tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TRITON HYPERLIPEMIA IN DOGS
Authors: Angelo Scanu, Pasquale Oriente, Janusz M. Szajewski, Lawrence J. McCormack, Irvine H. Page
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Fourteen dogs, fed a regular diet and given 250 mg/kg of triton (a non-ionic surface-active agent) intravenously every 4th day, exhibited a progressively severe hyperlipemia. Serum triglycerides were the first to increase. Cholesterol, mostly in the free form, and phospholipids showed elevation only at a later stage and increased at almost identical rates. The plasma-free fatty acid concentration was from 2 to 3 times above normal. With establishment of sustained hyperlipemia, there was reduction, followed by total disappearance, of the high density D 1.063 to 1.21 lipoprotein. Most of the cholesterol and phospholipids (70 to 75 per cent of the total) were found in the D 1.006 to 1.063 lipoprotein class, the remainder in the D < 1.006 class. Triglycerides were almost evenly distributed between these two classes. The concentration of the serum lipoprotein proteins was within normal limits. All of the animals died within from 4 to 5 months after receiving the first injection of triton. Autopsy findings consistently showed: (a) numerous lipidladen macrophages in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes; (b) significant depletion of all fat stores; (c) presence of lipids, either free or engulfed in macrophages (foam cells), in the subintima of the coronary arteries, aorta, and pulmonary arteries, indicating an early stage of atherosclerosis. Concurrent daily administration of heparin (5 mg per kilogram of body weight) did not substantially change the course of the disease. Withdrawal of triton from animals that had been receiving the detergent for from 3 to 4 months, elicited a slow return to normal of the lipid pattern. In two dogs killed when normolipemia was reestablished, all tissues were normal with the minor exception of a few hepatic macrophages still laden with sudanophilic material. It is postulated that the primary action of the injected triton was on the lipid moieties of plasma lipoproteins with formation of complexes, which, as foreign bodies, were preferentially taken up by the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Depletion of fat stores was probably secondary to increased lipid mobilization, as an attempt by these tissues to supply energy to the parenchymal cells unable to utilize triton-bound lipids.
Abstract 4449: Tissue- and isoform-specific Ras expression during development
Authors: Anna U. Newlaczyl, Judy M. Coulson, Ian A. Prior
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ras GTPases are proto-oncogenes that transduce intracellular signals important for diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation and differentiation. The four main Ras isoforms, H-Ras, KRas-4A, KRas-4B and N-Ras, are well conserved across the species and are often mutated in human cancers. However, distinct isoforms preferentially contribute to different cancer types, suggesting non-redundant function. In order to study Ras isoform prevalence within different tissues and lineages, the transcript copy numbers were examined throughout development using a series of mouse embryo, postnatal and adult tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure Ras isoforms in 16 different adult tissues and in 8 of these tissues at 10 developmental time points (n=3). The data showed that Ras abundance is both tissue-specific, with 10-60 copies of total Ras per 1pg RNA in adult tissues, and isoform-specific. KRas-4B and N-Ras were the major isoforms in all tissues. In general Ras isoform expression levels were stable through development except for KRas-4A that showed dramatic upregulation over time in stomach, intestine and kidneys. In heart, KRas-4A transcripts were detected only at and just before birth. Ongoing quantitative proteomics experiments will test whether transcript expression patterns persist at the protein level. We are building the first complete map of developmental Ras isoform expression. Importantly, establishing baseline expression in normal tissues will give clues to questions about isoform-specific Ras coupling to different cancers. Citation Format: Anna U. Newlaczyl, Judy M. Coulson, Ian A. Prior. Tissue- and isoform-specific Ras expression during development. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4449. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4449
Random-Effects Meta-analysis of Inconsistent Effects
Authors: David Lander
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters2 September 2014Random-Effects Meta-analysis of Inconsistent EffectsDavid Lander, MDDavid Lander, MDFrom Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5017-7 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Cornell and colleagues (1) have presented a particularly cogent discussion of the technical problems of calculating the “final answer” in meta-analysis. I have struggled to understand and teach these concepts for years, and their explanations are extremely helpful.My goal in teaching young physicians about meta-analysis is modest: I want them to be savvy—and skeptical—readers. At the risk of oversimplification, I seek useful generalizations. In critically reading a meta-analysis, I am a proponent of using common sense and suggest that readers can, to some extent, apply their own judgment, particularly on the issue of qualitative heterogeneity. As ...Reference1. Cornell JE, Mulrow CD, Localio R, Stack CB, Meibohm AR, Guallar E, et al. Random-effects meta-analysis of inconsistent effects: a time for change. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:267-70. [PMID: 24727843] doi:10.7326/M13-2886 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Edward Via Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0310. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRandom-Effects Meta-analysis of Inconsistent Effects: A Time for Change John E. Cornell , Cynthia D. Mulrow , Russell Localio , Catharine B. Stack , Anne R. Meibohm , Eliseo Guallar , and Steven N. Goodman Metrics 2 September 2014Volume 161, Issue 5Page: 379KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosure ePublished: 2 September 2014 Issue Published: 2 September 2014 CopyrightCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Inhibition of Bile Flow in the Isolated Perfused Rat Liver by a Synthetic Parenteral Amino Acid Mixture: Associated Net Amino Acid Fluxes
