tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemoradiotherapy with or without panitumumab in patients with unresected, locally advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (CONCERT-1): a randomised, controlled, open-label phase 2 trial
Authors: Ricard Mesía, Michael Henke, Andre Fortin, Heikki Minn, Alejandro Cesar Yunes Ancona, Anthony Cmelak, Avi B Markowitz, Sebastien J Hotte, Simron Singh, Anthony T C Chan, Marco C Merlano, Krzysztof Skladowski, Alicia Zhang, Kelly S Oliner, Ari VanderWalde, Jordi Giralt
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Private Medical Practice — The Clinical Approach — Lecture Notes
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

IT is difficult to assess the extent of private medical practice today, but it appears that whereas it is a diminishing factor in general practice, it exists to a considerable degree in consultant practice.Since the introduction of the National Health Service an ever-increasing number of persons have signed on its list of general practitioners. There is nothing to prevent any general practitioner from taking private patients, but he may not charge fees to patients on his National Health Service list and he may not prescribe drugs on its forms to any patient who is not on his list. The . . .
Use of a Modified Minicoil for Continuous Dialysis
Authors: D. J. Blackmore, G. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1964)

DiscussionIt has been quite definitely established that progestogen- oestrogen oral contraception is very effective with certain recognized but not serious side-effects.Our more recent efforts, and those of most other investigators of these compounds, have taken two major directions: (1) a search for better and lower- dosage products; (2) a detailed investigation of the possible long-term effects of these compounds on various organs and body functions, and the determination of the safety, or lack of safety, of many years of consistent use by the same individual.Since most women now using these products generally take them for family-planning purposes rather than to avoid any further pregnancies, data on long-term continuous use are not easy to obtain.In our clinic the number of women who have used any of our oral contraceptive preparations for over five years continuously is less than 300, and our studies, with those of Pincus, constitute the longest investigations of this form of contraception.Therefore the total number of con- tinuous users for over five years anywhere is likely to be very limited.It is important that long-term data about continuous use be obtained, because, as this form of contraception is being employed more and more by younger women, we will have millions who may complete their families between the ages of 25 and 30, and they will be depending on the continuous use of these products for another 15 to 20 years.The detailed blood-chemistry studies we have referred to in this report provide one method of obtaining needed information regarding safety.One problem in obtaining this type of information is that certain abnormalities may be found, and they are not necessarily suggestive of pathology.This may hold particularly true, for example, for such changes as eleva- tions in protein-bound iodine.One would be rash, I believe, in deducing a state of hyperthyroidism because the protein- bound iodine in a patient exceeded the usual normal limit of 8 ttg./100 ml.We therefore have to attempt to correlate any
Hypercalcemia and Pancreatitis
Authors: Lee D. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  The recent interesting report of Gafter et al (235:2004, 1976) on pancreatitis secondary to the hypercalcemia of metastatic malignancy brings to mind an instructive case seen by us a short while ago.  A stuporous 70-year-old patient had a serum calcium level of 15.8 mg/100 ml; phosphorus, 5.1 mg/100 ml; creatinine, 2.4 mg/100 ml; and clinical signs of acute pancreatitis. A bone scan and abdominal x-ray films showed no bony abnormalities. The calcium level declined only mildly over two days to 13 mg/100 ml, with hydration, furosemide (Lasix) and steroid therapy and phosphate via nasogastric tube. Severe worsening of the renal insufficiency developed, with an elevation of phosphorus to 8.3 mg/100 ml when the calcium level was 13 mg/100 ml. Since the patient remained seriously ill and stuporous, it was elected to administer calcitonin (Calcimar) in two intramuscular doses of 100 Medical Research Council units each, six hours
Trends in Clinical Trials Reports in Common Cancers Between 1989 and 2000
Authors: Bruce E. Hillner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: Cancer clinical trials can be dichotomized into pilot (phase I and phase II) and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). The best data source for evidence-based medicine is from RCTs. However, many patients prefer to enroll onto pilot trials, and many investigators prefer to conduct or refer their patients to pilot trials. This exploratory study sought to describe the epidemiologic patterns of clinical trial reports in common cancers. Methods: A structured review was conducted of MEDLINE citations of all English clinical trials reports published between 1989 and 2000 in breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, and female genital cancers, plus leukemias and lymphomas. Each report was classified by design (RCT, pilot, or other) and country. The abstracts of RCTs were reviewed for sample size. Reports addressing screening or prevention were excluded. Results: A total of 12,035 reports, of which 3,560 were from RCTs, were found. The annual growth in RCT reports in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer was significant (range, 4.8% to 8.5% per year) but was insignificant in leukemias, lymphomas, and female genital and lung cancers (range, 0.1% to 4.3% per year). Within each cancer, the average sample size per report did not change during the 12 years. Nonrandomized trial reports increased on average 15.1% per year (range, 10.1% to 23.2%). The United States accounted for 30% of all RCT reports and 45% of pilot trial reports. Conclusion: The faster growth in nonrandomized compared with RCT reports may reflect rapid advances in cancer biology or different structural, commercial, and financial incentives, especially in the United States compared with Europe. Unless additional studies show evidence of an increase in their quality, the modest growth in RCT reports may limit future evidence-based cancer care.
Measurement of twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure: surface versus needle electrode stimulation.
Authors: A Mier, C Brophy
Journal: Thorax (1991)

The transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) generated during bilateral supramaximal phrenic nerve stimulation at 1 Hz from surface stimulating electrodes was compared with pressures obtained from needle electrodes inserted under local anaesthesia. Surface electrodes were used to obtain diaphragmatic electromyograms and magnetometers to monitor rib cage and abdominal configuration. Twitch Pdi was recorded at functional residual capacity in three normal subjects. Mean (SD) twitch Pdi in the three subjects during stimulation with surface electrodes was 19.4 (1.8), 22.5 (1.1), and 29.3 (2.2) cm H2O compared with 12.9 (1.5), 17:4 (1.3), and 22.6 (3.0) cm H2O with needle stimulating electrodes. Thus phrenic nerve stimulation with needle electrodes was more complicated and more invasive than stimulation with surface electrodes and resulted in lower transdiaphragmatic pressures.
Abnormal hemodynamics and elevated angiotensin II plasma levels in polydipsic patients on regular hemodialysis treatment
Authors: Giorgio Graziani, Salvatore Badalamenti, Alberto Del Bo, Monica Marabini, Gabriella Gazzano, Giovanna Como, Elena Viganò, Giancarlo Ambroso, Alberto Morganti, Lucia Turolo
Journal: Kidney International (1993)
The genomic and phenotypic diversity of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Daniel C Jeffares, Charalampos Rallis, Adrien Rieux, Doug Speed, Martin Převorovský, Tobias Mourier, Francesc X Marsellach, Zamin Iqbal, Winston Lau, Tammy M K Cheng, Rodrigo Pracana, Michael Mülleder, Jonathan L D Lawson, Anatole Chessel, Sendu Bala, Garrett Hellenthal, Brendan O'Fallon, Thomas Keane, Jared T Simpson, Leanne Bischof, Bartlomiej Tomiczek, Danny A Bitton, Theodora Sideri, Sandra Codlin, Josephine E E U Hellberg, Laurent van Trigt, Linda Jeffery, Juan-Juan Li, Sophie Atkinson, Malte Thodberg, Melanie Febrer, Kirsten McLay, Nizar Drou, William Brown, Jacqueline Hayles, Rafael E Carazo Salas, Markus Ralser, Nikolas Maniatis, David J Balding, Francois Balloux, Richard Durbin, Jürg Bähler
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
TCT-502 Small Versus Large Culprit Vessel Size In Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention For ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Incidence, Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Differences
Authors: Refai Showkathali, Mariana Noy, Sunit Davda, Rohan Jagathesan, John Davies, Kare Tang, Paul Kelly, Rajesh Aggarwal, Jeremy Sayer, Gerald Clesham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Plasmonic Nanodiamonds: Targeted Core–Shell Type Nanoparticles for Cancer Cell Thermoablation
Authors: Ivan Rehor, Karin L. Lee, Kevin Chen, Miroslav Hajek, Jan Havlik, Jana Lokajova, Milan Masat, Jitka Slegerova, Sourabh Shukla, Hamed Heidari, Sara Bals, Nicole F. Steinmetz, Petr Cigler
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Targeted biocompatible nanostructures with controlled plasmonic and morphological parameters are promising materials for cancer treatment based on selective thermal ablation of cells. Here, core-shell plasmonic nanodiamonds consisting of a silica-encapsulated diamond nanocrystal coated in a gold shell are designed and synthesized. The architecture of particles is analyzed and confirmed in detail using electron tomography. The particles are biocompatibilized using a PEG polymer terminated with bioorthogonally reactive alkyne groups. Azide-modified transferrin is attached to these particles, and their high colloidal stability and successful targeting to cancer cells overexpressing the transferrin receptor are demonstrated. The particles are nontoxic to the cells and they are readily internalized upon binding to the transferrin receptor. The high plasmonic cross section of the particles in the near-infrared region is utilized to quantitatively ablate the cancer cells with a short, one-minute irradiation by a pulse 750-nm laser.
