tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preventive Medicine and Ethics
Authors: A. Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MWDICAI JouRN 73 (8) " Promethazine . . .rapidly disappears from the maternal circulation without reach- ing the foetus."Not so: your contributor's view is based on a " Work in Progress " note (1958), and contrary findings respecting the phenothiazine group of tranquilizers have been well documented during the succeeding years.1'One who contributes a leading article on this topic should at least know, almost by rule of thumb, that all tran- quillizers, analgesics, and sedatives can pass the placenta to reach the foetus, and promethazine is no exception to this. (9)"Perphenazine, given with pethidine and scopolamine, reduces the incidence of dis- tress in newborn infants."A very uncritical comment in a review of this nature.Any reduction in distress is likely to be the result of a concomitant reduction in the amount of pethidine received by the mother. (10)"Promazine also lowers the blood pressure, but only when used with regional anaesthesia."Evidence, please.Does " regional anaesthesia " include pudendal block-or paracervical block ?Does not the administration of promazine to the hypo- volaemic patient lead frequently to hypo- tension ? (11)What is the evidence, meriting inclusion in a leading article, to suggest that promazine given during labour can cause the child to " become unresponsive several hours after birth" ?-I am, etc.,
Simultaneous measurement of intraluminal pressure and pH in the stomach and oesophagus: With special reference to the diagnosis of hiatal hernia and hiatal incompetence
Authors: K. Lockwood, S. Borgeskov
Journal: Thorax (1969)

A short survey is given of the theoretical background for the simultaneous measurement of intraluminal pressure and <i>p</i>H in the oesophagus and stomach as well as the method used in the paper presented. In 20 of 23 patients with symptoms of regurgitation this was sustained by the <i>p</i>H measurement (87%). In only 20% was incompetence demonstrated radiologically. The <i>p</i>H measurement is of especial value in the diagnosis of oesophageal reflux. The value of simultaneous pressure measurements is to ascertain the position of the electrode distally or proximally to the oesophageal hiatus. Thus we suggest that pressure and <i>p</i>H measurements are mandatory in future post-operative follow-up examinations in patients operated upon for hiatal herniae.
CD5 is a potential selecting ligand for B cell surface immunoglobulin framework region sequences.
Authors: R Pospisil, M G Fitts, R G Mage
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

