tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapamycin-Eluting Stents in the Arterial Duct
Authors: Kyong-Jin Lee, Aleksander Hinek, Rajiv R. Chaturvedi, Claudia L. Almeida, Osami Honjo, Gideon Koren, Leland N. Benson
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Maintaining arterial duct patency by stent implantation may be advantageous in congenital heart disease management algorithms. Rapamycin, an immunosuppressant drug that demonstrates antiproliferative properties and inhibits smooth muscle cell migration, may deter the intimal hyperplasia that occurs during spontaneous closure and after-stent implantation of the arterial duct.Twenty-eight Yorkshire piglets (7 to 11 days old; weight, 2.2 to 4.9 kg) underwent stent implantation of the arterial duct (rapamycin-eluting (n=14) or bare metal (n=14) stents, 3.5-mm diameter) and were euthanized at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Dissected arterial ducts were analyzed for lumen diameter, smooth muscle cell, and extracellular matrix components. Isolated arterial duct-derived smooth muscle cells were cultured in the presence or absence of rapamycin. Cellular proliferation rates were assessed by Ki-67 detection and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation. No significant neointimal proliferation was present in either stent type at 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, the median luminal diameters of the bare metal stents were 87% (P=0.009), 54% (P=0.004), and 77% (P=0.004) that of the drug-eluting stents at the middle and aortic and pulmonary artery ends, respectively. At 6 weeks, the median luminal diameters of the bare metal stents were 0% (P=0.18), 5% (P=0.25), and 61% (P=0.13) that of the drug-eluting stents at the same respective levels. Complete histological occlusion was found in at least 1 level of the lumen in 9 pigs: 1 (17%) in the BMS group at 4 weeks, 5 (83%) in the BMS group at 6 weeks, and 3 (50%) in the DES group at 6 weeks. In vitro studies demonstrated 50%-lower proliferation rates in rapamycin-treated cultures of duct-derived smooth muscle cell cultures (P<0.001).Rapamycin has antiproliferative actions on the arterial duct. Drug-eluting stents may be a more efficient tool than current palliative options for maintaining patency in critically duct-dependent states, but there may be a finite time-related benefit.
P697 SERUM LEVELS OF HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN (HBsAg) PREDICT HEPATIC FIBROSIS SEVERITY IN E ANTIGEN-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (HBeAg+VE CHB) PATIENTS
Authors: P. Marcellin, M. Martinot-Peignoux, G. Lau, Y.-F. Liaw, D. Messinger, V. Rothe, R. Batrla, T. Asselah
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
A Syndrome of Immunoglobulin A Deficiency, Diabetes Mellitus, Malabsorption, and a Common HLA Haplotype
Authors: DAVID H. VAN THIEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Three persons in a kindred of 43 had variable expression of a syndrome consisting of immunoglobulin A deficiency, diabetes mellitus, malabsorption, and a common HLA haplotype. Findings from the proband included lifethreatening malabsorption; idiopathic intestinal mucosal atrophy with inflammation; IgA deficiency and antibodies to multiple endocrine organs; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; and the major histocompatibility antigens HLA-A2, B8, and DW3. In addition to the described syndrome other conditions present in the family include Graves' disease, vitiligo, hypocomplementemia, rheumatic fever, multiple sclerosis, and a nigh frequency of antibodies to endocrine tissue. Since Graves' disease, diabetes mellitus, and idiopathic Addison's disease have all been described in association with HLA-B8 and DW3, we believe that the occurrence of these diseases in this family suggests that a single immune response gene or gene complex is linked with HLA-B8 and DW3.
