tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The CARE‐HF study (CArdiac REsynchronisation in Heart Failure study): rationale, design and end‐points
Authors: J.G.F. Cleland, J.C. Daubert, E. Erdmann, N. Freemantle, D. Gras, L. Kappenberger, W. Klein, L. Tavazzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2001)
Preparing the 21st century global healthcare workforce
Authors: Sheri D Pruitt, JoAnne E Epping-Jordan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

To meet the growing global demands of caring for the increasing numbers of patients with chronic conditions, we need to develop a new approach to training 

Chronic conditions currently account for more than half of the global disease burden and are a primary challenge for 21st century healthcare systems.1 This is a dramatic shift from the health concerns of the 20th century, when acute infectious diseases were the primary focus in every country. While the world is experiencing a rapid transition from acute diseases to chronic health problems, training of the healthcare workforce, however, relies on early 20th century models that emphasise diagnosis and treatment of acute diseases. Educational leaders, health professional bodies, and the World Health Organization recognise such models as inadequate for health workers caring for a growing population of patients with health problems that persist across decades or lifetimes.2–5 Training should be restructured to include a new set of core competencies (knowledge, skills, abilities, personal qualities, experience, or other characteristics)—new “tricks” that prepare 21st century health workers to manage today's most prevalent health problems.

The global crisis in the healthcare workforce has attracted much attention in recent years.6–10 There is a global imbalance of human resources for health and, in particular, a shortage of healthcare workers in developing countries.11

Clearly, the scarcity of healthcare workers is cause for concern. Unchecked migration of the workforce from rural to urban areas and from poor to wealthy countries has dire consequences for the health of those living in abandoned communities. The sole focus on the quantity of healthcare workers, however, has obscured a second but equally troubling issue: the quality of the training and preparation of the workforce. There is an obvious mismatch between the most prevalent health problems (that is, chronic …
Follow-up screening of lead-poisoned children near an auto battery recycling plant, Haina, Dominican Republic.
Authors: B Kaul, R S Sandhu, C Depratt, F Reyes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

In August 1997 we performed a follow-up survey of 146 lead-poisoned children from a community near a previously active auto battery recycling smelter in Haina near Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Our follow-up survey confirmed a severe incidence of elevated blood lead (BPb) and erythrocyte protoporphyrin/zinc protoporphyrin (EP-ZnPP) levels. The mean BPb level was 32 micrograms/dL and the mean EP-ZnPP level was 128 micrograms/dL. The frequency distribution of BPb showed that only 9% of the children had BPb levels below the currently acceptable 10 micrograms/dL threshold level, 23% had between 10 and 19 micrograms/dL, 40% had between 20 and 39 micrograms/dL, 27% had between 40 and 99 micrograms/dL, and the remainder had > 100 micrograms/dL. These findings are significantly greater than the mean BPb and EP-ZnPP levels of 14 and 35 micrograms/dL, respectively, in a comparison group of 63 children in Barsequillo, 4 miles away. BPb frequency distributions for these groups were < 10 micrograms/dL (42%), 10-19 micrograms/dL (32%), and 20-39 micrograms/dL (16%); in the remaining 10%, BPb levels were between 40 and 99 micrograms/dL. Similarly, the corresponding frequency distribution of EP-ZnPP levels in Haina children were proportional to the severity of lead poisoning and significantly higher than those of the Barsequillo comparison group. This study reveals that at least 28% of Haina children require immediate treatment; of these, 5% with lead levels > 70 micrograms/dL are also at risk for severe neurologic sequelae, and urgent action is imperative.
Iron granules in plasma cells: A particular morphologic aspect
Authors: Guido D'Angelo, Paolo Cueroni, Ivano Cosini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

