tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Book: How to be good
Authors: D. Macauley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Nick Hornby Viking, £16.99, pp 244 ISBN 0 670 88823 0 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Admit it. You were interested because the protagonist is a general practitioner. Woman GP has torrid affair, funny little man moves into the house, and husband changes for the better, perhaps. A good story and an easy holiday read. Sex, tears, and strange twists in the relationships but also fascinating to read Nick Hornby's thoughts on GPs. … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE PARASITES OF SMALL-POX AND CHICKEN-POX
Authors: R. S. Thomson, J. Brownlee
Journal: BMJ (1903)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Although several studies have described an association between Alzheimer disease (AD) and genetic variation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), each has implicated different mtDNA variants, so the role of mtDNA in the etiology of AD remains uncertain. <h3>Methods:</h3> We tested 138 mtDNA variants for association with AD in a powerful sample of 4,133 AD case patients and 1,602 matched controls from 3 Caucasian populations. Of the total population, 3,250 case patients and 1,221 elderly controls met the quality control criteria and were included in the analysis. <h3>Results:</h3> In the largest study to date, we failed to replicate the published findings. Meta-analysis of the available data showed no evidence of an association with AD. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> The current evidence linking common mtDNA variations with AD is not compelling.
Identification of PHLPP1 as a Tumor Suppressor Reveals the Role of Feedback Activation in PTEN-Mutant Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Muhan Chen, Christopher P. Pratt, Martha E. Zeeman, Nikolaus Schultz, Barry S. Taylor, Audrey O'Neill, Mireia Castillo-Martin, Dawid G. Nowak, Adam Naguib, Danielle M. Grace, Jernej Murn, Nick Navin, Gurinder S. Atwal, Chris Sander, William L. Gerald, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Alexandra C. Newton, Brett S. Carver, Lloyd C. Trotman
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Abstract 5634: Chemical antibodies for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Moses O. Evbuomwan, Yoshiko Maeda, Pappanaicken Kumaresan, Kit S. Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The absence of curative therapies for recurrent forms of metastatic cancer has prompted a vigorous search for novel treatment strategies. Cancer immunotherapy uses the host immune system, either directly or indirectly, to combat cancer. The more successful cancer immunotherapies are antibody-based. In this study we hypothesized that a chemical antibody (chembody) with an intact Fc region can be constructed by conjugating tumor cell specific peptidomimetic agents (ligands) to the Fab region of human IgG (hIgG). The ligand of interest, RGD, binds effectively to αVβ3 integrin expressed on tumor cells. The resultant chembody will have the ability to opsonize the tumor cells and elicit host immune response against cancer cells by recruiting the immune effector cells. In this study, we (1) conjugate naïve hIgG with the ligand, (2) verify ligand conjugation, and (3) test the efficacy of the chembody. The 2-iminothiolane conjugation method was employed to conjugate the ligand to naïve hIgG. The conjugation was verified by performing Western blot analysis, MALDI-MS assay, and cell binding assay. The Western blot and Coomassie blue staining showed that conjugation was successful while the MALDI-MS assay showed a 1:3 conjugation ratio. Colorimetric cytotoxicity assay will be used to test the efficacy of the chembody. We expect chembodies with intact Fc region to be tumor specific, and actively recruit immune cells to the tumor site and have low immunogenicity. This novel individualized medicine approach in cancer immunotherapy can be very effective in eliminating the remaining cells responsible for relapse after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5634.
A case of jaundice due to unilateral hepatic duct obstruction with relief after hepatic lobectomy
Authors: S. Mistilis, L. Schiff
Journal: Gut (1963)

A case is reported of jaundice developing in a patient with obstruction of the left hepatic duct and partial obstruction of the right hepatic duct by tumour. Adequate drainage of bile from the right hepatic duct through a T-tube was relatively ineffective in relieving the jaundice. On the other hand, resection of the obstructed left lobe resulted in the disappearance of icterus. The basic mechanism involved in the production of jaundice under these circumstances is incompletely understood.
