tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Topical Iodine and Hyperthyroidism
Authors: HOWARD A. MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1981Topical Iodine and HyperthyroidismHOWARD A. MILLER, M.D., JUDITH A. FARLEY, M.D., DAVID A. MAJOR, M.D.HOWARD A. MILLER, M.D., JUDITH A. FARLEY, M.D., DAVID A. MAJOR, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-1-121_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Iodine has been shown since the 19th century (1) to induce a thyrotoxic state. Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis was originally observed when iodine salts were introduced to iodine-deficient areas (2). In 1972, however, iodine thyrotoxicosis was first reported from an iodine-sufficient area (3). We wish to report what may be the first described case of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism resulting from cutaneous absorption of a topical preparation.An 80-year-old woman was admitted to Hahnemann Hospital with a history of right lower quadrant crampy pain and an 11.3-kg weight loss. A diagnosis of carcinoma of the colon was made. Atrial fibrillation developed....References1. COINDET J. Decouverte d'un nouveau remede contre le goitre. Chimie Physique. 1820;15:49. Google Scholar2. KIMBALL O. Iodine induced hyperthyroidism. JAMA. 1925;85:1709-10. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. VAGENAKISWANGBURGERMALOOFBRAVERMANINGBAR ACAFES. Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in Boston. N Engl J Med. 1972;287:522. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. GLEASONGOSSELINHODGESMITH MRHR. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, Acute Poisoning. Section III, Therapeutic Index. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1969:126-8. Google Scholar5. NYIRIJANNITTI WM. About the fate of free iodine upon application to the unbroken skin: an experimental study. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1932;45:85-107. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital Philadelphia, PA 19102 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIodine-Induced Hyperthyroidism: Occurrence and EpidemiologyHyperthyroidismFive patients with iodine-induced hyperthyroidism 1 July 1981Volume 95, Issue 1Page: 121-121KeywordsAtrial fibrillationColonHyperthyroidismSaltsWeight loss Issue Published: 1 July 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: Mallan G. Morgan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ALTHOUGH it is well known that infective endocarditis occurs on previously diseased heart valves, we were unable to find any reports in the English-language literature of infective endocarditis occurring subsequent to traumatically induced aortic regurgitation. We report a probable case of this entity, which we believe is an important one to consider, since proper modern-day antibiotic prophylaxis or treatment has changed the course of infective endocarditis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old man was admitted on Feb 4, 1973, with complaints of inability to sleep, increasing shortness of breath for two weeks, and inability to move the left side of his body since the previous evening. Several weeks before admission, he had been treated at another hospital for congestive heart failure with digitalis and diuretics, but continued to have shortness of breath and occasional epigastric and chest pains after discharge. He was in good health until December 1967, when he
SOME PHASES OF REJUVENATION
Authors: WILLIAM T. BELFIELD
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The fact that castration of the immature mammal prevents the full development of the secondary sex features is the basis for the prevalent belief that the gonads are the sole source of these features; and, indirectly, for the exploitation of so-called rejuvenation by the transplantation of gonads. That the gonads do not produce the secondary sex features is shown by several facts, two of which seem worthy of mention here: 1. The complete sex features of mind and body, including the external genitals, have been exhibited by persons congenitally devoid of gonads, as proved by necropsy. 2. The sex features, including the external genitals of one sex, have been exhibited by persons congenitally devoid of gonads normal to that sex, but possessing the gonads normal to the other sex (Figs. 1 and 2). There is, then, a force independent of the gonads which enters into the determination of sex features.
