tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of Human Ku86 in Telomere Length Maintenance and Telomere Capping
Authors: Isabel Jaco, Purificación Muñoz, María A. Blasco
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The role of Ku86 at telomeres has been extensively studied in various organisms; however, a role for Ku86 at human telomeres was unknown because Ku86 deletion is lethal for human cells. Here, we used small interference RNA to decrease Ku86 protein levels in human cells. An ∼50% reduction in the amount of Ku86 protein was achieved 72 hours after transfection with Ku86-specific small interference RNAs. This decrease in Ku86 levels resulted in a rapid loss of cell viability characterized by increased apoptosis and decreased mitotic index in the cell population. Importantly, Ku86 knockdown was concomitant with a significant loss of telomeric sequences and with increased chromosomal aberrations, including chromatid-type fusions involving telomeric sequences. These findings demonstrate a role for Ku86 in regulating telomere length and telomere capping in human cells, which, in turn, could impact on cancer and aging.
Pain-related behaviors and neurochemical alterations in mice expressing sickle hemoglobin: modulation by cannabinoids
Authors: Divyanshoo R. Kohli, Yunfang Li, Sergey G. Khasabov, Pankaj Gupta, Lois J. Kehl, Marna E. Ericson, Julia Nguyen, Vinita Gupta, Robert P. Hebbel, Donald A. Simone, Kalpna Gupta
Journal: Blood (2010)
Chronic Kidney Disease Progression
Authors: Allison A. Eddy, Eric G. Neilson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Whether we like it or not, nephrologists around the world have been called to action. Our mission is to attenuate the growth of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several conditions will need to gel for us to succeed. Although we now have a better understanding of its alarming incidence and prevalence
T-cell receptor variable region genes in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
Authors: None Thor straten, None Ralfkiaer, None Hendriks, None Seremet, None Vejlsgaard, None Zeuthen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

The genes encoding the T-cell receptor (TCR) variable β (TCRBV) regions were studied in skin biopsy samples from 24 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), i.e. mycosis fungoides (n = 7), Sézary syndrome (n = 4), lymphomatoid papulosis (n = 3) and large cell CTCL with (n = 3) or without (n = 7) CD30 expression. A panel of 24 primers specific for TCRBV families 1–24 was designed and applied to cDNA using a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase coupled polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Three patients showed restricted expression of a limited number (1–3) of TCRBV families. In the remaining patients, an average of 17 (range: 13–22) different families was expressed. All patients showed elevated (> 10%) expression of individual families significantly higher than that seen in normal blood lymphocytes, but no preferential usage of particular gene families was observed. Direct sequence analysis of more than 60 PCR products revealed clonal TCR transcripts in 18 patients. A single T-cell clone, constituting 9–100% (mean: 26%) of the TCRBV mRNA, was present in 12 patients; two T-cell clones, constituting 13–72% (mean: 21.5%) of the TCRBV mRNA, were present in five patients; and three T-cell clones, accounting for < 0.5–13% of the TCRBV mRNA, were present in one patient. In the remaining six patients, clonal TCR transcripts could not be identified. It is concluded that most CTCL contain both clonal and non-clonal (reactive) T cells, and that the latter cells are more numerous than anticipated. These cells may be engaged in tumour immune reactions, although prospective studies and/or serial investigations are needed to elucidate this issue fully.
Components of respiratory resistance monitored in mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: B. Babik, F. Peták, T. Asztalos, Z.I. Deák, G. Bogáts, Z. Hantos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

The interrupter technique is commonly adopted to monitor respiratory resistance ( R rs,int ) during mechanical ventilation; however, R rs,int is often interpreted as an index of airway resistance ( R aw ). This study compared the values of R rs,int provided by a Siemens 940 Lung Mechanics Monitor with total respiratory impedance ( Z rs ) parameters in 39 patients with normal spirometric parameters, who were undergoing elective coronary bypass surgery. Z rs was determined at the airway opening with pseudorandom oscillations of 0.2–6 Hz at end inspiration. R aw and tissue resistance ( R ti ) were derived from the Z rs data by model fitting; R ti and total resistance ( R rs,osc = R aw + R ti ) were calculated at the actual respirator frequencies. Lower airway resistance ( R awl ) was estimated by measuring tracheal pressure. Although good agreement was obtained between R rs,osc and R rs,int , with a ratio of 1.07±0.19 (mean±sd), they correlated poorly (r 2 =0.36). R ti and the equipment component of R aw accounted for most of R rs,osc (39.8±11.9 and 43.0±6.9%, respectively), whereas only a small portion belonged to R awl (17.2±6.3%). It is concluded that respiratory resistance may become very insensitive to changes in lower airway resistance and therefore, inappropriate for following alterations in airway tone during mechanical ventilation, especially in patients with relatively normal respiratory mechanics, where the tissue and equipment resistances represent the vast majority of the total resistance.
Intractable Ascites
Authors: James E. Sampliner
Journal: JAMA (1976)

