tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spinal Anesthesia With The Patient Supine
Authors: Alon P. Winnie
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  I welcome the opportunity to answer Dr. Root's disagreement with the conclusion of my article regarding the impact of the supine spinal technique on mortality. He states that I have not demonstrated to his satisfaction that hypotension after spinal anesthesia is likely to be related to the subsequent mortality in hip surgery for the elderly patient. As was pointed out in my article, Lorhan and Merriam, 1 in their analysis of 716 spinal anesthetics, had already established intraoperative hypotension as being the single most important determinant of mortality. Furthermore they concluded from their data that while spinal anesthesia is excellent for elderly and poor-risk patients, including advanced cardiac and hypertensive patients, when severe hypotension develops in the elderly patient, even for a short period, permanent damage is done to the vascular system in almost 50% of cases.  Dr. Root also is not satisfied that the groups of
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Singly and Combined With Medication, for Persistent Insomnia
Authors: Charles M. Morin, Annie Vallières, Bernard Guay, Hans Ivers, Josée Savard, Chantal Mérette, Célyne Bastien, Lucie Baillargeon
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and hypnotic medications are efficacious for short-term treatment of insomnia, but few patients achieve complete remission with any single treatment. It is unclear whether combined or maintenance therapies would enhance outcome.To evaluate the added value of medication over CBT alone for acute treatment of insomnia and the effects of maintenance therapies on long-term outcome.Prospective, randomized controlled trial involving 2-stage therapy for 160 adults with persistent insomnia treated at a university hospital sleep center in Canada between January 2002 and April 2005.Participants received CBT alone or CBT plus 10 mg/d (taken at bedtime) of zolpidem for an initial 6-week therapy, followed by extended 6-month therapy. Patients initially treated with CBT attended monthly maintenance CBT for 6 months or received no additional treatment and those initially treated with combined therapy (CBT plus 10 mg/d of zolpidem) continued with CBT plus intermittent use of zolpidem or CBT only.Sleep onset latency, time awake after sleep onset, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency derived from daily diaries (primary outcomes); treatment response and remission rates derived from the Insomnia Severity Index (secondary outcomes).Cognitive behavioral therapy used singly or in combination with zolpidem produced significant improvements in sleep latency, time awake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency during initial therapy (all P<.001); a larger increase of sleep time was obtained with the combined approach (P = .04). Both CBT alone and CBT plus zolpidem produced similar rates of treatment responders (60% [45/75] vs 61% [45/74], respectively; P = .84) and treatment remissions (39% [29/75] vs 44% [33/74], respectively; P = .52) with the 6-week acute treatment, but combined therapy produced a higher remission rate compared with CBT alone during the 6-month extended therapy phase and the 6-month follow-up period (56% [43/74 and 32/59] vs 43% [34/75 and 28/68]; P = .05). The best long-term outcome was obtained with patients treated with combined therapy initially, followed by CBT alone, as evidenced by higher remission rates at the 6-month follow-up compared with patients who continued to take zolpidem during extended therapy (68% [20/30] vs 42% [12/29]; P = .04).In patients with persistent insomnia, the addition of medication to CBT produced added benefits during acute therapy, but long-term outcome was optimized when medication is discontinued during maintenance CBT.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00042146.
Rarity of Hiatus Hernia in Achalasia
Authors: H. J. Binder, A. R. Clemett, W. R. Thayer, H. M. Spiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ACHALASIA and hiatus hernia are not often found in the same patient. The rarity of this association has been commented upon very briefly by several physicians,1 2 3 4 but nowhere has the problem been analyzed systematically. It is not clear whether anything inherent in achalasia prevents the occurrence of a hiatus hernia. For these reasons we have reviewed a series of patients with achalasia, specifically looking for radiologic evidence of a hiatus hernia.MaterialThe records of all patients with a diagnosis of achalasia at the Grace—New Haven Community Hospital and at the West Haven Veterans Administration Hospital between September, 1953, and . . .
Is FISH a relevant prognostic tool in myelodysplastic syndromes with a normal chromosome pattern on conventional cytogenetics? A study on 57 patients
Authors: P Bernasconi, P M Cavigliano, M Boni, S Calatroni, C Klersy, I Giardini, B Rocca, N Crosetto, M Caresana, M Lazzarino, C Bernasconi
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
COMPLEMENT AND COMPLEMENT-LIKE ACTIVITY IN LOWER VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES
Authors: N. K. B. Day, H. Gewurz, R. Johannsen, J. Finstad, R. A. Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

