tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DEFICIENT FOLATE ACTIVITY DURING TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS WITH METHOTREXATE DIAGNOSED BY DETERMINATION OF SERINE SYNTHESIS IN LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: J. ELLEGAARD, V. ESMANN, L. HENRIKSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article DEFICIENT FOLATE ACTIVITY DURING TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS WITH METHOTREXATE DIAGNOSED BY DETERMINATION OF SERINE SYNTHESIS IN LYMPHOCYTES Get access J. ELLEGAARD, J. ELLEGAARD Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. ESMANN, V. ESMANN Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. HENRIKSEN L. HENRIKSEN Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 3, 1 September 1972, Pages 248–255, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb00314.x Published: 01 September 1972 Article history Accepted: 29 March 1972 Published: 01 September 1972
Interferon suppresses erythromycin metabolism in rats and human subjects
Authors: Philip I. Craig, Michael Tapner, Geoffrey C. Farrell
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Interferon down-regulates expression of cytochrome P-450 3A in male rats. This study explored the hypothesis that interferon therefore decreases the metabolism of drugs catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 3A. Initial experiments in male rats used microsomal erythromycin N-demethylase activity as a probe for cytochrome P-450 3A catalytic activity. After administration of rat interferon-gamma, erythromycin metabolism was impaired (53% of control; p < 0.01). This change correlated with the decline in cytochrome P-450 3A-dependent androstenedione 6 beta-hydroxylase activity, indicating that the decrease in erythromycin N-demethylase activity could be attributed to interferon-mediated suppression of cytochrome P-450 3A. We then used the [14C]N-methyl erythromycin breath test to assess the activity of hepatic cytochrome P-450 3A in rats and human subjects before and after a single dose of interferon. In rats, rat interferon-gamma decreased erythromycin metabolism to 57% of control (p < 0.005). In the human study, six patients with chronic active hepatitis C and four healthy controls were examined 20 to 26 hr after receiving a subcutaneous injection of human interferon-alpha 2b. Interferon produced a small decrease (median = 15%; range = 3% to 35%) in erythromycin metabolism (p < 0.05), as determined by 2-hr excretion of 14CO2 in the breath. Thus interferon-mediated suppression of cytochrome P-450 3A is less strong in human subjects than in male rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Improved defibrillation thresholds with large contoured epicardial electrodes and biphasic waveforms.
Authors: E G Dixon, A S Tang, P D Wolf, J T Meador, M J Fine, R V Calfee, R E Ideker
Journal: Circulation (1987)

A reduction in the shock strength required for defibrillation would allow use of a smaller automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and would reduce the possibility of myocardial damage by the shock. Most internal defibrillation electrodes require 5 to 25 J for successful defibrillation in human beings and in dogs. In an attempt to lower the shock strength needed for defibrillation, we designed two large titanium defibrillation patch electrodes that were contoured to fit over the right and left ventricles of the dog heart, covering areas of approximately 33 and 39 cm2, respectively. In six anesthetized open-chest dogs, the electrodes were secured directly to the epicardium and ventricular fibrillation was induced by 60 Hz alternating current. Truncated exponential monophasic and biphasic shocks were given 10 sec later and defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) were determined. The DFT was 159 +/- 48 V, 3.2 +/- 1.9 J (mean +/- SD) for 10 msec monophasic shocks and 106 +/- 22 V, 1.3 +/- 0.4 J, for biphasic shocks with both phase durations equal to 5 msec (5-5 msec). The experiment was repeated in another six dogs in which the electrodes were secured to the pericardium. The mean DFT was not significantly higher than that for the electrodes on the epicardium: 165 +/- 27 V, 3.1 +/- 1.2 J for 10 msec monophasic shocks and 116 +/- 19 V, 1.6 +/- 0.5 J for 5-5 msec biphasic shocks. Low DFTs were also obtained with biphasic shocks in which the duration of the first phase was longer than that of the second.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acquired arteriovenous communication: complication of cannulation of internal jugular vein.
