tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ablation of c-FLIP in hepatocytes enhances death-receptor mediated apoptosis and toxic liver injury in vivo
Authors: Jörn M. Schattenberg, Tim Zimmermann, Marcus Wörns, Martin F. Sprinzl, Andreas Kreft, Tobias Kohl, Michael Nagel, Jürgen Siebler, Henning Schulze-Bergkamen, You-Wen He, Peter R. Galle, Marcus Schuchmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Improved asthma control with budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler, compared with budesonide alone
Authors: O. Zetterström, R. Buhl, H. Mellem, M. Perpiñá, J. Hedman, S. O'Neill, T. Ekström
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler was compared with budesonide alone, and with concurrent administration of budesonide and formoterol from separate inhalers, in patients with asthma, not controlled with inhaled glucocorticosteroids alone. In this 12-week, double-blind, randomized, double-dummy study, 362 adult asthmatics (forced expiratory volume in one second 73.8% of predicted, inhaled glucocorticosteroid dose 960 µg·day −1 ) received single inhaler budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort® Turbuhaler®) 160/4.5 µg, two inhalations b.i.d. , or corresponding treatment with budesonide, or budesonide plus formoterol via separate inhalers. There was a greater increase in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) with single-inhaler (35.7 L·min −1 ) and separate-inhaler (32.0 L·min −1 ) budesonide and formoterol, compared with budesonide alone (0.2 L·min −1 ; p&lt;0.001, both comparisons); the effect was apparent after 1 day (p&lt;0.001 versus budesonide, both comparisons). Similarly, evening PEF, use of rescue medication, total asthma symptom scores and percentage of symptom-free days improved more with both single inhaler and separate inhaler therapy than with budesonide alone, as did asthma control days (∼15% more, p&lt;0.001 versus budesonide, both comparisons, with a marked increase in the first week). All treatments were well tolerated and the adverse event profile was similar in all three treatment groups. It is concluded that single inhaler therapy with budesonide and formoterol is a clinically effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with asthma that is not fully controlled by inhaled glucocorticosteroids alone.
791 VIROLOGIC RESPONSE RATES ARE SIMILAR IN PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED AND PREVIOUSLY TREATED AND RELAPSED PATIENTS RECEIVING BOCEPREVIR TRIPLE THERAPY: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: B.R. Bacon, F. Poordad, J.-P. Bronowicki, R. Esteban, S. Thompson, F. Helmond
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
CD28 disruption exacerbates inflammation in Tgf-β1-/- mice: in vivo suppression by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells independent of autocrine TGF-β1
Authors: Mizuko Mamura, WoonKyu Lee, Timothy J. Sullivan, Angelina Felici, Anastasia L. Sowers, James P. Allison, John J. Letterio
Journal: Blood (2004)
LORD LISTER AND THE EVOLUTION OF WOUND TREATMENT DURING THE LAST FORTY YEARS: BEING THE JAMES WATSON LECTURES DELIVERED AT THE FACULTY OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF GLASGOW IN FEBRUARY, 1906
Authors: H. C. Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1907)

OBJECTIVE--To use an enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique to assess frequency and disease specificity of anti-alpha-myosin antibodies in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and their relatives. METHODS--Evaluation was performed on sera (dilution 1/320) from 123 consecutive patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (WHO criteria) (age 42 (SD 14) years), 252 of their relatives (35 (17) years), 203 healthy controls (45 (16) years), and 92 patients with ischaemic heart disease (63 (11) years). RESULTS--Abnormal antibody levels were commoner in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (25, 20%) than in ischaemic heart disease (4, 4%), or normal controls (4, 2%, P = 0.001). Forty one (16%) of the relatives had abnormal results compared to the controls (4, 2%, P &lt; 0.001) and antibodies were detected in 20 (38%) of pedigrees. Relatives from non-familial kindreds had higher antibody levels than those with familial disease (P &lt;&lt; 0.001), and higher antibody levels were identified in 53 relatives of probands who had abnormal results compared to 116 relatives for whom the proband had a normal result (0.37 (SEM 0.02) v 0.22 (0.01); P &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS--The finding of anti-alpha-myosin antibodies in 20% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, in 16% of their asymptomatic relatives, and in 38% of families (particularly those with non-familial disease and where proband also had an abnormal result) provides additional evidence for autoimmunity against alpha myosin in a subset of patients.
Demonstration of a Primary Bone Tumor of the Breast by Technetium-99m Diphosphonate Bone Imaging
Authors: A B LUMSDEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Tc-99m diphosphonate bone imaging was performed to further investigate a high serum alkaline phosphatase activity in a patient believed to have a malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes of the right breast. The image initially was reported as showing an artifact in the region of the right chest wall. Following mastectomy, histologic findings revealed the tumor to be a primary osteogenic sarcoma of the breast. Review of the image showed the region of high activity to coincide in site and shape with the original mammographic lesion. Osteogenic sarcomas of the breast are rare, comprising only 10% of all breast sarcomas. Should bone scanning show high activity in the region of an unusual breast lesion, particularly when accompanied by high serum alkaline phosphatase? The possibility of an osteogenic sarcoma should be considered.
Fluorescent Treponemal-Antibody Absorption Tests
Authors: Denny L. Tuffanelli, Kirk D. Wuepper, Lynda L. Bradford, Ronald M. Wood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE association of systemic diseases, particularly diseases of immunologic aberration in patients with chronic false-positive nontreponemal tests for syphilis, has repeatedly been stressed.1 2 3 Newer treponemal tests, particularly those employing fluorescent-antibody methods, are modifying previous diagnostic tenets and changing concepts of the false-positive reaction. The Treponema pallidum immobilization test (TPI) is less sensitive than the fluorescent treponemal-antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS) in primary, secondary and late syphilis.4 , 5 A number of patients, considered to have false-positive reactions on the basis of a nonreactive TPI test, have been found to have reactive FTA-ABS tests. Because of the disparity in results we have restudied our . . .
Biotin dependency due to a defect in biotin transport
Authors: Rebecca Mardach, Janos Zempleni, Barry Wolf, Martin J. Cannon, Michael L. Jennings, Sally Cress, Jane Boylan, Susan Roth, Stephen Cederbaum, Donald M. Mock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

