tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperglycemia and Death in Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes
Authors: Amanda I. Adler, Brian Shine, Charles Haworth, Lalantha Leelarathna, Diana Bilton
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

OBJECTIVE Diabetes is common in cystic fibrosis and increases the risk of death, yet the role of hyperglycemia remains unproven. An association between glycemia and mortality would provide compelling evidence to support glucose lowering in cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using the U.K. Cystic Fibrosis Registry, we analyzed longitudinal data from 2006 to 2009 in 520 individuals with diabetes. We tested the association between HbA1c and mortality. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 2 years, 36 patients died. The median value of HbA1c was higher in those who died (7.3%) than in those who did not (6.7%). An HbA1c value of ≥6.5% was associated with a threefold increased risk of death (hazard ratio 3.2 [95% CI 1.4–7.3]; P = 0.005) independent of potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia trebles the risk of death in patients with CFRD. These findings provide epidemiologic support for continued efforts to improve glycemic control.
A new biologic prognostic model based on immunohistochemistry predicts survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Anamarija M. Perry, Teresa M. Cardesa-Salzmann, Paul N. Meyer, Luis Colomo, Lynette M. Smith, Kai Fu, Timothy C. Greiner, Jan Delabie, Randy D. Gascoyne, Lisa Rimsza, Elaine S. Jaffe, German Ott, Andreas Rosenwald, Rita M. Braziel, Raymond Tubbs, James R. Cook, Louis M. Staudt, Joseph M. Connors, Laurie H. Sehn, Julie M. Vose, Armando López-Guillermo, Elias Campo, Wing C. Chan, Dennis D. Weisenburger
Journal: Blood (2012)
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita sera react with distinct epitopes on the NC1 and NC2 domains of type VII collagen: study using immunoblotting of domain-specific recombinant proteins and postembedding immunoelectron microscopy
Authors: N. Ishii, M. Yoshida, Y. Hisamatsu, A. Ishida-Yamamoto, H. Nakane, H. Iizuka, T. Tanaka, T. Hashimoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background The sera of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) react with type VII collagen, a major component of anchoring fibrils, in which the major epitopes have been considered to be present in the N‐terminal noncollagenous (NC) 1 domain. Objectives To determine whether there are also epitopes in the C‐terminal NC2 domain, and to determine their ultrastructural localization. Methods Immunoblotting using recombinant proteins of the NC1 and NC2 domains of type VII collagen, and postembedding immunoelectron microscopy. Results Twenty of 28 EBA sera tested reacted with the NC1 domain and eight sera reacted with the NC2 domain. The sera that reacted with the NC1 domain showed immunoreactivity within the lamina densa and the sera that reacted with the NC2 domain showed immunoreactivity in the dermis 300–360 nm below the lamina densa. Conclusions This study clearly identified the presence of epitopes in the NC2 domain, and showed that the epitope in the NC1 domain is present in the lamina densa and that the epitope in the NC2 domain is in the dermis below the lamina densa.
The resistance of collateral channels in excised human lungs
Authors: James C. Hogg, Peter T. Macklem, William M. Thurlbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

We measured the resistance of collateral channels, Rcol, in incomplete interlobar fissures in eight normal and eight emphysematous excised human lungs. Similar measurements were also made from the basal segments to the superior segment of the lower lobe in three normal and five emphysematous lungs. The lobe or segments were inflated through a bronchial cannula; air leaked through collateral channels and out of the other lobe or segment through a pneumotachograph which measured flow. Catheters inserted directly into the lung through the pleural surface on either side of the collateral channels measured the alveolar pressure difference producing collateral flow. Rcol is the ratio of this pressure difference to flow. By also measuring the inflating pressure and the airway pressure at the pneumotachograph, we calculated the lobar or segmental airway resistance, Raw. In the normal lungs Rcol varied inversely with lung volume and was higher on inflation than on deflation. Raw was very small compared to Rcol which ranged from 260 to 3300 cm H2O/liter per sec when the distending pressure was 20 cm H2O. In the emphysematous lungs on the other hand, Rcol was markedly decreased and ranged from 5 to 20 cm H2O/liters per sec at the same distending pressure and was less than Raw. We conclude that collateral channels are important ventilatory pathways in emphysema. When many units within a lung are ventilated by these pathways there may be disturbances of gas exchange and phase differences between normally and abnormally ventilated areas.
