tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tamoxifen and Hypercalcemia
Authors: KATHLEEN I. PRITCHARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1978Tamoxifen and HypercalcemiaKATHLEEN I. PRITCHARD, M.D., ROY M. CLARK, M.B., SHELDON FINE, M.D., J. WILLIAM MEAKIN, M.D., DANIELE J. PERRAULT, M.D., DONALD J. A. SUTHERLAND, M.D.KATHLEEN I. PRITCHARD, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROY M. CLARK, M.B.Search for more papers by this author, SHELDON FINE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. WILLIAM MEAKIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DANIELE J. PERRAULT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DONALD J. A. SUTHERLAND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-423 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: To prove that tamoxifen causes hypercalcemia in advanced breast cancer, as has been suggested by Veldhuis (1) and others (2-4), would require that three criteria be met. The hypercalcemia should develop after tamoxifen therapy, reverse when tamoxifen is withdrawn, and be reinduced by tamoxifen rechallenge. In practice, these criteria are seldom fulfilled.In our prospective trial of tamoxifen in 30 premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer, three developed hypercalcemia after 7, 9, and 28 days on tamoxifen therapy. The two who developed hypercalcemia most quickly had extensive preexisting bone involvement. The third patient had a negative skeletal...References1. VELDHUIS J: Tamoxifen and hypercalcemia. Ann Intern Med 88:574-575, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. MINTONCANTWELLKNIGHTRUBENSHAYWARD MBRRJ: Safety of tamoxifen. Lancet 1:396-397, 1978 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FERRAZZICARTEIDEBESIFORNASIEROPALÙPACCAGNELLASPERANDIOFOSSERGRIGOLETTOFIORENTINO EGPAGAPVEM: Tamoxifen in disseminated breast cancer. Tumori 63:463-468, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HENNINGSENAMBERGER BH: Anti-estrogene Therapie des mestastierenden Mammakarzinoms. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 102:713-716, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KIANGKENNEDY DB: Tamoxifen (antiestrogen) therapy in advanced breast cancer. Ann Intern Med 87:687-690, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Princess Margaret Hospital Toronto ON M4X 1K9 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByFlare hypercalcemia after letrozole in a patient with liver metastasis from breast cancer: a case reportTamoxifen flare hypercalcemia: an additional support for gallium nitrate usageTamoxifen and hypercalcaemiaTamoxifen and hypercalcaemiaTamoxifen-induced hypercalcemia in breast cancer 1 September 1978Volume 89, Issue 3Page: 423-424KeywordsBoneBreast cancerHypercalcemia Issue Published: 1 September 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ERYTHROCYTIC SEDIMENTATION TEST IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 1
Authors: Wendell J. Stainsby, Edith E. Nicholls
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1933)

Several investigators (1, 2, 3, 4) have called attention to the increased sedimentation rate of the red blood cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.In order to ascertain the practical importance of this phenomenon, an extensive study was undertaken which continued for three years.During this period, routine sedimentation tests were carried out on all patients with rheumatoid arthritis on admission to the arthritis department of the Cornell Clinic.When possible, the test was repeated at varying intervals as long as a patient was under observation.Altogether 597 cases were included in this study, and the purpose of the following paper is to present an analysis of our findings.TECHNIC
Healthcare commission claims it has succeeded in improving standards
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A combination of ongoing regulation and targeted investigations of service providers has resulted in significant improvement in the quality of care of patients, the Healthcare Commission, England’s healthcare watchdog, has claimed in an assessment of its work over the past five years.

The commission, which is being subsumed into a larger body on 1 April (see News, BMJ 2009;338:b1193, doi:10.1136/bmj.b1193), has assessed the effect of independent regulation on outcomes and quality of care since 2004, when it was set up. It has found “robust evidence from evaluation work that supports the view that regulation has made an important contribution as part of the overall system for improving the quality of care,” it says in its report of the assessment.

