tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome
Authors: Bert A. Govig, Sepehr Javaheri
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters7 December 2010The Systemic Capillary Leak SyndromeBert A. Govig, MD and Sepehr Javaheri, MDBert A. Govig, MDFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T5, Canada.Search for more papers by this author and Sepehr Javaheri, MDFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T5, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-11-201012070-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) can be a dramatic, perplexing, and terrifying disease to treat, particularly in its initial presentation. We have treated a patient with recurrent SCLS and have consulted by telephone on another patient. We thank Druey and Greipp for raising awareness of this rare syndrome and would like to complement their excellent review (1) with our anecdotal experience and 3 comments.First, we agree with their observation that SCLS is distinct from sepsis in its weak response to vasopressors and its associated polycythemia and severe hypoalbuminemia, but these findings are more obvious in ...Reference1. Druey KM, Greipp PR. Narrative review: the systemic capillary leak syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:90-8. [PMID: 20643990] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T5, Canada.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoNarrative Review: The Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome Kirk M. Druey and Philip R. Greipp The Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome Heikki Savolainen The Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome Mark Pecker , Michael Adams , and Walter Graham Metrics Cited byAlbumin levels predict mortality in sepsis patients with acute kidney injury undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy: a secondary analysis based on a retrospective cohort studyCapillary leak syndrome: etiologies, pathophysiology, and managementIdiopathic Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome: A Case ReportHigh-dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (Clarkson Disease)Systemic capillary leak syndrome: recognition prevents morbidity and mortalitySíndrome de capillary leak sistémico: descripción de un casoThe Systemic Capillary Leak SyndromeMark Pecker, MD, Michael Adams, MD, and Walter Graham, MD 7 December 2010Volume 153, Issue 11Page: 764KeywordsCapillariesHypotensionIntravenous immunoglobulinLeukocytosisPolycythemiaSepsisStarchesSystemic diseasesTachycardiaVasopressors ePublished: 7 December 2010 Issue Published: 7 December 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Predicting Progression of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Peter V. Rabins
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The important study by Stern and colleagues<sup>1</sup>provides useful data on which clinicians can base prognostic estimates for persons with Alzheimer disease. However, their finding that extrapyramidal signs and psychotic features at initial assessment predicted earlier nursing home placement and death suggests the possibility that some of these cases suffered from Lewy body dementia rather than Alzheimer disease. Early hallucinations, delusions, and extrapyramidal symptoms are now included in the diagnostic criteria for Lewy body dementia.<sup>2,3</sup>While autopsy confirmation of diagnosis is available for only half of the subjects, it would be useful to test the hypothesis that those with the most rapid progression and shortest time to nursing home placement had either Lewy bodies coexisting with neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles or pure Lewy body dementia based on neuropathology.
Abstract 525: Automated microRNA detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples
Authors: Zeyu (David) Jiang, Anne Pedata, Taylor Shingler, Lauren Behman, David Chafin, William Day
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The human genome encodes more than one thousand short (17-24 base) non-coding microRNA molecules which regulate diverse cellular functions. Several of these functions are also involved in tumorigenesis including cell growth, motility, and immune surveillance. Not surprisingly, numerous clinical studies suggest that microRNAs could serve as potent prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers for a variety of diseases including breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers. However, due to their short sequence length, technical obstacles exist for detection of these potential biomarker targets particularly in FFPE tissue samples: (i) limited target sequence limits probe length and subsequent target specificity as well as (ii) detection sensitivity since short probes require significant amplification technologies to generate a visible signal; lastly, (iii) short microRNA targets may be less stable in tissue (increased ribonuclease sensitivity and/or limited crosslinking to cellular components). In the current study, new RNA detection technologies, which include hapten-labeled oligonucleotide probes and sensitive tyramide-hapten/Silver detection designed for detection of longer RNA targets, were adopted for automated detection of microRNA targets in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. DNP-labeled oligonucleotide probes, directed against four microRNA targets (miR-21, miR-200c, miR-25, and miR-200b) plus sequence-scrambled negative control were synthesized and combined with a modified VENTANA OptiView amplification kit and silver detection. The probes and new detection system catalyzed sensitive and specific detection of each microRNA target in MCF-7 xenograft FFPE tissues, which correlates well with microarray profiling data from MCF-7 cells by Fix et. al. (2010)*. In summary, this study demonstrates a robust and fully automated ISH assay for microRNA targets in FFPE tissue and enables potential microRNA biomarkers being analyzed within tissue context. * Fix et. al. Cancer Genomics &amp; Proteomics (2010) 7:261-278. Citation Format: Zeyu (David) Jiang, Anne Pedata, Taylor Shingler, Lauren Behman, David Chafin, William Day. Automated microRNA detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 525. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-525
Volunteer doctors are "better organised" to treat casualties in Tahrir Square than during previous unrest
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Volunteer doctors have set up three field hospitals around Cairo’s Tahrir Square, treating casualties from the latest clashes between protesters and government forces.

