tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RECENT PROGRESS IN THE FORMULATION OF VEHICLES FOR TOPICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: J. W. Hadgeaft
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article RECENT PROGRESS IN THE FORMULATION OF VEHICLES FOR TOPICAL APPLICATIONS Get access J. W. Hadgeaft J. W. Hadgeaft Pharmaceutical Department, Royal Free Hospital, London W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 4, 1 October 1972, Pages 386–389, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07428.x Published: 01 October 1972
P52. A new pathway of tumour antigen loading of human dendritic cells via intercellular communication
Authors: G Penna, M Ciranna, F Saccheri, L Morelli, C Pozzi, M Rescigno
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Most cancer cells down-regulate gap junctions (GJ) resulting in loss of communication with their surrounding microenvironment. We have previously shown that infection of mouse tumour cell lines with Salmonella induces the up-regulation of connexin 43 (Cx43), a ubiquitous protein
Hemochromatosis genotypes and risk of 31 disease endpoints: Meta-analyses including 66,000 cases and 226,000 controls
Authors: Christina Ellervik, Henrik Birgens, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Bφrge G. Nordestgaard
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract Hemochromatosis genotypes have been associated with liver disease, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, arthritis, porphyria cutanea tarda, stroke, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and venous disease. We performed meta-analyses including 202 studies with 66,263 cases and 226,515 controls to examine associations between hemochromatosis genotypes C282Y/C282Y, C282Y/H63D, C282Y/wild type, H63D/H63D, and H63D/wild type versus wild type/wild type and 9 overall endpoints and 22 endpoint subgroups. We also explored potential sources of heterogeneity. For liver disease, the odds ratio for C282Y/C282Y versus wild type/wild type was 3.9 (99% confidence interval: 1.9–8.1) overall, 11 (3.7–34) for hepatocellular carcinoma, 4.1 (1.2–14) for hepatitis C, and 10 (2.1–53) for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. For porphyria cutanea tarda, the odds ratios were 48 (24–95) for C282Y/C282Y, 8.1 (3.9–17) for C282Y/H63D, 3.6 (1.8–7.3) for C282Y/wild type, 3.0 (1.6–5.6) for H63D/H63D, and 1.7 (1.0–3.1) for H63D/wild type versus wild type/wild type. Finally, for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the odds ratio was 3.9 (1.2–13) for H63D/H63D versus wild type/wild type. These findings were consistent across individual studies. The hemochromatosis genotypes were not associated with risk for diabetes mellitus, heart disease, arthritis, stroke, cancer, or venous disease in the overall analyses; however, the odds ratio for C282Y/C282Y versus wild type/wild type was 3.4 (1.1–11) for diabetes mellitus among North Europeans. Conclusion: In aggregate, clinically ascertained cases who are homozygous for the C282Y mutation are associated with a 4–11–fold risk of liver disease, whereas all 5 hemochromatosis genotypes are associated with a 2–48–fold risk of porphyria cutanea tarda, and H63D/H63D is associated with a 4-fold risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These results, mainly from case-control studies, cannot necessarily be extrapolated to the general population. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Intercostal arteriovenous fistula due to pleural biopsy.
Authors: J B Howell
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Although we agree with most of the review, we would disagree with their comments on hypoxaemia.They state that absence ofhypoxaemia in vocal cord dysfunction helps to differentiate this condition from acute asthma.We have seen two cases ourselves' where hypoxaemia is a feature of vocal cord dysfunction.In one case the hypoxaemia (arterial oxygen tension Pao2) 79 mm Hg with 100%
Systemic sclerosis-like lesions during long-term penicillamine therapy for Wilson's disease
Authors: S. MIYAGAWA, A. YOSHIOKA, M. HATOKO, T. OKUCHI, K. SAKAMOTO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Systemic sclerosis‐like lesions during long‐term penicillamine therapy for Wilson's disease Get access S. MIYAGAWA, S. MIYAGAWA Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Japan Sachiko Miyagawa, M.D., Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. YOSHIOKA, A. YOSHIOKA Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. HATOKO, M. HATOKO Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. OKUCHI, T. OKUCHI Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. SAKAMOTO K. SAKAMOTO Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 1, 1 January 1987, Pages 95–100, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05795.x Published: 01 January 1987
Some famous general practitioners and other medical historical essays.
