tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lactation from Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer
Authors: GREGORY R. FAVIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1979Lactation from Tamoxifen in Breast CancerGREGORY R. FAVIS, M.D., JANE B. ALAVI, M.D., JOHN H. GLICK, M.D.GREGORY R. FAVIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JANE B. ALAVI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN H. GLICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-6-993_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Tamoxifen, a new antiestrogen, is considerably active in breast cancer (1). The use of this drug in premenopausal women with breast cancer has been limited and poorly documented; however, the timely communication by Pritchard and associates in the November 1978 issue (2) has further shown that tamoxifen can be beneficial in this group. Undoubtedly, more premenopausal women will be exposed to this drug, and previously unrecognized effects may be observed. We report a new possible side-effect of tamoxifen: lactation in a premenopausal woman.A 31-year-old premenopausal woman who had had four pregnancies and given birth four times...References1. LEGHADAVISMUGGIA SHF: Hormonal therapy of breast cancer: new approaches and concepts. Ann Intern Med 88:69-77, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. PRITCHARDMEAKINMYERSSUTHERLANDMOBBS KJRDB: Tamoxifen and metastatic breast cancer (letter). Ann Intern Med 89:721-722, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar3. NEWTONDIXAN JP: Site of action of clomiphene and its use as a test of pituitary function. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 78:812-921, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ZUCKERMANCARMEL HS: The inhibition of lactation by clomiphene. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 80:822-823, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SHAABAN M: Lactation suppression with tamoxifen. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 4:167-169, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGalactorrhea in the adolescent 1 June 1979Volume 90, Issue 6Page: 993-994KeywordsBirthBreast cancerDrugsLactationPregnancy Issue Published: 1 June 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Curcumin reverses T cell-mediated adaptive immune dysfunctions in tumor-bearing hosts
Authors: Sankar Bhattacharyya, Dewan Md Sakib Hossain, Suchismita Mohanty, Gouri Sankar Sen, Sreya Chattopadhyay, Shuvomoy Banerjee, Juni Chakraborty, Kaushik Das, Diptendra Sarkar, Tanya Das, Gaurisankar Sa
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2010)
DEVELOPMENT IN TISSUE CULTURES OF THE INTRACELLULAR CHANGES CHARACTERISTIC OF VACCINAL AND HERPETIC INFECTIONS
Authors: T. M. Rivers, E. Haagen, R. S. Muckenfuss
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

Characteristic vaccinal and herpetic lesions, including Guarnieri bodies and acidophilic nuclear inclusions respectively, regularly occur in rabbit corneas infected and cultivated in vitro according to the method here described.
Rise in US teen pregnancies and births is "deeply troubling"
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

After a decade of decline, rates of pregnancy, birth, and abortion among US women aged 15 to 19 years rose in 2006, the most recent year for which data are available.

The figures are given in a report from the independent Guttmacher Institute in New York, which used data from the US National Center for Health Statistics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Census Bureau, and its own data on abortions.

