tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized comparison of interferon α and hydroxyurea with hydroxyurea monotherapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-study II): prolongation of survival by the combination of interferon α and hydroxyurea
Authors: R Hehlmann, U Berger, M Pfirrmann, A Hochhaus, G Metzgeroth, O Maywald, J Hasford, A Reiter, D K Hossfeld, H-J Kolb, H Löffler, H Pralle, W Queißer, M Griesshammer, C Nerl, R Kuse, A Tobler, H Eimermacher, A Tichelli, C Aul, M Wilhelm, J T Fischer, M Perker, C Scheid, M Schenk, J Weiß, C R Meier, S Kremers, L Labedzki, T Schmeiser, H-P Lohrmann, H Heimpel
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Swifter action on suspensions could save 14m
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Informal leave, sometimes called “gardening leave,” and formal suspension of clinical staff costs the NHS £29m ($49m; €42m) a year, says a new report published this week by the National Audit Office. It calls for greater transparency, openness, and speed in managing investigations.

The office investigated over 1000 cases where clinical staff had been excluded in the period April 2001 to July 2002 and found that if exclusions were managed more efficiently and concluded within six months it would save the NHS £14m a year.

The report found that doctors accounted for 200 of the exclusions, …
Bone marrow: An extra-pancreatic hideout for the elusive pancreatic stem cell?
Authors: Vivian M. Lee, Markus Stoffel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: muscle LIM protein (MLP); phospholamban (PLN); cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA2a); β-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 (βARK1); sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
Problem Solving Records
Authors: Roy R. Grinker
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I believe it is only fair in this era of "Problem Solving Records" that credit for priority be given to the person who originated this process. Horace Rimoldi, MD, PhD, formerly from Loyola University, Chicago, and new director of the Psychological Institute of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, began his studies on this subject in 1954. Among his 16 papers only two need be cited. "Test of Diagnostic Skills" in the<i>Journal of Medical Education</i>(38:5, 1961), and "Sequented Evaluation of Problem Solving Processes" in<i>Le Travail Humain</i>, July and December, 1962.
Familial Mediterranean Fever (Periodic Peritonitis)
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent query concerns an otherwise healthy 18-year-old man who has had nine episodes of pleuritis in 30 months. Fever of 38 °C and leukocytosis with 22,000 WBCs concur. Roentgenograms during two episodes, but not in three others, showed density in the left lower lobe. Cough and sputum are absent. Further data may be helpful in making a diagnosis, especially if the patient is of Jewish, Armenian, Turkish, or Arabic descent. How long do episodes last and are they uniform? Similar cases have occurred, two with pericarditis during periodic peritonitis.<sup>1</sup>Another 18-year-old man had weekly episodes of stethalgia and fever for six years.<sup>2</sup>Should a diagnosis of periodic pleuritis be established, colchicine would suppress the patients' episodes and serve as diagnostic proof. The pulmonary infiltrate mentioned may be atelectatic. If so, no biopsy or other study would be needed.
The fortysomething barrier: medicine and age discrimination.
Authors: P Forster
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Agism in the medical profession is mainly covert but it is not uncommon. It is widely believed that people become less productive as they get older. However, research has shown that older people have less absenteeism, more job stability, and greater output than younger workers. Job losses, which until recently were unheard of in the NHS, usually affect older people first, resulting in the loss of those with the most skill and experience. With an aging population it is important that the government takes steps to discourage age discrimination in the NHS and Britain as a whole.
Impact of genetic SLC28 transporter and ITPA variants on ribavirin serum level, hemoglobin drop and therapeutic response in patients with HCV infection
Authors: Monika Rau, Felix Stickel, Stefan Russmann, Christine N. Manser, Philip P. Becker, Michael Weisskopf, Johannes Schmitt, Michael T. Dill, Jean-François Dufour, Darius Moradpour, David Semela, Beat Müllhaupt, Andreas Geier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Clinical Trials of p-(Di-2-chloroethylamine)-phenylbutyric Acid (CB 1348) in Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: D. A. G. Galton, L. G. Israels, J. D. N. Nabarro, M. Till
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Everett, Roberts, and Ross (1953) synthesized a series of water-soluble aromatic nitrogen mustards, one of which, p-(di-2-chloroethylamino)-phenylbutyric acid (CB 1348), was found to be a powerful inhibitor of the transplanted Walker rat tumour 256 (Haddow, 1952) and was sub- mitted for clinical trial.Ninety-three patients suffering from advanced car- cinoma and from lymphomas have been treated with CB 1348 since September, 1952.This report concerns only the cases of malignant lymphoma, of which there were 76.Fourteen of these have been omitted from the report because the diagnosis was in doubt, because of inadequate follow-up, or because incomplete treatment was given.The 62 remaining cases include 23 of Hodgkin's disease, 20 of lymphocytic lymphoma (including eight cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia), 11 of reticulum-cell sarcoma, 6 of follicular lymphoma, and 1 each of generalized exfoliative erythrodermia and mycosis fungoides.
Integration of the Psychosomatic Approach with Internal Medicine: Development of Concepts and Preliminary Results of Evaluation of Doctor-Patient Interaction
Authors: K. Köhle, E. Gaus, C. Simons, C. Westphale
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

