tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health and human rights inseparable
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chelidonium Majus for Inoperable Cancer.
Authors: Edmund Andrews
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Chicago, Sept. 20, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a previous number of theJournalI gave an account of the plan of treating inoperable cancer advocated by Dr. Denicenco of Russia. The method consists of injections of two parts of extract of celandin to one of glycerin. The mixture is thrown into the substance of the tumor and also painted on the surface, and some of it taken by the mouth. Prof. John V. Shoemaker of Philadelphia publishes in theJournalof September 4 an account of five cases in which he tried Denicenco's plan, without getting any effect whatever on the tumors. On the other hand I tried it in one case, and found that the tumor sloughed out as if destroyed by a caustic, with a great relief of the patient from pain and distress, corresponding closely to the experience of Dr. Denicenco. Professor Shoemaker's great eminence in
Occupational asthma caused by inhalation of casein
Authors: J. M. Olaguibel, D. Hernandez, P. Morales, A. Peris, A. Basomba
Journal: Allergy (1990)

Solutions of casein are usually sprayed over the leather in the final stage of tanning. We present the result of a thorough investigation of an atopic tannery worker with occupational asthma. Data from clinical record and metacholine challenges support the occupational source of the patient's symptoms, and positive bronchial challenge with casein clearly defines it as the specific aetiological agent. The presence of specific IgE suggests a hypersensitivity type I mechanism. In the tanning process chromium salts, paraphenylendiamine and formaldehyde have all been included as specific aetiological agents of asthma, but occupational asthma induced by inhalation of casein has not previously been reported.
New Drug Approved to Treat Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12428: Risk Stratification of Asymptomatic Patients Post Revascularization Using the Bethesda Score
Authors: Serge C Harb, Thomas H Marwick
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. Functional testing is of indeterminate appropriateness in asymptomatic pts post revascularization (RVS). The Bethesda Score (BS) integrates information from history and physical examina...
Book: Hypertension in Pregnancy
Authors: M. J N C Keirse
Journal: BMJ (1999)

David Churchill, D Gareth Beevers BMJ Books, £19.95, pp 167 ISBN 0 7279 0920 7 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> There is nothing delightful about hypertension in pregnancy, yet this short book is a delight to read. The authors have managed to combine the wealth of information and the dearth of actual knowledge that characterises this particular subject into a synopsis that combines evidence with sound reflection and good sense and that is at least as didactic as anything I have ever read on the subject. Attempting … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Rapid Death of Adoptively Transferred T Cells in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Rusung Tan, Xiaoning Xu, Graham S. Ogg, Pokrath Hansasuta, Tao Dong, Tim Rostron, Graz Luzzi, Christopher P. Conlon, Gavin R. Screaton, Andrew J. McMichael, Sarah Rowland-Jones
Journal: Blood (1999)
Scintigraphic assessment of oesophageal motility.
Authors: F Jorgensen, B Hesse, L Elsborg
Journal: Gut (1987)

<h3>Aims</h3> To assess the impact of different oxygenation policies on the rate and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). <h3>Methods</h3> Between January 2003 and December 2006, infants of 1500 g birthweight (BW) or less and/or 32 weeks gestational age (GA) or less, and larger, more mature infants with risk factors for ROP were examined through three different time periods: period 1: high target oxygen saturation levels (88–96%) and treatment at threshold ROP; period 2: low target oxygen saturation levels (83–93%) and treatment at threshold ROP; period 3: low target oxygen saturation and treatment at type 1 ROP. <h3>Results</h3> Type 1 ROP was detected more frequently in babies of 32 weeks GA or less (50/365, 13.7%) than in more mature babies (15/1167, 1.3%; p&lt;0.001). The rate of type 1 ROP in period 1 was 6.9%; period 2, 3.6% and period 3, 1.8%. Rates of stage 3 ROP declined over time in both BW/GA groups (from 9.0% to 4.1% to 2.0%) as did rates of plus disease (from 7.5% to 3.6% to 1.8%). Mean BW and GA declined from period 1 to period 3, and death rates remained unchanged. 74.4% of babies received all the examinations required; 48.1% of treatments were undertaken after discharge from the neonatal unit. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lower target oxygen saturation was associated with a lower rate of severe ROP without increasing mortality, and changed the characteristics of affected babies. Screening criteria need to remain wide enough to identify all babies at risk of ROP needing treatment.
Interaction of endothelial cells and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins with apolipoprotein E (Arg25[rarr ]Cys) from a patient with lipoprotein glomerulopathy
Authors: Takeyoshi Murano, Ryutaro Matsumura, Yoshiki Misawa, Hiroshi Ozaki, Yoh Miyashita, Setsuko Yoshida, Makoto Sueioshi, Takao Sugiyama, Kohji Shirai
Journal: Metabolism (2002)
“Turning Brain into Blood” — Clinical Applications of Stem-Cell Research in Neurobiology and Hematology
Authors: M A Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

