tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A pyrrole–imidazole polyamide targeting transforming growth factor-β1 inhibits restenosis and preserves endothelialization in the injured artery
Authors: En-Hui Yao, Noboru Fukuda, Takahiro Ueno, Hiroyuki Matsuda, Hiroki Nagase, Yoshiaki Matsumoto, Hiroshi Sugiyama, Koichi Matsumoto
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Although the use of drug-eluting stents (DESs) has been shown to limit neointima hyperplasia, currently available DESs may adversely affect re-endothelialization. To evaluate whether a novel gene silencer pyrrole–imidazole (PI) polyamide targeting transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is a candidate agent for the DESs, we examined the effects of PI polyamide targeting the TGF-β1 promoter on neointimal formation in rat carotid artery after balloon injury. PI polyamide was designed to span the boundary of the AP-1 binding site of the TGF-β1 promoter. After inducing balloon injury to arteries, incubation with PI polyamide was carried out for 10 min. Neointimal thickening and re-endothelialization were evaluated at 21 days after injury. Fluoresceinisothiocyanate-labelled PI polyamide was distributed into most of the nuclei in the injured artery without any delivery reagents. PI polyamide (100 µg) significantly inhibited neointimal thickening at 21 days after injury by 57%. PI polyamide targeting TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in the artery at 3 days after injury and also suppressed the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), fibronectin, collagen type 1, and lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 mRNAs. A morphometric analysis showed that PI polyamide targeting TGF-β1 accelerated re-endothelialization in the injured artery. These findings suggest that the synthetic PI polyamide targeting the TGF-β1 promoter may have the potential to suppress neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury by the down-regulation of TGF-β1 and CTGF and the reduction of the extracellular matrix. As a result, PI polyamide targeting TGF-β1 may therefore be a potentially effective agent for the treatment of in-stent restenosis, as a candidate agent for the next-generation DES.
Effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist MK-0679 on baseline pulmonary function in aspirin sensitive asthmatic subjects.
Authors: B Dahlen, D J Margolskee, O Zetterstrom, S E Dahlen
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Pressure support (PS), a new mode of ventilatory assistance, is known to induce respiratory muscle relaxation. It was used to obtain reliable measurements of the compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) in awake subjects. PS was applied, through a mouthpiece, at four successive levels (0, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 kPa) to 30 healthy subjects. At the highest PS level, the subject9s relaxation was obtained as assessed by a decrease in the occlusion pressure from 0.10 +/- 0.06 to 0.05 +/- 0.04 kPa, whereas the minute ventilation increased (from 7.5 +/- 1.5 to 13.8 +/- 3.3 l.min-1), and the end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) decreased (from 5.0 +/- 0.4 to 3.2 +/- 0.5 kPa) below its apnoea threshold. In three subjects, respiratory muscle relaxation was confirmed by a fall in diaphragmatic electromyographic activity. Crs was calculated as the ratio of the tidal volume to the corresponding end-inspiratory airway pressure (i.e. PS level) since, at end inspiration, a zero-flow period was obtained. Crs was highly correlated (r = 0.77) to the height (Ht) of the subjects: Crs (l.kPa-1) = 3.56 x Ht (m) -4.86 (+/- 0.23), allowing normal values to be determined. In order to evaluate the applicability of the method to patients, Crs was measured in four patients with scoliosis, and was found to range from 45-82% of the predicted values. It is suggested that this simple method of Crs determination may be used to characterize various chest wall or pulmonary diseases.
Long term survival in non-encapsulated primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum.
Authors: R G Grewal, K Prager, J H Austin, H Rotterdam
Journal: Thorax (1993)

An elderly woman presented with dyspnoea secondary to extensive mediastinal invasion by a primary well differentiated liposarcoma of the mediastinum. Five years after partial resection and postoperative radiotherapy (45 Gy) she is alive and well. To our knowledge, long term survival has not previously been reported for a non-encapsulated mediastinal liposarcoma treated by incomplete resection and subsequent radiation therapy.
