tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapid Radioimmunoassay Diagnosis of Legionnaires' Disease
Authors: RICHARD B. KOHLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Urine from nine patients with serogroup 1 Legionnaires' disease, 100 with infected or contaminated urine, 50 with bacteremic infections, 26 with infectious or infiltrative pulmonary diseases, and 65 with miscellaneous infectious or noninfectious illnesses, was examined by radioimmunoassay for the presence of Legionella pneumophila antigen(s). Urine of all nine Legionnaires' disease patients was clearly differentiated from that of the 241 control subjects by the assay. The antigen was detected from 2 to at least 10 days after the initiation of erythromycin therapy. A probable false-positive results occurred in a patient with necrotizing nosocomial pneumonia who died before definitive serologic evaluation for Legionnaires' disease could be completed. The antigen was stable at 100 degrees C for 30 minutes and was not degraded by trypsin. Its elution behavior suggested that its molecular weight is approximately 10 000. The radioimmunoassay appears to be a useful method for rapidly diagnosing serogroup 1 Legionnaires' disease.
Putting Prevention into Practice: The Physician's Role
Authors: Tom Reynolds
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 October 1998Putting Prevention into Practice: The Physician's RoleTom ReynoldsTom ReynoldsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00043 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Clinical preventive services, such as screening tests, immunizations, and behavioral change counseling, should be a key component of the shift away from a reactive, disease-oriented medical culture toward a proactive, health-based one. But many of these services, studies show, are being honored more in the breach than in the observance.A 1997 report by the National Committee for Quality Assurance showed that nationwide delivery of preventive services by managed care plans varies widely. For example, in 1996, 81% of New England children younger than 2 years of age who were in managed care plans received appropriate immunizations, compared with only ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Tom Reynolds PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8 Page: 679-680 Keywords Behavior Child health Computers Health care Internet Mammography Motivation Patients Preventive medicine Smoking habits ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Education of Residents
Authors: J. Maurice Mahan
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Pinkerton et al (1980;244:2183) is extremely important for all who are interested in improving resident education, but some implications made by the authors are misleading. The authors' findings that videotape presentations increased knowledge but did not change performance in relation to patient care seem to be sound in terms of design and analysis. The problem with the article comes from its institution of a six-week intensive monitoring procedure with individual feedback for third-year residents. Although this intensive procedure did achieve the desired performance results, the authors did not do a three- or four-month follow-up study to see if this behavior was maintained without close monitoring. The authors' statement that "only subsequent individual monitoring and reinforcement achieved the desired behavior" leads to the conclusion that the monitoring was effective in changing performance, but we do not know whether this is a relatively permanent change or
Phenylalanine kinetics in human adipose tissue.
Authors: S W Coppack, M Persson, J M Miles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Very little is known about the regulation of protein metabolism in adipose tissue. In this study systemic, adipose tissue, and forearm phenylalanine kinetics were determined in healthy postabsorptive volunteers before and during a 2-h glucose infusion (7 mg.kg-1.min-1). [3H]Phenylalanine was infused and blood was sampled from a radial artery, a subcutaneous abdominal vein, and a deep forearm vein. Adipose tissue and forearm blood flow were measured with 133Xe and plethysmography, respectively, and body fat mass was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. During glucose infusion, glucose concentration increased from 86 +/- 2 to 228 +/- 13 mg/dl and insulin concentration increased from 6.6 +/- 0.6 to 35.0 +/- 3.9 mU/liter, both P < 0.001. Systemic phenylalanine appearance decreased from 40.3 +/- 1.9 to 37.0 +/- 1.6 mumol/min during glucose infusion (P < 0.05). Baseline whole body adipose tissue phenylalanine release (5.2 +/- 1.4 mumol/min) was approximately 12% of systemic phenylalanine appearance and decreased (P < 0.05) to 2.3 +/- 0.9 mumol/min during glucose infusion. In contrast, phenylalanine release from the forearm did not change during glucose infusion. These results indicate that adipose tissue is a small but significant contributor to systemic phenylalanine appearance. Phenylalanine release from adipose tissue like lipolysis, is relatively sensitive to hyperinsulinemia.
Transient Brain Hyperperfusion Detected With I-123 IMP SPECT in a Patient With Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Atsutaka Okizaki, Noriyuki Shuke, Junichi Sato, Naoki Maruyama, Masakazu Haneda, Tamio Aburano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We report the case of a 25-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. She complained of headache and left hemiparesis and was admitted to our hospital. She was in a coma after admission. Brain MRI showed no abnormalities, but brain single photon emission computed tomography showed diffuse hyperperfusion in the right frontal and temporal lobes. The calculated measured regional cerebral blood flow in the right hemisphere was increased to 40 to 55 mL/100 g/min, and that in the left was within the normal range of 25 to 35 mL/100 g/min. Two months later, the hyperperfusion was disappeared. The hyperperfusion could be explained by inflammatory changes.
