tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Health and Emotional Effects of Art Stimulation in Old Age
Authors: Brüt-Maj Wikström, Töres Theorell, Sven Sandström
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

The present article reports on a controlled intervention study of the effects of a nondirected use of pictures as a possible modality for improving well-being in elderly women. Works of art were chosen for the individual taste pattern on the basis of psychological and art scientific research on aesthetic reactions to and perception of art. Participants were randomly allocated either to the intervention (n = 20) or to the control (n = 20) group. Participants in both groups had the same amount of social contact with and attention from the experimenter. The difference between the groups indicated improved well-being in the intervention group, an improvement not seen in the control group. The quantitative analyses of the results reveal a significant improvement of the positive mood parameters happiness, peacefulness, satisfaction and calmness and the negative parameters low-spirited, unhappy and sad. Systolic blood pressure decreased and an improvement was seen in the subjects' medical health status with regard to reported dizziness, fatigue, pain and use of laxatives.
The Position of Women in Judaism
Authors: FRED ROSNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 April 1971The Position of Women in JudaismFRED ROSNER, M.D.FRED ROSNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-4-645 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the essay entitled "Man Versus Woman: A Historical and Cultural Framework," by Dr. Charles D. Aring, in the December 1970 issue of the ANNALS. Certain inaccuracies in that article need to be corrected. First, the "profound debasement of women" in Judaism is far from the truth (vide infra). Second, to call Rabbi Maimonides a "holy man" is an extremely poor characterization of this medieval genius, renowned as a philosopher (1), theologian (2), astronomer (3), and physician (4). Finally, the "prayer from Jewish culture of bygone years" is not at all obsolete but is,...References1. PINES S: Moses Maimonides' Guide of the Perplexed (transl.). Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1963 Google Scholar2. MAIMONIDES M: Mishneh Torah [The Code of Maimonides]. Jerusalem, Mossad Harav Kook, 1962 Google Scholar3. GANDZ S: The Code of Maimonides Sanctification of the New Moon, Book 3, Treatise 8, trans. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1956 Google Scholar4. ROSNER F: Maimonides the physician: a bibliography. Bull Hist Med 43:221-235, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar5. ZEVIN S (editor): Talmudic Encyclopedia, vol. 2. Jerusalem, 1956 Google Scholar6. ASHKENAZI S: Ha'ishah Be'ispaklariyah Hayahaduth. Tel Aviv, Yizrael Publishers, 3 volumes, 1953-1955 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Queens Hospital Center Affiliate of the Long Island Jewish Medical Center Jamaica, N.Y. 11432 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1971Volume 74, Issue 4Page: 645-646 Issue Published: 1 April 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Academic freedom: History trumps questionnaire
Authors: James R. Flynn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

The fact that a right is unlikely to be exercised by most members of a group does not mean it has lost its social and justice-defending utility. Current attitudes can be revealed by a questionnaire, but the value of a tradition must be assessed in the light of history. Historically, academic freedom and tenure are inseparable and mutually reinforcing.
Reduced nitric oxide production by l-arginine deficiency in lysinuric protein intolerance exacerbates intravascular coagulation
Authors: Yoshiro Kayanoki, Sumio Kawata, Eiji Yamasaki, Shin-ichi Kiso, Satoshi Inoue, Shinji Tamura, Naoyuki Taniguchi, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Collection of samples of intestinal juices in infants and children with a new device avoiding contamination.
Authors: S Cadranel, P Rodesch, J P Butzler
Journal: Gut (1973)

In recent years the intestinal microflora has been widely investigated in man, in illness as well as in health, with the aim of finding an aetiological explanation for some protracted infective diarrhoeas with negative stool cultures.Three types of technique are commonly used: direct needling at operation (Creagan and Hayward, 1953), peroral intubation, or aspiration of intestinal fluids using tubes, either
The Effects of Severe Muscular Exertion, Sudden and Prolonged, in Young Adolescents
Authors: W. Collier
Journal: BMJ (1901)

SEVERE MUSCULAR EXERTION IN ADOLESCENTS.Mu BNNr 383 -delay when present would be always noticeable by the sense of touch seems to me incredible.To explain that it is ever noticeablebytouch,we notonlyhave ito assume a low arterial blood pressure and enlargement and swant of tone in the arteries, but to reconsider the fact that in free aortic insufficiency there is an " aortic" pressure in the ventricle at the beginning of systole.It is here, I think, that the additional and complete explanation is to be found.In a normal heart the blood pressure in the ventricle at the beginning of systole is about 20 mm.Hg.; in less than one- tenth of a second the intraventricular pressure is raised to 5o. or 200 mm.Hg., the effect is a sud en impulse or " slaD " against the ventricuiar surface of the aortic valves, and the wave-created thereby is sudden and of great velocity-28 feet per second-(Von Frey).A FACTOR NOT HITHERTO NOTICED.In aortic regurgitation, when the intraventricular pressure at the onset of systole is already I50 mm.Hg. or upwards, the -contraction is more of the nature of a steady push against a weight, and the resulting wave, not being created by impact, is a slowly propagated wave-that is, one of very much less velocity.The elucidation of this point is the main object of this paper.
Drive to vaccinate children in developing countries faces "acute crisis" because of high costs
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Medecins Sans Frontieres and Oxfam International have warned that the global campaign to vaccinate children in poor countries is being hampered by high prices and is facing an acute funding crisis.

