tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Jet injection of insulin: comparison with conventional injection by syringe and needle.
Authors: R Worth, J Anderson, R Taylor, K G Alberti
Journal: BMJ (1980)

extremely low in advanced renal failure; the concentration is normal or increased, however, in patients with early to moderate renal failure, in whom hypocalcaemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and defective bone mineralisation are often present.4Furthermore, treatment with 1 cx,25-dihydroxy or 1 oc-hydroxy vitamin D3 might alleviate skeletal pain, increase serum calcium concentration, suppress secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve the skeletal lesions of osteitis fibrosa; results in patients with osteomalacia, however, were disappointing.5The question remains, therefore, whether another metabolite of vitamin D, important for normal bone structure, is affected in renal failure.24,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D may possibly play a part in normal bone formation.2Our findings show that production of this metabolite is already impaired in early stages of renal failure.If low serum concentrations of 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D are causally related to the osteomalacia of chronic renal failure, treatment with both 1,25-dihydroxy and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D may be needed to prevent and heal renal osteodystrophy.
Letter: Keratoconjunctivitis caused by Adenovirus Type 19.
Authors: J Desmyter, J C De Jong, K W Slaterus, H Verlaeckt
Journal: BMJ (1974)

SIR,-In the summer of 1973 an epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis due to enterovirus type 701 occurred among in- dustrial workers, including Belgian com- muters, in Dunkirk, France.Our inquiry
Popliteal cyst rupture in normal knee joints
Authors: M Jayson
Journal: BMJ (1980)

diastolic hypertension may be expected to be one-third to a half of those with a casual elevation of pressure1 2-that is, less than two million.We cannot condone the indiscriminate labelling of persons as hypertensive when they have only a transient anxiety-related rise in blood pressure.These patients, if treated, may experience a marked reduction in blood pressure and such treatment may not be in the best interests of the patients.As Anderson has shown,3 from the Framingham data, cardiovascular events do not increase until the diastolic blood pressure exceeds 90-99 mm Hg.There may be no benefit from reducing lower levels of diastolic pressure.
Can we prevent immunogenicity of human protein drugs?
Authors: D W Scott, A S De Groot
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Monoclonal antibodies have proved to be extremely valuable additions to conventional treatment for rheumatic diseases. However, despite the general trend towards "humanisation", these drugs remain immunogenic in clinical settings, baffling drug developers. In principle, humanised and fully human monoclonal antibodies are "self" immunoglobulins and should be tolerated. In this overview, the factors that may influence this process, the nature of immunogenicity and methods to analyse and modify potential immunogenicity are discussed. Finally, novel approaches to "re-induce" immunological tolerance to these proteins, including gene therapy and the recognition of unique regulatory epitopes, are outlined.
DSCAM and DSCAML1 Function in Self-Avoidance in Multiple Cell Types in the Developing Mouse Retina
Authors: Peter G. Fuerst, Freyja Bruce, Miao Tian, Wei Wei, Justin Elstrott, Marla B. Feller, Lynda Erskine, Joshua H. Singer, Robert W. Burgess
Journal: Neuron (2009)
TCT-700 A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Ostial and Trunk versus Distal Lesions in Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting
Authors: Wassef Karrowni, Amandeep Dhaliwal, Nader Makki, Saadeddine Dughman, Amy Blevins, Peter Cram, Phillip Horwitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Characterization of point mutations in the same arginine codon in three unrelated patients with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Authors: A Maddalena, J E Spence, W E O'Brien, R L Nussbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Point mutations in the X-linked ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) gene have been detected at the same Taq I restriction site in 3 of 24 unrelated probands with OTC deficiency. A de novo mutation could be traced in all three families to an individual in a prior generation, confirming independent recurrence. The DNA sequence in the region of the altered Taq I site was determined in the three probands. In two unrelated male probands with neonatal onset of severe OTC deficiency, a guanine (G) to adenine (A) mutation on the sense strand (antisense cytosine [C] to thymine [T]) was found, resulting in glutamine for arginine at amino acid 109 of the mature polypeptide. In the third case, where the proband was a symptomatic female, C to T (sense strand) transition converted residue 109 to a premature stop. These results support the observation that Taq I restriction sites, which contain an internal CG, are particularly susceptible to C to T transition mutation due to deamination of a methylated C in either the sense or antisense strand. The OTC gene seems especially sensitive to C to T transition mutation at arginine codon 109 because either a nonsense mutation or an extremely deleterious missense mutation will result.
Role of endogenous adenosine in postdefibrillation bradyarrhythmia and hemodynamic depression.
Authors: R C Wesley, L Belardinelli
Journal: Circulation (1989)

