tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transient False-Negative Tc-99m Sestamibi Parathyroid Scintigraphy Following Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Domenico Rubello, Pietro Maffei, Maria Rosa Pelizzo, Chiara Martini, Eugenio De Carlo, Andrea Piotto, Lucia Rampin, Brahm Shapiro, Nicola Sicolo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

The case of a female patient with a large multinodular goiter and severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is reported. She was treated with total thyroidectomy. At bilateral neck exploration, only 3 normal-sized parathyroid glands were found so that she had persistent PHPT after surgery. At scintigraphy obtained by washout technique 3 hours after surgery, no focal uptake of Tc-99m sestamibi was visualized. Neck ultrasound (US) and spiral CT were also negative. Four months later, repeat Tc-99m sestamibi scan was obtained: a single focus of intense uptake was visualized at the base of the neck. A new spiral CT revealed the presence of a 3 × 2-cm solid mass located between the esophagus and the vertebral column. Three days later, a parathyroid adenoma (PA) was successfully removed at surgery. It can be hypothesized that the negative Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy performed 3 hours after the first intervention might be the result of a transient reduced blood supply to the PA directly related to thyroid surgery. Conversely, the positive scintigraphy performed 4 months after intervention might be the result of activation of silent microcirculation vessels supplying blood to the PA.
Rap1 Signal Controls B Cell Receptor Repertoire and Generation of Self-Reactive B1a Cells
Authors: Daisuke Ishida, Li Su, Akitoshi Tamura, Yoshinori Katayama, Yohei Kawai, Shu-Fang Wang, Masafumi Taniwaki, Yoko Hamazaki, Masakazu Hattori, Nagahiro Minato
Journal: Immunity (2006)
Teenagers and newborn babies in England and Wales may get pertussis jab as cases continue to rise
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Teenagers may be vaccinated against pertussis after a rise of more than 1000 cases this summer in England and Wales.

The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation is considering the move after provisional figures from the Health Protection Agency showed that 1047 cases of the disease were reported in July, bringing the total number of cases so far this year to 3523. The July figure is nearly as high as the number of reported cases in the whole of last year, 1118.

The committee is considering introducing a booster dose …
Erratum to: Potentially harmful effects of inspiratory synchronization during pressure preset ventilation
Authors: J. C. M. Richard, A. Lyazidi, E. Akoumianaki, S. Mortaza, R. L. Cordioli, J. C. Lefebvre, N. Rey, L. Piquilloud, G. F. Sferrazza Papa, A. Mercat, L. Brochard
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
The Importance of Human Exposure Information: A Need for Exposure-Related Data Bases to Protect and Promote Public Health
Authors: Diane K. Wagener, Sherry G. Selevan, Ken Sexton
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1995)

As a subfield of public health, environmental health is concerned with evaluating and ameliorating the effects of people on the environment and the effects of the environment on people. Separating hazards from risks, and characterizing the magnitude, likelihood, and uncertainty of risks is at the heart of environmental health in the 1990s. To this end, a full range of data is needed, including data that characterize the distribution of hazards, the population potentially at risk, and the contact between people and pollution that creates the risk. Several government-sponsored data systems contain information on a range of exposure estimators. The challenge is to develop meaningful, properly validated models to identify public health needs and evaluate public health programs.
