tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in HIV‐associated non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled analysis of 15 prospective studies
Authors: Jorge J. Castillo, Ignacio A. Echenique
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

In HIV-positive patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), no benefit of adding rituximab to chemotherapy was seen in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We performed a meta-analysis of prospective studies to ascertain outcomes in HIV-positive NHL patients treated with chemotherapy (chemo) versus rituximab and chemo (R-chemo). A literature search through September 2011 was performed using the key search "(HIV OR AIDS) AND lymphoma". The main outcomes were overall response rate (ORR), complete response rate (CRR) and 2-year overall survival (OS) and are reported as non-adjusted odds ratio (OR). We identified 15 prospective studies including 1,060 HIV-positive NHL patients, 675 treated with chemo and 385 with R-chemo. There was a higher proportion of HAART in R-chemo patients (82% vs. 68%; p < 0.01) but there were no differences in proportion of patients with advanced stage or high/high-intermediate age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI) scores. Meta-analysis showed the OR for ORR, CRR and 2-year OS in patients treated with R-chemo was 1.39 (95% CI 0.79-2.47; p = 0.26), 1.66 (95% CI 0.98-2.82; p = 0.06) and 2.19 (95% CI 1.68-2.86; p < 0.001), respectively. HIV-positive lymphoma patients treated with R-chemo had higher odds for CR and 2-year OS when compared to chemo but also had a higher proportion of HAART usage.
Time course of endothelial dysfunction and myocardial injury during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in the cat.
Authors: P S Tsao, N Aoki, D J Lefer, G Johnson, A M Lefer
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion have been shown to impair coronary vasorelaxation to endothelium-dependent vasodilators. To examine the time course of this dysfunction, occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery (90 minutes) was followed by reperfusion for 0, 2.5, 5, 20, 180, or 270 minutes. Coronary arterial rings from the ischemic LAD and control left circumflex (LCx) arteries were tested for responsiveness to the endothelium-dependent receptor-mediated vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh), and the endothelium-dependent nonreceptor-mediated vasodilator, A23187, as well as the endothelium-independent vasodilator, NaNO2. ACh relaxation was not impaired after 90 minutes of ischemia without reperfusion. However, 2.5 minutes of reperfusion resulted in depressed ACh responses (36 +/- 10% of control) that was further reduced to 16 +/- 6% at 20 minutes, and remained comparably depressed at every time thereafter. A23187 vasodilator responses were also attenuated after reperfusion, although the reduced response occurred later (that is, at 20 minutes). There was no significant decrease in response to NaNO2 in the LAD at any time or to any vasodilator in LCx control rings. Treatment with recombinant human superoxide dismutase (hSOD, 5 mg/kg/hr, that is, 15,545 SOD units/kg/hr), starting 10 minutes before reperfusion, preserved the vasodilator response to ACh (82 +/- 6%) and A23187, but treatment with the hydroxyl ion scavenger N-(2-mercapto proprionyl)-glycine (MPG) (8 mg/kg/hr) only protected the A23187 response. No damage to the surface of the endothelium was observed by scanning electron microscopy at any time point. Myocardial cell damage increased with time of reperfusion as assessed by increasing plasma CK activities and amounts of necrotic tissue indexed to area at risk. Significant myocardial injury occurred at 3 hours after reperfusion. These findings suggest that endothelial dysfunction resulting in reduced endothelium-derived relaxing factor release occurs before the development of myocardial cell necrosis and may be due to oxygen-derived free radicals produced rapidly on reperfusion.
Scintigraphic Evaluation of Bile Dynamics Before and After Endoscopic Sphincterotomy
Authors: B. CHANDRAMOULI, SHIV M. GUPTA, GEORGE E. COHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Endoscopic sphincterotomy has been used for the treatment of many biliary disorders, including extraction of obstructing common bile duct stones. Manometric studies of the sphincter of Oddi and the common bile duct have shown a marked decrease in biliary tract pressures after sphincterotomy. A prospective study of 12 patients with intact gallbladders using hepatobiliary imaging before and after sphincterotomy was performed to assess changes in bile dynamics. Nonfilling of the gallbladder occurred in 9 of the 12 patients after sphincterotomy, indicating significant alteration of bile flow. Such changes in bile dynamics may have serious implications in patients selected for medical dissolution of gallstones. It may also adversely affect specificity of cholescintigraphy in diagnosing acute cholecystitis.
Ocular toxoplasmosis. An old disease revisited
Authors: R. B. Nussenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>SELECTED CASES</h3><h3>Case 1</h3> A 20-year-old man was seen in 1989 after 10 days of decreasing vision in the right eye. Four months previously, he had lost weight and had lymphadenopathy and fever, which lasted about 4 days. Ocular examination showed poor vision in the right eye (20/200), vitreal cells, and a focal necrotizing retinochoroiditis in the macula. His antitoxoplasmosis immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers were 1:256 and 1:32 000. He was treated with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and prednisone, with a resolution of the lesion's activity. He was left with a scar in the macula, and his vision improved to 20/40. In 1991, he developed a small satellite lesion close to the original one and was retreated. His IgG titer was 1:512, and the IgM titer was negative. <h3>Case 2</h3> In 1978, a 2-year-old boy living in southern Brazil developed a fever that lasted for 3 weeks. Systemic
Medical Information on YouTube—Reply
Authors: Jennifer Keelan
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Global Fund pressures China to engage with civil society groups
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2011)

