tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measurement of transfer factor during constant exhalation.
Authors: A F Wilson, J Hearne, M Brenner, R Alfonso
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--Transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO) was measured by a new method based on analysis of the ratio of the concentrations of carbon monoxide to an inert gas (methane) relative to lung volume during a constant exhalation. Since this new technique is based solely upon exhalation, anomalies associated with inspiration and breath holding do not affect results. Additionally, because prolonged breath holding is not required, measurements can readily be made in dyspnoeic patients. METHODS--Exhalation TLCO (TLCO,ex) was compared with the standard (Jones and Meade) 10 second breath holding TLCO (TLCO,bh) in 100 consecutive patients. Patients did not practise the exhalation manoeuvre prior to testing. RESULTS--The comparative results were very close; mean difference (bias) +/- standard deviation (precision) was 0.05 (0.84) mmol/min/kPa. The relation was equally strong in patients with severe pulmonary disease; for patients with FEV1 &lt; 1.51 the mean difference was 0.21 (0.80) mmol/min/kPa. CONCLUSIONS--Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques, it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation. Constant exhalation may therefore be a useful alternative to the breath holding technique for clinical measurement of TLCO.
Disruption of the Cerebellum Following Lumbar Puncture
Authors: Robert R. Eggen, Dominic A. DeSanto
Journal: JAMA (1963)

AMONG THE MAJOR HAZARDS in the performance of a lumbar puncture is an increase in the intracranial pressure. Such increases in pressure encourage downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils and their herniation into the foramen magnum. Consequent compression of the medulla against the bony rim of the foramen magnum produces bulbar symptoms and eventual respiratory or cardiac arrest.<sup>1</sup>This complication can be exaggerated by removing even small amounts of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during lumbar puncture. This case report illustrates the vigor with which such downward displacements may occur and reemphasizes the need for extreme caution in the performance of lumbar puncture whenever an increased intracranial pressure is present. We have been unable to find actual disruption of cerebellar substance reported as a complication of lumbar puncture. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 2-yr-old male was admitted to the emergency room of Mercy Hospital on Sept 7, 1961, at 12:40 pm,
Chronic Prostatitis and the Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome
Authors: Anthony J. Schaeffer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 38-year-old man reports pelvic pain, dysuria, and urinary urgency for the past 4 weeks. He has had several similar episodes over the past 2 years; urine cultures were not performed. He is sexually active and reports frequent discomfort after ejaculation. He is otherwise healthy and takes no medication. He has no fever, chills, or flank pain. How should he be evaluated and treated?
SEROLOGIC DEMONSTRATION OF DUAL SPECIFICITY OF RABBIT BIVALENT HYBRID ANTIBODY
Authors: H. H. Fudenberg, Genevieve Drews, A. Nisonoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Hybrid, bivalent antibody molecules bearing specific combining sites for both ovalbumin and bovine gamma globulin were produced by reoxidation of a mixture of the 3.5S fragments of the two specifically purified antibodies. The dual specificity and the properties of the hybrid antibody were demonstrated by mixed agglutination and two stage agglutination experiments, and by test systems utilizing inhibition of agglutination or dispersal of agglutinates followed by antiglobulin reactions.
Safety and efficacy of a new transpulmonary ultrasound contrast agent: Initial multicenter clinical results
Authors: Steven B. Feinstein, Jorge Cheirif, Folkert J. Ten Cate, Paul R. Silverman, Paul A. Heidenreich, Candace Dick, Ranley M. Desir, William F. Armstrong, Miguel A. Quinones, Pravin M. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
New regular report will monitor global health issues
Authors: Vittal Katikireddi
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A new regular report will monitor important global health issues and the actions of international health institutions, a coalition of three global health networks announced last week.

The scheme to produce the reports, called Global Health Watch , is being coordinated by the People's Health Movement, the Global Equity Gauge Alliance, and Medact, all non-profit organisations working to improve health across the world. The scheme will recruit authors and organisations from developed and developing countries to write the reports, which are planned to be published every two years. The first is due in May 2005. The reports …
Effect of Glucose on Appearance of Plasma-Clotting Accelerator Activity, Lactescence, and Plasma Lipids in Fat-Fed Dogs
Authors: JOHN H. TILDEN, R. E. SHIPLEY
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

