tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Can serotonin agonists unlock age-dependent failure of liver regeneration?
Authors: Stephen J. Wigmore
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

The function of the liver is well-preserved during the aging process, although some evidence suggests that liver regeneration might be impaired with advanced age. We observed a decreased abil- ity of the liver to restore normal volume after partial hepatectomy in elderly mice, and we identified a pathway that rescued regeneration and was triggered by serotonin. 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI), a serotonin receptor agonist, reversed the age-related pseudo- capillarization of old liver and improved hepatosinusoidal blood flow. After hepatectomy, the open fenestrae were associated with a restored attachment of platelets to endothelium and the initiation of a normal regenerative response, including the up-regulation of essential growth mediators and serotonin receptors. In turn, hepato- cyte proliferation recovered along with regain of liver volume and animal survival. DOI operates through the release of VEGF, and its effects could be blocked with anti-VEGF antibodies both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that pseudocapillarization in the aged acts as a barrier to liver regeneration. DOI breaks this restraint through an endothelium-dependent mechanism driven by VEGF. This pathway highlights a target for reversing the age-associated decline in the capacity of the liver to regenerate. 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the European Association for the Study of the Liver.
Liposomal Enhancement of the Antitumor Activity of Conditionally Replication-Competent Adenoviral Plasmids
Authors: Patricia Yotnda, A.R Davis, M.J Hicks, N.S Templeton, M.K Benner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Many human tumors have a functional deficiency in p53. Numerous studies have taken advantage of this phenomenon to use a conditionally replication-competent adenovirus (Ad dl1520) that will grow in and lyse tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. However, success has been limited, in part due to difficulties in reaching a sufficiently high proportion of tumor cells. Preexisting or developing immune responses directed toward viral proteins further decrease the efficacy of the approach. We have developed a liposome-encapsulated conditionally replication-competent plasmid based on the dl1520 virus. Like the parent virus, this plasmid generates infectious particles following transfection of p53-defective, but not p53-wild-type tumor cells, but unlike the parent virus it is able to infect CAR-negative tumor cells. The antitumor efficacy of this infectious plasmid was demonstrated in mice with xenografted human tumors, in which it was active after both local and intravenous administration for subcutaneous tumors and following intravenous administration for disseminated malignancy. Activity was retained systemically, even in the presence of neutralizing antibody. Such liposomally encapsulated conditionally replication-competent plasmids may complement the use of conventional viral particles, particularly in settings in which liver uptake of adenoviral vector is undesirable or there are problematic inhibitory effects from humoral immune responses.
More than half of Ugandan AIDS patients don’t get the drugs they need
Authors: Henry Wasswa
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The number of Ugandans with AIDS who are being treated with antiretroviral drugs is now 110 000, but health authorities say that more than twice that number should be receiving them.

“We have about one million people with AIDS in the country,” said Emmanuel Otala, Uganda’s minister for primary health care, last week. “A total of 250 000 deserve to be put on the ARVs [antiretrovirals] because their CD4 count has reduced to below 200. Of these, so far there are only 110 000 on …
Proposal for Health-Hazard Appraisal in Comprehensive Health Care
Authors: Joseph F. Sadusk
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A concept is proposed for the use of health-hazard appraisal as a method of outlining a preventive medicine program in comprehensive health care by the physician. The principle is based upon the fact that every individual is faced with certain quantifiable health hazards as a member of a sex-age-race constituted group; and further, that these average risks may be adjusted to the individual if the clinician knows the patient's prognostic characteristics and the mortality experience of cohorts with similar prognostic characteristics. The concept is applicable to the three types of hazards of premature death; those of potential (asymptomatic) importance from a statistical basis, those of early (incipient) disease, and those of fully developed (overt) disease.
