tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1295: Relationship between pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling schema and reported PK variability of liposomes in patients
Authors: Ryan F. Schell, Whitney P. Caron, Mark D. Walsh, Beth A. Zamboni, Ramesh K. Ramanathan, William C. Zamboni
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Liposomal formulations offer advantages over small molecules including increased solubility, selective targeting potential and prolonged drug exposure. Compared with conventional formulations, these agents often have greater PK and pharmacodynamic variability, which is attributed to the role of the mononuclear phagocyte system in the clearance of liposomes. Inter-patient variability in drug exposure, represented by area under the curve (AUC), of encapsulated drug can be 20- to 100-fold. However, some nanoparticle and liposomal agents report lower inter-patient PK variability. Study design and sampling schema may affect the documentation of PK variability, due to the prolonged systemic exposure of encapsulated drug. Thus, we evaluated the reported PK variability of PEGylated CKD-602 (S-CKD602) and non-liposomal CKD-602 (NL-CKD-602) using a short (0-24 h) and long (0-336 h) sampling schema. Methods: S-CKD602 and NL-CKD-602 were administered at doses ranging from 0.5 to 2.1 mg/m2 in phase I studies of patients with advanced solid tumors. Blood samples were obtained from baseline to 336 h for S-CKD602 and from baseline to 24 h for NL-CKD-602. Plasma concentration of total (lactone + hydroxy acid) encapsulated CKD-602 from S-CKD602 and total CKD-602 from NL-CKD-602 were measured by LC-MS/MS. AUC from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) and 0 to 336 h (AUC0-336) were calculated. The coefficient of variance % (CV%) in AUC0-24 and AUC0-336 at each dose level were calculated for S-CKD602 and NL-CKD-602. Results: Conclusion: The inter-patient variability of exposure of S-CKD602 is 2.5- to 3.4-fold greater than that of NL- CKD-602. Current PK study designs limited to 24 h underestimate the inter-patient variability of exposure of S-CKD602. PK study design of liposomal agents requires an extended PK sampling schema to accurately describe its PK disposition. A limited sampling strategy that may be applied for all nanoparticles is under development to address this issue. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1295. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1295
Benzyl Benzoate for Scabies: Aqueous and Spirit Emulsions
Authors: K. C. Mallen
Journal: BMJ (1942)

BRITISH teaspoonful of cough mixture three times daily, and failures in the technique of this procedure must be few indeed.Similar success in the carrying out of instructions is not met with in the treatment of scabies or, for that mnatter, in the treatment of skin disease in general. Choice of Remedy
Guidelines for Treating Dementia-Associated Agitation
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Can we predict spontaneous capsule passage after retention? A nationwide study to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of capsule retention
Authors: J. Cheon, Y.-S. Kim, I.-S. Lee, D. Chang, J.-K. Ryu, K. Lee, J.-S. Moon, C. Park, J.-O. Kim, K.-N. Shim, C. Choi, D. Cheung, B. Jang, G.-S. Seo, H.-J. Chun, M.-G. Choi
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J. H. Cheon et al., pp. 1046Endoscopy 2007; 39(12): 83-84DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308887
Patients, clients or just people?
Authors: L. Rodrigues
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

JRSM 1 ) overlooks the most salient message of the recent Vioxx matter: authors must take responsibility for the integrity of their work.Integrity is not defined by what an author can get past an editor.It is the indisputable obligation of researchers to include all relevant data in manuscript submissions-especially in research involving drug safety.The VIGOR authors, two of whom were Merck employees, withheld critical data on the cardiovascular toxicity of Merck's drug Vioxx.As soon as we learned that the authors knew of these data well before the article was published, we began preparing our Expression of Concern.By bringing this matter to public attention, we underscored its importance.The tale Smith tells is riddled with distortions and unsubstantiated opinions.These inaccuracies seem designed to serve an agenda he already has put forth: that journals are information-laundering vehicles for industry, a cynical view that we do not share.We stepped forward when we did, exposing ourselves to criticism, for the sake of open and honest discourse between authors and editors.Smith contends that medical journals have been damaged and the NEJM has been embarrassed.To the contrary, we are proud of our actions.We wanted to serve our readers by correcting the record and to affirm with authors the importance of accuracy and completeness.On the second point, we already have seen authors taking greater care to ensure the completeness of their submissions.
