tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy-Reply
Authors: Roland E. Schmieder
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —The aim of our meta-analysis was to elucidate clinical determinants for the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. Different drug classes were evaluated with respect to their ability to reduce left ventricular mass. 1 Since none of the double-blind, randomized, clinical trials compared all drug arms in a single study, we decided to choose treatment arms as units in our metaanalysis. Potential criticisms of this procedure might be that treatment arms of different studies are not comparable and that the valid n of our meta-analysis is thereby artificially increased.  If 2 or more groups are compared, it is essential that within each group the results are independent. If one ignores an existing positive correlation, the result indeed is an overestimation of statistical precision. However, that was definitely not what we did. Instead, we broke the matching of study arms with different treatments, and the meta-analysis is more likely
THE NECESSITY OF PHYSICIANS' AID ASSOCIATION.
Authors: JOHN S. ROBERTS
Journal: JAMA (1892)

minous and had fatty epithelia and casts in abund¬ ance.(I learned that none of her previous medical attendants had examined the urine, though their services as consultants had been paid ($600) six hundred dollars by the month.Satisfied with the chest symptoms they neglected the urine.I hope no reader of this will ever make such an omission in any of their chronic cases, at any rate I will not allow myself to do so.)The blood had a less proportion of corpuscles to the serum than normal.Fibrin filaments not too much developed.The red corpuscles and the white and the serum were not as they should be in tubercu¬ lous blood.These things determined the diagnosis of Bright's disease of the kidneys and lungs, and no consumption.The patient was too far gone to respond to treatment and died.No autopsy.When we consider that there are muscular fibers in all the bronchial tubes, about the same as in the arteries, and that so-called asthma is when there is a
REGISTRY OF BONE SARCOMA
Authors: E. A. Codman
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As chairman of the Committee of the American College of Surgeons of the Registry of Bone Sarcoma, I am anxious to have every active practitioner of medicine in the United States know of the existence of the registry and the use it may be to him and the service he may be to it. It is hoped that every case of bone sarcoma that occurs in the United States or Canada will be registered with the committee as soon as the tentative diagnosis is made. Registration consists in sending an outline of the history, roentgenray prints and, if tissue has been removed, some of the tissue or slides made therefrom. It is the duty of the committee to collect and study the cases reported until such time as it can render a satisfactory report of efficient methods of diagnosis and treatment. On receipt of a case for
Inhibitors of Elastase in Airway Lavage Samples from Ventilated Preterm Human Neonates
Authors: MATTHIAS GRIESE, PETRA PUDENZ, WOLFGANG GEBHARD
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Surplus elastase released from neutrophils during lung injury is balanced mainly by α1-protease inhibitor ( α1-PI) and by two acid-resistant inhibitors. The latter include mucus protease inhibitor (MPI, also named SLPI, BSI, ALP) and elastase-specific inhibitor (ESI or Elafin), but their functional role during the neonatal period has not yet been characterized precisely. The saline airway lavage samples from neonates intubated for respiratory distress were separated by centrifugation into a cellular and a soluble, supernatant fraction and then analyzed. During the first 36 h of life (42 neonates, gestational age 24–40 wk), elastase activity was confined to the cellular fraction. Thirty percent of the acid-resistant inhibitors but almost no α1-PI, was cell-associated. In the soluble fraction, about 20–30% of the acid-resistant inhibitors was functionally active, but only about 10% of α1-PI was. In seven infants with a nosocomial infection and deterioration during mechanical ventilation, only a very modest increase in elastase activity was observed. However, the functional activity of the acid-resistant inhibitors was reduced in the soluble fraction, whereas total mass remained unchanged. A full assessment of protease and protease inhibitors should include the cellular and the soluble lavage compartments.
Preoperative Lateralisation of Aldosterone-Producing Tumours in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Bruce A. Scoggins, Catherine J. Oddie, William S. C. Hare, John P. Coghlan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

A technique based on measurement of aldosterone in peripheral and left-adrenal venous plasma is described for the preoperative lateralisation of aldosterone-producing adenomas of the adrenal. It has been used in conjunction with adrenal phlebography. The procedure has been evaluated in 11 patients with primary aldosteronism; 10 were predicted accurately, 7 having an adenoma on the left, and 3 on the right. In the one patient about whom a decision could not be made, bilateral adrenal adenomas were found at surgery.
Erythematous lump on the abdomen
Authors: P. Lloret, P. Redondo, F.J. Vazquez-Doval
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

