tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA15: Overcoming tumor resistance to VEGF blockade by co-targeting ANG2/TIE2 signaling and macrophages
Authors: Michele De Palma
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Angiopoietin-2 (ANG2/ANGPT2) is a proangiogenic factor that promotes endothelial-cell survival and growth by activating the TIE2 receptor. We and others have shown that ANG2 blockade inhibits tumor angiogenesis and progression in mouse models of cancer. However, it is unclear whether ANG2 may limit tumor sensitivity to vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapies. By employing mouse tumor models that are either sensitive or insensitive to VEGF inhibition, we found that the efficacy of VEGF signalling blockade may be limited by the adaptive upregulation of ANG2 in the resistant tumors. Indeed, combined ANG2/VEGF signaling blockade suppressed tumor angiogenesis and progression in anti-VEGF-resistant tumors, without eliciting increased tumor invasion or metastasis. These findings clearly strengthen the clinical rationale for co-targeting ANG2 and VEGF in tumors that develop resistance to VEGF inhibition. Notably, a minority of the tumors revascularized after VEGF/ANG2 blockade, showing adaptive resistance to the double antiangiogenic treatment. Because we noted an increase of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in association with resistance to dual VEGF/ANG2 blockade, we have explored the opportunity to combine effective antiangiogenic therapy with pharmacological TAM depletion. The results of these studies will be presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Michele De Palma. Overcoming tumor resistance to VEGF blockade by co-targeting ANG2/TIE2 signaling and macrophages. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA15. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-IA15
POSTMORTEM FINDINGS IN MEASLES-BRONCHOPNEUMONIA AND OTHER ACUTE INFECTIONS
Authors: BALDWIN LUCKE
Journal: JAMA (1918)

During the past winter, necropsies were performed in sixty-two cases at Camp Zachary Taylor, Ky. The patients were soldiers, with one exception white, native born, physically and mentally sound, in the third decade of life, most of them country bred and from the central states. This uniformity of type permits comparative study. The pathologic observations hereinafter described will confirm and amplify the observations reported by H. L. Alexander<sup>1</sup>that the infections at this camp underwent a changing history from pneumococcal, to measles, to streptococcal. It is shown that with the changes of the etiologic agent there was a distinct change in the pathologic condition of the lungs, parenchymatous organs and serous surfaces. The clinical side has been presented by Fox and Hamburger.<sup>2</sup> In the fall of 1917, the etiologic agent was the pneumococcus with its customary results. Measles appeared late in October, causing the first death, November 7,
Epidemiology of untreated non-obstetric surgical disease in Burera District, Rwanda: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Allison F Linden, Rebecca Maine, Bethany L Hedt-Gauthier, Emmanual Kamanzi, Gita Mody, Georges Ntakiyiruta, Grace Kansayisa, Edmond Ntaganda, Francine Niyonkuru, Joel Mubiligi, Tharcisse Mpunga, John G Meara, Robert Riviello
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Why The Carter Center?
Authors: Edward N. Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Prevention of disease and the promotion of health are the highest achievement of medicine. Application of the science and principles underlying these concepts will lead to decreased pain, suffering, disability, and premature death. The evidence for this is clear, but, unfortunately, the application does not occur consistently. Hence, the American people experience needless pain, suffering, disability, and premature death. Yet, such simple things as the use of seat belts, sensible eating, not smoking, and moderation in the use of alcohol would benefit literally millions of people. Can anything be done? In November 1984, I was privileged to cochair, with former President Jimmy Carter, a "consultation" at The Carter Center, located at Emory University. The results of studies indicating the needless deaths from failure to heed prevention principles and practice were clearly and completely related. A variety of topics (violence, digestive diseases, injuries, smoking, and others) were covered, and the data
Abstract 4903: Luteolin's role as a radiosensitizer by promoting cell death and ROS modulation
Authors: Kwang-Chul Ahn, Jae Yeon Choi, Sang-Gu Hwang, Hong-Duck Um, Jong Kuk Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Radiotherapy is one of major cancer treatment, but radiation treatment could evoke resistance or side effects such as fibrosis. To overcome these obstacles against radiation treatment, many researchers are developing effective radiosensitizer. To develop a new radiosensitizer, we test whether luteolin has functions as a radiosensitizer candidate because previous studies already demonstrated luteolin could promote cancer cell death by reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction, and this phenomenon is one of main effects of radiation-induced cell death. Luteolin is 3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone, which could induce cell death of various cancer cells. We observed luteolin treatment could induce cell death of non-small cell lung cancer cells with independent manner of p53 and PTEN status, and combination treatment of radiation and luteolin enhance more cell death than those of radiation only or luteolin only treatment condition. Dose enhancement ratios of luteolin and radiation combination are 1.54 and 1.31 in NCI-H460 and NCI-H1299, respectively. Combined treatment with luteolin and radiation down-regulate Bcl-2 level and induce the phosphorylation of JNK and activation of caspase-3/9. ROS accumulation also was induced in combined condition of luteolin and radiations. In a xenograft assay, the combined luteolin and radiation group showed 27.2 days of growth delay versus the control in terms of tumor growth. The enhancement factor of this combined treatment was determined to be 3.2. Taken together, we conclude that luteolin contain role of radiosensitizer via promotion of cell death and ROS accumulation. Citation Format: Kwang-Chul Ahn, Jae Yeon Choi, Sang-Gu Hwang, Hong-Duck Um, Jong Kuk Park. Luteolin's role as a radiosensitizer by promoting cell death and ROS modulation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4903. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4903
Welcome to the new design
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

