tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis: Relation of Early Diagnosis and Treatment to Response
Authors: JOSEPH AISNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Aspergillus infections in patients with cancer are difficult to diagnose, and such diagnoses are frequently made at necropsy. Earlier therapy has been proposed to provide better response. We reviewed 17 consecutive patients with documented aspergillosis to determine the impact of earlier diagnosis and prompt treatment with amphotericin B. Sixteen had hematologic malignancies, and all had marked granulocytopenia. Six were diagnosed and treated within 96 h of the appearance of infiltrates. Three of these six had complete resolution of all signs and symptoms of aspergillus infection. The other three had a partial response to therapy despite continued granulocytopenia. All 11 patients in whom antifungal therapy was either delayed (six) or not given (five) for at least 2 weeks after the infiltrate was present diet with progressive aspergillosis aggressive diagnostic methods to establish the diagnosis of aspergillosis are warranted so that antifungal therapy can be started early, which may then be successful in resolving these potentially fatal infections.
Polymer-Based, Paclitaxel-Eluting TAXUS Liberté Stent in De Novo Lesions
Authors: Mark A. Turco, John A. Ormiston, Jeffrey J. Popma, Lazar Mandinov, Charles D. O’Shaughnessy, Tift Mann, Thomas F. McGarry, Chiung-Jen Wu, Charles Chan, Mark W.I. Webster, Jack J. Hall, Gregory J. Mishkel, Louis A. Cannon, Donald S. Baim, Joerg Koglin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
A genome-wide association study identifies two new cervical cancer susceptibility loci at 4q12 and 17q12
Authors: Yongyong Shi, Li Li, Zhibin Hu, Shuang Li, Shixuan Wang, Jihong Liu, Chen Wu, Lin He, Jianfeng Zhou, Zhiqiang Li, Ting Hu, Yile Chen, Yao Jia, Shaoshuai Wang, Li Wu, Xiaodong Cheng, Zhijun Yang, Ru Yang, Xiong Li, Kecheng Huang, Qinghua Zhang, Hang Zhou, Fangxu Tang, Zhilan Chen, Jian Shen, Jie Jiang, Hu Ding, Hui Xing, Shulan Zhang, Pengpeng Qu, Xiaojie Song, Zhongqiu Lin, Dongrui Deng, Ling Xi, Weiguo Lv, Xiaobing Han, Guangshi Tao, Lixing Yan, Zhedong Han, Zhuang Li, Xiaoping Miao, Shandong Pan, Yuanming Shen, Hui Wang, Dan Liu, Ee Gong, Zheng Li, Limei Zhou, Xiaomei Luan, Chuping Wang, Qian Song, Sufang Wu, Hongbin Xu, Jiawei Shen, Fulin Qiang, Gang Ma, Li Liu, Xiaojun Chen, Jibin Liu, Jiangping Wu, Yan Shen, Yang Wen, Minjie Chu, Jiang Yu, Xiaoxia Hu, Yujuan Fan, Hongying He, Yanming Jiang, Zhiying Lei, Cui Liu, Jianhua Chen, Yuan Zhang, Cunjian Yi, Shuangyun Chen, Wenjin Li, Daowen Wang, Zehua Wang, Wen Di, Keng Shen, Dongxin Lin, Hongbing Shen, Youji Feng, Xing Xie, Ding Ma
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
SPECT Imaging of the Lumbosacral Spine and Pelvis
Authors: GARY F. GATES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

This is a prospective comparison of SPECT versus planar imaging of the lumbosacral spine and pelvis, performed in order to assess which technique was more useful in clinical practice. One hundred adults were studied with both techniques, and abnormalities uncovered by either imaging method were graded 1-4 based on the lesion's relative uptake intensity. SPECT imaging significantly improved lesion detection, especially in conditions resulting in only low grade tracer uptake on planar studies. Precision in anatomic localization furthermore improved the quality and usefulness of diagnostic information resulting from SPECT imaging compared to planar examinations. SPECT is recommended for routine imaging of the lumbosacral spine and pelvis in symptomatic patients, especially when planar examinations are normal or equivocal.
