tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression of HOXB2, a Retinoic Acid Signaling Target in Pancreatic Cancer and Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Davendra Segara, Andrew V. Biankin, James G. Kench, Catherine C. Langusch, Amanda C. Dawson, David A. Skalicky, David C. Gotley, Maxwell J. Coleman, Robert L. Sutherland, Susan M. Henshall
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Despite significant progress in understanding the molecular pathology of pancreatic cancer and its precursor lesion: pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), there remain no molecules with proven clinical utility as prognostic or therapeutic markers. Here, we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate mRNA expression of pancreatic cancer tissue and normal pancreas to identify novel molecular pathways dysregulated in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Experimental Design: RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix Genechip HG-U133 oligonucleotide microarrays. A relational database integrating data from publicly available resources was created to identify candidate genes potentially relevant to pancreatic cancer. The protein expression of one candidate, homeobox B2 (HOXB2), in PanIN and pancreatic cancer was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results: We identified aberrant expression of several components of the retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway (RARα, MUC4, Id-1, MMP9, uPAR, HB-EGF, HOXB6, and HOXB2), many of which are known to be aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer and PanIN. HOXB2, a downstream target of RA, was up-regulated 6.7-fold in pancreatic cancer compared with normal pancreas. Immunohistochemistry revealed ectopic expression of HOXB2 in 15% of early PanIN lesions and 48 of 128 (38%) pancreatic cancer specimens. Expression of HOXB2 was associated with nonresectable tumors and was an independent predictor of poor survival in resected tumors. Conclusions: We identified aberrant expression of RA signaling components in pancreatic cancer, including HOXB2, which was expressed in a proportion of PanIN lesions. Ectopic expression of HOXB2 was associated with a poor prognosis for all patients with pancreatic cancer and was an independent predictor of survival in patients who underwent resection.
In Silico Analysis of Kinase Expression Identifies WEE1 as a Gatekeeper against Mitotic Catastrophe in Glioblastoma
Authors: Shahryar E. Mir, Philip C. De Witt Hamer, Przemek M. Krawczyk, Leonora Balaj, An Claes, Johanna M. Niers, Angela A.G. Van Tilborg, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Dirk Geerts, Gertjan J.L. Kaspers, W. Peter Vandertop, Jacqueline Cloos, Bakhos A. Tannous, Pieter Wesseling, Jacob A. Aten, David P. Noske, Cornelis J.F. Van Noorden, Thomas Würdinger
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Abstract 4893: XIAP downregulation accompanies inhibition of melanoma xenograft growth by mebendazole
Authors: Nicole A. Doudican, Sara Byron, Pamela Pollock, Seth J. Orlow
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Melanoma's intrinsic resistance to therapy has been attributed to modulation of cellular survival pathways including apoptosis. We originally reported that mebendazole (MBZ), which acts as a microtubule-disrupting agent, is a potent inducer of apoptosis in melanoma cells in vitro via a Bcl-2 dependent mechanism (Molecular Cancer Research, 2008). Here, we show that MBZ is also able to effectively modulate another key anti-apoptotic factor, XIAP, to promote melanoma apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Methodology: Safety and efficacy of mebendazole was assessed using a human melanoma xenograft model established from M-14 cells. The effect of MBZ on XIAP expression and induction of apoptotic pathways was evaluated by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation techniques along with densitometric quantification. The growth inhibitory effects of MBZ were determined in a panel of melanoma cell lines with the sulphorhodamine (SRB) assay. siRNA techniques were used to reduce expression of XIAP. Results: Oral MBZ is as effective as the current standard of care temozolomide (TMZ) in reducing melanoma growth in vivo, with no notable toxicities observed. Inhibition of melanoma growth in vivo is accompanied by MBZ specific reduced expression of XIAP and cleavage of caspase 9. In response to MBZ treatment, sensitive cell lines display reduced levels of XIAP expression whereas resistant cell lines do not. Moreover, down-regulation of XIAP expression by siRNA in the MBZ-resistant melanoma cell line UACC1097 was accompanied by a reduction in the IC50 for MBZ from &amp;gt;10 μM to 3.7 μM. Exposure of melanoma cells to MBZ promotes the interaction of SMAC/DIABLO with XIAP, thereby alleviating inhibition of apoptosis by XIAP. Conclusions: In addition to demonstrating efficacy and safety in vivo, our preclinical studies of the promising anti-melanoma agent mebendazole provide insight into characterization of an apoptotic promoting mechanism of action. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4893. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4893
Retrospective Analysis of Surgery Versus Endovascular Intervention in Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: David Saadoun, Marc Lambert, Tristan Mirault, Mathieu Resche-Rigon, Fabien Koskas, Philippe Cluzel, Cécile Mignot, Yoland Schoindre, Laurent Chiche, Pierre-Yves Hatron, Joseph Emmerich, Patrice Cacoub
