tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The fate of survivors of cardiac surgery in infancy.
Authors: F J Macartney, J F Taylor, G R Graham, M De Leval, J Stark
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Knowledge of the long-term effects of infant cardiac surgery is essential if further progress is to be made in not only immediate, but also long-term care.We therefore analyzed the fate of 599 infants who survived 3 weeks or more after operation in the first year of life performed over the last 25 years.Actuarial sur- vival curves were obtained for each operation for a given condition.The rate for 3-week survival in infants was also determined for the years 1972-1976.Four risk categories were established.(1) Low initial, low late sur- vival: pulmonary artery bapding (PAB) for complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD)-3-week survival 83%, 5-year survival 41%; shunts for pulmonary atresia with VSD -3- week survival 73%, 5-year survival 51%; shunts for tricuspid atresia -3-week survival 78%, 5-year survival 70%; PAB for VSD -3-week survival 67%, 5-year survival 81%; Blalock-Hanlon operation for TGA 3- week survival 87%; 5-year survival 52%.(2) High initial, low late survival: Mustard's operation for TGA -3- week survival 94%, 5-year survival 81%; shunts for tetralogy of Fallot 3-week survival 97%, 5-year survival 74%.(3) Low initial, high late survival: coarctation with or without persistent ductus arteriosus -3-week sur- vival 81%, 5-year survival 93%; total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage -3-week survival 69%, 5-year survival 90%; pulmonary stenosis 3-week survival 63%, 5-year survival 100%.(4) High initial, high late sur- vival: closure of VSD 3-week survival 97%, 5-year survival 97%.These results demonstrate the superiority of one-stage over two-stage repair in both VSD and TGA.PAB produced unsatisfactory overall survival in all conditions studied and therefore has limited application in future surgical management.The study provides a baseline with which future developments in therapy can be compared.
Differential Diagnosis of Jaundice by 99mTc-IDA Hepatobiliary Imaging
Authors: CARLOS FONSECA, LEONARD ROSENTHALL, DAVID GREENBERG, MANUEL HERNANDEZ, ARTIN ARZOUMANIAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

