tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Anatomy of Loneliness
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

There are all kinds of loneliness—the infant deprived of touch and affection, the homesick child at camp, the adolescent who does not feel part of the teenaged crowd, the young adult living alone in a large city, the parent whose children have grown up and flown the nest, the divorced, the aged, the dying, and many more—and sometimes this situation contributes to whatever complaints the patient brings to the physician. Ironically, although loneliness is much mentioned in popular songs and frequently confessed among friends, it seems to have received relatively little attention in the scientific literature. Discussing "strategies for denying aloneness," the psychiatrist Hartog writes, "We avert our gaze. As a result there is a dearth of scientific writing on the subject." To address what they perceive as a need, Dr Hartog, the late J. Ralph Audy, MD, PhD, and Yehudi Cohen, PhD, collected the experiences, ideas, and data
Economics first; health third, fourth, or nowhere
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Simulation of medical emergencies improves patients' careOn-site simulation of rare emergencies may improve the management of real patients without exposing them to inadequate care.Thompson and colleagues (p 269) report on a fire drill programme, using on-site simulation, to evacuate patients with eclampsia.They recorded the action of staff in written and video format during the drills, and identified problems with activation of the team, use of protocols, individual skills, drug usage, time wasting, and staff coordination.The authors developed and implemented solutions that resulted in improved care of simulated patients in subsequent drills, applying evidence based management and enhancing the level of efficiency.
Cell mediated autoimmune granulocytopenia in a case of Felty's syndrome.
Authors: S Slavin, M.H Liang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

A variety of mechanisms have been demonstrated or suggested to explain the neutropenia that accompanies Felty's syndrome. This case report presents with Felty's syndrome with recurrent infections with initially had a clinical response to splenectomy. Eleven years later profound neutropenia recurred. In-vitro evidence for cell mediated autosensitisation of peripheral blood lymphocytes to autologous bone marrow cells was found. The cellular abnormalities improved after high-dose corticosteroids but not lithium. However, there did not appear to be a reduction in the incidence of clinical infections. The finding suggests that granulocytopenia in some patients with Felty's syndrome may be an autoimmune phenomenon.
Number of serious adverse events doubles in seven years in US
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The number of reported serious adverse events from drug treatment more than doubled in the United States from 1998 to 2005, rising from 34 966 to 89 842, says a new study.

Over the same period the number of deaths relating to drugs nearly tripled, from 5519 to 15 107, show data from the US Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system, which collects all reports of adverse events submitted voluntarily to the agency either directly or through drug manufacturers ( Archives of Internal Medicine 2007;167:1752-9).

Using extracts …
EORTC, ISCL, and USCLC consensus recommendations for the treatment of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma*
Authors: Werner Kempf, Katrin Pfaltz, Maarten H. Vermeer, Antonio Cozzio, Pablo L. Ortiz-Romero, Martine Bagot, Elise Olsen, Youn H. Kim, Reinhard Dummer, Nicola Pimpinelli, Sean Whittaker, Emmilia Hodak, Lorenzo Cerroni, Emilio Berti, Steve Horwitz, H. Miles Prince, Joan Guitart, Teresa Estrach, José A. Sanches, Madeleine Duvic, Annamari Ranki, Brigitte Dreno, Sonja Ostheeren-Michaelis, Robert Knobler, Gary Wood, Rein Willemze
Journal: Blood (2011)
Scintigram in Cortical Blindness (Anton??s Syndrome)
Authors: S SILVERBERG, D L WILANSKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Anton's syndrome or cortical blindness consists of blindness, denial of blindness and at times confabulation.1 Despite the fact that the patient is completely blind, a persistent denial of inability to see is noted and is sometimes accompanied by visual hallucinations. We present a case report and scintigraphic study.
Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Lymphocytes Generated from a DNA Vaccine Control Tumors Through the Fas–FasL Pathway
Authors: Wen-Fang Cheng, Chien-Nan Lee, Ming-Cheng Chang, Yi-Ning Su, Chi-An Chen, Chang-Yao Hsieh
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Human papillomavirus, particularly type 16, and its oncogenic proteins, E6 and E7, are consistently expressed in most cervical cancers. One of the major issues facing cancer immunotherapy is that many human cancers evade the immune system by downregulating the expression of Fas molecules. An E7-expressing murine tumor model with a downregulated Fas expression--TC-1 P3(A15) tumors--was created. A DNA vaccine encoding calreticulin linked to E7 (CRT/E7) was able to generate protective and therapeutic antitumor effects against TC-1 P3(A15) tumors. In vitro Ab depletion and in vivo adoptive experiments showed that the antitumor effect of E7-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes against the TC-1 P3(A15) tumor cells was through the Fas-FasL-dependent CTL effector mechanism, and the TC-1 P3(A15) tumor cells needed higher numbers of antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes for in vivo elimination. Our results demonstrated that chimeric CRT/E7 DNA vaccine resulted in control of tumors with downregulated Fas expression, highlighting the importance of the Fas-FasL pathway in the potent antitumor effect of antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the role of Fas as part of in vivo tumor evasion.
The two-week-wait cancer initiative in urology: useful modernization?
Authors: D. Allen, R. Popert, T. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