A recent report by Bjornson et al.1 of a study entitled, in part, “Turning Brain into Blood” challenges much of the dogma in the field of stem-cell research by claiming the existence of a common neurohematopoietic stem cell of potential value in clinical transplantation. The investigators isolated, from mouse brain, neural stem cells that could be clonally propagated in vitro for many generations. When the culture conditions were altered, the cells could differentiate into neurons of multiple subtypes, as well as oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. The researchers transplanted into sublethally irradiated mice cloned neural stem cells with genetic markers that allowed . . .
Stroke volume during exercise in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: P Pianosi, A Pelech
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Previous studies comparing cardiac output (Q) and stroke volume (SV) between cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and control subjects have shown conflicting results: some found lower SV in CF patients with severe airflow limitation, and others showed no difference between CF and control subjects. Methodologic problems could explain these discrepant findings. The aim of this study was to better characterize Q and SV with exercise in CF patients with mild as well as severe airflow obstruction. Subjects included 18 CF patients with FEV1 ranging from 28 to 80% of predicted without pulmonary hypertension, and 16 matched control subjects. Cardiac output was measured at three levels of upright cycle exercise using the indirect Fick (CO2) method with blood gas sampling. Q on exercise was similar among control and CF subjects. SV was lower in CF patients, particularly those with FEV1 < or = 55% predicted, than in control subjects. Stepwise regression of SV on height, percent ideal body weight, and FEV1 showed a significant effect of relative underweight on SV. Despite this, well-nourished patients with FEV1 56 to 80% of predicted also had lower SV. As these findings were consistent across the range of severity of lung disease and age, even in the absence of malnutrition, they imply that another mechanism accounts for SV limitation during exercise in CF.
Abstract 2420: Ribonucleotide reductase promotes genomic instability and tumor heterogeneity via increasing dUTP misincorporation into DNA
Authors: Zee-Fen Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Regulation of enzymes in nucleotide synthesis plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which is composed of RRM1/ RRM2A or RRM2B, is the key enzyme that controls the de novo synthesis of all four dNTPs, and the expression of RRM2A subunit is cell cycle-dependent. It has been well established that the level of RRM2A is often elevated in malignant tumor cells and RRM2A transgenic mice develop lung cancer. The molecular mechanism of RRM2A in cancer promotion is still unknown. In this study, we showed that constitutive elevation of RRM2A promotes replication stress, chromosome instability and cellular transformation, all of which are prevented by co-expression of dUTPase that degrades dUTP. Knockdown of dUTPase in cancer cells containing high levels of RRM2A and dUTPase also increased replication stress. Immunohistochemistry staining of surgical tumors from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients showed that high RRM2A/low dUTPase correlates with poorer overall survival, suggesting the opportunity of using RRM2/dUTPase as a prognostic indicator. We proposed that the cellular context of high RRM2/low dUTPase causes chromatin instability to drive tumor evolution, resulting in poor survival in patients. Our findings also imply that tumor cells with elevation of RRM2A are vulnerable to inhibitors against dTTP synthesis in conjunction with DNA damage agent in therapy. Citation Format: Zee-Fen Chang. Ribonucleotide reductase promotes genomic instability and tumor heterogeneity via increasing dUTP misincorporation into DNA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2420. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2420
Diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer are on cusp of major change, conference hears
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

“We are at a sea change” in managing prostate cancer, moving towards focal therapy for small lesions and avoiding the problems of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer. “The solution is going to be imaging,” said Mark Emberton, reader in interventional oncological surgery at University College Hospital, London.

He spoke to the BMJ at a meeting in New York sponsored by the UK’s Pelican Cancer Foundation that brought together experts from many disciplines. Participants emphasised the importance of imaging techniques in identifying aggressive cancers and determining when focal therapy was suitable to ablate less aggressive lesions, in a way similar to lumpectomy for breast cancer.

