tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BSG GUIDELINE COMPLIANCE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS–ARE IMAGING DELAYS THE REAL ISSUE?
Authors: R A J Spence, K McElvanna, I McAllister
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) set standards for the management of acute pancreatitis; in particular, time until definitive treatment for gallstone pancreatitis. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> We evaluated our management of acute pancreatitis against BSG guidelines, focusing on delays to definitive management. <h3>Method</h3> Data were obtained retrospectively for 110 consecutive patients admitted with acute pancreatitis during a nine month period, and their management evaluated against the guidelines. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and ten patients (63 male, 47 female) were admitted with acute pancreatitis during a nine month period, with mean age 54.7 years. Aetiology included: gallstones (51 patients), alcohol (39), others (20). Ten patients (9.1%) had severe pancreatitis, 6 of whom died. Overall mean length of stay: 5.8 days (range 2–78 days), gallstone pancreatitis 9.3 days, alcoholic pancreatitis 3.5 days, others 3.8 days. Mean wait for ultrasound: 1.7 days (range 0-5 days, with 59.4% compliance with guidelines), MRCP, as inpatient 3.3 days (range 1–9 days), as outpatient 25 days (range 12-64 days). Intervention for gallstone pancreatitis included ERCP (13 patients; mean inpatient wait 6.4 days, outpatient 42 days); cholecystectomy (24 patients; mean wait: 12.5 days (range 1–81 days)). There was 75% compliance with BSG guidelines regarding definitive intervention for gallstone pancreatitis within 2 weeks. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Delay for definitive intervention was partially attributable to imaging, especially as outpatient. Patients should be investigated as an inpatient to ensure guideline compliance with the 2 week rule for gallstone pancreatitis. ERCPs, either for stone removal, or as definitive management, must be performed as inpatient to avoid breach of guidelines.
lndium-111 Chloride Bone Marrow Imaging in Chronic Renal Disease
Authors: BETTYE A. SAYLE, H DANIEL FAWCETT, F H GARDNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Eight patients with anemia and chronic renal disease being maintained by chronic hemodialysis were evaluated with ln-111 chloride bone marrow imaging and bone marrow core biopsies. There was no correlation between the erythrocyte cellularity of the marrow and the indium bone marrow scan grade in any patient. Bone marrow imaging can not be used as an indicator of the presence of erythroid marrow in these patients.
ABC of AIDS. Development of the epidemic.
Authors: M W Adler
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The 1st recognized cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurred in the summer of 1981 in America.  HIV has been isolated from semen cervical secretions lymphocytes cell free plasma cerebrospinal fluid tears saliva urine and breast milk.  Particularly infectious are semen blood and possibly cervical secretions.  The commonest mode of transmission of the virus is by sexual intercourse.  Other methods of transmission are through the receipt of infected blood or blood products and donated organs and semen and through the sharing or reuse of contaminated needles by injecting drug abusers or for therapeutic procedures and from mother to child.  There is no well documented evidence that the virus is spread by saliva.  It is not spread by casual or social contact.  By March 1987 31526 adult cases of AIDS had been reported in the US plus an additional 456 pediatric cases.  There is a wide geographical variation.  New York for example has a rate of 991/million.  The US as a whole has a rate of 140/million.  In the US and the UK the 1st wave of the epidemic occurred in homosexual men the next and current wave is among intravenous drug abusers and after this it might affect the heterosexual population.  Transmission into the heterosexual population will occur through bisexual men intravenous drug abusers and prostitutes.  In Africa strong evidence shows that HIV is spread mainly by heterosexual intercourse.  The advent of an effective antibody test in 1984 has allowed for a clearer understanding of the changing prevalence and natural history of HIV infection.  Surveys show that the proportion of individuals infected must be high before cases of AIDS start to become apparent.  AIDS is the most major public health problem in the world this century.
