tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Salt Wasting in Elderly Persons
Authors: R. A. TANNEAU
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1987Cerebral Salt Wasting in Elderly PersonsR. A. TANNEAU, M.D., Y. L. PENNEC, M.D., J. JOUQUAN, M.D., G. LE MENN, M.D.R. A. TANNEAU, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Y. L. PENNEC, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. JOUQUAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. LE MENN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-120_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editors: Ishikawa and colleagues (1) have recently reported cases of hyponatremia with persistent urinary excretion of sodium in three elderly patients after head injury. Because peripheral renin activity was low and unresponsive to intravenous administration of furosemide or to an orthostatic position and because fludrocortisone seemed effective in reversing hyponatremia, the authors suggested that a primary disorder in the renin-aldosterone axis may partly explain this hyponatremia. We report two similar cases of salt wasting in elderly persons and comment on this hypothesis.Two men with chronic dementia aged 81 and 85 years had hyponatremia ( 126 to 128...References1. ISHIKAWASAITOKANEKOOKADAKUZUYA STKKT. Hyponatremia responsive to fludrocortisone acetate in elderly patients after head injury. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:187-91. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WILLIAMS G. Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. .N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1041-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DE FRONZO R. Hyperkalemia and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism Kidney Int. 1980;17:118-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BICHETLEVISCHRIER DMR. Polyuria, dehydration, overhydration. In: SELDIN DW, GIEBISCH G, eds. The Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology. Vol 2. New York: Raven Press; 1985:951-84. Google Scholar5. NEEDLEMANGREENWALD PJ. Atriopeptin: a cardiac hormone intimately involved in fluid, electrolyte, and blood pressure homeostasis. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:828-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. A. TANNEAU, M.D.; Y. L. PENNEC, M.D.; J. JOUQUAN, M.D.; G. LE MENN, M.D.Affiliations: University Hospital 29279 Brest Cédex, France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOsmosinės mielinolizės sindromas (centrinė tilto ir ekstrapontininė mielinolizė): literatūros apžvalga ir atvejo pristatymasHyponatremiaHyponatremiaAcute Hyponatremic Encephalopathy After a Cerebrovascular AccidentAcute Hyponatremic Encephalopathy After a Cerebrovascular AccidentGeriatric hyponatremiaDiagnosis and Management of Hyponatremia 1 July 1987Volume 107, Issue 1Page: 120-120KeywordsDementiaElderlyExcretionFludrocortisoneHead injuryHyponatremiaSaltsSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Single nucleotide polymorphism upstream of interleukin 28B associated with phase 1 and phase 2 of early viral kinetics in patients infected with HCV genotype 1
Authors: Charles D. Howell, Alexis Gorden, Kathleen A. Ryan, Alexander J. Thompson, Chadi Ibrahim, Michael Fried, Nezam H. Afdhal, John G. McHutchison, Kevin V. Shianna, David B. Goldstein, Alan R. Shuldiner, Braxton D. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Cadmium, Lead, and Other Metals in Relation to Semen Quality: Human Evidence for Molybdenum as a Male Reproductive Toxicant
Authors: John D. Meeker, Mary G. Rossano, Bridget Protas, Michael P. Diamond, Elizabeth Puscheck, Douglas Daly, Nigel Paneth, Julia J. Wirth
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Evidence on human semen quality as it relates to exposure to various metals, both essential (e.g., zinc, copper) and nonessential (e.g., cadmium, lead), is inconsistent. Most studies to date used small sample sizes and were unable to account for important covariates.
Differences in Dielectric Properties between Malignant and Normal Breast Tissue: Preliminary Results of the MicroBlate® Study.
