tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
King Tutankhamun’s Family and Demise
Authors: Christian Timmann
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FDA is to hold public meeting to discuss reasons for drug shortages
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The US Food and Drug Administration will hold a public workshop on 26 September to discuss why the United States is experiencing shortages of certain drugs, especially those for treating cancer, and to discuss solutions.

Anecdotal accounts suggest that the shortages have led to delayed treatment of some patients or the use of secondary options to treat serious diseases such as cancer.

The problem is not new. An average of 114 drugs a year have been in short supply over the past decade, ranging from 58 in 2004 to 211 in 2010. Shortages have been reported for 180 drugs from mid-summer this year, reports the University of Utah’s drug information …
New consultant contract
Authors: N. Coghill
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Summary: Baló9s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disease considered to be a variant of multiple sclerosis. Five BCS cases were diagnosed antemortem based on their typical concentric mass patterns on MR images and based on clinical and CSF findings. Histopathologic investigation was also performed in one case. Our case report supports the concept that BCS may be a self-limited disease that is not always fatal. Characteristic MR imaging findings may allow antemortem diagnosis of BCS when performed at the onset of the disease.
Increased Superoxide Production during Fatigue in the Perfused Rat Diaphragm
Authors: RALPH C. KOLBECK, ZHI-WU SHE, LEIGH A. CALLAHAN, AND THOMAS M. NOSEK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

This study test the hypothesis that a temporal relationship exists between the production of superoxide anion (O2 −) and the contractile activity of perfused rat diaphragm. O2 − levels were determined minute to minute by measuring the reduction of cytochrome c in the perfusate as the diaphragms were subjected to various levels of contractile activity. After equilibrating at low contractile rates (one 500 ms 80 Hz train/min), diaphragms were fatigued by increasing their contractile activity for 5 min (one 500 ms 80 Hz train/s) and then allowed to recover for 30 min (one 500 ms 80 Hz train/min). During equilibration, diaphragms did not produce O2 − above the background level measured in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Within the first minute of fatigue-inducing stimulation, however, the rate of O2 − production increased to 0.70 ± 0.17 nmol/min and remained elevated until the recovery period when production returned towards baseline. SOD blocked this stimulation-related increase of O2 −. Tension ( ± SOD) fell to 12% of the control value during the fatigue-inducing stimulation. During recovery the contractile response returned to 51% of control, indicating long-lasting effects on the contractile machinery. SOD did not limit fatigue or improve recovery, probably because it is a large protein that cannot cross cell membranes and protect the cells by scavenging O2 − at its site of production.
THE VALUE OF SYMMETRY IN EDUCATION AND CHARACTER.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS BEFORE THE SECTION ON STOMATOLOGY AT THE FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, AT ATLANTIC CITY, JUNE 7-10, 1904.
Authors: GEORGE F. EAMES
Journal: JAMA (1904)

In the contemplation of any subject, be it animate or inanimate, the pleasure and satisfaction derived therefrom is dependent in a great degree on its symmetrical proportions; indeed, asymmetry, as seen in many objects, and especially in the human form, is a positive disfigurement, and is often repulsive. But symmetry as I wish to discuss it will be considered in connection with the mind and soul. It will be noted at once that lack of symmetry in the mind is not so readily observed as a similar condition of the body, although they are vastly more common, and the deviations from what might be considered typical in the former would be altogether hideous if the same disproportion were exhibited in the physical system. Imagine a nose, which by a slight aberration of development has continued to grow until it is twelve inches long; or one eye eight inches in diameter
Ventilatory chemoresponsiveness, narcolepsy-cataplexy and human leukocyte antigen DQB1*0602 status
Authors: F. Han, E. Mignot, Y.C. Wei, S.X. Dong, J. Li, L. Lin, P. An, L.H. Wang, J.S. Wang, M.Z. He, H.Y. Gao, M. Li, Z.C. Gao, K.P. Strohl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

