tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hip Fracture: A Complex Illness Among Complex Patients
Authors: Rajiv K. Dixit
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters3 January 2012Hip Fracture: A Complex Illness Among Complex PatientsRajiv K. Dixit, MDRajiv K. Dixit, MDFrom Northern California Arthritis Center, Walnut Creek, CA 94598.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201030-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hung and Morrison's editorial (1) states that high-quality care requires optimization of 5 core elements. Most hip fractures are secondary to osteoporosis. I was, therefore, surprised to see that there was no mention in the editorial of screening and treating osteoporosis as part of the treatment plan.Rajiv K. Dixit, MDNorthern California Arthritis CenterWalnut Creek, CA 94598Reference1. Hung WW, Morrison RS. Hip fracture: a complex illness among complex patients [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:267-8. [PMID: 21844553] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Northern California Arthritis Center, Walnut Creek, CA 94598.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHip Fracture: A Complex Illness Among Complex Patients William W. Hung and R. Sean Morrison Hip Fracture: A Complex Illness Among Complex Patients William W. Hung and R. Sean Morrison Hip Fracture: A Complex Illness Among Complex Patients Joanne Lynn Metrics 3 January 2012Volume 156, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 71KeywordsConflicts of interestHip fracturesOsteoporosis ePublished: 3 January 2012 Issue Published: 3 January 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
JEQUIRITY IN GRANULAR LIDS.
Authors: EUGENE SMITH
Journal: JAMA (1883)

During the past year the attention of oculists has been called to the treatment of this intractable disease ease by an infusion of jequirity seeds, and the profession is indebted to Dr. De Wecker, of Paris, for first bringing it forward in such manner as to make its use promising. Conflicting statements, however, have prevented many from using it, and no doubt the very severe effect of its application in many cases has prevented those testing it from giving it a fair trial. During my vacation this summer I visited Dr. De Wecker's clinique, and there saw many cases in various stages of treatment, his method of applying it and the results, and I was somewhat astonished at each phaze of it. As trachoma is the<i>bète noire</i>of our practice in Michigan, I am deeply interested in its effects, and I feel personally under many oblications to Dr. De
The Facts of Kathmandu: Squatter's Palsy
Authors: David J. Kumaki
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Conveniences in the West make tourists to the Third World susceptible to some unusual problems. While recently practicing medicine in Kathmandu, Nepal, I saw a 23-year-old woman tourist. She had severe dysentery caused by<i>Shigella</i>sp, with ten to 15 bowel movements daily. With appropriate therapy, her symptoms gradually improved, but on the eighth day of her illness she noted the appearance of a left foot drop. Examination showed complete inability to evert or dorsiflex the foot, consistent with a common peroneal nerve palsy. Further questioning revealed that she was staying in budget accommodations that had only Asian squat-style toilets. As there were no other significant findings, it is likely that repeated squatting in an unusual position caused compression neuropathy of the peroneal nerve as it passed over the head of the fibula. Rest and moving to a hotel with western-style toilets resulted in some improvement of
Ferrokinetics: Methods and Interpretation
Authors: C RICKETTS, I CAVILL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

The measurement of erythroid activity is based on the study of plasma iron kinetics. The radioiron injected should be bound specifically to transferrin, and the measurement of plasma 59Fe activity should be corrected for variation in plasma iron concentration. In addition, 59Fe-transferrin activity should be measured free of 59Fe-haemoglobin contamination. Analysis of the plasma 59Fe clearance curve over 14 days can give measures of total, effective and ineffective erythropoiesis, together with the red cell lifespan. Simpler ferrokinetic studies cannot be reliably used to assess erythropoiesis.
