tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased type I collagen degradation correlates with disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M Hakala, L Risteli, J Manelius, P Nieminen, J Risteli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

To assess the extent and clinical significance of type I collagen degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum samples from 90 consecutive patients with RA from a cross-sectional population based study and 90 age- and sex-matched controls were analysed with the new assay of cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). Patients with RA had significantly higher concentrations of ICTP than the controls. ICTP correlated strongly with measures of impairment in RA, such as the erosive state of joint disease (ES) (r = 0.57, p < 0.001) and Keitel function test (KFT) (r = 0.49, p < 0.001), and more weakly with various disease activity markers. When erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ES or KFT were used as indicators of disease severity among the patients with disease duration over five years, ICTP distinguished the more serious RA from milder cases. Elevated serum concentrations of ICTP are common in RA and are associated with signs of aggressive disease.
Population based cohort study of the association between alcohol intake and cancer of the upper digestive tract
Authors: M. Gronbak, U. Becker, D. Johansen, H. Tonnesen, G. Jensen, T. I A Sorensen
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Objective: To examine the relation between different types of alcoholic drinks and upper digestive tract cancers (oropharyngeal and oesophageal). Design: Population based study with baseline assessment of intake of beer, wine, and spirits, smoking habits, educational level, and 2-19 years' follow up on risk of upper digestive tract cancer. Setting: Denmark. Subjects: 15 117 men and 13 063 women aged 20 to 98 years. Main outcome measure: Number and time of identification of incident upper digestive tract cancer during follow up. Results: During a mean follow up of 13.5 years, 156 subjects developed upper digestive tract cancer. Compared with non-drinkers (drinkers of <1 drink/week), subjects who drank 7-21 beers or spirits a week but no wine were at a risk of 3.0 (95% confidence interval 1.5 to 6.1), whereas those who had the same total alcohol intake but with wine as 30% of their intake had a risk of 0.5 (0.2 to 1.4). Drinkers of >21 beers and spirits but no wine had a relative risk of 5.2 (2.7 to 10.2) compared with non-drinkers, whereas those who drank the same amount, but included wine in their alcohol intake, had a relative risk of 1.7 (0.6 to 4.4). Conclusion: A moderate intake of wine probably does not increase the risk of upper digestive tract cancer, whereas a moderate intake of beer or spirits increases the risk considerably.
THE BACTERICIDAL ACTION OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL VAPOR ON MICROORGANISMS SUSPENDED IN AIR
Authors: Theodore T. Puck, O. H. Robertson, Henry M. Lemon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1943)

A study of the conditions which affect the bactericidal action of propylene glycol vapor on air-suspended microorganisms has been carried out. The killing process was found to be more effective when both the total number of air-borne droplets and the number of organisms in the bacterial suspension are small. A temperature below 80 degrees F. and an atmospheric relative humidity between 45 and 70 per cent were found to constitute the most favorable conditions for the lethal action of the vapor. Experiments were performed to test the bactericidal efficiency of propylene glycol vapor in both small and large enclosed spaces. These studies revealed that equally marked bactericidal action is obtained when propylene glycol is dispersed in an 800 cubic foot room as occurs in chambers of 2 cubic foot capacity. The susceptibility to vapor action of bacteria re-suspended in saliva was just as great as when broth was used as the suspending medium. Both partially and completely dehydrated bacteria also succumbed to the effects of the vapor. However, when unsterile dust collected from inhabited rooms was dispersed into the air, little reduction of the natural microbic population contained in this material was observed. Data are presented showing the minimum glycol concentration necessary for effective bactericidal action on various microorganisms. Pneumococci were killed by amounts of propylene glycol as low as 1 gm. in 20 million cc. of air. Concentrations of 1 to 5 million to 1 to 10 million were required to produce the same degree of killing of streptococci and staphylococci. The observations here reported add further support to the previously proposed conception of the mechanism of the lethal action of propylene glycol vapor, namely, that a bactericidal concentration of the glycol accumulates in the bacterial droplet as a result of contact with and absorption of glycol molecules from the surrounding atmosphere.
