tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology: Perspectives and Standards for Interdisciplinary Practice
Authors: Elissa P. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ABSTRACT Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology follows an earlier, more extensive edited collection by Drs McGarry and Curran that was described as  first in the United States to bring together contributions from all aspects of legal medicine and forensic science. That volume included an important section on forensic psychiatry. A selected group of the authors from that volume updated their chapters, and the editors of this volume, Drs Curran, McGarry, and Shah, added additional contributions from leading authorities in forensic psychiatry, psychology, sociology, criminology, and law. The editors note that because they now have edited a volume by a diverse group of authors from different disciplines, the volume has no single mode or style of writing. They suggest that this diversity adds a richness to the volume that might not otherwise be there. I agree with their analysis.This is an important addition to the field of forensic psychiatry and psychology.
Novel coronavirus spreads to Tunisia
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The novel coronavirus that first appeared in the Middle East has spread to Tunisia, with two cases being reported in the north African country for the first time, the World Health Organization has confirmed.

The two new laboratory confirmed cases are in a 34 year old man and his 35 year old sister, who are thought to have caught the virus from their father, who became ill three days after returning from a visit to Qatar and Saudi Arabia and died on 10 May. The Tunisian health authorities are investigating the outbreak, and close contacts of the family are being monitored.

As at 22 May this brings …
Hospital Variation in the Use of Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging and Its Association With Downstream Testing, Interventions, and Outcomes
Authors: Kyan C. Safavi, Shu-Xia Li, Kumar Dharmarajan, Arjun K. Venkatesh, Kelly M. Strait, Haiqun Lin, Timothy J. Lowe, Reza Fazel, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

IMPORTANCE Current guidelines allow substantial discretion in use of noninvasive cardiac imaging for patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who are being evaluated for ischemia. Imaging use may affect downstream testing and outcomes. OBJECTIVE To characterize hospital variation in use of noninvasive cardiac imaging and the association of imaging use with downstream testing, interventions, and outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional study of hospitals using 2010 administrative data from Premier, Inc, including patients with suspected ischemia on initial evaluation who were seen in the emergency department, observation unit, or inpatient ward; received at least 1 cardiac biomarker test on day 0 or 1; and had a principal discharge diagnosis for a common cause of chest discomfort, a sign or symptom of cardiac ischemia, and/or a comorbidity associated with coronary disease. We excluded patients with AMI. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES At each hospital, the proportion of patients who received noninvasive imaging to identify cardiac ischemia and the subsequent rates of admission, coronary angiography, and revascularization procedures. RESULTS We identified 549,078 patients at 224 hospitals. The median (interquartile range) hospital noninvasive imaging rate was 19.8% (10.9%-27.7%); range, 0.2% to 55.7%. Median hospital imaging rates by quartile were Q1, 6.0%; Q2, 15.9%; Q3, 23.5%; Q4, 34.8%. Compared with Q1, Q4 hospitals had higher rates of admission (Q1, 32.1% vs Q4, 40.0%), downstream coronary angiogram (Q1, 1.2% vs Q4, 4.9%), and revascularization procedures (Q1, 0.5% vs Q4, 1.9%). Hospitals in Q4 had a lower yield of revascularization for noninvasive imaging (Q1, 7.6% vs Q4, 5.4%) and for angiograms (Q1, 41.2% vs Q4, 38.8%). P <.001 for all comparisons. Readmission rates to the same hospital for AMI within 2 months were not different by quartiles (P = .51). Approximately 23% of variation in imaging use was attributable to the behavior of individual hospitals. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Hospitals vary in their use of noninvasive cardiac imaging in patients with suspected ischemia who do not have AMI. Hospitals with higher imaging rates did not have substantially different rates of therapeutic interventions or lower readmission rates for AMI but were more likely to admit patients and perform angiography.
Prescribing at the hospital-general practice interface. II: Impact of hospital outpatient dispensing policies in England on general practitioners and hospital consultants.
Authors: B. Sibbald, P. Wilkie, J. Raftery, S. Anderson, P. Freeling
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the impact on general practitioners and hospital consultants of hospital outpatient dispensing policies in England. DESIGN--Postal questionnaire and telephone interview survey of general practitioners and hospital consultants in January 1991. SETTING--94 selected major acute hospitals in England. PARTICIPANTS--20 general practitioners in the vicinity of each of 94 selected hospitals and eight consultants from each, selected by chief pharmacists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Proportions of general practitioners unable to assume responsibility for specialist drugs and of consultants wishing to retain responsibility; association between dispensing restrictions and the frequency of general practitioners being asked to prescribe hospital initiated treatments. RESULTS--Completed questionnaires were obtained from 1207 (64%) of 1887 general practitioners and 457 (63%) of 729 consultants. 570 (46%) general practitioners felt unable to take responsibility for certain treatments, principally because of difficulty in detecting side effects (367, 30%), uncertainty about explaining treatment to patients (332, 28%), and difficulty monitoring dosage (294, 24%). Among consultants 328 (72%) wished to retain responsibility, principally because of specialist need for monitoring (93, 20%), urgent need to commence treatment (64, 14%), and specialist need to initiate or stabilise treatment (63, 14%). The more restricted the drug supply to outpatients, the more frequently consultants asked general practitioners to prescribe (p less than 0.01) and complete a short course of treatment initiated by the hospital (p less than 0.001). CONCLUSIONS--Restrictive hospital outpatient dispensing shifts clinical responsibility on to general practitioners. Hospital doctors should be able to retain responsibility for prescribing when the general practitioner is unfamiliar with the drug or there is a specialist need to initiate, stabilise, or monitor treatment.
Remarks on a Coccus Pathogenic to Man and Animals: Staphylococcus Haemorrhagicus
Authors: E. Klein
Journal: BMJ (1897)

