tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Internalization of physical laws as revealed by the study of action instead of perception
Authors: Francesco Lacquaniti, Mirka Zago
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

We review studies on catching that reveal internalization of physics for action control. In catching free-falling balls, an internal model of gravity is used by the brain to time anticipatory muscle activation, modulation of reflex responses, and tuning of limb impedance. An internal model of the expected momentum of the ball at impact is used to scale the amplitude of anticipatory muscle activity. [Barlow; Hecht; Shepard]
Rationalisation of regimens of treatment of kala-azar with sodium stibogluconate in India: a randomised study
Authors: C P Thakur, M Kumar, P Kumar, B N Mishra, A K Pandey
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The efficacy and safety of six regimens of treatment for kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) with sodium stibogluconate were evaluated in a prospective randomised study to ascertain the optimal treatment for Indian patients. Altogether 371 patients with kala-azar were randomised to receive sodium stibogluconate intramuscularly at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day for 20 or 40 days (groups A and A1, respectively), 15 mg/kg body weight/day for 20 or 40 days (groups B and B1, respectively), or 20 mg/kg body weight/day for 20 or 40 days (groups C and C1, respectively). Patients were examined blind before and at the end of treatment and every month for six months. The number of patients who were apparently cured—that is, those whose temperature had returned to normal at the end of their regimen of treatment—was 45 (78%) in group A, 53 (87%) in group A1, 50 (81%) in group B, 60 (95%) in group B1, 58 (92%) in group C, and 62 (97%) in group C1. At six months 62 patients (97%) in group C1, 51 (81%) in group C, 54 (86%) in group B1, 42 (68%) in group B, 45 (74%) in group A1, and 33 (57%) in group A had not relapsed and were cured as confirmed by a bone marrow aspirate free of parasites. The differences between groups C1 and C, B1 and B, and A1 and A were significant. Logistic regression of the proportion cured with the dose and length of treatment showed that both factors were significant in improving the rate of cure; the highest dose for the longer time (group C1) had the best rate of cure. One patient in group C1, 12 in group C, nine in group B1, 18 in group B, 15 in group A1, and 23 in group A were cured with extended courses of 20 mg sodium stibogluconate. One patient in each of groups C1, B, A1, and A became unresponsive to antimony and were cured with pentamidine. One patient in each of groups C1, B, and A became unresponsive to both antimony and pentamidine. The patients tolerated the longer duration of treatment safely, and side effects were minor. Sodium stibogluconate should be given intramuscularly in the dosage of 20 mg/kg for at least 40 days, when patients should be assessed for further treatment if necessary. Such a regimen should achieve the highest rate of cure with low toxicity and low rates of relapse and unresponsiveness.
Reactive oxygen intermediates contribute to necrotic and apoptotic neuronal injury in an infant rat model of bacterial meningitis due to group B streptococci.
Authors: S L Leib, Y S Kim, L L Chow, R A Sheldon, M G Täuber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) contribute to neuronal injury in cerebral ischemia and trauma. In this study we explored the role of ROI in bacterial meningitis. Meningitis caused by group B streptococci in infant rats led to two distinct forms of neuronal injury, areas of necrosis in the cortex and neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the latter showing evidence for apoptosis. Staining of brain sections with diaminobenzidine after perfusion with manganese buffer and measurement of lipid peroxidation products in brain homogenates both provided evidence that meningitis led to the generation of ROI. Treatment with the radical scavenger alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) (100 mg/kg q8h i.p.) beginning at the time of infection completely abolished ROI detection and the increase in lipidperoxidation. Cerebral cortical perfusion was reduced in animals with meningitis to 37.5+/-21.0% of uninfected controls (P < 0.05), and PBN restored cortical perfusion to 72.0+/-8.1% of controls (P < 0.05 vs meningitis). PBN also completely prevented neuronal injury in the cortex and hippocampus, when started at the time of infection (P < 0.02), and significantly reduced both forms of injury, when started 18 h after infection together with antibiotics (P < 0.004 for cortex and P < 0.001 for hippocampus). These data indicate that the generation of ROI is a major contributor to cerebral ischemia and necrotic and apoptotic neuronal injury in this model of neonatal meningitis.
Selective malabsorption and the origin of mono-rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: D C Perlman, N Salomon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"Selective malabsorption and the origin of mono-rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 154(4), p. 1213
STUDIES ON THE BACTERIOPHAGE OF D'HERELLE
Authors: Jacques J. Bronfenbrenner, Charles Korb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

