tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poor Control of Risk Factors for Vascular Disease Among Adults With Previously Diagnosed Diabetes
Authors: Sharon H. Saydah
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Control of blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels is proven to reduce the risk of vascular disease among individuals with diabetes mellitus; however, the current state of control of these risk factors among individuals in the United States is uncertain.To examine 1999-2000 national data on control of risk factors for vascular disease among adults with previously diagnosed diabetes and to assess trends during the past decade.Review of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, conducted 1988-1994) and NHANES 1999-2000, cross-sectional surveys of a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized civilian US population. Participants were adults aged 20 years and older with previously diagnosed diabetes who participated in both the interview and examination in either NHANES III (n = 1265) or NHANES 1999-2000 (n = 441).Levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure, and total serum cholesterol in reference to target goals.Compared with NHANES III, participants with previously diagnosed diabetes in NHANES 1999-2000 were similar by age and sex, were less likely to be non-Hispanic white, were diagnosed at an earlier age, had a higher body mass index, and were more likely to use insulin in combination with oral agents. In NHANES 1999-2000, only 37.0% of participants achieved the target goal of HbA1c level less than 7.0% and 37.2% of participants were above the recommended "take action" HbA1c level of greater than 8.0%; these percentages did not change significantly from NHANES III (P =.11 and P =.87, respectively). Only 35.8% of participants achieved the target of systolic blood pressure (SBP) less than 130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) less than 80 mm Hg, and 40.4% had hypertensive blood pressure levels (SBP > or =140 or DBP > or =90 mm Hg). These percentages did not change significantly from NHANES III (P =.10 and P =.56, respectively). Over half (51.8%) of the participants in NHANES 1999-2000 had total cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dL or greater (vs 66.1% in NHANES III; P<.001). In total, only 7.3% (95% confidence interval, 2.8%-11.9%) of adults with diabetes in NHANES 1999-2000 attained recommended goals of HbA1c level less than 7%, blood pressure less than 130/80 mm Hg, and total cholesterol level less than 200 mg/dL (5.18 mmol/L).Further public health efforts are needed to control risk factors for vascular disease among individuals with diagnosed diabetes.
Patient-specific electromechanical models of the heart for the prediction of pacing acute effects in CRT: A preliminary clinical validation
Authors: M. Sermesant, R. Chabiniok, P. Chinchapatnam, T. Mansi, F. Billet, P. Moireau, J.M. Peyrat, K. Wong, J. Relan, K. Rhode, M. Ginks, P. Lambiase, H. Delingette, M. Sorine, C.A. Rinaldi, D. Chapelle, R. Razavi, N. Ayache
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2011)
Vision or heresy
Authors: D MacAuley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

