tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fatal anaphylaxis with neuromuscular blocking agents: a risk factor and management analysis
Authors: M. Reitter, N. Petitpain, C. Latarche, J. Cottin, N. Massy, P. Demoly, P. Gillet, P. M. Mertes
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Anaphylactic reactions to neuromuscular blocking agents ( NMBA s) can be severe and even fatal. Our aim was to evaluate mortality rate in F rance from anaphylactic reactions to NMBA s, to identify risk factors for a fatal outcome, and to describe management of the cases that proved fatal. Methods The F rench N ational P harmacovigilance D atabase was queried for reports of NMBA anaphylaxis that occurred between J anuary 2000 and D ecember 2011. A questionnaire was sent to regional pharmacovigilance centers to obtain further information on the management of cases with a fatal outcome. Results Two thousand and twenty‐two cases of NMBA hypersensitivity were retrieved, of which 84 were fatal (4.1%). Among the 1247 cases of severe NMBA anaphylaxis (grades 3 and 4), independent risk factors associated with a fatal outcome in a multivariate analysis were male gender (female gender: OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.7; P = 0.0004), an emergency setting ( OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.5–4.6; P = 0.0007), a history of hypertension ( OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.5–4.4; P = 0.0010) or of other cardiovascular disease ( OR = 4.4; 95% CI 2.4–8.1; P &lt; 0.0001), obesity ( OR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.1–5.3; P = 0.0376), and ongoing beta‐blocker treatment ( OR = 4.2; 95% CI 1.8–9.8; P = 0.0011). All 31 patients with a fatal outcome received epinephrine in a titrated manner according to international guidelines. Conclusion Obese males with a history of cardiovascular disease receiving ongoing beta‐blocker treatment and undergoing surgery in an emergency setting were at high risk of a fatal outcome after NMBA ‐induced anaphylaxis. Some epinephrine‐resistant cases may play a role in our high mortality rate. New therapeutic approaches need to be developed to treat these cases.
Old Disease, Innovative Response
Authors: Samir S. Shah, Matthew M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Daniel Bronson-Lowe, PhD; Shoana M. Anderson, MPHObjective To examine the impact of a minimum interval schedule for administering diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) in infants during a statewide pertussis outbreak on receipt of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).
			Design Retrospective cohort study using the state immunization registry.
			Setting Arizona.
			Participants Arizona children born between February 1 and September 30, 2005, who received their initial DTaP dose during a statewide pertussis outbreak (N = 45 129).
			Main Exposures Children who received at least 1 dose of DTaP on the minimum interval schedule (minimum interval group) compared with children who received all doses of DTaP on the standard childhood and adolescent immunization schedule (standard group).
			Outcome Measures Timing and receipt of 3 doses of the DTaP, IPV, and PCV.
			Results Compared with children in the standard group, children in the minimum interval group were more likely to receive 3 doses of DTaP (relative risk, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-1.35), 3 doses of IPV (1.27; 1.25-1.29), and 3 doses of PCV (1.37; 1.35-1.39).
			Conclusion Recommending a minimum interval DTaP schedule during a statewide pertussis outbreak had a positive association with the receipt of IPV and PCV, 2 vaccines normally administered at the same time as DTaP.
The Hemophilias — From Royal Genes to Gene Therapy
Authors: Pier M. Mannucci, Edward G.D. Tuddenham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Of the various types of hemophilia, the most common of these lifelong bleeding disorders are due to an inherited deficiency of factor VIII or factor IX (Table 1). The genes for these blood coagulation factors lie on the X chromosome, and when mutated, they cause the X-linked recessive traits hemophilia A and B. Since these disorders are X-linked, they usually occur in males. Usually, the affected boy has inherited the mutant gene (XH ) from his carrier mother (X H/X ), but about 30 percent of cases arise from a spontaneous mutation, and there is . . .