The lytic principle concerned in the phenomenon of transmissible lysis is not volatile. The results which have been taken to indicate volatility are, in our opinion, to be attributed to the transfer to the distillate of minute droplets of the original active filtrate.
New Regulatory Paradigms for Innovative Drugs to Treat Pediatric Diseases
Authors: Thomas J. Hwang, Florence T. Bourgeois
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Increasing prevalence of obesity in primary school children: cohort study
Authors: M. C J Rudolf
Journal: BMJ (2001)

underlying obstetric complications and therefore reflects the additional risk of the procedure itself.The ratio of severe maternal morbidity to mortality has been suggested as a possible new indicator of quality of maternal care.While this approach could be useful in allowing comparisons between different centres, interventions, and approaches to care, it is important that this does not result in league tables that fail to take account of differences in the risk profile of the populations served.This paper moves forward from an evaluation of obstetric care purely in terms of mortality and admissions to intensive care.We will undoubtedly see refinements to the definitions and more innovative approaches to the ascertainment of difficult outcomes such as thromboembolic disease and amniotic fluid embolism.It provides a useful template on which to plan comparative studies in other populations with the potential to focus on issues relating to health inequality, place of birth, mode of delivery, and the effectiveness of practice guidelines.
Microspectrophotometric DNA analysis in ulcerative colitis with special reference to its application in diagnosis of carcinoma and dysplasia.
Authors: K Suzuki, T Muto, T Masaki, Y Morioka
Journal: Gut (1990)

The deoxyribonucleic (DNA) content was measured by microspectrophotometry in 100 specimens from 60 patients with ulcerative colitis, including six patients in whom the colitis was associated with carcinoma. Some 23 of 30 (77%) specimens of dysplastic tissue showed aneuploidy or polyploidy, whereas 50 of 53 (94%) specimens of non-dysplastic tissue showed diploidy. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Polyploidy was often observed in non-dysplastic mucosa from patients who had carcinoma or dysplasia. In the non-dysplastic patients all samples of inflamed tissue showed diploidy. Some 10% of samples without inflammation, however, also showed polyploidy. A good correlation was found between the frequency of polyploid cells and the grade of dysplasia. Microspectrophotometric measurement of DNA content proved useful in the assessment and diagnosis of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis and could be considered for screening high risk patients.
THE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE CONTENT OF GUINEA-PIG SKIN STORED AT — 196Co
Authors: S. A. CARNEY, M. HALL, C. R. RICKETTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Storage of guinea‐pig ear skin at —196°C causes damage such that the ATP content of the skin falls very rapidly on thawing. The fall in ATP content on thawing can be arrested by placing the skin on serum medium at 37°C. Cryoprotective treatment before freezing and incubation after thawing on a strongly buffered Krebs/Ringer phosphate medium containing glucose and glycerol also minimizes ATP loss.The implications of these findings are discussed.
Cardiac arrhythmias on 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography in older women and men: The cardiovascular health study
Authors: Teri A. Manolio, Curt D. Furberg, Pentti M. Rautaharju, David Siscovick, Anne B. Newman, Nemat O. Borhani, Julius M. Gardin, Bernard Tabatznik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