Authors: R Hayward, H Swanton, T Treasure
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Pneumococcal cross infection in hospitalThe mortality associated with pneumococcal infection has been reduced with chemotherapy and modern supportive care, though pneumococcal bacteraemia in elderly patients still carries a poor prognosis.The ready availability of penicillin and other antibiotics that are effective against pneumococci may have distracted attention from cross infection among patients. Case reportsFour women admitted to the same postnatal ward after delivery were infected with the same serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae.The first woman to be infected was feverish when first seen, complaining of shortness of breath and generalised muscular pain.Cultures of blood taken on admission showed S pneumoniae capsular type 9.She received parenteral ampicillin within 48 hours after admission.Two days after the first patient was delivered a second patient, who had previously been well, developed a temperature of 39 C and signs of lobar pneumonia.S pneumoniae capsular type 9 was grown from her sputum.Two days later two more patients who had both undergone caesarean section one day before and were being nursed in adjacent rooms on the same ward, developed similar signs.Results of microscopic examination of sputum in both were consistent with pneumococcal infection, but culture of sputum yielded negative results as parenteral ampicillin had been started before the sputum was obtained.Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis on sputum showed the presence of type 9 pneumococcal antigen in both cases.The table shows the results of laboratory investigations in all four patients. Results of laboratory investigationsSputum Case Blood culture No Culture Antigen titre 1 No pathogens isolated Not done S pneumoniae type 9 2 S pneumoniae type 9 .Positive; 1/100 Negative t Spneumoniae type 9 3 No pathogens isolated* fPositive; neat Negative Spneumoniae type 9 4 No pathogens isolated* Positive; 1/1000 Negative t S pneumoniae type 9 *Antibiotics administered before specimen collected.Three patients (cases 2, 3, and 4) were probably infected by the strain of S pneumoniae introduced by the first patient.The last two patients to be infected were nursed in single side rooms, and no further cases were detected.'Sinigar H.The variability in virulence of the pneumococcus.
TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS AVOIDED WITH APIXABAN VERSUS ASPIRIN TREATMENT AMONG ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS UNABLE OR UNWILLING TO TAKE WARFARIN, BASED ON THE AVERROES TRIAL RESULTS: ACC ORAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Authors: Alpesh N. Amin, Steven Deitelzweig, Yonghua Jing, Dinara Makenbaeva, Daniel Wiederkehr, Jay Lin, John Graham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Periodic fever syndromes: a diagnostic challenge for the allergist
Authors: M. Lierl
Journal: Allergy (2007)

The objective was to present a case of periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA), summarize the medical literature on PFAPA, review the differential diagnosis and suggest a diagnostic approach to periodic fevers in children. A PubMed search was conducted for all case reports and series of patients with PFAPA. The references of these papers yielded further case reports. Review articles or large case series were used for sources of information regarding the other periodic fever and autoinflammatory syndromes. All cases reported as PFAPA were included in the review, even though a few of the cases may not have been accurately diagnosed. The periodic fever and autoinflammatory syndromes of childhood are a group of diseases that cause repeated febrile illnesses with various associated symptoms. Except for PFAPA, each of these diseases is caused by a known genetic mutation. Effective treatment options and long‐term prognosis varies among these syndromes. Children with periodic fever or autoinflammatory syndromes sometimes present to an Allergy/Immunology clinic for immunologic evaluation. It is important for the Allergy/Immunology specialist to be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and treatment of these conditions.
Decreased Rate of Coronary Restenosis after Lowering of Plasma Homocysteine Levels
Authors: Guido Schnyder, Marco Roffi, Riccardo Pin, Yvonne Flammer, Helmut Lange, Franz R. Eberli, Bernhard Meier, Zoltan G. Turi, Otto M. Hess
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

We have previously demonstrated an association between elevated total plasma homocysteine levels and restenosis after percutaneous coronary angioplasty. We designed this study to evaluate the effect of lowering plasma homocysteine levels on restenosis after coronary angioplasty.
FIRST-IN-HUMAN PHASE I CLINICAL TRIAL OF ONCOLYTIC DELTA-24-RGD (DNX-2401) WITH BIOLOGICAL ENDPOINTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR VIRO- IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: F. F. Lang, C. Conrad, C. Gomez-Manzano, F. Tufaro, W. Yung, R. Sawaya, J. Weinberg, S. Prabhu, G. Fuller, K. Aldape, J. Fueyo
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: (blind field). METHODS: Patients with recurrent high grade gliomas were enrolled in one of two arms. Group A patients (clinical assessment group) received a single intratumoral injection of DNX-2401 into biopsy-proven recurrent glioma. Group B patients (biological endpoint group) received an initial intratumoral injection through a permanently implanted catheter (to identify the injection site) followed 14 days later by en bloc tumor resection (to obtain post-treatment specimens) and subsequent injection of DNX-2401 into the post-resection tumor bed. Dose was escalated from 1x10^7 to 3x10^10 viral particles (vp) in 8 cohorts. Patients were followed with clinical exams, MRIs, and laboratory studies. RESULTS: Histological analysis of post-treatment en bloc surgical specimens cut perpendicular to the implanted catheter proved for the first time that DNX-2401 was capable of infecting, replicating in, and killing human glioma tumor cells (Group B; N = 12). The maximum dose achieved was 3 × 10^10 vp as planned (Group A; N = 25). DNX-2401 resulted in no toxicity in each cohort. Ongoing outcome analyses show an overall median survival of 11 months. Remarkably, complete responses were seen in 3 patients (12%) (#12, #33, #37), all of whom are currently alive with no evidence of disease (3.2, 2 and 1.75 years after treatment). Serial MRIs revealed a period of increased enhancement prior to tumor regression, consistent with an inflammatory response. Histological analysis of a resected tumor from a symptomatic patient (#20) in Arm A during this period of increased MRI-enhancement identified primarily inflammatory cells (macrophages/CD8 T-cells) and only rare glioma cells. Analyses of inflammatory cytokines in serum revealed that, compared with all other patients, the 3 responders had 10-fold to 10,000-fold increases in Interleukin-12p70 (which polarizes T(h)0-cells to T(h)1-cells and promotes cell-mediated immunity). CONCLUSIONS: DNX-2401 is a new oncolytic virus with a favorable toxicity profile that is capable of replicating in and killing human glioma cells. Efficacy in this early stage trial was impressive with a 12% complete response-rate that has proven to be durable. Molecular studies suggest that viral-induced, anti-tumor cytotoxic immunity (in situ vaccine) may play a role in the anti-glioma effect of DNX-2401. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Immunobiology & Immunotherapy.
Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion in Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Frederick L. Dunn, Angel Pietri, Philip Raskin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were measured in 10 insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetics taking their usual dose of conventionally administered insulin during 6 months of a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion delivered with a small, portable, battery-powered pump. With this insulin delivery system we were able to provide near normal glucoregulation 24 hours a day for the entire study. This improved glucoregulation resulted in significant reductions in total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, and very low density and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels within 2 to 4 weeks of treatment. These changes persisted for the entire 6 months of observation. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels rose significantly after 2 months of treatment and continued to increase during the 6-month study. These changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in response to treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion would favorably alter the predicted risk for the development of premature atherosclerosis in these patients.
INDIGENOUS, NORMAL, AND AUTOCHTHONOUS FLORA OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: René Dubos, Russell W. Schaedler, Richard Costello, Philippe Hoet
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

The bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract differs qualitatively and quantitatively from one colony of mice to another. Certain components of this flora, however, are always present in large and approximately constant numbers in healthy adult mice, irrespective of the colony from which the animals are derived. Lactobacilli and anaerobic streptococci are extremely numerous in the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine. In contrast, organisms of the bacteroides group proliferate only in the large intestine. These three bacterial species persist at approximately constant levels in their characteristic localization throughout the life span of healthy animals. They are closely associated with the walls of the digestive organs, and are probably concentrated in the mucous layer. A few experiments carried out with rats and young swine indicate that lactobacilli are also present in large numbers in the stomach of these animal species. It is suggested that some of the components of the gastrointestinal flora have become symbiotic with their hosts in the course of evolutionary development and thus constitute a true autochthonous flora. The other components of the indigenous flora are acquired early in life either through accidental contact or because they are ubiquitous in the environment. The "normal" flora is that which is always present in the environment of the animal colony under consideration.
Epigenetically Controlled Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Signaling Imposes on the RAS/BRAF/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway to Modulate Thyroid Cancer Progression
Authors: Tetsuo Kondo, Lei Zheng, Wei Liu, Junichi Kurebayashi, Sylvia L. Asa, Shereen Ezzat
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals play fundamental roles in development and tumorigenesis. Thyroid cancer is an example of a tumor with nonoverlapping genetic mutations that up-regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Here, we show that FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1), which is expressed mainly in neoplastic thyroid cells, propagates MAPK activation and promotes tumor progression. In contrast, FGFR2 is down-regulated in neoplastic thyroid cells through DNA promoter methylation. Reexpression of FGFR2 competes with FGFR1 for the immediate substrate FGFR substrate 2 to impede signaling upstream of the BRAF/MAPK pathway. These data unmask an epigenetically controlled FGFR2 signal that imposes precisely on the intragenically modified BRAF/MAPK pathway to modulate thyroid cancer behavior. [Cancer Res 2007;67(11):5461–70]
Systemic AL amyloidosis with acquired factor X deficiency: A study of perioperative bleeding risk and treatment outcomes in 60 patients
Authors: Carrie A. Thompson, Robert Kyle, Morie Gertz, John Heit, Rajiv Pruthi, Animesh Pardanani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Systemic light-chain (AL) amyloidosis may be associated with acquired factor X (FX) deficiency and optimal management of this coagulopathy is unknown. We reviewed our experience with 60 patients with isolated FX deficiency (< or =50%) due to AL amyloidosis that underwent an invasive procedure between 1975 and 2007. They were classified as having severe (<10%; n = 6), moderate (10-25%; n = 15), or mild (26-50%; n = 39) FX deficiency. The patients underwent a total of 112 procedures, 19 (17%) of which were managed with periprocedural treatment with one or more hemostatic agents. There were complications in 14 (13%) procedures (bleeding = 12, thrombosis = 1, death = 1). Baseline FX level was not predictive of bleeding risk; the only association with postintervention bleeding was central venous catheter placement. However, bleeding complications were relatively infrequent, particularly in patients with mild or moderate FX deficiency undergoing nonvascular procedures. Activated recombinant factor VII might be considered in patients undergoing major surgical procedures, but further experience is needed. Optimal management of AL patients with FX deficiency undergoing invasive procedures remains to be determined.