The three hospitals—set up in a mosque, a church, and in a praying area next to the square —have been treating protesters since 19 November, Mario Stephan, head of the Egypt mission at the charity Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF), told the BMJ .

The hospitals were set up and are staffed by Egyptian volunteers, many of them ordinary doctors who have come to offer their services, Mr Stephan said.

“We are visiting the hospitals on a daily basis. They look like any field hospital you would expect to find in this kind of situation,” he said.

Alongside the field hospitals pharmacies …
THERAPEUTICS OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Authors: D. A. Sheffield
Journal: JAMA (1883)

A recent editorial in "<i>The Medical Record</i>" (August 11th) calls attention to the investigations of Klebs and Eberth into the pathology of typhoid fever, together with the announcement that Prof. Henri Desplats, of Lille, had made the discovery that<i>salicylate of bismuth</i>is " the great desideratum " in the treatment of that disease, and concludes as follows: "In short, the perusal of this article seems to justify the hope that in the<i>salicylate</i>of bismuth we have a new medicament of great antiseptic value." As it is by experience alone that the truth or falsity of a theory can be demonstrated, it is to be hoped that some one having the time and opportunity will prove whether Prof. Desplat's assertions are true or not. In this connection, however, it is desired to call the earnest attention of the profession to the claims of<i>sulphurous acid</i>in the treatment of typhoid fever.
Information about prenatal testing does not necessarily increase uptake
Authors: W M O Moore
Journal: BMJ (1996)

children becomes concentrated in large, tertiary paediatric intensive care units.1 Training junior doctors in more than just the basic sldlls of resuscitation will be easier in centres with a high throughput of patients, and ultimately this will enable a higher standard of care to be delivered in local hospitals, where most of these doctors will eventually work.T SAJJANHAR Feliow in paediatric intensive care MJMARSH Consultant in psediatric intensive care I A MURDOCH Consultant in paediatric intensive care Guy's Hospital, London SE1
Mental Deficiency: The Changing Outlook
Authors: George Mora
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This book is the result of collaborative work by a group of distinguished British research psychologists led by A. M. Clarke and A. D. B. Clarke, currently teaching psychology at the University of Hull. Originally published in 1958, it has been brought up-to-date by the various contributors. Besides an initial chapter on the background of the concept of mental deficiency, there are two main sections. The first, devoted to theoretical problems, includes chapters on classification of mental deficiency, measurement of intelligence, genetic and environmental studies of intelligence, etiological aspects of mental subnormality, and individual differences in mental deficiency, followed by three chapters on learning, brain damage, and cerebral palsy in relation to mental deficiency, respectively. The second section, devoted to practical matters, deals with psychological assessment and educational problems in mental deficiency, trainability and vocational and social rehabilitation, psychotherapy, speech disorders and terminates with two chapters on longitudinal and follow-up
A CASE OF COLLOID CARCINOMA OF THE SKIN
Authors: A. BAMBERGER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

I report this case, first, because of its rare occurrence, as I am unable to find a similar condition reported in literature, and secondly because it emphasizes the importance of laboratory work in cases of obscure diagnosis. <h3>History.—</h3> Miss C. G., unmarried, aged 35, a clerk, entered my service at the Cook County Hospital, June 8, 1910. She had always lived in Chicago and was apparently of good habits. Menstruation began at 14 years, was regular and of the twenty-eight-day type. <h3>Present Illness.—</h3> The patient stated that two weeks before entering the hospital a blister appeared on the lower third of the right leg and that after a few days it opened, and an ulcer followed, for which she sought treatment. She denied having injured the leg or having applied any drug locally. With the exception of the ulcer she said she was in good health. <h3>Past History.—</h3> She was
LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOME OF A REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH A GENOUSTM EPC CAPTURING STENT
Authors: Margo Klomp, Marcel A. Beijk, Karel T. Koch, Jose P. Henriques, Jan Baan, Marije M. Vis, Jan G. Tijssen, Jan J. Piek, Robbert J. de Winter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Atrial Fibrillation Produced by Prolonged Rapid Atrial Pacing Is Associated With Heterogeneous Changes in Atrial Sympathetic Innervation
Authors: J. Vijay Jayachandran, Haris J. Sih, Wendy Winkle, Douglas P. Zipes, Gary D. Hutchins, Jeffrey E. Olgin
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Structural and electrophysiological changes of the atria occur with prolonged rapid rates; however, the effects of sustained atrial fibrillation (AF) on autonomic innervation of the atria are unknown. We hypothesized that electrophysiological remodeling from rapid atrial rates is accompanied by altered atrial autonomic innervation. Methods and Results —Six dogs (paced group) underwent atrial pacing at 600 bpm; 9 dogs (control animals) were not paced. All paced dogs developed sustained AF by week 4 of pacing. All 15 animals underwent positron emission tomography imaging of the atria with [C-11] hydroxyephedrine (HED) to label sympathetic nerve terminals. HED retention in the atria was significantly greater in paced dogs compared with control animals ( P =0.03). Tissue samples from the atrial appendages had a greater concentration of norepinephrine in paced animals than in control animals ( P =0.01). The coefficient of variation of HED retention was also greater in paced animals ( P =0.05) and was greater in the right atrium than in the left atrium ( P =0.004). Epicardial activation maps of AF were obtained in the paced animals at baseline and with autonomic manipulation. Mean AF cycle length was longer in the right atrium (109.2±5 ms) than in the left atrium (85.8±5.5 ms) at baseline ( P =0.005). AF cycle length did not vary significantly from baseline (97.6±13.4 ms) with stellate stimulation (100.5±6 ms) but lengthened with propranolol (107.5±6.1 ms, P =0.03). Conclusions —Rapid rates of AF produce a heterogeneous increase in atrial sympathetic innervation. These changes parallel disparate effects of rapid pacing–induced AF on atrial electrophysiology.
Re-examination of the incidence of exercise-induced hypoxaemia in highly trained subjects.
Authors: D D Brown, R G Knowlton, P B Sanjabi, B T Szurgot
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1993)

The purpose of this study was to examine the occurrence of exercise-induced hypoxaemia (EIH) during maximal exercise in highly trained athletes. Eleven trained cyclists (mean(s.d.) age 23(3.5) years; mean(s.d.) VO2max 66.9(4.8) ml kg-1min-1) performed a continuous, multistage (270 kpm min-1) cycle ergometer test to exhaustion. Measurements of arterial oxygen-haemoglobin saturation (%HbO2) were obtained simultaneously at rest, every 2 min during exercise, and at maximum exercise capacity from arterial blood sampling (%SaO2) and ear oximetry (%SpO2). Exercise induced hypoxaemia (%HbO2 < or = 91%) was present in 64% of the athletes examined when EIH was determined using pulse oximetry, whereas none of the subjects exhibited EIH when %HbO2 was determined using arterial blood. At rest the values for %HbO2 were similar with mean(s.d.) %SaO2 being 97.3(0.6)% and mean(s.d.) %SpO2 being 96.5(1.6)%. During exercise, statistically significant differences were found for %HbO2 between arterial blood and ear oximetry at the 6-min, 8-min, and maximal exercise sampling times (repeated measures analysis of variance, P < 0.05). The results indicate that ear oximetry overestimates the incidence of EIH and underestimates the oxyhaemoglobin saturation in highly trained cyclists during exercise in comparison with those measurements made from arterial blood.
