tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P599Previous exercise training reduces arterial pressure, adipose tissue and improves oxidative stress in a model of menopause
Authors: R K Palma, C Paixao, GL Shimojo, N Bernardes, CA Barboza, AB Lopes, K De Angelis, C Malfitano
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Exercise training is an important intervention non-pharmacological for attenuation of metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunctions triggered by the advent of menopause. However, it is not known whether previous exercise training intervention alters the physiological and medical complications of these. Thereby, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of previous exercise training (PT) on metabolic and hemodynamic parameters and oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: Female Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups (n=6 each): sedentary ovariectomized (SO) and previously trained ovariectomized (PTO). The PT was performed on a treadmill (5days per week/12week), in which were 4 weeks before ovariectomy and more 8 weeks after ovariectomy. Arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) were directly recorded. The parametrial and subcutaneous adipose tissues were removed and weighed after euthanasia. Oxidative stress was evaluated in left ventricle tissue by lipid peroxidation by chemiluminescence (QL), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) determinations.

Results: The previous exercise training induced reduction in AP (PTO: 115.55 ± 0.7 vs. SO: 120.31 ± 0.8 mmHg) and resting bradycardia (PTO: 331 ± 6 vs. SO: 366 ± 11 bpm). Body weight was not different between groups (PTO: 336 ± 4 vs. SO: 340 ± 14g). However, adipose tissue weight was reduced in the PTO group, both parametrial (1.8 ± 0.1g) and subcutaneous (2.26 ± 0.08g) when compared to the SO group (2.77 ± 0:16; 2.81 ± 0.07g, respectively). Lipid peroxidation was reduced in trained group in relation to sedentary group (1069 ± 110 vs. 2935±231 cps/mg protein) and the antioxidant enzyme activities, CAT (PTO: 0.87±0.06 vs. SO: 0.51±0.07 nmol/mg protein) and SOD (PCO: 24.57±1.35 vs. OS: 18.18±1.16 USOD/mg protein), were higher in trained group.

Conclusion: The previous exercise training induced reduction in blood pressure and resting bradycardia, associated with reduced adipose tissue and improved oxidative profile on cardiac tissue in ovariectomized rats. These dates suggest a positive role of this non-pharmacological approach to prevent disarrangements triggered by ovarian hormones deprivation.
Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease after Alemtuzumab
Authors: Menna R. Clatworthy, Elizabeth F. Wallin, David R. Jayne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) is a humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, the administration of which causes profound B- and T-lymphocyte depletion. It is licensed for use in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and it is increasingly used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases (particularly multiple sclerosis) and as an induction agent in renal transplantation. Although alemtuzumab is a potent immunosuppressant, several groups have described the paradoxical occurrence of autoimmune disease after its use, including thyroid disease and cytopenias. We describe two patients in whom anti–glomerular basement membrane disease developed after treatment with alemtuzumab. Patient 1 was a 40-year-old white . . .