The two-week-wait cancer initiative in the UK was designed to speed referral of patients suspected of having cancer and, by so doing, improve their outcome. We reviewed the case notes of all patients referred under this scheme to a single urology department over twelve months. In the department, nearly one-third of new outpatient appointments came under this scheme. 124 patients were referred and all but 7 were seen within the 14-day deadline. In 62 the reason for referral was haematuria, which was macroscopic in 42. Of those with macroscopic haematuria 6 proved to have cancer, newly diagnosed in 4 (2 bladder, 2 renal); no patient with microscopic haematuria had cancer. Of 35 referred with a raised prostate-specific antigen 11 had prostate cancer, in most cases beyond cure. Cancer was found in 1 of 19 patients referred with a testicular mass. In patients referred under the two-week-wait scheme with macroscopic haematuria, cancer is common. Microscopic haematuria is seldom significant. Carcinoma of the prostate is usually advanced and beyond cure at presentation. Among patients referred with scrotal lumps, cancer of the testis is not common. The scheme as a whole is unlikely to improve cancer outcomes. Patients with macroscopic haematuria might be better served by one-stop clinics. For those with testicular lumps, most of which will be benign, the best answer might be direct general practitioner access to scrotal ultrasonography.
Physiological and Phenotypic Characteristics of Late Survivors of Tetralogy of Fallot Repair Who Are Free From Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Authors: Alessandra Frigiola, Marina Hughes, Mark Turner, Andrew Taylor, Jan Marek, Alessandro Giardini, Tain-Yen Hsia, Kate Bull
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) after repair of tetralogy of Fallot is commonly required and is burdensome. Detailed anatomic and physiologic characteristics of survivors free from late PVR and with good exercise capacity are not well described in a literature focusing on the indications for PVR.Survival and freedom from PVR were tracked in 1085 consecutive patients receiving standard tetralogy of Fallot repair in a single institution from 1964 to 2009. Of 152 total deaths, 100 occurred within the first postoperative year. Surviving patients between 10 and 50 years of age had an annual risk of death of 4 (confidence limit, 2.8-5.4) times that of normal contemporaries. To date, 189 patients have undergone secondary PVR at mean age of 20±13 years (36% of those alive at 40 years of age). A random sample of 50 survivors (age, 4-57 years) free from PVR underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance, echocardiography, and exercise testing. These patients had mildly dilated right ventricles (right ventricular end-diastolic volume=101±26 mL/m(2)) with good systolic function (right ventricular ejection fraction=59±7%). Most had exercise capacity within normal range (z peak o2=-0.91±1.3; z e/ co2=0.20±1.5). In patients >35 years of age with normal exercise capacity, there was mild residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (mean gradient, 24±13 mm Hg), pulmonary annulus diameters <0.5z, and unobstructed branch pulmonary arteries.An important proportion of patients require PVR late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Patients surviving to 35 years of age without PVR and with a normal exercise capacity may have had a definitive primary repair; their right ventricular outflow tracts are characterized by mild residual obstruction and pulmonary annulus diameter <0.5z.
Headache Disorders: Current Concepts and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Dhirendra S. Bana
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dr Saper has gathered information that heretofore has been scattered in various texts and journals. To this he adds insight derived from personal experience. The result is an enlightening compilation of the current views on headaches and their management. As the primary author, he successfully combines his own writings with contributions of others to present a broad spectrum of issues. Headache disorders receiving extensive coverage include migraine, cluster, muscle contraction, mixed (migraine and muscle contraction), and post-traumatic headache syndromes. Among other more recently described precipitating causes presented are pericarotid syndromes, headache and cerebrovascular disease, postendarterectomy headache, empty sella headache, spontaneous carotid dissection, and dialysis headache. Relatively new advances, such as the use of oxygen in the treatment of cluster headaches, are included among the various drug therapies. While information on the treatment of headaches with drugs is complete, Dr Saper expresses concern about excessive medication by devoting an entire chapter
CARMA1 is a critical lipid raft–associated regulator of TCR-induced NF-κB activation
Authors: Olivier Gaide, Benoît Favier, Daniel F. Legler, David Bonnet, Brian Brissoni, Salvatore Valitutti, Claude Bron, Jürg Tschopp, Margot Thome
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)
Guided transtracheal distal pulmonary brushing-washing: diagnosing acute pneumonia in high-risk patients.
Authors: P Peltier, M Martin, J Barrier, P Germaud, J Y Leberre, J Y Grolleau
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Transtracheal brushing-washing of distal pulmonary lesions was performed in 20 patients. Specimens were obtained by brushing and washing through a catheter placed in the pulmonary lesion with the aid of a guide. In nine patients pathogenic organisms were isolated. In the other 11 patients infectious studies of the specimens were negative, five of the patients (true-negatives) showing no infection and six (false-negatives) showing infection. Serious complications were uncommon, but one patient, who had diffuse intravascular coagulation, died. This procedure seems to represent an advance over transtracheal aspiration and is an effective alternative to such invasive methods are transthoracic lung aspiration and pulmonary biopsy.
Abstract 2497: Upregulation of annexin A8 is a common molecular phenotype of aberrant breast acinar morphogenesis induced by different genetic factors.
Authors: Stefano Rossetti, Francesca Corlazzoli, Nicoletta Sacchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract It is estimated that up to 90% of women have benign breast lesions, some of which are pre-malignant. In situ lesions, particularly the ones that involve the ducts (ductal carcinoma in situ, DCIS), have the potential to progress into invasive malignant lesions and become life threatening. These breast premalignant states are identified because of specific morphological tissue abnormalities. Three-dimensional (3D) cultures of human mammary epithelial cells closely recapitulate breast acinar morphogenesis. While untransformed mammary epithelial cells form hollow acini, lined by polarized, non-proliferating cells, breast cancer cells form acini filled with non-polarized, actively proliferating cells, similar to DCIS. By using a proteomic approach in a panel of morphologically aberrant acini derived from human breast epithelial cells, we found that the disruption of acinar morphogenesis by different genetic factors generates a common proteomic signature. Among the proteins that we found consistently upregulated, we identified Annexin A8 (ANXA8), a member of the annexin family of calcium and membrane-binding proteins with a wide range of cellular functions, including cell division, apoptosis, and cell growth regulation. We tested ANXA8 expression in tissue samples from patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and tissue microarrays of DCIS, with or without, history of invasive breast cancer. Interestingly, this analysis detected ANXA8 increased expression in atypical proliferating ducts relative to non-proliferative ducts, making ANXA8 a potential marker of breast pre-malignancies. Acknowledgments: this study was funded by grants of the Susan Komen Foundation, the Breast Cancer Coalition of Rochester, the Friends for an Earlier Test of Breast Cancer Foundation. Citation Format: Stefano Rossetti, Francesca Corlazzoli, Nicoletta Sacchi. Upregulation of annexin A8 is a common molecular phenotype of aberrant breast acinar morphogenesis induced by different genetic factors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2497. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2497 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Basilar Artery Aneurysm in a Woman With Syphilis
Authors: Nathália Stela Visoná de Figueiredo, Débora Bartzen Moraes Angst, Lucas Silvestre Mendes, Michel Ferreira Machado, Maria Sheila Guimarães Rocha, Sônia Maria Dozzi Brucki
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Histones have high affinity for the glomerular basement membrane. Relevance for immune complex formation in lupus nephritis.
Authors: T M Schmiedeke, F W Stöckl, R Weber, Y Sugisaki, S R Batsford, A Vogt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

