tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Baroreflex Sensitivity and Heart Rate Variability in the Identification of Patients at Risk for Life-Threatening Arrhythmias
Authors: Maria Teresa La Rovere, Gian Domenico Pinna, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Frank I. Marcus, Andrea Mortara, Ryuji Nohara, J. Thomas Bigger, A. John Camm, Peter J. Schwartz
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The need for accurate risk stratification is heightened by the expanding indications for the implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) focused interest on patients with both depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the presence of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT). Meanwhile, the prospective study Autonomic Tone and Reflexes After Myocardial Infarctio (ATRAMI) demonstrated that markers of reduced vagal activity, such as depressed baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) an heart rate variability (HRV), are strong predictors of cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction.We analyzed 1071 ATRAMI patients after myocardial infarction who had data on LVEF, 24-hour ECG recording, and BRS. During follow-up (21 +/- 8 months), 43 patients experienced cardiac death, 5 patients had episodes of sustained VT, and 30 patients experienced sudden death and/or sustained VT. NSVT, depressed BRS, or HRV were all significantly and independently associated with increased mortality. The combination of all 3 risk factor increased the risk of death by 22x. Among patients with LVEF<35%, despite the absence of NSVT, depressed BRS predicted higher mortality (18% versus 4.6%, P = 0.01). This is a clinically important finding because this grou constitutes 25% of all patients with depressed LVEF. For both cardiac and arrhythmic mortality, the sensitivity of lo BRS was higher than that of NSVT and HRV CONCLUSIONS: BRS and HRV contribute importantly and additionally to risk stratification. Particularly when LVEF is depressed, the analysis of BRS identifies a large number of patients at high risk for cardiac and arrhythmic mortalit who might benefit from implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy without disproportionately increasing the number of false-positives.
Percutaneous fixation with Kirschner wires versus volar locking plate fixation in adults with dorsally displaced fracture of distal radius: randomised controlled trial
Authors: M. L. Costa, J. Achten, N. R. Parsons, A. Rangan, D. Griffin, S. Tubeuf, S. E. Lamb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objectives</b> To compare the clinical effectiveness of Kirschner wire fixation with locking plate fixation for patients with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius. <b>Design</b> A multicentre two arm parallel group assessor blind randomised controlled trial with 1:1 treatment allocation. <b>Setting</b> 18 trauma centres in the United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 461 adults with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius within 3 cm of the radiocarpal joint that required surgical fixation. Patients were excluded if the surgeon thought that the surface of the wrist joint was so badly displaced it required open reduction. <b>Interventions</b> Kirschner wire fixation: wires are passed through the skin over the dorsal aspect of the distal radius and into the bone to hold the fracture in the correct anatomical position. Locking plate fixation: a locking plate is applied through an incision over the volar (palm) aspect of the wrist and secured to the bone with fixed angle locking screws. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Primary outcome measure: validated patient rated wrist evaluation (PRWE). This rates wrist function in two (equally weighted) sections concerning the patient’s experience of pain and disability to give a score out of 100. Secondary outcomes: disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, the EuroQol (EQ-5D), and complications related to the surgery. <b>Results</b> The baseline characteristics of the two groups were well balanced, and over 90% of patients completed follow-up. The wrist function of both groups of patients improved by 12 months. There was no clinically relevant difference in the patient rated wrist score at three, six, or 12 months (difference in favour of the plate group was −1.3, 95% confidence interval −4.5 to 1.8; P=0.40). Nor was there a clinically relevant difference in health related quality of life or the number of complications in each group. <b>Conclusions</b> Contrary to the existing literature, and against the rapidly increasing use of locking plate fixation, this trial found no difference in functional outcome in patients with dorsally displaced fractures of the distal radius treated with Kirschner wires or volar locking plates. Kirschner wire fixation, however, is cheaper and quicker to perform. <b>Trial registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISCRTN 31379280. UKCRN 8956.
Parliamentary Bills Committee of the British Medical Association: The Sale of Carbolic Acid
Authors: C. L. Peel
Journal: BMJ (1897)

THE Globe, in a well-considered article, approves of the attitude taken by the profession at Penge.It says: "They (the doctors) hold, and no doubt correctly, that many men take advantage of the benefits of the doctor's fund who are not justified in so doing, as they are earning wages which would easily enable them to call in the medical man on their own account; and, moreover, they consider the 48. is but a miserable
Granulocytes and no-reflow phenomenon in irreversible hemorrhagic shock.