Allergen‐induced changes in airway responsiveness are related to baseline airway responsiveness
Authors: M. S. de Bruin‐Weller, F. R. Weller, I. H. M. Rijssenbeek‐Nouwens, H. M. Jansen, J. G. R. de Monchy
Journal: Allergy (1996)

In the literature, bronchial allergen challenge is usually reported to result in an increase in histamine-induced airway responsiveness (AR). The present study investigated the relation between baseline AR and allergen-induced changes in AR. The effect of allergen challenge on AR was investigated in 21 atopic asthmatic patients. Allergen challenge resulted in a significant decrease in PC20 histamine after 24 h. When the group was divided into three subgroups according to baseline PC20 histamine, a significant decrease in PC20 histamine was found only in patients with relatively high baseline PC20 histamine (groups 1 and 2). A significant inverse correlation was found between baseline PC20 and allergen-induced PC20 histamine. The effect of repeated allergen challenge on AR was studied in eight patients. The first allergen challenge resulted in a significant decrease in PC20 histamine; no further decrease in mean PC20 histamine was seen after the second allergen challenge. These results suggest that allergen-induced changes in AR occur mainly in patients with relatively high baseline PC20 values. Once an increase in AR is induced, further allergen challenge does not always result in further increase in AR.
Cognitive Decline Preceding the Onset of Psychosis in Patients With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Jacob A. S. Vorstman, Elemi J. Breetvelt, Sasja N. Duijff, Stephan Eliez, Maude Schneider, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Marco Armando, Stefano Vicari, Vandana Shashi, Stephen R. Hooper, Eva W. C. Chow, Wai Lun Alan Fung, Nancy J. Butcher, Donald A. Young, Donna M. McDonald-McGinn, Annick Vogels, Therese van Amelsvoort, Doron Gothelf, Ronnie Weinberger, Abraham Weizman, Petra W. J. Klaassen, Sanne Koops, Wendy R. Kates, Kevin M. Antshel, Tony J. Simon, Opal Y. Ousley, Ann Swillen, Raquel E. Gur, Carrie E. Bearden, René S. Kahn, Anne S. Bassett
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) have an elevated (25%) risk of developing schizophrenia. Recent reports have suggested that a subgroup of children with 22q11DS display a substantial decline in cognitive abilities starting at a young age.
Bottle Beach: Spring Migration
Authors: Pamela Gross
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kisspeptin-10, a KISS1-Derived Decapeptide, Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis by Suppressing Sp1-Mediated VEGF Expression and FAK/Rho GTPase Activation
Authors: Sung-Gook Cho, Zhengfang Yi, Xiufeng Pang, Tingfang Yi, Ying Wang, Jian Luo, Zirong Wu, Dali Li, Mingyao Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10), a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product of KISS1 gene, has been reported previously to be a key hormone for puberty and an inhibitor for tumor metastasis via the activation of G protein-coupled receptor 54. However, whether Kp-10 inhibits angiogenesis, which is critical for tumor growth and metastasis and other human diseases, is still unknown. Here we show that Kp-10 significantly inhibits human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration, invasion, and tube formation, key processes in angiogenesis. Using chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced mouse corneal micropocket assay, we show that Kp-10 inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, Kp-10 inhibits tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice xenografted with human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) through inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, whereas Kp-10 has little effect on the proliferation of HUVECs and human prostate cancer cells. In deciphering the underlying molecular mechanisms, we show that Kp-10 suppresses VEGF expression by inhibiting the binding of specificity protein 1 to VEGF promoter and by blocking the activation of c-Src/focal adhesion kinase and Rac/Cdc42 signaling pathways in HUVECs, leading to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
Abstract 2938: Polo-like kinase 1: a potential therapeutic target for the management of patients with triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Virginie Maire, Fariba Némati, Bérengère Marty-Prouvost, Aurélie Dumont, Marion Richardson, Anne Vincent-Salomon, Guillaume Lang, Bruno Tesson, Guillem Rigaill, Emmanuel Barillot, Elisabetta Marangoni, Didier Decaudin, Sergio Roman-Roman, Alain Pierré, Francisco Cruzalegui, Stéphane Depil, Gordon C. Tucker, Thierry Dubois
