tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lead Poisoning Due to Hai Ge Fen-Reply
Authors: Steven B. Markowitz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —We appreciate the thoughtful reading given by Dr Hill and Ms Hill to our article describing a case of lead poisoning in a man who drank lead-contaminated tea made from a Chinese herbal mixture that containedhai ge fen. Certainly, the use of lead in antifouling paint applied to the bottom of ships could result in contamination of sea animals that ingest such paint. However, we believe it is unlikely that sea urchins were the source of lead for our patient.  One of us (A.K.L.) consulted with herbalists at two large Chinese herbal shops in Chinatown in New York City and examined a number of texts in Chinese herbal medicines, including the popularCommonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine Handbook, edited by Ding Hui Xiao.1None of these sources knew or referred to the use or recommended medicinal use of powder made from the outer covering of sea
Project Responsibility in Oklahoma
Authors: Thomas C. Points
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The public looks on medical care as a right and not a privilege. Available medical and health services are as essential to living in the semiisolated rural areas as they are in the large urban areas. Although families in rural communities want, need, and expect to have health services available within a reasonable measure of time and distance, we have found many communities and even large areas in Oklahoma where there are no medical doctors. All evidence indicates the same to be true for many other, if not most, states.<sup>1</sup>Why? The answer is complex, but some reasons are obvious. <h3>Physician Dissatisfaction</h3> Twenty years ago, almost every family had access to a family doctor who was revered as an individual. Then came astonishing medical scientific advances, specialization, industrialization, a shift of the young from rural to urban living, more and larger hospitals and medical centers, better roads and transportation,
Gallium Scanning in Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis
Authors: Shih-Chuan Tsai, Tsung-Huai Kuo, Chien-Long Kuo, Hua-Tzu Huang, Wen-Pei Lin, Khee-Siang Chan, Hurng-Sheng Wu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 48-year-old woman was seen with progressive shortness of breath, cough with greenish sputum, generalized malaise and weight loss for 2 months. There was leukocytosis, but she was afebrile. Chest radiography revealed bilateral alveolar infiltrates. Ga-67 scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the lungs. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest suggested the presence of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). The histopathologic diagnosis was PAP. PAP is a rare disease associated with lipid accumulation and macrophage dysfunction. The use of Ga-67 scintigraphy in the diagnosis of PAP was unusual. The case report alerts us that PAP is rare but shows increased Ga-67 accumulation in the lungs.
Longitudinal Pigmentation of the Nails in Addison's Disease
Authors: C. F. Allenby, P. H. Snell
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Carbenoxolone-Mohamed et al. BRmSH order of 1,500 mEq-that is, more than half the total exchange- able body potassium.At no time was there any weight gain or elevation of the blood-pressure.Complete reliance on these two parameters is accordingly unwise, as severe hypokalaemia may occur in their absence, and prophylactic use of a thiazide (B.M.7., 1964) to safeguard against the potential risks of fluid
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage into the Left Innominate Vein Associated with Transposition of the Great Vessels
Authors: WILLIAM WHITAKER, DAVID A. WATSON, PHILIP G. KEATES
Journal: Circulation (1964)

The diagnosis of a patient with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the left innominate vein associated with transposition of the great vessels is described. It is suggested that the characteristic "cottage-loaf" cardiovascular shadow is absent because transposition of the great vessels leads to pulmonary oligemia, in contrast with the increased pulmonary blood flow that is present when the great vessels are not transposed with this type of abnormal pulmonary venous drainage.