blood cell count increased from 0.4 X 10yL to 1.0 X 109/L in the first 10 days, only to exhibit an accelerated rise afterwards, the count reaching 36.5 X 109L on the 14th day.G-CSF was therefore discontinued (Fig. I).The peripheal smear revealed 2% blasts, 3% promyelocytes, 5% metamyelocytes, 14% bands, S8% polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 12% lymphocytes, and 6% normohlasts.Bone marrow aspirate exhibited hypercellularity and marked myeloid hyperplasia (myeloid/erythroid ratio, 8: I), with 1.0% blasts.The white blood cell count declined to 4.6 X 109/L in a period of 8 days.Daily peripheral blood smear examinations revealed the gradual resolution of leukoerythroblastosis.Subsequent bone marrow aspiration was unremarkable except for mild erythroid hyperplasia, with a blast count ofO.S%.On the confirmation of remission, the patient was discharged and was followed as an outpatient on a monthly basis.The patient is well and free of any evidence of relapse after 6 months of follow-up.The exclusion of other possible causes of leukoerythroblastosis such as invasion of the bone marrow with the leukemic clone or infections and the absence of acute hemolysjs or sepsis together with resolution of the condition after the discontinuation of treatment have defined G-CSF as the responsible factor for this unexpected finding.After 6 months of follow-up, the patient remains in remission, which can be taken as evidence that leukoerythroblastosis associated with G-CSF administration is a transient and benign condition.We agree with Reykdal et al. [I] that the appearance of blasts may not always indicate relapse, such unexpected effects of G-CSF should always be kept in mind.
Duck hepatitis B virus polymerase gene mutants associated with resistance to lamivudine have a decreased replication capacity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Béatrice Seignères, Stéphanie Aguesse-Germon, Christian Pichoud, Isabelle Vuillermoz, Catherine Jamard, Christian Trépo, Fabien Zoulim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Impact of Mechanical Unloading on Microvasculature and Associated Central Remodeling Features of the Failing Human Heart
Authors: Stavros G. Drakos, Abdallah G. Kfoury, Elizabeth H. Hammond, Bruce B. Reid, Monica P. Revelo, Brad Y. Rasmusson, Kevin J. Whitehead, Mohamed E. Salama, Craig H. Selzman, Josef Stehlik, Stephen E. Clayson, Michael R. Bristow, Dale G. Renlund, Dean Y. Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Isolated Tricuspid-Valve Stenosis
Authors: Wolf Sapirstein, Clare B. Baker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

ISOLATED tricuspid-valve stenosis is a rare cardiac abnormality. Five cases have been reported in the literature.1 2 3 4 By contrast, tricuspid stenosis associated with other valvular or congenital cardiac anomaly is well documented. A case of isolated tricuspid stenosis, successfully corrected by digital commissurotomy, is described in this report, with a review of the literature.Case ReportMrs. M.G. was first seen in consultation at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, at 37 years of age. A heart murmur had been diagnosed 28 years previously, and she had been followed at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. She remained entirely symptom free during adolescence . . .
Movements of the Mitral Valve Annulus
Authors: M. K. A. Dayem, C. M. Oakley, L. Preger, R. E. Steiner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1967)

Eight patients with normal mitral valves and seven patients with a mitral prosthesis were studied by angiocardiography and the movement of the mitral ring analysed. The atrioventricular ring moved in an identical fashion in the two groups, although the papillary muscles and chordae tendineae had been resected in the group with a prosthesis. Either the papillary muscles are not important in governing the movement of the annulus or their function can be performed by other portions of cardiac muscle.
Elevated Vasopressin and Bulimia
Authors: Elaine Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The impact of cleft lip and palate repair on maxillofacial growth
Authors: Bing Shi, Joseph E Losee
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

