tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dendritic cell depletion exacerbates acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
Authors: Michael K. Connolly, Diego Ayo, Ashim Malhotra, Michael Hackman, Andrea S. Bedrosian, Junaid Ibrahim, Napoleon E. Cieza-Rubio, Andrew H. Nguyen, Justin R. Henning, Monica Dorvil-Castro, Leon H. Pachter, George Miller
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the most frequent causes of acute liver failure in the United States and is primarily mediated by toxic metabolites that accumulate in the liver upon depletion of glutathione stores. However, cells of the innate immune system, including natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, and Kupffer cells, have also been implicated in the centrilobular liver necrosis associated with APAP. We have recently shown that dendritic cells (DCs) regulate intrahepatic inflammation in chronic liver disease and, therefore, postulated that DC may also modulate the hepatotoxic effects of APAP. We found that DC immune-phenotype was markedly altered after APAP challenge. In particular, liver DC expressed higher MHC II, costimulatory molecules, and Toll-like receptors, and produced higher interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Conversely, spleen DC were unaltered. However, APAP-induced centrilobular necrosis, and its associated mortality, was markedly exacerbated upon DC depletion. Conversely, endogenous DC expansion using FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) protected mice from APAP injury. Our mechanistic studies showed that APAP liver DC had the particular capacity to prevent NK cell activation and induced neutrophil apoptosis. Nevertheless, the exacerbated hepatic injury in DC-depleted mice challenged with APAP was independent of NK cells and neutrophils or numerous immune modulatory cytokines and chemokines. Conclusion: Taken together, these data indicate that liver DC protect against APAP toxicity, whereas their depletion is associated with exacerbated hepatotoxicity. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
Intravascular Coagulation and Ascitic-Fluid Infusion
Authors: ANDRÉ VIALLET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 August 1979Intravascular Coagulation and Ascitic-Fluid InfusionANDRÉ VIALLET, M.D., JEAN-PIERRE VILLENEUVE, M.D., M.SC.ANDRÉ VIALLET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEAN-PIERRE VILLENEUVE, M.D., M.SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-318 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their very informative paper in the May 1979 issue, Harmon and coworkers (1) have described their findings of disseminated intravascular coagulation in cirrhotic patients in whom a peritoneovenous shunt was installed. In their discussion, they state that extracorporeal ultrafiltration devices for the reinfusion of ascitic fluid have not been associated with laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation.In 1977, we reported our findings (2) in eight patients, with diuretic-resistant ascites due to cirrhosis, treated 11 times by reinfusion of concentrated ascitic fluid (Rhodiascit, Rhône-Poulenc, France). Coagulation abnormalities were found during 10 procedures. Significant drops of the...References1. HARMONDEMIRJIANELLMANFISCHER DZLJ. Disseminated intravascular coagulation with the peritoneovenous shunt. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:774-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VILLENEUVETHUOTMARLEAUJOLYHUETVIALLET JCDJPA. Treatment of resistant ascites by continuous ultrafiltration-reinfusion of ascitic fluid. Can Med Assoc J. 1977;117:1296-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar1. HARMONDEMIRJIANELLMANFISCHER DZLJ. Disseminated intravascular coagulation with the peritoneovenous shunt. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:774-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. PARBHOOAJDUKIEWICZSHERLOCK SAS. Treatment of ascites by continuous ultrafiltration and reinfusion of protein concentrate. Lancet 1974;1:949-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LEVYOPOLONPAULEAUCAROLI VPNJ. Treatment of ascites by reinfusion of concentrated peritoneal fluid-review of 318 procedures in 210 patients. Postgrad Med J. 1975;51:564-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WILKINSONDAVIDSONHENDERSONWILLIAMS SAJR. Ascites reinfusion using the Rhodiascit appartus: clinical experience and coagulation abnormalities. Postgrad Med J. 1975;51:583-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Clinical Research Center Hôpital Saint-Luc Montreal, PQ H2X 3J4 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByVitamin-K-Resorptions- und Verwertungsstörungen, Hämostasedefekte bei LebererkrankungenMain Problems in the Treatment of Bleeding in Cirrhotic PatientsIntravascular Coagulation, Ascitic Fluid Infusion, and EndotoxinDONATO FUMAROLA, M.D. 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 318-319KeywordsAscitesCirrhosisDisseminated intravascular coagulationResearch laboratoriesUltrafiltration Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A piece of my mind. Monday morning clinic
Authors: A. Zuger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lunar Effect on Mental Illness: The Relationship of Moon Phase to Psychiatric Emergencies
Authors: STEPHEN F. BAUER, EDWARD J. HORNICK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The authors examined the frequency of use of the psychiatric emergency room of an extremely busy municipal hospital and were unable to demonstrate any relationship between moon phase and mental illness. An area for further study, aimed at a subsample including the most agitated patients, is suggested.
