tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction ofcMrp/cMoat gene expression by cisplatin, 2- acetylaminofluorene, or cycloheximide in rat hepatocytes
Authors: H Kauffmann, D Keppler, J Kartenbeck, D Schrenk
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The human multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP), a member of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter superfamily, is frequently overexpressed in tumor cells resistant to antineoplastic drugs. In the rat, two Mrp isoforms have been identified, Mrp and cMrp. cMrp, also called Mrp2 or cMoat (canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter), is expressed in the canalicular membrane of rat hepatocytes and mediates the excretion of glucuronate, sulfate, and glutathione conjugates into bile. We investigated the expression of cMrp and Mrp in rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Treatment with the chemical carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), the antineoplastic drug cisplatin, and the protein-synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide led to a dose-dependent and time-dependent increase in cmrp gene expression. A 347-base pair cmrp complementary DNA (cDNA) probe served to demonstrate the induction of cmrp messenger RNA (mRNA) with 40 μmol/L 2-AAF, 5 μmol/L cisplatin, or 5 μmol/L cycloheximide. An analogous response was obtained for the increase in cMrp protein. Mrp mRNA was below the detection limit in Northern blots of RNA from liver and hepatocyte cultures, in contrast to rat testis mRNA which served as a positive control. Immunofluorescence microscopy of cultured hepatocytes was used to visualize cMrp in the plasma membrane. Treatment with 2-AAF led to a marked increase in the immunofluorescence signal confirming the cMrp-inducing potency of 2-AAF. In conclusion, the inducing effect of the compounds studied may reflect a general inducibility of hepatic cMrp by a variety of cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and chemotherapeutic agents which is likely to be of relevance for the acquisition of multidrug resistance during chemotherapy and in the process of chemical carcinogenesis in the liver.
Therapy of Secondary Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia with Cytarabine
Authors: Harvey D. Preisler, Amy P. Early, Azra Raza, George Vlahides, Michelle J. Marinello, Alfred M. Stein, George Browman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

ACUTE nonlymphocytic leukemia is an increasingly common complication of therapy with alkylating agents or ionizing radiation. Incidences as high as 5 per cent have been reported in patents with Hodgkin's disease who were treated with combined-modality therapy.1 Secondary leukemias are becoming increasingly common in patients treated with alkylating agents for multiple myeloma,2 ovarian carcinoma, and carcinoma of the breast. Unlike patients with "primary" acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, those with the secondary form of the disease rarely respond to conventional regimens for inducing remission. Reported rates of remission induction are in the neighborhood of 10 per cent, with median survival periods of . . .
AN ANOMALOUS CASE OF WHITE-SPOT DISEASE
Authors: H. H. HAZEN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

An adult with a severe case of diphtheria in which the entire pharynx was blocked with membrane which extended over the uvula and tonsils, was given 33,000 units within forty-eight hours.Tincture of iodin was then used locally but without effect on the membrane within ten days.Thereon the lactic-acid bacillus spray was used three times within thirty hours, the membrane rapidly decreasing and practically disappearing within three days.Even with small vestiges of the membrane present on the tonsils reports of negative cultures were returned from the state laboratory.In order not to lose time in advancing preventive medicine, these few results and suggestions are offered, but without too much enthusiasm.It seems advisable for others to assist in working out the question of employ- ing the lactic-acid bacillus spray, not only for the clear- ing of diphtheria carriers and convalescent cases, but also in the treatment of the disease.When unexpectedly encountering a case of rural diphtheria, the physician, if without antitoxin or antiseptics, may perhaps lind some advantage in swabbing or douching the nose and throat with ordinary sour milk.