Surgical correction is central to current team-approached cleft treatment. Cleft surgeons are always concerned about the impact of their surgical maneuver on the growth of the maxilla. Hypoplastic maxilla, concaved mid-face and deformed dental arch have constantly been reported after cleft treatments. It is very hard to completely circumvent these postoperative complications by current surgical protocols. In this paper, we discussed the factors that inhibit the maxillofacial growth on cleft patients. These factors included pre-surgical intervention, the timing of cleft palate and alveolae repair, surgical design and treatment protocol. Also, we made a review about the influence on the maxillary growth in un-operated cleft patients. On the basis of previous researches, we can conclude that most of scholars express identity of views in these aspects: early palatoplasty lead to maxilla growth inhibition in all dimensions; secondary alveolar bone graft had no influence on maxilla sagittal growth; cleft lip repair inhibited maxilla sagittal length in patients with cleft lip and palate; Veau's pushback palatoplasty and Langenbeck's palatoplasty with relaxing incisions were most detrimental to growth; Furlow palatoplasty showed little detrimental effect on maxilla growth; timing of hard palate closure, instead of the sequence of hard or soft palate repair, determined the postoperative growth. Still, scholars hold controversial viewpoints in some issues, for example, un-operated clefts have normal growth potential or not, pre-surgical intervention and pharyngoplasty inhibited maxillofacial growth or not. The timing of hard palate closure is important for preserving the normal growth of the upper jaw (maxilla) and palate after cleft surgery. Cleft surgeons are concerned surgery will restrict growth of the maxilla. Led by Shi Bing from the West China School of Stomatology in Sichuan, the researchers reviewed studies on surgically related growth inhibition among cleft patients. The extent of growth restriction in cleft lip repair is related to the severity of the original deformity, whereas in palate repair it is related to early reconstruction. A 25-year follow-up study found that 60% of patients had normal maxillary growth when their soft palate was repaired at 4–6 months and hard palate closure was delayed until 18–24 months. Another study by the review authors found the timing of hard palate closure affects post-operative growth.
PTU-070 Fine mapping of the IL-2/IL-21 and IL2RA loci in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Abstract PTU-070 Table 1
Authors: B Srivastava, G F Mells, H J Cordell, A Muriithi, M Brown, E Ellinghaus, A Franke, T H Karlsen, R N Sandford, G J Alexander, R W Chapman, S M Rushbrook, E Melum
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Recent genetic studies in Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic bile duct disease, have shown suggestive association at <i>IL-2/21</i> (4q27) and <i>IL2RA</i> (10p15). IL-2 and IL2RA are key regulators of immune tolerance. To further refine association at 4q27 and 10p15, a fine mapping study was undertaken in 1030 British PSC cases and 5162 healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> For SNP selection, 80 Kbp and 564 Kbp regions were selected on 10p15 and 4q27, respectively, and SNP data from HapMap Data Rel 24/phase II was used to identify tag SNPs with Haploview v4.2. 62 tag SNPs were genotyped on a Sequenom platform. Control genotype data were available for 62 SNPs, previously genotyped in the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC 2). 59 SNPs (28 at 4q27 and 31 at 10p15) passed quality control and were analysed using logistic regression in PLINK v1.07. For selected SNPs, previously published summary statistics<sup>1</sup> were used to perform a meta-analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Significant association (p&lt;8.5×10<sup>−4</sup>) corrected for multiple testing (Bonferroni method) was observed for one SNP at 4q27 and three SNPs at 10p15 (Abstract PTU-070 table 1). In addition, nominal significance (p&lt;0.05) was seen for 9/27 SNPs at 4q27 and 10/28 SNPs at 10p15. Genome-wide significance (p&lt;5×10<sup>−8</sup>) was observed for rs4147359 (10p15) in the combined analysis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study confirms the IL2RA and IL-2/IL-21 locus association in PSC suggesting a role of adaptive immune responses. Genetic variants at these loci are associated with autoimmune diseases. Association of PSC with variants at these loci could imply not only a shared genetic risk with other diseases but also identify the immunological pathways favouring disease development. Functional studies are now required to identify the causative gene or genes to facilitate rapid translation to the discovery of novel therapeutics. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Melum E</b>, <i>et al. Nat Genet</i> 2011;<b>43</b>:17–19.
Pudendal (Labial) Hernia
Authors: Gilbert Hermann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

PUDENDAL or labial hernia results from a defect in the muscle or fascia of the outlet of the pelvis. A protrusion of peritoneum or viscera through this defect can present as a mass in either labium. It is a relatively rare condition, less than 90 cases having been reported in the English literature up to 1951 and none since then. The possibly disastrous consequences of mistaking this unusual hernia for a benign cyst or abscess have prompted the following case report.Case ReportM.R. (M.G.H. 929429), a 62-year-old widow, gravida 6, para 3, entered the hospital for the 1st time . . .
Effects of air pollution on emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses in Montreal, Quebec.
Authors: R J Delfino, A M Murphy-Moulton, R T Burnett, J R Brook, M R Becklake
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

As an approach to evaluating the public health burden from current air pollution levels, we examined the relationship of daily emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory illnesses (25 hospitals, average 98 visits/d) to air pollution in Montreal, Canada, from June through September, 1992 and 1993. Air pollutants measured included ozone (O3), particulate matter diameter < 10 microm (PM10) and < 2.5 microm (PM2.5), the sulfate fraction of PM2.5 (SO4), and aerosol strong acidity (H+). Temporal trends, autocorrelation, and weather were controlled for in time-series regressions. For 1992, no significant associations with ER visits were found. However, 33% of the particulate data were missing. For 1993, 1-h maximum O3, PM10, PM2.5, and SO4 were all positively associated with respiratory visits for patients over 64 yr of age (p < 0.02). An increase to the mean level of 1-h maximum O3 (36 ppb) was associated with a 21% increase over the mean number of daily ER visits (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8 to 34%). Effects of particulates were smaller, with mean increases of 16% (4 to 28%), 12% (2 to 21%) and 6% (1 to 12%) for PM10, PM2.5, and SO4, respectively. Relative mass effects were PM2.5 > PM10 > SO4. Ozone and PM10 levels never exceeded 67 ppb and 51 microg/m3, respectively (well below the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards of 120 ppb and 150 microg/m3, respectively). The present findings have public health implications with regard to the adverse health effects of urban photochemical air pollution on older individuals.
Prior Treatments in a Group of Tinnitus Sufferers Seeking Treatment
Authors: Gerhard Andersson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1997)