Objective. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of cardiac arrhythmias in older persons. Background. Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent in selected samples of elderly persons, but their prevalence and association with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors not been examined in a large population-based sample. Methods. In 1,372 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based study of cardiovascular disease risk factors, 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography was performed. Results. Serious arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia and complete atrioventricular block, were uncommom, but brief episodes of ventricular tachycardia (≥3 consecutive ventricular depolarizations) were detected in 4.3% of women and 10.3% of men. Ventricular arrhythmias as a group (excluding ectopic beats < 15/h) were more common in men in women but were not significantly associated with age. The same patterns were true for bradycardia/conduction blocks. Supraventricular arrhythmias as a group (excluding ectopic beats < 15/h), in contrast, did not differ by gender but were strongly associated with increased age. Multivariate analyses showed associations with arrhythmias to differ by gender, with only one association (increased age and supraventricular arrhythmias) present in both women and men. Ventricular arrhythmias, particularly in men, were associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors and with subclinical disease, as measured by increased left ventricular mass and impaired left ventricular function. Conclusion. Arrhythmias are common in the elderly, and their association with cardiovascular disease differs by gender, Although risk related to arrhythmias can only be determined by prospective study, such studies should have adequate power to examine potential gender differences in associations.
Polycythemia vera. The in vitro response of normal and abnormal stem cell lines to erythropoietin.
Authors: J F Prchal, J W Adamson, S Murphy, L Steinmann, P J Fialkow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Bone marrow cells from two glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) heterozygotes with polycythemia vera were cultured to determine whether progenitors which wre not of the polycythemia vera clone were present, and, if present, which cell lines contributed to the increase in erythroid colonies observed in response to added erythropoietin (ESF). To accomplish this, the G-6-PD isoenzyme activity of individual erythroid colonies was determined. All of the erythroid colonies analyzed in cultures without added ESF, contained the G-6-PD isoenzyme type characteristic of the abnormal clone. With higher ESF concentrations in the culture, however, there was an increase in the colonies that were not of the polycythemia vera clone. Analysis of the ratio of the various types of colonies indicated that normal and polycythemia vera cells are capable of responding to ESF in vitro. In selected patients, this technique permits analysis of the ratios of normal to abnormal cells during the course of the disease, in response to therapy and during late complications, such as myelofibrosis or leukemic transformation.
Ebstein's Anomaly in a Woman Athlete
Authors: Albert H. Douglas
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A 20-year-old woman with Ebstein's anomaly was participating in competitive athletics at college. An electrocardiogram would have provided an obvious clue to the existence of cardiac disease, had it been taken. A plea is made for routine electrocardiography as part of the standard examination of all candidates for competitive athletics, regardless of age.
Points from letters: Mothering and disease
Authors: R S Gillen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Government's spokesmen, including the Prime Minister, admit that the counter-inflation policy of 1975-6 was unjust to certain members of the community, including consultants on the incremental scale.They argue, however, that the steps were necessary in the national interest.The professions' negotiators did not 'acquiesce' in the imposition of this counterinflation policy, but vigorously opposed it- and succeeded in securing the modification for 1976-7 which has allowed the incremental scales to be reactivated.The withholding of contractual increments (and distinction awards) which has in effect meant for some consultants a 12-month wait for what they were entitled to was secured by the Remuneration, Charges, and Grants Act 1975-which rapidly went through Parliament without opposition and specifically allows employing authorities to breach contracts in this respect."-ED, BMJ. Keeping tabs on trainers
The Portman Group does not represent alcohol industry
Authors: Jean Coussins
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I write with reference to Mayor's news item on a researcher, Robin Room, objecting to a representative from the drinks industry sitting on an alcohol research body.1 Room should check his facts before jumping to conclusions. Here are some facts.

Firstly, the Portman Group is not a trade association or lobby group. It does …
Abnormal Adrenergic and Cholinergic Sensitivity in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Pamela B. Davis, James R. Shelhamer, Michael Kaliner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

THE organ systems most clearly affected by cystic fibrosis are regulated in part by the autonomic nervous system. Abnormal autonomic regulation may contribute to the clinical spectrum of cystic fibrosis.1 , 2 Previous studies have suggested that alpha-adrenergic regulation may be abnormal in the pupils,3 , 4 that beta-adrenergic responses are abnormal in leukocytes,5 and that responses to cholinergic agents may be disordered in the submaxillary gland6 and bronchial smooth muscle.7 , 8 Thus, abnormalities in all three components of the autonomic nervous system may coexist in cystic fibrosis. One possible explanation for these observations is altered responsiveness of the end organs. To assess this possibility, . . .
Cyclin G1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition via phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling facilitates liver cancer progression
Authors: Wen Wen, Jin Ding, Wen Sun, Jing Fu, Yao Chen, Kun Wu, Beifang Ning, Tao Han, Lei Huang, Cheng Chen, Dong Xie, Zhong Li, Gensheng Feng, Mengchao Wu, Weifen Xie, Hongyang Wang
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Cyclin G1 deficiency is associated with reduced incidence of carcinogen-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its function in HCC progression remains obscure. We report a critical role of cyclin G1 in HCC metastasis. Elevated expression of cyclin G1 was detected in HCCs (60.6%), and its expression levels were even higher in portal vein tumor thrombus. Clinicopathological analysis revealed a close correlation of cyclin G1 expression with distant metastasis and poor prognosis of HCC. Forced expression of cyclin G1 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Cyclin G1 overexpression enhanced Akt activation through interaction with p85 (regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI3K]), which led to subsequent phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and stabilization of Snail, a critical EMT mediator. These results suggest that elevated cyclin G1 facilitates HCC metastasis by promoting EMT via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/Snail-dependent pathway. Consistently, we have observed a significant correlation between cyclin G1 expression and p-Akt levels in a cohort of HCC patients, and found that combination of these two parameters is a more powerful predictor of poor prognosis.Cyclin G1 plays a pivotal role in HCC metastasis and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Infant-scalp Vein Needles
Authors: H. F. Nagamia
Journal: BMJ (1967)