Validation of the Appropriate Use Criteria for Coronary Angiography
Authors: Michael M. Mohareb, Feng Qiu, Warren J. Cantor, Kori J. Kingsbury, Dennis T. Ko, Harindra C. Wijeysundera
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Background: The use of invasive coronary angiography in stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) varies widely. Objective: To validate the 2012 appropriate use criteria for diagnostic catheterization by examining the relationship between the appropriateness of cardiac catheterization in patients with suspected stable IHD and the proportion of patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and subsequent revascularization. Design: Population-based, observational, multicenter cohort study. Setting: The Cardiac Care Network, a registry of all patients having elective angiography at 18 hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1 October 2008 and 30 September 2011. Patients: Persons without prior coronary revascularization or myocardial infarction who had angiography for suspected stable CAD. Measurements: Appropriateness scores were ascertained by using data collected at the time of the index angiography and were categorized as appropriate, inappropriate, or uncertain. Results: Among the final cohort of 48 336 patients, 58.2% of angiographic studies were classified as appropriate, 10.8% were classified as inappropriate, and 31.0% were classified as uncertain. Overall, 45.5% of patients had obstructive CAD. In patients with appropriate indications for angiography, 52.9% had obstructive CAD, with 40.0% undergoing revascularization. In those with inappropriate indications, 30.9% had obstructive CAD and 18.9% underwent revascularization; in those with uncertain indications, 36.7% had obstructive CAD and 25.9% had revascularization. Although more patients with appropriate indications had obstructive CAD and underwent revascularization ( P < 0.001), a substantial proportion of those with inappropriate or uncertain indications had important coronary disease. Limitation: Data were not available on whether symptoms were atypical. Conclusion: Despite the association between appropriateness category and obstructive CAD, this study raises concerns about the ability of the appropriate use criteria to guide clinical decision making. Primary Funding Source: Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Phenotypic Characterization of a Novel Long-QT Syndrome Mutation (R1623Q) in the Cardiac Sodium Channel
Authors: Nicholas G. Kambouris, H. Bradley Nuss, David C. Johns, Gordon F. Tomaselli, Eduardo Marban, Jeffrey R. Balser
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —A heritable form of the long-QT syndrome (LQT3) has been linked to mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene (SCN5A). Recently, a sporadic SCN5A mutation was identified in a Japanese girl afflicted with the long-QT syndrome. In contrast to the heritable mutations, this externally positioned domain IV, S4 mutation (R1623Q) neutralized a charged residue that is critically involved in activation-inactivation coupling. Methods and Results —We have characterized the R1623Q mutation in the human cardiac sodium channel (hH1) using both whole-cell and single-channel recordings. In contrast to the autosomal dominant LQT3 mutations, R1623Q increased the probability of long openings and caused early reopenings, producing a threefold prolongation of sodium current decay. Lidocaine restored rapid decay of the R1623Q macroscopic current. Conclusions —The R1623Q mutation produces inactivation gating defects that differ mechanistically from those caused by LQT3 mutations. These findings provide a biophysical explanation for this severe long-QT phenotype and extend our understanding of the mechanistic role of the S4 segment in cardiac sodium channel inactivation gating and class I antiarrhythmic drug action.
Book Review Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and medical/surgical management Second edition. Edited by Roland W. Moskowitz, David S. Howell, Victor M. Goldberg, and Henry J. Mankin. 761 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1992. $125. ISBN 0–7216–6581–0 .
