tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PAINFUL MUSCULAR SPASMS AFTER FRACTURE PERFECTLY CONTROLLED BY SULFONAL.
Authors: EDMUND ANDREWS
Journal: JAMA (1889)

The ordinary anodynes and antispasmodics do not give us full satisfaction in the muscular spasms following fractures. It is true that they help somewhat, yet even under the influence of morphine the patient, though quiet when awake, is aroused from his sleep by repeated painful contractions, which continue for days to be a serious source of distress. In three such cases I have given sulfonal in doses of 15 grs., repeated if necessary, say once in four to six hours. In each case the medicine has stopped the spasmodic twitches completely, giving the patient a wonderful relief. If further experience confirms this result, sulfonal will be a great boon to surgeons and to their patients. There are other varieties of reflex spasm which may perhaps be relieved by the same remedy. For instance, in hip disease, the inflamed head of the femur provokes frequent nocturnal spasms of the adjacent muscles,
HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY
Authors: P.-O. BARR, WERA ENFORS, GUNNEL ERIKSSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY Get access P.‐O. BARR, P.‐O. BARR Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WERA ENFORS, WERA ENFORS Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GUNNEL ERIKSSON GUNNEL ERIKSSON Department of Central Anaesthesia, Karolinska Sjukhuset, and Department of Dermatology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 6, 1 June 1972, Pages 631–635, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05080.x Published: 01 June 1972 Article history Accepted: 18 January 1972 Published: 01 June 1972
Randomized Trial Evaluating Ranibizumab Plus Prompt or Deferred Laser or Triamcinolone Plus Prompt Laser for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Michael J. Elman, Lloyd Paul Aiello, Roy W. Beck, Neil M. Bressler, Susan B. Bressler, Allison R. Edwards, Frederick L. Ferris, Scott M. Friedman, Adam R. Glassman, Kellee M. Miller, Ingrid U. Scott, Cynthia R. Stockdale, Jennifer K. Sun
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I—converting enzyme gene in patients with hypertension, non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease in Taiwan
Authors: L.M. Chuang, K.C. Chiu, F.T. Chiang, K.C. Lee, H.R. Wu, B.J. Lin, T.Y. Tai
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid factor in women: evidence for a secular decline.
Authors: T D Spector, D J Hart, R J Powell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the current prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and rheumatoid factor positivity in the United Kingdom middle aged female population and to compare this with previous estimates to assess whether the disease is becoming less prevalent. METHODS--A cross sectional prevalence study was undertaken. All women aged 45-64 from the age and sex register of a large 11,000 general practitioner group practice in Chingford, East London were contacted and responders examined clinically and radiographically for the presence of RA by a single observer. Blood was also taken for rheumatoid factor testing (sheep cell agglutination test (SCAT), latex, and IgG). The prevalence in non-attenders was assessed from general practitioner and local hospital records. A diagnosis of definite or classical RA according to 1958 American Rheumatism Association criteria was used, and seropositivity was defined by a SCAT rheumatoid factor of 1/32 or more. RESULTS--From the 1003 women examined (response rate of 78.8%), 12 women had definite RA (1.2%, 95% confidence interval 0.6 to 1.8). Of these, 7/12 had definite erosive changes on radiography and 3/12 had a positive SCAT (&gt; 1/32). Three cases of RA were also found in the 284 non-responders (prevalence 1.1%) by case-finding techniques. The rate of SCAT positivity in the whole study group was 0.5%. The rates of RA and SCAT positivity currently found in this group were less than those obtained in previous surveys. In the only previous large scale United Kingdom survey, performed in the north of England between 1958 and 1960, 406 women aged 45-64 were examined and 10 cases of definite RA were found, a prevalence of 2.5%. In the patients with RA 68% had erosions and 63% positive SCAT. The population SCAT positive rate in this and other surveys sampled between 1954 and 1961 was in the range of 4-5%, since when there has been a progressive decline according to a number of other studies. CONCLUSIONS--The prevalence of RA and rheumatoid factor in middle aged women is lower than previously believed and supports a variety of other data which indicate that RA is declining in incidence and severity.
