tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serial Changes in Surfactant-associated Proteins in Lung and Serum before and after Onset of ARDS
Authors: KELLY E. GREENE, JO RAE WRIGHT, KENNETH P. STEINBERG, JOHN T. RUZINSKI, ELLEN CALDWELL, WES B. WONG, WILLIAM HULL, JEFFREY A. WHITSETT, TOYOAKI AKINO, YOSHIO KUROKI, HISATO NAGAE, LEONARD D. HUDSON, THOMAS R. MARTIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

The goal of this study was to determine the changes that occur in surfactant-associated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and serum of patients at risk for ARDS and during the course of ARDS. We found that the concentrations of SP-A and SP-B were low in the BAL of patients at risk for ARDS before the onset of clinically defined lung injury, whereas the concentration of SP-D was normal. In patients with established ARDS, BAL SP-A and SP-B concentrations were low during the entire 14-d observation period, but the median SP-D concentrations remained in the normal range. Immunoreactive SP-A and SP-D were not increased in the serum of patients at risk for ARDS, but both increased after the onset of ARDS to a maximum on Day 3 and remained elevated for as long as 14 d. The BAL SP-A concentrations were significantly lower in at-risk patients who developed ARDS, and no patient with a BAL SP-A concentration greater than 1.2 μ g/ml developed ARDS. On Days 1 and 3 of ARDS, the BAL SP-D concentration was significantly lower in patients who died, and the BAL SP-D concentration was significantly related to the Pi O2 /Fi O2 ratio. Thus, surfactant protein abnormalities occur before and after the onset of ARDS, and the responses of SP-A, SP-B, and SP-D differ in important ways. The BAL SP-A and SP-D measurements can be used to classify patients as high or low risk for progression to ARDS and/or death after the onset of ARDS. Strategies to increase these surfactant proteins in the lungs of patients with ARDS could be useful to modify the onset or the course of ARDS. Greene KE, Wright JR, Steinberg KP, Ruzinski JT, Caldwell E, Wong WB, Hull W, Whitsett JA, Akino T, Kuroki Y, Nagae H, Hudson LD, Martin TR. Serial changes in surfactant-associated proteins in lung and serum before and after onset of ARDS.
Psychiatric Management of Dangerous Behavior on a University Campus
Authors: SEYMOUR L. HALLECK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The psychiatrist who works within a community agency may find it difficult to incorporate his desire to help the patient with the community's expectation of protection from the potentially dangerous patient. The author describes the orientation and structure of a student psychiatric service which he feels provides the psychiatrist with enough power to be of service to the university community and yet sets limits on his ability to compromise the rights of the patient.
Etretinate and the risk for teratogenicity: drug monitoring in a pregnant woman for 9 months after stopping treatment
Authors: A. Vahlquist, O. Rollman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Etretinate and the risk for teratogenicity: drug monitoring in a pregnant woman for 9 months after stopping treatment Get access A. Vahlquist, A. Vahlquist Department of Dermatology, University of Linkoping, S‐581 85 Linkoping, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Rollman O. Rollman University of Uppsala, S‐75185 Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 1, 1 July 1990, Page 131, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01837.x Published: 01 July 1990
TREATMENT BY INFLATION WITH OXYGEN OF TUBERCULOUS AFFECTIONS OF THE ENCLOSED CAVITIES, ABSCESSES, CARIES, SYNOVITIS, AND FIBROUS ANKYLOSIS
Authors: E. Rost
Journal: BMJ (1921)

