tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella
Authors: Burt R. Meyers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 March 1994Ceftazidime-resistant KlebsiellaBurt R. Meyers, MD and Alejandra C. Gertman, MDBurt R. Meyers, MDMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029-6574Search for more papers by this author and Alejandra C. Gertman, MDMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029-6574Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-6-199403150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent article, Meyer and colleagues [1] suggested that a 60% increase in ceftazidime use during the previous 2 years was a factor leading to the outbreak of resistant Klebsiella species. However, only 41% of patients from whom these resistant strains were isolated received this agent.Their experience contrasts with ours, where, during the period from 1989 to 1990, ceftazidime use increased by 20%. Indeed, strains isolated from the first and last month showed a 2% decrease in resistance for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a 15% decrease for Enterobacter aerogenes, and no change for isolates of Escherichia coli, ...REFERENCE1. Meyer KS, Urban C, Eagan JA, Berger BJ, Rahal JJ. Nosocomial outbreak of Klebsiella infection resistant to late-generation cephalosporins. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:353-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029-6574 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1994Volume 120, Issue 6Page: 522KeywordsAntibiotic resistanceAntibioticsChromosomesEnterobacterEscherichia coliKlebsiellaPseudomonas aeruginosaSerratia marcescensToxicity Issue Published: 15 March 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Research Opportunities in Transfusion Medicine
Authors: Leslie E. Silberstein
Journal: JAMA (2001)

In recent years, the translation of basic research in transfusion medicine has led to development of novel cellular therapies using well-characterized cell populations isolated from either bone marrow or blood (eg, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, T lymphocytes, dendritic cells). Refinements in cell therapies will make possible optimal stem cell engraftment, gene therapy, immunotherapy of cancer and infectious disease, and even solid organ regeneration. Moreover, the immune consequences of transfusion therapy are better appreciated and opportunities are at hand to prevent or blunt unwanted immune responses, such as platelet refractoriness and graft-vs-host disease. Transfusion medicine has become a broad, multidisciplinary field that has evolved beyond issues related to blood procurement and storage. The next series of advances in transfusion medicine will complement the current approaches of donor blood screening and viral/bacterial inactivation steps to ensure a safe and adequate blood supply.
182. Branched Chitosan Oligomers Enhance Gene Delivery In Vitro and after Lung Administration In Vivo
Authors: Mohamed M. Issa, Magnus Köping-Höggård, Kristoffer Tommeraas, Kjell M. Vårum, Bjørn E. Christensen, Olav Smidsørd, Per Artursson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Objective. To improve the efficiency of polyplexes based on chitosan oligomers by targeting extracellular lectins (sugar-specific binding receptors) in vitro and in the mouse lung epithelial cells in vivo. For this purpose, an oligosaccharide branch was coupled to chitosan oligomers. Background. Coupling of sugar residues to cationic polymers such as poly-L-lysine (PLL) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) was previously reported to enhance their in vitro transfection efficiency through targeting lectin receptors. However, both these polycations have drawbacks that limit their in vivo applications. Methods. An oligosaccharide branch composed of trimer; N- acetylglucosamine- N-acetylglucosamine- mannose (AAM) was coupled to chitosan oligomers and formulated to polyplexes with pDNA coding for luciferase reporter gene. The transfection efficiency of the branched chitosan polyplexes was tested in different cell lines in vitro and after lung administration to mice in vivo. The corresponding linear chitosan and PEI were used as controls. A degree of AAM-substitution about 7% was shown to be optimal. In vitro transfection and inhibition experiments, live cells-confocal microscopy and particle size analysis were performed to investigate the mechanism of transfection mediated by the branched chitosan polyplexes. Results. In HepG2 (human liver hepatocytes) and 16HBE14o-(human bronchial epithelial cells), branched chitosan polyplexes mediated significantly higher luciferase gene expression than polyplexes of PEI and linear chitosan. A significant inhibition of luciferase expression (30–80%) was obtained when the transfection was repeated in the presence of increasing amounts of the free AAM branch. Direct measurement of the fluorescence emitted by the internalized polyplexes and the pictures obtained by confocal microscopy using live cells showed that the branched chitosan polyplexes had a significantly higher cellular uptake compared to the linear chitosan. The enhanced transfection efficiency was not related to the buffering capacity of the polyplexes in the endosomes. The polyplexes formulated with the branched chitosan also demonstrated enhanced colloidal stability in the transfection medium which suggests that the AAM branch stabilized the polyplexes by means of steric stabilization. Finally, in vivo studies showed that the branched chitosan polyplexes mediated a 5-fold higher luciferase gene expression compared to the corresponding linear chitosan 24 h after lung administration to mice. Conclusion. Coupling of the AAM branch to chitosan oligomers resulted in enhanced transfection efficiency due to receptor-mediated cellular uptake as well as improved colloidal stability of the polyplexes.
