tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphisms of CC chemokine receptor 3 in Japanese and British asthmatics
Authors: K. Fukunaga, K. Asano, X‐Q. Mao, P‐S. Gao, M.H. Roberts, T. Oguma, T. Shiomi, M. Kanazawa, C.N. Adra, T. Shirakawa, J.M. Hopkin, K. Yamaguchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Whole genome scan analyses have revealed that chromosomal region 3p21−24, which contains a gene cluster of CC chemokine receptors such as CCR3, is possibly linked to asthma. Because CCR3 ligands play a pivotal role in the selective recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in the asthmatic airway, the authors examined whether there is any association between asthma and the CCR3 gene polymorphisms. Three polymorphisms were identified using the single stranded conformational polymorphism method in Japanese (Asian) and British (Caucasian) subjects; one silent mutation T51C and two missense mutations G824A and T971C. These polymorphisms were examined in 391 Japanese subjects (210 asthmatics and 181 nonasthmatic controls) and 234 British subjects (142 asthmatics and 92 nonasthmatic controls). Asthma diagnosis was based on episodic symptoms, documented wheeze, and the presence of reversible airflow limitation. CCR3 T51C demonstrated a significant association with the diagnosis of asthma in the British population (odds ratio 2.35, p&lt;0.01), but not in the Japanese population. Multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that CCR3 T51C was associated with asthma (odds ratio 2.83, p&lt;0.02), independent of atopic phenotypes such as high levels of total or house dust mite-specific immunoglobulin-E in serum. In conclusion, a significant association between asthma and CCR3 T51C polymorphism localized on chromosome 3p21 was found.
Abdominal Baro- and Chemosensitivity in Dogs
Authors: C. HEYMANS, A. F. DE SCHAEPDRYVER, G. R. DE VLEESCHHOUWER
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

Experiments performed in anesthetized dogs have shown that occlusion of the coeliac and mesenteric arteries may determine minor increases of systemic blood pressure, obviously of hemodynamic nature and not induced by baroreceptive vasomotor reflexes. Increase of pressure into the mesenteric arterial circulation does not decrease the systemic blood pressure. The aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors are the major means of the reflex blood pressure homeostasis. Evidence for the existence of specific chemoreceptors in the abdominal vascular area could not be obtained.
Abstract 465: NEDD9 adaptor protein in glioblastoma cell migration and invasion
Authors: Jessie Zhong, Kylie Turner, Geraldine M. O'Neill
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Gliomas are characterised by extensive infiltration of the surrounding normal brain parenchyma using neurite-like extensions. Significantly, glioma locomotion is highly similar to invading neural precursor cells. Earlier work has shown that the adhesion adaptor protein NEDD9 promotes active membrane extension in non-neuronal cells, is implicated in neuritogenesis and is enriched in neural precursor cells. Critically, NEDD9 depletion significantly inhibits neural precursor cell migration in vivo and reduces U87MG glioblastoma cell invasion through a brain homogenate. Therefore, we have sought to determine NEDD9 function in glioma cell morphology and 3D cell migration. We first categorized glioblastoma cell lines into mesenchymal, pro-neural and proliferative subtypes via expression of YKL-40 and DLL3. We then used representatives from each that expressed NEDD9 to investigate glioma cell morphology and behaviour. In two-dimensional (2D) culture, NEDD9 depletion caused the loss of microtubule-rich membrane protrusions that were observed in proliferative and mesenchymal cell types. Further, NEDD9 depletion caused increased cell size in 2D and reduced migration speed and persistence in 3D culture in all lines examined. Quantification of morphologies in 3D culture following either NEDD9 depletion or Rac GTPase inhibition revealed no detectable change in rounded versus elongated morphologies. To determine which partner molecules are required for NEDD9 maintenance of cell speed, we screened interacting partners in invading glioblastoma cells. We identified and confirmed the adaptor protein CIN85 as a novel interacting partner of the NEDD9 Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that CIN85 localised to structures involved in cell migration. Our study has revealed that NEDD9 depletion can inhibit migration of lines derived from mesenchymal, pro-neural and proliferative glioblastoma cell types. These findings highlight NEDD9 signalling in glioma as potentially playing a role in the migration of different glioblastoma tumour subtypes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 465. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-465
Mercury Exposure from Interior Latex Paint
Authors: Mary M. Agocs, Ruth A. Etzel, R. Gibson Parrish, Daniel C. Paschal, Phillip R. Campagna, Devora S. Cohen, Edwin M. Kilbourne, John L. Hesse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Many paint companies have used phenylmercuric acetate as a preservative to prolong the shelf life of interior latex paint. In August 1989, acrodynia, a form of mercury poisoning, occurred in a child exposed to paint fumes in a home recently painted with a brand containing 4.7 mmol of mercury per liter (at that time the Environmental Protection Agency's recommended limit was 1.5 mmol or less per liter).
