tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cataract and surgery for cataract
Authors: David Allen, Abhay Vasavada
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A history of species co-occurrence in plant communities is hypothesized to lead to greater niche differentiation, more efficient resource partitioning, and more productive, resistant communities as a result of evolution in response to biotic interactions. We asked if individual species or community responses differed when communities were founded with species sharing a history of co-occurrence (sympatric) or with species originating from different locations (allopatric). Using shrub, grass, and forb species from six locations in the western Great Basin, USA, we compared establishment, productivity, reproduction, phenology, and resistance to invaders for experimental communities with either sympatric or allopatric associations. Each community type was planted with six taxa in outdoor mesocosms, measured over three growing seasons, and invaded with the annual grass <i>Bromus tectorum</i> in the final season. For most populations, the allopatric or sympatric status of neighbors was not important. However, in some cases it was beneficial for some species from some locations to be planted with allopatric neighbors, while others benefited from sympatric neighbors, and some of these responses had large effects. For instance, the <i>Elymus</i> population that benefited the most from allopatry grew 50% larger with allopatric neighbors than in single origin mesocosms. This response affected invasion resistance, as <i>B. tectorum</i> biomass was strongly affected by productivity and phenology of <i>Elymus</i> spp., as well as <i>Poa secunda</i>. Our results demonstrate that while community composition can in some cases affect plant performance in semi-arid plant communities, assembling sympatric communities is not sufficient to ensure high ecosystem services. Instead, we observed a potential interaction between sampling effects and evolutionary history that can create invasion resistant allopatric communities.
Abstract 2365: Comparison of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation tests in patients with recurred non-small cell lung cancer after surgery.
Authors: In-Jae Oh, Woo-Jin Kim, Hyunwook Kang, Kyu-Sik Kim, Young-Chul Kim, Sang-Yun Song, Yoo-Duk Choi, Jun-Eul Hwang, Sei Hoon Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are predictive marker of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared the agreements between three EGFR mutation tests with surgical specimens of recurred NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed paraffin-embedded tissues, which were obtained from 111 (76 adenocarcinoma, 17 squamous cell carcinoma, 18 others) cases of 108 patients treated by EGFR-TKIs after surgery between 2003 and 2011 in Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital. EGFR mutations in exons 18-21 were analyzed by three different methods- Cobas® EGFR mutation test (Roche), PNA Clamp™ EGFR mutation test (Panagene) and direct sequencing- and compared with radiologic response to EGFR-TKIs. The degree of agreement was evaluated by Cohen's kappa value. Results: The mean treatment duration of total 111 (64 gefitinib, 47 erlotinib) cases was 188.5±198.7 days. The response rate was 18.9%, and disease control rate was 63.1%. EGFR mutation rates were 38.7% in PNA clamping, 34.2% in Cobas test, and 31.5% in direct sequencing. The agreement of Cobas test and PNA clamping was 93.7% (k=0.864, p&amp;lt;0.001), that of Cobas test and sequencing was 84.7% (k=0.653, p&amp;lt;0.001), and that of PNA and sequencing was 78.4% (k=0.528, p&amp;lt;0.001). The prediction rates of EGFR-TKIs response were 39.5% of Cobas test, 37.2% of PNA clamping, and 34.3% of sequencing. The degree of agreement between mutation and clinical response was better in Cobas test (k=0.350, p&amp;lt;0.001) and PNA clamping (k=0.330, p&amp;lt;0.001) than sequencing (k=0.252, p=0.008). Conclusion: The strength of agreement of Cobas test was very good with PNA clamping and good with direct sequencing. So Cobas test can be useful test for EGFR-TKI therapy in recurred NSCLC after surgery. Citation Format: In-Jae Oh, Woo-Jin Kim, Hyunwook Kang, Kyu-Sik Kim, Young-Chul Kim, Sang-Yun Song, Yoo-Duk Choi, Jun-Eul Hwang, Sei Hoon Yang. Comparison of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation tests in patients with recurred non-small cell lung cancer after surgery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2365. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2365
REACTIONS TO LIGHT ON THE NORMAL AND PELLAGROUS BANTU SKIN
Authors: G. H. FINDLAY, L. REIN, D. MITCHELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article REACTIONS TO LIGHT ON THE NORMAL AND PELLAGROUS BANTU SKIN Get access G. H. FINDLAY, G. H. FINDLAY Section of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, and Human Sciences Laboratory, Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. REIN, L. REIN Section of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, and Human Sciences Laboratory, Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. MITCHELL D. MITCHELL Section of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, and Human Sciences Laboratory, Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 5, 1 May 1969, Pages 345–351, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb13995.x Published: 01 May 1969 Article history Accepted: 21 October 1968 Published: 01 May 1969
An exposure assessment study of ambient heat exposure in an elderly population in Baltimore, Maryland.
