tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5050: Functional characterization of a newly identified growth regulatory gene SKCG-1 in human kidney cancer
Authors: Kamaleshwar P. Singh, Shubhashish Sarkar, Deodutta Roy
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The mechanism of human kidney cancer development is not completely understood. Recently, we have identified a new growth regulatory gene, SKCG-1 and its expression was found to be decreased or lossed in human Wilms tumor. The objective of this study was to further characterize this gene and determine whether it has growth inhibitory function in human kidney cancer. The role of DNA hypermethylation in the inhibition of SKCG-1 expression in tumorigenic kidney epithelial cells was investigated by 5′-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (demethylating agent) treatment. The role of SKCG-1 in cell growth was tested by both, silencing its expression in normal cells, and overexpressing it in tumorigenic kidney epithelial cells. Reactivation of SKCG-1 transcripts in 5′ Aza-2′-deoxycytidine -treated HEK293 cells as compared to the untreated HEK293 cells suggest the hypermethylation as one of the causes for loss of SKCG-1expression in human kidney cancer cells. Colony formation assay revealed that ectopic expression of SKCG-1 suppresses the growth of tumorigenic HEK293 cells. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SKCG-1 in HEK293 resulted in increased cell growth and this was further confirmed by increased DNA synthesis as revealed by Brdu assay. Silencing of SKCG-1 also resulted in increased expression of cell cycle gene CyclinD1 and decreased expression of P53. Immunocytochemical staining of SKCG-1 confirmed its localization in the nuclear membrane. Immunohistochemical staining further confirmed the loss of SKCG-1 expression in human kidney tumors (RCC) and its presence in surrounding normal human kidney tissue. These results suggest that the presence of SKCG-1 inhibits the growth of cancer cells and its absence allows the growth of cancer cells. The findings of this study further support the tumor suppressor role of SKCG-1 in kidney cancer. Therefore, the restoration of SKCG-1 function and its signaling pathway(s) represents a possible therapeutic target in kidney cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5050.
Open-Heart Surgery for Repair of Congenital Defects
Authors: Robert E. Gross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

OVER a century ago Dr. George Shattuck, dean of the Harvard Medical School, made an out-standing contribution to postgraduate education of doctors in the New England area by making possible this annual lectureship, so that members of the Society can learn of a wide range of subjects that are new developments in understanding of disease or management of therapies for various disorders. To-day, we turn attention to surgical technics that, under direct vision, allow correction of certain lesions inside of the cardiac chambers.Before 1938, no operations of any kind were available for treating congenital abnormalities of the heart and . . .
Encouraging Patients To Become More Physically Active: The Physician's Role
Authors: Ross E. Andersen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

A sedentary lifestyle is recognized as a risk factor for poor health.Only 22% of adults in the United States are currently active enough to derive health benefits from their activity. Inactive persons who improve their physical fitness are less likely to die of all causes and of cardiovascular disease than are those who remain sedentary. Many physicians do not feel adequately prepared to prescribe exercise to their patients. An active lifestyle does not require patients to follow a formal, uninterrupted, vigorous exercise program. Recent recommendations about physical activity have been simplified to encourage activity for the promotion of health and the prevention of disease. Physicians are advised to routinely counsel sedentary patients to accumulate 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity-equivalent to walking at 3 to 4 mph for most healthy adults-on most, preferably all, days of the week. The most sedentary patients should be encouraged to simply begin doing something and to make gradual changes over time. With continued support and encouragement from their physicians and families, these persons may progress to higher levels of activity that will further reduce their risk for disease.
A morphologic study of lung secretory leukoprotease inhibitor in pneumonia.
Authors: S Asano, K Kida, T Koyama, H Wada, Y Izawa, K Hosoda, K Masuda, Y Suzuki
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The present study was undertaken to determine the localization of cells laden with secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) in bronchial/bronchiolar epithelium (B/Br-E) by histochemical techniques to see whether SLPI production occurs in conjunction with pathologic bronchopneumonia. Ten lung were obtained at autopsy from patients between 63 and 100 yr of age, including six with pathologic pneumonia and four without pneumonia. SLPI-laden cells in the B/Br-E corresponded mostly to goblet cells with apparent hyperplasia. A morphometric study performed on the B/Br-E indicated that the percentage of SLPI-laden cells was significantly correlated with the percentage of mucus-containing cells (r = 0.72, p < 0.001). This trend was similar in the bronchi (r = 0.60, p < 0.05) and in the bronchioles (r = 0.90, p < 0.01). The increased percentage of mucus and SLPI-laden cells in the B/Br-E was closely correlated with acute inflammatory changes in the adjacent alveoli, particularly in bronchi rather than in bronchioles. From these observations we conclude that the number of SLPI-laden cells in the airways increases in correlation with goblet cell hyperplasia. In addition, these morphologic changes are associated with the existence of acute inflammatory cell infiltration in the alveolar area.
