tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Truncus arteriosus communis. Unusual case associated with transposition.
Authors: P Angelini, A L Verdugo, J P Illera, R D Leachman
Journal: Circulation (1977)

A child with truncus arteriosus communis, characterized by the posterior origin of an individualized pulmonary trunk is presented. This relationship between the great arteries is unusual in truncus arteriosus communis and the spatial orientation resembles that seen in transposition of the great vessels. A brief discussion is proposed about a proper terminology in this type of complex anomaly.
Breast Cancer: The Psychological Effects of the Disease and Its Treatment
Authors: Dorothy M. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Certain parts of the body are more heavily invested with significance and emotionality than others. The heart, for example, has been long and widely extolled in literature and fable. Emerson, in "Ode to Beauty," advocates, "Obey thy heart... Let nothing refuse." For the developing female, the breasts are the organ that play an important role both symbolically and actually. They are the visible sign that indicate to the adolescent girl that she will be like her mother and other women. The breasts become the emblem of femininity and are a basic core on which women base their self-esteem. In the past, the breasts have even been designated as the seat of woman's emotionality. The author of this book addresses herself to the psychological response of the woman in whom a malignant neoplasm of the breast develops and who faces loss of this important symbolic organ. She bases her book on
Immunoprophylaxis against Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1
Authors: Miroslaw K Gorny, Susan Zolla-Pazner
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

In resource-limited settings, there is a high risk of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. The rate of MTCT without specific intervention and with an extended time of breast-feeding is about 35%–40% [ 1], a figure that results in the infection of about 750,000 children every year worldwide [ 2]. A single dose of nevirapine can reduce the rate of MTCT by 42%, but it selects for drug-resistant variants in as many as 75% of mothers receiving this treatment [ 3]. As multiple-drug treatment is rarely available in developing countries, and breast-feeding often continues for at least two years after delivery, the concept of preventing MTCT transmission by passive administration of antibodies, by the use of antibodies and drugs, or by the use of combined active–passive immunization is attracting increasing attention [ 4].
Health Advisory for Low–Molecular-Weight Heparins and Heparinoids
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE CALORIGENETIC ACTION OF THYROXIN AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF BASAL METABOLISM IN MYXEDEMA
Authors: Willard Owen Thompson, Phebe K. Thompson, Allen G. Brailey, Archibald C. Cohen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1929)

Basal metabolic rates were determined with the Roth-Benedict apparatus, using Aub-DuBois stndards.We used Squibb's thyroxin and Armour's desiccated thyroid. DATAThe course of the basal metabolic rate, of the pulse and of the weight in each instance, is depicted in figures 1 and 2. The effect of each injection on the basal metabolism is shown in detail in figures 3 and 4. The temperature reactions after each injection are shown in figures 5 and 6.The general clinical course of the toxic effects of an injection of thyroxin has been described by Boothby, Sandiford, Sandiford and Slosse (2), but detailed descriptions of the onset and duration of both toxic and beneficial effects in their relation to metabolism, have not been reported.For this reason, the clinical histories of these two patients are given in detail.Case 1 (figs.1, 3 and 5).Lab.No. 4671.Mrs. E. G. Age 48.A case of un- treated typical myxedema.On entering the hospital May 7th, 1927, her face was puffy, and she had swelling of the hands and legs which felt numb and clumsy.She had gained 60 pounds in the last four years.Her tongue was thick and her
Structural information in diffuse diffraction patterns
Authors: J. H. Konnert
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