The Diabetes in Early Pregnancy Study: beta-hydroxybutyrate levels in type 1 diabetic pregnancy compared with normal pregnancy. NICHD-Diabetes in Early Pregnancy Study Group (DIEP). National Institute of Child Health and Development.
Authors: L Jovanovic, B E Metzger, R H Knopp, M R conley, E Park, Y J Lee, J L Simpson, L Holmes, J H Aarons, J L Mills
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess relationships between beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB) level and pregnancy outcome in human pregnancy in light of the fact that high levels of beta-OHB cause malformations and growth retardation in in vitro studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed beta-OHB in prospectively collected specimens from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-Diabetes in Early Pregnancy Study, in gestational weeks 6-12 in diabetic (n = 204-239) and nondiabetic (n = 316-332) pregnant women. RESULTS: Levels of beta-OHB in diabetic women were 2.5-fold higher than in nondiabetic pregnant women at 6 weeks' gestation and declined to 1.6-fold above nondiabetic women by 12 weeks' gestation (P &amp;lt; 0.0001 at all times). beta-OHB was positively correlated with glucose levels (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) in diabetic mothers, probably reflecting degree of diabetic control. beta-OHB correlated inversely with glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.0003) (gestational week 6 only) in nondiabetic mothers, possibly reflecting caloric intake. beta-OHB tended to be lower (not higher) in diabetic and nondiabetic mothers with malformed infants or pregnancy losses, but the difference was not statistically significant. beta-OHB in diabetic mothers at 8, 10, and 12 weeks correlated inversely with birth weight (P = 0.004-0.02), even after adjusting for maternal glucose levels. beta-OHB levels were also generally lower in diabetic mothers of macrosomic infants, and week 12 ultrasound crown-rump measurements were inversely related to beta-OHB levels. CONCLUSIONS: The lst trimester beta-OHB is significantly higher in diabetic than nondiabetic pregnant women. In both groups, beta-OHB tended to be lower, not higher, in mothers who had a malformed infant or pregnancy loss. beta-OHB was inversely related to crown-rump length and birth weight. The modest beta-OHB elevation in the 1st trimester of reasonably well-controlled diabetic pregnancy is not associated with malformations, probably because beta-OHB levels causing malformations in embryo culture models are 20- to 40-fold higher. The mechanism of the beta-OHB association with impaired fetal growth is unknown.
The Divergence of Chimpanzee Species and Subspecies as Revealed in Multipopulation Isolation-with-Migration Analyses
Authors: J. Hey
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

The divergence of bonobos and three subspecies of the common chimpanzee was examined under a multipopulation isolation-with-migration (IM) model with data from 73 loci drawn from the literature. A benefit of having a full multipopulation model, relative to conducting multiple pairwise analyses between sampled populations, is that a full model can reveal historical gene flow involving ancestral populations. An example of this was found in which gene flow is indicated between the western common chimpanzee subspecies and the ancestor of the central and the eastern common chimpanzee subspecies. The results of a full analysis on all four populations are strongly consistent with analyses on pairs of populations and generally similar to results from previous studies. The basal split between bonobos and common chimpanzees was estimated at 0.93 Ma (0.68–1.54 Ma, 95% highest posterior density interval), with the split among the ancestor of three common chimpanzee populations at 0.46 Ma (0.35–0.65), and the most recent split between central and eastern common chimpanzee populations at 0.093 Ma (0.041–0.157). Population size estimates mostly fell in the range from 5,000 to 10,000 individuals. The exceptions are the size of the ancestor of the common chimpanzee and the bonobo, at 17,000 (8,000–28,000) individuals, and the central common chimpanzee and its immediate ancestor with the eastern common chimpanzee, which have effective size estimates at 27,000 (16,000–44,000) and 32,000 (19,000–54,000) individuals, respectively.
