tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF AORTIC DISTENSIBITY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR HOSPITALIZATIONS AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY
Authors: Michael Sood, Nripen Dontineni, Ernest Lee, Michael Rubinson, Michael Vittoria, Gaurav Khullar, Gregory Rubinfeld, George Elkomos-Botros, Terrence Sacchi, Sorin Brener, John Heitner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Haeme oxygenase mediates hyporeactivity to phenylephrine in the mesenteric vessels of cirrhotic rats with ascites
Authors: M Bolognesi
Journal: Gut (2005)

Haeme oxygenase could play a role in the pathogenesis of arterial vasodilation in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to verify the role of haeme oxygenase in the hyporesponsiveness to phenylephrine of small mesenteric arteries in rats with CCl(4) induced cirrhosis, with and without ascites.Pressurised small resistance mesenteric arteries were challenged with increasing doses of phenylephrine. Dose-response curves were evaluated under basal conditions, after inhibition of haeme oxygenase with chromium-mesoporphyrin, after inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), and then after inhibition of both NOS and haeme oxygenase. Haeme oxygenase protein expression was also analysed.Twenty six control rats and 35 rats with cirrhosis (17 with and 18 without ascites) were studied. Response to phenylephrine was lower in non-ascitic and ascitic cirrhosis than in controls. Chromium-mesoporphyrin increased the response to phenylephrine only in ascitic cirrhosis (p<0.001). L-NAME increased the response to phenylephrine in controls (p<0.001) and in ascitic and non-ascitic cirrhosis (p = 0.002, p<0.001, respectively) but the final response in non-ascitic cirrhosis was similar to that of control rats while it remained impaired in ascitic cirrhosis. Addition of chromium-mesoporphyrin to L-NAME improved the response to phenylephrine in ascitic cirrhosis (p<0.01), with final values not different from those of the other two groups. Protein expression of the inducible isoform of haeme oxygenase was increased in the mesenteric vessels of cirrhotic rats.Haeme oxygenase mediates hyporeactivity to phenylephrine in the mesenteric vessels of experimental cirrhosis with ascites. NOS plays a major role only in the first stage of the disease.
A CONVENIENT INSULIN OUTFIT
Authors: Cecil Striker
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Since the advent of the use of insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, there has been difficulty in maintaining the regular use of the drug in many cases. It is relatively easy to use insulin daily when the patient has the proper home facilities for sterilizing the insulin syringe. In several instances, however, it has been necessary to discontinue treatment because persons, such as traveling men, have been unable to sterilize their syringes when hotel facilities were poor, on railroad trains and, in one instance, during a protracted automobile tour. With this in mind the outfit described was designed to make possible the daily usage of insulin regardless of facilities for sterilizing the outfit. The syringe, which can be immersed in an alcohol sterilizing solution and sealed by means of a ground glass cap, was placed in a metal
THE INFLUENCE OF INFLAMMATION ON THE ABSORPTION OF SUBSTANCES OF VARIED DIFFUSIBILITY
Authors: Rose G. Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

