tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RNA biomarkers associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional high-throughput analysis of SChLAP1
Authors: John R Prensner, Shuang Zhao, Nicholas Erho, Matthew Schipper, Matthew K Iyer, Saravana M Dhanasekaran, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Rohit Mehra, Anirban Sahu, Javed Siddiqui, Elai Davicioni, Robert B Den, Adam P Dicker, R Jeffrey Karnes, John T Wei, Eric A Klein, Robert B Jenkins, Arul M Chinnaiyan, Felix Y Feng
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)
Sweden is healthiest place to live in world
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Sweden and Israel are the world's healthiest countries, according to league tables drawn up by the Economist Intelligence Unit. Among the 27 developed and developing countries surveyed South Africa and India are the least healthy, while the United Kingdom is the least healthy in western Europe.

The league tables were drawn up using 12 different healthcare indicators rather than simply relying on life expectancy alone, as have other surveys. …
Selective dysregulation of the FcγIIB receptor on memory B cells in SLE
Authors: Meggan Mackay, Anfisa Stanevsky, Tao Wang, Cynthia Aranow, Margaret Li, Scott Koenig, Jeffrey V. Ravetch, Betty Diamond
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

The inappropriate expansion and activation of autoreactive memory B cells and plasmablasts contributes to loss of self-tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Defects in the inhibitory Fc receptor, FcγRIIB, have been shown to contribute to B cell activation and autoimmunity in several mouse models of SLE. In this paper, we demonstrate that expression of FcγRIIB is routinely up-regulated on memory B cells in the peripheral blood of healthy controls, whereas up-regulation of FcγRIIB is considerably decreased in memory B cells of SLE patients. This directly correlates with decreased FcγRIIB-mediated suppression of B cell receptor–induced calcium (Ca2+) response in those B cells. We also found substantial overrepresentation of African-American patients among those who failed to up-regulate FcγRIIB. These results suggest that the inhibitory receptor, FcγRIIB, may be impaired at a critical checkpoint in SLE in the regulation of memory B cells; thus, FcγRIIB represents a novel target for therapeutic interventions in this disease.
Imipramine for the Hyperkinetic Syndrome
Authors: Harold B. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journal(224:920, 1973) contains two responses pertaining to management of the hyperkinetic syndrome, and while I would not presume to outdo the consultants, I would like to offer suggestions and comments based on personal experience. For the 10-year-old boy who has not responded to amphetamine or methylphenidate, a trial of imipramine might be in order. Following the encouraging report by Huessy,<sup>1</sup>I have been gratified by the results shown in children of this age group. Imipramine has the advantage of having a long-lasting effect, so that a single 25-mg tablet one hour before bedtime may carry the patient through the entire next day, avoiding multiple doses during the school day. If the single nighttime dose does not suffice, an additional 25 mg can be given in the morning. Imipramine has not been as appetite-suppressing as other medications, but has been equal in beneficial effect, and
Will the unitary view survive the short- and long-term?
Authors: Michael D. Patterson, Bart Rypma
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

In this commentary, we focus on four points. First, we discuss the assertion that the unitary model explains dissociations that implicate multiple systems. Second, the distinct nature of information utilized in immediate- and delayed-recall supports the distinct memory systems view. Third, the variable nature of capacity limits corroborates this view. Finally, we review event-related fMRI results that suggest support for multiple systems.
Functional Aortic Insufficiency — A Feature of Renal Failure
Authors: Robert Matalon, Aida R. J. Moussalli, Bernard D. Nidus, Lois A. Katz, Robert P. Eisinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

