tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade impairs dendritic cell survival and function in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Helen M Baldwin, Toshiko Ito-Ihara, John D Isaacs, Catharien M U Hilkens
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) blockade is an effective therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The immunomodulatory effects of TNFα antagonists are thought to contribute to their therapeutic action. This study investigated whether anti-TNFα therapeutics exerted their immunoregulatory effects through modulation of dendritic cell (DC) function. <h3>Methods</h3> Two complementary approaches were taken: in the first 'in vitro' approach monocyte-derived DC from healthy donors were matured with lipopolysaccharide and treated with TNFα antagonists in vitro for 48 h. In the second 'ex vivo' approach monocyte-derived DC were generated from RA patients before and 8–12 weeks into anti-TNFα treatment. DC were analysed for survival, phenotype, cytokine production and T-cell stimulatory capacity. <h3>Results</h3> TNFα blockade during DC maturation in vitro induced approximately 40% of DC to undergo apoptosis. Importantly, the surviving DC displayed a semimature phenotype with reduced levels of HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, CD86 and CCR7, and their production of IL-10 was enhanced compared with DC matured without TNFα antagonists. Furthermore, anti-TNFα-treated DC were poor stimulators of T-cell proliferation and polarised T-cell development towards a higher IL-10/lower IFNγ cytokine profile. Similarly, DC derived from RA patients after anti-TNFα treatment showed impaired upregulation of CD80 and CD86 upon lipopolysaccharide activation and displayed poor T-cell stimulatory activity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The data show that TNFα blockade has profound effects on DC function with downstream, potentially immunoregulatory, effects on T cells. These data provide an interesting new insight into the potential mechanism by which anti-TNFα drugs contribute to the restoration of immunoregulation in RA patients.
Book Review Medicine and Compassion: A Tibetan Lama's Guidance for Caregivers By Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche, with David R. Shlim. 181 pp. Somerville, Mass., Wisdom Publications, 2004. $21.95. 0-86171-478-4
Authors: Ted J. Kaptchuk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)
Deficiency in nitric oxide bioactivity in epicardial coronary arteries of cigarette smokers
Authors: Kiyotaka Kugiyama, Hirofumi Yasue, Masamichi Ohgushi, Takeshi Motoyama, Hiroaki Kawano, Yoshito Inobe, Osamu Hirashima, Seigo Sugiyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
702 RETROGRADE INFUSION OF THE BILIARY DUCT TREE WITH CARBOXYFLUORESCEIN DIACETATE SUCCINIMIDYL ESTER (CFDA-SE) FOR VITAL STAINING OF BILE DUCTS AND ISOLATION OF VITAL CHOLANGIOCYTES
Authors: G. Pryymachuk, E. Polykandriotis, S. Schiefenbusch, D. Nierhoff, H.-M. Curth, M. Odenthal, T. Goeser, W.F. Neiss, H.-M. Steffen, U. Toex
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Disease Related Outcome with Long Term Follow-Up: An Updated Analysis of the Intergroup Exemestane Study (IES).
Authors: J. Bliss, L. Kilburn, R. Coleman, J. Forbes, A. Coates, S. Jones, J. Jassem, T. Delozier, J. Andersen, R. Paridaens, R. Coombes
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: IES is an investigator-led study in 4724 postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer (sponsored by Pfizer Ltd; ISRCTN11883920) that has already demonstrated significant, clinically important benefits from switching adjuvant endocrine therapy after 2-3 years tamoxifen (T) to exemestane (E) (NEJM 2004, Lancet 2007). With longer follow-up the sensitivity of a disease free survival analysis may be reduced by the increasing number of non breast cancer-related deaths. Analysis of breast cancer free survival (BCFS), censoring intercurrent deaths, provides a sensitive estimate of the true impact of an adjuvant intervention on breast cancer outcome.Materials and methods: Patients who were disease-free after 2-3 years of adjuvant T, were randomized to continue T or switch to E to complete a total of 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy. At the time of this planned analysis in June 2009, the median follow-up was 91 months, and 91% of surviving patients had ≥6 years followup. The analysis focuses on 4052 pts known to be ER positive (+) and 547 with ER unknown (unk) tumors. The remaining 125 patients now known to be ER negative are excluded from this analysis.Results: 933 BCFS events have been reported (E=425 T=508) giving an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.81 (95%CI: 0.71, 0.92); p=0.001 in favor of E in the ER+ and ER unk groups. With mature follow-up, the benefits of E appear similar in the ER unk and ER+ sub-groups (HR=0.85 95%CI (0.60, 1.20); p=0.36 and HR=0.80 95%CI (0.70, 0.92); p=0.002 respectively). Similarly, all other prognostic subgroups show consistency with the overall BCFS effect. An analysis partitioned at 2.5 years post randomization showed the on-treatment BCFS benefit of switching to E (HR=0.60 95%CI (0.48, 0.75); p&amp;lt;0.0001) was maintained post-treatment (HR=0.94 95%CI (0.80, 1.10); p=0.46). Continuing improvement in OS was demonstrated, with E=352 versus T=405 deaths (HR=0.86, 95%CI (0.75, 0.99); p=0.04). Of these, 219 were reported as intercurrent deaths (E=105, T=114).Conclusions: The protective effect of switching to E, compared with continuing on T, on relapse rate is maintained for at least 5 years post treatment completion. Associated with this is a continuing benefit on overall survival. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 12.
