tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity during intravenous administration of lidocaine.
Authors: B D Miller, M D Thames, A L Mark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

The antiarrhythmic action of lidocaine has been attributed solely to its direct electrophysiological effects on the heart. However, lidocaine is particularly effective in treating ventricular arrhythmias associated with increased sympathetic activity, e.g., in myocardial infarction and digitalis toxicity. We tested the hypothesis that lidocaine administered intravenously depressed cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA). We measured CSNA in six dogs in control state and after lidocaine in doses of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/kg i.v. over 2 min. These doses of lidocaine produced graded decreases of CSNA of -8 +/- 2, -18 +/- 1, and -41 +/- 5%, respectively (P less than 0.05, mean +/- SE). In six additional experiments the bolus of lidocaine was followed by an infusion for 20 min (1.25 mg/kg followed by 100 micrograms/kg per min and 2.5 mg/kg followed by 200 micrograms/kg per min). Infusion of lidocaine maintained depression of CSNA at a level that was 23 +/- 3 and 35 +/- 5% less than control (P less than 0.05), respectively, at plasma lidocaine levels of 5.2 +/- 0.6 and 7.5 +/- 1.4 micrograms/ml, respectively. CSNA returned to control during recovery periods. CSNA did not decrease with the passage of time or administration of vehicle. In five dogs with vagi intact, carotid sinuses isolated and held at a pressure of 100 mmHg, and aortic baroreceptors denervated, administration of lidocaine (2.5 mg/kg followed by 200 micrograms/kg per min) decreased renal nerve activity to 71 +/- 8% of control. Increases in left ventricular systolic pressure and maximum derivative of pressure with respect to time (dP/dtmax) resulting from electrical stimulation of preganglionic sympathetic nerves were not significantly altered by lidocaine, but were markedly attenuated by hexamethonium, a ganglionic blocker. In conclusion, lidocaine administered intravenously produces dose-dependent and sustained decreases in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity. These decreases can occur with therapeutic plasma levels. We speculate that this effect is due to central nervous system effects of the drug and that this effect may contribute to the antiarrhythmic actions of lidocaine.
The End of Medical Dominance? — Great Characters — A Blow to Golf
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

I WAS traveling recently with a medical colleague who had been involved in negotiations with representatives of the trade unions whose members had been engaged in disruptive activities in his hospital as part of their campaign to eliminate private practice from the National Health Service (NHS). When I deplored the deterioration in the friendly atmosphere traditionally associated with hospitals that such action reflected, and remarked that I had always enjoyed good personal relations with all members of my hospital staff, whether nurses, porters, technicians or ancillaries, and that I respected them and hoped that they respected me, he replied that . . .
TCT-435 Comparison of endothelialization and inflammation between thin- and thick-strut contemporary bioerodable polymer drug-eluting stents and thick-strut fully resorbable scaffolds in the rabbit iliac artery at 14 and 28 days
Authors: Kazuyuki Yahagi, Qi Cheng, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Kenichi Sakakura, OSCAR D. SANCHEZ, Julia Feygin, Renu Virmani, Michael Joner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Halogenated Thymidine Analogues Restore the Expression of Silenced Genes without Demethylation
Authors: Jun Fan, Ei-ichi Kodama, Yasuhiro Koh, Mitsuyoshi Nakao, Masao Matsuoka
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes by aberrant DNA methylation is a characteristic frequently observed in cancer cells. Therefore, reversing this process is a therapeutic target against cancer. In this study, we established a screening system for silencing inhibitors with cell lines transfected by a retroviral vector containing a luciferase gene. More than 100 nucleosides were tested for antisilencing activity with a selected clone in which the silenced expression of luciferase could be recovered by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. A group of halogenated thymidine analogues was found to reactivate transcription of not only the reporter retrovirus vector but also endogenous glutathione-S-transferase 1 gene, without influence to DNA hypermethylation. Gel mobility shift assay showed that 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) or 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation did not affect the binding of the methyl-CpG binding protein motif to methylated DNA. Finally, in the retroviral promoter, BrdUrd treatment increased the acetylated histone H3 level and decreased methylation of histone H3 Lys9 in accordance with recovered transcription. This study shows that halogenated thymidines have an antisilencing effect without changing DNA methylation status by interfering with step(s) between DNA methylation and histone acetylation.
