tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Another piece of the fish oil puzzle.
Authors: G J Dehmer
Journal: Circulation (1990)

B eginning in the early part of this century, several arctic explorers made the observation that ischemic heart disease was a rare cause of death among the Eskimo population.More recent information indicates that ischemic heart disease represents only 3.5% of all deaths among Greenland Eskimos; this is nearly 10-fold less than that in Western countries.1The remarkably low incidence of ischemic heart disease among the Eski- mos created an unsolved puzzle that sparked the interest of several investigators.Although early studies postulated a connection between the unique Eskimo diet and the low incidence of coronary artery disease, the epidemiological studies of Bang and See p 428 Dyerberg in the mid-1970s focused the greatest attention on this association.2In contrast to a typical Western diet that contains predominantly the co-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the daily Eskimo diet includes substantial quantities of the co-3 PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).These are derived from the large quantities of certain cold-water fish and mammals eaten by the Eskimos; hence, they are com- monly referred to as the fish oils.Initial in vitro evidence suggested that EPA had an antithrombotic effect,3 and this was verified by the finding of a prolonged bleeding time in Eskimos.' Also found was a marked decrease in platelet aggregation and, in some of the Eskimos examined, absent ADP and collagen-induced secondary phases of platelet aggregation.Furthermore, compared with the Danish control population, favorable alterations in serum lipids were found in the Eskimos.Summa- rizing their years of work, Bang and Dyerberg postulated that the altered lipid levels and hemostatic changes induced by the w-3 PUFAs were the potential cause for the low incidence of cardiovascular disease among the Eskimos.1,4Since these early investigations, we have come to understand considerably more about the effects of
What Is "Normal" Serum Calcium?
Authors: HUNTER HEATH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1972What Is "Normal" Serum Calcium?HUNTER HEATH III, M.D.HUNTER HEATH III, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-2-329 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I was interested in the report of Swinton, Clerkin, and Flint in the March 1972 issue (p. 455) regarding correction of hypercalcemia after resection of a pheochromocytoma in a 12-year-old boy. However, it seems odd that the authors did not mention the method by which the serum calcium level was measured or offer data concerning their "normal range" for the serum total calcium. Since the serum calcium values are the crux of the paper, it seems that such information should have been given.In the clinical laboratory at Walter Reed General Hospital the "normal range" for serum...References1. LIPIECHOCKI TJ: Determination of serum ionic calcium with an ion-selective electrode: evaluation of methodology and normal values. Clin Chem 17:411-416, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LOWSCHAAFEARLL JMJ: The value of serum ionized calcium in the diagnosis of normocalcemic and hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (abstract). Clin Res 19:375, 1971 Google Scholar1. CLARKCOLLIP EJ: Tisdall method for determination of blood serum calcium with a suggested modification. J Biol Chem 63:461-464, 1925 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MELVINMILLERTASHJIAN KHA: Early diagnosis of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland by means of calcitonin assay. N Engl J Med 285:1115-1120, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HUNTER HEATHIII, M.D.Affiliations: MC USAR Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Walter Reed General Hospital Washington, D.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1972Volume 77, Issue 2Page: 329-330KeywordsCalciumClinical laboratoriesHypercalcemiaPheochromocytoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
`Hello, I'm Your New Doctor'
Authors: Howard Beckman
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  After supervising a training program for five years, we have a few suggestions to help house staff assume care for ambulatory patients. Our suggestions relate to encounters we found to be most problematic—those between a patient previously seen in the practice who is returning for continued care and new first-year residents.   Think of the first encounter between yourself and the patient as an acquaintance visit.  Review the patient's records beforehand. Pay particular attention to progress notes from the last few visits for the patient's most recent and active problems; note any plans or contracts made.  Recognize that the transfer of patient care is a process that takes time and cannot be jammed into one visit.  Introduce yourself as a new physician; acknowledge that the patient is returning for follow-up care and ask if there are any new problems.  Describe your objectives for
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Japanese Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder – Effectiveness of Behavior Therapy and Fluvoxamine
Authors: Eriko Nakatani, Akiko Nakagawa, Tomohiro Nakao, Chika Yoshizato, Maiko Nabeyama, Akiko Kudo, Kayoko Isomura, Naoko Kato, Kazuko Yoshioka, Midori Kawamoto
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The aim of this study was to confirm and compare the efficacy of fluvoxamine (the only licensed SSRI for treatment for OCD in Japan) and behavior therapy in treating Japanese patients with OCD. In addition, we investigated predictors of these treatments. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Thirty-one outpatients meeting the DSM-III-R criteria for OCD without any axis I disorder were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: BT (behavior therapy ± pill placebo), FLV [autogenic training (a psychological placebo for OCD) ± fluvoxamine] and control group [autogenic training (psychological placebo) ± pill placebo] for 12 weeks of treatment. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale (CGI-I) were administered blindly at baseline and week 4, 8 and 12. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Twenty-eight patients completed this study. Patients in the BT and FLV groups showed significantly more improvement than those in the control group in the mean score of total Y-BOCS; moreover, the BT group showed significantly more reduction in total Y-BOCS score at the end of treatment than the FLV group (BT &gt; FLV, p &lt; 0.01). Patients with lower baseline total Y-BOCS, past history of a major depressive episode and absence of cleaning compulsion improved more with fluvoxamine. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; We confirmed the effectiveness of behavior therapy and fluvoxamine for Japanese patients with OCD. Behavior therapy improved the condition of OCD patients more than fluvoxamine.
A BACTERIOLOGIC STUDY OF A NEW SANIGENIC FLOORING
Authors: W. L. MALLMANN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Epidermophytosis and plantar warts are diseases that are transmitted primarily through the contact of bare feet and contaminated floors. Thus floor sanitation is a problem in locker rooms, shower rooms and runways of swimming pools. The commonly accepted procedure of control consists in placing footbaths containing antiseptic solutions in doorways to the swimming pool or shower rooms. By this means the feet are at least momentarily immersed in an antiseptic bath which undoubtedly removes organisms from the feet and also destroys many of them. When the footbath is the sole means of prophylaxis, the bather returns to his locker on contaminated floors and may reinfect his feet before dressing. Realizing that reinfection may result from contaminated floors, many establishments as a routine wash all floors carefully and follow this with disinfection. Owing to the frequently continuous use of the locker rooms, showers and swimming pools, the cleaning and disinfection of
Choice of Downing Street health adviser prompts fears that copayments may be on the agenda
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Fears that the appointment of Nick Seddon as the new special adviser on health at Downing Street is a sign that the government is considering the introduction of copayments for NHS patients have been dismissed by senior health policy figures who know him well.

