tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Environmental factors altering thyroid function and their assessment.
Authors: C P Barsano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Chronic ingestion of modest doses of dietary iodine, radiation, and polyhalogenated biphenyls (PCB's and PBB's) are environmental factors with known or suspected adverse effects on the human thyroid. Iodine consumption in the United States is approaching 1 mg daily for a large segment of the population. Data are reviewed which support the need for concern regarding the long-term adverse effects of dietary iodine on thyroid function, particularly in certain susceptible individuals. Environmental sources of radiation pose a significant risk of thyroid cancer and hypothyroidism under certain circumstances which may be intentional, inadvertent, or accidental. Exposure to polyhalogenated biphenyls during manufacture or as industrial pollutants are hazardous to man and to wildlife in moderate or large quantities and perhaps also in small amounts. The need to investigate the potential harm posed by these factors in the quantities commonly encountered is emphasized.
Cremasteric Cramp with Testicular Retraction
Authors: J. A. Baty
Journal: BMJ (1956)

During the past decade I have dealt with at least half a dozen patients in whom spasmodic cremasteric spasm with testicular retraction has been a distressing disability.In these cases one or both testes have been held temporarily at or near the sup_rficial inguinal ring, causing intense discomfort until relaxation of the cremasteric cramp eventually brought relief.Other surgeons in this country must surely have encountered the condition, but they have either failed to recognize it or have not recorded their observations.From America, McDonald and Mayo (1939) give details of a single case having cremasteric tic with hypertrophy of the cremaster muscle, and Muschat (1941) describes a case of bilateral hypertrophy of the cremaster muscle with spa$ticity,
Arg60 to Leu mutation of the human thromboxane A2 receptor in a dominantly inherited bleeding disorder.
Authors: T Hirata, A Kakizuka, F Ushikubi, I Fuse, M Okuma, S Narumiya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Recent advances in molecular genetics have revealed the mechanisms underlying a variety of inherited human disorders. Among them, mutations in G protein-coupled receptors have clearly demonstrated two types of abnormalities, namely loss of function and constitutive activation of the receptors. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor is a member of the family of G protein-coupled receptors and performs an essential role in hemostasis by interacting with TXA2 to induce platelet aggregation. Here we identify a single amino acid substitution (Arg60-->Leu) in the first cytoplasmic loop of the TXA2 receptor in a dominantly inherited bleeding disorder characterized by defective platelet response to TXA2. This mutation was found exclusively in affected members of two unrelated families with the disorder. The mutant receptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells showed decreased agonist-induced second messenger formation despite its normal ligand binding affinities. These results suggest that the Arg60 to Leu mutation is responsible for the disorder. Moreover, dominant inheritance of the disorder suggests the possibility that the mutation produces a dominant negative TXA2 receptor.
Corticosteroids and pustular psoriasis
Authors: HARVEY BAKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Journal Article Corticosteroids and pustular psoriasis Get access HARVEY BAKER HARVEY BAKER Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, Whitechapel, London EI IBB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 94, Issue s12, 1 March 1976, Pages 83–87, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1976.tb02274.x Published: 01 March 1976
Linezolid-Induced Lactic Acidosis
Authors: Aaron A. Apodaca, Robert M. Rakita
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Cough and Bronchial Responsiveness in Firefighters at the World Trade Center Siteto the editor: Prezant and colleagues (Sept.12 issue) 1 describe cough and bronchial responsiveness in firefighters at the World Trade Center.They attribute the observed sinusitis, bronchial hyperreactivity, and bronchial responsiveness to dust inhalation.Although the dust had settled after six days, the peak incidence of disability occurred in late October and early November.This points to an illness with two phases, with World Trade Center cough representing a late-phase reaction.If this is to be an adequate explanation, we must account for sinusitis, bronchial hyperreactivity, and bronchial responsiveness among healthy firefighters exposed to the dust from the collapsed buildings.Aspergillus is known to cause allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and allergic sinusitis.A well-known risk factor is building demolition. 2 The incubation period ranges between 36 hours and three months. 3 The thickening of the bronchial walls seen by Prezant and colleagues on computed tomography (CT) is compatible with this diagnosis. 4 The decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ), with the stable FEV 1 /FVC ratio and normal carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, is also consistent with a diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis. 4 Findings on bronchoscopy, findings on examination of bronchoalveolar-lavage specimens, and specific IgE test results are not reported; these tests could have helped establish the diagnosis.Aspergillus-specific IgE should be sought in persons with World Trade Center cough, and polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) analysis to detect aspergillus should be performed in available sputum or bronchoalveolar-lavage specimens.