A purified cobra venom factor with C-inhibiting activity also promotes lysis of erythrocytes in fresh mammalian serum. Lysis-inducing activity of purified cobra venom factor was found in sera of lower vertebrates including the cyclostome hagfish and in invertebrates. Lysis-inducing activity was most effective with frog serum. Frog serum was found to be more hemolytic for E(s) in the presence of CVF than when cells were sensitized with hemolysin. The hemolysis induced by CVF with frog serum, as in the higher vertebrates, was inhibited when sera were pretreated with known C inhibitors including heat, chelators, endotoxin, immune complexes, and CVF itself. Complexes formed with CVF and either frog serum or invertebrate hemolymph promoted lysis of indicator cells in the presence of frog serum in EDTA. This lysis was most marked when the starfish-CVF complex was used and was C-dependent. Conversely, complex formed with frog serum and CVF promoted lysis of E in the presence of invertebrate hemolymph (Limulus) in EDTA. Hence, serum components were to some degree at least interchangeable between vertebrate sera and invertebrate hemolymph. Lysis-inducing activity of purified CVF occurs in a wide range of species, has revealed activities resembling those of terminal C-components in lower vertebrates and invertebrates, and provides one means for study of C and C-like activities in primitive species.
Canadian regulators dismiss complaint about campaign publicising low testosterone
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Canada’s regulator of drug advertising and its national health department have dismissed a complaint from a group of doctors, pharmacists, and researchers about a consumer advertising campaign about testosterone deficiency, which they claim was “disease mongering.”

The Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board and Health Canada were responding to a complaint about advertisements that appeared in Canada’s national newspaper the Globe and Mail between 6 June and 2 July this year. Health Canada’s response to the formal complaint said, “It is the department’s view that this particular campaign is not promotional material in disguise.”

Abbott Laboratories ran a “help seeking message directed to consumers” asking, “Has he lost that loving feeling?” The newspaper advertisement mentioned other symptoms—such as lack of energy and low sex drive—of low testosterone (“low T”) and …
Successful treatment of paraneoplastic pemphigus in follicular NHL with rituximab: Report of a case and review of treatment for paraneoplastic pemphigus in NHL and CLL
Authors: M. Heizmann, P. Itin, M. Wernli, L. Borradori, M.J. Bargetzi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a severe mucocutaneous disease associated in most cases with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Independent of the course of the underlying malignancy, this autoimmune skin disease is resistant to any treatment in most cases and may lead to death by infectious complications. We observed a patient with recovery of paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with follicular non-Hodgkin's-lymphoma after therapy with rituximab. In addition, we reviewed the literature and analyzed the few cases with comparable outcome with other treatment modalities. Am. J. Hematol. 66:142–144, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Pharmacology of the Novel Antiangiogenic Peptide ATN-161 (Ac-PHSCN-NH2): Observation of a U-Shaped Dose-Response Curve in Several Preclinical Models of Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth
Authors: Fernando Doñate, Graham C. Parry, Yuval Shaked, Harvey Hensley, Xiaojun Guan, Ivy Beck, Ziva Tel-Tsur, Marian L. Plunkett, Mari Manuia, David E. Shaw, Robert S. Kerbel, Andrew P. Mazar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

