tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sequential nitric oxide measurements during the emergency department treatment of acute vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis
Authors: Bernard L. Lopez, Linda Davis-Moon, Samir K. Ballas, Xin-liang Ma
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

This prospective study was designed to examine the relationship between serial serum nitric oxide (NO) levels and pain during the emergency department (ED) treatment of acute vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis (SCC). 102 patient visits, age ≥18 years of age, presenting to the ED with uncomplicated, typical SCC pain had serum NO levels obtained at 2-hr intervals during treatment of pain and were measured using an NO-specific chemiluminesence technique. Pain was measured prior to each NO measurement using a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS), and subjects were divided into a persistent pain group and an improved pain group. Patients with persistent pain had significantly low initial NO levels (11.51 μM ± 2.8, P < 0.05) while those with pain improvement had higher initial NO levels (18.1 μM ± 3.08, P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between changes in NO and changes in pain scores. These results suggest that the initial NO level may serve as a marker for the severity of tissue ischemia. Sequential NO levels do not appear useful in predicting the course of SCC. Am. J. Hematol. 64:15–19, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
New Public Health Service Regulations on Human Experimentation
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

AFTER three years of experience in administering the program, the United States Public Health Service has promulgated the first significant revision of its 1966 guidelines concerning the use of human subjects in Public Health Service-supported extramural research, demonstration, and training projects and contracts.1 The revised guidelines provide important clarification and amplification of the earlier provisions. In the main, however, they do not change the objectives or the basic philosophy of the program.2 Protection of the welfare of research subjects continues to be the keynote of the entire program.It is made clear that the guidelines apply to all research involving . . .
Hemoglobin A_1 and Serum Glucose Concentrations
Authors: A. LAURENCE KENNEDY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 July 1980Hemoglobin A1 and Serum Glucose ConcentrationsA. LAURENCE KENNEDY, M.B., THOMAS J. MERIMEE, M.D.A. LAURENCE KENNEDY, M.B.Search for more papers by this author, THOMAS J. MERIMEE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-1-147_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Conventional wisdom has it that hemoglobin (Hb)A1 reflects average glycemia during the preceding several weeks in diabetic patients (1). We believe that data from our diabetic outpatient clinic support the assertion by Boden and colleagues (2) that HbA1 levels are disproportionately representative of high rather than average glucose concentrations.Through 1 year we measured HbA1by column chromatography (3) in 63 diabetic patients on a total of 192 occasions. Each sample was assayed twice and the mean obtained. Figure 1 shows these HbA1values in relation to the corresponding fasting serum glucose levels. For higher levels of...References1. BUNNGABBAYGALLOP HKP. The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus. Science. 1978;200:21-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BODENMASTERGORDONSHUMANOWEN GRSCO. Monitoring metabolic control in diabetic outpatients with glycosylated hemoglobin. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92:357-60. LinkGoogle Scholar3. WELCHBOUCHER SB. A rapic micro-scale method for the measurement of haemoglobin A1 (a + b + c). Diabetologia. 1978;14:209-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCFARLANDCATALANODAYTHORPEBAYNES KEJSJ. Nonenzymatic glucosylation of serum proteins in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 1979;28:1011-14. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KENNEDYMEHLMERIMEE ATT. Nonenzymatically glycosylated serum protein: spurious elevation due to free glucose in serum. Diabetes. 1980;29:In press. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32610 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1980Volume 93, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 147-148KeywordsAttentionChromatographyGlucoseHemoglobinOutpatient clinics Issue Published: 1 July 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Making and Breaking of Affectional Bonds
Authors: Kate Robertson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Consisting of seven lectures that John Bowlby gave between 1956 and 1977, this book introduces and explores subjects that are still at the forefront of child and adolescent psychiatry today. It is impossible to overestimate Bowlby’s influence on subsequent psychiatric research and practice. The acknowledged “father of attachment theory,” he focused on child development, though his interests were far wider. 

A clear thinker with a dislike of jargon, he could quote Oscar Wilde (“Each man kills the thing he loves”), Shakespeare (“Give sorrow words”), or (rather alarmingly) George Bernard Shaw (“Never hit a child except in hot blood”). Bowlby had …
Investigation and treatment of constrictive pericarditis
Authors: M. K. A. Dayem, F. M. Wasfi, H. H. Bentall, J. F. Goodwin, W. P. Cleland
Journal: Thorax (1967)