Peptide Hormone-Induced Receptor Mobility, Aggregation, and Internalization
Authors: A. Christie King, Pedro Cuatrecasas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

ONE of the basic challenges facing modern biomedical research is the understanding of how hormones produce chemical signals that cause alterations in cellular metabolism. Peptide hormones induce a host of responses in their target tissues through selective interactions with cell-surface receptors.1 Some of these responses occur immediately, but others are considerably delayed. Even though many of these metabolic changes may arise concomitantly, all responses have a rigorous temporal orientation with respect to others. To date, it has remained elusive how any single peptide hormone can regulate such diverse types of responses and how temporal control of these responses is mediated. . . .
Importance of metabolic inhibition and cellular pH in mediating preconditioning contractile and metabolic effects in rat hearts.
Authors: C P de Albuquerque, G Gerstenblith, R G Weiss
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The pathophysiological mechanisms by which brief periods of flow interruption before a prolonged ischemic period, ischemic preconditioning (IPC), increase myocardial tolerance to ischemia and improve myocardial function during reperfusion are not completely understood. To test whether short periods of metabolic inhibition in the absence of a flow reduction induce similar protective effects, we studied cardiac function and metabolism using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in isolated isovolumic rat hearts. Fifteen hearts underwent IPC, consisting of two 5-minute ischemia-reperfusion cycles (IPC group); 18 hearts underwent brief metabolic inhibition by exposure to two 5-minute infusions of 10 mmol/L sodium cyanide (CN group); and 15 hearts served as controls. Subsequently all hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of total global ischemia at 37 degrees C followed by reperfusion. At the end of the ischemic period, creatine phosphate and ATP levels did not differ among the groups. Cellular pH, however, plateaued at a higher level in the CN group (6.51 +/- 0.03) and IPC group (6.12 +/- 0.06) than in the control group (5.84 +/- 0.01, P &lt; .001). IPC and CN hearts had better functional and metabolic recovery than the control hearts. Improved contractile recovery correlated with coronary flow rates at reperfusion (r = .7, P &lt; .001) and with pHi values at 30 minutes of ischemia (r = .8, P &lt; .001) but not with increased ATP levels during ischemia. Additional control hearts were reperfused at 15 mL/min so as to match the flow rates of IPC and CN groups, but this did not result in improved performance. To test the hypothesis that the preconditioning effect was related to pHi during ischemia, additional IPC and CN hearts underwent the same preconditioning protocol, except that the cellular pH at the end of the ischemic period was lowered by the use of hypercarbic superfusion during ischemia or by the use of bicarbonate-free perfusate just before sustained ischemia. Both of these interventions resulted in significantly lower contractile and metabolic recoveries than those observed in other IPC and CN hearts. Therefore, the preconditioning effect does not require reduced coronary flow but can be effectively elicited by metabolic inhibition per se in this model. The protective effect is not dependent on preservation of global myocardial energy stores but, rather, on reduced acidosis during the prolonged ischemic period.
