tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human Renal Homotransplantations With Cadaver Kidneys
Authors: Satoru Nakamoto
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Encouraging results in renal homotransplantation have recently been reported by several investigators.1-4However, any physician currently engaged in transplantation is reluctant to accept a living healthy person as a donor, because of the uncertainty of length of survival of the recipient. Therefore, it seems appropriate to reevaluate the use of cadaver kidneys for renal homotransplantation. Hume and associates,5in 1955, first described their experience in human renal homografts from cadaver kidneys, and in one of six of their patients, the transplanted kidney functioned for six months. Since then several cases of renal homografts of cadaveric kidneys have been reported by others.6,7  This report concerns our experience with renal homografts from cadaveric kidneys in 19 consecutive patients operated upon between January 1963 and July 1964; the first nine of those patients have been discussed elsewhere.  Materials and Methods  Recipients.—  All patients had uremia in a terminal stage resulting
The R882H DNMT3A Mutation Associated with AML Dominantly Inhibits Wild-Type DNMT3A by Blocking Its Ability to Form Active Tetramers
Authors: David A. Russler-Germain, David H. Spencer, Margaret A. Young, Tamara L. Lamprecht, Christopher A. Miller, Robert Fulton, Matthew R. Meyer, Petra Erdmann-Gilmore, R. Reid Townsend, Richard K. Wilson, Timothy J. Ley
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
The Relationship of House Staff Experience to the Cost and Quality of Inpatient Care
Authors: Eugene C. Rich, Gregory Gifford, Michael Luxenberg, Bryan Dowd
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The inexperience of house staff has been offered as one explanation for the increased cost of care at teaching hospitals, but conclusive evidence for this has been lacking. We studied the relationship of house staff experience to the cost and quality of inpatient care in a large series of internal medicine patients at one teaching hospital. We defined house staff experience by the month of academic year during which the patient received care. Our measures of cost were length of hospital stay and total hospital charges, while our measures of quality were hospital deaths, hospital readmissions, and nursing home placement. Multiple linear regression analysis on 21 679 hospital discharges revealed increasing house staff experience to be associated with a significant decline in length of stay (95% confidence interval for b, — 0.006 to — 0.066 days per discharge per month of house staff experience) and total hospital charges (95% confidence interval for b, — 0.002 to — 0.017 log dollars per discharge per month of house staff experience). These findings constitute an estimated average decline of 0.43 days per discharge and $370 per discharge over the academic year. Logistic regression analysis found no relationship of house staff experience to hospital deaths, readmissions, or nursing home placement. These findings suggest that the process of training inexperienced physicians may represent an important source of inefficiency for teaching hospitals struggling in a competitive environment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:953-957)
Unraveling virus-induced lymphomagenesis
Authors: Chris Boshoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), a human gammaherpesvirus, is the etiological agent for the endothelial-derived Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and also for certain lymphoproliferative disorders. In these lymphoproliferations, the KSHV-infected cells carry the stigmata of B lymphocytes, with plasmablastic features. The JCI has published three manuscripts addressing key questions related to B cell infection and viral latent expression in B cells. Myoung and Ganem provide evidence that CD4(+) lymphocytes suppress KSHV replication, promoting latency in B cells; Hassman and colleagues show that KSHV infection drives plasmablast differentiation in a subset of IgM(+) λ light chain-expressing cells; and Ballon and colleagues describe the in vivo transdifferentiation of B lymphocytes by KSHV-encoded viral FLICE-inhibitory protein (vFLIP).
