tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ω-3 Lipid Infusion in a Heart Allotransplant Model
Authors: F. Grimminger, H. Grimm, D. Führer, C. Papavassilis, G. Lindemann, C. Blecher, K. Mayer, F. Tabesch, H.-J. Krämer, J. Stevens, W. Seeger
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background ω-3 Fatty acids may have a major impact on immune responses involved in heart transplant rejection. We compared the effects of posttransplant intravenous supplementation with ω-3–rich versus ω-6–rich lipid emulsions on graft survival, plasma fatty acid profiles, and levels of arachidonic acid versus eicosapentaenoic acid–derived lipid mediators. Methods and Results Inbred PVG and Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as donors and recipients, respectively, in a model of heterotopic heart transplantation. Animals received 9 g/kg body wt per day of either fish oil–derived (n=8) or soybean oil–derived fat (n=7) in the form of a continuously infused lipid emulsion; controls were sham-infused with saline (n=8). Graft rejection was assessed by loss of activity of the transplant. The fish oil–derived preparation but not that originating from soybean oil caused an increase in total and free plasma fatty acids. Substantial quantities of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid appeared in the free fatty acid fraction, surpassing those of arachidonic acid. Ex vivo stimulation of neutrophils with the Ca 2+ ionophore A23187 demonstrated an increase in 5-series leukotriene (LT) generation in animals undergoing ω-3 lipid infusion (LTB 5 , ω-oxidation products of LTB 5 , LTA 5 secretion), with 5-series/4-series LT ratios ranging between 0.08 and 0.36. Ratios of TX B 3 /B 2 liberated from ex vivo stimulated platelets even approached 1:1 in ω-3 supplemented rats. Graft survival was 7.6±0.3 (mean±SEM) days in saline-infused, 10.4±0.7 in ω-6 lipid–infused, and 12.9±0.4 in ω-3 lipid–infused animals. Conclusions Posttransplant intravenous alimentation with fish oil–derived lipid emulsions prolongs heart transplant survival in excess to ω-6 lipids. Profound changes in fatty acid profiles and lipid mediator generation may underlie this finding.
The Total Care of Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Julian T. Hoff
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This liberally illustrated, treatmentoriented volume describes the approach of American orthopedists and rehabilitation therapists to the management of spinal cord injury. Its 16 chapters discuss the course of management from the first few moments after injury through the subsequent years of therapy that are necessary to restore the patient to physical, vocational, and emotional well-being. Practicality is the theme of the book. Some chapters are excellent in outlining effective therapy that has been developed by experienced traumatologists over many years. Shannon Stauffer's chapter on "Long-Term Management of Traumatic Quadriplegia" is particularly worthwhile. The several chapters on occupational therapy, physical therapy, orthotics, and nursing care are also effectively presented. Certain aspects of spinal cord injury management receive surprisingly little attention in a book of this scope, however. Neurosurgeons who treat patients with spinal cord injury will find only a cursory discussion of the neurological syndromes that result from cord lesions. The
Transesophageal Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Compared with Sclerotherapy
Authors: Charles A. Owens
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 January 1998Transesophageal Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Compared with SclerotherapyCharles A. Owens, MDCharles A. Owens, MDUniversity of Illinois Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60612Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-1-199801010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:My colleagues and I were pleased to see the prospective studies by Sanyal [1] and Cello [2] and their colleagues comparing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts with endoscopic sclerotherapy for the control of variceal bleeding. We were disturbed, however, to see such a high incidence of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in the TIPS populations. In Sanyal and colleagues' group, 9 of the 39 patients who had a TIPS placed returned with variceal hemorrhage. Six of the 9 patients died of their variceal bleeding.We believe that a 23% rate of recurrent variceal bleeding within 1000 days after TIPS is ...References1. Sanyal AJ, Freedman AM, Luketic VA, Purdum PP 3d, Shiffman ML, Cole PE, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts compared with endoscopic sclerotherapy for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:849-57. Google Scholar2. Cello JP, Ring EJ, Olcott EW, Koch J, Gordon R, Sandhu J, et al. Endoscopic sclerotherapy compared with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt after initial sclerotherapy in patients with acute variceal hemorrhage. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:858-65. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Charles A. Owens, MDAffiliations: University of Illinois Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1998Volume 128, Issue 1Page: 71-72KeywordsDoppler imagingHemorrhageOutpatientsPopulation statisticsPortal hypertensionProspective studiesStenosisUltrasound imaging ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Elucidation of the EP defect in Diamond-Blackfan anemia by characterization and prospective isolation of human EPs
