tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical education in the United States. VI. Graduate education in public health
Authors: J. L. Troupin
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Unusual Outbreak of Hypoglycemia — A Correction
Authors: Shih Ling Kao, Cheng Leng Chan, Belinda Tan, C.C. Tchoyoson Lim, Rinkoo Dalan, Daphne Gardner, Edward Pratt, Marilyn Lee, Kok Onn Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: In our letter to the Editor (Feb. 12 issue),1 we reported on 150 nondiabetic patients with drug-induced hypoglycemia due to four brands of sexual-enhancement drugs that were contaminated with glyburide. Two recent articles by some of the authors of our letter have appeared elsewhere. One article described the neuroglycopenic and adrenergic symptoms of severe hypoglycemia in 15 of these patients,2 and the other described findings indicative of hypoglycemia on brain magnetic resonance imaging in 7 of these patients3; there were overlaps between these two groups of patients. The cases of hypoglycemia reported in both articles pertained . . .
Cross-talk between calcium and cAMP-dependent intracellular signaling pathways. Implications for synergistic secretion in T84 colonic epithelial cells and rat pancreatic acinar cells.
Authors: M Vajanaphanich, C Schultz, R Y Tsien, A E Traynor-Kaplan, S J Pandol, K E Barrett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Treatment of various cells with combinations of agents that increase either cAMP or cytosolic calcium can lead to synergistic responses. This study examined interactions, or cross-talk, between these two intracellular messengers and its implication for signaling in two secretory cell types, T84 human colonic epithelial cells and rat pancreatic acinar cells. T84 cell chloride secretion was measured in Ussing chambers. Acinar cell activation was monitored as amylase secretion. Cytosolic calcium was assessed via fura-2 microfluorimetry. A cell-permeant analogue of cAMP synergistically enhanced secretory responses to calcium-mobilizing hormones in both cell types, but paradoxically reduced overall calcium mobilization. The reduction in calcium mobilization could be attributed to an inhibition of calcium influx in T84 cells, although a different mechanism likely operates in acinar cells. The effects of the cAMP analogue were reproduced by other agents that increase cAMP. Furthermore, econazole, an inhibitor of calcium influx, potentiated secretory responses to calcium-dependent stimulation in T84 cells without itself inducing secretion. We conclude that there is cross-talk between calcium and cAMP-dependent signaling pathways at the level of second messenger generation in two secretory cell types. This cross-talk appears to regulate the extent of secretory responses.
Levosimendan has an inhibitory effect on platelet function
Authors: Kürşat Kaptan, Kürşad Erinç, Ahmet Ifran, Vedat Yıldırım, Mehmet Uzun, Cengiz Beyan, Ersoy Işık
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Levosimendan enhances cardiac contractility by increasing myocyte sensitivity to calcium, and induces vasodilatation. Although studies have evaluated the efficacy of levosimendan in heart failure, it is not clear whether it might produce functional influence on platelet response. In this study, the effect of levosimendan on platelet aggregation was investigated. Platelet function tests were performed in 12 healthy male volunteers. Three concentrations of levosimendan solution were prepared that would result in 10, 25, and 45 ng/ml levosimendan concentrations in the blood similar to that observed after clinical therapeutic intravenous application of 0.05–0.1 μg/kg/min. Each concentration of levosimendan solution and a control diluent without levosimendan were incubated with whole blood at 37°C. After incubation for 15 min, aggregation responses were evaluated with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (5 and 10 μM) and collagen (2 and 5 μg/ml) in platelet‐rich plasma. Preincubation with all dilutions of levosimendan inhibited aggregation of platelets induced by ADP and collagen significantly. Levosimendan also inhibited significantly the secondary wave of platelet aggregation induced by ADP. The results showed that there was a relationship between levosimendan concentration and inhibition of platelet aggregation. In conclusion, this study with an in vitro model showed that levosimendan had a significant inhibitory effect on platelets in clinically relevant doses. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IMPROVED INTER-OBSERVER VARIABILITY, ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC VISUAL LVEF ASSESSMENT THROUGH A SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING PROGRAM USING CMR IMAGES
Authors: Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Zoran Popovic, Scott Flamm, Arun Dahiya, Richard Grimm, Thomas Marwick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Human articular cartilage and fibrocartilage: a study with high-angle x-ray diffraction.