PREDICTORS OF PERIOPERATIVE RISK IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Tomoko Tani, Takeshi Kitai, Yuya Ide, Toshiaki Toyoda, Satoshi Honda, Tomohiro Nishino, Shunsuke Funakoshi, Noriyuki Kimura, Kite Kim, Atsushi Kobori, Makoto Kinoshita, Natsuhiko Ehara, Shuichiro Kaji, Atsushi Yamamuro, Shigefumi Morioka, Yukikatsu Okada, Toru Kita, Yutaka Furukawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
225 THE PROTEIN FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY REFLECTS LIVER FUNCTION AND DETECTS CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: M.J. Nielsen, D.J. Leeming, M.A. Karsdal, J. Trebicka, I. Byrjalsen, F. Bendtsen, S. Moller, A. Krag
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Public Beliefs About Causes and Prevention of Heart Attacks
Authors: Richard B. Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Interviews with a probability sample of 617 adults in the Chicago area indicated widespread lack of information about major probable causes of heart attacks in persons younger than 60 years: 28% named cigarette smoking, 21% named high blood pressure, and 13% named cholesterol or fat in the diet or blood. Half did not name any of these risk factors, and only 1% named all three. Although three fourths believed that heart attacks are preventable, few named specific behaviors that would effectively reduce risk factors other than smoking. Sustained community-wide educational programs about reducing coronary risk factors are clearly needed and can be effective.
Does nifedipine ameliorate cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity?
Authors: J Feehally, J Walls, N Mistry, T Horsburgh, J Taylor, P S Veitch, P R Bell
Journal: BMJ (1987)

by no longer screening patients in these two categories.Our results, however, question the validity of screening to protect dentists.A more logical approach would be to encourage vaccination of all staff at risk of infection with HBV at the earliest possible opportunity and to assume that all patients are a potential source of infection.We have recently adopted this policy.
Sex Differences in Thoracic Dimensions and Configuration
Authors: François Bellemare, Alphonse Jeanneret, Jacques Couture
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

The volume of adult female lungs is typically 10–12% smaller than that of males who have the same height and age. In this study, we investigated how this volume difference is distributed between the rib cage and the diaphragm abdomen compartments. Internal rib cage dimensions, diaphragm position relative to spine, and diaphragm length were compared in 21 normal male and 19 normal female subjects at three different lung volumes using anterior–posterior and lateral chest radiographs. At all lung volumes examined, females had smaller radial rib cage dimensions in relationship to height than males, a greater inclination of ribs, a comparable diaphragm dome position relative to the spine, and a shorter diaphragm length. Female subjects exhibited a greater inspiratory rib cage muscle contribution during resting breathing than males, presumably reflecting an improved mechanical advantage conferred to these muscles by the greater inclination of ribs. Because of a greater inclination of ribs, female rib cages could accommodate a greater volume expansion. The results suggest a disproportionate growth of the rib cage in females relative to the lung, which would be well suited to accommodate large abdominal volume displacements as in pregnancy.
A Capabilities Approach to Person-Centered Care: Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Treating Patients as Persons: A Capabilities Approach to Support Delivery of Person-Centered Care”
Authors: Vikki A. Entwistle, Ian S. Watt
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

A capabilities approach to person-centered care: response to Open Peer Commentaries Our suggestion that the aspects of healthcare quality associated with 'person-centered care' can be understood as a matter of health services and staff recognising and cultivating a subset of capabilities that we called 'person-al'(Entwistle and Watt 2013) attracted a diverse set of open peer commentaries.Taken together, we think these commentaries highlight the strong potential of the guiding idea to illuminate and help address a range of issues of ethical concern across diverse healthcare domains.They also offer some helpful suggestions for the further development and investigation of applications of capabilities thinking in relation to person-centered care and healthcare delivery more generally.Several commentaries identify specific concerns about, and challenges for, our approach.Some of the concerns rely on interpretations of our position that we do not share.They prompt us to try to clarify some key points before responding briefly to some of the suggestions about additional implications and applications.
