tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The MDM2 Promoter SNP285C/309G Haplotype Diminishes Sp1 Transcription Factor Binding and Reduces Risk for Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Caucasians
Authors: Stian Knappskog, Merete Bjørnslett, Line M. Myklebust, Petra E.A. Huijts, Maaike P. Vreeswijk, Hege Edvardsen, Yongli Guo, Xuemei Zhang, Ming Yang, Sanna K. Ylisaukko-oja, Pia Alhopuro, Johanna Arola, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Christi J. van Asperen, Caroline Seynaeve, Vidar Staalesen, Ranjan Chrisanthar, Erik Løkkevik, Helga B. Salvesen, D. Gareth Evans, William G. Newman, Dongxin Lin, Lauri A. Aaltonen, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Grethe S. Tell, Camilla Stoltenberg, Pål Romundstad, Kristian Hveem, Johan R. Lillehaug, Lars Vatten, Peter Devilee, Anne Dørum, Per E. Lønning
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Reprogramming induced pluripotent stem cells in the absence of c-Myc for differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells
Authors: Hsin-Yang Li, Yueh Chien, Yi-Jen Chen, Szu-Fu Chen, Yuh-Lih Chang, Chih-Hung Chiang, Shaw-Yeu Jeng, Chia-Ming Chang, Mong-Lien Wang, Liang-Kung Chen, Shuen-Iu Hung, Teh-Ia Huo, Shou-Dong Lee, Shih-Hwa Chiou
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Falls, chronic diseases, and drug use in elderly women: Lack of association may be explained
Authors: E. F Epstein
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—In a cross sectional study reported by Lawlor et al use of cardiovascular drugs was not independently associated with a fall.1 The authors have not, however, addressed certain issues concerning prescribing patterns of these drugs that may have influenced this result.

Appropriate prescription of cardiovascular drugs—for example, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors—may present with difficulties. ACE inhibitors improve prognosis of patients with heart failure,2 yet a doctor may decide to exercise caution in prescribing these drugs to patients with an increased risk of falls because of, for example, aortic stenosis or symptomatic postural hypotension. Other patients are inappropriately deprived of ACE inhibitors because of older age3 or unfounded concerns about adverse effects.4 A similar pattern may exist for other cardiovascular drugs—for example, calcium channel blockers or nitrates.

A significant proportion of patients in this study that were at risk of falls may not have been prescribed cardiovascular drugs, appropriately or inappropriately, by their medical practitioner. This may explain the lack of association between falls and cardiovascular drugs reported in this study.

The result of this study should not distract from the issue that patients at risk of falls should be prescribed cardiovascular drugs after careful consideration of other factors such as concomitant medical conditions and drug treatment. A comprehensive geriatric assessment in a falls clinic may be able to provide optimal treatment in these situations.
The Risk of Major Birth Defects after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Michèle Hansen, Jennifer J. Kurinczuk, Carol Bower, Sandra Webb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

It is not known whether infants conceived with use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization have a higher risk of birth defects than infants conceived naturally.
Transformative learning for health equity
Authors: N. Ban
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Call for submissions for the Prince Mahidol Award Conference, 27-31 January 2014 

The Prince Mahidol Award Conference (PMAC) to be held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 27-31 January 2014 will focus, as in previous years, on important matters related to global health policy. The conference will be co-hosted by PMAC, the World Health Organization, the World Bank, the US Agency for International Development, the Japan International Cooperation Agency, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the China Medical Board, with the support of other key related partners, including the BMJ. It will feature five days of presentations of original research and organised sessions especially aimed at exploring how healthcare education can be transformed to promote health equity.

