tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VEGF Regulates Region-Specific Localization of Perivascular Bone Marrow–Derived Cells in Glioblastoma
Authors: Kelly Burrell, Sanjay Singh, Shahrzad Jalali, Richard P. Hill, Gelareh Zadeh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by a pathogenic vasculature that drives aggressive local invasion. Recent work suggests that GBM cells recruit bone marrow–derived progenitor cells (BMDC) to facilitate recurrence after radiotherapy, but how this may be achieved is unclear. In this study, we established the spatiotemporal and regional contributions of perivascular BMDCs (pBMDC) to GBM development. We found an increased recruitment of BMDCs to GBM in response to tumor growth and following radiotherapy. However, in this study, BMDCs did not differentiate into endothelial cells directly but rather provided a perivascular support role. The pBMDCs were shown to associate with tumor vasculature in a highly region-dependent manner, with central vasculature requiring minimal pBMDC support. Region-dependent association of pBMDC was regulated by VEGF. In the absence of VEGF, following radiotherapy or antiangiogenic therapy, we documented an increase in Ang2 that regulated recruitment of pBMDCs to maintain the vulnerable central vasculature. Together, our results strongly suggested that targeting pBMDC influx along with radiation or antiangiogenic therapy would be critical to prevent vascular recurrence of GBM. Cancer Res; 74(14); 3727–39. ©2014 AACR.
Book Review The Mold in Dr. Florey's Coat: The Story of the Penicillin Miracle By Eric Lax. 307 pp., illustrated. New York, Henry Holt, 2004. $25 (cloth); $15 (paper). 0-8050-6790-6 (cloth); 0-8050-7778-2 (paper).
Authors: Tilli Tansey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)
CARDIAC-SPECIFIC TRANSGENIC SILENCING OF NF- K B AMELIORATES LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION AND REMODELING AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Santosh Sanganalmath, Guangming Cheng, Magdy Girgis, Yu-Ting Xuan, Yanjuan Yang, Harold Elias, Robert J. Vincent, Buddhadeb Dawn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
901-30 Relationship Between Function, Perfusion and Contractile Reserve Early After Myocardial Infarction: A Dynamic Magnetic Resonance and Stress Echocardiographic Study in Man
Authors: Massimo Lombardi, Jørn Kværness, Johannes Soma, Richard A. Jones, Terje Skjærpe, Klaus-Dieter Bolz, Eugenio Picano, Antonio L’Abbate, Alessandro Distante, Peter A. Rinck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Fibrinogen/fibrin on the surface of macrophages: detection, distribution, binding requirements, and possible role in macrophage adherence phenomena.
Authors: R B Colvin, H F Dvorak
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

The peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs proved to be a rich source of mononuclear cells (34-52%) with fibrinogen or fibrin (Fib) on their surface. The Fib was readily detected on the surface of viable cells in suspension by fluorescence microscopy using antisera to guinea pig fibrinogen. The fluorescent staining occurred either in a speckled distribution, similar to that of cytophilic IgG, or in a distinctive net-like pattern that probably represented fibrin formation on the cell surface. The binding of Fib to the cell surface required calcium, but not magnesium, in the medium and could occur in vitro during incubation in heparinized plasma that contained fibrinogen concentrations comparable to that in normal peritoneal fluid (0.58 mg/ml). Cell surface Fib was more susceptible to plasmin and trypsin digestion than surface cytophilic IgG. By morphologic and physiologic criteria, cells exhibiting surface Fib were chiefly, if not exclusively, macrophages. Granulocytes, erythrocytes, and lymphocytes from lymph node and thymus had no sppreciable Fib. Cells with surface Fib were rarely observed among mononuclear cells prepared by Ficoll-Hypaque sedimentation of guinea pig and human blood (1.4 and 4.6%, respectively). Pulmonary alveolar macrophages, functionally distinct from peritoneal macrophages, lacked surface Fib (0.8%). Polymerization of Fib on the surface of macrophages might participate in certain cell interactions, such as the adherence of peritoneal macrophages during the antigen-induced macrophage disappearance reactions. The unexpected finding of Fib binding to the surfaces of peritoneal macrophages raises the possibility of a biologically significant interaction between these cells and the clotting system.
1062 PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS DEMONSTRATE HIGH IL-15 MRNA EXPRESSION
Authors: R. Vogt, P. Godoy, G. Campos, R. Stöber, J.G. Hengstler, J.M.F. Schlagheck, H.J. Schlittx, M. Melter, T.S. Weiss
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Adolescent self harm patients
Authors: V. Schnieden, G. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1991)