An effort has been made to integrate insights on charge-based interactions in immune complex glomerulonephritis with nuclear antigen involvement in lupus nephritis. Attention was focussed on the histones, a group of highly cationic nuclear constituents, which could be expected to bind to fixed anionic sites present in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). We demonstrated that all histone subfractions, prepared according to Johns (4), have a high affinity for GBM and the basement membrane of peritubular capillaries. Tissue uptake of 125I-labeled histones was measured by injecting 200 micrograms of each fraction into the left kidney via the aorta and measuring organ uptake after 15 min. In glomeruli isolated from the left kidneys, the following quantities of histones were found: f1, 13 micrograms; f2a (f2al + f2a2), 17 micrograms; f2b, 17 micrograms; and f3, 32 micrograms. Kinetic studies of glomerular binding showed that f1 disappeared much more rapidly than f2a. The high affinity of histones (pI between 10.5 and 11.0; mol wt 10,000-22,000) for the GBM correlates well with their ability to form aggregates (mol wt greater than 100,000) for comparison lysozyme (pI 11, mol wt 14,000), which does not aggregate spontaneously bound poorly (0.4 micrograms in isolated glomeruli). The quantity of histones and lysozyme found in the isolated glomeruli paralleled their in vitro affinity for a Heparin-Sepharose column (gradient elution studies). This gel matrix contains the sulfated, highly anionic polysaccharide heparin, which is similar to the negatively charged heparan sulfate present in the GBM. Lysozyme eluted with 0.15 M NaCl, f1 with 1 M NaCl, and f2a, f2b, and f3 could not be fully desorbed even with 2 M NaCl; 6 M guanidine-HCl was necessary. Two further findings of great relevance for the concept of induction of immune complex glomerulonephritis by histones were: (a) glomerular-bound histone was accessible for specific antibody given intravenously; and (b) prior binding of histones promoted glomerular deposition of anionic antigens, as could be shown with ssDNA fragments. These data justify the proposal that glomerular deposition of histones can induce immune complex formation, start an inflammatory process, and produce tissue damage.
Aberrant ossification halted after head trauma
Authors: Catherine Macek
Journal: JAMA (1983)