Correction: How to Keep Up with the Medical Literature
Authors: R. BRIAN HAYNES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1987Correction: How to Keep Up with the Medical LiteratureR. BRIAN HAYNES, M.D.R. BRIAN HAYNES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-1-174_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Since the writing of Part V of our series on keeping up with the medical literature, the authors are pleased to note the following events:SDC Corporation has reduced the price of its SearchMaster software from US $299 to US $100. This will obviously enable users to recoup more quickly its purchase price from savings in online searching costs.Medis, the online search service of Mead Data Central, has simplified its pricing policy and now charges on a set-fee-per-search basis, with discounts for high volumes. The new fees appear to make Medis much more competitive with other...Reference1. HAYNESMCKIBBONFITZGERALDGUYATTWALKERSACKETT RKDGCD. How to keep up with the medical literature: V. Access by personal computer to the medical literature. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:810-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPaperChase: For Medline searching 1 January 1987Volume 106, Issue 1Page: 174-174 Issue Published: 1 January 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 5089: Survivin safeguards chromosome numbers and protects from aneuploidy
Authors: Ralf Wiedemuth, Barbara Klink, Evelin Schroeck, Gabriele Schackert, Achim Temme
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Survivin, belonging to the family of Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins (IAP), is overexpressed in a broad variety of different tumor entities. Besides its role and function in apoptosis, Survivin forms in mitosis with its partners Borealin, inner centromere protein (INCENP) and the enzymatically active member Aurora B kinase the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC). The main function of this complex is sensing and correcting non-bipolar microtubule-kinetochore interaction, regulating chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Some evidence points to a role of Survivin in connecting mitosis with control of cell cycle arrest. In this study, we assessed the role of Survivin in ensuring chromosomal stability and DNA integrity in HCT116, MCF-7, U87-MG and corresponding isogenic p53-deficient cells. Knock down of Survivin, using retroviral short-hairpin RNAs, caused in all tested cell lines a heavily impaired cytokinesis resulting in polyploidy and poly-merotelic kinetochore spindle assemblies, irrespective of the p53 status. Surprisingly, cells with wild type p53 showed after Survivin RNAi an activation of p53 and accumulation of p21waf/cip and Cyclin D1, indicating G1 arrest. A detailed Flow Cytometry analysis revealed a correlation between the increased p21waf/cip expression and increasing DNA content in Survivin-depleted wild type cells compared to p53-deficient cells. Conversely, BrdU incorporation in wild type cells decreased with DNA content compared to p53-deficient cells with knock down of Survivin. Nonetheless, polyploid wild type cells even with a DNA content larger 4n were still able to incorporate BrdU, indicating transient G1 arrest after Survivin knock down. Furthermore, Survivin RNAi led in all tested cell lines to an induction of DNA lesions and caused a DNA damage response. SKY-analysis revealed numerical aberrations and a significant higher frequency of structural chromosomal aberrations indicative for DNA double strand break repair, only in Survivin-depleted cells. In conclusion, our results highlight the important role of Survivin as a chromosomal passenger protein which in concert with its molecular partners Aurora B, INCENP, and Borealin, controls chromosomal segregation by regulating bipolar spindle attachment and cytokinesis and protects cells from polyploidy and chromosomal instability. Citation Format: Ralf Wiedemuth, Barbara Klink, Evelin Schroeck, Gabriele Schackert, Achim Temme. Survivin safeguards chromosome numbers and protects from aneuploidy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5089. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5089
Quantitative Assessment of Tracheal Collapsibility in Infants with Tracheomalacia
Authors: Junko Okazaki, Shiroh Isono, Hisaya Hasegawa, Miho Sakai, Yuzo Nagase, Takashi Nishino
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Infantile tracheomalacia is a potentially life-threatening disease requiring prolonged artificial respiratory support. Diagnosis and management of this disease may be further improved by establishing a suitable objective and quantitative assessment protocol for tracheal collapsibility. It is our hypothesis that tracheal collapsibility can be represented by the relationship between intraluminal pressure and the cross-sectional area of the trachea. To test this hypothesis, static pressure/area relationships of the trachea were obtained from anesthetized and paralyzed infants, who were diagnosed as having tracheomalacia by endoscopic observation. These relationships were fitted on a linear regression model, followed by calculation of the estimated closing pressure. The tracheal closing pressure ranged from -8 to -27 cm H(2)O, suggesting easy collapsibility of the trachea during crying or coughing and noncollapsibility during the spontaneous respiratory cycle, which coincided with the infants' symptoms. It is our conclusion that tracheal collapsibility of infants with tracheomalacia can be quantitatively assessed by the static pressure/area relationship of the trachea obtained under general anesthesia and paralysis.
