tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Using SV119‐Gold Nanocage Conjugates to Eradicate Cancer Stem Cells Through a Combination of Photothermal and Chemo Therapies
Authors: Tianmeng Sun, Yi Wang, Yucai Wang, Jinbin Xu, Xin Zhao, Suwanna Vangveravong, Robert H. Mach, Younan Xia
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be responsible for the long‐term growth of a tumor, as well as its metastasis and recurrence after conventional therapies. Here, it is demonstrated that the sigma‐2 receptor is overexpressed on the surface of breast CSCs, and thus could serve as a biomarker for the purpose of targeting. Breast CSCs are targeted with Au nanocages (AuNCs) by functionalizing their surfaces with SV119, a synthetic small molecule capable of binding to the sigma‐2 receptor with high specificity. The interiors of the AuNCs could also be loaded with an anticancer drug to be selectively delivered to breast CSCs and released in a controllable fashion. The results demonstrate that the SV119‐AuNC conjugate can serve as a new platform to carry out photothermal and chemo therapies simultaneously, eradicating breast CSCs more effectively through a synergetic effect.
Effectiveness of Patient Care in an Emergency Room
Authors: Robert H. Brook, Robert L. Stevenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Abstract Management processes and outcomes for 141 emergency-room patients scheduled for upper gastrointestinal series, barium enemas or cholecystography were evaluated. Ninety-four out of 141 patients completed their diagnostic x-ray studies, and 77 (55 per cent) received an adequate work-up for the intern's diagnostic impression. Only 37 out of 98 patients having a diagnostic x-ray examination knew whether it was normal or abnormal, and just 14 out of the 38 patients with an abnormal x-ray result (37 per cent) appeared to have received adequate therapy. Thus, management of this cohort of 141 patients resulted in effective medical care for 38 patients (27 per cent), ineffective care for 84 patients (60 per cent) and neither effective nor ineffective care for 19 patients (13 per cent).
Urinary Cyclic AMP in Periodic Catatonia
Authors: THOMAS L. PERRY, GEORGE I. DRUMMOND, SUSAN HEMMINGS, SHIRLEY HANSEN, LEIV R. GJESSING
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Urinary excretion of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was measured in two patients with long-established periodic catatonia. One patient exhibited profound stupor in his psychotic phases, while the other exhibited catatonic excitement. No significant differences in urinary cyclic AMP levels were found in either patient between the interval and psychotic phases, nor were there any significant changes in cyclic AMP excretion at or just before the time of abrupt switch from the interval of normality to catatonic stupor or excitement.
932 ELEVATED CIRCULATING TH17 CELLS MAY INDICATE UNFAVORABLE PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HBV RELATED ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE
Authors: G.-L. Zhang, D.-Y. Xie, B.-L. Lin, L. Peng, C. Xie, S.-Q. Zhang, Y.-F. Zhang, Q. Lai, J.-Y. Zhu, Y. Zhang, Z.-L. Gao
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Ventilation–perfusion scintigraphy provided useful information for diagnosing pulmonary embolism
Authors: Michael K. Gould
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Source Citation Sostman HD, Stein PD, Gottschalk A, et al. Acute pulmonary embolism: sensitivity and specificity of ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy in PIOPED II study. Radiology. 2008;246:941-6. 18195380
The Holy Cross College Football Team Hepatitis Outbreak
Authors: Leonard J. Morse
Journal: JAMA (1972)