Controlling Disease Transmission in Injection Drug Users
Authors: Brigid Kane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Currents16 March 1999Controlling Disease Transmission in Injection Drug UsersBrigid KaneBrigid KaneSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00101 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Blood-borne viruses, such as HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV), are readily transmitted by sharing drug injection equipment. HIV remains viable and infectious for as long as 3 to 5 weeks in used syringes and other injection equipment containing HIV-positive blood (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999; 20:73-80). The hepatitis viruses are assumed to be at least as durable as HIV in used injection equipment, although experiments to establish this point have not been done. The potential for becoming infected from a single exposure to an HIV-contaminated needle or syringe is estimated to be ...Suggested Reading Alter MJ, Moyer LA. Alter MJ. The importance of preventing hepatitis C virus infection among injection drug users in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;18:S6-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Drucker E, Lurie P, Wodak A, et al. Drucker E. Measuring harm reduction: the effects of needle and syringe exchange programs and methadone maintenance on the ecology of HIV. AIDS. 1998;12:S217-30. MedlineGoogle Scholar Garfein RS, Vlahov D, Galai N, et al. Garfein RS. Viral infections in short-term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T-lymphotropic viruses. Am J Public Health. 1996;86:655-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Gostin LO, Lazzarini Z, Jones TS, et al. Gostin LO. Prevention of HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne diseases among injection drug users: a national survey on the regulation of syringes and needles. JAMA. 1997;277:53-62. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Strathdee SA, van Ameijden EJC, Mesquita F, et al. Strathdee SA. Can HIV epidemics among injection drug users be prevented? AIDS. 1998;12:S71-79. MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHIV Seropositivity Predicts Longer Duration of Stay and Rehospitalization Among Nonbacteremic Febrile Injection Drug Users With Skin and Soft Tissue InfectionsPharmacist Support for Selling Syringes Without a Prescription to Injection Drug Users in Rhode Island 16 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 6Page: 541-544KeywordsAIDSDrug addictionDrugsEpidemiologyHIVHealth careInfectious diseasesInjecting drug usersPathogensPrevention, policy, and public health Issue Published: 16 March 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Lung-Heart Ratio in Stress Thallium Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients With a History of a Previous Pneumonectomy
Authors: H. TURGUT TUROGLU, M. FATIH AKISIK, SLEIMAN NADDAF, WALID S. OMAR, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Increased Tl-201 lung-heart ratio after treadmill exercise or pharmacologic stress is an indicator of left ventricular dysfunction. After pneumonectomy, it is not reliable because of increased pulmonary circulation in the remaining lung. The authors present an example of normal stress TI-201 myocardial perfusion imaging with an increased lung-heart ratio of TI-201 uptake.
Health risk from job insecurity needs to be mitigated in these "VUCA times"
Authors: P. J. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Virtanen and colleagues’ meta-analysis provides high level evidence of a modest link between job insecurity and risk of ischaemic heart disease.1 The association between unemployment and raised morbidity and mortality is known, but few studies have examined measures of health in employees at risk of unemployment,2 some notable studies being reviewed in the meta-analysis.

