tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
It's Over, Debbie
Authors: Frances H. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —It's Over, Debbie, 1 an account of a mercy killing, appeared in the Jan 8, 1988, A PIECE OF MY MIND column. There was no editorial comment, nor did JAMA use a standard publishing disclaimer stating that the views expressed by the author—who requested anonymity presumably to avoid accountability—were those of the writer alone. Are we to assume that JAMA , which presumably subjects its articles to peer review, at least implicitly sanctions the physician behavior depicted in the piece?  The author made a unilateral decision to end this suffering woman's existence without finding out what she really meant when she said, Let's get this over with. She might have meant that she just wanted the vomiting to stop. When the physician returned with a syringe of morphine that was intended to kill the patient, telling her only that it would let her relax, the patient might have
Comparison of ejection fraction and zonal mean velocity of myocardial fiber shortening.
Authors: F K Nakhjavan, G Natarajan, H Goldberg
Journal: Circulation (1975)

To determine the extent of cardiac involvement until a diminished ejection fraction (EF) is present, zonal mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcf) was measured from the left ventriculogram in 36 patients. The longitudinal axis (apex to mid-point of the aortic valve plane) in right anterior oblique view was divided into four equal parts by three perpeendicular chords. Zonal Vct and percent shortening along the proximal, middle and distal chords were measured. The results of this study indicate that a normal EF is frequently associated with a reduced Vct in one or even two zones. A reduced EF is generally accompanied by a diminished Vct in all three zones of the heart. In addition, a close correlation was found between zonal Vct and percent shortening. Hence the latter, which is much simpler to measure, can be instead of Vct Ejection fraction as a measure of myocardial performance is not as sensitive as Vct, especially in hearts with asynchrony of contraction.
Concomitant Aortic Valvular and Functional Subaortic Stenosis.
Authors: Marvin A. Kaplan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Concomitant Aortic Valvular and Functional Subaortic Stenosis.Marvin A. Kaplan, M.D., F.A.C.P., David P. Parker, M.D., (Associate), John E. Connolly, M.D.Marvin A. Kaplan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, David P. Parker, M.D., (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, John E. Connolly, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-784_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeventeen patients presenting clinically with aortic valvular stenosis were challenged at cardiac catheterization with isoproterenol, and premature beats were intentionally elicited; 10 of these had coexistent aortic valvular stenosis and functional subaortic stenosis. Isoproterenol tests were done because of the death of a patient of low cardiac output after aortic valve replacement. At termination of cardiopulmonary bypass it was noted that the vigorous-appearing cardiac contractions were inadequate to open the ball valve. Postmortem study showed valvular calcification and concomitant subvalvular muscular hypertrophy, especially involving the interventricular septum.All 10 patients appeared clinically to have valvular stenosis alone as evidenced by... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Irvine, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 784-784KeywordsAortic valve replacementCardiac outputCardiopulmonary bypassCatheterizationIsoproterenolStenosis Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3792: WISP-1 increases cell migration and ICAM-1 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinomas.
