tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Respiration and connective tissue diseases.
Authors: M J Walport
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Macrophages have a wide variety of activities and it is largely unknown how the diverse phenotypes of macrophages contribute to pathological conditions in the different types of tissue injury in vivo. In this study we established a novel animal model of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the dysfunction of alveolar epithelial type II (AE2) cells and examined the roles of alveolar macrophages in the acute lung injury. The human diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor (DTR), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), was expressed under the control of the <i>lysozyme M</i> (<i>LysM</i>) gene promoter in the mice. When DT was administrated to the mice they suffered from acute lung injury and died within 4 days. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that AE2 cells as well as alveolar macrophages were deleted via apoptosis in the mice treated with DT. Consistent with the deletion of AE2 cells, the amount of surfactant proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was greatly reduced in the DT-treated transgenic mice. When bone marrow from wild-type mice was transplanted into irradiated LysM-DTR mice, the alveolar macrophages became resistant to DT but the mice still suffered from acute lung injury by DT administration. Compared with the mice in which both AE2 cells and macrophages were deleted by DT administration, the DT-treated LysM-DTR mice with DT-resistant macrophages showed less severe lung injury with a reduced amount of hepatocyte growth factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These results indicate that macrophages play a protective role in noninflammatory lung injury caused by the selective ablation of AE2 cells.
Ion channel function in disease
Authors: P. A Boyden, C. D Jeck
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Ion channel function in disease Get access Penelope A Boyden, Penelope A Boyden * Department of Pharmacology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA *Correspondence to Dr Boyden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cynthia D Jeck Cynthia D Jeck Department of Pharmacology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 3, March 1995, Pages 312–318, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88586-5 Published: 01 March 1995 Article history Received: 17 June 1994 Accepted: 24 October 1994 Published: 01 March 1995
Echocardiographic measurement of cardiac output using the mitral valve and aortic root echo.
Authors: A V Lalani, S J Lee
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The current echo method for measuring cardiac output (CO) has various technical limitations and is based on the assumptions that the left ventricle is not dilated and that it contracts uniformly. We have taken a different approach to measuring CO by echo: CO = cross-sectional area of aortic root X left ventricular ejection time X mean aortic flow velocity X heart rate. Using the Fick method, 34 measurements of CO were made in patients with normal aortic and mitral valves, with simultaneous echo recordings from the aortic and mitral valves. The systolic closure slope of the anterior mitral valve leaflet was assumed to represent the mean aortic flow velocity. CO by Fick and the proposed echo method correlated well, both in patients with (r = 0.94) and those without (r = 0.87) asynergy and the overall correlation was strong (r = 0.90). Using the conventional echo and Fick methods, a much weaker association was found between the two measurements in those patients with asynergy (r = 0.44) as opposed to those without asynergy (r = 0.77).
Tuberculosis of the Oesophagus Masquerading as Ulcerated Tumour
Authors: R. de Mas, G. Lombeck, J.F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

See also: Tuberculosis of the Esophagus and the Importance of Bacteriological Tissue CulturesEndoscopy 1986; 18(06): 254-255DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018396
THE PROPRIETY ROLE OF CIRCULATING MICRORNAS IN PAROXYSMAL OR PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Rahul Pidikiti, Nada Esa, Menhel Kinno, Jeanine A. Ward, Jane E. Freedman, John Keaney, Victor Ambros, David McManus
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Normal Peroxidase Activity in Pendred's Syndrome.
Authors: Stephen Spaulding
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Normal Peroxidase Activity in Pendred's Syndrome.Stephen Spaulding, M.D., Gerard Burrow, M.D., F.A.C.P., Nicholas Alexander, Ph.D., Bruce Bower, M.D., F.A.C.P.Stephen Spaulding, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Gerard Burrow, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Nicholas Alexander, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Bruce Bower, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-815_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFamilial goiter due to defective iodide organification has been divided into three genetic types. Type A, with cretinism, lacks peroxidase activity completely. Type C, with euthyroidism, apparently reflects a defect in the association of the hematin prosthetic group with the peroxide apoenzyme. Type B is Pendred's syndrome, with euthyroidism and nerve deafness, but no specific enzyme defect is known.Our patient, a 12-year-old girl, had a goiter, nerve deafness, and a positive Perchlorate discharge, as did both of her parents and all five siblings. The void volume from Sephadex G-200 chromatography of a 105 000 g supernatant contained 88% of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Stephen Spaulding, M.D.; Gerard Burrow, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Nicholas Alexander, Ph.D.; Bruce Bower, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New Haven and Hartford, Connecticut, and San Diego, California. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 815-815KeywordsChromatographyDeafnessEnzymesGeneticsNervesPeroxidases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
The PROGRESS trial three years later: All aspects of secondary prevention after stroke need to be improved
Authors: Helen Rodgers
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Physiotherapy compared with advice for low back painTargeting "physical factors" alone is not evidence based practice Editor-Frost et al's conclusion that "routine physiotherapy" based on physical factors was no more effective than one session of assessment and advice from a physiotherapist in the management of low back pain is not surprising. 1 But the defensive nature of the responses to this research is. 2 3 This defensiveness arises partly from the perceived rivalry between healthcare professions managing low back pain and the attention grabbing headlines used.In recent years the evidence base has highlighted that low back pain is a multifaceted phenomenon incorporating physical impairment, psychological distress, and social interruption.Thus the effective biopsychosocial management of low back pain should reflect its multifaceted nature and not just focus on the "physical factors," as was done by Frost et al.Being an evidence based practitioner should entail identifying and managing patients' risk factors because risk factors are clinical predictors of outcome and efforts to manage them may reduce the burden of low back pain for those who consult physiotherapists.Because of the recurrent nature of low back pain, talk of a "cure" is unrealistic.Thus the Physiotherapy Pain Association emphasises that patients should be taught skills to self manage their low back problem so that in the long term they are less likely to experience pain related disability and depression, thus improving their quality of life.Receiving passive treatments focusing on physical factors, which show only slight short term benefits, is not in the personal or economic interest of patients with low back pain.As is highlighted by the responses to the study by Frost et al, 3 beliefs about treatment preferences for low back pain vary across professions and can be traced to beliefs about the cause of the problem.
Marked synergism between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in regulation of keratinocyte-derived adhesion molecules and chemotactic factors.
Authors: J N Barker, V Sarma, R S Mitra, V M Dixit, B J Nickoloff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

