tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress induces unfolding protein response and inflammation in nasal polyposis
Authors: L. Jeanson, M. Kelly, A. Coste, I. C. Guerrera, J. Fritsch, T. Nguyen‐Khoa, M. Baudouin‐Legros, J.‐F. Papon, P. Zadigue, V. Prulière‐Escabasse, S. Amselem, E. Escudier, A. Edelman
Journal: Allergy (2011)

Abstract Background: Nasal polyposis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the upper airways, is a valuable and accessible model to investigate the mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation. The main objective of this study was to investigate a potential involvement of the unfolded protein response ( UPR ) in the context of oxidative stress and inflammation in nasal epithelial cells from nasal polyps ( NP ). Methods: Epithelial cells from NP ( n = 20) and normal mucosa (Controls, n = 15) in primary culture were analyzed by global proteomic approach and cell biology techniques for the glucose‐regulated protein 78 ( GRP78 ), the spliced X ‐box‐binding protein 1 ( sXBP‐1 ), the glucose‐regulated protein 94 ( GRP94 ), and the calreticulin (immunoblot, mass spectrometry, immunocytochemistry). Results: Proteomics analysis of human nasal epithelial cells in culture revealed the activation of the unfolded protein response in NP . Systematic cell biology and biochemical analysis of two markers ( GRP78 , sXBP‐1 ) in the presence and absence of oxidative stress in NP showed a susceptibility of the unfolded protein response to oxidative stress compared to controls at least partially linked to an abnormal redox state of the protein disulfide‐isomerase 4. This unfolded protein response was correlated with mitochondrial depolarization and secretion of interleukin 8 ( IL ‐8) and leukotriene B4 ( LTB 4) and was prevented by mitochondrial antioxidant. Conclusions: We show the existence of UPR in nasal epithelial cells that is linked to oxidative stress leading to IL ‐8 and LTB 4 secretions. These mechanisms may participate in chronic inflammation in nasal polyposis.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in human immunodeficiency (HIV)‐seropositive males
Authors: Barry R. Meisenberg, Warren L. Robinson, Coleman A. Mosley, Mark S. Duke, Gary M. Rabetoy, Michael P. Kosty
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Two male patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) were found to have antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In one patient, platelet‐associated antibody levels were measured serially and were found to be initially elevated, but the levels decreased with initiation of successful therapy. The simultaneous occurrence of these two conditions in two of three patients admitted for TTP within the previous 2 years at this institution suggests an association between the two diseases. The precise nature of this association remains speculative inasmuch as the pathogenesis of TTP remains uncertain.
Monoarthritis from blackthorn injury: a novel means of diagnosis.
Authors: D R Blake, P A Bacon, C A Scott, A R Potter
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Twenty-three patients, aged 11-56 years, were uraemic, of whom 21 (91°o) received intermittent positive-pressure respiration.Twenty-one of these 23 patients had non-oliguric renal failure, the mean urine output being 1-83 ±SD 0 83 1 daily; the two remaining patients were anuric.Blood urea concentration varied from 9 to 60 mmol/l (54 to 360 mg/100 ml) with a mean of 20±13 mmol/l (120±78 mg/100 ml).In the 15 patients in group 2 the mean time to the onset of a raised blood urea concentration was 7-7 ±1-6 days.The rate of rise of the concentration was 5 ±3-7 mmol/l/ day (30 ±22-2 mg/100 ml/day).Serum potassium concentration was above 7 mmol (mEq)/l in two patients.The mean serum osmolality was 318± 42 mmol (mosmol)/kg and mean urine osmolality 532±143-9 mmol/kg in the patients in group 3.In group 2 the mean serum osmolality was 288 ±9 1 mmol/kg and the mean urine osmolality 503 1 ± 102 9 mmol/kg.Blood cultures were positive in four patients.Four patients were given an aminoglycoside antibiotic before the onset of uraemia.
