tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk of Stroke With Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Compared With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tullio Palmerini, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Letizia Bacchi Reggiani, Diego Sangiorgi, Laura Alessi, Stefano De Servi, Angelo Branzi, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
the semiotic dynamics of colour
Authors: luc steels, tony belpaeme
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

the interesting and deep commentaries on our target article reflect the continued high interest in the problem of colour categorisation and naming. clearly, colour remains for many cognitive science related disciplines a fascinating microworld in which some of the most fundamental issues for cognition and culture can be studied. although our target article took the stance of practically oriented engineers who are trying to find the best solution for orchestrating the self-organisation of communication systems in artificial agents, most commentators focus on the implications for cognitive science and we will do the same in our reply.
Ethnicity, Sex, and the NBME Part I Examination-Reply
Authors: John J. Norcini
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —I appreciate Dr Bestler's letter and, in response, I would like to make a distinction between the two types of group differences Dawson and colleagues 1 found in their study of the performance of men and women of various ethnic backgrounds on the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Part I examination. First, among all the groups, the investigators found differences that were largely explained by education and performance prior to medical school. Since they existed before the NBME examination was taken, these differences are not the fault of the examination and, for unsuccessful candidates, they underscore the need for additional study or education.  On the other hand, Dawson et al also found that education and performance prior to medical school did not account fully for the NBME Part I performance of women and Asian men. Under such circumstances, a range of possible explanations should be considered, one
Patient confidentiality challenged over HIV test results
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (2003)

An Australian Supreme Court judge is considering a case that challenges the legal protection of doctor-patient confidentiality after two GPs failed to inform a woman that her African fiance was HIV positive after the couple attended a surgery together for blood tests.

The 28 year old woman, who went on to contract the disease, is suing the doctors in the New South Wales court for negligence and breach of contract for not taking adequate steps to protect her interests.

The woman, known as “PD” in court, was concerned about the high rate of HIV in the man's home country …
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTIONS
Authors: C. H. Whittle
Journal: BMJ (1929)

PNEUMOCOCCAL-INFECTIONS.RMUDiCALJOWAL, goall-stonies experimentally in aniiiials by fecdhig w~it1i cholesterol uiitil a. livpercholesterinaeniia occers Another faxctor whiich appears to be as-sociated withi thle formaion f gal-tnes,I'S pregnany,for gall-stonies are unmdoubtedly comimoni in 1multiparous women.Tlh's factor may act throughi thev disturbamice of clholesterol physiology whi:ch occurs in pregnancy, slince hyp)erchloles~,,teri aeimii is often pres-ent, and I huave recently sliown* th'mt Miii abbits tbme cholesterol contenit of the suprarenals is alwamv' gre.Atcr inl does, than in bucks, butt that duini-ig pregniancy -thle peI-na renial chlolesterol.is d1e1Iet:(d.One otluei possih)illitv miay lie con-Sidered.I-f the thleory tlhat 4hue s_i,1ts..are -derived fromi chiolesterol shouldi prove1 cori-ect, a11, mY Cintferenlce with1 liver1 fuiimctionl in jglt ie'smmlt ini a diinjunishced prOductioma of bile salts with aI corTesliond- lug 4) ilicca-se of c-holesterol excreted inl the bile, an-ud :i greater-Ati(lencv f-or it to be.depo-sited l ini the4 for-m of M loiWs c-ither directly fromi the bile, or, thriouigh the wall of the gall-bladd,er.This, would i altIe onus of gall-stone formiatiori oni a primiary defect in liv-er fuiiet-ioni.To sumn up, there~seemns -little doubt friomi all these facts that the lernmilationi of gall-s,tonesis to be a.-ttributed to sonie (di4tih-1ance in cholesterol metabolismll but tIme evidence -is no6t suifficien-t -as, vet to indic-ate decisiv-ely thie miotimie of thiis. AN-AIEMIAS5.iii perilicions anacminia sev'ra I anltlioe iiiics havei-recordedl .,hpoeholesterinaenula,and( thjis is not -entirely depe' identi oni tIme, diminimshed number of ired corpus-cles-_in fact, the blo,od .cholesterol. is le-ss in the plasmia tbiai ill the whole01 hlood.Pa'cii' coisidere(d thie low cholesterol -vailue-s in pielnicious anaemia to be a possible eaiu;O of tile disease, oni the gr-outnd that hapnmolvsis of the, red cells wouild tak-e pi-lice more easily in the absence of thie fulil protective 'powers Of cholesterol, lie claimed thiat inunction wNithi laneolinie,whc c-ontains a. h-ighi perceuetmige (if chiolester-ol, was bliemefi-1ial to tIme Vcondition.-Thle results, howxever, were not at -l '; Blaistl1 and(I Chaniler .4ir.
Report calls for action on antibiotic resistance
Authors: K. Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health, needing wider recognition and a national strategy to combat it, says a report published this week by the House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology.