T lymphocytes and mononuclear cells preferentially accumulate in the epidermis in inflammatory skin disease. To determine the role of keratinocytes in both the chemotaxis and adhesion of these cells to the epidermis, cultured keratinocytes were incubated with IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and mRNA detected and quantitated for IL-8, monocyte chemotaxis and activating factor, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Whereas induction of these mRNAs was either absent, or relatively weak and transient, to either IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha alone, when administered in combination there was a dramatic increase and persistence in the induction of all three genes. Pretreatment of the keratinocytes with cycloheximide failed to eliminate transcription, implying that all three are primary response genes. Transforming growth factor-beta, which modulates other keratinocyte functions (not related to adhesion or chemotaxis of inflammatory cells) failed to induce any of the genes. These novel findings potentially explain the selective recruitment of T cells and monocytes observed in inflammatory skin disease, because IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha can co-ordinately regulate keratinocyte-derived chemoattractants and adhesion molecule production.
Survival at sea.
Authors: D Cullen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Ten hours after onset of an anterior spinal artery syndrome (ASAS) F-waves could not be obtained from the paralysed left hand muscles. F-waves in the right hand were present and motor nerve conduction studies were normal on both sides. One week later paralysis of the right hand together with paraparesis occurred. Two days later F-waves from the right hand had disappeared. Three weeks later MRI confirmed the diagnosis of ischaemic spinal cord infarction.
Legislation: Solar Tax Credit Loses Energy
Authors: Charles W. Schmidt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Cleanup for Broken CFLsCompact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are about 75% more energy efficient than incandescent light bulbs and last 10 times longer, and thus have quickly become a modern-day environmental icon.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that about 290 million CFLs were sold in 2007.But CFLs do have one dim spot on their otherwise bright green image: the mercury that makes the bulbs' inner phosphor coating fluoresce and produce light.A new study from a group of researchers at Brown University characterizes for the first time how elemental mercury vapor escapes from broken CFLs and offers a real-world solution for capturing escaping mercury.According to a June 2008 fact sheet issued by the EPA Energy Star program, the use of CFLs results in a net reduction in mercury entering the environment because their lower energy draw means less mercury-emitting coal needs to be burned.The EPA estimates that using a 13-W CFL saves 376 kWh over its 8,000-hour lifespan, preventing 4.5 mg of mercury from being emitted by a coalburning power plant.Each small, curly tube contains about 3-5 mg of mercurysignificantly less than the 500 mg in older thermometers,
The Rand Health Insurance Study
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Many observers believe that generous medical insurance is a major cause of the large increase over the past few decades in our per capita constant dollar expenditures for health care. According to this notion, patients use more medical services if their insurance pays the entire bill than if they are required to share in the cost of care at the time they receive services.This seems logical, but it was never really tested in a prospective, controlled clinical trial until the federal government contracted with the Rand Corporation over 10 years ago to begin a large-scale study of the relation . . .
Fibromyalgia: an unhelpful diagnosis for patients and doctors
Authors: C. Bass, M. Henderson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Rahman and colleagues’ review describes fibromyalgia as if it is a disease entity, which is misleading.1 Because we recognise the difficulties encountered by these patients, we suggest that the term fibromyalgia be abandoned for several reasons.

