tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crystalline Raphides in the Toxic Houseplant Dieffenbachia
Authors: William G. Dore
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:—  A case of toxicity resulting from biting into the stem of dumb cane ( Dieffenbachia sequine ) was reported by Drach and Malone ( JAMA  184 :1047 [June 29] 1963).  Two types of intercellular crystals are present in the tissue of this popular foliage-plant: druses, star-like clusters of polyhedral crystals, and raphides, needle-shaped crystals arranged parallel in compact bundles (Figure). Both are said to be composed of calcium oxalate. Such crystalline inclusions are prevalent in plant tissues, usually in the softer parts (leaves, stems, and fruits), and in a great variety of species 1,2 including some eaten with impunity.   Dieffenbachia is peculiar in that the raphides are borne not in thin-walled parenchyma cells but inside special cylindrical thick-walled cells which have a nozzle-like aperture at either end. 3 On sectioning fresh tissue, the needles may be seen—if one acts quickly—being extruded singly and in rapid succession from the cell orifices.
National clinical directors' reports show improvements in care over Labour's 10 years in power
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Nearly 10 000 lives a year in England are being saved through the greater use of statins, and an estimated 3.4 million people—7% of the population—are taking the drug, the latest data on coronary heart disease show. The figures were published to coincide with Tony Blair's speech at a meeting at the health charity the King's Fund on Monday ( BMJ 2007;334:919, doi: 10.1136/bmj.39202.632072.4E).

No patient is waiting more than three months for heart surgery, the report says, and the number of premature deaths from circulatory disease in people aged under 75 has fallen by almost 36% in the …
Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Harold O. Douglass
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Cullinan and co-workers 1 have provided us with an important contribution to help us evaluate claims for various treatments for patients with advanced gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. They have reminded us of the need to compare any proposed new standard of therapy with a treatment commercially available for nearly a quarter of a century that has no critical cumulative toxic effect (eg, cardiac or hematologic) and whose drug costs (if not costs of drug administration) are far less expensive.  As the authors state, little advantage is shown for the doxorubicin hydrochloride combinations in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, the data presented suggest that the jury is still out, as far as gastric cancer is concerned, despite the definitive statement in the abstract.  Objective responses were reported for two of 11 patients in the fluorouracil-alone arm, for three of 11 patients who received fluorouracil and doxorubicin, and for
Rising Autism Rates Still Pose a Mystery
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Case of Malignant Melanoma and Pregnancy
Authors: H. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Paradoxical Haematemesis in Oesophageal AtresiaAn essential prerequisite for the diagnosis of oesophageal atresia is to have the condition in mind.From the vari- ations in its reported incidence it seems probable that in some areas the diagnosis is less frequently considered than in others.However, it may happen that because of the co- existence of an additional condition the diagnosis may be delayed or even missed altogether.As the subsequent case report shows, the occurrence of haematemesis in a case of oesophageal atresia might well obscure the diagnosis, and so lead to undesirable delay in operative treatment.CASE REPORT ,A primipara aged 35 was delivered of an apparently normal male child in her own home on the evening of October 9,
Regulatory authority reviews GMC decisions in Mid Staffordshire cases
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An audit of 100 cases closed by the General Medical Council at the initial stages found “weaknesses or areas for improvement” in the council’s investigation of 22 cases.1

The review, conducted by the Professional Standards Authority for health and social care, included three cases of doctors who worked at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust that were closed by the GMC after investigation in the six months covered by the audit, 1 October 2012 to 31 March 2013. No doctors are named in the report.

The authority, which oversees nine regulators of healthcare professionals in the United Kingdom and social workers in England and which used to be called the Council for Healthcare Regulatory Excellence, carries out periodic audits of the regulators’ investigation systems. 

