tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NSAIDs can lower risk of Alzheimer's
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Long term use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen can lower the risk of Alzheimer's disease, a new study has said.

Studies done in the laboratory and animal models had previously suggested that anti-inflammatory drugs prevented Alzheimer's disease or delayed its onset. Researchers have theorised that the drugs work by reducing inflammation in the brain. To date, this is the first such study in people to show a positive effect.

The researchers, led by Dr Bruno Stricker of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, found that adults who used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for at least two years were 80% less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease than individuals who …
Substitution of Hexon Hypervariable Region 5 of Adenovirus Serotype 5 Abrogates Blood Factor Binding and Limits Gene Transfer to Liver
Authors: Frédéric Vigant, Delphyne Descamps, Betsy Jullienne, Stéphanie Esselin, Elisabeth Connault, Paule Opolon, Thierry Tordjmann, Emmanuelle Vigne, Michel Perricaudet, Karim Benihoud
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Liver tropism potentially leading to massive hepatocyte transduction and hepatotoxicity still represents a major drawback to adenovirus (Ad)-based gene therapy. We previously demonstrated that substitution of the hexon hypervariable region 5 (HVR5), the most abundant capsid protein, constituted a valuable platform for efficient Ad retargeting. The use of different mouse strains revealed that HVR5 substitution also led to dramatically less adenovirus liver transduction and associated toxicity, whereas HVR5-modified Ad were still able to transduce different cell lines efficiently, including primary hepatocytes. We showed that HVR5 modification did not significantly change Ad blood clearance or liver uptake at early times. However, we were able to link the lower liver transduction to enhanced HVR5-modified Ad liver clearance and impaired use of blood factors. Most importantly, HVR5-modified vectors continued to transduce tumors in vivo as efficiently as their wild-type counterparts. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for future design of retargeted vectors with a safer profile. Liver tropism potentially leading to massive hepatocyte transduction and hepatotoxicity still represents a major drawback to adenovirus (Ad)-based gene therapy. We previously demonstrated that substitution of the hexon hypervariable region 5 (HVR5), the most abundant capsid protein, constituted a valuable platform for efficient Ad retargeting. The use of different mouse strains revealed that HVR5 substitution also led to dramatically less adenovirus liver transduction and associated toxicity, whereas HVR5-modified Ad were still able to transduce different cell lines efficiently, including primary hepatocytes. We showed that HVR5 modification did not significantly change Ad blood clearance or liver uptake at early times. However, we were able to link the lower liver transduction to enhanced HVR5-modified Ad liver clearance and impaired use of blood factors. Most importantly, HVR5-modified vectors continued to transduce tumors in vivo as efficiently as their wild-type counterparts. Taken together, our data provide a rationale for future design of retargeted vectors with a safer profile.
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities Associated with Intravenous Urography
Authors: Gerald R. Berg, Adolph M. Hutter, Richard C. Pfister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THE prevalence of reversible reactions to intravenous contrast mediums has been reported to be approximately one in 2000,1 and mortality with the use of these agents is considerably lower (8.6 per million to 19 per million).2 , 3 When it occurs, death is usually sudden, is seen more often in older patients and is frequently associated with cardiac arrest.1 Despite these observations, prospective studies on the cardiovascular effects of intravenous urography in man are rare. An isolated report of the electrocardiographic effects of intravenous contrast agents in man used a low-volume (20-ml) injection.4 We therefore monitored the electrocardiograms of patients undergoing routine . . .
Chinese city outlaws sale of human organs
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Authorities in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen, in Guangdong province, have passed new laws governing transplants that outlaw the sale of human organs.

The standing committee of the Shenzhen People's Congress passed the law, which will come into effect on 1 October. After this time all transplants will be handled solely by the Red Cross. And doctors who flout the new law will be liable for fines of up to 500 000 yuan ($60 410; £38 450; €55 050).