Warm upLooking out on a cold grey February day, few daydreams have more appeal than sunshine, the deep blue sky, and the freedom and exhilaration of the ski slope.Mountain peaks and pure green forests, the colour and the glamour, and the rush of wind through your hair.Only a spoilsport would introduce rules and regulations, guidelines, and safety recommendations to such a natural healthy environment.That is, until someone is killed.Adrienne Rees-Jones takes us through the arguments and encourages us all to wear helmets (p3).Reading this piece we would all agree that the real test comes on the piste.Another test of rules and regulations is rugby.In this issue we publish a paper from each hemisphere, each one highlighting the challenge to make rugby one of the most exciting, entertaining, and competitive team games, safer without spoiling the spectacle.Garraway and his colleagues (p37) look at the tackle, and, in particular, at the personal and player related factors of rugby injuries.One of the great strengths of this study is the methodology.Presenting a list of injuries in one team, one season, or one region tells us little about the overall pattern or rate of injury, but this is a prospective case-control study and it highlights the dangers of high speed tackles outside the players' line of vision.Injury to the cervical spine has devastating implications, and Secin et al (p33) reviewed 18 cases of disabling cervion July 19, 2023 by guest.
Epigenetic polymorphism and the stochastic formation of differentially methylated regions in normal and cancerous tissues
Authors: Gilad Landan, Netta Mendelson Cohen, Zohar Mukamel, Amir Bar, Alina Molchadsky, Ran Brosh, Shirley Horn-Saban, Daniela Amann Zalcenstein, Naomi Goldfinger, Adi Zundelevich, Einav Nili Gal-Yam, Varda Rotter, Amos Tanay
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
WASSERMANN TESTS AND VACCINATION
Authors: Robert D. Barnard
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To the Editor:—  In a communication toThe Journal(Aug. 10, 1940, p. 475) commenting on my report of a patient whose blood showed a series of positive reactions for syphilis following successful vaccination for variola (Illinois M. J.77:78 [Jan.] 1940) Drs. A. P. Bay and M. I. Sankstone stated that I had attributed this effect to vaccinia. I am sorry that this imputation should have been drawn from my report, which merely recorded the observations. It is not proper to draw conclusions from the report of a single case of this type. Nor can the conclusions of Drs. Bay and Sankstone that because they had examined 100 serologically negative persons both before and after vaccinia inoculation with negative results be held to minimize the importance of this type of vaccination as a source of error in the presumptive blood serologic reactions for syphilis.  Considering what has been
Epidemiology of accidental radiation exposures.
Authors: E Cardis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Much of the information on the health effects of radiation exposure available to date comes from long-term studies of the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Accidental exposures, such as those resulting from the Chernobyl and Kyshtym accidents, have as yet provided little information concerning health effects of ionizing radiation. This paper will present the current state of our knowledge concerning radiation effects, review major large-scale accidental radiation exposures, and discuss information that could be obtained from studies of accidental exposures and the types of studies that are needed.
Correction: Adenosine for Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: J.P. DiMarco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters15 December 1990Correction: Adenosine for Supraventricular TachycardiaJ.P. DiMarcoJ.P. DiMarcoAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-996_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDue to a typographic error in a recent article (1), Figure 1 incorrectly indicates that the verapamil group received the second injection over 2 minutes. The correct duration is 2 seconds....Reference1. DiMarcoMilesAkhtar JWM. Adenosine for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: dose ranging and comparison with verapamil. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:104-10. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J.P. DiMarco PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPart 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life SupportRapid heart rate in a 47-year-old male 15 December 1990Volume 113, Issue 12Page: 996-996KeywordsAdenosineTachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Expression of p53, p21 CIP1/WAF1 and eIF4E in the adjacent tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma: establishing the molecular boundary and a cancer progression model
Authors: Yi Li, Bo Li, Bo Xu, Bo Han, Hui Xia, Qian-Ming Chen, Long-Jiang Li
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2015)

The present study evaluated the expression of key molecules and the status of DNA in both oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and adjacent tissues to establish a molecular surgical boundary and provide a cancer progression model. Biopsy samples from 50 OSCC patients were divided into T (cancer), P1 (0–0.5 cm), P2 (0.5–1 cm), P3 (1–1.5 cm) and P4 (1.5–2 cm) groups based on the distances from the visible boundary of the primary focus. Twenty samples of normal mucosa were used as controls. We used immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry to evaluate p53, p21 CIP1/WAF1 , eIF4E and Ki-67 expression and to determine DNA status, respectively. Sub-mucosal invasion was present in the P1 and P2 groups as determined by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Mutant p53 expression decreased gradually from cancerous to normal mucosae, whereas p21 CIP1/WAF1 expression displayed an opposite trend. eIF4E expression decreased from cancerous to normal mucosae. Ki-67 expression, the heteroploidy ratio, S-phase fraction and proliferative index decreased gradually with the distance from the tumour centre. Based on these results, we suggest that the resection boundary in OSCC surgery should be beyond 2 cm from the tumour. Additionally, the adjacent tissues of the primary focus could be used as a model for assessing cancer progression. Surgical removal of apparently normal tissue adjacent to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumors could improve patient outcomes. OSCC is the most common oral cancer and survival rates are only around 50%, mainly due to local recurrence. Long-Jiang Li, at Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, and colleagues, examined 50 biopsy samples from patients treated for OSCC and found that tissues up to 2 cm away from the visible border of the tumor could be pre-cancerous. A gradual decrease in the expression of cancer-related molecules from the tumor to surrounding tissue suggests that some cells, despite their normal appearance, have begun to transform into tumor-forming cells. By determining the molecular boundary of OSCC tumors, these findings help to establish a safer surgical margin which fully removes precancerous tissue and thus lowers the risk of recurrence.
Rheumatism in dockers and civil servants. A comparison of heavy manual and sedentary workers.
Authors: R E Partridge, J J Duthie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1968)

