tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of Concurrent Versus Sequential Tamoxifen With Radiation Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Breast Conservation Treatment
Authors: Eleanor E.R. Harris, Vasthi J. Christensen, Wei-Ting Hwang, Kevin Fox, Lawrence J. Solin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

To assess the impact of sequencing of tamoxifen and radiation therapy (RT) on outcomes in early-stage breast cancer.This retrospective study evaluates the effect of the sequence of tamoxifen with RT on outcomes in stage I to II breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conservation treatment (BCT) and received adjuvant tamoxifen, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were grouped as concurrent (tamoxifen given during RT followed by continued tamoxifen; 174 patients) and sequential (RT followed by tamoxifen; 104 patients).Median follow-up after RT was 8.6 years for both groups. The pathologic T and N stage, race, estrogen and progesterone status, number of positive nodes, and RT were comparable between the two groups (all P >/= .08). More women age 49 years or younger and women who received chemotherapy were in the sequential group than the concurrent group (6% and 25%, respectively; P < .0001). The sequence of tamoxifen therapy did not influence 10-year local recurrence rates (sequential, 7%; concurrent, 3%; P = .52), overall survival (sequential, 86%; concurrent, 81%; P = .64), or relapse-free survival (sequential, 76%; concurrent, 85%; P = .35). When adjusting age and chemotherapy use in the multivariable Cox model, hazard ratios comparing sequential versus concurrent tamoxifen therapy were 1.56 (95% CI, 0.87 to 2.79), 1.23 (95% CI, 0.63 to 2.41), and 1.22 (95% CI, 0.33 to 4.49) for the overall survival, relapse-free survival, and local recurrence, respectively.The therapeutic regimens of tamoxifen given concurrently or sequentially with RT both appear to be reasonable options for patients treated with BCT.
Should Heroin Be Available for Pain?
Authors: William C. Farr
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I could not agree more with most of the recent COMMENTARY by John R. Lewis, PhD, "Should Heroin Be Available To Treat Severe Pain?" (240:1601, 1978). However, I believe he missed the point with respect to one specific advantage of heroin over morphine in the treatment of severe pain in patients with terminal cancer. Saunders<sup>1</sup>and Twycross<sup>2</sup>at St Christopher's Hospice in London have consistently shown that there is a distinct advantage to the use of heroin over morphine in a small, select group of patients. They are those patients who require large doses of injectable narcotics. Heroin's use is more advantageous than morphine's in that it is extremely soluble and therefore permits using a smaller injected volume (heroin, 100 mg/0.2 mL, vs morphine, 15 mg/1.0 mL). Heroin is not a more effective analgesic. In my experience with the treatment of more than 280 terminally
Hydroxyprolinemia as an Illustration of Nonessential Enzymes in Man
Authors: Darwin J. Prockop
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

The report on hydroxyprolinemia in the present issue of the Journal (page 451) dramatically illustrates an interesting error that most of us are inclined to commit in thinking about genetic defects in man. The biochemical work of the past several decades has convinced us all of the critical role of enzymes in making life possible. Also, we have been amply impressed by the devastating effects produced in man by the absence of a single enzyme such as the deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase in phenylketonuria. Accordingly, when in 1962 Efron et al.1 found a young girl with mental deficiency who had . . .
Physician Workforce Projections: Too Many or Just Right?-Reply
Authors: Richard A. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —First, the facts about population: the Bureau of the Census periodically projects the future US population, and each month it estimates what the population was 2 to 3 months earlier. Its most recent estimate (for October 1995) is only 0.2% lower than the population it projected in 1993.<sup>1</sup>(There is no 9% variance.<sup>1</sup>) The Bureau soon will release new projections covering the period 1995 through 2050, and these are within +1.0% of its 1993 projections (G. Spencer, PhD, Population Projections Branch, oral communication, January 16,1996). Thus, the bureau's official figures have not changed significantly since the publication of my article. However, they still exclude the 4 million to 5 million Americans who were undercounted in the 1990 census.<sup>2</sup>My projections include the entire population (counted and uncounted, legal and illegal). I am certain of the evidence. There is no contradiction. Second is the matter of
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty after thrombolytic therapy: A prospective controlled randomized trial
Authors: Raimund Erbel, Tiberius Pop, Karl-Jürgen Henrichs, Klaus von Olshausen, Carl J. Schuster, Hans-Jürgen Rupprecht, Claus Steuernagel, Jürgen Meyer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Chemical comparison of dried rehmannia root and prepared rehmannia root by UPLC-TOF MS and HPLC-ELSD with multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Qiande Liang, Jing Ma, Zengchun Ma, Yuguang Wang, Hongling Tan, Chengrong Xiao, Ming Liu, Beibei Lu, Boli Zhang, Yue Gao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

