tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Incidence of Vertically Acquired HIV Infection in the United States
Authors: Susan F. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type I prevalence among childbearing women, HIV incidence in infants, and the number of children living with HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as a result of transmission from mother to infant (vertical transmission).The national HIV serosurvey of childbearing women was used to estimate the incidence of vertically acquired HIV infection in children born between 1988 and 1993. Data from the national acquired immunodeficiency syndrome case surveillance system and a multicenter pediatric HIV surveillance project were modeled to estimate incidence in children born between 1978 and 1987.Surveillance conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga, in collaboration with state and local health departments.Approximately 14,920 HIV-infected infants were born in the United States between 1978 and 1993. Of these, an estimated 12,240 children were living at the beginning of 1994; 26% were younger than 2 years, 35% were aged 2 to 4 years, and 39% were aged 5 years or older. Approximately 6530 HIV-infected women gave birth in the United States in 1993, and, based on a 25% vertical transmission rate, an estimated 1630 of their infants were HIV infected.These results provide a basis for estimating medical and other resource needs for HIV-infected women and their children and for measuring the impact of interventions to reduce vertical transmission of HIV.
In-vivo prediction of outward remodeling in native portions of stented coronary arteries associated with sites of high endothelial shear stress at the time of deployment
Authors: Charles L. Feldman, Scott Kinlay, Ahmet U. Coskun, Maureen E. Clark, Milan Sonka, Andreas Wahle, Olusegun J. Ilegbusi, Jeffrey J. Popma, Richard E. Kuntz, Peter H. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Relationship between Age at Diagnosis and Clinicopathologic Features of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Grégory Verhoest, David Veillard, François Guillé, Alexandre De La Taille, Laurent Salomon, Clément Claude Abbou, Antoine Valéri, Eric Lechevallier, Jean-Luc Descotes, Herve Lang, Didier Jacqmin, Jacques Tostain, Luca Cindolo, Vincenzo Ficarra, Walter Artibani, Luigi Schips, Richard Zigeuner, Peter F. Mulders, Arnaud Mejean, Jean-Jacques Patard
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Erk5 inhibits endothelial migration via KLF2-dependent down-regulation of PAK1
Authors: Ravi K. Komaravolu, Christian Adam, Jan-Renier A.J. Moonen, Martin C. Harmsen, Matthias Goebeler, Marc Schmidt
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

AimsThe MEK5/Erk5 pathway mediates beneficial effects of laminar flow, a major physiological factor preventing vascular dysfunction. Forced Erk5 activation induces a protective phenotype in endothelial cell (EC) that is associated with a dramatically decreased migration capacity of those cells. Transcriptional profiling identified the Krüppel-like transcription factors KLF2 and KLF4 as central mediators of Erk5-dependent gene expression. However, their downstream role regarding migration is unclear and relevant secondary effectors remain elusive. Here, we further investigated the mechanism underlying Erk5-dependent migration arrest in ECs.
