tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Diagnosis: Imaging and Other Techniques
Authors: Reginald E. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is a new text directed to radiologists, chest physicians, and other clinicians concerned with clinical pulmonary diagnosis. It presents the "state of the art" of new imaging modalities and includes an aggregation of special topics in chest disease. This is not a comprehensive text, but rather a loose collection of topics on that subject. In addition to clinical radiological topics, the book includes a chapter on an essentially experimental subject, "Analysis of Lung Density by Computed Tomography." The first section of the book is devoted to new imaging modalities, including conventional tomography, fluoroscopy, bronchography, ultrasonography, radionuclide imaging, and computed tomography. The rapidly developing technology in the latter three areas generally causes texts to be almost immediately out of date. However, the chapters on ultrasonography, radionuclide scanning, and computed tomography are quite up to date. Cardiac imaging is not included in the chapter on radionuclide imaging. The chapter on computed
Inhibition of RET Increases the Efficacy of Antiestrogen and Is a Novel Treatment Strategy for Luminal Breast Cancer
Authors: Philip M. Spanheimer, Jung-Min Park, Ryan W. Askeland, Mikhail V. Kulak, George W. Woodfield, James P. De Andrade, Anthony R. Cyr, Sonia L. Sugg, Alexandra Thomas, Ronald J. Weigel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Recent findings suggest that combination treatment with antiestrogen and anti-RET may offer a novel treatment strategy in a subset of patients with breast cancer. We investigated the role of RET in potentiating the effects of antiestrogen response and examined whether RET expression predicted the ability for tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) to affect extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation in primary breast cancer.Growth response, ERK1/2 activation, Ki-67, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling were assessed in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in xenografts with vandetanib and/or tamoxifen. Thirty tumors with matched normal breast tissue were evaluated for RET expression and response to TKI treatment.Vandetanib potentiated the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen in hormone responsive (P = 0.01) and hormone insensitive (P < 0.001) estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer cells. Vandetanib significantly repressed tumorigenesis of MCF-7 xenografts (P < 0.001), which displayed decreased activation of ERK1/2 and AKT. Vandetanib and tamoxifen reduced the growth of established tumors with a greater effect of dual therapy compared with single agent (P = 0.003), with tamoxifen-reducing proliferative index and vandetanib-inducing apoptosis. In primary breast cancers, RET expression correlated with the ERα-positive subtype. Relative decrease in ERK1/2 phosphorylation with TKI treatment was 42% (P < 0.001) in RET-positive tumors versus 14% (P = ns) in RET-negative tumors.Vandetanib potentiated the antigrowth effects of tamoxifen in breast cancer, which was mediated through RET activation. RET predicted response to TKI therapy with minimal effects on ERK1/2 activation in RET-negative tumors. The preclinical data support evaluation of antiestrogen in combination with TKI as a potential treatment strategy for RET-positive luminal breast cancer.
Vincristine and Quadriparesis
Authors: Richard H. Wheeler, May Votaw
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 November 1974Vincristine and QuadriparesisRICHARD H. WHEELER, M.D., MAY VOTAW, M.D.RICHARD H. WHEELER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MAY VOTAW, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-5-709_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their review, "Vincristine Neurotoxicity" (Ann Intern Med 80:733-737, 1974), Rosenthal and Kaufman summarize the reported cases of severe neurotoxicity. We wish to report an additional case of quadriparesis after minimal vincristine therapy.A 25-year-old man, was found to have Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosing type, on supraclavicular node biopsy in December 1970. On the basis of symptoms of fatigue and a 15-pound weight loss plus palpable splenomegaly, the stage was thought to be III B; he was treated with intravenous, followed by oral, Cytoxan® for 2 years.He had a complete clinical remission until December 1973, when...References1. MUBASHIR B and BART J: Vincristine neurotoxicity. New Engl J Med 286:517, 1972 Google Scholar2. WEIDEN P and WRIGHT S: Vincristine neurotoxicity. N Engl J