tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1002-78 The critical role of thrombospondin (TSP)-1 in limiting expansion of fibrosis in healing myocardial infarcts: Studies in dogs and TSP-1 -/- mice
Authors: Guofeng Ren, Oliver Dewald, Sophia Tincey, Anna Koerting, Pawel Zymek, Lloyd Michael, Mark Entman, Jack Lawler, Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
FDA censures NEJM editor
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The newly appointed editor of the New England Journal of Medicine has been criticised by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for overpraising a new asthma drug made by a company that hehad advised as a paid consultant.

Dr Jeffrey Drazen said his error had been an honest one and vowed he has learnt from it. “We were probably a little overzealous,” said Drazen, a prominent asthma researcher and chief of the pulmonary division at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, who is scheduled to take the helm ofthe medical journal in July. “In the future, we'll be more careful,” he said.

Drazen's statement comes after news reports that the FDA had last year issued a …
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Pituitary Growth Hormone Recipients in the United States
Authors: Judith E. Fradkin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To assess the magnitude of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) occurrence among recipients of pituitary-derived human growth hormone (HGH), we conducted an epidemiologic follow-up of 6284 recipients of HGH distributed through the National Hormone and Pituitary Program. Seven neuropathologically confirmed cases of CJD have occurred in this population to date: six patients with clinical CJD presented with ataxia and imbalance, rather than with altered mentation, which is the most common initial manifestation in sporadic CJD, and one patient died in the preclinical incubation state of the disease. All seven cases occurred among the nearly 700 HGH recipients who started therapy before 1970. Since only 10% of the cohort has been followed up for the 15-year average incubation interval from midpoint of HGH treatment to onset of symptoms, the great majority of potentially exposed patients have not yet attained the requisite incubation period for expression of CJD. The median duration of HGH therapy of 100 months in the CJD cases was significantly longer than 41 months for all patients starting treatment before 1970; thus, the duration of pituitary HGH therapy is a major risk factor for CJD.
PARALLEL ADAPTATIONS IN DIET QUALITY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS IN GREEK ADOLESCENTS. A BEHAVIORAL CRISIS
Authors: Dimitris Tsiachris, K. Tsioufis, A. Mazaraki, A. Kasiakogias, A. Kordalis, I. Andrikou, E. Stefanadi, T. Psaltopoulou, D. Tousoulis, C. Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Hospital Relationships With Direct-to-Consumer Screening Companies
Authors: Erik A. Wallace, John H. Schumann, Steven E. Weinberger
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Progestogens, Estrogen Therapy, and Endometrial Cancer
Authors: ANDREW M. KAUNITZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1984Progestogens, Estrogen Therapy, and Endometrial CancerANDREW M. KAUNITZ, M.D., CAROL J. R. HOGUE, PH.D.ANDREW M. KAUNITZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CAROL J. R. HOGUE, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-2-316_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Because progestogens can reduce estrogen-induced endometrial proliferation (1), there is much interest in these steroid hormones for treatment of menopausal women. We were, therefore, both surprised and discouraged to read the following statement (2) in the transcript of the UCLA Conference on estrogen replacement therapy: "Cyclical [estrogen] therapy and therapy with the intermittent use of progesterone have not as yet been shown to reduce the risk [of endometrial cancer] substantially." To the contrary, evidence shows that progestogens can eliminate the excess risk of endometrial cancer associated with estrogen use.Dr. Henderson cited three studies to support...References1. WHITEHEAD M, TOWNSEND P, PRYSE-DAVIES J, RYDER T, and KING R. Effects of estrogens and progestins on the biochemistry and morphology of the postmenopausal endometrium. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:1599-1605. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HENDERSON B. Endometrial cancer, pp. 199-200. In: JUDD HL, moderator. Estrogen replacement therapy: indications and complications. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:195-205. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. GAMBRELL R, MASSEY F, CASTANEDA T, UGENAS A, RICCI C, and WRIGHT J. Use of the progestogen challenge test to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 1980;55:732-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. ROTHMAN K and BOICE J. Epidemiologic Analysis with a Programmable Calculator. Washington D.C.: US Government Printing Office; 1979; NIH publication no. 79-1649. Google Scholar5. PATERSON M, WADE-EVANS T, STURDEE D, THOM M, and STUDD J. Endometrial disease after treatment with oestrogens and progestogens in the climacteric. Br Med J. 1980;1:822-4. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ANDREW M. KAUNITZ, M.D.; CAROL J. R. HOGUE, PH.D.Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA 30333 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1984Volume 100, Issue 2Page: 316-316KeywordsCancer treatmentEstrogen replacement therapyEstrogensProgesteroneProgestogensSteroid hormones ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
P113 Frequent co-detection of non-tuberculous mycobacteria with other microbes in a UK clinic population: what are the implications for treatment?
Authors: T Mahungu, M Yousefzadeh, N Shah, J Reading, J Hurst, S Burns, J Goldring, I Abubakar, I Cropley, S Hopkins, M Lipman
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are often isolated from patient samples, though their clinical relevance can be unclear. Treatment is not always effective and management decisions are usually based on repeat isolates with compatible clinical features. The presence of other micro-organisms, as well as the specific NTM itself, may be important. Here we report NTM and other microbe isolation frequency and their relationship to management decisions. <h3>Methods</h3> All NTM samples isolated from liquid culture systems between 09/05/11 and 03/04/13 at our centre were identified using hospital pathology databases. Subject’s negative mycobacterial cultures plus all positive relevant bacteria and virological isolates, as well as clinical history and progress were reviewed. <h3>Results</h3> NTM were isolated on 257 occasions from 102 patients, who provided a total of 693 samples for mycobacterial culture. Adjusting for positive samples obtained within a month of each other, there were 170 isolates - 150 of which came from 90 patients’ pulmonary samples. Common associated clinical conditions were non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (28, 31.1%), COPD (11, 12.2%), and HIV infection (6, 6.7%). The most frequent lung isolate was <i>Mycobacterium avium intracellulare </i>Complex, MAC, (47.8%), followed by <i>M. fortuitum</i>(14.4%), <i>M. gordonae</i> (10%), and <i>M. kansasii</i> (8.9%). Seven (7.8%) patients had multiple NTM species identified. 40 (44.4%) of the pulmonary patients also had bacteria or fungi isolated from lung samples. <i>Pseudomonas </i>sp. were present in 12 (13.3%), <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> in 10 (11.1%), and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in 6 (6.7%) patients. To date, 68.9% have not received regular anti-microbial therapy. 19 (21.1%) are on long term anti-bacterials, and 7 (7.8%) are being treated with specific anti-NTM therapy (5 of these MAC). Over the two year period 483 pulmonary samples have been tested for mycobacteria; at a mean frequency of 5.4 samples per patient, with approximately one in three being NTM positive. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Different microbes are frequently isolated on serial lung sampling from patients with NTM. Clinicians often utilise a treatment strategy that focuses on organisms other than NTM to control symptoms. The value of this approach requires longer term assessment, but highlights the importance of systematic, microbial surveillance cultures in pulmonary NTM management.
LACK OF SEX-BASED DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE TREATED WITH CONTEMPORARY MEDICAL THERAPY WITH OR WITHOUT PROMPT REVASCULARIZATION: A REPORT FROM BARI 2D
Authors: Jacqueline E. Tamis-Holland, Jiang Lu, Mary Korytkowski, William J. Rogers, Neuza Lopes, Michelle Magee, Lisa Mighton, Alice K. Jacobs
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
OXIDASE REACTION OF VARIOUS GROUPS OF BACTERIA
Authors: Lloyd D. Felton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1923)

