tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Myeloma in a Young Woman
Authors: Virginia Clough, I. W. Delamore, J. A. Whittaker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments1 January 1977Multiple Myeloma in a Young WomanVIRGINIA CLOUGH, M.B., M.R.C.P., I. W. DELAMORE, PH.D., F.R.C.P., J. A. WHITTAKER, M.D., M.R.C.P.VIRGINIA CLOUGH, M.B., M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, I. W. DELAMORE, PH.D., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. A. WHITTAKER, M.D., M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-1-117_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Multiple myeloma is extremely rare below the age of 25 years. In a recent report (1) Hewell and Alexanian described three young men with plasmacytomas and clinically indolent disease. In contrast, we report here a young female patient with a highly malignant form of myeloma.A 24-year-old woman presented in renal failure in April 1975. Physical findings were limited to pallor and ecchymoses. Haemoglobin level was 6.4 g/dl; leukocyte count, 21.2 X 109/litre; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 140 mm/h. Peripheral blood films showed a leukoerythroblastic condition, with 2% atypical plasma cells. Immunoelectrophoresis showed an IgG-lambda paraprotein (30...References1. HEWELLALEXANIAN GR: Multiple myeloma in young persons. Ann Intern Med 84:441-443, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. HOBBS J: Growth rates and responses to treatment in human myelomatosis. Br J Haematol 16:607, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SALMON S: Immunoglobulin synthesis and tumour kinetics of multiple myeloma. Semin Haematol 10:135-147, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. LAIRD A: Dynamics of tumour growth. Br J Cancer 18:490, 1964 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNon secretory myeloma in young man mimicking the Gorham disease: case report and the literature reviewPlasma Cell Myeloma in Children and Young Adults: A Report of 4 Cases From a Single Institution and a Review of the LiteratureTreatment patterns and outcomes in elderly patients with multiple myelomaA rare and unique case of aggressive IgE-λ plasma cell myeloma in a 28-year-old woman presented initially as an orbital massThe adverse prognostic impact of advanced age in multiple myelomaMultiple Myeloma in Young Patients: Clinical Presentation and Treatment ApproachPlasma cell myeloma in unusually young patients: a report of two cases and review of the literatureComputed Tomography Assessment of Paraorbital PathologyTreatment of multiple myelomaMultiple myeloma in young men clinical course and electron microscopic studies of bone marrow plasma cells 1 January 1977Volume 86, Issue 1Page: 117-118KeywordsBlood cellsBlood plasmaErythrocyte sedimentation rateHemoglobinImmunoelectrophoresisMultiple myelomaMyelomaPlasma cellsRenal failure Issue Published: 1 January 1977 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Treatment of Abscess in the Hand
Authors: W. F. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1861)

TRASACTIONS OP BRAoHES rB"ua mmMap Jouxsu.rectum, runningalong the upper surface of the bowel.The boy was then put under the influence of chloroform, to allow of a inore thlorough examiination being made.Witlh one hand placed over the pubes, wllilst the leg was rotated, a distinct crepitus was detected.Auiotlier at- tempt was made to pass the catheter; andl, after some difficulty, Mr. Lawsoni succeeded in putting a silver oine into the bladdelr, whichl ho fastened in by tapes.Juily '26.He was doing well.A gum-clastic catheter was passed to-day, as thie lad had drawn the silver one out in the night.Thte bladder was qtuite paralysed, and tile uirine would oinly flow tliroughi the catlheter, when pressure withi the handl was alplied above the pubes.On this accotint, a long ltidia-rubber tube was couitiected with the end of tile cathieter, and cairied over tiie side of tbe bed into a chamber-pot, so as to form a siphon and thus keep the biladder empty.Fromii this time, the boy pro-ressed uuinter-uptedly towardls recovery, and was dischlarged from tlle hospital on August 20tlh to attend as an out-patient He was able to walk about, and had comnplete command over his bladder.
Treatment without long courses of systemic antibiotics
Authors: D. Harvey, R. Townsend, R. Kerry, I. Stockley
Journal: BMJ (2009)

