tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous mucinosis associated with dermatomyositis and nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy: fibroblast hyaluronan synthesis and the effect of patient serum
Authors: M. Edward, L. Fitzgerald, C. Thind, J. Leman, A.D. Burden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Dermal mucin is an amorphous gelatinous substance composed primarily of hyaluronan (HA) and sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In primary cutaneous mucinosis, accumulation of mucin is a characteristic feature of lichen myxoedematosus, scleromyxoedema and reticular erythematous mucinosis. Secondary mucinoses are disorders where mucin deposition is an additional finding, and deposition is associated with lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma and granuloma annulare. The underlying cause of the abnormal mucin deposition is unknown. An increasing number of cases of a fibromucinous scleromyxoedema-like disorder associated with renal dysfunction, recently termed nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NFD), is being reported.To examine the synthesis of sulphated GAGs and HA by fibroblasts derived from uninvolved and involved skin of a patient with dermatomyositis and two patients with NFD, and the effect of patient serum.GAGs were quantified by a radiometric assay and HA was determined by an enzyme-linked HA-binding protein assay.We found that fibroblasts derived from active lesions of NFD synthesize elevated levels of GAGs, and in particular HA, compared with normal controls, while serum from the patient with dermatomyositis and the two patients with NFD stimulates GAG synthesis, including HA synthesis, by both control and patient fibroblasts.Fibroblasts from patients with active NFD are either activated to synthesize elevated levels of HA or contain another cell type, possibly derived from circulating fibrocytes. In both disorders, there is additionally a serum-derived factor that stimulates production of sulphated GAGs and HA by fibroblasts.
Clinical Relevance of the Small Colorectal Polyp
Authors: J. H. Bond
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Adenomatous colorectal polyps (adenomas) are not like sunflowers. If you plant sunflower seeds, small sunflowers of equal size and shape soon emerge. Then, in a very predictable linear way, all small ones grow to medium-sized and then fully grown flowers. Colorectal adenomatous polyps, however, behave quite differently. Large numbers of small simple tubular adenomas develop in large numbers of people - according to autopsy studies, over 30 % of the population over age 50 have these lesions [1]. However, unlike sunflowers, only a small fraction of these polyps grow to become large adenomas with advanced pathologic (premalignant) features. While it is obvious that all large adenomas at one time were small, the great majority of small adenomas, nevertheless, never grow, advance, and turn cancerous.
Short-circuiting long-lived humoral immunity by the heightened engagement of CD40
Authors: Loren D. Erickson, Brigit G. Durell, Laura A. Vogel, Brian P. O’Connor, Marilia Cascalho, Teruhito Yasui, Hitoshi Kikutani, Randolph J. Noelle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Agonistic αCD40 Ab's have been shown to be potent immune adjuvants for both cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. While enhancing short-lived humoral immunity, the administration of a CD40 agonist during thymus-dependent immune responses ablates germinal center formation, prematurely terminates the humoral immune response, blocks the generation of B cell memory, and prevents the generation of long-lived bone marrow plasma cells. Interestingly, some of these effects of heightened CD40 engagement could be mimicked by enhancing the magnitude of antigen-specific T cell help. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that as the magnitude of CD40 signaling intensifies, the fate of antigen-reactive B cells can be dramatically altered. These are the first studies to describe the multifaceted function of CD40 in determining the fate of antigen-reactive B cells and provide novel insights into how CD40 agonists can short-circuit humoral immunity.
Bacterial Shock-Reply
Authors: Max Harry Weil
Journal: JAMA (1976)

It is our practice to take three blood cultures in sequence from a single site and in direct succession. Volumes of 10 ml are aseptically delivered to three bottles. Our experience with respect to studies involving more than 1,000 patients in our critical care ward confirms the observation of other workers to the effect that bacteremia is usually continuous and that the timing of sample collection is therefore not critical.<sup>1</sup> Although the ideal volume of blood to be obtained is not known, the statistical likelihood of recovery is increased in relationship to the total volume of blood cultured. Thus, three sequential cultures increase the statistical likelihood of recovery, in instances in which the concentration of bacteria is borderline. Perhaps the greatest advantage of the methods employed by us has been the identification of contaminated samples. Since cultures of blood in our critical care center are routinely obtained
Sir Gordon Ethelbert Ward Wolstenholme
Authors: Sarah Plumley
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Microbiologist and barrister who set standards for infection controlRoz Hurley was a remarkable combination of medical microbiologist and barrister, qualifying in parallel in the late 1950s, and also achieving a diploma in literature at London University with prizes.As a lecturer at Charing Cross Hospital she received her MD for research on perinatal candida infection
Typhoon hits the Philippines, killing more than 280 people
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2009)

More than four million people have been affected by two major typhoons that have hit the Philippines in quick succession over the past two weeks.