Generation of highly potent nonviral gene vectors by complexation of lipoplexes and transferrin-bearing fusogenic polymer-modified liposomes in aqueous glucose solution
Authors: Naoki Sakaguchi, Chie Kojima, Atsushi Harada, Kazunori Koiwai, Kazuhiro Shimizu, Nobuhiko Emi, Kenji Kono
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)
Clinical Research to Clinical Practice — Lost in Translation?
Authors: Claude Lenfant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In the past 50 years we have made substantial progress in understanding the biology of disease and in devising new ways to prevent or treat it. However, there has been a substantial lag in applying what we know to actual patient care. In this article, based on his Shattuck Lecture, Claude Lenfant outlines the magnitude of the problem of translating research knowledge into clinical practice and offers suggestions for closing this gap.
S-adenosylmethionine prevents mallory denk body formation in drug-primed mice by inhibiting the epigenetic memory
Authors: Jun Li, Fawzia Bardag-Gorce, Jennifer Dedes, Barbara Alan French, Fataneh Amidi, Joan Oliva, Samuel William French
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

In previous studies, microarray analysis of livers from mice fed diethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridine decarboxylate (DDC) for 10 weeks followed by 1 month of drug withdrawal (drug-primed mice) and then 7 days of drug refeeding showed an increase in the expression of numerous genes referred to here as the molecular cellular memory. This memory predisposes the liver to Mallory Denk body formation in response to drug refeeding. In the current study, drug-primed mice were refed DDC with or without a daily dose of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe; 4 g/kg of body weight). The livers were studied for evidence of oxidative stress and changes in gene expression with microarray analysis. SAMe prevented Mallory Denk body formation in vivo . The molecular cellular memory induced by DDC refeeding lasted for 4 months after drug withdrawal and was not manifest when SAMe was added to the diet in the in vivo experiment. Liver cells from drug-primed mice spontaneously formed Mallory Denk bodies in primary tissue cultures. SAMe prevented Mallory Denk bodies when it was added to the culture medium. Conclusion: SAMe treatment prevented Mallory Denk body formation in vivo and in vitro by preventing the expression of a molecular cellular memory induced by prior DDC feeding. No evidence for the involvement of oxidative stress in induction of the memory was found. The molecular memory included the up-regulation of the expression of genes associated with the development of liver cell preneoplasia. (Hepatology 2007.) ( This is a corrected version of the abstract first published online on 20 December 2007 — the corrected version appears in print. )
Re: Matthias Oelke, François Giuliano, Vincenzo Mirone, Lei Xu, David Cox, Lars Viktrup. Monotherapy with Tadalafil or Tamsulosin Similarly Improved Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in an International, Randomised, Parallel, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Eur Urol 2012; 61:917–25.
Authors: Neeraj Kumar Goyal, Apul Goel, Rahul Yadav
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Scintigraphic Detection of I-125 Seeds Migration After Permanent Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Miyako Morooka, Kazuo Kubota, Yuzuru Kono, Kimiteru Ito, Kyoko Kurihara, Takuya Mitsumoto, Takashi Sato, Yoshiko Oshiro, Takashi Aruga, Kanehiro Hasuo, Mikio Kanemura, Shigeru Minowada
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Radioactive seed implantation for the treatment of early-stage prostate cancer has become popular. Implanted I-125 seeds for brachytherapy are vulnerable to migration away from the prostate gland during dose delivery. It may result in altered dose distribution or unexpected seed embolization. Because of its small size (0.5 × 4.4 mm), the detection rate of migrated seeds using conventional x-rays is not satisfactory. We have developed a new scintigraphic method with 100% sensitivity, covering all low I-125 seed photopeaks. It may become the mainstream of monitoring seed migration instead of x-ray. We present some interesting cases, which were never expected without using scintigraphic detection.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis
Authors: Raghu Kalluri, Eric G. Neilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central mechanism for diversifying the cells found in complex tissues. This dynamic process helps organize the formation of the body plan, and while EMT is well studied in the context of embryonic development, it also plays a role in the genesis of fibroblasts during organ fibrosis in adult tissues. Emerging evidence from studies of renal fibrosis suggests that more than a third of all disease-related fibroblasts originate from tubular epithelia at the site of injury. This review highlights recent advances in the process of EMT signaling in health and disease and how it may be attenuated or reversed by selective cytokines and growth factors.
