tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complete Remission of Acromegaly With Medical Treatment
Authors: Richard F. Spark
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A 40-year-old patient with a ten-year history of acromegaly had persistent disease despite prior treatment with conventional pituitary radiotherapy and two transsphenoidal hypophysectomies. Initial evaluation showed characteristic acromegalic features, hypertension, amenorrhea, inappropriate diaphoresis, and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus despite isophane insulin suspension daily. Growth-hormone levels were high and did not suppress with glucose load. Treatment with bromocriptine was associated with prompt improvement in glucose intolerance, with elimination of insulin requirement within 72 hours of institutions of this therapy. Blood pressure normalized; inappropriate diaphoresis disappeared. Within three months ovulatory menses were noted to resume for the first time in ten years. There was progressive improvement in the soft-tissue changes of acromegaly. The growth-hormone levels fell within three hours after the first dose of bromocryptine and remained suppressed throughout her six-month course of therapy.
Pressure on emergency departments is having serious knock-on effect on hospital doctors' work, conference hears
Authors: K. Adlington
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Physicians must have a central role in solving the current crisis facing the NHS, Jane Dacre, president of the Royal College of Physicians, told the college’s annual conference in Harrogate on Thursday 12 March.

Speaking in the opening plenary session, Dacre warned that the increasing number of patients coming through acute medical units was creating a “siege mentality” and could “lead to poorer care” and longer stays in hospital. Yet with the focus on urgent and emergency care services, she warned that “the physicians’ story” was not being heard.

A straw poll of the audience of 450 international delegates spanning 30 different medical specialties indicated that many had …
Hsp70 Gene Transfer by Adeno-associated Virus Inhibits MPTP-Induced Nigrostriatal Degeneration in the Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Zhizhong Dong, David P. Wolfer, Hans-Peter Lipp, Hansruedi Büeler
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in Parkinson disease (PD). In addition, genetic evidence points to an important role of protein misfolding, aggregation, and failure in the proteasomal degradation of specific neuronal proteins in the pathogenesis of PD. The chaperone heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) reduces protein misfolding and aggregation and protects cells against a variety of adverse conditions, including oxidative stress. Moreover, Hsp70 exerts antiapoptotic activity by blocking the function of several key proapoptotic factors. Recently, Hsp70 was shown to inhibit alpha-synuclein toxicity in a Drosophila model of inherited PD. Here we tested the potential of Hsp70 (approved gene symbol HSPA1A) for gene therapy in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of idiopathic PD. We show that Hsp70 gene transfer to dopamine neurons by a recombinant adeno-associated virus significantly protects the mouse dopaminergic system against MPTP-induced dopamine neuron loss and the associated decline in striatal dopamine levels and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fibers. Hsp70 reduced MPTP-induced apoptosis in the substantia nigra, and unilateral protection of the dopaminergic system by Hsp70 was associated with increased amphetamine-induced turning toward the uninjected side. Collectively, these results suggest that increasing chaperone activity may be beneficial for the treatment of idiopathic PD.
CD: The Genetic Basis of Cancer
Authors: R. Camidge
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Karen Steinberg Oxford University Press, £65 ISBN 0 19 512675 0 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> What would it be like if society ever began judging people on what might happen to them rather than on what has already occurred? If DNA analysis revealed that you had an 80% chance of developing cancer during your lifetime would you be able to get medical insurance? If medical insurance became something that was usually paid for by employers would you find it difficult to get a job? The irony … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Magnetic resonance evaluation of hepatic and myocardial iron deposition in transfusion‐independent thalassemia intermedia compared to regularly transfused thalassemia major patients
Authors: Ali T. Taher, Khaled M. Musallam, John C. Wood, Maria Domenica Cappellini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

The 2009 American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting introduced novel strategies for the treatment of acute leukemia.Targeted inhibitors for both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represent the future of these malignancies.Inclusion of targeted treatment to combination chemotherapy may translate into improved cure rates.The most clinically relevant abstracts, all of which are published in the November 2009, 114 issue of Blood, are summarized below and are identified here by their abstract numbers.1.
