tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erythrocyte Na+-K+-ATPase Activity, Metabolic Control, and Neuropathy in IDDM Patients
Authors: Denis Raccah, Claudie Fabreguettes, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Phillippe Vague
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship among red blood cell Na+-K+-ATPase activity, metabolic control, and diabetic neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Na+-K+-ATPase activity has been measured in the red cell membrane of 43 long-standing IDDM patients (duration of diabetes 17.5 ± 2 years, mean ± SE), with 20 of the patients presenting with peripheral neuropathy. There were 23 healthy subjects serving as the control group. RESULTS Na+-K+-ATPase activity was significantly lower in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (236.5 ± 7.5 vs. 294 ± 10 nmol P1 · mg protein−1 · h−1, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Among diabetic patients, Na+/K+-ATPase activity was not dependent on the degree of diabetic control, nor was it correlated with either fasting blood glucose (r = 0.16, NS) or HbA1c (r = 0.01, NS). Na+-K+-ATPase activity was lower in patients with neuropathy than in those without it (212 ± 8.5 vs. 261 ± 6.6, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, in a subgroup of 20 patients, a positive correlation was observed between erythrocyte Na+-K+-ATPase activity and nerve conduction velocity in the peroneal (r = 0.558, P &amp;lt; 0.02) and tibial nerve (r = 0.528, P &amp;lt; 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that diabetes-induced Na+-K+-ATPase activity dysfunction could be implicated in the pathogenesis of human diabetic neuropathy and the electrophysiological abnormalities observed in these patients.
Ancrod—Is Snake Venom an Antidote for Stroke?
Authors: Marc R. Mayberg
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RELATION OF THE SPLEEN TO BLOOD DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION AND TO HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE
Authors: Richard M. Pearce, O. H. Perry Pepper
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1914)

Splenectomy in the dog causes, as a rule, a transformation of the fatty marrow of the long bones to a richly cellular red marrow. During the early periods, one to three months, the change in the marrow is slight and either focal or peripheral; after six to twenty months the replacement of fat by marrow cells is complete or nearly so. Exceptions were, however, seen in four animals representing the 8th, 9th, 10th, and 22d months, respectively. The evidence at hand does not support the theory that this hyperplasia is compensatory either to the anemia caused by splenectomy or to an increased hemolysis in the lymph nodes. It is possible that it may be a concomitant of the activity of the bone marrow in taking over, in the absence of the spleen, the function of storing and elaborating the iron of old blood pigment for future utilization by new red cells, but our studies do not fully support this view.
Words Which Were Weapons
Authors: Robert J. Hoagland
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Congratulations on publishing Dr. Alexander Gode's concern about the changing imagery of illnesses (<i>JAMA</i><b>191</b>:1063 [March 29] 1965). I guess that other physicians share my belief that billboards showing a hand gripping a sword and exhorting everyone to "fight cancer"—like cheerleaders exhorting a football team to beat the opponent—and similar advertisements are unrealistic, misleading, and financially wasteful. The message, one infers, is that if the public will only "fight" (whatever that means) hard enough and contribute enough money for the "fight" (of course, some will go to the persons engaged in the advertising), cancer will be "conquered." Diseases other than cancer also are wastefully and illogically brought to the public's attention in this way. Let us hope that articles such as Dr. Gode's will stimulate physicians to reverse the trend depicted in "Just Words."
Jeremy Hunt interferes too much in day to day running of NHS, stakeholders say
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

England’s Department of Health must be prepared to loosen its grip on the management of the NHS and allow new organisations the freedom to perform their roles, a new survey has found.

Research from Ipsos MORI1 commissioned by the government found that many organisations within and outside the NHS thought that the department had been “maintaining more of a focus on operational issues than they had envisaged” since the Health and Social Care Act came into force in April 2013.

