tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Materia Medica Examinations
Authors: R. Farquharson
Journal: BMJ (1878)

The polymorphism of two serologically detected loci in the I region was assessed in wild mice trapped in six separate locations in Texas. About 100 mice were typed by the two-stage microcytotoxicity test with a battery of alloantisera detecting 10 private, semi-private, or public specificities in either the I-A or I-EC loci. This survey has revealed that three different private I-region specificities are present among wild mice in Texas at frequencies characteristic of stable polymorphisms. Two of these private specificities, Ia-1.2 and Ia-1.4, were also present in the descendents of mice trapped in Michigan, indicating that these alleles are widely distributed among wild mice in the United States. A comparison of the distribution of I region specificities with K or D region specificities indicated that linkage disequilibrium among these H-2 loci was a rare, but detectable event. Finally, breeding studies with wild, male mice indicate that about 90% of the wild males are heterozygous for H-2 antigens.
Membrane-bound and soluble alpha IL-5 receptor mRNA in the bronchial mucosa of atopic and nonatopic asthmatics.
Authors: Z Yasruel, M Humbert, T C Kotsimbos, Y Ploysongsang, E Minshall, S R Durham, R Pfister, G Menz, J Tavernier, A B Kay, Q Hamid
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Eosinophilic inflammation and interleukin-5 (IL-5) expression are characteristic features of the bronchial mucosa in asthma. We have investigated the differential expression of membrane and soluble isoforms of alpha IL-5 receptor (alpha IL-5Rm and alpha IL-5Rs) mRNA in asthmatics and in normal control subjects and examined the correlation between alpha IL-5Rm and alpha IL-5Rs expression and the FEV1 and airway hyperresponsiveness. Nineteen subjects with stable asthma (atopic = 9; intrinsic = 10) and 22 control subjects (atopic = 12; nonatopic = 10) were recruited. Endobronchial biopsies were obtained and processed for in situ hybridization and double-staining techniques. There was a significant increase in the number of cells per millimeter basement membrane expressing mRNA for total, membrane-bound, and soluble alpha IL-5R in asthmatics when compared with that in nonasthmatic control subjects (p < 0.001); 93% of the cells positive for alpha IL-5R mRNA were EG2+ve eosinophils. There was no significant difference in the expression of alpha IL-5Rm and alpha IL-5Rs between the atopic and nonatopic asthmatics. The expression of alpha IL-5Rm and alpha IL-5Rs was also nonsignificantly different between the atopic and nonatopic control subjects. However, in the asthmatic subjects, the number of positive cells expressing mRNA for alpha IL-5Rm inversely correlated with FEV1(r2 = 0.89, p < 0.001), whereas the expression of alpha IL-5Rs mRNA directly correlated with FEV1 (r2 = 0.52, p < 0.001). There were no significant correlations between alpha IL-5R isoforms and the methacholine PC20. These results suggest that alpha IL-5R upregulation and differential regulation of alternatively spliced alpha IL-5R mRNA transcripts may influence the eosinophil response and the accompanying changes in airflow limitation in both atopic and nonatopic variants of chronic asthma.
The 80th Birthday of Sir Henry Dale, O.M., G.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S.: Sir Henry Dale: His Influence on Science
Authors: H. S. Gasser
Journal: BMJ (1955)

arbitrarily given to a certain weight of the standard.If it was decided to say that the standard contained 8 units in 1 mg., then it followed that if the unknown was four-fifths of the standard the unknown must contain 6.4 units per mg.
