tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fenbufen-induced erythema multiforme.
Authors: A Peacock, J Ledingham
Journal: BMJ (1981)

<h3>Background</h3> The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument to measure anxiety and depression symptoms. <h3>Aims</h3> This study aimed to translate, validate and test the applicability of the Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS/UV) among pregnant women. <h3>Methods</h3> The original English version of the HADS was translated into Urdu by three bilingual experts and retranslated to English using the forward–backward approach. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of 200 pregnant women availing obstetrics and gynaecology services for routine prenatal check-ups of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan. Psychometric properties of the instrument, including reliability (internal consistency, test–retest analysis and interitems correlation), were tested. Face and content validity were also assessed. Content Validity Index (CVI) was determined using the average approach and Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) were calculated accordingly. Construct validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Cronbach’s alpha coefficient has been found to be 0.82 for the anxiety subscale and 0.64 for the depression subscale, while overall alpha of the HADS/UV is 0.84. The Urdu version is content valid, and the S-CVI of anxiety subscale, depression subscale and HADS/UV are 0.947, 948 and 0.947, respectively. Test–retest reliability is 0.884 and 0.934 as measured by Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation, respectively. HADS/UV items correlated positively with the whole scale (p&lt;0.001). Factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed that two factors explained 42.75% of the variance. Items’ distribution was quite similar to the original HADS. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The HADS/UV is a psychometrically sound instrument with satisfactory measurement, including good internal consistency. The instrument shows promise to be a sound tool to assess anxiety and depression in pregnancy.
Effects of obesity on bile formation and biliary lipid secretion in the genetically obese JCR:LA-corpulent rat
Authors: Catherine M. St. George, James C. Russell, Eldon A. Shaffer
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Obesity, a known risk factor in cholesterol gallstone disease, is a favorable factor in the formation of bile supersaturated with cholesterol. Previous studies have been indirect and limited to human beings. To better define the hepatic secretory defect, we directly measured bile secretion and bile salt kinetics in a genetically obese rat. Common bile duct cannulations and 24-hr bile collections were performed on 11 obese (homozygous for the cp gene) and 11 lean (heterozygous cp) female rats of the JCR:LA-cp strain. In absolute terms, obese rats had normal bile salt secretion rates, 28% larger bile salt pools and 45% greater bile salt synthesis than lean controls. Obese rats had twice the total liver DNA content of lean controls, indicating twice the liver cell number. In terms relative to liver cell number, bile salt synthesis per milligram DNA was no different in the obese rats and controls. Biliary secretion under basal conditions, when expressed per total DNA content, was significantly decreased in the obese rats. Bile salt and phospholipid secretion per milligram DNA were decreased 54% and 49%, respectively, whereas a lesser 31% reduction in cholesterol secretion resulted in an increased cholesterol saturation index. The bile salt secretion rate and bile flow per milligram DNA were both decreased by half in obese rats, a cholestatic state likely reflecting the accumulation of intracellular microvesicular fat and mitochondrial damage. The secretory defect in this model of obesity is therefore less bile salt and phospholipid in relation to the cholesterol secreted per liver cell. (Hepatology 1994;20:1541-1547).
Radioimmunoassay for human myoglobin. Initial experience in patients with coronary heart disease.
Authors: M Reichlin, J P Visco, F J Klocke
Journal: Circulation (1978)

A radioimmunoassay for human myoglobin has been used to study the serum myoglobin level in 13 normal individuals and 68 patients admitted to a Coronary Care Unit because of chest pain. Values in normal individuals ranged from 3 to 75 and averaged 25 +/- 23 (SD) ng/ml. Thirty-two patients with myocardial infarction initially examined within 12 hours of the onset of chest pain all showed clear-cut elevations in serum myoglobin, peak values ranging from 200 to 5500 and averaging 1368 +/- 1357 ng/ml. Seventeen patients with clinically atypical chest pain and no subsequent evidence of myocardial necrosis had myoglobin levels in the normal range, as did 11 of 19 patients with chest pain thought clinically to represent myocardial ischemia but no subsequent evidence of myocardial necrosis by conventional criteria. The final eight patients in the latter group showed mild elevations of serum Mb, peak values ranging from 102 to 280 and averaging 162 +/- 52 ng/ml; the basis for these elevations remains to be clarified.
