tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short- and Intermediate-Term Clinical Outcomes From Direct Myocardial Laser Revascularization Guided by Biosense Left Ventricular Electromechanical Mapping
Authors: Ran Kornowski, Donald S. Baim, Jeffrey W. Moses, Mun K. Hong, Roger J. Laham, Shmuel Fuchs, Robert C. Hendel, Deborah Wallace, David J. Cohen, Robert O. Bonow, Richard E. Kuntz, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Direct myocardial revascularization (DMR) has been examined as an alternative treatment for patients with chronic refractory myocardial ischemic syndromes who are not candidates for conventional coronary revascularization. Methods and Results —We used left ventricular electromagnetic guidance in 77 patients with chronic refractory angina (56 men, mean age 61±11 years, ejection fraction 0.48±0.11) to perform percutaneous DMR with an Ho:YAG laser at 2 J/pulse. Procedural success (laser channels placed in prespecified target zones) was achieved in 76 of 77 patients with an average of 26±10 channels (range 11 to 50 channels). The rate of major in-hospital cardiac adverse events was 2.6%, with no deaths or emergency operations, 1 patient with postprocedural pericardiocentesis, and 1 patient with minor embolic stroke. The rate of out-of-hospital adverse cardiac events (up to 6 months) was 2.6%, with 1 patient with myocardial infarction and 1 patient with stroke. Exercise duration after DMR increased from 387±179 to 454±166 seconds at 1 month and to 479±161 seconds at 6 months ( P =0.0001). The time to onset of angina increased from 293±167 to 377±176 seconds at 1 month and to 414±169 seconds at 6 months ( P =0.0001). Importantly, the time to ST-segment depression (≥1 mm) also increased from 327±178 to 400±172 seconds at 1 month and to 436±175 seconds at 6 months ( P =0.001). Angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification) improved from 3.3±0.5 to 2.0±1.2 at 6 months ( P &lt;0.001). Nuclear perfusion imaging studies with a dual-isotope technique, however, showed no significant improvements at 1 or 6 months. Conclusions —Percutaneous DMR guided by left ventricular mapping is feasible and safe and reveals improved angina and prolonged exercise duration for up to a 6-month follow-up.
Percutaneous exposure of medical students to HIV
Authors: D. B. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A preliminary survey of 42 fourth-year medical students at Cornell University Medical College found that 21% of the students (95% confidence interval, 9% to 34%) reported being stuck by an HIV-contaminated needle during the third and fourth years of medical school. Seventy-four percent believed their school had not adequately taught them what to do after a needle-stick injury, and half of them would not seek the services of the school's student health clinic. If the risk of infection following percutaneous exposure to HIV approaches seroconversion rates seen in prospective studies, then medical students are experiencing a serious occupational exposure. More research in this area is clearly necessary, but immediate steps should be taken by medical colleges to address the risks among medical students and implement appropriate training and safeguards.
Significance of rest technetium-99m sestamibi imaging for the prediction of improvement of left ventricular dysfunction after q wave myocardial infarction: importance of infarct location adjusted thresholds
Authors: Christian A Schneider, Eberhard Voth, Sybille Gawlich, Frank M Baer, Michael Horst, Harald Schicha, Erland Erdmann, Udo Sechtem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Anti‐interleukin (IL)‐4 and ‐IL‐5 antibodies downregulate IgE and eosinophilia in mice exposed to <i>Aspergillus</i> antigens
Authors: V.P. Kurup, P. S. Murali, J. Guo, H. Choi, B. Banerjee, J. N. Fink, R. L. Coffman
Journal: Allergy (1997)

The effect of multiple divided doses compared with single‐dose injections of antibodies to murine interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐5 in their respective downregulation of IgE and eosinophilia developing in a model of allergic aspergillosis is investigated. BALB/c mice were exposed to Aspergillus fumigatus antigens (Af) before and along with anticytokine antibodies. The kinetics of blood eosinophils, eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in bone‐marrow cells, scrum levels of IgE and Af‐specific antibodies, Af‐induced cytokine production and mRNA, and lung histology were studied. The results indicate that only multiple anti‐IL‐5 antibodies were effective in maintaining baseline levels of blood eosinophils. Multiple anti‐IL‐4 antibodies also downregulated eosinophils in the bone marrow, lung, and peripheral blood, although to a lesser extent than in anti‐IL‐5 antibody‐injected mice. Significant correlation between the EPO activity and the eosinophil numbers in anticytokine antibody‐treated mice was observed. The different anti‐IL‐4 antibody treatments downregulated IgE to the same extent. We conclude that multiple divided doses of anti‐IL‐5 antibodies arc required to sustain normal eosinophil levels in murine allergic aspergillosis. This information may be significant in the therapy of pulmonary allergic diseases.