DESPITE stringent medical therapy, including salt and water restriction and the use of diuretics, salt-poor albumin, and corticosteroids, ascites refractory to treatment develops in an occasional patient with cirrhosis. Because the development of ascites is primarily a mechanical problem, with increased hepatic-outflow vascular resistance,<sup>1</sup>decreased transport capacity for liver lymph, and an increased permeability of hepatic sinusoids, procedures to return ascitic fluid back into the circulatory system have been resorted to in these cases.<sup>2</sup>Recent success with the placement of a peritoneovenous shunt for ascites as described by Le Veen et al<sup>3</sup>led to the use of this shunt in the patient reported here. Studies of aldosterone secretion, not previously described with this form of treatment, were performed on this patient and indicate that this shunt markedly reduces the usual secondary hyperaldosteronism that accompanies massive ascites. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 65-year-old man with biopsy-proved Laënnec cirrhosis
Sleep and gastric function in irritable bowel syndrome: derailing the brain-gut axis
Authors: W C Orr, M D Crowell, B Lin, M J Harnish, J D Z Chen
Journal: Gut (1997)

Recently, several studies have shown an alteration in bowel function during sleep in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and a recent study also suggests a remarkable increase in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These studies have suggested that an alteration in CNS function may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS.To confirm the presence of an alteration in REM sleep in patients with IBS and to assess the relation between sleep and a non-invasive measure of gastric functioning, the electrogastrogram (EGG).Ten patients with IBS and 10 age and sex matched normal volunteers.All subjects slept one night in the sleep laboratory and underwent polysomnographic monitoring to determine sleep patterns, and recording of the EGG from surface electrodes.The IBS group had a notable and significant increase in the percentage and duration of REM sleep (p < 0.05). The control group had a decrease in the amplitude of the dominant EGG frequency from waking to non-REM sleep (p < 0.05), and a subsequent increase in the amplitude from non-REM to REM sleep (p < 0.05). No such changes were noted in the patients with IBS.Results confirmed the enhancement of REM sleep in patients with IBS and suggested an intrinsic alteration in autonomic and CNS functioning in patients with IBS.
Treatment of radiation sickness with pyridoxine hydrochloride in outpatients of a radiotherapy unit.
Authors: H. Mattie, E. W. Emery, I. D. Hill, D. R. Laurence
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Since radiation sickness manifests itself as a complex of subjective, often vague, complaints, mixed with symptoms due to the original disease or to anxiety, it is obvious that a study of the effect of treatment should be conducted double-blind, and this was done.
Antisepsis as She is Taught.
Authors: C. M. Fenn
Journal: JAMA (1893)

<h3>Cleanliness is next to godliness.</h3><h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Some of the requirements of modern antisepsis, "such as shaving the pubes, sealing vagina and anus, and banishing paterfamilias, ante partum" must impress the veteran obstetrician much as the swallow-tail coat and standing collar did an untutored savage in process of civilization. Delighted and tractable he was until he came to put on these articles of apparel, when suddenly disrobing he resumed his war paint and feathers and with a "whoop" disappeared in the bush. San Diego, Sept. 18, 1893.
A Large U3 Deletion Causes Increased In Vivo Expression From a Nonintegrating Lentiviral Vector
Authors: Matthew Bayer, Boris Kantor, Adam Cockrell, Hong Ma, Brian Zeithaml, Xiangping Li, Thomas McCown, Tal Kafri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