Authors: Rupa Basu, Jonathan M Samet
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Because of concern for heat-related mortality in vulnerable populations, particularly the elderly, practical epidemiologic methods are needed for the assessment of ambient heat exposure on individuals. We used a personal monitor to measure body temperature, ambient temperature, heart rate, and activity level of 42 elderly residents of Baltimore, Maryland, in the summer months of 2000. Each participant was monitored for approximately 48 hr to examine the association between ambient temperature and body temperature, using regression methods that account for highly correlated data within individuals. We also examined the associations of Baltimore temperature data with personal ambient temperature and body temperature. An average 0.15 degrees F [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.25] increase in median body temperature was found for each 1 degrees F increase in median ambient temperature. Heart rate and activity level were not found to be related to body temperature or ambient temperature, although heart rate was associated with activity level. Median heart rate increased an average of 0.17 (95% CI, 0.13-0.21) beats per minute for every unit increase in median activity level. Personal ambient temperature was slightly lower than Baltimore temperatures, whereas an association was not found between body temperature and Baltimore temperatures. The protocol established in this study for heat exposure assessment could feasibly be applied on a larger scale.
The Cause of Death
Authors: Anne Egbert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Ad Libitum15 September 1992The Cause of DeathAnne Egbert, MDAnne Egbert, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-6-532 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHe died,and I do not know(nor ever will)the cause of death.A frail heart,too soon grown tired?Just yesterday he smiled; a smile abruptly gone . . .His care was in my hands;And so I bear the consequences,the gnawing doubtforever unresolved:did I allowor (worse)bring onthis death?Or was it serendipity,mere chance occasion?Some would call it blessing,a quick, merciful endfor one whose time has come.Thus I console myself:the best death is swift and painless.Why then do I see myselfcarelessly cutting the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wichita, KS 67214 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDue Process in Police Disciplinary Hearings: The Need for a National Law Enforcement Officers Bill of Rights 15 September 1992Volume 117, Issue 6Page: 532-532KeywordsHeart ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 September 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Elderly Individuals With FTLD
Authors: Atik Baborie, Tim D. Griffiths, Evelyn Jaros, Parastoo Momeni, Ian G. McKeith, David J. Burn, G. Keir, Andrew J. Larner, David M. Mann, Robert Perry
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Delayed diagnosis for breast disease is mostly due to patients
Authors: C. Nosarti, A. David, T. Crayford, E. Elias, J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—We applaud the Department of Health's initiative to reduce the time taken for a woman with a suspicious breast lesion to have a consultation with an expert.1 We have been undertaking a project to determine the clinical, social, and psychological factors that influence delay. Delay due to the patient and delay due to the system must be distinguished. Patient delay may be defined as the time between the patient detecting a breast symptom and visiting a healthcare provider to seek evaluation of …
Ciliary disorientation alone as a cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome.
Authors: C F Rayner, A Rutman, A Dewar, M A Greenstone, P J Cole, R Wilson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Ciliary disorientation has been proposed as a variant of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD); cilia have normal ultrastructure and normal or near normal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) but lack efficacy because their beat direction is disorientated. We have identified 11 patients, including two siblings, with the clinical features of PCD, who satisfy these criteria. A chest radiograph, pulmonary function tests, nasal mucociliary clearance (NMCC), CBF, ciliary ultrastructure, and orientation were assessed in each subject. One patient had biopsies taken from the nose and both main bronchi. Eight patients had a computed tomography scan (CT) of the thorax; the clinical features were compatible with PCD. Cilia ultrastructure was normal and NMCC was absent in all cases. Mean CBF was normal (11.6-14.9 Hz) in five cases and slow in six (range 8.4-9.7 Hz). Ciliary beat pattern was stiff in seven cases, six of which had slow CBF. The cilia were disorientated when measured by both the central pair (range, 21.8 degrees - 26.4 degrees) and basal feet (range, 20.6 degrees - 28.9 degrees) compared with 16 normal controls (range, 11.0 degrees - 15.5 degrees and 12.3 degrees - 17.6 degrees, respectively). Two siblings had the clinical features of PCD and ciliary disorientation alone on repeated biopsies taken 10 yr apart. Orientation of cilia from the nose and bronchus was similar. Two cases had unchanged ciliary disorientation after 3 mo of treatment with antibiotics and topical corticosteroids. We concluded that ciliary disorientation alone can lead to the clinical syndrome of PCD.