Radiology of the Heart and Great Vessels
Authors: Augustin Formanek
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This completely rewritten and updated book is directed to all radiologists and to radiology residents. Perhaps for this reason, the book does not attempt to provide detailed information on the newer modalities of cardiac imaging. Rather, it deals mainly with roentgenography and cineangiography and only briefly with echocardiography and nuclear scans, although the discussions of the latter are good. The first seven of the 26 chapters are devoted to the roentgenographic appearance of the acquired and congenital heart diseases. The remaining 19 chapters discuss in detail the pathology of acquired and congenital diseases of the heart and aorta, diseases of the pulmonary vascular system, effects of systemic disease on the heart, cardiac pacemakers, and prosthetic valve replacement; a chapter devoted to trauma to the heart and great vessels is also included. The chapters are well organized and filled with details that even the specialist can appreciate. The standard x-ray film
Predominance of T lymphocytes in the dermal infiltrate of atopic dermatitis
Authors: L.R. BRAATHEN, O. FORRE, J.B. NATVIG, T. EEG-LARSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Tissue sections from diseased skin of sixteen patients with atopic dermatitis were investigated with haematoxylin-eosin and toluidine-blue staining, with direct immunofluorescence staining using FITC-conjugated antisera against IgG F(ab')2 and IgM, and with the indirect immunofluorescence method utilizing specific rabbit anti-human T lymphocyte antiserum with FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit Ig antiserum as the second layer. Furthermore, cryostat sections were investigated in a closed chamber immune adherence method using aminoethylisothiouronium bromide (AET) treated sheep red blood cells to detect E receptors on T lymphocytes, and with various types of coated sheep red blood cells to detect cells with IgG Fc receptors and complement factor C3b receptors. All sections presented dermal perivascular infiltrates of mononuclear cells as judged by haematoxylin-eosin staining. Staining with toluidine-blue demonstrated varying numbers of mast-cells, but in no case pathological increased number. The majority of the infiltrating cells presented rim-like membrane fluorescence with the anti-T antiserum, and the AET treated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) adhered to the infiltrates, thus indicating a predominance of T lymphocytes in the skin infiltrates of atopic dermatitis.
Monitoring the Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines into West Africa: Design and Implementation of a Population-Based Surveillance System
Authors: Grant A. Mackenzie, Ian D. Plumb, Sana Sambou, Debasish Saha, Uchendu Uchendu, Bolanle Akinsola, Usman N. Ikumapayi, Ignatius Baldeh, Effua Usuf, Kebba Touray, Momodou Jasseh, Stephen R. C. Howie, Andre Wattiaux, Ellen Lee, Maria Deloria Knoll, Orin S. Levine, Brian M. Greenwood, Richard A. Adegbola, Philip C. Hill
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Routine use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in developing countries is expected to lead to a significant reduction in childhood deaths. However, PCVs have been associated with replacement disease with non-vaccine serotypes. We established a population-based surveillance system to document the direct and indirect impact of PCVs on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and radiological pneumonia in those aged 2 months and older in The Gambia, and to monitor changes in serotype-specific IPD. Here we describe how this surveillance system was set up and is being operated as a partnership between the Medical Research Council Unit and the Gambian Government. This surveillance system is expected to provide crucial information for immunisation policy and serves as a potential model for those introducing routine PCV vaccination in diverse settings.
