tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of platelet-activating factor in hypotension and platelet activation induced by infusion of thrombolytic agents in rabbits.
Authors: G Montrucchio, G Alloatti, F Mariano, E Lupia, P G Lucchina, E Musso, G Emanuelli, G Camussi
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Infusion of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase (SK, 666 units/kg per minute for 60 minutes) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA, 10 micrograms/kg per minute for 15 minutes) in rabbits induced a significant hypotension and decrease in platelet count that were completely prevented by treatment with platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonists SDZ 63-675 and WEB 2170. PAF synthesis by vascular tissue was suggested by its extraction from blood-free heart and aorta of rabbits treated in vivo with SK or t-PA but not of control rabbits. In contrast, PAF was not detected in peripheral blood. Ex vivo studies on platelet aggregation response to ADP and PAF performed on platelet-rich plasma obtained before and after SK and t-PA infusion demonstrated an early hyperaggregable phase, abrogated by PAF receptor antagonists and followed by reduced sensitivity of platelets to PAF. The ED50 values for the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets induced by PAF but not thrombin were significantly increased at 60 and 120 minutes after SK and t-PA infusion, suggesting a specific desensitization of platelets to PAF. In contrast to PAF receptor antagonists, aspirin did not significantly modify the hypotension and the platelet hyperaggregability induced by SK or t-PA or the platelet hypoaggregability induced by t-PA. Thrombocytopenia induced by t-PA, but not by SK, was partially prevented by aspirin. The effect of SK, t-PA, and plasmin on the aggregation of washed platelets from untreated rabbits and from humans was also studied. Whereas SK and t-PA were inactive, plasmin induced dose-dependent platelet aggregation that was inhibited by platelet pretreatment with PAF receptor antagonists. In conclusion, the effect of PAF receptor antagonists observed in the present experimental model suggests that the hypotension and activation of platelets induced by SK and t-PA infusion are mediated by PAF.
A Clinical, Pathological and Genetic Characterization of Methotrexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Authors: Noriyuki Yamakawa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Background  Methotrexate (MTX)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) is a lymphoid proliferation or lymphoma in a patient immunosuppressed with MTX. As MTX has recently gained acceptance as a first-line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the incidence of MTX-LPD is expected to increase. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MTX-LPD, although EBV can only be detected on histopathological examination in only about half cases of MTX-LPD. Recently, LPD with EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) has been reported as a distinct disease entity with a self-limiting and indolent clinical course (1). EBVMCU is found in various conditions of immunosuppression, including MTX-LPD or in age-related immunosenescence. Although MTX-LPD often shows spontaneous regression, it is not clear whether MTX-LPD with EBVMCU has a better prognosis.  Objectives  The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical, histological and genetic factors that predict outcomes in patients with MTX-LPD.  Methods  Patients with MTX-LPD diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively regarding their clinical course, site of biopsy, histological type, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immunostaining and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing.  Results  Twenty-one patients, including 20 with RA and one with polymyositis were analyzed. The mean dose of MTX was 6.1 mg/week and the mean duration of treatment was 71.1 months. Clinically, five patients were diagnosed with EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU). All had polymorphic histological findings and were more successfully treated solely by withdrawal of MTX than the other cases (75% versus 7.7%, P = 0.015). Genetically, the HLA-B15:11 haplotype was more frequent in patients with MTX-LPD than in healthy Japanese controls (P = 0.0043). EBV latency classification and HLA typing were not associated with the prognosis of MTX-LPD.  Conclusions  Our data demonstrate that EBVMCU, a specific clinical subgroup of MTX-LPD, had a better clinical outcome when MTX was withdrawn than other patients with MTX-LPD.  References  Dojcinov SD, Venkataraman G, Raffeld M, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES. EBV positive mucocutaneous ulcer--a study of 26 cases associated with various sources of immunosuppression. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010 Mar;34(3):405-17.  Acknowledgements  The authors thank Dr. Toda, of the Center for Anatomical Studies at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine for performing immunostaining studies and Dr. Inoko, of the Tokai University Department of Molecular Science, Division of Molecular Medical Science and Molecular Medicine for kindly providing the HLA data of Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
TO THE NEW JERSEY STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY.