Authors: An-Chen Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) have a striking tendency to migration and metastasis to cervical lymph nodes. Wnt-1 induced secreted protein 1 (WISP-1) belongs to the CCN family (CTGF/CYR61/NOV), which is secreted cysteine-rich proteins. However, the effects of WISP-1 on migration and Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in human OSCC are largely unknown. First, we found that the expression of WISP-1 in human OSCC tissues was higher than in normal oral tissues. We also demonstrated that WISP-1 enhanced cell migration and ICAM-1 up-regulation in human OSCC. Transfection of cells with ICAM-1 siRNA reduced WISP-1-mediated cell migration. WISP-1 activated αvβ3 integrin, ASK1, JNK/p38, c-Jun, and AP-1 signal transduction pathway, and WISP-1-induced expression of ICAM-1 and migration activity was inhibited by the αvβ3 antibody or inhibitor of ASK1, p38, JNK, and c-Jun. In addition, human OSCC were infected with lentivirus containing human WISP-1 shRNA which reduced the migratory ability and ICAM-1 expression. Over all, we characterized an important role for WISP-1 which regulates cell migratoin by increasing ICAM-1 expression in human OSCC via the αvβ3 integrin, ASK1, JNK/p38, c-Jun, and AP-1 signaling pathway. Citation Format: An-Chen Chang. WISP-1 increases cell migration and ICAM-1 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3792. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3792
Abstract 1258: Knockdown or inhibition of Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 inhibits pancreatic carcinogenesis via modulating Kras-E-cadherin pathway
Authors: Wanying Zhang, Haonan Li, Ke Ma, Jie Liao, Guang-Yu Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is an essential enzyme in the metabolism of carbonyls, retinal and farnesal/geranylgeranial for maintaining cellular homeostasis of retinal-retinoid acid, detoxifying the active carbonyls, and recycling key intermediate products of cholesterol synthesis. All of these biologic processes are crucial contributing to carcinogenesis, particularly the reduction of farnesal/geranylgeranial involves in protein prenylation and for mutant K-ras activity. Mutant K-ras is a most common oncogene in pancreatic cancer, and over expression of AKR1B10 has been identified in pancreatic cancer. To determine the role of AKR1B10 in pancreatic carcinogenesis, silencing of AKR1B10 was achieved in CD18 human pancreatic carcinoma cell line using shRNA knockdown approach. Silencing of AKR1B10 resulted in a significant inhibition of anchor-dependent growth (shRNA AKR1B10 knockdown cells compared to vector-control cells 67 ± 9.5 colonies/HPF vs 170 ± 3.7 colonies/HPF, P &amp;lt; 0.01), invasion index (0.27 vs. 1.00, p&amp;lt;0.05), and cell migration (at 16 hours 9.2 ± 1.2% vs 14.0 ± 1.8%, at 24 hours 21.0 ± 1.1% vs 30.5 ± 3.5%, and at 48 hours 51.9 ± 5.7% vs 88.9 ± 3.0%, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Oleanolic acid (OA), a naturally occurring triterpenoid compound, showed a potent inhibition of AKR1B10 activity and a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with IC50 at 30µM. K-ras pull-down and Western blot analysis revealed a significant down-regulation of active form K-ras and phosphorylated C-Raf, and ErK,as well as an up-regulation of E-cadherin by either AKR1B10 knockdown or inhibition. A significant reduction of in vivo tumor growth was observed in nude mice implanted the CD18 pancreatic carcinoma cells with shRNA AKR1B10 knockdown (tumor weight: 0.25 ± 0.06g vs. 0.52 ± 0.07g, P = 0.01), and with AKR1B10 inhibitor OA (tumor weight: 0.35 ± 0.05g vs. 0.52 ± 0.07g, P = 0.05). Our findings indicate AKR1B10 is a unique enzyme involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis possibly via modulation of protein prenylation (KRAS)-E-Cadherin pathway. (supported by NIH R01CA164041) Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Wanying Zhang, Haonan Li, Ke Ma, Jie Liao, Guang-Yu Yang. Knockdown or inhibition of Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 inhibits pancreatic carcinogenesis via modulating Kras-E-cadherin pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1258. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1258
Public health specialists challenge politicians to adopt 12 point plan
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Public health specialists in the United Kingdom are calling for whichever party wins the next general election to introduce a system of presumed consent to organ donation, a minimum price of 50p (€0.6; $0.8) per unit of alcohol, and a ban on smoking in cars where there are children.