Correction: Testicular Neoplasm Review
Authors: TOM ANDERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1979Correction: Testicular Neoplasm ReviewTOM ANDERSON, M.D.TOM ANDERSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-6-995_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A typographic error was made in the article entitled "Testicular Germ-Cell Neoplasms: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy" (1) in the March 1979 issue.The first sentence of the last paragraph on p. 380 should read "the results of primary radiation therapy alone in stage III" (not stage II as it reads in the text) "nonseminatomous testicular cancer have been exceedingly poor."A major thrust of the presentations by the various discussants is to demonstrate that testicular germ cell neoplasms are sensitive to a wide variety of therapeutic modalities. The lack of good clinical studies comparing various...Reference1. ANDERSONWALDMANNJAVADPOURGLATSTEIN TTNE: Testicular germ-cell neoplasms: recent advances in diagnosis and therapy. Ann Intern Med 90:373-385, 1979 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medicine Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20014 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1979Volume 90, Issue 6Page: 995-995KeywordsGerm cellsRadiation therapyTesticular cancer ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Correction: Dialysis and Psoriasis
Authors: T.J. BUSELMEIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1978Correction: Dialysis and PsoriasisT.J. BUSELMEIER, M.D.T.J. BUSELMEIER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-432_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In my letter to the editor relative to dialysis and psoriasis (Ann Intern Med 88:842, 1978), I stated that "In our first experience a 74-year-old nonuremic patient was unable to be dialyzed through the standard arteriovenous fistula blood-access technique." This is incorrect, because the 74-year-old patient was able to be dialyzed through the standard arteriovenous fistula.It is probably a significant observation in that most nonuremic patients are unable to maintain patent arteriovenous fistulas (1). In fact, the observation may have some bearing on the psoriatic process as it relates to the coagulation mechanism.We have now...Reference1. BUSELMEIERKJELLSTRANDSIMMONSNAJARIAN TCRJ: A modified A-V fistula applicable where there is thrombosis of the standard Brescia-Cimino fistula vasculature. Surgery 14:551-554, 1973 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: T.J. BUSELMEIER, M.D.Affiliations: University of Minnesota Hospitals Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1978Volume 89, Issue 3Page: 432-432KeywordsFistulasMedical dialysisPsoriasis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hedgehog regulates distinct vascular patterning events through VEGF-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Leigh Coultas, Erica Nieuwenhuis, Gregory A. Anderson, Jorge Cabezas, Andras Nagy, R. Mark Henkelman, Chi-Chung Hui, Janet Rossant
Journal: Blood (2010)

Despite the clear importance of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in blood vascular development as shown by genetic analysis, its mechanism of action is still uncertain. To better understand the role of Hh in vascular development, we further characterized its roles in vascular development in mouse embryos and examined its interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a well-known signaling pathway essential to blood vascular development. We found that VEGF expression in the mouse embryo depended on Hh signaling, and by using genetic rescue approaches, we demonstrated that the role of Hh both in endothelial tube formation and Notch-dependent arterial identity was solely dependent on its regulation of VEGF. In contrast, overactivation of the Hh pathway through deletion of Patched1 (Ptch1), a negative regulator of Hh signaling, resulted in reduced vascular density and increased Delta-like ligand 4 expression. The Ptch1 phenotype was independent of VEGF pathway dysregulation and was not rescued when Delta-like ligand 4 levels were restored to normal. These findings establish that Hh uses both VEGF- and Notch-dependent and -independent mechanisms to pattern specific events in early blood vascular development.
Abstract 4817: Altered DNA methylation in human lung cell line A549 after treatment with a standard mixture of particulate matter
Authors: Federica Rota, Laura Dioni, Laura Cantone, Andrea Baccarelli, Pier Alberto Bertazzi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Numerous health studies have shown acute and chronic particulate air pollution (PM, particulate matter) exposures to be associated with lung cancer, as well as with lung growth impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma. Toxicology studies have shown that PM is only a weak mutagen. Whether PM induces DNA methylation alterations, a primary mechanism in cell transformation, has never been studied in lung epithelial cells. In our study, we found a significative modification of P16 DNA methylation after PM treatement. AIM: To investigate PM on 8 cancer and inflammatory genes (TLR-4, CD14, IFNγ, TNFα, RASSF1A, APC, p53, p16) in A549 human alveolar basal epithelial cells. METHODS: A549 cells were treated with a complex standard mixture of particulate matter (NIST-National Institute of Standards and Technology- Standard Reference Material [SRM] 1648a). SRM 1648a treatments were performed with increasing doses of total mixture (15, 31, 62, 125, and 250 μg/ml) dissolved in colture medium. We used untreated cells as a negative control. Only concentrations that did not affect cell viability were considered. The cells were harvested after 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours of continuous exposure, washed with phosphate buffered saline, and stored as cell pellet at -80°C until DNA extraction. DNA methylation was measured by means of bisulfite-Pyrosequencing. All the experiments were conducted in triplicate to confirm repeatability of our results. RESULTS: Using a t-test assuming that the two distributions have the same variance, we found an increase in p16 methylation for a dose of 15 μg/ml (p16 mean(untreated-treated)=0,83; p-value=0,05); an hypomethylation for a dose of 62 μg/ml (p16 mean(untreated-treated)=−0,77; p-value=0,004) as well as for a dose of 250 μg/ml (p16 mean(untreated-treated)=−0,78; p-value=0,01). We observed also an increase in APC methylation for a dose of 250 μg/ml (APC mean(untreated-treated)=2,90; p-value=0,02). CONCLUSION: This finding indicates that different levels of exposure to PM can induce changes in the DNA methylation levels in vitro. Our hypothesis is that exposure to PM can cause changes in the gene-specific DNA methylation levels thus enhancing cancerogenesis. Additional studies are required to better define the epigenetic mechanisms by which PM and similar environmental agents induce changes in DNA methylation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4817. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4817
Chernobyl-related thyroid cancer: what evidence for role of short-lived iodines?