Environmental or Genetic Effects in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Michael V. Seidan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1989Environmental or Genetic Effects in Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseMichael V. Seidan, MD, PhDMichael V. Seidan, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-5-445 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Fiocchi and colleagues (1) recently presented evidence that sera from patients with inflammatory bowel disease killed intestinal epithelial cell-associated component (ECAC) coated erythrocytes in an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay (ADCC). This cytotoxicity may have been due to antibody recognition of a 137- and 160-kilodalton protein found in the P1 fraction of ECAC. An identical ADCC activity was also seen in a large fraction of asymptomatic family members. Specificity of anti-ECAC activity was demonstrated through almost complete lack of ADCC activity in sera from patients with other gastrointestinal and autoimmune diseases. The authors suggested that the discordance...References1. FiocchiRocheMichener CKW. High prevalence of antibodies in intestinal epithelial antigens in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and their relatives. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:786-94. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ShenfeldSchwartz YR. Immunologic and genetic factors in autoimmune diseases. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:1019-29. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. ShenfeldSchwartz YR. Immunologic and genetic factors in autoimmune disease. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:1019-29. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. CalkinsMendeloff BA. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease. Epidemiol Rev. 1986;6:60-91. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. LittleRoche MJ. Shared and unique determinants on human and murine intestinal epithelium as established by monoclonal antibodies. Mol Immunol. 1988;25:275-83. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael V. Seidan, MD, PhD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGenetics of Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseSubclinical markers of human IBDNeutrophil autoantibodies in ulcerative colitis: Familial aggregation and genetic heterogeneity 1 September 1989Volume 111, Issue 5Page: 445-446KeywordsAutoimmune diseasesGenetic diseasesInflammatory bowel diseaseProteinsSpecificity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Screening Tests for Nursing Home Patients
Authors: Anthony L. Komaroff
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Approximately 1.5 million individuals are cared for in more than 18 000 nursing homes in the United States. The number is expected to double in the next ten to 20 years. Admission to a nursing home is a wrenching change for any patient, a change often made more devastating by an interruption in the continuity of medical care. It is uncommon for the patient's previous physician to follow the patient into the nursing home. Furthermore, a well-organized summary of past medical care does not often accompany the patient to the nursing home. Finally, in many nursing homes the initial evaluation by the new physician is often brief. As Golodetz<sup>1</sup>has pointed out, the examination often fails to focus on the chief problems of functioning in the elderly: it does not include a detailed evaluation of the musculoskeletal system or assessment of cognition, the functioning of the special senses, or
A simple method for correlating observations on skin at the light and electron microscopic levels
Authors: L. DUBERTRET, B. BERTAUX, M. FOSSE, F. BOULVIN, R. TOURAINE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

A method is described which allows the embedding of 6 mm cutaneous punch biopsies for subsequent light and electron microscopic examination. Sections of 20 mm2 cut at 0.5-I micrometer are stained for light microscopy. The subtle tinctorial affinities, which approach those achieved on haematological smears, and the preservation of cellular detail frequently make subsequent ultrastructural examination unnecessary. However, when required, a special technique for trimming and resectioning the tissue blocks allows a good correlation between light and electron microscopic observations.
341. Lentiviral Vector-Mediated Gene Therapy as Treatment for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS): Pre-Clinical Studies in Human Cell Lines and WASp -/- Mice
Authors: S. Humblet-Baron, S. Anover, K. Kipp, Q. Zhu, P. Ye, W. Zhang, Y. Ovechkina, S. Khim, A. Astrakhan, T. Strom, D. Kohn, F. Candotti, Y. Vyas, H. Ochs, C. Miao, D. Rawlings
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
Post-traumatic pulmonary hernia
Authors: Jean-Stephane David, Candice Tassin, Jean-Michel Maury
Journal: Thorax (2013)

Post-traumatic pulmonary hernia is a very rare occurrence of chest trauma, which however remains usually covered by the skin.1 ,2 A young 22-year-old male was recently admitted to our trauma centre after being thrown from a motorcycle against a road guard barrier.

