tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P452Antibodies to advanced glycation end products and development of vascular injury in diabetics with essential hypertension
Authors: A Nikolov, I Tsinlikov, G Nicoloff, I Tsinlikova, A Blazhev, A Garev
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: The tissue accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) alters the structure and function of long-lived proteins. A number of studies have shown that tissue accumulation of AGEs correlates with the severity of diabetic complications. Proteins containing AGEs are highly immunogenic and anti-AGEs antibodies were found in sera of diabetic rats and human. Methods: Considering the potential use of anti-AGE antibodies as a marker of AGEs deposition during diabetes, we have investigated, by competitive ELISA, the presence of anti-AGEs antibodies in sera of 93 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) (mean age 61,4±11,3 years, diabetes duration 9,88±3,12 years; hypertension duration 9,28±4,98). These values were compared to serum antibodies to AGEs in 42 age and sex matched controls. Diabetics were divided in two groups according to presence- Group 1 (n=67) or absence- Group 2 (n=26) of microangiopathy. Results: Serum anti-AGEs antibodies levels in patients with T2DM and AH were statistically significantly higher that these in control group (1.390±0.394 vs. 1.184±0.325) F=4.72, P=0.03. Group 1 showed significantly higher levels of anti-AGEs antibodies than healthy controls (1.399±0.376 vs. 1.184±0.325) F=4,75 P=0.03. Anti-AGEs antibodies levels are highest in patients with vascular complications than these in all other groups. Antibodies against AGEs correlate with systolic blood pressure (r=0.17); (p=0.05), BMI (r=0.25); (p=0.01), total cholesterol (r=0.19); (p=0.04). In our study we found higher precentege of positive patients for anti-AGEs antibodies (mean+2SD) in patients from Group 1 than Group 2. Six patients from 43 (14%) with microalbuminuria were positive for anti-AGEs antibodies, compared to 3 from 26 (10%) of patients without complications. Five patients from 20 (25%) with retinopathy were positive for AGE-antibodies ,while 4 from 26 (15%) in Group 2 were positive. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study showed that investigation of the levels of anti-AGEs antibodies might be associated with higher risk for development of vascular wall damage and severity of diabetic late complications.
Effect of unsupervised home based proprioceptive training on recurrences of ankle sprain: randomised controlled trial
Authors: M. D W Hupperets, E. A L M Verhagen, W. v. Mechelen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of an unsupervised proprioceptive training programme on recurrences of ankle sprain after usual care in athletes who had sustained an acute sports related injury to the lateral ankle ligament. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial, with one year follow-up. <b>Setting</b> Primary care. <b>Participants</b> 522 athletes, aged 12-70, who had sustained a lateral ankle sprain up to two months before inclusion; 256 (120 female and 136 male) in the intervention group; 266 (128 female and 138 male) in the control group. <b>Intervention</b> Both groups received treatment according to usual care. Athletes allocated to the intervention group additionally received an eight week home based proprioceptive training programme. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Self reported recurrence of ankle sprain. <b>Results</b> During the one year follow-up, 145 athletes reported a recurrent ankle sprain: 56 (22%) in the intervention group and 89 (33%) in the control group. Nine athletes needed to be treated to prevent one recurrence (number needed to treat). The intervention programme was associated with a 35% reduction in risk of recurrence. Cox regression analysis showed significantly fewer recurrent ankle sprains in the intervention than in the control group. This effect was found for self reported recurrent ankle sprains (relative risk 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.88), recurrent ankle sprains leading to loss of sports time (0.53, 0.32 to 0.88), and recurrent ankle sprains resulting in healthcare costs or lost productivity costs (0.25, 0.12 to 0.50). No significant differences were found between medically treated athletes in the intervention group and medically treated controls. Athletes in the intervention group who were not medically treated had a significantly lower risk of recurrence than controls who were not medically treated. <b>Conclusions</b> The use of a proprioceptive training programme after usual care of an ankle sprain is effective for the prevention of self reported recurrences. This proprioceptive training was specifically beneficial in athletes whose original sprain was not medically treated. <b>Trial registration</b> ISTRCN34177180
Thomas Latta, What Have We Done? — The Hazards of Intravenous Therapy
Authors: Richard J. Duma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Although Harvey discovered the circulation in 1616, it was not until 216 years later, in 1832, that fluids for infusion, or large-volume parenterals, were first administered intravenously. During the cholera epidemic that swept Europe in the late 1820's, Thomas Latta, a practicing physician in Leith, Scotland, rescued a number of cholera victims by infusing into their veins several pounds or more of water containing 2 drachms of muriate and 2 scruples of carbonate of soda per 60 ounces of water.1 It is now 144 years since Latta's marvelous discovery, and the "blessings" of such therapy continue to flow. In 1973, . . .
Selection for fixation and selection for orthographic processing need not coincide
Authors: Albrecht W. Inhoff, Kelly Shindler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

