tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Troubled by “Stem Cell Tourism” Claims, Group Launches Web-Based Guidance
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Habits at Mineral Springs.
Authors: W. H. Ten Broeck
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Paris, Ill., Sept. 5, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I wish to protest throughThe Journalagainst the practice of washing the drinking glasses used by consumptives, syphilitics, etc., in the soda spring at Manitou, Colo. I spoke to several parties while at Manitou, but some claimed that the ingredients of the water disinfected the glasses and others said that the spring was overflowing all the time and purified itself in that way. I have seen the water lowered two or three inches below the brink when there was a rush. I am told the bottling works use a different spring, which I hope is true. I am also told that the same filthy practice is followed at Waukesha, Wis., but I hope it is not so.
Clinical utility of HNF1A genotyping for diabetes in aboriginal Canadians.
Authors: R A Hegele, H Cao, A J Hanley, B Zinman, S B Harris, C M Anderson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic performance characteristics of HNF1A genotyping for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in Canadian Oji-Cree Indians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied all Oji-Cree subjects &amp;gt; or = 50 years of age (96 subjects) who had participated in a community-wide prevalence survey for type 2 diabetes. Subjects were classified either as having "disease," which included type 2 diabetes and IGT, or not. All subjects were genotyped for the HNF1A G319S mutation. RESULTS: The prevalence of disease in this group was 65.7%, of whom 71.4% had type 2 diabetes. For a carrier of HNF1A S319, the specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values were 97.0, 30.1, 95.0, and 42.1%, respectively. When the pretest disease prevalence was accounted for, the probability of disease after a positive test was 97.2%, and the probability of disease after a negative test was 42.2%. The values were very similar for the subgroup of subjects with type 2 diabetes alone. CONCLUSIONS: The HNF1A genotype appears to be the most specific genetic test yet reported for the prediction of a common multifactorial disease by applying present-day standards of clinical epidemiology in molecular genetics. A positive test result had particular diagnostic value in the Oji-Cree: a subject with HNF1A S319 was virtually certain of having diabetes or IGT by 50 years of age. In contrast, a subject without HNF1A S319 had a reduced risk compared with the age-specific prevalence but was not totally risk-free. Because HNF1A S319 was not the only predisposing factor for diabetes in the Oji-Cree, subjects without HNF1A S319 were still at some risk for diabetes or IGT.
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen: a marker for hepatocellular proliferation in rodents.
Authors: S R Eldrige, B E Butterworth, T L Goldsworthy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Two different markers for quantitating cell proliferation were evaluated in livers of control and chemically treated mice and rats. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), an endogenous cell replication marker, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), an exogenously administered DNA precursor label, were detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using immunohistochemical techniques. The percentage of cells in S phase (labeling indexes, LI) evaluated as PCNA- or BrdU-positive hepatocellular nuclei was compared in recut tissue sections from animals given BrdU by a single IP injection 2 hr before killing the animals. Ten-week-old male B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats were exposed to known mitogenic hepatocarcinogens, Wy-14,643 (WY) in the diet at 0.1% for 2 days or 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB) in corn oil by gavage for 2 days (600 mg/kg/day in mice; 300 mg/kg/day in rats). In mice, PCNA and BrdU hepatocyte LI were similar in control, WY-treated, and DCB-treated animals. In rats, PCNA and BrdU gave similar LI in controls and Wy-treated animals. Although PCNA LI was statistically lower than BrdU LI in DCB-treated rats, both PCNA and BrdU LI for DCB-treated rats was increased over LI in control rats. Different patterns of PCNA immunohistochemical staining, interpreted to represent different subpopulations of cells at various phases of the cell cycle, were quantitated using PCNA immunohistochemistry. The proliferating index (PI), defined as the percentage of cells in the cell cycle (G1 + S + G2 + M), was more sensitive than the LI (S phase only) in detecting a chemically induced cell proliferative response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Intravenous iron administration: new observations and time for the next steps
Authors: Günter Weiss, Florian Kronenberg
Journal: Kidney International (2014)

In this issue of Kidney International, the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study reports that hemodialysis patients with monthly intravenous iron supplementation of 300-399 mg or ⩾400 mg had a 13 or 18% higher risk of dying, respectively, compared with those receiving 100-199 mg per month, with no obvious differences in cause-specific mortalities. This study supports that randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to identify optimized iron supplementation strategies for anemic dialysis patients.