Kinetics of hepatitis B surface antigen loss in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
Authors: Patrick Marcellin, Maria Buti, Zahari Krastev, Robert A. de Man, Stefan Zeuzem, Lillian Lou, Anuj Gaggar, John F. Flaherty, Benedetta Massetto, Lanjia Lin, Phillip Dinh, G. Mani Subramanian, John G. McHutchison, Robert Flisiak, Selim Gurel, Geoffrey M. Dusheiko, E. Jenny Heathcote
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
1.63 IL-7 drives the tissue architecture of the RA synovium providing a niche for B-cells to mature
Authors: Sarah M Churchman, Jehan El-Jawhari, Vincent Goeb, Ed Vital, Yasser El-Sherbini, Philip G Conaghan, Paul Emery, Frederique Ponchel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> RA is a very heterogeneous disease, recently highlighted by distinct differences in the genetic contribution to APCA(+) and ACAP(–) disease suggesting two divergent pathogenic models, with different rates of progression and response to treatment. Synovial tissue studies showed that the cellular composition of synovial membrane is relatively consistent however the size of the inflammatory cell infiltrate is variable in direct relation to local levels of inflammation and sometimes highly organised with germinal centre like structures (GCL). The role of IL-7 as an essential factor in tissue organisation has recently been recognised and we hypothesize that the synovial tissue architecture (TA) may be driven by IL-7 expression in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Synovial tissue biopsies were obtained during arthroscopy (n = 93, distributed between studies). Histology, IHC and two TaqMan gene-arrays were used. Tissues were classified as diffuse infiltration, aggregates and GCL-structures (defined B and T-cell zones). Clustering was used to analyse gene expression data. <h3>Results</h3> IL-7 was detected with large variation between samples. There was association between% of IL-7(+) cells and local inflammation (n = 30, rho = 0.620, p&lt;0.0001), synovitis score (rho = 0.556, p = 0.001) but only in the sublining layer, as well as with increased TA-complexity (p = 0.001), CD3(+) cells (rho = 0.599, p = 0.002) and CD20(+) (rho = 0.605, p = 0.001) but not with CD68(+) cells. IL-7 gene expression was measured in 29 biopsies. IL-7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in tissue presenting aggregates over diffuse infiltration (p = 0.019) and GCL structure (p = 0.037). A first TaqMan-arrays (48-genes) of 44 RA biopsies generated a 2 groups samples hierarchy clearly associated with TA (p = 0.002) separating genes associated with B-cell biology from those associated with stroma, T cells and macrophages. IL-7 surprisingly clustered with the B-cell-group however its expression was highly correlated with CD4 (rho = 0.520, p&lt;0.0001). A second array (96-genes) of 29 biopsies also showed association with TA (p = 0.032) and clustered B-cell maturation genes (CD80, CD86, CD40L, RAG-1, BLIMP, AIOLOS, XBP-1, all Ig-genes) but not CD19/CD20 therefore suggesting a plasma cell specific signature. CD68 and CD4 were excluded from this gene signature. IL-7 was included in the plasma-cell cluster and was closely associated with CD38 (rho = 0.381, p = 0.042) and CD31 (Rho = 0.381, p = 0.042). A regulatory loop between IL-6/IL-7 was also highlighted by the gene dendrogram. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our data suggest that IL-7 could orchestrate the synovial tissue architecture providing a niche for B-cell maturation. Blocking IL-7 may therefore be of therapeutic value as was recently demonstrated in several animal models of auto-immune diseases.
Radiation Doses Associated With Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Razvan C. Opreanu
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transcriptional characteristics of CD4 T cells in young Tunisian asthmatic children: RORC and FOXP3 axis
Authors: Anissa Berraies, Haifa Maalmi, Ghassen Soussi, Imen Sahnoun, Jamel Ammar, Hanadi Ouali, Kamel Hamzaoui, Agnes Hamzaoui
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder, hypothetically caused by autoreactive Th2 cells, whereas Th1 and regulatory T cells may confer protection. The development of Th subpopulations is dependent on the expression of lineage-specific transcription factors.  This study aimed to assess the balance of CD4(+) T cell populations in asthmatic children.  Peripheral blood mononuclear cells mRNA expression was assessed in 30 asthmatic children. Real-time polymerase chain reaction quantified TBX21, GATA-3, RORC, FOXP3, and EBI3 mRNA expression. Intracellular cytokine expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ in CD4(+) T cells was measured by flow cytometry. IL-6 and IL-17 cytokines were assessed in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.  A significant increase was found in the percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell-producing IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17. A decreased percentage of CD4(+) producing IFN-γ in asthmatic children was found. Expression of GATA-3 (Th2), retinoid-related orphan receptor C (RORC) (Th17), and EBI3 were increased in asthmatic patients compared to healthy controls. Expression of FOXP3 (Treg) and TBX21 (Th1) were decreased (P   Young asthmatics had increased IL-4 production and low IFN-γ synthesis. The increased serum IL-17 and IL-6 levels sustained an inflammatory environment in young asthmatics. This indicates that FOXP3 and RORC mRNA expression could be associated with the sustained inflammatory process, transduced by low immune tolerance by Treg cells.