Long-term effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a double-blind controlled multicentric trial
Authors: Albert Parés, Llorenç Caballería, Juan Rodés, Miquel Bruguera, Luis Rodrigo, Antonio García-Plaza, Joaquín Berenguer, Dolores Rodríguez-Martínez, José Mercader, Rosario Velicia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
TCT-556 Differences in neointimal coverage among bare-metal stent, zotarolimus-eluting stent, everolimus-eluting stent and biolimus-eluting stent at 9 months after implantation using optical coherence tomography in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Koichiro Sonoda, Shiro Hata, Satoshi Ikeda, Seiji Koga, Koji Maemura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
MOUSE TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNITY DEPRESSED BY TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS
Authors: GeorgeJ. Svet-Moldavsky, GenriettaSh. Shaghijan, DemuriM. Mkheidze, TatjanaA. Litovchenko, NataliaN. Ozeretskovskaya, ZairaG. Kadaghidze, InessaYu. Chernyakhovskaya
Journal: The Lancet (1969)
Gene Expression Evolves Faster in Narrowly Than in Broadly Expressed Mammalian Genes
Authors: Jing Yang, Andrew I. Su, Wen-Hsiung Li
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Despite much recent interest, it remains unclear what determines the rate of evolution of gene expression. To study this issue we develop a new measure, called "Expression Conservation Index" (ECI), to quantify the degree of tissue-expression conservation between two homologous genes. Applying this measure to a large set of gene expression data from human and mouse, we show that tissue expression tends to evolve rapidly for genes that are expressed in only a limited number of tissues, whereas tissue expression can be conserved for a long time for genes expressed in a large number of tissues. Therefore, expression breadth is an important determinant for evolutionary conservation of tissue expression. In addition, we find a rapid decrease in ECI with the synonymous divergence between duplicate genes, suggesting fast divergence in tissue expression between duplicate genes.
The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Tom Bohr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1990The Carpal Tunnel SyndromeTom Bohr, MDTom Bohr, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-3-254_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:The study by Katz and colleagues (1) in a recent issue is an important contribution to the often confusing literature on the carpal tunnel syndrome. As a neurologist with an interest in electromyography, I have four concerns. First, the electric criteria for the carpal tunnel syndrome consist of values that were not adjusted for age. Simple cutoff values for the entire population may lead to overdiagnosis in elderly persons and underdiagnosis in younger patients. In fact, in some laboratories the stated values would be considered normal in older persons (Normative data. Electromyography Laboratory, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation)....References1. KatzLarsonSabra JMA. The carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic utility of the history and physical examination findings. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:321-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Stevens J. AAEE Minimonograph #26: the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1987;10:99-113. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Payan J. The carpal tunnel syndrome: can we do better? J Hand Surg [Br]. 1988;13B;365-7. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BakerEhrenberg ER. Preventing the work-related carpal tunnel syndrome: physician reporting and diagnostic criteria [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:317-8. LinkGoogle Scholar5. Hadler N. Medical Management of the Regional Musculoskeletal Diseases. Orlando, Florida: Grune & Stratton; 1984:149-52. Google Scholar1. KatzLarsonSabra JMA. The carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic utility of the history and physical examination findings. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:321-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BuchthalRosenflackTrojaburg FAW. Electrophysiological findings in entrapment of the median nerve at the wrist and elbow. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1974;37:340-60. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Stevens J. AAEE Minimonograph #26: the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1987;10:99-113. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda, CA 92350 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByFocal Peripheral Neuropathies 1 August 1990Volume 113, Issue 3Page: 254-254KeywordsElderlyElectromyography Issue Published: 1 August 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
P77Specific consideration when interpreting the hypertrophy response to pressure overload in C57BL/6NTac and C57BL/6J mice
Authors: M Zi, N Stafford, S Prehar, M Shaheen, D Oceandy, L Neyses, E Cartwright
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) has been extensively used as a cardiac stress in genetically modified mice to investigate the molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy. But the hypertrophic response to TAC can be significantly influenced by the time course of TAC, the age and the genetic background of the mice. The International Knockout Mouse Consortium has selected to use the C57BL/6NTac mouse strain to generate null alleles for all mouse genes; however, we have found a range of baseline cardiac phenotypic differences between this substrain and the commonly used C57BL/6J substrain. Therefore, we have assessed the optimal conditions to induce cardiac hypertrophy by TAC in the C57BL/6NTac strain, and have determined whether the hypertrophic response to TAC is different in these two C57BL/6 substrains.
