tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is Hepatitis C Virus Involved in Hepatitis-Associated Aplastic Anemia?
Authors: Pol Stanislas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Objective: To determine whether hepatitis C virus is involved in hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Bone marrow transplantation unit. Patients: One hundred and eighteen patients with severe aplastic anemia, including 19 with hepatitis-associated aplasia, 61 with aplastic anemia of undetermined cause, and 38 with aplastic anemia related to an inherited syndrome or an acquired etiology. Measurements and Main Results: There was no statistically significant difference in antihepatitis C virus antibodies between hepatitis-related aplastic anemia (15.8%; 95% CI, 4% to 36%) and aplasia of unknown (9.8%; CI, 5% to 22%) or known (7.9%; CI, 2% to 22%) cause. The antihepatitis C virus levels did not differ according to the cause of aplastic anemia. There was no relation between hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus serologies, regardless of cause. Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus is not a frequent cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. Either a non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis virus is involved in non-A, non-B hepatitis-related aplasia or hepatitis C virus prevalence is underestimated in patients with hepatitis-related aplasia, possibly as a result of immunologic defects.
Two Cases of Bronchopneumonia Treated with Bleeding and Ice
Authors: D. B. Lees
Journal: BMJ (1885)

awe smooth, clean, in good condition, and well lubricated, and if of metal, warmed.2. Always use soft elastic bougies, it possible, and see that tho bougie olivaire has a pliant neck.3.More benefit is derived from a bougie which passes easily through a stricture than from a larger one, which is tightly held, and requires force to send it through.4. It is well, before passing a bougie, to give it a curve, the concavity of whicb, on introducing it, should look towards the pubes.5. When using a pilot bougie, always see that the serew is firmly fixed.After the bougie has been used several times, it is apt to be- come rotten at its junction with the screw.Should this be the case, on withdrawing the instrument through the stricture, the pilot might be left behind in the bladder, necessitating further prolonged opera- tive measures for its removal.I once met with an accident ofthis kind, the pilot remaining behind in the bladder.I saw the patient two days afterwards, and, after performing internal urethrotomy for a stricture, was able to extract the bougie by meaus of a lithotrite.-[ Vide
Loss of acinar cell IKKα triggers spontaneous pancreatitis in mice
Authors: Ning Li, Xuefeng Wu, Ryan G. Holzer, Jun-Hee Lee, Jelena Todoric, Eek-Joong Park, Hisanobu Ogata, Anna S. Gukovskaya, Ilya Gukovsky, Donald P. Pizzo, Scott VandenBerg, David Tarin, Çiǧdem Atay, Melek C. Arkan, Thomas J. Deerinck, Jorge Moscat, Maria Diaz-Meco, David Dawson, Mert Erkan, Jörg Kleeff, Michael Karin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease that causes progressive destruction of pancreatic acinar cells and, ultimately, loss of pancreatic function. We investigated the role of IκB kinase α (IKKα) in pancreatic homeostasis. Pancreas-specific ablation of IKKα (Ikkα(Δpan)) caused spontaneous and progressive acinar cell vacuolization and death, interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and circulatory release of pancreatic enzymes, clinical signs resembling those of human chronic pancreatitis. Loss of pancreatic IKKα causes defective autophagic protein degradation, leading to accumulation of p62-mediated protein aggregates and enhanced oxidative and ER stress in acinar cells, but none of these effects is related to NF-κB. Pancreas-specific p62 ablation prevented ER and oxidative stresses and attenuated pancreatitis in Ikkα(Δpan) mice, suggesting that cellular stress induced by p62 aggregates promotes development of pancreatitis. Importantly, downregulation of IKKα and accumulation of p62 aggregates were also observed in chronic human pancreatitis. Our studies demonstrate that IKKα, which may control autophagic protein degradation through its interaction with ATG16L2, plays a critical role in maintaining pancreatic acinar cell homeostasis, whose dysregulation promotes pancreatitis through p62 aggregate accumulation.
Severe hypophosphataemia during recovery from acute respiratory acidosis.
Authors: P Squara, G Bleichner, J P Sollet, A Parent, M Aubier
Journal: BMJ (1985)

