tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Dermatofibromas in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Dennis M. Newman, J. B. Walter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

RECENTLY, much investigation has been devoted to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.1 The theory of a viral agent has gained support from the finding of myxovirus-like particles in endothelial-cell cytoplasm from kidney,2 3 4 muscle and skin4 of patients with the disease and from the animal models of Aleutian-mink disease and NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice.1 We have recently come across four cases of multiple dermatofibromas in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving prednisone or azathioprine or both. The unsatisfactory documentation of this occurrence in the literature,5 as well as the proved viral origin of histiocytomas in certain primates,6 7 8 prompted us . . .
Operative Surgery: General Principles and Breast
Authors: M. Michael Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>Operative Surgery: Thorax</h3> edited by W. P. Cleland, ed 2; 426 pp, with illus, $31, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1968. There is no longer a dearth of atlases available for surgical education. The vacuum, once only partially filled by one or two satisfactory texts, now no longer exists. There are excellent presentations of standard operative techniques in general abdominal and thoracic and cardiovascular procedures. Any emerging text at this time must, therefore, compete in fairly sophisticated company. These two volumes from part of a large series of books on operative surgery, are designed to describe techniques in surgery of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat, general abdominal surgery, the hand, head and neck, neurosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics, and, finally, vascular surgery. The volumes are obtainable as a set or individually and must be judged on their individual merits. The first volume devotes itself to general considerations in surgery
1033-112 Impaired right ventricular systolic function following completion of prolonged strenuous exertion
Authors: Malissa J Wood, Danita M Yoerger, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Genevieve A Derumeaux, Pamela S Douglas, Jane E Marshall, Arthur E Weyman, Michael H Picard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Letter: Vitamin E in thalassaemia.
Authors: C B Modell, J Stocks, T L Dormandy
Journal: BMJ (1974)