Hepatic Dysfunction in Heroin Addicts
Authors: Barry Stimmel
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Hepatic dysfunction in 46 heroin users who were admitted to a methadone maintenance program (MMP) was evaluated over a period of one year with the use of conventional liver-function tests, radioimmunoassay of hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA) and antibody (HAA-AB), and biopsy of the liver. On admission, 21 patients (44%) had significant titers of HAA or HAA-AB. Fourteen of the remaining 25 patients with negative results of HAA and HAA-AB assay had persistently abnormal results for liver-function tests. Liver biopsies in ten of 12 of these patients showed histological evidence of alcoholic liver disease. Eight-five percent of patients entering the MMP gave a history of high alcohol consumption while taking heroin. The high frequency of an alcoholic history among the heroin users studied and the finding of histological evidence of alcoholic liver injury indicate that alcohol may play a significant role in the cause of chronic liver disease seen in drug addicts.
Connective tissue growth factor with a novel fibronectin binding site promotes cell adhesion and migration during rat oval cell activation
Authors: Liya Pi, Xiaodong Ding, Marda Jorgensen, Jen-Jung Pan, Seh-Hoon Oh, Dana Pintilie, Alicia Brown, Wen-Yuan Song, Bryon E. Petersen
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Oval cell activation, as part of the regenerative process after liver injury, involves considerable cell-matrix interaction. The matricellular protein, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), has been shown to be critical for oval cell activation during liver regeneration following N-2-acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy. To understand the mode of action of CTGF during this process, N-terminal CTGF was used as bait to screen a yeast two-hybrid complementary DNA library specific for regenerating livers with massive oval cell presence. Fibronectin (FN), a prominent component of hepatic extracellular matrix (ECM), was found to specifically bind to a new site on CTGF. In addition to module IV, this study showed that module I of CTGF was sufficient for binding to FN in both solid-phase in vitro binding assays and immunoprecipitation. Immunofluorescent staining revealed a dynamic ECM remodeling characterized by an FN-concentrated provisional matrix during oval cell-aided liver regeneration. Abundant CTGF protein was colocalized with FN in the provisional matrix. When expressed as recombinant proteins and immobilized on plastic surfaces, modules I and IV of CTGF were selectively adhesive to thymus cell antigen 1-positive (Thy1(+)) oval cells, stellate cells, and sinusoidal endothelial cells but not to hepatocytes. The adhesion of these two modules on Thy1(+) oval cells required heparan sulfate proteoglycan and integrin alpha(5)beta(1). Recombinant CTGF promoted an integrin alpha(5)beta(1)-dependent migration but not proliferation on Thy1(+) oval cells.Modules I and IV enabled the linkage of CTGF to FN and activated hepatic cells. Through these bindings, CTGF on the FN-concentrated provisional matrix promoted cell adhesion and migration, thereby facilitating oval cell activation.
Hyperplasia of myocyte nuclei in long-term cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
Authors: G Olivetti, R Ricci, P Anversa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

In contrast to observations made in the human heart, hyperplasia of myocyte nuclei has never been demonstrated in experimental cardiac hypertrophy. To test the hypothesis that the duration of the mechanical load more than the magnitude of ventricular hypertrophy may be the inciting stimulus for myocyte nuclei hyperplasia, constriction of the pulmonary artery was produced in rats and the hearts were examined 6 mo later. A 76% increase in right ventricular weight was measured. This hypertrophic response was accompanied by a 41% increase in the total number of myocyte nuclei in the ventricle. Furthermore, average myocyte cell volume per nucleus increased by 28%. No changes in weight, myocyte size, and nuclear number were observed in the left ventricle. In conclusion, myocyte nuclear hyperplasia and cellular hypertrophy both participate to the adaptive response of the right ventricular myocardium in long-standing pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy.
Resistance of Melanesian elliptocytes (ovalocytes) to invasion by Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in vitro.