Med 286:1369-1370, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HILDEBRAND J and KENIS Y: Additive toxicity of vincristine and other drugs for the peripheral nervous system. Three case reports. Acta Neurol Belg 71:486-491, 1971 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BYFIELD J: Ionizing radiation and vincristine—possible neurotoxic synergism. Radial Clin Biol 41:129-138, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RICHARD H. WHEELER, M.D.; MAY VOTAW, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNeurologic ComplicationsNeurologic ComplicationsNeurologic ComplicationsFulminant Peripheral Neuropathy with Severe Quadriparesis Associated with Vincristine TherapyVincristine neurotoxicity with residual equinocavus deformity in children with acute leukemiaAccidental intrathecal vincristine administrationCytostatic and immunosuppressive drugs 1 November 1974Volume 81, Issue 5 Page: 709-710 Keywords Biopsy Fatigue Hodgkin lymphoma Splenomegaly Weight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gene transfer of contractilin, a recombinant inotropic antibody-based protein, improves cardiac function in the BIO 14.6 hamster
Authors: Thomas Dieterle, Markus Meyer, Yusu Gu, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Eric Swanson, Mitsuo Iwatate, Kirk L. Peterson, Wolfgang H. Dillmann, John Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The Vegf Pathway in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Efficacy of Everolimus by Baseline Marker Level, and Prognostic and Predictive Effect Analyses from Radiant-3
Authors: J.C. Yao, M. Shah, A. Panneerselvam, S. Stergiopoulos, D. Chen, T. Ito, M. Pavel, S. Faivre, P. Niccoli, J.L. Raoul, Y. Bang, I. Borbath, J.W. Valle, X. Huang, S. Patyna, R. Chao, E. Raymond, B. Wiedenmann, J. Capdevila, W.W. De Herder, C. Metzer, R. Salazar, D. Horsch, K. Oberg, E. Grande, D. Castellano, R. García-Carbonero, A. Teulé, I. Durán, J. Fuster, I. Sevilla, P. Escudero, J. Sastre, O. Casanovas, L. Ortega, J. Earl, J.J. Díez, G. de Velasco, F. Longo, A. Navarro, V. Pachón, A. Carrato, J. Craig, M. Cheung, C. Law, S. Singh, J. Seitz, D. Smith, D. O'Toole, C. Lepère, C. Dromain, A. Gorana, E. Mitry, M.P. Ducreux, T.A. Walter, E. Baudin, J.E. Kurtz, P. Ruszniewski, L. Bengrine-Lefevre, G. Cadiot, S. Dominguez-Tinajero, S. Kraemer, T. Meyer, M. Caplin, N. Reed, W. Qian, S. Lao-Sirieix, G. Armstrong, J. Valle, D. Tablot, D. Cunningham, P. Corrie, P. Claringbold, J.H. Turner, C. Dreyer, O. Hentic, M. Zappa, P. Hammel, M. Bouattour, C. Mateescu, J.M. Oconnor, S. Belli, V. Pesce, C. Bestani, G. Mendez, E. Dominichini, A. Cabanne, G. Lopez, F. Marmissolle, E. Roca, V. Alonso, L. Anton-Aparicio, P. Jimenez Fonseca, J.J. Reina, J.L. Manzano, J. Alonso-Jara, P. García Alfonso, J.C. Leyden, S.C. Bowen Jones, L. Foster, W. Mansoor, R. Hubner, B. Chakrabarty, Z. Mohamed, D.J. Pinato, R. Sharma, C. Papadaki, G. Pentheroudakis, A. Cervantes Ruiperez, E. Lagoudaki, D. Petrakis, J. Souglakos, E.R. Braun, V. Georgoulias, D. Mavroudis, N. Pavlidis, T. Shimoi, E. Sasaki, M. Kudo, T. Shimoyama, Y. Omuro, R. Okamoto, Y. Maeda, T. Sasaki, A. Markovich, G. Emelianova, V. Gorbounova, V. Bruzgin, N. Orel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
8 Cadaveric liver allograft versus living donor allograft for hepatitis C viral infection in 100 consecutive liver transplant recipients under tacrolimus: Single center experience
Authors: A. Bozorgzadeh, A. Jain, C. Ryan, D. Ornt, M. Zand, P. Mantry, K. Lansing, M. Orloff
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Associations of Cigarette Smoking But Not Serum Fatty Acids with Age-related Macular Degeneration in a Japanese Population
Authors: Sho Kabasawa, Keisuke Mori, Kuniko Horie-Inoue, Peter L. Gehlbach, Satoshi Inoue, Takuya Awata, Shigehiro Katayama, Shin Yoneya
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Association of Preoperative Plasma Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins-2 and -3 With Prostate Cancer Invasion, Progression, and Metastasis
