tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
155 Predictors of outcome of liver transplantation in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: G. Nicolini, M. Merli, F. Gentili, G. Indrio, M. Iappelli, M. Rossi, P. Berloco, U. Di Tondo, A. Onetti Muda, S. Ginanni Corradini, N. Walter, A.F. Attili
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Elderly Individuals With FTLD
Authors: Kurt A. Jellinger
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Water Sports and Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: SCOTT J. RATNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1986Water Sports and Sickle Cell AnemiaSCOTT J. RATNER, M.D., EDWARD A. ATHANASIANSCOTT J. RATNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EDWARD A. ATHANASIANSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-6-971_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Painful crisis is a significant cause of morbidity and, occasionally, mortality in the adult with sickle cell anemia. The recent popularity of "tubing" as a recreational activity has increased the potential for several new medical problems, as shown by the following case report.A 32-year-old black man with sickle cell disease and infrequent ( < 1/18 months) painful crises presented with severe bilateral knee pain. His recent health had been good, and his last painful crisis was over 2 years ago. On the day of admission, he had been tubing in upstate New York. Despite the ambient... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: SCOTT J. RATNER, M.D.; EDWARD A. ATHANASIANAffiliations: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University New York, NY 10025 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDeterminants of severity in sickle cell diseasePresence of neuropathic pain as an underlying mechanism for pain associated with cold weather in patients with sickle cell diseaseClimatic and geographic temporal patterns of pain in the Multicenter Study of HydroxyureaPain site frequency and location in sickle cell disease: The PiSCES projectTemperature changes, temperature extremes, and their relationship to emergency department visits and hospitalizations for sickle cell crisisPractical management of pain in sickling disorders.Cold water exposure and vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell anemiaThe Management of Pain in Sickle Cell DiseaseCorrection: Hemoglobin Level in Letter on Water Sports and Sickle Cell Anemia 1 December 1986Volume 105, Issue 6Page: 971-971KeywordsAnemiaKneesMorbidityMortalitySickle cell diseaseSports ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Rubella in an Immunized Island Population
Authors: Ronald P. Hattis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Although the epidemiology of rubella virus has been studied in detail,<sup>1-8</sup>the marked variation in epidemic potential of rubella virus in different population groups remains unexplained. The introduction of rubella into the highly susceptible population in Hawaii has seldom resulted in epidemic disease.<sup>9</sup>In contrast, at the US Army recruit training camp at Fort Ord, Calif, rubella is endemic throughout the year and a very high proportion of susceptible men (including Hawaiian recruits) become infected during the short period of basic training.<sup>3,10</sup>During the winter of 1970-1971, rubella was introduced into Kauai, an island community where the rubella immunity status had been accurately defined. This report summarizes the epidemiology of the outbreak and discusses some host-dependent factors that may be related to the epidemiology of this virus. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3><h3>Studied Area.—</h3> Kauai is the fourth largest of the Hawaiian Islands (555 square miles). Its racially diverse
Clinical leadership in hospital care: Leadership and teamwork skills are as important as clinical management skills
Authors: Marino S Festa
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Drug combinations and all cause mortality in heart disease No new insights were gainedEditor-Hippisley-Cox and Coupland conclude that the addition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to combinations of drugs conferred no additional benefit in their study of patients in primary care with ischaemic heart disease. 1 However, such a conclusion should be reached with caution.The drugs were given to the patients with the highest risk of death.A higher percentage of patients who died were treated with ACE inhibitors, and the greatest improvement in risk of death after adjustment for risk factors was seen in the patients treated with these drugs.ACE inhibitors might thus have been given to the patients with the most severe disease in each comorbidity group-for example, to diabetic patients with kidney disease and to patients with the most severe heart failure.Therefore the study can give no indication of the crucial question whether the outcome would have been equally good for the group of 463 patients who probably had the most severe disease and received statins, aspirin, blockers, and ACE inhibitors if they had not been given ACE inhibitors.Replacement of yes or no for comorbidity factors with more discriminating variables, such as presence of microalbuminuria and a severity measure for heart disease, would probably have improved the study.However, this cannot replace the quality of a randomised, placebo controlled study comparing the effect of adding ACE inhibitors to the other study drugs.Therefore the study by Hippisley-Cox and Coupland adds no new knowledge to how patients with ischaemic heart disease in primary care should be treated.
Aprosodia and Alexithymia – A Case Report
Authors: Gregory Fricchione, Evelyn Howanitz
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

