tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence that actin disassembly is a requirement for matrix metalloproteinase secretion by sinusoidal endothelial cells during cold preservation in the rat
Authors: Aravinda G. Upadhya, Steven M. Strasberg
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Cold preservation induces the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). These enzymes are important mediators of cold preservation injury. The purpose of this study was to determine if low temperature caused actin disassembly in SECs and whether actin disassembly was required for secretion of MMPs under these conditions. To establish the basis of interpreting the effect of low temperature, isolated SECs were exposed to cytochalasin B with or without pretreatment with phalloidin. Cytochalasin B produced actin disassembly and resulted in the secretion of MMPs. Both were retarded by phalloidin pretreatment. Low temperature (4 degrees C) also induced actin disassembly and MMP secretion and pretreatment with phalloidin again retarded actin disassembly and MMP secretion. Cycloheximide had no effect on these results. Actin disassembly began with 30 minutes of exposure of isolated SECs to cold and reached a final state at 8 hours, at which time no actin stress fibers were visible, and the normally fusiform SECs were fully rounded. Increased MMP activity in the supernatant was also present at 30 minutes and continued to rise sharply in the first hour; thereafter the rate of rise diminished. The study shows that secretion of MMPs during cold preservation is dependent on the induction of actin disassembly by low temperature. The rapid appearance of increased MMP activity after exposure to cold and the studies using cycloheximide indicate that the MMPs originate from preformed MMPs rather than newly synthesized MMPs.
Pancreatic Endoscopic Sphincterotomy in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: A Single-Center Experience in 171 Consecutive Patients
Authors: R. Jakobs, C. Benz, A. Leonhardt, D. Schilling, J. C. Pereira-Lima, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

In recent years, interest in endoscopic therapy techniques for pancreatic diseases has been constantly increasing. The aim of the present study was to assess the technical success, technique, and complications of endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy (EPS) in patients with chronic pancreatitis.A total of 171 patients with chronic pancreatitis and abdominal complaints were identified in whom at least one attempt at EPS was carried out. During the procedure, sphincterotomy was carried out using a guide-wire sphincterotome or a needle-knife papillotome. Patients were followed up after EPS for at least 24 h, including clinical symptoms and laboratory data (pancreatic enzymes and hemoglobin/hematocrit).EPS was performed in 167 of the 171 patients (technical success rate: 97.7 %). In 24 patients (14 %), a precut technique was necessary using a needle-knife sphincterotome. Sphincterotomy-related complications were observed in seven of the 171 patients (4.1 %), including three cases of bleeding, three patients with mild pancreatitis, and one with retroduodenal perforation. All complications were managed medically. There was no treatment-related mortality.Endoscopic sphincterotomy of the pancreatic duct in patients with chronic pancreatitis is a fairly safe procedure with a high technical success rate.
Effects of Observation on the Therapeutic Process
Authors: ISIDORE ZIFERSTEIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The principles of nonobtrusiveness and noncontamination have been stressed in nonparticipant observation of psychotherapy in the United States. The author participated in a project in the U.S. where these principles were adhered to, and one in Russia where they were not. He concludes that patient, therapist, and observer would all encounter fewer difficulties if the presence of the observer were made known.
Menstrual irregularity and asthma and lung function
Authors: Francisco Gómez Real, Cecilie Svanes, Ernst Reidar Omenaas, Josep Maria Antò, Estel Plana, Christer Janson, Deborah Jarvis, Elisabeth Zemp, Matthias Wjst, Bénédicte Leynaert, Jordi Sunyer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Oxalate and chloride absorption by the rabbit colon: sensitivity to metabolic and anion transport inhibitors.
Authors: M Hatch, R W Freel, A M Goldner, D L Earnest
Journal: Gut (1984)

The effects of transport inhibitors on the movements of oxalate and chloride across the isolated short circuited rabbit colon were studied. Net oxalate absorption was shown in this species and was shown to be an energy dependent process as indicated by its sensitivity to 2-4 dinitrophenol (DNP) 10(-4)M. Mucosal addition of 4-acetamido-4-isothiocyano-2,-stilbene-2,29-disulfonic acid (SITS) 10(-4)M abolished the net flux of both oxalate and chloride. Acetazolamide (8 mM) in bicarbonate free buffer significantly reduced the mucosal to serosal flux of both anions. These results suggest that in rabbit colon, oxalate and chloride share a common transport pathway and implicate the chloride bicarbonate exchange system. This study also confirms that chloride absorption by the short circuited rabbit colon is an electrically silent process and presents evidence that suggests that chloride absorption is mediated by a chloride bicarbonate exchange system located in the apical membrane of absorbing colonic epithelial cells.