Cat ownership is a risk factor for the development of anti-cat IgE but not current wheeze at age 5 years in an inner-city cohort
Authors: Matthew S. Perzanowski, Ginger L. Chew, Adnan Divjan, Alina Johnson, Inge F. Goldstein, Robin S. Garfinkel, Lori A. Hoepner, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Frederica P. Perera, Rachel L. Miller
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
“Teach Me, and I Will Be Silent; Make Me Understand How I Have Erred.” (Job 6:24)
Authors: Margaret Seton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

On Being a Doctor21 March 2006“Teach Me, and I Will Be Silent; Make Me Understand How I Have Erred.” (Job 6:24)Margaret Seton, MDMargaret Seton, MDFrom Cambridge Health Alliance and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-6-200603210-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I would find him sitting in my examination room doing crossword puzzles, book after book of crossword puzzles. There he would be, a tall black man hunched over a difficult clue, gripping a dirty pencil, the nib worn. His face was scarred, as if someone had taken a woodcutter's tool and chiseled away at his skin—tunneling, excavating, and then discarding. Under the heavy-lidded eyes, which he would raise periodically with a “Do you really think so?” look, he would talk to me about his life. He reported his arguments with a neighboring tenant, his despair when the pain would recur, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Cambridge Health Alliance and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114.Corresponding Author: Margaret Seton, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Bulfinch 165, Boston, MA 02114. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 March 2006Volume 144, Issue 6Page: 449-450KeywordsAcneArthritisHypertensionInflammatory arthritisLesionsPyodermaSoapsSteroidsSurgeryTouch ePublished: 21 March 2006 Issue Published: 21 March 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Clarification of Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Philip B. Gorelick
Journal: JAMA (1981)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— Dr Neil R. Miller's discussion of Sudden Onset of Diplopia While Jogging (1981;245:1363) presents the diagnosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA), which deserves clarification. Transient ischemic attacks are episodes of temporary and focal neurological  of vascular origin. They are rapid in onset and resolution and are followed by complete neurological recovery. Most are brief, lasting about 15 minutes, though some can persist for 12 to 24 hours. Residual neurological  after a period of 24 hours is clear evidence of cerebral infarction. Ischemic stroke in which gradual improvement or full recovery has taken place is designated reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND).By these definitions the diagnosis of TIA is incorrect, as the patient's  lasted beyond 24 hours. A more appropriate diagnosis, RIND, could be used to classify vascular disease as a differential diagnostic possibility in this case.
Short-term hemodynamic effects of vasopressin V1-receptor inhibition in chronic right-sided congestive heart failure.
Authors: C K Stone, C S Liang, N Imai, S Sakamoto, C D Sladek, W B Hood
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Arginine vasopressin is elevated in congestive heart failure. To determine the effect of arginine vasopressin upon systemic hemodynamics and regional blood flows, we administered the specific inhibitor of the vascular action of vasopressin [1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid),2-(O-methyl)-tyrosine]-arginine vasopressin [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP] to 15 dogs with chronic right-heart failure produced by tricuspid avulsion and progressive pulmonary artery constriction. The animals exhibited increased plasma arginine vasopressin and norepinephrine levels. Vasopressin inhibition increased cardiac output and left ventricular dP/dt and dP/dt/P, and it decreased total peripheral vascular resistance, whereas mean aortic pressure did not change significantly. Simultaneously, blood flow increased to skeletal muscle, kidneys, skin, and right and left ventricular myocardium. Plasma catecholamines also increased. Pretreatment with propranolol and prazosin abolished the increases in cardiac output and left ventricular function produced by vasopressin inhibition. Pretreatment also led to a decrease in mean aortic pressure after vasopressor inhibition. In contrast, administration of d(CH)2)5Tyr(Me)AVP to 11 sham-operated animals or administration of normal saline to nine sham-operated and eight heart-failure dogs was without effect either in the absence or in the presence of adrenergic receptor blockade. Thus, arginine vasopressin participates in the control of the circulation in right-sided congestive heart failure, with both a direct constrictor action on blood vessels and an indirect action by inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system.
Antigen CD34+ marrow cells engraft lethally irradiated baboons.