We manage prosthetic joint infection without systemic antibiotics or prolonged hospital admission (or intravenous antibiotics via outpatient intravenous services).1 We target antibiotic treatment to organisms isolated from either a diagnostic aspirate or joint washout (in the case of early infection). At the …
Unsuspected pulmonary embolism on CT scanning: yet another headache for clinicians?
Authors: S. R Desai
Journal: Thorax (2007)

Arguments for and against treatment of small unsuspected pulmonary emboli

Clinicians have long known that the symptoms and signs of pulmonary embolism are non-specific and that, unless the index of suspicion is reasonably high, the diagnosis is frequently overlooked. Against this background, clinically unsuspected pulmonary emboli are increasingly being spotted by radiologists on CT scans. Clinicians not only need to be aware of this, but also need to know how to deal with such serendipity. The quality of CT examinations has improved unimaginably; image acquisition, particularly with the new generations of multidetector CT (MDCT) machines, is now astonishingly fast and access to CT scanning has increased. The entire thorax can now be covered in a single breath-hold, and image degradation due to respiratory and cardiac motion is no longer a major issue. Furthermore, because of narrow collimation, images with exquisite spatial resolution are almost the norm and visualisation of opacified peripheral pulmonary arteries (down to fifth order branches) is now possible.1,2

The detection of unsuspected pulmonary emboli by CT scanning has been the subject of a number of previous reports.3–8 The prevalence of incidental emboli in these studies has varied from 0.6% to 5% and has depended to a large degree on the tests used for detection (single-slice CT vs MDCT vs echocardiography), the manner in which images were reviewed (hard copy vs workstation analysis) and the demographics of the study population (cancer vs non-cancer or inpatient vs outpatient).3–9