Further Considerations on the Indications for and Limitations of Direct Surgery in Arteriosclerosis
Authors: WILLIAM S. DYE, JOHN H. OLWIN, ORMAND C. JULIAN
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Segmental obstruction due to arteriosclerosis may occur in peripheral arteries. Further experience in resection of these obstructed segments and their replacement by vein grafts is reported. Replacement of segments of the femoral artery has been accomplished in 30 patients. The proper selection of patients is essential for success. The various causes of failure and the limitations of the procedure are emphasized.
Respiratory parameters of elite national water polo and volleyball players
Authors: J Plavsic, S Djordjevic-Saranovic, T Gavrilovic, J Zlatkovic, S Mazic
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background The differences in respiratory parameters among young athletes could be influenced by biological development itself or they could appear under the impact of the training stimulus that is characteristic for a certain type of sport. Objective The aim of this study was to show the differences in respiratory parameters (FVC (L), FEV1 (L), PEF (L/s), MVV (L/min), VE (L/min), Vmax-25 (L/s), Vmax-50 (L/s), Vmax-75 (L/s), VT (L)) between the two groups of elite national water polo and volleyball teams. Setting and participants This research included 32 mail professional players divided in two groups, water polo (n1=15, age 25.95±3.60 years old, body height 192.70±3.76 cm, body weight 100.80±5.84 kg) and volleyball (n2=17, age 24.53±3.80 years old, body height 198.44±4.97 cm, body weigh 91.47±9.84 kg). The research was conducted in the laboratory for functional diagnostic in the National Institute of Sport in Belgrade. Methods Measurement of respiratory parameters was performed using a Cosmed spyrometer Pony graphic. Results By applying the T test on two small independent samples we didn't notice statistically significance difference in respiratory parameters between elite national water polo and volleyball teams. On the level of statistic significance p&lt;0.001 we spotted a difference in body height (water polo 192.70±3.76 cm vs volleyball 198.44±4.97 cm) and body weight (water polo 100.80±5.84 kg vs volleyball 91.41±9.84 kg). Conclusions We observed no significant differences in static and dynamic respiratory parameters among the participating senior water polo and volleyball players. We conclude that after complete biological development, it is not possible to influence most respiratory parameters studied.
Clinical Neurosurgery. Vol 10: Proceedings of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Houston, Texas, 1962
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1964)

At the 12th annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Bronson S. Ray, the speaker of honor, contributed essays on the surgery of recurrent intracranial tumors as well as on trends in neurosurgery. His article on the surgical treatment of 12 cases of acromegaly is complemented by a follow-up report of Cushing's cases of pituitary adenoma presented by German and Flanigan. Montgomery of London discussed the role of the pituitary and its tumors in Cushing's syndrome, while White summarized 33 cases of aneurysm mistaken for hypophyseal tumors, adding three cases of his own. Regarding the use of heavy particles in neoplastic, metabolic, and neurological disease, Lawrence discussed irradiation of the hypophysis (150 cases of breast cancer, 71 with diabetic neuropathy, 20 with acromegaly, and 2 with Cushing's syndrome). Mattson supports total or radical removal of craniopharyngiomas, with sequelae similar to those of hypophysectomy. Papers on diagnosis include Robertson's on
Relevance of biallelic versus monoallelic TNFRSF13B mutations in distinguishing disease-causing from risk-increasing TNFRSF13B variants in antibody deficiency syndromes
Authors: Ulrich Salzer, Chiara Bacchelli, Sylvie Buckridge, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Stephanie Jennings, Vassilis Lougaris, Astrid Bergbreiter, Tina Hagena, Jennifer Birmelin, Alessandro Plebani, A. David B. Webster, Hans-Hartmut Peter, Daniel Suez, Helen Chapel, Andrew McLean-Tooke, Gavin P. Spickett, Stephanie Anover-Sombke, Hans D. Ochs, Simon Urschel, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Sanja Ugrinovic, Dinakantha S. Kumararatne, Tatiana C. Lawrence, Are M. Holm, Jose L. Franco, Ilka Schulze, Pascal Schneider, E. Michael Gertz, Alejandro A. Schäffer, Lennart Hammarström, Adrian J. Thrasher, H. Bobby Gaspar, Bodo Grimbacher
Journal: Blood (2008)
Evidence for in vivo upregulation of the intestinal vitamin D receptor during dietary calcium restriction in the rat.