Firstly, fibromyalgia is a dimensional or “continuum disorder” and not a “disease.”2

Secondly, fibromyalgia is strongly …
Cheap alcohol is to be outlawed in Scotland
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The days of cheap alcohol being sold in Scotland may soon be over as a minimum price of 50p (€0.6; $0.8) a unit is set to be approved later this month.

It will mean that the cheapest bottle of spirits will rise in price from just under £9 to over £13 and cheap cider will more than double from £1.69 for two litres to £4.20. The aim is to reduce harmful drinking, and it has been estimated that the policy will save 300 lives a year in the first 10 years, result in 6500 fewer admissions to …
Conceptual Organisation and Weight Change
Authors: Fay Fransella, A.H. Crisp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

A form of repertory grid was used to study changes in attitudes to the self and others in the personal environment of two obese women during weight change. During weight loss, view of the self polarized from being evaluatively 'bad' to being close to the ideal. With weight gain the view of self reverted to being 'bad'. After the initial weight loss, change in self construing occurred before change from weight loss to weight gain. The hypothesized prognostic value of degree of complexity of the construing system could not be tested as neither patient retained her weight loss. Further research will show whether the polarization of the self can be used as an indicator of forth-coming relapse and conceptual complexity as a prognostic indicator.
Rationale for the surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases.
Authors: P Marks, M Z Ferrag, H Ashraf
Journal: Thorax (1981)

In a twenty-six year period, 90 patients underwent surgical treatment for metastatic malignant disease of the lung. The primary tumour had apparently been completely removed and there was no evidence of other metastatic spread. Thirty patients enjoyed a survival of more than five years. In 22 cases of the lung lesion was multiple and in 17, the lesions were bilateral. In patients with pulmonary metastases, but without evidence of other dissemination of the disease, resection of the lesions provided useful palliation, and 33% survived for five years of more.
The Effects of the Change in the NRMP Matching Algorithm
Authors: Alvin E. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —Following 2 years of heated controversy about the resident match, the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) recently voted to replace the existing matching algorithm with a newly designed applicant-proposing algorithm. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To design an applicant-proposing algorithm for the match and compare it with the existing NRMP algorithm to determine how many applicants and residency programs could be expected to receive better or worse matches from the 2 algorithms, how the different algorithms influence the opportunity for strategic behavior, and what advice can be given to participants. <h3>Design.</h3> —Computational experiments compared the newly designed applicantproposing algorithm with the existing NRMP algorithm on the rank order lists (ROLs) submitted by all applicants and residency programs in the 1987 and 1993 through 1996 NRMP matches. <h3>Results.</h3> —Differences in the matchings produced by the 2 algorithms are small: fewer than 1 in 1000 applicants would have received a different match. Most (but not all) of the few applicants who are matched to different positions by the 2 algorithms do better when the applicant-proposing algorithm is used; the opposite is true for programs. Opportunities for profitable strategic behavior are very rare for both applicants and programs under either algorithm. With either algorithm, both applicants and programs can be advised that trying to get a preferred match by behaving strategically is far more likely to harm than to help them. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The existing NRMP algorithm and the newly designed applicant-proposing algorithm perform similarly. Both algorithms make it sensible for applicants and residency programs to arrange their ROLs based solely on their preferences for possible matches. The choice of algorithms will systematically affect the matches of only a small group of applicants (&lt;0.1%). The NRMP's recent decision to use the applicant-proposing algorithm starting in 1998 reflects a judgment about the impact of this difference on applicants and programs.
The patch test, skin prick test, and serum milk‐specific IgE as diagnostic tools in cow's milk allergy in infants
Authors: T Vanto, A Koivikko, E Valovirta, K Juntunen‐backman, T Klemola, P Syvänen, E Varjonen, K Kalimo, P Koskinen
Journal: Allergy (1999)