The Relationship of Alterations in Systolic Time Intervals to Ejection Fraction in Patients with Cardiac Disease
Authors: CLIFFORD L. GARRARD, ARNOLD M. WEISSLER, HAROLD T. DODGE
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The relationships between the systolic time intervals determined from simultaneous recordings of the electrocardiogram, the phonocardiogram, the carotid arterial pulse tracing, and direct measures of left ventricular performance as assessed angiographically by measurement of left ventricular stroke volume (SV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and ejection fraction (EF) were studied in 68 patients with a wide variety of cardiac diseases. The systolic intervals, the pre-ejection period (PEP), the left ventricular ejection time (LVET), and the ratio PEP/LVET, each correlated significantly with angiographically determined EF and EDV. Closest correlation was observed between PEP/LVET and EF (r = -0.90). The systolic intervals correlated only slightly with the angiographically determined SV. These data lend additional evidence supporting the use of systolic time intervals as a non-invasive measure of left ventricular performance in patients with cardiac disease.
Public Health Emergencies and Legal Standards of Care—Reply
Authors: James G. Hodge
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography
Authors: H. A. Kidd
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Visualization of the hepatic and biliary ducts is difficult to obtain before operation when the gall bladder has either been removed or does not function. The use of sodium iodipamide (Biligrafin) by intravenous injection is sometimes satisfactory but is not satisfactory in the presence of jaundice and liver failure. A needle may, however, be introduced into the hepatic ducts by passing it through the skin and the liver, and when the duct system has been entered and bile aspirated, idopyracet (Diodone) may be injected and will give a satisfactory visualization of the ducts. This method has been used in a number of cases and with proper technique will show the site and nature of the obstruction; it also allows the pressure in the bile ducts to be recorded, and specimens of bile taken for chemical and bacteriologic investigation.  Carter and Saypol (1952), with the patient under general anesthesia, injected ducts
A NEW TREATMENT FOR UNDEVELOPED LOWER JAW
Authors: W. T. COUGHLIN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Miss T., aged 22 (Fig. 1), consulted me for facial deformity in July, 1922, having been referred by Dr. R. J. Lynch of Des Moines, Iowa. She had been engaged in teaching, but had given up this occupation because her deformity exposed her to ridicule. She was extremely down hearted and had worried greatly over her condition, which she had considered hopeless. The story was that she had been blind during the first year of her life and was not able to hold up her head: It hung down. Teething and talking developed at the usual ages. She walked first at 18 or 20 months. At 5 years of age, it was noticed that the lower part of the face was small. At 13, she had a nervous breakdown and since that time had had more or less stiffness of the neck, pain over the back of the head, and
Guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration for Study of New Drugs in Human Subjects
Authors: J. RICHARD CROUT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The Food and Drug Administration recently has published general guidelines for the clinical evaluation of drugs used in adults and in infants and children. Specific guidelines for a number of drug classes, including anti-infective drugs, are also available. Marketing approval of a new drug requires that its benefits be judged to exceed its risks, that it be accurately and truthfully labeled, and that it be manufactured properly. Foreign studies are commonly accepted in support of new drugs, but approval requires at least one domestic trial unless the disease does not occur in the United States (for example, tropical diseases).
<i>CCR</i> 20th Anniversary Commentary: The Development of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtyping
Authors: Torsten O. Nielsen, Charles M. Perou
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract In the August 15, 2004, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, Nielsen and colleagues demonstrated how a cancer subtype identified by gene expression profiling could be validated using a widely accessible technology (immunohistochemistry). This opened the door to large-scale studies of archival cohorts and clinical trials, which allowed detailed clinical understanding of a new genomic discovery. Clin Cancer Res; 21(8); 1779–81. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Nielsen et al., Clin Cancer Res 2004;10(16) Aug 15, 2004;5367–74
MPs blame government for wasteful system of assessing fitness to work
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

MPs have accused the UK Department of Work and Pensions of causing avoidable "misery and hardship" to thousands of benefit claimants who are too sick to work, by putting them through work capability assessments.People with mental health problems or rare or variable conditions were especially likely to be penalised by the "one size fits all" tick box process, said the report published by the Public Accounts Committee on 8 February. 1The system's inflexibility made it "extremely difficult for individuals with particular conditions to demonstrate the impact of their conditions on their ability to work," it said, and the stressfulness of the process could have a further detrimental effect on applicants' health.Work capability assessments are used to assess applications for Employment and Support Allowance, the benefit brought in to replace Incapacity Benefit in 2008.The work has been outsourced to the private sector since 1998.In 2011-12 Atos Healthcare was paid £112.4m(€132m; $177m) to carry out 738 000 assessments, many of which were reassessments of people receiving Incapacity Benefit with a view to moving them to either Employment and Support Allowance or the lower Job Seeker's Allowance if they were found fit for work.