Abstract 2826: Reversal of the basal phenotype in triple negative (TN) breast cancer using a SID decoy
Authors: Edgardo V. Ariztia, Eduardo F. Farias, Kevin Petrie, Boris Leibovitch, Arthur Zelent, Ming-Ming Zhou, Samuel Waxman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We have previously reported that site-specific disruption of the Sin3 complex results in targeted epigenetic reprogramming and differentiation in TN breast cancer (Farias et al., PNAS 2010, 107:11811-6). The Sin3 A/B are multidomain adapter proteins part of a multisubunit corepressor scaffold that regulates transcription via the recruitement of HDAC and BP2/JARID1 A. Sin3 (A/B) contain four paired amphipathic α-helices known as PAH domains, a central HID (HDAC interaction domain) also serves as docking platform for a variety of corepressors, a C-terminal domain is a highly conserved region. We have targeted the disruption of the PAH2 domain binding to SID (mSin3A interaction domain) containing transcription factors such as MAD1, REST, KLF-9, -10, -11, -13 and -16, using a peptide decoy containing the SID motif. These studies have been carried out in several breast cancer cell lines including 5 TN, 2 estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and a non-transformed mammary cell line. Transfection with a plasmid expressing minimal SID or treatment with a 13 amino-acid peptide (SID peptide) disrupts transcription factor binding to the PAH2 domain resulting in extreme changes in morphology, cytoskeletal organization, adhesion, decreased extracellular proteolytic activity (MMP-9 and uPA), loss of invasive capacity and anchorage independent growth. There was re-expression of functional E-cadherin, estrogen and retinoic acid receptors. Effects in vivo xenograft also included inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in FVB mice. 3D cultures in Matrigel have revealed a SID decoy dependent switch from a basal to a more luminal phenotype. These effects of SID decoy occurred in TN but not in ER+ or non-transformed breast cancer cell lines. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis in which SID decoy interference with PAH2 domain binding can revert Epithelial/Mesenchymal Transition in TN breast cancer cells and results in a less malignant phenotype. Fourteen candidate small molecule inhibitors, from a computerized screen of 115,000 compounds, were tested in a mammalian two hybrid assay and some of them have been tested in cellular invasion, proliferation and morphogenesis assays. One of them, compound 14 (C14) has shown no toxicity, induces E-cadherin expression and is effective in inhibiting Matrigel invasion of MDA-MB-231 at 100 nM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2826. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2826
E2F4 is required for cardiomyocyte proliferation
Authors: Machteld J. van Amerongen, Florian Diehl, Tatyana Novoyatleva, Chinmoy Patra, Felix B. Engel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Although the fundamental role of the E2F transcription factor family in cell proliferation is well established, the specific function of E2F4 is unclear. On the basis of findings from cell culture experiments, E2F4 is generally considered as an inhibitor of cell proliferation. Accumulating evidence suggests, however, that E2F4 acts as an activator of cell proliferation in certain contexts. Here, we have investigated the role of E2F4 during heart development and in proliferating cardiomyocytes. Nuclear E2F4 expression in cardiomyocytes declined during mouse heart development, which correlates with the loss of proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes. Re-induction of proliferation in postnatal cardiomyocytes increased nuclear E2F4 expression. E2F4 accumulated in the nucleus at the end of the S phase, remained nuclear during mitosis, and disappeared at the end of cytokinesis. siRNA-mediated inhibition of E2F4 in proliferating postnatal cardiomyocytes resulted in a significant reduction in mitosis, but not in DNA synthesis. Co-staining of E2F4 and Crest revealed that E2F4 co-localizes with kinetochores. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that E2F4 binds to centromeric α-satellite DNA during mitosis. Our data indicate that E2F4 is required for cardiomyocyte proliferation and suggest a function for E2F4 in mitosis.
