tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Platelet surface glycoproteins. Studies on resting and activated platelets and platelet membrane microparticles in normal subjects, and observations in patients during adult respiratory distress syndrome and cardiac surgery.
Authors: J N George, E B Pickett, S Saucerman, R P McEver, T J Kunicki, N Kieffer, P J Newman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The accurate definition of surface glycoprotein abnormalities in circulating platelets may provide better understanding of bleeding and thrombotic disorders. Platelet surface glycoproteins were measured on intact platelets in whole blood and platelet membrane microparticles were assayed in cell-free plasma using 125I-monoclonal antibodies. The glycoproteins (GP) studied were: GP Ib and GP IIb-IIIa, two of the major intrinsic plasma membrane glycoproteins; GMP-140, an alpha-granule membrane glycoprotein that becomes exposed on the platelet surface following secretion; and thrombospondin (TSP), an alpha-granule secreted glycoprotein that rebinds to the platelet surface. Thrombin-induced secretion in normal platelets caused the appearance of GMP-140 and TSP on the platelet surface, increased exposure of GP IIb-IIIa, and decreased antibody binding to GP Ib. Patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome had an increased concentration of GMP-140 and TSP on the surface of their platelets, demonstrating in vivo platelet secretion, but had no increase of platelet microparticles in their plasma. In contrast, patients after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass demonstrated changes consistent with membrane fragmentation without secretion: a decreased platelet surface concentration of GP Ib and GP IIb with no increase of GMP-140 and TSP, and an increased plasma concentration of platelet membrane microparticles. These methods will help to define acquired abnormalities of platelet surface glycoproteins.
The Value of Monitoring Pulmonary Artery Pressure for Early Detection of Left Ventricular Failure Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: BARRY D. RUTHERFORD, WILLIAM D. MCCANN, T. PAUL B. O'DONOVAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Flow-directed catheters recorded serial changes in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PA) every 4 to 6 hours in 25 patients during the first 4 or 5 days following acute myocardial infarction. On the basis of the PA on admission, patients were divided into three groups. Patients in group 1 had normal PA (10-20 mm Hg) and maintained a stroke volume index (SVI)&gt;35 ml/min/m 2 , a pulmonary artery oxygen saturation (MVSO 2 )&gt;70%, and a normal cardiac index, arterial oxygen saturation, p H, and P CO CO2 . They developed only minor arrhythmias, no heart failure, and none died. Group 3 consisted of one patient with abnormally low PA (&lt;10 mm Hg) who was hypovolemic. Group 2, those patients with elevated PA (&gt;20 mm Hg) who maintained this elevation over the first 48 hours of monitoring, or showed progressive elevation prior to this, had SVI&lt;35 ml/min/m 2 , MVSO 2 &lt;70%, cardiac index&lt;3 liters/min/m 2 , arterial desaturation, and respiratory alkalosis. They demonstrated clinical evidence of heart failure, had major arrhythmias, and 25% died. Three patients with elevated PA on admission spontaneously returned this pressure to normal over the first 48 hours of monitoring. Each of these patients maintained normal hemodynamics and had a good prognosis. PA was always elevated prior to the usual clinical signs of left ventricular failure. We conclude that PA provides a reliable early objective measure of left ventricular failure and is, therefore, an excellent guide to therapy.
Review: Spacers and nebulizers for delivery of β<sub>2</sub>-agonists do not differ for clinical outcomes in acute asthma
Authors: Francis Thien
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

ACP Journal Club18 February 2014Review: Spacers and nebulizers for delivery of β2-agonists do not differ for clinical outcomes in acute asthmaFrancis Thien, MDFrancis Thien, MDMonash University and Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (F.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-160-4-201402180-02009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCates CJ, Welsh EJ, Rowe BH. Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(9):CD000052. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24037768Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Emergency Med: Hospitalists: Allerg & Immunol: Pulmonology: References1 Mazhar SH, Ismail NE, Newton DA, Chrystyn H. Relative lung deposition of salbutamol following inhalation from a spacer and a Sidestream jet nebulizer following an acute exacerbation. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;65:334-7. [PMID: 17922883] Google Scholar2 Rottier BL, Rubin BK. Asthma medication delivery: mists and myths. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2013;14:112-8. [PMID: 23522986] Google Scholar3 Blake K, Madabushi R, Derendorf H, Lima J. Population pharmacodynamic model of bronchodilator response to inhaled albuterol in children and adults with asthma. Chest. 2008;134:981-9. [PMID: 18583517] Google Scholar4 Selroos O, Pietinalho A, Riska H. Delivery devices for inhaled asthma medication. Clinical implications of differences in effectiveness. BioDrugs (Clinical Immunotherapeutics) 1996;6:273−99. Google Scholar5 Beigel JH, Farrar J, Han AM, et al; Writing Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Human Influenza A/H5. Avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:1374-85. [PMID: 16192482] Google Scholar6 Salyer JW, DiBlasi RM, Crotwell DN, Cowan CA, Carter ER. The conversion to metered-dose inhaler with valved holding chamber to administer inhaled albuterol: a pediatric hospital experience. Respir Care. 2008;53:338-45. [PMID: 18291050] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Monash University and Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (F.T.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 February 2014. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAsthma in pregnancy: Physiology, diagnosis, and management 18 February 2014Volume 160, Issue 4Page: JC9KeywordsAsthmaChildrenHospitalizationsLungsOropharynxSmooth musclesSteroids ePublished: 18 February 2014 Issue Published: 18 February 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A NEW RECTAL ENEMATOR.