The utility of 99m Tc-IDA imaging in the differential diagnosis of jaundice was assessed. Although overall accuracy was 84%, this method is still inferior to the reported efficiency of ultrasonography and CT in making the correct diagnosis. Radionuclide imaging is a good alternative when these other modalities are not available and it functions well in an adjuvant capacity. The diagnostic limitations of 99m Tc-dimethyl IDA imaging in cases of moderate to severe jaundice are largely overcome by the use of 99m Tc-p-butyl IDA.
Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Authors: E. H. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Santa Clara, Cal., March 22, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am well pleased with the results of my letter on "Oxytuberculin," published in TheJournal, Feb. 19, 1898, p. 446. It is bringing out much more in the way of facts than I could have hoped for. I am obliged to Dr. Beattie for the information that seven physicians out of 120<i>regular</i>physicians in the county have used "oxytuberculin." I presume that the "(or more)" which follows the "seven," may be assigned to the forces of the<i>irregulars</i>until the "(or more)" materialize. I think that it argues remarkably well for the intelligence of the profession of this county that only seven physicians have been credulous enough regarding "oxytuberculin" to use it, especially when living within but a few miles of the place of its production. In regard to the case of asthma alluded to in my letter, I
Acute Intravascular Hemolysis after Pollen Ingestion
Authors: Philippe Bauer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 July 1998Acute Intravascular Hemolysis after Pollen IngestionPhilippe Bauer, MD, Abdelouahab Bellou, MD, and Souraya El Kouch, MDPhilippe Bauer, MDHopital Central; Nancy, FranceSearch for more papers by this author, Abdelouahab Bellou, MDHopital Central; Nancy, FranceSearch for more papers by this author, and Souraya El Kouch, MDHopital Central; Nancy, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-1-199807010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Pollen sensitization occurs through contact with respiratory allergens. Anaphylactic shock or urticaria induced by pollen ingestion has been described in cases of atopy [1]. Hemolytic anemia has occurred after ingestion of plants or drugs containing flavonoids [2-4]. We report what we believe to be the first case of immunoallergic hemolytic anemia after repeated self-administration of pollen.A 45-year-old woman had venous insufficiency treated in 1994 by troxerutine, 3500 mg. She had eaten royal jelly for 5 years and had eaten pollen grains for 2 weeks of the year for 2 years. In October 1996, transient fever, arthralgia, ...References1. Chivato T, Juan F, Montoro A, Laguna R. Anaphylaxis induced by ingestion of a pollen compound. J Invest Allergol Clin Immunol (Spain). 1996; 6:208-9. Google Scholar2. Jaeger A, Rodier L, Tempe JM, Lutun PH, Mayer S, Mantz JM. Hemolyse aigue immunoallergique, thrombopenie, et insuffisance renale aigue dues a un traitement par les catechines. Nouv Presse Med. 1979; 8:3741-3. Google Scholar3. Jaeger A, George C, Lambert H, Rodier L, Lejonc JL, Larcan A, et al. Les accidents immuno-allergiques au cours des traitements par un veinotrope contenant des catechines. Therapie. 1980; 35:733-41. Google Scholar4. Lin JL, Ho YS. Flavonoid-induced acute nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994; 23:433-40. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hopital Central; Nancy, France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDisorders of Red Cells and Platelets 1 July 1998Volume 129, Issue 1Page: 72-73KeywordsAllergensArthralgiaBilirubinDrugsFeversFibrinogenHemoglobinHemolytic anemiaIngestionPollen Issue Published: 1 July 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Managed Care Ethics
Authors: Michael Katzoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 October 1998Managed Care EthicsMichael Katzoff, MDMichael Katzoff, MDSt. Lukes Medical Center; Milwaukee, WI 53215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hall and Berenson [1] propose that “devotion to the best medical interests of each individual patient be replaced with an ethic of devotion to the best medical interests of the group” and imply that it is ethical to “compromise optimal treatment of one patient in order to do more good for other patients.” I respectfully submit that this approach is naive. Physicians should not delude themselves into thinking that they are capable of judging and choosing the patients on whom they may skimp care. I know of no physician who treats a group of patients rather than ...References1. Hall MA, Berenson RA. Ethical practice in managed care: a dose of realism. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:395-402. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Lukes Medical Center; Milwaukee, WI 53215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8Page: 674KeywordsFearPatientsRunning Issue Published: 15 October 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Comparison of World Health Organization and National Diabetes Data Group Procedures to Detect Abnormalities of Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy
Authors: David J. Pettitt, Peter H. Bennett, Robert L. Hanson, K. M. Venkat Narayan, William C. Knowler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To compare the one-step procedure proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) with the two-step procedure proposed by the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) for the identification of abnormalities of glucose tolerance during pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS One hundred twenty-seven non-diabetic Pima Indian women had a 75-g 2-h glucose tolerance test (WHO criteria). Those with an elevated 1-h glucose concentration (≥ 7.8 mmol/l) were referred for a 100-g 3-h glucose tolerance test (National Diabetes Data Group criteria). The effectiveness of the two test procedures was determined by comparing the frequency of macrosomia and cesarean section as outcomes of pregnancy. RESULTS Of 42 women with 1-h plasma glucose concentrations ≥ 7.8 mmol/l, 13 had no 100-g test, 27 had a normal test, and 2 had an abnormal test. Both women (100%) with abnormal two-step 100-g tests also had abnormal one-step 75-g tests, but only 2 of the 11 women (18%) with an abnormal one-step test had an abnormal two-step test. Sixteen of the 127 women delivered babies weighing ≥ 4,000 g. Six of these women (38%) were correctly identified as abnormal using the one-step test and one (6%) using the two-step test. Of seven women delivering by cesarean section, four (57%) had abnormal one-step tests, but none had an abnormal two-step test. CONCLUSIONS The one-step WHO test for glucose tolerance during pregnancy was abnormal in a greater percentage of women with adverse outcomes than the more cumbersome two-step NDDG test. The one-step test has the added advantage of being directly comparable to the standard glucose tolerance test used in nonpregnant women.
THE FREQUENCY OF PULMONARY COMPRESSION SIGNS IN ACUTE FIBRINOUS PERICARDITIS
Authors: HENRY A. CHRISTIAN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In books on physical diagnosis, attention frequently is called to dulness and bronchial breathing in an area of varying size in the left back just in the region of the angle of the scapula or below it as an accompaniment of pericardial effusion. For example, Musser,<sup>1</sup>under the heading of "Pericardial Effusion," says: Pulmonary resonance is modified posteriorly. At the angle of the scapula is a small area of dulness, increased vocal fremitus and bronchovesicular and bronchial breathing when the patient is sitting upright, which disappears when he leans forward (Bamberger's sign). The dulness in large effusion includes the axillary region so that it may simulate pneumonia or pleural effusion. Roberts<sup>2</sup>thus discusses these pulmonary signs in pericardial effusion: In considerable pericardial effusion, the condition of the left lung may give rise to a definite group of signs at the back of the chest on that side; namely,
Health status and clinical diagnoses of 3000 UK Gulf War veterans
Authors: H. A Lee, R. Gabriel, J P. G Bolton, A. J Bale, M. Jackson
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Up to June 2001, 3000 British veterans of the Gulf War had sought advice from a special medical assessment programme established because of an alleged Gulf War syndrome. After assessment those attending were classified as completely well, well with symptoms, well with incidental diagnoses treated or controlled, or unwell (physically or mentally). Mental illness was confirmed by a psychiatrist. The first 2000 attenders have been reported previously. The present paper summarizes findings in all 3000. 2252 (75%) of those attending were judged 'well', of whom 303 were symptom-free. Medical diagnoses were those to be expected in such an age-group (mean age 34 years, range 21–63). No novel or unusual condition was found. In 604 of the 748 unwell veterans, a substantial element of the illness was psychiatric, the most common condition being post-traumatic stress disorder. The healthcare requirements of the Gulf veterans seen in this programme can therefore be met by standard National Health Service provision.
Abnormal Cardiac Rhythms Caused by Acetylcholine
Authors: DAVID SCHERF, FORRIS B. CHICK
Journal: Circulation (1951)

