tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identifying Research Needs for Improving Health Care
Authors: Stephanie M. Chang, Timothy S. Carey, Elisabeth Uphoff Kato, Jeanne-Marie Guise, Gillian D. Sanders
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Insights from systematic reviews can help new studies better meet the priorities and needs of patients and communities. However, systematic reviews unfortunately have not yet achieved this position to direct and guide new research studies. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Evidence-based Practice Center Program uses systematic reviews to identify gaps in current evidence and has developed a systematic process of prioritizing these gaps with stakeholder input into clearly defined "future research needs." Eight Evidence-based Practice Centers began to apply this effort in 2010 to various clinical and policy topics. Gaps that prevented systematic reviewers from answering central questions of the review may include insufficient studies on subpopulations, insufficient studies with appropriate comparators, lack of appropriate outcomes measured, and methods problems. Stakeholder panels, consisting of advocacy groups, patients, researchers, clinicians, funders, and policymakers, help refine the gaps through multiple conference calls and prioritization exercises. Each report highlights a focused set of 4 to 15 high-priority needs with an accompanying description of possible considerations for study design. Identification of high-priority research needs could potentially speed the development and implementation of high-priority, stakeholder-engaged research.
1038-153 Recovery of left atrial function after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Taro Okada, Takumi Yamada, Yoshimasa Murakami, Masahiro Mutoh, Shoji Yamakami, Mitsuhiro Okamoto, Taeshi Shimizu, Junji Toyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Eight Postulates in Allergy
Authors: J. J. Robbins
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Fulton, Plewig, and Kligman are to be congratulated for finally debunking the long-held teaching that chocolate has any effect on acne vulgaris.<sup>1</sup>Decisive as this well-controlled study is, application of cold reason and basic principles of physiology should long ago have rejected such a relationship. Its rationale is little better than believing that oral ingestion of oil can lubricate arthritic joints. I would like to suggest a number of other beliefs which have to me for a long time, "tasted like old rubber and chewed like dried out Swiss cheese." I am in hopes that publication may motivate similar controlled studies either to put them to rest or place whatever truth they contain on a scientific basis. <i>That any food has any relationship to pulmonary disease</i>. It has always seemed to me entirely unreasonable to believe that ingestion of eggs should cause allergic reactions in
Serum human cartilage glycoprotein 39 as a marker of arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: L Punzi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Common blood markers of arthritis are difficult to interpret in arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) owing to the coexistence of two inflammatory events. No specific serological disease marker is available for IBD.To determine a value of serum human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (HC gp39) as a marker of arthritis associated with IBD.Serum levels of HC gp39 and ultrasensitive C reactive protein (CRP) were determined in 121 patients with IBD: 58 without arthritis (IBD-nonA) and 63 with arthritis (IBD-A), and in 20 healthy controls. IBD was classified as active (aIBD) and non-active (naIBD), and patients with IBD-A were classified as type I, II, and III arthritis by clinical activity indices.HC gp39 was higher in IBD-A than in IBD-nonA (p<0.001) and controls (p<0.01), while no difference was found between IBD-nonA and controls. CRP was increased in both IBD-A and IBD-nonA compared with the controls (p<0.01 and <0.05, respectively) and in aIBD-nonA v naIBD-nonA (p<0.05), but no difference in CRP was found between aIBD-A and naIBD-A. Finally, a correlation was found between the number of affected joints (NAJ) and HC gp39 (r = 0.6, p<0.001).Increased serum levels of HC gp39, which were higher in IBD-A than in IBD-nonA, suggest that this substance might be a marker of arthropathy in IBD. HC gp39, because of its relationship with NAJ in IBD-A, may also be proposed as a disease activity marker in arthritis associated with IBD.
Frequent Physical Activity May Not Reduce Vascular Disease Risk as Much as Moderate Activity
Authors: Miranda E. G. Armstrong, Jane Green, Gillian K. Reeves, Valerie Beral, Benjamin J. Cairns
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Although physical activity has generally been associated with reduced risk of vascular disease, there is limited evidence about the effects of the frequency and duration of various activities on the incidence of particular types of vascular disease.
Percutaneous Antegrade Sphincterotomy under Endoscopic Retrograde Control: Report of Two Cases
Authors: P. Born, W. Sandschin, T. Rösch
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