Abstract 5046: What do they do? Patient navigator actions and timely treatment within 30 days of diagnosis in Latinas with breast cancer: The Six Cities Study
Authors: Amelie G. Ramirez, Eliseo J. Perez-Stable, Gregory A. Talavera, Frank Penedo, Emilio J. Carrillo, Maria E. Fernandez, Alan E. Holden, Edgar Munoz, Kipling J. Gallion
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in Latinas, primarily due to screening and treatment disparities. Patient navigation has emerged as an effective means to reduce these disparities, although how this is achieved is insufficiently documented. Methods: We analyzed navigator logs of activities conducted on behalf of 42 navigated Latinas diagnosed with breast cancer from July 2008-January 2011. Women were navigated by locally trained navigators who resolved patient-reported barriers using one of 10 specific actions: referral, accompaniment, transportation, telephone support, records assistance, health education, appointment reminders, family support, translation services, or health care system intervention. We calculated the frequency of patient-reported barriers to cancer treatment, their association with navigator actions (correlation), and the association of these actions on time to primary treatment initiation within 30 days of confirmed diagnosis (Chi-squared analysis). Results: Patients reported 323 potential barriers to care between diagnosis and initial treatment. Translation (44.3%), specific or generalized fear (14.9%), and transportation (6.5%) were the most commonly reported barriers. Barriers were resolved utilizing activities defined above as determined by navigators; some barriers were resolved with as few as one action. Correspondence (correlation) between reported barriers and navigator actions was high (r=0.985 to r=1.000). Five navigator actions were associated with earlier treatment relative to navigated women not utilizing these specific services (accompaniment: p=.006; transportation: p=.007; telephone support: p=.034; family support: p=.030; translation services: p=.004). Conclusions: Specific patient navigation activities significantly increase the proportion of Latinas with breast cancer women who begin treatment within 30 days of diagnosis. It likely results in reduction of mortality in this group. Citation Format: Amelie G. Ramirez, Eliseo J. Perez-Stable, Gregory A. Talavera, Frank Penedo, Emilio J. Carrillo, Maria E. Fernandez, Alan E. Holden, Edgar Munoz, Kipling J. Gallion. What do they do? Patient navigator actions and timely treatment within 30 days of diagnosis in Latinas with breast cancer: The Six Cities Study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5046. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5046
P211 Assessment of operability in early stage lung cancer: results from the national lung cancer audit
Authors: I. Woolhouse, R. Stanley, P. Beckett, M. D. Peake
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> NICE guidelines recommend that patients who are staged as candidates for curative treatment on CT should undergo further evaluation with PET scan, mediastinal sampling (where appropriate) and lung function tests to confirm stage and to assess fitness for surgery. Under-use and/or variability in the interpretation of these investigations as well as the frequency of co-morbidities may contribute to the relatively low surgical resection rates seen within England. These data are collected by the national lung cancer audit but have not previously been reported at a national level. <h3>Methods</h3> Data are presented for patients submitted to the national lung cancer audit with histologically confirmed non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) first seen in England in 2008. It is anticipated that data for 2009 will be available for presentation at the meeting. <h3>Results</h3> 13 488 patients (53%) had histologically confirmed NSCLC of which staging data were available for 11 661 patients. 2071 (18%) had stage I or II disease. Investigations and treatment for these patients are shown in the Abstract P211 Table 1 42% of patients with stage I disease who did not undergo surgery had good performance status (WHO 0-1) and adequate FEV1 for lobectomy (&gt;1.5L). 23% of patients with stage II disease who did not undergo surgery had good performance status and adequate FEV1 for pneumonectomy (&gt;2.0L). <h3>Conclusion</h3> PET scanning is generally being performed as recommended in national guidelines. The low level of recording of lung function may represent poor data completeness for this field or, more worryingly, under use of this test. The available spirometric data suggest that lung function is relatively well preserved in this group of patients. In particular, approximately one third of those patients who did not undergo surgery appeared to have adequate respiratory reserve and performance status to tolerate resection. The reasons why these patients did not undergo surgery require further evaluation at a local level.
The Tired Husband Syndrome
Authors: Meyer B. Marks
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Earl E. Gambill's reply to the "Tired Husband Syndrome," in QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (<b>205</b>:709, 1968) involving extreme fatigue in a 21-year-old married man, fails to take into account allergy as a causative factor. It is not unusual for young adults with unnatural tiredness to be suffering from food or inhalant allergy, or both. The following have made excellent contributions to the literature on this subject:
Efficacy and Safety of Postdischarge Administration of Enoxaparin in the Prevention of Deep Venous Thrombosis after Total Hip Replacement
Authors: André Planes, Nicole Vochelle, Jean-Yves Darmon, Michel Fagola, Michel Bellaud, Delphine Compan, Eric Saliba, Nadine Weisslinger, Yann Huet
Journal: Drugs (1996)
The John Phillips Memorial Lecture : Sideropenic and Sideremic Anemias.
