tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P6-07-24: Prognostic Tools in Early Breast Cancer: Predicting benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: EE Parkes, C Davidson, CR James, GG Hanna
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in early breast cancer reduces the risk of mortality. However, absolute reductions in mortality can be small. For patient with low risk disease, prognostic tools such as ‘Adjuvant! Online’ and ‘Predict’ can be used to estimate the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. We compare the survival gains estimated using ‘Adjuvant! Online’ and ‘Predict’ in routine clinical practice, assessing the characteristics of patients in which ‘Adjuvant! Online’ and ‘Predict’ disagree. Methods: In a retrospective study using the hospital electronic database, the clinical and pathological details of all patients with early breast cancer referred for adjuvant therapy at the Northern Ireland Cancer Centre in a 3 month period in 2011 were collected and were entered in to ‘Adjuvant! Online’ and ‘Predict’ to assess percentage benefit (absolute reduction in mortality at 10 years) from CT. We categorised patients into three prognostic groups: those where risk from CT outweighs benefit (&amp;lt;2% predicted benefit), marginal benefit (2 to 5%) and significant benefit from CT (&amp;gt;5%) We excluded patients with metastatic disease at presentation, DCIS, a second primary breast cancer or receiving neo-adjuvant treatment. Results: Of the 250 patients identified, 61 (24.4%) fell in to different prognostic groups depending on whether ‘Adjuvant! Online’ or ‘Predict’ was used to calculate benefit from CT. In those in whom there was disagreement, ‘Adjuvant! Online’ suggested marginal or significant benefit in 75.4% of patients, compared to 55.7% using ‘Predict’. Nine patients had “major” comorbidities, which is weighted only in ‘Adjuvant! Online’, and were excluded in subsequent analysis. Of those without major comorbidities, ‘Adjuvant! Online’ offered at least 2% benefit in 85% of cases, and ‘Predict’ in only 58.3%. The majority (93.3%) of cases were ER positive, and node negative (85.0%). This difference was notable in women aged 65 or less, with 86.2% with &amp;gt;2% benefit using ‘Adjuvant! Online’, compared to 55.1% using ‘Predict’. ‘Adjuvant! Online’ estimates of benefit were on average 3.7% higher for this age group. HER2 status had little impact, with similar recommendations using either ‘Adjuvant! Online’ or ‘Predict’. Conclusions: This study highlights lack of concordance between two available online prognostic tools, notably in ER positive, node negative patients. For patients with a marginal benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, care must be used when making adjuvant treatment decisions as other prognostic tools may be of help in this group of patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-24.
Mechanism of the Systemic, Left Ventricular, and Coronary Vascular Tolerance to a Binge of Cocaine in Conscious Dogs
Authors: Richard P. Shannon, Pedro Lozano, Qing Cai, W. Thomas Manders, You-tang Shen
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Prior experimental studies have emphasized the cardiovascular effects of acute, single doses of cocaine. However, cardiovascular complications are most often reported in chronic users, who have been exposed to repetitive doses of cocaine. It remains unclear whether there is tolerance or sensitization to the systemic, left ventricular, and coronary hemodynamic effects of a binge of cocaine. Methods and Results We studied 11 conscious, chronically instrumented dogs to determine the systemic pressor, inotropic, chronotropic, and coronary vascular resistance responses to cocaine (1 mg/kg IV) administered every 25 minutes for five doses. There was progressive tolerance to the systemic pressor (mean arterial pressure: first dose, +42±4% from 97±2 mm Hg; fifth dose, +8±3% from 116±7 mm Hg; P &lt;.01) and heart rate (first dose, +45±8% from 93±5 bpm; fifth dose, +8±2% from 109±9 bpm; P &lt;.01) responses and abolition of the positive inotropic (left ventricular dP/dt: first dose, +19±4% from 2824±75 mm Hg/s; fifth dose, −3±5% from 2531±436 mm Hg/s; P &lt;.01) and coronary vasoconstrictor (coronary vascular resistance: first dose, +38±9% from 1.9 mm Hg·mL −1 ·min −1 ; fifth dose, −7±2% from 2.6±0.2 mm Hg·mL −1 ·min −1 ; P &lt;.01) responses to a binge of cocaine despite progressive increases in peak plasma cocaine concentrations. In contrast, both the plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine responses were attenuated with repetitive exposure to cocaine, whereas myocardial α- and β-adrenergic responsiveness was maintained. Conclusions Repetitive cocaine administration is associated with the development of early and progressive tolerance to systemic, left ventricular, and coronary vascular effects of cocaine. The mechanism of the tolerance involves neither impaired myocardial nor coronary vascular responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation but, rather, attenuated catecholamine responses to repetitive cocaine administration.
