tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modification of the frequency- and voltage-dependent effects of quinidine when administered in combination with tocainide in canine Purkinje fibers.
Authors: M Valois, B I Sasyniuk
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Frequency- and voltage-dependent modification of drug-induced inhibition of maximal upstroke velocity of the action potential (Vmax) by the combined administration of two class I antiarrhythmic drugs was studied in canine Purkinje fibers, taking depression of upstroke velocity as an indicator of sodium channel blockade. The kinetics of onset of drug-induced Vmax depression and the time course of Vmax recovery were studied after exposure to therapeutic concentrations of tocainide (50 microM) and quinidine (5 microM) both singly and in combination. The rate constant for onset of block during a drive train at a cycle length of 600 msec was 0.95 +/- 0.32 pulses in the presence of tocainide and 5.61 +/- 0.50 pulses in the presence of quinidine. The magnitude of block was three times greater with quinidine than with tocainide. The magnitude of block produced by the combination was no greater than that produced by quinidine alone and may be partly due to abbreviation of action potential duration by tocainide. Onset of block in the presence of the combination was best fitted by a double exponential with rate constants of 0.88 +/- 0.19 and 6.47 +/- 1.36 pulses. Vmax recovery after termination of a rapid train of impulses was delayed by both drugs. Poststimulation recovery from either tocainide- or quinidine-induced block was characterized by a single time constant (1.04 +/- 0.49 and 4.81 +/- 0.76 sec, respectively), while that of the combination was characterized by two time constants (0.43 +/- 0.22 and 5.94 +/- 0.56 sec), presumably corresponding to dissociation of each drug from the sodium channel receptor. The mixture of the two drugs produced a large depression of Vmax of early diastolic premature responses without producing much further depression of Vmax than that produced by quinidine alone at longer coupling intervals. The time constant of recovery from tocainide-induced block was greatly dependent upon membrane potential. After steady-state changes in frequency, the combination produced a greater depression of Vmax at rapid heart rates compared with that produced by quinidine alone, but abbreviated action potential duration more at slower heart rates. Addition of tocainide to fibers equilibrated with quinidine shifted the Vmax-membrane potential relationship to more hyperpolarized potentials, resulting in greater depression of Vmax at more depolarized membrane potentials with little or no additional depression of Vmax at more negative membrane potentials. The results provide a rationale for a possible enhanced antiarrhythmic efficacy of a combination of two class I drugs that have different kinetics of interaction with the sodium channel.
T-bet inhibits both TH2 cell–mediated eosinophil recruitment and TH17 cell–mediated neutrophil recruitment into the airways
Authors: Michio Fujiwara, Koichi Hirose, Shin-ichiro Kagami, Hiroaki Takatori, Hidefumi Wakashin, Tomohiro Tamachi, Norihiko Watanabe, Yasushi Saito, Itsuo Iwamoto, Hiroshi Nakajima
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Effects of the endothelin receptor antagonist TAK-044 on hepatocyte element alterations in the ischemic-reperfused liver in Beagle dogs
Authors: Masamichi Imakita, Naoki Yamanaka, Nobukazu Kuroda, Yoshihiro Kitayama, Sadao Sasaki, Ikuko Nakagaki, Seiki Hori, Eizo Okamoto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Bright basal ganglia in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images are frequent in patients with portal vein thrombosis without liver cirrhosis and not suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Wilhelm Nolte, Jens Wiltfang, Christian G. Schindler, Knut Unterberg, Michael Finkenstaedt, Peter D. Niedmann, Henz Hartmann, Giuliano Ramadori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Mandatory Treatment for Drug Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Wendy Chavkin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE CRACK epidemic is unique among American drug waves because of the high level of involvement of young women.<sup>1,2</sup>In response to this, there have been attempts to impose criminal sanctions on pregnant women who use drugs or alcohol. To date, there have been 50 efforts to prosecute women for using drugs or alcohol while pregnant, with two convictions, and at least seven states have legislation pending that would alter child protective laws to encompass drug use during pregnancy under the rubric of fetal abuse.<sup>3,4</sup>Fueled by hotly contested political controversies, such as the legal status of the fetus and the criminalization of addiction, the debate has generally polarized between therapy or sanction. Some have proposed mandatory treatment for pregnant women as a compromise. This article examines other experiences with mandatory treatment to assess whether such treatment has proven efficacious, whether these