PRESENCE of an aortic diastolic murmur generally signifies organic valvular disease. Functional aortic insufficiency is unusual; its occasional occurrence has been attributed to such hemodynamic stresses as hypertension,1 2 3 congestive heart failure4,5 and anemia.6 We have noted, however, that the murmur is not an infrequent occurrence in patients with renal failure. These subjects often have some combination of hypertension, fluid overload and anemia and, therefore, present a clinical situation that favors the appearance of functional aortic insufficiency. It is important to recognize this entity in azotemic patients, to avoid erroneous diagnoses of organic valvular disease.MethodsIn a 45-month period 12 . . .
Expression of β-catenin by acute myeloid leukemia cells predicts enhanced clonogenic capacities and poor prognosis
Authors: L Ysebaert, G Chicanne, C Demur, F De Toni, N Prade-Houdellier, J-B Ruidavets, V Mansat-De Mas, F Rigal-Huguet, G Laurent, B Payrastre, S Manenti, C Racaud-Sultan
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Cytosolic Phospholipase A2-α: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Manish I. Patel, Jaskirat Singh, Marzieh Niknami, Caroline Kurek, Mu Yao, Sasa Lu, Fiona Maclean, Nicholas J.C. King, Michael H. Gelb, Kieran F. Scott, Pamela J. Russell, John Boulas, Qihan Dong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Cytosolic phospholipase A2-α (cPLA2-α) provides intracellular arachidonic acid to supply both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. We aim to determine the expression and activation of cPLA2-α in prostate cancer cell lines and tissue and the effect of targeting cPLA2-α in vitro and in vivo. Experimental Design: The expression of cPLA2-α was determined in prostate cancer cells by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry. Growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cPLA2-α activity were determined after inhibition with cPLA2-α small interfering RNA or inhibitor (Wyeth-1). Cytosolic PLA2-α inhibitor or vehicle was also administered to prostate cancer xenograft mouse models. Finally, the expression of phosphorylated cPLA2-α was determined by immunohistochemistry in human normal, androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive prostate cancer specimens. Results: cPLA2-α is present in all prostate cancer cells lines, but increased in androgen-insensitive cells. Inhibition with small interfering RNA or Wyeth-1 results in significant reductions in prostate cancer cell numbers, as a result of reduced proliferation as well as increased apoptosis, and this was also associated with a reduction in cPLA2-α activity. Expression of cyclin D1 and phosphorylation of Akt were also observed to decrease. Wyeth-1 inhibited PC3 xenograft growth by ∼33% and again, also reduced cyclin D1. Immunohistochemistry of human prostate tissue revealed that phosphorylated cPLA2-α is increased when hormone refractory is reached. Conclusions: Expression and activation of cPLA2-α are increased in the androgen-insensitive cancer cell line and tissue. Inhibition of cPLA2-α results in cells and xenograft tumor growth inhibition and serves as a potentially effective therapy for hormone refractory prostate cancer.
John Clement Charlton
Authors: B. C. J. C. R. C. M. Charlton
Journal: BMJ (2013)

John Clement Charlton was born in Hill Street, Lurgan, County Armagh, and was baptised John Clement but always known as Jack. He was born on 8 September 1922 at the time of partition in Ireland, the middle of three children. His brother, William Frederick Dixon Charlton, was born in 1919 and killed in active service on 2 June 1942 with the Royal Air Force. There is a stained glass window at Hill Street Presbyterian Church, Lurgan, in his memory. Jack’s younger sister, Anne Elizabeth (known as Betty), was born in 1925.

When he was a young child, Jack nearly died of a collection of pus on his lung and had a huge scar on his back where a Lurgan general practitioner, Dr Pedlow, drained the empyema at home without much in the way of anaesthetic. As a result Jack did not start school until the age of 10. Despite his setbacks with illness he went on to play cricket for Lurgan and attended Lurgan College and then Queen’s University Belfast, where he qualified in medicine. He was to survive another severe illness, hepatitis A, as a house officer, and in his late 70s he had surgery to both carotid arteries after an episode of amaurosis fugax (a threatened stroke) and enjoyed good health past his 90th birthday. It was arterial disease that was eventually to catch up with him, causing him considerable ill health in his last three months.