Provocative use test of nickel coins in nickel-sensitized subjects and controls
Authors: H. Zhai, A.-L. Chew, S.J. Bashir, K.E. Reagan, J.J. Hostynek, H.I. Maibach
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Consensus exists on levels of nickel release that are well tolerated in exposure to nickel-containing items in direct and continuous contact with skin (e.g. watches). The clinical relevance of nickel-containing coins eliciting nickel dermatitis associated with extensive occupational exposure (e.g. coins handled by cashiers) has not been determined.To examine whether nickel-containing coins might be an elicitor of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in occupational settings with extensive exposure to coins (i.e. cashiers).Eighteen subjects (10 nickel sensitized and eight non-nickel sensitized) completed this study after screening of history, physical examination and diagnostic patch testing (5% nickel sulphate). Each volunteer handled 10 coins (nickel-containing coins or non-nickel-containing coins) in a cross-over design at 5-min intervals (5 min handling followed by 5 min rest) for 8 h per day, for a total of 12 days excluding the weekend. One hand was gloved while the other was not during coin handling. Visual scoring and bioengineering measurements were recorded at each of four predetermined sites at baseline (day 1), end of day 5 and day 12 (last day of exposure).There were no statistical differences for either visual or bioengineering data comparing: (i) nickel-sensitized vs. non-nickel-sensitized subjects handling nickel-containing coins at day 1, day 5 and day 12; (ii) day 12 vs. day 1 (baseline) for nickel-sensitized subjects handling nickel-containing coins; (iii) handling of nickel-containing coins vs. non-nickel-containing coins by nickel-sensitized subjects at day 5 and day 12; (iv) gloved hand vs. ungloved hand of nickel-sensitized subjects handling nickel-containing coins at day 12. Limitations of the method and clinical extrapolation are detailed.Individuals handling these nickel-containing coins daily did not develop ACD, as judged by visual signs or bioengineering parameters.
Nd-YAG Laser, A New Palliative Alternative in the Management of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: M. Buset, F. Dunham, M. Baize, J. de Toeuf, M. Cremer
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

Ten patients with unresectable esophageal malignant tumor have been managed by Nd-YAG laser palliative therapy. Esophageal obstruction, and dysphagia, the most frequent symptoms, were relieved in all cases after periods ranging from 5 to 14 days. The mean total energy required was 26.121 watts sec-1. No serious immediate or late complication was encountered, except for one small transient bleeding without clinical repercussion. Two relapses of dysphagia were successfully managed by the same procedure. This new palliative approach has to be compared with the other available methods, surgical resection and bypass procedures, radiotherapy or endoscopic prosthetic intubation. Its high degree of effectiveness in providing rapid relief of dysphagia, and its low morbidity rate will give to laser therapy an important place in the future palliative management of esophageal cancer, either alone or in combination with other treatments.
Ceramic Glaze as a Source of Lead Poisoning
Authors: Robert W. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Plumbism occurred in a patient after he had used a lead-glazed drinking vessel. Apparently, sufficient lead was leached from the mug's glazed inner surface by a soft drink with a pH of 2.7 to result in clinical saturnism after two years of habitual exposure. Laboratory and experimental studies confirmed the available quantity of lead in the source. Similar cases of lead poisoning resulting from the use of acidic food or drink with lead-glazed utensils have occurred in the past.
γ-Catenin is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia and promotes the stabilization and nuclear localization of β-catenin
Authors: R G Morgan, L Pearn, K Liddiard, S L Pumford, A K Burnett, A Tonks, R L Darley
Journal: Leukemia (2012)

Canonical Wnt signaling regulates the transcription of T-cell factor (TCF)-responsive genes through the stabilization and nuclear translocation of the transcriptional co-activator, β-catenin. Overexpression of β-catenin features prominently in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and has previously been associated with poor clinical outcome. Overexpression of γ-catenin mRNA (a close homologue of β-catenin) has also been reported in AML and has been linked to the pathogenesis of this disease, however, the relative roles of these catenins in leukemia remains unclear. Here we report that overexpression and aberrant nuclear localization of γ-catenin is frequent in AML. Significantly, γ-catenin expression was associated with β-catenin stabilization and nuclear localization. Consistent with this, we found that ectopic γ-catenin expression promoted the stabilization and nuclear translocation of β-catenin in leukemia cells. β-Catenin knockdown demonstrated that both γ- and β-catenin contribute to TCF-dependent transcription in leukemia cells. These data indicate that γ-catenin expression is a significant factor in the stabilization of β-catenin in AML. We also show that although normal cells exclude nuclear translocation of both γ- and β-catenin, this level of regulation is lost in the majority of AML patients and cell lines, which allow nuclear accumulation of these catenins and inappropriate TCF-dependent transcription.
