormality that has been shown to be invasive tumor on biopsy. This study aims to identify the invasive residual tumor left behind after attempted maximal resection and see if this can predict areas of tumor progression. METHODS: 15 patients (mean age 55.2; 11 males) with glioblastomas were imaged both pre-operatively and within 72 hours of a 5-ALA guided resection. Imaging involved standard anatomical sequences (to assess the extent of resection) as well as a DTI. Maps of p and q were coregistered to the post-contrast T1-weighted axial images and abnormal areas of the q (gross tumor) and p (tumor and invasive margin) were delineated and the difference was taken as the invasive residual tumor. All patients were treated with radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy and followed up until progression or a minimum of one year. Contrast enhanced T1-weighted images of progressive disease were used to identify the pattern of recurrence. This recurrent disease was compared with the outlined invasive residual tumor from the post-operative DTI. RESULTS: Post-operative imaging within 72 hours of surgery identified a complete resection of the contrast-enhancing tumor (CRET) in 9 patients (60%). At the time of analysis 6 had progressed with a median time to progression of 444 days. The pattern of recurrence was within the DTI-defined invasive residual area in 5 of the 6 patients progressing (sensitivity 83%). In 3 cases the enhancing progressive tumor was >2cm from the edge of the resection cavity. Of the 6 patients undergoing partial resection of the enhancing tumor (PRET) 5 had progressed with a median time to progression of 258 days. In all cases progression occurred in the area of residual contrast enhancing disease. CONCLUSION: Imaging the residual invasive tumor using DTI can identify sites of tumor progression. These regions might be a target for further treatment options including extended resections, directing convection-enhanced delivery or radiotherapy planning. Progression at sites of residual contrast enhancement suggests we need to consider second-look surgery in selected patients.
Research and Medical Practice: Their Interaction
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Hard-core critics of bioscience often are ignorant of research procedures and of the utility of science in medical practice. Blind to the benefits of science, unaware of the many humane and cultural activities of the scientists, and unconcerned with precise evaluations of research projects or investigators, they cannot recognize fads or frivolities or distinguish these from the real bioscience. Before you argue with such critics again, have them read this agreeable book, study it yourself, and recommend it to everyone concerned with proper research. Twenty-eight contributors, mainly British but including six Americans, deal admirably with many subtle and recondite issues, while discussing three main topics: applied clinical research, basic biomedical research, and problems in medical care management. About half the 14 papers are excellent; the only tiresome parts are the discussion periods.  Bits or whole paragraphs are encouraging and quotable, as Dickinson's saying: One may justify the existence, encouragement and
Abstract 904: Obesity is an independent prognostic variable in colon cancer survivors
Authors: Frank A. Sinicrope, Nathan R. Foster, Daniel J. Sargent, Michael J. O'Connell, Cathyrn Rankin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. However, the influence of body mass index (BMI) upon the prognosis of colon cancer survivors and its relationship to gender remains unknown. Experimental Design: BMI (kg/m2) was categorized in patients with TNM stage II and III colon carcinomas (n= 4,381) enrolled in 7 randomized trials of 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association of BMI with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Among colon cancer patients, 868 (20%) were obese (BMI &amp;gt;30 kg/m2) of which 606 were class 1 (BMI 30-34 kg/m2) and 262 were class 2,3 (BMI &amp;gt;35 kg/m2). Obese versus normal-weight patients were more likely to be younger (p=0.038), have distal tumors (0.058), show intact DNA mismatch repair (MMR) (p=0.035), and have more lymph node metastases (p=0.017). In a multivariate analysis, BMI was significantly associated with both DFS (p=0.030) and OS (p=0.0017). Men with class 2,3 obesity showed reduced OS compared to normal weight men [HR 1.35 (1.02, 1.79); p=0.039]. Women with class I obesity had reduced OS [HR 1.24 (1.01, 1.53), p=0.045] compared to normal weight women. Overweight status was associated with improved OS in men (p= 0.006) and underweight women had significantly worse OS (p= 0.019). BMI was not predictive of therapeutic benefit. Conclusions: Obesity is an independent prognostic variable in colon cancer survivors and shows gender-related differences. These data suggest that obesity-related biological factors can influence clinical outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 904.
Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria enhance mucosal B cell responses and differentially modulate systemic antibody responses to an oral human rotavirus vaccine in a neonatal gnotobiotic pig disease model
Authors: Sukumar Kandasamy, Kuldeep S Chattha, Anastasia N Vlasova, Gireesh Rajashekara, Linda J Saif
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

B cells play a key role in generation of protective immunity against rotavirus infection, a major cause of gastroenteritis in children. Current RV vaccines are less effective in developing countries compared to developed countries. Commensals/probiotics influence mucosal immunity, but the role of early gut colonizing bacteria in modulating intestinal B cell responses to RV vaccines is largely unknown. We co-colonized neonatal gnotobiotic pigs, the only animal model susceptible to HRV diarrhea, with 2 dominant bacterial species present in the gut of breastfed infants, Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and Bifidobacterium animalis lactis Bb12 to evaluate their impact on B cell responses to an attenuated (Att) human rotavirus (HRV) Wa strain vaccine. Following HRV challenge, probiotic-colonized, AttHRV vaccinated piglets had significantly lower fecal scores and reduced HRV shedding titers compared to uncolonized, AttHRV vaccinated pigs. The reduction in HRV diarrhea was significantly correlated with higher intestinal IgA HRV antibody titers and intestinal HRV-specific IgA antibody secreting cell (ASC) numbers in probiotic-colonized, AttHRV vaccinated pigs compared to uncolonized, vaccinated pigs. The significantly higher small intestinal HRV IgA antibody responses coincided with higher IL-6, IL-10 and APRIL responses of ileal mononuclear cells (MNCs) and the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics genomic DNA on TGF-β and IL-10 responses. However, serum RV IgG antibody titers and total IgG titers were significantly lower in probiotic-colonized, AttHRV vaccinated pigs compared to uncolonized, vaccinated pigs, both pre- and post-challenge. In summary, LGG and Bb12 beneficially modulated intestinal B cell responses to HRV vaccine.
Secondary malignant neoplasms in patients with Hodgkin's disease
Authors: H. Neufeld
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Retrospective analysis of 232 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) treated at the University of Manitoba from Jan 1, 1965, to Dec 31, 1973, and followed up to 44.3 months disclosed five cases of secondary malignant neoplasms. Two cases of acute leukemia were discovered compared with an expected value of 0.05 in our community. All neoplasms developed in the mixed cellularity group, representing only 28% of the HD cases. Combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy may have increased the incidence of leukemia, but its frequency does not appear high enough to abandon combined modality treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2470-2471, 1978)
Modification of the baroreceptor control of atrio-ventricular conduction induced by digitalis in man
Authors: A. FERRARI, O. BONAZZI, L. GREGORINI, M. GARDUMI, R. PERONDI, G. MANCIA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Several studies in animals and in man have suggested that the inhibitory influence of baroreceptors on heart rate and peripheral circulation is enhanced by digitalis. Because the atrio-ventricular node represents a key site for the clinical action of digitalis we studied how baroreceptor control of atrio-ventricular conduction is modified by digitalis at therapeutical doses. In eight subjects heart rate was kept constant by atrial pacing to assess neural influences on atrio-ventricular conduction rate without the modifications caused by simultaneous changes in cardiac cycle length. Arterial baroreceptors were stimulated by increasing or reducing blood pressure (intra-arterial recording), via an iv bolus of phenylephrine or nitroglycerine. The baroreflex sensitivity was assessed in ms . mmHg-1 as the slope of the linear regressions relating the rise or fall in systolic blood pressure to the lengthening or shortening in St- (atrial stimulus artifact) Q interval (ECG recording). The study was performed before and 45 min after iv administration of digitalis (0.8 mg of Lanatoside C). Baroreflex sensitivity during baroreceptor stimulation was 2.9 +/- 1.1 ms . mmHg-1 (mean +/- SE) before digitalis, whereas after digitalis a significantly and markedly greater value of 5.6 +/- 1.5 ms . mmHg-1 was found. Baroreflex sensitivity during baroreceptor deactivation was 0.9 +/- 0.1 ms . mmHg-1 before digitalis, and was not significantly affected by the drug. Thus in man the baroreceptor control of atrio-ventricular conduction is strikingly potentiated by digitalis although this potentiation is only evident in the upper portion of the stimulus-response curve of the reflex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Systematic review of lipid lowering for primary prevention of coronary heart disease in diabetes
Authors: A. S Gami
Journal: BMJ (2003)

mortality was explained by the excess of suicides and deaths from malignant disease.Deaths due to malignancy were mainly linked to smoking, previously shown as common in our cohort. 5 Given the well documented link between psychiatric disorders and a desire for cosmetic surgery, the increased risk for death from suicide may reflect a greater prevalence of psychopathology rather than a causal association between implant surgery and suicide. 3 Surgeons evaluating candidates for breast implant surgery need to be vigilant for subtle signs of psychiatric problems.Contributors: VCMK, the principal investigator, discussed the core ideas, performed the record linkages, outlined and performed analyses, and wrote most of the paper.PHMP discussed the core ideas and participated in data interpretation and writing of the paper.FG participated in discussions about the core ideas, made suggestions about analyses, and helped VCMK with the practical analysis.DEG discussed the core ideas, the design of the study, the interpretation of the data, and writing of the paper.ON initiated the research, discussed the core ideas, formulated the primary study hypothesis, made suggestions about analyses and interpretation of the data, and supervised the writing.DEG and ON will act as
Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a wide range of WT1 expression levels, its impact on prognosis and minimal residual disease monitoring
Authors: L Boublikova, M Kalinova, J Ryan, F Quinn, A O'Marcaigh, O Smith, P Browne, J Stary, S R McCann, J Trka, M Lawler
Journal: Leukemia (2005)