tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract C40: Large-scale isolation of prostate cancer cells by combining leukapheresis and elutriation with chemoaffinity capture
Authors: Lisa Y. Wu, Dana E. Abernathy, TianCheng Liu, Bernard J. Van Wie, William C. Davis, Clifford E. Berkman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood are shed from either the primary tumor or its metastases. These disseminated CTCs are directly responsible for the most cancer deaths and the major cause of prostate cancer-related mortality. Therefore, the earlier detection of CTCs and the ability to remove CTCs from circulation could result in more positive patient outcomes. However, capturing low abundant CTCs from peripheral blood remains a challenge. The cell-surface enzyme prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important biomarker in prostate cancer research. Its upregulation on prostate tumor cells has attracted significant attention as a target for imaging and therapeutic agents. We recently developed a technology to enrich CTCs from a large blood volume by combining apheresis and elutriation technologies with a CTC selection technology based on immobilized high-affinity irreversible PSMA inhibitor. The commercial centrifugal apheresis and elutriation processes can concentrate PCTCs from large blood volumes in a standard elutriator. In this presentation, we will describe a selective and sensitive methodology to enrich, capture, and quantify metastatic prostate cancer cells. Citation Format: Lisa Y. Wu, Dana E. Abernathy, TianCheng Liu, Bernard J. Van Wie, William C. Davis, Clifford E. Berkman. Large-scale isolation of prostate cancer cells by combining leukapheresis and elutriation with chemoaffinity capture [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C40.
Listening in on the Duke University Private Sector Conference
Authors: J K Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Almost every year, a Private Sector Conference is held at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina. This gathering brings together a group of physicians who direct academic health centers, professional associations, and medical journals, together with selected managed-care executives, health policy analysts, and other stakeholders in health care. This year's conference, the 20th of its type, was held March 16 to 18 and was entitled “Beyond Managed Health Care: The Role of the Academic Health Center.” It concluded that the competition inherent in the new market-driven system has only begun to squeeze the excess capacity of providers, reduce . . .
Dry Method of Treating Wounds, or Antiseptic Surgery a Myth.
Authors: A. C. Simonton
Journal: JAMA (1890)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —With your permission I would like to make a brief reply to my friend Dr. Miller, of Helena, Mont., who along with a few other brave souls, has planted himself in front of the flood of antisepticism that is sweeping around the world, and proposes to turn back the tide and wipe out with a few strokes of the pen the supposed scientific labors of Pasteur, Koch, Lister and all that genus. Listerism—antisepticism, is reduced, according to his estimation, to a piece of common<i>Castile soap</i>, a basin of<i>slough water</i>, a<i>common kitchen towel</i>, dried in the air simply, and a bunch of<i>absorbent cotton!</i>If this is not what he means, then what does he mean? Does he insist that the towel shall be ironed out with a very hot iron just before use, or that the water shall be boiled for ablution purposes? It
Confidentiality for doctors with AIDS. Official sources maintained confidentiality.
Authors: J A Emslie, P Christie
Journal: BMJ (1993)

should be planned by the Department of Health and not left to the whims of the market and various empire builders.Only when 12-14 large paediatric intensive care units (with 14-16 beds) provide the service-appropriately sited around Britain in association with the other major paediatric subspecialties-will critically ill children get a better deal.
Epileptogenic Side Effects of Psychotropic Drugs-Reply
Authors: Turan M. Itil
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  The valuable remarks of Dr Glickman deserve a proper answer.  According to the overall literature, it is indeed true that neuroleptics with more sedative properties, such as aliphatic and piperidyl phenothiazines were reported to produce more clinical epileptic seizures and abnormal EEG findings than those with the less sedative phenothiazines, such as the piperazine neuroleptics. However, according to our survey there are few publications reporting  properties of thioridazine. Therefore, despite our general statement, we could not include thioridazine in the group of sedative neuroleptics that were reported as having frequent epileptogenic properties.  The question as to which antipsychotic to prescribe for an epileptic patient with psychosis cannot easily be answered. Among others, we will definitely suggest that an EEG recording be done and that the types of epileptic seizures be clinically and as clearly identified by EEG findings as possible. In epileptic patients where paroxysmal discharges (particularly
"Explosive" Outbreak of Haemolytic Streptococcal Tonsillitis
Authors: T. S. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1944)