This week we launch a new design for the print journal and for bmj.com. Both are the result of your feedback. We hope you like them. We’ll tell you more about the new website next week when it is safely up and running. We hope you will forgive, and let us know about, any glitches in the meantime.

In print, the redesign is an evolution of what’s gone before. It consists mainly of a reordering of the content, though there are other subtle changes that the sharp eyed among you may notice. We have brought News to the front, in line with other print periodicals, followed by Editorials. Research too has been brought forward. This week we have an array …
Abnormal polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemotaxis in Behcet's syndrome.
Authors: D W James, J R Walker, M J Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Experiments both in vitro and in vivo have been performed to study the chemotactic response of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) in Behçet's syndrome. The experimental results were apparently contradictory. Using modified Boyden chambers we found that the PMNs from patients with Behçet's syndrome responded to a greater extent in vitro than normal cells, but with skin chambers placed over abrasions the in vivo response was less than normal. The significance of these findings is discussed and related to the histological appearances that may be seen in this condition.
Regulation of thyroid hormones in the secretion of insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide in male rats
Authors: Ming-Luen Doong, J.Wen-Chuan Wang, Shu-Ching Chung, Jer-Yuh Liu, Chensole Hwang, Chih-Yang Hwang, C.Hsuan Day, Yueh-Fen Liu, Tze-Kong Young, L.Low-Tone Ho, Paulus S. Wang
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
306 Biochemical analysis of nasal secretions induced by aspirin (ASA) challenges in patients with ASA sensitivity, nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: M KOWALSKI, B WOICIECHOWSKA, M SLIWINSKAKOWALSKA, P BRAYTON, Y IGARASHI, H KAULBACH, M WHITE, J ROZNIECKI, M KALINER
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Thymosin-inducible 'null' cells in atopic eczema
Authors: N.A. BYROM, R.C.D. STAUGHTON, MARY-ANN CAMPBELL, D.M. TIMLIN, M. CHOOI, A.M. LANE, P.W.M. COMPEMAN, J.R. HOBBS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Thirty children with atopic eczema were compared with an equal number of age-matched healthy children. The mean peripheral blood T-lymphocyte level was lower in the eczema group (mean 1,197/mm2 as against 1,702/mm3; P = 0 . 003). This difference was abolished in vitro by thymosin, a thymic hormone extract. Positive correlations were found between eczema severity and: eosinophilia; hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E; but not T lymphopaenia. Thymosin-inducible T-cell (Ti) counts correlated with plasma IgE levels, suggesting that these Ti cells may be immature suppressor T cells. If this T-cell deficiency represents inadequate suppression of IgE responses, then a trial of treatment with thymosin appears to be warranted.
Effect of beta-adrenergic blockers on the peripheral circulation in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Authors: W R Hiatt, S Stoll, A S Nies
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Beta-Adrenergic blockers have not been widely used in patients with peripheral vascular disease because these drugs have been reported to worsen the symptoms of intermittent claudication. To test this assumption we studied the effects of a beta 1-selective and a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker on postexercise calf blood flow and symptoms of claudication in 19 patients with mild-to-moderate peripheral vascular disease. Subjects received placebo for 3 weeks, and then were randomized to 120 mg/day propranolol or 150 mg/day metoprolol with the use of a crossover design. Blood flow in the calf was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography at rest and immediately after exercise on a bicycle ergometer at a low and a high workload. The symptoms of claudication were monitored during bicycle exercise and by patient diaries maintained between visits. Maximal exercise heart rate was reduced an equivalent amount by metoprolol (19 beats/min) and propranolol (16 beats/min). Mean arterial pressure was reduced by propranolol at rest and by both drugs with exercise. Calf blood flow was not affected by either drug compared with placebo at rest or at either workload. In addition, the symptoms of claudication were not worsened by either drug. We conclude that despite evidence of beta 1-adrenergic blockade and a lowering of arterial pressure, neither beta-adrenergic blocker adversely affected the peripheral circulation.
Age of Onset and Type of Diabetes
Authors: Markku Laakso, Kalevi Pyörälä
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

