tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX
Authors: Charles M. Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Even the smallest apparatus now on the market for the administration of artificial pneumothorax is unduly bulky and heavy to carry by hand. To obviate these difficulties the apparatus described herein, which, incidentally, costs practically nothing, has been found useful. It requires only one bottle, the gas container, the gas in this bottle being displaced by water that enters the container from a funnel. The neck of the bottle is fitted with a rubber stopper of the type shown in Figure 1 or smaller. This stopper has two perforations, one to hold the funnel stem, the other to hold the exit tube, which is made of glass bent at an angle. When the cork is in place in the bottle and water is poured into the funnel, the water will run into the bottle, displacing the air, which escapes by way of the exit tube, unless, as will happen under
Effect of Biolimus-Eluting Stents With Biodegradable Polymer vs Bare-Metal Stents on Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lorenz Räber, Henning Kelbæk, Miodrag Ostojic, Andreas Baumbach, Dik Heg, David Tüller, Clemens von Birgelen, Marco Roffi, Aris Moschovitis, Ahmed A. Khattab, Peter Wenaweser, Robert Bonvini, Giovanni Pedrazzini, Ran Kornowski, Klaus Weber, Sven Trelle, Thomas F. Lüscher, Masanori Taniwaki, Christian M. Matter, Bernhard Meier, Peter Jüni, Stephan Windecker, for the COMFORTABLE AMI Trial Investigators
Journal: JAMA (2012)

<h3>Context</h3>The efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents compared with bare-metal stents remains controversial in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).<h3>Objective</h3>To compare stents eluting biolimus from a biodegradable polymer with bare-metal stents in primary PCI.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>A prospective, randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial of 1161 patients presenting with STEMI at 11 sites in Europe and Israel between September 19, 2009, and January 25, 2011. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1 and 12 months.<h3>Intervention</h3>Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive the biolimus-eluting stent (n = 575) or the bare-metal stent (n = 582).<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Primary end point was the rate of major adverse cardiac events, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel–related reinfarction, and ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization at 1 year.<h3>Results</h3>Major adverse cardiac events at 1 year occurred in 24 patients (4.3%) receiving biolimus-eluting stents with biodegradable polymer and 49 patients (8.7%) receiving bare-metal stents (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80; P = .004). The difference was driven by a lower risk of target vessel–related reinfarction (3 [0.5%] vs 15 [2.7%]; HR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06-0.69; P = .01) and ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization (9 [1.6%] vs 32 [5.7%]; HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13-0.59; P &lt; .001) in patients receiving biolimus-eluting stents compared with those receiving bare-metal stents. Rates of cardiac death were not significantly different (16 [2.9%] vs 20 [3.5%], P = .53). Definite stent thrombosis occurred in 5 patients (0.9%) treated with biolimus-eluting stents and 12 patients (2.1%; HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.15-1.19; P = .10) treated with bare-metal stents.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Compared with a bare-metal stent, the use of biolimus-eluting stents with a biodegradable polymer resulted in a lower rate of the composite of major adverse cardiac events at 1 year among patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00962416
Are We a Filter or a Sponge?
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Durack's spoof in the Journal a few months ago said some amusing things about "the weight of medical knowledge," but it had a sober message: the ever rising flood of medical literature will soon overwhelm us unless we take appropriate action. Neither the problem nor the prophecy is new, of course. We have been living in an era of exponential growth of medical information for several decades now and yet have managed so far to cope, although not without increasing effort.But the journals continue their relentless proliferation, as do the volumes of symposia, transactions and other periodicals containing "original" . . .
Case of Ptomaine Poisoning from Eating Turkey
Authors: E. S. Worrall
Journal: BMJ (1897)