In patients for whom endoscopic sphincterotomy is not possible, the percutaneous transhepatic approach (percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage; PTBD) is an important alternative. Some patients however do not tolerate long-term PTBD. As a solution to this problem in two patients, we therefore carried out antegrade sphincterotomy (AST) under endoscopic control to improve the position of the papillotome. Both patients presented with cholestasis.
Letter to the editor: Complete response to antilymphocyte globulin in a case of aplastic anemia‐paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria syndrome
Authors: Gustavo D. Kusminsky, Lucía Barazzutti, Jorge D. Korin, Adriana Blasetti, Norma E. Tartas, Julio C. Sánchez Avalos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)
Evidence of New Physical, Genetic, Links in Autism
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

EMERGING EVIDENCE of genetic links to brain abnormalities and autistic behavior is establishing autism as an organic, rather than emotional, disorder. To be classified as autistic, a patient must have 8 of 16 characteristics listed in the<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i>, revised third edition. Although the combination of characteristics displayed can vary widely among patients with autism, psychiatrist Allan Reiss, MD, and psychologist Lisa Freund, PhD, have found that one subgroup—males with fragile X syndrome—shows a consistent pattern of autistic symptoms and behaviors. This group has difficulty relating to peers, initiating conversations, making eye contact, and speaking normally. They also have motion disorders, such as hand-flapping, and abnormal sensory preoccupations, such as hypersensitivity to noise. Men with the fragile X syndrome, which is characterized by as yet unknown chromosome abnormalities, are usually mentally retarded and usually have neuropsychiatric disorders that often include autistic behavior. Because females usually
Modulation of allergen‐induced bronchoconstriction by fluticasone furoate and vilanterol alone or in combination
Authors: A. Oliver, L. Bjermer, D. Quinn, P. Saggu, P. Thomas, K. Yarnall, J. Lötvall
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background This placebo‐controlled study assessed the effects of the once‐daily inhaled corticosteroid ( ICS ) fluticasone furoate ( FF ) and long‐acting beta 2 ‐agonist ( LABA ) vilanterol ( VI ) on early and late asthmatic responses ( EAR / LAR ) and airway hyper‐responsiveness ( AHR ). Methods Patients ( n = 27) were randomized to FF (100 μg), VI (25 μg), FF / VI (100/25 μg), and placebo for 21 days (four periods). Allergen challenge was performed 1 h post‐dose on day 21. AHR was assessed on day 22 using methacholine. Results Allergen challenge caused an early change (0–2 h) in minimum forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV 1 ) of −1.091 l (95% CI : −1.344; −0.837) following placebo therapy; changes were −0.955 l (−1.209; −0.702), −0.826 l (−1.070; −0.581), and −0.614 l (−0.858; −0.370) following VI , FF , or FF / VI therapy, respectively. Treatment differences were significant for all comparisons between therapies. Mean changes in 0–2 h % FEV 1 were as follows: −28.05 (placebo), −23.10 ( VI ), −22.33 ( FF ), and −16.10 ( FF / VI ). Following placebo, the late change (4–10 h) in weighted mean FEV 1 was −0.466 l (−0.589; −0.343) and −0.298 l (−0.415; −0.181) after VI , and was +0.018 l with both FF / VI (−0.089; 0.124) and FF (−0.089; 0.125). Treatment differences were significant for all comparisons between therapies except FF / VI vs FF . Mean changes in 4–10 h % FEV 1 were as follows: −21.08 (placebo), −14.30 ( VI ), −5.02 ( FF ), and −5.83 ( FF / VI ). AHR 24 h after allergen challenge was significantly reduced with FF / VI and FF vs placebo, and FF / VI was superior to either component. Conclusion Combined treatment with FF / VI provides additive protection from the EAR relative to its components, significant protection over VI alone from the LAR , and confers sustained protection from hyper‐responsiveness 24 h post‐dose.
UK has too many healthcare regulators, says leading lawyer
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

