tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Remarks on a Case of Return of Knee-Jerks after Hemiplegia in a Tabetic
Authors: J. H. Jackson, J. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1891)

three years ago, hemiplegia right was tabetic as well hemiplegic.was used in clinical demonstration both affection.He lhad lhad syphilis twenty years admission, but denied secordary symptoms.has three times, and has had four- children, whom five survive; only one of seven by his first alive.tabes, he began to suffe from lightning pains years his admission (February, 1888); he had subject occasional severe dyspeptic attacks, and had occasional double vision for two years.Soon after the lightning pains began he noticed that on shutting his eyes TQ-ad "swimming iln the head and a tendency to fall, and, latei, aifi21ulty walking.The tabetic symptoms discovered (1888) were great diminution in the size of the pupils, the being the smaller; they did not act to light, but during acconmmodation (Argyll-Robertson pupils); ab- knee-jerks (Jendrissik's test).He had had two attacks of hemiplegia.hemiplegia began rather suddenly, January 31st, 1888, P.M. eleveni days before admission; he fell down; he ,could not speak for five hours, but was not insensible; after lie could move his limbs, and next morning did some work.The second attack occurred on February 3rd, 1888, eight days before admission.As to the hiemiplegia on admission, there was the common facial and lingual paralysis; arm was paralysed, and was so completely, except, the reporter's words, for the muscles going from the shoulder-namely, the trapezius, rhomboid, ete." leg was partially paralysed; he could flex and extend his toes, had slight power of flexion at the knee; he could extend leg at the knee with considerable force.He was walk.There was "impaired tactile sensibility of face, arm, and leg," right side.There was no defect of speech.According to the report the arm may be said to have suf- fered more thaii the leg, but the arm improved much more rapidly, at his discharge from the London Hospital, May -5th, 1888, the upper limb bad advanced far more towards re- covery tlhani the leg.He had 10 grains of the sodium iodide times day.The dose was increased, so that by April 1st taking 30 grains thrice daily, and did so up to the hiis leaving the hospital.of importance is that by March 21st, forty-seven days after the onset of the second hemiplegia, return of the right knee-jerk was noted.The note about it is rather dif- ficult elicit, and is 'slower' than normal in following could not elicit the left knee-jerk.We are HughSmith, house-physician, for aid in the investigation this case, and for most of the notes miiade during the patient's stay in the London Hospital.Later on the patient was -an out-patient, under the care of Dr.
Influence of nitroglycerin on collateral blood flow during acute ischaemia in the dog
Authors: W. S WEINTRAUB, S. CLULEY, F. NACCARELLA, J. B AGARWAL, M. M BODENHEIMER, V. S BANKA, R. H HELFANT, S. AKIZUKI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Journal Article Influence of nitroglycerin on collateral blood flow during acute ischaemia in the dog Get access WILLIAM S WEINTRAUB, WILLIAM S WEINTRAUB * From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania *Address for correspondence: William S Weintraub, MD, Division of Cardiology, Presbyterian University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 51 North 39th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SCOTT CLULEY, SCOTT CLULEY From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar FRANCO NACCARELLA, FRANCO NACCARELLA From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAI B AGARWAL, JAI B AGARWAL From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MONTY M BODENHEIMER, MONTY M BODENHEIMER From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar VIDYA S BANKA, VIDYA S BANKA From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD H HELFANT, RICHARD H HELFANT From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SATOSHI AKIZUKI SATOSHI AKIZUKI From The Mid-Atlantic Heart and Vascular Institute, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and The School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 19, Issue 3, March 1985, Pages 169–176, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/19.3.169 Published: 01 March 1985
Expertise in symbol-referent mapping
Authors: Roland H. Grabner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Much evidence cited by Cohen Kadosh &amp; Walsh (CK&amp;W) in support of their notation-specific representation hypothesis is based on tasks requiring automatic number processing. Several of these findings can be alternatively explained by differential expertise in mapping numerical symbols onto semantic magnitude representations. The importance of considering symbol-referent mapping expertise in theories on numerical representations is highlighted.
Abstract 629: Oddities of DNA damage signaling in mitotic human cells revealed by super-resolution microscopy.
Authors: Martin Mistrik, Jiri Bartek
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Using an optimized cell-spreading technique combined with immunofluorescence (IF) and super-resolution microscopy we examined in greater detail DNA lesions induced within human mitotic chromosomes. We found some major differences in DNA damage signaling of mitosis-associated lesions induced by different genotoxic insults, such as inducers of DNA replication stress and ionizing radiation. While the former source of DNA damage represents a prominent inducer of genomic instability - a hallmark of cancer, the latter treatment is commonly used in cancer therapy. Differences in the DNA damage signal spreading and participation of various DNA damage-responsive proteins differentially recruited to sites of the DNA lesions are presented and discussed, including our innovative techniques developed for quantitative IF analysis of mitotic cells. Citation Format: Martin Mistrik, Jiri Bartek. Oddities of DNA damage signaling in mitotic human cells revealed by super-resolution microscopy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 629. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-629
The cellular basis of allograft rejection in vivo. I. The cellular requirements for first-set rejection of heart grafts.
Authors: B M Hall, S Dorsch, B Roser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