The architect of the act—the former health secretary, Andrew Lansley—created the arm’s length organisation NHS England (initially the NHS Commissioning Board) to oversee …
Dependence of maximal sniff generated mouth and transdiaphragmatic pressures on lung volume.
Authors: T Wanke, G Schenz, H Zwick, W Popp, L Ritschka, M Flicker
Journal: Thorax (1990)

The maximal sniff generated mouth and transdiaphragmatic pressures of six healthy volunteers (three women and three men) were measured at various lung volumes between residual volume and 95% of total lung capacity. At residual volume the mean (SD) maximum transdiaphragmatic pressure was 163 (18) cm H2O (1 cm H2O = 0.0981 kPa). With increasing lung volume the maximum pressures generated declined, so that at 95% of total lung capacity the mean pressure was 68 (15) cm H2O. Mouth pressures showed a similar relation to lung volume. At residual volume the mean maximum mouth pressure was 74 (8) cm H2O, compared with 38 (6) cm H2O at 95% of total lung capacity. The relation between pressure and lung volume was linear for measurements at lung volume levels between residual volume and 85% of total lung capacity; values at 95% of total lung capacity, however, were lower than predicted from the linear regression of the other points. The use of a second order polynomial regression showed a higher coefficient of determination in all cases (0.72 and 0.69 for transdiaphragmatic and mouth pressures on the basis of all pressure values for all subjects). Sniff generated mouth and transdiaphragmatic pressures show a predictable dependence on lung volume, supporting their use as measures of global inspiratory muscle power and diaphragm strength respectively.
The Medical School's Mission and the Population's Health
Authors: Kerr L. White, Julia E. Connelly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

A conference organized by the Royal Society of Medicine Foundation was attended by 37 participants from Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia. The discussants reviewed eight precirculated papers and concluded that society's concerns about the provision, availability, and costs of health care warranted re-examination of the assumptions and priorities of medical education. To reorient medical education to the actual and perceived health care needs of the population, specific recommendations were developed in five areas that integrate the patient, physician, and population perspectives on medical education: the medical school's goals and objectives, faculty development, undergraduate and postgraduate education, educational resources, and health intelligence. The participants also devised implementation strategies.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia in Japan
Authors: H Narimatsu, T Yokozawa, H Iida, M Tsuzuki, M Hayakawa, T Takeo, M Iino, T Ichihashi, C Kato, A Sawamoto, H Sao, M Yanada, N Emi, H kiyoi, T Yamaguchi, T Naoe, R Suzuki, I Sugiura
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Control of Intractable Abdominal Bleeding by External Counterpressure
Authors: Ralph Pelligra
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Pressure of 20 to 25 mm Hg circumferentially applied to the abdomen and legs for periods up to 48 hours is a safe, effective, and practical adjunct to standard medical and surgical techniques for controlling intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Pressure is distributed uniformly through the abdominal cavity and aids hemostasis by decreasing transmural pressure and blood flow in arteries and veins. Compression of the venous capacitance reservoir causes shunting of blood to vital organs above the diaphragm. The mechanism of action, optimal pressures, physiological effects, indications, contraindications, and possible harmful effects of circumferential pneumatic compression are discussed.
Gradwohl's Clinical Laboratory Methods and Diagnosis: A Textbook of Laboratory Procedures and Their Interpretation. 2 vol.
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To produce a large textbook is apparently quite easy. Secure a large number of contributors, let each of them write copiously without rigorous control, and the result is necessarily a large book. Whether it is a valuable book is a totally different question. The new edition of Gradwohl's text is certainly huge, lavishly published, and unconscionably expensive. And, in this reviewer's opinion, thoroughly unsatisfactory. For whom is it written? For laboratory technicians? Medical students? Practicing pathologists? General practitioners? The answer apparently is: for all of them, plus chemists, bacteriologists, and many others. The preface declares that the book serves as "reference source, textbook, and laboratory manual." That is, it tries to be all things to all men. The preface speaks of a "critical need for space." Why, then, are there so many illustrations from the catalogues of medical supply houses? Why show photographs of a microtome knife? Why give detailed
Current medical treatment for tuberculosis
Authors: E. D Chan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Instigating effective treatment regimens in a way that improves patient adherence is vital to tackling the global resurgence of tuberculosis 

About one third of the world's population has latent tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.1 From this pool, roughly 9 million cases of active tuberculosis emerge annually, resulting in 2-3 million deaths. Most new cases occur in the most populated nations—India and China—but the highest rates of disease are seen in sub-Saharan Africa, the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos, Afghanistan, Bolivia, and Peru. In these regions case rates typically exceed 300 cases per 100 000 per year. 1 2 Although the incidence of tuberculosis declined in North America and western Europe throughout most of the latter half of the 20th century, case rates have increased over the past 10 years mainly because of immigration, HIV/AIDS, and the neglect of tuberculosis control programmes. 3 4 One vital factor in curbing the increase of tuberculosis is the instigation of proper treatment that not only encompasses an effective regimen but also ensures compliance with and response to treatment. This review highlights current treatment recommendations for tuberculosis.

