tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Present Status of Interstitial Irradiation in Managing Prostatic Cancer
Authors: Rubin H. Flocks
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Prostatic carcinoma can be divided into four stages as it is seen clinically, as follows: (1) A stage A lesion is occult. (2) A stage B lesion is completely limited to the prostate and is relatively small. (3) A stage C lesion invades the capsule and partially invades the areolar tissue around the prostate itself and around the base of the seminal vesicles, with no evidence of lymph-node or vascular metastases, and includes lesions which are larger than stage B lesions with extensive invasion around the bladder neck and the base of the seminal vesicles, but again with no evidence of distant metastases. (4) A stage D lesion has vascular metastases and lymph-node metastases. This clinical staging, it is to be emphasized, is subject to much correction, since recent studies indicate that approximately 5% of stage A and B lesions have either vascular or lymphatic lesions, that 45% of stage
Potency of Brand Name and Generic Levothyroxine Products
Authors: Sheldon S. Stoffer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The tablet thyroxine content of a brand name and two generic products were studied. The mean thyroxine content was significantly different in the generic tablets when compared with that in the brand name product. The coefficient of variation of tablet thyroxine was lowest in the brand name, although this product had only 78% of expected potency. When these products were tested in three hypothyroid patients, two serum free thyroxine indexes were well outside the normal range when the most potent generic product was substituted for the brand name drug. Manufacturers should be required to measure the thyroxine content of their tablets. Until such time that levothyroxine products become more uniform, physicians, pharmacists, and legislators should not encourage product switching. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1704-1705, 1980)
Psychiatrists plan network to help asylum seekers
Authors: C. Bunce
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Psychiatrists who have become increasingly concerned about the mental health care of asylum seekers detained by the British government are appealing for help to establish a nationwide network of specialists trained to deal with detainees' particular problems.

They say that the current provision of psychiatric care to asylum seekers held in prisons or Home Office detention centres is inadequate. They argue that specialist knowledge is needed to deal with the psychiatric needs of detainees, many of whom already suffer from the effects of torture or bereavement when they come to Britain.

Dr Sashi Sashidharan, professor of community psychiatry at the University of Birmingham and clinical director of Northern Birmingham NHS Trust, says that, although asylum seekers theoretically have access to appropriate care, in practice they do not get it. “The present medical system (in prisons and detention centres) is not equipped to spot many of the psychiatric conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, that asylum seekers present with. What makes it worse is that people who are kept …
CD86+ or HLA-G+ can be transferred via trogocytosis from myeloma cells to T cells and are associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Ross Brown, Karieshma Kabani, James Favaloro, Shihong Yang, P. Joy Ho, John Gibson, Phillip Fromm, Hayley Suen, Narelle Woodland, Najah Nassif, Derek Hart, Douglas Joshua
Journal: Blood (2012)
Abstract 5467: Breflate upregulates TRAIL gene transcription in Bax-null cells and induces TRAIL-mediated apoptosis independently of p53 in TRAIL-sensitive tumor lines
Authors: Joshua E. Allen, Luv Patel, Gabriel Krigsfeld, Patrick A. Mayes, Gen Sheng Wu, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been hailed as a promising cancer drug target due to its apoptosis-inducing capabilities which are aimed selectively at cancer cells. Methods of inducing endogenous TRAIL as well as introducing exogenous recombinant human TRAIL (rhTRAIL) are being explored in preclinical studies and in the case of the latter, clinical trials. While the gene encoding for DR5, a TRAIL death receptor, has been known to be regulated by p53, we have recently shown that TRAIL is regulated by p53 at base pairs 504-1102 of its promoter (Kuribayashi et al., Cancer Biology and Therapy. 7:2034-2038, 2008). p53 is mutated in over half of all cancers; therefore, a method of upregulating endogenous TRAIL via a mechanism independent of p53 holds great potential therapeutic value for cancer. We searched for small molecule p53-independent upregulators of TRAIL using a luciferase reporter assay which utilized a plasmid with the gene encoding for firefly luciferase under the transcriptional control of the first 504 base pairs of the human TRAIL promoter. Screening with the NCI Diversity Set II library yielded several hits with &amp;gt;2-fold TRAIL induction which were repeated and further analyzed for use as a drug and to gain mechanistic insight. Interestingly, one hit from this screen was breflate, the prodrug of Brefeldin A (BFA). BFA inhibits retrograde protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum and is currently being investigated as a cancer therapeutic. Shao et al. (Exp. Cell Res. 227:190-196, 1996) have previously reported that BFA is a potent inducer of apoptosis in some cancer cell lines independently of p53, though the mechanistic relationship was not clear. Breflate clearly increased intracellular levels of TRAIL in HCT116 Bax−/− cells as determined by Western blot analysis, and in addition to the original reporter assay this is being corroborated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Moreover, sub-G1 analysis found that breflate induced levels of apoptosis &amp;gt;2-fold relative to control levels at 10μM after 24 hours in HCT116 p53−/− cells. Further mechanistic and ongoing in vivo studies are being conducted with breflate alone and in combination with chemotherapy or targeted cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5467.
Amphetamines and Antidepressants
Authors: Jerome A. Motto
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  The comments of Drs. Klein and Davis (212:1963, 1970) are well taken. Were it not for its importance, our disagreement over the effectiveness of current  drugs might well end at this point. To present a detailed rebuttal of their statement would simply be questioning who is better able to assess the results of others'  in this area.  I suggest that interested readers refer to a large-scale assessment of this problem published by the Psychopharmacology Research Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health. This work, studies on the Effectiveness of Antidepressant Drugs by Smith et al (Psychophar-macol Bull[special issue] March 1969), is far more systematic and thorough than the arguments that can be developed here. The key sentence is, In well-designed studies, the difference between the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs and placebo are not impressive.
Psychodynamic Study of Male Potency Disorders
Authors: Paul L. Janssen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