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancers are composed of molecularly distinct subtypes with different clinical outcomes and responses to therapy. Our aim is to discover potential therapeutic targets for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a poor prognosis subgroup with no targeted therapy available yet. Gene expression profiling on a cohort of 160 breast cancers including 40 TNBC revealed that the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a protein kinase, is specifically over-expressed in TNBC compared to the other breast cancer subtypes. High PLK1 expression was confirmed at a proteomic level by reverse phase protein array and tissue microarray. In TNBC cell lines grown as monolayers, RNAi-mediated PLK1 depletion or small compound (BI-2536)-mediated PLK1 inhibition induced an increase in phosphorylated H2AX, G2/M arrest and apoptosis, resulting in a decrease in cell viability. In addition, a soft-agar colony assay showed that PLK1 silencing impaired tumorigenicity of TNBC cell lines. With cells grown in extracellular matrix gels (Matrigel), BI-2536 induced apoptosis specifically in TNBC cancerous versus “normal” cell lines. The in vivo anti-tumor effect of BI-2536 was investigated in two TNBC xenografts derived from patient's biopsies. When administrated as a single agent, the PLK1 inhibitor significantly impaired the tumor growth. Most importantly, administration of BI-2536 in combination with adriamycin + cyclophosphamide chemotherapy led to 100% complete response (9/9 mice). Altogether, our observations point out that PLK1 may represent an attractive therapeutic target, in association with conventional chemotherapy, for the management of patients with TNBC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2938. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2938
Regulation of messenger RNAs for the hydrophobic surfactant proteins in human lung.
Authors: H G Liley, R T White, R G Warr, B J Benson, S Hawgood, P L Ballard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-B (8,000 D) and SP-C (4,000 D) accelerate surface film formation by surfactant phospholipids. We used cDNA probes to examine regulation of these proteins in human fetal lung. The mRNAs were detectable at 13 wk gestation and increased to approximately 50% (SP-B) and approximately 15% (SP-C) of adult levels at 24 wk. The mRNAs were detected only in lung of 11 dog tissues examined. When human fetal lung was cultured as explants without hormones, SP-B mRNA increased and SP-C mRNA decreased. Exposure for 48 h to glucocorticoids, but not other steroids, increased both SP-B mRNA (approximately 4-fold) and SP-C mRNA (approximately 30-fold) vs. controls. Half-maximal stimulation occurred with 1 nM dexamethasone and 300 nM cortisol for SP-B mRNA and at three- to fivefold higher concentrations for SP-C mRNA. Both stimulation and its reversal on removal of hormone were more rapid for SP-B than for SP-C. Terbutaline and forskolin increased SP-B mRNA but not SP-C mRNA. Levels of both mRNAs were much higher in type II cells than fibroblasts prepared from explants. Thus, the genes for SP-B and SP-C are expressed in vivo before synthesis of both SP-A (28,000-36,000 D) and surfactant lipids. Glucocorticoid induction of SP-B and SP-C mRNAs in type II cells appears to be receptor mediated but may involve different mechanisms.
The Far-Away Look
Authors: Lawrence D. Grouse
Journal: JAMA (1980)

MY PATIENT explained it to me this way. "First, you identify your complaint or the area that you want to work on. Then you go to a chart in a natural foods store to see which herb combination is recommended. Since I have high blood pressure, I found this listing on the chart." BLOOD PRESSURE (High or Low) HERBS: Cayenne, Parsley, Ginger Root, Golden Seal Root, Garlic and Siberian Ginseng. PHYSIOLOGIC ACTION: Promotes overall blood circulation and tends to normalize high or low pressure to the body's normal level. Cholesterol build-up in the blood vessels can also be reduced.<sup>1</sup> Trying hard not to sound overly critical (but failing), I inquire of my patient what evidence is offered that this herbal remedy will be effective for his hypertension. "People swear by these herbs," he tells me. "Besides, herbs have been used in folk medicine for millennia. What better proof can
The Neonatal Costs of Maternal Cocaine Use
Authors: Ciaran S. Phibbs
