tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitin COOH-Terminal Hydrolase 1: A Biomarker of Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated with Enhanced Tumor Cell Proliferation and Migration[?Q1: Running head: UCHL1, a Biomarker of RCC. Short title OK?Q1]
Authors: Barbara Seliger, Alla Fedorushchenko, Walburgis Brenner, Angelika Ackermann, Derek Atkins, Samir Hanash, Rudolf Lichtenfels
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2% to 3% of all malignancies. It represents one of the most radiation- and chemotherapy-resistant tumors and surgical resections are only effective in organ-defined disease. However, RCC is an immunogenic tumor with response rates to immunotherapies between 10% and 20% of the treated patients. Due to the currently inefficient therapies and the low 5-year survival rates of RCC patients, novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers are urgently needed for this disease.Proteome-based approaches were used to identify (a) differentially expressed proteins in RCC compared with normal kidney epithelium and (b) proteins that are able to induce an antibody response in RCC patients. Based on these experiments, a promising candidate was subsequently validated by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blot analyses, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, functional assays were done in generated transfectants.The ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) was found to be differentially expressed in both RCC lesions and RCC cell lines and immunoreactive using patients' sera. UCHL1 expression was often down-regulated in primary RCC when compared with normal kidney epithelium but dependent on the RCC subtype, the von Hippel-Lindau phenotype, and the tumor grading. Moreover, the frequency and the level of UCHL1 expression were higher in metastases when compared with primary RCC lesions. Gain-of-function transfectants exhibited a significant higher proliferation and migration rate than UCHL1-negative RCC cells.UCHL1 expression seems to be associated with the metastatic phenotype of RCC and therefore might serve as potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of RCC patients.
Listen to the needs of existing healthcare workers
Authors: C. Connolly
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I agree with Pakenham-Walsh’s call for a fifth statement.1 The SEISMIC basic needs he refers to (skills, equipment, information, structural support, medicines, incentives, and communication facilities) underpin the other four statements.