Aprosodias are disorders of affective language and behavior resulting from focal lesions of the right hemisphere. Patients devoid of prosody are unable to endow their language with emotion and feeling. They may show a lack of spontaneous prosody or gesturing. Alexithymia is a cognitive-affective disturbance which includes difficulty in recognizing and describing feelings and emotional states. Alexithymic patients have a diminished inner fantasy life and constricted emotional activity sometimes exhibited in a rigid posture and lack of expressive facial movements. Thus, both aprosodia and alexithymia to some extent are disorders of affective language and behavior. The patient discussed below had a motor aprosodia and can be described as having alexithymic features. The relationship between aprosodia and alexithymia and possible neurophysiological implications for the latter condition are examined.
Hazards with Monoamine-oxidase Inhibitors
Authors: C. M. Tonks, A. T. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The neuromodulator acetylcholine (ACh) is crucial for several cognitive functions, such as perception, attention, and learning and memory. Whereas, in most cases, the cellular circuits or the specific neurons via which ACh exerts its cognitive effects remain unknown, it is known that auditory cortex (AC) neurons projecting from layer 5B (L5B) to the inferior colliculus, corticocollicular neurons, are required for cholinergic-mediated relearning of sound localization after occlusion of one ear. Therefore, elucidation of the effects of ACh on the excitability of corticocollicular neurons will bridge the cell-specific and cognitive properties of ACh. Because AC L5B contains another class of neurons that project to the contralateral cortex, corticocallosal neurons, to identify the cell-specific mechanisms that enable corticocollicular neurons to participate in sound localization relearning, we investigated the effects of ACh release on both L5B corticocallosal and corticocollicular neurons. Using <i>in vitro</i> electrophysiology and optogenetics in mouse brain slices, we found that ACh generated nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR)-mediated depolarizing potentials and muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR)-mediated hyperpolarizing potentials in AC L5B corticocallosal neurons. In corticocollicular neurons, ACh release also generated nAChR-mediated depolarizing potentials. However, in contrast to the mAChR-mediated hyperpolarizing potentials in corticocallosal neurons, ACh generated prolonged mAChR-mediated depolarizing potentials in corticocollicular neurons. These prolonged depolarizing potentials generated persistent firing in corticocollicular neurons, whereas corticocallosal neurons lacking mAChR-mediated depolarizing potentials did not show persistent firing. We propose that ACh-mediated persistent firing in corticocollicular neurons may represent a critical mechanism required for learning-induced plasticity in AC. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Acetylcholine (ACh) is crucial for cognitive functions. Whereas in most cases the cellular circuits or the specific neurons via which ACh exerts its cognitive effects remain unknown, it is known that auditory cortex (AC) corticocollicular neurons projecting from layer 5B to the inferior colliculus are required for cholinergic-mediated relearning of sound localization after occlusion of one ear. Therefore, elucidation of the effects of ACh on the excitability of corticocollicular neurons will bridge the cell-specific and cognitive properties of ACh. Our results suggest that cell-specific ACh-mediated persistent firing in corticocollicular neurons may represent a critical mechanism required for learning-induced plasticity in AC. Moreover, our results provide synaptic mechanisms via which ACh may mediate its effects on AC receptive fields.
Necrotizing vasculitis and atherosclerosis
Authors: V. A. ALEGRE, R. K. WINKELMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We describe five patients aged 50 years or above who had severe atherosclerosis and necrotizing vasculitis. The vasculitis was seen in the small vessels of four patients and in the medium-sized vessels of one. All five patients had multiple necrotic ulcerative skin lesions, and two underwent amputation. Our cases suggest that the relationship between the two disorders changes and exacerbates the clinical and pathological expression of each disease.
Surface markers of cloned human T cells with various cytolytic activities.
Authors: L Moretta, M C Mingari, P R Sekaly, A Moretta, B Chapuis, J C Cerottini
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Human T cells stimulated in secondary allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) were cloned under limiting conditions in microculture systems using T cell growth factor and irradiated allogeneic cells. Clones with lytic activity against either phytohemagglutinin-induced blast cells bearing the stimulating alloantigen(s) (cytotoxic T lymphocyte [CTL] activity), L1210 mouse lymphoma cells coated with rabbit antibody (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity [ADCC]), or K562 human target cells were selected, expanded, and then analyzed for different surface markers, including rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes), receptors for the fc portion of IgG or IgM (Fc gamma R and Fc mu R), and a group of antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies including Ia, 4F2, OKT8,a nd OKT4. All the cytotoxic cells were E rosette+, Ia+ and 4f2+. Expression of Fc gamma R was restricted to the clones active in ADCC. CTL clones were either OKT8+ or OKT8-. Furthermore, three of the OKT8- CTL clones were OKT4+. In addition, some cytolytic clones devoid of specific CTL activity were OKT8+. It thus appears that the claim that human CTL are OKT8+, OKT4-, and Ia- is not supported by the analysis of their phenotype at the clonal level.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and arthritis.
Authors: G E Bignardi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

