tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
My Crowning Glory
Authors: Norma Glazer Jacobs
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The truth is I'm really not pretty. Attractive, not pretty. Nice eyes, good figure, but the real secret is my hair. At age 47 I still have coal-black tresses, managing the few gray strands with an eyebrow tweezer. It's a beautiful head of hair. My mother called it my "crowning glory" and taught me how to make the most of it. I remember all the styles and methods: corkscrew curls, frizzy permanent-wave machine curls, home permanent curls, pin curls every night of my teenaged life, ponytails, upsweeps, permission denied for the short Italian style of the 50s, and teased to tears in the 60s. Then I finally discovered Jamison, to whom I've entrusted my treasure for 20 years. Now I must part with my beautiful black hair. Soon I will lose it and replace it with an uncomfortable wig and little kerchiefs, rags—"schmates" as we say in Yiddish. I had
Colon and Rectal Surgery
Authors: Herand Abcarian
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Many operative procedures that were too new to evaluate in the 1970s are now, after having been tried for a decade, accepted as state-of-the-art in surgery. At the same time, great strides have been made in the standardization of various physiological studies of the anorectum. Many of these are now routinely performed in patients with intractable constipation, anal incontinence, and pelvic-floor abnormalities. In surgery of chronic ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis coli, total abdominal colectomy, mucosal proctectomy, and ileal pouch—anal anastomosis have effectively replaced total proctocolectomy and permanent ileostomy. Almost all patients have a temporary ileostomy for only three months after this major operation. Patients invariably prefer the physiological result of this operation. Early complications such as sepsis occur in 10% of patients and pouch ileitis occurs in another 7%.<sup>1</sup>Ninety-five percent of patients are continent of stool and gas, and soilage is seen in only 5% of patients.
Brief Internet-Based Intervention Reduces Posttraumatic Stress and Prolonged Grief in Parents after the Loss of a Child during Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anette Kersting, Ruth Dölemeyer, Jana Steinig, Franziska Walter, Kristin Kroker, Katja Baust, Birgit Wagner
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2013)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The loss of a child during pregnancy causes significant psychological distress for many women and their partners, and may lead to long-lasting psychiatric disorders. Internet-based interventions using exposure techniques and cognitive restructuring have proved effective for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and prolonged grief. This study compared the effects of an Internet-based intervention for parents after prenatal loss with a waiting list condition (WLC). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The Impact of Event Scale - Revised assessed symptoms of PTSD; the Inventory of Complicated Grief and the Brief Symptom Inventory assessed depression, anxiety, and general mental health. The 228 participants (92% female) were randomly allocated to a treatment group (TG; n = 115) or a WLC group (n = 113). The TG received a 5-week cognitive behavioral intervention including (1) self-confrontation, (2) cognitive restructuring, and (3) social sharing. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The TG showed significantly reduced symptoms of posttraumatic stress, prolonged grief, depression, and anxiety relative to the WLC control group. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed treatment effects of between d = 0.84 and d = 1.02 for posttraumatic stress and prolonged grief from pre- to posttreatment time points. Further significant improvement in all symptoms of PTSD and prolonged grief was found from the posttreatment evaluation to the 12-month follow-up. The attrition rate of 14% was relatively low. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The Internet-based intervention proved to be a feasible and cost-effective treatment, reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress, grief, depression, anxiety, and general mental health after pregnancy loss. Low-threshold e-health interventions should be further evaluated and implemented routinely to improve psychological support after pregnancy loss.
European countries need to work together
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2010)

This week (6-9 October) health policy makers and academics will converge on the Austrian mountain resort of Gastein for the 13th annual European Health Forum. Discussions will focus on whether health care in Europe is ready for the future. On the agenda are healthy ageing, health literacy, the workforce, and inevitably finance. Underlying these issues is a growing push to harmonise and consolidate policies across Europe.