UK regulators missed a string of healthcare scandals “until it was too late,” and the UK regulatory system has not been consistently effective in achieving the aims of a patient centred culture, the barrister Robert Francis told regulators from more than 50 countries at a conference in London last week.1

Francis, who chaired the inquiry into multiple failings at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, said the regulators had missed that particular scandal as well as those over children’s heart surgery at Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, the retention of children’s body parts at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, the serial killer Harold Shipman, and others.

He told delegates at …
Call Us Principal Physicians
Authors: Holly L. Thacker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 June 1993Call Us Principal PhysiciansHolly L. Thacker, MDHolly L. Thacker, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-12-199306150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Kerr White coined the term primary care a few decades ago to reflect the type of practice of most generalist physicians [1]. A recent American College of Physicians position paper [2] calls for a goal of at least 50% generalists from current internal medicine residency graduates. One reason for the current lack of generalists is the low prestige of the generalist. Why not change the name from primary care physician to principal physician?Primary is defined as first in order of time or development, for example, primitive, as in stage of civilization. Primary colors are the ...References1. White KL, Williams TF, Greenberg B. Ecology of medical care. N Engl J Med. 1961; 265:885-92. Google Scholar2. Federated Council for Internal Medicine. General internal medicine and general internists: recognizing a national need. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:778-9. Google Scholar3. Lipkin M Jr, Levinson W, Barker R, Kern DK, Burke W, Noble J, et al. Primary care internal medicine: a challenging career choice for the 1990s. Ann Intern Med. 1990; 112:371-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 12Page: 988-989KeywordsGraduate medical educationHealth carePrimary care physiciansResidencySub-specialty care Issue Published: 15 June 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Don't abandon Labour's initiative to improve access to health care for world's poor people, charities urge
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Last week the United Kingdom’s new secretary of state for international development, Andrew Mitchell, announced “a fundamental change in direction” in aid spending, with a new emphasis on “transparency, accountability, responsibility, fairness, and empowerment.”

The announcement has been welcomed by most development charities, and Mr Mitchell’s subsequent decision to review Britain’s existing commitments to all multilateral institutions—including the World Health Organization and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria—has been greeted with cautious support. 

However, charities have expressed concern for the fate of the newly established Centre for Progressive Health Financing, which aims to support poor countries to achieve universal access to health care and which is hosted by the UK Department for International Development (www.progressivehealthfinancing.org).

A group of charities, including Save the Children, Oxfam, and the maternal health charity Interact, has written to Mr Mitchell urging that his department continue to support the new centre, established in March by the previous government.

Mr Mitchell announced his review at the launch of Oxfam’s new report, 21st Century Aid , on 3 June at the Royal Society. He said: “Development is good for our economy, our safety, …
Development of a Clinical Lab Assay for Assessment of Eosinophil Peroxidase in Sputum
Authors: Sergei I. Ochkur, Cheryl A. Protheroe, Katie R. Zellner, Dana C. Colbert, Nancy A. Lee, Parameswaran K. Nair, James J. Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Coral Snake Bite
Authors: George F. Ramsey, Gilbert D. Klickstein
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THERE HAS BEEN ample information recently presented in the literature concerning North American snake bites of the pit viper (family Crotalidae) variety. In contrast, the literature reveals only spotty information concerning the North American coral snake and its bite. Even less has been said of its treatment, and, to add confusion, there are the inevitable backwoods exaggerations and tales. Our recent experience in treating a near-fatal case of coral snake bite has, therefore, prompted this article. Along with the case report, we will attempt to unify the known facts, to put the problem into proper perspective, and to outline a logical approach to the management of this medical emergency. The North American coral snake belongs to the family Elapidae, genus<i>Micrurus</i>, and species fulvius. There are several subspecies marked by minor physical differences. The 2 main types are the southeastern (common) coral and the smaller western (Arizona) coral snake. Their
EARLY REDUCTION OF OFFICE AND AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE BY MULTI-ELECTRODE CATHETER-BASED RENAL SYMPATHETIC DENERVATION IN RESISTANT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Konstantinos P. Tsioufis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Athanasios Kordalis, Dimitris Tsiachris, Konstantinos Kintis, Vasilios Papademetriou, Christodoulos I Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
STUDIES IN INFARCTION
Authors: Howard T. Karsner, Albert A. Ghoreyeb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