Lord Soulsby, emeritus professor of animal pathology at Cambridge University and chairman of the subcommittee looking into antibiotic resistance, said: “Our inquiry has been an alarming experience. Misuse and overuse …
Hector Maconochie Urquhart
Authors: David Urquhart
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​ConsultantConsultant ear, nose, and throat surgeon Inverness 1949-80 (b 1917; q Edinburgh 1940; FRCS Ed), died from a stroke on 26 March 2005.




Figure 1




Hector Urquhart joined the Royal Air Force in 1941. He was bound for the Far East when his troop ship was hit by a torpedo and lost its rudder. The rest of the convoy went on to Singapore and was captured by the Japanese. Hector was posted to north Africa, where he joined a mobile field hospital and spent the next three years in the Western desert. He was appointed consultant to the newly formed Highlands and Islands NHS in 1949. The long distances he had to travel to his clinics enabled him to indulge his love of motor cars, notably a vintage Bentley and E type Jaguar. He leaves a wife, Elizabeth; two children; and two grandchildren.
Agrammatic sentence processing: Severity, complexity, and priming
Authors: Herman H. J. Kolk, Robert J. Hartsuiker
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Grodzinsky's theory of agrammatic sentence processing fails to account for crucial empirical facts. In contrast to his predictions, the data show that there are (1) degrees of severity and (2) problems with sentences that do not require movement, and that (3) under the right task circumstances, full-fledged syntactic trees are constructed.
Flexible Endoscopic Ultrasonography of Colonic Tumors: Indications and Results
Authors: Ch. Kuntz, P. Kienle, K. Buhl, F. Glaser, Ch. Herfarth
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Based on the positive results of endorectal ultrasound we evaluated flexible colonic endosonography for colonic tumors. At present there are no generally accepted indications for this procedure. Moreover, it is unclear whether the results are valid enough to warrant specific therapeutic interventions.Over a one-year period we performed flexible colonic endosonography (12 MHz rotating scanner) on 31 patients with colonic tumors. The examination was only performed when therapeutic implications were expected (e.g. endoscopic procedure when there was no sign of malignancy; oncological resection when there were signs of malignancy in ulcerative colitis or familial polyposis).Of 40 tumors examined, 36 were correctly staged by endosonography, compared to postoperative histology as the gold standard (16 of 17 adenomas, 5 of 5 pT1 carcinomas, 8 of 8 pT3 carcinomas). In two cases pT4 carcinomas were wrongly classified endosonographically as uT3 carcinomas, because the infiltration of the visceral peritoneum was technically not recognizable. Overall the accuracy rate of staging was 85%. Lymph node staging was correct in 36 of 40 patients, amounting to an accuracy rate of 90%.Because of its high accuracy rate flexible colonic endosonography has a place in the preoperative staging of colonic tumors in selected patients, especially those with ulcerative colitis, familial adenomatous polyposis or macroscopically suspicious adenomas. It helps to clarify the extent (oncological resection, lymphadenectomy) of resection required in conventional surgery and helps to avoid laparoscopic procedures in advanced colonic cancer.
A STRADDLE STAND FOR PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF SEXUAL INFECTIONS IN THE ARMY
Authors: James Bayard Clark
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The illustrations and the title almost completely describe this simple wash stand arrangement. <h3>CONSTRUCTION</h3> It is made of cast iron, enameled white. It is built from an anatomic standpoint to seat comfortably almost any sized man. It has hot and cold inlets to its faucet, so that the temperature of the water can easily be regulated. It has a rubber hose attachment under which the hands are washed before the hose is flexed to flush the genital region of the soldier sitting in position. The most important feature of this equipment is that it will standardize a clean and correct performance of the present prophylactic treatment. <h3>ADVANTAGES</h3> Its advantages can be told in a few words. Practically no other furniture will be necessary. It forces the soldier to make an adequate exposure for the proper treatment, and furnishes an opportunity to inspect the skin for rash or to observe a
Illustrated Manual of Laboratory Diagnosis: Indications and Interpretations
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The enormous array of laboratory tests can indeed confuse the clinician, and some guidance is desirable. The author has tried to provide such a guide. He discusses principally chemistry and hematology and has arranged his presentation alphabetically by blood components. Thus, the first six chapters take up disorders of alkaline and acid phosphatase, bilirubin, calcium, electrolytes, glucose, and hormones. For each chapter the author offers a physiological subdivision by type of disorder. For example, under glucose there are classified disorders of intake, absorption, production, storage, excretion, regulation, and "miscellaneous," with one or more diseases characterized under each. Diabetes comes under "miscellaneous" and receives about as much space as "idiopathic steatorrhea" (disorder of absorption). For each disease the author provides a summary of laboratory findings, a capsule exposition of pathogenesis in relation to the laboratory findings, and a picture. The unique feature of the book, and presumably the factor
Adverse interaction between nifedipine and beta-blockade.
Authors: L H Opie, D A White
Journal: BMJ (1980)