The law requires that donors give written or oral consent to two doctors …
Genetic influences on splenic function in coeliac disease.
Authors: J G O'Grady, F M Stevens, C F McCarthy
Journal: Gut (1985)

Splenic function was assessed using 9pitted9 erythrocyte counts in 61 first degree relatives of patients with coeliac disease. 9Pitted9 erythrocyte counts were normal in 12 parents, but were raised in 20% of 49 siblings and/or children of coeliac patients. First degree relatives had higher 9pitted9 erythrocyte counts than normal controls (p = 0.002). The counts were lower in coeliac relatives than in age matched coeliacs (p = 0.0001), but no difference was present between the relatives and coeliac patients whose small bowel mucosa was morphologically normal. Considerable interfamily variation was found in 9pitted9 erythrocyte counts, both in the coeliac patients and first degree relatives, and the pattern tended to 9run true9 within families. The genetic factor influencing splenic function in coeliac disease is not HLA-linked but seems to be associated with a second, probably recessive, gene influencing the inheritance of coeliac disease.
Vitamin Supplementation in Health and Disease
Authors: Perry J. Culver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

THE importance of vitamins in nutrition has been so forcefully and repeatedly stressed by radio, newspaper and word-of-mouth advertising that the general public is most receptive to the inclusion of vitamin supplements in daily diets. Any report that implies or promises alleviation of chronic or incurable illness by the use of a vitamin preparation excites further demand for vitamins. The magnitude of vitamin consumption in this country is evidenced by the fact that the annual sale of vitamins in the United States amounted to $188,000,000 in 1947.1 There was a 300 per cent increase (from $15,000,000 to $45,000,000) in the . . .
The High-Mobility Group A1a/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 Axis: An Achilles Heel for Hematopoietic Malignancies?
Authors: Joelle Hillion, Surajit Dhara, Takita Felder Sumter, Mita Mukherjee, Francescopaolo Di Cello, Amy Belton, James Turkson, Souyma Jaganathan, Linzhao Cheng, Zhaohui Ye, Richard Jove, Peter Aplan, Ying-Wei Lin, Kelsey Wertzler, Ray Reeves, Ossama Elbahlouh, Jeanne Kowalski, Raka Bhattacharya, Linda M. S. Resar
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Although HMGA1 (high-mobility group A1; formerly HMG-I/Y) is an oncogene that is widely overexpressed in aggressive cancers, the molecular mechanisms underlying transformation by HMGA1 are only beginning to emerge. HMGA1 encodes the HMGA1a and HMGA1b protein isoforms, which function in regulating gene expression. To determine how HMGA1 leads to neoplastic transformation, we looked for genes regulated by HMGA1 using gene expression profile analysis. Here, we show that the STAT3 gene, which encodes the signaling molecule signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), is a critical downstream target of HMGA1a. STAT3 mRNA and protein are up-regulated in fibroblasts overexpressing HMGA1a and activated STAT3 recapitulates the transforming activity of HMGA1a in fibroblasts. HMGA1a also binds directly to a conserved region of the STAT3 promoter in vivo in human leukemia cells by chromatin immunoprecipitation and activates transcription of the STAT3 promoter in transfection experiments. To determine if this pathway contributes to HMGA1-mediated transformation, we investigated STAT3 expression in our HMGA1a transgenic mice, all of which developed aggressive lymphoid malignancy. STAT3 expression was increased in the leukemia cells from our transgenics but not in control cells. Blocking STAT3 function induced apoptosis in the transgenic leukemia cells but not in controls. In primary human leukemia samples, there was a positive correlation between HMGA1a and STAT3 mRNA. Moreover, blocking STAT3 function in human leukemia or lymphoma cells led to decreased cellular motility and foci formation. Our results show that the HMGA1a–STAT3 axis is a potential Achilles heel that could be exploited therapeutically in hematopoietic and other malignancies overexpressing HMGA1a. [Cancer Res 2008;68(24):10121–7]
Interim Report on Results of Gastric Freezing for Peptic Ulcer
Authors: Eugene F. Bernstein, Robert L. Goodale, Arthur S. McFee, Arthur J. Madsen, John P. Delaney, Owen H. Wangensteen
Journal: JAMA (1964)

