tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Case of Bronchobiliary Fistula in the Setting of Adult Polycystic Kidney and Liver Disease, with a Review of the Literature
Authors: Robin Bird, Kimberly Fagen, Danielle Taysom, Eugene D. Silverman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A case of bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) was demonstrated in the setting of polycystic kidney and liver disease (PCKLD) by hepatobiliary scintigraphy. High-resolution noncontrast computed tomography through the liver showed a polycystic liver. A calcified cyst adjacent to the dome of the liver appeared to have a fistulous connection with the lung on coronal reconstructions. Hepatobiliary scan confirmed the fistulous connection. In a review of the literature, BBF has been associated with hydatid cyst disease, trauma, postsurgical states, and malignancy. As demonstrated by this case, BBF is difficult to diagnose and requires a high clinical index of suspicion. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is the imaging modality of choice to confirm BBF, and PCKLD should be added to the list of antecedent etiologies.
THE IMPLANTATION OF THE URETERS INTO THE LARGE BOWEL
Authors: CARL BECK
Journal: JAMA (1913)

During recent years the problem of implanting one or both ureters into bladder, ureter or bowel has repeatedly been the subject of theoretical discussion and practical experiments, and conclusions have been drawn from the success obtained as to the possibility and expediency of this method. The first one to undertake an implantation of the ureters into the intestinal tract was Simon, who in 1851 operated for an ectopy of the bladder by uniting the ureter with the rectal wall through a tight knot, which cut through and produced a communication between ureter and rectum. For two months the patient passed urine through the rectum, but then the anastomosis became very narrow, the urine escaped through the fistula, and the patient died. In 1879 Theodore Smith of St. Bartholomew Hospital published in the hospital reports an account of a case in which he implanted both ureters into the colon; the patient,
Platelet-dependent thrombin generation after in vitro fibrinolytic treatment.
Authors: D L Aronson, P Chang, C M Kessler
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Fibrinolytic therapy is associated with frequent rethrombosis. There is evidence of both increased coagulation and platelet activation. METHODS AND RESULTS Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets were incubated with the fibrinolytic agents urokinase, recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), or plasmin at concentrations consistent with those in the plasma of patients treated for myocardial infarction. All of the fibrinolytic agents induced a more rapid generation of thrombin and decreased the clotting times of non-contact-activated PRP than in untreated PRP. This effect was not blocked by the inclusion of thrombin inhibitors during the fibrinolytic treatment. Washed platelets derived from rt-PA-treated PRP induced more rapid thrombin generation when resuspended in untreated plasma or treated plasma. Washed platelets were treated with plasmin, rt-PA, and urokinase and added to platelet-poor plasma. Platelets treated with either plasmin or rt-PA increased the ability of washed platelets to support thrombin generation, but urokinase was without significant effect. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate not only that plasmin can cause increased platelet support of prothrombin activation but also that rt-PA in the absence of plasminogen can have a direct effect on the platelet, which increases thrombin generation.
Mutations in human TBX3 alter limb, apocrine and genital development in ulnar-mammary syndrome
Authors: Michael Bamshad, Robert C. Lin, David J. Law, W. Scott Watkins, Patrycja A. Krakowiak, Mary E. Moore, Piergiorgio Franceschini, Roberto Lala, Lewis B. Holmes, Tom C. Gebuhr, Benoit G. Bruneau, Albert Schinzel, J. G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman, Lynn B. Jorde
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Identification of pre-T cells in human peripheral blood. Extrathymic differentiation of CD7+CD3- cells into CD3+ gamma/delta+ or alpha/beta+ T cells.
Authors: F I Preffer, C W Kim, K H Fischer, E M Sabga, R L Kradin, R B Colvin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

