tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antidepressant Use in Patients Prescribed β-Blockers
Authors: Marc Stone
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  In the Jan 17 issue, Avorn and colleagues 1 give valuable evidence of an association of β-blocker and tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) use. In their discussion in the article and in reports in the news media, much emphasis was placed on one explanation: β-blockers cause depression. Their enthusiasm for this explanation is understandable. If correct, the authors have uncovered a large area of preventable morbidity. This enthusiasm may have clouded their consideration of other very plausible explanations.  There are a number of ways in which the presence of depression or TCA use would cause physicians to prefer β-blockers. Methyldopa and clonidine have anticholinergic side effects similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants and may add to them. Physicians may have believed other antihypertensive agents to be more likely to cause or aggravate depression than β-blockers and avoided them. Reserpine has a widespread (and possibly unjustified) reputation for causing depression. Clonidine
Rethinking gamete/embryo isolation and culture with microfluidics
Authors: Ronald S. Suh, Nandita Phadke, Dana A. Ohl, Shuichi Takayama, Gary D. Smith
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2003)

IVF remains one of the most exciting modern scientific developments and continues to have a tremendous impact on people's lives. Since its beginnings, scientists have studied and critically analysed the techniques in order to find ways to improve outcomes; however, little has changed with the actual technology and equipment of IVF. Semen is still processed in test tubes and fertilization and culture still occurs in culture dishes. New technological possibilities exist with the burgeoning advancement of microfluidic technology. Microfluidics is based on the behaviour of liquids in a microenvironment. Although a young field, many developments have occurred which demonstrate the potential of this technology for IVF. In this review, we briefly discuss the physical principles of microfluidics and highlight some previous utilizations of this technology, ranging from chemical analysis to cell sorting. We then present the designs and outcomes for microfluidic devices utilized thus far for each step in IVF: gamete isolation and processing, fertilization, and embryo culture. Finally, we discuss and speculate on the ultimate goal of this technology—development of a single, integrated unit for in‐vitro assisted reproduction techniques.
942. Adenoviral Mediated Re-Expression of Wnt Antagonist Dkk-1 Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Tumor Growth in Medulloblastoma
Authors: Rajeev Vibhakar, Beverly L. Davidson, Anup Madan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Medulloblastoma comprises approximately 20% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. Advances in treatment with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy have resulted in a five-year survival rate of approximately 70% over the last 20 years. Unfortunately children less than 3 years of age continue to have significantly worse outcomes. Most importantly, the morbidity associated with these treatments can be devastating given their lack of specificity. To elucidate signaling pathways for potential directed therapy we sought to identify putative tumor suppressor genes down regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Inappropriate epigenetic gene silencing results in the loss of critical regulators of proliferation and apoptotic pathways. We hypothesized that viral mediated re-expression of such epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes would result in suppression of tumor growth. A survey of epigenetically silenced genes identified the antagonist Dickkopf 1(Dkk1) as down-regulated medulloblastoma cell lines and in medulloblastoma patient samples; Dkk1 expression could be re-induced by histone de-acetylaseh inhibition. Importantly, re-expression of Dkk1via vector-mediated gene transfer caused medulloblastoma cell apoptosis and inhibited tumor formation in vitro as measured by colony formation on soft agar. Taken together our data implicate Wnt signaling as an important regulator of medulloblastoma pathogenesis, and suggest that re- introduction of Dkk1 may provide for therapeutic benefit in medulloblastoma patients.
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Authors: Nadir Goksugur, Sevil Goksugur
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 4-year-old boy presented with a 5-day history of mild fever and malaise and a 3-day history of a vesicular rash involving his hands, feet, tongue, and buttocks. Goksugur N., Goksugur S. N Engl J Med 2010;362:e49, April 8, 2010
An Angiosarcoma in the Left Atrium
Authors: Karl Dennig, Günther Lehmann, Thomas Richter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Transmyocardial Laser RevascularizationTo the Editor: The placebo effect of surgery for the treatment of angina that is mentioned by Lange and Hillis (Sept.30 issue) 1 in their editorial on transmyocardial laser revascularization deserves elaboration.In the era before direct coronary revascularization, internal-thoracic-artery ligation was touted as a method to increase myocardial blood flow and relieve anginal symptoms.Initial reports by Ellis et al. 2 and Kitchell et al. 3 indicated that 68 to 75 percent of patients had clinical improvement, including approximately 35 percent who had complete relief and 42 percent with objective improvements, as measured electrocardiographically.These investigators were honest and intelligent but not impartial observers.Double-blind studies conducted later by Cobb et al. 4 and Dimond et al. 5 demonstrated that a sham thoracotomy alone could decrease the need for nitroglycerin and increase exercise tolerance and that it produced subjective improvement in more than 35 percent of patients.These results are similar to the improvement among 34 percent of the patients in the British study of transmyocardial laser revascularization mentioned by Lange and Hillis.When perfusion scans do not correlate in time or magnitude with the patient's clinical improvement, the more subjective data on improvement of symptoms must be approached with great skepticism.As was the case in earlier studies, the thoracotomy incision alone may have an important effect directly or indirectly on the patient's perception of pain.The fact that a patient has already undergone the surgical procedure of last resort has a high likelihood of affecting a physician's choice of treatment plans, and thus study outcome.It may be completely correct that transmyocardial laser revascularization benefits patients with chronic angina.However, given the substantial morbidity and mortality (9 to 15 percent mortality among the patients who were crossed over to transmyocardial laser revascularization in the studies by Frazier et al. 6 and Allen et al. 7 discussed by Lange and Hillis), the potential for a placebo effect must always be remembered.
Preventing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Aboriginal Communities: A Methods Development Project
Authors: Paul Masotti, M. Anne George, Karen Szala-Meneok, A. Michel Morton, Christine Loock, Marilyn Van Bibber, Jennifer Ranford, Michael Fleming, Stuart MacLeod
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

