tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US Health Care System
Authors: Peter S. Rosi
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— The commentary by E. Grey Dimond, Medicine—Where It Seems To Be: An American Health Care System (238:1251, 1977), deserves repeated, careful study. Indeed, the main dilemma today is how we can encourage development of the health care system along lines other than the blind, doctrinaire plunge into centralization, bureaucratic control, and socialism that has proved so fruitless elsewhere.Not only the Veterans Administration hospitals but all government medical institutions must be included in the comprehensive development of an overall health care system. In Alaska the Public Health Service and Indian Health Service are a serious obstacle to the development of a first-class health care system for anyone. The PHS and the military each promote a racially or occupationally monopolistic, expensive, divisive, and resource-wasteful system. Having three separate, individually inadequate health care systems in this vast, sparsely-populated state is an incredible absurdity. Our current hope is that health
Periodic Neutropenia Treated by Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone and Splenectomy
Authors: Raymond W. Monto, Harold C. Shafer, Michael J. Brennan, John W. Rebuck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

NEUTROPENIA associated with oral ulcers, periodic fever, benign paroxysmal peritonitis and intermittent arthralgia has been observed to occur with cyclic regularity. In 1949 Reimann and de Berardinis1 reviewed 16 cases from the literature, including one of their own, and concluded that there were grounds for establishing an entity that they designated as a "periodic neutropenia." In the same year, Fullerton and Duguid2 reported a similar case, which they followed for 500 days through 12 attacks of illness characterized by malaise, anorexia, drowsiness, headache, pyrexia and inflammation of the throat and tongue, with painful superficial ulcers of the oral mucosa. They . . .
Experts doubt that NHS can scrap mixed sex wards by end of year
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2010)

England’s health secretary, Andrew Lansley, is to introduce tough new measures to “name and shame” hospitals that continue to put patients in mixed sex wards. And he plans to strengthen the existing fines that primary care trusts can impose on hospitals that breach the rules against such wards.

But the measures—including initial reports that the minister planned to ban mixed sex wards completely by the end of the year—have been greeted with cynicism from some health commentators.

Hamish Meldrum, chairman of the BMA Council, said, “This is going to be difficult to achieve at a time when NHS finances are being squeezed, particularly in older hospitals where expensive building work may be needed to create new wards.”

And the NHS Confederation, which represents most NHS organisations, was …
Prevalence and Prognostic Role of Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Luca De Nicola, Francis B. Gabbai, Rajiv Agarwal, Paolo Chiodini, Silvio Borrelli, Vincenzo Bellizzi, Felice Nappi, Giuseppe Conte, Roberto Minutolo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
ABSENCE OF AORTIC VALVE CALCIFICATION IN NONAGENARIANS; CLINICAL, LABORATORY AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC CORRELATES
Authors: Eddy Barasch, Muhammad S. Akhter, Florentina Petillo, Peter Dong-Yul Rhee, Dvorah Holtzman, Kanna Posina, Sabrina Sawhney, Simcha Pollack, Nathaniel Reichek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
P825 NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED SERUM CHOLESTEROL-ADJUSTED VITAMIN E LEVELS
Authors: D. Pastori, M. Del Ben, L. Polimeni, R. Carnevale, C. Nocella, C. Calabrese, F. Baratta, G. Labbadia, P. Pignatelli, F. Violi, F. Angelico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Contribution of the organic anion transporter OAT2 to the renal active tubular secretion of creatinine and mechanism for serum creatinine elevations caused by cobicistat
Authors: Eve-Irene Lepist, Xuexiang Zhang, Jia Hao, Jane Huang, Alan Kosaka, Gabriel Birkus, Bernard P. Murray, Roy Bannister, Tomas Cihlar, Yong Huang, Adrian S. Ray
Journal: Kidney International (2014)

