tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predictive capacity of histamine release for the diagnosis of drug allergy
Authors: P Demoly, B Lebel, D Messaad, H Sahla, M Rongier, JP Daurès, P Godard, J Bousquet
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: The diagnosis of immediate allergic reactions to drugs is difficult, requiring in vitro test development. Basophils are likely to be involved in these reactions, and to evaluate the sensitivity, the specificity, and the predictive values of the histamine‐release test, we performed a prospective study in 68 patients tested for suspected drug allergy. Methods: Positive diagnosis was established by history, skin tests, and, if needed, oral provocation tests. Histamine release in the presence of the drug was assessed on heparinized whole blood by enzyme immunoassay (Immunotech, France), and the cutoff value was set at 5% of total histamine content. Spontaneous and anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release was also studied in all subjects. Results: All patients presented to our clinic with reactions ranging from maculopapular exanthema to anaphylactic shock. Thirty‐five patients had proven drug allergy; 33 were not allergic to drugs and served as a control group together with 40 other subjects with no history of drug allergy. Net histamine release was positive in 18/35 allergics and 27/73 nonallergics, giving poor sensitivity (51.4%), specificity (63.0%), and positive predictive value (29.3%), but valuable negative predictive value (81.1%). Conclusions: The usefulness of the in vitro histamine‐release test for the diagnosis of drug allergy appears to be insufficient.
Epratuzumab affects B cells trafficking in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: C. Daridon, D. Blassfeld, K. Reiter, H. E. Mei, C. Giesecke, D. M. Goldenberg, A. Hansen, A. Hostmann, D. Frolich, T. Dorner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Background Epratuzumab, a humanised anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody, is under investigation as a therapeutic antibody in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but its mechanism of action on B cells remains elusive. Treatment of SLE patients with epratuzumab leads to a reduction of circulating CD27negative B cells, although epratuzumab is weakly cytotoxic to B cells in vitro. Therefore, potential effects of epratuzumab on adhesion molecule expression and the migration of B cells have been evaluated. Methods Epratuzumab binding specificity and the surface expression of adhesion molecules (CD62L, β7 integrin and β1 integrin) after culture with epratuzumab was studied on B cell subsets of SLE patients by flow cytometry. In addition, in vitro transwell migration assays were performed to analyse the effects of epratuzumab on migration towards different chemokines such as CXCL12, CXCL13 or to CXCR3 ligands, and to assess the functional consequences of altered adhesion molecule expression. Results Epratuzumab binding was considerably higher on B cells relative to other cell types assessed. No binding of epratuzumab was observed on T cells, while weak non-specific binding of epratuzumab on monocytes was noted. On B cells, binding of epratuzumab was particularly enhanced on CD27negative B cells compared to CD27positive B cells, primarily related to a higher expression of CD22 on CD27negative B cells. Moreover, epratuzumab binding led to a decrease in the cell surface expression of CD62L and β7 integrin, while the expression of β1 integrin was enhanced. The effects on the pattern of adhesion molecule expression observed with epratuzumab were principally confined to a fraction of the CD27negative B cell subpopulation and were associated with enhanced spontaneous migration of B cells. Furthermore, epratuzumab also enhanced the migration of CD27negative B cells towards the chemokine CXCL12. Conclusions The current data suggest that epratuzumab has effects on the expression of the adhesion molecules CD62L, β7 integrin and β1 integrin as well as on migration towards CXCL12, primarily of CD27negative B cells. Therefore, induced changes in migration appear to be part of the mechanism of action of epratuzumab and are consistent with the observation that CD27negative B cells are preferentially removed from the peripheral blood under treatment.
Pulmonary noradrenergic innervation of rat and monkey: a comparative study
Authors: A.-W. I. El-Bermani
Journal: Thorax (1978)

<b>El-Bermani, Al-Walid I. (1978).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>33</b>, 167-174. <b>Pulmonary noradrenergic innervation of rat and monkey: a comparative study.</b> The noradrenergic innervation of rat and monkey lungs was studied using the fluorescence histochemical method for norepinephrine of Falck (1962). In both species the noradrenergic nerves enter the lung at the hilum in association with the bronchial arteries. Major differences were noted in the distribution and pattern of these nerves, the most important of which are as follows: (1) Noradrenergic nerves have terminal varicosities in all divisions of the rat bronchial artery but are varicose in only the medium and small bronchial arteries of the monkey. (2) Noradrenergic terminals (varicosities) are in direct association with the bronchial smooth muscle in the monkey, but in the rat most of the noradrenergic nerves pass through the smooth muscle layer without forming terminal varicosities. Smooth muscle noradrenergic innervation is seen only at bifurcation points. (3) In the monkey pulmonary artery, noradrenergic terminals are restricted to the adventitio-medial junction while they appear in the media of the rat pulmonary artery. (4) Noradrenergic terminals are present in <i>all</i> pulmonary vein divisions of the monkey whereas in the rat the large pulmonary veins lack noradrenergic nerves. Both rat and monkey bronchial arteries and pulmonary veins were found to have adrenergic terminal varicosities deep in the medial layer. The rat pulmonary artery also has such medial terminations. In both species there is a preponderance of noradrenergic terminals in the vasa vasorum, and we think that this may be important in regulating the delivery of humoral substances to vascular walls.
