tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pragmatic rehabilitation for chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: R. Moss-Morris, W. Hamilton
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Has a short term benefit, but supportive listening does not

Each full time general practitioner in the United Kingdom has as many as 10 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS/ME) on their list.1 Many feel they have little to offer with regard to treatment.2 Patients in turn are often left feeling misunderstood and poorly cared for.

Currently, the only evidence based treatments for this condition reviewed in the Cochrane Library and recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence are cognitive behavioural therapy and graded exercise therapy, with cognitive behavioural therapy in specialist care having the larger evidence base.3 4 5 A primary care trial of brief cognitive behavioural therapy for CFS/ME offered by general practitioners who had received simplified training in the subject was unsuccessful.6 Few patients with CFS/ME receive specialist services, partly as a result of limited access, but also because many feel that psychological treatments delegitimise their condition.2 Thus, a treatment that includes aspects of the successful treatments, but in a more pragmatic fashion with less emphasis on psychology, is an attractive proposition. But does it work?

The linked randomised controlled trial by Wearden and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.c1777), assesses pragmatic rehabilitation for CFS/ME offered in primary care.7 The rehabilitation consists of …
Food intolerance in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Clinical and histological aspects.
Authors: M A van de Laar, M Aalbers, F G Bruins, A C van Dinther-Janssen, J K van der Korst, C J Meijer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pandemic of viral pneumonia. The evolution and mutational events of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes are critical for controlling virulence, transmissibility, infectivity, severity of symptoms and mortality associated to this infectious disease. We collected and investigated 309 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from patients infected in France. Detailed genome cartography of all mutational events (SNPs, indels) was reported and correlated to clinical features of patients. A comparative analysis between our 309 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from French patients and the reference Wuhan coronavirus genome revealed 315 substitution mutations and six deletion events: ten were in 5’/3’ UTR, 178 were nonsynonymous, 126 were synonymous and one generated a stop codon. Six different deleted areas were also identified in nine viral variants. In particular, 30 substitution mutations (18 nonsynonymous) and one deletion (Δ21765-21770) concerned the spike S glycoprotein. An average of 7.8 mutational events (+/- 1.7 SD) and a median of 8 (range, 7-9) were reported per viral isolate. Comparative analyses and clustering of specific mutational signatures in 309 genomes disclose several divisions in groups and subgroups combining their geographical and phylogenetic origin. Clinical outcomes of the 309 COVID-19-infected patients were investigated according to the mutational signatures of viral variants. These findings highlight the genome dynamics of the coronavirus 2019-20 and shed light on the mutational landscape and evolution of this virus. Inclusion of the French cohort enabled us to identify 161 novel mutations never reported in SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected worldwide. These results support a global and continuing surveillance of the emerging variants of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
Disseminated Central Nervous System Nocardiosis
Authors: Megdad Zaatreh, Wael Alabulkarim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 55-year-old man presented with a two-day history of headache, fever, and generalized weakness. He had received a cadaveric kidney transplant five years earlier. His medications included 5 mg of tacrolimus twice a day and 10 mg of prednisone daily. On neurologic examination, he was confused and incoherent. Cranial nerves were normal, but he had a hazy left retina. Strength examination showed an inability to overcome minimal resistance, more prominent on the right side. Deep tendon reflexes were exaggerated. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with the administration of gadolinium showed multiple enhancing lesions in both cerebral hemispheres (Panels A . . .
Linear IgA dermatosis, coeliac disease, and extraintestinal B cell lymphoma.
Authors: A Kapur, P E Isaacs, P R Kelsey
Journal: Gut (1995)

Linear IgA dermatosis is a malignancy associated rare bullous disorder similar to dermatitis herpetiformis. Linear IgA dermatosis differs from dermatitis herpetiformis in that the IgA deposits in the epidermal basement membrane are linear rather than granular. A patient is presented with coeliac disease who presented with linear IgA dermatosis and anaemia caused by chronic low grade B cell lymphoma.
Gastric anisakiasis: an underestimated cause of acute urticaria and angio‐oedema?