The effect of topical administration of acetylcholine on the auricular and ventricular surface of the dog's heart was studied. The experiments show the appearance of variform arrhythmias, particularly auricular fibrillation. The tendency for the development of these arrhythmias is diminished, but not abolished by atropinization. The experiments confirm previous results of the authors according to which auricular flutter is due to a rapid stimulus formation in a center. They help explain the occasional appearance of extrasystoles and paroxysmal tachycardias during vagus stimulation in experimental and clinical observations.
Evaluation of mortality and cancer incidence among alachlor manufacturing workers.
Authors: J F Acquavella, S G Riordan, M Anne, C F Lynch, J J Collins, B K Ireland, W F Heydens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Alachlor is the active ingredient in a family of preemergence herbicides. We assessed mortality rates from 1968 to 1993 and cancer incidence rates from 1969 to 1993 for manufacturing workers with potential alachlor exposure. For workers judged to have high alachlor exposure, mortality from all causes combined was lower than expected [23 observed, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 0.7, 95% CI, 0.4-1.0], cancer mortality was similar to expected (6 observed, SMR = 0.7, 95% CI, 0.3-1.6), and there were no cancer deaths among workers with 5 or more years high exposure and 15 or more years since first exposure (2.3 expected, SMR = 0, 95% CI, 0-1.6). Cancer incidence for workers with high exposure potential was similar to the state rate [18 observed, standardized incidence ratio (SIR) = 1.2, 95% CI, 0.7-2.0], especially for workers exposed for 5 or more years and with at least 15 years since first exposure (4 observed, SIR = 1.0, 95% CI, 0.3-2.7). The most common cancer for these latter workers was colorectal cancer (2 observed, SIR 3.9, 95% CI, 0.5-14.2 among workers). Despite the limitations of this study with respect to small size and exposure estimating, the findings are useful for evaluating potential alachlor-related health risks because past manufacturing exposures greatly exceeded those characteristic of agricultural operations. These findings suggest no appreciable effect of alachlor exposure on worker mortality or cancer incidence rates during the study period.
Are general practitioners in inner Manchester worse off than those in adjacent areas?
Authors: J O Wood
Journal: BMJ (1983)