Quantification of harms in cancer screening trials: literature review
Authors: B. Heleno, M. F. Thomsen, D. S. Rodrigues, K. J. Jorgensen, J. Brodersen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Previously, we demonstrated that type I IFN (IFNβ/α) activity can predict non-response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we examine the biology of TNFi non-response in monocytes from RA patients. We compared single cell gene expression in purified classical (CL, n=342) and non-classical (NC, n=359) monocytes. RA patients were grouped according to their pre-TNFi IFNβ/α activity: those likely to have EULAR no response (non-response group, IFNβ/α 0 or &gt;1.3, n=9) and those likely to have EULAR moderate or good response (response group, IFNβ/α &gt; 0 and ≤1.3, n=6). Major differences in gene expression were apparent in principal component and unsupervised cluster analyses. CL monocytes from the non-response group were unlikely to express <i>JAK1</i> and <i>IFI27</i> (p &lt;0.0001 and p 0.0005, respectively). In NC monocytes from the same group, expression of <i>IFNAR1, IRF1, TNFA, TLR4</i> (p ≤0.0001 for each) and others was enriched. Interestingly, <i>JAK1</i> expression was absent in CL and NC monocytes from 9 patients. This pattern strongly associated with the non-response IFNβ/α group, suggesting a major biological difference between <i>JAK1</i> expressors and non-expressors. The type I IFN activity that was previously found to predict TNFi response associated with changes in gene expression in monocytes that suggest differential IFN pathway activation in RA patients who are either likely to respond or to have no response to TNFi. This work could suggest mechanisms for TNFi non-response, and potential therapeutic strategies for those patients unlikely to respond to TNFi.
Postpregnancy Glycemic Control and Weight Changes in Type 1 Diabetic Women
Authors: Katarzyna Cyganek, Alicja Hebda-Szydlo, Jan Skupien, Izabela Janas, Joanna Walczyk, Anna Lipowska, Sebastian Borys, Maciej T. Malecki
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Pregnancy in type 1 diabetes requires excellent glycemic control. Most pregnant type 1 diabetic women achieve normoglycemia; however, there is scarce data on their postdelivery characteristics. We aimed to examine postpregnancy glycemic control and weight changes in type 1 diabetes.We identified and followed (median 20 months) 254 women with singleton pregnancies receiving postdelivery medical care at a single institution.Study subjects were 28.3 ± 4.7 years of age (mean ± SD), with a diabetes duration of 12.0 ± 7.7 years. Mean A1C before conception was 6.9 ± 1.4%, and preconception weight and BMI were 64.4 ± 10.0 kg and 23.9 ± 3.3 kg/m(2), respectively. Mean A1C decreased during pregnancy, reaching 5.7 ± 0.8% in the third trimester. We observed a mean weight gain of 14.4 ± 6.5 kg during pregnancy. Within 6 months after delivery, A1C increased by 0.8% (P < 0.0001) compared with the last trimester, and body weight and BMI were 4.4 kg and 2.5 kg/m(2) higher (P < 0.0001) compared with the preconception baseline. A1C further deteriorated by 0.8% until the end of follow-up. For women in the "pregnancy planning" program (n = 117), A1C >12 months after delivery was worse compared with before conception (7.1 vs. 6.5%, P = 0.0018), whereas in women with unplanned pregnancies, it was similar to the pregestational levels (7.3 vs.7.4%, P = 0.59). Weight and BMI in the entire study group did not return to prepregnancy levels and were 2.5 kg (P = 0.0079) and 0.9 kg/m(2) higher (P = 0.0058).In this clinical observation, type 1 diabetic women showed postpregnancy deterioration in glycemic control and were unable to return to prepregnancy weight. Type 1 diabetic women seem to require special attention after delivery to meet therapeutic targets.
