tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapidly Enlarging Nodular Plaque on the Leg
Authors: Alicia J. Little, Antonio Subtil, Jaehyuk Choi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
COMBINATION QUADVALVE WIRE SPECULUM AND BIVALVE SPECULUM RETRACTOR.
Authors: CHARLES F. SPANGLER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

This instrument is designed to facilitate the inspection of the vulva, vagina and cervix. It is especially serviceable in stout patients, or in patients with relaxed vaginal walls, which close in between the expanded blades of a speculum and obstruct the field of vision. It should be constructed of the most durable quality of steel wire. It is easily rendered aseptic, is self-retaining, and is readily introduced and withdrawn without pinching the tissues. The adjustment is such that the distension of the vaginal vault by the expanded blades draws the cervix well forward within the speculum and toward the vulvar outlet. The spring lop or vulvar extremities of both sections are intended to be permanently expanded and not compressed for introduction. The location of the cervix is ascertained with the index finger, the anteroposterior blades (Fig. 1) are introduced by placing the thumb through the loop on the
Celecoxib versus Diclofenac and Omeprazole in Reducing the Risk of Recurrent Ulcer Bleeding in Patients with Arthritis
Authors: Francis K.L. Chan, Lawrence C.T. Hung, Bing Y. Suen, Justin C.Y. Wu, Kenneth C. Lee, Vincent K.S. Leung, Aric J. Hui, Ka F. To, Wai K. Leung, Vincent W.S. Wong, S.C. Sydney Chung, Joseph J.Y. Sung
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Current guidelines recommend that patients at risk for ulcer disease who require treatment for arthritis receive nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are selective for cyclooxygenase-2 or the combination of a nonselective NSAID with a proton-pump inhibitor. We assessed whether celecoxib would be similar to diclofenac plus omeprazole in reducing the risk of recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients at high risk for bleeding.
Relationship of Creatinine and Nutrition with Arsenic Metabolism
Authors: Mary V. Gamble, Megan N. Hall
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Camargo et al. (2011) published the most complete meta-analysis on asbestos and ovarian cancer, concluding that "Our study supports the IARC [International Agency for Research on Cancer] conclusion that exposure to asbestos is associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer."Imagine if it had not!The IARC Monograph Working Group met in 2009 (Straif et al. 2009), but the working group, which included four authors of the Carmargo et al. ( 2011) paper, apparently did not make use of a formal metaanalysis of all available studies to evaluate the evidence.Although the IARC Monographs staff have occasionally conducted meta-analyses prior to a monograph (e.g., Guha et al. 2009), formal meta-analyses are not prepared routinely for the evaluations.However, such meta-analyses can be considered when they are publicly available and, as stated in the "Preamble to the IARC Monographs," "ad-hoc calculations that combine data from different studies may be conducted by the Working Group during the course of a Monograph meeting" (IARC 2012).Although meta-analyses have been widely used in social sciences and medical research for decades, it is only recently that they have become more widely used in epidemiology (Greenland and O'Rourke 2008), and they were not widely used at the time that the IARC Monograph procedures were first developed.As Greenland and O'Rourke (2008) comment, Epidemiologic studies of specific topics have tended to be fewer [than is the case in social science or medicine], and the epidemiologic community appears to be more hospitable to tentative, limited inferences based on narrative reviews.Nonetheless, to neglect quantitative aspects of review would be akin to presenting a study and supplying only a narrative discussion of the raw data, with no attempt to group and compare subject outcomes.
Prevention of meningitis in head injury.
Authors: M J Kelly, J H Paton
Journal: BMJ (1985)

