tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
King Tutankhamun’s Family and Demise
Authors: Eline D. Lorenzen
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A CASE OF INFANTILE SCURVY.
Authors: GEORGE DOCK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Infantile scurvy is a comparatively rare disease everywhere, though becoming more frequent. Chiefly because of its infrequency it is often unrecognized, and so reports of single cases, even if they add nothing to the real knowledge of the subject, may be useful by calling attention to the existence of the disease when it might otherwise be overlooked. For this reason I report the first case that has been treated in the university hospital. <h3>Summary.</h3> —Case of infantile scurvy treated for two months with diagnoses of neuritis and probable anterior poliomyelitis, with sore mouth. Easily recognized as infantile scurvy by ocular proptosis with subcutaneous hemorrhages of the eyelids, characteristic swelling and discoloration of gums, depression of anterior thoracic wall, swelling and tenderness of wrists and ankles; slight rickets, sweating of head; rapid recovery on change of food and use of orange juice. <h3>Patient.</h3> —E. B., aged 10 months, admitted to university
Diabetes and Telemedicine
Authors: David C. Klonoff
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Is the technology sound, effective, cost-effective, and practical?I n this issue of Diabetes Care, Chase et al. ( 1) have very nicely demonstrated how modem technology can be a useful tool for providing effective management of type 1 diabetes when used in lieu of a clinic visit.This study represents an example of telemedicine, a technology that can be defined as the use of telecommunications to support health care.Was their Colorado program sufficiently successful in becoming a model for other programs that will provide modem transmission of glucose values?I believe it was.An analysis of the technology utilized by this telematic program for type 1 diabetes demonstrates that the method appears to provide effective tools for health care providers to deliver a valuable experience for patients, with decreased costs for payers.The value of a new application of technology to medicine can be judged by four criteria, each of which may be expressed as a question.First, is the technology sound?That is, did the technology fulfill its purpose?Second, was the program effective?That is, was the new program successful compared with base care?Third was the program cost-effective?That is, did it provide sufficient benefit for the cost to be economically viable?Fourth is the program practical?That is, did the program create new significant problems that we do not currently have to deal with in the absence of the program?Applying these criteria, the Colorado program can be evaluated as to whether it was successful.A set of criteria for assessing whether a telemedicine program is technologically sound was proposed recently by Ronald C. Merrell, MD, director of the NASA Telemedicine program.He stated that the elements of a successful telemedicine program include: 1) accurate collection of data in digital format; 2) incorporation of those data into an electronic record that may be transmitted with fidelity; 3) protocols for distant analysis; and 4) communication tools to permit effective dialogue among primary managers, patients, and consultants (2).I would add that the analysis and communications system
Abstract A35: Predicting drugs effect on transcription factor activity by regulatory network analysis of drug perturbed cellular states
Authors: Yao Shen, Mariano Alvarez, Sergey Pampou, Jorida Coku, Andrea Califano
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Phenotypic changes during pathophysiological processes can be efficiently captured by genome-wide gene expression signatures or molecular phenotypes. Transcription factors (TFs) are the key components of the transcriptional regulatory network that integrates intracellular and extracellular stimuli and generates a response in the form of specific gene expression signatures. We have shown the existence and dissected the components of this integrative logic layer in several pathologic and physiologic processes. Moreover, perturbation of key components of this machinery can be efficiently used to induce desired phenotypic changes. However, TFs have been rather elusive targets for pharmacological intervention. Here, by using a cell-context specific network-based approach, we generated a comprehensive map between small compounds and TF activity. We leveraged the large collection of expression profiles in response to small molecule perturbagens from CMAP to first reverse-engineer transcriptionally regulatory networks in 3 different cellular context (Breast: MCF7, Prostate:PC3 and Myeloma:HL60) by the ARACNe algorithm, and then interrogate these networks with the MARINa algorithm to identify TFs whose activity is affected by the profiled compounds. We show two different evidences that validate our method. First, we correctly identified ESR1 as the very top TF whose activity is affected by the estrogen antagonists tamoxifen, raloxifen and clomifene. Second, we selected 10 compounds from the 1,400 represented in the MCF7 CMAP dataset that our method predict as STAT3 perturbagens. From these, 4 showed a significant inhibition of STAT3 activity in a cell-based STAT3 reported assay. Citation Format: Yao Shen, Mariano Alvarez, Sergey Pampou, Jorida Coku, Andrea Califano. Predicting drugs effect on transcription factor activity by regulatory network analysis of drug perturbed cellular states [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chemical Systems Biology: Assembling and Interrogating Computational Models of the Cancer Cell by Chemical Perturbations; 2012 Jun 27-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A36.
Efficacy of combination of 0.2% GTN and lignocaine ointments in wound healing and pain relief after Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy – A comparison with lignocaine and 0.2% GTN ointments separately
Authors: Khizar Ishtiaque Khan, Ahmed Waqas, Muhammad Akmal, Shahid Mahmood, Afaq Iqbal
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
Treating, Eating and Impeding
Authors: Ronald A. Arky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