Diagnostic changes in plasma creatine kinase isoforms early after the onset of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: A S Jaffe, H Serota, A Grace, B E Sobel
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Conventional plasma isoenzyme and enzyme values usually are normal during the first few hours of acute myocardial infarction. Thus definitive diagnosis may be delayed. We have shown recently that infarction in dogs can be detected within 1 hr after coronary occlusion by analysis of relative activities of MM creatine kinase (CK) isoforms in plasma. Isoforms of MM CK evolve through posttranslational modifications in plasma of the form released from tissue (MMA) to MMB and MMC. In this study we quantified changes in isoform profiles in the first available plasma samples from patients with evolving myocardial infarction, from patients with angina, and from normal subjects. In the 26 control subjects, the ratio of MMA to MMC was 1.09 +/- 0.4 (SE) (range 0.31 to 3.1; upper limit of normal [defined as the mean plus 2 SD] 2.5). In the seven control patients with coronary artery disease, the ratio of MMA to MMC was 1.3 +/- 0.3 with a range of 0.5 to 2.5. In contrast, among the 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction, the ratio of MMA to MMC in the first available plasma sample averaged 14.6 +/- 4.5 (p less than .01 compared with both control groups). First available samples were obtained 3.9 +/- 0.4 hr after the onset of pain. In 24 of 28 patients (86%) the ratio of MMA to MMC was greater than 2.5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Non-Group A β-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection
Authors: Leo Galland
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The advice of your consultant, Paul Wehrle, MD (234:430, 1975) that non-group A β-hemolytic streptococci are not respiratory pathogens is probably incorrect. While there has been no evidence to link these organisms with acute rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis, there is considerable reason to suspect them of being primary respiratory pathogens. Glezen et al<sup>1</sup>found a 10.8% frequency of non-group A streptococci in the pharyngeal cultures of college students with sore throats and a 0.2% carrier rate in asymptomatic students. Nine of 42 students with non-group A streptococcal pharyngitis showed a rise in antistreptolysin O titer when paired sera were examined. No mention is made of the treatment these students received. Mogabgab<sup>2</sup>found a similarly high incidence of non-group A streptococcal pharyngitis in adults, and often found these organisms to be present in very high titer. I have reviewed the results of 300 consecutive throat cultures
Acute Myelosclerosis After Treatment for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: JAMES B. PUCKETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1980Acute Myelosclerosis After Treatment for Non-Hodgkin's LymphomaJAMES B. PUCKETT, M.D., M. ROBERT COOPER, M.D.JAMES B. PUCKETT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. ROBERT COOPER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-3-510_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Acute myelosclerosis is a rapidly fatal acute myeloproliferative disorder. Criteria for the diagnosis include acute onset of pancytopenia, bone marrow fibrosis, dysplasia and hyperplasia of all marrow cell lines, megakaryocyte prominence, minimal or absent nucleated and tear-drop erythrocytes and anisocytosis and poikilocytosis, and rare splenomegaly (1). We have recently seen a patient who developed acute myelosclerosis after successful treatment of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.A 54-year-old woman was found to have a diffuse mixed lymphocytic-histiocytic lymphoma of the stomach in June 1977. A partial gastrectomy with Billroth II anastomosis and splenectomy were done. No other evidence of lymphoma...References1. BEARMANPANGALISRAPPAPORT RGH. Acute ("malignant") myelosclerosis. Cancer. 1979;43:279-93 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bowman Gray School of Medicine Winston-Salem, NC 27103 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMyelodysplasia with fibrosis: a distinct entity?Myelofibrosis: A review of clinical and pathologic features and treatmentMyelofibrosis arising in treated histiocytosis XAcute Myelofibrosis Evolving into Acute Myeloblastic LeukemiaJAMES B. PUCKETT, M.D., M. ROBERT COOPER, M.D. 1 September 1980Volume 93, Issue 3Page: 510-510KeywordsBone marrowDysplasiaFibrosisGastrectomyLymphomaMegakaryocytesMyeloproliferative disordersSplenectomySplenomegalyStomach Issue Published: 1 September 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
MOZ-TIF2, but not BCR-ABL, confers properties of leukemic stem cells to committed murine hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Brian J.P. Huntly, Hirokazu Shigematsu, Kenji Deguchi, Benjamin H. Lee, Shinichi Mizuno, Nicky Duclos, Rebecca Rowan, Sonia Amaral, David Curley, Ifor R. Williams, Koichi Akashi, D.Gary Gilliland
Journal: Cancer Cell (2004)
The Health Planners and Computerized Tomography: High Technology, Cost Control, and Judicial Review
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

THE legal issues of health planning have not often been examined in this column. The regulatory aspects of control of the health-care industry have produced a shifting picture of health planning that is extremely difficult to describe at any given time, let alone to understand and critique. Some of the key questions have been somewhat settled through judicial review, so that observations can now be offered.In recent years, much of the public policy of the nation has been concentrated on cost containment and more particularly on the effect of technologic advances on the total cost of health-care services. The . . .
