tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PRIORITIZING CONCUSSION PREVENTION IN YOUTH ICE HOCKEY: AN ASSESSMENT OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE CANADIAN NEWSPAPERS AS A VEHICLE FOR EVIDENCE-BASED KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION
Authors: T Blake, M Rock, CA Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background The extent to which evidence-based injury prevention knowledge is conveyed to the public can have considerable impact on the implementation of injury prevention practice and policy change, which requires significant community engagement and mobilization. Media coverage has been shown to influence the amount of content regarding concussion on social media/networking sites, like Facebook© and Twitter©. Little is known about the extent to which news coverage of concussion reflects current evidence. Objective To examine the extent to which English-language Canadian newspaper coverage reflects evidence-based messages regarding the relationship between body checking policy and the burden of concussion in youth ice hockey players. Design Retrospective study using qualitative content analysis. Methods News releases were collected for primary peer-reviewed research articles conducted through Canadian universities that evaluated the relationship between body checking policy and concussion among pediatric ice hockey players. Coverage of concussion and body checking in youth ice hockey was identified from the five English-language newspapers with the highest reported circulation figures from 2005 to June 2011. The presence of messages extracted from the news releases within the newspaper coverage was examined. Results Five research articles and 33 newspaper items were included. One clinical message frame (i.e., concussions in youth ice hockey are a serious clinical problem) and one public health message frame (i.e., concussions in youth ice hockey are a cause for concern) were identified. Every newspaper item contained at least one of the evidence-based messages, and 31 out of 33 (94%) contained both messages. Conclusion Evidence-based messages regarding the clinical and public health significance of concussion and the impact of body checking in youth ice hockey were accurately reported in Canadian newspaper coverage. The use of newspapers as a vehicle for knowledge translation would be a valuable addition to prevention implementation strategies requiring community engagement and support.
A Rare Cause of Chest Pain and Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: P. Elliott Miller, Matthew J. Czarny, M. Roselle Abraham
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Aman in his late 50s presented with sudden-onset chest pain followedbyashockfromhis implantablecardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). His history included a cardiac arrest secondary to ventricular fibrillation resulting in ICD implantation 1yearprior, chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,hypertension,andactivetobaccoandalcoholabuse. Therewas no history of hyperlipidemia or family history of coronary arterydisease.His initial symptomwasparesthesia in the righthand, whichprogresseduphisarmandwasfollowedbychest tightnessand dyspnea.Notably,hehad6similarpresentations intheprecedingyear, butmyocardial infarction hadbeen ruled out by serial electrocardiograms (ECGs) and cardiac biomarker results on all occasions. On arrival to the hospital, his blood pressure was 109/77 mmHg, heart ratewas 66 beats/min, and blood oxygen saturation was97%while breathing roomair. Hewas admitted to thehospital and received3 additional shocks fromhis ICD in the emergencydepartment. EachshockwasprecededbychestpainandECGchanges that resolved after administration of sublingual nitroglycerin. One of theseECGs is shown inFigure 1,whichprompted immediatecoronary angiography. Questions: What is the etiology of his chest pain? Why did his ICD fire? Patient Course Coronary angiography showed no obstructive coronary artery disease, with only a 30% stenosis in his circumflex coronary artery. Initial views showed diffuse vasospasm of both the right and left coronary arteries, which resolved with administration of intracoronary nitroglycerin (Figure 2). Tests for serum creatine kinase and troponin T had negative results. His lipid panel results were notable for total cholesterol of 127 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of 67 mg/dL (to convert to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259). Interrogation of the ICD revealed 4 episodes of ventricular fibrillation with appropriate treatment (Figure 3), each preceded by chest pain. He received a diagnosis of coronary vasospasm leading to ventricular fibrillation and was treated with a statin, antiplatelet therapy, long-acting nitrate, and amlodipine besylate (dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers). He continued to have recurrent episodes of chest pain and ST-segment elevation while receiving amlodipine, so he was switched to verapamil hydrochloride (phenylalkylamine class of calcium channel blockers), after which he had no recurrence of chest pain or ST-segment elevation on ECG. He was exhorted to cease tobacco and alcohol use and discharged home.