Authors: None Daschner, None Alonso‐GÓmez, None Caballero, None Barranco, None Suarez‐DE‐Parga, None LÓpez‐Serrano
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Acute urticaria and angio-oedema are common in primary care and in the emergency unit. Food allergy is one possible cause. We describe gastric anisakiasis, in which symptoms are often not obviously related to eating raw fish. A study was made of patients presenting at the emergency department who had allergic symptoms such as urticaria or angio-oedema and had recently eaten raw or undercooked fish. They were divided into two groups. Patients in group A (n = 13) also had abdominal symptoms and were diagnosed as having gastric anisakiasis by fibre-optic gastroscopy where third-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were visualized and extracted. Skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex were positive. Patients in group B (n = 13) had only allergic symptoms after eating raw fish. Eleven of 13 patients had positive skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex. Three of 15 control subjects had positive skin prick tests and specific IgE to A. simplex. Allergic symptoms appeared from 2 to 20 h (mean 5.0) after ingestion in group A and from 20 min to 23 h (mean 4.3 h) in group B. Gastric symptoms in group A disappeared rapidly after extraction of the larvae. Allergic symptoms disappeared in most cases within the first 24 h. We suggest that the allergic symptoms in group A as well as in group B were mainly due to parasitization by A. simplex in sensitized patients. Gastric anisakiasis may be a widely underdiagnosed clinical entity.
Targeting adenoviral vectors using heterofunctional polyethylene glycol FGF2 conjugates
Authors: Julia Lanciotti, Antonius Song, John Doukas, Barbara Sosnowski, Glenn Pierce, Richard Gregory, Samuel Wadsworth, Catherine O'Riordan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Bifunctional PEG (polyethylene glycol) molecules provide a novel approach to retargeting viral vectors without the need to genetically modify the vector. In a previous report we showed that modification of the viral capsid by the addition of a peptide with binding preference for differentiated ciliated airway epithelia allowed gene delivery to those cells by a novel entry pathway. Here we demonstrate further the versatility of this method by coupling a protein, FGF2, to the surface of an adenovirus (Ad). This modification results in the elimination of the endogenous tropism of the virus and confers upon the virus a novel route of entry. Adenoviral vectors modified by the addition of FGF2 show enhanced efficiency of transduction of the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.ip1. This enhancement in transduction is dependent on the binding of the coupled FGF2 to its high-affinity receptor and is independent of coxsackie and adenovirus viral receptors. In an intraperitoneal model of ovarian cancer, Ad/PEG/FGF2 generates increased transgene expression in tumor tissue compared to unmodified Ad. Furthermore, polymer modification of adenovirus vectors results in reduced localization of adenovirus to nontarget tissues and a marked decrease in Th1 and Th2 T cell responses. In conclusion, the approach described here may lead to the development of a gene therapy vector capable of targeting a therapeutic gene to diseased cells, while minimizing toxicity and expression in other tissues.