Jack’s family were originally from County Monaghan in Ireland and traced their family history back to Northumberland in 1700. The family name Clement goes back to the 1700s. His father, Clement John Charlton, was born in Emyvale and moved to Portadown, where he did an apprenticeship with a Mr Baull and later a Mr Magurran in 40, Market Street, Lurgan. In …
Long-Term and Tight Control of Gene Expression in Mouse Skeletal Muscle by a New Hybrid Human Transcription Factor
Authors: Giuseppe Roscilli, Cira Daniela Rinaudo, Monica Cimino, Elisabetta Sporeno, Stefania Lamartina, Gennaro Ciliberto, Carlo Toniatti
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Diseases requiring frequent and lifelong injections of recombinant proteins would be more efficaciously treated by intramuscular delivery of genes encoding secretable proteins. However, the success of this approach largely depends on our capability to temporally regulate transcription of delivered genes. Therefore, we sought to generate a humanized transcription factor to regulate transgene expression in muscle. A novel 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT)-dependent transcriptional regulator (called HEA-3) was constructed by fusing in-frame the DNA binding domain of the human hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF1alpha), which is not expressed in muscle cells, a G(521)R mutant of the ligand binding domain of human estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), and the activation domain derived from human nuclear factor-kappaB p65 subunit (NF-kappaB p65). We demonstrate that an artificial promoter containing multimeric HNF1alpha binding sites is silent in muscles and in cell lines that lack endogenous HNF1alpha. HEA-3 stimulated transcription from this target promoter in a stringent 4-OHT-dependent manner. The dynamic range of transgene regulation was high, because of the low basal activity and high inducibility of the system. Ex vivo, HEA-3 increased expression of the transfected reporter gene by more than 1000-fold in a ligand-dependent manner. In vivo, HEA-3 stimulated by more than 100-fold, the expression of secreted alkaline phosphatase after delivery as plasmid DNA into mouse muscles. Moreover, long-term modulation of the expression of intramuscularly delivered mouse erythropoietin was achieved in immunocompetent mice.
833 DOWN-REGULATION OF INTERFERON-STIMULATED GENES AFTER ALISPORIVIR INTERFERON-FREE TREATMENT SUGGESTS A UNIQUE ANTIVIRAL MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR ALISPORIVIR, A CYCLOPHILIN INHIBITOR
Authors: S. Kaiser, P. Gallay, M. Bobardt, F. Bolognani, N. Hartmann, M. Letzkus, R. Rasul, W. Bao, F. Staedtler, K.J. Johnson, P. Moulin, C. Avila, N.V. Naoumov, N. Nirmala, B. Li
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Prediction of survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on the expression of 2 genes reflecting tumor and microenvironment
Authors: Ash A. Alizadeh, Andrew J. Gentles, Alvaro J. Alencar, Chih Long Liu, Holbrook E. Kohrt, Roch Houot, Matthew J. Goldstein, Shuchun Zhao, Yasodha Natkunam, Ranjana H. Advani, Randy D. Gascoyne, Javier Briones, Robert J. Tibshirani, June H. Myklebust, Sylvia K. Plevritis, Izidore S. Lossos, Ronald Levy
Journal: Blood (2011)
Child patients: WNB not DNA
Authors: M. Roe
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Some three letter acronyms have become so universally used and accepted within medical language and indeed the wider world that they are easily recognisable and understood. DNA stands either for deoxyribonucleic acid, as I learnt in medical school, or “did not attend,” its more commonly used meaning within the healthcare setting. DNA is regularly scrawled across patients’ notes, and DNA rates are a feature of hospital data monitoring systems.

However, can children “not attend”? In most appointments where children are seen by a health professional the child is brought to the appointment by their parent or carer—a “caring” responsibility. When the child is not brought to an appointment it is the parent or carer who does not attend. For the child the reality of the situation is that they were not brought. As in almost all of child care it is the caring adult who is active, and the child is passive. If the adult does not bring the child to the appointment it seems unfair to say that the child did not attend. Furthermore the label DNA can be seen as derogatory or punitive, making its use in a paediatric setting even less …
Relations between Blood Glucose and Hepatic Glucose Production in Newborn Dogs
Authors: G. Hetenyi, S. Varma, J. S. Cowan
Journal: BMJ (1972)

No correlation was found between the concentration of glucose in blood plasma and the rate of hepatic glucose production in newborn pups aged 2½-112 hours. During the first few hours of life the hypoglycaemic response to insulin was small or absent. Later the response seemed exaggerated mainly owing to a slow recovery to normoglycaemia. This latter observation can be entirely accounted for by the lack of a feedback mechanism between the plasma concentration and the hepatic rate of production of glucose.
Untoward effect of septal reduction interventions on conduction system in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: None Jian Xin Qin, Takahiro Shiota, Harry M. Lever, Neil L. Greenberg, Deborah A. Agler, Jeanne K. Drinko, Maureen Martin, Maura J. Schnauffer, Nicholas G. Smedira, E.Murat Tuzcu, Bruce Lytle, James D. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Informed choice for users of health services: views on ultrasonography leaflets of women in early pregnancy, midwives, and ultrasonographers
Authors: S Oliver, L Rajan, H Turner, A Oakley, V Entwistle, I Watt, T A Sheldon, J Rosser
Journal: BMJ (1996)