Sympathetic nerve activity: role in regulation of blood pressure in the spontaenously hypertensive rat.
Authors: W V Judy, A M Watanabe, D P Henry, H R Besch, W R Murphy, G M Hockel
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and high pressure baroreceptor regulation of SNA were studied in the Okamoto strain of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and SNA were not significantly affected by anesthesia with low doses of pentobarbital (20-25 mg/kg). Thus, most of these studies were performed in anesthetized rats. SNA in visceral sympathetic nerves increased rapidly with age up to 24 weeks and slowly thereafter. MAP increased with SNA, following the same time course. Both SNA and MAP in SHR were significantly greater than that found in normotensive Wistar control rats of comparable ages. Abolition of ganglionic transmission with hexamethonium in both SHR and normotensive controls reduced postganglionic SNA and MAP to comparable levels. In SHR less than 16 weeks old, increased baroreceptor stimulation effectively inhibited SNA with the same sensitivity as found in Wistar control rats. However, older SHR appeared to lose their ability to completely inhibit SNA during induced hypertension, whereas in Wistar control rats as old as 52 weeks, elevation of blood pressure to 165.3 +/- 2.3 mm Hg completely suppressed SNA. These results suggest that SNA may play an important role in the development and maintenance of hypertension in SHR, and that central sympathetic centers, uninhibited by baroreceptor afferents, become active during the development of hypertension in the SHR.
Epidermal growth factor in saliva and gastric juice: response to histamine.
Authors: A M Tunio, M Hobsley
Journal: Gut (1995)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was measured in saliva and in gastric juice under basal conditions and after histamine stimulation (0.04 mg kg-1h-1). Sixty subjects studied comprised 20 normal volunteers, 20 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU), and 20 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). There was no difference in basal salivary EGF concentrations between control and DU or control and NUD subjects, but the EGF concentration in DU patients exceeded that in NUD patients (p &lt; 0.05). Basal gastric juice concentrations of EGF were similar in all three groups. There was no difference between basal salivary and gastric EGF concentrations (p &gt; &gt; 0.05). After histamine stimulation, salivary and gastric EGF concentrations increased in all three groups: the increase was greater in gastric juice than saliva (p &lt; 0.0001). There were no significant differences in the salivary EGF concentrations of controls and NUD patients, or controls and DU patients, but values were significantly higher when DU and NUD patients were compared (p = &lt; 0.05). In the gastric juice, EGF increased more in DU patients than in controls or NUD patients (p &lt; 0.05). This effect was not linked to the greater acid secretion in DU than in the other groups. There was no influence of gender or smoking on the EGF concentration. This evidence suggests that the stomach itself may be able to secrete large amounts of EGF and that histamine is a potent stimulus. It is more likely that the gastric EGF is responding to the presence of a duodenal ulcer than that lack of EGF is responsible for persistence of the ulcer.
Abstract 4004: Interaction between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells induces metallothionein gene expression in human colon cancer.