Dissolving Phenytoin Precipitate in Central Venous Access Device
Authors: C.S. Ted Tse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 June 1998Dissolving Phenytoin Precipitate in Central Venous Access DeviceC.S. Ted Tse, PharmD, MBA and Raied Abdullah, MDC.S. Ted Tse, PharmD, MBAVencor Hospital-Northlake; Northlake, IL 60164Search for more papers by this author and Raied Abdullah, MDVencor Hospital-Northlake; Northlake, IL 60164Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-12_Part_1-199806150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We describe a patient in whom sodium bicarbonate solution was used to restore patency of a central venous access device that was occluded by precipitate of phenytoin sodium injection. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for ventilator management complicated by distal esophagitis, deep venous thromboses requiring an inferior vena caval filter, recurrent aspiration pneumonia, line infections, respiratory failure requiring intubation, and seizures. A Groshong catheter (Bard Access Systems, Salt Lake City, Utah) was in the right subclavian vein. The patient had received antibiotics and vasopressor agents. At the time of the incident, medications were phenytoin ...References1. Akinwande KI, Keehn DM. Dissolution of phenytoin precipitate with sodium bicarbonate in an occluded central venous device. Ann Pharmacother. 1995; 29:707-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Vencor Hospital-Northlake; Northlake, IL 60164 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1998Volume 128, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1049KeywordsBicarbonatesCathetersGlucoseSaline solutionsSodiumUnited States pharmacopeiaVancomycinVasopressorsVeinsVentilators Issue Published: 15 June 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Beta-Blockers for Stable Heart Failure
Authors: Lynne Warner Stevenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

According to current recommendations, β-adrenergic–receptor blocking agents should be prescribed for all patients who have symptomatic heart failure and are in stable condition, unless these agents are contraindicated. The impetus for this approach is often traced to Göteborg, Sweden, where Waagstein and colleagues observed that the administration of β-adrenergic–receptor blocking agents decreased pulmonary congestion in some patients with acute myocardial infarction and elevated heart rate. Speculating that “patients with congestive heart failure from other causes might also respond well to a reduction of tachycardia by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade,” in 1975 they reported successful use of beta-blocking agents with partial intrinsic . . .
An appraisal of oral retinoids in the treatment of pachyonychia congenita
Authors: Robert Gruber, Michael Edlinger, Roger L. Kaspar, C. David Hansen, Sancy Leachman, Leonard M. Milstone, Frances J.D. Smith, Alexis Sidoroff, Peter O. Fritsch, Matthias Schmuth
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
CD71 phenotype and the value of gallium imaging in lymphomas
Authors: Walter Feremans, Willem Bujan, Pierre Neve, Jean‐Pierre Delville, Liliane Schandene
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Tumor cells of 14 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphomas and 2 cases of Hodgkin disease were tested for the presence of the transferrin receptor (CD71) by flow cytofluorimetry before 67gallium imaging. It appeared that expression of CD71 phenotype was closely related to the positivity of gallium scan before therapy. We feel that this test is able to predict the avidity for 67gallium and the clinical implications are discussed.
Nephrotic Syndrome Associated with Fanconi Syndrome
Authors: MICHAEL SHWAYDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

The nature of renal lesions in a patient with simultaneous onset of the Fanconi syndrome and nephrotic syndrome was investigated by immunologic studies of the patient's serum, cryoproteins, and renal tissue. Acute severe tubulointerstitial nephritis and generalized segmental glomerulonephritis were present. Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) antigen, IgG, and Clq were localized in the glomerull and proximal tubules. Cryoprecipitates containing RTE antigen and anti-RTE antigen were isolated from the patient's serum antibody to RTE antigen was detected in the serum of the patient. However, antibody to tubular basement membrane was not found in the cryoproteins or serum. The unusual simultaneous presentation of these two syndromes in our patient possibly represents a common etiology: tubular damage with release of RTE antigen and subsequent development of immune-complex glomerulonephritis mediated by renal tubular epithelial antigen and antibody to this antigen.
