tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Integrated Psychosomatic Inpatient Unit
Authors: Michael von Rad, Almuth Sellschopp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

In contrast to the liaison psychiatry model, various types of psychosomatic inpatient units have been established successfully especially in Europe. Since Simmel's first attempt, they all use the unique possibility to create a special milieu of psychosomatic understanding and treatment of patients with all kinds of illnesses and somatic diseases. To fulfill this goal, the psychosomatic unit has to rely on three conditions: it must (1) be institution-independent as well as integrated within a large hospital system; (2) provide psycho-therapeutic and somatic care of equally high standard, and (3) have the possibility to keep the patient sometimes for a longer duration than in other (e.g. internal) medical inpatient units. Principles, experiences and results of a psychosomatic unit with 60 beds integrated in a large municipal hospital are presented as an example for this promising approach to modern medicine.
989-58 Plasma Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Level is Increased After Coronary Angioplasty in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tomohiro Sakamoto, Hisao Ogawa, Hisakazu Suefuji, Koichl Kaikita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Systemic absorption of noxythiolin from the pleural cavity in man and in the rabbit.
Authors: F L Rosenfeldt, J R Glover, D Marossy
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Systemic side-effects during irrigation of body cavities with the antiseptic noxythiolin (Noxyflex) have not previously been reported. In two patients undergoing intrapleural lavage with 1% noxythiolin, anorexia and nausea with or without vomiting were observed which suggested systemic absorption. This was confirmed by chemical assays of serum from these patients. The process of absorption was studied in rabbits by injection of noxythiolin into the pleural or peritoneal cavity. Serum levels reached a peak at one to two hours indicating rapid entry into the bloodstream, declined slowly over seven hours, and reached zero before 24 hours. Although side-effects resulted from systemic absorption of noxythiolin during irrigation of the pleural cavity, they were mild and did not contra-indicate the use of noxythiolin as an irrigant. Awareness of the mechanism of side-effects of noxythiolin provides a rational basis for management of symptoms through reduction of the volume or frequency of irrigation.
Abstract 4678: Silencing of <i>TIMELESS</i> induces growth suppression, apoptosis and enhanced cytotoxicity of cisplatin in H157 lung cancer cells
Authors: Kenya Yoshida, Mitsuo Sato, Tetsunari Hase, Tomoyo Oguri, Momen Elshazley, Ryo Yamashita, Masashi Kondo, Yoshinori Hasegawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: TIMELSS (TIM) is a circadian clock gene in Drosophila, but its role in mammals in circadian clock systems is not well-understood. Mammalian TIM is involved in Chk1 activation and intra-S checkpoint through genotoxic stress (Unsal-Kaçmaz et.al, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 27(8), 3131-3142(2007)). TIM is also associated with doxorubicin-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and TIM depletion sensitizes HCT116 colon cancer cells to doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity (Yang et.al, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285(5), 3030-3034(2010)). Mutations in TIM in breast cancer were reported (Sjöblom et.al, Science, 314(5797), 268-274(2006)). Methods and Findings: The mRNA expression levels of TIM in 17 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and 4 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines were analyzed by reverse transcriptase PCR. HCC44, H460, H157 (NSCLC), H146 and H740 (SCLC) expressed higher levels of TIM than cdk4/hTERT-immortalized normal human bronchial epithelial cell line HBEC4. Sequencing analysis of TIM revealed no mutation in 21 lung cancer cell lines. RNAi-mediated knockdown of TIM in H157 suppressed proliferation in WST-1 assay and clonogenic growth in liquid colony formation assay. Western blot analysis revealed increased level of cleaved caspase-3 after TIM-knockdown, suggesting that apoptosis was involved in growth inhibition. TIM-knockdown induced increased sensitivity to cisplatin in drug sensitivity assay using WST-1 (IC50 were 1.70μM and 0.91μM in TIM-knocked down H157 compared to 4.87μM in control). Conclusions: TIM inhibition causes growth suppression, apoptosis and enhanced cytotoxicity of cisplatin. Our results suggest that TIM inhibition has a potential utility in the treatment of lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4678. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4678
CARCINOMA OF THE RECTUM: SOME POINTS ON PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT
Authors: L. E. C. Norbury
Journal: BMJ (1936)

With Special Plate)My observations are based on a study of my patients during the past ten or more years.The majority of these cases have been patients in either the general or private wards of St. Mark's Hospital, where we have a wellorganized " follow-up system," and so the patients are kept under constant supervision.Almost all the specime-ns, whether removed in hospital or elsewhere, have been examined by Dr. Cuthbert Dukes, pathologist to St. Mark's Hospital, and classified according to the now
Copenhagen's challenge
Authors: D. Logie, A. Haines
Journal: BMJ (1995)

should be set in relation to the priorities and constantly reviewed.In other words, the WIHO should follow standard practices followed by effective organisations.Although major reform is unlikely with Nakajima in post, he has begun to prepare the ground for reform.It began in January with important budgetary shifts and the setting up of various working groups, one of which will look at limitations on the terms served by the director general and regional directors and methods of appointing new ones.If the World
Breast Cancer Treatment in Older Women: Does Getting What You Want Improve Your Long-Term Body Image and Mental Health?
