tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Concomitant secretion of prourokinase and of a plasminogen activator-specific inhibitor by cultured human monocytes-macrophages.
Authors: J D Vassalli, J M Dayer, A Wohlwend, D Belin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

The plasminogen activator (PA) produced by freshly purified human monocytes-macrophages and histiocytic, lymphoma-derived U 937 cells was analyzed by zymography after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and found to migrate with an apparent Mr of 55,000, identical to that of urokinase (Uk). By immunoprecipitation with antibodies specific for the two different types of PA, the enzyme was shown to be immunologically related to urokinase, and not to tissue PA. Urokinase was secreted in the form of the inactive Mr 55,000 zymogen prourokinase , and could be converted to the active Mr 55,000 enzyme by limited proteolysis with plasmin. Conditioned media from cultures of U 937 cells and monocytes-macrophages inhibited the fibrinolytic activity of exogenously added urokinase. Using [125I]-labeled urokinase we observed the formation of an enzyme-ligand complex, which was not dissociated by boiling in SDS and migrated with an apparent Mr 40,000 daltons higher than the free enzyme; since complexed urokinase was functionally inactivated as a PA, the ligand is an inhibitor of urokinase. This inhibitor is different from fibroblast-produced protease- nexin , in that it did not interact with thrombin. These results suggest that plasminogen activation by mononuclear phagocytes can be modulated through the secretion of both (pro)enzyme and a specific inhibitor.
Antigen-specific, antibody-coated, exosome-like nanovesicles deliver suppressor T-cell microRNA-150 to effector T cells to inhibit contact sensitivity
Authors: Krzysztof Bryniarski, Wlodzimierz Ptak, Asha Jayakumar, Kerstin Püllmann, Michael J. Caplan, Arthit Chairoungdua, Jun Lu, Brian D. Adams, Emilia Sikora, Katarzyna Nazimek, Susanna Marquez, Steven H. Kleinstein, Panjamaporn Sangwung, Yasuko Iwakiri, Eric Delgato, Frank Redegeld, Bart R. Blokhuis, Jacek Wojcikowski, Anna Wladyslawa Daniel, Tom Groot Kormelink, Philip W. Askenase
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Increased mortality from liver cancer in England and Wales is not related to hepatitis C
Authors: S. D Taylor-Robinson, H. C Thomas, S. Arora, S. Hargreaves
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—We were surprised to read the letter from Harris and colleagues disagreeing with our findings on mortality from liver cancer since their data and conclusions are similar to our own.1 2 We are agreed that death rates in England and Wales from all causes of malignant tumours of the liver are increasing (ICD-9 (international classification of diseases, ninth revision) …
Medical student lies for university place
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1995)

A Glasgow man seems set to lose his place at medical school after it emerged that he lied about his age. Brian MacKinnon, 32, had claimed to be 17 year old Brandon Lee and had used this identity to get back into the fifth form of his old school and retake his exams. He was accepted by Dundee University's medical school after passing his Higher examinations.

Mr MacKinnon persuaded the headmaster of Bearsden Academy, Norman MacLeod, that he was a teenager who had been living in Canada until his parents died, after which he moved …
Abstract A67: Obesity promotes growth of ovarian cancer through adipose stem cells
Authors: Yan Zhang, Travis Solley, Aleksandra Nowicka, Ann Klopp
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Excess visceral adiposity increases the risk of ovarian cancer. Intraperitoneal spread to omental adipose is a frequent event and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women with ovarian cancer. We have recently described a population of tumor tropic adipose stem cells from omental adipose. We hypothesized that visceral obesity alters the visceral adipose population to enhance the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. Results: Intraperitoneally injected ID8 ovarian cancer cells grew significantly faster in mice with diet-induced obesity (p&amp;lt;0.05). To determine if the tumor promoting effects of obesity was due to ASC, ASC were isolated from omental (O-ASC) and subcutaneous adipose (SC-ASC) of mice with and without diet induced obesity. Both O-ASC and SC-ASC from Lean/obese mice expressed same mesenchymal cell surface markers. 106 mouse ovarian cancer cells ID8 were co-injected with equal number of different ASC isolates. ASC from all sources increased the cancer cell proliferation in vitro and increased ovarian cancer cell ID8 survival under the treatment of chemo drug Taxol at different concentrations. There were no significant differences in ASC isolates in migration towards tumor-conditioned media. Tumor growth was accelerated by ASCs, but O-ASC and SC-ASC derived from obese mice more potently promoted tumor progression and produced more ascites. Conclusions: Obesity promotes ovarian tumor progression and this effect is mediated at least in part by adipose stem cells. We propose that obese derived ASCs, especially O-ASC express specific factors that enhance tumor progression, promoting survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Citation Format: Yan Zhang, Travis Solley, Aleksandra Nowicka, Ann Klopp. Obesity promotes growth of ovarian cancer through adipose stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A67.