The institute attributed the rise in pregnancies, births, and abortions to the “abstinence only” sex education policy promoted by the administration of George …
Abstract LB-194: Restoration of miR-31 function in already-established metastases elicits an anti-metastatic therapeutic response <i>in vivo.</i>
Authors: Scott Valastyan, Amelia Chang, Nathan Benaich, Ferenc Reinhardt, Robert A. Weinberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Discussion Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-194.
Atlas of Black Dermatology
Authors: Harold R. Minus
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The authors have presented some excellent clinical photographs depicting dermatologic diseases in black patients. Rosen and Martin have illustrated a wide spectrum of disease, as well as normal clinical variations peculiar to blacks. The photographs will enable the practicing physician and others for whom this book is intended to recognize some of the varying clinical features of skin diseases as they appear in black patients. I would like to qualify my forthcoming comments by mentioning that fine general bibliographical resources are listed. As I view the text, I am compelled to take issue with certain statements (or lack of them). Perhaps the content has fallen victim to the brevity of an "atlas" format. In this instance, however, the lack of comprehensive data detracts from meaningful documentation of racial differences. The authors' choice of title for the second section of the book was confusing to me and might well be for
P281 Smoking Prevalence And Stop Smoking Interventions For Patients Admitted To An Emergency Department (ed) In A Busy, Inner City Hospital
Authors: R. Thomas, F. Warden, M. Stern
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> ED admissions are ‘teachable moments’ to offer cessation advice to smokers. In this study, smoking prevalence and stop smoking interventions were investigated in patients admitted to ED in a busy inner London hospital. The views of ED doctors on the value/appropriateness of offering smoking cessation advice in ED were canvassed with the aim of defining barriers to implementation of ‘right care’ for sick smokers. <h3>Methods</h3> Proforma questionnaires guided interviews of ED patients and doctors. Patient demographics, smoking history (pack years, quit attempts, motivation to quit, smoking cessation advice/referral in ED) were documented. Doctors were asked about their views on ascertaining smoking status, offering brief advice and referral to quit smoking services to smokers in ED. All patients and staff were given an information sheet explaining the purpose of the questionnaires. <h3>Results</h3> 101 patients were interviewed. 24/101(23%) were current smokers (3/24 12.5% also smoked cannabis), 39/101(39%) were ex-smokers and 38/101(37%) were lifelong non-smokers. Table 1 demonstrates that smokers were younger than ex- and never-smokers, never-smokers were predominantly female and 17/24 (71%) smokers had had multiple attempts to give up. In comparison, 36/39 (92%) ex-smokers gave up on their first attempt, with 33/39(85%) quitting without assistance. 13/24(54%) smokers expressed a desire to quit yet only 4(17%) were asked/given advice about smoking by a doctor. 14 doctors (6 FYs, 4 CMT/SPRs, 4 consultants, 8/14 had had Stop Smoking training) were questioned. 14/14 agreed that smoking cessation was important; 8/14(57%) felt that ED was not an appropriate place to offer advice. <h3>Conclusion</h3> 1/4 of patients attending A+E are smokers. Over 1/2 are motivated to quit but are not offered smoking-cessation advice during admission. Despite ED staff regarding Stop Smoking as valuable treatment, there is a perception that ED is an inappropriate setting to broach the issue of quitting. Smokers tended to be younger and had multiple unsuccessful attempts to quit compared to older ex-smokers who mainly quit on the first attempt. Offering support to quit during the first attempt is the most effective way to achieve permanent cessation. ED attendance should therefore be prioritised for targeted stop smoking interventions.
Intravenous Anaesthesia with Pentothal Sodium
Authors: B. Solomons
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Of 77 urological cases occurring in men of a British division in India and admitted to a British general hospital during Jan. to Dec., 1943, 43 (55%) had oxaluria.Oxaluria was also present in five cases of renal and ureteric calculus reviewed in this series, and in two cases of hydronephrosis.Of the cases of oxaluria 30 occurred in the period April-Sept., 1943.Eight cases of epididymitis considered to be due to oxaluria were investigated.My thanks are due to Major J.
Altered Expression of Genes Involved in GABAergic Transmission and Neuromodulation of Granule Cell Activity in the Cerebellum of Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: W. Michael Bullock, Karen Cardon, Juan Bustillo, Rosalinda C. Roberts, Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)