The percentage of trusts that …
Why don't doctors use HTML?
Authors: Emma Stapleton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

As a regular browser of the BMJ 's online Rapid Responses, I've noticed that most contributors don't format their entries in HTML (hypertext markup language). Perhaps they don't know basic HTML code, or they just don't bother to use it. Either way, it's a great shame because HTML is extremely easy to learn and use, and formatted letters are a lot more aesthetically pleasing and therefore …
You Do Have Medical-Legal Responsibility, Doctor
Authors: Kent L. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1965)

It is axiomatic that students who choose to become physicians also choose not to become lawyers. As a result of this choice, the average physician tends to look upon the necessary legal phases of medical practice as an encroachment upon his professional skills, educational background, and generally, as a disruptive influence in the practice of medicine. It is understandable that physicians should have a resistant attitude toward other para-professional disciplines, since by nature physicians cling to their independence with a tenacious grasp.  Because it is true that conflict often arises between lawyer and doctor, a more earnest and understanding approach toward medical-legal problems is desirable for all concerned. Physicians must realize that most lawyers are professional colleagues attempting to serve their clients honestly and conscientiously. On the other hand, lawyers must realize that the medical facts possessed by the physician concerning any given situation represent ethical medical practice for the
Fatal disseminated kaposi sarcoma following human herpesvirus 8 primary infections in liver-transplant recipients
Authors: A.G. Marcelin, A.M. Roque-Afonso, M. Hurtova, Z. Ait Arkoub, M. Tulliez, M. Sebagh, N. Dupin, C. Guettier, D. Samuel, V. Calvez, E. Dussaix
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Absence of HIV Transmission From an Infected Dentist to His Patients
Authors: Gordon M. Dickinson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To determine if a general dentist with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection transmitted HIV to any of his patients.A cohort study in which all patients treated by a dentist who developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were identified and attempts were made to contact all patients for HIV antibody testing.A general dentistry clinic operated by the Department of Veterans Affairs in southeastern Florida.All patients treated by a dentist during the 5 3/4 years before he developed AIDS were identified in a computerized registry of dental care.Attempts were made to contact all living patients for counseling and HIV antibody testing. Living patients with newly identified HIV infection were interviewed, and DNA sequence analysis was performed to compare genetic relatedness of their HIV to that of the dentist. Death certificates were obtained for decreased patients, and the medical records of those with diagnoses suggestive of HIV disease or drug abuse and those dying under the age of 50 years were reviewed in detail.There were 1192 patients who had undergone 9267 procedures, of whom 124 were deceased. A review of the death certificates of the deceased patients identified five who had died with HIV infection, all of whom were either homosexuals or users of illicit intravenous drugs. We were able to locate 962 (92%) of the remaining 1048 patients, and 900 agreed to be tested. Infection with HIV was documented in five of the 900 patients, including four who had clear evidence of risk factors for acquiring HIV infection. One patient who had only a single evaluation by the dentist denied high-risk behavior. Comparative DNA sequence analysis demonstrated that the viruses from the dentist and these five patients were not closely related.This study indicates that the risk for transmission of HIV from a general dentist to his patients is minimal in a setting in which universal precautions are strictly observed. Programs to ensure compliance with universal precautions would appear preferable to programs for widespread testing of dentists.
CORONARY CALCIUM PROGRESSION PREDICTS ALL CAUSE MORTALITY
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, John E. Hokanson, Khurram Nasir, Leslee J. Shaw, Gregory L. Kinney, David Chow, Daniel DeMoss, Vivek Nuguri, Vahid Nabavi, Raghu Ratakonda, Daniel S. Berman, Paolo Raggi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Hepatitis B Vaccination and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rates in Boys and Girls
Authors: Mei-Hwei Chang
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a male predominance and is closely related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Hepatitis B virus vaccination was launched in 1984 in Taiwan for neonates of mothers carrying hepatitis B e antigen, resulting in a decreased incidence of HCC in children. The effect on boys vs girls is not known.To evaluate the association between a HBV vaccination program with incidence of childhood HCC by sex.Analysis of data collected from Taiwan's National Cancer Registry System and the Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group between 1981 and 1996.Children aged 6 to 14 years who were diagnosed as having HCC (201 boys and 70 girls).Incidence of HCC in boys and girls before and after implementation of the vaccination program.The boy-girl incidence ratio decreased steadily from 4.5 in 1981-1984 (before the program's introduction) to 1.9 in 1990-1996 (6-12 years after the vaccination program was launched). The incidence of HCC in boys born after 1984 was significantly reduced in comparison with those born before 1978 (relative risk [RR], 0.72; P =.002). No significant decrease in HCC incidence was observed in girls born in the same periods (RR, 0.77; P =.20). The incidence of HCC in boys remained stable with increasing age, while an increase of HCC incidence with age in girls was observed. These age and sex effects remained the same regardless of birth before or after the vaccination program.Our results suggest that boys may benefit more from HBV vaccination than girls in the prevention of HCC.
English patients will be able to go anywhere in England for hip operations
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Patients in England who need a hip replacement will be able to choose surgery anywhere in the country from this July.