Cardiac contractile proteins in hypertrophied and failing guinea pig heart
Authors: A. Malhotra, F. M Siri, R. Aronson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aim was to study changes in contractile proteins which accompany marked hypertrophy and heart failure in mammalian hearts initially containing predominantly V3 isomyosin. Methods: Left ventricular myosin and myofibrillar ATPase activity and right ventricular actomyosin ATPase activity were measured in normal guinea pig hearts, in hearts which were hypertrophied as a result of progressive left ventricular systolic overload following ascending aortic banding, and in hypertrophied hearts from animals which showed signs of overt congestive heart failure. Male guinea pigs weighing 225-275 g at the time of aortic banding were used for the studies. Results: Left ventricular myosin and myofibrillar ATPase activity and right ventricular actomyosin ATPase activity were correlated with body weight, left and right ventricular weight, and left ventricular peak systolic pressure during aortic occlusion. Left ventricular myosin ATPase activity and right ventricular actomyosin ATPase activity were markedly depressed in hypertrophied ventricles compared to control ventricles. Cardiac myofibrillar ATPase activity was lower in hypertrophied failing hearts than in control hearts over a wide range of calcium concentrations. In control animals and in those without heart failure, there was a nearly identical inverse relationship between left ventricular mass up to 1600 mg and myosin ATPase activity. Hypertrophied failing hearts were larger but showed little further reduction in cardiac myosin ATPase activity. Representative gel scans of non-dissociating pyrophosphate gels of left ventricular myosin from an 8 d postoperative aortic constricted animal and from its age and weight matched control showed predominantly Vi isomyosin with small amounts of Vi isoenzyme. However, preparations taken from guinea pigs 16 d after aortic constriction showed only the Vi isoform, whereas the Vi isoform was still apparent in control. Hypertrophied failing left ventricles developed less pressure per unit mass during brief aortic occlusion than non-failing left ventricles with comparable myosin ATPase activities. Conclusions: These observations raise important questions as to the distribution of myosin isoforms in the normal adult guinea pig, and the possibility that myosin ATPase activity might be altered by post-translational modification. Although cardiac myosin ATPase activity correlates with left ventricular performance, it cannot fully explain the depressed performance of failing hearts in this model. Additional immunological studies of cardiac contractile proteins are required as well as studies designed to explore the implications of altered myosin ATPase activity for both contractile function and overall cellular homeostasis.
Abstract 5559: Detection of IDH1 mutation in the plasma of glioma patients
Authors: Blandine Boisselier, Marianne Labussiere, Marta Rossetto, Jaime Gallego Perez Larraya, Yannick Marie, Jean-Yves Delattre, Marc Sanson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background IDH1 mutation is both a diagnostic and a strong prognostic factor in gliomas. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of detecting the IDH1 mutation in plasma of glioma patients. Patients and Methods The study was conducted in 31 controls and 80 glioma patients with known IDH1 status, and confronted with MRI data. Small Size DNA (ssDNA) was extracted from 4mL plasma and the IDH1R132H mutation was detected by a combination of COLD (co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature) and digital PCR. Results ssDNA concentration (150pb to 200pb) ranged from 0.1 to 6.6 ng/mL (median 1.2 ng/mL) in controls and 0.1 to 50.3 ng/mL (median 1.2 ng/mL) in patients. ssDNA concentration did not correlate with tumor volume in low grade glioma. In contrast, ssDNA concentration in high grade gliomas patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls and correlated with the enhancing volume V (V=0: 0.9 ng/ml [0.1-3.5]; V&amp;lt; 10 cm3: 1.6 ng/ml [0.4-24.9]; V&amp;gt;10 cm3: 14.0 ng/ml [0.6-50.3]). We then analyzed 39 patients (25 with R132H IDH1 mutated glioma, 14 with IDH1 wild type glioma) for the detection of IDH1 mutation on the ssDNA extracted from plasma. The mutation was detected in plasma DNA of 15 out of 25 patients (60%) with IDH1 mutated tumor, and in none of the 14 patients with IDH1 wild type tumor. The detection rate of IDH1 mutation in plasma was higher in high grade (12/17 patients (70.6%) and was correlated with the enhancing tumor volume. Interestingly all the mutant tumors with an enhancing tumor volume higher than 3.5 cm3 (9/9) were detected by digital PCR in plasma. Conclusions Our study shows that (i) tumor DNA is released in glioma patients; (ii) ssDNA concentration is correlated with enhancing tumor volume, and (iii) IDH1 mutation is detectable in plasma DNA. This represents the first step for developing a quantitative plasma biomarker that could be used to monitor glioma status. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5559. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5559
Multiple hamartomata of the lung.