In rabbits nearly all B lymphocytes express the glycoprotein CD5, in contrast to mice and humans, where only a small proportion of B cells express this molecule (Raman, C., and K.L. Knight. 1992. J. Immunol. 149:3858-3864). CD5+ B cells appear to develop early in ontogeny and be maintained throughout life by self-renewal. The function of CD5 on B cells is still unknown. We showed earlier that "positive" selection occurs during B lymphocyte development in the rabbit appendix. This selection favors B cell expressing surface immunoglobulins with VHa2 structures in the first and third framework regions (Pospisil, R., G.O. Young-Cooper, and R.G. Mage. 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:6961-6965). Here we report that F(ab')2 fragments, especially those bearing VHa2 framework region determinants, specifically interact with the B cell-surface glycoprotein CD5. This interaction can be inhibited by anti-CD5 antibodies. Furthermore, immobilized F(ab')2 fragments selectively bind CD5 molecules in appendix cell lysates. Interactions of VH framework region structures with CD5 may affect maintenance and selective expansion of particular B cells and thus contribute to autostimulatory growth of autoimmune or transformed cells.
Lentiviral vector common integration sites in preclinical models and a clinical trial reflect a benign integration bias and not oncogenic selection
Authors: Alessandra Biffi, Cynthia C. Bartolomae, Daniela Cesana, Natalie Cartier, Patrik Aubourg, Marco Ranzani, Martina Cesani, Fabrizio Benedicenti, Tiziana Plati, Enrico Rubagotti, Stefania Merella, Alessia Capotondo, Jacopo Sgualdino, Gianluigi Zanetti, Christof von Kalle, Manfred Schmidt, Luigi Naldini, Eugenio Montini
Journal: Blood (2011)
AORTIC VALVE CALCIFICATION IN MILD PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
Authors: Shinichi Iwata, Eiichi Hyodo, Aylin Tugcu, Kazue Okajima, Zhezhen Jin, Liu Rui, Marco R. Di Tullio, Marcella Walker, Shonni J. Silverberg, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A POSSIBLE FALLACY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTERNAL DERANGEMENTS OF THE KNEE-JOINT
Authors: S. Mort
Journal: BMJ (1914)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~JN _7 _9Case ?-?.No. 1165.Coal-miner (26).Wlhilst standing astride, a pony hacked and strtck the inner side-of his left kinee, andihe fell, twisting round to the right with the left lknee inwards.Felt severe pain alnd a "click," as if something slipped into its p)lace on risinlg.A wveek later, wlhilst lhewingf coal, with the knees slightly beiit anid rotatinig the left femtur inwards as he used the pick, lie suddenly felt " sonmetlhing go ouit " in his left kInee.As lie straiglhtened the leg with difficulty somethinig :slipped in again.The cartilage lhas been out fiv-e times altoaether.The sliglhtest twistnow displlaces it.I4)tt meeniscus torni iiear its convex border from near the capsule = buicket-handle tear.II. TORN ExTERN.-ALCARITILAG ES.Case 1.No. 831.Coal-minier (22).Whilst lifting a tub (smlall wagon) wvitlh hiis hanids behinid his back and the k;nees flexed, lhe slipped and twisted round to the left on hiis left leg, whliclh -as fixed.Ile felt acute paini iii the left knee, and somlething " gave " ini it, and then he doubled uip.The ]nee swelled, and he could
Wong should join Junior Doctors Committee
Authors: E. Cummins
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--I strongly second S J Krikler's suggestion1 that Christopher Wong2 should join the Junior Doctors Committee. If he and like minded colleagues think that the committee is not representing them, why don't they try to be constructive rather than damning and destructive? Why aren't they active members of their regional junior doctors committee? Why don't they come to the next …
Co-operation over surgical training
Authors: H. Atkins, None Brock, J. McAuliffe-Curtin, C. Drake, F. Duff, G. Dunlop, J E. Dunphy, D J Du Plessis, E. Hughes, A. W. Kay, W. Longmire, J. Louw, S. McCollum, H. Platt, None Porritt, R Salter, T. H. Sellors, None Smith, F. Stinchfield, C. Welch, R. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1979)
A static-image telepathology system for dermatopathology consultation in East Africa: The Massachusetts General Hospital Experience
Authors: Devon C. Gimbel, Aliyah R. Sohani, Satya Vara Prasad Busarla, Jesca Muthoni Kirimi, Shahin Sayed, Patricia Okiro, Rosalynn M. Nazarian
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
A CASE OF SYPHILITIC ERUPTION DETERMINED BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF BROMIDE OF POTASSIUM
Authors: ARTHUR WHITFIELD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1917)

Journal Article A CASE OF SYPHILITIC ERUPTION DETERMINED BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF BROMIDE OF POTASSIUM Get access ARTHUR WHITFIELD, M.D., F.R.C.P. ARTHUR WHITFIELD, M.D., F.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 29, Issue 4, 1 October 1917, Pages 267–269, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1917.tb09678.x Published: 01 October 1917
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Is Associated with HLA-DRw3
Authors: Hilda Moens, Nadir R. Farid, Laura Sampson, Elke P. Noel, John M. Barnard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

OBSERVATIONS in laboratory animals suggested an association of experimental and spontaneous thyroiditis with histocompatibility genes.1 2 3 However, in contrast to the definite association between Graves' disease and specific human leukocyte (or histocompatibility) antigens (HLA),4 5 6 7 no such relation was shown for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.7 8 9 10 11 In this study 127 patients with thyroiditis were typed for HLA-A and HLA-B antigens; 40 were also tested for HLA-D-related (DRw) specificities.Materials and MethodsAll 262 subjects (135 controls and 127 patients) studied were referred for investigation of thyroid function. The patients satisfied at least three of five of the criteria for the diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.7 The . . .
Histoplasmin Skin Test
Authors: Henry V. Chase
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In a histoplasmin skin test survey of elementary school children in Frederick County, Md., the percentage of positive reactors was found to be 26.5% and 42.4% among 917 second graders and 1,007 sixth graders, respectively. These percentages were comparable to those obtained in studies of similar age groups in some areas of the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys where histoplasmosis has long been known to be highly endemic. The present study and other accumulated data indicate that histoplasmosis is probably as prevalent in some of the Middle Atlantic states as in any other part of the country. Additional skin test surveys in other "nonendemic" areas might further modify the tenaciously held concept that histoplasmosis in the United States is limited to its Middle Western region.
Enterovirus Survey in Children after Mass Vaccination with Live Attenuated Polioviruses
Authors: I. Domok, E. Molnar, A. Jancso, M. Daniel
Journal: BMJ (1962)