Authors: Alfred Jay Bollet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
Book Review Biomedical Ambiguity: Race, Asthma, and the Contested Meaning of Genetic Research in the Caribbean By Ian Whitmarsh. 225 pp. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 2008. $59.95 (cloth); $21.95 (paper). 978-0-8014-4686-3 (cloth); 978-0-8014-7441-5 (paper).
Authors: Malcolm N. Blumenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)
Vascular alpha-2 adrenoceptor function is decreased in rats with congestive heart failure
Authors: Q.-P. Feng, A. Bergdahl, X.-R. Lu, X.-Y. Sun, L. Edvinsson, T. Hedner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objective: Vascular alpha-2 adrenoceptor function of rats with congestive heart failure (CHF) was characterized in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods: CHF was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by coronary artery ligation. Sham-operated rats served as normal controls. Postjunctional alpha-2 adrenergic responsiveness was assessed in vivo using the pithed rat model and in vitro in organ bath. Vascular alpha-2 adrenoceptor density was studied by receptor binding assay. Results: Four to 6 weeks after this surgical procedure, plasma catecholamines were markedly increased in CHF rats. In vivo vascular responses to alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists BHT933 and clonidine were significantly decreased in CHF rats (P < 0.001). Clonidine elicited dose-dependent responses in endothelium intact mesenteric arteries in both CHF and sham-operated rats. The dose-response curve in CHF was shifted to the right with a pD2 value of 5.5 ± 0.2 compared with control rats 6.2 ± 0.2 (P < 0.05). The response to clonidine was selectively blocked by an alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist rauwolscine in both groups. Endothelium denuded arteries showed an enhanced response to clondine in both CHF and control rats. However, the response to clondine is still decreased in CHF compared to sham-operated rats (P < 0.05). Alpha-2 adrenoreceptor density, as determined by [3H]yohimbine binding in membrane preparations from mesenteric arteries was decreased in CHF compared to sham-operated rats (Bmax 43 ± 6 vs. 104 ± 20 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Vascular alpha-2 adrenoceptor function is decreased in rats with CHF.
Measuring outcomes in primary care: a patient generated measure, MYMOP, compared with the SF-36 health survey
Authors: C. Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To assess the sensitivity to within person change over time of an outcome measure for practitioners in primary care that is applicable to a wide range of illness. <b>Design</b>: Comparison of a new patient generated instrument, the measure yourself medical outcome profile (MYMOP), with the SF-36 health profile and a five point change score; all scales were completed during the consultation with practitioners and repeated after four weeks. 103 patients were followed up for 16 weeks and their results charted; seven practitioners were interviewed. <b>Setting</b>: Established practice of the four NHS general practitioners and four of the private complementary practitioners working in one medical centre. <b>Subjects</b>: Systematic sample of 218 patients from general practice and all 47 patients of complementary practitioners; patients had had symptoms for more than seven days. <b>Outcome measures</b>: Standardised response mean and index of responsiveness; views of practitioners. <b>Results</b>: The index of responsiveness, relating to the minimal clinically important difference, was high for MYMOP: 1.14 for the first symptom, 1.33 for activity, and 0.85 for the profile compared with &lt;0.45 for SF-36. MYMOP9s validity was supported by significant correlation between the change score and the change in the MYMOP score and the ability of this instrument to detect more improvement in acute than in chronic conditions. Practitioners found that MYMOP was practical and applicable to all patients with symptoms and that its use increased their awareness of patients9 priorities. <b>Conclusion</b>: MYMOP shows promise as an outcome measure for primary care and for complementary treatment. It is more sensitive to change than the SF-36 and has the added bonus of improving patient-practitioner communication. <h3>Key messages</h3> A generic health status instrument provides a useful profile of an individual or population, but is not necessarily responsive to change An instrument that is patient generated may be responsive while remaining brief The use of a patient generated measure within the consultation helps the practitioner to be more patient centred Outcome measurements in chronic disease are more meaningful if charted alongside the diverse treatment options that patients use.