tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Financial Risk Protection and Universal Health Coverage: Evidence and Measurement Challenges
Authors: Priyanka Saksena, Justine Hsu, David B. Evans
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Financial risk protection is a key component of universal health coverage (UHC), which is defined as access to all needed quality health services without financial hardship. As part of the PLOS Medicine Collection on measurement of UHC, the aim of this paper is to examine and to compare and contrast existing measures of financial risk protection. The paper presents the rationale behind the methodologies for measuring financial risk protection and how this relates to UHC as well as some empirical examples of the types of measures. Additionally, the specific challenges related to monitoring inequalities in financial risk protection are discussed. The paper then goes on to examine and document the practical challenges associated with measurement of financial risk protection. This paper summarizes current thinking on the area of financial risk protection, provides novel insights, and suggests future developments that could be valuable in the context of monitoring progress towards UHC.
N-Glycosylation of MDA-7/IL-24 Is Dispensable for Tumor Cell–Specific Apoptosis and “Bystander” Antitumor Activity
Authors: Moira Sauane, Pankaj Gupta, Irina V. Lebedeva, Zao-zhong Su, Devanand Sarkar, Aaron Randolph, Kristoffer Valerie, Rahul V. Gopalkrishnan, Paul B. Fisher
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Biochemical and genetic mutation–based analyses confirm that the MDA-7/IL-24 protein can induce transformed cell–specific apoptosis through a mechanism involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–associated pathways. Covalent modifications by N-linked glycans in the ER contribute to the conformational maturation and biological functions of many proteins. Because MDA-7/IL-24 is a glycosylated protein, we investigated the role of glycosylation in mediating the specific biological and “bystander” antitumor activities of this cytokine. An adenovirus vector expressing a nonsecreted and nonglycosylated version of MDA-7/IL-24 protein was generated via deletion of its signal peptide and point mutations of its three N-glycosylated sites. In this study, we showed that this intracellular nonglycosylated protein was as effective as wild-type MDA-7/IL-24 protein in inducing apoptosis in multiple tumor cell lines. Both constructs (a) displayed transformed cell specificity and localization to the ER compartment, (b) mediated apoptosis through JAK/STAT-independent and p38MAPK-dependent pathways, (c) induced sustained ER stress as evidenced by expression of ER stress markers (BiP/GRP78, GRP94, XBP-1, and eIF2α), and (d) generated proteins that physically interacted with BiP/GRP78. Additionally, an expression construct containing the mda-7/IL-24 signal peptide linked to the mutated nonglycosylated mda-7/IL-24 gene retained the ability to induce bystander antitumor activity. These studies reveal that MDA-7/IL-24 glycosylation is not mandatory for inducing cell death or bystander activities in different cancer cells, providing new insights into the mechanism by which MDA-7/IL-24 induces apoptosis and ER stress. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(24): 11869-77)
Abstract 2674: Interaction of natural alkaloids with G-quadruplex structures: biophysical and pharmacological implications
Authors: Sara Bianco, Carla Bazzicalupi, Paola Gratteri, A. R. Bilia, H. Schwalbe, C. Richter, Manlio Palumbo, Claudia Sissi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract DNA sequences rich in guanines can fold up to form peculiar structures, known as a G-quadruplex, deriving from pairing of four guanines by Hoogsteen-like hydrogen bonds. Nowadays, these structure(s) are being exploited as suitable targets for anti-cancer drug design. Indeed, G-quadruplexes can be formed at the telomers, the ends of human chromosomes as well as in the promoters of several important oncogenes such as c-myc, bcl-2, c-kit and VEGF. At physiological conditions an equilibrium between different conformations builds up. It has been shown that the interconversion between folded-unfolded conformation can be used by the cell to modulate the oncogene transcriptional state. Up-to-date, several classes of compounds have been tested and identified as efficient G-quadruplex binders. DNA recognition occurs mainly through stacking on a terminal G-tetrad, thus, these ligands share a general consensus structural motif based on a large flat aromatic surface. Several natural compounds characterized by cytotoxic activity present this structural motif. Here, we selected several structurally related natural derivatives of plant origin characterized by four fused rings with different degree of π electron delocalization. Among them, Berberine, Sanguinarine and Cheleritrine were identified as the most efficient stabilizers for G-quadruplex structures. Their interaction with various nucleic acid conformations was examined in detail in terms of affinity constant and mode of binding by NMR studies, spectroscopic (fluorometric and CD) and ITC titrations. In particular, we focussed our attention on the role of DNA sequence and structure on binding geometry and affinity. Biophysical data were then related to the cytotoxic response of each derivative. From these data we could asses the potential of the tested ligands as G-quadruplex binders (and prospective drug response) at physiological conditions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2674.
Abstract 2884: Resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, suppresses pancreatic cancer by inhibiting leukotriene A4 hydrolase
Authors: Yeon-Yong Cho, Naomi Oi, Chul-Ho Jeong, Janos Nadas, Angelo Pugliese, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Considerable attention has focused on the anticancer effects of red wine. Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a well-known polyphenolic compound found in red wine and recognized as a key substance for cancer chemoprevention. Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is a bi-functional zinc enzyme that is regarded as a relevant target in certain types of human cancers. Our data indicate that knockdown of LTA4H decreased production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), the enzymatic product of LTA4H, and suppressed anchorage-independent growth of MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. An in silico prediction using a shape-similarity approach suggested that LTA4H might be a potential target of resveratrol. Results showed that resveratrol directly bound to LTA4H in vitro and ex vivo and suppressed proliferation and anchorage-independent growth by inhibiting LTA4H activity in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Importantly, resveratrol exerted stronger inhibitory effects compared to bestatin, a well-known inhibitor of LTA4H activity. The inhibitory effects of resveratrol were reduced in MIA PaCa-2 cells transfected with sh-LTA4H compared with sh-mock transfected cells. Notably, in an in vivo xenograft mouse model, resveratrol suppressed MIA PaCa-2 tumor formation by inhibiting LTA4H activity. These findings suggest that LTA4H is a novel target for the preventive and/or therapeutic effects of resveratrol on pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2884. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2884
Production of target-specific effector cells using hetero-cross-linked aggregates containing anti-target cell and anti-Fc gamma receptor antibodies.
Authors: B Karpovsky, J A Titus, D A Stephany, D M Segal
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

