tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of Medical Examiner/Coroner Practices on Organ Recovery in the United States
Authors: Teresa Shafer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The object of this research is to determine the nature and extent of the loss of donor organs during a 3-year period that are otherwise medically suitable for organ transplantation owing to nonrelease by a local medical examiner or coroner.In a retrospective study of the effects of medical examiner/coroner donor release practices, a detailed survey was mailed to every organ procurement organization (OPO) in the United States. This survey collected specific data (eg, number of cases denied per year), as well as descriptive information.Of the 2670 organ donors reported by 39 OPO respondents in 1990, 62.1% were medical examiner cases, and 129 (7.2%) of these cases were denied recovery by the local medical examiner/coroner. The number of denials increased to 181 (9.6% of medical examiner cases) in 1991 and to 251 (11.4% of medical examiner cases) in 1992. It is estimated that the population of medical examiner/coroner denials from 1990 through 1992 may be as many as 884. Twenty percent of the OPO respondents reported that no cases were denied recovery by a local medical examiner/coroner. A comparative analysis reveals that the proportion of total reported potential medical examiner/coroner cases that were denied increased by 65% from 1990 to 1992, while medical examiner/coroner cases released declined slightly.Since an average of 3.37 organs were recovered per donor in 1992, it is possible that as many as 2979 people may have been denied transplants from 1990 through 1992 owing to medical examiners'/coroners' denials. There were no donor denials in 10 geographical areas of the United States, nor was there any instance of violation of case law or any documentation of flawed autopsies or collection of forensic evidence in donor cases released. These two factors suggest that the loss of human life from denials is not needed to protect the judicial process. Increased cooperation between medical examiner offices and OPOs could significantly increase the availability of transplantable organs.
Difference in the phenotypes of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes in patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, farmer's lung, ventilation pneumonitis, and bird fancier's lung: Report of a nationwide epidemiologic study in Japan
Authors: Masayuki Ando, Kazuki Konishi, Ryozo Yoneda, Masashi Tamura
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Neonatal screening for sickle haemoglobinopathies in Birmingham.
Authors: K D Griffiths, D N Raine, J R Mann
Journal: BMJ (1982)

During 1978-81 there were about 43,500 births in Birmingham, of which 10.3% were to Negroes and 22.6% to Asians. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of red cell haemolysates from capillary specimens collected for phenylketonuria screening was performed for these babies to assess the feasibility, cost, and benefits of detecting sickle haemoglobinopathies early. Eight babies had important haemoglobinopathies; four were homozygotes for haemoglobin S (HbS), three were mixed heterozygotes for HbS and haemoglobin C (HbC), and one had haemoglobin E (HbE) and beta-thalassemia. Also, 534 (1.19%) were heterozygotes for HbS or haemoglobin D (HbD) and 205 (0.46%) for HbC or HbE, 453 (1.01%) were heterozygotes with a fast-moving band, one was a heterozygote for haemoglobin Norfolk, and one a heterozygote for both HbS and haemoglobin G Philadelphia. The cost of neonatal screening for haemoglobinopathies was 12.5 p per baby (705 pounds for each serious abnormality).
Reviews and Notes: Doctors Talking with Patients/Patients Talking with Doctors: Improving Communication in Medical Visits
Authors: Lynn M. Cleary
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 November 1993Reviews and Notes: Doctors Talking with Patients/Patients Talking with Doctors: Improving Communication in Medical VisitsLynn M. Cleary, MDLynn M. Cleary, MDState University of New York Health Science Center at Syracuse, Syracuse, NY 13210Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-10-199311150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Doctors Talking with Patients/Patients Talking with Doctors: Improving Communication in Medical VisitsDebra L. Roter and Judith A. Hall. 224 pages. Westport, Connecticut: Auburn House; 1992. $45.00.As the scientific method is increasingly applied to the analysis of patient-doctor communication, one can begin to appreciate the science behind the art of medicine. Understanding the components of patient-doctor dialogue, and the factors affecting them, lays the groundwork for improving patient (and doctor) satisfaction and potentially patient care outcome. This is the premise Roter and Hall present in Doctors Talking with Patients/Patients Talking with Doctors, and they defend it with reasonable evidence.Written for doctors ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: State University of New York Health Science Center at Syracuse, Syracuse, NY 13210 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 10Page: 1056KeywordsHealth care qualityHuman sexual behaviorMedical educationPatientsResidencyUndergraduates Issue Published: 15 November 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A CASE OF EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME
Authors: J. FERGUSON SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1938)