A 76‐year‐old woman presented with a 3‐month history of a lesion on her abdomen. The lesion had gradually increased its size and the patient reported local pain. No systemic signs or symptoms were observed. Examination revealed an erythematous lesion, 3 cm in diameter, with diffuse margins, lightly adhering to the deep underlying tissue, on the left abdominal flank. A firm and indurated nodule was palpable. On lateral compression the lesion became depressed in the centre (Fig. 1A). Chest X‐ray and blood tests, including full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and liver enzymes, were normal. Differential diagnosis for a painful erythematous nodule included panniculitis, fungal and bacterial infections, vascular and malignant lesions. Suspecting a cutaneous metastasis of a digestive neoplasm or an advanced digestive neoplasia, we performed an abdominal X‐ray before performing computed tomography, which revealed a radiopaque foreign body (Fig. 1B). This foreign body was identified as a sewing needle. The nodule and the needle were removed under local anaesthesia (Fig. 1C), and histology of the nodule showed an intense perilesional granulomatous reaction, compatible with a foreign body reaction.
Myxedema and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: DENNIS BAUMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Letters and Comments1 June 1968Myxedema and Coronary Artery DiseaseDENNIS BAUMAN, M.D.DENNIS BAUMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-6-1370 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In his autopsy study entitled "Myxedema and Coronary Artery Disease" appearing in the February 1968 issue of the ANNALS, Dr. Steinberg concluded that there is a correlation between the two entities only in those patients with myxedema who were also hypertensive. I would like to take issue with his criteria for classifying patients as hypertensive.Two classification of hypertension were used. In the first of these, patients were considered hypertensive if any of the following criteria were met: [1] blood pressure greater than 170/100 mm Hg; [2] heart weight of 350 g or more, with left ventricular... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DENNIS BAUMAN, M.D.Affiliations: University of Utah Hospitals Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1968Volume 68, Issue 6Page: 1370-1372KeywordsAutopsyBlood pressureHeartHypertensionStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
P200Biochemical markers in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus: prospective observational study
Authors: TI Petelina, NA Musikhina, LI Gapon, VA Kuznetsov, OE Belosludtseva
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

The role of chronic inflammation in development of cardiovascular complications in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been widely discussed in recent decades. Purpose: To perform a prospective comparative analysis of lipid profiles and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in groups of CAD patients with and without DM. Methods: 86 patients aged 60.3±9.8 years with CAD and stable angina were divided into two groups: I group included patients with CAD (n=33) and II group – CAD patients with type 2 DM (n=53). Selective coronary angiography showed no signs of significant coronary stenosis in all patients. Results: Serum laboratory tests were performed during the course of standard therapy at baseline and in 12±2.4 months of observation. At baseline, patients of II group had significantly increased atherogenic indices of the lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, apolipoprotein B) and inflammation markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, interleukin-1β) compared to I group. Group I had higher levels of soluble CD40 ligand (CD40L). In II group patients with CAD and DM had more numerous and highly significant interrelations between atherogenic lipid fractions (lipoprotein (a), LDL), inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-α), endothelial functional activity indices (endothelin-1), thrombogenic factors (soluble CD40L), and glycated hemoglobin. A prospective observational study showed the absence of significant positive changes in the lipid profile and the preserved prolonged inflammation response as indicated by interleukin-1β, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, matrix metalloproteinases and the presence of disorders in the endothelin system in both groups of patients. Conclusion: The study showed that prolonged endothelial inflammatory process is an initiating factor of atherosclerotic process destabilization in patients with CAD and DM.
New packaging method of mycobacterial cell wall using octaarginine-modified liposomes: Enhanced uptake by and immunostimulatory activity of dendritic cells
Authors: Atthachai Homhuan, Kentaro Kogure, Hideyuki Akaza, Shiroh Futaki, Takashi Naka, Yukiko Fujita, Ikuya Yano, Hideyoshi Harashima
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
Motor-visual neurons and action recognition in social interactions
Authors: Stephan de la Rosa, Heinrich H. Bülthoff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Cook et al. suggest that motor-visual neurons originate from associative learning. This suggestion has interesting implications for the processing of socially relevant visual information in social interactions. Here, we discuss two aspects of the associative learning account that seem to have particular relevance for visual recognition of social information in social interactions - namely, context-specific and contingency based learning.
Treating gestational diabetes reduces perinatal morbidity
Authors: K. K. Hodson, M. W. J. MacDougall, R. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The recent analysis of gestational diabetes summarises the ongoing debate about whether to screen for and treat this condition.1 The authors conclude that mild glycaemia “does not carry anything like the same degree of risk” (as pre-existing type 1 or 2 diabetes) and imply that treating gestational diabetes has no clinically important benefit.

