tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Initiation of autoimmunity to the p53 tumor suppressor protein by complexes of p53 and SV40 large T antigen.
Authors: X Dong, K J Hamilton, M Satoh, J Wang, W H Reeves
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) reactive with a limited spectrum of nuclear antigens are characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other collagen vascular diseases, and are also associated with certain viral infections. The factors that initiate ANA production and determine ANA specificity are not well understood. In this study, high titer ANAs specific for the p53 tumor suppressor protein were induced in mice immunized with purified complexes of murine p53 and the Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SVT), but not in mice immunized with either protein separately. The autoantibodies to p53 in these mice were primarily of the IgG1 isotype, were not cross-reactive with SVT, and were produced at titers up to 1:25,000, without the appearance of other autoantibodies. The high levels of autoantibodies to p53 in mice immunized with p53/SVT complexes were transient, but low levels of the autoantibodies persisted. The latter may have been maintained by self antigen, since the anti-p53, but not the SVT, response in these mice could be boosted by immunizing with murine p53. Thus, once autoimmunity to p53 was established by immunizing with p53/SVT complexes, it could be maintained without a requirement for SVT. These data may be explained in at least two ways. First, altered antigen processing resulting from the formation of p53/SVT complexes might activate autoreactive T helper cells specific for cryptic epitopes of murine p53, driving anti-p53 autoantibody production. Alternatively, SVT-responsive T cells may provide intermolecular-intrastructural help to B cells specific for murine p53. In a second stage, these activated B cells might themselves process self p53, generating p53-responsive autoreactive T cells. The induction of autoantibodies during the course of an immune response directed against this naturally occurring complex of self and nonself antigens may be relevant to the generation of specific autoantibodies in viral infections, and may also have implications for understanding the pathogenesis of ANAs in SLE. In particular, our results imply that autoimmunity can be initiated by a "hit and run" mechanism in which the binding of a viral antigen to a self protein triggers an immune response that subsequently can be perpetuated by self antigen.
Enhanced Detection of Open-angle Glaucoma with an Anatomically Accurate Optical Coherence Tomography–Derived Neuroretinal Rim Parameter
Authors: Balwantray C. Chauhan, Neil O'Leary, Faisal A. AlMobarak, Alexandre S.C. Reis, Hongli Yang, Glen P. Sharpe, Donna M. Hutchison, Marcelo T. Nicolela, Claude F. Burgoyne
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Bone marrow transplants
Authors: P. W M Johnson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Bone marrow, or haematopoietic stem cell, transplants were originally developed to allow the use of very high dose treatments for malignancies such as leukaemia. Their use was based on the ideathat the high dose treatment might overcome inherent resistance of the malignancy to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Transplants of stem cells from either the same person (autologous) or another person (allogeneic) are used to repopulate and regenerate the bone marrow, “rescuing” the patient from aplasia. Recently, attention has shifted from the straightforward pursuit of higher doses of cytotoxic drugs to the exploitation of immune effects exerted by allogeneic donor cells. Initial work in autologous transplantation concentrated on showing the safety of the process. Many early studies consisted only of case series, but in the past few years several important randomised trials have been reported, allowing closer definition of the conditions for which bone marrow transplants are useful. These include multiple myeloma, recurrent Hodgkin's disease, and aggressive lymphoma in second remission, for which high dose treatment is routinely given following evidence from randomised trials. 1 2

As the indications for stem cell transplants have been better defined overall activity has fallen. The number of high dose procedures reported to the European Blood …
Elastase-induced experimental aneurysms in rats.
Authors: S Anidjar, J L Salzmann, D Gentric, P Lagneau, J P Camilleri, J B Michel
Journal: Circulation (1990)