CLINICAL LABORATORY METHODS IN METABOLIC DISEASES
Authors: A. D. T. Mouillot
Journal: BMJ (1915)

ijto a; filtre-specimei-of .normalhuman blood in salina showed in forty-eight hours a growth suggesting.invlutionforms, which were .rounded,ovoid; and dumb-bell shaped.Gram-negative and Gram-positive forms were both present.A control specimen of filtered normal blood in saline gave no organisms.During this period of.forty-eight hours the incubated filtrate was examined twice, and the clusters of indeterminable morphology at the end of this time
Abstract 2516: Antitumor effects of TAK-733, a novel MEK1/2 inhibitor, against mesothelioma cells
Authors: Hiroshi Miyake, Shuntarou Tsuchiya, Takashi Hoshino, Akira Hori, Patrick W. Vincent
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a highly aggressive tumor characterized by local invasion of the pleura and metastasis, and is regarded as an almost incurable cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. Various cytokines and growth factors are reported to play important roles in the physiology of MM, possibly through MEK/ERK cascade. Thus, antitumor effects of TAK-733, a highly potent, selective, and non-ATP competitive inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), were investigated against MM cell lines, NCI-H226, MSTO-211H, NCI-H2052, NCI-H2452, and NCI-H28 harboring wild-type KRAS and BRAF and display moderate levels of basal ERK phosphorylation. TAK-733 completely inhibited the ERK phosphorylation of 5 mesothelioma cell lines at 1-10 nM. TAK-733 also inhibited the proliferation of these cell lines in a dose dependent manner (IC50 = 4.9-240 nM). Treatment with TAK-733 clearly induced G1 cell cycle arrest with cyclin D1 down regulation and without up regulation of cleaved PARP in NCI-H226 and MSTO-211H cells. Once daily, oral administration of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg TAK-733 potently inhibited the tumor growth of MSTO-211H xenograft in nude mice with T/C values of 31, 8, and −4% (T/C: treated per control on tumor volume growth over treatment period), respectively, with good tolerability. TAK-733 also showed potent antitumor activities against NCI-H226 and NCI-H2052 xenografts. Additionally, in an intrapleural MSTO-211H xenograft nude mouse model, daily oral administration of 3 and 10 mg/kg TAK-733 for 14 days significantly increased survival. These results demonstrate that TAK-733 is useful for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma with an activate MEK-ERK pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2516.
Propranolol disposition in cirrhosis.
Authors: D B Jones
Journal: Gut (1985)

Propranolol disposition in cirrhosis SIR,-The study by Arthur et al (Gut 1985; 26: 14-19) calls attention to the potential dangers of the use of propranolol in patients with cirrhosis, because of the alteration of the drug's pharmacokinetics.After oral administration, the pharmacokinetics of propranolol conform to the venous equilibrium model of hepatic clearance;' its elimination is thus
Enzymatic Defect in Fabry's Disease
Authors: Roscoe O. Brady, Andrew E. Gal, Roy M. Bradley, Erik Martensson, Andrew L. Warshaw, Leonard Laster
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

FABRY'S disease is a hereditary systemic disorder that was first recognized in affected males as a disease characterized by multiple small dark-purple macules and papules in the umbilical region, scrotum and other areas.1 Initially, attention was paid primarily toward these dermatologic manifestations, and the disease was designated angiokeratoma corporis diffusum universale. As the systemic nature of the disorder became apparent, the patients were found to have a lipid material deposited throughout the body. The lipid was at first regarded as a phospholipid, but it has recently been shown to be a neutral glycolipid.2 The abnormal gene responsible for this lipidosis . . .