1. Inflammation retards the absorption of horse serum globulin and crystalline egg albumin from the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue, but retardation of the absorption of crystalline egg albumin is less than that of globulin, which is less diffusible. 2. Inflammation retards the absorption of the specific polysaccharide of pneumococcus Type I from the peritoneal cavity; inflammation may accelerate, but does not hinder, the absorption of glucose from the peritoneal cavity. 3. Inflammation retards the spread of trypan blue in the skin, but accelerates absorption from the skin of the more diffusible dye, brom phenol blue. 4. Phenol red is excreted in the urine with equal rapidity after injection into normal and into inflamed subcutaneous tissue or into normal and into inflamed peritoneal cavities. Direct extractions of phenol red from inflamed subcutaneous sites indicate that inflammation accelerates the absorption of the dye from these areas. 5. Inflammation retards the absorption of the indiffusible proteins, carbohydrates and dyes; it tends to accelerate the absorption of the diffusible carbohydrates and dyes.
Retrospective study of possible alpha-2 mu-globulin nephropathy and associated cell proliferation in male Fischer 344 rats dosed with t-butyl alcohol.
Authors: K Takahashi, C Lindamood, R R Maronpot
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Tert-butyl alcohol, an important commodity chemical, additive to unleaded gasoline, and contaminant of drinking water, was evaluated for toxicity and was found to enhance nephropathy in male Fischer 344 rats. Because male rats treated with t-butyl alcohol for 2 years had a low incidence of renal cortical tumors, additional renal sections for the 90-day toxicity study were examined for the presence of hyaline droplet accumulation, nephropathy, and evidence of replicative DNA synthesis (S-phase nuclei) to indirectly and retrospectively investigate a possible role of alpha-2 mu-globulin in the pathogenesis of the nephropathy. Dose levels for t-butyl alcohol were 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% (w/v) administered in drinking water. Significant body weight gain depressions were observed in all treated males, and there was an absolute weight loss in the 4% male group, none of which survived to the end of the study. Except for the 4% dose group, there was a treatment-related increase in hyaline droplet accumulation in the renal proximal tubules with crystalline, rectangular, and rhomboid forms of the protein evident. The severity of nephropathy was enhanced in treated rats, except for the 4% dose group. Replicative DNA synthesis, as measured by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, was increased in proximal tubules of rats dosed with 2% t-butyl alcohol. It is concluded that t-butyl alcohol exacerbated nephropathy in male Fischer 344 rats and increased renal accumulation of hyaline protein material consistent with alpha-2 mu-globulin deposition.
A CRITICAL STUDY OF UNDULANT FEVER: FROM A SERIES OF SIX CASES IN THE HOSPITAL FOR TROPICAL DISEAES, LONDON
Authors: P. Manson-Bahr, H. Willoughby
Journal: BMJ (1929)

UNDULAN'lT fever (formerly known as Malta fever) is becomning sulclintifly rare in piractice in England to excite eoiinieiit -lheilever it occurs, while the close association, or identity, of (rbor(ois fever in man and cattle with the classical type of unid(liulant fever is at presenit attracting uniiverisal attentioni.We therefore oonsider it an opportune momenit to suirx7ey a series of c.a es which lhave 106 .ociurred
O37 EXTERNAL VALIDATION OF THE RISK-PREDICTION MODEL FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA [HCC] FROM THE REVEAL-HCV STUDY USING DATA FROM THE U.S. VETERANS AFFAIRS [VA] HEALTH SYSTEM
Authors: T. Matsuda, J. McCombs, M.-H. Lee, I. Tonnu-Mihara, G. L'italien, S. Saab, P. Hines, Y. Yuan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Psychiatric and Psychosocial Concomitants of Abnormal Illness Behaviour in Patients with Cancer
Authors: L. Grassi, G. Rosti
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

Background: Previous studies of medically ill patients suggest that abnormal illness behaviour (i.e. high hypochondriasis, disease conviction, dysphoria and irritability) is associated with depressive symptoms. The present study was carried out in order to examine more in detail the role of psychiatric and psychosocial variables in moulding abnormal illness behaviour in patients with cancer. Methods: Two-hundred and one newly diagnosed cancer patients were submitted to a semistructured interview to assess past and current psychiatric disorders (DSM-III-R) and social support. Self-report questionnaires were also given in order to evaluate psychological stress symptoms (Symptom Check List-90-R – SCL-90-R), external locus of control (ELC) and illness behaviour (Illness Behaviour Questionnaire – IBQ). Results: A pattern of abnormal illness behaviour was shown in patients with a life-time history of psychiatric disorders (n = 33) and in those with a current DSM-III-R diagnosis (n = 101). IBQ dimensions were associated with SCL-90-R, ELC and low social support. The patients' tendency to deny life events other than cancer was related both to the progression of the illness and to their receiving chemotherapy. Conclusions: The study confirms the association between psychological disorders and abnormal illness behaviour and points out a role for personality variables (external locus of control) and low social support in favouring maladaptive responses to cancer.
What is a good death?: We must learn to live in the light of our mortality
Authors: A. G Rivett
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—At a recent training day on cultural awareness our facilitator commented that Western culture assumes immortality, and then strives to achieve it. The trouble is that we then come up against the reality of death, often finding it unpalatable, unfair, and something to be fought against.1

As Syed has already written (previous letter),2 a good death follows a good life. His thoughtful metaphor is very much to the point here: not only does the final chapter complete the story of the life that it concludes, but every other chapter is in its way working towards that denouement.

