tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous delivery of low-level laser energy reverses histamine-induced spasm in atherosclerotic Yucatan microswine.
Authors: D Gal, S K Chokshi, M Mosseri, R H Clarke, J M Isner
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Previous in vitro experiments performed in our laboratory have shown that low-level laser energy may produce prompt reduction in isometric tension of vascular smooth muscle. The present study was designed to extend these previous in vitro findings to an in vivo model and thereby investigate the hypothesis that laser light delivered percutaneously in vivo could successfully reverse arterial spasm. METHODS AND RESULTS Spasm defined as greater than 50% reversible reduction in luminal diameter persisting for greater than or equal to 5 minutes was successfully provoked by injection of histamine (100-400 micrograms/kg) in 13 arteries among 10 atherosclerotic Yucatan microswine; the magnitude of histamine-induced vasoconstriction was then documented angiographically by repeated injections of contrast media for as long as 30 minutes (controls). After return of angiographic luminal diameter to baseline, spasm was reproduced with a second injection of histamine into the same artery. Representative wavelengths generated by ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared lasers were then delivered percutaneously via conventional fiberoptics to the site of spasm, and angiographic assessment was repeated for as long as 30 minutes (treatment trial). In three arteries treated with UV (351 nm) light from an excimer laser, angiographic luminal diameter narrowing decreased from 100% to 23.9%, 50.0% to 9.3%, and 76.0% to 42.3%, respectively. The magnitude of laser-induced increase in luminal diameter was 50.2 +/- 22.7%, which was significantly greater than the magnitude of relaxation observed spontaneously during the control trials (10.9 +/- 9.8%, p = 0.02). Visible light from a helium-neon (632 nm) laser accomplished complete reversal of histamine-induced spasm in two of four arteries; in the remaining two arteries, luminal diameter narrowing percentages were reduced from 57.0% to 20.0% and from 76.5% to 30.8%, respectively. The magnitude of helium-neon laser-induced relaxation (55.8 +/- 17.9%) was again significantly greater than that observed during the control trials (0.9 +/- 1.9%, p = 0.01). Finally, infrared irradiation from a diode-pumped neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (1,064 nm) laser decreased histamine-induced luminal diameter narrowing in three arteries from 100% to 21.4%, 56.0% to 8.7%, and 68.3% to 35.3%, respectively. The magnitude of infrared laser-induced improvement in luminal diameter narrowing was 53.0 +/- 23.3%, which was significantly greater than that observed during the control trials (12.9 +/- 10.7%, p = 0.01). In three additional arteries, fiberoptic sham trials (without laser irradiation) failed to produce relaxation of histamine-induced spasm. CONCLUSIONS These findings document for the first time that light-induced relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, previously documented in vitro, may be reproduced in vivo.
The Uncritical Use of High-Tech Medical Imaging
Authors: Bruce J. Hillman, Jeff C. Goldsmith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The use of advanced imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron-emission tomography (PET) has made diagnosis more accurate and less invasive for nearly all organ systems. Unfortunately, as the use of imaging has rapidly increased, imaging costs have grown as well. Indeed, until recently, these costs were the fastest-growing physician-directed expenditures in the Medicare program, far outstripping general medical inflation.1,2 Such dramatic growth has placed imaging in the policy spotlight. There is broad agreement that an unknown but substantial fraction of imaging examinations are unnecessary and do not positively contribute to patient care. . . .
