tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Marital Sexual Dysfunction: Female Dysfunctions
Authors: STEPHEN B. LEVINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The diagnosis, treatment, and referral of married women with sexual dysfunctions require information about the current physiologic deficit, previous sexual capacity, level of sexual desire, masturbatory experience, means of orgasmic attainment, preferred sexual partner, quality of marriage, husband's sexual capacities, and method of contraception. For classification purposes, the three basic physiologic deficits—excitement phase dysfunction, orgasmic phase dysfunction, and vaginismus—are subdivided into primary and secondary types. Primary dysfunctions represent longstanding developmental problems and are usually purely psychological in origin. Secondary dysfunctions occur after a period of normal sexual functioning and may be organic or psychological in origin. The actual determinants of dysfunctions are not well understood, but those factors commonly associated are discussed. The lack of knowledge about the nature of sexual desire, prevalence of dysfunctions, and significance of the inability to attain orgasm with coitus is emphasized. The physician's role in giving advice and treatment is defined.
Variants of the lipoprotein lipase gene associate with altered lipid/ lipoprotein profiles in the caerphilly heart disease study
Authors: Raj K. Mattu, Edward W. Needham, Dimitri J. Richter, Manola Soccio, Jasper Trevelyan, Peter Elwood, John W. Yarnell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Hypertension and Maternal–Fetal Conflict during Placental Malaria
Authors: Atis Muehlenbachs, Theonest K Mutabingwa, Sally Edmonds, Michal Fried, Patrick E Duffy
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Malaria and hypertension are major causes of maternal mortality in tropical countries, especially during first pregnancies, but evidence for a relationship between these syndromes is contradictory.In a cross-sectional survey of Tanzanian parturients, the rate of hypertension was similar in placental malaria (PM)-positive (11/85 = 13%) and PM-negative (73/602 = 12%) individuals. However, we found that PM was associated with hypertension in first-time mothers aged 18-20 y but not other mothers. Hypertension was also associated with histologic features of chronic malaria, which is common in first-time mothers. Levels of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR1), a preeclampsia biomarker, were elevated in first-time mothers with either PM, hypertension, or both, but levels were not elevated in other mothers with these conditions. In first-time mothers with PM, the inflammatory mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was localized to maternal macrophages in the placenta, while sVEGFR1, its soluble inhibitor, was localized to the fetal trophoblast.The data suggest that maternal-fetal conflict involving the VEGF pathway occurs during PM, and that sVEGFR1 may be involved in the relationship between chronic PM and hypertension in first-time mothers. Because placental inflammation causes poor fetal outcomes, we hypothesize that fetal mechanisms that promote sVEGFR1 expression may be under selective pressure during first pregnancies in malaria-endemic areas.
Erythrophagocytosis of Lead-Exposed Erythrocytes by Renal Tubular Cells: Possible Role in Lead-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: So-Youn Kwon, Ok-Nam Bae, Ji-Yoon Noh, Keunyoung Kim, Seojin Kang, Young-Jun Shin, Kyung-Min Lim, Jin-Ho Chung
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Nephrotoxicity associated with lead poisoning has been frequently reported in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully described.We examined the role of erythrocytes, one of the major lead reservoirs, in lead-associated nephrotoxicity.Co-incubation of lead-exposed human erythrocytes with HK-2 human renal proximal tubular cells resulted in renal tubular cytotoxicity, suggesting a role of erythrocytes in lead-induced nephrotoxicity. Morphological and flow cytometric analyses revealed that HK-2 cells actively phagocytized lead-exposed erythrocytes, which was associated with phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization on the erythrocyte membrane and generation of PS-bearing microvesicles. Increased oxidative stress and up-regulation of nephrotoxic biomarkers, such as NGAL, were observed in HK-2 cells undergoing erythrophagocytosis. Moreover, TGF-β, a marker of fibrosis, was also significantly up-regulated. We examined the significance of erythrophagocytosis in lead-induced nephrotoxicity in rats exposed to lead via drinking water for 12 weeks. We observed iron deposition and generation of oxidative stress in renal tissues of lead-exposed rats, as well as the histopathological alterations such as tubulointerstitial lesions, fibrosis, and up-regulation of KIM-1, NGAL, and TGF-β.Our data strongly suggest that erythrophagocytosis and subsequent iron deposition in renal tubular cells could significantly enhance nephrotoxicity following lead exposure, providing insight on lead-associated kidney damages.
