tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Confusing Nomenclature in Renal Histology
Authors: NEIL STEINMETZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 March 1971Confusing Nomenclature in Renal HistologyNEIL STEINMETZNEIL STEINMETZSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-3-451_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I wish to point out a confusion of nomenclature in the December 1970 issue of the ANNALS. To describe renal histopathology Rapoport and associates (1) define glomerular lesions as either generalized (involving all glomeruli) or focal (involving some and sparing others) and as either diffuse (extending throughout the involved glomerulus) or segmental (affecting only part of an involved glomerulus). Thus, each lesion is uniquely described by two terms, one from each pair of descriptors. This terminology is simple and straightforward and was obviously acceptable to the editor. Yet in the very next article Baldwin and colleagues (2)...References1. RAPOPORTDAVIDSONDEVEBES ADG: Idiopathic focal proliferative nephritis associated with persistent hematuria and normal renal function. Ann Intern Med 73:921-928, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar2. BALDWINLOWENSTEINROTHFIELD DJN: The clinical course of the proliferative and membranous forms of lupus nephritis. Ann Intern Med 73:929-942, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1971Volume 74, Issue 3Page: 451-451KeywordsHistologyHistopathologyLesions Issue Published: 1 March 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Herpes and cytomegalovirus esophagitis
Authors: A. Albuquerque, H. Cardoso, A. Ribeiro, E. Rios, R. Silva, J. Magalhães, G. Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 46-year-old man who underwent a liver transplant in 2001 for fulminant hepatitis of unknown etiology was diagnosed with a liver non-Hodgkin lymphoma (post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease) in 2011. Some months later, he developed an acute hepatocellular rejection that was treated with high doses of steroids.
How Accurate Are Insulin Mixtures Prepared by the Patient?
Authors: Christian Berne, Gunnar Eriksson, Per Lundgren
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

The accuracy of mixing two types of insulin in one syringe was studied in 41 insulin-dependent diabetic patients who prepared a mixture of two fluids (saline and sterile water) with either a disposable, 1-ml plastic syringe with a fixed needle, i.e., with a small dead space, or one equipped with a separate needle. Syringes with fixed needles delivered the two components very accurately and were associated with only slight wastage of insulin of 0.011 ml per injection. The syringe with a separate needle delivered 0.033–0.065 ml more than the intended dose of the “first insulin” and correspondingly less of the intended dose of the “second insulin,” since the total dose delivered was approximately correct. The magnitude of the insulin wastage of two daily injections was calculated to be 64 ml per patient annually, which could be reduced to 8 ml per patient if fixed needles were used. It is therefore recommended that patients preparing mixtures of two insulins in the same syringe abandon syringes with separate needles.
Vitellogenesis as a biomarker for estrogenic contamination of the aquatic environment.
Authors: J P Sumpter, S Jobling
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

A rapidly increasing number of chemicals, or their degradation products, are being recognized as possessing estrogenic activity, albeit usually weak. We have found that effluent from sewage treatment works contains a chemical, or mixture of chemicals, that induces vitellogenin synthesis in male fish maintained in the effluent, thus indicating that the effluent is estrogenic. The effect was extremely pronounced and occurred at all sewage treatment works tested. The nature of the chemical or chemicals causing the effect is presently not known. However, we have tested a number of chemicals known to be estrogenic to mammals and have shown that they are also estrogenic to fish; that is, no species specificity was apparent. Many of these weakly estrogenic chemicals are known to be present in effluents. Further, a mixture of different estrogenic chemicals was considerably more potent than each of the chemicals when tested individually, suggesting that enhanced effects could occur when fish are exposed simultaneously to various estrogenic chemicals (as is likely to occur in rivers receiving effluent). Subsequent work should determine whether exposure to these chemicals at the concentrations present in the environment leads to any deleterious physiological effects.