Typhoon Ketsana tore through the capital, Manila, and surrounding areas on 26 September, followed by Typhoon Parma a week later, which clipped the northernmost part of Luzon island. The first had claimed 288 lives by 4 October, while 16 people died as a result of the second typhoon, the Philippine government’s National Disaster Coordinating Council …
Great Britain (Jane Somerville, MD, FRCP, FACC), Canada (Gary D. Webb, MD, FACC) and the United States (David J. Skorton, MD, FACC and Larry T. Mahoney, MD, FACC), (Carole A. Warnes, MD) and (Joseph K. Perloff, MD, FACC)
Authors: Joseph K. Perloff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Let Each New Patient Be a Complete Experience
Authors: Walter Modell
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A GREAT DEAL has recently been written on the moral obligations to subjects in clinical investigations. Considered statements by investigators, practitioners, sociologists, theologists, and lawyers have appeared inThe Journalas well as in other journals in the United States and elsewhere. While all are agreed that clinical investigation is essential, the reiterated emphasis on the ethical issues involved in experimentation in man seems somehow directed against the clinical investigator. One could not quarrel with this were there not implicit in it a suggestion that the scientific clinical investigator is cold-blooded and has the requirements of his discipline rather than the good of the patient at heart.  If such a situation actually exists, then somewhere along the line the basic precepts of medicine have been lost, for medicine cannot tolerate such a conflict. Clinical experimentation should not be anti-patient but pro-patient, not anti- but probedside care, not anti-clinical acumen but
NEUROLOGIC PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE THE SECTION ON NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASES OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, AT THE FIFTY-FOURTH ANNUAL SESSION, HELD AT NEW ORLEANS, MAY 5-8, 1903.
Authors: F. W. LANGDON
Journal: JAMA (1903)

<h3>INTRODUCTORY.</h3> Mankind in general and practitioners of the healing art in particular may be likened to the different groups of dwellers in a series of narrow and deep valleys surrounded by lofty mountains. Each ordinarily obtains a restricted of view of his own valley and sees little or nothing of the others. When by chance or intent they meet on an eminence, which is far above all their natural habitats, their view is not only broader and more accurate as concerns their own individual valleys, but extends in varying degrees over the domains of others. So it is with the members of our guild, when they rise to a higher intellectual plane at meetings such as this; their respective views broaden and tend to harmonize with those of their fellows, while at the same time the aggregate of their fields of mental vision is vastly augmented. The general practitioner surveys the domain
Abstract 4223: Combining the CEE-selector assay with sequencing for sensitive mutation detection in cancer.