Homozygous mutation of AURKC yields large-headed polyploid spermatozoa and causes male infertility
Authors: Klaus Dieterich, Ricardo Soto Rifo, Anne Karen Faure, Sylviane Hennebicq, Baha Ben Amar, Mohamed Zahi, Julia Perrin, Delphine Martinez, Bernard Sèle, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Théophile Ohlmann, Sophie Rousseaux, Joel Lunardi, Pierre F Ray
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury: disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Authors: Joshua A Salomon, Theo Vos, Daniel R Hogan, Michael Gagnon, Mohsen Naghavi, Ali Mokdad, Nazma Begum, Razibuzzaman Shah, Muhammad Karyana, Soewarta Kosen, Mario Reyna Farje, Gilberto Moncada, Arup Dutta, Sunil Sazawal, Andrew Dyer, Jason Seiler, Victor Aboyans, Lesley Baker, Amanda Baxter, Emelia J Benjamin, Kavi Bhalla, Aref Bin Abdulhak, Fiona Blyth, Rupert Bourne, Tasanee Braithwaite, Peter Brooks, Traolach S Brugha, Claire Bryan-Hancock, Rachelle Buchbinder, Peter Burney, Bianca Calabria, Honglei Chen, Sumeet S Chugh, Rebecca Cooley, Michael H Criqui, Marita Cross, Kaustubh C Dabhadkar, Nabila Dahodwala, Adrian Davis, Louisa Degenhardt, Cesar Díaz-Torné, E Ray Dorsey, Tim Driscoll, Karen Edmond, Alexis Elbaz, Majid Ezzati, Valery Feigin, Cleusa P Ferri, Abraham D Flaxman, Louise Flood, Marlene Fransen, Kana Fuse, Belinda J Gabbe, Richard F Gillum, Juanita Haagsma, James E Harrison, Rasmus Havmoeller, Roderick J Hay, Abdullah Hel-Baqui, Hans W Hoek, Howard Hoffman, Emily Hogeland, Damian Hoy, Deborah Jarvis, Jost B Jonas, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Lisa Marie Knowlton, Tim Lathlean, Janet L Leasher, Stephen S Lim, Steven E Lipshultz, Alan D Lopez, Rafael Lozano, Ronan Lyons, Reza Malekzadeh, Wagner Marcenes, Lyn March, David J Margolis, Neil McGill, John McGrath, George A Mensah, Ana-Claire Meyer, Catherine Michaud, Andrew Moran, Rintaro Mori, Michele E Murdoch, Luigi Naldi, Charles R Newton, Rosana Norman, Saad B Omer, Richard Osborne, Neil Pearce, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, Norberto Perico, Konrad Pesudovs, David Phillips, Farshad Pourmalek, Martin Prince, Jürgen T Rehm, Guiseppe Remuzzi, Kathryn Richardson, Robin Room, Sukanta Saha, Uchechukwu Sampson, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, Maria Segui-Gomez, Saeid Shahraz, Kenji Shibuya, David Singh, Karen Sliwa, Emma Smith, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Timothy Steiner, Wilma A Stolk, Lars Jacob Stovner, Christopher Sudfeld, Hugh R Taylor, Imad M Tleyjeh, Marieke J van der Werf, Wendy L Watson, David J Weatherall, Robert Weintraub, Marc G Weisskopf, Harvey Whiteford, James D Wilkinson, Anthony D Woolf, Zhi-Jie Zheng, Christopher JL Murray
Journal: The Lancet (2012)
Combined oral and nasal beclomethasone diproprionate in children with atopic eczema: a randomised controlled trial.
Authors: R J Heddle, J F Soothill, C J Bulpitt, D J Atherton
Journal: BMJ (1984)