China has avoided the suspension of its grants from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria after a meeting between the fund and its principal recipient, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese CDC), yielded a commitment to work more closely with civil society organisations and reimburse any funds that have been misspent.

The Global Fund delayed an AIDS grant worth up to $283m (£174m; €200m) to China last November because the Chinese CDC was unable to show a sufficient level of involvement from grassroots organisations working with vulnerable populations.

Jon Liden, spokesman for the …
HLA Matching for Bone Marrow Transplantation — How Much Is Enough?
Authors: Pablo Rubinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Despite the very large number of volunteers willing to donate bone marrow for unrelated recipients (currently numbering over 7 million worldwide), many candidate recipients still cannot obtain marrow because no HLA-matched volunteer can be found. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a group of closely linked genes on chromosome 6, encodes the class I and class II HLA molecules, which, in concert with T-cell receptors, make possible the immune recognition of foreign antigens. HLA molecules are also alloantigens that can trigger immune recognition and graft rejection in unmatched recipients.1 HLA antigens in allografts, in allogeneic leukocytes in transfusions, and in fetal . . .
Albumin and whole-body protein synthesis respond differently to intraperitoneal and oral amino acids
Authors: H.L. Tjiong, M.W. Fieren, T. Rietveld, J.L. Wattimena, H. Schierbeek, J.G.M. Huijmans, W.C. Hop, G.R. Swart, J.W. van den Berg
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Topical acyclovir in the management of recurrent herpes labialis
Authors: A.P. FIDDIAN, LUDMILA IVANYI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of 5% acyclovir ointment was carried out for thirty‐one episodes of herpes labialis in thirteen patients experiencing severe, frequent recurrences. In addition, these patients continued to use acyclovir ointment or placebo for the treatment of twenty‐two further episodes. Treatment was initiated by the patients as soon as possible after onset of prodromal symptoms, and continued five times a day for 5 days. It was found that acyclovir ointment shortened the duration of lesions only by about one day, but it greatly increased the number of abortive lesions resulting from early application. Acyclovir ointment is well tolerated and appears to modify the course of severe recurrent herpes labialis when therapy is initiated by the patient during the prodrome.
The Age of AIDS: A Great Time for Defensive Living
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1985)

It was the age of overindulgence. It was the age of tolerance for anything in anybody. It was the age of fear of imposing one's own social values on someone else. It was the age of the trivialization of sex. It was the age of anticelibacy. It was the age when early teenage sex was commonplace. It was the age when homosexuality came out of the closet and became almost acceptable to those who once found it intolerable. It was the age of easy, irresponsible oversex, abortion on demand, chlamydia, and genital herpes. And it was the age of AIDS.  Not since syphilis among the Spanish, plague among the French, tuberculosis among the Eskimos, and smallpox among the American Indians has there been the threat of such a scourge. Yet, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is different from any disease previously seen clinically and epidemiologically. After the torrents of words
Four years' experience of an interim secure unit.
Authors: J Higgins
Journal: BMJ (1981)