In the latest audit of the GMC it found no clear or adequate reasons for closing nine cases; …
Increased collagen synthesis and increased content of type VI collagen in myocardium of tight skin mice
Authors: R. I Bashey, N. Philips, F. Insinga, S. A Jimenez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Increased collagen synthesis and increased content of type VI collagen in myocardium of tight skin mice Get access Reza I Bashey, Reza I Bashey Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: R I Bashey, N Philips, F Insinga, S A Jimenez. Correspondence to Dr Bashey. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neena Philips, Neena Philips Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: R I Bashey, N Philips, F Insinga, S A Jimenez. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frank Insinga, Frank Insinga Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: R I Bashey, N Philips, F Insinga, S A Jimenez. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sergio A Jimenez Sergio A Jimenez Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: R I Bashey, N Philips, F Insinga, S A Jimenez. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 6, June 1993, Pages 1061–1065, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.6.1061 Published: 01 June 1993 Article history Received: 04 September 1992 Accepted: 11 December 1992 Published: 01 June 1993
Spina Bifida and Other Abnormalities
Authors: Walter C. Alvarez
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In regard to the question of the hereditary nature of spina bifida (<i>JAMA</i><b>176</b>:974 [June 17] 1961), I have on my desk a letter from a woman who tells me that one of her children is hydrocephalic, and another had a big spina bifida which caused his death. I think it is extremely important that we physicians, when studying the heredity of a disease, look not only for that disease but other possibly related ones in the family. Today this often is not done. For instance, if a mother has a mongoloid child the physician will review the family history looking only for other mongoloids. This, I am sure, is an extremely nearsighted policy. In the last 2 dozen or so cases of mongoloid children that I have seen, there usually was some serious mental trouble in the family, such as psychosis or alcoholism, and perhaps
Lysozyme and Hypercalcaemia
Authors: P. J. PHILLIPS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments and Correction1 April 1977Lysozyme and HypercalcaemiaP. J. PHILLIPS, R. W. PAIN, J. LLOYDP. J. PHILLIPSSearch for more papers by this author, R. W. PAINSearch for more papers by this author, J. LLOYDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-4-508_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Hypercalcaemia has recently been reported to be associated with increased serum lysozyme activity (1). Two mechanisms have been postulated: that the increased calcium concentration stimulates leukocytes to secrete lysozyme (1); and that bones release lysozyme and calcium together (2, 3). Whatever the mechanism, the finding of increased serum lysozyme activity in nine of sixteen hypercalcaemic patients (1) suggests that serum lysozyme estimation is unreliable as an index of myeloid proliferation in the presence of hypercalcaemia.We were concerned by this possibility and measured serum lysozyme activity in 12 hypercalcaemic patients with nonhematologic malignancies (mainly breast and bronchogenic...References1. GOLDSTEINHORNKAPLAN IJH: Hypercalcaemia: a possible cause for elevated serum lysozyme levels. Ann Intern Med 84:445-446, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GREENWALD R: Lysozyme and calcium. Ann Intern Med 85:261, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar3. EISENSTEINKEUTTNER RK: Lysozyme from bone? Ann Intern Med 85:337-338, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar4. GOLDSTEINHORNKAPLAN IJH: Calcium-induced lysozyme secretion from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 60:807-812, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GOLDSTEINHOFFSTEINWEISSMAN ISG: Influence of divalent cations upon complement-mediated enzyme release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Immunol 115:665-670, 1975 MedlineGoogle Scholar6. WOLINSKYCOHN ID: Bone lysozyme: partial purification, properties and depression of activity by parathyroid extract. Nature 210:413-414, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science South Australia 5000 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1977Volume 86, Issue 4Page: 508-508KeywordsAttentionBoneCalciumLysozyme Issue Published: 1 April 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Minoxidil for severe hypertension after failure of other hypotensive drugs.