It has become increasingly difficult to define a specific therapeutic approach for the patient with mild, adult-onset diabetes whose blood glucose remains elevated in spite of dietary treatment. The recent furor precipitated by the Cooperative study of the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP)1 that questions the efficacy of the sulfonylurea-type hypoglycemia agents has created a dilemma both for the physician and for his diabetic patient. The study, performed in 12 university centers, indicates that the sulfonylureas have no long-term effect on the lowering of fasting blood glucose in mild diabetes and that the death rate from cardiovascular disease is appreciably . . .
Mucosectomie pour adénomes sporadiques du duodénum: efficace mais avec un risque élevé d'hémorragie retardée
Authors: V Lepilliez, M Chemali, JC Saurin, B Napoleon, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

L'adénome sporadique du duodénum est une entité rare. Le traitement endoscopique est théoriquement bien adapté sur le plan oncologique mais est considéré comme à risque du fait de la fragilité de la paroi duodénale. Nous rapportons une série de 37 patients présentant un adénome duodénal et traités par mucosectomie endoscopique.
Health gains and financial risk protection afforded by public financing of selected interventions in Ethiopia: an extended cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Stéphane Verguet, Zachary D Olson, Joseph B Babigumira, Dawit Desalegn, Kjell Arne Johansson, Margaret E Kruk, Carol E Levin, Rachel A Nugent, Clint Pecenka, Mark G Shrime, Solomon Tessema Memirie, David A Watkins, Dean T Jamison
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2015)

BackgroundThe way in which a government chooses to finance a health intervention can affect the uptake of health interventions and consequently the extent of health gains. In addition to health gains, some policies such as public finance can insure against catastrophic health expenditures. We aimed to evaluate the health and financial risk protection benefits of selected interventions that could be publicly financed by the government of Ethiopia.MethodsWe used extended cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the health gains (deaths averted) and financial risk protection afforded (cases of poverty averted) by a bundle of nine (among many other) interventions that the Government of Ethiopia aims to make universally available. These nine interventions were measles vaccination, rotavirus vaccination, pneumococcal conjugate vaccination, diarrhoea treatment, malaria treatment, pneumonia treatment, caesarean section surgery, hypertension treatment, and tuberculosis treatment.FindingsOur analysis shows that, per dollar spent by the Ethiopian Government, the interventions that avert the most deaths are measles vaccination (367 deaths averted per $100 000 spent), pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (170 deaths averted per $100 000 spent), and caesarean section surgery (141 deaths averted per $100 000 spent). The interventions that avert the most cases of poverty are caesarean section surgery (98 cases averted per $100 000 spent), tuberculosis treatment (96 cases averted per $100 000 spent), and hypertension treatment (84 cases averted per $100 000 spent).InterpretationOur approach incorporates financial risk protection into the economic evaluation of health interventions and therefore provides information about the efficiency of attainment of both major objectives of a health system: improved health and financial risk protection. One intervention might rank higher on one or both metrics than another, which shows how intervention choice—the selection of a pathway to universal health coverage—might involve weighing up of sometimes competing objectives. This understanding can help policy makers to select interventions to target specific policy goals (ie, improved health or financial risk protection). It is especially relevant for the design and sequencing of universal health coverage to meet the needs of poor populations.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Referral by Default
Authors: Thomas V. Holohan
Journal: JAMA (1987)