The feasibility of using nonintegrating lentiviral vectors has been demonstrated by recent studies showing their ability to maintain transgene expression both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vectors packaged with a mutated integrase were able to correct retinal disease in a mouse model. Interestingly, these results differ from earlier studies in which first-generation nonintegrating lentiviral vectors yielded insignificant levels of transduction. However, to date, a rigorous characterization of transgene expression from the currently used self-inactivating (SIN) nonintegrating lentiviral vectors has not been published. In this study, we characterize transgene expression from SIN nonintegrating lentiviral vectors. Overall, we found that nonintegrating vectors express transgenes at a significantly lower level than their integrating counterparts. Expression from nonintegrating vectors was improved upon introducing a longer deletion in the vector's U3 region. A unique shuttle-vector assay indicated that the relative abundance of the different episomal forms was not altered by the longer U3 deletion. Interestingly, the longer U3 deletion did not enhance expression in the corpus callosum of the rat brain, suggesting that the extent of silencing of episomal transcription is influenced by tissue-specific factors. Finally, and for the first time, episomal expression in the mouse liver was potent and sustained. The feasibility of using nonintegrating lentiviral vectors has been demonstrated by recent studies showing their ability to maintain transgene expression both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vectors packaged with a mutated integrase were able to correct retinal disease in a mouse model. Interestingly, these results differ from earlier studies in which first-generation nonintegrating lentiviral vectors yielded insignificant levels of transduction. However, to date, a rigorous characterization of transgene expression from the currently used self-inactivating (SIN) nonintegrating lentiviral vectors has not been published. In this study, we characterize transgene expression from SIN nonintegrating lentiviral vectors. Overall, we found that nonintegrating vectors express transgenes at a significantly lower level than their integrating counterparts. Expression from nonintegrating vectors was improved upon introducing a longer deletion in the vector's U3 region. A unique shuttle-vector assay indicated that the relative abundance of the different episomal forms was not altered by the longer U3 deletion. Interestingly, the longer U3 deletion did not enhance expression in the corpus callosum of the rat brain, suggesting that the extent of silencing of episomal transcription is influenced by tissue-specific factors. Finally, and for the first time, episomal expression in the mouse liver was potent and sustained.
Drugs in Drinking Water
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A New Method of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Using Submucosal Injection of Jelly
Authors: M. Yamasaki, K. Kume, K. Kanda, I. Yoshikawa, M. Otsuki
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The technique of endoscopic submucosal dissection has been developed so that large lesions can be reliably resected en bloc. Several substances, including sodium hyaluronate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and glycerol have been used to create a long-lasting submucosal fluid cushion [1] [2] [3] [4]. However, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and particularly the process of submucosal incision, is technically difficult and carries a high risk of perforation. We therefore report a new method of submucosal dissection by injecting jelly (Null Jelly; Teikoku Medix Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan) into the submucosa. This method obviates the need for submucosal incision using a knife. The jelly, which is used as a sterilized medical lubricator in endoscopy, is thick and viscous. The elevation created by the jelly is significantly greater than that created by the other substances used for submucosal injection, and separates the submucosal layer from the muscular layer.
Ventricular fibrillation threshold in acute myocardial infarction and its relation to myocardial infarct size
Authors: C. M. BLOOR, A. EHSANI, F. C. WHITE, B. E. SOBEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

The effect of myocardial infarct size on ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was evaluated by determining changes in VFT during acute myocardial infarction and relating those changes to infarct size. Infarct size was estimated from gross measurement and from serial changes in serum CPK activity in 25 dogs. VFT reduction correlated well with gross infarct size (r = 0.92). This suggests that the severity of electrical instability during AMI is related to the size of the developing infarct, and that appropriate therapeutic interventions to reduce infarct size during this time may also render the heart more electrically stable.
The thrombin receptor extracellular domain contains sites crucial for peptide ligand-induced activation.
Authors: W F Bahou, B S Coller, C L Potter, K J Norton, J L Kutok, M S Goligorsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

A thrombin receptor (TR) demonstrating a unique activation mechanism has recently been isolated from a megakaryocytic (Dami) cell line. To further study determinants of peptide ligand-mediated activation phenomenon, we have isolated, cloned, and stably expressed the identical receptor from a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) library. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing a functional TR (CHO-TR), platelets, and HUVECs were then used to specifically characterize alpha-thrombin- and peptide ligand-induced activation responses using two different antibodies: anti-TR34-52 directed against a 20-amino acid peptide spanning the thrombin cleavage site, and anti-TR1-160 generated against the NH2-terminal 160 amino acids of the TR expressed as a chimeric protein in Escherichia coli. Activation-dependent responses to both alpha-thrombin (10 nM) and peptide ligand (20 microM) were studied using fura 2-loaded cells and microspectrofluorimetry. Whereas preincubation of CHO-TR with anti-TR34-52 abolished only alpha-thrombin-induced [Ca2+]i transients, preincubation with anti-TR1-160 abrogated both alpha-thrombin- and peptide ligand-induced responses. This latter inhibitory effect was dose dependent and similar for both agonists, with an EC50 of approximately 90 micrograms/ml. Anti-TR1-160 similarly abolished peptide ligand-induced [Ca2+]i transients in platelets and HUVECs, whereas qualitatively different responses characterized by delayed but sustained elevations in [Ca2+]i transients were evident using alpha-thrombin. Platelet aggregation to low concentrations of both ligands was nearly abolished by anti-TR1-160, although some shape change remained; anti-TR34-52 only inhibited alpha-thrombin-induced aggregation. These data establish that a critical recognition sequence for peptide ligand-mediated receptor activation is contained on the NH2-terminal portion of the receptor, upstream from the first transmembrane domain. Furthermore, alpha-thrombin-induced activation of HUVECs and platelets may be partially mediated by an alternative mechanism(s) or receptor(s).
Use of Epoetin in Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Daniel W. Coyne
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INHIBITION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS MULTIPLICATION BY N-GLYCOSIDES OF BENZIMIDAZOLES
Authors: Igor Tamm, Karl Folkers, Clifford H. Shunk, Frank L. Horsfall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1954)

