tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2263: Change in miRNA by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid affects lung cancer cell death via regulating thioredoxin
Authors: Bo R. You, Bo Ram Han, Woo Hyun Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor to have the anti-tumor effect. Here, we evaluated the anti-growth effect of SAHA on lung cancer (A549, SK-LU-1, HCC-95, HCC-1588, NCI-H460, NCI-H1299, Calu-6, HCC-33, NCI-H69) and normal lung (human small airway epithelial cells and human pulmonary fibroblast) cells in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thioredoxin (Trx) levels. SAHA inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells, and induced a G2/M phase arrest and apoptotic cell death in these cancer cells. In contrast, SAHA did not significantly inhibit the growth of normal lung cells and induce apoptotic cell death. Concerning the oxidative stress, SAHA increased ROS levels in lung cancer cells and induced glutathione (GSH) depletion. Moreover, it decreased the expression level of Trx1 in lung cancer cells. While the overexpression of Trx1 attenuated death and GSH depletion in SAHA-treated lung cancer cells, the downregulation of Trx1 intensified those in these cells. In addition, SAHA increased miR-629 level in lung cancer cells. The mRNA level of Trx1 was decreased by SAHA. Furthermore, the 3′ UTR region of Trx1 was regulated by miR-629. In conclusion, SAHA inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The growth inhibition was related to the levels of Trx1 and miR-629. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2008-0062279) and supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, (2013006279). Citation Format: Bo Ra You, Bo Ram Han, Woo Hyun Park. Change in miRNA by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid affects lung cancer cell death via regulating thioredoxin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2263. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2263
Cytomegalovirus Infection or Disease
Authors: JEFFREY A. GOLDEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1984Cytomegalovirus Infection or DiseaseJEFFREY A. GOLDEN, M.D.JEFFREY A. GOLDEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-882_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the informative report by Stover and associates (1) on bronchoalveolar lavage and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed hosts. I agree that bronchoalveolar lavage is safe and useful, and our own experience corroborates its high yield, especially in certain patient groups such as patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (2).One question that occurred to me on reviewing this report is how to differentiate between cytomegalovirus infection and disease. Previous reports imply the frequent finding of bothPneumocystis cariniipneumonia and cytomegalovirus infection in immunosuppressed patients. In our...References1. STOVERZAMANHAJDULANGEGOLDARMSTRONG DMSMJD. Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunosuppressed host. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:1-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BROADDUSDAKESTULBARGGOLDENHOPEWELL CMMJP. Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of opportunistic infections in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome [Abstract]. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;129:A35. Google Scholar1. STOVERZAMANHAJDULANGEGOLDARMSTRONG DMSMJD. Bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosing diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunocompromised host. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:1-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KOVACSHIEMENZMACHER JJA. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a comparison between patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and patients with other immunodeficiencies. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:663-71. LinkGoogle Scholar3. STOVERWHITEROMANOGELLENEROBESON DDPRW. Spectrum of pulmonary disease associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Am J Med. 1984. (In press). Google Scholar4. DODEKCOLEMANGOLDENLUCEMURRAYGOLD PDJJJW. Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation between pulmonary function testing and fiberoptic bronchoscopy [Abstract]. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983;81:127. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California Medical Center San Francisco, CA 94143 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByIntestinal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndromeRespiratory Complications of Cardiac TransplantationUtility of Airway Endoscopy in the Diagnosis of Respiratory Complications of Cardiac Transplantation 1 December 1984Volume 101, Issue 6Page: 882-883KeywordsAIDSBronchoalveolar lavageCytomegalovirus infectionPneumocystis carinii pneumoniaPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 December 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Phase 1 Gene Therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using a Translational Optimized AAV Vector
Authors: Dawn E Bowles, Scott WJ McPhee, Chengwen Li, Steven J Gray, Jade J Samulski, Angelique S Camp, Juan Li, Bing Wang, Paul E Monahan, Joseph E Rabinowitz, Joshua C Grieger, Lakshmanan Govindasamy, Mavis Agbandje-McKenna, Xiao Xiao, R Jude Samulski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Efficient and widespread gene transfer is required for successful treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here, we performed the first clinical trial using a chimeric adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid variant (designated AAV2.5) derived from a rational design strategy. AAV2.5 was generated from the AAV2 capsid with five mutations from AAV1. The novel chimeric vector combines the improved muscle transduction capacity of AAV1 with reduced antigenic crossreactivity against both parental serotypes, while keeping the AAV2 receptor binding. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase I clinical study in DMD boys, AAV2.5 vector was injected into the bicep muscle in one arm, with saline control in the contralateral arm. A subset of patients received AAV empty capsid instead of saline in an effort to distinguish an immune response to vector versus minidystrophin transgene. Recombinant AAV genomes were detected in all patients with up to 2.56 vector copies per diploid genome. There was no cellular immune response to AAV2.5 capsid. This trial established that rationally designed AAV2.5 vector was safe and well tolerated, lays the foundation of customizing AAV vectors that best suit the clinical objective (e.g., limb infusion gene delivery) and should usher in the next generation of viral delivery systems for human gene transfer.