ATN-161 (Ac-PHSCN-NH(2)) is an integrin-binding peptide that is currently in phase II trials in cancer patients. This peptide has been shown to have antitumor activity in a number of different preclinical models.In this study, we examined the binding, biodistribution, and dose and biomarker response of ATN-161 in several animal models.ATN-161 bound to the beta subunit of a number of different integrins implicated in tumor growth and progression, which depended on its cysteine thiol. The peptide had antiangiogenic activity in the Matrigel plug model, and this activity could be reversed by inhibitors of protein kinase A, an effector of alpha(5)beta(1)-dependent angiogenesis. A labeled analogue of ATN-161, ATN-453, localized to neovessels but not to preexisting vasculature in vivo. The half-life of the peptide when localized to a tumor was much longer than in plasma. Dose-response studies in the Matrigel plug model of angiogenesis or a Lewis lung carcinoma model of tumor growth showed a U-shaped dose-response curve with 1 to 10 mg/kg given thrice a week, being the optimal dose range of ATN-161. Two additional pharmacodynamic models of angiogenesis (dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and measurement of endothelial cell progenitors) also revealed U-shaped dose-response curves.The presence of a U-shaped dose-response curve presents a significant challenge to identifying a biologically active dose of ATN-161. However, the identification of biomarkers of angiogenesis that also exhibit this same U-shaped response should allow the translation of those biomarkers to the clinic, allowing them to be used to identify the active dose of ATN-161 in phase II studies.
Giant platelet granules in a child with the chediak‐higashi syndrome
Authors: R. T. Parmley, M.‐C. Poon, W. M. Crist, A. Malluh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract Previous ultrastructural investigations have not identified abnormal lysosomes in platelets obtained from humans or animals with the Chediak‐Higashi Syndrome. We report here a patient whose megakaryocytes and platelets were found to contain giant granules when viewed by light and electron microscopy. The granules measured up to 1.5 μm in diameter, contained either homogeneous or heterogeneous material, were acid phosphatase positive, and were present in approximately 30% of bone marrow megakaryocytes and 5% of circulating platelets. A decrease was observed in serotonin containing dense granules, serotonin uptake and serotonin release as reported previously. Microtubules in platelets and megakaryocytes were intact and no other morphologic abnormalities were identified. No clinical evidence of bleeding was observed in this patient and platelet counts have been normal. The lack of giant platelet lysosomes in other reported cases of Chediak‐Higashi Syndrome attests to significant heterogeneity in this disease with a spectrum of clinical and laboratory findings.
Accuracy in melanoma detection: A 10-year multicenter survey
Authors: Giuseppe Argenziano, Lorenzo Cerroni, Iris Zalaudek, Stefania Staibano, Rainer Hofmann-Wellenhof, Nicola Arpaia, Renato Marchiori Bakos, Brigitte Balme, Jadran Bandic, Roberto Bandelloni, Alexandra M.G. Brunasso, Horacio Cabo, David A. Calcara, Blanca Carlos-Ortega, Ana Carolina Carvalho, Gabriel Casas, Huiting Dong, Gerardo Ferrara, Raffaele Filotico, Guillermo Gómez, Allan Halpern, Gennaro Ilardi, Akira Ishiko, Gulsen Kandiloglu, Hiroshi Kawasaki, Ken Kobayashi, Hiroshi Koga, Ivanka Kovalyshyn, David Langford, Xin Liu, Ashfaq A. Marghoob, Massimo Mascolo, Cesare Massone, Laura Mazzoni, Scott Menzies, Akane Minagawa, Loredana Nugnes, Fezal Ozdemir, Giovanni Pellacani, Stefania Seidenari, Katherine Siamas, Ignazio Stanganelli, William V. Stoecker, Masaru Tanaka, Luc Thomas, Philipp Tschandl, Harald Kittler
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
The case for cognitive penetrability
Authors: Philippe G. Schyns
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pylyshyn acknowledges that cognition intervenes in determining the nature of perception when attention is allocated to locations or properties prior to the operation of early vision. I present evidence that scale perception (one function of early vision) is cognitively penetrable and argue that Pylyshyn's criterion covers not a few, but many situations of recognition. Cognitive penetrability could be their modus operandi.
Book: The Doctor's Dilemma
Authors: H. Brody
Journal: BMJ (2002)