Authors: Deena Iskander, Bethan Psaila, Gareth Gerrard, Aristeidis Chaidos, Hui En Foong, Yvonne Harrington, Leena C. Karnik, Irene Roberts, Josu de la Fuente, Anastasios Karadimitris
Journal: Blood (2015)
Home blood glucose monitoring: a sticky artefact
Authors: A Forrest
Journal: BMJ (1981)

people with this high genetic risk of renal cell carcinoma may not confer any practical therapeutic advantage as only bilateral neph- rectomy would reduce the risk to zero.However, the diagnosis of this predisposition to renal cell carcinoma could be made in the fetus by cytogenetic analysis of amniotic cells, thus allowing decisions to be made concerning termination of the pregnancy and elimination of this chromosomal aberration and its consequences for the pedigree.
Open Access to Trials Register
Authors: Susanne McCabe
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Susanne McCabe I fi nd the arguments raised by the PLoS Medicine editors very useful [1] as I had not considered that a scientifi c community would tolerate barring access to registers of trials. It leaves huge gaps for exploitation by privileged groups. It is not only colleagues in research and allied professions who need access but the global community, including members of the public wherever they live, those who participate in trials and those who will be on the receiving end of their outcomes. The annual reports of research ethics committees (RECs) are supposedly in the public domain after approval by Strategic Health Authorities in the UK. But very few members of the public know of their existence or how to access them. Approaches to individual committees even now can meet with varied reactions, from suspicious, defensive, or hostile—reluctantly sending one report, quizzing as to which organisation the enquirer belongs to and why they should want one—to extremely welcoming of interest and discussion. The annual reports should be easily accessible online by now, surely, but they are not. The activities of RECs and information on what research is being carried out in the name of society as a whole largely remain hidden from public view. There is no information about public access on COREC (Central Offi ce for Research Ethics Committees; www.corec. org.uk) or OREC (Offi ce for Research Ethics Committees; www.orecni.org.uk). COREC has not been open about dealing with issues of concern raised with them in the past. They do state that public interest is welcome now, so it would show a real commitment to making research activity more open if they would show support for totally open access to a register and to promote that through their Web site.
Localization of the binding regions of a murine monoclonal anti-factor VIII antibody and a human anti-factor VIII alloantibody, both of which inhibit factor VIII procoagulant activity, to amino acid residues threonine351-serine365 of the factor VIII heavy chain.
Authors: P A Foster, C A Fulcher, R A Houghten, S de Graaf Mahoney, T S Zimmerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

We have localized the binding region of a previously described monoclonal anti-factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitory antibody (C5) to amino acid residues Thr351-Ser365 of the thrombin-generated 54-kD fragment of the heavy chain of FVIII. Synthetic FVIII peptides were examined for the ability to competitively inhibit the binding of C5 to FVIII in an ELISA system. The synthetic FVIII peptide Thr351-Ser365 blocked C5 binding to FVIII in a dose-dependent manner in this system. Two other synthetic FVIII peptides, Asn340-Glu354 and Glu342-Asp356, which partially overlapped Thr351-Ser365, also blocked C5 binding to FVIII. Blocking of C5 binding with these peptides, however, required much greater concentrations (greater than 100 times stronger) than that required for Thr351-Ser365. The Thr351-Ser365 peptide also neutralized the FVIII inhibitory activity of C5 in plasma. A human FVIII inhibitor (anti-FVIII heavy chain alloantibody) was also partially neutralized by Thr351-Ser365. Thr351-Ser365 lies between a thrombin cleavage site (Arg372) and an activated protein C cleavage site (Arg336) and may be at or near a region of functional importance in the expression of FVIII procoagulant activity.