The E-Z Reader model assumes that the parafoveal selection for fixation and the subsequent selection for attention allocation encompass the same spatially distinct letter cluster. Recent data suggest, however, that an individual letter sequence is selected for fixation and that more than one letter sequence can be selected for attention allocation (processing).
A clinical syndrome characteristic of primary Type IV-V hyperlipoproteinaemia
Authors: PETER BORRIE, JOAN SLACK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Ten patients with a recognizable clinical syndrome are described. All were men who were overweight and presented with eruptive xanthomata. All were found to have turbid serum with increased prebetalipoprotein. The post-heparin lipolytic activity was low in the eight patients in which it was measured. Five were diabetic and five had uric acid levels above 7 mg/100 ml. The presence of chylomicrons was variable and the electrophoretic pattern showed Type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia in some patients and Type V in others. Some patients, while consuming a ‘normal Western diet’, produced both patterns at different times.
QTC PROLONGATION CORRELATES WITH PLASMA ETHYLIDENE-1.5-DIMETHYL-3.3-DIPHENYLPYRROLIDENE (EDDP) AMONG SUBJECTS INITIATING METHADONE MAINTENANCE THERAPY
Authors: John Carlquist, David Moody, Eric Johnson, Marian Jacobsen, John Huntinghouse, Jeffrey Rollo, Stacey Knight, Wenfang Fang, Dawn Niemann, Mark Morgan, J. Muhlestein, Jeffrey Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Chronic Osteomyelitis
Authors: SABAH S. TUMEH, PIRAN ALIABADI, STEVEN E. SELTZER, BARBARA N. WEISSMAN, BARBARA J. MCNEIL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

