tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Estrogen Receptor-α Plays a Crucial Role in the Atheroprotective Action of 17β-Estradiol in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Deficient Mice
Authors: Audrey Billon-Galés, Coralie Fontaine, Victorine Douin-Echinard, Laurent Delpy, Hortense Berges, Bertrand Calippe, Françoise Lenfant, Henrik Laurell, Jean-Charles Guéry, Pierre Gourdy, Jean-François Arnal
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— The prevention of early atheroma by estrogens has been clearly demonstrated in all animal models and appears to be mediated through a direct action on the arterial wall rather than through an effect on the lipoprotein profile. The goal of the present study was to evaluate which cellular target is crucial in this beneficial action of estradiol. Methods and Results— We first confirmed the key role of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) in the atheroprotective effect of estradiol, because this action was completely abolished in mice deficient in both the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) and ERα. Second, using chimeric mice with an ERα deficiency in the hematopoietic lineage, we showed the persistence of the protective action of estradiol, which suggests the involvement of extrahematopoietic ERα. Third, we showed that loxP-flanked ERα mice (ERα flox/flox ) bred with Tie2-Cre + mice on an LDLr −/− background had complete inactivation of ERα in most hematopoietic and all endothelial cells. Remarkably, in this mouse model, the atheroprotective effect of estradiol was completely abolished. Fourth, the atheroprotective effect of estradiol remained abolished in Tie2-Cre + ERα flox/flox LDLr −/− mice transplanted with either Tie2-Cre + ERα flox/flox or ERα −/− bone marrow, whereas it was present in analogous chimeric Tie2-Cre − ERα flox/flox LDLr −/− receivers expressing endothelial ERα. Conclusions— We demonstrate directly and for the first time that endothelial ERα represents a key target of the atheroprotective effect of estradiol, whereas hematopoietic ERα is dispensable. Selective estrogen receptor modulators that mimic the endothelial action of estradiol should now be considered in atheroprotection.
Atoms for Peace
Authors: Marshall Brucer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I have received so many comments of disbelief regarding my previous letter that I am answering them with the attached chart. On this chart either the number of shipments or the number of curies of iodine-131 and carbon-14 is put on arithmetic scale to illustrate the production and shipment of these 2 isotopes. Iodine-131 was selected since it is almost always (but not quite always) considered to be primarily a medical radioisotope. Carbon-14 was selected since it is so commonly used in medical research, but not in either diagnosis or therapy. This chart does not mean that the use of radioactive iodine is decreasing. On the contrary, it is continuously increasing, but the material that is being made does not come from this country; it comes from Canada.
Positioning of a Plastic Prosthesis under Fiberendoscopic Control in the Palliative Treatment of Cardio-Esophageal Cancer
Authors: G. Tytgat, F. den Hartog Jager, H. Haverkamp
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

A method is described for non surgical peroral positioning of a plastic prosthesis under visual control in patients with obstructing cardio-esophageal malignancy or with pulmonary-esophageal fistula. The AGMI-F7 small calibre endoscope is well suited for guiding the prosthesis mainly because of easy maneuvrability and sufficient sturdiness to withstand substantial pushing force.
Prevention of granulocyte-mediated oxidant lung injury in rats by a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethylthiourea.
Authors: R B Fox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Toxic, partially reduced metabolites of oxygen (toxic oxygen radicals) are increasingly implicated in acute leukocyte-mediated tissue injury. To further probe the roles of oxygen radicals in acute lung edema, I studied the effects of a recently described and very potent oxygen radical scavenger, dimethylthiourea (DMTU) (Fox, R. B., R. N. Harada, R. M. Tate, and J. E. Repine, 1983, J. Appl. Physiol., 55:1456-1459) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) oxidant function and on two types of lung injury mediated by oxygen radicals and PMN. DMTU (10 mM) blocked 79% of hydroxyl radical (OH) production by PMN in vitro without interfering with other PMN functions, such as O-2 production, myeloperoxidase activity, chemotaxis, degranulation, or aggregation. When isolated rat lung preparations were perfused with PMN activated to produce OH, lung weights were increased from 2.3 +/- 0.2 to 11.2 +/- 0.8 g. DMTU (10 mM) prevented 70% of these increases (lung weights, 5.0 +/- 1.1 g, P less than 0.005). Finally, when intact rats were exposed to 100% O2 for 66 h, lung weight:body weight ratios were increased from 5.78 +/- 0.33 to 8.87 +/- 0.16 g. DMTU (500 mg/kg) prevented 83% of this hyperoxia-induced lung edema in vivo (lung:body weight ratios, 6.05 +/- 0.21, P less than 0.001). Pharmacokinetic studies showed that DMTU diffused effectively into lung interstitial fluids and had a relatively long half-life (25-35 h) in the circulation. Because a variety of oxygen radicals, such as superoxide (O-2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or OH are produced by PMN, there is usually some uncertainty about which one is responsible for injury. However, in these studies, DMTU did not scavenge O-2 and scavenged H2O2 only very slowly while scavenging OH very effectively. Therefore, DMTU may be useful in the investigation of the roles of oxygen radicals, especially OH, in acute granulocyte-mediated tissue injury.