Authors: Vassilios Alexiadis, Tim Watanaskul, Lyle Arnold
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We previously described the utility of the CEE-Selector assay for the sensitive detection of the EGFR T790M mutation in plasma samples from lung cancer patients. The assay combined the CEE-Selector assay with melt curve analysis of the mutant PCR product, followed by Sanger sequencing to verify the presence of the mutation. We showed that the assay selectively amplified the mutant sequence compared to wild type by &amp;gt;100,000 fold. We have now expanded the CEE-Selector assay to include additional mutations relevant to patient care (KRAS, BRAF V600E, EGFR L858R). We are presenting data of allele/mutation-specific as well as “footprint” versions of the CEE-Selector assay. The “footprint” version of the assay provides for the interrogation of “hot spot” regions of the genome where multiple cancer relevant mutations are located within a small region, as in the case of KRAS codons 12 and 13 where the CEE-Selector assay is sensitive to all known mutations. Combining the “footprint” version of the CEE-Selector assay with next-generation sequencing, allows us to simultaneously detect, with extremely high sensitivity, a broad array of mutations of interest. Additionally, when used with barcoding, samples from multiple patients can be interrogated simultaneously. The combination of the CEE-Selector assay with next-generation sequencing increases the sensitivity of sequencing by a factor of &amp;gt;1000 and allows for simultaneous sensitive detection of multiple mutations from complex samples, like plasma, where the mutations may be very rare. With the increases in sensitivity made possible using the CEE-Selector assay, the limiting factor for the sensitive detection of mutations/alleles is determined fundamentally by the ability to obtain at least a single copy of the mutant allele within the sample under interrogation. Citation Format: Vassilios Alexiadis, Tim Watanaskul, Lyle Arnold. Combining the CEE-selector assay with sequencing for sensitive mutation detection in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4223. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4223
Ethical Implications of a New Application of Preimplantation Diagnosis
Authors: Marian D. Damewood
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II trial of CHOP chemotherapy followed by yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) for previously untreated elderly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients
Authors: P.L. Zinzani, M. Tani, S. Fanti, V. Stefoni, G. Musuraca, P. Castellucci, E. Marchi, M. Farsad, M. Fina, C. Pellegrini, L. Alinari, E. Derenzini, A. de Vivo, F. Bacci, S. Pileri, M. Baccarani
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
Information Accumulating on How Brain 'Hears'
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

NEW INFORMATION about the way the brain "hears," that is, how it processes the signals it receives from the inner ear, is accumulating from research at the Center for Hearing Sciences. Learning how the auditory nerves process the information they receive from the external auditory system has important implications for understanding brain function as well as hearing. "When you talk about hearing, you're really talking about the brain, and expanding our knowledge of this process has broad implications for treating sensory disorders," says Murray B. Sachs, PhD, the center's director. Humans' ability to hear allows them to detect the slightest sound in a hushed forest yet also to converse in a noisy subway. "We can process sounds over a range of intensities of about 100 million million (trillion) to 1, yet virtually over this entire range, speech is perfectly intelligible. We can detect frequency changes as small as 0.01%. Indeed,
106 International, multicenter, randomized, controlled study for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C and persistently normal ALT levels with peginterferon alfa-2A (40KD) (PEGASYS®) and ribavirin (copegus®)
Authors: S ZEUZEM, M DIAGO, E GANE, R REDDY, P POCKROS, P FARCI, N LARDELLI, M SHIFFMAN
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Continuous Dexamethasone Infusion for Seven Hours in Patients with the Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Pieter Biemond
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Study Objective: To determine the usefulness of the continuous intravenous dexamethasone suppression test in the differential diagnosis of patients with the Cushing syndrome. Design: Comparison of the results of this test with those of other tests in the study population and with data from the literature. Setting: Referral-based endocrine division in a university hospital. Patients: One hundred and twenty-one patients with the Cushing syndrome were evaluated: corticotropin (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors, 90 cases; adrenal adenoma, 13; adrenal carcinoma, 9; ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors, 6; corticotropin-releasing-hormone (CRH)-secreting tumors, 2; and autonomous bilateral micronodular adrenal hyperplasia, 1. The continuous intravenous dexamethasone suppression test was done in 101 patients. Measurements and Main Results: Dexamethasone (1 mg/h) was administered intravenously for 7 hours. A cortisol decrease of at least 190 nmol/L was defined as a positive response. In identification of patients with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas, this test had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 95% to 100%), a specificity of 90% (CI, 70% to 99%), and a diagnostic accuracy of 98% (CI, 93% to 100%). Only two patients had false test results. They both had CRH-secreting tumors. Cortisol secretion was also shown to be sensitive for feedback control in other tests, however. Conclusion: The continuous intravenous dexamethasone suppression test has better diagnostic accuracy than other tests that are currently used in the differential diagnosis of the Cushing syndrome, and this test is very convenient. The only false test results were found in patients with CRH-secreting tumors.