Chloro derivatives of benzimidazole were found to be 2 to 3 times more active than corresponding methyl derivatives in causing inhibition of Lee virus multiplication in chorioallantoic membrane cultures in vitro. The most active benzimidazole derivative thus far tested is 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB); it caused 75 per cent inhibition of Lee virus multiplication in membrane cultures at a concentration of 0.38 x 10(-4)M. On the other hand, 5,6-dimethyl-1-alpha;-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole, the moiety present in vitamin B(12), failed to inhibit Lee virus multiplication at a concentration of 35 x 10(-4)M. Other N-glycosides of 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole were considerably less active than DRB. In single cycle experiments, the degree of inhibition of Lee virus multiplication by DRB in membrane cultures was not dependent on the amount of virus in the inoculum. This compound did not inactivate the infectivity of extracellular Lee virus, had no effect on virus-erythrocyte interaction, did not interfere with the adsorption of the virus by the host tissue, nor affect the release of newly formed virus from the membrane. The inhibitory effect of DRB on Lee virus multiplication, in contrast to that of 2,5-dimethylbenzimidazole, persisted after transfer of infected membranes into fresh culture medium not containing the compound. Both DRB and the 2,5-dimethyl compound caused 99 per cent inhibition of Lee virus multiplication without affecting oxygen uptake of the membrane. Tissue proliferation of membrane pieces in roller tube culture was not significantly affected by DRB at inhibitory concentration, whereas at equivalent concentration the 2,5-dimethyl compound did restrict cellular growth. At higher concentrations, both compounds caused retardation of cell proliferation. This effect was reversible on removal of either compound from the medium. The multiplication of several strains of influenza A and B viruses, i.e. Lee, MB, PR8, and FM1, was inhibited to the same degree by each of the two compounds; DRB was 35 times more active than the 2,5-dimethyl compound relative to each of the strains. DRB caused inhibition of Lee virus multiplication in intact embryonated chicken eggs and in mice without causing significant signs of toxicity in either host. Some of the implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of the inhibition of influenza virus multiplication.
Weekly Paclitaxel Combined with Monthly Carboplatin in Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Phase II Study
Authors: Jean-Louis Pujol, Bernard Milleron, Olivier Molinier, Elisabeth Quoix, Alain Depierre, Jean-Luc Breton, Radj Gervais, Didier Debieuvre, Stéphane Hominal, Fouad Namouni, Dominique Tonelli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
412 INSULIN RESISTANCE SIGNIFICANTLY CONTRIBUTE TO LIVER STIFFNESS IN NONDIABETIC PATIENTS WITH GENOTYPE 1 HCV INFECTION
Authors: S. Petta, C. Cammà, V. Di Marco, V. Calvaruso, M. Enea, F. Bronte, G. Butera, D. Cabibi, A. Craxì
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Cardiac Transplantation in Infants
Authors: Gregory D. Curfman, Stephen Morrissey, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

For children born with inoperable congenital heart disease or advanced cardiomyopathy, cardiac transplantation is the only therapeutic option. Each year in the United States, approximately 400 heart-transplantation procedures are performed in children and adolescents. In about two thirds, the indication is complex congenital heart disease, and in the remainder it is cardiomyopathy. During the past decade, the procedure has proved lifesaving for thousands of children.Of the 400 pediatric heart transplantations performed annually, about 100 are in infants under the age of 1 year. The 15-year survival rate among these infants is greater than 50%, increasing to 80% among those . . .