An editorial in the BMJ that appeared shortly after thepoblica- tion of the Acheson report on p0mary health care in irnner London began swih the assertion, "Britain's inner cities have some of the worst social and medical probloms combined sith some of the poorest primary care ser-vices.This has been known for a long time ...."'1The results of a survey among genralprctitioners in five healthd authorities in Greater Manchester, reported in the BM recently,, suggested, however, toat innsr London may be unique in the diversity and intensity of its problems of medical manpower.Contrary to popular belief, there is no concentration of isolated, elderly, single handed doctors with small lists and no lack of healoh centres and purpose built premises in the Manchester- Salford inher city partrership area.But therc is a striking con- centration of doctors who qualified overseas and a bclow average proportion of young doctors.Although valuable for manpower planning, information about general pracitioners' characteistics tellus notling about how well or how poorly the services are organised.This paper, lherefore, considers whether the primary health care services in the Mantchesttt-Salford inner city partnership area are in general less well staffed, Iess well equipped, or less wellorganised lhan services in adjacent "outer" areas.Like the previous paper, this one dnwson data obtained from interviews
Exercise Testing Soon After Uncomplicated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Steven A. Fein
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Modified exercise testing within three weeks of an acute myocardial infarction has been shown to be both a safe and feasible means for identifying patients at greater risk for subsequent cardiac events. An abnormal ECG and symptomatic response to exercise correlates with a higher morbidity and mortality. An ST-segment depression as well as angina are associated with a higher risk of recurrent ischemia and death. Elevation of the ST segment as well as inappropriately high heart rates and early development of fatigue and dyspnea are seen in patients with compromised left ventricular function. Exercise-induced premature ventricular contractions raise the possibility of increased sudden death. Patients identified to be at increased risk can be considered for more intensive medical or surgical treatment to reduce their morbidity and mortality. Patients considered to be at low risk can be spared needless invasive studies and unwarranted restriction of their physical activity. Patients may also accrue psychological benefit from these stress-test procedures.
F-18 FDG PET Evaluation of a Rapidly Growing Extraocular Sebaceous Carcinoma
Authors: Davorin Herceg, Sanja Kusačić-Kuna, Snježana Dotlić, Ratimir Petrović, Irena Bračić, Gordana Horvatić Herceg, Stjepko Pleština
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is an aggressive malignant tumor derived from the epithelium of sebaceous glands. SC mostly occurs in the skin of the ocular region. Extraocular SC most commonly involve the skin of the face, the head, and neck region and very rarely the upper arm (3.9% of all SCs). A case of rapidly growing extraocular SC of the upper arm was staged with FDG PET. The FDG-PET findings of FDG uptake in the primary lesion and metastases were consistent with autopsy analyses.
Chronic Laxative-Induced Hyperaldosteronism and Hypokalemia Simulating Bartter's Syndrome
Authors: NORMAN FLEISCHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