Presence of left ventricular systolic asynchrony in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: A selection criterium for biventricular pacing in congestive heart failure?
Authors: G. Blazek, M. Gessner, C. Dornaus, W. Kainz, M. Gruska, E. Kunschitz, G. Gaul, H. Nobis
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Recanalization in a Coronary Artery Thrombus
Authors: Donald A. Spring
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Recanalization in a thrombus obstructing the left anterior descending coronary artery was observed in a young man who sustained a transmural myocardial infarction at age 29. An excellent hemodynamic response to exercise stress testing was noted four years after infarction, despite a large left ventricular scar. Analysis of the coronary cineangiograms revealed two discrete vascular channels coursing through an apparent thrombosis at the site of an atherosclerotic segment of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery.
Evidence for a Slowed Rate of Molecular Evolution in the Order Acipenseriformes
Authors: Jeannette Krieger, Paul A. Fuerst
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

A test of the hypothesis that the members of the order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefishes) possess a slowed rate of molecular evolution was carried out by conducting relative-rate comparisons with representatives of four groups of teleost fishes (Cypriniformes, Elopomorpha, Salmonidae, and Percomorpha) using 21 nuclear or mitochondrial protein loci and the nuclear and mitochondrial small subunit rRNA genes, obtained from the literature or our own research. In 70 out of 81 comparisons between individual taxa (86%), acipenseriform sequences showed slower rates of change than the homologous teleost loci examined. When teleost sequences are considered together, 21 of the 23 loci show slower rates of substitution in the acipenseriform lineage. Teleost proteins show 1.85 times as many unique amino acid differences as acipenseriform proteins, when both are compared with outlier sequences. These results support a hypothesis of slowed molecular evolutionary rate in the Acipenseriformes.
Primary Jejunal Adenocarcinoma Incidentally Diagnosed on Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in a Patient With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Suspicion of Lynch Syndrome and Effect on Therapeutic Management
Authors: Wulfran Cacheux, Astrid Lièvre, Pascale Mariani, Vincent Servois, Fereshteh Farkhondeh, Etienne Rouleau, Bruno Buecher, Slavomir Petras
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
Peripheral vascular resistance and angiotensin II levels during pulsatile and no-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass.
Authors: K M Taylor, W H Bain, M Russell, J J Brannan, I J Morton
Journal: Thorax (1979)

The effects of pulsatile and non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on levels of peripheral vascular resistance and plasma angiotensin II (AII) have been studied in 24 patients submitted to elective cardiac surgical procedures. Twelve patients had conventional non-pulsatile perfusion throughout the period of CPB (non-pulsatile group), while 12 had pulsatile perfusion during the central period of total CPB, using the Stockert pulsatile pump system (pulsatile group). There were no significant differences between the groups in respect of age, weight, bypass time, cross-clamp time, or in mean pump flow or mean perfusion pressure at the onset of CPB. Peripheral vascular resistance index (PVRI) and plasma AII levels were measured at the onset of total CPB and at the end of total CPB. In the non-pulsatile group PVRI rose from 19.6 units to 29.96 units during perfusion. In the pulsatile group PVRI showed little change from 20.89 units to 21.45 units during perfusion (P less than 0.001). Plasma AII levels (normal less than 35 pg/ml) rose during perfusion from 49 pg/ml to 226 pg/ml in the non-pulsatile group. The rise in the pulsatile group from 44 pg/ml to 98 pg/ml was significantly smaller than that in the non-pulsatile group (P less than 0.01). These results indicate that pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass prevents the rise in PVRI associated with non-pulsatile perfusion, and that this effect may be achieved by preventing excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin system, thus producing significantly lower plasma concentrations of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II.
Downregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in atherosclerotic plaque: Role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and PPARγ
Authors: Tao Peng Jie Du, Koichi Ono, Hiroyuki Itabe, Yusuke Higashi, Arkady Goubine, Patrice Delafontaine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Relationships Before and After Cardiomyoplasty in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: J.J. Schreuder, F.H. van der Veen, E.T. van der Velde, F. Delahaye, O. Alfieri, O. Jegaden, R. Lorusso, J.R.C. Jansen, S.A.A.P. Hoeksel, G. Finet, M. Volterrani, H.-G. Kaulbach, J. Baan, H.J.J. Wellens
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The aim of this study was to elucidate whether beneficial effects of cardiomyoplasty (CMP) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy are the result of a decrease in existing ventricular dilatation or a prevention of further dilatation. Methods and Results Combined micromanometer-conductance catheters were used to evaluate left ventricular pressure-volume relationships in six patients with dilated cardiomyopathy before and at 6 and 12 months after CMP. Acute changes in preload and afterload were induced by a standardized leg-tilting intervention and a bolus infusion of nitroglycerin. After CMP, end-diastolic volume (EDV) decreased from 138±10 to 103±18 mL/m 2 ( P &lt;.01) at 6 months and to 83±17 mL/m 2 ( P &lt;.01) at 12 months. End-diastolic pressure (EDP) decreased from 20.2±6.4 to 13.9±7.7 mm Hg ( P &lt;.01) at 6 months after CMP. Peak ejection rate and ejection fraction increased at 6 months after CMP from 594±214 to 799±214 mL/s ( P &lt;.05) and from 26.6±4.7% to 40.1±8.3% ( P &lt;.05), respectively. Peak −dP/dt decreased at 12 months after CMP from −842±142 to −712±168 mm Hg/s ( P &lt;.05). Leg-tilting before CMP increased EDP from 20.2±6.4 to 25.6±5.2 mm Hg ( P &lt;.01), end-systolic pressure (ESP) from 118±17 to 122±17 mm Hg ( P &lt;.05), and τ from 50.8±2.8 to 53.8±2.3 ms ( P &lt;.05). Six months after CMP, leg-tilting also increased EDV from 103±18 to 110±22 mL/m 2 ( P &lt;.05) and ESV from 62±14 to 66±14 mL/m 2 ( P &lt;.05). Before CMP, nitroglycerin decreased EDP from 20.2±6.4 to 10.4±3.8 mm Hg ( P &lt;.01), ESP from 118±17 to 96±11 mm Hg ( P &lt;.05), ESV from 100±11 to 89±7 mL/m 2 ( P &lt;.05), and τ from 50.8±2.8 to 44.5±3.7 ms ( P &lt;.05). Six months after CMP, nitroglycerin decreased EDP, ESP, and τ to similar values. Conclusions Our findings show that up to 1 year after CMP, marked decreases in left ventricular volume are present. Our measurements suggest that CMP actively reduced the dilated ventricle but did not prevent a higher EDV on an increased venous return. The latissimus dorsi muscle wrap contraction results in better synchronization of contraction and more rapid emptying of the left ventricle.
Reversibility of Fenofibrate Therapy–Induced Renal Function Impairment in ACCORD Type 2 Diabetic Participants
Authors: Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Timothy Craven, Uma Nayak, John Buse, John R. Crouse, Marshall Elam, Kent Kirchner, Daniel Lorber, Santica Marcovina, William Sivitz, JoAnn Sperl-Hillen, Denise E. Bonds, Henry N. Ginsberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

To assess the reversibility of the elevation of serum creatinine levels in patients with diabetes after 5 years of continuous on-trial fenofibrate therapy.
