tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
838 ALTERED EXPRESSION OF GLUCOSE AND LIPID REGULATORY GENES IN LIVER TISSUE RELATED TO THE SEVERITY OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN A LARGE PATIENT COHORT
Authors: S. Francque, A. Verrijken, S. Caron, I. Mertens, J. Prawitt, E. Van Marck, P. Pelckmans, P. Michielsen, B. Staels, L. Van Gaal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Effect of autolymphocyte therapy on survival and quality of life in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma
Authors: M.E Osband, S Ross, P.T Lavin, R.J Krane, R.K Babayan, S Graham, D.L Lamm, I Sawczuk, B Parker
Journal: The Lancet (1990)

To assess the value of autolymphocyte therapy (ALT) in the treatment of metastatic renal-cell carcinoma, 90 patients were randomised to receive every month for six months oral cimetidine plus an infusion of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes activated in vitro by a previously generated autologous lymphokine mixture, or cimetidine alone. The median follow-up was 15 months. Survival time for the autolymphocyte group was approximately 2.5 times that for the cimetidine group (p = 0.008). Patients who had greater than 500 pg interleukin-1 (IL-1) per ml autologous lymphokine mixture had a six-fold survival advantage over those with less than 500 pg/ml (p less than 0.00005). Men treated with ALT had a four-fold survival advantage (p = 0.001) over men who received cimetidine only. Infusion of the cultured autolymphocytes was accompanied by mild, self-limited fever in 11 of the 45 ALT patients, and by only one instance in which fever was accompanied by tachypnoea and hypotension.
Glucosylated caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from the flower buds of Lonicera japonica
Authors: Yang Yu, Zhibo Jiang, Weixia Song, Yongchun Yang, Yuhuan Li, Jiandong Jiang, Jiangong Shi
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

Three new glucosylated caffeoylquinic acid isomers (1-3), along with six known compounds, have been isolated from an aqueous extract of the flower buds of Lonicera japonica. Structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods as (-)-4-O-(4-O-β-d-glucopyranosylcaffeoyl)quinic acid (1), (-)-3-O-(4-O-β-d-glucopyranosylcaffeoyl)quinic acid (2), and (-)-5-O-(4-O-β-d-glucopyranosylcaffeoyl)quinic acid (3), respectively. In the preliminary in vitro assays, two known compounds methyl caffeate and 2'-O-methyladenosine showed inhibitory activity against Coxsackie virus B3 with IC50 values of 3.70 μmol/L and 6.41 μmol/L and SI values of 7.8 and 12.1, respectively.
Large cell change (liver cell dysplasia) and hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Matched case-control study, pathological analysis, and pathogenetic hypothesis
Authors: R G Lee, A C Tsamandas, A J Demetris
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Large cell change (LCC), characterized by cellular enlargement, nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia, and multinucleation of hepatocytes, is a common lesion in cirrhotic livers, but its nature, significance, and pathogenesis remain uncertain. Therefore, we assessed the prognostic value of LCC as a marker of subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a case-control study that compared pretransplant liver biopsy specimens from 37 cirrhotic liver transplant recipients with HCC to specimens from a control group of recipients without HCC, matched for sex, age (±5 years), and cause of cirrhosis. LCC was identified in 16 (43%) of the study and 7 (19%) of the control group biopsy specimens. By matched-pair analysis, LCC conveyed a moderately increased risk of later HCC with an estimated odds ratio of 3.3 (95% CI, 1.2-15; P = .038). However, a pathology review of 45 HCCs showed adjoining LCC in only 12 (27%) and did not suggest a morphological transition or a histogenetic association between the two lesions. LCC hepatocytes displayed a low proliferative rate by Ki-67 or proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining (labeling indices of 0.27 and 0.73) but showed a greater degree of apoptosis than normal hepatocytes (labeling indices of 1.9 and 0.23; P = .03) To reconcile these findings, we propose that LCC derives from derangements in the hepatocyte's normal process of polyploidization. Such derangements, possibly caused by chronic inflammation-induced DNA damage, could yield a population of enlarged liver cells with nuclear atypia and pleomorphism, frequent binuclearity, and minimal proliferation. According to this hypothesis, LCC would be a habitual feature of cirrhosis and a regular accompaniment of HCC but would not represent a direct malignant precursor.