RPTOMAINE POISONING.T. JL843 put out his tongue, or sliut his eyes, or hold out his hand hE usually performed all these actions correctly if addressed slowly and distinctly aiid in monosyllables.It was manifest that his comprehension of spoken words was aided by the close watel whiclh he kept on the lips of the speaker, for if the same plhrases were repeated in suclh a way that he could not see the face of the person addressing him hie at first com- pletely failed to comply witlh the requests made.It was interesting to note that after a few trials he seemed to become acquainted witlh th1e sounds, and readily did what was required of him.Any attempts to engage him in ordinary conversation were futile, and invariably elicited the reply : 44 I hear you, but I don't understand what you say."Notwithstanding his difficulty in comprehending spoken language, there was no impairment of ordinary hearin.He heard and recognised a watcl ticking at a considerable dis- 'tance from either ear, and hie recognised and named everyday sounds, such as the noise of street traffic, the bark of a dog, a railway whistle, and the noise produced by poking the fire.He seldom spoke voluntarily, but when he aid his articulation was perfect.His remarks were always short and simple, apparently hisc vocabulary was small, and every now and then he would misapply a word.He could write readily and distinctly, and hie read aloud with ease and with intelli- gence.When shown various objects, for example, watch, pencil, penknife, and coins of different values, he could name them all correctly and without hesitation.His musical faculty was impaired.Previous to his illness he could sing to some extent, and was fairly well acquainted with Scotch and other melodies, but when tested at the organ soon after admission he failed to recognise such well-known airs as "Auld Lang Syne " and "WVe're a' Noddin'," and was equally
Levomethadyl Acetate
Authors: Robert Levine
Journal: JAMA (1973)

One way to reduce diversion of methadone is to substitute a long-acting opioid such as levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride. In male volunteers, levomethadyl acetate was given three times weekly in increasing dosages, and blockade to 25 mg intravenously given heroin at 72 hours was determined. Levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride, 70 mg, was necessary to suppress subjective discomfort of withdrawal, and 80 mg or more to blockade pupillary effects. For clinical trials, levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride, 80 mg, three times a week is suggested as a substitute for methadone.
Ultrasound and operative evaluation of arthritic shoulder joints
Authors: E Alasaarela, J Leppilahti, M Hakala
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To assess the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of arthritic shoulder joints. <h3>METHODS</h3> Twenty shoulders of 20 inpatients with arthritis were evaluated by US one day before the shoulder operation. Changes in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa, biceps tendon and tendon sheath, rotatof cuff, and glenohumeral joint were recorded and compared with findings at operation. <h3>RESULTS</h3> In the detection of effusion/hypertrophy in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa, US had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 83%. For a biceps tendon rupture US had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 100%. US missed three intra-articular biceps tendon ruptures. For effusion/hypertrophy in the biceps tendon sheath US had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 83%. For a rotator cuff tear US had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 57%. US missed two small longitudinal rotator cuff tears. Three thin membranous, but intact, rotator cuff tendons were classified as full thickness tears by US. Synovial effusion/hypertrophy was detected by US and at operation in all of the 12 glenohumeral joints that were evaluable at surgery. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> US is a reliable method in experienced hands for the evaluation of inflammatory changes of an arthritic shoulder. In advanced stages of rheumatoid shoulder joints, however, US is not useful, because destructive bone changes and tendon ruptures change the normal anatomy and restrict shoulder motions, limiting the visibility of US.
The Vancouver bobsled: cool patellofemoral runnings
Authors: Mario Bizzini
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

In September 2013, Vancouver hosted the International Patellofemoral Pain (PFP) Research Symposium, where the best experts presented and debated the latest developments in this area. In the same city the unforgettable 2010 Winter Olympics took place, which included the bobsled competitions in Whistler. The link between these two events is that patellar tracking on the femoral trochlea is often compared with a bobsled within the ice track. The traditional view is that the patella/bobsled is unstable within the trochlea/track. However, the research at the symposium demonstrated that the patella is influenced by the position of the femur and ‘follows’ its orientation. To illustrate this, dynamic valgus and femoral internal rotation at the knee pushes the patella laterally, stressing the medial structures and potentially leading to PFP. These biomechanical changes in turn can affect many soft …
Cancer of the Breast
Authors: Nicholas P. Lang
Journal: JAMA (1989)

It has been 21 years since the first edition of<i>Cancer of the Breast</i>by Donegan and Spratt and nine years since the second. Since then there have been major changes in our understanding of breast cancer. Despite the declaration of Feig and McLelland in the preface to their 1983 book<i>Breast Carcinoma, Current Diagnosis and Treatment</i>that "A cure for breast cancer has been found!",<sup>1</sup>patients continue to die of this disease, researchers continue to search for the cause and for a cure, and surgeons still struggle with the question of what treatment plan would be best for a particular patient. The nine years since the second edition of<i>Cancer of the Breast</i>have produced a significant body of literature on the relationship between diet and breast disease. In addition, the surgical management of primary breast cancer has been significantly altered by the popularization of breast conservation.<sup>2</sup>
Functional Renal Failure in Cirrhosis
Authors: EDWARD T. SCHROEDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

