tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Corneal Foreign Bodies — Sparks from Bumper-Car Rides
Authors: Merle R. Preble, Thomas J. Prendergast
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

DURING August 2–5, 1970, 40 patients complaining of corneal irritation, pain and excessive lacrimation were examined at the United States Army Health Clinic in Geissen, West Germany. Twenty-nine of the patients were referred to the United States Army General Hospital in Frankfurt. Of these, 14 required admission for operative removal of particles. One patient suffered temporary loss (20/50) of visual acuity in the affected eye, which improved slightly upon healing of the corneal scar (to 20/40).During the next year we documented 33 additional cases of corneal foreign bodies associated with eight different carnivals, all having similar epidemiologic findings. One . . .
Acute Primary Angle Closure Attack Does Not Cause an Increased Cup-to-Disc Ratio
Authors: Shenton S.L. Chew, Sushil Vasudevan, Hussain Y. Patel, Lulu U. Gurria, Nathan M. Kerr, Greg Gamble, Jonathan G. Crowston, Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Ultrasonic Evaluation of Pulsatile Abdominal Masses
Authors: Thomas H. Shawker
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Gray scale ultrasound B-mode scanning provides a rapid and safe method for evaluating the origin of a pulsatile midline abdominal mass. In those patients who do not have an aortic aneurysm, ultrasound will frequently provide another explanation. Tortuous aortas, pancreatic pseudocysts, metastatic cancers, lymphomas, and low-lying livers may all present as pulsatile masses clinically mimicking an aortic aneurysm. Visualization of the para-aortic soft tissues as well as the aorta allows these conditions to be distinguished by abdominal ultrasound.
Association of Influenza Vaccination and Reduced Risk of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Morteza Naghavi, Zeba Barlas, Said Siadaty, Sameh Naguib, Mohammad Madjid, Ward Casscells
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Numerous studies have suggested that microbial agents may promote atherosclerosis. A smaller body of research has suggested that acute respiratory infection may be a risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesized that influenza vaccine might reduce the risk of recurrent MI in patients with documented coronary heart disease (CHD).A case-control study was performed on 218 CHD patients seen at Memorial Hermann Hospital during the influenza season of October 1997 through March 1998. Patients who experienced new MI were included in the case group, and those who did not experience new MI or unstable angina were assigned to the control group. Data were collected by structured review of patients' charts and through a subsequent telephone survey. Adjusted for history of influenza vaccination in previous years, multivariate logistic regression revealed risk of MI to be associated with current hypertension (OR 4.96, 95% CI 2.06 to 11.96, P<0.0001), hypercholesterolemia (OR 4.08, 95% CI 1.67 to 9.99, P=0.002), smoking (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.76 to 7.98, P=0.001), and influenza vaccination (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.82, P=0.017). Despite significant association in univariate analysis, multivitamin therapy and physical exercise were not associated with risk of reinfarction in multivariate analysis.In this study in patients with chronic CHD, vaccination against influenza was negatively associated with the development of new MI during the same influenza season. However, to address causal inference, examination of prospective data sets will be needed.
More injuries from "bouncy castles".
Authors: S. Levene
Journal: BMJ (1992)

three to four year course.Also, manipulative thrusts are seldom applied by Dutch manual therapists.Finally, Pearce's suggestion that traction or the McKenzie method is a valuable treatment for specific subgroups of patients with back complaints has still to be shown with properly designed randomised clinical trials.34T W Meade rightly points out that our ran- domised controlled trial is not totally flawless.Judged by our own criteria, it scores 55 on a scale of 100, which makes it still one of the best in the field.We also agree with Meade that a power of 60% is not spectacular, but in our opinion this influences only the interpretation ofnon-significant differences.We strongly disagree with Meade's suggestion that pooling data from all randomised controlled trials on manipulative techniques, no matter what their methodological quality is, would be a good idea.In answer to Philip Brien and Michael J Brien's comments, our selection criteria were designed to select patients who were all suitable for physiotherapy, manual therapy, and continued care by their general practitioner.We thus included a relatively heterogeneous population of patients with persistent back and neck complaints.Of course this does not imply that all patients received identical treatment.Physiotherapists and manual therapists were free to adapt their treatment (within predetermined boundaries) to the per- ceived needs of each patient.We agree that within
Rat liver slices as a tool to study LPS-induced inflammatory response in the liver
Authors: Peter Olinga, Marjolijn T Merema, Marina H de Jager, Frans Derks, Barbro N Melgert, Han Moshage, Maarten J.H Slooff, Dirk K.F Meijer, Klaas Poelstra, Geny M.M Groothuis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Patient, Physician, and Family Member Understanding of Living Wills
Authors: Anupama Upadya, Visvanathan Muralidharan, Natalya Thorevska, Yaw Amoateng-Adjepong, Constantine A. Manthous
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

This study examines understanding of living wills by patients, family members, and physicians. Questionnaires were used to examine whether each cohort understood patients' living wills regarding endotracheal intubation and cardiopulmonary rescuscitation (CPR). Of 4,800 patients admitted during the study period, 206 reported having living wills, all of which precluded intubation and CPR for "terminal conditions." Of 140 admitted to the general hospital wards, 17 (12%) wanted their living wills to preclude intubation/mechanical ventilation and 12 (8.6%) did not want resuscitation under any circumstances. Seven of 120 (6%) physicians and 4 of 108 family members would not intubate or perform CPR even if there was a chance of recovery. Of 88 patients with complete data (including physicians and family members), 29 (33%) wanted their living wills to block intubation/mechanical ventilation only if they were deemed terminal and 46 (52%) wanted the living will to block intubation even if there was a 10% chance of recovery. Thirteen (15%) wanted to block intubation even if the chance of recovery was > or = 50. Results were similar for wishes regarding CPR. These data suggest substantial differences of patient, physician, and family member understanding of living wills. Living wills did not reflect fully patients' expectations of receiving (or not receiving) life-sustaining modalities.