Avril Gwendoline Parry (nee Clarke)
Authors: A. Mansfield
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Avril Gwendoline Parry (nee Clarke) was at school in Grove Park School in Wrexham. She had one brother, John, and her father was a chemical engineer at Monsanto. During the second world war the family home was filled with the extended family and evacuees. She was an enthusiastic girl guide and obtained her Queen’s guide award at the age of 16.

She began her student career in Liverpool in 1955 and was always an excellent …
Serodiagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: I-HSIN CHIANG, JEN SUO, KUAN-JEN BAI, TAO-PING LIN, KWEN-TAY LUH, CHONG-JEN YU, PAN-CHYR YANG
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To compare the efficacy of different mycobacterial specific antigens and to assess the applicability of the combination of several different antigens in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, three ELISA tests derived by Antigen 60, 38kda, and Kp90 were evaluated in 594 Chinese patients (312 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 282 control subjects). Quantified levels of sensitivity and specificity were compared with those in the nontuberculous control groups. Antigen 60 IgG (sensitivity and specificity, 80.77 and 88.4%) was more antigenic and more effective in its determination than was 38kda IgG (sensitivity and specificity, 64.21 and 80.74%) and Kp90 IgA (sensitivity and specificity, 62.58 and 66.3%). The clinical significance of the difference, however, was not striking: negative predictive value of Antigen 60, 38kda, and Kp90 was 93, 86, and 83%, respectively; positive predictive value of Antigen 60, 38kda, and Kp90 was 71, 54, and 39%, respectively. Combination of different antigens could improve the sensitivity and specificity by no more than 10%, with the sacrifice of the opposite parameter by no less than 20%. The same improvement in sensitivity could be easily achieved by adjusting the cutoff values in the ELISA test by a single antigen. We conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of presently available antigens for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis still remains limited at around 80%, which makes it a poor diagnostic tool for disease confirmation. In low incidence areas, its clinical value may be useful in disease exclusion. A combination of several different antigens provides no more improved diagnostic yield than what can be provided by cutoff value adjustment in a single antigen serologic test.
Competing Risks and Burn Outcomes
Authors: Amalia Cochran, Iris H. Faraklas
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Protection against ventricular and atrial fibrillation by sotalol
Authors: L. BERTRIX, Q. TIMOUR-CHAH, J. LANG, M. LAKHAL, G. FAUCON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Sotalol is not only a beta blocker but a class III antiarrhythmic drug. Its possible antifibrillatory activity was therefore investigated in both the ventricles and atria of dog heart in situ, since vulnerability to fibrillation is not the same in both these parts of the myocardium. Fibrillation threshold was measured concurrently with the duration and amplitude of monophasic action potential, the effective refractory period, the conduction time in the contractile fibres, and after fibrillation had been triggered the fibrillation rate. Variables were measured at 5 and 10 min after sotalol had been given intravenously in closed chest dogs in three doses (1,1, and 2 mg·kg−1) at 15 min interval. Sotalol produced a rise in fibrillation threshold that occurred simultaneously with a prolongation in monophasic action potential duration and effective refractory period of the contractile fibres and a slowing in fibrillation rate, whereas conduction time was not affected. The changes appeared, however, to be less pronounced in the ventricles than in the atria, in which vulnerability to fibrillation, normally increased by vagal tone, had been previously enhanced by acetylcholine. Sotalol antagonised the changes due to acetylcholine. In both the atria and the ventricles the first dose (1 mg·kg−1), which produced plasma concentrations of approximately 2 μg·ml−1 10 min after injection, produced a submaximal effect. Nevertheless, subsequent administrations increased the beneficial effects but not in proportion to the dose and plasma concentrations.
