tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pre–T Cell Receptor (Tcr) and Tcr-Controlled Checkpoints in T Cell Differentiation Are Set by Ikaros
Authors: Susan Winandy, Li Wu, Jin-Hong Wang, Katia Georgopoulos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

T cell differentiation relies on pre–T cell receptor (TCR) and TCR signaling events that take place at successive steps of the pathway. Here, we show that two of these T cell differentiation checkpoints are regulated by Ikaros. In the absence of Ikaros, double negative thymocytes can differentiate to the double positive stage without expression of a pre-TCR complex. Subsequent events in T cell development mediated by TCR involving transition from the double positive to the single positive stage are also regulated by Ikaros. Nonetheless, in Ikaros-deficient thymocytes, the requirement of pre-TCR expression for expansion of immature thymocytes as they progress to the double positive stage is still maintained, and the T cell malignancies that invariably arise in the thymus of Ikaros-deficient mice are dependent on either pre-TCR or TCR signaling. We conclude that Ikaros regulates T cell differentiation, selection, and homeostasis by providing signaling thresholds for pre-TCR and TCR.
Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Human Inflammatory Exudate
Authors: M. E. J. Billingham, B. V. Robinson, J. M. Robson
Journal: BMJ (1969)

An inflammatory exudate collected from a site of major surgery (partial gastrectomy) was found to possess definite anti-inflammatory properties when tested by the carrageenin oedema technique (a method widely adopted for the assessment of potential anti-rheumatic agents). Such anti-inflammatory properties could not be detected in the serum of normal healthy adults or in an abdominal asdtes fluid. The active component in the exudate showed several properties in common with a similar anti-inflammatory substance present in inflammatory exudates of animal origin.
Hepatic processing of transforming growth factor beta in the rat. Uptake, metabolism, and biliary excretion.
Authors: R J Coffey, L J Kost, R M Lyons, H L Moses, N F LaRusso
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), a recently discovered polypeptide, modulates growth of normal and neoplastic cells. Since little is known concerning in vivo disposition of TGF beta, we performed studies to examine the hepatic processing of biologically active 125I-TGF beta in the rat. After intravenous injection, 125I-TGF beta disappeared from the plasma with an initial t1/2 of 2.2 min; partial hepatectomy delayed the plasma disappearance of 125I-TGF beta by 80%. 60 min after intrafemoral injection, 63% of the recovered label was present in liver and/or bile; by 90 min, most of the label removed by the liver (83%) had been slowly excreted into bile. Nearly all the label in bile (96%) was soluble in trichloracetic acid and not immunoprecipitable by specific antiserum. Colchicine and vinblastine inhibited cumulative biliary excretion of label by 28 and 37%, respectively; chloroquine and leupeptin each increased the amount of label in bile that was precipitable by trichloracetic acid and that coeluted with authentic 125I-TGF beta on molecular sieve chromatography. There was efficient first-pass hepatic extraction of 125I-TGF beta (36%) in the isolated perfused rat liver, which was inhibited by unlabeled TGF beta (but not by epidermal growth factor, EGF) and by lectins in a dose-dependent manner; prolonged fasting also decreased clearance (26%). After fractionation of liver by differential or isopycnic centrifugation, radiolabel codistributed with marker enzymes for lysosomes. The results indicate rapid, extensive, inhibitable, and organ-selective extraction of TGF beta by the liver. After extraction, TGF beta undergoes efficient transhepatic transport, extensive intracellular metabolism, and slow but complete biliary excretion of its metabolites. Liver fractionation studies and pharmacologic manipulations suggest that these processes are associated with organelles that include microtubules and lysosomes. The data suggest that the liver is a major target tissue or site of metabolism for biologically active TGF beta.