Clinical examination of the patient revealed a large open wound to the upper and the anterior part …
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Decreases Allergen-stimulated Release of Prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> in Airways of Subjects with Asthma
Authors: TINA V. HARTERT, RYSZARD T. DWORSKI, BEVERLY G. MELLEN, JOHN A. OATES, JOHN J. MURRAY, JAMES R. SHELLER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) inhibits the early and late bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled allergen. The mechanisms of action, however, are not understood. We investigated the effect of inhaled PGE(2) on the release of prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)), preformed mast cell mediators, and other products of arachidonic acid metabolism. We compared inhaled PGE(2) (100 microgram) to placebo in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Ten atopic asthmatics underwent bronchoscopy immediately after inhalation of PGE(2) or placebo. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed at baseline, and in a separate segment 4 min after allergen instillation. Nebulized PGE(2) was well tolerated. PGE(2) concentrations in baseline lavage fluid were significantly greater after PGE(2) inhalation than after placebo. PGD(2) concentrations after allergen challenge were significantly reduced in those subjects receiving nebulized PGE(2) compared with control subjects. We conclude that PGE(2) can be safely delivered by inhalation. Nebulized PGE(2) administered before to segmental allergen challenge reduced PGD(2) in BAL fluid (BALF). PGE(2) also decreased the production of other mediators of the arachidonic acid pathway, although not significantly. The reduction of PGD(2) may be part of the mechanism by which PGE(2) blocks the early asthmatic response.
Abstract 356: Photoacoustic imaging of pancreatic cancer proliferation via sigma-2 receptor/PGRMC1-eYFP
Authors: Jinbin Xu, Xin Cai, Junjie Yao, Spitzer Dirk, Chengbo Zeng, William G. Hawkins, Lihong V. Wang, Robert H. Mach
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Sigma-2 receptor binding sites, recently identified as progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) (Nature Communications, 2011; 2:380), are highly expressed in tumor cells. We have previously reported that measuring the sigma-2 receptor expression is a novel strategy for evaluating the proliferative status of tumors in vivo using the non-invasive imaging technique, positron emission tomography (PET). Our group has developed a series of sigma-2 receptor radioligands as PET imaging probes, one sigma-2 receptor radiotracer [18F]ISO-1 is under clinical evaluation for imaging the proliferation status in the patients with different types of cancers. PGRMC1 depleted human ovarian SKOV-3 cancer cells have been reported to lack tumor formation in mice and PGRMC1 depleted tumors displayed poor microvasculature system (Endocrinology, 2009; 150:4846-4854). To further understand the regulation of PGRMC1 in cell cycle and cancer proliferation, we have stably transfected PGRMC1-eYFP, enhanced yellow fluorescent protein conjugated PGRMC1, into human pancreatic BxPC3 cancer cells and those cells were transplanted into immunodeficient nude mice to grow into solid tumors; subsequently, a traditional fluorescence imaging system and an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) were utilized for in vivo monitoring of BxPC3 cancer cells growth and observing the surrounding microvasculature development for those tumors under conditions of sigma-2 receptor/PGRMC1 overexpression. Tumor tissue sections were prepared and in vitro fluorescence microscopy analysis of PGRMC1-eYFP cells revealed that PGRMC1-eYFP overexpressed cells form cluster patterns which may represent the proliferation priority created by PGRMC1 overexpression. The subcellular localization of PGRMC1-eYFP appeared to be similar to that of sigma-2 receptors reported previously by our group using the sigma-2 receptor fluorescent probes (Cancer Res 2007; 67, 6708-6716). PGRMC1-eYFP BxPC3 cells were surrounded by fully developed microvasculature system. Further application of this in vivo imaging platform for evaluating the sigma-2 receptor pharmacology and imaging proliferation is ongoing in our group. (Supported by CA 102869 and CA136398). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 356. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-356
Purification of a distinct placental lactogen receptor, a new member of the growth hormone/prolactin receptor family.