IN JULY 1985, a US District Court judge levied a $50 000 fine for illegal interstate shipment of an alleged cancer cure, a derivative of Easter lily extract. The producer was quoted by journalists in Tulsa, Okla, as saying that "many who try these items have already been written off by standard medical science" (<i>Tulsa World</i>, July 3,1985, section C, p 1). Written off.... How sad that patients would perceive themselves as therapeutic failures that are best forgotten. A painting by Sir Luke Fildes,<i>The Doctor</i>,<sup>1</sup>depicts a physician of the last century, sitting by the bedside in the sickroom of a seriously ill child. He simply watches; but he is with his patient, committed to providing care, even in the absence of a possibility of cure. He has not written her off to the nostrums of peddlers of vegetable extracts, laetrile, colonic irrigation, macrobiotic diets, and the like.
Another View of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
Authors: I. D. ROTKIN
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  Before we conclude that The long smouldering suspicion that genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 [HSV-2]... carries with it an enhanced risk of cervical cancer... has now become a virtual certainty (234:1101, 1975), we should examine the accrued evidence. There is more in the literature than the two sources cited by your reporter, much of which is far from secure when reviewed. Tabulated comparisons of collected seroepidemiologic studies have recently become fashionable, and although their purpose has been to provide persuasive reason for the belief that HSV-2 is the oncogenous agent (or one of the agents) as I predicted in 1962, 1 they all have features in common that tend to emphasize the difficulty some of us have in accepting the neatness of the HSV-2-cervical cancer risk relationship espoused in the report.  One such summary, presented by Nahmias et al, 2 at a symposium in
HTLV-III: should testing ever be routine?
Authors: D Miller, D J Jeffries, J Green, J R Harris, A J Pinching
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The authors--who are researchers, physicians, and psychologists at a London teaching hospital--reject routine, indiscriminate screening for HTLV-III antibodies as of limited use in the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); as an ineffective public health measure; and as psychologically, socially, and economically damaging to persons with positive results. They are in favor of testing donated blood and of screening (accompanied by informed consent and counseling) for transplant and semen donors, renal dialysis patients, women in high risk groups contemplating pregnancy or in early pregnancy, and those persons requesting testing. The development of a vaccine or effective anti-HTLV-III treatment would shift the balance to the benefit of other individuals. The authors conclude by urging an immediate campaign of public education to promote safe sexual practices and other behavioral changes.
Natural and Synthetic Materials for Self‐Renewal, Long‐Term Maintenance, and Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Nina A. Dzhoyashvili, Sanbing Shen, Yury A. Rochev
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have attracted considerable attention from the public, clinicians, and scientists since their discovery in 2006, and raised huge expectations for regenerative medicine. One of the distinctive features of iPSCs is their propensity to differentiate into the cells of three germ lines in vitro and in vivo. The human iPSCs can be used to study the mechanisms underlying a disease and to monitor the disease progression, for testing drugs in vitro, and for cell therapy, avoiding many ethical and immunologic concerns. This technology offers the potential to take an individual approach to each patient and allows a more accurate diagnosis and specific treatment. However, there are several obstacles that impede the use of iPSCs. The derivation of fully reprogrammed iPSCs is expensive, time‐consuming, and demands meticulous attention to many details. The use of biomaterials could increase the efficacy and safety while decreasing the cost of tissue engineering. The choice of a substrate utilized for iPSC culture is also important because cell‐substrate contacts influence cellular behavior such as self‐renewal, expansion, and differentiation. This Progress Report aims to summarize the advantages and drawbacks of natural and synthetic biomaterials, and to evaluate their role for maintenance and differentiation of iPSCs.
A theoretical model of the blanching response after capper vapour laser treatment of telangiectasia
Authors: L. Marini, P.H. Butler, D.J. Smithies, E.P. Walker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article A theoretical model of the blanching response after capper vapour laser treatment of telangiectasia Get access L. Marini, L. Marini SDC Studio DermoChirurgico‐35, Via Gambini, Trieste, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.H. Butler, P.H. Butler SDC Studio DermoChirurgico‐35, Via Gambini, Trieste, ItalyPhysics Department, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New ZealandCorrespondence: Dr P.H.Butler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.J. Smithies, D.J. Smithies SDC Studio DermoChirurgico‐35, Via Gambini, Trieste, ItalyPhysics Department, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.P. Walker E.P. Walker SDC Studio DermoChirurgico‐35, Via Gambini, Trieste, ItalyMilford Chambers, 249 Papanui Road, Christchurch, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 2, 1 August 1992, Pages 189–191, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb08059.x Published: 01 August 1992
Bone Resorption of the Distal Clavicle
Authors: Joseph F. Norfray
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>History</h3> An abnormality of the distal left clavicle was identified on a routine chest film of a professional hockey player, and this was confirmed on a shoulder roentgenogram (Fig 1). He denied pain or weakness in the left arm. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Traumatic osteolysis of the distal end of the clavicle. <h3>Comment</h3> The shoulder films (Fig 1 and 2) show resorption of the distal clavicle resulting in an increased distance between the clavicle and acromion. Bony fragments are present adjacent to the tapered distal clavicle (large arrow). The insertion of the acromioclavicular ligament is calcified from past trauma (small arrow). Traumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle follows severe injury to the shoulder. It is seen in contact sports (rugby,<sup>1</sup>football,<sup>2</sup>hockey,<sup>3</sup>and judo<sup>4</sup>) and in certain other occupations, but most frequently follows a fall<sup>2,5</sup>or motor vehicle accident.<sup>2,6</sup>The injury is reported infrequently; it is first
Growth factor signal transduction defects in the cardiovascular system
Authors: J WALTENBERGER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Growth factors are important molecules mediating both the development as well as adaptive and pathological changes within the cardiovascular system. Growth factors therefore mediate both beneficial and nonbeneficial effects. The beneficial actions include the improvement of endothelial function, stimulation of vascular repair, the formation of new capillaries (angiogenesis), and the growth of collateral arteries (arteriogenesis). These actions represent the conceptual basis for the therapeutic use of growth factors, based on the idea to therapeutically induce or accelerate a given beneficial process. The beneficial effects of growth factors have to be separated from effects where growth factors act as mediators of pathological processes such as atherogenesis and plaque destabilization. This review article focuses on the physiological and beneficial effects of growth factors in the vessel wall and describes and explains the dysfunction of these effects under certain conditions now referred to as "growth factor signal transduction defects".
Women doctors in France claim equal rights
Authors: A Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Women doctors in France should not be penalised for having children, said Dr Jacqueline Valensi, director of an association fighting for equal rights for women doctors. According to data from the Caisse National d'Assurances Maladie (CNAM), the health insurance branch of the social security system, women doctors earn on average only 58% of the income of male doctors.