In 1986 and 1987 nine patients with a raised antibody titre to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were found. Two of these results were almost certainly due to the cross reactivity between some Y pseudotuberculosis serogroups and some salmonella serotypes. Of the other seven patients with otherwise unexplained Y pseudotuberculosis serology, three suffered from severe arthritis and two had symptoms suggestive of sacroiliitis. Our data and published reports suggest that reactive arthritis might follow both Y enterocolitica and Y pseudotuberculosis infections.
The 2002 AJCC pT2 Substages Confer No Prognostic Information on the Rate of Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Felix K.-H. Chun, Alberto Briganti, Thierry Lebeau, Vincent Fradet, Thomas Steuber, Jochen Walz, Thorsten Schlomm, Christian Eichelberg, Alexander Haese, Andreas Erbersdobler, Michael McCormack, Paul Perrotte, Markus Graefen, Hartwig Huland, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2006)
IMMUNOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY OF DELAYED AND IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
Authors: B. Benacerraf, B. B. Levine
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The effects of the following parameters on the immunologic specificity of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions were investigated in the guinea pig using the picryl and p-toluenesulfonyl systems: (a) the contribution of the carrier protein, (b) the effect of the number of hapten groups per molecule of the immunizing and challenging antigens, and (c) the effect of interposing a 6 carbon chain (epsilon-aminocaproic acid) between the hapten and its usual attachment to the lysine epsilon-NH(2) groups of the carrier protein. It was found that induction of delayed hypersensitivity was accomplished equally well with both lightly and heavily coupled conjugates. Sensitized animals which gave strong delayed reactions to the immunizing conjugate cross-reacted poorly or not at all to (a) conjugates of the same hapten with a different carrier protein, or (b) conjugates differing from the immunizing conjugate by having an epsilon-aminocaproyl chain interposed between hapten and its attachment onto the carrier protein. Animals sensitized with either lightly or heavily substituted conjugates exhibited strong delayed reactions to both conjugates, but more intense reactions to the immunizing conjugate were always observed. In contrast to the marker carrier specificity exhibited by the delayed hypersensitivity reactions, immediate hypersensitivity reactions, (specific precipitation, Arthus, and PCA reactions) could be elicited equally well with hapten conjugates of all carrier proteins, as well as with conjugates containing epsilon-aminocaproyl chains interposed between hapten and the carrier protein, provided the number of hapten groups per molecule conjugate was sufficiently high. Both in inducing antibody response and in provoking immediate hypersensitivity reactions, heavily substituted conjugates were considerably more effective than were lightly substituted conjugates. Alternative explanations for these observed differences in specificity between immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions are discussed.
Hepatic Peptidyl Prolyl Hydroxylase Activity and Liver Fibrosis-A Prospective Study of 94 Infants and Children with Hepatobiliary Disorders
Authors: Premila Trivedi, Stuart M. Tanner, Bernard Portmann, Janet Mcclement, Alex P. Mowat
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