patients with functional psychiatric illness in the absence of clinical evidence of physical disease or alcoholism.We are grateful to Dr P B Guyer and Dr K C Dewbury for help in reviewing the chest radiographs, and Mrs H Hills for helping to collect data.The table giving details of the 21 patients with relevant radiographic abnormalities may be obtained from Dr Jennifer Hughes.
Abstract 5109: Identical cancer cell lines from Sanger &amp; Broad CCLE programs sometimes differ
Authors: Thompson N. Doman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Sanger Institute in the UK has an ongoing initiative termed the “Cancer Genome Project” to systematically characterize the genetics and genomics of 770 cancer cell lines. Similarly, the Broad Institute in the US collaborates on the “Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia” or CCLE project, entailing the eventual characterization of approximately 1000 cancer cell lines. At present, there are over 400 cell lines shared by these two initiatives. As part of a number of computational efforts in cancer biology we have used data from these two programs and have observed some unexpected differences in cell lines at the DNA and/or transcript level as well as some phenotypic differences, and we present here an analysis of these results including implications to the use of cancer cell lines in drug discovery and the larger question of genomic stability in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5109. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5109
Differences in the antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp160) in infected laboratory workers and vaccinees.
Authors: S H Pincus, K G Messer, D H Schwartz, G K Lewis, B S Graham, W A Blattner, G Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Studies of the immune response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been hampered by the antigenic diversity of the HIV envelope protein. In an effort to predict the efficacy of vaccination we have compared the systemic anti-envelope antibody response in seronegative volunteers immunized with recombinant gp160 (either in vaccinia or as soluble protein produced in baculovirus) derived from the HTLV-IIIB strain of HIV-1 and in two laboratory workers accidentally infected with the same strain. 11 of 14 vaccinees responded to immunization by producing anti-gp160 of similar titer and the same isotype as that seen in the laboratory workers. Four vaccinees also had antibody to the principal neutralizing domain (V3 loop) that was comparable in titer with that seen in the laboratory workers, but the fine specificity of anti-V3 antibody was qualitatively different in the two groups. Antibody that can block the interaction between CD4 and gp120 was present at comparable levels in three vaccines and the lab workers. Neutralizing antibody titers were markedly lower in the vaccinees than in the laboratory workers. In seven of the vaccinees, an immunodominant epitope was at amino acid 720-740. Analyses of monoclonal antibodies to this region indicate that they do not neutralize, bind to infected cells, nor function as immunotoxins. Although the anti-gp160 antibody response was of similar magnitude in both infected and vaccinated individuals, there were important qualitative differences.
Elevated serum aminoterminal procollagen type III peptide in methotrexate-induced hepatic fibrosis
Authors: G.M. Fairris, B. Brooks, A. Tanner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Elevated serum aminoterminal procollagen type III peptide in methotrexate‐induced hepatic fibrosis Get access G.M. Fairris, G.M. Fairris Royal South Hants Hospital, Graham Road, Southampton SO9 4PE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Brooks, B. Brooks Royal South Hants Hospital, Graham Road, Southampton SO9 4PE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Tanner A. Tanner Department of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO9 4Xy, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 4, 1 April 1986, Pages 520–521, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02868.x Published: 01 April 1986
Systemic Sporotrichosis Polytenosynovitis With Median and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
Authors: Martin Atdjian
Journal: JAMA (1980)