Reply to Kiril Trpkov, Asli Yilmaz’ Letter to the Editor re: Rodolfo Montironi, Liang Cheng, Antonio Lopez-Beltran, et al. Original Gleason System Versus 2005 ISUP Modified Gleason System: The Importance of Indicating Which System Is Used in the Patient’s Pathology and Clinical Reports. Eur Urol 2010;58:369–73
Authors: Rodolfo Montironi, Liang Cheng, Antonio Lopez-Beltran, Marina Scarpelli, Roberta Mazzucchelli, Gregor Mikuz, Ziya Kirkali, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2010)
The Method of Execution
Authors: R. A. Nash
Journal: BMJ (1953)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Viral gastroenteritis with dehydration is one of the most frequent reasons for visits to pediatric Emergency Departments (ED). Worldwide dehydration is among the top causes of mortality in preschool children. Parental intervention at home can make a difference in the course of a child’s illness. <h3>Objectives</h3> This project is part of a program of research to design an educational tool for parents of preschoolers with gastroenteritis. The primary objective of this phase was to validate an interview guide. From initial data, the researchers explored parental motivations for bringing their children to the ED. <h3>Methods</h3> Ten families were recruited from the pediatric ED. Included were families of children under 4 with vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration. Telephone interviews were recorded and transcribed. The interview guide was edited for face and content validity. To ensure rigor, thematic analysis was done by all investigators. <h3>Results</h3> The interview guide was validated. Probes were added, and likert scale questions were standardized. Thematic analysis focused on parents’ decision to take their child to the ED. Making this decision is complex, involving community-level, family-level, and child factors. Access to medical care, including perceived urgency, travel time and mode of transport, impacts parents’ decision. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A model outlines the most important factors our sample of parents report when deciding to take their ill child to the ED. Making the decision about an ill child is more complex than when individuals decide for themselves. The interview guide developed will facilitate collection of further information to test our model.
Characteristics of NaCl and water transport in the renal proximal tubule
Authors: Juha P. Kokko, Maurice B. Burg, Jack Orloff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Renal proximal tubular transport of salt and water has been examined using isolated perfused rabbit tubules. In this method direct measurements can be made under controlled conditions not readily achieved in vivo. The results are in general agreement with previous micropuncture studies in other species, supporting the validity of both sets of measurements. In the present studies, absorption of sodium salts and water occurred without change in the concentration of Na in the lumen except when a poorly reabsorbed solute (raffinose) was present, in which case, mean concentration of Na in the lumen reached a steady-state value 33-35 mEq liter(-1) less than in the bath. The tubule is very permeable to sodium salts (sodium permeability = 9.3 x 10(-5) cm sec(-1), sigma(NaCl) = 0.68-(0.71) and to water (hydraulic conductivity [L(p)] = 2.9 to 6.3 x 10(-5) cm sec(-1) atm(-1)). Net reabsorptive flux of Na was only 20% of the unidirectional Na flux. The steady-state concentration difference for Na in the presence of raffinose and sigma(NaCl) in the present studies was the same as previously found by micropuncture in the rat. On the other hand Na permeability, net Na transport rate, and L(p) were all from one-half to one-third as great in the isolated rabbit tubule as in the rat in vivo. Apparently, although the transport mechanisms appear to be basically the same in the two species, there are fewer transport units and passive permeability paths per unit length in the rabbit tubule than in the rat.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism-Reply
Authors: Monte M. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1963)

From a theoretic viewpoint two basic conditions must exist before amniotic fluid can occur. There must be a tear in the membranes so that amniotic fluid can escape, and there must be open maternal blood vessels via which the amniotic fluid can gain entrance into the maternal circulation. Other factors must contribute, in that these conditions exist to a variable extent at some time during every delivery. Thus Steiner and Lushbaugh<sup>1</sup>observed that six of their eight patients had had unusually powerful or tetanic uterine contractions at some time during labor. They theorized that these powerful contractions "(1) prepared a route for the entrance of the emboli into the maternal uterine sinuses by loosening or tearing the placenta and membranes and (2) then forced the emboli into these channels.... It is difficult to believe them unrelated to the embolism." In perusal of the literature since then, a common denominator