GUNSHOT WOUND OF THE BLADDER
Authors: Montague L. Boyd
Journal: JAMA (1927)

It seems extraordinary that a bullet could pass through a man's pelvis and not injure any important structure except the bladder. It is also astonishing that in spite of the fact that the bullet passed through the bladder no blood was found in the urine until forty-eight hours after the injury. Early Thanksgiving morning of last year a healthy, large man, aged 42, while hunting, was accidently shot in the left buttock with a 22 rifle. Immediately an aching pain began in the rectum, and he had some pain in the right hip and thigh, which was worse on walking. Though the discomfort in the rectum and the aching pain in the right thigh continued, and he had to have morphine for relief, he had no other symptoms of trouble except fever. The afternoon of the day of the injury his temperature rose to 101.2 F.; the next day it was 99
Isolation of Coxsackie Virus Group A, Type 4, from a Patient with Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Lowell A. Glasgow, Piero Balduzzi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE hemolytic-uremic syndrome is an illness of unknown etiology occurring in infants and children, characterized by acute renal disease, thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia. Since the first identification of the syndrome as a clinical entity by Gasser and his co-workers1 in 1955, more than 60 cases have been reported.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The frequent association of the onset of this syndrome with respiratory and gastrointestinal-tract infections suggests a possible etiologic relation.The present report describes the isolation of a Coxsackie virus Group A, Type 4, from an infant with gastroenteritis in association with the onset of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome.Case ReportT.P., a 16-month-old . . .
TCT-866 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease: Results from the Milan Registry
Authors: Gill Buchanan, Azeem Latib, Alaide Chieffo, Francesco Maisano, Matteo Montorfano, Micaela Cioni, Filippo Figini, Mauro Carlino, Chiara Bernelli, Santo Ferrarello, Alessandro Durante, Annalisa Franco, Remo Covello, Chiara Gerli, Giovanni La Canna, Eustachio Agricola, Pietro Spagnolo, Ottavio Alfieri, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
"Equal" and "More Equal"
Authors: Samuel Vee
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was delighted to read in your editorial "True" and "More True" (<b>214</b>:1697, 1970) that terms such as "true," "round," "square," or "straight" admit of comparison in our ordinary empirical world of things that we see and hear. No longer need I correct my little son when he tells me that I am "less perfect" than mommy, or to reprimand my teen-age daughter who informs me that I am "more square" than the "squarest square" on the campus. As I get older, the circle of my friends gets "less circular," and my "eternal triangles," "less eternal" and "less triangular." And, although my reasoning is becoming "more circular," I challenge anyone to prove that I am "more impotent" or "less equal" than anybody else.
Value of infarct-specific isotope (99mTc-labelled stannous pyrophosphate) in myocardial scanning.
Authors: J T Ennis, M J Walsh, J M Mahon
Journal: BMJ (1975)

With the use of 99mTc-labelled stannous pyrophosphate scans positive for myocardial infarction were obtained from 28 patients in the acute stage of the disease. In some cases the scan was positive when the initial electrocardiogram gave equivocal results. Negative scans were obtained from a control group of patients and from eight patients in hospital with chest pain but with no other evidence of recent myocardial infarction.
CERTAIN FACTS CONCERNING FAUCIAL TONSILS.
Authors: CHARLES M. ROBERTSON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Preventive medicine is the most important part of our work as physicians. Experimentation and research is being conducted in every branch of medicine. Efforts to prolong life by making foods of more nutritious character, physical development to produce greater resisting power of the individual and the prevention of bodily ill and dissolution by unfavorable conditions, are being studied by all scientists. As specialists we are aware of many conditions which may and do impair our health and it becomes of interest to all to have a full understanding of things pertaining thereto. I therefore present some observations made in the last few years on the entrance of tuberculosis into the general system, with special reference to the faucial tonsil. While my work may not be new in any particular, it is at least original and I submit it therefore to your consideration. In order to understand the gland which we
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia Among Patients Without AIDS at a Cancer Hospital
Authors: Kent A. Sepkowitz