A 42-year-old woman with alcoholic cirrhosis spontaneously developed severe and prolonged oliguric functional renal failure. After 14 weeks of oliguria, unimproved by plasma expansion, and progressive uremia requiring repeated peritoneal dialysis, a portacaval shunt was constructed to improve renal perfusion. Improvement in renal function began immediately after surgery, and creatinine clearance rose from 8 to 75 ml/min. Presurgical abnormalities of blood pressure, hyperaldosteronism, renal dilution mechanisms, and plasma renin returned to normal or near normal after surgery. Recovery of renal function may have been a result of altered hemodynamics associated with construction of the portacaval shunt.
Letter: Hypertension and myocardial infarction.
Authors: T Lovegrove
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Novem,ber, p. 449). In this department we have used frusemide successfully in the treatment of 13 cases of acute renal failure in which the oliguria was of more than 48 hours duration.'Failure was post-obstetric in 10 cases, post-surgical in one, traumatic in one, and due to myocardial infarction in one.The doses used were mod-est compared with those used by Professor Cantarovich and his colleagues, except in one case in which a total dose of 6g was given in addition to dialysis.No side effects have been noticed.We strongly feel that frusemide is safe and should be given priority in a country like Pakistan where economic limitations may not allow th-e use of more sophisticated method of treatment.The drug should be used early to avoid irreversible renal damage.This, we feel, is a new role of frusemide on a prophylactic basis.-Iam, etc.,
Best books on geriatrics: a personal choice
Authors: J. F Potter
Journal: BMJ (1995)

* Lecture Notes on Geriatrics. 4th edn. N Coni, W Davison, S Webster. (pounds sterling13.50.) Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993. ISBN 063203369X

\***| The Essentials of Health Care of the Elderly. G Bennett, S Ebrahim. (pounds sterling10.99.) Edward Arnold, 1992. ISBN 0340545593

Any undergraduate text on medicine for elderly people should concern itself with how and why dealing with older people differs from treating younger age groups, taking into account the physiological changes of aging, differences in the presentation and treatment of disease, the role of rehabilitation, and the organisation of medical, social, and voluntary services Lecture Notes on Geriatrics remains the number onechoice for undergraduates and newly qualified doctors alike, the fact that it is in its fourth edition showing how well it has stood the test of time. The new edition, much revised and updated, has succinct chapters giving good practical advice on treatment and management, with highlighted lists of important points.

The Essentials of Health Care in the Elderly is another useful text for students, though not as comprehensive as Lecture Notes. It is clearly written, easily readable, and well illustrated and provides useful practical hints and key points, though by its nature these are brief, so that the reader has to seek more detailed …
Choice of Therapy for Graves' Hyperthyroidism
Authors: David V. Becker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Surgery, antithyroid drugs, and radioiodine are all effective for the treatment of adult Graves' hypcrthyroidism. However, reports in the medical literature present widely varying and often conflicting data with regard to cure, relapse, frequency of side effects, cost, and convenience. The differences are probably related to differences in patient classification and selection, quality and duration of follow-up, and immunologic and nutritional status. Furthermore, the natural tendency for patients with Graves' disease to become hypothyroid eventually and the unpredictable nature of surgical complications, adverse drug reactions, and radiation sensitivity may perplex the therapist.Surgery produces a rapid and permanent cure of . . .
Legal Immunity for Medical Peer-Review Programs
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

THE past few years have seen extensive legal activity concerning the provision of immunity from liability, especially in antitrust suits, to physicians who take part in peer-review programs to monitor performance and to discipline fellow physicians in hospitals and other medical care organizations.In previous decades, physicians were reluctant to participate in peer-review activities because they feared retaliatory lawsuits by disgruntled physicians who sued hospitals to gain reinstatement to medical staffs and, in more aggravated disputes, sued physician members of peer-review committees for libel or slander and sought financial awards for alleged disparagement of their professional reputations. These problems were . . .
Elevated plasma levels of C-reactive protein may modulate myocardial damage in patients with acute myocardial infarction underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Akihiro Nakagomi, Kouichi Akutu, Satoshi Aoki, Yoshito Yamane, Hiromichi Takagi, Nobuhiko Fujita, Hitoshi Takano, Yoshiki Kusama, Morimasa Takayama, Teruo Takano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Reversal of an Inborn Sphingolipidosis (Fabry's Disease) by Kidney Transplantation
Authors: MICHEL PHILIPPART
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