Authors: D. Benjamin
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Report of the Delegation to the Convention for the Revision of the United States Pharmacopœia of 1890. The other delegates and alternates from the Society being unable to attend the Convention, I as Chairman, was compelled to be the sole representative of this Association at the Convention held in Washington from the 7th to the 10th of May last. About 200 delegates were present. I found this great State of New Jersey without due influence in this important convention; assuming that the United States Pharmacopœia belongs to the Convention, it appears to me that this Society should be very careful of its interest; I found that the Committee of Revision of 1880, had been the only Committee that had made any report of a financial balance in its possession, to the Convention; that it, the Committee, had given out the publishing and sate of the work to a firm of
Tracheal aspiration and fiber optic bronchoscopy
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Homozygous<i>IL36RN</i>mutation and<i>NSD1</i>duplication in a patient with severe pustular psoriasis and symptoms unrelated to deficiency of interleukin-36 receptor antagonist
Authors: R. Carapito, B. Isidor, N. Guerouaz, M. Untrau, M. Radosavljevic, E. Launay, E. Cassagnau, C. Frenard, H. Aubert, B. Romefort, C. Le Caignec, L. Ott, N. Paul, S. Barbarot, S. Bahram
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Human Genetics and Medical Practice.
Authors: David C. Fainer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964Human Genetics and Medical Practice.David C. Fainer, M.D., F.A.C.P.David C. Fainer, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-802_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA knowledge of genetics facilitates diagnosis and may aid in discovering previously unrecognized disorders within a family. Another application of genetics to medical practice involves genetic counseling of patients and their families. Genetic counseling is simpler when the heterozygous carriers can be identified. In a few disorders, the heterozygote can be clearly identified, as in the hemoglobinopathies. In some disorders, the heterozygote can be identified part of the time and in others not at all. If genetic counseling is undertaken, a special knowledge of genetics is needed, accurate diagnosis is imperative, personal study of the family is desirable, and review... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David C. Fainer, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 802-802KeywordsGenetic counselingGenetic diseasesHemoglobinopathiesHuman geneticsMedical genetics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Texas: A Self-Portrait
Authors: John Archer
Journal: JAMA (1984)

ABSTRACT As noted on the jacket, this book is dedicated to showing how Texans see themselves and how others see Texans. The book is elegantly produced, and its author, a native Texan, is obviously and properly fond of his subject. The text is in three sections. Interspersed throughout is a fascinating series of almost 500 illustrations. The photography is superb; even the historical illustrations were evidently selected for clarity, and their reproduction is excellent.The first section provides a capsule discussion of the geology, geography, paleontology, and archaeology of Texas, plus enough recorded history to bring the reader to modern times. Limited space prevents more than brief samplings of the presentation, but notable is that Texas had the world's first horse (Eohippus), a tiny creature that became extinct during the Ice Age. (The modern horse evolved independently of this early one.) Texas also had the world's largest flying reptile (pterosaur) plus
Montelukast reduces airway eosinophilic inflammation in asthma: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: E. Pizzichini, J.A. Leff, T.F. Reiss, L. Hendeles, L-P. Boulet, L.X. Wei, A.E. Efthimiadis, J. Zhang, F.E. Hargreave
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Leukotrienes are pro-inflammatory mediators which may contribute to tissue, sputum, and blood eosinophilia seen in allergic and inflammatory diseases, including asthma. Montelukast is a cysteinyl leukotriene1 (CysLT1) receptor antagonist which improves asthma control; the aim of this study was to investigate its effect on induced sputum eosinophils. Montelukast 10 mg (n=19) or placebo (n=21) were administered orally once in the evening for 4 weeks to 40 chronic adult asthmatic patients, aged 19-64 yrs, in a double-blind, randomized, parallel group study. Patients were included if, at prestudy, they had >5% sputum eosinophils, symptomatic asthma with a forced expiratory volume in one second > or =65% of the predicted value and were being treated only with "as needed" inhaled beta2-agonists. In addition to sputum eosinophils, blood eosinophils and clinical endpoints were also assessed. Four weeks of montelukast treatment decreased sputum eosinophils from 7.5% to 3.9% (3.6% decrease, 95% confidence interval (CI) -16.6-0.4). In contrast, placebo treatment was associated with an increase in sputum eosinophils from 14.5% to 17.9% (3.4% increase, 95% CI -3.5-9.8). The least squares mean difference between groups (-11.3%, 95% CI -21.1-(-1.4)) was significant (p=0.026). Compared with placebo, montelukast significantly reduced blood eosinophils (p=0.009), asthma symptoms (p=0.001) and beta2-agonist use (p<0.001) while significantly increasing morning peak expiratory flow (p=0.001). Montelukast was generally well tolerated in this study, with a safety profile similar to the placebo. These results demonstrate that montelukast decreases airway eosinophilic inflammation in addition to improving clinical parameters. Its efficacy in the treatment of chronic asthma may be due, in part, to the effect on airway inflammation.
