tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Resting Metabolic Rate in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Eric T. Poehlman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 May 1995Increased Resting Metabolic Rate in Congestive Heart FailureEric T. Poehlman, Stephen S. Gottlieb, and Peter VaitekeviciusEric T. PoehlmanUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201.Search for more papers by this author, Stephen S. GottliebUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201.Search for more papers by this author, and Peter VaitekeviciusUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Singh and Musialek suggest that patients with heart failure should be stratified on the basis of disease severity and cardiac output and then that it should be determined whether the resting metabolic rate varies among patients with New York Heart Association class II to IV heart disease. In our initial study, however, this question could not be rigorously addressed because of the limited number (n = 4) of patients with functional class IV disease. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to adequately address whether the degree of cardiac compensation is related to abnormalities in energy ...REFERENCE1. Poehlman ET, Melby C, Badylak S. Relation of age and physical exercise status with metabolic rate in younger and older healthy men. J Gerontol. 1991; 46:B54-58. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1995Volume 122, Issue 10Page: 800KeywordsBioenergeticsCardiovascular therapyHeart diseasesHeart failureHeart rateIngestionLongitudinal studiesMetabolic disordersNutritionWeight loss ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia Demonstrated by Tl-201 SPECT/CT
Authors: Wei-Ning Du, Daw-Guey Tsay, Chin Hu, Hsuan-Ming Su, Kuan-Hsiu Lin, Nan-Jing Peng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

We report a case of intrathoracic renal ectopia that was incidentally discovered on Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy. An 83-year-old man presented with atypical chest pain for 1 month. Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy revealed a large thallium-avid mass in the right hemithorax. Ancillary single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography demonstrated the mass to be an ectopic kidney. Intrathoracic renal ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly, which is typically asymptomatic. To our best knowledge, this is a rare case of intrathoracic renal ectopia discovered on Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy and demonstrated by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography.
Abstract 2330: MMP-2 regulates Rac1- and Cdc42-mediated cell migration via integrin αVβ3/FAK in U87 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines
Authors: Chandramu Chetty, Sajani S. Lakka, Praveen Bhoopathi, Daniel Fassett, Jeffrey D. Klopfenstein, Dzung H. Dinh, Meena Gujrati, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gliomas, the most common form of brain tumors, are characterized by a capacity to invade through normal brain tissue. This infiltrative character is the hallmark of poor prognosis. A greater understanding of the molecular determinants that drive cell motility may lead to improved therapy. The molecules of the extracellular matrix are involved in organization of the cytoskeleton and activation of intracellular signaling that is required for the regulation of cell adhesion and migration. Here, we show that the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2; gelatinase A) using an adenoviral vector expressing siRNA (Ad-MMP-2-Si) inhibited cell migration in U87 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines as determined by spheroid migration and wound-healing assays. Transcriptional inactivation of MMP-2 altered interaction of MMP-2 and the integrin-αVβ3 as determined by immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies. In addition, downregulation of MMP-2 inhibited the complex formation of FAK, integrin-αVβ3 and 14-3-3ζ, which in turn decreased the activation of GTP-bound forms of Rac1 and Cdc42. Transfection of the cells with constitutively active Rac1 and Cdc42 reversed Ad-MMP-2-Si-blocked cell migration and gelatin degrading. Further, administration of recombinant human MMP-2 reversed MMP-2 siRNA-inhibited GTP-bound forms of Rac1 and Cdc42. Additionally, functionally blocking integrin-αVβ3 antibody inhibited GTP-bound forms of Rac1 and Cdc42, thereby revealing that the interaction of MMP-2 and integrin-αVβ3 plays a critical role in cell migration. In summary, our data demonstrate that the inhibition of MMP-2 inhibits integrin-αVβ3/FAK-mediated migration by reducing the GTP-bound forms of Rac1 and Cdc42 in U87 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2330.
The eccentricities of osteopathy
Authors: Wendy Moore
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The medical world can boast more than its fair share of eccentrics. But few come more eccentric than Andrew Taylor Still (1828-1917), the founder of osteopathy, who made his name riding the Wild West with a sack of bones slung over his shoulder.

