tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transforming Growth Factor β1 Promotes Chromosomal Instability in Human Papillomavirus 16 E6E7–Infected Cervical Epithelial Cells
Authors: Wen Deng, Sai Wah Tsao, Yvonne K. Kwok, Esther Wong, Xiao Ru Huang, Si Liu, Chi M. Tsang, Hextan Y.S. Ngan, Annie N.Y. Cheung, Hui Yao Lan, Xin-Yuan Guan, Annie L.M. Cheung
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Uterine cervical cancer, the second most frequently occurring cancer in women worldwide, is tightly associated with the expression of high-risk human papillomavirus [mainly human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV18] oncogenes E6 and E7 and characteristically exhibits chromosomal instability. However, the mechanisms underlying chromosomal instability in cervical cancer are still not fully understood. In this study, we observed that two of three human cervical epithelial cell lines expressing HPV16 E6E7 became immortalized without extensive chromosomal instability and crisis. The introduction of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, a multiple functional cytokine/growth factor, in the culture medium induced crisis, which was associated with massive chromosomal end-to-end fusions and other structural aberrations. The distributions of structural aberrations on individual chromosomes were significantly correlated with the profiles of telomere signal–free ends. The immortalized cells that emerged from the TGF-β1–induced crisis showed multiple clonal structural aberrations that were not observed in cells without TGF-β1 treatment. Overexpression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) abolished the effects of TGF-β1 on chromosomal instability. Interestingly, another HPV16 E6E7–expressing cervical cell line that experienced crisis and telomere dysfunction under ordinary culture condition had a higher level of autocrine TGF-β1 production than the other two crisis-free immortalized cell lines. Blocking the TGF-β1 pathway by an inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor type I prevented the crisis and telomere-mediated chromosomal instability. In addition, more dramatic telomere shortening was observed in cervical intraepithelial neoplasias having higher expression of TGF-β1 in vivo. These results together suggest an important role of TGF-β1 in the early process of cervical carcinogenesis. [Cancer Res 2008;68(17):7200–9]
Role of Maternal Cells in Diabetes Probed
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopic sealing of a pancreatic fistula using ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate
Authors: A. Sofuni, T. Itoi, T. Tsuchiya, F. Itokawa, T. Kurihara, F. Moriyasu, T. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Pancreaticoduodenal fistulas are occasionally resistant to treatment by endoscopic or even surgical methods [1]. We describe a patient whose intractable pancreaticoduodenal fistula was successfully sealed endoscopically using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate [2].
Treatment of Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Lawrence A. William
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Combination Chemotherapy of Hodgkin's Disease in Private Practice," (221:261, 1972) is truly alarming. The authors suggest that this previously considered investigational program is now ready for broad application by "qualified physicians in community hospitals." The MOPP treatment is complex. (Included in the combination are mechlorethamine, vincristine sulfate, procarbazine, and prednisone.) Dosage modifications that are inevitably performed as toxicity appears require the judgments of an oncologist experienced with this particular drug combination. These authors are highly sophisticated medical oncologists, but I doubt that many other community physicians are comparably trained or would see sufficient patients with Hodgkin's disease to acquire the necessary experience with this complex and potentially dangerous drug combination. There are still numerous questions about this therapy and its consequences. Perhaps most pressing is the need to know what treatment, if any, is required after therapy with MOPP to prevent relapse. Answers to
NASAL SINUSITIS PRODUCED BY DIETS DEFICIENT IN FAT-SOLUBLE A VITAMIN
Authors: AMY L. DANIELS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

In studying the effects on rats of diets low in the fat-soluble vitamin (vitamin A 1 ), it has been observed that these animals frequently suffer from what appears to be a nutritive disaster, manifested by stationary weight, or sudden loss in weight and death before the appearance of the characteristic eye infection, xerophthalmia. Similar results have been observed by a number of other workers. For example, Emmett 2 found that of 122 rats fed low fat-soluble A diets, 98.2 per cent, developed xerophthalmia, while out of 136 animals on vitamin A free diets in Osborne and Mendel's 3 group, only sixty-nine developed the disease. Walker, 4 who also observed that the lack of the fat-soluble A vitamin produced xerophthalmia in a variable percentage of experimental animals, suggests that hereditary predisposition may explain the dissimilar results obtained by the different investigators.  With the exception of the specific pathologic changes in the
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents with recurrent and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Alexander Claviez, Carme Canals, Daan Dierickx, Jerry Stein, Isabel Badell, Andrea Pession, Stephen Mackinnon, Shimon Slavin, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Manuel Jurado Chacón, Mahmoud Sarhan, Robert Francis Wynn, Meinolf Suttorp, Giorgio Dini, Anna Sureda, Norbert Schmitz
