tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NIH Launching Genetic Test Registry
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of chronic renal failure on the regulation of pyruvate kinase
Authors: Enyu Imai, Atsushi Yamauchi, Tamio Noguchi, Takehiko Tanaka, Masamitsu Fujii, Hiroshi Mikami, Yoshifumi Fukuhara, Akio Ando, Yoshimasa Orita, Takenobu Kamada
Journal: Metabolism (1987)
ASSOCIATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN WITH SILENT BRAIN INFARCTS IN A COMMUNITY-BASED COHORT WITH NORMAL EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Cesare Russo, Zhezhen Jin, Shunichi Homma, Clinton B. Wright, Tatjana Rundek, Mitsuhiro Yoshita, Charles DeCarli, Mitchell SV Elkind, Ralph L. Sacco, Marco R. Di Tullio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine in the Serum and Thyroid Glands of Iodine-Deficient Rats
Authors: G. M. Abrams, P. R. Larsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Triiodothyronine (T(3)) and thyroxine (T(4)) were measured by immunoassay in the serum and thyroid hydrolysates of control (group A), mildly iodine-deficient (group B), and severely iodine-deficient rats (group C). These results were correlated with changes in thyroidal weight, (131)I uptake and (127)I content as well as with the distribution of (131)I in Pronase digests of the thyroid. There was a progressive increase in thyroid weight and (131)I uptake at 24 h with decrease in iodine intake. The (127)I content of the thyroids of the group B animals was 44% and that of the group C animals 2% of that in group A. The mean labeled monoiodotyrosine/diiodotyrosine (MIT/DIT) and T(3)/T(4) ratios in group A were 0.42+/-0.07 (SD) and 0.12+/-0.01, 0.59+/-0.06 and 0.11+/-0.03 in group B, and 2.0+/-0.3 and 1.8+/-0.9 in the group thyroid digests.Mean serum T(4) concentration in the control rats was 4.2+/-0.6 (SD) mug T(4)/100 ml, 4.5+/-0.3 mug/100 ml in group B animals, and undectectable (<0.5 mu(4)/100 ml) in group C animals. There was no effect of iodine deficiency on serum T(3) concentrations, which were 44+/-9 (Mean+/-SD) ng/100 ml in A animals, 48+/-6 ng/100 ml n B animals, and 43+/-6 ng/100 ml in the C group. Thyroidal digest T(3) and T(4) concentrations were 39 and 400 ng/mg in group A animals and were reduced to 5 and 1% of this, respectively, in group C. The molar ratio of T(3)/T(4) in the thyroid digests of the groups A and B animals was identical to the ratio of labeled T(3)/T(4) and was slightly less (1.0+/-0.9) than the labeled T(3)/T(4) ratio in the group C animals. The mean ratio of labeled T(4) to labeled T(3) in the serum of the severely iodine-deficient animals 24 h after isotope injection was 11+/-1 (SEM). With previously published values, it was possible to correlate the ratio of labeled T(4)/T(3) in the thyroid digest with the labeled T(4)/T(3) ratio in the serum of each iodine-deficient animal. This analysis suggested that the labeled thyroid hormones in the severely iodine-deficient rat were secreted in the ratio in which they are present in the gland. Kinetic analysis of total iodothyronine turnover indicated that two-thirds of the T(3) utilized per day by the iodine-sufficient rat arises from T(4). If the T(4)-T(3) conversion ratio remains the same in iodine deficiency, then the analysis suggests that about 90% of the T(3) arises directly from the thyroid. Therefore, it would appear that absolute T(3) secretion by the thyroid increases severalfold during iodine deficiency. The fact that serum T(3) remains constant and T(4) decreases to extremely low levels, combined with previous observations that iodine-deficient animals appear to be euthyroid, is compatible with the hypothesis that T(4) in the normal rat serves primarily as a precursor of T(3).
THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS WITH INSULIN
Authors: RALPH H. MAJOR
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The recent isolation by Banting and his co-workers of an active glycolytic, nontoxic, pancreatic extract opens up a new era in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Ever since the classical experiment of Mering and Minkowsky proved the existence of pancreatic diabetes, frequent attempts at specific pancreatic therapy have been made. These attempts in the past have been uniformly unsuccessful and now possess little but historical interest.  The isolation of insulin, which is described as the active hormone of the islands of Langerhans, has excited unusual interest among both physiologists and clinicians. Allen 1 has written an excellent summary of all articles published on this subject up to August, 1922, and enables one to trace step by step the various phases in the development of this important discovery.  A more recent article by Banting, Campbell and Fletcher 2 describes the results obtained from the use of this preparation, in patients suffering
New test for bowel cancer could aid screening programme
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Researchers at the United Kingdom's Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK have developed a new test for bowel cancer that is far less invasive than the current method, the Lancet reports this week (2002;359;1917-9).

