tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sports medicine for specific ages and abilities.
Authors: Peter Brukner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

I was excited when I saw this book as the five authors are all well known to me as prominent in their respective fields. Nicola Maffulli of Stoke on Trent via Aberdeen and Hong Kong is an orthopaedic surgeon with a special interest in children's injuries, Kai Ming Chan from Hong Kong is a widely published orthopaedic surgeon, Rose McDonald has been prominent in sports physiotherapy in the United Kingdom for many years, Bob Malina from Michigan State University is one of the foremost experts in children's growth, and Tony Parker has been a leading FIMS official for many years.

Their stated aim is “to address in one volume the …
Letter: New-product pruritus.
Authors: M J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1976)

hours after dosing, by 7-16",, 16 hours after dosing, and by 8-13",, 24 hours after dosing.Thus once-daily therapy with sotalol has a 24-hour effect in reducing blood pressure.(2) The dose of sotalol eventually required was related to the initial diastolic blood pressure.(3) In at least one patient there appeared to be a correlation between standing diastolic pressure, heart rate, and sotalol dosage.
Disulfide-linked gamma delta T cell antigen receptors expressed on T cells derived from patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders.
Authors: H Seki, M Nanno, N K Day, R A Good, C D Platsoucas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

T cell lines or clones from two patients, one with a partial DiGeorge syndrome and one with severe common variable immunodeficiency expressed disulfide-linked gamma delta T cell antigen receptor (TCR) comprised of a gamma-chain polypeptide of 40-43 kD, and a delta-chain polypeptide of 37-40 kD. This gamma delta TCR appears to be similar to that found on T cell clones, and lines derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors. Previous studies have shown that T cell lines derived from the peripheral blood of patients with immunodeficiency disorders express non-disulfide-linked gamma delta TCR. In contrast to the latter and coincident with findings in the present study, the vast majority of T cell lines and clones derived from the peripheral blood of normal donors express disulfide-linked gamma delta TCR.
Risks and benefits of prophylactic antimalarial drugs.
Authors: R. Mallett, R. Pye
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Although there are published references on the effects of Gelofusine on renal function, not one was cited.Had the authors so chosen they could have discussed the evidence that operations on the aorta are associated with the development of acute renal failure'; that the fall in urine output was noted before the Gelofusine was infused (and therefore a cause preceding Gelofusine administration re- quired exclusion); and the longstanding belief that, rather than being nephrotoxic,4 the gelatins
Abstract 1018: Regulation of STAT3 by PPARdelta in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chang Han, Shuo Huang, Tong Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta) is a nuclear transcription factor that is recently implicated in tumorigenesis. Previous studies from our lab have shown that PPARdelta activation increases the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines (Hep 3B, Huh7 and HepG2). The current study was designed to investigate the relationship between PPARdelta activation and STAT3 signaling pathway in human HCC cells. Our data showed that PPARdelta overexpression or activation by its pharmacological ligand (GW501516) significantly increased STAT3-mediated transcriptional activity in Hep3B cells, as determined by luciferease reporter activity assay; this effect is dose-dependent (p&amp;lt;0.01). In contrast, depletion of PPARdelta by its siRNA in Hep3B cells significantly reduced GW501516-induced STAT3 transcriptional activity. PPARdelta overexpression or GW501516 treatment increased the expression of STAT3 protein and induced the translocation of STAT3 from cytosol to nuclei in Hep3B cells. Additionally, PPARdelta overexpression or GW501516 treatment also increased the binding of PPARdelta to STAT3-responsive element through the release of transcriptional repressor Bcl-6. Moreover, overexpression of PPARdelta upregulated the expression of several STAT3 downstream anti-apoptotic molecules including Mcl-1, Suvivin and Bcl-XL. These findings reveal a cross-talk between PPARdelta and STAT3 signaling pathway for human HCC cell growth and such an interaction may play important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1018. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1018
Identification of a novel chromosome region, 13q21.33-q22.2, for susceptibility genes in familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: David Ng, Ousmane Toure, Ming-Hui Wei, Diane C. Arthur, Fatima Abbasi, Laura Fontaine, Gerald E. Marti, Joseph F. Fraumeni, Lynn R. Goldin, Neil Caporaso, Jorge R. Toro
Journal: Blood (2006)