Mechanisms of Cardiac and Renal Dysfunction in Patients Dying of Sepsis
Authors: Osamu Takasu, Joseph P. Gaut, Eizo Watanabe, Kathleen To, R. Eliot Fagley, Brian Sato, Steve Jarman, Igor R. Efimov, Deborah L. Janks, Anil Srivastava, Sam B. Bhayani, Anne Drewry, Paul E. Swanson, Richard S. Hotchkiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

The mechanistic basis for cardiac and renal dysfunction in sepsis is unknown. In particular, the degree and type of cell death is undefined.To evaluate the degree of sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte and renal tubular cell injury and death.Light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining for markers of cellular injury and stress, including connexin-43 and kidney-injury-molecule-1 (Kim-1), were used in this study.Rapid postmortem cardiac and renal harvest was performed in 44 septic patients. Control hearts were obtained from 12 transplant and 13 brain-dead patients. Control kidneys were obtained from 20 trauma patients and eight patients with cancer. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated low levels of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (<1-2 cells per thousand) in septic and control subjects and revealed redistribution of connexin-43 to lateral membranes in sepsis (P < 0.020). Electron microscopy showed hydropic mitochondria only in septic specimens, whereas mitochondrial membrane injury and autophagolysosomes were present equally in control and septic specimens. Control kidneys appeared relatively normal by light microscopy; 3 of 20 specimens showed focal injury in approximately 1% of renal cortical tubules. Conversely, focal acute tubular injury was present in 78% of septic kidneys, occurring in 10.3 ± 9.5% and 32.3 ± 17.8% of corticomedullary-junction tubules by conventional light microscopy and Kim-1 immunostains, respectively (P < 0.01). Electron microscopy revealed increased tubular injury in sepsis, including hydropic mitochondria and increased autophagosomes.Cell death is rare in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction, but cardiomyocyte injury occurs. Renal tubular injury is common in sepsis but presents focally; most renal tubular cells appear normal. The degree of cell injury and death does not account for severity of sepsis-induced organ dysfunction.
Complete response at first chemoembolization is still the most robust predictor for favorable outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Kyung Ah Kim, Yong Eun Chung, Myeong-Jin Kim, Mi-Suk Park, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Man Deuk Kim, Sung Il Park, Jong Yoon Won, Do Yun Lee, Kwang-Hyub Han
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Correlates of asthma morbidity in primary care.
Authors: K. P. Jones, D. J. Bain, M. Middleton, M. A. Mullee
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To explore the morbidity of patients diagnosed as asthmatic in general practice, to examine the determinants of this morbidity, and to derive a simple morbidity screening tool for use in primary care. DESIGN--Patient interviews, lung function measurements, and data extraction from general practice case notes. SUBJECTS--300 asthmatic patients aged 5 to 65 years randomly selected from the repeat prescribing registers of three general practices in the Southampton area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Reported morbidity using a calculated index based on three questions (Are you in a wheezy or asthmatic condition at least once per week; Have you had time off work or school in the past year because of your asthma; Do you suffer from attacks of wheezing during the night?); mean forced expiratory volume in one second and mean peak expiratory flow (over a seven day period); diurnal variation in peak flow; and the relation of the morbidity index to lung function. RESULTS--Mean forced expiratory volume in one second was 67% predicted (SD 18.4), mean peak expiratory flow was 80% predicted (SD 18.9), and mean diurnal variation was 10% (SD 7.7). 76 subjects were classified as having low morbidity, 95 medium, and 125 high. The morbidity index was significantly associated with forced expiratory volume in one second, mean peak expiratory flow rate, and diurnal variation (p less than 0.05); it was not significantly associated with inhaler technique or use of prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS--There was a large burden of persisting morbidity across all ages of patients diagnosed as asthmatic in the three well resourced practices studied. The use of the morbidity index may help to target the asthmatic patients needing more attention by concentrating on those reporting medium to high morbidity.
Herpes zoster of second and third segments causing ipsilateral Horner's syndrome.