Points from letters: Cough suppressants for children
Authors: Q F Evans
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Government's spokesmen, including the Prime Minister, admit that the counter-inflation policy of 1975-6 was unjust to certain members of the community, including consultants on the incremental scale.They argue, however, that the steps were necessary in the national interest.The professions' negotiators did not 'acquiesce' in the imposition of this counterinflation policy, but vigorously opposed it- and succeeded in securing the modification for 1976-7 which has allowed the incremental scales to be reactivated.The withholding of contractual increments (and distinction awards) which has in effect meant for some consultants a 12-month wait for what they were entitled to was secured by the Remuneration, Charges, and Grants Act 1975-which rapidly went through Parliament without opposition and specifically allows employing authorities to breach contracts in this respect."-ED, BMJ. Keeping tabs on trainers
Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly
Authors: John W. Rowe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Isolated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure above 160 mm Hg accompanied by diastolic pressure below 90 mm Hg) is found in approximately 25 to 30 per cent of men and women over 75.1 Although convincing evidence indicates that elderly patients with both systolic and diastolic hypertension who are treated have a reduced risk of death from cardiovascular events, it is currently unknown whether treatment of isolated systolic hypertension is associated with a reduction in risk. The commonly held view that isolated systolic hypertension should not be treated is based in part on two misconceptions: that since isolated systolic hypertension accompanies . . .
ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Rushi Parikh, Rebecca Scherzer, Elaine Nitta, John MacGregor, Anna Leone, Steven Deeks, Jeffrey Martin, Catherine Donovan, Juliana Morelli, Peter Ganz, Priscilla Hsue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Influence of CT Scanning on the Cost of Workup for Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Marvin J. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Garraway et al 1 may be correct that in the isolation of Olmstead County there has been no significant increase in the number of patients worked up for  subdural hematoma since the introduction of computed tomographic (CT) scanning. However, on the basis of claims submitted for payment of CT head scans for possible subdural hematoma, it seems quite  that the data from Olmstead County may be misleading as far as the general community is concerned.  At many institutions it seems that CT scans are obtained routinely, for all patients with symptoms of conditions such as dementia, drug overdose, Alzheimer's disease, senility, stroke, and chronic headache. The data that Garraway et al present provide convincing evidence that when case selection is appropriate, as in Olmstead County, introduction of CT scanning results in a reduction in the cost of care for subdural hematoma. However, if one adds
Obesity in Hispanic Americans
Authors: Milton Z Nichaman, Gloria Garcia
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

The prevalence of obesity among Hispanic American populations is generally greater than among white populations in the United States. Among Mexican Americans, the prevalence of obesity was higher than among either Cuban Americans or Puerto Ricans. It is well known that the prevalence of diabetes increases with increasing levels of obesity or body mass index. However, it does not appear that the high prevalence of obesity in Mexican Americans completely accounts for the higher prevalence of diabetes seen in this ethnic group. Among Mexican Americans, the association of selected cardiovascular disease risk factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions and systolic blood pressure, was similar to that seen among other U.S. populations. Individuals with diabetes had higher values than seen among those without diabetes. In a comparison of nutrient intake in two Mexican-American populations, one rural and one urban, there were no major differences other than higher calorie intakes in the rural population compared with the urban population. In addition, the diet in the rural population, based on higher levels of the Keys score, was more atherogenic than that of the urban population.
Relation between Methylmercury Exposure and Plasma Paraoxonase Activity in Inuit Adults from Nunavik
Authors: Pierre Ayotte, Antoine Carrier, Nathalie Ouellet, Véronique Boiteau, Belkacem Abdous, Elhadji Anassour Laouan Sidi, Marie-Ludivine Château-Degat, Éric Dewailly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Methylmercury (MeHg) exposure has been linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme located in the high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of blood lipids, may protect against CHD by metabolizing toxic oxidized lipids associated with low-density liproprotein and HDL. MeHg has been shown to inhibit PON1 activity in vitro, but this effect has not been studied in human populations.This study was conducted to determine whether blood mercury levels are linked to decreased plasma PON1 activities in Inuit people who are highly exposed to MeHg through their seafood-based diet.We measured plasma PON1 activity using a fluorogenic substrate and blood concentrations of mercury and selenium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 896 Inuit adults. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, dietary, and lifestyle variables as well as PON1 gene variants (rs705379, rs662, rs854560) were considered as possible confounders or modifiers of the mercury-PON1 relation in multivariate analyses.In a multiple regression model adjusted for age, HDL cholesterol levels, omega-3 fatty acid content of erythrocyte membranes, and PON1 variants, blood mercury concentrations were inversely associated with PON1 activities [β-coefficient = -0.063; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.091 to -0.035; p < 0.001], whereas blood selenium concentrations were positively associated with PON1 activities (β-coefficient = 0.067; 95% CI, 0.045-0.088; p < 0.001). We found no interaction between blood mercury levels and PON1 genotypes.Our results suggest that MeHg exposure exerts an inhibitory effect on PON1 activity, which seems to be offset by selenium intake.
Effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on lipid metabolism in the diabetic rat. Evidence that inhibition of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity is not required for TNF-induced hyperlipidemia.
Authors: K R Feingold, M Soued, I Staprans, L A Gavin, M E Donahue, B J Huang, A H Moser, R Gulli, C Grunfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) administration produces an increase in plasma triglycerides that may be due to inhibition of adipose lipoprotein lipase activity and/or a stimulation of hepatic lipogenesis. We now report that TNF administration to insulinopenic diabetic rats increases serum triglycerides (2 h, 2.4-fold; 17 h, 4.3-fold). Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity was markedly decreased in diabetic animals compared with controls and was not further inhibited by TNF. Incorporation of tritiated water into fatty acids in the liver was increased 45% 1-2 h after TNF and 87% at 16-17 h. These results indicate that the TNF-induced increase in circulating lipid levels can occur in the absence of a TNF-induced inhibition of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. Moreover, the clearance from the circulation of triglycerides in chylomicrons was similar in control and TNF-treated animals; these results provide further evidence that the removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins is not altered in the TNF-treated animals. Our data suggest that the TNF-induced stimulation of hepatic lipid synthesis may play an important role in the increase in serum triglycerides. In addition, TNF administration to diabetic animals leads to an elevation in serum glucose levels (73% at 17 h) without a change in serum insulin levels. Thus, TNF stimulation of hepatic lipogenesis is independent of changes in insulin.
P91 Anti-IgE Therapy: An Observation in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: IE Robinson, JB Morjaria, T Moon, I Molyneux, AH Morice
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is characterised by the development of progressive cystic bronchiectasis. A proportion of patients have asthmatic elements which respond to conventional asthma therapy. Omalizumab (Xolair®, Novartis, UK) is a recombinant humanised monoclonal IgG which binds to IgE. We hypothesise that an IgE mediated component of airway inflammation in CF may respond to omalizumab. <h3>Methods</h3> Seven patients mean age 31 (SD±12) years, serum IgE (30–1500), symptomatic despite maximal conventional therapy were administered omalizumab using standard dosing regimen in an open label fashion. The Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and FEV1 were recorded at baseline and sixteen weeks post-treatment. Days of intravenous (IV) antibiotic in the year before and during therapy were compared. <h3>Results</h3> There was a significant improvement in the mean ACT score from 11 (±3.7) to 17 (±5.9), p=0.031. AQLQ scores pre-omalizumab 49 (±15) vs. post-omalizumab 69 (±22), p=0.156; and %FEV1 pre-omalizumab 42% (±13%) vs. post-omalizumab 45% (±14%), p=0.078 were not significantly improved. Similarly, the number of days of IV antibiotic usage declined with omalizumab treatment from 43 days (±24 days) to 25 days (±16 days) p=0.297, respectively. <h3>Discussion</h3> This small study shows an improvement in symptom control in selected CF patients with omalizumab and other indices showed non-significant improvements, particularly IV antibiotic usage. Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between exacerbation frequency in CF patients and the rate of decline in lung function. These findings warrant larger trials of omalizumab in ‘asthmatic’ CF.
Ensuring Progress in Primary Care — What Can Health Care Reform Realistically Accomplish?
Authors: Dave A. Chokshi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In the current political environment, forging consensus on health care reform has proven challenging. Yet the value of a strengthened primary care infrastructure is one apparent zone of agreement among policymakers. Leading professional societies have converged upon principles for restructuring primary health care in their support of the patient-centered medical home (see Table 1).1 In addition to this reorganization of primary care delivery, experts have recommended three other areas of improvement: payment reform, augmentation of the primary care workforce, and better tracking of care coordination between primary care physicians and specialists.2,3 Despite the apparent agreement on reforming primary care, there . . .
Rest pain and leg ulceration due to syphilitic osteomyelitis of the tibia.