terms the amount needed-,C30-C40m a year at most-is trivial; fortunately, chronic renal failure is rather rare.There is no margin of inefficiency in the performance of dialysis which contractual dialysis can exploit; it comes down simply to the fact that until and unless the United Kingdom health service spends more on services for renal failure then some of those who should benefit from the treatment will die, and tinkering with the available budget in politically fashionable ways will not help them.Finally, despite twofold variations in rates of treatment throughout the United Kingdom for terminal renal failure,4 few renal physicians actually "turn down" more than a handful of patients each year.Of course, there remains great variation in patients considered "suitable" in different parts of the country, and Mrs Ward is right to attack this, but a crucial point in the undertreatment of renal failure in the United Kingdom is underreferral.5Why do many physicians and general practitioners not refer patients whom the dialysis units would regard as entirely treatable ?There appears to be a subtle feedback from the attitudes of the local dialysis unit to the local physicians and practitioners, perhaps relating to events in the distant past, when treatment was much more experimental than it is today.This particularly applies to older patients-even in our own region (South West and South East Thames), where intake now approaches 50/million/year (over 300 patients/year), we are still referred few patients over 70 years of age, and almost none over 80.
Insufficiency Fractures of the Upper Femurs Five-year Lapse Between Occurrence on Opposite Sides
Authors: JAMES D. SLAVIN, JORDAN A. NEGRIN, RICHARD P. SPENCER, BARBARA SABINSKY-KALMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

SLAVIN, JAMES D. JR. M.D.; NEGRIN, JORDAN A. M.D.; SPENCER, RICHARD P. M.D., Ph.D.; SABINSKY-KALMAN, BARBARA M.D. Author Information
The association between venous thromboembolism and physical inactivity in everyday life
Authors: J. D. Douketis, A. Iorio
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Seems to be small and slightly higher than that for oral contraceptive use





Observational studies have shown that several lifestyle choices and habits, such as eating too much refined sugar or drinking more than one glass of wine a day, may have adverse health effects.1 2 The linked prospective cohort study by Kabrhel and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.d3867) adds inactivity to this list of sins.3 The study followed 69 950 female nurses for an average of 18 years. Those women who were the most inactive, defined by the number of hours of sitting a day (>41 hours a week outside of work), were two to three times more likely to develop otherwise unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), which manifested as pulmonary embolism, than women who spent the least amount of time sitting (<10 hours a week outside of work). The association remained robust after controlling for other risk factors for VTE such as increasing age, body mass index, and concomitant disease, and was not mitigated by periods of physical activity and exercise.

If the findings are valid they may have major public health ramifications. The study also showed that physical inactivity correlated with coronary heart disease (spanning from 1.2% to 5.1% across fifths of physical inactivity) and hypertension (from 18% to 25%). Prolonged periods of physical inactivity could be …
Employment patterns in males before and after myocardial revascularization surgery. A study of 2229 consecutive male patients followed for as long as 10 years.
Authors: W D Johnson, K L Kayser, P M Pedraza, R T Shore
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Loss of productivity is a major concern among patients with heart disease. To assess the effect of surgery on this factor, we surveyed every living male patient of the surgeon authors operated on from January 1968 through March 1978 (96% follow-up) and compared their pre- and postoperative work status with the U.S. population as reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (USBLS). Comparisons were made on an age-for-age basis and adjustments were made for changes in national employment patterns from 1968-1978. Preoperatively, our younger patients had a 10% lower employment rate than the U.S. male population at large according to the USBLS. Postoperatively, many returned to work, but an equal number who worked preoperatively did not postoperatively. The ability to work full time with little or no limitation increased 20% after operation. The main reason for not working was physical disability, with doctor's advice a distance second. Older patients showed a trend of accelerated retirement after surgery. A few returned to work, but many more retired. The ability to work full-time without limitation increased 4%. Thirty percent of all older subjects cited a desire to relax as their main reason for not working. Compared with the early years of surgery, patients in later years were older and did not show as much preoperative disability. There was some evidence of a deterioration of the effects of surgery. Patients with severely impaired left ventricular function fared worse both pre- and postoperatively, but the improvement was the same as for patients with normal or moderately impaired left ventricular function.
Management of lung cancer.
Authors: S Costello, F Macbeth
Journal: BMJ (1991)

the necessity for the appropriate preservation of the papers of individuals and institutions in medicine and science "if the history of twentieth century medical science is to be studied effectively."'The use that has been made of the voluminous correspondence by some of their nineteenth century predecessors-for example, Charles Darwin-attests to the importance of this.We are less prolific
A MODIFICATION OF THE MOSS METHOD OF DETERMINING ISOHEMAGGLUTINATION GROUPS
Authors: A. H. Sanford
Journal: JAMA (1918)