Sleep, Scratching and Dreams in Eczema
Authors: Digby Tantam, Ross Kalucy, Dennis G. Brown
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

6 patients with itching due to skin disorder and 6 student controls were studied in the sleep laboratory. It was found that some of the patients had personality characteristics consistent with Sifneos' concept of alexithymia and that these were associated with a trend towards less REM sleep and with a significant lack of involvement in dreams collected under standardised sleep laboratory conditions. It is suggested that dreams collection in a sleep laboratory may be a valuable new method in the study of the link between emotional life and psychosomatic disorders.
Isotretinoin in the treatment of systemic sclerosis
Authors: P.D.L. MAURICE, C.B. BUNKER, PAULINE M. DOWD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Thirteen patients with systemic sclerosis were treated with isotretinoin. Nine patients completed between 6 and 14 months of treatment and all showed an improvement in the cutaneous manifestations of their disease. The drug did not appear to benefit internal organs affected by the disease. Most patients experienced the well-recognized side-effects of retinoids, which in three cases necessitated withdrawal from the study within 3 months. Serum levels of type III procollagen aminopropeptide did not show a consistent decline during treatment, despite a clinical improvement. The mode of action of the reported therapeutic effect of isotretinoin in systemic sclerosis is unclear. There may be a preferential suppression of the synthesis of type I collagen, or the drug may be acting by an unrelated mechanism.
Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose
Authors: David A. Frommer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Significant advances in diagnosis and management of tricyclic antidepressant overdose have occurred in recent years. This article reviews epidemiologic, pharmacologic, and therapeutic information to provide a systematic approach to these potentially life-threatening overdoses. The tricyclics are discussed as a group, with individual drugs specified when established differences exist. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:521-526)
FEVER OF HODGKIN'S DISEASE.
Authors: CARL C. WARDEN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The "Note on the Fever of Hodgkin's Disease," by Dr. J. H. Musser,<sup>1</sup>has led me to report a case that, while it does not conform rigidly to a definite type of Rückfall fever, presents many characteristic points. The case is that of a lady, 30 years of age, married, mother of three healthy children. Up to the present illness she had enjoyed good health. Her family history was negative. In the fall of 1898 she complained of weakness, malaise and swelling of the cervical glands. She was treated for malaria and spent the winter of 1898-9 in Florida. She stated that she had fever "off and on." Early in 1899 she had a febrile attack that persisted for some weeks. During that time the cervical glands on the left side and the inguinal glands on both sides became enlarged and tender. Upon absidence of the fever the glands
Reply to M.S. Aapro
Authors: Alison T. Stopeck, Allan Lipton, Jean-Jacques Body, Guenther G. Steger, Katia Tonkin, Richard H. de Boer, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Denise A. Yardley, María Viniegra, Michelle Fan, Qi Jiang, Roger Dansey, Susie Jun, Ada Braun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
Legal Abortion in Czechoslovakia
Authors: Věra Kőlblová
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We read "Therapeutic Abortion Law Confusion" by J. M. Kummer, MD and Z. Leavy, LLB, with great interest. We would like to remark upon the problem of legal termination of pregnancies in our country. In 1957, Law No. 68 was passed in Czechoslovakia. According to this law, a pregnancy can be terminated, not only for medical reasons (as in 10% of the cases) when the pregnancy is dangerous from the point of view of health, but also for other reasons (the remaining 90%). These latter include the woman's age, if she already has a large family, if she becomes a widow, the breaking up the family, and the difficult situation of the unmarried woman. Applications for the termination of pregnancy are dealt with by a commission,consisting of three people, one gynecologist and two lay women. The members of the commission not only judge the reasons
New Efforts to Keep Adolescents Tobacco-Free
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