obese subjects than in controls of normal weight (p<O0-OOl), and there was a correlation between Lp(a) and fibrinogen concentrations (r=0 523), Lp(a) and cholesterol concentrations (r=0 273), and Lp(a) concentration and body mass index (r= 0-210).We conclude that the increased values among obese patients and a significant correlation with other important risk factors for atherosclerosis show that Lp(a) concentration can be considered to be a "trouble marker" of coronary heart disease.
Pentamidine-Associated Fatal Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Abigail Zuger
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis developed in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) during pentamidine isethionate treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Despite prompt withdrawal of administration of the drug, the patient died of complications of pancreatitis. Pentamidine is known to be toxic to pancreatic islet cells, causing both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in clinical use. However, it rarely causes symptomatic pancreatitis. A review of the literature indicates that this is the second report of fatal pancreatitis associated with pentamidine therapy.
An Improved Flexible Cholangioscope
Authors: L. Stötter, H. Wiendl, B. Ultsch
Journal: Endoscopy (1975)

A new fibercholangioscope (Olympus) with a partial semirigid construction is described. Manipulation of this endoscope is further fasciliated. Manoeuvers in the bileduct with instruments introduced over the biopsy channel, i.e. to remove stones, to take biopsies etc., can be performed. 20 operative cholangioscopies have been done with the new instrument. A complete view of the biliary tract has been achieved in all cases. In 7 of 20 patients residual calculi were found after conventional duct exploration, which the surgeon thought to be sufficient. In 3 of these patients the concrements had to be removed by instrumentation via the endoscope under vision. Cholangioscopy which is, contrary to cholangiography, not yet widely adopted, might get more use with the development of an improved instrument.
Radiological Aspects of Heart Muscle Disease in Nigerian Adults
Authors: W. PETER COCKSHOTT, G. J. THORPE, A. C. IKEME
Journal: Circulation (1967)

A congestive cardiomyopathy, known locally as heart muscle disease, accounts for 32% of the cases of cardiovascular disease seen at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Following a brief outline of the clinical picture and necropsy findings, the radiological features of the disease are described. Thirty-four cases were studied, and angiography was performed in 13. In the acute stage of the disease there was a generalized, globular, cardiac enlargement, and cardiac movements, especially of the left border of the heart, were reduced. Pulmonary venous congestion was invariably present and pleural effusions occurred frequently. Ventricular angiography demonstrated an enlarged chamber with little change in size and shape throughout the cardiac cycle, and persistence of contrast. Mitral incompetence was present in some cases. The value of angiography in differential diagnosis in emphasized.
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Hinder Microglia Function Interfering with Cell Migration and Phagocytosis
Authors: Juan C. Villegas, Laura Álvarez‐Montes, Lidia Rodríguez‐Fernández, Jesús González, Rafael Valiente, Mónica L. Fanarraga
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