Remarks on the Treatment of Carbuncles and Boils
Authors: P. Eade
Journal: BMJ (1888)

aptly recall attention to the subject of the local treatment of carbuncles as well as boils, and I think yet a few more words may well be said on this matter.The contribution of Mr. Page refers chiefly to the treatment of carbuncle in its advanced stages, and especially to the method of then treating it by incision and scraping away as far as possible the sloughing and diseased mass which gradually forms in the course of this disease.It is doubtless in these later stages that this method of procedure by abrasion or scraping appears most applicable, because it is then that the soft, boggy material exists in considerable quantity, and the size of the peculiar " core" or slough is then such as to make its removal desirable for every reason.In all three of Mr. Page's cases the carbuncle had reached a very forward stage, the diameters of the swellings being four five, and eight inches respectively, and in all the disease having existed for from two to three weeks.The results appears to have been in all of them highly satisfactory.Mr. Parker's cases carry these views as to the desirability of surgical interference still further, and press upon consideration the question of always treating carbuncles and boils at all their stages by removal or destruction.These views are, of course, in direct opposition to the opinion expressed by Sir J. Paget as to the propriety of non-interference in these cases, but they strongly confirm the recommendations given by the late Mr. James Startin (BRrrIsH MEDICAL JOURNAL, vol.ii, 1866) in a most practical paper on this subject.Many years ago I devoted considerable attention to these dis-
Sterile suppurative folliculitis associated with acute myeloblastic leukaemia
Authors: M. Inuzuka, Y. Tokura
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary A 20‐year‐old woman presented with a 4‐month history of follicular papules distributed over the trunk and extremities. One month later, routine blood tests were abnormal, showing acute myeloblastic leukaemia (M1 in the French‐American‐British classification). Skin biopsy demonstrated a dermal infiltrate of a large number of neutrophils with occasional eosinophils and histiocytes in the vicinity of the hair follicle remnants. Intermingled in the infiltrate were atypical cells that were morphologically and immunohistochemically identical to leukaemic myeloblasts. Cultures of the papules and special stains of the biopsy specimen were negative for bacteria and fungi. The follicular eruption improved promptly in response to chemotherapy for the leukaemia. We suggest that this case may represent a rare, follicular variant of neutrophilic dermatosis associated with myelogenous leukaemia.
Wheat deficient in gliadins: promising tool for treatment of coeliac disease.
Authors: M Frisoni, G R Corazza, D Lafiandra, E De Ambrogio, C Filipponi, F Bonvicini, E Borasio, E Porceddu, G Gasbarrini
Journal: Gut (1995)

The toxicity of two varieties of bread wheat, one poor in alpha and beta gliadins and the other poor in alpha, beta, gamma, and omega gliadins, has been tested. The peptic-tryptic digest of these wheats was assessed using coeliac mucosa in an in vitro organ culture system. A significantly lower toxicity was found in respect of bread wheat containing all gliadin fractions. These results suggest new opportunities for the treatment of coeliac disease.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF BORIC ACID IN HUMAN ORGANS IN SIX DEATHS DUE TO BORIC ACID POISONING
Authors: WILLIAM D. McNALLY
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The use of boric acid and its salts in the medical profession and in some of the economic lay industries has made them commonplace—so much so, in fact, that their power for harm through overdosage or accidental consumption has receded to the background until ordinary precaution, at times, is not used in administering these substances. The potential danger of boric acid as a food preservative is such that its use has long been forbidden in the United States, France, Germany, Holland, Italy and Spain. Great Britain has only recently prohibited its use, acting on the basis of a prolonged investigation of the various methods of preserving foods. Boricized milk has caused serious bowel disorders in infants. A mixture of three parts of boric acid and one part of borax has been found a very effective preservative for milk, butter or meat products. Its common use in medicine as a mild