The radiation diffraction pattern for amorphous materials requires special analysis for information on atomic groupings. Powdered crystalline material may also give diffuse patterns requiring this type of analysis. Absence of a sharp diffraction pattern does not necessarily indicate absence of the material. Examples are given for chrysotile and powdered chrysotile.
Liraglutide-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Emily Kern, Lisa B. VanWagner, Guang-Yu Yang, Mary E. Rinella
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Use of incretin-based hypoglycemic agents is increasing, but safety data remain limited. We treated a woman with marker-negative autoimmune hepatitis associated with the glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist liraglutide.A young woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and vitiligo presented with a 10-day history of acute hepatitis. Other than starting liraglutide therapy 4 months prior, she reported no changes in medication therapy and no use of supplements. At admission, aspartate aminotransferase level was 991 U/L; alanine aminotransferase level, 1123 U/L; total bilirubin level, 9.5 mg/dL; and international normalized ratio, 1.3. Results of a liver biopsy demonstrated interface hepatitis with prominent eosinophils and rare plasma cells. The patient's liraglutide therapy was withheld at discharge but her symptoms worsened. A second biopsy specimen revealed massive hepatic necrosis. She started oral prednisone therapy for presumed liraglutide-induced marker-negative autoimmune hepatitis.This case represents, to our knowledge, the first report of liraglutide-induced autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatotoxicity may be an incretin analogue class effect with a long latency period. This case raises prescriber awareness about the potential adverse effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists. Postmarketing studies are needed to define the hepatotoxic potential of these agents.
Potential Barriers to Diabetes Care
Authors: Stuart J Cohen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

To examine a potential reason why physicians sometimes fail to adhere to standards of care with which they are in agreement, 103 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus were interviewed immediately after their doctor's appointment in a general medicine clinic of a city/county hospital. The mean age of the patients was 57 yr and the average duration of diabetes was 9 yr. Sixty percent of these patients had their feet examined. A major factor in determining the physicians behavior was whether the nurse or aide had the patient remove his shoes and socks before being seen by the physician. Physicians were more than three times as likely to perform foot examinations when patients were presented barefoot than when presented wearing shoes and socks. Rarely in medical and continuing medical education do we consider how clinic routines can influence physician's behavior in the management of diabetes.
Methadone Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Vincent P. Dole
Journal: JAMA (1976)

