tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prolonged Survival of Free Tumor Fragments
Authors: W. Bradford Patterson, Helen R. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE accidental implantation of malignant cells or tumor fragments during cancer surgery is receiving increasing attention as a cause of tumor recurrence.1 2 3 4 Experimental approaches to the study of tumor-cell dissemination all indicate the ease and frequency with which this accident may occur.5 6 7 This would not be an important problem if tumor cells with no blood supply were rapidly killed by anoxia. However, if they can survive until a new plasmatic or vascular circulation has been established, they may be an important cause of failure in cancer surgery.The problems of cell survival are also of significance in experimental tumor transplantation. . . .
Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling and Their Role in Human Breast Cancer.
Authors: W. Sasi, W. Jiang, A. Sharma, K. Mokbel
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract BACKGROUND:Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) are important negative feedback regulators of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and have been recently investigated for their role in the development of different cancers. In this study, we examined the expression of SOCS 1-7 genes in normal and breast cancer tissue and correlated this with several clinico-pathological and prognostic factors.PATIENTS AND METHODS:SOCS 1-7 mRNA extraction and reverse transcription were performed on breast cancer tissue samples (n= 127) and normal background breast tissue (n= 31). Transcript levels of expression were determined using real-time PCR and analyzed against TNM stage, tumour grade and clinical outcome over a 10 year follow-up period.RESULTS:SOCS 1,4,5,6 and 7 expression decreased with increased TNM stage (TNM1 vs. TNM3 p= 0.039, TNM1 vs. TNM4 p= 0.016, TNM1 vs. TNM3 p= 0.012 and TNM1 vs. TNM3 p= 0.044 respectively). SOCS 2 and 3 expression decreased with increased Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (NPI1 vs. NPI3 p=0.033 and NPI2 vs. NPI3 p=0.041 respectively). SOCS-7 expression decreased with higher tumour grade (Grade 3 vs. Grade 2 p=0.037). After a median follow up period of 10 years, we found higher levels of SOCS 1, 2 and 7 expression among those patients who remained disease-free compared to those who developed local recurrence (p= 0.0073, p= 0.021 and p= 0.039 respectively). Similarly, we found higher levels of SOCS 2, 4 and 7 expression in those who remained disease-free compared to those who developed distant recurrence (p= 0.022, p=0.024 and p= 0.033 respectively). Patients who remained disease-free had higher levels of SOCS 1 and 2 expression compared to those who died from breast cancer (p= 0.02 and p=0.033 respectively). The disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) curves showed that higher levels of SOCS 1, 3 and 7 were significant predictors of higher DFS (p=0.015, p=0.024 and p=0.03 respectively) and OS (p=0.005, p=0.013 and p= 0.035 respectively). Higher levels of SOCS 4 were significant in predicting better OS (p=0.007) but not DFS.CONCLUSIONHigher mRNA expression levels of SOCS 1, 3, 4 and 7 are significantly associated with earlier tumour stage and better clinical outcomes in human breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3157.
Event Rates, Hospital Utilization, and Costs Associated with Major Complications of Diabetes: A Multicountry Comparative Analysis
Authors: Philip M. Clarke, Paul Glasziou, Anushka Patel, John Chalmers, Mark Woodward, Stephen B. Harrap, Joshua A. Salomon
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

Diabetes imposes a substantial burden globally in terms of premature mortality, morbidity, and health care costs. Estimates of economic outcomes associated with diabetes are essential inputs to policy analyses aimed at prevention and treatment of diabetes. Our objective was to estimate and compare event rates, hospital utilization, and costs associated with major diabetes-related complications in high-, middle-, and low-income countries.
Squawks in pneumonia
Authors: R Paciej
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Squawks are short inspiratory wheezes that have been described in hypersensitivity pneumonitis and other fibrotic disorders. Little attention has been paid to the fact that they also occur in patients with pneumonia. In the course of studying the correlation of automated lung sound analysis with disease states in patients at a community teaching hospital, we noticed that squawks appeared to be more common in patients with pneumonia than we expected. We therefore examined the occurrence of squawks more systematically in 500 subjects who had been examined with a multichannel lung sound analyser (Stethographics Model STG-1602), as previously described.1

