tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High pleural fluid hyaluronan concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: T Soderblom, T Pettersson, P Nyberg, AM Teppo, L Linko, H Riska
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Previous studies have shown that high pleural fluid (Pf) hyaluronan (HYA) concentrations may be due not only to malignant mesothelioma but also to inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate Pf-HYA in various nonmalignant inflammatory pleural disorders. A radiometric assay was used to determine HYA in Pf and serum (S) of 126 patients, 12 of whom had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 22 tuberculosis, 22 pneumonia, 41 lung cancer, 10 malignant mesothelioma and 19 congestive heart failure. Pf-HYA values were correlated with values for Pf-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and Pf-interleukin (IL)-1beta, as determined by radioimmunoassay. The highest median Pf-HYA (125.6 mg x L(-1), range 0.04-386.5 mg x L(-1)) occurred in patients with malignant mesothelioma. Among patients with nonmalignant inflammatory diseases, significantly higher median Pf-HYA were observed in those with rheumatoid arthritis (64.2 mg x L(-1), range 25.8-106.9 mg x L(-1)) than in those with tuberculosis (25.5 mg x L(-1), range 14.9-57.1 mg x L(-1), p&lt;0.0005) or pneumonia (20.9 mg x L(-1), range 9.5-129.4 mg x L(-1), p&lt;0.005). There was no correlation between Pf-HYA and S-HYA. Pf-HYA correlated positively with Pf-TNF-alpha (r=0.62) and Pf-IL-1beta (r=0.52). High pleural fluid hyaluronan occurs not only in malignant mesothelioma, but also in certain nonmalignant inflammatory diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis. One explanation for the increase in pleural fluid hyaluronan may be local production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta.
Abstract 4758: A new syngeneic MYCN-overexpressing neuroblastoma mouse model and MYCN-DNA vaccine
Authors: Alexander Stermann, Nicole Huebener, Diana Seidel, Anastasia Shibina, Stefan Fest, Gerhard Gaedicke, Holger N. Lode
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid extracranial tumor in childhood. High-level expression of MycN caused by amplification of the gene plays an important role in maintaining the malignant phenotype of NB and is the most significant marker for poor prognosis overall. Recent studies suggested that MYCN is a suitable target for immunotherapy, but up to now, a syngeneic NB mouse model over expressing MYCN and is not available to examine immunotherapeutic strategies in vivo. Here, we report the development of a tetracycline inducible MYCN expressing murine NB cell line syngeneic to A/J mice and a new MYCN-DNA vaccine. The murine NB cell line C1300, syngeneic to A/J mice, was stably transfected with a tetracycline inducible MYCN expression vector system T-RExTM (Invitrogen). Stable transfection was verified by real-time PCR and Western-Blot, revealing significant high expression levels of MYCN RNA and protein, respectively. Characterization of the murine MYCN expressing cells in vitro and in vivo will be reported. Furthermore, a new MYCN-DNA vaccine, based on epitopes encoding for three peptides from the murine MYCN protein sequence with high affinity to the A/J mouse MHC class I allele H2-Kk, was designed and tested in vivo for its ability to induce an antigen-specific immune response. Lymphocytes isolated from A/J mice vaccinated with the MYCN minigen vaccine effectively lysed wild type C1300 cells in cytotoxicity assays in contrast to lymphocytes from control mice. Additionally, lymphocytes from minigene vaccinated mice produced significantly higher amounts of IFN-γ after stimulation with irradiated C1300 cells, than lymphocytes from control mice, indicating the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes by the vaccine that actively kill even parental C1300 tumor cells with relatively low MYCN expression. We suspect that this effect will be enhanced when the newly established high MYCN-expressing C1300 cells are employed in a similar cytotoxicity assay. Results to support this hypothesis will be reported at the meeting. In summary, we report the development of a new MYCN-DNA vaccine and a murine tetracycline inducible MYCN NB cell line providing an important new syngeneic mouse model for in vivo evaluation of new immunotherapeutic strategies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4758.