Abstract PR2: A systems biology approach to elucidating the consequences of complex ternary interactions of heparin, FGF ligands, and FGF receptor on downstream signaling in NSCLC cells
Authors: Diana H. Chai, Jaeyeon Kim, Jannik Vollmer, Andrijana Radivojevic, Jitendra Kanodia, Marco Muda, Birgit Schoeberl
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Autocrine/paracrine FGF signaling has been implicated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and progression. In multiple NSCLC cell lines, a switch from FGFR2-IIIb expressed in lung epithelial cells to FGFR1-IIIc and FGFR2-IIIc, results in autocrine response to FGF2 and FGF9 ligands also expressed by these cell lines. FGF2 and FGFR1 expression have also been detected in patient samples and shown to correlate with short survival times. The FGF signaling complex involves a ternary interaction of FGF ligand, receptor, and heparin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (HSGAGs). HSGAGs bind directly to both ligand and receptor, and can serve both to stabilize the receptor-ligand complex and to sequester autocrine/paracrine ligands, increasing local concentrations. A systems approach combining experiment and modeling was used to understand the complex interplay of these components and their implications on cell signaling and behavior. We focused on the signaling behavior of NSCLC cell line NCI-H1703, which predominantly expressed FGFR1. We interrogated pathway dynamics with both FGF2 and FGF9 ligands and found varying Erk1/2 activation kinetics. Using a model encompassing the ternary complex formation in the cellular membrane, ligand-mediated receptor dimerization and phosphorylation, and subsequent kinase cascade to activate Erk1/2, we were able to identify potential mechanisms driving these differences. Additional perturbations of extracellular interactions and intracellular signaling were able to support these hypotheses. These results highlight the role of the extracellular interactions between ligand, receptor, and HSGAGs in controlling downstream behavior. This proffered talk is also presented as Poster A5. Citation Format: Diana H. Chai, Jaeyeon Kim, Jannik Vollmer, Andrijana Radivojevic, Jitendra Kanodia, Marco Muda, Birgit Schoeberl. A systems biology approach to elucidating the consequences of complex ternary interactions of heparin, FGF ligands, and FGF receptor on downstream signaling in NSCLC cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chemical Systems Biology: Assembling and Interrogating Computational Models of the Cancer Cell by Chemical Perturbations; 2012 Jun 27-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR2.
A New Mask for Delivering Oxygen or Other Gases
Authors: M. Catterall
Journal: BMJ (1960)

BMEIA 1941 more difficult the nearer the patient is to term ; conse- quently the risk to the patient is greater near term.(3) The foetal mortality is related to the severity of the appendicitis rather than to the duration of the preg- nancy.Abortion or premature labour has little adverse effect on the maternal prognosis. (4)Previous appendicitis with adhesions will adversely affect the prognosis of subsequent appendicular inflammation in pregnancy.When appendicitis is diagnosed in a woman the appendix should be removed.( 5) The treatment of choice is appendicectomy, without interference with the pregnancy.I thank mv consultant colleagues for their permission to refer to the case-records of their patients, and for the help and advice of Sir Andrew Claye and Miss U. M. Lister in the preparation of this article.
Abstract 2231: The prevalence of EGFR and KRAS mutations in a population of African immigrants in France is closer to that of Asian populations than to white Europeans
Authors: Antoinette Lemoine, Raphael Saffroy, Nelly Bosselut, Emmanuel Lecorche, Reza Etessami, Marc A. Allard, Jean Tredaniel, Andre Balaton, Pierre Validire, Jean F. Morere
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The choice of treatment for patients with NSCLC relies on the EGFR and KRAS mutational status. Previous studies have reported differences in prevalence of mutations between Asiatics, Hispanics and Caucasians. However, there is few data with respect to the frequencies of EGFR and KRAS mutations in patients originated from Africa, who represent the largest immigrant population in France. Between May 2011 and November 2013, a mutational analysis for KRAS and EGRF has been performed in tumor samples from 1,973 consecutive patients with NSCLC at a single oncogenetic platform. Demographic and clinical data of all these patients were extracted from their electronic medical record and analyzed. Our study population included 1,739 (88%) white Europeans, 204 (10%) patients from Africa and 30 (2%) patients from Asia (mostly from Vietnam or Cambodge). As expected, the higher prevalence of EGFR mutations was found in Asiatic women (50%), the lower was observed in Caucasian women population (17%, p&amp;lt;0.001). This low frequency of EGFR mutations has already been reported in other European populations. Surprisingly, EGFR mutations rate was as high as 32% in African women patients (p&amp;lt;0.001), whereas African men exhibited a very low frequency of EGFR mutations (5%, p&amp;lt;0.001) as well as the French non immigrant patients (6%). KRAS mutation rate was higher among white European (26%) than Asiatic (10%) or African (10%) patients. Although KRAS mutation rate did not differ by sex in white Europeans (men 25% versus women 27%, respectively), it was 3 fold more frequent in men than in women among African (19% versus 5%, respectively, p&amp;lt;0.001) and Asiatic patients.Therefore EGFR or KRAS mutation rates in African immigrant population in France are closer to those observed in Asians or even Hispanics, than in Caucasians. These frequencies also differ from those reported in African Americans. The ancestral and recent migration of populations as well as social habits could explain these results. Citation Format: Antoinette Lemoine, Raphael Saffroy, Nelly Bosselut, Emmanuel Lecorche, Reza Etessami, Marc A. Allard, Jean Tredaniel, Andre Balaton, Pierre Validire, Jean F. Morere. The prevalence of EGFR and KRAS mutations in a population of African immigrants in France is closer to that of Asian populations than to white Europeans. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2231. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2231
Amniotic fluid embolism: case with biochemical findings.