Two randomised controlled trials have established the benefit …
The truth, such as it is, about melanoma risk
Authors: J. W. Broggio
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Spence’s thought provoking article spurred me into a little investigation of my own.1

Data from the South West Cancer Information Service show that the age standardised rate for the incidence of malignant melanoma in England rose from six per 100 000 population in 1985 to 18 per 100 000 population in …
Book Review Kendig's Disorders of the Respiratory Tract in Children Fifth edition. Edited by Victor Chernick, with Edwin L. Kendig, Jr. 1055 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1990. $185. The Diagnosis and Management of Paediatric Respiratory Disease By Robert Dinwiddie. 299 pp., illustrated. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1990. $45.
Authors: Brain P. O'Sullivan, Robert G. Zwerdling
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)
Making sense of rising caesarean section rates
Authors: Geoffrey M Anderson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Although a link between prescribing antibiotics and resistance has been established at the level of the individual, 7 this relation is unclear at practice level or even group level. 8Generally, higher prescription rates seem to be associated with higher resistance rates.Moreover, prolonged use of an antibiotic in chronic conditions seems to be an important factor in the promotion of resistance. 9 10This means that a short antibiotic course of one to two weeks for acute primary impetigo should be relatively harmless, but impetiginised eczema or atopic dermatitis should not be treated with topical antibiotics.The effectiveness of any antibiotic is dependent on the susceptibility of the causative bacteria.In impetigo this is usually S aureus.Resistance rates in staphylococci against fusidic acid vary considerably between regions and in time. 6 10Therefore, treatment of impetigo should be guided by susceptibility testing of a S aureus isolate obtained from the patient.However, this time consuming procedure is hardly feasible in general practice and therefore is seldom done.The final choice of treatment can be determined best by regional or national guideline developing bodies.Knowledge of local resistance patterns on the basis of surveillance of specimens derived from general practice should be incorporated in these documents.Furthermore, they may contain policies to reserve certain antibiotics for the treatment of other, more serious infections.For example, systemic fusidic acid is consid-ered vital in the treatment of severe bone infections, and mupirocin is a cornerstone in eradication of methicillin resistant S aureus carriage.
Neonatal intensive care. International network provides feedback.
Authors: W Tarnow-Mordi
Journal: BMJ (1993)