Authors: William B. Bean
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Sir Zachary Cope, a distinguished British surgeon, has collected together a number of essays and speeches mainly of biographical and historical interest, remarkable for the casual student of medical history in their emphasis on a number of neglected personalities, particularly those lesser lights, doctors not in large academic, scientific, government, or military positions who have made substantial contributions to the corpus of medical tradition, science, and particularly to the medical arts. Take, for an example, the delightful essay on literary surgeons. We find the tales of travels and voyages in the diverse places described by Ambroise Pare; the literary contributions of Napoleon's ubiquitous and extraordinarily capable surgeon, Baron Larrey, who was a writer of great literary skill; James Hinton and his philosophic dissections of the nature of life and the mystery of pain which went far beyond the ordinary surgeon's usual strict clinical consideration of such problems. Then we find
Variability among studies should be investigated
Authors: A Perry, R Persaud
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The alleged roles of passive smoldng in causing lung cancer and excess salt in causing hypertension have been endorsed by many medical bodies, incorporated into public policy, and presented to the -public as scientific facts that should be acted on.It is a revealing commentary on the intellectual status of public health epidemiology that the statistical fiction on which this and similar mis- leading advice is derived should have gone un- challenged for so long.
Fixed dosing and pharmacokinetics of S-1 in Japanese cancer patients with large body surface areas
Authors: K. Fujita, W. Ichikawa, W. Yamamoto, H. Endo, F. Nagashima, R. Tanaka, T. Miya, K. Araki, K. Kodama, Y. Sunakawa, M. Narabayashi, K. Miwa, Y. Ando, Y. Akiyama, K. Kawara, Y. Sasaki
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Seeds of Destruction: The Science Report on Cancer Research
Authors: PhilipC. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

By deciding not to spare the reader either the details and ambiguities of science, or the rigorous logic, the authors have written an excellent general book about cancer. Physicians and other medical personnel will find an accurate summary of relevant research, and informed laypersons, especially politicians or patients, will find that the principal issues are explained well. Statistics, chemical formulas, electron micrographs, metabolic diagrams, and complex graphs are used often, removing any criticism that the authors have oversimplified the subject. In four sections, titled "Etiology," "Biochemistry," "Therapy," and "Specific Cancers," the authors succeed admirably in explaining cancer research and some implications of this work. The book is not a personal diary of a journalist's struggle to understand cancer, nor a compilation of old newspaper articles, nor a series of hasty interviews with the elder scientists. The exposition is logical, sophisticated, and economical. Excessive historical detail is avoided, and the present-day
Rb Loss Is Characteristic of Prostatic Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Authors: Hsueh-Li Tan, Akshay Sood, Hameed A. Rahimi, Wenle Wang, Nilesh Gupta, Jessica Hicks, Stacy Mosier, Christopher D. Gocke, Jonathan I. Epstein, George J. Netto, Wennuan Liu, William B. Isaacs, Angelo M. De Marzo, Tamara L. Lotan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate is likely to become increasingly common with recent advances in pharmacologic androgen suppression. Thus, developing molecular markers of small cell differentiation in prostate cancer will be important to guide the diagnosis and therapy of this aggressive tumor. Experimental Design: We examined the status of RB1, TP53, and PTEN in prostatic small cell and acinar carcinomas via immunohistochemistry (IHC), copy-number alteration analysis, and sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. Results: We found retinoblastoma (Rb) protein loss in 90% of small cell carcinoma cases (26 of 29) with RB1 allelic loss in 85% of cases (11 of 13). Of acinar tumors occurring concurrently with prostatic small cell carcinoma, 43% (3 of 7) showed Rb protein loss. In contrast, only 7% of primary high-grade acinar carcinomas (10 of 150), 11% of primary acinar carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation (4 of 35), and 15% of metastatic castrate-resistant acinar carcinomas (2 of 13) showed Rb protein loss. Loss of PTEN protein was seen in 63% of small cell carcinomas (17 of 27), with 38% (5 of 13) showing allelic loss. By IHC, accumulation of p53 was observed in 56% of small cell carcinomas (14 of 25), with 60% of cases (6 of 10) showing TP53 mutation. Conclusions: Loss of RB1 by deletion is a common event in prostatic small cell carcinoma and can be detected by a validated IHC assay. As Rb protein loss rarely occurs in high-grade acinar tumors, these data suggest that Rb loss is a critical event in the development of small cell carcinomas and may be a useful diagnostic and potential therapeutic target. Clin Cancer Res; 20(4); 890–903. ©2013 AACR.