Authors: M J Favus, D J Mangelsdorf, V Tembe, B J Coe, M R Haussler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] increases intestinal calcium absorption through events that include binding of 1,25(OH)2D3 to the intracellular vitamin D receptor. In vitro studies using mammalian cell cultures reveal an increase in vitamin D receptor content after exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3. To test the hypothesis that 1,25(OH)2D3 increases enterocyte vitamin D receptor content in vivo, male rats were fed either a normal calcium diet (NCD, 1.2% Ca) or low calcium diet (LCD, 0.002% Ca). After 21 d LCD increased serum 1,25(OH)2D3 levels (27 +/- 3 vs. 181 +/- 17 pg/ml, P less than 0.001) and increased transepithelial mucosal to serosal calcium fluxes (Jms) across duodenum (65 +/- 21 vs. 204 +/- 47 nmol/cm2.h, NCD vs. LCD, P less than 0.01) and jejunum (23 +/- 3 vs. 46 +/- 4, P less than 0.007). No change in serosal to mucosal calcium fluxes (Jsm) were observed. LCD increased 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor number threefold in duodenum (32.9 +/- 6.7 vs. 98.7 +/- 13.7 fmol 1,25(OH)2D3/mg protein) and jejunum (34.1 +/- 9.5 vs. 84.9 +/- 7.7) without a change in the receptor affinity for 1,25(OH)2D3 (Kd is 0.17 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.21 +/- 0.02 nM for NCD and LCD duodenum, respectively). Duodenal polyadenylated vitamin D receptor mRNA determined by Northern blot analysis did not increase appreciably during LCD, suggesting that upregulation in vivo may not be due primarily to increased receptor synthesis. The results of this study indicate that under physiologic conditions as during chronic dietary calcium restriction, increased intestinal vitamin D receptor content accompanies increased calcium active transport. Upregulation of the vitamin D receptor by 1,25(OH)2D3 may result primarily from posttranslational processes that decrease degradation of the receptor with increased receptor synthesis responsible for a negligible portion of the accumulation.
Neuropeptide Regulation of Appetite and Weight*
Authors: JOHN E. MORLEY
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1987)

IN THE last decade, the explosive increase in our knowledge of neuropeptides has demonstrated that the release of peptides from the gastrointestinal tract can modulate behavior; and, contrariwise, gastrointestinal peptides have been shown to be synthesized and released in the central nervous system and act as neurotransmitters. This review will concentrate on the role of peptides as modulators of feeding behavior and weight regulation. The complexities of the neurochemical regulation of food intake are not surprising when one considers the varied inputs involved in the determination of feeding behavior. With depletion of an organism's energy stores, a series of signals arise which force the animal to hunt for food. When the food source is found, the animal needs to do a cost-benefit analysis, i.e. a determination of whether the potential danger and the energy expenditure involved are justified in terms of the calories to be gained and secondarily, to decide whether or not the food is suitable for consumption.
Abstract IA17: Functional genomics, small RNAs and cancer
Authors: William C. Hahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Efforts to sequence cancer genomes have begun to uncover comprehensive lists of genes altered in cancer. Unfortunately, the complexity and sheer volume of data that emerges from these efforts has made dissecting the underlying biology of cancer difficult. In addition, the number and types of candidate targets that require functional validation in vivo represent a significant barrier to using this information as a starting point for drug development programs, since many do not represent targets amenable to traditional small molecule or antibody-based therapeutic approaches. To address this problem, we have combined comprehensive analyses of cancer genomes with novel materials science to develop a platform that enables the ready in vivo validation of cancer targets. Specifically, we have developed a screening platform to perform loss of function screens at genome scale and have applied this in a massively parallel manner to screen several hundred full characterized cancer cell lines. We have combined the outputs of these screens with data emerging from the study of cancer genomes to identify candidate oncogenes. To credential these targets in vivo, we have helped develop novel nanocomplexes formed from siRNA bound to tandem peptides containing tumor-penetrating, endosomal escape and siRNA-binding domains that permit deep penetration in tumor. We use these nanoparticles to target a hitherto undiscovered ovarian cancer oncogene, ID4, an undruggable transcriptional regulator, and show that these tumor-penetrating nanocomplexes induced complete suppression of tumor growth and significant improvement of survival. Taken together, these studies provide a platform for the discovery and initial validation of candidate cancer targets. Citation Format: William C. Hahn. Functional genomics, small RNAs and cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA17.