Incomplete Conventional Colonoscopy: Magnetic Resonance Colonography in the Evaluation of the Proximal Colon
Authors: D. Hartmann, B. Bassler, D. Schilling, B. Pfeiffer, R. Jakobs, A. Eickhoff, J. F. Riemann, G. Layer
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate dark-lumen magnetic resonance (MR) colonography prospectively in patients with incomplete conventional colonoscopy.Thirty-two patients with incomplete conventional colonoscopy underwent same-day dark-lumen MR colonography on the basis of a standard protocol. The depiction of colorectal diseases was assessed in the following colon segments: cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. The reasons for incomplete colonoscopy included high-grade stenosis in 26 patients (four with occlusive cancer, 12 with fibrotic stenosis based on recurrent sigmoid diverticulitis, eight with Crohn's-induced stenosis, and two with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug colonopathy), extreme patient intolerance in one patient, and technical challenges associated with an elongated colon in five patients. The results of MR colonography were compared with the findings of the initial conventional colonoscopy, the histopathological outcome, and follow-up colonoscopy when possible.All high-grade stenoses were confirmed on MR colonographic data sets. Of the 26 patients with high-grade stenosis, 19 underwent surgery with histopathological confirmation of the initial diagnosis. Follow-up colonoscopy was carried out in 14 patients with surgically treated high-grade stenosis. In six of these 14 patients, nine polyps identified at the initial MR colonography were confirmed and removed during a postoperative conventional colonoscopy. Two polyps (5 mm and 8 mm in diameter) identified on postoperative conventional colonoscopy had not been seen preoperatively at MR colonography. One polyp seen on MR colonography was not identified in the follow-up colonoscopy.Dark-lumen MR colonography is a feasible and useful method of evaluating the entire colon in patients with incomplete conventional colonoscopy.
Abstract LB-318: Reshaping the cancer proteome: therapeutic targeting of signaling and resistance in cancer by antisense manipulation of RNA processing.
Authors: Luca Cartegni, lee Spraggon
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathways represents a key aspect of tumorigenesis in a broad range of human cancers. Thus, targeting of pathogenic RTKs, mainly with small molecule inhibitors and antibodies, has become an attractive therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. However, resistance by multiple mechanisms, including mutational re-activation of RTK signaling, activation of alternative RTK pathways, EMT transition and others, inevitably occurs over time. We recently identified a number of novel secreted soluble decoy RTKs isoforms (sdRTKs) generated by a U1-snRNP-dependent alternative intronic polyadenylation mechanism. We therefore developed a novel antisense-based method to effectively activate the expression of these sdRTKs, both in vitro and in vivo. This leads to the generation of endogenous dominant negative variants of RTKs, which can specifically affect the signaling of pathogenic RTKs and therefore provides a novel cancer therapy approach. Employing specific antisense compounds designed to activate intronic polyA sites, we are able to induce natural truncated EGFR variants that encode its extracellular ligand-binding domain but lack the intracellular signaling domain. These compounds thus can inhibit EGFR signaling by a three fold-mechanism: 1) removal of FL receptor, 2) sequestration of ligands and 3) non-productive dimerization with residual receptors. They are therefore designed to affect signaling both of targeted cells and of bystanders. Here we will show that, using this approach, we can target EGFR signaling both in vitro and in tumors. Importantly, with this method we can bypass the emergence of resistance typically seen with targeted drug treatments. Further development of this methodology will therefore provide the basis for an exciting novel approach to targeting and inhibiting oncogenic EGFR signaling and other pathways in a variety of cancers. Citation Format: Luca Cartegni, lee Spraggon. Reshaping the cancer proteome: therapeutic targeting of signaling and resistance in cancer by antisense manipulation of RNA processing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-318. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-318
Risk of Transmitting HIV by Endoscopes
Authors: M. Classen, H. Dancygier, L. Gürtler, F. Deinhardt