Authors: Melissa I. Figueiredo, Jennifer Cullen, Yi-Ting Hwang, Julia H. Rowland, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Little is known about the impact of surgical treatment on body image and health outcomes in older breast cancer patients. The purpose of this article is to evaluate whether concordance between treatment received and treatment preferences predicts posttreatment body image and whether body image, in turn, affects mental health in older women with breast cancer 2 years after treatment.A longitudinal cohort of 563 women who were 67 years old or older and who had stages I and II breast cancer were surveyed by telephone at 3, 12, and 24 months after surgery. All women were clinically eligible for breast conservation. Body image was measured using questions adapted from the Cancer Rehabilitation Evaluation System-Short Form, and mental health was evaluated using a Medical Outcomes Study subscale.Body image was an important factor in treatment decisions for 31% of women. Women who received breast conservation had better body image 2 years after treatment than women who had mastectomies (P <.0001). Women who preferred breast conservation but received mastectomy had the poorest body image. Using generalized estimating equations, we found that body image, in turn, predicted 2-year mental health.Body image is important for many older women, and receiving treatment consistent with preferences about appearance was important in long-term mental health outcomes. Health professionals should elicit preferences about appearance from women and provide treatment choices in concordance with these preferences. Enhancing shared decision making has the potential to improve mental health in older breast cancer survivors.
Current Approaches to the Prediction of Violence
Authors: Carl C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This informative little book, which is a part of the<i>Progress in Psychiatry Series</i>, admirably accomplishes the task of the series, which was designed to present "timely new information in specific fields of interest as they are developing." The introduction gives a comprehensive, well-documented overview of current approaches to the prediction of violence. The multifaceted nature of violence is highlighted. It is emphasized that a reductionistic approach to the prediction of violence is not feasible, as trait (eg, age, gender, neurological competence), state (active mental illness, intoxication), and situational (over-crowding, victim behavior) predictors may all need to be considered for greater prediction accuracy. By limiting predictions to shorter periods and to a specific setting, it is likely that the psychiatrist's ability to predict violence accurately will increase. Chapter 1 presents a very clear, concise model for assessing a patient's short-term potential for violence. The suggestions on how to evaluate a
Child Mortality Estimation: A Comparison of UN IGME and IHME Estimates of Levels and Trends in Under-Five Mortality Rates and Deaths
Authors: Leontine Alkema, Danzhen You
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Background Millennium Development Goal 4 calls for a reduction in the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. In 2011, estimates were published by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). The difference in the U5MR estimates produced by the two research groups was more than 10% and corresponded to more than ten deaths per 1,000 live births for 10% of all countries in 1990 and 20% of all countries in 2010, which can lead to conflicting conclusions with respect to countries' progress. To understand what caused the differences in estimates, we summarised differences in underlying data and modelling approaches used by the two groups, and analysed their effects. Methods and Findings UN IGME and IHME estimation approaches differ with respect to the construction of databases and the pre-processing of data, trend fitting procedures, inclusion and exclusion of data series, and additional adjustment procedures. Large differences in U5MR estimates between the UN IGME and the IHME exist in countries with conflicts or civil unrest, countries with high HIV prevalence, and countries where the underlying data used to derive the estimates were different, especially if the exclusion of data series differed between the two research groups. A decomposition of the differences showed that differences in estimates due to using different data (inclusion of data series and pre-processing of data) are on average larger than the differences due to using different trend fitting methods. Conclusions Substantial country-specific differences between UN IGME and IHME estimates for U5MR and the number of under-five deaths exist because of various differences in data and modelling assumptions used. Often differences are illustrative of the lack of reliable data and likely to decrease as more data become available. Improved transparency on methods and data used will help to improve understanding about the drivers of the differences. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Cell-Cycle Reprogramming for PI3K Inhibition Overrides a Relapse-Specific C481S <i>BTK</i> Mutation Revealed by Longitudinal Functional Genomics in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: David Chiron, Maurizio Di Liberto, Peter Martin, Xiangao Huang, Jeff Sharman, Pedro Blecua, Susan Mathew, Priyanka Vijay, Ken Eng, Siraj Ali, Amy Johnson, Betty Chang, Scott Ely, Olivier Elemento, Christopher E. Mason, John P. Leonard, Selina Chen-Kiang
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Despite the unprecedented clinical activity of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), acquired resistance is common. By longitudinal integrative whole-exome and whole-transcriptome sequencing and targeted sequencing, we identified the first relapse-specific C481S mutation at the ibrutinib binding site of BTK in MCL cells at progression following a durable response. This mutation enhanced BTK and AKT activation and tissue-specific proliferation of resistant MCL cells driven by CDK4 activation. It was absent, however, in patients with primary resistance or progression following transient response to ibrutinib, suggesting alternative mechanisms of resistance. Through synergistic induction of PIK3IP1 and inhibition of PI3K-AKT activation, prolonged early G1 arrest induced by PD 0332991 (palbociclib) inhibition of CDK4 sensitized resistant lymphoma cells to ibrutinib killing when BTK was unmutated, and to PI3K inhibitors independent of C481S mutation. These data identify a genomic basis for acquired ibrutinib resistance in MCL and suggest a strategy to override both primary and acquired ibrutinib resistance.We have discovered the first relapse-specific BTK mutation in patients with MCL with acquired resistance, but not primary resistance, to ibrutinib, and demonstrated a rationale for targeting the proliferative resistant MCL cells by inhibiting CDK4 and the cell cycle in combination with ibrutinib in the presence of BTK(WT) or a PI3K inhibitor independent of BTK mutation. As drug resistance remains a major challenge and CDK4 and PI3K are dysregulated at a high frequency in human cancers, targeting CDK4 in genome-based combination therapy represents a novel approach to lymphoma and cancer therapy. Cancer Discov; 4(9); 1022-35. ©2014 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 973.
Secretoneurin promotes neuroprotection and neuronal plasticity via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in murine models of stroke
Authors: Woei-Cherng Shyu, Shinn-Zong Lin, Ming-Fu Chiang, Der-Cherng Chen, Ching-Yuan Su, Hsiao-Jung Wang, Ren-Shyan Liu, Chang-Hai Tsai, Hung Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Secretoneurin (SN), a neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II, promotes neurite outgrowth of immature cerebellar granule cells. SN also aids in the growth and repair of neuronal tissue, although the precise mechanisms underlying the promotion of brain tissue neuroprotection and plasticity by SN are not understood. Here, in a rat model of stroke and in ischemic human brain tissue, SN was markedly upregulated in both neurons and endothelial cells. SN-mediated neuroprotection rescued primary cortical cell cultures from oxygen/glucose deprivation. SN also induced expression of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL through the Jak2/Stat3 pathway and inhibited apoptosis by blocking caspase-3 activation. In addition, rats with occluded right middle cerebral arteries showed less cerebral infarction, improved motor performance, and increased brain metabolic activity following i.v. administration of SN. Furthermore, SN injection enhanced stem cell targeting to the injured brain in mice and promoted the formation of new blood vessels to increase local cortical blood flow in the ischemic hemisphere. Both in vitro and in vivo, SN not only promoted neuroprotection, but also enhanced neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate that SN acts directly on neurons after hypoxia and ischemic insult to further their survival by activating the Jak2/Stat3 pathway.
