tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
John Richard (“Ian”) Kenyon
Authors: Averil O Mansfield
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant vascular surgeon London (b 1919; q Glasgow University 1942; FRCS, ChM), died on 9 March 2004 from the long term consequences of a stroke.​stroke.




Figure 1




Ian Kenyon contributed to the growth of vascular surgery through scientific investigations on subjects such as surgery on aortic aneurysms, carotid artery stenosis, and renal transplantation. After qualifying he served with the Royal Air Force in the Middle East, rising to squadron leader. He trained at St Mary's, Paddington, where he became a consultant, remaining until his retirement. In the early 1980s he became president of the Vascular Surgical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Aside from surgery, he had two major interests. The first was rugby and the second was model steam trains, and he built a railway track around the five acres of his garden. He leaves a wife, Elaine.
Reduction in Foot Ulcer Incidence
Authors: Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual, Alejandra Durán, Angeles Benedí, Maria I. Calvo, Aniceto Charro, Jose A. Diaz, Jose R. Calle, Esther Gil, Jose Ibarra, Juan P. Marañes, Jose Cabezas-Cerrato
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Diabetic foot lesions are one of the most serious causes of morbidity among diabetic people and often require a long hospital stay. Despite intensive therapy, many of these patients will require a lower-extremity amputation (LEA), with a high economic and social cost. The estimated cost due to LEAs in diabetic patients in Spain was 5,289 million pesetas ($39.5 million U.S.) (1). Area 7 in Madrid has the lowest LEA incidence of all Caucasian populations (2), with a progressive decline since 1989, reaching a ≥50% decrease in 1997. Preventive strategies are mainly focused on early peripheral neuropathy detection, diagnosed by a neuropathy disability score (NDS) ≥6. Diabetic people diagnosed with neuropathy are then included in a continuous prophylactic foot care program (FP). This program has been available in our area since 1993. Our study assessed the effectiveness of the FP in reducing the foot ulcer incidence in diabetic patients included in this program between 1993 and 1996 and in the follow-up completed in December 1999.

We designed a prospective clinic-based study in which all diabetic patients who attended the outpatient clinic of the endocrinology service and who were diagnosed as having peripheral neuropathy based on an NDS ≥6 were included in a screening and prophylactic FP. The NDS is included in the standards of medical care for diabetic people from area 7 in Madrid (population of 565,000). The number of people with diagnosed diabetes is estimated to be ∼ 19,000.