Neonatal deletion and selective expansion of mouse T cells by exposure to rabies virus nucleocapsid superantigen.
Authors: M Lafon, D Scott-Algara, P N Marche, P A Cazenave, E Jouvin-Marche
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

The nucleocapsid (NC) of the rabies virus behaves as an exogenous superantigen (SAg) in humans. In the present report, we analyzed whether it is also a SAg in mice by studying the effect of NC on T cell receptor (TCR) V beta expression in BALB/c mice. Repeated injection of NC in newborn BALB/c mice led to a marked reduction by two- to sixfold of V beta 6 expressing CD4+ T cells in spleen and in peripheral blood. Decrease of V beta 6-expressing CD3+ mature T cells was also observed in thymus. Single NC injection in footpad resulted in a three- to sixfold expansion of V beta 6 CD4+ T cells, but not of CD8+ T cells, in the draining lymph nodes of BALB/c mice. The intensity of the stimulation was dose dependent and was maximal 3 d after the NC injection. The clonal deletion of T cells bearing a particular V beta demonstrates that NC is a SAg in mice. T cells, especially CD4+ T cells, are an essential factor in host resistance to rabies virus and also in the pathophysiology of paralysis; thus, we postulate that a rabies virus component, which stimulates T cells, such as a SAg, may increase virus immunopathogenicity. To evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the course of rabies in adult BALB/c lacking V beta 6, 7, 8.1, and 9 T cells and in normal BALB/c. Immune-related paralysis was decreased in BALB/c missing the NC target V beta T cells. Transfer of V beta 6 but not of V beta 8.1-3 T cells into recipient mice lacking V beta 6, 7, 8.1, and 9 allowed the immune-related paralysis to evolve. Taken together, these results strongly support the hypothesis that T cells expressing rabies SAg-specific V beta 6 T cells, are involved in the genesis of the immunopathology that is characteristic of paralytic rabies.
593 CIRCULATING TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR (TLR) 2, TLR4 AND CD4+CD25+CD127LOW/− REGULATORY T CELLS CORRELATE WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Y. Zhang, J.-Q. Lian, C.-X. Huang, J.-P. Wang, P.-Z. Wang, X.-F. Bai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The Postnatal Development of the Human Cerebral Cortex. Vol VII: The Cortex of the Four-Year Child
Authors: Wendell J. S. Krieg
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The Neuromuscular Maturation of the Human Infant.  By Myrtle B. McGraw. 140 pp. $3.75. Hafner Publishing Co., 31 E Tenth St, New York 3, 1963  Since Professor Conel's retirement from the Professorship of Anatomy at Boston University Medical School, he has been engaged in research on the development of the several areas of the human cerebral cortex. This is the seventh volume to appear (the first was issued in 1939).  Microscopic sections of all cortical areas have been prepared by cresyl violet, Cajal and Golgi-Cox methods, and each layer of each area is appraised statistically on the basis of nine criteria. This results in an enormous amount of description and complex tables, while collotype plates illustrate the structure of each area. The findings of the study are summarized in a 28-page section detailing degree of development, with relation to other areas and preceding stages, arranged according to each of the
Androgens and environmental antiandrogens affect reproductive development and play behavior in the Sprague-Dawley rat.
Authors: A K Hotchkiss, J S Ostby, J G Vandenburgh, L E Gray
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In mammals, exposure to androgens early in development is essential for masculinization of the male reproductive phenotype. Male fetuses exposed to antiandrogens during perinatal life are permanently demasculinized in their morphology and physiology, whereas exposure to exogenous androgens permanently masculinizes females. In some litter-bearing species, proximity(italic) in utero(/italic) of females to males can partially masculinize female siblings and alter their responsiveness to endocrine-disrupting compounds. However, in our strain of rat (CD-SD Charles River), intrauterine position does not significantly influence testosterone concentrations and anogenital distance of fetuses. In comparison, administration of testosterone propionate to pregnant females, at doses that doubled fetal female testosterone levels, did masculinize the reproductive system. Discovery of androgen-active chemicals in the environment has placed increased emphasis on describing the reproductive and behavioral effects of both natural and environmental androgens and antiandrogens. Recently, the effects of an antiandrogen, vinclozolin, on the brain and behavior were cited as a special concern by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in its risk assessment of this pesticide. In rats, one such behavior that is perinatally organized by androgens is social play. Males play more than females, and administration of exogenous androgens during the neonatal period alters the juvenile expression of this sexually dimorphic behavior. Vinclozolin is an androgen receptor antagonist that inhibits androgen-dependent tissue growth in vivo. We were interested in whether developmental exposure to vinclozolin could also alter androgen-dependent behaviors such as play. Neonatal male rats were injected on postnatal days (PNDs) 2 and 3 with corn oil, the pharmacologic antiandrogen flutamide (50 mg/kg), or vinclozolin (200 mg/kg). On PNDs 36-37 animals were observed for social play. Behaviors associated with general social activity such as sniffing and dorsal contact were unaffected by treatment. However, play behavior in males treated with flutamide or vinclozolin was significantly reduced, resembling levels of play characteristic of females rather than untreated males. Therefore, this study demonstrates that perinatal exposure to vinclozolin, an environmental antiandrogen, can alter androgen-dependent play behavior in the male rat.
