tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The UGDP Mortality Results
Authors: Alan R. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Cornfield analyzing the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP) mortality findings (<b>217</b>:1676, 1971) raises several points concerning the role of the physician vis-a-vis the statistician in evaluating clinical research. A major part of the article was devoted to investigating the unlikely possibility of a breakdown in the randomization scheme and, of wider import, to analyzing whether "the luck of the draw" using randomization provided groups similar enough in baseline charateristics that the outcomes of the different treatment groups could be compared. "To see how bad the luck of the draw really was," Cornfield notes that none of the baseline characteristics were significantly different among treatment groups at the<i>P</i>=.05 level. However, this is a medical question and the problem of whether groups are similar enough for treatment results to be compared cannot be resolved using a statistical test of significance. If, for example,
Enterovirus hypothesis for motor neurone disease
Authors: N R Swanson, S A Fox, F L Mastaglia
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> Antimalarials (AM) are recommended for all systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without specific contraindications. Their main adverse effect is retinal damage; however, heart disease has been described in isolated cases. The aim of our study is to describe 8 patients with AM-induced cardiomyopathy (AMIC) in a defined SLE cohort. <h3>Methods.</h3> Patients attending the Toronto Lupus Clinic and diagnosed with definite (based on endomyocardial biopsy; EMB) and possible AMIC were included [based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and other investigations]. <h3>Results.</h3> Eight female patients (median age 62.5 yrs, disease duration 35 yrs, AM use duration 22 yrs) were diagnosed with AMIC in the past 2 years. Diagnosis was based on EMB in 3 (extensive cardiomyocyte vacuolation, intracytoplasmic myelinoid, and curvilinear bodies). In 4 patients, cMRI was highly suggestive of AMIC (ventricular hypertrophy and/or atrial enlargement and late gadolinium enhancement in a nonvascular pattern). Another patient was diagnosed with complete atrioventricular block, left ventricular and septal hypertrophy, along with concomitant ocular toxicity. All patients had abnormal cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), whereas 7/8 also had chronically elevated creatine phosphokinase. During followup, 1 patient died from refractory heart failure. In the remaining patients, hypertrophy regression and a steady decrease of heart biomarkers were observed after AM cessation. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> Once considered extremely rare, AMIC seems to be underrecognized, probably because of the false attribution of heart failure or hypertrophy to other causes. Certain biomarkers (cTnI, BNP) and imaging findings may lead to early diagnosis and enhance survival.
In Memoriam: Theodore Leon Munsat, MD (1930-2013)
Authors: Lester S. Adelman, David E. Thaler
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Theodore Leon Munsat, MD, died on November 22, 2013, after a long illness that included a series of small strokes. He was 83 years old. Ted grew up in Vermont and considered it home throughout his life. He was buried in the town of Rutland.
Factors influencing probability of reperfusion with intracoronary ostial infusion of thrombolytic agent in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M P Tendera, W B Campbell, S N Tennant, W A Ray
Journal: Circulation (1985)