So a good death follows a good life, yes. But also a good life looks forward to a death that, hopefully, will be good. We need to live in the light of our mortality.
Hire car syndrome
Authors: B. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Getting accustomed to an unfamiliar hire car takes a little time. Some of the controls are in the wrong place. The clutch bites too early or too late as you raise your foot. The accelerator is either more or less sensitive than the one in your own vehicle. And so on.

You really have to concentrate hard on what you are doing. Taking off from the garage, you are likely to change gear less smoothly than usual, grope for the radio switch, and inadvertently switch on the wipers. Yet a few hours later, the car feels perfectly normal. You are back on automatic pilot.

Two weeks afterwards, you slip back into your own …
Pakistani Physicians and the Repatriation Equation
Authors: Saad Shafqat, Anita K.M. Zaidi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

In Pakistan, students who are accepted into medical school are congratulated — only half-jokingly — on three counts: that they will become doctors, that they will become certified by the American Board of Medical Specialties, and that they will soon be living in the United States.Pakistan has contributed approximately 10,000 international medical graduates (IMGs) to the United States,1 even though it faces a shortage of physicians.2 Take the case of Aga Khan University Medical College in Karachi. By 2004, it had produced 1100 graduates, 900 of whom had gone on to graduate medical training in the United States — . . .
TCT-829 Transradial versus transfemoral access for female patients that underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: 30 days and two years follow-up
Authors: Renan Sukmawan, Oliver Kalpak, Slobodan Antov, Igor Spiroski, Jorgo Kostov, Hristo Pejkov, Sasko Kedev
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Platelet Dysfunction — Differentiation of a Newly Recognized Primary Type from That Produced by Aspirin
Authors: Mervyn A. Sahud, Paul M. Aggeler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

A recently described hemorrhagic disorder characterized by defective platelet aggregation induced by collagen and epinephrine appears to be caused, in part, by the same abnormality induced by aspirin ingestion — that is, inhibition of release of intrinsic platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP). In contrast to the aspirin-induced defect, bleeding time was greatly prolonged, platelet adhesiveness was markedly impaired, adhesion of platelets to collagen fibrils was deficient, and aggregation of platelets by serotonin and glass beads was impaired. Both phases of epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation were blocked, whereas with aspirin only the second phase was absent. There was rapid disaggregation after low-molar ADP whereas with aspirin the rate was only slightly increased. As with the aspirin-induced platelet abnormality aggregation of platelets by trypsin, collagen and centrifugation was blocked, but aggregation by high-molar ADP and thrombin was normal. Platelet transfusions temporarily corrected most of the defects.
Association of Estrogen Receptor α and Histone Deacetylase 6 Causes Rapid Deacetylation of Tubulin in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Kotaro Azuma, Tomohiko Urano, Kuniko Horie-Inoue, Shin-ichi Hayashi, Ryuichi Sakai, Yasuyoshi Ouchi, Satoshi Inoue
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is a nuclear receptor that functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor. Besides its genomic action in nuclei, ERalpha could exert nongenomic actions at the plasma membrane. To investigate the mechanism underlying the nongenomic action of ERalpha in breast cancer cells, we generated a construct of membrane-targeted ERalpha (memER), an expression vector of ERalpha without the nuclear localizing signal and including instead the membrane-targeting sequence of Src kinase. MemER was stably expressed in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Cell migration test and tumorigenic assay in nude mice revealed that the in vitro motility and the in vivo proliferation activity of MCF-7 cells expressing memER were significantly enhanced compared with those of vector-transfected cells. Interestingly, the acetylation level of tubulin in memER-overexpressing cells was lower than that in control cells. We found that histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 translocated to the plasma membrane shortly after estrogen stimulation, and rapid tubulin deacetylation subsequently occurred. We also showed that memER associated with HDAC6 in a ligand-dependent manner. Although tamoxifen is known for its antagonistic role in the ERalpha genomic action in MCF-7 cells, the agent showed an agonistic function in the memER-HDAC6 association and tubulin deacetylation. These findings suggest that ERalpha ligand dependently forms a complex with HDAC6 and tubulin at the plasma membrane. Estrogen-dependent tubulin deacetylation could provide new evidence for the nongenomic action of estrogen, which potentially contributes to the aggressiveness of ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells.
Identification of new ALK and RET gene fusions from colorectal and lung cancer biopsies
Authors: Doron Lipson, Marzia Capelletti, Roman Yelensky, Geoff Otto, Alex Parker, Mirna Jarosz, John A Curran, Sohail Balasubramanian, Troy Bloom, Kristina W Brennan, Amy Donahue, Sean R Downing, Garrett M Frampton, Lazaro Garcia, Frank Juhn, Kathy C Mitchell, Emily White, Jared White, Zac Zwirko, Tamar Peretz, Hovav Nechushtan, Lior Soussan-Gutman, Jhingook Kim, Hidefumi Sasaki, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Seung-il Park, Dalia Ercan, Christine E Sheehan, Jeffrey S Ross, Maureen T Cronin, Pasi A Jänne, Philip J Stephens
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Ocean Voyages in Pulmonary Phthisis
Authors: E. F. Inglott
Journal: BMJ (1900)