Seventy eight of the subjects in this population had a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. All participants had been asked to breathe more deeply than normal with their mouths open. Two 20 second samples were taken. The Institutional Review Board of the Faulkner Hospital approved the study. Two experienced observers, blinded to the clinical diagnosis, used playback and waveform displays to identify squawks. They were defined according to the criteria initially described by Earis et al and adopted by CORSA.2,3 All channels from each subject were replayed and the waveforms of …
Identification of an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopic peptide from human dystrophin: application in duchenne muscular dystrophy gene therapy
Authors: F Ginhoux, C Doucet, M Leboeuf, F.A Lemonnier, O Danos, J Davoust, H Firat
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Dystrophin-based gene therapy treatments aimed at correcting the Duchenne muscular dystrophy phenotype require stable expression of normal dystrophin (DYST) protein in myocytes without immune responses, which would compromise long-term expression. To predict cytotoxic T-cell-mediated responses elicited by transgenes, we used here H-2-negative HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice and identified human DYST epitopes, which elicit HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T cell activities. Among a series of eight peptides predicted from the human DYST sequence, not shared with the endogenous mouse DYST sequence, four of them were able to bind to HLA-A*0201 molecules and to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. After human DYST DNA transfer in muscle of HLA-A*0201 mice, only the human DYST1281 epitope, located in the spectrin-like repeat 9 domain, induced strong CD8+ CTL responses. Using the corresponding human DYST1281 peptide/HLA-A*0201 tetramer, we detected human DYST1281-specific CD8+ T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs and blood of HLA-A*0201 mice injected with human DYST DNA. Our results demonstrate that muscle injection with human DYST DNA systematically triggers CTL responses against this HLA-A*0201-restricted human DYST1281 peptide, which is present in long human DYST isoforms. Identification of such immunodominant human DYST epitopes and use of peptide/HLA tetramers will allow the immunomonitoring of CTL responses in HLA-phenotyped Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients undergoing gene therapy. Finally, the knowledge of HLA-A*0201-restricted human DYST peptides will be of importance to test, in mouse models, new immunomodulatory interventions allowing long-term engraftment of human dystrophin.
Describing Physician Language Fluency
Authors: Lisa C. Diamond, Daniel S. Reuland
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differentiation and CD2 3 expression of peripheral blood monocytes in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: C. BUCKLEY, M.H.A. RUSTIN, C. IVISON, L.W. POULTHR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Summary In this study we investigate the expression of the low affinity immunoglobulin F (IgE) receptor (FceRII) on plastic-adherent leucocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from patients with AD. normal controls (and in one study from a group of atopic asthmatic patients). Monocyles were separated by 2-h adherence to plastic. These cells were then cultured for up to 7 days. Cells were harvested at time 0 (after adherence), and after S and 7 days culture, and cytospins were prepared. The proportion of cells expressing the phenotype of antigen presenting cells (monoclonal antibodies (mAb) RFD1+). and mature phagocytes (mAb RFD7+) together with CD23, were evaluated using combination staining with immunoperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase methods. It was found that a significantly larger proportion of circulating adherent cells in AD patients expressed the RFD1 antigen, and that increases in the proportion of these adherent cells expressing RFD1 or RFD7 occurred faster as cells matured in culture, when compared with cells obtained from normal controls. By day 7, however, equivalent proportions of RFD1+ and RFD7+ cells were present in AU and control cultures. None the less, expression of the CD23 molecule was consistently present on a larger proportion of both RED1+ and RFD7+ cells from AD patients compared with controls. The raised proportion of circulating RFD1+ cells found in AD was not present in samples from atopic asthmatics, while the raised expression of CD23 on these cells occurred in samples from both these groups. These data support the suggestion that abnormalities in peripheral blood adherent cell phenolype, maturation, and CD23 expression, occur in AD patients. Some of these observations may be related to atopy in general rather than being specific for this skin disease.
The BMJ's own patient journey
Authors: T. Richards, F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> To analyze (1) the effect of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from patients with anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)–associated disorder on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells and (2) the positivity of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) antibodies in MOG-Ab–associated disorders. <h3>Methods</h3> IgG was purified from sera with patients with MOG-Ab–associated disorder in the acute phase (acute MOG, n = 15), in the stable stage (stable MOG, n = 14), healthy controls (HCs, n = 9), and disease controls (DCs, n = 27). Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were incubated with IgG, and the number of nuclear NF-κB p65-positive cells in BMECs using high-content imaging system and the quantitative messenger RNA change in gene expression over the whole transcriptome using RNA-seq were analyzed. GRP78 antibodies from patient IgGs were detected by Western blotting. <h3>Results</h3> IgG in the acute MOG group significantly induced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and increased the vascular cell adhesion molecule 1/intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression/permeability of 10-kDa dextran compared with that from the stable MOG and HC/DC groups. RNA-seq and pathway analysis revealed that NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress (NQO1) play key roles. The NQO1 and Nrf2 protein amounts were significantly decreased after exposure to IgG in the acute MOG group. The rate of GRP78 antibody positivity in the acute MOG group (10/15, 67% [95% confidence interval, 38%–88%]) was significantly higher than that in the stable MOG group (5/14, 36% [13%–65%]), multiple sclerosis group (4/29, 14% [4%–32%]), the DCs (3/27, 11% [2%–29%]), or HCs (0/9, 0%). Removal of GRP78 antibodies from MOG-IgG reduced the effect on NF-κB nuclear translocation and increased permeability. <h3>Discussion</h3> GRP78 antibodies may be associated with BBB dysfunction in MOG-Ab–associated disorder.
RABIES VACCINATION FOR POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Albert Milzer
Journal: JAMA (1952)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —Considerable publicity has been given recently in the lay press to the use of rabies vaccination for prophylaxis of poliomyelitis. Since rabies vaccine has the possible hazard of producing allergic encephalomyelitis in vaccinated persons, it should obviously be used only when there are proved indications. The following immunologic studies of the relationship between the poliomyelitis and rabies viruses were carried out in my laboratory.Groups of Swiss mice were vaccinated at weekly intervals with three intraperitoneal injections (0.5 cc.) of ultraviolet irradiated poliomyelitis or rabies vaccines. The irradiated poliomyelitis and rabies vaccines were completely inactivated and prepared as previously (J. Immunol. 50:317 and 331, 1945). On the 21st day after the first vaccination, the mice were given approximately 10 and 100 LD50 units of the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus or fixed rabies virus. In a series of three experiments involving over 200 mice, no
NOTE ON A CASE OF LIPOID NEPHROSIS: PART I.--CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL
Authors: H. Moore, W. R. O'Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1930)