Self-Administration of Diuretics
Authors: FRED H. KATZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 October 1975Self-Administration of DiureticsFRED H. KATZ, M.D.FRED H. KATZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-4-575_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1972 our group reported three cases of hypokalemia of cryptogenic origin, which proved to be due to surreptitious self-administration of thiazide or "loop" diuretics, known by the patients to be hypokalemia-inducing but the ingestion of which they denied (1). Since then, numerous communications to us from various parts of the United States have attested to the frequency of this factitious disorder, usually in women who have, or think they have, excessive fluid retention.One of our reported cases was striking in the patient's "Munchausen"-like masochism: she even underwent bilateral renal vein catheterization for renal vein renin...References1. KATZ F, ECKERT R, and GEBOTT M: Hypokalemia caused by surreptitious self-administration of diuretics. Ann Intern Med 76:85-90, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. MODLINGER R, NICOLIS G, and KRAKOFF L: Some observations on the pathogenesis of Bartter's syndrome. N Engl J Med 289:1022-1024, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: FRED H. KATZ, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Medicine University of Colorado Medical Center Denver, Colorado 80220 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTetany and Rhabdomyolysis Due to Surreptitious Furosemide — Importance of Magnesium SupplementationBartter’s SyndromeDrug-Associated NephropathyZur Histopathologie der Niere beim Pseudo-Bartter-Syndrom durch chronischen Diuretikaabusus 1 October 1975Volume 83, Issue 4Page: 575-576KeywordsCatheterizationDiureticsIngestionVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
PET imaging of a collagen matrix reveals its effective injection and targeted retention in a mouse model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Ali Ahmadi, Stephanie L. Thorn, Emilio I. Alarcon, Myra Kordos, Donna T. Padavan, Tayebeh Hadizad, Greg O. Cron, Rob S. Beanlands, Jean N. DaSilva, Marc Ruel, Robert A. deKemp, Erik J. Suuronen
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Letter to a Patient's Doctor
Authors: Suzanne Gordon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

On Being a Patient15 August 1998Letter to a Patient's DoctorSuzanne Gordon, BASuzanne Gordon, BAArlington, MA 02476-7121Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-4-199808150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail As a journalist who has written about the care of the dying (Life Support: Three Nurses on the Front Line. Little, Brown; 1997), I recently received a letter from a reader, Mr. Richard J. Arthur, whose wife had just died of breast cancer. After some discussion, Mr. Arthur sent me a copy of the following letter, which he had mailed to the physician who had cared for his wife.Dear Doctor:First of all, let me state that this letter is being written with love and respect, not as a complaint or anything remotely close to an accusation …Let ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Arlington, MA 02476-7121Corresponding Author: Suzanne Gordon, 11 Ely Road, Arlington, MA 02476-7121. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1998Volume 129, Issue 4Page: 333-334KeywordsCancer treatmentCaregiversChildrenEmotionsForecastingMorphineNursesPatient advocacySpineTongue Issue Published: 15 August 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Day Care Centers
Authors: Michael T. Osterholm, Joel N. Kuritsky, Trudy V. Murphy, William C. Mead
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Redmond and Pichichero<sup>1</sup>report that child day-care attendees in Monroe County, New York, who are younger than 3 years of age are at an increased risk of primary<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b (HIB) invasive disease. While child day-care attendance may increase the risk of primary HIB disease, we believe that because of deficiencies with the Monroe County study methodology, the total number of children in day-care facilities younger than 3 years of age was significantly underestimated, and, therefore, the risk of primary disease among this group was significantly overestimated. A recent study in Colorado determined that children in day-care facilities were at an increased risk of HIB infections; however, contrary to the Monroe County study, this increased risk was only for older children.<sup>2</sup> The underestimation of child day-care attendance for the younger children in the Monroe County study occurred for three reasons. First, the authors
Influence of interleukin 1 beta on tenascin distribution in human normal and osteoarthritic cartilage: a quantitative immunohistochemical study.
Authors: X Chevalier, P Claudepierre, N Groult, G J Godeau
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

To determine the influence of IL-1 beta on the presence and the distribution of tenascin in matrix of human normal and osteoarthritic cartilage explants.Cartilage was grown in organotypic culture with or without IL-1 beta (10 ng ml1). Tenascin antigen was detected on cryopreserved cartilage sections by immunohistochemical techniques with a monoclonal antibody directed against all tenascin isoforms (BC-4), and then quantified by video imaging densitometry.Tenascin was present in normal cartilage explants and increased in osteoarthritic cartilage explants. Treatment of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage explants with IL-1 beta (10 ng ml-1) induced an increase in tenascin content, which was particularly high in normal cartilage and predominated in the superficial layers of damaged cartilage. There was no obvious correlation between proteoglycan loss and presence of tenascin.In human normal and osteoarthritic cartilage explants, the presence and the distribution of tenascin are influenced by IL-1 beta.