Authors: Maxwell M. Wintrobe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The John Phillips Memorial Lecture : Sideropenic and Sideremic Anemias.Maxwell M. Wintrobe, M.D., F.A.C.P.Maxwell M. Wintrobe, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1045_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOccupying a central position in hemoglobin synthesis is iron. This important metal can be measured readily in a number of different forms and in different parts of the body. Its metabolism has been studied thoroughly and is, for the most part, fully understood. With the information now available, it is possible to consider the anemias in relation to the metabolism of iron. On the basis of serum iron levels, they can be classified as being associated with low serum iron (sideropenic) or normal or increased serum iron levels (sideremic). Such a classification is discussed in detail because it is very... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Maxwell M. Wintrobe, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Salt Lake City, Utah PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5 Page: 1045-1045 Keywords Anemia Hemoglobin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
FAVORABLE EFFECTS OF MULTI-ELECTRODE CATHETER-BASED RENAL SYMPATHETIC DENERVATION ON LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS, DIASTOLIC FUNCTION AND NEUROHORMONAL ACTIVATION IN RESISTANT HYPERTENSION
Authors: Konstantinos P. Tsioufis, Vasilios Papademetriou, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Dimitris Tsiachris, Costas Thomopoulos, Athanasios Kordalis, Anastasios Milkas, Marina Toutouza, Elizabeth Oi-Yan Lau, Christodoulos I.I. Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Relationship between Ballistocardiographic Forces and Certain Events in the Cardiac Cycle
Authors: OSCAR TANNENBAUM, JEROME A. SCHACK, HARRY VESELL
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The temporal relationships of the various waves of the ballistocardiogram have been studied by means of simultaneously recorded electrocardiograms, femoral pulses, and electrokymograms of the great vessels and heart chambers. A modification of the Dock type of electromagnetic, undamped, direct ballistocardiograph has been employed in this study of 23 normal individuals. The total duration of mechanical systole in the great vessels has been found to correspond closely to the H-L interval. The HIJKL complex of the ballistocardiogram appears to be entirely related to the events of ventricular systole. The M, N and O waves represent after-waves occurring during diastole.
Comparison of Coregistration Accuracy of Pelvic Structures Between Sequential and Simultaneous Imaging During Hybrid PET/MRI in Patients with Bladder Cancer
Authors: Andrew B. Rosenkrantz, Arjun V. Balar, William C. Huang, Kimberly Jackson, Kent P. Friedman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

The aim of this study was to compare coregistration of the bladder wall, bladder masses, and pelvic lymph nodes between sequential and simultaneous PET and MRI acquisitions obtained during hybrid (18)F-FDG PET/MRI performed using a diuresis protocol in bladder cancer patients.Six bladder cancer patients underwent (18)F-FDG hybrid PET/MRI, including IV Lasix administration and oral hydration, before imaging to achieve bladder clearance. Axial T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) was obtained approximately 40 minutes before PET ("sequential") and concurrently with PET ("simultaneous"). Three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the bladder wall, bladder masses, and pelvic lymph nodes were recorded for PET and T2WI. Distances between these locations on PET and T2WI sequences were computed and used to compare in-plane (x-y plane) and through-plane (z-axis) misregistration relative to PET between T2WI acquisitions.The bladder increased in volume between T2WI acquisitions (sequential, 176 [139] mL; simultaneous, 255 [146] mL). Four patients exhibited a bladder mass, all with increased activity (SUV, 9.5-38.4). Seven pelvic lymph nodes in 4 patients showed increased activity (SUV, 2.2-9.9). The bladder wall exhibited substantially less misregistration relative to PET for simultaneous, compared with sequential, acquisitions in in-plane (2.8 [3.1] mm vs 7.4 [9.1] mm) and through-plane (1.7 [2.2] mm vs 5.7 [9.6] mm) dimensions. Bladder masses exhibited slightly decreased misregistration for simultaneous, compared with sequential, acquisitions in in-plane (2.2 [1.4] mm vs 2.6 [1.9] mm) and through-plane (0.0 [0.0] mm vs 0.3 [0.8] mm) dimensions. FDG-avid lymph nodes exhibited slightly decreased in-plane misregistration (1.1 [0.8] mm vs 2.5 [0.6] mm), although identical through-plane misregistration (4.0 [1.9] mm vs 4.0 [2.8] mm).Using hybrid PET/MRI, simultaneous imaging substantially improved bladder wall coregistration and slightly improved coregistration of bladder masses and pelvic lymph nodes.
