tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing Angina: Cardiac Symptoms Are the Same in Women and Men
Authors: Catherine Kreatsoulas, Harry S. Shannon, Mita Giacomini, James L. Velianou, Sonia S. Anand
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Comment.Most packaged food products do not include potassium content on the NFP.One might expect items with high levels of potassium to more often be labeled; however, categories where potassium information was most available had a wide range of potassium content, while some categories with expected high levels of potassium, such as canned whole tomatoes and canned beans, had low potassium information availability.The lack of potassium information on the NFP presents a problem for patients and consumers trying to make informed decisions when purchasing foods, particularly those motivated to minimize their risk of cardiovascular disease and those for whom potassium intake must be restricted.Lack of potassium information is also a problem for researchers and policy makers interested in understanding the overall and potassium-specific nutritional content of the packaged food supply. 8 The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, along with 35 health authorities and health organizations, has called for a publicly accessible, productspecific nutrition database of packaged food products. 9 The creation of such a database would allow for analyzing nutritional trends, which would inform recommendations to improve nutritional intake.While such a database is valuable with existing NFP information, its public health value would be enhanced if potassium information was consistently available.A limitation of this study is that the NSRI database was originally created to assess changes in sodium concentration; therefore, it includes a wide range of products, but only in food categories with significant potential for sodium reduction (eg, some desserts and beverages are not included).Also, only the top 80% of products sold within each category are represented in the analyses.The FDA is planning to revise the NFP, and potential improvements to its content and format are under consideration. 10The addition of potassium content and percent daily value to required NFP information could remedy the described deficit in publicly available nutrition information.Providing this important information to consumers, patients, and researchers would allow a more detailed understanding of the food supply, which would complement existing strategies to improve population nutritional intake.
Abstract 3068: Hedgehog signaling regulates drug sensitivity by targeting ABC transporters in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)
Authors: Yi Chen, Marcia Bieber, Neelima Bhat, Nelson N.H. Teng
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract A major challenge of successful chemotherapy in treatment of ovarian cancer is overcoming intrinsic or acquired multi-drug resistance caused mostly by the active efflux mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. The regulation of these transporters in ovarian cancer is poorly understood. Our research shows that in ovarian cancer, abnormal regulation of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is involved in regulation of ABC transporters. Hh is a known regulator of cancer cell proliferation and differentiation in several other types of invasive and metastatic malignancies. Our work on Gli1, a key Hh downstream signaling gene, has shown frequent activation of the Hh pathway in ovarian cancer. Inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway by inhibitors or Gli1 siRNA increases ABC gene expression levels and the response of ovarian cancer cells to certain chemotherapeutic drugs. The mechanism underlying is a direct association of Gli1 with a specific consensus sequence located in the promoter region of ABC genes. This study provides new information in the knowledge of ABC gene regulation and will contribute to generating new targets/markers to detect and anticipate ovarian cancer patient chemotherapy drug sensitivity which could lead to more effective treatments and improved survival. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3068. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3068
Evidence for Calpain-Mediated Androgen Receptor Cleavage as a Mechanism for Androgen Independence
Authors: Stephen J. Libertini, Clifford G. Tepper, Veronica Rodriguez, David M. Asmuth, Hsing-Jien Kung, Maria Mudryj
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Prostate carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the second leading cause of death due to cancer in Western civilization. Androgen ablation therapy is effective in treating androgen-dependent tumors, but eventually, androgen-independent tumors recur and are refractory to conventional chemotherapeutics. Hence, the emergence of androgen independence is the most challenging problem in managing prostate tumors. We report a novel mechanism of androgen independence: calpain cleaves the androgen receptor (AR) into an androgen-independent isoform. In vitro and in vivo analyses show that calpain removes the COOH-terminal ligand binding domain generating a constitutively active molecule. Analysis of human prostate tumors indicates that several tumors express higher levels of this truncated AR than noncancerous prostate tissue. In transient transfection studies, the truncated AR is three to five times more potent than the full-length receptor in transactivating transcription. The androgen-independent Rv1 cells express high levels of the truncated AR, and treatment of these cells with a calpain inhibitor reduces truncated AR expression. In the absence of androgen, inhibition of calpain activity induces apoptosis. The HIV protease inhibitor amprenavir inhibits calpain activity and is also effective in inducing apoptosis in the Rv1 cell line. The cell culture studies were reproduced in a mouse xenograft model, where, in the absence of androgens, amprenavir significantly reduces tumor growth. Together, these studies indicate that calpain-dependent proteolysis of the AR may be a mechanism of androgen independence. The calpain inhibition studies suggest that inhibiting this activity may be a potential treatment for some androgen-independent prostate tumors. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9001–5]
EVALUATION OF FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE(FDG) AS A GLUCOSE ANALOG IN MYOCARDIUM WITH 2-t-GLUCOSE
Authors: S C Huang, R C Marshal, W W Nash, J R Barrio, H R Schelbert, M E Phelps
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Huang, S C; Marshal, R C; Nash, W W; Barrio, J R; Schelbert, H R; Phelps, M E Author Information
Doubling of the Arterial Sounds in Patients with Pulsus Bisferiens
Authors: Jan Ciesielski
Journal: JAMA (1961)

When arterial sounds are recorded simultaneously with the electrocardiogram, it is possible to construct a calibrated contour of the arterial upstroke. By the use of this method, four patients with clinical diagnoses of aortic insufficiency and stenosis out of a series of 220 were found to have doubling of the arterial sounds at certain cuff-pressure levels. Intra-arterial pressure tracings showed a notching on the upstroke; each of the two arterial sounds was related to the two separate upstrokes.