A multicentre, double-blind study comparing placebo, ondansetron and ondansetron plus dexamethasone for the control of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis
Authors: I. Olver, W. Paska, A. Depierre, J.-F. Seitz, D.J. Stewart, L. Goedhals, B. McQuade, J. McRae, J.R. Wilkinson
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)
Interleukin 4 protects chronic lymphocytic leukemic B cells from death by apoptosis and upregulates Bcl-2 expression.
Authors: M Dancescu, M Rubio-Trujillo, G Biron, D Bron, G Delespesse, M Sarfati
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of slow-dividing and long-lived monoclonal B cells arrested at the intermediate stage of their differentiation. We previously showed that interleukin 4 (IL-4) not only inhibits but also prevents the proliferation of B-CLL cells. We report here that IL-4 protects the B-CLL cells from death by apoptosis (programmed cell death [PCD]). IL-4 inhibits spontaneous and hydrocortisone (HC)-induced PCD of highly purified B cells from 12 unselected CLL patients, as shown by sustained cell viability and lack of DNA fragmentation. IL-1, -2, -3, -5, -6, -7, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and transforming growth factor beta have no protective effect. The in vitro rescue from apoptosis by IL-4 is reflected by an increased expression of Bcl-2 protein, a proto-oncogene directly involved in the prolongation of cell survival in vivo and in vitro. Hence, IL-4-treated B-CLL cells express significantly more Bcl-2 than unstimulated, HC-treated, or fresh B-CLL cells. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of IL-4 into one CLL patient enhances Bcl-2 protein expression in the leukemic B cells. These data may suggest that IL-4 prevents apoptosis of B-CLL cells using a Bcl-2-dependent pathway. Given our recent observations that fresh T cells from B-CLL patients express IL-4 mRNA, we propose that IL-4 has an essential role in the pathogenesis of CLL disease, by preventing both the death and the proliferation of the malignant B cells.
Effects of interleukin-5 on acute myeloid leukemias
Authors: Michael A. Baumann, Cassandra C. Paul, Michael J. Grace
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Because of the known activity of interleukin-5 (IL-5) as a growth factor for human eosinophils, we performed studies to ascertain whether M4Eo acute leukemia cells might be capable of responding to IL-5. Surprisingly, short term incubation of freshly isolated M4Eo blasts with rhIL-5 induced differentiation of the cells to macrophages. To determine whether other variants of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) might also be capable of responding to IL-5, we studied cells from four additional unselected cases and found that one responded to IL-5 by vigorous proliferation. Using biotinylated rhIL-5, second labelling with streptavidin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and flow cytometric analysis, specific binding of IL-5 to both responsive leukemias was demonstrated, suggesting the presence of specific IL-5 receptors. Additional study will be needed to assess the frequency of IL-5 responsiveness in AML and to determine the relationship of these phenomena to the physiologic role of IL-5 in the regulation of hematopoiesis.