HEART BLOCK AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: MURRAY H. BASS
Journal: JAMA (1918)

With the advent of the new methods of cardiac examination, many disturbances of rhythm, previously unsuspected, have been discovered in the heart during infancy and childhood. It has been shown, however, that, on the whole, the occurrence of cardiac irregularities, with the exception of sinus arrhythmia, is much more commonly found in adult life than in childhood. Of the various arrhythmias, one of the least commonly encountered in childhood is heart block. Heart block may be defined as "an abnormal heart mechanism in which there is a delay in, or absence of, response of the ventricle to auricular impulses."<sup>1</sup>The cardiac impulse normally arises in the sinus node and passes thence to the auriculoventricular node, and then down the bundle of His and its two branches to the Purkinje fibers and the muscle cells. By means of the electrocardiograph, the time taken for the impulse to travel over this
Hyaluronic acid-human blood hydrogels for stem cell transplantation
Authors: Connie Y. Chang, Angel T. Chan, Patrick A. Armstrong, Hong-Chang Luo, Takahiro Higuchi, Iossif A. Strehin, Styliani Vakrou, Xiaoping Lin, Sophia N. Brown, Brian O’Rourke, Theodore P. Abraham, Richard L. Wahl, Charles J. Steenbergen, Jennifer H. Elisseeff, M. Roselle Abraham
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Fluoridation, fractures, and teeth
Authors: H. W Hausen
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Papers pp 855, 860 

The benefits to teeth of fluoridating community water supplies are widely acknowledged.1 A comprehensive summary of the most recent evidence is included in the systematic review by McDonagh et al in this issue of the journal (p 855)2 but some concerns persist about possible adverse effects on bone.3 The paper by Phipps et al in this issue of the BMJ (p 860) introduces new evidence on the safety of fluoridating community water supplies.4 In their multicentre prospective study, Phipps et al found that ambulatory women aged 65 years or older who had been continuously exposed to fluoridated water for the past 20 years had higher bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and hip and a slightly lower risk of hip and vertebral fractures than women who had not been exposed to fluoridated water. The potential confounding effect of other factors known to be associated with fractures, such as oestrogen use, smoking, and body weight, was …
Precursors of Functional MHC Class I- or Class II-Restricted CD8αα+ T Cells Are Positively Selected in the Thymus by Agonist Self-Peptides
Authors: Andrew J Leishman, Laurent Gapin, Myriam Capone, Ed Palmer, H.Robson MacDonald, Mitchell Kronenberg, Hilde Cheroutre
Journal: Immunity (2002)
The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: William S. Pease
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1990The Carpal Tunnel SyndromeWilliam S. Pease, MDWilliam S. Pease, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-5-409_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editors: The article by Katz and colleagues (1) makes inappropriate use of its primary technical reference (2). The cited article by Stevens (2) does not recommend use of the median motor and sensory latency studies referred to by Katz and colleagues (1) in their Methods section. Quite the contrary, it reviews previously known techniques such as palmar orthodromic latency measures, as well as the use of amplitude data, in making a diagnostic determination. Others (3) have recommended comparing antidromic sensory latency values from a single hand (for example, radial compared with median). These tests are much more sensitive...References1. KatzLarsonSabra JMA. The carpal tunnel syndrome: diagnostic utility of the history and physical examination findings. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:321-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Stevens J. AAEE Minimonograph #26: the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1987;10:99-113. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. JohnsonSipskiLammertse EMT. Median and radial sensory latencies to digit I: normal values and usefulness in carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68:140-1. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. ThomasLambertCseuz JEK. Electrodiagnostic aspects of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Neurol. 1967;16:635-41. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. Kimura J. The carpal tunnel syndrome: localization of conduction abnormalities within the distal segment of the median nerve. Brain. 1979;102:619-35. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Stevens J. AAEE Minimonograph #26: the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1987;10:99-103. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William S. Pease, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFocal Peripheral NeuropathiesGENERAL PRINCIPLES AND USE OF ELECTRODIAGNOSTIC STUDIES IN CARPAL AND CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROMES 1 September 1990Volume 113, Issue 5Page: 409-409 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Epidermal interleukin I in normal skin of patients with HIV infection
Authors: B. DRENO, B. MILPIED, H. DUTARTRE, P. LITOUX
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) in the epidermis plays an important role together with Langerhans cells in the activation of the T cells. To determine whether IL-1 could be located in the normal epidermis of 54 patients with HIV infection and related to the stage of the disease, an indirect immunofluorescence technique was used. Intense epidermal fluorescence to IL-1 was noted in the asymptomatic stage II of the disease, whereas there was minimal reactivity in the other stages.
Pediatric Cardiomyopathy — A Long Way to Go
Authors: Arnold Strauss, James E. Lock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Improvements in the treatment of congenital heart disease are among the most impressive medical achievements of the second half of the 20th century. In 1950, patent ductus arteriosus and aortic coarctation were the only correctable lesions, and the likelihood that an infant who received a diagnosis of heart disease in the 1960s would survive the first year of life was only 60 percent, whether treated medically or surgically.1 Between 1979 and 1997, infant mortality from heart disease declined by 39 percent,2 and survival rates continue to improve. In many centers, one-year survival rates for infants undergoing heart surgery now exceed . . .