A 47-year-old woman had a history of hypokalemia and laxative abuse throughout her adult life. She had markedly elevated renin and aldosterone secretion and juxtaglomerular hyperplasia on renal biopsy. The hyperaldosteronism played a major role in the genesis of her hypokalemia. It is presumed that the juxtaglomerular hyperplasia and elevated renin and aldosterone secretion is the result of chronic diarrhea-induced sodium depletion. However, in acute studies she did not maximally retain dietary or infused sodium despite the capacity of her kidneys to retain sodium normally in response to dietary sodium depletion. Her vasculature was resistant to the pressor effects of angiotensin even after volume expansion. In addition, this patient was noted to develop hypercalcemia with dehydration and to have impaired glucose tolerance correctable with potassium supplementation. Chronic diarrhea may simulate the clinical picture of Bartter's syndrome, and aldosterone antagonists may be therapeutically useful in hypokalemic states secondary to uncontrollable diarrhea.
The soluble urokinase receptor is not a clinical marker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Björn Meijers, Rutger J.H. Maas, Ben Sprangers, Kathleen Claes, Ruben Poesen, Bert Bammens, Maarten Naesens, Jeroen K.J. Deegens, Ruth Dietrich, Markus Storr, Jack F.M. Wetzels, Pieter Evenepoel, Dirk Kuypers
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
RELATIONSHIP OF BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE TO EXERCISE WITH ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION IN NORMAL AND EARLY STAGES OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: Nobuyuki Miyai, Maki Shiozaki, Miyoko Utsumi, Ikuharu Morioka, Kazuhisa Miyashita, Mikio Arita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Telithromycin-associated hepatotoxicity: Clinical spectrum and causality assessment of 42 cases
Authors: Allen D. Brinker, Ronald T. Wassel, Jenna Lyndly, Jose Serrano, Mark Avigan, William M. Lee, Leonard B. Seeff
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Telithromycin is the first of a new class of ketolide antibiotics with increased activity against penicillin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant pneumococci. This agent received approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 for treatment of upper and lower respiratory infections. Following market introduction, spontaneous reports of telithromycin-associated hepatotoxicity, including frank liver failure, were received. To address these reports, an ad hoc group with expertise in spontaneous adverse events reporting and experience in evaluating drug-induced liver injury was formed, including members of the FDA, other federal agencies, and academia. The primary objective of this group was to adjudicate case reports of hepatic toxicity for causal attribution to telithromycin. After an initial screening of all cases of liver injury associated with telithromycin reported to FDA as of April 2006 by one of the authors, 42 cases were comprehensively reviewed and adjudicated. Five cases included a severe outcome of either death (n = 4) or liver transplantation (n = 1); more than half were considered highly likely or probable in their causal association with telithromycin. Typical clinical features were: short latency (median, 10 days) and abrupt onset of fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice, sometimes with the presence of ascites even in cases that resolved. Concurrence in assignment of causality increased after agreement on definitions of categories and interactive discussions. Conclusion: Telithromycin is a rare cause of drug-induced liver injury that may have a distinctive clinical signature and associated high mortality rate. Consensus for attribution of liver injury to a selected drug exposure by individual experts can be aided by careful definition of terminology and discussion. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:250-257.)
The need for caution in interpreting high quality systematic reviews
Authors: K. Hopayian
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The emergence of systematic reviews raised hopes of a new era for the objective appraisal of evidence available on a given topic. Such reviews promised a synthesis of trial results, which could be conflicting, and an escape from the personal bias inherent in traditional reviews and expert opinion.1 As the discipline of systematic reviews has evolved, however, two new problems have arisen: the quality of reviews is variable 2 3; and two or more systematic reviews on the same topic may arrive at different conclusions, raising questions on the validity4-7 or the relevance8 of the conclusions. Moreover, adherence to a “checklist” system when appraising trials may overlook important clinical details in the original trials and so reduce the validity of the review. I uncovered this last shortcoming when I recently conducted a study of three systematic reviews; the study is reported here.

#### Summary points

The discipline of systematic reviews has given clinicians a valuable tool with which to synthesise evidence

As the methodology of systematic reviews has evolved, the quality of reviews has improved

Nevertheless, high quality systematic reviews may overlook important clinical details in the papers reviewed, thereby diminishing their validity

This shortcoming might be avoided if trials were assessed from a clinician's viewpoint as well as from a reviewer's viewpoint

Guidelines have been drawn up to improve the quality of reviews.9 Differences in the quality of reviews, however, do not always explain discordance. Jadad and McQuay4 identified six sets of reviews covering six topics in pain research; despite similar quality scores for reviews in each set, four of the sets contained discordant reviews. Jadad et al8 identified six generic differences between reviews that might lead to discordance: the clinical question asked; the selection and inclusion of studies; data extraction; assessment of study quality; …