tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The neurochemistry of Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia
Authors: Peter Davies
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (1983)

At this time we seem to be on the verge of opening two new fields of research on Alzheimer's disease. To treat the symptoms of this condition, an understanding of the factors regulating acetylcholine synthesis will be very important. Because of the vast amount of work on this neurotransmitter over the last 30 years, rapid progress in this area should be made. However, to truely conquer Alzheimer's disease, we need to learn what it is that attacks and apparently destroys the cholinergic neurons. While this second point may take a little more time to unravel, the work will be both exciting and very worth while.
AN ADJUSTABLE BED-FRAME
Authors: E. Victor Keller
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The Bradford bed-frame has come to be regarded as practically indispensable in the care of many surgical diseases in children requiring bed treatment; and having experienced considerable difficulty in always finding a frame of the proper width and length to fit an individual case even though a large number of frames were available, a method of adjusting the ordinary gas-pipe frame was devised. Although very simple and inexpensive, it has been found most convenient and has done away with the annoyance of having to wait until a frame could be made, as well as the expense and inconvenience of having a large number of frames constantly on hand. The following description is presented in the hope that an adjustable frame, which can easily be made to fit any average child under 15 years of age, may be of value to others. Ordinary gas-pipe is used in standard stock sizes as
HIV/AIDS Care Calls for Reallocation of Resources
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitative connection between polyglutamine aggregation kinetics and neurodegenerative process in patients with Huntington’s disease
Authors: Keizo Sugaya, Shiro Matsubara
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Despite enormous progress in elucidating the biophysics of aggregation, no cause-and-effect relationship between protein aggregation and neurodegenerative disease has been unequivocally established. Here, we derived several risk-based stochastic kinetic models that assess genotype/phenotype correlations in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat. Fascinating disease-specific aspects of HD include the polyglutamine (polyQ)-length dependence of both age at symptoms onset and the propensity of the expanded polyQ protein to aggregate. In vitro, aggregation of polyQ peptides follows a simple nucleated growth polymerization pathway. Our models that reflect polyQ aggregation kinetics in a nucleated growth polymerization divided aggregate process into the length-dependent nucleation and the nucleation-dependent elongation. In contrast to the repeat-length dependent variability of age at onset, recent studies have shown that the extent of expansion has only a subtle effect on the rate of disease progression, suggesting possible differences in the mechanisms underlying the neurodegenerative process. Using polyQ-length as an index, these procedures enabled us for the first time to establish a quantitative connection between aggregation kinetics and disease process, including onset and the rate of progression. Although the complexity of disease process in HD, the time course of striatal neurodegeneration can be precisely predicted by the mathematical model in which neurodegeneration occurs by different mechanisms for the initiation and progression of disease processes. Nucleation is sufficient to initiate neuronal loss as a series of random events in time. The stochastic appearance of nucleation in a cell population acts as the constant risk of neuronal cell damage over time, while elongation reduces the risk by nucleation in proportion to the increased extent of the aggregates during disease progression. Our findings suggest that nucleation is a critical step in gaining toxic effects to the cell, and provide a new insight into the relationship between polyQ aggregation and neurodegenerative process in HD.
Alternatively activated macrophages derived from monocytes and tissue macrophages are phenotypically and functionally distinct
Authors: Uma Mahesh Gundra, Natasha M. Girgis, Dominik Ruckerl, Stephen Jenkins, Lauren N. Ward, Zachary D. Kurtz, Kirsten E. Wiens, Mei San Tang, Upal Basu-Roy, Alka Mansukhani, Judith E. Allen, P’ng Loke
Journal: Blood (2014)
502 RESVERATROL, AN INTERGRAND OF RED WINE; AMPLIFIES THE EFFECTS OF FREE FATTY ACIDS ON HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS AND PROMOTES FIBROGENESIS
Authors: D. Zahn, L.P. Bechmann, B. Emons, G. Marquitan, C. Jochum, G. Gerken, A. Canbay
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: valuable or not valuable?
Authors: R.E. Genders, J.N. Bouwes Bavinck
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: valuable or not valuable? Get access R.E. Genders, R.E. Genders Department of Dermatology, B1‐Q Leiden University Medical Centre PO Box 9600 Leiden 2300 RC The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.N. Bouwes Bavinck J.N. Bouwes Bavinck Department of Dermatology, B1‐Q Leiden University Medical Centre PO Box 9600 Leiden 2300 RC The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Pages 854–855, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13601 Published: 01 April 2015
Crohn's disease with pulmonary involvement in a 3 year old boy.
Authors: C J Calder, D Lacy, F Raafat, P H Weller, I W Booth
Journal: Gut (1993)