Attachment Behavior in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Richard M. Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1986)

ILLNESS and hospitalization are major stresses that mobilize intense fears: fears of death, injury, loss of control, stranger anxiety, and separation anxiety. Despite these stresses, most people will enter the hospital and assume the patient role. One important way people adapt to the patient role is by finding a physician who explains their symptoms in a way they can understand. The physician occupies a social position of respect, reverence, and influence comparable with the parental role.<sup>1</sup> Many theoretical models (paternalism, legal, economic, religious, physician conscience)<sup>2-4</sup>have been proposed to explain the relationship between the physician and the patient. The concept of transference, the unconscious assignment to others of feelings and attitudes that were originally associated with important figures in one's early life, is usually invoked as a major underpinning of the physician-patient relationship. Another model, which complements and extends other notions about interactions between physicians and their patients,
Hierarchical scaffold design for mesenchymal stem cell-based gene therapy of hemophilia B
Authors: Daniel L. Coutu, Jessica Cuerquis, Rouwayda El Ayoubi, Kathy-Ann Forner, Ranjan Roy, Moïra François, May Griffith, David Lillicrap, Azizeh-Mitra Yousefi, Mark D. Blostein, Jacques Galipeau
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Evaluation of Headache and Regional Cerebral Flood Flow in Patients With Migraine
Authors: Mu-hua Cheng, Sheng-lin Wen, Han jian Zhou, Bian Lian-fang, Jian-fang Li, Liang-jun Xie
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The aim of this study is to observe the abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in migraine patients and to evaluate its relation to the severity of the headache in patients with migraine.The rCBF imaging was done on 19 patients with migraine and 15 normal controls using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The abnormal character of cerebral perfusion function was analyzed with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software, and the headache grade of patients was evaluated with the headache severity measuring scale.The results of SPM analysis demonstrated a decreased rCBF on both sides of the frontal and temporal lobes, left parietal lobe, and right occipital lobe (P < 0.001), and increased rCBF focus on the left prefrontal lobe and right temporal lobe (P < 0.001). The headache scores in migraineurs were correlated to the rCBF on the bilateral temporal lobes and right frontal lobe (P < 0.001).The migraineurs had lower rCBF at the frontal and temporal lobes, and the lower rCBF was correlated to the degree of headache.
Spontaneous T<sub>H</sub>1 cytokine production by intraepithelial but not circulating T cells in infants with or without food allergies
Authors: M. A. Pérez‐Machado, P. Ashwood, F. Torrente, C. Salvestrini, R. Sim, M. A. Thomson, J. A. Walker‐Smith, S. H. Murch
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: It has been established that the maintenance of immunological tolerance to dietary antigen and the intestinal flora (oral tolerance) is an actively‐maintained process dependent upon mucosal lymphocyte populations. Early life exposures appear critical in the development of such tolerance. However little is known about the activation status of mucosal lymphocytes in human infancy and childhood. Patients and methods: We have performed flow cytometric analysis for cell lineage and cytokine‐production status in peripheral blood and duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes taken during endoscopy from 20 children [median age 2.9 ± 0.6 years (median ± SE)] in whom investigation found no intestinal abnormalities (histologically normal controls) and 30 children (median age 1.6 ± 0.4 years) with confirmed allergy to cow's milk and other dietary antigens. Results: Regardless of clinical status, spontaneous production of cytokines was low or undetectable in peripheral blood cells. By contrast, intraepithelial CD4 and CD8 cells isolated from the small intestine were often activated, with 5% or more showing spontaneous production of T H 1 type [interleukin‐2, interferon (IFN)‐ γ ] cytokines in both normal controls and food‐allergic children. Stimulation in vitro strongly induced cytokine production in peripheral blood but not intraepithelial lymphocytes. Immunohistochemistry showed similar density of IFN‐ γ + intraepithelial lymphocytes in controls and allergic children. Conclusions: Duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes in human infants show a state of increased spontaneous activation compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes, and show no significant impairment of T H 1 responses in food allergic children.