GASTRIC FREEZING is under evaluation as a  definitive treatment of various manifestations of the peptic ulcer diathesis, including duodenal, gastric, and stomal ulcer, and stenosing esophagitis. The vast majority of the 365 patients treated by us to date have been candidates for elective surgery for duodenal ulcer (Table 1). Following a freeze of 45, 50, or 60 minutes, with gastric inflow temperatures of about —17 C (0.8 F), dramatic and immediate relief of ulcer pain and rapid healing of ulcer craters has been observed quite regularly.  The distinction between gastric cooling and gastric freezing needs re-emphasis. Gastric cooling, involving inflow temperatures of 5 to 10 C (41-50 F), has been employed in the emergency treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage since its development in 1958. 1,2 Its efficacy has been confirmed in a number of independent observations and it appears to have found favorable acceptance by the medical profession.  Gastric
Inhibition of PKCδ reduces cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity without blocking chemotherapeutic efficacy in mouse models of cancer
Authors: Navjotsingh Pabla, Guie Dong, Man Jiang, Shuang Huang, M. Vijay Kumar, Robert O. Messing, Zheng Dong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Cisplatin is a widely used cancer therapy drug that unfortunately has major side effects in normal tissues, notably nephrotoxicity in kidneys. Despite intensive research, the mechanism of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity remains unclear, and renoprotective approaches during cisplatin-based chemotherapy are lacking. Here we have identified PKCδ as a critical regulator of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, which can be effectively targeted for renoprotection during chemotherapy. We showed that early during cisplatin nephrotoxicity, Src interacted with, phosphorylated, and activated PKCδ in mouse kidney lysates. After activation, PKCδ regulated MAPKs, but not p53, to induce renal cell apoptosis. Thus, inhibition of PKCδ pharmacologically or genetically attenuated kidney cell apoptosis and tissue damage, preserving renal function during cisplatin treatment. Conversely, inhibition of PKCδ enhanced cisplatin-induced cell death in multiple cancer cell lines and, remarkably, enhanced the chemotherapeutic effects of cisplatin in several xenograft and syngeneic mouse tumor models while protecting kidneys from nephrotoxicity. Together these results demonstrate a role of PKCδ in cisplatin nephrotoxicity and support targeting PKCδ as an effective strategy for renoprotection during cisplatin-based cancer therapy.
Surgeon charged with manslaughter over kidney error
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A senior surgeon at a Welsh hospital has been charged with manslaughter in connection with the death of a Korean war veteran whose healthy kidney was removed by mistake instead of the diseased one.

John Roberts, aged 59, a consultant urologist, who has been suspended by Carmarthenshire NHS Trust since the operation on Graham Reeves, aged 70, was due to make a preliminary appearance at Llanelli magistrates' court this week. Mr Reeves died in March 2000, five …
Osteomalacia in Kashmir
Authors: K. Vaughan
Journal: BMJ (1926)