From series 1 it is concluded that increases in pulmonary pressure improve the circulation in the embolic areas and that decreases in pulmonary pressure limit the circulation in the same areas. In this series the bronchial vessels showed no tendency to take up the circulation in the area of pulmonary embolism until the pulmonary pressure was as low as zero, and then only to a limited degree. It has been shown, however, that in the circulation of an entire lobe the fall to zero pressure in the pulmonary circuit is followed by almost complete taking over of the circulation by the bronchial arterial supply and the most reasonable explanation of why this does not occur when embolism is present in a smaller branch of the pulmonary is the inference that the physiological anastomosis between the two systems takes place in part before the pulmonary artery breaks up into branches small enough to be occluded by seeds of about three millimeters in diameter. From series 2 it is concluded that although increases in pressure in the bronchial arteries cause somewhat greater inflow of bronchial injection mass into the embolic area, extremely high pressures are not sufficient to provide for complete circulation in the same district. This fact would tend to support further the belief that the anastomosis between the two vascular systems occurs before the smaller divisions of the pulmonary artery are reached. From series 3 it is concluded that with a zero pressure in the pulmonary artery there is improved injection of the embolic area through the bronchial artery which is to be expected when it is remembered that zero pressure in the pulmonary artery favors a taking over of the circulation by the bronchial system. What pressure is found in the smaller pulmonary vessels is supplied by the bronchials. It has been shown that the anastomosis between the two systems probably occurs before the branches are reached which would provide lodgment for the turnip radish seeds. The pressure supplied by the bronchials would naturally be less beyond this point and hence the injection would be less complete in the embolic area than in the normal lung. This is shown to be the case by the results of the experiment. From series 4 it is concluded that the absence of pressure in the bronchial circulation favors a better injection of the embolic area through the pulmonary vessels, which is to be expected when it is recalled that not until zero pressure is reached in the bronchial circuit does the pulmonary artery supply the bronchial vessels with blood. Throughout the study it was found that whenever the two vascular systems were injected simultaneously the pleural vessels over the embolic area, as well as those over the normal lung, received their supply from the pulmonary vessels. When only one system was used for injection the pleural vessels over the embolic area showed about the same degree of injection as those of the embolic area itself.
Incidence of Neoplasms in Children Born after Influenza Epidemics
Authors: I. Leck, J. K. Steward
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Following a recent report that neoplasia of the lymphatic and haematopoietic tissues is commoner than average in children whose mothers have had influenza in pregnancy, the incidence of neoplasms in 1954-68 in children of the Manchester Hospital Region was examined in relation to date of birth. There were no significant differences between cohorts born in different quinquennia. Incidence among children born after six influenza epidemics in 1951-68 was no higher than among other children born in these years. It is concluded that if there is an association between maternal influenza and childhood neoplasia it is probably due to factors such as immunological deficiencies which may predispose independently to both conditions.
The Long Scarf Syndrome—a Potentially Fatal and Preventable Hazard
Authors: Mutaz B. Habal
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The long scarf syndrome refers to the entanglement of the scarf's free floating end into moving machinery. The death rate in 11 cases was an astonishingly high 45%. Prevention is simple and consists merely of removing or covering the scarf when worn near moving machinery.
OPEN SAFETY PIN IN AN INFANT'S STOMACH