A patient with bronchiectasis presented with progressive dyspnoea and an unresolved right lower lung infiltrate
Authors: P-Y Lin, C-J Yu, M Yao, S-C Ku, L-N Lee, P-C Yang
Journal: Thorax (2008)

A 71-year-old female non-smoker had bronchiectasis with productive cough for decades. Two months prior to this admission, she developed dyspnoea on exertion with more severe cough than before. There was no associated fever, night sweats, poor appetite or weight loss. Chest radiography displayed diffuse bronchiectatic changes on the bilateral airways, with multiple ill defined infiltrates and …
How Cost Sharing Reduced Medical Spending of Participants in the Health Insurance Experiment
Authors: Emmett B. Keeler
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In a controlled trial of the effects of medical insurance on spending and health status, much less was spent on medical care when patients had to pay for it themselves. They economized by being less prone to seek treatment or be hospitalized for their illnesses. The average cost per hospitalization and per ambulatory episode was the same for all insurance plans. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2220-2222)
Link with hypernatraemic dehydration in gastroenteritis
Authors: K. J. Lidefelt, J. Giesecke, H. Overodder, M. Brytting, T. Casswall, C. Marcus
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Each year many small children fall ill with viral gastroenteritis, most often caused by rotavirus. Hypernatraemic dehydration (serum sodium ≥150 mmol/l) may ensue, which can cause hypovolaemic shock, seizures, and death. Oral or enteral fluid rehydration, or both, with a balanced sodium-glucose oral rehydration solution is recommended firstline treatment of gastroenteritis at home and in hospital.1 2

In January 2010 we observed that several initially normonatraemic infants developed increased stool losses and hypernatraemic dehydration during ongoing enteral (nasogastric …
A Tecpr1-Dependent Selective Autophagy Pathway Targets Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Michinaga Ogawa, Yuko Yoshikawa, Taira Kobayashi, Hitomi Mimuro, Makoto Fukumatsu, Kotaro Kiga, Zhenzi Piao, Hiroshi Ashida, Mitsutaka Yoshida, Shigeru Kakuta, Tomohiro Koyama, Yoshiyuki Goto, Takahiro Nagatake, Shinya Nagai, Hiroshi Kiyono, Magdalena Kawalec, Jean-Marc Reichhart, Chihiro Sasakawa
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Physicians Who Have Lost Their Malpractice Insurance
Authors: William B. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The present study analyzes demographic data on 920 physicians who lost their coverage and applied to a "surplus-lines" company that insures essentially all applicants. Our analysis reveals that (1) some specialties are heavily overrepresented in the surplus-lines pool, (2) physicians aged 45 to 54 years are also overrepresented, (3) board certification is seen as frequently in the surplus-lines group as in the US physician population, and (4) the percentage of foreign medical graduates in the surplus-lines pool is virtually the same as that in the US physician population. A model of the actuarial process by which claims data can lead to termination of standard coverage suggests that disproportionate representation of high-risk specialties is not simply a function of a high average claims rate. We also show that, in contrast to joint underwriting associations, surplus-lines companies impose high premiums, large deductibles, and restrictions on practice, all of which are likely to reduce the frequency of negligent behavior.