Primary biliary cirrhosis with additional features of autoimmune hepatitis: Response to therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid
Authors: Supriya Joshi, Karen Cauch-Dudek, Ian R. Wanless, Keith D. Lindor, Roberta Jorgensen, Kenneth Batts, Jenny E. Heathcote
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) may have additional features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Corticosteroids usually contraindicated in PBC have been advocated for these patients. Patients with antimitochondrial antibody (AMA)-positive PBC from two previous randomized, controlled trials were assessed for features of AIH. Their biochemical, immunologic, and histologic responses to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) versus placebo were compared with those without AIH features. The survival of patients testing positive or negative for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) was also examined. Features of AIH were defined by the presence of 2 or more of the following: 1) alanine transaminase (ALT) &gt; 5× the upper limit of normal (ULN); 2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) &gt; 2× ULN or positive anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA); and 3) moderate to severe lobular inflammation on pretreatment liver biopsy. Testing for AMA, ASMA, and ANA was done by immunofluorescence. The change in serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), transaminases, IgM, and IgG from baseline to 2 years was compared. Of the 331 patients randomized, 16 (4.8%) had features of AIH (12 UDCA, 4 placebo). The median percent change in serum biochemistry and immunoglobulin values were similar in patients with PBC ± features of AIH after 2 years of therapy with UDCA. Over 2 years, little change in histologic features of AIH was observed. Survival was similar for patients with PBC with and without ANA. In conclusion, features of AIH in PBC may be transient and response to UDCA therapy similar to patients with PBC without features of AIH.
Hereditary Polymorphic Light Eruption in American Indians
Authors: Ramon M. Fusaro
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Hereditary polymorphic light eruption (HPLE) occurs in Indians of North and South America. Affected persons are sensitive to long ultraviolet radiation and therefore receive no substantial benefit from conventional sunscreens. We have treated 46 patients with HPLE at the Red Lake Reservation, Minn, with topically administered dihydroxyacetone and lawsone, orally given beta carotene, or both. Oral beta carotene afforded adequate photoprotection to 33 patients, and four additional patients were protected with the combined use of oral and topical agents. Epidemiologic studies support our proposals that HPLE is a causative factor in streptococcal pyoderma in the American Indian and may be associated with epidemics of streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
An Angiocardiographic Method for Directly Determining Left Ventricular Stroke Volume in Man
Authors: Harold T. Dodge, Robert E. Hay, Harold Sandler
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

A method has been described for directly determining left ventricular stroke volume in man through the use of biplane angiocardiography. Left ventricular stroke volume determined by this method has been compared with stroke volumes determined by the Fick and/or indicator-dilution methods in 14 subjects without arrhythmias or clinical evidence of valvular insufficiency. Stroke volumes determined by these various methods showed close agreement.
Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase and Nitric Oxide Synthase in Hypoxic Vasoconstriction and Oleic Acid–Induced Lung Injury
Authors: MARC LEEMAN, VALÉRIE ZEGERS de BEYL, DOMINIQUE BIARENT, MARCO MAGGIORINI, CHRISTIAN MÉLOT, ROBERT NAEIJE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Cyclooxygenase (COX) products and nitric oxide (NO) inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), and their release could contribute to alterations in gas exchange in lung injury. We tested the hypothesis that combined blockade of COX and NO synthase (NOS) could further increase HPV and better protect gas exchange in lung injury than could blockade of either COX or NOS alone. We determined pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships in pentobarbital-anesthetized and ventilated dogs submitted to hypoxic challenges before and after administration of solvent (n = 4), indomethacin alone (2 mg/kg intravenously, n = 8), Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) alone (10 mg/kg intravenoulsy, n = 8), indomethacin followed by L-NA (n = 8), and L-NA followed by indomethacin (n = 8). All of the dogs so treated then received oleic acid (0.06 ml/kg intravenously) to induce lung injury. Blood flow was manipulated by establishing a femoral arteriovenous bypass or by inflating an inferior vena caval balloon. Gas exchange was evaluated by measuring arterial PO2 and intrapulmonary shunt (using the inert gas sulfur hexafluoride) at identical cardiac outputs. The magnitude of HPV was not affected by solvent. Indomethacin and L-NA given separately enhanced HPV. L-NA added to indomethacin further enhanced HPV, as did indomethacin added to L-NA. After oleic acid-induced lung injury, gas exchange deteriorated less in dogs pretreated with indomethacin than in dogs pretreated with solvent or with L-NA alone. These results suggest that in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs: (1) the magnitude of HPV is limited by the corelease of COX metabolites and of NO; and (2) inhibition of COX, but not of NOS, attenuates the deterioration of gas exchange in oleic acid-induced lung injury.
STOKES-ADAMS' DISEASE (HEART BLOCK).
Authors: WILLIAM HOUSE
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>DEFINITION AND HISTORY.</h3> Stokes-Adams disease or Adams-Stokes disease, sometimes called heart block, may be defined as bradycardia, continuous or recurrent, accompanied by paroxysmal attacks or syncope, with or without convulsions. It is eighty years since Adams of Dublin first described this condition. Twenty years later Stokes elaborated the description. The disease then seems to have sunk into a state of innocuous desuetude until 1893, when Huchard brought it to the attention of the profession, and in honor of the skilful clinicians who first observed it named it "Adams-Stokes Syndrome." Since then many cases have been described by various authors. <h3>ETIOLOGY.</h3> The disease occurs chiefly in males after the age of 30, the incidence increasing with the decades up to 60, when the frequency appears to lessen with the approach of senility. There has been a history of syphilis in some cases and in others a doubtful history. In the case
Evaluating CME Speakers
Authors: Timothy F. Christian, Robert O. Bonow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

To the Editor: We recently analyzed the results of the evaluation forms for nine speakers who participated in a continuing-medical-education (CME) symposium. There were 245 attendees, of whom 94 (38 percent) submitted evaluation forms. One speaker had to withdraw abruptly because of an unforeseen event before the scheduled presentation. The remaining eight speakers were graded very high (80 percent of the attendees gave them “excellent” or “good” mean scores for quality of presentation). The missing speaker was graded by 21 percent of the responders. The evaluations of the canceled presentation ran a little better than the mean; 88 percent scored . . .
314 A pilot study of a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic agent, pirfenidone, in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: J ARMENDARIZBORUNDA, M ISLASCARBAJAL, E MEZA, A RINCON, A ALVAREZ, Z GOODMAN, A SANDOVAL, A COVARRUBIAS, J MENCHACA, G ARECHIGA
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Theory and Technique of Problem-Oriented Therapy
Authors: A. Blaser, Ch. Ringer, M. Thommen, E. Heim
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

Problem-oriented therapy (POT) features the following essentials: problem orientation, eclecticism, patient orientation and brevity. These ingredients, above all the eclecticism, are detailed: diverse psychotherapeutic interventions are administered to foster awareness, modification of thought patterns, modification of behavior, emotionality, awareness of the body, ability to relax, and support. The required abilities of the therapist are mainly flexibility and transparency of his therapeutic actions. The definition of the problem which is negotiated together with the patient is decisive for the selection of the intervention strategy. An example illustrates the use of POT especially as in contrast to school-consistent traditional therapies.
Methylene blue–treated plasma: An increased allergy risk?
