tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FGF signalling in the cardiac fields
Authors: D FRANCO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

See article by Marguerie et al.  [6]  (pages 50–60) in this issue. 

The formation of the heart is a highly dynamic and rather complex process that involves distinct cell types at different developmental stages. For many years, the formation of the muscle layer of the developing heart was considered to be a continuous but single event that leads to the formation of a four-chambered heart from a single, cardiac straight tube. At present, we acknowledge that the formation of the heart is a continuous process, but yet the deployment of the myocardial component is genetically controlled by at least two distinct regulatory mechanisms involving thus two distinct promyocardial subpopulations. The infolding of the cardiac crescents (i.e. first cardiac field) leads to the formation of a straight tube, and subsequently new myocardium is added at both poles, arterial and venous, of the heart (i.e. second heart field). Kelly et al. [1] and Waldo et al. [2] have recently provided compelling evidence that the second heart field originates from a medial mesodermal region and contributes to the right ventricle and outflow tract of the heart in mouse and chick, respectively. More recently, Cai et al. [3] have demonstrated that the contribution of this second heart field also provides promyocardial cell precursors to the developing atrial structures (Fig. 1). In line with these observations, retrospective … 

* Tel.: +34 953 212763; fax: +34 953 211875. Email address: dfranco{at}ujaen.es
AFFECT OF MICROGRAVITY ON CARDIAC SHAPE: COMPARISON OF PRE- AND IN-FLIGHT DATA TO MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Authors: Chris May, Allen Borowski, David Martin, Zoran Popovic, Kazuaki Negishi, Jagir R. Hussan, Patrick Gladding, Peter Hunter, Ilana Iskovitz, Mohammed Kassemi, Michael Bungo, Benjamin Levine, James Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Relations of left ventricular hypertrophy to markers of systemic inflammation and microangiopathy in adults with type II diabetes: the strong heart study
Authors: Vittorio Palmien, Russell P. Tracy, Mary J. Roman, Lyle Best, Aldo Celentano, Giovanni de Simone, David C. Robbins, Richard B. Fabsitz, Barbara V. Howard, Richard B. Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Identification of Griseofulvin as an Inhibitor of Centrosomal Clustering in a Phenotype-Based Screen
Authors: Blanka Rebacz, Thomas O. Larsen, Mads H. Clausen, Mads H. Rønnest, Harald Löffler, Anthony D. Ho, Alwin Krämer
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract A major drawback of cancer chemotherapy is the lack of tumor-specific targets which would allow for the selective eradication of malignant cells without affecting healthy tissues. In contrast with normal cells, most tumor cells contain multiple centrosomes, associated with the formation of multipolar mitotic spindles and chromosome segregation defects. Many tumor cells regain mitotic stability after clonal selection by the coalescence of multiple centrosomes into two functional spindle poles. To overcome the limitations of current cancer treatments, we have developed a cell-based screening strategy to identify small molecules that inhibit centrosomal clustering and thus force tumor cells with supernumerary centrosomes to undergo multipolar mitoses, and subsequently, apoptosis. Using a chemotaxonomic selection of fungi from a large culture collection, a relatively small but diverse natural product extract library was generated. Screening of this compound library led to the identification of griseofulvin, which induced multipolar spindles by inhibition of centrosome coalescence, mitotic arrest, and subsequent cell death in tumor cell lines but not in diploid fibroblasts and keratinocytes with a normal centrosome content. The inhibition of centrosome clustering by griseofulvin was not restricted to mitotic cells but did occur during interphase as well. Whereas the formation of multipolar spindles was dynein-independent, depolymerization of interphase microtubules seemed to be mechanistically involved in centrosomal declustering. In summary, by taking advantage of the tumor-specific phenotype of centrosomal clustering, we have developed a screening strategy that might lead to the identification of drugs which selectively target tumor cells and spare healthy tissues. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6342–50]
Department of Health's misguided alert recommending neuraminidase inhibitors for flu
Authors: P. McGettigan, A. Pollock, A. Herxheimer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