Occupational asthma caused by fish inhalation
Authors: J. Rodríguez, M. Reaño, R. Vives, G. Canto, P. Daroca, J. F. Crespo, C. Vila, O. Villarreal, Z. Bensabat
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Occupational asthma (OA) due to fish inhalation, confirmed by specific bronchial challenge (SBC), has not been described as yet in medical literature, as far as we know. We describe two patients whose asthma was induced by occupational exposure to fish and confirmed by serial measurements of PEFR and SBC. Two fish‐processing workers reported asthma symptoms related to their workplace. They were skin tested with fish extracts and their sera assayed for IgE antibodies to various fish species. Nonspecific bronchial reactivity was assessed by methacholine challenge. The occupational relationship was confirmed by PEFR monitoring in working and off‐work periods. SBC with fish extracts was carried out to confirm the diagnosis of OA. Skin tests with raw and cooked plaice, salmon, hake, and tuna in patient 1 and anchovy, sardine, trout, salmon, Atlantic pomfret, and sole in patient 2 were positive. Specific IgE serum antibodies were found to salmon in patient 1 and to trout, anchovy, and salmon in patient 2. PEFR measurements differed significantly (P&lt;0.001) between work and off‐work periods for both patients. A bronchial challenge with methacholine was positive in patient 1. SBC with raw hake, salmon, plaice, and tuna extracts in patient 1 and raw salmon extract in patient 2 were all positive with an immediate response. SBC with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract was entirely negative in both patients. In three asthmatic, non‐fish‐allergic controls, SBC with tuna, hake, salmon, and plaice were all negative. These results suggest that fish inhalation can elicit IgE‐mediated occupational asthma.
Explorations into the Nature of the Living Cell
Authors: F. T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In this book half a century of fascinating investigations into the structure and activity of animal and vegetable cells, largely by ingenious methods of micromanipulation, is summarized. The problem of defining protoplasm, an exercise in semantics which some people consider ultimately futile, is briefly dealt with in the introductory pages. This leads, however, to the interesting attempts, detailed in subsequent chapters, to separate the dispensable from the indispensable parts of a cell; increasingly delicate studies of the chemical and physical properties of the various parts of the Arbacia egg and other interesting cell-types follow naturally. Since the time when much of this work was done, many new techniques have become available to the microscopist, and the specialized studies represented by this book have been supplemented by a wealth of information from other sources. Nevertheless, this account of the investigations of Robert Chambers and his co-workers is of permanent value and
Silicone horseshoe ties off reflux
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Turning the Tide Against Cancer Through Sustained Medical Innovation: The Pathway to Progress
Authors: Amy Abernethy, Edward Abrahams, Anna Barker, Ken Buetow, Randy Burkholder, William S. Dalton, Margaret Foti, Felix Frueh, Richard B. Gaynor, Marcia Kean, Zeba Khan, Tracy Lessor, J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, John Mendelsohn, Laura van't Veer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

An ever-expanding understanding of the molecular basis of the more than 200 unique diseases collectively called cancer, combined with efforts to apply these insights to clinical care, is forming the foundation of an era of personalized medicine that promises to improve cancer treatment. At the same time, these extraordinary opportunities are occurring in an environment of intense pressure to contain rising healthcare costs. This environment presents a challenge to oncology research and clinical care, because both are becoming progressively more complex and expensive, and because the current tools to measure the cost and value of advances in care (e.g., comparative effectiveness research, cost-effectiveness analysis, and health technology assessments) are not optimized for an ecosystem moving toward personalized, patient-centered care. Reconciling this tension will be essential to maintaining progress in a cost-constrained environment, especially because emerging innovations in science (e.g., increasing identification of molecular biomarkers) and in clinical process (implementation of a learning healthcare system) hold potential to dramatically improve patient care, and may ultimately help address the burden of rising costs. For example, the rapid pace of innovation taking place within oncology calls for increased capability to integrate clinical research and care to enable continuous learning, so that lessons learned from each patient treated can inform clinical decision making for the next patient. Recognizing the need to define the policies required for sustained innovation in cancer research and care in an era of cost containment, the stakeholder community must engage in an ongoing dialogue and identify areas for collaboration. This article reflects and seeks to amplify the ongoing robust discussion and diverse perspectives brought to this issue by multiple stakeholders within the cancer community, and to consider how to frame the research and regulatory policies necessary to sustain progress against cancer in an environment of constrained resources.
