tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3388: Usefulness Of The Valvulo-arterial Impedance To Predict Adverse Outcome In Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Zeineb Hachicha, Jean G Dumesnil, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background . We recently proposed a new index: the valvulo-arterial impedance (Z va ), which represents the valvular and arterial hemodynamic factors that oppose ventricular ejection. This index is calculated by dividing the estimated left ventricule (LV) systolic pressure (systolic arterial pressure + mean transvalvular gradient) by the stroke volume indexed for the body surface area. We previously demonstrated that Z va is superior to standard indices of aortic stenosis (AS) severity in estimating the global LV afterload and predicting the occurrence of LV dysfunction. Objective : to assess the usefulness of Z va to predict adverse outcome in AS. Methods . We retrospectively analyzed clinical and echocardiographic data of 544 consecutive patients (320 men and 224 women; mean age: 70±14 years) having at least moderate AS (aortic jet velocity ≥2.5m/s) and no symptoms at baseline. The primary end-point for this study was the occurrence of aortic valve replacement (AVR) or death. Results . The mean follow-up time was 2.5±1.8 years. Ninety one patients (17%) died and 176 (32%) had aortic valve replacement (AVR) during follow-up. The 3-year event-free survival was significantly lower in patients (n=180, 33%) with Z va ≥ 4.5 mmHg.ml −1 .m −2 compared to those (n=192, 35%) with Z va between 3.5 and 4.5, and those (n=172, 32%) with Z va ≥ 3.5: respectively 33±5% vs 51±4% and 56±5%, p&lt;0.001. A value of Z va ≥ 4.5 was associated with an age-adjusted risk of adverse event of 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.1–1.6, p=0.0015). On multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of the event-free survival were: peak aortic jet velocity (p&lt;0.001), coronary artery disease (p=0.001) and Z va (p=0.03). Two-year overall survival was also significantly (p=0.001) lower in the patients with a baseline Zva ≥ 4.5 (70±5%) compared to those with Zva between 3.5 and 4.5 (80±3 %) and those with Z va ≤ 3.5 (88±3 %). Conclusion . A value of valvulo-arterial impedance ≥ 4.5 mmHg.ml −1 .m −2 identifies patients with a poor outcome. These findings suggest that beyond standard indices of stenosis severity, the consideration of valvulo-arterial impedance may be useful to improve risk stratification and clinical decision making in patients with AS.
"The call we all dread..."
Authors: N. K Sabharwal
Journal: BMJ (2003)

It was a routine night on call. The medical team were contemplating turning in for the night when, as usual, the cardiac arrest bleep shattered our calm. We charged up to one of the surgical wards to find a not unusual scene. An elderly patient was undergoing basic life support from the nursing staff. The team assembled around the patient and got to work with advanced life support. At this point all was going according to plan.

At our request, the patient's current notes, old notes, and drug chart duly arrived, and we then made a hurried …
Abstract 2124: Non-homologues end joining mediates fatty acid synthase(FASN)-associated resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics
Authors: Xi Wu, Moises Serrano, Yue Zou, Jian-Ting Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is the sole mammalian enzyme capable of de novo lipid synthesis. Except in lipogenic tissues, FASN expression and activity is largely repressed by dietary fat. In contrast, abnormally elevated FASN expression and activity have been found in many types of human cancers. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that inhibition of FASN led to selective cytostatic and cytotoxic effect in cancer tissues and cells, with minimal adverse effect towards normal tissues. Clearly, FASN is no longer just an anabolic protein, but also provides growth and survival advantages to tumor cells. It has also been found that ectopic overexpression of FASN causes resistance to DNA-damaging drugs including doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, and etoposide as well as to ionizing radiation (IR), but not to non-genotoxic drugs such as vinblastine and paclitaxel. This finding suggests that FASN overexpression may regulate the DNA damage/repair pathway to help breast cancer cells survive DNA-damaging treatments. In this study, we tested this hypothesis. We found that FASN expression had profound effect on the rate of γ-H2AX clearance after exposure to IR or doxorubucin. While knocking down FASN delayed γ-H2AX clearance, FASN overexpression increased γ-H2AX clearance. Using neutral comet assay, we also found that double strand DNA break (DSB) induced by doxorubicin was increased by knocking down FASN expression but attenuated by increasing FASN expression. Furthermore, using a host-cell reactivation based assay, we showed that FASN overexpression significantly increased Non-homologous End Joining DNA repair activity. Together, we conclude that FASN likely plays an important role in regulating DSB repair in cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2124. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2124
Effect of long-term ionized air treatment on patients with bronchial asthma.