The miRNA-17∼92 cluster mediates chemoresistance and enhances tumor growth in mantle cell lymphoma via PI3K/AKT pathway activation
Authors: E Rao, C Jiang, M Ji, X Huang, J Iqbal, G Lenz, G Wright, L M Staudt, Y Zhao, T W McKeithan, W C Chan, K Fu
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Coronary heart disease stenting in small vessels versus balloon angloplasty study (CHIVAS): a randomized prospective multicenter trial
Authors: Toshiya Muramatsu, Kohichiro Iwasaki, Naoto Inoue, Yuhki Horita, Takahiro Tanaka, Naoya Fujita, Haruo Kamiya, Masanobu Namura, Kojiro Awano, Mikitaka Murakami, Yukio Ozaki, Alexandra Lansky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Milatuzumab immunoliposomes induce cell death in CLL by promoting accumulation of CD74 on the surface of B cells
Authors: Erin Hertlein, Georgia Triantafillou, Ellen J. Sass, Joshua D. Hessler, Xiaoli Zhang, David Jarjoura, David M. Lucas, Natarajan Muthusamy, David M. Goldenberg, Robert J. Lee, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2010)
Choice of Antihypertensive Therapy During Pregnancy
Authors: Holly L. Casele
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their article, Drs Kaplan and Gifford<sup>1</sup>make the point that certain antihypertensive drugs have unique advantages for certain patients and that rigid adherence to the recommendations of the fifth report of the Joint National Committee for the Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC V) might not optimally serve the interests of all patients. It is our view that additional considerations should be given to women of childbearing age. The possibility of future conception and the safety of specific antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy should be discussed with all women of childbearing age. Because many women do not plan their pregnancies, patients with hypertension may conceive while taking medication that could adversely affect the fetus. It is not uncommon for uninformed patients to abruptly discontinue their antihypertensive medication(s) when pregnancy is discovered because of their concerns about the fetus. Because these patients may thus
Exposure to Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) via Dust Ingestion, but Not Diet, Correlates with Concentrations in Human Serum: Preliminary Results
Authors: Laurence Roosens, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah, Stuart Harrad, Hugo Neels, Adrian Covaci
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a high-production-volume chemical used as flame retardant in polystyrene insulation and textiles. Because it is not chemically bound to the polymer, HBCD can migrate into the environment, contaminating indoor dust and foodstuff.We examined for the first time the relationship between combined exposure to three HBCD isomers (SigmaHBCDs) via ingestion of food (duplicate diets) and indoor dust and HBCD concentrations in serum for 16 Belgian adults (20-25 years of age). We also determined the chiral signatures of HBCDs to advance understanding of source-to-human enantioselective degradation and/or metabolism.Concentrations and chiral signatures of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-HBCD in duplicate diets, dust, and serum were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.Dietary intakes of SigmaHBCDs were 1.2-20 ng/day (average, 7.2 ng/day), whereas those estimated under average (20 mg dust/day) and high (50 mg dust/day) dust ingestion scenarios were 1.1-15 ng/day (average intake, 3.2 ng/day) and 2.8-38 ng/day (average intake, 8.0 ng/day), respectively. Concentrations of SigmaHBCDs measured in blood serum were < 0.5 to 11 ng/g lipid weight (lw) (average, 2.9 ng/g lw). Gamma-HBCD dominated in food, whereas alpha-HBCD dominated in dust and was the sole isomer in serum. Although exposure via dust ingestion correlated significantly (p < 0.01) with concentrations in serum, no such correlation was evident with dietary exposure (p > 0.1). Although no enantioselective enrichment was detected in either dust or diet, substantial enrichment of (-)alpha-HBCD was observed in serum.Serum concentrations of HBCDs were correlated with the exposure via dust, but not via dietary ingestion. The enrichment of the (-)alpha-HBCD enantiomer in humans appears to be due to in vivo enantioselective metabolism/excretion rather than ingestion of dust or diet.