The Frank Vectorcardiogram and the Electrocardiogram in Duchenne Progressive Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: CHARLES W. FITCH, LORIN E. AINGER
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Electrocardiograms and Frank vectorcardiograms from 44 patients with classical childhood progressive muscular dystrophy (Duchenne type) were analyzed. Seventy-seven per cent had definite electrocardiographic abnormalities. All had one and usually several vectorcardiographic abnormalities. Abnormalities in orientation, magnitude, or both, of the planar and spatial ventricular gradients were the most consistent of the vectorcardiographic abnormalities and were observed in 95% of the patients. This finding is of significance if this vector theoretically reflects diffuse myocardial disease at the cellular level. QRS changes, in general, reflected the relatively greater loss of posterior ventricular force with consequent exaggeration of anterior ventricular force. There was no demonstrable relationship between the electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic abnormalities with the age of the patient and the severity and rapidity of clinical progression of the disease in patients less than 16 years of age. This study suggests that the vectorcardiogram may be a useful diagnostic adjunct to the standard electrocardiogram in the study of the cardiomyopathy of progressive muscular dystrophy in childhood.
Intraoperative Laparoscopic Fluorescence Guidance to the Sentinel Lymph Node in Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Proof of Concept of an Integrated Functional Imaging Approach Using a Multimodal Tracer
Authors: Henk G. van der Poel, Tessa Buckle, Oscar R. Brouwer, Renato A. Valdés Olmos, Fijs W.B. van Leeuwen
Journal: European Urology (2011)
OBSTRUCTIVE HYDROCEPHALUS DURING COURSE OF CEREBROSPINAL FEVER CURED BY VENTRICULAR PUNCTURE AND INTRAVENTRICULAR INSTILLATION OF SERUM
Authors: Arthur J. Antenucci
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Obstructive hydrocephalus occurring during the course of meningococcic meningitis is quite unusual today with the present methods of diagnosis and treatment. Rarer still is a favorable outcome when such a condition supervenes. In such a case one has to deal with a closed infection of the cerebral ventricles—an ependymitis or a pyocephaly—and the logical course would seem to be to puncture the ventricles, relieve pressure and administer specific serum. Signs of cerebral compression, stupor, increased headache and choked disk, may occur with considerable abruptness in the course of an infection that has seemed to be progressing favorably, and not infrequently late in the disease. Cushing and Sladen<sup>1</sup>in 1908 reported such a case in an infant, aged 6 months, long after the primary infection, and in whom meningococci were demonstrated in the ventricular fluid, while the spinal fluid was found to be sterile. After repeated ventricular tapping and intraventricular
Medical editors issue guidance on ghost writing
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The World Association of Medical Editors has tightened its policy on ghost writing of medical research papers after a US journal highlighted what it alleges were illegitimate ghost writing practices, although it has been denied that the paper in question was an example of the practice.

Ghost writing, says the association, is “unacceptable.” But it accepts that professional medical writers can be legitimate contributors to an article and says that their roles and affiliations should always be described in the manuscript.

“Ghost writing initiated by industry is a big concern,” said Robert Fletcher, chairman of the association's editorial policy board and professor of ambulatory care and prevention at Harvard Medical School. “When it is undetected, it distorts the scientific record, substituting marketing and persuasion for the balanced exchange of views and the search for sound answers that characterise the contents of medical journals at their best.”

Dr …