Progressive Sensory Loss One Year After Bullet Injury of Spinal Cord
Authors: Henry E. Nino, Ilo E. Leppik, Chi Wan Lai, Steven Martin
Journal: JAMA (1978)

REAPPEARANCE of neurological deficit in a patient who has recovered from spinal cord trauma is unusual.<sup>1,2</sup>We saw a patient in whom numbness and weakness of the right leg developed one year after she recovered from an indirect bullet injury to the conus medullaris and cauda equina. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 29-year-old woman sustained a selfinflicted,.38-caliber gunshot wound to the abdomen. There was no exit wound, and roentgenograms proved that the bullet was lodged near L-1. She had loss of sensation below T-10 and was unable to move her legs. An emergency laparotomy and Whipple procedure were performed. The bullet had passed through the head of the pancreas, between the aorta and inferior vena cava, and lodged in the paraspinal muscle mass. Her recovery from the laparotomy was uneventful. She was able to move her left leg a few days after the injury, but her right leg remained
Influenza-Associated Morbidity and Mortality in Young and Middle-Aged Women
Authors: Kathleen Maletic Neuzil, George W. Reed, Edward F. Mitchel, Jr, Marie R. Griffin
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextData are limited on rates of influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths among adults younger than 65 years.ObjectiveTo quantify serious morbidity and mortality from influenza for women younger than 65 years with and without certain chronic medical conditions, including human immunodeficiency virus infection.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and PopulationWomen aged 15 to 64 years enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid program from 1974 to 1993.Main Outcome MeasureAll hospitalizations for and deaths from pneumonia, influenza, and other selected acute cardiopulmonary conditions for women with and without selected chronic medical conditions during 19 consecutive years. Influenza-attributable risk was calculated by subtracting event rates during peri-influenza season (November through April of each year when influenza virus was not circulating) from adjusted rates during influenza season (November through April when influenza virus was circulating).ResultsDuring the 19 years of the study, we identified 53,607 acute cardiopulmonary hospitalizations and deaths. Rates of such events were consistently higher during influenza seasons than peri-influenza seasons. Among high-risk women, the estimated annual excess was 23 hospitalizations and deaths per 10,000 women aged 15 to 44 years and 58 such events per 10,000 women aged 45 to 64 years. The estimated annual excess mortality due to influenza was 2 deaths per 10,000 high-risk women for both age groups combined. Among women with no identified high-risk conditions, estimated annual excess hospitalizations and deaths were 4 and 6 per 10,000 women aged 15 to 44 and 45 to 64 years, respectively.ConclusionsWomen younger than 65 years with certain chronic medical conditions experience substantial morbidity and mortality from acute cardiopulmonary events during influenza season. More effective targeting of these populations for annual influenza immunization is warranted.
Experience with a Paramedic Mobile Intensive Care Unit.
Authors: A. James Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Experience with a Paramedic Mobile Intensive Care Unit.A. James Lewis, M.D., Alan J. Hermer, M.D., Carol Bebout, R.N., J. Michael Criley, M.D.A. James Lewis, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Alan J. Hermer, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Carol Bebout, R.N.Search for more papers by this author, J. Michael Criley, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-836_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA unique concept in mobile intensive care utilizing specifically trained firemen-paramedics has been in operation since December 1969. Each paramedic has received 180 hr of combined classroom and bedside instruction in both cardiac and noncardiac emergencies and was trained in actual field operation under direct supervision of an experienced coronary care unit nurse. Under recent California state legislation, this unit now operates from conventional fire rescue vehicles under the radiotelemetric supervision of a physician on the coronary care unit. Paramedics are permitted to defibrillate, start intravenous solutions, and administer cardiac drugs. Continual tape recording of all data is made for... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Torrance, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 836-836KeywordsAllied health care professionalsCardiac care unitDrugsIntensive care unitsLegislationNurses Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mupirocin Prophylaxis against Nosocomial <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infections in Nonsurgical Patients