In the current issue of Thorax ( see p 536 ), another study documents the prevalence of incidental pulmonary emboli in consecutive inpatients undergoing MDCT scanning.10 Most patients were imaged on a 16-channel CT machine and, following the routine report, all studies were reviewed by an experienced thoracic radiologist unaware of the original findings. In nine …
Comparison of cervical magnetic and transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation before and after threshold loading.
Authors: M J Mador, A Rodis, U J Magalang, K Ameen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Brief supramaximal stimulation of the phrenic nerves (twitch) is considered a promising technique to detect diaphragmatic fatigue in humans. However, the most commonly employed methodology (transcutaneous stimulation) is technically difficult. Cervical magnetic stimulation is a recently described technique that is potentially simpler and may obviate some of the problems inherent with transcutaneous stimulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of cervical magnetic stimulation to evaluate diaphragmatic function. Accordingly, we measured transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) during transcutaneous and cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves before and after a potentially fatiguing task; inspiratory threshold loading to task failure. During threshold loading, subjects generated approximately 60% of their maximal esophageal pressure with each breath until they could no longer reach the target pressure. At least 10 twitches were obtained during both transcutaneous and magnetic stimulation before and 10, 30, 60, and 120 min after threshold loading. Control twitch Pdi was significantly larger during magnetic stimulation compared with transcutaneous stimulation: 39.3 +/- 3.0 (mean +/- SE) versus 27.4 +/- 2.3 cm H2O, p < 0.0005. This increase in twitch Pdi was solely due to the esophageal component. Following threshold loading, a significant reduction in transcutaneous twitch Pdi was seen in only three of the 10 subjects. Mean transcutaneous twitch Pdi fell only slightly from 27.4 +/- 2.3 during control to 25.1 +/- 2.2 cm H2O at 10 min after loading (p < 0.004). In contrast, magnetic twitch Pdi was significantly reduced in nine of the 10 subjects following threshold loading. Mean magnetic twitch Pdi fell from 39.3 +/- 3.0 during control to 31.1 +/- 3.0 cm H2O at 10 min after loading (p < 0.0001). The average fall in twitch Pdi post-loading (expressed as a percentage of the control value) was significantly greater for magnetic stimulation compared with transcutaneous stimulation: 21.0 +/- 3.1 versus 7.8 +/- 2.9%, p < 0.0001. In summary: (1) in the fresh state, twitch Pdi is larger with magnetic stimulation compared with transcutaneous stimulation, and (2) transcutaneous and cervical magnetic twitch Pdi are affected differently by threshold loading to task failure.
Helicobacter pylori eradication and reinfection
Authors: G.D. Bell, K.U. Powell, Vincenzo Savarino, Giuseppe Sandro Mela, Sergio Vigneri, Guido Celle, G. Treiber, O. Klotz, F. Gomollón, E. Bajador, Wink de Boer, Sint Anna Ziekenhuis, Guido Tytgat
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Development of Cellular Immune Responses against PAX5, a Novel Target for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Mengyong Yan, Nourredine Himoudi, Martin Pule, Neil Sebire, Edmund Poon, Allison Blair, Owen Williams, John Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract PAX5 is a member of the PAX family of developmental transcription factors with an important role in B-cell development. Its expression in normal adult tissue is limited to the hemopoietic system, but it is aberrantly expressed in a number of solid cancers and leukemias where it functions as an oncogene. We therefore hypothesized that anti-PAX5 immune responses could be used to target a number of malignancies without significant toxicity. We screened PAX5 peptides for the ability to bind HLA-A2 and identified a novel sequence, TLPGYPPHV (referred to as TLP). CTL lines against TLP were generated from peripheral blood of five normal HLA-A2–positive blood donors and showed specific HLA-A2–restricted killing against PAX5-expressing target cells. We generated high-avidity CTL clones from these lines capable of killing cells pulsed with &amp;lt;1 nmol/L of TLP and killing a range of PAX5-expressing malignant cell lines. I.v. injection of an anti-PAX5 CTL clone into immunodeficient mice bearing s.c. human tumors resulted in specific growth inhibition of PAX5-expressing tumors. This knowledge can be used for the therapeutic generation of CTL lines or the cloning of high-avidity T-cell receptor genes for use in adoptive immunotherapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(19):8058–65]
CEREBRAL METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION
Authors: HAROLD E. HIMWICH, D. EWEN CAMERON, EDMUND HOMBURGER, FRED FELDMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

Cerebral arteriovenous oxygen differences were determined in 33 patients with depressive psychoses. The average value, 6.5 volumes percent, was within the normal limits. Since there appears to be no change in cerebral blood flow, brain metabolism is probably normal in these patients. Cerebral arteriovenous oxygen differences were not changed significantly as a result of electroshock therapy in 13 patients.
Biochemical Aspects of Immune Complex Formation and Immune Complex Diseases
Authors: Jens Steensgaard, Anders S. Johansen
Journal: Allergy (1980)

Formation of immune complexes is a normal part of the immune defence against soluble antigens. Immune complexes may nevertheless play a pathogenic role of their own. The present review discusses antigen antibody interactions with special regard to immune complex formation. A new classification of antigen antibody interactions is proposed, based on the antigenic valence. Oligovalent antigens and bivalent antibodies form genuine immune complexes. Experimental observations and theoretical considerations indicate that although a vast variety of complexes is possible genuine immune complex formation is a self-limiting process, so it is typical that the smallest possible complexes are formed in the largest amounts. Formation of immune complexes differs in mechanism from most other biological ligand binding reactions, and the extent to which immune complex formation follows its own laws is discussed. To explain the mechanism of precipitin reactions, a two-stage model is proposed. The outcome of antigen antibody interactions is further complicated because antibody preparations are typically heterogeneous, and the impact of antibody heterogeneity is also discussed.
Histopathology of Diarthrodial Joints in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: B. Cruickshank
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