A COMPARISON OF PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN DEMENTIA PRÆCOX AND MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS
Authors: EARL D. BOND, E. STANLEY ABBOT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1912)

From the foregoing data we have drawn the following conclusions, realizing that the number of cases dealt with is too small, and the data in many of the cases too meagre, to more than suggest them as tentative or probable. 1. Normal traits predominate in manic-depressive psychoses (164 to 120). 2. Abnormal traits are found in about an equal proportion in dementia præcox and manic-depressive psychosis (98 to 104). 3. Certain abnormal traits—reticence, peculiarity, precosity—are found in much larger proportions in dementia præcox than in manic-depressive psychosis (27 to 4). 4. Normal personalities are found fairly frequently in both diseases, but more frequently in manic-depressive psychosis (33 to 26). 5. Abnormal personalities are much more frequent in dementia præcox than in manic-depressive psychosis (16 to 7). 6. The "shut-in personality" or the tendency to it is found almost exclusively in dementia præcox (10 to 2). 7. If all doubtful and abnormal personalities (i. e., the normal—mixed + all abnormal as in Table II) are conceded to predispose to dementia præcox, on the one hand not more than half (24 cases, 48 per cent) of the dementia præcox cases are so predisposed; and on the other, a third (17 cases, 34 per cent) of the manic-depressive cases have the same predisposition. 8. The special "shut-in personality" is found in too small proportion (20 per cent) to substaniate fully the claims made by some writers for its prevalence as an etiological factor in dementia præcox. The study suggests three main lines of future work: 1. The gathering of fuller data as to make-up and characteristics, from several sources in each case whenever possible. 2. The making of similar comparisons of make-up in all the psychoses, but especially in the high-grade defectives and epileptics. 3. The study of characteristics and personalities as possible determinants of reaction-types or of symptoms, or as modifying the clinical picture, rather than as causes of the onset of the psychosis.
FDG PET/CT Findings of Superficial Angiomyxoma
Authors: Jun Nishio, Hiroshi Iwasaki, Mikiko Aoki, Kazuki Nabeshima, Masatoshi Naito
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Superficial angiomyxoma, also known as cutaneous myxoma, is a rare but distinctive soft tissue tumor characterized by a sparse proliferation of spindle-shaped cells in a prominent myxoid matrix with numerous thin-walled blood vessels. We present a case of a pathologically proven superficial angiomyxoma arising in the first web space of the left hand of a 39-year-old man. Integrated PET/CT images showed mild focal FDG uptake in a subcutaneous soft tissue mass, with a maximum standardized uptake value of 2.94.
Periprosthetic tissue reactions observed at revision of total intervertebral disc arthroplasty
Authors: Ilona M. Punt, Jack P.M. Cleutjens, Thorvald de Bruin, Paul C. Willems, Steven M. Kurtz, Lodewijk W. van Rhijn, Geert Willem H. Schurink, André van Ooij
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Advances in Perinatal Medicine
Authors: Jay D. Iams
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This is the first volume in a series intended to foster communication among the many disciplines devoted to optimal pregnancy outcome. The editors have recruited an outstanding group of authors for this inaugural issue. The authors were asked to evaluate given areas in great depth, emphasizing recent developments and indicating directions for future research. The topics reviewed include neonatal and infantile apnea, perinatal brain damage, breech delivery, intrauterine fetal growth retardation, obstetric ultrasonography, neonatal behavioral effects of antepartum and intrapartum medication, and two interesting reviews of the effects of pressure on the fetal cranium. The breadth of topics covered provides "something for everybody," which is at once a strength and a weakness of the volume. A pediatrician, having selected the book to read the excellent review of perinatal brain damage by Drs Pape and Fitzhardinge, might otherwise have missed Dr Collea's contribution on the difficulties encountered in breech delivery. If
Approaches to the Management of Invasive Fungal Infections in Hematologic Malignancy and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Mauricette Michallet, James I. Ito
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Patients with hematologic malignancy and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients are at increased risk for invasive fungal infection (IFI) as a result of immunosuppression or organ damage stemming from their underlying disease, its treatment, or both. Such IFIs can cause significant morbidity and mortality, and the diagnosis and treatment of infected patients frequently are clinically challenging. This article discusses the epidemiology and risk factors for IFI in patients with hematologic malignancy and HCT recipients. The pros and cons of available antifungal agents are discussed, and evolving treatment strategies and recent prophylaxis guidelines from various professional organizations are reviewed. Finally, recommendations are offered for antifungal prophylaxis according to risk group.