Working with male rodents may increase risk of all_ergy to laboratory animals
Authors: A. Renström, A.‐S. Karlsson, P. Malmberg, P. H. Larsson, M. Van Hage‐Hamsten
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Our aim was to study the risk of laboratory animal all_ergy (LAA) among research staff working in laboratories separate from the animal confinement area. The roles of atopy and exposure intensity in LAA were studied with special regard to exposure to male rodents, who excrete higher levels of urinary all_ergens than female rodents. Methods: Eighty rodent‐exposed subjects gave blood samples for the analysis of total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE against rat (RUA) and mouse urinary all_ergens (MUA), and answered questionnaires. Air samples were collected for RUA and MUA aeroall_ergen measurement in both laboratories and animal confinement facilities. Results: Twenty percent of the subjects had IgE &gt;0.35 kU/l to RUA and/or MUA, and 32% had experienced animal work‐related symptoms, although 90% of aeroall_ergen samples from the research department laboratories were below the detection limit (&lt;0.26 ng RUA per m 3 and &lt;0.8 ng MUA per m 3 ). Atopy (positive Phadiatop), total IgE &gt;100 kU/l, other all_ergies (especiall_y to other animals), or more than 4 years of exposure significantly increased laboratory animal sensitization and symptoms. Working with mainly male rodents gave odds ratios (95% CI) of 3.8 (0.97–15) for sensitization and 4.4 (1.4–14) for symptoms. Subjects with both exposure to mainly male rodents and atopy or elevated total IgE had a 10‐fold higher frequency of sensitization than exposed subjects with neither risk factor. Conclusions: A majority of subjects with a combination of exposure to mainly male rodents and atopy or elevated total IgE developed sensitization to and symptoms from laboratory animals. Current low exposure seems to maintain the presence of specific IgE. Further measures must be undertaken to provide a safe workplace for laboratory animal workers.
Deficiencies in disaster funding
Authors: Sébastien Tassy, Guillaume Gorincour
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Family history of breast cancer Referral guidelines changed after acceptance of 10 minute consultationEditor-In their 10 minute consultation on family history of breast cancer Lucassen and Watson drew attention to the recently published guidelines from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) on familial breast cancer. 1 2 It is unfortunate that the referral criteria were changed between the acceptance of this article in December 2003 and the final published guidelines in June 2004, which would result in the referral of the patient highlighted in the article for potential mammography screening, rather than for her reassurance.Women aged 40-49 years at moderate risk of breast cancer are entitled to annual mammograms. 2 The definition of moderate risk was based on a risk of at least 3% over the 10 year period from the age of 40 to 50.Available evidence, particularly from combined analyses of case-control studies of familial risks, 3 indicates that a woman reaches this category with a first degree relative (mother or sister) with breast cancer when younger than 40 years or two relatives on the same side of the family (one first degree and one second degree or two first degree) diagnosed at any age.The latter category differs from the draft NICE guidelines and previous referral criteria, which required that the two relatives be diagnosed at an average age of less than 60. 4 This age restriction was removed because it could not be justified on the basis of the available data.It should be noted, however, that referral on the basis of two elderly close relatives is likely to be restricted to the age groups of 30-49, with referral of only high risk groups (for example, two affected relatives diagnosed at an average age of less than 50 years) outside this age group.
