tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mothers' Reactions to Their Newborn Babies
Authors: Niles Newton
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Mothers' reactions to their newborn babies were studied through detailed records of the behavior of 634 parturient women. One hundred fifty-seven service patients who were judged to be "greatly pleased" at the first sight of their babies were compared, in regard to 59 medical, psychological, and social facts, with 72 service patients who were judged to be "indifferent" or "disgusted." Thirteen statistically significant differences were found. When compared with rejective mothers, accepting mothers were more likely to be quiet, relaxed, and cooperative in labor, to have had a better emotional relationship with attendants, to have received more solicitous physical care, and to have more desire to breast feed their babies. These findings agree with those observed in other mammals.
IMPAIRED PRODUCTION OF ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC INTERLEUKIN-10 BY MACROPHAGE WITHIN CULPRIT PLAQUE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH RESTENOSIS AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Tomoki Kameyama, Takao Sato, Hiroshi Ueno, Hiroshi Inoue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Researchers decode gene sequences for chromosomes 13 and 19
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Researchers have found surprising variation in the number of genes on human chromosomes 13 and 19, in addition to gene sequences associated with a range of diseases, in the full sequencing of the genes published for the first time last week.

The first full sequences of the two human chromosomes showed a large difference in the numbers of genes coded for by the two chromosomes. Sequencing showed that human chromosome 13 contained more than 95.5 megabases (one megabase is a million base pairs), within which there were 633 genes ( Nature 2004;428: 522-8).In contrast, chromosome 19 was smaller, at …
Pentazocine-Induced Fibrous Myopathy
Authors: Harold A. Burnham
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Whenever the question of pentazocine-induced fibrous myopathy arises, it is important to consider the basic facts that seem to be common in each reported case. A systemic process was suggested (232: 1126,1975) in a 59-year-old man dependent on pentazocine intramuscular injections for at least four years. Winfield and Greer<sup>1</sup>state that sclerosis has been observed at areas distant from the actual injection site. In the only two cases they reported, however, the lesions were limited to the sites of pentazocine injections. Steiner et al<sup>2</sup>described a patient in whom progressive and symmetrical muscular tightness developed in association with frequent intramuscular injections of pentazocine. In his letter to the editor (227:79, 1974), Dr Rush pointed out that almost without exception cutaneous sclerosis and associated problems occurred in patients who have injected pentazocine for long periods of time in a dosage far greater than that recommended or
A Biopsy-Negative Esophageal Cancer: Diagnosis by Combination of Bite Biopsy and Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Using a Cap-Fitted Panendoscope (EMRC)
Authors: T. Yokoyama, N. Nakamura, K. Kiyosawa, T. Akamatsu
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Esophageal cancers which are not exposed to the lumen and which infiltrate deeply are difficult to diagnose using conventional bite biopsy, because such lesions are often covered by normal mucosa. We discovered that an accurate diagnosis could be made by a combination of endoscopic mucosal resection using a cap-fitted panendoscope (EMRC) [1] [2] and bite biopsy from the bottom of the artificial ulcer.
If at first you don't succeed
Authors: James Hanslip
Journal: BMJ (2007)

“If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.” The origins of this phrase are not entirely clear, having been quoted as far back as 1840 but popularised in Edward Hickson's Moral Song (1857). Whoever originally coined it, most people would agree with its sentiment. Which is why I was surprised that, at a recent meeting on current changes in postgraduate surgical training, a tutor encouraged trainees not successful at surgical selection stages to “go off and do something else.” 

This made me wonder what the world would be …
Antiidiotypic antibody vaccine in murine Schistosomiasis mansoni comprising the internal image of antigen.
Authors: T F Kresina, G R Olds
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

This study presents the characterization of an experimental immunotherapeutic approach for schistosomiasis utilizing antiidiotypic antibodies. Antiidiotype (31-3B6) was generated in rabbits using a protective murine monoclonal antibody 31-3B6 which recognizes a 68,000-D molecular mass glycoprotein present in extracts of Schistosomiasis mansoni adult worm homogenetics. Immunization of mice with antiidiotype (31-3B6) before S. mansoni cercariae infection resulted in protection levels ranging from 16 to 41% depending on the route of administration of antiidiotypic antibody and the use of adjuvant. Levels of protection as high as 25% could be obtained with a single injection of antiidiotype (31-3B6) without the use of adjuvant. Animals noted to be resistant to infection with S. mansoni cercariae were also noted to exhibit a humoral immune response that bound components of S. mansoni adult worm homogenetics. This induced antiantigen immune response was shown to bind to the surface of S. mansoni schistosoma by indirect immunofluorescence. Further characterization of the induced antiantigen response showed that a portion (3-32%) of the induced humoral immune response portrayed the binding specificities of the murine monoclonal antibody 31-3B6. The data indicate that antiidiotype antibodies generated utilizing defined monoclonal antibodies can act as surrogate antigens in the protection of infection in schistosomiasis.
Cullen's Sign in Perforated Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: R. H. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1971)