Authors: D P Jones, S A O'Connor, J V Collins, B W Watson
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Seven patients with bronchial asthma requiring continuous medication were subjected to eight weeks of nocturnal exposure to negatively ionized air, and their progress was followed using objective tests of lung function and clinical assessment. During exposure, four patients showed significant increases in morning PEFR, which in two of these patients was not sustained when exposure ceased. In two patients the observed increase in PEFR was accompanied by subjective improvement. From the results of all our assessments we conclude that, although this treatment may lead to an improvement in some patients with asthma, further objective studies are required to determine the value of negatively ionized air in the routine management of asthma.
Raised Serum Sialic Acid Concentration Precedes Onset of Microalbuminuria in IDDM: A 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Hiroki Yokoyama, Jan Skov Jensen, Bjarne Myrup, Elisabeth R Mathiesen, Birgitte Rønn, Torsten Deckert
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE Elevated concentrations of serum sialic acid, a potent cardiovascular risk factor in the general population, have been found in patients with IDDM and microalbuminuria. We investigated whether a coincidence exists between the increase of sialic acid concentrations and albuminuria in the transition from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria. Furthermore, the predictability of increased sialic acid as well as von Willebrand factor (vWF) and total and HDL cholesterol concentrations in development of persistent microalbuminuria in IDDM was investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This 10-year prospective study was carried out in a cohort of 209 IDDM patients with normoalbuminuria at baseline. RESULTS Of the cohort, 198 patients completed the follow-up period and 27 developed persistent microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate [UAER] ≥ 30 mg/24 h). A coincident increase of UAER and serum sialic acid concentration was seen before persistent microalbuminuria was diagnosed. Elevation of serum sialic acid concentrations in those who later developed microalbuminuria occurred 3 years before the diagnosis of persistent microalbuminuria. Baseline serum sialic acid concentrations were significantly higher in the group of patients who later developed microalbuminuria than in the group who remained normoalbuminuric (2.02 ± 0.41 vs. 1.85 ± 0.31 mmol/l [means ± SD], P &amp;lt; 0.05). Baseline serum sialic acid concentration correlated significantly with HbA1c, UAER, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and vWF and was significantly predictive for development of microalbuminuria (hazards ratio [95% CI], 3.1 [1.2–8.1]; P = 0.02) after adjustments for sex, duration of diabetes, smoking, blood pressure, vWF, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol. Adjustment for the effects of HbA1c and UAER, however, canceled out the predictive effect of serum sialic acid. CONCLUSIONS UAER and serum sialic acid concentration increase coincidentally before the onset of persistent microalbuminuria. An increased serum sialic acid concentration is predictive for the onset of microalbuminuria independent of age, sex, diabetes duration, smoking, blood pressure, vWF, and total HDL cholesterol.
Prolonged postoperative pain is a complex biopsychosocial problem
Authors: M. H. Basler, C. P. Rae
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The editorial accompanying Clarke and colleagues’ paper offers only superficial analysis of the complexity of prolonged postoperative opioid use.1 2 Hospital systems are protocol driven—early surgical discharge is encouraged to reduce costs. Unsurprisingly, patients are now often discharged on stronger analgesics, and systems to ensure timely review of analgesia are not robust.