Health inequity is ubiquitous both between countries1 …
Virtual Computed Tomography Gastroscopy: A New Technique
Authors: P. Springer, A. Dessl, S. M. Giacomuzzi, W. Buchberger, A. Stöger, M. Oberwalder, W. Jaschke
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

The aim of the present study was to establish a suitable method for virtual computed tomography (CT) gastroscopy.Three-millimeter helical CT scans of a pig stomach were obtained after air insufflation and instillation of diluted diatrizoic acid (Gastrografin), and with double contrast. In addition, three patients with gastric tumors were studied after ingestion of an effervescent agent (Duplotrast, 6 g) and intravenous injection of hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan, 1 ml). Virtual endoscopy images were computed on a Sun Sparc 20 workstation (128 megabytes of random access memory, four gigabytes of hard disk space), using dedicated software (Navigator, General Electric Medical System Company). The endoscopy sequences were compared with real endoscopic examinations and with anatomical specimens.In the cadaver studies, the best results were obtained with plain air insufflation, whereas virtual CT gastroscopy with diluted contrast and with double contrast showed artifacts simulating polyps, erosions, and flat ulcers. Patient studies showed good correlation with the fiberoptic endoscopy findings, although large amounts of retained gastric fluid substantially reduced the quality of the surface reconstruction.These preliminary results show that virtual CT gastroscopy is able to provide insights into the upper gastrointestinal tract similar to those of fiberoptic endoscopy. However, due to the limited spatial resolution of the CT protocol used, as well as inherent image artifacts associated with the Navigator program's reconstruction algorithm, the form of virtual CT gastroscopy studied was not capable of competing with the imaging quality provided by fiberoptic gastroscopy.
Loss of the Forkhead Transcription Factor FoxM1 Causes Centrosome Amplification and Mitotic Catastrophe
Authors: Diane R. Wonsey, Maximillian T. Follettie
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Expression of the forkhead transcription factor FoxM1 correlates with proliferative status in a variety of normal and transformed cell types. Elevated expression of FoxM1 has been noted in both hepatocellular carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. However, whether FoxM1 expression is essential for the viability of transformed cells is unknown. We report here that the expression of FoxM1 is significantly elevated in primary breast cancer. Microarray analysis shows that FoxM1 regulates genes that are essential for faithful chromosome segregation and mitosis, including Nek2, KIF20A, and CENP-A. Loss of FoxM1 expression generates mitotic spindle defects, delays cells in mitosis, and induces mitotic catastrophe. Time-lapse microscopy indicates that depletion of FoxM1 generates cells that enter mitosis but are unable to complete cell division, resulting in either mitotic catastrophe or endoreduplication. These findings indicate that FoxM1 depletion causes cell death due to mitotic catastrophe and that inhibiting FoxM1 represents a therapeutic strategy to target breast cancer.
Clinical Significance of Dysuria in Women
Authors: W. E. Waters, P. C. Elwood, A. W. Asscher, M. Abernethy
Journal: BMJ (1970)

During a community survey 22% of women were found to have had dysuria in the previous year and half had had dysuria at some time in their lives. Various measurements were made in a random sample of 282 of these women. The means and the variances of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in women with a past history of dysuria tended to be higher than in women who gave no such history. There were no significant differences in the means of plasma urea, plasma creatinine, and renal concentrating power between women with and without a previous history of dysuria, but a significant impairment of renal concentrating power was found in an additional group of 30 women who dated the onset of their dysuria to childhood.These findings suggest that urinary tract infection in adult women does not usually lead to progressive impairment of kidney function, whereas infection in childhood is more often associated with kidney damage.
A case of primary hepatic actinomycosis: an enigmatic inflammatory lesion of the liver
Authors: Yeon Jung Ha, Ji Hyun An, Ju Hyun Shim, Eun Sil Yu, Jong Jae Kim, Tae Yong Ha, Han Chu Lee
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

Primary hepatic actinomycosis is one of the chronic abscess-forming infections of the liver. Accurate diagnosis is frequently delayed due to its indolent course and nonspecific clinical and radiological manifestations. We report a case of a 57-year-old man presenting with asymptomatic multiple hepatic masses on follow-up abdominal computed tomography performed 1 year after stomach cancer surgery. Although a percutaneous liver biopsy procedure was conducted twice in order to obtain confirmative pathology, only a nonspecific organizing abscess with plasma cell infiltration was revealed, without identification of any organism in the tissue cultures. Ultimately, actinomycosis was diagnosed following the detection of sulfur granules on open surgical biopsied tissue. This case suggests that primary hepatic actinomycosis should be considered as one of the possible causes for enigmatic inflammatory lesions of the liver. Keywords: Actinomycosis; Multiple liver abscess; Differential diagnosis
Case 47-1984
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, R.S. Williams, E.T. Hedley-Whyte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Presentation of CaseA 65-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever and pain in the neck and shoulder.He was well until six days earlier, when he experienced the acute onset of intense pain in the occiput, right side of the neck, and right shoulder, accompanied by shaking chills. Urinary frequency and urgency developed, without dysuria. He took antipyretic medication and the chills soon disappeared, but pain continued and frontal headaches developed. One day before entry he came to this hospital, where examination showed that the temperature was 39.8°C. He appeared well. There was slight nuchal rigidity, . . .
Pharmacogenomics and Patient Care: One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Kathleen M. Giacomini, Sook Wah Yee, Mark J. Ratain, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Naoyuki Kamatani, Yusuke Nakamura
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