Talin1 is required for integrin-dependent B lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes and the bone marrow but not for follicular B-cell maturation in the spleen
Authors: Eugenia Manevich-Mendelson, Valentin Grabovsky, Sara W. Feigelson, Guy Cinamon, Yael Gore, Gera Goverse, Susan J. Monkley, Raanan Margalit, Doron Melamed, Reina E. Mebius, David R. Critchley, Idit Shachar, Ronen Alon
Journal: Blood (2010)
Benefits of Colonoscopic Surveillance and Prophylactic Colectomy in Patients with Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Mutations
Authors: Sapna Syngal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Predisposition genetic testing is now possible for many hereditary cancer syndromes, including hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The optimal management of the elevated risk for cancer in carriers of mutations for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is unclear. Objective: To assess the life expectancy and quality-adjusted life expectancy benefits derived from endoscopic surveillance and prophylactic colectomy for persons who carry a mutation associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Design: Decision analysis model. Lifetime risk for colorectal cancer, efficacy of surveillance and colectomy, stage-specific colorectal cancer mortality, and quality of life were included in the model. Setting: Decision about a cancer prevention strategy at the time of a positive result on genetic testing. Patients: Carriers of a mutation for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer who were 25 years of age. Interventions: Immediate prophylactic colectomy; delayed colectomy on the basis of age, adenoma, or diagnosis of colorectal cancer; and endoscopic surveillance. Prophylactic surgical options were proctocolectomy with ileoanal anastomosis and subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. Measurements: Life expectancy and quality-adjusted life expectancy. Results: All risk-reduction strategies led to large gains in life expectancy for carriers of a mutation for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, with benefits ranging from 13.5 years for surveillance to 15.6 years for prophylactic proctocolectomy at 25 years of age compared with no intervention. The benefits of colectomy compared with surveillance decreased with increasing age and were minimal if colectomy was performed at the time of colorectal cancer diagnosis. When health-related quality of life was considered, surveillance led to the greatest quality-adjusted life expectancy benefit (3.1 years compared with proctocolectomy and 0.3 years compared with subtotal colectomy). Conclusions: Colonoscopic surveillance is an effective method of reducing risk for cancer in carriers of a mutation for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The individual patient's choice between prophylactic surgery and surveillance is a complex decision in which personal preferences weigh heavily.
Inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocator pore function and protection against apoptosis in vivo by an HIV protease inhibitor
Authors: Joel G.R. Weaver, Agathe Tarze, Tia C. Moffat, Morgane LeBras, Aurelien Deniaud, Catherine Brenner, Gary D. Bren, Mario Y. Morin, Barbara N. Phenix, Li Dong, Susan X. Jiang, Valerie L. Sim, Bogdan Zurakowski, Jessica Lallier, Heather Hardin, Peter Wettstein, Rolf P.G. van Heeswijk, Andre Douen, Romano T. Kroemer, Sheng T. Hou, Steffany A.L. Bennett, David H. Lynch, Guido Kroemer, Andrew D. Badley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Inhibitors of HIV protease have been shown to have antiapoptotic effects in vitro, yet whether these effects are seen in vivo remains controversial. In this study, we have evaluated the impact of the HIV protease inhibitor (PI) nelfinavir, boosted with ritonavir, in models of nonviral disease associated with excessive apoptosis. In mice with Fas-induced fatal hepatitis, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced shock, and middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced stroke, we demonstrate that PIs significantly reduce apoptosis and improve histology, function, and/or behavioral recovery in each of these models. Further, we demonstrate that both in vitro and in vivo, PIs block apoptosis through the preservation of mitochondrial integrity and that in vitro PIs act to prevent pore function of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) subunit of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex.