An account is presented of an attempt (made in the period between 1972 and 1979) to integrate a psychosomatic approach in routine patient care in a medical hospital. Following disappointment with a service run on a consultation-liaison basis, patient care on a small general medical ward was reorganized systematically according to psychosomatic principles. Within this relatively independent subsystem of the hospital, it was possible to integrate the medical and the psychosomatic aspects into a single approach. The organizational concept for the ward is described; first results are reported of an attempt to evaluate the factual changes in doctor-patient communication during the daily ward round. This communication was studied in the form of verbal contacts between doctor and patient. Finally a summary is presented of the advantages of the integrated approach over the traditional consultation-liaison service.
Targeting chromatin remodelers to treat hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Manlio Vinciguerra
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

We read with great interest the article by Zhang et al.1 in which the authors demonstrate that pharmacological targeting of the chromatin remodeling enzymes histone deacetylases (HDAC) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth. The authors showed that HCC cells display differential sensitivity to the HDAC inhibitor SAHA and PARP inhibitor olaparib, and identified two cell lines with sensitive versus resistant phenotype to both enzyme inhibitors, respectively. Moreover, using these compounds they extensively characterize the signaling pathway involved in the repair of DNA strand breaks and in cell survival. Although these findings suggest that combination therapy with both SAHA and olaparib inhibitors may be a strategy for therapy of sensitive HCC cells, there are some aspects that I believe need to be stressed. Poly ADP ribosylation by PARP is indispensable for recruitment and activation of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler ALC1 (amplified in liver cancer 1).2 ALC1 is an important oncogene implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC. Aberrant amplification/overexpression of ALC1 is present in about 50% of all HCC cases and ALC1-overexpressing cells exhibit increased colony formation in soft agar and increased tumorigenicity in nude mice.3 HepG2, shown by Zhang et al.1 to be the most responsive cell line to SAHA and olaparib, display much higher ALC1 expression than human HCC tissue.3 It would be interesting to see if the two cell lines described by Zhang et al. express ALC1 and at which levels, and to what extent findings with olaparib are exploitable by clinics in the half of HCC cases that are ALC1 negative. SAHA is an effective inhibitor of HCC growth. Nonetheless, liver-specific inhibition of SAHA-targeted class I HDAC3 gene causes steatosis and disruption of circadian rhythms in normal liver parenchyma by impinging on multiple signaling pathways in mice.4 Without well-designed in vivo studies it will be hard to assess the efficacy of epigenetic combinatorial HCC therapy and the effects of these drugs on healthy surrounding liver tissue. Manlio Vinciguerra Ph.D.*, * Head of Epigenetics of Fatty Liver Diseases Unit, Institute of Hepatology, Harold Samuel House, London, UK.
Electrocardiographic and Hemodynamic Effects of a Multicomponent Dietary Supplement Containing Ephedra and Caffeine
Authors: Brian F. McBride, Angeliki K. Karapanos, Agnes Krudysz, Jeffrey Kluger, Craig I. Coleman, C. Michael White
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Metabolife 356, a multicomponent dietary supplement containing ephedra and caffeine (DSEC) in addition to several other components, is the top-selling dietary weight loss supplement. Given its common use, anecdotal reports of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events, and paucity of safety data, further research with this DSEC was warranted.To determine the impact of the DSEC on corrected QT (QTc) interval duration and systolic blood pressure (SBP).Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study conducted from January to May 2003.Fifteen healthy volunteers (mean [SD] age, 26.7 [2.52] years; weight, 72.7 [14.93] kg), 6 (40%) of whom were women, recruited from the University of Connecticut, Storrs campus.A single dose of the DSEC (containing 19 ingredients including ephedra [12 mg] and caffeine [40 mg]) or matching placebo were administered in a crossover fashion with a 7-day washout period between treatments.Maximal QTc interval and SBP assessed at 1, 3, and 5 hours after dosing for the DSEC relative to placebo.Individuals receiving the DSEC had a longer maximal QTc interval (mean [SD], 419.4 [11.8] vs 396.1 [15.7] milliseconds; P<.001) and higher SBP (mean [SD], 123.5 [10.98] vs 118.93 [9.62] mm Hg; P =.009) compared with placebo. Participants who received the DSEC were more likely to experience a QTc interval increase of at least 30 milliseconds vs placebo (8 individuals [53.3%] vs 1 individual [6.7%]; relative risk, 2.67 [95% confidence interval, 1.40-5.10]). There were no significant sex-related differences.The ephedra- and caffeine-containing dietary supplement Metabolife 356 increased the mean maximal QTc interval and SBP. Since the actual ingredient or ingredients in Metabolife 356 responsible for these findings are not known, patients should be instructed to avoid this and similar dietary supplements until more information is known about their safety.
SHORT AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF DIFFERENT REVASCULARIZATION STRATEGIES IN PATIENTS WITH END STAGE RENAL DISEASE ON HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Abel E. Moreyra, Peter Hynes, Yingzi Deng, Nora M. Cosgrove, Christopher Brown, John S. Pantazopoulos, John B. Kostis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Detection of Right-to-Left Shunts with an Arterial Potentiometric Electrode
Authors: LELAND C. CLARK, L. M. BARGERON, CHAMP LYONS, MERRILL N. BRADLEY, KATRINA T. McARTHUR
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Saline solution saturated with hydrogen is completely cleared of hydrogen in passing through the normal lung. The presence of dissolved hydrogen, which can be detected with a platinum electrode, in the aorta following the injection of hydrogen saturated solutions into the right heart is therefore diagnostic of a right-to-left shunt. Localization of the shunt is made by a series of injections into the various chambers of the heart. Since the electrode also responds to increased concentrations of sodium ascorbate, this substance can be used as an indicator in itself and as a test to establish the functional ability of the aortic electrode. The sensitivity and speed of the response of the electrode, together with the relative simplicity and inexpensiveness of the procedure, makes the technic readily adaptable to routine diagnostic catheterizations in infants.
746 PROSPECTIVE VALIDATION OF 2010 AASLD GUIDELINE FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF 1-2 CM HCC IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: M.A. Manini, L. Fanigliulo, E. Grassi, A. Sangiovanni, M. Iavarone, V. Vero, F. Fornari, F. Giangregorio, M. Biolato, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Assessment of thyroid function: complications after treatment with fenoprofen.
Authors: J R Gurney, R J Mills
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Cadmiuim, like other heavy metals, is highly toxic, binding rapidly to extracellular and intracellular protein, and thus disrupting membrane and cell fuction.Immediate gastric washout and rapid ch t treatment are the most effective methods of treatment.In studies of animals chelation treatment has been shown to be effective only ifgiven soon after ingestion of cadmium.4Charcoal haemoperfusion is ineffective because of the high protein binding ofcadmium.Our patient had ingested a massie dose of 150 g of cadmium chloride, and, although the initial di is was delayed, it seems unlikely that any treatment would have pevented themembrane dysfunction and destruction of tissue.The case, however, illustrates the catastrophic effects of ingested cadmium on organ function.
Defective opsonisation and complement deficiency in serum from patients with fulminant hepatic failure.
Authors: R J Wyke, I A Rajkovic, A L Eddleston, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1980)