Authors: M Freemark, M Comer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Recent findings from this laboratory suggest that the biological actions of placental lactogen (PL) in mammalian fetal tissues are mediated through binding of the hormone to a distinct and unique PL receptor. We have now purified this receptor from fetal and maternal sheep liver, characterized its binding to PL, growth hormone (GH), and prolactin (PRL), and determined its molecular weight by SDS-PAGE and by affinity cross-linking techniques. Soluble extracts containing specific, high-affinity (Kd 0.5 nM) PL binding activity were prepared by incubating ovine fetal and maternal liver microsomes with 1% Triton X-100. The detergent solubilized PL receptor was purified two- to threefold by ion-exchange chromatography and an additional twofold by gel exclusion chromatography on Sepharose 6B. The PL receptor was then purified 75,000- to 125,000-fold by affinity chromatography using a column of ovine PL (oPL) coupled to Affi-Gel 10. The molecular weight of the oPL receptor as determined by SDS-PAGE and by cross-linking techniques was 44,000 +/- 2,000 (range 40,000-48,000). The purified receptor bound 125I-oPL specifically and with high affinity (Kd 0.5 nM) but did not bind either radiolabeled ovine GH or ovine PRL. In addition, in competition studies using 125I-oPL as the radioligand, the purified PL receptor bound unlabeled oPL with a potency 30-50 times greater than that of ovine GH and 500-1,000 times greater than that of ovine PRL. These findings demonstrate the presence of a specific PL receptor in fetal and maternal sheep liver. The PL receptor, together with the GH and PRL receptors, constitute a family of distinct but related hormone receptors that differ in their relative affinities for PL, GH, and PRL. Changes in the expression of the three receptors may mediate changes in the hormonal control of growth during the transition from fetal to postnatal life.
Hereditary Amyloidosis, Indiana Type.
Authors: Mohsen Mahloudji
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Hereditary Amyloidosis, Indiana Type.Mohsen Mahloudji, M.B., Ch.B., Victor A. McKusick, M.D., F.A.C.P.Mohsen Mahloudji, M.B., Ch.B.Search for more papers by this author, Victor A. McKusick, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1029_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn a survey of neurologic disorders in Washington County, Md., eight presumably unrelated kindreds with peripheral neuropathy were discovered. This disorder has been shown to be familial amyloidosis of the so-called Indiana type to distinguish it from other forms of genetic amyloidosis such as the Andrade type and that of familial Mediterranean fever. Six of the kindreds have been traced to one ancestral couple. Although all are descended from early German immigrants, a common ancestor has not yet been identified. Over 70 affected persons are known. Thirty have been examined; reliable information is available on the others. Amyloidosis has been... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1029-1030KeywordsAmyloidosisFeversGenetic diseasesPeripheral neuropathy Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
SAT0037 Serum 14-3-3Eta Predicts the Risk of RA Development and Its Higher Titres Are Associated with Higher Risk
Authors: D. van Schaardenburg, W.P. Maksymowych, M. Boers, M.H. van Beers-Tas, A. Marotta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> 14-3-3eta (η) is a mechanistic biomarker that is useful in RA diagnosis. We have previously reported that its plasma expression precedes and independently predicts RA development in arthralgia subjects. 14-3-3η titres further improve the predictive value of variables such as ACPA, number of painful joints and alcohol non-use, which are independently associated with RA development. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether higher 14-3-3η serum cut-off informs a higher likelihood of RA development in arthralgia patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 14-3-3η plasma levels were measured in 148 consecutive arthralgia patients of whom 44 (30%) developed RA [median time to RA, 14.5 months, range (1-68)] and 104 did not. Entry into the cohort was based on the absence of clinical arthritis at baseline but a positive ACPA and/or IgM-RF status and a history of arthralgia. 