In halothane-nitrous oxide-anesthetized pigs, the effect of the competitive adenosine antagonist, BW-A1433U (a derivative of 1,3-dipropyl-8-phenylxanthine), on postdefibrillation bradyarrhythmia and hemodynamic depression was investigated. In protocol 1, repetitive episodes of ventricular fibrillation lasting 15 seconds before transthoracic DC shock were performed in five animals, before (control) and after the administration of BW-A1433U (5 mg/kg i.v.). An unsuccessful initial shock was immediately followed by a rescue shock of 40 A. In ventricular fibrillation episodes requiring rescue shocks, nine of 19 episodes (47%) exhibited second- or third-degree atrioventricular block at 15 seconds postdefibrillation compared with only one of 16 BW-A1433U episodes (6%). In protocol 2, the effect of BW-A1433U was determined in the presence of dipyridamole, a nucleoside uptake blocker known to potentiate the cardiac actions of adenosine. To counter the hypotensive effect of dipyridamole, methoxamine was continuously infused at 0.015 mg/kg/min i.v. Sequential episodes of ventricular fibrillation lasting 45 seconds were terminated by shocks of 40 A in the presence of methoxamine alone, after dipyridamole (1.5-7.5 mg i.v.), and after BW-A1433U (5 mg/kg i.v.). Over the first 15 seconds postdefibrillation, BW-A1433U significantly (p less than 0.05) increased the number of spontaneous beats (31 +/- 2) and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (111 +/- 4/67 +/- 5 mm Hg; mean +/- SEM; n = 9) compared with both methoxamine (16 +/- 2 beats; 98 +/- 14/52 +/- 12 mm Hg; n = 5) and dipyridamole (8 +/- 3 beats; 58 +/- 11/27 +/- 6 mm Hg; n = 9), respectively. Rapid infusion of BW-A1433U during dipyridamole postdefibrillation periods raised heart rate and blood pressure to preventricular fibrillation levels within 30 seconds. Thus, BW-A1433U can reverse and prevent postdefibrillation bradyarrhythmia and hemodynamic depression. Endogenous adenosine may be an important mediator of postdefibrillation cardiovascular collapse.
469 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS ASSOCIATED WITH SPONTANEOUS HEPATITIS C VIRUS CLEARANCE AMONG CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: M.-H. Lee, Y. Yuan, H.-I. Yang, S.-N. Lu, Y.-J. Lin, P.-J. Liu, Y.-C. Chien, C.-L. Jen, S.-L. You, L.-Y. Wang, G. L'Italien, C.-J. Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Neovascular Glaucoma Developing after Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery for Heavily Irradiated Eyes
Authors: Sek Keung Kwok, Shing Fai Leung, Patrick Chi Ping Ho, Sonal Gandhi, Ivan Ngan Chen, John Joseph Michon, Dennis Shun Chiu Lam, Jimmy Shiu Ming Lai
Journal: Ophthalmology (1997)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Ocular Infection: A 10-Year Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Ching-Hsi Hsiao, Chih-Chun Chuang, Hsin-Yuan Tan, David H.K. Ma, Ken-Kuo Lin, Chee-Jen Chang, Yhu-Chering Huang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Correction of Thiamine Depletion Syndromes Refractory to Oral Thiamine Hydrochloride.
Authors: Allan D. Thomson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Correction of Thiamine Depletion Syndromes Refractory to Oral Thiamine Hydrochloride.Allan D. Thomson, M.D., Herman Baker, Ph.D., Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Allan D. Thomson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Herman Baker, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-792_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMalabsorption of commercially available thiamine preparations is often responsible for clinical and laboratory evidence of a deficiency of this vitamin. Studies of thiamine propyl disulfide indicate its intestinal transport, unlike thiamine hydrochloride which is widely used as a food supplement, is not rate-limited. Absorption of these congeners was compared in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 malnourished alcoholics with normal blood (25 to 70 ng/ml) and spinal fluid (25 to 40 ng/ml) thiamine levels (Ochromonas danica). Therapeutic effectiveness of thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine propyldisulfide was investigated in eight alcoholics with Wernicke's encephalopathy and oculomotor palsy who had an average blood and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Allan D. Thomson, M.D.; Herman Baker, Ph.D.; Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Newark and East Orange, NJ. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 792-792KeywordsAlcoholicsBloodBrain diseasesClinical laboratoriesFoodParalysisResearch laboratoriesThiamine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
A link between skin and airways regarding sensitivity to fragrance products?
Authors: J. Elberling, A. Linneberg, H. Mosbech, A. Dirksen, L. Frolund, F. Madsen, N.H. Nielsen, J.D. Johansen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Exposure to volatile fragrances is commonplace and may be related to various eye and airway symptoms. Skin exposure to fragrances is known to cause perfume contact allergy and eczema, but it is unknown whether eye or airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products are associated with contact allergy or eczema.To investigate if eye and airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products are associated with perfume contact allergy or hand eczema in a population-based sample.A questionnaire on eye and airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products was mailed to 1189 individuals who had recently participated in a Danish population-based study of allergic diseases. Results from the questionnaire about localization and character of the symptoms were compared with data on patch testing and 1-year prevalence of hand eczema collected during the health examination.Positive, independent and significant (P < 0.05) associations were found between eye and airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products and perfume contact allergy (adjusted odds ratios 2.0-3.7) and hand eczema (adjusted odds ratios 1.6-2.6). In further analysis, similar and consistent results were found regarding severity of the symptoms. No associations were found between nickel contact allergy and the symptoms. Female sex and psychological vulnerability were independently associated with eye and airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products, but adjustment in multivariate analysis did not change the results regarding perfume contact allergy and hand eczema.Individuals with perfume contact allergy and/or hand eczema, as opposed to those without, have more frequent and more severe eye or airway symptoms after exposure to volatile fragrance products. Having hand eczema has the greatest impact on reporting eye and airway symptoms elicited by fragrance products.
Vancomycin Therapy in Patients with Impaired Renal Function: A Nomogram for Dosage
Authors: ROBERT C. MOELLERING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

