tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Shroom expression is attenuated in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: J Sevilla-Pérez, M Königshoff, G Kwapiszewska, O V Amarie, W Seeger, N Weissmann, R T Schermuly, R E Morty, O Eickelberg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Shroom is a PDZ-domain protein involved in the regulation and maintenance of cytoskeletal architecture by binding to actin. Hypertrophy and altered actin organisation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is a hallmark of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aim of the present study was to localise and characterise Shroom expression in the lung in experimental and idiopathic PAH (IPAH). Shroom expression and localisation in hypoxia-induced PAH in mice and IPAH in humans, in vivo, as well as in primary PASMC, in vitro, was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, laser-assisted microdissection and immunohistochemistry. Shroom localised exclusively to PASMC (both bronchial and vascular) in mouse and human lungs. Both in vivo and in primary PASMC, in vitro, Shroom exhibited spatially similar expression with alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). Shroom expression was significantly reduced in the mouse model of PAH, in primary murine PASMC exposed to hypoxia, and in primary PASMC isolated from patients with IPAH. The ratio between Shroom and alpha-SMA RNA expression further confirmed Shroom downregulation in both mouse and human PASMC. In summary, Shroom localises exclusively to pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Shroom downregulation in pulmonary arterial hypertension suggests a link between Shroom expression and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell hypertrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Housing reform: getting tough on poor people
Authors: J. Connelly
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The British government has announced its intention to repeal legislation that gives some homeless people the right to permanent housing.1 2 Its proposed new legislation excludes certain groups from receiving help, such as immigrants admitted on the basis that they would have no recourse to public funds. Furthermore, local authorities will not have to secure accommodation for anyone who “already has suitable accommodation … whether within the United Kingdom or elsewhere.”3 The proposed changes have implications for public health and also raise the question of how the state may best help to ensure its citizens have decent housing.

A letter of general guidance about the proposed changes sent to local authorities last year states that authorities “will be under no duty to secure accommodation for a household if it is satisfied that there is alternative accommodation available within the authority's area that the household could reasonably be expected to occupy.” How “reasonableness” should be interpreted is not clear, but having access to private rented accommodation will probably disqualify applicants from assistance. The central change, however, is in the duration of the duty to help …
"SURVIVAL OF MAMMALIAN TESTIS IN VITRO"
Authors: Max Thorek
Journal: JAMA (1925)

To the Editor:  —In the article of Dr. Clayton J. Lundy on this subject (The Journal, March 7, p. 745), the author, after an excellent series of experiments, concludes that  tissue of the rat preserved twenty-four hours or longer outside the body cannot be used for successful transplantation. While this is undoubtedly the case in the rat, the human testis may be transplanted, according to experiments I have made, with confidence of taking within the first forty-eight hours after removal from the donor, provided the proper technic for preservation and implantation has been practiced. On page 747, Dr. Lundy further states that when the whole testis is implanted, the tunica albuginea presents a barrier to the entrance of the phagocytic cells and retards phagocytosis. While this may also be true in the rat, implanted testes in their entirety may, and very often do, heal successfully if the technic described
Studies Propose Targeted Screening of Blood for West Nile Virus
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early and Delayed Imaging of Tc-99m HMPAO Versus 11-201 in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors Similar Uptake but Different Retention