Fetal and adult human liver differ markedly in the fluidity and lipid composition of their microsomal membranes
Authors: Jaime Kapitulnik, Evelyn Weil, Ron Rabinowitz, Michael M. Krausz
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

The fluidity and lipid composition of the human hepatic microsomal membrane were studied in 11 livers from 16- to 21-week-old fetuses and in 5 adult livers, and compared with those of fetal and adult rat liver microsomes. Membrane fluidity was analyzed by measurement of fluorescence polarization using the fluorophore 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. The lipid apparent microviscosity (η) of human fetal liver microsomes was 2.17 ± 0.13 poise, as compared with 1.08 ± 0.08 poise in adult liver (p &lt; 0.001). Similar differences in fluidity were found between fetal and adult rat liver microsomes. The more “fluid” adult microsomes had higher phospholipid/cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin molar ratios than those of the more “rigid” fetal microsomes. The degree of unsaturation of the adult microsomal lipids was much higher than that of the fetal lipids. The ratios of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids in microsomal lipids highly correlated with the η values obtained for the combined group of fetal and adult human livers, suggesting that the developmental increase in degree of unsaturation of the microsomal lipids is a major determinant of the increased fluidity of adult as compared with fetal liver microsomes. These differences in fluidity and lipid composition between fetal and adult human liver microsomes may be a critical factor in the regulation of hepatic microsomal drug and carcinogen metabolizing enzyme activity, and could so determine the extent of toxicity and teratogenicity of drugs and/or their metabolites in the developing human fetus.
Invited commentary on this month's Controversy articles: From Michael Oliver
Authors: M. Oliver
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Invited commentary on this month's Controversy articles: From Michael Oliver Get access Michael Oliver Michael Oliver National Heart and Lung Institute, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, April 1994, Page 577, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.4.577 Published: 01 April 1994
Nervous system disease, immunological features, and HLA phenotype in Sjogren's syndrome.
Authors: A Hietaharju, M Korpela, J Ilonen, H Frey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Twenty seven patients with primary or possible Sjögren9s syndrome with neurological manifestations were compared immunologically with 21 patients with Sjögren9s syndrome with an intact nervous system. Patients with Sjögren9s syndrome were divided into seropositive and seronegative subgroups with respect to the occurrence of one or more autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, antibodies to SS-B) in their serum samples. This study of 48 patients indicates that the spectrum of nervous system disease in seronegative and seropositive subgroups is almost indistinguishable. No significant differences were found in the occurrence of circulating immune complexes, the levels of serum complement C3 and C4, or serum IgA, IgM, and beta 2 microglobulin with respect to the neurological manifestations. The serum IgG level, however, was significantly higher in the patients with Sjögren9s syndrome with intact nervous systems than in those with neurological manifestations. No significant association was found between the HLA phenotype and nervous system disease. The occurrence of HLA-B8 and DR3 antigens was, however, significantly higher in those patients with antibodies to SS-B than in those without. This finding supports the suggestion that HLA-B8/DR3 may modulate autoantibody responses rather than disease expression in Sjögren9s syndrome.
