tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Track‐Etched Magnetic Micropores for Immunomagnetic Isolation of Pathogens
Authors: Melaku Muluneh, Wu Shang, David Issadore
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

A microfluidic chip is developed to selectively isolate magnetically tagged cells from heterogeneous suspensions, the track‐etched magnetic micropore (TEMPO) filter. The TEMPO consists of an ion track‐etched polycarbonate membrane coated with soft magnetic film (Ni 20 Fe 80 ). In the presence of an applied field, provided by a small external magnet, the filter becomes magnetized and strong magnetic traps are created along the edges of the micro­pores. In contrast to conventional microfluidics, fluid flows vertically through the porous membrane allowing large flow rates while keeping the capture rate high and the chip compact. By utilizing track‐etching instead of conventional semiconductor fabrication, TEMPOs can be fabricated with microscale pores over large areas A &gt; 1 cm 2 at little cost (&lt; 5 C| cm − 2 ). To demonstrate the utility of this platform, a TEMPO with 5 μm pore size is used to selectively and rapidly isolate immunomagnetically targeted Escherichia coli from heterogeneous suspensions, demonstrating enrichment of ζ &gt; 500 at a flow rate of Φ = 5 mL h −1 . Furthermore, the large density of micropores ( ρ = 10 6 cm –2 ) allows the TEMPO to sort E. coli from unprocessed environmental and clinical samples, as the blockage of a few pores does not significantly change the behavior of the device.
Continued Cigarette Smoking by Patients Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Is Associated With Decreased Survival
Authors: Gregory M.M. Videtic, Larry W. Stitt, A. Rashid Dar, Walter I. Kocha, Anna T. Tomiak, Pauline T. Truong, Mark D. Vincent, Edward W. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To determine the impact of continued smoking by patients receiving chemotherapy (CHT) and radiotherapy (RT) for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LSCLC) on toxicity and survival.A retrospective review was carried out on 215 patients with LSCLC treated between 1989 and 1999. Treatment consisted of six cycles of alternating cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and etoposide, cisplatin (EP). Thoracic RT was concurrent with EP (cycle 2 or 3) only. Patients were known smokers, with their smoking status recorded at the start of chemoradiotherapy (CHT/RT). RT interruption during concurrent CHT/RT was used as the marker for treatment toxicity.Of 215 patients, smoking status was recorded for 186 patients (86.5%), with 79 (42%) continuing to smoke and 107 (58%) abstaining during CHT/RT. RT interruptions were recorded in 38 patients (20.5%), with a median duration of 5 days (range, 1 to 18 days). Median survival for former smokers was greater than for continuing smokers (18 v 13.6 months), with 5-year actuarial overall survival of 8.9% versus 4%, respectively (log-rank P =.0017). Proportion of noncancer deaths was comparable between the two cohorts. Continuing smokers did not have a greater incidence of toxicity-related treatment breaks (P =.49), but those who continued to smoke and also experienced a treatment break had the poorest overall survival (median, 13.4 months; log-rank P =.0014).LSCLC patients who continue to smoke during CHT/RT have poorer survival rates than those who do not. Smoking did not have an impact on the rate of treatment interruptions attributed to toxicity.
Furosemide-induced thiamine deficiency
Authors: Y. YUI, Y. ITOKAWA, C. KAWAI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