If successful, the new test could be used in a mass screening programme for bowel cancer. When detected early, bowel cancer is highly curable. At the moment patients are examined by a colonoscopy, which can be uncomfortable, and compliance is poor.

The new test identifies abnormal colon cells from stool samples. These cells are naturally shed from …
Abstract 1580: Differential induction of reactive oxygen species by histone deacetylase inhibitors for mediating selective apoptosis of oncogenic H-Ras-expressing cells
Authors: Shambhunath Choudhary, Hwa-Chain R. Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract This study is to understand the mechanisms involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated pro-apoptotic ability of H-Ras to enhance apoptosis induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs). Oncogenic induction of the ras genes is widely involved in human cancers. Expression of oncogenic H-Ras increases susceptibility of human and mouse cells to HDACIs, such as FK228 and trichostatin A, for inducing caspase activation and selective apoptosis. To understand the mechanisms for HDACI-induced differential activation of caspases and apoptosis in oncogenic H-Ras-expressing cells, we investigated the role and regulation of ROS in HDACI-induced cell death. We detected that expression of oncogenic H-Ras resulted in potentiating intracellular ROS machinery, increasing the susceptibility to HDACIs for enhancing the production of ROS, and depleting glutathione, leading to differential activation of caspases and cell death. Furthering our understanding of how oncogenic H-Ras augmented the generation of ROS, we detected that expression of oncogenic H-Ras was able to increase the level of Nox1, a homologue of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase. Suppression of Nox1 by the specific inhibitor diphenylene iodonium or specific siRNAs significantly reduced ROS production induced by oncogenic H-Ras and HDACIs as well as HDACI-induced cell death of oncogenic H-Ras-expressing cells. Our results led us to a suggestion that increased ROS played a contributing role in the proapoptotic ability of oncogenic H-Ras to enhance HDACI-induced activation of caspases for inducing selective apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner; Nox1 played an important role in the ability of oncogenic H-Ras to potentiate ROS-producing machinery for enhancing cell susceptibility to HDACIs and, in turn, increasing ROS contents leading to caspase activation and selective apoptosis. Differential increases of intracellular ROS by oncogenic H-Ras to potentiate cell death should be seriously considered as a potential target in developing therapeutic strategies to control oncogenic H-Ras-involved human cancers by HDACIs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1580.
Postzone v Prozone-Reply
Authors: Alan M. Stamm
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vitiligo in Graves' Disease
Authors: YUKIO OCHI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Six instances of vitiligo involving chiefly the hands and feet occurred among 90 patients with Graves' disease. The vitiligo usually preceded the onset of the symptoms of Graves' disease. Autoantibodies against thyroid were present in five of six patients, and long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) was present in three of six. The vitiligo may be another manifestation of autoimmunity. When present it is a helpful clinical diagnostic point suggesting the presence of Graves' disease.
Equipment for the gastroenterologist.
Authors: J Nicholls
Journal: BMJ (1984)

In Western countries gastroenterologists depend to a great extent on supporting services : radiology, biochemistry, haema tology, microbiology, and histopathology. In the Third World, where these support services may be rudimentary or even non-existent, the gastroenterologist must learn to make full use of his own facilities and to extend his skills by undertaking some of the techniques that he would normally delegate to others.