Objective: Deficits in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling have been described in the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, and cerebellum in individuals with schizophrenia. The purpose of the present study was to further investigate cerebellar gene expression alterations as they relate to decreases in GABAergic transmission by examining the expression of GABAergic markers, N -methyl- d -aspartic-acid (NMDA) receptor subunits, and cerebellum neuromodulators in individuals with schizophrenia. Method: Subjects were postmortem men with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (N=13) and a postmortem interval-matched non-psychiatric male comparison group (N=13). The authors utilized real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to measure mRNA levels of the following GABAergic markers: glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 and 67; GABA plasma membrane transporter-1 (GAT-1); GABA type A (GABA A ) receptor subunits α 6 , β 3 , and δ; and parvalbumin. In addition, real-time-quantitative PCR was utilized to assess mRNA levels of the NMDA receptor (NR) subunits NR1, NR2-A, NR2-B, NR2-C, and NR2-D as well as the cerebellar neuromodulators glutamate receptor (GluR)-6, kainate-preferring glutamate receptor subunit-2 (KA2), metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-2 and mGluR3, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Measurements for mRNA levels were determined using lateral cerebellar hemisphere tissue from both schizophrenia and comparison subjects. Results: Schizophrenia subjects showed significant decreases in mRNA levels of GAD 67 , GAD 65 , GAT-1, mGluR2, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Increases in GABA A -α 6 and GABA A -δ as well as GluR6 and KA2 were also observed. Medication effects on the expression of the same genes were examined in rats treated with either haloperidol (Sprague-Dawley rats [N=16]) or clozapine (Long-Evans rats [N=20]). Both haloperidol and clozapine increased the levels of GAD 67 in the cerebellum and altered the expression of other cerebellar mRNAs. Conclusions: These findings suggest that GABA transmission is decreased in the cerebellar cortices in individuals with schizophrenia and additional gene expression changes may reflect an attempt to increase GABA neurotransmission at the cerebellar glomerulus.
EVOLUTION OF THE MAMMALIAN STRAIGHT GUT.WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PERITONEAL CHANGES INCIDENT TO ROTATION.
Authors: W. T. ECKLEY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