Many xenobiotics including the pharmacoenhancer cobicistat increase serum creatinine by inhibiting its renal active tubular secretion without affecting the glomerular filtration rate. This study aimed to define the transporters involved in creatinine secretion, applying that knowledge to establish the mechanism for xenobiotic-induced effects. The basolateral uptake transporters organic anion transporter OAT2 and organic cation transporters OCT2 and OCT3 were found to transport creatinine. At physiologic creatinine concentrations, the specific activity of OAT2 transport was over twofold higher than OCT2 or OCT3, establishing OAT2 as a likely relevant creatinine transporter and further challenging the traditional view that creatinine is solely transported by a cationic pathway. The apical multidrug and toxin extrusion transporters MATE1 and MATE2-K demonstrated low-affinity and high-capacity transport. All drugs known to affect creatinine inhibited OCT2 and MATE1. Similar to cimetidine and ritonavir, cobicistat had the greatest effect on MATE1 with a 50% inhibition constant of 0.99 μM for creatinine transport. Trimethoprim potently inhibited MATE2-K, whereas dolutegravir preferentially inhibited OCT2. Cimetidine was unique, inhibiting all transporters that interact with creatinine. Thus, the clinical observation of elevated serum creatinine in patients taking cobicistat is likely a result of OCT2 transport, facilitating intracellular accumulation, and MATE1 inhibition.
The Habenulo-Raphe Serotonergic Circuit Encodes an Aversive Expectation Value Essential for Adaptive Active Avoidance of Danger
Authors: Ryunosuke Amo, Felipe Fredes, Masae Kinoshita, Ryo Aoki, Hidenori Aizawa, Masakazu Agetsuma, Tazu Aoki, Toshiyuki Shiraki, Hisaya Kakinuma, Masaru Matsuda, Masako Yamazaki, Mikako Takahoko, Takashi Tsuboi, Shin-ichi Higashijima, Nobuhiko Miyasaka, Tetsuya Koide, Yoichi Yabuki, Yoshihiro Yoshihara, Tomoki Fukai, Hitoshi Okamoto
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Carbon dioxide-dependent Staphylococcus aureus from abscess.
Authors: M Rahman
Journal: BMJ (1977)

the dopaminergic system.:'Thus the usual release of extrapyramidal overactivity by neuroleptics blocking dopamine receptors would be expected to occur less frequently in demented patients.In view of the con- siderable pressure, which is likely to increase in the future, on inadequate psychogeriatric services from an aging population the use of haloperidol should, I feel, be recom- mended as the drug of choice to help keep more elderly patients in the community.In 18 months, of 184 domiciliary visits, 40 were to demented patients (22 %); this re- flects the seriousness of this problem in general adult psychiatric practice in a representative urban community.
Lack of response to chenodeoxycholic acid in obese and non-obese patients. Role of cholesterol synthesis and possible response to ursodeoxycholic acid.
Authors: P N Maton, G M Murphy, R H Dowling
Journal: Gut (1980)

This paper describes seven patients with radiolucent gallstones in functioning gallbladders who did not respond to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). Despite large doses (greater than or equal to 19 mg CDCA/kg/day), CDCA-rich bile (CDCA conjugates 70-97% of total biliary bile acids) and greater than or equal to one year's treatment, their fasting duodenal bile remained supersaturated with cholesterol and their gallstones did not dissolve. Five patients came to cholecystectomy, gallstone analysis and liver biopsy for measurement of hepatic cholesterogenesis (HMGCoAR activity). In three who stopped CDCA before surgery, the mean HMGCoAR (pmol/mg microsomal protein/min) of 50.2 was higher than in our untreated gallstone controls (32.2 +/- SEM 2.0; P less than 0.05). Two patients who took CDCA until surgery had a mean HMGCoAR of 33.5--more than twice that in CDCA-treated gallstone controls. These findings suggest that non-response to CDCA may be related to high or unsuppressed hepatic cholesterogenesis. In one patient who did not respond to CDCA, treatment with 19 mg ursodeoxycholic acid/kg/day did desaturate his bile.
Tobacco companies in US to pay smoker $22m (pound13.8m)
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A California jury has ordered two major tobacco companies to pay a dying former smoker $20m (£12.5m) in punitive damages. The same jury had previously awarded the plaintiff $1.7m in compensatory damages. The decision marks the first time that tobacco companies have been ordered to compensate an individual who began smoking after the Surgeon General's warnings appeared on cigarette packets. The San Francisco Superior Court found that the Philip Morris Company and RJ Reynolds Tobacco Holdings were each partially responsible for the …
Press: Journalists debate the limits of horror
Authors: N. Marks
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In terms of images of war, what can and can't be shown?

