tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interference of Nalidixic Acid in Urinary 17-Ketosteroid Determinations
Authors: Otto Llerena, O. H. Pearson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

A NUMBER of drugs have been shown to interfere with the determination of urinary 17-ketosteroids (17-KS), 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGS) and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS). Meprobamate,1 triacetyloleandomycin2 and spironolactone3 have been shown to produce false elevation of both 17-KS and 17-OHCS values. Phenaglycodol4 and penicillin5 cause increases in both urinary 17-KS and urinary 17-KGS levels. Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride (Librium) and etryptamine acetate (Monase) increase urinary 17-OHCS and depress urinary 17-KS values, whereas chlorpromazine (Thorazine) decreases urinary 17-OHCS while increasing urinary 17-KS.6 Hydroxyzine (Atarax) increases urinary 17-OHCS, and ethinamate (Valmid) raises urinary 17-KS.6 Reserpine suppresses both urinary 17-OHCS and urinary 17-KS levels.6 This report demonstrates . . .
The Billy Goat War
Authors: Howard Markel
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Care of the Patient With Neurogenic Bladder
Authors: John B. Nanninga
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This book provides an outline for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The patients about whose care the text seems intended are generally those with debilitating disease. Hence, the text will be of most value to those working in a spinal cord injury unit or perhaps in a spina bifida clinic. Chapters are included that amplify the team approach to the total care of the disabled patient. Unfortunately, the actual evaluation of the neurogenic bladder is fragmented somewhat in the text. For example, in the second chapter, sophisticated urodynamic studies are described. To understand the role and technique of these tests at this point, the reader would have to be familiar with them. Then, in a subsequent chapter, cystometry is described in a simplistic manner, and the equipment that is illustrated includes a water manometer and Lewis cystometer. Needless to say, treatment should be based
Circaseptan (Weekly) Rhythms in Smoking Cessation Considerations
Authors: John W. Ayers, Benjamin M. Althouse, Morgan Johnson, Joanna E. Cohen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Smokers’ rhythms in contemplating quitting or making quit attempts are poorly understood. Tobacco control has focused on annual events (e.g., New Year’s Day), but weekly “circaseptan” time-cycles may likewise exist. For example, many illnesses (e.g., strokes) are more common on Mondays.1 Do cessation behaviors also have weekly rhythms?
Abstract 4496: Preclinical efficacy of the novel dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, BEZ235 compared with RAD001 in HER2+ breast tumors
Authors: Pradip K.R De, Yuliang Sun, Nandini Dey, Brian Leyland-Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: HER2 overexpression occurs in 20-25% of patients with breast cancer and is associated with aggressive disease and decreased survival. HER2 activates multiple cellular signaling pathways including the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. The sustained activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway or the activating mutation of PIK3CA (p110α) is one of the major causes of drug resistance including trastuzumab. Purpose: Inhibitors of mTOR1 have been shown to be active in patients with solid tumors. As the phosphatidylinositol 3-Kianse (PI3K) pathway activates numerous other kinases, transcription factors, and proteins associated with cell growth/survival and apoptosis besides mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), suppression of this pathway upstream of mTOR may be more effective than inhibition of mTOR1 in HER2+ breast cancer models. Experimental Design: To examine this possibility, the dual pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, BEZ235 was compared with mTOR1 inhibitor, RAD001 in trastuzumab-sensitive HER2+ (BT474 and SKBR3), trastuzumab-resistant (BT474HR), and PIK3CA mutated/HER2+ breast cancer cells (HCC1954 and U893) Results: Treatment of HER2+ breast cancer cell lines with BEZ235 or RAD001 in vitro showed 1) RAD001 mediated AKT activation was blocked when cells were treated with BEZ235, 2) BEZ235 dose- and time-dependently blocked AKT phosphorylation (both at Ser473 and Thr308), 3) both drugs completely blocked the activation P70S6K, but BEZ235 more efficiently blocked 4EBP1 phosphorylation than RAD001, 4) ERK activation was significantly attenuated by BEZ235, while inhibition of mTOR1 by RAD001 lead to activated ERK, 5) BEZ235 was significantly more effective than RAD001 in reducing HIF1α expression following heregulin stimulation, 6) activation of caspase3 (from the expression level of cleaved caspase3) was also greater following treatment with BEZ235 than RAD001, and 7) integrin-dependent breast tumor cell migration was significantly abrogated with BEZ235 in association with inhibition of RAC1-GTP, but this was not seenwith RAD001. Conclusion: Our preclinical in vitro data demonstrate that concurrent inhibition of PI3K and mTOR is likely to be a more effective strategy in the treatment of both sensitive and resistant HER2+ breast cancers than the inhibition of mTOR1 alone. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4496. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4496
Private rest homes: answers needed.