Before being invited to advise on health and social care as part of a new team led by Jo Johnson—the younger brother of London mayor Boris Johnson—Seddon was deputy director of the right wing think tank Reform, an organisation that promotes free market policies and small government.

Before joining Reform, Seddon—only in his mid-30s—was head of communications at Circle, the first private company to win a franchise to run an NHS hospital, Hinchingbrooke in Cambridgeshire.

Seddon has been reported to have argued that, …
FEVER IN HEART FAILURE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE TEMPERATURES OF THE INTERIOR AND THE SURFACE OF THE BODY
Authors: J. Murray Steele
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1934)

Fever has for a long time been observed to be a very frequent symptom during heart failure.Often the elevation of temperature is associated with infectious processes, often with non-infectious ones as, for example, in- farction of various organs, cerebral hemorrhage or hyperthyroidism.Many times meticulous search fails, however, to bring to light any of these conditions.It has then been generally assumed that one of the more familiar processes is present but has escaped detection.In lungs already the seat of chronic passive congestion bronchopneumonia might easily re- main undiscovered.Fever during the course of heart failure has remained inexplicable so frequently that several observers have developed hypotheses to account for its occurrence.Cohn and Steele (1) reviewed these briefly and sup- ported with clinical evidence the idea that heart failure itself may lead to the elevation of rectal temperature.The evidence consists in having re- lated in point of time the appearance of the signs of heart failure with the appearance of fever when no recognized causes of fever are discover- able.It is a venerable observation that people with " poor circulation " have cold hands and feet while the extremities of patients with infectious diseases possessing presumably normal circulations are hot.This important difference suggests the desirability of studying the relations between the temperature of the surface and that of the interior of the body.Changes in the conditions of the environment undoubtedly influence this relation and must therefore be kept under control or, in any event, carefully re- corded.Calorimetry did not appear to be the best method to employ in this study since the problem concerns not a discrepancy between heat pro- duced and heat lost but the mechanism by which thermal equilibrium is maintained or established within the body under conditions which differ from those encountered in normal individuals.Knowledge of the variations in temperature of the surface in conse-
Analysis of Diluted Vitreous Samples from Vitrectomy Is Useful in Eyes with Severe Acute Postoperative Endophthalmitis
Authors: Christophe Chiquet, Max Maurin, Gilles Thuret, Yvonne Benito, Pierre-Loïc Cornut, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, Frédéric Rouberol, André Pechinot, Gérard Lina, Jean-Paul Romanet, Alain Bron, François Vandenesch
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
Employment of MEDEX Graduates and Trainees
Authors: David Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The MEDEX approach to the training and deployment of physician extenders is described and contrasted with other physician-extender training models, and results of a survey of 277 MEDEX graduates and 207 trainees are presented. Practically all MEDEX graduates and trainees are employed in full-time practice and are working with fee-for-service family physicians in the rural areas of the United States, which suggests that the strategy used to place Medex practitioners into communities requiring additional health services has been successful. (<i>JAMA</i>234:174-177, 1975)
Hematologic reference values for African American children and adolescents
Authors: Edwin B. Robins, Steve Blum
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Anemia is prevalent among African American children. When evaluating pediatric patients for anemia, clinicians refer to the normative hematological reference values in reference textbooks. These reference values are used in spite of evidence that healthy African American people of all ages have average hemoglobin concentrations from 0.5 to 0.73 g/dl below those of Whites. In an earlier study, using samples from 2,161 healthy African American children from 2 to 18 years old, we found a statistically significant difference ( P &lt; 0.0001) in the mean hemoglobin value for each age group as compared to reference normative mean hemoglobin values. Here we present the results of a comparative analysis of the data set from our previous study and the data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys III (NHANES III) 1988–1994. We found no statistically significant difference between these data sets with respect to the hemoglobin values for any age or sex group, confirming that African American children and adolescents have lower mean hemoglobin values than do Whites. Use of the reference hemoglobin values presented here will help prevent the misdiagnosis of anemia in African American children and thereby minimize unnecessary hematological workups and treatment. Am. J. Hematol. 82: 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amyloid Precursor Protein Regulates Brain Apolipoprotein E and Cholesterol Metabolism through Lipoprotein Receptor LRP1
Authors: Qiang Liu, Celina V. Zerbinatti, Juan Zhang, Hyang-Sook Hoe, Baiping Wang, Sarah L. Cole, Joachim Herz, Louis Muglia, Guojun Bu
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Ovarian Adrenal-Like Tissue in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors: G. Russo, P. Paesano, G. Taccagni, A. Del Maschio, G. Chiumello
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