In Hungary three campaigns of oral immunization with Sabin's attenuated poliovirus strains were carried out in the period November, 1959, to June, 1960.(1) During November and December, 1959, the children aged 3 months to 14 years were twice fed with the trivalent vaccine in a single county (Gyor-Sopron county).(2) During December, 1959, to February, 1960, the children of the same ages were immunized in the whole country separately with types 1, 3, and 2 at monthly intervals.(3) The children who had escaped vaccination and the infants born between September 1, 1959, and February 29, 1960, were twice fed with the trivalent vaccine during May and June, 1960.The results of the serological and virological examinations carried out in several laboratories of specimens collected during the above campaigns were favourable (Weissfeiler, 1961).In this paper we present further data on the effectiveness of the mass oral vaccinations.The enterovirus excretion of the youngest healthy children was tested during the summer and early autumn of 1960-that is, during the season when the excretion rate of entero- viruses is usually the highest.We wished to see whether polioviruses were circulating in the population.In addition, the immune status of young children was examined six to eight months after vaccination.
Comparative hemodynamic effects of procainamide, tocainide, and encainide in severe chronic heart failure.
Authors: S S Gottlieb, M L Kukin, N Medina, M Yushak, M Packer
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Many of the newer antiarrhythmic agents are said to cause minimal myocardial depression, but their hemodynamic effects have not been invasively evaluated and compared in patients with severe chronic heart failure. In a randomized, crossover study, the hemodynamic responses to single oral doses of procainamide (750 mg), tocainide (600 mg), and encainide (50 mg) given to 21 patients with severe chronic heart failure were compared. Cardiac performance decreased with all three drugs, but the magnitude of deterioration differed among the three agents. Stroke volume index decreased with procainamide (-5 +/- 1 ml/m2, p less than 0.001), tocainide (-7 +/- 1 ml/m2, p less than 0.001), and encainide (-8 +/- 1 ml/m2, p less than 0.001), but the decline was significantly greater with encainide than with procainamide (p less than 0.05). Similarly, left ventricular filling pressure increased with tocainide and encainide (+4 +/- 1 and +5 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively; both p less than 0.05), but not with procainamide; the increase was significantly greater with tocainide and encainide than with procainamide (p less than 0.001). These deleterious hemodynamic effects were accompanied by worsening symptoms of heart failure in six patients with encainide and seven patients with tocainide but in only two patients with procainamide. Serum levels for all drugs were in the therapeutic range. In conclusion, although the three type I antiarrhythmic agents tested may all adversely affect left ventricular function in patients with heart failure, encainide and tocainide are more likely than procainamide to cause hemodynamic and clinical deterioration.
Very Late Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm Associated With Drug-Eluting Stent Fracture
Authors: Maria Del Trigo, Pilar Jimenez-Quevedo, Covadonga Fernandez-Golfin, Eliseo Vaño, Roberto Delgado-Bolton, Fernando Alfonso, Nieves Gonzalo, Andrea Kallmeyer, Lorena Montes, Natalia Escribano, Rosana Hernandez-Antolin, Carlos Macaya
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Israeli doctors want to stop European patent for genetic test
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Israeli oncologists and geneticists are trying to prevent the European Patent Office from granting a patent to a US company for a genetic test for the BRCA1 mutation, on the grounds that it may be racist. The mutation is responsible for a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer in Jewish women of Ashkenazi (European) origin. The hearing was scheduled for Wednesday 29 June in Munich.

Registering a patent for a genetic test that identifies a mutation typical only of Jews …
Christmas presents and Christmas past
Authors: L. F Pendered
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The December issues of magazines for general practitioners often contain articles about patients giving presents to their doctors. These articles urge unsuspecting registrars to consider the hidden agenda of patients bearing gifts and make suggestions about how to respond. However, there is one solution with which I live comfortably and have never yet seen suggested in print—give them something back. I can almost hear the gasps of horror, yet this is not nearly as onerous as it sounds and should not involve anything expensive. Nevertheless, it is certainly not appropriate for everyone.

