tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic haemodynamics as related to blood flow through gut, spleen, and pancreas.
Authors: G A Charbon, M F Anderson
Journal: Gut (1989)

Progress reportTable Variables to be monitored when studying liver haemodynamics 1 ECG, heart rate 10 Pancreatic branch of splenic artery 2 Arterial pressure 11 Left gastric artery 3 Portal pressure 12 Proper splenic artery 4 Hepatic vein pressure 13 Superior mesenteric artery 14 Inferior mesenteric artery Flow 15 Splenic vein 5 Ascenting aorta 16 Portal vein 6 Common hepatic artery 17a Inferior caval vein proximal to hepatic vein 7 Gastro-duodenal artery b Inferior caval vein distal to hepatic vein 8 Superior pancreatico-duodenal artery 17a-17b=hepatic vein flow 9 Inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery 265
Duodenal ulcers that are difficult to heal.
Authors: R. Pounder
Journal: BMJ (1988)

It is Frenchwomen, however, who have the better mortality from all causes, and although the French diet may contain elements that should be emulated, the high mortality from cancer and cirrhosis suggests that the men may have been drinking and smoking to excess compared with the women.More research is needed, and a World Health Organisation study is monitoring trends and determinants for coronary heart disease in 23 countries, including France.'7If the digging of the Channel tunnel and the establishment of a true internal market in Europe in 1992 lead to a homogenisation of lifestyles it will be interesting to see whose mortality patterns will predominate.
The Benefit to Cost Ratio of Work-Site Blood Pressure Control Programs
Authors: Andrea Foote
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Reduction in the cost of health care claims among hypertensive employees was examined over a 4-year period after exposure to a 3-year blood pressure control program, to see whether work-site monitoring and counseling produced a subsequent benefit. Hypertensive employees at three experimental sites (N = 183 to 367 subjects) were compared with subjects at a control site (N = 169) who had received no postscreening follow-up or monitoring, and with matched normotensive employees. The cost of subsequent health care claims for hypertensive employees at the experimental sites was lower than claims for those at the control site, but there was no significant difference across the sites in claims for normotensive employees. After adjusting to a standard 1982 dollar, the data showed from $1.89 to $2.72 in reduced health care claims per dollar spent operating the hypertension control program. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1283-1286)
Performance of the BODE index in patients with 1-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD
Authors: G. Thabut, J.-F. Mornex, C. Pison, A. Cuvelier, M. Balduyck, M.-C. Pujazon, M. Fournier, B. AitIlalne, R. Porcher
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea and exercise capacity) index is used to decide on referral and transplantation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The BODE index has not been validated in patients with α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency, who account for 15% of COPD patients undergoing lung transplantation. We sought to validate the BODE index in α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD. We assessed the prognostic value of the BODE index in 191 patients followed from 2006 to 2012 in a French prospective cohort of patients with α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency. 20 patients died during follow-up and 22 underwent lung transplantation. Survival (95% CI) was 93.0% (91.7–94.3%) at 3 years and 76.0% (72.9–79.1%) at 5 years. The 3-year survival was 97.4% (96.6–98.2%), 98.0% (96.7–99.3%), 87.7% (84.5–90.9%) and 75.3% (66.0–84.6%) for patients with BODE index 0–2, 3–4, 5–6 and 7–10, respectively. Survival discrimination of the BODE index was better than with both forced expiratory volume in 1 s and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification. Regarding calibration, expected survival by BODE index was noticeably lower than observed survival. The BODE index showed very good survival discrimination in patients with α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD. Larger studies are needed to support its use to drive patient referral for lung transplantation.
Re: Book Review of Do-lt-Yourself Medical Testing
Authors: Theodore C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am surprised at the review of<i>Do-It-Yourself Medical Testing</i>.<sup>1</sup>The reviewer admits that the book is "technically accurate," "passably written," and "comprehensive," but the review contains poor English ("prevent them from themselves"), mixed metaphors ("a monster for those of us in the trenches"), inaccurate law (that it is illegal for unlicensed persons to puncture skin), and bad advice (that physicians ought not to buy this book). Certification of phlebotomists does not constitute licensing. Furthermore, many of the statements in the review are questionable, including, "There is a trend among physicians to write anything that will sell," and "Most people would rather see their physician than buy this 'chemistry set' approach." The volume contains no comprehensive instruction in diagnosis and therapeutics, no do-it-yourself history or physical examination. A quick trip to my local discount book outlet, however, uncovered five separate do-it-yourself advisories on drug therapy, as
Nobelists Emphasize Interdependence in Global Science and Technology
Authors: Jaan Kangilaski
Journal: JAMA (1989)