To identify the chemical differences which lead to the different therapeutic effects of dried rehmannia root (DRR) and prepared rehmannia root (PRR), we compared the chemical composition of decoctions of randomly purchased DRR and PRR using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) with the aid of multivariate statistical analysis. Both approaches clearly revealed compositional and quantitative differences between DRR and PRR. UPLC-MS data indicated stachyose, rehmaionoside A (or rehmaionoside B), acteoside (or forsythiaside, or isoacteoside), 6-O-coumaroylajugol (or 6-O-E-feruloylajugol, or 6-O-Z-feruloylajugol) as important discriminators between DRR and PRR decoctions. HPLC-ELSD analysis showed that the content of fructose in the decoctions of PRR was about four times greater than that of DRR (P<10−5), while sucrose content in the decoctions of PRR was only about one seventh of that in DRR (P<0.01). Our results suggest that some compounds, such as fructose, stachyose and rehmaionoside, may be responsible for the differing therapeutic effects of DRR and PRR. Furthermore, improvements in quality control for PRR, which is currently lacking in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, are recommended.
Neonatal screening for severe primary immunodeficiency diseases using high-throughput triplex real-time PCR
Authors: Stephan Borte, Ulrika von Döbeln, Anders Fasth, Ning Wang, Magdalena Janzi, Jacek Winiarski, Ulrich Sack, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Michael Borte, Lennart Hammarström
Journal: Blood (2011)
Ileocolonic Lymphomas: A Series of 16 Cases
Authors: T. Saito, H. Toyoda, M. Yamaguchi, T. Nakamura, S. Nakamura, K. Mukai, H. Fuke, Y. Wakita, M. Iwata, Y. Adachi, H. Shiku
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Colonoscopic and clinical differences between primary ileocolonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have not been defined.We reviewed colonoscopic and clinical features in eight patients with primary MALT lymphoma and eight patients with MCL in the terminal ileum and/or colorectum. All cases were examined for CD5 and/or cyclin D1 expression.Endoscopic features of MALT lymphoma were characterized as protrusions that were covered with normal-appearing mucosa with or without ulceration. The gross appearances of MALT lymphomas were categorized as solitary (4 patients), multiple (3 patients), and multiple lymphomatous polyposis (MLP) (1 patient). The gross features of MCL at endoscopy were categorized as multiple protrusions (2 patients), and MLP (6 patients). The clinical stages of patients with MCL were more advanced than in patients with MALT lymphoma.Solitary or multiple protrusions at an early clinical stage is the most common presentation pattern of patients with MALT lymphoma, but an MLP appearance at an early stage is also possible. On the other hand, MLP appearance with an advanced clinical stage is the main presentation pattern in patients with MCL, although multiple protrusions with an early clinical stage is also possible. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation including that of cyclin D1 and CD5 expression is essential to make the final diagnosis.
Ethnicity and emergency department analgesia
Authors: P. J. Mariani
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —In their study of the influence of patient ethnicity on emergency department administration of analgesia, Todd et al 1 examined the potential influence of 17 other predictor variables (Table 2). Included among these were patient insurance status, occupation, and arrival time, as well as the ethnicity and gender of the treating physician. Conspicuous by its absence from the variables examined, however, is perhaps the single most important determinant of whether an individual patient in the emergency department ought to receive analgesia: his or her level of  and distress as gauged by health providers. This would have been described in physicians' and nurses' notes and could have been reported and used to shed light on those questions of cultural influences on the expression of pain appropriately raised by the authors in the concluding paragraphs of the article. Is it the case that those study patients who received
A New Technique for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - Retrograde Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: An Analysis of 81 Cases
Authors: K. Kato, S. Kasai, M. Matsuda, K. Onodera, J. Kato, M. Imai, M. Mito, T. Saito
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Background and Study Aims: A new technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is presented here. This new method, retrograde laparoscopic cholecystectomy (RLC) from fundus to cystic duct downward, may have advantages when exposure of the cystic duct and the common duct are difficult and therefore hazardous.
Scintigraphy of Abdominal Masses with 99mTc-Labeled Red Blood Cells
Authors: DOV FRONT, RUTH HARDOFF, ORA ISRAEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

Scintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled red blood cells was performed in five patients for demonstration of normal anatomy and in 18 patients for evaluation of suspected or apparent space-occupying adbominal lesions. In 14 cases of abdominal lesions, the study demonstrated the extent, vascularity, and relation of the lesion to neighboring organs. We found the method was primarily useful for evaluating cases of retroperitoneal tumor and vascular malformation.
p53 and vascular endothelial growth factor regulate tumor growth of NOS2-expressing human carcinoma cells
Authors: Stefan Ambs, William G. Merriam, Mofolusara O. Ogunfusika, William P. Bennett, Naoko Ishibe, S. Perwez Hussain, Edith E. Tzeng, David A. Geller, Timothy R. Billiar, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Peripheral blood T cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients at diagnosis have abnormal phenotype and genotype and form defective immune synapses with AML blasts
Authors: Rifca Le Dieu, David C. Taussig, Alan G. Ramsay, Richard Mitter, Faridah Miraki-Moud, Rewas Fatah, Abigail M. Lee, T. Andrew Lister, John G. Gribben
Journal: Blood (2009)
Vasectomy and Health
Authors: Carol L. Lake
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  In their excellent retrospective study of 10,590 men for diseases or conditions related to vasectomy by an immunopathological mechanism, Massey and colleagues 1 discuss potential cardiovascular complications of the procedure in detail. These authors indicate an absence of adverse cardiovascular effects of vasectomy. However, they do not mention the possibility of adverse reactions in these patients during subsequent diagnostic or therapeutic interventions in which anticoagulation and its antagonism with protamine are used. Watson and coworkers 2 recently described an anaphylactoid reaction immediately following the administration of protamine to a vasectomized patient undergoing cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography. Pretreatment with steroids and antihistamines prevented another episode when protamine was administered during aortocoronary bypass surgery. 2 With increased use of vasectomy for birth control, and of coronary angiography, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and aortocoronary bypass grafting for coronary artery disease, the likelihood of hemodynamically significant responses to protamine merits heightened awareness
The Eisenmenger Syndrome in Adults
Authors: Wanpen Vongpatanasin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

For this article, the literature on the pathophysiology, clinical features, natural history, prognosis, and management of the Eisenmenger syndrome in adults was reviewed.English-language articles from 1966 to the present were identified through a search of the MEDLINE database by using the terms Eisenmenger, congenital heart disease, and pulmonary hypertension. Selected cross-referenced articles were also included. Articles on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, evaluation, natural history, complications, and treatment of the Eisenmenger syndrome in adults were selected, and descriptive and analytical data relevant to the practicing physician were manually extracted. The Eisenmenger syndrome is characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left shunting of blood through a systemic-to-pulmonary circulation connection. Most patients with the syndrome survive for 20 to 30 years. The hemostatic changes associated with the syndrome may lead to thromboembolic events, cerebrovascular complications, or the hyperviscosity syndrome. Erythrocytosis is present in most patients, but excessive phlebotomy may cause microcytosis and exacerbate the symptoms of hyperviscosity. Other complications associated with the Eisenmenger syndrome include hemoptysis, gout, cholelithiasis, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, and decreased renal function. Pregnancy or noncardiac surgery is associated with a high mortality rate in patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome. Because most pediatric patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome survive to adulthood, primary care physicians should have a thorough understanding of the syndrome; its associated complications; and medical and surgical management, especially with regard to the appropriate timing of phlebotomy and lung or heart-lung transplantation. In addition, patients with the syndrome should undergo routine follow-up at a tertiary care center that has physicians and nurses with special expertise in congenital heart disease. In patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome who are pregnant or require noncardiac surgery, a multidisciplinary approach should be used to reduce the excessive mortality associated with these conditions.
EU brings in new tobacco rules to deter young smokers
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The European Parliament overwhelmingly endorsed European Union legislation on 26 February that will impose new rules on the manufacture, production, and presentation of tobacco products in a bid to deter young people from taking up smoking.

In future, manufacturers will have to place prominent picture and text warnings on cigarette packets; e-cigarettes will be regulated; and flavourings to make tobacco more attractive will be banned.