Mentoring and the meaning of soul
Authors: Christopher C Welch
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2009)

We agree entirely with Richard Smith and colleagues that competing interests beyond the financial are important, and appreciate their contribution to the debate. 1 As we state in our recent editorial, 2 PLoS Medicine takes all potential competing interests seriously.We accept that financial competing interests are easier to define and judge, but our editorial also outlines our position that more leadership and better policy are needed in the area of
Impotence in Progressive Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Richard A. Davidson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1982Impotence in Progressive Systemic SclerosisRICHARD A. DAVIDSON, M.D., M.P.H.RICHARD A. DAVIDSON, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-125_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Lally and Jimenez (1) suggest that impotence may be an early presenting symptom in progressive systemic sclerosis. Unfortunately their evidence for this conclusion is weak.This study was a retrospective evaluation of the clinical records of all the patients in their university setting with the diagnosis of progressive systemic sclerosis. We are told that five patients were identified who had presented with impotence. We are not told the total number of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. As impotence may occur in as many as 6% to 10% of a medical outpatient population (2), the denominator should be...References1. LALLYJIMENEZ ES. Impotence in progressive systemic sclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:150-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SACKNOFF E. Medical evaluation of male sexual dysfunction. Primary Care Medicine, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co.; 1981:509. Google Scholar3. SHROMLIEFWEIN SHA. Clinical profile of experience with 130 consecutive cases of impotent men. Urology. 1979;13:511-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WASSERMANPOLLAKSPIELMANWEITZMAN MCAE. The differential diagnosis of impotence: the measurement of noctumal penile tumescence. Google Scholar1. LALLYJIMENEZ ES. Impotence in progressive systemic sclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:150-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MARMOR J. Impotence and ejaculatory disturbances. In: FREEDMAN AM, KAPLAN HI, SADOCK BJ, eds. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co.;1975:1525. Google Scholar3. SPARKWHITECONNOLLY RRR. Impotence is not always psychogenic. JAMA. 1980;243:750-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySystemic Sclerosis and Impotence: A Clinicopathological CorrelationGenital tract abnormalities and female sexual function impairment in systemic sclerosisProgressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) and impotenceImpotence in sclerodermaImpotence in silicosis-associated sclerodermaScleroderma and scleroderma-like disorders 1 January 1982Volume 96, Issue 1Page: 125-126KeywordsErectile dysfunctionOutpatientsRetrospective studiesScleroderma Issue Published: 1 January 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Surgical Revascularization Is Associated With Improved Long-Term Outcomes Compared With Percutaneous Stenting in Most Subgroups of Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Tami L. Bair, Joseph B. Muhlestein, Heidi T. May, Kent G. Meredith, Benjamin D. Horne, Robert R. Pearson, Qunyu Li, Kurt R. Jensen, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Donald L. Lappé
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting (PCI-S) are both safe and effective approaches for revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. However, conflicting information exists when comparing the efficacy of the two methods. In this study, we examined the outcomes of major adverse cardiovascular events and death for subgroups of typical "real-world" patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the modern era.Patients were included if they were revascularized by CABG or PCI-S, had > or = 5 years of follow-up, and had > or = 2-vessel disease. Patients were followed for an average of 7.0+/-3.2 years for incidence of death and major adverse cardiovascular events (death, myocardial infarction, or repeat revascularization). Multivariate regression models were used to correct for standard cardiac risk factors including age, sex, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary artery disease, smoking, hypertension, heart failure, and renal failure. Subgroup analyses were also performed, stratified by age, sex, diabetes, ejection fraction, and history of PCI-S, CABG, or myocardial infarction. A total of 6369 patients (CABG 4581; PCI-S 1788) were included. Age averaged 66+/-10.9 years, 76% were male, and 26% were diabetic. Multivariate risk favored CABG over PCI-S for both death (hazard ratio 0.85; P=0.001) and major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 0.51; P<0.0001). A similar advantage with CABG was also found in most substrata, including diabetes.In this large observational study of patients undergoing revascularization for multivessel coronary artery disease, a long-term benefit was found, in relationship to both death and major adverse cardiovascular events, for CABG over PCI-S regardless of diabetic status or other stratifications.
Mechanical stress activates protein kinase cascade of phosphorylation in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.
