tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fate of extrahepatic human stem and precursor cells after transplantation into mouse livers
Authors: Marc Brulport, Wiebke Schormann, Alexander Bauer, Matthias Hermes, Carolin Elsner, Friedrich Jakob Hammersen, Walter Beerheide, Dimitry Spitkovsky, Wolfgang Härtig, Andreas Nussler, Lars Christian Horn, Jeanett Edelmann, Oliver Pelz-Ackermann, Jörg Petersen, Manja Kamprad, Marc von Mach, Amelie Lupp, Henryk Zulewski, Jan G. Hengstler
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

In recent years, a large number of groups studied the fate of human stem cells in livers of immunodeficient animals. However, the interpretation of the results is quite controversial. We transplanted 4 different types of human extrahepatic precursor cells (derived from cord blood, monocytes, bone marrow, and pancreas) into livers of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Human hepatocytes were used as positive controls. Tracking of the transplanted human cells could be achieved by in situ hybridization with alu probes. Cells with alu -positive nuclei stained positive for human albumin and glycogen. Both markers were negative before transplantation. However, cells with alu -positive nuclei did not show a hepatocyte-like morphology and did not express cytochrome P450 3A4, and this suggests that these cells represent a mixed cell type possibly resulting from partial transdifferentiation. Using antibodies specific for human albumin, we also observed a second human albumin–positive cell type that could be clearly distinguished from the previously described cells by its hepatocyte-like morphology. Surprisingly, these cells had a mouse and not a human nucleus which is explained by transdifferentiation of human cells. Although it has not yet been formally proven, we suggest horizontal gene transfer as a likely mechanism, especially because we observed small fragments of human nuclei in mouse cells that originated from deteriorating transplanted cells. Qualitatively similar results were obtained with all 4 human precursor cell types through different routes of administration with and without the induction of liver damage. Conclusion: We observed evidence not for transdifferentiation but instead for a complex situation including partial differentiation and possibly horizontal gene transfer. (Hepatology 2007.)
Pills, thrills, and bellyaches
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Drug safety, regulation, and happiness continue to dominate the health agenda. Last summer, New York's district attorney Elliot Spitzer forced GlaxoSmithKline to publish undisclosed trial results of paroxetine ( BMJ 2004;328: 1513). US and European drug regulators reassessed the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to treat depression in children—a condition that some psychiatrists argue should not be treated with drugs (p 418). In October the US Food and Drug Administration directed manufacturers to include a “black box” label warning about all antidepressants and risk of suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts in children.

It isn't just SSRIs that have taken a …
CITED2 links hormonal signaling to PGC-1α acetylation in the regulation of gluconeogenesis
Authors: Mashito Sakai, Michihiro Matsumoto, Tomoko Tujimura, Cao Yongheng, Tetsuya Noguchi, Kenjiro Inagaki, Hiroshi Inoue, Tetsuya Hosooka, Kazuo Takazawa, Yoshiaki Kido, Kazuki Yasuda, Ryuji Hiramatsu, Yasushi Matsuki, Masato Kasuga
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Philip Goldwasser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters19 October 1999Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration RatePhilip Goldwasser, MDPhilip Goldwasser, MDBrooklyn Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Brooklyn, NY 11209 (Goldwasser)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-8-199910190-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In supplying a rationale for the inclusion of race as a factor in a new predictive equation for GFR, Levey and colleagues (1) cite only their unpublished observation that black ethnicity is associated with a higher creatinine excretion rate. In fact, this finding was previously reported in both healthy persons and patients with renal disease, as was a predictive equation that adjusts for race and age (2-4).The loss of muscle mass is a well-known consequence of uremia. Because the difference in creatinine excretion between black and white persons may widen with progressive renal insufficiency (2-4), it ...References1. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:461-70. LinkGoogle Scholar2. James GD, Sealy JE, Alderman M, Ljungman S, Mueller FB, Pecker MS, et al . A longitudinal study of urinary creatinine and creatinine clearance in normal subjects: race, sex, and age differences. Am J Hypertens. 1988;1:124-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Goldwasser P, Aboul-Magd A, Maru M. Race and creatinine excretion in chronic renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;30:16-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Jungers P, Lacoux B, Vassauly A, Barthélémy A, Vivien JN, Delons D. Serum creatinine concentration in chronic hemodialysis patients: higher predialytic levels in black males [Letter]. Clin Nephrol. 1993;40:118-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Brooklyn, NY 11209 (Goldwasser) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA More Accurate Method To Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine: A New Prediction Equation Andrew S. Levey , Juan P. Bosch , Julia Breyer Lewis , Tom Greene , Nancy Rogers , David Roth , and Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Yuichi Ando and Yoshinori Hasegawa Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Andrew S. Levey and Tom Greene Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Robert Matz Metrics 19 October 1999Volume 131, Issue 8Page: 629KeywordsCreatinineDatabasesExcretionGlomerular filtration rateMusclesRacial and ethnic issuesRenal diseases Issue Published: 19 October 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A 68 year old woman with deteriorating hearing
Authors: N. Ronan, G. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A 68 year old woman presented to the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinic with gradually worsening bilateral hearing loss over at least the past five years. This was associated with some non-intrusive tinnitus but no other otological symptoms, history of vertigo, or associated systemic problems. She found that she was increasing the TV volume to a level that her family found uncomfortable, and she had started to avoid social situations because she struggled to hear conversation among the background noise. Her medical history was unremarkable except for well controlled hypertension, for which she was taking amlodipine. She also had no history of excessive noise exposure, no previous otological problems, and no family history of note.