In a double blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial in 26 children with severe atopic eczema those receiving four weeks' treatment with combined oral plus nasal beclomethasone diproprionate improved significantly more than those receiving placebo. No adverse effects were observed, but 24 hour urinary cortisol excretion was slightly reduced. This combination may provide effective treatment in refractory atopic eczema with relatively little of the danger associated with systemic administration of prednisolone and other traditional corticosteroids.
Defective blood glucose counter-regulation in diabetics is a selective form of autonomic neuropathy.
Authors: L V Campbell, E W Kraegen, L Lazarus
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Administration of a low-dose insulin infusion to normal subjects results in a mild drop in blood glucose concentration (1.1 mmol/1 (20 mg/100 ml)) and the resetting of the basal glucose at the lower concentration. Clinical hypoglycaemia does not develop, and there is a significant release of glucagon, growth hormone, and cortisol. A similar infusion in insulin-requiring diabetics results in hypoglycaemia accompanied by a release of growth hormone and cortisol but no significant release of glucagon. Subsequently giving arginine to these patients results in a significant release of glucagon, indicating that the alpha cell is intact and can respond to local, direct stimulation. In one patient the defect in glucagon response to impending hypoglycaemia developed after two years' insulin treatment. This type of dissociated response' of the alpha cell has been reported in animals after denervation of the pancreas, and insulin-requiring diabetics may develop a selective form of autonomic neuropathy affecting the vagal control of glucagon release.
Clinical research under the cosh again
Authors: Charles Warlow
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Summary</h3> <h3>Background and objectives</h3> Estimates of the effect of estimated GFR (eGFR) decline on mortality have focused on populations with normal kidney function, or have included limited information on factors previously shown to influence the risk of death among patients with CKD. <h3>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements</h3> We retrospectively assessed the effect of rate of eGFR decline on survival of patients with CKD receiving primary care through a large integrated health care system in central Pennsylvania between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2009. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 15,465 patients were followed for a median of 3.4 years. Median rates of eGFR change by those in the lower, middle, and upper tertiles of eGFR slope were −4.8, −0.6, and 3.5 ml/min per 1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/yr, respectively. In Cox proportional hazard modeling for time to death, adjusted for baseline proteinuria, changes in nutritional parameters, and episodes of acute kidney injury during follow-up (among other covariates), the hazard ratio for those in the lower (declining) and upper (increasing) eGFR tertiles (relative to the middle, or stable, tertile) was 1.84 and 1.42, respectively. Longitudinal changes in nutritional status as well as episodes of acute kidney injury attenuated the risk only modestly. These findings were consistent across subgroups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> eGFR change over time adds prognostic information to traditional mortality risk predictors among patients with CKD. The utility of incorporating eGFR trends into patient-risk assessment should be further investigated.
Selective transgene expression for detection and elimination of contaminating carcinoma cells in hematopoietic stem cell sources.
Authors: L Chen, M Pulsipher, D Chen, C Sieff, A Elias, H A Fine, D W Kufe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Tumor contamination of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) may affect the outcome of patients receiving high dose chemotherapy with autologous transplantation of hematopoietic stem cell products. In this report, we demonstrate that replication defective adenoviral vectors containing the cytomegalovirus (CMV) or DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-selective promoter can be used to selectively transduce contaminating carcinoma cells. Adenoviral-mediated reporter gene expression in breast cancer cells was five orders of magnitude higher than that found in BM, PB, and CD34+ cells. Our results demonstrate that CD34+ cells have low to undetectable levels of integrins responsible for adenoviral internalization. We show that adenoviral-mediated transduction of a reporter gene can detect one breast cancer cell in 5 x 10(5) BM or PB cells with a vector containing the DF3/MUC1 promoter. We also show that transduction of the HSV-tk gene for selective killing by ganciclovir can be exploited for purging cancer cells from hematopoietic stem cell populations. The selective expression of TK followed by ganciclovir treatment resulted in the elimination of 6-logs of contaminating cancer cells. By contrast, there was little effect on CFU-GM and BFU-E formulation or on long term culture initiating cells. These results indicate that adenoviral vectors with a tumor-selective promoter provide a highly efficient and effective approach for the detection and purging of carcinoma cells in hematopoietic stem cell preparations.
LIN28B-mediated expression of fetal hemoglobin and production of fetal-like erythrocytes from adult human erythroblasts ex vivo
Authors: Y. Terry Lee, Jaira F. de Vasconcellos, Joan Yuan, Colleen Byrnes, Seung-Jae Noh, Emily R. Meier, Ki Soon Kim, Antoinette Rabel, Megha Kaushal, Stefan A. Muljo, Jeffery L. Miller
Journal: Blood (2013)
REAC/TS handles 'hot' topics
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Website of the week: Men's health
Authors: M. Mullner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