1. A simple technique is described for studying the oxidase action of bacteria by means of the oxidation of p-aminoleucomalachite green. 2. It is shown that pneumococci under aerobic conditions produced an oxidase when grown on suitable medium. The sera of any of seven different animal species constitute such a medium, the degree of oxidation by the pneumococcus depending upon the animal from which the serum was taken-rat, guinea pig, rabbit, horse, man, cat, and chicken in order of diminishing suitability. 3. Conditions favoring the oxidation of p-aminoleucomalachite green by a single strain of pneumococci are: the presence of a slight amount of hemoglobin, dextrose, H ion concentration on the add side, and heating of fresh serum for 30 minutes at 56 degrees C. Conditions preventing the oxidation are: sterilized meat infusion, 1 per cent peptone, plain broth, a high concentration of hemoglobin, and absence of oxygen. In a quantitative fashion, meat infusion, 1 per cent peptone, and plain broth interfere with the suitability of serum as a substratum of oxidase production by the pneumococcus. 4. Twenty-three microbic species were studied with reference to oxidative power. They were grown upon 10 per cent horse serum, with and without dextrose, upon 10 per cent guinea pig serum, and upon plain broth. Only three of the twenty-three gave evidence of oxidative power as tested by p-aminoleucomalachite green; namely, the pneumococcus, Streptococcus viridans, and Streptococcus haemolyticus. Among the strains, of these three pneumococci gave the most intense reaction, after which Streptococcus viridans and Streptococcus haemolyticus follow in the order named, but with a noticeable variation among the different strains of Streptococcus haemolyticus. 5. Hemolytic streptococci of human and bovine origin were studied. The only variation in the type of reaction was manifested by the streptococci of milk and cheese origin. Strains from these sources showed definitely the least oxidase activity. Streptococci from mastitis and cow's udder were indistinguishable by the test from the hemolytic streptococci of human origin.
Gender-Related Differences in Rhythm Control Treatment in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Michiel Rienstra, Dirk J. Van Veldhuisen, Vincent E. Hagens, Adelita V. Ranchor, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Isabelle C. Van Gelder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Methanol extract of grain dust shows complement fixing activity and other characteristics similar to tannic acid.
Authors: D Skea, I Broder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