The Pelican Cancer Foundation works to improve the detection, management, and non-invasive treatment of prostate cancer. It believes that imaging is the key to the proper planning of care of patients with …
Targeting EphA3 Inhibits Cancer Growth by Disrupting the Tumor Stromal Microenvironment
Authors: Mary E. Vail, Carmel Murone, April Tan, Linda Hii, Degu Abebe, Peter W. Janes, Fook-Thean Lee, Mark Baer, Varghese Palath, Christopher Bebbington, Geoffrey Yarranton, Carmen Llerena, Slavisa Garic, David Abramson, Glenn Cartwright, Andrew M. Scott, Martin Lackmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are critical for cell–cell communication during normal and oncogenic tissue patterning and tumor growth. Somatic mutation profiles of several cancer genomes suggest EphA3 as a tumor suppressor, but its oncogenic expression pattern and role in tumorigenesis remain largely undefined. Here, we report unexpected EphA3 overexpression within the microenvironment of a range of human cancers and mouse tumor xenografts where its activation inhibits tumor growth. EphA3 is found on mouse bone marrow–derived cells with mesenchymal and myeloid phenotypes, and activation of EphA3+/CD90+/Sca1+ mesenchymal/stromal cells with an EphA3 agonist leads to cell contraction, cell–cell segregation, and apoptosis. Treatment of mice with an agonistic α-EphA3 antibody inhibits tumor growth by severely disrupting the integrity and function of newly formed tumor stroma and microvasculature. Our data define EphA3 as a novel target for selective ablation of the tumor microenvironment and demonstrate the potential of EphA3 agonists for anticancer therapy. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4470–81. ©2014 AACR.
Acute Myocardial Infarction Following Cocaine Abuse in a Young Woman With Normal Coronary Arteries
Authors: Russell E. Howard
Journal: JAMA (1985)

RECREATIONAL use of cocaine has increased dramatically in the last decade. One factor in this trend is the general belief that cocaine is not harmful, a concept supported by the relative scarcity of reports concerning its ill effects. Prior reports of myocardial infarction associated with cocaine occurred in individuals with preexistent angina or myocardial infarction. We report here the case of a young woman without evident heart disease who suffered an acute myocardial infarction associated with cocaine abuse. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 28-year-old woman began to use cocaine in her early 20s and gradually increased her use to more than 1 g/day. For the year prior to the day of admission she had abstained from use of this or any other drug. She used no tobacco or oral contraceptives and had normal levels of blood glucose and lipids. There was no personal or family history of cardiovascular disease. On
Myocardial injury after percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: Evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Willem G. van Dockum, Folkert J. ten Cate, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Aernout M. Beek, Jos W. Twisk, Mark B. Hofman, Cees A. Visser, Albert C. van Rossum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Reevaluation of Digitalis Efficacy
Authors: CYNTHIA D. MULROW
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Use of digitalis for the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm remains controversial. To ascertain the proper therapeutic role of digitalis, we have critically appraised the published clinical evidence of digitalis efficacy using standardized methodologic criteria. A search of the English literature from 1960 to 1982 identified 736 articles, of which 16 specifically addressed the clinical evaluation of digitalis therapy for patients with congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm. Only two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials provided clinically useful information. One study showed that digoxin therapy could be withdrawn successfully in elderly patients with stable congestive heart failure. The other showed that patients with chronic heart failure and an S3 gallop benefited from digoxin therapy.
New target region of allelic loss in hepatocellular carcinomas within a 1-cM interval on chromosome 6q23
Authors: Masaaki Koyama, Hisaki Nagai, Koichi Bando, Satoshi Matsumoto, Takashi Tajiri, Masahiko Onda, Masahide Ito, Yuukichi Moriyama, Mitsuru Emi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
So, those who can't do it, teach it?
Authors: Farhad B Naini
Journal: BMJ (2006)