Air Pollution, Airway Inflammation, and Lung Function in a Cohort Study of Mexico City Schoolchildren
Authors: Albino Barraza-Villarreal, Jordi Sunyer, Leticia Hernandez-Cadena, Maria Consuelo Escamilla-Nuñez, Juan Jose Sienra-Monge, Matiana Ramírez-Aguilar, Marlene Cortez-Lugo, Fernando Holguin, David Diaz-Sánchez, Anna Carin Olin, Isabelle Romieu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

The biological mechanisms involved in inflammatory response to air pollution are not clearly understood.In this study we assessed the association of short-term air pollutant exposure with inflammatory markers and lung function.We studied a cohort of 158 asthmatic and 50 nonasthmatic school-age children, followed an average of 22 weeks. We conducted spirometric tests, measurements of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)), interleukin-8 (IL-8) in nasal lavage, and pH of exhaled breath condensate every 15 days during follow-up. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models.An increase of 17.5 microg/m(3) in the 8-hr moving average of PM(2.5) levels (interquartile range) was associated with a 1.08-ppb increase in Fe(NO) [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.16] and a 1.07-pg/mL increase in IL-8 (95% CI 0.98-1.19) in asthmatic children and a 1.16 pg/ml increase in IL-8 (95% CI, 1.00-1.36) in nonasthmatic children. The 5-day accumulated average of exposure to particulate matter <2.5 microm in aerodynamic diamter (PM(2.5)) was significantly inversely associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)) (p=0.048) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (p=0.012) in asthmatic children and with FVC (p=0.021) in nonasthmatic children. Fe(NO) and FEV(1) were inversely associated (p=0.005) in asthmatic children.Exposure to PM(2.5) resulted in acute airway inflammation and decrease in lung function in both asthmatic and nonasthmatic children.
Safe Electronic Health Record Use Requires a Comprehensive Monitoring and Evaluation Framework
Authors: Dean F. Sittig, David C. Classen
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of low-dose cyclosporin A in psoriasis: results of dose-finding studies
Authors: P. TIMONEN, D. FRIEND, K. ABEYWICKRAMA, C. LABURTE, B. GRAFFENRIED, G. FEUTREN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Efficacy of low‐dose cyclosporin A in psoriasis: results of dose‐finding studies Get access P. TIMONEN, P. TIMONEN Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. FRIEND, D. FRIEND Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. ABEYWICKRAMA, K. ABEYWICKRAMA Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. LABURTE, C. LABURTE Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. VON GRAFFENRIED, B. VON GRAFFENRIED Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. FEUTREN G. FEUTREN Immunology Group and Biostatisties Group, Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basle, Switzerland Dr G.Feutren, Clinical Research/Immunology, Sandoz Pharma Ltd, CH‐4002 Basle, Switzerland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue s36, 1 June 1990, Pages 33–39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb02880.x Published: 01 June 1990
Indomethacin and Occult Infections
Authors: Stanley Hoyt Block
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I recently read the article by Joe G. Hardin, MD (240:1889,1978), in which he described a man with long-standing Still's disease and a<i>Proteus mirabilis</i>arthritis of the hip. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and no symptoms suggestive of a continued pyarthrosis, he still had the same organism in the hip six months later at the time of a successful joint replacement. Hardin stated that this patient, who was receiving indomethacin therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, showed no gross signs of infection at surgery. Furthermore, the patient had been clinically well, experiencing only a degree of hip pain compatible with mechanical joint dysfunction. Hardin believed that a Gram-negative bacillary arthritis of this duration, with these few clinical expressions and relatively benign histopathologic signs, had not, to his knowledge, been previously recognized. He hypothesized that this patient's course might be peculiar to infection with<i>P mirabilis</i>and suggested that in
Pathophysiology of Acromegaly*
Authors: SHLOMO MELMED, GLENN D. BRAUNSTEIN, EVA HORVATH, CALVIN EZRIN, KALMAN KOVACS
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1983)

ACROMEGALY, a spectacular disorder of somatic growth and proportion, has fascinated endocrinologists for the past century and was the first pituitary disorder to be clinically recognized (1). Pituitary adenomas are common, being found in 15–25% of autopsies (2–4), but GH-secreting adenomas probably account for <1% of these. Tumors causing acromegaly are usually diagnosed clinically as their manifestations are so apparent during life. Unlike prolactin-secreting tumors and so-called nonfunctional tumors, GH-secreting adenomas are rarely discovered routinely at autopsy. Although about 2500 patients with pituitary tumors are diagnosed annually in the United States (1), the incidence of acromegaly remains undocumented. In a comprehensive community survey, Alexander et al. (5) studied a population of 3.1 million and concluded that a firm diagnosis of acromegaly had been made in 164 patients during an 11-year period. In half of these patients the diagnosis of acromegaly was made on clinical grounds alone while the other half required confirmation of the diagnosis by assay of human GH.