Authors: T Hadley, A Saul, G Lamont, D E Hudson, L H Miller, C Kidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Erythrocytes from humans with Melanesian elliptocytosis are resistant to invasion by Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and epidemiological evidence suggests they may be resistant to P. vivax and P. malariae. We have examined the ability of P. knowlesi merozoites to invade Melanesian elliptocytes in vitro as a definitive means of examining these cells for resistance to invasion by malarial species with different receptor requirements. The Melanesian elliptocytes were highly resistant to invasion by P. knowlesi merozoites showing that the resistance associated with this erythrocyte variant lies at a level common to the invasion pathway(s) of P. falciparum and P. knowlesi. This makes Melanesian elliptocytosis unique as no other human erythrocyte variant has been shown to be resistant to invasion by both species.
A Pathologist's Point of View
Authors: William Jacobson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  I read the COMMENTARY A Radiologist's Point of View by Marc J. Homer, MD (1981; 246:2581), and as a practicing pathologist in a busy community hospital I certainly share all of the problems and frustrations that he outlined. For example, a survey of one day's surgical tissue requisitions showed 61% without any preoperative or postoperative diagnoses.  It is particularly frustrating to receive a specimen that has little useful clinical information. In many instances, the pathologist's examination is dictated by a knowledge of the clinical problem. Although examples to support this abound, one that highlights this issue quite well is related to the examination of a uterus. For nonneoplastic conditions the gross examination begins by taking a section from each cervical lip; however, in a case of suspected cervical in situ squamous carcinoma this is inadequate because the extent of the lesion would remain undetermined. Without knowing the
Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Michael P. Carson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters17 March 2015Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus InfectionMichael P. Carson, MDMichael P. Carson, MDFrom Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5064-3 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Kottilil and colleagues' article (1) with great interest. This comment is to generate thought, not simply to be contrary. I have my clinical niche and certainly encourage other internists to aggressively pursue their interests, including HCV infection. I enjoy the opportunities to quarterback for complex cases. My concern, to use 1 example, is that private insurers, Medicare, accountable care organizations, and patient-centered medical home initiatives expect internists to act as data clerks for every aspect of care for patients with a diabetes code in the electronic health record. I am faulted when the patient has ...Reference1. Kottilil S, Wright M, Polis MA, Masur H. Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection: is it time for the internist to take the reins? Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:443-4. [PMID: 25222390] doi:10.7326/M14-0741 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOf InterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0549. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Is It Time for the Internist to Take the Reins? Shyam Kottilil , Mary Wright , Michael A. Polis , and Henry Masur Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Is It Time for the Internist to Take the Reins? Shyam Kottilil , Mary Wright , Michael A. Polis , and Henry Masur Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Donald Venes Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Neeral L. Shah , Virginia Kelly , and Stephen H. Caldwell Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Shyam Kottilil , Mary Wright , Michael A. Polis , and Henry Masur Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Donald Venes Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Shyam Kottilil , Mary Wright , Michael A. Polis , and Henry Masur Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Neeral L. Shah , Virginia Kelly , and Stephen H. Caldwell Metrics 17 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 6Page: 458-459KeywordsConflicts of interestDiabetes mellitusDisclosureElectronic medical recordsHealth care quality assessmentHepatitis C virusInfectious hepatitisMedicarePatientsSub-specialty care ePublished: 17 March 2015 Issue Published: 17 March 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
FDA Guidance Document on Monitoring Delayed Adverse Events a Good First Start
Authors: David A. Williams
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Investigators planning or performing human trials involving gene transfer methodologies should be aware of and may want to provide comments to the FDA on a recent draft document entitled "Gene Therapy Clinical Trials—Observing Participants for Delayed Adverse Events." The document was generated by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research of the FDA (http://www.fda.gov/cber/guidelines.htm). In this draft document, the FDA is recommending: i) the development of methods to perform preclinical studies and a framework for assessing available data to evaluate the risk of gene therapy-related adverse events following exposure to gene therapy products; ii) guidance for determining the likelihood that long-term follow-up observations on study participants will provide scientifically meaningful information; and iii) specific advice regarding the duration and design of long-term follow-up observations.