Combining Cep290 and Mkks ciliopathy alleles in mice rescues sensory defects and restores ciliogenesis
Authors: Rivka A. Rachel, Helen L. May-Simera, Shobi Veleri, Norimoto Gotoh, Byung Yoon Choi, Carlos Murga-Zamalloa, Jeremy C. McIntyre, Jonah Marek, Irma Lopez, Alice N. Hackett, Matthew Brooks, Anneke I. den Hollander, Philip L. Beales, Tiansen Li, Samuel G. Jacobson, Raman Sood, Jeffrey R. Martens, Paul Liu, Thomas B. Friedman, Hemant Khanna, Robert K. Koenekoop, Matthew W. Kelley, Anand Swaroop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Cilia are highly specialized microtubule-based organelles that have pivotal roles in numerous biological processes, including transducing sensory signals. Defects in cilia biogenesis and transport cause pleiotropic human ciliopathies. Mutations in over 30 different genes can lead to cilia defects, and complex interactions exist among ciliopathy-associated proteins. Mutations of the centrosomal protein 290 kDa (CEP290) lead to distinct clinical manifestations, including Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), a hereditary cause of blindness due to photoreceptor degeneration. Mice homozygous for a mutant Cep290 allele (Cep290rd16 mice) exhibit LCA-like early-onset retinal degeneration that is caused by an in-frame deletion in the CEP290 protein. Here, we show that the domain deleted in the protein encoded by the Cep290rd16 allele directly interacts with another ciliopathy protein, MKKS. MKKS mutations identified in patients with the ciliopathy Bardet-Biedl syndrome disrupted this interaction. In zebrafish embryos, combined subminimal knockdown of mkks and cep290 produced sensory defects in the eye and inner ear. Intriguingly, combinations of Cep290rd16 and Mkksko alleles in mice led to improved ciliogenesis and sensory functions compared with those of either mutant alone. We propose that altered association of CEP290 and MKKS affects the integrity of multiprotein complexes at the cilia transition zone and basal body. Amelioration of the sensory phenotypes caused by specific mutations in one protein by removal of an interacting domain/protein suggests a possible novel approach for treating human ciliopathies.
The cellular origins of the linear IgA disease target antigens: an indirect immunofluorescence study using cultured human keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Authors: J. Allen, T.T. Phan, M.A. Hughes, G.W. Cherry, F. Wojnarowska
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article The cellular origins of the linear IgA disease target antigens: an indirect immunofluorescence study using cultured human keratinocytes and fibroblasts Get access J. Allen, J. Allen Department of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.T. Phan, T.T. Phan The Wound Healing Institute, The Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A. Hughes, M.A. Hughes The Wound Healing Institute, The Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.W. Cherry, G.W. Cherry The Wound Healing Institute, The Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Wojnarowska F. Wojnarowska Department of Dermatology and Professor F. Wojnarowska. E‐mail: Fenella.Wojnarowska@orh.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 5, 1 May 2003, Pages 945–953, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05313.x Published: 01 May 2003 Article history Accepted: 26 November 2002 Published: 01 May 2003
PNEUMONIA OF THE AGED.