Authors: A. Chaudhry, B. Baruah, A. Goyal, T. Kink, P. Young, A. Douglas-Jones, R. Mansel
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Minimally-invasive microwave ablation techniques for the management of breast diseases are an emerging technology. These techniques rely, to a certain extent, on the difference in dielectric properties of normal and malignant human tissue. In our unit, we are currently studying the efficacy of a new microwave based technology, MicroBlate®, which has the unique feature of being able to measure tissue impedance and deliver microwave frequency impulse to tissues based on this impedance feedback. In this study we have compared the dielectric properties of normal and malignant breast tissues using this probe to establish proof of principle.Methodology:Impedance of freshly excised mastectomy and reduction specimens were measured ex-vivo using the MicroBlate® probe. This probe was attached to the end of the precision open-ended co-axial cable connected to an Agilent 4-port PNA-L Microwave network analyser (10MHz – 20 GHz). Impedance (Z) was intially recorded as two values which are vector quantities: real (R), which reflects the tissue resistance, and imaginary (X), a measure of tissue reactance. The overall impedance was then calculated using the standard mathematical formula, Z= √(R2+X2). Measurements were performed on adipose, glandular and malignant breast tissue immediately following surgical excision. Differences in the impedance values between these tissue types were calculated and the results analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results:Our study shows a measurable difference in the dielectric properties of malignant and normal breast tissue. Our data supports the technological basis of MicroBlate®, a minimally invasive microwave ablation technology with impedance feedback, further ex-vivo studies are needed to determine its efficacy in ablating benign and malignant breast tissue. 28 patients undergoing elective mastectomy (n=26) and reduction (n=2) were included in this study between Feb – May 2009. Of the 26 patients undergoing mastectomy, 19 had invasive malignancy and the remaining 7 had in-situ malignancy only. The median age of the patients was 58 years (range 22-80 years). The average impedance of adipose tissue was 29.3 ± 6.9W, glandular tissue was 31.1 ± 6.1W and for malignant tissue was 49.6 ± 9.3W (Mann Whitney U p value &amp;lt;0.001). The average difference between impedance of malignant and glandular tissue in individual patients was 19.6 ± 8.6W.Conclusions:Our study shows a measurable difference in the dielectric properties of malignant and normal breast tissue. Our data supports the technological basis of MicroBlate®, a minimally invasive microwave ablation technology with impedance feedback, further ex-vivo studies are needed to determine its efficacy in ablating benign and malignant breast tissue. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3099.
Nerve growth factor delivery systems
Authors: Michael F Haller, W.Mark Saltzman
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1998)

Growth factors encourage tissue regeneration and differentiation, accelerate wound healing, and modulate neural repair. Thus, growth factor administration may become a useful treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, which are characterized by the degeneration of neuronal cell populations. Controlled-release polymer delivery systems may be an important technology in enabling the prevention of neuronal degeneration, or even the stimulation of neuronal regeneration, by providing a sustained release of growth factors to promote the long-term survival of endogenous or transplanted cells.
Lethal osteogenesis imperfecta congenita and a 300 base pair gene deletion for an alpha 1(I)-like collagen.
Authors: F M Pope, K S Cheah, A C Nicholls, A B Price, F G Grosveld
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Broad boned lethal osteogenesis imperfecta is a severely crippling disease of unknown cause. By means of recombinant DNA technology a 300 base pair deletion in an alpha 1(I)-like collagen gene was detected in six patients and four complete parent-child groups including patients with this disease. One from each set of the patients9 clinically unaffected parents also carried the deletion, implying that affected patients were genetic compounds. The study suggests that prenatal diagnosis should be possible with 100% accuracy in subjects without the deletion and with 50% accuracy in those who possess it (who would be either heterozygous--normal, or affected with the disease).
Abstract 3523: Biochanin A enhances anticancer activity of temozolomide in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Aditi Jain, James C.K. Lai, Alok Bhushan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most lethal form of primary brain tumor, classified as a Grade IV astrocytoma by World Health Organization (WHO). The poor prognosis of patients is a result of an extremely invasive and aggressive nature of this tumor. Temozolomide, an anticancer agent currently approved for the treatment of glioblastoma is only modestly effective as a single agent in enhancing patient survival. Therefore, it is imperative to design therapies which are safe and can more effectively target the progression of glioblastoma. Our laboratory has been investigating the anticancer properties of biochanin A, a bioactive isoflavone found in red clover and soy products. This compound shows anticancer potential against breast, oral, pancreatic and brain cancers. Previous studies from our laboratory show that biochanin A inhibits invasion in GBM cells. In this study we investigated the anticancer potential of combination of biochanin A and temozolomide on U-87 MG cells (human glioblastoma cell line). We hypothesized that this combination will enhance the efficacy of temozolomide towards inhibiting invasion and proliferation of glioblastoma cells. We performed colony formation assay to assess the cytotoxicity of treatment(s). Biochanin A (20μM and 70μM) enhances the effect of temozolomide in decreasing the number of colonies formed as determined by the colony formation assay. Further, we determined the effect of temozolomide (100μM) alone and in combination with biochanin A (20μM and 70μM) on cell signaling, invasive processes and transcription factors. Western blot analysis shows a decrease in the protein expression of p-EGFR, p-ERK, uPAR, MMP-2. Our results implicate that combining biochanin A with temozolomide can improve the anticancer effect of temozolomide on glioblastoma cells. These findings help us better understand how biochanin A can be used to seek new and more effective combination therapy. Further studies are aimed to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which this combination inhibits invasion of U-87 MG cells. This study was supported by in parts from NIH INBRE GRANT P20RR016454. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3523. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3523
Quantitative microbiology of human vulva
Authors: RAZA ALY, MARIE B. BRITZ, HOWARD I. MAIBACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

The microbial flora of the vulva is described and compared with the flora of the forearm by utilizing the detergent scrub method. Microbial counts were higher on the vulva (2.8 x 106/cm2) than on the forearm (6.4 x 102/cm2). Lipophilic diphtheroids, coagulase negative staphylococci, micrococci, non‐lipophilic diphtheroids and lactobacilli formed the dominant flora of the vulva. Streptococci, Gram negative rods and yeasts were also noted. The highest incidence of S. aureus was noted on the vulva (67%) followed by perianal (30%), nose (30%), and the foream (11%).