CD7+CD3- cells purified (greater than 99.99%) by FACS from the peripheral blood of healthy adults include precursors for mature T cells that have the capacity to differentiate into TCR-1+ or TCR-2+ CD3+ cells. Extrathymic differentiation was demonstrable from all eight healthy donors in the presence of a high concentration of IL-2, mitogenic levels of PHA, and irradiated blood mononuclear feeder cells, after a lag of approximately 40 d in vitro. The extrathymic T (ET) cells were predominantly TCR-1+, although TCR-2+ cells were also derived. ET TCR-1+ cells were CD4-CD8-, CD4-CD8DIM+, and CD4+CD8-, and were distinguished from natural T TCR-2+ cells by a variety of cell surface markers. The ET cells had phenotypes generally displayed by normal mature T cells, although the CD5DIM+ on ET cells was more typical of thymocytes. Acquisition of CD3 on purified CD7+CD3- cells was not due to antigenic modulation or growth of contaminants, and ET cells could be demonstrated at the clonal level. Studies in athymic mice and bone marrow recipients support the view that extrathymic maturation does occur in vivo. Whether the CD7+CD3- cell population was unexposed to the thymus, or exposed but not processed, is unknown. In any case, unusual or "forbidden" autoreactive specificities are predicted since ET cells differentiate without thymic selection of the TCR.
Focus on pregnancy-mediated heart and vascular disease
Authors: Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner, Zolt Arany
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Worldwide, the number of women who have a pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or develop cardiac problems during pregnancy is increasing, and CVD is the leading cause of non-obstetric mortality during pregnancy. The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy and in the peripartum period provide a challenge to the cardiovascular system of all women and especially to those with previously present cardiovascular conditions. Understanding the morphological and functional changes in normal pregnancy is therefore important for the timely recognition of cardiac pathology during this vulnerable period. However, there is still a lack of evidenced-based clinical data in this field, as well as a deficit in understanding general physiological and pathophysiological processes operating in the maternal heart around pregnancy. CVD around pregnancy thus provides challenges for both the treating physician and the basic scientist. The present Review Focus issue provides a series of reviews and original work, from both expert clinical and basic scientists in the field, which outline the present state of knowledge on critical aspects of pregnancy-mediated heart and vascular disease.

Pregnancy poses a significant physiological stress, as haemodynamic changes increase cardiac output, blood volume, and cardiac workload. The review by Chung and Leinwand1 summarizes how the maternal heart specifically reacts to this situation and describes …
Prison officers can recognise hidden psychiatric morbidity in prisoners
Authors: L. Birmingham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Prisons in England and Wales are known to house a considerable number of mentally ill people.1–3 Many of these people probably pass through health screening undetected when they are received into prison and remain on ordinary location (on prison wings) without ever coming to the attention of a doctor.4 5

During two visits to large local male remand prisons as a guest medical inspector with …
A ‘telomere-associated secretory phenotype’ cooperates with BCR-ABL to drive malignant proliferation of leukemic cells
Authors: M Braig, N Pällmann, M Preukschas, D Steinemann, W Hofmann, A Gompf, T Streichert, T Braunschweig, M Copland, K L Rudolph, C Bokemeyer, S Koschmieder, A Schuppert, S Balabanov, T H Brümmendorf
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Abstract 5244: MicorRNA-27a functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer through targeting SPGG1 and Smad2
Authors: Yonghua Bao, Zhiguo Chen, Yongchen Guo, Tiesuo Zhao, Yansheng Feng, Yunjuan Jiao, Zexin Li, Jianguo Wang, Weixing Zhao, Kai Li, Qian Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Huijuan Zhang, Wancai Yang, Wancai Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide, but the causes of colorectal carcinogenesis are largely unknown. Using a miRNA array we have identified differential expression of some microRNAs in colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa. Most of these miRNAs have been validated in colorectal tissues by quantitative RT-PCR. One of the most changed miRNAs is miR-27a. The level of miR-27 was significantly reduced in colon cancers in compared with matched normal mucosa, the reduced expression of miR-27a was also associated with colorectal cancer pathological stages - miR-27a was more reduced at stages III/IV, compared to stage II. The levels of miR-27a in human colon cancer cell lines were also less than that in human normal colon epithelial cell lines. Using bioinformatic and systemic analysis, two targets of miR-27a were predicted, they were SPGG1 and Smad2. The expression levels of SPGG1 and Smad2 were negatively correlated with miR-27a. Dual luciferase assay showed that overexpression of miR-27 significantly repressed SPGG1 and Smad2 transcriptional activities. Increasing miR-27 expression also inhibited SPGG1 and Smad2 protein levels in colon cancer cells. Functional studies revealed that overexpression of miR-27 inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis and attenuated cell migration, which were linked to downregulation of p-STAT3 and upregulation of phosphorylated JNK1. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-27a were lower in colorectal cancer tissues in comparison to the non-tumor tissues and was related to pathological stages, suggesting that down-regulation of this miRNA could contribute to colorectal tumorigenesis and the acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype in colorectal cancer, which could be through targeting SPGG1 and Smad2. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Yonghua Bao, Zhiguo Chen, Yongchen Guo, Tiesuo Zhao, Yansheng Feng, Yunjuan Jiao, Zexin Li, Jianguo Wang, Weixing Zhao, Kai Li, Qian Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Huijuan Zhang, Wancai Yang, Wancai Yang. MicorRNA-27a functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer through targeting SPGG1 and Smad2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5244. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5244
Abstract 5579: Novel proteins highly expressed in tumor identified by a high throughput immunoproteomic approach
Authors: Renata Maria Grifantini, Piero Pileri, Andrea Pierleoni, Susanna Campagnoli, Alberto Grandi, Renzo Nogarotto, Matteo Parri, Elena Canidio, Davide Cattaneo, Massimiliano Pagani, Elisa De Camilli, Sergio Abrignani, Guido Grandi, Giuseppe Viale, Paolo Sarmientos
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cancer biomarker discovery is an extremely active research track in both academia and pharma industries. Several high throughput technologies were applied through the years to identify proteins specifically related to cancerous phenotype. However, most putative biomarkers identified from conventional proteomic/transcriptomic strategies still need to be clinically validated. Here we present a cancer biomarker discovery approach based on the use of a large library of antibodies raised against recombinant human proteins to detect tumor-associated proteins by immune-histochemistry analysis of clinical tumor tissues. Starting from the whole human genome, genes encoding proteins predicted as membrane- or secreted were selected and high through-put cloned and expressed. Recombinant proteins were used to build a polyclonal antibody library (YOMICS®) currently comprising more than 1700 murine immune sera. The ability of sera to recognize specific targets predominantly present in tumors was assessed by Tissue MicroArray (TMA, a miniaturized immunohistochemistry analysis) of tumor tissue samples and healthy controls from pedigreed patients affected by the most common human tumor types, including colon, ovary, breast, lung, ovary and prostate cancers. While the screening is still in progress, six antibodies were identified showing high reactivity on a high percentage (ranging from 40 to 95%) of tumor tissues on one or more cancer type, with negative staining on normal tissues. The corresponding protein targets, being novel tumor-associated proteins, were validated and characterized at cellular and molecular level by analyzing their expression, cellular localization and biological role in a panel of tumor cell lines. Interestingly, two of the six proteins are localized at the plasma membrane, while the other proteins are intracellular. Data so far available indicate that one of the six proteins confers an invasive phenotype to tumor cell lines. The newly identified proteins are promising candidates as new biomarkers and could be exploited to develop target-specific drug therapies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5579.
EQUIVALENT VALUES IN SPECTACLE LENSES
Authors: WILLIAM E. SHAHAN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