COMBINED VALUE OF IODINE-123 META-IODOBENZYLGUANIDINE MYOCARDIAL IMAGING AND THE SEATTLE HEART FAILURE MODEL IN PREDICTION OF MORTALITY AMONG HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Eric S. Ketchum, Arnold F. Jacobson, James H. Caldwell, Roxy Senior, Manuel D. Cerqueira, Gregory S. Thomas, Denis Agostini, Jagat Narula, Wayne Levy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
(29) Kyrle's disease. Hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans
Authors: C. Long
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article (29) Kyrle's disease. Hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans Get access C. Long C. Long Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue s9, 1 July 1973, Pages 108–110, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb03462.x Published: 01 July 1973
DOES LONGER EXERCISE DURATION SIGNIFY LESS EXTENSIVE ISCHEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH A STRONGLY POSITIVE EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM? ASSESSMENT BY THALLIUM-201 SCINTIGRAPHY
Authors: Steven Reisman, Jomshid Maddahi, Franklin Murphy, Asher Kimchi, Alan Rozanski, H. J.C. Swan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Reisman, Steven; Maddahi, Jomshid; Murphy, Franklin; Kimchi, Asher; Rozanski, Alan; Swan, H. J.C. Author Information
Persistence of Inhibitory Activity against Normal Bone-Marrow Cells during Remission of Acute Leukemia
Authors: Hal E. Broxmeyer, Elliott Grossbard, Niels Jacobsen, Malcolm A. S. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Bone-marrow cells from patients with acute leukemia in remission were tested for their capacity to produce a substance (leukemia-associated inhibitory activity, LIA) that inhibits the formation of granulocyte and macrophage colonies in cultures of normal, but not of leukemic, bone marrow. LIA was detected in extracts of whole marrow in only eight of 83 patients in remission. However, extracts of slowly sedimenting cells, separated by velocity sedimentation from the marrows of eight patients in remission whose whole marrow had produced no LIA, produced inhibitory material in all cases. Extracts of the more rapidly sedimenting cells from these marrows contained an inactivator of LIA. Three of six patients in remission whose unfractionated marrow was unresponsive to LIA had a subpopulation of colony-forming cells that was sensitive to the inhibitor. These observations suggest that certain cellular functions do not completely return to normal during remission of acute leukemia. (N Engl J Med 301:346–351, 1979)
Interactions between receptors for interleukin 2 and interleukin 4 on lines of helper T cells (HT-2) and B lymphoma cells (BCL1).
Authors: R Fernandez-Botran, V M Sanders, E S Vitetta
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

IL-2 and IL-4 induce a synergistic proliferative response in HT-2 cells, suggesting that IL-2Rs and IL-4Rs may interact. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of IL-4 on the expression and function of IL-2Rs. Preincubation of HT-2 and BCL1-3B3 cells with IL-4 for 60 min at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C resulted in a partial decrease in the number, but not the affinity of high affinity IL-2Rs as evidenced by Scatchard analysis of binding data. The decrease in the number of high affinity receptors correlated with decreased internalization of IL-2. After preincubation with IL-4, crosslinking of 125I-IL-2 to high affinity IL-2Rs also demonstrated a approximately 50% reduction in the number of high affinity IL-2Rs. Another lymphokine, IL-1, which acts on HT-2 cells, had no measurable effect on the affinity or number of IL-2Rs. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-4 downregulates the expression of high affinity IL-2Rs on some cells. It is not known whether this occurs by a direct ligand-mediated receptor interaction, by the sharing of a common receptor subunit, or by interaction of the two receptors with another membrane molecule or cytoskeletal component.