Changes in the collagen of rat heart in copper-deficiency-induced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: R. DAWSON, G. MILNE, R. B WILLIAMS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Groups of rats were maintained from weaning on copper-supplemented or copper-deficient diets. After 2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 weeks animals were killed, their hearts were removed and the solubility and phenotype composition of the collagen of the hearts was studied. In the hearts from the copper-supplemented animals 35 to 45% of the collagen could be extracted after two treatments with pepsin but up to 74% could be extracted from the hypertrophied copper-deficient hearts. Almost all of the increase in the soluble material was found in the first pepsin extract. Electrophoretic analysis of the extracts showed that in the copper-supplemented hearts the ratio of Type III/Type I collagen increased about threefold between 2 and 6 weeks after weaning but by 8 weeks it had returned to about the level found at 2 weeks and was maintained at this level to the end of the experimental period. In the copper-deficient hearts the ratio of Type III/Type I collagen had increased about fivefold by 6 weeks after weaning and from 8 weeks to the end of the experimental period it remained at two to three times the value found in the copper-supplemented hearts. There was an indication that the relative proportion of Type V collagen was reduced in the copper-deficient hearts. The possible significance of these results in relation to the known pathological effects of copper deficiency on the cardiovascular system is discussed.
The ability of MLL to bind RUNX1 and methylate H3K4 at PU.1 regulatory regions is impaired by MDS/AML-associated RUNX1/AML1 mutations
Authors: Gang Huang, Xinghui Zhao, Lan Wang, Shannon Elf, Hao Xu, Xinyang Zhao, Goro Sashida, Yue Zhang, Yan Liu, Jennifer Lee, Silvia Menendez, Youyang Yang, Xiaomei Yan, Pu Zhang, Daniel G. Tenen, Motomi Osato, James J.-D. Hsieh, Stephen D. Nimer
Journal: Blood (2011)
Gradation of Intensity of Cardiac Murmurs
Authors: Samuel Waldman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  Standardization of expressions used in reporting examination findings undoubtedly leads to better understanding of precise meaning and lends much value to comparative studies. In the evaluation of various parameters, objective or subjective, the degree of change from normal or from an accepted criterion is usually indicated by an adjective or numeral.  Dr. Levine, in his article (JAMA177:261 [July 29] 1961) reiterating his previous recommendation on gradation of intensity of cardiac murmurs, introduces the problem of different standards. He grades murmur intensity at 6 levels, while many cardiologists still classify murmurs in 4 grades. Personally, I have followed Dr. Levine's suggestions and find them of great pedantic value for interns, students, and myself. However, since many physicians and students have used a 4 grade system, confusion occasionally arises. In order to simplify matters and to create a suitable translation of grades, I have found that utilization
Congenital papular xanthoma
Authors: S-H. Kim, K-J. Koh, J-H. Choi, K-J. Sung, K-C. Moon, J-K. Koh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

S ir, The term ‘papular xanthoma’ was introduced by Winkelmann 1 in 1981 to describe a xanthomatous eruption with the following characteristics. Lesions are asymptomatic, generalized, discrete, yellow, 2–15 mm papulonodules. They have no tendency to merge into plaques or to become red–brown in colour. No visceral involvement occurs, lipid metabolism is normal, and the dermal infiltrate is composed of predominantly foamy cells with some Touton giant cells but no non‐lipidized histiocytes, and few inflammatory cells. Birbeck granules are absent. Initially, all cases of papular xanthoma reported were in adult men, 2, 3 but there have been several reports of papular xanthoma in children since 1990. 