#### Summary points

Many people worldwide have latent or active tuberculosis, and the number of active cases is expected to increase in the future

The most common cause of treatment failure and acquired drug resistance is non-adherence; predicting non-adherence is highly problematic

Directly observed therapy is the most effective means of combatting non-adherence; intermittent (less than daily) regimens facilitate the therapy

Testing the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to drugs is essential for identifying resistance and tailoring treatment

Managing multidrug resistant tuberculosis is complex and should, when possible, be done in specialised programmes

We performed a Medline search of the past 10 years using the key words “tuberculosis and treatment or drug therapy” to find pertinent literature. We also searched bibliographies …
Dose-response analysis in risk assessment: evaluation of behavioral specificity.
Authors: J R Glowa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Several methods of quantitative risk assessment that have been described recently are particularly applicable to neurotoxic end points. These methods can be broadly divided into two types of approaches based on their treatment of dose-response data to estimate risks. Benchmark approaches estimate risks using variability in response to a fixed dose level in comparison with background control variability. Probabilistic approaches estimate risks using the variability in the dose to produce a small effect in the sample population. The current report seeks to extend the development of probabilistic approaches for neurotoxic end points. Because behavioral data are often used to assess therapeutic efficacy as well as toxicity (unwanted effects), this analysis focused on the relative risks of producing these effects with the same agent. The therapeutic potential of GBR 12909 was determined by its ability to decrease cocaine-maintained responding in monkeys. The effects of this agent were also assessed in the same monkeys using food-maintained responding to provide an indication of behavioral toxicity. GBR 12909 decreased both behaviors, with complete decreases on drug-seeking behavior occurring at doses that had minimal effects on food-maintained responding. The difference in the estimates of doses to decrease drug-seeking and food-maintained behavior suggested that specific therapeutic effects could be obtained in the absence of unwanted side effects for a definable proportion of the population. These results also suggest that multiple behavioral end points can be useful for identifying specific effects of chemicals for the purposes' of risk assessment.
717 FIBROSCAN® MEASURES ACCORDING TO INTERCOSTAL SPACE: VALIDITY AND CONCORDANCE
Authors: A. Abergel, C. Bonny, K. Randl, C. Nicolas, L. Roszyk, C. Noirfalise, S. Massoulier, B. Chanteranne, V. Sapin, G. Bommelaer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
High Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Content of Human Cirrhosis and Its Possible Conference of Metastasis Resistance2
Authors: S. H. Barsky, R. Gopalakrishna
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Human cirrhotic livers exhibited a strong resistance to metastasis and demonstrated high levels of both soluble and 3 M NaCl extractable metalloproteinase inhibitor(s) directed against tumor type I and type IV collagenases. This inhibitory activity was detected in human cirrhosis from diverse causes, including α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, alcoholic liver disease, postviral hepatitis, and biliary cirrhosis, but was nearly undetectable in normal liver. The inhibitory activity was able to be purified by carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography and gel filtration, had a molecular weight of approximately 40,000, and was relatively heat stable. Such metalloproteinase inhibitory activity was also present in conditioned media of human myofibroblast primary cultures obtained from cirrhotic liver explants but absent in conditioned media of primary normal liver explants. Purified fractions of the metalloproteinase inhibitor activity obtained from both myofibroblast conditioned media and extracts of cirrhotic liver blocked invasion but not attachment of MCF-7 cells on human amnion in vitro. The results further support the role of myofibroblasts in inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis and provide one possible mechanism by which cirrhotic livers resist metastasis.
Impact of Peer Review in Reduction of Permanent Pacemaker Implantations
Authors: Atul B. Chokshi
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Because of a sharp increase in the number of permanent pacemakers inserted at The Brooklyn Hospital between 1972 and 1976, a peer-review committee was established to monitor subsequent pacemaker implantation. Total initial implants declined from 48 to 22 per year in the two years that followed. The number of implantations for sinoatrial bradycardias declined from 50 to 27 and the number of implantations for intraventricular conduction defects declined from 32 to five in the two years after peer review, compared with the two years before. There was no change in the number of pacemakers implanted for complete or advanced heart block. Almost 10% of patients who received a pacemaker between 1972 and 1976 had other conditions that might have accounted for the events that precipitated the decision to implant a pacemaker. The symptoms for which the pacemaker was implanted persisted in 19% of patients, despite a normally functioning pacemaker system. Patients receiving a permanent pacemaker before peer review had a 17% one-year and a 43% three-year mortality. When a more critical patient selection process was instituted, a smaller percentage remained symptomatic (9% vs 19%) and three-year survival rate was improved (86% vs 57%). From 1977 through 1978, when permanent pacemaker implantations declined, the number of hospital, medical service, and coronary care unit admissions increased. It is concluded that peer review can have substantial impact on permanent pacemaker implantations.
SARCOIDOSIS WITH ATROPHIC LESIONS AND ULCERS AND THE PRESENCE IN SOME SARCOID GRANULOMATA OF ORCEINOPHIL FIBRES*
Authors: A. BAZEX, A. DUPRE, B. CHRISTOL, P. CANTALA, J. BAZEX
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