Landscape of genetic lesions in 944 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: T Haferlach, Y Nagata, V Grossmann, Y Okuno, U Bacher, G Nagae, S Schnittger, M Sanada, A Kon, T Alpermann, K Yoshida, A Roller, N Nadarajah, Y Shiraishi, Y Shiozawa, K Chiba, H Tanaka, H P Koeffler, H-U Klein, M Dugas, H Aburatani, A Kohlmann, S Miyano, C Haferlach, W Kern, S Ogawa
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

High-throughput DNA sequencing significantly contributed to diagnosis and prognostication in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We determined the biological and prognostic significance of genetic aberrations in MDS. In total, 944 patients with various MDS subtypes were screened for known/putative mutations/deletions in 104 genes using targeted deep sequencing and array-based genomic hybridization. In total, 845/944 patients (89.5%) harbored at least one mutation (median, 3 per patient; range, 0-12). Forty-seven genes were significantly mutated with TET2, SF3B1, ASXL1, SRSF2, DNMT3A, and RUNX1 mutated in >10% of cases. Many mutations were associated with higher risk groups and/or blast elevation. Survival was investigated in 875 patients. By univariate analysis, 25/48 genes (resulting from 47 genes tested significantly plus PRPF8) affected survival (P<0.05). The status of 14 genes combined with conventional factors revealed a novel prognostic model ('Model-1') separating patients into four risk groups ('low', 'intermediate', 'high', 'very high risk') with 3-year survival of 95.2, 69.3, 32.8, and 5.3% (P<0.001). Subsequently, a 'gene-only model' ('Model-2') was constructed based on 14 genes also yielding four significant risk groups (P<0.001). Both models were reproducible in the validation cohort (n=175 patients; P<0.001 each). Thus, large-scale genetic and molecular profiling of multiple target genes is invaluable for subclassification and prognostication in MDS patients.
TNF-? regulates mouse fetal hepatic maturation induced by oncostatin M and extracellular matrices
Authors: Akihide Kamiya, Frank J. Gonzalez
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Fetal hepatic maturation consists of multisteps and is regulated by several cytokines and cell-cell or cell-matrices interactions. In the mid-to-late fetal stage, hepatocytes have few metabolic functions associated with adult liver homeostasis. Cultured fetal hepatocytes acquire the expression of several mature liver-specific genes through stimulation with hepatic maturation factor oncostatin M (OSM) and matrigel. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) regulates fetal hepatic maturation stimulated by OSM and matrigel. TNFα suppressed expression of mature liver-specific genes such as tyrosine aminotransferase and apolipoproteins. In addition, the expression of hematopoietic cytokines and cyclin A2, repressed by OSM and matrigel, is induced by TNFα in the fetal hepatic cultures coincident with cell division. TNFα inhibited the induction of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α induced by OSM and matrigel, suggesting that down-regulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α expression is involved in the mechanism of suppression of hepatic maturation by TNFα. Interestingly, TNFα is expressed in the prenatal and postnatal liver but not in adult liver, whereas TNFR1, a TNFα receptor, is expressed in both fetal and adult livers. In conclusion , TNFα is a suppressive factor of hepatic maturation. The balance between hepatic maturation factor (OSM and extracellular matrices) and TNFα is important for liver development. (Hepatology 2004;40:527-536.)
Cancer Among Nuclear Test Participants
Authors: Ludwik Gross
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It was reported by Caldwell and colleagues<sup>1</sup>that participants in military maneuvers during a 1957 nuclear test "Smoky" had an unusually high incidence of leukemia. The significance and implications of this report have been presumably diminished by a more recent follow-up study<sup>2</sup>reporting that during a period of 22 years there has been no significant increase in other forms of cancers among "Smoky" participants; on this new revised basis, a causal relation between radiation exposure and the high incidence of leukemia was questioned, since it was assumed that not only leukemia but other tumors also would have developed in members of that particular group, if radiation exposure was the principal causative factor. This interpretation is not consistent with results of experimental studies carried out on animals. The incidence of leukemia in certain strains of mice can be increased significantly by exposure of such animals to total-body