tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intradiaphragmatic Cyst
Authors: Weston T. Buddington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE interest of the surgeon in retroperitoneal tumors of the upper abdomen has been stimulated in recent years by the newer methods developed for diagnosis and by the improved technics for operative exposure and removal of these lesions. Aortography, precoccygeal pneumography and the tests of adrenal function have been especially helpful.Among the more common tumors of this area are those of the kidney and adrenal gland although echinococcus cysts and lesions of adjacent organs, such as the liver and pancreas, occasionally occupy the region and displace the kidney or its excretory channels. In addition, a group of cysts arise . . .
Oral Sodium Cromoglycate in Chronic Urticaria
Authors: J. Thormann, G. Laurberg, H. Zachariae
Journal: Allergy (1980)

Fifteen patients were included in a double‐blind cross‐over trial to investigate the efficacy of oral sodium cromoglycate in the treatment of chronic urticaria. Only patients with positive oral provocation tests were entered into the study. The challenging agents were food additives or antirheumatic agents. Treatments were taken for 4 weeks and the dose of sodium cromoglycate was 200 mg four times daily. No significant differences were found between active and placebo treatment periods for diary card symptom scores. Six patients preferred the active treatment, two preferred placebo and seven had no preference. The clinician showed no preference for either treatment.
Calcium currents are altered in the vascular muscle cell membrane of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: N J Rusch, K Hermsmeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Calcium currents were recorded during whole-cell voltage clamp in cultured azygos venous muscle cells from 1-3-day-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Different holding potentials were used to separate total cell current into its transient (T) and sustained or long-lasting (L) components. In recordings from 30 WKY and 30 SHR vascular cells, total cell calcium current was the same between cells from normotensive (167 +/- 20 pA) and hypertensive (139 +/- 15 pA) rats. However, the relative proportion of T and L calcium currents was different between WKY and SHR cells. In WKY cells, the peak amplitude of the L current was less than that of the T current (42 +/- 30% of total current), whereas in SHR cells, the L current was greater (62 +/- 3% of total current). Calcium currents in vascular muscle cells from SHR were activated and inactivated at more positive potentials than in cells from WKY. This study directly compares transmembrane calcium current in isolated cells from WKY and SHR blood vessels and shows that the proportions of T and L calcium channels activated by depolarization are altered in this genetic model of hypertension.
Breast Cancer After Hodgkin Disease
Authors: Joachim Yahalom
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of inhibition of nitric oxide formation on coronary blood flow during exercise in the dog
Authors: J. D Altman, J. Kinn, D. J Duncker, R. J Bache
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Effect of inhibition of nitric oxide formation on coronary blood flow during exercise in the dog Get access John D Altman, John D Altman Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 508 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Correspondence to Dr Bache. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James Kinn, James Kinn Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 508 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dirk J Duncker, Dirk J Duncker Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 508 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert J Bache Robert J Bache Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 508 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 1, January 1994, Pages 119–124, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.1.119 Published: 01 January 1994 Article history Received: 23 March 1993 Accepted: 03 September 1993 Published: 01 January 1994
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH A NEW RAUWOLFIA-FLUMETHIAZIDE PREPARATION
Authors: George P. Bain
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Although the precise nature of the relationship between sodium metabolism and the hypertensive state remains unexplained, 1 the beneficial effects from depleting stores of sodium in patients with hypertension have been recognized for many years. Ambard and Beaujard 2 observed more than 50 years prior to the time of writing that salt deprivation reduced the blood pressure in persons with hypertension. Although these investigators attributed the effectiveness of their regimen to the restriction of chloride, they were the progenitors of the low-sodium diet as a therapeutic measure in hypertension. Some years later, Allen and Sherrill 3 also found that salt restriction was beneficial in patients with hypertension if the sodium-chloride intake was limited to 1 Gm. daily, or less. In the years which followed, Kempner, 4 Grollman and co-authors, 2 and others 5 reported that a low-sodium diet reduced the blood pressure and decreased the symptoms in patients with hypertension.
Ugandan hospitals ration AIDS treatment as antiretrovirals start to run out
Authors: H. Wasswa
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors in Uganda have warned that the country is facing an acute shortage of antiretroviral drugs. New patients with HIV or AIDS are being turned away from clinics, and those lucky enough to be getting treatment are being given just one month’s worth instead of the usual three months’ supply.