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

See also: Medical Jurisprudence and Gastro-enterological EndoscopyEndoscopy 1988; 20(06): 338-338DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018214
How Medical Books Happen
Authors: James Ransom
Journal: JAMA (1964)

ALL BABIES happen in more or less the same way. In discussing the "birth" of a medical book the temptation is strong to liken its prenatal history to that of the human infant—beginning with conception and proceeding through the early embryonic stages to viability, maturity, and delivery, with much dwelling on the author's "labor pains." This temptation must be resisted, for there are several ways in which a medical book can be conceived and countless ways in which it can be produced. The appearance of any new medical book, however, testifies that certain problems have been solved in one way or another. The book has been written, edited, illustrated, printed, and distributed. Some of the people, problems, and processes involved in this amazing phenomenon of cooperative endeavor are interesting enough to be talked about briefly. <h3>What Is a Publisher?</h3> A publisher is a man who offers to take the written
THE PREVENTION AND MODIFICATION OF MEASLES BY MEASLES ANTIDIPLOCOCCUS GOAT SERUM
Authors: LOUIS J. HALPERN
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The use of the serum of immunized goats as a means of preventing measles is comparatively new. Hoyne and Gasul<sup>1</sup>recently reported a series of cases in which goat serum was used for this purpose, and they showed that 88 per cent of their patients were protected against measles, the remaining 12 per cent developing mild attacks of the disease. Other methods of immunization against measles have been used. Nicolle and Conseil<sup>2</sup>and Richardson and Connor<sup>3</sup>used convalescent human measles serum as early as 1918. Rietschel<sup>4</sup>used convalescent human measles serum as early as 1918. Herrman<sup>5</sup>attempted to obtain active immunization by swabbing the mucous membranes of the nostrils of contacts with diluted secretions from patients with measles. All these methods, however, have definite disadvantages. Convalescent human serum is not usually obtainable in sufficient quantity when most desired, as in epidemics. Haas and Blum<sup>6</sup>
Dissecting Aneurysm of the Aorta
Authors: Joseph Lindsay
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Acute aortic dissection is highly lethal. A comprehensive review in 1958 revealed that one patient in five with this disorder died within 24 hours, two in five within 72 hours, and three in five within a week.<sup>1</sup>Fortunately, the application of recently developed therapeutic techniques appears to improve the outlook. In this review, reference will be made to the pathologic and clinical features of this entity and particularly those features which form the basis for judgements regarding therapy. <h3>Pathologic Features</h3> Longitudinal cleavage of the aortic media is the primary lesion. The separation of the medial layers varies in extent but may involve the entire length of the vessel. This cleavage plane communicates with the lumen through an intimal tear in 90% of autopsied cases. Although termed "entrance tears," their contribution to the genesis of medial dissection is uncertain since they are not invariably present. External rupture into the pericardial
Farm animal feeders: another group affected by cereal flour asthma
Authors: R. Valdivieso, J. Pola, C. Zapata, J. Puyana, J. Cuesta, C. Martin, E. Losada
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Asthma induced by cereal flour is a long recognized entity. We present studies of three patients affected by asthma related to exposure to cereal flour contained in animal formula feeds. Skin prick test performed with the formula feed components showed positive reactions to cereal flours (wheat, rye and barley) and negative to the other substances in these formulas. Specific anti‐wheat, rye and barley flour IgE antibodies were found by RAST. Bronchial provocation tests (BPT) with wheat flour (patients 1 and 2) and barley flour (patient S) all showed immediate responses. These findings suggest that our patients' symptoms were caused by an IgE‐mediated hypersensitivity to cereal flours from animal formula feeds. We call attention to the importance of cereal flours in animal formula feeds as a cause of occupational asthma in farm animal feeders.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtype-specific regulation of hepatic and peripheral gene expression in the zucker diabetic fatty rat