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To determine the predisposing factors, attack rate by underlying disease, and outcome of<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>pneumonia among patients without the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at a cancer center. <h3>Data Source.</h3> —Twelve-year retrospective review from a tertiary-care cancer center. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —One hundred forty patients, constituting 142 cases, with morphologically proved<i>P carinii</i>pneumonia. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Hematologic malignancy (47%) (including lymphoma [27%] and leukemia [18%]), solid tumor (31 %), or bone marrow transplantation (18%) was the underlying condition in the majority of cases. Twenty-five cases (18%) were diagnosed at autopsy. All but seven patients had previously established predisposing factors for<i>P carinii</i>pneumonia, including corticosteroid use in 87%. The attack rate for hospitalized patients with primary or metastatic brain tumor increased during the 12-year interval. The attack rates for hospitalized patients with hematologic neoplasm or bone marrow transplantation were stable. The overall mortality rate did not change during the period reviewed. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Despite the availability of effective prophylaxis,<i>P carinii</i>pneumonia continues to occur among patients with neoplastic disease. In addition to patients with certain hematologic neoplasms, those with primary or metastatic brain neoplasm who receive corticosteroids are at risk for the development of<i>P carinii</i>pneumonia and should receive<i>P carinii</i>pneumonia prophylaxis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:832-837)
Checking Success of Vasectomy
Authors: Walter A. Schloss
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was amazed at the question<i>and</i>the answer, in the MEDICOLEGAL ROUNDS section ofThe Journal(230:1453, 1974), entitled "Compulsory Participation in Voluntary Sterilization." The question was asked by a general surgeon in a small community hospital who wanted to know whether he can be held liable if the wife of a patient on whom he performed a vasectomy became pregnant, inasmuch as the hospital pathologist for religious reasons refused to perform any sperm counts following vasectomy. It was recommended in the detailed medicolegal answer that "the patient should be referred to the nearest facility where the test can be performed, and [that] this should be arranged before performing the vasectomy." My answer would be: It is a very simple matter to look at a drop of semen under a microscope to find out if there are any active sperm present. Surely the "small community hospital"
Cbl and Human Myeloid Neoplasms: The Cbl Oncogene Comes of Age
Authors: Stephen C. Kales, Philip E. Ryan, Marion M. Nau, Stanley Lipkowitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Cbl was originally discovered in 1989 as the cellular homolog of the v-Cbl oncogene, the transforming gene of the Cas NS-1 murine retrovirus that causes myeloid leukemia and lymphomas in mice. Cbl is a member of a family of RING finger ubiquitin ligases that negatively regulate signaling by tyrosine kinases and that function as adaptor proteins to regulate signaling positively. Until the past 2 years, there was little evidence that Cbl proteins were involved in human malignancies. Recent publications have shown homozygous mutations in Cbl in human myeloid neoplasms. Although in vitro and animal transformation models suggested that mutant forms of Cbl acted as an oncogene, the cellular role suggested that the protein could serve as a tumor suppressor gene. The recent data begin to reconcile this paradox as the loss of ubiquitin ligase function (the tumor suppressor function) is coupled to the maintenance of the positive signaling function (the oncogene function). These data also provide insight into potential therapeutic approaches to myeloid disorders harboring Cbl mutations.
The LHRH antagonist Cetrorelix: a review
Authors: T. Reissmann
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2000)

In those clinical situations in which an immediate and profound suppression of gonadotrophins is desired, LHRH agonists have the disadvantage of producing an initial stimulatory effect on hormone secretion. Therefore, the use of GnRH antagonists which cause an immediate and dose-related inhibition of LH and FSH by competitive blockade of the receptors is much more advantageous. One of the most advanced antagonist produced to date is Cetrorelix, a decapeptide which has been shown to be safe and effective in inhibiting LH and sex-steroid secretion in a variety of animal species and in clinical studies as well. Clinical trials in patients suffering from advanced carcinoma of the prostate, benign prostate hyperplasia, and ovarian cancer are currently in progress and have already shown the usefulness of this new treatment modality. In particular, the concept that a complete suppression of sex-steroids may not be necessary in indications such as uterine fibroma, endometriosis and benign prostatic hyperplasia represents a promising novel perspective for treatment of these diseases. Following completion of phase III trials in controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF regimens, Cetrorelix was given marketing approval and, thus, became the first LHRH antagonist available clinically.
Children and young people who die from cancer: epidemiology and place of death in England (1995-9)
Authors: I. J Higginson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Survival from cancer among children and young adults has improved, but a need remains to care for the one in four who cannot yet be cured. [1]2][3] One component of quality care is to provide it in the place of choice, 3 usually home; we analysed factors affecting place of death.
Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair With the MitraClip System for Severe Mitral Regurgitation in Patients With Surgical Mitral Valve Repair Failure
Authors: Carmelo Grasso, Yohei Ohno, Guilherme F. Attizzani, Stefano Cannata, Sebastiano Immè, Marco Barbanti, Anna M. Pistritto, Margherita Ministeri, Anna Caggegi, Marta Chiarandà, Fabio Dipasqua, Giuseppe Ronsivalle, Sarah Mangiafico, Salvatore Scandura, Piera Capranzano, Davide Capodanno, Corrado Tamburino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)