P11 Tyrosine kinase inhibitor use in pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: G Jones, M Murthy, D Komrower, N Hunt, M Ledson, M Walshaw
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Personalised treatments are becoming increasingly important in medicine, and the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in the management of the subset of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinomas which express a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is one example of this approach. However, although this cell type is common, in the UK only a small proportion of patients express the EGFR mutation and there is little published data on the number of patients receiving TKI therapy. Since 2010 we have routinely performed EGFR testing on pulmonary adenocarcinoma samples at our large cancer unit and were interested to assess our use of TKIs. <h3>Methods</h3> We reviewed all cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma since EGFR testing began, looking for the proportion EGFR positive, their performance state (PS), and what treatments were offered. <h3>Results</h3> Of 241 cases of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 54 (22%) had insufficient material available for mutation testing. Of the remaining 187, 23 (12%) were EGFR positive (mean age 76 [range 47–92], 18 female). Although 16 were PS ≤2, only 5 patients had stage 1A cancer with 13 having advanced disease (stage 3B/4). Seven patients underwent attempted curative surgery and 4 patients with poor PS were managed with best supportive care only. Twelve patients (52% of the EGFR positive group and 6.4% of the tested cohort) received a TKI (mean age 74 [50–92], PS ≤2 in 8, 10 female), and in 3 of these it was the only treatment modality offered (1%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We have shown that our cohort of patients with adenocarcinoma had a higher rate of EGFR mutation than expected, and that half of these received targeted biological therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Importantly TKI therapy was the only treatment modality available for patients who would have previously been untreated. This work emphasises the need to obtain a histological diagnosis in patients with lung cancer, to ensure that all possible treatment modalities can be considered.
Methodology for statistical analysis of SENCAR mouse skin assay data.
Authors: J A Stober
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Various response measures and statistical methods appropriate for the analysis of data collected in the SENCAR mouse skin assay are examined. The characteristics of the tumor response data do not readily lend themselves to the classical methods for hypothesis testing. The advantages and limitations of conventional methods of analysis and methods recommended in the literature are discussed. Several alternative response measures that were developed specifically to answer the problems inherent in the data collected in the SENCAR bioassay system are described. These measures take into account animal survival, tumor multiplicity, and tumor regression. Statistical methods for the analysis of these measures to test for a positive dose response and a dose-response relationship are discussed. Sample data from representative initiation/promotion studies are used to compare the response measures and methods of analysis.
Russia: sex, drugs, and AIDS and MSF
Authors: H. Veeken
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The first case of HIV infection in Russia was detected in 1987, there have since been 142 million HIV tests in the country, and 196 and 1535 new HIV cases were reported in 1995 and 1996, respectively. By 2000, the Ministry of Health forecasts that there will be 800,000 HIV-positive people in the country. It is culturally accepted in Russia to use drugs intravenously. There has been a rapid rise in the number of IV drug users in Russia, with an estimated 100,000 users in Moscow forming an important core group for HIV transmission, and similar numbers of users in Leningrad, Kalinigrad, and Rostov. Russian IV drug users are mainly aged 15-25 years who lead regular lives, attend school, and socialize freely with non-users, including having sexual relationships. Such behavior among IV drug users facilitates the rapid spread of HIV to the rest of society. Ketamine is popular among schoolchildren, who inject it intramuscularly, while homemade IV drugs also abound. High levels of IV drug use, a health system in a state of collapse, a growing incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and government inexperience with the HIV epidemic mean that an HIV epidemic in Russia is inevitable. Medecins Sans Frontieres has launched an HIV prevention campaign together with the government.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Sepsis and the Waterhouse–Friderichsen Syndrome in Children
Authors: Patricia V. Adem, Christopher P. Montgomery, Aliya N. Husain, Tracy K. Koogler, Valerie Arangelovich, Michel Humilier, Susan Boyle-Vavra, Robert S. Daum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Staphylococcus aureus has increasingly been recognized as a cause of severe invasive illness. We describe three children who died at our institution after rapidly progressive clinical deterioration from this infection, with necrotizing pneumonia and multiple-organ-system involvement. The identification of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage at autopsy was characteristic of the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, a constellation of findings usually associated with fulminant meningococcemia. The close genetic relationship among the three responsible isolates of S. aureus, one susceptible to methicillin and two resistant to methicillin, underscores the close relationship between virulent methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates now circulating in the community.
Endovaginal Ultrasound to Evaluate Endometrial Abnormalities
Authors: Robert L. Bree
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Successful Detoxification From Methadone Maintenance
Authors: Charles E. Riordan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Thirty-eight patients were successfully detoxified from maintenance with methadone hydrochloride. Contrary to results of most previous studies, a substantial number of individuals were found to have remained drug-free, employed, and uninvolved with the criminal justice system since detoxification. Almost half of those who returned to drug use have become reinvolved in treatment. Escalated alcohol use occurred during and following methadone maintenance.