In vitro airway and tissue response to antigen in sensitized rats. Role of serotonin and leukotriene D4.
Authors: T Nagase, Y Fukuchi, M J Dallaire, J G Martin, M S Ludwig
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We have recently demonstrated that tissue resistance increases during the early response (ER) to antigen challenge in sensitized Brown-Norway rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the in vitro airway and tissue responses to antigen and the involvement of the potential mediators serotonin (5-HT) and leukotriene D4 (LTD4). We sensitized Brown-Norway rats with ovalbumin (OA) and subsequently challenged bronchial rings and subpleural parenchymal strips with OA in the organ bath. In selected experiments tissues were incubated with methysergide (a 5-HT receptor antagonist), ketanserin (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist), MK-571 (a LTD4 receptor antagonist), or MK-886 (5-lipoxygenase inhibitor) prior to challenge. Both bronchial rings and parenchymal strips constricted in response to OA. Methysergide and ketanserin completely inhibited OA-induced constriction of bronchial rings. The effect of MK-571 was not significant, whereas MK-886 partially blocked OA-induced bronchial constriction, suggesting a potential role for LTC4 in antigen-induced airway constriction. In parenchymal strips, methysergide, ketanserin, MK-571, and MK-886 all partially inhibited the OA response, whereas the combinations of methysergide and MK-571 or ketanserin and MK-886 completely ablated the response. These data suggest that both bronchial rings and parenchymal strips constrict after OA challenge but that the relative contributions of 5-HT and LTD4 to the allergic response in central airways and parenchymal tissues differ.
ARE PHYSICIANS LESS LIKELY TO OFFER AN IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR TO WOMEN, RACIAL MINORITIES, AND OLDER PATIENTS?
Authors: Sana M. Al-Khatib, Gillian D. Sanders, Daniel D. Matlock, Sean O’Brien, Louise Zimmer, Fred A. Masoudi, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: M E Jay, M T Silver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Lesions of acute bacterial endocarditis are shown in a 40-year-old male intravenous drug user with sudden fever, severe crampy, left-sided abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan demonstrates bilateral wedge-shaped low-density areas (curved white arrows, Panel A) in both kidneys that are consistent with embolic infarcts. A lower section (Panel B) shows mildly dilated small-bowel loops on the left, with air in the wall of the small bowel (white arrows), that are consistent with pneumatosis intestinalis and bowel infarction. Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of the aortic valve and aortic root (Panel C) identified a 1-cm aortic-valve vegetation (not . . .
Experiences of the Unwed Mother as a Parent: A Longitudinal Study of Unmarried Mothers Who Keep Their First Born
Authors: Wesley J. Duiker
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This newly published book contains the results of a longitudinal study of unmarried mothers who keep their first-born child. It reports on the findings of 3 1/2 years of research, on more than 250 cases. Little information has accumulated in this country on the characteristics of unmarried mothers and their problems in keeping the child. The report indicates how these unwed mothers differ from the total group of unwed mothers and from those who surrender their out-of-wedlock child for adoption. Background data on age, ethnic characteristics, religion, education, and family situation in childhood are compared among the groups. Descriptive experiences of these unwed mothers in taking care of themselves and their infants are also included. This book provides some answers to the problems, how they support themselves, the type of housing they occupy, the extent of their education, how they care for the infant, and whether they may or may
Small bowel transit time.