The Past, Present, and Future of Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Phil R. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Changes in continuing medical education (CME) during the past three decades have been controversial and complex. A 1950s-style, small-scale, voluntary activity has evolved, in 1987, into broad-scale programs with accredited sponsors and with ties to relicensure. Within the next three decades, CME will be directed by methods chosen by specialty boards for recertification and by exploitation of computer and telecommunication technology. Written recertification examinations can waste physicians' time studying material that will not improve care of their patients. We hope improved methods of analysis of individual practices, on-the-spot access to pertinent medical information, and better communication among physicians can be incorporated into recertification procedures. Policies established now will shape CME for decades to come. We encourage a coordinated effort by medical specialty boards, medical societies, hospitals, medical schools, computer corporations, telecommunication firms, granting agencies, and the National Library of Medicine to ensure the most effective and efficient recertification and CME policies.
Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging System for On-Site Assessment of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Authors: Katsuhisa Waseda, Junya Ako, Takao Hasegawa, Yoshihisa Shimada, Fumiaki Ikeno, Toshihiro Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Demura, Kazuyoshi Hatada, Paul G. Yock, Yasuhiro Honda, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Masao Takahashi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Biosensor Zebrafish Provide New Insights into Potential Health Effects of Environmental Estrogens
Authors: Okhyun Lee, Aya Takesono, Masazumi Tada, Charles R. Tyler, Tetsuhiro Kudoh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Environmental estrogens alter hormone signaling in the body that can induce reproductive abnormalities in both humans and wildlife. Available testing systems for estrogens are focused on specific systems such as reproduction. Crucially, however, the potential for significant health impacts of environmental estrogen exposures on a variety of body systems may have been overlooked.Our aim was to develop and apply a sensitive transgenic zebrafish model to assess real-time effects of environmental estrogens on signaling mechanisms in a whole body system for use in integrated health assessments.We created a novel transgenic biosensor zebrafish containing an estrogen-inducible promoter derived with multiple tandem estrogen responsive elements (EREs) and a Gal4ff-UAS system for enhanced response sensitivity.Using our novel estrogen-responsive transgenic (TG) zebrafish, we identified target tissues for environmental estrogens; these tissues have very high sensitivity even at environmentally relevant concentrations. Exposure of the TG fish to estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) induced specific expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in a wide variety of tissues including the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, otic vesicle, forebrain, lateral line, and ganglions, most of which have not been established previously as targets for estrogens in fish. Furthermore, we found that different EDCs induced GFP expression with different tissue response patterns and time trajectories, suggesting different potential health effects.We have developed a powerful new model for understanding toxicological effects, mechanisms, and health impacts of environmental estrogens in vertebrates.
ABC of sexually transmitted diseases. Genital infestations.
Authors: M W Adler
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Pediculosis pubisInfection is caused by the pubic louse, Phthirus pubis, which is a different species from that causing head and body louse infestation (pediculosis capitis and corporis).The insect is small and round (1-2 mm long) and has three sets of legs.The adult adheres not only to pubic hair but also to other hairy areas (perineum, thighs, abdomen, axillas, eyebrows, and eyelashes) and is a blood sucker.The female lays eggs (nits) at the base of hairs and these usually hatch within seven days.The adult louse is transferred from person to person during close bodily contact.Since lice do not leave the host the condition is not spread by wearing or sleeping in infested clothing or sheets.The patient may complain of irritation.Sometimes the condition is asymptomatic and the patient may be horrified to find the adult louse or nits on the body.
Surgical management of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: W B Ricks, R A Winkle, N E Shumway, D C Harrison
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Twenty-one patients with coronary artery disease and severe, symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias underwent cardiac surgery after failure of medical managememt. All had coronary artery disease and either localized areas of severe hypokinesis (three patients), or ventricular aneurysms (18 patients) documented angiographically prior to surgery. Operation within one month after acute infarction resulted in an 80% in-hospital mortality, whereas operation more than one month postinfarction showed a 20% mortality. Operative treatment that included myocardial resection had a significantly lower mortality (P less than 0.05) than that which did not. With an average of 36.5 months of follow-up, 13 of the 21 patients were long-term survivors, despite the persistence of ventricular arrhythmias. Surgical treatment which includes myocardial resection and occurs more than one month after infarction should be considered in patients with symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias and severe, well-localized left ventricular wall motion abnormalities.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CARCINOMA OF THE BRONCHI AND LUNGS
Authors: William Francis Rienhoff, Edwin Nash Broyles
Journal: JAMA (1934)