The information on the psychodynamics of monosymptomatic functional sexual disorders in men obtained so far from individual psychoanalytical investigations were tested on a large body of patients. In 74 men with psychogenic monosymptomatic primary or secondary potency disorders, several psychoanalytical interviews and pair interviews as well as, in some cases, a short psychotherapy were carried out. Investigations showed that in men with primary or secondary disorders of libido, erection and ejaculation, monosymptomatic neuroses were present in psychodynamic terms with particular repercussions for partner relationships. A correlation of symptomatology, age and psychodynamics was shown. Specific age-dependent conflict constellations could be discerned psychodynamically. In sexual phobias, primary disorders of erection and ejaculatio praecox, oedipal conflicts were found especially in young adults. In ejaculatio deficiens, the specific psychodynamics lay in an anal-retentive defense against pre-oedipal fears of anal-sadistic impulses and fear of ego-loss. In secondary (rarely primary) disorders of libido, erection and ejaculation, character neuroses, neurotic partnership conflicts on a pre-oedipal level as well as narcissistic crises in middle age were found. The results are discussed with regard to earlier views on the psychodynamics of functional sexual disorders in men.
Whistleblowing twice as common as in 1998
Authors: A. Iles
Journal: BMJ (2003)

People are twice as likely to blow the whistle on workplace misconduct today as they were five years ago, says a new report carried out by the UK whistleblowing charity Public Concern at Work. Increased calls to the national whistleblower's helpline, which the charity launched 10 years ago, reflect this growth.