Comparison of echocardiography and radiology in the diagnosis of aortic root dilatation in Marfan's syndrome and in syphilis.
Authors: N G Kounis, K Constantinidis
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Aortic root dilatation was sought by echocardiography and radiology in 500 consecutive patients referred to an echocardiography laboratory from cardiac or medical clinics and wards. Forty-four of these patients (8.8%) had false echocardiographic evidence of aortic root dissection, but no clinical evidence of the disease. These false findings were attributed to the changing of the transducer angulation, post-stenotic dilatation, calcific aortic stenosis, generalised arteriosclerosis, and thin reverberations behind the posterior wall echo. In one patient with Marfan9s syndrome, the chest radiograph was normal and a diagnosis was established by echocardiography. In another patient with syphilis, the dilatation was seen in the chest radiograph while echocardiography revealed a normal proximal aorta. In syphilis the dilatation begins distally and because of the intervening lung tissue echocardiography is unhelpful. Echocardiograms easily detect the aortic valve ring while radiographs show the more distal ascending aorta. These observations may be of added value in the diagnosis of aortic root disease.
Abstract 4268: Gene signature of host irradiation from Trp53 null mammary tumors detects radiation-preceded human cancers and has prognostic value for sporadic human breast cancer
Authors: David H. Nguyen, Erik Fredlund, Wei Zhao, Charles M. Perou, Allan Balmain, Jian-Hua Mao, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The microenvironment mediates many important aspects of tumorigenesis, providing complementary mechanisms that work in concert with mutagenic challenges to initiate and promote tumor development. To test the effect of ionizing radiation, a carcinogen known to act via the microenvironment, we employed a radiation-genetic chimera in which an irradiated mouse was transplanted with unirradiated Trp53 null mammary epithelium. Host irradiation not only decreased tumor latency, but unexpectedly enriched for tumors that were negative for estrogen receptor-α (Cancer Cell 19:40-51, 2011). Using gene expression microarrays we identified a profile containing 323 genes (323-IHC) that could separate the tumors that arose in irradiated hosts from those that arose in naive mice. To evaluate the relevance of an irradiated microenvironment in human cancer, the 323-gene expression signature was applied to expression profiles of sporadic or radiation-preceded human cancers. Clustering using the 323-IHC was able to detect radiation history in thyroid carcinomas from Chernobyl and radiotherapy associated sarcomas even though there was no overlap with the differential gene profiles published for either data set, demonstrating the relevance of microenvironment reprogramming as one of the fundamental facets of radiation carcinogenesis. We next utilized a gene expression data set representing 1,608 human breast cancers compiled from 10 independent studies. Clustering of these samples, using genes from our mouse-derived radiation signature that were also present on the breast cancer gene expression platform, segregated four subgroups that were enriched for intrinsic subtypes, and two major groups with differential relapse-free and overall survival. A 72-gene centroid derived from the 323-IHC classified the breast cancers as either similar to tumors from host-irradiation, or similar to tumors from non-irradiated hosts. Classification of the human breast cancer expression profiles revealed an association between host-irradiation and estrogen receptor negative, basal-like breast cancers. Thus, the biology represented in the 323-IHC signature is present in human cancers and associates with etiology and clinical outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4268. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4268
IMPORTANCE OF SUPERVISION OF APPARENTLY CURED TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS AFTER THEY LEAVE SANATORIA.