Born in Virginia, the son of a Methodist minister, Still enjoyed little formal schooling; his classroom was the great outdoors. Like other medical autodidacts, he favoured the “book of nature” over printed works. Growing up in Missouri, he studied anatomy from the animals he hunted and dissected. In his lively autobiography he described frontier …
Abstract 576: Novel compounds from Allspice (Pimenta dioica) inhibit breast cancer growth by autophagy induction
Authors: Lei Zhang, Shamaladevi Nagarajarao, Bal L. Lokeshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Breast Cancer (BrCa) ranks second as cause of cancer death in women, causing 40,000 deaths in 2010. Recent studies have shown that novel plant-derived compounds used as dietary chemopreventive agents prolong survival and reduce breast cancer deaths. Lack of mechanism of action and limited bioavailability are the leading concerns for adopting natural dietary compounds as chemopreventive or adjuvant therapeutic agents against breast and other cancers. We identified several likely anti-cancer compounds from water extract of Allspice, the unripe berries of Pimenta dioica (Jamaican pepper). The compounds limit the growth of breast cancer cells by novel mechanism and may synergize with main-stream cancer therapeutics. Methods: An aqueous extract of Certified-organic Allspice (AAE) was prepared and a solution of suitable strength was tested on several BrCa cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB231, SKBr3) for potential inhibition of proliferation, autophagy and estrogen-receptor inactivation using commonly used analytical techniques. Potential effect on estrogen receptor levels and transcriptional activities were determined using quantitative-real time PCR, promoter luciferase assay and immunoblotting. Results: AAE reduced the viability and clonogenic growth of BrCa cells (IC50α100μg/ml) with limited activity (50% less toxicity in quiescent cells). AAE induced cell-death was only associated with several characteristics of autophagy, including increase in acidic vesicular organelle content, levels of GFP-LC3-positive puncta, and LC3-II protein level. Knockdown of ATG-7 gene expression by siRNA partially prevented AAE-induced cell death by 40%. Autophagy was induced by Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress but not changes in ATP levels. Further, AAE caused inhibition of mTOR signaling pathway and enhanced cytotoxicity combined with mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin. Furthermore, AAE reduced Estrogen Receptor-α protein as well mRNA levels in ERα positive-BrCa cell lines MCF-7 and T47D. The decrease in ERα protein level was only partially rescued by proteasome inhibitor MG132, indicating AAE accelerates ERα protein degradation. Activity based purification combined with chemical identification strategies resulted in identification of one compound Ericifolin, and several compounds in a highly enriched fraction exhibiting same properties as that of AAE. Conclusion: We showed the anti-cancer effects of aqueous extract of Allspice on BrCa cells, which includes anti-proliferation by inducting autophagy after AAE treatment and ERα downregulation which has promising clinical application for BrCa treatment. [Grant Support: R01 CA156776-01and Sylvester Cancer Center (BLL)]. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 576. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-576
COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY INCLUDING EXCLUSIVE INVOLVEMENT OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGIST IN THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS DECREASES DOOR-TO-BALLOON TIME IN STEMI
Authors: Daming Zhu, Nowwar G. Mustafa, Angela Hoban, Dan Murphy, Susan King, Maria Albert, William S. Weintraub, Ehsanur Rahman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Excessive Doses of Opium.
Authors: Caleb Brown
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Sac City, Iowa, May 24, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am collecting material for a paper on excessive doses of opium in children, either administered as medicine or taken accidentally. Any readers of theJournalwho may have seen such cases in their practice, or met them in any other way, will confer a great favor by sending me an outline of the case with prominent points. In all such cases proper acknowledgment will be made and due credit given. Yours very truly,
'Wet-wrap' dressings for the treatment of atopic eczema in children
Authors: H.M. Goodyear, K. Spowart, J.I. Harper
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article 'Wet‐wrap' dressings for the treatment of atopic eczema in children Get access H.M. Goodyear, H.M. Goodyear Department of Dermatology, The Hospitals for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street and Queen Flizabeth Hospital For Children London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Spowart, K. Spowart Department of Dermatology, The Hospitals for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street and Queen Flizabeth Hospital For Children London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.I. Harper J.I. Harper Department of Dermatology, The Hospitals for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street and Queen Flizabeth Hospital For Children London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue 6, 1 December 1991, Page 604, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14807.x Published: 01 December 1991
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON COLLECTIVE INVESTIGATION CONCERNING THE OCULAR MUSCLES
Authors: LUCIEN HOWE
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Last year this Committee made only a preliminary report, the substance of which was that considering the clinical importance of the subject, the confusion of our data concerning it, and the necessity of a thorough acquaintance with anatomy and physiology as a basis of clinical work, it was deemed advisable to devote at least a year or two to questions which still remain unsolved concerning the anatomy and physiology of the ocular muscles. We agreed to call a pair of eyes normal when the vision of each was = 6/6 or better, when the manifest ametropia did not exceed 0.75, and the owners of the eyes never had suffered from any asthenopic symptoms. In asking for studies on the muscles of such eyes, we were careful to avoid theories, to ask only for demonstrations which could be seen or photographed if desired, or for results which could be expressed in figures.