Authors: J. Willocks, J. G. Mone, W. J. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Clinical involvement of the central nervous system occurs only in a very small proportion of cases of virus infection, usually at the end of viraemia and often at a time when antibodies are already detectable.After the end of viraemia, virus multiplication appears to continue, at least for a period, in certain tissues, including the central nervous system.Encephal- itis can present a histological picture, ranging from almost pure neuronal destruction to a largely inflammatory picture with minimal neuronal damage.The latter seems to be associated with the presence of partial immunity.There is experimental evidence that the administration of antibody at a critical time during the course of the infection may aggravate the inflamma- tory reaction, and that suppression of the immune response may ameliorate it.The possibility is discussed that the inflamma- tory aspect of the tissue reaction to virus infection is due to an interaction between the virus and the host immune response.Some ideas are put forward to suggest how virus infections might be responsible for some of the more chronic neurological disorders
Periodontal Disease and Coronary Heart Disease Risk
Authors: Philippe P. Hujoel, Mark Drangsholt, Charles Spiekerman, Timothy A. DeRouen
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextResearch has suggested a relationship between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD), but data on the association between these 2 common conditions are inconclusive due to the possibility of confounding.ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of CHD in persons with periodontitis, gingivitis, or no periodontal disease.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, conducted in 1982-1984, 1986, 1987, and 1992.ParticipantsA total of 8032 dentate adults aged 25 to 74 years with no reported history of cardiovascular disease, including 1859 individuals with periodontitis, 2421 with gingivitis, and 3752 with healthy periodontal tissues.Main Outcome MeasureFirst occurrence of death from CHD or hospitalization due to CHD, or revascularization procedures, obtained from death certificates and medical records, by baseline periodontal status.ResultsDuring follow-up, 1265 individuals had at least 1 CHD event, including CHD fatality (n = 468) or at least 1 hospitalization with a diagnosis of CHD (n = 1022), including coronary revascularization procedures (n = 155). After adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors, gingivitis was not associated with CHD (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.26), while periodontitis was associated with a nonsignificant increased risk for CHD event (hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.36).ConclusionThis study did not find convincing evidence of a causal association between periodontal disease and CHD risk.
Contribution of vasopressin to vasoconstriction in patients with congestive heart failure: Comparison with the renin-angiotensin system and the sympathetic nervous system
Authors: Mark A. Creager, David P. Faxon, Sally S. Cutler, Osvaldo Kohlmann, Thomas J. Ryan, Haralambos Gavras
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Discovery and epidemiology of PCB poisoning in Taiwan: a four-year followup.
Authors: S T Hsu, C I Ma, S K Hsu, S S Wu, N H Hsu, C C Yeh, S B Wu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

An outbreak of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) poisoning from the consumption of contaminated rice oil, covering four counties in central Taiwan, was investigated. There were 1843 cases by the end of 1980. The highest frequency of incidence occurred during the period from March to July 1979. The severity of clinical manifestations varied. Most patients showed symptoms of mild or moderate severity. The major age group affected was between 11 and 20 years old. Most of the victims were students and factory workers. The amount of PCB intake in each victim was estimated to be 0.7 to 1.84 g and the latent period from the time of intake to the onset of clinical manifestations was approximately 3 to 4 months. The patients' blood PCB concentrations ranged from 3 ppb to 1156 ppb; 44.27% of 613 patients had levels of 51 to 100 ppb and 27.6% PCB blood levels over 100 ppb. In the course of 3.5 years, 2061 persons were determined to be PCB poisoning victims. Now, except for a few severe cases, their skin symptoms are very much improved. Thirty-nine babies showing hyperpigmentation were born from PCB-poisoned mothers. The fatality rate was high: eight of them died. Another 24 deaths were reported among the PCB-poisoned group, almost half of them (12) from hepatoma, liver cirrhosis or liver diseases with hepatomegaly.
The Meaning of Delirium
Authors: Giuseppe Bellelli, Alessandro Morandi, Marco Trabucchi
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

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