Type-Specific Persistence of Human Papillomavirus DNA before the Development of Invasive Cervical Cancer
Authors: K L Wallin, F Wiklund, T Angström, F Bergman, U Stendahl, G Wadell, G Hallmans, J Dillner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as a cause of cervical cancer, but the association between a positive test for HPV DNA and the risk of the subsequent development of invasive cervical cancer is unknown.
Long acting somatostatin treatment of paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome in a case of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Authors: P Ruszniewski, F Girard, R Benamouzig, M Mignon, S Bonfils
Journal: Gut (1988)

Cushing9s syndrome, caused by ectopic ACTH production during Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, raises difficult therapeutic problems. We report a case of clinical and biological efficacy of long acting somatostatin (SMS) in this condition. In a short term study with 200 micrograms SMS bid, symptoms of hypercorticism disappeared while cortisol and ACTH serum concentrations fell below the normal values. Longterm treatment was instituted with 50 micrograms SMS bid. Excellent clinical efficacy as well as normal cortisol and ACTH serum concentrations were maintained during the nine month follow up. Lipotrophic hormone (LPH) serum concentration remained raised. No decrease in size of hepatic metastases was observed. Long acting somatostatin analogues may be useful in endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes.
Buerger's Disease: A Distinct Clinical and Pathologic Entity
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Evidence that Buerger's disease is a distinct clinical and pathologic entity was assembled from study of cases in the Orient and from arteriographic and histopathologic study of cases in Baltimore. Buerger's disease of classic type occurs relatively frequently in Korea and Japan, despite the rarity of atherosclerosis and of thromboembolic disease. The arteriographic findings in Buerger's disease, particularly the involvement of the arteries of the upper extremities and the focal changes, are distinctive. Depending on study at the proper site and at the proper time in the evolution of the disease, characteristic histopathologic changes are demonstrable.
P181cAMP-mediated Rac1 activation regulates the re-establishment of endothelial adherens junctions and barrier restoration during inflammation
Authors: M Aslam, H Nef, C Troidl, R Schulz, T Noll, C Hamm, D Guenduez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Inflammatory mediators like thrombin and TNFα disrupt endothelial junctions and barrier integrity, leading to edema formation. This increase in endothelial permeability is followed by slow restoration of the endothelial barrier, which is critical for the maintenance of basal endothelial permeability. However, the molecular mechanism of recovery of the endothelial barrier in response to inflammatory mediators has not yet been well delineated. The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of this barrier restoration. Specific emphasis was given to the role of Rac1 GTPase activation, which is an important regulator of endothelial adherens junction (AJ) integrity. Methods: The study was carried out on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial barrier function was analyzed by measuring the flux of trypan blue-labeled albumin and immunostaining of AJ by confocal microscopy. The level of cellular cAMP was measured by ELISA and Rac1 GTPase activity was determined by pull-down assay. Results: Exposure of HUVEC monolayers to thrombin caused a 5-fold increase in endothelial permeability withing 10 min followed by slow recovery during the next 2 h. The cellular cAMP content dropped to 30% of the basal level after 10 min of thrombin treatment; thereafter, this slowly increased to a 3-fold higher level after 60 min of thrombin treatment. Likewise, Rac1 GTPase activity dropped by 70% after 10 min and increased by 250% after 60 min of thrombin treatment. Inhibition of Rac1 activity using a specific pharmacological inhibitor (NSC23766; 50 μM) abrogated the barrier resealing process, suggesting a Rac1-dependent phenomenon. Similarly, inhibition of either adenylyl cyclase (MDL12; 100 nM) or its downstream targets PKA and Epac (PKI [10 μM] and ESI009 [1 μM], respectively) abrogated Rac1 activation and completely blocked barrier recovery and resealing of endothelial AJ. Conclusion: The data of the present study demonstrate that endothelial barrier recovery is regulated by Rac1 GTPase activation. This activation, due to increased levels of cellular cAMP, enhances the relocalisation of AJ components to cell-cell junctions and thus mediates barrier restoration.