Authors: R J Berenson, R G Andrews, W I Bensinger, D Kalamasz, G Knitter, C D Buckner, I D Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The CD34 antigen is present on 1-4% of human marrow cells including virtually all hematopoietic progenitors detected by in vitro assays. Since the anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody 12-8 reacts with a similar marrow population in baboons, it was possible to test whether this antigen is expressed by stem cells responsible for hematopoietic reconstitution in vivo. CD34+ cells were enriched from marrows of five baboons using avidin-biotin immunoadsorption. After lethal irradiation, the five animals were given 15-27 X 10(6) autologous marrow cells (3.2-4.4 X 10(6) cells/kg) containing 65-91% CD34+ cells. All animals achieved granulocyte counts greater than 1,000/mm3 and platelet counts greater than 20 X 10(3)/mm3 by 13-24 d posttransplant and subsequently developed normal peripheral blood counts. Two additional animals received 184 and 285 X 10(6) marrow cells/kg depleted of CD34+ cells. One animal died at day 29 without engraftment, while the other had pancytopenia for greater than 100 d posttransplant. The data suggest that stem cells responsible for hematopoietic reconstitution are CD34+.
Incidental Finding of Thyroid Uptake of Tc-99m Tetrofosmin on a Myocardial Perfusion Scan
Authors: Shanthi Kannan, Aravind S. Ravi Kumar, Matthew Griffiths
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A 46-year-old woman with known Graves' disease underwent a Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion scan (MPS) for investigation of chest pain. The study showed a mildly dilated left ventricle but no evidence of myocardial ischemia. Routine planar images of the thorax showed prominent, diffuse thyroid uptake. Delayed clearance of Tc-99m sestamibi from the thyroid has been reported in Graves' disease, but not with Tc-99m tetrofosmin in this condition. Increased Tc-99m tetrofosmin uptake has been reported in subacute thyroiditis. Systematic evaluation of projection and planar images on MPS are necessary for diagnosing noncardiac findings.
Cross talk between corticosteroids and alpha-adrenergic signalling augments cardiomyocyte hypertrophy: A possible role for SGK1
Authors: K LISTER, D AUTELITANO, A JENKINS, R HANNAN, K SHEPPARD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective Mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases; however, both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that changes in the cellular milieu of either the cardiomyocyte and/or cells of the vasculature is required for corticosteroid signalling to be pathological. The aim of the current study was to directly address whether signalling pathways that are activated during myocyte hypertrophy alter corticosteroid signalling and thus enable these steroids to significantly impact on the hypertrophic response.
Brazil and India file complaint against EU over seizure of generic drugs
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

India and Brazil have filed legal proceedings against the European Union and the Netherlands over the seizure of generic drugs in transit, alleging that the actions breach global rules and undermine public health in poor nations.

The two countries, in separate complaints filed with the World Trade Organization (WTO), claim that in 2008 and 2009 customs authorities seized consignments of generic drugs on grounds that the shipments were suspected of infringing patent rights ( BMJ 2009;338:b1002, doi:10.1136/bmj.b1002).

India says that Dutch authorities seized at least 19 consignments of generic drugs in transit in 2008 and 2009, 16 of which originated in India. These included a consignment of the antiretroviral abacavir from India, bought on behalf of the drug purchasing agency UNITAID …
Tricyclic Antidepressants-Reply
Authors: Neal Cutler
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Cohen-Cole interprets our use of the term "neurotic" as an endorsement of a diagnostic and classification system. We use the terms "neurotic," "reactive," and "minor depressive syndrome" because we believe that they are more easily recognized by nonpsychiatric practitioners than a technical nomenclature that is not only unadopted but is also rapidly evolving and whose intricacies may produce as many problems as solutions. For example, Dr Cohen-Cole invokes the term "major depressive episode." To our knowledge, this term appears nowhere in the<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, III</i>. The term "depressive episode" is used to refer to a depressive syndrome that is basically identical to the syndrome we described in the article and the previous paragraph. In the manual, the word "major" is only used to refer to one type of serious depressive episode, a "major depressive disorder," which may occur as a single episode
Adapalene 0·1% gel and adapalene 0·1% cream stimulate retinoic acid receptor mediated gene transcription without significant irritative effects in the skin of healthy human volunteers