During a 15-day period in September and October 1969, an outbreak of infectious hepatitis affected the members of a college football team. Of 97 persons exposed, 90 were infected, 32 experienced typical icteric disease, 22 were anicteric but symptomatic, and 36 asymptomatic players were recognized as having significantly elevated serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase values (&gt; 100 units). Other athletes, using the same facilities but arriving six days after the established date of exposure, were unaffected. The decision to obtain blood samples from the entire team, as soon as the initial cases were recognized, resulted in the demonstration of an unexpectedly high attack rate of 93%. Epidemiologic investigation revealed that an infected group of children in the neighborhood, an imperfect drinking water supply, a warm August day, a football team in training, and a local fire were links in the chain which resulted in this most unusual outbreak of infectious hepatitis.
Acral hyperpigmented macules and longitudinal melanonychia in AIDS patients
Authors: V. GALLAIS, J.Ph. LACOUR, C. PERRIN, G. GHANEM, I. BODOKH, J.P. ORTONNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Acral hyperpigmented macules and longitudinal melanonychia in AIDS patients Get access V. GALLAIS, V. GALLAIS Departments of Dermatology, University of Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Ph. LACOUR, J.Ph. LACOUR Departments of Dermatology, University of Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France Dr Jean‐Philippe Lacour, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Pasteur, BP 69, 06002 Nice Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. PERRIN, C. PERRIN Departments of Pathology, University of Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. GHANEM, G. GHANEM L.O.C.E., Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs, Bruxelles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. BODOKH, I. BODOKH Departments of Dermatology, University of Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. ORTONNE J.P. ORTONNE Departments of Dermatology, University of Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 4, 1 April 1992, Pages 387–391, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00686.x Published: 01 April 1992
Probing cell type–specific functions of Gi in vivo identifies GPCR regulators of insulin secretion
Authors: Jean B. Regard, Hiroshi Kataoka, David A. Cano, Eric Camerer, Liya Yin, Yao-Wu Zheng, Thomas S. Scanlan, Matthias Hebrok, Shaun R. Coughlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