Authors: Martin F. Graham, Anthony S. Tavill, Thomas C. Halpin, Loizos N. Louis
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

To identify a role for amino acids in cholestasis associated with total parenteral nutrition, we measured bile formation by the isolated perfused rat liver in the presence and absence of added amino acids. All livers were infused,constantly with sodium [14C]taurocholate (0.28 μmoles per min) for 90 min. At 40 min, a primed-constant infusion of a synthetic L-amino acid mixture (121 + 19.3 μmoles of N per min) was administered for an additional 50 min. Mean bile flow rates during the amino acid infusion were reduced from 15.4 μl per min per 10 gm liver weight to 10.4 μl per min per 10 gm (p < 0.005). There was no significant change during saline infusion of control livers, and there was no significant difference in perfusate osmolalities in the two groups. Although biliary recovery of infused taurocholate was slightly lower in the experimental perfusions than in controls (95.3% vs. 101.7%, p < 0.05), there was no significant reduction in taurocholate excretion rate during the infusion in either group. Bile flow changes were related to ambient concentrations and net fluxes of individual amino acids in the perfusate. Of the 14 infused amino acids, glycine and arginine achieved levels >3 times greater than reported physiological postprandial portal venous concentrations in the rat, and together constituted about 25% of the 9 0-min perfusate amino acids (8.3 mM). The highest net hepatic uptake was for glycine (125 μmoles per hr per 10 gm), which was almost 50% of its infusion rate. These observations lead us to propose that nonphysiological hepatic concentrations and uptake of certain amino acids interfere with bile formation, particularly with bile acid-independent flow.
Freezing the Number of Residency Positions
Authors: Robert G. Luke
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Shine,<sup>1</sup>president of the Institute of Medicine, argues that Congress should instruct the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) to freeze the total number of residency positions supported through Medicare at 1994 levels for a 5-year period. As chairman of the Medical Education Finance Committee of the Association of Professors of Medicine (the national organization of chairs of departments of internal medicine at the 125 US medical colleges and several of their affiliated teaching hospitals), I have also supported a freeze.<sup>2</sup>Besides making policy sense, limiting the number for residency positions would help rationally reduce Medicare payment for graduate medical education (GME). To reduce the federal budget deficit, Congress is considering a series of Medicare reductions, including cuts in the program's direct medical education payment and indirect medical education adjustment. Deep concern that indiscriminate Medicare GME reductions will have an adverse effect on physician workforce
Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Predict Survival in Early-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Wei Zhou, Rebecca S. Heist, Geoffrey Liu, Kofi Asomaning, Donna S. Neuberg, Bruce W. Hollis, John C. Wain, Thomas J. Lynch, Edward Giovannucci, Li Su, David C. Christiani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose Our previous analyses suggested that surgery in the summertime with higher vitamin D intake is associated with improved survival in patients with early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We further investigated the results of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in NSCLC patients. Patients and Methods Among 447 patients with early-stage NSCLC, data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, stage, smoking, and treatment. Results The median follow-up time was 72 months (range, 0.2 to 141), with 161 recurrences and 234 deaths. For OS, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.50 to 1.10; P trend = .07) for the highest versus lowest quartile of 25(OH)D levels. Stratified by stage, a strong association was observed among stage IB-IIB patients (AHR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.82; P trend = .002), but not among stage IA patients (AHR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.96; P trend = .53). Similar effects of 25(OH)D levels were observed among the 309 patients with dietary information (AHR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.17; P trend = .19). For the joint effects of 25(OH)D level and vitamin D intake, the combined high 25(OH)D levels and high vitamin D intake (by median) were associated with better survival than the combined low 25(OH)D levels and low vitamin D intake (AHR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.98; P trend = .06). Again, stronger associations were observed among stage IB-IIB than IA patients. Similar effects of 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D intake were observed for RFS. Conclusion Vitamin D may be associated with improved survival of patients with early-stage NSCLC, particularly among stage IB-IIB patients.