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abnormal production of transforming growth factor β and interferon γ by peripheral blood cells of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil
Authors: Analia Z. Castro, Blanca M. Diaz-Bardalez, Elaine C. Oliveira, Reinaldo C. Garcia, Jorge Barros Afiune, Ilma A. Paschoal, Leonilda M.B. Santos
Journal: Journal of Infection (2004)
Comparison of different strategies in prenatal screening for Down's syndrome: cost effectiveness analysis of computer simulation
Authors: J. Gekas, G. Gagne, E. Bujold, D. Douillard, J.-C. Forest, D. Reinharz, F. Rousseau
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objectives</b> To assess and compare the cost effectiveness of three different strategies for prenatal screening for Down's syndrome (integrated test, sequential screening, and contingent screenings) and to determine the most useful cut-off values for risk. <b>Design</b> Computer simulations to study integrated, sequential, and contingent screening strategies with various cut-offs leading to 19 potential screening algorithms. <b>Data sources</b> The computer simulation was populated with data from the Serum Urine and Ultrasound Screening Study (SURUSS), real unit costs for healthcare interventions, and a population of 110 948 pregnancies from the province of Québec for the year 2001. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Cost effectiveness ratios, incremental cost effectiveness ratios, and screening options' outcomes. <b>Results</b> The contingent screening strategy dominated all other screening options: it had the best cost effectiveness ratio ($C26 833 per case of Down's syndrome) with fewer procedure related euploid miscarriages and unnecessary terminations (respectively, 6 and 16 per 100 000 pregnancies). It also outperformed serum screening at the second trimester. In terms of the incremental cost effectiveness ratio, contingent screening was still dominant: compared with screening based on maternal age alone, the savings were $C30 963 per additional birth with Down's syndrome averted. Contingent screening was the only screening strategy that offered early reassurance to the majority of women (77.81%) in first trimester and minimised costs by limiting retesting during the second trimester (21.05%). For the contingent and sequential screening strategies, the choice of cut-off value for risk in the first trimester test significantly affected the cost effectiveness ratios (respectively, from $C26 833 to $C37 260 and from $C35 215 to $C45 314 per case of Down's syndrome), the number of procedure related euploid miscarriages (from 6 to 46 and from 6 to 45 per 100 000 pregnancies), and the number of unnecessary terminations (from 16 to 26 and from 16 to 25 per 100 000 pregnancies). <b>Conclusions</b> Contingent screening, with a first trimester cut-off value for high risk of 1 in 9, is the preferred option for prenatal screening of women for pregnancies affected by Down's syndrome.
P244 Assessing Training Value and Educational Supervision in SpR Posts
Authors: D Menzies, NA McAndrew, H Fowles, R Robinson, P Flood-Page
Journal: Thorax (2012)

Both the ongoing evaluation of training and the possible reduction in SpR training numbers makes it imperative to identify which SpR training posts offer the best educational value. Consultants may overestimate or overstate the training opportunities at their hospital. The JRCPTB “Post Assessment” form is rather non-specific and poorly used. The Respiratory STC in our region undertook to obtain feedback from respiratory SpR’s about the diversity and quality of training and educational supervision. A questionnaire was e-mailed to all SpR’s asking about training opportunities in clinical areas defined by the respiratory curriculum and the JRCPTB Respiratory PYA form; asking about exposure to a given service or specialty rather than just its presence in the hospital (e.g. domiciliary NIV, sleep medicine, thoracoscopy), and the quality of training in that area, (score 1–5, poor - excellent), and how they rated their educational supervision overall. Responses were to include posts previously and currently worked. Trainees sent 40 evaluations on the 14 training hospital in our region, (range 1–6 per hospital). A composite score for training opportunities was derived (maximum possible score for specialty and service areas 71). Scores for individual hospitals ranged from 17.3–43.6 (median 32) and the score for supervision at those sites ranged from 3.3–5 (median 4.3). Hospital identifiable results were tabulated and circulated firstly to trainers and later to trainees. Free text comments were handled more confidentially. Despite some reservations, (e.g. the perspective held by a junior SpR in completing the survey and a possible bias away from broad based DGH training), the STC regarded this as a useful exercise and the questionnaire will be modified by iteration and trainees will complete one after each post. Consultants will be asked to complete the same questionnaire for cross reference. Anecdotally, some units have already begun addressing some issue raised, perhaps in response to a need to “compete”. These results may motivate hospitals to improve their training of SpR’s as well as informing decisions on which posts should be retained and which should not.