etal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that encompasses a spectrum of lifelong disabilities resulting from gestational (prenatal) alcohol exposure. At one end is the full fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), involving craniofacial dysmorphology (particularly midfacial anomalies), growth retardation, and deﬁ cits in brain function. Less visible, but equally disabling, can be alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), formerly referred to as fetal alcohol effects; children with this presentation along the spectrum tend to exhibit limited or absent dysmorphology but may have signiﬁ cant abnormalities in brain function, ranging from intellectual disability to more subtle but signiﬁ cant alterations in memory, judgment, and executive function [1].Not surprisingly, FASD is more common in communities with high prevalence rates of drinking, such as some Canadian Aboriginal communities. Strategies to reduce alcohol use during pregnancy warrant local and national attention, but two barriers have impeded the development of successful strategies in Aboriginal communities. The ﬁ rst is the lack of resources and research capacity in some Aboriginal communities. The second is the historically grounded cynicism about research, in particular, university-based investigators conducting research
Complementary Therapies and the Management of Diabetes and Vascular Disease: A Matter of Balance
Authors: Hylton V. Joffe
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The clinical spectrum of bacillary angiomatosis
Authors: G. F. WEBSTER, C. J. COCKERELL, A. E. FRIEDMAN-KIENw
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Bacillary angiomatosis is a recently recognized bacterial infectious disease that is seen mainly in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Including this publication, 45 patients have been described in the medical literature. In this report we describe examples of the clinical presentations of bacillary angiomatosis and review therapeutic strategies.
Disposition of Presumed Coronary Patients From an Emergency Room
Authors: Stanley Schor
Journal: JAMA (1976)

All patients with presumed coronary problems seen at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center during a one-year period were followed up. The fate of those who were not hospitalized and the factors contributing to the two types of erroneous decisions, ie, refusing hospitalization to those needing it and unnecessary hospitalization of others, were evaluated. Approximately 50% of the patients were not admitted. Myocardial infarctions were later diagnosed in 6% of these patients. Another 8% were eventually categorized as other cardiac emergencies. Ten percent of all patients subsequently diagnosed as having myocardial infarctions were not admitted. On the other hand, 56% of the patients whose cases were later not considered to have been emergencies were hospitalized unnecessarily. Previous hospitalization for cardiac disease played a major role in making an error of both types. Other factors influencing the physician's decision regarding the patients' disposition included their age, sex, ethnic origin, and the findings from the emergency room electrocardiogram.
Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Notify Pediatric Patients of a Drug Recall
Authors: Michael M. Mendelson, Justin P. Zachariah, Sarah D. de Ferranti, Jonathan P. Bickel
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Drug recalls have become an unfortunately frequent event in the United States, with nearly 1 clinically relevant drug recall per month in the last 5 years.1 A national management strategy on medical device recalls is currently being debated by government and health officials.2 We report the use of the National Institutes of Health–sponsored Informatics for Integrating Biology &Bedside (i2b2) platform3 as an approach to speed patient identification and direct notification of a voluntary drug recall by leveraging data available in the electronic health record (EHR).