By lens-grinders and spectacle salesmen, the powers of spectacle lenses are computed by simple additions and subtractions; a lens which has a + 5 D. surface on one side and + 5 D. surface on the other, is called a + 10 D. lens. Also a lens which has a + 20 D. surface on one side and a - 10 D. surface on the other, is called a + 10 D. lens. But it is found in practice that if this double convex +10 D. lens accurately measures a defect in an eye, and a meniscus lens of this form is ordered with the - 10 D. surface next the eye, an over correction of more than 2 D. will exist. In other words this meniscus lens with a conventional value of + 10 D. has a value equivalent to that of a double convex lens of more than + 12 D. Moreover the ordinary neutralization test fails in
The lords medical
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (1999)

I liked the House of Lords with its families of accidental legislators Hereditary peers were motivated by the unfashionable principle of noblesse oblige. Without them, all parliamentarians are driven by personal ambition, just like the rest of us.

The upper house still has 26 lords spiritual and a similar number of law lords. The third great profession, medicine, is underrepresented. There are noble doctors but they have been selected by the …
Direct regulation of bile secretion by prostaglandins in perfused rat liver
Authors: Karlheinz Beckh, Susanne Kneip, Rudolf Arnold
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Prostaglandins have been postulated to act as mediators of intercellular communication between liver cell populations in the regulation of liver carbohydrate metabolism. Their role in the regulation of bile secretion is rather unclear. The action of prostaglandins on bile flow and bile acid secretion was studied in the in situ perfused rat liver. Infusion of prostaglandin F2 alpha resulted in reduction of bile flow and bile acid secretion. In addition, portal flow was diminished and glucose output was increased. The parameters were altered in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of prostaglandins D2 and E2 were similar but less potent than those of prostaglandin F2 alpha. To separate the effects on portal flow and bile flow, we used nitroprusside and nifedipine to suppress the hemodynamic changes induced by prostaglandins. In the presence of these substances, the alterations of bile flow and bile acid secretion were even more pronounced. Infusion of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis increased bile flow. In conclusion, prostaglandins F2 alpha, D2 and E2 reduce bile flow and bile acid secretion. These effects are independent of hemodynamic changes. Suppression of synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins by inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis reversed these effects. Prostaglandins are involved in the regulation of bile flow and bile acid secretion.
Increased responsiveness to methacholine and histamine after challenge with ultrasonically nebulised water in asthmatic subjects.
Authors: J L Black, R E Schoeffel, R Sundrum, N Berend, S D Anderson
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Responsiveness to inhaled methacholine was compared before and 40-60 minutes after a challenge with ultrasonically nebulised water (UNH2O) in 16 asthmatic patients. The sensitivity to methacholine increased after UNH2O challenge (p less than 0.001). The mean dose of methacholine producing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second was 0.4 (95% confidence limits 0.2, 0.8) mumol, compared with 0.9 (95% confidence limits 0.5, 1.6) mumol in the first methacholine challenge. When the study was repeated in six asthmatic patients with histamine substituted for methacholine, five of the patients were significantly more sensitive to histamine after UNH2O challenge. It is concluded that challenge with UNH2O produces an increase in airway responsiveness.
The Dead Good Funerals Book
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Sue Gill, John Fox Engineers of the Imagination, £9.50, pp 192 ISBN 0 9527159 0 2