Thioridazine-Induced Cholestasis
Authors: Maurice Barancik
Journal: JAMA (1967)

SINCE chlorpromazine was introduced in 1952, the list of phenothiazines causing cholestasis has grown considerably. In addition to chlorpromazine, other icterogenic phenothiazines are promazine, prochlorperazine, mepazine, and trifluoperazine.<sup>1</sup>This complication occurs in less than 1% of individuals taking phenothiazines.<sup>1,2</sup> Phenothiazine cholestasis is benign and almost always remits when the offending drug is discontinued.<sup>1-5</sup>In fact there may be remission of jaundice while the drug is being administered.<sup>4</sup>Cases are reported in which there was progression of the condition to xanthomatous biliary cirrhosis.<sup>1-3,5,6</sup>Cohen has recently stated that "an unequivocal case of jaundice due to thioridazine is not known."<sup>2</sup> In 1959, Block<sup>7</sup>reported jaundice in a 79-year-old woman who was administered modest doses of thioridazine for a nine-month period. At the end of that time, her bilirubin level was 1.2 mg/100 ml and her transaminase level was elevated. Within two weeks of stopping thioridazine,
Tumor enhancers: underestimated factors in the epidemiology of lifestyle-associated cancers.
Authors: E L Wynder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Model studies in carcinogenesis give ample evidence of synergistic, tumor-promoting and cocarcinogenic effects of environmental agents and dietary factors in regard to the induction and propagation of neoplasms. This presentation examines tumor enhancers deriving from the use of tobacco and alcohol as well as the effects of dietary fat and other food components on endocrinological and gastrointestinal factors that contribute to tumor development in the breast and colon. It is suggested that epidemiologic surveys need to intensify investigations on the interrelationship of tumor enhancers and genotoxic agents in high risk populations and that they need to study especially the dose-response effects of such agents. Experimental studies should focus increasingly on epidemiologic leads that suggest potential enhancers of genotoxic agents and should delineate mechanisms involved in such multistep carcinogenesis processes. This approach would be a prerequisite for chemoprevention. Recommendations for changes of lifestyle habits and practical approaches towards reduction of tumor enhancers in consumer goods and in the environment are additional requirements for appropriate preventive strategies.
Hypercalcemia, Heart-Block, And Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Lee Sataline
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  In their paper, Complete Heart Block Complicating Hyperthyroidism ( 212 :2117, 1970), the authors suggest that other factors, such as infection or digitalis therapy, may contribute to the development of the arrhythmia. Another predisposing factor might be hypercalcemia which occurs in about 15% of the patients with hyperthyroidism. 1 Variations in the calcium concentration of cardiac muscle are fundamental for excitation-contraction coupling in muscle and may represent the basic mechanism for drug action. 2   Report of a Case.—  A 52-year-old woman was recently hospitalized at this institution following the onset of atrial fibrillation with a ventricular response of 140 beats per minute. There was no history of previous cardiac disease and the only other complaint was a weight loss of 140 lb in six months prior to admission. Results of routine laboratory studies were normal. (The serum calcium level determination was not requested.)  Digoxin therapy, 1.5 mg in
Intussusception Due to Segmental Aganglionosis
Authors: Arthur G. Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1961)

INTUSSUSCEPTION is a frequent abdominal emergency of childhood, its treatment having captured the interest of physicians since Jonathan Hutchinson's first operative reduction in 1873.<sup>1</sup>Although numerous theories exist as to the cause of this condition, approximately 95 per cent of all cases remain without a specific etiologic agent. In the remaining 5 per cent, specific causative factors such as Meckel's diverticulum, intestinal polyp, duplication of small bowel, etc., have been described.<sup>1-4</sup>We recently observed a patient with a previously undescribed specific cause of intussusception, segmental aganglionosis, whose case is reported here. <h3>Case History</h3> A 4-month-old female infant was admitted to the 97th General Hospital in January, 1958, with abdominal colic, vomiting, and obstipation; a right lower quadrant mass was palpable on physical examination. Barium enema examination confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of intussusception, but hydrostatic reduction was not possible. Abdominal exploration was then done and reduction accomplished, but
Glucose Tolerance in Granuloma Annulare
Authors: Gerald S Kidd, Gene E Graff, Bernard F Davies, Michael T McDermott, John L Aeling, Fred D Hofeldt
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

Granuloma annulare (GA) may be associated with glucose intolerance. Twenty-one patients with GA were evaluated. Four patients were found to have frank diabetes mellitus and 2 were excluded from the data analysis because of obesity. The remaining patients and 14 age- and weight-matched controls had oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (GTT). During the oral GTT the fasting plasma glucose, the 2-h plasma glucose, the area of the glucose curve, the 1-h serum insulin, and the area of the insulin curve were all significantly greater in the GA patients than in the controls. During the intravenous GTT the immediately releasable insulin pool was intact, while the fasting plasma glucose and the area of the glucose curve were greater in the GA patients than in the controls. The data taken together suggest that glucose tolerance may be reduced in GA and that insulin resistance may exist.
