tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Have We Seen the Last Variant of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency?
Authors: Alain Fischer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Over the past 15 years, deciphering of the molecular defects in primary immunodeficiencies has spawned a stream of information on how the immune system works. These advances have been facilitated by the development of powerful new tools that make possible the analysis of the genome and genetic errors. During this time of advances in knowledge of basic immunology, we have also improved medical services for patients with genetically disabled immune systems. Today, accurate diagnosis, precision in prognostication, sophisticated genetic counseling, and new treatments have improved and extended the lives of countless children with inherited immunodeficiency diseases.One of the most . . .
Transfection with DNA of soluble VCAM-1 causes monocyte chemotaxis and increased endothelial cell staining: A new gene-therapeutic approach for angiogenesis?
Authors: Mirjam Decker, Uta Weirich, Thomas Nordt, Simone Bauer, Joerg Kreuzer, Christoph Bode, Karlheinz Peter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
SHO training: Juniors need time to learn
Authors: D. G Smithard
Journal: BMJ (1993)

15 '5 0 z I0 5 0 0 5 O I5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Vitamin K (mg/I)Plasma vitamin K concentrations at age 96-120 hours in 88 infants given I mg vitamin K intramuscularly and in 88 given 2 mg orally significant difference in the mean vitamin K con- centrations between the groups (t test), and the distributions of the concentrations were similar.None of these patients developed late haemor- rhagic disease of the newborn.These results suggest that a larger dose of vitamin K is needed for oral administration than for intramuscular administration to maintain similar plasma vitamin K concentrations at 97-120 hours.Follow up studies are needed to establish whether 2 mg vitamin K given orally at birth is as effective prophylaxis as 1 mg given intra- muscularly.
Serologic Types of Hemolytic Streptococci in Scarlet Fever in Massachusetts
Authors: G. E. Foley, W. L. Aycock, R. D. Cox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

CONTINUING the study previously reported,1 the hemolytic streptococci isolated from throat swabs of patients admitted to various Massachusetts hospitals with scarlet fever during 1944 were classified as to serologic type. The laboratory studies were again done at the Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard Medical School, and arrangements for the provision of throat cultures were made through the co-operation of the Division of Communicable Diseases, Massachusetts Department of Public Health.During the past year a total of 839 additional throat swabs were examined, of which 640 (76.3 per cent) were positive for Group A hemolytic streptococci.ǁ The methods employed . . .
BMJ's embargo should not be broken
Authors: C. Mihill, N. Pope, L. Hunt, G. Cooper, D. Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Training for overseas doctors may not be appropriate EDITOR,-James Owen Drife highlights the inappropriateness of much medical work that takes place in the developing world.'Regrettably, Britain contributes much to this.Many of the doctors who attended the congress in India about which Drife writes will have received much of their medical training in Britain.How helpful was this training in addressing the real health needs (obstetric and others) in these doctors' own country?The curricula vitae of overseas doctors applying for positions in Britain often mention the doctors' desire for "subspecialty training."The attendance at the seminar on in vitro fertilisation in India reflects this attitude.As long as we continue to train overseas doctors in Britain as if they were returning to situations similar to those in western Europe and as long as the royal colleges seem to pursue the same agenda, Drife's experiences will continue.
Transgenic expression of replication-restricted enteroviral genomes in heart muscle induces defective excitation-contraction coupling and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: R Wessely, K Klingel, L F Santana, N Dalton, M Hongo, W Jonathan Lederer, R Kandolf, K U Knowlton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Numerous studies have implicated Coxsackievirus in acute and chronic heart failure. Although enteroviral nucleic acids have been detected in selected patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the significance of such persistent nucleic acids is unknown. To investigate the mechanisms by which restricted viral replication with low level expression of Coxsackieviral proteins may be able to induce cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice which express a replication-restricted full-length Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cDNA mutant (CVB3DeltaVP0) in the heart driven by the cardiac myocyte-specific myosin light chain-2v (MLC-2v) promoter. CVB3DeltaVP0 was generated by mutating infectious CVB3 cDNA at the VP4/VP2 autocatalytic cleavage site from Asn-Ser to Lys-Ala. Cardiac-specific expression of this cDNA leads to synthesis of positive- and negative-strand viral RNA in the heart without formation of infectious viral progeny. Histopathologic analysis of transgenic hearts revealed typical morphologic features of myocardial interstitial fibrosis and in some cases degeneration of myocytes, thus resembling dilated cardiomyopathy in humans. There was also an increase in ventricular atrial natriuretic factor mRNA levels, demonstrating activation of the embryonic program of gene expression typical of ventricular hypertrophy and failure. Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated the presence of left ventricular dilation and decreased systolic function in the transgenic mice compared with wild-type littermates, evidenced by increased ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions and decreased fractional shortening. Analysis of isolated myocytes from transgenic mice demonstrate that there is defective excitation-contraction coupling and a decrease in the magnitude of isolated cell shortening. These data demonstrate that restricted replication of enteroviral genomes in the heart can induce dilated cardiomyopathy with excitation-contraction coupling abnormalities similar to pressure overload models of dilated cardiomyopathy.
In Situ Small Cell Lesions of the Breast
Authors: Cyril Toker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  Experience gained from single institutions in the evaluation of in situ small cell lesions of the breast (lobular carcinoma in situ) is limited by virtue of the rarity of this lesion. In a 30-year period at the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, these lesions were observed in 4.8% of the breast biopsies performed.  If the many variables associated with this important entity are to be investigated, it is essential that an inquiry be conducted on a national basis.  To this end we propose the establishment of a national registry for the study of in situ mammary small cell lesions, to which material from the entire United States may be referred.  Such an effort can only succeed if the surgical community is prepared to participate, and this letter is exploratory in nature. If the response is encouraging, we shall proceed with the establishment of the registry.  Participating surgeons
Israel considers surrogacy law
Authors: J Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Israel is poised to become the first country to legalise surrogate motherhood. The move has been recommended by a panel of experts, who emphasise that there would need to be strict guidelines and supervision at every stage. It is now up to the Israeli parliament (Knesset) to make a final decision.

