tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P4-09-21: A Novel Prognostic Marker for Triple-Negative Breast Cancers.
Authors: UM Wallon, JL Sabol, V Zemba-Palko, NZ Carp, RM Ciocca, BS Wojciechowski, GC Prendergast
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) represent a highly aggressive form of this disease with few treatment options available. Currently, even the smallest node negative cancers are considered by many to warrant treatment with chemotherapy (CTX). While many recur early (within 2–3 years), there is a subset of long-term survivors illustrating the heterogeneity within this group. Here we report our ongoing effort to establish tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 (TIMP-4) as a prognostic marker in all early breast cancers a. While the canonical function of TIMPs is to inhibit tissue degradation, numerous reports have established that TIMPs exert tumor promoting activity. In our prospective study, we evaluated TIMP-4 as prognostic marker for TNBC and its role in disease progression. METHODS: Specimens from our retrospective and prospective cohorts were assessed by immunohistochemical staining using standard techniques and a monoclonal antibody for TIMP-4b in accordance with the IRB approved protocol. Staining intensity was documented on a scale of 0–3. No data was released to the treating physicians at the time of collection. Outcome data from a total of 240 pts was obtained through tumor registry and clinician practices. Staining intensity was then correlated with outcome to calculate sensitivity and specificity of the marker. To determine the role of TIMP-4 in TNBC cell behavior we have performed microarray analyses. The effects of TIMP-4-induced signaling were tested using invasion and clonogenic survival assays under normal growth conditions and after exposure to gamma radiation. RESULTS: Elevated TIMP-4 expression identified a high risk of relapse and short survival time with 75% sensitivity and 80% specificity. No discernable differences were noted between retrospective and prospective cohorts. Array analyses revealed activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in the presence of TIMP-4. Furthermore, elevated TIMP-4 increased the invasive behavior of breast cancer cells in Matrigel™-coated invasion chambers and reduced sensitivity to gamma irradiation. These effects were reversible by addition of either a PI3K inhibitor or an anti-TIMP-4 antibody, suggesting their use as potential therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these clinical data we suggest that TIMP-4 may offer a simple prognostic marker for TNBC patients at highest risk. The presence of TIMP-4 identifies a patient population likely to recur quickly despite standard CTX treatment. Our research suggests that targeted therapy of the PI3K/AKT pathway and/or a biological therapeutic approach directed against TIMP-4 may be of benefit in this subset of pts and should be explored. Therefore, TIMP-4 testing of TNBC patients could aid in the selection of a treatment regimen to improve survival outcome. a Liss, M et.al. Am. J. Pathol. 2009 b Donover, P et.al. J. Cell. Biochem. 2010 Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-21.
Increased Numbers of Macrophages and Neutrophils are Associated with Decreased Interleukin-33 (IL-33) Levels in Asthmatic Sputum
Authors: S.K. Bhatti, A.T. Hastie, W.C. Moore, S.P. Peters, M.S. Dykewicz, E.R. Bleecker
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Use of a Secure Internet Web Site for Collaborative Medical Research
Authors: W. Wesley Marshall
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Researchers who collaborate on clinical research studies from diffuse locations need a convenient, inexpensive, secure way to record and manage data. The Internet, with its World Wide Web, provides a vast network that enables researchers with diverse types of computers and operating systems anywhere in the world to log data through a common interface. Development of a Web site for scientific data collection can be organized into 10 steps, including planning the scientific database, choosing a database management software system, setting up database tables for each collaborator's variables, developing the Web site's screen layout, choosing a middleware software system to tie the database software to the Web site interface, embedding data editing and calculation routines, setting up the database on the central server computer, obtaining a unique Internet address and name for the Web site, applying security measures to the site, and training staff who enter data. Ensuring the security of an Internet database requires limiting the number of people who have access to the server, setting up the server on a stand-alone computer, requiring user-name and password authentication for server and Web site access, installing a firewall computer to prevent break-ins and block bogus information from reaching the server, verifying the identity of the server and client computers with certification from a certificate authority, encrypting information sent between server and client computers to avoid eavesdropping, establishing audit trails to record all accesses into the Web site, and educating Web site users about security techniques. When these measures are carefully undertaken, in our experience, information for scientific studies can be collected and maintained on Internet databases more efficiently and securely than through conventional systems of paper records protected by filing cabinets and locked doors.