The announcement, made last week by the health secretary, Patricia Hewitt, means that ministers will meet their pledge to provide a nationwide choice of hospital for elective orthopaedic surgery a year ahead of schedule.

Currently all patients needing any routine surgery are able to choose from four local hospitals, 34 foundation trusts, and 15 independent sector providers.

The news came as Ms Hewitt announced this summer's launch of NHS Choices, which …
Motor vehichle accidents in the United States (1906-1964)
Authors: R. E. Markush
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Since 1906, in the United States, the under-1-year and 15- to 24-year age groups have had an increasing number of deaths due to motor vehicle accident. The death rates for most other age groups have been declining since the late 1920's and 1930's. This decrease has been most marked for the elderly. The trends suggest that the 1960 cohort will experience its lowest death rates at ages 5 to 14 and its peak rates at ages 15 to 24. They also suggest several hypotheses, such as associations of mortality with inexperience and insufficient concern for self-preservation, that may have direct significance to prevention of deaths.
Detection of Acute Infections during HIV Testing in North Carolina
Authors: Christopher D. Pilcher, Susan A. Fiscus, Trang Q. Nguyen, Evelyn Foust, Leslie Wolf, Del Williams, Rhonda Ashby, Judy Owen O'Dowd, J. Todd McPherson, Brandt Stalzer, Lisa Hightow, William C. Miller, Joseph J. Eron, Myron S. Cohen, Peter A. Leone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