Risks of aspirin outweigh benefits in people without cardiovascular disease, shows analysis
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Prophylactic aspirin reduces the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction in people without cardiovascular disease but does not reduce cardiovascular or cancer mortality, and any benefit is offset by the raised risk of bleeding events, shows a large meta-analysis looking at aspirin in primary prevention.

The authors argue that guidelines currently recommending use of aspirin in primary prevention should be reviewed in the light of their findings. They say that routine use of aspirin for primary prevention is not warranted and that treatment decisions need to be considered on a case by case basis ( Archives of Internal Medicine doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.628).

Previous meta-analyses have shown modest benefits of aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but it was unclear to what extent these were offset …
Abstract 1451: Inhibition of cell migration <i>via</i> reduced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase by TIS21/BTG2/PC3 in A549 cells
Authors: Seo Kyung Lim, Yong Won Choi, In Kyoung Lim, Tae Jun Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract It has been reported that TPA inducible sequence 21 (TIS21/BTG2/PC3) functions as a tumor suppressor in carcinogenesis of thymus, prostate, kidney, and liver. Although the expression of TIS21 is down-regulated in primary and metastatic cancers, the role of TIS21/BTG2/PC3 in cell migration and metastasis remains to be elucidated. In this study, we report a role of TIS21 in cancer cell migration. We observed that TIS21 inhibited cell migration and invasion in A549 lung cancer cells. Consistent with this observation, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) on Y576 and Y925 residues, but not Y397, was markedly inhibited by over-expression of TIS21, which residues are known to be phosphorylated by activated Src. It has been known that activity of Src can be regulated either by phosphorylation at Y416 or oxidation of the molecule. Phosphorylation of Src on Y416 was not regulated by overexpression of TIS21 in A549 cells, whereas TIS21 significantly inhibited Src activity by reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition to that TIS21 down-regulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in A549 cells. In summary, therefore, we can suggest that TIS21 down-regulates FAK activity via inhibiting Src activation and reduces expression of MMP-2, resulting in antimetastatic phenomenon in cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1451. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1451
PWE-137 Four Patients with Amanita Phalloides Poisoning
Authors: S Vanooteghem, S Decock, J Arts, C Verslype, P Van Hootegem
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Mushroom poisoning is a rare problem. We report four concomitant cases of amatoxin intoxication, the most deadly cause of mushroom poisoning. <h3>Methods</h3> Case Four women, living together in a convent, were admitted because of nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Symptoms started approximately 10 hours after eating wild mushrooms, self-picked in the forest. Laboratory data, 24 hours after ingestion, showed normal liver enzymes in 2 patients and normal INR and bilirubin in all 4 patients. Because of suspected amatoxin intoxication, a therapy with intravenous fluid, N-acetylcysteine and silibinin was started. 36 hours after intoxication, complaints of vomiting and diarrhoea improved in all 4 patients. Blood analysis however showed a dramatic increase of the liver enzymes in 3 of 4 patients (ALT-range 48 hours after ingestion: 558–1762 U/L), and an elevation of bilirubin and INR in all 4 patients. Two patients were transferred to a transplantcentre 48 hours after mushroom poisoning because they developed stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. With maximal supportive therapy, all patients gradually improved from day 3 on. They were discharged from the hospital between 6 to 10 days after admission. <h3>Results</h3> Discussion Our patients showed the typical clinical syndrome of an amatoxin intoxication. This syndrome can be divided into 3 phases. The gastrointestinal phase (starts 6–40 hours after consumption) is characterised by vomiting and diarrhoea and lasts 12–24 hours. In amatoxin intoxication, symptoms develop typically more than 6 hours after ingestion, while other toxic mushrooms cause symptoms earlier, after 0.5–3 hours. Blood analysis at this initial stage shows normal liver and kidney function. A careful history is very important, to avoid the risk that patients are discharged too early with a diagnosis of a common gastroenteritis. The second phase is characterised by an apparent recovery 36–48 hours after ingestion, while biochemistry shows a progressive increase of transaminases. In the third phase (2–6 days after ingestion), patients can develop hepatic failure, often complicated by renal failure. The therapy of amatoxin intoxication consists of supportive care and medical therapy with silibinin and N-acetylcysteine. Therapy with activated charcoal can be beneficial, if started early after the intoxication. We did not treat our patients with activated charcoal because of vomiting and presentation of the patients 24 hours after ingestion. Patients who develop liver failure should be transferred to a transplantcentre. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Amatoxin intoxication is a rare cause of liver failure. When suspected, careful monitoring of the liver function and treatment with silibinin and N-acetylcysteine are mandatory. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Analysis of Prion Strains by PrPSc Profiling in Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
Authors: Gaby Schoch, Harald Seeger, Julien Bogousslavsky, Markus Tolnay, Robert Charles Janzer, Adriano Aguzzi, Markus Glatzel
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Background Prion diseases are a group of invariably fatal neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and a wide range of mammals. An essential part of the infectious agent, termed the prion, is composed of an abnormal isoform (PrPSc) of a host-encoded normal cellular protein (PrPC). The conversion of PrPC to PrPSc is thought to play a crucial role in the development of prion diseases and leads to PrPSc deposition, mainly in the central nervous system. Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD), the most common form of human prion disease, presents with a marked clinical heterogeneity. This diversity is accompanied by a molecular signature which can be defined by histological, biochemical, and genetic means. The molecular classification of sCJD is an important tool to aid in the understanding of underlying disease mechanisms and the development of therapy protocols. Comparability of classifications is hampered by disparity of applied methods and inter-observer variability. Methods and Findings To overcome these difficulties, we developed a new quantification protocol for PrPSc by using internal standards on each Western blot, which allows for generation and direct comparison of individual PrPSc profiles. By studying PrPSc profiles and PrPSc type expression within nine defined central nervous system areas of 50 patients with sCJD, we were able to show distinct PrPSc distribution patterns in diverse subtypes of sCJD. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate the co-existence of more than one PrPSc type in individuals with sCJD in about 20% of all patients and in more than 50% of patients heterozygous for a polymorphism on codon 129 of the gene encoding the prion protein (PRNP). Conclusion PrPSc profiling represents a valuable tool for the molecular classification of human prion diseases and has important implications for their diagnosis by brain biopsy. Our results show that the co-existence of more than one PrPSc type might be influenced by genetic and brain region–specific determinants. These findings provide valuable insights into the generation of distinct PrPSc types.
Release of granule proteins from human eosinophils stimulated with mast‐cell mediators
Authors: S. Takafuji, K. Tadokoro, K. Ito, T. Nakagawa
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Background It has been suggested that mast cells and eosinophils are major effector cells in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. However, the interaction of these cells has not been thoroughly elucidated. We examined eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) release and cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ]) in human eosinophils induced by the major mast‐cell mediators including cytokines. Methods Eosinophils from healthy donors were stimulated with the major mast‐cell mediators for 20 min after preincubation with cytochalasin B for 10 min. ECP in supernatants was measured by radioimmunoassay. Moreover, t o examine changes of [Ca 2+ ]i in eosinophils, Fura‐2‐loaded eosinophils were monitored for fluorescence changes after stimulus addition. Results Of the tested mediators (prostaglandin [PG]D 2 , leukotriene (LT)B 4 , platelet‐activating factor (PAF), histamine, LTQ, and eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis [ECF‐A]), LTB 4 and PAF induced ECP release from eosinophils. Any cytokines produced by human mast cells, i.e., interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), did not induce ECP release in our system. ECP release triggered with LTB 4 and PAF occurred at concentrations of 10 −8 ‐10 −6 M concentration‐dependently. LTB4 and PAF also elicited a rise in [Ca 2+ ] i in eosinophils. Neither PGDj, histamine, nor LTC 4 induced ECP release, although they increased cytosolic calcium in eosinophils. Conclusions Of mast‐cell mediators, LTB 4 and PAF induced eosinophil degranulation. The contribution of LTB4 and PAF from mast cells to eosinophil degranulation may be important in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammatory diseases.