The in vivo roles of the hundreds of mammalian G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are incompletely understood. To explore these roles, we generated mice expressing the S1 subunit of pertussis toxin, a known inhibitor of Gi/o signaling, under the control of the ROSA26 locus in a Cre recombinase–dependent manner (ROSA26PTX). Crossing ROSA26PTX mice to mice expressing Cre in pancreatic β cells produced offspring with constitutive hyperinsulinemia, increased insulin secretion in response to glucose, and resistance to diet-induced hyperglycemia. This phenotype underscored the known importance of Gi/o and hence of GPCRs for regulating insulin secretion. Accordingly, we quantified mRNA for each of the approximately 373 nonodorant GPCRs in mouse to identify receptors highly expressed in islets and examined the role of several. We report that 3-iodothyronamine, a thyroid hormone metabolite, could negatively and positively regulate insulin secretion via the Gi-coupled α2A-adrenergic receptor and the Gs-coupled receptor Taar1, respectively, and protease-activated receptor–2 could negatively regulate insulin secretion and may contribute to physiological regulation of glucose metabolism. The ROSA26PTX system used in this study represents a new genetic tool to achieve tissue-specific signaling pathway modulation in vivo that can be applied to investigate the role of Gi/o-coupled GPCRs in multiple cell types and processes.
Ethyl Alcohol and the Heart
Authors: TIMOTHY J. REGAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Since a significant fraction of the population are heavy consumers of ethanol, and recent postmortem studies suggest that most alcoholics have some degree of cardiac abnormality, elucidation of the basis for alcoholic cardiomyopathy is of some importance. Intoxicating amounts of ethanol depress ventricular function acutely and effect leakage of myocardial cell components. On the basis of studies in three animal species and in man, it would appear that the cumulative effects of chronic ethanol intake can, without evident malnutrition, depress ventricular function and produce metabolic and morphologic abnormalities of the myocardium before clinical manifestations. Progression of the disease to produce heart failure, arrhythmias, or thromboembolism, separately or in combination, occurs under multiple circumstances that are not clearly defined. These would appear to include the cumulative effects without superimposed factors, an intensified drinking episode, simultaneous exposure to trace metals in excess, and occasional specific nutritional deficiency or superimposed infection. The low incidence of nutritional complications such as cirrhosis, peripheral neuritis, and delirium tremens associated with cardiomyopathy supports the view that the cardiac abnormality is commonly not dependent on malnutrition. Finally, clinical data indicate that cessation of alcohol intake will reverse the disease or interrupt its progression in many patients. Anticoagulant therapy is recommended at least during the early recovery stage.
Tuberculous Peritonitis
Authors: Madan M. Singh, Amar N. Bhargava, Kranti P. Jain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Of 47 patients with tuberculous peritonitis followed for an average of three years x-ray examination showed a parenchymal pulmonary lesion in only 6 per cent. Barium-enema and barium-meal studies, intravenous pyelography and salpingography revealed no tuberculous lesion in the adjacent organs in this series. With the use of about 1 liter of ascitic fluid, acid-fast bacilli were cultured in 83 per cent of the patients. Percutaneous peritoneal biopsy proved to be a simple and useful method of arriving at a quick diagnosis, and a caseating granuloma was demonstrated by this technic in 64 per cent. Other serous membranes were often involved in patients with tuberculous peritonitis. Pleural effusion was present in 32 per cent and cryptic pericarditis characterized by electrocardiographic changes only in 13 per cent. Antituberculous drugs were highly effective, and concomitant use of steroids prevented the late fibrotic complications of tuberculosis in the form of constrictive pericarditis and intestinal obstruction from adhesive bands.
FIVE-YEAR CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH MEDICALLY MANAGED SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS: RESULTS FROM A MEDICARE CLAIMS ANALYSIS
Authors: Mary Ann Clark, Francis Duhay, Ann K. Thompson, Michelle J. Keyes, Lars G. Svensson, Robert O. Bonow, Benjamin T. Stockwell, David J. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Unusual Reaction to Rabies Vaccine
Authors: Harold B. Kaiser
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Pasteur demonstrated in 1884 that rabies was caused by an infectious agent, and he developed a rabies vaccine grown in rabbit nervous tissue which was used for active immunization.<sup>1</sup>Refinements of this vaccine were in general clinical use until several years ago, even though allergic encephalomyelitis was a frequent complication of treatment.<sup>2</sup>Rabies vaccine (duck embryo) (DEV) was developed to circumvent these side effects.<sup>3</sup>Because the virus is not grown on neurological tissue, the allergic complications which sometimes accompanied the earlier Pasteur and Semple vaccines have been virtually eliminated.<sup>4</sup>Systemic reactions to DEV have been rare, so it seems useful to report an unusual reaction pattern we observed in three Peace Corps volunteers who were given the vaccine prophylactically before going to Ethiopia. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>CASE 1.—</h3> A 22-year-old white woman was given 1 cc of DEV subcutaneously. Within 15 minutes abdominal pain, malaise, nausea,
First rise in cot deaths for five years
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The downward trend in the number of deaths from the sudden infant death syndrome in England and Wales was reversed in 1996, with a rise to 441 deaths, or 0.7 per 1000 live births, a slight increase on the 1995 figure of 0.6, which was the lowest ever recorded. Estimated figures of 43 cot deaths in Scotland and …
Patient Empowerment: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Robert M Anderson, Martha M Funnell, Patricia M Butler, Marilynn S Arnold, James T Fitzgerald, Catherine C Feste
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if participation in a patient empowerment program would result in improved psychosocial self-efficacy and attitudes toward diabetes, as well as a reduction in blood glucose levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was conducted as a randomized, wait-listed control group trial. The intervention group received a six-session (one session per week) patient empowerment education program; the control group was assigned to a wait-list. At the end of 6 weeks, the control group completed the six-session empowerment program. Six weeks after the program, both groups provided follow-up data. RESULTS The intervention group showed gains over the control group on four of the eight self-efficacy subscales and two of the five diabetes attitude subscales. Also, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels. Within groups, analysis of data from all program participants showed sustained improvements in all of the self-efficacy areas and two of the five diabetes attitude subscales and a modest improvement in blood glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that patient empowerment is an effective approach to developing educational interventions for addressing the psychosocial aspects of living with diabetes. Furthermore, patient empowerment is conducive to improving blood glucose control. In an ideal setting, patient education would address equally blood glucose management and the psychosocial challenges of living with diabetes.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1B infection is associated with a high incidence of graft cirrhosis after liver transplantation (OLT)
Authors: M. Prieto, M. Rayón, M. Berenguer, J. Córdoba, D. Carrasco, V. Olaso, J. Mir, J. Berenguer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Cancer of the Head and Neck
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Radical neck node dissection occupies the same position in the management of head and neck cancer as does axillary neck dissection after radical mastectomy in breast cancer. Although it is the preferred procedure for removing metastatic cervical glands, the limitations of the approach alone constitute a source of increasing controversy. More patients die from recurrent or uncontrolled regional neck node cancer than from localized primary disease, according to MacComb and Fletcher.<sup>1</sup>The success rate in controlling metastatic neck nodes once they are histologically confirmed ranges from 25% to 40%. Although recurrences from surgery are managed with irradiation, control has not been good. The employment of irradiation prior to surgery is being evaluated in a variety of circumstances; its preoperative administration may either halt the growth of cervical nodes as the primary is being irradiated, or lower the incidence of surgical recurrence by reducing the seeding process. Reference to neck
581 Effects of ribavirin combined with interferon alpha-2B on viral kinetics during the first 12 weeks of treatment in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 and high baseline viral loads
Authors: M ENOMOTO, S NISHIGUCHI, M KOHMOTO, A TAMORI, D HABU, T TAKEDA, S SEKI, S SHIOMI
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
577 ASSESSMENT OF ADRENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS USING SALIVARY AND TOTAL SERUM CORTISOL
Authors: E. Cholongitas, J. Goulis, G. Kokonis, T. Nakouti, P. Rakitzi, P. Chalevas, A. Slavakis, E. Akriviadis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Matthew John Carty
Authors: I. Ramsay, S. Pringle
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Matthew John Carty (“Matt”) did his postgraduate training in obstetrics and gynaecology at the Queen Mother’s Hospital in Glasgow, where he worked with the giants of the day, including John McVicar, James Willocks, and Ian Donald. Like many of his generation, he spent time at the medical school in Nairobi as a lecturer, gaining valuable clinical experience. All of this excellent training helped mould Matt into the exceptional consultant he would become.