The intranasal drug delivery route provides exciting expectations regarding the application of engineered nanomaterials as nano‐medicines or drug‐delivery vectors into the brain. Among nanomaterials, multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) are some of the best candidates for brain cancer therapy since they are well known to go across cellular barriers and display an intrinsic ability to block cancer cell proliferation triggering apoptosis. This study reveals that microglial cells, the brain macrophages and putative vehicles for MWCNTs into the brain, undergo a dose‐dependent cell division arrest and apoptosis when treated with MWCNTs. Moreover, it is shown that MWCNTs severely interfere with both cell migration and phagocytosis in live microglia. These results lead to a re‐evaluation of the safety of inhaled airborne CNTs and provide strategic clues of how to biocompatibilize MWCNTs to reduce brain macrophage damage and to develop new nanodrugs.
Foreign trained doctors score well in comparison with US colleagues
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors in the United States who trained overseas performed as well as those who trained in the US, says a new study that looked at length of stay in hospital and mortality from congestive heart failure or acute myocardial infarction in Pennsylvania ( Health Affairs 2010;29:8, doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0222). 

The retrospective observational analysis examined 244 153 hospital records coded for heart failure and acute myocardial infarction from 2003 to 2006. It categorised the 6113 attending physicians according to whether they trained at a medical school in the US (71%), were Americans who trained overseas (7%), or were foreign …
Ulcerative Esophagitis And Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: K. B. Knudsen, M. Sparberg
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Ulcerative colitis is a systemic disease, frequently involving the skin, eyes, joints, and liver, without affecting other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. A most unusual example of ulcerative colitis associated with ulcerative esophagitis and chronic hepatitis was encountered recently. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A generalized maculopapular eruption, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly developed in a 15-year-old white boy in December 1962; intermittent fever, malaise, and watery diarrhea followed. In January 1964, marked hepatomegaly and cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy were found. The total bilirubin was 5 mg/100 ml, alkaline phosphatase, 22 Bodansky units, and total serum protein, 10.5 gm/100 ml, with a diffusely increased γ-globulin on protein electrophoresis, ranging from 4.5 to 5.1 gm/100 ml (normal 0.6-1.5 gm/ 100 ml). Ultracentrifugation revealed that the γ-globulin was primarily 7S with a normal amount of macroglobulin. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level ranged from 400 to 1,000 units. The latex agglutination test
A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Infectious Disease Risks from Bathing in Fresh Recreational Waters in Relation to the Concentration of <i>Escherichia coli</i> , Intestinal Enterococci, <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> , and Somatic Coliphages
Authors: Albrecht Wiedenmann, Petra Krüger, Klaus Dietz, Juan M. López-Pila, Regine Szewzyk, Konrad Botzenhart
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