We have found several similarities between tannic acid and grain dust extract prepared with methanol. Both formed a precipitate with IgG, and these interactions were inhibited by albumin. In addition, both preparations fixed complement; this activity was heat stable and was removed by prior adsorption of the preparations with hide powder. Adsorption with polyvinyl polypyrrolidone reduced the complement-fixing activity of tannic acid but not that of the methanol grain dust extract. The similarities between tannic acid and the methanol grain dust extract are consistent with the presence of a tannin or tanninlike material in grain dust.
Beware of the distorting interpreter
Authors: A H Brafman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Michael Phelan and Sue Parkman's article on the problems that arise when an interpreter is used during clinical work is instructive.1 A small point that I would like to add concerns personal feelings and overt or covert interests or prejudices. Phelan and Parkman mention this as an important issue when one is counting on “friends or relatives” of the client, but it can also be …
Study of autologous dendritic cell therapy targeting Mucin 1 as a treatment for the maintenance of ovarian cancer patients in remission
Authors: J Goh, J Mason, J Chan, M Moradi, J Berek, B Beningno, L Mileshkin, F Recio, N Tchabo, E Rossi, P Eisenberg, P Rose, P Mitchell, J Young, M Matos, A Secord, M Davy, S Gargosky, H Gray
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts CVac is an autologous cellular therapy targeted to elicit a T cell response to tumors that over-express mucin 1. CAN-003 is a randomized, open-label, Phase 2 trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of CVac given as a single agent to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients who
Sarwar Jehan Zuberi
Authors: N A Jafarey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Sarwar Jehan Zuberi began her research career in Pakistan in 1967 as one of the first full time employees of the Medical Research Council, Karachi, and went on to become its head. In 1996, when her contract with the council had ended, I asked her to help me set up a new medical university in the private sector—Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi. One of the first decisions that the founding group took was that research would be a priority, and Sarwar took up the position of dean of research. In the seven years since, the university has established a viable MPhil/PhD programme in basic sciences and an MD/MS programme in clinical disciplines. Much of the credit for this goes to Sarwar for guiding the young with planning, conducting, and then publishing their research. In Pakistan, where medical research has not received much support, this is a significant achievement.
Is the double-guidewire technique used to facilitate selective bile duct cannulation or to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis?
Authors: Erkan Parlak, Aydın Köksal, Ahmet Eminler
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

We read with great interest the article entitled “Early use of double-guidewire technique to facilitate selective bile duct cannulation: the multicenter randomized controlled EDUCATION trial” [1]. In this multicenter study, the authors randomly assigned patients to undergo the early double-guidewire technique (EDG group) or repeated use of single-guidewire cannulation (RSG group), after a guidewire was unintentionally inserted into the main pancreatic duct. They found that, within 10 attempts and 10 minutes from the initial cannulation attempt, the EDG technique neither facilitated selective bile duct cannulation nor decreased the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) compared with the RSG technique.
Significance of exercise-induced ST-segment elevation in patients without myocardial infarction.
Authors: G Specchia, S de Servi, C Falcone, L Angoli, A Mussini, E Bramucci, G P Marioni, D Ardissino, J Salerno, P Bobba
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Sixteen patients with exercise-induced ST-segment elevation and without a history of myocardial infarction or left ventricular aneurysm were studied. Fourteen complained of angina at rest, which was associated with ST-segment elevation in the same leads where it was recorded during exercise, and two patients had only exertional angina. Exercise-induced ST-segment elevation was generally reproducible in subsequent exercise tests performed in different hours of the day, but exercise tests repeated a mean of 15 months later did not induce this electrocardiographic abnormality. All patients had a marked susceptibility to coronary spasm, as shown by the response to the ergonovine test (12 positive tests in 12 patients) and by the occurrence of spontaneous spasm during coronary arteriography in two patients. In addition, coronary arteriography, performed in seven patients at the time of exercise-induced ST-segment elevation, revealed spasm of a major coronary vessel in all. In two patients we documented that exercise-induced ST-segment elevation was accompanied by a decreased coronary blood flow and increased coronary vascular resistance. We conclude that exercise-induced ST-segment elevation in patients without a history of myocardial infarction or left ventricular aneurysm is caused by coronary spasm of a major coronary vessel.
Renal grafts from non-heart beating donors
Authors: A O Phillips, S A Snowden, A N Hillis, M Bewick
Journal: BMJ (1994)