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the added neonatal cost and length of hospital stay associated with fetal cocaine exposure. <h3>Design.</h3> —All cocaine-exposed infants in the study population (n=355) were compared with a random sample of unexposed infants (n=199). Regression analysis was used to control for the independent effects of maternal age, smoking, alcohol consumption, prenatal care, race, gravidity, and sex of the infant. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A large, public, inner-city hospital studied from 1985 to 1986. <h3>Patients.</h3> —All infants were routinely tested for illicit substances, records were reviewed for maternal histories of substance abuse, and all known cocaineexposed singleton infants were included. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Cost and length of stay until each infant was medically cleared for hospital discharge and cost and length of stay until each infant was actually discharged from the hospital. <h3>Results.</h3> —Neonatal hospital costs until medically cleared for discharge were $5200 more for cocaine-exposed infants than for unexposed infants (a difference of $7957 vs $2757 [<i>P</i>=.003]). The costs of infants remaining in the nursery while awaiting home and social evaluation or foster care placement increased this difference by more than $3500 (<i>P</i>&lt;.0001). Compared with other forms of cocaine, fetal exposure to crack was associated with much larger cost increases ($6735 vs $1226). Exposure to other illicit substances in addition to cocaine was also associated with much larger cost increases ($8450 vs $1283). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —At the national level, we estimate that these individual medical costs add up to about $500 million. The large magnitude of these costs indicates that effective treatment programs for maternal cocaine abusers could yield savings within their first year of operation. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1521-1526)
AN ARTICLE CONTRIBUTED TO AN ANNIVERSARY VOLUME IN HONOR OF DOCTOR JOSEPH HERSEY PRATT
Authors: JAMES ALEXANDER MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

ExcerptIn a recent publication1 we presented a preliminary communication suggesting our ideas of intrinsic lung function. At that time we reached the following conclusions:(1) The intrinsic function of the lungs consists in their alveolo-capillary surface-creating and self-cleansing power.(2) Disturbance in these functions manifests itself by obliteration of some and compensatory hyperfunction of other lung areas.(3) In pulmonary fibrosis there is a permanent loss of functioning lung units, due to failure of the intrinsic self-cleansing function, and in emphysema there occurs an irreversible loss of retraction power in the compensating lung units where the operation of the intrinsic...
Vasopressin stimulates Cl- transport in ascending thin limb of Henle's loop in hamster.
Authors: N Takahashi, Y Kondo, O Ito, Y Igarashi, K Omata, K Abe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The effect of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on NaCl transport was investigated in the isolated microperfused hamster ascending thin limb of Henle's loop by measuring transepithelial voltage (Vt) and transmural 22Na+ and 36Cl- fluxes. In the presence of a transmural NaCl concentration gradient (100 mM higher in the lumen), Vt was 8.4 +/- 0.4 mV. Addition of 1 nM AVP to the basolateral solution increased Vt to 9.6 +/- 0.4 mV, which corresponds to an increase in the Cl- to Na+ permselectivity ratio (PCl/PNa) from 2.8 +/- 0.2 to 3.4 +/- 0.2. AVP at physiological concentrations increased Vt in a dose-dependent manner with an ED50 of 5 pM. AVP increased the Cl- efflux coefficient from 99.6 +/- 6.3 to 131.4 +/- 10.6 x 10(-7) cm2/s without affecting the Na+ efflux coefficient. 5-Nitro-2-(3-phenyl-propylamino)-benzoate (0.2 mM), a Cl- channel inhibitor, in the perfusate decreased the basal Cl- efflux coefficient and inhibited the AVP-induced increase in this parameter. The AVP-induced increase in Vt was not affected by [d(CH2)5(1),O-Me-Tyr2,Arg8] vasopressin, a V1 receptor antagonist, but was abolished by [d(CH2)5,D-Ile2,Ile4,Arg8] vasopressin, a V2 receptor antagonist. The selective V2 agonist dDAVP in 1 nM also increased Vt from 8.6 +/- 0.7 to 9.5 +/- 0.6 mV. Dibutyryl cAMP and forskolin both increased Vt, whereas H89, an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, abolished the AVP-induced increase in Vt. These results demonstrate that AVP stimulates Cl- transport in the ascending thin limb of Henle's loop by activating Cl- channels via a signal transduction cascade comprising V2 receptors, adenylate cyclase, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The ascending thin limb of Henle's loop thus participates in the formation of concentrated urine as one of the target renal tubular segments of AVP.