Role of Sensitivity Analyses in Assessing Progression-Free Survival in Late-Stage Oncology Trials
Authors: Suman Bhattacharya, Gwen Fyfe, Robert J. Gray, Daniel J. Sargent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Sensitivity analysis is an important statistical technique that assesses whether the results of phase III trials are robust and likely to be generalizable. Until recently, sensitivity analyses were rarely included in phase III trials, and they remain poorly understood by many oncologists. Sensitivity analyses are critical to understanding the strength of conclusions made in the primary analysis of a late-stage clinical trial. They examine the influence of protocol design errors, unintended biases, deviations from assumptions underlying statistical models, and any unanticipated treatment delivery or practice patterns on trial results. In trials with complex or subjective end points, they also allow an understanding of the extent to which a positive outcome is driven by a single, possibly subjective, and therefore biased, element of an end point. The purposes of this article are to explain how sensitivity analyses are performed, to discuss areas of a clinical trial where sensitivity analyses should focus, and to illuminate the importance of this technique in the rigorous evaluation of late-stage clinical trial data, using specific examples. This article focuses on late-stage trials that use progression-free survival or time to progression as their primary end point, because sensitivity analyses are particularly important in these cases for which the end point is potentially subject to bias. Three sources of potential bias are explored: assessment time, symptomatic (ie, nonradiologic) disease progression, and missing data. For each source of potential bias, case studies are presented to highlight the role that sensitivity analyses play in determining whether the trial's conclusions are robust.
Loss of p130 Accelerates Tumor Development in a Mouse Model for Human Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Bethany E. Schaffer, Kwon-Sik Park, Gloria Yiu, Jamie F. Conklin, Chenwei Lin, Deborah L. Burkhart, Anthony N. Karnezis, E. Alejandro Sweet-Cordero, Julien Sage
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine subtype of lung cancer. Although SCLC patients often initially respond to therapy, tumors nearly always recur, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. A mouse model has been developed based on the fact that the RB and p53 tumor suppressor genes are mutated in more than 90% of human SCLCs. Emerging evidence in patients and mouse models suggests that p130, a gene related to RB, may act as a tumor suppressor in SCLC cells. To test this idea, we used conditional mutant mice to delete p130 in combination with Rb and p53 in adult lung epithelial cells. We found that loss of p130 resulted in increased proliferation and significant acceleration of SCLC development in this triple-knockout mouse model. The histopathologic features of the triple-mutant mouse tumors closely resembled that of human SCLC. Genome-wide expression profiling experiments further showed that Rb/p53/p130-mutant mouse tumors were similar to human SCLC. These findings indicate that p130 plays a key tumor suppressor role in SCLC. Rb/p53/p130-mutant mice provide a novel preclinical mouse model to identify novel therapeutic targets against SCLC.
A SAFE METHOD BY WHICH ANESTHETICS MAY BE ADMINISTERED WITH OXYGEN.