North Carolina has added nucleic acid amplification testing for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to standard HIV antibody tests to detect persons with acute HIV infection who are viremic but antibody-negative.
752-6 Visualization of Coronary Arteries and Measurement of Coronary Blood Flow with Transthoracic Echocardiography After Intravenous Administration of a New Echocardlographic Contrast Agent
Authors: Sharon L. Mulvagh, David A. Foley, Kyle K. Klarich, Beat C. Aeschbacher, Chuwa Tei, James B. Seward
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The Patient With a Permanently Implanted Pacemaker
Authors: William H. Barry
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE USE of permanent cardiac pacemakers for control of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias has become widespread, and the practicing physician is likely to encounter a patient who is being treated with one of these devices. We will review briefly some aspects of pacemaker function and methods of follow-up that we have found to be of interest to physicians as well as patients, based on our experience in operating the Stanford Pacemaker Clinic, where more than 100 patients with permanent pacemakers have been followed up for the past 5 years. <h3>Technical Considerations</h3> Each pacemaking system consists basically of two components: the pacemaker impulse generator and the pacemaker electrode. The most common power source for permanent impulse generators has been the zinc-mercuric oxide battery cells that provide a relatively constant output of electrical energy for 90% of their life and then decay rapidly to zero output. Pacemakers usually have four or five of these
Effects of Brain Natriuretic Peptide on Exercise Hemodynamics and Neurohormones in Isolated Diastolic Heart Failure
Authors: Peter B.M. Clarkson, Nigel M. Wheeldon, Robert J. MacFadyen, Stuart D. Pringle, Thomas M. MacDonald
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Experimental models suggest that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) can modify left ventricular diastolic performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BNP on resting and exercise hemodynamics and neurohormones in patients with isolated diastolic heart failure. Methods and Results Six patients with isolated diastolic heart failure were studied. After baseline hemodynamic measurements were obtained with use of thermistor-tipped pulmonary artery catheters, patients were randomized to receive infusion of BNP or placebo in a single-blind, crossover study. Hemodynamic and neurohormonal parameters were measured at rest after 30 minutes of infusion and during incremental supine bicycle exercise. BNP did not significantly affect resting hemodynamics but attenuated the rise in both pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (placebo, 23±2 mm Hg; BNP, 16±2 mm Hg; P &lt;.01) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (placebo, 34±3 mm Hg; BNP, 29±3 mm Hg; P &lt;.05) during exercise without affecting changes in heart rate, systemic blood pressure, or stroke volume. In response to BNP, there was significant suppression of plasma aldosterone concentration (placebo, 551±107 pmol/L; BNP, 381±56 pmol/L; P &lt;.05). Conclusions BNP infusion causes beneficial hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects during exercise in patients with isolated diastolic heart failure.
Anti‐inflammatory effects of once daily low dose inhaled ciclesonide in mild to moderate asthmatic patients
Authors: A. M. Wilson, M. Duong, B. Pratt, M. Dolovich, P. M. O'Byrne
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Background: Ciclesonide exhibits clinical efficacy at 160 μ g (ex‐actuator) once daily but the anti‐inflammatory effects at this dose are not known. We wished to know whether 4 weeks therapy with ciclesonide pMDI 160 μ g once daily in the morning exhibited significant anti‐inflammatory effects. Methods: Seventeen patients with mild persistent asthma (FEV 1 3.35 l) were recruited into a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized crossover study. Measurements were made after ciclesonide and placebo treatment as well as after run‐in and washout periods, for adenosine monophosphate (AMP) bronchial challenge (primary variable), exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and induced sputum (in a subgroup). Results: The mean (SEM) AMP bronchial challenge PC 20 following ciclesonide (140 (63) mg/ml) was significantly ( P &lt; 0.001) increased compared with placebo (17 (8) mg/ml), run‐in (13 (5) mg/ml) and washout (9 (3) mg/ml) periods. This amounted to an eightfold (CI: 5.3–12.0) for ciclesonide vs placebo. Likewise, there were significant improvements in exhaled NO levels and a significant reduction in induced sputum eosinophil cell counts. Conclusion: We have shown that inhaled ciclesonide given at 160 μ g once daily in the morning exhibits significant anti‐inflammatory effects that are in keeping with the previously described clinical effects.
Abstract 3750: Functional analysis of the Fanconi Anemia pathway in primary lung tumors
Authors: Wenrui Duan, Li Gao, Xin Wu, Weiqiang Zhao, Marino Leon, Gregory A. Otterson, Miguel A. Villalona-Calero