Renal Dysfunction Associated With Methoxyflurane Anesthesia
Authors: Richard I. Mazze
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In a randomized, prospective, controlled clinical study, methoxyflurane anesthesia produced high-output renal insufficiency. A syndrome was observed, characterized by polyuria, lack of responsiveness to infusion of vasopressin injection, marked weight loss, and delayed return to preoperative renal concentrating ability. Also noted were hypernatremia, serum hyperosmolality, elevated blood urea nitrogen levels, increases in serum creatinine and serum uric acid, and a decrease in uric acid clearance. These changes indicate a lesion of the distal nephron. Polyuria and dehydration following operation added difficulty to the clinical treatment of six of the 12 patients studied. All of the remaining six patients had abnormalities of at least one of the variables measured.
My first case
Authors: Caleb W Davies
Journal: BMJ (2004)

providing the relevant datasets, and A Rixom, J Billet, N Kendall, and P Old for sharing their experience.Contributors: AR headed the investigation team.DP and HO carried out data validation checks and exploratory analysis.PM was part of the investigation team and provided guidance and support throughout and was our link with the Department of Health and the team at Imperial College, London.MAM provided a framework for the investigation, undertook analysis of the dataset from the
642 BARCELONA-CLINIC-LIVER-CANCER (BCLC) STAGING AND ACTUAL THERAPY RECEIVED IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC), COMPARING DIAGNOSIS PRE-2006 AND 2006 AND LATER
Authors: N. Merchante, L. Kikuchi, K. Marks, A. Rivero, E. Palys, R. Mata, A. Wigg, M.-L. Vachon, M. Silva, M. Márquez-Molero, M. Jain, M. Goetz, M. Sherman, N. Bräu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Perineural Spread of Skin Carcinoma to the Base of the Skull: Detection With FDG PET and CT Fusion
Authors: Gary R. Conrad, Partha Sinha, Markus Holzhauer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 66-year-old man underwent 2-F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for evaluation of new-onset left jaw pain approximately 5 years after the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip. His initial surgery included a Mohs excision. As a result of tumor invasion, he subsequently underwent resection of his left lower lip, chin, and cheek as well as segmental mandibulectomy. Reconstruction included a Synthes plate and platysmal mucocutaneous flap. One week before the FDG PET scan, he underwent contrast computed tomography (CT) of the neck, which revealed enhancement of the left medial pterygoid muscle and widening of the mandibular foramen of the ipsilateral mandible. PET showed FDG hypermetabolism in the floor of the mouth near the site of the mandibular resection. PET also showed hypermetabolism tracking in the lateral face to the skull base. Fusion of PET with CT demonstrated this hypermetabolism to follow the course of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3). Exploratory surgery and accompanying histopathology confirmed the suspected recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma within pterygoid musculature, as well as the imaging diagnosis of perineural spread along V3. A search of the medical literature reveals no prior report of large perineural spread diagnosed with FDG PET using PET/CT fusion.
283 A NON-REDUNDANT ROLE OF THE PLATELET-DERIVED CHEMOKINE CXCL4 (PF4) IN EXPERIMENTAL LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: M. Moreno Zaldivar, K. Pauels, M.-L. Berres, P. Schmitz, A. Kowalska, R. Weiskirchen, C. Weber, C. Trautwein, H.E. Wasmuth
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The influence of area of application on sensitization by dinitrochlorobenzene
Authors: J.L. REES, P.S. FRIEDMANN, J.N.S. MATTHEWS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article The influence of area of application on sensitization by dinitrochlorobenzene Get access J.L. REES, J.L. REES University Departments of Dermatology, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.S. FRIEDMANN, P.S. FRIEDMANN University Departments of Dermatology, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Dr P.S.Friedmann. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.N.S. MATTHEWS J.N.S. MATTHEWS Medical Statistics, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue 1, 1 January 1990, Pages 29–31, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08236.x Published: 01 January 1990
Use of the Passive Voice-Reply
Authors: James Ransom
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In response to so learned a letter, I am ashamed to offer only one bit of anecdotal evidence: I have spent most of my time during the past 30 years reading and editing medical book manuscripts. In general, I find that the men and women who come to us as authors write very much the way they speak, which is to say rather well. The only problems I ever have to deal with regarding active<i>v</i>passive voice arise when an author struggles to avoid a natural passive because he or she has "read somewhere" that the active voice is strong and womanly and the passive "less direct, less bold, less concise."<sup>1</sup>I sent the piece on passive voice to<i>JAMA</i>because<i>Elements of Style</i>has been overly influential on that point and because other essayists direct similar remarks to creative writers, forgetting that there is a