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— With recent advances in endovascular treatment, percutaneous endoluminal angioplasty has become particularly attractive for arterial lesions of Takayasu arteritis. However, data came from case reports or small series, and the long-term outcome has not been reported. The incidence of potential vascular complications after surgery or endovascular treatment is still to be determined. Methods and Results— This retrospective multicenter study analyzed the results and outcomes of 79 consecutive patients with Takayasu arteritis (median age, 39 years; interquartile range [IQR], 25–50 years; 63 women [79.7%]) who underwent 166 vascular procedures (surgery, 104 [62.7%]; endovascular repair, 62 [37.3%]) for the management of arterial complications. After a follow-up of 6.5 years (IQR, 2.2–11.5 years), 70 complications were observed, including restenosis (n=53), thrombosis (n=7), bleeding (n=6), and stroke (n=4). The overall 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year arterial complication–free survival rates were 78% (IQR, 69%–88%), 67% (IQR, 57%–78%), 56% (IQR, 46%–70%), and 45% (IQR, 34%–60%), respectively. Among the 104 surgical procedures, 39 (37.5%) presented a complication compared with 31 of the 62 (50%) with endovascular repair. In multivariate analysis, biological inflammation at the time of revascularization (odds ratio, 7.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–39.39; P =0.04) was independently associated with the occurrence of arterial complications after the vascular procedure. Patients who experienced complications had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates ( P &lt;0.001) and C-reactive protein ( P &lt;0.001) and fibrinogen ( P &lt;0.005) serum levels compared with those without complications. Conclusions— The overall 5-year arterial complication rate was 44%. Biological inflammation increased the likelihood of complications after revascularization in patients with Takayasu arteritis.
Clinical and immunological outcomes of high- and low-dose rituximab treatments in patients with pemphigus: a randomized, comparative, observer-blinded study
Authors: A.J. Kanwar, K. Vinay, G.U. Sawatkar, S. Dogra, R.W. Minz, N.H. Shear, H. Koga, N. Ishii, T. Hashimoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Rituximab is a promising therapy in pemphigus. However, there is no consensus on optimum dose.To compare the efficacy, in terms of clinical and immunological outcomes in patients with pemphigus, of a high (2 × 1000 mg) vs. a low dose (2 × 500 mg) of rituximab.This was a randomized, observer-blinded trial wherein 22 patients with pemphigus were randomized into two treatment groups. Patients received either two doses (day 0 and day 15) of 1000 mg rituximab or 500 mg rituximab, and were followed up for 48 weeks. Clinical activity was assessed by a blinded investigator. Indices of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for desmoglein (Dsg)1 and Dsg3, and CD19 cell count were examined at regular intervals.There was no statistically significant difference in early and late clinical end points, and total cumulative dose of corticosteroids between the two groups. At week 40, the fall in Ikeda severity score was significantly more in the 2 × 1000 mg group than in 2 × 500 mg group (P = 0·049). Patients in the 2 × 500 mg group received a significantly higher cumulative dose of azathioprine (P = 0·018). The ELISA indices of Dsg1 and Dsg3 showed a statistically significant decline in the 2 × 1000 mg group only. B cell repopulation occurred earlier in the 2 × 500 mg group by 8 weeks.A few clinical and immunological study parameters have suggested improved outcomes in patients receiving high-dose (2 × 1000 mg) rituximab.
The Burden and Treatment of Diabetes in Elderly Individuals in the U.S.
Authors: Elizabeth Selvin, Josef Coresh, Frederick L. Brancati
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—To assess the prevalence of diabetes, distinguishing between elderly individuals with diabetes diagnosed in middle age (“middle age–onset diabetes”) from elderly individuals with recently diagnosed diabetes (“elderly onset diabetes”) and to assess the burden of complications and control of cardiovascular risk factors in these groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed data from 2,809 elderly individuals from the 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional nationally representative survey of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the U.S. RESULTS—Among adults aged ≥65 years, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was 15.3%, representing 5.4 million individuals in the U.S. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 6.9% or 2.4 million individuals. Elderly individuals with middle age–onset diabetes had a much greater burden of microvascular disease but have a similar burden of macrovascular disease compared with individuals with elderly onset diabetes. Elderly individuals with middle age–onset diabetes had substantially worse glycemic control (proportion of individuals with HbA1c &amp;gt;7% = 59.9%) compared with either elderly onset (41.6%) or nonelderly individuals with diabetes (55.3%). Individuals with elderly onset diabetes were also less likely to be taking glucose-lowering medications. CONCLUSIONS—In this study, we documented a high prevalence of diabetes among elderly individuals and high rate of poor glycemic control in this population. Individuals with middle age–and elderly onset diabetes appear to represent distinct groups with differing burdens of disease and possibly differing treatment goals. Future studies of diabetes in elderly individuals may need to consider stratification based on age of diagnosis.