Lettuce anaphylaxis: identification of a lipid transfer protein as the major allergen
Authors: M. San Miguel‐Moncín, M. Krail, S. Scheurer, E. Enrique, R. Alonso, A. Conti, A. Cisteró‐Bahíma, S. Vieths
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Allergy to plant‐derived foods is associated with birch pollinosis in central and northern Europe. Symptoms elicited are usually limited to the oropharyngeal system. By contrast, in the Mediterranean area, allergy to the same foods manifests more frequently with systemic reactions caused by nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTP), independently of an associated pollinosis. Objective: We sought to investigate the pattern of immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding protein bands implicated in lettuce allergy, in particular the presence of an nsLTP. Methods: Consecutive lettuce allergic patients were selected. Determination of serum‐specific IgE, immunoblot, and inhibition experiments were performed in order to study the pattern of IgE binding proteins and the potential cross‐reactivity to pollens. Inhibition studies with recombinant allergens were conducted to identify the lettuce allergens. The major allergen was subjected to N‐terminal amino acid sequencing. Results: Fourteen patients were diagnosed as being allergic to lettuce. All were sensitized to Platanus pollen. Ten of them showed specific IgE to a lettuce protein of 9‐kDa. The IgE binding to this protein was completely inhibited by the cherry‐LTP and peach extract. The N‐terminal sequence of the 9‐kDa protein showed a high degree of amino acid sequence identity to other nsLTPs. A clear partial cross‐reactivity was observed between lettuce‐LTP and Platanus‐pollen extract. Conclusions: An LTP has been demonstrated to be a major allergen in patients suffering from lettuce allergy.
Abstract 445: Significance of carbonic anhydrase-9 in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Kato Yukihiro, Masakazu Yashiro, Shinichiro Kashiwagi, Yuhiko Fuyuhiro, Satoru Noda, Yosuke Doi, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Toru Inoue, Kiyoshi Maeda, Tetsuji Sawada, Masaichi Ohira, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract [purpose] Gastric carcinoma is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death. Various kinds of solid tumor including gastric cancer have heterogeneously a hypoxic environment. In gastric cancers, the hypoxia reported to develop their malignant potential. Cancer cell under hypoxic condition show resistance against various types of therapies. The poor outcome is, however, not only due to the resistance to treatment but also to the more aggressive behavior of cancer cells. Hypoxia selects tumor cells with a reduced apoptotic potential and angiogenic phenotype, which invade the surrounding tissue and easily metastasize due to the activation of matrix metalloproteinases. CA-9 (originally named MN) is a member of the α-family of carbonic anhydrases of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid. The purpose of our study was to clarify significance of the hypoxia in gastric carcinoma using of CA-9. [materials and methods] A total of 265 patients who had undergone a resection of the primary tumor and were confirmed histologically to have sporadic gastric cancer, were enrolled in this study. Tumor specimens were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and embedded in paraffin. The expression of CA-9 was immunohistochemically determined using the antibodies against CA-9 proteins. CA-9 immunostaining was scored as 0 for 0%, 1+ for 1-20%, 2+ for 21-50%, and 3+ for &amp;gt;50%, taking into account the percentage of cells showing membrane in all pieces of specimen from each patient mounted in one slide. Correlation of CA-9 expression and clinic-pathologic features was statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. [results] The CA-9 expression was positive in 88 (33%) of 265 gastric carcinomas. The CA-9 expression level was significantly high in type 4 tumors (60%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and diffuse type carcinoma (41%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and significantly correlated with invasion depth (p&amp;lt;0.001), lymph node metastasis (p&amp;lt;0.001) and lymphatic invasion (p=0.002). In addition, the CA-9 positive example was poor prognosis in comparison with a negative example significantly, (P &amp;lt;0.001) while multivariate analysis did not show significant difference. [conclusion] Hypoxia might be associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes of gastric carcinomas. The hypoxic marker, CA-9, may be a useful prognostic indicator. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 445.