Childhood thyroid cancer since accident at Chernobyl
Authors: J Sinnaeve, K H Chadwick, A Karaoglou
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—The letter from representatives of the World Health Organisation and the three countries most affected by the accident at Chernobyl—Belarus, Russia, and the Ukraine—draws attention to the increasing number of thyroid tumours in children exposed to fallout from the accident.1 We endorse the comment that an international response to this unprecedented event is needed. Different countries have already reacted, and at least eight international actions on this issue are currently going on around the world. I wish to give some impression of the many international and bilateral efforts to provide medical help for the people affected by the Chernobyl accident, in addition to the …
Adverse Upper Gastrointestinal Effects of Rofecoxib Compared With NSAIDs
Authors: Michael J. Langman
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)–induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxic effects, such as upper GI tract perforations, symptomatic gastroduodenal ulcers, and upper GI tract bleeding (PUBs), are thought to be attributable to cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) inhibition. Rofecoxib specifically inhibits COX-2 and has demonstrated a low potential for causing upper GI injury.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of PUBs in patients with osteoarthritis treated with rofecoxib vs NSAIDs.DesignPrespecified analysis of all 8 double-blind, randomized phase 2b/3 rofecoxib osteoarthritis trials conducted from December 1996 through March 1998, including one 6-week dose-ranging study, two 6-week efficacy studies vs ibuprofen and placebo, two 1-year efficacy studies vs diclofenac, two 6-month endoscopy studies vs ibuprofen and placebo, and one 6-week efficacy study vs nabumetone and placebo.SettingMultinational sites.ParticipantsOsteoarthritis patients (N = 5435; mean age, 63 years [range, 38-94 years]; 72.9% women).InterventionsRofecoxib, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/d (n = 1209, 1603, and 545, respectively, combined) vs ibuprofen, 800 mg 3 times per day (n = 847), diclofenac, 50 mg 3 times per day (n = 590); or nabumetone, 1500 mg/d (n = 127) (combined).Main Outcome MeasureCumulative incidence of PUBs for rofecoxib vs NSAIDs, based on survival analysis of time to first PUB diagnosis, using PUBs that met prespecified criteria judged by a blinded, external adjudication committee.ResultsThe incidence of PUBs over 12 months was significantly lower with rofecoxib vs NSAIDs (12-month cumulative incidence, 1.3% vs 1.8%; P = .046; rate per 100 patient-years, 1.33 vs 2.60; relative risk, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-1.00). The cumulative incidence of dyspeptic GI adverse experiences was also lower with rofecoxib vs NSAIDS over 6 months (23.5% vs 25.5%; P = .02), after which the incidence rates converged.ConclusionIn a combined analysis of 8 trials of patients with osteoarthritis, treatment with rofecoxib was associated with a significantly lower incidence of PUBs than treatment with NSAIDs.
Natural Killer Cell Immunoglobulin Like Receptor (KIR) Genetic Profile Is a Strong Predictor Of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Rehan M. Faridi, Taylor Kemp, Poonam Dharmani, Victor Lewis, Noureddine Berka, Jan Storek, Faisal Khan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Recurrent urinary tract infections. Prevention by prophylactic antibiotics after sexual intercourse
Authors: K. L. Vosti
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Fourteen patients with chronic or multiple recurrences of infection of the urinary tract have self-administered a single oral dose of one of five antibiotics after sexual intercourse for periods of 19 to 111 months for a total of 761 months. Infections did not occur among 15 of 22 treatment periods. A total of 19 infections occurred while the patients were taking prophylactic medication, significantly less than the total of 90 infections recorded during the 705 months when these patients did not take prophylactic doses of antibiotics. Patients taking nitrofurantoin, a cephalosporin, or nalidixic acid had a significant reduction in the proportion of specimens of urine containing any Gram-negative bacteria. Serious toxic effects were not encountered. (<i>JAMA</i>231:934-940, 1975)
Discrimination of Vanadium from Zinc Using Gene Profiling in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Zhuowei Li, Jackie Stonehuerner, Robert B. Devlin, Yuh-Chin T. Huang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