The UK Faculty of Public Health and the Royal Society for Public Health, which are behind the initiative, say that their 12 point policy plan will improve the health of the country over the next 10 years. Together the two organisations represent more than 9000 public …
Abstract 3156: eIF4E in human breast cancer and its role in regulating translation of splice variants of breast cancer genes
Authors: Jenny Yuen-Nei Cheung, Ashley San-Yu Wong, Kelvin Yuen-Kwong Chan, Ui-Soon Khoo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In eukaryotes, most of mRNAs are translated by the scanning mechanism. The trimeric complex eIF4F (consisting of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4E, eIF4G and eIF4A) binds to ribosomes and the 5′end of mRNA, unwinding the secondary structures for scanning. eIF4E is the least abundant initiation factor, and may therefore determine the rate of translation. Overexpression of eIF4E can cause malignant transformation of immortalized human cells. Anti-sense oligonucleotides of eIF4E partially reversed the malignant phenotypes, suggesting that overexpression of eIF4E is the direct cause of transformation. Two- to threefold higher eIF4E levels have been detected in breast cancer using immunohistochemistry. Aabout 10% of cellular mRNAs contain atypically long 5’UTR and many of these encode proto-oncogenes and growth factors. It is believed that these long 5’UTR sequences tend to form stable secondary structure, requiring higher levels or activities of eIF4F for their translation. Over 60% of human genes are alternatively spliced. These may produce variants with different degrees of secondary structure at their 5’-UTR. We hypothesized that the elevated eIF4E level in breast cancer cells allows more effective translation of breast cancer gene variants with extensive 5’UTR secondary structure. These changes in variants profile may be important for breast cancer development and progression. We first analyzed the expression levels of eIF4E in human breast cancer and non-tumor biopsies in tissue microarray. Our preliminary results showed that there was significantly higher eIF4E expression in tumor versus non-tumor and eIF4E expression was positively correlated to estrogen receptor (ER) expression (OR=4.4, p=0.006). Although eIF4E expression levels were independent of tumor grade and size, it was strongly associated with overall clinical ER and progesterone receptor status (OR=6.3, p=0.003 and OR=6.5, p=0.002). The differential translation of breast cancer gene splice variants in breast cancer cell lines is being analyzed and their correlation with the extent of secondary structure of their 5’UTRs will be determined. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3156.
Correction: "Symposium" Article on Calcium-Regulating Hormones
Authors: GORDON L. KLEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1981Correction: "Symposium" Article on Calcium-Regulating HormonesGORDON L. KLEIN, M.D., RONALD L. HORST, PH.D., ANTHONY W. NORMAN, PH.D., MARVIN E. AMENT, M.D., JACK W. COBURN, M.D.GORDON L. KLEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RONALD L. HORST, PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, ANTHONY W. NORMAN, PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARVIN E. AMENT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JACK W. COBURN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-3-417_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the excellent review of the Seventh International Conference on Calcium-Regulating Hormones (1), our observations on the metabolic bone diseases associated with total parenteral nutrition were misquoted. Although we did observe low serum levels of 1,25 (OH)2-vitamin D in a substantial number of patients on long-term total parenteral nutrition, we did not give parenteral calcitriol and have no data on whether a beneficial effect may occur. Since intestinal function is markedly impaired in these patients, we have awaited the availability of parenteral calcitriol before undertaking such a therapeutic trial....Reference1. SUDHAKER FB Calcium-regulating hormones. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:928-30. Symposium. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: V.A. Hospital (Wadsworth) Los Angeles, CA 90073 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1981Volume 94, Issue 3Page: 417-418KeywordsBoneCalcitriolHormonesMetabolic disordersTotal parenteral nutrition ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma masquerading as an ulcer scar
Authors: S. Cho, K. Ryu, C. Kim, J. Lee, M. Kook, H. Min, I. Choi
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

A 62-year-old man was referred to our clinic because of gastric malignancy found on a periodic medical check-up. He had no specific symptoms or signs. Physical examination and routine laboratory studies were normal. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed early gastric cancer (EGC) in the antrum, and there was an additional reddish ulcer scar with fold convergence in the anterior wall of the duodenal bulb. Unlike typical ulcer scar tissue, its mucosa showed patchy erythema and friability. Blood oozed after light touch by the scope ([Fig. 1]). Thus, a biopsy specimen was also taken from the duodenal bulb. Interestingly, histology showed infiltration of atypical lymphocytes with lymphoepithelial lesions. Endoscopic ultrasound (GF-UM 2000, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) demonstrated hypoechoic wall thickening of the second sonographic layer and focal interruption of the third layer of the duodenum ([Fig. 2]). There were no abnormalities in bone marrow biopsy, abdomen and chest computed tomography scan. He underwent subtotal gastrectomy 4 weeks later. Histological examination revealed that atypical lymphocytes infiltrated diffusely into the mucosal and submucosal layer of the duodenal bulb ([Fig. 3]).