Authors: Paul Michel Mertes, Pascal Demoly, Annick Alperovitch, Agnès Bazin, Jacques Bienvenu, Cyril Caldani, Bernard Lamy, Dominique Laroche, Marie-Françoise Leconte des Floris, Jean-Yves Py, Danielle Rebibo, Béatrice Willaert, Christian Drouet, Monique Carlier, André Lienhart
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS OF PENTRAXIN-3 ARE ASSOCIATED WITH NEOINTIMAL TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION OF RESTENOSIS LESIONS AFTER BARE-METAL AND DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Kenji Kawai, Kenichi Fujii, Kojiro Miki, Masashi Fukunaga, Tsuyoshi Nakata, Masahiko Shibuya, Daizo Kawasaki, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SEPARATION OF THE RETINA
Authors: CASEY A. WOOD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

As the subject of this paper has not been presented to the Section for many years, I thought it might be profitable to discuss what seems to be the most important of the procedures now claiming our attention. <h3>HISTORICAL REVIEW</h3> Whether or not Saint-Yves (1722), Morgagni (1740), Wardrop (1818), and Panizza (1828) fully appreciated the condition later described as amotio sive sublatio retinæ, there can be no doubt that some of the findings referred to by them as hydrops subchorioidealis and hydrops chorioideæ internus were genuine examples of detachment of the retina. That William Mackenzie<sup>1</sup>was, even during the preophthalmoscopic era, well acquainted with the pupillary and anatomic appearances of detachment of the retina and the need for surgical interference in its treatment is quite evident from a perusual of his earliest textbook. He says,<i>inter alia:</i> It has been ascertained by dissection that a watery fluid is sometimes present
EFFECT OF PRE-HYPERTENSION ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS OF THE CAROTID ARTERY IN AFRICAN AMERICANS
Authors: Abul Kashem, Praveen Veerabhadrappa, Deb Feairheller, Keith Diaz, Sheara Williamson, Mohamad Alkhouli, Chirdeep Patel, Nabeel Memon, Debbie Ahrensfield, Deborah Crabbe, Anthony Eubanks, Michael Brown
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
AUTOSCOPY OF THE LARYNX AND OF THE TRACHEA.
Authors: M. THORNER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Dr. Alfred Kirstein, of Berlin, has of late perfected a method of examining the air passages without the aid of laryngeal mirrors, which he calls<i>autoscopy</i>. This word indicates, according to the inventor, a method by which the interior portions of the larynx and trachea<i>themselves</i>, can directly be seen, and<i>not</i>their<i>image</i>, as we are wont to see it in the usual way of laryngoscopic examination. The writer has seen some of the early experiments with this method, and has been able to watch its development to the present state of perfection; and from these observations as well as from his own experiences with this method, he is prepared to say that the autoscope must be considered, to say the least, a very important addition to our armamentarium. The development of this method from its beginnings is very interesting as it appears in the early publications of the
Pharmacologic and Mechanical Strategies for Preventing Venous Thromboembolism After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Daniel J. Brotman, Hasan M. Shihab, Kalpana R. Prakasa, Sosena Kebede, Elliott R. Haut, Ritu Sharma, Kenneth Shermock, Yohalakshmi Chelladurai, Sonal Singh, Jodi B. Segal
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

We sought to assess the comparative effectiveness and safety of pharmacologic and mechanical strategies to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. We searched (through August 2012) for primary studies that had at least 2 different interventions. Of 30 902 citations, we identified 8 studies of pharmacologic strategies and 5 studies of filter placement. No studies randomized patients to receive different interventions. One study suggested that low-molecular-weight heparin is more efficacious than unfractionated heparin in preventing VTE (0.25% vs 0.68%,<i>P</i>&lt; .001), with no significant difference in bleeding. One study suggested that prolonged therapy (after discharge) with enoxaparin sodium may prevent VTE better than inpatient treatment only. There was insufficient evidence supporting the hypothesis that filters reduce the risk of pulmonary embolism, with a point estimate suggesting increased rates with filters (pooled relative risk [RR], 1.21 95% CI, 0.57-2.56). There was low-grade evidence that filters are associated with higher mortality (pooled RR, 4.30 95% CI, 1.60-11.54) and higher deep vein thrombosis rates (2.94 1.35-6.38). There was insufficient evidence to support that augmented subcutaneous enoxaparin doses (&gt;40 mg daily or 30 mg twice daily) are more efficacious than standard dosing, with a trend toward increased bleeding. Of note, for both filters and augmented pharmacologic dosing strategies, patients at highest risk for VTE were more likely to receive more intensive interventions, limiting our ability to attribute outcomes to prophylactic strategies used.