Zainab Akol, manager of the health ministry’s AIDS control programme, said, “All the 228 000 patients currently on ARV [antiretroviral] treatment are receiving the drugs. But because we do not have adequate quantities of ARVs, we have first to maintain those already on treatment. We do not recruit new patients at the cost …
THE ELECTRICAL TREATMENT OF THE PARALYSIS OF POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: R. J. Morris
Journal: BMJ (1927)

the par-etic or paralysed limiibs splinited in the position of selection.We have found that this can.becomnmenced in approximately foulr to six weeks frolmi the onset, anid the frame finally discarded in a further two to tlhree miiontlhs.Notes of six early cases treated oln these lilnes are appended.Case 1.-A boy, aged 31 years, was first seen three days after onset.He had complete paralysis of both legs, but was able to contract t.he flexors of the hips slightly with assistanice.Back weak.High temperature.Cerebral crX.He was immobilized on a frame, with club-foot shoes holding the feet.Two days later removal of the frame was suggested as the child was thought to be dying, but it was retainied, anid the acute stage subsided two
Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms in a Patient With Behcet Syndrome: Evaluation With Radionuclide Angiography and V/Q Lung Scanning
Authors: TARIK BASOGLU, FEVZIYE CANBAZ, IREM BERNAY, MURAT DANACI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

The case of a 14-year-old girl with Behcet syndrome is described. Besides painful and recurrent oral ulcerations, the patient had a cough and intermittent hemoptysis. The initial chest roentgenogram revealed bilateral parahilar opacities. CT and MRI scans of the thorax showed bilateral thrombosing aneurysms of the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary blood flow imaging was performed after technegas ventilation lung scanning and Tc-99m MAA injection using a first-pass radionuclide angiography procedure. Altered blood flow in the left pulmonary artery was shown. Bilateral and well-defined ventilation/perfusion mismatched areas suggested a high probability of pulmonary embolism. Little additional information was obtained on subsequent contrast pulmonary angiography. The high incidence of pulmonary artery hypertension and associated vascular injury risk makes pulmonary angiography an unsafe procedure in patients with pulmonary Behcet syndrome. The need for pulmonary angiography could be obviated in such cases with the use of high-precision MRI and ventilation/perfusion lung scanning, including radionuclide pulmonary angiography.
BMA has to pay £815 000 in damages for indirect racial discrimination
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The BMA was ordered last week to pay £814877 ($1.2m; €1.3m) compensation to an Asian surgeon after the association refused repeated requests to assist him in race discrimination claims against the medical training authorities over recognition of his training.

The Manchester employment tribunal ruled that the BMA was itself guilty of indirect race discrimination in refusing to support race discrimination claims by its members against royal colleges, specialty advisory committees of royal colleges, postgraduate deans, or the specialist training authority. The tribunal cleared the association of direct discrimination in refusing to support Rajendra Chaudhary's claims. But the BMA was found guilty …
EFFECT OF PNEUMOCOCCUS AUTOLYSATE ANTITOXIN ON PNEUMOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA IN GUINEA PIGS
Authors: Julia T. Weld, Helena Gilder
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

1. In rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice pneumococcus autolysate antitoxin has no effect against generalized infection by the pneumococcus. 2. In a large proportion of cases of pneumonia and sepsis caused by the intratracheal inoculation of large amounts of living pneumococci in normal or sensitized guinea pigs, autolysate antitoxin saves the animal. 3. The autolysate antitoxin is protective in most cases of pneumonia and sepsis caused by the intratracheal inoculation of small amounts of living pneumococci combined with sublethal doses of staphylococcus toxin. 4. These experiments indicate that in pneumococcus pneumonia of guinea pigs the autolysate toxin or toxins are elaborated only in the lungs.
Universal parenting classes won't help conduct disorders
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Confidently, my brother threw the huge new bowie knife at the door. The handle hit the wood, and it bounced wildly backwards, narrowing missing my ear. We laughed. 

“The best present ever,” my brother said. 