The nature of the cells required for first-set graft rejection in vivo was examined by using an adoptive transfer system to restore heart-graft rejection in irradiated rats. Highly purified inocula of peripheral T lymphocytes were shown to quantitatively account for the restorative ability of adoptively transferred cells. These T cells were shown to be long-lived small lymphocytes which are not recently derived from the thymus during adult life. They belong to the pool of T cells which constantly recirculate from blood to lymph as shown by their rapid appearance in the lymph of iradiated syngeneic rats after intravenous injection. Neither B lymphocytes nor antibodies in the circulation or in the graft itself are required for first-set graft rejection.
Observed and calculated interleukin-28B genotype frequencies in hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Magnus Lindh, Martin Lagging, Gunnar Norkrans, Kristoffer Hellstrand
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Genetic variation upstream of the interleukin-28B (IL-28B) gene is critical for the outcome of therapy for hepatitis C,1 and geographic variation in the frequencies of IL-28B–related single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes may explain racial differences in treatment outcomes, such as the poor response among African Americans, in whom the favorable CC genotype at the rs12979860 SNP is less prevalent.1 IL-28B SNPs also influence the rate of spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; this is reflected by the finding that the CCrs12979860 genotype is more common in subjects with resolved infection versus patients with chronic hepatitis.2 As a result, patients with chronic HCV infection show lower rates of the CC genotype than uninfected subjects.3 In agreement with these findings, Montes-Cano et al.4 recently reported that the CCrs12979860 genotype was more frequent in individuals who cleared an acute HCV infection. These authors also, as expected, found the CC genotype more rarely in patients with chronic HCV infection (39%) versus uninfected subjects (45%). However, in contrast to a recent report,5 these authors found a much higher rate of the CC genotype (67%) in patients carrying HCV genotype 2 or 3 in comparison with those with a genotype 1 infection. As illustrated in Fig. 1, a range of CCrs12979860 genotype frequencies may evolve in patients with chronic HCV infection; this depends on the frequencies in uninfected subjects and the rates of spontaneous resolution of infection. However, from this figure, it is obvious that a 67% CC genotype rate at rs12979860 should not develop in an uninfected population with a 45% CC genotype rate, as reported for HCV genotype 2/3 by Montes-Cano et al.,4 unless the clearance rate in patients carrying a non-CC genotype is higher than that in the CC genotype group. An alternative explanation might be that, for epidemiological reasons, HCV genotype 2/3 preferentially spreads in populations with higher frequencies of the CC genotype. We propose that these putative mechanisms should be explored, although, as suggested by Montes-Cano et al., a positive selection on the basis of unknown virological or biological phenomena might also explain the high frequency of the CC genotype in patients with genotype 2/3. Frequencies of the CC genotype in chronic HCV infection. The frequencies were calculated on the basis of CC frequencies in the general population in combination with a range of HCV clearance rates (an Excel template for the calculations is supplied in the supporting information). Magnus Lindh M.D.*, Martin Lagging M.D.*, Gunnar Norkrans M.D.*, Kristoffer Hellstrand M.D.*, * Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
NICE guideline aims to tackle depression in people with chronic physical health
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Clinicians should check for depression in people with chronic physical health problems and ensure that any drugs they prescribe have a low risk of side effects and interactions, says the clinical watchdog for England and Wales.

Clinical guidance published this week by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recognises the fact that depression can be three times more common in patients with long term physical health problems than in patients without and affects as many as one in five people.