The relation between vancomycin clearance and renal function was studied in 22 patients with various degrees of renal functional impairment and in four normal volunteers. Clearance of vancomycin and creatinine were highly correlated (r = 0.92) among 17 persons not on dialysis. In five dialysis patients vancomycin clearance averaged 0.086 mL/min . kg of body weight (+/- SEM = 0.025). These relations enabled us to construct a nomogram for vancomycin dosage adjustment (based on a mean steady-state serum vancomycin concentration of 15 micrograms/mL) in patients with various degrees of renal functional impairment.
CaV2.3 channel and PKCλ: new players in insulin secretion
Authors: Shao-Nian Yang, Per-Olof Berggren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Insulin secretion is critically dependent on the proper function of a complex molecular network. CaV2.3-knockout (CaV2.3–/–) and PKCλ-knockout (PKCλ–/–) mouse models now suggest that these 2 players, the Cav2.3 channel and PKCλ, are important constituents of this molecular network. Subsequent to glucose stimulation, insulin is released from the pancreatic β cell in a biphasic pattern, i.e., a rapid initial phase followed by a slower, more sustained phase. Interestingly, Ca2+ influx through the CaV2.3 channel regulates only the second phase of insulin secretion. PKCλ seems to enter the β cell nucleus and in turn modulates the expression of several genes critical for β cell secretory function. Studies by Hashimoto et al. and Jing et al. in this issue of the JCI set out to answer the question of why numerous isoforms of proteins with similar functions are present in the β cell. This is important, since it has been difficult to understand the modulatory and/or regulatory roles of different isoforms of proteins in defined subcellular compartments and at various times during the secretory process in both β cell physiology and pathophysiology.
Niacin: Antipellagra Factor, Hypocholesterolemic Agent
Authors: Grace A. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Niacin, the antipellagra factor, which was found recently to be a hypocholesterolemic agent, serves well as a prototype of the trends in nutrition research in the present century. When Joseph Goldberger initiated his studies of the etiology of pellagra in 1914,1-3the concept that disease could be due to deficiency of a nutritional factor was relatively new and had not gained wide acceptance. His brilliant epidemiological studies, culminating in the experimental production of pellagra in a group of prisoners by dietary restriction, proved that pellagra was due to nutritional deficiency.4-6Search for the missing dietary factor required more than 20 years. Goldberger7participated in this search and suggested at one time that amino acid deficiency might be involved but later concluded that vitamin deficiency was probably responsible.  Nutrition research during the 25 years following Goldberger's early work was directed primarily toward determination of essential dietary substances for
Pulsed Doppler findings in patients with coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: R E Shaddy, A R Snider, N H Silverman, W Lutin
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We used combined two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography to examine 37 infants and children with coarctation of the aorta and 19 normal subjects. The ages ranged from 1 day to 16 years. We compared the differences between the Doppler flow signal from the ascending aorta and the descending aorta below the coarctation in each patient, as well as the differences between the corresponding flow signals in the aorta of patients with coarctation and normal subjects. Six variables were measured from each Doppler signal: acceleration slope (peak rate of acceleration), acceleration time (time from onset of flow to the peak systolic frequency), antegrade flow time, peak systolic frequency, peak velocity of flow, and deceleration slope (peak rate of deceleration). In patients with coarctation, each of these variables was significantly different in the descending aorta compared with the ascending aorta. There was a decrease in the acceleration slope (14 +/- 13 vs 87 +/- 67 kHz/sec) (mean +/- SD), peak systolic frequency (1.8 +/- 1.0 vs 5.2 +/- 1.9 kHz), peak velocity of flow (0.70 +/- 0.40 vs 1.4 +/- 0.44 m/sec), and deceleration slope (11 +/- 11 vs 27 +/- 12 kHz/sec). There was also a prolongation of the acceleration time (140 +/- 50 vs 88 +/- 22 msec) and antegrade flow time (330 +/- 120 vs 270 +/- 50 msec). In addition, these variables in the descending aorta of patients with coarctation were significantly different from those in the descending aorta of normal subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Structure of human CD1b with bound ligands at 2.3 Å, a maze for alkyl chains
Authors: Stephan D. Gadola, Nathan R. Zaccai, Karl Harlos, Dawn Shepherd, Julio C. Castro-Palomino, Gerd Ritter, Richard R. Schmidt, E. Yvonne Jones, Vincenzo Cerundolo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)
THE "INFECTIVE GRANULE" AS THE INITIAL PHASE IN THE LIFE-HISTORY OF A HAEMOGREGARINE: (Preliminary Note.)
Authors: H. Henry
Journal: BMJ (1912)