TEN YEARS ago inThe Journal, we reported on the use of methadone hydrochloride to treat a small group of intractable heroin addicts. The encouraging results of this pilot experiment suggested that larger-scale maintenance programs might provide a treatment alternative for a significant number of heroin addicts. To some extent this expectation has been supported by the experience of clinicians using methadone in treatment programs throughout the United States and abroad. Many thousands of former heroin addicts have been rehabilitated, but on balance today, it must be recognized that the projections of ten years ago were overly optimistic. The great majority of heroin addicts in our cities remain on the streets, and the programs have lost their ability to attract them to treatment. An unfortunate consequence of the early enthusiasm for methadone treatment is today's general disenchantment with chemotherapy for addicts. What was not anticipated at the onset was the
A Subliminal Miscarriage.
Authors: D. Lichty
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Rockford, Ill., April 10, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Probably more errors occur in subliminal argument through inductive conclusions, from the employment of indifferent or false data than is realized in our common philosophy; conclusions are drawn and made positive from simple parallels or seeming coincidences, and applied in theory as though actual facts; especially is this true where narrow ardor or impoverished avidity seeks to gratify a pretense, or fit a vacuum. In no phase of philosophy is this truer than in the interminable maze of psychiatry where we deal with those attributes which make man kin to Deity and "only a little lower than the angels"; where the border line between mediocrity and madness is as meager and tortuous as the tracks of the sea in a tempest; where Hahnemann was, and Eddy and Dowie are now floundering; and the foam and spray they raise is wrecking by its
Some problems with the lexical status of nondefault inflection
Authors: Peter Indefrey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Clahsen's characterization of nondefault inflection as based exclusively on lexical entries does not capture the full range of empirical data on German inflection. In the verb system differential effects of lexical frequency seem to be input-related rather than affecting morphological production. In the noun system, the generalization properties of -n and -e plurals exceed mere analogy-based productivity.
Pain relief in active patients with cancer
Authors: C. F B Regnard, K. Mannix, J E. Charlton, J. W Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The nature of the relation between multiple sclerosis and vitamin B12 deficiency in these cases is unclear; as it might, however, offer a clue to the understanding of an obscure neurological disease4 and as vitamin B12 is widely prescribed as a placebo in multiple sclerosis it seems to be an association worth more detailed investigation.I would there- fore be grateful to hear of any further examples from your readers.
Obligate role of macrophage colony-stimulating factor for the development of neointimal thickening following arterial injury
Authors: Tripathi B. Rajavashisth, Ming Liu, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Jagannath Tripathi, Pinky Tripathi, Arthur Loussararian, Peter Libby, Hiroyasu Uzui, Aatish Kumar, Terence M. Doherty, Bojan Cercek, Sanjay Kaul, Prediman K. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Coronary venous retroinfusion of procainamide: A new approach for the management of spontaneous and inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia during myocardial infarction
Authors: Hrayr S. Karagueuzian, Masao Ohta, J. Kevin Drury, Michael C. Fishbein, Samuel Meerbaum, Eliot Corday, William J. Mandel, Thomas Peter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Neuropathology of HIV infection in haemophiliacs: comparative necropsy study.
Authors: M. M. Esiri, F. Scaravilli, P. R. Millard, J. N. Harcourt-Webster
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To discover whether pathological and neuropathological findings at necropsy are different in haemophiliacs and other subjects positive for HIV. DESIGN--Pathological and neuropathological findings at necropsy were compared in haemophiliacs and non-haemophiliacs, most of them homosexual men. SETTING--Necropsies performed in the south of England. SUBJECTS--11 Haemophiliacs (mean age 41, range 15-69) and 31 non-haemophiliacs, 29 of whom were homosexual men (mean age 40, range 21-60). AIDS was diagnosed before death in four haemophiliacs and all but one of the non-haemophiliacs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Prevalence of various forms of neuropathology and systemic pathology in the haemophiliacs and non-haemophiliacs, compared with Fisher9s exact test. RESULTS--The prevalences of opportunistic infections of the central nervous system were significantly higher in the non-haemophiliacs (cerebral toxoplasmosis 23% (7), progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy 10% (3), and cerebral cytomegalovirus infection 19% (6) in the non-haemophiliacs v no cases in the haemophiliacs). The prevalences of fresh and old intracranial haemorrhages and cirrhosis of the liver were significantly higher in the haemophiliacs (fresh intracranial haemorrhage 45% (5), old intracranial haemorrhage 36% (4), and cirrhosis of the liver 27% (3) in the haemophiliacs v no cases in the non-haemophiliacs). The prevalence of neuropathological changes in the non-haemophiliacs was similar to that found in other necropsy series. CONCLUSIONS--The main causes of death in haemophiliacs positive for HIV included intracranial haemorrhage and cirrhosis of the liver. The haemophiliacs died when the characteristic neuropathological changes associated with HIV infection were at a fairly early stage in their development.
Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary-Reply
Authors: William R. Hendee
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We very much appreciate the comments by Drs Rieger and Ganser concerning the definition of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. The comments of both of our colleagues are well taken and suggest a preventive medicine model that is applicable to the prevention of adolescent pregnancy.
How a rare diagnosis caused me to sprain my ankle
Authors: J. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2002)

patients had depression or anxiety according to the general health questionnaire and had never received a diagnosis from their general practitioner.These 16 patients had severe symptoms (mean score on general health questionnaire 6.4, 4.8 to 7.9).Twelve (14%, 7% to 23%) of the 88 patients without a diagnosis were cases according to the clinical interview schedule or had daily activities adversely affected by anxiety or depression according to the short form health survey. 4 5
WHICH TYPE OF STATIN CAN PROMOTE OPTIMAL NEOINTIMAL COVERAGE AFTER SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IMPLANTATION WATER-SOLUBLE STATIN OR LIPID-SOLUBLE STATIN?
Authors: Ryu Shutta, Masami Nishino, Naotaka Okamoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Atsushi Kikuchi, Takeshi Masaki, Naoki Mori, Yasuharu Lee, Daisuke Nakamura, Takahiro Yoshimura, Masayuki Taniike, Nobuhiko Makino, Hiroyasu Kato, Yasuyuki Egami, Hisaki Morita, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada, Osaka Rosai Hospital
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Five year results show success of first tissue engineered trachea transplant
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The first tissue engineered airway transplantation remains successful five years on, with the patient enjoying a good quality of life and no immunological complications or rejection of the implanted airway.