THE ADVANTAGES OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL CLINICS IN UNDERGRADUATE TEACHING
Authors: ROBERT T. MILLER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

No thoughtful observer of undergraduate medical teaching fails to be impressed by the multiplicity and diversity of interests that literally assail the student. With few exceptions, these young men and women enter the medical school with hardly more than such scattered bits of technical information as have been picked up during several leisurely spent years of liberal training; in general, our colleges do not conceive their purpose to be the provision of a purely technical training bearing directly on the study of medicine, a decision that is sound as well as all but forced on them if they are to effect in their students a general cultural development. The schools of medicine are therefore required to crowd into four years, which represent roughly 4,000 school hours, an ever increasing number of subjects. Medical thought is steadily advancing into fresh and highly specialized fields of endeavor, and from most of these
Renal Damage Caused by Warm Ischaemia During Laparoscopic and Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: An Assessment Using Tc 99m-DTPA Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Jae Duck Choi, Jong Wook Park, Joon Young Choi, Hong Seok Kim, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Han Yong Choi, Seong Il Seo
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Application of bimolecular fluorescence complementation in studying the topology of polytopic proteins
Authors: Xingya Chang, Fei Dou
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay has proven very useful to detect protein-protein interaction, protein-DNA/RNA interaction and protein-ligand interaction under physiological condition or near-physiological condition, even the interaction is too weak or too transient to be detected by other assays such as Co-IP or Y2H. Here, instead of studying two proteins interaction, we report a novel, intramolecular application of BiFC in studying the topology of proteins with multi transmembrane domains. Polytopic protein Presenilin 1 (PS1) is a critical component of the gamma-secretase complex that is responsible for the intramembranous cleavage of several type I transmembrane proteins. Although essential for a correct understanding of structure-function relationships, its exact topology used to be an issue of strong controversy. According to the Kyte-Doolittle plot, PS1 has ten hydrophobic regions (HR) potentially to be alpha-helical transmembrane domains. Mature PS1 protein undergoes endoproteolysis resulting in stable NH2and COOH-terminal fragments (PS1-NTF and -CTF). All published models agree that the first six HR cross the membrane, implying a consensus for the topology of the PS1-NTF. In contrast, the localization of the last HR caused the most diversity. Most topology models for PS1, especially studies carried out on SEL-12, place its HR 10 in the cytosolic space. However, several recent observations suggest that HR10 may be integrated into the membrane. Method In the experiments presented here, we have investigated the topology of PS1-CTF by using BiFC. The fluorescent protein Venus was split at 173aa to generate two fragments, the NH2-terminal fragment of Venus (VN) and the COOH-terminal fragment of Venus (VC). The VN and VC fragments were fused to the both ends of the test protein respectively. Our hypothesis is that if the test protein span the membrane odd times, due to the barrier of lipid bilayer, the two fragments of Venus are not able to reach each other to accomplish the reconstitution, hence no fluorescent signal will be observed; on the other hand, when the test protein is with even times trans-membrane domains, the VN and VC have the opportunity to be brought together and the fluorescent signal will be detected.