With the aim of promoting the informed choice of pregnant women, staff and pregnant women at two urban hospitals were offered leaflets summarising the best available evidence about the effectiveness of routine ultrasonography in early pregnancy. Ultrasonographers doubted the credibility of the evidence and were concerned that the leaflets would raise women's anxiety, reduce uptake of scans, disrupt hospital organisation, and reinforce media messages about the poor safety record of ultrasonography. Midwives thought that the leaflets would inform women, help them to talk about their care with health professionals, and help them to get better care. Women were shocked at some of the contents but thought that it was appropriate to include both advantages and disadvantages of routine scanning in the leaflet. This case study highlights the resistance of some health professionals to evidence based health care; underlying conflicts with the principle of professional autonomy; concern that informed choice may create anxiety; and professional and organisational barriers to allowing informed choice.
THE INJURIES OF PARTURITION, THE TIME, METHOD AND REASONS FOR THEIR REPAIR.
Authors: A. H. TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In May, 1893, I was called to Milford by Dr. Wm. J. Clarke, to repair a complete rupture of the perineum, which occurred in the practice of a neighboring physician one week before. I found the levator ani and both sphincters torn, with liquid feces coming from the rectum, while pus flowed from, the wound. The condition was such as seemed to render primary union impossible, but by means of washing, scraping refreshing and defining the ragged edges of the skin and mucous membrane and bringing the denuded surfaces into close apposition with buried sutures, the result was perfect with first intention throughout. The long delay after the accident, combined with the condition of the wound and the subsequent perfect result of the treatment, brought up a line of thought which I have since pursued with advantage in the primary repair of the injuries of parturition.  The immediate repair of
Prospective assessment of antidonor cellular alloreactivity is a tool for guidance of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation
Authors: Oriol Bestard, Josep M. Cruzado, Marc Lucia, Elena Crespo, Linda Casis, Birgit Sawitzki, Katrin Vogt, Carme Cantarell, Joan Torras, Edoardo Melilli, Richard Mast, Alberto Martinez-Castelao, Montse Gomà, Petra Reinke, Hans-Dieter Volk, Josep M. Grinyó
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Dido gene expression alterations are implicated in the induction of hematological myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Agnes Fütterer, Miguel R. Campanero, Esther Leonardo, Luis M. Criado, Juana M. Flores, Jesús M. Hernández, Jesús F. San Miguel, Carlos Martínez-A
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

The myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases (MDS/MPDs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms that share characteristics with chronic myeloproliferative diseases and myelodysplastic syndromes. The broad spectrum of clinical manifestations makes MDS/MPDs extremely difficult to diagnose and treat, with a median survival time of 1-5 years. No single gene defect has been firmly associated with MDS/MPDs, and no animal models have been developed for these diseases. The association of deletions on chromosome 20q with myeloid malignancies suggests the presence of unidentified tumor suppressor genes in this region. Here we show that the recently identified death inducer-obliterator (Dido) gene gives rise to at least 3 polypeptides (Dido1, Dido2, and Dido3) through alternative splicing, and we map the human gene to the long arm of chromosome 20. We found that targeting of murine Dido caused a transplantable disease whose symptoms and signs suggested MDS/MPDs. Furthermore, 100% of human MDS/MPD patients analyzed showed Dido expression abnormalities, which we also found in other myeloid but not lymphoid neoplasms or in healthy donors. Our findings suggest that Dido might be one of the tumor suppressor genes at chromosome 20q and that the Dido-targeted mouse may be a suitable model for studying MDS/MPD diseases and testing new approaches to their diagnosis and treatment.
Inter‐Relation of Immediate and Late Asthmatic Reactions in Childhood
Authors: D. J. Hill
Journal: Allergy (1981)

