tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suspension of paediatric heart surgery in Leeds provokes controversy
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Children’s heart surgery at Leeds General Infirmary was suspended last week on the day after campaigners won a High Court ruling quashing a decision to close the unit as part of a plan to concentrate services in fewer, larger, and more specialised units.

Surgery at the Leeds unit was put on hold pending an internal review, after the NHS’s medical director, Bruce Keogh, visited Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust on Thursday 28 March, along with representatives of the Care Quality Commission.

Keogh acknowledged that the timing of his intervention looked suspicious, coming only the day after Leeds campaigners won a High Court ruling that the “Safe and Sustainable” review would have to redo part of the process leading to its decision to …
Reentry within the His-Purkinje system. Elucidation of reentrant circuit using right bundle branch and His bundle recordings.
Authors: M Akhtar, C Gilbert, F G Wolf, D H Schmidt
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Routes of impulse propagation during reentry in the His-Purkinje system (Re-HPS) in 13 patients were studied using the right ventricular extra stimulus (V2) method and right bundle branch (RBB) recordings in addition to the conventional His (H) bundle recordings. The H-V and RB-V intervals during sinus rhythm averaged 44.2 and 27.6 msec respectively, with the average antegrade H-RB interval 16.6 msec. All 13 patients demonstrated Re-HPS in the form of V3 showing a left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern, and two of the 13 patients also manifested V3 with a right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern. During Re-HPS showing a LBBB pattern, the retrograde activation of the His bundle (H2) in response to V2 occurred via the left bundle branch (LBB), as indicated by inscription of retrograde H2 prior to RB2 in nine of 13 cases (average H2-RB2 = 9.4 msec), and simultaneous incription of retrograde H2 and RB2 in the remaining four. When V3 showed a RBBB pattern the retrograde RB2 preceded H2, suggesting H2 activation via the RBB. These findings suggest that circuit of Re-HPS incorporates both bundle branches and the bundle of His. The H-RB recordings were also useful in distinguishing sustained Re-HPS from atrioventricular nodal reentry when in both instances the QRS complex showed a LBBB pattern.
Integrating overseas work with an NHS career
Authors: N. Banatvala, A. Macklow-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Nearly two years have passed since an NHS Executive letter alerted trusts and health authorities to the benefits of overseas experience for NHS staff and suggested that NHS bodies encourage release of staff.1 Two years after that letter what progress has been made?

Since the executive letter a handful of trusts-including Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Sick Children's Trust, and the Worthing and Southlands Hospital NHS Trust-have signed agreements with aid agencies such as Voluntary Services Overseas (VSO) and MERLIN. These enable staff to take leave of absence to work overseas if they have more than two years' service in the trust. Up to two years' leave can be granted, with a guarantee of return to the former post (or a similar one). Eligible staff include doctors, nurses, other professionals allied to medicine, and other staff such as medical laboratory scientific officers. However, nurturing interest and generating such agreements at trust or health authority level is time consuming and inefficient. A more radical approach-in which a contract is held between the NHS at a more central level and a registered group of aid agencies- is required.

Last year the British Medical Association ran a workshop that explored the barriers-both real and perceived-that prevent doctors from volunteering for overseas work. In addition priority areas for further action were discussed as were current innovative schemes to assist those wishing to work overseas. The workshop identified three key problems: lack of networks and role models for those wishing to work overseas, training and accreditation issues, and lack of continuum of opportunities in combining an NHS career with developing skills in the aid arena.2 The workshop recognised the value of retired health care workers who providebreadth of experience with career flexibility. This group is particularly valuable as local mentors and for on the job training …
INTERNAL CEREBRAL MENINGITIS CHRONICA; NOTES ON DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT.
Authors: ELMORE S. PETTYJOHN
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The practical importance to both physician and patient, the seeming lack of appreciation of its frequency in the most unsuspected cases and the desire to emphasize the necessity of early recognition, diagnosis and active treatment of this always grave disease, are the considerations that have led to the presentation of this subject. Specific infection is the common and chief cause of chronic internal cerebral meningitis, chronic meningo-encephalitis and the various forms of endarteritis and peri-arteritis. This poison is prone to attack the cerebral meninges and vessels, and these pathologic conditions are seldom found in the absence of this infection. Belonging, as it does, to that class of chronic affections whose phases and results extend over many years, this disease is nearly always produced by the luetic virus, which is one of the most energetic and surely operative known in the study of disease. It is an undisputed fact that this
Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-α activator (PPAR-α) dose not inhibit the activation of human hepatic stellate cells by IL-1β
Authors: R. Sakata, R. Kimura, T. Nakamura, O. Hashimoto, M. Sakamoto, H. Koga, T. Torimura, T. Ueno, M. Sata, B. Staels
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
UN calls for tougher rules to prevent sale of children's organs
Authors: John Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Juan Miguel Petit, a human rights lawyer and the United Nations' independent expert on the exploitation of children, has called for the strengthening of global rules against transplant tourism in addition to safeguards to avoid the donation and selling of organs by minors.