THE FIRST YEAR OF THE NEW STANDARD NOMENCLATURE OF DISEASES IN MASSACTUETTS MENTAL HOSPITALS
Authors: Neil A. Dayton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1935)

1. The American Psychiatric Association together with 21 other national organizations cooperated in writing the new "Standard Classified Nomenclature of Diseases" which was initiated in 1928. The first edition of the nomenclature (1933) carrying the new psychiatric classification, was revised and the final versions of the detailed and condensed classifications were officially adopted by the association in May, 1934. 2. Massachusetts mental hospitals and state schools adopted the new nomenclature in both mental diseases and mental deficiency as of June 1, 1934, and reclassified all admissions, discharges and deaths from that date back to the beginning of the statistical year, October 1, 1933. As the statistical system includes complete data on the resident population and patients out of institutions as well, all patients falling in these two groups were reclassified. A total of 36,711 diagnoses were reviewed by the medical staffs of the various hospitals. At the central department the new diagnoses were then transferred to statistical punch cards which are used in preparing annual statistics for all institutions and for the department annual report as well. 3. The figures for the number of cases falling in the 120 groups of the detailed classification are presented. These apply to all admissions (7222 cases), discharges (4837 cases), deaths 2001 cases) during the year 1934, and the resident population (23,196 cases) and patients out, etc., (2423 cases) at the end of the statistical year Sepember 30, 1934, by first and readmissions (Table 1). 4. The twelve main groups of the detailed classification are discussed from the viewpoint of numbers and percentages occurring among the admissions, discharges, deaths, resident population and patients out of institutions, for the year 1934. (Table 2). The numerical importance of the twelve main groups in the admissions is shown in the following table (percentages arranged in order of importance for first admissions): See table in the PDF file 5. Certain of the main groups of the detailed classification tend to show high proportions in discharges, deaths or the resident population. The groups constituting more than 1.5 per cent of first admissions align themselves as follows: See table in the PDF file
Baseline levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) and the AvaII polymorphism of the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene influence the response of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to pravastatin treatment
Authors: Carlos Lahoz, Rocío Peña, Jose M. Mostaza, Fernando Laguna, María F. García-Iglesias, Manuel Taboada, Xavier Pintó
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Ternary polyplex micelles with PEG shells and intermediate barrier to complexed DNA cores for efficient systemic gene delivery
Authors: Junjie Li, Qixian Chen, Zengshi Zha, Hui Li, Kazuko Toh, Anjaneyulu Dirisala, Yu Matsumoto, Kensuke Osada, Kazunori Kataoka, Zhishen Ge
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Imaging in biliary obstruction
Authors: Adrian M K Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Mrs Prior was referred for ultrasonography after identification of abnormal liver function.1 Imaging of the liver and biliary tree is a common problem, and advances in ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging have improved our diagnostic ability.2 Ultrasonography is the first investigation for suspected biliary disease. This patient's scan showed stones in the gall bladder and in the lower common bile …
Airway Chemotransduction
Authors: Paul J. Kemp, Anthony Lewis, Matthew E. Hartness, Gavin J. Searle, Paula Miller, Ita O'Kelly, Chris Peers
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

The process of sensing, transducing, and acting on environmental cues is critical to normal physiologic function. Furthermore, dysfunction of this process can lead to the development of disease. This is especially true of the homeostatic mechanisms that have evolved to maintain the carriage of O2 to respiring tissues during acute hypoxic challenge. During periods of reduced O2 availability, three major mechanisms act conjointly to increase ventilation and optimize the ventilation-perfusion ratio throughout the lung by directing pulmonary blood flow to better ventilated areas of the lung. These mechanisms are as follows: (1) increased carotid sinus nerve discharge rate to the respiratory centers of the brain, (2) intrinsic hypoxic vasoconstriction of pulmonary resistance vessels, and (3) potential local and central modulation via stimulation of neuroepithelial bodies of the lung. The key to the rapid response to the O2 signal is the ability of each of these tissues to sense acutely the changes in PO2, to transduce the signal, and for cellular effectors to initiate compensatory mechanisms that will offset rapidly the reduction in PO2 before O2 availability to tissues is compromised. This review concentrates on the signal transduction mechanism that links altered PO2 to depolarization in the recently proposed airway chemosensory element, the neuroepithelial body (and its immortalized cellular counterpart, the H146 cell line), and discusses the pertinent similarities and differences that exist between airway, carotid body, and pulmonary arteriolar O2 sensing.