George Bernard Shaw

Penguin, £7.99, pp 192

ISBN 0140450270

George Bernard Shaw, in The Doctor's Dilemma (1911), both undermines and reinforces a rounded view of the good doctor. The play introduces one character, Sir Ralph Bloomfield Bonington—“cheering, reassuring, healing by the mere incompatibility of disease or anxiety with his welcome presence. Even broken bones, it is said, have been known to unite at the sound of his voice.” Sir Ralph (known as BB) is kindly but sadly deficient in medical knowledge. The play's physician protagonist, Sir Colenso Ridgeon, is able to murder the husband of the woman he …
Ozone enhances the uptake of mineral particles by tracheobronchial epithelial cells in organ culture.
Authors: A Churg, M Brauer, B Keeling
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We have previously shown that the basal uptake of mineral particles by tracheobronchial epithelial cells in organ culture is mediated in part by active oxygen species (AOS) and can be greatly augmented by exposure to cigarette smoke, a concentrated source of AOS, and other radicals. We hypothesized that ozone, another generator of AOS in tissues, might have the same effect. To test this hypothesis, tracheal explants were exposed to room air (control) or ozone in varying concentrations from 0.01 to 1.0 ppm for 10 min, and subsequently to a suspension of either amosite asbestos or titanium dioxide (rutile) for 1 h. Explants were then transferred to an air/CO2 incubator for 1 wk to allow particle uptake to occur, and uptake was determined by morphometry. We found that ozone exposure increased the uptake of both asbestos and titanium dioxide in a dose-response fashion; this effect appeared at lower exposure levels and was more marked with titanium dioxide than with amosite. The ozone effect could be prevented by addition of catalase but not superoxide dismutase to the particle suspension, or by preincubation of the particles with deferoxamine. These observations indicate that ozone can directly increase uptake of mineral particles by tracheobronchial epithelial cells; this effect occurs with brief exposures at very low ozone levels and appears to be mediated by hydrogen peroxide and possibly by hydroxyl radical. These findings support the general hypothesis that AOS are important mediators of epithelial particle uptake in many different settings. Enhanced uptake may be one of the mechanisms by which ozone impairs particle clearance from the lung and may play a role in the increased morbidity seen in populations with exposure to high levels of both ozone and atmospheric particulates.
The Effect of Hypercalcemia on Acid-base Metabolism in Man.
Authors: H. O. Heinemann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963The Effect of Hypercalcemia on Acid-base Metabolism in Man.H. O. Heinemann, M.D.H. O. Heinemann, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-741_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is well established that hypercalcemia has profound effects on various renal functions. Less well known is that elevation of the serum calcium concentration may also affect acid-base metabolism. Balance studies and acute experiments were performed in 10 patients with hypercalcemia secondary to neoplastic disease. The results indicate that prolonged hypercalcemia leads to 2 distinct derangements in acid-base metabolism, which at present cannot be correlated. First, metabolic alkalosis, characterized by elevation of the carbon dioxide content and pH of arterial blood. The alkalosis cannot be ascribed to bone destruction and resulting release of buffer base, nor is it due to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: H. O. Heinemann, M.D.Affiliations: New York, N. Y. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 741-741KeywordsAttentionBloodBoneCalciumCarbon dioxideHypercalcemia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
pDNA-loaded Bubble liposomes as potential ultrasound imaging and gene delivery agents
Authors: Yoko Endo-Takahashi, Yoichi Negishi, Arisa Nakamura, Daichi Suzuki, Saori Ukai, Katsutoshi Sugimoto, Fuminori Moriyasu, Norio Takagi, Ryo Suzuki, Kazuo Maruyama, Yukihiko Aramaki
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Reactive haemophagocytic syndrome in adult-onset Still's disease: a report of six patients and a review of the literature
Authors: J-B Arlet, D Le Thi Huong, A Marinho, Z Amoura, B Wechsler, T Papo, J-C Piette
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