Intrapleurally Given Tetracycline With Lidocaine
Authors: Richard G. Harbecke
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  The letter by Gary N. Fox, MD (242:1362, 1979), emphasized the advantages of giving lidocaine intrapleurally to lessen the discomfort caused by intrapleural instillation of tetracycline hydrochloride. I had used the technique of instilling a mixture of tetracycline and lidocaine until August 1978, when a patient had severe chest pain while this mixture of tetracycline and lidocaine was given intrapleurally. Since then I have used the following technique.  Adequate pleural drainage is first established, usually by tube thoracostomy as described by Walloch. 1,2 Lidocaine hydrochloride, 15 to 30 mL of 1%, is then instilled intrapleurally, and 20 mL of normal saline solution is used to flush the chest tube, which is then clamped. The patient is subsequently rotated through the right and left lateral decubitus positions prone, supine, and sitting positions for intervals of five minutes each during the next 30 minutes. From 500 mg to 1 g
Absorption of Rapid-Acting Insulin in Obese and Nonobese NIDDM Patients
Authors: Per G Clauson, Birgitta Linde
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To study the absorption rate of rapid-acting insulin from subcutaneous injection sites in nonobese and obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten nonobese and 10 obese NIDDM patients (body mass indexes 24.1 ± 0.4 and 31.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2, respectively) received four subcutaneous injections of 125I-labeled rapid-acting insulin (Actrapid Human, 5 U): three in the abdominal wall above, lateral to, and below the umbilicus; and one in the thigh. The depth of the subcutaneous fat layer was measured using ultrasound techniques. The residual radioactivity was monitored externally for 270 min. RESULTS The disappearance half-life of 125I-insulin was between 4 and 6 h from all injection sites, with the exception of the upper abdominal area in the nonobese subjects, where it measured ∼ 3 h. The residual radioactivity did not differ between nonobese and obese patients measured from any of the sites. In the nonobese group, the most rapid absorption of 125I-insulin was found from the upper abdominal area and the slowest from the thigh. In the obese group, the absorption rates did not differ between sites. No correlation was found between the depth of the fat layer and the residual radioactivity when measured at any site. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the absorption of rapid-acting insulin is markedly slow in both obese and nonobese NIDDM patients compared with IDDM patients and healthy subjects studied previously. In the nonobese group, the most rapid absorption of 125I-insulin is obtained after injection into the upper abdominal area. Inter- and intraregional differences are small in the obese patients. Consequently the choice of injection site is of little importance in this group.
Arthroscopic surgery compared with supervised exercises in patients with rotator cuff disease (stage II impingement syndrome)
Authors: J I Brox, P H Staff, A E Ljunggren, J I Brevik
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To compare the effectiveness of arthroscopic surgery, a supervised exercise regimen, and placebo soft laser treatment in patients with rotator cuff disease (stage II impingement syndrome).Randomised clinical trial.Hospital departments of orthopaedics and of physical medicine and rehabilitation.125 patients aged 18-66 who had had rotator cuff disease for at least three months and whose condition was resistant to treatment.Arthroscopic subacromial decompression performed by two experienced surgeons; exercise regimen over three to six months supervised by one experienced physiotherapist; or 12 sessions of detuned soft laser treatment over six weeks.Change in the overall Neer shoulder score (pain during previous week and blinded evaluation of function and range of movement by one clinician) after six months.No differences were found between the three groups in duration of sick leave and daily intake of analgesics. After six months the difference in improvement in overall Neer score between surgery and supervised exercises was 4.0 (95% confidence interval -2 to 11) and 2.0 (-1.4 to 5.4) after adjustment for sex. The condition improved significantly compared with placebo in both groups given the active treatments. Treatment costs were higher for those given surgery (720 pounds v 390 pounds).Surgery or a supervised exercise regimen significantly, and equally, improved rotator cuff disease compared with placebo.
School dinners and the nanny state
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I am more privileged than most of the country’s ruling elite, because I went to a comprehensive state school and I had a free dinner ticket. Dishes cooked fresh on site were sausage pie, fish pie, steak pie, carrots, peas, mash, apple pie, apple sponge, jam sponge, and bread and butter pudding. Consumed by hunger after all our sports activity, I had to eat. I wanted to marry a dinner lady because I loved school dinners. But five years ago many …
Doctor was “near to breaking point” when she exaggerated abuse
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A consultant paediatrician facing allegations of misconduct in overstating and exaggerating reports of child abuse was running a unit that was grossly understaffed at the time, the General Medical Council heard last week.

Camille De San Lazaro told the fitness to practice panel in Manchester that at times she had to change bed linen and perform cleaning tasks herself while running a child abuse department at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle in the mid-1990s.

At one stage she was involved in …
A Low F-18 FDG Uptake in the Nasopharynx Plasmacytoma Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Meng-jie Dong, Zhen-feng Liu, Guo-lin Wang, Kui Zhao, Mei-ling Sun, Hua-tao Wang, Shu-ye Yang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare tumors. To the best of our knowledge, only very few cases have been previously reported on positron emission tomography (PET) with the glucose analog 2-deoxy-2-[F-18] fluoro-D-glucose (F-18 FDG), which showed markedly increased F-18 FDG accumulation in the primary lesions. We present a new case with FDG PET/CT images showing low FDG uptake in the nasopharynx plasmacytoma. Clinicians should be aware of this phenomenon and the potential for false negatives on FDG PET/CT.