of an article by Bloomfield and Rantz.This described an outbreak of streptococcal sore throat in an American Army camp.The following description of an epidemic which occurred on an R.A.F.station may prove of value.It will be seen to be similar in many respects, but it presents some interesting points of comparison. Incidence of CasesThe outbreak occurred in Nov., 1942, and of a total camp personnel of 14 officers and 351 airmrren, 89 airmen were affected.The "explosive " nature of the epidemic is indicated by the daily incidence of fresh cases, which was as follows: I st day .45th day. 5 2nd
Midtrimester abortion. Intra-amniotic instillation of hyperosmolar urea and prostaglandin F2 alpha v dilatation and evacuation
Authors: M. E. Kafrissen
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Although dilatation and evacuation (D&amp;E) is currently the most common method of midtrimester abortion in the United States, the intra-amniotic instillation of hyperosmolar urea and prostaglandin F<sub>2α</sub>combined (U-P) has been proposed as a safer technique. To evaluate the comparative safety of U-P and D&amp;E, we analyzed 2,805 U-P and 9,572 D&amp;E abortions at 13 to 24 menstrual weeks' gestation. The U-P procedure resulted in significantly more serious complications than D&amp;E (1.03 v 0.49 per 100 abortions). After adjusting for patient age, race, parity, follow-up information, and preexisting conditions, the relative risk of serious complications associated with U-P was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.1). This advantage for D&amp;E stems from its applicability to the 13- to 16-week interval. Although D&amp;E appears to be safer overall in the midtrimester, for women obtaining abortion after 16 weeks, the rates of serious complications were comparable, with a relative risk of 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 2.5). (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:916-919)
Robin Francis McNab Jones
Authors: A. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Robin McNab Jones moved to Manchester as a child and was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Dulwich College. He graduated from Barts in 1945 and served in the Royal Air Force until 1950, when he married his wife, Mary. He entered his chosen specialty in 1952, completing his training in London, following which he moved to Manchester as a senior lecturer in 1959, returning to Barts as a consultant in 1961. He retired in 1987.