Rabbit anti-2,4-dintrophenyl (DNP) antibodies or their F(ab')2 fragments were chemically cross-linked to the anti-mouse Fc gamma R monoclonal antibody 2.4G2 or to its Fab fragment. P388D1 cells were incubated with heteroaggregates between 2.4G2 and anti-DNP (anti-Fc gamma R X anti-DNP) and washed. The resulting cells lysed 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl chicken erythrocytes (TNP CRBC) in a hapten-specific manner. The lysis was inhibited by free hapten but was resistant to inhibition by immune complexes. Other cells coated with antibody heteroaggregates also mediated lysis of TNP-modified target cells. For example, mouse resident peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) lysed TNP CRBC and bacillus Calmette-Guérin-activated PEC lysed both TNP CRBC and TNP tumor targets. Human neutrophils, when incubated with heteroaggregates containing the anti-human neutrophil Fc gamma R antibody 3G8 and anti-DNP also lysed TNP CRBC and TNP-modified tumor cells. To test whether linkage to Fc gamma R was required for lysis, F(ab')2 fragments from the anti-KdDd monoclonal antibody 34-1-2 were cross-linked to anti-DNP F(ab')2 fragments. P388D1 cells (which express Kd and Dd) were then incubated with these heteroaggregates and washed, and their abilities to form conjugates and lyse TNP CRBC were compared with those of P388D1 cells treated with anti-Fc gamma R X anti-DNP. In both cases, P388D1 cells formed conjugates. However, only the cells treated with anti-Fc gamma R X anti-DNP mediated lysis to a significant extent. We conclude that heteroaggregates containing anti-Fc gamma R and anti-target cell antibodies can be used to create potent effector cells against red cell and tumor targets and that bridging of effectors with target cells directly to Fc gamma R on effector cells is required for lysis.
A Lean, Mean Cyclotron Revs Up Neutron Therapy
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE STATE-OF-THE-ART in both physics and medicine joined forces again recently when the first superconducting cyclotron dedicated to cancer therapy began to be used for treating patients at Harper Hospital in Detroit, Mich. Radiation oncologists there say they hope to achieve the potential benefits of neutron therapy by uniting this powerful technology with several other independent advances, such as threedimensional treatment planning and tailoring the neutron beam to the shape of the tumor. With the new cyclotron, oncologists say they now can conduct a more evenhanded comparison between neutron and
Case of Loose Cartilage in the Knee Joint
Authors: H. Terry
Journal: BMJ (1844)