OSTEOMALACIA is extremely common in Kashmir.I for nearly three years medical superintendent Maharajah's Zenana Hospital in Srinagar, the chief city, and out of twenty-nine Caesarean sections performed me during my first year there at least twenty-five due, to pelvic deformiity caused by osteomalacia.total 120 midwifery cases admitted to hospital year none presented themselves until they had had the advice available at home, and, with the exception after rupture of the membranes.The number of operations increases yearly in Srinagar as the women gaini confidence in the hospitals, and their relations larger proportion of them for relief rather than allow to die at home, which was formerly their fate.Almost all Kashmiri women who have borne children are affected in some degree, with the exception of the manji (boatman) class.Dr. Ernest Neve, who has worked in Kashmir for over twenty-five years, tells me that does not riemember having seen a case of osteomalacia amiiong the boat womlien, and I too have never seen a case amnonig them.These women live in the open air on large boats used for carrying rice, wood, etc., on the Kashmir highway, the Jhelum river; and besides the men, womell, and cliildrecn, fowls, goats, and somietimes cow with her calf, ale on board.'These women work hard, and feed with the men.They are too poor to cook their food muclh, and eat raw cucumber, tomatoes, etc., with theiririce, whicih they husk by hand.They pole and paddle the boats like theo men, and are out in all weathers.Their milk sutpply is provided by their goat or cow, and onie may fairly certain it is not boiled, but consumed sooni drawn.The disease is unknown among men in part of the wvorld, and Kashmir is no exception.The ordinary Kashmiri woman who lives on land.especially the city dwellers, have the disease-sometimes
IMPAIRED LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC FUNCTION IN ACROMEGALIC PATIENTS WITHOUT CLINICAL SIGNS OF HEART FAILURE: A 2D STRAIN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Vito Di Bello, Cristina Giannini, Maria Grazia Delle Donne, Caterina Palagi, Fei Lu, Francesco De Sanctis, Cuono Cucco, Paolo Spontoni, Anca Irina Corciu, Chrysanthos Grigoratos, Enrica Talini, Fausto Bogazzi, Alberto Balbarini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Clonidine and Lidamidine to Inhibit Watery Diarrhea in a Patient with Lung Cancer
Authors: KATHERINE E. McARTHUR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

A patient with watery diarrhea syndrome secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma responded to treatment with clonidine and lidamidine. Stool weight decreased to 43% and 53% of control on two separate trials of clonidine. Stool weight decreased to 35% of control during a trial of lidamidine. Both clonidine and lidamidine increased sodium and chloride absorption in vitro in human intestine. Clonidine, lidamidine, or drugs that are structurally similar may become therapeutic choices for secretory diarrhea.
Abstract 307: The use of biospecimens in cancer population science research
Authors: Danielle M. Carrick, Eliza Mette, Brittany Hoyle, Scott D. Rogers, Elizabeth M. Gillanders, Sheri D. Schully, Leah E. Mechanic
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Over the past two decades, researchers have increasingly used human biospecimens to help evaluate hypotheses related to disease risk, outcomes and treatment options. We conducted an analysis of the population science cancer research grants funded by NCI in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the biospecimens involved in those studies. Recognizing that there are many pre-existing collections of biospecimens, we investigated the cost and time efficiencies observed with studies involving the use of existing biospecimens versus collecting new specimens. Methods: Data available for 1,018 extramural, peer-reviewed grants (active as of July 2012) supported by the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, (NCI Division that supports cancer control and population science extramural research grants) were analyzed. Results: 455 of the grants were determined to involve biospecimens. The most common specimen types included were DNA (66% of grants involved DNA), whole blood (51%), serum or plasma (40%), and tissue (39%). Grants that involved the use of existing biospecimens resulted in greater cost (serum/plasma studies were 4.2 times less expensive) and time efficiencies (1.4 times more publications per year resulted) than grants that collected new biospecimens. Conclusions: Clearly, there is an opportunity for NCI to promote future sharing. We are currently working to better catalogue our funded resources and make data available to the extramural community. Further work is being done to investigate possible trends based on year of grant award. Citation Format: Danielle M. Carrick, Eliza Mette, Brittany Hoyle, Scott D. Rogers, Elizabeth M. Gillanders, Sheri D. Schully, Leah E. Mechanic. The use of biospecimens in cancer population science research. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 307. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-307
Cloning, expression, and characterization of recombinant Hev b 3, a Hevea brasiliensis protein associated with latex allergy in patients with spina bifida☆☆☆★★★
Authors: Birgit Wagner, Monika Krebitz, Dietke Buck, Bodo Niggemann, Hong Yeet Yeang, Kyung-Hwan Han, Otto Scheiner, Heimo Breiteneder
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Demonstration of a Rectovesical Fistula on a Technetium-99m MDP Bone Image
Authors: KOUTAROU HIGASHI, MANABU OHGUCHI, TESTUROU OKIMURA, TOSHIO MIYAMURA, ITARU YAMAMOTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Besides its usefulness in detecting osseous pathology, technetium-99m phosphate bone imaging may incidentally reveal abnormalities in genitourinary system, rarely a communication between genitourinary system and intestine. A case of rectovesical fistula demonstrated on bone imaging is presented.
Thrombopoietin Receptor Activation, Thrombopoietin Mimetic Drugs, and Hereditary Thrombocytosis: Remarks on Bone Marrow Fibrosis
Authors: Luciana Teofili, Fiorina Giona, Maurizio Martini, Lorenza Torti, Tonia Cenci, Robin Foà, Giuseppe Leone, Luigi M. Larocca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Thus,romiplostim administration mimics the increased stimulation byTpo, while chronic eltrombopag administration reminds the consti-tutive activation of MPL. Given that these drugs have to be lifelongadministered, concern emerged when it was noticed that some pa-tients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) receiving romiplostindeveloped bone marrow ﬁbrosis.
Sjogren's syndrome (SS): are increased serum levels of cytokine FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) indicative of lymphoma?
Authors: G J Tobón, V Devauchelle, P Youinou, J-O Pers
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Flt3L, which is involved in the ontogenesis of B cells (particularly in their malignant proliferation in pSS) might contribute to the absolute excess of activated Bm2/germinal centre funder Bm2' B lymphocytes which characterises the peripheral blood (PB) pattern of these patients.