trimethoprim has remained the same (260" ) in the six months before the change and in the six months afterwards.Resistance to sulphon- amides has dropped from 40°' to 37°0.Between 1983 and 1984 the total amount of trimethoprim prescribed in the hospital in- creased by 3100.These findings are in accord with our previous data that there is no evidence that adding a sulphonamide to trimethoprim discourages resistance.We would like to invite Dr Maskell to per- form the following experiments: select cul- tures of either fully sensitive or sulphonamide resistant (trimethoprim sensitive) entero- bacteriaceae, expose them to trimethoprim of the sort of concentration-for example, 256 ,ug/ml-to which strains are highly resis- tant, and see if any resistant variants can be selected.She will find few such variants from either type of culture, and the few bacteria that may struggle through will be grossly defective and probably not pathogenic.Surely the time has come to withdraw co- trimoxazole for urinary and many other infections, such as typhoid.The major active component of co-trimoxazole is trimethoprim.It is effective and safe.It should be used alone unless reliable evidence is presented that sulphonamides have a contribution.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Spectral patterns observed from an in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Jill M. Abrigo, Jiayun Shen, Vincent W.-S. Wong, David K.-W. Yeung, Grace L.-H. Wong, Angel M.-L. Chim, Anthony W.-H. Chan, Paul C.-L. Choi, Francis K.-L. Chan, Henry L.-Y. Chan, Winnie C.-W. Chu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
ANTIBIOTICS AND LOW CERVICAL CESARIAN SECTION IN DYSTOCIA OR INTRAPARTUM SEPSIS
Authors: Alfred J. Kobak
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The low cervical cesarian section may be safely employed in the presence of sepsis. This statement is supported by 140 consecutive transperitoneal cesarian sections without a fatality in patients who were either potentially or actually infected. This has been accomplished by the addition of modern chemotherapy. <h3>TRANSPERITONEAL CESARIAN SECTION VERSUS EXTRAPERITONEAL CESARIAN SECTION</h3> Prior to the advent of modern antibacterial therapy a succession of cesarian section techniques was developed. Each supplanted the previous ones, and all made claims of superiority in minimizing postoperative sepsis. The cesarian hysterectomy, for purposes of preventing or controlling postoperative sepsis, has lost most of its adherents. A substantial number of physicians still prefer the extraperitoneal cesarian techniques when infection threatens or is actually present. Almost simultaneous with the current revival of the extraperitoneal operations came the availability of effective chemotherapy. Sulfonamides and penicillin and other more recent antibiotics were found to be highly efficient, when
THE CLINICAL STATUS OF A GROUP OF NEGRO SHARECROPPERS
Authors: J. W. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Dill and his associates<sup>1</sup>have submitted for publication physiologic studies of a group of Negro sharecroppers; this paper is written primarily as a clinical appendix to those reports. The persons studied were selected by Dr. I. I. Pogue, the resident physician retained by the Delta and Pine Land Company on its plantation located at Scott, Miss. Aside from restricting the group to male Negroeś within certain age limits (17 to 24) living on this plantation, the selection was made at random among the sharecropper families. A family and personal history was obtained from each subject and a routine clinical examination performed. All negative observations are omitted from this report, and the positive ones are compared with data obtained on a group of Harvard students by Dr. Clark Heath. The exacting criteria required to be met for admission into Dr. Heath's series render these persons well above the average from
Tipping point of too few carers for older people has been reached five years early, MPs hear
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Social care in the United Kingdom has reached a “tipping point” where there are too few carers available to support demand, senior charity figures have told MPs.

It was estimated in 2008 that it would take until 2017 for this moment to arrive as numbers of elderly people rose, the health select committee’s inquiry into social care heard.

But Emily Holzhausen, for Carers UK, suggested it had come about earlier because of cutbacks in social care since April 2011 and the effects on families of caring for disabled adults and children.

She told MPs, “Families who provide unpaid support are the backbone of care in the community to the tune of £119bn [€142bn; $182bn] a year. We’ve reached the tipping point where there’ll be an increasing gap between what families can provide …
Vasodilation of rat retinal microvessels induced by monobutyrin. Dysregulation in diabetes.
Authors: Y D Halvorsen, S E Bursell, W O Wilkison, A C Clermont, M Brittis, T J McGovern, B M Spiegelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

1-Butyryl-glycerol (monobutyrin) is a simple lipid product of adipocytes with angiogenic activity. Recent studies have shown that the biosynthesis of this compound is tightly linked to lipolysis, a process associated with changes in blood flow. We now present data indicating that monobutyrin is an effective vasodilator of rodent blood vessels using a fluorescent retinal angiogram assay. The vasodilatory activity of monobutyrin is potent (ED50 = 3.3 x 10(-7) M), dose dependent, and stereospecific. Because diabetes represents a catabolic, lipolytic state with numerous vascular complications, we examined the action and regulation of monobutyrin in insulin-deficient diabetic rats. Serum levels of monobutyrin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were greatly elevated compared to normal animals. At the same time, the retinal vessels of the diabetic animals develop a resistance to the vasodilatory activity of monobutyrin. These results demonstrate a role for monobutyrin in the control of vascular tone and suggest a possible involvement in the pathology of diabetes.
The Dilemmas of Mothers Who Are Physicians and of Physicians Who Are Mothers
Authors: Marilyn Heins
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> How I wish I could talk to Anonymous, who wrote the anguished "Equal, Not Really" in the Aug 16 issue of<i>JAMA</i>!<sup>1</sup>I feel her pain and can identify with it. Every mother who works outside the home spends some moments feeling torn between the cradle and the workplace and feeling guilty about the effects her outside work may have on her child. However, I must point out that there is no evidence that maternal employment has deleterious effects on children,<sup>2-5</sup>although there is a lot of folklore out there. There<i>is</i>also no evidence that stuttering is caused by maternal employment. How cruel of the teacher, speech pathologist, and assorted administrators to state folklore as though it were fact! Sadly, this happens every day and physicians are often guilty. Indeed, in a recent book devoted to the nature and treatment of stuttering, no mention
Mutations in<i>GJB6</i>causing phenotype resembling pachyonychia congenita
Authors: G.I. Hale, N.J. Wilson, F.J.D. Smith, G. Wylie, M.E. Schwartz, M. Zamiri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Mutations in GJB6 causing phenotype resembling pachyonychia congenita Get access G.I. Hale, G.I. Hale Department of Dermatology University Hospital Crosshouse Kilmarnock Road Kilmarnock KA2 0BE U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.J. Wilson, N.J. Wilson Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing University of Dundee Dundee U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.J.D. Smith, F.J.D. Smith Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing University of Dundee Dundee U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Wylie, G. Wylie Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology Glasgow U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.E. Schwartz, M.E. Schwartz Pachyonychia Congenita Project Salt Lake City UT U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Zamiri M. Zamiri Department of Dermatology University Hospital Crosshouse Kilmarnock Road Kilmarnock KA2 0BE U.KAlan Lyell Centre for Dermatology Glasgow U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 5, 1 May 2015, Pages 1447–1449, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13520 Published: 01 May 2015
GPs should do more to combat sexual infections
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

