tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distribution and relative activity of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 in human coronal dentin
Authors: Lee W Boushell, Masaru Kaku, Yoshiyuki Mochida, Mitsuo Yamauchi
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

The presence of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in dentin has been reported, but its distribution and activity level in mature human coronal dentin are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the MMP-2 distribution and relative activity in demineralized dentin. Crowns of twenty eight human molars were sectioned into inner (ID), middle (MD), and outer dentin (OD) regions and demineralized. MMP-2 was extracted with 0.33 mol x L(-1) EDTA/2 mol xL(-1) guanidine-HCl, pH 7.4, and MMP-2 concentration was estimated with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA). Further characterization was accomplished by Western blotting analysis and gelatin zymography. The mean concentrations of MMP-2 per mg dentin protein in the dentin regions were significantly different (P = 0.043): 0.9 ng (ID), 0.4 ng (MD), and 2.2 ng (OD), respectively. The pattern of MMP-2 concentration was OD > ID > MD. Western blotting analysis detected -.66 and -72 kDa immunopositive proteins corresponding to pro- and mature MMP-2, respectively, in the ID and MD, and a -66 kDa protein in the OD. Gelatinolytic activity consistent with MMP-2 was detected in all regions. Interestingly, the pattern of levels of Western blot immunodetection and gelatinolytic activity was MD > ID > OD. The concentration of MMP-2 in human coronal dentin was highest in the region of dentin that contains the dentinoenamel junction and least in the middle region of dentin. However, levels of Western blot immunodetection and gelatinolytic activity did not correlate with the estimated regional concentrations of MMP-2, potentially indicating region specific protein interactions.
Fecal and Oral Shedding of &lt;EMPH TYPE="ITAL"&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/EMPH&gt; From Healthy Infected Adults
Authors: Julie Parsonnet
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextHelicobacter pylori commonly infects humans; however, its mode of transmission remains unknown.ObjectiveTo determine how humans—the primary host for H pylori—shed the organism into the environment.DesignControlled clinical experimental study conducted from February through December 1998.SettingClinical research unit of a hospital in northern California.PatientsSixteen asymptomatic H pylori–infected and 10 uninfected adults.InterventionA cathartic (sodium phosphate) and an emetic (ipecac) were given to all infected subjects and an emetic was given to 1 uninfected subject.Main Outcome MeasureConfirmed H pylori isolates cultured from stool, air, or saliva before and after catharsis and emesis and from vomitus during emesis. Isolates were fingerprinted using repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) polymerase chain reaction and species identity was confirmed by sequencing the 16s ribosomal RNA gene.ResultsAll vomitus samples from infected subjects grew H pylori, often in high quantities. Air sampled during vomiting grew H pylori from 6 (37.5%) of the 16 subjects. Saliva before and after emesis grew low quantities of H pylori in 3 (18.8%) and 9 (56.3%) subjects, respectively. No normal stools and only 22 (21.8%) of 101 induced stools grew the organism, although 7 (50.0%) of 14 subjects had at least 1 positive culture (2 stool culture samples were contaminated by fungus and were not included). Fingerprints of isolates within subjects were identical to one another but differed among subjects. No samples from uninfected subjects yielded H pylori.ConclusionsHelicobacter pylori can be cultivated uniformly from vomitus and, occasionally, from saliva and cathartic stools. The organism is potentially transmissible during episodes of gastrointestinal tract illness, particularly with vomiting.
Response to aerosol salbutamol, SCH 1000, and placebo in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: M Kattan, A Mansell, H Levison, M Corey, I R Krastins
Journal: Thorax (1980)

The responses of 20 patients with cystic fribrosis to a B2 agonist, salbutamol, to an anticholinergic agent, SCH 1000, and to a placebo containing difluorodichloroethane and soya lecithin delivered by metered aerosol were compared. Flow rates decreased significantly after placebo (p &lt; 0.05). FEV1 increased significantly after salbutamol (p &lt; 0.05), but the degree of these changes was small. There was a small but significant increase in FVC but no change in flow rates after SCH 1000. Specific conductance increased significantly (p &lt; 0.01) after both salbutamol and SCH 1000. Thoracic gas volume remained unchanged with both drugs and placebo. Four of 20 patients had a clinically significant increase in flow rates with SCH 1000 and three with salbutamol. The consistent increases in sGaw coupled with minimal changes in flow rates, suggest that the physiological effects of both agents is to increase the compressibility of the airway. The results after placebo demonstrate the increased airway reactivity to irritants in cystic fibrosis. In view of this, attention should be paid to the possible irritant effects of inhaled medications.