DCLJuiAr -12..The proportion--of iodophil -cells in the epithelial covering-of the endometiruln varies greatly, botlh in different individuals and. in different areas-of the-sane uterus.This may probably be connected witlh the periodical chainges in cell metabolism which occur in this organ.A systematic examinaation of the glycogen content of thie uterus in different species of mammals, and in different plhases of activity of the organ, would probablv tnrow light on the metabolic ceanges in epitlhelial cells.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Suppresses Pathological Hypertrophy, Myocardial Fibrosis, and Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: JiuChang Zhong, Ratnadeep Basu, Danny Guo, Fung L. Chow, Simon Byrns, Manfred Schuster, Hans Loibner, Xiu-hua Wang, Josef M. Penninger, Zamaneh Kassiri, Gavin Y. Oudit
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a pleiotropic monocarboxypeptidase capable of metabolizing several peptide substrates. We hypothesized that ACE2 is a negative regulator of angiotensin II (Ang II)–mediated signaling and its adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Methods and Results— Ang II infusion (1.5 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) for 14 days resulted in worsening cardiac fibrosis and pathological hypertrophy in ACE2 knockout ( Ace2 −/y ) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Daily treatment of Ang II–infused wild-type mice with recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2; 2 mg · kg −1 · d −1 IP) blunted the hypertrophic response and expression of hypertrophy markers and reduced Ang II–induced superoxide production. Ang II–mediated myocardial fibrosis and expression of procollagen type Iα1, procollagen type IIIα1, transforming growth factor-β1, and fibronectin were also suppressed by rhACE2. Ang II–induced diastolic dysfunction was inhibited by rhACE2 in association with reduced plasma and myocardial Ang II and increased plasma Ang 1-7 levels. rhACE2 treatment inhibited Ang II–mediated activation of protein kinase C-α and protein kinase C-β1 protein levels and phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated 1/2, Janus kinase 2, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathways in wild-type mice. A subpressor dose of Ang II (0.15 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) resulted in a milder phenotype that was strikingly attenuated by rhACE2 (2 mg · kg −1 · d −1 IP). In adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, Ang II–mediated superoxide generation, collagen production, and extracellular signal-regulated 1/2 signaling were inhibited by rhACE2 in an Ang 1-7–dependent manner. Importantly, rhACE2 partially prevented the development of dilated cardiomyopathy in pressure-overloaded wild-type mice. Conclusions— Elevated Ang II induced hypertension, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction, which were exacerbated by ACE2 deficiency, whereas rhACE2 attenuated Ang II– and pressure-overload–induced adverse myocardial remodeling. Hence, ACE2 is an important negative regulator of Ang II–induced heart disease and suppresses adverse myocardial remodeling.
Rating Long-Term Care Facilities on Pressure Ulcer Development: Importance of Case-Mix Adjustment
Authors: Dan R. Berlowitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objective: To determine the importance of case-mix adjustment in interpreting differences in rates of pressure ulcer development in Department of Veterans Affairs long-term care facilities. Design: A sample assembled from the Patient Assessment File, a Veterans Affairs administrative database, was used to derive predictors of pressure ulcer development; the resulting model was validated in a separate sample. Facility-level rates of pressure ulcer development, both unadjusted and adjusted for case mix using the predictive model, were compared. Setting: Department of Veterans Affairs long-term care facilities. Patients: The derivation sample consisted of 31 150 intermediate medicine and nursing home residents who were initially free of pressure ulcers and were institutionalized between October 1991 and April 1993. The validation sample consisted of 17 946 residents institutionalized from April 1993 to October 1993. Measurement: Development of a stage 2 or greater pressure ulcer. Results: 11 factors predicted pressure ulcer development. Validated performance properties of the resulting model were good. Model-predicted rates of pressure ulcer development at individual long-term care facilities varied from 1.9% to 6.3%, and observed rates ranged from 0% to 10.9%. Case-mix-adjusted rates and ranks of facilities differed considerably from unadjusted ratings. For example, among five facilities that were identified as high outliers on the basis of unadjusted rates, two remained as outliers after adjustment for case mix. Conclusions: Long-term care facilities differ in case mix. Adjustments for case mix result in different judgments about facility performance and should be used when facility incidence rates are compared.
Effects of coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion on cardiac cycle-dependent variation of myocardial ultrasonic backscatter.
Authors: R M Glueck, J G Mottley, J G Miller, B E Sobel, J E Pérez
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

We have recently reported a systematic variation in integrated ultrasonic backscatter throughout the cardiac cycle in canine hearts. This study was performed to determine whether the pattern of such variation is modified systematically by ischemia. Measurements of integrated ultrasonic backscatter in selected regions of normal, ischemic, and reperfused hearts were compared in view of known differences in systolic function of myocardium in each of these regions. Integrated ultrasonic backscatter (3-7 MHz) gated to the first derivative of left ventricular pressure was measured at the apex, midwall, and base in 10 dogs and at the apex before and during transient ischemia and reperfusion in four dogs. Quantitative integrated ultrasonic backscatter was referenced to a steel reflector. Cyclic variation of integrated ultrasonic backscatter was greatest at the apex [peak to trough variation 5.5 +/- 0.9 dB (mean +/- SE)] with the maximum near end diastole (-52.9 +/- 0.9 dB) and minimum near end systole (-58.4 +/- 1.0 dB). Variation at the apex (5.5 +/- 0.9 dB) and the midwall (4.3 +/- 0.8 dB) was greater than at the base (0.5 +/- 1.0 dB) (P less than 0.01 for either region compared with base). Left anterior descending coronary occlusion for 10 minutes in four of 10 dogs reduced variation at the apex to 0.4 +/- 1.5 dB (P less than 0.02 compared with preocclusion). Reperfusion for 2 hours restored apical cyclic variation to 3.9 +/- 1.7 dB, i.e., to values not significantly different from those before occlusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sustained compression and healing of chronic venous ulcers.
Authors: S. D. Blair, D. D. Wright, C. M. Backhouse, E. Riddle, C. N. McCollum
Journal: BMJ (1988)