Lung Cancer Risk and Radiation Dose Among Women Treated for Breast Cancer
Authors: P. D. Inskip, M. Stovall, J. T. Flannery
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Evidence shows ionizing radiation can cause lung cancer, but few studies have quantified risk in relation to radiation dose. This study evaluated the longtrem risk of lung cancer among women treated with radiation for breast cancer. In this case-referent study the Connecticut Tumor Registry was used to identify women diagnosed with histologicallly confirmed invasive breast cancer between 1935 and 1971 who survived for at least 10 years(8976) and to ascertain lung cancers occuring in this group between 1945 and 1981. Seventy-six cases of lung cancer were indentified; however, 15 cases did not meet the criteria for inclusion. For the 61 remaining lung cancer case patients and 120 reference subjects(selected from the same registry and matched according to race, age at breast cancer diagnosis, year of breast cancer diagnosis, and survival without a second primary tumor), hospital charts were reviewed to collect medical history and radiotherapy information. A medical physicist estimated ratiation dose to different segments of the lungs on the basis of radiotherapy reports and experimental simualtions of treatments.Results: Fro these 10-year survivirs of breast cancer, the overall relative risk (RR0 of lung cancer associated with initial raditherapy for breast cancer was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [C1]=0.8–3.80, and the RR increased with time following treatment. The RR for periods of 15 years or more after radiotherapy was 2.8(95%C1=1.0–8.20).Mean dose was 15.2 Gy to the ipsilateral lung, 4.6 Gy to the contralateral lung, and 9.8 Gy for both lungs combined. The excess RRwas 0.08 per Gy, based on average dose to both lungs, and 0.20 per Gy to the affected (cancerous)lung. Breast cancer radiotherapy regimens in use before the 1970s were associated with an elevated lung cancer risk many years following treatment. The estimated risk co-efficients are lower than those reported for atomic bomb survivors The lower than expected risk might be attributable to high-dose cell killing or the fractionated nature of the exposure. Approximately nine cases of radiotherapy-induced lung cancer per year would be expected to occur among 10 000 women who received an average lung dose of 10 Gy and survived for at least 10 years. Current radiotherapy for breast cancer results in less extensive exposure of the lungs in comparison to treatments of years past, and the risk of secondary lung cancer need not play a major role in chemical decisions regarding treatment for bresst cancer. Nontheless, efforts to reduce unnecessary exposure of the lungs and heart should continue to further reduce possilbe adverse radiation effects.[J Natl Cancer Inst 86: 983–988, 194]
Protein Phosphatase 2A and Rapamycin Regulate the Nuclear Localization and Activity of the Transcription Factor GLI3
Authors: Sybille Krauß, John Foerster, Rainer Schneider, Susann Schweiger
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Gain-of-function alterations to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling cascade have been found in a wide range of tumors. Three SHH effectors, GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3, regulate transcription of diverse genes involved in cell growth and cell proliferation. Here, we show that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), its regulatory subunit, alpha4, and rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (mTORC1), regulate the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of GLI3. An increase in PP2A activity or treatment with rapamycin leads to cytosolic retention of GLI3 and, consequently, reduced transcription of the GLI3 target gene and cell cycle regulator, cyclin D1. Conversely, inhibition of PP2A results in increased expression of cyclin D1. In summary, our findings reveal the existence of a hitherto unrecognized molecular cross-talk between the oncogenic SHH pathway and the tumor suppressor PP2A and suggest a novel mechanism underlying the anticancerogenic effects of rapamycin.
Pseudodominant Transmission of Fructose Intolerance in an Adult and Three Offspring
Authors: Timothy M. Cox, Michael Camilleri, Martin W. O'Donnell, Vinton S. Chadwick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

HEREDITARY fructose intolerance is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting, and hypoglycemia, which follow the ingestion of fructose.1 The disorder is associated with a deficiency of aldolase B in the liver, kidney, and intestinal mucosa.2 3 4 Although fructose intolerance is generally regarded as an autosomal recessive condition, transmission of overt disease from parents to offspring in a few nonconsanguineous families has suggested the possibility of genetic heterogeneity.1 , 5 , 6 However, the exact mode of inheritance cannot be defined in the absence of suitable methods to detect putative heterozygotes.7 8 9 We report studies in an unusual family with fructose intolerance in . . .