Authors: T Yamazaki, I Komuro, S Kudoh, Y Zou, I Shiojima, T Mizuno, H Takano, Y Hiroi, K Ueki, K Tobe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We have previously shown that stretching cardiac myocytes evokes activation of protein kinase C (PKC), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and 90-kD ribosomal S6 kinase (p90rsk). To clarify the signal transduction pathways from external mechanical stress to nuclear gene expression in stretch-induced cardiac hypertrophy, we have elucidated protein kinase cascade of phosphorylation by examining the time course of activation of MAP kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs), MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), MAPKs, and p90rsk in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Mechanical stretch transiently increased the activity of MAPKKKs. An increase in MAPKKKs activity was first detected at 1 min and maximal activation was observed at 2 min after stretch. The activity of MAPKK was increased by stretch from 1-2 min, with a peak at 5 min after stretch. In addition, MAPKs and p90rsk were maximally activated at 8 min and at 10 approximately 30 min after stretch, respectively. Raf-1 kinase (Raf-1) and (MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase) kinase kinase (MEKK), both of which have MAPKKK activity, were also activated by stretching cardiac myocytes for 2 min. The angiotensin II receptor antagonist partially suppressed activation of Raf-1 and MAPKs by stretch. The stretch-induced hypertrophic responses such as activation of Raf-1 and MAPKs and an increase in amino acid uptake was partially dependent on PKC, while a PKC inhibitor completely abolished MAPK activation by angiotensin II. These results suggest that mechanical stress activates the protein kinase cascade of phosphorylation in cardiac myocytes in the order of Raf-1 and MEKK, MAPKK, MAPKs and p90rsk, and that angiotensin II, which may be secreted from stretched myocytes, may be partly involved in stretch-induced hypertrophic responses by activating PKC.
Abstract 3154: Human plasma, prostate and urine levels of α-, γ-, and Δ-tocopherols and their metabolites before and after supplementation with a γ-tocopherol rich vitamin E mixture
Authors: Susan Goodin, Mao-Jung Lee, Isaak Kim, Robert DiPaola, Chung S. Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In order to determine the blood/tissue levels of tocopherols and their metabolites, we analyzed samples from 5 prostate cancer patients who underwent prostatectomy by HPLC-ECD. These patients had a mean PSA of 6.37 (range 1.99 to 10.54) prior to surgery and a Gleason Score of 7. The plasma α-tocopherol (α-T) levels, 22.02 ± 3.85 μM (mean ± S.D., n = 10), were in the normal range. As expected, the levels of γ-T were lower and those of Δ-T were even lower. The prostate tocopherol levels were 6-14 times lower than plasma levels. Substantial amounts of carboxyethyl hydroxychromans (CEHC) and carboxymethylbutyl hydroxylchromans (CMBHC) were observed in the urine. These metabolites were also found at low levels in the plasma and prostate. In a pilot study, prostate cancer patients received no supplementation or 2 capsules of γ-TMT (a γ-T-rich dietary supplement, containing 128 mg α-T, 200 mg γ-T and 71 mg Δ-T per capsule) daily for 7 or 14 days before prostatectomy. Blood and urine samples were collected from each subject before γ-TMT supplementation and on the day of surgery. The plasma and prostate tocopherol/metabolite levels, especially those from γ-T and Δ-T, were increased in patients who received γ-TMT supplementation (but not in the patients who did not). The effect on the urine levels of tocopherol metabolites was even more evident; high levels of γ- and Δ- forms of CEHCs and CMBHCs were observed in patients who received γ-TMT supplementation. Tocopherols were not excreted in the urine even with supplementation. These results are consistent with our understanding that γ-T and Δ-T are more extensively metabolized than α-T. The rather high CEHC and CMBHC levels in the urine make them useful biomarkers for tocopherol intake and metabolism in future human studies (supported by NIH grants CA120915 and CA133021). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3154. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3154
Role of Experimental Socks in the Care of the High-Risk Diabetic Foot: A multicenter patient evaluation study
Authors: Heather J Murray, Aristids Veves, Matthew J Young, Douglas H Richie, Andrew J M Boulton
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To assess the acceptability of specially designed socks to provide satisfactory pressure relief in the insensitive, high-risk, diabetic foot. We have conducted a longitudinal multicenter patient evaluation study to assess the acceptability of such hosiery in neuropathic diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A group of 86 neuropathic diabetic patients (69 males, 14 with type I diabetes) with a mean age of 63 yr (range 34–85 yr), and a diabetes duration of 16 yr (range 1–45 yr) participated in the study. Peripheral vascular disease was present in 28 (33%) patients, previous foot ulceration in 39 (44%) patients, and active ulceration was present in 11 (13%) patients. All patients were provided with three pairs of specially designed socks and 80 patients with extra-depth shoes. Evaluation and foot examination were performed at 3 and 6 mo. RESULTS Socks were worn for a mean of 6 days/wk (range 1–7 days/wk). Patient satisfaction evaluated at both visits was good or very good in 85%, average in 12%, and poor in 3% of patients. Ten ulcers healed during this period, and seven new ulcers occurred. Intention to continue wearing the socks, most or all of the time, was expressed by 84% of patients. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the experimental socks have a high level of patient satisfaction when worn with suitable shoes, and may be an acceptable and inexpensive addition to existing methods of protecting the high-risk insensitive diabetic foot.