Twenty-six patients with constrictive pericarditis have been investigated and treated—by surgical in addition to medical methods in 22, and by medical management alone in four. A tuberculous aetiology was proved in only two patients but was probable in 10 others. One patient developed constriction of the heart following a stab wound, which caused a haemopericardium, and one after organization of a pericardial cyst. In the remainder no cause was found. The clinical features and diagnostic criteria are described, with emphasis on cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography. Operative results are given: two patients died after the operation, and the results are compared with other series. All surviving patients were improved: greatly in 13 and moderately in three. Four patients had a poor result due to long-standing myocardial disorder, and so we stress the importance of early operation, with reference to illustrative cases. Conversely, the practicability of treating certain patients by medical means alone is demonstrated. The criteria for operation are discussed with reference to repeated cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography.
Octachlorodipropyl ether (s-2) mosquito coils are inadequately studied for residential use in Asia and illegal in the United States.
Authors: Robert I Krieger, Travis M Dinoff, Xiaofei Zhang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Children and their parents in residences are often protected by insecticides from nuisance and disease-bearing mosquitoes. The annual worldwide consumption of the four major types of residential insecticide products--aerosols, mosquito coils, liquid vaporizers, and vaporizing mats--is in the billions of units. Mosquito coils are burned indoors and outdoors in East Asia and to a limited extent in other parts of the world, including the United States. Coils consist of an insecticide/repellant, organic fillers capable of burning with smoldering, binder, and additives such as synergists, dyes, and fungicide. The number of coil users in China is in the millions. In Indonesia alone, an estimated seven billion coils are purchased annually. Coils containing pyrethroid insecticides, particularly d-allethrin, may contain octachlorodipropyl ether (S-2, S-421) as a synergist or active ingredient. Use of those coils likely exposes children and adults to some level of bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME). BCME is formed from formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride, combustion products formed from the slow smoldering (about 8 hr/coil) of the mosquito coils. Because BCME is an extremely potent lung carcinogen, the nature and extent of prolonged exposures that recur in homes during the mosquito season in tropical regions must be evaluated with respect to health. In a small analytical study, coils purchased in Indonesia and in the United States contained highly variable amounts of S-2. Some coils that contained S-2 were not labeled, making it impossible for consumers to make an informed decision about coil contents. Mosquito coils containing S-2 are unregistered, and their use is illegal in the United States. Indoor air monitoring under conditions that represent conditions of use in tropical settings and epidemiology to assess health impacts of coil use are essential to permit responsible regulatory decisions regarding continuing S-2 use.
The Intestinal Stoma: Indications, Operative Methods, Care Rehabilitation
Authors: Edward L. Felix
Journal: JAMA (1979)

K. Peter Kretschmer, a practicing surgeon in Seattle, dedicates his book "To my father, who shares the fate of all stoma patients." His interest and broad knowledge of stomas and the stoma patient is personal and well demonstrated in this short book. Questions many physicians and patients ask about stomas are answered. The book opens with a complete historical review of stomas; a brief but excellent section on stomal physiology follows. Changes that occur in the bowel after an ostomy are explained in physiological terms and are geared to the clinician's understanding. The chapters on the indications for intestinal stomas, as well as the complications that sometimes occur are detailed and clear. Indications for jejunostomies, ileostomies, and colostomies in malignant, inflammatory, and congenital conditions in all age groups are discussed. Kretschmer states his opinions and draws heavily from Brooke and Turnbull, in particular, for when to create a stoma and
Cytomegalovirus infection is associated with increased inflammation and severe bile duct damage in rat liver allografts
Authors: Timi Martelius, Leena Krogerus, Krister Höckerstedt, Cathrien Bruggeman, Irmeli Lautenschlager
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

It has been suggested that cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is involved in allograft rejection. In liver transplantation, it has been suggested that CMV is associated with the development of vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS), and persistent CMV has been found in liver grafts that develop chronic rejection. In this experimental study, the effect of rat CMV (RCMV) infection on intragraft changes was investigated in a rat model of acute liver allograft rejection. Liver transplantations were performed in a rat strain combination of PVG (RT1 c ) → BN (RT1 n ). No immunosuppression was given. One group of animals was infected with RCMV Maastricht Strain (10 5 plaque-forming units, intraperitoneally), and another group was left uninfected. The grafts were examined histologically after the rats were killed on postoperative days 7 through 9 at the early phase and days 20 through 30 at the late phase of rejection. Immunohistochemical studies were performed to demonstrate the immunological activation markers major histocompatibility complex class II and interleukin 2 receptors, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and their ligands. RCMV infection was demonstrated from the grafts by culture and direct antigen detection. In liver allografts undergoing acute rejection, CMV significantly increased portal inflammation and caused more severe bile duct damage than in the uninfected grafts. CMV was also linked to the induction of VCAM-1 in the endothelial cells. The ongoing infection was found to vary over time in the different structures of the liver grafts, including the vascular endothelium and bile ducts. Our results support an association between CMV infection and the immunological mechanisms of rejection, as well as the role of CMV in the development of bile duct damage in liver allografts.
Prevention of venous thromboembolism with low molecular-weight heparin in patients with multiple myeloma treated with thalidomide and chemotherapy
Authors: M C Minnema, I Breitkreutz, J J A Auwerda, B van der Holt, F W Cremer, A M W van Marion, P H M Westveer, P Sonneveld, H Goldschmidt, H M Lokhorst
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Biological and Immunological Characterization of a Human Liver Immunoregulatory Protein
Authors: Gabriele E. Schrempf-Decker, Diethard P. Baron, Norbert W. Brattig, Hermann Bockhorn, Peter A. Berg
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