In the treatment of malignant tumors of the lung and bronchi the same fundamental principles should be observed that are followed in the management of such tumors elsewhere in the body; namely, the removal of the entire organ and involved lymph glands when that is possible. Whenever feasible, this policy has been carried out regarding other organs and structures, following the advance in surgical views and technic. Total ablation by almost standardized operative methods has been developed for the breast, rectum and thyroid, to mention only a few, and is today a recognized procedure the world over. Partial removal of a breast for carcinoma would today be an unheard of procedure; in the instance of the lung, because of its unique anatomic structure, to be referred to later, a removal of the entire organ rather than a portion of it seems to be still more a requisite demand. Another point
Spontaneous Human Erythrocyte Rosette
Authors: G Lambertenghi-Deliliers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Spontaneous Human Erythrocyte Rosette. This scanning electron micrograph of a peripheral-blood lymphocyte from a patient with chronic T-cell lymphocytic leukemia shows red cells attached to the surface of the lymphocyte, forming a spontaneous rosette (x9800). Formation of such rosettes does not occur with normal T cells, but appears to be a property of an abnormal T-cell subpopulation.
Alveolar fluid neutrophil elastase activity in the adult respiratory distress syndrome is complexed to alpha-2-macroglobulin.
Authors: M D Wewers, D J Herzyk, J E Gadek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

We characterized the elastase and antielastase activity of the alveolar fluid of seven patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and thirteen normal volunteers. Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) concentrations were 60-fold higher in ARDS as compared to normal lavage fluid (2,140 +/- 498 nM; 36.1 +/- 4.2 nM, respectively). ARDS fluid antineutrophil elastase activity was also considerably higher than that of normals (979 +/- 204 nM; 31.3 +/- 2.9 nM, respectively). Despite the antineutrophil elastase excess, 5 of 7 ARDS lavage samples contained elastase activity (mean, 6.1 +/- 2.4 pM) as assayed using low-molecular-mass substrate, while only 1 of 13 normal subjects had detectable elastase activity (0.2 pM) (P less than 0.01, compared with ARDS). That this activity was due to alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2MG)-complexed neutrophil elastase was evidenced by (a) the Sephadex G-75 elution profile; (b) the inactivity against insoluble [3H]elastin; (c) the inhibitory profile with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, methoxy-succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-valyl-chloromethylketone, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and A1AT; and (d) the immobilization by A2MG antibody bound to polystyrene plates. Furthermore, in agreement with the predicted affinity of A1AT and A2MG for neutrophil elastase, the ratio of A2MG to A1AT in the fluid (0.57%) coincided with the ratio of the A2MG- to A1AT-complexed elastase (0.36%). These findings suggest that the net lung protease-antiprotease balance in ARDS is shifted largely in favor of the antiproteases (chiefly A1AT), and that the antiproteases, A1AT and A2MG, have similar affinities for neutrophil elastase in vivo.
Is It Time to Include Lipoprotein Analysis in Cholesterol Screening?
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