We evaluated the relative contribution of transmission computed tomograms (CT), plain radiographs, and bone/gallium scans in the diagnosis of 27 patients with suspected active chronic osteomyelitis. All patients were imaged with all modalities and had surgical proof of the presence or absence of disease. At surgery, osteomyelitis was shown to be active in 20 patients, 15 of whom had sequestra, and inactive in the remaining seven. CT depicted all 15 sequestra, but was falsely positive in three patients, all of whom had bone remodeling only and had negative bone/gallium scintiscans. Plain radiographs had a limited value; they detected sequestra, which was the only findings to indicate the presence of active disease, in 5 patients out of the 15 with surgical proof thereof. The authors conclude that, considering the shortcoming of other modalities with regard to depicting sequestra, scintigraphy is helpful in confirming the presence or absence of active disease and therefore in preventing unnecessary surgery.
Reduced Folate Carrier and Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase, but not Thymidylate Synthase Predict Survival in Pemetrexed-Treated Patients Suffering from Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Fabian Mairinger, Claudia Vollbrecht, Iris Halbwedl, Martina Hatz, Elvira Stacher, Christian Gülly, Franz Quehenberger, Susann Stephan-Falkenau, Jens Kollmeier, Andreas Roth, Thomas Mairinger, Helmut Popper
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
102 THE ART OF DECISION MAKING: RETREATMENT WITH TACE IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: W. Sieghart, F. Hucke, M. Pinter, I. Graziadei, W. Vogel, C. Müller, H. Heinzl, M. Trauner, M. Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Chronic Asthma–induced Airway Remodeling Is Prevented by Toll-like Receptor-7/8 Ligand S28463
Authors: Pierre Camateros, Meiyo Tamaoka, Muhannad Hassan, Rafael Marino, Jacques Moisan, Dominique Marion, Marie-Christine Guiot, James G. Martin, Danuta Radzioch
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease, the pathology of which is a result of improper immune responses to innocuous antigens. We and others have previously shown that one of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7/8 ligands, the synthetic compound S28463 (resiquimod, R-848), is able to inhibit acute allergic asthma in mice.Objectives: Given that the efficiency of this pharmacologic compound against the smooth muscle mass increase and goblet cell hyperplasia that are characteristic of chronic allergic asthma has not been previously assessed, we investigated the ability of this compound to prevent these aspects of chronic airway remodeling.Methods: The impact of S28463 treatment was assessed in a Brown Norway rat model of chronic asthma by histologic, morphometric, and molecular techniques.Measurements and Main Results: We demonstrate that treatment with S28463 is able to prevent the development of goblet cell hyperplasia and increases in airway smooth muscle mass, and that this effect is at least partially mediated by inhibiting proliferation of goblet and smooth muscle cells, respectively. Furthermore, we show that the abrogation of airway remodeling is preceded by inhibition of the inflammatory reaction normally occurring in response to allergen challenge in sensitized animals. This inhibition was associated with a reduction of both helper T cell type 1 and type 2 cytokine protein expression in the lungs, demonstrating the potent antiinflammatory effect of this pharmaceutical compound in the context of allergic reactions.Conclusions: Taken together, our results indicate great potential for the use of S28463 as an antiinflammatory therapeutic agent for the management of chronic asthma.
Recombinant human erythropoietin use in hemolytic anemia due to prosthetic heart valves: A promising treatment
Authors: Samit Hirawat, Stuart M. Lichtman, Steven L. Allen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Two patients are reported with hemolytic anemia due to red blood cell fragmentation in association with prosthetic heart vales. They were treated with erythropoietin which eliminated the need for packed red blood cell transfusion. Am. J. Hematol. 66:224–226, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
TIME ELEMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF DRUG ADDICTION
Authors: M. J. PESCOR
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

1. Custom has established six months as the minimum and nine months as the ideal period of treatment for drug addicts admitted to the U. S. Public Health Service Hospital in Lexington, Ky. 2. The minimum standard has been justified, to a certain extent, by investigations carried on at the hospital which reveal that drug addicts do not regain complete physiological normality for approximately six months after withdrawal from drugs. 3. Follow-up studies made on 335 patients who were admitted to the hospital during the fiscal year, 1936-37, fail to show any statistically significant relationship between the duration of treatment and the efficacy of treatment.
Abstract 5150: Differential epigenetic regulation of sonic hedgehog GLI1 on downstream target genes in medulloblastoma and astrocytomas
Authors: Mehdi H. Shahi, Xing Fan, Subrata Sinha, Mohammad Afzal, Charles Eberhart, Javier S. Castresana
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in astrocytic tumorigenesis has not been as thoroughly investigated as in medulloblastoma. We have attempted to understand the regulatory status of GLI1, the immediate activator of Shh signaling pathway on its downstream target genes PTCH1, Cyclin D2, Plakoglobin, NKX2.2 and PAX6. We attempted to correlate the expression pattern of GLI1 and its regulated genes in 14 cell lines (8 of astrocytoma and 6 of medulloblastoma) and 41 primary samples (27 astrocytomas and 14 medulloblastomas). We also determined the promoter methylation of Cyclin D2 and PTCH1 in the 14 cell lines and in a total of 58 primary samples (44 astrocytomas and 14 medulloblastomas). The dependence of the GLI1 modulated genes on expression of GLI1 was confirmed by knockdown experiments with the help of GLI1-siRNA. We also found that Shh-GLI1 signaling shows different patterns of regulation of downstream target genes in medulloblastomas and astrocytomas: Cyclin D2 and Plakoglobin were upregulated in medulloblastoma but downregulated in astrocytoma; however, PAX6 and NKX2.2 showed over all a low expression pattern of expression in both tumors. However, in several cell lines (A172, SW1783, T98G, CCF-STTG-1 and GOS-3), exposure to both 5-Aza-2′deoxycytidine and Trichostatin A increased the expression of the GLI1 downstream target gene Cyclin D2 (p=0.0014). These results were verified by promoter methylation studies in the 14 cell lines and the 58 primary samples. Our promoter methylation studies revealed a significant number of astrocytoma cell lines (63%) and primary astrocytomas (32%) showing that methylation of Cyclin D2 related to its own level of expression; something that did not occur in medulloblastoma. Compared to Cyclin D2, PTCH1 promoter methylation did not influence on PTCH1 expression in the cell lines and tumor samples. Our results demonstrate that Shh-GLI1 signaling acts differentially for the regulation of target genes in medulloblastoma and astrocytoma. Secondly, PTCH1 and Cyclin D2 are under epigenetic regulation besides the transcriptional regulation exerted by GLI1. This finding may open new ways for treating patients by demethylating agents. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5150.
HYPOCHLOROUS SOLUTION ELECTRICALLY PRODUCED FROM HYPERTONIC SALINE AS A DISINFECTANT FOR SEPTIC WOUNDS: AND FOR THE THROAT IN DIPHTHERIA, SCARLET FEVER, ETC
Authors: J. M. Beattie, F. C. Lewis, G. W. Gee
Journal: BMJ (1917)