We describe a 3-year-old boy with biotin dependency not caused by biotinidase, holocarboxylase synthetase, or nutritional biotin deficiency. We sought to define the mechanism of his biotin dependency. The child became acutely encephalopathic at age 18 months. Urinary organic acids indicated deficiency of several biotin-dependent carboxylases. Symptoms improved rapidly following biotin supplementation. Serum biotinidase activity and Biotinidase gene sequence were normal. Activities of biotin-dependent carboxylases in PBMCs and cultured skin fibroblasts were normal, excluding biotin holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. Despite extracellular biotin sufficiency, biotin withdrawal caused recurrent abnormal organic aciduria, indicating intracellular biotin deficiency. Biotin uptake rates into fresh PBMCs from the child and into his PBMCs transformed with Epstein Barr virus were about 10% of normal fresh and transformed control cells, respectively. For fresh and transformed PBMCs from his parents, biotin uptake rates were consistent with heterozygosity for an autosomal recessive genetic defect. Increased biotin breakdown was ruled out, as were artifacts of biotin supplementation and generalized defects in membrane permeability for biotin. These results provide evidence for a novel genetic defect in biotin transport. This child is the first known with this defect, which should now be included in the identified causes of biotin dependency.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND DERivED MINIMAL LUMEN AREA COMPARED TO FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE: META–ANALYSIS
Authors: Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Marcos Roberto de Sousa, Bon Kwon Koo, Habib Samady, Hiram Bezerra, Antonio Ribeiro, Marco Costa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
THE USE OF A CONTROL POPULATION IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH (PSYCHIATRIC, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND EEG EVALUATION OF A HETEROGENEOUS SAMPLE)
Authors: ANN LAWLER BROCKWAY, GOLDINE GLESER, GEORGE WINOKUR, GEORGE A. ULETT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