Extra-intestinal or metastatic Crohn9s disease is being recognised increasingly, most commonly in the skin and genitourinary system. Only very rarely has it been reported in the lung. A 3 year old boy who presented with swollen gums and a persistent abnormality on his chest x ray is reported. Lung biopsy specimens showed multiple non-caseating epithelioid granulomas. Subsequent investigation showed the presence of intestinal Crohn9s disease. The evidence for abnormal lung function in Crohn9s disease and the possible pathogenesis of metastatic pulmonary Crohn9s disease are discussed.
Insulin Therapy for Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Bolus insulin injection versus continuous insulin infusion
Authors: Eryn K Butkiewicz, Cynthia L Leibson, Peter C O'Brien, Pasquale J Palumbo, Robert A Rizza
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

Despite widespread acceptance of continuous insulin infusion (CII) over bolus insulin injection (BII) for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), there are no population-based studies demonstrating whether CII has resulted in lower morbidity and mortality.We addressed this issue using a provider-linked database and retrospectively reviewing the complete medical records of all incidence cases of diabetes among Rochester, Minnesota, residents from 1950 to 1989 with a discharge diagnosis of DKA. This population-based study describes the consequences of the widespread change in treatment modality outside the confines of a controlled clinical trial.Among the diabetes incident cohort, there were 59 subjects with confirmed first episodes of DKA during 1950-1992; 29 of 30 subjects treated with BII occurred before 1970. All 29 CII cases occurred between 1976 and 1992. Sex, etiology, diabetes duration, and age at DKA were similar for the two groups. The proportion of obese individuals (BII = 2/28, CII = 8/21; P = 0.01) differed between groups. The CII group exhibited higher glucose values (BII = 24.9 +/- 8.5 mmol/l, CII = 37.1 +/- 15.1 mmol/l; P = 0.002) and lower bicarbonate values (BII = 7.7 +/- 3.0 nmol/l, CII = 6.2 +/- 2.9 nmol/l; P = 0.04) upon admission. The mean quantity of insulin administered was higher in the BII group than in the CII group (179 +/- 140 and 99 +/- 70 U, P < 0.006). The outcome of hypoglycemia occurred more frequently in the BII group than in the CII group (BII = 8/30, CII = 1/29; P = 0.03). The proportion with hypokalemia, neurological deficit, myocardial arrhythmia, or mortality did not differ significantly between groups.Our findings suggest the introduction of CII was accompanied by a decreased incidence of hypoglycemia.
Expanding Role of the Medical Oncologist in the Management of Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: N. Choong, E. Vokes
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2008)

