tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of immobilization on retention of 90Y.
Authors: S D Roberts, P J Gillespie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

In this study the distribution of the Bremsstrahlung radiation resulting from the absorption of f6 particles was evaluated immediately after the intra-articular injection into the knee of 90Y and subsequently at intervals over the next 3 days.The later results were compared with the original patterns in individual patients.In all the cases in this series the knee was immobilized immediately after the injection and kept enclosed in a plaster of Paris splint for the next 3 days.If there are any real differences between our results and those described in other centres, they may be related to this period of immobilization.
Genome-wide analysis of the diatom cell cycle unveils a novel type of cyclins involved in environmental signaling
Authors: Marie J J Huysman, Cindy Martens, Klaas Vandepoele, Jeroen Gillard, Edda Rayko, Marc Heijde, Chris Bowler, Dirk Inzé, Yves Van de Peer, Lieven De Veylder, Wim Vyverman
Journal: Genome biology (2010)

Despite the enormous importance of diatoms in aquatic ecosystems and their broad industrial potential, little is known about their life cycle control. Diatoms typically inhabit rapidly changing and unstable environments, suggesting that cell cycle regulation in diatoms must have evolved to adequately integrate various environmental signals. The recent genome sequencing of Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum allows us to explore the molecular conservation of cell cycle regulation in diatoms.By profile-based annotation of cell cycle genes, counterparts of conserved as well as new regulators were identified in T. pseudonana and P. tricornutum. In particular, the cyclin gene family was found to be expanded extensively compared to that of other eukaryotes and a novel type of cyclins was discovered, the diatom-specific cyclins. We established a synchronization method for P. tricornutum that enabled assignment of the different annotated genes to specific cell cycle phase transitions. The diatom-specific cyclins are predominantly expressed at the G1-to-S transition and some respond to phosphate availability, hinting at a role in connecting cell division to environmental stimuli.The discovery of highly conserved and new cell cycle regulators suggests the evolution of unique control mechanisms for diatom cell division, probably contributing to their ability to adapt and survive under highly fluctuating environmental conditions.
Bruce R. Zimmerman, <scp>md</scp>
Authors: Christopher D. Saudek, Elizabeth A. Walker
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

To paraphrase John Donne, the loss of any member of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diminishes us all. But we feel a special sorrow with the recent passing of Dr. Bruce Zimmerman, ADA President, 1999–2000. Midway through his year as president, Dr. Zimmerman returned from a family holiday in Argentina to confirm what he suspected—that he had a serious brain tumor. With extraordinary courage, he completed his presidency and gave a stirring, insightful presidential address in June of 2000, despite having recently had brain surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Bruce was born in New York and raised in St. Paul, Minnesota. He attended St. Thomas University, St. Paul, Minnesota, for 1 year before deciding on a career in medicine and transferring to the University of Minnesota.

Bruce’s medical training was also at …
The patient's journey: living with diabetes
Authors: Sali Davis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

When I was diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes in 1984 at the age of 12 it came as a shock. I didn't know it at the time but all the signs were there: in the weeks before the diagnosis I had been losing a lot of weight, I was drinking far more than normal, I often felt unwell, and I recall my mother commenting on my constant mood swings. Eventually she got me to our general practitioner who, after discussing my symptoms, seemed to know what the problem was even before running tests.

Forty five minutes later I was in hospital, where type 1 diabetes was confirmed. In retrospect it would have been helpful if the specialist had explained the implications of the diagnosis instead of just saying that I had diabetes and that there was protein in my urine. Had I been told about the risks of kidney failure I would have been more vigilant and avoided taking ibuprofen, a factor in the development of my subsequent renal problems. It was a hard way to learn that I should always ask questions if I do not understand what doctors say.

It may seem funny now but the first thing that came to my mind on being told the diagnosis was “Will I ever be able to eat a McDonald's again.”

I spent eight days in hospital, but once diabetes and its treatment had been explained to me I was confident that I could cope with it. I was determined that it would not affect me in a dramatic way. I told myself that I could still have fun.