GPs must play a bigger role in the fight against sexually transmitted infections, and ministers should be prepared to pay them for it, experts said this week.

Jackie Cassell, an epidemiologist at Brighton and Sussex Medical School, told a meeting organised by the Science Media Centre, an independent body working to promote the voice of the scientific community in the national news media, that thousands of people with a sexually transmitted infection were visiting their GP each year only to be turned away without diagnosis or treatment—and in some cases without …
Oral Decontamination and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia-Reply
Authors: Jérôme Pugin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Poole et al correctly point out the fact that in our study as well as in other reports on selective decontamination of the aerodigestive tract (SDA), no reduction of hospital mortality was observed in the treatment patients compared with controls, despite significant reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia by SDA. This is effectively a crucial point, but may have other explanations than those proposed by Poole et al. First, when a difference is statistically not significant, like in-hospital mortality in our two groups, this can be due to the lack of efficacy of the SDA regimen or an insufficient number of subjects randomized into the two groups. Increased mortality due to the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia can be estimated at 10% to 15%. As stated in the discussion of our article, more than 700 patients would be necessary to be included in a randomized study to have a sufficient power
Diffuse xanthogranulomatous dermatitis and systemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A novel case that demonstrates bridging between non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Elizabeth K. Satter, Sarah B. Gendernalik, Kenneth J. Galeckas
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
Asthma deaths in New Zealand: Author's reply
Authors: J. Crane, N. Pearce, C. Burgess, R. Beasley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Suissa and colleagues raise three issues.Firstly, they suggest that the relative risk of 2-0 for fenoterol explains only a small proportion of the epidemic.Our study was based on prescribed drug treatment rather than that actually taken'; this non-differential information bias would tend to decrease the observed odds ratios towards 1.0.2Secondly, they suggest that the epidemic could have been due to overuse of all inhaled B agonists.A similar error was recently made by Staudinger and Haas.'In fact, sales of all B agonists in New Zealand increased considerably only after 1979, three years after the onset of the epidemic,4 in response to suggestions that B agonists should be used regularly rather than on demand.The large relative risks for all B agonists in the Saskatchewan study emerged only in the questionable multi- variate analysis,5 and probably tell us more about overuse of multivariate analysis than overuse of B agonists.
Research on growth factors in periodontology
Authors: Patricio C. Smith, Constanza Martínez, Mónica Cáceres, Jorge Martínez
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2014)

Abstract Growth factors play critical roles in periodontal repair through the regulation of cell behavior. Many of the cell responses regulated by these proteins include cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Periodontal regeneration involves an organized response of different cells, tissues and growth factors implicated in the coordination of these events. However, periodontal tissue reconstruction is an extremely difficult task. Multiple studies have been performed to understand the specific role of growth factors in periodontal wound healing. In the present review we analyze the evidence that supports the roles of growth factors in periodontal wound healing and regeneration.
The cadherin-catenin adhesion system in signaling and cancer
Authors: Maralice Conacci-Sorrell, Jacob Zhurinsky, Avri Ben-Ze’ev
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The adhesion of cells to their neighbors determines cellular and tissue morphogenesis and regulates major cellular processes including motility, growth, differentiation, and survival. Cell-cell adherens junctions (AJs), the most common (indeed, essentially ubiquitous) type of intercellular adhesions, are important for maintaining tissue architecture and cell polarity and can limit cell movement and proliferation. AJs assemble via homophilic interactions between the extracellular domains of calcium-dependent cadherin receptors on the surface of neighboring cells. The cytoplasmic domains of cadherins bind to the submembranal plaque proteins β-catenin or plakoglobin (γ-catenin), which are linked to the actin cytoskeleton via α-catenin (Figure ​(Figure1;1; refs. 1, 2). The transmembrane assembly of cadherin receptors with the cytoskeleton is necessary for the stabilization of cell-cell adhesions and normal cell physiology.