Awareness of this, however, is sometimes lacking, …
Bedside diagnostic blood testing. Its accuracy, rapidity, and utility in blood conservation
Authors: M. Salem
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Bedside diagnostic testing utilizing microchemistry instruments potentially offers physicians the opportunity to evaluate urgent blood test results rapidly and reliably using only drops (250 μL) of whole blood. The use of microchemistry technology may also represent an essential component of a blood conservation program in acutely ill patients. We tested the hypothesis that a microchemistry instrument would have important advantages in the intensive care unit, including rapid turnaround time, decreased iatrogenic blood loss, and the provision of accurate analyte results. <h3>Design.</h3> —One-year prospective, random-sample comparative study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A tertiary, acute care, 1000-bed university teaching hospital and a 450-bed university-affiliated community hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Blood samples from 850 patients were analyzed. <h3>Results.</h3> —There were strong correlations (for pH,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.97; Pco<sub>2</sub>,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.97; Po<sub>2</sub>,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.99; sodium,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.83; potassium,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.94; chloride,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.90; glucose,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.98; and hematocrit,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.92) when paired samples were analyzed simultaneously in the laboratory comparing the microchemistry instrument and currently accepted clinical laboratory instruments. There were significant correlations (for pH,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.91; Pco<sub>2</sub>,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.94; Po<sub>2</sub>,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.97; sodium,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.91; potassium,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.86; chloride,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.91; ionized calcium,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.82; glucose,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.96; and hematocrit,<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.75) but increased variability occurred in some analyte results when samples were first analyzed in the intensive care unit (using the microchemistry instrument) and then transported to the laboratory in the routine fashion for "stat" determinations. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The multichannel microchemistry instrument provided accurate analyte determinations when compared with accepted clinical laboratory instruments. Significant savings of time and blood were also realized by the use of a microchemistry instrument in the intensive care unit. Bedside microchemistry may provide clinically important advantages in emergency departments, operating rooms, and neonatal, pediatric, coronary, adult medical and surgical, trauma, and burn intensive care units. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:382-389)
Ca <sup>2+</sup> Release From Intracellular Stores Is an Initial Step in Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction of Rat Pulmonary Artery Resistance Vessels
Authors: Craig H. Gelband, Henry Gelband
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background A reduction in oxygen tension in the lungs is believed to inhibit a voltage-dependent K + (Kv) current, which is thought to result in membrane depolarization leading to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). However, the direct mechanism by which hypoxia inhibits Kv current is not understood. Methods and Results Experiments were performed on rat pulmonary artery resistance vessels and single smooth muscle cells isolated from these vessels to examine the role of Ca 2+ release from intracellular stores in initiating HPV. In contractile experiments, hypoxic challenge of endothelium-denuded rat pulmonary artery resistance vessels caused either a sustained or transient contraction in Ca 2+ -containing or Ca 2+ -free solution, respectively (n=44 vessels from 11 animals). When the ring segments were treated with either thapsigargin (5 μmol/L), ryanodine (5 μmol/L), or cyclopiazonic acid (5 μmol/L) in Ca 2+ -containing or Ca 2+ -free solution, a significant increase in pulmonary arterial tone was observed (n=44 vessels from 11 animals). Subsequent hypoxic challenge in the presence of each agent produced no further increase in tone (n=44 vessels from 11 animals). In isolated pulmonary resistance artery cells loaded with fura 2, hypoxic challenge, thapsigargin, ryanodine, and cyclopiazonic acid resulted in a significant increase in [Ca 2+ ] i (n=18 cells from 6 animals) and depolarization of the resting membrane potential (n=22 cells from 6 animals). However, with prior application of thapsigargin, ryanodine, or cyclopiazonic acid, a hypoxic challenge produced no further change in [Ca 2+ ] i (n=18 from 6 animals) or membrane potential (n=22 from 6 animals). Finally, application of an anti-Kv1.5 antibody increased [Ca 2+ ] i and caused membrane depolarization. Subsequent hypoxic challenge resulted in a further increase in [Ca 2+ ] i with no effect on membrane potential (n=16 cells from 4 animals). Conclusions In rat pulmonary artery resistance vessels, an initial event in HPV is a release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores. This rise in [Ca 2+ ] i causes inhibition of voltage-dependent K + channels (possibly Kv1.5), membrane depolarization, and an increase in pulmonary artery tone.
Small‐Dose‐Sensitive X‐Ray Image Pixel with HgI<sub>2</sub> Photoconductor and Amorphous Oxide Thin‐Film Transistor
Authors: Jae Chul Park, Pyo Jin Jeon, Jin Sung Kim, Seongil Im
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