An interim secure unit of 14 beds (Rainford Ward) at Rainhill Hospital has been functioning for four years. During that period 78 patients were referred and 39 were admitted from various sources. Of those admitted, 40% were women, all had committed dangerous acts, and the most common diagnosis was schizophrenia. Only seven patients have stayed for one year or more, and only one seems set to stay indefinitely. Patients discharged are followed up in roughly equal numbers by their catchment area psychiatric teams and by the regional forensic psychiatric service. The number of patients in the ward has settled to about 12 for a population of one million. The unit now functions unobtrusively in a large psychiatric hospital, has a high morale, has had few recruiting problems, and has suffered extremely few disturbing incidents.
Fine bore enteral feeding and pulmonary aspiration.
Authors: M J Boscoe, M D Rosin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A propos de 2 observations, avec 8 episodes de presence du liquide d'alimentation dans les bronches; 5 fois le tube nasogastrique s'etait deplace et etait enroule a la hauteur du pharynx, 3 fois il etait reste en place. On conseille l'emploi de tubes de plus large calibre pour les malades a haut risque. En cas d'aspiration pulmonaire la toilette doit etre faite tres soigneusement sous bronchoscopie (bronchoscope rigide et fibroscope)
Book: War or Health? A Reader
Authors: M. Rowson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Zed Books, £16.95/$29.95, pp 652 ISBN 1 85649 951 0 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Finland may be a small country without any enemies, but it has produced a rather huge book on health and conflict, which will be invaluable to health professionals and policy makers. The recent surge (if a growing trickle can be called that) of interest in health issues arising out of conflict follows a brutal century, in which 107 million people have died as a direct result of war. This book — from the Finnish Physicians for Social Responsibility — covers everything from the health effects of different arms systems, to the demographic and social consequences of war, to the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Trypsin-Like Nature of the Pancreatic Factor That Corrects Vitamin B12 Malabsorption Associated with Pancreatic Dysfunction
Authors: Phillip P. Toskes, Julius J. Deren, Marcel E. Conrad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Hog pancreas was subfractionated and assessed for its ability to correct vitamin B(12) malabsorption in patients with pancreatic dysfunction and in rats with partial pancreatic extirpation. The constituent obtained from the pancreas that increased vitamin B(12) absorption in both humans and rats was soluble at 50,000 g, heat labile, acid stable, and approximately 20,000-25,0000 in molecular weight. The active subfractions contained tryptic and chymotryptic but no amylase or lipase activity. Thrice-crystallized trypsin corrected the vitamin B(12) malabsorption in both patients with pancreatic insufficiency and in rats with subtotal pancreatectomy. These data indicate that pancreatic proteolytic enzymes-in particular, trypsin-are necessary for optimal vitamin B(12) absorption.
Hereditary epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma associated with breast and ovarian cancer in a large kindred
Authors: CLAUDINE BLANCHET-BARDON, V. NAZZARO, JACQUELINE CHEVRANT-BRETON, M. ESPIE, P. KERBRAT, B.LE MAREC
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Hereditary epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma associated with breast and ovarian cancer in a large kindred Get access CLAUDINE BLANCHET‐BARDON, CLAUDINE BLANCHET‐BARDON Clinique Dermatologique and Unité de Recherche sur le Diagnostic Anténatal en Dermatologie Claudine Blanchet‐Bardon, Clinique Dermatologique, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 2 Place du Dr A.Fournier, 75010 Paris, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. NAZZARO, V. NAZZARO Clinique Dermatologique and Unité de Recherche sur le Diagnostic Anténatal en Dermatologie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JACQUELINE CHEVRANT‐BRETON, JACQUELINE CHEVRANT‐BRETON Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hôspitalier et Universitaire de Rennes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. ESPIE, M. ESPIE Service de Medecine Interne Oncologique, Centre des Maladies du Seins, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, Paris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. KERBRAT, P. KERBRAT Centre Anticancéreux, Centre Hôspitalier et Universitaire de Rennes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.LE MAREC B.LE MAREC Consultation de Génétique, Centre Hôspitalier et Universitaire de Rennes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 September 1987, Pages 363–370, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04144.x Published: 01 September 1987
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Ennio C. Rossi
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A 14-year-old boy had the clinical pentad of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) consisting of fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, transient neurological symptoms, and renal involvement. Remission was achieved with treatment consisting of aspirin (1.2 gm/day), dipyridamole (600 mg/day), and prednisone (60 mg/day). At the time of this writing the patient has been in remission for a period of 18 months. This favorable response suggests that steroids combined with inhibitors of platelet function may be of benefit in patients with TTP. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1141-1143, 1974)
Tumor-dependent activation of rodent hepatic stellate cells during experimental melanoma metastasis
Authors: E Olaso, A Santisteban, J Bidaurrazaga, A M Gressner, J Rosenbaum, F Vidal-Vanaclocha
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