Evidence-Based Nephrology
Authors: Edgar V. Lerma
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activation of liver macrophages following phenobarbital treatment of rats
Authors: Debra L. Laskin, Fredika M. Robertson, Anne M. Pilaro, Jeffrey D. Laskin
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Phenobarbital is a potent inducer of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and is a tumor promoter in the two-stage model of liver carcinogenesis. In the present studies, we show that phenobarbital also induces an accumulation of activated macrophages in the livers of treated rats. These macrophages are larger and more stellate than resident Kupffer cells and are highly vacuolated. In addition, macrophages isolated from livers of phenobarbital-treated rats display increased phagocytosis of sheep red blood cells, chemotaxis toward the complement fragment C5a and enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide. Biologically active mediators released by activated macrophages have been implicated in tumor promotion as well as in the regulation of cytochrome P-450-mediated drug biotransformation. We propose that the activated macrophages that accumulate in the liver following phenobarbital treatment may contribute, at least in part, to the biological responses to this drug.
Cerebral Palsy and Related Disorders: A Developmental Approach to Dysfunction
Authors: Bernard J. Alpers
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This book defines cerebral palsy as "one component of a group of childhood neurologic disorders which reflect cerebral dysfunction rather than damage per se and which may result from cerebral maldevelopment, infection, injury, or anoxia before or during birth or in the early years of life. Delayed maturation or even intense emotional stress can also be causative. The individual clinical syndromes which make up these pediatric neurologic disabilities are cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, and the hyperkinetic behavior disorder. Childhood schizophrenia may possibly be included. A variety of sensory disturbances are usually found independently. Collectively, these conditions are called the syndromes of cerebral dysfunction." The authors emphasize the role of cerebral dysfunction in an effort to move away from the purely structural concept of cerebral palsy. In doing so, they designate cerebral palsies as<i>physiologic</i>, under which are listed spasticity, athetosis, and rigidity;<i>topographic</i>, with subdivisions of monoplegia, paraplegia, and
Restoration of liver function in gunn rats without immunosuppression using transplanted microencapsulated hepatocytes
Authors: Vivek Dixit, Ruth Darvasi, Marika Arthur, Maria Brezina, Klaus Lewin, Gary Gitnick
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Microencapsulation of cells within synthetic semipermeable membranes is a novel technique that enables the transplantation of cell cultures without the need for immunosuppression. We have previously shown that transplanted isolated encapsulated hepatocytes can provide sufficient short-term metabolic support to improve the survival of animals with galactosamine-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Here we have demonstrated the feasibility of isolated encapsulated hepatocyte transplantation in providing long-term metabolic liver support in Gunn rats. Gunn rats have a congenital inability to conjugate bilirubin and thus exhibit lifelong hyperbilirubinemia. We studied the feasibility of isolated encapsulated hepatocyte transplantation in restoring this specific liver function. Free hepatocytes, isolated from male Wistar rats, were microencapsulated with collagen within a trilayered sodium alginate-poly-L-lysine-sodium alginate membrane using techniques developed in our laboratory. A total of 45 Gunn rats underwent intraperitoneal transplantation with free hepatocytes (5 × 10 7 ), isolated encapsulated hepatocytes (5 × 10 7 ), control (empty) microcapsules or no transplant (untreated controls). Serum bilirubin levels were monitored daily for 10 days after transplantation, and subsequent weekly samples were obtained for up to 1 mo. Microcapsules were studied by light and electron microscopy 1 mo after transplantation. During the first week after transplantation, the mean maximum reduction in serum bilirubin levels for the isolated encapsulated hepatocytes, free hepatocytes and control microcapsule transplanted groups was 45.7%, 18.6% and 14.3%, respectively. For up to 1 mo thereafter the mean reduction in serum bilirubin levels in these respective groups was 34.8%, 13.5% and 3.3%. Light and electron microscopy of the isolated encapsulated hepatocytes revealed preservation of a number of hepatocytes containing numerous mitochondria, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies and glycogen. We conclude that isolated encapsulated hepatocyte transplantation was effective in significantly lowering serum bilirubin levels in the Gunn rat. Transplantation of isolated encapsulated hepatocytes is a unique approach to the restoration of at least one liver function in congenital liver deficiency. (HEPATOLOGY 1990;12:1342-1349).
Candida Endocarditis: An Emerging Peril in Cardiovascular Surgery.