Navigating Language Barriers under Difficult Circumstances
Authors: Yael Schenker, Bernard Lo, Katharine M. Ettinger, Alicia Fernandez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

The proportion of the U.S. population with limited English proficiency is growing. Physicians often find themselves caring for patients with limited English proficiency in settings with limited language services. There has been little exploration of the decisions physicians face when providing care across language barriers. The authors offer a conceptual framework to aid physicians in thinking through difficult choices about language services and provide responses to common questions encountered in the care of patients with limited English proficiency. Specifically, they describe 4 factors that should inform the decision to call an interpreter (the clinical situation, degree of language gap, available resources, and patient preference), discuss who may be an appropriate interpreter, and offer strategies for when a professional interpreter is not available. The authors use a hypothetical case to illustrate how decisions about language services may evolve over the course of an interaction. This conceptual and practical approach can help clinicians to improve the quality of care provided to patients with limited English proficiency.
Abstract 3427: The dinuclear platinum agent, BBR3610-DACH, exhibits a significant anti-proliferative effect: Regulation of G1/S and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction.
Authors: Vijay Menon, Erica Peterson, Sumitra Deb, Lawrence Povirk, Nicholas Farrell
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BBR3610-DACH, a long-chain, bifunctional dinuclear PTII complex with a similar DNA binding mode to the Phase II clinical drug, BBR3464 and its potent analogue, BBR3610, was shown previously to be resistant to metabolic decomposition by sulfur-containing nucleophiles. Initial observations utilizing the alkaline comet assay indicate that BBR3610-DACH forms interstrand crosslinks. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry showed that BBR3610-DACH inhibited cell proliferation and caused G1/S and G2/M cell cycle arrest in HCT116 colorectal cells in a time dependent manner accompanied with significant s phase depletion. Similar experiments with synchronized cells showed a distinct G1 phase arrest elicited by the drug following release from arrest. Immunoblotting revealed a stabilization of p53 between 6-24hr after treatment with 20μM (IC90) BBR3610-DACH, with a concomitant increased levels of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27. Cell proliferation assay using MTT and subsequent cell cycle studies with HCT116 p53-/- and HCT116 p21-/- indicated that the cytotoxicity profile of BBR3610-DACH was p21 dependent and partially dependent on the p53 status. However, no change was observed in the protein levels of cyclin E, CDK2, and CDC25A which are G1 phase regulators. Decrease in the levels of cyclin A and cyclin B1 at 24hrs suggested a G2/M block indicative of a possible mitotic catastrophe. Next, we examined whether the DNA damage sensor protein kinases, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3 related (ATR) had a role in the cell cycle regulation after drug treatment. Studies using the ATM inhibitor, KU-60019 and caffeine (inhibits both ATM and ATR) revealed no apparent role of ATM but a possible dependence on ATR. Following the cell cycle effects, BBR3610-DACH induced cell death as seen from cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) levels as early as 6hrs after drug treatment. Interestingly, no cleaved caspase 3 was seen suggesting a caspase-independent PARP cleavage. Together these findings suggest that BBR3610-DACH is a major cell cycle inhibitory DNA binding platinum agent that could be further developed as a major chemotherapeutic. Citation Format: Vijay Menon, Erica Peterson, Sumitra Deb, Lawrence Povirk, Nicholas Farrell. The dinuclear platinum agent, BBR3610-DACH, exhibits a significant anti-proliferative effect: Regulation of G1/S and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3427. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3427
IMPROVED ABRASIVE BALLOON FOR DIAGNOSIS OF GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: Frederick G. Panico
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The abrasive gastric balloon<sup>1</sup>technique has assumed a place in the diagnosis of gastric cancer because it secures many gastric cells in a good state of preservation. Because of the abrasive balloon test, lesions of the stomach are no longer inaccessible, and the diagnosis of these lesions becomes not only interesting but rapid and reliable. The purpose of this paper is to advance the procedure for general availability. <h3>APPARATUS</h3> The apparatus needed for the abrasive gastric balloon test is easily assembled. The balloon is a thin latex rubber condom 20 cm. long. The surface of the improved balloon is made abrasive by attaching with rubber cement 75 to 100 small, round, 3 mm. fragments of foamed latex rubber. The fragments of foamed latex rubber are arranged in a regular pattern 1 cm. apart. This balloon system has some advantages over that originally reported in that it is made entirely
Obituary: Dr. Gerald Loewi.
