Therapy-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in a Hydroxyurea-Treated Patient With Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: James G. Taylor, Deepika S. Darbari, Irina Maric, Zachariah McIver, Diane C. Arthur
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters15 November 2011Therapy-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in a Hydroxyurea-Treated Patient With Sickle Cell AnemiaJames G. Taylor, MD, Deepika S. Darbari, MD, Irina Maric, MD, Zachariah McIver, MD, and Diane C. Arthur, MDJames G. Taylor, MDFrom National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476., Deepika S. Darbari, MDFrom National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476., Irina Maric, MDFrom National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476., Zachariah McIver, MDFrom National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476., and Diane C. Arthur, MDFrom National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-10-201111150-00024 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a supplement.Background: Hydroxyurea is an antimetabolite that minimizes pain and prolongs survival in patients with sickle cell anemia (1). It is not widely prescribed because of concerns about late effects, including cancer (2), and its leukemogenic risk is extrapolated from its reported risk in myeloproliferative disorders (3). Few cases of leukemia in patients with sickle cell anemia have been described, and only half of them report cytogenetics (4). Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in patients with sickle cell anemia receiving hydroxyurea treatment is exceptionally rare, ...References1. Steinberg MH, McCarthy WF, Castro O, Ballas SK, Armstrong FD, Smith W, et al; Investigators of the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia and MSH Patients' Follow-Up. The risks and benefits of long-term use of hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia: A 17.5 year follow-up. Am J Hematol. 2010;85:403-8. [PMID: 20513116] MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Lanzkron S, Strouse JJ, Wilson R, Beach MC, Haywood C, Park H, et al. Systematic review: Hydroxyurea for the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:939-55. [PMID: 18458272] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Kiladjian JJ, Rain JD, Bernard JF, Briere J, Chomienne C, Fenaux P. Long-term incidence of hematological evolution in three French prospective studies of hydroxyurea and pipobroman in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2006;32:417-21. [PMID: 16810617] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Ferster A, Sariban E, Meuleman N; Belgian Registry of Sickle Cell Disease patients treated with Hydroxyurea. Malignancies in sickle cell disease patients treated with hydroxyurea [Letter]. Br J Haematol. 2003;123:368-9. [PMID: 14531924] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Vardiman JW, Thiele J, Arber DA, Brunning RD, Borowitz MJ, Porwit A, et al. The 2008 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia: rationale and important changes. Blood. 2009;114:937-51. [PMID: 19357394] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James G. Taylor, MD; Deepika S. Darbari, MD; Irina Maric, MD; Zachariah McIver, MD; Diane C. Arthur, MDAffiliations: From National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476.Disclosures:Patent pending: 12/423,750 (U.S. Application); Stock/stock options: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fidelity Select Biotech, General Electric, Monsanto, ATT, Chevron Corporation, Citigroup, Comcast, Entergy, Exxon Corporation, Fidelity Select Energy, Hewlett Packard, Intel, IBM, Juniper Networks, Marine Products Corp., Motorola, Proctor and Gamble, Rollins, RPC, Sysco, Tokeville Gold Fund, Traveller Companies. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSystematic Review: Hydroxyurea for the Treatment of Adults with Sickle Cell Disease Sophie Lanzkron , John J. Strouse , Renee Wilson , Mary Catherine Beach , Carlton Haywood , HaeSong Park , Catherine Witkop , Eric B. Bass , and Jodi B. 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