Abstract 93: Defining the roles of COIL and WIPI1 in breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Misan Lee, Grace Cheung, Ranju Nair, Susan Done
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Metastasis of cancerous cells to distant sites is the major cause of death from breast cancer. In a previous study, we performed aCGH on breast invasive duct carcinoma samples with and without lymph node metastases and identified regions of genomic amplification that are associated with lymph node metastasis. These were subsequently validated by q-PCR. Within the 17q22-24 region, we have identified four genes likely to contribute to metastasis based on published data: COIL, WIPI1, TMEM100, and SLC16A6. We are using RNAi and ectopic over-expression to characterize these genes with in vitro functional assays for proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. We used qRT-PCR analysis on a panel of seven breast cancer cell lines of varying invasiveness: MDA-MB-157, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, BT-549, CAMA-1, HS578T, MCF-7, and SKBR-3. We identified that WIPI1 and COIL were expressed in the majority. WIPI1 is up-regulated in a variety of tumor cells; studies suggest WIPI1 can activate autophagy by suppressing TORC1. Autophagy can inhibit cancer by maintaining genome stability via disposing of damaged mitochondria and peroxisomes. In clinical data obtained from 298 breast cancer patients, we observed high expression of WIPI1 to be associated with higher survival and lower breast cancer relapse. Alternatively, autophagy can also provide a survival mechanism for tumors with restricted blood supply and resistance to chemotherapy. This is in agreement with our observation of high WIPI1 protein expression in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines. We are over-expressing WIPI1 in SKBR-3 and knocking it down in BT-549 in vitro. WIPI1 could help determine the role of autophagy in tumor initiation processes such as proliferation and invasion, and in maintenance of tumor cells following therapy. COIL is found in a diffuse nucleoplasmic pool and in Cajal bodies (CBs). The role of diffuse COIL is still unclear, but CBs, involved in the formation of macromolecular complexes and found more in cells with high transcriptional activity, require COIL for proper formation and localization. We observed high expression of COIL protein in cell lines with higher proliferation index, noticeably in ER positive cell lines such as CAMA1 and absence in a non-tumorogenic cell line MCF10A. We are investigating the association of COIL with proliferation, invasion and migration abilities by over-expression and knockdown of the COIL protein in MDA231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells. We found from clinical data obtained from 245 breast cancer patients that high expression of COIL resulted in lower survival and a higher risk of relapse. This suggests that COIL may be a potential therapeutic target. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 93. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-93
Association of silicosis, lung dysfunction, and emphysema in gold miners.
Authors: R L Cowie, M Hay, R G Thomas
Journal: Thorax (1993)

In an earlier study of gold miners men with silicosis were found to have abnormal lung function, including airflow obstruction and reduced diffusing capacity. In a follow up study a sample of these men was examined by computed tomography to determine whether emphysema accounted for these abnormalities, which are associated with silicosis in this working population.A sample of 70 men from a cohort of older gold miners with and without silicosis who had worked underground for a mean period of 29 years was examined by computed tomography to determine whether each man had emphysema. In addition, each man had lung function tests and routine chest radiography (125 kV).A total of 48 men had emphysema on examination by computed tomography. On the basis of the results in a chest radiograph 55 of the men had silicosis. Emphysema was related to silicosis, being present in five of the 15 men without silicosis and in 43 of the 55 with silicosis. Diffuse emphysema was apparent in two men without silicosis (14%) and in 25 men with silicosis (45%). The proportion of men with diffuse emphysema increased from 14% in those with International Labour Organisation category 0 nodule profusion to 46% in those with category 1, 48% in those with category 2, and 67% in those with category 3. Emphysema was also related to smoking: eight of the 18 who had never smoked and 40 of the 52 smokers had emphysema. All of those who had never smoked and had emphysema had silicosis with category 2/2 or greater nodule profusion. Lung function tests showed changes associated with silicosis that could be explained by the associated emphysema.In this population emphysema occurred in association with silicosis and accounted for the abnormalities in lung function associated with silicosis.