Disseminated tuberculosis, pulmonary aspergillosis and cutaneous herpes simplex infection in a patient with infliximab and methotrexate
Authors: J. M. van der Klooster, R. J. Bosman, H. M. Oudemans-van Straaten, J. I. van der Spoel, J. P. J. Wester, D. F. Zandstra
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2003)
Thrombocytopenia following acute acetaminophen
Authors: Michael Fischereder, Jeffrry P. Jaffe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

An unusual case of severe thrombocytopenia following acetaminophen overdose is presented along with a retrospective review of 174 patients with hospital admissions for acute acetaminophen toxicity. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 3.4% of these patients and strongly correlated with the degree of hepatotoxicity (as measured by peak AST values) but did not correlate with serum acetaminophen levels. The mechanism appears to be a transient direct toxic effect on platelets or megakaryocytes, and the finding of thrombocytopenia early in the course of acetaminophen overdose may identify a subset of patients at risk for significant hepatotoxicity.
In Vivo Demonstration of Homonymous Hemimacular Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells Due to a Thalamic Lesion Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Jiwon Oh, Elias S. Sotirchos, Shiv Saidha, Mohamed Ibrahim, Yasir Sepah, Quan Dong Nguyen, Peter A. Calabresi
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)
Excretion of Street Rabies Virus in Saliva of Cats
Authors: John B. Vaughn
Journal: JAMA (1963)

DURING THE PERIOD from 1938 to 1960, an annual average of 372 cases of rabies of the domestic cat were reported in the US.<sup>1,2</sup> With the population of cats estimated at 25,768,000 in 1960,<sup>3</sup>it is reasonable to assume that a number of physicians will have to decide whether or not to administer anti-rabies treatment to a person who has come in direct contact with a cat. The physician must first weigh the evidence for true exposure to rabies against the risk known to be associated with conventional prophylactic treatment.<sup>4-8</sup>The likelihood of exposure should be determined by considering two important questions: (1) was the saliva of the cat in contact with freshly abraded or lacerated skin? and (2) did the saliva of the cat at the time of "exposure" contain virus? When animals are subsequently proven to be rabid, one cannot conclude in every
Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book
Authors: Sylvia M. Ramos
Journal: JAMA (1995)

As I wrote in my review of the first edition,<i>Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book</i>covers the breast from A to Z in a scientific, noncondescending, readable style. For this second edition, Dr Love has reorganized, updated, and added new material, which has expanded the book from 455 to 627 pages. The book's seven parts include, "The Healthy Breast," "Common Problems of the Breast," "Diagnosis of Breast Problems," "The Causes of Breast Cancer," "The Diagnosis of Breast Cancer," "Treating Breast Cancer," and "Living With Breast Cancer." Six appendixes provide information on, among other things, drugs used for systemic breast cancer treatment, regional support organizations,journal references, and comprehensive cancer centers. A marked change from the first edition is Dr Love's dismissal and even condemnation of the practice of breast self-examination (BSE) as a technique for breast cancer detection. She feels that while women should get to know their breasts, the monthly
Cardiac Imaging for Risk Stratification With Dobutamine-Atropine Stress Testing in Patients With Chest Pain
Authors: Marcel L. Geleijnse, Abdou Elhendy, Ron T. van Domburg, Jan H. Cornel, Riccardo Rambaldi, Alessandro Salustri, Ambroos E. M. Reijs, Jos R. T. C. Roelandt, Paolo M. Fioretti