We performed epidemiologic studies at public freshwater bathing sites in Germany to provide a better scientific basis for the definition of recreational water quality standards. A total of 2,196 participants were recruited from the local population and randomized into bathers and nonbathers. Bathers were exposed for 10 min and had to immerse their head at least three times. Water samples for microbiological analysis were collected at 20-min intervals. Unbiased concentration-response effects with no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) were demonstrated for three different definitions of gastroenteritis and four fecal indicator organisms. Relative risks for bathing in waters with levels above NOAELs compared with nonbathing ranged from 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2-2.6) to 4.6 (95% CI, 2.1-10.1), depending on the definition of gastroenteritis. The effect of swallowing water provided additional evidence for true dose-response relationships. Based on the NOAELs, the following guide values for water quality are suggested: 100 Escherichia coli, 25 intestinal enterococci, 10 somatic coliphages, or 10 Clostridium perfringens per 100 mL. Recreational water quality standards are intended to protect the health of those consumers who are not already immune or resistant to pathogens that may be associated with indicator organisms. In contrast to current World Health Organization recommendations, we concluded that standards should be based on rates of compliance with NOAELs rather than on attributable risks determined above NOAELs, because these risks depend mainly on the unpredictable susceptibility of the cohorts. Although in theory there is no threshold in real concentration-response relationships, we demonstrated that a NOAEL approach would be a more robust and practical solution to the complex problem of setting standards.
Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with a Peritoneovenous Catheter
Authors: DOUGLAS R. BOURNIGAL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1987Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with a Peritoneovenous CatheterDOUGLAS R. BOURNIGAL, M.D., WILLIAM A. SCHIAVONE, D.O., EUGENE I. WINKELMAN, M.D., DAVID P. VOGT, M.D.DOUGLAS R. BOURNIGAL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM A. SCHIAVONE, D.O.Search for more papers by this author, EUGENE I. WINKELMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID P. VOGT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-3-474_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Peritoneovenous shunts can alleviate ascites ( 1 ). Complications with this shunt are congestive heart failure, electrolyte disturbances, infection, and rarely, catheter-induced arrhythmias (2, 3).A 35-year-old man with cirrhosis, who was a rehabilitated alcoholic, was transferred to our hospital for liver transplantation. To manage intractable ascites, multiple peritoneovenous shunts had been inserted. Before transfer, the patient had reaccumulated massive ascites, which signified occlusion of his Denver shunt. Recurrent, four- to ten-beat runs of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia occurred with the patient's change in position. His vital signs and heart findings were normal. His lungs were clear, but...References1. LEVEENWAPNICKDIAZGROSBERGKINNEY HSCSM. Ascites: its correction by peritoneovenous shunting. Curr Probl Surg. 1979; 16:1-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GREIGLANGERBLENDISTAYLORGLYNN PBLBM. Complications after peritoneovenous shunting for ascites. Am J Surg. 1980;139:125-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. POZENCOVERTROZANSKILIVINGSTONESPRUNG RMJAC. Peritoneovenous shunt-induced ventricular tachycardia. Crit Care Med. 1982;1:65-6. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. VOUKYSCOHEN PS. Catheter-induced arrhythmias. Am Heart J. 1974;88:588-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH 44106 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1987Volume 106, Issue 3Page: 474-474KeywordsArrhythmiaAscitesCathetersCirrhosisHeartHeart failureLiver transplantationLungsVentricular tachycardiaVital signs Issue Published: 1 March 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Routine procedures in general anaesthesia
Authors: N C Hypher
Journal: BMJ (1978)