Authors: Kei Shinagawa, Yasuhiko Kitadai, Ryo Yuge, Mieko Onoyama, Mayu Ohnishi, Shinji Tanaka, Wataru Yasui, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to contribute to the formation of tumor stroma. We reported recently that in an orthotopic nude mouse model of human colon cancer, MSCs migrated to tumor stroma, where they differentiated into carcinoma-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like cells and promoted tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, the migratory and invasive abilities of KM12SM colon cancer cells were shown by Transwell invasion assay to be enhanced by indirect co-culture with MSCs. However, the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon have not been elucidated. We performed microarray analysis of gene expression in KM12SM cells and found that expression of metallothionein (MT) mRNA increased markedly by indirect co-culture of KM12SM cells with MSCs. Additionally, in an orthotopic nude mouse model of colon cancer, MT mRNA expression levels were shown to be higher in the tumors produced by KM12SM cells mixed with MSCs than in the tumors produced by KM12SM cells alone. MTs comprise a family of low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich intracellular proteins that are associated with protection against DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The potential role of MTs in carcinogenesis remains unknown. We examined MT expression in surgical specimens of human colon cancer and colon adenoma by immunohistochemistry. A total of 101 tumors were analyzed. MT immunoreactivity was detected in tumor cells and in atypical stromal cells. Atypical stromal cells with strong MT expression were found in invasive cancers, at the invasive edge, but not in mucosal cancers or adenomas. Levels of MT expression in tumor cells correlated inversely with disease stage. These findings suggest that the interaction between MSCs recruited into tumor stroma and the tumor cells of invasive colon cancers induces and depends on MT expression. Further studies are needed to clarify the specific effects of MTs on tumor cells and stromal cells. Citation Format: Kei Shinagawa, Yasuhiko Kitadai, Ryo Yuge, Mieko Onoyama, Mayu Ohnishi, Shinji Tanaka, Wataru Yasui, Kazuaki Chayama. Interaction between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells induces metallothionein gene expression in human colon cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4004. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4004
Celecoxib for Arthritis
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mapping HIV-related behavioural surveillance among injecting drug users in Europe, 2008
Authors: V Hope, A Jeannin, B Spencer, J P Gervasoni, M J van de Laar, F Dubois-Arber, collective the ECDC HIV and STI Behavioural Surveillance Mapping Group
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

The systematic collection of behavioural information is an important component of second-generation HIV surveillance. The extent of behavioural surveillance among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Europe was examined using data collected through a questionnaire sent to all 31 countries of the European Union and European Free Trade Association as part of a European-wide behavioural surveillance mapping study on HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The questionnaire was returned by 28 countries during August to September 2008: 16 reported behavioural surveillance studies (two provided no further details). A total of 12 countries used repeated surveys for behavioural surveillance and five used their Treatment Demand Indicator system (three used both approaches). The data collected focused on drug use, injecting practices, testing for HIV and hepatitis C virus and access to healthcare. Eight countries had set national indicators: three indicators were each reported by five countries: the sharing any injecting equipment, uptake of HIV testing and uptake of hepatitis C virus testing. The recall periods used varied. Seven countries reported conducting one-off behavioural surveys (in one country without a repeated survey, these resulted an informal surveillance structure). All countries used convenience sampling, with service-based recruitment being the most common approach. Four countries had used respondent-driven sampling. Three fifths of the countries responding (18/28) reported behavioural surveillance activities among IDUs; however, harmonisation of behavioural surveillance indicators is needed.
Tunable-Combinatorial Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance Limit the Efficacy of BRAF/MEK Cotargeting but Result in Melanoma Drug Addiction
Authors: Gatien Moriceau, Willy Hugo, Aayoung Hong, Hubing Shi, Xiangju Kong, Clarissa C. Yu, Richard C. Koya, Ahmed A. Samatar, Negar Khanlou, Jonathan Braun, Kathleen Ruchalski, Heike Seifert, James Larkin, Kimberly B. Dahlman, Douglas B. Johnson, Alain Algazi, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Antoni Ribas, Roger S. Lo
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
BACKWARD TRACTION IN TREATMENT OF CARIES OF THE SPINE.
Authors: CHARLES F. STILLMAN
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Mr. Editor.—I thought you might be interested in some medical matters which sometimes occur in New Jersey. Therefore I send you a partial report of the transactions of the Hudson County District Medical Society, held in Jersey City March 4, 1884. After the regular business was completed, Dr. Charles F. Stillman, of New York, who had been previously invited, delivered a scientific and interesting lecture upon " Backward Traction in the Treatment of Caries of the Spine," illustrated by clinical material. Dr. Stillman prefaced his lecture by describing the various methods of treatment in general use and classifying them according to the principles upon which they are founded. These are, 1st, simple Fixation; 2nd, Symmetrical Traction, which included the principles of suspension and application of the plaster jacket, and 3rd, Backward Traction, upon which he dwelt more at length. The origin of this principle, which consists in curving the spine
EFFECTS OF CANGRELOR ON PLATELET FUNCTION PROFILES IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: RESULTS OF AN IN VITRO PHARMACODYNAMIC INVESTIGATION
Authors: Salvatore D. Tomasello, José Luis Ferreiro, Antonio Tello-Montoliu, Masafumi Ueno, Kodali Murali, Naveen Scheeran, Sandra Leon, Bhalloo Desai, Ronald Charlton, Theodor Bass, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Active MAC-1 (CD11b/CD18) on DCs inhibits full T-cell activation
Authors: Georg Varga, Sandra Balkow, Martin K. Wild, Andrea Stadtbaeumer, Mathias Krummen, Tobias Rothoeft, Tetsuya Higuchi, Stefan Beissert, Klaus Wethmar, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek, Dietmar Vestweber, Stephan Grabbe
Journal: Blood (2006)
The Treatment of Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: George A. Omura
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Two related points were not, in my opinion, adequately dealt with in the report by Greenberg et al (221:261,1972) and the EDITORIAL by DeVita (221:298, 1972) on the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Is it appropriate to identify as "private practitioners" a group of specialists in hematology and oncology who are prepared to conduct, tabulate, and report the results of their clinical trials, but who happen to run their own offices? Their situation would seem to have little relevance to that of the general physician or internist who has neither the training and experience to optimally manage this disease, nor sufficient perspective about the problem to recognize the pressing questions, nor enough time to keep careful records and report his results. Clearly, the questions posed by Dr. DeVita need to be answered as soon as possible. But what should be the role of the trained specialist outside the
Accumulation of basophils and their chemotactic activity in the airways during natural airway narrowing in asthmatic individuals.