Authors: Heiman F.L. Wertheim, Margreet C. Vos, Alewijn Ott, Andreas Voss, Jan A.J.W. Kluytmans, Christina M.J.E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls, Marlene H.M. Meester, Peter H.J. van Keulen, Henri A. Verbrugh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a major risk factor for nosocomial S. aureus infection. Studies show that intranasal mupirocin can prevent nosocomial surgical site infections. No data are available on the efficacy of mupirocin in nonsurgical patients. Objective: To assess the efficacy of mupirocin prophylaxis in preventing nosocomial S. aureus infections in nonsurgical patients. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: 3 tertiary care academic hospitals and 1 nonacademic hospital. Patients: 1602 culture-proven S. aureus carriers hospitalized in nonsurgical departments. Intervention: Therapy with mupirocin 2% nasal ointment (n = 793) or placebo ointment (n = 809), twice daily for 5 days, started 1 to 3 days after admission. Measurements: Nosocomial S. aureus infections according to defined criteria, in-hospital mortality, duration of hospitalization, and time to nosocomial S. aureus infection. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were genotyped to assess whether infection was caused by endogenous strains. Results: The mupirocin and placebo groups did not statistically differ in the rates of nosocomial S. aureus infections (mupirocin, 2.6%; placebo, 2.8%; risk difference, 0.2 percentage point [95% CI, −1.5 to 1.9 percentage points]), mortality (mupirocin, 3.0%; placebo, 2.8%; risk difference, −0.2 percentage point [CI, −1.9 to 1.5 percentage points]), or duration of hospitalization (median for both, 8 days). However, time to nosocomial S. aureus infection was decreased in the mupirocin group from 12 to 25 days (P > 0.2). A total of 77% of S. aureus nosocomial infections were endogenous. Limitations: A few infections in both groups may have been missed because investigators assessed a patient for infection only if microbiology culture results were positive for S. aureus. Conclusion: Routine culture for S. aureus nasal carriage at admission and subsequent mupirocin application does not provide effective prophylaxis against nosocomial S. aureus infections in nonsurgical patients.
Pharmacology of adapalene
Authors: None MichelL, None Jomard, None Démarchez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Adapalene, a synthetic retinoid, is a new drug proposed for the treatment of acne patients. Studies on the in vitro and in vivo pharmacology of adapalene have shown that it is very active on cell and tissue proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, adapalene has anti-inflammatory potential as determined by its anti-AP1 activity. Adapalene interacts selectively with the nuclear receptors RAR beta and RAR gamma, and its activity on proliferation and differentiation can be blocked by a RAR beta-gamma antagonist. Because RAR beta is not expressed in human keratinocytes, the effect of adapalene on the major cell type of the epidermis is certainly mediated by its interaction with RAR gamma. The unique pharmacological properties of adapalene may explain why, when compared to tretinoin, it has an improved therapeutic ratio due to its better tolerance.
1182 DOES SCREENING FOR HEPATITIS C RESULT IN EARLY DETECTION OF DISEASE AND OFFER EARLY VIRAL ERADICATION?
Authors: M. Sharma, S.A. Kaabi, N.A. Dweik, A. John, K. Matar, M.A. Mohannadi, M.F. Derbala, R. Yacoub, F. Pasic, M.T. Butt, R. Singh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
1082-186 Reduced inflammation and neovascularization and increased fibrous cap thickness in advanced aortic atherosclerotic plaques from cigarette smokers
Authors: K.Raman Purushothaman, Dario Echeverri, William N O'Connor, Juan J Badimon, Samin K Sharma, Valentin Fuster, Pedro R Moreno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Influenza pandemics and avian flu
Authors: Douglas Fleming
Journal: BMJ (2005)

is general practitioner in a large suburban practice in Birmingham.In this article he seeks to clarify clinical issues relating to potential pandemics of influenza, including avian influenzaThe word pandemic is used to describe a disease that is epidemic throughout the world at more or less the same time.The other criterion for defining a pandemic relates to the causative virus.A pandemic occurs when a completely new virus emerges-a virus that shows a more radical change (antigenic shift) than the change occurring continuously in influenza viruses (antigenic drift) and which is generally associated with more severe illness.Britain is used to experiencing flu in most winters, but these outbreaks are not pandemics because they are not consistently present in all countries at the same time and not caused by new virus.
