tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Duodenal mucosa synthesis of prostaglandins in duodenal ulcer disease.
Authors: K Hillier, C L Smith, R Jewell, M J Arthur, G Ross
Journal: Gut (1985)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Because zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is an essential process across metazoans, it is key to evolve multiple pioneer transcription factors (TFs) to protect organisms from loss of a single factor. Pioneer TF Zelda (ZLD) is the only known factor which increases accessibility of chromatin to promote ZGA in the early <i>Drosophila</i> embryo. However, many genomic loci remain accessible without ZLD and have GA-rich motifs. Therefore, we hypothesized that other pioneer TFs that function with ZLD have not yet been identified in early embryos, especially those that bind to GA-rich motifs, such as CLAMP (Chromatin-linked adaptor for Male-specific lethal MSL proteins). Here, we determine that CLAMP is a novel pioneer TF which interacts directly with nucleosomes, regulates zygotic genome transcription, promotes chromatin accessibility, and facilitates the binding of ZLD to promoters. Thus, the maternal factor CLAMP functions with ZLD as a pioneer TF to open chromatin and drive zygotic genome activation.
Changing pattern of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease in northern Stockholm 1990-2001
Authors: H Hildebrand
Journal: Gut (2003)

An increased incidence of paediatric Crohn's disease was reported recently by our group.To assess the incidence and characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in northern Stockholm between 1990 and 2001.All records of individuals 0-15 years of age with suspected IBD in the population based catchment area of 180000 individuals were scrutinised using defined diagnostic criteria. Patient files were searched for relatives with IBD, and for concomitant autoimmune diseases.A total of 152 children were diagnosed with IBD, corresponding to an overall incidence (per 100000) of IBD of 7.4. The incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) was 4.9, ulcerative colitis (UC) 2.2, and indeterminate colitis 0.2. Between 1990 and 2001, there was a marked increase in the incidence of CD while the incidence of UC was almost unchanged, leading to a net increase in the overall occurrence of IBD. There was a male dominance of CD. Fourteen per cent and 11% of patients with CD and UC, respectively, had a first or second degree relative with IBD. Eighteen per cent and 10% of patients with CD and UC, respectively, had a concomitant autoimmune disease. Ten patients with CD (10%) underwent surgery.The incidence of CD has increased in northern Stockholm. The current incidence is higher than that reported from other areas. Our results suggest a shift in presentation and diagnosis from UC towards CD, but also a net increase in IBD. Concomitant autoimmune disorders and family history are common in paediatric IBD.
Prognostic nomogram for overall survival in previously untreated patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type: a multicenter study
Authors: Y Yang, Y-J Zhang, Y Zhu, J-Z Cao, Z-Y Yuan, L-M Xu, J-X Wu, W Wang, T Wu, B Lu, S-Y Zhu, L-T Qian, F-Q Zhang, X-R Hou, Q-F Liu, Y-X Li
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Undiagnosed Hailey-Hailey disease causing painful erosive skin changes during patch testing
Authors: S.L. Walker, M.H. Beck
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Undiagnosed Hailey–Hailey disease causing painful erosive skin changes during patch testing Get access S.L. Walker, S.L. Walker Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Hope Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, U.K. E‐mail: drstevewalker@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.H. Beck M.H. Beck Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Hope Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, U.K. E‐mail: drstevewalker@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 1, 1 July 2005, Pages 233–234, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06719.x Published: 01 July 2005
Perioperative administration of a single dose of conjugated oestrogen to uraemic patients is ineffective in improving haemostasis
Authors: Peter Jacobs, Jack Jacobson, Delawir Kahn
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract The excessive bleeding that occurs in uraemic patients undergoing surgery is reported to be reversed by at least one schedule of prior oestrogen administration. To assess this possibility a single intravenous injection of 25 mg of the conjugated hormone was given to ten uraemic patients undergoing regular haemodialysis and randomly compared to eight matched patients who received only the diluent. Two hours later there was no reduction in bleeding time, improvement in platelet aggregation, nor an increase in plasma levels of factor VIII (VIII:C), von Willebrand factor (VWF:Ag), or the factor VIII‐related ristocetin cofactor state. Furthermore, there was no reduction in intraoperative blood loss, being a median of 558 ± 154 (range 225‐1, 260) mL in the test group and 412 ± 55 (range 270‐555) mL in the control and additional median postoperative portovac drainage was 123 ± 27 (range 0‐170) mL and 153 ± 41 (range 45‐240) mL, respectively. These findings differ from the shortening in bleeding time achieved by others with repeated administration of the same agent, and emphasize the importance of dose and duration of oestrogen therapy when used for this indication. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intercellular immune adhesion molecules in human liver transplants: Overview on expression patterns of leukocyte receptor and ligand molecules
Authors: Gustav Steinhoff, Matthias Behrend, Bettina Schrader, Rudolf Pichlmayr
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Recently it has become clear that the inflammatory response of immune cells to target cells and extracellular matrix is regulated by several receptor-ligand molecules. Three main classes of molecules mediating intercellular adhesion and activation processes have been identified: the integrin, immunoglobulin and selectin families. This study surveys the expression of adhesion molecules on resident and infiltrating cells in human liver grafts. The patterns of cellular expression and inducibility in different pathological conditions of the graft are described. Our results show organ-specific regulation of the different adhesion molecules during alloreactive reactions and other types of inflammatory reactions. No rejection-specific patterns were detected on comparison with reperfusion damage or infectious transplant inflammation. Major differences were noted in the composition of the portal tract and sinusoid with regard to endothelial and parenchymal cell expression of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion molecules. Intravascular and interstitial differences in the expression patterns of leukocyte adhesion receptors support a concept of stepwise expression. The implications for the appearance of inflammatory reactions in human liver in immunosuppressive and therapeutic interventions are discussed.