DO CHOLESTEROL screening tests that do not include lipoprotein analysis provide an accurate assessment of risk of coronary heart disease? Quite often they do not, according to the results of two recently reported studies. <h3>HDL-C An Independent Risk Factor?</h3> The results of the larger factor of the two, conducted by the Framingham (Mass) Study Group (<i>Arteriosclerosis</i>1988;8:207-211), indicate that when an overall serum cholesterol reading is the only parameter used to determine risk of coronary heart disease a significant number of high-risk patients may go undetected. The reason, says Framingham's chief investigator, William Castelli, MD, is that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is emerging as an independent risk factor. From 1969 to 1971, the Framingham group determined fasting levels of HDL-C in 1007 men and 1418 women aged 50 to 79 years, all of whom were free of coronary heart disease. They followed up the group for 12 years after measurement
Systolic time intervals in adolescents. Normal standards for clinical use and comparison with children and adults.
Authors: K L Wanderman, Z Hayek, I Ovsyshcher, G Loutaty, A Cantor, Y Gussarsky, M Gueron
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Systolic time intervals were measured in 147 healthy 13-19-year-old adolescents to derive regression equations for clinical use in this age group and to determine to what extent they differ from those of children and adults. Stepwise regression analysis showed that heart rate was the only variable consistently and significantly related to electromechanical systole (QS2), left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and preejection period (PEP). None of the other variables tested (age, height, weight, body surface area, blood pressure, hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum electrolytes), when used alone, were relevant variables in relation to QS2, LVET or PEP. The PEP/LVET ratio in adolescents was essentially independent of heart rate, as in children and adults. The regression lines for QS2, LVET and PEP in adolescents fall between those for children and adults, indicating that there is a distinct tendency toward lengthening of all the systolic time intervals with age, independent of changes in heart rate. The PEP lengthens proportionately more than the LVET, resulting in a progressive increase in the mean PEP/LVET ratio from childhood (0.30) to adolescence (0.32) and to adulthood (0.345). The precise hemodynamic factors underlying these changes with increasing age remain to be determined.
Current Diagnosis &amp;amp; Treatment: Critical Care
Authors: Eric H. Chanko
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of Orlistat in the Treatment of Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 1-year randomized double-blind study
Authors: Priscilla A Hollander, Steven C Elbein, Irl B Hirsch, David Kelley, Janet McGill, Terry Taylor, Stuart R Weiss, Samuel E Crockett, Roy A Kaplan, John Comstock, Charles P Lucas, Peter A Lodewick, William Canovatchel, Jain Chung, Jonathan Hauptman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE Obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with improved glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular disease risk factors, but weight loss is notably difficult to achieve and sustain with caloric restriction and exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of treatment with orlistat, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor, on weight loss, glycemic control, and serum lipid levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes on sulfonylurea medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a multicenter 57-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, 120 mg orlistat or placebo was administered orally three times a day with a mildly hypocaloric diet to 391 obese men and women with type 2 diabetes who were aged &amp;gt; 18 years, had a BMI of 28–40 kg/m2, and were clinically stable on oral sulfonylureas. Changes in body weight, glycemic control, lipid levels, and drug tolerability were measured. RESULTS After 1 year of treatment, the orlistat group lost 6.2 ± 0.45% (mean ± SEM) of initial body weight vs. 4.3 ± 0.49% in the placebo group (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Twice as many patients receiving orlistat (49 vs. 23%) lost ≥ 5% of initial body weight (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Orlistat treatment plus diet compared with placebo plus diet was associated with significant improvement in glycemic control, as reflected in decreases in HbA1c (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and fasting plasma glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and in dosage reductions of oral sulfonylurea medication (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Orlistat therapy also resulted in significantly greater improvements than placebo in several lipid parameters, namely, greater reductions in total cholesterol, (P &amp;lt; 0.001), LDL cholesterol (P &amp;lt; 0.001), triglycerides (P &amp;lt; 0.05), apolipoprotein B (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and the LDL-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Mild to moderate and transient gastrointestinal events were reported with orlistat therapy, although their association with study withdrawal was low. Fat-soluble vitamin levels generally remained within the reference range, and vitamin supplementation was required in only a few patients. CONCLUSIONS Orlistat is an effective treatment modality in obese patients with type 2 diabetes with respect to clinically meaningful weight loss and maintenance of weight loss, improved glycemic control, and improved lipid profile.
The impact of caesarean delivery and type of feeding on cow’s milk allergy in infants and subsequent development of allergic march in childhood
Authors: F. Sánchez‐Valverde, F. Gil, D. Martinez, B. Fernandez, E. Aznal, M. Oscoz, J. E. Olivera
Journal: Allergy (2009)

The incidence of IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) has increased over the last few years. There are several genetic and environmental risk factors that may be related to this allergy and the subsequent allergic march (AM).A prospective, cohort study was conducted in patients recruited into the study between 1998 and 2002. Information on clinical variables and complementary tests, perinatal and obstetric factors and the type of hydrolysed formula used was recorded. A cross sectional study on the prevalence of allergic diseases in this cohort was performed in 2004.We compared IgE-mediated CMA patients with non-IgE-mediated CMA patients and found that IgE-mediated CMA is associated with caesarean delivery (OR = 2.14 95% CI: 1.02-4.49), duration of breast feeding (>2 months, OR = 4.14; 95% CI: 2.17-7.89) and the use of supplementary artificial formula whilst breast feeding (OR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.33-6.13). The factors associated with AM in IgE-mediated CMA patients were caesarean delivery (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.19-0.92) and the use of more extensively hydrolysed high grade hydrolysates (+EH/HGH) (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20-0.98), both as protective factors.Caesarean delivery is demonstrated as being a risk factor for IgE-mediated CMA, but it does not increase the risk of AM in these infants. The use of +EH/HGH appears to protect IgE-mediated CMA patients from eventually developing AM.
THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF DIABETIC CHILDREN
Authors: ELLIOTT P. JOSLIN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In former days on the death of a diabetic child, one felt at least that he had done his duty; but now when confronted with living diabetic children, one is not so sure. One cannot help asking, Will these precocious children grow, will they develop, or must one look forward to a stunted and nonmaturing section of society? Our purpose in this paper is to present the problem, not to solve it, and to stimulate investigations during the coming year which will enable diabetic children to grow in height as well as in weight and to go on to manhood and womanhood. Here are opportunities for the pediatrician, the dietitian and the endocrinologist. <h3>THE MATERIAL</h3> To show the present status of the question and to furnish some sort of basis for future studies, we have assembled our data for the last twenty-seven years, represented by 351 children in whom diabetes