The results of an ENT examination were unremarkable, with normal ear canals and tympanic membranes bilaterally. Tympanometry was also normal in both ears.

A pure tone audiogram was obtained ⇓.



Pure tone audiogram showing air conduction thresholds (“x” for the left ear and “o” for the right ear). The unmasked bone conduction threshold is indicated by ∆ 





### 1. What is the likely diagnosis?

#### Short answer

Given the patient’s age, the insidious …
Survival in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  The statement by Hinkes and Plotkin (223:1490, 1973) that perhaps 0.1% to 1% of patients with acute leukemia survive five or more  gives an erroneously bleak outlook. No longer is the fiveyear survivor a rarity. Recently, Ingelfinger quoted the Director of the National Cancer Institute who said that 50 per cent of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (who get) optimal treatment survive at least five years today. Tragically, only 15 per cent of the children afflicted get optimal treatment. 1 In an editorial reply, the Chairman of the Acute Leukemia Group B (ALGB) indicated that the ALGB data support the contention that 50 per cent of children now under optimal treatment as it is known today should survive for at least five years. 2 The directions in abbreviated form for such optimal treatment were then appended. 2   The experience of ALGB is not unique. Other cancer cooperative
Epidermal cytokines and their roles in cutaneous wound healing
Authors: I.A. MCKAY, I.M. LEIGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Epidermal cytokines and their roles in cutaneous wound healing Get access I.A. MCKAY, I.A. MCKAY Department of Experimental Dermatology, London Hospital Medical College, 56 Ashfield St, London E1 2BL, U. K. Dr I.A. McKay. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.M. LEIGH I.M. LEIGH Department of Experimental Dermatology, London Hospital Medical College, 56 Ashfield St, London E1 2BL, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 6, 1 June 1991, Pages 513–518, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb04942.x Published: 01 June 1991
Penicillinase-Producing<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>— A Retrospective
Authors: William M. McCormack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Five years ago, I wrote an editorial for the Journal on the treatment of infections due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.1 Strains of N. gonorrhoeae that produced penicillinase (penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae, or PPNG) had just been described. These isolates were almost completely resistant to treatment with penicillin2 and were a cause of great concern among clinicians and public-health personnel. The editorial asked two somewhat rhetorical questions: First, would PPNG become so prevalent in the United States that it would render penicillin obsolete for the treatment of gonorrhea? (Penicillin had already become obsolete for this purpose in some areas of the . . .
Hematopoietic vs Embryonic Sources for Stem Cell Research
Authors: Steven Teitelbaum
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood Glucose in the Neonate and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Marvin Cornblath, Salomon H. Reisner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

LEVELS of total reducing substance, true sugar and glucose have been measured in the blood of newborn infants since 1911. The early reports have been reviewed by Norval et al.1 , 2 Although an extensive literature exists, there is still disagreement over which levels of blood sugar are normal in the neonate and which are hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic. Much of this confusion results from differences in technics in collecting, precipitating and analyzing the sugar, as well as the duration of fasting before sampling. An attempt will be made to explain the differences in reported results, to present current data for normal ranges . . .
Sirolimus is associated with veno-occlusive disease of the liver after myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Corey Cutler, Kristen Stevenson, Haesook T. Kim, Paul Richardson, Vincent T. Ho, Erica Linden, Carolyn Revta, Ruth Ebert, Diane Warren, Sung Choi, John Koreth, Philippe Armand, Edwin Alyea, Shelly Carter, Mary Horowitz, Joseph H. Antin, Robert Soiffer
Journal: Blood (2008)
Life-threatening delayed-onset bleeding after endoscopic ultrasound-guided 19-gauge Trucut needle biopsy of a gastric stromal tumor
Authors: H. Inoue, N. Mizuno, A. Sawaki, K. Takahashi, M. Aoki, V. Bhatia, K. Matuura, T. Tabata, K. Yamao
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided Trucut needle biopsy (EUS-TNB) is new technique for evaluation and diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors [1] [2] [3]. We report here a patient who developed significant delayed-onset bleeding as a complication of EUS-TNB of a gastric stromal tumor.
Virus-like Particles Containing Multiple M2 Extracellular Domains Confer Improved Cross-protection Against Various Subtypes of Influenza Virus
Authors: Min-Chul Kim, Jae-Min Song, O Eunju, Young-Man Kwon, Youn-Jeong Lee, Richard W Compans, Sang-Moo Kang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