Is Memory Impairment a Rate Limiter in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Chronic Schizophrenia?
Authors: Rafael Penadés, Rosa Catalán, Núria Pujol, Olga Puig, Joana Guarch, Guillem Masana, Víctor Navarro, Cristóbal Gastó
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)
Replication of genomewide associations with allergic sensitization and allergic rhinitis
Authors: D. Nilsson, V. Henmyr, C. Halldén, T. Säll, I. Kull, M. Wickman, E. Melén, L. O. Cardell
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Three genomewide metastudies have recently reported associations with self-reported allergic rhinitis and allergic sensitization. The three studies together identified a set of 37 loci but showed low concordance. This study investigates the reproducibility of the detected single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations in an extensively characterized longitudinal cohort, BAMSE.Phenotypic evaluation of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic sensitization was performed on 2153 children from BAMSE at 8 and 16 years of age. Allele frequencies of 39 SNPs were investigated for association with the exact allergic phenotypes of the metastudies. Odds ratios and false discovery rates were calculated, and the impact of asthma was evaluated. The cases were also evaluated for age at onset effects (≤ or >8 years of age).Association tests of the 39 SNPs identified 12 SNPs with P-values < 0.05 and Q-values < 0.10. Two of the four loci (TLR6-TLR1 and HLA-DQA1-HLA-DQB1) identified in all three original studies were also identified in this study. Three SNPs located in the TLR6-TLR1 locus had the lowest P-values and Q-values < 0.1 when using a well-defined AR phenotype. Two loci showed significant age at onset effects, but the effect of asthma on the associations was very limited.The TLR6-TLR1 locus is likely to have a central role in the development of allergic disease. The association between genetic variation in the SSTR1-MIPOL1 and TSLP-SLC25A46 loci and age at onset is the first report of age at onset effects in allergic rhinitis.
Domestic Returns from Investment in the Control of Tuberculosis in Other Countries
Authors: Kevin Schwartzman, Olivia Oxlade, R. Graham Barr, Franque Grimard, Ivelisse Acosta, Jeannette Baez, Elizabeth Ferreira, Ricardo Elías Melgen, Willy Morose, Arturo Cruz Salgado, Vary Jacquet, Susan Maloney, Kayla Laserson, Ariel Pablos Mendez, Dick Menzies
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We hypothesized that investments to improve the control of tuberculosis in selected high-incidence countries would prove to be cost saving for the United States by reducing the incidence of the disease among migrants.Using decision analysis, we estimated tuberculosis-related morbidity, mortality, and costs among legal immigrants and refugees, undocumented migrants, and temporary visitors from Mexico after their entry into the United States. We assessed the current strategy of radiographic screening of legal immigrants plus current tuberculosis-control programs alone and with the addition of either U.S.-funded expansion of the strategy of directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS), in Mexico or tuberculin skin testing to screen legal immigrants from Mexico. We also examined tuberculosis-related outcomes among migrants from Haiti and the Dominican Republic using the same three strategies.As compared with the current strategy, expanding the DOTS program in Mexico at a cost to the United States of 34.9 million dollars would result in 2591 fewer cases of tuberculosis in the United States, with 349 fewer deaths from the disease and net discounted savings of 108 million dollars over a 20-year period. Adding tuberculin skin testing to radiographic screening of legal immigrants from Mexico would result in 401 fewer cases of tuberculosis in the United States but would cost an additional 329 million dollars. Expansion of the DOTS program would remain cost saving even if the initial investment were doubled, if the United States paid for all antituberculosis drugs in Mexico, or if the decline in the incidence of tuberculosis in Mexico was less than projected. A 9.4 million dollars investment to expand the DOTS program in Haiti and the Dominican Republic would result in net U.S. savings of 20 million dollars over a 20-year period.U.S.-funded efforts to expand the DOTS program in Mexico, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic could reduce tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality among migrants to the United States, producing net cost savings for the United States.