In their editorial, Martin McKee and colleagues describe varying approaches to the economic crisis (doi:10.1136/bmj.c5308). While most European Union member states face serious budget cuts, some have increased funding for health as well as investing to limit …
Confusion From Pyridostigmine Bromide: Was There Bromide Intoxication?
Authors: Pierre-Etienne Senecal
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the February 23 issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Rothenberg et al<sup>1</sup>described a case of presumed bromism secondary to administration of repeated doses of pyridostigmine bromide. Their conclusion about the relationship between serum bromide and the altered mental status in this case may have other explanations. The following points deserve to be mentioned. First, the rapid resolution of symptoms is inconsistent with the half-life of the bromide ion. The half-life of bromide in serum is 12 days after oral administration. Toxicokinetic calculations, to estimate the bromide concentration 1 day before the actual serum sample was drawn, give a level of no more than 5.5 mmol/L. The single bromide level documented (5 mmol/L) is, as the authors noted, below what might be considered toxic. The therapeutic range for bromide as an antiepileptic drug is 12.5 to 18.8 mmol/L.<sup>2</sup>Levels below 7.5 mmol/L are usually not associated
NCEPOD: revisiting perioperative mortality.
Authors: S. J. Nixon
Journal: BMJ (1992)

legitimate goal of treatment: intermediate goals (such as stopping injecting) may be more realistic for some drug misusers.It may be a useful early step on the long journey of treatment.'The first needle exchange scheme in the United Kingdom opened in 1987, and there are now more than 130 such schemes in England."There are also extensive over the counter sales of needles in high street pharmacies.'2Main- tenance programmes using oral methadone, popular in other countries, may represent harm reduction in another guise.A prompt response to withdrawal crises-for example, when the normal illicit supply is interrupted or while the user is on remand or in custody'" '4-may be particularly important in avoiding the transition from smoking to injecting a drug.,sWhere does harm minimisation lead?Providing advice on safer injecting (and in some cases needles and syringes) fails to address the fundamental need for behavioural change.Alternative strategies are already being used, such as booklets giving advice on safer drug use'6 17 and the innovative comic for drug users, Smack in the Eye, which weaves health promotion into an alternative cartoon format.'8But orthodox medicine must also take up the challenge and explore these new territories.Why don't we already offer injecting drug users testing and vaccination for hepatitis B infection?'920Perhaps a case can be made for distributing ampoules of the opiate antagonist naloxone.Its potential for abuse is nil, the risks are probably minimal, and considerable benefit may accrue if drug users could give emergency doses of antagonist to fellow injectors who inadvertently overdose.Finally, we need to know more about how risk behaviour is changing.If a prescribing programme is intended to reduce the frequency of injecting or a needle exchange scheme is intended to reduce the frequency of sharing then measures of these behaviours are needed to monitor progress over time.Harm minimisation must now move to a stage where the critical researcher is not outlawed as a heretic but welcomed as a scientist.
ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN LIVER FAT ON CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS: THE MULTIETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Rajesh Tota-Maharaj, Matthew J. Budoff, Michael J. Blaha, Irfan Zeb, Ronit Katz, Ron Blankstein, Roger Blumenthal, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Desmoglein-1, differentiation, and disease
Authors: Christoph M. Hammers, John R. Stanley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Desmoglein-1 (DSG1), a desmosomal protein, maintains the structure of epidermis through its adhesive function. However, heterozygous mutations in DSG1 in humans result in abnormal differentiation, as does downregulation of DSG1 in human skin organ culture, suggesting that it may have important signaling functions. In this issue of the JCI, Harmon et al. elucidate how the binding of the DSG1 cytoplasmic tail to the scaffolding protein Erbin decreases signaling through the Ras-Raf pathway to promote stratification and differentiation of keratinocytes in the epidermis.