SCIENCE IS much the same the world over and scientists always have been dependent on each other's work—facts that are only beginning to reach the general consciousness as a result of recent technological advances. Joshua Lederberg, PhD, president of Rockefeller University, New York City, a recipient of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology, struck this theme at St Joseph's University in Philadelphia, Pa, while summarizing the Bicentennial Conference on Global Interdependence in Science, Medicine, and Technology in an Era of Cooperation and Competition. The university joined institutions and corporations in the Philadelphia area in sponsoring the conference as a tribute to the Nobel Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden. Lederberg sought in his speech to present an "agenda for interdependence in the world of science," stressing the importance of scientific responsibility in an era of improved communications and greater public interest in science. Half the speakers at the 2-day conference dealt
Birth of the Red Cell
Authors: Mehdi Tavassoli
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aspirin for Secondary Prevention after Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: Prescribed Use and Outcomes
Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objectives: To determine how often aspirin was prescribed as a discharge medication to eligible patients 65 years of age and older who were hospitalized with an acute myocardial infarction; to identify patient characteristics associated with the decision to use aspirin; and to evaluate the association between prescription of aspirin at discharge and 6-month survival. Design: Observational study. Setting: All 352 nongovernment, acute care hospitals in Alabama, Connecticut, Iowa, and Wisconsin. Patients: 5490 consecutive Medicare beneficiaries who survived an acute myocardial infarction, were hospitalized between June 1992 and February 1993, and did not have a contraindication to aspirin. Measurements: Medical charts were reviewed to obtain information on the prescription of aspirin at discharge, contraindications, patient demographic characteristics, and clinical factors. Results: 4149 patients (76%) were prescribed aspirin at hospital discharge. In a multivariable analysis, an increased prescribed use of aspirin at discharge was correlated with several indicators of better overall health status (better left ventricular ejection fraction, absence of diabetes, shorter length of hospital stay, higher albumin level, and discharge to the patient's home). The prescribed use of aspirin at discharge was also associated with several specific patterns of care, including the use of cardiac procedures, β-blocker therapy at discharge, and aspirin during the hospitalization. The prescribed use of aspirin at discharge was associated with a lower mortality rate 6 months after discharge compared with no prescribed aspirin (odds ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.98), even after adjustment for baseline differences in demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics between the two groups. Conclusions: Aspirin was not prescribed at discharge to 24% of elderly patients who were hospitalized with an acute myocardial infarction and did not have a contraindication to aspirin. Several patient characteristics were associated with a higher risk for not being prescribed aspirin. Increasing the prescription of aspirin for these patients may provide an excellent opportunity to improve their care.
Professional and public attitudes towards unsolicited medical intervention
Authors: M. Zwitter, T. Nilstun, L. E Knudsen, B. Zakotnik, J. Klocker, S. Bremberg, G. Frentz, U. Klocker-Kaiser, J. Pedersen
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Several studies have investigated medical intervention in common aspects of lifestyle, and the subject has been discussed from a legal, ethical, and practical point of view.1 Fluoridation of water supplies, legal enforcement of safety measures such as compulsory wearing of seat belts or helmets, and restriction of unhealthy habits such as drinking alcohol or smoking are typical examples of paternalistic programmes—actions that aim to prevent harm or promote the good of others, irrespective of the individual's own wishes. 2 3 What is the position, however, when a doctor's action is neither solicited nor part of his or her contractual duties? In such a situation—which we define as unsolicited medical intervention—the doctor can only speculate about whether his or her action will be welcomed and hence understood as an act of beneficence or whether it will be regarded as an unjustified paternalistic intrusion into privacy.4

According to the 1949international code of medical ethics of the World Medical Association5 and to legislation in many different countries, doctors are obliged to offer first aid in an emergency. However, apart from this relatively clear situation, dilemmas in relation to unsolicited medical intervention have rarely been discussed. The European Code of Medical Ethics, issued in Paris in January 1987by representatives of the medical associations of the European Community, emphasises the principle that “doctors can only use professional knowledge to improve and maintain the health of those who put themselves in their care.”5