and a control treatment group.This will not mask a drug effect in a treatment group but will permit a more precise estimate of the number of patients in whom the symptom is due to a particular drug.How can the standardization of symptom reporting be achieved?In my opinion the doctor must not ask verbal auestions but should devise a questionnaire which is completed by the patient.He must ensure that the written questions are understood by the patients, that the questions are completed, and that the questionnaire is returned by a high proportion of patients.Similarly, in a non-treated group the repeatability of the answers (positive or negative) should be tested.Continuing the example above, a self- administered questionnaire found that 56% of patients on methyldopa complained of sleepiness3 against 31% in the general population.4By using such questionnaires the results should be reproducible and the side effects of new therapeutic agents (when evaluated by the same technioues) may be referred back to the known and validated control data.-Iam, etc.,
Electrolyte Changes in Ileal Contents and in Feces during Restriction of Dietary Sodium with and without the Administration of Cation-Exchange Resin
Authors: HENRY FIELD, LEON SWELL, R. E. DAILEY, E. C. TROUT, R. S. BOYD
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Sodium and potassium levels of the contents of the terminal ileum and feces were determined for four dogs at different dietary sodium intakes, both before and during administration of a carboxylic cation-exchange resin. With restriction of dietary sodium, there was more sodium bound by the resin in the terminal ileum than was provided by the diet. There was considerable conservation of sodium in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but the colon always absorbed a major part of the sodium presented to it. During resin administration with very low sodium diets there was more sodium in the feces than in the diets.
Vulval syringoma successfully treated with tranilast
Authors: F. Iwao, T. Onozuka, T. Kawashima
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Vulval syringoma successfully treated with tranilast Get access F. Iwao, F. Iwao Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita‐ku, Sapporo 060‐8638, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Sapporo Hospital of Hokkaido Railway Company, Sapporo, Japan F. Iwao E‐mail: mayamaya@viola.ocn.ne.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Onozuka, T. Onozuka Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita‐ku, Sapporo 060‐8638, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Sapporo Hospital of Hokkaido Railway Company, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Kawashima T. Kawashima Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita‐ku, Sapporo 060‐8638, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Sapporo Hospital of Hokkaido Railway Company, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 6, 1 December 2005, Pages 1228–1230, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06940.x Published: 01 December 2005
Secondary Gastrointestinal Cancer in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: Tara O. Henderson, Kevin C. Oeffinger, John Whitton, Wendy Leisenring, Joseph Neglia, Anna Meadows, Catherine Crotty, David T. Rubin, Lisa Diller, Peter Inskip, Susan A. Smith, Marilyn Stovall, Louis S. Constine, Sue Hammond, Greg T. Armstrong, Leslie L. Robison, Paul C. Nathan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Background: Childhood cancer survivors develop gastrointestinal cancer more frequently and at a younger age than the general population, but the risk factors have not been well-characterized. Objective: To determine the risk and associated risk factors for gastrointestinal subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in childhood cancer survivors. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a multicenter study of childhood cancer survivors diagnosed between 1970 and 1986. Patients: 14 358 survivors of cancer diagnosed when they were younger than 21 years of age who survived for 5 or more years after the initial diagnosis. Measurements: Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for gastrointestinal SMNs were calculated by using age-specific population data. Multivariate Cox regression models identified associations between risk factors and gastrointestinal SMN development. Results: At median follow-up of 22.8 years (range, 5.5 to 30.2 years), 45 cases of gastrointestinal cancer were identified. The risk for gastrointestinal SMNs was 4.6-fold higher in childhood cancer survivors than in the general population (95% CI, 3.4 to 6.1). The SIR for colorectal cancer was 4.2 (CI, 2.8 to 6.3). The highest risk for gastrointestinal SMNs was associated with abdominal radiation (SIR, 11.2 [CI, 7.6 to 16.4]). However, survivors not exposed to radiation had a significantly increased risk (SIR, 2.4 [CI, 1.4 to 3.9]). In addition to abdominal radiation, high-dose procarbazine (relative risk, 3.2 [CI, 1.1 to 9.4]) and platinum drugs (relative risk, 7.6 [CI, 2.3 to 25.5]) independently increased the risk for gastrointestinal SMNs. Limitation: This cohort has not yet attained an age at which risk for gastrointestinal cancer is greatest. Conclusion: Childhood cancer survivors, particularly those exposed to abdominal radiation, are at increased risk for gastrointestinal SMNs. These findings suggest that surveillance of at-risk childhood cancer survivors should begin at a younger age than that recommended for the general population. Primary Funding Source: National Cancer Institute.
Differentiation of cultured epithelial cells: response to toxic agents.
Authors: R H Rice, A D LaMontagne, C T Petito, X H Rong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Cell culture systems are instrumental in elucidating regulation of normal function and mechanisms of its perturbation by toxic substances. To this end, three applications of epithelial cells cultured with 3T3 feeder layer support are described. First, treatment of the premalignant human epidermal keratinocyte line SCC-12F2 with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate suppressed cell growth and differentiation. This agent produced a biphasic growth response greatly inhibiting cell growth at 1 to 10 nM, but much less above 100 nM. Expression of the differentiated functions involucrin and transglutaminase was found to be inhibited markedly at concentrations above 10 nM. Second, 3-methylcholanthrene toxicity was surveyed in a variety of rat epithelial cell types. The two most sensitive to growth inhibition were epidermal and mammary epithelial cells, while those from bladder, prostate, thyroid, and endometrium were insensitive to growth inhibition. Great differences were evident even among those cells derived from stratified squamous epithelia (epidermal, esophageal, vaginal, forestomach) despite their expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities to similar degrees. Finally, expression of estrogen receptors in rat endometrial cells was shown to be stimulated by the cAMP-elevating agent forskolin. Maximal stimulation of 3- to 6-fold occurred in 6 hr, compatible with a requirement for protein synthesis. Although expressing keratinocyte character (transglutaminase activity and envelope forming ability), the cells thus retain some hormonal character that may be modulated by cAMP-dependent kinase activity. Pursuit of such results will aid in understanding differences in response among cell types and species, in elucidating mechanisms of action of known toxic substances and, ultimately, in predicting toxicity of less well understood agents.
Recombinant adenovirus carrying the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha gene inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft growth in mice
Authors: Xin Zeng, Yong Lin, Chuan Yin, Xin Zhang, Bei-Fang Ning, Qing Zhang, Jun-Ping Zhang, Lei Qiu, Xiao-Ran Qin, Yue-Xiang Chen, Wei-Fen Xie
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF1α) is one of the key transcription factors of the HNF family, which plays a critical role in hepatocyte differentiation. Substantial evidence has suggested that down-regulation of HNF1α may contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, human cancer cells and tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) were isolated from human HCC tissues, respectively. A recombinant adenovirus carrying the HNF1α gene (AdHNF1α) was constructed to determine its effect on HCC in vitro and in vivo . Our results demonstrated that HCC cells and HCC tissues revealed reduced expression of HNF1α. Forced reexpression of HNF1α significantly suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells and TAFs and inhibited the clonogenic growth of hepatoma cells in vitro . In parallel, HNF1α overexpression reestablished the expression of certain liver-specific genes and microRNA 192 and 194 levels, with a resultant increase in p21 levels and induction of G2/M arrest. Additionally, AdHNF1α inhibited the expression of cluster of differentiation 133 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule and the signal pathways of the mammalian target of rapamycin and transforming growth factor beta/Smads. Furthermore, HNF1α abolished the tumorigenicity of hepatoma cells in vivo . Most interestingly, intratumoral injection of AdHNF1α significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous HCC xenografts in nude mice. Systemic delivery of AdHNF1α could eradicate the orthotopic liver HCC nodules in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Conclusion: These results suggest that the potent inhibitive effect of HNF1α on HCC is attained by inducing the differentiation of hepatoma cells into mature hepatocytes and G2/M arrest. HNF1α might represent a novel, promising therapeutic agent for human HCC treatment. Our findings also encourage the evaluation of differentiation therapy for tumors of organs other than liver using their corresponding differentiation-determining transcription factor. (Hepatology 2011)
Human Papillomavirus Infection
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Alison E. Burke, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Eileen F. Dunne, MD, MPH; Elizabeth R. Unger, PhD, MD; Maya Sternberg, PhD; Geraldine McQuillan, PhD; David C. Swan, PhD; Sonya S. Patel, BS; Lauri E. Markowitz, MD
Outcome in patients with an ICD incorporating cardiac resynchronisation therapy: Differences between primary and secondary prophylaxis
Authors: Dominic A.M.J. Theuns, Andrew S. Thornton, A. Peter J. Klootwijk, Marcoen F. Scholten, Pascal J.M.J. Vantrimpont, Aggie H.M.M. Balk, Luc J. Jordaens
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)
Low grade B cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach: clinical and endoscopic features, treatment, and outcome.
Authors: M Blazquez, C Haioun, M T Chaumette, P Gaulard, F Reyes, J C Soule, J C Delchier
Journal: Gut (1992)