Importance of cardiometabolic risk factors in the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial stiffness in adolescents
Authors: Rae-Chi Huang, Lawrence J. Beilin, Oyekoya Ayonrinde, Trevor A. Mori, John K. Olynyk, Sally Burrows, Beth Hands, Leon A. Adams
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide and is regarded as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. In adults, NAFLD is a determinant of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk, independent of the metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to ascertain if NAFLD is associated with arterial stiffness, independent of cardiometabolic factors in a population-based cohort of adolescents. The 17-year-olds (n = 964) from an Australian birth cohort had measures of anthropometry, blood pressure, fasting insulin, glucose, lipids, and NAFLD by ultrasound. Two-step cluster analysis identified youth at high metabolic risk. Measures of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV] and augmentation index corrected for heart rate [AI@75]) were obtained using applanation tonometry. The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 13.3%. The "high risk" metabolic cluster at age 17 years included 16% males and 19% females. Compared to "low risk," the "high risk" cluster participants had greater waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin, systolic blood pressure, and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (all P < 0.0001). Those who had NAFLD but were not in the "high risk" metabolic cluster did not have increased PWV or AI@75. However, males and females who had NAFLD in the presence of the metabolic cluster had greater PWV (b = 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01 to 0.38, P = 0.037). Males who had NAFLD in the presence of the metabolic cluster had greater AI@75 (b = 6.3, 95% CI 1.9 to 10.7, P = 0.005).NAFLD is only associated with increased arterial stiffness in the presence of the "high risk" metabolic cluster. This suggests that arterial stiffness related to the presence of NAFLD is predicated on the presence of an adverse metabolic profile in adolescents.
Dissecting aortic aneurysm associated with congenital bicuspid aortic valve.
Authors: W D Edwards, D S Leaf, J E Edwards
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Among 119 cases of fatal dissecting aneurysm of the aorta, exclusive of those iatrogenically caused or associated with arachnodactyly or aortic stenosis, there were observed 11 cases of congenital bicuspid aortic valve (9%). The ages ranged from 17 to 69 years, five of the patients being 29 years old or younger. Among the latter, three had coarctation of the aorta and one had Turner's syndrome without coarctation. In one of the older patients, aortic insufficiency was present. Hypertension was either established or inferred from cardiac weight in 73% of the cases. In each case, cystic medial necrosis of the aorta was present. Prolapse of valves other than the aortic was observed in 45% of the cases with bicuspid aortic valve. Compared to an estimated incidence of bicuspid aortic valve of about 1 to 2% in the population, the high incidence among subjects with dissecting aneurysm suggests a causative relationship between bicuspid aortic valve and aortic dissecting aneurysm.
False-Positive Ga-67 Uptake in a Septic Patient After Severe Automobile Trauma
Authors: SOPHIE LANTSBERG, IRINA RACHINSKY, LUDMILA BOGUSLAVSKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Recent heterotopic calcifications in septic patients with multiple bone injuries after severe automobile trauma may accumulate Ga-67 and appear on the scan as areas of inflammation, causing misdiagnoses. The available literature contains only two reports of Ga-67 uptake within areas of heterotopic calcifications. In this case, post-traumatic paravertebral calcifications accumulated Ga-67 and simulated the presence of an infected hematoma. The CT and Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amineoxime leukocyte scans were helpful in establishing an accurate diagnosis. Post-traumatic heterotopic calcifications should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a focal area of Ga-67 uptake.