Authors: FREDERICK I. KNIGHT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The proper and satisfactory control of tuberculosis in the future will involve a continued knowledge on the part of some authority not only of the individuals infected, but of their families and all surroundings. In my opinion, this duty should be assigned not to local boards of health, who would not have the time to devote to it, and sometimes not the interest to do the work thoroughly, but to special local boards, who should gain the desired results with as little publicity as possible. These local boards should be composed of persons really interested in the subject, who should work cautiously and be sufficiently discreet not to create a panic in the local neighborhoods. One of the functions of such a board should be to supervise patients who, apparently cured, return home from treatment at sanatoria or elsewhere. The better class of patients will usually consult their physicians after
782-1 Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty Versus Balloon Angioplasty Used in Long Coronary Lesions: The Longterm Results of the AMRO-Trial
Authors: Yolande E.A. Appelman, Jan J. Piek, Pim J. de Feyter, Jacques J. Koolen, Sipke Strikwerda, James R. Margolis, George K. David, Ken Redekop, Eline V. Swijndregt, Patrick W. Serruys, Jan G.P. Tijssen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Immunological cross‐reactivity between lipid transfer proteins from botanically unrelated plant‐derived foods: a clinical study
Authors: R. Asero, G. Mistrello, D. Roncarolo, S. Amato, G. Caldironi, F. Barocci, R. Van Ree
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Lipid transfer proteins (LTP) are highly conserved and widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Recent studies demonstrated immunological cross‐reactivity between LTP from many botanically unrelated fruits and vegetables and concluded that LTP are pan‐allergens. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of such cross‐reactivity in a group of subjects monosensitized to LTP. Methods: Twenty LTP‐hypersensitive patients were selected from a population of about 600 subjects with history of Rosaceae allergy by means of: 1) negative skin prick test (SPT) with a commercial birch pollen extract; 2) positive SPT with a commercial plum extract, rich in LTP but virtually lacking both Bet v 1‐like proteins and profilin; 3) in‐vitro IgE reactivity to the 9–10 kDa fraction of peach peel or immunoblot with peach peel showing a single band at 10 kDa; and 4) total inhibition of reactivity to whole peach extract (containing Bet v 1‐related allergen, profilin, and LTP) by purified peach LTP on enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA). Allergy to foods other than Rosaceae was ascertained by careful interview and analysis of medical recordings. SPT with a large series of plant‐derived foods were carried out as well. The cross reactivity between LTPs from botanically unrelated plant‐derived foods was assessed by ELISA inhibition tests using walnut and peanut extracts as substrate, and peach LTP as inhibitor. Results: All patients reported allergic reactions after the ingestion of at least one from a large number of vegetable foods other than Rosaceae , and in several cases clinical reactions were very severe (anaphylaxis, asthma, urticaria/angioedema). Nuts and peanuts were the most frequently reported causes of allergic reactions (80% and 40% of patients, respectively). All patients showed positive SPT to several non‐ Rosaceae food extracts. SPT with nuts, peanut, legumes, celery, rice, and corn were positive in the majority of patients. In ELISA inhibition studies, absorption of sera with peach LTP caused complete inhibition of IgE reactivity to walnut and peanut in all cases. Conclusion: LTP is a clinically relevant pan‐allergen. Most Rosaceae ‐allergic, LTP‐hypersensitive patients experience adverse reactions after ingestion of botanically unrelated plant‐derived foods as well. In view of the high prevalence and severity of the allergic reactions induced, hazelnut, walnut, and peanut should be regarded as potentially hazardous for these patients.
The effect of intracoronary radiation for the treatment of recurrent in-stent restenosis in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: Luis Gruberg, Ron Waksman, Andrew E Ajani, Han-Soo Kim, R.Larry White, Ellen Pinnow, Regina Deible, Lowell F Satler, Augusto D Pichard, Kenneth K Kent, Joseph Lindsay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Issues in Comparisons Between Meta-analyses and Large Trials
Authors: John P. A. Ioannidis
Journal: JAMA (1998)

The extent of concordance between meta-analyses and large trials on the same topic has been investigated with different protocols. Inconsistent conclusions created confusion regarding the validity of these major tools of clinical evidence.To evaluate protocols comparing meta-analyses and large trials in order to understand if and why they disagree on the concordance of these 2 clinical research methods.Systematic comparison of protocol designs, study selection, definitions of agreement, analysis methods, and reported discrepancies between large trials and meta-analyses.More discrepancies were claimed when large trials were selected from influential journals (which may prefer trials disagreeing with prior evidence) than from already performed meta-analyses (which may target homogeneous trials) and when both primary and secondary (rather than only primary) end points were considered. Depending on how agreement was defined, kappa coefficients varied from 0.22 (low agreement) to 0.72 (excellent agreement). The correlation of treatment effects between large trials and meta-analyses varied from -0.12 to 0.76, but was more similar (0.50-0.76) when only primary end points were considered. When both the magnitude and uncertainty of treatment effects were considered, large trials disagreed with meta-analyses 10% to 23% of the time. Discrepancies were attributed to different disease risks, variable protocols, quality, and publication bias.Comparisons of large trials with meta-analyses may reach different conclusions depending on how trials and meta-analyses are selected and how end points and agreement are defined. Scrutiny of these 2 major research methods can enhance our appreciation of both for guiding medical practice.