Increased prolyl hydroxylase activity and collagen synthesis in hepatocyte cultures exposed to superoxide
Authors: Zamirul M. Hussain, John A. Watson, Rajendra S. Bhatnagar
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Primary monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes at confluence were exposed to an exogenously added source of superoxide, and its influence on collagen synthesis was examined. Superoxide was generated by the addition of dihydroxyfumarate to the culture medium. Exposure of hepatocytes to dihydroxyfumarate greatly stimulated the activity of prolyl hydroxylase and the synthesis of collagen. A significant increase in prolyl hydroxylase activity was observed with 5 μg per ml dihydroxyfumarate in 24 hr relative to that in the untreated cultures. Maximum stimulation of greater than 3-fold compared to the control value was elicited by 25 μg per ml dihydroxyfumarate. When scavengers of superoxide such as superoxide dismutase and Cu(Lys) 2 were added in the medium, the increase in prolyl hydroxylase activity induced by dihydroxyfumarate was nearly abolished. Experiments with actinomycin D indicated that synthesis of new RNA was involved in the stimulation of prolyl hydroxylase activity. Analysis of collagen synthesis in cultures exposed to dihydroxyfumarate also showed a marked increase compared to that of the untreated cultures. The presence of superoxide dismutase in the medium significantly reduced the increase in collagen synthesis. Our results indicate that superoxide mediates the stimulation of collagen synthesis in hepatocytes. These findings may provide a possible explanation for excess collagen formation during induced liver fibrosis.
Reduction of Heat Stress by a Man-cooling Device: Radiotelemetered Physiologic Observations.
Authors: W. F. Lienhard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Reduction of Heat Stress by a Man-cooling Device: Radiotelemetered Physiologic Observations.W. F. Lienhard, M.D. (Associate), J. P. Hughes, M.D. (Associate)W. F. Lienhard, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, J. P. Hughes, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-728_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHeat stress in workmen in an aluminum plant in Southern Louisiana has been reduced by providing a microenvironment of cool, clean air for each man, a more efficient practice than any of the older methods of mass air movement, or radiant heat shielding, or spot cooling on the job site. An individual lightweight vortex tube unit operated on compressed air and worn at the waist is now used to deliver cool filtered air to the head and trunk through flexible tubing beneath a simple fabric hood and ordinary work clothing.The observed physiologic benefits of man-cooling during repetitive heavy work... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 728-728 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Retinoic acid fails to reverse emphysema in adult mouse models
Authors: M Fujita, Q Ye, H Ouchi, N Nakashima, N Hamada, N Hagimoto, K Kuwano, R J Mason, Y Nakanishi
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Previous work has shown that all-trans-retinoic acid reverses elastase induced emphysema in rats. Since there is currently no effective treatment for pulmonary emphysema, the effect of retinoic acid should be further investigated in other adult species. A study was undertaken using two murine models of emphysema to evaluate the effect of retinoic acid.The models used were an elastase induced emphysema model for acute alveolar destruction and a tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha transgenic mouse which exhibits chronic air space enlargement, loss of elastic recoil, increased lung volume, and pulmonary hypertension comparable to human pulmonary emphysema. All-trans-retinoic acid (2 mg/kg) was injected for 12 successive days after the establishment of emphysema. The effects of treatment were evaluated using physiological and morphometric analyses.In contrast to the rat, administration of all-trans-retinoic acid in these murine models did not improve the emphysema. Moreover, worsening of emphysema was observed in TNF-alpha transgenic mice treated with all-trans-retinoic acid. The level of keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), a CXC chemokine, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was increased in TNF-alpha transgenic mice following retinoic acid treatment. These data raise the possibility that retinoic acid causes deterioration of emphysema by promoting inflammation in this model.In these models, retinoic acid did not show positive effects on emphysema. The effect of retinoic acid in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema remains controversial, and further studies are required to determine its physiological effects under a variety of experimental conditions.
