tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care
Authors: Eran Bellin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters2 March 1999Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of CareEran Bellin, MDEran Bellin, MDMontefiore Medical Center; Bronx, NY 10467 (Bellin)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-5-199903020-00009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although the notion of the effectiveness of a hospitalist has much intellectual appeal, Diamond and colleagues' study (1) contains many observations that deserve attention.Of note, the medical service organization (MSO) practice, while improving its length of stay statistics dramatically, began with an appalling length of stay at baseline compared to that of their community colleagues (8.75 days compared with 6.68 days). Although the MSO practice, with the help of a hospitalist, dramatically reduced its patients' length of stay, the MSO physicians still did worse than their community peers (6.33 days compared with 6.23 days). The authors ...Reference1. Diamond HS, Goldberg E, Janosky JE. The effect of full-time faculty hospitalists on the efficiency of care at a community teaching hospital. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:197-203. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Eran Bellin, MDAffiliations: Montefiore Medical Center; Bronx, NY 10467 (Bellin) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Effect of Full-Time Faculty Hospitalists on the Efficiency of Care at a Community Teaching Hospital Herbert S. Diamond , Elliot Goldberg , and Janine E. Janosky Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care Herbert S. Diamond and Elliot Goldberg Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care Jonathan Warren Metrics 2 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 5Page: 450KeywordsHealth care qualityHospitalistsInpatientsLength of stayMedical servicesMotivationPatients ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 2 March 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Considerable, Often Neglected, Impact of Pulmonary Tuberculosis on the Prevalence of COPD
Authors: Ki Hwan Jung, Se Joong Kim, Chol Shin, Je Hyeong Kim
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

In the executive summary of the 2006 update of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (1) the authors state that it is difficult to differentiate between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in some subjects due to similar respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation and they suggest that a possible diagnosis of pulmonary TB should be considered in developing countries where these two diseases are common. Such comments focusing only on overlapping respiratory symptoms are adequate but not enough for the clinician in TB endemic areas. Treated pulmonary TB is a significant cause of obstructive airway disease with an inverse relationship between FEV1 and the extent of the disease on the original chest radiograph (2). Moreover this relationship is valid even with minimal involvement without cavitations on chest radiograph at presentation. Chronic bronchitis or bronchiolitis and emphysema often occur as complications of pulmonary TB. Additional exposure to cigarette smoke and other environmental risk factors leads to an increase in such occurrences. This was emphasized in the GOLD Workshop summary published in 2001 (3). Interestingly the degree of obstructive airway changes in subjects treated for TB increases with age the number of cigarettes smoked and the extent of the initial TB disease (4). In a study performed by our group (5) the impact of pulmonary TB on the prevalence of COPD was assessed. Even minimal scar change on chest radiograph without destroyed lung was associated with chronic airflow limitation. This was true in all subjects regardless of previous treatment history for TB. The prevalence of COPD increased from 3.7 to 5.0% by including participants with radiographically minimal previous TB lesions or past history of TB treatment. This substantially significant increase might act as a confounding factor and contribute to the prevalence of COPD in pulmonary TB endemic areas. The diagnosis of COPD recommended by GOLD is still based on the degree of airflow limitation assessed by spirometry. With respect to the epidemiology of COPD in pulmonary TB endemic areas further studies with careful consideration of subjects with minimal scar change on chest radiograph and/or previous history of pulmonary TB treatment are required to assess the impact of pulmonary TB on the prevalence of COPD. Conflict of Interest Statement: None of the authors has a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. (full-text)
Letter: Dosage of neomycin sulphate.