A report issued by the charities says that multiple factors make delivering vaccines to children in developing countries difficult. These include “high prices of newer vaccines, the lack of R&D [research and development] for better-adapted and needed vaccines, as well as weak health systems with corresponding health worker shortages.”

Despite their impact, vaccines have generally received less attention than drugs in the past, says the report. But “the vaccine landscape is shifting,” and new opportunities, challenges, and debates have “pushed vaccines to the centre …
P420NAADP signalling augments ischaemia-reperfusion injury via two-pore channel 1 (TPC1)
Authors: KK Foote, YJ Zhao, RM Graeff, DM Yellon, SM Davidson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterised by excessive intracellular levels of Ca2+ in cardiomyocytes which leads to mitochondrial pore opening and cell death. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a potent second messenger which mobilises Ca2+ from lysosomes, which in turn can trigger Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Lethal Ca2+ oscillations occur in cardiomyocytes during reoxygenation after simulated ischaemia. Ned-19 is a pharmacological inhibitor of NAADP signalling which we found suppresses Ca2+ oscillations during reoxygenation, reducing mitochondrial pore opening and enhancing cell survival. In line with this, we therefore hypothesised that mice with a genetic ablation of the putative NAADP receptor on lysosomes, the two-pore channel (TPC), would be protected against IRI. We also investigated whether the mechanism of protection of Ned-19 involved a direct effect on mitochondria, or on NAADP levels. Methods: Adult TPC1 knockout mice and wild-type littermates were subjected to IRI in vivo by occlusion of the left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Infarct size as a proportion of area at risk was measured using triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Evan's blue. The effect of Ned-19 (10μM) was assessed in cells subject to laser-induced oxidative stress, and in a mitochondrial swelling assay using 500μM free Ca2+ to induce pore opening. NAADP levels were measured in isolated mouse hearts before and after 30 min ischaemia using an enzymatic cycling assay. Results: Mice lacking TPC1 had significantly reduced infarct size compared to wild-type controls (33 ± 5 vs. 51 ± 5%; P<0.05). Ned-19 delayed mPTP opening in cells (100 ± 0 DMSO vs. 155 ± 20% Ned-19; P<0.05), but had no effect on mPTP opening in isolated mitochondria (12 ± 3 vs. 11 ± 2%; P<0.05), supporting an indirect effect involving suppression of Ca2+ oscillations. Myocardial NAADP levels were significantly reduced after a period of 30 min global ischaemia from 8.3 ± 2.0 fmol.mg-1 protein to 2.0 ± 0.3 fmol.mg-1. Upon reperfusion, NAADP levels recovered. Conclusion: These data show that NAADP levels are dynamically regulated during ischaemia and reperfusion supporting a role for NAADP signalling in IRI. NAADP may augment reperfusion injury by stimulating Ca2+ release via TPC1 channels, indirectly augmenting SR Ca2+ oscillations and mitochondrial pore opening. By inhibiting NAADP signalling, Ned-19 may offer a novel approach to preventing IRI.
Bivalirudin as sole anticoagulant in peripheral vascular disease: A safety and feasible alternative in renal and Iliac interventions
Authors: David E. Allie, Mitchell D. Lirtzman, Charles H. Wyatt, V.Antoine Keller, Mohamed H. Khan, Muhammad A. Khan, Peter S. Fail, Chris J. Hebert, Adam A. Allie, Craig M. Walker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
New deal issues at Pinderfields
Authors: P J Curley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The conflicting pressures created by Achieving a Balance, the new deal on junior doctors’ hours, and the Calman report on specialist training all impinge on the quality of life that consultants can expect in the future, but the immediate impact is on junior hospital doctors. Concern has recently been expressed about the difficulties of introducing 72 hour limits by December 1994. In addition to these direct changes the impact of the internal market and the purchaser and provider divide could lead to large numbers of dissatisfied and demoralised junior doctors. Indeed, a recent survey suggests that up to half of doctors have considered leaving medicine.

