tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of postreceptor effects of 1-34 human hypercalcemia factor and 1-34 human parathyroid hormone in rat osteosarcoma cells.
Authors: S B Rodan, M Noda, G Wesolowski, M Rosenblatt, G A Rodan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

A tumor-derived factor believed to cause hypercalcemia by acting on the parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor was recently purified, cloned, and found to have NH2-terminal sequence homology with PTH. The 1-34 region of this protein was synthesized, evaluated for its postreceptor effects on the ROS 17/2.8 cell line, and its properties were compared to 1-34 PTH. Both 1-34 human humoral hypercalcemia factor (HCF) and 1-34 PTH stimulated adenylate cyclase with an effective concentration (EC)50 of approximately 1 nM. The extent of stimulation by both peptides was equally enhanced by dexamethasone. They both had a pronounced inhibitory effect on growth in the presence of dexamethasone, with an EC50 of approximately 0.1 nM, reduced alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity by approximately 70% in the absence of dexamethasone and by approximately 80% in the presence of dexamethasone with an EC50 of 0.03 nM, and when present at a concentration of 10 nM, reduced AP mRNA levels (estimated by Northern analysis) by approximately 80% in the presence or absence of dexamethasone. Thus, in addition to similar dose-response curves for adenylate cyclase stimulation, both HCF and PTH produced identical postreceptor effects in ROS 17/2.8 cells. These effects of HCF are probably mediated by the interaction of the tumor-derived factor with the PTH receptor.
The Blood Flow through the Calf of the Leg during Acute Occlusion of the Femoral Artery and Vein
Authors: JOHN T. SHEPHERD
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The calf blood flow has been studied in the human subject before and during acute occlusion of the common femoral artery and vein. The results suggest that the concomitant venous occlusion has a detrimental effect on the development of the collateral circulation.
Radiation and inhibition of angiogenesis by canstatin synergize to induce HIF-1α–mediated tumor apoptotic switch
Authors: Claire Magnon, Paule Opolon, Marcel Ricard, Elisabeth Connault, Patrice Ardouin, Ariane Galaup, Didier Métivier, Jean-Michel Bidart, Stéphane Germain, Michel Perricaudet, Martin Schlumberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Tumor radioresponsiveness depends on endothelial cell death, which leads in turn to tumor hypoxia. Radiation-induced hypoxia was recently shown to trigger tumor radioresistance by activating angiogenesis through hypoxia-inducible factor 1-regulated (HIF-1-regulated) cytokines. We show here that combining targeted radioiodide therapy with angiogenic inhibitors, such as canstatin, enhances direct tumor cell apoptosis, thereby overcoming radio-induced HIF-1-dependent tumor survival pathways in vitro and in vivo. We found that following dual therapy, HIF-1alpha increases the activity of the canstatin-induced alpha(v)beta(5) signaling tumor apoptotic pathway and concomitantly abrogates mitotic checkpoint and tetraploidy triggered by radiation. Apoptosis in conjunction with mitotic catastrophe leads to lethal tumor damage. We discovered that HIF-1 displays a radiosensitizing activity that is highly dependent on treatment modalities by regulating key apoptotic molecular pathways. Our findings therefore support a crucial role for angiogenesis inhibitors in shifting the fate of radiation-induced HIF-1alpha activity from hypoxia-induced tumor radioresistance to hypoxia-induced tumor apoptosis. This study provides a basis for developing new biology-based clinically relevant strategies to improve the efficacy of radiation oncology, using HIF-1 as an ally for cancer therapy.
