tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Capitation funding: population, age, and mortality adjustments for regional and district health authorities in England.
Authors: J Raftery
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the effect of each of the components of the national capitation funding formula--population projections and age and mortality weighting--at regional and district level. DESIGN--Application of age-cost and mortality weights to the projected 1997 populations of regions and districts, based on the Department of Health public health common dataset. SETTING--Regional and district health authorities in England. RESULTS--The application of the age-cost and mortality weights to projected populations resulted in greater changes in the shares of weighted populations relative to the estimated 1991 population at district level (mean 0, range -17% to 28%) than at regional level (mean 0, range -9% to 6%). At district level mortality weights had less scope for influence (mean 0, range -9% to 14%) than population projections (mean 0, range -16% to 31%) or age weights (mean 0, range -20% to 30%). CONCLUSIONS--The adjustments to the 1991 population shares due to the application of the national capitation funding formula depend on the interaction of three elements: the projected population by age group, the age-cost weight, and the mortality weight. Since each is open to uncertainty, either in terms of measurement (projected population, particularly for births and the over 85s) or method (derivation of the age-cost and mortality weights), the formula should be implemented cautiously at district level. Ways should be considered of incorporating elements of uncertainty into the model. Further research is required on the elements and degree of uncertainty in each of these components, as well as on the relative health needs of different populations.
MI PATIENTS WITH NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CAD APPEAR TO HAVE SIMILAR OUTCOMES AS MI PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE CAD: INSIGHTS FROM THE TRIUMPH STUDY
Authors: Thomas M. Maddox, Kimberly J. Reid, P. Michael Ho, Thomas T. Tsai, John A. Spertus, John S. Rumsfeld
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Reprogramming of Virus-specific T Cells into Leukemia-reactive T Cells Using T Cell Receptor Gene Transfer
Authors: Mirjam H.M. Heemskerk, Manja Hoogeboom, Renate Hagedoorn, Michel G.D. Kester, Roel Willemze, J.H. Frederik Falkenburg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

T cells directed against minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) might be responsible for eradication of hematological malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We investigated whether transfer of T cell receptors (TCRs) directed against mHags, exclusively expressed on hematopoietic cells, could redirect virus-specific T cells toward antileukemic reactivity, without the loss of their original specificity. Generation of T cells with dual specificity may lead to survival of these TCR-transferred T cells for prolonged periods of time in vivo due to transactivation of the endogenous TCR of the tumor-reactive T cells by the latent presence of viral antigens. Furthermore, TCR transfer into restricted T cell populations, which are nonself reactive, will minimize the risk of autoimmunity. We demonstrate that cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T cells can be efficiently reprogrammed into leukemia-reactive T cells by transfer of TCRs directed against the mHag HA-2. HA-2-TCR-transferred CMV-specific T cells derived from human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+ or HLA-A2- individuals exerted potent antileukemic as well as CMV reactivity, without signs of anti-HLA-A2 alloreactivity. The dual specificity of these mHag-specific, TCR-redirected virus-specific T cells opens new possibilities for the treatment of hematological malignancies of HLA-A2+ HA-2-expressing patients transplanted with HLA-A2-matched or -mismatched donors.
Association of gankyrin protein expression with early clinical stages and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Atsushi Umemura, Yoshito Itoh, Katsuhiko Itoh, Kanji Yamaguchi, Tomoki Nakajima, Hiroaki Higashitsuji, Hitoshi Onoue, Manabu Fukumoto, Takeshi Okanoue, Jun Fujita
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Gankyrin (also known as PSMD10) is a liver oncoprotein that interacts with multiple proteins including MDM2 and accelerates degradation of the tumor suppressors p53 and Rb. We produced a monoclonal anti-gankyrin antibody and immunohistochemically assessed the clinicopathological significance of gankyrin overexpression in 43 specimens of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specific cytoplasmic staining for gankyrin was observed in 62.8% (27/43) of HCCs, which was significantly associated with low TNM stage (P = 0.004), no capsular invasion (P = 0.018), no portal venous invasion (P = 0.008), and no intrahepatic metastasis (P = 0.012). The cumulative survival rate of patients with gankyrin-positive HCC was significantly higher than that with gankyrin-negative HCC (P = 0.037). p53 and MDM2 were positively stained by antibodies in 30.2% and 23.3%, respectively, of HCCs, but neither was inversely associated with gankyrin expression. In the Huh-7 human HCC cell line, overexpression of gankyrin up-regulated expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP-5), whereas suppression of gankyrin expression by siRNA down-regulated it. Supression of IGFBP-5 expression inhibited proliferation of Huh-7 cells as well as U-2 OS osteosarcoma cells. In HCC specimens, positive staining for IGFBP-5 was observed by immunohistochemistry in 41.9% (18/43), and the level of expression was significantly correlated with that of gankyrin (rho = 0.629, P < 0.001).These results suggest that gankyrin plays an oncogenic role(s) mainly at the early stages of human hepatocarcinogenesis, and that IGFBP-5 inducible by gankyrin overexpression may be involved in it.