Authors: H S Wimalaratna, R Capildeo, H Y Lee
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Une observation: apres un zona interessant les 2eme et 3eme segments thoraciques droits (eruption au niveau de l'epaule droite et du creux axillaire), persistance d'une ptose de la paupiere droite et d'un syndrome de Horner (paresie sympathique oculaire)
CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS WITH PRESERVED SYSTOLIC FUNCTION: IMPACT OF LATE GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT ON DIASTOLIC FUNCTION AND LEFT ATRIAL MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Amit R. Patel, Michael R. Klein, Nadera J. Sweiss, Kirk T. Spencer, Jeanne M. DeCara, Roberto M. Lang, Lissa Sugeng, Stephen L. Archer, D. Kyle Hogarth, Martin C. Burke, Timothy B. Niewold, John F. Beshai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Current Issues in Fructose Metabolism
Authors: R R Henry, P A Crapo, A W Thorburn
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1991)

The ingestion of fructose, particularly in refined form, has significantly increased in the North American diet over the last two decades. The unique way in which fructose is metabolized has given rise to much research examining whether fructose is advantageous in appetite control, exercise endurance, and disease states such as diabetes. Overall, there is very little evidence that modest amounts of fructose have detrimental effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in nondiabetic or NIDDM subjects or that its use is particularly advantageous compared to that of other sugars. However, fructose can cause insulin and triglyceride levels to rise dramatically, and hence be potentially harmful, in a subgroup of NIDDM subjects who have concomitant pronounced hypertriglyceridemia. Large doses of fructose should also be avoided by subjects with gout because of the hyperuricemia which may result. No evidence exists that fructose has any clear advantages over glucose in regard to exercise endurance. Similarly there is no conclusive evidence that physiologic amounts of dietary fructose exacerbate copper deficiency or aid in weight control.
An eight-gene expression signature for the prediction of survival and time to treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: T Herold, V Jurinovic, K H Metzeler, A-L Boulesteix, M Bergmann, T Seiler, M Mulaw, S Thoene, A Dufour, Z Pasalic, M Schmidberger, M Schmidt, S Schneider, P M Kakadia, M Feuring-Buske, J Braess, K Spiekermann, U Mansmann, W Hiddemann, C Buske, S K Bohlander
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Neutralization of interferon-gamma exacerbates pneumocystis-driven interstitial pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation in mice.
Authors: B A Garvy, F Gigliotti, A G Harmsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The role of IFNgamma in the development of infection-driven interstitial pneumonitis in a model of murine graft-versus-host disease was investigated. Mice were given either syngeneic or allogeneic bone marrow transplants along with lung Pneumocystis carinii infections and were treated with either control mAb or anti-IFNgamma mAb. At day 21 after transplant, lung weights were elevated nearly twofold in all groups. By day 41, mice in all groups had cleared the P. carinii but only the mice given allogeneic transplants and anti-IFNgamma had increased lung weights. Increased lung weights in the anti-IFNgamma-treated mice corresponded to alveolar infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, and multinucleated giant cells and exacerbated interstitial pneumonitis compared with mice treated with control antibody. Intracellular staining indicated that there were 3- to 10-fold more CD4+ cells producing IFNgamma than those producing IL-4 in the lung lavages of mice given either syngeneic or allogeneic transplant. Treatment of transplanted mice with anti-IFNgamma resulted in a significant decrease in IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the lung lavages but no change in the number of IL-4-producing CD4+ cells. These data indicate that IFNgamma is critical for controlling the development of P. carinii-driven interstitial pneumonia after either syngeneic or allogeneic bone marrow transplant in mice.
Kaposi's Sarcoma, Vascular Permeability, and Scientific Integrity
Authors: Adriana Albini
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —The Brief Report by Dr Witte and colleagues1states that using the method described by Nakamura et al2the authors were not able to reproduce the data on KS cell-induced vascular permeability. While I have not personally used the method of EB dye injection,2I found several flaws in the report of Witte et al that make me think they are more interested in raising a turmoil than in obtaining useful scientific data.  The fact that KS cell products induce neovascularization with leaky, hemorrhagic vessels has been recently confirmed by us, independently from Dr Nakamura's and Dr Gallo's laboratories, using a different approach.3Since in a previous article Salahuddin et al4showed that a KS-like lesion rich in endothelial cells was induced by subcutaneous injection of KS spindle cells, with an apparent nonendothelial phenotype, the hypothesis of endothelial cell recruitment by KS
Cellular bioenergetics after erythropoietin therapy in chronic renal failure.