Evolving the future: Toward a science of intentional change
Authors: David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes, Anthony Biglan, Dennis D. Embry
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Humans possess great capacity for behavioral and cultural change, but our ability to manage change is still limited. This article has two major objectives: first, to sketch a basic science of intentional change centered on evolution; second, to provide examples of intentional behavioral and cultural change from the applied behavioral sciences, which are largely unknown to the basic sciences community. All species have evolved mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity that enable them to respond adaptively to their environments. Some mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity count as evolutionary processes in their own right. The human capacity for symbolic thought provides an inheritance system having the same kind of combinatorial diversity as does genetic recombination and antibody formation. Taking these propositions seriously allows an integration of major traditions within the basic behavioral sciences, such as behaviorism, social constructivism, social psychology, cognitive psychology, and evolutionary psychology, which are often isolated and even conceptualized as opposed to one another. The applied behavioral sciences include well-validated examples of successfully managing behavioral and cultural change at scales ranging from individuals to small groups to large populations. However, these examples are largely unknown beyond their disciplinary boundaries, for lack of a unifying theoretical framework. Viewed from an evolutionary perspective, they are examples of managing evolved mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity, including open-ended processes of variation and selection. Once the many branches of the basic and applied behavioral sciences become conceptually unified, we are closer to a science of intentional change than one might think.
Wide Complex Tachycardia in a Patient With a Family History of Sudden Death
Authors: Rahman Shah, A. Gregory Deam
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Amaninhis late40spresentedto theemergencydepartmentwith recurrentpalpitationanddizziness.Hedeniedhavinganychestpain or anyhistoryof smoking, drugabuse, or alcohol use.His fatherhad died suddenly in his late 30s. While undergoing the workup in the emergency department, he developed wide complex tachycardia (WCT) (Figure 1). Hewas given intravenous amiodarone. However, the WCT persisted, and he became hypotensive, requiring cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm. His baseline electrocardiographic (ECG) findings during sinus rhythm are shown in Figure 2. Questions: What are the red flags in baseline ECG findings (Figure 2) of a patient with a family history of sudden death?What is the most likely cause of his WCT?
Guido Majno, MD: raconteur of medical lore
Authors: Catherine Macek
Journal: JAMA (1982)

It all started with a leisurely one-week perusal of the literature on blood vessels. Next thing he knew, it was a 20-year project tracing the history of wound healing. It could only happen to someone who finds the history of medicine as fascinating as the practice of it. "I think there is a link between pathology and history—they're both about mechanisms," says Guido Majno, MD, chairman of pathology at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester and author of the former Book-of-the-Month Club offering,<i>The Healing Hand</i>, published in 1975 (Harvard University Press, Cambridge). "Many historians of medicine were pathologists, and if you're interested in mechanisms you become a pathologist." Majno's desire to understand why and how medicine evolved led him to original manuscripts from the ancient civilizations of Greece, Rome, Egypt, China, India, and Iran, among others. Because of this, reading<i>The Healing Hand</i>is like going through
RIGHT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION AFTER PERCUTANEOUS MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY IN MITRAL STENOSIS: DETERMINANTS FACTORS AND IMPACT ON LONG-TERM OUTCOME
Authors: Maria Carmo Nunes, Timothy Tan, Bruno Nascimento, Lucas Lodi-Junqueira, Sammy Elmariah, Ignacio Inglessis, William Esteves, Robert Levine, Igor Palacios, Judy Hung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)