Access to essential drugs and equipment would boost morale for our colleagues in developing countries, many of …
Low-Dose Estradiol and the Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Venlafaxine for Vasomotor Symptoms
Authors: Hadine Joffe, Katherine A. Guthrie, Andrea Z. LaCroix, Susan D. Reed, Kristine E. Ensrud, JoAnn E. Manson, Katherine M. Newton, Ellen W. Freeman, Garnet L. Anderson, Joseph C. Larson, Julie Hunt, Jan Shifren, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Bette Caan, Barbara Sternfeld, Janet S. Carpenter, Lee Cohen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Estrogen therapy is the gold standard treatment for hot flashes and night sweats, but some women are unable or unwilling to use it because of associated risks. The serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine hydrochloride is used widely as a nonhormonal treatment. While the clinical impression is that serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are less effective than estrogen, these medications have not been simultaneously evaluated in one clinical trial to date.To determine the efficacy and tolerability of low-dose oral 17β-estradiol and low-dose venlafaxine extended release in alleviating vasomotor symptoms (VMS).In total, 339 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with at least 2 bothersome VMS per day (mean, 8.1 per day) were recruited from the community to MsFLASH (Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health) clinical network sites between December 5, 2011, and October 15, 2012.Participants were randomized to double-blind treatment with low-dose oral 17β-estradiol (0.5 mg/d) (n = 97), low-dose venlafaxine hydrochloride extended release (75 mg/d) (n = 96), or placebo (n = 146) for 8 weeks.The primary outcome was the mean daily frequency of VMS after 8 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes were VMS severity, bother, and interference with daily life. Intent-to-treat analyses compared the change in VMS frequency between each active intervention and placebo and between the 2 active treatments.Compared with baseline, the mean VMS frequency at week 8 decreased to 3.9 (95% CI, 2.9-4.9) VMS per day (52.9% reduction) in the estradiol group, to 4.4 (95% CI, 3.5-5.3) VMS per day (47.6% reduction) in the venlafaxine group, and to 5.5 (95% CI, 4.7-6.3) VMS per day (28.6% reduction) in the placebo group. Estradiol reduced the frequency of symptoms by 2.3 more per day than placebo (P < .001), and venlafaxine reduced the frequency of symptoms by 1.8 more per day than placebo (P = .005). The results were consistent for VMS severity, bother, and interference. Low-dose estradiol reduced the frequency of symptoms by 0.6 more per day than venlafaxine (P = .09). Treatment satisfaction was highest (70.3%) for estradiol (P < .001 vs placebo), lowest (38.4%) for placebo, and intermediate (51.1%) for venlafaxine (P = .06 vs placebo). Both interventions were well tolerated.Low-dose oral estradiol and venlafaxine are effective treatments for VMS in women during midlife. While the efficacy of low-dose estradiol may be slightly superior to that of venlafaxine, the difference is small and of uncertain clinical relevance.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01418209.
Development of Emergency Services in Costa Rica
Authors: David Doezema
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Emergency medicine programs, which have developed in the United States since the 1970s, have opportunities to share their content and growth process with the developing world where technological change has encouraged an interest in emergency medicine.<sup>1</sup>Costa Rica has intensive care units capable of sustaining critically ill and injured patients but lacks an adequate emergency medical services (EMS) system to resuscitate and stabilize such patients before entry into intensive care units. From July 1989 to July 1990, the Division of Emergency Medicine at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, collaborated with the Costa Rican government and Project Hope (The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc) to provide educational and technical assistance in developing an EMS system. Our experience highlights some of the benefits and pitfalls of such a collaboration. <h3>Description of Costa Rican Health Care System</h3> Situated between Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south, Costa
Mediation of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on titanium surfaces by a Wnt-integrin feedback loop
Authors: Rene Olivares-Navarrete, Sharon L. Hyzy, Jung Hwa Park, Ginger R. Dunn, David A. Haithcock, Christine E. Wasilewski, Barbara D. Boyan, Zvi Schwartz
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Drug Abuse in The Western World
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  The entire Western world is experiencing a major epidemic of drug abuse. Drug abuse is best defined as the use of drugs in a manner which may be calculated to produce harm. This definition purposefully excludes any elements of basic law or medical practice. In all of recorded history, there always has been drug abuse and a hard core of drug abusers. There is no reason to believe that this will not always be true.  The reasons for the current epidemic include the following: (1) The number of drugs and their availability has increased. Improved means of transportation, communication, supply, and purchasing power are compounded by the increased variety of drugs synthesized by modern chemistry laboratories. (2) Our society includes the largest number of anxious, lonely, bored, and purposeless people ever. These settings, with lack of goal commitment, often precede drug abuse. (3) The pious pushers of
Characterization of the Attachment Mechanisms of Tissue‐Derived Cell Lines to Blood‐Compatible Polymers
Authors: Takashi Hoshiba, Mayo Nikaido, Masaru Tanaka
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Recent advances in biomedical engineering require the development of new types of blood-compatible polymers that also allow non-blood cell attachment for the isolation of stem cells and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood and for the development of artificial organs for use under blood-contact conditions. Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) and poly(tetrafurfuryl acrylate) (PTHFA) were previously identified as blood-compatible polymers. Here, it is demonstrated that cancer cells can attach to the PMEA and PTHFA substrates, and the differences in the attachment mechanisms to the PMEA and PTHFA substrates between cancer cells and platelets are investigated. It is also found that the adsorption-induced deformation of fibrinogen, which is required for the attachment and activation of platelets, does not occur on the PMEA and PTHFA substrates. In contrast, fibronectin is deformed on the PMEA and PTHFA substrates. Therefore, it is concluded that cancer cells and not platelets can attach to the PMEA and PTHFA substrates based on this protein-deformation difference between these substrates. Moreover, it is observed that cancer cells attach to the PMEA substrate via both integrin-dependent and -independent mechanisms and attach to the PTHFA substrate only through an integrin-dependent mechanism. It is expected that PMEA and PTHFA will prove useful for blood-contact biomedical applications.
From tadpole tails to transgenic mice: Metalloproteinases have brought about a metamorphosis in our understanding of cardiovascular disease
Authors: A NEWBY, M PAUSCHINGER, F SPINALE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Thirty years ago, most biochemical and molecular science concerned what went on inside cells. Hence, release of enzymes into the extracellular space was seen as important only for specialised functions, such as digestion of nutrients or in blood clotting, events that took place outside solid tissues. Moreover, the discovery of ecto-enzymes–enzymes with their active sites pointing to the extracellular space–was viewed first with scepticism and then largely as a curiosity. Appreciating the full importance of pericellular metabolism for embryogenesis, morphogenesis and cellular regulation needed a revolution in thinking catalysed in significant part by the seminal discovery that resorption of the tadpole tail during metamorphosis depended on the production of a collagenase [1]. This enzyme we now designate matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) in recognition that it was the first secreted member of a family of enzymes that requires a Zn2+ ion at the active site. Later on, the first ecto-MMP (membrane type-1 MMP, MMP-14) was discovered [2]. Nagase et al. [3] overview the more than 20 secreted and at least 6 membrane-type MMPs, many of which are present in the cardiovascular system. Their substrates include the major structural matrix components, collagens, elastin, proteoglycan core proteins and glycoproteins, as well as many non-matrix … 

*Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 1179283582; fax: +44 1179283581. Email address: a.newby{at}bris.ac.uk
Pressure, velocity, and pulse wave propagation proximal and distal to a modeled adequately repaired coarctation of the aorta
Authors: Monica T. Young, Xiaokui Li, Sebastian T. Schindera, George D. Giraud, Huilang Wang, Grant H. Burch, Laura M. Nugent, Adrienne L. Binder, Muhammad Ashraf, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy During 17 Years of a Population-Based Screening Program in England. Diabetes Care 2012;35:592–596
Authors: Colin D. Jones, Richard H. Greenwood, Aseema Misra, Max O. Bachmann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

In the print version of the article listed above, in the results section of the abstract, the sentence“Among those with nonproliferative (background) retinopathy at baseline, after 1 year 23% developed preproliferative retinopathy, 5.2% developed maculopathy, and 6.1% …
Colon Cancer Mutation: Prognosis/Prediction–Letter
Authors: Aziz Zaanan, Franck Bonnetain, Franck A. Sinicrope, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Julien Taïeb
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

We read with great interest the recent study by Gavin and colleagues ([1][1]), who evaluated the prognostic and predictive value of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status for oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II and III colon cancer from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast
Ireland might relax fluoride rules
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Republic of Ireland is to consider relaxing laws that require the fluoridation of all drinking water amid mounting controversy over the alleged health risks of the practice.

Michael Martin, the Irish health minister, has appointed a committee of environmental and health specialists to examine the evidence on fluoridation and advise on any need for new legislation.

Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland banned water fluoridation during the 1970s and 1980s because not enough was known about the long term health effects. In 1975, Germany rejected the practice as “foreign to nature, unnecessary, inefficient, irresponsible and harmful to the environment.” A year later, the Dutch rewrote their constitution to …
Low Birth Weight in Babies Born to Mothers With Sickle Cell Trait
Authors: Sanford Brown
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Fetuses of mothers with and without sickle cell trait were compared in a study based on hospital records. It was found that the weight of babies born to mothers with sickle cell trait was significantly different from the weight of babies born to a comparable group of mothers with normal hemoglobin. A comparison of prematurity between the two groups on their most recent pregnancies fell short of being significant at the P
Hypoxia-Induced Inhibition of Adenosine Kinase Potentiates Cardiac Adenosine Release
Authors: Ulrich K. M. Decking, Georg Schlieper, Keith Kroll, Jürgen Schrader
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract To elucidate the physiological role of the AMP-adenosine metabolic cycle and to investigate the relation between AMP and adenosine formation, the O 2 supply of isolated guinea pig hearts was varied (95% to 10% O 2 ). The net adenosine formation rate (AMP→adenosine) and coronary venous effluent adenosine release rate were measured; free cytosolic AMP was determined by 31 P-nuclear magnetic resonance. Switching from 95% to 40% O 2 increased free AMP and adenosine formation 4-fold, whereas free cytosolic adenosine and venous adenosine release rose 15- to 20-fold. In the AMP range from 200 to 3000 nmol/L, there was a linear correlation between free AMP and adenosine formation ( R 2 =.71); however, adenosine release increased several-fold more than formation. At 95% O 2 , only 6% of the adenosine formed was released; however, this fraction increased to 22% at 40% O 2 , demonstrating reduced adenosine salvage. Selective blockade of adenosine deaminase and adenosine kinase indicated that flux through adenosine kinase decreased from 85% to 35% of adenosine formation in hypoxia. Mathematical model analysis indicated that this apparent decrease in enzyme activity was not due to saturation but to the inhibition of adenosine kinase activity to 6% of the basal levels. The data show (1) that adenosine formation is proportional to the AMP substrate concentration and (2) that hypoxia decreases adenosine kinase activity, thereby shunting myocardial adenosine from the salvage pathway to venous release. In conclusion, because of the normal high turnover of the AMP-adenosine metabolic cycle, hypoxia-induced inhibition of adenosine kinase causes the amplification of small changes in free AMP into a major rise in adenosine. This mechanism plays an important role in the high sensitivity of the cardiac adenosine system to impaired oxygenation.
Establishment of a new cell line from a woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shin Ohnishi, Hiromu Aoyama, Junji Shiga, Yuji Itai, Takashi Moriyama, Takashi Ishikawa, Nobuo Sasaki, Koshi Yamamoto, Kaoru Koshimizu, Shuichi Kaneko, Seishi Murakami, Nobu Hattori, Michio Imawari
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