Survey Unit of the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council since 1961 has undertaken broad surveys of the prevalence and social and economic effects of rheumatic complaints among workers in several industries and occupations.Previous communications have given the results of surveys of men working in a coal mine (Anderson, Duthie, and Moody, 1962) and a naval dockyard (Anderson and Duthie, 1963), an electronic engineer- ing factory (Partridge, Anderson, McCarthy, and Duthie, 1965), and a group of iron foundries (Partridge, Anderson, McCarthy, and Duthie, 1968).To obtain information on as wide a range of occupations and working environments as possible, two further groups of men have been studied.They are (a) civil servants in a government department and
Predicting Outcome in Neuroblastoma
Authors: R.P. Castleberry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor in children that arises from primordial neural-crest cells destined to populate the adrenal gland and sympathetic ganglia, hence its varied clinical presentation and course. It accounts for 8 to 10 percent of all childhood cancers and for 15 percent of cancer-related deaths in children.1 The distinctive nature of this neoplasm lies in its remarkable ability to resolve spontaneously while also being notoriously aggressive in older children with metastatic disease. The challenge for research on neuroblastoma over the past decade has been to improve the clinician's ability to predict the risk of relapse for any given . . .
Sinus node automaticity during atrial fibrillation in isolated rabbit hearts.
Authors: C J Kirchhof, M A Allessie
Journal: Circulation (1992)

It is still unclear what role the sinus node may play in the genesis or perpetuation of atrial fibrillation. Therefore, we studied the electrical activity in different regions of the sinus node during atrial fibrillation.In Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts, paroxysms of atrial fibrillation were induced by burst pacing. Standard microelectrode techniques were used to record transmembrane potentials from different regions of the sinus node. We found that during atrial fibrillation, a high degree (5:1) of sinoatrial entrance block was present that protected the pacemaker fibers in the center of the sinus node against the high rate of fibrillatory impulses. As a result, the true pacemaker fibers in the center of the node were activated with only a slightly higher average rate than during sinus rhythm. Spontaneous diastolic depolarization was still present but was modulated by electrotonic depolarizations due to intranodal conduction block of atrial fibrillatory impulses. Incidentally, phase 4 depolarization resulted in the generation of spontaneous action potentials in the sinus node. However, the high activation rate in the sinoatrial border during atrial fibrillation prevented these spontaneous impulses to exit from the sinus node. Because of the minimal degree of sinus node overdrive suppression (9%) and the presence of concealed automaticity during atrial fibrillation, spontaneous termination of atrial fibrillation was promptly followed by resumption of normal sinus rhythm.During atrial fibrillation, sinus automaticity still is present in the center of the sinus node and hardly overdrive suppressed due to a high degree of sinoatrial entrance block.
Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine
Authors: Ted J. Kaptchuk, David M. Eisenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters3 August 1999Alternative Views on Alternative MedicineTed J. Kaptchuk, OMD and David M. Eisenberg, MDTed J. Kaptchuk, OMDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Kaptchuk)Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Eisenberg)Search for more papers by this author and David M. Eisenberg, MDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Kaptchuk)Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Eisenberg)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The difficulty of finding an adequate term for conventional medicine in the context of the UnitedStates' pluralist medical environment is reflected in the diverse nomenclature used in the responses to our article on alternative medicine. These four thoughtful letters use terms that range from “scientific,” “allopathic,” or just plain “medicine,” to “orthodox medicine” to “traditional (scientific)” medicine. Dr. Bagley criticizes our adoption of the term “biomedicine.” This term is commonly used by scholars to describe “the established institutional structure of thedominant profession of medicine … while also conjuring the primacyof its epistemological and ontological commitments” (1). The term ...References1. Kleinman A. Writings at the Margin: Discourse between Anthropology and Medicine. Berkeley: Univ of California Pr; 1995:25. Google Scholar2. Kaptchuk TJ. In the name of medicine [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:589. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Kaptchuk TJ, Eisenberg DM. Chiropractic: origins, controversies, and contributions. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:2215-24. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Kleinman A. Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture. Berkeley: Univ of California Pr; 1980. Google Scholar5. Fuller RC. Alternative Medicine and American Religious Life. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 1989. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Kaptchuk)Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215(Eisenberg) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Persuasive Appeal of Alternative Medicine Ted J. Kaptchuk and David M. Eisenberg Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Charles M. Bagley Jr. Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Allen F. Shaughnessy Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Arunabha Ganguly Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Edzard Ernst More on Alternative Medicine Michael J. Sergeant More on Alternative Medicine Ted J. Kaptchuk Metrics Cited ByMore on Alternative MedicineMichael J. Sergeant, MD 3 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 3Page: 230KeywordsPerceptionTraditional medicine Issue Published: 3 August 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
H4R3 methylation facilitates β-globin transcription by regulating histone acetyltransferase binding and H3 acetylation
Authors: Xingguo Li, Xin Hu, Bhavita Patel, Zhuo Zhou, Shermi Liang, River Ybarra, Yi Qiu, Gary Felsenfeld, Jörg Bungert, Suming Huang
Journal: Blood (2010)
HINARI: bridging the global information divide: Fig 1
Authors: Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Health care is unequally distributed between the developed and developing worlds, which is matched by unequal distribution of health information. The information gap between rich and poor countries is so great it has been argued that “providing access to reliable health information for health workers in developing countries is potentially the single most cost effective and achievable strategy for sustainable improvement in health care.”1 So far, the most successful initiative to bridge this gap is the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI).