Molecular Profiling of Matched Samples Identifies Biomarkers of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Janete M. Cerutti, Gisele Oler, Pedro Michaluart, Rosana Delcelo, Robert M. Beaty, Jennifer Shoemaker, Gregory J. Riggins
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Biomarkers of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) metastasis can accurately identify metastatic cells and aggressive tumor behavior. To find new markers, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was done on three samples from the same patient: normal thyroid tissue, primary PTC, and a PTC lymph node metastasis. This genomewide expression analysis identified 31 genes expressed in lymph node metastasis, but not in the primary tumor. Eleven genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR) on independent sets of matched samples to find genes that were consistently different between the tumor and metastatic samples. LIMD2 and PTPRC (CD45) showed a statistically significant difference in expression between tumor and metastatic samples (P &amp;lt; 0.0045), and an additional gene (LTB) had borderline significance. PTPRC and LTB were tested by immunohistochemistry in an independent set of paired samples, with both markers showing a difference in protein expression. All 20 metastases from 6 patients showed expression in both markers, with little or no expression in primary tumor. Some of these markers could provide an improved means to detect metastatic PTC cells during initial staging of a newly diagnosed carcinoma and/or to rule out recurrence. The functional role of these genes may also provide insight into mechanisms of thyroid cancer metastasis. [Cancer Res 2007;67(16):7885–92]
Free Medical Clinics
Authors: Bernadine Z. Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> John Stoeckle, MD, and his colleagues (<b>219</b>:603, 1972) are thoughtful and kindly physicians as well as lucid essayists. However, I fear these virtues are apt to be detrimental if they serve to strengthen in any way the advocacy of free medical clinics which are supplied with equipment left over from doctors' offices, a haphazard system of collecting drugs at no cost, and laboratory tests "written off at no charge when sent to generous directors of private or hospital laboratories." I have personally never met any laboratory directors willing to do tests at no charge except in rare and single instances. This is certainly not a system to recommend for the provision of ambulatory medical care. That it has succeeded in some instances is laudable but irrelevant to the large problem of providing medical care to those who cannot afford it. These so-called clinics may well serve
Hypersensitivity and oral tolerance in the absence of a secretory immune system
Authors: M. R. Karlsson, F.‐E. Johansen, H. Kahu, A. Macpherson, P. Brandtzaeg
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Mucosal immunity protects the epithelial barrier by immune exclusion of foreign antigens and by anti-inflammatory tolerance mechanisms, but there is a continuing debate about the role of secretory immunoglobulins (SIgs), particularly SIgA, in the protection against allergy and other inflammatory diseases. Lack of secretory antibodies may cause immune dysfunction and affect mucosally induced (oral) tolerance against food antigens.We used polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot export SIgA or SIgM, to study oral tolerance induction by ovalbumin (OVA) feeding and for parenteral antigen sensitization in the same animal.Remarkable systemic hyperreactivity was observed in pIgR KO mice, as 50% died after intradermal OVA challenge, which was not seen in similarly sensitized and challenged wild-type (WT) mice. Oral tolerance induced by OVA completely protected the sensitized pIgR KO mice against anaphylaxis and suppressed antibody levels (particularly IgG1) as well as delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to OVA. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to a bystander antigen, human serum albumin, was also suppressed and T-cell proliferation against OVA in vitro was reduced in tolerized compared with non-tolerized pIgR KO mice. This effect was largely mediated by CD25+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of splenic putative regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+) obtained from OVA-fed pIgR KO mice to naïve WT mice mediated suppression of DTH against OVA after sensitization of the recipients.Compensatory regulatory T-cell function becomes critical in pIgR-deficient mice to avoid the potentially catastrophic effects of systemic immune hyperreactivity, presumably resulting from defective secretory antibody-mediated immune exclusion of microbial components.
Varying Carbohydrate Intake in NIDDM
Authors: Robert R. Schenck
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —In the article by Dr Garg and colleagues, 1 what was the high-carbohydrate diet proportion of simple carbohydrates (eg, sugars, fruit) to complex carbohydrates (eg, vegetables)? It would have been important to know this, because of the obvious effects of simple carbohydrates on triglyceride levels, insulin requirements, and the like. The question should have been resolved before making any comment favoring higher fat content in diets for diabetics.  I believe omission of this information shows bias on the part of Garg et al and nullifies their conclusions.
A curiously ubiquitous articulatory movement
Authors: Björn Lindblom
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The frame/content theory justifiably makes tinkering an important explanatory principle. However, tinkering is linked to the accidental and, if completely decoupled from functional constraints, it could potentially play the role of an “idiosyncracy generator,” thus offering a sort of “evolutionary” alibi for the Chomskyan paradigm – the approach to language that MacNeilage most emphatically rejects. To block that line of reasoning, it should be made clear that evolutionary opportunism always operates within the constraints of selection.
Abstract Acceptance and Blinded Peer Review—Reply
Authors: Joseph S. Ross, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Is inducibility of atrial fibrillation with burst pacing a marker for atrial remodeling and poor outcome after successful pulmonary vein isolation?