4,J IErDICAL JOUNRAL]ELECTRICALLY PRODUCED HYPOCHLOROUS SOLUTION.[FEB. 2, 1 with organic valvular disease found amongst the soldiers under note, who were all put forward with a view to dis- charge from the army, represent nearly 7 per cent.-almostidentical with the percentage found in the report men- tioned above.If cases of myocardial disease and organic valvular disease be taken tog,etlher tlle proportion reaches 10 per cent.
SOME SUGGESTIONS REGARDING A DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL HYGIENE.
Authors: LEIGH K. BAKER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

<h3>Definition.</h3> —From Dr. William H. Burnham, professor of school hygiene at Clark University School for Teachers, I have received this very good general definition of school hygiene. "School hygiene has to do with the conditions which favor the normal healthy development of children, so far as determined by school environment—school sanitation—and school programs, sequence of studies, text-books, and methods of study and instruction—hygiene of instruction." <h3>Rationale.</h3> —Quoting from a former paper, I will again cite the fact that those nations which have exercised a powerful and elevating influence have been and are those which have exercised a care for the health of their citizens. Within fifty years indisputable evidence has induced nation after nation to recognize the value of sanitary science as the preserver of national health and wealth, as well as elemental to military success. In a democracy self-preservation demands an educated citizenship. This underlying principle allows the state
Prothrombin Time for Detection of Contaminated Heparins
Authors: Susanne Alban, Susanne Lühn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

These authors report on the use of prothrombin time to detect OSCS contamination in both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins. At concentrations of 5 _6;g per milliliter or less, contaminated unfractionated heparin, but not unfractionated heparin, shortened the prothrombin time.
Operating Room Guide to Cross Sectional Anatomy of the Extremities and Pelvis
Authors: Angela D. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This novel loose-leaf volume is an operating room guide for external fixation. The removable, laminated pages are designed to be a "practical aid to the surgeon." In addition to physicians who are involved in applying external fixation devices to the long bones and the pelvis, radiologists and anesthesiologists may find this volume useful. The drawings are schematic, with too little detail for use in classic gross anatomy courses, but may be useful in less comprehensive curricula. The depictions of pelvic anatomy are particularly simple—even the bony detail is minimal. These simplified drawings will be valuable in the operating room, particularly when one is faced with severely comminuted fractures or severe softtissue trauma that requires an unfamiliar approach for external fixation. Surgeons who are beginning to use the Ilizarov technique of multiple transfixing wires will find comfort in the suggested possibilities for safest locations for wire placement. The illustrations include
The Use of Ambulatory Testing in Prepaid and Fee-for-Service Group Practices
Authors: Arnold M. Epstein, Colin B. Begg, Barbara J. McNeil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Abstract To examine the influence of method of payment on ambulatory testing by internists, we compared the rate at which patients with uncomplicated hypertension were tested by 10 doctors practicing in large fee-for-service groups with that by 17 doctors in large prepaid groups. We examined the use of individual tests and asked the doctors in the fee-for-service groups what they believed about the profitability and costs of tests. After correcting for the patient's age, sex, duration of disease, and severity of disease as measured by pretreatment blood pressure, and for the doctor's year of medical school graduation, we found that 50 percent more electrocardiograms were obtained among patients in fee-for-service practices (0.69 per patient per year vs. 0.45, P = 0.006), and 40 percent more chest radiographs (0.49 vs. 0.35, P = 0.11). Fee-for-service doctors believed that both tests were associated with high profit and costs. These results suggest that the use of certain high-profit, high-cost tests is higher in large fee-for-service groups than in large prepaid groups. Although the generalizability of conclusions based on this limited study must be considered tentative, the findings suggest that it may be appropriate to consider changing the payments for tests as part of a more general reform of the fee schedules. (N Engl J Med 1986; 314:1089–94.)
Eight darmarane-type saponins isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng
Authors: Kaunda Joseph Sakah, Tao Wang, Lili Liu, Yue Chen, Lifeng Han, Yi Zhang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