The design of the screening program has been described previously elsewhere (3). In short, we recruited diabetic patients with an NDS ≥6 who were considered to be suffering from peripheral neuropathy according to standard criteria (4). All of these diabetic patients were tested for peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and morphological plantar deformities; for visual and motor capacity that enabled them to …
Endoscopic band ligation to create an omental patch for closure of a colonic perforation
Authors: P. Angsuwatcharakon, P. Thienchanachaiya, L. Pantongrag-Brown, R. Rerknimitr
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 56-year-old woman underwent colonoscopy for colorectal cancer surveillance. At a difficult rectosigmoid turn, a 1.5-cm perforation developed, but application of two endoscopic clips (HX-610-090 L, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) failed to close the perforation because of the awkward angle ([Fig. 1]). A banding device (MBL-6, Wilson-Cook, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA) loaded on a gastroscope was then used to suck the nearby omentum to complete closure of the perforation, aided by one of the clips serving as a landmark to pinpoint the location of the perforation ([Fig. 2]). Subsequently, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the whole abdomen with rectal contrast revealed pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and right pneumothorax, and confirmed absence of contrast leakage ([Fig. 3]). The patient was admitted and the pneumothorax was successfully treated with conservative measures, that is, the patient had no oral intake for 1 week and was given broad-spectrum antibiotics. After another 2 days, she was able to tolerate a step-up diet and was discharged. At the 1-month follow-up she had no complaints and reported normal bowel movement.
Low doses of bisphenol a induce gene expression related to lipid synthesis and trigger triglyceride accumulation in adult mouse liver
Authors: Alice Marmugi, Simon Ducheix, Frédéric Lasserre, Arnaud Polizzi, Alain Paris, Nathalie Priymenko, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Thierry Pineau, Hervé Guillou, Pascal G.P. Martin, Laïla Mselli-Lakhal
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Changes in lifestyle are suspected to have strongly influenced the current obesity epidemic. Based on recent experimental, clinical, and epidemiological work, it has been proposed that some food contaminants may exert damaging effects on endocrine and metabolic functions, thereby promoting obesity and associated metabolic diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this work, we investigated the effect of one suspicious food contaminant, bisphenol A (BPA), in vivo. We used a transcriptomic approach in male CD1 mice exposed for 28 days to different doses of BPA (0, 5, 50, 500, and 5,000 μg/kg/day) through food contamination. Data analysis revealed a specific impact of low doses of BPA on the hepatic transcriptome, more particularly on genes involved in lipid synthesis. Strikingly, the effect of BPA on the expression of de novo lipogenesis followed a nonmonotonic dose-response curve, with more important effects at lower doses than at the higher dose. In addition to lipogenic enzymes (Acc, Fasn, Scd1), the expression of transcription factors such as liver X Receptor, the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, and the carbohydrate responsive element binding protein that govern the expression of lipogenic genes also followed a nonmonotonic dose-response curve in response to BPA. Consistent with an increased fatty acid biosynthesis, determination of fat in the liver showed an accumulation of cholesteryl esters and of triglycerides.Our work suggests that exposure to low BPA doses may influence de novo fatty acid synthesis through increased expression of lipogenic genes, thereby contributing to hepatic steatosis. Exposure to such contaminants should be carefully examined in the etiology of metabolic diseases such as NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Pgs28 belongs to a family of epidermal growth factor-like antigens that are targets of malaria transmission-blocking antibodies.
Authors: P E Duffy, P Pimenta, D C Kaslow
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Although Pgs28, a 28-kD surface protein of Plasmodium gallinaceum oökinetes, was previously thought not to be a target of transmission-blocking antibodies, we found that polyclonal antisera to Pgs28 completely blocked parasite infectivity to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Antisera raised against reduced Pgs28 were less effective in blocking transmission than were antisera to nonreduced Pgs28; thus, the target epitope(s) of transmission-blocking antibodies appears to be conformation dependent. In stage-specific assays, polyclonal antisera impaired the in vitro transformation of zygotes to mature oökinetes, as well as the in vivo development of mature oökinetes to oöcysts. Using microsequence of immunoaffinity-purified Pgs28, we cloned the 666-bp open reading frame of the Pgs28 gene. The deduced amino acid sequence of Pgs28 is strikingly similar to that of a P. gallinaceum zygote surface protein, Pgs25, and its P. falciparum analogue, Pfs25. Pgs28, like Pgs25 and Pfs25, has a presumptive secretory signal sequence, followed by four epidermal growth factor-like domains, and a terminal hydrophobic region.
Prolonged early G1 arrest by selective CDK4/CDK6 inhibition sensitizes myeloma cells to cytotoxic killing through cell cycle–coupled loss of IRF4
Authors: Xiangao Huang, Maurizio Di Liberto, David Jayabalan, Jun Liang, Scott Ely, Jamieson Bretz, Arthur L. Shaffer, Tracey Louie, Isan Chen, Sophia Randolph, William C. Hahn, Louis M. Staudt, Ruben Niesvizky, Malcolm A. S. Moore, Selina Chen-Kiang
Journal: Blood (2012)
The "Assistance Publique" of Paris.
Authors: A. D. Mewborn
Journal: JAMA (1900)