Authors: DUDLEY ROBERTS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In the treatment of the different forms of chronic constipation no measure is so uniformly successful as the systematic injection of oil into the rectum. It may, indeed, be said that this method is indispensable in the cure of the spastic form of constipation. Since the elaborate study of this method of treatment by Fleiner and Kusmaul in 1892 it has gradually grown in favor. There is, however, one serious objection to this method of cure; while patients realize its value they constantly complain that the taking of the oil is exceedingly annoying. By all the heretofore practised methods of injection there has been the bother of warming the oil and pouring it into the reservoir and the very trying experience of having the oil spill from the container or run from the rectal tube after its withdrawal from the anus. Now as success depends on the persistence with which
Cardioprotective c-kit+ cells are from the bone marrow and regulate the myocardial balance of angiogenic cytokines
Authors: S. Fazel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Clinical trials of bone marrow stem/progenitor cell therapy after myocardial infarction (MI) have shown promising results, but the mechanism of benefit is unclear. We examined the nature of endogenous myocardial repair that is dependent on the function of the c-kit receptor, which is expressed on bone marrow stem/progenitor cells and on recently identified cardiac stem cells. MI increased the number of c-kit+ cells in the heart. These cells were traced back to a bone marrow origin, using genetic tagging in bone marrow chimeric mice. The recruited c-kit+ cells established a proangiogenic milieu in the infarct border zone by increasing VEGF and by reversing the cardiac ratio of angiopoietin-1 to angiopoietin-2. These oscillations potentiated endothelial mitogenesis and were associated with the establishment of an extensive myofibroblast-rich repair tissue. Mutations in the c-kit receptor interfered with the mobilization of the cells to the heart, prevented angiogenesis, diminished myofibroblast-rich repair tissue formation, and led to precipitous cardiac failure and death. Replacement of the mutant bone marrow with wild-type cells rescued the cardiomyopathic phenotype. We conclude that, consistent with their documented role in tumorigenesis, bone marrow c-kit+ cells act as key regulators of the angiogenic switch in infarcted myocardium, thereby driving efficient cardiac repair.
Weighing in on obesity's nature-versus-nurture debate
Authors: Stacie Bloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Nearly two-thirds of Americans are overweight or obese, and the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in children has doubled in the past 25 years. Better knowledge of the genetics of obesity combined with adherence to healthier dietary rules can equip Americans with what is needed to fight this trend. J. Phan and K. Reue now report that lipin is another gene involved in determining a person's susceptibility to weight gain (1). Mice with higher levels of lipin gain twice as much weight as do normal mice when both are fed a diet high in fat. But people cannot put all the blame on their genes alone. Accordingly, former Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson announced on January 12, 2005, that the US Department of Agriculture's food pyramid has been redesigned. Americans are now encouraged to consume more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and less fat, calories, and sodium. The new guidelines also call for exercise and emphasize weight management. Research examining eating behaviors and fat storage are still in their infancy but are already proving to be extraordinarily complex processes. Getting people to stick to the new food guidelines may turn out to be less successful.
Genetic basis of the latex-fruit syndrome: Association with HLA class II alleles in a Spanish population
Authors: Carlos Blanco, Florentino Sánchez-García, María-José Torres-Galván, Antonio G. Dumpierrez, Lourdes Almeida, Javier Figueroa, Nancy Ortega, Rodolfo Castillo, María-Dolores Gallego, Teresa Carrillo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
The Abortion Decisions: The Supreme Court as Moralist, Scientist, Historian and Legislator
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THERE is a constant fascination in all men concerning power and authority. One of the most successful of all human organizations in gathering to itself these vaunted objectives in modern times has been the Supreme Court of the United States. In two now very famous decisions, Roe vs. Wade1 and Doe vs. Bolton,2 these nine men have again displayed their prowess in this field.By a strong majority (seven to two) the Court has struck down the abortion-control laws of most of the states as unconstitutional on the basis of their invasion of the privacy of the pregnant woman. The . . .