Health Insurance and Psychiatric Care: Update and Appraisal
Authors: Manuel P. Pardo
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Insurance funding of psychiatric services in this country was first comprehensively reviewed in 1972 with the publication of<i>Health Insurance and Psychiatric Care: Utilization and Cost</i>. This work, commissioned by the American Psychiatric Association, served as an eye opener. It came at a time when the importance of cost/benefit and cost/effectiveness ratios was well known to the business world but was not yet of concern to most practicing psychiatrists. This publication raised awareness that the funding of psychiatric services in this country was undergoing tremendous transformation. The sequel,<i>Health Insurance and Psychiatric Care: Update and Appraisal</i>, also published by the American Psychiatric Association, is long overdue. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 introduces the issues and discusses insurance underwriting and psychiatric practice and cost stability and effectiveness, including the accumulating evidence, the accountability of psychiatric care, fairness and equity for psychiatric care, emerging trends in health insurance,
Variables Affecting Measurement of Prothrombin Time
Authors: SAMUEL CHARACHE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1982Variables Affecting Measurement of Prothrombin TimeSAMUEL CHARACHE, M.D., M. EULALIA HARBAUGH, M.T.SAMUEL CHARACHE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. EULALIA HARBAUGH, M.T.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-3-378_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We were surprised at the letter from Palmer and associates (1) reporting that storage of blood at 4 °C in commercial siliconized borosilicate tubes led to significant shortening of the prothrombin time in patients receiving warfarin sodium. Because storage artifacts would add one more hazard to an already difficult situation, we repeated their experiment.Blood from four patients, three of them receiving warfarin, was stored at either 4 C or 23 °C in partially siliconized glass Vacutainer tubes (Becton Dickinson #6464, Sharon, Massachusetts; 3.2% buffered citrate), and then tested at 1-hour intervals in a Lancer Coagulizer II...Reference1. PALMER R, KESSLER C, and GRALNICK H. Misinterpretation of prothrombin time in warfarin anticoagulation. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:393-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: SAMUEL CHARACHE, M.D.; M. EULALIA HARBAUGH, M.T.Affiliations: The Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, MD 21205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1982Volume 96, Issue 3Page: 378-378KeywordsBloodProthrombin timeSodiumVacutainer ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS FROM PRIMARY LESION
Authors: J. B. H. Waring
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the method described by Dr. William D. Gill inThe Journal, September 16, in which serum from the primary lesion is obtained by slight suction obtained from an improvised suction syringe: Serum for dark field spirochetal search may be obtained in a still simpler manner by placing over the lesion any of the ordinary suction tubes, such as those of Hays, Hurd, McQuaid or Waring, connected to a suction pump with mild suction; or if these tubes are unavailable, an efficient suction tube for this purpose may be improvised from the barrel of an ordinary diphtheria antitoxin syringe, inverted and connected to a suction pump by rubber tubing. No new instrument is necessary in this way, and appropriate sized suction tubes are adaptable to nearly all types of lesions, and in situations in which the apparatus suggested by Dr. Gill is difficult or impossible of
Abstract 108: Ethnic Differences among Middle Eastern Arab and South Asian Patients Hospitalized With Acute Coronary Syndromes Complicated by In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A 20-Year Experience From a Middle-Eastern Country (1991-2010)
Authors: Amar M Salam, Hajar AlBinali, Rajvir Singh, Awad Al-Qahtani, Jassim Al Suwaidi
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: Data is lacking about ethnic differences in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) complicating acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, clinical c...