Authors: J. N. DeHART
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Since the discovery of the application of ether by Dr. Morton, of Boston, and its first use in the Massachusetts General Hospital by the late Dr. J. C. Warren as an anesthetic in 1846, there has been a great desire that some means should be devised by which all danger might be allayed, so that the patient could not be rendered cyanotic, especially when there was disease of the heart or kidneys that complicated the patient's condition. While ether has had the preference to chloroform in our country, yet in Europe the latter has been more universally used, and at the present day is also being adopted for anesthetic purposes in many private sanitariums, either alone or in the A. C. E. mixture. Among the advantages derived from the use of chloroform are that it requires a much smaller amount to produce anesthesia, the patient becomes unconscious more rapidly and
Nerve growth factor and asthma
Authors: S. Bonini, A. Lambiase, F. Properzi, M. Bresciani, G. Sacerdoti, S. Bonini, L. Aloe
Journal: Allergy (2002)

An increasing body of evidence shows that nerve growth factor (NGF) exerts biological activity not only on the central and peripheral nervous system, but also on the immune system thereby influencing allergic diseases and asthma. (1) NGF circulating levels are increased in patients with allergic diseases and asthma, and are related to the severity of the inflammatory process and disease. In vernal keratoconjunctivitis, NGF plasma levels correlate with the number of mast cells infiltrating the conjunctiva, and NGF mRNA is increased in nasal mucosal scrapings of patients with allergic rhinitis who have high levels of NGF in serum and nasal fluids; NGF is further increased in nasal fluids after specific allergen challenge. (2) NGF is produced and released by several modulatory and effector cells of allergic inflammation and asthma, for example T‐helper 2 lymphocytes, mast cells and eosinophils. (3) NGF receptors are expressed on the conjunctival epithelium of patients with allergic conjunctivitis and the number of NGF‐receptor positive cells is increased in the conjunctiva of these patients. Indeed, local administration of NGF induces fibroblast activation and healing processes of human corneal ulcers, which suggests that NGF plays a role in tissue remodelling processes occurring in asthma. (4) NGF increases airway hyperreactivity to histamine in an animal model of asthma, while anti‐NGF treatment reduces airway hyperreactivity induced by ovalbumin topical challenge in the sensitized mouse.
Unusual hyperpigmentation developing in congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma (ichthyosis variegata)
Authors: None Brusasco, None Cambiaghi, None Tadini, None Berti, None Caputo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

We present an unusual new clinical feature which developed in a patient with congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythroderma. This rare ichthyotic disorder is characterized by erythematous ichthyotic skin surrounding slowly enlarging areas of normal skin, and by a pathognomonic ultrastructural pattern, namely perinuclear deposits of a filamentous material in vacuolized keratinocytes. At the age of 18 years, a 23-year-old woman developed several irregular hyperpigmented macules on her limbs, which were almost black in colour. These lesions have not been observed in the other patients affected by the disease nor, to our knowledge, in other ichthyotic disorders. Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the lesions were strictly related to the ichthyotic skin and that their dark colour was especially due to melanosome accumulation in activated dendritic melanocytes. An unusual postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, in which the lack of pigment deposition in the keratinocytes is due to a transfer defect in pathological cells, is hypothesized. A characteristic hyperplastic stimulation of the epidermis is also taken into consideration to explain the lack of a similar picture in other erythrodermic ichthyotic disorders with a continuous inflammatory process.
Oral Vinorelbine and Cisplatin as Induction Chemotherapy and Concomitant Chemo-Radiotherapy in Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Final Results of an International Phase II Trial
Authors: Maciej Krzakowski, Mariano Provencio, Beata Utracka-Hutka, Eugenio Villa, Manuel Codes, Abraham Kuten, Michael Henke, Massimo Lopez, David Bell, Giampaolo Biti, Ofer Merimsky, Aulo Beorchia, Marcello Riggi, Noël-Raphaël Caux, Jean-Christophe Pouget, Bernard Dubray, Philippe David
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Brain Death-Reply
Authors: Frank J. Veith
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Several points can be made in response to Dr Spudis's letter.   We agree that criteria for pronouncing death on any basis are important and that they should be as stringent as possible. However, physicians are faced with the responsibility of establishing these criteria. They have accepted this responsibility and have set up criteria for pronouncing patients dead on the basis of the traditional heart-respiration determinants as well as on the basis of brain-related determinants.  These criteria have been established and are in use at present throughout the world. We do not advocate any change in these criteria nor do we demean the importance of their being accurate. We merely advocate that the brain-related criteria stop being considered potentially illegal. This is the purpose of having statutory definitions of death that update the law in keeping with current medical practice.  Dr Spudis comments on modifying the electrical
LETTER FROM BERLIN.