Resistance, Fitness, Adherence, and Potency
Authors: Martin Markowitz
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF PREPROCEDURAL LEVELS OF C-REATIVE PROTEIN, LIPOPROTEIN (A) AND HOMOCYSTEINE ON THE LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IMPLANTATION
Authors: Won-Jang KIM, Duk-Woo Park, Jong-Sun Park, Jun-Hyuk Oh, Hye-Gun Song, Jeong-Min Ahn, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Human-to-Human Transmission of Pseudomonas pseudomallei
Authors: JOSEPH B. McCORMICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Melioidosis, the clinical manifestation of infection with Pseudomonas pseudomallei, has occurred infrequently in American citizens; almost all reported cases have been in Vietnam veterans, usually associated with respiratory disease. A Vietnam veteran from Mississippi developed chronic prostatitis, with no other clinical manifestations, during service in Vietnam, and P. pseudomallei was isolated from prostatic secretions 2 years after his return to the United States. The patient had had sexual contact with four women including his wife since his return from Vietnam. Vaginal and cervical cultures and serum samples were obtained from the four women, and serum samples and cultures of semen were obtained from the patient. Vaginal swabs and semen cultures were negative for P. pseudomallei. The patient and his wife had hemagglutination titers (>640) diagnostic of P. pseudomallei infection. This occurrence of venereal transmission is the first report of person-to-person spread of P. pseudomallei infection.
Parenterally Transmitted Hepatitis A Associated with Platelet Transfusions
Authors: JOEL D. MEYERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

During 3 months, nine patients with a marrow transplant hospitalized in a leukemia research center and six donor-members of their families developed acute hepatitis. Serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) screening showed 21 subclinical cases among other family members, staff members, and other donors at the center. Epidemiologic investigation implicated platelet and plasma donation and platelet transfusion as the source of exposure. Twenty-six of 29 (90%) platelet and plasma donors and 9 of 13 (69%) patients receiving platelet transfusions during the period of risk developed clinical or biochemical evidence of acute hepatitis. The clinical illness, incubation period of 27 days, and results of serologic tests were compatible with hepatitis A. Observation of the platelet donation procedure showed practices possibly responsible for the contamination of blood products. This outbreak illustrates the risk of hepatitis for platelet and plasma donors and recipients and suggests the need for reexamination of platelet and plasma donation procedures in other institutions.
Living with artificial valves.
Authors: J R Belcher
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Hazards of epilepsy SIR,-I was interested to read your leading article on this subject (3 June, p 1436), especially that section in which you state that "from the infrequency of reports of death during sleep apparently due to suffocation during a fit the hazard may be presumed rare-especially in comparison with the frequency of nocturnal fits in children.Even so, substitution of a firm pillow might be a wise safeguard."This statement is certainly contrary to the conclusions drawn by my colleague Dr H J A Longmore and myself in 1970, when three patients with grand mal epilepsy who had died by suffocation in their pillow were reported.'This article stimulated the reply from Dr C Worster-Drought2 on which was based the comment referred to above.Dr Worster-Drought had, during his 45 years as a neurologist in Harley Street, seen no such cases and considered them uncommon.
