tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
379. Identification of Structural Aspects of Adenovirus Interactions with Host Factors In Vivo Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Oleksandr Kalyuzhniy, Catalin Doneanu, Martin Sadilek, Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Intensive studies of adenovirus infectivity and bio_distribution in animal models demonstrated that liver tissue is responsible for clearance of the bulk of intravenously applied vector. We recently demonstrated that adenovirus binding to blood factors, specifically coagulation factor IX and C4 binding protein, leads to high level hepatocyte transduction and virus trapping by Kupffer cells. Apparently, virus interaction with the coxsackie_ and adenovirus receptor, CAR, was not required for virus trapping by hepatic cells, although the fiber knob domain was identified as the primary moiety, mediating virus interaction with blood factors in vivo. Because adenovirus hepatocyte transduction and trapping by Kupffer cells is associated with the severe innate immune and inflammatory host responses observed following systemic adenovirus administration, we hypothesized that preventing virus interaction with blood factors should dramatically improve both the circulatory persistence and toxicity profile of adenovirus vectors. To better understand the structural basis of Ad fiber knob domain interaction with FIX, we first analyzed the efficiency of FIX_Ad knob association at different ionic strengths using dynamic light scattering. These analyses revealed that formation of the Ad fiber knob_FIX complex is highly sensitive to ionic strength and most efficient at low salt concentrations. Salt concentrations exceeding 0.5M, on the other hand, completely prevent complex formation. These data suggest that interaction between hydrophilic charged amino acids in FIX and Ad fiber knob domain, rather than hydrophobic amino acids, plays the major role in complex formation. To further identify the precise areas of protein_protein interaction, we cross_linked FIX with purified recombinant Ad5 or Ad9 fiber knob domains. Using PAGE protein gels we confirmed that upon incubation with different cross linkers, FIX and Ad fiber knobs efficiently form complexes that migrate within the expected mass range. Proteolytic digestion of cross_linked Ad fiber knob_FIX complex and subsequent analysis of obtained peptides using ESI_MS and MS/MS revealed several candidate peptides participating in the cross_linking reaction. These peptides define the interface of Ad fiber knob_FIX interaction. To confirm mass spectrometry analysis data, we are currently generating a panel of Ad fiber knobs possessing amino acid mutations within the putative protein interface area. The approach of protein cross_linking followed by mass spectrometry analyses may be widely applied to study interactions of virus proteins with host factors in vitro and in vivo. The development of Ad vectors ablated for binding to blood factors should ultimately allow for the construction of safe and efficient adenovirus vectors for therapeutic application in humans.
THE LABORATORY IN DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF DISEASE
Authors: FRANK W. KONZELMANN
Journal: JAMA (1949)

General practitioners form the most important of all the groups in American medicine. I hold this to be true for the following reasons: 1. There are more men in general practice than in any specialty. 2. They have closer contact and more frequent contacts with patients than any specialist. 3. They have more intimate first hand knowledge of the patient and his background and individual medical peculiarities than can be acquired in a few consultations. 4. They see the patient at the beginning of his illness. 5. They see the patient as a whole, not as just an eye, or an ear or a case of abdominal pain. 6. Their day often begins in the early morning hours with a problem in obstetrics and runs through psychiatry, metabolic disease, orthopedics, a little minor surgery, surgical diagnostic problems, pediatrics after school, geriatrics before dinner, cardiology after dinner and diseases of the
25 Years Ahead: Will Cancer Be a "Background-Noise Kind of Disease"?
Authors: H. McIntosh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1996)

For the 25th anniversary of the signing of the National Cancer Act, the Journal decided to interview cancer researchers about what the next 25 years in cancer research may bring. However, the future will always hold more unknowns than knowns, which is why, as one pundit suggested, there are always more good historians than prophets.