In this work we report the presence of intrametastatic smooth-muscle iso-α-actin (SMA)-expressing cells which appeared from the early stages of the hepatic metastasis process of intrasplenically injected B16 melanoma (B16M) cells. They formed a network of stromal cells among B16M cells, a very low percentage of them expressing desmin. In contrast, those parts of liver tissue unaffected by metastasis had perisinusoidal desmin-expressing quiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSC) which did not express SMA. Exposure of freshly isolated rat quiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSC) to B16M cell-conditioned medium (B16M-CM) leads to a progressive increase ( P &lt; .01) in the number of SMA-expressing cells, which was accompanied by a parallel reduction in the number of desmin-expressing cells. In addition, B16M-CM also contained chemotactic factor(s) which significantly ( P &lt; .01) increased (50%) in vitro qHSC migration and stimulated both [ 3 H]thymidine and [ 3 H]glucosamine uptake in qHSC. Moreover, B16M-CM also significantly ( P &lt; .01) enhanced qHSC secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and unknown chemotactic factor(s) enhancing in vitro migration of B16M cells. The results suggest that B16 melanoma releases qHSC-activating factors, which induce the appearance of metastasis-infiltrating myofibroblasts by a paracrine mechanism. Such cells showed cytoskeletal alterations which are associated with enhanced proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, MMP-2 secretion, and tumor-chemotactic factor production. Thus, tumor-activated qHSC may play an important role in melanoma cell motility and invasion during hepatic metastasis progression.
SOME FACTS ABOUT APPENDICITIS. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL.
Authors: J. H. CARSTENS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Experienced surgeons make the statement that if they should have 100 consecutive cases of appendicitis and should operate on all of them as soon as the diagnosis was made, they could show a better list of perfect recoveries and a smaller death-rate than if 100 similar cases were treated on the expectant plan and those only operated on which were finally selected by conservative practitioners. I agree with the above statement, but not with the assertion of the ultra-conservative members of the profession when they say that the radical surgeons insist that every patient should be operated on immediately. I never heard a surgeon say so. Surgeons say that it would be better if every case could be operated on, but every careful surgeon selects the time and method of operation in each case. And each case varies. Even if we say that every case ought to be operated on,
Consumer Safety Regulation: Putting a Price on Life and Limb
Authors: James J. Andonian
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Having grown up with Ralph Nader as the predominant and, at times, the only consumer advocate for safety regulations, I find that this text provides a refreshingly different perspective. It is written by an economist who repeatedly challenges the rationale of the consumer advocates on one side and the government policymakers on the other who fail to incorporate sound economics. A vast portion of this book is spent convincing the reader how frequently economic fundamentals get buried in the emotional battles over many consumer-safety issues. The book is divided into three parts and eight chapters. The highlight of Part I is an overview of consumer-safety policies in the United States with emphasis on the evolution and impact of the Food, Drug and Safety Act and the Hazardous Substance Labeling Act. Part II develops the traditional and nontraditional economic arguments for public protection. A chapter is dedicated to how consumer misperception
A Short History of the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford
Authors: William C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

So much has been written about Oxford personalities in medicine that it is a relief to have something written on the hospital which for two centuries has been the center of Oxford clinical medicine. Not only has Dr. Robb-Smith picked up the story from where Dr. A. G. Gibson left off in 1926 in his book,<i>The Radcliffe Infirmary</i>, he has also happily reviewed some of the origins of medicine in Oxford University. Some of the 20th-century stories dealt with discuss Osler's years at the Radcliffe from 1905 to 1919 and the great contribution which he made at the bedside and in the postmortem room. A considerable interest attaches to the description also of Osler's pupils there who were later to be some of the outstanding teachers when the clinical courses for credit began in 1937, and increased tremendously during World War II. The development of Lord Nuffield's interest in
Coronary stenting in elderly patients. Results from the stent without Coumadin French registry
Authors: Thierry Lefèvre, Marie-claude Morice, Bernard Labrunie, Yves Chabrillat, Yves Guérin, Remy Pillière, Yves Louvard, Max Amor, Gaëtan Karillon, Edgar Benveniste
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)