Serum calcium levels in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D L Scott, M Farr, C F Hawkins, R Wilkinson, A M Bold
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Total and corrected (for albumin) serum calcium levels were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 394 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 4490 healthy subjects, and 2609 inpatients at a district general hospital. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had lower mean calcium levels than the healthy subject (p less than 0.001), but had similar levels to inpatients at the district general hospital. Thirty-eight inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis at a hospital for rheumatic diseases had lower mean corrected and total calcium levels than all other groups (p less than 0.01). Corrected or total calcium levels higher than 2.60 mmol/l or corrected calcium levels lower than 2.20 mmol/l were uncommon in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A longitudinal study of serum calcium levels in 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 6-48 months showed considerable temporal variation in total and corrected calcium levels. Transient hypercalcaemia and hypocalcaemia occurred occasionally, but for most of the time calcium levels were normal. Changes in calcium levels were not related to changes in clinical, haematological, or immunological parameters of disease activity. Mean serum calcium levels are lower in disease than health; this occurs in RA as well as other diseases.
Shortcomings of natural family planning methods
Authors: D. A. Verkuyl
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Stress, alcohol use, sexually transmitted diseases, partial breastfeeding, mental and intellectual challenges, chronic diseases, and uncooperative partners all thwart fertility awareness based methods (FABMs). Libido can be so strong that a 30% chance of encountering an HIV positive partner will not dampen it.

I remember John Billings around 1978 promoting his method in Lesotho, where I first witnessed the tyranny of excessive fertility. Many Basotho worked in South Africa, returning home for a …
Progressive decreases in coronary vein flow during reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction: Clinical documentation of the no reflow phenomenon after successful thrombolysis
Authors: Kazuo Komamura, Masafumi Kitakaze, Kazuhiko Nishida, Masashi Naka, Jun Tamai, Masaaki Uematsu, Yukihiro Horetsune, Shinsuke Nanto, Masatsugu Kori, Michitoshi Inoue, Takenobu Kamada, Kazuhisa Kodama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Role of heart and lung receptors with nonmedullated vagal afferents in circulatory control.
Authors: P N Thorén, D E Donald, J T Shepherd
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Vagal afferents from the cardiopulmonary region exert a tonic inhibition on the vasomotor center. This is demonstrated by constriction of systemic resistance and splanchnic capacitance vessels and by increased output of renin when the vagi are cut or blocked. In dogs, removal or selective denervation of organs showed that receptors in the lungs, the atria, and the ventricles each are responsible for the vasomotor inhibition. That this inhibition is due to nonmedullated vagal afferents (C fibers) was demonstrated by selective cooling of the vagi, anodal block of medullated afferents, and selective electrical stimulation of medullated and nonmedullated fibers. In the open-chest cat the discharge frequency of individual C fibers is sparse and irregular (mean, 1.4 impulses/sec) but increases to 10 or more impulses/sec with moderate increases in cardiac filling pressure and exhibits cardiac rhythmicity or is continuous throughout the cardiac cycle. The inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor outflow effected through the cardiopulmonary receptors is inversely related to that exerted by the arterial baroreceptors. The former receptors have less influence on the muscle circulation than the latter, but have an equal or greater effect on the renal circulation. In summary, receptors in the heart and lungs with nonmedullated vagal afferents are an important component of the integrated neural control of the circulation.
Prediction of rodent carcinogenicity of further 30 chemicals bioassayed by the U.S. National Toxicology Program.
Authors: R Benigni, C Andreoli, R Zito
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Recently the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) sponsored a comparative exercise in which different prediction approaches (both biologically and chemically based) were challenged for their predictive abilities of rodent carcinogenicity of a common set of chemicals. The exercise enjoyed remarkable scientific success and stimulated NTP to sponsor a second challenging round of tests, inviting participants to present predictions relative to the rodent carcinogenicity of a further 30 chemicals; these are currently being tested. In this article, we present our predictions based on structure-activity relationship considerations. In our procedure, first each chemical was assigned to an activity mechanism class and then, with semiquantitative considerations, was assigned a probability carcinogenicity score, taking into account simultaneously the hypothesized action mechanism and physical chemical parameters.