A multivariate logistic regression equation was used to evaluate variables related to successful intracoronary thrombolytic therapy. One hundred seventeen patients with a totally occluded infarct-related artery were randomly given ostial infusions of urokinase or streptokinase in a blinded study. The opening rate was 57%. The agent used and time from onset of symptoms to beginning of treatment did not significantly influence opening rate (p greater than .25). The site of occlusion was a strong predictor of opening rate (p = .0004). The anterior descending coronary artery was successfully opened more frequently than the left circumflex or right coronary artery (p = .012). Presence of collaterals adversely affected the recanalization rate in all groups (p = .0004). These variables had an additive effect on the probability of opening. Patients with proximal anterior descending occlusion and no collaterals had a 90% recanalization rate, while those with distal occlusions in vessels other than the anterior descending and with collaterals had only a 24% chance for reperfusion. Thus location of occlusion and presence or absence of collaterals may strongly influence opening rates.
Maximal Tolerated Insulin Therapy in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: G D Roversi, M Gargiulo, U Nicolini, E Ferrazzi, E Pedretti, L Gruft, G Tronconi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Beginning in 1963 we have administered fast-acting insulin in three daily injections up to the maximal tolerated dose (M.T.D.), which can be defined as the highest quantity that can be given without bringing about hypoglycemic disturbances. This therapeutic criteria was applied both to gestational (280 pregnant women) and clinical (199 pregnant women) diabetes. M.T.D. was established on first admission to hospital and afterward controlled weekly in the outpatient clinic and during short periods of hospitalization (average of 53 days per patient). The average increase of the M.T.D. was 38 IU from 15 wk until delivery. As regards maternal blood sugar, at the M.T.D. average values at fasting and over the 24-h period were very close to the corresponding values of the control group (normal pregnancy). Total perinatal mortality (P.M.) was 2.9%; in the gestational diabetes group it was 2%. The incidence of congenital malformations (C.M.) (2.4%) increased with the severity of diabetes. No congenital defects were observed in 96 infants of patients treated before the 15th wk. Labor started spontaneously in 90.4% of the cases. The incidence of cesarean section was 21% in patients in White's Classes Al and A2 (as recently redefined by Freinkel and Metzger8) and 28% in other classes and that of forceps and vacuum extraction was 1% and 6%, respectively. The incidence of small-for-dates and overweight newborns from mothers with gestational and clinical diabetes without vascular complications is consistent with normal figures (macrosomia 3.4%). Small-for-dates newborns from pregnant diabetic women with vascular complications had a significant incidence. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was 0.6% and hypoglycemia was 13.4%. No case of death was due to these two causes. Clinical results are discussed.
Mercuric Bichloride Poisoning
Authors: Philip Troen, Seymour A. Kaufman, Kermit H. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

AS PART of a general review of cases of poisoning at the Boston City Hospital, 54 cases of mercuric bichloride poisoning from 1934 to 1946 were reviewed. In view of the recent introduction of specific therapy for mercury poisoning, it seems appropriate to present this series in order to reemphasize the natural history of the results of mercury ingestion, as an aid in the evaluation of newer forms of treatment. In addition, the cases with renal damage in this series are worthy of attention in view of the current interest in the treatment of acute renal insufficiency.Mercury poisoning may . . .
Infant Feeding and "The Digestive Impossibilities."
Authors: B. F. Metcalfe
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Greenville, Ohio, May 17, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I must unburden my mind of a recent incident in reference to proprietary medicines. The case is that of an infant (my own) which failed to thrive on breast feeding, at six weeks having gained one pound. The child had colic and passed frequent watery stools, greenish in color and containing curds. I corresponded with one of the most eminent men in the middle West as to what I would best do, not caring, under the circumstances, to take the entire responsibility myself. This man is a professor in a first-class college. Imagine my disgust and amazement when he recommended not only a prepared food, but also equal parts of Elixir Lactopeptine and Liquid Takadiastase with each feeding. As our Council has shown the former practically inert, and as I had recently read the report on the digestives, I gently placed his
Leukemic blasts in transformed JAK2-V617F–positive myeloproliferative disorders are frequently negative for the JAK2-V617F mutation.
Authors: Alexandre Theocharides, Marjorie Boissinot, François Girodon, Richard Garand, Soon-Siong Teo, Eric Lippert, Pascaline Talmant, Andre Tichelli, Sylvie Hermouet, Radek C. Skoda
Journal: Blood (2007)
Reconstructing cerebrovascular networks under local physiological constraints by integer programming
Authors: Markus Rempfler, Matthias Schneider, Giovanna D. Ielacqua, Xianghui Xiao, Stuart R. Stock, Jan Klohs, Gábor Székely, Bjoern Andres, Bjoern H. Menze
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2015)
Total Cure: The Antidote to the Health Care Crisis
Authors: Samuel Y. Sessions
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Out-of-hours services are mostly good but quality still varies, says regulator
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Most GP out-of-hours services in England deliver good or outstanding care but there is still room for improvement, inspections by the Care Quality Commission have found.