Challenges in Cardiology I
Authors: Jonathan D. Marmur
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<i>Challenges in Cardiology I</i>will presumably be followed by<i>II, III</i>, etc. It therefore becomes difficult to criticize the selection of chapters, because additional topics may appear in subsequent volumes. The contents of the book, actually, would be more consistent with the title "Clinical Update" than "Challenges." The most serious challenges in cardiology are such things as elucidating the multiple mechanisms of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and restenosis, particularly at the molecular level. The first chapter of this multiauthored book, by Zipes, is on cardiac innervation. It is well written and informative, although occasionally speculative. Since some cases of initial myocardial infarction are silent, it is difficult to accept neural dysfunction secondary to myocardial necrosis as the only cause of silent ischemia in such a setting. Pain perception is a complex process still poorly understood. On the other hand, Zipes' criticism of the left vs right stellate ganglion hypothesis of
Physician's Guide to Terrorist Attack
Authors: Harvey Rubin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 March 2004Physician's Guide to Terrorist AttackHarvey Rubin, MD, PhDHarvey Rubin, MD, PhDFrom University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-6-200403160-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Roy MJ, ed. 420 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 2004. $99.50. ISBN 1592596630. Order phone 973-256-1699.Field of medicine: Infectious diseases; study of chemical weapons, radiation, and explosive devices; and psychology.Format: Hardcover with CD-ROM version.Audience: General practice physicians, infectious disease specialists, emergency medicine physicians, first responders, psychiatrists, and psychologists.Purpose: “To prepare physicians and other health care professionals to respond knowledgeably and confidently to a terrorist event.”Content: The book is divided into 4 parts. Part 1 contains 4 chapters covering mass casualty events, hospital preparation, physician recognition of bioterrorism events, and an introduction to bioterrorism. Part 2 ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 March 2004Volume 140, Issue 6Page: 496KeywordsGlobal healthInfectious diseasesPrimary carePsychologistsPsychologyQ feverSoftware toolsToxinsTularemiaViral hemorrhagic fevers ePublished: 16 March 2004 Issue Published: 16 March 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Suppression of epidermal proliferation by ultraviolet light, coal tar and anthralin
Authors: JOSEPH F. WALTER, RICHARD B. STOUGHTON, PETER R. DeQUOY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Suppression of epidermal proliferation by ultraviolet light, coal tar and anthralin Get access JOSEPH F. WALTER, JOSEPH F. WALTER Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, California 92103, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar RICHARD B. STOUGHTON, RICHARD B. STOUGHTON Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, California 92103, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PETER R. DeQUOY PETER R. DeQUOY Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, California 92103, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue 1, 1 July 1978, Pages 89–96, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb01965.x Published: 01 July 1978
GW25-e3108 Deletion of TRPV1 Accelerates DOCA-salt Hypertension-induced Renal Injury via Activation of CCR2
Authors: Youping Wang, Mingjun Zhu, Lin Cui, Weihong Liu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Shiyang Xie, Si Shen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prednisone Therapy of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: JOSE L. CAMPRA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Forty-five hospitalized patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis were included in a prospective controlled trial of treatment with prednisone, 0.5 mg/kg body weight daily for 3 weeks, and then 0.25 mg/kg body weight daily for an additional 3 weeks. Mortality was 36% in prednisone-treated patients and 35% in control patients. No differences were found between the treated and control patients in duration of hospitalization or rate of improvement in serum bilirubin, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, or prothrombin time. Serum albumin levels increased to a greater degree in prednisone-treated patients, but this was thought to be caused by a nonspecific effect of corticosteroid on albumin synthesis.
Epithelioid sarcoma—a case report
Authors: A.V.Ratnam And, K.G. NAIK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Epithelioid sarcoma—a case report Get access A.V.Ratnam And, A.V.Ratnam And Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia Dr A.V.Ratnam, Consultant Dermatologist & Lecturer in Dermatology, University Teaching Hospital, P/Bag R.W.I., Lusaka, Zambia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.G. NAIK K.G. NAIK Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue 4, 1 October 1978, Pages 451–453, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb06187.x Published: 01 October 1978
And the Waters Prevailed
Authors: Alexander Witkow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

ON August 17, 1955, hurricane "Diane" was declared dead by the Weather Bureau. During the following two days, more than 12 inches of rain fell on much of New England, New York and Pennsylvania. This is usually the equivalent of more than 10 feet of snow!Civil Defense organizations, which have taken over most of the handling of civilian disasters, were alert and on the job on the morning of August 19, when weather reports indicated that the rain would stop by noon. However, the rain continued with increased intensity until about 4 p.m. Much of the damage done occurred . . .
Angiotensin in the brain?
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Viral ER-Resident Glycoprotein Inactivates the MHC-Encoded Peptide Transporter
Authors: Hartmut Hengel, Jens-Oliver Koopmann, Thomas Flohr, Walter Muranyi, Els Goulmy, Günter J Hämmerling, Ulrich H Koszinowski, Frank Momburg
Journal: Immunity (1997)
306 ASSOCIATION OF MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE FUNCTIONAL POLYMORPHISM (SOD2 V16A) WITH IDIOSYNCRATIC DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY
Authors: R.J. Andrade, C. Martinez, E. Ulzurrun, E. Garcia-Martin, G. Pelaez, M. Romero-Gomez, A. Castiella, R. Planas, C. Guarner, J.F. Salmeron, Y. Borraz, M.I. Lucena, J.A. Agundez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Hypoglycemia Risk During Exercise After Intramuscular Injection of Insulin in Thigh in IDDM
Authors: Anders Frid, Jan Östman, Birgitta Linde
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

The influence of bicycle exercise (60% of W170 [working capacity at a pulse rate of 170 beats/min]; 40 min) on the absorption of 125I-labeled fast-acting insulin (10 U; Actrapid human insulin) after intramuscular compared with subcutaneous injection in the thigh was studied on 2 consecutive days in 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. Insulin absorption was measured as disappearance of radioactivity (1st-order elimination rate constants) by continuous external monitoring and as appearance of plasma free immunoreactive insulin (IRI). Subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) and skeletal muscle blood flow (MF) were measured concomitantly in the contralateral thigh with the raXe wash-out technique. Plasma glucose was determined intermittently. The rate constant for 125l-insulin increased during exercise from 0.46 ± 0.08 to 1.17 ± 0.14%/min after intramuscular injection (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and from 0.31 ± 0.05 to 0.45 ± 0.09%/min (NS) after subcutaneous injection. The rate constant of 125I-insulin from muscle remained elevated during the 80-min recovery period. The peak plasma free-IRI value was 39 mU/L higher, the area under the IRI curve was ∼80% greater, and the decrease in plasma glucose was ∼2 mM greater after intramuscular injection. Whereas MF increased fivefold, ATBF did not rise significantly during exercise. The results demonstrate that intramuscular compared with subcutaneous thigh injection of insulin followed by bicycle exercise induces a marked increase in insulin absorption and a substantial fall in plasma glucose. Because accidental intramuscular injection of insulin may occur frequently, these findings highlight a previously unobserved risk for an unexpected decrease in plasma glucose levels in connection with leg exercise in IDDM patients. This risk could be minimized by injection into a skin fold or by use of shorter needles for thigh injection.