Authors: B L Devine, R Fife, P M Trust
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Forty-four patients with severe hypertension who were resistant to treatment with more conventional hypotensive drugs or could not tolerate the side effects were treated with minoxidil, a potent peripheral vasodilator. A beta-blocking drug and a diuretic were used routinely to control, respectively, the tachycardia and fluid retention caused by minoxidil. During treatment the outpatient supine blood pressure fell from a mean of 221/134 mm Hg to 162/98 mm Hg. Eleven patients required additional or alternative hypotensive agents before blood pressure was adequately controlled. Side effects were minor, although the invariable hirsuties caused by minoxidil was unacceptable to three women. The possibility of cardiotoxic effects, raised by early studies in dogs, has not been excluded, and therefore this drug should be used only in patients with severe hypertension. In such patients minoxidil appears to be most effective.
Development and Evaluation of Written Patient Information for Endoscopic Procedures
Authors: L. Aabakken, I. Baasland, I. Lygren, M. Osnes
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: In the process of revising our written patient information, we wanted to incorporate some patient feedback into the text, and to compare the new brochures with the old one in terms of procedure-related anxiety and general patient satisfaction.
TCTAP A-197 Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Echocardiographic Parameters According to Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring (Agatstone) Measured by 64-Channel Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Sang-Ho Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Ung Jun, Se-Whan Lee, Won-Yong Shin, Seung-Jin Lee, Dong-Kyu Jin, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Yoonjee Park, Akkala Raghavender Goud, Hu Li, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Studies, Reports Say Botulinum Toxins May Have Effects Beyond Injection Site
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interstate Reciprocity in Licensing Physicians
Authors: E. F. Hamlin
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> This subject is not receiving the attention it should receive by the medical profession in general. To be sure an occasional article appears from time to time in medical journals, but that is not enough. More action is practitioner—for the physician who is in good standing with his local and state societies and the American Medical Association, and who has been in active practice for the last ten or more years. Suppose that for his own health, or that of some other member of his family, or for any other good reason, he wants to go into some other state. If the state in which he wishes to locate does not reciprocate with the state in which he has been practicing, he must then go before the board of medical examiners and pass an examination before he can get his license; an examination which probably three-fourths of
Blood Pressure and the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Philip B. Gorelick
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Chernobyl: Relationship between the Number of Missing Newborn Boys and the Level of Radiation in the Czech Regions
Authors: Miroslav Peterka, Renata Peterková, Zbyněk Likovský
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

The number of newborn boys was higher than that of girls in the Czech Republic each month from 1950 to 2005. The only exception was November 1986, when the number of newborn boys was significantly reduced. This has been explained by a selective negative impact of the Chernobyl accident in April 1986 on male fetuses during the third month of their prenatal development.The first and most radioactive cloud passed over the Czech Republic during 30 April-1 May 1986. Concurrent rainfall multiplied the radioactivity by up to > 10,000-fold in specific regions. We verified a hypothesis that the decrease in the male birth fraction in November 1986 correlated with the level of radiation in eight Czech regions after the Chernobyl disaster.We found a relationship between the level of radiation and the decrease in the number of newborn boys. The number of newborn boys was decreased in the six eastern regions where the radiation was strongly increased due to rain that accompanied the radioactive cloud. In contrast, the number of newborn boys was not reduced in the two western regions where the radioactivity was markedly lower.A negative impact of radiation on the prenatal population was manifested as a selective loss of newborn boys in November 1986. This loss correlated with level of radioactivity. The 131I probably played the most important role because of its up-take during primary saturation of fetal thyroid by iodine, which accompanies the onset of the gland function in 3-month-old fetuses.