A heterogeneous control group of 151 young men drawn from 4 different socioeconomic sources, and a group of 40 patients in whom manifest anxiety was the predominant symptom, were studied by psychological, psychiatric and electroencephalographic means. The 4 subgroups of the control sample were contrasted with each other and with the patients. The 4 control subgroups varied greatly and at a high level of statistical significance with regard to many psychological and psychiatric variables. Members of the total control group labeled by psychological and psychiatric means as emotionally unstable showed trends in their basic resting EEG similar to those found in the patient group. Many other indices often termed pathological occurred with equal or greater frequency among the controls than among the patients. These results suggest that controls from different occupational, social, and economic sources may vary greatly in their psychiatric and psychological characteristics and thus a single source cannot be considered a random sample of the normal population. It seems essential, therefore, that investigators consider rather carefully what factors might affect the variable being studied and choose their control sample so as to randomize such factors or else rule them out experimentally or statistically. Any control group used needs to be carefully described in terms of source, education, and other factors possibly affecting the investigation. Furthermore, this study re-emphasizes the danger of hypothesizing that certain psychological or physiological characteristics can be considered as evidence of neuropsychiatric disease solely on the basis of their known occurrence in a patient population.
Importance of EGFR/ERCC1 Interaction Following Radiation-Induced DNA Damage
Authors: Gianmaria Liccardi, John A. Hartley, Daniel Hochhauser
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in cellular response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy through modulation of DNA repair. EGFR activates DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) stimulating repair of DNA strand breaks (SB) and interstrand crosslinks (ICL). We investigated the role of EGFR in repair of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced SB independently of DNA-PK. Experimental Design: The EGFR interactome was investigated via mass spectrometry. IR-induced EGFR–ERCC1 binding was validated biochemically and via proximity ligation assay in different cell lines including the M059K and M059J glioma cell lines, proficient and deficient for the expression of DNAPKcs, respectively. EGFR–ERCC1 functional significance following IR-induced SB was investigated in knockdown experiments with the Comet and γH2AX foci assays. The effect of this interaction was tested with EGFR–ERCC1 knockdown in combination with gefitinib and NU7026 using the MTT and apoptosis assays. Results: This study demonstrates that EGFR inhibition further impairs IR-induced DNA repair in cells lacking expression of DNAPKcs or in combination with the DNAPK inhibitor NU7026. Our data suggest a role for EGFR in DNA repair independent of DNAPKcs but dependent on ERCC1. Alkaline comet and γH2AX foci assays in cells depleted of EGFR, ERCC1, or EGFR–ERCC1 expression demonstrated involvement of this interaction in DNA repair. Cellular survival and apoptosis data correlate with levels of residual DNA damage underlying the importance of this complex following SB. Conclusion: These data emphasize the importance of understanding the various mechanisms by which EGFR modulates DNA repair to optimize targeted therapy for patients with cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 20(13); 3496–506. ©2014 AACR.
Patterns of Care Studies: Creating “An Environment of Watchful Concern”
Authors: Craig C. Earle, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.979 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14597747 Patterns of Care Studies: Creating “An Environment of Watchful Concern” Craig C. EarlexCraig C. EarleSearch for articles by this author , Ezekiel J. EmanuelxEzekiel J. EmanuelSearch for articles by this author Show More 1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA2Department of Clinical Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.09.979 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Patterns of Care Studies: Creating “An Environment of Watchful Concern”." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(24), pp. 4479–4480© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Human body composition
Authors: Roger Eston
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1997)

It is common to explain human structure 
in terms of increasing organizational complexity ranging from atoms and molecules to 
the anatomical, described as a hierarchy of 
cell, tissue, organ, system and organism. Body 
composition can be viewed as a fundamental 
problem of quantitative anatomy, which may 
be approached at any organizational level, 
depending on the nature of the constituents1.1 AIMS
The aims of this chapter are to develop 
understanding in:body composition models; •
c h e m i c a l  v e r s u s  a n a t o m i c a l  •
parti tioning;
levels of validity and the underlying  •
assumptions of a variety of methods;
the theory and practice of the best-•
known techniques: underwater weighing, 
plethysmography;
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry,  •
skinfolds and bioelectric impedance;
the importance of body fat distribution  •
and how it is measured; and
sample specificity and the need for  •
cau tion in applying body composition 
equations.
Moving Forward on Reproductive Health
Authors: Allan Rosenfield, R. Alta Charo, Wendy Chavkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Reproductive health policy has been mired in debates over abortion and sexuality, leaving unresolved a cluster of reproductive health problems. Dr. Allan Rosenfield, R. Alta Charo, and Dr. Wendy Chavkin argue that reframing this cluster of issues in terms of public health might lead to real progress toward improving women's health.
Severe pulmonary hypertension: walking through new paths to revisit an old field
Authors: A.T. Dinh-Xuan, M. Humbert, R. Naeije
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Almost 10 yrs ago, a series of manuscripts on pulmonary hypertension appeared in the European Respiratory Journal 1–9. These in-depth reviews caused a great deal of interest in the readers as they covered various aspects of this unique condition, which causes hypertension in a region of the body in which the artery blood pressure should always remain low, as opposed to its systemic counterpart. Almost 10 yrs later, exciting new stories about the origin, mechanisms, identification and cure of this pulmonary disorder have slowly emerged that are certainly worth telling now.

One of …
Peak of the Season
Authors: Muhammed Ali Pate
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