My condition didn't affect my relationship with friends. They came to visit me when I was in hospital for those eight days, and I am still friends with most of …
Transient Limb Ischemia Induces Remote Preconditioning and Remote Postconditioning in Humans by a K <sub>ATP</sub> Channel–Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Stavros P. Loukogeorgakis, Rupert Williams, Anna T. Panagiotidou, Shyamsunder K. Kolvekar, Ann Donald, Tim J. Cole, Derek M. Yellon, John E. Deanfield, Raymond J. MacAllister
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Transient limb ischemia administered before a prolonged ischemic insult has systemic protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury (remote ischemic preconditioning [RIPC]). It has been demonstrated that protection from IR can be achieved by brief periods of ischemia applied at a remote site during an injurious ischemic event (remote postconditioning [RPostC]). Using an in vivo model of endothelial IR injury, we sought to determine whether RPostC occurred in humans and whether it shared mechanistic similarities with RIPC. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation before and after IR (20 minutes of arm ischemia followed by reperfusion). RIPC was induced by conditioning cycles of 5 minutes of ischemia and reperfusion on the contralateral arm or leg before IR. For RPostC induction, conditioning cycles were administered during the ischemic phase of IR. Oral glibenclamide was used to determine the dependence of RIPC and RPostC on K(ATP) channels. IR caused a significant reduction in flow-mediated dilation in healthy volunteers (baseline, 9.3+/-1.2% versus post-IR, 3.3+/-0.7%; P<0.0001) and patients with atherosclerosis (baseline, 5.5+/-0.6% versus post-IR, 2.3+/-0.5%; P<0.01). This reduction was prevented by RIPC (post-IR+RIPC: healthy volunteers, 7.2+/-0.5% [P<0.0001 versus post-IR]; patients, 4.5+/-0.3% [P<0.01 versus post-IR]) and RPostC (post-IR+RPostC: 8.0+/-0.5%; P<0.0001 versus post-IR). The protective effects of RIPC and RPostC were blocked by glibenclamide. This study demonstrates for the first time in humans that RPostC can be induced by transient limb ischemia and is as effective as RIPC in preventing endothelial IR injury. RIPC and RPostC share mechanistic similarities, with protection being dependent on K(ATP) channel activation. These results suggest that remote conditioning stimuli could be protective in patients with acute ischemia about to undergo therapeutic reperfusion.
Reviews and Notes: Oncology: The Molecular Basis of Cancer
Authors: Edward A. Sausville
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1995Reviews and Notes: Oncology: The Molecular Basis of CancerEdward A. Sausville, MD, PhDEdward A. Sausville, MD, PhDNational Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-5-199509010-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail J Mendelsohn, P Howley, M Israel, and L Liotta; eds. 574 pages. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1995. $130.00. ISBN 0-7216-6483-0. Order phone 800-545-2522.A discipline has reached a measure of maturity when it needs to organize its knowledge for those devotees who were not present at its foundation. This text answers that need, providing a basis for “physiologic” thinking about neoplasia and its treatment. Larger tomes—standard works in the oncologic literature—attempt to do this, but the focus of such texts is ultimately on staging and standard treatment.Certain chapters of this book are noteworthy for their lucid writing and up-to-date information. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD 20892. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1995Volume 123, Issue 5Page: 397-398KeywordsCarcinogenesisColonGrowth factorsHematologic malignanciesHematopoietic growth factorsLungsMonoclonal antibodiesOncogenesRadiation therapyTumor suppressor genes Issue Published: 1 September 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
DRG-targeted helper-dependent adenoviruses mediate selective gene delivery for therapeutic rescue of sensory neuronopathies in mice
Authors: Tomoya Terashima, Kazuhiro Oka, Angelika B. Kritz, Hideto Kojima, Andrew H. Baker, Lawrence Chan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron dysfunction occurs in a variety of sensory neuronopathies for which there are currently no satisfactory treatments. Here we describe the development of a strategy to target therapeutic genes to DRG neurons for the treatment of these disorders. We genetically modified an adenovirus (Ad) to generate a helper virus (HV) that was detargeted for native adenoviral tropism and contained DRG homing peptides in the adenoviral capsid fiber protein; we used this HV to generate DRG-targeted helper-dependent Ad (HDAd). In mice, intrathecal injection of this HDAd produced a 100-fold higher transduction of DRG neurons and a markedly attenuated inflammatory response compared with unmodified HDAd. We also injected HDAd encoding the β subunit of β-hexosaminidase (Hexb) into Hexb-deficient mice, a model of the neuronopathy Sandhoff disease. Delivery of the DRG-targeted HDAd reinstated neuron-specific Hexb production, reversed gangliosidosis, and ameliorated peripheral sensory dysfunction. The development of DRG neuron–targeted HDAd with proven efficacy in a preclinical model may have implications for the treatment of sensory neuronopathies of diverse etiologies.
US health policy experts call for a centre to compare treatments
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A group of leading health policy experts has said that the United States needs a centre to compare the value of health treatments, similar to the United Kingdom's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE).