Middel-molecular-weight inhibitor of DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes in blood from fulminant liver failure patients
Authors: H YAMADA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We investigated the expression of Fas antigen (CD95) in the pure erythroid cell line AS-E2 in the presence and absence of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). TNF-α induced apoptosis in AS-E2 cells, whereas IFN-γ did not. In culture containing no IFN-γ or TNF-α, AS-E2 cells expressed little Fas antigen. However, IFN-γ and TNF-α both induced expression of Fas antigen and its mRNA within 24 hours after the stimulation. When anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (IgM) was added to AS-E2 cells after the induction of Fas expression, AS-E2 cells underwent apoptosis as shown by the induction of DNA fragmentation. This apoptotic change was inhibited by an inhibitor of caspase-3-like proteases (Ac-DEVD-CHO) and an inhibitor of CED-3/ICE family proteases (Z-Asp-CH2-DCB) but not by an inhibitor of caspase-1-like proteases (Ac-YVAD-CHO), suggesting a role for caspase-3-like proteases in Fas-receptor signaling. Although AS-E2 cells expressed Fas ligand mRNA, treatment with ZB4, an antibody that inhibits Fas-mediated cell death, failed to suppress IFN-γ– or TNF-α–mediated cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that the late erythroid progenitor cells are negatively regulated by IFN-γ and TNF-α, both of which are capable of inducing functional Fas expression.
Impact of autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation on hemodynamics and left ventricular function in repeated coronary microembolization-induced heart failure in awake dogs
Authors: Kun-Lun He, Hua Zhou, Geng-Hua Yi, Eva M. Becker, Warren Sherman, An-Guo Gu, Jack Harvey, Race Kao, Ge-Ping Zhang, Satoshi Mohri, Myung J. Lee, Jie Wang, Daniel Burkhoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Genome-wide association study identifies eight new risk loci for polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Yongyong Shi, Han Zhao, Yuhua Shi, Yunxia Cao, Dongzi Yang, Zhiqiang Li, Bo Zhang, Xiaoyan Liang, Tao Li, Jianhua Chen, Jiawei Shen, Junzhao Zhao, Li You, Xuan Gao, Dongyi Zhu, Xiaoming Zhao, Ying Yan, Yingying Qin, Wenjin Li, Junhao Yan, Qingzhong Wang, Junli Zhao, Ling Geng, Jinlong Ma, Yueran Zhao, Guang He, Aiping Zhang, Shuhua Zou, Aijun Yang, Jiayin Liu, Weidong Li, Baojie Li, Chunling Wan, Ying Qin, Juanzi Shi, Jing Yang, Hong Jiang, Jin-e Xu, Xiujuan Qi, Yun Sun, Yajie Zhang, Cuifang Hao, Xiuqing Ju, Dongni Zhao, Chun-e Ren, Xiuqing Li, Wei Zhang, Yiwen Zhang, Jiangtao Zhang, Di Wu, Changming Zhang, Lin He, Zi-Jiang Chen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
The exiled tribe: don't forget overseas members of the BMA
Authors: S. Kisely
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—I write to draw attention to the position of overseas members of the British Medical Association. The BMA's representative structures are based entirely on doctors who live in the United Kingdom. Without access to any of these, overseas members have no influence on the association's decisions and can't even find out about what is going on as they don't receive …
P244The possible modulating role of protease nexin 1 and plasmin/plasmingen associated to ldl receptor-related protein-1 in the pathogenesis of human ascending aortic aneurysm
Authors: L F Borges, L T Diniz, G D R Mello, R R Dias, P S Gutierrez, J B Michel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) refers to an abnormal progressive dilation of the aorta involving all 3 layers, histopathologically characterized by fibrillar extracellular matrix breakdown and the presence of large areas containing mucoid material. All this degradation is a result of the action of metalloproteinases activated via plasmin through its activators. Recently we showed: the action of the fibrinolytic system on the wall of the aorta with aneurysm, the presence of plasminogen/plasmin on the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) surface and inside cytoplasmic vesicles, as well as the overexpression of protease nexin 1 (PN1). Increased expression of PN1 suggests a response of VSMCs to proteolysis by blocking the action of MMPs and thus preventing the advance of the disease. Our hypothesis is that PN-1 binds to plasmin and this complex is endocytosed via low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), thus inactivating this serine-protease. This study aimed to verify the expression of LRP1 and to evaluate its possible interaction (co-location) with PN-1 and plasminogen/plasmin in the tunica media of normal and aneurysmal aortas. Sections of aortas from cases of TAA (n=4) and controls (n=4) were analyzed by immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence to LRP-1, plasminogen/plasmin and PN-1. Sections of aortas with aneurysms showed high presence and co-localization between LRP1, plasminogen/plasmin and PN1. In contrast, normal aortas showed low presence of PN1, LRP1 and plasminogen/plasmin, it is not possible to observe a high co-location. These findings strengthen our hypothesis of endocytosis of PN1/plasmin complex via LRP1 and the modulating role of PN1 in thoracic aortic aneurysms.