Mortality From Abortion and Childbirth
Authors: Willard Cates
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Critics have challenged previous comparisons of mortality from legal abortion and childbirth for containing biases in the crude data that spuriously favor the safety of abortion. To evaluate this concern, we reviewed the sources of mortality data on which these comparisons are based and examined the completeness of abortion mortality statistics, the completeness of childbirth mortality statistics, and the accuracy of the denominators for both these events. We found the evidence to be consistent in two directions: (1) abortion deaths appear to be more completely ascertained than childbirth deaths; (2) use of different denominator estimates has relatively little impact on the comparison. From this evidence, we conclude that the crude data are biased in a direction that overestimates the abortion risks for the women relative to the risks of childbearing.
Treatment allocation in trials: block randomisation
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers investigated the efficacy of nicotine patches in pregnant smokers. A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group, multicentre trial study design was used. The intervention was 16 hour nicotine patches administered until the time of delivery. Participants were pregnant smokers aged over 18 years, whose babies were between 12 and 20 weeks’ gestation, and who smoked at least five cigarettes a day. In total, 402 women were recruited from 23 maternity wards throughout France. Participants were allocated to treatment (203 to nicotine patches and 199 to placebo patches) by block randomisation, using a block size of four.1

The primary outcome measures included complete abstinence until delivery and birth weight. Complete abstinence was achieved by 5.5% (n=11) of women in the nicotine patch group and 5.1% (n=10) in the placebo group (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 2.60). The mean birth weight was 3065 g (standard error 44 g) in the nicotine patch group and 3015 g (44 g) in the placebo group (P=0.41). The researchers concluded that the nicotine patches did not significantly increase smoking cessation rates or birth weights.

Which of the following statements, if any, are true?

Statements a and e are true, whereas b , c , and d are false.

The aim of …
Assessment of regional ventilation by continuous inhalation of radioactive krypton-81m.
Authors: F Fazio, T Jones
Journal: BMJ (1975)

A simple technique is described for producing high-quality functional images of regional ventilation during physiological tidal breathing of the inert gas 81mKr. These images are quickly obtained on a gamma-camera without the need of computerized systems for data acquisition and display and are directly comparable with those of perfusion obtained with 99mTc-labelled macroaggregates. The short time required for the procedure, its simplicity, and the extremely low absorbed-radiation dose enable serial images of ventilation to be obtained in multiple views.
Evidence based general practice: a retrospective study of interventions in one training practice
Authors: P Gill, A C Dowell, R D Neal, N Smith, P Heywood, A E Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To estimate the proportion of interventions in general practice that are based on evidence from clinical trials and to assess the appropriateness of such an evaluation.Retrospective review of case notes.One suburban training general practice.122 consecutive doctor-patient consultations over two days.Proportions of interventions based on randomised controlled trials (from literature search with Medline, pharmaceutical databases, and standard textbooks), on convincing non-experimental evidence, and without substantial evidence.21 of the 122 consultations recorded were excluded due to insufficient data; 31 of the interventions were based on randomised controlled trial evidence and 51 based on convincing non-experimental evidence. Hence 82/101 (81%) of interventions were based on evidence meeting our criteria.Most interventions within general practice are based on evidence from clinical trials, but the methods used in such trials may not be the most appropriate to apply to this setting.