The Goddess of Wisdom
Authors: Gabriel F. Greco
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> From the beginning of history, woman's destiny centered around her role of motherhood. Her success as a wife lies in childbearing and childcare. Her Godgiven rewards are happiness and fulfillment. Negation of these roles creates severe anxiety reactions, emotional imbalance, and frustration. Her personality dissolves into the abyss of depression and conflict. Life becomes a hell, with no motivation and no future. With the fear of overpopulation and famine, science has created oral contraceptive control and has methodically proceeded to annihilate femininity. The massive holocaust is yet to come, ushering in the flames of guilt, anxieties, the destructive turmoil of self-chosen barrenness. Yet there is no leader who dares to raise his voice above the herd of 20th-century conformists and cast out the transgressors. Aren't there any other rebel individuals in this country, where the temples of Minerva still stand, who proclaim the return to common sense,
A Patient with Acromegaly Presenting with Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia on Bone Scan: McCune-Albright Syndrome
Authors: Holger Brockmann, Alexius Joe, Holger Palmedo, Hans-Juergen Biersack
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

We report a 43-year-old male with acromegaly who underwent pituitary adenomectomy in 1989. Recently, the patient presented with pain in the right hip. X-ray examination showed multiple cystic lesions in the right pelvis and femur. We present the consecutively performed Tc-99m HDP bone scan that shows features of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. The coincidence of acromegaly with fibrous dysplasia established the diagnosis of an uncommon manifestation of the McCune-Albright Syndrome. This is typically characterized by fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait macules and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies.
Primary Care: Where Medicine Fails
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Offsetting the pejorative and emotionally provocative title, this report of a Sun Valley Forum on National Health symposium presents much for the physician to digest and ponder. The first of four papers explicitly declares that primary care is not only medical but also psychosocial, economic, educational, cultural, and political. After an elaborate and relatively cogent argument, Dr. Alberta W. Parker concludes that consumer "needs and WANTS" (emphasis added) should be given first consideration in health care planning. In addition, she concludes that the whole of any health care system fails if primary care is neglected. The second paper, by Dr. Charles E. Lewis, presents a pessimistic view as to the likelihood of improving access to primary care by altering the methods of educating physicians, by increasing allied medical personnel, or by intensive consumer education. His somber implication is only too clear. In the third paper, Dr. Stanley S. Bergen, Jr.,
P559 CONTINENTAL DIFFERENCES AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: EUROPE VS. NORTH AMERICA
Authors: M. Ventura, M.B. Badshah, M. Harris, N. Merchante, T.-Y. Chen, N. Qazi, E. Vispo, H. Tossonian, H. Klinker, K. Marks, E. Page, B. Conway, L. Taylor, J. Rockstroh, M.K. Jain, M. Nelson, P. Barreiro, J.A. Pineda, M. Sherman, B. Mínguez, N. Bräu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Chronic baroreflex activation effects on sympathetic nerve traffic, baroreflex function, and cardiac haemodynamics in heart failure: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Edoardo Gronda, Gino Seravalle, Gianmaria Brambilla, Giuseppe Costantino, Andrea Casini, Ali Alsheraei, Eric G. Lovett, Giuseppe Mancia, Guido Grassi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)

Aims Heart failure ( HF ) pathophysiology is believed to be mediated by autonomic dysfunction, including chronic sympathoexcitation and diminished baroreflex sensitivity, which correlate with mortality risk. Baroreflex activation therapy ( BAT ) is a device‐based treatment providing chronic baroreflex activation through electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus. BAT chronically reduces sympathetic activity in resistant hypertension. The purpose of this investigation is to determine BAT effects in clinical HF . Methods and results In a single‐centre, open‐label evaluation, patients with NYHA class III HF , EF &lt;40%, optimized medical therapy, and ineligible for cardiac resynchronization received BAT for 6 months. Efficacy was assessed with serial measurement of muscle sympathetic nerve activity ( MSNA ) and clinical measures of quality of life and functional capacity. Eleven patients participated in the trial. MSNA was reduced over 6 months from 45.1 ± 7.7 to 31.3 ± 8.3 bursts/min and from 67.6 ± 12.7 to 45.1 ± 11.6 bursts/100 heartbeats, decreases of 31% and 33%, respectively ( P &lt; 0.01). Concomitant improvements occurred in baroreflex sensitivity, EF , NYHA class, quality of life and 6 min hall walk ( 6MHW ) distance ( P ≤ 0.05 each). On an observational basis, hospitalization and emergency department visits for worsening HF were markedly reduced. One complication, perioperative anaemia requiring transfusion, occurred during the study. Conclusion BAT was safe and provided chronic improvement in MSNA and clinical variables. Based on present understanding of HF pathophysiology, these results suggest that BAT may improve outcome in HF by modulating autonomic balance. Prospective, randomized trials to test the hypothesis are warranted.