Authors: F Lami, C Callegari, M Bozzola
Journal: Gut (1986)

Small bowel transit time SIR,-Corbett et all reported decreased intestinal transit time in patients with diarrhoea due to the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).In 200 patients with IBS referred to our Gastro- enterology Unit from February 1984 to June 1985 we measured mouth-to-caecum transit time by H2-
Stress Fractures in Children-Reply
Authors: John A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In Reply.—  The intent of the article was not to proffer one diagnostic technique over another, but to acquaint physicians with an entity that they might have excluded initially in their clinical consideration—that stress fractures can occur in young children.  In reviewing the articles mentioned by Dr deR Kolisch, all seem to use radionuclide bone imaging in conjunction with roentgenograms. No one makes the claim that a positive radionuclide scan can differentiate stress fracture, early osteomyelitis, or tumor (primary or metastatic). These scans are useful if these lesions are suspected or if they have been previously diagnosed and are now being observed.  I hope that the readers ofThe Journalwill now recognize that stress fractures do occur in young children as well as active young adults and will use whatever diagnostic technique they have available and with which they have experience to arrive at a correct diagnosis.
Anatomical characteristics of the pulmonary vein ending into the left atrium: relevance for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: JoséAngel Cabrera, Damián Sanchez-Quintana, Yen Ho, Fernando Cabestrero, JoséManuel Rubio, Felipe Navarro, Robert Anderson, Jerónimo Farré
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Salicylate Hepatotoxicity in Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: WILLIAM B. RICKS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Letters1 January 1976Salicylate Hepatotoxicity in Reiter's SyndromeWILLIAM B. RICKS, M.D.WILLIAM B. RICKS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-1-52 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAspirin-related hepatoxicity, until recently, was felt to be limited to cases of massive overdosage in which fatty necrosis occurred. However, with the recent reports of aspirin-related hepatotoxicity in patients with either juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus a different pathological entity has been described in which there are minute focuses of parenchymal necrosis, accompanied by round-cell infiltrates in the periportal areas (1, 2). Moreover, such toxicity occurred at or near therapeutic levels. I present here a patient with Reiter's syndrome who developed an identical salicylate-induced hepatotoxicity. A healthy 18-year-old man developed a persistent urethral discharge after sexual intercourse. Several...References1. RICHJOHNSON RJ: Salicylate hepatotoxicity in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 16:1-9, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SEAMANISHAKPLOTZ WKP: Aspirin-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med 80:1-8, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar3. MANSOTARANTANYDICK CAI: Effect of aspirin administration on serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases in children. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 93:84-88, 1956 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MORRISMETZGERBLUESTONE RAR: HL-A W27: a clue to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of Reiter's syndrome. N Engl J Med 290:554-555, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RACHELEFSKYTERASAKIKATZ GPR: Increased prevalence of W27 in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 290:892-893, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPrediction of organ system toxicity with antirheumatic drug therapyAdult onset Still's diseaseHepatotoxicity Associated with Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate: Case Report and Review of Salicylate-Induced HepatotoxicitySide-effects and Toxicology of the SalicylatesHepatotoxic Effects of Anti-rheumatic Drugs in Cultured Rat HepatocytesThe liver in rheumatic diseasesNonsteroidal Antiinflammatory DrugsLiver and Kidney Disease in Rheumatoid ArthritisReiter's syndrome followingshigella flexneri 2aAntipyretic analgesicsSalicylate-induced hepatic injurySalicylate Hepatotoxicity and HL-A W27PETER SCHULMAN, M.D. 1 January 1976Volume 84, Issue 1Page: 52-53KeywordsLupus erythematosusNecrosisReactive arthritisRheumatoid arthritisSalicylatesToxicity Issue Published: 1 January 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
PLACENTA PRÆVIA—A PLEA FOR ACCOUCHEMENT FORCÉ.Read in the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: LLEWELLYN ELIOT
Journal: JAMA (1894)

At the last meeting of the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, 1 presented a paper, "Accouchement Forcé in Certain Obstetric Complications," and mentioned placenta prævia as one of the complications. (SeeJournal, Vol. xxi, September, 1893.) It will not be necessary to speak of the causes or the symptoms of placenta prævia, nor shall I refer to statistics to show the relative frequency of centralis, marginalis, and lateralis, or the mortality of the mother and the child, since statistics collected upon this subject are misleading. All varieties are usually included under the general heading, placenta prævia. Next to a case of puerperal convulsions, this is the most appalling accident to be met with in the lying-in room. Called, as we are, only at or after the occurrence of hemorrhage, there is little time to draw the lines of fine distinction. Time is only for action, and upon that