stabilized beforehand, because it seems to us to be more desirable clinically to estab- lish the correct anticonvulsant treatment rather than add another therapeutic agent to an already complicated regime in order to achieve the same result.Though only one specimen of blood was taken for estimation of serum folic acid, the estimations were routinely carried out in pairs in order to eliminate experimental error.We do however agree with the increasing evidence that estimation of red cell folate is a more reliable test of folate deficiency; unfortunately, this test could not be carried out as a routine at the onset of the trial.Finally, we certainly agree with Dr.Richens that case reports such as that of Chanarin et al.2 cannot be dismissed and that further work is required.Our con- clusions, we pointed out, are based on obser- vations of people whose epilepsy and related problems are of such severity to require residential treatment for varying periods of time.It seems important to carry out a prospective trial in new cases of epilepsy to determine whether folic acid administration will prevent some of the mental deterioration due to anticonvulsants.-Weare, etc.,
Treatment of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax during videothoracoscopy
Authors: JP Janssen, J van Mourik, M Cuesta Valentin, G Sutedja, K Gigengack, PE Postmus
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Thoracoscopy for spontaneous pneumothorax has been performed over the years by many pulmonologists. The aim of the procedure was merely diagnostic: the detection of blebs and bullae. Therapeutic modalities were restricted to chemical pleurodesis. The development of videothoracoscopy has made more complex interventions, such as bullectomy possible. A protocol for videothoracoscopic treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax, with all treatment modalities in one session, has been developed. All patients with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent videothoracoscopy under general anaesthesia with double lumen tube intubation. If no abnormalities were found on the visceral pleura, talc pleurodesis was performed. Small lesions, blebs or bullae < 2 cm, were coagulated prior to pleurodesis. In case of blebs or bullae > 2 cm, thoracoscopic resection with an EndoGIA stapling device was performed, followed by scarification, i.e. electrocoagulation, of the parietal pleura. In 43 patients, 44 procedures were performed. In 15 cases (34%) no blebs or bullae were found. In 6 cases (14%) only blebs < 2 cm were found. In 23 cases (52%) blebs and bullae > 2 cm were found. In 21 out of 44 cases (48%), talc pleurodesis was performed, and in 23 cases (52%) bullectomy was performed. No major complication occurred. The average hospital stay was 5.7 days after talc pleurodesis and 6.0 days after bullectomy. There were 2 recurrences (5%) after a follow-up of at least 18 months. In conclusion, the use of videothoracoscopy in spontaneous pneumothorax makes it possible to continue a diagnostic procedure as a therapeutic session.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
β-Arrestin-1 Mediates Nicotine-Induced Metastasis through E2F1 Target Genes That Modulate Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Smitha Pillai, Jose Trevino, Bhupendra Rawal, Sandeep Singh, Michelle Kovacs, Xueli Li, Michael Schell, Eric Haura, Gerold Bepler, Srikumar Chellappan
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 80% of all lung cancers. Nicotine, the major addictive component of tobacco smoke, can induce proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in NSCLC cell lines and promote metastasis of NSCLC in mice. Here, we demonstrate that the scaffolding protein β-arrestin-1 is necessary for nicotine-mediated induction of mesenchymal genes vimentin and fibronectin as well as EMT regulators ZEB1 and ZEB2. Nicotine induced changes in cell morphology and ablate tight junctions consistent with EMT; β-arrestin-1, but not β-arrestin-2, was required for these changes. β-Arrestin-1 promoted the expression of the mesenchymal genes, as well as ZEB1 and ZEB2, through the mediation of the E2F1 transcription factor; this required Src kinase activity. Stimulation of multiple NSCLC cell lines with nicotine led to enhanced recruitment of β-arrestin-1 and E2F1 on vimentin, fibronectin, and ZEB1 and ZEB2 promoters. Furthermore, there was significantly more β-arrestin-1 and E2F1 associated with these promoters in human NSCLC tumors, and β-arrestin-1 levels correlated with vimentin and fibronectin levels in human NSCLC samples. A549-luciferase cells lacking β-arrestin-1 showed a significantly reduced capacity for tumor growth and metastasis when orthotopically implanted into the lungs of SCID-beige mice. Taken together, these studies reveal a novel role for β-arrestin-1 in the growth and metastasis of NSCLC.
A NATURAL ANTIBODY THAT REACTS IN VITRO WITH A SEDIMENTABLE CONSTITUENT OF NORMAL TISSUE CELLS
Authors: John G. Kidd, William F. Friedewald
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

