tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
T cell response to human HSP60 and yersinia 19 kDa in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis: no evidence for a causal role of these antigens in the pathogenesis
Authors: J Zou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Anterior and intermediate uveitis are inflammatory processes of diverse causes, including among others, infections, trauma, lymphoproliferative disorders, and ischaemia.The remainder are considered to have an immune pathogenesis with an autoimmune component.For example, uveitis is a common manifestation of spondyloarthropathy (SpA), a related group of disorders, with common clinical, biological, genetic, and therapeutic characteristics. 1 Within the SpA group of diseases, considerable overlap between the different disease entities can occur-for example, during the course of ankylosing spondylitis, 40% of the patients will develop acute anterior uveitis (AUU). 2 In addition, in patients with AUU, SpA is the most commonly identified systemic disease. 3 Moreover, as is true for other diseases within the SpA group, subclinical gut inflammation has been found in patients with AUU. 4 5 From a therapeutic perspective, the management of patients with AAU is targeted at stopping the inflammatory process, in the shortest time possible, as otherwise it might result in irreversible damage leading to impaired visual acuity.Most attacks can be managed by topical steroids and mydriatic agents; in severe episodes of iritis periocular injection of corticosteroids may be beneficial.Occasionally, oral administration of steroids is necessary, sometimes in combination with immunosuppressive agents.However, in some patients the uveitis appears to be treatment resistant; in others, the use of steroids is restricted owing to a lack of response, intolerance, or side effects.The beneficial effects of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) blockade with infliximab (Remicade) are well established in Crohn's disease and, more recently, open and placebo controlled studies indicated a significant improvement of articular symptoms of this treatment in patients with SpA. [6]7][8] Considering the disease overlap within the SpA group and the promising therapeutic results of TNFα blockade in this group of diseases, we suggested that this treatment might possibly provide a clinical benefit in SpA related uveitis.Here, we report the effect of TNFα blockade with infliximab on chronic treatment resistant uveitis in a patient with SpA.. . . .
The Modern Methods of Quarantine.
Authors: H. M. Bracken
Journal: JAMA (1901)

St. Paul, Minn., Feb. 18; 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the<i>N. Y. Medical Journal</i>of Nov. 3, 1900, Dr. A. H. Doty discusses this subject as bearing upon marine sanitation. It is true, as he states, that in the past there has been much unwarranted fussiness in the administration of marine quarantine. Methods have been in vogue that caused much delay in the discharge of passengers, mails and cargo, that were in no way based upon scientific teaching, and that were largely in demand chiefly for the benefit of the port sanitary officials. Had Dr. Doty confined his arguments to marine sanitary methods deserving of criticism, his field would have been sufficiently wide. But there are many statements in his paper which have no bearing upon the disinfection of a cargo of iron in the hold of a vessel, or of rags that supposedly have been steamed and baled
Delayed-onset adenosine deaminase deficiency: Strategies for an early diagnosis
Authors: Carsten Speckmann, Carla Neumann, Stephan Borte, Giancarlo la Marca, Jörn Oliver Sass, Elisabeth Wiech, Paul Fisch, Klaus Schwarz, Bernd Buchholz, Michael Schlesier, Kerstin Felgentreff, Bodo Grimbacher, Ines Santisteban, Pawan Bali, Michael S. Hershfield, Stephan Ehl
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
The Varieties of Children's Behavioral Problems and Family Dynamics
Authors: RICHARD L. JENKINS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Three groups of clinic children, separated by computer clustering of their symptoms, are described by the author. The overanxious children are likely to have an anxious infantilizing mother. The critical, depreciative, punitive, inconsistent mother or stepmother is typical for the unsocialized aggressive child. Socialized delinquents are likely to come from large families characterized by parental neglect and delegation of parental responsibilities. Their parental pathology is typically more paternal than maternal and frequently includes the alcoholic father or stepfather.
Eruptive Xanthomas Associated with Hypertriglyceridemia and New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Keshav R Nayak, Richard G Daly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A previously healthy, 38-year-old man with a family history of early cerebrovascular accidents presented with a sudden eruption of pink papules with creamy-colored centers on his arms and upper torso (Panels A and B). He was otherwise asymptomatic and had no abdominal pain. The results of laboratory tests performed while the patient was fasting included a total cholesterol level of 1268 mg per deciliter (32.8 mmol per liter), a total triglyceride level of 8869 mg per deciliter (100.1 mmol per liter), a glucose level of 241 mg per deciliter (13.4 mmol per liter), and a glycosylated hemoglobin value of 13.4 . . .
Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom
Authors: C. Gale, C. Martyn
Journal: BMJ (1998)