Children are less likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 than adults and often have a milder course of COVID-19 disease and a lower case fatality rate. Children account for an estimated 1% to 5% of those diagnosed with COVID-19. Even so, preschool-aged children, infants, and children with underlying health conditions may still be at risk for severe disease and complications. Unique aspects of COVID-19 presentation and disease course in children and possible vertical transmission to newborns from COVID-19–positive mothers are discussed.
Mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene cause hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids
Authors: Rosa Rademakers, Matt Baker, Alexandra M Nicholson, Nicola J Rutherford, NiCole Finch, Alexandra Soto-Ortolaza, Jennifer Lash, Christian Wider, Aleksandra Wojtas, Mariely DeJesus-Hernandez, Jennifer Adamson, Naomi Kouri, Christina Sundal, Elizabeth A Shuster, Jan Aasly, James MacKenzie, Sigrun Roeber, Hans A Kretzschmar, Bradley F Boeve, David S Knopman, Ronald C Petersen, Nigel J Cairns, Bernardino Ghetti, Salvatore Spina, James Garbern, Alexandros C Tselis, Ryan Uitti, Pritam Das, Jay A Van Gerpen, James F Meschia, Shawn Levy, Daniel F Broderick, Neill Graff-Radford, Owen A Ross, Bradley B Miller, Russell H Swerdlow, Dennis W Dickson, Zbigniew K Wszolek
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Abstract 1028: Hypoxia induces Notch signaling and promotes breast cancer metastasis by stimulating growth and self renewal of cancer stem-like cells
Authors: Fei Xing, Hiroshi Okuda, Misako Watabe, Aya Kobayashi, Sudha K. Pai, Wen Liu, Puspa R. Pandey, Koji Fukuda, Shigeru Hirota, Tamotsu Sugai, Go Wakabayashi, Keisuke Koeda, Masahiro Kashiwaba, Kazuyuki Suzuki, Toshimi Chiba, Masaki Endo, Kounosuke Watabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Notch signaling is often and aberrantly activated by hypoxia during tumor progression; however, the exact pathological role of hypoxia-induced Notch signaling in tumor metastasis is as yet poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to define the mechanism of Notch ligand activation by hypoxia in both primary tumor and bone stromal cells in the metastatic niche and to clarify their roles in tumor progression. We have analyzed the expression profiles of various Notch liagnds in 779 breast cancer patients in GEO database and found that the expression of Jagged2 among all five ligands is most significantly correlated with the overall- and metastasis-free survival of breast cancer patients. The results of our immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for Jagged2 in 61 clinical samples also revealed that both Jagged2 and Notch signaling were strongly up-regulated at the hypoxic invasive front. Activation of Jagged2 by hypoxia in tumor cells induced EMT and also promoted cell survival in vitro. Notably, a γ-secretase inhibitor significantly blocked Notch-mediated invasion and survival under hypoxia by promoting expression of E-cadherin and inhibiting AKT phosphorylation. Importantly, Jagged2 was also found to be up-regulated in bone marrow stroma under hypoxia and promoted the growth of cancer stem-like cells by activating their Notch signaling. Therefore, hypoxia-induced Jagged2 activation in both tumor invasive front and normal bone stroma plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis, and Jagged2 is considered to be a valuable prognostic marker and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1028. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1028
Barrier-Method Contraceptives and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Joseph Kelaghan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The protective effect of barrier-method contraception against pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) was examined by analyzing data from the Women's Health Study, a large multicenter case-control study. We compared the contraceptive methods used by 645 women hospitalized for initial episodes of PID with the contraceptive methods used by 2,509 control subjects reporting no history of PID. The risk of hospitalization for PID in women currently using barrier methods relative to women using all other methods and to women using no method of contraception was 0.6 (95% confidence limits, 0.5 to 0.9) for both comparisons. This protective effect was observed for both chemical and mechanical barrier methods, although it was not statistically significant for the former. The prevention of PID and its sequelae is one of the most important noncontraceptive benefits of barrier methods of contraception. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:184-187)