Adrenocortical activity with repeated twice daily dosing of fluticasone propionate and budesonide given via a large volume spacer to asthmatic school children
Authors: B. J. Lipworth, D. J. Clark, L. C. McFarlane
Journal: Thorax (1997)

BACKGROUND: In a previous single dosing study in asthmatic school children fluticasone propionate produced significantly greater suppression of overnight urinary cortisol excretion than budesonide at high doses of 800 micrograms/day or greater. The aim of this study was to assess whether conventional lower doses of both drugs cause adrenal suppression when given at steady state twice daily by large volume spacer on a microgram equivalent basis in asthmatic school children. METHODS: Eight school children of mean age 12.1 years with stable asthma of mild to moderate severity (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 78.6% predicted, mid forced expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75) 72.5% predicted), on 400 micrograms/day or less of inhaled corticosteroid, were studied in a single blind (investigator blind), placebo controlled, crossover design comparing inhaled budesonide and fluticasone propionate 100 micrograms bid and 200 micrograms bid. Each dose was given at 08.00 hours and 20.00 hours for four days by metered dose inhaler via their respective large volume spacers with mouth rinsing. Measurements were made of overnight urinary cortisol and creatinine excretion after the eighth dose. RESULTS: Neither drug produced significant suppression of overnight urinary cortisol or cortisol/creatinine excretion compared with pooled placebo and there were no differences between the drugs. Only one subject with each drug at 200 micrograms twice daily had abnormally low urinary cortisol excretion of &lt; 10 nmol/12 hours. Ratios for the fold difference between active treatment versus placebo for urinary cortisol excretion were (as means and 95% confidence intervals for difference): budesonide 100 micrograms b.i.d 1.03 (95% CI 0.46 to 1.61), budesonide 200 micrograms b.i.d 1.04 (95% CI 0.62 to 1.46); fluticasone 100 micrograms b.i.d 1.11 (0.45 to 1.77), fluticasone 200 micrograms b.i.d 1.12 (0.78 to 1.47). Likewise, there were no significant differences in overnight urinary cortisol/creatinine excretion. CONCLUSIONS: With repeated twice daily administration at steady state across a dose range of 200-400 micrograms/day no evidence of significant adrenal suppression was found using the sensitive marker of overnight urinary cortisol excretion for either fluticasone propionate or budesonide given via a large volume spacer. These results emphasise the good safety profile in children of these inhaled steroids at conventional dose levels, which have proven antiasthmatic efficacy.
FRI0164 Predictors of loss of clinical remission with etanercept 50 mg, 25 mg or placebo combined with methotrexate in moderate rheumatoid arthritis patients: Results of the preserve trial:
Authors: J.S. Smolen, A. Szumski, A.S. Koenig, T.V. Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Achievement of clinical remission is an essential target for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<sup>1</sup> However, once remission is achieved, rheumatologists face the challenge of maintaining it while considering means to limit dosages and duration of treatments. Yet, little information is available about factors predictive of loss of remission when decreasing or stopping therapies.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess demographic/disease characteristics that may predict loss of remission in pts with moderately active RA who continued etanercept (ETN) 50 mg QW+methotrexate (MTX; E50/M), reduced ETN from 50 mg to 25 mg QW+MTX (E25/M), or replaced ETN with placebo+MTX (P/M) over 52 wks after induction of initial response. <h3>Methods</h3> Pts with moderately active RA (3.236 wks of open-label E50/M (Period 1 [P1]) were randomized to double-blind treatment with E50/M, E25/M, or P/M for 52 wks (Period 2 [P2]; N=604). In pts who achieved DAS28 remission (DAS28 &lt;2.6) at wk 36, analyses of predictors for loss of remission included P1 baseline demographic/disease characteristics, P2 baseline disease characteristics, and P1 remission duration, adjusted for wk 36 DAS28. Cox proportional hazards modeling was conducted; given previously reported P2 finding of superior remission rates with E50/M or E25/M vs P/M, separate models were used for each treatment group. <h3>Results</h3> Failing to achieve a sustained remission in P1 was the strongest predictor of loss of remission in P2 in each treatment group, with hazard ratios [95% CI] of: E50/M, 2.19 [1.37–3.51]; E25/M, 2.45 [1.41–4.25]; P/M, 1.67 [1.13–2.47]). Mean wk 36 DAS28 was also a predictor of loss of remission. Further analysis showed that in all treatment groups, pts who achieved DAS28 remission only at wks 28 and 36 or only at wk 36, vs at wks 12, 20, 28, and 36, were significantly more likely to lose DAS28 remission through wk 88 (table). At wk 88, 29%, 34%, and 65% in the E50/M, E25/M, and P/M groups lost DAS28 remission (LOCF). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Failure to achieve sustained remission over wks 12-36 of P1 was consistently associated with loss of remission through wk 88 with all treatment regimens. Loss of remission occurred at wk 88 in approximately one-third of patients in the full- and reduced-dose etanercept-MTX groups and two-thirds in the MTX-only group. Further analyses will explore relationships between changes in acute phase reactants/joint counts during P2 and loss of remission. <h3>References</h3> Ann Rheum Dis. 2010; 69:631. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10:208. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Smolen Grant/Research support from: Pfizer Inc, Consultant for: Pfizer Inc, A. Szumski Employee of: Pfizer Inc, A. Koenig Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc, T. Jones Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc
Incidence and Consequences of Breast Artifacts in Radionuclide Cardiac Studies
Authors: CAROLE MEYER-PAVEL, J KAREN CLARK, DAN G. PAVEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

A retrospective evaluation was done on 426 radionuclide cardiac studies performed on female patients at our institution from January through September, 1980. These procedures included pyrophosphate (PYP) myocardial scans, resting and exercise TI-201 studies, and gated equilibrium studies. The purpose of this evaluation was to document the incidence and possible consequences of breast artifacts in various cardiac procedures. We found the incidence to range from 30 to 50% of the studies performed, and both the incidence and type of artifact encountered varied with the type of procedure performed. Furthermore, 13 to 35% of patients had artifacts directly overlying the myocardium. The possible consequences, including potential misdiagnosis, interference with computer derived quantitative parameters, and the technical maneuvers necessary to avoid or alleviate these problems are discussed.