Authors: M G Thuse, D P Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Sandstones of the 3.22 Ga Archean Moodies Group represent one of the world9s oldest quartz-rich sedimentary sequences. The provenance of this unit is unresolved because its quartz and common microcline can be sourced both from either now eroded or covered granitoid plutons outside the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) or, alternatively and perhaps more controversially, (rhyo-)dacitic (sub-)volcanic rocks within the BGB. We compiled 31 detrital zircon data sets (n = 2588) from sandstones, reworked tuffs and conglomerate of the Moodies Group in order to constrain its age and provenance. After selection using quality criteria, the remaining zircons (n = 1621) in nearly all samples show a distribution corresponding to the four known major pulses of felsic magmatism in the BGB: 1) the <i>ca.</i> 3550 to 3530 Ma Theespruit and Sandspruit Formations at the base of the Onverwacht Group; 2) the <i>ca.</i> 3440 to 3410 Ma rhyo-dacites of the upper Hooggenoeg Formation, Onverwacht Group; 3) the <i>ca.</i> 3300 to 3280 Ma thin felsic tuffs in the Mendon Formation; and 4) the <i>ca.</i> 3260 to 3215 Ma felsic volcanic and shallow intrusive rocks of the Auber Villiers, Bien Venue and Schoongezicht Formations of the upper Fig Tree Group and the Moodies Group as well as their co-magmatic plutonic counterparts. Almost all data sets also contain near-concordant younger zircons as young as 2820 Ma, which can be attributed to one of six tectonic or magmatic events affecting the young Kaapvaal Craton in post-BGB time, causing the partial or complete resetting of the U-Pb system in some grains. The youngest (near-)concordant zircon clusters yield ages of <i>ca.</i> 3220 Ma in most locations, and the youngest discordant group of zircons from a reworked tuff near the top of the Moodies Group at 3212 ± 13 Ma agrees well with previous estimates of the maximum depositional age. With very few exceptions, the oldest zircons (<i>ca.</i> 3564 Ma) are only slightly older than the oldest rocks in the BGB stratigraphy (<i>ca.</i> 3550 Ma). Subtle regional and stratigraphic differences in age spectra may indicate localized or nearby sediment sources within a synorogenic setting. Preliminary age spectra along vertical stratigraphic profiles show little systematic variation, possibly indicating that intrabasinal recycling was dominant over considerable time periods of the basin9s evolution. Extra-basinal plutonic sources of similar age and composition as the intra-BGB sources appear to be required to provide quartz and some feldspar to Moodies Group sandstones, although zircon age spectra, limited zircon Hf isotope data, sandstone petrography, facies analysis, and the high variability in Moodies conglomerate clast composition are consistent with uplift, deformation and erosion of several intra-BGB sources, but in particular from the region of the Onverwacht Anticline. Zircon populations, conglomerate clasts, and sandstone composition show no evidence that high-grade metamorphic rocks from the adjacent Ancient Gneiss Complex (AGC) contributed significantly to the Moodies Group.
European Commission's proposals on trade secrets
Authors: M. McKee, R. Labonte
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Risk undermining public health and must be modified 

In late 2013 the European Commission published proposals to harmonise elements of existing national legislation on trade secrets.1 These will shortly be debated in the European parliament but, in their present form, they have created serious concerns among non-governmental organisations concerned with health policy.2

Strengthening protection against disclosure of trade secrets is the most recent step in a process whereby multinational corporations have increasingly sought to commodify knowledge. Thus, the drug industry has lobbied to strengthen the protection given to it by the patent system—for example, by persuading governments to increase the duration of protection for so called orphan drugs3 and using international trade negotiations to enable it to claim rights in previously unprotected markets such as India. A diverse range of industries has exploited the opportunities provided by transfer pricing, whereby operations selling a trademarked commodity in one country pay large sums to another part of the same corporation based in a low tax jurisdiction for the right to use the brand name and associated imagery.4

The arguments in favour of such arrangements are well rehearsed. Patent law gives corporations rights over intellectual property …
Prognostic value of noninvasive testing one year after orthotopic cardiac transplantation
Authors: Patrick P.A.M. Verhoeven, Forrester A. Lee, Tarik M. Ramahi, Kenneth L. Franco, Carlos Mendes de Leon, Joan Amatruda, Noreen A. Gorham, Jennifer A. Mattera, Frans J.Th. Wackers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)

We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of routine noninvasive testing--stress thallium-201 imaging, rest two-dimensional echocardiography and rest equilibrium radionuclide angiography--1 year after cardiac transplantation.Coronary artery vasculopathy is the most important cause of late death after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Several clinical variables have been identified as risk factors for development of coronary vasculopathy. Traditional noninvasive diagnostic testing has been shown to be relatively insensitive for identifying patients with angiographic vasculopathy.Results of prospectively acquired noninvasive testing in 47 consecutive transplant recipients alive 1 year after transplantation were related to subsequent survival. Other clinical variables previously shown to be associated with the development of coronary artery vasculopathy were also included in the analysis.The 5-year survival rate after cardiac transplantation was 81%. By univariate analysis, echocardiography (chi-square 9.21) and stress thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging (chi-square 16.76) were predictive for survival, whereas rest equilibrium radionuclide angiography was not. Clinical contributors to survival were donor age (chi-square 4.56), number of human leukocyte antigen mismatches (chi-square 3.06) and cold ischemic time (chi-square 3.23). By multivariate analysis, stress myocardial imaging remained the only significant predictor of survival (risk ratio 0.27; 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.89).Normal thallium-201 stress myocardial perfusion imaging 1 year after cardiac transplantation is an important predictor of 5-year survival.