Male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups: group 1, thiamine sufficient diet (control); group 2, thiamine sufficient diet with intraperitoneal administration of furosemide (20 mg·kg−1 of body weight); group 3, thiamine deficient diet; group 4, thiamine deficient diet within traperitoneal administration of furosemide. After 4 weeks, the rats were killed and the thiamine levels and activity of transketolase were assayed. Thiamine concentration and transketolase activity were significantly decreased and thiamine pyrophosphate effect was significantly increased in the blood, and various tissues in group 2 and 4 compared with group 1 and 3, respectively. The intraperitoneal administration of various concentrations of furosemide (20 mg, 10 mg, and 2 mg·kg−1 of body weight) resulted in a significant increase in urinary thiamine excretion. Thus, it is assumed that long-term administration of furosemide could induce a thiamine deficiency.
Neurophysiology, neuropsychiatry and neurophilosophy of catatonia
Authors: Georg Northoff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The excellent and highly interesting commentaries address the following concerns: (1) neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of catatonia; (2) cognitive-motor deficits in catatonia; (3) conceptual issues; (4) general methodology in neuropsychiatric research; and (5) neurophilosophical implications. The specific problems, issues, and aspects raised by the different commentators are grouped under these categories in Table R1 presented below. These five areas of concern are then discussed in the order listed in the five sections of the Response.
HEMOCHROMATOSIS IN A WOMAN
Authors: H. F. Wechsler
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Hemochromatosis is not an uncommon disease. Its occurrence in women, however, is a rarity. My purpose in the present communication is to place on record another of these exceptional cases. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.—</h3> M. L., a white woman, aged 47, an American housewife, first seen, June 7, 1930, complained of polydipsia and loss of weight. In May, 1929, a trace of sugar had been discovered in the urine which, in spite of a restricted carbohydrate intake, had rapidly mounted. In July she entered a hospital in Portland, Maine, where she was finally rendered sugar free on a weighed diet of 150 Gm. of carbohydrate, 60 Gm. of protein, 90 Gm. of fat and 4 units of insulin at bedtime. Since that time, although she adhered strictly to her diet, sugar had appeared irregularly in the urine and she had lost 7 pounds (3.2 Kg.). Polydipsia had been present for
Methadone and Theories of Addiction
Authors: Peter Coleman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Dr Dole 1 proposes that opiate addiction is related to a persistent derangement of the endogenous ligand-receptor complex system. This theory seems to have some merit but if we conclude, as Dr Dole does, that the defect is best compensated  by methadone we must ignore a lot of conflicting data. The facts show that even when taking methadone, a large percentage of addicts continue to abuse illegal drugs and alcohol; now that cocaine is as prevalent as it is, the situation seems to be getting worse. 2 In fact, most of the people who do well in methadone maintenance programs have the same demographic variables as people who do well in drug-free treatment programs. 3   Fortunately, there is an effective form of treatment for many opiate addicts that seems to allow the receptor complex to normalize. It consists of a program of abstinence from all mood
Epithelial cutaneous lesions induced in Dunkin-Hartley albino guinea-pigs by means of 7,12-dimethyl-benzanthracene
Authors: S. GOMEZ, V. VICENTE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Epithelial cutaneous lesions induced in Dunkin‐Hartley albino guinea‐pigs by means of 7,12‐dimethyl‐benzanthracene Get access S. GÓMEZ, S. GÓMEZ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain Dr Salvador Gómez, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. VICENTE V. VICENTE Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 6, 1 December 1988, Pages 743–750, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03497.x Published: 01 December 1988
Restrictions of T cell receptor beta chain repertoire in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: M R Holbrook, P J Tighe, R J Powell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether oligoclonal T cell populations occur in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: RNA was extracted from the lymphocytes isolated from whole peripheral blood of five female patients fulfilling ARA criteria for SLE and two healthy female controls, and synthesised into cDNA. CDR3 length spectratyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) run to saturation followed by a primer extension with a radioactively labelled primer. The resulting samples, one for each of the 23 V beta families, were then run on a polyacrylamide sequencing gel to examine the T cell receptor beta chain repertoire at the level of VDJ length heterogeneity. RESULTS: The two healthy female controls showed faint oligoclonal bands in only two and three V beta families respectively. Three of the patients showed a similar degree of oligoclonality to the controls, while the other two, who had active disease as shown by SLAM scores of 17 and 19 and in one case low C4 and raised C3dg levels, showed marked oligoclonality of their T cell beta chain repertoire affecting more than 17 of the 23 V beta families analysed. CONCLUSIONS: Using the technique of CDR3 length spectratyping, restriction of T cell receptor beta chain usage by peripheral blood T cells in patients with SLE has been demonstrated for the first time.
THE EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION OF INFLUENZA, NEPHRITIS, AND ENCEPHALITIS: BY INOCULATING SUBCULTURES OF THE ISOLATED VIRUS
Authors: E. F. Bashford
Journal: BMJ (1919)

THIS inivestigation is described in (letail in papers appearing in the Quarterly Joirnal of MAedicive for April.It was an inquiry into the 'etioloaical significance of an organism isolated by Captaini J. A. Wilson fromi the blood, pleural eo,usion
THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM RESULTING FROM RENAL TUMORS
Authors: E. STARR JUDD
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Thrombosis and obstruction of the inferior vena cava may result from infection, trauma or neoplastic extension from regional organs. Pleasants,<sup>1</sup>and Jacobson and Goodpasture<sup>2</sup>have presented excellent reviews of the subject, with complete analyses of the literature. The following case is an unusual example of a fatal embolus arising from adenocarcinoma of the kidney following nephrectomy. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE OF THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM</h3><h3>History.</h3> —J. J. G., a man, aged 29, came to the clinic, July 20, 1923, complaining of pain in the right loin and back, of six months' duration. At the onset the pain was mild and fairly constant, but it became more severe if the patient stooped forward. Three months before examination he had had several severe attacks of colic in the area of the right kidney; the pain radiated to the genitalia. The appendix was removed without relief. One month before, he had
Scientists meet to agree framework for European biobank
Authors: Ned Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2008)

After more than three years of planning and study, the European Biobank was officially launched in February at a meeting in Cambridge. Its almost 100 funded participants outlined a strategy to have the legal framework and infrastructure in place by the middle of 2010.