Lymphocyte traffic through sinusoidal endothelial cells is regulated by hepatocytes
Authors: Sarah Edwards, Patricia F. Lalor, Gerard B. Nash, G. Ed Rainger, David H. Adams
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Crosstalk between hepatic sinusoidal ECs and closely juxtaposed hepatocytes via vascular endothelial growth factor is essential for the maintenance of sinusoidal endothelial growth and differentiation. We propose that paracrine interactions between endothelial cells and hepatocytes also may be responsible for the unique complement of adhesion receptors expressed on sinusoidal endothelium that regulate the recruitment of lymphocytes into the liver. To address this hypothesis, we developed an in vitro model of the hepatic sinusoid in which flowing lymphocytes could interact with hepatic endothelium conditioned by the presence of hepatocytes. Human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells cocultured with hepatocytes were activated so that they supported the adhesion of lymphocytes at levels equivalent to those seen on endothelium stimulated with the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-β. Lymphocyte adhesion was supported by intracellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and E-selectin, with an additional contribution from the novel adhesion receptor VAP-1. In conclusion, we show that interactions between hepatocytes and endothelial cells amplify leukocyte recruitment through the sinusoids by regulating the expression and function of endothelial adhesion molecules. These paracrine interactions may be responsible for the induction of the adhesion molecules that support constitutive lymphocyte recruitment to the liver as well as contributing significantly to the patterns of leukocyte adhesion seen during episodes of hepatic inflammation. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:451–459.)
Abstract A52: DNA damage responses in different cell types of nonproliferating human prostate tissue
Authors: Taija M. af Hällstrsöm, Kimmo Taari, Mirja Ruutu, Leif Andersson, Marikki Laiho, Sari Jäämaa, Anna Sankila, Ville Rantanen, Hannu Koistinen, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Zhewei Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Angelo M. De Marzo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have been extensively studied in cancer cell lines and mouse models, but little is known about how DNA damage is recognized by different cell types in nonmalignant, slowly replicating human tissues. Here, we assess, using ex vivo cultures of human prostate tissue, DDR caused by cytotoxic drugs (camptothecin, doxorubicin, etoposide, and cisplatin) and ionizing radiation (IR) in the context of normal tissue architecture. Using specific markers for basal and luminal epithelial cells, we determine and quantify cell compartment-specific damage recognition. IR, doxorubicin, and etoposide induced the phosphorylation of H2A.X on Ser(139) (gH2AX) and DNA damage foci formation. Surprisingly, luminal epithelial cells lack the prominent gH2AX response after IR when compared with basal cells, although ATM phosphorylation on Ser(1981) and 53BP1 foci were clearly detectable in both cell types. The attenuated gH2AX response seems to result from low levels of total H2A.X in the luminal cells. Marked increase in p53, a downstream target of the activated ATM pathway, was detected only in response to camptothecin and doxorubicin. These findings emphasize the diversity of pathways activated by DNA damage in slowly replicating tissues and reveal an unexpected deviation in the prostate luminal compartment that may be relevant in prostate tumorigenesis. Detailed mapping of tissue and cell type differences in DDR will provide an outlook of relevant responses to therapeutic strategies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: Taija M. af Hällström, Kimmo Taari, Mirja Ruutu, Leif Andersson, Marikki Laiho, Sari Jäämaa, Anna Sankila, Ville Rantanen, Hannu Koistinen, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Zhewei Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Angelo M. De Marzo. DNA damage responses in different cell types of nonproliferating human prostate tissue [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A52.
Bronchogenic Cyst
Authors: R.F.J. Browne, S. Fitzgerald, V. Young, B. Hogan, D. Moore
Journal: Circulation (2002)

A 41-year-old man presented with acute retrosternal pain radi- ating to the back.The suspected diagnosis was dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm.Chest radiograph was normal.Computed tomography showed a well-defined subcarinal loculated mass of low density compressing the superior vena cava and ascending aorta anteriorly and the esophagus posteriorly (Figure 1).Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a 7-cm posterior cystic mass almost completely obliterating the left atrium and associated with a small pericardial effusion (Figure 2 and Figure 3).Complete surgical resection of the mass was performed without complication.Histological examination of resected tissue revealed ciliated stratified epithelium characteristic of a bronchogenic cyst (Figure 4).The patient remains asymptomatic 18 months after surgery.