Prognosis After Rectal Cancer Treatment in Blacks and Whites: Advanced Stage at Diagnosis or Other Factors?
Authors: Edith P. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.10.016 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12560424 Prognosis After Rectal Cancer Treatment in Blacks and Whites: Advanced Stage at Diagnosis or Other Factors? Edith P. MitchellxEdith P. MitchellSearch for articles by this author Show More Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.10.016 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Prognosis After Rectal Cancer Treatment in Blacks and Whites: Advanced Stage at Diagnosis or Other Factors?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(3), pp. 397–398© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A MODIFICATION OF THE BASS HEMATOCYTOMETER FOR COUNTING BLOOD OR SPINAL FLUID
Authors: Foster M. Johns
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The Bass counting chamber<sup>1</sup>has a total capacity of 0.4 cubic millimeter. By the addition of fifteen extra rectangles measuring 0.2 by 2 mm. each, the total cubic contents is thereby raised to exactly 1 cubic millimeter. Erythrocytes and leukocytes are counted in the usual manner on the original part of the ruling, a 1:100 dilution and appropriate diluting fluid being used. To count the cells in spinal fluid (pleural or other effusion fluids), undiluted fluid should be mounted. A count of the entire chamber is the number of cells in 1 cubic millimeter. Diluting or staining fluids should not be used, as they are often a source of considerable error. With a 4 mm. (high dry) objective there is no difficulty in differentiating erythrocytes from leukocytes or other cells. The simplicity of the ruling of the Bass hematocytometer has proved very advantageous. This modification has equal advantages in
Severe secondary deficiency of von Willebrand factor–cleaving protease (ADAMTS13) in patients with sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation: its correlation with development of renal failure
Authors: Tomoko Ono, Jun Mimuro, Seiji Madoiwa, Kenji Soejima, Yuji Kashiwakura, Akira Ishiwata, Katsuhiro Takano, Tsukasa Ohmori, Yoichi Sakata
Journal: Blood (2005)
Clearance of amyloid-β by circulating lipoprotein receptors
Authors: Abhay Sagare, Rashid Deane, Robert D Bell, Bradley Johnson, Katie Hamm, Ronan Pendu, Andrew Marky, Peter J Lenting, Zhenhua Wu, Troy Zarcone, Alison Goate, Kevin Mayo, David Perlmutter, Mireia Coma, Zhihui Zhong, Berislav V Zlokovic
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Improper release from mental hospital
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new method of measuring the rate of shedding of epithelial cells from the intestinal villus of the rat
Authors: R. M. Clarke
Journal: Gut (1970)

Epithelial cells shed from the intestinal villus in starved rats were trapped in mucus which the goblet cells were stimulated to secrete; the number of trapped cells per villus was counted in whole mounts of fixed Feulgen-stained specimens from three sites in the small intestine. Increase in the interval between stimulation and fixation caused an increase in the number of shed cells per villus; the rate of this increase was postulated to represent the rate of cell shedding. The rate of cell production per crypt was measured with Colcemid; this rate, multiplied by the number of crypts per villus, gave the rate of cell production per villus. There was good agreement between these estimates of cell production and cell shedding.