Porous gelatin cryogels as cell delivery tool in tissue engineering
Authors: S. Van Vlierberghe, V. Cnudde, B. Masschaele, P. Dubruel, I. De Paepe, P.J.S. Jacobs, L. Van Hoorebeke, R. Unger, C.J. Kirkpatrick, E.H. Schacht
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF THE MINNEAPOLIS SCHOOL CHILD
Authors: F. E. Harrington
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor:  —The question of malnutrition, undernourishment, rickets and other evidences of food deficiency has been under constant observation in Minneapolis, with reference to the child of school age, for nearly two years.  In response to a questionnaire from the Surgeon General of the U. S. Public Health Service, a report was made in March, 1932, following a survey made by sixty-four school nurses and eleven school physicians. The tabulation of this survey showed that the children attending the public schools of Minneapolis showed no increase in nutritional disturbances resulting from insufficient diet, as compared with the previous two calendar years. A second survey was made in the school system through the agency of the school nurses in June, 1932, The result of this survey was similar to the one made in the early part of the year.  Reports from schools where public relief families predominate tend to show
Clinical features of pulmonary lesions in sickle-cell anaemia.
Authors: M C Petch, G R Serjeant
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Acute pulmonary diseases in patients with sickle-cell anaemia are usually diagnosed as pneumonia, but in our experience their rate of resolution and clinical course is different from pneumonia occurring in patients with normal haemoglobins.To confirm this we analysed the clinical course of these pulmonary episodes in a group of patients with sickle-cell anaemia and compared them with a control group of patients with acute lobar pneumonia. PATIENTS AND METHODSTwenty-eight adult patients (8 male and 20 female) with sickle-cell anaemia were admitted to the University Hospital with a diagnosis-of pneumonia during the period 1957-69.Age at admission varied from 11 to 55 years (mean 24-1 years).The diagnosis of sickle-cell anaemia was based on the finding of only haemoglobins S, F, and A on electrophoresis, normal A2 values, characteristic red cell morphology, and family studies where possible.Cases of sickle thalassaemia and-Hb SC disease were excluded.A control group of 28 patients (19 male and 9 female) with acute lobar pneumonia was selected from admissions to the medical wards.They were closely matched for age to the
Skin Picking Disorder
Authors: Jon E. Grant, Brian L. Odlaug, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Nancy J. Keuthen, Christine Lochner, Dan J. Stein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Although skin picking has been documented in the medical literature since the 19th century, only now is it receiving serious consideration as a DSM psychiatric disorder in discussions for DSM-5. Recent community prevalence studies suggest that skin picking disorder appears to be as common as many other psychiatric disorders, with reported prevalences ranging from 1.4% to 5.4%. Clinical evaluation of patients with skin picking disorder entails a broad physical and psychiatric examination, encouraging an interdisciplinary approach to evaluation and treatment. Approaches to treatment should include cognitive-behavioral therapy (including habit reversal or acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy) and medication (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, N-acetylcysteine, or naltrexone). Based on clinical experience and research findings, the authors recommend several management approaches to skin picking disorder.
Failure of Self-Expanding Plastic Stents in Treatment of Refractory Benign Esophageal Strictures
Authors: S. Triester, D. Fleischer, V. Sharma
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A removable, self-expanding plastic stent (SEPS) has recently been approved in the United States for management of refractory benign esophageal stricture (RBES), but data on its use are quite limited. Five patients with RBES (two anastomotic, one radiation-induced, one caustic, one peptic) underwent placement of a SEPS at our institution. All five patients developed complications related to SEPS placement. Three patients had distal stent migration, one patient had localized esophageal perforation at the proximal margin of the stent and, following stent placement, one patient developed severe chest pain associated with ulceration at the proximal stent margin. While placement of a removable SEPS is a conceptually attractive option for management of RBES, our initial results reveal a high rate of short-term complications. Modifications in stent design may prevent complications and allow adequate time for stricture remodeling.
Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Iowa Farmers
Authors: Paul R. Pomrehn
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Analysis of 62,000 deaths in Iowa men aged 20 to 64 years from 1964 to 1978 indicates that Iowa farm men younger than 65 years have lower than expected mortality for all causes and for ischemic heart disease. Using data gathered by the Iowa Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) Program Prevalence Study, we compared levels of known cardiovascular risk factors in farmers with those of nonfarmers residing in the same rural county. Farm men smoked less frequently (19% v 44%) and engaged in exercise more frequently (83% v 40%) than nonfarmers. Treadmill performance in farm men indicates a higher level of fitness in farmers. Farm people consumed more total calories and cholesterol, but drank less alcohol than nonfarmers. Farm men had significantly higher serum cholesterol levels. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also higher in farmers. However, when adjusted for age and exercise status, farmers and nonfarmers had similar lipid levels. The results of the LRC survey suggest that the lower mortality rates of Iowa farmers are a reflection of a life-style that includes vigorous exercise and little consumption of alcohol and tobacco.
The monocyte-derived neutrophil activating peptide (NAP/interleukin 8) stimulates human neutrophil arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase, but not the release of cellular arachidonate.
Authors: J M Schröder
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

LPS and mitogen-stimulated mononuclear cells secrete a cytokine, which is able to activate the PMNL-arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase. This cytokine has been proven to be identical with the recently characterized novel neutrophil-activating peptide NAP/IL-8. NAP/IL-8 is able to activate human PMNL for release of LTB4, omega-oxidized LTB4, and 5-HETE in the presence of exogenous AA. Half-maximal concentration of NAP/IL-8 for release of LTB4 has been found to be near 4 x 10(-8) mol/liter. Time course studies revealed rapid activation of PMNL, with maximal release of LTB4 within the first 10 min with a decline up to 40 min. High amounts of omega-oxidized LTB4 were detected up to that time. Significant amounts of AA-5-LO-products can be detected only when PMNL were stimulated with NAP/IL-8 in the presence of exogenous AA. The concentration of AA necessary for half-maximal LTB4 release has been found to be 3 x 10(-6) mol/liter. In the presence of 8 x 10(-9) mol/liter [3H]AA, NAP/IL-8 (10(-9) to 10(-7) mol/liter) did not induce the production of LTB4, omega-oxidized LTB4, or 5-HETE. In addition, PMNL prelabeled with [3H]AA did not release either [3H]AA or 5-lipoxygenase metabolites when stimulated with NAP/IL-8 (10(-9) to 10(-7) mol/liter), indicating that NAP/IL-8 apparently does not activate cellular phospholipases/diacylglycerol-lipases. Apart from FMLP, C5a, and PAF NAP/IL-8 is the fourth clearly characterized neutrophil chemotaxin able to activate the PMNL-5-lipoxygenase. The detection of large amounts of NAP/IL-8, arachidonic acid, as well as LTB4-like material, in lesional material of patients with psoriasis points towards a possibly important role of NAP/IL-8 in amplifying inflammatory processes by induction of LTB4-production.