Authors: None Griffiths, None Ancian, None Humphries, None Poncet, None Rizova, None Michel, None Clucas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A randomized, investigator masked, intra individual comparative study was conducted in 30 healthy volunteers to compare the cutaneous effects of adapalene 0.1% gel and adapalene 0.1% cream with their respective vehicles, using tretinoin 0.05% cream (n = 21) or tretinoin 0.1% cream (n = 9) and a tretinoin cream vehicle (n = 30) as controls. The products were applied to hip/buttock skin for 4 days under occlusive conditions. Cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) mRNA levels were measured using the RT-PCR technique in punch biopsies taken from 10 subjects. Epidermal thickness was assessed using image analysis of haematoxylin and eosin stained sections from another 11 subjects. Erythema was assessed in all subjects both by a visual scoring system and by chromameter. Adapalene 0.1% gel and adapalene 0.1% cream produced similar significant increases in CRABP-II mRNA levels compared to their vehicles (P < 0.01). The two tretinoin formulations also resulted in similar significant increases in CRABP-II compared to the cream vehicle (P < 0.001). However, only the two tretinoin formulations resulted in an increase in epidermal thickness and only the tretinoin 0.1% cream resulted in significant erythema. Adapalene 0.1% gel and adapalene 0.1% cream induce RAR-mediated gene expression to a similar degree in this model, without the irritant effects of tretinoin.
Transmission of Hepatitis B During Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Jack Stapleton, Stanley Lemon
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The capillary blood sampler is widely used for home blood glucose monitoring. We suspect that it played a central role in the transmission of hepatitis B virus to the wife of one of our patients. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> The patient called us for information regarding postexposure immunoprophylaxis for hepatitis B. His wife had become jaundiced, and test results were found to be positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Neither our patient nor his wife used intravenous drugs, were health care workers, or had any sexual contact with persons known to have hepatitis B. The wife was a diabetic and monitored her blood glucose level using a capillary blood sampler. She worked in a hair salon with a male homosexual who has chronic hepatitis B virus infection and who had experienced several episodes of shakiness, dizziness, and diaphoresis that resolved with the ingestion of sugar. Our patient's
Hepatic expression of c-Myb in chronic human liver disease
Authors: T Kitada
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

C-Myb is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein that regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. The present study was designed to elucidate the role of c-Myb in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease by an immunohistochemical approach. In normal (control) livers, few or no hepatic cells were positive for c-Myb. In livers from patients with chronic viral hepatitis, positive staining for c-Myb was found not only in spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells in expanded portal areas, but also in perisinusoidal cells (PSCs) within liver lobules. In cirrhotic livers, a few PSCs within lobules were positive for c-Myb, while no staining was seen in fibrous septa. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that c-Myb-positive PSCs displayed morphological features of hepatic stellate cells. Other sinusoidal lining cells including Kupffer cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells, as well as hepatocytes, were all negative for c-Myb. Dual c-Myb/α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) staining revealed that more than 97% of c-Myb-positive cells were αSMA-positive. Moreover, dual c-Myb/proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining showed that approximately 70% of c-Myb-positive cells also expressed PCNA. The labeling index (LI) (number of c-Myb-positive cells/0.1 mm2) significantly correlated with serum transaminase concentrations and increased in parallel with the disease activity. However, the LI showed no correlation with the degree of fibrosis. These results suggest that c-Myb may be involved in stellate cell activation and proliferation in chronically diseased human livers, and that the level of c-Myb expression is associated with the activity of chronic hepatitis.
G protein–dependent basal and evoked endothelial cell vWF secretion
Authors: Luiza Rusu, Alexandra Andreeva, David J. Visintine, Kyungho Kim, Stephen M. Vogel, Aleksandra Stojanovic-Terpo, Olga Chernaya, Guoquan Liu, Farnaz R. Bakhshi, Sandra L. Haberichter, Hiroko Iwanari, Osamu Kusano-Arai, Nobuchika Suzuki, Takao Hamakubo, Tohru Kozasa, Jaehyung Cho, Xiaoping Du, Richard D. Minshall
Journal: Blood (2013)