Society no longer tolerates prolonged suffering, and …
Unilateral Transplantation of Human Fetal Mesencephalic Tissue into the Caudate Nucleus of Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Dennis D. Spencer, Richard J. Robbins, Frederick Naftolin, Kenneth L. Marek, Timothy Vollmer, Csaba Leranth, Robert H Roth, Lawrence H. Price, Albert Gjedde, Benjamin S. Bunney, Kimberlee J. Sass, John D. Elsworth, E. Leon Kier, Robert Makuch, Paul B. Hoffer, D. Eugene Redmond
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons that innervate the caudate and the putamen. Studies in animals suggest that fetal dopaminergic neurons can survive transplantation and restore neurologic function. This report compares the clinical results in four case patients with severe Parkinson's disease who underwent stereotaxic implantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue in one caudate nucleus with the results in a control group of similar subjects assigned at random to a one-year delay in surgery.
Xeroradiography of the Breast
Authors: Franklin S. Alcorn
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In the five years since Dr. Wolfe published his first book on mammography there has been a steady increase in the use of the procedure for studying and managing patients with breast disease. This increase and the advent of the xerographic method of recording the roentgen image had led to this new monograph. The chapters that present the basic principles of xeroradiography and xeroradiographic technique are excellent. The principles of xeroradiography are clearly discussed on a level readily understandable to those of us who are not engineers or physicists. The characteristic differences between the xeroradiographic image and the photographic roentgen image are nicely demonstrated on film reproductions as well as graphs of step-wedge tests and densitometer tracings. The chapter on interpretation is particularly helpful and certainly conveys the author's thoughts concerning the importance of individualizing each report and the close cooperation necessary between the radiologist and the clinician. Many embarrassing
Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Nathan Kase
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The editor has justified the publication of yet another new text on the basis of three innovations. Most obvious is the consideration of obstetrics and gynecology in one volume. This reflects the combination of responsibility for care and training in both fields within a single department in most American institutions. The resulting presentation avoids duplication of material, from the students' point of view a beneficial efficiency. Secondly, the text has contributions by a distinguished faculty representing more than 30 training centers, thus assuring authoritative treatment in all aspects of the classic curriculum. It must be pointed out, however, that this may also occur in texts enjoying single authorship.  Finally, the editor has succeeded in expanding the material beyond that typical of texts in this field. This he accomplishes by acknowledging that related specialties as well as pertinent fields of basic science have their impact on informed obstetrical and gynecologic practice.
Peritoneoscintigraphy in Detection of Improper Placement of Peritoneal Catheter into Bowel Lumen Prior to Chromic Phosphate P-32 Therapy A Case Report
Authors: JANET NEUTZE, DOUGLAS VAN NOSTRAND, WILLIAM MAJOR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Radionuclide peritoneoscintigraphy has been used prior to chromic phosphate P-32 (P-32CP) intraperitoneal therapy to assure proper placement of the catheter in the peritoneal cavity, to exclude loculation, and to predict inadequate distribution of P-32CP. This is a case report of the detection of a peritoneal catheter improperly placed into the bowel lumen by pretherapy radionuclide peritoneoscintigraphy, and this case demonstrates the distinguishing characteristics of the radiocolloid distribution secondary to an intraluminal injection relative to an intraperitoneal injection.
PS-341 or a combination of arsenic trioxide and interferon-α inhibit growth and induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in KSHV/HHV-8-infected primary effusion lymphoma cells
Authors: R Abou-Merhi, R Khoriaty, D Arnoult, H El Hajj, H Dbouk, S Munier, M E El-Sabban, O Hermine, A Gessain, H de Thé, R Mahieux, A Bazarbachi
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Selective Postoperative Inhibition of Gastrointestinal Opioid Receptors
Authors: Akiko Taguchi, Neeru Sharma, Rao M. Saleem, Daniel I. Sessler, Randall L. Carpenter, Mahmoud Seyedsadr, Andrea Kurz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function and resumption of oral intake are critical determinants of the length of hospital stay. Although opioids are effective treatments for postoperative pain, they contribute to the delayed recovery of gastrointestinal function.