Thrombolysis in very elderly people: controlled comparison of SITS International Stroke Thrombolysis Registry and Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive
Authors: N. K. Mishra, N. Ahmed, G. Andersen, J. A. Egido, P. J. Lindsberg, P. A. Ringleb, N. G. Wahlgren, K. R. Lees
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To assess effect of age on response to alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke. <b>Design</b> Adjusted controlled comparison of outcomes between non-randomised patients who did or did not undergo thrombolysis. Analysis used Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and proportional odds logistic regression analysis. <b>Setting</b> Collaboration between International Stroke Thrombolysis Registry (SITS-ISTR) and Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA). <b>Participants</b> 23 334 patients from SITS-ISTR (December 2002 to November 2009) who underwent thrombolysis and 6166 from VISTA neuroprotection trials (1998-2007) who did not undergo thrombolysis (as controls). Of the 29 500 patients (3472 aged &gt;80 ("elderly," mean 84.6), data on 272 patients were missing for baseline National Institutes of Health stroke severity score, leaving 29 228 patients for analysis adjusted for age and baseline severity. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Functional outcomes at 90 days measured by score on modified Rankin scale. <b>Results</b> Median severity at baseline was the same for patients who underwent thrombolysis and controls (median baseline stroke scale score: 12 for each group, P=0.14; n=29 228). The distribution of scores on the modified Rankin scale was better among all thrombolysis patients than controls (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 1.7; Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel P&lt;0.001). The association occurred independently among patients aged ≤80 (1.6, 1.5 to 1.7; P&lt;0.001; n=25 789) and in those aged &gt;80 (1.4, 1.3 to 1.6; P&lt;0.001; n=3439). Odds ratios were consistent across all 10 year age ranges above 30, and benefit was significant from age 41 to 90; dichotomised outcomes (score on modified Rankin scale 0-1 <i>v</i> 2-6; 0-2 <i>v</i> 3-6; and 6 (death) <i>v</i> rest) were consistent with the results of the ordinal analysis. <b>Conclusions</b> Outcome in patients with acute ischaemic stroke is significantly better in those who undergo thrombolysis compared with those who do not. Increasing age is associated with poorer outcome but the association between thrombolysis treatment and improved outcome is maintained in very elderly people. Age alone should not be a barrier to treatment.
Breast feeding in the first six months.
Authors: J. C. Martines, M. Rea, I. De Zoysa
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Virtually all mothers in developing countries tend to supplement breast milk with water or teas, often during the infant's 1st week, thinking that these fluids have therapeutic effects. Moreover many physicians encourage this practice. It is unnecessary and could adversely affect infant health. Exclusively breast fed infants are less likely to suffer from diarrhea. For example, studies in the Philippines and Peru show that 6 month old breast fed infants who also received other fluids suffered from diarrhea at twice the rate of those who were exclusively breast fed. Further a study in Brazil reveals that these infants were more likely to die than those who only received breast milk. Moreover infants who received fluids other than breast milk consume less breast milk and breast feed for shorter duration than exclusively breast fed infants. In Brazil, breast fed infants who received supplements in the 1st days of life were 2 times as likely to not breast feed after 3 months than exclusively breast fed infants. Thus growth in infants who receive water or teas will not be optimal. Another benefit of breast feeding that supplements erode include increased birth intervals. Moreover research consistently shows that healthy infants who receive enough breast milk to meet their energy needs also receive enough fluid to meet their requirements, even in hot and dry environments. Improved maternity services following delivery increases exclusive breast feeding rates during the 1st few weeks of life. These services include telling all pregnant women how and why to breast feed, helping mothers start breast feeding soon after delivery, rooming in 24 hours/day, encouraging breast feeding on demand, and giving no other fluids, except for required medications. Further working mothers should have the right to breast feed. Support groups and health workers should encourage mothers to exclusively breast feed for the 1st 6 months.