Abstract ADV01: National Cervical Cancer Coalition.
Authors: Michele Appel-Prigo
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The National Cervical Cancer Coalition (NCCC) was founded in 1996 as a grass-roots non-profit dedicated to serving women with, or at risk for, cervical cancer and HPV disease. In 2011 the NCCC merged with the American Social Health Association (ASHA). Since the early 1900s, ASHA has been educating and raising awareness on sexual health issues. The NCCC coordinates outreach efforts with healthcare providers, bio tech firms, cancer researchers, and hospitals. These efforts include low and no-cost screening programs, vaccination information, psychological support to women, family members, friends, and caregivers to those currently seeking treatment, survivors, and those who have lost loved ones. Citation Format: Michele Appel-Prigo. National Cervical Cancer Coalition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr ADV01. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-ADV01
IRON METABOLISM IN THE PORPHYRIAS
Authors: Adam Turnbull
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article IRON METABOLISM IN THE PORPHYRIAS Get access Adam Turnbull Adam Turnbull The London Hospital London, EI IBB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 4, 1 April 1971, Pages 380–383, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14237.x Published: 01 April 1971
Physiology of blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A transesophageal echocardiographic study.
Authors: R F Redberg, K J Tucker, T J Cohen, J P Dutton, M L Callaham, N B Schiller
Journal: Circulation (1993)

There are two competing theories of the mechanism of blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The "cardiac pump" theory postulates that blood flows because the heart is squeezed between the sternum and the spine. The "thoracic pump" theory postulates that blood flows from the thorax because intrathoracic pressure exceeds extrathoracic vascular pressure and that flow is restricted to the venous-to-arterial direction because of venous valves that prevent retrograde flow at the thoracic inlet. To determine which mechanism is operative during actual cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 20 patients were imaged with transesophageal echocardiography during resuscitation.Transesophageal two-dimensional and pulse Doppler echocardiography was begun within 7 minutes of initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the 18 patients who could be analyzed, the mitral valve opened during the release phase (diastole) and closed during the compression phase (systole) of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Mitral velocity-time integral measured 8 +/- 3 cm during diastole. There was compression of right and left ventricular cavities with significant reduction in measured left ventricular volume during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In five patients, mitral regurgitation was present.Transesophageal echocardiography performed during actual cardiopulmonary resuscitation showing mitral valve opening during cardiac release, reduction of ventricular cavity size with compression, and atrioventricular regurgitation support the cardiac pump theory of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Incidence of postmenopausal symptoms and current mamagement: a survey of 260 breast cancer patients.
Authors: T Petrella, J Fralick, G Dranitsaris, M Clemons, S Gandhi, S Verma, R Dent
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3117 Background: The advent of newer and more efficacious adjuvant treatments has allowed women to live longer without cancer recurrence. However these treatments often prematurely induce menopause, worsen menopausal symptoms and may have long-term effects on postmenopausal health. The objectives of this study were to examine the incidence of post-menopausal symptoms and how such symptoms are currently being managed outside of a clinical trial setting, in order to better facilitate patient care. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 260 postmenopausal breast cancer patients assessing treatment-induced side effects, how patients were monitored and patient follow-up. Descriptive statistics were used to describe results. Parametric and non-parametric inferential statistics were used in an exploratory analysis to compare post-menopausal symptoms between patient subgroups. Results: Of the 260 patients, 48% percent received endocrine therapy, 17.7% received chemotherapy and 26.2% were not on any therapy at the time of this study. The most common reported symptom was hot flashes (49.2%). Other common reported symptoms were difficulty sleeping (44.6%), weight gain (35.9%), memory problems (33.1%), and vaginal dryness (32.7%). Statistically significant correlations were identified between the use of aromatase inhibitors and the development of hypercholesterolemia and osteopenia. In contrast, the use of tamoxifen was significantly associated with the occurrence of vaginal symptoms such as dryness, itching and bleeding. Majority of patients were also monitored by their family physician with cholesterol monitoring (84%) and bone densitometry (68.1%) either yearly or every two years. Though most patients (83.5%) felt that their medical oncologist should monitor their breast cancer, they preferred to discuss their endocrine symptoms with their family physician (57.9%). Conclusions: The incidence and association of symptoms reported were consistent with the current literature. The management of long-term consequences of breast cancer therapies is going to remain a major part of our role as medical oncologists. However, involvement of family physicians in management of symptoms seems to be preferred by many patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3117.