LIFT study is discontinued
Authors: Steven R Cummings
Journal: BMJ (2006)

One-time general consent for research on biological samples Opt out system for patients is optimal and endorsed in many countriesEditor-Wendler's valuable overview of empirical studies of patients' preferences about the use of residual (leftover) tissue for research is not complete. 1 The discussion has already been settled by legislation in many countries.In 2004 the Danish act on patient rights was amended with an opt out system for using residual tissue for research.In 2004 the US Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) issued guidance that research on residual tissue which is anonymous to the researcher is not human subject research and therefore the tissue can be used without consent. 2Earlier the Dutch Federation of Medical Research Societies' code of conduct on research with residual tissue drafted with patients' organisations had an opt out system for research on samples anonymous to the researcher. 3 In the recent UK Human Tissue Act no form of consent is needed for the use of fully anonymous or coded (or linked) residual tissue that is anonymous to the researcher, provided that an ethical review board has permitted the study.The more restrictive provisions in the original bill were amended also because of pressure from patient groups afraid that research to their benefit would be hampered by the proposed consent system.Wendler emphasises autonomy and argues that one-time consent protects the autonomy of individuals and protects them from serious risks.There are two major arguments against this.Firstly, autonomy should be balanced against other values such as the interests of patients who might benefit from this research. 4 Secondly, autonomy as such cannot protect individuals from risks but only from risks they do want to carry.Research on residual tissue, whether anonymous or anonymously used and being coded, does not carry any risks to individuals.Ethical review boards should oversee that sufficient measures have been taken to ensure that the samples used in research remain anonymously used.It should be possible to enrich data from tissue research with patient data.Fully anonymising samples, as suggested by Wendler, is a waste of valuable information.
Bone marrow stromal cell-fueled multiple myeloma growth and osteoclastogenesis are sustained by protein kinase CK2
Authors: S Manni, D Toscani, E Mandato, A Brancalion, L Quotti Tubi, P Macaccaro, A Cabrelle, F Adami, R Zambello, C Gurrieri, G Semenzato, N Giuliani, F Piazza
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
A revolution in an Egyptian hospital
Authors: M. S. Ibrahim
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Purpose. Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have unrecognized left ventricular dysfunction. We aimed to investigate relation between NT-proBNP, troponin T (TnT), and left ventricular function in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods. We prospectively included patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD. Complete pulmonary assessment and echocariodgraphy were performed and we measured NT-proBNP and troponin T at admission, discharge, and 7-10 days after discharge. Results. We included 127 patients (70±10 years, 70% men, GOLD III/IV 87%). Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) was recorded in 70 (55%) patients. NT-proBNP was higher in patients with LVD but decreased significantly from admission to discharge in patients with and without LVD. (p&lt;0.01 for all). A 30% decrease was observed in 52% of patients. TnT was not different between patients with and without LVD but decreased significantly in patients with LVD (p=0.043). Conclusions. LVD is common in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. NT-proBNP and TnT dynamics suggest clinically relevant implications of cardiac (dys)function with potential to identify cardiac triggers of clinical deterioration.
HOMICIDE IN MASSACHUSETTS
Authors: Albert Warren Stearns
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1925)

But few comments are necessary in summarizing this study. It is obvious that statistics are on the whole rather inadequate, but as far as one can learn from a study of such, Massachusetts has a rather low rate for the United States and a high rate compared with European countries. It also appears that although there was a definite increase in homicide for the 10 years prior to the war, figures since show no substantial increase in the last 40 years. In general, murder in Massachusetts may be looked upon as an unusual social phenomenon attributed, for the most part, to the low cultural level of immigrants received, and to a less extent to mental disease and unfortunate environmental conditions. The influence of the latter two upon the individual tends to simulate the first. As individuals, murderers tend to be of lower cultural level, but show a less degree of moral turpitude than thieves and sex offenders.
Microarray analysis of liver gene expression in iron overloaded patients with sickle cell anemia and beta‐thalassemia
Authors: Jonathan M. Flanagan, Shirley Steward, Jane S. Hankins, Thad M. Howard, Geoffrey Neale, Russell E. Ware
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Chronic transfusion therapy is used clinically to supply healthy erythrocytes for patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) or beta-thalassemia major (TM). Despite the benefits of red blood cell transfusions, chronic transfusions lead to iron accumulation in key tissues such as the heart, liver, and endocrine glands. Transfusion-acquired iron overload is recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality among patients receiving chronic transfusions. At present, there is little understanding of molecular events that occur during transfusional iron loading and the reasons for the large inter-individual variation observed clinically in transfusion-acquired iron accumulation. To address these issues, we examined whether any liver-expressed genes in SCA or TM patients with transfusional iron overload were associated with the degree of iron accumulation. Specifically, we performed microarray analysis on liver biopsy specimens comparing SCA patients with mild or severe iron overload and also compared SCA with TM patients. Fifteen candidate genes were identified with significantly differential expression between the high and low liver iron concentrations. SCA patients and 20 candidate genes were detected between the SCA and TM patient comparison. Subsequent quantitative PCR experiments validated 12 candidate genes; with GSTM1, eIF5a, SULF2, NTS, and HO-1 being particularly good prospects as genes that might affect the degree of iron accumulation. Future work will determine the baseline expression of these genes prior to transfusional iron overload and elucidate the full impact of these genes on the inter-individual variation observed clinically in transfusion-acquired iron accumulation.