has been shown in the development of new antithrombotic agents, as shown by the progress from unfractionated heparin to the low molecular weight heparins and thence, fondaparinux and similar agents.Although aspirin and clopidogrel have their place, particularly in arterial thrombosis, development of new anticoagulants focuses on targeting the coagulation pathway-for example, thrombin and factor Xa.As a class, the direct thrombin inhibitors (hirudin, ximelagatran, dabigatran) are beginning to find their place in situations where heparin use is limited, and some may eventually replace warfarin. 29Like fondaparinux, idraparinux is a heparinoid pentasaccharide, but the long half-life of the latter (80 hours) means it may be given once weekly. 29
The PAX2 tanscription factor is expressed in cystic and hyperproliferative dysplastic epithelia in human kidney malformations.
Authors: P J Winyard, R A Risdon, V R Sams, G R Dressler, A S Woolf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Human dysplastic kidneys are developmental aberrations which are responsible for many of the very young children with chronic renal failure. They contain poorly differentiated metanephric cells in addition to metaplastic elements. We recently demonstrated that apoptosis was prominent in undifferentiated cells around dysplastic tubules (Winyard, P.J.D., J. Nauta, D.S. Lirenman, P. Hardman, V.R. Sams, R.A. Risdon, and A.S. Woolf. 1996. Kidney Int. 49:135-146), perhaps explaining the tendency of some of these organs to regress. In contrast, apoptosis was rare in dysplastic epithelia which are thought to be ureteric bud malformations. On occasion, these tubules form cysts which distend the abdominal cavity (the multicystic dysplastic kidney) and dysplastic kidneys may rarely become malignant. We now demonstrate that dysplastic tubules maintain a high rate of proliferation postnatally and that PAX2, a potentially oncogenic transcription factor, is expressed in these epithelia. In contrast, both cell proliferation and PAX2 are downregulated during normal maturation of human collecting ducts. We demonstrate that BCL2, a protein which prevents apoptosis in renal mesenchymal to epithelia] conversion, is expressed ectopically in dysplastic kidney epithelia. We propose that dysplastic cyst formation may be understood in terms of aberrant temporal and spatial expression of master genes which are tightly regulated in the normal program of human nephrogenesis.
Endothelium dependency of contractile activity differs in infant and adult vertebral arteries.
Authors: J R Charpie, K D Schreur, S M Papadopoulos, R C Webb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Contractions to serotonin (5-HT) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in infant (0-2 yr) and adult (38-71 yr) vertebral arteries were examined in the presence of either the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide production. In addition, endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were characterized in arteries contracted with agonist. The results showed that: (a) Contractions of infant arteries to 5-HT or ET-1 decreased to 44 +/- 8% and 27 +/- 13%, respectively, within 10 min. Indomethacin or removal of endothelium abolished this decreased response, whereas L-NMMA had no effect. (b) Adult arteries produced sustained contractions to 5-HT or ET-1 that were unaffected by indomethacin, endothelium denudation, or L-NMMA. (c) Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were greater in infant than adult arteries and were abolished by indomethacin (but not L-NMMA) in infants and L-NMMA (but not indomethacin) in adults. Thus, endothelium-dependent responses in infant arteries are attenuated because of increased prostaglandin activity not observed in adult tissues. Additionally, there is an age-dependent change in the primary mechanism responsible for acetylcholine-induced vasodilation. Apparently, endothelium dependency of acetylcholine-induced relaxation is highly dependent on cyclooxygenase activity in the infant vertebral artery, but in the adult artery, nitric oxide is linked to the vasodilator response.
Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Comparison of Laparoscopic and Open Surgery
Authors: Masao Tsujihata, Norio Nonomura, Akira Tsujimura, Kazuhiro Yoshimura, Yasushi Miyagawa, Akihiko Okuyama
Journal: European Urology (2005)
FORMATION AND FUNCTION OF A COMPLEX OF THE C3 PROACTIVATOR WITH A PROTEIN FROM COBRA VENOM
Authors: Neil R. Cooper
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

The role of C3 proactivator (C3PA) and a factor isolated from cobra venom (CoF) in the formation of a principle able to cleave C3 was investigated. The results clearly demonstrate two modes of interaction of C3PA with CoF. In isolated form, C3PA and CoF were found to form a reversible protein-protein complex in free solution. This complex had some C3 cleaving activity. In the presence of minute amounts of a partially purified normal serum substance, factor D, the C3PA-CoF complex was stabilized and its efficiency in cleaving C3 was greatly increased. Factor D is thus an activator of C3PA. A firm complex composed of C3PA and CoF, and possessing C3 cleaving activity, was also formed by addition of CoF to serum.
Thrombocytopenia and interferon
Authors: M. Farkkila, M. Iivanainen
Journal: BMJ (1988)

oral and anal) inoculation of sperm and the development of antisperm antibodies in both men and women is needed.Widely read popular texts on sexology advise that swallowing sperm carries no hazard.5This advice may need to be modified for men and women who want children.
Metabolism of the Transplanted Heart
Authors: Theodore Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The autotransplanted heart, while free of rejection problems peculiar to homotransplantation, presents functional abnormalities<sup>1,2</sup>which may extend to cardiac failure during the postoperative period.<sup>3</sup>Nevertheless, many animals tolerate complete excision and reimplantation of the heart indefinitely.<sup>4</sup>The intrinsic adaptations required of the heart during the postoperative period are incompletely understood. We have, therefore, surveyed the effect of the operation on the activities of certain myocardial enzyme systems. This report details our experience with the myocardial adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Cardiac excision and reimplantation (orthotopic autotransplantation) was done in five dogs. This operation, described previously,<sup>5</sup>involves transection of the aorta, pulmonary artery, venae cavae, and left atrium, after which the heart is sutured into its original position. With the animal under general anesthesia the heart is rapidly excised and frozen in dry ice after separation into atrial, ventricular, and septal components. This was