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Pharmacological stress echocardiography and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy are used frequently for risk stratification in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia. However, their relative prognostic strength has never been explored. Methods and Results Two hundred twenty consecutive patients with chest pain (mean age, 60±12 years; 124 men, 115 with previous myocardial infarction) were studied with dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography (ECHO) and simultaneous 99m Tc sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography imaging (MIBI). Ischemia was defined as deterioration in left ventricular wall motion and reversible perfusion defects, respectively. ECHO was positive for ischemia in 76 and MIBI in 91 patients (agreement, 77%; κ=.51). During follow-up of 31±15 months, 24 patients had hard cardiac events (nonfatal myocardial infarction or cardiac death). By univariate analysis, age, history of congestive heart failure, and any abnormality or ischemia on ECHO or MIBI were associated with cardiac events. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, abnormal ECHO (odds ratio [OR], 18.9; 95% CI, 2.5 to 146.0) or MIBI (OR, 12.8; 95% CI, 1.7 to 98.3), and ischemia on ECHO (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.6 to 9.9) or MIBI (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.2 to 7.4) had independent predictive values. When ECHO was used as a first option, the addition of MIBI to all nonischemic ECHO studies decreased the OR from 4.0 (95% CI, 1.6 to 9.9) to 3.8 (95% CI, 1.4 to 10.2). Addition of MIBI confined to nonischemic ECHO studies in which target heart rate was not attained (nondiagnostic studies) increased the OR to a maximal 5.7 (95% CI, 2.2 to 15.0). In contrast, the addition of ECHO to nondiagnostic MIBI studies was not useful. Conclusions Dobutamine-atropine ECHO and MIBI provide comparable prognostic information. The addition of MIBI to ECHO may be useful in patients with nondiagnostic ECHO studies.
Screening for amblyopia in preverbal children with photoscreening photographs11The authors have no proprietary interest in the instrument described in this paper nor in any other vision screening device.
Authors: Patrick Y Tong, Roger E Bassin, Erinn Enke-Miyazaki, Jennifer P Macke, James M Tielsch, David R Stager, George R Beauchamp, Marshall M Parks
Journal: Ophthalmology (2000)

<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Objective</h3> To determine the sensitivity and specificity of vision screening using the Medical Technology and Innovations (MTI), Inc., PhotoScreener. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study. <h3>Participants and testing</h3> Three hundred ninety-two children less than 4 years of age received a complete ophthalmologic examination and were photographed using the MTI PhotoScreener. One hundred three children had normal examinations, and the remaining 284 children had conditions of interest for pediatric screening: ptosis, media opacity, refractive error, or strabismus. Five children were excluded. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> The grading of the photographs by the manufacturer's representative was compared with the results of the ophthalmologic examinations. Sensitivity and specificity of vision screening were determined. <h3>Results</h3> The analysis of all informative photographs resulted in a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 87%. The sensitivity of detection for children with some forms of strabismus was high, up to 95% for esotropia of 10Δ or more. Sensitivities for the detection of ptosis, media opacity, and refractive error were poor in patients where strabismus was not also present. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The MTI PhotoScreener may play a role in preverbal vision screening; identification of two of three children with amblyopiogenic factors before age 4 would be an exciting advance in public health. However, improvement in the ability to identify children with media opacity and refractive error is necessary. Improvements may be possible with modifications of the examination failure and photograph grading criteria.
Asthma: ibuterol versus terbutaline inhalation.
Authors: N M Johnson, S W Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A sural nerve biopsy specimen showed considerable demyelination and increased perineural connective tissue; there was no inflammatory infiltrate, amyloid change, or vasculitis.A gastrocnemius muscle biopsy specimen, showed group atrophy combined with scattered eosinophilic fibres, which had an increased number of internal nuclei (see figure).The patient was treated with thyroxine 0 2 mg daily and was euthyroid after four months.The serum thyroxine rose to 106 nmol/l (8-2 tsg/l0O ml)and thyrotrophin fell to 1-0 mU/l.His neurological state improved over 12 months leaving him symptom-free.His only residual signs were absent tendon reflexes and vibration sensation at the ankles.The conduction velocity in the ulnar nerve increased to 62 m/s and a small sensory potential was evoked.