As the battle for Baghdad began, a somewhat smaller skirmish was taking place in the London office of broadsheet newspaper the Guardian . Editor Alan Rusbridger, who had left work for the night, was called back in to help resolve it.

The issue dividing the newsroom was whether or not it was acceptable to publish a Reuters picture that had come in over the wire. The picture was that of a bloodied, dead Iraqi baby, killed during a US air assault near Babylon. It was all the more poignant for the green dummy hanging round the dead infant's neck.

It was a powerful image. It was also a disturbing one, leaving the reader with little doubt about the human cost of the war. But a central concern for Rusbridger in using the picture big on the front page was the reaction of children who might see it as they bought sweets in newsagents on their way to school.

In the end, a balance between portraying the reality of war to Guardian readers and keeping unintentional distress to a minimum was struck: the picture was used small and what is known as “below the fold,” so that it remained hidden on the newsstands.

Yet even if Rusbridger had “gone big” …
HbA_1c levels ≤ 5.5% ruled out, and levels ≥ 7.0% ruled in, type 2 diabetes in clinical and community populations
Authors: Leonard Reeves
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club17 August 2010HbA1c levels ≤ 5.5% ruled out, and levels ≥ 7.0% ruled in, type 2 diabetes in clinical and community populationsLeonard Reeves, MD, FAAFPLeonard Reeves, MD, FAAFPFloyd Family Medicine Residency, Rome, Georgia, USA (L.R.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-4-201008170-02011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationLu ZX, Walker KZ, O’Dea K, Sikaris KA, Shaw JE. A1C for screening and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice. Diabetes Care. 2010;33:817-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20067965Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Endocrinology: References1 International Expert Committee. International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1327-34. [PMID: 19502545] Google Scholar2 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology. AACE/ACE statement on the use of A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes. Feb 2010. www.aace.com/pub/pdf/guidelines/AACEpositionA1cfeb2010.pdf (accessed 17 Jun 2010). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Floyd Family Medicine Residency, Rome, Georgia, USA (L.R.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 August 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 August 2010Volume 153, Issue 4Page: JC2-11KeywordsChromatographyClinical pathologyEndocrinologyGlucoseHbA1cPopulation statisticsRetinopathyType 2 diabetes ePublished: 17 August 2010 Issue Published: 17 August 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Donor-Specific Rejection
Authors: RAHUL C. MEHTA, MICHAEL A. WILSON, SCOTT B. PERLMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Renal allograft survival in related non-identical recipients is similar to cadaveric graft survival. In order to increase the number of successful transplants among immunologically incompletely matched related recipients, donor blood transfusions are given to the recipients before renal transplantation. The graft survival results in the Donor-Specific Transfusion (DST) group is similar to those achieved by HLA (identical) siblings. A case of an unusual scan pattern of rejection in a patient receiving DST prior to the transplant is presented. This scan pattern is unlike that of conventional rejection.
Relative effects of cigarette smoke and ethanol on acute platelet thrombus formation in stenosed canine coronary arteries
Authors: J W KELLER, J. D FOLTS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

In 10 open chest dogs with mechanically stenosed coronary arteries acute platelet thrombus formation with subsequent embolisation reduced coronary blood flow cyclically by -10.2(3.3) ml.min-2 (as measured with an electromagnetic flow probe). Ventilating the dogs with cigarette smoke increased the flow reduction to -13.5(4.6) ml.min-2. Ethanol 1.0 ml.kg-1 iv completely abolished acute thrombus formation and flow reductions in all 10 dogs. Repeat ventilation with cigarette smoke after ethanol failed to renew flow reductions in nine of the 10 dogs. It is suggested that ethanol effectively inhibits the exacerbating effects of cigarette smoke on acute platelet thrombus formation when both are being used simultaneously.
Lead exposure in Latin America and the Caribbean. Lead Research Group of the Pan-American Health Organization.
Authors: I Romieu, M Lacasana, R McConnell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