Risk of Death With Nesiritide
Authors: A. J. Burger
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Précis on<i>The Cognitive-Emotional Brain</i>
Authors: Luiz Pessoa
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract In The Cognitive-Emotional Brain (Pessoa 2013), I describe the many ways that emotion and cognition interact and are integrated in the brain. The book summarizes five areas of research that support this integrative view and makes four arguments to organize each area. (1) Based on rodent and human data, I propose that the amygdala's functions go beyond emotion as traditionally conceived. Furthermore, the processing of emotion-laden information is capacity limited, thus not independent of attention and awareness. (2) Cognitive-emotional interactions in the human prefrontal cortex (PFC) assume diverse forms and are not limited to mutual suppression. Particularly, the lateral PFC is a focal point for cognitive-emotional interactions. (3) Interactions between motivation and cognition can be seen across a range of perceptual and cognitive tasks. Motivation shapes behavior in specific ways – for example, by reducing response conflict or via selective effects on working memory. Traditional accounts, by contrast, typically describe motivation as a global activation independent of particular control demands. (4) Perception and cognition are directly influenced by information with affective or motivational content in powerful ways. A dual competition model outlines a framework for such interactions at the perceptual and executive levels. A specific neural architecture is proposed that embeds emotional and motivational signals into perception and cognition through multiple channels. (5) A network perspective should supplant the strategy of understanding the brain in terms of individual regions. More broadly, in a network view of brain architecture, “emotion” and “cognition” may be used as labels of certain behaviors, but will not map cleanly into compartmentalized pieces of the brain.
TCT-451 Impact of Stent Recoil and Fracture in RCA Ostium Restenosis Following Stainless Steel or Cobalt Chromium Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: A Serial Angiographic and IVUS Study
Authors: Atsushi Hirohata, Eiki Hirose, Tohru Ohe, Ryo Yoshioka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Policy Paper Highlights Concerns About the Future of HIV Care and Its Funding
Authors: T. Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virus virosome vaccine delivery system for immunization against hepatitis A.
Authors: R Glück, R Mischler, S Brantschen, M Just, B Althaus, S J Cryz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) was purified from MRC-5 human diploid cell cultures, inactivated with formalin, and evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in humans. Three vaccine formulations were produced: (a) a fluid preparation containing inactivated HAV, (b) inactivated HAV adsorbed to Al(OH)3, and (c) inactivated HAV coupled to novel immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIV). IRIV were prepared by combining phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids originating from the influenza virus envelope, influenza virus hemagglutinin, and neuraminidase. The HAV-IRIV appeared as unilamellar vesicles with a diameter of approximately 150 nm when viewed by transmission electron microscopy. Upon intramuscular injection, the alum-adsorbed vaccine was associated with significantly (P < 0.01) more local adverse reactions than either the fluid or IRIV formulations. 14 d after a single dose of vaccine, all the recipients of the IRIV formulation seroconverted (> or = 20 mIU/ml) versus 30 and 44% for those who received the fluid and alum-adsorbed vaccines, respectively (P < 0.001). The geometric mean anti-HAV antibody titer achieved after immunization with the IRIV-HAV vaccine was also significantly higher (P < 0.005) compared with the other two vaccines.
Humoral immune response to the insect allergen <i>Chi t</i> I in aquarists and fish‐food factory workers
Authors: V. Liebers, M. Hoernstein, X. Baur
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Our examination of 225 subjects who had been exposed to the insect allergen Chi t I involved the degree of allergen exposure, the exposure-associated symptoms, and their relationship to the presence of specific IgE and IgG antibodies as well as sensitization to ubiquitous allergens. It could be shown that specific IgE antibodies found in 34% of these subjects were closely associated with symptoms (P < 0.01), whereas no relationship between IgG antibodies and complaints could be observed. Conjunctivitis (63%) and rhinitis (62%) were predominant, followed by asthma (45%) and urticaria (37%). Antibody levels of patients suffering from asthma were highest. In addition, symptoms were associated with the degree of exposure. While nearly all IgE-sensitized subjects of the medium-, high-, and very high-exposure group were symptomatic, only 57% of the sensitized individuals of the low-exposure group reported complaints. Furthermore, specific IgE antibodies were most frequently present in the groups with medium (46%) and high (54.5%) exposure, whereas IgG antibodies predominated in individuals with very high exposure (69.1%). In the low-exposure group, most subjects (73.6%) had neither IgE nor IgG antibodies. In addition, within Chi t I sensitized subjects, sensitization to common allergens and elevated total IgE levels were more frequently present than within non-Chi t I sensitized individuals, indicating a predisposition to allergy.