A retrospective study of the clinical and endoscopic features of low grade gastric lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in 16 patients together with treatment and outcome was undertaken. Immunohistochemical studies of fresh tissue easily distinguished MALT lymphoma from benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (pseudolymphoma) and showed that tumour cells had the characteristic phenotype indicative of their origin from MALT. Persistent epigastric pain was the main presenting complaint, and was often associated with acute bleeding, anaemia, or weight loss. Eight patients had a past history of recurrent peptic ulcers or gastritis. The endoscopic appearance suggested malignancy in only half the cases and was compatible with gastritis or a benign peptic ulcer in the remainder. There was extragastric involvement of other mucosal sites in eight patients (mainly the lung, but also the parotid gland and small bowel), but rarely was bone marrow and never the spleen or peripheral lymph nodes affected. Conservative treatment with long term cyclophosphamide was effective in both stage I and stage IV disease, and all the patients are alive after a median follow up of 4.5 years. These findings confirm that low grade gastric MALT lymphomas are usually indolent tumours with non-specific endoscopic aspects and show that dissemination to other mucosal sites was more frequent than previously reported. Monochemotherapy could be an effective alternative treatment to surgery.
ETIOLOGY OF ALOPECIA PREMATURA.
Authors: J. M. BLAINE
Journal: JAMA (1899)