Kinetics of onset of rate-dependent effects of Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are important in determining their effects on refractoriness in guinea-pig ventricle, and provide a theoretical basis for their subclassification
Authors: T. J CAMPBELL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

The kinetics of onset of rate-dependent depression of maximum rate of depolarisation (V̇(max) of guinea-pig ventricular action potentials were studied for nine Class I anti-arrhythmic drugs using standard microelectrode techniques. The drugs were found to fall into three well-demarcated subgroups with "fast" (lignocaine, tocainide and mexiletine), "intermediate" (quinidine, disopyramide and procainamide) and "slow" (flecainide, encainide and lorcainide) kinetics. The "fast" drugs were found to share the ability to markedly prolong the effective refractory period (ERP) relative to the action potential duration (APD). The "slow" drugs had only minor effects on this parameter. The "intermediate" drugs produced small to moderate increases in ERP relative to APD but in addition significantly prolonged APD, which was shortened by the "fast" drugs. Thus, using the parameters of speed of onset of rate-dependent depression of V̇max and APD it was possible to subdivide the nine Class I drugs into three distinct subclasses.
Characterization of the <i>in Vitro</i> Effects of Glucocorticosteroids on NK Cell Activity
Authors: B. K. Pedersen, J. M. Beyer
Journal: Allergy (1986)

The NK cell activity of mononuclear cells as well as monocyte‐depleted, Percoll‐fractionated, NK cell‐enriched effector cells against K 562 target cells was inhibited by methylprednisolone (MP) and hydrocortisone (HC) in a dose‐dependent manner. The effector/target cell conjugate formation was studied in a single cell agarose assay, and it was shown that MP and HC partly inhibited the NK cell activity by inhibition of the adhesion of effector cells to target.
Phospholipid Metabolism in Patients with Disturbed Circulation of the Brain.
Authors: Henry P. Schwarz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Phospholipid Metabolism in Patients with Disturbed Circulation of the Brain.Henry P. Schwarz, M.D., F.A.C.P., Lawrence C. McHenry, M.D., Lorraine Dreisbach, M.S., Marvin E. Jaffee, M.D.Henry P. Schwarz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Lawrence C. McHenry, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Lorraine Dreisbach, M.S.Search for more papers by this author, Marvin E. Jaffee, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-807_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn continuation of studies on the effect of stress on phospholipid metabolism it was thought to be of interest to examine the phospholipid composition of the blood plasma of the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein from patients with disturbed circulation of the brain and to relate the arteriovenous differences found to cerebral oxygen consumption. Twenty-five patients with disturbed circulation of the brain such as cerebral arteriosclerosis, occlusion of a cerebral artery, or cerebrovascular accidents were examined. Blood specimens for examination of plasma phospholipids and blood oxygen content were drawn from the internal carotid artery and the internal jugular... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 807-807KeywordsBlood plasmaBrainCarotid arteriesCerebral arteriesJugular veinOxygenOxygen consumptionPhospholipidsStroke Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Impact of Preinterventional Arterial Remodeling on Neointimal Hyperplasia After Implantation of (Non–Polymer-Encapsulated) Paclitaxel-Coated Stents
Authors: Gary S. Mintz, Adrienne Tinana, Myeong-Ki Hong, Cheol Whan Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Neal E. Fearnot, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park, Neil J. Weissman
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— This study used serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to evaluate the effect of preinterventional arterial remodeling on in-stent intimal hyperplasia (IH) after implantation of non–polymer-encapsulated paclitaxel-coated stents. Methods and Results— Patients were randomized to placebo or one of two doses of paclitaxel (low dose, 1.28 μg/mm 2 ; high dose, 3.10 μg/mm 2 ). Complete preinterventional, post–stent implantation, and follow-up IVUS were available in 18 low-dose and 21 high-dose patients. IH volumes were similar in low-dose and high-dose patients: 17.6±15.1 mm 3 in low-dose patients and 13.1±13.3 mm 3 in high-dose patients ( P =0.3). Therefore, IVUS findings in low- and high-dose patients were combined. Preinterventional remodeling was assessed by comparing lesion site to proximal and distal reference arterial area: positive remodeling (lesion&gt;proximal reference, n=13), intermediate remodeling (distal reference&lt;lesion&lt;proximal reference, n=13), and negative remodeling (lesion&lt;distal reference, n=13). During follow-up, there was a decrease in lumen volume in positive remodeling lesions (from 106±30 to 90±27 mm 3 ; P =0.0067) and in intermediate remodeling lesions (from 97±28 to 76±31 mm 3 ; P =0.0004), but not in negative remodeling lesions (99±27 versus 92±32 mm 3 ; P =0.15). The follow-up IH volume was lower in negative remodeling lesions (5±7 mm 3 ) compared with positive remodeling (20±14 mm 3 ; P =0.0051) and intermediate remodeling lesions (20±15 mm 3 ; P =0.0043); however, IH volume was virtually identical in positive and intermediate remodeling lesions. Multivariate linear regression analysis determined that remodeling and inflation pressure were independent predictors of IH volume; variables tested in the model included diabetes, acute coronary syndromes, dose, remodeling, and preinterventional plaque burden. Conclusions— Preinterventional arterial remodeling, especially negative remodeling, influences neointimal hyperplasia suppression after implantation of non–polymer-encapsulated paclitaxel-coated stents.
Autoimmunization and the Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias
Authors: Scott N. Swisher
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This is an unusual book in both concept and presentation. The first half presents the problem of autoimmune hemolytic anemias in a clinical perspective. Material from the vast literature is interwoven with a very substantial personal clinical experience, more than 200 cases, that the author observed during an eight-year period. With this material he tries to formulate a number of the still-unresolved problems presented by this disease: those of classification, relationship to other so-called autoimmune processes and to other underlying diseases, and, most importantly, the fundamental mechanisms of autoimmunization itself. The clinical material, some presented in summaries but much of it in selected illustrative brief case reports, is of real interest to students of this problem. These data add convincingly to the growing conviction that autoimmune hemolytic anemia is not a homogeneous clinical entity, a view which the author of this book has long advocated.  In the second portion of
Evaluation of government's compaign to reduce risk of cot death
Authors: C M H Hiley, C Morley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

In December 1991 the Department of Health's “Back to Sleep” campaign advised that babies should not sleep on their front, be exposed to cigarette smoke, or be overheated.1 Since then cot deaths have halved, from 912 in 1991 to 456 in 1992.2 This has been attributed to the campaign,3 with little evidence that child care practice has in fact changed. This study compared the way mothers cared for their infants before and after the campaign.

Questionnaires were sent to two randomly selected groups of 450 mothers of normal term babies born in Cambridge, Huntingdon, or Bury St Edmunds. The first group gave birth at least eight months before the campaign. The second group gave birth after the campaign and received the questionnaire when their baby was six months old. Tog values were calculated using …
Relation of β3-adrenergic receptor gene mutation to total body fat but not percent body fat and insulin levels in Thais
Authors: Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul, Rajata Rajatanavin, Suwannee Chanprasertyothin, Noppawan Piaseu, Laor Chailurkit, Surat Komindr, Pongamorn Bunnag, Gobchai Puavilai
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Clinical and Biologic Activity of an Estrogenic Herbal Combination (PC-SPES) in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Robert S. DiPaola, Huayan Zhang, George H. Lambert, Robert Meeker, Edward Licitra, Mohamed M. Rafi, Bao Ting Zhu, Heidi Spaulding, Susan Goodin, Michel B. Toledano, William N. Hait, Michael A. Gallo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Herbal mixtures are popular alternatives to demonstrated therapies. PC-SPES, a commercially available combination of eight herbs, is used as a nonestrogenic treatment for cancer of the prostate. Since other herbal medicines have estrogenic effects in vitro, we tested the estrogenic activity of PC-SPES in yeast and mice and in men with prostate cancer.