The multidisciplinary approach to treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is complex and evolving. This article aims to review some recent developments in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, in particular the expanding role of chemotherapy in its management. Surgery and radiotherapy have remained the mainstay of therapy. Chemotherapy is increasingly being incorporated into the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Previously, radiotherapy following surgery was the standard approach to the treatment of locoregionally advanced resectable disease. Data from randomized trials have confirmed the benefits of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the adjuvant setting. Chemoradiotherapy is also the recommended approach for unresectable disease. Induction chemotherapy has been useful in resectable disease where organ preservation is desirable, but this approach was inferior for the goal of larynx preservation, while leading to similar survival when compared with concomitant chemoradiotherapy. There is recent evidence that taxanes added to induction chemotherapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil result in improved survival outcomes. Novel targeted agents, such as epidermal growth factor receptor antagonists, are showing promise in the treatment of patients with both locoregionally advanced and recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Indiscriminate investigations have adverse effects
Authors: J. H Barth
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—The application of evidence based medicine is leading to better treatments by thorough evaluation of treatments based on analyses of risks and benefits. These balance the beneficial clinical gains against the adverse pharmacological and medical effects, using information derived from randomised controlled trials and cost effectiveness studies. In contrast, no such critical approach has been taken for diagnostic tests nor have the consequences and adverse effects of inappropriate investigations been explored. The …
Simon Dafydd Glyn Stephens
Authors: L. M. Luxon
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Marine Group II Euryarchaeota (MGII) are among the most abundant microbes in the oceanic surface waters. So far, however, representatives of MGII have not been cultivated, and no viruses infecting these organisms have been described. Here we present complete genomes for 3 distinct groups of viruses assembled from metagenomic sequence datasets highly enriched for MGII. These novel viruses, which we denote Magroviruses, possess double-stranded DNA genomes of 65 to 100 kilobase in size that encode a structural module characteristic of head-tailed viruses and, unusually for archaeal and bacterial viruses, a nearly complete replication apparatus of apparent archaeal origin. The newly identified Magroviruses are widespread and abundant, and therefore are likely to be major ecological agents.
A new approach for evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function: Spatial and temporal analysis of left ventricular filling flow propagation by color M-mode doppler echocardiography
Authors: Hiroya Takatsuji, Taisei Mikami, Kazushi Urasawa, Jun-Ichi Teranishi, Hisao Onozuka, Chika Takagi, Yasuhiro Makita, Hisashi Matsuo, Hideo Kusuoka, Akira Kitabatake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
IMPACT OF CONTRAST–INDUCED NEPHROPATHY WITH TRANSIENT OR PERSISTENT RENAL DAMAGE ON PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING PCI AND PREDICTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRAST–INDUCED NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Keiko Fukino, Sunao Nakamura, Hiroto Yabushita, Takayuki Warisawa, Hiroyoshi Kawamoto, Takahiro Matsumoto, Satoru Mitomo, Yuzou Watanabe, Yusuke Fujino, Kensuke Takagi, Satoko Tahara, Shotaro Nakamura, Koji Hozawa, Naoyuki Kurita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A SIMPLE AND ACCURATE METHOD OF EXAMINING THE SECRETIONS OBTAINED BY MASSAGE FROM THE PROSTATE, SEMINAL VESICLES AND AMPULLAE OF THE VASA
Authors: Montague L. Boyd
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In many cases in which the seminal vesicles and prostate are examined for inflammation and infection, rectal palpation is of only minor importance. The microscopic examination of the secretion from these organs is the really essential thing. A palpable change may be observed in the seminal vesicles or prostate, the result of former inflammations—a scar, which, though quite evident to the finger, is of little importance. On the other hand, the seminal vesicles, vasa and prostate may be the seat of important inflammations and not show a palpable change. Some method, therefore, of making an accurate examination of the secretions from these organs is needed by every general medical man and urologist, and we should come to some agreement concerning the simplest and best method. The one I have used for several years is not only simple but satisfactory. It consists in: Having the patient void urine in three glasses.
Abstract 3104: The role of Pim-3 kinase in NF-κB signaling and transformation of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Dapeng Xu, Brian Bednarski, Hongjin Kim, Albert Baldwin, Antonio T. Baines
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Due to the aggressive nature of this cancer and the lack of biomarkers for early detection, the incidence and mortality rates for PDAC are nearly equivalent. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to the development of pancreatic cancer remains a major goal for defining appropriate treatment strategies. Past studies have shown that the proto-oncogene Pim-3 kinase is expressed in pancreatic cancer and is able to phosphorylate the pro-apoptotic protein Bad to block Bad-mediated apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cell lines. With these and other observations implicating Pim kinases as oncogenes and inhibitors of apoptosis, the purpose of our study is to further characterize the functional significance of Pim-3 in PDAC growth as well as identify possible downstream targets. We hypothesize that inhibition of Pim-3 signaling will be an effective approach for antagonizing the aberrant growth of pancreatic cancer. Initially, we confirmed by immunohistochemistry that Pim-3 protein is aberrantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis tissue and is constitutively expressed in a panel of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Also, we found that suppression of Pim-3 by shRNAs significantly decreased cell growth and caused a reduction in invasion of pancreatic cancer cells in Matrix-gel. To our knowledge, this is the first time that any of the Pims have been associated with invasion in pancreatic cancer. Most recently, other members of the Pim kinase family have been shown to activate NF-κB in cancer. From our studies, we observed that suppression of Pim-3 upregulated IκBα and decreased phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536), suggesting an effect on NF-κB transcription activity. Our results indicate the importance of Pim-3 in various aspects of transformation of pancreatic cancer and how NF-κB may be a potential downstream target of Pim-3 signaling in PDAC. These findings will allow us to critically validate Pim kinases as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3104.
Medical education and the community
Authors: N. Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1981)