STUDY OBJECTIVE--Comparison of four layer bandage system with traditional adhesive plaster bandaging in terms of (a) compression achieved and (b) healing of venous ulcers. DESIGN--Part of larger randomised trial of five different dressings. SETTING--Outpatient venous ulcer clinic in university hospital. PATIENTS--(a) Pressure exerted by both bandage systems was measured in the same 20 patients. (b) Healing with the four layer bandage was assessed in 148 legs in 126 consecutive patients (mean age 71 (SE 2); range 30-96) with chronic venous ulcers that had resisted treatment with traditional bandaging for a mean of 27.2 (SE 8) months. INTERVENTIONS--(a) Four layer bandage system or traditional adhesive plaster bandaging for pressure studies; (b) four layer bandaging applied weekly for studies of healing. END POINTS--(a) Comparison of pressures achieved at the ankle for up to one week; (b) complete healing within 12 weeks. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--(a) Four layer bandage produced higher initial pressures at the ankle of 42.5 (SE 1) mm Hg compared with 29.8 (1.8) for the adhesive plaster (p less than 0.001; 95% confidence interval 18.5 to 6.9). Pressure was maintained for one week with the four layer bandage but fell to 10.4 (3.5) mm Hg at 24 hours with adhesive plaster bandaging. (b) After weekly bandaging with the four layer bandage 110 of 48 venous ulcers had healed completely within 12 (mean 6.3 (0.4)) weeks. CONCLUSION--Sustained compression of over 40 mm Hg achieved with a multilayer bandage results in rapid healing of chronic venous ulcers that have failed to heal in many months of compression at lower pressures with more conventional bandages.
Surgery Study Cards
Authors: John H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Study cards! Who of us has not at one time or other collected them, scribbling our own intimate notes about a journal article or textbook chapter, recording those points that seem most pertinent and revealing to us about the subject? And then the problem of entitling the card to ensure prompt recovery—author and source, to be sure, but subject matter is all important, and categorizing subject matter is often a very personal decision, known only to the keeper of the cards. The<i>Surgery Study Cards</i>, created by John E. Gatti, MD, attempt to duplicate and expand on our personal collections expressly "for use as a study aid for residents and practicing surgeons who are preparing for their General Surgery 'In Service' and 'Board' exams." And further, "every effort was made to sufficiently cover those areas that repetitively appear on multiple choice exams in General Surgery." I am not prepared to
Harold M. Weintraub, MD, 49
Authors: Valerie Putchaven
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Central Health Institute
Authors: Edith B. Lowry
Journal: JAMA (1913)

mine the composition of the solution so obtained, three table- spoonfuls (about 55 gm.) were well shaken with one quart of warm water and this allowed to stand for three days.Exami- nation of flic supernatant solution showed each 100 e.c. to contain approximately, 1.4 gm. of sodium chlorid and 2.7 gm. of basic ferric, sulphate (Monsel's salt)..This is equivalent to about 7 grains of common salt and about 14 grains of Monsel's salt to each lluidounce.And Ibis is the marvelous "cure."for which Baughn claims to have "searched and searched" and finally "found in nature's laboratory!"This is the stuff that, according to Baughn, is "the balm that heals-the antidote for the poison that weakens and deadens body and intellect alike."This, a mixture of charcoal, common salt, iron sulphate and a dash of quinin-not to men- tion the straw and "dirt"-is what Baughn is selling at $10 a "treatment" to the unfortunate sufferers from pellagra.'Ihere are many disreputable ways of making money, but we know of none so mean, so heartless, so devoid of common
Improving Outcomes for Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: Back to the Drawing Board
Authors: Matthew J. Ellis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

JNCI | Editorials 159 Biomarker studies with negative results can be just as important to publish as those with positive results if the study had sufficient power to exclude a positive interaction because clinging to a longfavored but incorrect hypothesis in the face of negative evidence impedes scientific and clinical progress. The study by Viale et al. ( 1 ) in this issue of the Journal is a case in point. The investigators studied tumor tissue samples accrued from two large randomized trials that compared endocrine therapy vs cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) chemotherapy followed by endocrine therapy among breast cancer patients with node-negative hormone receptor – positive disease (International Breast Cancer Study Group Trials VIII and IX). In contrast to their expectations, Viale et al. ( 1 ) found that tumor Ki-67 labeling index (a measure of the percentage of tumors cells that express the cell proliferation antigen Ki-67 and are therefore in an active phase of the cell cycle) provided information on prognosis but did not predict which patients would benefit from adding CMF to endocrine therapy. This result is striking because it indicates that patients with aggressive node-negative, hormone receptor – positive breast tumors that have a high growth fraction — the patients most in need of additional therapy — obtain no extra benefit from the addition of CMF to their endocrine regimen when compared with patients with lower risk disease. At the most basic level, this study supports the long-held position of the American Society of Clinical Oncology Tumor Markers Expert Panel that measurements of the cell cycle (ie, S phase fraction or Ki-67 labeling index) should not be used for chemotherapy decision making ( 2 ). When compared with the positive results obtained by Paik et al. ( 3 ) with the 21-gene recurrence score assay, which was able to identify a group of high-risk, nodenegative, hormone receptor – positive patients who differentially ex perienced benefit from CMF, the results reported by Viale et al. ( 1 )
Adverse Emotional Responses after Mitral Valvotomy
Authors: Fakhr El-Islam, M.R. Salama, K. Kasr-El-Aini
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