Kurt Zatloukal, who is coordinating the preparations for what is officially called the European Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure, said that the European Union has allocated €5m (£3.8m; $7.4m) over the next 27 months for setting up the framework.

In an interview with the BMJ Dr Zatloukal, of the Institute of Pathology at the Medical University of Graz, Austria, said, “By 2011, I think a prototype …
A woman with rapidly progressive weakness and sensory loss
Authors: N. J. Attreed, S. A. Shields
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A 61 year old woman presented to the accident and emergency department with progressive weakness of the lower limbs and a feeling of her legs being “frozen” over the preceding four days. Ten days earlier, she had contracted a flu-like illness and was diagnosed and treated with oseltamivir (Tamiflu) for presumed swine flu. She was later found to be influenza A/H1N1 seropositive on the reference laboratory haemagglutination assay. Her medical history included cervical spondylosis for which she had decompressive laminectomy (C4-7) in 1992 and a Cloward’s discectomy with bone graft and fusion of C5-7 in 1996. On examination she had a score of 15 on the Glasgow coma scale and was afebrile, with normal pulse and blood pressure. She had an ataxic gait and could not walk unaided. She also had Medical Research Council grade 3/5 symmetrical weakness of the lower limbs, in addition to absence of leg reflexes and flexor plantars. Sensation was reduced over her left thigh. Her left arm was weak in the triceps and biceps, grade 3/5; thumb abduction was reduced bilaterally, grade 4/5; left triceps and right supinator reflexes were absent. Cranial nerves and the rest of the neurological examination were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed degenerative changes that caused narrowing of the spinal canal between C5 and C7 but did not affect the spinal cord or nerve roots; in addition no intrinsic spinal cord abnormality was seen. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was normal. The cerebrospinal fluid contained 1 g protein/L (reference range 0-0.5) and 22×106 white blood cells/L (0-5×106) (85% lymphocytes, 15% polymorphs).
Basic Life Support
Authors: A. J. Handley
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Copyrighted Material, used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons Limited. For personal use only, must not be reproduced or shared with third parties. Anyone wishing to reproduce this content in whole or in part, in print or in electronic format, should contact digitalrightsuk@wiley.com Browse the ABC series at www.wiley.com ### Overview The term basic life support (BLS) is used to describe maintenance of a clear airway and support of breathing and the circulation in cases of cardiac arrest, without the use of equipment other than a simple airway device or protective shield. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the combination of chest compression and rescue breathing, and forms the basis of modern BLS. The chances of survival after cardiac arrest are increased when the event is witnessed and when a bystander institutes CPR prior to the arrival of the emergency services. When the heart arrests in ventricular fibrillation, the critical interval that determines outcome is the time from arrest until defibrillation, the chances of survival decreasing by between 7 and 10% for each minute of delay. Effective CPR reduces this decline by about 50%. The best chance of a successful outcome for the patient is achieved if chest compressions are started as soon as cardiac arrest is diagnosed. Chest compressions should be given with minimal interruptions at the recommended rate and depth, and are accompanied by artificial ventilation according to the current guidelines (see Box 1 and Figure 1). Figure 1 Adult basic life support. Reproduced with the kind permission of the Resuscitation Council (UK). box 1 ### Optimal chest compression characteristics (adults)RETURN TO TEXT
Ectopic Hyperprolactinemia Resulting From an Ovarian Teratoma
Authors: Gene A. Kallenberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Detection of an elevated prolactin level in the nonpregnant patient usually directs attention to the investigation of the pituitary gland. We describe a patient with secondary amenorrhea and galactorrhea in whom such an elevated prolactin level did initially lead to the discovery of a pituitary mass that was treated first unsuccessfully with surgery, and then successfully with medical therapy. After medical therapy normal menstruation continued, galactorrhea recurred intermittently, and the prolactin level rose again and remained in the approximately 36-micrograms/L range. However, 2 years later an ovarian teratoma was discovered incidentally and was removed surgically. On pathological evaluation the teratoma was noted to include prolactin-containing tissue, and immediately after surgery the patient's prolactin level and responsiveness to stimulatory testing returned to normal. To our knowledge this is the first case report of the association of clinically evident hyperprolactinemia with an ovarian cystic teratoma that contained prolactin-producing tissue.
Reconstructive Vascular Surgery
Authors: Robert S. Shaw
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Coronary ArteriesThe most promising surgical approach to intractable angina from chronic coronary-artery occlusive disease appears to lie in restoration of continuity in the obstructed artery rather than in efforts at improving collateral circulation.72 The recognition of the segmental nature of coronary occlusive disease and subsequent reports that patients could survive73 and be benefited from coronary thrombendarterectomy74 have not been followed by subsequent confirmation in the literature of the ready feasibility of this operation, although there has been much activity in the installation and perfection of angiographic technics for the preoperative demonstration of coronary occlusive disease.75 , 76 Complaint has been made . . .
Recovery of Motor Function after Spinal-Cord Injury — A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial with GM-1 Ganglioside
Authors: Fred H. Geisler, Frank C. Dorsey, William P. Coleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Spinal-cord injury is devastating; until recently, there was no medical treatment to improve recovery of the initial neurologic deficit. Studies in animals have shown that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM-1) ganglioside enhances the functional recovery of damaged neurons.
BMA public health doctor is accused of stigmatising sex workers
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A senior BMA figure has come under fire for claiming that rates of infection of sexually transmitted diseases in the United Kingdom would fall by 50% if the sex trade were legalised and rigorously regulated.