Authors: J. P. Utz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Candida Endocarditis: An Emerging Peril in Cardiovascular Surgery.J. P. Utz, M.D., (Assoc.), W. C. Roberts, M.D., T. Cooper, M.D., H. M. Kravetz, M.D., V. T. Andriole, M.D.J. P. Utz, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, W. C. Roberts, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T. Cooper, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. M. Kravetz, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, V. T. Andriole, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1058_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSix patients with candida endocarditis were studied at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health during a 21-month period. Five of these patients had had prior cardiac surgery, as had one of the 15 previously reported cases of candida endocarditis. An analysis of the clinical and pathologic features of these 21 cases revealed thatC. albicanswas the infecting organism in seven patients,C. parapsilosisin six,C. guilliermondiiin four,C. kruseiandC. tropicalisin one each. The responsible species was not given in two patients. Although candida endocarditis resembled bacterial endocarditis in most clinical aspects,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOpportunistic Endocarditis Following Open-Heart SurgeryPatterns of Candida endocarditis following cardiac surgery: Importance of early diagnosis and therapy (an analysis of 91 cases)Candida endocarditis after cardiac surgeryThe role of antibiotics in the pathogenesis of Candida infectionsEndokarditis durch Candida parapsilosis 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1058-1058KeywordsCandidaCardiac surgeryEndocarditisSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Out of the shadows
Authors: B. Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A method is described for the confirmation/identification of a range of commonly misused drugs in urine samples. The method has been used for two years without problems for a range of purposes including hospital/clinic drugs of misuse screening and for toxicology in coroner9s cases. Urine samples which have given a positive result on immunochemical screening for a particular drug group or groups (for example, opiates) can be processed with identification of the drugs present using a single procedure. Bond ElutCertify columns are used for the extraction of drugs from the samples followed by propionylation and gas chromatography with mass selective detection.
Poor response to prednisolone of idiopathic thrombocytopenia with human T‐lymphotropic virus type I infection
Authors: Kakushi Matsushita, Naomichi Arima, Hideo Ohtsubo, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Kosei Arimura, Toshimasa Kukita, Atsuo Ozaki, Shiroh Hidaka, Tadashi Matsumoto, Chuwa Tei
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract We describe the unique clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who are infected by human T‐lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I). Thirty‐seven patients with ITP were examined in the present study: 10 patients had HTLV‐I infection, and the remaining 27 did not. The mean age of the group with HTLV‐I infection was significantly older than that of the group without infection (57.8 ± 14.0 and 42.4 ± 20.1, P = 0.022). The difference in mean platelet counts at diagnosis between the two groups was not significant, 29 × 10 9 /L and 21 × 10 9 /L, respectively. The levels of platelet associated IgG, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, bone marrow cell count, and megakaryocyte count did not show any significant difference. Nine patients in the group with HTLV‐I infection were treated with prednisolone (1 mg/kg, daily oral). Only 3 of them responded to the therapy (one complete response [CR] and two partial responses [PR]). However, 17 of 22 patients not infected with HTLV‐I were treated with prednisolone successfully: 14 patients achieved CR, and 3 patients achieved PR. There was a significant difference in response to prednisolone between the two groups ( P = 0.034). Two patients with the infection and one patient without the infection achieved CR with splenectomy. These results suggest that HTLV‐I infection may cause immune thrombocytopenia by a different mechanism than classical ITP; HTLV‐I may modify the clinical features of ITP through an unknown immune pathway. Am. J. Hematol. 71:20–23, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The nanoparticulation by octaarginine-modified liposome improves α-galactosylceramide-mediated antitumor therapy via systemic administration
Authors: Takashi Nakamura, Daiki Yamazaki, Jun Yamauchi, Hideyoshi Harashima
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)

Alpha-galactosylceramide (αGC), a lipid antigen present on CD1d molecules, is predicted to have clinical applications as a new class of adjuvant, because αGC strongly activates natural killer T (NKT) cells which produce large amounts of IFN-γ. Here, we incorporated αGC into stearylated octaarginine-modified liposomes (R8-Lip), our original delivery system developed for vaccines, and investigated the effect of nanoparticulation. Unexpectedly, the systemic administered R8-Lip incorporating αGC (αGC/R8-Lip) failed to improve the immune responses mediated by αGC compared with soluble αGC in vivo, although αGC/R8-Lip drastically enhanced αGC presentation on CD1d in antigen presenting cells in vitro. Thus, we optimized the αGC/R8-Lip in vivo to overcome this inverse correlation. In optimization in vivo, we found that size control of liposome and R8-modification were critical for enhancing the production of IFN-γ. The optimization led to the accumulation of αGC/R8-Lip in the spleen and a positive therapeutic effect against highly malignant B16 melanoma cells. The optimized αGC/R8-Lip also enhanced αGC presentation on CD1d in antigen presenting cells and resulted in an expansion in the population of NKT cells. Herein, we show that R8-Lip is a potent delivery system, and size control and R8-modification in liposomal construction are promising techniques for achieving systemic αGC therapy.