Surrogacy is currently outlawed in Israel. In Britain it is illegal only as a commercial enterprise, while it has been neither outlawed nor formally approved in the US and Canada. Israel's ministers of justice and of health have already said that they favour leglisation in principle but that, given …
Comment Re: HMGA2 Is a Negative Regulator of DNA-PK Pathway
Authors: Joern Bullerdiek, Birgit Rommel
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

To the Editor: Recently, Li and colleagues ([1][1]) have presented evidence for the impairment of nonhomologous and joining repair (NHEJ) of DNA damage by the chromatin binding protein HMGA2. In this interesting article, the cytogenetic stability of fibroblasts transfected by a construct encoding
Asthma and the beta agonist debate.
Authors: J Crane, N Pearce, C Burgess, R Beasley
Journal: Thorax (1995)

The association between the use of inhaled /3 agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma has previously been reported.It was based on a nested case-control study of 129 cases and 655 control subjects selected from a cohort of 12301 users of asthma drugs followed during the period 1980 through 1987.In this paper, we examine the question of asthma and non-asthma mortality using data from the entire cohort of 12301 asthmatics.There were 46 asthma and 134 non-asthma deaths in this cohort, for which there were 47842 person-years of follow-up.The overall rate of asthma death was 9 6 per 10 000 asthmatics per year.This rate varied significantly according to the use of fenoterol, albuterol, or oral corticosteroids in the prior 12 months and the number of hospitalisations in the prior 2 years.The rate decreased significantly, by 0-6 asthma deaths per 10 000 asthmatics per year over the study period, after controlling for the effect of the four other risk factors.It also increased significantly with the use of all ,B agonists, and more so for fenoterol than for albuterol, although this difference was partly explained by the dose inequivalence of the two drugs.Change-point dose-response curves showed that the risk of asthma death began to escalate drastically at about 1*4 canisters (of 20 000 ug each) per month of inhaled /3 agonist, the recommended limit.For non-asthma death, the overall rate of 28 deaths per 10000 asthmatics per year was not related to the use of inhaled /3 agonists.We conclude that the strong association between the use of inhaled /3 agonists and asthma mortality is confined primarily to the use of these drugs in excess of recommended limits.Non-asthma mortality, including that from cardiovascular causes, is not associated with the use of inhaled /3 agonists.
Function of Cadaver Renal Homografts in Relation to Age of Donor, Cause of Death, and Ischaemia Time
Authors: H. J. O. White, D. B. Evans, R. Y. Calne
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Twenty-six renal grafts four months or more after transplantation have been shown to function satisfactorily when the donor's age has varied from 10 to 64 years and the period of warm ischaemia has been between 26 and 133 minutes. It is suggested that a more lenient view be adopted with respect to the age of the donor, but that a warm ischaemia time of two hours should not be exceeded.
Web Searches About Physicians
Authors: John T. Sinnott
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on coronary heart disease and mortality among middle aged diabetic men: a general population study.
Authors: A. Rosengren, L. Welin, A. Tsipogianni, L. Wilhelmsen
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To investigate the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on coronary heart disease and all cause mortality in middle aged diabetic men.Prospective population study based on data collected from second screening (from 1974 to 1977) in the multifactor primary prevention trial and follow up until March 1983.Gothenburg, Sweden.6897 Men aged 51 to 59, of whom 232 were self reported diabetics and 6665 were non-diabetic; none had a history of myocardial infarction.Incidences of coronary heart disease and mortality from all causes.Diabetic men with a serum cholesterol concentration greater than 7.3 mmol/l had a significantly higher incidence of coronary heart disease during follow up than those with a concentration less than or equal to 5.5 mmol/l (28.3% v 5.4%; p = 0.020); corresponding figures for non-diabetic men were 9.4% and 2.4% respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analyses serum cholesterol concentration and smoking habit were independent predictors of coronary heart disease (odds ratio serum cholesterol concentration 6.1 (95% confidence interval 2.1 to 17.6) current smoking 2.9 (1.1 to 7.5)) and of all cause mortality (3.2 (1.3 to 7.9), 3.0 (1.4 to 6.7) respectively) in diabetic men whereas systolic blood pressure, body mass index, family history, marital state, and alcohol abuse were not. Low occupational class was an independent predictor of mortality (2.4 (1.01 to 5.5)), but not of coronary heart disease, in diabetic men.Middle aged diabetic men with hypercholesterolaemia are at very high risk of developing coronary heart disease and of dying prematurely. Lowering serum cholesterol concentration in such subjects seems to be warranted.
THE CARDIAC OUTPUT AND OTHER MEASUREMENTS OF THE CIRCULATION IN COARCTATION OF THE AORTA 1
Authors: Harold J. Stewart, Robert L. Bailey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1941)