Doctors' unawareness of the drugs their patients are taking: a major cause of overprescribing?
Authors: D Price, J Cooke, S Singleton, M Feely
Journal: BMJ (1986)

We studied the accuracy of both hospital and general practitioners9 records of current drug treatment in consecutive patients who attended a general medical review clinic. Either the hospital or the general practitioner9s records (obtained in a questionnaire), or both, were inaccurate for over 70% of 59 patients interviewed with their medicine. Most of the errors were due to patients taking drugs in addition to those shown in their records. Some of these were inappropriate, and many seemed unnecessary. It appears that neither hospital doctors nor general practitioners are fully aware which drugs their patients are taking, and this may contribute to overprescribing. We believe that considerable financial savings might be made if patients brought all their medicines to every consultation.
P258Redox-state of pentraxin 3 as a novel biomarker for resolution of inflammation and survival in sepsis
Authors: F Cuello, M Shankar-Hari, U Mayr, X Yin, M Marshall, P Willeit, SR Langley, M Terblanche, AM Shah, M Mayr
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: With regards to biomarker discovery, proteomics has overpromised, but underdelivered. The cardiovascular field is no exception. The plasma proteome is the most complex proteome of the human body. An alternative strategy is the application of proteomics to diseased tissues, where the potential biomarkers are less dilute. Methods and Results: We have applied our proteomics method for cardiac extracellular proteins to biomarker discovery in septic hearts. C57Bl6 mice were injected with LPS, their cardiac proteome was subfractionated and extracellular proteins were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Among the most differentially expressed proteins was long pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an acute phase protein, secreted by various cells and tissues, that is known to be associated with increased mortality in septic patients. Interestingly, PTX3 accumulated in the cardiac extracellular matrix as an octamer due to disulphide-bond formation. An octameric and tetrameric moiety of PTX3 was also detectable in plasma. Over a time course of 11 days, the redox-state of PTX3 was quantified in septic patients (n=31). On admission to the intensive care unit, there was no difference in the redox state of PTX3 between survivors and non-survivors. From day 2 onwards, however, the conversion of octameric to monomeric PTX3 was consistently associated with a greater survival after 28 days of follow-up. For example, on day 2 post admission, octameric PTX3 was undetectable in survivors, but still constituted more than half of total PTX3 in non-survivors (p<0.001). Although monomeric PTX3 was inversely associated with cardiac damage markers such as NT-proBNP, high sensitive troponin I and T, octamer- and monomer-PTX3 levels predicted the 28-day survival better than a model containing NT-proBNP only. Conclusion: Sepsis is associated with significant mortality. In comparison to the conventional measurements of total PTX3, the assessment of the redox-sensitive oligomerization of PTX3 was more dynamic and could be a superior predictor of inflammation resolution and disease outcome in septic patients.
Separated Renal Function Studies in Renal and Renovascular Hypertension.
Authors: James C. Hunt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Separated Renal Function Studies in Renal and Renovascular Hypertension.James C. Hunt, M.D., F.A.C.P., Frank T. Maher, M.D., Laurence F. Green, M.D., Mahlon K. Burbank, M.D., James C. Broadbent, M.D. (Associate)James C. Hunt, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Frank T. Maher, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Laurence F. Green, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Mahlon K. Burbank, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, James C. Broadbent, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-337_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 100 hypertensive patients 18 to 64 years old, the function of each kidney was studied separately by means of ureteral catheterization. Determination was made of urinary minute volume, osmolarity, concentration of sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, inulin, and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), clearance of inulin and PAH, and reabsorption of filtered sodium and water. Excretory urography was performed in all patients, isotope renography in 90, and renal arteriography in 85. Stenosis of renal arteries was demonstrated in 59 patients, atrophic pyelonephritis in 13, and renal tumor in 1; of the remaining 27, the only renovascular abnormality was one or more aberrant... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James C. Hunt, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Frank T. Maher, M.D.; Laurence F. Green, M.D.; Mahlon K. Burbank, M.D.; James C. Broadbent, M.D. (Associate)Affiliations: Rochester, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFunctional characteristics of the separate kidneys in hypertensive man 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 337-337KeywordsCreatinineHypertensionKidneysPotassiumPyelographyPyelonephritisRenal arteriesSodiumStenosisUrea ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Haematemesis and ectopic pregnancy.