The Combined Use of L-DOPA and a Peripheral Decarboxylase Inhibitor (MK485) in Depression.
Authors: Frederick K. Goodwin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The Combined Use of L-DOPA and a Peripheral Decarboxylase Inhibitor (MK485) in Depression.Frederick K. Goodwin, M.D., H. Keith, H. Brodie, M.D.Frederick K. Goodwin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. KeithSearch for more papers by this author, H. Brodie, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-806_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe purpose of this study is to provide a more direct evaluation of the hypothesis that depression is associated with a functional decrease in brain catecholamines. Since the amines themselves do not pass the blood brain barrier, L-3:4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), the amino acid precursor of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE), was administered orally to depressed patients. The great majority of the DOPA is decarboxylated in the periphery, and, in addition, the barrier involving decarboxylation of DOPA to DA in the brain capillary wall is not overcome in animals until high doses of DOPA are achieved. In animals the use of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Frederick K. Goodwin, M.D.; H. Keith; H. Brodie, M.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5 Page: 806-806 Keywords Amino acids Blood-brain barrier Brain Capillaries Catecholamines Dopamine Levodopa Norepinephrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical advice in press is often unsuitable, sometimes dangerous
Authors: G. Basky
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Information dispensed in medical advice columns in newspapers is often inappropriate and sometimes dangerous, according to a recent Canadian study.

Dr Frank Molnar, from the division of geriatric medicine at Ottawa Hospital's civic campus, and his colleagues found that the content in half of 50 advice columns randomly selected from a total of 109 Canadian English …
A fatal case of scleredema of Buschke
Authors: J.E. SANSOM, A.L. SHEEHAN, C.T.C. KENNEDY, T. J. DELANEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article A fatal case of scleredema of Buschke Get access J.E. SANSOM, J.E. SANSOM Department of Dermatology Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS2 8HW. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.L. SHEEHAN, A.L. SHEEHAN Departments of Histopathology, Gloucester Royal Hospital, Gloucester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.T.C. KENNEDY, C.T.C. KENNEDY Department of Dermatology Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS2 8HW. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. J. DELANEY T. J. DELANEY Dermatology, Gloucester Royal Hospital, Gloucester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 5, 1 May 1994, Pages 669–670, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13119.x Published: 01 May 1994 Article history Accepted: 12 October 1993 Published: 01 May 1994
Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Alan A. Wartenberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  Dr. Giuffrida's comments regarding treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (1982;248:2535) merit comment. He states that intramuscular chlordiazepoxide and diazepam are commonly used to reduce agitation. While their use intramuscularly (IM) is undoubtedly common, such use cannot be endorsed.  Chlordiazepoxide is poorly absorbed from IM depots and may crystallize at the site of injection. 1,2 Diazepam may be better absorbed from IM sites, especially from the deltoid muscle. 1,2 Both drugs are well absorbed after oral administration, and this route should be used whenever possible. Since the parenteral route is used generally in patients who are more severely compromised, the intravenous (IV) route ensures better delivery of drug and is recommended. 1,3 When an IM route is preferred, lorazepam may prove to be an excellent alternative. 4   I have seen many cases of failure of high-dose IM chlordiazepoxide and diazepam to control alcohol withdrawal syndrome as well as
Increase in Suicide by Asphyxiation in New York City after the Publication of Final Exit
Authors: Peter M. Marzuk, Kenneth Tardiff, Charles S. Hirsch, Andrew C. Leon, Marina Stajic, Nancy Hartwell, Laura Portera
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Coverage of suicides in the news media has been linked with a subsequent increase in suicides,1,2 but there has been some controversy about these studies3. Recently, Dr. Jack Kevorkian and others who advocate assisted suicide for the terminally ill have received widespread publicity. However, the effects of publicity about lethal methods of self-injury4 and assisted suicide, as opposed to media reports of actual suicides, are not known.In March 1991, the Hemlock Society, which advocates voluntary euthanasia, published Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self-Deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying, by Derek Humphry5. The book discourages the . . .