Authors: Sharon L. Dana, Patricia A. Hoener, James M. Bilakovics, Diane L. Crombie, Kathleen M. Ogilvie, Raymond F. Kauffman, Ranjan Mukherjee, James R. Paterniti
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Abstract 3104: PAX3-FOXO1 increases fibroblast reprogramming efficiency and drives self-renewal in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Beat W. Schafer, Elisa Casanova, Sampoorna Satheesha, Melanie Müller, Paolo Cinelli, Paolo Cinelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. Most alveolar (ARMS) cases bear the chimeric transcription factor PAX3/7-FOXO1 and have a worse prognosis compared to the embryonal subtype (ERMS). Previous studies identified a CSC subpopulation in ERMS but no study looked at the translocation positive RMS so far. This knowledge would be important to guide future treatment strategies. Here, we show that no CSC subpopulation can be detected in ARMS by a range of common methods. Furthermore, in vivo limiting dilution experiments confirmed that even 100 ARMS cells are sufficient to generate tumors in NOD/SCID mice. Thus, we hypothesized that ARMS follows a clonal evolution model. In line with this hypothesis, the stem cell factors Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2 were homogeneously expressed in ARMS cell lines and genetic loss- or gain-of-function experiments did not change cellular physiology unlike silencing of PAX3-FOXO1 which caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Based on these observations we then investigated whether PAX3-FOXO1 itself can act as stem cell gene. For this we reprogrammed human fibroblast with the known factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc in presence or absence of PAX3-FOXO1. Interestingly, the presence of the fusion protein significantly increased the reprogramming efficiency leading to the generation of almost double the number of colonies of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) than the control cells. PAX3-FOXO1 iPSC expressed the core stem cell genes as well as the PAX3-FOXO1 target gene AP2beta. Strikingly, PAX3-FOXO1 iPSC showed reduced ability to differentiate in vitro into all three germ layers. Ongoing experiments aim at confirming these results also in vivo by generation of teratomas. In conclusion and in contrary to ERMS, fusion protein positive ARMS seem to follow the clonal evolution model in which each clone has tumorigenic potential. Moreover, PAX3-FOXO1 is the critical factor for ARMS self-renewal and a general inhibitor of differentiation. Citation Format: Beat W. Schafer, Elisa Casanova, Sampoorna Satheesha, Melanie Müller, Paolo Cinelli, Paolo Cinelli. PAX3-FOXO1 increases fibroblast reprogramming efficiency and drives self-renewal in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3104. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3104
Natural killer cells are a source of interferon gamma that drives differentiation of CD4+ T cell subsets and induces early resistance to Leishmania major in mice.
Authors: T M Scharton, P Scott
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Infection of mice with the protozoan Leishmania major provides an excellent model to define the factors involved in T helper (Th) subset development, since Th1 cells confer protection in resistant strains of mice, whereas Th2 cells are associated with the fatal outcome of susceptible mice. We previously found that interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) was required for Th1 cell development after infection of mice with L. major. In this report, we evaluate the contribution of natural killer (NK) cells to IFN-gamma levels early in L. major infection. NK cell activity was higher in resistant C3H/HeN mice than in susceptible BALB/c mice during the first week of infection, and removal of NK cells significantly decreased IFN-gamma levels and promoted interleukin 4 (IL-4) production in both the draining lymph nodes and spleen. IFN-gamma production by NK cells required the presence of CD4+ T cells or IL-2, but not CD8+ T cells. Enhanced disease, as measured by parasite numbers and lesion development, was observed in NK cell-depleted mice. Furthermore, a comparison of the NK cell response and the subsequent parasite burden in several inbred strains of mice demonstrated that NK cells mediate early resistance to L. major. Together, these data indicate that the stimulation of NK cells, through the production of IFN-gamma, plays an important role in initiating Th1 cell differentiation in leishmaniasis and in controlling early resistance to L. major.
Advertising of antibiotics.