EFFORTS to discourage young people from taking up smoking are about to get a major impetus. A new organization, the Center for Tobacco-Free Kids, is being formed to focus its energies on changing the social environment and to attempt to influence public policies regarding the use of tobacco by teens. "We expect to be fully operational by June," said Matthew Myers, a Washington, DC, lawyer and well-known antitobacco activist, who will be the group's executive vice president. "We will work nationwide with a broad range of health education and community organizations to develop and implement antitobacco strategies at all levels of government." The new center will be headed by William Novelli, of the public relations firm of Porter, Novelli, who will oversee its media and communications efforts. In the past, the firm has conducted educational campaigns for such groups as the National Cancer Institute and National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Antiangiogenic Treatment Effects in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Maximilian Merz, Judith Ritsch, Christina Kunz, Barbara Wagner, Sandra Sauer, Dirk Hose, Thomas Moehler, Stefan Delorme, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Christian Zechmann, Jens Hillengass
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

To noninvasively assess bone marrow microcirculation before and after therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).Ninety-six patients received DCE-MRI before and after primary treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. For the 91 evaluable patients, treatment consisted of high-dose therapy (HDT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in 82 patients and chemotherapy without ASCT in 9 patients. In addition, 33 healthy volunteers were imaged as the control group. Analysis of DCE-MRI was performed according to the two-compartment model by Brix to quantify amplitude A (associated with blood volume) and exchange rate constant kep (reflecting vessel permeability and perfusion).Nonresponders showed significantly higher A-values before the start of therapy compared with responders (P = 0.02). In both responders and nonresponders to therapy, A-values dropped significantly (P = 0.004 and <0.001, respectively) after primary therapy, whereas lower values for kep were found only in responders (P < 0.001). Depth of remission was significantly correlated to decreased bone marrow microcirculation: Patients in near complete response (nCR) or complete remission (CR) after treatment showed significantly lower values for A compared with patients not achieving nCR+CR. The application of HDT or novel agents had no significant effect on DCE-MRI parameters after therapy, although patients treated with novel agents more often achieved nCR+CR (42%/12.5%; P < 0.002). Higher kep-values at second MRI were positively correlated to shorter overall survival (HR 3.53; 95% confidence intervals, 1.21-10.33; P = 0.02).Parameters from DCE-MRI are correlated to remission after primary therapy and outcome in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
Recent decisions on informed consent
Authors: J. E. Simonaitis
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Detection of coronary artery stenosis in children with Kawasaki disease. Usefulness of pharmacologic stress 201Tl myocardial tomography.
Authors: C Kondo, M Hiroe, T Nakanishi, A Takao
Journal: Circulation (1989)

This study determined the feasibility and accuracy of quantitative 201Tl myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) after dipyridamole infusion to detect coronary obstructive lesions in children with Kawasaki disease. 201Tl distribution after dipyridamole infusion was measured in 23 normal children, and with these normal values, quantitative analysis of SPECT was performed in 49 patients. Thirty-four patients had coronary stenosis 90% or greater on angiograms. Side effects resulting from systemic vasodilation were observed in about 70%. Angina pectoris and ischemic ST changes were observed only in patients with coronary stenosis. These symptoms disappeared after aminophylline infusion. Results of visual and quantitative analysis of SPECT were compared. SPECT data were shown on two-dimensional polar maps, and the extent and severity scores were calculated. The sensitivity of SPECT for detection of overall coronary stenosis was 91% (visual analysis) and 88% (quantitative analysis). The specificity of SPECT was 60% visually and 93% quantitatively. The sensitivity of quantitative analysis to detect individual coronary stenosis was similar to that of visual analysis. However, the specificity of visual analysis to detect individual coronary artery stenosis was significantly less than that of quantitative analysis. From these data, we conclude that quantitative analysis of myocardial SPECT after dipyridamole infusion is a safe and accurate diagnostic method for identifying coronary stenosis in children with Kawasaki disease.
An abnormality of oestrogen feedback in amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea.
Authors: M R Glass, R W Shaw, W R Butt, R L Edwards, D R London
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Fourteen patients with amenorrhoea and hyperprolactin-anemia but no evidence of pituitary tumours were each given an intramuscular injection of 1 mg oestradiol benzoate. Thirteen patients failed to release luteinizing hormone in response to the oestrogen. This hypothalamic abnormality may help to explain the menstrual disturbances in subjects with hyperprolactinaemia.