Authors: N Maruyama, G Tamura, T Aizawa, T Ohrui, S Shimura, K Shirato, T Takishima
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To investigate cellular differentials in natural airway narrowing of steroid-dependent asthmatic individuals, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on 10 inpatients with asthma treated only with bronchodilators during episodes of natural airway narrowing evaluated by serial monitoring of peak expiratory flow (PEF), and on nine normal volunteers. We confirmed that the airway narrowing was not completely reversed by salbutamol aerosol just before the BAL study, but was completely reversed by administration of systemic steroid after the BAL study. Thus, the natural airway narrowing investigated in this study consisted not only of the constriction of airway smooth muscle, but also of edema of the airway mucosa and/or secretion in airways. Both the numbers and percentages of eosinophils and alcian blue-positive cells in BAL fluids from the asthmatic subjects were significantly higher than those of normals, but the numbers and percentages of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages were not. Thus, eosinophils and alcian blue-positive cells selectively increased in the airways during the natural airway narrowing. Because we found that the metachromatic cells consisted of two types, with a single nucleus and with segmented nuclei, we further examined basophil chemotactic activity (BCA) in BAL fluids. We showed that BCA was significantly higher in the asthmatic (79.3 +/- 17.2 cells/5 hpf) than in the normal subjects (6.2 +/- 1.6 cells/5 hpf), and also that the activity was more strongly correlated with the cells having segmented nuclei (p = 0.95) than with all of the cells (p = 0.73).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Decreased collagen gene expression and absence of fibrosis in thyroid hormone-induced myocardial hypertrophy. Response of cardiac fibroblasts to thyroid hormone in vitro.
Authors: J Yao, M Eghbali
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The regulatory effects of thyroid hormone on biosynthesis of myocardial proteins that originate from cardiac myocytes are well established. Little is known, however, of regulatory effects of thyroid hormone on interstitial proteins. In this study we examined the effects of thyroid hormone on collagen gene expression in thyroid hormone-induced myocardial hypertrophy and the response of cardiac fibroblasts to thyroid hormone in culture. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated intraperitoneally with L-thyroxin (10 micrograms/100 g body wt) for 2 hours or 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, or 14 days. Northern blot analysis of RNA from total ventricular tissue showed that after 2 hours of treatment, the abundance of mRNA for pro alpha 2(I) collagen decreased by 53% (p less than 0.05) and reached the lowest level (60% decrease, p less than 0.02) at day 1, remained diminished at day 3, and then gradually returned toward normal levels. After transient transfection of chimeric DNA containing collagen type I promoter-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene into the thyroxin-treated cardiac fibroblasts, the level of CAT activity decreased significantly. Treatment of cardiac fibroblasts in culture (10 nM L-thyroxin) resulted in a 33% (p less than 0.005) decrease in the abundance of mRNA for pro alpha 2(I) collagen. The stability of the mRNA for pro alpha 2(I) collagen in cardiac fibroblasts, as measured by mRNA half-life, was slightly (16.6%) decreased by thyroid-hormone treatment. Collagen synthesis as shown by immunofluorescent staining of intracellular collagen in cultured fibroblasts and in frozen sections of myocardium was also diminished.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)