Journal Article A CASE OF EHLERS‐DANLOS SYNDROME Get access J. FERGUSON SMITH J. FERGUSON SMITH Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 50, Issue 6, 1 June 1938, Pages 313–316, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1938.tb10567.x Published: 01 June 1938
Liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus—associated cirrhosis: A progress report
Authors: David H. Van Thiel, Harlan I. Wright, Stefano Fagiuoli
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Because of its importance as an indication for liver transplantation, the epidemiology of chronic hepatitis B disease is presented. Current knowledge relative to the pathobiological mechanisms of hepatitis B virus—related liver disease are presented, followed by a discussion of the treatment modalities currently available for use in hepatitis B virus—related liver disease. This is followed by an examination of their use in both potential transplant recipients and those who have been given liver transplants for hepatitis B virus disease. Finally, a summary of the current status of hepatitis B virus disease and liver transplantation is presented. (Hepatology 1994;20:20S-23S.)
Re: Anna Bill-Axelson, Hans Garmo, Lars Holmberg, et al. Long-term Distress After Radical Prostatectomy Versus Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer: A Longitudinal Study from the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-4 Randomized Clinical Trial. Eur Urol 2013;64:920–8.
Authors: Sanchia S. Goonewardene, Raj Persad, Veronica Nanton, Annie Young, Adel Makar
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Multidisciplinary Efforts Driving Translational Theranostics
Authors: Tony Y. Hu
Journal: Theranostics (2014)

This themed issue summarizes significant efforts aimed at using "biological language" to discern between "friends" and "foes" in the context of theranostics for true clinical application. It is expected that the success of theranostics depends on multidisciplinary efforts, combined to expedite our understanding of host responses to "customized" theranostic agents and formulating individualized therapies.
Supreme Court says law on assisted dying may change in the future
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The UK Supreme Court has called on the director of public prosecutions to clarify guidelines on the circumstances in which doctors would be likely to face criminal charges for helping a patient to die, in a landmark judgment on assisted dying.

Nine justices heard challenges to the law by two men who were almost totally paralysed and wanted medical help in ending their lives, and by the widow of a third man who starved himself to death after losing his case in the High Court.

Paul Lamb, who was paralysed from a car crash, and Jane Nicklinson—the widow of Tony Nicklinson, who had locked-in syndrome after a catastrophic stroke—sought declarations that UK law’s ban on assisting a suicide breached their right to respect for their private life under article …
Timolol-lnduced Bronchospasm in Asthmatic Bronchitis
Authors: Robert B. Schoene
Journal: JAMA (1981)

TIMOLOL maleate is a β-adrenergic receptor blocking agent that recently has been introduced for the treatment of glaucoma. It has gained popularity because of its effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure without changing pupillary size or causing diminution of vision, which are noted side effects of other glaucoma medications<sup>1,2</sup>; however, timolol can be absorbed from the conjunctiva into the systemic circulation and can cause systemic side effects because of β-blockade. In the Pulmonary Clinic at the Seattle Veterans Administration Medical Center, we encountered a patient with asymptomatic bronchial asthma in whom a severe asthmatic attack was precipitated by the initiation of timolol therapy.<sup>3</sup>Subsequently, we saw several patients with chronic bronchitis with an asthmatic component whose pulmonary symptoms worsened concurrently with timolol therapy. To investigate the effect of therapeutic doses of timolol ophthalmic solution on airflow in patients with reversible airflow obstruction, we studied changes in air-flow after administration
Steam Baths-Reply
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I am afraid that Dr Portnoi did not read the original question or answer very carefully. The query was whether there was a physiological or chemical basis for the sense of relaxation that follows exposure to a steam bath. The answer by me stated that at present there is no physiological evidence available to explain such a psychological response. Although I have no quarrel with Portnoi's support for the psychological advantages of steam baths over those of a number of alternate options, I must again emphasize that in the case of elderly persons, the modality must be prescribed with great caution, if at all, a view with which Dr Portnoi appears to agree.
Effects of L-Norepinephrine upon the Coronary Circulation in Man.
Authors: P. M. Yurchak
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Effects of L-Norepinephrine upon the Coronary Circulation in Man.P. M. Yurchak, M.D., Richard Gorlin, M.D., F.A.C.P., Ellis L. Rolett, M.D.P. M. Yurchak, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Richard Gorlin, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Ellis L. Rolett, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-710_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn spite of its extensive use in the treatment of clinical hypotensive states, the effect of norepinephrine on the coronary circulation of human subjects has received scant attention. Twenty-one patients were studied in conjunction with diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Systemic pressures and cardiac output were measured by standard techniques. Coronary blood flow was measured by previously described methods employing I131iodoantipyrine or krypton85. In a steady intravenous infusion (2 to 17 µg/min), norepinephrine caused a pari passu rise in coronary perfusing pressure and coronary blood flow of 21% above the control level. Coronary vascular resistance was unchanged; no evidence for a... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 710-711KeywordsBlood flowCardiac outputCatheterizationNorepinephrine Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Clinical monitoring of intracranial pressure in fulminant hepatic failure.
Authors: M A Hanid, M Davies, P J Mellon, D B Silk, L Strunin, J J McCabe, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1980)

