tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case of Sarcoma of the Stomach in a Child Aged 31/2 Years
Authors: J. Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (1899)

THIS case during life was a clinical puzzle, and after death it proved to be a pathological rarity.Sarcoma of the stomach seems to be uncommon at any age, but in early life it is very rare, and this is the only case I know of in a young child.
THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GASTRIC ULCER.
Authors: H. D. NILES
Journal: JAMA (1905)

For a long time hemorrhage, obstructive vomiting and a certain characteristic localized pain were regarded as the essential symptoms of gastric ulcer, and when these classical symptoms were absent this lesion was diagnosed and treated (or mistreated) under other and various names that rarely conveyed any idea of the real causative pathology. In the light of our present knowledge, we must believe that our firm but unfounded faith in these diagnostic tests excluded from rational treatment a large majority of all our cases and persuaded us to make chronic gastritis, gastralgia and dyspepsia responsible for much suffering and not a few deaths that should properly be charged to gastric ulcer. It was not until the recent advances in stomach surgery permitted us often to observe and study gastric ulcer in life on the operating table that we were made to realize the great frequency and grave importance of this lesion.
Realistic Chemotherapeutic Policies for Tuberculosis in the Developing Countries
Authors: W. Fox
Journal: BMJ (1964)

During the course of the last LO years there has been striking progress in the chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis in the technically advanced countries.The developing countries, however, have derived very little benefit from the progress for two main reasons.First, because they have a gross shortage of medical resources.Secondly, relatively little attempt has yet been made to adapt current knowledge to their special problems.In particular, graduates from developing countries employed or studying in technically advanced countries learn an approach to therapy based on facilities which will not be available when they return home, and they receive very little instruction of practical relevance to the conditions they will have to face.In this lecture I intend to discuss the realistic application of chemo- therapy in the developing countries.In order to appreciate the problems involved it is necessary, first, to have a clear picture of the gross shortage of medical resources which exists in many developing countries, and, secondly, to know their current chest-clinic practice.3,506 26,445 1,707 52 300 Approximate No. of Population per Bed 98,000 71,000 2,750 15,500 51,000 177,000 88,000 24,916 2,100per tuberculosis bed ranges from 27.5 cases in Ceylon to 1,770 in Nepal.In the United Kingdom, in contrast, even though many tuberculosis beds are being closed down, the ratio in 1960 was still 1 for every 2,100 of the population, despite a much lower prevalence of the disease.It is probable that there is one bed for every five active cases in the community, and for all practical purposes every new case can be admitted to hospital immediately on diagnosis.
Facing the future
Authors: S. Kelly
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Teenagers are expected to be undisciplined, moody, and rebellious. It is part of growing up and growing away from the restrictions of childhood. Most adolescents manage this period of transition successfully, emerging with grace into adulthood. How much more difficult it must be to manage the transformation while confronting a life threatening illness. In this Everyman documentary we were shown how some young people were coping with life, friendships, and a variety of serious diagnoses.

The programme opened with Catherine, a 16 year old girl with cystic fibrosis. Catherine has friends her own age, and …
Corrigendum to “Long-term Regulation of Genetically Modified Primary Hematopoietic Cells in Dogs”
Authors: Kiyoshi Okazuka, Brian C Beard, David W Emery, Kerstin Schwarzwaelder, Michele R Spector, George E Sale, Christof von Kalle, Beverly Torok-Storb, Hans-Peter Kiem, C Anthony Blau
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Molecular Therapy (2011); 19: 1287–1294. doi:10.1038/mt.2011.8 Following the publication of this article, the authors noted that Beverly Torok-Storb should have been included as a co-author. Her affiliation is Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA. The correct and complete author names are also above.
The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging
Authors: Thomas F. Heston
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High TSH concentrations in "euthyroidism": explanation based on control-loop theory.
Authors: T J Wilkin, B E Storey, T E Isles, J Crooks, J S Beck
Journal: BMJ (1977)

High concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the serum have often been reported in apparently euthyroid patients with damaged thyroids. We have confirmed this finding in 14 patients 18 months after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves9s disease (group 1) and in 14 patients with manic-depressive psychosis (group 2) receiving lithium carbonate, which reduces thyroid reserve. One factor common to groups 1 and 2 but not to the controls was reduced thyroid reserve or functioning capacity, and, using established physical principles of servo-control, we have tried to define the mechanism. A series of curves were projected to indicate how TSH might be expected to vary with functioning thyroid capacity.
Biomarkers of Disease Severity and Th2 Polarity are Predictors of Risk for Eczema Herpeticum
Authors: L BECK, L LATCHNEY, D ZACCARO, J REESE, L SCHNEIDER, R GALLO, T HATA, J HANIFIN, M BOGUNIEWICZ, D LEUNG
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Quantitive systematic review of topically applied non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: R A Moore, M R Tramer, D Carroll, P J Wiffen, H J McQuay
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To review the effectiveness and safety of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in acute and chronic pain conditions. <b>Design:</b> Quantitive systematic review of randomised controlled trials. <b>Data sources:</b> 86 trials involving 10 160 patients. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Measures of treatment success approximating at least 50% reduction in pain, local and systemic adverse effects. Analysis at 1 week for acute and 2 weeks for chronic conditions with relative benefit and number needed to treat. <b>Results:</b> In acute pain conditions (soft tissue trauma, strains, and sprains) placebo controlled trials had a relative benefit of 1.7 (1.5 to 1.9), the number needed to treat was 3.9 (3.4 to 4.4). With analysis by drug (at least three trials), ketoprofen (number needed to treat 2.6), felbinac (3.0), ibuprofen (3.5), and piroxicam (4.2) had significant efficacy. Benzydamine and indomethacin were no different from placebo. In chronic pain conditions (osteoarthritis, tendinitis) placebo controlled trials had a relative benefit of 2.0 (1.5 to 2.7); the number needed to treat was 3.1 (2.7 to 3.8). Small trials (&lt;40 treated patients) exaggerated effectiveness of topical non-steroidals by 33% in acute conditions but not in chronic conditions. There was no relation between trial quality and treatment effect. In both acute and chronic pain local and systemic adverse events and withdrawal from the study related to the drug had a low incidence and were no different from placebo. <b>Conclusion:</b> Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective in relieving pain in acute and chronic conditions. <h3>Key messages</h3> Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely thought to be ineffective, despite licensed status To evaluate their effectiveness and safety we conducted a quantitive systematic review of all relevant randomised trials In acute conditions like strains and sprains topical non-steroidals were significantly better than placebo over 1 week with a number needed to treat of 3.9 (3.4 to 4.4). For drugs with at least three placebo controlled trials ketoprofen (number needed to treat 2.6), felbinac (3.0), ibuprofen (3.5), and piroxicam (4.2) had significant efficacy In chronic conditions like arthritis and rheumatism topical non-steroidals were significantly better than placebo over 2 weeks with a number needed to treat of 3.1 (2.7 to 3.8) In both acute and chronic pain local and systemic adverse events and withdrawal related to tested drug had a low incidence and were no different from placebo
S1PR1-STAT3 Signaling Is Crucial for Myeloid Cell Colonization at Future Metastatic Sites
Authors: Jiehui Deng, Yong Liu, Heehyoung Lee, Andreas Herrmann, Wang Zhang, Chunyan Zhang, Shudan Shen, Saul J. Priceman, Maciej Kujawski, Sumanta K. Pal, Andrew Raubitschek, Dave S.B. Hoon, Stephen Forman, Robert A. Figlin, Jie Liu, Richard Jove, Hua Yu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
The Thyroid Cork
Authors: Manfred Blum
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Obstruction of the thoracic inlet may be caused by retroclavicular entrapment of a large benign goiter. Flexion of the neck or elevation of the arms may wedge the goiter, much as a cork is inserted into the neck of a bottle, and lead to facial plethora, bulging neck veins, hoarseness, and respiratory embarrassment. Graves disease, autonomous adenoma, Hashimoto thyroiditis, endemic goiter, nodular goiter, or hemorrhage may be responsible. Hyperextending the neck and lowering the arms may offer temporary relief, but surgery may be required to reestablish a patent airway.
The PHSRN sequence induces extracellular matrix invasion and accelerates wound healing in obese diabetic mice
Authors: Donna L. Livant, R. Kaye Brabec, Kotoku Kurachi, David L. Allen, Yanling Wu, Ronald Haaseth, Philip Andrews, Stephen P. Ethier, Sonja Markwart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