ad those poouiarly termed bilious, derive relief from it.From this accountofsome ofits medicinal qualities, I would not wih it to be inferred that I regard the s.Iiniou of the chloride of lime as a specific in fever, l$hat administered by a practitioner, at the moment wien his judgment deems it necessar, it will mate- ily assist the action of his other remedis, by immediately destroying one of the .mostoppressing and obstinate symptons which attends on aU febrile diseases, but more particularly, those of a typhoid character, CASE OF LOOSE CARTILAGE IN THE KNEEJOINT.
The Ubiquitous Sulfites
Authors: Dorothy Sogn
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Sulfiting agents, including sulfur dioxide, potassium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium bisulfite, and potassium bisulfite, are effective antioxidants. As such they are used widely as additives in processed beverages and foods, including fruit juices, soft drinks, wines, beers, cider, vinegar, potato chips, dried fruits, and vegetables.1Their antibrowning property makes them useful in preventing spoilage of commercially prepared or displayed fresh foods such as ingredients of salad bars, dips, seafoods (particularly shrimp), fruits, and vegetables. One also encounters sulfur dioxide as a common air pollutant. Koepke et al2point out still another source of exposure—use of medications containing these substances. The irony of their observation is not lost on a profession whose guiding words areprimum non nocere. The case history they describe is of an asthma patient with presumed sulfite sensitivity whose prescribed bronchodilator contains a sulfiting agent.  The adverse effects of ingested sulfiting agents in
Lincoln, Kennedy, and the Autopsy
Authors: Marc S. Micozzi
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Presidential assassinations leave a deep scar on our collective memory and consciousness as a nation. Somehow, the American public in 1992 seems more comfortable with its knowledge of the circumstances of the death of our first assassinated President, Abraham Lincoln, investigated in the mid-1860s, than it does with that of our most recent, John F. Kennedy, investigated in the mid-1960s. See also p 2794. When Lincoln was shot at Ford's Theatre in Washington, DC, on the evening of Good Friday, April 14, 1865, no US President had been assassinated before, and, coupled with the simultaneous bloody attack on Secretary of State William Seward and his family at his home and the attempt on Vice President Andrew Johnson, no one knew quite what to do. Ambulance service did not then exist in Washington and cases like that of the wounded President were generally attended in the home and not the hospital.
Training and Use of Paramedical Personnel
Authors: Eugene A. Stead
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE doctor is the person licensed by the state to diagnose and treat disease. He has always had helpers: nurses, administrators, technicians, physiotherapists, dietitians and social workers. These persons have been responsible for facilitating the arrangements for the flow of patients, for meeting the physical needs of sick people and for carrying out, under his direction, a variety of examinations and treatments. In most states, the doctors, registered nurses and practical nurses are the only licensed members of the health team.The health team has not been structured to allow free movement among the various classes of workers. Qualifying as . . .
The Supreme Court and Madness: A Middle Ground on Proof of Mental Illness for Commitment
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

THERE has been a great deal of legislative activity in the 50 states of the United States in recent years in the field of commitment for mental illness. Civil-rights organizations have been largely responsible for the changes in the law. Psychiatrists and mental-health-program planners have recently been concerned that the reforms may have gone too far in many states, where the legal barriers may prevent needed treatment from reaching very sick people.Much of the focus in the involuntary-commitment procedure has been on the standard of proof that the person is seriously mentally ill or that he or she is . . .
US army investigates unrelated pneumonia cases in troops in Iraq
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The US army is ruling out biological or chemical weapons as the source of a wave of cases of pneumonia among troops in Iraq, according to the Pentagon.

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US troops before a raid in Iraq 

Credit: EPA/PA

From 1 March to 30 July about 100 cases of pneumonia were reported …

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Randomised controlled trial of integrated care to reduce disability from chronic low back pain in working and private life
Authors: L. C Lambeek, W. van Mechelen, D. L Knol, P. Loisel, J. R Anema
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated care programme, combining a patient directed and a workplace directed intervention, for patients with chronic low back pain. <b>Design</b> Population based randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Primary care (10 physiotherapy practices, one occupational health service, one occupational therapy practice) and secondary care (five hospitals). <b>Participants</b> 134 adults aged 18-65 sick listed for at least 12 weeks owing to low back pain. <b>Intervention</b> Patients were randomly assigned to usual care (n=68) or integrated care (n=66). Integrated care consisted of a workplace intervention based on participatory ergonomics, involving a supervisor, and a graded activity programme based on cognitive behavioural principles. <b>Main outcome measures</b> The primary outcome was the duration of time off work (work disability) due to low back pain until full sustainable return to work. Secondary outcome measures were intensity of pain and functional status. <b>Results</b> The median duration until sustainable return to work was 88 days in the integrated care group compared with 208 days in the usual care group (P=0.003). Integrated care was effective on return to work (hazard ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.8, P=0.004). After 12 months, patients in the integrated care group improved significantly more on functional status compared with patients in the usual care group (P=0.01). Improvement of pain between the groups did not differ significantly. <b>Conclusion</b> The integrated care programme substantially reduced disability due to chronic low back pain in private and working life. <b>Trial registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN28478651.
Characteristics and outcome of immune thrombocytopenia in elderly: Results from a single center case‐controlled study
Authors: Marc Michel, Odile Beyne Rauzy, Francoise Roudot Thoraval, Laetitia Languille, Mehdi Khellaf, Philippe Bierling, Bertrand Godeau
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