HYPERTENSION CAUSED BY UNILATERAL RENAL COMPRESSION
Authors: James I. Farrell
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Renal compression has not been considered a cause of hypertension until recently. Page<sup>1</sup>reported the occurrence of hypertension in experimental animals in which a kidney had been enclosed in cellophane. The cellophane caused a tissue reaction around the kidney which resulted in a fibrous hull. This fibrous hull completely enclosed and compressed the renal parenchyma and caused hypertension in dogs, cats and rabbits. No case has been reported in the literature in which renal compression of an analogous nature has caused hypertension in man. The following case resembles Page's experimental production of hypertension in animals by renal compression. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.—</h3> D. P., a student aged 18, was examined by a school physician and found to have a blood pressure of 154 mm. of mercury systolic and 102 mm. of mercury diastolic. He had no complaints. On physical examination a large, fluctuant, nontender movable mass could be
Adverse side‐effects to biological agents
Authors: W. J. Pichler
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Biological agents‐like cytokines, monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins are widely used in anti‐inflammatory and tumour therapy. They are highly efficient in certain diseases, but can cause a great variety of adverse side‐effects. Based on the peculiar features of biological agents a new classification of these adverse side‐effects of biological agents is proposed – related but clearly distinct from the classification of side‐effects observed with chemicals and drugs. This classification differentiates five distinct types, namely clinical reactions because of high cytokine levels (type α ), hypersensitivity because of an immune reaction against the biological agent ( β ), immune or cytokine imbalance syndromes ( γ ), symptoms because of cross‐reactivity ( δ ) and symptoms not directly affecting the immune system ( ɛ ). This classification could help to better deal with the clinical features of these side‐effects, to identify possible individual and general risk factors and to direct research in this novel area of medicine.
Heterogeneity and plasticity of hepatocyte lineage cells
Authors: S Sell
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

It is hypothesized that the liver has 3 levels of cells in the hepatic lineage that respond to injury or carcinogenesis: 1) the mature hepatocyte, which responds to partial hepatectomy (PH), to centrolobular injury, such as that induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and to dimethylnitrosamine (DEN) hepatocarcinogenesis; 2) the ductular “bipolar” progenitor cell, which responds to centrolobular injury when the proliferation of hepatocytes is inhibited, and to N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) hepatocarcinogenesis; and 3) the putative periductular stem cell, which responds to periportal injury, such as induced by allyl alcohol and to choline-deficiency models of hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatocytes are numerous, respond rapidly by 1 or 2 cell cycles, but can only produce other hepatocytes. The ductular progenitor cells are less numerous, may proliferate for longer times than hepatocytes, and are generally considered “bipolar,” i.e., can give rise to biliary cells or hepatocytes. Periductular stem cells are rare in the liver, have a very long proliferation potential, and may be multipotent, but their full potential has yet to be defined. Extrahepatic (bone marrow) origin of the periductular stem cells is supported by recent data showing that hepatocytes may express genetic markers of donor hematopoietic cells after bone marrow transplantation. Thus, experimental models of liver injury and of hepatocarcinogenesis may call forth a cellular response at different levels in the hepatic lineage (heterogeneity), and these cells have different potential to form cells of other types (plasticity).
Effects of 3 Months of Continuous Subcutaneous Administration of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Graydon S. Meneilly, Nigel Greig, Hugh Tildesley, Joel F. Habener, Josephine M. Egan, Dariush Elahi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an insulinotropic gut hormone that, when given exogenously, may be a useful agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. We conducted a 3-month trial to determine the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 in elderly diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 16 patients with type 2 diabetes who were being treated with oral hypoglycemic agents were enrolled. Eight patients (aged 75 ± 2 years, BMI 27 ± 1 kg/m2) remained on usual glucose-lowering therapy and eight patients (aged 73 ± 1 years, BMI 27 ± 1 kg/m2), after discontinuing hypoglycemic medications, received GLP-1 delivered by continuous subcutaneous infusion for 12 weeks. The maximum dose was 120 pmol · kg−1 · h−1. Patients recorded their capillary blood glucose (CBG) levels (four times per day, 3 days per week) and whenever they perceived hypoglycemic symptoms. The primary end points were HbA1c and CBG determinations. Additionally, changes in β-cell sensitivity to glucose, peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin, and changes in plasma ghrelin levels were examined. RESULTS—HbA1c levels (7.1%) and body weight were equally maintained in both groups. The usual treatment group had a total of 87 CBG measurements of ≤3.6 mmol/l during the study, and only 1 such measurement (3.5 mmol/l) was recorded in the GLP-1 group. Infusion of GLP-1 enhanced glucose-induced insulin secretion (pre: 119 ± 21; post: 202 ± 51 pmol/l; P &amp;lt; 0.05) and insulin-mediated glucose disposal (pre: 29.8 ± 3.3; post: 35.9 ± 2.3 μmol · kg−1 · min−1; P &amp;lt; 0.01). No effect of GLP-1 treatment was seen on the fasting plasma ghrelin levels. Although plasma ghrelin levels decreased during both portions of the clamp, a drug effect was not present. CONCLUSIONS—A GLP-1 compound is a promising therapeutic option for elderly diabetic patients.