Successful Replacement of Defective Ball of a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
Authors: Bertrand Y. Scalabrini
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Twenty-six months after implantation of an 8 AT Starr-Edwards prosthetic aortic valve, anemia developed in a 40-year-old woman. Four embolic episodes occurred the following month, despite adequate anticoagulation therapy. There was no evidence of the other two abnormalities due to ball variance, namely, diastolic murmur due to valve incompetence or electrocardiographic changes of ischemia. Five fissures harboring thrombi, and irregularity and color changes were observed in the ball at exploratory operation, and the ball was replaced. The high coincidence of ball variance with small sizes of prosthetic aortic valves demands a program of regular, frequent follow-up examinations of patients with those prostheses to detect abnormalities early. Surgical exploration appears mandatory for embolic complications, and relative for anemia, valve incompetence, and electromechanical abnormalities affecting the myocardium.
Hazards of surgical glove powders.
Authors: J D Davies, H J Espiner, W K Eltringham, J B Grant
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Overall, only 42 (4O0) of 1033 patients treated surgically for breast cancer or benign disease required frozen section for confirma- tion or exclusion of malignancy.Needless to say, this policy has been achieved only by the very helpful co-operation we have received from Dr T J Anderson and his colleagues in the pathology department.We would be interested to know how Dr Thomson and his colleagues investigate their patients prior to mastectomy, whether they prepare them for the psychological effects of operation or discuss how these may be reduced by breast reconstruction or by more conservative methods of treatment.We have long believed that the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer should not be telescoped into a single operative event.Satisfactory methods of outpatient diagnosis are available and should be used.
MRI to X-ray mammography intensity-based registration with simultaneous optimisation of pose and biomechanical transformation parameters
Authors: Thomy Mertzanidou, John Hipwell, Stian Johnsen, Lianghao Han, Bjoern Eiben, Zeike Taylor, Sebastien Ourselin, Henkjan Huisman, Ritse Mann, Ulrich Bick, Nico Karssemeijer, David Hawkes
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2014)

Determining corresponding regions between an MRI and an X-ray mammogram is a clinically useful task that is challenging for radiologists due to the large deformation that the breast undergoes between the two image acquisitions. In this work we propose an intensity-based image registration framework, where the biomechanical transformation model parameters and the rigid-body transformation parameters are optimised simultaneously. Patient-specific biomechanical modelling of the breast derived from diagnostic, prone MRI has been previously used for this task. However, the high computational time associated with breast compression simulation using commercial packages, did not allow the optimisation of both pose and FEM parameters in the same framework. We use a fast explicit Finite Element (FE) solver that runs on a graphics card, enabling the FEM-based transformation model to be fully integrated into the optimisation scheme. The transformation model has seven degrees of freedom, which include parameters for both the initial rigid-body pose of the breast prior to mammographic compression, and those of the biomechanical model. The framework was tested on ten clinical cases and the results were compared against an affine transformation model, previously proposed for the same task. The mean registration error was 11.6±3.8 mm for the CC and 11±5.4 mm for the MLO view registrations, indicating that this could be a useful clinical tool.