Site of action of serum factors that block delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice.
Authors: P H Lagrange, G B Mackaness
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

When mice have been rendered anergic by a large intravenous dose of sheep erythrocytes, their inability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction is not due to an absence of mediator cells, for these can be detected in the spleen by cell transfer. Nor is it due to disappearance of accessory cells (monocytes) from circulation. The serum of anergic mice contains blocking factors which are more abundant after absorption with antigen. Such factors are unable to inactivate the mediators of DTH in vitro, nor do they suppress a DTH reaction when introduced locally into the reaction site. They are active, however, when given intravenously to systemically sensitized mice, provided that the sensitized animal has an intact spleen. If the spleen has been removed or the recipients of sensitized cells have been treated with cyclophosphamide before cell transfer, blocking factors are no longer able to suppress a DTH reaction. Reasons are given for the belief that suppression of DTH in animals undergoing a vigorous antibody response is due to the diversion of reactive cells from circulation to undertake an alternative role in antibody formation in the spleen.
Isolation of a candidate gene for Norrie disease by positional cloning
Authors: W. Berger, A. Meindl, T.J.R. van de Pol, F.P.M. Cremers, H.H. Ropers, C. Döerner, A. Monaco, A.A.B. Bergen, R. Lebo, M. Warburg, L. Zergollern, B. Lorenz, A. Gal, E.M. Bleeker-Wagemakers, T. Meitinger
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Associated With Air Travel
Authors: Cynthia R. Driver
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To investigate potential transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in aircraft from a crew member with tuberculosis.Retrospective cohort study and survey.A large US airline carrier.A total of 212 crew members and 59 passengers who were exposed to a crew member with tuberculosis during a potentially infectious period (May through October 1992). Comparison volunteer sample of 247 unexposed crew members.Positive tuberculin skin test (TST) result or tuberculosis.Rates of positive TST results were higher among foreign-born persons in all study groups. Among US-born comparisons and contacts, rates of positive TST results did not differ between comparisons and contacts exposed from May through July (5.3% vs 5.9%, respectively). However, contacts exposed from August through October had significantly higher rates of positive TST results than did contacts exposed from May through July (30% vs 5.8%, respectively; P < .001); two had documented TST conversions between September 1992 and February 1993. The risk of infection increased with increasing hours of exposure to the index case. Four (6.7%) of 59 frequent flyers were TST-positive; all flew in October.Data support the conclusion that M tuberculosis was transmitted from an infectious crew member to other crew members on an aircraft. Because of the clustering of TST-positive frequent flyers in October when the index patient was most infectious, transmission of M tuberculosis to passengers cannot be excluded.