Figure 1

The dual role of β-catenin in cell adhesion and transcriptional activation. β-Catenin (β) and plakoglobin (Pg) bind to cadherin adhesion receptors, and via α-catenin (α) they associate with the actin cytoskeleton ...



Malignant transformation is often characterized by major changes in the organization of the cytoskeleton, decreased adhesion, and aberrant adhesion-mediated signaling. Disruption of normal cell-cell adhesion in transformed cells may contribute to tumor cells’ enhanced migration and proliferation, leading to invasion and metastasis. This disruption can be achieved by downregulating the expression of cadherin or catenin family members or by activation of signaling pathways that prevent the assembly of AJs. The importance of the major epithelial cell cadherin, E-cadherin (E-cad, the product of the CDH1 gene), in the maintenance of normal cell architecture and behavior is underscored by the observation that hereditary predisposition to gastric cancer results from germline mutations in CDH1. Loss of E-cad expression eliminates AJ formation and is associated with the transition from adenoma to carcinoma and acquisition of metastatic capacity (3). Re-establishment of AJs in cancer cells by restoration of cadherin expression (4) exerts tumor-suppressive effects, including decreased proliferation and motility. In this Perspective, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of the cadherin-catenin system in the regulation of cell proliferation, invasion, and intracellular signaling during cancer progression.
Diagnostic Specificity of Widal's Reaction for Typhoid Fever
Authors: David W. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A positive Widal's reaction developed in a 2-year-old girl following nontyphoid Salmonella gastroenteritis. Recent data from the Center for Disease Control suggest that false-positive Widal reactions following certain nontyphoid Salmonella infections may occur commonly. Antigens common to Salmonella groups A, B, and D account for this cross-reacting antibody.
Exercise Tests After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: IRA B. FISHMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1981Exercise Tests After Myocardial InfarctionIRA B. FISHMAN, M.D.IRA B. FISHMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-390_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The final conclusions drawn by Stang and Lewis (1) are disturbingly illogical. They will certainly be ignored by an overwhelming majority of internists and cardiologists who regularly do predischarge exercise testing on their patients with myocardial infarction.In the concluding paragraph, the authors have noted that early exercise testing should "remain a technique for tertiary care centers." However, earlier in the editorial they confirm the extraordinary safety of this technique and reinforce its value by stating that "not to do an exercise test before discharge is to ask the patient to do the treadmill test at home."...Reference1. STANG J and LEWIS R. Early exercise tests after myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:814-5. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar1. STANG J and LEWIS R. Early exercise tests after myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:814-5. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. STARLING M, CRAWFORD M, KENNEDY G, and O'ROURKE R. Treadmill exercise tests predischarge and six weeks post-myocardial infarction to detect abnormalities of prognostic value. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:721-7. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SCHWARTZ K, TURNER J, and SHEFFIELD L. Limited exercise testing soon after myocardial infarction: correlation with early coronary and left ventricular angiography. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:727-34. LinkGoogle Scholar4. PEDERSON A, GRANDE P, SAUNAMAKI K, and SCHADT O. Exercise testing after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1980;302:174. Letter. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. LINDSAY J. Exercise testing early after myocardial infarction. Chest. 1979;76:713. Letter. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: IRA B. FISHMAN, M.D.Affiliations: Southern Monterey County Medical Group King City, CA 93930 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byExercise Tests After Myocardial InfarctionASHOK K. AGARWAL, M.D. 1 September 1981Volume 95, Issue 3Page: 390-391KeywordsExerciseMyocardial infarctionPatientsSafety ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Psychotherapy of Neurotic Dependency
Authors: RICHARD B. LOWER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Neurotic dependency is a manifestation of the ego's mediation in intrapsychic conflict and must be understood primarily in terms of regression rather than fixation. The primary conflict involves sadistic impulses, particularly oedipal in origin. Countertransference reactions generally stem from the therapist's unresolved oedipal conflict and tend to reinforce dependency under the guise of "the will to cure." Against this resistance in particular the therapist must strive to maintain his therapeutic self-discipline.