The influence of glucose, given orally and intravenously, on the acceleration of plasma clotting and appearance of lipemia following the feeding of peanut oil was determined in dogs. Oral glucose blocked or masked the appearance of plasma lactescence and clotting accelerator activity, whereas intravenous administration tended to delay their appearance. In other experiments heparin abolished or reduced plasma lactescence without modifying clotting accelerator activity induced by fat feeding.
An Integrated In Vitro and In Vivo High-Throughput Screen Identifies Treatment Leads for Ependymoma
Authors: Jennifer M. Atkinson, Anang A. Shelat, Angel Montero Carcaboso, Tanya A. Kranenburg, Leggy A. Arnold, Nidal Boulos, Karen Wright, Robert A. Johnson, Helen Poppleton, Kumarasamypet M. Mohankumar, Clementine Féau, Timothy Phoenix, Paul Gibson, Liqin Zhu, Yiai Tong, Chris Eden, David W. Ellison, Waldemar Priebe, Dimpy Koul, W. K. Alfred Yung, Amar Gajjar, Clinton F. Stewart, R. Kiplin Guy, Richard J. Gilbertson
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Survival of patients with colorectal cancer complicating ulcerative colitis.
Authors: S N Gyde, P Prior, H Thompson, J A Waterhouse, R N Allan
Journal: Gut (1984)

The crude five year survival of patients with colorectal cancer complicating ulcerative colitis in a large series of patients under long term review has, for the first time, been compared with the survival of patients with colorectal cancer in the general population (West Midlands region) from which the colitic patients were drawn. Thirty five cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in 676 patients with ulcerative colitis between 1944 and 1976. An actuarial five year survival curve was computed for the colitic and non-colitic patients with colorectal cancer. In ulcerative colitis patients with cancer the five year survival was 33.5% (range 16.9-50.1%) compared with 32.6% (28.2-37.0%) in the non-colitic cancer patients drawn from the relevant general population. Overall the prognosis is much better than earlier reports suggest. It is perhaps disappointing that in a closely monitored group the outcome is only as good as that in the general population. Surveillance programmes should improve the outcome in those patients with ulcerative colitis who accept the need for regular review.
Early intervention aids vision-impaired infants
Authors: Helene Cole
Journal: JAMA (1985)

High-concentration oxygen therapy for premature neonates may be lifesaving, but also may predispose the infant to the development of retrolental fibroplasia a Washington, D.C., seminar was told.  From a low incidence of 300 reported cases per year in the late 1950s (when the association of the disease with high-dose oxygen first was recognized and lower oxygen concentrations were advocated), this disease has become a significant morbid consequence of aggressive neonatal intensive care (infants especially at risk are those weighing less than 1,000 gm at birth) with more than 4,000 cases per year being reported.  These data are according to Robert Machemer, MD, professor and chair, Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.  Although potentially a cause of total blindness, many cases of retrolental fibroplasia do regress, leaving the patient with some visual acuity. For those children with significant retinal detachment occurring under the force of the contracting
Dendritic Cells From X-Linked Hyper-IgM Patients Present Impaired Responses to Candida Albicans and Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis That Can Be Reversed by Exogenous Soluble CD40L
Authors: Otavio C. Marques, Christina Arslanian, Rodrigo N. Ramos, Mariana M. Marques, Lena F. Schimke, Paulo V.S. Pereira, Sonia Jancar, Janaira F.S. Ferreira, Cristina W. Weber, Gisele Kuntze, Nelson Augusto Rosario-Filho, Beatriz C. Carvalho, Patrícia C. Bergami-Santos, Mary J. Hackett, Hans D. Ochs, Troy R. Torgerson, José Alexandre M. Barbuto, Antonio Condino-Neto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Emesis as a Critical Problem in Chemotherapy
Authors: John Laszlo, Virgil S. Lucas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