A new X-ray image sensor is demonstrated with an oxide thin-film transistor backplane and HgI2 sensing material. It displays outstanding image quality under a low X-ray exposure and a low electric field. It is promising as a state-of-the-art device to realize highly resolved images at a low X-ray dose for a variety of medical X-ray imaging applications. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mocetinostat for relapsed classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial
Authors: Anas Younes, Yasuhiro Oki, R Gregory Bociek, John Kuruvilla, Michelle Fanale, Sattva Neelapu, Amanda Copeland, Daniela Buglio, Ahmed Galal, Jeffrey Besterman, Zuomei Li, Michel Drouin, Tracy Patterson, M Renee Ward, Jessica K Paulus, Yuan Ji, L Jeffrey Medeiros, Robert E Martell
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2011)
Urinary monoclonal free light chains in primary Sjogren's syndrome: an aid to the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma.
Authors: M.T Walters, F.K Stevenson, A Herbert, M.I Cawley, J.L Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

Three patients, two with typical primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the third with several features of SS, including abnormal sialography and reduced tear secretion, developed B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of parotid or lung, or both. Isoelectric focusing of concentrated urine specimens in agarose, followed by immunofixation, demonstrated the presence in each patient's urine of monoclonal free light chains of the same class as that shown on the tumour cells. In one patient the level of urinary free light chains was monitored and found to correlate with disease activity. Similar techniques showed no monoclonal light chains in the urine from a further 26 cases of SS with no clinical evidence of lymphoma. The detection of monoclonal urinary free light chains may provide an early diagnostic clue to the development of lymphoma in patients with SS and be a means of tumour monitoring.
Fossil fuels, transport, and public health
Authors: A. Haines
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The recent protests in Britain over the price of fuel initially seemed to enjoy public support: any cause that might put more money in the public's pocket is superficially attractive. But our dependence on motor vehicles powered by fossil fuels incurs an array of external costs to the environment and the public's health. Further, the resultant accumulation of carbon dioxide—a greenhouse gas with a very long life—is storing up trouble for us and for future generations.

In 1994 the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution pointed out that methods of transport had changed dramatically over the previous 25 years. In Britain the average daily distance travelled per person has risen by 75% to around 18 miles.1 Most of this reflects an increase in the use of cars, amounting to a 10-fold increase in distances travelled over 40 years. This has been accompanied by a decrease in travel by bus, coach, bicycle, and in walking. Transport of freight by road has also increased but at the expense of rail travel. Yet if the external costs of road …
Quantitative high-throughput metabolomics: a new era in epidemiology and genetics
Authors: Mika Ala-Korpela, Antti J Kangas, Pasi Soininen
Journal: Genome Medicine (2012)

Metabolites in body fluids reflect multiple biochemical processes and pathways relevant to health and disease. Comprehensive approaches to gain insights into metabolic variation and diseases, such as metabolic phenotyping, have become increasingly popular over recent years [1-3]. These developments have been driven by mass spectrometry (MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as the two key experimental technologies. On the basis of findings from multiple disciplines, it has been envisaged that metabolic phenotyping will eventually lead to holistic risk assessment for various diseases [4].
High-dose immunoglobulin in Felty's syndrome.
Authors: M Ahern, J Harkness, P Maddison, S Forskitt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

High-dose immunoglobulin in Felty's syndrome SIR, Felty's syndrome comprises rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly, and neutropenia and is regarded as a distinct clinical entity.'The mechanism of the neutropenia is ob-
Germline BRCA2 6174delT mutations in Ashkenazi Jewish pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Hilmi Özcelik, Beverly Schmocker, Nando Di Nicola, Xiu-Hong Shi, Bernard Langer, Malcolm Moore, Bryce R. Taylor, Steven A. Narod, Gerarda Darlington, Irene L. Andrulis, Steven Gallinger, Mark Redston
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
The Consequences of Premature Abandonment of Affirmative Action in Medical School Admissions
Authors: Jordan J. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (2003)

The US Supreme Court recently accepted on appeal 2 cases from the University of Michigan regarding the constitutionality of race-conscious decision making in higher education admissions. The consequences of the Court's decision will directly affect the future of medicine in the United States. Medical schools have a societal obligation to select and educate the physician workforce of the future. To outlaw the use of affirmative action in the admissions process would cripple the profession's ability to achieve racial and ethnic diversity. Preserving this diversity in medical school admissions programs is important for 4 major reasons (1) adequate representation among students and faculty of the diversity in US society is indispensable for quality medical education; (2) increasing the diversity of the physician workforce will improve access to health care for underserved populations; (3) increasing the diversity of the research workforce can accelerate advances in medical and public health research; and (4) diversity among managers of health care organizations makes good business sense. This article explores these reasons in detail, reviews the history and effectiveness of affirmative action in medical school admissions programs, and explains why alternatives to affirmative action are unworkable.