The foregoing experiments have shown that complement fixation takes place when the blood serum of normal adult rabbits is mixed with fresh saline extracts of normal rabbit tissues under controlled conditions. A natural antibody, which reacts in vitro with a sedimentable constituent of normal tissue cells, is responsible for the phenomenon.
Effect of pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamics and inspiratory pressures during natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES): An experimental, controlled study in an acute porcine model
Authors: S. von Delius, W. Huber, H. Feussner, D. Wilhelm, A. Karagianni, J. Henke, A. Preissel, A. Schneider, R. Schmid, A. Meining
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Physiologic reactions during natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) may differ from those at laparoscopy. This experimental study assessed the effect of pneumoperitoneum induced by endoscope air pump on hemodynamics and inspiratory pressures during transgastric peritoneoscopy.Transgastric peritoneoscopy was performed in 11 female pigs (35 - 50 kg) under general anesthesia. Five pigs with controlled insufflation and no endoscopic intervention served as controls. Cardiac index and global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI; reflecting preload) were measured every 3 minutes by transpulmonary thermodilution. We also recorded: intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI; reflecting afterload), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), and oxygenation.One study group pig was excluded from analysis because of a major complication related to the gastric incision. In the remaining 15 animals we performed 264 paired measurements. On-demand insufflation in the study group produced wide variation in intra-abdominal pressures; the control group demonstrated minimal fluctuation around a predetermined value. In the study group, IAP and PIP correlated well ( R = 0.667, P = 0.000), with maximum PIP values of 40 mbar contrasting with the control group maximum of 26.5 mbar. Hemodynamically, there was a minor decrease of cardiac index in the study group (in contrast to the control group). Relative changes in cardiac index and IAP during transgastric peritoneoscopy correlated highly significantly ( R = - 0.416, P = 0.000). Neither group showed hemodynamic instability or decline in oxygen saturation.On-demand insufflation with a standard endoscopic light source/insufflator resulted in a marked median increase and wide variation in IAP throughout transgastric peritoneoscopy. Hemodynamic changes were moderate. However, major increases in PIP suggest a need for stricter control of intra-abdominal hypertension during NOTES.
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis Due to Salmonella typhi-murium
Authors: J. de Swiet
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis Due to Salmonella typhi-muriumIn view of the rarity of subacute bacterial endocarditis due to Salmonella typhi-murium, the following case may be considered worthy of publication.CASE REPORT A single girl, aged 19, a bottler in a mineral-water factory, was admitted to hospital on June 1.There was no previous history of illness of any kind apart from some fits in infancy.The present illness had started seven weeks before with general weakness, occasional rigors, and epistaxis, and during the week preceding admission there had been unproductive cough and bouts of diarrhoea.On examination there were marked pallor, furred tongue, sordes on the teeth, prostration, and mental depression; temperature 103°F. (39.4°C.), pulse 112, respirations 40; throat clear; pupils and fundi normal; no neck rigidity or Kernig's sign; abdominal reflexes absent, but all deep reflexes present.A few scattered rhonchi were heard in the lungs.Examination showed no enlargement of the heart clinically, but there was a marked gallop rhythm and a blowing apical systolic murmur not conducted into the axilla and not accom- panied by a thrill.The abdomen was slightly distended and tumid on palpation, but the liver and spleen were not felt.B.P. 120/80.A chest radiograph on admission was clear.Her white cells numbered 13,800 (80% polymorphs) and red cells 4,510,000 per c.mm.; Hb 81%.Blood was sent for culture and agglutination, and specimens of stool and urine for culture.Her condition remained serious and her temperature con- tinued without intermission as in the accompanying Chart; penicillin, 100,000 units three-hourly, was started on June 3 and 107 =-nNIC-LT 106 ~15000 5TREP1MYCIM
John Kenyon (“Titus”) Oates
Authors: David Rowen, Chris Sonnex
Journal: BMJ (2007)

John Kenyon (“Titus”) Oates was born in a Nottinghamshire mining village, educated at The Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Mansfield, and qualified in 1946 from The London Hospital Medical College, having spent some years in Cambridge with the transfer of the pre-clinical school out of London during the war years. He was conscripted into the Royal Air Force from 1947-9 where he served in Egypt as a medical officer.