Effect of miR-142-3p on the M2 Macrophage and Therapeutic Efficacy Against Murine Glioblastoma
Authors: Shuo Xu, Jun Wei, Fei Wang, Ling-Yuan Kong, Xiao-Yang Ling, Edjah Nduom, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Tiffany Doucette, Yuhui Yang, Nasser K. Yaghi, Virginia Fajt, Jonathan M. Levine, Wei Qiao, Xin-Gang Li, Frederick F. Lang, Ganesh Rao, Gregory N. Fuller, George A. Calin, Amy B. Heimberger
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundThe immune therapeutic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the context of tumor-mediated immune suppression has not been previously described for monocyte-derived glioma-associated macrophages, which are the largest infiltrating immune cell population in glioblastomas and facilitate gliomagenesis.
Abuse of Medical Students
Authors: Gregory A. West
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a senior medical student interested in pediatrics, I was disturbed by the comments of Dr Silver. It is professional sycophancy for a pediatrician to compare the effects of physical and psychological violence observed in abused children with the admittedly sobering confrontation of medical students by the realities of their profession. Medical students are indeed abused by these realities (as is the rest of our profession). Students are also subjected to petty abuse by their mentors on occasion, as was amply illustrated in "The Chief" (1981;246:1457). Medical students, however, are not battered or subjected to sexual abuse without recourse. Unlike abused children, medical students are well known for their ability to appreciate abuse and complain. The demands of our profession are abusive, as evidenced by the suicides, substance abuse, divorces, and other family problems among practitioners. The abuse incurred during our training and practice is redemptive, however.
A Second Colloquium on Clinical Problems peculiar to Sport
Authors: J. G. P. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1978)

Very few faults could be found in the text or in the excellent clear graphs and half-tone photographs, but a few points should be noted for the next edition (and I sincerely hope there is one!).On page 33, weight-lifting and throwing events are included with boxing and wrestling as 'contact sports', and on page 138 it is implied that lung damage can ensue from breathing air at depth from a snorkel tube.Apart from these trivial faults, this is a very good and very readable book.I selected it to read to allay the tedium of a long flight, but found it as interesting as a good novel or travel book.
Hepatitis B Virus in the United States: Infection, Exposure, and Immunity Rates in a Nationally Representative Survey
Authors: George N. Ioannou
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Background: Up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, exposure, and immunity are necessary to assess the effectiveness of ongoing programs aimed at preventing HBV transmission. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associations of chronic HBV infection, past exposure, and immunity in the United States from 1999 to 2008. Design: Nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey. Setting: U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population. Participants: 39 787 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999 to 2008) aged 2 years or older. Measurements: Chronic HBV infection was defined by presence of serum HBV surface antigen and past exposure by serum antibody to hepatitis B core antigen among persons aged 6 years or older. Infant immunity was defined by presence of serum antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among children aged 2 years. Results: Among persons aged 6 years or older, 0.27% (95% CI, 0.20% to 0.34%) had chronic HBV infection (corresponding to approximately 704 000 persons nationwide), and 4.6% (CI, 4.1% to 5.0%) had been exposed to HBV (approximately 11 993 000 persons). These estimates are lower (P < 0.001) than estimates of HBV infection (0.42%) and exposure (5.1%) in the United States reported from 1988 to 1994. Infection and past exposure were very uncommon among persons aged 6 to 19 years. Children aged 2 years have high rates of immunity (68.6% [CI, 64.1% to 73.2%]). Adults, including those at high risk for infection, have much lower rates of immunity. Limitations: Incarcerated and homeless persons were not sampled. Categorization of race or ethnicity did not identify high-risk groups, such as persons of Asian and Pacific Islander descent. Conclusion: A cohort of children and adolescents is growing up in the United States with high rates of immunity against HBV and very low rates of infection. Vaccination of high-risk adults should continue to be emphasized. Primary Funding Source: The Veterans Affairs Research Enhancement Award Program.