Cerebral oedema is the commonest immediate cause of death in fulminant hepatic failure and an investigation was carried out to determine the value of monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) and to examine the effects of ICP of dexamethasone therapy and mannitol administration. ICP values in 10 patients at the time of insertion of a subdural pressure transducer (grade IV encephalopathy) averaged 15.5 +/- SD 14.8 mmHg. Despite dexamethansone therapy, which had been started on admission, rises in ICP were subsequently observed in seven of the eight patients who died. In the two patients who survived, the highest reading were 47 and 35 mmHg. Mannitol consistently reversed or arrested ICP rises when pressure was &lt; 60 mmHg. ICP monitoring provides additional information in the managment of patients and is essential if mannitol therapy is to be used.
TCTAP A-008 Comparison of Sirolimus-, Everolimus-, Biodegradable Polymer Stent, and Endothelial Progenitor Cell Capture Stent in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Seung-Jung Park, Hyun Woo Park, Se Hun Kang, Min Su Kim, Hee-soon Park, Byeong Joo Bae, Sang Soo Cheon, Jae Hyung Roh, Pil Hyung Lee, Mineok Chang, Sung Han Yoon, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Tracking the metabolic pulse of plant lipid production with isotopic labeling and flux analyses: Past, present and future
Authors: Doug K. Allen, Philip D. Bates, Henrik Tjellström
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2015)

Metabolism is comprised of networks of chemical transformations, organized into integrated biochemical pathways that are the basis of cellular operation, and function to sustain life. Metabolism, and thus life, is not static. The rate of metabolites transitioning through biochemical pathways (i.e., flux) determines cellular phenotypes, and is constantly changing in response to genetic or environmental perturbations. Each change evokes a response in metabolic pathway flow, and the quantification of fluxes under varied conditions helps to elucidate major and minor routes, and regulatory aspects of metabolism. To measure fluxes requires experimental methods that assess the movements and transformations of metabolites without creating artifacts. Isotopic labeling fills this role and is a long-standing experimental approach to identify pathways and quantify their metabolic relevance in different tissues or under different conditions. The application of labeling techniques to plant science is however far from reaching it potential. In light of advances in genetics and molecular biology that provide a means to alter metabolism, and given recent improvements in instrumentation, computational tools and available isotopes, the use of isotopic labeling to probe metabolism is becoming more and more powerful. We review the principal analytical methods for isotopic labeling with a focus on seminal studies of pathways and fluxes in lipid metabolism and carbon partitioning through central metabolism. Central carbon metabolic steps are directly linked to lipid production by serving to generate the precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid assembly. Additionally some of the ideas for labeling techniques that may be most applicable for lipid metabolism in the future were originally developed to investigate other aspects of central metabolism. We conclude by describing recent advances that will play an important future role in quantifying flux and metabolic operation in plant tissues.
Professionalizing Modern Medicine: Paris Surgeons and Medical Science and Institutions in the 18th Century
Authors: Russell M. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1981)

During the first half of the 19th century, Paris was considered the preeminent center of medical science and education on both sides of the Atlantic. Between 1825 and 1848, for example, at least 368 American physicians, by my count, studied in the French capital. How Parisian medicine achieved this reputation, and, specifically, how and why Parisian surgery, its personnel, concepts, teaching, and institutions, transformed French medicine are the subjects of this well-documented, lucid, persuasively argued study. As Gelfand shows, the reforms in medical education and licensing proposed in the last years of the<i>ancien régime</i>and realized under successive revolutionary governments were closely modeled after education and licensing in the surgical profession. Medicine and surgery were united in the three new<i>écoles de santé</i>established by the state. All students pursued the same rigorous curriculum, which included both basic sciences and clinical teaching in the hospitals. Professors were recruited by
Drug users receive worse care in prison than in the community.
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A new report prepared for the Lisbon based European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction estimates that between 180 000 and 600 000 drug users pass through prisons in the European Union every year.

The study is the first of its kind to try to establish a clear picture of the scale of illicit drug use among the 350 000 people in prisons in Europe on any one day and to examine prevention and treatment practices being used in the 15 member states.