In 2008 a 30 year old Colombian woman was given a new section of tissue engineered trachea after part of her own trachea collapsed as a result of complications of tuberculosis.1 An …
The two study groups may not be comparable
Authors: D. Gunnell
Journal: BMJ (1995)

problem of efficacy has to be incorporated into the discussion on antidepressants and suicide.5That debate arose from a Swedish study analogous to that of Jick and colleagues, in which a large proportion of the patients committing suicide had not taken antidepressants.2Interestingly, in that study mianserin and moclobemide were associated with a high rate of suicide relative to their overall consumption.Several clinical reports suggest that moclobemide is less effective than tricyclic anti- depressants.
Lichen planus: study with anti-human T lymphocyte antigen (anti-HTLA) serum on frozen tissue sections
Authors: ANNA ALARIO, JEAN-PAUL ORTONNE, DANIEL SCHMITT, JEAN THIVOLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

The lymphocytic infiltrate of lichen planus was studied by the identification of the human T lymphocyte antigen in frozen tissue sections using specific anti-human T lymphocytes antigen antiserum. The infiltrate was shown to be composed principally of T lymphocytes.
What is the Prognostic Value of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using Rubidium-82 Positron Emission Tomography?
Authors: Keiichiro Yoshinaga, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Kathryn Williams, Li Chen, Robert A. deKemp, Linda Garrard, Alexander Lok-Tin Szeto, May Aung, Ross A. Davies, Terrence D. Ruddy, Rob S.B. Beanlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Fatal Nonbacterial Pneumonia Associated With Adenovirus Type 4
Authors: Stuart Levin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Fatal nonbacterial pneumonia occurred in a previously healthy young adult. Epidemiological, virological, and pathological studies suggest an etiological relationship between adenovirus type 4 isolation and this fatal pneumonia. This is the first such relationship in a previously healthy adult which has been reported to our knowledge.
RUNX1-dependent RAG1 deposition instigates human TCR-δ locus rearrangement
Authors: Agata Cieslak, Sandrine Le Noir, Amélie Trinquand, Ludovic Lhermitte, Don-Marc Franchini, Patrick Villarese, Stéphanie Gon, Jonathan Bond, Mathieu Simonin, Laurent Vanhille, Christian Reimann, Els Verhoeyen, Jerome Larghero, Emmanuelle Six, Salvatore Spicuglia, Isabelle André-Schmutz, Anton Langerak, Bertrand Nadel, Elizabeth Macintyre, Dominique Payet-Bornet, Vahid Asnafi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2014)