The Surveillance of Transfusion-Associated Viral Hepatitis
Authors: James W. Mosley
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Epidemiological histories from reported cases of viral hepatitis have been collected by state and local health departments and submitted to the Communicable Disease Center. This information provided data concerning 538 cases of transfusion-associated viral hepatitis during a one-year period. The incidence of transfusion-associated viral hepatitis appears to vary markedly. For 15 states, minimal rates range from 0.0 to 2.4 per 100,000 adult population. Blood was received by 97.1% of the 538 cases and was the only material administered to 90.5%. Single-unit transfusions accounted for 16.9% of all cases. The risk of hepatitis following transfusion of pooled plasma and fibrinogen appears to be appreciably higher than that attributable to whole blood. The over-all case fatality rate was 11.2% and was 5.5% among persons under 40.
REDUCTION OF DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER BY CONTINUOUS TRACTION.
Authors: JOHN GLENDON SHELDON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Dr. L. A. Stimson<sup>1</sup>described a method of reducing recent shoulder and hip dislocations, which he used with very gratifying results. His method appealed to me as being scientific and practical; hence, I have made use of the principle in all recent cases of dislocation of those parts coming under my care since his article was published. The results were so satisfactory that I feel justified in noting them. The principle on which reduction of dislocations of the shoulder by continuous traction depends, is that the muscles are relaxed and rendered passive, thus offering no resistance to the movements of the humerus. There remains, then, only the ligaments and the atmospheric pressure to prevent reduction. The ligaments of the shoulder are so arranged that they offer no resistance to it and the looseness of the capsule is so great that the arm will fall about an inch from the scapula
Platelet and fibrin deposition on coronary stents in minipigs: Effect of hirudin versus heparin
Authors: Arnd B. Buchwald, Dirk Sandrock, Christina Unterberg, Martin Ebbecke, Klaus Nebendahl, Stefan Lüders, Dieter L. Munz, Volker Wiegand
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
761-6 PTCA in the Elderly: Epidemiology, Clinical Risk Factors and Their Relationship to Outcomes
Authors: David Wennberg, David J. Malenka, John Robb, Mirle A. Kellett Jr, Samuel Shubrooks, William A. Bradley, Michael J. Hearne, Peter VerLee, Hebe Quinton, Gerald T. O’Connor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Alterations in basal and glucose-stimulated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel activities in pancreatic beta cells of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus GK rats.
Authors: S Kato, H Ishida, Y Tsuura, K Tsuji, M Nishimura, M Horie, T Taminato, S Ikehara, H Odaka, I Ikeda, Y Okada, Y Seino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

In genetically occurring non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) model rats (GK rats), the activities of L- and T-type Ca2+ channels in pancreatic beta cells are found to be augmented, by measuring the Ba2+ currents via these channels using whole-cell patch-clamp technique, while the patterns of the current-voltage curves are indistinguishable. The hyper-responsiveness of insulin secretion to nonglucose depolarizing stimuli observed in NIDDM beta cells could be the result, therefore, of increased voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel activity. Perforated patch-clamp recordings reveal that the augmentation of L-type Ca2+ channel activity by glucose is markedly less pronounced in GK beta cells than in control beta cells, while glucose-induced augmentation of T-type Ca2+ channel activity is observed neither in the control nor in the GK beta cells. This lack of glucose-induced augmentation of L-type Ca2+ channel activity in GK beta cells might be causatively related to the selective impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion in NIDDM beta cells, in conjunction with an insufficient plasma membrane depolarization due to impaired closure of the ATP-sensitive K+ channels caused by the disturbed intracellular glucose metabolism in NIDDM beta cells.