Increased Susceptibility to UV-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis in Polymerase η–deficient Mice
Authors: Qingcong Lin, Alan B. Clark, Scott D. McCulloch, Tao Yuan, Roderick T. Bronson, Thomas A. Kunkel, Raju Kucherlapati
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) patients with mutations in the DNA polymerase η (pol η) gene are hypersensitive to sunlight and have greatly increased susceptibility to sunlight-induced skin cancer. Consistent with the ability of Pol η to efficiently bypass UV light–induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, XPV cells lacking Pol η have diminished capacity to replicate UV-damaged DNA and are sensitive to UV light–induced killing and mutagenesis. To better understand these and other Pol η functions, we generated Pol η–deficient mice. Mice homozygous for a null mutation in pol η are viable, fertile, and do not show any obvious spontaneous defects during the first year of life. However, fibroblasts derived from these mutant mice are sensitive to killing by exposure to UV light, and all Pol η–deficient mice develop skin tumors after UV irradiation, in contrast to the wild-type littermate controls that did not develop such tumors. These results and biochemical studies of translesion synthesis by mouse Pol η indicate that Pol η–dependent bypass of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers suppresses UV light–induced skin cancer in mice. Moreover, 37.5% of pol η heterozygous mice also developed skin cancer during 5 months after a 5-month exposure to UV light, suggesting that humans who are heterozygous for mutations in pol η may also have an increased risk of skin cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(1): 87-94)
Effects of SK&amp;F 104353, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, on the bronchial responses to histamine in subjects with asthma: A comparative study with terfenadine
Authors: A.T.Dinh Xuan, J. Regnard, T. Similowski, J. Rey, J. Marsac, A. Lockhart
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1990)
Egr2 targets identify a population of dysfunctional T cells in the tumor microenvironment with immune modulatory properties
Authors: Jason Williams, Yan Zheng, Thomas Gajewski
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Although the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) indicates an endogenous anti-tumor response, immune regulatory pathways can subvert the effector phase and enable tumor escape. Negative regulatory pathways include expression of inhibitory receptors and corresponding
Myocardial β-Adrenergic Receptor Function and High-Energy Phosphates in Brain Death– Related Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Hartmuth B. Bittner, Edward P. Chen, Carmelo A. Milano, Simon W.H. Kendall, Robert B. Jennings, David C. Sabiston, Peter Van Trigt
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Cardiac failure remains an important problem after heart transplantation and may be associated with events that occur during brain death (BD) before transplantation. In this study, cardiac function is studied after BD, and biochemical evaluation of myocardial high-energy phosphates and the beta-adrenergic receptor system is presented.The hearts of 17 mongrel dogs (23 to 31 kg) were instrumented with flow probes, micromanometers, and ultrasonic dimension transducers to measure ventricular pressure and volume relationships. In a validated canine BD model, systolic right and left ventricular (RV/LV) function was analyzed by load-insensitive measurements during caval occlusion (preload-recruitable stroke work, PRSW). The beta-adrenergic receptor (BAR) density, adenylate cyclase (AC) activity, and myocardial ATP and creatine phosphate (CP) were measured before and 6 to 7 hours after BD. Results are expressed as mean +/- SEM (*P < .05 versus baseline, paired two-tailed Student's t test). Myocardial function deteriorated significantly from baseline PRSW (RV, 22 +/- 1 erg x 10(3); LV, 75 +/- 4 erg x 10(3)) by 37 +/- 10% for the RV (P < .001) and 22 +/- 7% for the LV (P < .001). BAR density increased from 282 +/- 42 to 568 +/- 173 fmol/mg for the RV and from 291 +/- 64 to 353 +/- 56 fmol/mg for the LV. Isoproterenol-stimulated AC activity was also significantly enhanced after BD. ATP and CP, however, remained unchanged after BD compared with baseline values before BD.BD causes significant systolic biventricular dysfunction. The loss of ventricular function after BD was more prominent in the right ventricle and may contribute to early postoperative RV failure in the recipient. These injuries occurred despite BAR system upregulation after BD. Global myocardial ischemia is unlikely, since ATP and CP remained normal before and after BD.
Lung Cancer Attributable to Indoor Radon Exposure in France: Impact of the Risk Models and Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Olivier Catelinois, Agnès Rogel, Dominique Laurier, Solenne Billon, Denis Hemon, Pierre Verger, Margot Tirmarche
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

The inhalation of radon, a well-established human carcinogen, is the principal-and omnipresent-source of radioactivity exposure for the general population of most countries. Scientists have thus sought to assess the lung cancer risk associated with indoor radon. Our aim here is to assess this risk in France, using all available epidemiologic results and performing an uncertainty analysis.We examined the exposure-response relations derived from cohorts of miners and from joint analyses of residential case-control studies and considered the interaction between radon and tobacco. The exposure data come from measurement campaigns conducted since the beginning of the 1980s by the Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety and the Directorate-General of Health in France. We quantified the uncertainties associated with risk coefficients and exposures and calculated their impact on risk estimates.The estimated number of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure ranges from 543 [90% uncertainty interval (UI) , 75-1,097] to 3,108 (90% UI, 2,996-3,221) , depending on the model considered. This calculation suggests that from 2.2% (90% UI, 0.3-4.4) to 12.4% (90% UI, 11.9-12.8) of these deaths in France may be attributable to indoor radon.In this original work we used different exposure-response relations from several epidemiologic studies and found that regardless of the relation chosen, the number of lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon appears relatively stable. Smokers can reduce their risk not only by reducing their indoor radon concentration but also by giving up smoking.