MIR–133A REGULATES EXPRESSION OF INSULIN–LIKE GROWTH FACTOR–1 RECEPTOR AND SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL GROWTH PARTLY BY TARGETING GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE 1–ASSOCIATING PROTEIN
Authors: Song Gao, Michael Wassler, Yangxin Li, Lulu Zhang, Harnath Shelat, Yong–Jian Geng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Pathways of glutamine and organic acid metabolism in renal cortex in chronic metabolic acidosis
Authors: David P. Simpson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The metabolism of labeled glutamine and of several labeled organic acid anions was compared in tissue slices of renal cortex from chronically acidotic and alkalotic littermate dogs. (15)NH(3) formation and (15)N-amideglutamine utilization were significantly increased by slices from acidotic animals providing further evidence for the similarity of the metabolic responses seen in the tissue slice system and the physiologic effects produced by chronic metabolic acidosis on renal metabolism in the intact animal. Slices from acidotic dogs formed more (14)CO(2) and glucose-(14)C than did slices from alkalotic animals when labeled glutamine, citrate, or malate was used as substrate but (14)CO(2) production from pyruvate-1-(14)C was slightly reduced in acidotic tissue. With most of the substrates used glucose-(14)C formation was small compared with (14)CO(2) formation. Using the amount of glucose-(14)C formed, the expected (14)CO(2) production was calculated based on the hypothesis that the primary site of action of metabolic acidosis is on a cytoplasmic step in gluconeogenesis. The actual difference in (14)CO(2) production between slices from acidotic and alkalotic animals always greatly exceeded this predicted amount, indicating that stimulation of gluconeogenesis represents a minor metabolic response to chronic metabolic acidosis. Evidence from experiments with citrate labeled in various positions showed that metabolic acidosis has its principal effect on an early step in substrate metabolism which must be intramitochondrial in location.
Manpower Problems in the Delivery of Primary Medical Care
Authors: Joseph L. Dorsey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Boston has one of the highest concentrations of physicians in the world. Despite this abundance of physician manpower, residents of Metropolitan Boston, and especially residents of its lower-income areas, face an increasingly critical shortage of primary-care physicians. Between 1940 and 1961, the supply of general practitioners in Boston and Brookline fell 50 per cent, from 132.3 per 100,000 population to 67.0 per 100,000.1 During the same 21-year period, the number of internists, pediatricians and obstetricians in Boston and Brookline with office addresses outside hospitals increased from 34.6 to 50.8 per 100,000 population, thereby replacing only 25 per cent of the . . .
Scientific Medicine and Therapeutic Choice
Authors: Albert R. Jonsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Three years ago, this journal published a widely noted article, "Iatrogenic Problems in End-Stage Renal Failure," by Chad H. Calland, M.D. Dr. Calland related his own experience of chronic renal failure, dialysis and five kidney transplants. "As physician-partaker," he wrote, "I am distressed by the controversial dialogue that separates the nephrologist from the transplant surgeon so that, in the end, it is the patient who is given short shrift."1 Calland's case is a paradigm of the problems created by the advances of biomedical technology. Despite the concern expressed over these problems in recent years, the ethical and social problems attendant . . .
Personality Disorders: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The term "personality disorders" covers a wide range of conditions, practically all the subject of disagreement. In fact, there is even disagreement as to whether they are a proper subject of medical attention. Are the drunkards, the sex deviants, the chronically belligerent, the drug addicts, in need of punishment, therapy, or neglect? Are the compulsively neat, the chronic worriers, the self-effacing martyrs deserving of praise or treatment? Perhaps the one area of agreement is that most people with personality disorders are difficult to treat and usually do not want to be treated, but their relatives and the community demand that something be done. Psychiatrists, mainly from medical school faculties, wrote 24 contributions about the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of many different types of personality problems. Nearly all the studies include a careful review of the relevant literature and a useful bibliography. Some report the author's particular experience. Kalogerakis describes the
Tc-99m Depreotide SPECT/CT Depicts Myocardial Involvement in a Case of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Tryfon Spiridonidis, Nikolaos Patsouras, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Argiris Symeonidis, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

We report a case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) with cardiac involvement, imaged with Tc-99m depreotide. A 56-year-old man presented with fever, hematuria, and chest pain. Laboratory findings (angiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and uremia) were suggestive of TTP. Cardiac enzymes were elevated and diffuse left ventricular hypokinesis was demonstrated by echocardiography. Serum rheumatologic and virologic analysis were negative. A Tc-99m depreotide SPECT/CT study showed diffuse uptake in the myocardium, indicating inflammatory reaction to thrombotic/hemorrhagic myocardial damage. We suggest that Tc-99m depreotide imaging may reveal myocardial involvement in TTP; this could prompt further investigation for potential applications in myocarditis of other etiologies.