Our aims were threefold: (1) Compare the …
Science, Politics, and Values
Authors: John D. Kraemer, Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism (T-786 C) in Patients with Slow Coronary Flow
Authors: Habil Yücel, Abdullah Doğan, Yasin Türker, Atilla İçli, Salaheddin Akcay, İbrahim Ersoy, Bayram Ali Uysal, Recep Sütçü
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Regional myocardial blood flow and glucose utilization in symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: C A Nienaber, S S Gambhir, F V Mody, O Ratib, S C Huang, M E Phelps, H R Schelbert
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested the presence of myocardial ischemia in symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Positron emission tomography, a technique that can identify metabolic consequences of ischemia in coronary artery disease, permits the noninvasive measurements of regional myocardial blood flow and glucose metabolism. This new quantitative imaging approach should therefore be suitable for detecting a possible enhancement of glucose utilization in myocardium of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and thus may help to elucidate the pathomechanism of ischemia in this disease. METHODS AND RESULTS In 13 symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocardial blood flow and glucose utilization were measured with intravenous N-13-ammonia and F-18 deoxyglucose at rest and, in four patients, again during supine bicycle exercise. At rest, blood flow was significantly lower in hypertrophied than in normal myocardium (0.78 +/- 0.19 versus 0.99 +/- 0.13 mL.min-1.g-1, p &lt; 0.025), whereas rates of glucose utilization were similar (0.88 +/- 0.31 versus 0.87 +/- 0.35 mumol.min-1.g-1). With exercise, blood flow and glucose utilization failed to increase in hypertrophic and normal segments but became more heterogeneously distributed throughout the left ventricular myocardium. Blood flow-metabolism mismatches indicative of myocardial ischemia were noted in three patients at rest and in three of the four patients during exercise and were due to reduced flow in the presence of maintained glucose uptake. The discordance between flow and glucose metabolism in hypertrophied myocardium was significantly more prominent in younger than in older patients. CONCLUSIONS Normal or even elevated rates of glucose utilization and the presence of diminished blood flow in hypertrophied relative to normal myocardium suggest the presence of myocardial ischemia in symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The age dependence of blood flow metabolism disparity suggests differences in the underlying pathophysiology or severity of disease.
PREVALENCE OF THIN-CAP FIBROATHEROMA AND DEGREE OF STENOSIS: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY, INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND, AND ANGIOGRAPHIC STUDY
Authors: Jinwei Tian, Harold Dauerman, Catalin Toma, Habib Samady, Tomonori Itoh, Shoichi Kuramitsu, Takenori Domei, Haibo Jia, Rocco Vergallo, Tsunenari Soeda, Hu Sining, Hang Lee, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)