Tumor stem cells derived from glioblastomas cultured in bFGF and EGF more closely mirror the phenotype and genotype of primary tumors than do serum-cultured cell lines
Authors: Jeongwu Lee, Svetlana Kotliarova, Yuri Kotliarov, Aiguo Li, Qin Su, Nicholas M. Donin, Sandra Pastorino, Benjamin W. Purow, Neil Christopher, Wei Zhang, John K. Park, Howard A. Fine
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)
FRI0334 Safety of rituximab for remission maintenance in relapsing anca–associated vasculitis: repeat cycles on clinical relapse are associated with low rates of hypogammaglobulinaemia
Authors: M. Y. Md Yusof, E. Vital, S. Dass, C. Pease, M. Martin, S. Savic, M. Buch, P. Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab is effective in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Since relapse often occurs after an initial response, either fixed-interval rituximab re-treatment or re-treatment-at-relapse is used to maintain long term response. Attrition of immunoglobulin levels and risk of infection are a potential concern with repeat cycles of B cell depletion with up to 67% of patients with low IgG after 36 months in one series[1]. We previously reported good long term efficacy using re-treatment-at-relapse[2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate immunoglobulin levels, serious adverse events and serious infections during rituximab treatment of refractory AAV based on the re-treatment-at-relapse strategy. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted an observational study of patients with AAV treated with at least 2 cycles of rituximab in a single centre between January 2006 and December 2012 – a total of 142 patient-years follow up. Each cycle consisted of 2x1000mg infusions repeated on clinical relapse. IgG levels were measured at baseline and 6 months after each cycle (normal range 6.0-16.0). Severe adverse events were defined as those resulting in hospitalisation which lasted more than 24 hours, flares requiring intravenous therapy, malignancies, life-threatening situations or death. <h3>Results</h3> 30 patients (18 male and 12 female) with a median age of 58.9 years old (range 21-83) were identified. 22 patients were PR3 positive, 7 were MPO positive and 1 was ANCA negative but with a positive histology for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Numbers of repeat cycles are shown in Table 1. Median time to re-treatment for cycles 1-4 were 82, 71, 58 and 57 weeks respectively. There were 26 serious adverse events: 1 death due to bronchopneumonia and 26 hospital admissions (median duration 6 days) were recorded in 14 patients. Of these, 9 were due to flares requiring intravenous methylprednisolone and 8 were serious infection (5.6/100 patient-years), mostly lower respiratory tract infection. 6 patients with serious infection had lower IgM at baseline and a greater reduction in IgG, although was not statistically significant. IgG data are shown in Table 1. 4 patients had low IgG before rituximab and only 1 developed low IgG during therapy. 1 patient with low IgG at baseline had two serious infections and required intravenous immunoglobulin. No other patient had to discontinue rituximab therapy due to low IgG. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Re-treatment at relapse did not result in progressive reduction in IgG in patients with normal immunoglobulins at baseline. Serious infection rates were low. This is of particular importance since there are limited other effective agents for this relapsing disease. <h3>References</h3> Smith et al. Arthritis Rheum 2012 Dass et al. EULAR 2011 <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: None Declared
Antiabortionists ordered to pay $108m for threats of violence
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A coalition of antiabortion protesters in Portland, Oregon (US), has been ordered to pay US$107.9 million in damages to Planned Parenthood, the Portland Feminist Women's Health Center, and a group of physicians. The physicians had filed a civil lawsuit in response to threats made against them on an Internet Website and in "Deadly Dozen" wanted posters listing their names and addresses. One poster offered a $5000 reward to anyone who persuaded a physician to "turn from child killing." An unknown gunman fired shots into this physician's children's playroom in the middle of the night. The jury found that the Website and posters constituted illegal threats of violence under federal law. The president of Planned Parenthood stated, "The jury saw the wanted posters for what they are--a hit list for terrorists."
SURVIVAL AFTER PROLONGED COMA: INFORMATION REQUESTED
Authors: WILLIAM H. SWEET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Letters and Comments1 April 1968SURVIVAL AFTER PROLONGED COMA: INFORMATION REQUESTEDWILLIAM H. SWEET, M.D., D.SC.WILLIAM H. SWEET, M.D., D.SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-4-960_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo The Editor: The ability of physicians to maintain life for very long periods in the unconscious patient raises the question as to how long such skills should be deployed. As physicians we are eager to promote the recovery of everyone who can do so. In order to deprive no one of his chances on this score it is relevant to know the longest periods of coma that have been followed by useful survival.A committee of the Massachusetts General Hospital is studying our own records and the world literature to determine pertinent features in all patients who,despite coma... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1968Volume 68, Issue 4Page: 960-960KeywordsComa Issue Published: 1 April 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Neural networks for selection and the Luce choice rule
Authors: Claus Bundesen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Page proposes a simple, localist, lateral inhibitory network for implementing a selection process that approximately conforms to the Luce choice rule. I describe another localist neural mechanism for selection in accordance with the Luce choice rule. The mechanism implements an independent race model. It consists of parallel, independent nerve fibers connected to a winner-take-all cluster, which records the winner of the race.