Authors: ROBERT H. BABCOCK
Journal: JAMA (1899)

This paper is presented with no expectation of its offering anything new, but because the importance of the subject should lend it interest. This importance arises from the fact that  is far more prevalent among old people than is generally supposed, while the mortality for which it is responsible is so great that  the language of William Osler, pneumonia may be said to be the natural end of old people  this country. Moreover, the phraseology of the title pneumonia of the aged rather than in the aged was chosen because of my conviction that the form which so mercilessly strikes down those already enfeebled by senility is due to the pneumococcus and not to an extension of bronchitis. We have been so accustomed to think of the intimate association of old age and bronchitis  the causation of catarrhal  that I fear the statement  the foregoing sentence will impress many as extreme. For years my conception
Genetic interactions in thalassemia intermedia: Analysis of β‐Mutations, α‐Genotype, γ‐Promoters, and β‐LCR hypersensitive sites 2 and 4 in Italian patients
Authors: C. Camaschella, U. Mazza, A. Roetto, E. Gottardl, A. Parzlale, M. Travl, S. Fattore, D. Bacchlega, G. Fiorelli, M.D. Cappellinl
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract In order to verity the genetic factors influencing the clinical expression of β‐thalassemla we have studied 292 Kalian patients, 165 with thalassemia intermedia and 127 with thalassemia major. The β‐globin gene mutations were defined in all cases. The number of α‐globin genes and the integrity of specific control regions of the β‐globin cluster—γ promoters and β‐Locus Control Region (β‐LCR)—were studied in selected cases. Homozygosity for mild mutations (group I) accounts for 24% of the intermedia patients and it is not represented among major patients. Forty‐four percent of intermedia patients had combinations of mild/severe (group II) mutations and 32% had homozygosity or double heterozygosity for severe mutations (group III). Seventy‐six percent of patients with thalassemia major were classified in group III end 24% in group II. Deletion type —α 3.7 thalassemia, assessed in a part of the cases, was found in 5% of thalassemia major and 19.5% of Intermedia patients in groups II and III. Structural analysis of γ promoters and β‐LCR HS2 and HS4 regions, carried out in order to look for alterations associated with Hb F increase, did not reveal new mutations. Only rare polymorphic changes were observed at the HS2 and HS4 level. The − 158 γ C T change was found with an increased incidence in intermedia patients in groups II and III. A subset of 10 β‐thalassemia heterozygotes with mild intermedia phenotype resulted from coinheritance of a triplicated α‐locus. We have been unable to find a molecular basis for the benign clinical course in approximately 20% of patients with thalassemia intermedia. Other genetic or acquired factors must be hypothesized which ameliorate the clinical condition.
Medical charities and prevention.
Authors: M F Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1980)

research or anything else, the public will not give their money.And how can a charity raise money without explaining what it does?Fortunately for the medical research charities in this country, many members of the public who give so generously to these activities seem to take a much more balanced view of the role of research into prevention and treatment or cure than that represented in your leading article.
THE RELATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS TO SURGICAL LESIONS.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Read to the Section of Surgery and Anatomy of the American Med. Association, May, 1884. The positive demonstration of the important factorage of bacterial growths in surgical lesions would seem no longer wanting. The recognition of this in the evolution of the systems of modern wound treatment is apparent. The ill effects of the retention in wounds and cavities of the secretions contaminated with putrefactive bacteria have long been recognized, yet, it has remained for modern investigators to demonstrate that this ill effect is owing to germ development. It would have appeared easy of inference, that this was due in some way to atmospheric, and since the knowledge of the causes of fermentation, to a particulate organic infection, since very severe lesions, attended with abundant exudation, commonly recover without suppuration, when the skin covering the wound is unbroken. When these exudations undergo fermentation from the growth therein of micro-organisms, there
Anaphylaxis Associated With Chymopapain Injections-Reply
Authors: Walter W. Whisler
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  A postmarketing surveillance survey of over 70,000 injections performed by Smith Laboratories, reported an associated lower frequency of anaphylaxis under local anesthesia v under general anesthesia (0.4% v 0.6%, respectively) (product information letter, Smith Laboratories, June 1, 1984, p 3). The postmarketing surveillance forms are filled out in the operating room by the physician and anesthesiologist. The error of this type of reporting lies in the fact that all cases of allergic reaction are not   so, although the anesthesiologist may have termed them anaphylactic reactions, in reality, they might have been allergic reactions.  There is no doubt that there is more polypharmacy involved with general anesthesia than local anesthesia, and, with the use of a large number of drugs, the chance for an allergic reaction is higher than with the use of a smaller number of drugs. Because of the nature of the procedures, a larger
Points: Dally, O'Donnell, and the GMC
Authors: F E Weale
Journal: BMJ (1987)

recognised or treated properly.As there is no widely accepted treatment for myalgic encephalomyelitis as an "organic" disorder it is important to recognise and treat any reversible illness, particularly if patients face "a long period of physical incapacity ... from ten to twenty years."'Physical and psychological assessment of patients with suspected myalgic encephalomyelitis may help to prevent more suicides in patients with this disorder.' 1 Ramsay AM.Post-viral fatigue syndrome: the saga of Royal Free disease.