Authors: Joseph W. Poku, John F. Beshai, David Lin, Sanjay Dixit, Laurent Lewkowiez, Edward P. Gerstenfeld, David J. Callans, Yadavendra Rajawat, Francis E. Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Epidermal growth factor–induced activation of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in rat hepatocytes
Authors: H Hallak
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) plays a critical role in the induction of cell cycle progression and survival in many cell types. However, there is minimal IGF-I binding to hepatocytes, and a role for IGF-I in hepatocyte signaling has not been elucidated. The dynamics of IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) activation were examined in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. IGF-I did not activate the IGF-IR. However, des(1-3)IGF-I, which weakly binds IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), induced IGF-IR phosphorylation. IGFBP-3 surface coating was identified by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. In contrast with the inactivity of IGF-I, epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF-IR in parallel with EGF receptor phosphorylation. Transactivation of the IGF-IR by EGF was inhibited by tyrphostin I-Ome-AG538, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with high specificity for the IGF-IR. Src kinase inhibitors pyrazolopyrimidine PP-1 and PP-2 inhibited transactivation of the IGF-IR by EGF. EGF stimulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of Src, and induced its association with the IGF-IR. EGF-induced phosphorylations of insulin-related substrate (IRS)-1, IRS-2, Akt, and p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were inhibited variably by I-Ome-AG538. In conclusion, the data show an EGF- and Src-mediated transactivation pathway for IGF-IR activation in hepatocytes, and indicate a role for the IGF-IR in hepatocyte intracellular signaling. The findings also show a role for IGFBP-3 in the inhibition of IGF-I signaling in hepatocytes.
Publication Bias and the Editorial Process-Reply
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We agree with Liberati to the extent that the registration of trials will be of use first to meta-analysts. But we predict that in the future all medical practitioners will come to base their practices on the results of such formal critical reviews. The fact that at this time many physicians are unskilled in the critical appraisal of the research literature does not mean that all are. Nor does it mean that we should abandon trying to improve such appraisal or stop publishing the research on which these reviews are based. Liberati's suggestion of a two-stage editorial review process, as he says, is not new. In fact, the first stage of this
Inflammatory cells in the airways in mild asthma.
Authors: S. Lozewicz, E. Gomez, H. Ferguson, R. J. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1988)

peritoneal dialysis in advanced liver disease complicated by hyponatraemia no improvement in renal function or hepatic encephalopathy was seen.4Thirteen of the 16 patients in this series died, two from complications of the peritoneal dialysis technique.Arteriovenous haemofiltration is an extracorporeal technique which allows removal of fluid, electrolytes, and small to medium sized molecules by plasma ultrafiltration.5A single filter used for several days allows continuous readjustment of fluid and electrolyte treatment.Clotting of the filter during periods of hypotension in the patient was the only problem encountered during filtration.Continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration combined with infusion of isotonic saline is of value in correcting severe hyponatraemia in patients with established hepatorenal syndrome who urgently require liver transplantation.Failure to correct hypo- natraemia before operation may precipitate central pontine myelinolysis.Using continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration to correct hyponatraemia safely allowed successful liver transplantation without neuro- logical sequelae.
"DANGERS OF THE IODIN TREATMENT IN EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER"
Authors: Arnold Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1924)

To the Editor:  —A communication entitled Dangers of the Iodin Treatment in Exophthalmic Goiter appeared in the Correspondence department ofThe Journal, November 8. I greatly respect the writer, C. E. de M. Sajous of Philadelphia, not only for his experience of forty-six years but also from his many useful contributions to the literature. Nevertheless I differ with him on the point in question. During the last two years I have operated on sixty-eight patients with exophthalmic goiter, with no deaths. During this time no patient has been refused operation, although several cases would be ordinarily termed poor risks. There were two cases of postoperative hyperthyroidism at the beginning of this series; otherwise no complications occurred. All but four of the patients received iodin before and after operation, as has been previously described. Ninety-six per cent. of the thyroidectomies were successfully performed under local anesthesia. The necessity for ligation was
HYSTERORRHAPHY.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May 5-8, 1891.