We evaluated the value of the patch test, skin prick test, and milk‐specific IgE by CAP RAST in 301 infants with suspected hypersensitivity to cow's milk. The patch test was carried out with milk powder, and the skin prick test with cow's milk‐based formula. Hypersensitivity to cow's milk was determined with double‐blind, placebo‐controlled challenge. An immediate reaction to cow's milk challenge was observed in 100 infants (33%), a delayed reaction in 76 (25%), and a negative result in 125 (42%). Skin prick test wheals were significantly greater in infants with immediate reactions than in infants with delayed or negative reactions. Milk‐specific IgE was correlated with the skin prick test ( r =0.78, P &lt;0.001, n =268) but did not contribute to further discrimination of immediate reactions from delayed or negative reactions compared to skin prick test alone. In our study population, the skin prick test (diameter ≥3 mm) showed a specificity and sensitivity of 91% and 69%; the results for milk‐specific IgE (≥0.7 kU/l) were 88% and 58%, respectively. The patch test did not distinguish subjects with immediate or delayed reactions from those with negative reactions.
The Interactions of Proinsulin with Insulin Receptors on the Plasma Membrane of the Liver
Authors: Pierre Freychet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The interactions of proinsulin with the insulin-specific receptors were investigated in purified rat liver plasma membranes. These studies were designed to characterize the binding of proinsulin to the insulin receptors, to search for proinsulin-specific receptor sites, and to examine the possibility of proinsulin conversion at the insulin receptor site. Proinsulin was only 3-5% as potent as insulin in binding to insulin receptors. Proinsulin reacted with all of the insulin-specific receptors, and direct binding studies of [125I]porcine proinsulin and [125I]rat proinsulin did not reveal proinsulin-specific receptor sites other than the insulin receptors in rat liver membranes.
Use of Potentially Curative Therapies for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in the United States: Results from the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Phillip J. Gray, Stacey A. Fedewa, William U. Shipley, Jason A. Efstathiou, Chun Chieh Lin, Anthony L. Zietman, Katherine S. Virgo
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Correction: Ray, Not Bay
Authors: N. Kevin Krane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1988Correction: Ray, Not BayN. Kevin Krane, MDN. Kevin Krane, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-12-997_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Ewy (1) clearly shows the use of the abdominojugular test in evaluating an increased central blood volume in patients. Although the article by Burch and Ray (2) on the suggested mechanism of the hepatojugular reflux in congestive heart failure is correctly referenced, Dr. Ray is incorrectly referred to asBayseveral times in the discussion of this important diagnostic maneuver. As a physician who continues to uphold a tradition of excellence in clinical medicine, Dr. Ray would surely appreciate this correction....References1. Ewy G. The abdominojugular test: technique and hemodynamic correlates. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:456-60. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BurchRay GC. Mechanism of the hepatojugular reflux test in congestive heart failure. Am Heart J. 1954;48:373-82. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans, LA 70112 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 12Page: 997-997KeywordsBlood volumeHeart failure ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Improved Surgical Outcome After Fetal Diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Wayne Tworetzky, Doff B. McElhinney, V. Mohan Reddy, Michael M. Brook, Frank L. Hanley, Norman H. Silverman
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is frequently diagnosed prenatally, but this has not been shown to improve surgical outcome. Methods and Results —We reviewed patients with HLHS between July 1992 and March 1999 to determine the influence of prenatal diagnosis on preoperative clinical status, outcomes of stage 1 surgery, and parental decisions regarding care. Of 88 patients, 33 were diagnosed prenatally and 55 after birth. Of 33 prenatally diagnosed patients, 22 were live-born, and pregnancy was terminated in 11. Of 22 prenatally diagnosed patients who were live-born, 14 underwent surgery, and parents elected to forego treatment in 8. Of 55 patients diagnosed postnatally, 38 underwent surgery, and 17 did not because of parental decisions or clinical considerations. Prenatally diagnosed patients were less likely to undergo surgery than patients diagnosed after birth ( P =0.008). Among live-born infants, there was a similar rate of nonintervention. Among patients who underwent surgery, survival was 75% (39/52). All patients who had a prenatal diagnosis and underwent surgery survived, whereas only 25 of 38 postnatally diagnosed patients survived ( P =0.009). Patients diagnosed prenatally had a lower incidence of preoperative acidosis ( P =0.02), tricuspid regurgitation ( P =0.001), and ventricular dysfunction ( P =0.004). They were also less likely to need preoperative inotropic medications or bicarbonate ( P =0.005). Preoperative factors correlating with early mortality included postnatal diagnosis ( P =0.009), more severe acidosis ( P =0.03), need for bicarbonate or inotropes ( P =0.008 and 0.04), and ventricular dysfunction ( P =0.05). Conclusions —Prenatal diagnosis of HLHS was associated with improved preoperative clinical status and with improved survival after first-stage palliation in comparison with patients diagnosed after birth.
Paramecium genome survey: a pilot project
Authors: Philippe Dessen, Marek Zagulski, Robert Gromadka, Helmut Plattner, Roland Kissmehl, Eric Meyer, Mireille Bétermier, Joachim E. Schultz, Jürgen U. Linder, Ronald E. Pearlman, Ching Kung, Jim Forney, Birgit H. Satir, Judith L. Van Houten, Anne-Marie Keller, Marine Froissard, Linda Sperling, Jean Cohen
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2001)