Serum from 23 of 26 patients with fulminant hepatic failure and grade IV encephalopathy had defective opsonisation of E. coli and yeast (S. cerevisiae). No toxic serum factors acting on the polymorphonuclear leucocytes or inactivators of the normal serum opsonisation factors were found. Complement deficiency was shown to be the most likely cause of the defect in opsonisation. The addition of a heat-labile fraction of normal serum at low concentration corrected the defect and factors of both the classical and the alternative pathways of complement were reduced to below 40% of the activity of the control serum. During the early stages of clinical recovery serum opsonisation and complement activity returned to normal with statistically significant correlations between tests of opsonisation and total haemolytic complement CH50, C3 and total alternative pathway activity. Defective serum opsonisation and complement deficiency represent major defects in the body9s defences against infection.
Mind the gap: the extent of the NHS nursing shortage
Authors: B. Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The NHS is struggling to recruit and retain nursing and midwifery staff in a time of high turnover rates and low morale. The problems are most acute in inner cities and teaching trusts. The government is tackling the crisis, but the reasons behind the staffing shortages are complex 

The government has a mission to “modernise” Britain's NHS. Success will depend on NHS staff—in particular, whether their numbers can be boosted, whether staff can change how they work, and whether they can be motivated to “go the extra mile” for the NHS. Yet the service is struggling to attract and retain staff in crucial areas, particularly in nursing and midwifery. Here we assess the extent of recruitment and retention problems in nursing in England, comparing acute NHS trusts in London with those in other cities. In another article in this same issue we examine the government's initiatives for tackling these problems.1