to submit, without a murmur, to whatever fate the Creator may send to him.In my observation in the plague hospitals at Bombay, I saw many cases that illustrate the great difficulties with which an early diagnosis of this disease is beset.In fact, patients are often received into general hospitals and treated for other diseases, especially for lung troubles, who really have bubonic plague.Several cases of this kind were received during the last year in the Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy Hospital, through a mistaken diagnosis, and in this way two nurses and one young physician lost their lives.Attached to every plague hospital is a detention ward where
High rate of co-infection with different hepatitis C virus subtypes in HIV-infected intravenous drug addicts in Spain
Authors: Vicenç Soriano, Sayah Nedjar, Javier García-Samaniego, Rosa Bravo, Angeles Castro, Juan González, Pedro Martínez-Odriozola, José Pedreira, Jorge del Romero, Dolores Suárez, Josep Ma Llibre, Juan González-Lahoz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)
Activated Notch counteracts Ikaros tumor suppression in mouse and human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: M T Witkowski, L Cimmino, Y Hu, T Trimarchi, H Tagoh, M D McKenzie, S A Best, L Tuohey, T A Willson, S L Nutt, M Busslinger, I Aifantis, G K Smyth, R A Dickins
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Sleeping sickness—a growing problem?
Authors: Jean G Jannin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

This Ugandan sleeping sickness research is timely.1 After five years of intensified control, the human African trypanosomiasis landscape has changed. Before 2000, the sleeping sickness epidemic was spreading in Africa. Approximately half a million people living in the poorest areas were expected to be infected by this killer disease. Early detection of cases, before the parasites start to destroy the central nervous system, is essential for effective treatment. This is the only way to avoid using existing potent drugs (melarsoprol) or drugs that are very difficult to administer in remote areas (eflornithine requires an infusion every six hours for 14 days). In 2000, the availability of drugs was threatened and the treatment of patients challenged. The establishment of a large …
Acquired von Willebrand's syndrome: A single institution experience
Authors: Shaji Kumar, Rajiv K. Pruthi, William L. Nichols
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Acquired von Willebrand's disease or syndrome (AVWS) is a rare bleeding disorder distinguished from congenital von Willebrand's disease by age at presentation and absence of personal and family history of bleeding disorders. We report on 22 patients with AVWS seen over 25 years. Mean age at diagnosis was 61.3 years (range 38–86 years); most patients had a spontaneous or a post‐operative hemorrhage at presentation. Gastrointestinal bleeding and epistaxis were the most common spontaneous symptoms. Bleeding time was prolonged in most patients, associated with marked reductions in plasma von Willebrand factor antigen and ristocetin cofactor activity. Plasma VWF multimer distribution was normal (type 1 pattern) in 5 patients, indeterminate (no multimers detectable) in 6 patients (type 3 pattern), and abnormal (decreased higher‐molecular‐weight multimers, type 2 pattern) in 11 patients. None of 17 patients tested had an inhibitor of ristocetin cofactor activity. An underlying malignant or benign hematologic disease was found in 18 patients, and 1 patient had Crohn's disease. Desmopressin was effective in only half the patients so treated, but all patients responded to treatment with VWF‐containing concentrates. Resolution of AVWS occurred with therapy of lymphoma (1 patient) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1 patient). Sixteen patients were alive at last follow‐up; no deaths were related to bleeding. AVWS may be more prevalent than has been appreciated; we estimate up to 0.04%. Awareness of the existence of AVWS is essential for diagnosis and appropriate management. Therapy of associated diseases may improve the bleeding disorder. Am. J. Hematol. 72:243–247, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antioxidant: a new role for RU-486 and related compounds.
Authors: S Parthasarathy, A J Morales, A A Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