As is generally conceded, the adult peritoneum of man, while a macroscopic structure of liberal proportions, is, nevertheless, complex beyond the ken of the ordinary student, without embryologic study. To such an extent have certain organs as spleen, liver, stomach, pancreas and colon migrated from their primitive location in the posterior mid-line of the body cavity, and contracted such intimate and deceptive physiologic adhesions, that even embryologic speculation as to the<i>rationale</i>of their migration was slow of general acceptance by the profession. If, now, to these numerous physiologic departures there be superadded pathologic departures incident to inflammatory processes, some conception of the difficulty confronting the student in his dissecting-room study may be imagined. Within recent years our standard text-books on anatomy were monumental in their respective chapters on the peritoneum, to the most nagrant violation of perspicuity. ere is no longer doubt that in the study of the abdomial
Role of Caregivers and Geriatricians in Dementia
Authors: Mahesh Krishnamurthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters3 July 2007Role of Caregivers and Geriatricians in DementiaMahesh Krishnamurthy, MDMahesh Krishnamurthy, MDFrom Easton Hospital, Easton, PA 18042.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-1-200707030-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:It is paradoxical that Covinsky's editorial (1) on better approaches for dementia care is sandwiched between 2 articles on career decisions of internal medicine residents during training (2, 3). Although the latter articles focused on general internal medicine, I noted the percentage of medicine residents who were interested in geriatrics: Fewer than 1% of residents envisioned geriatrics as a career path when they started residency training. As an academic geriatrician, I am perturbed by this appalling figure. It clearly reflects our society's attitude to our elderly patients, especially those who need considerable love, attention, care, and time. ...References1. Covinsky KE, Johnston CB. Envisioning better approaches for dementia care [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:780-1. [PMID: 17116923] LinkGoogle Scholar2. West CP, Popkave C, Schultz HJ, Weinberger SE, Kolars JC. Changes in career decisions of internal medicine residents during training. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:774-9. [PMID: 17116922] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Sox HC. Career changes in medicine: part II [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:782-3. [PMID: 17116924] LinkGoogle Scholar4. Arno PS, Levine C, Memmott MM. The economic value of informal caregiving. Health Aff (Millwood). 1999;18:182-8. [PMID: 10091447] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mahesh Krishnamurthy, MDAffiliations: From Easton Hospital, Easton, PA 18042.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEnvisioning Better Approaches for Dementia Care Kenneth E. Covinsky and C. Bree Johnston Changes in Career Decisions of Internal Medicine Residents during Training Colin P. West , Carol Popkave , Henry J. Schultz , Steven E. Weinberger , and Joseph C. Kolars Career Changes in Medicine: Part II Harold C. Sox Teaching Health Centers and the Primary Care Workforce Crisis for the Underserved Mahesh Krishnamurthy Metrics Cited byTeaching Health Centers and the Primary Care Workforce Crisis for the UnderservedMahesh Krishnamurthy, MD 3 July 2007Volume 147, Issue 1Page: 70KeywordsCaregiversDementiaElderlyGeriatricsImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorsMorbidityMortalityNursing homesPatientsResidency ePublished: 3 July 2007 Issue Published: 3 July 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Within fluid cognition: Fluid processing and fluid storage?
Authors: Nelson Cowan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Blair describes fluid cognition as highly related to working memory and executive processes, and dependent on the integrity of frontal-lobe functioning. However, the literature review appears to neglect potential contributions to fluid cognition of the focus of attention as an important information-storage device, and the role of posterior brain regions in that kind of storage. Relevant cognitive and imaging studies are discussed.
Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Childhood and Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Adulthood
Authors: Tomi T. Laitinen, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Mervi Oikonen, Leena Taittonen, Vera Mikkilä, Eero Jokinen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Tomi Laitinen, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Markus Juonala
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— The American Heart Association (AHA) defined a new concept, cardiovascular health, and determined metrics needed to monitor it over time as part of its 2020 Impact Goal definition. Ideal cardiovascular health is defined by the presence of both ideal health behaviors and ideal health factors. The applicability of this concept to a cohort of children and its relationship with cardiometabolic outcomes in adulthood has not been reported. Methods and Results— The sample comprised 856 participants aged 12 to 18 years (mean age 15.0 years) from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study cohort. Participants were followed up for 21 years since baseline (1986) and had data available concerning health factors and behaviors in childhood and cardiometabolic outcomes in adulthood (2007). The number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics present in childhood was associated with reduced risk of hypertension (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.66 [0.52–0.85], P &lt;0.001), metabolic syndrome (0.66 [0.52–0.77], P &lt;0.001), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.66 [0.52–0.85], P =0.001), and high-risk carotid artery intima-media thickness (0.75 [0.60–0.94], P =0.01) in adulthood. All analyses were age and sex adjusted, and the results were not altered after additional adjustment with socioeconomic status. Conclusions— The number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics present in childhood predicts subsequent cardiometabolic health in adulthood. Our findings suggest that pursuit of ideal cardiovascular health in childhood is important to prevent cardiometabolic outcomes in adulthood.
Absence of Association Between Infectious Agents and Endothelial Function in Healthy Young Men
Authors: Paul Khairy, Stéphane Rinfret, Jean-Claude Tardif, Richard Marchand, Stan Shapiro, James Brophy, Jocelyn Dupuis
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Although several studies have reported correlations between infections and coronary artery disease, associations with endothelial dysfunction, its precursor, have not been established. This study assessed whether infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), or Helicobacter pylori (HP) is associated with decreased endothelial function. Methods and Results— Sixty-five male subjects, aged 20 to 45 years, with no risk factors or known coronary artery disease were enrolled in a seroepidemiological cross-sectional study. Endothelial function was determined by flow-mediated brachial vasodilation. Serum antibodies consisting of anti-CP IgG and IgM, anti-CMV IgG, anti-EBV nuclear antigen, and anti-HP IgG and markers of inflammation including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured. Average age was 29.3±5.5 years. Seroprevalence values were 65.1%, 34.9%, 88.9%, and 14.3% for CP, CMV, EBV, and HP, respectively. Average values for endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were 9.4±4.5% and 12.6±5.0%. Despite adequate statistical power (82% for the primary end point), no association between endothelial function and seropositivity to individual infectious agents, infectious burden, or C-reactive protein was observed in regression analyses controlling for variables including age, blood pressure, and lipid parameters. Moreover, no dose-response trends between serum titers and endothelial function were found. Conclusions— Lack of association between chronic infection with CP, CMV, EBV, HP, or pathogen burden and endothelial function was observed, suggesting that these agents are not implicated as early etiologic triggers in the genesis of coronary artery disease. These results do not preclude active involvement at later stages of the pathophysiological process, such as acceleration of existing atherosclerosis and acute plaque rupture.
Drug Therapy for Advanced-Stage Liver Cancer
Authors: Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Liver Cancer (2014)