The liver immunoregulatory protein (LIP) was originally characterized as human liver-derived soluble factor which inhibited the alloantigen and phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of human lymphocytes (1). Soluble extracts prepared under the same experimental conditions from kidney, spleen, heart, lymph nodes, and erythrocytes did not exert any inhibitory activity (2). The purpose of this study was to characterize the immunobiological properties of LIP. In the primary one-way mixed lymphocyte culture, LIP depressed the generation of suppressor T cells which inhibited the lymphocyte proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin or alloantigens. In addition, LIP suppressed in primary mixed lymphocyte culture the induction of cytotoxic T cells and memory cells as determined by cell-mediated lympholysis and secondary mixed lymphocyte culture, respectively. In the presence of LIP, the concanavalin A-mediated induction of suppressor T cells, the pokeweed mitogen-induced IgG synthesis in vitro and the cytolytic activity of K cells reacting in the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity were also inhibited. Cytotoxic effects could be excluded since the viability of human lymphoblastoid cells, hepatocytes, and allogeneically stimulated lymphocytes was not affected by LIP. LIP was shown to be different from other liver-derived substances like acute phase proteins, immunoregulatory a-globulins, C-reactive protein, lipoproteins, and F antigen. Furthermore, LIP is not identical to other serum components like the immunoregulatory rosette inhibition factor and the serum inhibitory factor (3). However, the characteristics described herein strongly indicate that LIP is very similar to the liver extract described by Chisari (4) and the liver-derived inhibitory protein (LIP) described by Grol and Schumacher (5). With respect to the function in vivo, LIP could be an inherent part of the liver-located immune system, and one could postulate that LIP might be involved in the regulatory mechanisms which permit the emergence of autoaggressive responses and increased injury of hepatocytes.
Marked Lung Uptake of Tc-99m HMPAO in a Polysubstance-Abusing Marijuana and Tobacco Smoker
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, JUAN J. CARMONA, JOHN J. COUPAL, JONG-KANG LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Tc-99m HMPAO uptake has been demonstrated in smokers' lungs. The presumable localization in the pulmonary microvascular endothelium is due to the dysfunction of amine metabolism in the tobacco injured endothelium. It has been shown that marijuana smoking injures the airway more than tobacco smoking. The authors present the case of a 28-year-old man, a polysubstance abusing marijuana and tobacco smoker, whose Tc-99m HMPAO lung imaging showed severe uptake in both lungs, the lung/liver uptake ratio was 1.325. The lung uptake of Tc-99m HMPAO in the marijuana smoker may reflect lung injury from smoking marijuana that may serve as a sensitive marker of marijuana smoking induced lung injury.
Commission proposes new rules for deciding doctors' fitness to practise
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A new, simplified test for the General Medical Council and other regulators in deciding whether a health professional’s fitness to practise is impaired has been recommended in a wide ranging review commissioned by the UK government.

The joint review by the law commissions of England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland proposes a single statute to create a uniform framework for the 10 regulators of healthcare in the UK.

The consultation paper recommends that the statute should spell out a “paramount duty” governing all the regulators, although views are sought on two alternative wordings.

The duty could be “to protect, promote and maintain …
Ignorance about listeria.
Authors: B. Facinelli, P. E. Varaldo, M. Toni, C. Casolari, U. Fabio
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Whatever genuine differences there may be within the medical profession about the treatment of breast cancer I think that all women who develop thiv disease have the right to be fully informed, without prejudice, of all of the treatment options that are available.
Asthma Following the 2001 World Trade Center Attack—Reply
Authors: James L. Hadler, Robert M. Brackbill, Lorna E. Thorpe
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IMPORTANCE OF AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT ON STROKE VOLUME INDEX IN LOW FLOW SEVERE AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS
Authors: Jordi S. Dahl, Kristian Wachtell, Lars Videbaek, Mikael K. Poulsen, Nicolaj Christensen, Rasmus Carter-Storch, Jacob Møller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Correlation between insulin receptor binding in isolated fat cells and insulin sensitivity in obese human subjects.
Authors: L C Harrison, F I Martin, R A Melick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