Authors: Shahrokh F. Shariat, Dolores J. Lamb, Michael W. Kattan, Cuong Nguyen, JaHong Kim, Josie Beck, Thomas M. Wheeler, Kevin M. Slawin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that preoperative plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (BP)-2 or IGFBP-3 would predict cancer stage and prognosis in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Plasma levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were measured preoperatively in 120 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized disease, postoperatively in 51 of these patients, in 44 healthy men, in 19 patients with metastases to regional lymph nodes, and in 10 patients with bone metastases. RESULTS: Plasma IGFBP-3 levels were lowest in patients with bone metastases (P ≤ .043). IGFBP-2 levels were elevated in prostate cancer patients compared with healthy subjects (P ≤ .006). However, within the group of prostatectomy patients, preoperative plasma IGFBP-2 levels were lower in patients with advanced disease (P ≤ .033), were inversely correlated with prostatic tumor volume (P = .037), and declined after prostate removal (P = .044). Lower preoperative IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 levels and biopsy Gleason score were independent predictors of biochemical progression (P = .043, P = .040, and P = .020, respectively). In patients with disease progression, preoperative plasma IGFBP-3 levels were lower in those with aggressive than in those with nonaggressive failure (P = .042). CONCLUSION: Elevation of plasma IGFBP-2 levels in prostate cancer patients apparently is due to increased release directly from the prostate. For patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, preoperative plasma IGFBP-2 levels are inversely associated with biologically aggressive disease and disease progression. Preoperative plasma IGFBP-3 levels were decreased in patients with prostate cancer metastases and were an independent predictor of biochemical progression after surgery, presumably because of an association with occult metastatic disease present at the time of radical prostatectomy.
Heart disease in Asians and Pacific-Islanders, Hispanics, and Native Americans.
Authors: P N Yu
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for Asian-Americans and Pacific-Islanders, Hispanic-Americans, and Native Americans. Generally, heart disease death rates are lower in these population groups than in Caucasians, with the notable exception of Native Americans under the age of 35. Of particular interest are data for southwestern US Native Americans and Mexican-Americans, which indicate low CHD prevalence rates despite high rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus, increasing hypertension, and low socioeconomic status. Much more research is needed to explain these and other observations. Intervention in those risk factors already identified is necessary, particularly in prevention of obesity and diabetes.
Two distinctions concerning emulators
Authors: Mark Wexler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

The target article distinguishes between modal and amodal emulators (the former predict future sensory states from current sensory states and motor actions, the latter operate on more abstract descriptions of the environment), and motor and environment emulators (the former predict the results of one's own actions, the latter predict all changes in the environment). I question the applicability of modal emulators, and the generalization to environment emulators.
Abstract 2437: PKA/AMPK signaling is a mediator of the anti-proliferative effect of adiponectin on multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Edward Antonio Medina, Srikanth R. Polusani, Kelli Oberheu, Babatunde Oyajobi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Obesity increases the risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM). Adiponectin is a cytokine produced primarily by adipocytes, but paradoxically decreased in obesity, that has been implicated in progression of multiple myeloma. Herein, we evaluated the effects of prolonged exposure to adiponectin on the survival of MM cells as well as putative signaling mechanisms. We found that adiponectin activates PKA, which leads to decreased AKT activity and increased AMPK activation. AMPK, in turn, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Adiponectin-induced apoptosis may be mediated, at least in part, by the PKA/AMPK-dependent decline in the expression of the enzyme acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACC), which is critical to lipogenesis and thus cell survival. Importantly, supplementation with palmitic acid, the preliminary end product of fatty acid synthesis, rescues MM cells from adiponectin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furan carboxylic acid (TOFA), an ACC inhibitor, exhibited potent anti-proliferative effects on MM cells that could also be inhibited by fatty acid supplementation. Thus, the effect of adiponectin to reduce survival of MM cells appear to be mediated via its ability to suppress lipogenesis. Our findings suggest that activators of the PKA/AMPK pathway, or inhibitors of ACC, may be useful adjuvants in the treatment of MM. Moreover, the anti-myeloma effect of adiponectin supports the concept that decreased circulating levels of the adipokine, as occurs in obesity, promotes MM tumor progression. Citation Format: Edward Antonio Medina, Srikanth R. Polusani, Kelli Oberheu, Babatunde Oyajobi. PKA/AMPK signaling is a mediator of the anti-proliferative effect of adiponectin on multiple myeloma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2437. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2437