IMMUNO-HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE SKIN IN PEMPHIGOID
Authors: R. H. CORMANE, E. SZABO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— The in vivo direct immunofluorescent (DIF) staining patterns of the skin surrounding the lesions of 5 patients suffering from pemphigoid are reported. It appeared that fine granular IgG deposits occur in the dermis and more closely packed in the junctional zone of most of the biopsies examined. Only 1 case with a very high (anti‐basement membrane) IgG antibody titre showed a conspicuous linear fluorescence of the basement membrane zone, while 2 other cases with a less high antibody litre showed both types of staining patterns. The impression was gained that there is some relation between the antibody litre and the DIF staining pattern in DH. The findings of this study are also in favour of the concept that pemphigoid and dermatitis herpetiformis are 2 different disease entities; however the existence of intermediate cases cannot be ruled out. The advantages of the DIF method are discussed. An improved filter combination for blue narrow‐band excitation and a rigid control of the conjugates used for IF studies are recommended.
Coma in Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Robert B. Kalmansohn, Nicholas F. Conte, R. J. Cavalieri
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE systemic nature of infectious mononucleosis has been recognized for many years.1 , 2 The neurologic involvement of this disease has constituted a rare and important manifestation; less than 1 per cent of proved cases of infectious mononucleosis have shown Central-nervous-system symptoms.2 The clinical picture has been that of meningitis,3 4 5 6 7 8 9 encephalitis,10 11 12 13 meningoencephalitis,14 15 16 17 18 19 encephaloneuronitis20 , 21 and neuronitis.22 23 24 25 As would be expected from these variable symptom complexes, the findings in the cerebrospinal fluid are neither consistent nor pathognomonic. However, abnormal findings usually noted are similar to those found in viral infections of the central nervous system — that is, clear fluid, moderate increase in pressure, . . .
Phenylketonuria – Genotypes and Phenotypes
Authors: Charles R. Scriver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Phenylketonuria contributes to our acceptance of a model of disease that relates the manifestations (phenotypes) of a disease to an underlying process (pathogenesis) that has its origin in a cause (which may include a variant genotype). Our knowledge of phenylketonuria1 , 2 has evolved in the context of that model. A new point of departure is clearly marked by the study by Okano et al. in this issue of the Journal,3 which correlates several mutations in the gene for phenylalanine hydroxylase with their effects on the activity of the enzyme and the severity of the associated clinical disease. The study could . . .
Role of Troponin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Sylvie R. Stacy, Catalina Suarez-Cuervo, Zackary Berger, Lisa M. Wilson, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Eric B. Bass, Erin D. Michos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high prevalence of elevated serum troponin levels, which makes diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) challenging.To evaluate the utility of troponin in ACS diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis among patients with CKD.MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through May 2014.Studies examining elevated versus normal troponin levels in terms of their diagnostic performance in detection of ACS, effect on ACS management strategies, and prognostic value for mortality or cardiovascular events after ACS among patients with CKD.Paired reviewers selected articles for inclusion, extracted data, and graded strength of evidence (SOE).Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. The sensitivity of troponin T for ACS diagnosis ranged from 71% to 100%, and specificity ranged from 31% to 86% (6 studies; low SOE). The sensitivity and specificity of troponin I ranged from 43% to 94% and from 48% to 100%, respectively (8 studies; low SOE). No studies examined how troponin levels affect management strategies. Twelve studies analyzed prognostic value. Elevated levels of troponin I or troponin T were associated with higher risk for short-term death and cardiac events (low SOE). A similar trend was observed for long-term mortality with troponin I (low SOE), but less evidence was found for long-term cardiac events for troponin I and long-term outcomes for troponin T (insufficient SOE). Patients with advanced CKD tended to have worse prognoses with elevated troponin I levels than those without them (moderate SOE).Studies were heterogeneous in design and in ACS definitions and adjudication methods.In patients with CKD and suspected ACS, troponin levels can aid in identifying those with a poor prognosis, but the diagnostic utility is limited by varying estimates of sensitivity and specificity.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.