#### Summary points

The nursing and midwifery workforce comprises two broad groups of staff working in the NHS. The first group comprises registered nurses and registered midwives, who have a diploma or degree and who have registered with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (before 1 April 2002, the UK Central Council …
Treatment of Reinfarction After Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gabriel I. Barbash, Yochai Birnbaum, Kris Bogaerts, Michael Hudson, Emmanuel Lesaffre, Yuling Fu, Shaun Goodman, Katrijn Houbracken, Kurt Munsters, Chris B. Granger, Karen Pieper, Robert M. Califf, Eric J. Topol, Frans Van de Werf
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Early reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy is associated with adverse outcomes and increased mortality. Among patients with reinfarction in the 1992 Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO I) and the 1998 Assessment of the Safety of a New Thrombolytic (ASSENT 2) trials, we investigated temporal and regional differences in the use of repeat thrombolysis, revascularization (angioplasty and/or bypass surgery), or conservative measures and the outcomes of each management strategy.Data from the 4% of patients (n=2301) who experienced reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy were studied. Baseline characteristics, 30-day mortality, and incidence of total and hemorrhagic strokes were compared among the 3 treatment groups. The 30-day mortality did not differ between the repeat thrombolysis and revascularization groups (P=0.72), and it was significantly lower among patients treated by these 2 strategies than in those treated conservatively (11% and 11% versus 28%, respectively; P<0.001). Stroke rates did not differ significantly between the 3 treatment strategies (P=0.49). From 1992 to 1998, the percentage of reinfarction patients treated with repeat thrombolysis decreased from 29.3% to 18.5% in US centers and from 51.4% to 41.9% in all other centers (P<0.001). In contrast, use of revascularization procedures increased from 33.5% to 47.9% in US centers and from 8.1% to 23.0% in all other centers (P<0.001).Repeat thrombolysis and revascularization are associated with significantly lower mortality among reinfarction patients. Randomized trials are necessary to assess the exact risks and benefits of rethrombolysis versus interventional revascularization in this subset of high-risk patients presenting with reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy.
The Medical-Literature System: Gold or Gold-Plated?
Authors: BARRY A. WARNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1983The Medical-Literature System: Gold or Gold-Plated?BARRY A. WARNER, D.O.BARRY A. WARNER, D.O.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-4-562 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Having recently seen a 6-year-old child with propylthiouracil-induced agranulocytosis, I read the recent article by Cooper and colleagues (1) with great interest. Unfortunately, this short literature review of 50 patients omitted a 1981 Japanese study that casts serious doubts on several of the paper's conclusions (2).Hamada and associates reported data on ten patients with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis. Four of these patients were younger than age 30 years; all received 30 mg or less of methimazole; and one patient, a 16-year-old girl, died of hemorrhage after tonsillar necrosis. By not including this data, a number of misconceptions have...References1. COOPER D, GOLDMINZ D, and LEVIN A. Agranulocytosis associated with antithyroid drugs: effects of patient age and drug dose. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:26-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HAMADA N, ITOH K, MOTOTANI N, NISHIKAWA Y, MIMURA T, and MORII H. Effect of corticosteroids in 10 cases of methimazole-induced agranulocytosis. Endocrinol Jpn. 1981;28:823-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. O'BRIEN P and SHAMPO M. Estimation from samples. Mayo Clin Proc. 1981;56:274-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BEATTY W. Searching the literature and computerized services in medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:326-32. LinkGoogle Scholar5. GARFIELD E. Introducing ISI/ISTP&B (index to scientific & technical proceedings & books)—Online access to the conference literature and multi-authored books. Curr Contents. 1981;24(34):5-9. Google Scholar1. HAMADA N, ITOH K, MOTOTANI N, NISHIKAWA Y, MIMURA T, and MERII H. Effect of corticosteroids in 10 cases of methimazole induced agraunulocytosis. Endocrinol Jpn. 1981;28:823-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: BARRY A. WARNER, D.O. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPublication DatesEUGENE GARFIELD, PH.D. 1 April 1983Volume 98, Issue 4Page: 562-562KeywordsHemorrhageNecrosisResearch design ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fluorescent Antibody Techniques Applied to the Study of Human Cryptococcosis
Authors: Ralph A. Vogel
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Without the isolation of the causitive organism, the diagnosis of cryptococcosis currently relies heavily on clinical findings and the careful exclusion of such confusing entities as tuberculous meningitis. Dependable serologic confirmation of the diagnosis is greatly needed in view of the prognosis of the disease and the availability of Amphotericin B treatment. Since the patient seldom comes to the attention of the physician until at least several weeks or months have elapsed, one may expect that an immunologic response has had ample time to develop. For demonstrating antibodies, the indirect fluorescent straining technique as reported here affords a most sensitive approach.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> In the test, heat-killed<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>cells are fixed on a microscopic slide and covered with heat-inactivated serum from the patient. After suitable incubation and washing with saline-buffer, a Coombs reagent (antihuman globulin) tagged with fluorescein-isothiocyanate is applied. If antibody from the patient's serum is