I am talking about the chronic givers—elderly people and those who are doctor dependent. One woman has …
The California Experience With a Diversion Program for Impaired Physicians
Authors: Antony C. Gualtieri
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Since January 1980, following a change in California law, impaired physicians have been given the opportunity to be diverted from possible medical board discipline into a statewide treatment program financed by the Board of Medical Quality Assurance. The success of the program has depended on a rapid response mechanism, an individualized treatment program, an ironclad confidentiality, and a multilevel monitoring system. This nondisciplinary approach has made it easier for physicians to encourage their sick colleagues to volunteer for treatment. The experience after 2 1/2 years indicates that impaired physicians are found and treated more quickly when legal restrictions against the physicians' licenses are avoided. Of the 117 physicians currently participating in the California Diversion Program, 109 have been able to continue their practice of medicine while undergoing treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:226-229)
Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery dynamics following prolonged continuous run at anaerobic threshold
Authors: B Škof, V Strojnik
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of intensive aerobic running on some muscle contractile characteristics and the dynamics of their recovery during a 2 hour period afterwards. Methods: Seven well trained runners performed a 6 km run at anaerobic threshold (V OBLA ). Knee torque during single twitch, low and high frequency electrical stimulation (ES), maximum voluntary knee extension, and muscle activation level test of the quadriceps femoris muscles were measured before and immediately after the run, and at several time points during a 120 minute interval that followed the run. Results: After exercise, the mean (SE) maximum twitch torque (T TW ) and torque at ES with 20 Hz (low frequency ES; T F20 ) dropped by 14.1 (5.1)% (p&lt;0.05) and 20.6 (7.9)% (p&lt;0.05) respectively, while torque at stimulation with 100 Hz (high frequency ES; T F100 ), maximum isometric knee extension torque (maximum voluntary contraction torque; T MVC ), and activation level did not change significantly. Twitch contraction time was shortened by 8 (2)% (p&lt;0.05). Ten minutes after the run, T TW was 40% higher than immediately after the run and 10% (p&lt;0.05) higher than before the run. T F20 , T F100 , and T MVC remained lower for 60 minutes (p&lt;0.05) than before the run. Conclusions: A 6 km continuous run at V OBLA caused peripheral fatigue by impairing excitation–contraction coupling. Twitch torque recovered very quickly. However, the process of torque restoration at maximum isometric knee extension torque and at high and low frequency ES took much longer.
Successful Treatment by Argon Plasma Coagulation of Bleeding Radiation-Induced Gastroduodenal Vasculopathy
Authors: S. Corbinais, L. Garin, M. Pagenault, J. F. Bretagne
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Gastroduodenal vasculopathy is a rare but well-known complication of upper gastrointestinal radiation treatment [1]. Although argon plasma coagulation (APC) has been shown to be effective and safe in the management of radiation-induced rectal bleeding [2] and watermelon stomach [3], the use of APC has not been reported for diffuse radiation vascular lesions located in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Pursuing efficiency in surgical practice.
Authors: J. H. Wyllie, I. G. Kidson, D. H. Wyllie
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To examine fluctuations in numbers of patients on surgical wards the dates of admission from January of each of the 5556 patients admitted from 1 January 1985 to 31 December 1987 were examined during computerised audit of a single surgical firm. The numbers of patients under the care of the firm fluctuated widely, often exceeding the 38 beds nominally available. Duration of stay varied from two days or less (3062 admissions) to more than a month (163 admissions). One patient was in hospital for 278 days. The patients admitted for more than a month (2.9% of the total) filled 28% of the beds; not all these patients were elderly. A further increase in throughput of patients undergoing elective operations might be achieved by always admitting patients on the day of operation, and perhaps by discharging patients even sooner than at present. Efficiency would increase but so would overall costs.
Brivanib Versus Sorafenib As First-Line Therapy in Patients With Unresectable, Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results From the Randomized Phase III BRISK-FL Study