Influence of heart rate, preload, afterload, and inotropic state on myocardial ultrasonic backscatter.
Authors: K B Sagar, L E Pelc, T L Rhyne, L S Wann, D C Waltier
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Ultrasonic backscatter is substantially modified by pathologic changes in myocardium. Influence of physiologic changes in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, preload, and inotropic state were studied in 17 anesthetized open-chest dogs. Heart rate was changed with atrial pacing/ULFS'49 (a selective bradycardiac agent). Mean arterial pressure was varied with aortic constriction/nitroprusside, preload was altered with nitroglycerin/volume infusion, and inotropic states were altered with dobutamine (10 microns/kg)/esmolol (100 microns/kg). IBR5, an optimum weighted frequency average (4 to 6.8 MHz) of the squared envelope of diffraction corrected for absolute backscatter, and the Fourier coefficient of amplitude modulation (FAM), an index of cardiac cycle-dependent variation, were measured from six sequential electrocardiographically gated intervals throughout the cardiac cycle. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, preload, and inotropic state did not significantly affect IBR5. FAM increased from 3.5 +/- 0.3 dB (mean +/- SEM) to 7.0 +/- 0.4 dB (p less than .01) at a heart rate of 120 beats/min, and decreased to 3.9 +/- 0.4 at a heart rate of 160 beats/min. No change in FAM was noted with a rise (70 +/- 12 to 45 +/- 10 mmHg) in mean arterial pressure or preload (an increase or decrease in diastolic segment length of +/- 10% from the baseline). Dobutamine produced a significant increase in left ventricular dP/dt (2600 +/- 200 to 3475 +/- 275 mm Hg) and FAM (3.4 +/- 0.1 to 6.4; p less than .01). Esmolol significantly reduced left ventricular dP/dt (2600 +/- 200 to 2000 +/- 175 mm Hg, p less than .05) and FAM (3.4 +/- 0.01 to 6.4 +/- 0.1; p less than .01). We conclude that IBR5 is independent of heart rate, mean arterial pressure, preload, and inotropic state. Cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation follows changes in cardiac contraction.
DISCUSSION ON DIPHTHERIA AND MEMBRANOUS CROUP.--ITS UNITY OR DUALITY.
Authors: E. L. BOOTH BY
Journal: JAMA (1883)

The alleged or so-called differences between what is known as membranous croup and diphtheritis are—1st, pathological; 2d, clinical ones. There was great importance attached to the pathological structure of the false membranes found in the pharynx and larynx in the peculiar inflammations known as diphtheria and membranous croup. Virchow was the originator of these so-called pathological differences, better called theoretical distinctions. He admitted a similarity in structure, but claimed that the exudation was poured into the structure into the substance of the mucous membrane in pharyngeal<i>diphtheria</i>, while in membranous croup the exudation was but a coagulation upon the surface. A most important point was thought here to be made in practical diagnosis,—removing the membranes, etc., etc. No homogenous basement membrane in the pharynx, and is in the larynx. He surrendered this ground finally, for he found that these exudations passed into each other by insensible gradations, and then brought
Noninvasive quantification of regional myocardial blood flow in coronary artery disease with oxygen-15-labeled carbon dioxide inhalation and positron emission tomography.