of Malton, in Yorkshire, me some time ago that within a short time he had cases of a vesicular eruption on the hand of patients some days previously had been skinning sheep spontaneously dead from "gargle" a few days after lambing.further informed me that other medical men of his had seen similar cases of the vesicular eruption in other years."At my reqnest Dr. Colby sent me capillary tubes a little of the lymph withdrawn under precautions from the vesicle of the last patient, lymph was subjected to bacterioscopic investigation, result of which I here propose to describe.Before so I will give Dr. Colby's account of three cases of eruption in man in his own words.The patients all came in from farms on the wolds than seven miles away, and opportunity for observation limited.CASE I.-May x8th.M. R., farmer, complains hand, which first came ou as a pimple about two weeks gradually enlarged.Thinks he got it from a sheep tew after having lambs and that was attended to and by him.Feels well in limself.On the left.hand, fourth and fifth metacarpal bones and base of the proximal a largeflat bulla which has already ruptured, and is exuding which is becoming turbid.The skin of the bulla is opaque thick, and is separated -rom the tissues beneath by a network trabeculre containing the fluid.The surrounding cubital gland is enlarged and tender.There is The whole soon healed after treatment.CASE iu.-May 23rd.W. T., 56, shepherd, presents a wrist, and gives the history that it first came as pimple zoth, that on May x6th he pricked it and let out clear blood.blebs have come out round it.Feels quite well.left wrist is a flattened vesicle 23 mm.to 26 mm.slightly depressed cicatricial centre and lobuilated elevated skin is firm and thick, andsurrounding puffy.The axillary glands are enlarged, and the 990 He says that on Apriligth he skinned a sheep Healing was slow but complete.CASE III.-B.P., farmer, aged 26.Hasa swelling onwas very small when first noticed, but has since enlarged, lo mm. by 9 mm.Does not know how he got it, but that thirteen or twenty-one days ago he skinned a sheep having three lambs, two of which were born dead.food, wasted, and died in three days.He skinned days During the season he lost eight or nine in the same Henowpresents on the back of the second metacarpal bone a flat vesicle, bluishl-grey in colour, and with slightly depressed pain, and there is little surrounding redness, enlarged.The temperature is normal.Fluid was tubes, and forwarded to Dr. Klein; after which scraping, and a solution of corrosive sublimate June i6th.Some erythematous rash on the feet; looks well, and there is no apparent constitutional June x7th.Erythema still to he made out.June 28th.Wound heals slowly.
Points from Letters: Labelling Drugs
Authors: S. G. Hamilton
Journal: BMJ (1964)

feather-bedded " with tax allowances and incentives the struggles of the G.P.s to improve their existing surgeries or build new ones with discouragement at every turn is one of the iniquities of the present day.Now that we are no longer members of a "fee-raising " profession, if our masters call the tune they must pay the piper in full.
Nipping at cardiac remodeling
Authors: Russell S. Whelan, Kartik Mani, Richard N. Kitsis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Much of the mortality following myocardial infarction results from remodeling of the heart after the acute ischemic event. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis has been thought to play a key role in this remodeling process. In this issue of the JCI, Diwan and colleagues present evidence that Bnip3, a proapoptotic Bcl2 family protein, mediates cardiac enlargement, reshaping, and dysfunction in mice without influencing infarct size.
AN IMPROVED X-RAY FOR THE STUDY OF BONE INJURIES AND FOREIGN BODIES.
Authors: G. H. STOVER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