Reported cases of sale and trafficking of organs in which a minor was involved have heightened fears that transplant tourism can involve children as well as adults.

Mr Petit said that countries need to take “very careful measures” to avoid the donation …
The Ultimate Audit
Authors: Robert W. Christie
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The problem of the decline in hospital autopsies from the point of view of a general pathologist serving small community hospitals (&lt;100 beds) in a rural setting is not one of reimbursement for the autopsy or one of lack of physician interest.<sup>1</sup>It is rather the reaction by the medical staff physicians to a litigious social climate. In New Hampshire, where malpractice suits are frequent and malpractice insurance premiums are escalating at an astounding rate, the medical staff members I know do not want discoverable factual records of any inadvertent or misadventurous error in diagnosis or treatment of their patients to be recorded by the pathologist in the "ultimate audit." Therefore, I am most surprised that the American Bar Association's (ABA) spokesman, Mr Gonser, was so reluctant to commit himself in response to the telephone questionnaire on the autopsy.<sup>2</sup>I would have thought that the
Studies Comparing Treatments Ramp Up
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Complexity: From formal analysis to final action
Authors: Douglas Frye, Philip David Zelazo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Relational complexity provides a metric for measuring task demands, and in this respect has much in common with the cognitive complexity and control theory. However, relational complexity does not account for the relative difficulty of different relational types, and appears to underestimate the importance of changes in children's ability to act on the basis of their understanding.
Arteriovenous Shunts for Prolonged Intermittent Hemodialysis
Authors: Leonard H. Wolin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To facilitate repeated intermittent hemodialysis, 57 patients at the University of Colorado Medical Center and the Denver Veterans Administration Hospital had arteriovenous shunts placed into their arms. The radial artery and cephalic vein were cannulated 3 cm proximal to the wrist on the nondominant arm. Fifty-four of the 57 patients had both vessels cannulated through a single incision, with an average length of 5 cm. The ligating suture on the vessel was tied around that portion of the siliconized rubber (Silastic) tube containing the vessel tip. Disengagement at this junction or postoperative bleeding requiring transfusion or surgical intervention never occurred. Twelve of the 17 patients who experienced complications (clotting, 12 instances; infection, 7; spasm, 3; disengagement, 2; and erosion, 2) required revision of their shunts. No complication was ever observed in the remaining 40 patients during their entire stay on the dialysis program.
<i>PIK3CA</i> Pathway Mutations Predictive of Poor Response Following Standard Radiochemotherapy ± Cetuximab in Cervical Cancer Patients
Authors: Anne de la Rochefordiere, Maud Kamal, Anne Floquet, Laurence Thomas, Peter Petrow, Thierry Petit, Marius Pop, Michel Fabbro, Christine Kerr, Florence Joly, Emmanuel Sevin, Sophie Maillard, Hervé Curé, Béatrice Weber, Claire Brunaud, Mathieu Minsat, Laurence Gonzague, Dominique Berton-Rigaud, Maud Aumont, Laurence Gladieff, Karine Peignaux, Virginie Bernard, Quentin Leroy, Ivan Bieche, Audrey Margogne, AnaTereza Nadan, Virginie Fourchotte, Alhassane Diallo, Benard Asselain, Corine Plancher, Sébastien Armanet, Philippe Beuzeboc, Suzy M. Scholl
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