Postoperative Hemorrhagic Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis
Authors: Andre J Witkin, Anjali R Shah, Robert E Engstrom, Michelle M Kron-Gray, Caroline R Baumal, Mark W Johnson, Deborah I Witkin, John Leung, Thomas A Albini, Andrew A Moshfeghi, Ivan R Batlle, Lucia Sobrin, Dean Eliott
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter Is a Strong Anthropometric Marker of Insulin Resistance and Hyperproinsulinemia in Obese Men
Authors: Ulf Risérus, Johan Ärnlöv, Kerstin Brismar, Björn Zethelius, Lars Berglund, Bengt Vessby
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—It is clinically important to find noninvasive markers of insulin resistance and hyperproinsulinemia because they both predict cardiovascular and diabetes risk. Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) or “supine abdominal height” is a simple anthropometric measure previously shown to predict mortality in men, but its association with insulin resistance and hyperproinsulinemia is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In a common high-risk group of 59 moderately obese men (aged 35–65 years, BMI 32.6 ± 2.3 kg/m2), we determined anthropometry (SAD, BMI, waist girth, and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]); insulin sensitivity (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp); and plasma concentrations of intact proinsulin, specific insulin, C-peptide, glucose, and serum IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1). To compare SAD with other anthropometric measures, univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine correlations between anthropometric and metabolic variables. RESULTS—SAD showed stronger correlations to all measured metabolic variables, including insulin sensitivity, than BMI, waist girth, and WHR. SAD explained the largest degree of variation in insulin sensitivity (R2 = 0.38, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) compared with other anthropometric measures. In multiple regression analyses, including all anthropometric measures, SAD was the only independent anthropometric predictor of insulin resistance (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and hyperproinsulinemia (P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS—In obese men, SAD seems to be a better correlate of insulin resistance and hyperproinsulinemia (i.e., cardiovascular risk) than other anthropometric measures. In overweight and obese individuals, SAD could represent a simple, cheap, and noninvasive tool that could identify the most insulin resistant in both the clinic and clinical trials evaluating insulin sensitizers. These results need confirmation in larger studies that also include women and lean subjects.
Cost-effectiveness of the Transdermal Nicotine Patch as an Adjunct to Physicians' Smoking Cessation Counseling
Authors: Kevin Fiscella
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To determine the incremental cost-effectiveness of the transdermal nicotine patch.Decision analytic model that evaluated the incremental cost-effectiveness of the addition of the nicotine patch to smoking cessation counseling. Costs were based on physician time and the retail cost of the nicotine patch, and benefits were based on quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) saved.Male and female smokers aged 25 to 69 years receiving primary care.Addition of the nicotine patch to physician-based smoking cessation counseling.Costs (1995 dollars) per QALYs save discounted by 3% annually.The use of the patch produced 1 additional lifetime quitter at a cost of $7332. The incremental cost-effectiveness of the nicotine patch by age group ranged from $4390 to $10 943 per QALY for men and $4955 to $6983 per QALY for women. A clinical strategy involving limiting prescription renewals to patients successfully abstaining for the first 2 weeks improved the cost-effectiveness of the patch by 25%.The findings provide support both for the routine use of the nicotine patch as an adjunct to physicians' smoking cessation counseling and for health insurance coverage of nicotine patch therapy.
Gastric Ulceration
Authors: John F. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Allegedly, ulceration of the gastric mucosa by sucking nasogastric tubes is prevented by the double-lumen design. However, multiple gastric ulcers have been seen at autopsy in four patients treated with the double-lumen nasogastric tube. The spatial distribution and uniform size of the ulcers accurately reproduced the arrangement and size of the sucking ports on the tube. Double-lumen nasogastric tubes on suction should therefore be used with as much caution as single-lumen tubes.