Authors: J Barroso-Aranda, G W Schmid-Schönbein, B W Zweifach, R L Engler
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Recent evidence shows that circulating granulocytes play an important role in capillary stasis and tissue injury. We investigated two aspects of the problem in a Wiggers hemorrhagic shock model of the rat: the survival rate and the microvascular no-reflow phenomenon. A conventional group of rats with normal blood cells and a neutropenic group of rats pretreated with intraperitoneal antigranulocyte antibody were used to evaluate the effects of granulocytes. Two hemorrhagic shock protocols (HSP) were carried out. In HSP-1, the rats were subjected to 40 mm Hg mean arterial pressure for 3 hours. The conventional group (n = 11) showed a 36% survival rate compared with 100% in the neutropenic group (n = 6). In HSP-2, the hypotension was more severe, 30 mm Hg mean arterial pressure for 7 hours. There were no survivors in the conventional group (n = 8), compared with a 100% survival rate in the neutropenic group (n = 6). The extent, location, and mechanism of the no-reflow phenomenon was investigated by examining histological sections from several organs after infusion of a contrast medium to mark vessels with flow in a control group without shock and in the HSP-2 model 2 hours after blood replacement. The arterioles and venules uniformly contained contrast medium in all three groups; only capillaries showed no-reflow. A significantly higher percentage of no-reflow was observed in the capillaries of the conventional shock group than in the neutropenic shock group. We concluded that the obstruction of capillaries was largely due to trapped granulocytes, suggesting that these leukocytes play a key role in the capillary no-reflow phenomenon and survival from hemorrhagic shock.
Effect of Chlordiazepoxide on Thyroid Function
Authors: Harvey Oberman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE (Librium), a newly synthesized psychotherapeutic agent, became available in 1959. During the past year, several attending physicians at this institution commented that the protein bound iodine and radioactive iodine uptakes tended to be low in several of their patients who were taking chlordiazepoxide. A review of the literature yielded no direct information. Shackleford<sup>1</sup>stated: "Chlordiazepoxide appears to potentiate some medications, and may exert an antithyroid effect." Boris et al concluded that chlordiazepoxide does not possess antithyrotropic effects in rats.<sup>2</sup>It was believed that a study of the effect of this drug on thyroid function in man was indicated. Healthy volunteers and patients who were to remain in the hospital for a minimal stay of 10 days were selected for this study. Patients with thyroid, liver, renal, or heart disease were rejected, as were subjects who had been exposed to iodine in any form or had received
An Analysis of Potential Surrogate Markers of Target-Specific Therapy in Archival Materials of Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Megumi Nakamura, Yasuhiro Miki, Jun-ichi Akahira, Ryo Morimoto, Fumitoshi Satoh, Shigeto Ishidoya, Yoichi Arai, Takashi Suzuki, Yutaka Hayashi, Hironobu Sasano
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2009)
Body Image Concerns, Muscle-Enhancing Behaviors, and Eating Disorders in Males
Authors: Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, Marla E. Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in the measurement of vital capacity: A comparison of three methods in normal subjects and in patients with pulmonary emphysema
Authors: D. C. S. Hutchison, C. E. Barter, N. A. Martelli
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Hutchison, D. C. S., Barter, C. E., and Martelli, N. A. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 584-587. <b>Errors in the measurement of vital capacity: a comparison of three methods in normal subjects and in patients with pulmonary emphysema.</b> Three methods of measuring the vital capacity have been compared in six normal subjects and in six with pulmonary emphysema, according to a randomized design. The methods were (<i>a</i>) the inspiratory vital capacity (IVC), (<i>b</i>) the expiratory vital capacity (EVC), and (<i>c</i>) the forced vital capacity (FVC). In normal subjects, there was a small but significant difference between the methods. The residual standard deviation derived from analysis of variance was 94 ml (coefficient of variation 1.7%). A slight but significant rise in vital capacity with repeated effort was observed. In emphysematous subjects, there was no significant difference between the IVC and EVC methods. The FVC gave values which were, on average, approximately 0.5 litre less than those obtained by the other methods. The standard deviation in all three methods was substantially greater than for the normal subjects. The FVC is not a suitable method for the measurement of vital capacity in patients with pulmonary emphysema. The EVC is satisfactory, provided it is used with caution, but in practice the IVC is the preferred method.