On November 9, 2012, specific lots of the generic version of atorvastatin calcium, distributed by Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals Inc, a subsidiary of a multinational corporation, were reported as possibly contaminated with “very small glass particles resembling a fine grain of sand.”4 A voluntary recall was announced by the company and reported to the general public by news organizations. A US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) notice on November 28, 2012, recommended that patients contact their health care provider with any symptoms related to taking the medication and health care providers report any suspected adverse events to the FDA.

A team of physicians, a nurse practitioner, and a nurse who provide clinical care in the Preventive Cardiology program at Boston Children’s Hospital felt obligated to inform the pediatric patients prescribed atorvastatin and their families of the drug recall in a targeted and efficient approach to (1) identify those at risk and (2) prevent unnecessary discontinuation of beneficial treatment.
Smoking, a Dangerous Habit for the Skin
Authors: Ronni Wolf
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Therapeutic touch fails test
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Practitioners of therapeutic touch, a popular alternative treatment, were unable to detect human energy fields according to research published in JAMA. 

The theory behind the technique is that human energy fields exist and extend beyond the skin. Advocates of therapeutic touch believe that illness causes a disturbance of energy flow. Practitioners assess the energy field by passing their hands a few inches above the patient's body. They repattern the patient's energy field by moving their hands over the …
Developing a practice formulary as a byproduct of computer controlled repeat prescribing.
Authors: J P Telling, K R Davies, F Difford, J E Fornear, C A Reading
Journal: BMJ (1984)

We use our office computer to record and issue repeat prescriptions. Each month we look at a printout to see how many times a drug has been prescribed, with the goal of limiting our practice formulary. We have reduced by more than 10% the range of drugs that we use in the practice and have the possibility of knowing dose ranges, actions, interactions, and side effects of all the drugs used in the practice.
Persistent dual high pressure zone, oesophageal body hypomotility and abnormal response to multiple rapid swallows are associated with reflux symptoms after fundoplication
Authors: R. Shimono, E. Yazaki, J. Jafari, P. Woodland, J. Hayat, A. Fikree, I. Bravi, E. Tsourali, D. Sifrim
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Persistent reflux symptoms occur in a subgroup of patients following antireflux surgery. These symptoms can be due failure of the antireflux barrier. GI physiology studies are performed to evaluate the OGJ function and anatomy in these patients. Recent studies with high resolution manometry (HRM) have shown the presence of a dual high pressure zone (HPZ) at the OGJ as an expression of persistent hiatus hernia. However, the relation between dual high pressure zone, oesophageal hypomotility and persistent symptoms is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate reflux parameters and oesophageal motility patterns with HRM in a group of symptomatic patients after fundoplication. <h3>Methods</h3> Ten patients (5 male, 5 female; mean age 55 years) were selected based on the presence of persistent typical reflux symptoms post-Nissen fundoplication. The patients underwent HRM and impedance-pH monitoring ‘off’ PPI. The existence of dual HPZ, oesophageal hypomotility and amplitude of the after-contraction post multiple rapid swallowing (MRS) were evaluated together with acid and non-acid reflux parameters. Increased number of reflux events (post Nissen) was considered if &gt;30/24 h.1 <h3>Results</h3> Six out of ten patients had a dual HPZ on HRM. Acid exposure time and number of acid reflux events in these patients was significantly higher than those with a single HPZ (12.7% vs 0.5%, p=0.01). The patients with a dual HPZ more commonly exhibited oesophageal hypomotility and poor response to MRS compared to the patients with a single HPZ (4/6 vs 1/4). In addition more of the patients with a dual HPZ showed impaired acid reflux clearance compared to patients with single HPZ (5/5 vs 1/3). <h3>Conclusion</h3> HRM and impedance-pH measurement allows a precise assessment of patients with symptoms postfundoplication. Our study suggests that the presence of a dual HPZ on oesophageal HRM is associated with impairment of oesophageal motility and impaired oesophageal acid clearance, and hence may be important in the persistence of GORD symptoms postoperatively.
Gastric ulcer. An unusual presentation of malignant melanoma
Authors: S. L. Goldman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