Out of 45 patients who had mitral valvotomy 19 developed postoperative adverse emotional responses. When these cases were compared to those without post-operative psychiatric disorders, statistically significant differences were found in the post-operative personality characteristics of ego strength and denial mechanisms and in the duration of preoperative period in patients in the cardiac surgery unit. In patients developing post-operative psychiatric disturbances the clinical severity of lesions was at discrepancy with the severity of lesions found at operation and this may be due to psychogenic symptomatic overlay in patients who subsequently develop psychiatric difficulties.
ATTACKS OF HYSTERICAL APHONIA OCCURRING IN A PATIENT SUBJECT TO TYPICAL EPILEPTIC SEIZURES.
Authors: THEODORE DILLER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —An unmarried woman, aged 26, clerk in postoffice, family history negative. <h3>History.</h3> —Since August, 1901, she has been subject to attacks of epilepsy of the ordinary type which at first occurred about once in three months but which have occurred once or twice a month during the past year. Besides these epileptic fits, the patient has been subject for 3 or 4 years past to frequent attacks of mutism and to attacks consisting of confusion of speech. The last named are often preceded by the first named, i. e., an attack of mutism is often preceded by a period of confused speech. These attacks are of much more frequent occurrence than are the epileptic fits. They are the cause of great embarrassment to the patient since she may in a street car or a store or in company suddenly find herself mute and unable to reply to questions. These
Systematic Evaluation of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Children Under Five: The Pneumococcal Global Serotype Project
Authors: Hope L. Johnson, Maria Deloria-Knoll, Orin S. Levine, Sonia K. Stoszek, Laura Freimanis Hance, Richard Reithinger, Larry R. Muenz, Katherine L. O'Brien
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

Background Approximately 800,000 children die each year due to pneumococcal disease and >90% of these deaths occur in developing countries where few children have access to life-saving serotype-based vaccines. Understanding the serotype epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children is necessary for vaccine development and introduction policies. The aim of this study was to systematically estimate the global and regional distributions of serotypes causing IPD in children <5 years of age. Methods and Findings We systematically reviewed studies with IPD serotype data among children <5 years of age from the published literature and unpublished data provided by researchers. Studies conducted prior to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction, from 1980 to 2007, with ≥12 months of surveillance, and reporting ≥20 serotyped isolates were included. Serotype-specific proportions were pooled in a random effects meta-analysis and combined with PD incidence and mortality estimates to infer global and regional serotype-specific PD burden. Of 1,292, studies reviewed, 169 were included comprising 60,090 isolates from 70 countries. Globally and regionally, six to 11 serotypes accounted for ≥70% of IPD. Seven serotypes (1, 5, 6A, 6B, 14, 19F, 23F) were the most common globally; and based on year 2000 incidence and mortality estimates these seven serotypes accounted for >300,000 deaths in Africa and 200,000 deaths in Asia. Serotypes included in both the 10- and 13-valent PCVs accounted for 10 million cases and 600,000 deaths worldwide. Conclusions A limited number of serotypes cause most IPD worldwide. The serotypes included in existing PCV formulations account for 49%–88% of deaths in Africa and Asia where PD morbidity and mortality are the highest, but few children have access to these life-saving vaccines. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Photosensitivity to Cyclamate
Authors: Albert H. Unger
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  When a report of a single reaction to a commonly used substance is given a prominent place inThe Journal, it seems to me that this constitutes a disservice to medicine. This has been done with the report of a single photosensitivity reaction to calcium cyclamate in the article by Lamberg ( 201 :747, 1967). Such a report should properly appear in the CLINICAL NOTE section, not among the featured articles.  The article, which is a fine one, includes a complete workup on one patient with a reference to a few other patients, seven of them in Japan, and the important reminder that we should remember that cyclamate can cause photosensitivity reactions. This is certainly well worth learning.  However, the prominence given inThe Journalto this particular article, combined with the frequent reminders from the Food and Drug Administration concerning reactions to medications of all types, adds