temporary palsy of the oculomotor nerves.Otherwise her convalescence was uninterrupted and she returned to her home in the South apparently very much improved in her mental condition and free from pain.She died seven months later, as I have learned from her sister, of some intercurrent affection.
Group Urges Going Metric to Head Off Dosing Mistakes
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Success and Failure in Psychotherapy: Hypotheses and Results from the Heidelberg Follow-Up Project
Authors: H. Kordy, M. von Rad, W. Senf
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

Within the Heidelberg Follow-Up Project all treatments of the clinic regardless of the type of psychodynamic technique used are investigated. The outlet is both prospective and retrospective. There are four points of investigation: (1) immediately after the first contact with the hospital (2) at the beginning; (3) at the end of therapy, and (4) after a 2-year follow-up period. Immediately after the first contact with the patient a test battery (Giessen Test, Holzman Inkblot Technique, Gottschalk-Gleser Method, symptom checklist) is administered. This is repeated after a waiting period at the beginning of therapy, where in addition the therapist formulates a psychodynamic hypothesis and defines 3-5 individual treatment goals in connection with the individual pathology of the patient. At the end of the therapy the tests are repeated and the therapist assesses the success or failure of the therapy with regard to symptoms, object relations and psychodynamic change, while the patient fills out a special questionnaire dealing with his personal view of the therapy, the therapist and his own treatment experiences. The first results of about 100 combined inpatient and outpatient psychotherapies are presented (third test-round at the end of treatment). The results are discussed on the basis of the involved tests and ratings with respect to success and failure in the view of patients, therapists and independent clinical experts. Since the study is still under way, reports of the follow-up data are not yet evaluated.
Cisplatin versus Cisplatin plus Doxorubicin for Standard-Risk Hepatoblastoma
Authors: Giorgio Perilongo, Rudolf Maibach, Elisabeth Shafford, Laurence Brugieres, Penelope Brock, Bruce Morland, Beatriz de Camargo, Jozsef Zsiros, Derek Roebuck, Arthur Zimmermann, Daniel Aronson, Margaret Childs, Eva Widing, Veronique Laithier, Jack Plaschkes, Jon Pritchard, Marcello Scopinaro, Gordon MacKinlay, Piotr Czauderna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Preoperative cisplatin alone may be as effective as cisplatin plus doxorubicin in standard-risk hepatoblastoma (a tumor involving three or fewer sectors of the liver that is associated with an alpha-fetoprotein level of >100 ng per milliliter).Children with standard-risk hepatoblastoma who were younger than 16 years of age were eligible for inclusion in the study. After they received one cycle of cisplatin (80 mg per square meter of body-surface area per 24 hours), we randomly assigned patients to receive cisplatin (every 14 days) or cisplatin plus doxorubicin administered in three preoperative cycles and two postoperative cycles. The primary outcome was the rate of complete resection, and the trial was powered to test the noninferiority of cisplatin alone (<10% difference in the rate of complete resection).Between June 1998 and December 2006, 126 patients were randomly assigned to receive cisplatin and 129 were randomly assigned to receive cisplatin plus doxorubicin. The rate of complete resection was 95% in the cisplatin-alone group and 93% in the cisplatin-doxorubicin group in the intention-to-treat analysis (difference, 1.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.1 to 7.0); these rates were 99% and 95%, respectively, in the per-protocol analysis. Three-year event-free survival and overall survival were, respectively, 83% (95% CI, 77 to 90) and 95% (95% CI, 91 to 99) in the cisplatin group, and 85% (95% CI, 79 to 92) and 93% (95% CI, 88 to 98) in the cisplatin-doxorubicin group (median follow-up, 46 months). Acute grade 3 or 4 adverse events were more frequent with combination therapy (74.4% vs. 20.6%).As compared with cisplatin plus doxorubicin, cisplatin monotherapy achieved similar rates of complete resection and survival among children with standard-risk hepatoblastoma. Doxorubicin can be safely omitted from the treatment of standard-risk hepatoblastoma. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003912.)
The Surgical Treatment of Ventricular Septal Defect in Infancy
Authors: ANDREW G. MORROW, NINA S. BRAUNWALD
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Thirteen infants with ventricular septal defect, pulmonary hypertension, and severe congestive heart failure were treated by pulmonary artery constriction. The 12 children who survived operation have been followed from 1 to 4 years and have evidenced striking improvement in growth, weight gain, and exercise tolerance. None has had pneumonia or heart failure after operation. Considerations in the selection of patients for pulmonary artery constriction, the surgical method employed, and its hemodynamic control are described.
Occlusive Disease of the Carotid Arteries
Authors: ALLEN SILVERSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Within the last 10 years there has been increasing recognition of the frequency of spontaneous occlusions of the carotid arteries as a cause for neurologic deficit, and several reports of successful therapy instituted early in the disease have appeared. Since many patients with symptoms due to carotid occlusion will be seen initially by the general practitioner or internist, increased awareness and knowledge of the condition seem warranted. The clinical and laboratory features of 50 patients with proved carotid occlusions are presented, the varying clinical pictures produced by such occlusions are described, and the potential means of therapy are discussed.
Antisense oligonucleotides to Cux-1, a Cut-related homeobox gene, cause increased apoptosis in mouse embryonic kidney cultures.
Authors: S E Quaggin, H Yeger, P Igarashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Cux-1 is a murine homeobox gene that is highly and transiently expressed in the developing kidney. To further evaluate the role of Cux-1 in mammalian kidney development, organotypic cultures of embryonic mouse kidney were incubated with phosphorothioate-coupled antisense Cux-1 oligonucleotides (ODNs) in the presence of cationic liposomes. Inhibition of Cux-1 expression by antisense ODNs was verified by reverse transcription-PCR. Metanephroi that were incubated with antisense Cux-1 ODNs were 23% smaller than metanephroi that were incubated with sense Cux-1 ODNs. Morphologic analysis of metanephroi that were treated with antisense Cux-1 ODNs revealed that ureteric buds and induced epithelial structures were present. However, extensive areas of cell death containing shrunken cells with pyknotic nuclei were also evident. The presence of increased apoptosis was verified by ultrastructural and terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling analyses. Two different antisense Cux-1 ODNs targeting either the translation start codon or the homeobox produced increased apoptosis. In contrast, metanephroi incubated with sense ODNs exhibited only occasional apoptotic cells. We conclude that the presence of antisense Cux-1 ODNs does not block nephron induction, but results instead in increased apoptosis. Proper regulation of Cux-1 expression may be necessary for normal kidney development.
Disentangling the sense of ownership from the sense of fairness
Authors: Luca Tummolini, Claudia Scorolli, Anna M. Borghi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Both evolutionary and developmental research indicate that humans are adapted to respecting property rights, independently (and possibly orthogonally) of considerations of fairness. We offer evidence from psychological experiments suggesting that enforcing one’s rights and respecting others’ possessions are basic cognitive mechanisms automatically activated and grounded in humans’ sensory-motor system. This may entail an independent motivation that is more profound than considerations of fairness and impartiality.
Expression profiling of human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: R GRZESKOWIAK, H WITT, M DRUNGOWSKI, R THERMANN, S HENNIG, A PERROT, K OSTERZIEL, D KLINGBIEL, S SCHEID, R SPANG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