Right ventricular contractility in systemic sclerosis-associated and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: M. J. Overbeek, J-W. Lankhaar, N. Westerhof, A. E. Voskuyl, A. Boonstra, J. G. F. Bronzwaer, K. M. J. Marques, E. F. Smit, B. A. C. Dijkmans, A. Vonk-Noordegraaf
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Since systemic sclerosis (SSc) also involves the heart, the aim of the present study was to evaluate possible differences in right ventricular (RV) pump function between SSc-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; SScPAH) and idiopathic PAH (IPAH). In 13 limited cutaneous SScPAH and 17 IPAH patients, RV pump function was described using the pump function graph, which relates mean RV pressure ((RV)) and stroke volume index (SVI). Differences in pump function result in shift or rotation of the pump function graph. (RV) and SVI were measured using standard catheterisation. The hypothetical isovolumic (RV) ((RV,iso)) was estimated using a single-beat method. The pump function graph was approximated by a parabola: (RV) = (RV,iso)[1-(SVI/SVI(max))(2)], where SVI(max )is the hypothetical maximal SVI at zero (RV), enabling calculation of SVI(max). There were no differences in SVI and SVI(max). Both (RV) and (RV,iso) were significantly lower in SScPAH than in IPAH ((RV) 30.7+/-8.5 versus 41.2+/-9.4 mmHg; (RV,iso) 43.1+/-12.4 versus 53.5+/-10.0 mmHg). Since higher pressures were found at similar SVI, the difference in the pump function graph results from lower contractility in SScPAH than in IPAH. Right ventricular contractility is lower in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension than in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Adenovirus Hexon Protein Enhances Nuclear Delivery and Increases Transgene Expression of Polyethylenimine/Plasmid DNA Vectors
Authors: Robert C. Carlisle, Thierry Bettinger, Manfred Ogris, Sarah Hale, Vivien Mautner, Leonard W. Seymour
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Inefficient nuclear delivery restricts transgene expression using polyelectrolyte DNA vectors. To increase transfer from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, we have covalently linked adenovirus hexon protein to polyethylenimine (PEI, 800 kDa). Activity of the conjugate was compared with PEI and PEI linked to albumin. Hexon-containing complexes gave 10-fold greater transgene expression in HepG2 cells than PEI/DNA or complexes containing albumin, without increasing cell uptake. Following cytoplasmic injection into Xenopus laevis oocytes, hexon-containing complexes showed reporter gene expression to be elevated by 10-fold compared with PEI/DNA. The ability of hexon to promote nuclear delivery of PEI/DNA nanoparticles was compared with that of classical nuclear localization sequences (NLS) by measuring transgene expression following intracytoplasmic microinjection of hexon-PEI/DNA complexes and NLS-albumin-PEI/DNA complexes in rat-1 fibroblasts. The resulting nuclear transfer efficiency was in the following order: hexon-PEI/DNA>NLS-albumin-PEI/DNA>PEI/DNA>DNA alone>albumin-PEI/DNA. The activities of both NLS-albumin-PEI and hexon-PEI were abolished by co-injection of wheat germ agglutinin, suggesting that both act by means of the nuclear pore complex (NPC); in contrast, excess free NLS-albumin abolished transgene expression with NLS-albumin-PEI/DNA, but only partially inhibited hexon-PEI/DNA. Nuclear transfer efficiency following cytoplasmic injection was dependent on DNA concentration for all materials, although hexon conjugates showed much better activity than NLS-albumin at low DNA doses (500-1000 plasmids/cell). Our data are consistent with hexon mediating nuclear delivery of plasmid complexes by means of the NPC, using mechanisms that are only partially dependent on the classical NLS import pathway. The hexon-mediated mechanism of nuclear import enables substantially better transgene expression, particularly when DNA concentrations in the cytoplasm are limiting.
CASE of DYSENTERY with AMOEBA COLI in the STOOLS
Authors: J. Harold
Journal: BMJ (1892)

TEDICATHIIOSU NL 1429 more than one degree on any subsequent occasion.I am indebted to Dr. Ewart for leave to publisli thlls case.CASE IV.Myx(Edema in Early Stage: SZight Improiement.-A.N., female, aged 27, had, when admitted as an in-patient in February, shown symptoms of the disease for a year and a-half, but did not present a very characteristic appearance.The treatment was begun early in March, and injections of mxxv were made weekly for three months.The injection on May 30th was followed by pain and swelling at the seat of puncture, and that on June 4th by an abscess, which healed kindly after incision.She then had no treatment for seven weeks.In July, August, and September she underwent another course of injections at the Atkinson Morley Convalescent Hospital.The result may be briefly summarised as follows: No improvement in strength or in appearance has taken place, and she still feels as cold as before, but her speech has become brisker, and her fingers more nimble in the use of the needle, while menstruation has reappeared regularly.According to the patient's account diuresis took place during the treatment, but the phenomenon was not confirmed by observation.