P193 The value of a regional mesothelioma multidisciplinary team meeting--an audit
Authors: A. Jeyabalan, A. Pillai, S. Smith, M. Darby, N. Ibrahim, N. A. Maskell
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Both the British Thoracic Society 2007 guidelines (1) and the National Mesothelioma Framework (2) advocated the development of regional mesothelioma multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings to discuss all mesothelioma cases on a regional basis. The Avon, Wiltshire and Somerset cancer network regional mesothelioma MDT team was established in 2008. We undertook a retrospective audit to evaluate its value. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients referred for discussion in the 12-month period, 1st January 2009 to 31st December 2009, were included in the audit. The referral information and MDT outcomes were reviewed. <h3>Results</h3> In total 76 patients were discussed; 66 males, median age 72 (40–88) and 10 females, median age 71.5 (46–88). WHO performance status was 0 in 15/67 (22%), 1 in 36/67 (53%), and 2 in 9/67 (13%). All 76 cases had a tissue diagnosis of mesothelioma made at their local hospital. Biopsy techniques included CT guided biopsy 28/68 (41%), local anaesthetic thoracoscopy 16/68 (24%) and VATS 19/68 (28%). All histological specimens were reviewed by the MDT. The final diagnosis was mesothelioma in 74/76 cases. The histological subtypes were; epithelioid 53 (69%), sarcomatoid 17 (22%), biphasic 3 (4%) and histiocytoid 1. In two (3%) cases, the diagnosis of mesothelioma was changed to severe reactive pleuritis only. Clinical follow-up and interval CT confirmed no evidence of malignancy. In addition, a further case with suspicious histology was confirmed to be reactive pleuritis only. Consideration of chemotherapy was felt appropriate in over two thirds of patients and patients could also have entered into a clinical trial. A total of 26/65 (40%) patients went on to have at least one cycle of chemotherapy and of these patients 19/26 (73%) entered a clinical mesothelioma trial. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This audit supports the valuable role a regional mesothelioma MDT can play, both in the confirmation of the diagnosis and in evaluating eligibility for potential clinical trials.
Metabolic Syndrome in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lena M. Thorn, Carol Forsblom, Johan Fagerudd, Merlin C. Thomas, Kim Pettersson-Fernholm, Markku Saraheimo, Johan Wadén, Mats Rönnback, Milla Rosengård-Bärlund, Clas-Göran af Björkesten, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Per-Henrik Groop
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Finnish type 1 diabetic patients and to assess whether it is associated with diabetic nephropathy or poor glycemic control.In all, 2,415 type 1 diabetic patients (51% men, mean age 37 years, duration of diabetes 22 years) participating in the nationwide, multicenter Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) study were included. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program diagnostic criteria. Patients were classified as having normal albumin excretion rate (AER) (n = 1,261), microalbuminuria (n = 326), macroalbuminuria (n = 383), or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (n = 164). Glycemic control was classified as good (HbA1c <7.5%), intermediate (7.5-9.0%), or poor (>9.0%). Creatinine clearance was estimated with the Cockcroft-Gault formula.The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 38% in men and 40% in women. The prevalence was 28% in those with normal AER, 44% in microalbuminuric patients, 62% in macroalbuminuric patients, and 68% in patients with ESRD (P < 0.001). Patients with metabolic syndrome had a 3.75-fold odds ratio for diabetic nephropathy (95% CI 2.89-4.85), and all of the separate components of the syndrome were independently associated with diabetic nephropathy. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31% in patients with good glycemic control, 36% in patients with intermediate glycemic control, and 51% in patients with poor glycemic control (P < 0.001). Similarly, metabolic syndrome increased with worsening creatinine clearance.The metabolic syndrome is a frequent finding in type 1 diabetes and increases with advanced diabetic nephropathy and worse glycemic control.
Fracture of the Trachea and Bronchus
Authors: J. Dark, P. Jewsbury
Journal: Thorax (1955)

Non-penetrating injuries of the main airways are of considerable rarity, but nevertheless there are many reported cases in the literature.Kinsella and Johnsrud (1947) give an excellent review of the world literature, mentioning 38 cases, excluding two of their own.The first recorded recovery appears to be that of Krinitzki (1928), but since then there have been many successes including those of Sale (1954), Dalgleish, Hazen, and Kinnear (1954), Scannell (1951), Paulson (1951), Weisel andJake (1953), andKirkpatrick (1950).All these authors describe gross crushing accidents of the chest as the most common cause of this type of injury.The majority of the accidents referred to involve crushing of the patient's chest by a vehicle wheel or by heavy machinery.Clearly from such severe injuries many patients are killed outright or very soon die.Immediate survival is almost invariably associated with a haemo- pneumothorax and haemoptysis.A later develop- ment may be a stenosed bronchus with its attendant-atelectasis and bronchiectasis.Such are the vagaries of medicine that in the following case none of the above features presented.