On 27 January 2014, the Department of Health’s chief medical and pharmaceutical officers, Sally Davies and Keith Ridge, wrote a “for action” alert to NHS England leads, GPs, and community pharmacies endorsing the use of the antiviral drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir for prophylaxis and treatment of flu.1 2 The alert authorises GPs to prescribe the drugs at NHS expense for …
Physicians' Reactions to Patients
Authors: Richard Gorlin, Howard D. Zucker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Something has gone wrong in the practice of medicine, and we all know it. It is ironic that in this era, dominated by technical prowess and rapid biomedical advances, patient and physician each feels increasingly rejected by the other. Clearly, one root of the problem lies in the patient–doctor relationship. High technology tends to dehumanize care, and third-party regulations, paperwork, and malpractice threats distract the doctor. Nevertheless, the responsibility for dissatisfaction with modern medical care lies not only with the patient and the system but also with the physician.1 We shall discuss below how some of the typical difficulties that . . .
From the Office of the General Counsel. Denying treatment to the noncompliant patient
Authors: D. Orentlicher
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Association of Complete Heart Block and Adams-Stokes Syndrome in Two Cases of Mobitz Type of Block
Authors: JEROME G. KAUFMAN, FRED W. WACHTEL, EDWIN ROTHFIELD, ARTHUR BERNSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Two cases exhibiting the Mobitz-type of second-degree atrioventricular heart block are reported. This rhythm may be unstable, and progression to complete heart block and Adams-Stokes seizures has been observed.
Triple Inhibition of EGFR, Met, and VEGF Suppresses Regrowth of HGF-Triggered, Erlotinib-Resistant Lung Cancer Harboring an EGFR Mutation
Authors: Junya Nakade, Shinji Takeuchi, Takayuki Nakagawa, Daisuke Ishikawa, Takako Sano, Shigeki Nanjo, Tadaaki Yamada, Hiromichi Ebi, Lu Zhao, Kazuo Yasumoto, Kunio Matsumoto, Kazuhiko Yonekura, Seiji Yano
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Met activation by gene amplification and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), imparts resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. We recently reported that Met activation by HGF stimulates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and facilitates angiogenesis, which indicates that HGF induces EGFR-TKI resistance and angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine the effect of triple inhibition of EGFR, Met, and angiogenesis on HGF-triggered EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer.Three clinically approved drugs, erlotinib (an EGFR inhibitor), crizotinib (an inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and Met), and bevacizumab (anti-VEGF antibody), and TAS-115, a novel dual TKI for Met and VEGF receptor 2, were used in this study. EGFR-mutant lung cancer cell lines PC-9, HCC827, and HGF-gene-transfected PC-9 (PC-9/HGF) cells were examined.Crizotinib and TAS-115 inhibited Met phosphorylation and reversed erlotinib resistance and VEGF production triggered by HGF in PC-9 and HCC827 cells in vitro. Bevacizumab and TAS-115 inhibited angiogenesis in PC-9/HGF tumors in vivo. Moreover, the triplet erlotinib, crizotinib, and bevacizumab, or the doublet erlotinib and TAS-115 successfully inhibited PC-9/HGF tumor growth and delayed tumor regrowth associated with sustained tumor vasculature inhibition even after cessation of the treatment.These results suggest that triple inhibition of EGFR, HGF/Met, and VEGF/VEGF receptor 2, by either a triplet of clinical drugs or TAS-115 combined with erlotinib, may be useful for controlling progression of EGFR-mutant lung cancer by reversing EGFR-TKI resistance and for inhibiting angiogenesis.
Exercise Training and the Cardiovascular Consequences of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension
Authors: Kerry J. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (2002)

The coexistence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension is especially damaging to cardiovascular health. Most trials of exercise training for these conditions have focused on glycemic control and blood pressure reduction. Less is known about the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular consequences of diabetes and hypertension. This article reviews the available evidence and plausible mechanisms by which exercise training may improve the cardiovascular health of persons with type 2 diabetes and hypertension and provides practical guidelines for exercise prescription. A MEDLINE search was performed for January 1985 to June 2002. Bibliographies from relevant articles, professional society clinical practice guidelines, and books were also reviewed. Because few large, randomized trials exist on these topics, meta-analyses, smaller trials, nonrandomized trials, and animal studies were also considered. Data quality was determined by publication in peer-reviewed journals or professional society literature. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension result in abnormalities in central and peripheral parameters of cardiovascular structure and function. Evidence for an exercise training benefit is strongest for improvements in endothelial vasodilator function and left ventricular diastolic function. The data for exercise training's improvement of arterial stiffness and system inflammation and reduction of left ventricular mass are less robust. However, this assertion is based more on a lack of randomized controlled trials rather than data to the contrary. Exercise training also reduces total and abdominal fat. These changes in body composition mediate improvements in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure and may improve endothelial vasodilator function. The current evidence, albeit not fully confirmed in randomized trials, suggests that the benefits of exercise training go beyond the recognized benefits of glycemic control and blood pressure reduction.
Alteration of human DNA repair enzymes hMTH1, hOGG1 and hMYH mRNA expression with respect to 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine DNA adduct levels in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bin Cheng, Christoph Juengst, Hans-Dieter Nischalke, Peter Schirmacher, Tilman Sauerbruch, Wolfgang H. Caselmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Alcohol-induced congestive cardiomyopathy: an animal model
Authors: G. R NOREN, N. A STALEY, S. EINZIG, F. L MIKELL, R. W ASINGER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