We hypothesised that hypocretin (orexin) plays a role in the determination of ventilatory chemosensitivity. 130 patients with narcolepsy–cataplexy (mean± sd age 20±10 yrs, 69% male) and 117 controls (22±6.9 yrs, 62% male) were recruited and tested for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1*0602 status, hyperoxia hypercapnic (change in minute ventilation (δ V ′ E )/carbon dioxide tension (δ P CO 2 ) L·min −1 ·mmHg −1 ) and hypoxic (δ V ′ E /change in arterial oxygen saturation measured by probe oximetry (δ S p,O 2 ) L·min −1 per % S p,O 2 ) responsiveness, and by spirometry. Hypocretin deficiency was determined either by measures of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (37 patients) or by positive HLA-DQB1*0602 status. All patients and 49% of controls underwent polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing. Despite similar spirometric values, patients had a higher apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) (2.8±5.4 versus 0.8±1.6 h −1 ; p = 0.03) and lower minimal oxygen saturation during sleep (87%±7 versus 91±4%; p = 0.0002), independent of age, sex and body mass index. Patients had depressed hypoxic responsiveness (0.13±0.09 versus 0.19±0.13 L·min −1 per % S p,O 2 ; p&lt;0.0001), independent of AHI, but hypercapnic responsiveness did not differ. Examined by HLA status, positive (26 out of 117) controls had lower hypoxic but similar hypercapnic responsiveness than those marker-negative (0.13±0.08 versus 0.20±0.14 L·min −1 per % S p,O 2 ; p&lt;0.0001). Thus, a lower hypoxic responsiveness in the narcolepsy–cataplexy group is a result of DQB1*0602 status rather than the clinical features of disease.
Thoracic spine osteophyte causing dysphagia
Authors: S. Rana, D. Bhasin, C. Rao, R. Gupta, B. Nagi, K. Singh
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 65-year-old man, a chronic smoker and alcoholic with a diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the antrum of the stomach, was being further investigated because of dysphagia; endoscopic examination at the referring center showed a polypoid lesion in the mid esophagus. Positron emission tomography (PET) revealed increased uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in this esophageal lesion. The possibility of a metastasis to the esophagus from the gastric malignancy was considered. However, biopsy from the esophageal lesion revealed features of chronic inflammation. A repeat gastroscopy was done and a polypoid lesion was observed in the mid esophagus ([Fig. 1]). Histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen from this lesion again revealed features of chronic inflammation. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the chest with intravenous and a positive oral contrast revealed a dilated esophagus.
Risk of Seizures and Encephalopathy After Immunization With the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
Authors: Marie R. Griffin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We evaluated the risks of seizures and other neurological events following diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) immunization for 38,171 Tennessee Medicaid children who received 107,154 DTP immunizations in their first 3 years of life. There were 2 children with encephalitis; both had disease onset more than 2 weeks following DTP immunization. There were 277 children who had febrile seizures, 42 with afebrile seizures, and 37 with seizures associated with other acute neurological illness (acute symptomatic). The risk of febrile seizures in the 0 to 3 days following DTP immunization (n = 6) was 1.5 (95% confidence interval, 0.6 to 3.3) times that of the control period 30 or more days following DTP immunization. There was no evidence that in the 0 to 3 days following DTP immunization the risk of afebrile seizures (n = 1) or acute symptomatic seizures (n = 0) was increased. No child who was previously normal without a prior history of seizures had a seizure in the 0 to 3 days following immunization that marked the onset of either epilepsy or other neurological or developmental abnormality.
Calcium channel blockers: Is the jury still out?
Authors: J. M Wright
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Stanton's editorial on calcium channel blockers1 is based on an incomplete review of the available evidence. I found three additional published randomised controlled trials in which calcium channel blockers were compared with other drugs for the treatment of hypertension in predominantly non-diabetic patients.2–4 The study group on long term antihypertensive therapy2 compared an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, …
Pleomorphic Liposarcoma Metastatic to the Thyroid Gland
Authors: HUMAYUN BASHIR, M. KHALID NAWAZ, MAZHAR A. SHAH, EJAZ AHMAD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Although carcinoma is rarely metastatic to the thyroid gland, it has an established place in the differential diagnosis of cold nodules on radionuclide thyroid scans in patients with known cancers. A case of metastatic pleomorphic liposarcoma with involvement of the thyroid gland adds to the list of cases of metastases to the thyroid gland. A patient with known metastatic pleomorphic liposarcoma with a palpable thyroid nodule of 2 months’ duration had a thyroid scan with 130 MBq (3.5 mCi) Tc-99m pertechnetate. The scan showed a cold nodule occupying most of the right lobe of the thyroid. Cytologic analysis of a fine-needle aspirate from this cold nodule confirmed metastasis from the known primary cancer, pleomorphic liposarcoma. In a patient with a known primary tumor, a nodule in the thyroid gland should be considered a metastatic lesion, regardless of the time since the primary tumor was diagnosed and treated, until proved otherwise.
Abstract P1-08-38: HER2 heterogeneity affects trastuzumab responses and survival in patients with HER2-postive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: HJ Lee, AN Seo, EJ Kim, MH Jang, KJ Suh, HS Ryu, YJ Kim, JH Kim, S-A Im, G Gong, IA Park, KH Jung, SY Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Heterogeneity of HER2 gene amplification is found in a subset of breast cancers. However, it is not known whether breast cancers with heterogeneous HER2 amplification respond differently to HER2-targeted therapy than those with homogeneous amplification. In this study, we investigated the relationship between HER2 heterogeneity and trastuzumab resistance and clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Patients and methods: We studied tumor tissues from 127 patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers who had received trastuzumab-based chemotherapy. Regional and genetic heterogeneity of HER2 amplification was determined in three different areas of each tumor by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and silver in situ hybridization. We also assessed the overall levels of HER2 amplification, and the proportion of tumor cells with a HER2/CEP17 ratio &amp;gt;2.2 or HER2 overexpression (IHC score of 3+). HER2status including HER2 heterogeneity was correlated with trastuzumab responses and survival of the patients. Results: HER2regional and genetic heterogeneity was confirmed in 7.8% and 3.6% of cases, respectively. Poor response to trastuzumab was associated with overall low-level amplification, HER2regional heterogeneity, HER2/CEP17 ratio &amp;gt;2.2 in &amp;lt;80% of tumor cells, and HER2 IHC score of 3+ in &amp;lt;75% of tumor cells. In survival analyses, low-level HER2 amplification, HER2regional heterogeneity, and HER2/CEP17 ratio &amp;gt;2.2 in &amp;lt;80% of tumor cells were associated with shorter time to progression and lower overall survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion: Accurate assessment of HER2 status including HER2 heterogeneity is important in predicting trastuzumab responses and outcomes in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-38.
Duality's hidden influences in models of the mind
Authors: Eric Charles
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Dualistic approaches to the mind-body relationship are commonplace; however, the adoption of dualistic thinking can often obscure aspects of the way the organism functions as a whole biological entity. Future versions of the emulation theory will, it is hoped, address some of these issues, including the nature of process noise, how distinct iterations can occur, and how to deal with non-emulated aspects of motor control.
THE RELATIVE VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS OF DISEASES OF THE UPPER AIR PASSAGES.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS. Read in the Section on Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: E. L. SHURLY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