Apoptosis resistance of neutrophils in patients with unstable angina
Authors: Luigi M. Biasucci, Annalisa Porto, Claudia Colussi, Donatella Lomaglio, Francesca Raimondi, Laura Morlacchi, Francesca Ginnetti, Giovanna Liuzzo, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Curability of Advanced Hodgkin's Disease with Chemotherapy
Authors: VINCENT T. DEVITA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The results of treatment of 198 patients with Hodgkin's disease with MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) were analyzed. Eighty percent attained complete remission, and 68% of patients achieving a complete remission have remained disease free beyond 10 years from the end of treatment. Results of autopsy on patients who died of other causes while in clinical complete remission did not show evidence of residual tumors except in one patient. Asymptomatic patients and patients with mixed-cellularity or lymphocytic-depleted Hodgkin's disease do significantly better than symptomatic patients and those with nodular sclerosing histologic type. Advanced Hodgkin's disease appears to be curable by chemotherapy.
Reminiscences of Erb
Authors: L. Eloesser
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> An historical communication inThe Journal(<b>182:</b>940 [Dec 1] 1962), listing the achievements of one of my teachers, Erb, prompts me to add this note of personal reminiscence. Wilhelm Heinrich Erb came from Winnweiler in the Rhenish Palatinate of grass-roots stock. His speech had a Palatinate intonation. His words were direct, simple, at times gruff, but their gruffness was that of country-folk, not a metropolitan snarl. The communication states that he was "described as a stern teacher who commanded respect more than emotional warmth...." "Stern" is not the term to describe Erb; he lacked neither warmth nor compassion. Simple and straightforward he was, in his expressions, his tastes, his mind, and his actions. These qualities led him to abhor pretentiousness and to express a distaste for Berlin and Imperial Court doctoring that he was at no pains to hide. Another statement in need of clarification is that
Dermatoses associated with travel to Burkina Faso and diagnosed by means of teledermatology
Authors: E. Caumes, V. Le Bris, C. Couzigou, A. Menard, M. Janier, A. Flahault
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

The pattern of dermatoses occurring in travellers to tropical areas is poorly documented.To diagnose skin diseases in travellers to Burkina Faso by means of teledermatology; to assess the educational value of teledermatology for the local general practitioner (GP).Patients (Westerners and Burkinabese nationals) were included in the study if they presented with a cutaneous disease to the GP based in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Images of the skin lesions were acquired with a point-and-shoot digital camera and sent via the Internet, together with the clinical history. Diagnostic concordance between dermatologists in France and the GP in Ouagadougou was analysed as a simple proportion of agreement and 95% confidence interval.One hundred and twenty-four patients (M/F ratio 1.17; 80.6% Westerners) were included in the study. One hundred and thirty dermatoses were identified: 73 (56%) were of infectious origin, and 19 (15%) were related to eczematous dermatitis. The skin infections were mainly due to bacteria (18%), fungi (14%) or arthropods (13%). Parasitic dermatoses were observed only in Burkinabese nationals. Among Westerners, fungal dermatoses were observed only in long-term residents. The diagnostic agreement between the local GP and the remote dermatologists was 49% overall (95% confidence interval 41-58). Agreement between the GP and the dermatologists on the dermatological category improved significantly over time (P<0.05).Telemedecine can improve the management of cutaneous diseases among Western travellers. Most dermatoses observed in Western travellers to Burkina Faso are of infectious origin. Teledermatology has educational value for local GPs.
Immunophenotypic alterations of bone marrow myeloid cell compartments in multiple myeloma patients predict for myelodysplasia-associated cytogenetic alterations
Authors: S Matarraz, B Paiva, M Díez-Campelo, S Bárrena, M Jara-Acevedo, M L Gutiérrez, J M Sayagués, M-L Sánchez, P Bárcena, M P Garrastazul, M J Berruezo, J M Duran, C Cerveró, J A García-Erce, L Florensa, G D Méndez, O Gutierrez, M C del Cañizo, J J M van Dongen, J F San Miguel, A Orfao
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Megakaryocytes assemble podosomes that degrade matrix and protrude through basement membrane
Authors: Hannah Schachtner, Simon D. J. Calaminus, Amy Sinclair, James Monypenny, Michael P. Blundell, Catherine Leon, Tessa L. Holyoake, Adrian J. Thrasher, Alison M. Michie, Milica Vukovic, Christian Gachet, Gareth E. Jones, Steven G. Thomas, Steve P. Watson, Laura M. Machesky
Journal: Blood (2013)
Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation — When, Why, and How?
Authors: Hartzell V. Schaff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

In 1987, Dr. James L. Cox performed the first maze procedure for surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.1 Previous efforts at surgical correction were not uniformly successful, and some procedures corrected cardiac rhythm but did not restore synchronized atrial contraction. Cox's maze procedure, performed with a precise pattern of incisions and suturing of the right and left atria, proved highly successful in restoring sinus rhythm and, in many patients, reestablishing atrial transport function. There is, however, a lack of consensus regarding indications for surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.In patients with structural heart disease, atrial fibrillation is a common coexisting problem, . . .