RU-486 (17 beta-hydroxy-4-dimethylaminophenyl-17-alpha-propenyl estrone 4,9 diene-3-one; mifepristone) is suggested to act by binding to progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors. Based on its chemical nature, we anticipated that RU-486 may have potent antioxidant properties. We used the oxidation of LDL as our model system. RU-486 and a similar compound, onapristone, at 1-5-microM concentrations, decreased the formation of oxidized LDL. LDL isolated from plasma of subjects who were orally supplemented with RU-486 was resistant to oxidation, as compared to LDL isolated from control plasma. The antioxidant effect of RU-486 appears to reside in the dimethylaminophenyl side chain moiety. Reduction of the A-ring of the steroid molecule had no effect on its antioxidant property. Analogs of RU-486 which lack the dimethylaminophenyl group, were without antioxidant activity. Levonorgestrel, which lacks the dimethylaminophenyl group failed to inhibit the oxidation of LDL even at 100-microM levels. In contrast, ethinylestradiol and estradiol which do not possess the dimethylamino group, were able to inhibit the oxidation of LDL by virtue of their phenolic steroid "A" ring. Thus RU-486, with its long half life, high plasma concentrations, association with lipoproteins, and ability to readily enter the cell may have additional intra- and extra-cellular antioxidant effects.
A British Medical Association Lecture ON SOME RECENT ADVANCES IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION, RENAL SECRETION, AND CIRCULATION
Authors: J. S. Haldane
Journal: BMJ (1921)

IN this lecture I shall endeavour to summarize tlle results of a number of recent investigations, with most of which I lhave been closely associated, on respiration, renal excretion, and circulation, and to point out, as far as I am able, their significance in helping us to understand the symptoms of disease and the real characters of that marvellous living body with wlicih our profession has to deal.I will begin with respiration, as it was from the side of respiration that I myself, in conjunction with Professor Lorrain Smith;
In Vivo Myogenic Potential of Human CD133+ Muscle-derived Stem Cells: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Elisa Negroni, Ingo Riederer, Soraya Chaouch, Marzia Belicchi, Paola Razini, James Di Santo, Yvan Torrente, Gillian S Butler-Browne, Vincent Mouly
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