Authors: L I Araujo, A A Lammertsma, C G Rhodes, E O McFalls, H Iida, E Rechavia, A Galassi, R De Silva, T Jones, A Maseri
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Oxygen-15-labeled water is a diffusible, metabolically inert myocardial blood flow tracer with a short half-life (2 minutes) that can be used quantitatively with positron emission tomography (PET). The purpose of this study was to validate a new technique to quantify myocardial blood flow (MBF) in animals and to assess its application in patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The technique involves the administration of 15O-labeled carbon dioxide (C15O2) and rapid dynamic scanning. Arterial and myocardial time activity curves were fitted to a single tissue compartment tracer kinetic model to estimate MBF in each myocardial region. Validation studies consisted of 52 simultaneous measurements of MBF with PET and gamma-labeled microspheres in nine closed-chest dogs over a flow range of 0.5-6.1 ml/g/min. A good correlation between the two methods was obtained (y = 0.36 + 1.0x, r = 0.91). Human studies consisted of 11 normal volunteers and eight patients with chronic stable angina and single-vessel disease, before and after intravenous dipyridamole infusion. In the normal group, MBF was homogeneous throughout the left ventricle both at rest and after administration of dipyridamole (0.88 +/- 0.08 ml/g/min and 3.52 +/- 1.12 ml/g/min, respectively; p less than or equal to 0.001). In patients, resting MBF was similar in the distribution of the normal and stenotic arteries (1.03 +/- 0.23 and 0.93 +/- 0.21 ml/g/min, respectively). After dipyridamole infusion, MBF in normally perfused areas increased to 2.86 +/- 0.83 ml/g/min, whereas in the regions supplied by stenotic arteries it increased to only 1.32 +/- 0.27 ml/g/min (p less than or equal to 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PET with C15O2 inhalation provides an accurate noninvasive quantitative method for measuring regional myocardial blood flow in patients.
Distinctive immune response patterns of human and murine autoimmune sera to U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein.
Authors: M Satoh, J J Langdon, K J Hamilton, H B Richards, D Panka, R A Eisenberg, W H Reeves
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The Ul small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), a complex of nine proteins with Ul RNA, is a frequent target of autoantibodies in human and murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anti-Sm antibodies recognizing the B'/B, D, E, F, and G proteins of Ul snRNPs are highly specific for SLE, and are nearly always accompanied by anti-nRNP antibodies recognizing the Ul snRNP-specific 70K, A, and/or C proteins. Previous studies suggest that human anti-nRNP antibodies recognize primarily the U1-70K and Ul-A proteins, whereas recognition of Ul-C is less frequent. We report here that autoantibodies to U1-C are more common in human autoimmune sera than believed previously. Using a novel immunoprecipitation technique to detect autoantibodies to native Ul-C, 75/78 human sera with anti-nRNP/ Sm antibodies were anti-Ul-C (+). In striking contrast, only 1/65 anti-nRNP/Sm (+) MRL mouse sera of various Igh allotypes was positive. Two of ten anti-nRNP/Sm (+) sera from BALB/c mice with a lupus-like syndrome induced by pristane recognized Ul-C. Thus, lupus in MRL mice was characterized by a markedly lower frequency of anti-U1-C antibodies than seen in human SLE or pristane-induced lupus. The results may indicate different pathways of intermolecular-intrastructural diversification of autoantibody responses to the components of Ul snRNPs in human and murine lupus, possibly mediated by alterations in antigen processing induced by the autoantibodies themselves.
Comparison of Plateau Insulin Levels Achieved by Intravenous or Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion: Evidence for Low Rates of Subcutaneous Degradation
Authors: Edward W Kraegen, Donald J Chisholm, Margot J Hewett
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Continuous insulin infusion via the subcutaneous (s.c.) route is attractive for diabetes therapy because of its simplicity compared with other routes. Some insulin will be degraded locally before systemic absorption, although the magnitude of this degradation hasnot been established. We have performed in five normal subjects s.c. and intravenous (i.v.) insulin infusions (2.4 U/h) of sufficient duration to compare steady-state systemic appearance rates of exogenous insulin. A steady state was produced after 60–90 min (i.v.) and 6–8 h (s.c). Blood glucose fell to approximately 2.7 mmol/L in both studies and a fall in C-peptide indicated suppression of endogenous insulin secretion. Plateau insulin levels attributable to systemic entry of exogenous insulin were 36 ± 2.0 mU/L (i.v. route) and 29 ± 1.8 mU/L (s.c. route). These indicate a rate of s.c.degradation of insulin of 19 ± 5% in the steady state. We conclude that there is a low rate of degradation of insulin during continuous s.c. infusion.