The management of ITP in elderly raises several questions that have not been fully addressed in the literature. To assess the impact of ITP in elderly, a case-control study was performed. The main characteristics at onset and the outcome of ITP in 55 patients aged of 70 years and above (cases) were compared with those of 97 younger adults (controls) seen at the same tertiary referral institution. The mean age at diagnosis was respectively 77.8±6.1 years (cases) and 40.3±14.9 years (controls). While the median platelet count at time of diagnosis was not significantly different in cases and controls (6×10(9) /L, range: 2-26 versus 12×10(9) /L: 5-21.5), bleeding symptoms were more frequent in cases (82%) than in the controls (68%, p=0.07), and the median bleeding score was significantly higher in elderly (p=0.001). The rate of treatment-related adverse events was more than twofold higher in elderly patients and the mean cumulative duration of hospital stay for ITP during the follow-up period was much longer when compared to the controls (p<0.0001). Three ITP-related deaths (5.4%) including 1 from intracranial hemorrhage occurred in the cases but none in the controls. In conclusion, this study confirms that at equivalent platelet count, ITP has a greater impact in elderly.
Length-dependence of activation in isolated cardiac muscle and in the whole heart
Authors: C G NICHOLS, W ROUSE, B R JEWELL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Journal Article Length-dependence of activation in isolated cardiac muscle and in the whole heart Get access C G NICHOLS, C G NICHOLS From ICI Pharmaceuticals plc Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK104TG and the Department of Physiology, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W ROUSE, W ROUSE From ICI Pharmaceuticals plc Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK104TG and the Department of Physiology, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B R JEWELL B R JEWELL From ICI Pharmaceuticals plc Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK104TG and the Department of Physiology, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 19, Issue 9, September 1985, Page 522, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/19.9.522 Published: 01 September 1985
The American Right to Bear Arms
Authors: Leonard H. Glantz
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Gerald L. Mandell, R. G. Douglas, J. E. Bennett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1980Error in Principles and Practice of Infectious DiseasesGERALD L. MANDELL, M.D. (editor), R. G. DOUGLAS, M.D. (editor), J. E. BENNETT, M.D. (editor)GERALD L. MANDELL, M.D. (editor)Search for more papers by this author, R. G. DOUGLAS, M.D. (editor)Search for more papers by this author, J. E. BENNETT, M.D. (editor)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-6-875_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: There is a potentially serious typographical error inPrinciples and Practice of Infectious Diseases(1). Table 4, p. 2107, should state that intravenous quinine for malaria is to be given over 60 minutes. The corresponding text is correct....Reference1. MANDELLDOUGLASBENNETT GRJ eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; 1979:2107. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEcthyma gangrenosum: an important feature of pseudomonal sepsis in a previously well childBibliography 1 June 1980Volume 92, Issue 6Page: 875-875KeywordsInfectious diseasesMalariaQuinine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reducing the Rate of Cesarean Deliveries
Authors: Ralph W. Hale
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The article by King and Lahiri,<sup>1</sup>reported elsewhere in this issue ofThe Journal, attempts to quantify factors influencing the incidence of vaginal birth after a previous cesarean delivery (VBAC). From a retrospective analysis of data on 13944 births occurring in 1989 to New York State women with a history of cesarean delivery, the authors report small increases in the odds of VBAC for those women with higher levels of education, who delivered in hospitals with intensive and intermediate neonatal care facilities, and who were members of health maintenance organizations. They did not find any effect of professional liability factors on VBAC rates. King and Lahiri are to be commended for undertaking this difficult and arduous task. This report is especially timely following recent reports on the rates of unnecessary cesarean delivery. A scientifically based analysis of the reasons for and against repeat cesarean delivery is clearly needed. The
Diagnosis of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Infective Endocarditis after Steadily Negative Blood Cultures
Authors: Martin Rottman, Béatrice Hanau-Berçot, Maurice Fiszbin, Laurent Raskine, Jérôme Gravisse, Charles Caulin, Marie-José Sanson-Le Pors
Journal: Journal of Infection (2002)