In a paper on alopecia prematura, read before the Colorado State Medical Society three years ago, I referred incidentally to what I believed to be the true cause of hair falling in young men. I desire in this paper to confine myself to the causes alone, and will attempt to show that in most cases the longaccepted theories as to causation are incorrect, and that, in the vast majority of instances, the only hypothesis that will bear the searchlight of investigation is the one that I shall here set forth. In symptomatic alopecia prematura the causes are various, but easily found. If falling of hair be associated with any visible disease of the scalp or hair, it may safely be regarded as a sequence of the graver disease, and not per se, the disease itself. The variety of alopecia prematura about which we have heretofore known nothing as to its
Essential role of the cryptic epitope SLAYGLR within osteopontin in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Nobuchika Yamamoto, Fumihiko Sakai, Shigeyuki Kon, Junko Morimoto, Chiemi Kimura, Harumi Yamazaki, Ikuko Okazaki, Nobuo Seki, Takashi Fujii, Toshimitsu Uede
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

It has been shown that osteopontin (OPN) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the molecular mechanism of OPN action is yet to be elucidated. Splenic monocytes obtained from arthritic mice exhibited a significant capacity for cell migration toward thrombin-cleaved OPN but not toward full-length OPN. Migratory monocytes expressed alpha9 and alpha4 integrins. Since cleavage of OPN by thrombin exposes the cryptic epitope recognized by alpha9 and alpha4 integrins, we investigated the role of the cryptic epitope SLAYGLR in a murine RA model by using a specific antibody (M5) reacting to SLAYGLR sequence. The M5 antibody could abrogate monocyte migration toward the thrombin-cleaved form of OPN. Importantly, M5 antibody could inhibit the proliferation of synovium, bone erosion, and inflammatory cell infiltration in arthritic joints. Thus, we demonstrated that a cryptic epitope, the SLAYGLR sequence of murine OPN, is critically involved in the pathogenesis of a murine model of RA.
Unusual Presentations of Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma as Detected by anti-3 F-18 FACBC PET/CT
Authors: Rianot Amzat, Pooneh Taleghani, Bital Savir-Baruch, Peter T. Nieh, Viraj A. Master, Raghuveer K. Halkar, Melinda M. Lewis, Michelle Faurot, Leah M. Bellamy, Mark M. Goodman, David M. Schuster
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in males in the United States. The pattern of metastatic disease of prostate cancer is well recognized, frequently involving sclerotic bone lesions and abdominopelvic lymph nodes. Anti-3 F-18 FACBC acid is a synthetic amino acid analog positron emission tomography radiotracer with reported utility in the detection of prostate carcinoma. We present 2 cases of unusual presentations of prostate carcinoma, one with malignant ascites and omental implants and the other with lytic bone lesions detected with anti-3 F-18 FACBC acid.
Uric acid and plasma lipids in cerebrovascular disease Part I, prevalence of hyperuricaemia
Authors: J. Pearce, H. Aziz
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Serum uric acid levels measured by the phosphotungstic sodium cyanide method have been estimated in 60 patients suffering from a cerebrovascular incident. Patients with diseases known to predispose to hyperuricaemia were excluded. Twenty-five per cent. of patients with acute strokes had hyperuricaemia, and this did not appear to be a transitory phenomenon. These findings suggest that hyperuricaemia may be one of the factors in the pathogenesis of atheroma.
Blood transfusion and colorectal cancer.
Authors: N G Lavies, T Long, D E Hoffler
Journal: BMJ (1985)