Following bronchial provocation tests with inhalent allergens, late asthmatic reactions (LAR) frequently follow immediate asthma reactions (IAR). This study of atopic asthmatic children demonstrated that patients could show IARs to one allergen, ryegrass extract, but isolated LARs without any preceding immediate response when challenged with an unrelated allergen extract of D. pteronyssinus. The patients’ degree of skirt sensitivity to the concentration of extract inhaled appeared one factor which determined whether an isolated LAR or IAR followed allergen inhalation,
Hooked on Hormones
Authors: Richard B. Rosse
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drs Kashkin and Kleber<sup>1</sup>recently presented a hypothesis for anabolic steroid addiction. They point out that withdrawal from anabolic steroids can be associated with an acute hyperadrenergic syndrome that includes signs and symptoms such as elevated pulse and blood pressure, nausea, chills, headache, dizziness, diaphoresis, and piloerection. The authors propose a possible mechanism of anabolic steroid withdrawal that includes a sudden decrease in central endogenous opiod activity and also speculate about a possible influence of anabolic steroids on central aminergic activity. There is also some similarity between anabolic steroid—associated hyperadrenergic withdrawal phenomena and the syndrome seen in either alcohol or sedative/ hypnotic withdrawal, agents that have been demonstrated to act at the benzodiazepine/γ-aminobutyric acid<sub>A</sub>receptor complex.<sup>2</sup>Consistent with the similarity between anabolic steroid withdrawal and sedative/hypnotic withdrawal are our recent preclinical findings that suggest a testosterone—benzodiazepine/γ-aminobutyric acid<sub>A</sub>interaction.<sup>3</sup>Such an interaction had
Law, Medicine, Science—and Justice
Authors: George E. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Lawyers and doctors at times will not hestitate to argue quite forcefully with each other about various legal issues, for example, those related to insanity. The lawyer, however, may know next to nothing about psychiatry and the doctor nothing at all about the aims and purposes of the overall rule of law under which he lives. Most doctors or lawyers are too little aware of the involvement which forensic medicine has with the criminal law, the civil law, psychiatry, broad mental health programming, public health, government medical care, rehabilitation, narcotics, juvenile delinquency, constitutional law, supply and use of human parts, abortion, suicide, sterilization, contraception, euthanasia, artificial insemination, and many other areas. This book discusses many of these topics in a practical, yet penetrating and thoughtful, manner. It cannot take the place of a textbook, but few current books will provide a better base for the preparation of a lawyer, doctor,
GPs are told to vaccinate all priority groups against swine flu before Christmas
Authors: M. Pownall
Journal: BMJ (2009)

More than a million doses of swine flu vaccine are estimated to have been given to people in high risk priority groups since the programme began in the United Kingdom at the end of October, according to information on uptake from the Department of Health.

David Salisbury, the department’s director of immunisation, told a press briefing that a further nine million doses are with GPs, primary care trusts, and acute trusts ready for use for people in the priority groups and to protect healthcare workers. And another four million doses had been delivered to the UK and were in manufacturers’ warehouses awaiting distribution.

Professor …
Overestimation of serum concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid in patients with hepatic encephalopathy by the γ-aminobutyric acid-radioreceptor assay
Authors: Peter Ferenci, Josef Ebner, Christof Zimmermann, Christian Kikuta, Erich Roth, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Sera of patients with hepatic encephalopathy strongly inhibit the specific binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid to synaptic membranes. In a previous study, this inhibition of specific gamma-aminobutyric acid binding was attributed to gamma-aminobutyric acid itself, and it was assumed that serum gamma-aminobutyric acid is increased 5- to 30-fold in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The findings of that study, however, were not confirmed by other analytical methods. Therefore, the validity of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-radioreceptor assay was tested. In view of the increased serum concentrations of several amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy, the effects of L-alpha-amino acids on the assay were studied. Five amino acids inhibited specific gamma-aminobutyric acid binding at a concentration of 0.5 mM or lower: glutamine; glutamate; taurine; proline, and OH-proline. Equimolar amounts of aminooxyacetate prevented the inhibition of specific gamma-aminobutyric acid binding by glutamine and glutamate but had no effect on that of gamma-aminobutyric acid, taurine, proline and OH-proline. Aminooxyacetate had no effect on specific gamma-aminobutyric acid binding itself. The inhibitory activity of a serum sample from a patient with hepatic encephalopathy was inhibited by 0.5 mM aminooxyacetate. The gamma-aminobutyric acid binding inhibitory activity of a serum sample of a patient with hepatic encephalopathy was purified by gel chromatography and contained several amino acids at concentrations of about 0.1 mM, 3.5 mM glutamine but no detectable gamma-aminobutyric acid. Accordingly, the gamma-aminobutyric acid binding inhibitory activity is not mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid alone and is most likely due to glutamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)