Authors: M Walzman, A A Wade, S M Drake, A M Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Une observation: douleurs profondes de la jambe et ulcerations de la jambe et du pied, chez une femme de 81 ans atteinte d'arterite des MI. Pas d'amelioration apres derivation femoro-poplitee. Les radiographies montrent des alterations du tibia (osteoporose et sclerose) et les tests serologiques sont positifs pour la syphilis. Efficacite du traitement par tetracycline
De Nucleis Pulposis
Authors: F. Schiller
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  In Closer Look at Spinal Lesions, by Nagel et al, Yale University School of Medicine ( JAMA  191 :975-978 [March 22] 1965) the term  pulposa is used consistently. This makes one wonder about the role and the background of the editors—no doubt more than one—at work in this case, and editors in general. Nucleus is neither woman, tree, city, country, nor island. Nearly every one except the authors and editors of this paper (so graphically pointing out the dangers of spinal biopsy) knows, without requiring closer look at a dictionary, that nucleus ( pulposus ) is masculine. Imagine  rubra or nigra or caudata! With hurt surprise do we see this emasculate pulp Latin emanate from Yale. What next? An annulus fibrosa closing in on that once virile nucleus of learning?
TCTAP A-061 Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Multiple Overlapping (≥60mm) Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Pil Hyung Lee, Se Hun Kang, Min Su Kim, Hee-soon Park, Byeong Joo Bae, Sang Soo Cheon, Jae Hyung Roh, Mineok Chang, Hyun Woo Park, Sung Han Yoon, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Cyclic AMP as a determinant of vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation in the isolated rat heart
Authors: W. F. LUBBE, O. L. BRICKNELL, T. PODZUWEIT, L. H. OPIE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Ventricular fibrillation threshold and vulnerable period were measured in the isolated perfused rat heart to assess the influence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on ventricular vulnerability. Doses of dibutyryl cyclic AMP of 0.6−1.6 μmol/min caused an increase in coronary flow but had no effect on vulnerability, whereas doses of 2.6−4.2 μmol/min resulted in an increase in coronary flow, a decrease in VF threshold, and an increase in the width of the vulnerable period. These experiments support the concept of a local myocardial action of catecholamines, mediated by cyclic AMP, whereby vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation is increased.
Definition of Genetic Events Directing the Development of Distinct Types of Brain Tumors from Postnatal Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Falk Hertwig, Katharina Meyer, Sebastian Braun, Sara Ek, Rainer Spang, Cosima V. Pfenninger, Isabella Artner, Gaëlle Prost, Xinbin Chen, Jaclyn A. Biegel, Alexander R. Judkins, Elisabet Englund, Ulrike A. Nuber
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Although brain tumors are classified and treated based upon their histology, the molecular factors involved in the development of various tumor types remain unknown. In this study, we show that the type and order of genetic events directs the development of gliomas, central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid-like tumors from postnatal mouse neural stem/progenitor cells (NSC/NPC). We found that the overexpression of specific genes led to the development of these three different brain tumors from NSC/NPCs, and manipulation of the order of genetic events was able to convert one established tumor type into another. In addition, loss of the nuclear chromatin-remodeling factor SMARCB1 in rhabdoid tumors led to increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, a central cytoplasmic unfolded protein response (UPR) component, suggesting a role for the UPR in these tumors. Consistent with this, application of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib led to an increase in apoptosis of human cells with reduced SMARCB1 levels. Taken together, our findings indicate that the order of genetic events determines the phenotypes of brain tumors derived from a common precursor cell pool, and suggest that the UPR may represent a therapeutic target in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. Cancer Res; 72(13); 3381–92. ©2012 AACR.
Comparative prognostic value of automatic quantitative analysis versus semiquantitative visual analysis of exercise myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: DanielS Berman, Xingping Kang, KennethF Van Train, HowardC Lewin, Ishac Cohen, Joseph Areeda, JohnD Friedman, Guido Germano, LesleeJ Shaw, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Hepatic Artery Aneurysm on Tc-99m Red Blood Cell Scintigraphy
Authors: PREET S. KANG, VICENTE J. CARIDE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

An abdominal scan with Tc-99m RBC was performed on an 86-year-old man who was hospitalized for lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Data were acquired continuously for 60 minutes, and the study was reviewed from a cine display. A persistent focus of abnormal activity was seen in the right upper quadrant under the liver. Differential possibilities included aneurysm, varix, hepatic hemangioma, and possible bleeding into a cavity, diverticulum, or the gallbladder. A computed tomographic scan and Doppler ultrasound of the abdomen acquired 16 months earlier showed a hepatic artery aneurysm.