A dual role for Hdac1: oncosuppressor in tumorigenesis, oncogene in tumor maintenance
Authors: Fabio Santoro, Oronza A. Botrugno, Roberto Dal Zuffo, Isabella Pallavicini, Geoffrey M. Matthews, Leonie Cluse, Iros Barozzi, Silvia Senese, Lorenzo Fornasari, Simona Moretti, Lucia Altucci, Pier Giuseppe Pelicci, Susanna Chiocca, Ricky W. Johnstone, Saverio Minucci
Journal: Blood (2013)
Use and Interpretation of Diagnostic Immunologic Laboratory Tests
Authors: Richard D. deShazo
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>ANTIBODIES AND IMMUNOGLOBULINS</h3><h3>Antibodies—The Secreted Products of Plasma Cells</h3> ANTIBODIES are synthesized and secreted primarily by plasma cells, the progeny of B lymphocytes. Since many different clones of cells participate in the immune responses to a single antigen, antibodies are heterogeneous with respect to their structure and function. However, proteins carrying antibody activity, all of which migrate electrophoretically as γ-globulins, belong to different immunoglobulin classes (ie, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE). All immunoglobulins are composed of two polypeptide chains of different molecular size, the light and heavy chains. A monomeric immunoglobulin molecule consists of two heavy and two light chains. These polypeptide chains are arranged in the shape of a<i>Y</i>. The arms of the<i>Y</i>are composed of the aminoterminal halves of the heavy chain and the entire light chain, while the carboxy-terminal halves of the two heavy chains constitute the stem. The arms and the stem are
A SIMPLE METHOD OF ATTACHING THE CALVARIUM AFTER POSTMORTEM.
Authors: H. A. SIFTON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Every one who has done any number of autopsies has been annoyed by the displacement of the skull cap after the work is finished. To remedy this a number of methods have been devised to retain it in place, such as cutting the bone at an angle, sewing the temporal fascia, but none, so far as I know, has proven satisfactory. This led me to devise the following: Just before ready to remove the calvarium, mark the skull with the saw on each side at right angles to the circular incision. When ready to replace the skull cap incise it to the depth of half an inch at the point marked, then incise the skull (on the proximal side) at the point marked to the same depth. When the calvarium is replaced this makes a slit the width of the saw half on each side of the circular incision. Now
US study shows wide variation in approach to ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Some women in the United States with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are under-treated, not receiving recommended radiation even when they have risk factors indicating its use, and others are over-treated with mastectomy and axillary dissection. Treatment depends on where women live, reported a study published last week.

The study used data from the US National Cancer Institute's surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database (SEER) to review the treatment of 25 206 patients with DCIS, a pre-cancerous growth, from 1992 to 1999 at 11 different sites. Results showed that where a woman lived was a significant predictor of the use of breast conserving therapy, radiotherapy after surgery, and axillary dissection (P<0.001). …
Treatment of xanthoma disseminatum with cyclophosphamide
Authors: E.D. Seaton, G.J. Pillai, A.C. Chu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Treatment of xanthoma disseminatum with cyclophosphamide Get access E.D. Seaton, E.D. Seaton Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K E.D.Seaton. E‐mail: edseaton@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.J. Pillai, G.J. Pillai Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.C. Chu A.C. Chu Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 150, Issue 2, 1 February 2004, Pages 346–349, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05772.x Published: 01 February 2004 Article history Accepted: 11 August 2003 Published: 01 February 2004
Synergism of thrombolytic agents in vivo.