Welcoming the parliament’s seal of approval of the Tobacco Products Directive, Tonio Borg, the EU public health commissioner, said, “It is all the more significant considering the …
The Studio of Emile Schuffenecker
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multisystem disorder after exposure to paint stripper (Nitromors)
Authors: B A Walker, P L Wyke
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Interaction of ethinyloestradiol with ascorbic acid SIR,-The short report by Dr D J Back and others (9 May, p 1516) is admirably conservative of your editorial space but tantalisingly incomplete.If the toxic effects of the enhancement of ethinyloestradiol plasma concentration by ascorbic acid rise in parallel with the therapeutic activity, then the net benefit is nil.Furthermore, the authors have not discussed whether there is any similar interaction with the progestogen component.The balance of oestrogenic and progestogenic activity of the combined oral contraceptives is important in relation to efficacy and probably to the incidence of adverse effects on the circulatory system.'
Short-Term Impact of Cancer Prevention and Screening Activities on Quality of Life
Authors: Jennifer Cullen, Marc D. Schwartz, William F. Lawrence, Joe V. Selby, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Purpose There are few data on the short-term effects of participating in cancer prevention activities, undergoing genetic risk assessment, or having routine screening. The objective of this article is to systematically review existing research on short-term effects of prevention, genetic counseling and testing, and screening activities on quality of life. Methods We conducted a MEDLINE search for original research studies that were published between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 2002, and conducted in North America or Western Europe. Data were abstracted and summarized using a standardized format. Results We reviewed 210 publications. Most studies focused on psychological states (anxiety, depression), symptoms, or general health status. One hundred thirty-one studies used 51 previously validated noncancer instruments. Many researchers (12.6%) also added cancer-specific measures, such as perceived cancer risk or symptom indices. Only one study measured satisfaction or quality of provider-client communication. While one report examined lost workdays, no other economic consequences of short-term outcomes were evaluated. Among seven studies that assessed short-term outcomes preferences, only four specifically used time trade-off or linear rating scale methods. No study used standard gamble or willingness-to-pay methods. The overwhelming majority of research indicated that short-term effects were transient. Only two studies linked short-term effects to long-term cancer-related health behaviors such as repeat screening. Conclusion There is considerable heterogeneity in short-term outcome measurement. Clinicians need to be aware of potential for short-term, transient adverse effects. The impact of short-term experiences should to be linked to long-term health status and use of services.
Postgraduate training in infectious diseases: investigating the current status in the international community
Authors: Fiona J Cooke, Prabha Choubina, Alison H Holmes
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2005)

International collaboration and understanding is becoming increasingly important as we face a soaring number of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Management of these conditions calls for a cohesive international effort, with contributions from many infectious disease specialists. To optimise collaborative efforts, an international understanding of training, capabilities, and skills would be valuable. An investigation of postgraduate training programmes in the infectious disease specialties around the world was done. 33 countries contributed information. 26 of these countries had established training programmes--one of which was changing its duration and research component; three were in the process of setting up programmes, two provided specialist training that had no official recognition, and two had no specialist training. In addition to promoting international understanding and collaboration, this article should catalyse a global assessment of postgraduate training programmes within the field of infectious diseases.
Diet and risk of diverticular disease in Oxford cohort of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): prospective study of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians
Authors: F. L. Crowe, P. N. Appleby, N. E. Allen, T. J. Key
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To examine the associations of a vegetarian diet and dietary fibre intake with risk of diverticular disease. <b>Design</b> Prospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> The EPIC-Oxford study, a cohort of mainly health conscious participants recruited from around the United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 47 033 men and women living in England or Scotland of whom 15 459 (33%) reported consuming a vegetarian diet. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Diet group was assessed at baseline; intake of dietary fibre was estimated from a 130 item validated food frequency questionnaire. Cases of diverticular disease were identified through linkage with hospital records and death certificates. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of diverticular disease by diet group and fifths of intake of dietary fibre were estimated with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. <b>Results</b> After a mean follow-up time of 11.6 years, there were 812 cases of diverticular disease (806 admissions to hospital and six deaths). After adjustment for confounding variables, vegetarians had a 31% lower risk (relative risk 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.86) of diverticular disease compared with meat eaters. The cumulative probability of admission to hospital or death from diverticular disease between the ages of 50 and 70 for meat eaters was 4.4% compared with 3.0% for vegetarians. There was also an inverse association with dietary fibre intake; participants in the highest fifth (≥25.5 g/day for women and ≥26.1 g/day for men) had a 41% lower risk (0.59, 0.46 to 0.78; P&lt;0.001 trend) compared with those in the lowest fifth (&lt;14 g/day for both women and men). After mutual adjustment, both a vegetarian diet and a higher intake of fibre were significantly associated with a lower risk of diverticular disease. <b>Conclusions</b> Consuming a vegetarian diet and a high intake of dietary fibre were both associated with a lower risk of admission to hospital or death from diverticular disease.
P280 LPS-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS INVOLVED IN NON-ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) INFLAMMATORY AND PRO-FIBROGENIC PATTERN
Authors: S. Ceccarelli, N. Panera, C. De Stefanis, D. Gnani, A. Crudele, C. Rychlicki, S. Petrini, M. Mina, C. Furlanello, S. De Minicis, G. Svegliati-Baroni, V. Nobili, A. Alisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)