Scleroderma and Pseudoscleroderma: Systemic Scleroderma, Morphea, and Allied Conditions
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Obviously well-acquainted both with clinical scleroderma and with concepts about scleroderma, the authors have written a first-rate monograph which may need to be better advertised to reach the proper readers. The book is not an introduction to the subject. It is appropriate for the specialist, some residents, and a few well-supervised students, because unusual emphases and some modifications in terminology require careful interpretation if one also is to understand the Anglo-American literature.  The authors do not hesitate to make generalizations or answer controversial questions, and their devotion to practical answers is commendable. The book opens with a concise review of pathogenesis, touching on each vague theory about hormones, infections, or allergy. The pertinent evidence for including scleroderma in a collagen disease group is reviewed and found inadequate. The unfamiliar European literature is summarized by subject and discussed with our familiar literature about scleroderma.  The immunologic changes in the disease are
Collaborative Centralized Reminder/Recall Notification to Increase Immunization Rates Among Young Children
Authors: Allison Kempe, Alison W. Saville, L. Miriam Dickinson, Brenda Beaty, Sheri Eisert, Dennis Gurfinkel, Sarah Brewer, Heather Shull, Diana Herrero, Rachel Herlihy
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Reminder/recall notifications used by primary care practices increase the rates of childhood immunizations, but fewer than 20% of primary care practitioners nationally deliver such reminders. A reminder/recall notification conducted centrally by health departments in collaboration with primary care practices may reduce practice burden, reach children without a primary care practitioner, and decrease the cost of reminders/recalls.To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of collaborative centralized (CC) vs practice-based (PB) reminder/recall approaches using the Colorado Immunization Information System (CIIS).We performed a randomized pragmatic trial from September 7, 2012, through March 17, 2013, including 18,235 children aged 19 to 35 months in 15 Colorado counties.In CC counties, children who needed at least 1 immunization were sent as many as 4 reminders/recalls by mail or autodialed telephone calls by the CIIS. Primary care practices in these counties were given the option of endorsing the reminder/recall notification by adding the practice name to the message. In PB counties, primary care practices were invited to web-based reminder/recall training and offered financial support for sending notifications.Documentation of any new immunization within 6 months constituted the primary outcome; achieving up-to-date (UTD) immunization status was secondary. We assessed the cost and cost-effectiveness of each approach and used a generalized linear mixed-effects model to assess the effect of the intervention on outcomes.In PB counties, 24 of 308 primary care practices (7.8%) attended reminder/recall training and 2 primary care practices (0.6%) endorsed reminder/recall notifications. Within CC counties, 129 of 229 practices (56.3%) endorsed the reminder/recall letter. Documentation rates for at least 1 immunization were 26.9% for CC vs 21.7% for PB counties (P < .001); 12.8% vs 9.3% of patients, respectively, achieved UTD status (P < .001). The effect of CC counties on children's UTD status was greater when the reminder/recall notification was endorsed by the primary care practice (19.2% vs 9.8%; P < .001). The total cost of the CC reminder/recall was $28 620 or $11.75 per child for any new immunization and $24.72 per child achieving UTD status; the total cost to the 2 practices that conducted PB reminders/recalls was $74.00 per child for any immunization and $124.45 per child achieving UTD status. The modeling resulted in an adjusted odds ratio of 1.31 (95% CI, 1.16-1.48) for any new immunization in CC vs PB counties.A CC reminder/recall notification was more effective and more cost-effective than a PB system, although the effect size was modest. Endorsement by practices may further increase the effectiveness of CC reminder/recall.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01557621.
Moving From Child Advocacy to Evidence-Based Care for Digital Natives
Authors: Michael Rich
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
IL-18 is not therapeutic for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Yoshio Hirano, Tetsuhiro Yasuma, Takeshi Mizutani, Benjamin J Fowler, Valeria Tarallo, Reo Yasuma, Younghee Kim, Ana Bastos-Carvalho, Nagaraj Kerur, Bradley D Gelfand, Sasha Bogdanovich, Shikun He, Xiaohui Zhang, Miho Nozaki, Ryo Ijima, Hiroki Kaneko, Yuichiro Ogura, Hiroko Terasaki, Hiroshi Nagai, Isao Haro, Gabriel Núñez, Balamurali K Ambati, David R Hinton, Jayakrishna Ambati
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
A Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Proactive Management in Pediatric Subjects with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Tatsuki Fukuie, Ichiro Nomura, Masami Narita, Tsukasa Suzuki, Iwao Tajima, Osamu Natsume, Tomohide Taguchi, Tsutomu Ogata, Yoshiki Tokura, Kenji Matsumoto, Yukihiro Ohya
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Guidelines of care for psoriasis
Authors: Lynn A. Drake, Roger I. Ceilley, Raymond L. Cornelison, William A. Dobes, William Dorner, Robert W. Goltz, Charles W. Lewis, Stuart J. Salasche, Maria L. Chanco Turner, Alan Menter, Robert B. Skinner, Michael D. Zanolli, William L. Dobes