Electrocardiography in Infants and Children
Authors: William J. Rashkind
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The volume is a translation into book form of a recent postgraduate course on "Electrocardiography in Infants and Children," held at the Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit. This approach does not permit presentation of a coherent, comprehensive treatise. There are marked variations from author to author both in quality and quantity; there are frequent repetitions from chapter to chapter; and several important topics are almost completely omitted, as, for example, primary myocardiopathies. There is a considerable amount of valuable information in the volume. Some of the general chapters cover their subjects very well. Particularly noteworthy in this regard are the chapters on the relationship of the standard electrocardiograms to the vectorcardiogram and the normal ECG in the newborn and infant (Liebman), and the marvelously compressed chapter on the normal ECG and vectorcardiogram in children (Namin and Miller). Several chapters on specific subjects are also extremely informative, especially that on low-pressure shunts
The Case of Samuel Golubchuk and the Right to Live
Authors: Alan Jotkowitz, Shimon Glick, Ari Z. Zivotofsky
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2010)

Samuel Golubchuk was unwittingly at the center of a medical controversy with important ethical ramifications. Mr. Golubchuk, an 84-year-old patient whose precise neurological level of function was open to debate, was being artificially ventilated and fed by a gastrostomy tube prior to his death. According to all reports he was neither brain dead nor in a vegetative state. The physicians directly responsible for his care had requested that they be allowed to remove the patient from life support against the wishes of the patient's family. Concurrently the Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons released a statement which states that the final decision to withdraw life support lies with the physician. In our opinion the statement is ethically problematic for a number of reasons. 1. It is an affront to the guiding principles of Western medical ethics: patient autonomy and human freedom. 2. The position of Samuel Golubchuk's physicians and the new statement lack cultural sensitivity towards other traditions. 3. In modern society there exists an erosion of a basic attitude towards the value of life. 4. The ability of physicians to predict life expectancy in terminally ill patients has been shown repeatedly to be quite limited.
Requests for late termination of pregnancy: Tower Hamlets, 1983.
Authors: W Savage
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The case histories of all women seeking late (more than 20 weeks' gestation) abortion in the NHS district of Tower Hamlets in 1983 were assessed. Of 12 women requesting late abortion, seven underwent termination of pregnancy. All the women had severe social or psychological problems, or both. The main reasons for late presentation were denial of pregnancy, youth, and mental disorder. In a small group of atypical women late abortion seems to be justified for reasons other than fetal abnormality.
Remission of Behçet's syndrome with tumour necrosis factor α blocking therapy
Authors: P H Goossens, R J Verburg, F C Breedveld
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

A 40 year old man presented in 1986 with painful noduli and skin ulcers on his foot. Based on a deep skin biopsy, showing obliteration of the vascular lumen with necrosis and infiltration of lymphocytes in the vascular wall, a diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa was made. Treatment with prednisone (40 mg daily) was started, but because of persistent disease activity azathioprine (150 mg/day) and, subsequently, cyclophosphamide (100 mg/day) was added. Despite this treatment, the symptoms recurred periodically. In subsequent years he became steroid …
Induction of p53 and up-regulation of the p53 pathway in the human 5q− syndrome
Authors: Andrea Pellagatti, Teresa Marafioti, Jennifer C. Paterson, Jillian L. Barlow, Lesley F. Drynan, Aristoteles Giagounidis, Stefano A. Pileri, Mario Cazzola, Andrew N. J. McKenzie, James S. Wainscoat, Jacqueline Boultwood
Journal: Blood (2010)
Abstract P1-09-11: Can patient navigation help overcome barriers to breast cancer treatment in patients with health care disparities?