The time is ripe to assess whether pharmacogenomics research--the study of the genetic basis for variation in drug response--has provided important insights into a personalized approach to prescribing and dosing medications. Here, we describe the status of the field and approaches for addressing some of the open questions in pharmacogenomics research and use of genetic testing in guiding drug therapy.
Ursodeoxycholic acid diminishes Fas-ligand-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes
Authors: Francesco Azzaroli, Wajahat Mehal, Carol J. Soroka, Lin Wang, John Lee, Nicholas Crispe, James L. Boyer
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can protect hepatocytes from apoptosis induced by a variety of stimuli including anti-Fas antibody. However, in vivo the Fas receptor is activated by its natural ligand, Fas-L, whereas anti-Fas antibodies are not a physiologic stimulus. We therefore have assessed the anti-apoptotic effects of UDCA and other bile acids in a novel coculture model where apoptosis is induced in murine hepatocytes by membrane-bound Fas-L expressing fibroblasts. Primary hepatocytes were cultured overnight on collagen-coated coverslips with increasing concentrations of different bile acids and overlaid with either NIH 3T3 Fas-L + or Fas-L − expressing fibroblasts. After 6 hours cells were fixed and apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and DAPI staining using digital imaging. Fas-L protein expression and Fas trimerization were evaluated by Western blot analysis. FITC-UDCA and Mitotracker Red were used to evaluate UDCA localization with mitochondria. UDCA (up to 100 μmol/L, P &lt; .0001), TUDCA (up to 400 μmol/L, P &lt; .0001), and TCDCA (up to 200 μmol/L, P &lt; .0001), but not TCA (up to 500 μmol/L), significantly protected hepatocytes in Fas-L + cocultures. UDCA had no significant effect on hepatocytes in Fas-L − cocultures. TUDCA, 50 μmol/L ( P &lt; .001) and TCDCA up to 200 μmol/L ( P &lt; .0001) also reduced the hepatocytes apoptotic rate in Fas-L − cocultures. Bile acids did not affect Fas-L expression in fibroblasts or Fas trimerization. FITC-UDCA colocalized with the mitochondrial probe. In conclusion, UDCA, TUDCA, and TCDCA but not TCA are capable of protecting hepatocytes from Fas-L-induced apoptosis. This protective effect is not associated with reductions in Fas trimerization, but may be related to a direct effect on the mitochondrial membrane.
Review of cancer services shows poor coordination in NHS
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Cancer services in England and Wales have improved in response to recent guidelines, but lack of coordination means that some patients still receive poor care, reported a major review published this week.

The report was prepared by the Audit Commission, an independent governmental body, and the Commission for Health Improvement, which reports to the Department of Health. It is the first in a series of reviews of the implementation of national service frameworks in different specialties.

Researchers assessed the current state of cancer services and how far they have developed since the publication of the Calman-Hine report in 1995. This report recommended major organisational changes, based on the introduction of cancer centres …
Therapeutic Effect of ACTH in Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (Erythema Multiforme Exudativum)
Authors: Ray VanderMeer, Doyle E. Wilson, Jerry E. Bulthuis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE purpose of this paper is to report on the therapeutic effect of ACTH in a case of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (erythema multiforme exudativum). A few cases similarly treated have been reported. Bleier and Schwartz1 started a twenty-four-year-old male patient on cortisone because of persistent eye symptoms and continuous appearance of new lesions on the skin. An excellent response was noted within twenty-four hours.Wammock, Biederman and Jordan2 reported the use of ACTH in a twenty-three-year-old soldier and noted excellent response within 24 hours.Agostas et al.3 reported 2 cases. The first patient, a twenty-two-year-old woman, showed excellent response to ACTH . . .
General Internal Medicine Units in Academic Medical Centers: Their Emergence and Functions
Authors: ROBERT H. FRIEDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