Authors: D Collen, J M Stassen, D C Stump, M Verstraete
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The existence of significant synergism between tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA), and between t-PA and urokinase in thrombolysis in vivo is described. In a quantitative preparation of thrombolysis, consisting of rabbits in which a blood clot was induced in the jugular vein with 125I-labeled fibrin, intravenous infusion over 4 hr of t-PA, scu-PA, or urokinase in amounts of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg body weight resulted in significant thrombolysis (30% to 60%). The simultaneous infusion of t-PA and scu-PA or of t-PA and urokinase had a significantly greater (p less than .001) thrombolytic effect than could be anticipated on the basis of the added effects of each agents alone. However, no synergism was observed between scu-PA and urokinase. The observed alpha 2-antiplasmin consumption and fibrinogen breakdown after urokinase at higher doses did not occur with the equivalent thrombolytic combinations of t-PA and urokinase. The combined use of synergic thrombolytic agents in patients may permit a significant reduction in total administered doses, probably with elimination of the systemic activation of the fibrinolytic system and the concomitant fibrinogen breakdown that is unavoidable with the currently used thrombolytic doses of each agent.
In Vitro Flow Mapping of Regurgitant Jets
Authors: Benoit Diebold, Annie Delouche, Philippe Delouche, Jean-Paul Guglielmi, Philippe Dumee, Alain Herment
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Color Doppler and magnetic resonance imaging give pictures of abnormal jets within which the respective contribution of fluid mechanics and image artifacts are difficult to establish because of current technical limitations of these modalities. We conducted the present study to provide numerical descriptions of the velocity fields within regurgitant free jets. Methods and Results Laser Doppler measurements were collected in rigid models with pulsatile flow conditions, giving several series of two-dimensional flow images. The data were studied with the use of two-dimensional or M-mode flow images as well as regular plots. Numerical descriptions validated in steady flow conditions were tested at the various times of the cycle. In these free jets, the momentum was conserved throughout the cycle. The transverse velocity profiles were approximately similar. A central laminar core was found at peak ejection and during the deceleration. Its length ( l =4.08 d −0.036 mm, r =.99) and its diameter ( d ) were proportional to the orifice diameter. At peak ejection, the velocity decay was hyperbolic, and the transverse velocity profiles were clearly gaussian. The different relations that were tested could be combined in a single formula describing the velocity field: \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathit{V}(\mathit{x},\mathit{y},\mathit{t}_{\mathit{peak}}){=}\mathit{V}(0,0,\mathit{t}_{\mathit{peak}}){\cdot}4{\cdot}(\mathit{d}/\mathit{x}){\cdot}10^{{-}45(\mathit{y}/\mathit{x})^{2}}\ (\mathit{r}{=}.92).\) \end{document} Conclusions These in vitro measurements demonstrated the presence of a central laminar core and similar transverse velocity profiles in free turbulent jets. This allowed us to validate a series of numerical relations that can be combined to describe the velocity fields at peak ejection. On the other hand, further studies are needed to describe the various singularities often encountered in pathology.
The Recognition of the Nonclassical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I Molecule, T10, by the γδ T Cell, G8
Authors: Michael P. Crowley, Ziv Reich, Nasim Mavaddat, John D. Altman, Yueh-hsiu Chien
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Recent studies have shown that many nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (class 1b) molecules have distinct antigen-binding capabilities, including the binding of nonpeptide moieties and the binding of peptides that are different from those bound to classical MHC molecules. Here, we show that one of the H-2T region-encoded molecules, T10, when produced in Escherichia coli, can be folded in vitro with beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) to form a stable heterodimer in the absence of peptide or nonpeptide moieties. This heterodimer can be recognized by specific antibodies and is stimulatory to the gammadelta T cell clone, G8. Circular dichroism analysis indicates that T10/beta2m has structural features distinct from those of classical MHC class I molecules. These results suggest a new way for MHC-like molecules to adopt a peptide-free structure and to function in the immune system.
Continued use of hormonal pregnancy tests.
Authors: F Meire, F Vuylsteek, W Buylaert, M Bogaert
Journal: BMJ (1978)

SIR,-We agree about the term mercaptamine.It was imposed upon us by editorial policy in place of the more commonly used cysteamine.We have now adopted the method of Glynn and Kendal,' which measures "free" paracetamol.This method had not been described at the beginning of our study.The other methods