SPOROTRICHOSIS is a granulomatous fungal infection, usually confined to cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue. The extracutaneous manifestations, either unifocal or multifocal, are rare. Of 3,300 cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis reported by Lurie,<sup>1</sup>only five showed lesions involving muscles, bones, and viscera. Crout et al<sup>2</sup>described the clinical features of seven cases of sporotrichosis arthritis diagnosed from 1954 to 1975, indicating the rarity of the disease. We report a case of extracutaneous sporotrichosis polytenosynovitis without arthritis, involving the tendons of the tibialis anterior at both ankles, of the left flexor carpi ulnaris, and of the fourth and fifth digitorum profundus, producing median and ulnar nerve entrapment. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 37-year-old man, a long-term alcoholic, was seen in Harper Hospital, Detroit, in December 1977 with a three-year history of pain and swelling of the volar aspect of the left distal forearm, wrist, and left fourth and fifth fingers and
Abstract 4259: Active hedgehog (HH) signal transduction in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).
Authors: Joon Won Yoon, Marilyn Lamm, King-Fu Leong, Stephen Iannaccone, Philip Iannaccone, David Walterhouse
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract RMS is the most common sarcoma of childhood. The majority of embryonal RMS (ERMS) and a minority of alveolar RMS (ARMS) express HH pathway components. However, a role for the HH signal transduction pathway is incompletely defined in RMS. Co-regulation of GLI1 and Patched1 (PTCH1) in ERMS and fusion-negative ARMS have suggested that the HH pathway is functionally intact in these subtypes. However, HH pathway activity has not been directly tested in RMS. Our aim was to demonstrate that some RMS cells have intact HH signaling pathways and are responsive to HH pathway activation or inhibition. We demonstrated expression of Indian HH, Desert HH, PTCH1, SMO and GLI1 by qRT PCR in Rh18 ERMS cells and Rh41 ARMS cells; Desert HH, PTCH1, SMO, and GLI1 in Rh 30 ARMS cells; and Indian HH, Desert HH, PTCH1, and SMO in RD ERMS cells. We confirmed high GLI1 protein expression by Western blot in Rh41 and Rh18 cells. Since HH signaling is believed to occur in primary cilia, we used immunofluorescence to demonstrate primary cilia in RMS-13 cells. Based on their differing levels of GLI1 expression (high in Rh41 and Rh18 cells and low/absent in Rh28 and RD cells), these RMS cell lines provided an opportunity to up- and down-regulate the HH pathway and measure effects on gene expression and cell function. Exposure of Rh41 cells to Sonic HH-containing conditioned media caused a 12-fold increase in PTCH1 expression and exposure of Rh28 cells to Sonic HH peptide increased GLI1 expression 1.5-fold, suggesting intact HH signal transduction in some RMS cell lines. We down-regulated HH pathway activity with the GLI1 inhibitor GANT61 and assessed Rh41 and RD cell viability by MTT assays. RMS cell viability decreased following exposure to increasing concentrations of GANT61. The reduced cell viability appeared to result at least in part from down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic GLI1 target gene, BCL2. These results suggest a role for HH signaling in RMS cell survival. Understanding the role of HH signaling in RMS biology may contribute to successful introduction of HH pathway inhibitors into RMS treatment. Citation Format: Joon Won Yoon, Marilyn Lamm, King-Fu Leong, Stephen Iannaccone, Philip Iannaccone, David Walterhouse. Active hedgehog (HH) signal transduction in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4259. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4259
Phase II Randomized Study of Vandetanib Plus Gemcitabine or Gemcitabine Plus Placebo as First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients
Authors: Cesare Gridelli, Silvia Novello, Nicoletta Zilembo, Andrea Luciani, Adolfo Gino Favaretto, Filippo De Marinis, Giovenzio Genestreti, Lucio Crinò, Francesco Grossi, Orazio Caffo, Francesco Ferraù, Giorgio Cruciani, Alba Ariela Brandes, Domenico Galetta, Sandro Barni, Gianpiero Fasola, Giulio Cerea, Silvia Ferrari, Claudio Iannacone, Fortunato Ciardiello
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Diversity and variability of smooth muscle phenotypes of renal arterioles as revealed by myosin isoform expression
Authors: Kenjiro Kimura, Ryozo Nagai, Tatsuo Sakai, Masanori Aikawa, Makoto Kuro-o, Naoto Kobayashi, Isao Shirato, Tadashi Inagami, Masaya Oshi, Naoe Suzuki, Shigeyoshi Oba, Naobumi Mise, Akihiro Tojo, Yasunobu Hirata, Atsuo Goto, Yoshio Yazaki, Masao Omata
Journal: Kidney International (1995)
AIDS and the general practitioner: views of patients with HIV infection and AIDS.
Authors: M. B. King
Journal: BMJ (1988)