Radiosensitization and Modulation of p44/42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by 2-Methoxyestradiol in Prostate Cancer Models
Authors: Eli V. Casarez, Marya E. Dunlap-Brown, Mark R. Conaway, George P. Amorino
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2) is an endogenous estradiol metabolite that inhibits microtubule polymerization, tumor growth, and angiogenesis. Because prostate cancer is often treated with radiotherapy, and 2ME2 has shown efficacy as a single agent against human prostate carcinoma, we evaluated 2ME2 as a potential radiosensitizer in prostate cancer models. A dose-dependent decrease in mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation was observed in human PC3 prostate cancer cells treated with 2ME2 for 18 h. This decrease correlated with in vitro radiosensitization measured by clonogenic assays, and these effects were blocked by the expression of constitutively active MEK. Male nude mice with subcutaneous PC3 xenografts in the hind leg were treated with 2ME2 (75 mg/kg) p.o. for 5 days, and 2 Gy radiation fractions were delivered each day at 4 h after drug treatment. A statistically significant super-additive effect between radiation and 2ME2 was observed in this subcutaneous model, using analysis of within-animal slopes. A PC-3M orthotopic model was also used, with bioluminescence imaging as an end point. PC-3M cells stably expressing the luciferase gene were surgically implanted into the prostates of male nude mice. Mice were given oral doses of 2ME2 (75 mg/kg), with radiation fractions (3 Gy) delivered 4 h later. Mice were then imaged weekly for 4 to 5 weeks with a Xenogen system. A significant super-additive effect was also observed in the orthotopic model. These data show that 2ME2 is an effective radiosensitizing agent against human prostate cancer xenografts, and that the mechanism may involve a decrease in mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation by 2ME2. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):8316–24]
Effect of heart rate on zonal tension and ischaemia following coronary occlusion: optimal rate for Treppe versus ischaemia
Authors: M. M. BODENHEIMER, V. S. BANKA, R. H. HELFANT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Journal Article Effect of heart rate on zonal tension and ischaemia following coronary occlusion: optimal rate for Treppe versus ischaemia Get access MONTY M. BODENHEIMER, MONTY M. BODENHEIMER From the Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar VIDYA S. BANKA, VIDYA S. BANKA From the Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD H. HELFANT RICHARD H. HELFANT From the Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 10, Issue 3, May 1976, Pages 336–340, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/10.3.336 Published: 01 May 1976
Dendrimeric poly(propylene-imines) as effective delivery agents for DNAzymes: Dendrimer synthesis, stability and oligonucleotide complexation
Authors: F. Tack, A. Bakker, S. Maes, N. Dekeyser, M. Bruining, C. Elissen-Roman, M. Janicot, H.M. Janssen, B.F.M. De Waal, P.M. Fransen, X. Lou, E.W. Meijer, A. Arien, M.E. Brewster
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Assessment of Hostility in Patients with Functional Cardiac Complaints. Part I
Authors: O.W. Schonecke, W. Schüffel, N. Schäfer, K. Winter
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

As part of a double blind trial two groups of patients with 'functional complaints of heart and circulation' have been tested psychologically. During short interviews with these patients it had occurred, that hostility and its management by the patients play an important role in the life situation as well as in the therapeutic situation. By 'Repertory Grid-Technique' assessment of corresponding cognitive structure has been tried.
Non-Surgical Treatment of Cardio-Esophageal Obstruction — Role of Endoscopy
Authors: G. Tytgat, F. den Hartog Jager
Journal: Endoscopy (1977)

The role of fiberendoscopy with regard to various dilatatory procedures is discussed. In particular detailed information is given for dilatation of tight asymmetrical fibrous strictures, with metal olives, for dilatation of advanced achalasia and for dilatation of obstructing gastro-esophageal malignancy, followed by positioning of a plastic prosthesis under endoscopic control.