We hypothesized that gene expression profiling may discriminate vanadium from zinc in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). RNA from HBECs exposed to vehicle, V (50 microM), or Zn (50 microM) for 4 hr (n = 4 paired experiments) was hybridized to Affymetrix Hu133A chips. Using one-class t-test with p < 0.01, we identified 140 and 76 genes with treatment:control ratios > or = 2.0 or < or = 0.5 for V and Zn, respectively. We then categorized these genes into functional pathways and compared the number of genes in each pathway between V and Zn using Fisher's exact test. Three pathways regulating gene transcription, inflammatory response, and cell proliferation distinguished V from Zn. When genes in these three pathways were matched with the 163 genes flagged by the same statistical filtration for V:Zn ratios, 12 genes were identified. The hierarchical clustering analysis showed that these 12 genes discriminated V from Zn and consisted of two clusters. Cluster 1 genes (ZBTB1, PML, ZNF44, SIX1, BCL6, ZNF450) were down-regulated by V and involved in gene transcription, whereas cluster 2 genes (IL8, IL1A, PTGS2, DTR, TNFAIP3, CXCL3) were up-regulated and linked to inflammatory response and cell proliferation. Also, metallothionein 1 genes (MT1F, MT1G, MT1K) were up-regulated by Zn only. Thus, using microarray analysis, we identified a small set of genes that may be used as biomarkers for discriminating V from Zn. The novel genes and pathways identified by the microarray may help us understand the pathogenesis of health effects caused by environmental V and Zn exposure.
Regulatory functions of alloreactive Th2 clones in human renal transplant recipients
Authors: Joana E. Kist-Van Holthe, Martin Gasser, Karl Womer, Nader Najafian, Victor Dong, Dimitry V. Samsonov, Chris S. Geehan, Anil Chandraker, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Ana Maria Waaga
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Identification of novel cytolytic peptides as key virulence determinants for community-associated MRSA
Authors: Rong Wang, Kevin R Braughton, Dorothee Kretschmer, Thanh-Huy L Bach, Shu Y Queck, Min Li, Adam D Kennedy, David W Dorward, Seymour J Klebanoff, Andreas Peschel, Frank R DeLeo, Michael Otto
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
The Heart and Its Actions: Roentgenokymographic Studies
Authors: Joseph E. Whitley
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Kymography has apparently been a dead issue in the clinical practice of cardioradiology for almost 20 years. Dr. Alexander, however, presents us with a text based on ten years clinical experience with more than 3,000 patients, using a Germanbuilt kymograph based on a design by Dr. P. Strumpf published in 1931. The basic mechanism consists of a moving radiopaque plate with multiple parallel slits 0.4 mm wide at intervals of 12 mm. The plate is placed between the patient and thefilm and moves vertically or horizontally 11 mm, with the usual exposure time being 1.5 seconds. The author describes his technique and findings with many of the types of congenital heart disease which survive into adolescence and adult life, as well as the common forms of acquired heart disease. The additional information the technique affords over routine films is generously illustrated, and its limitations are also catalogued. The average stated
Mesothelioma-associated antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presenting with cutaneous infarction and neuropathy
Authors: None Tucker, None Coulson, None Salman, None Kendra, None Johnson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Mesothelioma‐associated antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presenting with cutaneous infarction and neuropathy Get access Tucker, Tucker Department of Dermatology, Burnley General Hospital, Burnley, Lancashire BB10 2PQ, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Coulson, Coulson Department of Dermatology, Burnley General Hospital, Burnley, Lancashire BB10 2PQ, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Salman, Salman Department of Histopathology, Burnley General Hospital, Burnley, Lancashire BB10 2PQ, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kendra, Kendra Department of Haematology, Burnley General Hospital, Burnley, Lancashire BB10 2PQ, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Johnson Johnson Department of Respiratory Medicine, Burnley General Hospital, Burnley, Lancashire BB10 2PQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 6, 1 June 1998, Pages 1092–1094, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02289.x Published: 01 June 1998