An unselected series of outpatients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who attended two London hospitals were interviewed to assess their relationship with their general practitioner. Although most of the 192 patients were registered with a general practitioner, the doctors of only one half knew of the diagnosis. Patients feared a negative reaction from their general practitioner or were concerned about confidentiality. Although those who had told their doctor had received favourable reactions, few general practitioners attempted to counsel or educate their patients. The patients who previously had been open about their homosexuality were not more likely to have told their general practitioner of their HIV infection. Although most did not think that general practitioners were well informed about AIDS, half of the patients wished that general practitioners could take a bigger part in their care.
Identifying Diabetic Patients at High Risk for Lower-Extremity Amputation in a Primary Health Care Setting: A prospective evaluation of simple screening criteria
Authors: Stephen J Rith-Najarian, Thomas Stolusky, Dorothy M Gohdes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

To evaluate prospectively a risk categorization scheme for lower-extremity problems that incorporates the Semmes-Weinstein 5.07 monofilament and a simple exam to stratify patients who were followed in a primary-care setting into risk groups for plantar ulceration and lower-extremity amputation.Patients with diabetes in a well-defined American-Indian population were stratified into four risk categories based on sensation status to the 5.07 monofilament, the presence of foot deformity, and a history of lower-extremity events (amputation or ulceration): category 0, sensate; category 1, insensate; category 2, insensate with deformity; and category 3, history of lower extremity events. Patients were followed prospectively for lower extremity events and changes in sensation status.We gave screening exams to 358 (88%) of 406 individuals with diabetes in the community. The distribution of patients for risk categories 0, 1, 2, and 3 was 74.3, 8.4, 4.5, and 13%, respectively. Over a 32-mo follow-up period, 41 patients developed ulcerations, and incidence rates correlated positively with increasing risk category (P less than 0.00001). All 14 amputations occurred in risk groups 2 and 3.These data suggest that the risk categorization described here may have a role in identifying patients at risk for lower extremity events who are followed in a primary-care setting.
The Life of William Harvey — Peeping Medicos — Clinical Postscript
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

TWO things strike one on handling the beautiful new book on Harvey by Sir Geoffrey Keynes published last year by the Oxford University Press. The first is a bewilderment at the achievements of this giant of a man who lived three centuries ago, and the second is an unbounded admiration for the diligent research of the author, which enabled him to construct such a remarkable account of so many of Harvey's previously little appreciated activities.In his preface Sir Geoffrey points out that the emphasis in this book is on the character of Harvey rather than on his scientific work, . . .