and after swallowing.There were no attacks of the "anginal" pain while continuing her normal activities, which included going up and down stairs several times during the day; but the pain and muscular spasm returned each night after the dose of naftidrofuryl.A provisional diagnosis of acute oesophagitis was made, the drug was stopped, and within two days the symptoms had subsided.
Birth weight of women with gestational diabetes.
Authors: R G Moses, J Moses, S Knights
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological observations have suggested a relationship between type 2 diabetes and a low birth weight. However, there are many confounding variables and problems with retrospective data collection. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), who are likely to develop type 2 diabetes in the future, may help clarify these observations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Consecutive women with GDM (n = 138) were included in the study if they had a singleton pregnancy delivered between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation, if they had themselves been born in the local hospital, and if their own delivery data were available. With respect to their own births, a matched group was obtained by considering the next female delivery of the same gestational age. RESULTS: For women with GDM, the mean (+/- 1 SD) birth weight was 3,293 +/- 493 g and the ponderal index was 27.0 +/- 2.4. Their values were not significantly different from the matched group, which had a birth weight of 3,315 +/- 460 g and a ponderal index of 27.0 +/- 2.5. After adjusting for the gestational age of delivery, the birth weight of women with GDM did not show a U-shaped distribution. CONCLUSIONS: After adjustment for the gestational age of delivery, women with GDM do not themselves have either a lower or higher birth weight than a matched group. These data suggest that women with GDM are either not a good surrogate for investigating the relationship between birth weight and type 2 diabetes or that correction for the gestational age of delivery removes the most important confounding variable. It is also possible that modern dietary changes may have altered the relationship.
GMC to develop induction programme for all new doctors working in the UK
Authors: H. Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The General Medical Council has announced plans to introduce a national basic induction programme to ensure consistency in the standards of professionalism and cultural awareness among all new UK and overseas doctors starting work in the United Kingdom. 

The induction programme, which will be developed in conjunction with employers and professional organisations and introduced from next year, will ensure that doctors have an adequate understanding of the ethical and professional standards set out by the GMC and are familiar with how medicine is practised in the UK. 

Every year around 12 000 doctors from the UK, …
Acute malaria in newborn infants.
Authors: T G Geddes
Journal: BMJ (1970)

sudden pain in the calf to death from mas- sive pulmonary embolism.Apprehension still exists as continuing investigations indicate that there are grave discrepancies in the recommended methods of laundering and sterilizing in the hospital service.The non-clinical approach is paramount.Hospital flora are now accepted, apparently calmly (8 August, p. 305).Just how far have we gone backwards in 22 years?Do we need another Lister?-Iam, etc.,
Fasciitis and Fasciitis-Panniculitis in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Jochanan E. Naschitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 January 1995Fasciitis and Fasciitis-Panniculitis in Chronic Graft-versus-Host DiseaseJochanan E. Naschitz and Jochanan BossJochanan E. NaschitzSearch for more papers by this author and Jochanan BossSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-2-199501150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Janin and colleagues [1] described 14 patients with fasciitis who had chronic graft-versus-host disease. Their patients had a disease that resembled eosinophilic fasciitis. Biopsy specimens showed that the earliest histologic changes were edema and fibrosis in the intermediate septa separating the fat lobules and in the muscular fascia beneath the fat lobules.After the characteristics of eosinophilic fasciitis (a disorder of unknown cause) were described, similar clinical and histologic features were noted to occur in patients with various diseases, such as morphea profunda, lupus erythematosus panniculitis, the toxic oil syndrome, the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, postirradiation injury, infections, cancer, ...References1. Janin A, Socie G, Devergie A, Aractingi S, Esperou H, Verola O, et al. Fasciitis in chronic graft-versus-host disease. A clinicopathologic study of 14 cases. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:993-8. Google Scholar2. Falanga V. Localized scleroderma. Med Clin North Am. 1989; 73:1142-55. Google Scholar3. Naschitz JE, Yeshurun D, Zuckerman E, Rosner I, Shajrawi I, Misselevitch I, et al. The fasciitis-panniculitis syndrome: clinical spectrum and response to cimetidine. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1992; 21:211-20. Google Scholar4. Naschitz JE, Yeshurun D, Zuckerman E, Rosenbaum M, Misselevitch I, Shajrawi I, et al. Cancer-associated fasciitis panniculitis. Cancer. 1994; 73:231-5. Google Scholar5. Barnes L, Rodnan GP, Medsger TA, Short D. Eosinophilic fasciitis. A pathologic study of twenty cases. Am J Pathol. 1979; 96:493-518. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNodular Sclerodermatous Chronic Cutaneous Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GvHD): A New Clinicopathological Variant of Cutaneous Sclerodermatous GvHD Resembling Nodular/Keloidal SclerodermaThe ‘Connective Tissue Diseases’ 15 January 1995Volume 122, Issue 2Page: 155-156KeywordsBiopsyEdemaFatsFibrosisInfectious diseasesInflammationLesionsLupus erythematosusOilsScleroderma Issue Published: 15 January 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...