Toronto Alexithymia Scale: Relationships with Measures of Patient Self-Disclosure and Private Self-Consciousness
Authors: Carmen G. Loiselle, Carolyn Dawson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

The construct validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was tested by correlations with the Patient Self-Disclosure instrument and the Private Self-Consciousness scale in a study of 333 students at a large midwestern university. The TAS was found to be internally consistent and to yield a replicable factor structure. Scores on the TAS correlated negatively with both overall ratings of the importance of such disclosure and scores on the PSC, and positively with perceived difficulty of patient self-disclosure. Results support construct validity of the TAS and suggest a more generally restrictive communicative style among alexithymic individuals than previously thought.
Hemorrhagic cystitis associated with BKV in patients with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Alberta Azzl, Simona Ciappi, Riccardo De Santis, Rosa Fanci, Franco Leoni, Stefania Ciolli, Pier Luigi Rossi-Ferrini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

To prevent heat illnesses, a high index of suspicion should be maintained during a heat wave or while using unacclimatized workers in heavy labor.Employers should measure wet bulb globe temperature index (which correlates with deep body temperature) and plan work schedules within permissible threshold limit values [ 3 ] .In this respect, the workers' compensation insurer can provide critical technical know-how to its insureds; this will reduce heat-related injuries and claim expense.We hypothesize that the observed thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were caused by thermolysis since they were noted on the first day of heat exhaustion and progressively improved.Circulating platelets and neutrophils have a relatively short life span of 10 days and 10 hours, respectively [4]; this may explain their prompt replenishment from bone marrow.Although thrombocytopenia (with disseminated intravascular coagulation) is often observed in heat stroke [1,5], this is the first report of this potentially serious complication in a mild heat illness.
Abstract 4608: Exploring anti-oncogenic properties of riluzole in breast cancer
Authors: Miriam A. Bukhsh, Cecilia L. Speyer, Ali A. Hachem, Mahdy Nassar, Ali A. Assi, David H. Gorski
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that lacks the three receptors that current therapy targets (estrogen (ER), progesterone, HER2). Because of this, it is a very aggressive type of breast cancer with a high mortality rate. In a previous study, we discovered the drug, riluzole, to be an mGluR1 inhibitor and to reduce cell proliferation and tumor growth in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), resulting in apoptosis. This was a significant finding because there are currently no major therapies available to successfully treat TNBC. It is now being thought that riluzole also has properties that may allow it to act as a therapy against ER-positive breast cancer (ER+). Methods: The goal of this study was to learn more about how riluzole functions by analyzing the anti-oncogenic properties of riluzole. To do this, we conducted a series of transformation assays including cell proliferation (MTT), invasion, soft agar, adhesion, and in vivo metastasis using 4T1-12B cells (a luciferase-expressing clone of the 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cell line). Results: The results of the assays completed thus far indicate that both TNBC and ER+ cells are sensitive to riluzole, with TNBC being more sensitive. Riluzole significantly inhibits invasion of TNBC cells but not ER+ cells. These findings are consistent with the previous study's results showing that riluzole targets mGluR1 pathways, since ER+ cells contain significantly smaller amounts of mGluR1 compared to TNBC cells. Additionally, riluzole inhibits both cell proliferation and anchorage independent growth of both cell types, suggesting both mGluR1 dependent and independent pathways are involved. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that riluzole can be developed as an anti-breast cancer therapy for both triple negative and ER-positive breast cancer patients. Further studies silencing mGluR1 in TNBC and overexpressing mGluR1 in ER+ cell lines will help to determine any significance of mGluR1 in mediating riluzole's mechanism of action. Citation Format: Miriam A. Bukhsh, Cecilia L. Speyer, Ali A. Hachem, Mahdy Nassar, Ali A. Assi, David H. Gorski. Exploring anti-oncogenic properties of riluzole in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4608. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4608
Stroma-Derived Interleukin-34 Controls the Development and Maintenance of Langerhans Cells and the Maintenance of Microglia
Authors: Melanie Greter, Iva Lelios, Pawel Pelczar, Guillaume Hoeffel, Jeremy Price, Marylene Leboeuf, Thomas M. Kündig, Karl Frei, Florent Ginhoux, Miriam Merad, Burkhard Becher
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Community Psychiatry in the Army
Authors: John A. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The Army has pioneered in preventive psychiatry since Thomas Salmon's work in World War I. Using the principles of proximity, immediacy, and expectancy, psychiatrists have effectively treated conditions arising in combat and garrison. Recently the Army has introduced a new principle—that of community—which holds that an individual's problems often reflect difficulties within the military unit. Two consultation programs were conducted by mental health workers with caretakers in the Army community: one in a basic training division in the United States, the other in Vietnam. Both programs attempted to identify military units experiencing internal difficulties, to understand group factors causing individual pathology, and to reduce the incidence of both individual and unit problems. The conclusions drawn can and should be applied to the practice of civilian psychiatry.