Abstract 989: The crosstalk of mTOR/S6K1 and Hedgehog pathways
Authors: Yan Wang, Weiya Xia, Jing-Yu Lang, Jennifer Hsu, Huamin Wang, Jaffer Ajani, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the most prevalent esophageal cancer type in the United States, and TNFα/mTOR pathway is known to mediate the development of EAC. Additionally, aberrant activation of Gli1, downstream effector of hedgehog pathway, has been observed in EAC. In this study, we found that activated mTOR/S6K1 pathway promotes Gli1 transcriptional activity and oncogenic function through S6K1-mediated Gli1 phosphorylation at Ser84, which releases Gli1 from its endogenous inhibitor, SuFu. Moreover, elimination of S6K1 activation by mTOR pathway inhibitor enhances the killing effects of the hedgehog pathway inhibitor. Together, our results established a crosstalk between mTOR/S6K1 and the hedgehog pathways, which provides not only a new mechanism for non-canonical hedgehog pathway but also a rationale for combination therapy for EAC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 989. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-989
CEACAM1 inhibits Toll-like receptor 2–triggered antibacterial responses of human pulmonary epithelial cells
Authors: Hortense Slevogt, Solveig Zabel, Bastian Opitz, Andreas Hocke, Julia Eitel, Philippe D N'Guessan, Lothar Lucka, Kristian Riesbeck, Wolfgang Zimmermann, Janine Zweigner, Bettina Temmesfeld-Wollbrueck, Norbert Suttorp, Bernhard B Singer
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
Palliative care in India lags behind government initiatives
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Patients across India who would qualify for palliative care do not seem to be getting morphine for pain management despite government initiatives that have led to simplified opioid licensing rules and increased production.

A report from the World Health Organization last week said that opioid analgesics remain underused in India, although the southern state of Kerala has established an efficient opioid administration programme that holds lessons for the rest of the country.1

The report on responsible use of drugs mirrors concerns expressed by sections of India’s medical community over the poor expansion of palliative care …
Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis with Intravitreous Cidofovir in Patients with AIDS: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Firas M. Rahhal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Background: Cytomegalovirus retinitis remains a major cause of illness in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and existing therapies for this condition are relatively ineffective and toxic. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreous cidofovir injections alone for initial and maintenance therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis. Design: Prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive case series. Setting: University ophthalmology referral clinic. Patients: 22 patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis. In 15 of 32 affected eyes, intravitreous cidofovir was administered as the initial treatment for cytomegalovirus retinitis (group A); 17 eyes had previously been treated with intravenous therapy (group B). Intervention: All eyes were intravitreously injected with 20 µg of cidofovir at 5- to 6-week intervals. No patient in either group received systemic anticytomegalovirus therapy at any time during the study period. Measurements: Healing of retinitis was defined as resolution of retinal opacification and cessation of border progression. Progression, the primary end point, was defined as 750µmof border progression or development of a new lesion. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 15.3 weeks (range, 5 to 44 weeks). Of the eyes with active retinitis, 100% (95% CI, 87% to 100%) healed in response to the initial injection. In two eyes (6%; CI, 0% to 15%), two episodes of retinitis progression occurred (one in each eye). Both of these eyes were in a patient with clinically resistant retinitis. In 3% of eyes (CI, 0% to 9%), the retina became detached. Mild iritis developed after 14% of the injections that had been preceded by prophylaxis with oral probenecid. Irreversible, visually significant hypotonia developed in one eye. Conclusion: Treatment and subsequent maintenance of cytomegalovirus retinitis with 20 µg of intravitreously injected cidofovir, given at 5- to 6-week intervals, is safe and highly effective.