To investigate the global changes accompanying human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) we performed a large-scale expression screen using myocardial biopsies from a group of DCM patients with moderate heart failure. By hierarchical clustering and functional annotation of the deregulated genes we examined extensive changes in the cellular and molecular processes associated to DCM.The expression profiles were obtained using a whole genome covering library (UniGene RZPD1) comprising 30336 cDNA clones and amplified RNA from myocardiac biopsies from 10 DCM patients in comparison to tissue samples from four non-failing, healthy donors.By setting stringent selection criteria 364 differentially expressed, sequence-verified non-redundant transcripts were identified with a false discovery rate of <0.001. Numerous genes and ESTs were identified representing previously recognised, as well as novel DCM-associated transcripts. Many of them were found to be upregulated and involved in cardiomyocyte energetics, muscle contraction or signalling. Two hundred and twenty-two deregulated transcripts were functionally annotated and hierarchically clustered providing an insight into the pathophysiology of DCM. Data was validated using the MLP-deficient mouse, in which several differentially expressed transcripts identified in the human DCM biopsies could be confirmed.We report the first genome-wide expression profile analysis using cardiac biopsies from DCM patients at various stages of the disease. Although there is a diversity of links between the cytoskeleton and the initiation of DCM, we speculate that genes implicated in intracellular signalling and in muscle contraction are associated with early stages of the disease. Altogether this study represents the most comprehensive and inclusive molecular portrait of human cardiomyopathy to date.