In an effort to determine the effect of ethanol ingestion on myocardial function in the domestic turkey, a group of Nicholas birds were fed 5% ethanol (25% of calories) for the first 56 days of life and compared with control turkeys. At 28 and 56 days, noninvasive determination of the percentage change in left ventricular diameter, left ventricular systolic time interval, systemic blood pressure, and heart rate were done in each group. In addition, Ca2+ transport of the isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and Na+, K+-stimulated ATPase activity of isolated cardiac sarcolemma were determined in control and alcohol fed birds at 28 and 56 days. Combined ventricular weight·body weight−1 was also determined at each age in both groups. At both 28 and 56 days the percentage change in left ventricular diameter for the alcohol fed turkeys was reduced to 65% of the control value (P<0.01). In addition, the left ventricular systolic time interval of the alcohol birds was increased at both 28 days, 0.51 ±0.06 (P<0.05), and 56 days, 0.62±0.06 (P<0.01), compared with the controls, 0.46±0.02, and 0.51±0.04. Combined ventricular weight·body weight−1 was also increased by 25% in the alcohol turkeys when compared with controls at both 28 and 56 days (P<0.01) while heart rate and systemic arterial blood pressure were not different between the two groups at 28 and 56 days (P>0.10). Ca2+ transport studies of the isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum revealed depressed Ca2+ uptake to 76% of the control values at both ages (P<0.01) and Ca2+ binding to 70 and 75% of control values at 28 and 56 days (P<0.01). Ca2+-stimulated ATPase of the isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum was not different between the two groups at either 28 or 56 days (P>0.10). Na+, K+-stimulated ATPase levels of the isolated cardiac sarcolemma was also similar in each group of turkeys at 28 days. However, at 56 days, Na+, K+-stimulated ATPase was reduced to 50% of the value obtained in the control birds (P<0.01). The findings of this study document that the domestic Nicholas turkey develops congestive cardiomyopathy secondary to the ingestion of a moderate quantity of ethanol over a short period of time. The physiological, morphological, and biochemical data are comparative to that found in man with alcoholic cardiomyopathy and suggests that this animal model may be useful in the study of the spectrum of this cardiac disease.
Effect of a Transplanted Plasma-Cell Tumor on Antibody Formation
Authors: Falconer Smith, Marie M. Grenan, John Owens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Circulating antibody content after a single injection of sheep erythrocytes was observed in C3H/Lw mice bearing the plasma-cell tumor X5563. Hemolysin titers were within control limits for all mice tested whose tumors represented less than 5 percent of their body weight when they were killed. Among some mice, with tumors that weighed from about 5 to 30 percent of body weight, serum antibody content was lower with increased tumor weight, while in other mice bearing comparable tumors no serum hemolysin was detected even with a sensitive colorimetric procedure. The possibility of an increased rate of disappearance of autologous antibody was suggested by the sharp drop in serum hemolysin content at 5 to 7 days after antigen injection compared to that in controls, and from the observation in other experiments that passively transferred homologous antibody disappeared at a faster rate in tumor-bearing mice than in their controls. In addition, average blood volume in the tumor-bearing mice of one experiment was over 30 percent greater than in control mice of equal size and age. Hypervolemia would represent a dilution of the antibody if the primary response was equal and maximal in both tumor-bearing mice and their controls. Hemolysin titers were near control values in mice singly immunized after X-ray-induced regression of their plasma-cell tumors. A substantial secondary immune response was recorded in all mice tested with more than one injection of sheep erythrocytes or soluble antigens. These results suggest that the observed lowered antibody titers in the tumors-bearing mice after primary immunization may have been partly attributable to a reduction in the number of antibody-producing cells participating in the primary response.
Driving under the Influence
Authors: Arthur J. McBay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