Authors: T Elrafei, M Castaldi, A Shaker, T Stanise, R Gralla, M Matquez, W Bodner, L Reed, M Strakhan, K Alexis
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Patient navigation has been demonstrated to aid in adherence to breast cancer screening initiatives. Fewer studies have documented benefit for patients undergoing treatment, and especially among those with barriers to care. Cancer health disparities affecting low-income and minority patients are well documented. Causes of poor outcomes include treatment delays coupled with social and financial barriers. This report examines the impact of patient navigation on adherence to prescribed cancer treatment, including in patients receiving treatment in adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer settings. Methods: This Patient Navigation project (supported by an Avon Foundation grant) was initiated at our public safety net hospital to test whether there was sufficient benefit to warrant a larger randomized trial. Health care coverage included 58% Medicaid, 7% uninsured or undocumented. This study was conducted over a 4 month period with new medical oncology practice patients. Those deemed to be at high risk for non-adherence received navigated care. Navigator duties included care coordination, appointment reminders, patient education materials, translation services, and transportation arrangement. Data collected prospectively included patient characteristics, cancer type, time from referral to first RT, and compliance with visits; this was compared with usual care controls during the 4 month period. Results: Patient Navigation Program patient characteristics: N = 52 patients (42% breast cancer, 12% prostate cancer, 10% lung cancer and 36% with other cancers). Mean age = 55; 48% Black, 38% Hispanic, 8% Asian, 6% White. The table below gives the results of percentage of adherence to visits (and time to first RT) for all patients in the study receiving navigated care, for just the patients with breast cancer receiving navigated care, and for the usual care control (no navigated care). Table 1. NAVIGATED CARE: ALL PATIENTS (N = 52)NAVIGATED CARE: BREAST CANCER (n = 22)USUAL CARE GROUPPhysician Visits (Medical Oncology)(141 Visits) 90% (95% CI: 84%-95%)(56 Visits) 91% (95% CI: 80%-97%)(2021 Visits) 79% (95% CI: 77%-81%)Chemotherapy Treatment(107 Treatments) 95% (95% CI: 89%-99%)(30 Treatments) 97% (95% CI: 83%-99%)(1656 Treatments) 86% (95% CI: 84%-88%)Time to first RT32 Days (n = 25)35 Days (n = 8)30 Days Conclusions: This Patient Navigation Program is associated with observed improvements in adherence to chemotherapy and in follow up physician visits. No impact on time to first RT was shown. These results document that a Patient Navigation Program can help overcome barriers to good cancer care. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-09-11.
Ill at ease
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Anticholinergics, bottles of peppermint scented aluminium hydroxide, liquorice tablets, milk diets, and vagotomy and pyloroplasty—all the things that I remember from my childhood as treatment of peptic ulceration because my father tried them all without success (indeed, the V and P very nearly killed him)—were rendered redundant first by new pharmacological treatments and then by the discovery of the role of the Helicobacter .

Things have changed dramatically in other respects too. For example, in 1989, in The Wench Is Dead , Inspector Morse (Colin Dexter’s hero of the Oxford police) was admitted with haematemesis, via the emergency department, to the John Radcliffe Infirmary. In those days, everything was done manually and thermometers still had …
Time Course of Risk Factors in Cancer Etiology and Progression
Authors: Esther K. Wei, Kathleen Y. Wolin, Graham A. Colditz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Patients with cancer increasingly ask what they can do to change their lifestyles and improve outcomes. Risk factors for onset of cancer may differ substantially from those that modify survival with implications for counseling. This review focuses on recent data derived from population-based studies of causes of cancer and of patients with cancer to contrast risk factors for etiology with those that impact survival. For different cancer sites, the level of information to inform the timing of lifestyle exposures and risk of disease onset or progression after diagnosis is often limited. For breast cancer, timing of some exposures, such as radiation, is particularly important. For other exposures, such as physical activity, higher levels may prevent onset and also improve survival. For colon cancer, study of precursor polyps has provided additional insight to timing. Extensive data indicate that physical activity reduces risk of colon cancer, and more limited data suggest that exposure after diagnosis improves survival. Dietary factors including folate and calcium may also reduce risk of onset. More limited data on prostate cancer point to obesity increasing risk of aggressive or advanced disease. Timing of change in lifestyle for change in risk of onset and for survival is important but understudied among patients with cancer. Counseling patients with cancer to increase physical activity and avoid weight gain may improve outcomes. Advice to family members on lifestyle may become increasingly important for breast and other cancers where family history is a strong risk factor.