Authors: TAKASHI OHNISHI, SHIRO NOGUCHI, NOBUO MURAKAMI, MOTOTSUGU HARAO, SEISHI JINNOUCHI, HIROAKI HOSHI, SHIGEMI FUTAMI, SHIGEKI NAGAMACHI, KATSUSHI WATANABE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors performed both Tc-99m HMPAO and TI-201 scintigraphy in 30 patients with thyroid tumors (21 papillary adenocarcinoma, three solid follicular adenoma, six adenomatous goiter with cystic degeneration). Increased accumulation of both Tc-99m HMPAO and TI-201 was seen in 14 patients with papillary adenocarcinoma and three with solid follicular adenoma, whereas two patients with papillary adenocarcinoma had low accumulation of both tracers. Of the six patients with adenomatous goiter with cystic degeneration, four had low accumulation of both Tc-99m HMPAO and TI-201, and one patient had low accumulation of Tc-99m HMPAO only. Iso accumulation (same accumulation as the normal thyroid) of Tc-99m HMPAO was seen in five patients with papillary adenocarcinoma and one with adenomatous goiter. The distribution of Tc-99m HMPAO in the thyroid tumors and normal thyroid tissue was independent of time from 2 to 120 minutes after injection. The results of dynamic studies using Tc-99m HMPAO suggested that the accumulation of Tc-99m HMPAO in thyroid tumors reflected mainly tumor blood flow. The resultant Tc-99m HMPAO images were essentially similar to the TI-201 images obtained 10 minutes after injection. Tc-99m HMPAO imaging can be a suitable substitute for TI-201 imaging, and it may possibly be used to estimate tumor blood flow in patients with thyroid tumors
HEIGHTENED BRAIN SYNDROMES AS PRECURSORS OF SEVERE PHYSICAL ILLNESS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: MARVIN HADER, PHILIP M. SCHULMAN, IRENE FAIGMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

Six of 74 patients seen in psychiatric consultation who had brain syndromes attributed to senile, arteriosclerotic, or possible circulatory disturbance or disease within 2 weeks to 3 months developed severe physical illness. The brain syndrome and behavior disorder became less significant clinically as the physical illness developed. It is concluded that it is important to be continually aware of a geriatric patient's physical condition when he is being treated for an initially pre-dominant psychiatric condition.
A novel truncated form of eNOS associates with altered vascular function
Authors: Elena Galluccio, Laura Cassina, Isabella Russo, Fabrizio Gelmini, Emanuela Setola, Luca Rampoldi, Lorena Citterio, Alessandra Rossodivita, Mikel Kamami, Antonio Colombo, Ottavio Alfieri, Marina Carini, Emanuele Bosi, Mariella Trovati, PierMarco Piatti, Lucilla D. Monti, Giorgio Casari
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

AimsNitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in vascular homeostasis and is produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), encoded by NOS3 gene. We previously reported the genetic association between NOS3 rs753482-A>C polymorphism on intron 19 and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the attempt of conferring functional implication to the rs753482-A>C polymorphism, we investigated its influence on transcript maturation.
Validation of Screening Tools for Identifying Hearing-Impaired Elderly in Primary Care
Authors: Michael J. Lichtenstein
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Two instruments for the detection of hearing impairment, the Welch-Allyn audioscope (Welch-Allyn Inc, Skaneateles Falls, NY) and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly—Screening Version (HHIE-S), were validated against pure tone audiometry in 178 patients over 65 years old screened in primary care practice. The prevalence of hearing impairment in this sample was 30%. The audioscope yielded reproducible results in the physicians' offices and a hearing center. The sensitivity of the audioscope was 94% in both locations, while its specificity was 90% in the hearing center and 72% in the physicians' offices. The HHIE-S yielded reproducible results between the two test locations. An HHIE-S score from 0 to 8 resulted in a likelihood ratio of 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.19 to 0.68), and a score of 26 or more yielded a likelihood ratio of 12.00 (95% confidence interval, 2.62 to 55.00) for predicting the presence of hearing impairment. Used together, the two instruments had a test accuracy of 83%. The audioscope and HHIE-S are valid, reliable, inexpensive tools for detecting hearing impairment in the elderly. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2875-2878)
Usefulness of specific immunotherapy in patients with atopic dermatitis and allergic sensitization to house dust mites: a multi‐centre, randomized, dose–response study
Authors: T. Werfel, K. Breuer, F. Ruéff, B. Przybilla, M. Worm, M. Grewe, T. Ruzicka, R. Brehler, H. Wolf, J. Schnitker, A. Kapp
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Background: The effect of specific immunotherapy (SIT) on eczema in atopic dermatitis is not known. Therefore, a multi‐centre, randomized dose–response trial, double‐blind with respect to the efficacy of a biologically standardized depot house dust mite preparation was performed. Methods: Eighty‐nine adults with a chronic course of atopic dermatitis, SCORAD ≥40 and allergic sensitization to house dust mites [CAP‐FEIA ≥3] were included, of whom 51 completed the study. Subcutaneous SIT with a house dust mite preparation ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus / D. farinae ) applying maintenance doses of 20, 2000 and 20 000 SQ‐U in weekly intervals for 1 year. The main outcome measures addressed the change of the SCORAD as average of the values after 9 and 12 