During 1990 in Britain 60.7 patients per million of the population were accepted for renal transplantation but fewer than 35 patients per million received a renal transplant.1 More transplants would be available if non-heart beating donors were used.*RF 2-4* We report a retrospective study of transplantation of renal grafts from non-heart beating donors.

From 1 September 1988 to 30 April 1991, 27 patients received renal transplants from non-heart beating donors and 70 from heart beating donors. Nine of the non-heart beating donors (who donated 18 grafts) had been hospice patients with primary cerebral tumours. The hospice's counsellors had sought consent both from the patients and from their relatives. During the terminal phase of their illness the patients received only the treatment indicated by their medical condition. After the patient's death the …
Cancer Clinical Trials: Methods and Practice
Authors: Emil J Freireich
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Although  book is aimed at clinicians and statisticians alike, the orientation is that of persons who have worked in a multi-institutional, cooperative effort. As a result, the title is somewhat misleading, since the perspective of a major cancer center or an academic university center is not comprehensively included.  The major strength of the publication lies in Part VII, which has six separate authors contributing to the analysis of phase III trials. This section gives a good introduction to the methodology used for analysis, includes summaries of some recent results, and contains good references. There are good chapters on methods for estimating and comparing proportions using primarily x 2 tests, calculation and interpretation of survival curves, tests for comparing survival curves, and problems associated with interim analyses. There is also a fairly comprehensive chapter by Byar on prognostic factors. The final contribution to this part includes the use of regression
Effects of controlled interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts by biliary diversion and by ileal resection on bile salt secretion, synthesis, and pool size in the rhesus monkey
Authors: R. Hermon Dowling, Eberhard Mack, Donald M. Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The effects of controlled interruption of the enterohepatic circulation (EHC) of bile salts by biliary diversion on bile volume, bile salt secretion and synthesis rates, bile salt pool size, and the relationship to fecal fat excretion were studied in 16 rhesus monkeys.
Severe ischaemic cardiomyopathy associated with khat chewing
Authors: S. Saha
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

Legal chewing of khat leaves is prevalent in East African migrants to the UK; however severe cardiac ischaemia and liver damage can result.

Khat also known as qat or chat is the fresh leaves of Catha edulis. It is a shrub grown in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula where khat chewing is common with open legal trade. Around 20 million people use khat in these countries and its use has spread to the immigrant communities across Europe and America. The 2001 census records 44 000 Somalis in the UK and estimates of 95 000 were made in 2003. On chewing, khat leaves release amphetamine-like constituents; cathinone and cathin and other alkaloids (cathulidins). Khat is currently legal in the UK though cathinone and cathin are controlled drugs (Misuse of Drugs Act 1971). Khat is illegal in the USA, Canada, Norway and Sweden.
European Antibiotic Awareness Day: a five-year perspective of Europe-wide actions to promote prudent use of antibiotics
Authors: S Earnshaw, G Mancarella, A Mendez, B Todorova, A P Magiorakos, E Possenti, M Stryk, S Gilbro, H Goossens, B Albiger, D L Monnet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Following the European Union (EU) Council Recommendation on prudent use of antimicrobial agents in human medicine in 2001, and the success of national campaigns, i.e. Belgium and France, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) decided to establish the European Antibiotic Awareness Day (EAAD) on 18 November as platform to support national campaigns across Europe. This article provides an overview of EAAD tools, materials, and activities developed during the first five years. It shows that EAAD has been successful due to good cooperation between ECDC and national institutions, strong political and stakeholder support and evidence-based development of campaign materials. EAAD has provided a platform for pre-existing national campaigns and encouraged similar campaigns to develop where neither political support had been secured, nor financial support had been available. As a result, participating countries have continuously expressed strong support for ECDC to continue its work on EAAD. This has been endorsed by a steadily increasing number of countries participating and the growing interest of varied professional and stakeholder organisations. We conclude that EAAD should continue to act as catalyst for discussion and as mechanism to raise awareness of the public and prescribers about prudent use of antibiotics.