YELLOW FEVER; ITS NATURE AND CAUSE.
Authors: EUGENE WASDIN
Journal: JAMA (1900)

From the earliest history of yellow fever in our country there have been evidences of its having been imported from some foreign place, usually the countries to the southward within the tropics. This importation has usually taken place during the prevalence of warm weather in the spring, summer or fall months, and could be traced to one of the intertropic endemic centers. During cold weather, the disease would disappear either entirely or to a great extent. Its continued presence, however, from year to year in some of our southern cities, and its recrudescence with the advent of the warm weather of the spring, following its epidemic presence during the summer, induced numbers of prominent observers to believe that this disease was indigenous to our southern latitudes, and, like malarial infections, depended on unsanitary conditions. The cessation of the fever following the institution of an adequate system of maritime quarantine protection
Nicotine prevents a reduction in neutrophil filterability induced by cigarette smoke exposure.
Authors: K Aoshiba, A Nagai, K Konno
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Decreased deformability of neutrophils exposed to cigarette smoke is considered a determinant of neutrophil sequestration within the pulmonary microvasculature, which may be a risk for the development of pulmonary emphysema. In this study we examined the effect of nicotine, a major cigarette component, on the reduction in neutrophil deformability, measured as cell filterability, after exposed to cigarette smoke. Neutrophils were exposed to smoke by incubating them in an aqueous solution of smoke extracts. Filterability of neutrophils was studied by a vertical filtration technique by measuring their ability to pass through a micropore membrane and expressed as membrane resistance. There was a negative relationship between membrane resistance after exposure to whole smoke and the nicotine content of the cigarettes tested. Whole smoke increased the membrane resistance less than gas-phase smoke, from which almost all nicotine had been excluded. Addition of nicotine, glutathione, alpha-tocopherol, thymol, and erythrocytes prevented the increase in membrane resistance following gas-phase smoke exposure. Nicotine also protected against an increase in membrane resistance against the effect of chloramine-T and hydrogen peroxide, but it provided no protection from superoxide radical generated from a xanthine-xanthine oxidase mixture of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine. These results suggest that nicotine prevents the reduction in neutrophil filterability, probably by scavenging oxidants present in the cigarette smoke.