Firearms and Fatalities-Reply
Authors: Stephen W. Hargarten
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —Dr Blackman suggests that the public health paradigm may not be appropriate for motor vehicle crashes and may not be applicable to firearm injuries. We think the public health paradigm is useful for organizing information and identifying prevention strategies along logical and consistent lines. This epidemiologic triad helps us view deaths and injuries as resulting from interactions of the host, vehicle/ agent, and environment. Deaths and injuries can be reduced by changing the relationship of these factors, and the reduced speed limits and improved emergency medical responses that Blackman mentions are good examples of how changes in the environment affect motor vehicle crash injuries.  Changes in vehicular design, including air bags, seat belts, and crashworthy occupant compartments, and constructive changes in human behavior by reduced drunk driving have further contributed to the reduction in motor vehicle crash deaths and form the second and third parts of the triad.
ON SPECIFIC ANTITOXINS IN STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS
Authors: H. H. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1930)

JOURNALis far fromii true thalt all persoins react to tuberculin.In the-e cases tubercutlin treatment was not iuildecrtakeni.The cases I have recorded above seem to offer-prinia fad(ie evi(leice that there are patienits witlh inflammiiiiatolry tfolll)le in the eves whlo do not benefit by ordiniary- iiethlods of treatment; that mnany of these patients raect to (liagnostic doses of tuberculin; and that treatment with tuberculin produces marked improvement, or even irrest of the troule, in a consider able number of these reacting patienits.Since the uise of tubercuflin, for both diagnosis and treatmient, by the miethods I adc-ocate is (ompletely sinnocuous to the patient, I suibimit that its emiiplovymienit in such cases is aml)ly justified.The satisfac- tion of the patients who hav-e beemi treated at the tuber- cuin dispensary, coupled with the recorded opinions of the oplithalmnic surgeonis uinidei-whose cale tlhev were, enicouri-age inie to suggest that widere trial of these ilietllo(Is shouldl( be miiade in the treatmiient of eve diseases.
Giant Tumoral Calcinosis Demonstrated by Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: R Hardoff, J Rudoy, S Gips, M Leiba, J Ben-Ari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Soft tissue calcification, or tumoral calcinosis, is an increasingly frequent symptomatic complication of uremic osteodystrophy. Hyperphosphatemia, or an increased Ca × P product, which is usually associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, is an important component of this complication. Non-visceral calcifications, periarticular and vascular, are composed mainly of hydroxyapatite crystals, while the visceral calcification—heart, lung and skeletal muscles—are made of amorphous microcrystals of Ca, Mg, and P. Periarticular calcifications are usually painless, but may restrict joint movement due to their size. These lesions may regress with the control of serum phosphorus mainly by parathyroidectomy. The authors present an extremely advanced case of periarticular soft tissue calcification, demonstrated by bone scintigraphy and radiography.
A141: Active Engagement of Teens with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Medical Education: What Do They Think Their Contribution Might Be?