The Science and Practice of Pediatric Cardiology
Authors: Baruch Ticho
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The title of this text attests to the editors' intent that these three volumes serve as a resource for researchers and clinicians. The book accomplishes the goal of covering in depth the scientific foundations of our knowledge of cardiology and combining this information with a thorough review of the current clinical practice of pediatric cardiology. The text is divided into 10 units. The first is entitled "Basic Science Topics Pertinent to the Cardiovascular System Throughout Development." This section is certainly one of the strongest assets of the book. The first chapter on the molecular genetics of the cardiovascular system deals with one of the most rapidly developing areas in cardiology and one that many cardiologists find a challenge to keep up with. The authors provide an excellent review of molecular genetics and of the latest techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction. The section on molecular cardiology summarizes the most
See one, do one, teach one?
Authors: J. W. Hayden
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Dr Stitham's comments with respect to educational malpractice 1 display an uncommon insight into a firmly entrenched pedagogical orientation that pervades medical education from top to bottom and, in turn, from bottom to top.  Physicians charged with student and resident education in the community setting all too frequently adopt the university model as the gold standard, ie, see one, do one, and thereby you are competent to teach one. Should the student or resident fail to learn from your teaching, then obviously, he or she is at fault.  Teacher accountability for student failure is as unsettling among medical educators as it is among all other teachers. Unfortunately, in undergraduate and graduate medical educa
Too Many Deaths From Diarrhea
Authors: John Snyder
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The report by Ho and colleagues<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalprovides disturbing data on the mortality associated with diarrhea in the United States and raises two important issues for consideration. The magnitude of the deaths reported, an average of approximately 500 children (400 of whom are infants) each year, is troubling because effective therapy is widely available to treat acute diarrhea. As the authors reasonably ask, are these preventable deaths? An even more disturbing issue is the greatly increased rate of diarrheal deaths among black children. In considering the magnitude of the deaths and possible interventions, information about the duration of diarrhea, the nature, amount, and duration of therapy used, and the access to and utilization of health facilities is required. Because this study was a retrospective review of mortality surveillance data, only partial information on these factors is available. At least two thirds of the deaths
Cobalt-Induced Myxedema
Authors: John S. Robey, Paul M. Veazey, John D. Crawford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

COBALT is a component of the vitamin B12 molecule and as such is essential to erythropoiesis. Thus far no clinical evidence of cobalt deficiency has been demonstrated in man. However, when cobalt is administered to man and animals in amounts far greater than the estimated daily requirement an absolute polycythemia, with hyperplasia of the bone marrow and reticulocytosis, results.1 , 2 More recently cobalt has been reported to elicit favorable responses when vitamin B12 fails in anemias of diverse etiologics: those associated with chronic infection,3 , 4 chronic renal disease,5 prematurity,6 pregnancy7 and sickle-cell disease.8 In the past three years a proprietary preparation . . .
Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Gauranga C. Dhar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters3 March 2015Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis InfectionGauranga C. Dhar, MDGauranga C. Dhar, MDFrom Bangladesh Institute of Family Medicine and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5058-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Stagg and colleagues' (1) review with great interest. As far as I know, production of isolated isoniazid has been discontinued. However, the high prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in many countries has necessitated the return of this preparation to the market because it is the only regimen for the management of this condition that is highly efficacious as well as cost-effective.Reference1. Stagg HR, Zenner D, Harris RJ, Muñoz L, Lipman MC, Abubakar I. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: a network meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:419-28. [PMID: 25111745]. doi:10.7326/M14-1019 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gauranga C. Dhar, MDAffiliations: From Bangladesh Institute of Family Medicine and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOf InterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0555. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Helen R. Stagg , Dominik Zenner , Ross J. Harris , Laura Muñoz , Marc C. Lipman , and Ibrahim Abubakar Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Helen R. Stagg , Dominik Zenner , Ross J. Harris , Laura Muñoz , Marc C. Lipman , and Ibrahim Abubakar Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Reuben Arasaratnam Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Dominik Zenner , Helen R. Stagg , Ross J. Harris , and Ibrahim Abubakar Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Reuben Arasaratnam Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Dominik Zenner , Helen R. Stagg , Ross J. Harris , and Ibrahim Abubakar Metrics Cited byLatent Tuberculosis: A Promising New Compound to Treat Non-Replicating and Intramacrophagic MycobacteriaDiagnosis for Latent Tuberculosis Infection: New Alternatives 3 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 5Page: 394KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureIsoniazidTuberculosis ePublished: 3 March 2015 Issue Published: 3 March 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...