Abstract 3766: Effects of a high-fat meal on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered GSK2118436 in patients with BRAF mutation-positive tumors
Authors: Kenneth F. Grossmann, Jeffrey R. Infante, Patricia M. LoRusso, Sunil Sharma, Samuel C. Blackman, Stanley W. Carson, Elizabeth C. Krachey, Noelia Nebot, Daniele Ouellet, Michael S. Gordon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract GSK2118436 is a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of BRAF kinase activity that is currently being developed for the treatment of BRAF mutation-positive tumors. This study evaluated the effect of a high-fat meal on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of a single 150 mg oral dose of GSK2118436 administered to patients with BRAF-mutant solid tumors. This was an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover study. In a cohort of 14 patients, GSK2118436 was administered under fasted state or with a high-fat meal, with a 1-week washout between periods. Blood samples were collected up to 96 hours post-dose to characterize the PK of GSK2118436 and its circulating metabolites. PK parameters were calculated by non-compartmental methods (WinNonlin 5.2). Geometric mean ratios (fed/fasted) for the point estimate and 90% CIs were calculated for Cmax and AUC0-α, and median difference (90% CI) was calculated for tmax using the Hodges-Lehmann non-parametric method. The absence of a food effect can be concluded if the 90% CIs are contained between 0.8 and 1.25 for Cmax and AUC0-α. Following administration of a high-fat meal, median Cmax concentrations were delayed by 3.7 h (90% CI: 2.4-5.0) compared with the fasted state. A high-fat meal decreased the exposure to GSK2118436, with geometric mean ratios (90% CI) for Cmax and AUC0-α of 0.49 (0.35-0.69) and 0.69 (0.57-0.85), respectively. Metabolite exposures were decreased to a similar extent. Based on the data generated in this study, it appears that there is a food effect for GSK2118436, as the 90% CI are not contained within the acceptable boundaries of 0.8 and 1.25. In clinical studies GSK2118436 has been administered on an empty stomach, and results from this study are consistent with these recommendations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3766. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3766
PROMOTION OF REPLICATION IN LYMPHOID CELLS BY SPECIFIC THIOLS AND DISULFIDES IN VITRO
Authors: J. D. Broome, M. W. Jeng
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Numerous lines of mouse lymphoid tumors (13 of 22 tested) showed, with increased sensitivity, a property of normal mouse splenic lymphocytes, the potential for growth promotion in vitro by specific thiols added to standard culture media. For lymphoma L1210 (V), structure activity relationships were examined; 9 of 30 thiols promoted growth; the most active was α-thioglycerol, effective at 0.2 µM. Thiols became oxidized under conditions of tissue culture and had half-lives of less than 8 h. Disulfides of active thiols promoted growth of lymphoma cells. The mitogenic response of splenic lymphocytes to lectins was increased by thiols-disulfides which promoted the growth of lymphoma cells, but the response varied with the mitogen preparation used and under some conditions thiols-disulfides were inhibitory.
Protective action of beta-carotene against lethal photosensitization of fibroblasts in vitro*
Authors: P. FRITSCH, F. GSCHNAIT, H. HONIGSMANN, K. WOLFF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Cell culture experiments using haematoporphyrin photosensitized bovine hoof fibroblasts and long-wave uv-irradiation revealed two distinct and separable patterns of lethal photosensitization according to two different sensitization procedures: (1) Photosensitization of cell membranes by short exposure (5 min) of cells to haematoporphyrin. (2) Cytoplasmic photosensitization elicited by a 2 h exposure of cells to haematoporphyrin. Cell membrane photosensitization was reversible by incubation of cells in serum which removed surface bound haematoporphyrin; cytoplasmic photosensitization was irreversible. Beta-carotene was tested in these two systems and the following results were obtained: (1) Preincubation of bovine hoof fibroblasts in beta-carotene protects from lethal haematoporphyrin photosensitization. (2) Protection with beta-carotene is achieved against both types of photosensitization. (3) The protective effect of beta-carotene depends upon the duration of pretreatment, reaching a maximum after 7 days. (4) Beta-carotene protection is maintained even after trypsinization of bovine hoof fibroblasts and withdrawal of beta-carotene from the medium for 24 h or more. (5) Haematoporphyrin sensitized bovine hoof fibroblasts show a distinct pattern of red fluorescence for each type of photosensitization. Incubation of bovine hoof fibroblasts in beta-carotene prior to haematoporphyrin photosensitization results in a pronounced reduction of red fluorescence. Some of these data indicate that beta-carotene acts, at least in cell membrane photosensitization, at the level of the cell membrane into which it appears to be incorporated.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ASCITES DUE TO CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER.