It has been the customary duty, I believe, of the Chairman of a Section to present an epitomized review of the new facts and new thoughts evolved during the year, pertaining to the department of medicine or surgery, in thisAssociation, to which he belongs. As highly useful and edifying as this plan has been in the past, I doubt its utility at the present time when medical literature is so widely distributed, and accessible to every physician in the land. Therefore such a compilation would of necessity fail to edify such a body of men as are assembled here. We are aware that one of the crying evils of the present time is too much medical literature, and possibly too many medical journals. However this may be, it is doubtfully an evil, and if so will properly adjust itself in time. The fancied harm arising from a journal article
Working to restore and develop abilities offers unique challenge
Authors: Kimberly Glasbrenner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Today, physical medicine and rehabilitation is a frontier in medicine equally as exciting [to science] as the space age," says Richard Materson, MD, clinical associate professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston. "It is unique," he suggests, "in the sense that it involves both working with an extraordinary cadre of people and using a tremendous amount of creativity and talent to aid patients in attaining maximal physical functional capacity and societal integration." Physical medicine and rehabilitation, in fact, is a two-part specialty that experienced an impetus around the time of World War II. The physical medicine side involves using all the diagnostic skills and treatment skills of general medicine but adding the use of pharmaceuticals and physical modalities such as heat, cold, light, and therapeutic exercise—to best understand and treat painful or disabling disorders. During the early 1940s, Frank Krusen, MD, of the Mayo Clinic,
Three-Dimensional Coronary Artery Microscopy by Intracoronary Optical Frequency Domain Imaging
Authors: Guillermo J. Tearney, Sergio Waxman, Milen Shishkov, Benjamin J. Vakoc, Melissa J. Suter, Mark I. Freilich, Adrien E. Desjardins, Wang-Yul Oh, Lisa A. Bartlett, Mireille Rosenberg, Brett E. Bouma
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2008)