Case 5-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Charles A. Sanders, James B. Caulfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of CaseA 14-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of a heart murmur.She was born of a full-term delivery, with normal growth and development. At the age of six years a cardiac murmur was first noted. Three years before admission exertional fatigue and dyspnea developed. She was stable thereafter on mild limitation of activity. One month before entry there was an episode of syncope while she was undressing. She was referred to this hospital.There was no history of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, edema, cough, hemoptysis, rheumatic fever or chest pain. The patient's parents and four siblings . . .
Sock Dermatitis from Dieldrin.
Authors: C. M. Ross
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1964)

Journal Article Sock Dermatitis from Dieldrin. Get access C. M. Ross C. M. Ross Pretoria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 76, Issue 11, 1 November 1964, Pages 494–495, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb15494.x Published: 01 November 1964
Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Ercan Erdoğan, Mehmet Akkaya, Ahmet Bacaksız, Abdurrahman Tasal, Seref Kul, Osman Sonmez, Murat Turfan, Mehmet Akif Vatankulu, Emin Asoğlu, Emrah Sevgili, Mehmet Ergelen, Hüseyin Uyarel, Omer Göktekin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer and correlation of clinical outcome with translational studies
Authors: S. A. Hussain, D. Ward, D. H. Palmer, D. Barton, V. Veeranna, E. Porfiri, A. Martin, M. Wallace, N. D. James
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15551 Background The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (neo-CT) prior to organ-preservation (chemo-radiation) or cystectomy. Additional translational studies were performed. Methods Patients with stage T2-T4, N0, M0 TCC bladder with calculated GFR =40ml/min were eligible. Neo-CT comprised gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m 2 d1, d8, q21) plus cisplatin (35 mg/m 2 d1, d8, q21) for 4 cycles . Following chemotherapy (CT) patients underwent surgery or radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CRT) treatment based on response to neo-CT and clinician and patient preference. Serial blood samples were collected for proteomic analysis. Results 20 patients have been recruited : 18 males 2 females; median age 70 years (range 47–86); stage T2; 9, T3A; 7, T3B; 4, all G3. 1 patient progressed before CT. 61 cycles of CT have been administered. Treatment has been well tolerated with only 1 neutropenic sepsis episode. 3 of 20 patients developed early progression and did not receive radical treatment. For the remaining 17 patients, choice of definitive treatment (surgery vs. RT/CRT) was based on response to neo-CT. 6 patients with residual disease at post-neo CT cystoscopy underwent surgery. 11/19 (58%) patients had a complete response (CR) to neo-CT, 9 of whom were treated by RT/CRT and 2 patients with pCR declined radical treatment (both alive at 10 and 19 months follow-up (FU)). At median FU of 12 months, 3/6 patients treated surgically and 2/9 patients treated by RT/CRT have died. 1-year survival by intention to treat analysis was 70%. We have used SELDI using the IMAC protein chip array to generate proteomic profiles of the patient sera collected to date. Although the number of samples is limited, the data suggest that there are changes in the pre- chemotherapy serum proteome of 3 patients that developed early progression (relative to 8 patients with CR to neo-CT ). Conclusions Neo-CT is active and well tolerated in MIBC. Proteomic profiling may further improve patient selection. Early data show serum proteome analysis can detect markers of early progression, and may therefore help select patients for different modalities more appropriately. Recruitment is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Nifedipine in hypertensive emergencies.
Authors: O Bertel, D Conen, E W Radu, J Muller, C Lang, U C Dubach
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The effects and safety of using oral nifedipine 10-20 mg as acute antihypertensive treatment were studied in a single-blind placebo-controlled study of 25 consecutive patients with very high blood pressure requiring emergency reduction. In addition the effect of this treatment on cerebral blood flow was investigated using xenon-133 in 10 patients randomly allocated to receive oral nifedipine or intravenous clonidine. Whereas placebo did not alter the blood pressure, oral nifedipine significantly reduced the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in all 25 patients (from 221 +/- 22/126 +/- 14 mm Hg to 152 +/- 20/89 +/- 12 mm Hg after 30 minutes, p less than 0.001). Heart rate increased from 74 +/- 11 to 84 +/- 11 beats/minute (p less than 0.01); this effect was inversely related to age (r = -0.65, p less than 0.01). The falls in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were closely related to the blood pressures before treatment ) r = 0.67, p less than 0.001 for systolic, and r = -0.58, p less than 0.01 for diastolic values). No serious unwanted effects were observed. Measurement of cerebral blood flow after nifedipine showed an increase in flow in four out of five patients. Clonidine, by contrast, reduced cerebral blood flow in all patients by up to 28%. Nifedipine is a simple, effective, and safe alternative drug for managing hypertensive emergencies, especially when continuous monitoring of the patient cannot be guaranteed.