Authors: C Godber
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Private rest homes: answers needed "Why let the burdens of old age get on top of you ... live in complete luxury . . . [we] enable you to enjoy your well earned retirement . . .offer life's much sought after pleasures and allow you to relax in comfort while expert staff attend to your every wish . . .if your capital is £3000 or less the DHSS will fund the average fee."Not Saga Holidays offering winter breaks in Spain, or even soft words from the Minister of Health to octogenarian general practitioners, but excerpts from a feature in a local paper' by the Hampshire Registered Rest Homes Association, entrepreneurs helping the govern- ment to spend its money.In the past six years Hampshire has seen a 1500% expansion in the number of places in private rest homes, which now exceed the total in part III homes.2 3 Yet most of that increase has been funded by the Department of Health and Social Security as a result of changes in 1980 and again last year4 in the regulations for payment of supple- mentary benefits which authorised social security offices to pay out extra allowances sufficient to cover fees in private homes for elderly people presenting as in need of care.Rest homes in the south of England were quick to latch on to this change in the law and spread the word, and many individuals saw the new climate-with its advantageous grants and rebates-as a rapidly profitable one in which to set up in business.Many large houses were converted for use as rest homes.Though undoubtedly it took much of the pressure off part III waiting lists and blocked hospital beds, this expansion also short circuited less costly forms of domiciliary support and reduced incentives for the rehabilitation of patients with reversible disability.The influx of new inmates, therefore, included many people for whom residential care was unnecessary.
United States tobacco company rolls over
Authors: J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1996)

A US cigarette manufacturer has, for the first time, agreed to pay compensation for the consequences of smokers' addiction to nicotine. Rather than continue to defend itself from smokers' and their families' lawsuits, Liggett, one of the United States' smaller tobacco companies, has agreed to set up a fund to pay for a national quit smoking campaign. The company also has made deals with five states that are suing tobacco companies to recover tax money that has been spent on treating diseases …
Vascular patches tissue-engineered with autologous bone marrow-derived cells and decellularized tissue matrices
Authors: Seung-Woo Cho, Hee Jung Park, Ju Hee Ryu, Soo Hyun Kim, Young Ha Kim, Cha Yong Choi, Min-Jae Lee, Jong-Sung Kim, In-Sung Jang, Dong-Ik Kim, Byung-Soo Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)
Evidence for existence of two types of massive obesity.
Authors: P G Kopelman, T R Pilkington, N White, S L Jeffcoate
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The responses of growth hormone, cortisol, and prolactin to symptomatic hypoglycaemia during an intravenous insulin tolerance test were measured in 20 massively obese subjects and six lean volunteers. In 11 subjects, who had been obese since early childhood, an impaired growth-hormone response and an absent prolactin response were found. In the nine other obese subjects, however, the growth-hormone and prolactin responses were not significantly impaired. Seven of these subjects had become obese either as a teenager or during adult life. These findings suggest the existence of two types of human obesity similar to those found in rodent models. In one the disorder of hypothalamic function may be due to a basic, possibly genetic abnormality, while in the other it is acquired.