The literature on the pathology of ankylosing spondylitis contains only three articles in which the histopathology of diarthrodial joints is described (Guntz, 1933;Freund, 1942;Collins, 1949).Furthermore, these papers are concerned mainly with pathologically late and clinically inactive stages of the disease and have few illustrations.Despite the lack of adequate pathological study, it is widely- held that ankylosing spondylitis is a variant of rheumatoid arthritis, rather than a separate disease.The objects of this paper are therefore:(a) to describe and illustrate in detail the histopathology of the diarthrodial joints in ankylosing spondylitis, particularly in clinically active cases, (b) to discuss the relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and rheuma- toid arthritis as they affect this type of joint. MaterialTissue was obtained from twelve cases of ankylosing spondylitis.Three examples were from post-mortem studies, and the other nine were obtained at operation.The first post-mortem case was exceptional in being clinically active at the time of death and in the number of joints involved.Practically every joint in the body was affected, most of them showing some degree of ankylosis.This case was extensively studied and histological examination included several blocks from the right knee, one from all joints of the first right toe and the right medial cuneiform-first metatarsal joint, several from each sacro-iliac joint, one from each sterno-clavicular joint, one from each of several costo-sternal joints, and several from the manubrio-sternal joint.The spinal column from the ninth thoracic to the third sacral vertebrae was removed at autopsy and blocks were taken from many intervertebral joints, intervertebral disks and the left tenth costo-vertebral joint.Many of the illustrations are taken from this case (Figs 8, 10-14, 16, 18).Only axial joints were involved in the second post-mortem case; the spinal column from T3 to L4, the sternal joints, and the symphysis pubis were examined in detail.The third post-mortem case was that already reported by Freund (1942), many sections from the lumbar vertebrae being available.The operation material was obtained from the hips of six patients, and from the sternoclavicular, sacro-iliac, and knee joints in one case each.The material from the hips, which consisted of the head of the femur, soft tissue, and acetabular tissue, was taken from both hips in three cases and from one hip only in the other three.This material was compared with tissue from joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths from 42 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 42 of other rheumatic diseases (including rheumatic fever, osteo-arthritis, gout, systemic lupus erythematosus, and polyarteritis 393 2
Influence of human leucocyte antigen-DRB1 on the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and on the production of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in a Portuguese population
Authors: D Ligeiro, J E Fonseca, O Abade, I Abreu, M Cruz, P Nero, J Cavaleiro, J Teles, H Trindade, J M Caetano, J Branco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