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WHO DEVELOP CARDIOGENIC SHOCK (CS) AFTER AN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (STEMI) WITHIN A DEDICATED CITYWIDE PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION PROTOCOL
Authors: Bethany E. Durling, Michel R. Le May, Derek Y. So, Michael P. V, None Fröeschl, Edward R. O'Brien, Marino Labinaz, Jean-François Marquis, Melissa Blondeau, George A. Wells, Chris A. Glover
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Hepatocytes of Zones 1 and 3 Conjugate Sulfobromophthalein with Glutathione
Authors: Elinor H. Chen, Jorge J. Gumucio, Norman H. Ho, Deborah L. Gumucio
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

The capacity of hepatocytes of Zones 1 and 3 of the liver acinus to conjugate sulfobromophthalein (BSP) with glutathione and to secrete the conjugate into bile was studied. BSP was infused into the in situ perfused rat liver in concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05 mM. Perfusions were performed either in the portal to hepatic vein direction (forward perfusion) or in the hepatic vein to portal vein direction (retrograde perfusion). Hepatocytes contributing to the uptake, metabolism and biliary secretion of BSP were directly assessed qualitatively by light microscopy, and also semiquantitatively by microspectrophotometry. BSP was taken up predominantly by hepatocytes of Zone 1 during forward perfusion and by those of Zone 3 during the retrograde perfusion of BSP. The biliary products of BSP metabolism by each acinar zone were subsequently assessed. Hepatocytes of both Zones 1 and 3 of the acinus secreted BSP into bile in the form of BSP-glutathione, and BSP-glutathione conjugate represented about 78% of the total BSP secreted into bile by each zone. The rate of BSP biliary secretion by both zones was similar at a concentration of 0.01 mM BSP, while a slight decrease (15%) in BSP secretory rate by hepatocytes of zone 3 was observed at concentrations of BSP near biliary Tm. Liver perfusion with exogenous BSP-glutathione provided results similar to those obtained with BSP. In contrast, the perfusion of 3,6- dibromosulphthalein , a compound which is not conjugated by hepatocytes, resulted in similar biliary secretory rates regardless of the direction of perfusion. These results indicate that: (a) the capacity for glutathione conjugation of BSP is distributed among hepatocytes of all acinar zones; (b) near biliary Tm, the biliary secretory rate of BSP by hepatocytes of Zone 3 is slower than that of hepatocytes of zone 1, and (c) in vivo, all hepatocytes likely contribute to the uptake, metabolism and biliary secretion of BSP.
Calcium Intake and Kidney Stones in Women
Authors: Robert P. Heaney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 November 1997Calcium Intake and Kidney Stones in WomenRobert P. Heaney, MDRobert P. Heaney, MDCreighton University; Omaha, NE 68178Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-9-199711010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Curhan and colleagues [1] report that the risk for kidney stone is inversely related to calcium intake in women, a finding consistent with their earlier report in men [2]. They note, however, that supplemental calcium seems to increase the risk for stones; the authors of the accompanying editorial [3] express some puzzlement at that finding.I suggest that Curhan and colleagues overinterpreted their data and that Coe and colleagues were insufficiently critical in analyzing the data. One test of inferences from such observational data is the finding of at least an ordinal relation between dose and effect. ...References1. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ. Comparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk for kidney stones in women. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:497-504. Google Scholar2. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ. A prospective study of dietary calcium and other nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stones. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:833-8. Google Scholar3. Coe FL, Parks JH, Favus MJ. Diet and calcium: the end of an era? [Editorial] Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:553-5. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert P. Heaney, MDAffiliations: Creighton University; Omaha, NE 68178 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1997Volume 127, Issue 9Page: 846KeywordsCalciumEatingIngestionKidney stonesRenal diseasesRisk management ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pseudomembranous Colitis Associated With Single-Dose Cephalosporin Prophylaxis
Authors: Joel P. Freiman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Cefotetan (Cefotan) and cefonicid (Monocid) are broad-spectrum cephalosporins approved for surgical prophylaxis. Both may be administered as a single dose prior to surgery or immediately after clamping the umbilical cord in the event of a cesarean section. The Food and Drug Administration has received five reports of pseudomembranous colitis following single-dose cefotetan prophylaxis and one report following single-dose cefonicid prophylaxis. The reports were received through the Food and Drug Administration's spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting system. In the five reports involving cefotetan, four patients were women (29 to 74 years of age; mean age, 45 years) and one was a man aged 73 years. The indication for prophylaxis was cesarean section in two reports and esophagealgastric anastomosis in another. The indication for prophylaxis was not stated in two reports. The time from antibiotic administration to development of colitis was 2 days and 7 days, respectively, in the
THE GRADIENT OF VASCULAR PERMEABILITY
Authors: Frederick Smith, Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

The permeability of the venules of the skin of the mouse greatly exceeds that of the capillaries. A mounting gradient of permeability exists along the further portion of the latter. The significance of these facts is discussed with relation to conditions in human skin. The cutaneous venules are differentiated for several functions besides those ordinarily attributed to them, and must be considered as specialized organs.