The age of onset and the clinical type of diabetes mellitus were evaluated on the basis of a cross-sectional study of medical records of 14 municipal health centers in East Finland. Altogether 281 patients were classified as having insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 2713 as having non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes. Nearly all patients diagnosed before the age of 19 had IDDM, but a large proportion (37%) of all diagnoses of IDDM were made after that age. Six percent of all diabetic subjects in the age group 15-19 yr were classified as NIDDM and the proportion increased rapidly in older age groups. Half of the patients with NIDDM were diagnosed over the age of 64.
Abstinence Rates in an Alcoholism Treatment Program
Authors: George P. Susens
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Neubuerger et al (1982;248:960) report on a four-year alcohol treatment program with a one-year abstinence rate of 54% in a four-year study. Unfortunately, he failed to include those "patients who signed out against medical advice or were detoxified only" in the group studied. We need those numbers to evaluate his results adequately.
Surgery and Biology of Wound Repair
Authors: John H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This text is top flight. Written in a natural and lucid style, the first 150 or so pages offer a marvelous background for the basic scientific facts involved in wound healing, and the succeeding 350 pages cover the clinical side of the subject as encountered in various body systems. This latter portion of the book is liberally illustrated with photographs, not only the "before and after" clinical pictures so dear to the plastic surgeon, but operative views, microscopic fields, diagrams, all pertinent and engaging. Understandably, the authors, with their interest in plastic surgery, emphasize the healing of skin wounds and burns and devote 160 pages to this phase; but they successfully avoid a parochial approach to wound repair, a topic that so fundamentally concerns all surgeons. Other chapters discuss in detail the healing of specific structures—tendons, muscle and fascia, nerves, and bone. To complete the subject, a somewhat perfunctory final
Outpatient intravenous treatment for infective endocarditis: Safety, effectiveness and one-year outcomes
Authors: Matthew R. Amodeo, Tamlin Clulow, John Lainchbury, David R. Murdoch, Kate Gallagher, Amanda Dyer, Sarah L. Metcalf, Alan D. Pithie, Stephen T. Chambers
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
Association of p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and<i>β</i>-catenin accumulation in mycosis fungoides
Authors: B. Bellei, C. Cota, A. Amantea, L. Muscardin, M. Picardo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Aberrant activation of β‐catenin contributes to the onset of a variety of tumours. There are many tumours that display β‐catenin accumulation in the absence of mutations in its gene. Recently, abnormal accumulation of wild‐type β‐catenin has been associated with mutational inactivation of the p53 tumour suppressor. Objectives To investigate the potential role of p53 and its homologue p63 in β‐catenin deregulation and to correlate this with disease outcome. Methods We analysed a panel of 24 samples of mycosis fungoides (MF), the most frequent manifestation of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL), for β‐catenin, p53 and p63 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Based on the immunostaining results for β‐catenin protein, 11 positive cases were selected for laser microdissection, genomic DNA isolation and subsequent mutation analysis of β‐catenin exon 3 and p53 exons 4–8. Results Our findings revealed overexpression of β‐catenin, p53 and p63 in 46%, 38% and 17% of cases, respectively. The number of p53‐positive cases of MF was significantly higher (P < 0·05) in the β‐catenin‐positive group (73%). Sequence analysis demonstrated that wild‐type β‐catenin accumulation in MF is not associated with mutational inactivation of the p53 gene and, more importantly, our data provide evidence that a common polymorphic form of p53 (Arg72Pro) is significantly associated with β‐catenin overexpression (P < 0·05). No significant differences in the three genotypes were observed between the CTCL cases and the control group, demonstrating that Arg72Pro polymorphism of the p53 gene is not associated with the risk of developing cutaneous lymphomas (P > 0·05). Conclusions We found an association of β‐catenin and p53 overexpression without detection of structural alteration in the genes, suggesting that p53 mutation is not an important mechanism for β‐catenin activation in primary CTCL. Additionally, we speculate that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism may influence negative feedback control involving β‐catenin and p53.
Gluten and the Small Intestine in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Henry J. Binder
Journal: JAMA (1966)