Robin was a …
Overexpression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in mouse liver lowers blood glucose by suppressing hepatic glucose production
Authors: Chaodong Wu, David A. Okar, Christopher B. Newgard, Alex J. Lange
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Hepatic 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase is an important regulatory enzyme of glucose metabolism. By controlling the level of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, an allosteric activator of the glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and an inhibitor of the gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase regulates hepatic glucose output. We studied the effects of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of this enzyme on hepatic glucose metabolism in normal or diabetic mice. These animals were treated with virus encoding either wild-type or bisphosphatase activity-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase. Seven days after virus injection, hepatic fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels increased significantly in both normal and diabetic mice, with larger increases observed in animals with overexpression of the mutant enzyme. Blood glucose levels in normal mice overexpressing either enzyme were lowered, accompanied by increased plasma lactate, triglycerides, and FFAs. Blood glucose levels were markedly reduced in diabetic mice overexpressing the wild-type enzyme, and still more so in mice overexpressing the mutant form of the enzyme. The lower blood glucose levels in diabetic mice were accompanied by partially normalized plasma triglycerides and FFAs, increased plasma lactate, and increased liver glycogen levels, relative to diabetic mice treated with a control adenovirus. Our findings underscore the critical role played by hepatic 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in control of fuel homeostasis and suggest that this enzyme may be considered as a therapeutic target in diabetes.
Chromosomal integration of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: a unique opportunity for the understanding of their relation
Authors: V. Descamps, L. Mardivirin, S. Ranger-Rogez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Chromosomal integration of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: a unique opportunity for the understanding of their relation Get access V. Descamps, V. Descamps Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France E‐mail:vincent.descamps@bch.ap‐hop‐paris.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Mardivirin, L. Mardivirin Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Ranger‐Rogez S. Ranger‐Rogez Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 3, 1 September 2008, Page 759, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08738.x Published: 01 September 2008
Human myocardial histologic characteristics in congestive heart failure.
Authors: D V Unverferth, J K Fetters, B J Unverferth, C V Leier, R D Magorien, A R Arn, P B Baker
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The purpose of this study was to identify the histologic characteristics of human myocardium in congestive heart failure (CHF) by cellular hypertrophy, nuclear area, endocardial thickness, and percentage of fibrosis and to correlate histologic findings to cause, severity, and duration of disease. Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies from 109 patients were quantitatively analyzed. Ten patients with normal cardiac history, physical examination results, and cardiac function served as the control group. The remaining patients were divided into the following groups: those treated with doxorubicin (n = 18), and those with chest pain with normal coronary arteries (n = 8), familial CHF (n = 3), CHF associated with myotonic dystrophy (n = 3), peripartal CHF (n = 2), valvular CHF (n = 9), alcohol-induced CHF (n = 13), postviral CHF (n = 6), or idiopathic CHF (n = 36). Linear regression analyses showed a strong correlation between cell diameter and nuclear area (r = .70, p less than .001) and weaker correlations between amount of fibrosis and cell diameter (r = .30, p less than .005) and fibrosis and nuclear area (r = .29, p less than .005). Results of function studies and histologic measurements (e.g., echocardiographically measured change in the minor-axis dimension of the left ventricle with systole and cell diameter) correlated poorly (r = -.33, p less than .005). Duration of dyspnea did not correlate with any histologic factor. Within the normal group there was a direct correlation of cell diameter with age (r = .67, p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cardiac Arrest
Authors: L. Newton Turk, William W. L. Glenn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN recent years the challenging problem of cardiac resuscitation has become increasingly important, and there is a need for better appreciation of the methods and indications for cardiac resuscitation. The purpose of this paper is to report our experience at the Grace-New Haven Community Hospital with cardiac resuscitation during a five-year period from December, 1948, to January, 1954. Major emphasis is placed on the need for prompt recognition of cardiac arrest and on the other hand, the futility of cardiac resuscitation when other conditions incompatible with life already exist.The problem of an abrupt arrest of cardiac function is by . . .
Cigarette advertising and onset of smoking in children: questionnaire survey
Authors: D. While, S. Kelly, W. Huang, A. Charlton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To investigate uptake of smoking in a cohort of 11 to 12 year olds related to awareness of advertised cigarette brands named. <b>Design</b>: Self completed questionnaires administered to whole classes of schoolchildren in June 1993 and June 1994. <b>Setting</b>: Primary, middle, and secondary schools in the north and south of England. <b>Subjects</b>: 1450 pupils aged 11 and 12 years at the time of the first survey. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Onset of smoking and brands smoked by the second survey related to cigarette brands named in the first one. Less advertised brands were used as the base for calculating odds ratios. <b>Results</b>: Girls who named the most advertised brands—namely, Benson and Hedges alone (odds ratio = 2.50, 95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 5.30) or Benson and Hedges and Silk Cut (2.15, 1.04 to 4.42) in the first survey were at greatest risk of taking up smoking by the second one. The difference was similar but not significant for boys. Boys and girls who named the least advertised brands in the first survey were at no greater risk of taking up smoking by the second survey than those who named no brands (boys odds ratio = 0.49 (0.24 to 1.01); girls 0.79 (0.38 to 1.62)). New smokers were more likely to smoke any available brand (29.5%) or a less advertised brand such as Embassy (24.6%) than the most advertised ones, Benson and Hedges (19.7%) and Silk Cut (14.8%). Established smokers were more selective, only 15% smoking any available brand and 38.3% smoking Benson and Hedges. <b>Conclusions</b>: Cigarette advertising appears to increase children9s awareness of smoking at a generic level and encourages them to take up the behaviour, beginning with any cigarettes which are available and affordable.
INFLAMMATION OF THE UVEAL TRACT, CONSIDERED IN ITS ANATOMIC RELATIONS.
Authors: J. WHITEFIELD SMITH
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The choroid, ciliary body and iris, taken together, form the middle tunic of the eye, and is called the uvea or uveal tract. This may be considered embryologically and histologically, as forming a continuous membrane. If we remove the conjunctiva, sclera and cornea from the globe of the eye, and evacuate its contents—the aqueous humor, lens, lens capsule, vitreous humor, and detach the retina from the choroid— we shall have left, depending upon the optic nerve, the uvea. It gets its name from its fancied resemblance to a grape hanging upon a vine (uva). The microscopic anatomy presents a striking similarity throughout its entire structure. There are, however, some variations, which may be noticed before considering the inflammation in its respsctive portions. Beginning with the choroid<i>in situ</i>, we find that it comprises the posterior section of the uvea, extending from the aperture of the optic nerve to the ora
Necrotising fasciitis due to streptococcus pyogenes.
Authors: D Seal, B Leppard, J Widdowson, J McGill, P Tormey
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Case 4-A 56-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver had an oesophageal transection with the EEA staple gun for oesophageal varices.A day later a radiograph showed a complete staple ring and a barium swallow confirmed no oesophageal leakage.Further radiographs showed an enlarging break in the staple ring.He was discharged on the 14th day but was readmitted three days later with further bleeding, which was due to a varix
Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Thrombolysis With Intravenous Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Shadi Yaghi, Andrew Eisenberger, Joshua Z. Willey
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Intravenous thrombolysis remains the mainstay treatment for acute ischemic stroke. One of the most feared complications of the treatment is thrombolysis-related symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), which occurs in nearly 6% of patients and carries close to 50% mortality. The treatment options for sICH are based on small case series and expert opinion, and the efficacy of recommended treatments is not well known.To provide an overview on the rationale and mechanism of action of potential treatments for sICH that may reverse the coagulopathy before hematoma expansion occurs.Evidence-based peer-reviewed articles, including randomized trials, case series and reports, and retrospective reviews, were identified in a PubMed search on the mechanism of action of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and the rationale of various potential treatments using the coagulation cascade as a model. The search encompassed articles published from January 1, 1990, through February 28, 2014.The current treatments may not be sufficient to reverse coagulopathy early enough to prevent hematoma expansion and improve the outcome of thrombolysis-related hemorrhage.Given the mechanism of action of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, clinical studies could include agents with a fast onset of action, such as prothrombin complex concentrate, recombinant factor VIIa, and ε-aminocaproic acid, as potential therapeutic options.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Nursery-Derived Staphylococcal Disease
Authors: Reimert T. Ravenholt, Priscilla Wright, Marie Mulhern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