Differential Effects of Systemic Corticosteroids on Serum Eosinophil Cationic Protein and Cytokine Profile in Rhinovirus- and RS virus-induced Acute Exacerbation of Childhood Asthma
Authors: M. Kato, Y. Yamada, K. Maruyama, Y. Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Diagnosis of Inflammatory Diseases of the Colon: Comparative Endoscopic and Roentgenological Examinations
Authors: G. Lux, P. Frühmorgen, J. Phillip, J. Zeus
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

In a total of 409 patients with inflammatory disease of the colon information provided by colonoscopy with biopsy and barium contrast enema was compared. In 156 of these patients the endoscopic diagnosis was ulcerative colitis, the results of biopsy showed agreement in 111 of 141 patients (78.2 %). Radiological confirmation of ulcerative colitis diagnosed endoscopically (n = 122) was possible in 49.2 % (n = 60) in respect of diagnosis, and in 21.3 % (n = 26) with regard to the localization of the disease. In 89 patients with ulcerative colitis demonstrated by colonoscopy and biopsy, an agreement in respect of diagnosis was found in 55.1 % (n = 49) and with regard to the extent of the disease, in 27 % (n = 24). Crohn's disease of the colon was diagnosed in 206 patients at colonoscopy. On the basis of biopsy, granulomas were demonstrated in up to 26.9 %. In 125 patients with Crohn's disease verified at colonoscopy, the double-contrast barium enema revealed the diagnosis in 56.8 % (n = 71). The two methods disagreed with respect to the extent of the disease in 72.8% (n = 91) of the cases. Despite the proven greater accuracy of endoscopy plus biopsy, the double contrast enema technique remains a diagnostic procedure, the possibilities of which should be made use of, in particular within the framework of initial examinations. Normal X-ray film of the colon, however, does not exclude the presence of inflammatory changes in the colon. Colonoscopy with biopsy provides additional information in a high percentage of the patients.
Second US appeal court rules in favour of US health reform
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Obama administration gained a second appeal court victory last week concerning its health reform law.

On 8 September a three judge panel of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, dismissed two challenges to the US health reform law, known as the Affordable Care Act, which was passed in March 2010 ( BMJ 2010;340:c1635, doi:10.1136/bmj.c1635). So far two appeal courts have ruled that the law is constitutional and one has said that the law is unconstitutional ( BMJ 2011;343:d4236, doi:10.1136/bmj.d4236; 2011;343:d5257, doi:10.1136/bmj.d5257).

However, the Fourth Circuit Court did not concern itself with the …
THE RELATION OF HEREDITARY EYE DEFECTS TO GENETICS AND EUGENICS
Authors: LUCIEN HOWE
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Of late years, while trying to learn something about ocular muscles, I have been confronted often by questions concerning heredity. I have found, as others doubtless have, three, four or even more persons in the same family with a similar form of heterophoria, heterotropia, predisposition to ocular fatigue, or similar abnormal muscular conditions. It seemed impossible to study these anomalies satisfactorily without first halting to learn something about that mystery which we call heredity. It is understood that "genetics" is a general term including everything that pertains to generation. Heredity is more specific, dealing with "the organic relationship between generations." As defined by Davenport, "it is the phenomenon of the recurrence of traits in blood relatives due to the persistence of their determiners in the germ plasm." Eugenics refers, of course, to the improvement of a race by selected breeding. It is not possible here to give any systematic account
Effects Of Rupatadine On Platelet Activating Factor (PAF)-induced Human Mast Cell Degranulation Compared With Desloratadine And Levocetirizine
Authors: R. Munoz-Cano, I. Torres-Atencio, E. Ainsua, M. Martin Andorra, J. Sanchez-Lopez, J. Bartra, C. Picado, A. Valero Santiago
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
P5-12-01: Aromatase Inhibitor Specific Metastasis Is Driven by the Steroid Receptor Coactivator SRC-1.
Authors: SM Theissen, J McBryan, C Byrne, E Hughes, S Cocchiglia, AD Hill, LS Young
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Aromatase Inhibitors are currently one of the most promising therapies of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Even though many women initially respond to the treatment, approximately 30–40% will acquire resistance and relapse within 5 years. The mechanisms involved in the development of resistance to AIs however are poorly understood as long term follow up is only now becoming available. To investigate the mechanisms involved in AI-specific tumour recurrence, we generated a cell line resistant to the AI Letrozole (LetR) and examined a cohort of endocrine treated breast cancer patients (n=150). In patients treated with a first-line AI (n=89), we found that hormone receptor switching between the primary tumour and the resistant metastasis was a common feature of disease recurrence. More so, this switch accompanied the development of a phenotype displaying an increase in migratory capacity and loss of organisation. Both the resistant cell model and AI resistant tumour samples expressed high levels of the steroid receptor coactivator SRC-1. We also found that the interaction between SRC-1 and the transcription factor Ets2 was involved in the regulation of Myc and MMP9 expression and that SRC-1 was required for the aggressive AI resistant phenotype. Expression of SRC-1 in the primary and/or recurrent tumour associated with poor disease free survival (p=0.01, n=89) in the AI treated population. A significant coassociation between SRC-1 and Ets2 in the nucleus of the recurrent tissue compared with the matched primary tumour was also observed (p=0.0004, n=3). These data describe a novel signaling mechanism of AI-specific metastatic progression where SRC-1 utilizes Ets2 to promote de-differentiation and migration to drive disease progression. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-01.