Th polyagglutination with fatal outcome in a patient with massive intravascular hemolysis and perforated tumor of colon
Authors: N. A. Levene, E. Sigler, A. Berrebi, H. Merhav, C. Levene, K. Gekker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Polyagglutination is a rare disorder which has been associated with intravascular hemolysis (Levene et al.: Transfus Med Rev 2:176-185, 1988). In this condition cryptantigens exposed on the red blood cell membrane agglutinate with compatible sera and with lectins. A 76 year-old man with an acute abdomen due to a perforated tumor of the colon and severe fatal intravascular hemolysis is described. Th polyagglutination of the red blood cells was found.
Prospective evaluation of fluorouracil chemotherapy based on the genetic makeup of colorectal cancer
Authors: J M Carethers
Journal: Gut (2006)

Evaluation of 5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy and survival, based on mismatch repair (MMR) status, indicates that patients with MMR proficient colorectal tumours benefit from 5‐fluorouracil treatment while patients with MMR deficient tumours do not
Rules of Recruitment for Th1 and Th2 Lymphocytes in Inflamed Liver: A Role for Alpha-4 Integrin and Vascular Adhesion Protein-1
Authors: Claudine S. Bonder, M. Ursula Norman, Mark G. Swain, Lori D. Zbytnuik, Jun Yamanouchi, Pere Santamaria, Maureen Ajuebor, Marko Salmi, Sirpa Jalkanen, Paul Kubes
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Absorption From the Intestine
Authors: E. Clinton Texter
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Books are written for various reasons and usually for a particular audience. Although Wiseman'sAbsorption From the Intestinewas undoubtedly a labor of love, neither its focus nor its purpose is made clear. The author, a pioneer in the use of the everted intestinal sac technique, has made basic contributions to the study of intestinal absorption. During the four- to five-year period required to complete the book, Wiseman indicates that over 5,000 papers on absorption or allied topics were read. Of these, 1,854 have been chosen for the reader's consideration. The 314 illustrations were obtained mainly from other publications.  This effort, coupled with the stature of Wiseman in this burgeoning field of investigation, would lead one to expect an excellent book. Although the book is attractively bound, the contents are a disappointment. A wealth of information is furnished, albeit in a poorly organized and integrated fashion. Chapters are devoted to
Complete heart block in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M Ahern, J V Lever, J Cosh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

We report 8 cases of complete heart block (CHB) occurring in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and review 20 similar patients previously reported. Complete heart block occurs generally in patients with established erosive nodular rheumatoid disease. It usually appears to be sudden and permanent, but progression from minor conduction delays is not uncommon. The characteristic histopathological finding is a rheumatoid granuloma in or near the AV node or bundle of His. If syncope or Stokes-Adams attacks occur, the treatment of choice is the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. The prognosis is good provided no other cardiac lesions occur, whether pericardial, valvular, or myocardial.
The Philadelphia Meeting.
Authors: H. B. Young
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Burlington, Iowa, Feb 13, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The communication of Dr. H. A. Hare in theJournalof this date should, it seems to me, suggest to the Committee on Transportation the importance of getting a longer time limit for the return tickets of those attending the Philadelphia meeting. Let us have at least a fifteen day ticket, even if we have to pay relatively more for it. Truly yours,
Family doctors and change in practice strategy since 1986
Authors: B. Leese, N. Bosanquet
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To investigate the changes in practice strategy that have taken place since 1986. <b>Design</b>: Comparison of practices in 1986 and 1992. <b>Setting</b>: 93% of group practices (26 practices) in a single family health services authority. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Changes in staffing, premises, equipment, clinic services, and incomes between 1986 and 1992. <b>Results</b>: In 1986, 28% of practices employed a nurse; in 1992, 92% did so. Between 1986 and 1992, 14 cost-rent schemes costing more than £10000 had been started. Certain practices, designated innovators, were more likely to possess specified items of equipment than other practices. Computer ownership was widespread: 77% of practices had a computer, compared with 36% in 1986. In 1992, 16 practices had a manager, compared with 10 in 1986. Clinic services provided by more than half of practices were well established services (antenatal, for example), new services for which a payment had been introduced (such as diabetes, asthma, minor surgery), or the more readily provided "new" clinic services (diet, smoking cessation). Gross income increased, but so did practice costs, especially for innovators. Practices in the more affluent area of the family health services authority were still more likely to invest in their premises and staff, and to provide more services than those in the declining area. In the more affluent area, practices had higher costs but also higher incomes. <b>Conclusion</b>: Between 1986 and 1992, practices in this area invested heavily in equipment and services, but differences remain, depending on the location of the practice. Investment has increased, particularly in the more deprived part of the area, so that the inconsistency in standards has been much reduced. Practice incomes have risen, but so also have workload and costs.