Modification of Hemodynamic Changes in Pulmonary Embolization Produced by Pharmacologic Agents.
Authors: Albert L. Hyman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Modification of Hemodynamic Changes in Pulmonary Embolization Produced by Pharmacologic Agents.Albert L. Hyman, M.D., F.A.C.P., William S. Myers, M.D., Allen Meyer, M.D.Albert L. Hyman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, William S. Myers, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Allen Meyer, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-319_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptApproaches to therapy of pulmonary embolus are hampered by an incomplete understanding of the hemodynamic changes. Employing a modification of the transeptal technique, changes in cardiac output (CO), pulmonary blood volume (PBV) and intrathoracic vascular pressures were studied in six groups of dogs.Group I. Following embolization with standardized autogenous clots, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) rapidly increased with a transient left-sided hypotension; PBV and CO fell precipitously. Pulmonary arteriolar resistance (PAR) rose threefold. Each parameter returned toward control within 40 minutes.Group II. Pretreatment with isoproterenol markedly increased PBV and CO and decreased PAR. It prevented the sharp reduction of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Albert L. Hyman, M.D., F.A.C.P.; William S. Myers, M.D.; Allen Meyer, M.D.Affiliations: New Orleans, Louisiana PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1 Page: 319-319 Keywords Blood volume Cardiac output Hemodynamics Hypotension Isoproterenol Population attributable risk Pulmonary arteries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Review of postperinatal mortality in a health district with a garrison town.
Authors: M. Rao, E. Hoinville
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In order to determine the excess postperinatal mortality rate (PPMR) in the North East Essex health district, researchers examined 108 infant deaths. The PPMR of 10.2/1000 for army infants was significantly higher than the rate of 5.1/1000 for all the other infants (p=.02). Additionally, 8 of the 46 infants that died due to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were children of army personnel. The SIDS rate of 5.8/1000 for army infants exceeded the SIDS rate of 2.1/1000 for all other infants by almost 3 times. Since the death rate for all other causes was 4.4/1000 for army infants and 3.1/1000 for all other infants, researchers concluded that SIDS was the leading cause of postneonatal mortality for army infants. Differences between Army mothers and all other mothers included that Army mothers tend to be younger (mean age 21 v. 26), more smoke (57.% v. 53.2%), and fewer intended to breast feed their infants (35.7% v. 53.2%). In addition, more army families experienced marital stress or violence, or both (p=.05) than did other families. The researchers speculate that for Army mothers, their young age, their isolation in the garrison, and the lack of family support probably all contributed to the high mortality of these infants. The government is considering studying infant deaths since 1984 to learn why they occurred and how to prevent them.
774. Evaluation of Adenovirus Vectors Containing Serotype 35 Fibers for Gene Therapy of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ying Liu, Pavel Sova, Robert Strauss, Sebastian Tuve, Janice Morihara, Nancy Kiviat, Papa Toure, Salif Sow, Andre Lieber
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Adenovirus vectors containing group B fibers (such as Ad5/35) are able to target tissues that are refractory to infection with commonly used Ad serotype 5 based vectors. To evaluate the utility of Ad5/35 vectors for gene transfer into tumor cells, we studied the expression of the Ad5 receptor, CAR, and the Ad5/35 receptor, CD46, on Papanicolaou (Pap) smears of normal, pre-malignant, and malignant cervical tissue (N= 45). We observed a significant correlation between the degree of malignancy and the level of CD46 expression, while in contrast, the level of CAR expression inversely correlated with the degree of malignancy. Using qRT-PCR, we showed that CAR mRNA levels were lower in malignant tissue biopsies than in histologically normal biopsies. However, there was no significant difference in CD46 mRNA levels in normal and malignant tissues, indicating that CD46 protein expression in tumors might be regulated at the post-transcriptional level. In an attempt to delineate reasons for low CAR expression in tumors, we analyzed the methylation status of CpG island present in the promoter of the CAR gene in DNA isolated from normal and malignant tumor tissue, but found the promoter unmethylated in both groups. To better predict the infectivity of Ad5/35 in tumor patients, we studied the binding of recombinant Ad fiber knob, which is the Ad capsid moiety that mediates attachment to receptors, to the surface of cells present in Pap smears. We found that binding of recombinant Ad5 and Ad35 fiber knobs mirrored the expression patterns of CAR and CD46. Finally, we cultured primary cells from cervical cancer biopsies and performed Ad5/35 transduction studies on primary cultures and single tumor cell clones derived from these cultures (N>40). Overall, the level of CAR and CD46 in cultured cells correlated well with transduction efficiency of Ad5 and Ad5/35 vectors expressing GFP. Importantly, all tumor cell cultures could be transduced at 100% efficiency with Ad5/35-GFP at low MOIs. Despite of the uniformly efficient tumor cell transduction, a conditionally replicating Ad5/35-based oncolytic vector expressing Ad E1A and TRAIL exhibited differences in tumor cell killing when analyzed in clonal tumor cell cultures. Mechanisms that confer resistance to viral oncolysis could include inefficient viral replication and/or execution of apoptosis. Genes whose expression or repression confer resistance are currently being studied using DNA array technology.