This study examined the relationship between receptor binding of insulin in a metabolically significant target tissue in vitro and sensitivity to insulin in vivo in obese human subjects. Specific insulin binding was measured at 24 degrees C in isolated enlarged fat cells obtained from 16 patients, by observing the effect of increasing concentrations of unlabeled insulin on the binding of [125I]insulin. Scratchard plots of the binding data were curvilinear with an upward concavity, similarity shaped, and essentially parallel. Kinetic studies on the dissociation of [125I]insulin from fat cells indicated that these curvilinear Scratchard plots could be explained by the presence of site:site interactions of the negative cooperative type. Differences in binding between individual patients were predominantly due to differences in the numbers of receptor sites whether expressed in relation to cell number, cell volume, or cell surface area. These findings were not accounted for by differences in [125I]insulin degradation. Acute exposure of adipose tissue to insulin in vitro had no significant effect on [125I]insulin binding to isolated cells. The number of receptor sites was directly correlated with insulin sensitivity in vivo, measured as the rate constant (Kitt) for the fall in blood glucose after intravenous insulin, and was inversely correlated with the level of fasting plasma insulin. These findings corroborate those from other studies using human mononuclear leukocytes and various tissues from the obese mouse, which indicate that decreased insulin binding is a characteristic feature of insulin resistance in obesity.
What's new in animal models of amnesia?
Authors: Rebecca D. Burwell, Howard Eichenbaum
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

In general, we endorse Aggleton &amp; Brown's thesis that the neuroanatomy of amnesia comprises two functionally distinct systems, but we are disappointed in the lack of detail regarding the critical functional contribution of the hippocampus. We also take issue with the characterization of the cortical areas surrounding the hippocampus, particularly the decreased emphasis on the cortical input to the hippocampus.
Increased susceptibility to liver injury in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice involves NKG2D-ligand interaction and natural killer cells
Authors: Yongyan Chen, Haiming Wei, Rui Sun, Zhongjun Dong, Jian Zhang, Zhigang Tian
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The innate immunopathogenesis responsible for the susceptibility to hepatocyte injury in chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers is not well defined. In this study, hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice (named HBs-Tg) were oversensitive to liver injury after immunologic [polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid or concanavalin A (ConA)] or chemical (CCl4) triggering. It was then found that the nonhepatotoxic low dose of ConA for wild-type mice induced severe liver injury in HBs-Tg mice, which was dependent on the accumulated intraheptic natural killer (NK) cells. Expressions of NKG2D ligands (Rae-1 and Mult-1) in hepatocytes were markedly enhanced upon ConA stimulation in HBs-Tg mice, which greatly activated hepatic NK cells via NKG2D/Rae-1 or Mult-1 recognition. Interestingly, the presence of NK T cells was necessary for NK cell activation and worked as positive helper cell possibly by producing interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 in this process.Our findings for the first time suggested the critical role of NKG2D recognition of hepatocytes by NK cells in oversensitive liver injury during chronic HBV infection.
Antipyretic treatment for feverish young children in primary care
Authors: A. Harnden
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To describe the population of women in southwestern Ontario who were diagnosed with potentially preventable <i>BRCA</i> mutation–related breast cancer. <h3>Design</h3> Retrospective chart review. <h3>Setting</h3> The Cancer Genetics Clinic of the London Regional Cancer Program in London, Ont. <h3>Participants</h3> Patients younger than 52 years of age who were referred to the London Regional Cancer Program Cancer Genetics Clinic between 1997 and 2007 for <i>BRCA</i> testing after being diagnosed with breast cancer (N = 1017). <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> The proportion of women with <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> gene mutations and the proportion of women who would have qualified, based on family cancer history, for referral for genetic counseling and testing before their breast cancer diagnoses. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 1017 women referred for <i>BRCA</i> testing, 63 women younger than 52 years of age who had been diagnosed with breast cancer were found, subsequent to this diagnosis, to have <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> gene mutations. Of these, 41 (65%) had family cancer histories that would have qualified them for genetic counseling and testing, according to provincial criteria, before their own breast cancer diagnoses. Of the 63 women, most (81%) had been referred for <i>BRCA</i> gene mutation testing by their oncologists or surgeons. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our results suggest that the diagnosis of breast cancer could have been anticipated, and perhaps in some cases prevented, in up to two-thirds of high-risk women younger than 52 years of age in southwestern Ontario. If the high-risk status of these women had been recognized, they might have had the opportunity to choose genetic counseling, testing, more effective cancer surveillance, and potentially preventive options. The results of this study call for increased public and care provider awareness about hereditary breast cancer risk to promote women’s ability to choose to access genetic counseling.