EGFR is frequently overexpressed in cervical cancer, suggesting EGFR blockade as a promising treatment approach. Cetuximab, an anti EGFR antibody, used conjointly with radiochemotherapy, was feasible in first-line treatment of cervix carcinoma limited to the pelvis.This randomized phase II trial enrolled 78 FIGO stage IB2-IIIB cervical cancer patients to either cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy alone (arm B, n = 38) or conjointly with a 6-week course of weekly cetuximab (arm A, n = 40). Brachytherapy was given to the pelvic mass. Primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS) at 2 years. EGFR expression and targeted sequencing were performed in 54 of 78 patients.Cetuximab over a 6-week period did not improve DFS at 24 months. At 31 months median follow-up, DFS was not significantly different (P = 0.18). Complete response at 4 to 6 months was strongly predictive for excellent DFS (log-rank test; P < 0.001). PIK3CA, KRAS, and STK11 mutations were observed in 22%, 4%, and 2% of patients, respectively. No tumor with a PI3K pathway mutation showed complete response (0/8 in arm A and 0/6 in arm B), whereas 14 of 52 (27%) tumors without mutations did (P = 0.021). PI3K pathway-mutated tumors showed a trend toward poorer DFS (P = 0.06) following cetuximab (8/22) as compared with those following standard treatment only (6/18).Similar to patients with head and neck cancer, patients with cervical cancer showed no gain in DFS at 2 years following a combined treatment of cetuximab with radiochemotherapy. Although treatment tolerance and compliance were satisfactory, it remains to be demonstrated whether maintenance therapy with cetuximab could be beneficial in selected patient groups.
Drug company chief urges faster introduction of new vaccines in poor nations
Authors: John Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The head of a leading drug company has urged the world's health community to speed up the introduction of new life saving vaccines in poor countries and avoid the customary lengthy delays.

“Many new vaccines are becoming a reality against rotavirus, pneumocccal disease, and cervical cancer,” the president of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Jean Stephenne, said. “These vaccines are there, so it's important to introduce them today in developing countries and not 20 years later.”

He said that with the exception of the rotavirus vaccine, which was introduced in Latin America and Europe …
Abstract 5388: High throughput toxicity assay for three-dimensional cell cultures
Authors: Kari Trumpi, David A. Egan, Thomas T. Vellinga, Inne H.M Borel Rinkes, Onno W. Kranenburg
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: Three-dimensional cell culture methods are currently not widely used for cancer drug discovery due to the specific imaging demands of the systems. In particular there is a need for well validated robust high throughput methods for image-based assays that can be used for high content screening. Methods: Therefore we have developed an image-based three-dimensional high throughput toxicity assay. We used two platforms, the Thermo Scientific ArrayScan VTi and BD FACSCanto™, to characterize antiproliferative potency, cell death and cell cycle distribution. Cultures of uniform spheroids were treated with Irinotecan either alone or in combination with the ABC transporter inhibitor Valspodar, which blocks irinotecan efflux. All drugs were dispensed using a Tecan HP-D300 digital dispenser. Treatment-induced effects were analyzed after 48, 72 or 96 hours with both platforms using dihydro derivatives of fluorescent live cell dyes such as dihydrocalcein, AM and DNA-binding dyes such as DRAQ5™ and Propidium Iodide. Results: All cell lines tested on the two platforms showed the expected effects of Irinotecan alone or in combination with Valspodar and correlations between the Thermo Scientific ArrayScan VTi and BD FACSCanto™ were high, with Pearson tests varying from 0.76 to 0.95, p &amp;lt; 0.05, depending on the cell line used. All results were reproducible and showed minor variation. Conclusion: The demonstrated approach provides an easy-to-handle, low-cost, accurate and reproducible high content method for measuring drug efficacy in three-dimensional cell cultures. This method can be used for high throughput drug discovery screens and personalized cancer care. Citation Format: Kari Trumpi, David A. Egan, Thomas T. Vellinga, Inne H.M Borel Rinkes, Onno W. Kranenburg. High throughput toxicity assay for three-dimensional cell cultures. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5388. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5388
Book: Handbook of Diseases of the Hair and Scalp
Authors: M. Binder
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Rodney D Sinclair, Cedric C Banfield, P R Dawber Blackwell Science, £29.50, pp 224 ISBN: 0 86542 928 6 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> ![Graphic][3]</img> ![Graphic][4]</img> Diseases of the hair and scalp represent common dermatological conditions that are often neglected in daily clinical practice. Even in comprehensive textbooks of dermatology, little space is dedicated to this spectrum of … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Hyperparathyroidism and Pancreatitis
Authors: Joseph J. Turchi
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This paper supports the hypothesis that the concomitance of hyperparathyroidism and pancreatitis is more than coincidental, and that there is some etiologic relationship between the 2 conditions. Study of a patient described in detail in this report and of 26 other patients mentioned in the literature suggests that some cases of pancreatitis are secondary to hyperparathyroidism. The importance of pancreatitis as a diagnostic clue to hyperparathyroidism is emphasized by the increasing number of cases that are being found. The presence of hyperparathyroidism may be obscured by having an otherwise elevated serum calcium concentration reduced to normal by acute pancreatitis. Conversely, when the serum calcium concentration is paradoxically high, or the serum phosphate concentration is low in the presence of acute pancreatitis, appropriate studies to exclude hyperparathyroidism should be performed.
COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS OF CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM PROPHYLAXIS IN CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKÆMIA
Authors: DanielM. Green, ArnoldI. Freeman, HarlandN. Sather, StephenE. Sallan, MarkE. Nesbit, J.Robert Cassady, LuciusF. Sinks, Denman Hammond, Emil Frei
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Test to Detect Night-blindness "Malingerers"
Authors: E. Epstein, S. A. H. Lesser
Journal: BMJ (1945)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOURNALterminal.The subdural haematoma both in the case quoted and in the other was silent.This is a small and somewhat artificial group which shoulu be regarded aetiologically as a gross manifestation of the general haemorrhagic tendency in liver failure. Peripheral NeuritisIn the Arakan in 1944 there was a small and short-1i.edout- break of peripheral neuritis which coincided precisely in time with the development of jaundice in each case.This outbreak will be reported elsewhere by Byrne, who considers, with scme reason, that the symptoms and signs of peripheral neuritis were due to the emergence of a neurotropic element in the virus of infective hepatitis.We have observed one such case:A British private aged 38 complained of a painful heei on July 26, 1944.He had cellulitis of the heel, which cleared up by Sept. 20.There was no open ulcer.He then noticed difficulty in walking (the difficulty involved both legs), and a week later he developed infective hepatitis.Jaundice was persistent, the weakness of the legs became gradually worse, and the arms became weak also.On Nov. 12 (the last day on which he was seen, as he developed amoebic dysentery and had to be evacuated) examination showed normally reacting pupils, no cranial nerve lesion, general weakness of the upper limbs with absent tendon reflexes, and general weakness of the legs with absent knee-and ankle-jerks.There was wasting of the dorsiflexors, with blunted touch sensation on the legs and slight Rombergism.It seems doubtful whether the peripheral neuritis in this case was causally related to the infective hepatitis.Hurst (1943) observed similar cases in Gallipoli in the 1914-18 war, and it is by no means certain that they did not represent the simul- taneous occurrence of two fairly common diseases. SummaryThe neurological complications of infective hepatitis are reviewed.Four main groups are illustrated by cases observed in Assam and Bengal in 1944.It is concluded that neurological changes may appear in associa- tion with infective hepatitis due to a number of causes, most of which are still a matter for speculation.Our thanks are due to Lieut.-Col.G. A. Ransome, I.A.M.C., for records of Cases 1, 2, and 3, analysed in the Table.
Poor mentoring is blamed for infant deaths after cardiac surgery at John Radcliffe hospital
Authors: J. Carlowe
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A lack of effective clinical management contributed to infants’ deaths at the Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, a damning review published on 29 July says.