The achievements in cancer chemotherapy have been remarkable since World War II, when the modern era of antimetabolites and cytotoxic agents began. Although the rate of progress has been uneven, this is perhaps not surprising, given the lack of a unifying biochemical target for all cancers and the resulting need to test new drugs, singly or in combination, against many different tumor types. Clinical success, moreover, depends not only on finding drugs that are effective against specific cancers but also on finding ways to minimize their toxic side effects and thereby improve the therapeutic ratio. It is hardly an exaggeration . . .
Impaired S-Phase Arrest in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells with a FLT3 Internal Tandem Duplication Treated with Clofarabine
Authors: Claire Seedhouse, Martin Grundy, Shili Shang, John Ronan, Heather Pimblett, Nigel Russell, Monica Pallis
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Acute myeloid leukemia cells with an internal tandem duplication mutation of FLT3 (FLT3-ITD) have effective DNA repair mechanisms on exposure to drugs. Despite this, the phenotype is not associated with primary resistant disease. We show defects in the response of mutant FLT3 AML cells to the S-phase drug clofarabine that could account for the apparent contradiction.We studied responses of AML cells to clofarabine in vitro.When treated with a short pulse of clofarabine, FLT3-ITD-harboring MOLM-13 and MV4.11 cells undergo similar damage levels (gammaH2AX foci) to wild-type cells but have a better repair capability than wild-type cells. However, whereas the wild-type cells undergo rapid S-phase arrest, the S-phase checkpoint fails in mutant cells. Cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage in S phase is effected via loss of the transcriptional regulator cdc25A. This loss is reduced or absent in clofarabine-treated FLT3 mutant cells. Furthermore, cdc25A message levels are maintained by the FLT3-ITD, such that message is reduced by 87.5% on exposure to FLT3 small interfering RNA. Primary FLT3-ITD samples from untreated patients also display impaired cell cycle arrest and show enhanced sensitivity on prolonged treatment with clofarabine compared with wild-type samples.There is a reversal of phenotype in mutant FLT3 cells dependent on the length of exposure to clofarabine. Efficient DNA repair may render the cells resistant to a short pulse of the drug, but a failure of cell cycle checkpoint(s) in S phase renders the cells sensitive to prolonged exposure.
Probiotics for Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea—Reply
Authors: Susanne Hempel, Jeremy N. V. Miles, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cimetidine suspension as adjuvant to energy restricted diet in treating obesity.
Authors: M H Rasmussen, T Andersen, L Breum, P C Gotzsche, J Hilsted
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To study the effect of cimetidine suspension compared with placebo suspension on weight loss in moderately obese patients taking a 5 MJ/day diet supplemented with dietary fibre. To determine the relation between the effectiveness of the blinding and weight loss. DESIGN--Randomised double blind study with an eight week parallel group phase and a subsequent eight week crossover or continuation phase. SETTING--Outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS--60 patients (51 women) aged 18-60. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Weight loss. RESULTS--After eight weeks of treatment the mean weight loss in the cimetidine group (5.7 kg) was similar to that of the placebo group (5.9 kg; p = 0.78, 95% confidence interval -2.0 to 1.5 kg). Body mass index, waist and hip measurements, waist-hip ratio, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased similarly in the two groups. No association was found between weight loss and the patients9 ability to guess if they were being given drug or placebo. Correct guesses of current drug were more prevalent than expected by chance (25/37 correct, p = 0.05 for the parallel group phase; 26/30, p = 0.0001 for the crossover phase). CONCLUSIONS--Cimetidine had no effect on weight loss in moderately obese patients. The study underlines the potential problem that blinding of patients to treatment can be compromised.
Prevalence of 52-kd and 60-kd Ro/SS-A autoantibodies in Japanese patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Authors: Masahide Kubo, Hironobu Ihn, Yoshihide Asano, Kenichi Yamane, Norihito Yazawa, Kunihiko Tamaki
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2002)
Kinetics of cell infiltration and cytokine messenger RNA expression after intradermal challenge with allergen and tuberculin in the same atopic individuals
Authors: Anne Tsicopoulos, Qutayba Hamid, Angela Haczku, Mikila R. Jacobson, Stephen R. Durham, Janet North, Julia Barkans, Christopher J. Corrigan, Qiu Meng, Redwan Moqbel, A. Barry Kay
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1994)
The neuroendocrine system, an opportunity for immunotoxicologists.
Authors: C A Snyder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The interrelationship between the neuroendocrine and immune systems was first recognized over 50 years ago. Subsequent investigations have shown that gene products produced by the neuroendocrine system affect the activities of immunologically competent cells. More recent data show that cells of the two systems possess receptors that are identical. Because of these strong interrelationships, it is postulated that compounds that affect the neuroendocrine system will also affect the immune system. It follows that the readily accessible cells of the immune system can be used as surrogates for the less accessible cells of the neuroendocrine system. Moreover, the assays typically used by immunotoxicologists could provide quantitative information regarding dose response, persistence of effects, and surveillance of the extent of exposure for compounds known to be neurotoxicants. Thus, much useful information could be acquired by applying the technique of immunotoxicology to the study of neurotoxicants.
687 AN INCREASED T-CELL REGULATORY ACTIVITY IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C CORRELATES WITH NORMAL TRANSAMINASES, BUT ALSO WITH ADVANCED LIVER DISEASE
Authors: S. Ferri, C. Lalanne, R. Menichella, M. Bassi, C. De Molo, G. Pappas, C. Quarneti, P. Muratori, A.R. Belardinelli, F.B. Bianchi, M. Lenzi, L. Muratori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
NKp44, A Triggering Receptor Involved in Tumor Cell Lysis by Activated Human Natural Killer Cells, Is a Novel Member of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily
Authors: Claudia Cantoni, Cristina Bottino, Massimo Vitale, Anna Pessino, Raffaella Augugliaro, Angela Malaspina, Silvia Parolini, Lorenzo Moretta, Alessandro Moretta, Roberto Biassoni
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Surface receptors involved in natural killer (NK) cell triggering during the process of tumor cell lysis have recently been identified. Of these receptors, NKp44 is selectively expressed by IL-2– activated NK cells and may contribute to the increased efficiency of activated NK cells to mediate tumor cell lysis. Here we describe the molecular cloning of NKp44. Analysis of the cloned cDNA indicated that NKp44 is a novel transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Immunoglobulin superfamily characterized by a single extracellular V-type domain. The charged amino acid lysine in the transmembrane region may be involved in the association of NKp44 with the signal transducing molecule killer activating receptor–associated polypeptide (KARAP)/DAP12. These molecules were found to be crucial for the surface expression of NKp44. In agreement with data of NKp44 surface expression, the NKp44 transcripts were strictly confined to activated NK cells and to a minor subset of TCR-γ/δ+ T lymphocytes. Unlike genes coding for other receptors involved in NK cell triggering or inhibition, the NKp44 gene is on human chromosome 6.
Right ventricular growth in a case of pulmonic stenosis with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic right ventricle.
Authors: P S Rao, J Liebman, G Borkat
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Adequate growth of the hypoplastic right ventricle in a patient with severe pulmonary stenosis with an intact ventricular septum was documented after pulmonary valvotomy in infancy. It is postulated that the growth of the ventricular chamber is largely the result of pulmonary regurgitation resulting from successful pulmonary valvotomy. Based on this and the observations of others on the growth of the hypoplastic right ventricle in pulmonary atresia (with intact septum) cases, an organized approach to eventual total surgical correction is recommended.
Pelvic Mass After Prostatectomy
Authors: Areg Grigorian, Ann M. Ponsford Tipps, Ithaar H. Derweesh, Sarah G. Boles, Jason K. Sicklick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
HEALTH OF SHARECROPPERS
Authors: John W. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The two serious diseases which were found prevalent in the -histories of the Negro sharecroppers were gonorrhea and malaria. All these subjects had been under medical care and, as far as one could determine, had been cured. That they had been adequately treated and had recovered is not deplorable. Two subjects showed positive Wassermann reactions, and 1 of these was not a sharecropper. However, accepting the figure of 8 per cent, Roberts and Williams (<i>South. M. J.</i><b>30</b>:458 [May] 1937) report an incidence of 11.7 per cent in the white population of Gibson County in Tennessee, and Usilton (<i>Ven. Dis. Inform.</i><b>16</b>:147 [May] 1935) estimates that 8 per cent of males from 20 to 30 years of age contract syphilis. I cannot regret the fact that the figure for the Negroes is, if anything, lower than that for the white population. That the cardiac and respiratory signs found on clinical
William Anthony Jerrett
Authors: Andrew Duffin-Jones, Sally Connellan née Jerrett
Journal: BMJ (2007)