Prazosin in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: John M. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In a patient with paraganglioma, severe hypertension due to high levels of plasma norepinephrine was easily controlled with prazosin hydrochloride, 6 to 8 mg/day for 19 days before surgery. A prolonged antihypertensive response to the first two 1-mg doses suggested the presence of pheochromocytoma. This experience dramatizes the remarkable effectiveness of prazosin as a postsynaptic α-adrenergic receptor blocker and invites further trials of the drug for both the diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma. (<i>JAMA</i>240:2752-2753, 1978)
A model of autosomal recessive Alport syndrome in English cocker spaniel dogs
Authors: George E. Lees, R. Gayman Helman, Clifford E. Kashtan, Alfred F. Michael, Linda D. Homco, Nicholas J. Millichamp, Yoshifumi Ninomiya, Yoshikazu Sado, Ichiro Naito, Youngki Kim
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
Anomalous nonidentity between Salmonella genotoxicants and rodent carcinogens: nongenotoxic carcinogens and genotoxic noncarcinogens.
Authors: K Yoshikawa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

According to current data, the capacity to cause nonprogrammed or unscheduled cell proliferation in target tissues, a common characteristic of chemical carcinogens, may play a more important role in the development of tumors than does genotoxicity. This paper provides strong support for the validity of this conclusion. Ames-negative nongenotoxicants may be considered to be carcinogenic primarily because of their ability to induce cell proliferation in animal tissues and organs. In addition, such nongenotoxic carcinogens may also provide latent and modest DNA (equivocal) modifications that never lead to Ames-positive events. Conversely, noncarcinogenesis by Ames-positive agents is likely to be linked to a lack of stimulation of cell division. Nongenotoxic and genotoxic carcinogens rely on both cell proliferation and equivocal DNA modification for their full carcinogenicity. Such equivocal DNA modifications do not appear to be formed by tumor promoters. The role of cell proliferation may provide a favorable milieu for the occurrence of genetic instability, give rise to selective "apoptosis-resistant abnormal cells," and then affect clonal expansion of these cells. Therefore, understanding the influence of nongenotoxic and genotoxic carcinogens on cell proliferation capability is a key point in determining the mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis. Considering the contradictory and common features of genotoxicants and carcinogens, early detection of nonprogrammed cell proliferation is the most effective approach to predict human and rodent carcinogenicity.
Diabetic Nephropathy in Hypertransfused Patients With β-Thalassemia: The role of oxidative stress
Authors: Ronen Loebstein, Denis C Lehotay, Xiaoping Luo, Wally Bartfay, Bev Tyler, Graham D Sher
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE Pathogenesis of diabetes-related microvascular complications involving oxidative damage by free radicals has been demonstrated. Free radical generation has been shown to derive largely from iron. Our objectives, therefore, were to determine if there is an increased incidence and/or an accelerated course of nephropathy in patients with diabetes, secondary to transfusional hemochromatosis, and to examine whether free radical activity contributes to the development of this complication. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated nine patients with homozygous β-thalassemia, complicated by clinically overt diabetes, for diabetic nephropathy over a 7-year period. Lipid peroxidation was quantified by measuring the presence of 20 saturated and unsaturated aldehydes, and results were compared with five normotensive type 1 diabetic patients without iron overload. RESULTS Nephropathy developed in five of nine patients (55%) after a mean duration of overt diabetes of 3.6 ± 2.0 years. Three patients showed evidence of progressive microalbuminuria over a 7-year period (24.7–46.2, 52.2–430.1, and 17.7–54.3 μg/min, respectively). Two patients with borderline microalbuminuria (19.9 and 14.5 μg/min, respectively) demonstrated stable albumin excretion rates over the follow-up period. Total aldehyde concentration was significantly higher in β-thalassemia diabetic patients, compared with nonthalassemic diabetic control subjects (8,106 ± 1,280 vs. 4,594 ± 247 nmol/l; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The three patients with progressive microalbuminuria demonstrated significantly higher total aldehyde concentration, compared with the other β-thalassemia diabetic patients with stable albumin excretion (9,428 ± 337 vs. 7,445 ± 1,003 nmol/l; P &amp;lt; 0.01). Serum vitamin E concentrations were significantly lower in β-thalassemia patients with diabetes, compared with diabetic patients without iron overload (12.1 ± 6.0 vs. 25.9 ± 11.4 μ/l; P = 0.02). Serum vitamin C concentrations did not differ between the two groups. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated total aldehyde concentration to be the most significant predictor for the development of microalbuminuria (P = 0.01), followed by the duration of diabetes (P = 0.02) and glycemic control (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Early development and an accelerated course of diabetic nephropathy in iron-loaded patients with β-thalassemia are observed. These findings may be attributed to high oxidative stress in these patients, which is secondary to iron-derived free radicals and to the patients' diminished antioxidant reserves.