Authors: R M Marrades, J Alonso, J Roca, J M González de Suso, J M Campistol, J A Barberá, O Diaz, J V Torregrosa, J R Masclans, R Rodríguez-Roisin, P D Wagner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

After erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy, patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) do not improve peak O2 uptake (VO2 peak) as much as expected from the rise in hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]). In a companion study, we explain this phenomenon by the concurrent effects of fall in muscle blood flow after rHuEPO and abnormal capillary O2 conductance observed in CRF patients. The latter is likely associated with a poor muscle microcirculatory network and capillary-myofiber dissociation due to uremic myopathy. Herein, cellular bioenergetics and its relationships with muscle O2 transport, before and after rHuEPO therapy, were examined in eight CRF patients (27 +/- 7.3 [SD] yr) studied pre- and post-rHuEPO ([Hb] = 7.8 +/- 0.7 vs. 11.7 +/- 0.7 g x dl-1) during an incremental cycling exercise protocol. Eight healthy sedentary subjects (26 +/- 3.1 yr) served as controls. We hypothesize that uremic myopathy provokes a cytosolic dysfunction but mitochondrial oxidative capacity is not abnormal. 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (31P-MRS) from the vastus medialis were obtained throughout the exercise protocol consisting of periods of 2 min exercise (at 1.67 Hz) at increasing work-loads interspersed by resting periods of 2.5 min. On a different day, after an identical exercise protocol, arterial and femoral venous blood gas data were obtained together with simultaneous measurements of femoral venous blood flow (Qleg) to calculate O2 delivery (QO2leg) and O2 uptake (VO2leg). Baseline resting [phosphocreatine] to [inorganic phosphate] ratio ([PCr]/[Pi]) did not change after rHuEPO (8.9 +/- 1.2 vs. 8.8 +/- 1.2, respectively), but it was significantly lower than in controls (10.9 +/- 1.5) (P = 0.01 each). At a given submaximal or peak VO2leg, no effects of rHuEPO were seen on cellular bioenergetics ([PCr]/[Pi] ratio, %[PCr] consumption halftime of [PCr] recovery after exercise), nor in intracellular pH (pHi). The post-rHuEPO bioenergetic status and pHi, at a given VO2leg, were below those observed in the control group. However, at a given pHi, no differences in 31P-MRS data were detected between post-rHuEPO and controls. After rHuEPO, at peak VO2, Qleg fell 20% (P < 0.04), limiting the change in QO2leg to 17%, a value that did not reach statistical significance. The corresponding O2 extraction ratio decreased from 73 +/- 4% to 68 +/- 8.2% (P < 0.03). These changes indicate that maximal O2 flow from microcirculation to mitochondria did not increase despite the 50% increase in [Hb] and explain how peak VO2leg and cellular bioenergetics (31P-MRS) did not change after rHuEPO. Differences in pHi, possibly due to lactate differences, between post-rHeEPO and controls appear to be a key factor in the abnormal muscle cell bioenergetics during exercise observed in CRF patients.
Palliative Dilation for Dysphagia in Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: HOWARD A. HEIT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

We retrospectively reviewed our experience with palliative dilation for dysphagia in esophageal carcinoma. During a 3-year period 26 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus underwent peroral esophageal dilation for relief of dysphagia. Twenty-four were able to resume a soft or regular diet after dilation. This improvement was accomplished with low morbidity and no mortality. Dilations were done without additional risk in patients with malignant tracheoesophageal fistulae and in patients undergoing radiation therapy. We conclude that esophageal dilation can be done safely and effectively in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Palliative dilation can significantly improve the quality of life for these patients and should be considered an important part of their management plan.