One of the many complications of severe head trauma is heterotopic ossification (HO), the formation in various parts of the body of new bony masses in tissue (such as muscle) that usually does not calcify. Prophylactic treatments such as active and passive motion, splinting, anti-inflammatory drugs, diathermy, ultrasound, and low-dose radiation all have had limited success in preventing such ossification.  The results of two preliminary studies, however, indicate that etidronate disodium, an agent most commonly used to treat Paget's disease, has proved useful in preventing primary HO as well as its recurrence after surgical removal of aberrant bony masses.  Etidronate and other diphosphonates are analogues of pyrophosphate, which is involved with calcification in vivo. Diphosphonates apparently retard both the formation and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals, thereby preventing bone resorption (as occurs in Paget's disease) as well as ectopic soft tissue calcification.  Although diphosphonates have been used to prevent HO in
Acute Hemolytic Anemia With Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia
Authors: Douglas F. Turtzo
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A patient was seen with severe hemolysis due to cold antibodies associated with<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>pneumonia. Therapy with tetracycline hydrochloride, prednisone, and folic acid was initiated, and complete recovery ensued. Data is presented documenting the presence of autoimmune hemolysis due cold agglutinins associated with<i>Mycoplasma</i>infection. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1140-1141, 1976)
Lovers in a Snowstorm
Authors: Edward Blumberg
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  If there are admirers of the cover picture, Lovers in a Snowstorm by Curt Stenvert (May 22,1972), they will be still more captivated by the translation of the German text, inscribed on the gloves and the urinary organs of the lovers, which was withheld from the English speaking reader for unknown reasons.  On the female glove we read,  love you. Do it, darling. I make the fork. I also accept crystallized spermatozoa. He replies, on his glove,  am happy with your love. I should fall down with you and beget a bloody snowman. On the left male kidney I can only decipher, Beloved kidney. On the spermatic cord I read, In spite of the snowstorm I feel the spermatogenesis. On the male urinary bladder, The radiating strength of your love is melting my beginning bladder stones. It is a pity that the probably equally passionate
Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone Injections
Authors: Carol A. Kauffman, Peter G. Pappas, Thomas F. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A n unprecedented outbreak of fungal infections has been associated with injection of methylprednisolone that was contaminated with environmental molds.The index case, which prompted clinicians at Vanderbilt University to call the Tennessee Department of Health and which brought this event to national attention, was reported by Pettit et al. on October 19, 2012, at NEJM.org and in the November 29, 2012, issue of the Journal. 1 We now summarize our understanding of this outbreak as of June 7, 2013.At the outset of the outbreak, the persistence and progression of neutrophilic meningitis of unknown cause was the trigger for obtaining the history of a recent epidural injection of methylprednisolone.Then events fell into place.After the alarm was sounded about this association, other physicians throughout the country realized that they too had struggled to find a cause for similar cases in recent weeks.What was intriguing about this case report was that the mold causing meningitis was reported to be Aspergillus fumigatus, an organism that has not been detected in any of the subsequent 700-plus cases.It has since been determined that the major culprit is Exserohilum rostratum, a plant pathogen that rarely causes human disease.This mold has been cultured or identified by means of a polymerasechain-reaction (PCR) assay from cerebrospinal fluid or tissues in 152 patients and has been detected in unopened vials from two of the three implicated lots of methylprednisolone.Shortly after the Tennessee Department of Health was notified on September 18, 2012, the implicated lots were quickly identified, all centers that had received the implicated lots were alerted, and patients who had received injections from these lots were notified of the potential for fungal infection.More than 13,400 patients could have been exposed to contaminated methylprednisolone from one of the three implicated lots.The compounding pharmacy producing the drug, New England Compounding Center (NECC), was closed, and all products (not just the implicated lots) were recalled.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided timely information regarding appropriate diagnostic testing and treatment on its website (www.cdc.gov).Further epidemiologic studies by the Tennessee Department of Health and the CDC showed that one lot (number 06292012@26) was associated with an increased number of cases, especially when the vials that were used had been manufactured more than 50 days earlier. 2,3en t ific at ion of the Mol d E. rostratum is a dematiaceous, or black, mold containing melanin in its cell wall.It is widely found in the environment, on plant debris, in soil, and in water. 4,5Human infection is uncommon and is usually restricted to allergic sinusitis, keratitis, andThe New England Journal of Medicine Downloaded from nejm.org