To the Editor: Testicular lesions containing adrenal-like tissue can be found in some males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.1 These lesions are often multifocal and bilateral.2 A young woman wi...
Scientific American introduction to molecular medicine. Edited by Philip Leder, David A. Clayton, and Edward Rubenstein, 333 pp. New York: Scientific American, 1994. $49
Authors: Raymond S. Koff
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

This book was a pleasure to review.The authors have succeeded in writing a precise, practical approach to the ultrasound examination of the abdomen.The book is divided into organ-specific chapters and is limited to adult pathology.However, there are examples of congenital abnormalities that may not be detected until adulthood.The approach is not encyclopedic; rather, there is a concentration on those conditions commonly encountered in clinical practice.Nonetheless, even some of the more unusual disorders are included.Heavy technological jargon is purposefully avoided, thereby making the text easy to read.There is excellent correlation with computed tomography and, to a lesser extent, with magnetic resonance imaging.The assessment of the relative advantages of ultrasound compared with these other imaging modalities is presented fairly and succinctly.The images are beautifully reproduced and clearly identified.The heavy emphasis on color sonography, which places this book at the "cutting edge" of abdominal sonography, is particularly striking and most informative.The number of fine images is so large that one might consider this an atlas of abdominal sonography.
Ethnic Variation in Response to Alcohol
Authors: Mark D. Shriver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 March 1998Ethnic Variation in Response to AlcoholMark D. Shriver, PhDMark D. Shriver, PhDAllegheny University of the Health Sciences; Pittsburgh, PA 15212Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-6-199803150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Wall presents some new data and an intriguing hypothesis for the protection against alcoholism that some Asian persons experience. It will be interesting to examine larger samples of persons classified according to the amount of alcohol they drink for the presence of both ALDH and ADH variant alleles. In addition, I stand corrected: More intense experiences are not necessarily unpleasant, especially in light of the severe reactions to alcohol consumption experienced by persons with variant alleles at both ALDH and ADH. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark D. Shriver, PhDAffiliations: Allegheny University of the Health Sciences; Pittsburgh, PA 15212 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1998Volume 128, Issue 6Page: 507KeywordsAlcohol consumptionAlcoholismAlcoholsAllelesAntidiuretic hormone ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Transferrin receptor 2 is a component of the erythropoietin receptor complex and is required for efficient erythropoiesis
Authors: Hana Forejtnikovà, Maud Vieillevoye, Yael Zermati, Mireille Lambert, Rosa Maria Pellegrino, Soizic Guihard, Muriel Gaudry, Clara Camaschella, Catherine Lacombe, Antonella Roetto, Patrick Mayeux, Frédérique Verdier
Journal: Blood (2010)
India needs extra 100 000 doctors a year until 2034 to meet needs of growing population
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The Indian healthcare sector needs to gain 100 000 doctors and 300 000 nurses every year until 2034—using innovative non-linear healthcare solutions—to meet the healthcare requirements of the country’s growing population, a report has found. 