Classification of Mouse Mammary Tumors in Dunn’s Miscellaneous Group Including Recently Reported Types
Authors: B Sass, T B Dunn
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

A classification of mouse mammary tumors in Dunn's miscellaneous group including recently reported types is presented. Adenocarcinoma type Y, first reported in (C3H X Y)F1 mice, is characterized by tubules that branch at acute angles and are lined by cuboidal epithelium. Adenocarcinoma type L is characterized by alcelike appearance and has projections of tumor cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles into lumina. Undifferentiated carcinomas in strains SWR/J and BABL/c contain sheetlike masses of epithelial cells with very little tendency to form glands but which may contain foci of cells with keratohyaline granules. Pale cell carcinomas, which occur in strain GR mice, are hormonally responsive and are characterized by the presence of pale cells and cystic spaces lined by basophilic cells. Foci of cells with acidophilic hyaline bodies and keratohyaline granules and with intercellular bridges distinguish this neoplasm from adenocarcinoma type B. A second hormonally responsive mammary tumor in strain GR mice is adenocarcinoma type P, which consists mainly of acini lined by a single layer of polyhedral cells. Carcinosarcomas of BALB/c mice have a myxoid stoma and, also containing glands, resemble mixed mammary tumors of the bitch. Criteria for differentiating trichoepitheliomas from mammary tumors are discussed.
Combined effect of two different polymorphic sequences within the β globin gene cluster on the level of HbF
Authors: Isabel Gonçalves, Rolande Ducrocq, João Lavinha, Paulo J. Nogueira, M. João Peres, Isabel Picanço, Esmeraldina Correia, Ana Batalha Reis, Candido Silva, Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy, Leonor Osório Almeida
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

β thalassemia and Hb Lepore heterozygotes included in this study exhibit fetal hemoglobin levels varying from trace quantities to 14% (1.74 g/dl) of total hemoglobin in the adult. In this work, we have examined the correlation of DNA sequence polymorphisms with the observed HbF level. The analysis of polymorphic markers within the β globin cluster in 39 individuals heterozygous for β thalassemia or Hb Lepore confirms the previous findings for homozygous β thalassemia: the presence of both an (AT)9 T5 sequence configuration at position −540 of the β globin gene and a (C → T) variation at −158 of the Gγ globin gene is associated with elevated expression of HbF. However, at least one defective β globin gene is required to reveal this association. The best evidence is from the study of individuals heterozygous for Hb Lepore with various levels of HbF. In these individuals it was possible to explore the effect of a single (AT)x Ty motif (the other being absent from the rearranged Lepore chromosome) on HbF expression. The presence of the (AT)9 T5 configuration increases HbF level from a median of 0.515 g/dl observed in (AT)7 T7 subjects, to 1.39 g/dl. We confirm the existence of linkage disequilibrium between the (C → T) variation at −158 of Gγ gene and the (TG)13 configuration at the second intervening sequence (IVS-2) of Aγ gene and identify two new polymorphisms in this region: (TG)7 (CG)5 (TG)8 linked to haplotype V and (TG)8 (CG)5 (TG)10 linked to haplotype II. This study suggests that two distinct regions of the β cluster, whether in cis or in trans to each other, can interact to enhance HbF expression when a β thalassemic determinant is present in heterozigosity. Am. J. Hematol. 57:269–276, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A reporter transgene indicates renal-specific induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by shiga-like toxin. Possible involvement of TNF in hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Authors: Y Harel, M Silva, B Giroir, A Weinberg, T B Cleary, B Beutler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

We have examined the hypothesis that TNF may play a pathogenetically important role in the hemolytic uremic syndrome. Specifically, we considered the possibility that shigatoxin, which eventuates this syndrome, might induce TNF biosynthesis, and/or that TNF and shigatoxin might sensitize animals, each to the toxic effects of the other agent. Shigatoxin was found to sensitize mice to the lethal effect of LPS and to the lethal effect of TNF. On the other hand, pretreatment of animals with either TNF or LPS did not noticeably sensitize mice to the lethal effect of shigatoxin. Intraperitoneal injections of shigatoxin did not induce the production of detectable quantities of TNF in the plasma of mice. When shigatoxin was injected into transgenic mice bearing a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene that indicates TNF synthesis, CAT activity was induced within the kidney, but not in other tissues. We therefore conclude that shigatoxin acts to induce TNF synthesis within the kidney, and at the same time increases renal sensitivity to the toxic effects of TNF. While this mouse model does not reproduce the hemolytic uremic syndrome as it occurs in humans, it does suggest that local synthesis of TNF within the kidney may contribute to renal injury induced by shigatoxin.