Chris Spencer Jones, chairman of the BMA's public health committee, told the association's annual public health conference last week that focusing on prostitutes, particularly immigrant and drug addicted sex workers, would also save the NHS £330m (€485m; $650m) a year.

Sexual health specialists immediately accused Dr Spencer Jones of making unsubstantiated claims that might further stigmatise sex workers.

Dr Spencer Jones told the conference: “In Birmingham it has been reported that 70% or more of STIs [sexually transmitted infections] are circulated in a pool of prostitutes and their clients.

“If prostitution were legalised and regulated, you wouldn't get an exact 70% …
Surgeon Recommendations and Receipt of Mastectomy for Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Monica Morrow, Reshma Jagsi, Amy K. Alderman, Jennifer J. Griggs, Sarah T. Hawley, Ann S. Hamilton, John J. Graff, Steven J. Katz
Journal: JAMA (2009)

<h3>Context</h3>There is concern that mastectomy is overused in the United States.<h3>Objectives</h3>To evaluate the association of patient-reported initial recommendations by surgeons and those given when a second opinion was sought with receipt of initial mastectomy; and to assess the use of mastectomy after attempted breast-conserving surgery (BCS).<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>A survey of women aged 20 to 79 years with intraductal or stage I and II breast cancer diagnosed between June 2005 and February 2007 and reported to the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries for the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles, California, and Detroit, Michigan. Patients were identified using rapid case ascertainment, and Latinas and blacks were oversampled. Of 3133 patients sent surveys, 2290 responded (73.1%). A mailed survey was completed by 96.5% of respondents and 3.5% completed a telephone survey. The final sample included 1984 female patients (502 Latinas, 529 blacks, and 953 non-Hispanic white or other).<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>The rate of initial mastectomy and the perceived reason for its use (surgeon recommendation, patient driven, medical contraindication) and the rate of mastectomy after attempted BCS.<h3>Results</h3>Of the 1984 patients, 1468 had BCS as an initial surgical therapy (75.4%) and 460 had initial mastectomy, including 13.4% following surgeon recommendation and 8.8% based on patient preference. Approximately 20% of patients (n = 378) sought a second opinion; this was more common for those patients advised by their initial surgeon to undergo mastectomy (33.4%) than for those advised to have BCS (15.6%) or for those not receiving a recommendation for one procedure over another (21.2%) (P &lt; .001). Discordance in treatment recommendations between surgeons occurred in 12.1% (n = 43) of second opinions and did not differ on the basis of patient race/ethnicity, education, or geographic site. Among the 1459 women for whom BCS was attempted, additional surgery was required in 37.9% of patients, including 358 with reexcision (26.0%) and 167 with mastectomy (11.9%). Mastectomy was most common in patients with stage II cancer (P &lt; .001).<h3>Conclusion</h3>Breast-conserving surgery was recommended by surgeons and attempted in the majority of patients evaluated, with surgeon recommendation, patient decision, and failure of BCS all contributing to the mastectomy rate.
Fundamentals of Clinical Practice
Authors: J. A. Lieberman
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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Prenatal Screening for Hepatitis B-Reply
Authors: A. Eugene Washington
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the thoughtful letter by Dr Koplan regarding our study, in which we conclude that all pregnant women in the United States should be screened for the presence of hepatitis B virus infection. Based on criteria outlined in the report that Koplan cites,<sup>1</sup>a program or strategy is cost-effective when it results in a cost savings and an equal (or better) health outcome. We show that the strategy of screening pregnant women and subsequently immunizing their at-risk neonates, when compared with the strategy of not screening pregnant women, results in less costs and fewer cases of liver disease (a better health outcome) and is therefore more cost-effective.<sup>1</sup>Although inclusion of indirect cost does not preclude the use of the term cost-effectiveness, when only direct costs are included (Fig 3 in our article), we still demonstrate that a screening and immunization program of high-risk pregnant women