Internal Medicine in Vietnam, vol 2: General Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Authors: John L. Carpenter
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This multiauthored book is an extensive, significant work of excellent quality. It was written specifically as an official history of the Medical Department of the US Army in Vietnam. However, it contains much more than descriptive history. It specifically describes the experience with internal medicine in Vietnam. Owing to the relatively young age and previous good health of active duty troops and the underdeveloped nature of Vietnam, infectious diseases were overwhelmingly the primary diseases seen by internists during the conflict, and this is clearly reflected in the text. There are several chapters, such as that on malaria, in which original, definitive, clinical and basic science research previously published in academic medical journals is summarized and the clinical and biologic relevance reviewed. Most chapters are organized with an initial description of the basic disease process, followed by a description of the Army's experience in Vietnam. The chapters end with comments on
Visual Loss in Postconflict Southern Sudan
Authors: John Buchan
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Recent global estimates of the number of blind people put the total at 37–42 million [1,2]. This figure is predicted to rise to over 75 million by the year 2020 as a result of increases in world population and life expectancy, if current age-specific rates of blindness are allowed to persist [3].

The distribution of this global burden is, however, far from even. Blindness disproportionately affects the socioeconomically disadvantaged, both in terms of the numbers affected and in the impact of blindness on quality and length of life [4]. Although this link between blindness and low socioeconomic status is well known, two new studies published in PLoS Medicine are a useful reminder of just how vulnerable the poorest communities are to blindness [5,6].
Low Back Pain and Psychological Factors
Authors: Matti Joukamaa
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

The objective of the study was to find out how low back pain (LBP) and psychological factors are interrelated in the adult population. The study dealt with 220 individuals suffering form LBP and with a control group (n. = 101). The method used was a psychiatric interview. Mental disorders were more prevalent in the LBP group than in the control group. A clinical disorder was diagnosed for 31 % in the LBP group and they had many mild mental disturbances, too. The association between LBP and mental disorders was not as clear as found in previous studies with patient populations. The LBP group was divided according to the etiology of pain into functional and organic groups. No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to mental disturbance.
Restrictive government policies leave Kenyan children dying in pain
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Kenyan children in acute and chronic pain suffer needlessly because of government policies that restrict access to inexpensive pain treatments, a lack of investment in palliative care services, and inadequately trained health workers, says a new report by Human Rights Watch.

The report found that most Kenyan children with diseases such as cancer or HIV and AIDS are unable to get palliative care or drugs for pain. Kenya’s few palliative care services provide counselling and support to families of chronically ill patients, as well as pain treatment, but lack programmes for children.

Healthcare workers lack training in pain treatment and palliative care, and even when …
Mental Stress–Induced Ischemia in the Laboratory and Ambulatory Ischemia During Daily Life
Authors: James A. Blumenthal, Wei Jiang, Robert A. Waugh, David J. Frid, James J. Morris, R. Edward Coleman, Michael Hanson, Michael Babyak, Elizabeth T. Thyrum, David S. Krantz, Christopher O’Connor
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The purpose of this study was to determine the correspondence of mental stress–induced ischemia in the laboratory with ambulatory ischemia and to assess the relationship between hemodynamic responses to mental stress and the occurrence of ischemia. Although exercise testing is usually used to elicit myocardial ischemia, ischemia during daily life usually occurs at relatively low heart rates and in the absence of strenuous physical exercise. Mental stress has been shown to trigger ischemic events in the laboratory at lower heart rates but at blood pressures comparable to exercise. We therefore compared the extent to which mental stress and exercise testing identify patients who develop ischemia out of hospital. Methods and Results One hundred thirty-two patients with documented coronary disease and recent evidence of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia underwent 48-hour ambulatory monitoring and radionuclide ventriculography during exercise and mental stress testing. Patients who displayed mental stress–induced ischemia in the laboratory were more likely to exhibit ischemia during daily life ( P &lt;.021). Furthermore, patients who exhibited ischemia during ambulatory monitoring displayed larger diastolic blood pressure ( P &lt;.006), heart rate ( P &lt;.039), and rate-pressure product responses ( P &lt;.018) during mental stress. Conclusions Among patients with prior positive exercise stress tests, mental stress–induced ischemia, defined by new wall motion abnormalities, predicts daily ischemia independent of exercise-induced ischemia. Exaggerated hemodynamic responses during mental stress testing also identify individuals who are more likely to exhibit myocardial ischemia during daily life and mental stress.