We aimed to assess the attitudes of doctors and the expectations of the lay public to unsolicited medical intervention by asking them to consider the ethics of unsolicited medical intervention in three scenarios. We believed that a comparison of the responses of doctors, subgroups of doctors, and lay people would help us to identify gaps between expectations and reality. …
Abstract 4397: A TLR4-interacting peptide (SPA4) reduces the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NF-kappaB signaling, cytokines and migration of colon cancer cells
Authors: Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan, Vijay Ramani, Cate Moriasi, Shrikant Anant, Shanjana Awasthi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Persistent inflammation in patients with colitis can lead to cancer. However, molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammation-induced cancer are not understood. Activation of TLR4-NF-kappaB signaling is associated with inflammation. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibition of TLR4-NF-kappaB signaling will help reduce inflammatory response and inflammation-induced cancer progression. In this work, we studied the effects of a TLR4-interacting surfactant protein-A-derived (SPA4) peptide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TLR4-NF-kappaB signaling and cancer progression in colon adenocarcinoma SW480 cells. The SW480 cells were challenged with Escherichia coli-derived LPS. Cells were then treated with varying amounts of SPA4 peptide. Any changes in the expression of TLR4, intracellular-signaling molecules (IKBalpha, p65, phosphorylated IKBalpha, phosphorylated p65, RelB, Cox-2) and cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6), and activity of NF-kappaB were studied by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting and NF-kappaB reporter assay, respectively. Simultaneously, cell cycle progression, viability and migratory pattern of SW480 cells were followed. We found that the binding of SPA4 peptide to TLR4 inhibits the LPS-induced expression of TLR4, phosphorylated p65, Cox-2, IL-1beta and IL-6, activity of NF-kappaB and migration of SW480 cells. Although there was no significant change in cell cycle progression, the SPA4 peptide significantly inhibited the viability of SW480 cells. In conclusion, our preliminary results suggest that the inhibition of TLR4-NF-kappaB signaling by SPA4 peptide may be useful in prevention and treatment of inflammation and inflammation-induced cancer in patients with colitis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4397. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4397
P1-041: Impact of second hand smoke(SHS) exposure on the likelihood of mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) who had never smoked
Authors: Young Joo Lee, Byoung Chul Cho, Hye Jin Choi, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Shin Myung Kang, Se Kyu Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Jae Heon Jeong, Joo-Hang Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Impact of Minimally Invasive Surgery on Medical Spending and Employee Absenteeism
Authors: Andrew J. Epstein, Peter W. Groeneveld, Michael O. Harhay, Feifei Yang, Daniel Polsky
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

As many surgical procedures have undergone a transition from a standard, open surgical approach to a minimally invasive one in the past 2 decades, the diffusion of minimally invasive surgery may have had sizeable but overlooked effects on medical expenditures and worker productivity.To examine the impact of standard vs minimally invasive surgery on health plan spending and workplace absenteeism for 6 types of surgery.Cross-sectional regression analysis.National health insurance claims data and matched workplace absenteeism data from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2009.A convenience sample of adults with employer-sponsored health insurance who underwent either standard or minimally invasive surgery for coronary revascularization, uterine fibroid resection, prostatectomy, peripheral revascularization, carotid revascularization, or aortic aneurysm repair.Health plan spending and workplace absenteeism from 14 days before through 352 days after the index surgery.There were 321,956 patients who underwent surgery; 23,814 were employees with workplace absenteeism data. After multivariable adjustment, mean health plan spending was lower for minimally invasive surgery for coronary revascularization (-$30,850; 95% CI, -$31,629 to -$30,091), uterine fibroid resection (-$1509; 95% CI, -$1754 to -$1280), and peripheral revascularization (-$12,031; 95% CI, -$15,552 to -$8717) and higher for prostatectomy ($1350; 95% CI, $611 to $2212) and carotid revascularization ($4900; 95% CI, $1772 to $8370). Undergoing minimally invasive surgery was associated with missing significantly fewer days of work for coronary revascularization (mean difference, -37.7 days; 95% CI, -41.1 to -34.3), uterine fibroid resection (mean difference, -11.7 days; 95% CI, -14.0 to -9.4), prostatectomy (mean difference, -9.0 days; 95% CI, -14.2 to -3.7), and peripheral revascularization (mean difference, -16.6 days; 95% CI, -28.0 to -5.2).For 3 of 6 types of surgery studied, minimally invasive procedures were associated with significantly lower health plan spending than standard surgery. For 4 types of surgery, minimally invasive procedures were consistently associated with significantly fewer days of absence from work.
SARS Transmission Pattern in Singapore Reassessed by Viral Sequence Variation Analysis
Authors: Jianjun Liu, Siew Lan Lim, Yijun Ruan, Ai Ee Ling, Lisa F. P Ng, Christian Drosten, Edison T Liu, Lawrence W Stanton, Martin L Hibberd
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Epidemiological investigations of infectious disease are mainly dependent on indirect contact information and only occasionally assisted by characterization of pathogen sequence variation from clinical isolates. Direct sequence analysis of the pathogen, particularly at a population level, is generally thought to be too cumbersome, technically difficult, and expensive. We present here a novel application of mass spectrometry (MS)-based technology in characterizing viral sequence variations that overcomes these problems, and we apply it retrospectively to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in Singapore.
Confusion From Pyridostigmine Bromide: Was There Bromide Intoxication?-Reply
Authors: David M. Rothenberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Senecal and Osterloh raise concerns regarding the clinical correlation and the diagnosis of bromide intoxication in our patient. However, we still consider this diagnosis valid. As pointed out in our article, we also believe that this level of bromide is what would be considered by most to be below a toxic level. Although symptoms are not "usually" seen at this level, we believe that the temporal relationship of symptoms, as well as the peak negative anion gap, correlates with the high dose of pyridostigmine bromide and the bromide level measured. The normal half-life of bromide may have been easily reduced with the use of intravenous crystalloid solution, as was noted in our report, and this may have contributed to the rapid resolution of symptoms. Drs Senecal and Osterloh also question whether an oral dose of 1 mg of levorphanol tartrate could have influenced the encephalopathic picture in
Pharmacological characterisation of a re-entry model for atrial tachycardia in conscious dogs
Authors: K.-M. WU, T. HUNTER, A. PROAKIS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