Authors: J P Bleuer, Y I Averkin, T Abelin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Over 500 cases of thyroid cancer were diagnosed in Belarus between 1986 and 1995 among persons exposed as children (under 15 years of age) to radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. There is little doubt that radioactive iodine isotopes emitted during the nuclear explosion and subsequent fire were instrumental in causing malignancy in this particular organ. Comparison of the observed geographic distribution of Chernobyl-associated thyroid cancer incidence rates by districts with contamination maps of radioactive fallout shows a better fit for estimated 131I contamination than for 137Cs. Because 131I used for medical purposes had not been considered carcinogenic in humans in the past, and in view of the unusually short latency period between exposure and clinical manifestation of cancer, it is suspected that not only 131I but also energy-rich shorter-lived radioiodines may have played a role in post-Chernobyl thyroid carcinogenesis. Measurements of iodine isotopes are not available, but reconstruction of geographic distributions and estimations of radioactive fallout based on meteorological observations immediately following the accident could provide a basis for comparison with the distribution of thyroid cancer cases. In this paper, data from the Epidemiological Cancer Register for Belarus will be used to show geographic and time trends of thyroid cancer incidence rates in the period from 1986 to 1995 among persons who were exposed as children, and these will be compared with the estimated contamination by radioiodines. Tentative conclusions are drawn from the available evidence and further research requirements discussed.
Lesser Sac Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection
Authors: DAVID J. ESCHELMAN, VICTOR W. LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Ventriculoperitoneal shunts provide an effective means of decreasing intracranial pressure and diverting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A variety of complications may be seen, however, with the peritoneal limb. This study describes the scintigraphic evaluation of a large intra-abdominal CSF pseudocyst and the migration of the shunt tip into the lesser peritoneal sac.
Molecular analysis of the helper T cell response in murine interstitial nephritis. T cells recognizing an immunodominant epitope use multiple T cell receptor V beta genes with similarities across CDR3.
Authors: P S Heeger, W E Smoyer, T Saad, S Albert, C J Kelly, E G Neilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Anti-tubular basement membrane disease (alpha TBM disease) produces T cell-mediated interstitial nephritis in SJL mice after immunization with renal tubular antigen. Initial mononuclear infiltrates appear in vivo after several weeks, with the subsequent progression to renal fibrosis and end stage renal disease over many months. We have analyzed the fine specificity of the autoreactive helper T cell repertoire in alpha TBM disease through the isolation and characterization of a panel of CD4+ Th1 clones harvested after 1-2 wk from animals immunized to produce disease. All clones capable of mediating alpha TBM disease are directed towards a 14-residue immunodominant epitope (STMSAEVPEAASEA) contained within the target antigen, 3M-1. Evaluation of the T cell receptor (TCR) V beta repertoire used by these autoreactive T cells reveals the use of several V beta genes, but with some preference for V beta 14. Sequencing across the putative CDR3 region of the TCR beta chains suggests that common amino acids at the V beta(N)D beta junction and the D beta(N)J beta junction may contribute to the specific ability of these cells to recognize the immunodominant epitope.