By 1979, 77% of medical school primary teaching hospitals had functioning general internal medicine units; less than 5% had existed before 1970. These units were established to meet institutional needs for primary care internal medicine teachers and clinicians. By the end of the decade they had achieved major administrative and staffing responsiblity for a wide variety of general education and service activities. The scope of general internal medicine units goes beyond the narrow definition of primary care internal medicine, to include activities traditionally considered those of the entire department of medicine.
Medicine's Dilemmas: Infinite Needs Versus Finite Resources
Authors: Ronald Andersen
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Dr Kissick describes this book as a "personal statement on health policy." This means it is based largely on his personal experiences and observations with relatively less emphasis on formal documentation from the literature. I think Dr Kissick has earned the right to write this kind of book given his long and productive career as physician, scholar, and professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the schools of medicine and management. He was actively involved in drafting the 1960s Medicare legislation and has continued to play an active role in health policy and management. The author is concerned that the United States spends 14% of its gross national product on medical care and still has 40 million people without health insurance coverage. He provides his views as to how we got into this situation and some prescriptions to remedy the problem. He describes how the United States has been in
Meta-analysis of 2040 sickle cell anemia patients: BCL11A and HBS1L-MYB are the major modifiers of HbF in African Americans
Authors: Harold T. Bae, Clinton T. Baldwin, Paola Sebastiani, Marilyn J. Telen, Allison Ashley-Koch, Melanie Garrett, W. Craig Hooper, Christopher J. Bean, Michael R. DeBaun, Dan E. Arking, Pallav Bhatnagar, James F. Casella, Jeffrey Renn Keefer, Emily Barron-Casella, Victor Gordeuk, Gregory J. Kato, Caterina Minniti, James Taylor, Andrew Campbell, Lori Luchtman-Jones, Carolyn Hoppe, Mark T. Gladwin, Yingze Zhang, Martin H. Steinberg
Journal: Blood (2012)
The hills and valleys of an impact factor
Authors: H PIPER, E MARTINSON, T OPTHOF
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Every year, the Institute of Scientific Information® publishes its impact factor (IF) for thousands of scientific journals, and every year, editors, authors and reviewers alike wait with bated breath for the newest figures to be released. This bibliometric parameter has become the quintessential measure of a journal's status among its peers. In fact, scientific careers can even hang in the balance when an IF plummets below a certain threshold, as it has become common practice for applicants for academic positions to be rated according to the IF of the journals in which they have published.

When this editorial goes to press, the IF for 2004 will have been released. … 

*Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 641 994 7242; fax: +49 641 994 7209. Email address: CVR{at}physiology.med.uni-giessen.de
Authors defend methods used in their paper
Authors: B. Jacobson, M. Bygdeman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—In his editorial1 Appleby discusses our paper on obstetric care and the proneness of infants in traumatic births to suicide as adults.2 He gives the incorrect impression that we did not consider the potential confounding effect of year of birth and fetal hypoxia (asphyxia). We did so by including these variables in the multivariate …
A CASE OF ACUTE DERMATITIS CAUSED BY THE USE OF A HAIR-DYE HAVING FOR ITS BASE THE HYDROCHLORATE OF PARAPHENYLENE DIAMIN.
Authors: A. D. MEWBORN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