Authors: Marie‐Paule Morin, Rayfel Schneider, Tina Martimianakis, Francois Bowen, Maria Mylopoulos
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose: The unique expertise and contributions to teaching of patients with chronic diseases is increasingly recognized and valued in medical education. Specifically in rheumatology, patient educators (also referred as patients partners) programs have been developed and shown to be effective for MSK exam teaching. To our knowledge, this educational strategy has never been adapted to pediatrics. We believe adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) might benefit from participation in such educational programs. Since little is known about how teens with JIA could actively be engaged in medical education, the main aim of the study was to explore and develop a detailed understanding of their perspective about potential contributions as patient educators. Methods: Using a qualitative approach, nineteen individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with adolescents diagnosed with JIA. A purposeful critical case sampling was realized and participants were recruited at two tertiary pediatric hospitals. Consistent with qualitative research analysis, interviews were conducted until theme saturation. A thematic analysis of the transcripts was achieved using a constant comparative approach. In order to facilitate the data analysis, NVivo qualitative research software was utilized. Results: Motivational factors for teens' involvement and main barriers for engagement in patient partners programs were identified. Beyond teaching components of the pediatric musculoskeletal exam, adolescents brought to light other competencies, such as teaching of communication skills, which they valued as important elements to incorporate in the educational program. They also recognized their unique form of knowledge, referred as experiential knowledge, and expressed how it may complement the trainees' biomedical knowledge. Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis express a strong desire to be engaged as patient educators, manifest a clear understanding of what their potential contributions to the teaching might be and vocalize their desire to share with trainees their unique experiential knowledge. This study represents the first step toward the development of patient‐centered arthritis educational programs actively and effectively involving teens with JIA as teachers in medical education.
Rosiglitazone, a ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, reduces acute pancreatitis induced by cerulein
Authors: Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Barbara Pisano, Laura Dugo, Angela Ianaro, Domenico Britti, Nimesh S. A. Patel, Rosanna Di Paola, Tiziana Genovese, Massimo Di Rosa, Achille P. Caputi, Christoph Thiemermann
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2004)
Plasmodial pigmentation of placenta and outcome of pregnancy in West African mothers.
Authors: M Watkinson, D I Rushton
Journal: BMJ (1983)

In a region where falciparum malaria is endemic and where pregnant women traditionally receive only curative treatment for parasitaemias and no chemoprophylaxis 65 placental biopsy specimens were examined histologically for malaria pigment. Twenty seven placentas had pigment, but parasitaemias had been diagnosed antenatally in only 12 of these women despite their frequent attendance at antenatal and other clinics. The incidence of parasitaemia in pregnant primigravidas was 17.7%, seven times greater than that in lactating primiparous mothers; pregnant primigravidas also had the highest incidence (67%) of pigmented placentas. First born babies with pigmented placentas had a mean (SD) birth weight of 2580 (260) g, significantly less than the 3150 (400) g of unaffected first babies. All babies weighing less than 2500 g at birth had pigmented placentas. Pigmentation was associated with parasitaemias in the second half of pregnancy, and, although some recovery from early parasitaemias may occur, the fetoplacental unit is inadequately protected by curative treatment alone. Chemoprophylaxis currently remains the procedure of choice.
Mortality and risk factors of scleroderma renal crisis: a French retrospective study of 50 patients
Authors: L Teixeira, L Mouthon, A Mahr, A Berezne, C Agard, M Mehrenberger, L-H Noel, P Trolliet, C Frances, J Cabane, L Guillevin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> To describe presentation and outcome of patients with scleroderma renal crisis (SRC). <h3>Methods:</h3> SRC was defined as rapidly progressive oliguric renal insufficiency and/or rapidly progressive arterial hypertension occurring during the course of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Chronic dialysis-free survival was analysed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. The risk for developing SRC associated with corticosteroid (CS) exposure during the preceding 1- or 3-month periods was analysed according to a case–crossover design. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 50 SSc patients aged 53.3 (14.5) (mean (SD)) years were included in the study. SRC occurred between 1979 and 2003, after a mean (SD) disease duration of 27.7 (49.1) months. A total of 43 (86%) patients had diffuse SSc, 5 (10%) had limited cutaneous SSc and 2 (4%) had SSc sine scleroderma. At the time of SRC, 10 (20%) patients were taking angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and mean creatininaemia was 468 (293) μmol/l. A total of 28 (56%) patients required haemodialysis. In all, 11 patients underwent a renal biopsy, all of them had specific vascular lesions of SRC. Multivariate analyses retained age &gt;53 years and normal blood pressure as independent predictors of decreased dialysis-free survival. Exposure to CS prior to SRC was identified in 30 (60%) patients. The odds ratios for developing SRC associated with CS exposure during the preceding 1- or 3-month periods were 24.1 (95% CI 3.0–193.8) and 17.4 (95% CI 2.1–144.0), respectively. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> SRC remains associated with severe morbidity and mortality. CS might increase the risk of developing SRC. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
SUPRARENAL HEMORRHAGE; AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF SUDDEN DEATH.