Abstract 3034: Integrin αvβ3 drives Slug activation and stemness in the pregnant and neoplastic mammary gland
Authors: Jay S. Desgrosellier, Jacqueline Lesperance, Laetitia Seguin, Sanford J. Shattil, David A. Cheresh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract While integrin αvβ3 expression is linked to breast cancer progression its role in epithelial development is unclear. Here, we show that αvβ3 plays a critical role in adult mammary stem cells (MaSCs) during pregnancy. While αvβ3 is a luminal progenitor marker in the virgin gland, we noted increased αvβ3 expression in MaSCs at mid-pregnancy. Accordingly, mice lacking αvβ3 or expressing a signaling deficient receptor showed defective mammary gland morphogenesis during pregnancy. This was associated with decreased MaSC expansion, clonogenicity and expression of Slug, a master regulator of MaSCs. Surprisingly, αvβ3 deficient mice displayed normal development of the virgin gland with no effect on luminal progenitors. TGFβ2, but not RANKL, induced αvβ3 leading to Slug nuclear accumulation and MaSC clonogenicity. In human breast cancer cells, αvβ3 was necessary and sufficient for Slug activation and tumorsphere formation. Thus, pregnancy-associated MaSCs require a TGFβ2/αvβ3/Slug pathway, which may also contribute to breast cancer progression. Citation Format: Jay S. Desgrosellier, Jacqueline Lesperance, Laetitia Seguin, Sanford J. Shattil, David A. Cheresh. Integrin αvβ3 drives Slug activation and stemness in the pregnant and neoplastic mammary gland. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3034. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3034
NHS England's plans to cut specialised service providers from 270 to under 30 might not be "sensible," conference hears
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

NHS England’s plans for specialised services have been criticised at a Westminster Health Forum meeting in London on 25 February. John Murray, director of the Specialised Healthcare Alliance, warned that they needed better focus, a coherent approach to innovation, and no repeats of the “money chaos” that had occurred towards the end of last year.

Murray said that specialised commissioning was quite well placed compared with the rest of the NHS, with a single commissioner (NHS England) responsible for £12bn (€14.6bn; $20bn) of annual spending since April 2013 and 75 clinical reference groups set up to advise on each specialist area. The structure, he said, brought clinicians together and provided service specifications and commissioning policies for the whole of England.

But he warned that, compared with the previous structure, NHS England had fewer people running a much bigger budget. 

“They need to focus, and they haven’t in year …
Activation of the renin–angiotensin system within podocytes in diabetes
Authors: T.-H. Yoo, J.-J. Li, J.-J. Kim, D.-S. Jung, S.-J. Kwak, D.-R. Ryu, H.Y. Choi, J.S. Kim, H.J. Kim, S.H. Han, J.E. Lee, D.S. Han, S.-W. Kang
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Mainstream and Alternative Medicine
Authors: Linda L. Isaacs
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters17 May 2005Mainstream and Alternative MedicineLinda L. Isaacs, MDLinda L. Isaacs, MDFrom New York, NY 10016.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-10-200505170-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As a physician with more than a casual interest in alternative medicine, I was very pleased to read the editorial titled “Mainstream and Alternative Medicine: Converging Paths Require Common Standards” (1). I thought that it was a fair, constructive, and reasoned article, and I completely agree with its conclusions regarding the need for research in complementary and alternative medicine.It was ironic to read in the same issue of Annals the story of a physician who had an operation that in subsequent research was found to be ineffective for his condition and that probably contributed to his ...References1. Bondurant S, Sox HC. Mainstream and alternative medicine: converging paths require common standards [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:149-50. [PMID: 15657164] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Berwick DM. Improving patient care. My right knee. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:121-5. [PMID: 15657160] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Nadel MR, Shapiro JA, Klabunde CN, Seeff LC, Uhler R, Smith RA, et al. A national survey of primary care physicians' methods for screening for fecal occult blood. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:86-94. [PMID: 15657156] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From New York, NY 10016.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMainstream and Alternative Medicine: Converging Paths Require Common Standards Stuart Bondurant and Harold C. Sox My Right Knee Donald M. Berwick A National Survey of Primary Care Physicians' Methods for Screening for Fecal Occult Blood Marion R. Nadel , Jean A. Shapiro , Carrie N. Klabunde , Laura C. Seeff , Robert Uhler , Robert A. Smith , and David F. Ransohoff Metrics 17 May 2005Volume 142, Issue 10Page: 875KeywordsColorectal cancerComplementary and alternative medicineDeath ratesEvidence based medicineHematologic testsKneesOsteoarthritisPatients ePublished: 17 May 2005 Issue Published: 17 May 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...