Protein Kinase CK2 Is Coassembled with Small Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels and Regulates Channel Gating
Authors: Wolfgang Bildl, Tim Strassmaier, Henrike Thurm, Jens Andersen, Silke Eble, Dominik Oliver, Marlies Knipper, Matthias Mann, Uwe Schulte, John P. Adelman, Bernd Fakler
Journal: Neuron (2004)
Association of discoid lupus erythematosus with other clinical manifestations among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Joseph F. Merola, Stephen D. Prystowsky, Christina Iversen, Jose A. Gomez-Puerta, Tabatha Norton, Peter Tsao, Elena Massarotti, Peter Schur, Bonnie Bermas, Karen H. Costenbader
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
THU0379 A 20 year single centre experience of aa amyloidosis demonstrating changes in its epidemiology
Authors: H.J. Lachmann, J.D. Gillmore, A.D. Wechalekar, S.D. Gibbs, J.H. Pinney, D.M. Rowczenio, H. Trojer, T. Lane, C.P. Venner, S.M. Banypersad, J.A. Gilbertson, F.T. Hunt, D. Gopaul, D.F. Hutt, N. Wassef, M.B. Pepys, P.N. Hawkins
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> AA amyloidosis is the most serious potential complication of chronic inflammation and can result in renal failure and death. It is seen much less often in the USA than in Europe and is thought to have become less common in the developed world in general but there are few systematic data on its incidence and epidemiology. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze a single national centre experience of AA amyloidosis in the United Kingdom over the past 20 years. <h3>Methods</h3> Analysis of the UK National Amyloidosis Centres database and case records. <h3>Results</h3> 493 patients with confirmed AA amyloidosis were assessed at the UK National Amyloidosis Centre between 1992 and 2011. The referral rate has been stable at ∼30 new cases/yr over the past 12 yrs, in contrast with a three-fold increase among other types of amyloidosis. Median age at referral was 55 years, 54% were male and 81% of cases were ethnically white. The commonest underlying diseases are: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 28%, chronic sepsis 19% and seronegative arthritis 10%, but in 18% the underlying inflammatory disease was uncharacterized at diagnosis. Comparing the cohort referred 1992-96 with the most recent 5 years, there has been a reduction in patients with RA from 33% to 19% (p 0.038), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis from 18% to 2% (p&lt;0.001), but a rise in AA amyloidosis of unknown aetiology from 8% to 28% (p&lt;0.001). Age at referral has risen from a median of 48 to 61 years (p&lt;0.001), and the proportion referred with established end-stage renal failure (ESRF) has remained stable at 26%. Median time to ESRF in cases presenting with an eGFR&gt;20 ml/min is unchanged at 157 months. Median survival is 118 months with no significant difference between cohorts, but age at death has increased from a median of 60.6 yrs in the earliest cohort to 79 in the most recent (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In contrast to a threefold increase in referrals of other types of amyloidosis during the past decade, referral rates for AA have not changed. Age at both diagnosis and death have increased significantly over the last 20 years. The incidence of AA amyloidosis among patients with inflammatory arthritis has decreased, perhaps reflecting greater use of biologic agents and a greater proportion of recent AA patients have uncharacterized underlying inflammatory disorders, posing challenges for clinical management. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The "Retinoic Acid Syndrome" in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Stanley R. Frankel, Anna Eardley, Gregory Lauwers, Mark Weiss, Raymond P. Warrell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

▪Objective: To describe a novel complication of therapy with all-trans retinoic acid in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. ▪Design: Case series. ▪Setting: Comprehensive cancer center. ▪Patients: Consecutive patients with a morphologic diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia who underwent remission induction treatment with all-trans retinoic acid, 45 mg/m2 body surface area per day. ▪Measurements and Results: Nine of 35 patients (26%; 95% Cl, 9% to 52%) with acute promyelocytic leukemia who were treated with all-trans retinoic acid developed a syndrome consisting primarily of fever and respiratory distress. Additional prominent signs and symptoms included weight gain, lower-extremity edema, pleural or pericardial effusions, and episodic hypotension. The onset of this symptom complex occurred from 2 to 21 days after starting treatment. Three deaths occurred; post-mortem examinations in two patients showed pulmonary interstitial infiltration with maturing myeloid cells. Six other patients survived, each achieving complete remission (five patients with all-trans retinoic acid only; 1 patient with chemotherapy). In six of the nine cases, the onset of the syndrome was preceded by an increase in peripheral blood leukocytes to a level of at least 20 ÷109 cells/L. Certain therapeutic interventions, including leukapheresis, temporary cessation of therapy with all-trans retinoic acid, and cytotoxic chemotherapy in moderate doses were not useful after respiratory distress was established. However, the administration of high-dose corticosteroid therapy (dexamethasone, 10 mg IV intravenously every 12 hours for 3 or more days) early in the course of the syndrome resulted in prompt symptomatic improvement and full recovery in three of four patients. ▪Conclusions: The use of all-trans retinoic acid to induce hematologic remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia is associated in some patients with the development of a potentially lethal syndrome that is not uniformly accompanied by peripheral blood leukocytosis. Early recognition of the symptom complex of fever and dyspnea, combined with prompt corticosteroid treatment, may decrease morbidity and mortality associated with this syndrome.