Incorporation of orthophosphate-32P into erythrocyte phospholipids in normal subjects and in patients with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Claude F. Reed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The in vitro incorporation of inorganic (32)P into erythrocyte phospholipids has been studied in normal subjects and in splenectomized patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Phosphatidic acid (PA) was the only lipid measurably labeled in both kinds of cells. The actual turnover rate of PA phosphate was determined by simultaneously isolating inorganic phosphate (P(i)) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and determining their specific activities. This turnover is very small: 1.3 mumoles P/liter of erythrocytes per hr in normal cells and 4.0 mumoles P in HS erythrocytes when either ATP or cellular P(i) is considered the immediate precursor. This value represents less than 0.1% of the total membrane lipid phosphate. Incorporation of added (32)P(i) into the other phosphatides, including phosphatidyl serine, was essentially zero in both kinds of cells. The effects of stimulation and inhibition of active cation transport, metabolic depletion, and extracellular phosphate concentration on both the degree of labeling and the actual turnover of PA phosphate were studied. In any given experiment, the degree of labeling of PA depended on the specific activities of the other intracellular phosphates (P(i) and ATP). The actual turnover rate of PA phosphate, however, did not vary with active transport or metabolic depletion. The greater turnover of PA phosphate in HS erythrocytes may be due to the somewhat younger age of these cells. The results suggest that the very low turnover of PA phosphate in erythrocytes is mediated by nonspecific enzyme reactions, and that it is quantitatively insignificant in both normal and HS erythrocytes. The results also emphasize the importance of measuring intracellular phosphate precursors in any study evaluating cellular phospholipid turnover from added (32)P(i).
The Risk of Sidestream Smoke From Pipes
Authors: Phillip Whidden
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —Dr Larry R. Kirkland1objected to pipe smokers  lumped with cigarette smokers. Similarly, we take issue with passive smokers being lumped with true nonsmokers in epidemiological studies of active smoking. Most nonsmokers are smokers—at second hand.  Kirkland focuses almost all of his attack against Tuteur2on his use of the word intermediate by referring to one dictionary's definition of that word. From this one subjective definition, Kirkland launched a discussion as to whether secondhand smoke from pipes causes a large increase of risk for lung cancer or heart disease. Tuteur was answering the question, Have there been any studies showing that pipe smokers have more lung disease or heart disease than nonsmokers? This was answered succinctly. There are risks for pipe smokers and some of these risks probably arise from inhalation of sidestream smoke from their pipes since many pipe smokers do not inhale
Safety and Tolerability of Omecamtiv Mecarbil During Exercise in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Angina
Authors: Barry H. Greenberg, Willis Chou, Khalil G. Saikali, Rafael Escandón, Jacqueline H. Lee, Michael M. Chen, Tatyana Treshkur, Irakli Megreladze, Scott M. Wasserman, Paul Eisenberg, Fady I. Malik, Andrew A. Wolff, Tamaz Shaburishvili
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

The goal of this study was to assess the safety and tolerability of omecamtiv mecarbil treatment during symptom-limited exercise in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and angina. These patients may have increased vulnerability to prolongation of the systolic ejection time. Omecamtiv mecarbil is a selective cardiac myosin activator that augments cardiac contractility in patients with systolic heart failure through a dose-dependent increase in systolic ejection time. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients with chronic heart failure were randomized 2:1 to receive omecamtiv mecarbil or placebo in 2 sequential cohorts of escalating doses designed to achieve plasma concentrations previously shown to increase systolic function. Patients underwent 2 symptom-limited exercise treadmill tests (ETTs) at baseline (ETT1 and ETT2) and again before the end of a 20-h infusion of omecamtiv mecarbil (ETT3). The primary pre-defined safety endpoint (i.e., the proportion of patients who stopped ETT3 because of angina at a stage earlier than baseline) was observed in 1 patient receiving placebo and none receiving omecamtiv mecarbil. No dose-dependent differences emerged in the proportion of patients stopping ETT3 for any reason or in the pattern of adverse events. Doses of omecamtiv mecarbil producing plasma concentrations previously shown to increase systolic function were well tolerated during exercise in these study patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and angina. There was no indication that treatment increased the likelihood of myocardial ischemia in this high-risk population. (Pharmacokinetics [PK] and Tolerability of Intravenous [IV] and Oral CK-1827452 in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Angina; NCT00682565).
Gallbladder Visualization on a Technetium-99m MDP Bone Scan
Authors: NEAL M. LISANN, CHRISTOPHER J. PALESTRO, IRA S. NOVICH, RICHARD S. BENUA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A bone scan performed on a 54-year-old woman with metastatic breast carcinoma and concurrent cholelithiasis demonstrated intense gallbladder concentration of radionuclide.