Authors: T K Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1973)

fewer suffer from the former.The degree of coronary atheroma discovered in persons killed accidentally has been studied in many parts of the world, and the condition has been found to be equally widely distributed in the United States and United Kingdom.Yet, in contrast, the mortality from ischaemic heart disease is markedly different in com- parable populations, the U.S.A.F.: R.A.F.ratio approximating to 10: 1.2 The opinion expressed by Kannel3 that it is the presence of an effective collateral circulation which determines the clinical picture offers a reasonable explanation of the anomaly.Carboxyhaemoglobin is easily determined and is therefore a convenient marker of the products of com-bustion.It is possible that, because of this, carbon monoxide is being artificially promoted as a cause of disease.Workers in Los Angeles4 have attempted to relate atmospheric CO levels to an increased fatality rate from myocardial infarction; in fact, any relationship must be attributed to atmospheric pollution as a whole.In the same way, postmortem studies designed to show atherogenic properties of cigarette smoke5 fail to take into account the life style of heavy smokers.The case for an association between smoking and ischaemic heart disease seems proved beyond doubt.But rather than to attribute an atherogenic property to cigarettes in general and carbon monoxide in particular (Dr.Wald and his colleagues do not claimn this to be necessarily so), it might be more valid, and in keeping with the "collateral" theory, to suggest that the carboxyhaemoglobin results reported by them were more significantly reflecting the levels of nicotine, which is known to have a marked pharmacological effect on the cardiovascular system.-I am, etc.,
From patients to partners: participant-centric initiatives in biomedical research
Authors: Jane Kaye, Liam Curren, Nick Anderson, Kelly Edwards, Stephanie M. Fullerton, Nadja Kanellopoulou, David Lund, Daniel G. MacArthur, Deborah Mascalzoni, James Shepherd, Patrick L. Taylor, Sharon F. Terry, Stefan F. Winter
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2012)
X-ray Investigation of Stridor in a Child
Authors: R. M. Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (1943)

Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid showed: No cellular in- crease; protein 50 mg.per 100 c.cm.; negative Wassermann reaction; Lange curve, 0123444421.A blood count gave Hb 84%; R.B.C. 4,300,000; C.I. 1; W.B.C. 7,200-polymorphs 52%, lymphocytes 35%, eosinophils 6%, large mononuclears 7%, basophils 0. The red blood cells were normal in size.The electrical reactions were as follows: Brisk faradic response in both sides of the face; galvanic response normal; slightly sluggish on right side of face.Mr. Jowett of the E.N.T. department reported that no abnormality was detected in the ears and that hearing was normal.The patient's condition improved gradually, and by Dec. 21 it had practically cleared up.The fact that his electrical reactions remained normal, the paralysis was not complete, and sensation in the tongue was normal bears out the usually accepted idea that recovery will occur rapidly.This was so in the present case.Re-examination, March 21, 1942.-During the past year he has felt well and has noted no abnormality with regard to his face.He has continued at work without a day's absence.The pupils are equal, the eye movements full, and the power in both eyelids normal.He can wrinkle his brows normally, and the lines of his face on both sides are well marked.LHe can whistle, and the sensation of his face and tongue is normal.
Phenotypic spectrum of epidermolysis bullosa associated with α6β4 integrin mutations
Authors: H. Schumann, D. Kiritsi, M. Pigors, I. Hausser, J. Kohlhase, J. Peters, H. Ott, L. Hyla-Klekot, E. Gacka, A.L. Sieron, M. Valari, L. Bruckner-Tuderman, C. Has
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Phenotypic spectrum of epidermolysis bullosa associated with α6β4 integrin mutations Get access H. Schumann, H. Schumann Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg GermanyCatholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Kiritsi, D. Kiritsi Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Pigors, M. Pigors Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Hausser, I. Hausser Department of Dermatology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kohlhase, J. Kohlhase Center for Human Genetics Freiburg Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Peters, J. Peters Klinikum Dritter Orden Paediatric Clinic Munich Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Ott, H. Ott Department of Paediatric Dermatology and Allergology Catholic Children's Hospital Wilhelmstift Hamburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Hyla‐Klekot, L. Hyla‐Klekot Pediatrics and Oncology Center Chorzów Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Gacka, E. Gacka Pediatrics and Oncology Center Chorzów Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.L. Sieron, A.L. Sieron Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology Medical University of Silesia Katowice Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more M. Valari, M. Valari Department of Dermatology Agia Sofia Children's Hospital Athens Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Bruckner‐Tuderman, L. Bruckner‐Tuderman Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg Germany Correspondence Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman. E‐mail: leena.bruckner-tuderman@uniklinik-freiburg.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Has C. Has Department of Dermatology University Medical Center Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 169, Issue 1, 1 July 2013, Pages 115–124, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12317 Published: 01 July 2013