Authors: Maurice I. Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1891)

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have been carefully watching the experiments now being made with Prof. Koch's "Heilmittel gegen Tuberculose" which have drawn so many physicians to Berlin from all parts of the globe, not among the least of these from America. I will endeavor to give you an idea of the action of the lymph and also by a few cases which I have selected from a number as being typical, give you an idea as to what results have been arrived at up to the present time. As you know, according to Prof. Koch's paper in the<i>Deutsche Med. Wochenschrift</i>of the 13th of November a dose of 0.25 ccm. of the lymph will cause considerable febrile reaction and symptoms in a healthy person, and a dose of 0.01 ccm. will in some persons produce a slight reaction. In tubercular patients the reaction is as
Serum concentrations of erythropoietin measured by radioimmunoassay in hematologic disorders and chronic renal failure
Authors: Charles G. Zaroulis, Beth J. Hoffman, Lone A. Kourides
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract Bioassays for human erythropoietin are cumbersome, time‐consuming, and insensitive. The purification of human erythropoietin (EP) has provided small quantities of highly bioactive EP (∼70,000 U/mg) required for the development of an EP radioimmunoassay (RIA). The RIA for EP described in this investigation, can detect 5 mU/ml of EP in the assay tube; the serum concentration of EP in normal individuals ranged from &lt;18 to 81 mU/ml with a mean value of 29 mU/ml. In contrast, nine patients with severe aplastic anemia had markedly elevated serum EP concentrations with a mean value of 3,487 mU/ml, range 984–6,434 mU/ml. In this RIA, patients with Polycythemia vera had consistently undetectable EP concentrations, &lt;18 mU/ml. Eleven patients with chronic renal failure had a higher mean serum EP concentration (40.5 mU/ml) than normal individuals, but the range (&lt;18–115 mU/ml) overlapped that of normals. By immunologic and gel chromatographic criteria, EP measured in serum was similar to standard urinary EP. The EP immunoassay that we have developed has sufficient sensitivity and specificity not only to quantitate the elevated serum EP levels found in aplastic anemia but also to discriminate decreased from normal serum concentrations of EP in most circumstances. This simple, reliable RIA has provided the necessary framework upon which to increase our understanding of the importance of EP in hematopoiesis.
Medical Consultation: Role of the Internist on Surgical, Obstetric, and Psychiatric Services
Authors: Lawrence E. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1984)

A recent flurry of texts devoted to medical consultation attests to a newly acquired notion that medical education has lacked adequate teaching of consultative skills. Among the texts written to address this problem, Kammerer and Gross' is one of the most pleasurable and instructive. The first 15 pages of this multiauthored well-edited textbook provide a concise introduction to the process of providing consultative advice to noninternists. Following this, the authors initiate the "scientific" portion of their textbook with a chapter on the effects, toxicity, and risks of anesthesia. Next, the authors provide a nice review of techniques for assessing adequacy of nutritional status, as well as specific information on oral and parenteral nutritional supplementation. Chapters 6 and 7 are devoted to pulmonary issues—perioperative pulmonary evaluation/management and mechanical respiratory support. Both chapters are practical in orientation, providing useful information in an easy-to-read manner. A problem with these chapters is the occasional
Lipomas and Potassium Intake
Authors: John E. Wilson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1989Lipomas and Potassium IntakeJohn E. Wilson, MDJohn E. Wilson, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-9-750 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Our potassium intakes are believed to have fallen sharply since prehistoric times (1-3). I have often wondered whether our present level of intake might be responsible for some of our diseases. With that in mind, I began to take a daily supplement of 100 mmol of potassium chloride in 1981, to see what might happen to my five scattered subcutaneous lipomas. Four have disappeared since then, and the largest, originally a prominent 10 cm in diameter, shrank to about 3 cm in diameter and was removed in 1988 for histologic verification.I checked the Cumulative Index Medicus...References1. EatonKonner SM. Paleolithic nutrition. A consideration of its nature and current implications. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:283-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GrimLuftMiller CFJ. Racial differences in blood pressure in Evans County, Georgia: relationship to sodium and potassium intake and plasma renin activity. J Chronic Dis. 1980;33:87-94. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WatsonLangfordAbernathyBarnesWatson RHJTM. Urinary electrolytes, body weight, and blood pressure. Hypertension. 1980;2(suppl I):I93-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Monroe Community Hospital Rochester, NY 14603 Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1989Volume 110, Issue 9Page: 570-571KeywordsPotassiumPotassium chloride ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reconstitution of Connective Tissue Type Conjunctival Mast Cells in KitW-sh/W-sh Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Bone Marrow-Derived Cultured Mast Cells