Autonomic dysfunction in patients with mild heart failure and coronary artery disease and the effects of add‐on β‐blockade
Authors: Geert Tjeerdsma, Balázs M. Szabó, Leen M. van Wijk, Jan Brouwer, René A. Tio, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2001)
Bilirubin rinse: A simple protectant against the rat liver graft injury mimicking heme oxygenase-1 preconditioning
Authors: Yutaro Kato, Motohide Shimazu, Mieko Kondo, Koji Uchida, Yusuke Kumamoto, Go Wakabayashi, Masaki Kitajima, Makoto Suematsu
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 preconditioning through genetic or pharmacologic interventions was shown experimentally to improve posttransplant outcome of liver grafts. However, its clinical application requires careful consideration because of the complexity and economic costs of the procedures. This study aimed to examine if graft preconditioning with HO-1 could be substituted by a simple treatment with heme-degrading products such as bilirubin. Rats were pretreated with or without hemin, an HO-1 inducer for preconditioning. Their livers were harvested as grafts in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for 16 hours at 4 degrees C and followed by reperfusion ex vivo or by transplantation in vivo. The control grafts were also treated with a rinse buffer containing varied concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin with different time intervals. The HO-1-preconditioned grafts ex vivo exhibited a marked improvement of bile output and cell injury that was cancelled by blocking HO with zinc protoporphyrin-IX. The aggravation of the graft viability by the inhibitor was repressed by supplementation of bilirubin but not by that of carbon monoxide. Furthermore, a short-term rinse treatment with micromolar levels of bilirubin attenuated biliary dysfunction and cell injury of the grafts both ex vivo and in vivo even without HO-1 preconditioning. The protective effects of HO-1 preconditioning or bilirubin rinse appeared to involve its inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes. In conclusion, these results suggest that bilirubin rinse serves as a simple strategy to ameliorate hyperacute oxidative stress and hepatobiliary dysfunction of the transplanted grafts, mimicking effects of HO-1-mediated preconditioning.
MAPHY and the Two Arms of HAPPHY-Reply
Authors: Gunnar Olsson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  We agree with Dr Holme that the figures on total mortality in the two arms of the HAPPHY trial should be published and refer to the letter that follows by members of the HAPPHY trial's Steering Committee.  Dr Holme's second point refers to the effectiveness of treatment in relation to follow-up time in the MAPHY Study and the best method for its evaluation. Ethically, it is important in all trials to choose a statistical method with adequate sensitivity for detecting a clinically important difference between treatment alternatives in effectiveness. Before performing the main analysis, it is necessary, therefore, to discuss the pros and cons of different conventional tests. It is evident that the possibility of detecting a difference in treatment effect, if one exists, will be decreased by crossovers and dropouts. Experience from earlier long-term clinical drug trials has shown that increasing follow-up time will increase the impact
Downregulation of Endocardial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression and Nitric Oxide Production in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hua Cai, Zongming Li, Andreas Goette, Fernando Mera, Clegg Honeycutt, Kristian Feterik, Josiah N. Wilcox, Samuel C. Dudley, David G. Harrison, Jonathan J. Langberg
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— In the arterial endothelium, laminar flow and cyclical stretch induce expression of NO synthase (NOS). We hypothesized that atrial fibrillation (AF) causes a downregulation of atrial endocardial NOS expression and NO · production. Because NO · has antithrombotic properties, this may contribute to thromboembolism in AF. Methods and Results— In pigs, AF was produced with rapid atrial pacing at 600 bpm for 1 week, whereas controls had atrial pacing at 100 bpm. All animals had catheter ablation of the AV junction and ventricular pacing at 100 bpm. NO · production from freshly isolated tissue was measured by a NO · -specific microelectrode. Left atrial basal and stimulated NO · production was decreased in AF by 73% and 71% ( P &lt;0.01). Endocardial NOS expression, determined by Western analysis, was also significantly decreased by 46%. Expression of the prothombotic protein plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is known to be regulated by NO · and was increased in the left atrium by 1.8-fold in AF ( P &lt;0.05). NO · concentration was decreased in the left atrial appendage, although NOS expression was not affected. Neither NOS concentration, NO · levels, nor PAI-1 expression were altered in the aortas or right atria of animals with AF. Conclusions— AF is associated with a marked decrease in endocardial NOS expression and NO · bioavailability and an increase in PAI-1 expression in the left atrium. These data suggest that organized atrial contraction is needed to maintain normal endocardial expression of NOS. It is likely that loss of this antithrombotic enzyme contributes to the thromboembolic phenomena commonly observed in AF.