The extracellular domain of M2 (M2e), a small ion channel membrane protein, is well conserved among different human influenza A virus strains. To improve the protective efficacy of M2e vaccines, we genetically engineered a tandem repeat of M2e epitope sequences (M2e5x) of human, swine, and avian origin influenza A viruses, which was expressed in a membrane-anchored form and incorporated in virus-like particles (VLPs). The M2e5x protein with the transmembrane domain of hemagglutinin (HA) was effectively incorporated into VLPs at a several 100-fold higher level than that on influenza virions. Intramuscular immunization with M2e5x VLP vaccines was highly effective in inducing M2e-specific antibodies reactive to different influenza viruses, mucosal and systemic immune responses, and cross-protection regardless of influenza virus subtypes in the absence of adjuvant. Importantly, immune sera were found to be sufficient for conferring protection in naive mice, which was long-lived and cross-protective. Thus, molecular designing and presenting M2e immunogens on VLPs provide a promising platform for developing universal influenza vaccines without using adjuvants. The extracellular domain of M2 (M2e), a small ion channel membrane protein, is well conserved among different human influenza A virus strains. To improve the protective efficacy of M2e vaccines, we genetically engineered a tandem repeat of M2e epitope sequences (M2e5x) of human, swine, and avian origin influenza A viruses, which was expressed in a membrane-anchored form and incorporated in virus-like particles (VLPs). The M2e5x protein with the transmembrane domain of hemagglutinin (HA) was effectively incorporated into VLPs at a several 100-fold higher level than that on influenza virions. Intramuscular immunization with M2e5x VLP vaccines was highly effective in inducing M2e-specific antibodies reactive to different influenza viruses, mucosal and systemic immune responses, and cross-protection regardless of influenza virus subtypes in the absence of adjuvant. Importantly, immune sera were found to be sufficient for conferring protection in naive mice, which was long-lived and cross-protective. Thus, molecular designing and presenting M2e immunogens on VLPs provide a promising platform for developing universal influenza vaccines without using adjuvants.
Dependence of Hippocampal Function on ERRγ-Regulated Mitochondrial Metabolism
Authors: Liming Pei, Yangling Mu, Mathias Leblanc, William Alaynick, Grant D. Barish, Matthew Pankratz, Tiffany W. Tseng, Samantha Kaufman, Christopher Liddle, Ruth T. Yu, Michael Downes, Samuel L. Pfaff, Johan Auwerx, Fred H. Gage, Ronald M. Evans
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
General practitioners' reasons for removing patients from their lists: postal survey in England and Wales
Authors: M. Pickin
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The removal of patients from doctors' lists causes considerable public and political concern, with speculation that patients are removed for inappropriate, including financial, reasons.1 In 1999 the House of Commons Select Committee on Public Administration noted that little evidence was available on either the frequency of, or the reasons for, removal of patients.2 National statistics do not distinguish between patients removed after moving out of a practice area and those removed for other reasons. Two postal surveys have reported why general practitioners might, in general, remove patients, 3 4 and one small study has described the reasons doctors give for particular removals.5 We therefore determined the current scale of, and doctors' reasons for, removal of patients from their lists in England and Wales.