Authors: L E Glynn
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

He was born in Nuremberg in October 1922 and came to England with his parents in 1935, refugees from the already well established Nazi tyranny.Although he never admitted it, this up- rooting from his own country left a deep scar which received further aggravation when in 1940
Abstract C31: Downregulation of IL-12 through IL-6 production increased cancer metastasis after radiotherapy
Authors: Jinsil Seong, Eun Jung Lee, Keun Young Jeong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Radiotherapy (RT) is a potent antitumor modality. However, unwanted effect is also reported such as increased metastasis through complex molecular mechanism including cytokines. Cytokines are soluble messengers that directly stimulate immune cells and stromal cells at the tumor site and enhance cancer cells recognition by immune cells. Numerous studies have investigated that cytokines have anti-tumor efficacy for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated levels of 6 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α) in serum of before and after RT of HCC patients treated with RT and evaluate its significance in relation to clinical outcome. As a result, intrahepatic metastasis out of RT field increased in patients with IL-12 decreas after RT (p = 0.043). IL-12 is an inflammatory cytokine that induces interferon-γ production from Th1 and NK cells. IL-12 mainly produced from antigen presenting cells as dendritic cells (DCs) which against many tumors is probably the result of its stimulatory effects on cell mediated immune responses. Therefore, we investigated anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of mesenchymal stem cells expressing IL-12 (MSC/IL-12) treatment with ionizing radiation (IR) in murine hepatic cancer (HCa-1) model. Tumor bearing syngenic mice were treated with IR, MSC/IL-12 or combination of both. Combination of MSC/IL-12 and IR resulted in suppression of lung metastasis as well as significantly growth delay of Hca-1. Especially, expressions of CD4, CD8 and CD11C were increased in tumors of MSC/IL-12 and IR treated group compared with only IR. Also, to understand the detailed mechanism on anti-tumor effect of IL-12 in IR treated HCC, splenocyte were irradiated with 2, 5 Gy and measured IL-6 and IL-12 by ELISA after cultured. As results, IL-6 significantly increased by IR, while IL-12 increased at 1 day but it was decreased in dose dependent manner at 3days. These results indicated that IL-12 production could be mediated by IL-6 signaling. To prove that, DCs were irradiated with 5 and 10 Gy in presence or absence of LPS after differentiated from mice bone marrow and analyzed expressions of CD80 and 86 by FACS. The expression of CD80 and 86 decreased in irradiated-DCs comparing to no-irradiated DCs. Also, LPS-induced expressions of CD 80, 86 and IL-12 increased in α-IL-6 treated DCs compared with no-treated DCs. Taken together, diminishing IL-12 via IL-6 production by IR seems to increase the treatment failure after radiotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Citation Format: Jinsil Seong, Eun Jung Lee, Keun Young Jeong. Downregulation of IL-12 through IL-6 production increased cancer metastasis after radiotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C31.
Ode to the Submucosal Fluid Cushion
Authors: C. J. Gostout
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Having the opportunity to prepare an editorial for this journal is both a privilege and a challenge to wax philosophic and critical on a subject of intense but focal interest. This present opportunity not only fulfills these notions, but adds an ever so subtle element of incredulity over the subject of this editorial, the submucosal fluid cushion, or as I have fondly become accustomed to referring to it as the SFC. In this moment, as I am unleashed from my daily duties and sitting quietly in the still of the evening, my thoughts on the SFC could well be assembled as an ode to this subject. I should perhaps spare you the pain.