When jobs were being off-shored from Britain …
Squalene in Human and Rat Blood Plasma*
Authors: DeWitt S. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

Squalene is a triterpenoid hydrocarbon that was first isolated from shark liver oil and was named by Tsujimoto in 1916 (1).More recently this compound has been found to be widely distributed in biological materials.Squalene has been identi- fied and studied in-plant oils and leaves (2, 3), in fungi (4), in tobacco and cigarette smoke (5), and in fish oils (6, 7).A small concentration of squalene with a rapid turnover has been identi- fied in rat liver (8).Larger concentrations have been found in human sebum-like materials, including sebum (9-12), ear wax (9, 11), hair fat (13), smegma (9), dermoid cyst fat (11, 14), and vernix caseosa (15).Squalene is now well established as the biosyn- thetic intermediate immediately preceding the for- mation of the sterol nucleus.During the course of sterol biosynthesis squalene undergoes direct cyclization to lanosterol, which is then converted to cholesterol (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Recent studies have also defined the reaction sequence between mevalonic acid and squalene (21-23) and have partly defined the unusual reaction mechanism involved in squalene biosynthesis from its immediate precur- sor, farnesyl pyrophosphate (24-26).The position of squalene in the biosynthetic pathway to cholesterol is indicated in Figure 1.In the present study, small concentrations of metabolically active squalene have been identified in human and rat blood plasma. MethodsForty microcuries of DL-2-C"-mevalonic acid, in solu- tion in isotonic saline, was injected intravenously into a fasting normal young adult man.Serial blood samples were collected in syringes moistened with a solution of *
Invariant NKT cells with chimeric antigen receptor provide a novel platform for safe and effective cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Andras Heczey, Daofeng Liu, Gengwen Tian, Amy N. Courtney, Jie Wei, Ekaterina Marinova, Xiuhua Gao, Linjie Guo, Eric Yvon, John Hicks, Hao Liu, Gianpietro Dotti, Leonid S. Metelitsa
Journal: Blood (2014)
Variant Angina Pectoris
Authors: MARK E. SILVERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Prinzmetal's variant angina pectoris, as originally described, was thought to be caused by a single clinically significant major coronary artery obstruction. The recent advent of saphenous vein coronary bypass techniques makes this presumption especially important, since the clinical syndrome may identify a surgically correctable lesion. Of three cases here reported, two had single major coronary artery obstructive lesions, supporting Prinzmetal's concept of the pathologic lesion in this condition. Experience with these patients and a review of the literature suggest that the prognosis in variant angina pectoris is grave. It is concluded that angiographic study should be done early when variant angina pectoris is diagnosed and that, on the basis of present knowledge, coronary artery bypass surgery should be considered if a lesion amenable to this approach is found. Until the pathophysiology of this syndrome is clarified, however, the associated risks and the results to be expected from surgical therapy are unknown.
Dramatic Example of Peritonitis Revealed by In-111–Labeled Leukocyte Scintigraphy
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, ROBBIE J. RAMPY, DAVID L. WARD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 60-year-old woman who was receiving continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease and immunosuppressive medications for Wegener’s granulomatosis was examined for ascites and diffuse abdominal pain with peritoneal signs. Analysis of her peritoneal fluid revealed acute peritonitis with subsequent growth of Escherichia coli. Her peritoneal catheter was also infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In-111–labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and computed tomography both revealed evidence of diffuse peritonitis.
Early fluvastatin treatment reduces the long-term incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events following successful first percutaneous coronary intervention with or without the use of stent: The lescolfi intervention prevention study
Authors: Francesco Saia, Angelo Branzi, G. Hendrickx, Harry Suryapranata, A. Cequier, Guiseppe Specchia, N. Delarche, Dick Goedhart, Pim de Feyter, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Diabetes as a Predictor of Change in Functional Status Among Older Mexican Americans
Authors: Jasmanda H. Wu, Mary N. Haan, Jersey Liang, Debashis Ghosh, Hector M. Gonzalez, William H. Herman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that older Mexican Americans are at high risk for type 2 diabetes and its complications. Type 2 diabetes leads to a more rapid decline in functional status among older Mexican Americans with diabetes. This study was designed to examine the impact of diabetes on change in self-reported functional status over a 2-year period among older Mexican Americans with diabetes.We performed a longitudinal analysis with repeated measurements of functional limitations in a cohort of Mexican Americans aged > or =60 years in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA). Diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of self-report of physician diagnosis, medication use, and fasting plasma glucose. Functional status was measured by assessment of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) at baseline and 1 and 2 years.Of 1,789 SALSA participants, 585 (33%) had diabetes at baseline. Diabetic subjects reported 74% more limitations than nondiabetic subjects in ADL (summary score for number of limitations, 0.99 vs. 0.57; P = 0.002) and 50% more limitations in IADL (summary score for number of limitations, 7.83 vs. 5.25; P < 0.0001). The annual rate of increase in limitations of ADL and IADL was 0.046 and 0.033 (log scale) on each scale among diabetic subjects compared with 0.013 and 0.003 (log scale) among nondiabetic subjects (P < 0.0005). Complications of diabetes were found to increase ADL and IADL limitations among diabetic subjects. Longer duration of diabetes was also associated with an increase in ADL and IADL limitations.There was lower baseline functional status and a more rapid decline in functional status among older Mexican Americans with diabetes versus those without diabetes.