THE " INFECTIVE GRANYULE." [DEC.I4, 19I2. in the individual and ini the comlmulnity.It must be remembered that the believed parasite of snmal-pox and vaccinia-the Cytoryctes variolae and vaccinae of Guiarnieri -belongs to a family of cell inclusions (Chlamydozoa) somewhat similar to those I have described.Therefore the suggestion seeis worth following up.
Transient impaired glucose tolerance in Pima Indians: is it important?
Authors: M. F. Saad, W. C. Knowler, D. J. Pettitt, R. G. Nelson, P. H. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1988)

As part of a continuing epidemiological study of non-insulin dependent diabetes among Pima Indians 154 subjects who had had a transient impairment of glucose tolerance were followed up for 1.2-16.9 (median 5.8) years after their glucose tolerance had returned to normal. Of these, 49 subsequently developed diabetes; 26 subsequently developed impaired glucose tolerance; and 79 had normal glucose tolerance at the last examination. The cumulative incidence of diabetes was 16% and 48% at five and 10 years of follow up respectively, compared with 3% and 8% for a control group of 1245 members of the same population. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and plasma glucose concentration two hours after glucose loading the incidence of diabetes among the subjects who had had transient impaired glucose tolerance was 3.0 times that among the controls (95% confidence interval 2.1 to 4.3). Proportional hazards function analysis indicated that obesity was the most important predictor of subsequent development of diabetes. The results suggest that transient impairment of glucose tolerance indicates, at least in some subjects, a predisposition to diabetes and should not be considered clinically unimportant.
Stratification of Morbidity and Mortality Outcome by Preoperative Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Bypass Patients
Authors: Thomas L. Higgins, Fawzy G. Estafanous, Floyd D. Loop, Gerald J. Beck, James M. Blum, Lata Paranandi
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To relate morbidity and mortality risk to preoperative severity of illness in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Retrospective analysis of 5051 patients using univariate and logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with perioperative morbidity and mortality. Prospective application of models to a subsequent 2-year validation cohort (n = 4069).Cleveland Clinic Foundation.All adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery between July 1, 1986, and June 30, 1988 (reference group), and July 1, 1988, and June 30, 1990 (validation group).Mortality and morbidity (myocardial infarction and use of intra-aortic balloon pump, mechanical ventilation for 3 or more days, neurological deficit, oliguric or anuric renal failure, or serious infection).Emergency procedure, preoperative serum creatinine levels of greater than 168 mumol/L, severe left ventricular dysfunction, preoperative hematocrit of 0.34, increasing age, chronic pulmonary disease, prior vascular surgery, reoperation, and mitral valve insufficiency were found to be predictive of mortality. In addition to these factors, diabetes mellitus, body weight of 65 kg or less [corrected], aortic stenosis, and cerebrovascular disease were predictive of morbidity. Logistic regression equations were developed, and a simple additive score for clinical use was designed by allocating each of these risk-factor values of 1 to 6 points. Both methods predict mortality. Increased morbidity was demonstrated with increases in score.The logistic or clinical models developed are superior to the currently available methods for comparing mortality outcome and provide previously unavailable information on morbidity based on preoperative status. The clinical scoring system is useful for preoperative estimates of morbidity and mortality risks.
Indications for the Surgical Treatment of Pectus Excavatum
Authors: Jerrold M. Becker
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Pectus excavatum rarely causes symptoms in infants or children. Respiratory and cardiac function tests are usually normal, despite the presence of the defect. The main indication for surgical repair in childhood is cosmetic. The "minor" corrective operation is generally ineffective. The "major" operation is time-consuming but safe and effective.
Fixed vs Variable Costs of Hospital Care
Authors: D. A. Propp
Journal: JAMA (1999)

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