Credentials vs Incompetence
Authors: John A. Benson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In his commentary (235:1849, 1976), Dr Aring and Dr Wolf, in an editorial, suggested that specialty boards be phased out. The readers ofThe Journalshould understand that standard-setting need not standardize and that examinations do not equal certification. Certification is a process that now extends far beyond an examination. Qualifications for admission to examinations include not "much the same training" for all candidates but a diversity of training in a variety of hospitals with varying emphases on basic science and general internal medicine and its subspecialties. The Board's requirements represent a minimum, and the training of many candidates transcends that minimum. Moreover, in North America, training programs are required to meet the published guidelines of residency review committees, and they are subjected to external accreditation at regular intervals. To reduce rigidity and increase flexibility, many boards are generous in their acceptance of the diverse training and
Dobutamine stress echocardiography results correlate with intracoronary doppler measures of coronary flow reserve
Authors: Kenneth W. House, David M. Lasorda, Sinda B. Dianzumba, Christopher M. Kramer, Peter A. Soukas, Tony G. Farah, Nathaniel Reichek, James D. Joye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
DELAYED LEFT VENTRICULAR RELAXATION DUE TO SMOKING IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS: A STRAIN-IMAGING STUDY
Authors: Konstantinos Farsalinos, Dimitrios Tsiapras, Stamatis Kyrzopoulos, Eleni Avramidou, Dimitra Vassilopoulou, Vasilios Voudris
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
TCT-692 Impact of Treatment Strategy on Clinical Outcomes Differs Between Patients with Left Main and those with Non-Left Main Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Young Bin Song, Jin-Ho Choi, Seung-Hyuk Choi, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon, Joo-Yong Hahn, Sang Hoon Lee, Jeong Hoon Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Erratum: Mutations in different components of FGF signaling in LADD syndrome
Authors: Edyta Rohmann, Han G Brunner, Hülya Kayserili, Oya Uyguner, Gudrun Nürnberg, Erin D Lew, Angus Dobbie, Veraragavan P Eswarakumar, Abdullah Uzumcu, Melike Ulubil-Emeroglu, Jules G Leroy, Yun Li, Christian Becker, Kai Lehnerdt, Cor W R J Cremers, Memnune Yüksel-Apak, Peter Nürnberg, Christian Kubisch, Joseph Schlessinger, Hans van Bokhoven, Bernd Wollnik
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Abstract 1081: The role of calcium in relationship of microtubule stabilization, mitotic arrest, and apoptosis induced by Taxol in breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhi Pan, Lauren Gollahon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Our previous study showed that Taxol, an important anticancer agent for breast cancer, directly releases calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), promoting subsequent apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Taxol also stabilizes microtubules, causing mitotic arrest. The relationship between these events and apoptosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between calcium regulation, mitotic arrest and apoptosis induced by Taxol treatment. Objective &amp; Specific Aims: To accomplish this, we (1) Visualized the microtubule changes induced by Taxol at different dosages after different exposure times, (2) Quantified the cell cycle arrest induced by Taxol at different dosages after different exposure times, (3) Analyzed whether agents that interfere with intracellular calcium fluxes affect microtubule stabilization, mitotic arrest and apoptosis during Taxol treatment. Study Method: Breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 were treated with two Taxol dosages (∼10−7M and ∼10−6M). Microtubule changes were detected using immunocytochemistry. Cell cycle analysis was detected using flow cytometry. Cells were pretreated with the cytosolic calcium chelator BAPTA-AM and the ER calcium inhibitor 2-APB to interfere with the calcium changes induced by Taxol. This allowed us to determine whether Taxol-induced mitotic arrest was calcium dependent. Free cytosolic calcium changes were measured by Fluo-AM calcium dye, and ER calcium changes were specifically measured by the advanced calcium cameleon D1ER. Results &amp; Relevance: Our data showed that microtubule stabilization and mitotic arrest were observed (6h) before significant apoptosis occurred at 12h exposure. Pretreatment of calcium agents inhibited both mitotic arrest and apoptosis induced by Taxol. High (∼10−6M) dosage Taxol induced calcium-promoting mitotic arrest, whereas low (∼10−7M) dosage Taxol did not. A similar pattern was also observed in our previous apoptosis analysis, indicating calcium, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis are tightly associated with each other and need further investigation. In summary, our results suggest elucidating the role of calcium is essential to understand the process through which the widely used anticancer agent Taxol induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis. It will provide new insights into the action of Taxol and aid in the development of more effective breast cancer therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1081.
STENT THROMBOSIS AFTER EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING VERSUS PACLITAXEL-ELUTING CORONARY STENTS: INSIGHTS FROM THE SPIRIT II, SPIRIT III, SPIRIT IV AND COMPARE POOLED DATABASE
Authors: Pieter Smits, Elvin Kedhi, Dean J. Kereiakes, Patrick W. Serruys, Helen Parise, Martin Fahy, Gregg Stone, Maasstad Ziekenhuis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)