Abstract A65: ShcA is required for the TGFβ-induced repression of Chordin-like-1 in ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells
Authors: Jason J. Northey, Zhifeng Dong, Chanele Cyr-Depauw, Sean Cory, Peter M. Siegel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Clinical data and transgenic mouse models have provided clear evidence of a critical role for the adaptor protein ShcA in mammary tumor formation and metastasis downstream of several oncogenes. Indeed, we have demonstrated that stable silencing of ShcA expression in ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells impairs tumor outgrowth and metastasis in vivo. In addition, we have identified a requirement for an intact PTB domain and the three tyrosine residues in ShcA for mediating TGFβ-induced migration and invasion of ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. Together, these observations position the ShcA adaptor as an important signaling node that facilitates cooperation between the ErbB2 and TGFβ signaling pathways in breast cancer progression. To understand how ShcA signaling contributes to TGFβ-induced gene expression changes, we generated a doxycycline-inducible system to deplete ShcA levels from ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. The inducible silencing of ShcA in pre-established ErbB2-positive tumors resulted in impaired tumor cell proliferation and survival in vivo. Gene expressing profiling was then performed on cells with an inducible loss of ShcA expression to identify ShcA-dependent transcriptional responses downstream of active TGFβ and ErbB2 signaling in breast cancer cells. ShcA was found to mediate the suppression of Chordin-like 1, a BMP antagonist. Conditioned media taken from TGFβ-stimulated ErbB2-expressing cells treated with doxycycline to achieve reduced ShcA levels was confirmed to contain increased levels of Chordin-like-1 compared with unstimulated controls. This same conditioned media was efficient at inhibiting the BMP-stimulated phosphorylation of Smad proteins 1/5/8 in ErbB2-expressing cells. Furthermore, this TGFβ upregulation of Chordin-like 1 production resulting from ShcA loss correlated with decreased activation of Smad1/5/8 in ShcA-deficient tumor cells in vivo, and may represent a transcriptional mechanism through which ShcA coordinates ErbB2 and TGFβ initiated tumor growth and invasion. Citation Format: Jason J. Northey, Zhifeng Dong, Chanele Cyr-Depauw, Sean Cory, Peter M. Siegel. ShcA is required for the TGFβ-induced repression of Chordin-like-1 in ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A65.
Reproductive Loss: How Much is Preventable?
Authors: Dorothy Warburton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Increasingly sophisticated analyses of early human embryonic development are expected to provide an estimate of the background rate of chromosomal aberrations. Chromosomal analysis of 23 human preovulatory oocytes suggests up to half may have had an abnormal karyotype. Highly sensitive early pregnancy tests that are positive 7 days after conception are being used to estimate the extent of pregnancy loss that occurs between implantation and the time after the 1st missed menstrual period. Another advance has come from new possibilities of examining the chromosomes of the gametes themselves through in vitro fertilization. Some studies have investigated rates of chromosomal abnormalities in early human conceptions through analysis of eggs remaining unfertilized after attempted in vitro fertilization or analysis of unimplanted embryos. It is important that data on maternal age are reported in detail for studies of chromosomal abnormalities. The frequency of oocytes with more than the haploid chromosome number is estimated to be 2% at age 25 years, 6% at age 35 years, and 18% at age 40 years. Studies of the extent of reproductive failure due to inherent abnormalities in gametes or conceptions will allow assessment of the share of such loss that can be expected to be amenable to medical treatment. It seems clear, however, that some degree of reproductive loss is normal and couples are advised to allot a sufficient time period for childbearing.