Job strain and the risk of severe asthma exacerbations: a meta‐analysis of individual‐participant data from 100 000 <scp>E</scp>uropean men and women
Authors: K. Heikkilä, I. E. H. Madsen, S. T. Nyberg, E. I. Fransson, H. Westerlund, P. J. M. Westerholm, M. Virtanen, J. Vahtera, A. Väänänen, T. Theorell, S. B. Suominen, M. J. Shipley, P. Salo, R. Rugulies, J. Pentti, J. H. Pejtersen, T. Oksanen, M. Nordin, M. L. Nielsen, A. Kouvonen, A. Koskinen, M. Koskenvuo, A. Knutsson, J. E. Ferrie, N. Dragano, H. Burr, M. Borritz, J. B. Bjorner, L. Alfredsson, G. D. Batty, A. Singh‐Manoux, M. Kivimäki
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Many patients and healthcare professionals believe that work‐related psychosocial stress, such as job strain, can make asthma worse, but this is not corroborated by empirical evidence. We investigated the associations between job strain and the incidence of severe asthma exacerbations in working‐age European men and women. Methods We analysed individual‐level data, collected between 1985 and 2010, from 102 175 working‐age men and women in 11 prospective E uropean studies. Job strain (a combination of high demands and low control at work) was self‐reported at baseline. Incident severe asthma exacerbations were ascertained from national hospitalization and death registries. Associations between job strain and asthma exacerbations were modelled using C ox regression and the study‐specific findings combined using random‐effects meta‐analyses. Results During a median follow‐up of 10 years, 1 109 individuals experienced a severe asthma exacerbation (430 with asthma as the primary diagnostic code). In the age‐ and sex‐adjusted analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of severe asthma exacerbations defined using the primary diagnostic code (hazard ratio, HR : 1.27, 95% confidence interval, CI : 1.00, 1.61). This association attenuated towards the null after adjustment for potential confounders ( HR : 1.22, 95% CI : 0.96, 1.55). No association was observed in the analyses with asthma defined using any diagnostic code ( HR : 1.01, 95% CI : 0.86, 1.19) . Conclusions Our findings suggest that job strain is probably not an important risk factor for severe asthma exacerbations leading to hospitalization or death.
Papanicolaou Smears and Frozen Sections on Selected Cutaneous Neoplasms
Authors: James H. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This study indicates that accurate diagnosis can be made by both cytologic study of Papanicolaou stained smears and frozen tissue sections prepared from specimens of cutaneous premalignant, malignant, and benign lesions. Both techniques are of distinct advantage over the paraffin-block method in making a rapid presumptive diagnosis because of the short time required and the high degree of specificity. In some instances, rapid diagnosis permits more prompt institution of therapy and reduction of the period of hospitalization. Disadvantages are the need for trained personnel and the difficulty of specifically diagnosing premalignant lesions. The smear technique has certain advantages over frozen section method in that it is equally reliable, requires only limited equipment, and is simple and highly adaptable.
Modifiable Risk Factors for Vascular Access Site Complications in the IMPACT II Trial of Angioplasty With Versus Without Eptifibatide
Authors: Jeffrey S. Mandak, James C. Blankenship, Laura H. Gardner, Scott D. Berkowitz, Frank V. Aguirre, Kristina N. Sigmon, Gerald C. Timmis, Ian C. Gilchrist, Michael McIvor, Jon Resar, Bonnie H. Weiner, Barry S. George, J.David Talley, A.Michael Lincoff, James E. Tcheng, Robert M. Califf, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Targeted β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase (βARK1) Inhibition by Gene Transfer in Failing Human Hearts
Authors: Matthew L. Williams, Jonathan A. Hata, Jacob Schroder, Edward Rampersaud, Jason Petrofski, Andre Jakoi, Carmelo A. Milano, Walter J. Koch
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Failing human myocardium is characterized by an attenuated contractile response to beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) stimulation due to changes in this signaling cascade, including increased expression and activity of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (betaARK1). This leads to desensitization and downregulation of betaARs. Previously, expression of a peptide inhibitor of betaARK1 (betaARKct) has proven beneficial in several animal models of heart failure (HF).To test the hypothesis that inhibition of betaARK1 could improve beta-adrenergic signaling and contractile function in failing human myocytes, the betaARKct was expressed via adenovirus-mediated (AdbetaARKct) gene transfer in ventricular myocytes isolated from hearts explanted from 10 patients with end-stage HF undergoing cardiac transplantation. AdbetaARKct also contained the marker gene, green fluorescent protein, and successful gene transfer was confirmed via fluorescence and immunoblotting. Compared with uninfected failing myocytes (control), the velocities of both contraction and relaxation in the AdbetaARKct-treated cells were increased in response to the beta-agonist isoproterenol (contraction: 57.5+/-6.6% versus 37.0+/-4.2% shortening per second, P<0.05; relaxation: 43.8+/-5.5% versus 27.5+/-3.9% lengthening per second, P<0.05). Fractional shortening was similarly enhanced (12.2+/-1.2% versus 8.0+/-0.9%, P<0.05). Finally, adenylyl cyclase activity in response to isoproterenol was also increased in AdbetaARKct-treated myocytes.These results demonstrate that as in animal models of HF, expression of the betaARKct can improve contractile function and beta-adrenergic responsiveness in failing human myocytes. Thus, betaARK1 inhibition may represent a therapeutic strategy for human HF.