THE term nephrosis was first suggested in 1905 hy Friederick Mullerl; it is usually employed noiwadays to" distinguish a bilateral degeinerative an(l m-lainly tubular (liffuse renal lesion in contirast witlh nephritis, whiclh is limited to diffuse inflammatory anid proliferative ki-dney chlianges.Valuable contributiains to the problemi of iwphrosis were miiadte from 1913 onwards by Munk,2 Volihard and Fahlr,3 4 Epstein,5 Elwin, 6 and otllers.In 1914 a special lipoid form of eliphrosis wvas described bv Volhard and F?albr, aid hlas since received a good deal of attentioni, the following eharacteristics being defined.
Leukemia and Lymphoma in the Nervous System
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The title of the book is rather misleading, because the text deals exclusively with these illnesses in children and almost exclusively with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The book covers a number of areas, among which must be counted some important and valuable chapters such as those on the neurotoxicity due to leukemia therapy and the other chapters dealing with treatment. Unfortunately most of the rest, dealing with diagnosis and pathology, can hardly be classified as new. There are some curious omissions, such as the complete lack of discussion of the immunologic aspects of leukemia, the occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with blood dyscrasias, and the not infrequent coexistence of fungal infections of the nervous systems, in particular cryptococcosis. This, however, may be due to the fact that the volume covers only the complications of the disease occurring in children. Nevertheless, the implications of the title would suggest that these
Psychiatric Disorders and Sexual Functioning
Authors: C. A. PINDERHUGHES, E. BARRABEE GRACE, L. J. REYNA
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The responses of 18 psychiatrists and 122 psychiatric inpatients to a questionnaire survey at a Boston hospital showed that most psychiatrists and 20 to 50 percent of the patients believed that sexual functioning might contribute to psychiatric disorders, that most psychiatric disorders might interfere with sexual functioning, and that sexual activity might retard recovery. The authors stress the need for more precise, hard data and clearer definitions of the physiological mechanisms involved in various sexual patterns and psychiatric disorders.
A Critical Analysis of the Concept and Discourse of ‘Unborn Child’
Authors: Laurence B. McCullough, Frank A. Chervenak
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

Despite its prominence in the abortion debate and in public policy, the discourse of ‘unborn patient’ has not been subjected to critical scrutiny. We provide a critical analysis in three steps. First, we distinguish between the descriptive and normative meanings of ‘unborn child.’ There is a long history of the descriptive use of ‘unborn child.’ Second, we argue that the concept of an unborn child has normative content but that this content does not do the work that opponents of abortion want it to do, namely, to establish the independent moral status of fetuses and their rights, the right to life in particular. Third, we argue that the normative content of ‘unborn child’ should be dependent moral status, not independent moral status. We conclude that the ethical concept of the fetus as a patient should replace the discourse of “unborn child” when that phrase is used normatively.
Five year survival from breast cancer is lower in deprived areas, says UK report
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Women living in deprived areas of the United Kingdom are less likely to survive breast cancer because their illness is diagnosed at a later stage than it is among women in the most affluent areas, warns a new report.