Authors: J. F. BALDWIN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The number of cases in which operative procedures, as recommended by Talma and Morrison, have been resorted to, is still so small that each additional case is of interest and should be placed on record, to enable us to determine the value of the operation and its technic. I am able to report the following three cases: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —J. A. B., Oct. 9, 1900; aged 46; occupation, moulder; appetite, fair; bowels usually regular; urine normal; has had pain through the liver region at times for the last 3 or 4 years; had an attack of jaundice 23 years ago; is a constant and very heavy drinker of alcoholics; at times has a good deal of trouble with his stomach owing to an excess of mucus. Area of liver dulness is somewhat diminished. Has a small accumulation of ascitic fluid. <h3>Operation.</h3> —The patient having, from his history and physical signs,
FDA Labeling Requirement For Fresh Fruit
Authors: R. A. Seelig
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in response to a suit by the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association and Sunkist Growers has exempted fresh fruits and vegetables from nutrition information labeling regulations (<i>Federal Register</i>, Nov 28, 1973). The FDA announced that it will promulgate specific labeling requirements for these products. The plaintiffs had alleged that it would be impossible for the fresh fruit and vegetable industry to comply with the rules and that the FDA had exceeded its statutory authority. The FDA action is not an admission of any allegation. The United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association favors the concept of nutrient labeling. We hope it will be possible to devise regulations that will permit people in our industry to provide nutrition information to consumers. This can be done if the FDA consults experts on the subject, apparently having no specialists of its own. The outcome
French doctors condemn rules on road safety
Authors: A Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1994)

French doctors have condemned new road safety measures from the government as “a symbolic gesture,” with no political force behind them. New rules were announced last week by the interministerial committee on road safety to improve France's notorious rate of traffic accidents.

About 25 people are killed on French roads every day and about 500 are injured. Doctors have been actively campaigning to …
Contributions of gluconeogenesis to glucose production in the fasted state.
Authors: B R Landau, J Wahren, V Chandramouli, W C Schumann, K Ekberg, S C Kalhan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Healthy subjects ingested 2H2O and after 14, 22, and 42 h of fasting the enrichments of deuterium in the hydrogens bound to carbons 2, 5, and 6 of blood glucose and in body water were determined. The hydrogens bound to the carbons were isolated in formaldehyde which was converted to hexamethylenetetramine for assay. Enrichment of the deuterium bound to carbon 5 of glucose to that in water or to carbon 2 directly equals the fraction of glucose formed by gluconeogenesis. The contribution of gluconeogenesis to glucose production was 47 +/- 49% after 14 h, 67 +/- 41% after 22 h, and 93 +/- 2% after 42 h of fasting. Glycerol's conversion to glucose is included in estimates using the enrichment at carbon 5, but not carbon 6. Equilibrations with water of the hydrogens bound to carbon 3 of pyruvate that become those bound to carbon 6 of glucose and of the hydrogen at carbon 2 of glucose produced via glycogenolysis are estimated from the enrichments to be approximately 80% complete. Thus, rates of gluconeogenesis can be determined without corrections required in other tracer methodologies. After an overnight fast gluconeogenesis accounts for approximately 50% and after 42 h of fasting for almost all of glucose production in healthy subjects.
Syntax: An evolutionary stepchild
Authors: Danielle Dilkes, Steven M. Platek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Dean Falk has strategically explored “mother-infant gestural and vocal interactions . . . in chimpanzees and humans” in order to offer hypotheses “about the evolutionary underpinnings that preceded the first glimmerings of language.” Though she offers compelling evidence for many interesting hypotheses as to the epigenesis of language, other possibilities have yet to be explored. Here we explore the role of gestural communication among deaf signers and the neural correlates associated with this type of communication.