months of SIT in comparison with the value at baseline. Results: The SCORAD declined in the three dose groups in a dose‐dependent manner ( P = 0.0368, Jonckheere–Terpstra test) and was significantly lower in the two high‐dose groups (2000, 20000 SQ‐U) compared with the low‐dose group of 20 SQ‐U ( P = 0.0379, U ‐test) after 1 year of SIT. The use of topical corticosteroids was significantly reduced with higher doses ( P = 0.0007, Mantel–Haenszel chi‐square test). Conclusions: Allergen‐SIT for 1 year with a house dust mite preparation is able to improve the eczema in patients with atopic dermatitis who are sensitized to house dust mite allergens and reduces the need for topical corticosteroids. SIT may be valuable in the treatment of this chronic skin disease.
CATHETER ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: COMPARISON OF TWO THREE-DIMENSIONAL ABLATION SYSTEMS: RADIOFREQUENCY BASKET CATHETER ABLATION VERSUS CRYOABLATION
Authors: Etienne Luciani, Marliese Nagy, Hans-Jörg Bauerle, Bernd-Dieter Gonska
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Allopurinol to Prevent Pancreatitis After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Joseph Romagnuolo, Robert Hilsden, Gurpal S. Sandha, Marty Cole, S.Y.D. Bass, Gary May, Jonathan Love, Vincent G. Bain, John McKaigney, Richard N. Fedorak
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)
The Possible Impact of DRGs on Nutritional Status of Patients Having Surgery for Cancer of the Head and Neck
Authors: Bernard S. Linn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our purpose was to determine if the introduction of prospective payment according to diagnosis related groups (DRGs) was associated with any adverse effect on the nutritional status of patients undergoing massive resections for head and neck cancer. The hypothesis was that malnourished patients, in particular those admitted since prospective payment was instituted, would be less well nourished at the time of surgery due to shortened preoperative stays, and, therefore, they would have more postoperative complications than malnourished patients admitted before DRGs. We compared 59 male patients with cancer of the head and neck admitted for massive resections before the introduction of DRGs with 61 similar patients admitted after the introduction of DRGs. These patients were classified as being either malnourished or well nourished. Nutritional status did not differ significantly at admission but was worse at surgery after the introduction of DRGs. In malnourished patients, complication scores were over two times higher after the introduction of DRGs. We conclude that malnourished patients have not fared as well since the prospective payment system was introduced and that other ways need to be devised so malnourished patients can be treated, such as adjusting DRG payments or providing preadmission nutritional support. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:514-518)
Regulatory peptide receptors in human hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: J C Reubi, A Zimmermann, S Jonas, B Waser, P Neuhaus, U Laderach, B Wiedenmann
Journal: Gut (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Overexpression of regulatory peptide receptors in selected human tumours is of diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. <h3>AIMS</h3> To evaluate the expression of somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P, cholecystokinin (CCK) A and B, and neurotensin receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). <h3>METHODS</h3> In vitro receptor autoradiography for the various peptide receptors using selective iodinated radioligands on tissue sections in 59 cases of HCC. <h3>RESULTS</h3> 41% of HCC expressed somatostatin receptors; 47% expressed VIP receptors. VIP receptors were always identified in non-neoplastic liver tissue. Substance P receptors were only identified in 5% of HCC but in the majority of their peritumorous and intratumorous vessels. CCK-A and -B and neurotensin receptors were not detected in HCC. The somatostatin receptors showed high affinity for somatostatin and octreotide. The VIP receptors had high affinity for VIP, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) 27, and a VIP1 selective analogue, suggesting the presence of VIP1/PACAP II type receptors. PACAP I receptors were identified in two cases. Substance P receptors were all of the NK1 subtype. The density of somatostatin receptors in HCC was low compared with the density found in liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumours. The VIP receptor density was always lower in HCC than in adjacent liver tissue. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Somatostatin, VIP, and substance P may have a receptor mediated role in HCC. Substance P receptors may be involved in regulation of tumour associated blood flow; somatostatin receptors and VIP receptors may mediate tumour growth. Diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of somatostatin and VIP analogues may be of interest in receptor positive HCC.