The skills it takes
Authors: J. Clover
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The practice of medicine can take all forms, and the diversity and adaptability that we sometimes require continue to amaze and intrigue me. In my short career I have had strange requests and patients, from seeing a Sioux child who had been shot by an arrow and delivering babies in hospital car parks to learning about and adapting to the world of molecular biology. None prepared me for a request that I received while …
Treatment of Periodontitis and Endothelial Function
Authors: Maurizio S. Tonetti, Francesco D'Aiuto, Luigi Nibali, Ann Donald, Clare Storry, Mohamed Parkar, Jean Suvan, Aroon D. Hingorani, Patrick Vallance, John Deanfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Systemic inflammation may impair vascular function, and epidemiologic data suggest a possible link between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CARDIAC SYMPTOMS 30 DAYS AFTER PRIMARY PCI FOR ANTERIOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: INSIGHTS FROM INFUSE–AMI
Authors: Ziad Sergie, Roxana Mehran, Sorin Brener, Akiko Maehara, Martin Fahy, Uwe Zeymer, Azfar Zaman, Jochen Woehrle, C. Michael Gibson, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
In the Face of Pain: The Relationship between Psychological Well-Being and Disability in Women with Fibromyalgia
Authors: Holly Schleicher, Carmen Alonso, Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff, Daniel Muller, Barbara L. Loevinger, Christopher L. Coe
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Few studies have examined the potentially beneficial role of positive psychological functioning in individuals with chronic pain. This study examined the relationship of psychological well-being (PWB) to pain and disability in women with fibromyalgia (FM) as compared to women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls (HC). We targeted several domains of PWB that have been associated with health, and also tested whether PWB was related to the women’s social network. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; PWB, pain, and disability were assessed in 125 women (57 with FM, 20 with RA, and 48 HC) on two occasions. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Women with FM reported lower overall PWB than did RA and HC women. Further, greater PWB was associated with less disability and fatigue, but not pain in women with FM. Self-acceptance, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and positive relations with others emerged as four important constructs in the association between PWB and disability. In addition, PWB mediated the relationship between social network size and disability. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; This assessment of PWB provides insight into those psychological domains that should be emphasized in treatments aimed at reducing the disabling aspects of FM.
Serious head injury in sport.
Authors: K W Lindsay, G McLatchie, B Jennett
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Of 1900 head injuries serious enough to be admitted to the neurosurgical unit in Glasgow over a five year period, 52 (2.7%) were due to "sport." Golf, horse-riding, and Association football were the sports most commonly linked with serious head injury. Golfing injuries were all compound depressed fractures, and all these patients made a good recovery; horse-riding produced more severe injuries, three of the eight patients being left with residual disability. Much attention has been directed to preventing repeated minor head injury in boxing, but this study emphasises the need for preventing both the primary head injury and secondary complications associated with other sports.
Doxorubicin preconditioning: A protection against rat hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Koji Ito, Hisashi Ozasa, Katsuhiro Sanada, Saburo Horikawa
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Doxorubicin produces clinically useful responses in a variety of human cancers. However, the toxicity of doxorubicin has limited its usefulness. This side effect is mainly due to the doxorubicin-mediated free radical formation. Administration of doxorubicin (10 mg/kg body weight) to rats intravenously induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the liver. The levels of HO-1 protein were first detected at 6 hours and peaked at about 18 to 24 hours after the injection. It is known that HO-1 plays a protective role against the oxidative injury. Therefore, we have examined the protective effect of doxorubicin preconditioning against the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Partial hepatic ischemia was produced in the left and medium lobes for 45 minutes followed by 120 minutes reperfusion. When low doses of doxorubicin (1 mg/kg body weight) was intravenously administered to rats 2 days before the ischemia, the serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in the preconditioning rat were clearly improved compared with those in the rat without preconditioning. Under this situation, zinc-protoporphyrin IX, a specific inhibitor of HO-1, was injected subcutaneously to rats at 3 and 16 hours before the ischemia, the ALT levels were not improved by doxorubicin preconditioning. Histopathologic examination also supported these results. Although the HO-1 protein level was fairly low 2 days after the doxorubicin administration, significant amounts of HO-1 protein were detected. Our results indicated that the induction of HO-1 played a protective role against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and that doxorubicin preconditioning is more clinically useful than other preconditioning methods.
Spectrum of Hantavirus Infection: Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Authors: C. J. Peters, MD, Gary L. Simpson, MD, PhD, MPH, H. Levy, MD, PhD
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1999)

Hantaviruses chronically infect rodents without apparent disease, but when they are spread by aerosolized excreta to humans, two major clinical syndromes result: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Both diseases appear to be immunopathologic, and inflammatory mediators are important in causing the clinical manifestations. In HPS, T cells act on heavily infected pulmonary endothelium, and it is suspected that gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor are major agents of a reversible increase in vascular permeability that leads to severe, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. HFRS has prominent systemic manifestations. The retroperitoneum is a major site of vascular leak and the kidneys suffer tubular necrosis. Both syndromes are accompanied by myocardial depression and hypotension or shock. HFRS is primarily a Eurasian disease, whereas HPS appears to be confined to the Americas; these geographic distinctions correlate with the phylogenies of the rodent hosts and the viruses that coevolved with them.
Re: Sandra Lindstedt, Ulla Lindström, Eva Ljunggren, Björn Wullt and Magnus Grabe. Single-Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Core Prostate Biopsy: Impact of Timing and Identification of Risk Factors. Eur Urol 2006;50:832–37
Authors: Mohammad Issa Dauleh
Journal: European Urology (2007)