To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise."Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality.Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales).1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded.Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up.356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0).These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.
Incidence and risk factors for bleeding in 1104 patients with essential thrombocythemia or prefibrotic myelofibrosis diagnosed according to the 2008 WHO criteria
Authors: G Finazzi, A Carobbio, J Thiele, F Passamonti, E Rumi, M Ruggeri, F Rodeghiero, M L Randi, I Bertozzi, A M Vannucchi, E Antonioli, H Gisslinger, V Buxhofer-Ausch, N Gangat, A Rambaldi, A Tefferi, T Barbui
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
The Right to Die After Cruzan
Authors: David Orentlicher
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In June 1990, the U.S. Supreme Court decided its first right-to-die case, Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health. Writing under the auspices of the American Medical Association's Office of the General Counsel, Orentlicher sumarizes the Court's holdings in Cruzan, draws several inferences from the decision about the right to refuse medical treatment, and discusses Cruzan's implications for physicians and patients. Orentlicher concludes that while the Court "eschewed an expansive construction of the right to refuse medical treatment, its decision...enlarged the right in many respects without restricting it in other respects... In any situation in which withdrawal of treatment was permissible before the Cruzan case, withdrawal is permissible now...in some situations in which withdrawal was not permissible before the Cruzan case, withdrawal is permissible now."
Echicetin, a GPIb-binding snake C-type lectin from Echis carinatus, also contains a binding site for IgMκ responsible for platelet agglutination in plasma and inducing signal transduction
Authors: Alexei Navdaev, Dagmar Dörmann, Jeannine M. Clemetson, Kenneth J. Clemetson
Journal: Blood (2001)

Abstract Echicetin, a heterodimeric snake C-type lectin from Echis carinatus, is known to bind specifically to platelet glycoprotein (GP)Ib. We now show that, in addition, it agglutinates platelets in plasma and induces platelet signal transduction. The agglutination is caused by binding to a specific protein in plasma. The protein was isolated from plasma and shown to cause platelet agglutination when added to washed platelets in the presence of echicetin. It was identified as immunoglogulin Mκ (IgMκ) by peptide sequencing and dot blotting with specific heavy and light chain anti-immunoglobulin reagents. Platelet agglutination by clustering echicetin with IgMκ induced P-selectin expression and activation of GPIIb/IIIa as well as tyrosine phosphorylation of several signal transduction molecules, including p53/56LYN, p64, p72SYK, p70 to p90, and p120. However, neither ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid nor specific inhibition of GPIIb/IIIa affected platelet agglutination or activation by echicetin. Platelet agglutination and induction of signal transduction could also be produced by cross-linking biotinylated echicetin with avidin. These data indicate that clustering of GPIb alone is sufficient to activate platelets. In vivo, echicetin probably activates platelets rather than inhibits platelet activation, as previously proposed, accounting for the observed induction of thrombocytopenia.
Endotracheal instillation of prostacyclin in preterm infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension
Authors: AP De Jaegere, JN van den Anker
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Does endotracheal instilled prostacyclin (epoprostenol) improve oxygenation in preterm infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension? Four preterm infants were studied. Prostacyclin (50 ng x kg(-1)) was injected as an endotracheal bolus. In two patients the prostacyclin bolus was repeated and in one patient prostacyclin was administered continuously. Oxygenation was evaluated through the oxygenation index and the ratio of arterial oxygen tension to the fraction of inspired oxygen. The mean arterial blood pressure was used to evaluate systemic circulation. The oxygenation index (+/-SD) decreased significantly from 39 (+/-13.3) to 7 (+/-2.5) and the ratio of arterial oxygen tension to the fraction of inspired oxygen (+/-SD) increased significantly from 47 (+/-13) to 218 (+/-67), most likely related to a reduction of the pulmonary vascular resistance with a reversal of the extrapulmonary shunting at the ductus arteriosus and atrial level. The blood pressure did not change. All effects were reversed on drug withdrawal. Repeated or continuous endotracheal administration of prostacyclin in three children demonstrated a sustained response without tachyphylaxis, and without overt side-effects. Endotracheal instillation of prostacyclin resulted in an improved oxygenation without systemic vascular repercussions in four preterm infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension. Repeated or continuous administration showed a sustained response and no overt side-effects were noticed.
You and Your Doctor—A Common Sense Guide to Medical Care
Authors: John H. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1961)