The PHSRN sequence of the plasma fibronectin (pFn) cell-binding domain induces human keratinocytes and fibroblasts to invade the naturally serum-free extracellular matricies of sea urchin embryos. The potency of acetylated, amidated PHSRN (Ac-PHSRN-NH2) is significantly increased, making it more active on a molar basis than the 120-kDa cell-binding domain of pFn. Arginine is important to this activity because PHSAN and PHSEN are inactive, as is a randomized sequence peptide, Ac-HSPNR-NH2. One treatment with Ac-PHSRN-NH2 stimulates reepithelialization and contraction of dermal wounds in healing-impaired, obese diabetic C57BL6/KsJ db/db mice. Wound closure is equally rapid in treated db/db and db/+ mice and may be more rapid than in untreated nondiabetic db/+ littermates. In contrast, treatment with either Ac-HSPNR-NH2 or normal saline (NS) has no effect. Analysis of sectioned db/db wounds shows that, in contrast to treatment with Ac-HSPNR-NH2 or NS, a single Ac-PHSRN-NH2 treatment stimulates keratinocyte and fibroblast migration into wounds, enhances fibroplasia and vascularization in the provisional matrix, and stimulates the formation of prominent fibers that may be associated with wound contraction.
An Ancient Horizontal Gene Transfer between Mosquito and the Endosymbiotic Bacterium Wolbachia pipientis
Authors: Megan Woolfit, Iñaki Iturbe-Ormaetxe, Elizabeth A. McGraw, Scott L. O'Neill
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

The extent and biological relevance of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in eukaryotic evolution remain highly controversial. Recent studies have demonstrated frequent and large-scale HGT from endosymbiotic bacteria to their hosts, but the great majority of these transferred genes rapidly become nonfunctional in the recipient genome. Here, we investigate an ancient HGT between a host metazoan and an endosymbiotic bacterium, Wolbachia pipientis. The transferred gene has so far been found only in mosquitoes and Wolbachia. In mosquitoes, it is a member of a gene family encoding candidate receptors required for malaria sporozoite invasion of the mosquito salivary gland. The gene copy in Wolbachia has substantially diverged in sequence from the mosquito homolog, is evolving under purifying selection, and is expressed, suggesting that this gene is also functional in the bacterial genome. Several lines of evidence indicate that the gene may have been transferred from eukaryotic host to bacterial endosymbiont. Regardless of the direction of transfer, however, these results demonstrate that interdomain HGT may give rise to functional, persistent, and possibly evolutionarily significant new genes.
Midline Catheterization in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: M. Eric Gershwin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 October 1996Midline Catheterization in Hospitalized PatientsM. Eric Gershwin, MDM. Eric Gershwin, MDUniversity of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-8-199610150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We read with interest the report by Mermel and colleagues [1] on safety issues associated with midline catheters. In fact, because of transient flushing associated with catheter use, we previously examined the ability of catheters to release histamine from basophils and reported that neither the Landmark catheter nor control catheters released histamine in a non-IgE-mediated reaction [2]. Because of the questions raised by Mermel and associates [1], we obtained from the manufacturer detailed medical histories of all patients in whom adverse events were reported with the Landmark catheter. More recent data show that a total of 726 ...References1. Mermel LA, Parenteau S, Tow SM. The risk of midline catheterization in hospitalized patients. A prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:841-4. Google Scholar2. Leung PS, Halpern GM, Gershwin ME. Evaluation of possible histamine release from human peripheral blood cells using an enzyme immunoassay (HRT) with components of intravenous catheters. Allerg Immunol (Paris). 1993; 25:346-53. Google Scholar3. Pavlin DJ, Links S, Rapp SE, Nessly ML, Keyes HJ. Vasovagal reactions in an ambulatory surgery center. Anesth Analg. 1993; 76:931-5. Google Scholar4. Azarow KS, Molloy M, Kavolius V, Sayles J, Cabellon S Jr, Pearl RH. Perioperative complications of long-term central venous catheters in high-risk patients: predictors versus myths. South Med J. 1992; 85:498-501. Google Scholar5. Herman LL, Kurtz RC, McKee KJ, Sun M, Thaler HT, Winawer SJ. Risk factors associated with vasovagal reactions during colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endos. 1993; 39:388-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRe‐evaluating expanding intravenous catheters in medical practice 15 October 1996Volume 125, Issue 8Page: 696-697KeywordsAdverse eventsCatheterizationCathetersDrug interactionsDrugsHistamineOutpatientsRashesSafetyVancomycin ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
LIGHT METAL LIMBS IN ABOVE-KNEE AMPUTATIONS
Authors: E. M. Corner
Journal: BMJ (1921)