TWO bills that would have made existing laws dealing with the chemical testing of the drinking driver more stringent have been defeated by the 1964 Massachusetts legislature.Under present Massachusetts law (Ch. 90, sec. 24) the breath may be tested to determine the amount of alcohol in the blood of the driver. The defeated bills (H. 1125, 1319) would have made the taking of the Breathalyzer test required (under threat of loss of license) for a driver whom a police officer reasonably suspected to be operating a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol. Also, one of the bills (H. . . .
Malaria Treatment in the United States—Reply
Authors: Monica E. Parise, Kevin Griffith, Sonja Mali, Linda Lewis
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychosocial Interventions for Anxiety and Depression in Adult Cancer Patients: Achievements and Challenges
Authors: P. B. Jacobsen, H. S. Jim
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2008)

Psychosocial care is increasingly recognized as an essential component of the comprehensive care of the individual with cancer. Improving patients' access to psychosocial care is important; however, ensuring that the care made available has been shown to be effective is just as important. Accordingly, the goal of this review is to describe an evidence-based approach to the psychosocial care of adults with cancer. The focus is on anxiety and depression because a considerable body of research has examined the impact of psychosocial interventions on these outcomes. After describing the sources, assessment, and prevalence of anxiety and depression in adults with cancer and presenting existing clinical practice guidelines for their management, previous publications that systematically reviewed evidence of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions are summarized. The use of these publications to derive specific recommendations for the use of psychosocial interventions in the management of anxiety and depression is then illustrated. In addition, examples are provided of interventions that are effective against anxiety and depression and have good potential for dissemination in routine clinical practice. The review concludes with a discussion of future directions for the continued development of an evidence-based approach to the psychosocial care of people with cancer.
Efficacy, Potential and Hazards of Vaccines
Authors: Samuel L. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

RAPIDLY accumulating knowledge, as yet incomplete and only partially understood, of the varied effects on host cells and tissues of infectious agents renders increasingly difficult a dispassionate and judicious evaluation of the benefits and risks inherent in any vaccine. Great strides have been made in the development and application of technics ensuring consistent and reliable production of large quantities of such antigens, both live and killed, that satisfy existing standards for safety and efficacy. Unfortunately, but understandably, these advances in methodology have been achieved more rapidly than the acquisition of information pertinent to those effects, other than immunologic, of such . . .
Bone Loss and Reduced Osteoblast Function in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: STEPHEN F. HODGSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

The association of bone loss with primary biliary cirrhosis is poorly understood. In 15 premenopausal female patients, only 2 of whom had fractures, mean bone mineral density was reduced at the lumbar spine but not at the midradius or distal radius. Bone loss was not statistically related to the duration or severity of liver disease. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion, an index for bone resorption, was not different from that of 15 age-matched normal women, but the serum concentration of bone Gla-protein (osteocalcin), a specific marker for bone turnover, was decreased (p < 0.001). Bone histomorphometric examination in 13 patients showed no osteomalacia but a reduced bone formation rate despite normal values for fractional osteoblast-osteoid interface. The substantial early loss of trabecular bone is mediated by a severe reduction in osteoblast function, which may be caused by retained toxic substances associated with cholestasis.
β1 Integrin Is Not Essential for Hematopoiesis but Is Necessary for the T Cell-Dependent IgM Antibody Response
Authors: Cord Brakebusch, Simon Fillatreau, Alexandre J Potocnik, Gerd Bungartz, Patricia Wilhelm, Marcus Svensson, Phil Kearney, Heinrich Körner, David Gray, Reinhard Fässler
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Acidosis in Renal Disease
Authors: William B. Schwartz, Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

MISUSE of the terms "acid" and "base" is largely to blame for much of the confusion in the literature about the pathogenesis of renal acidosis. Attempts to explain the reduction in plasma bicarbonate concentration, using an archaic terminology in which sodium and potassium are called "bases" and chloride and other inorganic anions such as sulfate and phosphate are called "acids," inevitably lead to many incongruities of fact and theory. On the other hand, if it is clearly understood at the outset that acidosis can develop only from loss of alkali or gain of acid, and if it is further understood . . .
Diseases of Muscle
Authors: Madelaine R. Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

PERIODIC paralysis and Thomsen's disease (myotonia congenita) have been placed under a new division of muscle disease, "Disorders of Excitability and Contractility."1 In the 1951 Medical Progress report on primary diseases of muscle, periodic paralysis was not included.2 The report of the third Progressive Muscular Dystrophy Conference is now in print.3 There were four scientific symposiums, the first under the chairmanship of Wallace O. Fenn, Ph.D., being entitled "Recent Advances in Basic Muscle Chemistry, Physiology and Pharmacology," the second, under the chairmanship of Ralph W. Gerard, Ph.D., M.D., D.Sc., being entitled "Recent Advances in Knowledge of Metabolic Alterations in Muscular . . .