A Matter of Principle SIR,-The recent Conference of Local Medical Committees (24 June, Supplement, p. 177) has gone down in history as officially recording an overwhelming vote against the " principle" of payment for special experience and service.This must surel), without doubt, be the most incredible and shameful
[210] EVIDENCE FOR A PATHOGENETIC ROLE OF ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE (ADMA) IN CIRRHOTIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: F. Vizzutti, R.G. Romanelli, U. Arena, L. Rega, M. Brogi, F. Marra, M. Foschi, R. Tarquini, G. Laffi, M. Pinzani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Costs and financial feasibility of malaria elimination
Authors: Oliver Sabot, Justin M Cohen, Michelle S Hsiang, James G Kahn, Suprotik Basu, Linhua Tang, Bin Zheng, Qi Gao, Linda Zou, Allison Tatarsky, Shahina Aboobakar, Jennifer Usas, Scott Barrett, Jessica L Cohen, Dean T Jamison, Richard GA Feachem
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Screening for HIV: Can We Afford the False Positive Rate?
Authors: Klemens B. Meyer, Stephen G. Pauker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We are a testing culture: we test our urine for drugs; we test our sweat for lies. It is not surprising that we should also test our blood for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). But before we screen low-risk groups for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we should consider what the results will mean. Tests for HIV antibody appear to be characterized by extraordinarily low false positive rates. Even so, positive initial and confirmatory tests in someone at low risk of HIV infection are by no means synonymous with infection, because of the possibility of false positive results. . . .
Thin-layer chromatography of phospholipid components of normal and psoriatic epidermis
Authors: D. TSAMBAOS, A. KALOFOUTIS, J. STRATIGOS, C. MIRAS, J. CAPETANAKIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

The phospholipid pattern of human epidermis from 23 psoriatic patients and from 14 healthy in dividuals has been determined using lipid thin‐layer chromatography. An increased amount of total phospholipids and statistically significant differences in some phospholipid components were found in psoriatic patients as compared to healthy controls. These abnormalities may be related to the altered architecture of the plasma membranes and their surface coats observed in psoriatic keratinocytes.
Patient-reported outcome measures in psoriasis: the good, the bad and the missing!
Authors: H. Kitchen, L. Cordingley, H. Young, C.E.M. Griffiths, C. Bundy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

As a long‐term condition, psoriasis demands significant personal and professional input for optimal self‐management. Low levels of well‐being and high levels of psychological distress in patients with psoriasis are associated with reduced resources for self‐care. Patient‐reported outcome (PRO) measures can be used to assess physical, social and psychological functioning in order to guide treatment. In this article, we systematically reviewed the development and validation of existing PRO measures. PubMed (Medline), PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched systematically using predefined search terms. The search was limited to articles in the English language relating to human subjects. Articles were selected for full review through explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria. PRO measures were critically reviewed in accordance with the published guidelines and theory on the development and validation of PROs. The search identified 967 abstracts; 71 of these articles met the criteria for full review. In these 71 articles, 45 PRO measures were found: 16 were specific to psoriasis, 21 assessed other dermatological conditions and eight were developed for generic nondermatological health conditions. The review revealed several limitations of the existing measures, including: (i) a composite structure assessing multiple, poorly‐defined concepts; (ii) a lack of evidence for face and content validity; (iii) a failure to include both patient and clinician perspectives and requirements and (iv) a lack of evidence regarding the feasibility and acceptability for patients and physicians. No single PRO measure with adequate evidence of validity, reliability and sensitivity to change captures patient well‐being in psoriasis. A valid, sensitive, specific and acceptable PRO that assesses the full impact of psoriasis on well‐being is needed for the comprehensive clinical management of psoriasis.
THE TECHNIC OF A KNOT
Authors: Walter J. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The accompanying illustrations present the technic of a knot which I have been using for the last two years. A short piece of catgut can be used in the tying of the knot, and a reef or flat knot can be accomplished by the technic, as illustrated. A strand of catgut or linen from 6 to 7 inches in length can easily be used, and the accompanying results obtained. As far as I know I have not seen this particular technic illustrated anywhere, and in reply to my inquiries many men who have done quite a bit of technical work state that they have not seen it in print or in any illustrations. Frequently small pieces of catgut are left from suture material, and these can be utilized to tie the knot. Long strands of catgut, as illustrated here, do not work as well as short strands. 2550 Prairie Avenue.