The report, by management consultants PricewaterhouseCoopers, was based on interviews with 80 leaders from different fields in India and abroad, workshops with specialists in the healthcare sector, insights from specialists …
Airway eosinophilia in chronic bronchitis during exacerbations.
Authors: M Saetta, A Di Stefano, P Maestrelli, G Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, P Calcagni, C E Mapp, A Ciaccia, L M Fabbri
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To examine the nature and the degree of airway inflammation in chronic bronchitis during exacerbations, bronchial biopsies and sputum were obtained in 11 subjects with chronic bronchitis examined during an exacerbation, and in 12 subjects with chronic bronchitis examined under baseline conditions. All subjects were nonatopic. Lobar bronchial biopsies were assessed using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, and sputum was examined for differential cell counts of leukocytes. Subjects with bronchitis during exacerbations had, on average, 30-fold more eosinophils in their bronchial biopsies than did those examined under baseline conditions (p < 0.001). Although to a lesser extent, the numbers of neutrophils (p < 0.01), T-lymphocytes (CD3) (p < 0.05), VLA-1-positive cells (p < 0.01), and TNF-alpha positive cells (p < 0.05) were also increased during exacerbations. By contrast, the T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) and the numbers of macrophages, mast cells, IL-2R-positive cells, and IL-1 beta-positive cells were similar in the two groups of subjects, as well as the percentages of ICAM-1- and E-selectin-positive vessels. Eosinophils were also increased in sputum of subjects with exacerbations when compared with those examined under baseline conditions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are associated with a marked airway eosinophilia and with a milder increase in the number of neutrophils, activated T-lymphocytes, and TNF-alpha-positive cells in the bronchial mucosa.
The roles of Wnt signaling modulators Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) and Dickkopf-2 (Dkk2) and cell maturation state in osteogenesis on microstructured titanium surfaces
Authors: Rene Olivares-Navarrete, Sharon Hyzy, Marco Wieland, Barbara D. Boyan, Zvi Schwartz
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
USE OF DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IN VEIN GRAFT: RESULTS OF A MULTICENTRIC REGISTRY
Authors: Vincenzo Pasceri, Gaindomenico Tarsia, Giampaolo Niccoli, Nicola Viceconte, Rocco Aldo Osanna, Domenico Polosa, Armando Del Prete, Carmine Biscione, Francesco Burzotta, Italo Porto, Antonio Maria Leone, Carlo Trani, Giulio Speciale, Pasquale Lisanti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Time course of coronary endothelial healing after injury due to ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors: L D Horwitz, D Kaufman, M W Keller, Y Kong
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Although it has been demonstrated in short-term preparations that ischemia with early reperfusion results in coronary vascular injury manifested by abnormal endothelium-dependent relaxation and increased permeability to plasma proteins, it has not been clear whether these abnormalities are permanent or reversible. METHODS AND RESULTS In a canine model, regional coronary ischemia was accomplished by 1 hour of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, and follow-up studies were performed after reperfusion for 1 hour, 48 hours, 2 weeks, or 9 weeks. Vasorelaxation was measured in vitro with preconstricted epicardial coronary artery rings subjected to increasing concentrations of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator ADP and the endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroprusside. At 1 and 48 hours of reperfusion, relaxation of rings from the ischemic reperfused artery to ADP was blunted, but relaxation to nitroprusside was normal. At 2 weeks there was a nonsignificant trend toward a blunted response to ADP in the ischemic/reperfused rings, and at 9 weeks a completely normal response to ADP was observed. Coronary microvascular permeability was assessed by measurement of protein leak index (PLI), by using a double-isotope technique with autologous radiolabeled transferrin and erythrocytes. At 1 and 48 hours of reperfusion there were substantial increases in PLI in the previously ischemic regions, indicative of increased extravascular transferrin. There was a small increase in PLI at 2 weeks but a completely normal measurement at 9 weeks. Electron microscopy of ischemic/reperfused vessels demonstrated endothelial cell swelling and other abnormalities in epicardial arteries and the microcirculation at 48 hours of reperfusion but normal endothelium at 2 weeks of reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS After 1 hour of regional coronary ischemia, coronary endothelial injury occurs early in reperfusion with abnormalities in epicardial coronary artery endothelium-dependent relaxation, coronary microvascular permeability, and both epicardial coronary artery and microvascular histology. This pattern of injury persists for at least 48 hours, but there is partial functional and complete histological recovery within 2 weeks and complete functional recovery within 9 weeks.