Gene-Environment Interaction between CD14/TLR4 Polymorphisms and Use of Antibiotics in Infancy increases the Risk of Allergic Diseases
Authors: K. Park, H. Lee, J. Seo, H. Kim, M. Kang, J. Kwon, Y. Song, B. Kim, S. Lee, S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Two Patients with Unusual Forms of Varicella–Zoster Virus Vasculopathy
Authors: Donald H. Gilden, Howard L. Lipton, James S. Wolf, William Akenbrandt, John E. Smith, Ravi Mahalingam, Bagher Forghani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Several months after having zoster on the sacrum, a 71-year-old man had a transient ischemic attack with occlusion of the right anterior cerebral artery. Six months after having zoster in the ophthalmic distribution, a 76-year-old woman had sudden loss of vision in the left eye. In both cases, the acute vascular events were caused by the varicella–zoster virus, and in both, the deficits resolved after intravenous treatment with acyclovir.
Quest of the Questionnaire
Authors: J. M. Coon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While toiling through the 33-page questionnaire on the Evaluation of NIN/NIMH Training Grants and Fellowship Programs that was sent to many of us last May, I recalled the title of theLetterto the Editor from Whittier (<b>212</b>:1707,1971). I thought that title was very appropriate. The following tirade was initially inspired by the above-mentioned questionnaire and further motivated by the fact that the wave of questionnaires continues unabated: I'll declare! Though a questionnaire is a questionnaire, It's one of the evils to which we are heir. Many are neither here nor there. A sensible one is outrageously rare. Some are inscrutable beyond compare And go in the wastebasket without a care, Unless from the Dean—Then you don't dare. But when I get one I sit and glare, I gnaw on my knuckles till they're bare, I scratch my head and lose more hair, I wriggle and
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AORTIC PULSE PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH AORTIC STENOSIS VERSUS CONTROLS USING A NOVEL RADIAL ARTERY APPLANATION TONOMETRY DEVICE
Authors: Glenn Kay Mun Lee, Sachiko Oinuma, Choon Meng Ting, Kian Keong Poh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Bone Imaging in Congenital Perforation of the Sternum
Authors: ZAZLI ERBAY, RONALD J. ROSENBERG, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A case is described of a lower sternal "cold" central defect on a Tc-99m-MDP bone scan. There was no history of sternal trauma, infection, radiation, or surgery in this man. The appearance was consistent with a defect described as "congenital perforation of the sternum." Radiographic correlation was available and confirmed the sternal central defect.
Case of Suicide by Hydrocyanic Acid
Authors: J. W. Tripe
Journal: BMJ (1877)

_OVRNAL II aortic area (the second right costal cartilage), and the superficial cha- racter of the heart-sounds over this dull area.2. The dulness on percussion, absence of respiration, vocal resonance and fremitus over the lower two-thirds of the left chest.3. The great displacement of the heart. 4. The much greater frequency of aneurism than of solid growth. 5.The constant pain of a boring character at one localised spot.
Abstract 1960: Implication of miR-34a in radioresistance of bladder cancer .
Authors: Jose J. Mansure, Roland Nassim, Wassim Kassouf
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose : Investigate resistance of radiation via miR-34a expression in human urothelial carcinoma Methods : Human urothelial carcinoma cell lines derived from well-differentiated superficial bladder tumors as well as from high-grade invasive tumors were screened for their sensitivity to radiation. Growth inhibition was monitored by clonogenic assays. qRT-PCR analysis was used to evaluate expression of miR-34a among the human urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was performed to determine CpG methylation status of miR-34a gene promoter among the cell lines. Association between miR-34a and sensitivity to radiation was also investigated by ectopic expression of miR-34a. Western blot was performed to evaluate protein expression. Results: Remarkable differences in sensitivity to radiation have been shown among those cell lines in vitro. Of interest, miR-34a expression correlates with human bladder cancer cell response to radiation, with resistant cell lines showing lower expression of miR-34a and that is due to CpG methylation of its promoter. Additionally, an inverse correlation was observed between miR-34a and expression of sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Ectopic expression of miR-34a in cell lines resistant to radiation showed a positive effect of miR-34a to the response therapy. Growth inhibition observed after treatment could be explained, in part, by the increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Conclusion: Preliminary results suggest that detection of miR-34a expression may potentially be used as a predictor of therapeutic efficacy, and its regulation represent an attractive mechanism for the management of bladder cancer therapy. Citation Format: Jose J. Mansure, Roland Nassim, Wassim Kassouf. Implication of miR-34a in radioresistance of bladder cancer . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1960. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1960