Authors: E J Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1984)

established treatment with 3 blockers, although a high incidence of intolerance has been reported with primidone.We have encountered adverse reactions (nausea, vomiting, dizziness) in some patients after a single small dosefor example, 62-5 mg orally.The cause of this acute sensitivity (toxicity) is not clear.There is, however, evidence to indicate that this problem could be circumvented by prior exposure to phenobarbitone or other drugs to induce the liver enzymes involved in the metabolism of primidone.10In our experience tranquillising and sedative drugs can be useful in attenuating essential tremor.Their effectiveness is, however, proportional to the degree ofsedation produced.Alcohol, thouah strikingly effective in some patients, cannot be considered as realistic treatment.
The Kidney in Gout and Hyperuricemia
Authors: Michael H. Humphreys
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This is a concise collection of articles from world-famous authors who have in common an interest in uric acid metabolism and a previous association with Dr Alexander B. Gutman. Consequently, the views represented may seem a little parochial, but the presentation of data is complete, and areas of controversy are acknowledged.  An initial chapter chronicles some of the personal experiences and views of Dr John H. Talbott in the field of hyperuricemia. It is a well-written historical overview that places much of our current understanding in interesting perspective. Of note is Dr Talbott's sense that long-standing hyperuricemia has a toxic effect on the kidney, a viewpoint contested in later chapters. Dr Irwin M. Weiner has contributed a scholarly and comprehensive review of current information on the renal handling of urate, which is lucid and well organized. A chapter on renal function in gout by Dr Berger is of importance primarily
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 3–Mediated Activating Transcription Factor 1 Phosphorylation Enhances Cell Transformation
Authors: Duo Zheng, Yong-Yeon Cho, Andy T.Y. Lau, Jishuai Zhang, Wei-Ya Ma, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-3, a member of the cdk family of kinases, plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and is involved in G(0)-G(1) and G(1)-S cell cycle transitions. However, the role of cdk3 in cell proliferation, as well as cell transformation, is not yet clearly understood. Here, we report that the protein expression level of cdk3 is higher in human cancer cell lines and human glioblastoma tissue compared with normal brain tissue. Furthermore, we found that cdk3 phosphorylates activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) at serine 63 and enhances the transactivation and transcriptional activities of ATF1. Results also indicated that siRNA directed against cdk3 (si-cdk3) suppresses ATF1 activity, resulting in inhibition of proliferation and growth of human glioblastoma T98G cells in soft agar. Importantly, we showed that cdk3 enhances epidermal growth factor-induced transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells and si-cdk3 suppresses Ras(G12V)/cdk3/ATF1-induced foci formation in NIH3T3 cells. These results clearly showed that the cdk3-ATF1 signaling axis is critical for cell proliferation and transformation.
Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: Combined Chemotherapy and Radiation
Authors: R. B. Livingston, T. N. Moore, L. Heilbrun, R. Bottomley, Daniel E. Lehane, S. E. Rivkin, T. Thigpen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Chemotherapy (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) was given in a sequential fashion with radiation of the primary tumor and brain to 358 patients with small-cell lung carcinoma (extensive disease in 250, limited in 108). Complete regression of tumor was obtained in 14% of patients with extensive disease and 41% of patients with limited disease, and complete or partial response in 57% and 75%, respectively. Median survival was 26 weeks for patients with extensive disease and 52 weeks for those with limited disease. Response duration was longer for patients in complete remission; one third had disease-free survival > 1 year. Toxicity from the combined treatment modalities was no greater than expected from the components given separately: fatal in 3.9%, and life-threatening but reversible in 8.4% of patients. Whole-brain radiation was effective in preventing isolated relapse at that site. This therapy appears both feasible and effective, with acceptable risks and some benefit to most patients.
Maintaining Standards of Education While Expanding Physician Production
Authors: John C. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1970)

I will consider standards of education as determined by the attitudes and convictions of the faculty of an established school. When confronted with an increase in student enrollment, what are the questions we ask, the problems we foresee, and the alternative modifications in programs from which we can choose? What questions can we answer; what problems can we solve; what doubts remain? <h3>Should We Increase Enrollments?</h3> In our school, 14 of 15 department chairmen considered an increase in the size of the first-year class of a hypothetical 80% or so magnitude as "vital" or "highly desirable" (one refused to answer!). Few members of the faculty have been heard to deny the existence of a national health manpower shortage or the high priority that must be assigned to expanding enrollments. These few have directed their questions to whether the increased numbers will alleviate health care problems where they are most acute,