A Critical Analysis of RBRVS
Authors: Joseph A. Troncale
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To  Editor.  —Dr Maloney's analysis of RBRVS 1 makes an important point apparently not appreciated by  author. He states that  of  four highest reimbursement rates are in medical, not surgical, specialties: dermatology... gastroenterology... and cardiology.  I am sure that Maloney as well as other astute readers of  article realizes that  three nonsurgical specialties mentioned are certainly procedure-oriented specialties and as such are reimbursed in a similar fashion to traditional surgical specialties.  My point is that if Maloney wishes to attack RBRVS based on, as he states in his abstract, the erroneous perception that procedurists are reimbursed at a higher rate than cognitive practitioners, then he has refuted his own argument with his own data.
Incidence of and mortality from cancer in hypertensive patients.
Authors: D J Hole, V M Hawthorne, C G Isles, S M McGhee, J W Robertson, C R Gillis, J A Wapshaw, A F Lever
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVES--To assess incidence of and mortality from cancer in hypertensive patients taking atenolol, comparing the findings with two control populations and with hypertensive patients taking other drugs. DESIGN--Retrospective analysis of patients first seen in the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic between 1972 and 1990. Patients9 records were linked with the registrar general9s data for information on mortality and with the West of Scotland Cancer Registry for information on incident and fatal cancers. Cancers were compared in patients and controls and in patients taking atenolol, beta blockers other than atenolol, and hypotensive drugs other than beta blockers. SUBJECTS--6528 male and female patients providing 54,355 years of follow up. SETTING--Hypertension clinic in Glasgow. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Observed numbers of cancers in clinic patients were compared with expected numbers derived from cancer rates in two control populations adjusted for age, sex, and time period of data collection. RESULTS--Cancer mortality was not significantly different in clinic patients as a whole and controls. Incident and fatal cancers were not significantly increased in male or female patients taking atenolol. Cancer incidence did not rise in the clinic after a large increase in prescriptions for atenolol after 1976. CONCLUSION--This analysis does not suggest a link between atenolol and cancer.
Bronchoalveolar mast cells in extrinsic asthma
Authors: A J Wardlaw, A B Kay
Journal: BMJ (1985)

exudate, which was present in 30% of these streptococcal and 18% of the non-streptococcal sore throats.Using Bayes' theorem, as de Dombal and his group have taught us, more extensive information of this kind will enable us to make confident clinical diagnoses in sore throats.Bain, Morton, and I have published other illustrations of the palatal papules with a brief discussion of our views on the sign.'