Don't take vitals, take a lactate
Authors: Jan Bakker, Tim C. Jansen
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)

The resident internal medicine called from the Emergency Department (ED). “Can you please come and see my patient, I think he is becoming septic and needs admission to intensive care”. In the ED we found a confused older patient with an oxygen mask who was clearly dyspnoeic, the urinary catheter was filled with a dark brown fluid, the collecting bag was empty. The resident reported that he admitted the patient 4 h earlier as he suspected pneumonia. On admission the patient was hypoxic but this clearly improved with the supplemental oxygen. The resident was still waiting for all the laboratory results and the chest X-ray. However, now that the patient had developed hypotension he thought the patient was clearly at risk and intensive care admission was required. When we asked why he had not called us earlier, he replied that he intended to admit the patient to the general ward as he was haemodynamically stable and oxygenation had improved on supplemental oxygen so intensive care admission was not required. When reviewing the blood sample that was drawn 30 min following presentation, besides hypoxaemia, an increased lactate level of 4.6 mmol/l was present. The resident pointed out that hyperlactataemia in sepsis is not related to tissue hypoxia but rather is a marker of increased aerobic metabolism. Therefore he thought there was no need to react to this hyperlactataemia. Where did this resident go wrong?
TCT-473 Admission At Nights Or Weekends Has No Adverse Effect On Mortality For ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated By Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Single Center Study From A Large Tertiary Cardiac Unit In United Kingdom
Authors: Refai Showkathali, John Davies, Paul Kelly, Jeremy Sayer, Rajesh Aggarwal, Gerald Clesham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Treatments for Wasting in Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Colleen Corcoran, Steven Grinspoon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Wasting was an early identifying characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, originally termed "slim disease" in Africa.1 As defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), wasting in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the involuntary loss of more than 10 percent of base-line body weight in combination with diarrhea, weakness, or fever.2 Wasting is considered an AIDS-defining condition. However, there is considerable controversy about the appropriate definition of AIDS wasting (whether it should be defined as the loss of 5 or 10 percent of usual weight) and whether changes in body composition, rather than . . .
PAINS OF PARIETAL ORIGIN SIMULATING VISCERAL DISEASE
Authors: ELI MOSCHCOWITZ
Journal: JAMA (1927)

When pain is referred to any portion of the trunk, the first impulse is to diagnose disease of the subjacent viscera. The present paper has been written to correct this tendency and to call attention to some conditions of the trunk wall that may simulate visceral disease. Differential diagnosis between parietal and visceral disease is often difficult, but certain signs and symptoms that I shall discuss are usually of value in the diagnosis. Curiously, little attention has been paid by observers to this broad group of conditions, probably because it belongs to the realms of minor medicine. The gross lesions of the trunk wall in which there are visible or palpatory evidences of disease are obviously not considered. I shall limit myself to those conditions in which the body trunk is apparently normal. These conditions may be grouped under the following headings, in the inverse order of their frequency: arthritis
Immunogenic HSV-mediated Oncolysis Shapes the Antitumor Immune Response and Contributes to Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Samuel T Workenhe, Graydon Simmons, Jonathan G Pol, Brian D Lichty, William P Halford, Karen L Mossman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Within the oncolytic virus field, the extent of virus replication that is essential for immune stimulation to control tumor growth remains unresolved. Using infected cell protein 0 (ICP0)-defective oncolytic Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 viruses (dICP0 and dNLS) that show differences in their in vitro replication and cytotoxicity, we investigated the inherent features of oncolytic HSV viruses that are required for potent antitumor activity. In vitro, the HSV-2 vectors showed rapid cytotoxicity despite lower viral burst sizes compared to HSV-1 vectors. In vivo, although both of the dICP0 vectors initially replicated to a similar level, HSV-1 dICP0 was rapidly cleared from the tumors. In spite of this rapid clearance, HSV-1 dICP0 treatment conferred significant survival benefit. HSV-1 dICP0-treated tumors showed significantly higher levels of danger-associated molecular patterns that correlated with higher numbers of antigen-presenting cells within the tumor and increased antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell levels in the peripheral blood. This study suggests that, at least in the context of oncolytic HSV, the initial stages of immunogenic virus replication leading to activation of antitumor immunity are more important than persistence of a replicating virus within the tumor. This knowledge provides important insight for the design of therapeutically successful oncolytic viruses.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate facilitates trafficking of hematopoietic stem cells and their mobilization by CXCR4 antagonists in mice
Authors: Julius G. Juarez, Nadia Harun, Marilyn Thien, Robert Welschinger, Rana Baraz, Aileen Dela Pena, Stuart M. Pitson, Michael Rettig, John F. DiPersio, Kenneth F. Bradstock, Linda J. Bendall
Journal: Blood (2011)