Few children get knives as presents these days. We were a generation whose parents were distant. We were largely ignored, rarely affirmed, yet paradoxically free, independent, and self contained. Those were harsher days.⇑

Today’s children seem not only materially indulged but also emotionally indulged and immature. I feel uncomfortable when parents suggest their children are their “best …
Do clinical guidelines introduced with practice based education improve care of asthmatic and diabetic patients? A randomised controlled trial in general practices in east London
Authors: G. Feder, C. Griffiths, C. Highton, S. Eldridge, M. Spence, L. Southgate
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b>To determine whether locally developed guidelines on asthma and diabetes disseminated through practice based education improve quality of care in non-training, inner city general practices. <b>Design:</b>Randomised controlled trial with each practice receiving one set of guidelines but providing data on the management of both conditions. <b>Subjects:</b>24 inner city, non-training general practices. <b>Setting:</b>East London. <b>Main outcome measures:</b>Recording of key variables in patient records (asthma: peak flow rate, review of inhaler technique, review of asthma symptoms, prophylaxis, occupation, and smoking habit; diabetes: blood glucose concentration, glycaemic control, funduscopy, feet examination, weight, and smoking habit); size of practice disease registers; prescribing in asthma; and use of structured consultation "prompts." <b>Results:</b>In practices receiving diabetes guidelines, significant improvements in recording were seen for all seven diabetes variables. Both groups of practices showed improved recording of review of inhaler technique, smoking habit, and review of asthma symptoms. In practices receiving asthma guidelines, further improvement was seen only in recording of review of inhaler technique and quality of prescribing in asthma. Sizes of disease registers were unchanged. The use of structured prompts was associated with improved recording of four of seven variables on diabetes and all six variables on asthma. <b>Conclusions:</b>Local guidelines disseminated via practice based education improve the management of diabetes and possibly of asthma in inner city, non-training practices. The use of simple prompts may enhance this improvement.
Progress in Chemoprevention: AACR Task Force Report
Authors: Paul F. Engstrom
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Kelloff et al. ([1][1]) present an overview on cancer chemoprevention drug development. This state-of-the-science article represents the collective input from cancer prevention scientists assembled under the auspices of the AACR. This review complements
Morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia with cytogenetic or molecular evidence for the diagnosis: Characterization of additional microgranular variants
Authors: Peter B. Neame, Praniti Soamboonsrup, Brian Leber, Ronald F. Carter, Linda Sunisloe, Wendy Patterson, Andrea Orzel, Shannon Bates, John A. McBride
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Early diagnosis of t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is essential because of the associated disseminated intravascular coagulation and the unique response of the disease to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy. Early diagnosis depends primarily on morphological recognition. The French-American-British (FAB) classification, however, does not describe all morphological variations that occur in APL. In 25 cases with evidence of APL confirmed by cytogenetic and/or molecular analysis, we found a heterogeneous morphological group. The most common form of APL was heterogeneous and consisted of various combinations of cells in which hypergranular cells and some cells with multiple Auer rods were obvious. In some cases, one cell predominated. This led to the description of five subcategories. These included the classical FAB M3 with hypergranular cells and multiple Auer rods; the FAB variant with hypogranular bilobed cells; the basophilic cell type of McKenna et al. [Br. J. Haematol 50:201, 1982]; and two additional subtypes, one consisting of differentiated promyelocytes and a few blast cells (M2-like), and the other consisting largely of blast cells and a few early promyelocytes (M1-like). Immunophenotyping revealed a pattern of CD33 and/or CD13 positivity, and CD14 and HLA-DR negativity in 96% of cases. CD2 was positive in the FAB variant and in the subtype with basophilic cells, but negative with other subtypes. Three out of five cases with basophilic cell predominance [McKenna et al.: Br J Haematol 50:201, 1982], and one out of two M2-like cases, responded to ATRA therapy. Awareness of the heterogeneity and the atypical morphologic subtypes found in t(15;17) APL will contribute to improved recognition and early institution of ATRA therapy. Am. J. Hematol. 56:131–142, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Proteomics analysis of tissue samples obtained before and during letrozole treatment in postmenopausal patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
Authors: V Hans, DB Evans, PE Lonning, J Geisler
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3030 Introduction&amp;#x2028; We report on the analysis of protein expression in the tumor tissue of postmenopausal patients before and after 4 months of letrozole treatment in the neoadjuvant setting. All patients had ER and/or PGR positive breast cancer and were enrolled in the “FAST-study”. Letrozole was given orally as 2.5 mg once daily. Tumor tissue was obtained by large, open biopsies prior to treatment and during final surgery (in general: mastectomy).&amp;#x2028; Methods&amp;#x2028; We used paired samples from 13 postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Breast cancer tissue and plasma samples were obtained prior to treatment and after 4 months of therapy with letrozole in the neoadjuvant setting. Thus, all in all 26 tumor samples were used from 13 individual patients. Proteins were extracted from 20-50 mg of breast cancer tissue, labeled with fluorescent dyes and separated using 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE). After image analysis, differentially expressed proteins (p&amp;lt;0.01, paired T- and Wilcoxon tests) were identified using MALDI tandem mass spectrometry.&amp;#x2028; Results and discussion&amp;#x2028; The 2-D DIGE based method allowed monitoring of 2000-2500 protein species in each sample. After alignment of all these patterns, around 25 cellular proteins were found to be differentially expressed in the pairwise pre-/post-treatment comparison, along with several plasma proteins. Among these cellular proteins were several reported tumor markers such as stathmin and NDPKA, chaperones such as HSP-60, and members of the annexin family. We are currently investigating the correlation between these proteins and the clinical parameters.&amp;#x2028; To our knowledge this is the first report on proteomics analysis comparing samples obtained before and during treatment with a third-generation aromatase inhibitor. The study demonstrates the feasibility of performing a high-resolution proteomics analysis on tumor material derived from needle biopsies and yielded a number of potential markers, which will require further confirmation in a larger population. The results might be useful to elucidate adaptive mechanisms to estrogen suppression in vivo. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3030.
Therapy for Incubating Syphilis
Authors: Arnold L. Schroeter
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The epidemiologic control of syphilis would be greatly enhanced if gonorrhea therapy were simultaneously curative for incubating syphilis. In a cooperative study, schedules currently recommended by the Public Health Service for gonorrhea treatment in the male and female (aqueous penicillin G procaine, 2.4 and 4.8 million units, respectively) were evaluated in 127 patients exposed to infectious syphilis within a 30-day period. After a three-month clinical and serologic follow-up, these schedules were found to be 100% effective in aborting incubating syphilis. Of a control group of contacts treated with placebo who were exposed to infectious syphilis within 30 days preceding treatment, 30% developed syphilis. Consequently, aqueous penicillin G procaine in the dosage of 2.4 and 4.8 million units is curative therapy for patients with gonorrhea with coexisting incubating syphilis.
Touching: The Human Significance of the Skin
Authors: Marshall F. Gilula
Journal: JAMA (1971)