Proteomic Evaluation of Neonatal Exposure to 2,2′,4,4′,5-Pentabromodiphenyl Ether
Authors: Henrik Alm, Birger Scholz, Celia Fischer, Kim Kultima, Henrik Viberg, Per Eriksson, Lennart Dencker, Michael Stigson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Exposure to the brominated flame retardant 2,2 ,4,4 ,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-99) during the brain growth spurt disrupts normal brain development in mice and results in disturbed spontaneous behavior in adulthood. The neurodevelopmental toxicity of PBDE-99 has been reported to affect the cholinergic and catecholaminergic systems. In this study we use a proteomics approach to study the early effect of PBDE-99 in two distinct regions of the neonatal mouse brain, the striatum and the hippocampus. A single oral dose of PBDE-99 (12 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle was administered to male NMRI mice on neonatal day 10, and the striatum and the hippocampus were isolated. Using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), we found 40 and 56 protein spots with significantly (p < 0.01) altered levels in the striatum and the hippocampus, respectively. We used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) to determine the protein identity of 11 spots from the striatum and 10 from the hippocampus. We found that the levels of proteins involved in neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity (e.g., Gap-43/neuromodulin, stathmin) were typically altered in the striatum, and proteins involved in metabolism and energy production [e.g., alpha-enolase; gamma-enolase; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta subunit (Atp5b); and alpha-synuclein] were typically altered in the hippocampus. Interestingly, many of the identified proteins have been linked to protein kinase C signaling. In conclusion, we identify responses to early exposure to PBDE-99 that could contribute to persistent neurotoxic effects. This study also shows the usefulness of proteomics to identify potential biomarkers of developmental neurotoxicity of organohalogen compounds.
TREATMENT OF DYSENTERY DUE TO INFECTION WITH ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
Authors: W. E. DEEKS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

It is but a few years since all forms of  were grouped as acute and chronic, as endemic and epidemic, or as  and otherwise, without any attempt being made to differentiate them on etiologic grounds, and hence a variety of pathologic conditions due to as many different factors was looked on practically as one disease and treated as such solely for the reason that there was in common one symptom: dysentery.  It is now realized that there are many causes, some infective and others toxic, and unless careful differentiation is made we are likely to err grievously in our management and treatment.  The term tropical dysentery is also misleading and has been regarded more or less as synonymous with amebic dysentery. The latter affection is not limited to the tropics, but extends well into the temperate zones. It has been as much dreaded by the  resident as
Fibrinolytic enzyme system.