Authors: G Albiser, P Netter, G Faure, P Horn, J P Delagoutte, A Gaucher
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

High-angle x-ray diffraction was applied to the study of four meniscal fibrocartilages and 11 articular cartilages from patients suffering from various articular disorders. In eight samples microcrystals were seen, apatite most frequently, CaHPO4 in two instances, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) in one. These results confirm the association of various crystals in a single joint, and favour their heterogenous partition on collagen fibres.
Adoptive transfer of allergic airway responses with sensitized lymphocytes in BN rats.
Authors: A Watanabe, P Rossi, P M Renzi, L J Xu, R D Guttmann, J G Martin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

To evaluate the role of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of allergic bronchoconstriction, we investigated whether allergic airway responses are adoptively transferred by antigen-primed lymphocytes in Brown Norway (BN) rats. Animals were actively sensitized to ovalbumin (OA) or sham sensitized, and 14 d later mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from intrathoracic lymph nodes, passed through a nylon wool column, and transferred to naive syngeneic rats. Recipients were challenged with aerosolized OA or bovine serum albumin (BSA) (5% wt/vol) and analyzed for changes in lung resistance (RL), airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine (MCh), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. Recipients of MNCs from sensitized rats responded to OA inhalation and exhibited sustained increases in RL throughout the 8-h observation period, but without usual early airway responses. Recipients of sham-sensitized MNCs or BSA-challenged recipients failed to respond to antigen challenge. At 32 h after OA exposure, airway responsiveness to MCh was increased in four of seven rats that had received sensitized MNCs (p = 0.035). BAL eosinophils increased at 32 h in the recipients of both sensitized and sham-sensitized MNCs. However, eosinophil numbers in BAL were inversely correlated with airway responsiveness in the recipients of sensitized MNCs (r = -0.788, p = 0.036). OA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) was undetectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in recipient rats following adoptive transfer. In conclusion, allergic late airway responses (LAR) and cholinergic airway hyperresponsiveness, but not antigen-specific IgE and early responses, were adoptively transferred by antigen-primed lymphocytes in BN rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Poverty and mental health
Authors: Katy J Booth, Woody Caan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP2B1 is localized on the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and is expressed in enterocytes. Based on its distribution pattern and functional similarity to OATP1B-type transporters, OATP2B1 might have a role in the absorption and disposition of a range of xenobiotics. Although several prescription drugs, including HMG-CoA inhibitors (statins) such as fluvastatin, are OATP2B1 substrates in vitro, evidence supporting the in vivo relevance of this transporter remains limited, and most has relied on substrate-inhibitor interactions resulting in altered pharmacokinetic properties of the victim drugs. In order to address this knowledge deficit, we developed and characterized an OATP2B1-deficient mouse model and evaluated the impact of this transporter on the absorption and disposition of fluvastatin. Consistent with the intestinal localization of OATP2B1, we found that the genetic or pharmacological inhibition of OATP2B1 was associated with decreased absorption of fluvastatin by 2- to 3-fold. The availability of a viable OATP2B1-deficient mouse model provides an opportunity to unequivocally determine the contribution of this transporter to the absorption and drug-drug interaction potential of drugs. <h3>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</h3> The current investigation suggests that OATP2B1-deficient mice provide a valuable tool to study the in vivo importance of this transporter. In addition, our studies have identified novel potent inhibitors of OATP2B1 among the class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, a rapidly expanding class of drugs used in various therapeutic areas that may cause drug-drug interactions with OATP2B1 substrates.
1073-146 Prediction of left ventricular functional recovery in patients with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow: Analysis using transthoracic color doppler echocardiography
Authors: Minako Katayama, Atsushi Yamamuro, Yoshiaki Ueda, Koichi Tamita, Shuichiro Kaji, Toshikazu Yagi, Tomoko Tani, Kazuaki Tanabe, Shigefumi Morioka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Excimer laser coronary angioplasty of aorto-ostial stenoses. Results of the excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) registry in the first 200 patients.