SCHIP, Medicare Compromise
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergency dentistry for the general practitioner. II. Treatment of the primary conditions causing pain.
Authors: G. R. Seward
Journal: BMJ (1966)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Predeployment stress management/mental health training is routinely delivered in an effort to mitigate potential adverse psychological effects. Little is known about the effectiveness of such interventions. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature review explored research outcomes related to this subject, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines. An electronic database search using key terms identified studies published between January 2007 and March 2019. Comprehensive inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied and study quality was appraised by two reviewers using 12 criteria adapted from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Papers were excluded if they were allocated CASP scores ≤10 out of 24. <h3>Results</h3> 2003 references were identified; 15 papers fulfilled inclusion criteria and quality threshold requirements. Included studies were randomised controlled trial design (n=8), quasi-experimental (n=5), case report (n=1) and cross-sectional (n=1). Duration of follow-up assessment varied from immediately postintervention to 24 months. The included studies were heterogeneous so clear recommendations relating to predeployment training for military personnel could not be made. Although somewhat disparate, predeployment interventions shared the aim of promoting prior to, during and after deployment health and well-being. Social benefits such as improved cohesion and improved stress management skills were identified in some studies, although substantial mental health and well-being benefits were not found. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Evidence for the effectiveness of predeployment psychological interventions is scant. Every attempt should be made to use methods and measures to facilitate comparisons across studies, to attempt a longer follow-up timescale and to clarify key trainer characteristics.
EVALUATION OF CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION BY MULTI-DETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: COMPARISON WITH INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND IMAGING AFTER RECANALIZATION
Authors: Akiko Maehara, Michael Poon, Gary S. Mintz, Kazuhiro Ashida, Hisaya Sato, Masahiko Ochiai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Hypnotic drugs were associated with increased risk for mortality
Authors: Mitchell Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club19 June 2012Hypnotic drugs were associated with increased risk for mortalityMitchell Levine, MDMitchell Levine, MDCentre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (M.L.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-02013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKripke DF, Langer RD, Kline LE. Hypnotics' association with mortality or cancer: a matched cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012;2:e000850. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22371848Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Mental Health: Oncology: Reference1 Belleville G. Mortality hazard associated with anxiolytic and hypnotic drug use in the National Population Health Survey. Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55:558−67. [PMID: 20840803] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (M.L.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 June 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPersistent Insomnia is Associated with Mortality RiskIs suvorexant a better choice than alternative hypnotics?Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of Yoga for Sleep Quality Among Cancer SurvivorsÜbrigens ... 19 June 2012Volume 156, Issue 12Page: JC6-13KeywordsAlcoholsBody mass indexCohort studiesDrugsElectronic medical recordsInsomniaTreatment guidelines ePublished: 19 June 2012 Issue Published: 19 June 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Biological Regulation of Factor VIII Activity
Authors: Randal J. Kaufman
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1992)

Factor VIII, the plasma protein deficient in hemophilia A, is a crucial cofactor for regulation of hemostasis. Our understanding of factor VIII increased tremendously once it became possible to isolate homogeneous preparations of this protein from plasma. In addition, the isolation of the factor VIII gene has provided new means of exploring the structure and function of factor VIII. This increasing knowledge also sheds light on the genetic alterations resulting in hemophilia as well as in thrombophilia. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the regulation of factor VIII function and raises questions to be answered in the years to come.
Bioaccumulation and detection of trace levels of cadmium in aquatic systems by Eichhornia crassipes
Authors: B. C. Wolverton, Rebecca C. McDonald
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) may be used as a sensitive biological indicator for continuously monitoring trace quantities of toxic heavy metals in aquatic systems. A river water system polluted with cadmium was simulated while other factors of temperature, day-night cycle, water quality, and light intensity remained constant. When the water hyacinth is maintained in river water containing 0.001 mg/l. of cadmium chloride, the plant's root system will concentrate this element at an average rate of 0.9, 1.4, and 3.0 μg Cd/g root dry weight after 24, 48, and 72 hr exposure periods, respectively. At a higher cadmium concentration of 0.01 mg/l., cadmium was concentrated in the roots much faster to levels of 6.8, 13.6, and 39.1 μg/g root after 4, 8, and 24 hr exposure periods, respectively. At initial concentrations of 0.05 mg/l. cadmium, the roots contained 29.5, 48.8, and 156 μg/g root following 4, 8, and 24 hr exposure periods, respectively. During these same time intervals, the water hyacinth sorbed 56.7, 153, and 281 μg/g root when the initial cadmium concentration was increased to 0.10 mg/l.The water hyacinth tops can also assist in the monitoring process when cadmium contamination levels are 0.10 mg/l. and greater. At this initial cadmium concentration, cadmium is translocated into the tops. After 8 hr, the tops averaged 1.1 μg/g top. After 24 hr, this concentration was increased to 6.1 μg/g top.