Evaluation of public education campaigns in cutaneous melanoma: the King's College Hospital experience
Authors: H.C. WILLIAMS, D. SMITH, A.W.P. VIVIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Evaluation of public education campaigns in cutaneous melanoma: the King's College Hospital experience Get access H.C. WILLIAMS, H.C. WILLIAMS Departments of Dermatology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill London SE59RS, U.K. Dr Hywel C. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. SMITH, D. SMITH Departments of Morbid Anatomy, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill London SE59RS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.W.P. du VIVIER A.W.P. du VIVIER Departments of Dermatology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill London SE59RS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 1, 1 July 1990, Pages 85–92, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01827.x Published: 01 July 1990
Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes
Authors: Devi E. Nampiaparampil
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lung Bone Marrow–derived Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Enhance Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Taku Nakashima, Tianju Liu, Hongfeng Yu, Lin Ding, Matthew Ullenbruch, Biao Hu, Zhe Wu, Hideyuki Oguro, Sem H. Phan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells have been implicated in pulmonary fibrosis. However, their precise role in pathogenesis is incompletely understood.To elucidate roles of BM-derived cells in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and clarify their potential relationship to lung hematopoietic progenitor cells (LHPCs).GFP BM-chimera mice treated with or without bleomycin were used to assess the BM-derived cells.GFP(+) cells in the chimera lung were found to be comprised of two distinct phenotypes: GFP(hi) and GFP(low) cells. The GFP(hi), but not GFP(low), population was significantly increased after bleomycin treatment. Flow-cytometric analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that GFP(hi) cells exhibited phenotypic characteristics of CD11c(+) dendritic cells and macrophages. GFP(hi) cell conditioned media were chemotactic for fibroblasts obtained from fibrotic but not normal lung in vitro. Moreover, adoptive transfer of GFP(hi) cells exacerbated fibrosis in recipient mice, similar to that seen on adoptive transfer of BM-derived CD11c(+) cells from donor bleomycin-treated mice. Next, we evaluated the potential of LHPCs as the source of GFP(hi) cells. Isolation of LHPCs by flow sorting revealed enrichment in cKit(+)/Sca1(-)/Lin(-) cells, most of which were GFP(+) indicating their BM origin. The number of LHPCs increased rapidly after bleomycin treatment. Furthermore, stem cell factor induced LHPC proliferation, whereas granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor induced differentiation to GFP(hi) cells.BM-derived LHPCs with a novel phenotype could differentiate into GFP(hi) cells, which enhanced pulmonary fibrosis. Targeting this mobilized LHPCs might represent a novel therapeutic approach in chronic fibrotic lung diseases.
In critically ill adults, supplemental parenteral nutrition reduced nosocomial infections
Authors: Daniel S. Chertow, Naomi P. O’Grady
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Heidegger CP, Berger MM, Graf S, et al. Optimisation of energy provision with supplemental parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Lancet. 2012;381:385-93. 23218813
Antigen recognition by a T cell clone outside the context of the major histocompatibility complex. A role for Mls in antigen presentation.
Authors: S J Waters, S D Waksal, G P Norton, C A Bona
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

A T cell clone isolated from antigen-primed CB6/F1 mice was shown to proliferate to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in the presence of irradiated syngeneic F1 spleen cells, as well as spleen cells from either parental strain (BALB/c and C57BL/6). The genetic restriction involved in this antigen-specific proliferation was mapped using BXD (C57BL/6 X DBA/2) recombinant inbred strains of mice to the Mls gene on chromosome one. To exclude the role of Ia antigens as the restricting determinants, monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies were used to block the in vitro proliferative response of this clone. Although anti-Iab and anti-Iad blocked the proliferation of this clone to KLH in the presence of irradiated spleen cells from either parent, this effect was shown to be dependent on Ia molecules passively absorbed by the T cell clone from the irradiated filler cells. Since the T clone expressed Thy-1.2 and Lyt-1+ differentiation markers, its helper activity was compared with other KLH carrier-specific clones in an in vitro antibody synthesis assay. The Mls-KLH-restricted T cell clone, in contrast to other carrier-specific, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cell clones, was unable to cooperate with trinitrophenyl (TNP)-primed B cells in the presence of TNP-KLH to generate an anti-TNP response. These experiments suggest that non-MHC determinants, such as autologous Mls gene products, may play a role in genetically restricted antigen recognition by T lymphocytes.
Identification of the epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen by LH 7.2 monoclonal antibody: use in diagnosis*
Authors: F.M. TATNALL, P.C. WHITEHEAD, M.M. BLACK, F. WOJNAROWSKA, I.M. LEIGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Identification of the epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen by LH 7.2 monoclonal antibody: use in diagnosis Get access F.M. TATNALL, F.M. TATNALL Department of Experimental Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB, U.K. Dr F.M.Tatnall, Department of Experimental Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. WHITEHEAD, P.C. WHITEHEAD Department of Experimental Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. BLACK, M.M. BLACK * The Dowling Skin Unit, St Thomas’Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. WOJNAROWSKA, F. WOJNAROWSKA † Department of Dermatology, The Slade Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.M. LEIGH I.M. LEIGH Department of Experimental Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 4, 1 April 1989, Pages 533–539, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01327.x Published: 01 April 1989
Cutaneous responses to substance P and calcitonin gene‐related peptide in chronic urticaria: the effect of cetirizine and dimethindene
Authors: R Borici‐mazi, S Kouridakis, K Kontou‐fili
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: Neuropeptides appear to participate in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cutaneous responses to substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in delayed pressure urticaria patients (DPUpt) and chronic idiopathic urticaria patients (CIUpt) compared to healthy adults (HA), and also to evaluate the effect of H 1 ‐antagonists on these responses. Methods: Wheal (W) and flare (F) reactions to intradermally (ID) injected SP, CGRP, histamine (H), and diluent controls were evaluated in nine CIUpt, nine DPUpt, and nine HA at 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after injection. Maximal W and F, area under curve (AUC), and time of W and F disappearance were calculated at baseline and 4 h after a single dose of 20 mg cetirizine (Ce), 4 mg dimethindene (Di), or placebo (P), in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled (DBPC), crossover, randomized study. Results: CIUpt exhibited enhanced and longer lasting W reactions to SP and CGRP (AUC: P &lt;0.05) than HA; SP‐ and CGRP‐induced F (at maximal concentration) were larger and longer lasting in CIUpt than in HA ( P &lt;0.003 and P =0.004, respectively). In the DPU group, SP‐induced W and F responses were intermediate in magnitude compared to CIUpt and HA. In HA, SP‐induced flares were significantly suppressed only by Ce ( P &lt;0.020), while both Ce and Di affected SP‐induced W and F in the two patient groups ( P &lt;0.05). CGRP‐induced flare inhibition by the two H 1 ‐antagonists was also greater in the urticaria patient groups than in HA. Conclusions: CIUpt and, to a lesser extent, DPUpt showed enhanced SP‐ and CGRP‐induced W and F reactions. CGRP elicited an immediate W and F response, followed by prolonged erythema. H 1 ‐antagonists partially affected W and F reactions to SP and only the F response induced by CGRP; this effect was more pronounced in the urticaria patient groups than in HA. Overall, W and F cutaneous responses to SP were suppressed to a greater extent by Ce than Di.
GM1 Expression of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Determines Susceptibility to Rituximab Treatment
Authors: Christian Meyer zum Büschenfelde, Yvonne Feuerstacke, Katharina S. Götze, Katrin Scholze, Christian Peschel
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Immunotherapy with rituximab alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy has significantly improved the treatment outcome of B-cell lymphoma patients. Nevertheless, a subpopulation of patients does not respond to rituximab. The reason for treatment failure as well as the exact mechanism of action is still uncertain. The function of rituximab has long been associated with the partitioning of CD20 molecules to lipid microdomains. We now show that the extent of CD20 recruitment to lipid rafts correlates with response to rituximab. In addition, expression of the raft-associated sphingolipid GM1 on lymphoma cells is associated with the susceptibility of lymphoma cells to rituximab. Furthermore, we show substantially different GM1 expression in various primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Whereas chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells have a low GM1 expression, marginal zone lymphoma cells exhibit much higher levels. Differences were not only detected among various lymphoma subgroups but also within one lymphoma subtype. Interestingly, whereas CLL cells from patients with high GM1 expression responded to rituximab, patients with low GM1 expressing CLL cells did not. These data show the importance of membrane microdomains in the effect of rituximab and may offer a predictive factor for the responsiveness of lymphoma cells to rituximab. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5414–22]
Gene mutation patterns and their prognostic impact in a cohort of 1185 patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yang Shen, Yong-Mei Zhu, Xing Fan, Jing-Yi Shi, Qin-Rong Wang, Xiao-Jing Yan, Zhao-Hui Gu, Yan-Yan Wang, Bing Chen, Chun-Lei Jiang, Han Yan, Fei-Fei Chen, Hai-Min Chen, Zhu Chen, Jie Jin, Sai-Juan Chen
Journal: Blood (2011)
Relation of Seizures After Cardiac Surgery in Early Infancy to Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Authors: Leonard A. Rappaport, David Wypij, David C. Bellinger, Sandra L. Helmers, Gregory L. Holmes, Patrick D. Barnes, Gil Wernovsky, Karl C. K. Kuban, Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The outcome of infants who have transient seizures after open heart surgery has not been studied. Using the database of the Boston Circulatory Arrest Study involving 171 children with D-transposition of the great arteries, we explored the relationship between early postoperative clinical and EEG seizures and neurodevelopmental outcomes at ages 1 and 21/2 years. Methods and Results —At 1 year, children returned for developmental and neurological evaluations and MRI. Parent-completed developmental questionnaires were collected at 2 1/2 years of age. At 1 year, children with early postoperative seizures had lower Psychomotor Development Index (motor function) scores (clinical seizures: 12.9 mean difference [MD]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 23.6; P =.02; EEG seizures: 13.3 MD; 95% CI, 6.8 to 19.7; P &lt;.001). Mental Developmental Index scores of children with clinical or EEG seizures were also lower, but the differences were not statistically significant. Infants with seizures were more likely to have an abnormal neurological examination (clinical seizures: 78% versus 31%; P =.008; EEG seizures: 58% versus 34%; P =.04). Children with EEG seizures were more likely to have MRI abnormalities (43% versus 13%, P =.002). At age 21/2, children with EEG seizures had lower scores in several areas of function. Conclusions —In infants undergoing the arterial switch operation for correction of D-transposition of the great arteries, transient postoperative clinical and EEG seizures were associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes at ages 1 and 2 1/2 years as well as neurological and MRI abnormalities at 1 year of age. The occurrence of such seizures may provide an early sign of brain injury with neurological and developmental sequelae.
Naturally occurring dominant resistance mutations to hepatitis C virus protease and polymerase inhibitors in treatment-naïve patients
Authors: Thomas Kuntzen, Joerg Timm, Andrew Berical, Niall Lennon, Aaron M. Berlin, Sarah K. Young, Bongshin Lee, David Heckerman, Jonathan Carlson, Laura L. Reyor, Marianna Kleyman, Cory M. McMahon, Christopher Birch, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Timothy Ledlie, Michael Koehrsen, Chinnappa Kodira, Andrew D. Roberts, Georg M. Lauer, Hugo R. Rosen, Florian Bihl, Andreas Cerny, Ulrich Spengler, Zhimin Liu, Arthur Y. Kim, Yanming Xing, Arne Schneidewind, Margaret A. Madey, Jaquelyn F. Fleckenstein, Vicki M. Park, James E. Galagan, Chad Nusbaum, Bruce D. Walker, Gerond V. Lake-Bakaar, Eric S. Daar, Ira M. Jacobson, Edward D. Gomperts, Brian R. Edlin, Sharyne M. Donfield, Raymond T. Chung, Andrew H. Talal, Tony Marion, Bruce W. Birren, Matthew R. Henn, Todd M. Allen
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract Resistance mutations to hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) protease inhibitors in &lt;1% of the viral quasispecies may still allow &gt;1000-fold viral load reductions upon treatment, consistent with their reported reduced replicative fitness in vitro . Recently, however, an R155K protease mutation was reported as the dominant quasispecies in a treatment-naïve individual, raising concerns about possible full drug resistance. To investigate the prevalence of dominant resistance mutations against specifically targeted antiviral therapy for HCV (STAT-C) in the population, we analyzed HCV genome sequences from 507 treatment-naïve patients infected with HCV genotype 1 from the United States, Germany, and Switzerland. Phylogenetic sequence analysis and viral load data were used to identify the possible spread of replication-competent, drug-resistant viral strains in the population and to infer the consequences of these mutations upon viral replication in vivo . Mutations described to confer resistance to the protease inhibitors Telaprevir, BILN2061, ITMN-191, SCH6 and Boceprevir; the NS5B polymerase inhibitor AG-021541; and to the NS4A antagonist ACH-806 were observed mostly as sporadic, unrelated cases, at frequencies between 0.3% and 2.8% in the population, including two patients with possible multidrug resistance. Collectively, however, 8.6% of the patients infected with genotype 1a and 1.4% of those infected with genotype 1b carried at least one dominant resistance mutation. Viral loads were high in the majority of these patients, suggesting that drug-resistant viral strains might achieve replication levels comparable to nonresistant viruses in vivo . Conclusion: Naturally occurring dominant STAT-C resistance mutations are common in treatment-naïve patients infected with HCV genotype 1. Their influence on treatment outcome should further be characterized to evaluate possible benefits of drug resistance testing for individual tailoring of drug combinations when treatment options are limited due to previous nonresponse to peginterferon and ribavirin. (Hepatology 2008;48:1769–1778.)
The effect of cold-light-activated bleaching treatment on enamel surfaces in vitro
Authors: Xin-Chang Shi, He Ma, Jing-Lin Zhou, Wei Li
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

This in vitro study aims to evaluate the crystal and surface microstructure of dental enamel after cold-light bleaching treatment. Twelve sound human premolars were cross-split into four specimens, namely, mesio-buccal (Group LP), disto-buccal (Group P), mesio-lingual (Group NP) and disto-lingual (Group L) specimens. These four groups were treated using the standard cold-light bleaching procedure, a bleaching agent, a peroxide-free bleaching agent and cold-light, respectively. Before and after treatment, all specimens were analyzed by high-resolution, micro-area X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Using a spectrometer, tooth color of all specimens was measured before and after treatment. The phase of the enamel crystals was identified as hydroxyapatite and carbonated hydroxyapatite. After treatment, specimens in Groups LP and P showed significantly weaker X-ray diffraction peaks, significant reduction in crystal size and crystallinity, significant increase in L* but decrease in a* and b*, and obvious alterations in the surface morphology. However, specimens in Groups NP and L did not show any significant changes. The cold-light bleaching treatment leads to demineralization in the enamel surface. The acidic peroxide-containing bleaching agent was the major cause of demineralization, whereas cold-light did not exhibit significant increase or decrease effect on this demineralization. Bleaching teeth using hydrogen peroxide-based whitening agents damages the molecular structure of enamel, scientists in China report. Researchers have long debated the damage caused by tooth bleaching methods, including 'cold-light bleaching' — accelerating acidic hydrogen peroxide activity using blue light. Wei Li and co-workers at Sichuan University evaluated the effects of different bleaching procedures on enamel crystals in a bid to settle this debate. The researchers used X-ray diffraction — a technique used in materials science to examine crystals — to analyze the enamel non-invasively. They found that blue light alone did not affect the enamel, but whitening solutions of 35% hydrogen peroxide in the pH range of 5.2 to 5.8 caused it to demineralize. The enamel crystals decreased in size, the overall crystalline structure was less coherent, and the tooth surface also became rougher.