The report, which was released this week, shows that safety risks and financial misconduct are the two most common issues on which …
Negative regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling by the Toll-like receptor homolog RP105
Authors: Senad Divanovic, Aurelien Trompette, Sowsan F Atabani, Rajat Madan, Douglas T Golenbock, Alberto Visintin, Robert W Finberg, Alexander Tarakhovsky, Stefanie N Vogel, Yasmine Belkaid, Evelyn A Kurt-Jones, Christopher L Karp
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis during treatment and its impact on quality of life: A cluster randomized trial
Authors: Philippe J. Bousquet, Claus Bachert, Giorgo W. Canonica, Thomas B. Casale, Joaquim Mullol, Jean Michel Klossek, Torsten Zuberbier, Jean Bousquet
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Echovirus Infection
Authors: William F. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A 16-year-old boy developed ventricular tachycardia during the course of febrile upper-respiratory tract infection. The arrhythmia was treated with cardioversion, and the patient recovered. The positive etiologic feature identified was an echovirus 4, which may have produced a myocarditis that would acount for the arrhythmia.
The Impact of Dementia on the Family
Authors: Peter V. Rabins, Nancy L. Mace, Mary Jane Lucas
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To determine the impact of dementia on the family, we interviewed the primary care givers of 55 patients suffering from an irreversible dementia. Problems reported included disturbances of patient behavior such as catastrophic reactions, waking at night, suspiciousness, and communication disorders, some of which can be alleviated by physician-initiated intervention. Care givers also reported that they themselves had feelings of anger, depression, and fatigue, which can be treated as well. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:333-335)
HAX1 deficiency causes autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia (Kostmann disease)
Authors: Christoph Klein, Magda Grudzien, Giridharan Appaswamy, Manuela Germeshausen, Inga Sandrock, Alejandro A Schäffer, Chozhavendan Rathinam, Kaan Boztug, Beate Schwinzer, Nima Rezaei, Georg Bohn, Malin Melin, Göran Carlsson, Bengt Fadeel, Niklas Dahl, Jan Palmblad, Jan-Inge Henter, Cornelia Zeidler, Bodo Grimbacher, Karl Welte
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Metabolomics Identifies an Inflammatory Cascade Involved in Dioxin- and Diet-Induced Steatohepatitis
Authors: Tsutomu Matsubara, Naoki Tanaka, Kristopher W. Krausz, Soumen K. Manna, Dong Wook Kang, Erik R. Anderson, Hans Luecke, Andrew D. Patterson, Yatrik M. Shah, Frank J. Gonzalez
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
The Case for More Cautious, Patient-Focused Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Keith Henry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Many clinicians who care for patients with HIV infection are dissatisfied with the existing recommendations on antiretroviral therapy. Current practice focuses on the early suppression of viremia, yet the outcome of that approach may not be in the best interest of individual patients or populations. The major goal of HIV therapy is to maintain the long-term health of the patient while avoiding drug-related toxicity and preserving viable future treatment options. Recent studies have challenged the principles on which recommendations for early, aggressive treatment were based. Key studies that lead to licensure of antiretroviral medications usually involve short-term results in treatment-naive patients; it is difficult to apply these results to long-term management of therapy-experienced patients. Early, aggressive therapy often prematurely exposes patients to risks for medication-related side effects and resistance. A more cautious, patient-focused, long-term approach to therapy would help foster studies of alternate strategies, such as delayed initiation of therapy, protease-sparing therapy, class-sparing therapy, planned drug interruptions, switches in therapy, and immune-based therapy. It is time for clinicians to rethink their approach to the treatment of HIV infection.
Reduction of HIV-1 RNA Levels with Therapy to Suppress Herpes Simplex Virus
Authors: Nicolas Nagot, Abdoulaye Ouédraogo, Vincent Foulongne, Issouf Konaté, Helen A. Weiss, Laurence Vergne, Marie-Christine Defer, Didier Djagbaré, Anselme Sanon, Jean-Baptiste Andonaba, Pierre Becquart, Michel Segondy, Roselyne Vallo, Adrien Sawadogo, Philippe Van de Perre, Philippe Mayaud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Epidemiologic data suggest that infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is associated with increased genital shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA and HIV-1 transmissibility.
Echocardiography in combined discrete and hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.
Authors: R Charles, C Makin, N Coulshed, D Hamilton
Journal: Thorax (1981)