on previously was taking both desmopressin and methylphenidate.2Desmopressin, imipramine, and methylphenidate are centrally acting drugs, which act as neurotransmitters.The antidiuretic action of desmopressin might possibly be augmented by imipramine and methylphenidate.We agree with Hamed and colleagues that parents should be warned of the dangers of excessive fluid intake when desmopressin is used.We suggest that current treatment with a centrally acting drug should be considered a relative contraindication to treatment with desmo- pressin.We also suggest that any patient who develops vomiting, headache, or nausea during treatment with desmopressin should stop taking the drug and see his or her doctor promptly.
Abstract 2249: Induction of PIAS3 by curcumin as a novel treatment strategy in mesothelioma.
Authors: Snehal Dabir, Gary Wildey, Afshin Dowlati
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Curcumin, a natural drug derived from the spice turmeric, has been extensively studied as an anti-cancer agent. The mechanism of action behind this promising bioactivity of curcumin, previously unclear, is now beginning to emerge. Curcumin has been shown to inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and activity in melanoma cells, ovarian and endometrial cancer cells and small-cell lung cancer cells. In many cancers constitutively activated STAT3 (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3) is essential for cell proliferation. In this study we demonstrate that four mesothelioma cell lines demonstrate high levels of active STAT3. The addition of curcumin can suppress mesothelioma cell growth and proliferation, demonstrating the STAT3-dependence of these cells. Interestingly, the inhibitory effect of curcumin on STAT3 appears to be mediated through an upregulation of an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3 called PIAS3 (protein inhibitor of activated STAT3). Thus, the significance of our results is that curcumin not only targets an effector of mesothelioma cell proliferation, STAT3, but does this by increasing the expression of its endogenous inhibitor, PIAS3. This result prompted ongoing studies to determine if PIAS3 levels are deficient in mesothelioma tumor specimens obtained from the National Virtual Mesothelioma bank. Taken together, our data support the idea that mesothelioma is a STAT3-driven cancer caused by a lack of PIAS3 expression and that strategies to increase endogenous PIAS3 expression will have tumor suppressor effects. The ability of curcumin to increase PIAS3 expression will give us a jump start on pursuing this strategy because it represents a bioactive lead compound with many available structural analogs. Citation Format: Snehal Dabir, Gary Wildey, Afshin Dowlati. Induction of PIAS3 by curcumin as a novel treatment strategy in mesothelioma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2249. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2249
A Syndrome with Congenital Neutropenia and Mutations in<i>G6PC3</i>
Authors: Kaan Boztug, Giridharan Appaswamy, Angel Ashikov, Alejandro A. Schäffer, Ulrich Salzer, Jana Diestelhorst, Manuela Germeshausen, Gudrun Brandes, Jacqueline Lee-Gossler, Fatih Noyan, Anna-Katherina Gatzke, Milen Minkov, Johann Greil, Christian Kratz, Theoni Petropoulou, Isabelle Pellier, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Nima Rezaei, Kirsten Mönkemöller, Noha Irani-Hakimeh, Hans Bakker, Rita Gerardy-Schahn, Cornelia Zeidler, Bodo Grimbacher, Karl Welte, Christoph Klein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The main features of severe congenital neutropenia are the onset of severe bacterial infections early in life, a paucity of mature neutrophils, and an increased risk of leukemia. In many patients, the genetic causes of severe congenital neutropenia are unknown.We performed genomewide genotyping and linkage analysis on two consanguineous pedigrees with a total of five children affected with severe congenital neutropenia. Candidate genes from the linkage interval were sequenced. Functional assays and reconstitution experiments were carried out.All index patients were susceptible to bacterial infections and had very few mature neutrophils in the bone marrow; structural heart defects, urogenital abnormalities, and venous angiectasia on the trunk and extremities were additional features. Linkage analysis of the two index families yielded a combined multipoint lod score of 5.74 on a linkage interval on chromosome 17q21. Sequencing of G6PC3, the candidate gene encoding glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit 3, revealed a homozygous missense mutation in exon 6 that abolished the enzymatic activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in all affected children in the two families. The patients' neutrophils and fibroblasts had increased susceptibility to apoptosis. The myeloid cells showed evidence of increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta). We identified seven additional, unrelated patients who had severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features and distinct biallelic mutations in G6PC3.Defective function of glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit 3, underlies a severe congenital neutropenia syndrome associated with cardiac and urogenital malformations.
A SNARE GUARD FOR INGALS' OPERATION OF ECRASEMENT OF THE TONSILS.
Authors: OTTO T. FREER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The operation is described in detail in Ingals' "Diseases of the Chest, Throat and Nose," 4th Edition, page 435. It is done under anesthesia, the patient lying on his side with one arm behind his back and his face looking towards the operator and slightly downward. A gag is inserted, the tongue strongly depressed with a tongue depressor by an assistant, and the uvula seized with a slender forceps to hold it out of the way of harm. The tonsil is now grasped with an especially constructed forceps which includes in its blades the whole of the tonsillar substance, even to its deepest attachment between the pillars. If the latter are adherent to the tonsil they are separated by means of a palate hook as a preliminary. The loop of a strongly constructed snare is next passed over the forceps and beneath its beak around the attachment of the tonsil,
Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mikko Järvisalo, Olli Raitakari, Helena Gylling, Tatu A. Miettinen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The levels of the surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption (cholestanol and plant sterols) and synthesis (cholesterol precursors) in serum have suggested that in adult type 1 diabetes, cholesterol absorption is high and synthesis is low compared with type 2 diabetic or control subjects. Accordingly, these findings were further studied in children with type 1 diabetes.Forty-eight children with diabetes were compared with 79 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The serum ratios of cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers were measured with gas-liquid chromatography. The study population was divided into triads (combining the two lowest triads) by serum cholestanol ratios of the control subjects indicating low to high cholesterol absorption efficiency.The ratios of the absorption and synthesis markers were similar in case and control subjects, and they were negatively related to each other in control subjects, being less consistent in diabetic patients. Thus, high cholesterol absorption was associated with low synthesis. Plant sterol ratios increased significantly with increasing cholestanol triads in both groups, but the values in the lowest triads were higher in case versus control subjects.Homeostasis between cholesterol absorption and synthesis is maintained in control children and somewhat less consistently in those with diabetes. The higher plant sterol ratios in diabetic versus control subjects in the lowest cholestanol triads suggest that cholesterol absorption is higher in children with diabetes versus control subjects but only within the range of low cholesterol absorption.
Relation of blood pressure and atherosclerosis risk factors with thoracic aortic dimensions: a population-based transesophageal echocardiographic study
Authors: Yoram Agmon, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Irene Meissner, Gary L. Schwartz, JoRean D. Sicks, Angela Fought, W.M. O'Fallon, David O. Wiebers, James B. Seward, A.J. Tajik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)