The independent review of paediatric cardiac surgery and clinical governance, chaired by Bill Kirkup, was commissioned by the South Central Strategic Health Authority after four deaths of infants after cardiac surgery between December 2009 and February 2010.

All four cases involved Caner Salih, a newly appointed consultant surgeon, who was left alone almost immediately on his arrival while his senior colleague Stephen Westaby took annual leave.

National data indicated that for the number of patients less than one death would have been expected. However, the review panel found no evidence of poor surgical practice. Mr Salih used up to date methods, but the team at John Radcliffe Hospital were used to different techniques, “some of …
Effects of Naproxen on Experimental Rhinovirus Colds
Authors: Steven J. Sperber, J. Owen Hendley, Frederick G. Hayden, Donald K. Riker, James V. Sorrentino, Jack M. Gwaltney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To determine whether naproxen, a propionic acid inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, alters the course of experimental rhinovirus colds. Design: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Setting: Rhinovirus challenge model in volunteers cloistered in individual hotel rooms. Volunteers: Eighty-seven healthy young adults with serum neutralizing antibody titers of ≤ 1:2 to the challenge virus; 79 were evaluable. Intervention: Thirty-nine participants received naproxen (loading dose, 400 mg or 500 mg followed by 200 mg or 500 mg three times daily for 5 days). Forty participants received placebo. Treatment was started 6 hours after viral challenge. Measurements: Daily measurement of viral titers, symptoms, nasal mucus production, and nasal tissue use; incidence of infection and illness; and measurement of homotypic serum neutralizing antibody responses. Results: Viral titers and serum homotypic antibody responses were similar in the naproxen and placebo groups. Significant reductions in headache, malaise, myalgia, and cough occurred in the naproxen group. A 29% reduction was noted in the total (5-day) symptom score in the naproxen group (95% Cl, 16% to 42%). Conclusion: Naproxen treatment did not alter virus shedding or serum neutralizing antibody responses in participants with experimental rhinovirus colds, but it had a beneficial effect on the symptoms of headache, malaise, myalgia, and cough. Prostaglandins may be among the inflammatory mediators that play a role in the pathogenesis of rhinovirus colds.