An experimental in vivo model of aortic aneurysm was established by perfusing an isolated segment of rat abdominal aorta with pancreatic elastase. Ten rats were used in each protocol. Saline-perfused aortas developed no aneurysmal dilations. Elastase-perfused aortas contained aneurysms in the perfused area and a total loss of elastic tissue. Control aortas contained no elastic tissue lesions. There was a quantitative relation between the amount of elastase perfused and aneurysm formation: 1-2 units induced neither macroscopic nor microscopic lesions; 3-6 units induced microscopic elastic tissue damage without macroscopic aneurysm; and more than 6 units produced aneurysmal dilation in all cases. In situ elastase secretion by macrophages was induced by perfusing rat aortas with thioglycollate-activated macrophages or with thioglycollate alone. There was aortitis without true aneurysm and a total loss of elastic tissue in the vicinity of activated macrophages within the aortic media. Perfusion of infra-aneurysmal amount of elastase (1 or 2 units) or thioglycollate plus plasmin (2 units) always induced a large aneurysm, whereas plasmin alone induced neither macroscopic nor microscopic lesions. These morphological results were supported by the significantly elevated elastolytic activity within the aortic wall of animals perfused with thioglycollate plus plasmin 9 days, after perfusion (207.6 +/- 54.8 micrograms elastin-rhodamine lysed/18 hr; control rats, 25.43 +/- 11.13). The results suggest that the presence of elastase within the aortic media leads to aneurysm formation. Activated macrophages within the aortic media may be responsible for elastase secretion and elastic tissue destruction. Plasmin may enhance elastase activity and aggravate the aneurysmal lesion.
Muir's Textbook of Pathology
Authors: Richard L. Reece
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Dr. Cappell, professor of pathology at the University of Glasgow, has revised this book with the medical student in mind. Students will welcome the book as a readable exposition of a sprawling subject, although pathologists will deem it fundamentally a manual for students. Writing without collaborators, he presents his subjects systematically, starting with an unraveling of tissue reactions and proceeding with a formal recitation of organ-system pathology. The book offers few new insights, but old facts and new concepts are pithily unfolded. The "naked eye appearances" and microscopical descriptions are good, but I found the microscopical explanations stunted in the shadow of differential diagnosis. The photomicrographs are excellent and are aptly chosen. Curious students will be troubled by the sparsity of references. Authors are mentioned in parentheses, without a notation of the original paper. A bibliography for further reading, at the end of the text, includes 65 references—mostly to British
Glucocorticoid action: a mechanism involving nuclear and non-nuclear pathways
Authors: L. K. JOHNSON, J. P. LONGENECKER, J. D. BAXTER, M. F. DALLMAN, E. P. WIDMAIER, N. L. EBERHARDT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Glucocorticoid action: a mechanism involving nuclear and non‐nuclear pathways Get access L. K. JOHNSON, L. K. JOHNSON Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, California 94304 *L. K. Johnson, GRECC‐182B, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. LONGENECKER, J. P. LONGENECKER Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, California 94304 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. D. BAXTER, J. D. BAXTER Metabolic Research Unit and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. F. DALLMAN, M. F. DALLMAN Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. P. WIDMAIER, E. P. WIDMAIER Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. L. EBERHARDT N. L. EBERHARDT Metabolic Research Unit and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 107, Issue s23, 1 November 1982, Pages 6–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb01026.x Published: 01 November 1982
Myelodysplastic transformation of polycythemia vera: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Glenn J. Shamdas, Catherine M. Spier, Alan F. List
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract We report a case of refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) developing in a 67‐year old man with a history of polycythemia vera; results of cytogenetic and immunophenotyping studies are described. In this report the clinical, cytogenetic and hematologic features of myelodysplasia complicating polycythemia vera are reviewed. Results of immunophenotyping and cytogenetic studies, and the preponderance of cases developing after myelosuppressive therapy suggest that in the majority of cases myelodysplasia is treatment‐related.
Disaccharide analysis of the skin glycosaminoglycans in systemic sclerosis
Authors: S. AKIMOTO, H. HAYASHI, H. ISHIKAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

The disaccharides constituting chondroitinase-digestible glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the skin lesions of patients with systemic sclerosis were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In scleroderma there was an increase in the amount of delta Di-4S(DS), the main disaccharide unit of dermatan sulphate, and a decrease in delta Di-HA, the disaccharide unit of hyaluronic acid, as compared with normal skin from a similar site. The distribution pattern of the main disaccharides constituting chondroitin sulphate and dermatan sulphate in scleroderma differed from that in scars or scleredema.
Randomized Trial of Hyperthermia and Radiation for Superficial Tumors
Authors: Ellen L. Jones, James R. Oleson, Leonard R. Prosnitz, Thaddeus V. Samulski, Zeljko Vujaskovic, Daohai Yu, Linda L. Sanders, Mark W. Dewhirst
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated hyperthermia (HT) enhances radiation response. These trials, however, generally lacked rigorous thermal dose prescription and administration. We report the final results of a prospective randomized trial of superficial tumors (</= 3 cm depth) comparing radiotherapy versus HT combined with radiotherapy, using the parameter describing the number of cumulative equivalent minutes at 43 degrees C exceeded by 90% of monitored points within the tumor (CEM 43 degrees C T(90)) as a measure of thermal dose.This trial was designed to test whether a thermal dose of more than 10 CEM 43 degrees C T(90) results in improved complete response and duration of local control compared with a thermal dose of </= 1 CEM 43 degrees C T(90). Patients received a test dose of HT </= 1 CEM 43 degrees C T(90) and tumors deemed heatable were randomly assigned to additional HT versus no additional HT. HT was given using microwave spiral strip applicators operating at 433 MHz.One hundred twenty-two patients were enrolled; 109 (89%) were deemed heatable and were randomly assigned. The complete response rate was 66.1% in the HT arm and 42.3% in the no-HT arm. The odds ratio for complete response was 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2 to 5.8; P = .02). Previously irradiated patients had the greatest incremental gain in complete response: 23.5% in the no-HT arm versus 68.2% in the HT arm. No overall survival benefit was seen.Adjuvant hyperthermia with a thermal dose more than 10 CEM 43 degrees C T(90) confers a significant local control benefit in patients with superficial tumors receiving radiation therapy.
Bahraini government is misusing health system to deter protests, says charity
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Medical facilities in Bahrain have become places of fear where government forces are beating up and arresting medical staff and civilians injured during protests that began in February, a new report claims.