LE CELLS IN BIOPSIES OF POSITIVE DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID SKIN TESTS
Authors: RICHARD O. ORES, EDWARD H. MANDEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article LE CELLS IN BIOPSIES OF POSITIVE DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID SKIN TESTS Get access RICHARD O. ORES, RICHARD O. ORES Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College—Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, USA Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr Ores, 1249 Fifth, Now York, N.Y. 10029, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar EDWARD H. MANDEL EDWARD H. MANDEL Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College—Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 3, 1 March 1971, Pages 217–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14210.x Published: 01 March 1971 Article history Accepted: 16 September 1970 Published: 01 March 1971
FOXO3 programs tumor-associated DCs to become tolerogenic in human and murine prostate cancer
Authors: Stephanie K. Watkins, Ziqiang Zhu, Elena Riboldi, Kim A. Shafer-Weaver, Katherine E.R. Stagliano, Martha M. Sklavos, Stefan Ambs, Hideo Yagita, Arthur A. Hurwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

The limited success of cancer immunotherapy is often attributed to the loss of antigen-specific T cell function in situ. However, the mechanism for this loss of function is unknown. In this study, we describe a population of tumor-associated DCs (TADCs) in both human and mouse prostate cancer that tolerizes and induces suppressive activity in tumor-specific T cells. In tumors from human prostate cancer patients and transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, TADCs expressed elevated levels of FOXO3 and Foxo3, respectively, which correlated with expression of suppressive genes that negatively regulate T cell function. Silencing FOXO3 and Foxo3 with siRNAs abrogated the ability of human and mouse TADCs, respectively, to tolerize and induce suppressive activity by T cells. Silencing Foxo3 in mouse TADCs was also associated with diminished expression of tolerogenic mediators, such as indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, arginase, and TGF-β, and upregulated expression of costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Importantly, transfer of tumor-specific CD4+ Th cells into TRAMP mice abrogated TADC tolerogenicity, which was associated with reduced Foxo3 expression. These findings demonstrate that FOXO3 may play a critical role in mediating TADC-induced immune suppression. Moreover, our results identify what we believe to be a novel target for preventing CTL tolerance and enhancing immune responses to cancer by modulating the immunosuppressive activity of TADCs found in the tumor microenvironment.
Abstract LB-243: Cetuximab and Artesunate synergistically inhibit the invasion and distant metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Suhail Ahmed Rasheed, Giridhar Mudduluru, Nitin Patil, Jörg Hendrik Leupold, Thomas Effert, Heike Allgayer
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer is a complex disease and multi step process evolving from malfunctions of molecules and their complex networks which regulate this process. The blockage of the cancer signalling network is crucial in the cancer treatment. In some cases, single drug therapy might not be comprehensive enough to inhibit the activity of secondary signals, feedback regulations and resistance to particular molecules, due to their abundant expression or activity. An understanding of these complex phenomena in cancer therapy for the benefit of patients is essential, especially since it bears the chance to establish novel concepts of combination drug therapy. In the present study, we have tried to find a compound combination to overcome resistance towards Cetuximab, which blocks ligand binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The anti-malarial drug Artesunate (ART) has been shown to have a profound cytotoxic action against cancer cell lines, and we recently showed its anti-metastatic action in NSCLC. Initial screening experiments in NSCLC cell lines showed that Cetuximab sensitivity is positively correlated with the E-cadherin expression, whereas ART sensitivity was negatively associated with EGFR expression. A549 (high E-cadherin and EGFR, sensitive to Cetuximab alone and not sensitive to ART alone) and H1299 (no E-cadherin and medium EGFR, resistant to Cetuximab alone and sensitive to ART alone) were chosen as model cell lines for this study. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays were performed either with Cetuximab/ART alone or with the combination of both. Interestingly, Cetuximab alone was not able to reduce cell proliferation and colony formation significantly in comparison to ART. In contrast to that combination of both of the drugs able to reduce these phenomena significantly even more than ART alone (p≤0.05). Combination isobologram analysis for ART and Cetuximab showed a significantly reduced proliferation rate in both the tested cell lines. In vivo, chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) metastasis assays revealed that combinatorial treatment of the cells with both drugs significantly reduced primary tumor growth of A549 (p=0.01) and H1299 (p=0.02) cells, in contrast to the treatment by Cetuximab alone. Our findings suggest that ART is resensitizing Cetuximab resistant NSCLC cells for treatment with this antibody. Currently, our study will be completed by experiments to identified major molecules and signalling cascades mediating compound interaction and re-sensitization. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-243. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-243
Amyloid β-protein deposition in skin of patients with dementia
Authors: Hilkka Soininen, Stina Syrjänen, Outi Heinonen, Heikki Neittaanmäki, Riitta Miettinen, Leo Paljärvi, Kari Syrjänen, Konrad Beyreuther, Paavo Riekkinen
Journal: The Lancet (1992)
Abstract 572: Suppression of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor blocks recruitment of endothelial cells by inhibiting irradiation-induced monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 in meningioma
Authors: Arun Kumar Nalla, Venkateswara Rao Gogineni, Reshu Gupta, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Chemokines, a common outcome of inflammatory reaction, play a vital role in recruiting various cell types during tissue repair. Radiation, a major therapeutic modality in cancer treatment, has been described to induce inflammatory response, which might lead to the expression of several chemokines. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced monocyte chemo-attractant protein (MCP-1) in meningioma cell lines and the paracrine effect on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC). Upon radiation, meningioma cell lines (IOMM Lee and SF 3061) showed an increased expression of MCP-1. In addition, irradiated meningioma cancer cell culture conditioned medium (CM) demonstrated an increased ability to attract HMEC and stimulated MCP1-induced protein (MCPIP), VEGF and angiogenin expression in HMEC as compared to HMEC grown in non-irradiated cancer cell CM. This chemotactic activity and angiogenic stimulator effect in HMEC was nearly abrogated by depleting MCP-1 from the irradiated cancer cell CM using a neutralizing anti-MCP-1 monoclonal antibody. Inhibition of ERK activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation hindered irradiation-induced MCP-1 expression in both meningioma cell lines. Considering that radiation induces uPA/uPAR expression and stimulates the ERK signaling pathway, we correlated the role of irradiation-induced uPA/uPAR in MCP-1 regulation. Supplementing cancer cells with exogenous ATF-uPA (with and without radiation) activated ERK phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 sub-unit (Rel-A), and MCP-1 expression. Downregulation of uPA and uPAR by transfecting the cancer cells with a siRNA-expressing plasmid (pU) inhibited irradiation-induced ERK activation, nuclear translocation of Rel-A, NF-κB DNA binding activity, and MCP-1 expression. Further, pU-transfected cancer cells (with or with radiation) reduced the potential to attract and stimulate angiogenic signaling in HMEC under in vitro conditions. Under in vivo conditions, we observed that pU transfected cancer cells (with and without irradiation) showed a significant reduction in number of CD31+ endothelial cells and CD14+ monocytes present in the tumor regions compared to tumor formed from irradiated cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that blockade of uPA/uPAR expression inhibits irradiation-induced MCP-1, thereby inhibiting the chemo-attractant ability of cancer cells to recruit other cells during the inflammatory process induced by radiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 572. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-572