Authors: K. Fukuda, M. Ohbayashi, K. Morohoshi, N. Fifadara, C. Kuo, S.J. Ono
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)

RATIONALE: To establish the reconstitution of mast cells in conjunctiva of mast cell deficient mice.METHODS: Bone marrow cells from C57BL/6-Kit 1/1 were cultured with recombinant IL-3 and stem cell factor for 4 to 6 weeks.These bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were then infused by subconjunctival injection or by intravenous injection via the tail vein into mast cell-deficient W-sash c-kit mutant Kit W-sh/W-sh mice.Ocular tissues in the recipient mice were fixed and embedded in paraffin and 5-mm sections were cut and stained with toluidine blue.Total numbers of mast cells per eyelid tissue section were counted.The phenotypes of these cells were characterized by the immunostaining with antibodies for c-kit, mouse mast cell proteinase (mMCP)-5, and mMCP6.RESULTS: Adult Kit W-sh/W-sh mice had a profound deficiency in mast cells in conjunctiva as well as other organs.No mast cells were detected in conjunctiva of these mice.Injecting 10 7 BMMCs into tail veins of these mice reconstituted mast cell populations in conjunctiva as well as lung, stomach, and spleen.Injection of BMMC into conjunctiva reconstituted mast cells locally and the number of reconstituted mast cells in conjunctiva were comparable to the levels observed in the littermate wild-type Kit 1/1 mice.These cells were positive for c-kit, mMCP-5 and mMCP-6 indicating that they are similar to mast cells in wild-type mice.CONCLUSIONS: Connective tissue type mast cells were successfully reconstituted in conjunctiva of Kit W-sh/W-sh mice.Kit W-sh/W-sh mice thus could represent a useful model for analyzing mast cell function for in vivo ocular allergy studies.
Medicine as a Science: Pharmacology
Authors: William T. Salter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

AT THE turn of this century the medical profession had entered into a period of therapeutic nihilism, at least so far as its leaders were concerned. The teachings of Weir Mitchell1 had laid emphasis upon the therapeutic efficacy of faith, rest, fresh air and pure water. The cardinal principle of therapeutics, primum non nocere (in free translation, "it is better to let the patient die than to kill him"), had been re-enforced in the dominant thinking of the day by a growing distrust of the old materia medica. Indeed, Oliver Wendell Holmes had stated, in his inimitable way, "If the . . .
Prevalence and molecular characterization of serotype K1 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains from various clinical specimen sources in 11 Asian countries
Authors: Doo Ryeon Chung, Mi Hyun Park, So Hyun Kim, Kwan Soo Ko, Cheol-In Kang, Kyong Ran Peck, Jae-Hoon Song
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
CORRELATION AND PROGNOSTIC UTILITY BETWEEN LEFT VENTRICULAR END-DIASTOLIC PRESSURE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION IN PATIENTS WITH STEMI UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI: THE HORIZONS-AMI TRIAL
Authors: David Planer, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giulio Guagliumi, Jan Z. Peruga, Bruce R. Brodie, Dariusz Dudek, Martin Möckel, Selene Leon-Reyes, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Fees for Life Insurance Examinations.
Authors: Jay Tuttle
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Astoria, Ore., Dec. 19, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the short article inThe Journal, December 16, page 1891, in relation to "Fees for Life Insurance Examinations," signed by J. Newton Hunsberger, permit me to say that the Clatsop County Medical Society, of Astoria, Clatsop County, Oregon, took action in this matter at its regular meeting, Oct. 5, 1905, in the adoption of the following resolution: "<i>Resolved</i>, That, after this date, the fee for medical examination of applicants for Life Insurance, to be charged by members of the Clatsop County Medical Society shall be uniform, and in no case less than five dollars." The companies affected by this resolution have been notified of the action and have replied in the tone stated by Dr. Hunsberger; but in this particular case they will, find themselves "reckoning without their host," for every resident physician of Clatsop County is a member of