Authors: M A Madani, C S Dafoe, C A Ross
Journal: Thorax (1966)

<h3>Objective</h3> To describe paraneoplastic neuronal intermediate filament (NIF) autoimmunity. <h3>Methods</h3> Archived patient and control serum and CSF specimens were evaluated by tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Autoantigens were identified by Western blot and mass spectrometry. NIF specificity was confirmed by dual tissue section staining and 5 recombinant NIF-specific HEK293 cell-based assays (CBAs, for α-internexin, neurofilament light [NfL], neurofilament medium, or neurofilament heavy chain, and peripherin). NIF–immunoglobulin Gs (IgGs) were correlated with neurologic syndromes and cancers. <h3>Results</h3> Among 65 patients, NIF-IgG-positive by IFA and CBAs, 33 were female (51%). Median symptom onset age was 62 years (range 18–88). Patients fell into 2 groups, defined by the presence of NfL-IgG (21 patients, who mostly had ≥4 NIF-IgGs detected) or its absence (44 patients, who mostly had ≤2 NIF-IgGs detected). Among NfL-IgG-positive patients, 19/21 had ≥1 subacute onset CNS disorders: cerebellar ataxia (11), encephalopathy (11), or myelopathy (2). Cancers were detected in 16 of 21 patients (77%): carcinomas of neuroendocrine lineage (10) being most common (small cell [5], Merkel cell [3], other neuroendocrine [2]). Two of 257 controls (0.8%, both with small cell carcinoma) were positive by both IFA and CBA. Five of 7 patients with immunotherapy data improved. By comparison, the 44 NfL-IgG-negative patients had findings of unclear significance: diverse nervous system disorders (<i>p</i> = 0.006), as well as limited (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and more diverse (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) cancer accompaniments. <h3>Conclusions</h3> NIF-IgG detection by IFA, with confirmatory CBA testing that yields a profile including NfL-IgG, defines a paraneoplastic CNS disorder (usually ataxia or encephalopathy) accompanying neuroendocrine lineage neoplasia.
Verapamil attenuates the coronary vasodilatory response to adenosine and A 2A adenosine receptor agonists
Authors: Laurent M. Riou, Mirta Ruiz, Jayson M. Rieger, Timothy L. Macdonald, Denny D. Watson, Joel Linden, George A. Beller, David K. Glover
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Limitations of head-up tilt test for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in patients with vasovagal syncope: Results of a controlled study of etilefrine versus placebo
Authors: Angel Moya, Gaietà Permanyer-Miralda, Jaume Sagrista-Sauleda, Xavier Carne, Teresa Rius, Lluis Mont, Jordi Soler-Soler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Ethnic Differences in Physiological Cardiac Adaptation to Intense Physical Exercise in Highly Trained Female Athletes
Authors: J. Rawlins, F. Carre, G. Kervio, M. Papadakis, N. Chandra, C. Edwards, G.P. Whyte, S. Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Ethnicity is an important determinant of cardiovascular adaptation in athletes. Studies in black male athletes reveal a higher prevalence of electric repolarization and left ventricular hypertrophy than observed in white males; these frequently overlap with those observed in cardiomyopathy and have important implications in the preparticipation cardiac screening era. There are no reports on cardiac adaptation in highly trained black females, who comprise an increasing population of elite competitors.Between 2004 and 2009, 240 nationally ranked black female athletes (mean age 21+/-4.6 years old) underwent 12-lead ECG and 2-dimensional echocardiography. The results were compared with 200 white female athletes of similar age and size participating in similar sports. Black athletes demonstrated greater left ventricular wall thickness (9.2+/-1.2 versus 8.6+/-1.2 mm, P<0.001) and left ventricular mass (187.2+/-42 versus 172.3+/-42 g, P=0.008) than white athletes. Eight black athletes (3%) exhibited a left ventricular wall thickness >11 mm (12 to 13 mm) compared with none of the white athletes. All athletes revealed normal indices of systolic and diastolic function. Black athletes exhibited a higher prevalence of T-wave inversions (14% versus 2%, P<0.001) and ST-segment elevation (11% versus 1%, P<0.001) than white athletes. Deep T-wave inversions (-0.2 mV) were observed only in black athletes and were confined to the anterior leads (V(1) through V(3)).Systematic physical exercise in black female athletes is associated with greater left ventricular hypertrophy and higher prevalence of repolarization changes than in white female athletes of similar age and size participating in identical sporting disciplines. However, a maximal left ventricular wall thickness >13 mm or deep T-wave inversions in the inferior and lateral leads are rare and warrant further investigation.