Classification of Patient Care
Authors: Richard J. Reitemeier, Richard W. Vilter, Monte Malach, Joseph E. Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1979Classification of Patient CareRICHARD J. REITEMEIER, M.D., RICHARD W. VILTER, M.D., MONTE MALACH, M.D., JOSEPH E. JOHNSON III, M.D.RICHARD J. REITEMEIER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD W. VILTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MONTE MALACH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH E. JOHNSON III, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-6-924 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Mendenhall and associates titled "A National Study of Internal Medicine and Its Specialties: Primary Care in Internal Medicine" (Ann Intern Med 1979;91:275-87) classifies care encounters into first, episodic, principal, specialized (or limited), and consultative. This is a valuable and carefully performed study which provides much real and valuable data for the examination of manpower issues. The categories of care, however, raise problems since they are not separately or in combination precisely congruent with existing definitions of primary care.In their study "principal care" may be equated with the more widely accepted term primary care....References1. Position papers on the internist and primary care. Bull Am Coll Physicians. 1976;17:2-11. Google Scholar2. Primary care: toward a universal definition. Internist. March 1976;6. Google Scholar1. MENDENHALLTARLOVGIRARDMICHELRADECKI RARJS. A national study of internal medicine and its specialties: II. Primary care in internal medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:275-87. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MENDENHALLLEWISDEFLORIOGIRARD RCGR. A national study of medical and surgical specialties: III. An empirical approach to the classification of patient care. JAMA. 1979;241:2180-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. . Primary Care in Medicine: A Definition. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences; 1977. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1979Volume 91, Issue 6Page: 924-925KeywordsPatients Issue Published: 1 December 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
FURTHER EXPERIENCES OF TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS INCRIMINATING ALLOPURINOL, PYRAZOLONE AND DERIVATIVES
Authors: J. D. STRATIGOS, St.K. BARTSOKAS, J. CAPETANAKIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Four cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, confirmed by skin biopsy, are described. The first case was due to allopurinol. The second case was caused by a pyrazolone derivative in a patient who, 15 days previously, had developed an urticarial exanthem from tetanus antitoxin. In these 2 fatal cases Stevens–Johnson syndrome coexisted. In the remaining cases toxic epidermal necrolysis occurred alone and recovery was uneventful.
The chemokine SDF-1 activates the integrins LFA-1, VLA-4, and VLA-5 on immature human CD34+ cells: role in transendothelial/stromal migration and engraftment of NOD/SCID mice
Authors: Amnon Peled, Orit Kollet, Tanya Ponomaryov, Isabelle Petit, Suzanna Franitza, Valentin Grabovsky, Michal Magid Slav, Arnon Nagler, Ofer Lider, Ronen Alon, Dov Zipori, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2000)
Intermittent haemodialysis: insertion and care of the silastic-teflon cannula.
Authors: G. J. Clunie, A. M. Martin, B. Nolan
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Diazepam-Parsonage and NorrisIt is concluded that intravenous diazepam therapy has a useful and important part to play in the treatment of severe convulsive status epilepticus.We would like to acknowledge our indebtedness to Roche Products Limited for financial assistance and to Dr.
The reeler gene encodes a protein with an EGF–like motif expressed by pioneer neurons
Authors: S. Hirotsune, T. Takahara, N. Sasaki, K. Hirose, A. Yoshiki, T. Ohashi, M. Kusakabe, Y. Murakami, M. Muramatsu, S. Watanabe, K. Nakao, M. Katsuki, Y. Hayashizaki
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Industrial injury benefit for occupational asthma in north east of England
Authors: S C Stenton, P S Sandhu, D J Hendrick
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Occupational asthma is the commonest occupational lung disease in the United Kingdom, with an estimated 1000 cases identified annually.1 Industrial injury benefit has been available since 1981 for asthma caused by several defined agents, and since October 1991 benefit has been available whatever the cause, provided that the diagnosis of occupational asthma has been established to the satisfaction of an adjudicating officer of the benefits agency.2 We reviewed the data on all claimants presenting to the Newcastle office of the Benefits Agency Medical Service over a one year period after the October 1991 revision of the regulations. We paid particular attention to the interaction of this service with the other medical services in the region.

Overall, 205 subjects (180 men) claimed benefit for occupational asthma over the study years. Their median age was 54 …