As the author of over 30 books, Ashley Montagu will not disappoint his followers with this latest volume. One thesis of this book is that the skin is one of the more important organ systems of the body. Although few can deny this obvious point, critical readers may object to Montagu's interpretations that include over-generalizations from research in non-human species, overdrawn arguments, and selection of integumentary conclusions from studies involving multiple organ systems. The book's weakest point is its discussion of integrative functions performed by the skin in relation to other organ systems of the body.  During early life, the skin functions as an encompassing sensory system which provides the organism with a barrage of data about the world outside. Individuals such as Helen Keller expanded the possibilities of the skin as a sensory system. She was able to develop her mind largely in response to tactile stimulation. More usually,
Examining the Role of Mitochondrial Respiration in Vanilloid-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: N. Hail
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2002)

Background: The vanilloids capsaicin and resiniferatoxin are natural products that contain a vanillyl moiety (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl). Both vanilloids can induce apoptosis in certain cell types by a mechanism that has not been fully elucidated but may involve plasma membrane or mitochondrial targets. We investigated the role of mitochondrial respiration in vanilloid-induced apoptosis. Methods: Cytofluorometric analysis was used to evaluate the effects of vanilloids on apoptosis, Ca2+ mobilization, hydroperoxide generation, and DNA content in cells from two human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines (parental cells) and in their respiration-deficient clones. Oxygen consumption by the cells was determined polarographically. Results: The majority of the parental SCC cells underwent apoptosis after a 12-hour exposure to 100 μM capsaicin or 10 μM resiniferatoxin. The induction of apoptosis was associated with the mitochondrial permeability transition (i.e., an increase in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane associated with the opening of a nonspecific pore). Exposure of parental cells to either vanilloid was not associated with an increase in intracellular free Ca2+ levels but was associated with a rapid increase in hydroperoxide generation and a decrease in oxygen consumption. After vanilloid treatment, the respiration-deficient clones generated less hydroperoxide and were resistant to the mitochondrial permeability transition and the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, vanilloid treatment inhibited cell proliferation in the respiration-deficient clones by promoting G1 arrest. Conclusions: Vanilloid-induced apoptosis in the parental SCC cells appears to involve the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. The apoptogenic effects promoted by vanilloid treatment in parental SCC cells, as well as the antiproliferative effects observed in their respiration-deficient clones, suggest that vanilloids may be useful for preventing or treating skin cancers or other hyperproliferative skin disorders.