Postpartum fever and shortness of breath
Authors: A. Morton
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 26 year old gravida 3 para 2 woman developed fever and malaise after an uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery at 38 weeks’ gestation. Postpartum vaginal loss was unremarkable. Her baby, a boy with a birth weight of 3420 g, was well. Her symptoms were initially attributed to a viral illness. However, she gradually became more unwell over the next two days with lightheadedness, abdominal pain, fever, and shortness of breath, and she was noted to have tachycardia and hypotension. On the third day postpartum, while still an inpatient, she was extremely unwell. Pulse rate was 140 beats/min, blood pressure was 80/20 mm Hg, and oxygen saturations were 91% while breathing oxygen at 6 L/min. Heart sounds were dual, chest examination showed bibasal crackles, and she had hypogastric tenderness. Initial investigations were haemoglobin 96 g/L (pregnancy specific reference range 115-165), white blood cell count 11.2×109/L (4-15), platelets 155×109/L (150-400), prothrombin time 21 s (11-16), activated partial thromboplastin time 52.7 s (23-38), fibrinogen 13.2 µmol/L (5.1-11.8; 1µmol/L=3401 mg/dL), creatinine 136 µmol/L (1 µmol/L=0.01 mg/dL;30-70), estimated glomerular filtration rate 41 mL/min (80-120), serum bicarbonate 10 mmol/L (1 mmol/L=1 mEq/L; 22-33), and venous lactate 6.6 mmol/L (1 mmol/L=9.01 mg/dL; 0.5-2.2). She was given intravenous antibiotics and hydrocortisone and transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). Chest radiography showed diffuse bilateral lower zone infiltrates. A non-contrast computed tomogram of the abdomen and pelvis was unremarkable. Echocardiography showed bilateral reduction in left and right ventricular function, with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 40% and no evidence of endocarditis. Cardiac troponin I was raised at 0.34 µg/L (<0.05), with a subsequent peak value of 22 µg/L.
Updating the Goeckerman regimen for psoriasis
Authors: JOHN W. PETROZZI, JOHN O. BARTON, KAYS K. KAIDB̀EY, ALBERT M. KLIGMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Various components of the Goeckerman regimen were analysed. Although our findings are preliminary, they indicate several important observations: (1) Irradiation of tar treated patients with UVA compared to UVB showed the most efficacious wavelengths to be in the erythemic range (UVB). (2) A 1% concentration of crude coal tar was as effective as 5 and 25%.(3) Application of tar 2 h prior to irradiation was equivalent to overnight usage. (4) Little difference was noted between hydrophilic ointment and petrolatum as vehicles. (5) A tar gel was less beneficial than crude tar. The benefits of the Goeckerman therapy are derived from the intrinsic antipsoriatic effects of both tar and UVB. For some the combination is additive and necessary for clearing; for others either of the components may have great benefit alone. Our favourable results with UVB alone indicate that its effectiveness has been understated and poorly appreciated. Minimizing the time of tar application without loss of efficacy makes treatment adaptable to outpatient practice.
Cerebellum and brainstem vasculopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: two clinico-pathological cases.
Authors: R W Smith, D W Ellison, E A Jenkins, P J Gallagher, M I Cawley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

The case histories are reported of two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed fatal neurological involvement, each presenting with cerebellar and brainstem signs. Neuro-pathological changes were confined to the cerebellum and brainstem, with clear evidence of a small vessel vasculopathy. The predominant histological abnormalities were multiple perivascular haemorrhages in one case and classical vasculitic changes in the other.
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS AND ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND NO CLINICAL EVIDENCE OF HEART FAILURE: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Vu Linh Hoang, Daniel Addison, Yochai Birnbaum, Francisco Macedo, Mahboob Alam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Characterization of Mediastinal Lymph Node Physiology In Vivo by Optical Spectroscopy during Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration
Authors: Stephen C. Kanick, Cor van der Leest, Remco S. Djamin, Andre M. Janssens, Henk C. Hoogsteden, Henricus J.C.M Sterenborg, Arjen Amelink, Joachim G.J.V Aerts
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Abstract 5138: Development of a high-throughput screen for breast cancer metastatic potential
Authors: Janelle L. Harris, Kum Kum Khanna
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Metastasis is a frequent cause of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality. Identification of genetic signatures or expression profiles which are associated with metastasis typically involves microarray analysis or genomic sequencing of isolated metastases, either in a clinical setting or animal models. In order to explore the contribution of individual genes to metastasis, we have developed an in vitro culture method for preferential expansion of breast cancer cells with high metastatic potential. Growing breast cancer cells in low growth factor, anchorage independent conditions maintains cells with low metastatic potential in a dormant or non-proliferative state while cells with more aggressive characteristics rapidly proliferate to form ascini. Low-throughput manual testing of this system is currently being carried out using two ‘dormant’ cell lines (PMC 42 LA and MCF-7) and one aggressive metastatic line (MDA MB 231) and ectopic expression of a subset of genes which we anticipate could promote metastasis (PTK2, MYLK, ROCK1, S100A4, Rad51 and ID1). In the high-content genetic screens, genes which cause a significant change in the number or size of ascini will be identified and validated in culture manually as well as in mouse models of breast cancer metastasis. The genetic data derived from these screens will identify genes which promote metastasis, yielding mechanistic information about the progress of metastatic disease. It will also provide convenient platform for testing therapeutic strategies to maintain micrometastases in a dormant state and prevent the onset of clinically relevant metastatic disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5138. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5138
Adolescence. When isn't it "just a phase?"