V(D)J recombination of TCR loci is regulated by chromatin accessibility to RAG1/2 proteins, rendering RAG1/2 targeting a potentially important regulator of lymphoid differentiation. We show that within the human TCR-α/δ locus, Dδ2-Dδ3 rearrangements occur at a very immature thymic, CD34(+)/CD1a(-)/CD7(+dim) stage, before Dδ2(Dδ3)-Jδ1 rearrangements. These strictly ordered rearrangements are regulated by mechanisms acting beyond chromatin accessibility. Importantly, direct Dδ2-Jδ1 rearrangements are prohibited by a B12/23 restriction and ordered human TCR-δ gene assembly requires RUNX1 protein, which binds to the Dδ2-23RSS, interacts with RAG1, and enhances RAG1 deposition at this site. This RUNX1-mediated V(D)J recombinase targeting imposes the use of two Dδ gene segments in human TCR-δ chains. Absence of this RUNX1 binding site in the homologous mouse Dδ1-23RSS provides a molecular explanation for the lack of ordered TCR-δ gene assembly in mice and may underlie differences in early lymphoid differentiation between these species.
Lithocholate glucuronide is a cholestatic agent.
Authors: D G Oelberg, M V Chari, J M Little, E W Adcock, R Lester
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Lithocholic acid and its taurine, glycine, and sulfate derivatives are potent cholestatic agents. Lithocholate glucuronide is present in the plasma and urine of patients with cholestatic syndromes, but little is known of its metabolism, excretion, and cholestatic potential. [3 beta-3H]lithocholate 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide was synthesized, and chemical and radiochemical purity were established. The aqueous solubility of lithocholate glucuronide was determined and found to be greater than that of lithocholic acid or several of its derivatives. In the range of concentrations examined, calcium ions precipitated lithocholate glucuronide stoichiometrically. The material was administered to rats prepared with an external biliary fistula. When 17-25 micrograms quantities were administered, 89.1 +/- 4.5% (mean +/- SEM) of the radiolabel was secreted in bile within the first 20 h after administration, the major fraction being secreted in less than 20 min. Four-fifths of the radiolabeled material in bile was the administered unaltered parent compound, while a minor fraction consisted of a more polar derivative(s). We showed that increasing biliary concentrations of more polar derivatives were observed with milligram doses of [3H]lithocholate glucuronide, and with time after the administration of these loading doses. Milligram doses of [3H]lithocholate glucuronide resulted in partial or complete cholestasis. When induced cholestasis was partial, secretion in bile remained the primary excretory route (82.5-105.6% recovery in bile), while, when complete cholestasis was induced, wide tissue distribution of radiolabel was observed. Cholestasis developed rapidly during infusion of [3H]lithocholate glucuronide. Bile flow was diminished within 10-20 min of the start of an infusion of 0.05 mumol, 100 g-1 body weight, minute-1, administered concomitantly with an equimolar infusion of taurocholate. The results establish that lithocholate glucuronide exerts cholestatic effects comparable to those exerted by unconjugated lithocholic acid.
HEAT REGULATORY STUDIES IN PACHYDERMOPERIOSTOSIS
Authors: M. A. MENTER, J. W. SNELLEN, D. MITCHELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

A calorimetric study in a patient with a pachydermoperiostosis points to a peripheral (possibly mitochondriat) cause for abnormalities in heat production. An improvement in the patient's appearance was obtained by plastic surgery.
Importance of the carotid sinus baroreceptors in the regulation of myocardial performance
Authors: Gerald Glick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

The question of whether the carotid sinus baroreceptors modulate myocardial performance remains controversial. Several studies that have stressed their importance have been criticized because the possible role of cerebral ischemia and of other important variables was not eliminated. To reinvestigate this problem, we studied 21 dogs placed on total cardiopulmonary bypass. In each of these animals the carotid sinus regions were isolated and perfused with fully oxygenated blood at a constant flow rate; perfusion pressure was changed by varying the resistance to outflow from the isolated segments. Several indices of myocardial performance were assessed: right and left ventricular contractile force with Walton-Brodie strain gauge arches; the maximal rate of change in contractile force, dF/dt; the pressure developed within an isovolumic balloon inserted into the left ventricle; and the maximal rate of change of this pressure, dP/dt. When the pressure distending the carotid sinuses was raised from an average value of 34.1 ±2.8 (SEM) mm Hg to 190.1 ±4.7 mm Hg, right ventricular contractile force fell 14.9 ±2.3% (P < 0.001); right ventricular dF/dt decreased 16.7 ±3.0% (P < 0.01); left ventricular contractile force declined 14.9 ±3.3% (P < 0.01); left ventricular dF/dt fell 19.3 ±4.0% (P < 0.01); peak systolic pressure in the isovolumic balloon declined 18.2 ±3.7% (P < 0.001); and dP/dt decreased 34.1 ±4.0% (P < 0.01). Prior adrenalectomy and vagotomy and maintenance of heart rate at a constant level did not influence these results. The inverse relation between carotid sinus perfusion pressure and the indices of contractility that was observed in this investigation strongly suggests that the carotid sinus baroreceptors are an important regulatory mechanism in the control of myocardial performance.