5 69.3 1.91 216 -20 70.0 3.07 1.61 68 45 128.0 700.0 71.6 18.6 6.5 88 4400 5.5 115 46 * See blood pressure records which go with these observations in Table I. t The areas of the heart in Cases 10, 12, 13 and 14 were 83.5, 173.2, 174.2, and 128.1 sq.cm., respectively.§ The volumes of the hearts in Cases 10, 12, 13 and 14 were 370.0, 1101.3, 1111.9 and 701.2 cc., respectively.** The circulation time and venous pressure were 9.7 seconds and 104 mm., respectively, in Case 10. $ The cardiothoracic ratios in Cases 10, 12, 13 and 14 were 54, 59, 60, and 55, respectively.§ § Stewart and Watson ((16) Tables II andIII).OBSERVATIONS
Abstract 2512: Combining radiation or carboplatin with targeted inhibition of survivin increases treatment induced apoptosis in retinoblastoma cells
Authors: Marian Luna, Angela Ferrario, Natalie Rucker, Sam Wong, Charles J. Gomer
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The overarching goal of this project is to evaluate clinically relevant protocols to improve treatment responses for retinoblastoma (Rb). Procedures to treat Rb vary depending on the size and location of the intraocular lesions and can include carboplatin or radiation therapy. We have preliminary data documenting over expression of survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family of proteins, following treatment of Rb cells with either carboplatin or ionizing radiation. The specific aim of the current study is to determine if targeted inhibition of survivin expression using the clinically relevant small molecule imidazolium inhibitor, YM155, can increase selective cytotoxicity in Rb cells. Experimental procedures used Y79 retinoblastoma and RPE normal retinal pigmented epithelial cell lines. Protein expression following either single or combined treatment protocols is examined by Western immunoblot. Levels of apoptosis and cytotoxicity are determined by flow cytometry following Annexin V and propidium iodide staining. We document that both radiation (5 Gy) and carboplatin (5 uM) induce significant over expression of survivin in Y79 cells, but not in RPE cells. Over expression of survivin following radiation or carboplatin is blocked in Y79 cells exposed to YM155 (2 nM). Combining radiation or carboplatin with YM155 resulted in significantly increased levels of apoptosis and cell killing in Y79 cells but not in RPE cells. These results indicate that targeted inhibition of survivin may provide a therapeutic gain when combined with radiation or carboplatin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2512. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2512
Treatment of Porokeratosis of Mibelli With Ingenol Mebutate
Authors: Sabrina Kindem, Carlos Serra-Guillén, Guillermo Sorní, Carlos Guillén, Onofre Sanmartín
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Report of a Case Awoman in her 50s presentedwith an 8-year history of an annular plaque in the left perioral area. Physical examination showeda thick hyperkeratotic annular plaque with elevated edges and an atrophic center (Figure 1).Histopathologic examinationof the lesion revealedacornoid lamella, anunderlyingepidermisdevoidof agranular layer, and a lymphocytic infiltration in the upper dermis. The clinical andhistopathologic featureswere consistentwith adiagnosis of porokeratosis of Mibelli. Thepatient had receiveddiverse consecutive treatments since 2008, including photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid, electrocoagulation, an 8-week course of fluorouracil cream, topical treatmentwith the2-compoundformulationbetamethasone(50 μg/g)andcalcipotriol (0.5mg/g), carbondioxide laser, and2courses of imiquimod, 5%, for 6 weeks. None of the treatments had been successful. Significanthypopigmentation, possibly triggeredby the strong inflammatoryresponse,wasobserved inthe lesionafter treatmentwith fluorouracil cream.Thishypopigmentation remainedunchangedat last follow-up. Thepatientwasalso treatedwithpulseddye laser in 2012 andwith diclofenac sodium, 3%, gel applied twice daily for3months in2013.Neitherof these treatmentsachievedpartial or total remission of the lesion.
Hyperparathyroidism and Carcinoid Tumor
Authors: NAGUIB A. SAMAAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Three patients with carcinoid tumor associated with hyperparathyroidism are described. All patients showed a high circulating immunoreactive calcitonin level with no differential increase in the neck venous catheterization specimens, suggesting that the high concentrations of circulating immunoreactive calcitonin may have come from the carcinoid tumor. We think that the hyperparathyroidism in these patients was primary and that the association with carcinoid tumor represents another form of multiple endocrine tumor formation. Hyperparathyroidism should be investigated in patients with carcinoid tumor.
Glutathione S-Transferase Variants and Their Interaction with Smoking on Lung Function
Authors: Jian-Qing He, John E. Connett, Nicholas R. Anthonisen, Peter D. Paré, Andrew J. Sandford
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