A 38-year-old man with Fabry's disease (α-galactosidosis) received a cadaver kidney transplant in September 1969. After surgery, plasma and urine trihexosyl ceramide was successfully maintained within normal levels. Normal or higher than normal amounts of the deficient enzyme, α-galactosidase, were excreted in the urine. Plasma α-galactosidase activity, which was undetectable before transplantation, has fluctuated from 5% to 20% of the normal activity. Clinical improvement included decreased fatigability, complete disappearance of previous crippling bouts of pain, and sweating in this patient who had been anhidrotic in the past. Organ transplantation may thus provide an effective method of enzyme substitution. This type of therapy may be applicable to other selected types of inherited metabolic disorders.
Financial Consequences of Drug Benefit Plans
Authors: John Hsu, Mary Reed
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) preserves proximal tubule microfilament structure and function in vivo in a maleic acid model of ATP depletion.
Authors: P S Kellerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The hallmark of ischemic acute renal failure is a rapid and early decline in proximal tubule ATP. Since we have previously shown that over half of apical microfilament losses occur within the first 5 min of experimental ischemic injury, we postulated that microfilament (F-actin) structure and cellular location are dependent on cellular ATP levels. To test this hypothesis, we used maleic acid to selectively inhibit renal cortical ATP production in vivo. Maleic acid significantly decreased tissue ATP and apical F-actin in a dose-dependent manner relative to equimolar sodium chloride controls, yet higher doses of maleic acid quantitatively resulted in net actin polymerization, primarily in the cytoplasm. Functionally, maleic acid decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and tubular reabsorption of sodium (TRNa) in a dose-dependent manner relative to sodium chloride controls. Administration of exogenous ATP resulted in significant increases in tissue ATP, net actin depolymerization, and relocation of F-actin from the cytoplasm back to the apical surface coinciding with increases in GFR and TRNa. Thus, ATP depletion induced by maleic acid resulted in significant cytoskeletal and functional alterations that were ameliorated by exogenous ATP. We therefore conclude that the structure and cellular location of F-actin necessary for normal functioning of proximal tubule cells in vivo is dependent on tissue ATP levels.
British Labour MEP takes over EU medical devices brief
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Glenis Willmott, a British Labour member of the European Parliament, has been given the responsibility of leading the parliament’s input to new legislation tightening up European Union rules on medical devices.

Willmott, who leads the British Labour delegation in the European Parliament and is their health spokeswoman, expressed delight at her appointment. “After the scandals involving PIP [Poly Implant Prothese] breast implants and metal on metal hip replacements, the …
The FGF-2-Derived Peptide FREG Inhibits Melanoma Growth In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Maria S Aguzzi, Debora Faraone, Daniela D'Arcangelo, Francesco De Marchis, Gabriele Toietta, Domenico Ribatti, Alberto Parazzoli, Paolo Colombo, Maurizio C Capogrossi, Antonio Facchiano
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Previous data report that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-derived peptide FREG potently inhibits FGF-2-dependent angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that FREG inhibits up to 70% in vitro growth and invasion/migration of smooth muscle and melanoma cells. Such inhibition is mediated by platelet-derived growth factor-receptor-α (PDGF-Rα); in fact, proliferation and migration were restored upon PDGF-Rα neutralization. Further experiments demonstrated that FREG interacts with PDGF-Rα both in vitro and in vivo and stimulates its phosphorylation. We have previously shown that overexpressing PDGF-Rα strongly inhibits melanoma growth in vivo; we, therefore, hypothesized that PDGF-Rα agonists may represent a novel tool to inhibit melanoma growth in vivo. To support this hypothesis, FREG was inoculated intravenously (i.v.) in a mouse melanoma model and markedly inhibited pulmonary metastases formation. Immunohistochemical analyses showed less proliferation, less angiogenesis, and more apoptosis in metastasized lungs upon FREG treatment, as compared to untreated controls. Finally, in preliminary acute toxicity studies, FREG showed no toxicity signs in healthy animals, and neither microscopic nor macroscopic toxicity at the liver, kidney, and lungs level. Altogether, these data indicate that FREG systemic treatment strongly inhibits melanoma metastases development and indicate for the first time that agonists of PDGF-Rα may control melanoma both in vitro and in vivo.