As a result of the rapid industrialization of Latin America and the Caribbean during the second half of this century, exposure to lead has become an increasingly important problem. To obtain an estimate of the magnitude of lead exposure in the region, we carried out a survey and a literature search on potential sources of lead exposure and on blood lead concentrations. Sixteen out of 18 Latin American and 2 out of 10 Caribbean countries responded to the survey. Lead in gasoline remains a major problem, although the lead content has decreased in many countries in the last few years. The impact of leaded fuel is more important in urban settings, given their high vehicular density. Seventy-five percent of the population of the region lives in urban areas, and children younger than 15 years of age, the most susceptible group, comprise 30% of the population. Other sources of lead exposure identified in the region included industrial emissions, battery recycling, paint and varnishes, and contaminated food and water. Lead is recognized as a priority problem by national authorities in 72% of the countries that responded to the survey, and in 50% of the countries some legislation exists to regulate the lead content in certain products. However, compliance is low. There is an urgent need for a broad-based coalition between policy makers, industry, workers, unions, health care providers, and the community to take actions to reduce environmental and occupational lead exposures in all the Latin American and Caribbean countries.
Melanoma-derived Wnt5a conditions dendritic cells to promote regulatory T cell differentiation via the upregulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: novel pharmacological strategies for augmenting immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Fei Zhao, Kathy Evans, Alisha Holtzhausen, Ciriana Orabona, Brent A Hanks
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Previous studies have shown the β-catenin signaling pathway to promote the development of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) that are capable of driving regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation. Interestingly, tolerogenic DCs have recently been described to play a role in
Prospective Payment and the University Hospital
Authors: Stanley S. Bergen, Amy Conford Roth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Despite the coverage of hospitals' educational expenses under the new Medicare prospective-payment system, that system poses a danger for complex care and biomedical research, and thus for university hospitals. New Jersey's three years under a similar system make this clear.The new payment rules seem certain to lead to shrinkage in the size or number of university hospitals — possibly both. Indeed, they provide a convenient means for shrinking the nation's entire medical-education apparatus. Recent New Jersey history indicates, however, that refinement of certain features in the new system and in the way academic medicine is financed may preserve the . . .
Regulation of Endogenous Gene Expression in Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Estrogen Receptor Ligands
Authors: Pamela A. Hershberger, A. Cecilia Vasquez, Beatriz Kanterewicz, Stephanie Land, Jill M. Siegfried, Mark Nichols
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Estrogen receptor (ER) agonists and antagonists elicit distinct responses in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. To determine how such responses are generated, the expression of ERα, ERβ, and ER coregulators in human lung fibroblasts and human NSCLC cell lines was evaluated by immunoblot. Ligand-dependent estrogenic responses in NSCLC cells are probably generated via ERβ and the p160 coactivator GRIP1/TIF2, because expression of these proteins was detected, but not full-length ERα or the p160 coactivator SRC-1. ERβ and GRIP1/TIF2 are shown to interact in vitro in a ligand-dependent manner and thus may form functional transcription complexes in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, the capacity of ER ligands to regulate gene expression in NSCLC cells was explored using gene miniarrays. Expression profiles were examined after treatment with ER agonist 17-β-estradiol (E2), the pure ER antagonist ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant, Faslodex), or epidermal growth factor, which served as a positive control for an alternative growth stimulus. E-cadherin and inhibitor of differentiation 2 were differentially regulated by E2 versus ICI 182,780 in 201T and 273T NSCLC cell lines. Epidermal growth factor also stimulated proliferation of these cells but had no effect on expression of E-cadherin and inhibitor of differentiation 2, suggesting they are specific targets of ER signaling. These data show that NSCLC cells respond to estrogens/antiestrogens by altering endogenous gene expression and support a model in which ICI 182,780 reduces proliferation of NSCLC cells via its ability to disrupt ER signaling. ICI 182,780 may therefore have therapeutic benefit in NSCLC.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in an adult associated with methicillin-resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Authors: None ACLAND, None DARVAY, None GRIFFIN, None AALI, None RUSSELL-JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