Interaction between variants of two glycosyltransferase genes in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Li Zhu, Wanwan Tang, Guisen Li, Jicheng Lv, Jiaxiang Ding, Lei Yu, Minghui Zhao, Yanda Li, Xuegong Zhang, Yan Shen, Hong Zhang, Haiyan Wang
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Adrenal and clinical responses to corticotrophin and prednisone in inflammatory disease of the colon.
Authors: M Friedman, J M Hinton, J E Lennard-Jones
Journal: Gut (1969)

Clinical experience suggests that some patients with severe ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease of the colon who are not responding to oral prednisone improve on treatment with corticotrophin.Why this is so is not known and the optimum dosage of corticotrophin has not been established.To investi- gate these two problems observations have been made on the effect of prednisone and/or corti- cotrophin on the adrenal function and clinical response in 20 patients with colonic inflammatory disease.METHOD PATIENTS Clinical details of the 20 patients studied are shown in Table I.The diagnosis was made on the basis
Value of ultrasound in differentiating causes of persistent vomiting in infants.
Authors: M D Rollins, M D Shields, R J Quinn, M A Wooldridge
Journal: Gut (1991)

A prospective study of abdominal ultrasound was undertaken in 100 consecutive infants who presented with a history of persistent vomiting aged 5 to 90 days. Each infant had a 'test feed' followed by an ultrasonographic scan of the pylorus at the cotside. On test feeding a palpable tumour was evident in 38 infants. On real time ultrasound using the criteria for diagnosing pyloric stenosis, these 38 infants as well as six others were documented as having pyloric stenosis. In the other 56 patients the vomiting settled in six and a barium examination was performed on the remaining 50. This confirmed gastro-oesophageal reflux in 46, two of whom had an associated hiatus hernia, one with a duodenal malrotation, and three were reported as normal. Ultrasound of the abdomen is an accurate, reliable, and rapid screening method to differentiate the causes of severe vomiting in infancy.
Flank pain and haematuria
Authors: E. Green, Z. Ali
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 25 year old man presented to the accident and emergency department after waking up with severe left sided abdominal pain and visible blood in his urine. He had no history of other urinary or gastrointestinal symptoms and felt well otherwise. Although he could not recall any traumatic injury, he had been drinking alcohol the night before and his memory of events was somewhat patchy. He was normally fit and well and had no medical history of note. On examination he was haemodynamically stable. We found no evidence of bruising or other injury to his abdomen or genitalia. His abdomen was soft and mildly tender to palpation on the left flank. His haemoglobin and renal function were normal. Although he had frank haematuria when he arrived at the hospital, this rapidly cleared. To investigate further, he underwent a contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of his abdomen (fig 1⇓). Fig 1 Abdominal computed tomogram ### Short answers
Relevance of CD49d protein expression as overall survival and progressive disease prognosticator in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Valter Gattei, Pietro Bulian, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Antonella Zucchetto, Luca Maurillo, Francesco Buccisano, Riccardo Bomben, Michele Dal-Bo, Fabrizio Luciano, Francesca M. Rossi, Massimo Degan, Sergio Amadori, Giovanni Del Poeta
Journal: Blood (2007)
Scottish public health conference was cancelled after Nestle emerged as sponsor
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A conference on tackling public health issues that was due to take place at the end of May in Scotland was cancelled after senior doctors complained that the lead sponsor was linked with promoting unhealthy practices.