Appointed consultant in Southern General Hospital in 1977, Matt dedicated the next 25 years to developing the department into the excellent training unit it is today. An excellent clinician and precise operator, Matt attracted a devoted following from …
Gilbert's Syndrome — A Legitimate Genetic Anomaly?
Authors: Rudi Schmid
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Gilbert's syndrome consists of chronic, mild, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the absence of overt hemolysis or evidence of structural or functional liver disease.13 The elevated serum bilirubin concentration is usually noted first in adolescence, either as an incidental finding or because of a slight yellow discoloration of the sclerae. The serum bilirubin concentration characteristically fluctuates daily, occasionally falling within the normal range but at other times, especially during fasting, physical exercise, stress, intercurrent illness, or menstruation, exceeding the upper limit of normal, sometimes by as much as three to four times. The way in which the diagnostic level is selected . . .
Megaloblastic Changes in the Cervical Epithelium
Authors: Nancy Whitehead
Journal: JAMA (1973)

"Megaloblastic" abnormalities of cervicovaginal cells similar to those seen in severe folate and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency were found in 22 (19%) of 115 women taking oral contraceptive agents (combined estrogen-progestogen or progestogens only). Similar changes were not observed in any of 51 controls not taking these medications. The cytologic abnormalities could not be related to hematologic findings or serum folate and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>concentrations. The changes reverted to normal or improved markedly in all eight patients treated with pharmacologic doses of folic acid for three weeks. It is hypothesized that oral contraceptive agents induce a localized interference with folate metabolism at the end organ level.
neurobiology supports virtue theory on the role of heuristics in moral cognition
Authors: william d. casebeer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

sunstein is right that poorly informed heuristics can influence moral judgment. his case could be strengthened by tightening neurobiologically plausible working definitions regarding what a heuristic is, considering a background moral theory that has more strength in wide reflective equilibrium than “weak consequentialism,” and systematically examining what naturalized virtue theory has to say about the role of heuristics in moral reasoning.
Infectious Hepatitis
Authors: Mila E. Rindge
Journal: JAMA (1962)