I have only ever witnessed one peaceful death in hospital. Yet of all the deaths I have been party to, it is this quiet and almost unremarkable event that I remember most clearly and not the many rib shattering, chest thumping ones that remain the institutional norm. In a state of unusually heightened awareness of the fragility of life, this single death taught me more about the privilege and intimacy of being a doctor than anything else I had yet experienced.

Neither the trauma of the casualty department nor the life support paraphernalia of the intensive care unit had made such a dent on the hardened shell that I had grown. Ironically, this rare serene death of an elderly man was one of the events that led me to leave medicine, at least for a time. It made me look at myself, and …
Physician Health and Lifestyle
Authors: J. S. Young
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
360 CXCL10 GENE POLYMORPHISM PREDICTS RAPID VIROLOGIC RESPONSE TO PEGYLATED INTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN COMBINATION THERAPY IN ASIAN PATIENTS WITH DIFFICULT-TO-TREAT CHRONIC HEPATITIS C GENOTYPE
Authors: K. Thanapirom, S. Suksawatamnuay, P. Tangkijvanich, S. Treeprasertsuk, Y. Poovorawan, S. Akkarathamrongsin, P. Komolmit
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Pharmacological tolerance to alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonism mediated by terazosin in humans.
Authors: J Vincent, W Dachman, T F Blaschke, B B Hoffman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Chronic administration of alpha 1-receptor antagonists is associated with loss of clinical efficacy, especially in congestive heart failure, although the mechanism is uncertain. To evaluate changes in venous alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness during chronic alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade, dose-response curves to phenylephrine and angiotensin II were constructed in 10 healthy subjects before, during, and after administration of terazosin 1 mg orally for 28 d. Terazosin initially shifted the dose-response curve of phenylephrine to the right, with a significant increase in ED50 for phenylephrine from a control value of 102 to 759 ng/min on day 1 of terazosin (P < 0.001). However, by day 28, the dose-response curve had shifted back towards baseline with an ED50 of 112 ng/min. After discontinuing terazosin, the ED50 for phenylephrine remained near the baseline value, indicating no evidence of supersensitivity to phenylephrine. There was no change in responsiveness to angiotensin II during the course of treatment with terazosin. Plasma terazosin concentrations were stable throughout the period of drug administration. The mean Kd of terazosin was estimated as 11 +/- 15 nM in the first few days of treatment. This study demonstrates that pharmacological tolerance to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking action of terazosin occurs in man and may be responsible for loss in efficacy with chronic therapy.
Incidence of tuberculosis in England and Wales. Europeans may be more at risk.
Authors: J M Symonds
Journal: BMJ (1993)

trend.The number of elderly people and Asians has increased considerably in the past decade, and therefore great care needs to be exercised before an increased incidence of tuberculosis in England is predicted.Evidence in Birmingham points to a steadily decreasing rate, and we doctors need to ensure that it stays that way.
The Smokeless Pipe: A Solution to the Problem of Tobacco Smoke
Authors: H. Friederici
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  There has been considerable emphasis at different times 1,2 on the hazards inherent in tobacco smoke. To this author it seems that the emphasis has been misdirected: if the smoker endangers his own health by voluntary smoking, it may be argued that he has the right to do so. By doing himself in, by whatever means he considers most suitable, he may indeed contribute selectively to the relief of the overpopulation problem. But there is little consideration for the nonsmoking fellowman exposed to (but not participating in) the  apportioned by burning leaves and paper—not to say anything about air pollution. Nonsmokers tend to feel that the smoker hardly has the right to make things inhospitable for those around him, but there is little or nothing they can do in retaliation.  Undoubtedly, the mechanism by which smoking produces pleasure to the smoker is complex. However oral contact