24 APRL g j*gi] LIG2T MktAL -.LIMAA ABO! AMPUTATIONU.of current must be reduced.A reliable guide as to when the needle is in the right place is that.the patient states that he experiences the same kind of pain as that of which he complains; the position is then correct and the treatment continued for ten minutes.If not found at first, then the needle mlust be moved about under the skiin until it is.During this ten minuites it may be necessary to increase or diminish the current accordiiig to the patient's sensations.After the current has beeni passing a few minutes the pain often diminishes and the current can be increased.After ten minutes the cutrent is slowly turned off, the needle remnoved, and the puncture sealed with collodion.No after-treatment is necessary.The spots are treated on alternate days.
B-type natriuretic peptide and renal function in the diagnosis of heart failure: An analysis from the BNP multinational study
Authors: Peter A. McCullough, Philippe Duc, Torbjorn Omland, James McCord, Richard M. Nowak, Judd E. Hollander, Howard C. Herrmann, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Arne Westheim, Marie-Claude Aumont, Catherine W. Knudsen, Alan B. Storrow, William T. Abraham, Sumant Lamba, Alan H. Wu, Alberto Perez, Paul Clopton, Padma Krishnaswamy, Radmila Kazanegra, Alan S. Maisel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Physician-scientist, heal thyself . . .
Authors: Andrew R. Marks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Historically, physician-scientists have had dual roles in caring for patients and in performing investigative research that could potentially lead to new diagnostics and therapeutics. Physician-scientists conducted teaching rounds in the hospital, surrounded by eager house staff and medical students, and were often avidly pursued as the most important sources of new knowledge for trainees. But alas, times have changed. Now physician-scientists are rarely seen in the hospital; they are most often spotted at their desks tapping out yet another grant application. Most struggle to find the time to mentor students and clinical trainees, let alone to care for patients in the hospital, even though these interactions are often the motivating forces for scientific creativity.
The Hospital 'Surgical Signature'
Authors: Robert E. McAfee
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The credibility and ultimate success of programs that address variations in practice patterns and the utilization of health care are entirely dependent on a continuing source of reliable data. In existing programs that monitor geographic variations in health care utilization, physician response has been most favorable when the data allow comparison of populations and treatment modalities most similar to their own practice experience. Data that will identify not only current practice patterns, but also trends over time, are critical to the success of such programs; noteworthy examples are the Maine Medical Assessment Project and a similar program in Iowa sponsored by the Iowa State Medical Society in concert with the state hospital association. Wennberg et al,<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journal, have alerted us to such a continuing source of data derived from Medicare fiscal intermediaries, and possibly available from other commercial carriers. These data are population based,
NICE draft guidance recommends lowering body mass threshold for weight loss surgery
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Bariatric surgery should now be considered for anyone with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, draft guidance has said1—which could lead to thousands more people in England undergoing the procedure.

Current guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that people with a BMI of 40 or more should be offered bariatric surgery as long as they have tried and failed with other methods of weight loss.

But the new draft guidelines have recommended that people with recent onset type 2 diabetes with a BMI of 35 or over should be offered …
Hop Dermatitis in Herefordshire
Authors: J. S. Cookson, A. Lawton
Journal: BMJ (1953)

The object of this investigation was to try to discover the incidence of hop dermatitis among workers in the hop-yards in Herefordshire and also try to establish the cause and nature of the dermatitis.The use of hops for flavouring and preserving beer was known long before 1549, when it is thought hops were first cultivated for this-purpose on any large scale in England.For a time in the sixteenth century hops were regarded as noxious and their use was forbidden.Hereford City Regulations, 1557 (Morgan, 1945), has
The physician. The key to the clinical application of scientific information
Authors: M. H. Dykes
Journal: JAMA (1977)

MY USE of the word "information" instead of "knowledge" is intended to stress that the physician often has to act on evidence that cannot be classified as "scientific knowledge." My remarks will be based on two premises. First, although "the practice of medicine today is clearly a cooperative venture that relies on the expertise of many individuals in addition to that of the physician,"<sup>1</sup>when a physician is granted a license to practice medicine, he is charged with the ultimate responsibility for deciding what diagnostic procedures and items of therapy will or will not be provided. Second, this is true and will continue to be true whether the physician is in private practice, institutional practice, or government service. Ingelfinger<sup>2</sup>has succinctly defined the good physician as one who practices by "the exercise of well-based and independent clinical judgment." I interpret this as suggesting that when a physician plans
Orofacial Dyskinesia
Authors: Howard D. Sutcher, Robert B. Underwood, Robert A. Beatty, Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A movement disorder, orofacial dyskinesia, is characterized by severe, involuntary, dystonic movements of the facial, oral, and cervical musculature. This condition is usually thought to result either from an extrapyramidal disorder or as a complication of phenothiazine therapy. However, certain edentulous dental patients also were observed to have involuntary dystonic movements similar to, but less severe than, those with orofacial dyskinesia. The symptoms of these dental patients responded favorably to prosthetic dental therapy. This suggested that similar dental therapy might be effective in the control of symptoms of orofacial dyskinesia. Four patients with confirmed diagnoses of orofacial dyskinesia wore dentures which had incorrect occlusions (craniomandibular relations). Modifications to correct the denture occlusions effected dramatic symptom reduction in all patients. Disruption of dental proprioception may be an important factor in the genesis of orofacial dyskinesia.