To examine the prevalence and characteristics of patients with reactive haemophagocytic syndrome (RHS) complicating adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD).Of 50 patients with AOSD fulfilling Yamaguchi and Fautrel criteria followed in our department, clinical and laboratory data, course and treatment of six patients with histologically proven RHS and without any obvious cause other than AOSD were retrospectively recorded.RHS led to AOSD in two cases, whereas it appeared after a mean duration of 3.5 years from onset of AOSD in the other cases. The main symptoms were fever (n = 6), polyarthralgias or myalgias (n = 4), lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly (n = 3), pharyngitis (n = 3), rash (n = 3), pleuritis (n = 3), hepatomegaly (n = 1), normal or low leucocyte count (n = 4), anaemia (n = 6), lymphocytopenia (n = 6), thrombocytopenia (n = 4), hyperbasophilic lymphocytes (n = 2), abnormal liver function tests (n = 6) and increased serum triglyceride level (n = 6). Serum ferritin concentration was constantly increased (>10,000 microg/l in five cases, with <5-35% in glycosylated form). Two patients presented with coagulopathy. Treatment comprised corticosteroids (n = 4) and intravenous immunoglobulins (n = 3), whereas prednisone was unchanged in one case. One death due to pneumonia occurred 15 days after RHS. With a follow-up ranging from 2 to 7.5 years, the other patients were in remission with prednisone plus etanercept (n = 1), prednisone plus methotrexate (n = 1), low-dose prednisone (n = 2) or without treatment (n = 1).RHS is not uncommon in AOSD. It should be evoked in a patient with AOSD in the absence of hyperleucocytosis, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and coagulopathy, or in the presence of high serum ferritin and triglyceride levels.
Urinary Incontinence and Diabetes in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Sara L. Jackson, Delia Scholes, Edward J. Boyko, Linn Abraham, Stephan D. Fihn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—This study evaluates diabetes characteristics and other risk factors for urinary incontinence among community-dwelling postmenopausal women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a population-based study of 1,017 postmenopausal women (218 with diabetes), aged 55–75 years, enrolled from a health maintenance organization. Outcomes included any incontinence and severe incontinence in the prior month. RESULTS—Overall, 60% of women had any incontinence in the prior month and 8% had severe incontinence. Parity and postvoid residual bladder volume were not associated with incontinence. Oral estrogen and vaginal estrogen use were positively associated with a report of any incontinence but not severe incontinence. A history of urinary tract infection (UTI) and measures of general health were associated with both outcomes. Women with diabetes reported disproportionately more severe incontinence, difficulty controlling urination, mixed (stress and urge) incontinence, use of pads, inability to completely empty the bladder, being unaware of leakage, and discomfort with urination (P ≤ 0.06). Diabetes duration, treatment type, peripheral neuropathy, and retinopathy were significantly associated with severe incontinence in multiple regression models adjusted for age, education, and history of UTI (P = 0.01–0.06); however, additional adjustment for BMI diminished the strength of association (P = 0.17–0.52). CONCLUSIONS—Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women. Women with diabetes are more likely to experience severe and symptomatic urinary incontinence. UTI history is a major risk factor, postvoid residual bladder volume plays no demonstrable role, and BMI confounds the relationship between diabetes and incontinence among healthy postmenopausal women.
Abstract 459: The function of FOXO1 in the late phases of the cell cycle is suppressed by PLK1-mediated phosphorylation
Authors: Chengfu Yuan, Lei Wang, Liang Zhou, Zheng Fu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays crucial roles in multiple stages of cell division. Our previous studies suggest that global transcriptional regulation by PLK1 may contribute to its multiple functions. PLK1 depletion is associated with a decrease in cell viability and the induction of apoptosis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we report that forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) is a novel physiological substrate of PLK1. FOXO1 is at the interface of crucial cellular processes, orchestrating programs of gene expression that regulate apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and oxidative-stress resistance. PLK1 interacts with and phosphorylates FOXO1, mainly at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. PLK1-mediated phosphorylation leads to the impairment of FOXO1's transcriptional activity in an Akt-independent manner. By immunofluorescence staining and subcellular fractionation, we demonstrate that PLK1-induced FOXO1 phosphorylation causes its nuclear exclusion. Furthermore, PLK1-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO1 negatively regulates its pro-apoptotic function, and abrogates its ability to delay entry into and progression through G2/M transition. Therefore, our results suggest that PLK1 abrogates the inhibitory effects of FOXO1 on cell growth and survival to ensure timely cell cycle progression. This study not only reveals a novel and major regulatory mechanism of FOXO1 at the late phases of the cell cycle, but also provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms by which PLK1 inhibition leads to growth arrest and cell death. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Chengfu Yuan, Lei Wang, Liang Zhou, Zheng Fu. The function of FOXO1 in the late phases of the cell cycle is suppressed by PLK1-mediated phosphorylation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 459. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-459