14-3-3η positivity was defined by the diagnostic cut-off of ≥0.19 ng/ml and a second cut-off of ≥0.80 ng/ml was set at the 75th percentile serum level of the group that did not develop RA. Fisher exact test and stepwise multivariate analyses were performed to determine 14-3-3η9s association with other clinical/serological markers for RA development risk. Variables included in the model were ACPA positivity, alcohol non-use, VAS pain, morning stiffness and number of total painful joints. <h3>Results</h3> 14-3-3η median plasma levels were significantly higher in the group that developed RA [0.9 (0.2-6.9) vs 0.3 (0.2-0.8) ng/ml, p&lt;0.004]. ACPA levels were also differentially expressed (407 vs 54 IU/ml, p&lt;0.001). Age, gender and RF titres did not differ between the groups. The Fisher exact test revealed that 14-3-3η levels at ≥0.19 ng/ml were associated with RA development with a likelihood ratio (LR) of 5.7 (p=0.02), a relative risk (RR) of 2.2 (95%CI: 1.0-4.5) and more significantly so at ≥0.80 ng/ml with an LR of 9.3 (p=0.002) and a RR of 2.2 (95%CI, 1.3-3.5). Alcohol non-use 1.7 (95%CI: 1.1-2.8), p=0.02 and ACPA positivity 7.9 (95%CI: 2.6-24.1), p&lt;0.0001 but not RF, were also associated with RA development. In a multivariate analysis including these variables, 14-3-3η expression independently predicted RA development with a LR of 4.0 (p=0.05) at the ≥0.19ng/ml cut-off and more strongly so at the higher ≥0.80 ng/ml cut-off with a LR=5.9 (p=0.02). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Plasma 14-3-3η titres are independently associated with RA development and levels ≥0.80 ng/ml are associated with a higher likelihood of developing RA. These findings are consistent with the mechanistic understanding of 14-3-3η9s deleterious role in the pathophysiology of RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> D. van Schaardenburg: None declared, W. Maksymowych Consultant for: Augurex Life Sciences Corp, M. Boers: None declared, M. van Beers-Tas: None declared, A. Marotta Employee of: Augurex Life Sciences Corp <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3326
TCT-469 Frequency, Timing and Implications of Reinfarction after Primary Stenting in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The HORIZONS-AMI trial
Authors: Samantha Stone, Roxana Mehran, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giulio Guagliumi, Jan Peruga, Bruce Brodie, Dariusz Dudek, Martin Mockel, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ON THE LESIONS PRODUCED IN THE APPENDIX BY OXYURIS VERMICULARIS AND TRICHOCEPHALUS TRICHIURA
Authors: Russell L. Cecil, Kenneth Bulkley
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

1. In a study of 129 cases of appendicitis in children, we have found that in nineteen of them (15 per cent.) the appendix contained Oxyuris vermicularis or Trichocephalus trichiura. 2. The oxyuris is much the commoner of the two parasites, occurring seventeen times, while the trichocephalus was found only twice. 3. In fifteen out of the nineteen cases, the parasites were associated with a non-suppurative catarrhal type of appendicitis. If the four cases of catarrhal oxyuris appendicitis of adults be also included, it may be said that 83 per cent. of the cases of appendicitis associated with parasites have been of the catarrhal type. In the four remaining cases, the appendix was gangrenous. The cellular changes noted in the catarrhal cases have been distension of the crypts with mucus, hyperplasia of the lymph follicles, and in some cases, the presence of a few leukocytes in the muscularis and serosa. 4. In thirteen of the nineteen cases (70 per cent.), there have been noted, in addition to the cellular changes, certain lesions in the mucosa, unquestionably produced by the parasite. Of the six cases in which no specific lesions were demonstrated, the extensive gangrene in three of them might have obliterated specific lesions had they been present. Specific lesions were not demonstrated in any one of the four adult cases. 5. The oxyuris injures the mucosa by breaking through the lining epithelium and burrowing into the lymph follicles for a greater or less distance. Its invasion is usually accompanied by extravasation of blood into the surrounding lymphoid tissue, and its escape through the ruptured mucosa. In some cases, the oxyuris produces hemorrhagic ulcers in the mucous membrane, the edges of which are undermined and the bases formed by the submucosa. A characteristic feature of the oxyuris lesions is the absence of inflammatory reaction about them, except in those cases where there is secondary bacterial infection. 6. In some instances, the oxyuris may become encapsulated in the mucosa with fibrous tissue, and itself undergo hyaline degeneration. Such a process constitutes a healed oxyuris lesion. 7. The trichocephalus attacks the mucous membrane of the appendix in a manner similar to that described for the oxyuris, and there is the same absence of inflammation about the invading parasite. The trichocephalus, however, instead of invading a lymph follicle, shows a tendency to burrow along just beneath the columnar epithelium. 8. The conclusion to be drawn from these facts is that oxyuris and trichocephalus, when they occur in a diseased appendix, are, in most cases, the existing cause of the pathological changes found.