* One in five doctors in France is a woman, but they tend to earn less than men

One of the reasons, said Dr Valensi, is that women tend to treat fewer patients than men. …
Routine Examination With Proctosigmoidoscope
Authors: Robert Turell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> As far back as 1950 (<i>New York J Med</i><b>50</b>:89, 1950) the late Garson and I advocated the routine addition of "sigmoidoscopy as part of a physical examination, performed by the general practitioner, internist, and general surgeons, of individuals past 40 years of age." I've also stated that in a large number of patients proctosigmoidoscopic examination may be performed successfully without preliminary cleansing enemas. We also stated that the knee-chest or the knee-elbow positions are employed except in the case of debilatated or aged patients when the left lateral Sim's position is used. I wish to stress that the value of the knee-elbow position has been greatly underestimated and in my experience is superior to Sim's position. The virtue of performing endoscopy without preparation has been recognized but not universally accepted. Preliminary preparation is avoided in order to observe the unaltered mucosa and not to wash
The Dental AIDS Cases—Murder or an Unsolvable Mystery?
Authors: David L. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Contrary to what is implied by Dr Harold Jaffe's remarks in the article by Mr Breo<sup>1</sup>on the dental acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases, it is not my theory that Dr David Acer infected his patients with contaminated dental equipment. I do theorize that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can potentially be transmitted from patient to patient by dental equipment reprocessed with germicides, especially when the devices are only wiped externally, as has been common practice. Results demonstrating that proviral DNA from HI V-infected patients entered certain types of dental equipment in clinical trials, escaped cleaning, and was later expelled by the equipment (potentially into other patients' mouths) were published.<sup>2</sup>These same studies showed that hepatitis B DNA, as well as live virus (bacteriophage), could be transmitted by the equipment in laboratory experiments. We also published dye studies determining the amounts of blood and saliva
The Keys to Cell-Mediated Immunity
Authors: Peter C. Doherty
Journal: JAMA (1995)

THE HUMAN immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic has made us aware of the intimate relationships between viruses and the immune system. These human lentiviruses grow in lymphocytes of the CD4+ subset and are probably controlled, at least for a time, by the CD8+ effectors of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). When we discuss CMI-based strategies to limit HIV infection, the debate is framed by the efforts made over the past 20 years to understand the way that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) glycoproteins function in viral immunity. This article places these efforts in historical context and, together with the accompanying article by Rolf Zinkernagel,<sup>1</sup>relates how our understanding of virus-specific CMI and the biological role of the MHC became intertwined. <h3>BACKGROUND</h3> In the early 1970s, the international effort on virus-specific CMI was minuscule. Most virologists had shifted their attention from whole-animal studies, in which virology and immunology approaches were inextricably linked, to