An Omission Rectified
Authors: Spence Meighan
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pressure-independent enhancement of cardiac hypertrophy in natriuretic peptide receptor A–deficient mice
Authors: Joshua W. Knowles, Giovanni Esposito, Lan Mao, John R. Hagaman, Jennifer E. Fox, Oliver Smithies, Howard A. Rockman, Nobuyo Maeda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Mice lacking natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) have marked cardiac hypertrophy and chamber dilatation disproportionate to their increased blood pressure (BP), suggesting, in support of previous in vitro data, that the NPRA system moderates the cardiac response to hypertrophic stimuli. Here, we have followed the changes in cardiac function in response to altered mechanical load on the heart of NPRA-null mice (Npr1–/–). Chronic treatment with either enalapril, furosemide, hydralazine, or losartan were all effective in reducing and maintaining BP at normal levels without affecting heart weight/body weight. In the reverse direction, we used transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce pressure overload. In the Npr1–/– mice, TAC resulted in a 15-fold increase in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) expression, a 55% increase in left ventricular weight/body weight (LV/BW), dilatation of the LV, and significant decline in cardiac function. In contrast, banded Npr1+/+ mice showed only a threefold increase in ANP expression, an 11% increase in LV/BW, a 0.2 mm decrease in LV end diastolic dimension, and no change in fractional shortening. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases that occurs in response to TAC did not differ in the Npr1+/+ and Npr1–/– mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the NPRA system has direct antihypertrophic actions in the heart, independent of its role in BP control.
The Health-Care System
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

The health-care system of this country is a staggering enterprise, in any sense of the adjective. Whatever the failures of distribution and lack of co-ordination, it is the gigantic scale and scope of the total collective effort that first catches the breath, and its cost. The dollar figures are almost beyond grasping. They vary from year to year, always upward, ranging from something like $10 billion in 1950 to an estimated $115 billion in 1975, with much more to come in the years just ahead, whenever a national-health-insurance program is installed. The official guess is that we are now investing . . .
Association between availability of non-prescription beta 2 agonist inhalers and undertreatment of asthma.
Authors: P Gibson, D Henry, L Francis, D Cruickshank, F Dupen, N Higginbotham, R Henry, D Sutherland
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the availability of beta 2 agonist inhalers without prescription leads to undertreatment of asthma. DESIGN--Cross sectional study of adequacy of treatment in asthmatic subjects who purchased beta 2 agonist inhalers and subjects who obtained inhalers by prescription. SETTING--Community pharmacies in New South Wales, Australia. SUBJECTS--403 eligible consecutive asthmatic subjects aged 13 to 55 purchasing salbutamol metered dose inhalers over the counter or by prescription; 197 attended for follow up and spirometry and 139 returned 14 day symptom, peak flow, and medication diaries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Severity of asthma assessed on frequency of day time and night time wheezing, frequency of inhaler use, and peak expiratory flow rates. Adequacy of treatment according to published guidelines. RESULTS--Of the 139 patients who completed the diary 83, (60%) purchased their inhalers without prescription and 83 were undertreated. The characteristics of patients in the prescription and purchasing groups were similar. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified use of non-prescribed salbutamol as being associated with a 2.9-fold increase in the odds of undertreatment (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 6.8). Smoking increased the odds of undertreatment (3.3, 1.2 to 9.5) and use of a peak flow meter reduced the odds (0.11, 0.04 to 0.34). Adjustment for frequency of consultation made use of non-prescription salbutamol insignificant (1.4, 0.55 to 3.8). Attitudes to services provided by doctors and pharmacists were favourable and not associated with undertreatment. CONCLUSION--Over the counter purchase of salbutamol is associated with infrequent consultation with doctors and undertreatment of asthma.