4 Congenital papular xanthoma has not been described, and we report a Korean boy with this condition. A 13‐month‐old Korean boy presented with numerous asymptomatic yellow papules mainly on the head and neck ( Fig. 1a), but also some on the trunk and extremities. Some lesions were present at birth on the cheek and forehead. He was born by natural spontaneous delivery at 40 weeks gestation and weighed 2920 g at birth. His developmental history was normal and the family history was unremarkable. Since 5 months of age the lesions had gradually spread, but showed no tendency to coalesce. Mucosal and ophthalmological involvement was not noted. Total serum cholesterol was 192 mg/dL (normal 114–203) and serum triglycerides were 93 mg/dL (normal 30–100). Serum lipoprotein electrophoresis was within the normal range. Two skin biopsies from the scalp (Fig. 1b) demonstrated a dermal infiltrate composed mainly of cells with a large, foamy cytoplasm and a centrally located, round to oval nucleus. A few mononuclear cells were noted. One specimen showed only foamy cells, but the other also had a few Touton giant cells (Fig. 1b). There were no definite non‐lipidized histiocytes in the infiltrates. Oil red O staining was strongly positive in the cytoplasm of foamy cells, but S‐100 and periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining was negative. Electron microscopy revealed the foamy cells to show morphological features of macrophages, with numerous large electron‐dense lipid vacuoles packed in the cytoplasm (Fig. 1c). No Birbeck granules, comma‐shaped bodies or laminated bodies were found.
Convergent Domestication of pogo-like Transposases into Centromere-Binding Proteins in Fission Yeast and Mammals
Authors: C. Casola, D. Hucks, C. Feschotte
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

The mammalian centromere-associated protein B (CENP-B) shares significant sequence similarity with 3 proteins in fission yeast (Abp1, Cbh1, and Cbh2) that also bind centromeres and have essential function for chromosome segregation and centromeric heterochromatin formation. Each of these proteins displays extensive sequence similarity with pogo-like transposases, which have been previously identified in the genomes of various insects and vertebrates, in the protozoan Entamoeba and in plants. Based on this distribution, it has been proposed that the mammalian and fission yeast centromeric proteins are derived from "domesticated" pogo-like transposons. Here we took advantage of the vast amount of sequence information that has become recently available for a wide range of fungal and animal species to investigate the origin of the mammalian CENP-B and yeast CENP-B-like genes. A highly conserved ortholog of CENP-B was detected in 31 species of mammals, including opossum and platypus, but was absent from all nonmammalian species represented in the databases. Similarly, no ortholog of the fission yeast centromeric proteins was identified in any of the various fungal genomes currently available. In contrast, we discovered a plethora of novel pogo-like transposons in diverse invertebrates and vertebrates and in several filamentous fungi. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the mammalian and fission yeast CENP-B proteins fall into 2 distinct monophyletic clades, each of which includes a different set of pogo-like transposons. These results are most parsimoniously explained by independent domestication events of pogo-like transposases into centromeric proteins in the mammalian and fission yeast lineages, a case of "convergent domestication." These findings highlight the propensity of transposases to give rise to new host proteins and the potential of transposons as sources of genetic innovation.
Recent National Patterns of Warfarin Use in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Randall S. Stafford, Daniel E. Singer
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Studies of selected populations suggest that anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation is underused and that nonclinical factors influence the use of this stroke-preventing therapy. We wished to examine recent national trends and predictors of warfarin sodium use in atrial fibrillation. Methods and Results —A nationally representative sample of office visits from the 1989 to 1996 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys was used. We selected 1125 visits by patients with atrial fibrillation, including 877 visits to cardiologists and primary care physicians in which apparent contraindications for anticoagulation were absent. The principal outcome measure was the proportion of visits with warfarin reported. We analyzed trends in warfarin use and statistically evaluated the predictors of warfarin use. Warfarin use increased from 13% of atrial fibrillation visits in 1989 to 40% in 1993 ( P for trend &lt;.001) in patients without contraindications. Between 1993 and 1996, however, there was no change in warfarin use. Independent of other factors, warfarin was significantly more likely to be reported in patients with a history of stroke and in patients residing outside of the South. Conclusions —Warfarin use in atrial fibrillation has not increased recently, indicating inadequate implementation of this highly effective therapy. Barriers to anticoagulation in real-world clinical practice need to be identified and addressed.