Perhaps the most frustrating part of a junior doctor's life is the belief that you have no control over events which shape hospital life and even your future career prospects. But my recent experience as a higher surgical trainee at Pinderfields Hospitals NHS Trust in Wakefield, Yorkshire, has prompted me to write this account. Within a short time of arriving it was apparent that there were considerable problems with accommodation, catering, postgraduate teaching, and hours of work. Indeed, the regional task force had described conditions as among the worst in Yorkshire. …
Is neck dissection necessary for early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis or not?
Authors: M. Eken, E. Eken
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

The objectives of surgery for early to moderately advanced supraglottic cancer are cure of the tumor with preservation of voice, deglutition, and an intact airway. Yoshida et al. [1] performed a submucosal resection of a supraglottic tumor (T1 squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis), which is a conservative operation that protects the functional structure of the larynx. Although this treatment option seems to control the primary supraglottic cancer, it solves only part of the problem. The remaining issue is the high incidence of regional lymph node metastasis associated with supraglottic cancer, which ranges from 25 % to 50 %. Clinically, 30 % – 50 % of metastases are palpable, and 20 % – 40 % of clinically negative necks (N0) have occult metastases [2] [3] [4]. In addition, lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in supraglottic cancer. Most authors agree that, because of the high probability of occult neck metastasis, selective neck dissection should be performed even in patients with stage 1 and 2 disease [5] [6]. For this reason, this type of surgery would seem to be an undertreatment, and undertreating such patients will decrease their chances of survival because the highest probability of survival is always obtained by control of the disease in the neck.
Association between air pollution and low birth weight: a community-based study.
Authors: X Wang, H Ding, L Ryan, X Xu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The relationship between maternal exposure to air pollution during periods of pregnancy (entire and specific periods) and birth weight was investigated in a well-defined cohort. Between 1988 and 1991, all pregnant women living in four residential areas of Beijing were registered and followed from early pregnancy until delivery. Information on individual mothers and infants was collected. Daily air pollution data were obtained independently. The sample for analysis included 74,671 first-parity live births were gestational age 37-44 weeks. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to estimate the effects of air pollution on birth weight and low birth weight (< 2,500 g), adjusting for gestational age, residence, year of birth, maternal age, and infant gender. There was a significant exposure-response relationship between maternal exposures to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and total suspended particles (TSP) during the third trimester of pregnancy and infant birth weight. The adjusted odds ratio for low birth weight was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06-1.16) for each 100 micrograms/m3 increase in SO2 and 1.10 (95% CI, 1.05-1.14) for each 100 micrograms/m3 increase in TSP. The estimated reduction in birth weight was 7.3 g and 6.9 g for each 100 micrograms/m3 increase in SO2 and in TSP, respectively. The birth weight distribution of the high-exposure group was more skewed toward the left tail (i.e., with higher proportion of births < 2,500 g) than that of the low-exposure group. Although the effects of other unmeasured risk factors cannot be excluded with certainty, our data suggests that TSP and SO2, or a more complex pollution mixture associated with these pollutants, contribute to an excess risk of low birth weight in the Beijing population.
Socioeconomic Status in Health Research
Authors: Paula A. Braveman, Catherine Cubbin, Susan Egerter, Sekai Chideya, Kristen S. Marchi, Marilyn Metzler, Samuel Posner
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Problems with measuring socioeconomic status (SES)-frequently included in clinical and public health studies as a control variable and less frequently as the variable(s) of main interest-could affect research findings and conclusions, with implications for practice and policy. We critically examine standard SES measurement approaches, illustrating problems with examples from new analyses and the literature. For example, marked racial/ethnic differences in income at a given educational level and in wealth at a given income level raise questions about the socioeconomic comparability of individuals who are similar on education or income alone. Evidence also shows that conclusions about nonsocioeconomic causes of racial/ethnic differences in health may depend on the measure-eg, income, wealth, education, occupation, neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, or past socioeconomic experiences-used to "control for SES," suggesting that findings from studies that have measured limited aspects of SES should be reassessed. We recommend an outcome- and social group-specific approach to SES measurement that involves (1) considering plausible explanatory pathways and mechanisms, (2) measuring as much relevant socioeconomic information as possible, (3) specifying the particular socioeconomic factors measured (rather than SES overall), and (4) systematically considering how potentially important unmeasured socioeconomic factors may affect conclusions. Better SES measures are needed in data sources, but improvements could be made by using existing information more thoughtfully and acknowledging its limitations.
The Assessment and Placement Service.
Authors: J. R. D. Bayne
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973The Assessment and Placement Service.J. R. D. Bayne, M.D., F.A.C.P.J. R. D. Bayne, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-834_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Assessment and Placement Service of the Hamilton District Health Council began operations in September 1971 with funding by the Ontario Ministry of Health. Its aims are to aid physicians and other health team professionals in assessing the impairments of physical and psychological function, the social and economic background, and the treatment requirements of persons with long-term disabling disease, by a specialty prepared assessment form; to identify available health care, maintenance, residential, rehabilitative, or restorative programs appropriate to the referred patient and to make recommendations to the referring health team; to identify lacks in programs and to retrieve data on... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. R. D. Bayne, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Hamilton, Ontario Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 834-835KeywordsHealth careHealth economicsInformation storage and retrieval ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract IA15: HIFs, hypoxia, and tumor progression
Authors: M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Intratumoral hypoxia and expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α (HIF1α) correlate with metastasis and poor survival in sarcoma patients. We demonstrate here that hypoxia controls sarcoma cell metastasis through a novel mechanism in which HIF1α induces the expression of the intracellular enzyme procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2). PLOD2 hydroxylates procollagen, consequently altering the structure of extracellular collagen fibers along which transformed cells migrate in primary tumors. We show that loss of HIF1α or PLOD2 expression disrupts collagen deposition, cell migration and pulmonary metastasis (but not primary tumor growth) in allograft and autochthonous LSL-KrasG12D/+; Trp53fl/fl murine sarcoma models. Furthermore, ectopic PLOD2 expression restores migration and metastatic potential in HIF1α-deficient cells and tumors, and microarray analyses of human sarcomas reveal elevated HIF1α and PLOD2 expression in metastatic primary lesions. Collectively, these data indicate that whereas HIF1α activity modifies pre-metastatic niches in carcinomas, it controls sarcoma metastasis through PLOD2-dependent collagen deposition in primary tumors. Therefore, we conclude that PLOD2 is a novel therapeutic target in sarcomas and successful inhibition of this enzyme may reduce tumor cell dissemination. Citation Format: M. Celeste Simon. HIFs, hypoxia, and tumor progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA15.
Translational control plays a prominent role in the hepatocytic differentiation of HepaRG liver progenitor cells
Authors: Romain Parent, Laura Beretta
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