Anesthesia and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors-Reply
Authors: Carol A. Hirshman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  Dr Gevirtz's letter expresses the traditional sentiment regarding discontinuation of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) 2 to 3 weeks prior to elective surgery because of cardiovascular instability and central nervous system dysfunction during anesthesia. However, a growing awareness of the relative safety of these agents has led several authors to question this policy. 1-3   In the past, many classes of drugs, including β-blockers and calcium channel blockers, have been discontinued in patients prior to elective surgery. In most cases, this practice stemmed from isolated case reports of adverse reactions in patients in uncontrolled circumstances. This practice did not withstand controlled scientific studies and, currently, virtually all long-term medications, with the exception of MAOIs, are routinely continued in the perioperative period. We believe that it is now time to reevaluate our past opinions with regard to MAOIs.  Although a wealth of scientific evidence is not available, we refer Dr Gevirtz,
An objective assessment of synovitis of the knee: measurement of the size of the suprapatellar pouch on xeroradiography.
Authors: J M Gumpel, S A Matthews, D G Altman, J D Spencer, E A Wilkins
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

Measurement of the size of the suprapatellar pouch of the knee appears to be a simple, useful, objective, and reproducible assessment of synovitis of the knee. Changes in the apparent size of the suprapatellar pouch have been shown to correlate closely with the volume of synovial fluid aspirated from the knee and with changes in circumferential measurements. Aspiration of 20 ml of fluid will produce a change in size significant at the 1% level. Lateral xeroradiographs were used in this study, as soft-tissue planes are more closely defined on xeroradiographs than on standard radiographs.
Rationing health care.
Authors: L. Breimer
Journal: BMJ (1992)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Incidence and mortality of haematological malignancies have been increasing in Brazil, as a great number of individuals reach the age of 60 years. The aim of this study was to analyse patterns of mortality from haematological cancers in older Brazilians. <h3>Methods</h3> Deaths from haematological malignancies in individuals of 60 or more years in 11 States were identified in the Mortality Information System, a population-based nationwide registry. Population data was obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Polynomial regression was used to analyse trends in age-adjusted and age-specific mortality rates. <h3>Results</h3> Leukaemia showed the highest rates, varying from 11.96 to 17.58 per 100 000. Trends of increment were observed in three States, while a declining trend was observed in one. Mortality rates of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ranged between 6.64 and 16.35 per 100 000 and presented regional variability, with declining trends in South and Southeast States and increments in Central-West States. Mortality rates for myeloma showed steady increasing trends in four States. For Hodgkin9s disease, declining trends were seen in two States. Trends of increment were observed for leukaemia and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the 80 or more age-group. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The Southeast is the most industrialised Brazilian region with major petroleum exploitation and petroleum-based industries. The South and the Central-West are areas of extensive agriculture. Although the aetiology of these malignancies is still largely undefined, they have some common potential risk factors (solvents, pesticides) which could have contributed to the observed trends. These findings need further analysis to better characterise mortality patterns.
Junior doctors' on call activities: differences in workload and work patterns among grades.
Authors: N B Turnbull, N A Miles, I W Gallen
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the workload and work patterns of junior doctors of all grades while on call. DESIGN--Pilot study of activity data self recorded by junior doctors, with the help of students during busy periods. SETTING--A general surgical firm and a general medical firm based at University Hospital, Nottingham. SUBJECTS--Four registrars, three senior house officers, and five preregistration house officers. RESULTS--Senior house officers and preregistration house officers spent nearly half of all their on call duty time working, but less than half of that time was spent in direct contact with patients. Registrars were on call more often than the house officers but spent less than one fifth of their on call duty time working, and almost two thirds of that time was spent in direct contact with patients. CONCLUSIONS--Workload while on duty is excessive for both senior and preregistration house officers. Changes in some administrative procedures and employment of more non-medical staff during on call periods might reduce the time spent on non-clinical activities, thereby reducing the overall workload and allowing more time for patient contact.