We present the first clinical experience with intracoronary optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) in human patients. Intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a catheter-based optical imaging modality that is capable of providing microscopic (∼7-μm axial resolution, ∼30-μm transverse resolution), cross-sectional images of the coronary wall. Although the use of OCT has shown substantial promise for imaging coronary microstructure, blood attenuates the OCT signal, necessitating prolonged, proximal occlusion to screen long arterial segments. OFDI is a second-generation form of OCT that is capable of acquiring images at much higher frame rates. The increased speed of OFDI enables rapid, 3-dimensional imaging of long coronary segments after a brief, nonocclusive saline purge. Volumetric OFDI images were obtained in 3 patients after intracoronary stent deployment. Imaging was performed in the left anterior descending and right coronary arteries with the use of a nonocclusive saline purge rates ranging from 3 to 4 ml/s and for purge durations of 3 to 4 s. After imaging, the OFDI datasets were segmented using previously documented criteria and volume rendered. Good visualization of the artery wall was obtained in all cases, with clear viewing lengths ranging from 3.0 to 7.0 cm at pullback rates ranging from 5 to 20 mm/s. A diverse range of microscopic features were identified in 2 and 3 dimensions, including thin-capped fibroatheromas, calcium, macrophages, cholesterol crystals, bare stent struts, and stents with neointimal hyperplasia. There were no complications of the OFDI procedure. Our results demonstrate that OFDI is a viable method for imaging the microstructure of long coronary segments in patients. Given its ability to provide microscopic information in a practical manner, this technology may be useful for studying human coronary pathophysiology in vivo and as a clinical tool for guiding the management of coronary artery disease.
Milk alkali syndrome without the milk
Authors: Michail Kaklamanos, Petros Perros
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Practicefrom urinary tract infection and preventing subsequent renal parenchymal defects is the prompt diagnosis and treatment of the infection.This is particularly important in infants and young children, in whom the diagnosis can easily be missed.NICE has developed tools to help organisations implement the guidance (see www.nice.org.uk/page.aspx?o=tools).
Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor-D in angiosarcoma patients
Authors: Y. Amo, M. Masuzawa, Y. Hamada, K. Katsuoka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor‐D in angiosarcoma patients Get access Y. Amo, Y. Amo Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1‐15‐1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228‐8555, Japan E‐mail: amo@med.kitasato‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Masuzawa, M. Masuzawa Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1‐15‐1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228‐8555, Japan E‐mail: amo@med.kitasato‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Hamada, Y. Hamada Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1‐15‐1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228‐8555, Japan E‐mail: amo@med.kitasato‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Katsuoka K. Katsuoka Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1‐15‐1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228‐8555, Japan E‐mail: amo@med.kitasato‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 150, Issue 1, 1 January 2004, Pages 160–161, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05751.x Published: 01 January 2004
CONGENITAL MEMBRANE IN THE NASOPHARYNX.
Authors: RICHARD H. JOHNSTON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. M. E., aged 35, was referred to me for exam ination and treatment of nose and throat. <h3>History.</h3> —For a number of years she had had trouble with the right ear in the nature of a purulent otitis media. With the removal of the ossicles she experienced great relief from certain subjective symptoms while the discharge was reduced to a minimum. She complained of dryness of the nasopharynx which had existed for a long time and of disagreeable sticking and gagging sensations which combined to make life miserable From her efforts to remove the secretion, nausea and vomiting ensued. There was constant tinnitus in the left ear. <h3>Examination.</h3> —The nose showed nothing abnormal with the exception of a dryness of the mucous membrane. The pharynx was dry and parched and covered with a layer of thick grayish secretion which apparently came from the nasopharynx. The examination of the
<i>ARID1A</i>, a Factor That Promotes Formation of SWI/SNF-Mediated Chromatin Remodeling, Is a Tumor Suppressor in Gynecologic Cancers
Authors: Bin Guan, Tian-Li Wang, Ie-Ming Shih
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

ARID1A (BAF250A) promotes the formation of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes containing BRG1 or BRM. It has emerged as a candidate tumor suppressor based on its frequent mutations in ovarian clear cell and endometrioid cancers and in uterine endometrioid carcinomas. Here, we report that restoring wild-type ARID1A expression in ovarian cancer cells that harbor ARID1A mutations is sufficient to suppress cell proliferation and tumor growth in mice, whereas RNA interference-mediated silencing of ARID1A in nontransformed epithelial cells is sufficient to enhance cellular proliferation and tumorigenicity. Gene expression analysis identified several downstream targets of ARID1A including CDKN1A and SMAD3, which are well-known p53 target genes. In support of the likelihood that p53 mediates the effects of ARID1A on these genes, we showed that p53 was required and sufficient for their regulation by ARID1A. Furthermore, we showed that CDKN1A (encoding p21) acted in part to mediate growth suppression by ARID1A. Finally, we obtained evidence that the ARID1A/BRG1 complex interacted directly with p53 and that mutations in the ARID1A and TP53 genes were mutually exclusive in tumor specimens examined. Our results provide functional evidence in support of the hypothesis that ARID1A is a bona fide tumor suppressor that collaborates with p53 to regulate CDKN1A and SMAD3 transcription and tumor growth in gynecologic cancers.
Spontaneous esophageal perforation in eosinophilic esophagitis in children
Authors: C. Robles-Medranda, F. Villard, R. Bouvier, J. Dumortier, A. Lachaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

A 9-year-old girl with a history of asthma, intermittent solid food dysphagia and blockage was admitted because of chest pain, pyrosis, and fever (38.3 °C). The only medication she was on at the time of our evaluation was the inhaler Salbutamol-sulfate, which she used as needed. Symptoms started a few hours after a food blockage episode. Physical examination was normal, except for tachycardia (135 bpm). Laboratory results showed: leukocytosis (17 300/mm3), 11.59 × 109 neutrophils, a high C-reactive protein (180 mg/l), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 74 mm/h.