PHYSIOLOGIC PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING INFANT DIETARY.
Authors: BYR. O. BEARD
Journal: JAMA (1898)

No subject in general medicine has been more prolific of literature in the past and less fruitful of practical results in the present than the question of infant food and infant-feeding. Infancy is still a prey to gastro-intestinal disease. Thirty-five per cent. of the children born, die within the first three years of life of disorders of the alimentary tract or their sequelæ No satisfactory explanation of this mortality has ever been given, saving that of prevalent dietetic error. No theory accounts for this condition other than this: that out of the great mass of varied experience, the medical profession has evolved no scientific system of infant dietary, has been guided by no sound physiologic principles in the selection, preparation and feeding of infant food. After an endeavor, maintained for fifteen years, to meet this default and to remove this reproach from the practice of medicine, the writer ventures to
Short-term prognosis of bacterial infection in hospitalized cirrhotic patients
Authors: M. Borzio, F. Salerno, P. Angeli, F. Bissoli, S. Boccia, G. Colloredo, P. Corigliano, G. Fornaciari, G. Marenco, R. Pistarà, A. Sangiovanni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
An eclipse in the subungual space: a diagnostic sign for a subungual epidermal cyst?
Authors: N. Takiyoshi, H. Nakano, Y. Matsuzaki, T. Aizu, T. Kaneko, D. Rokunohe, E. Akasaka, K. Jin, D. Sawamura, K. Ohara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)
CD4<sup>+</sup>IL‐13<sup>+</sup> cells in peripheral blood well correlates with the severity of atopic dermatitis in children
Authors: S. La Grutta, P. Richiusa, G. Pizzolanti, A. Mattina, G. B. Pajno, R. Citarrella, G. Passalacqua, C. Giordano
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: In atopic dermatitis (AD) a Th1/Th2 imbalance has been reported, and interleukin (IL)‐13 seems to play a pivotal role in the inflammatory network. We tried to assess the correlation between the immunological marker CD4 + IL‐13 + and the clinical phase of extrinsic AD in children. Methods: Twenty children with AD were studied. Assessed parameters were: clinical severity (SCORAD index), total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), blood eosinophil count, and percentage of CD4 + IFN γ + , CD4 + IL‐4 + , CD4 + IL‐13 + T cells. Determinations were carried out in the acute phase and after clinical remission were achieved. Ten nonatopic‐matched children served as controls. Results: At baseline, AD was mild in 25%, moderate in 50% and severe in 25% of children. In the acute phase a significant relationship between the eosinophil count and the SCORAD index was found ( P = 0.0001). Blood CD4 + IL‐4 + were significantly higher in the AD group (median 17.0, range: 13.7–21.4) than in controls (12.6, 6.4–17.2, P &lt; 0.0001). CD4 + IL‐13 + cells in the AD group well correlated ( P = 0.0007) with SCORAD index. At remission, a significant correlation between SCORAD index and eosinophil count was found ( P &lt; 0.03) and the percentage of CD4 + IL‐13 + cells globally decreased ( P &lt; 0.0001), while no difference was found among SCORAD classes. Conclusion: This study confirms the Th2 profile predominance in the peripheral blood of children with AD, and evidences close relationship between the number of CD4 + IL‐13 + T cells and the disease's severity.
Eleven Year Follow Up of an African-American Adolescent with Destructive Sinus Disease and Intermittent Asthma Diagnosed with Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS) and Incidentally Found to have Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycosis (ABPM)
Authors: A.G. Hall, A.E. Morris, G.D. Marshall
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)