Slow decline of hepatitis B burden in general population: Results from a population-based survey and longitudinal follow-up study in Taiwan
Authors: Chi-Ling Chen, Jyh-Yuan Yang, Szu-Fong Lin, Chien-An Sun, Chyi-Huey Bai, San-Lin You, Chien-Jen Chen, Jia-Horng Kao, Pei-Jer Chen, Ding-Shinn Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Thallium imaging, dobutamine echocardiography and positron emission tomography for the assessment of myocardial viability
Authors: Hal A. Skopicki, Neil J. Weissman, Geoffrey A. Rose, Anil Mukerjee, Stephanie A. Coulter, Alan Fischman, Michael H. Picard, Henry Gewitz, Stephen A. Abraham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
P15.14 * DEVELOPING PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES (PRO) FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SWEDISH NATIONAL QUALITY REGISTER FOR PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: L. Rosenlund, R. Henriksson, T. Asklund, L. Petersson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The Swedish national quality registry for brain tumors is a population-based register established 1999. The register covers clinical variables, time to surgery and treatment, type of treatment and WHO performance status on all brain tumor patients in Sweden. However, there are no Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) or Patient Reported Experience (PRE) measures in the registry. PRO measures include symptoms of the disease, performance status and health-related quality of life. PRE measure include patients perception of and satisfaction with care, this may include treatment, participation, information, confidence in the caregiver and availability. The aim was to develop and implement PRO and PRE measures for brain tumor patients at different stages in the disease for use in the Swedish national quality register for brain tumors. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A project group with physicians, nurses, and patients was formed. A literature review of valid instruments was done. Focus group discussions were conducted with patients invited by the Swedish brain tumor association. The results that emerge from the discussions with patients and the project group formed the basis for the development of a web based questionnaire of PRO measures. In the first place already validated instrument found in the literature review was used. PRE measures for this group of patients will be selected from a national questionnaire of cancer patients. The patients who participated in the group discussions were invited to respond to the pilot version of the web based questionnaire. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results were used to form the first draft of a web based questionnaire. Besides symptoms and quality of life the patients found the registry important for evaluate equitable care like asses to care and rehabilitation. It is also important to find an optimal time point for measuring PRO/PRE in relation to other evaluated parameters in the disease process. In the development of PRO and PRE measures it is a great value to include patient's experiences in order to develop relevant outcome measures to influence the quality of the health care delivery.
Glycosuria and Hyperglycemia Associated with Acute Meningitis
Authors: John J. Federer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

BECAUSE of the many articles in the recent literature on various manifestations of meningitis, undoubtedly stimulated by the excellent results of chemotherapy, on the Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome, with involvement of the adrenal glands, and on the evidence of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism frequently encountered in lesions of the adrenal glands and the hypothalamus, it is thought worth while to present the following case.A 22-year-old soldier was admitted to a station hospital on June 30, 1944. The past history disclosed no unusual diseases, except for measles, mumps and pneumonia in childhood. The parents, two sisters and a brother were living and well, . . .
Abstract LB-41: Prolonged survival upon ultrasound-enhanced doxorubicin delivery in two syngenic glioblastoma mouse models
Authors: Zsofia Kovaks, Beat Werner, Ernst Martin-Fiori, Michele Bernasconi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor, with a very poor prognosis. Chemotherapeutical treatment of GBM is limited by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This physical and metabolic barrier separates the blood from the brain parenchyma and prevents the entry of toxins but also of potentially useful chemotherapeutics from the blood into the brain. Microbubble-enhanced focused ultrasound (MB-FUS) has been proposed to disrupt locally and reversibly the BBB to facilitate diffusion of drugs from the micro vasculature into brain tissue. The present study investigates the feasibility and the safety of such an approach in two syngenic mouse models of GBM (GL261 and SMA-560). Local doxorubicin (DOX) concentration in MB-FUS sonicated normal brain tissue as well as in brain tumor tissue was increased as compared to the unsonicated control tissue in the contralateral hemisphere. Moreover, ultrasound mediated BBB disruption, in combination with DOX therapy, resulted in a significant increase of survival and in a slower disease progression in the two syngenic GBM mouse models. In conclusion, our results confirm that MB-ultrasound might ultimately be an effective technology to improve the therapy of GBM, and they provide for the first time evidence that combining MB-FUS with DOX treatment is effective in syngenic mouse models for GBM which can serve as preclinical models to study the impact of immune system on the therapeutic application of MB-FUS chemotherapy. Citation Format: Zsofia Kovaks, Beat Werner, Ernst Martin-Fiori, Michele Bernasconi. Prolonged survival upon ultrasound-enhanced doxorubicin delivery in two syngenic glioblastoma mouse models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-41. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-41