Analysis of the Evolutionary Relationships of HIV-1 and SIVcpz Sequences Using Bayesian Inference: Implications for the Origin of HIV-1
Authors: D. Paraskevis
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

The most plausible origin of HIV-1 group M is an SIV lineage currently represented by SIVcpz isolated from the chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytestroglodytes. The origin of HIV-1 group O is less clear. Putative recombination between any of the HIV-1 and SIVcpz sequences was tested using bootscanning and Bayesian-scanning plots, as well as a new method using a Bayesian multiple change-point (BMCP) model to infer parental sequences and crossing-over points. We found that in the case of highly divergent sequences, such as HIV-1/SIVcpz, Bayesian scanning and BMCP methods are more appropriate than bootscanning analysis to investigate spatial phylogenetic variation, including estimating the boundaries of the regions with discordant evolutionary relationships and the levels of support of the phylogenetic clusters under study. According to the Bayesian scanning plots and BMCP method, there was strong evidence for discordant phylogenetic clustering throughout the genome: (1) HIV-1 group O clustered with SIVcpzANT/TAN in middle pol, and partial vif/env; (2) SIVcpzGab1 clustered with SIVcpzANT/TAN in 3′pol/vif, and middle env; (3) HIV-1 group O grouped with SIVcpzCamUS and SIVcpzGab1 in p17/p24; (4) HIV-1 group M was more closely related to SIVcpzCamUS in 3′gag/pol and in middle pol, whereas in partial gp120 group M clustered with group O. Conditionally independent phylogenetic analysis inferred by maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods further confirmed these findings. The discordant phylogenetic relationships between the HIV-1/SIVcpz sequences may have been caused by ancient recombination events, but they are also due, at least in part, to altered rates of evolution between parental SIVcpz lineages.
Respiratory medicine: the casualties.
Authors: P. Dilworth, T. Howes, L. Restrick, M. Iredale, J. Meecham-Jones, M. Sanderson
Journal: BMJ (1992)

repeatability of only one scale point on a range 0-100, which seems unlikely for a score derived from responses to questions concerning subjective symptoms.They say they have used the method of Bland and Altman,2 but the results given-the mean difference and the distribution of the differ- ences-are not good measures of reliability.Moreover, Bland and Altman proposed that the limits of agreement should be used to assess repeatability.For example, twice the standard deviation of the differences gives a range within which 95% of the differences will lie.A mean difference of zero implies that there is no consistent trend affecting test and retest results (all the patients getting better, for example).It does not imply that the measure is reliable.The table
Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Development
Authors: Charles W. Bodemer
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Embryology, long occupying a central position in the life sciences, has undergone many dramatic changes during the course of its development. The title of this volume suggests, as its contents demonstrate, that in recent years embryology has undergone yet another change. The rapid developments in cellular and subcellular biology have had impact upon embryology, and developmental biology is now a meeting ground for many concepts and techniques of modern molecular biology.  This volume contains 44 recently published research articles, grouped according to their concern with 14 central problems of embryology, viz, cell association, induction, cytodifferentiation and cell division, the role of nucleus, chromosome differentiation, genetic control of differentiation, isozymes, enzyme regulation, RNA synthesis, synthesis of cell-specific products, macromolecules as the basis of structure, hormones, growth substances, and cellvirus interactions. Each section is preceded by a bibliography and introduction.  Recent advances in the analysis of embryonic development, as revealed here, are
Gastric Drip Infusion to Combat Dehydration in Infants
Authors: F. M. B. Allen, W. H. Rutherford
Journal: BMJ (1945)

alimentary intake of protein, it is an advantage to supplement an increase in orally administered protein by parenteral therapy.The transfusion of plasma is a convenient method.It was used with success by Holmes (1944) in a similar case of hypoproteinaemia following the treatment of a microcytic anaemia in a vegetarian.Large amounts of plasma may be needed to treat severe protein depletion.The actual amount used in a given case must be judged by the clinical response in the form of diuresis and reduction of oedema.In this case and in Holmes's a moderate amount of plasma was given intravenously to initiate diuresis, and the complete restoration of protein was obtained by an increase in the oral intake.Recently the intravenous infusion of amino-acids has been suggested by several American workers (Elman, 1940;
Right phrenic nerve palsy as a complication of indwelling central venous catheters
Authors: A. Rigg, P. Hughes, A. Lopez, J. Filshie, D. Cunningham, M. Green
Journal: Thorax (1997)

Five cases are reported of patients who developed a raised right hemidiaphragm while an indwelling central venous catheter was in situ. The patients were being treated with protracted venous infusions of chemotherapy for colorectal carcinoma. All five patients had a chest radiograph following insertion of the Hickman line which showed normal diaphragmatic positions. A mean of 93 days later (range 55-134 days) elevation of the right hemidiaphragm was noted in these patients on repeat chest radiographs. Two of the patients had a right phrenic nerve palsy demonstrated by magnetic stimulation of the nerve. The remaining three patients had paradoxical motion of the right hemidiaphragm on sonography, but were unable to undergo studies of phrenic nerve function before death from metastatic disease. It is suggested that right phrenic nerve palsy is a late complication of an indwelling central venous catheter.