Authors: N L Eigler, B Weinstock, J S Douglas, T Goldenberg, G Hartzler, D Holmes, M Leon, J Margolis, M Nobuyoshi, W O'Neill
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of aorto-ostial stenosis has been associated with a lower rate of acute success, a high risk of vessel closure, and late restenosis. The purpose of this report is to document a prospective multicenter trial of excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) of aorto-ostial stenosis involving the coronary arteries and saphenous vein grafts. METHODS AND RESULTS Between December 1989 and May 1992, 206 aorto-ostial ELCA procedures were performed on 209 stenoses in 200 patients. Canadian Cardiovascular Society class III or IV angina was present in 76%. The distribution of stenosis locations was left main coronary (LM) in 26 (12%), right coronary (RCA) in 124 (59%), and vein grafts (VG) in 59 (28%). Adjunctive PTCA was performed in 72%. Procedure success defined as &lt; or = 50% diameter stenosis without major complications was achieved in 90% (LM, 92%; RCA, 89%, VG, 90%). Quantitative angiographic analysis documented an improvement in stenosis diameter from 0.8 +/- 0.5 mm or 76 +/- 14% at baseline to 2.1 +/- 0.6 mm or 36 +/- 15% at completion (P &lt; .01). The majority of the acute gain in diameter (1.0 +/- 0.6 mm) resulted from ELCA. A major complication during hospitalization occurred in 3.9% (death, 0%; Q-wave myocardial infarction, 0.5%; bypass surgery, 3.4%). The only logistic regression univariate and multivariate predictor of procedure failure was female gender. Six-month angiographic follow-up, available in 51% of eligible patients, documented an average lumen diameter of 1.7 +/- 1.0 mm and mean diameter stenosis of 46 +/- 26%. Restenosis (&gt; 50% diameter stenosis) occurred in 39% (LM, 64%; RCA, 35%; VG, 35%). Restenosis was less likely when residual stenosis was &lt; or = 35% (28% versus 53%, P &lt; .05). Clinical events at follow-up were death, 2.7%; bypass surgery, 6.5%; myocardial infarction, 2.2%; and repeat angioplasty, 16.2%. Of the remainder, 78% were asymptomatic, class I or II for anginal symptoms. An adverse event during follow-up was more than twice as likely in the group with LM (50.0% versus 21.1%, P &lt; .02). CONCLUSIONS ELCA is acutely effective and safe therapy in patients with aorto-ostial stenosis. Six-month restenosis, adverse-event rates were higher and functional status was poorer in the group with LM stenosis. ELCA may be considered as an alternative to bypass surgery in carefully selected patients with isolated aorto-ostial stenosis of the RCA and saphenous vein grafts.
The cellular electrophysiologic changes induced by high-energy electrical ablation in canine myocardium.
Authors: J H Levine, J F Spear, H F Weisman, A H Kadish, C Prood, C O Siu, E N Moore
Journal: Circulation (1986)

High-energy electrical ablation is a new experimental approach to control arrhythmias. In this study, the cellular electrophysiologic effects of high-energy shocks (5 to 40 J) delivered in vitro to 14 epicardial tissues from 11 dogs were studied in an attempt to understand the nature and extent of injury as well as potential arrhythmogenic mechanisms. In addition, this preparation was used to test the importance of cathode-anode configuration, current density, and fiber orientation in the induction of tissue injury in vitro. Electrophysiologic abnormalities were noted up to 10 mm from the electrode wall, and their extent was determined in part by current density and the cathode-anode orientation. A decrease in resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude, and dV/dT occurred in all tissues after high-energy shocks, which was worst nearest the cathode and of graded severity at increasing distances from the cathode. The most severe effects were noted with high current densities and in tissues located between the cathode and anode. In addition, impaired impulse conduction and abnormal repolarization were documented. Histologic study demonstrated contraction band necrosis immediately after delivery of high-energy shocks. The extent and distribution of the contraction bands was in part dependent on the energy delivered and the cathode-anode configuration. These findings suggest potential mechanisms for arrhythmogenesis and altered regional hemodynamic abnormalities that occur in vivo.
Stress testing with ST-segment depression at rest. An angiographic correlation.
Authors: S Kansal, D Roitman, L T Sheffield
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Near maximal graded exercise tests and coronary angiograms were compared in 37 patients with a history of chest pain and with ST segment depression at rest, who were free of obvious nonischemic causes of ST depression. Additional ST depression of 0.1 mV or more occurred with exercise in 26 patients and 23 of these had obstruction of one or more coronary arteries (sensitivity = 0.92). Eleven patients showed no additional ST-segment depression with exercise, and nine of these had normal coronary angiograms (specificity = 0.75). Patients with no increase in ST depression on exercise developed the highest heart rates; those with asymptomatic additional ST depression achieved intermediate rates; and those with anginal attacks during testing demonstrated the least heart rate acceleration. Those with less coronary obstruction exercised longer on the treadmill than those with more obstruction. Those showing added ST depression were predominantly men (18 of 26) and were older (mean 54 years) than those who did not (mean 44 years). No test complications were encountered. This study suggests that safe and effective stress testing may be accomplished not only in persons with normal resting ECGs but also in selected patients who have abnormal ST segments at rest.