Effects of Low-Dose Beraprost Sodium, a Stable Prostaglandin I<sub>2</sub> Analogue, on Reperfusion Injury to Rabbit Lungs
Authors: XIAO-WEN JIANG, KENJIRO KAMBARA, NAOKI GOTOH, KAZUHIKO NISHIGAKI, HISAYOSHI FUJIWARA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We investigated the effects of low-dose Beraprost sodium (BPS), a stable prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) analogue, on microvascular permeability and the plasma concentrations of thromboxane and adenosine 3 ′ ,5 ′ -cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in blood-perfused rabbit lungs subjected to ischemia–reperfusion (I/R). After an ischemic insult for 2 h, saline as a vehicle, 3 pmol/L of BPS (BPS-1), 150 to 300 pmol/L of BPS (BPS-2), 900 pmol/L of BPS (BPS-3), or 60 μ mol/L of indomethacin (IND) was administered into the reservoir, then the lungs were reperfused and reventilated for 1 h. Vascular permeability was assessed by determining the microvascular filtration coefficient (Kf, ml/min/mm Hg/100 g wet lung). I/R resulted in increases in vascular resistance, Kf, and thromboxane. BPS-2, BPS-3, and IND inhibited the increase in vascular resistance, and BPS-3 and IND attenuated the increases in Kf and thromboxane. BPS-3 increased, but IND decreased, the concentrations of cAMP in the perfusate. Perfusate thromboxane released after reperfusion was significantly correlated with Kf. We conclude that cyclooxygenase products play a critical role in I/R-induced lung vascular injury and that 900 pmol/L of BPS inhibits the production of thromboxane and enhances the permeability barrier via a cAMP-elevating effect. However, vasodilatory action of BPS may exacerbate the reperfused lung injury by increasing the flow through injured capillaries via inhibition of thromboxane-induced vasoconstriction.
The Use of Biomonitoring Data in Exposure and Human Health Risk Assessments
Authors: Richard Albertini, Michael Bird, Nancy Doerrer, Larry Needham, Steven Robison, Linda Sheldon, Harold Zenick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Biomonitoring uses analytic methods that permit the accurate measurement of low levels of environmental chemicals in human tissues. However, depending on the intended use, biomonitoring, like all exposure tools, may not be a stand-alone exposure assessment tool for some of its environmental public health uses. Although biomonitoring data demonstrate that many environmental chemicals are absorbed in human tissues, uncertainty exists regarding if and at what concentrations many of these chemicals cause adverse health outcomes. Moreover, without exposure pathway information, it is difficult to relate biomonitoring results to sources and routes of exposure and develop effective health risk management strategies. In September 2004, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and International Council of Chemical Associations co-sponsored the International Biomonitoring Workshop, which explored the processes and information needed for placing biomonitoring data into perspective for risk assessment purposes, with special emphasis on integrating biomarker measurements of exposure, internal dose, and potential health outcome. Scientists from international governments, academia, and industry recommended criteria for applying biomonitoring data for various uses. Six case studies, which are part of this mini-monograph, were examined: inorganic arsenic, methyl eugenol, organophosphorus pesticides, perfluorooctanesulfonate, phthalates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Based on the workshop and follow-up discussions, this overview article summarizes lessons learned, identifies data gaps, outlines research needs, and offers guidance for designing and conducting biomonitoring studies, as well as interpreting biomonitoring data in the context of risk assessment and risk management.
β-Blockers and Migraine
Authors: Donald J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Experience with propranolol hydrochloride as an effective agent in the prophylaxis of migraine dates from the mid-1960s.<sup>1-3</sup>A series of uncontrolled observations was published then, leading to subsequent controlled data that confirmed these observations in the next decade.<sup>4-6</sup> Subsequently, as the number of β-blockers proliferated, like mushrooms in a bog, questions have arisen regarding their relative efficacy in migraine prophylaxis. To wit, which drug to use? Is one drug better than the other? Physicians who treat migraine, already confronted by patients holding their heads, and beset by shadows dancing on the wall, have been unable to answer these queries. That may still be the case, but enough information pertaining to β-blockers and migraine has now been accumulated from various sources to be summarized in tabular form (Table). In a study published in this issue (p 2576), Stellar et al<sup>7</sup>have reconfirmed that migraine can be prevented by
PLAB: time for evidence based change
Authors: B. H. M. Hunn
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Two recent analyses have focused on the standard of the Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) test. The data linked PLAB performance with postgraduate outcomes in specialty training exams and annual competency reviews, and compared these with the achievements of British medical school graduates.1 2 Both found that those entering the workforce through the PLAB performed poorly, and that raising the pass mark may ameliorate this. …
Epidemiology of Diphtheria in San Antonio, Tex, 1970
Authors: Edgar K. Marcuse
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In 1970, 196 diphtheria cases were reported from San Antonio, Tex. Rates were highest for children 5 to 14 years old. The rate for blacks and Chicanos was 12.5 times as high as that for Anglos. The incidence rate for the upper 25% of the population by socioeconomic status was 5.6 cases per 100,000; for the lower 25% it was 62 cases per 100,000. Mass immunization programs conducted at the peak of the epidemic were not associated with a prompt reduction in incidence. Forty-seven years after the introduction of diphtheria toxoid, substantial segments of the United States population are still not immunized against diphtheria. Until diphtheria toxoid immunization can be made truly "routine" for all segments of the population, it is likely that sporadic large outbreaks of diphtheria will continue to occur in the United States.