Authors: J D Cash, D G Woodfield, S K Cole, A G Allan, P C Das
Journal: BMJ (1969)

M "JOULMitral valvular inefficiency, manifest as regurgitation in the presence of atrial fibrilla- tion, supports this hypothesis.Clearly, as the atrial filling curve moves to the left with exercise as heart rate increases and diastole shortens, atrial contraction assumes less importance in valve closure.The conclusion must be that at slow and probably at resting heart rates atrial contraction is indispensable to normal (high) mitral valve efficiency.Provision of a contracting atrial chamber would seem to be an essential part of an artificial heart design that utilizes a leaflet valve at the atrioventricular junction and which operates at near normal heart rates.-
Hospital Use Among Diabetic Patients and the General Population
Authors: Seppo Aro, Tero Kangas, Antti Reunanen, Marjo Salinto, Veikko Koivisto
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

This register-based linkage study compared hospital use among diabetic and nondiabetic populations. The study focused on overall use, use by disease categories, and inpatient care caused by complications.The patient data were derived from the Hospital Discharge Register and the Central Drug Register in Finland. All drug-treated diabetic patients and discharges of patients in a 3-year period were included in the study. Hospital use was measured by inpatient days, mean length of stay, and discharge rate.Among diabetic patients were eligible for drug reimbursement, 14.2% had at least one hospital stay because of diabetes in a year, while 50.7% had at least one hospital stay for any cause. Only 12.4% of the nondiabetic population was hospitalized annually. Patients with diabetes as the principal diagnosis consumed about 3% of all inpatient days; patients who had diabetes either as the principal or as a subsidiary diagnosis used 8.3%; and people who were eligible for antidiabetic drug reimbursement used 13.3% of total inpatient days. Among diabetic children, the risk for hospitalization was 6.5 times higher than among nondiabetic children. With advancing age, causes other than diabetes increasingly dominated hospitalization among diabetic patients. Inpatient days because of cardiovascular diseases were 1.6-18 times more common among diabetic patients than among nondiabetic patients, depending on gender and age-group. Diabetic patients used many more hospital inpatient days than did the nondiabetic population for a number of other disease categories that are usually not related to diabetes.Hospital use among diabetic patients is substantially greater than that among the nondiabetic population, mainly because of cardiovascular and microvascular complications, but also because of diseases unrelated to diabetes.
Spot urine protein/creatinine ratios are unreliable estimates of 24 h proteinuria in most systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis flares
Authors: D.J. Birmingham, B.H. Rovin, G. Shidham, H.N. Nagaraja, X. Zou, M. Bissell, C.-Y. Yu, L.A. Hebert
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Skin tunnel for central venous catheter: non-operative technique.
Authors: J Powell-Tuck
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Tissue folate depletion localised to marrow tissue may explain why the rapid onset of cytopenias occurs in acutely ill patients before total body folate stores are depleted.Patients kept in intensive care for over four or five days should receive oral folic acid to prevent the development of potentially lethal thrombocytopenia and neutropenia.Vitamin B12 which may be deficient in older patients, should also be given, unless the serum concentration is known to be normal.
Life-threatening splenic hemorrhage in two patients with Gaucher disease
Authors: Deborah L. Stone, Edward I. Ginns, Donna Krasnewich, Ellen Sidransky
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Massive splenomegaly is a frequent finding in patients with Gaucher disease, the most common of the sphingolipidoses. Even so, the risk for splenic rupture and intracapsular hemorrhage has not been emphasized due to the rarity of this occurrence and the fibrotic, rubbery consistency of splenic tissue in these patients. We report two adult patients with type 1 Gaucher disease who suffered life-threatening splenic bleeds that were not acutely diagnosed. Both patients ultimately required emergent splenectomies. Factors complicating the diagnosis of splenic hemorrhage in patients with Gaucher disease are discussed. Am. J. Hematol. 64:140–142, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Antibody to Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Membrane Antigens, Beta_2-Microglobulin Levels, and Thymosin Alpha_1 Levels in Hemophiliacs and Their Spouses
Authors: JOAN K. KREISS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Recently, antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus membrane antigens (HTLV-MA) and elevated levels of beta2-microglobulin and thymosin alpha1 have been found with high frequency in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Prospective studies of asymptomatic persons at high risk for this syndrome will ascertain whether any of these findings is a predictive marker for the disease. In this study, antibodies to HTLV-MA, beta2-microglobulin levels, and thymosin alpha1 levels were determined for a group of asymptomatic adult hemophiliacs and their wives. Five of thirty-nine hemophiliacs had HTLV-MA antibody, compared with none of 21 wives tested. The mean beta2-microglobulin level for hemophiliacs was significantly higher than the control value (p < 0.001), whereas the wives had a normal mean value. The mean thymosin alpha1 values were normal for hemophiliacs and their wives; however, 3 of 22 hemophiliacs and 1 of 16 wives had abnormally high levels. Whether any of these abnormalities correlate with subsequent development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome will be ascertained by longitudinal follow-up of this population.