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF STAGED VERSUS “ONE-TIME” MULTIVESSEL PCI IN ACUTE ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: LONG-TERM ANALYSIS FROM THE HORIZONS-AMI TRIAL
Authors: Ran Kornowski, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Abid Assali, Eugenia Nikolsky, Bernard J. Gersh, S. Chiu Wong, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giulio Guagliumi, Dariusz Dudek, Martin Fahy, Alexandra J. Lansky, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy due to a Pulmonary Metastasis from a Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: ARPAN K. BANERJEE, PRESTON CARVALHO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A 20-year-old woman who had a soft tissue sarcoma of the buttock excised 2 years previously presented with clubbing, swollen hands, wrists, knees, ankles, and a cough. A Tc-99m MDP bone scan was performed, which showed symmetrical increased uptake of tracer over the femora, tibia, humeri, radii, and ulnae, consistent with a diagnosis of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. A chest radiograph and CT scan showed a mass in the left lower lobe. A thoracotomy was performed, confirming the presence of metastatic disease in the left lower lobe, which, unfortunately, proved unresectable.
Mycarditis and cardiotropic viral infection associated with severe left ventricular dysfunction in late-stage infection with human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Ahvie Herskowitz, Tzyy-Choou Wu, Sharon B. Willoughby, David Vlahov, Aftab A. Ansari, William E. Beschorner, Kenneth L. Baughman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to characterize the histologic and immunopathologic results of 37 endomyocardial biopsy samples from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) who were evaluated for unexplained global left ventricular dysfunction. Background. Recent studies have identified a growing number of patients infected with HIV-1 who develop unexplained left ventricular dysfunction and congestive heart failure. Myocarditis has been confirmed at autopsy in small numbers of such patients, although a pathogenic opportunistic infectious agent can rarely be identified. Methods. All patients had moderate to severe global left ventricular hypokinesia on two-dimensional echocardiography. Endomyocardial biopsy samples were evaluated by standard histologic studies, immunoperoxidase staining and in situ hybridization for cytomegalovirus and HIV-1 gene sequences. Results. Twenty-eight patients presented with New York Heart Association functional class III or IV congestive heart failure. Four patients had myocarditis secondary to known etiologies (opportunistic infection n = 2; drug-induced hypersensitivity myocarditis n = 2). Of the remaining 33 samples, 17 (51%) showed histologic evidence of idiopathic active or borderline myocarditis. Immunohistologic findings revealed induced expression of major histocompatibility class I antigen on myocytes and increased numbers of infiltrating CD8+T lymphocytes. Specific hybridization within myocytes was observed in 5 of 33 samples with the HIV-1 antisense riboprobe and in 16 of 33 samples with the cytomegalovirus immediate early (IE-2) antisense riboprobe. All but one patient with specific myocyte hybridization presented with congestive heart failure; all patients had myocarditis and CD4+cell counts <100/mm3. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that cardiotropic virus infection and myocarditis may be important in the pathogenesis of symptomatic HIV-associated cardiomyopathy.