HIV infection and foreign travel.
Authors: D Maher, B Crosse
Journal: BMJ (1990)

self perpetuating bias: the higher the impact factor of a journal, the more authors will try to publish in it, and because it has a high impact factor it will be considered more prestigious and authoritative, and will be cited more often.This bias compounds the built in bias in Science Citation Index data in which "the selection policy is deliberately slanted towards material most widely used and with highest impact."7Despite known reservations to judging the importance ofa journal by this method, such as self citation, "parochialism," language biases, etc,8"these are lesser evils compared with the far reaching consequences of judging an author by citation performance of the journals in which he or she published.Lately we have become aware of a greater understanding of the shortcomings of the impact factor of journals, and administrators are turning more to the citation performance of individuals.This is undeniably more personalised than the impact factor of a journal but is not free of flaws.For instance, only the first author appears in the citation index, and a search by "cited references" for a particular author will not reflect the true contribution of all the authors.We are deliberately ignoring technical errors such as misspellings, wrong initials, etc.Finally, there is a considerable time lag between the publication of an original paper, the publication of an article citing it, and its appearance in the Science Citation Index's annual bibliometric analyses.We hope that all these factors are taken into account when using citation analyses for judging a person's performance or potential and in making decisions on academic advancement, funding, or tenure.
CCN3 is a novel endogenous PDGF-regulated inhibitor of glomerular cell proliferation
Authors: C.R.C. van Roeyen, F. Eitner, T. Scholl, P. Boor, U. Kunter, N. Planque, H.-J. Gröne, A.M. Bleau, B. Perbal, T. Ostendorf, J. Floege
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Lactic Acidosis in Pulmonary Edema due to Left Ventricular Failure
Authors: MILFORD FULOP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Acidemia is common in severe pulmonary edema due to acute heart failure and is caused by metabolic and respiratory acidosis, in various combinations in different patients. The findings in our study show that the metabolic acidosis is a lactic acidosis. Among 18 patients with acute pulmonary edema due to left ventricular failure, 14 had a blood pH of less than 7.36, and blood lactate concentrations were elevated in most cases (mean, 4.5 millimol/litre ± 2.9 SD). Both the severity of the acidemia and the lowering of the plasma bicarbonate concentration were closely related to the plasma lactate concentration. As pulmonary edema regressed, the lactic acidosis largely abated, within a few hours in most patients, and the blood pH and plasma bicarbonate concentration returned toward normal without the administration of sodium bicarbonate.
Effects of endocrine-disrupting contaminants on amphibian oogenesis: methoxychlor inhibits progesterone-induced maturation of Xenopus laevis oocytes in vitro.
Authors: D B Pickford, I D Morris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

There is currently little evidence of pollution-induced endocrine dysfunction in amphibia, in spite of widespread concern over global declines in this ecologically diverse group. Data regarding the potential effects of endocrine-disrupting contaminants (EDCs) on reproductive function in amphibia are particularly lacking. We hypothesized that estrogenic EDCs may disrupt progesterone-induced oocyte maturation in the adult amphibian ovary, and tested this with an in vitro germinal vesicle breakdown assay using defolliculated oocytes from the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. While a variety of natural and synthetic estrogens and xenoestrogens were inactive in this system, the proestrogenic pesticide methoxychlor was a surprisingly potent inhibitor of progesterone-induced oocyte maturation (median inhibitive concentration, 72 nM). This inhibitory activity was specific to methoxychlor, rather than to its estrogenic contaminants or metabolites, and was not antagonized by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780, suggesting that this activity is not estrogenic per se. The inhibitory activity of methoxychlor was dose dependent, reversible, and early acting. However, washout was unable to reverse the effect of short methoxychlor exposure, and methoxychlor did not competitively displace [3H]progesterone from a specific binding site in the oocyte plasma membrane. Therefore, methoxychlor may exert its action not directly at the site of progesterone action, but downstream on early events in maturational signaling, although the precise mechanism of action is unclear. The activity of methoxychlor in this system indicates that xenobiotics may exert endocrine-disrupting effects through interference with progestin-regulated processes and through mechanisms other than receptor antagonism.