The promotion of neurological recovery in an intracerebral hemorrhage model using fibrin-binding brain derived neurotrophic factor
Authors: Qian Qian Han, Wei Jin, Zhi Feng Xiao, Jing Chun Huang, Hong Bin Ni, Jie Kong, Jun Wu, Bing Chen, Wei Bang Liang, Jian Wu Dai
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Preferential activation and expansion of human peripheral blood gamma delta T cells in response to Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and their cytokine production and cytotoxic activity against T. gondii-infected cells.
Authors: C S Subauste, J Y Chung, D Do, A H Koniaris, C A Hunter, J G Montoya, S Porcelli, J S Remington
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Studies were conducted to determine if gamma delta T cells participate in the immune response to Toxoplasma gondii. Preferential expansion of human gamma delta T cells occurred when peripheral blood T cells from either T. gondii-seronegative or seropositive individuals were incubated with autologous PBMC infected with the parasite. That gamma delta T cells proliferated after incubation with infected cells was confirmed using purified of gamma delta T cells. These T. gondii-induced gamma delta T cell responses did not require prior exposure to the parasite since T cells obtained from umbilical cord blood from seronegative newborns also exhibited preferential expansion of gamma delta T cells. Cytofluorometric analysis of T cells obtained from either umbilical cord blood or peripheral blood from adults revealed that V gamma 9+ and V delta 2+ gamma delta T cells responded to stimulation with infected cells. Preferential expansion of gamma delta T cells was not restricted by polymorphic determinants of MHC molecules. PBMC that had internalized killed parasites but not PBMC incubated with T. gondii lysate antigens also stimulated preferential expansion and activation of gamma delta T cells as assessed by expression of CD25 and HLA-DR molecules. V gamma 9+V delta 2+ gamma delta T cells were cytotoxic for T. gondii-infected cells in an MHC-unrestricted manner, and produced IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha, but not IL-4 when incubated with cells infected with the parasite. These results suggest that rapid induction of a remarkable primary gamma delta T cell response may be important in the early protective immune response to T. gondii.
Meta-Analysis: Test Performance of Ultrasonography for Giant-Cell Arteritis
Authors: Fotini B. Karassa, Miltiadis I. Matsagas, Wolfgang A. Schmidt, John P.A. Ioannidis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: Giant-cell arteritis is a diagnostic challenge. Purpose: To determine the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography for giant-cell arteritis. Data Sources: Studies published up to April 2004 in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases; reference lists; and direct contact with investigators. Study Selection: Studies in any language that examined temporal artery ultrasonography for diagnosis of giant-cell arteritis, enrolled at least 5 patients, and used biopsy or the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria as the reference standard. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently graded methodologic quality and abstracted data on sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography for giant-cell arteritis. Diagnostic performance was determined for the halo sign, stenosis, or occlusion and for any of these ultrasonographic abnormalities. Data Synthesis: Weighted sensitivity and specificity estimates and summary receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used. Twenty-three studies, involving a total of 2036 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The weighted sensitivity and specificity of the halo sign were 69% (95% CI, 57% to 79%) and 82% (CI, 75% to 87%), respectively, compared with biopsy and 55% (CI, 36% to 73%) and 94% (CI, 82% to 98%), respectively, compared with ACR criteria. Stenosis or occlusion was an almost equally sensitive marker compared with either biopsy (sensitivity, 68% [CI, 49% to 82%]) or ACR criteria (sensitivity, 66% [CI, 32% to 89%]). Consideration of any vessel abnormality nonsignificantly improved diagnostic performance compared with ACR criteria. Between-study heterogeneity was significant, but summary ROC curves were consistent with weighted estimates. When the pretest probability of giant-cell arteritis is 10%, negative results on ultrasonography practically exclude the disease (post-test probability, 2% to 5% for various analyses). Limitations: The primary studies were small and of modest quality and had considerable heterogeneity. Conclusion: Ultrasonography may be helpful in diagnosing giant-cell arteritis, but cautious interpretation of the test results based on clinical presentation and pretest probability of the disease is imperative.