Epidemiologic studies of environmental agents and systemic autoimmune diseases.
Authors: M D Mayes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic scleroderma are autoimmune diseases thought to have an exogenous trigger. This review summarizes relevant case-control and cohort studies that investigated exogenous sex hormones, silica, silicone, solvents, pesticides, mercuric chloride, and hair dyes as putative risk factors for the development of these diseases. These studies indicate that estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women increases the risk of developing lupus, scleroderma, and Raynaud disease, although the increase in risk is relatively modest. Oral contraceptives may also play a role in disease susceptibility in lupus but not apparently in scleroderma. Environmental endocrine modulators, in the form of pesticides, may represent another opportunity for estrogenlike effects to occur, but there is scant evidence that these agents play a role in human systemic autoimmune disease. Although exposure to silica dust increases the risk of scleroderma in men occupied in the industry, this does not explain most male scleroderma cases. When this exposure was investigated among women, no significant risk was found. Additionally, silicone in implanted devices as well as occupational exposure to silicone-containing compounds did not pose an increased risk among women for scleroderma. The role of solvent exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for scleroderma with mixed findings. One study suggested a potential role in male patients or in those individuals with Scl-70 antibody positivity either male or female. Two other studies were unable to corroborate this finding. Mercuric chloride causes antifibrillarin antibodies and immune complex glomerulonephritis in susceptible mouse strains. Antifibrillarin antibodies, but not glomerulonephritis, occur in a subset of scleroderma patients and preliminary evidence suggests that mercury levels may be higher in this group of individuals. Hair products have been studied as possibly raising the risk of developing lupus, since such products contain an aromatic amine similar to a compound known to cause drug-induced lupus. A 1986 study suggested a positive association, but two subsequent studies did not support this association.
Potential endpoints for clinical trials in premanifest and early Huntington's disease in the TRACK-HD study: analysis of 24 month observational data
Authors: Sarah J Tabrizi, Ralf Reilmann, Raymund AC Roos, Alexandra Durr, Blair Leavitt, Gail Owen, Rebecca Jones, Hans Johnson, David Craufurd, Stephen L Hicks, Christopher Kennard, Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, Julie C Stout, Beth Borowsky, Rachael I Scahill, Chris Frost, Douglas R Langbehn
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2011)
Precordial Heave on the Right Related to Left-Atrial Enlargement
Authors: William Dressler
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The precordial heave associated with mitral-valve lesions, and usually attributed to right-ventricular hypertrophy, is most marked in the left parasternal region. When right-ventricular hypertrophy is due to congenital lesions, the peak forward movement shifts from the neighborhood of the sternum to the left precordial area. It is suggested that in the presence of mitral-valve lesions, enlargement of the left atrium forces the right ventricle toward the sternum and thus significantly influences the development and site of the precordial heave.