Authors: WM. RAWSON CHUNN
Journal: JAMA (1891)

During the past few years, many things have been accomplished by the medical profession, having in view the prevention as well as the amelioration of suffering in mankind. I take pleasure in going a step farther, and doubt not that all rejoice with me when I say the same is true in regard to womankind. It is not necessary to mention by name all the advances in this direction, as time alone prevents, but by way of example we may say, without fear of contradiction, the barren woman is made to bring forth children, and she that had an issue of blood is healed of her infirmity. I need say no more by way of compliment, than that which was heretofore assumed to be miraculous is now nothing more than natural, and known to all. These results have been accomplished both by accident and design. Opportunity, quickness, manual dexterity and
Hyperkalemia and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Mark A. Perazella
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 November 1996Hyperkalemia and Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleMark A. Perazella, MD, Rajendran Alappan, MD, and Gregory K. Buller, MDMark A. Perazella, MDYale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520-7068, St. Mary's Hospital Waterbury, CT 06706.Search for more papers by this author, Rajendran Alappan, MDYale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520-7068, St. Mary's Hospital Waterbury, CT 06706.Search for more papers by this author, and Gregory K. Buller, MDYale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520-7068, St. Mary's Hospital Waterbury, CT 06706.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-9-199611010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Watanakunakorn requests a chart review based on our study's identification of hospitalized patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and suggests the generation of a daily patient list through pharmacy records. These patients' hospital charts were reviewed prospectively for the data noted in the Methods section. Laboratory data were not available in all patients on a daily basis, as noted by the “n” values provided in our figures. The phrase “when available” should follow “daily” in the Methods section. Eighty of 380 patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were included in the study. As stated in the Methods section, patients were excluded ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark A. Perazella, MD; Rajendran Alappan, MD; Gregory K. Buller, MDAffiliations: Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520-7068, St. Mary's Hospital Waterbury, CT 06706. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMechanisms and management of drug-induced hyperkalemia in kidney transplant patients 1 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 9Page: 779-780KeywordsAldosteroneChartsHeparinHormonesMedical risk factorsNephronsPotassiumPyelonephritisRenal failureResearch laboratories ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic Injection of Ethanolamine as a Treatment for Achalasia: A First Report
Authors: M. Moretó, E. Ojembarrena, M.-L. Rodriguez
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that endoscopic sclerotherapy may effectively reduce the occurrence of spasm at the level of the gastric cardia, offering an effective treatment for achalasia.We prospectively treated 33 achalasia patients by repeated injection of ethanolamine oleate at the cardiac level. Twenty patients (series I) were reassessed after six to nine months, with a mean follow-up of 31.5 months (range 13-54 months) after treatment. In an attempt to avoid stricture formation, the last 13 patients (series II) were then treated on the basis of the need to reduce the number of injections per session and avoid new treatment while inflammatory or ulcerative signs, or both, were present. The series II patients were followed up for a mean of 11 months (range 1.7-21.3 months).Overall, a mean of 3.6 treatments was required, and the result was described as "excellent" or "good" in 31 of the 33 patients after one month. Two patients had a poor response to the treatment, but their condition improved after repeat treatment. After six to nine months, the subjective parameters (dysphagia, regurgitation, bronchopulmonary symptoms) and objective parameters (diameter of the esophagus, scintigraphy, manometry), had improved considerably after the treatment in the series I patients, and this improvement was sustained for more than two years, at least by subjective criteria. Four of the 20 series I patients developed mild or moderate fibrotic strictures, but these were managed successfully by standard 15-20 mm balloon dilation. No additional strictures were recorded in the last thirteen patients treated (series II). None of the patients who were followed up had to undergo surgery due to failure of the treatment.Endoscopic sclerotherapy appears to be a very promising alternative to the currently available therapeutic tools for achalasia.
Low vitamin D levels are associated with atopic dermatitis, but not allergic rhinitis, asthma, or IgE sensitization, in the adult Korean population
Authors: Hui Mei Cheng, Sunmi Kim, Gyeong-Hun Park, Sung Eun Chang, Seunghyun Bang, Chong Hyun Won, Mi Woo Lee, Jee Ho Choi, Kee Chan Moon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Evidence for the Contribution of LTR Retrotransposons to C. elegans Gene Evolution
Authors: E. W. Ganko
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

LTR retrotransposons may be important contributors to host gene evolution because they contain regulatory and coding signals. In an effort to assess the possible contribution of LTR retrotransposons to C. elegans gene evolution, we searched upstream and downstream of LTR retrotransposon sequences for the presence of predicted genes. Sixty-three percent of LTR retrotransposon sequences (79/124) are located within 1 kb of a gene or within gene boundaries. Most gene-retrotransposon associations were located along the chromosome arms. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that LTR retrotransposons have contributed to the structural and/or regulatory evolution of genes in C. elegans.
So-Called Posterior Mediastinal Goiter
Authors: Irving L. Lichtenstein, Marcus Rabwin, Henry L. Jaffe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

EVERY freshman medical student approaches his final examination in anatomy with apprehension. Probably, it is the multi-layered cervical fascia that presents the real challenge to his confidence. The neck is divided into superficial and deep compartments by connective-tissue planes. The deep cervical fascia itself is subdivided into the superficial, the middle or pretracheal and the deep or prevertebral layers. Students of anatomy will recall that a layer of fascia envelops the thyroid gland. This capsule, made up of the middle strata of the deep cervical fascia, stretches easily when its contents enlarge.With increase in size of the thyroid gland . . .
Usefulness of procalcitonin for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Charles-Edouard Luyt, Alain Combes, Catherine Reynaud, Guillaume Hekimian, Ania Nieszkowska, Marc Tonnellier, Alexandra Aubry, Jean-Louis Trouillet, Maguy Bernard, Jean Chastre
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)