RECEPTORS ON IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS
Authors: Joseph M. Davie, Alan S. Rosenthal, William E. Paul
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Guinea pigs immunized with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-guinea pig albumin (DNP-GPA) possess lymphocytes which specifically bind sufficient DNP-GPA-(125)I to their surface to be detected by radioautography. These lymphocytes are present in the draining lymph nodes in a frequency of approximately 50/1000 lymphocytes in animals immunized 2-4 wk earlier with DNP-GPA in complete Freund's adjuvant. Nonimmunized animals have approximately 0.4 DNP-GPA antigen-binding cells (ABC) per 1000 lymphocytes. An increase in the frequency of DNP-GPA ABC in peripheral blood is detectable by 5 days after immunization, which is before the time that serum anti-DNP antibody is measurable. The receptors of these ABC are hapten specific in that free epsilon-DNP-L-lysine, at low concentration, inhibits the binding of DNP-GPA-(125)I; DNP bovine serum alumbin (DNP-BSA) is equivalent to DNP-GPA in the inhibition of binding of DNP-GPA-(125)I to ABC; and both DNP-GPA agarose beads and DNP-BSA agarose beads specifically adsorb DNP-GPA-(125)I ABC. Anti-immunoglobulin antisera, particularly anti-gamma(2) sera, inhibit the binding of DNP-GPA-(125)I to these cells implying that the receptors are immunoglobulin, primarily of the gamma(2) heavy chain class. DNP-GPA-(125)I ABC appear to represent precursors of antibody-secreting cells and have specificity characteristics which are very different from cells, of similarly immunized guinea pigs, which mediate a cellular immune response to DNP-GPA.
Immune predispositions for cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS. The HNRC Group.
Authors: R D Schrier, W R Freeman, C A Wiley, J A McCutchan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

CMV retinitis develops in approximately 28-35% of all AIDS patients at later stages of disease, often leading to blindness. To determine whether the subset of AIDS patients who developed CMV retinitis (CMV-R) were immunologically predisposed, T cell proliferation responses to CMV were examined prospectively in an HIV infected, HLA typed, longitudinal study population. Individuals who developed CMV-R had significantly lower T cell proliferation responses to CMV, both early and late in disease, compared to CD4 matched controls who have not developed CMV-R. Since HLA proteins influence T-cell recognition, phenotypes of 21 CMV-R patients were examined to determine whether certain HLA alleles were associated with low immune response and predisposed AIDS patients to CMV-R. HLA DR7 and B44 were at increased (nearly twice the expected) frequency in those with CMV-R. The combined association of either B44, 51 or DR7 with CMV-R was highly significant (P = .008, relative risk of CMV-R = 15) with correction for multiple comparisons. Low immune responses were twice as frequent in those with (61%) compared to those without (30%) predisposing alleles. Thus, AIDS patients with immunogenetically related hyporesponsiveness to CMV antigens may be at increased risk of retinitis.
Parity, Oral Contraceptives, and the Risk of Ovarian Cancer among Carriers and Noncarriers of a<i>BRCA1</i>or<i>BRCA2</i>Mutation
Authors: Baruch Modan, Patricia Hartge, Galit Hirsh-Yechezkel, Angela Chetrit, Flora Lubin, Uzi Beller, Gilad Ben-Baruch, Amiram Fishman, Joseph Menczer, Jeffery P. Struewing, Margaret A. Tucker, Sara M. Ebbers, Eitan Friedman, Benjamin Piura, Sholom Wacholder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Multiparity and the use of oral contraceptives reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but their effects on this risk in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation are unclear.
Measurement of serum proteins during attacks of ulcerative colitis as a guide to patient management.
Authors: N A Buckell, J E Lennard-Jones, M A Hernandez, J Kohn, P G Riches, J Wadsworth
Journal: Gut (1979)

Serial measurements of 11 serum proteins have been made throughout 39 admissions of 36 patients to hospital for the treatment of acute attacks of ulcerative colitis. There was a striking correlation between rapid changes in C-reactive protein and pre-albumin concentrations and the clinical response to medical treatment. Measurements of the alpha1-acid glycoprotein, albumin, and total serum protein concentrations at the time of admission were found to correlate with the outcome of the attack. Measurement of these proteins provides a useful guide to the management of patients with attacks of ulcerative colitis.