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The Fanconi Anemia (FA) pathway is a major mechanism of homologous recombination DNA repair in response to genotoxic insults. Lack of formation of FANCD2 foci has been reported as a predictor of cisplatin and mitomycin C (MMC) sensitivity in cancer cells. Given that this pathway plays essential roles in response to the DNA damage, cancers with defective FA pathway are expected to be more sensitive to DNA cross-link based therapy, or to treatments in which additional repair mechanisms are targeted. We have developed a test to identify tumors with defective FA pathway using paraffin embedded tissues. Paraffin embedded lung primary cancer specimens were subjected to immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) analysis to evaluate the status of FancD2 subnuclear foci formation, Ki67 protein expression and DAPI staining of nuclei simultaneously in order to eliminate false negative tumor specimens due to absence of tumor cells or low proliferation. Additional validation using FA defective PD220 and PD20 cell-lines as well as fresh tumor tissues was done; IF analysis and Western blotting analysis of FDACD2 protein mono-ubiqutination were performed. The ratio of FANCD2 foci negative tumor was 20% among 20 paraffin embedded non-small cell lung cancer samples analyzed. Histological characteristics of the defective tumors include large cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The proposed immunofluorecence staining method evaluates functional status of FA pathway using paraffin embedded tissues even after long term storage. Given the clinical availability of agents targeting alternative mechanisms of repair, the status of FA pathway may be an important biomarker for personalized therapeutic treatment in patients with lung cancers. A clinical trial to validate this hypothesis is under way. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3750.
Photoreceptor-Derived Activin Promotes Dendritic Termination and Restricts the Receptive Fields of First-Order Interneurons in Drosophila
Authors: Chun-Yuan Ting, Philip G. McQueen, Nishith Pandya, Tzu-Yang Lin, Meiluen Yang, O. Venkateswara Reddy, Michael B. O’Connor, Matthew McAuliffe, Chi-Hon Lee
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Interferon and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: Whom are we treating?
Authors: Harold O. Conn, Ronald L. Koretz
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Chronic hepatitis C (non-A, non-B hepatitis) is a common and often progressive viral liver disease. To assess the efficacy of therapy with the antiviral agent interferon alfa, we randomly assigned 166 patients with chronic hepatitis C to treatment with either 3 million or 1 million units of recombinant interferon alfa three times weekly for 24 weeks, or to no treatment. The probability of normalization or near normalization of the serum alanine aminotransferase levels after six months of interferon therapy was 46 percent in patients treated with 3 million units of interferon (P <0.001) and 28 percent in those treated with 1 million units (P <0.02), but only 8 percent in untreated patients. The serum alanine aminotransferase level became completely normal in 22 of the 26 patients (85 percent) who responded to treatment with 3 million units of interferon and 9 of the 16 patients (56 percent) who responded to treatment with 1 million units. The patients who received 3 million units of interferon had histologic improvement because of the regression of lobular and periportal inflammation. Relapse within six months after the completion of treatment occurred in 51 percent of the patients treated with 3 million units of interferon and 44 percent of those treated with 1 million units. We conclude that a 24-week course of interferon therapy is effective in controlling disease activity in many patients with hepatitis C, although relapse after the cessation of treatment is common. Infection with the hepatitis C virus may result in chronic liver disease for which no effective therapy is now available. We studied the effects of recombinant human interferon alfa in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with well-documented chronic hepatitis C. Forty-one patients were enrolled in the trial, 37 of whom were later found to have antibody to hepatitis C virus. Twentyone patients received interferon alfa (2 million units) subcutaneously three times weekly for six months, and 20 received placebo. The mean serum aminotransferase levels and the histologic features of the liver improved significantly in the patients treated with interferon but not in the patients given placebo. Ten patients treated with interferon (48 percent) had a complete response, defined as a decline in mean serum aminotransferase levels to the normal range during therapy; three others had a decrease in mean aminotransferase levels of more than 50 percent. After treatment ended, however, serum aminotransferases usually returned to pretreatment levels; 6 to 12 months after the discontinuation of interferon therapy, only two patients (10 percent) still had normal values. We conclude that interferon alfa therapy is beneficial in reducing disease activity in chronic hepatitis C; however, the beneficial responses are often transient.
Science Year 1976: The World Book Science Annual
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Except in relatively narrow areas, there is not much difference between physicians and enlightened laymen in the matter of scientific knowledge. This applies not only to such fields as anthropology or geophysics or electrical engineering, but even to the biological sciences, including much of technical medicine. The annual publication,<i>Science Year</i>, designed for laymen, will prove fascinating to physicians and will help them see the broad perspective of science, in addition to providing some details in medicine with which they may be unfamiliar. The volume contains popular but well-written articles about various scientific topics. Those specifically medical include discussions of hyaline membrane disease, "slow viruses" attacking the central nervous system, microscopy, hypothalamic hormones. Among the many nonmedical essays are those that discuss geophysics and geology, astronomy, anthropology, and meteorology. An additional section surveys in more cursory form the latest scientific developments in various fields. The biological sciences are well represented,