On Being a Doctor1 January 1996Peak of the SeasonMuhammed Ali Pate, MDMuhammed Ali Pate, MDHoward University Hospital Washington, DC 20060Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It is a hot mid-September morning. The malaria season is at its peak. My office, which serves as the admissions and emergency room, is very hot and humid. A mother rushes in with her comatose six-year-old child. She is crying. Looks sick and pregnant herself. She talks. I do not understand. I am the doctor. Her last hope for the child. She looks tired and covered with dust. She must have traveled far. Probably from across the north bank of the river. Walked a bit. Rode on a mule cart part of the way. Waited a bit for the ferry ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Howard University Hospital Washington, DC 20060Corresponding Author: Muhammed Ali Pate, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University Hospital, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20060. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 69-69KeywordsBloodBlood sugarComaCombined antiretroviral therapyMalariaQuinineRiversSplenomegalyStiffnessTraditional medicine Issue Published: 1 January 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Sensitivity of K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia blast cells transfected with a human multidrug resistance cDNA to cytotoxic drugs and differentiating agents.
Authors: W N Hait, S Choudhury, S Srimatkandada, J R Murren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is refractory to most forms of cancer chemotherapy, but may be amenable to drugs that differentiate rather than kill leukemic cells. One mechanism implicated in resistance to cytodestructive drugs is overexpression of P-glycoprotein, the MDR1 gene product. While several classes of drugs sensitize multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells by interfering with the function of P-glycoprotein in vitro, few sensitizers have been effective in vivo. We have developed a preclinical model of MDR/CML uncomplicated by other mechanisms of drug resistance to evaluate the effects of MDR1 overexpression on cytodestructive and differentiation therapy and the ability of sensitizers to restore chemosensitivity in this disease. The CML-derived cell line K562 was transfected with a human MDR1 cDNA from the pHaMDR1/A expression vector and selected with vinblastine. Resistant K562 clones were 20-30-fold resistant to vinblastine, were cross-resistant to doxorubicin and etoposide, and remained sensitive to cytosine arabinoside, 6-thioguanine, hydroxyurea, and mechlorethamine. Resistance was associated with decreased cellular accumulation of cytotoxic drug and was reversed by cyclosporin A and trans-flupenthixol. The MDR phenotype did not adversely affect the ability of K562 cells to produce fetal hemoglobin in response to hemin, and was associated with increased responsiveness of cells to differentiate with cytosine arabinoside. Upon differentiation, the resistant clones increased MDR1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein. These studies suggest that the overexpression of the MDR1 gene in CML may not adversely affect the ability to undergo erythroid differentiation and that these resistant K562 cell lines are good models for studying drug resistance mediated by P-glycoprotein in CML.
THE PRESENT STATUS OF JEQUIRITY IN THE TREATMENT OF TRACHOMA.
Authors: WILLIAM CHEATHAM
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is my purpose in this short paper to give my personal experience only, in the use of jequirity in the treatment of the above affection; when used in picked cases, I know of nothing that will take its place. I have used it in all cases except the acute, with nothing but the best results. I have never seen an ulcer of the cornea follow its use. I have seen some few cases of xerosis after using jequirity, but none I could say positively depended upon, or was the direct after affect of, this medication. Several years ago one of my assistants, while squeezing a case of trachoma, was unfortunate enough to become inoculated. This case was a peculiar one from the beginning. His eyes stood no treatment well; his corneæ were extremely irritable; all the mydriatics produced increased corneal irritation; his eyes were made worse by all treatment.
Dose—response relationships for topically applied antigens
Authors: H.C. EUN, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Patch‐test responses to serially diluted nickel sulphate and potassium dichromate solutions in patients with nickel and chrome sensitivity were assessed by pulsed A‐scan ultrasound to determine skin thickness and laser‐Doppler flowmeter techniques to evaluate blood flow, as well as clinical scoring. There was a relationship between the dose of antigen and the test responses as measured by ultrasound and laser‐Doppler flowmeter techniques in both nickel and chrome sensitive patients. Our data suggest that both techniques may be useful in the detection of allergic contact dermatitis in which there is a doubtful patch‐test reaction as well as in experimental sensitization studies.
Current management of clubfoot (congenital talipes equinovarus)
Authors: J. Bridgens, N. Kiely
Journal: BMJ (2010)

#### Summary points

The standard treatment of clubfoot has changed greatly in the past 10 years. Previously, extensive surgery was common in children born with this condition. The publication of long term evidence of good outcomes with more minimally invasive methods, such as the Ponseti technique, has led surgeons worldwide to change their approach. Ponseti treatment consists of sequential plasters and prolonged bracing, with minor surgical procedures. 

This clinical review describes clubfoot and its current management. It is particularly aimed at general readers who are non-specialists but may be involved in the care of patients with this condition. The evidence underpinning this review is largely observational. Although the Ponseti method was first described over 30 years ago, it is only since the publication of long term outcomes of case series that it has been widely adopted.

#### Sources and selection criteria

No Cochrane reviews or other systematic reviews are available on the treatment of clubfoot. We searched PubMed for English language peer reviewed articles on clubfoot using search terms that included “clubfoot”, “Ponseti”, “surgical release clubfoot”, and “external fixator clubfoot”. We also used standard texts on the management of clubfoot.

Clubfoot, also known as congenital talipes equinovarus, is a developmental deformity of the foot. It is one of the most common birth deformities with an incidence of 1.2 per 1000 live births each year in the white population.1 Clubfoot is twice as common in boys and is bilateral in …