Problems in retrieving national data on births: questionnaire survey
Authors: L. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1998)

ache. 2 Bed rest was commonly practised despite having no value in the prevention of headache. 5 Treatment of established headache after lumbar puncture includes hydration, analgesics, vasopressin, and caffeine.More invasive techniques include the installation of saline or autologous blood into the epidural space.The latter procedure (epidural blood patching) has a success rate of 90% with only minor short term sequelae.Very few of the departments in our study said that they would consider this option within the first 72 hours, although early use is strongly advocated in anaesthetic circles.This may be because other causes of the headache are more likely or because the patient has a fever, which precludes blood patching.However, epidural blood patching would be considered by a good proportion of neurologists after 72 hours.We thank all those who took the time and effort to respond to our questionnaire.
What to Advise Patients About HerniasADVISING PATIENTS ABOUT HERNIAS
Authors: Edward H. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Kamal M. F. Itani, MD; Kwan Hur, PhD; Lawrence T. Kim, MD; Thomas Anthony, MD; David H. Berger, MD, MHCM; Domenic Reda, PhD; Leigh Neumayer, MD; for the Veterans Affairs Ventral Incisional Hernia InvestigatorsBackground: Laparoscopic repair of ventral incisional hernias has not been proved to be safer than open mesh repair.Design: Prospective randomized trial conducted between February 1, 2004, to January 31, 2007.Setting: Four Veterans Affairs medical centers.Participants: One hundred sixty-two patients with ventral incisional hernias.Interventions: Standardized laparoscopic or open repair.Main Outcome Measures: Overall complication rates at 8 weeks and the odds of complications, adjusted for study site, body mass index, and hernia type.Results:: Of the 162 randomized patients, 146 underwent surgery (73 open and 73 laparoscopic repairs). Complications were less common in the laparoscopic group (23 patients [31.5%]) compared with the open repair group (35 patients [47.9%]; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22-0.91; P = .03). Surgical site infection through 8 weeks was less common in the laparoscopic group (5.6% vs 23.3%; AOR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.6). The mean worst pain score in the laparoscopic group was 15.2 mm lower on a visual analog scale at 52 weeks (95% CI, 1.0-29.3; P = .04). Time to resume work activities was shorter for the laparoscopic group than for the open repair group (median, 23.0 days vs 28.5 days), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.54 (95% CI, 0.28-1.04; P = .06). Overall recurrence at 2 years was 12.5% in the laparoscopic group and 8.2% in the open repair group (AOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.5-4.7; adjusted P = .44).Conclusions: Laparoscopic repair was associated with fewer, albeit more severe, complications and improved some patient-centered outcomes.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00240188
Liability insurance for slander and libel
Authors: V. M. O'Hern
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of a Millipore Filter on Complications of Intravenous Infusions: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: J. Collin, D. E. F. Tweedle, C. W. Venables, F. L. Constable, I. D. A. Johnston
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The Millipore filter unit has been advocated as a means of reducing the chance of bacteria entering the circulation during intravenous infusion. In a prospective study no significant reduction was obtained in the incidence of thrombophlebitis or in the bacterial contamination of cannulae. The unit was inconvenient to use and in-vitro and in-vivo studies showed reduced flow rates and frequent episodes of filter blockage. Its use was further restricted by the fact that blood and fat emulsions would not pass through it.
Assessment of Incremental Dosage Regimen of Combined Oestrogen-Progestogen Oral Contraceptive
Authors: I. A. Brosens, W. B. Robertson, F. A. Van Assche
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Eighty-six women of proved fertility used an incremental dosage regimen of a combined oral contraceptive for a total of 570 cycles over one year. A daily tablet containing 50 μg of ethinyloestradiol and 50 μg D-norgestrel was taken for 11 days and a daily tablet containing 50 μg ethinyloestradiol and 125 μg D-norgestrel for the next 10 days. Withdrawal bleeding occurred during the tabletfree interval of seven days. The new preparation proved to be an efficient contraceptive, well tolerated, and with few side effects. Women who had gained weight while taking other oral contraceptives lost weight when they changed to the new preparation. The regimen allowed a significant reduction in the cycle dose of progestogen, and these results suggest that a further reduction in the cycle dose of both oestrogen and progestogen may be possible without losing contraceptive efficiency.