William Anthony Jerrett (“Bill”) was born and educated in Cardiff. He was a keen sportsman in cricket and rugby, both in school and while a medical student at the Welsh National School of Medicine, Cardiff. He qualified in 1958.

After house jobs, he did national service in the Royal Army Medical Corps, serving in Libya and Cyprus. He entered general practice in Pontyclun, Mid-Glamorgan, in 1964, where he worked without a day's absence through illness until he retired in 1994.

While …
Regular <i>vs</i> prn nebulized treatment in wheeze preschool children
Authors: A. Papi, G. Nicolini, E. Baraldi, A. L. Boner, R. Cutrera, G. A. Rossi, L. M. Fabbri
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Background: International guidelines recommend regular treatment with inhaled glucocorticoids for children with frequent wheezing; however, prn inhaled bronchodilator alone or in combination with glucocorticoid is also often used in practice. We aimed to evaluate whether regular nebulized glucocorticoid plus a prn bronchodilator or a prn nebulized bronchodilator/glucocorticoid combination is more effective than prn bronchodilator alone in preschool children with frequent wheeze. Methods: Double‐blind, double‐dummy, randomized, parallel‐group trial. After a 2‐week run‐in period, 276 symptomatic children with frequent wheeze, aged 1–4 years, were randomly assigned to three groups for a 3‐month nebulized treatment: (1) 400 μg beclomethasone bid plus 2500 μg salbutamol prn; (2) placebo bid plus 800 μg beclomethasone/1600 μg salbutamol combination prn; (3) placebo bid plus 2500 μg salbutamol prn. The percentage of symptom‐free days was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included symptom scores, use of relief medication and exacerbation frequency. Results: As compared with prn salbutamol (61.0 ± 24.83 [SD]), the percentage of symptom‐free days was higher with regular beclomethasone (69.6%, SD 20.89; P = 0.034) but not with prn combination (64.9%, SD 24.74). Results were no different in children with or without risk factors for developing persistent asthma. The effect of prn combination was no different from that of regular beclomethasone on the primary and on several important secondary outcomes. Conclusions: Regular inhaled glucocorticoid is the most effective treatment for frequent wheezing in preschool children. However, prn bronchodilator/glucocorticoid combination might be an alternative option, but it requires further study.