I was given the opportunity to review the galleys of this book shortly before the publication date. The suggested modifications were not accepted entirely by Potter, but such a deficiency does not detract from the mission of the volume. The author is a practicing surgeon interested in medical education and improved communication between physicians, physicians and patients, and physicians and the public. Relevant features include a description of the physician in a contemporary community, the definition of physicians, facts concerning specialties that they pursue, the relationship of the medical profession and the patient, and some of the pitfalls in the practice of medicine. The appendix includes an enumeration of the services of the American Medical Association, a listing of medical specialties and specialists, and a relatively short bibliography. A large number of subjects that are of lesser or major concern to physician and patient are discussed between the preface and
A CASE OF CERVICAL CARIES SIMULATING CEREBELLAR TUMOUR
Authors: R. R. Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1920)

Tax Bzm 01 I MJMIC."JOVMA& 49Pending the result of lAboratory investigation, irrigation of the anterior-urethra with 1 in 4,000 potasium pennganate solu- tion daily was ordered.The Wassermann reaction was negative.Smears from the meatal pus (Gram and Fontana-Tribondeau) revealed staphylo- coccus in pure culture and numerous T. pallidum, but no other micro-organisms.When the patient was seen again, three days later, the only appreciable change in the local condition was easier micturition, the stream, still very tbin, being continuous; 0.3 gram of nov- arsenobeiuzol was injected intravenously at 4 p.m.The patient returned at 5 p.m. next day; he stated that he had noticed no effects at all from the injection, until on rising that morning he had experienced great difficulty-" just a drop at a time "-- in passing water, and the lump on, the penis was larger and redder.He had gone to work, buLt had been unable tci micturate all day, and was now in great pain.The temperature was 102.40 and the pulse 96.There was redness and oedema of the prepuce, especially the ventral portion, but no discharge from urethra.The lesion on the under side of the penis had become
Psychosocial Problems and Interventions in Diabetes: A review of the literature
Authors: Richard R Rubin, Mark Peyrot
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

This article reviews and organizes the recent literature on psychosocial problems and interventions in diabetes to see if it is possible to identify effective modes of treatment for numerous different psychosocial problems. An attempt was made to review extensively the references on psychosocial problems and to review exhaustively the references on psychosocial interventions. The review was organized under four major headings: psychological sequelae of medical crises, psychopathology in diabetes, stress and hassles in living with diabetes, and family dysfunctions. Results of the literature review were similar for all areas: although some studies suggested that these problems are especially severe for people with diabetes, the best-designed studies suggested that this was not so. Regardless of the prevalence of these problems in the diabetic population at large, individuals who suffer from these problems are at special risk for reduced physical and emotional well-being, so they need psychosocial interventions that effectively resolve their difficulties. Unfortunately, the literature on psychosocial interventions in diabetes is meager, and it lacks the systematic, quantitative evaluations necessary to identify effective modes of treatment for different psychosocial problems. It is possible to state tentatively that certain interventions have been used for specific problems with some indication that they can be effective. Issues for future research are identified. Addressing these issues might provide a foundation for making decisions about areas ripe for clinical trials, and ultimately determining which intervention is best suited for treating any given psychosocial problem.
Recommendations for Uniform Definitions of Surgical Techniques for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Consensus Report of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer International Staging Committee and the International Mesothelioma Interest Group
Authors: David Rice, Valerie Rusch, Harvey Pass, Hisao Asamura, Takashi Nakano, John Edwards, Dorothy J. Giroux, Seiki Hasegawa, Kemp H. Kernstine, David Waller, Ramon Rami-Porta
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Ventricular sensory endings mediate reflex bradycardia during coronary arteriography in humans.
Authors: J A Arrowood, P K Mohanty, J M Hodgson, M E Dibner-Dunlap, M D Thames
Journal: Circulation (1989)