GASTRIC metastases are frequently found during autopsy of patients with malignant melanoma. However, few of these have been diagnosed during life. The following report is concerned with a patient with clinical and radiological findings suggestive of gastric ulcer. A definitive diagnosis of metastatic melanoma was made only six weeks later, when disseminated disease elsewhere was already present. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 46-year-old, essentially healthy laborer complained to his family physician of crampy midepigastric pain, weakness, and weight loss. An upper-gastrointestinal radiological study was performed and showed an active gastric ulcer. Ulcer diet, antacids, and anticholinergics were prescribed and were followed by transient relief. Within six weeks of onset, bluish subcutaneous nodules developed on the anterior aspect of the patient's chest and arms. At the same time a pathological fracture of the spinous process of C-7 and melanuria developed. Biopsy of one subcutaneous nodule led to the histologic diagnosis of
Aldosterone-mediated regulation of ENaC α, β, and γ subunit proteins in rat kidney
Authors: Shyama Masilamani, Gheun-Ho Kim, Carter Mitchell, James B. Wade, Mark A. Knepper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Aldosterone stimulates sodium transport in the renal collecting duct by activating the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). To investigate the basis of this effect, we have developed a novel set of rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the 3 subunits of ENaC and have determined the abundance and distribution of ENaC subunits in the principal cells of the rat renal collecting duct. Elevated circulating aldosterone (due to either dietary NaCl restriction or aldosterone infusion) markedly increased the abundance of alphaENaC protein without increasing the abundance of the beta and gamma subunits. Thus, alphaENaC is selectively induced by aldosterone. In addition, immunofluorescence immunolocalization showed a striking redistribution in ENaC labeling to the apical region of the collecting duct principal cells. Finally, aldosterone induced a shift in molecular weight of gammaENaC from 85 kDa to 70 kDa, consistent with physiological proteolytic clipping of the extracellular loop as postulated previously. Thus, at the protein level, the response of ENaC to aldosterone stimulation is heterogenous, with both quantitative and qualitative changes that can explain observed increases in ENaC-mediated sodium transport.
Masked Hyperprolactinemia in a Case of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenal Adenoma
Authors: Yutaka Oki
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 December 1995Masked Hyperprolactinemia in a Case of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenal AdenomaYutaka Oki, MD, Toshiko Yagi, MD, and Teruga Yoshimi, MDYutaka Oki, MDHamamatsu University School of Medicine; Hamamatsu 431-31; JapanSearch for more papers by this author, Toshiko Yagi, MDHamamatsu University School of Medicine; Hamamatsu 431-31; JapanSearch for more papers by this author, and Teruga Yoshimi, MDHamamatsu University School of Medicine; Hamamatsu 431-31; JapanSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of hypertension. She had never received a dopamine antagonist, histamine-2-receptor antagonist, or oral contraceptive. Laboratory findings showed hypokalemia (potassium level, 2.6 mEq/L). Endocrine data showed that while the patient was supine, her plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity were 685 pmol/L and 0.1 µg/L·h, respectively. Her plasma renin activity did not increase after the administration of furosemide (40 mg intravenously) and 2 hours of walking. Her serum prolactin level was 18 µg/L. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen showed a round and solitary tumor (diameter, ...References1. Macleod MD, Lehmeyer JE. Studies on the mechanism of the dopamine-mediated inhibition of prolactin secretion. Endocrinology. 1974; 94:1077-85. Google Scholar2. Carey RM, Thorner MO, Ortt EM. Dopaminergic inhibition of metoclopramide-induced aldosterone secretion in man. J Clin Invest. 1980; 66:10-8. Google Scholar3. Gniadeck TC, Grekin RJ, Gross MD, Villareal JZ. Hyper-responsiveness of aldosterone to metoclopramide in aldosteronism. Clin Endocrinol. 1982; 16:475-81. Google Scholar4. Jungmann E, Althoff PH, Rosak C, Schwedes U, Schffling K. Endogenous dopaminergic inhibition of aldosterone and prolactin secretion is apparently not increased in primary aldosteronism. Horm Metab Res. 1986; 18:138-40. Google Scholar5. Demura R, Naruse M, Isawa M, Onoda N, Naruse K, Yamakado M, et al. A patient with a prolactinoma associated with an aldosterone producing adrenal adenoma: differences in dopaminergic regulation of PRL and aldosterone secretion. Endocrinol Jpn. 1992; 39:169-76. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; Hamamatsu 431-31; Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 11Page: 893-894KeywordsAdrenal adenomaAldosteroneAttentionBlood plasmaDopamineDopaminergicsPlasma renin activityProlactinSurgeryWalking Issue Published: 1 December 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...