To assess whether hepatic peptidyl prolyl hydroxylase (PPH) activity could serve as a practical quantitative indicator of hepatic fibrosis or aid in the categorization, diagnosis or prognosis of hepatobiliary disorders in infancy and childhood, the activity of this enzyme has been determined prospectively by a tritium release method in 97 biopsies from 94 infants and children with the following conditions: acute hepatitis of infancy, 10 patients; extrahepatic biliary atresia, 13; previous hepatitis of infancy, 8; α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, 6; chronic active hepatitis, 17; chronic persistent hepatitis, 5; glycogen storage disease, 5; and 25 patients with a miscellanea of other liver disorders. PPH activity was considered in relation to diagnosis, biochemical and histological abnormality and subsequent prognosis over a 4-year period. Five liver biopsies which showed no histological abnormality were considered as “controls” having PPH values of 0.72 ± 0.47 (mean ± S.D.). PPH activity was significantly elevated in acute hepatitis of infancy, 9 of the 10 infants having PPH &gt;1.66 units (i.e., mean ± 2 S.D. of the “control” value). Nine infants (70%) with extrahepatic biliary atresia also had PPH activity above this value, as did two with a-1-antitrypsin deficiency and 12 patients all in different diagnostic categories. PPH activity did not correlate with hepatic fibrosis as indicated by hepatic hydroxyproline concentration or by histological assessment, or with biochemical tests of liver function within any diagnostic group or in the series as a whole. PPH activity was similar in biopsies with and without histological features of cirrhosis. Of the 32 patients with significantly elevated PPH activity, deterioration of their hepatic state in the subsequent 4 years occurred in only 10: 5 with extrahepatic biliary atresia and individual children with acute hepatitis of infancy, α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, biliary hypoplasia, cystic fibrosis and biliary cirrhosis associated with hypogammaglobulinemia. Thus, although elevated PPH activity may indicate an increase in hepatic collagen biosynthesis at the time of biopsy, it does not appear to be a prognostic indicator of progressive liver damage. We conclude that the determination of hepatic PPH activity is of no diagnostic or prognostic value in hepatobiliary disorders in childhood, and the need for a practical method of monitoring persisting or continuing accumulation of fibrous tissue within the liver remains.
Paroxysmal Limb Hemiataxia With Crossed Facial Paresthesias in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: David M. Skillrud
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE MYRIAD potential symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) include paroxysmal phenomena. Episodic attacks of tonic spasms, paresthesias, pain, pruritus, akinesia, diplopia, dysarthria with ataxia, and hemiataxia with paresthesias have all been reported.<sup>1</sup>Most of these paroxysmal events have been responsive to therapy with carbamazepine.<sup>2</sup>This report describes an account of an uncommon type of attack—paroxysmal hemiataxia with crossed paresthesias—and its responsiveness to therapy with carbamazepine and phenytoin. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 27-year-old male physician had intermittent incoordination of the left upper and lower limbs accompanied by right facial paresthesias. Three years previously, he had experienced pruritic and tingling paresthesias of the left upper limb, extending into the first three digits. Neurological findings at that time were normal, as were roentgenograms of the cervical spine. The pruritic component resolved within days and the tingling paresthesias diminished over the next several months, but a mild "numbness or deadness" persisted
Evaluation of the hamster flank organ test for the screening of anti-androgens
Authors: A.J.M. Vermorken, C.M.A.A. Goos, P. Wirtz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Evaluation of the hamster flank organ test for the screening of anti‐androgens Get access A.J.M. Vermorken, A.J.M. Vermorken Research Unit for Cellular Differentiation and Transformation, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.M.A.A. Goos, C.M.A.A. Goos Research Unit for Cellular Differentiation and Transformation, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Wirtz P. Wirtz Department of Cytology and Histology, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 106, Issue 1, 1 January 1982, Pages 99–101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00908.x Published: 01 January 1982
Two novel mutations in the LOR gene in three families with loricrin keratoderma
Authors: A. Hotz, E. Bourrat, I. Hausser, M. Haftek, M.V. da Silva, J. Fischer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

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Clinical guidelines: Using clinical guidelines
Authors: G. Feder, M. Eccles, R. Grol, C. Griffiths, J. Grimshaw
Journal: BMJ (1999)

This is the last in a series of four articles on issues in the development and use of clinical guidelines 

In this series we have discussed the advantages and disadvantages of clinical guidelines, methods of guideline development, and the legal, political, and emotional aspects of guidelines. Assuming that the overriding purpose of clinical guidelines is to improve the quality of care for patients, in this final article we discuss how healthcare organisations (hospitals, general practices, etc) and individual clinicians can use clinical guidelines to improve clinical effectiveness.

The development of good guidelines does not ensure their use in practice. Systematic reviews of strategies for changing professional behaviour show that relatively passive methods of disseminating and implementing guidelines—by publication in professional journals or mailing to targeted healthcare professionals—rarely lead to changes in professional behaviour. 1 2 Lomas observed that the failure of passive dissemination strategies is unsurprising given that many factors influence healthcare professionals‘ behaviour,3 and this has led to increased recognition of factors that help or hinder implementation at various levels: the organisation, peer group, and individual clinician. Therefore, to maximise the likelihood of a clinical guideline being used we need coherent dissemination and implementation strategies to capitalise on known positive factors and to deal with obstacles to implementation that have already been identified.

#### Summary points

The implementation of clinical guidelines within a clinical governance setting requires time, enthusiasm, and resources

Local groups should adopt pre-existing valid guidelines

Implementation activity should draw on the available evidence

Clinical guidelines can also be used within continuing medical education or to answer specific clinical questions

In the same way as topics for guideline development need to be prioritised,4 organisations need a process by which they can set and pursue their clinical priorities. These can reflect national priorities or can be set at a …