Authors: J. F. MUNSON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

I am indebted to Dr. B. F. Andrews, interne at the Colony, for the history and clinical notes in the following case: <h3>Patient.</h3> —G. D., male, aged 25, a native of New York and by occupation a farmer, was admitted to the Craig Colony in 1901, at the age of 19 years. <h3>Family History.</h3> —Mother was hysterical both before and after marriage; possibly tuberculous. Father had "fainting spells" between his sixteenth and thirty-fifth years; was subject to rheumatism. Both parents are said, to have been subject to headaches. <h3>Personal History.</h3> —Was a strong healthy baby. "Worm fits" at age of 3 years. Epilepsy said to have begun at the age of 15; history blank states cause to have been worms, but none were seen. Grand mal attacks, both diurnal and nocturnal. It is stated that the right arm is "most frequently involved." When admitted, the patient was feebleminded. No abnormalities
Rom-1 is required for rod photoreceptor viability and the regulation of disk morphogenesis
Authors: Geoff Clarke, Andrew F.X. Goldberg, Danka Vidgen, Leslie Collins, Lynda Ploder, Lois Schwarz, Laurie L. Molday, Janet Rossant, Ágoston Szél, Robert S. Molday, David G. Birch, Roderick R. McInnes
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Opioid-mediated suppression of interferon-gamma production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Authors: P K Peterson, B Sharp, G Gekker, C Brummitt, W F Keane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Mounting evidence suggests that opiate addiction and stress are associated with impaired cell-mediated immunity. We tested the hypothesis that morphine and the endogenous opioid beta-endorphin (beta-END), a pituitary peptide released in increased concentrations during stress, can suppress the production of the key macrophage-activating lymphokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). Using a radioimmunoassay to measure IFN-gamma, we found that exposure of PBMNC to biologically relevant concentrations of both opioids significantly inhibited IFN-gamma generation by cells stimulated with concanavalin A and varicella zoster virus. Studies of the mechanism of suppression revealed (a) a classical opioid receptor is involved (suppression was antagonized by naloxone and was specific for the NH2 terminus of beta-END), (b) monocytes are the primary target cell for opioids (monocyte-depleted lymphocyte preparations showed little suppression), and (c) reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and prostaglandin E2 are important mediators (scavengers of ROI and indomethacin eliminated the suppression). Based on these findings we suggest that opioid-triggered release of inhibitory monocyte metabolites may play a role in the immunodeficiency associated with narcotic addiction and stress.
WMA warns doctors about working in the Emirates as paediatrician is still refused permission to return home
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The World Medical Association (WMA) is warning medical professionals to beware of the risks of working in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where South African doctor Cyril Karabus remains in a legal limbo and unable to leave the country despite having been acquitted of killing a patient he treated years ago.

The 78 year old professor, who has been stuck in the country since his arrest in transit last August, believed his return home was imminent after an expert medical panel cleared him of all wrongdoing and a court dismissed the charges against him last month. But the prosecution has since appealed, and a hearing on 9 April that the paediatric oncologist hoped would finally ensure …
Exacerbation of vasotonic angina pectoris by propranolol.