CUTANEOUS BURNS DUE TO FLUORESCENT LIGHT
Authors: R. RALPH BRESLER
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Fluorescent lighting has hitherto been considered entirely harmless. In December 1948 an informal request was submitted to the Medical Department of a large pharmaceutical manufacturing organization to investigate complaints of a mild type of cutaneous irritation occurring among the 5 female operators in the penicillin filling-room. These complaints were minor, for at no time had any of the affected employees reported to the plant dispensary for treatment, nor had any time been lost from work as a result of this condition. Chief complaints of the operators were redness, dryness and occasional itching of the skin, most prominent on the forearms, arms and exposed areas of the neck and upper sternal region. Examination revealed erythematous areas, with dryness and some evidence of moderate desquamation. Lines of demarcation on the upper part of the arm at the edge of the sleeve were noted in 1 case. Questioning revealed that these lesions were
Rapid Testing for HIV: Why So Fast?
Authors: Brigid Kane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Currents21 September 1999Rapid Testing for HIV: Why So Fast?Brigid KaneBrigid KaneSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-6-199909210-00101 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Only one rapid test for diagnosing HIV infection is currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The screening enzyme immunoassay marketed as a single use diagnostic system (SUDS) by Abbott Diagnostics (Abbott Park, lllinois)—is a multistep test that gives a colorimetric reading within 10 to 15 minutes of adding two drops of a patient's serum or plasma to the test kit's cartridge. When this test was first approved by the FDA in 1992, the U.S. Public Health Service did not trumpet the benefits of rapid HIV testing. Instead, it continued supporting its 1989 recommendations that advised health ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByVHH (nanobody) directed against human glycophorin A: A tool for autologous red cell agglutination assaysA 10-minute, US Food and Drug Administration-approved HIV testEvaluation and Treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1—Exposed InfantEvaluation and treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus-1-exposed infantL'évaluation et le traitement du nourrisson exposé au virus d'immunodéficience humaine de type 1Evaluation of three rapid tests for detection of antibodies to HIV-1 non-B subtypesRapid confirmation of HIV infectionAssessment of the Performance of a Rapid, Lateral Flow Assay for the Detection of Antibodies to HIVAssessment of the Performance of a Rapid, Lateral Flow Assay for the Detection of Antibodies to HIVTechnical Report: Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing and Prevention of Transmission 21 September 1999Volume 131, Issue 6Page: 481-483KeywordsAIDSAntiretroviralsFood and Drug AdministrationHIVHIV infectionsHealth care providersInternetPatientsPostexposure prophylaxisWestern blot Issue Published: 21 September 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Gram-Negative Bacillary Meningitis Therapy
Authors: John W. Hollifield
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Gram-negative bacillary meningitis is a serious threat to patients with head trauma or altered immune systems, or those who have had neurosurgical procedures. The aminoglycoside antibiotics administered systemically and into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have proved useful in the treatment of these infections. Intralumbar and parenteral gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate were administered to an acromegalic woman with<i>Klebsiella</i>meningitis. She had objective evidence of an adhesive arachnoiditis and symptoms of polyradiculitis. Cessation of the aminoglycoside administration resulted in symptomatic improvement, and reinstitution of therapy caused a recurrence of neurologic symptoms. Polyradiculitis may be a complication of the intralumbar administration of aminoglycosides. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1264-1266, 1976)