Findings from the First Comprehensive Inspections ,1 a report by Steve Field, chief inspector of general practice at the commission, concluded that progress had been made since a 2010 review highlighted concerns about how out-of-hours services were commissioned and quality checked. That review was commissioned by the government after the death of David Gray, who received an excessive dose of diamorphine from a locum GP working out of hours for the healthcare provider Take Care Now in 2008.2

For the latest report, inspections took place at 30 services run by 24 organisations that …
A Proposal for Financing Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

In recent years a number of attacks have been made on the cost of graduate medical education.1 2 3 The argument is that the house staff should not be paid from patient revenues, although how it is supposed to be paid is by no means clear. In my view, there is nothing wrong with the way we pay for the house staff now. We consider house staff training as "on-the-job training" and charge for it just as industry does.The concept of on-the-job training would be more defensible if it were not for the fact that the house staff collectively is too . . .
Recurrent Pancreatitis as a Late Complication of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy for Common Bile Duct Stones: Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: P. Rolny, A. Andrén-Sandberg, A. Falk
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Although long-term complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) have often been reported, the possible effects of the procedure on the pancreatic duct orifice remain virtually unknown. Three women patients are described who developed attacks of recurrent pancreatitis at 2, 7, and 27 months after ES for bile duct stones. The attacks were apparently caused by a partial stenosis of the pancreatic orifice, arising from post-procedure fibrosis and scarring. The patients were evaluated and treated endoscopically. All three patients benefited from endoscopic therapy; two became symptom-free and one improved. Symptoms recurred in the three patients, after 26, 41, and 23 months. In one patient, re-stenosis was documented and repeat sphincterotomy resulted in complete relief of symptoms during the ensuing 5 months. In the remaining two patients, the symptoms were mild and no further intervention was needed. Concerning complications, one patient suffered a moderately severe pancreatitis without sequelae. Recurrent pancreatitis may emerge as a late complication after ES for common bile duct stones. It is probably causally related to stenosis of the pancreatic orifice brought about by fibrosis and scarring, which may exceptionally develop after the procedure. Endoscopic therapy should probably be considered in the first instance, but the optimal treatment for this condition remains to be determined.
Lethal Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Infection in a Pregnant Woman in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Yuelong Shu, Hongjie Yu, Dexin Li
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: On November 2, 2005, fever, chills, and cough developed in a previously healthy woman who was four months pregnant. Chickens and ducks in her household had become ill and had died during October. From October 25 through October 30, the patient had been actively involved in slaughtering and defeathering sick poultry before they were cooked for family consumption. She presented to the hospital in Tongling City, China, on November 7 with dyspnea, cyanosis, a temperature of 38.8°C, a pulse of 118 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 37 breaths per minute, and an oxygen saturation of . . .
Improvement of quality of life in patients with severe heart failure submitted to myocardial transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells
Authors: Hans F. Dohmann, Emerson Perin, Suzana A. Silva, Christine M. Rutherford, Patricia Souza, Andre Luiz S. Sousa, Ana Cristina B. Reis, Valéria Zadra, Fernando O. Rangel, James T. Willerson, Hans J. Dohmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
G-protein-coupled inward rectifier potassium current contributes to ventricular repolarization
Authors: Bo Liang, Jakob D. Nissen, Morten Laursen, Xiaodong Wang, Lasse Skibsbye, Matthew C. Hearing, Martin N. Andersen, Hanne B. Rasmussen, Kevin Wickman, Morten Grunnet, Søren-Peter Olesen, Thomas Jespersen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the functional role of G-protein-coupled inward rectifier potassium (GIRK) channels in the cardiac ventricle.
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: Dale M. Isaeff
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Evaluation of the patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome with tachyarrhythmia is often difficult, since episodes of tachyarrhythmia most often subside spontaneously before medical observation is obtained. Twenty patients with WPW syndrome documented by standard electrocardiogram, who had histories suggesting tachyarrhythmia, were selected for study with the Holter ten-hour ECG monitoring system. This system allowed flexibility of activity during the monitoring period. Episodes of tachyarrhythmia were documented by these techniques in five of the 20 patients studied. Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia was documented in all five, and one patient had both atrial tachycardia and an unrecognized episode of atrial fibrillation. Two patients have been monitored while receiving propranolol hydrochloride therapy, confirming the clinical impression of improvement. Long-term monitoring has been found to be a valuable technique for the evaluation of the patient with WPW syndrome and possible tachyarrhythmias.
Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression
Authors: Sarah H Lisanby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

An 82-year-old woman with severe depression, including psychotic symptoms, is referred for consideration of electroconvulsive therapy. She has had four episodes of major depression consisting of crying spells, loss of interest in usual activities, insomnia, loss of appetite and weight, difficulty with concentration, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, and thoughts of suicide.
Parasite-induced TH1 cells and intestinal dysbiosis cooperate in IFN-γ-dependent elimination of Paneth cells
Authors: Megan Raetz, Sun-hee Hwang, Cara L Wilhelm, Donna Kirkland, Alicia Benson, Carolyn R Sturge, Julie Mirpuri, Shipra Vaishnava, Baidong Hou, Anthony L DeFranco, Christopher J Gilpin, Lora V Hooper, Felix Yarovinsky
Journal: Nature Immunology (2012)
FDA to Sponsor Workshop on HIV Detection During 'Window' Period in Donor Screening
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased humanitarian deaths may not mean higher risks of dying
Authors: B. Seet
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Sheik et al fill an important gap in the literature on humanitarian assistance, where firm statistics are often unavailable.1 Their findings support the general opinion that more deaths have been occurring among humanitarian relief workers and that intentional violence has become an important cause of death.2 As the authors point out, however, the absence of denominators representing the populations at risk makes it difficult to determine if the actual …
The Resident Leaves the Patient: Another Look at the Doctor-Patient Relationship
Authors: PETER R. LICHSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The clinics of primary care training programs face the annual problem of residents leaving their patients. The responses of the resident physician and the patient can be understood in terms of the grieving process. Feelings of anger, guilt, anxiety, and fear may complicate this phase of the resident-patient relationship and threaten continuity of care. Maladaptive behaviors may result if negative responses to separation go unacknowledged. An appreciation of the range of both patient and resident responses will aid in establishing rational guidelines for ending relations and transferring patient care.
lndium-111 Transferrin Imaging for the Diagnosis of Protein-Losing Enteropathy
Authors: TAMIO ABURANO, KUNIHIKO YOKOYAMA, SEIGO KINUYA, TERUHIKO TAKAYAMA, NORIHISA TONAMI, KINICHI HISADA, TOSHIO UENO, RYOYU TAKEDA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

For assessment of gastrointestinal protein loss, seven patients suspected of having protein-losing enteropathy were studied by gamma camera imaging using in-111 transferrin. Four patients with a value equal to or more than 20 ml/day on the alpha-antitrypsin clearance test or a high protein content on the gastric juice showed definite intestinal activity on an early image, demonstrating protein loss. The loss site could be determined by observing the movement of radiotracer within the bowel lumen on the subsequent images. The three patients with a value of less than 20 ml/day in the test showed no obvious intestinal activity throughout the study. Therefore, in-111 transferrin abdominal imaging appears to be useful for determining the loss site as well as for establishing the rapid diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy.
Novel Mechanism of Macrophage-Mediated Metastasis Revealed in a Zebrafish Model of Tumor Development
Authors: Jian Wang, Ziquan Cao, Xing-Mei Zhang, Masaki Nakamura, Meili Sun, Johan Hartman, Robert A. Harris, Yuping Sun, Yihai Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer metastasis can occur at early stages of tumor development due to facilitative alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Although imaging techniques have considerably improved our understanding of metastasis, early events remain challenging to study due to the small numbers of malignant cells involved that are often undetectable. Using a novel zebrafish model to investigate this process, we discovered that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) acted to facilitate metastasis by binding tumor cells and mediating their intravasation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that IL6 and TNFα promoted the ability of macrophages to mediate this step. M2 macrophages were particularly potent when induced by IL4, IL10, and TGFβ. In contrast, IFNγ-lipopolysaccharide–induced M1 macrophages lacked the capability to function in the same way in the model. Confirming these observations, we found that human TAM isolated from primary breast, lung, colorectal, and endometrial cancers exhibited a similar capability in invasion and metastasis. Taken together, our work shows how zebrafish can be used to study how host contributions can facilitate metastasis at its earliest stages, and they reveal a new macrophage-dependent mechanism of metastasis with possible prognostic implications. Cancer Res; 75(2); 306–15. ©2014 AACR.