Extensive Necrosis of Gastric Mucosa Following Injection Therapy of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer
Authors: S. Loperfido, G. Patelli, L. La Torre
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

See also: Endoscopic Hemostasis by Local Injection of Epinephrine and Polidocanol in Bleeding Ulcer. A Prospective Randomized TrialEndoscopy 1988; 20(06): 289-291DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1013023 See also: Gastric Ulcer and Cholestasis Following Injection Therapy of Bleeding Duodenal UlcersEndoscopy 1991; 23(06): 351-352DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1010717 See also: Endoscopy 22 (1990) 285-286Endoscopy 1991; 23(02): 108-109DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1010631
Why results of clinical trials and observational studies of antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy differ: methodological and interpretive issues
Authors: F Wolfe, K Michaud, E M DeWitt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objective:</b> Results of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) appear to differ from results of observational studies. This paper explores differences in methodology, interpretation and presentation of results that elucidate these differences. <b>Method:</b> We identified patients who completed a survey questionnaire during the period January 1998 through December 1998 and also completed one between July 2003 and June 2004, an average span of 4.7 years. The mean time from study initiation to anti-TNF administration was 2.1 years, and the mean treatment time was 2.1 (SD 1.3) years at study closure. During this period 38.3% of patients received anti-TNF therapy. We compared the results of patients in this group with results from RCTs. <b>Results:</b> RCTs utilise flare design, patient selection, control groups and regression to the mean. Observational studies, on the other hand, confound additional prior therapy and anti-TNF effect, do not employ control groups, and may have less regression to the mean. <b>Conclusions:</b> RCTs and observational studies assess and report efficacy and effectiveness in ways that are so different that they are often incommensurable. A key difference is whether results should represent changes from flare states or should, instead, consider chronic status prior to initiation of therapy. There is little evidence that the clinical state at the start of most anti-TNF RCTs represents a chronic state. Economic analyses that utilise the RCT starting point overestimate the cost effectiveness of anti-TNF therapy. The solution for these problems and a guide to understanding the real results of anti-TNF therapy lies in collecting preclinical trial data in all patients who will enter clinical trials. In addition, RCT results would more approximate those of observational studies if all reporting was done after subtracting the effect of the comparator group.
Significance of Morphologic and Rheologic Microvessel Observations in Man.
Authors: Walter Redisch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Significance of Morphologic and Rheologic Microvessel Observations in Man.Walter Redisch, M.D., F.A.C.P., Edward J. Messina, B.S., M. Stephen Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P., Currier M. McEwen, M.D., F.A.C.P.Walter Redisch, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Edward J. Messina, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, M. Stephen Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Currier M. McEwen, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1157_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecently wider recognition has been given to the essential role microchannels play in peripheral blood flow and its disturbances. This has led to the revival of an old method, the study of surface microcirculation in man. An improved microscopic and microphotographic apparatus has aided in this endeavor. However, it became evident that the range of physiologic variations had to be more clearly established before evaluation of deviations from the norm, morphologic or rheologic, could be attempted.The nail bed, medial malleoli, ventral forearm, and bulbar conjunctiva were examined routinely; areas with overt lesions were also included. To establish a range... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Walter Redisch, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Edward J. Messina, B.S.; M. Stephen Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Currier M. McEwen, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byConjunctival and Nailfold Microcirculation in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Normal Subjects 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1157-1158KeywordsBlood flowLesionsMicrocirculation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Physical fitness status of Egyptian children aged 9-18 years.
Authors: A. M. Elnashar, J. L. Mayhew
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

Male (n = 399) and female (n = 311) Egyptian school children, aged 9-18 yrs, had their fitness evaluated using the 6-item AAHPER test. Comparisons of the 50th percentiles of the AAHPER norms with the median scores for the Egyptian sample revealed that the latter were substantially below average fitness levels. Egyptian boys performed significantly better than girls on all comparable test items, even when the effects of age, height, and weight were held constant by covariance. Eight weeks of twice weekly intensified physical education instruction produced significant improvements in all test items for both sexes.