We investigated the molecular events associated with the differentiation of liver progenitor cells into functional and polarized hepatocytes, using human HepaRG cells that display potent hepatocytic differentiation-inducible properties and share some features with liver progenitor cells.Profiling of total and of polysome-bound transcripts isolated from HepaRG cells undergoing hepatocytic differentiation was performed. A group of 3,071 probe sets was reproducibly regulated by at least 2-fold in total or in polysome-bound RNA populations, upon differentiation. The fold changes in the total and the polysome-bound RNA populations for these 3,071 probe sets were poorly correlated (R = 0.38). Moreover, while the majority of the regulated polysome-bound RNA probe sets were up-regulated upon differentiation, the majority of the regulated probe sets selected from the total RNA population was down-regulated. Genes translationally up-regulated were associated with cell cycle inhibition, increased susceptibility to apoptosis and innate immunity. In contrast, genes transcriptionally up-regulated during differentiation corresponded in the majority to liver-enriched transcripts involved in lipid homeostasis and drug metabolism. Finally, several epithelial and hepato-specific transcripts were strongly induced in the total RNA population but were translationally repressed.Translational regulation is the main genomic event associated with hepatocytic differentiation of liver progenitor cells in vitro and targets genes critical for moderating hepatocellular growth, cell death and susceptibility to pathogens. Transcriptional regulation targets specifically liver-enriched transcripts vital for establishing normal hepatic energy homeostasis, cell morphology and polarization. The hepatocytic differentiation is also accompanied by a reduction of the transcript content complexity.
Effect of Menstrual Cycle and Method of Contraception on Recovery of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: William M. McCormack
Journal: JAMA (1982)

We examined the records of 5,287 women who were names as sexual contacts of men who had gonococcal urethritis in the National Gonorrhea Therapy Monitoring Study. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was recovered from endocervical cultures from 3,247 (61.4%) of the women. Participants who were seen during the first five days of the menstrual cycle were slightly more likely to have a positive culture (64.9%) than women who were seen on days 6 through 10 (61.3%), days 11 through 15 (60.0%), days 16 through 20 (59.8%), days 21 through 25 (60.4%), or after day 25 (61.2%). Similar data were obtained for 1,489 untreated women who presented because a recent screening culture contained N gonorrhoeae. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from pretreatment cultures from 231 (79.7%) of 290 such women who were examined during the first five days of their menstrual cycle and from 884 (73.7%) of 1,199 women who were examined later in the cycle. Method of contraception had no statistically significant influence on the recovery of N gonorrhoeae.
474 METFORMIN INCREASES RESPONSE TO IFNa IN INSULIN RESISTANT CELLS THROUGH INHIBITING PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES
Authors: P. Solís-Muñoz, I. García-Ruiz, C. Rodriguez-Juan, E. Gómez-Izquierdo, T. Muñoz-Yagüe, J.A. Solís-Herruzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)