<i>Background:</i> Tinnitus is a common problem for which many treatments have been proposed and implemented. Patients tend to seek renewed treatment after treatment failure. The aim of this descriptive study was to describe a group of consecutive tinnitus patients in terms of prior treatments received. <i>Methods:</i> Sixty-nine tinnitus patients seeking treatment were asked about prior treatments and completed the short Tinnitus Effect Questionnaire (TEQ). Four groups were obtained: No treatment (n = 24), acupuncture (n = 19), relaxation (n = 13), and other treatments (n = 13). Six subscales were derived from the TEQ measuring helplessness, capacity for rest, acceptability of change, emotional effects, hearing speech and sounds, and ability to ignore. The groups were compared with multivariate analyses of covariance and Tukey's post-hoc tests. <i>Results:</i> Results showed minor differences between the groups, the exception being that the untreated group showed more acceptability for change. <i>Conclusions:</i> Clinicians should be aware of the fact that patients may have tried at least one treatment when entering the audiology clinic. Controlled studies are needed in order to avoid the spread of nonspecific and non-effective treatments in the management of tinnitus.
Protective effects of retrograde compared with antegrade cardioplegia on right ventricular systolic and diastolic function during coronary bypass surgery.
Authors: E J Eichhorn, J T Diehl, M A Konstam, D D Payne, D N Salem, R J Cleveland
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The effect of retrograde cardioplegia delivered through the right atrium on right ventricular performance has not been critically examined in humans. We randomized 20 patients with right coronary artery lesions to receive cold blood cardioplegia solution either retrograde through the right atrium (group 1, n = 10) or antegradely (group 2, n = 10). The patients were similar in age, sex, severity of coronary artery disease, cross-clamp time, and completeness of revascularization. Before operation, right ventricular function was assessed by radionuclide ventriculography, and 18-24 hours after operation, right ventricular volumes and performance were assessed at a constant-paced heart rate by simultaneous hemodynamic-radionuclide measurements, before and after a fluid challenge. Intraoperative right ventricular temperatures were not different between the groups. Right ventricular volumes and ejection fractions were not different at baseline. After operation, at similar heart rates and loading conditions, there was a trend for the antegrade group to increase right ventricular end-systolic volume (p less than 0.1) whereas the retrograde group had no change in this parameter from the preoperative state. Postoperative ventricular function curves (p = NS, retrograde versus antegrade) suggest equivalent systolic performance in both groups. Right ventricular diastolic performance showed no significant differences between the two groups, suggesting no detriment to compliance due to right ventricular distension during operation. This suggests that retrograde cardioplegia adequately protects the right ventricular myocardium during bypass surgery and may be used as an alternative procedure in situations where ventricular cooling is inadequate with antegrade delivery due to severe coronary artery disease or aortic valvular disease.
Aortic valvulitis complicating Wegener's granulomatosis.
Authors: A D Fox, S E Robbins
Journal: Thorax (1994)

In a case of Wegener9s granulomatosis aortic valve replacement was performed for worsening congestive cardiac failure secondary to aortic incompetence. Two paravalvular lesions and an isolated intraleaflet deficiency of the non-coronary cusp were identified at operation. Histological changes were consistent with a connective tissue disease.
THE EXAMINATION OF THE RECTUM AND THE FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS WITH REFLECTED LIGHT.
Authors: W. F. MITCHELL
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In the examination of the rectum or the female genital organs, it is the usual custom of the physician to introduce the speculum and cast the eye in proper range to view the parts exposed. In so doing, he proposes to have all the light in his favor by placing his patient on the chair with the light from the window to enter the cavity exposed. In making the examination, he must of necesity throw his head in such position to obscure to a degree the entrance of the full volume of light and beside his position is such he can take only a partial survey of the parts at one time. It occurred to me from the use of the laryngoscope a person could with ease and much more fully obtain an entire view of the rectal or vaginal passages by using the same plan as in the examination
Inhaled mometasone furoate reduces oral prednisone requirements while improving respiratory function and health-related quality of life in patients with severe persistent asthma
Authors: James E. Fish, Jill P. Karpel, Timothy J. Craig, George W. Bensch, Michael Noonan, D.Robert Webb, Bernard Silverman, Eric J. Schenkel, Anthony R. Rooklin, Joe W. Ramsdell, Robert Nathan, Jeffrey G. Leflein, Jay Grossman, David F. Graft, Richard G. Gower, Stuart M. Garay, Evangelo Frigas, Arthur C. DeGraff, Edwin A. Bronsky, David I. Bernstein, William Berger, Lucy Shneyer, Keith B. Nolop, Judy E. Harrison
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
The enhancement of the immune response against S. equi antigens through the intranasal administration of poly-ɛ-caprolactone-based nanoparticles
Authors: H.F. Florindo, S. Pandit, L. Lacerda, L.M.D. Gonçalves, H.O. Alpar, A.J. Almeida
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)