It is well known that the iso-agglutinins in human serum are thermostabile, and it occurred to me that agglutinating properties in human serum might be easily preserved by drying. The experiment was made as follows to determine this point: Cover slips were cleaned and dried. On several of these were placed two loopfuls of serum from persons of Group III. In like manner cover slips were prepared, with serum from Group II persons. These droplets of serum were allowed to dry in the air, and were then wrapped in paper and placed in the ice box. After more than two months they still possessed marked agglutinating properties. To demonstrate this, one loopful of corpuscle suspension of a Group II person was used to dissolve the dried Group III serum on one of the cover slips. When this was inverted over the concavity on a hanging drop slide, it was noted
Seasickness: A Sure Preventive.
Authors: E. Viko
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Park City, Utah, March 19, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Apropos of the treatment of seasickness. given inThe Journalof March 16, I offer the following: None seem to have a sure remedy of seasickness, and the main reliance appears to rest on massive doses of nerve sedatives. It is a question with many, which they would sooner prefer, the after-effects of the medicines or the seasickness. Dr. Rawlin's remedy to "elevate all the limbs" is, for good reason, impracticable, when it is remembered that, on a rough sea, the position of the body is constantly changing. Dr. Brunton's bandage affords some relief; still, a better remedy is to plant the palms of the two hands on the abdomen and press hard toward the spinal column; but the good effect of either expedient is only temporary. If any one desires to experience genuine seasickness and to try his remedies for
Should We Prescribe Statin and Aspirin for Every Diabetic Patient?
Authors: Harm Wienbergen, Jochen Senges, Anselm K. Gitt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

There is clear evidence that diabetic patients constitute a group at high cardiovascular risk. Epidemiologic data show that with the aging of the European population, the percentage of diabetic patients will increase in the upcoming years, with important consequences for cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, the question arises, “How aggressive should prevention with statins and aspirin in diabetic patients be?”

As several studies have demonstrated, cardiovascular mortality of diabetic patients is as high as in nondiabetic patients with known coronary artery disease (1–3); thus, the term “coronary artery disease risk equivalent” has been introduced.

A coronary artery disease risk equivalent implicates the need for stronger treatment goals of secondary prevention for cardiovascular risk factors. A further debate is whether medical treatment provided to patients with coronary heart disease should also be given to diabetic patients without known coronary heart disease.

Aspirin administration as secondary prevention in coronary heart disease is well established. The beneficial effect of aspirin therapy in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease has been demonstrated by the meta-analysis of the Antithrombotic Trialist’ Collaboration in 2002, with a total relative risk reduction of 15% for cardiovascular death and of 28% for nonfatal re-infarction (4) (Fig. 1).



 Figure 1—  
Beneficial effect of aspirin in secondary coronary prevention. Adapted from Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration (4). *Vascular events: death from vascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. MI, myocardial infarction; pts., patients; TIA, transient ischemic attack.



Regarding primary prevention, Ridker et al. (5) showed a risk reduction by aspirin of 26% for a first cardiovascular event in women ≥65 years of age. In a meta-analysis of primary prevention, Patrono et al. (6) demonstrated that with increasing cardiovascular risk, the benefit of aspirin therapy increases without an increase of bleeding complications; the benefit-risk profile of aspirin becomes more beneficial with increasing cardiovascular risk, …
Use of translated written material to communicate with non-English speaking patients
Authors: D J Tuffnell, K Nuttall, J Raistrick, T L Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

gravity forward increasing the frequency of falling over.However, the relation of vertebral deformities with risk of fracture was independent of frequency of falling.Secondly, and we believe more likely, vertebral deformities may reflect impaired bone strength in the whole skeleton since the relation was independent of bone mineral density.We conclude that by assessing the degree of spinal deformity patients with a fourfold increased risk of future non-vertebral fractures can be identified.1 Cooper C, Campion G, Melton U III. Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection.
Gastrograffin® and Bowel Necrosis
Authors: T.F. HOGAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1977Gastrograffin® and Bowel NecrosisT.F. HOGAN, M.D.T.F. HOGAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-3-382_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gastrograffin® is a commonly used, hypertonic radiologic agent (1900 mOsm/litre) that can induce hypotension via fluid shift into the intestine (1). Bowel ischemia and necrosis have been reported in children, but no well-documented cases have been reported in adults (2). The following case was reviewed at a local hospital.A 41-year-old woman with breast cancer and abdominal metastases was admitted for treatment of progressive ascites. Physical examination showed tachycardia, lethargy, dehydration, abdominal distension without peritonitis, and normal bowel sounds. Laboratory studies were normal except for a mildly elevated serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, chest roentgenogram showing air under...References1. HARRISHEUHAUSERGERTH PER: The osmotic effect of watersoluble contrast media on circulation plasma volume. Am J Roentgenol 91:649, 1964. Google Scholar2. : Personal communication. 31 May 1977 Google Scholar3. American Hospital Formulary Service. Washington, D.C, American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Section 36:68, 1966 Google Scholar4. AMA Drug Evaluations Acton, Massachusetts, Publishing Sciences Group, Inc, 1971, p. 549 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: T.F. HOGAN, M.D.Affiliations: Division of Oncology The University of Wisconsin University Hospitals Madison, WI 53706 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEntérite Nécrosante Fatale Consécutive A Un Transit Aux Opacifiants Hydrosolubles Au Cours D'un Syndrome OcclusifRadiological contrast media 1 September 1977Volume 87, Issue 3Page: 382-383KeywordsCancer treatmentChildrenGastroenterology and hepatologyHypotensionIschemiaNecrosisPeritonitisResearch laboratoriesTachycardiaThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
FURTHER STUDIES OF INFECTIOUS DNA EXTRACTED FROM MYCOBACTERIOPHAGES
Authors: Margret I. Sellers, Tohru Tokunaga
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