Hepatitis C virus genome complexity correlates with response to interferon therapy: A study in French patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: B Le Guen, G Squadrito, B Nalpas, P Berthelot, S Pol, C Brechot
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Recent studies performed in Japan have suggested that hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome heterogeneity might be taken as a predictive virological parameter of response to interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) treatment. However, there is presently no information on the impact of this virological parameter in patients from Western countries infected by different HCV genotypes. We have investigated this issue by using amplification of HCV E2 hypervariable region 1, followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism assay (PCR-SSCP). We have studied 95 French patients infected with various genotypes and treated with IFN-alpha-2b. We analyzed the impact of the following parameters by univariate and multivariate analyses: HCV heterogeneity, HCV genotype, viral load, and liver histology in response to therapy. Age >40 years (P < .01), viral load >35 x 10(5) Eq/mL (P < .01), genotype 1 (P < .01), and a number of SSCP bands >3 (P < .001) were significantly associated with nonresponse or relapse; cirrhosis was associated with nonresponse. In multivariate analysis, three variables were independently associated with the absence of long-term response: SSCP bands >3, genotype 1, and viral load >35 x 10(5) with odds ratios of 19, 7.5, and 11.8, respectively. Our data establish the major importance of HCV genome heterogeneity in patients infected with both HCV types associated with low (genotype 1b) or high (genotype 3a) response to IFN-alpha.
Paediatricians tell press they are innocent
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The two consultant paediatricians who ran the children's ward in the British hospital where nurse Beverley Allitt murdered four children and injured nine others spoke out publicly last week for the first time, insisting that they were not to blame for the tragedy. Dr Nelson Porter and Dr Charith Nanayakkara made their comments at a press conference at the British Medical Association's headquarters after newspaper reports that the official inquiry into the Allitt affair would single them out for blame. The two were flanked by Dr James Appleyard, a paediatrician in Kent, and David Southall, professor of paediatrics at Keele University, who urged that they should not be made scapegoats.

Allitt, a state enrolled nurse, was given 13 life sentences last year for murdering four children, attempting to murder three, and causing grievous bodily harm …
Abstract 2174: Association of diabetes and obesity with risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma in the Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS)
Authors: Bryan P. LaBore, Anna E. Prizment, Frank G. Ondrey, Kristin E. Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Incidence rates of esophageal and gastric cancers have increased rapidly in developing countries during the past four decades. The rate of esophageal adenocarcinomas has approximately tripled among US whites and now exceeds that of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Incidence of gastric cardia adenocarcinomas has also risen significantly during this period, though to a lesser extent. These cancers often respond poorly to treatment, highlighting the importance of identifying modifiable risk factors with a view to prevention. The association between diabetes and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma has been examined in only a few studies and findings are inconsistent. While obesity is a significant risk factor for esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas, few analyses have been conducted in prospective cohorts. We examined the association between diabetes, BMI, and waist circumference and incidence of esophageal, non-cardia gastric and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas in a large prospective cohort of postmenopausal women. A mailed survey at baseline (1986) collected information on self-reported diabetes and anthropometric measures and included a detailed food-frequency questionnaire. The 34,466 initially cancer free women were followed for 24 years with annual cancer incidence obtained through the State Health Registry of Iowa, part of the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program; 83 women developed gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Associations were examined using proportional hazards regression models: hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Significant associations were observed in age-adjusted models for diabetes (yes/no) [HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.01-4.34], body mass index (kg per meters squared) [HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.15], and waist circumference (cm) [HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.01-1.53]. Additionally, a positive association between diabetes and adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction was found in both age-adjusted [HR: 3.43, 95% CI: 1.32-8.90] and multivariate-adjusted models [HR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.13-7.99]. An inverse association was found with increasing daily fiber intake (g/day) and all gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas [HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.96]. These findings support the view that diabetes, body mass index and waist circumference increase risk of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma while increased fiber intake may decrease risk. Citation Format: Bryan P. LaBore, Anna E. Prizment, Frank G. Ondrey, Kristin E. Anderson. Association of diabetes and obesity with risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma in the Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2174. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2174
Dermatology and extension of limited list of drug tariff
Authors: R. Marks
Journal: BMJ (1993)

ignored in the analysis of the results.It is quite invalid to infer a real effect if a change in one patient group achieves an arbitrary level of statistical significance while that in a control group does not.A direct statistical comparison of the change in each group is necessary.I assume that the appropriate analysis was omitted because of space constraints in this short report.