A new cell line derived from a woodchuck hepatitis surface antigen-positive woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma has been established and named T3-HEP-W1. This new cell line was established directly from a primary woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma. Adaptation of the cells to the in vitro culture condition was completed after 3 months, with the doubling time of 24 hr. The morphologic features of the cell by light microscopy were of an epithelial type. The modal chromosome number was 100. Ornithine and tyrosine aminotransferase activities were detected. Production of albumin was negative. Integration of woodchuck hepatitis virus DNA was demonstrated by Southern blot analysis, although the secretion of woodchuck hepatitis surface antigen was not detected. T3-HEP-W1 is quite different from the previously reported WH257GE10 cell line and provides another in vitro model for the study of human hepatocellular carcinoma related to hepatitis B virus.
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT DISCHARGE AFTER A SINGLE TROPONIN AND NORMAL 320-SLICE CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAM: A UNIQUE MODEL FOR CHEST PAIN EVALUATION
Authors: Arthur Nasis, Ian T. Meredith, Nitesh Nerlekar, James D. Cameron, Paul R. Antonis, Philip M. Mottram, Sujith K. Seneviratne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Predicting the outcome of the CaNa2EDTA challenge test in children with moderately elevated blood lead levels.
Authors: J R Campbell, S J Schaffer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests the challenge test for children whose blood lead levels are 1.21-2.12 micromol/L (25-44 microg/dL). However, the challenge test is difficult to perform. By identifying children who are likely to have a negative challenge test, a medical provider can minimize the number of children undergoing this test. The goal of this study was to identify common tests that are likely to predict the outcome of the challenge test. It was conducted as a clinical descriptive study from a series of patients who underwent a CaNa2EDTA challenge test. Results from 178 challenge tests were eligible for analysis. The mean age of children undergoing the challenge test was 38.2 months, and the mean blood lead level was 1.83 micromol/L (38 microg/dL). Blood lead level, age, erythrocyte protoporphyrin level, and RATE (a measure of the rate of change of the blood lead level) were either not sensitive or not specific in predicting the outcome of a challenge test. However, based on a logistic regression model using blood lead level, age, and RATE, we determined criteria that would have identified all children who would have had a positive challenge test while excluding most children who would have had a negative challenge test. Based on this model, we recommend that the challenge test be conducted on children &gt;=36 months of age who have a blood lead level between 1.45 and 1.64 micromol/L (30-34 microg/dL) and on children who have a blood lead level 1.69-2.12 micromol/L (35-44 microg/dL) regardless of age. This approach would have tested all children who subsequently would have had a positive challenge test while testing only 39% of children who would have had a negative challenge test.
A long-term virological follow up in patients treated with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for hepatitis delta virus (HDV)
Authors: A. Ciancio, A. Ottobrelli, A. Marzano, A. Olivero, M.Torrani Cerenzia, A. Smedile, M. Salizzoni, M. Rizzetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Lack of Expression of Galectin-3 Is Associated With a Poor Outcome in Node-Negative Patients With Laryngeal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mauro Piantelli, Stefano Iacobelli, Giovanni Almadori, Manuela Iezzi, Nicola Tinari, Clara Natoli, Gabriella Cadoni, Libero Lauriola, Franco O. Ranelletti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic carbohydrate-binding protein participating in a variety of normal and pathologic processes, including cancer progression. This study was aimed at evaluating the prognostic value of galectin-3 expression in node-negative laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC).Galectin-3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using M3/38 monoclonal antibody, in a single-institution series of 73 node-negative laryngeal SCC patients (median follow-up, 52 months; range, 2 to 90 months).Forty-two (57.5%) of 73 patients expressed galectin-3. Galectin-3 expression was positively associated with tumor keratinization and histologic grade. A significant correlation was found between galectin-3 tumor positivity and longer relapse-free and overall survival. In univariate analysis, high-grade (grade 3 or 4) tumors, nonkeratinizing tumors, and galectin-3-negative tumors showed a significantly increased risk of relapse and death. In multivariate analysis, only galectin-3 expression retained an independent prognostic significance for both relapse-free and overall survival.We conclude that the absence of galectin-3 expression is an independent negative prognostic marker in laryngeal SCC patients. Thus, histochemical detection of galectin-3 in these tumors could be useful for the selection of node-negative patients with potentially unfavorable outcomes, to establish adjuvant therapy protocols.
Remarks ON DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIAE
Authors: A. Keith
Journal: BMJ (1910)

IF one may judge from current medioal literature, the passage of viscera from the abdomen to the thorax through a defect in the diaphragm is not an uncommon form ~of hernia.Dr. J. W. Ballantyne found records of 100 cases published between 1888 and 1900; an excellent article on 63 cases was published by Mr. Lawford Knaggs in 1903; in the same year M. Paillard was able to give references to 481 described cases.In spite of the extensive literature, the .acauseand significance of the defects of the diaphragm which render such hernia possible are ill understood-a natural
Comparison between TaqMan and LightCycler technologies for quantification of minimal residual disease by using immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes consensus probes
Authors: C Eckert, C A Scrideli, T Taube, S Songia, S Wellmann, M Manenti, K Seeger, A Biondi, G Cazzaniga
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
The Academic Viability of Family Medicine
Authors: Edmund D. Pellegrino
Journal: JAMA (1978)

EVERY innovation in medical education must ultimately prove itself academically; that is, it must define and demonstrate clearly what it can contribute uniquely to teaching, the care of patients, and the work of colleagues. Family medicine, which has been established largely through forces external to academia, has yet to meet these sterner tests of longterm survival. The question for the decade immediately ahead is whether it can sustain its claim as an integral element in medical education. The record of innovations engrafted on the body of medical education is not encouraging. Rehabilitative medicine, community medicine, behavioral sciences, interdisciplinary teaching, three-year curricula—all enjoyed an initial vogue. After begrudging acceptance, they have, to various degrees, gradually been buffered, absorbed, curtailed, or rejected. All face a dubious future in the current conservative climate of medical schools. Like other innovations, academic family medicine arises from a perceived social need. But it cannot meet that