Building a Healthier, Fairer Scotland, which was scheduled for 27 May in Edinburgh, was billed by its organisers as “Scotland’s premier annual public health conference.” Speakers intended to lead discussions on a number of key issues including health inequalities, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and older people’s health. But after it emerged that Nestle would sponsor the conference, nine members of the Scottish Public Health Network—which brings together professionals involved in improving health—wrote to the conference chairperson to complain about the choice of backer. …
Distribution, function, and prognostic value of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in follicular lymphoma: a 3-D tissue-imaging study
Authors: Camille Laurent, Sabina Müller, Catherine Do, Talal Al-Saati, Sophie Allart, Luigi Maria Larocca, Stefan Hohaus, Sophie Duchez, Anne Quillet-Mary, Guy Laurent, Pierre Brousset, Salvatore Valitutti
Journal: Blood (2011)
Multicentre randomised controlled trial of nasal diamorphine for analgesia in children and teenagers with clinical fractures
Authors: J. M Kendall
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To compare the effectiveness of nasal diamorphine spray with intramuscular morphine for analgesia in children and teenagers with acute pain due to a clinical fracture, and to describe the safety profile of the spray. <b>Design:</b> Multicentre randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> Emergency departments in eight UK hospitals. <b>Participants:</b> Patients aged between 3 and 16 years presenting with a clinical fracture of an upper or lower limb. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Patients9 reported pain using the Wong Baker face pain scale, ratings of reaction to treatment of the patients and acceptability of treatment by staff and parents, and adverse events. <b>Results:</b> 404 eligible patients completed the trial (204 patients given nasal diamorphine spray and 200 given intramuscular morphine). Onset of pain relief was faster in the spray group than in the intramuscular group, with lower pain scores in the spray group at 5, 10, and 20 minutes after treatment but no difference between the groups after 30 minutes. 80% of patients given the spray showed no obvious discomfort compared with 9% given intramuscular morphine (difference 71%, 95% confidence interval 65% to 78%). Treatment administration was judged acceptable by staff and parents, respectively, for 98% (199 of 203) and 97% (186 of 192) of patients in the spray group compared with 32% (64 of 199) and 72% (142 of 197) in the intramuscular group. No serious adverse events occurred in the spray group, and the frequencies of all adverse events were similar in both groups (spray 24.1% <i>v</i> intramuscular morphine 18.5%; difference 5.6%, -2.3% to 13.6%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Nasal diamorphine spray should be the preferred method of pain relief in children and teenagers presenting to emergency departments in acute pain with clinical fractures. The diamorphine spray should be used in place of intramuscular morphine.
Rapid confirmation of Southeast Asian and Filipino α‐thalassemia genotypes from newborn screening specimens
Authors: Urvashi Bhardwaj, Yao‐Hua Zhang, William Blackburn, Linda L. McCabe, Edward R.B. McCabe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract α + ‐Thalassemia (−α) is prevalent throughout tropical and subtropical regions of world, whereas α 0 ‐thalassemia (−−) occurs at higher frequency in Southeast Asia. Homozygosity for the α 0 ‐thalassemia deletion (−−/−−) is a serious health problem in Southeast Asia and the Philippines and is responsible for the majority of hydrops fetalis in this region. Asian immigration in United States has impacted the demography of genetic disease in U.S. As Asians comprise of 10% of all California births and represent a population at highest risk for α 0 ‐thalassemia, we developed a rapid and efficient PCR approach to detect the common α 0 ‐thalassemia deletions in Southeast Asians and Filipinos using newborn screening specimen. Am. J. Hematol. 71:56–58, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.