As I searched for men's health related websites, it seemed to me that men were mainly concerned with hair growth, penis enlargement, smart eating, and better weightlifting. We are concerned with things that do not matter but not enough with those that do. Are men's obsessions with genital size and body shape a symptom of our image dominated culture? adbusters.org/spoofads/fashion/obsession-m, which is one of a clever collection of spoof ads, offers a witty reflection on this.

The US based Men's Health Network (www.menshealthnetwork.org) says that men's health and wellbeing are deteriorating steadily because of a lack of awareness, poor health education, and culturally induced behaviour patterns. Even though we'd rather ignore it, violence is a male problem. Men are responsible for most of the structural and individual violence in society. Those who suffer as a result are women, children, and, not surprisingly, men.

The Men's Health Network also provides links to US vital statistics. In 1998, the age adjusted death rate for males of all races was 1.6 times that for females. In 1995 drowning was the seventh leading cause among injury related deaths in the US and males drowned four times as often as females in every age group (blacks twice as often as whites). Deaths from fires among males are 1.5 times higher than among females. For more recent, UK based data, visit www.menshealthforum.org.uk

The Centers for Disease Control, always an invaluable source for those who love numbers, also devotes a slot to men's health issues (www.cdc.gov/health/mensmenu.htm). I found the mortality maps fascinating, but you would need speedy internet access, or something to do on the side while waiting for the maps to download, because these files are rather large.

Worldwide there is an increasing number of serious men's health related organisations carrying out important work in the community, and a good way to find them is via the web. Gay Men's Health (www.gmhp.demon.co.uk) particularly emphasises local projects and networking, and people from the Men's Health Forum visit pubs and betting shops to screen the most vulnerable men in their normal settings.
Global Govern-Mentality?
Authors: Katherine Irene Pettus
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

"Global Govern-Mentality?." The American Journal of Bioethics, 12(12), pp. 61–62 Notes 1. And not just artistic and religious geniuses: Charles Darwin and Richard Hawkins are but two examples of great scientists whose lives were/are configured by severe ill-health.
Gynaecological problems should continue to be treated in primary care initially
Authors: C. J Seamark, D. A Seamark
Journal: BMJ (1996)

proportion of patients requiring high depend- ency and intensive care.To accommodate the additional emergency caseload we have returned about one third of elective cases, scheduled for high dependency care on the unit, direct to the ward.This has put additional strain on the ward staff.Cancellations of elective surgery requiring postoperative intensive care have unavoidably increased.Our experience highlights the underprovision of intensive care beds in the south east ofEngland.We welcome the recent announcement by the secre- tary of state for health of increased provision of intensive care services,' but in the neurosciences we think that it may be too little too late.