Toxic shock syndrome. Evaluation of national surveillance data using a hospital discharge survey
Authors: L. E. Markowitz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Data from the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities, Professional Activities Study were used to estimate the incidence and geographic distribution of hospitalized patients with toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in the United States in 1981 and 1982. There were 1004 discharges with a diagnosis of TSS from hospitals participating in the study. These discharges could not be validated using clinical criteria. Using these data, the projected incidences for the United States were 0.78/100 000 and 0.84/100 000 total population in 1981 and 1982, respectively. Female patients, 15 to 19 years of age, had the highest age-specific incidence (4.8/100 000). Race, sex, and geographic distributions of cases reported to the national surveillance system were similar to those of patients discharged with a diagnosis of TSS from hospitals participating in the study. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:75-78)
Reply to Lina Matera's Letter to the Editor re: Markus J. Bader, Ronald Sroka, Christian Gratzke, et al. Laser Therapy for Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Indications and Management. Eur Urol 2009; 56: 65–71
Authors: Markus J. Bader, Michael Seitz, Oliver Reich, Christian G. Stief, Christian Gratzke
Journal: European Urology (2009)
The Cambridge Cholera Fungus
Authors: E. Klein
Journal: BMJ (1886)

I HAVE read with great surprise Mr. Gardiner's letter in your issue of January 20 (p. 271). We are there told that on reconsideration Mr. Gardiner has now come to the conclusion that the organism which he saw in Prof. Roy's preparations of the intestinal mucous membrane—which Prof. Roy took to be the more usual and typical form, and which Mr. Gardiner then thought to belong to the Chitridiaceae—is probably the particular phase in the life-history of Bacterium known as an involution form, i.e. “a thin and somewhat moniliform filament which at one end exhibited a distinct nodular swelling.” If Mr. Gardiner has studied the filaments of a growth of mould in animal tissues, he must have come across numbers of such forms. But granting for the sake of argument that what Mr. Gardiner saw in Prof. Roy's specimens bears a resemblance to and is in reality an involution form of Bacterium, how about the branched threads figured in the Report by Messrs. Roy, Brown, and Sherrington in No. 247 of the Proceedings of the Royal Society, on p. 179?
Fever, abdominal pain, and leucopenia during treatment with cimetidine.
Authors: C L Corbett, C D Holdsworth
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Jaundice during cyproheptadine treatmentCyproheptadine is a potent antagonist of histamine and serotonin and is widelv used as an appetite stimulant, for symptomatic relief of pruritus, and in Cushing's syndrome.'Although it has a similar structure to the phenothiazine antihistamines (see fig), we know of no previous reports of jaundice attributable to the drug. Case reportA 25-vear-old Iraqi woman had had intermittent pruritus for several years.In October 1975, while temporarily resident in the United Kingdom, symptoms recurred and she consulted one of us (TD).She had received no drug treatment except for oral contraceptives, which had been discontinued one year previously for non-medical reasons.No clinical abnormality was detected and cyproheptadine hydrochloride (Periactin) 12 mg day was prescribed.In November 1975, one month after starting the drug, she developed right upper abdominal discomfort and jaundice with pale stools and darkened urine.The liver was non-tender and enlarged 2 cm, and the spleen was impalpable.Liver function tests confirmed cholestatic jaundice: serum bilirubin 112 Mumol 1 (6 5 mg 100 ml); serum aspartate transaminase (SGOT) 107 U 1; serum alanine transaminase (SGPT) 210 Ull; serum alkaline phosphatase 2400 U 1 (normal range for our laboratory 80-280 U/1).Cyproheptadine was discontinued and chlorpheniramine (Piriton) 16 mg/day substituted.One month later she was still jaundiced, though the liver was impalpable.Serum bilirubin was 130 kmol 1 (7 6 mg 100 ml); SGOT 120 U 1; SGPT 201 U 1; and alkaline phosphatase 418 U 1. Coagulation
Salvage Radiotherapy for Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mitchell S. Anscher
Journal: JAMA (2004)

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