We report the first adult case of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) due to methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This case is particularly unusual as the MRSA produced toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and enterotoxin, but not exfoliatoxin. SSSS was originally described in neonates and is thought to result from exfoliatins which produce subcorneal splitting of the epidermis and are only produced by certain strains of S. aureus. This case reflects the range of toxins that can be associated with SSSS and the clinical manifestations of MRSA infection in adult patients.
Role of c-MYC in alternative activation of human macrophages and tumor-associated macrophage biology
Authors: Oscar M. Pello, Maria De Pizzol, Massimiliano Mirolo, Laura Soucek, Luca Zammataro, Angelo Amabile, Andrea Doni, Manuela Nebuloni, Lamorna B. Swigart, Gerard I. Evan, Alberto Mantovani, Massimo Locati
Journal: Blood (2011)
Endothelial deficiency of L1 reduces tumor angiogenesis and promotes vessel normalization
Authors: Elena Magrini, Alessandra Villa, Francesca Angiolini, Andrea Doni, Giovanni Mazzarol, Noemi Rudini, Luigi Maddaluno, Mina Komuta, Baki Topal, Hans Prenen, Melitta Schachner, Stefano Confalonieri, Elisabetta Dejana, Fabrizio Bianchi, Massimiliano Mazzone, Ugo Cavallaro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

While tumor blood vessels share many characteristics with normal vasculature, they also exhibit morphological and functional aberrancies. For example, the neural adhesion molecule L1, which mediates neurite outgrowth, fasciculation, and pathfinding, is expressed on tumor vasculature. Here, using an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic carcinoma, we evaluated L1 functionality in cancer vessels. Tumor-bearing mice specifically lacking L1 in endothelial cells or treated with anti-L1 antibodies exhibited decreased angiogenesis and improved vascular stabilization, leading to reduced tumor growth and metastasis. In line with these dramatic effects of L1 on tumor vasculature, the ectopic expression of L1 in cultured endothelial cells (ECs) promoted phenotypical and functional alterations, including proliferation, migration, tubulogenesis, enhanced vascular permeability, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. L1 induced global changes in the EC transcriptome, altering several regulatory networks that underlie endothelial pathophysiology, including JAK/STAT-mediated pathways. In particular, L1 induced IL-6-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation, and inhibition of the IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling axis prevented L1-induced EC proliferation and migration. Evaluation of patient samples revealed that, compared with that in noncancerous tissue, L1 expression is specifically enhanced in blood vessels of human pancreatic carcinomas and in vessels of other tumor types. Together, these data indicate that endothelial L1 orchestrates multiple cancer vessel functions and represents a potential target for tumor vascular-specific therapies.
CILOSTAZOL THERAPY ACHIEVES GREATER P2Y12 INHIBITORY EFFECTS COMPARED TO HIGH CLOPIDOGREL MAINTENANCE DOSING IN SUBOPTIMAL CLOPIDOGREL RESPONDERS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Jose Luis, Ferreiro Gutierrez, Piera Capranzano, Masafumi Ueno, Davide Capodanno, Kodlipet Dharmashankar, Andrew Darlington, Bhaloo Desai, Ronald K. Charlton, Lyndon C. Box, Martin M. Zenni, Luis A. Guzman, Theodore A. Bass, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
CASE OF LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ASSOCIATED WITH NEPHRITIS
Authors: J. M. H. MACLEOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1908)

Journal Article CASE OF LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ASSOCIATED WITH NEPHRITIS Get access J. M. H. MACLEOD J. M. H. MACLEOD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 20, Issue 5, 1 May 1908, Pages 162–165, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1908.tb16563.x Published: 01 May 1908
Lesions of Multiple Myeloma Adjacent to the Skull Are Better Visualized on F-18 Fluoroethyldimethyl-2-Hydroxyethylammonium (FECH) PET Images Than on F-18 FDG PET Images
Authors: Xin Cheng, Ruixue Cui, Fang Li, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Multiple myeloma in the regions adjacent to the skull is very rare. We present here the F-18 fluoroethyldimethyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium (FECH) and FDG PET/CT findings in a 64-year-old male patient who had multiple myeloma not only in the axial and appendicular skeletons but also in the maxillary/frontal sinuses and in the sella turcica as well. FECH PET/CT clearly demonstrated all lesions, whereas the findings on FDG PET/CT were less impressive.