Preventive and therapeutic effects of Smad7 on radiation-induced oral mucositis
Authors: Gangwen Han, Li Bian, Fulun Li, Ana Cotrim, Donna Wang, Jianbo Lu, Yu Deng, Gregory Bird, Anastasia Sowers, James B Mitchell, J Silvio Gutkind, Rui Zhao, David Raben, Peter ten Dijke, Yosef Refaeli, Qinghong Zhang, Xiao-Jing Wang
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
THE VESSELS INVOLVED IN HYDROSTATIC TRANSUDATION
Authors: Philip D. McMaster, Stephen Hudack
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

The gradient of permeability which exists along the cutaneous capillaries and venules is accentuated and broadened in scope by increasing the venous pressure moderately. Under such circumstances transudation leading to edema takes place most abundantly from the venules. The permeability of the portion of the capillary web that is near the arterioles increases only when the venous pressure rises so high as to approximate that in the arteries. Under such circumstances the gradient of permeability along the small vessels disappears, the capillaries and venules everywhere leaking fluid. The character of the vital staining developing under such circumstances indicates, like the evidence of previous work, that the cause for the gradient is to be sought in a structural differentiation.
A Colocutaneous Fistula in the Inguinal Area
Authors: Leonard C. Doubleday
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>History</h3> A 52-year-old woman experienced sudden pain in her right groin while feeding bales of hay to cattle. A tender swelling appeared in her right groin 48 hours later. One week later she saw her family physician because of reddened swelling in the groin. The swelling was assumed to represent an abscess and was incised. Fecal drainage developed from the site of the incision. Three weeks later the patient was admitted to the hospital and a barium enema examination was performed (Fig 1 and 2). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Richter's hernia of the cecum. The barium enema examination demonstrated a knuckle of cecum (lateral margin) extending beneath the inguinal ligament to the site of the draining sinus. Figure 1 is a lateral roentgenogram demonstrating the intestinal-cutaneous fistula (arrows). Figure 2 is an anteroposterior roentgenogram showing knuckle of cecum herniated into the femoral canal (arrow). <h3>Comment</h3> A laparotomy was performed that established that the
Nomenclature of Diseases
Authors: Z. BANKOWSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1978Nomenclature of DiseasesZ. BANKOWSKI, M.D., A. H. T. ROBB-SMITH, M.D., F.R.C.P.Z. BANKOWSKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. H. T. ROBB-SMITH, M.D., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-5-716_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences conjointly with the World Health Organization is engaged in a project for an International Nomenclature of Diseases, whose object is to provide a method by which medical practitioners throughout the world, when using a term to describe a disease, would use it in the same way. This, it is believed, would simplify communication and complement the statistical information based on the World Health Organization's International Classification of Disease. The project is receiving support from the United States Public Health Service, and fascicles presenting a provisional international nomenclature of certain... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: CIOMS c/o World Health Organization 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1978Volume 88, Issue 5Page: 716-716KeywordsGlobal healthInternational Classification of DiseasesMedical services Issue Published: 1 May 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
TRANSFUSION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
Authors: Richard Lewisohn
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the editorial "Transfusion of Blood and of Blood Substitutes" (The Journal, Nov. 8, 1941, p. 1627) you state that "Hustin of Belgium proposed in 1914 a method of collecting blood in a vessel containing an equal amount of a solution of 5 per cent dextrose in 9 per cent of sodium chloride and sodium citrate in the amount of 20 cc. for each hundred cubic centimeters of blood. The method was used on a rather large scale by the Entente forces during World War I." It is correct that Hustin was the first to try sodium citrate in blood transfusion. However, he thought that in order to prevent coagulation it was necessary to use strongly diluted blood. He mixed (Note sur une nouvelle methode de transfusion,<i>Bull. Soc. roy. d. Sc. méd. de Bruxelles</i><b>72</b>:104 [April 6] 1914) 150 cc. of blood with 150 cc.