An entirely new concept of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and other connective-tissue diseases, a theory in which a genetically determined abnormality of the small imtestine is the basic defect, has been proposed. Shatin's hypothesis<sup>1</sup>is that patients with rheumatoid arthritis are heterozygous for nontropical sprue (adult celiac disease). Although they have no intestinal complaints, the intestinal mucosa is abnormal and important metabolites essential to connective tissue are not absorbed. The clinical expression of this heterozygotic condition is rheumatoid arthritis. He further states that the worldwide distribution of rheumatoid arthritis corresponds to the distribution of wheat ingestion, lending indirect support for his hypothesis. The validity of this theory is strengthened by Shatin's report that 18 out of 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis improved on a gluten-free diet, often within two weeks after the beginning of the dietary restriction of cereal grains.<sup>2</sup> Although many arguments could be marshaled against
INVESTIGATIONS ON SWIMMING POOLS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Authors: H. A. WHITTAKER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

This investigation was undertaken for the purpose of improving the sanitary condition of the swimming pools at this institution. The first experiments were conducted on the pool located at the men's armory and gymnasium, and later comparative studies were made on a pool that had been recently installed at the women's gymnasium. <h3>SWIMMING POOL AT MEN'S ARMORY AND GYMNASIUM</h3> This pool is located on the ground floor of the building (Figs. 1 and 2). It is 59 feet, 6 inches in length, 25 feet in width, and has a water depth of 7½ feet at one end and 3½ feet at the other. The capacity of the pool, when filled to the normal water line, is about 60,000 gallons. The walls of the pool are constructed of reinforced concrete which is covered with white tile. Life rails are provided at the sides and the ends of the pool, and troughs
The "Philistine" on Vaccination.
Authors: William C. Herman
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Cincinnati, Dec. 9, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I desire to call your attention to the outburst of pent-up enthusiasm of the editor of the periodical (bound in butcher's wrapping paper) called the<i>Philistine</i>, or foolistine, of December, 1906. This gentleman, who is also a manufacturer of expensive furniture, endeavors to pull down the barriers which have stood for a century in support of vaccination. His article, while very weak, is cleverly written and, of course, will be hailed by many as a just attack, just as the followers of poor Dowie embraced his wonderful teachings, until their funds gave out. The editor of the<i>Philistine</i>makes this statement: "Vaccination has got to go along with black cat salve for itch and sheep nanny tea for mumps." What a brilliant comparison. Does he really believe this? No, we shall not feel alarmed about this wonderful man who explodes "every little while."
118 GENERATION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN ANTI-E1 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES THAT EFFECTIVELY NEUTRALIZE HCV IN VITRO
Authors: A. Union, M.A. Buyse, G. Verheyden, V. De Brabandere, H. Van Put, C. Vandenneucker, D. Jacobs, A. Devos, M. Defruyt, N. Schryvers, M. Dauwe, R.H. Purcell, G. Maertens, K. Allosery
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Intravenous Administration Of Marihuana
Authors: Nancy E. Gary