We studied the effects of intravenously administered autonomic agents, the calcium channel blocker diltiazem, and Class I and III anti-arrhythmic agents on a re-entry model for atrial tachycardia in seven conscious dogs. The model was created by a Y-shaped incision in the intercaval region and front free wall of the right atrium. Acetylcholine (30 μg·kg−1) transiently but significantly shortened the cycle length of atrial tachycardia (CL) by 9 (SD 5)% while atropine (0.2 mg·kg−1) alone did not change or terminate the rhythm. Isoprenaline (4 μg·kg−1) briefly reduced CL, by 13(6)% whereas propranolol (1 mg·kg−1) alone significantly prolonged the CL and terminated the arrhythmia in 50% of the trials. Diltiazem (200 μ.g·kg−1) did not significantly change the CL. Class la agents procainamide (30 mg·kg−1) and quinidine (3.5 ∼ 20 mg·kg−1, effective doses) increased CL by 60(30) and 43(28)% respectively and terminated the arrhythmias. Class lb agents, phenytoin (5 and 10 mg·kg−1, cumulative doses), lignocaine (3.2 ∼ 7 mg·kg−1), and mexiletine (6 ∼ 20 mg·kg−1), prolonged CL by 31(14), 40(15), and 72(13)%; however, consistent conversion of the rhythm occurred only with mexiletine. Ic agents flecainide (0.5 ∼ 3 mg·kg−1) and encainide (0.6 ∼ 6.4 mg·kg−1) lengthened the CL by 58(17) and 75(43)% and converted the rhythm in all cases. Class III agents clofilium (0.5 mg·kg−1), d-sotolol (3.2 ∼ 20 mg·kg−1), and N-acetylprocainamide (15 ∼ 120 mg·kg−1) prolonged the CL by 14(4), 16(5), and 19(7)% and terminated the arrhythmia in all trials. The magnitudes of CL prolongation by the Class III agents were significantly smaller than those by the Class la, lb, or Ic agents. These results show that in this re-entrant model for atrial tachycardia endogenous adrenergic but not cholinergic systems play a major role in maintaining impulse propagation and that calcium channel mediated slow inward currents do not participate in the impulse generation processes. Further, using CL as an index, the model serves as a useful tool for differentiating Class III from Class I anti-arrhythmic activities.
Angiotensin II infusion decreases plasma adiponectin level via its type 1 receptor in rats: an implication for hypertension-related insulin resistance
Authors: Jianmin Ran, Tsutomu Hirano, Tomoyasu Fukui, Kiyomi Saito, Haruaki Kageyama, Kenta Okada, Mitsuru Adachi
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
Cardiac tamponade in medical patients.
Authors: B A Guberman, N O Fowler, P J Engel, M Gueron, J M Allen
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We reviewed the cases of 56 medical patients wih cardiac tamponade who were treated at the University of Cincinnati. A paradoxic arterial pulse was critical in the diagnosis because most patients did not have a small quiet heart, and blood pressure was often well maintained. Fifty-two of 55 patients had enlarged cardiac silhouette by chest radiogram; heart sounds were diminished in 19 patients; arterial systolic pressure was greater than or equal to 100 mm Hg in 35, and arterial pulse pressure was greater than or equal to 40 mm Hg in 27. Echocardiograms in 23 patients showed abnormally increased right ventricular dimensions and decreased left ventricular dimensions during inspiration, except in one patient with left ventricular dysfunction. The causes of cardiac tamponade were metastatic tumor in 18 patients, idiopathic pericarditis in eight and uremia in five; five cases of tamponade occurred after heparin administration in acute cardiac infarction. Myxedema and dissecting aneurysm each caused tamponade in two patients. Pericardiocentesis relieved tamponade initially in 40 of 46 patients; however, two suffered fatal complications. Pericardial resection was done in 18, including 12 of these 46.