The report details how the route to diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, and survival, is affected by women’s level of deprivation. It was produced by the National Cancer Intelligence Network, a UK initiative to drive up standards in care of patients with cancer.

Survival at five years among women living in the UK’s most deprived areas who presented with symptoms of breast cancer was 68%, a fifth lower than survival among women in the least deprived areas (83%).

But the results also showed a marked relation between breast cancer incidence and deprivation, with 14-17% of breast cancers being diagnosed in …
Trials of Ebola vaccine set to begin in west Africa
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Phase II trials of the two most advanced vaccines against Ebola virus disease will begin in west Africa in the next two to four weeks, the World Health Organization has announced.Marie-Paule Kieny, assistant director general at WHO, told a press briefing on 9 January that safety trials had been successfully conducted on the two vaccines: cAd3-ZEBOV, a chimpanzee derived adenovirus vaccine developed by GlaxoSmithKline, and rVSV-ZEBOV, now licensed to Merck.Kieny told journalists that 2014 would be remembered as the year that the Ebola virus challenged humanity, "but 2015 will be remembered as the year that humanity used its best scientific minds and fought back.
Isotretinoin for the treatment of acne vulgaris: which factors may predict the need for more than one course?
Authors: J.M. STAINFORTH, A.M. LAYTON, J.P. TAYLOR, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Isotretinoin for the treatment of acne vulgaris: which factors may predict the need for more than one course? Get access J.M. STAINFORTH, J.M. STAINFORTH Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M. LAYTON, A.M. LAYTON Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. TAYLOR, J.P. TAYLOR Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFE W.J. CUNLIFFE Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 3, 1 September 1993, Pages 297–301, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11850.x Published: 01 September 1993 Article history Accepted: 01 March 1993 Published: 01 September 1993
Accelerated Angina Pectoris
Authors: PATRICK J. SCANLON, RIMGAUDAS NEMICKAS, JOHN F. MORAN, JAMES V. TALANO, FIROUZ AMIRPARVIZ, ROQUE PIFARRE
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Eighty-five patients with accelerated (preinfarction) angina are reported. Six suffered acute myocardial infarction awaiting catheterization and coronary angiography, so were not studied. Seventy-nine had coronary arteriography and other angiographic and hemodynamic studies. Fifteen of these 79 patients had normal coronary arteriograms; 64 had significant coronary artery obstruction. The clinical manifestations in 64 abnormal patients did not differ from those with normal arteriograms. Hemodynamic abnormalities correlated with the severity of arteriographic abnormalities. Of 70 patients with coronary artery disease, including the six not studied because of infarction, 48 were treated surgically with a mortality of 12.5%. Mortality for those 22 patients treated without surgery was 27%. Mortality could be correlated with certain risk factors: (1) congestive heart failure; (2) more than three-vessel coronary disease; (3) left ventricular end-diastolic pressure &gt; 12 mm Hg; (4) cardiac index &lt;2.7 liters/min/m 2 ; (5) stroke index &lt;35 ml/beat/m 2 ; (6) estimated cardiac work (mean aortic pressure x cardiac index) &lt;240 units; and (7) ejection fraction &lt;0.50. Cardiac catheterization and angiography were performed without major complications in 97% of patients.
Should I Study Medicine?
Authors: Edward D. Churchill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE question asked in my title is in the minds of thousands of young Americans as they are assembling in preparatory schools and colleges during the month of September. The findings of commissions, panels and groups of experts who have predicted a growing medical manpower shortage in America are familiar to all and need no repetition. Nor shall I repeat the jeremiads of the deans of medical schools that applicants in general do not measure up in either quantity or quality to those of a decade ago. Without discounting their importance I shall not dwell on the economic factors, easily . . .
Throat Culture Processing
Authors: J. H. Ransom
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I have followed with interest the letters by Drs. Mondzac and Tubbs (<b>201</b>:781, 1967) concerning throat culture processing in the office, and I cannot help feeling that we are not taking advantage of methods which have recently proved to be preferable for mass screening for streptococcal illness to those described. I refer to fluorescent antibody screening for group A β-hemolytic streptococci infections offered on a city-wide or state-wide basis. The article by Jackson et al (<b>197</b>:385, 1966) details the method of identifying streptococcal pharyngitis in rural practice as currently used in Colorado. This is an inexpensive and perfectly feasible way of providing culture benefits to all doctors. It does not require the private physician to operate his own laboratory at prohibitive expense, nor does it require that he attempt to screen his patients by means of "vest pocket cultures." After the Colorado experience was published,