The group was brought together last month in Washington, DC, by the Health Industry Forum, which is based at Brandeis University and aims to develop solutions to problems in health care; Kaiser Permanente; and the industry group America's Health Insurance Plans. It comprised Stuart Altman, dean of Brandeis University; Gail Wilensky, former administrator of the US Healthcare Financing Administration; Kathy Buto, vice president for health policy government affairs at Johnson & Johnson; and Jack Rowe, a gerontologist who retired as chief executive officer of the health insurance firm Aetna and was previously president and chief executive officer of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. …
Government proposes shake up in child protection services
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The government has announced details of a proposed shake up in children's services in an attempt to avert another case of avoidable child death such as that of Victoria Climbie, the child who was murdered by her great aunt in February 2000.

In its consultation paper, Every Child Matters , the government proposes much closer working between primary healthcare services and local authority children's services, which are to be radically overhauled.

By 2006, the government wants to see all children's services, including children's health services, integrated into children's trusts, to be run by local authorities. The trusts would include community and acute health services, such as …
11C-Choline and F-18 FDG PET/CT Images of Hemangioblastoma
Authors: Miyako Morooka, Kimiteru Ito, Kazuo Kubota, Kanehiro Hasuo, Koichiro Okamoto, Tetsuo Hara
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We present the F-18 FDG and ¹¹C-choline PET/CT images obtained in 2 cases of hemangioblastoma. Hemangioblastoma is a highly vascular benign tumor that typically arises in the cerebellum or spine. The characteristic findings of a hemangioblastoma on both CT and MR include a peripherally located cerebellar lesion with a central cystic region and a peripherally enhanced nodule. In both patients, the uptake in the lesion was relatively low on the F-18 FDG PET/CT images and relatively high on the ¹¹C-choline PET/CT images.
Identification of Src-Specific Phosphorylation Site on Focal Adhesion Kinase: Dissection of the Role of Src SH2 and Catalytic Functions and Their Consequences for Tumor Cell Behavior
Authors: Valerie G. Brunton, Egle Avizienyte, Valerie J. Fincham, Bryan Serrels, Chester A. Metcalf, Tomi K. Sawyer, Margaret C. Frame
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Src tyrosine kinase expression and activity are elevated during colon cancer progression. How this contributes to the malignant phenotype is not fully understood. We show that in KM12C colon carcinoma cells, expression of kinase-deficient Src proteins (SrcMF and Src251) does not alter cell growth. Src kinase activity is required for turnover of cell-matrix adhesions and, in particular, the Src-dependent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is required for their disassembly. Surprisingly, we found that expression of SrcMF or Src251 resulted in increased tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK on Tyr(407), Tyr(576), Tyr(577), and Tyr(861), which are considered to be Src kinase substrates. This Src kinase-independent phosphorylation of FAK required an intact Src SH2 domain that mediates association of Src and FAK at peripheral adhesions. Use of a novel highly potent and selective Src kinase inhibitor AP23464 combined with experiments in Src/Fyn/Yes-deficient fibroblasts showed that increased phosphorylation of FAK in cells expressing SrcMF did not require Src-like kinases. However, specific phosphorylation on Tyr(925) of FAK was not evident in SrcMF- or Src251-expressing cells, and lack of Src kinase-dependent phosphorylation on this site was associated with impaired adhesion turnover. Our data show that Src kinase activity is required for adhesion turnover associated with cell migration in cancer cells and that, in addition to the catalytic activity, Src also acts as an adaptor to recruit other kinases that can phosphorylate key substrates including FAK. These studies have implications for tumor progression with respect to the use of Src kinase inhibitors.
The 10th National Forum on Quality Improvement in Health Care
Authors: Frank Davidoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Editorials1 October 1998The 10th National Forum on Quality Improvement in Health CareFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorEditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Although all clinicians understand at some level that the present quality of medical care leaves much to be desired, many react to the words “quality improvement” with a mixture of healthy skepticism and mild nausea. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), founded and directed by Dr. Donald M. Berwick, has been a leader in convincing many skeptics, physician and nonphysician alike, that the quality of care can be improved in ways that are both idealistic and pragmatic. The series of articles, “Physicians as Leaders,” that appeared in Annals earlier this year [1] explained many of the core working principles of ...References1. Berwick DM, Nolan TW. Physicians as leaders in improving health care: a new series in Annals of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:289-92. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Editor PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByUSING PROTOCOLS TO IMPROVE THE OUTCOMES OF MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTSMechanical VentilationOutcomes research at the end of lifeImproving Outcomes in the ICU Setting 1 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 7Page: 585KeywordsHealth careHealth care qualityInternetNauseaQuality improvement Issue Published: 1 October 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
P1-09-08: Association of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 with Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies.
Authors: W Yin, G Liu, J Lu, Z Shen, Z Shao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. However, conflicting results have been yielded for the association between HIF-1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis to assess the association of HIF-1 1772 C/T and 1790 G/A polymorphisms with breast cancer. Material and methods: Computerized and manual searches were performed to identify eligible studies comparing allelic and genotypic frequency between cases and controls in breast cancer. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to estimate the association between HIF-1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. The fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to combine data. Subgroup analyses by ethnicity were also performed. Results: This meta-analysis for 1772 C/T polymorphism included 1934 breast cancer cases and 1848 controls, and for 1790 G/A polymorphism included 602 breast cancer cases and 479 controls. We found that 1772C/T polymorphism increased the risk of breast cancer in the recessive model (OR = 2.273, 95% CI: 1.061−4.872, P = 0.035), whereas similar effect failed to be observed in the dominant model (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 0.717−1.613, P = 0.725). There was a significant increase in breast cancer risk among Asian women (OR = 4.162, 95% CI: 1.508−11.484, P = 0.006) but not Turkish patients in the recessive model. For the 1790G/A polymorphism, we found that it had no exact effect on the decreased risk of breast cancer in both recessive and dominant model. Discussion: This meta-analysis indicates that the polymorphism of HIF-1 1772C/T rather than 1790G/A polymorphism might be one of the high risk factors for breast cancer. The effect of the 1772C/T polymorphism on breast cancer risk is completely generated by the Asian women. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-08.
Lung Cancer: Surgery and Survival
Authors: John H. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Written in a pleasing and readable style often rare today, this short work was originally presented as a Hunterian lecture in the Royal College of Surgeons, London, Oct 4, 1951, and was later expanded. Although the author refers to the classic work of Rouviere and of Cordier on pulmonary lymphatic drainage, this book is really a contemporary study of the patterns of lymph node metastasis in 200 personal resections for bronchial carcinoma carried out between 1941 and 1950. Unique in cancer surveys is the fact that follow-up information was available on all patients. While lobectomy for carcinoma of the lung is often desirable in patients with poor ventilatory function, the author emphasizes that it is frequently not actually feasible even as a palliative procedure because of tumor invasion of the intrapulmonary lymph nodes. The small size of a peripheral neoplasm is no guarantee that it is benign, nor that it
Histone deacetylase inhibitiors enhance sensitivity of murine sarcoma tumors to IL-13-PE immunotoxin-based cancer therapy by upregulating IL-13Rα2 expression in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Toshio Fujisawa, Hideyuki Nakashima, Bharat H Joshi, Raj K Puri
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha 2 (IL-13Rα2) is a tumor antigen and a potent target for cancer therapy. Previously, we have reported that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors upregulated the IL-13Rα2 expression and enhanced anti-cancer effects of IL-13-PE, an immunotoxin composed
Volunteer Blood Donors with Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus: Clinical, Biochemical, Virologic, and Histologic Features
Authors: A. Obaid Shakil, Cathy Conry-Cantilena, Harvey J. Alter, Paul Hayashi, David E. Kleiner, Valeria Tedeschi, Krzysztof Krawczynski, Hari S. Conjeevaram, Richard Sallie, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