A 10-year-old boy with discrete subaortic stenosis had coexisting abnormal systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, demonstrated by echocardiography, a sign normally taken as indicating the presence of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Surgical removal of a fibromuscular diaphragm abolished the echocardiographic signs of discrete subaortic stenosis but abnormal systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve persisted. A severe low cardiac output state complicated immediate recovery after removal of the left ventricle outflow obstruction, and was overcome only with considerable difficulty. The presence of hypertrophied septal muscle, and the associated small left ventricular cavity size, was thought to be the immediate cause of these problems, so that recognition of marked septal hypertrophy, together with abnormal anterior systolic movement of the mitral valve, should serve as a warning that similar difficulties are likely to bae encountered by other patients, after removal of the obstruction in subaortic stenosis. In our experience other forms of left ventricle outflow tract obstruction have not been found to show such a marked degree of asymmetric septal hypertrophy, but this does not mean it may not occur.
LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE FAR FIELD POTENTIALS MIMICKING LEFT SUPERIOR PULMONARY VEIN POTENTIALS: DOES PROXIMITY MATTER?
Authors: Subba Reddy Vanga, Mazda Biria, Jayasree Pillarisetti, Rajeshwar Guda, Mike Feldkamp, Thomas Rosamond, James L. Vacek, Buddhadeb Dawn, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Expression of the apoptosis-suppressing protein Bcl-2 in non-melanoma skin cancer
Authors: M.E.J.M. VERHAEGH, C.J.G. SANDERS, J.W. ARENDS, H.A.M. NEUMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is typically a slow-growing malignant tumour, composed of cells similar to those in the basal area of the epidermis. We investigated the expression of bcl-2 (B-cell leukaemia/lymphoma-2) in BCC, and also in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. The proto-oncogene bcl-2 encodes a protein which inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis). The protein is expressed in basal cells in normal human epithelium, but not in the suprabasal cell layers. Immunohistochemical localization using a monoclonal anti-Bcl-2 antibody revealed bcl-2 expression in all the BCCs (15 patients). SCCs did not express bcl-2 (five patients). The positive Bcl-2 staining of BCC tumour cells supports the hypothesis that BCCs originate from the basal layer of the epidermis. The bcl-2 expression of BCC tumour cells also suggests a neoplastic transformation caused by extended cell survival rather than increased cell proliferation. This type of neoplastic growth is possibly associated with less aggressive tumour behaviour.
Abstract 3588: Treatment of Diabetes and Outcome After Myocardial Infarction: A Community Study
Authors: Richard K Patch, Adelaide M Arruda-Olson, Cynthia L Leibson, Adrian Vella, Susan A Weston, Jill M Killian, Robert L Frye, Veronique L Roger
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND Epidemiological cohorts can assist with post-marketing surveillance as they provide community-based outcomes data. Concern was raised about the adverse impact of sulfonylureas (SU) drugs on the outcome of diabetes after myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated the outcome of MI according to treatment among diabetic persons compared to non-diabetic counterparts in a community-based cohort. METHODS All MIs that occurred in Olmsted County, MN between 1979 and 2002 were validated by standardized epidemiological including cardiac pain, biomarkers and ECG Minnesota coding. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was defined by the National Diabetes Data Group criteria. RESULTS Among 2732 persons with MI (mean age 70 ± 12 years, 44% men), 486 (18%) had DM. Subjects with DM were treated with second generation SU (SU2) (24%), insulin (47%) or diet alone (22%) Diabetic subjects were more likely to be overweight, hyperlipidemic and to receive reperfusion therapy during hospitalization than non-diabetic subjects. One year after the MI, 518 subjects died. Diabetic subjects taking SU2 experienced better survival than subjects without diabetes, while subjects treated with diet alone or insulin experienced worse survival. (Figure ). After adjusting for age, sex, reperfusion and duration of DM, an excess risk of death was detected among persons with insulin-treated DM, particularly those with long-standing DM. No association was found for DM patients treated with SU2 or diet. CONCLUSION These data do not support the concern for an adverse impact of SU2 on survival and underscore the potential role of community studies for population surveillance.
ERYTHROCYTE GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE IN LICHEN PLANUS
Authors: D.W.K. Cotton, W.B.J.M. Staak
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article ERYTHROCYTE GLUCOSE‐6‐PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE IN LICHEN PLANUS Get access D.W.K. Cotton, D.W.K. Cotton Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.B.J.M. Van Der Staak W.B.J.M. Van Der Staak Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue 3, 1 September 1975, Pages 354–355, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06507.x Published: 01 September 1975
TCT-664 Impact of Obesity on Coronary Atherosclerosis Assessed by Grayscale and Virtual histology Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: Soo-Jin Kang, Gary S. Mintz, Bernhard Witzenbichler, D. Christopher Metzger, Ernest L. Mazzaferri, Peter L. Duffy, Giora Weisz, Thomas Stuckey, Bruce R. Brodie, Ke Xu, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Gross Treatment of a Union Medical Officer. -- Extraordinary Conduct of the Poor-Law Commissioners
Authors: H. C. Deshon
Journal: BMJ (1844)

OFFICER. 4-99 ougbt to be prepared to prove that there are abuses existing in the Society, and that the present body have kpen guilty of some act which would render them unfit for the performance of the very important duties with which they are invested.It may also be required to prove that the presenh Court of Examniners at Apothecaries' Hall, are imcompetent to fill the office to which they have been appointed.He will find some difficulty in discovering nny one who would have moral courage enough to do this.If lie will take the trouble to read the recent regulations of the Conrt of Examiners, he will then see the superior talents and high qualifications that are necessary and required for a candidate to possess, who wishes to obtain a certificate from the Apothecaries' Hall; and he would, I am sure, at once be struck with the numnerous and varied acquirements they insist on, and must admire and approve of the anxiety and care evinced, on the part of the examiners, to admit none as memnbers but those who, from their classical education and great attainments, are likely to become useful and scientific memnbers of the profession, as well as valuable members of the community.I think it would give him some trouble to get-Members of Parliament to vote for any measure that was intended to supersede these examiners, and to destroy the society to which they belong.He must first conceive, then, that the Apothecaries' Society is not fit for the purpose it was originally designed, and that they are not capable of being reformed.The general practitioner, before 1815, never dreamt of having the sole legal control over the medical pro- fession.They at that time applied to the Colleges of Pbysicians and Surgeons to assist them in improving
Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of ectopic hormone production in small cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: M. Hansen, M. Hammer, L. Hummer
Journal: Thorax (1980)

In 75 unselected and untreated patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung, plasma ACTH, serum calcitonin, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in plasma and urine were related to corresponding clinical symptoms and biochemical findings at the time of diagnosis.The sig- nificance of elevated concentrations of these substances in relation to treatment was also in- vestigated.Plasma ACTH concentrations were increased in 22 patients (29%), and 25 patients (33%) were considered to have inappropriate ADH secretion.Only one patient had definite hypokalaemic alkalosis, and one patient pronounced hyponatraemia, with associated clinical syndromes of ectopic ACTH and ADH secretion.Serum calcitonin concentrations were in- creased in 48 patients (65%).No related clinical symptoms were disclosed, and all these patients on August 20, 2023 by guest.