We studied glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms in 1,098 whites with the lowest (n = 544, FEV1 % predicted mean ± SEM = 62.6 ± 0.1) and the highest (n = 554, FEV1 % predicted mean ± SEM = 91.8 ± 0.1) lung function at the beginning of the Lung Health Study. Homozygosity for GSTP1 105Val was significantly more frequent in the low- than in the high-function group (13.2 vs. 9.3%) (odds ratio = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–2.61, p = 0.016), after adjustment for confounding variables. Subjects with 105Val homozygotes had higher rates of lung function decline in the high-function group (p = 0.017). The frequencies of GSTM1, GSTT1 null genotypes were similar between the high- and low-function groups, but subjects with the GSTT1 null genotype had a faster decline of lung function in the low-function group (p = 0.032). In addition, there was a significant interaction of GSTT1 genotype and pack-years on lung function. When comparing individuals with GSTT1 null genotype with wild type, the adjusted odds ratio was 3.49 (95% CI, 1.48–8.39, p = 0.005) in mild smokers (⩽ 25 pack years). We conclude that GST genotypes are risk factors for rapid decline or low lung function in smokers with mild to moderate airflow obstruction.
A TYPE-SPECIFIC ANTIGENIC PROTEIN DERIVED FROM THE STAPHYLOCOCCUS
Authors: W. F. Verwey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

Chemical extraction of lyophilized and ground staphylococci of type A has yielded a type-specific, antigenic fraction which has been shown to be protein. In precipitin tests this fraction reacts in high dilution with homologous immune sera prepared by the injection of animals either with the whole organisms or with the protein itself. Reactions with sera prepared against heterologous types of staphylococci occur only in low dilutions. The type specificity of this fraction has been found to be entirely independent of that of the type-specific carbohydrate described by Julianelle and Wieghard.
Towards a unified theory of patient data
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Data on patients don’t assemble themselves. Someone collects them. The question is: who then owns the data—the people who collected the data, or the people who the data were collected from? Some years ago, researchers’ arguments that such data were theirs to release or withhold as they pleased didn’t convince me. Eventually I decided that the data belonged to research participants, and it was they who should control the data’s subsequent fate ( BMJ 1996;312;1241).

Does this formulation work for medical records? Is the information record about a patient his or her property? Ownership and control of such records have recently achieved prominence because of the acceptance that soon all patients will have electronic records, just as they do electronic …