Staffing of accident and emergency departments.
Authors: G S Pathakji
Journal: BMJ (1978)

level prevailing in Canada, together with a large capital sum to compensate for the years of underspending in building and equipment.Obviously this is economically not feasible.Though I would welcome in theory a fee- for-service method of remuneration, the problems of its implementation within the NHS are such that each unit of service would be so priced by our political masters that the global remuneration of general practitioners would not increase and the level of bureau- cratic interference and paper work would become extremely onerous.Incidentally, when explaining to Canadian colleagues the method of remuneration of NHS general practitioners they thought that a system combining part capitation, part expense reimbursement, and part fee-for-service was absolutely crazy.But they were extremely envious of our inflationproof pension scheme.
Re: Ching-Chia Li, Tu-Hao Chang, Wen-Jeng Wu, et al. Significant Predictive Factors for Prognosis of Primary Upper Urinary Tract Cancer after Radical Nephroureterectomy in Taiwanese Patients. Eur Urol 2008;54:1127–35
Authors: Shiu-Dong Chung, Hong-Jeng Yu, Shih-Chieh Chueh
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Abstract S3-2: Chemotherapy prolongs survival for isolated local or regional recurrence of breast cancer: The CALOR trial (Chemotherapy as Adjuvant for Locally Recurrent breast cancer; IBCSG 27-02, NSABP B-37, BIG 1-02)
Authors: S Aebi, S Gelber, I Láng, SJ Anderson, A Robidoux, M Martín, JWR Nortier, EP Mamounas, CE Geyer, R Maibach, RD Gelber, N Wolmark, I Wapnir
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction Patients with isolated local and regional recurrences (ILRR) of breast cancer (BC) have a high risk of developing distant metastasis and dying from BC. We investigated the impact of chemotherapy (C) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) after ILRR. Methods Patients with resected ILRR were stratified according to prior chemotherapy (yes vs. no), ER and/or PgR status of the recurrent tumor (both negative vs. either positive), and location of recurrence (breast vs. scar/chest wall vs. lymph nodes). Radiation, hormone and HER2 directed therapies were delineated in the protocol. Participants were randomly assigned to receive C or none. Multidrug C for at least 4 courses was recommended. Drug selection was at the discretion of the investigator. Slow accrual led to premature closure of the trial before achieving the planned sample size of 265. Results The trial accrued 162 patients (C, 85; control, 77) from 2002–2010. The groups were balanced in regard to the characteristics listed in the table below. At a median follow up of 4.9 years, there were 24 (28%) DFS events and 9 (11%) deaths in the C group compared with 34 (44%) DFS events and 21 (27%) deaths in the control group, corresponding to a 5-year DFS of 69% vs. 57%, [DFS HR (C/control) = 0.59, 95% CI (0.35, 0.99)], p =0.046] and a 5-year OS of 88% vs. 76%, [OS HR (C/control) = 0.41, 95% CI (0.19, 0.89)], p =0.02]. The results remained significant for both DFS and OS in multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling controlling for ILRR location, disease-free interval, ER status and prior adjuvant chemotherapy. Adjuvant C was particularly effective for women with ER-negative ILRR: 5-year DFS 67% vs. 35%, [DFS HR (C/control) = 0.32, 95% CI (0.14, 0.73)], p =0.007] and OS 79% vs. 69%, [OS HR (C/control) = 0.43, 95% CI (0.15, 1.24)], p =0.12]. Results for the ER-positive ILRR cohort were: 5-year DFS 70% vs. 69%, [DFS HR (C/control) = 0.94, 95% CI (0.47, 1.89)], p =0.87] and OS 94% vs. 80%, [OS HR (C/control) = 0.40, 95% CI (0.12, 1.28)], p =0.12]. Conclusion Adjuvant chemotherapy should be recommended for patients with completely resected isolated loco-regional recurrences of breast cancer, in particular, if the recurrence is not sensitive to endocrine therapy. Funding NCI PHS grants U10-CA-37377, -69974, -12027, -69651, CA-75362. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S3-2.