Review: Steroid avoidance or withdrawal does not increase mortality or graft loss in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Mordechai Saeid Nosrati
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

ACP Journal Club15 September 2009Review: Steroid avoidance or withdrawal does not increase mortality or graft loss in kidney transplant patientsMordechai Saeid Nosrati, MDMordechai Saeid Nosrati, MDKeck-USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA (M.S.N.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-6-200909150-02011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationPascual J, Zamora J, Galeano C, Royuela A, Quereda C. Steroid avoidance or withdrawal for kidney transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(1):CD005632. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19160257Clinical Impact RatingsNephrology: References1 Opelz G. Correlation of HLA matching with kidney graft survival in patients with or without cyclosporine treatment. Transplantation. 1985;40:240-3. [PMID: 3898488] Google Scholar2 Doxiadis II, de Fijter JW, Mallat MJ, et al. Simpler and equitable allocation of kidneys from postmortem donors primarily based on full HLA-DR compatibility. Transplantation. 2007;83:1207-13. [PMID: 17496537] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Keck-USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA (M.S.N.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 September 2009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 2009Volume 151, Issue 6Page: JC3-11KeywordsAntigensImmunosuppressivesPatientsRenal analysisRenal transplantationSafetyTransplantation ePublished: 15 September 2009 Issue Published: 15 September 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE SUDDEN DEATH OF PATIENTS WITH FEW SYMPTOMS OF HEART DISEASE
Authors: GEORGE V. LeROY
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The sudden death of a patient with disease of the coronary arteries is rarely instantaneous in the sense that the person appears perfectly well one minute and is dead the next. It is instantaneous in the sense that a person with few or many symptoms suddenly ceases to live. The absence of a gradual decline in strength that might indicate a fatal outcome contributes to the unexpectedness of this type of death. In the first few hours or days after the appearance of symptoms that should suggest interference with the coronary blood supply, myocardial insufficiency is seldom severe enough to cause fatal congestive failure, and warning of impending difficulty that is obvious to the casual observer is often lacking. The type of patient we wish to discuss belongs in a strictly limited group: He does not have the dramatically severe syndrome of excruciating thoracic and brachial pain with shock and
Aspects of Therapy in Psychosomatic Medicine
Authors: Walter Bräutigam
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

An inquiry into the selection of patients at the Heidelberg Psychosomatic Clinic confirmed that in the process from diagnosis to psychotherapy the selection had the tendency to exclude more those patients without higher education, those aged over 30 years, and those transferred from other clinics. Patients with psychosomatic disorders or physical ailments are not subjected to this negative selection. However, they come less often to the clinic of their own accord, are usually less well-educated, have vague ideas about therapy or expect to have medicines prescribed, and generally are less aware than neurotics of having contact problems with others. After combined verbal and pre-verbal inpatient therapy and two years of outpatient group therapy, personality changes are apparent both in neurotics and psychosomatic patients. Studies with Giessen Tests show that changes are even greater in the psychosomatic group.
Advances in Electrocardiography
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The distinguished editors of this series have not failed to produce an authoritative book. Yet despite a disclaimer in the preface, they have failed to a degree in their duty to the reader. Those who read volume 1 (warmly acclaimed inThe Journal222:1190, 1972) will have an uncomfortable sensation of déjà vu because of masses of identical text, dozens of identical illustrations, and, usually, few new references in 13 of the 19 chapters. Some contributors made reasonable efforts to augment and update the advances noted in volume 1. Others have made only pallid attempts to change occasional words and phrases. Despite such semantic cosmetics and a few different references, five chapters are indistinguishable from the original. The editors had alternatives: if there were no advances in fields that had to be covered, they could have restricted the original contributors to fresh data, or they might have invited other contributors. That
Spontaneous Bundle Branch Block in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: J. DAVID BRISTOW, MANUEL RENE MALINOW
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Naturally occurring ventricular conduction abnormalities are described in 23 rhesus monkeys and compared with findings in 15 control animals. Electrocardiograms and Frank vectorcardiograms were recorded and ventricular endocardial leads were obtained in four of the animals. Three examples of left bundle branch block and five of right bundle branch block were found. Less marked degrees of abnormal intraventricular conduction are described in 15 others.
Cardiac Sarcoidosis Demonstrated by TI-201 and Ga-67 SPECT Imaging
Authors: JUNICHI TAKI, KENICHI NAKAJIMA, HISASHI BUNKO, MANABU OHGUCHI, NORIHISA TONAMI, KINICHI HISADA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Ga-67 and TI-201 SPECT was performed to evaluate cardiac sarcoidosis in a 15-year-old boy. TI-201 SPECT imaging showed decreased uptake in the inferior to lateral wall and Ga-67 accumulation in the area of decreased TI-201 uptake. These findings suggested cardiac sarcoidosis, and cardiac biopsy confirmed this diagnosis. After corticosteroid therapy, myocardial uptake of Ga-67 disappeared and myocardial TI-201 uptake became more homogeneous.