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism Predicts Death From Coronary Heart Disease in a Longitudinal Study of Elderly Finnish Men
Authors: Jari H. Stengård, Kim E. Zerba, Juha Pekkanen, Christian Ehnholm, Aulikki Nissinen, Charles F. Sing
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background There is ample evidence from cross-sectional studies of an association between allelic variation of the gene coding for apolipoprotein E (apoE) and interindividual variation in plasma lipids, and the presence of coronary heart disease (CHD). There have been no prospective studies, however, to evaluate the usefulness of allelic variation of the apoE gene for predicting CHD. Methods and Results Two samples of elderly Finnish men were followed for 5 years, one in the east (n=297) and the other in the southwest of Finland (n=369). At baseline, when the apoE genotypes were assessed, the men were 65 to 84 years old. At the end of the follow-up, the vital status of each man was determined, and cause of death was coded. At baseline, relative frequencies of the three alleles–ε2, ε3, and ε4–were 0.037, 0.827, and 0.136 in the eastern and 0.062, 0.763, and 0.175 in the southwestern samples, respectively (χ 2 =8.89, df =2, P &lt;.012 for difference between the samples). During the 5-year follow-up, a total of 28 deaths from CHD were recorded in the eastern and 42 in the southwestern sample. Relative CHD mortality was not heterogeneous between the samples. Among those who died from CHD, there was a doubling of the relative ε4 allele frequency in both samples (χ 2 =4.70, df =1, P &lt;.03 for the eastern sample; χ 2 =7.11, df =1, P &lt;.01 for the southwestern sample). Conclusions Allelic variation in the apoE gene is a statistically significant predictor of CHD death in these samples of elderly Finnish men.
Patients often present too late for inclusion in trials
Authors: S Dische, D Gibson, M Parmar, M I Saunders, A Barrett
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Heather Goodare and Richard Smith encourage patients to become involved in the establishment as well as the performance of clinical trials.1 In prospective randomised controlled clinical trials in malignant disease, patients are in general well prepared to cooperate and participate. However, they must first reach the treatment centre at a time when their condition is suitable for inclusion.

The randomised controlled …
THE PHYSICAL SIGNS OF INCIPIENT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS TREATMENT BY CONTINUOUS ANTISEPTIC INHALATIONS
Authors: D. B. Lees
Journal: BMJ (1909)

ORMONDT:HE object Gf this paper is to advocate unusual of tre&tnment in the early, and especially -stage of pulmonary tuberculosis.Incidentally necessary to describe bhe earliest physical tuberculous infection of the lungs, which inadequately oand incorrectly described in the textbooks.The treatment most in favour at the cases of pulmonary tuberculosis consists while pyrexia is present, abundance of 'of nutriment, and graduated exercise vision when pyrexia has ceased.It that measures have aided in the recovery the patieen under the most favourable circumstances 4lhting his battle with the invading But obvious defect: they do not include -on the bacilli themselves.They place the lavourable circumstances, but they fight -alone.Attempts have, indeed, give actual assistance by the injection of tuberculin.ment is by no means devoid of risk..only b slowly, in carefully regulated doses, under constnt observation of the index.very queationable whether such injections 'fiable in the early stage of pulmonary .opsonicindex is then constantly 'the autoinoculation produced by the Attempts to combat the tuberculous means of antiseptic substances, such as given by the mouth, have attained very success, these drugs may produce gastro-intestinal ,idea of administering antiseptic drugs -suggested itself to physicians thirty Sir William Roberts claimed good results.cases from the use of antiseptic inhalation means "respirator-inhaler," which covered which he directed to be worn for fifteen, minutes several times a day."Dr..a similar apparatus, and laid stress on necessity the patient should practise inspiration -expiration by the nose."Each last from fifteen to twenty minutes, .ddvantagefrequently repeated."The recommended in 1881 was: E; Tinet..acidi carbolici 3a;, creosoti vel thymoli Sj vin i cot.ad j; and he also said that where cough urgent or breathing embarrassed chloroform sulphuric may be added at discretion."The thee dseltion to be used was 10 to 20 ,At least," and he left the frequency largely -decision of the patient himself.adds:.of my patients have of their own accord use respirator almost continuously day -experience of its good effects."