Liver cancer was traditionally treated by surgery or interventional ablative treatments, or, if these options were not feasible, by best supportive care. Since 2008, systemic therapy with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib has become available worldwide and has become the standard of care for unresectable/non-ablatable or advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib is able to improve the median overall survival by approximately 3 months. Despite this significant advance in the non-surgical/non-interventional management of liver cancer, this improvement in overall survival is only a first step toward more potent, more targeted, and better tolerated oral antitumor treatments. Since the introduction of sorafenib into clinical practice, several attempts have been made to develop even more effective first-line treatments as well as an effective second-line treatment for HCC. None of these endeavors has been successful so far. The development of drug treatments for HCC has been particularly hampered by the unfortunate push to establish the diagnosis of liver cancer by non-invasive imaging alone, without requiring a liver biopsy for histologic confirmation: this precluded the very necessary search for informative biomarkers and the search for molecular targets for drug development in HCC. This important drawback is being increasingly recognized and corrected. Despite several obstacles remaining to be overcome, it seems reasonable to assume that using a rational, data-driven approach, we will be able to develop better drug treatments for liver cancer in the coming years.
Clinical and Hemodynamic Studies of Tricuspid Stenosis
Authors: PAUL N. YU, DWIGHT E. HARKEN, FRANK W. LOVEJOY, ROBERT E. NYE, EARLE B. MAHONEY
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Five patients with tricuspid stenosis accompanying mitral stenosis were studied. The characteristic features include a diastolic rumbling murmur in the tricuspid area, accentuated by inspiration, prominent "a" wave in the jugular pulse, prominent P wave in the electrocardiogram, absence of physical or electrocardiographic signs of right ventricular hypertrophy, and disproportionate right atrial enlargement by fluoroscopy. The diagnosis may be confirmed by the presence of a significant diastolic pressure gradient across the tricuspid valve. Mitral valvuloplasty alone produces no improvement. The concept of "functional tricuspid stenosis" is introduced and a one-stage operative technic for both mitral and triscuspid valvuloplasty described.
Mutation in myosin heavy chain 6 causes atrial septal defect
Authors: Yung-Hao Ching, Tushar K Ghosh, Steve J Cross, Elizabeth A Packham, Louise Honeyman, Siobhan Loughna, Thelma E Robinson, Andrew M Dearlove, Gloria Ribas, Andrew J Bonser, Neil R Thomas, Andrew J Scotter, Leo S D Caves, Graham P Tyrrell, Ruth A Newbury-Ecob, Arnold Munnich, Damien Bonnet, J David Brook
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Was the composite outcome specified in the original protocol?
Authors: J. Schroll, A. Lundh
Journal: BMJ (2012)

It is unclear whether Schierbeck and colleagues’ primary composite outcome was defined in the original protocol.1 In other words, is their analysis exploratory or confirmatory? The main question is whether the results should lead to changes in clinical practice. Schierbeck has advocated for the safety of hormone therapy,2, but we believe that the study results …
Cigarette makers challenge ban on displaying tobacco products
Authors: J. Carlowe
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Retailers and tobacco giants have stepped up their campaign to see off legislation that will make it illegal for shops to display tobacco products.

Imperial Tobacco Group PLC fired the first salvo this week when it sought a judicial review to fight the legislation which under the Health Act 2009 will force large retailers to stop displaying tobacco products from October 2011, and will extend to small retailers by 2013. The company, makers of JPS, Davidoff and Fortuna …