Results of the previous investigation in which it was found that DNA extracted from D29 mycobacteriophage was infectious for Mycobacterium smegmatis 607, have been extended. DNA extracted from mycobacteriophage D4 and D32 produced plaques when plated on their respective hosts; D28 DNA, extracted in the same manner and tested under similar conditions, failed to show infectivity. Species barriers were not crossed by mycobacteriophage DNA; bacteria resistant to intact phage were not infected with the phage DNA. The efficiency of plating of the DNA is very much lower than that of intact phage; infection of a given host was not accomplished by DNA when titration for plaque formation by the intact phage was less than 109 PFU. The base composition of DNA extracted from the four mycobacteriophages and the three propagating hosts was very similar. The bases were paired, adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. A relatively higher per cent of guanine-cytosine than of adenine-thymine, was found. The buoyant density of each DNA in CsCl was linearly related to its guanine-cytosine content whereas with the exception of D28 DNA, thermal denaturation temperatures failed to show this relationship. However, the thermal transition profiles were characteristic of double stranded DNA. Additional evidence that D29 DNA forms complexes with basic proteins was obtained. Binding between calf thymus histone and between RNAase and D29 DNA readily occurs with a resultant loss in DNA infectivity. Trypsin and D29 DNA are only weakly reactive.
External Influences on Left Ventricular Diastolic Pressure
Authors: Hamid Sahebjami
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 November 1995External Influences on Left Ventricular Diastolic PressureHamid Sahebjami, MDHamid Sahebjami, MDVeterans Affairs Medical Center; Cincinnati, OH 45220Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-10-199511150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dauterman and colleagues [1] described the effect on the left ventricular pressure-volume relation of a sudden interruption in inferior vena caval inflow to the right heart during the first 10 to 15 seconds. Although the authors' observations are interesting from a physiologic standpoint, I fail to appreciate their claim regarding the clinical significance or relevance of these observations. First, the reduction in right ventricular filling in the clinical setting is rarely, if ever, as sudden and dramatic as was dictated by the experimental design of the study. Second, the subsequent resumption of flow to the right side ...REFERENCE1. Dauterman K, Pak PH, Maughan WL, Nussbacher A, Arie S, Liu CP, et al. Contribution of external forces to left ventricular diastolic pressure. Implications for the clinical use of the Starling law. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:737-42. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Hamid Sahebjami, MDAffiliations: Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Cincinnati, OH 45220 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1995Volume 123, Issue 10Page: 807-808KeywordsBlood pressureCardiac outputHeartHeart rateResearch designStroke ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
BRAIN AND PERSONALITY: STUDIES IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CELEBRAL NEUROPATHOLOGY AND THE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF THE MOTILITY OF SCHIZOPHRENICS. By <i>Paul Schilder, M. D., Ph. D.</i> Nervous and Mental Disease Monograph Series No. 53. (New York and Washington, D. C.: N. M. Dis. Pub. Co., 1931.)
Authors: Harry Stack Sullivan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1933)
A double blind trial to assess the value of alclofenac compared with phenylbutazone in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M A Chamberlain, V Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

A double-blind cross-over study using a double placebo technique was employed to compare the effectiveness of daily alclofenac 3 g and phenylbutazone 300 mg in rheumatoid arthritis. (2) Thirty-one patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis entered the trial. Twenty-three patients completed the trial; eight patients were withdrawn while on alclofenac, six developing a rash and two having inadequate analgesia. (3) Relief of pain on both drugs was comparable. (4) When questioned at the end of the trial, sixteen patients preferred phenylbutazone, four preferred alclofenac. (5) No significant changes in laboratory values were found, apart from a slight mean fall in haemoglobin on phenylbutazone. (6) There were significantly more side effects on alclofenac and rashes were particularly prominent.