During a short period in the summer of 1960 an unusual number of cases of infectious hepatitis was reported to the Connecticut State Department of Health from the town of Brookfield, Conn. The authors undertook an intensive epidemiological investigation of the outbreak. Thirty cases were found to have occurred in 2 months: 21 in July and 9 in August. Of the July cases, 19 were students in the grades 3 to 6 of 1 school. The August cases were all contacts of July cases. Epidemiological evidence implicated, as the vehicle of infection, the water from a well supplying the portion of the school used by the upper grades. Bacteriological evidence gave support to the theory.
Visceral pain---peripheral sensitisation
Authors: G F Gebhart
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>Objective</h3> Since the 1990s, pregnancy hypertension rates have declined in some countries, but not all. Increasing rates of early planned delivery (before the due date) have been hypothesised as the reason for the decline. The aim of this study was to explore whether early planned delivery can partly explain the declining pregnancy hypertension rates in Australia. <h3>Design</h3> Population-based record linkage study utilising linked birth and hospital records. <h3>Setting and participants</h3> A cohort of 1 076 122 deliveries in New South Wales, Australia, 2001–2012. <h3>Outcome measures</h3> Pregnancy hypertension (including gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia) was the main outcome; pre-eclampsia was a secondary outcome. <h3>Results</h3> From 2001 to 2012, pregnancy hypertension rates declined by 22%, from 9.9% to 7.7%, and pre-eclampsia by 27%, from 3.3% to 2.4% (trend p&lt;0.0001). At the same time, planned deliveries increased: prelabour caesarean section by 43% (12.9–18.4%) and labour inductions by 10% (24.8–27.2%). Many maternal risk factors for pregnancy hypertension significantly increased (p&lt;0.01) over the study period including nulliparity, age ≥35 years, diabetes, overweight and obesity, and use of assisted reproductive technologies; some risk factors decreased including multifetal pregnancies, age &lt;20 years, autoimmune diseases and previous pregnancy hypertension. Given these changes in risk factors, the pregnancy hypertension rate was predicted to increase to 10.5%. Examination of annual gestational age distributions showed that pregnancy hypertension rates actually declined from 38 weeks gestation and were steepest from 41 weeks; at least 36% of the decrease could be attributed to planned deliveries. The risk factors for pregnancy hypertension were also risk factors for planned delivery. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It appears that an unanticipated consequence of increasing early planned deliveries is a decline in the incidence of pregnancy hypertension. Women with risk factors for hypertension were relatively more likely to be selected for early delivery.
Less than half the world is likely to meet target for cutting child deaths
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2004)

According to a progress report from UNICEF published this week, less than half the world is on track to meet the United Nations' target to cut death rates among children aged under 5 years. The report, Progress for Children , also says that an estimated 11 million children are still dying needlessly every year.

In September 2000, the United Nations set several millennium development goals, one of which was to reduce the 1990 death rates among the under 5s by two thirds by 2015—a fall from 93 to 31 in every …
Brief overview of selected aspects of testicular hormone action.
Authors: L P Bullock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

This paper is designed to give an overview of the mechanism of androgen action and some of the factors that can affect it. The discussion of androgen action includes androgen transport in the blood, metabolism, receptor binding, nuclear activation and selected aspects of biological response. The importance of recognizing interspecies and interstrain differences in specific aspects of androgen action is mentioned. Some examples of the effects of environmental agents on androgen metabolism, receptor binding and biological response are included.