Feasibility study on the retention of superporous hydrogel composite polymer in the intestinal tract of man using scintigraphy
Authors: F.A. Dorkoosh, M.P.M. Stokkel, D. Blok, G. Borchard, M. Rafiee-Tehrani, J.C. Verhoef, H.E. Junginger
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
Pericarditis and the Yellow Nail Syndrome
Authors: Carlo Buzio, Lenia De Martin, Giuseppe De Palma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 May 1992Pericarditis and the Yellow Nail SyndromeCarlo Buzio, MD, Lenia De Martin, MD, Giuseppe De Palma, MDCarlo Buzio, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Lenia De Martin, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Giuseppe De Palma, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-10-878_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In 1964, Samman and White (1) described the yellow nail syndrome as the combination of discolored, dystrophic nails and primary lymphedema. Pleural effusion, bronchiectasis, and sinusitis in varying combinations are commonly associated with this syndrome (2, 3). We report a case in which this syndrome was associated with remarkable pericardial effusion.A 44-year-old man was referred because of lymphedema of the lower extremities and deformed yellow nails. The nail changes began in infancy and were followed by the development of chronic sinusitis. After a traumatic fracture of the left tibia at 12 years of age, he noted...References1. SammanWhite PW. The "yellow nail" syndrome. Br J Dermatol. 1964;76:153-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HillerRosenowOlsen EEA. Pulmonary manifestations of the yellow nail syndrome. Chest. 1972;61:452-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Camilleri A. Chronic sinusitis and the yellow nail syndrome. J Laryngol Otol. 1990;104:811-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SantucciProdaniAndreani FGG. La sindrome dalle unghie gialle. Contributo casistico. Minerva Med. 1983;74:647-50. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. WakasaImaizumiSuyamaTakeshitaNakamura MTAAM. Yellow nail syndrome associated with chronic pericardial effusion. Chest. 1987;92:366-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByYellow Nail Syndrome Presenting With a Pericardial Effusion: A Case Report and Review of the LiteratureAffections cardiaques et pulmonaires 15 May 1992Volume 116, Issue 10Page: 878-879KeywordsBronchiectasisLymphedemaPleural effusion Issue Published: 15 May 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Anna: too much, too young
Authors: J. Fullbrook
Journal: BMJ (1998)

“It's great having you as friends because the chances of us getting ill must be really small.” My good friend was reflecting on a run of illness and injury that we had suffered. It sounded clumsy but was well meant and I hope is true. That was before our daughter, Anna, was born.

Anna was born on 4 August 1997. There was great relief at first as a raised α fetoprotein and a decision to avoid amniocentesis had been lurking in our minds. “She's fine,” I said. After eight days she started vomiting and feeding with little enthusiasm. Overnight on the ninth day my wife called me downstairs to look at her nappy, stained pink with urine. “Oestrogen withdrawal,” I said. The next nappy change was mine and I watched horrified as she passed frank blood in her urine. Suddenly she was ill; pale, clammy, struggling to breathe.

We rang the hospital and set off straight away, poking her repeatedly to ensure she was still alive. The faces on the staff were suitably grim as they set about resuscitation. “Septicaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation,” they said. Two days later …
Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis in Two Elderly Siblings
Authors: Charles A. Sanders, W. Gerald Austen, James C. Jordan, J. Gordon Scannell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THIS communication concerns 2 sisters, sixty-eight and sixty-three years of age, who first had signs and symptoms of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis late in life. Two previous generations of the family had apparently been afflicted by the disease at a similar time in life. Although the familial nature1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and variable onset of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis1 , 9 10 11 12 13 have been well documented, the late appearance of the disease in this family with survival into the seventh decade is distinctly unusual.Case ReportsCase 1. A 68-year-old woman was first seen in October, 1964. She had been in good health until the age . . .
Adultriatrics The Newest Specialty
Authors: Mark Twain
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Our attitudes and feelings are often provoked by words—semantics. In the practice of medicine there is a specialty for each part of the body, or each part of the part. There is the tendency to obliterate the general practitioner or generalist. For the narrowing interval between pediatrics and geriatrics I submit the specialty of ADULTRIATRICS, whose practitioner is the Adultrician or Adultriatrist. The general practitioner will become a part of history, as are wooden wagons, show boats, beards, and tall hats on MDs. This is the age of departmentalization. Perhaps the cycle will change in the future. Perhaps formation of a pseudospecialty of Adultriatrics will restore the general practitioner to his natural and essential stature. Adam and Eve had many advantages, but the principal one was that they escaped teething.