Illegally produced alcohol
Authors: M. McKee, R. Adany, D. A. Leon
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The stereotactic radiosurgery unit in Sheffield became operational in September 1985 and over 180 patients harbouring AVMs have been treated. The first 52 patients underwent one year follow up angiography and comprise the material for this study. At one year 26 patients (50%) already had a favourable outcome (16 complete and 10 almost complete obliteration). The results were the same in the two sexes. There was a better response in younger patients: under 20 years 75% favourable, between 20 and 40 years 45% favourable and above 40 years about 25% favourable. Malformations in a lateral position appeared to respond better than those in the midline. Lesions fed by vessels from more than one large vessel territory had less chance of complete obliteration at one year than those gaining blood from only one main supply. There was no difference in outcome between small malformations (less than 2 cm3) medium (2-3 cm3) or large (greater than 3 cm3). No immediate morbidity or late side effects were encountered in these patients. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a safe and effective method in the treatment of arteriovenous malformations but there is a relatively long latency. The number of malformations obliterated is expected to be much higher when two years have elapsed after treatment.
Neural RNA-Binding Protein Musashi1 Controls Midline Crossing of Precerebellar Neurons through Posttranscriptional Regulation of Robo3/Rig-1 Expression
Authors: Ken-ichiro Kuwako, Kyoko Kakumoto, Takao Imai, Mana Igarashi, Takao Hamakubo, Shin-ichi Sakakibara, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Hirotaka James Okano, Hideyuki Okano
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Insulin resistance is an important determinant of left ventricular mass in the obese.
Authors: Z Sasson, Y Rasooly, T Bhesania, I Rasooly
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Obesity in adults is associated with increased left ventricular (LV) mass. The mechanism for this is unclear, however. We tested the hypothesis that insulin resistance is an important independent contributing factor to LV mass in the healthy obese population.The study population consisted of 40 normotensive, nondiabetic, otherwise healthy obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2. LV mass was echocardiographically determined according to the Penn convention, using the formula of Devereux and Reichek. Insulin resistance was assessed using indices derived from Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test (IVGTT): insulin level at baseline, insulin level at 90 minutes of IVGTT (insulin-90), insulin integration over 90 minutes of IVGTT, and rate of glucose disposal (k value). Insulin-90 (r = .61, P = .0001), k value (r = .55, P = .003), insulin integration over 90 minutes (r = .46, P = .003), basal insulin (r = .44, P = .005), and BMI (r = .59, P = .0001) were all strongly correlated with LV mass by univariate analysis. No significant correlation was found with blood pressure or age. In multivariate regression analysis, only insulin-90 and k value correlated significantly with LV mass (P = .03, P = .02, respectively), accounting for 50% of the variance of LV mass, whereas the association with BMI became insignificant (P = .2).LV mass in the normotensive nondiabetic obese population is strongly associated with, and may be mediated by, the degree of insulin resistance and its associated hyperinsulinemia, independent of BMI and blood pressure.
Idiopathic Hypercalcemia and Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Richard E. Garcia, William F. Friedman, Michael M. Kaback, Richard D. Rowe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

A PECULIAR facies suggesting kinship has been found in some nonfamilial cases of supravalvular aortic stenosis in childhood.1 2 3 4 5 In addition, it has been recognized that infants with idiopathic hypercalcemia have a rather characteristic "elfin" facial appearance. Recently described are a group of older children with "aortic stenosis" and an "elfin" fades. An illness during infancy in each patient was suggestive of idiopathic hypercalcemia.2 Their facies appeared identical to those of patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis described by others.1 , 3 , 4 It seems unlikely that this remarkable similarity is coincidental.Although an association between idiopathic hypercalcemia and supravalvular aortic stenosis has been alluded . . .