Despite whether official or unofficial sources …
Therapy for Mitral Stenosis Comes Full Circle
Authors: Blase A. Carabello, Fred A. Crawford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Mitral stenosis is a progressive disease that is usually fatal unless mechanical intervention enlarges the mitral-valve orifice enough to permit adequate cardiac output at a tolerable left atrial pressure. Although some medical therapies, including the use of diuretic and beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs (and digoxin, if the patient has atrial fibrillation), offer symptomatic relief, they do not seem to enhance survival. The article by Reyes and colleagues in this issue of the Journal1 suggests that the appropriate method of producing mechanical relief of mitral stenosis has come full circle -- from closed surgical commissurotomy to open surgical commissurotomy to closed balloon commissurotomy. . . .
Postprandial plasma concentrations of glycine and taurine conjugated bile acids in healthy subjects.
Authors: K Linnet
Journal: Gut (1983)

Fasting and postprandial plasma concentrations of glycine and taurine conjugates of cholic, chenodeoxycholic, and deoxycholic acid were measured by a high pressure liquid chromatography-enzymatic assay in nine healthy subjects. The mean value of each bile acid concentration increased significantly (2.4-4.7 times) in the postprandial period. The total glycine taurine ratio of 2.5 in the fasting state increased significantly to a maximum value of 3.3 at one to 1 1/2 hours postprandially and then declined. This shift in glycine taurine ratio shows, that the relative increase in concentrations of glycine conjugates exceeds the relative increase in concentrations of taurine conjugates in the early postprandial period, and supports the view that there is significant absorption of glycine conjugated bile acids from the proximal small intestine.
642. Gene Therapy of Diabetic Neuropathy Using HSV-Mediated Transfer of Erythropoietin to Dorsal Root Ganglion In Vivo
Authors: Munmun Chattopadhyay, Darren P. Wolfe, David M. Krisky, Claire P. Walter, Joseph C. Glorioso, Marina Mata, David J. Fink
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating condition for which there is no effective treatment. We have previously demonstrated that gene transfer of neurotrophic factors to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by subcutaneous inoculation of replication defective HSV-based vectors can prevent the progression of neuropathy in rodent models. Erythropoietin (EPO), originally identified as a peptide hematopoietic factor, is also expressed in the nervous system and has been shown to have potent neuroprotective effects. In this study investigated whether HSV-mediated transfer of the EPO gene to DRG could be used to prevent neuropathy in diabetic mice.

Vector DHEPO was constructed by insertion of an HCMV: EPO cassette into the UL41 locus of a nonreplicating HSV vector defective in ICP4, ICP27, and UL41. Expression of EPO was demonstrated after transfection of DRG neurons in culture, and in DRG in vivo after subcutaneous inoculation of the vector in the skin (DHEPO: 102.8 |[plusmn]| 4.4 mIU/ml; control: 81.6 |[plusmn]| 7.2 mIU/ml, P < 0.05).

Diabetes was induced in mice by injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg i.p.). Two weeks after the onset of diabetes, mice were inoculated with the vector DHEPO (2|[times]|107pfu) or the lacZ expressing control vector DHZ.5, and neuropathy assessed 4 weeks later. Animals inoculated with DHEPO showed preservation of sensory nerve amplitude ( control: 25.0 |[plusmn]| 1.8 |[mu]|V; diabetic: 12.5 |[plusmn]| 1.3 |[mu]|V; diabetic DHEPO: 21.9 |[plusmn]| 1.7 |[mu]|V; P < 0.001 compared to diabetic), preservation of thermal nociception (control latency: 28.6 |[plusmn]| 0.6 sec; diabetic: 41.2 |[plusmn]| 0.3 sec, diabetic DHEPO: 34.8 |[plusmn]| 1.3 sec; P < 0.005 compared to diabetic), and autonomic function measured by the number of sweat droplets after subcutaneous injection of pilocarpine (control 82.6 |[plusmn]| 4.6 drops; diabetic: 20.3 |[plusmn]| 1.2 drops; diabetic DHEPO: 55.3 |[plusmn]| 5.4 drops; P < 0.005 compared to diabetic). In all the measures diabetic DHZ-inoculated animals were indistinguishable from diabetic animals without vector. These data demonstrate that HSV-mediated transfer of EPO to DRG protects peripheral nerve from the degeneration characteristic of diabetic neuropathy.
Mortality from Renal Diseases Among Former College Athletes
Authors: ANTHONY P. POLEDNAK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

In a cohort study of 8393 men attending Harvard College between 1880 and about 1912, data on mortality from renal diseases were obtained from death certificates. Mortality from all renal diseases and from nephritis alone was compared by birth decade (1860-1869, 1870-1879, and 1880-1889) and athletic status in college (major athlete, minor athlete, or nonathlete). Differences in percentages of deaths attributed to renal diseases (underlying or contributory cause) among the three athletic groups were small and statistically insignificant. Among men with renal disease listed as the underlying cause of death, the mean age at death was significantly higher for athletes than for nonathletes. These findings do not support the belief that strenuous exercise (as in college athletics) has long-term adverse effects on the kidney.