In recent years, numerous reports have identified in mouse different sources of myogenic cells distinct from satellite cells that exhibited a variable myogenic potential in vivo. Myogenic stem cells have also been described in humans, although their regenerative potential has rarely been quantified. In this study, we have investigated the myogenic potential of human muscle-derived cells based on the expression of the stem cell marker CD133 as compared to bona fide satellite cells already used in clinical trials. The efficiency of these cells to participate in muscle regeneration and contribute to the renewal of the satellite cell pool, when injected intramuscularly, has been evaluated in the Rag2(-/-) gammaC(-/-) C5(-/-) mouse in which muscle degeneration is induced by cryoinjury. We demonstrate that human muscle-derived CD133+ cells showed a much greater regenerative capacity when compared to human myoblasts. The number of fibers expressing human proteins and the number of human cells in a satellite cell position are all dramatically increased when compared to those observed after injection of human myoblasts. In addition, CD133+/CD34+ cells exhibited a better dispersion in the host muscle when compared to human myoblasts. We propose that muscle-derived CD133+ cells could be an attractive candidate for cellular therapy.
Alcohol and the Driver
Authors: Russel Falck
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The recommendations made by the Council on Scientific Affairs 1 in regard to drinking and driving are well thought out and should serve as a guide for legislators in formulating future policy decisions addressing this serious social problem. One wonders, however, whether more can be done.  Since the 16- to 17-year-old age group is grossly overrepresented in automobile and alcohol-related accidents and fatalities, it may be prudent to consider additional means for reducing this group's risk. One such measure would be the elimination of driver education courses, which result in large numbers of teenagers taking to the road before their 18th birthdays. The state of Connecticut eliminated funding for such courses in 1976, and nine school systems subsequently dropped driver education courses from their curricula. The result was a substantial reduction in automobile accidents involving 16- and 17-year-olds in those localities where courses were no longer offered.
Myofibroblasts and S-100 protein positive cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial pneumonia
Authors: T Yoshinouchi, Y. Ohtsuki, R. Ueda, S. Sato, N Ueda
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can be distinguished from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial pneumonia (RA-IP) by means of quantitatively assessing myofibroblasts and S-100 protein positive dendritic cells. Seven patients with IPF and twelve with RA, in whom the pathological findings were consistent with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) were studied. Antibodies to vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and S-100 protein were used for immunohistochemical studies performed using the streptavidin/biotin/peroxidase complex method, applied to dewaxed sections from each case. In fibrosis of RA-IP, appearance of both vimentin- and alpha-SMA-positive cells, namely myofibroblasts, was widely observed, together with the pathological patterns of honeycombing, UIP and bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia (BOOP). Fibrosis, in cases of chronic IPF, was found to be characterized mainly by vimentin-positive but alpha-SMA-negative fibroblasts. Pulmonary tissues from RA-IP patients especially when associated with a BOOP pattern, contained many cells positive for S-100 protein. However, such cells were generally hard to find in cases of IPF. These findings suggests that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial pneumonia can be differentiated from each other, to some extent, based on the appearance of myofibroblasts and the presence of S-100-positive dendritic cells.
Leukaemia and nuclear installations.
Authors: V Beral
Journal: BMJ (1990)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Screening for varices with two yearly gastroscopy is recommended practise for all patients with liver cirrhosis. Prevalence of oesophageal or gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis varies in the literature from 30–70%. The Aim of this study was to analyse if the result of transient elastography (TE) can be used to predict the risk of developing gastric and/or oeosphageal varices in cirrhotic patients. We compared this data with endoscopic and radiological evidence of portal hypertension. <h3>Methods</h3> We analysed data of 807 patients who underwent TE examination at East Cheshire NHS Trust and identified 103 patients with suspected liver cirrhosis (liver stiffness score of &gt;12.5 kPa). The cut off F4 liver fibrosis/cirrhosis varies between 14.5 kPa to 18.2 kPa for different aetiologies of liver cirrhosis. We evaluated results of TE against upper GI endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound/CT. <h3>Results</h3> 26% of patients with F4 liver fibrosis/cirrhosis were found to have oesophageal/gastric varices at endoscopy. A total of 37% patients had evidence of portal hypertension on USS or CT. Only 41% of patients with splenomegaly were found to have oesophageal/gastric varices. 78% of those found to have varices had a liver stiffness score of &gt;25 KPa. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We postulate that TE helps us to stratify a patient’s risk of developing oesophageal/gastric varices, according to their liver stiffness score. The likelihood of developing oesophageal/gastric varcies increases with increased liver stiffness. Patients with liver stiffness scores lower than 25kPa may avoid unnecessary upper GI endoscopy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Tobacco companies violated advertising restriction
Authors: B. Guthrie
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Despite its being a specific target in the Health of the Nation strategy, the prevalence of smoking among teenagers has risen in the past two years.1 Three years ago the chief economic adviser to the Department of Health concluded that tobacco advertising increased tobacco consumption.2 The government's response was to renegotiate the voluntary agreement limiting the advertising and promotion of tobacco.3 Assessment of whether advertisements “play on the susceptibilities of … the young and immature” or “incite people to start smoking”3 is difficult, but compliance …
Quality Measures and Electronic Medical Systems
Authors: Clement J. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A NEW OPERATION FOR REMOVAL OF CANCER OF THE RECTUM.
Authors: MATTHEW D. MANN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The situation of the rectum, placed as it is deep in the bony pelvis, makes it very difficult of access for surgical purposes. Thus far, three routes have been proposed for its removal. As yet no definite decision has been arrived at as to which of these is the best. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and each has its advocates. The posterior operation, as Murphy very properly says, is difficult, dangerous, and in many respects unsatisfactory; the mortality, he quotes as 21.2 per cent. The latest proposal for professional favor is that made by Dr. J. B. Murphy.<sup>1</sup>His operation is the resection of the rectum through the vagina. Although the idea of operating by this route is not original with him, yet for the perfected form of the operation we must give him the credit. Murphy's operation seems to have many advantages over the transsacral method. There