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1993)
Polyethylene Tube: Another Knotty Problem
Authors: Hari C. Puri
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  We read with interest the letter by Harold H. Morris III, MD, (237:1432, 1977) regarding a knot formation as a complication in the use of nasogastric intubation. Recently we encountered a similar problem in the use of polyethylene tubing (PT) to rethread peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC).  We have used PT to reinsert PDC if, immediately after insertion of the latter, there is poor or no return of dialysate. Despite taking appropriate precautions, the catheter may be plugged with fibrin, or the return of dialysate may be poor because of mechanical problems. Since the field is sterile, we thread the PT through the PDC, remove the PDC, reinsert another catheter, and remove the inner PT. The procedure is simple and by-passes the need for reinsertion of the catheter at another site.  Recently, we ran into a problem while reinserting the catheter in a 3-year-old. The PT was passed
Comparison of Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase Induction in Cultured Blood Lymphocytes and Pulmonary Macrophages
Authors: Theodore L. McLemore, R. Russell Martin, Kenneth L. Toppell, David L. Busbee, Elroy T. Cantrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction was studied in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes and pulmonary alveolar macrophages from 15 smokers and 8 nonsmokers with a variety of pulmonary diseases. Enzyme levels in lymphocytes from cigarette smokers cultured in medium without an inducing agent were 57+/-6 mU/10(6) cells (mean+/-SEM), while enzyme levels in lymphocytes from nonsmokers were 20+/-2 mU/10(6) cells (P < 0.001). When lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of the inducing agent, benzo-(a)anthracene, enzyme activity was increased to 168+/-23 mU/10(6) cells in smokers' cells and 99+/-22 mU/10(6) cells in lymphocytes from nonsmokers (P < 0.04). When noninduced enzyme values in cultured macrophages were compared, smokers' cells had enzyme levels of 45+/-5 mU/10(6) cells, whereas nonsmokers had enzyme activity of 24+/-2 mU/10(6) cells (P < 0.002). However, pulmonary macrophages from smokers or nonsmokers, cultured in the presence of benzo(a)-anthracene, had similar levels of induced enzyme activity (P > 0.1). A positive correlation was observed for nonsmokers (r = 0.596, P > 0.1 <0.2) or smokers (r = 0.640, P < 0.04), when enzyme values for noninduced cultures of macrophages and lymphocytes from individual patients were simultaneously compared. Enzyme values for macrophages and lymphocytes cultured in the presence of an inducer also revealed a positive correlation for individual smokers (r = 0.801, P < 0.001) or nonsmokers (r = 0.785, P < 0.01). Inducibility (expressed as fold-induction) for macrophages and lymphocytes from individual patients was also positively correlated (r = 0.889, P < 0.001 for nonsmokers and r = 0.942, P < 0.001 for smokers). These results indicate that the capacity for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction is similar whether tested in lymphocytes or pulmonary macrophages from this group of pulmonary disease patients.
Forecasting Physician Workforce Requirements-Reply
Authors: Jonathan P. Weiner
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —A key goal of my article was to help revitalize interest in the long-dormant topic of physician workforce planning. Based on the letters herein, others sent to me personally, and related editorials printed in many major newspapers, it appears that I have been, at least to some degree, successful. Accepting my charge from the Council on Graduate Medical Education, I attempted to portray the likely outcomes of one set of assumptions, which included growth in managed care plans and universal insurance coverage. Although I did my best to adopt a set of defendable suppositions, I claim neither a monopoly on truth nor prophetic abilities. To the contrary, as stated in my article and in other writings,<sup>1</sup>it is essential that scrutiny be directed at all assumptions embodied in this or any other forecasting model. Thus, I am gratified that your readers are suggesting alternative scenarios and perspectives.
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome: Diagnostic problems and therapeutic options
Authors: Jeroen C.J. Eikenboom, Pernilla Tjernberg, Vincent Van Marion, Karel J. Heering
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract We present a case of acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) due to a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Initially this case was diagnosed as congenital von Willebrand disease (VWD); however, re‐examination of the medical history rendered a congenital bleeding disorder unlikely. A normal plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) propeptide level and a very short half‐life of VWF after a test infusion with factor VIII/VWF concentrate confirmed the diagnosis AVWS. Two major surgical procedures were successfully managed using high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin. The differential diagnosis with congenital VWD and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of AVWS are discussed. We conclude that the diagnosis of AVWS relies primarily on clinical suspicion and a careful bleeding history. A correct diagnosis is essential for optimal perioperative management and treatment of bleeding episodes. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.