Letter by McGuire and Aguilar Regarding Article, “Effect of Torcetrapib on Glucose, Insulin, and Hemoglobin A <sub>1c</sub> in Subjects in the Investigation of Lipid Level Management to Understand Its Impact in Atherosclerotic Events (ILLUMINATE) Trial”
Authors: Darren K. McGuire, David Aguilar
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Hypothyroidism: A Possible Risk Factor for Liver Cancer in Patients With No Known Underlying Cause of Liver Disease
Authors: Arvind Reddy, Chiranjeev Dash, Apinya Leerapun, Teresa A. Mettler, Linda M. Stadheim, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, Rosebud O. Roberts, Lewis R. Roberts
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2006)
What Are We Teaching About Indigent Patients?
Authors: Leon Reinstein
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I read with shame and dismay the article by Miles.<sup>1</sup>He described an indigent patient admitted to his medical service after an assault. He noted: "An orthopedic surgeon said the patient's arm required internal fixation to set the fracture but declined to take the patient to surgery because she did not have insurance.... " Ultimately, the patient went to the county hospital where the fracture was set. Of great interest, in that same issue of<i>JAMA</i>, the section<i>JAMA</i>100 Years Ago, from November 12, 1892,<sup>2</sup>includes a description of the death of Dr H. T. Thomas, a medical missionary in Kashmir, who, during a cholera epidemic, was one of only two European physicians who remained, caring for victims during the epidemic, only to die of cholera himself. A hundred years from now, on November 12,2092, what will physicians think of 1992 American medicine when they
ABC of 1 to 7 (revised). Services for children: the community.
Authors: J Wilson, H B Valman
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Primary and secondary care services Primary care services for children are provided by the community health staff of the district health authority and by general practitioners and their teams.Historically, the preventive aspects of child health Integration: a new concept (surveillance, immunisation, and health education) have been the Training sessions for general responsibility of the health authority (and, before 1974, the local Training sessions for general authority), but increasingly general practitioners with attached health practitioners visitors are taking on this role.Integration of these primary health General practitioners in health services is a logical development.It can be achieved in a number of authority clinics ways: by organising suitable training sessions for general practitioners Clinical medical officers in (and GP vocational trainees); by employing general practitioners to general practitioners' work as clinical medical officers to see child patients in health premises authority clinics; or by clinical medical officers working in general practitioners' premises.Initially, secondary care services were mainly hospital based, but in enlightened districts consultants or their equivalents now spend more time working in the community.Clinical medical officers, as well as general practitioners, frequently act as clinical assistants to hospital paediatricians. Computers in community child healthNeonatal data O Immunizations m g Child health amMany districts are using the national child health computer system, with the option of four modules: a child register with neonatal data, immunisations, and preschool health and school health modules.Basic health data are stored and distributed to general practitioners and clinic staff and appointments are sent directly for preschool health checks and immunisations.Lists of schoolchildren due for various \ screening tests are produced and management advice sent to the Pes huith teachers.id developmentHealth visitors, who are state registered nurses with additional obstetric and specific training, are based in clinics and general practitioners surgeries.Their main role is in the home, and through health education they promote good child rearing practices.They support snothers with management problems and they are frequently responsible for some development checks.Clinical medical officers and general practitioners also carry out screening tests, but they are increasingly concerned in selective development assessment sessions.
New system for GP recruitment
Authors: D. Carnall
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Classified supplement www.bmjclassified.com 

It is still less than a quarter of a century since vocational training for general practice in the United Kingdom became compulsory, though informal training is as old as medicine itself. The present arrangements, which require registered medical practitioners to have two years' experience in certain specialties and a year of vocational training in a training practice, were satisfactory for most trainees who graduated from British medical schools. The arrangements lacked flexibility, however, and as new developments in general practice arrived, some cracks started to show. As a result directors of postgraduate general practice education have now taken full responsibility (including budgetary responsibility) for managing vocational …
Adverse food reactions by skin contact
Authors: S. L. Bahna
Journal: Allergy (2004)

The skin is very much exposed to food contact, both in the occupational and nonoccupational settings. Through such an exposure, adverse reactions can occur that may be irritant or immunologic. Both such types of reactions are particularly common in children with atopic dermatitis. Immunologic reactions can be immediate (immunoglobulin E‐mediated) or delayed (cell‐mediated), and can be localized or systemic. The latter can be life‐threatening, even following trivial exposure. Clinical and experimental data are accumulating to indicate that epicutaneous exposure to food can induce de novo systemic immunoglobulin E sensitization.