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> By virtue of our location in the Greenwich Village area of New York city, we see a great deal of drug misuses and abuses. Our experience with one case is quite similar to that of Drs. King and Cowen, (<b>210:</b>724, 1969). However, there are some notable differences. Described below is another case of intravenous injection of marihuana. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 22-year-old man, an admitted drug addict (methamphetamine hydrochloride [Methedrine], marihuana, STP [which derives its name from scientifically treated petroleum and chemically is Dom-4-Methyl-2, 5 Dimethoxy-A-Methylphenethylamine], mescaline, and lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD 25]), was admitted to St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York on Sept 29, 1969. The afternoon before, the patient had taken ten ethchlorvynol tablets (2.0 gm). At 8 PM he self-administered 100 mg of methamphetamine hydrochloride intravenously. At approximately 5 AM, Sept 29, he mixed marihuana leaves and tap water
Rhys Glyn Davies
Authors: Alan Davies
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Ruthin, North Wales (b 1926; q the London Hospital 1950), died from a dissecting aortic aneurysm on 17 December 2003.

Glyn had two vocations in his life—general practice and sheep farming. After graduation and trainee positions he took on a singlehanded position in North Wales and grew the practice over the next 32 years. During the 1970s he rekindled an interest in sheep farming and breeding, which he continued after retirement from general practice. He was chairman of the Welsh Charolais Society between 1991 and 1994 and played a pivotal role in establishing this important breed in Wales. Predeceased by his wife, Joan, he leaves two children and five grandchildren.
Aspirin and Recurrent Myocardial Infarction
Authors: William F. Krol
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The COMMENTARY by Richard J. Jones, MD (1980;244:667), summarizes the clinical trials of aspirin in patients with myocardial infarction. Jones indicates the possibility that in the Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study (AMIS) the excess number of patients in the aspirin group with congestive heart failure, history of angina pectoris, and history of cardiac arrhythmias at baseline may have masked a significant effect in favor of aspirin. The data suggest that this is not the case. As was noted by Jones, statistical corrections for the imbalances did not alter the conclusions. In addition, among patients with none of these three baseline characteristics, total mortality was 8% in the aspirin group (n=1,050) and 6.4% in the placebo group (n=1,160). Thus, it appears that the indicated baseline imbalance between groups is not responsible for the observed lack of benefit from aspirin.
UK government approves heroin use on prescription
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Heroin users should, in certain circumstances, be able to get the drug on prescription from their GP, a Home Office strategy on tackling drug misuse has recommended.

The move recognises that not all users find that methadone, the commonly prescribed substitute, works. For some users, it may be better, initially at least, to prescribe heroin, but then gradually move on to methadone.

The announcement came as part of a major government initiative to tackle the problem of illegal drugs use in the United Kingdom.

Heroin prescribing was welcomed by the drugs charity Turning Point. …
Multiscale neocortical dynamics, experimental EEG measures, and global facilitation of local cell assemblies
Authors: Paul L. Nunez
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Multiscale dynamics, linear approximations, global boundary conditions, experimental verification, and global influences on local cell assemblies are considered in the context of Wright &amp; Liley's work. W&amp;L provide a nice introduction to these issues and a reasonable simulation of intermediate scale dynamics, but the model does not adequately simulate combined local and global processes.