Lactic acidosis induced by phenformin is still a public health problem in Italy
Authors: G Enia, M Garozzo, C Zoccali
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Progress in reducing inpatient mortality from acute myocardial infarction is slowEditor-Brown et al report a substantial increase in the use of beneficial interventions for patients admitted to hospital with acute myocardial infarction in Nottingham from 1982 to 1992. 1 However, they found no change in inpatient mortality adjusted for age and sex.This contrasts with findings in Ontario, Canada, where hospital discharge abstracts show that inpatient mortality fell from 1981 to 1991 2 and has since fallen further (data on request).Brown et al suggest that the disparate results may reflect coding errors in the Ontario administrative data.Our group has assessed the classification of deaths from acute myocardial infarction in inpatients in the Ontario discharge abstracts.Matching Ontario administrative data to data from the GUSTO-I and LATE trials, we found the specificity of the administrative data to be 100% (1403/1403 alive), with overall sensitivity of 94% (104/111 deaths detected). 3he classification of acute myocardial infarction itself is more problematic.The sensitivity of the primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is high, but specificity varies. 4 5There are two common reasons for false positive coding.Firstly, patients may be admitted to a coronary care unit with possible acute myocardial infarction but this diagnosis is ruled out and they are sent home quickly.Alternatively, patients recently admitted to hospital with acute myocardial infarction are readmitted for coronary angiography or with complications other than overt reinfarction, and the code for acute myocardial infarction is wrongly used again.Thus the analysis of outcomes in Ontario excluded both patients with a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction who were discharged in under four days and patients who had been admitted to hospital for acute myocardial infarction in the preceding three months. 2t is therefore doubtful that imprecise coding explains the improving outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in Ontario.Indeed, only systematic coding errors could explain the observed trends in inpatient mortality, and we have found neither evidence nor a rationale for this.Ontario's administrative data do mirror the findings of Brown et al in two respects 2 : admissions for acute myocardial infarction, particularly among elderly patients, increased over the period studied, and inpatient mortality ranged from 16% to 21%, which is much higher than in the large randomised trials of thrombolytic treatment.Thus while the trends in Ontario are more positive than those in Nottingham, we agree with Brown et al that the cardiovascular megatrials have been enrolling skewed patient populations 3 and that progress in the battle to reduce inpatient mortality from acute myocardial infarction remains slow.
An unusual cause of stroke and hypoxia
Authors: S. L. Bell, D. J. Eveson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A 70 year old retired farmer was referred by his general practitioner to the medical assessment unit for a sudden onset of "dizziness."Since the episode that morning, he had been unable to walk steadily, had a tendency to veer to the left side, and had a mild feeling of rotation.He had no history of headache, deafness, or tinnitus; his symptoms
UNILATERAL INHIBITION OF THE RENAL SHWARTZMAN PHENOMENON FOLLOWING INJECTION OF BACTERIAL FILTRATE INTO THE RENAL ARTERY
Authors: Alan R. Moritz, David Weir
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

A positive Shwartzman reaction, as indicated by thrombosis and focal hemorrhage in one or more organs, was elicited in 19 of 34 rabbits in which the preparatory injection of bacterial filtrate was made into the left renal artery and the reacting injection was made in the ear vein 24 hours later. In 24 of the 34 rabbits the kidneys were undisturbed throughout the duration of the experiment except for the intra-arterial injection of the left. In 12 of these 24 a positive Shwartzman reaction was observed in the uninjected right kidneys. In only 1 of the 24 injected left kidneys were there changes that might be construed as representing a positive Shwartzman reaction. The changes in this kidney consisted of glomerular thrombosis, not associated with hemorrhage or necrosis. The positive renal Shwartzman reactions seen in the right kidneys were similar to those reported by Apitz and Gerber as representing the renal changes occurring as part of a generalized Shwartzman reaction. The retention of the bacterial filtrate of the preparatory injection in the left kidney, by obstructing both vein and artery for 15 minutes, did not lessen the refractory state. The removal of the right kidney prior to the experiment, with the subsequent demonstration that circulation through the remaining left kidney was not impaired by the intra-arterial injection of filtrate, indicated that the refractory state of the injected kidney was not the result of failure of the reacting dose of filtrate to reach the kidney. In the unilaterally nephrectomized rabbits the development of a positive reaction in other organs indicated that the lack of reaction in the kidney represented a local refractory state. No explanation of the phenomenon was disclosed by these experiments.