He spent a year at The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore as a Fulbright scholar where he came under the influence of the noted venereologist, J Earle Moore. On his return to the UK he completed his training at the …
The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics
Authors: Thomas A. Faunce
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drifting off Course — Selecting Senior Residents — Students' Fears
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

THE National Health Service (NHS) celebrated its 30th anniversary on July 5 with an official government luncheon over which the Prime Minister presided.The Secretary of State for Social Services, Mr. David Ennals, had hoped to be able to mark the occasion with the publication of a joint statement about the past achievements of the service and its prospects for the future that had been agreed on not only by all the major medical and nursing organizations but also by the health-service trade unions. A vital part of this statement would have been a declaration of intent to outlaw industrial . . .
Stimulation of Bradykinin B <sub>1</sub> Receptors Induces Vasodilation in Conductance and Resistance Coronary Vessels in Conscious Dogs
Authors: Jin Bo Su, Rémi Hoüel, François Héloire, Fabrice Barbe, Fabrizio Beverelli, Lucien Sambin, Alain Castaigne, Alain Berdeaux, Bertrand Crozatier, Luc Hittinger
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Constitutive bradykinin B 1 receptors have been identified in dogs; however, their physiological implications involving the coronary circulation remain to be determined. This study examined, in conscious dogs, the coronary response to des-Arg 9 -bradykinin (a B 1 receptor agonist) and the mechanisms involved. Methods and Results —Eleven dogs were instrumented with a left ventricular micromanometer, a circumflex coronary catheter, a cuff occluder, a Doppler flow probe, and ultrasonic crystals to measure coronary blood flow velocity (CBFv) and coronary diameter (CD). Intracoronary des-Arg 9 -bradykinin (3 to 100 ng/kg) and bradykinin (0.1 to 10 ng/kg) did not modify systemic hemodynamics but dose-dependently increased CBFv and CD. Des-Arg 9 -bradykinin was less potent than bradykinin. Hoe 140 (a B 2 antagonist, 10 μg/kg) abolished the effects of bradykinin but did not influence the effects of des-Arg 9 -bradykinin. When CBFv increase was prevented by the cuff occluder, CD responses to bradykinin and des-Arg 9 -bradykinin were maintained. Intracoronary lisinopril (0.75 mg) increased the CD response to bradykinin, with only minimal effect on CBFv, and extended the duration of the effect. Lisinopril did not alter des-Arg 9 -bradykinin responses. Intracoronary N ω -nitro- l -arginine (2 mg/kg) decreased the CD effect of bradykinin and prevented the CBFv and CD effects of des-Arg 9 -bradykinin. The relaxing effect of des-Arg 9 -bradykinin on isolated coronary rings was prevented by des-Arg 9 ,[Leu 8 ]-bradykinin. Conclusions —In the conscious dog, B 1 receptors are present in coronary vessels, and their stimulation produces vasodilation in conductance and resistance vessels, which is mediated essentially by NO but not modulated by angiotensin-converting enzyme. However, the coronary vasodilation induced by B 1 receptor stimulation is not as great as that produced by B 2 receptor stimulation.
Parathyroid Adenoma Demonstrated with TI-201 SPECT
Authors: YUTAKA SUZUKI, KAZUKO HIRAMATSU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A case of parathyroid adenoma with suppressed Tc-99m pertechnetate uptake of the thyroid due to L-thyroxine replacement therapy for hypothyroidism is reported. This case demonstrates successful localization of a parathyroid adenoma in the retrothyroid space using TI-201 SPECT. When the thyroid uptake of Tc-99m pertechnetate is reduced for whatever reason, a planar TI-201 followed by SPECT may be more helpful than Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintigraphy.
ER stress in the brain subfornical organ mediates angiotensin-dependent hypertension
Authors: Colin N. Young, Xian Cao, Mallikarjuna R. Guruju, Joseph P. Pierce, Donald A. Morgan, Gang Wang, Costantino Iadecola, Allyn L. Mark, Robin L. Davisson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Although endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a pathologic mechanism in a variety of chronic diseases, it is unclear what role it plays in chronic hypertension (HTN). Dysregulation of brain mechanisms controlling arterial pressure is strongly implicated in HTN, particularly in models involving angiotensin II (Ang II). We tested the hypothesis that ER stress in the brain is causally linked to Ang II–dependent HTN. Chronic systemic infusion of low-dose Ang II in C57BL/6 mice induced slowly developing HTN, which was abolished by co-infusion of the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) into the lateral cerebroventricle. Investigations of the brain regions involved revealed robust increases in ER stress biomarkers and profound ER morphological abnormalities in the circumventricular subfornical organ (SFO), a region outside the blood-brain barrier and replete with Ang II receptors. Ang II–induced HTN could be prevented in this model by selective genetic supplementation of the ER chaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in the SFO. These data demonstrate that Ang II–dependent HTN is mediated by ER stress in the brain, particularly the SFO. To our knowledge, this is the first report that ER stress, notably brain ER stress, plays a key role in chronic HTN. Taken together, these findings may have broad implications for the pathophysiology of this disease.
Glycation of a food allergen by the Maillard reaction enhances its T-cell immunogenicity: Role of macrophage scavenger receptor class A type I and II
Authors: Anne Ilchmann, Sven Burgdorf, Stephan Scheurer, Zoe Waibler, Ryoji Nagai, Anne Wellner, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Thomas Henle, Christian Kurts, Ulrich Kalinke, Stefan Vieths, Masako Toda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)