Asthma control in the United States, 2008-2010: Indicators of poor asthma control
Authors: Julia F. Slejko, Vahram H. Ghushchyan, Brandon Sucher, Denise R. Globe, Shao-Lee Lin, Gary Globe, Patrick W. Sullivan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)

An estimated 23 million Americans have asthma, of whom at least 12 million experience an asthma exacerbation every year. Clinical practice guidelines focus on asthma control, with an emphasis on reducing both impairment and risk.We sought to explore broad patterns of asthma prevalence, self-reported medication use, and indicators of control in a nationally representative sample.The 2008, 2009, and 2010 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys were used to examine the national prevalence of self-reported asthma, trends in medication use, and demographic characteristics of asthmatic patients. History of lifetime asthma and current diagnosis were ascertained based on self-report. Asthma management and control were examined by using patient-reported medication use.Of the 102,544 subjects asked about an asthma diagnosis, 9,782 reported lifetime asthma, and 8,837 reported current asthma. Five thousand five subjects (4.8% of the population) reported experiencing an asthma exacerbation in the previous year. Four thousand five hundred twenty-one subjects used a quick-relief inhaler for asthma symptoms, and 14.6% used more than 3 canisters of this type of medication in the past 3 months. Of this group, 60% were using daily long-term control medication but still required significant use of quick-relief inhalers, whereas 28% had never used long-term control medication. Of those who had a recent exacerbation, 29% were using daily preventive medication, whereas 54% had never used long-term control medication.Improvement of asthma control continues to be a US public health concern. Results suggest suboptimal asthma control with underuse of long-term control medications, overuse of quick-relief inhalers, and a significant number of self-reported asthma exacerbations.
Secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients: Model of End-Stage Liver Disease score and renal function predict outcome
Authors: T. Voigtländer, A. Negm, A. Schneider, C. Strassburg, M. Manns, J. Wedemeyer, T. Lankisch
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients (SSC – CIP) is an underdiagnosed emerging disease. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical features and prognostic factors for mortality in SSC – CIP. This retrospective study included 54 patients who were diagnosed via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after cardiothoracic surgery (n = 21), sepsis (n = 13), polytrauma (n = 11), and others (n = 9). In total, 33 patients who either died (n = 27) or needed liver transplantation (n = 6) were compared with surviving patients (n = 21). The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and need for renal replacement therapy were independent risk factors for mortality. Compared with ERCP, accuracy was 30 % for ultrasound and 36 % for liver biopsies. As a result of microbiological bile analysis, 28 % of patients required a change in antibiotic treatment. SSC – CIP is frequently a fatal disease. ERCP should be considered in selected patients to establish the diagnosis and hence provide useful clinical information.
Ophthalmopathy of Graves' Disease
Authors: Colum Gorman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Soft-tissue swelling that would be innocuous in many locations has serious effects where local anatomy confines the swelling tissues within an inexpansible space. The anterior-tibial-compartment and carpal-tunnel syndromes are good examples of such conditions. The severe ophthalmopathy of Graves' disease is another.The orbit may be thought of as a bony cup open only to the front, where its orifice is occluded by the eye. The space behind the eye is occupied mostly by extraocular muscles and fat. Through it run arteries, veins, and the optic nerve.In Graves' disease a still unidentified pathogen or its mediator induces swelling, lymphocytic . . .
Phase Abnormalities in Right Heart Studies Demonstration of Six Different Patterns
Authors: R H BAHAR, H M ABDEL-DAYEM, G ZlADA, A R AL-SUHALI, C CONSTANTINIDES, K M NAIR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Phase imaging abnormalities of the right side of the heart detected on multiple gated blood pool angiography (MUGA) have received less attention than similar abnormalities of the left ventricle. It has been found that certain different patterns of phase abnormalities of both right ventricle and right atrium are useful in the detection of six pathological conditions: right bundle branch block, ischemic right coronary artery disease, pericardial effusion, tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, and atrial septal defect. The authors emphasize the importance of these abnormal phase patterns during interpretation of gated cardiac studies, as they are helpful in directing the physicians attention towards the proper diagnosis.