Seizures and Intraventricular Conduction Defect in Propranolol Poisoning
Authors: ARNO BUIUMSOHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

We have recently seen two cases of propranolol poisoning. In both instances, plasma propranolol levels were elevated. Both patients experienced generalized seizures and had a transient intraventricular conduction defect on electrocardiogram. The literature on intoxication of propranolol and other beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs suggests that the effects of massive propranolol intoxication observed in our patients can be explained on the basis of the pharmacologic properties of propranolol. Therapy consisted of gastric lavage and agents to antagonize the beta-adrenoceptor blockade effect. Both patients recovered.
Breast Cancer: Minimalists, Maximalists, Other Neoplasms
Authors: Alessandro Liberati, Stefano Ciatto, Marco Rosselli del Turco, Roldano Fossati
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.—  Drs Schapira and Urban 1 and Dr Wertheimer 2 discuss the worth of a minimal surveillance policy in patients with early-stage breast cancer. In both articles, the argument in favor or against minimalist follow-up is based on each authors opinions and beliefs rather than on scientific evidence; in fact, no experimental data (ie, results from randomized clinical trials) are yet available. In 1985 in Italy, the controversy over intensive vs minimal follow-up was rampant. The impossibility of reaching a consensus led to setting up a randomized clinical trial. Two cooperative groups designed a trial independently but with the explicit intent of prospectively pooling their results, comparing an intensive vs a minimalist approach (Table). Overall, 43 Italian hospitals joined the two projects. 3-5 From 1985 to 1987, the two trials accrued 1250 and 1450 patients, respectively, and the median follow-up time is now 5 and 3.5 years. Both
Omeprazole versus placebo for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: randomised double blind controlled trial.
Authors: T. K. Daneshmend, C. J. Hawkey, M. J. Langman, R. F. Logan, R. G. Long, R. P. Walt
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the possible therapeutic role of omeprazole, a powerful proton pump inhibitor, in unselected patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. DESIGN--Double blind placebo controlled parallel group study. Active treatment was omeprazole 80 mg intravenously immediately, then three doses of 40 mg intravenously at eight hourly intervals, then 40 mg orally at 12 hourly intervals. Treatment was started within 12 hours of admission and given for four days or until surgery, discharge, or death. SETTING--The medical wards of University and City Hospitals, Nottingham. SUBJECTS--1147 consecutive patients aged 18 years or more admitted over 40 months with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Mortality from all causes; rate of rebleeding, transfusion requirements, and operation rate; effect of treatment on endoscopic appearances at initial endoscopy. RESULTS--Of 1147 patients included in the intention to treat analysis, 569 received placebo and 578 omeprazole. No significant differences were found between the placebo and omeprazole groups for rates of transfusion (302 (53%) placebo v 298 (52%) omeprazole), rebleeding (100 (18%) v 85 (15%)), operation (63 (11%) v 62 (11%)), and death (30 (5.3%) v 40 (6.9%)). However, there was an unexpected but significant reduction in endoscopic signs of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients treated with omeprazole compared with those treated with placebo (236 (45%) placebo v 176 (33%) omeprazole; p less than 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS--Omeprazole failed to reduce mortality, rebleeding, or transfusion requirements, although the reduction in endoscopic signs of bleeding suggests that inhibition of acid may be capable of influencing intragastric bleeding. Our data do not justify the routine use of acid inhibiting drugs in the management of haematemesis and melaena.