Authors: R M Robertson, A J Wood, W K Vaughn, D Robertson
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Using a double-blind protocol, we investigated the use of propranolol in patients with coronary artery spasm as assessed by subjective and objective variables. Both low-dose (40 mg every 6 hours) and high-dose (160 mg every 6 hours) propranolol were administered. At both doses, the duration of angina attacks was significantly prolonged but the frequency was not. We conclude that propranolol at doses up to 160 mg every 6 hours as single therapy is frequently detrimental in angina pectoris due to coronary artery spasm and should not be used as the sole treatment of this disorder.
Effect of a Health Maintenance Organization on Physiologic Health
Authors: ELIZABETH M. SLOSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

In a previous comparison of persons between 14 and 62 years of age randomly assigned to receive care through a fee-for-service system (n = 784) or through a health maintenance organization (HMO) (n = 738) in Seattle, Washington, persons in the HMO had much lower hospital expenditures and admissions, more bed days, a higher prevalence of serious symptoms, and less satisfaction with care. We report an examination of 20 additional health status measures. Our results are consistent with a hypothesis of no differences in health status measures between the two systems. In addition, a comparison of nine health practices between the systems also indicated no overall differences. Most physiologic measures and health practices for a typical person were not affected by care received through the fee-for-service system or the HMO. However, we are less certain of this result in specific subgroups, such as persons of lower income initially at elevated risk, because confidence intervals are necessarily wider. We conclude that the cost savings achieved by this HMO through lower hospitalization rates were not reflected in lower levels of health status.
Osteomyelitis in Heroin Addicts
Authors: ROBERT S. HOLZMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Four heroin addicts developed hematogenous osteomyelitis with indolent courses. In three, characteristic X-ray changes evolved during their hospital stays. Only one had a positive blood culture. The infecting organisms were not characteristic of those found in spontaneously occurring hematogenous osteomyelitis but rather reflected the spectrum of pathogens that infect those addicted to narcotics: staphylococci, Gram-negative rods, and yeasts. In such patients early surgical exploration is necessary to establish an accurate bacteriologic diagnosis.
Training Doctors to Care for Old People
Authors: PAUL B. BEESON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Editorials1 February 1979Training Doctors to Care for Old PeoplePAUL B. BEESON, M.D.PAUL B. BEESON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-2-262 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHaving spent most of my professional life in medical education, I was disturbed by what I found while serving during 1978 on a committee formed to take a close look at how well the medical problems of the aged are being dealt with in our training systems today. The committee had been organized by the Institute of Medicine at the request of the Director of the National Institute of Aging and contained representatives of various fields, including psychiatry, surgery, nursing, rehabilitation, sociology, family practice, internal medicine, and certain medical organizations. Information was sought from medical schools and specialty societies, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMedical Schools and Home CareFrom Nascher to Now Seventy-Five Years of United States GeriatricsRehabilitation Management of Homebound Elderly with Locomotor DisabilityTHE TEACHING NURSING HOME AS AN ACADEMIC PROGRAMPerspectives on a Geriatric Fellowship: A Personal AccountVA STUDY: Training the Geriatric NurseTeaching Nursing Homes: Their Impact on Public Policy, Patient Care, and Medical EducationEthical Issues in the Care of the Patient Involved in Alzheimer’s Disease ResearchInterdisciplinary Training for Medical and Nursing Students: Learning to Collaborate in the Care of Geriatric PatientsTeaching Gerontology in AustraliaGeriatric Medicine: A Statement from the Federated Council for Internal MedicineGeriatrics and Internal MedicineROBERT N. BUTLER, M.D.Geriatrics in Internal MedicineDENNIS E. HYAMS, M.B.Geriatric MedicineTAMARA HARRIS, M.D. 1 February 1979Volume 90, Issue 2Page: 262-263KeywordsAgingMedical educationMedical sociologyRehabilitation medicineSurgery Issue Published: 1 February 1979 Copyright & Permissions©1979 American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
31 LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LT) FOR PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS (AC) WITH PROVEN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ON THE DAY OF THE TRANSPLANT PROCEDURE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: R. Altwegg, C. Vanlemmens, P.-H. Bernard, S. Dharancy, P. Wolf, J. Dumortier, S. Radenne, O. Chazouillères, J.-L. Faillie, F. Navarro, G.-P. Pageaux
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)