Authors: D. W. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —The report of an open safety pin in an infant's stomach inThe Journal, Dec. 22, 1917, might lead to the impression that an operation is always necessary in such cases. I therefore report the case of an 8 months old baby who swallowed a 1½ inch open safety pin, November 21, about 2 p. m., and later passed it. Roentgenograms taken at the request of the attending physician, Dr. Corliss Keller of Hamilton, Ohio, showed the pin to be in the stomach. Thirty-six hours later the pin was in the same position, and as the separation of the open ends of the pin, as shown in the roentgenogram, seemed to be considerably greater than the diameter of an infant's pylorus, I advised bringing the child to a hospital for operation. Several more pictures were made at the hospital, and at the end of fifty-two hours the
Tularemia Pneumonia in Washington, DC
Authors: William J. Martone
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In June 1978, three cases of tularemia pneumonia occurred in persons residing in the Washington, DC, area. The patients, all men, became ill three to four days after a brief session training their hunting dogs in an undeveloped wooded area adjacent to a housing complex. One of the dogs, which later died, had captured a wild rabbit during the training session. All three men had handled the rabbit while familiarizing their dogs with the rabbit's scent. The men had no other common exposure that was a likely source of infection.
Aberrant Cerebrospinal Fluid Pathway Detection by Scintigraphy
Authors: SHIV M. GUPTA, JUAN FRIAS, ASHA GARG, NILO E. HERRERA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Radionuclide cisternography is routinely performed for assessment of normal and abnormal pathways and the hydrodynamics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). An unusual case of a woman in whom cisternography provided the diagnosis of an iatrosenic spinopleural fistula with a large CSF collection in the pleural cavity, following surgical resection of a vertebra for a malignant tumor is presented.
Foodborne Illness in the 1990s-Reply
Authors: Craig W. Hedberg
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the comments from Drs Archer, Kessler, and Young. We believe that the epidemiology of foodborne disease in the 1990s is vastly different from that in earlier decades. At least three major factors have contributed to changing the epidemiology of foodborne disease.<sup>1</sup>First, there has been a change in the type and source of food we consume. The new American diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and grains. Meeting the increased demand for fresh fruits and vegetables has led to the widespread availability of salad bars in restaurants and has required the importation of produce from Mexico, Central America, and other tropical areas. These dietary changes have increased the potential for exposure to a wide variety of enteric pathogens, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are new methods of food production and distribution. Sporadic or low-level contamination of massproduced cold food items in large and complex distribution networks
Abstract B05: Urothelial carcinoma exosomes contain Del1/EDIL-3 and facilitate bladder cancer progression
Authors: Carla Beckham, Christopher Silvers, Jayme Olsen, Peng-nien Yin, Chia-Hao Wu, Huei-ju Ting, Fred Hagen, Emelian Scosyrev, Edward Messing
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Small membrane-bound vesicles called exosomes are proving to be critical mediators of tumor progression. Here we show, for the first time, that exosomes isolated from the urine of patients with high-grade bladder cancer facilitate tumor progression and contain the matrix-associated glycoprotein EGF-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains (EDIL-3 aka Del1). EDIL-3 is a well-known tumor-associated angiogenic factor and increased expression of EDIL-3 has been shown in numerous tumors to correlate with poor prognosis. We demonstrate, that exosome-derived EDIL-3 is important for angiogenesis as well as urothelial and endothelial cell migration. Importantly, we show that recombinant (r)EDIL-3 is sufficient to promote migration of human urothelial carcinoma 5637 cells and blockade of either the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or the EGFR signal transduction propagating integrin beta 1 abrogated this effect. These data suggest a novel mechanism by which EDIL-3 may be involved in signal transduction pathways in cancer. Citation Format: Carla Beckham, Christopher Silvers, Jayme Olsen, Peng-nien Yin, Chia-Hao Wu, Huei-ju Ting, Fred Hagen, Emelian Scosyrev, Edward Messing. Urothelial carcinoma exosomes contain Del1/EDIL-3 and facilitate bladder cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B05.