What Lies Ahead for American Physicians: One Economist's Views
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1985)

During the past months, I have participated in several conferences centered around the changing structure of the US health care system and what these changes hold in store for physicians. I listened with a third ear to the questions raised by physicians in the audience, both the older, established members and the younger people who were just getting established. Occasionally residents and medical students also participated. One and all, these physicians gave evidence of concern, unease, confusion, discontent, and anxiety about what was happening and, more particularly, what would happen to their profession and to themselves and their colleagues. As a long-term student of physician personnel and the economics of the health care system, here are my best "hunches." Any attempt to attach a more respectable term to the uncertain future would be presumptuous. But in the absence of anything better, even hunches may be of some use, especially since
Routine Tonometry in 5,000 Patients for Detection of Early Glaucoma
Authors: J. E. L. Bendor-Samuel, W. May, H. Reed
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Glaucoma, like the poor, is always with us.All ophthalmic out-patient departments have their share of tragic cases of elderly men and women with glaucoma.The incidence of glaucoma in the general population is high.In 1956 Sorsby reported that 13.6% of all blind- ness in England is due to glaucoma.Zeller and Christensen (1954) state that in the United States 20,000 persons are blind from glaucoma, and a further 150,000 have lost the sight in one eye.Further, a number of workers have published the results of mass survey and found that the average incidence of glaucoma in people over 40 years of age is 2 % (see Table I).TABLE I.-Incidence of Glaucoma in the General Population Over the Age of 40
African Americans and Caucasians have a similar prevalence of coronary calcium in the Dallas Heart Study
Authors: Tulika Jain, Ronald Peshock, Darren K. McGuire, DuWayne Willett, Zhoazia Yu, Gloria L. Vega, Rudy Guerra, Helen H. Hobbs, Scott M. Grundy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Colocalization of CPP-32 With Apoptotic Cells in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Ziad Mallat, Jeanny Ohan, Guy Lesèche, Alain Tedgui
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Apoptosis that has been reported in human atherosclerosis may contribute to the remodeling of atherosclerotic plaques. The identification of specific markers for apoptosis in these plaques would permit the development of specific therapeutic strategies to limit their progression. Cysteine protease CPP-32 is essential for apoptotic death in mammalian cells and appears to be an attractive candidate. Methods and Results We studied 12 atherosclerotic plaques from 12 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. Apoptosis was analyzed by in situ end labeling of fragmented DNA (TUNEL method) and corroborated by the presence of DNA fragmentation in agarose gel electrophoresis. CPP-32 was detected with the use of a specific monoclonal antibody, and its expression was compared with that of interleukin-1β–converting enzyme (ICE). We showed that CPP-32 was highly expressed in 10 of 12 atherosclerotic plaques and that it colocalized with apoptotic cells. Expression of ICE generally paralleled that of CPP-32, but ICE was also detected in plaques negative for CPP-32 and showing no apoptosis. Conclusions CPP-32 is highly expressed within human atherosclerotic plaques and is closely related to apoptosis. This finding suggests that CPP-32 may be the ICE-like enzyme responsible for apoptosis in human atherosclerosis and opens new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies to alter the progression of this disease.
Incorrect Description of Lentivirus Titration Protocols in the Article by Wang et al (Arthritis Rheum, June 2013)
Authors: Feng-Sheng Wang, Pei-Chin Chung, Chung-Liang Lin, Ming-Wen Chen, Huei-Jin Ke, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Yu-Shan Chen, Shin-Long Wu, Jih-Yang Ko
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

In this article by Wang et al in the June 2013 issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism (pages 1530–1540), lentivirus titration protocols were described incorrectly in the two sentences of the “Construction of lentivirus-mediated miR-29a precursor and inhibitor expression vectors” paragraph of Materials and Methods. These sentences should have read “Lentivirus particles were concentrated by ultracentrifugation, and lentiviral genomic RNA was measured by quantitative RT-PCR using LentiX qRT-PCR Titration kits according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Clontech). Lentivirus titers were calculated and expressed as infectious units/ml.”