It has been suggested that the response to the intracoronary injection of radiographic contrast is reflex in origin and results from stimulation of ventricular sensory endings. Cardiac transplantation results in denervation of the ventricles, and thus, may interrupt the afferent limb of this reflex. In contrast, the recipient sinus node and atrial remnant remain innervated, leaving the efferent cardiac limb of this reflex intact. We hypothesized that if contrast-induced reflex bradycardia and hypotension occurred from stimulation of ventricular chemosensitive endings, then this response would be abolished after cardiac transplantation. To test this hypothesis, we determined the changes in recipient (innervated) and donor (denervated) sinus-node rates (SNR) and mean arterial pressure during selective right (RCA) and left coronary artery (LCA) injection during arteriography in cardiac transplant patients and in patients with intact cardiac innervation. An increase in the recipient SNR was observed in cardiac transplant patients during left and right coronary injections (LCA, 6.6 +/- 1.7 beats/min; RCA, 2.4 +/- 1.4 beats/min) compared with a decrease in the control subjects (LCA, -15.3 +/- 2.3 beats/min; RCA, -6.9 +/- 1.9 beats/min; p less than 0.05 vs. control). This occurred despite significant and comparable decreases in mean arterial pressure in cardiac transplant patients (LCA, -12.7 +/- 2.3 mm Hg; RCA, -11.4 +/- 2.2 mm Hg) and control subjects (LCA, -18.7 +/- 1.7 mm Hg; RCA, -10.7 +/- 1.6 mm Hg). The donor SNR slowed for LCA injection (-5.4 +/- 2.1 beats/min, p less than 0.05) and RCA injection (-3.0 +/- 1.7 beats/min), which, for the LCA, was less than the slowing of control subjects (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
How Many Hats Can a House Officer Wear?
Authors: Thomas H. Hunter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

IN getting my thoughts together recently for a conference on the subject Has the Physician a Right to Strike? I tried to clarify in my mind the various roles played by resident physicians, or house officers, in the modern university teaching hospital. Surely their position must be one of the most complex imaginable. Specifically, they may be at one and the same time functioning in at least six roles: 1) post-doctoral student; 2) teacher of medical students, junior physicians and other health personnel; 3) administrator of a complex health team; 4) investigator involved in clinical research; 5) physician, . . .
DECLINE IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS WITH DIABETES FROM 1987-1993 THROUGH 2003-2009
Authors: Paul Muntner, Rikki Tanner, Huifeng Yun, April Carson, Stephen Glasser, George Howard, Evan Thacker, Michael Farkouh, Robert Rosenson, Todd Brown, Monika Safford, Emily Levitan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Sudden Death
Authors: Pascal Nicod, Ralf Polikar, Kirk L. Peterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

SUDDEN death is a well-recognized outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It occurs at an annual rate of 3 percent, often in young patients,1 2 3 4 in whom the most likely precipitating mechanism is an arrhythmia.1 Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, atrial tachycardia, flutter or fibrillation, asystole, and complete heart block all occur in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Because such patients are sensitive to marked changes in heart rate and the loss of the atrial contribution to diastolic filling, all these arrhythmias are potentially lethal. Unfortunately, few clinical variables can reliably predict sudden death.1 2 3 4 Only ventricular tachycardia on electrocardiographic monitoring7 , 8 and a family history of . . .
Intelligent CPAP systems: clinical experience
Authors: H Teschler, M Berthon-Jones
Journal: Thorax (1998)

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome. It is believed to work by pneumatically splinting the upper airway.1 2 As the pressure is gradually increased the subject passes through a spectrum of gradually decreasing severity of obstruction.3 4 Frank obstructive apnoeas, hypopnoeas, and desaturation first disappear, then 2–4 cm H2O higher snoring and most respiratory arousals disappear, leaving only silent inspiratory airflow limitation associated with high respiratory work. This occurs at an average pressure of 8 cm H2O. A further increase of 2 cm H2O produces a 75% reduction in respiratory work and normal breathing. A higher pressure is required to prevent apnoeas in REM sleep and in the supine position, and the lowest pressure is required in slow wave sleep in the lateral position.5 

Although nasal CPAP has no serious side effects in subjects with uncomplicated sleep apnoea syndrome, there are several minor side effects that reduce patient compliance and quality of life. These are chiefly pressure related, the most frequent being dryness, burning, and congestion of the nasal mucosa, discomfort exhaling against the pressure, chest wall discomfort, middle ear discomfort, mask and machine noise, conjunctivitis from leaks into the eyes, and air swallowing.6-11 The first goal of treatment initiation is therefore a “pressure titration” to find a pressure that makes a reasonable trade-off between increasing effectiveness at eliminating respiratory related events and avoiding unpleasant side effects.12 Current practice is to perform the titration in the laboratory with full polysomnography, gradually increasing the pressure through the spectrum described above, in all body positions and sleep stages.13 This is skilled, tedious, and expensive work. Furthermore, it is controversial whether the pressure determined in this way will still be correct in a month or a …