In April 2000 we sent a questionnaire to 1000 general practitioners in a random sample of practices, but to no more than one doctor per practice. Up to two reminders were …
Autoimmunity in Chagas' disease. Identification of cardiac myosin-B13 Trypanosoma cruzi protein crossreactive T cell clones in heart lesions of a chronic Chagas' cardiomyopathy patient.
Authors: E Cunha-Neto, V Coelho, L Guilherme, A Fiorelli, N Stolf, J Kalil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Heart tissue destruction in chronic Chagas' disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) may be caused by autoimmune recognition of heart tissue by a mononuclear cell infiltrate decades after Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Indirect evidence suggests there is molecular mimicry between T. cruzi and heart tissue. In murine models of CCC, antibodies and CD4+ T cells recognize myosin, the major heart protein. We recently identified a heart-specific epitope of cardiac myosin heavy chain (residues 1442-1447, AAALDK) that is crossreactive with a homologous sequence (AAAGDK) of the immunodominant T. cruzi antigen B13. Furthermore, cardiac myosin-B13 crossreactive antibodies are present in 100% CCC patients vs 14% asymptomatic T. cruzi-seropositive individuals (P = 2.3 x 10(-6)), suggesting a role for molecular mimicry between cardiac myosin and B13 in CCC pathogenesis. In this paper, we obtained heart-infiltrating T cell clones from CCC patients to assess whether molecular mimicry between cardiac myosin and B13 is directly involved in the genesis of heart lesions. We identified T cell clones derived from CCC heart lesions simultaneously responsive to cardiac myosin heavy chain (but not skeletal myosin heavy chain) and B13 T. cruzi protein, but could not find T cell clones primarily reactive to any T. cruzi antigen. Together with the association of myosin-B13 crossreactive antibodies with CCC, the present data strongly suggest the relevance of molecular mimicry between cardiac myosin and the T. cruzi protein B13 in the pathogenesis of heart lesions in chronic Chagas' disease cardiomyopathy.
Former journal editor had potential conflicts of interest in nine of 10 articles he authored
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The former editor of the Journal of Patient Safety , who resigned after a US government lawsuit alleged that he had accepted substantial payments to influence national safety guidelines, also had potential conflicts of interest in nine of 10 articles he authored in his journal, a review published by the new editors has said.

Charles Denham was named in a legal settlement last December between the government and CareFusion, producer of the antiseptic skin formulation ChloraPrep. The government alleged that his company, Health Care Concepts, received $11.6m (£7.4m; €9.4m) in contracts from CareFusion and its legal predecessor Cardinal Health.1

“The United States contends that the compensation for the underlying services in these agreements was not fair market value,” the suit alleged, “and one purpose of these contracts was to conceal kickbacks to Dr Charles Denham.”

Denham was then serving as co-chair of the National Quality Forum’s Safe Practices Committee, whose safety recommendations are …
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Risk with Common Predispositions
Authors: ALPHA A. FOWLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

A 1-year survey of patients in three hospitals identified 936 patients who had one predisposition and 57 who had several predispositions to the adult respiratory distress syndrome. From the total predisposed population of 993 patients, 68 subsequently developed the syndrome. An additional 20 patients developed the syndrome from causes other than eight identified predispositions, to bring the total of patients studied to 88. A highly significant difference (p less than 0.0001) was found in the incidence rates of the syndrome between patients with one and several predispositions (5.8 versus 24.6 per 100 patients). Within 72 hours of onset of predisposition, 89.5% of patients who developed the syndrome had been intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation. Fifty-seven of the 88 patients (64.8%) with the syndrome died. By the 14th day 90% of deaths had occurred. There were no age- or sex-specific differences in either incidence or mortality rates. Case fatality rates of the syndrome were high in all predisposed groups.
Dll4–Notch signaling in Flt3-independent dendritic cell development and autoimmunity in mice
Authors: Fabienne Billiard, Camille Lobry, Guillaume Darrasse-Jèze, Janelle Waite, Xia Liu, Hugo Mouquet, Amanda DaNave, Michelle Tait, Juliana Idoyaga, Marylène Leboeuf, Christos A. Kyratsous, Jacquelynn Burton, Julie Kalter, Apostolos Klinakis, Wen Zhang, Gavin Thurston, Miriam Merad, Ralph M. Steinman, Andrew J. Murphy, George D. Yancopoulos, Iannis Aifantis, Dimitris Skokos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2012)

Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)–Notch signaling is essential for T cell development and alternative thymic lineage decisions. How Dll4–Notch signaling affects pro-T cell fate and thymic dendritic cell (tDC) development is unknown. We found that Dll4 pharmacological blockade induces accumulation of tDCs and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the thymic cortex. Both genetic inactivation models and anti-Dll4 antibody (Ab) treatment promote de novo natural Treg cell expansion by a DC-dependent mechanism that requires major histocompatibility complex II expression on DCs. Anti-Dll4 treatment converts CD4−CD8−c-kit+CD44+CD25− (DN1) T cell progenitors to immature DCs that induce ex vivo differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Treg cells. Induction of these tolerogenic DN1-derived tDCs and the ensuing expansion of Treg cells are Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) independent, occur in the context of transcriptional up-regulation of PU.1, Irf-4, Irf-8, and CSF-1, genes critical for DC differentiation, and are abrogated in thymectomized mice. Anti-Dll4 treatment fully prevents type 1 diabetes (T1D) via a Treg cell–mediated mechanism and inhibits CD8+ T cell pancreatic islet infiltration. Furthermore, a single injection of anti-Dll4 Ab reverses established T1D. Disease remission and recurrence are correlated with increased Treg cell numbers in the pancreas-draining lymph nodes. These results identify Dll4–Notch as a novel Flt3-alternative pathway important for regulating tDC-mediated Treg cell homeostasis and autoimmunity.