Eight darmarane-type saponins, named as sanchirhinoside D (1), 3β,6α-20(S)-6,20-bis(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxy dammar-24-en-12-one (2), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (3), ginsenosides F2 (4) and Rd (5), gypenoside XVII (6), ginsenosides Rb1 (7) and ginsenoside V (8) were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of Panax notoginseng roots by silica gel, octadecyl silane (ODS) column chromatography and HPLC, and identified by chemical and physical methods, especially by spectral analysis. Among them, 1 was a new compound and 2 was a new natural product.
Physicians call for stronger action on smoking 50 years on from key report
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Substantial progress has been made in the 50 years since the Royal College of Physicians published its seminal report Smoking and Health , but the college says that much more can and must be done.

The 1962 report stated that smoking caused lung cancer and was linked to other diseases and started a major shift in public attitudes to smoking. The college is marking the anniversary this week with a conference and new report, Fifty Years since “Smoking and Health”: Progress, Lessons and Priorities for a Smoke-Free UK .

Back in 1962 “there were swirling clouds of smoke in pubs, cinemas, trains, buses, on the streets and even in hospitals and schools. Around 70% of men and 40% of women smoked. Smoking was omnipresent, accepted, established,” the new report says.

Since then there have been many changes in public policy, including a ban on smoking in public places, a ban on tobacco advertising and …
REDUCED INCIDENCE OF PROSTHESIS–PATIENT MISMATCH AND ITS SEQUELAE IN TRANSCATHETER VERSUS SURGICAL VALVE REPLACEMENT IN HIGH–RISK PATIENTS WITH SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS: A PARTNER TRIAL COHORT A ANALYSIS
Authors: Philippe Pibarot, Neil Weissman, William Stewart, Rebecca Hahn, Irene Hueter, Susheel Kodali, Michael Mack, Vinod Thourani, Craig Miller, Lars Svensson, Howard Herrmann, Craig Smith, Pamela Douglas, Martin Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Arthroscopic meniscal tear surgery is no better than sham surgery, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Arthroscopic surgery to repair a meniscal tear is no better than sham surgery in improving knee pain in patients with a degenerative meniscal tear and no knee arthritis, show results from a randomised controlled trial that questioned the use of this common procedure for this type of knee problem.

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is one of the commonest orthopaedic procedures, yet rigorous evidence of its effectiveness has so far been lacking, said the Finnish research group that carried out the trial.

The procedure aims to relieve symptoms attributed to a tear in …
MONTHLY PROBLEM IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE
Authors: Allan L. Lorincz
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Dermatological disorders account for an estimated 10 to 15 per cent of everyday medical practice. Thus, practically all physicians are confronted with cutaneous problems which afflict their patients, often conspicuously torturing them or ruining their lives. Moreover, cutaneous changes properly detected and interpreted can frequently provide the key to puzzling medical diagnostic problems. It is also significant that 13.8 per cent of the queries in the Questions and Answers section ofThe Journalhave dermatological implications.  In sharp contrast to this great need in medical practice for elementary knowledge of dermatology, the curricula of many medical schools even today so neglect cutaneous medical teaching that their graduates are prepared with little more than common lay misconceptions about the skin, its disorders, and the principles of their management or prevention.  Sulzberger, 1 a number of years ago, elegantly catalogued, analyzed, and debunked the more common and damaging of the misconceptions about