Chimeric Rat/Human HER2 Efficiently Circumvents HER2 Tolerance in Cancer Patients
Authors: Sergio Occhipinti, Laura Sponton, Simona Rolla, Cristiana Caorsi, Anna Novarino, Michela Donadio, Sara Bustreo, Maria Antonietta Satolli, Carla Pecchioni, Cristina Marchini, Augusto Amici, Federica Cavallo, Paola Cappello, Daniele Pierobon, Francesco Novelli, Mirella Giovarelli
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Despite the great success of HER2 vaccine strategies in animal models, effective clinical results have not yet been obtained. We studied the feasibility of using DNA coding for chimeric rat/human HER2 as a tool to break the unresponsiveness of T cells from patients with HER2-overexpressing tumors (HER2-CP). Experimental Design: Dendritic cells (DCs) generated from patients with HER2-overexpressing breast (n = 28) and pancreatic (n = 16) cancer were transfected with DNA plasmids that express human HER2 or heterologous rat sequences in separate plasmids or as chimeric constructs encoding rat/human HER2 fusion proteins and used to activate autologous T cells. Activation was evaluated by IFN-γ ELISPOT assay, perforin expression, and ability to halt HER2+ tumor growth in vivo. Results: Specific sustained proliferation and IFN-γ production by CD4 and CD8 T cells from HER2-CP was observed after stimulation with autologous DCs transfected with chimeric rat/human HER2 plasmids. Instead, T cells from healthy donors (n = 22) could be easily stimulated with autologous DCs transfected with any human, rat, or chimeric rat/human HER2 plasmid. Chimeric HER2-transfected DCs from HER2-CP were also able to induce a sustained T-cell response that significantly hindered the in vivo growth of HER2+ tumors. The efficacy of chimeric plasmids in overcoming tumor-induced T-cell dysfunction relies on their ability to circumvent suppressor effects exerted by regulatory T cells (Treg) and/or interleukin (IL)-10 and TGF-β1. Conclusions: These results provide the proof of concept that chimeric rat/human HER2 plasmids can be used as effective vaccines for any HER2-CP with the advantage of being not limited to specific MHC. Clin Cancer Res; 20(11); 2910–21. ©2014 AACR.
Abnormal Menstrual Bleeding-Reply
Authors: Albert Altchek
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemodynamic Effects of Hypovolemia in Normal Subjects and Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: R. H. MURRAY, L. J. THOMPSON, J. A. BOWERS, E. F. STEINMETZ, C. D. ALBRIGHT
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Five young normal subjects (NS) and six middle-aged patients with chronic, low-output, congestive heart failure (HFP) were studied before and after 10 minutes of exposure to hypovolemia induced by negative pressure (30 mm Hg) applied to the lower body. ECG, respirometer, and catheters placed in the subclavian artery and superior vena cava permitted measurements of heart rate (HR), respiration rate, arterial and central venous pressures (CVP), and cardiac output (CO). In the group of NS, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) rose moderately, while CVP fell 4.3 mm Hg; CO, stroke volume (SV), stroke work (SW), and central blood volume (CBV) fell about 20%, whereas blood pressure and HR showed little change. In the group of HFP, control hemodynamic values were generally abnormal. In four patients the response to hypovolemia was similar to that of NS. Two patients with advanced heart failure showed no change or a rise in CO, SV, and SW in the face of a fall in CVP (3.1 and 3.7 mm Hg), no change or a fall in SVR, and a rise in CBV. It is concluded that HFP does not respond to hypovolemia in a consistent manner. Certain patients with advanced failure demonstrated abnormal responses to induced hypovolemia, the causes for which are complex.
EQUINE ANTIHAPTEN ANTIBODY
Authors: John H. Rockey, Norman R. Klinman, Fred Karush
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Anti-p-azophenyl-beta-lactoside (Lac) antibody has been isolated from equine antiserum by specific precipitation with Lac-HSA (human serum albumin) and Lac-Hy (hemocyanin). Antibody was separated from antigen by chromatography on DEAE cellulose and zone electrophoresis in solvents containing lactose. Six antigenically distinct immunoglobulins have been identified in purified equine anti-Lac antibody: 7S beta(2A)-globulin, 19S gamma-globulin, a 10S gamma(1) globulin, and three antigenically distinct 7S gamma-globulins. The specific hapten-binding activity of the 7S beta(2A)-antibody and of the 10S gamma(1)-antibody has been demonstrated by equilibrium dialysis and by analytical ultracentrifugation using a combination of schlieren and absorption optics. The 10S gamma(1)-globulin antibody may be representative of a hitherto undescribed class of immunoglobulins.