Book Review Biopsy Pathology of Melanocytic Disorders (Biopsy Pathology Series [17].) by W.J. Mooi and T. Krausz. 433 pp., illustrated. New York, Chapman and Hall, 1992. $99.95. (Distributed in the U.S. by Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.) 0-412-32350-8
Authors: Ricardo M. Mandojana
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
The sumoylation pathway is dysregulated in multiple myeloma and is associated with adverse patient outcome
Authors: James J. Driscoll, Dheeraj Pelluru, Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Rao H. Prabhala, Philip R. Greipp, Bart Barlogie, Yu-Tzu Tai, Kenneth C. Anderson, John D. Shaughnessy, Christina M. Annunziata, Nikhil C. Munshi
Journal: Blood (2009)
Prophylaxis against Rabies
Authors: Charles E. Rupprecht, Robert V. Gibbons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A six-month-old girl presents for a "well-baby" appointment in New Jersey. The mother is concerned about a dead bat she found in the child's bedroom. A Virginia businessman relaxing on his patio after work pulls a toy from his puppy's mouth. He notices a dead raccoon within his fenced yard, where his puppy has been playing, and telephones you for advice. You receive e-mail from a South American colleague, who has been bitten by a stray dog while jogging. She solicits your medical opinion. How would you manage these situations?
Epidemiology of low cholesterol levels in older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study.
Authors: T A Manolio, W H Ettinger, R P Tracy, L H Kuller, N O Borhani, J C Lynch, L P Fried
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Low cholesterol levels have been associated with increased mortality from stroke, cancer, and other noncardiovascular diseases, but the reasons for this association remain unclear. One explanation is that persons with low cholesterol levels have early or occult disease that eventually leads to their deaths. METHODS AND RESULTS This possibility was explored in 2,091 men and 2,714 women 65-100 years old in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a multicenter observational study of risk factors for heart disease and stroke in older adults. Cholesterol levels &lt; or = 160 mg/dL were present in 11.6% of men and 3.7% of women and increased in prevalence with age. After adjustment for age, total cholesterol levels in this range were associated with a twofold increased prevalence of treated diabetes in men and women and with a twofold increased prevalence of cancer diagnosed in the preceding 5 years in women only. Low cholesterol was also associated with lower levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and factor VII, suggesting a link with hepatic synthetic function. On multivariate analysis, factors most strongly associated with low cholesterol levels in men and women were decreased factor VII levels, decreased albumin, and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Cross-sectional associations with low cholesterol levels differ by sex and suggest poorer health by some measures. The observed relations with treated diabetes and impaired hepatic synthetic function should be examined for risk of mortality in longitudinal data from this and other observational studies.
AKT2 is essential to maintain podocyte viability and function during chronic kidney disease
Authors: Guillaume Canaud, Frank Bienaimé, Amandine Viau, Caroline Treins, William Baron, Clément Nguyen, Martine Burtin, Sophie Berissi, Konstantinos Giannakakis, Andrea Onetti Muda, Stefan Zschiedrich, Tobias B Huber, Gérard Friedlander, Christophe Legendre, Marco Pontoglio, Mario Pende, Fabiola Terzi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Journal Editors and the Press
Authors: William H. Sweet
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Herewith my comments on the editorials criticizing the recent and present editors of the<i>NEJM</i>for their policy of discouraging publication of data in lay or "medical news" articles before their appearance in the<i>NEJM</i>. It is my impression that nearly all new diagnostic or therapeutic measures in medicine are prescribed and carried out by physicians. Hence, it seems eminently logical to me to give physicians the first opportunity to appraise the new material in the form in which a scientific medical journal publishes it. As a clinical practitioner I appreciate the current modus operandi of the<i>NEJM</i>and the cooperating news media. I emphasize the importance of cooperation. The latter graciously defer publication until the day before or the day I receive the journal. Then when my patient asks me if I am aware of a quote from the article in the newspaper, I can promptly