On Jan. 30, 1901, Mrs. A. G., aged 44, married, a native of Venezuela, was referred to me by Dr. W. H. Haskin, suffering with a severe attack of dermatitis of the face, and a pruriginous, papulo-vesicular eruption on her arms and thighs. The forehead was swollen, red and shiny, with a few small vesicles near the margin of her hair. The eyelids, especially the upper, were puffy, the conjunctivæ slightly congested, the ears red and swollen; along the upper margins were numerous small vesicles filled with straw-colored fluid, which in places had exuded and formed granular crusts resembling "brown sugar." The nose and cheeks were slightly swollen. There was no eruption on the neck or chest, but the flexor and extensor surfaces of the forearms, and the anterior and inner sides of the thighs presented numerous small, slightly elevated papules, mostly perifollicular, and a few vesicles. The arms and
Fetal to adult hemoglobin switch in cultures of early erythroid precursors from human fetuses and neonates
Authors: Yves Beuzard, William Vainchenker, Ugo Testa, Anne Dubart, Nicole Monplaisir, Janine Breton‐Gorius, Jean Rosa, Jacqueline Bouguet, Janine Cacheleux, Philippe Rouyer‐Fessard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract Erythroid burst colonies derived from the cord blood of nine neonates and from the blood and liver of three fetuses aborted after 20 weeks of gestation were grown in plasma clot culture. Their quantitative study revealed a higher proportion of burst‐forming units (BFU‐Es) in cord blood than in cord blood of normal adults. In addition, colony‐forming units (CFU‐Es) were present in cord blood but absent from adult blood. Study of haemoglobin synthesis in 14‐day cultures of cord blood BFU‐Es showed a significantly higher degree of Hb A synthesis than was found in reticulocytes from fresh cord blood; this proportion was, however, similar to that expected in vivo about three weeks after birth. These data suggest that the hemoglobin switch is already programmed in most of the early erythroid precursors present in cord blood of full‐term neonates and indicate that the differentiation time is probably of the same order of magnitude in vivo and in vitro. The proportion of Hb A and F synthesis in erythroid bursts was not influenced by the concentration of erythropoietin in the range studied – ie, from 0.5 to 12 international units. Low but identical proportions of Hb A synthesis were found both in erythroid cells from liver after two hours of incubation with [ 3 H]‐leucine, and in 14‐day liver bursts from fetuses aborted at 20 weeks of gestation.
Abstract 5492: Preclinical study of the PARP inhibitor ABT-888 in metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Jingsong Zhang, Natalie Mcgregor, Maha H. Hussain, Arul Chinnaiyan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Despite recent advances in androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, metastatic prostate cancers (mPCa) eventually become resistant to these treatments through further mutations. Cancer cells often diminish their DNA repair pathways to obtain high mutation rates. We aimed to develop a therapeutic approach that directly targets cells with high mutation rates and explored the therapeutic potential of PARP inhibitor, ABT-888 (kindly provided by Abbott) in mPCa preclinical models. Methods and Results: Meta-analysis of 5 published prostate cancer gene expression profiles with total of 53 metastatic samples and 183 primary samples were performed with oncomine 4.1. BRCA1 was among genes significantly over expressed in mPCa. Inhibiting BRCA1 expression with shRNA in Lncap (intact PTEN) and PC3 (loss of PTEN) cells, however, did not lead to synthetic lethality when ABT-888 (up to 10uM) were added in the in vitro cytotoxicity assays. When ABT-888 was combined with DNA damaging chemotherapy agents, synergies in cell killing were observed with 100nM of ABT-888 and 10nM SN38, an active metabolite of topoisomerase I inhibitor CPT-11. Such synergies were observed at higher dose levels with Temazolomide (1uM) and ABT-888 (1uM). The enhanced cell killing correlated well with inhibition of PAR and increased formation of DNA double strand breaks. No synergies with ABT888 were observed with topoisomerase II inhibitor (etoposide and mitoxantrone) or platinums in the WST-1 cytotoxicity assays. The CPT-11 and ABT888 combination was then tested in PC3 mouse xenografts with 4 treatment groups: vehicle control, ABT-888, CPT-11, and ABT-888 plus CPT-11. ABT-888 was given by oral gavages at 12.5mg/kg on days 1-5 of each 21 day cycle; whereas CPT-11 was given by intraperitoneal injection at 60mg/kg on days 1 and 5 of each 21 day cycle. Compared to vehicle control, ABT-888 by itself had no anti-tumor activities. The inhibition of tumor growth by CPT-11 was further enhanced when it was combined with ABT-888. More than 30% tumor volume shrinkage was observed in 4 of the 8 xenografts after 2 cycles of treatments with ABT-888 and CPT-11. These anti-tumor effects, however, were not sustainable beyond treatment cycles. Conclusion: ABT-888 enhanced the anti-tumor activities of CPT-11. The dose and schedule of this combination will be modified and its anti-tumor activities will be compared with docetaxel in future pre-clinical studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5492. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5492