Th2 Cytokines Potently Induce the Expression of an Orexigenic Peptide, Melanin-Concentrating Hormone by Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: H. Morita, K. Orihara, A. Yagami, R. Kojima, K. Matsumoto, H. Saito, A. Matsuda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Medical Aspects of Biological Warfare
Authors: Scott R. Lillibridge
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A vascular endothelial growth factor 121 (VEGF121)-based dual PET/optical probe for in vivo imaging of VEGF receptor expression
Authors: Choong Mo Kang, Hyun-Jung Koo, Kyo Chul Lee, Yearn Seong Choe, Joon Young Choi, Kyung-Han Lee, Byung-Tae Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Relationship of angiographically defined coronary artery disease to serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in young survivors of myocardial infarction.
Authors: A Hamsten, G Walldius, A Szamosi, G Dahlen, U de Faire
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The relationship of serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations to angiographically determined coronary artery disease was investigated in 105 consecutive male survivors of myocardial infarction under the age of 45. Concentrations and composition of lipoproteins, lipid indexes, and nonlipid risk factors (tobacco consumption, hypertension, reduced glucose tolerance, and obesity) were related to a recently developed scoring system for semiquantitative estimation of diffuse coronary atheromatosis, as well as to the number and severity of significant coronary artery stenoses. The concentrations of cholesterol in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), in combination with serum triglyceride or VLDL triglyceride level, comprised the best set of independent discriminatory lipid variables between patients and control subjects. In the patients, LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels showed strong relationships to the extent and severity of coronary atheromatosis but not to the number and severity of distinct coronary stenoses. HDL2 cholesterol concentration correlated inversely with the coronary atheromatosis score, whereas other variables reflecting HDL concentration and composition or VLDL lipids were not independently related to any of the coronary scores. The LDL triglyceride level, an index of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) accumulation, was significantly correlated to the coronary atheromatosis score in univariate analysis. Nonlipid risk factors were correlated neither to coronary atheromatosis nor to severity of stenoses. Stepwise multiple regression analyses of data adjusted for age, cumulative tobacco consumption, and weight indicated that 18% of the variation in the coronary atheromatosis score could be accounted for by levels of apolipoprotein B. Addition of other lipoprotein variables or the nonlipid variables hypertension and glucose tolerance did not significantly increase the value of R2. When ratios of lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins were included in the regression model, the highest multiple correlation coefficient was obtained with the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio alone (R2 = .22). The present data demonstrate the importance of elevated LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations for the development of coronary atheromatosis in young male survivors of myocardial infarction. The lack of correlations between the levels of lipoprotein lipids and serum apolipoproteins and the severity of coronary stenoses suggests that mechanisms other than disturbances of lipoprotein metabolism may be involved in the progression of more advanced coronary lesions.
Clinical Nonspecificity of Milk Coproantibodies in Diarrheal Stools
Authors: Starkey D. Davis, C. Warren Bierman, William E. Pierson, Charles W. Maas, Antoinette Iannetta
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

GASTROINTESTINAL sensitivity to cow's milk is a common syndrome of infancy that is thought to be caused by allergy or hypersensitivity to cow's milk proteins.1 2 3 Recent reports indicate that affected infants have precipitins in the stool to cow's milk proteins.4 5 6 To verify these reports, stools from three groups of infants were tested.Diarrheal stools were collected from the two infants with typical gastrointestinal milk sensitivity after oral challenge with cow's milk. The infants were four and six months of age. Stools were also collected from 38 infants admitted to Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center with a primary diagnosis of . . .
Resolution of SPECT-Determined Anterior Cerebral Hypoperfusion Correlated With Maintenance ECT-Derived Improvement in Residual Symptoms in a Case of Late-Life Psychotic Depression
Authors: Kazumasa Suzuki, Shuichi Awata, Takehisa Takano, Yukio Ebina, Shinichi Numata, Atsushi Saito, Kae Ito, Hiroo Matsuoka
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A 70-year-old widow with recurrent psychotic depression was successfully treated with maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for 4 years up to the present. Anterior cerebral hypoperfusion visualized by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) before ECT persisted (second SPECT study 14 days after the last ECT session) despite a response to the first course of acute ECT. Only mild symptoms remained. Relapse occurred 2 weeks after the post-ECT SPECT study. The hypoperfusion improved after response to a second course of acute ECT (per SPECT 5 days after the last ECT session), and perfusion was normalized after 2-year maintenance ECT (per SPECT 14 days after the last ECT session). The normalization coincided with improvement in depressive symptoms remaining after the second course of acute ECT. We speculate that the effectiveness of maintenance ECT might have been in part the result of the improvement in residual symptoms and that resolution of the persistent anterior hypoperfusion, which might underlie medical refractoriness, illness chronicity, and relapse tendency in late-life depression, might have been associated with the improvement in residual symptoms achieved by maintenance ECT.