Plasmin generation and fibrin(ogen)olysis following desmopressin infusion
Authors: Hoyu Takahashi, Wataru Tatewaki, Ken Wada, Hiroe Niwano, Masaharu Hanano, Akira Shibata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is known to stimulate the release of tissue‐type plasminogen activator (t‐PA) from endothelial cells, but it is unclear whether the increased t‐PA actually elicits the plasmin generation and fibrin(ogen)olysis in the circulating blood. We measured plasma levels of plasmin‐α 2 ‐plasmin inhibitor complex, fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) and fibrin degradation products (FbDP) following desmopressin infusion in 19 patients with bleeding disorders or thrombophilia. Administration of desmopressin (0.3–0.4 μg/kg) produced a 4.0‐fold increase in plasmin‐α 2 ‐plasmin inhibitor complex at 30 min, whereas neither FgDP nor FbDP was elevated significantly. These findings indicate that desmopressin infusion provokes the generation of plasmin in vivo, but most of the plasmin generated is complexed to α 2 ‐plasmin inhibitor and does not degradate fibrin or fibrinogen.
Silent Epidemic of Viral Hepatitis May Lead to Boom in Serious Liver Disease
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immune response to B19 parvovirus and an antibody defect in persistent viral infection.
Authors: G J Kurtzman, B J Cohen, A M Field, R Oseas, R M Blaese, N S Young
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

B19 parvovirus has been shown to persist in some immunocompromised patients, and treatment with specific antibodies can lead to decreased quantities of circulating virus and hematologic improvement. A defective immune response to B19 parvovirus in these patients was shown by comparison of results using a capture RIA and immunoblotting. In normal individuals, examination of paired sera showed that the dominant humoral immune response during early convalescence was to the virus major capsid protein (58 kD) and during late convalescence to the minor capsid species (83 kD). In patients with persistent parvovirus infection, variable titers against intact particles were detected by RIA, but the sera from these patients had minimal or no IgG to capsid proteins determined by Western analysis. Competition experiments suggested that this discrepancy was not explicable on the basis of immune complex formation alone and that these patients may have a qualitative abnormality in antibody binding to virus. In neutralization experiments, in which erythroid colony formation in vitro was used as an assay of parvovirus activity, sera from patients with poor reactivity on immunoblotting were also inadequate in inhibiting viral infectivity. A cellular response to purified B19 parvovirus could not be demonstrated using proliferation assays and PBMC from individuals with serologic evidence of exposure to virus. These results suggest that production of neutralizing antibody to capsid protein plays a major role in limiting parvovirus infection in man.
Two-Dimensional Echocardiography in Patients with Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: JULIA L. LOVETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

To assess the use of two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography in demonstrating a cardiac source for cerebral embolization, we studed 138 patients with one or more recent episodes of focal cerebral ischemia, in whom either a cardiac mechanism was suspected or no probable mechanism of ischemia was identified. Intracardiac thrombus was found in nine patients (6.5%); 32 (23.2%) had other cardiac disorders possibly related to the ischemia; and the remaining 97 (70.3%) had study results that were normal or added nothing to the clinical findings. Thus, 2D echocardiography was of limited value in patients with no clinical cardiac disease or hypertension only, and of greater value in patients with known cardiac disease, especially atrial fibrillation. Although 2D echocardiography can demonstrate a wide range of disorders that may be associated with ischemia, the overall low yield does not warrant routine use of this study in all patients with unexplained cerebral ischemic events.
Protective Effect of Hypervolemia in Cardioangiography
Authors: George L. Garber
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Animal experiments were undertaken to find the cause of the deaths that have occasionally followed the rapid injection of sodium diatrizoate in cardioangiography. The rapid injection of 5 ml. per kilogram was fatal to each of 12 consecutive dogs. The postmortem findings were those of cor pulmonale. In 4 other groups of 10 dogs each, 4 materials were tested for possible protective effect: heparinized whole blood, sodium chloride solution, and dextrans of high and low molecular weights. In each of these 4 groups, a preliminary infusion sufficient to cause hypervolemia significantly reduced the death rate from subsequent rapid injections of sodium diatrizoate. No significant differences were found between any 2 of the 4 protective substances.
Down-regulation of CD20 expression in B-cell lymphoma cells after treatment with rituximab-containing combination chemotherapies: its prevalence and clinical significance
Authors: Junji Hiraga, Akihiro Tomita, Takumi Sugimoto, Kazuyuki Shimada, Masafumi Ito, Shigeo Nakamura, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Tomohiro Kinoshita, Tomoki Naoe
Journal: Blood (2009)