MESENTERIC VASCULAR OCCLUSION WITH RECOVERY
Authors: JOHN R. GREEN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The high mortality rate encountered in cases of occlusion of a large branch of the superior mesenteric vessels whether by embolism or thrombosis has made surgical treatment appear futile. Bassler<sup>1</sup>quotes Cabot as saying, "Surgery has little or no business here." Thrombosis treated surgically, is believed to be more fatal than embolism, because of its progressive nature tending to involve the entire superior mesenteric artery or veins and produce certain death. Most of the cases that have ended in recovery have been cases in which operation has been done early, but under the most favorable conditions a mortality rate approximating 90 per cent is the best that has been reported. The patient here described was operated on four days after the onset of symptoms. A late diagnosis in an abdominal disaster is never a source of pride. A large number of cases of mesenteric vascular occlusion will be diagnosed
Clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of hematogenous vertebral osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ki-Ho Park, Yong Pil Chong, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Mi Suk Lee, Jin-Yong Jeong, Jun Hee Woo, Yang Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Traumatic Occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery in a Child
Authors: JØRGEN THERKELSEN, N. HORNNES
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Arteriographically verified traumatic thrombosis of the internal carotid artery in the neck of a boy 2 years and 10 months old was treated by thrombectomy. A preoperative right hemiparesis subsided within 5 days after the operation. Postoperative arteriography proved restored circulation.
Eosinophilic Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis and Cryptococcal Meningitis
Authors: PAUL ANDERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1985Eosinophilic Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis and Cryptococcal MeningitisPAUL ANDERSON, M.D., Ph.D, JEFFREY MACKLIS, M.D., MYLES BROWN, M.D., DANIEL ORY, B.A.PAUL ANDERSON, M.D., Ph.D, JEFFREY MACKLIS, M.D., MYLES BROWN, M.D., DANIEL ORY, B.A.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-306_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Eosinophilic pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid is an unusual finding that is often indicative of a parasitic infection of the central nervous system (1). Nonhelminthic causes are rare but have been documented in meningitis due to Coccidioides immitis, Treponema pallidum, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1). The rarity of this laboratory finding may narrow the differential diagnosis in cryptic cases of central nervous system disease. We have recently seen a patient with well-documented cryptococcal meningitis who had a marked eosinophilic cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis that resolved with antifungal therapy.A 30-year-old woman with a long history of type II diabetes mellitus...References1. KUBERSKI T. Eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:70-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. STOCKSTILLKAUFFMAN MC. Comparison of cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis. Arch Neurol. 1983;40:81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEosinophilic MeningitisEosinophilic MeningitisEosinophilic MeningitisDiagnostic pitfalls in eosinophilic cryptococcal meningoencephalitisIdiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in Rottweiler dogs: three cases (1992–1997)Eosinophil-Cryptococcus neoformans interactions in vivo and in vitroCase Report: Neoplastic Meningitis with Eosinophilic Pleocytosis in Hodgkin's Disease: A Case with Cerebellar Dysfunction and a Review of the LiteraturePeripheral Eosinophilia in the Course of Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis. Periphere Eosinophilic während der Therapie einer Cryptococcus-MeningitisNeurocriptococose na infância: relato de três casos na primeira década de vidaReferencesOther Cells: The role of non-neutrophilic granulocytes, NK and NKT cells in fungal immunology 1 August 1985Volume 103, Issue 2Page: 306-307KeywordsAntifungalsCentral nervous systemCerebrospinal fluidCryptococcal meningitisLeukocytosisMeningitisMycobacterium tuberculosisParasitic diseasesResearch laboratoriesTreponema pallidum Issue Published: 1 August 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...