To assess the clinical significance of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in volunteer blood donors.Prospective cohort study.National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, a tertiary referral research hospital.60 anti-HCV-positive blood donors, divided into three groups of 20 persons each: Group I had normal alanine aminotransferase levels, group II had levels elevated to values less than twice the normal range, and group III had levels elevated to values greater than twice the normal range.Medical history, results of laboratory and virologic testing, and percutaneous liver biopsy findings.Participants with normal alanine aminotransferase levels were older and more often female than those with abnormal levels. The source of infection, duration of disease, symptom score, and amount of alcohol consumed were similar in the three groups. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detectable in 85% of participants, more commonly in the groups with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (95%) than in the group with normal levels (65%); however, titers were similar in all groups. Examination of liver biopsy specimens showed chronic hepatitis in 54 participants (90%) and cirrhosis in 1 participant. The only normal liver biopsy specimens (n = 3) were those from participants who were HCV RNA negative and had normal alanine aminotransferase levels.Most blood donors with anti-HCV have chronic hepatitis C regardless of their serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Donors with normal alanine aminotransferase levels and no HCV RNA in their serum generally have normal liver histologic findings or minimal changes and have probably recovered from HCV infection.
“Doc Fix” Saves Medicare Payments Again But Takes the Funds From Public Health
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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