B-type natriuretic peptide levels are inversely related to body mass index in patients with heart failure
Authors: Brian J. Mundy, James McCord, Richard M. Nowak, Michael P. Hudson, Barabara Czerska, Gordon Jacobsen, Torbjorn Omland, Alan H. Wu, Phillippe Duc, Judd E. Hollander, Peter A. McCullough, Alan S. Maisel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Abstract 5353: Leptin regulates cell differentiation and protumorigenic responses in pancreatic stellate cells
Authors: Jun Gong, Raymond Gong, Richard T. Waldron, Aurelia Lugea, Stephen J. Pandol
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by marked desmoplasia orchestrated by pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs). Epidemiological studies indicate that obesity and chronic pancreatitis (from alcoholism) increase the risk of PDAC. We recently showed that a diet high in fats and calories increases blood leptin levels and accelerates the development of desmoplasia and early pancreatic neoplasia in the conditional KrasG12D mouse model of pancreatic carcinogenesis. We hypothesize that environmental risk factors such as obesity and alcohol abuse facilitate PDAC progression by regulating PaSC tumorigenic responses. Here we measured leptin and ethanol effects on cell differentiation into the myofibroblast phenotype, cell proliferation and fibrogenic responses in primary mouse PaSC and mouse and human PaSC lines. Inhibitors of mTOR signaling were used to delineate the role of mTOR on leptin-mediated PaSC responses. We found that leptin receptors are expressed in cultured-activated primary mouse PaSCs and in immortalized mouse and human PaSCs. In quiescent PaSCs isolated from the mouse pancreas, leptin alone or in combination with ethanol markedly accelerated PaSC activation and promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production (collagen and fibronectin) via ERK and Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathways, suggesting that these pathways interact to modulate the activated PaSC phenotype. In activated PaSCs, leptin induced activation of JAK/STAT and mTORC1 signaling pathways, and the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin blocked leptin-induced mTORC1 activation and markedly reduced fibronectin production and cell proliferation. Other factors known to regulate cell proliferation and inflammation in obesity and alcohol abuse, such as IGF-1, TNFα, and LPS also transiently activated Akt/mTORC1 signaling in PaSCs. Further, we found that pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) cells isolated from the KrasG12D mice interact with PaSCs to promote their proliferation and ECM production. Our data support a key role for leptin-induced Akt/mTOR signaling in regulating PaSC pro-tumorigenic responses and indicate that leptin and other inflammatory factors provide the mechanistic underpinnings of environmental risk factor promotion in PDAC. Citation Format: Jun Gong, Raymond Gong, Richard T. Waldron, Aurelia Lugea, Stephen J. Pandol. Leptin regulates cell differentiation and protumorigenic responses in pancreatic stellate cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5353. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5353
Impact of hypoxic hepatitis on mortality in the intensive care unit
Authors: Valentin Fuhrmann, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Harald Herkner, Gottfried Heinz, Mariam Nikfardjam, Anja Bojic, Peter Schellongowski, Bernhard Angermayr, Maximilian Schöniger-Hekele, Christian Madl, Peter Schenk
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)