Authors: Philip J. Johnson, Shukui Qin, Joong-Won Park, Ronnie T.P. Poon, Jean-Luc Raoul, Philip A. Philip, Chih-Hung Hsu, Tsung-Hui Hu, Jeong Heo, Jianming Xu, Ligong Lu, Yee Chao, Eveline Boucher, Kwang-Hyub Han, Seung-Woon Paik, Jorge Robles-Aviña, Masatoshi Kudo, Lunan Yan, Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk, Dmitry Komov, Thomas Decaens, Won-Young Tak, Long-Bin Jeng, David Liu, Rana Ezzeddine, Ian Walters, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Brivanib is a dual inhibitor of vascular-endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors that are implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our multinational, randomized, double-blind, phase III trial compared brivanib with sorafenib as first-line treatment for HCC.Advanced HCC patients who had no prior systemic therapy were randomly assigned (ratio, 1:1) to receive sorafenib 400 mg twice daily orally (n = 578) or brivanib 800 mg once daily orally (n = 577). Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) based on modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), and safety.The primary end point of OS noninferiority for brivanib versus sorafenib in the per-protocol population (n = 1,150) was not met (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95.8% CI, 0.93 to 1.22), based on the prespecified margin (upper CI limit for HR ≤ 1.08). Median OS was 9.9 months for sorafenib and 9.5 months for brivanib. TTP, ORR, and DCR were similar between the study arms. Most frequent grade 3/4 adverse events for sorafenib and brivanib were hyponatremia (9% and 23%, respectively), AST elevation (17% and 14%), fatigue (7% and 15%), hand-foot-skin reaction (15% and 2%), and hypertension (5% and 13%). Discontinuation as a result of adverse events was 33% for sorafenib and 43% for brivanib; rates for dose reduction were 50% and 49%, respectively.Our study did not meet its primary end point of OS noninferiority for brivanib versus sorafenib. However, both agents had similar antitumor activity, based on secondary efficacy end points. Brivanib had an acceptable safety profile, but was less well-tolerated than sorafenib.
LONG-TERM CLINICAL IMPACT OF THIN-CAP FIBROATHEROMA ASSESSED BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND VIRTUAL HISTOLOGY INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS
Authors: Daisuke Terashita, Hiromasa Otake, Toshiro Shinke, Tomofumi Takaya, Ryo Nishio, Masayuki Nakagawa, Yu Taniguchi, Hiroto Kinutani, Tsuyoshi Ohsue, Masamichi Iwasaki, Akihide Konishi, Masaru Kuroda, Hachidai Takahashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
In situ and distant foreign body granulomas caused by silicone. Treatment with allopurinol
Authors: P. Redondo, J. Del Olmo, I. Alberola
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Polymerized silicone is a permanent material used for cosmetic enhancement procedures, mainly soft tissue augmentation and correction of facial age‐related wrinkles. Foreign body reactions have been detected at sites of silicone injection. Anecdotally, silicone granulomas have also been found at sites distant from the treatment. We report a woman who developed local and distant foreign body reaction 7 years after silicone injections into the crow's‐feet area and upper lip. She was successfully treated with allopurinol. A 62‐year‐old woman was referred to our clinic with firm nodules, tender to pressure, on the crow's‐feet area, external border of the eyes, eyebrows and upper lip (Fig. 1a). She also presented symmetrical shiny erythematous papulonodular lesions on her knees. The patient reported swelling and redness of these areas 8 weeks previously, after the appearance of persistent confluent nodules. She first denied but then admitted that she had been injected with a filler 7 years earlier to correct wrinkles in the crow's‐feet area and upper lip. She showed no symptoms or autoimmune diseases for the first 6 years after the injection. Biopsy of the crow's‐feet area showed multiple clear spaces of varying sizes in the dermis and multinucleated epithelioid cells containing small refractile particles, characteristic of silicone granulomas. The same histology was observed in a skin biopsy from the knee. Antinuclear antibodies were negative. Chest X‐ray and angiotensin‐converting enzyme levels were normal. She was treated with allopurinol 300 mg daily and all the lesions disappeared within 2 months (Fig. 1b). The patient had no recurrence 1 year after treatment.
Science ministers discuss the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Science ministers from the G8 group of developed countries meeting to discuss the threat of antimicrobial resistance were shocked at the scale of the problem, England’s chief medical officer has said.

Sally Davies, England’s chief medical officer, spoke to the BMJ after she addressed science ministers and leading scientists at the Royal Society in London, ahead of the G8 leaders’ summit in Northern Ireland. A statement signed by all eight ministers after the meeting described antimicrobial resistance as a “major health security challenge of the 21st century.”

Davies was asked to speak at the meeting after she warned of the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance in her annual report published in …