Quinine Sulfate Warning
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Glimpse at Medicine Abroad
Authors: Jeffrey Kunz
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In these days of supersonic air transport and satellite communications, we often are reminded of John Donne's admonition, "No man is an island, entire of itself." Newspapers headline that the international heroin syndicate has established new import routes into our country. Nightly news reports alert us to a contagion dubbed the "Russian flu." No doubt we all feel a sense of relief as the World Health Organization proclaims that variola major has been eradicated from the earth. Yet if foreign lands have their dangers, they also have their delights. Certainly one of travel's pleasures is observing how the necessities of life are handled in new and diverse ways. Can one forget how delicious a simple snack of bread and cheese tasted along a French roadside? Or how graceful a sarong-clad figure looked in the South Pacific? The pleasures of a<i>caseta</i>on a warm afternoon in Lima? Food, clothing, shelter—all
Multiple Urinary Calculi Of 44 Years' Duration
Authors: Robert J. Farrell
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A 64-year-old white woman gave a history of urinary calculi dating back to 1920 when at the age of 20 she had a bladder stone removed which was the size of a hen's egg. She had an appendectomy at the same time. In 1936 she had a stone removed from her right ureter. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> This patient has two children living and well. The first was born in 1923, three years after the removal of the bladder stone, the second two years later. From 1930 to 1942 she had five spontaneous abortions after one- to four-month periods of gestation. These may or may not have been related to her urinary pathology. On April 1, 1942, a nephrogram (Figure 1), taken with the ureteral catheters in place and with no dye injected, revealed huge bilateral staghorn calculi. For the next 24 years the patient got along
Effect of microwave oven on implanted cardiac pacemaker
Authors: G. R. King
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  Although the effects of external radio-frequency radiation on implanted cardiac pacemakers have received much attention in the literature (Lichter I, Borrie J, Miller WM: Radio-frequency hazards with cardiac pacemakers. Brit Med J  1 :1513, 1965; Carleton RA, Sessions RW, Graettinger JS: Environmental influence on implantable cardiac pacemakers. JAMA  190 :938, 1964; Siddons H, Sowton E: Cardiac Pacemakers . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 1967, pp 99-102), to our knowledge high-frequency stimuli from microwave ovens have not previously been reported to interfere with pacemaker function. We have recently observed such an interference.  Report of a Case.—  A 68-year-old white male physician developed complete A-V block during November 1969. The patient subsequently experienced dyspnea and pedal edema, but did not develop syncope. On Nov 24, 1969, a ventricular sensing pacemaker (Medtronic Corporation, Model #5841) was implanted through the left external jugular vein; the pulse generator was placed in a
Elevated Serum Chromogranin A Concentrations in Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: ROBERT E. SOBOL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Serum chromogranin A concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay in patients with small-cell lung carcinoma were compared with values from healthy adults and patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The mean (± SE) level was significantly higher (p≤ 0.02) in patients with smallcell lung carcinoma (815 ± 290 ng/mL,n= 46) than in normal controls (123 ± 6 ng/mL,n= 20) or patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (169 ± 18 ng/mL,n= 39), lung adenocarcinoma (180 ± 22, ng/mL,n= 62), large-cell lung carcinoma (183 ± 23 ng/mL,n=18), or lung epidermoid carcinoma (203 ± 37 ng/mL,n= 78). The mean concentration in extensive-stage smallcell lung carcinoma (1155 ± 449 ng/mL,n= 29) was significantly greater (p=0.026) than in limited disease (234 ± 56 ng/mL,n=17). Elevated serum chromogranin A values were seen in 53% of patients with limited and 72% with extensive disease. Four patients originally classified as having non-small-cell lung carcinomas with raised chromogranin A levels were subsequently found to have mixed small-cell and non-small-cell tumors. Serum chromogranin A concentrations may be a useful marker of small-cell lung carcinoma disease activity.
Two post-operative epidermoid cysts following realignment of the hallux nail
Authors: R. BARAN, H. BUREAU
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Two post‐operative epidermoid cysts following realignment of the hallux nail Get access R. BARAN, R. BARAN Dermatological Unit, Cannes General Hospital, Cannes Dr Robert Baran, 42 rue des Serbes, 06400 Cannes, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. BUREAU H. BUREAU Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Department, C.H.U. ‘La Timone’, Marseille, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 2, 1 August 1988, Pages 245–247, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03207.x Published: 01 August 1988