Authors: M. J. Blotcky
Journal: JAMA (1977)

DESPITE many popular opinions to the contrary, most of today's adolescents function with gratification and competence in most spheres of their lives most of the time. Symptoms that will require treatment by a specialist develop only in a minority. But here, precisely, is the enigma for the clinician. In this period of rapid, serious, and lasting change in the young patient's life, when can the symptoms rightly be called "adolescent turmoil"? When can the parental denial, "It's just a phase," be justified, and how does the clinician make that judgment? When is referral to a psychiatrist necessary, and how does one go about making it? <h3>A Tale of Two Teenagers</h3> Joan, a 17-year-old high school senior, was, in many ways, a model youth. Her grades were excellent. She loved to read and ponder philosophical issues. There were no family fights, but Joan's parents were concerned with her lack of direction.
THE USE OF THE DRINKER RESPIRATOR IN THE AFTER-CARE OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS
Authors: ARTHUR T. LEGG
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The use of the respirator in the acute stage of infantile paralysis has saved the lives of many patients with respiratory involvement. Not only was the mortality of infantile paralysis with involvement of the muscles of respiration much greater before the invention of this machine, but many of those who survived died subsequently with some lung disease resulting from diminished aeration. In the after-care clinic of the Harvard Infantile Paralysis Commission, we have seen a considerable number of the patients who have survived this type of the disease and we have been impressed by the marked depression deformities that have developed in the chests of those who have not recovered the power of voluntary expansion of the chest. The exact type of the deformity depends on the location and extent of the paralysis of the muscles of respiration. It is fairly common to find breathing carried on by the diaphragm
The Treatment of Cor Pulmonale
Authors: James W. Wynne
Journal: JAMA (1978)

COR PULMONALE is broadly defined as alteration of the structure or function of the right ventricle as a result of disease or dysfunction of the lungs.<sup>1,2</sup>The constant feature of this disorder is pulmonary hypertension in response to which the right ventricle may dilate, hypertrophy, or subsequently fail. Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) is the most common cause of cor pulmonale, but it also may be seen with many other lung diseases, in persons with normal lung function residing at high altitudes, or as a result of hypoventilation, as in the syndromes of primary alveolar hypoventilation or sleep apnea. <h3>PATHOPHYSIOLOGY</h3> The modern approach to the therapy of cor pulmonale is based on extensive investigation into the mechanisms that cause pulmonary hypertension and into the physiological changes that accompany it. Several excellent reviews have summarized this wealth of information.<sup>1-3</sup>It is generally agreed that the most potent stimulus to
The Extracellular Matrix Molecule Hyaluronic Acid Regulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Modulating Postsynaptic L-Type Ca2+ Channels
Authors: Gaga Kochlamazashvili, Christian Henneberger, Olena Bukalo, Elena Dvoretskova, Oleg Senkov, Patricia M.-J. Lievens, Ruth Westenbroek, Andreas K. Engel, William A. Catterall, Dmitri A. Rusakov, Melitta Schachner, Alexander Dityatev
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Brief Report on the Use of Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analogs for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Metastatic Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Martina Sollini, Daniela Farioli, Armando Froio, Antonio Chella, Mattia Asti, Roberto Boni, Elisa Grassi, Massimo Roncali, Annibale Versari, Paola Anna Erba
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
547 Epidemiology and natural course of hepatitis C in Greece: Results of the nationwide HEPNET Greece cohort study
Authors: M. Rantonoulou, D. Tzoumakliotis, G. Nikolopoulou, A. Skoutelis, G. Dalekos, M. Dimopoulou, K. Angelidou, A. Avgerinos, G. Chatiis, S. Manolakopoulos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Cardiac Damage after Radiotherapy
Authors: R. Windsor
Journal: BMJ (1963)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Signal peptides are short amino acid segments present at the N-terminus of newly synthesized proteins that facilitate protein translocation into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, after which they are cleaved off. Specific regions of signal peptides influence the efficiency of protein translocation, and small changes in their primary structure can abolish protein secretion altogether. The lack of conserved motifs across signal peptides, sensitivity to mutations, and variability in the length of the peptides, make signal peptide prediction a challenging task that has been extensively pursued over the years. We introduce TSignal, a deep transformer-based neural network architecture that utilizes BERT language models (LMs) and dot-product attention techniques. TSignal predicts the presence of signal peptides (SPs) and the cleavage site between the SP and the translocated mature protein. We show improved accuracy in terms of cleavage site and SP presence prediction for most of the SP types and organism groups. We further illustrate that our fully data-driven trained model identifies useful biological information on heterogeneous test sequences.