Increase by Anaphylatoxin C5a of glucose output in perfused rat liver via prostanoids derived from nonparenchymal cells: Direct action of prostaglandins and indirect action of thromboxane A2 on hepatocytes
Authors: Henrike L. Schieferdecker, Sabine Pestel, Gerhard P. Püschel, Otto Götze, Kurt Jungermann
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

In the perfused rat liver the anaphylatoxin C5a enhanced glucose output, reduced flow, and elevated prostanoid overflow. Because hepatocytes (HCs) do not express C5a receptors, the metabolic C5a actions must be indirect, mediated by e.g. prostanoids from Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which possess C5a receptors. Surprisingly, the metabolic C5a effects were not only impaired by the prostanoid synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, but also by the thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) receptor antagonist, daltroban, even though HCs do not express TXA(2) receptors. TXA(2) did not induce prostaglandin (PG) or an unknown factor release from KCs or sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), which express TXA(2) receptors, because (1) daltroban did neither influence the C5a-induced release of prostanoids from cultured KCs nor the C5a-dependent activation of glycogen phosphorylase in KC/HC cocultures and because (2) the TXA(2) analog, U46619, failed to stimulate prostanoid release from cultured KCs or SECs or to activate glycogen phosphorylase in KC/HC or SEC/HC cocultures. In the perfused liver, Ca(2+)-deprivation inhibited not only flow reduction but also glucose output elicited by C5a to similar extents as daltroban. Similarly, in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), flow reduction and glucose output induced by U46619 were almost completely prevented, whereas glucose output induced by the directly acting PGF(2alpha) was only slightly lowered. Thus, in the perfused rat liver PGs released after C5a-stimulation from KCs and HSCs directly activated glycogen phosphorylase in HCs, and TXA(2) enhanced glucose output indirectly mainly by causing hypoxia as a result of flow reduction.
A case of non-bacterial endocarditis due to Q fever
Authors: D. J. Woodgate, T. Feizi, R. G. Sommerville, P. J. Scheuer, J. R. McDonald
Journal: Thorax (1968)

A case of chronic Q fever is described, presenting as a problem of endocarditis of six years9 duration with negative blood cultures. The Q-fever endocarditis was superimposed on pre-existing rheumatic mitral valve disease. In spite of four months9 treatment with tetracycline the patient died of intractable cardiac failure. At necropsy, inclusion bodies were found in macrophages in the mitral valve, and an organism, probably a strain of <i>Rickettsia burneti,</i> was isolated from post-mortem material. A review of eight previously reported cases of chronic Q-fever endocarditis from this country has shown that in the majority of patients the diagnosis was made months or years after the onset of infection by this organism. With the exception of a case diagnosed after 10 months of illness and treated with tetracycline for eight weeks, these patients received either no specific treatment or a short course of tetracycline or chloramphenicol. It is suggested that the failure of antibiotic therapy in this and other reported cases may be, in part at least, due to a delay in diagnosis and in initiation of prolonged specific therapy.
Noninvasive Central Venous Pressure Measurement by Controlled Compression Sonography at the Forearm
Authors: Christoph Thalhammer, Markus Aschwanden, Angela Odermatt, Ulrich A. Baumann, Stephan Imfeld, Deniz Bilecen, Stephan C. Marsch, Kurt A. Jaeger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Is Remote Disease Associated With Candida Infection a Tomato?-Reply
Authors: William G. Crook
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  Dr Turner asked for the hidden truth in my assertions. Here it is. As pointed out by Edwards,1the observations of Iwata2and colleagues' show thatCandida albicansproduces both high- and low-molecular weight toxins. The Iwata studies also show that these toxins affect both the immune system and the nervous system.  Moreover, recent laboratory studies by Truss4on patients with a wide range of endocrine and immune system disorders reveal metabolic abnormalities, including disturbances in fatty acids and amino acids. Truss has also published clinical observations describing patients with depression and many other systemic and nervous system symptoms who improved with antifungal therapy.5  Rosenberg et al6and Crutcher et al7have also described the response— sometimes dramatic—of patients with psoriasis to oral nystatin, an agent that was expected to work only on yeasts in the gut lumen. And Rosenberg et al6