psoriasis NS; Student's t test).At present a sex and smoking matched control group is not available for comparison with the patients with palmoplantar pustulosis, but there was no difference between results for smokers and non-smokers within the three groups of subjects.Our study has shown similar results of assessment of neutrophil morphology in palmoplantar pustulosis and psoriasis.Abnormalities of neutro- phil C3b receptor function in the two disorders have also been reported to be similar,6 although this may not be the case for intralesional neutrophils.7Although our preliminary results suggest that peripheral blood neutrophil morphology is not changed by cigarette smoking, further studies of the relation between psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis, smoking, chemoattractant production, and neutrophil function are certainly warranted to explain the epidemiological findings reported by Dr O'Doherty and Ms Macintyre.
What is the locality assumption and how is it violated?
Authors: Vinod Goel, Paolo Nichelli, Jordan Grafman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

We respond to Farah (1994) by making some general remarks about information encapsulation and locality and asking how these are violated in her computational models. Our point is not that we disagree, but rather that Farah's treatment of the issues is not sufficiently rigorous to allow an evaluation of her claims.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with clarithromycin and omeprazole.
Authors: R P Logan, P A Gummett, H D Schaufelberger, R R Greaves, G M Mendelson, M M Walker, P H Thomas, J H Baron, J J Misiewicz
Journal: Gut (1994)

Clarithromycin, a new and well tolerated, acid stable macrolide antibiotic, has a similar antimicrobial spectrum to erythromycin but a better in vitro MIC90 (0.03 microgram/l-1) against Helicobacter pylori (H pylori). This study aimed at determining the eradication rate using clarithromycin 500 mg thrice daily and omeprazole 40 mg daily for two weeks. Patients were given an endoscopy and H pylori status assessed by antral culture (microaerobic conditions, for up to 10 days), antral and corpus histology tests (haematoxylin and eosin/Gimenez stains), and 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT, European standard protocol, positive result = excess delta 13CO2 excretion &gt; 5 per mil). Compliance was assessed by returned tablet counts. H pylori clearance at the end of treatment and eradication four weeks after finishing treatment were assessed by the 13C-UBT. Seventy three patients (54 men, median age 45 years) with duodenal ulcers (n = 42) or duodenitis/non-ulcer dyspepsia (n = 31) all with a positive 13C-UBT (mean (SEM) excess delta-13CO2 excretion = 26.6 (4.9) per mil) and either positive antral histology (n = 72) or positive antral culture (n = 35) were studied. Before treatment 2/27 (7%) isolates of H pylori were resistant to clarithromycin and five isolates were resistant to metronidazole. In 70/73 (96%) the 13C-UBT was negative immediately after finishing treatment. Four weeks later the 13C-UBT was negative in 57/73 (mean (SEM) excess delta 13CO2 excretion = 1.2 (0.3) per mil, eradication rate = 78%). Forty eight (66%) patients experienced a metallic taste while taking the tablets. Although four (5%) patients, however, could not complete the course of treatment, in only one of these four was H pylori not eradicated. These results show that duel therapy with clarithromycin and omeprazole is well tolerated. With an eradication rate of 78% it is an effective treatment for metronidazole resistant H pylori and may be an alternative to standard triple therapy.
THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN SIMPLE GLAUCOMA AND OPTIC NERVE ATROPHY.
Authors: B. ALEXANDER RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1896)

At first thought little difficulty would seem to present itself in differentiating simple glaucoma from optic atrophy, and in the majority of cases any careful student ought to succeed. A table can easily be constructed, giving the typical like and unlike symptoms with such clearness of "deadly parallel columns" as to make the tyro sure that only a blockhead could err. Yet some or all of our differentiating signs are at times lacking or doubtful, anomalous or casual complications are encountered, and experience teaches that the best-posted observers are tried at times to the uttermost by the uncertainties of some cases. And when a case passes from one to another with varying diagnosis, the later student will do well to temper his self-gratulations by remembering that the cardinal symptoms may have been wholly masked before, and better fortune rather than superior skill has given him the advantage. It behooves us,