REPLACING DEPRESSED FRACTURES OF THE MALAR BONE
Authors: J. G. R. Manwaring
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Replacing depressed fractures of the malar bone. For elevating depressed fractures of the malar bone I have used an instrument always obtainable, the ordinary "cowhorn" forceps of the dentist, as shown in the illustration. The instrument is strong, and when properly used gives firm control of the bone better than the other methods. This is more readily appreciated when tried than would be believed from a mere description of its use. In addition to the sure control it leaves no scars, is quickly used, and does not enter through the mouth cavity. The skin over the bone is suitably prepared; one point of the forceps is placed over the orbital ridge and the other just under the margin of the body of the bone at its outer side; a
Deletion Polymorphism of the Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene Is Associated with Increased Plasma Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity but Not with Increased Risk for Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bernhard R. Winkelmann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Background: Previous research has shown that the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a major determinant of plasma ACE activity. It has been suggested that persons with the DD genotype (those who express, on average, the highest levels of circulating ACE) have an increased risk for myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease, particularly if they are otherwise at low risk. Subsequent studies, however, have not confirmed that ACE I/D gene polymorphism is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Objective: To investigate the association between the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the risk for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in patients in whom coronary artery disease status was documented by angiography. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University medical center. Patients: 209 male case-patients with coronary artery disease and 92 male controls without coronary artery disease, as documented by coronary angiography. Measurements: Assessment of the cardiac risk profile by questionnaire; classification of patients by the degree of coronary artery stenosis; levels of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, and fibrinogen; and ACE I/D gene polymorphism assessed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Results: Plasma ACE activity was significantly associated with ACE I/D gene polymorphism. The ACE genotype was not associated with the presence of coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction. If a recessive effect of the D allele was assumed (DD compared with DI and II), the relative risk was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.30) for coronary artery disease and 1.03 (CI, 0.77 to 1.38) for myocardial infarction. Results of analyses were also negative when a dominant effect of the D allele was assumed and when low-risk subgroups were examined. The established risk factors age and apolipoprotein B level emerged as the most important risk predictors in multivariate analyses, followed by diastolic blood pressure and fasting glucose levels. Conclusions: In an angiographically defined study sample, ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not associated with an increased risk for coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction, despite its effects on plasma ACE activity.
Attenuation of long-lasting effects of sympathetic stimulation after repeated stimulation.
Authors: G T Hall, T D Gardner, E K Potter
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is stored with norepinephrine in sympathetic nerves throughout the cardiovascular system and is released during activation of the sympathetic nervous system in humans and other animals. After stimulation of the cardiac sympathetic nerves in anesthetized dogs, the action of the vagus nerve on heart rate is attenuated for a prolonged period. This attenuation of cardiac vagal action is also seen after injection of NPY. Both sympathetic stimulation and exogenous NPY inhibit cardiac vagal effects by acting on postganglionic vagal nerves. Because the supply of neuropeptides to nerve terminals is by axonal transport, it might be expected that repeated stimulation of cardiac sympathetic nerves would deplete the sympathetic neural factor, proposed to be NPY. In all 11 dogs of this study, repeated episodes of stimulating the cardiac sympathetic nerve (16 Hz for 1 minute each) had a diminishing effect in attenuating cardiac vagal action. However, the episodes of sympathetic stimulation did not show diminishing effectiveness in increasing heart rate. Exogenous NPY had similar inhibitory effects on vagal action whether given at the beginning or the end of the episodes of sympathetic stimulation. Transmural stimulation of sympathetic nerves around rabbit ear arteries produced effects that are also mimicked by NPY. These are prolonged potentiation of contractions evoked by injection of norepinephrine or by brief bursts of transmural stimulation. Repeated stimulations in this case also had diminishing abilities to evoke such potentiations. Both sets of observations are consistent with repeated stimulation of sympathetic nerves causing depletion of a nonadrenergic transmitter, possibly NPY.
Our Debt to Hughlings Jackson
Authors: Max Levin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

My own view is that we do not even yet know all that we owe to him. These words of F. M. R. Walshe,1referring to Hughlings Jackson, induce  reader to reflect. To pay our debt to our teacher, we must show that we have grasped what he has tried to teach. It is clear that our debt to Hughlings Jackson has not yet been paid.  We all revere the father of modern neurology, but we do not appreciate what Jackson did that entitles him to this accolade. If  question were put, What did Jackson do? most physicians— indeed, most neurologists—would think first of Jacksonian epilepsy. Then they would mention his work on aphasia and on  phenomenon of release of lower centers from control by higher centers. But these are minor items in comparison with his major achievement. His great achievement was to develop a conception
Reversing the WHO crisis: transparent priority matching of global needs with donor objectives
Authors: M. Maruthappu, C. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Since its creation in 1948, the World Health Organization has been involved in a variety of successful global health initiatives. Legge identifies the “substantial shortfall in the funds available for basic administrative functions” that is now limiting WHO’s effectiveness.1 He stresses that the three decade freeze on “assessed contributions” has left WHO beholden to voluntary donors and recommends persuading member states to “untie” their donations to increase WHO’s …