To clarify the influence of the HLA-DRB1 locus on the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and the production of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) in a Portuguese population.141 patients with rheumatoid arthritis fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology 1987 revised criteria for rheumatoid arthritis were compared with 150 healthy controls. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 locus genotyping was assessed by polymerase chain reaction reverse probing assays and sequence-specific primers. Anti-CCP antibodies were quantified by ELISA in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Frequencies between groups were compared by the two-sided Fisher's exact test and considered significant if p<0.05.The HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DRB1*10 groups were highly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (p<0.001 and p = 0.031, respectively). High titres of anti-CCP antibodies were largely associated with the presence of HLA-DRB1*04/10.The well-recognised susceptibility alleles to rheumatoid arthritis, HLA-DRB1*04, were associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Portuguese patients. The relatively rare DRB1*10 was also associated with rheumatoid arthritis, as was described previously in other southern European countries. Both groups were associated with high anti-CCP titres, reinforcing its relevance to disease onset.
Relation between birth weight at term and systolic blood pressure in adolescence
Authors: J W A Matthes, P A Lewis, D P Davies, J A Bethel
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To examine whether birth weight is related to systolic blood pressure during adolescence. <b>Design</b> : Retrospective (comparative) cohort study. The observers who traced and studied the subjects were unaware of their case-control status. <b>Subjects</b> : 330 subjects were born in Cardiff in 1975-7. Cases who were low birth weight at term (&lt;2500 g) were matched with controls of normal birth weight (3000-3800 g) at term. <b>Main outcome measures</b> : Systolic blood pressure measured by random zero sphygmomanometry in the subject9s right arm with the subject supine, corrected for size and age. <b>Results</b> : The mean age at examination was 15.7 years. The mean systolic blood pressure of the cases was 105.8mm Hg and of the controls 107.5 mm Hg. The corrected difference (95% confidence interval) in systolic blood pressure between the cases and controls was 1 mm Hg (−3 to +1 mm Hg; two tailed probability 0.33). <b>Conclusion</b> : Systolic blood pressure in adolescents of low birth weight is not significantly different from that of adolescents of normal birth weights.
Are there sensitive subgroups for the effects of airborne particles?
Authors: A Zanobetti, J Schwartz, D Gold
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Recent studies have shown that particulate air pollution is a risk factor for hospitalization for heart and lung disease; however, little is known about what subpopulations are most sensitive to this pollutant. We analyzed Medicare hospital admissions for heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD) and pneumonia in Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, between 1985 and 1994. We examined whether previous admissions or secondary diagnoses for selected conditions predisposed persons to having a greater risk from air pollution. We also considered effect modification by age, sex, and race. We found that the air-pollution-associated increase in hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases was almost doubled in subjects with concurrent respiratory infections. The risk was also increased by a previous admission for conduction disorders. For COPD and pneumonia admissions, diagnosis of conduction disorders or dysrhythmias increased the risk of particulate matter &lt; 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10))-associated admissions. Persons with asthma had twice the risk of a PM(10)-associated pneumonia admission and persons with heart failure had twice the risk of PM(10)-induced COPD admissions. The PM(10) effect did not vary by sex, age, and race. These results suggest that patients with acute respiratory infections or defects in the electrical control of the heart are a risk group for particulate matter effects.
<i>Des Tics en Général.</i>Presented by M. Le Dr. E. Noguès, of Toulouse, at the twelfth session of the Congrés des Médecins Aliénistes et Neurologistes, Grenoble, August, 1902
Authors: W. McD.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1903)

the fact that every patient with acute insanity is a potential suicide and a caution to neurologists to have a care in recommending their patients to travel, as they are " particularly fond " of doing.The author is at his best in discussing the causes of insanity.Starting with the postulate that "Whenever a mechanism fails to perform the duty demanded of it, the reason must be either that the work is too heavy for the mechanism or that the mechanism is not strong enough for the work,"
Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Sherine E. Gabriel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 May 1996Giant Cell ArteritisSherine E. Gabriel, MD, MSc and Gene G. Hunder, MDSherine E. Gabriel, MD, MScMayo Clinic; Rochester, MN 55905Search for more papers by this author and Gene G. Hunder, MDMayo Clinic; Rochester, MN 55905Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Fest and colleagues for their comments on our recently published article [1]. Although we agree that their data do not prove a causal association between cytomegalovirus and giant cell arteritis, we are pleased that our paper, which suggested the provocative hypothesis that giant cell arteritis may have an infectious cause, has sparked renewed interest in research into the cause of this condition.REFERENCE1. Salvarani C, Gabriel SE, O'Fallon WM, Hunder GG. The incidence of giant cell arteritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota: apparent fluctuations in a cyclic pattern. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:192-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Sherine E. Gabriel, MD, MSc; Gene G. Hunder, MDAffiliations: Mayo Clinic; Rochester, MN 55905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10Page: 928KeywordsCytomegalovirus infectionGiant cells ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Human cytomegalovirus microRNA miR-US4-1 inhibits CD8+ T cell responses by targeting the aminopeptidase ERAP1
Authors: Sungchul Kim, Sanghyun Lee, Jinwook Shin, Youngkyun Kim, Irini Evnouchidou, Donghyun Kim, Young-Kook Kim, Young-Eui Kim, Jin-Hyun Ahn, Stanley R Riddell, Efstratios Stratikos, V Narry Kim, Kwangseog Ahn
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)