TET1 Controls CNS 5-Methylcytosine Hydroxylation, Active DNA Demethylation, Gene Transcription, and Memory Formation
Authors: Garrett A. Kaas, Chun Zhong, Dawn E. Eason, Daniel L. Ross, Raj V. Vachhani, Guo-li Ming, Jennifer R. King, Hongjun Song, J. David Sweatt
Journal: Neuron (2013)
A Card from Secretary Atkinson.
Authors: Wm. B. Atkinson
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Philadelphia, June 4, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your explanation of the inability to send theJournalto the new members does me great injustice. As I wrote you, not any of the credentials nor papers of the Registration Committee have yet reached me. All were sent directly to Dr. Newman, our Treasurer. Had I had the list or my own private index, made especially to prevent this, I would have had my share done at once. For this reason, I ask you to do me the justice to announce in theJournalthe fact that all the papers were sent at once to Chicago. I am getting letters on this subject constantly, and it is important that I should be set right before the profession. Please do me this favor at once. Yours very truly,
Prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in advanced heart failure. A study of 390 patients.
Authors: H R Middlekauff, W G Stevenson, L W Stevenson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation is common in advanced heart failure, but its prognostic significance is controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated the relation of atrial rhythm to overall survival and sudden death in 390 consecutive advanced heart failure patients. Etiology of heart failure was coronary artery disease in 177 patients (45%) and nonischemic cardiomyopathy or valvular heart disease in 213 patients (55%). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.19 +/- 0.07. Seventy-five patients (19%) had paroxysmal (26 patients) or chronic (49 patients) atrial fibrillation. Compared with patients with sinus rhythm, patients with atrial fibrillation did not differ in etiology of heart failure, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure on therapy, or embolic events but were more likely to be receiving warfarin and antiarrhythmic drugs and had a slightly higher left ventricular ejection fraction. After a mean follow-up of 236 +/- 303 days, 98 patients died: 56 (57%) died suddenly, and 36 (37%) died of progressive heart failure. Actuarial 1-year overall survival was 68%, and sudden death-free survival was 79%. Actuarial survival was significantly worse for atrial fibrillation than for sinus rhythm patients (52% versus 71%, p = 0.0013). Similarly, sudden death-free survival was significantly worse for atrial fibrillation than for sinus rhythm patients (69% versus 82%, p = 0.0013). By Cox proportional hazards model, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure on therapy, left ventricular ejection fraction, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation were independent risk factors for total mortality and sudden death. For patients who had pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of less than 16 mm Hg on therapy, atrial fibrillation was associated with poorer 1-year survival (44% versus 83%, p = 0.00001); however, in the high pulmonary capillary wedge pressure group, atrial fibrillation did not confer an increased risk (58% versus 57%). CONCLUSIONS Atrial fibrillation is a marker for increased risk of death, especially in heart failure patients who have lower filling pressures on vasodilator and diuretic therapy. Whether aggressive attempts to maintain sinus rhythm will reduce this risk is unknown.