Wounded protesters but also civilians with ordinary health problems are staying away from health centres out of fear, says the briefing paper issued by the aid charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) on 7 April.

Latifa Ayada, MSF’s medical coordinator in Brussels, said, “Wounds, especially those inflicted by distinctive police and military gunfire, are used to identify people for arrest, and the denial of medical care is being used by Bahraini authorities to deter people from protesting.”

MSF said in a statement, “The police, military, and intelligence services must stop using the health system as a way to crack down on protesters and must allow medical staff to return to the primary duty of providing healthcare regardless of patients’ political or sectarian affiliations.”

Salmaniya Hospital, the only public referral hospital in Bahrain, was caught up early …
Hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma: malignant evolution of mesenchymal hamartoma? Study of one case with immunohistochemical and flow cytometric emphasis
Authors: Hugues Begueret, Hélène Trouette, Philippe Vielh, Christophe Laurent, Gaëtan MacGrogan, Martine Delsol, Geneviève Belleannee, Bernard Masson, Antoine De Mascarel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Predictive factors of early and sustained responses to peginterferon plus ribavirin combination therapy in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: Amino acid substitutions in the core region and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels
Authors: Norio Akuta, Fumitaka Suzuki, Yusuke Kawamura, Hiromi Yatsuji, Hitomi Sezaki, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Tetsuya Hosaka, Masahiro Kobayashi, Mariko Kobayashi, Yasuji Arase, Kenji Ikeda, Hiromitsu Kumada
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Systemic Family Therapy in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Effectiveness
Authors: Cinzia Bressi, Stefano Manenti, Patrizia Frongia, Matteo Porcellana, Giordano Invernizzi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Although evidence suggests the effectiveness of cognitive and behaviorally oriented family therapies for schizophrenia, no specific randomized study has been carried out on Systemic Family Therapy (SFT). The purpose of this longitudinal prospective study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of SFT in the treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia, as compared with a control case sample composed of patients undergoing routine psychiatric treatment. The study included a 2-year follow-up period and was conducted following the Milan School model. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The case sample in the study was made up of 20 patients treated with SFT associated with routine psychiatric treatment, and 20 patients undergoing routine psychiatric treatment alone. Both groups of patients were re-evaluated at the end of treatment (T1) and 12 months after the end of treatment (T2) to assess the clinical course of the illness. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; At the end of the follow-up period, we noticed an improved clinical course and a better pharmacological compliance in the group of patients treated with SFT. In the experimental case sample, 3 subjects (15%) had relapsed, compared to 13 patients (65%) in the control group (p = 0.03). No significant difference was found in the 2nd year of follow-up. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Our study provides an innovative contribution with regard to the evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of SFT in the treatment of schizophrenic patients. The clinical results were significant, and we thus feel justified in continuing to use this type of therapy in integrated interventions involving schizophrenic patients.
The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease
Authors: Paul E. Carson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The second edition of this book follows the first by six years. The advances in genetics have been so extensive in this time that total revision has been necessary; not only has each chapter been rewritten due to advances within each subject, but several new chapters have been added. Some idea of this expansion may be gained from the fact that this edition weighs 7 lb compared to a little over 4 lb for the first. The quality of this edition, however, is also markedly improved. The book is divided into 12 parts and a short appendix. The introductory part has been expanded to three chapters covering basic principles of inherited variation and metabolic abnormality, coding, information transfer and protein synthesis, and the cytologie bases of human heredity. There is great emphasis on the newer knowledge of genetics in terms of regulatory processes expressed in current genetic nomenclature, eg, structural genes, operator genes,
Just‐in‐time rescue plerixafor in combination with chemotherapy and granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor for peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization
Authors: Veronica R. Smith, Uday Popat, Stefan Ciurea, Yago Nieto, Paolo Anderlini, Gabriela Rondon, Amin Alousi, Muzaffar Qazilbash, Partow Kebriaei, Issa Khouri, Marcos de Lima, Richard Champlin, Chitra Hosing
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Plerixafor, a recently approved peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilizing agent, is often added to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with lymphoma or myeloma who cannot mobilize enough CD34+ cells with G-CSF alone to undergo autologous stem cell transplantation. However, data are lacking regarding the feasibility and efficacy of just-in-time plerixafor in combination with chemotherapy and G-CSF. We reviewed the peripheral blood stem cell collection data of 38 consecutive patients with lymphoma (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's) and multiple myeloma who underwent chemomobilization and high-dose G-CSF and just-in-time plerixafor to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment combination. All patients with multiple myeloma and all but one patient with lymphoma collected the minimum required number of CD34+ cells to proceed with autologous stem cell transplantation (>2 × 10(6) /kg of body weight). The median CD34+ cell dose collected in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma was 4.93 × 10(6) /kg of body weight. The median CD34+ cell dose collected for patients with multiple myeloma was 8.81 × 10(6) /kg of body weight. Plerixafor was well tolerated; no grade 2 or higher non-hematologic toxic effects were observed.
Cecil Herbert Cousins
Authors: H. J. Brown
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner South Ockendon, Essex (b Burma 1913; q Calcutta 1938), died from bladder cancer on 28 June 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