reason to abandon the routine use of postoperative oxygen.If the anaesthetist doesn't want oxygen used he (or she) should say so on the postoperative instructions.This is different from the problem of the oxygen cylinder that may contain something else, and here I agree with Dr Steel that it is necessary to teach and instruct, not that intubation and oxygen administration are wrong, but what to do if these procedures don't seem to work.
In-Hospital and Long-term Outcome After Reoperative Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: William S. Weintraub, Ellis L. Jones, Joseph M. Craver, Ralph Grosswald, Robert A. Guyton
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Increasingly over the past several years, patients have returned after coronary surgery for reoperative procedures, and the experience has become substantial. In this report, we describe immediate- and long-term outcomes after reoperative coronary artery bypass graft surgery.The source of data was the clinical database at Emory University. The surgical procedure and statistical methods were standard. Data were collected prospectively and entered into a computerized database. Follow-up was by letter, telephone, or hospital records documenting additional events resulting in readmission. In-hospital correlates of survival were determined by logistic regression, and long-term correlates were determined by Cox model analysis. There were 2030 patients with a mean age of 61 and a mean of 7.8 +/- 4.1 years since the first surgery. The mean ejection fraction was close to 50%, and the majority had three-vessel or left main disease. Urgent or emergency surgery was required in 16.6%. The internal mammary was used in 60.1%. Q-wave myocardial infarctions occurred in just over 5%. Neurological events increased from 1.2% at less than age 50 to 4.1% at more than age 70. The hospital mortality increased from 5.7% at less than age 50 to 10% at more than age 70, with an overall rate of 7.0%. Mortality was 5.7% for elective, 10.9% for urgent, and 16.4% for emergency cases. Angina was noted at follow-up in 41.3%. Urgent or emergency surgery, reduced ejection fraction, hypertension, older age, and female sex were univariate and multivariate correlates of in-hospital death. Diabetes was a univariate correlate only. Five- and 10-year survival rates were 76% and 55%, respectively. Five- and 10-year myocardial infarction-free survival rates were 63% and 40%, respectively. By 12 years, few patients were free of cardiac events. The univariate and multivariate correlates of long-term mortality were older age, reduced ejection fraction, hypertension, diseased vessels, presence of diabetes, congestive failure, and emergency surgery, with a strong trend for female sex. The use of the internal mammary artery was not a correlate for long-term mortality.Patients undergoing reoperative procedures have higher mortality initially and at long term than patients undergoing a first procedure. Expected mortality based on covariates may help in the decision of whether to perform reoperative coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Prednisone vs Triamcinolone Acetonide-Reply
Authors: Harry Klinefelter
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In Reply.—  We have had no experience with monthly doses of intramuscular triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of arthritis or asthma. The experience of others who have referred patients to us, however, suggests that this form of treatment is not as effective as a single daily dose of prednisone. Monthly intramuscular treatment is also more expensive.  We have had little or no problem with patients abusing prednisone. Every patient is told the importance of taking the drug in a single dose every day and the possible serious side effects that may occur if the medicine is not taken properly.  With a single daily dose of up to 15 mg of prednisone, the pituitary-adrenal axis is not completely suppressed, and it is not necessary to taper the dosage if the drug is withdrawn. With a single intramuscular dose of a long-acting corticosteroid such as triamcinolone acetonide, there is complete suppression of
Neurofibromatosis type 1 tumour suppressor gene expression is deficient in psoriatic skin in vivo and in vitro: a potential link to increased Ras activity
Authors: S-L. Karvonen, J. Koivunen, M. Nissinen, H. Yla-Outinen, A-S. Bjorkstrand, J. Peltonen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) protein (neurofibromin) accelerates the inactivation of Ras‐GTP in various cell types. Somatic mutations of the NF1 gene may lead to malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation. We have previously shown that NF1 protein expression is downregulated in psoriasis in vivo. Objectives To study the functional expression and distribution of NF1 mRNA and protein in vivo and in psoriatic and normal keratinocyte cultures. Methods Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to study NF1 gene and protein expression in psoriasis in vivo. Furthermore, Northern and in situ hybridizations, immunoblot and localization analyses were utilized to study NF1 mRNA and protein in vitro in keratinocyte cultures. Results NF1 tumour suppressor gene expression was reduced in lesional psoriatic skin compared with perilesional and normal skin in vivo. The in vitro results showed that the levels of NF1 mRNA and protein were reduced in cultured psoriatic keratinocytes during cellular differentiation even after multiple passaging of the cells. Moreover, cultured nonlesional psoriatic keratinocytes were almost equally defective as lesional cells with respect to NF1 expression. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that psoriatic keratinocytes maintain an altered phenotype and gene expression profile even when isolated from interaction with lymphocytes and fibroblasts, which are known to increase proliferation of keratinocytes. As NF1 protein is regarded as a Ras proto‐oncogene regulator, the aberrant expression and distribution of NF1 protein and mRNA found in the present study may be causative to the previously described increased activation of Ras in psoriatic lesions, and relate to altered cellular behaviour.
John William Nicholson
Authors: J S Milne
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former general practitioner Ardnamurchan (b Cockenzie, East Lothian 1919; q Edinburgh 1951), d 19 August 2002.

John Nicholson volunteered for military service in 1939 and spent six years in the Royal Navy. He was injured when his ship was bombed and was left with traumatic deafness, which was so severe in his student days that he had to find out about lectures from other students' notes. He worked in obstetrics for two years before deciding to settle in general practice, first in Derbyshire for nine years and then in Ardnamurchan. He retired in 1977 because of ischaemic heart disease. While in Ardnamurchan he was part of a group that set up the first and still flourishing white fish farm in Britain. He leaves a wife, Freda.
Dean Winternitz: Yale Medical School’s Passionate Humanist
Authors: Basil Rigas
Journal: JAMA (2011)

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