“In HINARI lies the seed of a knowledge revolution,” said Gro Harlem Brundtland, director of the World Health Organization. “The knowledge gap between rich and poor must be overcome if we are to reduce poverty. The information made available through HINARI will help developing countries in improving skills, developing research and, by extension, to save lives.”2

In April 2000, a group of researchers from developing countries, convened by the World Health Organisation (WHO), concluded that the best way to help with their information problems was to improve their access to the published literature (Aronson B, personal communication). At that time, 56% of institutions in the lowest income countries had no current subscriptions to international journals and 21% averaged only two journal subscriptions.3

WHO realised that the recent revolution in information technology had opened up an opportunity for addressing information poverty. Compared with the £50 or more that it costs to send a paper copy of a weekly journal to an institution in Africa for a year, it costs publishers virtually nothing to give that same institution free access to an electronic edition of a journal.4 Publishers in the developed world are unlikely to incur significant financial loss by offering free or reduced price access to their online material, but they may benefit from …
Progressive Arterial Occlusive Disease (Köhlmeier–Degos)
Authors: W. E. Strole, Wallace H. Clark, Kurt J. Isselbacher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

IN 1941 Köhlmeier1 described a twenty-one-year-old man with a papular skin eruption and multiple intestinal perforations. The intestinal process was interpreted as a thromboangiitis obliterans of the mesenteric vessels. Degos et al.,2 in 1942, presented a case with a similar skin eruption but considered the pathology to be quite distinct and suggested the name "atrophic papulosquamous dermatitis." When further observation of this case and that reported by Tzanck and his associates3 revealed early death from peritonitis, the name "malignant atrophic papulosis"4 was substituted to emphasize the fatal prognosis. As other cases have been described, it has become evident that this . . .
Simulation based training
Authors: K Moorthy, C Vincent, A Darzi
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Is being extended from training individuals to teams 

S imulation has been used for many years to train aviation and military personnel for work in hazardous environments. Effective and safe performance in these settings requires both highly skilled individuals and a high degree of team coordination. In addition to individual competence, communication between team members and decision making become particularly important during the management of crisis scenarios. Over the past few years several articles have described the use of simulations, simple and computer based, for the acquisition of technical skills in surgery, endoscopy, and anaesthesia. 1–3 The focus has largely been on the acquisition and assessment of individual technical skills, but now the role of simulations in training teams to work with a greater degree of coordination is being acknowledged.

Simulations are beginning to play an important part in the training of personnel in the operating theatre, emergency department, and the obstetric suite.3 w1 w2 For …
Acral lentiginous melanoma: a clinicoprognostic study of 126 cases
Authors: A. Phan, S. Touzet, S. Dalle, S. Ronger-Savlé, B. Balme, L. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Although the histopathological subtype of melanoma has not been clearly proven to carry independent prognostic significance, acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) seems to confer a poorer prognosis mainly because disease is often more advanced at the time of diagnosis.To investigate the distinctive epidemiological and clinical characteristics of ALM, a peculiar histological entity, and to identify prognostic factors.We performed a register-based review of cases from a single large referral centre, the University Hospital Department of Dermatology, Lyons, France. We reviewed patient demographics, the initial presentation of the lesion, and clinical outcome. ALM-specific and disease-free survival were estimated using the KaplanMeier method and compared using the log-rank test. A Cox model was used to identify prognostic factors.One hundred and twenty-six patients were identified as having histopathology-proven ALM in our melanoma patient register from 1996 to 2004. There were 46 (37%) subungual ALM and 80 (63%) ALM on soles, palms and nonvolar sites. The mean age at diagnosis was 63 years. There were 44 (35%) men and 82 (65%) women, sex ratio M/F 1 : 1.86. The mean Breslow thickness was 2.51 mm (range: in situ to 20 mm). There was no evidence of overexposure to ultraviolet radiation, nor was there found a predisposing genetic trait. Only 16 (13%) patients recalled a history of trauma. Thirty-four ALM (28%) were unpigmented. The median ALM-specific and disease-free survival were 13.5 and 10.1 years, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 76%. Multivariate analysis identified tumour thickness, male gender and amelanosis as independent clinical prognostic factors for both ALM-specific and disease-free survival.Our study provides specific information on the clinical characteristics and outcome of this uncommon histological subtype of melanoma. However, the pathogenesis remains unknown. Breslow thickness, male gender and amelanosis were significantly associated with a poorer prognosis.