SUBSTANTIAL knowledge of the epidemiology of staphylococcal disease among newborn infants and their mothers was gained from earlier investigations in Seattle1 , 2 and elsewhere.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 It had been determined that hospital nurseries were the usual source of infection for infants, and that infected, nursing infants were the usual source of maternal infection. However, knowledge of the community-wide distribution of staphylococcal disease was limited, and various investigators were not in accord on which measures were most practical and effective for the prevention of this disease.7 , 14 , 15 An earlier study1 had demonstrated that morbidity histories, obtained directly by telephone from mothers during their second post-partum . . .
NOTES ON SPERMINE.Read at the Chicago Medical Society, Sept. 17, 1894.
Authors: G. KREIGER
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Last April I had occasion to exhibit before you a patient previously suffering from a severe form of chorea, who recovered completely and permanently after six injections of spermine. Since then I have had an opportunity to see the efficacy of this treatment in a similar case still more pronounced than in the one exhibited. The patient who now stands before you is a boy, 6 years of age, who has since the last two years been suffering from chorea. During this time he was under treatment of several physicians who applied the common remedies and electricity without success. Last May the boy was brought to Dr. Bettmann for examination of his eyes. Dr. Bettmann, who will report more definitely, prescribed suitable glasses. Two months later the Doctor referred the case to me for a treatment with spermine injections. When I first saw the boy, his fingers and muscles of
UK surgeon takes name off medical register before scheduled case review
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A Scottish orthopaedic surgeon who was allowed to continue working under certain specified conditions after bungling spinal operations has voluntarily taken his name off the medical register, relinquishing his right to practise in the United Kingdom.

Colin Campbell Mainds, 57, left several patients at Glasgow’s private Ross Hall Hospital with lasting pain and disability. In May 2013 the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service found misconduct in the care of nine people.1

Seven of the nine people were NHS patients sent to Ross Hall …
Cerebrovascular degradation of TRKB by MMP9 in the diabetic brain
Authors: Deepti Navaratna, Xiang Fan, Wendy Leung, Josephine Lok, Shuzhen Guo, Changhong Xing, Xiaoying Wang, Eng H. Lo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Diabetes elevates the risk for neurological diseases, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is secreted by microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) in the brain, functioning as a neuroprotectant through the activation of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor TRKB. In a rat model of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia, we found that endothelial activation of MMP9 altered TRKB-dependent trophic pathways by degrading TRKB in neurons. Treatment of brain microvascular ECs with advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), a metabolite commonly elevated in diabetic patients, increased MMP9 activation, similar to in vivo findings. Recombinant human MMP9 degraded the TRKB ectodomain in primary neuronal cultures, suggesting that TRKB could be a substrate for MMP9 proteolysis. Consequently, AGE-conditioned endothelial media with elevated MMP9 activity degraded the TRKB ectodomain and simultaneously disrupted the ability of endothelium to protect neurons against hypoxic injury. Our findings demonstrate that neuronal TRKB trophic function is ablated by MMP9-mediated degradation in the diabetic brain, disrupting cerebrovascular trophic coupling and leaving the brain vulnerable to injury.
219 IDENTIFICATION OF CANCER STEM CELLS IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR AND CHOLANGIOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: E. Grandini, S. Lorenzini, M. Masetti, E. Loggi, A. Martello Panno, L. Testa, E. Jovine, S.J. Forbes, M. Bernardi, P. Andreone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
The plastic fetal pituitary
Authors: Drew V. Tortoriello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

A chronically adverse intrauterine environment can foster a fetal hypercortisolemia that persists after stressful conditions are removed and well after a transient, stress-associated elevation in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has passed (1, 2). This observation, among others, strongly suggests that chronic intrauterine stress can reprogram the fetal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. As Butler and colleagues show in this issue of the JCI (3), the development of a phenotypically novel cellular subpopulation within the pituitary may explain, at least in part, this profound and long-lasting change in the endocrine environment. Butler et al. demonstrate here that the fetal ovine pituitary possesses a developmental malleability that allows a remodeling of its corticotroph population. The particular alterations seen depend upon the stage of fetal life during which stressful stimuli are experienced, but some persist late into gestation and may well be permanent.