Influence of the Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Potential for Normalization of Immune Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1–Infected Individuals
Authors: Jason F. Okulicz, Tuan D. Le, Brian K. Agan, Jose F. Camargo, Michael L. Landrum, Edwina Wright, Matthew J. Dolan, Anuradha Ganesan, Tomas M. Ferguson, Davey M. Smith, Douglas D. Richman, Susan J. Little, Robert A. Clark, Weijing He, Sunil K. Ahuja
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

In individuals with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), factors that promote full immune recovery are not well characterized.
Visualization of in vitro protein-rejecting properties of PEGylated stealth® polycyanoacrylate nanoparticles
Authors: M.T. Peracchia, S. Harnisch, H. Pinto-Alphandary, A. Gulik, J.C. Dedieu, D. Desmaële, J. d’Angelo, R.H. Müller, P. Couvreur
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)
James Jackson Putnam and Psychoanalysis: Letters Between Putnam and Sigmund Freud, Ernest Jones, William James, Sandor Ferenczi, and Morton Prince, 1877-1917
Authors: Martin Grotjahn
Journal: JAMA (1972)

James Jackson Putnam, when he became fully aware of psychoanalysis, was a 63-year-old Boston physician, well established, and a professor of neurology at Harvard. It is fascinating to read in this correspondence with Freud how Putnam's Yankee fairness, grown out of a religious background, tried to deal with Freud's realism, scientific orientation, and daring revolutionary spirit. Freud was at all times aware that Putnam was important for psychoanalysis in America. The letters show little or nothing of Freud's antagonism or ambivalence towards America. Letters of philosophy and religion form much of this correspondence, extending from 1906 to a last communication during the war in 1917. Putnam always wrote in English, Freud always in German. As the correspondence progressed, Freud's deepening disillusion and stoicism contrasts more and more with Putnam's New England optimism. It also becomes clear how much Putnam encouraged Freud's interest in the analysis of conscience, religion, and philosophy.
The impact of baseline and interim PET/CT parameters on clinical outcome in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Silvia Park, Seung Hwan Moon, Lee Chun Park, Deok Won Hwang, Jun Ho Ji, Chi Hoon Maeng, Su‐Hee Cho, Hee Kyung Ahn, Ji Yean Lee, Seok Jin Kim, Joon Young Choi, Won Seog Kim
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Taking a step forward from the IPI, attention is focused on the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT as a tool for guidance in risk stratification in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Here, we analyzed the predictive value of various PET/CT parameters in patients with DLBCL. Particularly, we were interested in patients with an IPI score of 1, 2, or 3, whose prognosis are confusing. Between Jul 2008 and Feb 2010, a total of 100 patients (including 57 patients with an IPI score of 1-3) who were treated with R-CHOP for DLBCL, and had assessable PET/CT parameters were analyzed in this study. Absolute value of SUVmax, SUVsum(sum of SUVmax) and TLGsum(SUVmean x Volumemeta) from baseline and interim PET/CT, and ΔSUVsum, ΔSUVmax, and ΔTLGsum between baseline and interim PET/CT were selected as PET/CT parameters. The median number of R-CHOP cycles was 6, and interim PET/CT was performed after 2 or 3 cycles. None of the parameters which showed percentile change between initial and interim PET/CT were associated with prognosis. Instead, absolute value of SUVsum from baseline PET/CT, and SUVmax and SUVsum from interim PET/CT were significantly relevant to PFS in all patients, and in patients with an IPI score of 1–3.
PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATION OF CREATININE CLEARANCE AND HEMOGLOBIN COMPOSITE INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Tae-Hyun Yang, Han-Young Jin, Jeong-Sook Seo, Jae-Sik Jang, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Dong-Kie Kim, Ki-Hun Kim, Sang-Hoon Seol, Doo-Il Kim, Dong-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt worsens the hyperdynamic circulatory state of the cirrhotic patient: Preliminary report of a prospective study†
Authors: D. Azoulay, D. Castaing, A. Dennison, W. Martino, D. Eyraud, H. Bismuth
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The aim of this prospective nonrandomized study was to assess the immediate and short-term sequelae of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting on the circulatory hyperdynamic state of the cirrhotic patient. Twelve transjugular portosystemic shunting procedures were performed in 12 cirrhotic patients for sclerotherapy failure (10 cases) and/or intractable ascites (4 cases). Self-expandable stents 10 mm in diameter were used in all cases. Portal pressure measurement and right-heart catheterization were performed before and 30 min and 1 mo after the procedure. The portoatrial pressure gradient decreased from 15 +/- 3 to 7 +/- 3 mm Hg 30 min after surgery (p < 0.0001) to 8 +/- 3 mm Hg 1 mo after surgery (p < 0.001, in comparison with basal values). The cardiac index increased from 4.5 +/- 1.3 to 5.7 +/- 1.5 L/min.m2 30 min after surgery (p < 0.001) to 7.4 +/- 1.4 L/min.m2 1 mo after surgery (p < 0.001). Systemic vascular resistance decreased from 808 +/- 323 to 646 +/- 209 dyne.sec.cm-5 30 min after surgery (p < 0.01) to 467 +/- 101 dyne.sec.cm-5 1 mo after surgery (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that transjugular portosystemic shunting rapidly and significantly worsens the hyperdynamic circulatory state of the cirrhotic patient. Although apparently noninvasive, this procedure should be considered with caution in cirrhotic patients with limited cardiac reserve.
Are Fatty Acids a Link Between Diabetes and Lowered Cognitive Performance?
Authors: Augustina M.A. Brands, Geert Jan Biessels, Edward H.F. de Haan, L. Jaap Kappelle, Roy P.C. Kessels
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

We thank Dr. Ross (1) for her comments on our recent paper on cognition and type 1 diabetes (2). We agree that many questions remain open with regard to the etiology underlying impaired cognitive performance in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Although it seems clear that the underlying pathophysiology is a multifactorial process, the exact nature …
Quantification of glomerular TGF-β1 mRNA in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Masayuki Iwano, Atsushi Kubo, Toshihiko Nishino, Hiroaki Sato, Hisayuki Nishioka, Yasuhiro Akai, Hideyuki Kurioka, Yoshihiro Fujii, Masao Kanauchi, Hideo Shiiki, Kazuhiro Dohi
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
High-dose UVA1 therapy for atopic dermatitis: Results of a multicenter trial
Authors: Jean Krutmann, Thomas L. Diepgen, Thomas A. Luger, Stephan Grabbe, Hans Meffert, Niels Sönnichsen, Wolfgang Czech, Alexander Kapp, Helger Stege, Markus Grewe, Erwin Schöpf
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1998)
Abstract 5747: Anti-inflammatory nutrients and prostate cancer survival in the Örebro Prostate Cancer Survivors Cohort
Authors: Mara S. Meyer, Julie L. Kasperzyk, Ove Andrén, Alicja Wolk, Niclas Håkansson, Swen-Olof Andersson, Jan-Erik Johansson, Katja Fall, Lorelei A. Mucci
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract While many studies examine diet and prostate cancer (PCa) risk, few have assessed whether diet could influence prostate cancer-specific survival. Dietary factors that modulate the inflammatory response may alter clinical outcome, as chronic systemic inflammation may enhance PCa progression. As such, dietary zinc and fatty acids affecting the inflammatory response are promising targets for secondary prevention to impact survival after diagnosis. We studied intake of dietary zinc and fatty acids in relation to cancer survival within the Örebro Swedish Cohort, including 525 confirmed PCa cases living in Örebro County who were diagnosed from 1989 to 1991. At the time of diagnosis, dietary data was collected by food frequency questionnaire specific to the Swedish diet. Use of dietary supplements was negligible in this population, which was assembled before the introduction of PSA testing. We studied intake of zinc and fatty acids (quartiles) and time to death (all cause and PCa-specific through Februrary 2009) using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for lifestyle and clinical factors. Analyses were also stratified by clinical stage at diagnosis (early: T0-T2/M0, and advanced: T3-T4/M0/M1). During follow-up, 218 men died from PCa and 257 from other causes. Zinc was not significantly associated with overall PCa-specific mortality, total mortality or in men diagnosed at an advanced stage. Yet among those diagnosed at an early stage, men with the highest zinc intake were 74% less likely to die of PCa (95% CI:0.10-0.68, ptrend=0.005) compared to lowest. High versus low intake of marine omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was associated with a reduced risk of PCa mortality overall (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.47-1.03, ptrend=0.26), particularly among men diagnosed at an early stage (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.23-1.58). DHA was not associated with death from other causes (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.74-1.55, ptrend=0.68). The highest quartiles of saturated (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.78-1.69), monounsaturated (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.80-1.75) and polyunsaturated (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.62-1.31) fatty acids were not associated with PCa survival. Our results suggest men diagnosed at early stage prostate cancer may be sensitive to dietary zinc levels, which may prolong disease-specific survival. Omega-3 DHA may also be beneficial against prostate cancer-specific mortality, with inflammation being a potential common mechanism. Further research is needed to confirm these findings. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5747.
524. Analysis of Unique Proteins Bound to Sequentially Injected DOTAP:DNA Vectors
Authors: Christine C. Conwell, Leaf Huang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Although non-viral vectors have been explored for nearly 30 years as a potential means of treating both acquired and inherited diseases, several obstacles have limited their success as a viable treatment option. We have found that by sequentially injecting the cationic lipid and plasmid DNA in vivo, it is possible to overcome several of these obstacles. By altering the order in which the lipid and DNA interact with both each other and the blood (i.e. serum proteins), we were able to improve transgene activity and decrease the inflammatory response to the vector. In this study, we further explore the mechanism by which sequential injection is able to increase the efficacy of these lipid-based vectors. Using 2-D gel electrophoresis, we examined proteins bound to the sequentially formed complexes and compared those to proteins bound to pre-formed lipoplex. Several unique proteins have been identified and are currently under investigation for their ability to minimize the inflammatory response as well as increase the activity. This data indicates that there is potential for the development of more efficient lipid-based vectors, which contain one or more of these naturally occurring serum proteins. Supported by NIH grant AI48851.
Tritium in the physical and biological sciences; proceedings of the symposium on the detection and use of tritium in the physical and biological sciences sponsored by the International Atomic Energy Agency in cooperation with the Joint Commission on Applied Radioactivity and held in Vienna, 3-10 May 1961. Volumes I and II.
Authors: Maxwell Dauer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The 67 papers collected in the two volumes were presented at a symposium held in 1961 in Vienna. Although the collected papers cover diverse scientific fields, they provide an excellent source of current work which should stimulate further research in the use of tritium in the physical and biological sciences.  The first volume discusses the distribution of tritium in nature, methods of enrichment and applications in hydrology, tritium in chemistry and physics, and the counting and detection of tritium. Volume two covers the biological applications of tritium and tritiated compounds. The collected papers cover many of the biological uses of tritium and the radiation effects of tritium on living organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and cancer cells. The value of tritium in biological studies is apparent by the ease with which a large number of metabolically active compounds, such as hormones, vitamins, and other essential body constituents, can be labeled