Whole-genome sequencing of multiple Arabidopsis thaliana populations
Authors: Jun Cao, Korbinian Schneeberger, Stephan Ossowski, Torsten Günther, Sebastian Bender, Joffrey Fitz, Daniel Koenig, Christa Lanz, Oliver Stegle, Christoph Lippert, Xi Wang, Felix Ott, Jonas Müller, Carlos Alonso-Blanco, Karsten Borgwardt, Karl J Schmid, Detlef Weigel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Diagnosis of Arrhythmia
Authors: Henry J. L. Marriott
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The most important dilemma in diagnosis of arrhythmia is in the distinction between ventricular ectopia and aberration. Not long ago, one of us with Sandler, compared the morphology of right bundle branch block (RBBB)-aberration with that of presumed ventricular ectopia in lead V<sub>1</sub>and found that the majority of aberrant beats (70%) had a triphasic (RSR<sup>1</sup>) contour whereas the great majority of ectopic beats (92%) had a monophasic (R) or diphasic (qR, RS or QR) complex. Moreover, the initial deflection of aberrant beats was identical with that of flanking sinus beats in a significant proportion of aberrant beats (44%) whereas in the ectopic ventricular beats it was almost always different (96%). These observations have since enabled us to recognize aberration with considerable confidence in otherwise confusing circumstances.<sup>2</sup>On the other hand, the confident recognition of ectopic ventricular mechanisms has remained virtually imposible up to
A sweating abnormality in incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Celia Moss, P. Ince
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Three women presented with pale hairless streaks on the limbs as the only remaining sign of incontinentia pigmenti (IP). Seven other women in whom IP had been diagnosed in infancy were re‐examined and this sign was present in all and in the otherwise unaffected mothers of three affected girls. Sweating was studied in these lesions because we were struck by the clinical overlap between IP and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) and because the lesions resembled those of hypomelanosis of Ito (HI), which are anhidrotic. Sweating was stimulated locally by iontophoresis of pilocarpine and stained with ferric chloride and tannic acid. Sweating was absent in these lesions. Biopsies showed absent sweat glands and follicles but no abnormal pigmentary incontinence. These are not the changes of post‐inflammatory scarring and they differ in distribution, degree and depth from the early inflammatory lesions of IP. It is concluded that maldevelopment of hair follicles and sweat glands is a feature of IP which should be considered as another X‐linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. This view is supported by the recent genetic localization of both conditions to the juxta centromeric region of the X chromosome.
Biliary cannulation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: core technique and recent innovations
Authors: M. Bourke, G. Costamagna, M. Freeman
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Despite advances in imaging and device technology over the past decade, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) continues to be one of the most technically challenging interventions in endoscopy. The procedure remains compounded by two persistent problems: failure of successful biliary cannulation and post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). When performed outside expert high-volume centers, failed biliary cannulation may occur in up to 20 % of cases; repeated and prolonged attempts at cannulation increase the risk of pancreatitis, delay definitive therapy, and necessitate alternative therapeutic techniques with inferior safety profiles [1] [2]. Cannulation technique is believed to be a pivotal factor in the genesis of PEP and is obviously important for successful cannulation. This review will discuss some recent innovations in cannulation technique.
Patient Complaints and Malpractice Risk
Authors: Gerald B. Hickson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

A small number of physicians experience a disproportionate share of malpractice claims and expenses. If malpractice risk is related in large measure to factors such as patient dissatisfaction with interpersonal behaviors, care and treatment, and access, it might be possible to monitor physicians' risk of being sued.To examine the association between physicians' patient complaint records and their risk management experiences.Retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 645 general and specialist physicians in a large US medical group between January 1992 and March 1998, accounting for 2546 physician-years of care.Computerized records of all unsolicited patient complaints were recorded by the medical center's patient affairs office, coded to characterize the nature of the problem and alleged offender, and compared with each physician's risk management records for the same period.Both patient complaints and risk management events were higher for surgeons than nonsurgeons. Specifically, 137 (32%) of the 426 nonsurgeons had at least 1 risk management file compared with nearly two thirds (137 [63%] of 219) of all surgeons (chi2(1)= 54.7, P<.001). Both complaint and risk management data were positively correlated with physicians' volume of clinical activity. Logistic regression revealed that risk management file openings, file openings with expenditures, and lawsuits were significantly related to total numbers of patient complaints, even when data were adjusted for clinical activity. Predictive concordance of specialty group, complaint count, clinical activity, and sex for risk management file openings was 84%; file openings with expenditures, 83%; lawsuits, 81%; and multiple lawsuits, 87%.Unsolicited patient complaints captured and recorded by a medical group are positively associated with physicians' risk management experiences.