We are reporting an original observation in a patient with sarcoidosis with typical lesions on the face and in the right axilla together with characteristic changes in the lymph nodes. The interest of this observation arises from the presence of certain atypical clinical and pathological features. Clinically there were on the legs macular atrophic lesions and ulcers showing all the characteristics of ulceration due to arteriolitis. Histopathologically the lesions on the legs showed marked hyaline degeneration which appeared to play an important role in the development of the atrophic macules and ulcers. In addition orceinophilic fibres were present in the middle of some of the sarcoid granulomata on the face.
Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SpE) associated with mechanical valve (MHV) closure: Evaluation by TEE and an in-vitrocomparison between two different mechanical bileaflet and a bioprosthetic valves
Authors: Edmond Rambod, Denis J. Levy, John Child, Simcha Milo, David J. Sahn, Mory Gharib
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
A Study of the Q-1 Interval in Atrial Fibrillation with and without Mitral Stenosis
Authors: MORTON E. TAVEL, HARVEY FEIGENBAUM, RICHARD W. CAMPBELL
Journal: Circulation (1965)

The Q-1 interval has been studied and plotted against cycle length (preceding R-R interval) in 41 patients with atrial fibrillation. Employed in such a manner, the Q-1 measurement is a useful adjunct in the study of atrial fibrillation when mitral stenosis is present or suspected. In patients with mitral stenosis, the usual finding was an inverse relationship between the Q-1 interval and the preceding cycle length, i.e., as the cycle length increased, the Q-1 interval decreased. Severe degrees of stenosis appeared to cause characteristic variation of the Q-1 interval even at relatively long cycle lengths, reflecting the longer persisting pressure gradient across the mitral valve. In the absence of mitral stenosis, there generally was no such Q-1 variation, particularly with cycle lengths of longer than 0.6 second.
A Physician Management Infrastructure
Authors: Peter J. Pronovost, Jill A. Marsteller
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Irreversible Effects of Glutethimide Addiction
Authors: F. A. LINGL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

The case of a female prone to drug addiction for many years has been described. During the past four and one-half years she had been addicted to glutethimide in daily doses up to 5.5 gm. During this period she had four hospitalizations for abstinence symptoms; two were associated with confusional states and delirium. She finally developed mixed ataxia of cerebellar and posterior column origin and symptoms of an organic brain syndrome with psychosis. Eight months after being off the drug, the neurological signs have improved. Although there is also marked improvement of her mental status, symptoms of the organic brain disorder persist and are considered to be chronic.
Relationships between plasma adiponectin and body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity, and plasma lipoproteins in Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimos: the Center for Alaska Native Health Research study
Authors: Anna V. Goropashnaya, Johanna Herron, Mary Sexton, Peter J. Havel, Kimber L. Stanhope, Rosemarie Plaetke, Gerald V. Mohatt, Bert B. Boyer
Journal: Metabolism (2008)
High-Deductible Health Plans and Emergency Department Use
Authors: Corita R. Grudzen, Robert H. Brook
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal