tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Navigating the Rise of High-Deductible Health Insurance
Authors: J. Frank Wharam, Amy J. Graves, Katy B. Kozhimannil
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) gene expression in rat peritoneal macrophages during foam cell formation. A key role for free cholesterol content.
Authors: A Hirai, T Kino, K Tokinaga, K Tahara, Y Tamura, S Yoshida
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) has been shown to be involved in intracellular transport and metabolism of cholesterol. However, there have been no reports concerning SCP2 in macrophages, the major source of atheromatous foam cells. We investigated whether SCP2 is present in rat peritoneal macrophages and determined the changes of SCP2 and its mRNA levels in macrophages during form cell formation induced by acetylated LDL (AcLDL). Immunoblot analysis and Northern blot analysis demonstrated that both SCP2 and its mRNA are expressed in rat peritoneal macrophages. Incubations with AcLDL caused a dose- and time-dependent increase of cellular esterified cholesterol, SCP2 and its mRNA in rat peritoneal macrophages. The inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase further enhanced AcLDL-induced increase of SCP2 protein and its mRNA. Incubations with 25-hydroxy cholesterol also caused a dose-dependent stimulation of SCP2 gene expression in macrophages, while incubation with maleylated BSA had no effect. These results suggest that the increment of cellular-free cholesterol is responsible for enhanced SCP2 gene expression in macrophages. The enhancement of SCP2 gene expression by AcLDL suggests that SCP2 may play an important role during foam cell formation induced by AcLDL which may be most important step for the atherosclerosis.
Reduced occurrence of early atopic dermatitis because of immunoactive prebiotics among low-atopy-risk infants
Authors: Christoph Grüber, Margriet van Stuijvenberg, Fabio Mosca, Guido Moro, Gaetano Chirico, Christian P. Braegger, Josef Riedler, Günther Boehm, Ulrich Wahn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Not This Side
Authors: Janet Peyton
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Periodically newspapers across the nation carry reports of patients who have mistakenly had surgery performed on the wrong side of their body (eg, eye, ear, arm, leg, breast, ovary, testis, lung, kidney). Besides the necessity for duplication of surgery on the proper side, which involves additional pain, operative risks, time, and costs for surgery, there may be uncorrectable harm (particularly with amputation) and lawsuits. We consider the following procedure to be a sensible, safe, low-cost, easily instituted, procedure that should help reduce this type of misadventure. The procedure is enacted in the following manner. After the preparatory shower and before the administration of the preoperative medication, while the patient is still fully conscious and able to participate in the process, either with a skin marking pen or with one to three marked, clean plastic tags (held with micropore tape) affix the words "not this side" to the
Sketches of American Physicians
Authors: T. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1842)

GENTLEMEN,-I was surprised not to find in your last week's notice of the provincial schools, the least allusion to the Hull and East Riding School of Medi- cine and Anatomy.*This was also the case in your October number for last year, while schools, in every point of view much inferior to the one at Hull, were favorably spoken of.I then intended to have fur- nished you with the following brief outline of its his- tory and constitution, which, doubtless, will be in- teresting information to many of the profession in this neighbourhood anid elsewhere, especially as the in- adequate support which the school has hitherto met -with, as well as the large debt which has been incurred in the erection of a neat, spacious, and commodious building, do not appear to warrant the enterprising proprietors in extensively advertising.The formation of a medical school in Hull was first suggested by the late eminent Dr. John Alderson-
Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis after chronic administration of alcohol and “low-dose” carbon tetrachloride vapor in the rat
Authors: Pauline de la M. Hall, John L. Plummer, Anthony H. Ilsley, Michael J. Cousins
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Rats were exposed to carbon tetrachloride vapor, 5 days/wk, 6 hr/day, for periods of 5 or 10 wk at a concentration that by itself caused only fatty change with minimal liver cell necrosis and no fibrosis. The same carbon tetrachloride exposure when given in association with chronic alcohol feeding resulted in extensive hepatic fibrosis at 5 wk and established micronodular cirrhosis at 10 wk. The periodicity of the exposure profile was chosen to simulate that of human exposure to environmental toxins, albeit at a higher dose than would be permitted in the workplace. The development of significant liver injury in this animal model raises the possibility that some chronic liver injury in humans may be due to alcohol potentiation of other hepatotoxins present in the environment at subtoxic levels. (Hepatology 1991;13:815-819).
Letters Regarding Article by Wojakowski et al, “Mobilization of CD34/CXCR4 + , CD34/CD117 + , c-met + Stem Cells, and Mononuclear Cells Expressing Early Cardiac, Muscle, and Endothelial Markers Into Peripheral Blood in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction”
Authors: Jochen Müller-Ehmsen, Franziska Grundmann, Robert H.G. Schwinger, Timo Schinköthe
Journal: Circulation (2005)
Mechanism of lipid mobilization by the small intestine after transport blockade.
Authors: J Halpern, P Tso, C M Mansbach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The nonionic detergent, Pluronic L-81 (L-81) has been shown to block the transport of intestinal mucosal triacylglycerol (TG) in chylomicrons. This results in large lipid masses within the enterocyte that are greater in diameter than chylomicrons. On removal of L-81, mucosal TG is rapidly mobilized and appears in the lymph. We questioned whether the blocked TG requires partial or complete hydrolysis before its transport. Rats were infused intraduodenally with [3H]glyceryl, [14C]oleoyl trioleate (TO) and 0.5 mg L-81/h for 8 h, followed by 120 mumol/h linoleate for 18 h. Mesenteric lymph was collected and analyzed for TG content and radioactivity. An HPLC method was developed to separate TG on the basis of its acyl group species. The assumed acyl group composition was confirmed by gas liquid chromatography analysis. TG lymphatic output was low for the first 8 h but increased to 52 mumol/h at the 11th h of infusion (3 h after stopping L-81). 38% of the infused TO was retained in the mucosa after the 8-h infusion. 95% of mucosal TG was TO, 92% of the radioactivity was in TG, and 2.4% of the 14C disintegrations per minute was in fatty acid. HPLC analysis of lymph at 6, 10, 12, and 14.5 h of infusion showed a progressive rise in TG composed of one linoleate and two oleates, to 39%; and in TG composed of two linoleates and one oleate to 20% at 14.5 h of infusion. On a mass basis, however, 80% of the TG acyl groups were oleate. 3H/14C ratios in the various TG acyl group species reflected the decrease in oleate. We conclude that first, unlike liver, most mucosal TG is not hydrolyzed before transport. The mechanism of how the large lipid masses present in mucosal cells after L-81 infusion are converted to the much smaller chylomicrons is unknown. Second, the concomitant infusion of linoleate did not impair lymph TG delivery after L-81 blockade.
HLA class II favors clearance of HCV infection and progression of the chronic liver damage
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Raffaela Gentile, Isabella Cascavilla, Maurizio Margaglione, Maria Rosaria Villani, Francesco Stella, Giovanni Modola, Valeria Agostiano, Carlo Gaudiano, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Abstract P1-07-01: Histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat reverses epithelial to mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells by reversing the repression of E-cadherin
Authors: GJ Sabnis, P Shah, A Kazi, Y Gau, S Chumsri, A Brodie
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Loss of ERa in breast cancer correlates with poor prognosis, increased recurrence rates and higher incidence of metastasis. In our previous studies, we have shown that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor entinostat (ENT) can upregulate ERα and aromatase in ER-negative cells and tumors, making them sensitive to aromatase inhibitors (AIs). In the current study, we are showing that ENT can also reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is considered to be a first step in the process of metastases formation. EMT is characterized by loss of intracellular adhesion (loss of E-cadherin); loss of epithelial markers such as cytokeratins and upregulation of mesenchymal markers such as vimentin; acquisition of fibroblast-like spindle morphology and increased motility. Various carcinomas undergo varying degrees of EMT and capacity to undergo EMT correlates inversely with levels of E-Cadherin. It is widely accepted that loss of E-cadherin is associated with more invasive phenotype. Epigenetic silencing of E-cadherin has been implicated in metastatic cell lines and invasive breast cancers. Triple negative breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T show a basal phenotype characterized by loss of E-cadherin expression and higher expression of mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin, vimentin along with transcriptional repressors such as twist and snail. In this study, we measured the effect of entinostat on the EMT. When MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells were treated with ENT, E-cadherin transcription was increased along with reduction in N-cadherin mRNA expression. Similar results were also seen in tumors of MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T xenografts treated with ENT (for 5 weeks and 2 weeks respectively). A dose dependent increase in E-cadherin was seen along with a dose dependent decrease in N-cadherin mRNA. Although, we did not observe any reduction in vimentin protein, phosphorylation of vimentin was increased and vimentin remodeling was changed as seen by immunofluorescence. We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to measure the activation of E-cadherin promoter. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells increased the activation of E-cadherin promoter as seen by increased acetyl histones at the promoter region of E-cadherin. Twist and snail are known repressors of E-cadherin gene and we saw that ENT treatment reduced the association of twist and snail with the E-cadherin promoter. ENT was also able to downregulate twist, which may be responsible for reduced twist association with the E-cadherin promoter. In summary, these findings suggest that HDAC inhibitor ENT can reverse EMT and may help reduce the formation of metastasis. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-07-01.
Disturbances of Pigmentation with Chloroquine
Authors: J. L. C. Dall, J. A. Keane
Journal: BMJ (1959)

MEDICBRmJORNAL 1387 but the data do not permit a frequency estimation (Stijns and Charles, 1956).At the moment it would appear legitimate to infer that, in addition to the haematological characteristics mentioned earlier, at least some of the tribes of south-eastern Liberia are also distinguished by a relatively high frequency of the thalassaemia gene or a gene behaving much like thalassaemia.In a number of haematological respects, then, they manifest a closer affinity to certain of the peoples of North Africa than to the tribes who now surround them, tribes some of whose ancestors apparently have migrated westwards from the vicinity of Nigeria in relatively recent times (Livingstone, 1957). SummaryThis report deals with evidence for the occurrence of thalassaemia in Liberia, and for a gene independent of thalassaemia associated with the production of high concentrations of foetal haemoglobin.This evidence is based on the cases of two children seen at the Firestone Hospital, in south-eastern Liberia, presenting the clinical and haematological features characteristic of thalassaemia major together with significant findings in several members of the family of one of them (Dukwe); and on a preliminary survey of thalassaemia minor in this part of Liberia indicating a minimum frequency of 11%.A new haematological entity is proposed in the case of the father and sister, representing a heterozygous state both for the thalassaemia (or high A,) gene and for the high F " haemoglobin " gene.The possibility that the disease of the propositus (Dukwe) is the result of a new subtype of thalassaemia major is also considered.
Surviving 30 years on the road as a team physician
Authors: Peter Brukner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

I realised the other day that it was 30 years since I did my first overseas tour as a team doctor (World University Games, Edmonton, Canada, 1983). Since then I have lost count of the number of trips that I have with a succession of Australian national sporting teams (swimming, athletics, field hockey, soccer and cricket). It has taken me to Olympic, Commonwealth and World University games, World Championships and World Cups.

It has always seemed pretty straight forward, you travel with the team, you just do your job as conscientiously and enthusiastically as you can, you contribute to the team in as many ways as possible, and you get a lot of satisfaction and enjoyment. You get to work with some amazing athletes and at times make a small contribution to their success.

And yet what seems a fairly simple task does not go well for many sports medicine professionals. I have heard many stories of doctors who have ‘failed’ on tour and their …
Cancer incidence and mortality continue to fall in US, report finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Overall cancer incidence and mortality in the United States continue to fall, but other illnesses that afflict many people with cancer, such as heart and lung disorders, add significantly to the burden of disease and will pose formidable challenges to the US healthcare system as the number of aging cancer survivors grows, a new report warns. 

The survey, the Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer , was prepared by the American Cancer Society, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute, and the North American Association for Central Cancer Registries and was published online in Cancer .1

The report found that the overall incidence of cancer fell by 0.4% a year from 2001 through 2010, the last year complete data were available. Most of this decrease, however, was due to a decrease in incidence in men, who saw a 0.6% annual decrease. In contrast, …
Delivery of Services to Lower Socioeconomic Groups by a Suburban Community Mental Health Center
Authors: WILLIAM T. HART, LOUISE BASSETT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

A sample of the patients seen at a center serving a suburban area with a diversified population was assessed to see if the characteristics of the patients and the kinds of treatment provided met expectations. Lower socioeconomic groups were (as expected) disproportionately represented. However, the duration of treatment did not vary with socioeconomic class as much as expected, although the type of treatment did. The authors believe that the pattern of care which is emerging to serve the lower socioeconomic groups is approaching the pattern which serves the rest of the population.
Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy: scientific toy or clinical tool?
Authors: R. Bisschops, J. Bergman
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma and associated death has risen significantly over the past decades in Western countries [1] [2]. This coincides with the pandemic of obesity and associated increase in the incidence of reflux disease [3]. In tertiary referral patients, Barrett’s esophagus can be found in 4.9 % of patients with atypical symptoms and in 4.5 % of patients with typical reflux symptoms [4].
Cutting Costs of Health Care for the Poor in California
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Two years after enacting sweeping changes in its Medi-Cal (Medicaid) program and authorizing private third-party payers to negotiate prepaid rates with hospitals and doctors, California's political leaders are pleased with the resulting savings (estimated at $470 million in fiscal year 1983–1984), but they remain committed to broader delivery reforms. Republican Governor George Deukmejian and the state's most powerful Democrat, Assembly Speaker Willie L. Brown, Jr., are promoting legislation to transform California's $4-billion Medi-Cal program into a capitated health plan. Such a thrust would reinforce the slate's current policy direction in favor of reliance on market principles, rather than government, as . . .
LADY HEALTH VISITORS OR WOMEN SANITARY INSPECTORS?
Authors: W. Warner
Journal: BMJ (1911)

<h3>Background</h3> 80% of the 60 million individuals experiencing preventable severe health-related suffering live in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) where there are limited resources, and few hospice and palliative care services to alleviate the suffering of patients. In many countries, especially with poorer public facing health services, and cost sharing, being cared for and dying at home is important. There is limited research on how models such as home-based services may support hospice and palliative care delivery in already burdened health care systems. <h3>Methods</h3> A sample of n=526 patients with terminal illnesses who received home-based hospice services from Hospice Egypt between 2010 to June 2020 were identified. The data set included patient demographics, health, social-financial, and home service variables. Data on costs incurred during service provision was collected in a sub sample of n = 287 patients receiving care between 2017 to 2020. Secondary data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Univariant regression were performed to explore the association between variables and the odds of dying at home. Cost analysis with a bottom-up approach and from the viewpoint of the service provider was performed. <h3>Results</h3> Among 526 patients with terminal illnesses receiving home-based hospice services, the majority died at home 427 (81.2%) compared to 98 (18.6%) who died at the hospital. The univariate logistic regression showed that more visits, and longer duration of services were statistically significant in increasing odds of dying at home OR 1.81 (95%CI 1.11 - 2.95) and OR 1.59 (95%CI 1.11 - 2.28) respectively. Overdue debts were a major contributor accounting for 30 percent of total average costs per patient. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Home-based services may support the preference of dying at home in Egypt. Further analysis, by matching the sample to control is needed to understand different factors associated with place of death and cost saving.
Modifiable lifestyle and social factors affect chronic kidney disease in high-risk individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Daniela Dunkler, Maria Kohl, Georg Heinze, Koon K. Teo, Annika Rosengren, Janice Pogue, Peggy Gao, Hertzel Gerstein, Salim Yusuf, Rainer Oberbauer, Johannes F.E. Mann, None for the ONTARGET Investigators
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Knitting up the Ravell'd Sleave
Authors: Joseph Garland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Sleep, or the lack of it, has become a preoccupying factor in the complicated history of mankind, especially in its more advanced stages of evolution. One might paraphrase Hamlet's well known soliloquy: to sleep or not to sleep, that is the question — for with countless persons of delicately adjusted emotional stability the dread of lying awake is truly obsessive and has resulted in an enormous buildup of insomnia remedies from the once popular bromides to a steadily increasing list of more sophisticated hypnotics.The British Medical Journal, alert to this particular problem, has published in its issue of May . . .
A typical pustular psoriasis in a West Indian female
Authors: K.C. Yee, C.Y. Tan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article A typical pustular psoriasis in a West Indian female Get access K.C. Yee, K.C. Yee The Skin Hospital, George Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 1 BR U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.Y. Tan C.Y. Tan The Skin Hospital, George Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 1 BR U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 4, 1 April 1992, Pages 417–418, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00697.x Published: 01 April 1992
THROMBOMODULIN IS A PARACRINE ANTI-APOPTOTIC FACTOR FOR VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL PROTECTION DURING STRESS
Authors: Yi-Heng Li, Hsing-Chun Chung, Ting-Hsing Chao, Guey-Yueh Shi, Hua-Lin Wu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: any progress?
Authors: Marco Colleoni, Aron Goldhirsch
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)

fi ndings.If a patient does well after surgery alone or with short-course radiotherapy and immediate surgery, we recommend discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of adjuvant chemotherapy.If the patient does not do well, the oncologist should not feel bad about not giving systemic therapy.If the patient had preoperative chemoradiotherapy, irrespective of response, we are as uncertain as other oncologists about what to recommend.