He was a military medical student trained to look after the British military hospitals and the British army soldiers in India. After qualifying he was posted to various British military hospitals in India, spent three years in Iraq and Iran, and finished his service in the Punjab. Demobbed from the army in 1945, he travelled to Liverpool as a ship's surgeon, and did posts in London and Huntingdon before joining a former colleague from medical college in general practice in South Ockendon, Essex. He retired from general practice in 1973 but did locum work well into his 70s. He leaves a wife, Miriam, and a son.
Renal artery stenosis treated by percutaneous transluminal dilatation
Authors: C F Loughran
Journal: BMJ (1983)

pethidine.There has been no case of bradycardia in the recovery period, no matter which analgesic was administered.Pethidine was chosen for premedication because it achieves some anti- cholinergic effects without giving the patient an unduly dry, malodorous mouth.If the pulse rate is 60/min or less at induction atropine is given intravenously.
Intrathoracic Pressure Regulator During Continuous-Chest-Compression Advanced Cardiac Resuscitation Improves Vital Organ Perfusion Pressures in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Demetris Yannopoulos, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Scott H. McKnite, Anu Rao, Kurt Kruger, Anja Metzger, David G. Benditt, Keith G. Lurie
Journal: Circulation (2005)

A novel device, the intrathoracic pressure regulator (ITPR), combines an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) with a vacuum source for the generation of controlled -10 mm Hg vacuum in the trachea during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) while allowing positive pressure ventilation. Compared with standard (STD) CPR, ITPR-CPR will enhance venous return, systemic arterial pressure, and vital organ perfusion in both porcine models of ventricular fibrillation and hypovolemic cardiac arrest.In protocol 1, 20 pigs (weight, 30+/-0.5 kg) were randomized to STD-CPR or ITPR-CPR. After 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, CPR was performed for 6 minutes at 100 compressions per minute and positive pressure ventilation (100% O2) with a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2. In protocol 2, 6 animals were bled 50% of their blood volume. After 4 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, interventions were performed for 2 minutes with STD-CPR and 2 minutes of ITPR-CPR. This sequence was repeated. In protocol 3, 6 animals after 8 minutes of untreated VF were treated with ITPR-CPR for 15 minutes, and arterial and venous blood gases were collected at baseline and minutes 5, 10, and 15 of CPR. A newer, leak-proof ITPR device was used. Aortic, right atrial, endotracheal pressure, intracranial pressure, and end-tidal CO2 values were measured (mm Hg); common carotid arterial flow also was measured (mL/min). Coronary perfusion pressure (diastolic; aortic minus right atrial pressure) and cerebral perfusion pressure (mean arterial minus mean intracranial pressure) were calculated. Unpaired Student t test and Friedman's repeated-measures ANOVA of ranks were used in protocols 1 and 3. A 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for analysis in protocol 2. Fischer's exact test was used for survival. Significance was set at P<0.05. Vital organ perfusion pressures and end-tidal CO2 were significantly improved with ITPR-CPR in both protocols. In protocol 1, 1-hour survival was 100% with ITPR-CPR and 10% with STD-CPR (P=0.001). Arterial blood pH was significantly lower and Paco2 was significantly higher with ITPR-CPR in protocol 1. Arterial oxygen saturation was 100% throughout the study in both protocols. Paco2 and Pao2 remained stable, but metabolic acidosis progressed, as expected, throughout the 15 minutes of CPR in protocol 3.Compared with STD-CPR, use of ITPR-CPR improved hemodynamics and short-term survival rates after cardiac arrest.
G-protein β3 subunit polymorphism C1429T and low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 5 polymorphism A1330V are risk factors for hypercholesterolemia in Japanese males—a prospective study over 5 years
Authors: Yasushi Suwazono, Etsuko Kobayashi, Mirei Uetani, Katsuyuki Miura, Yuko Morikawa, Masao Ishizaki, Teruhiko Kido, Hideaki Nakagawa, Koji Nogawa
Journal: Metabolism (2006)