tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MEATOTOMY PLUS MEATORRHAPHY.
Authors: JOHN PRENTISS LORD
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The incision of the urethral meatus in the male often becomes necessary to allow of the passage of urethral instruments, especially for sounds and catheters of large size, for urethroscopes and cystoscopes, the segregator, etc. In the days when meatotomy was required for the passage of sounds principally this operation seemed to satisfy. But now that the surgeon must wait until healing of a meatotomy wound takes place before proceeding with his refined methods of diagnosis, the slow process of healing by granulation and the necessary daily separation of these divided surfaces which lie in contact and which reunite immediately unless torn apart by force, is tedious, usually bloody, and daily inflicts an amount of pain poorly borne by the patient, and the result is apt to be imperfect for obvious reasons. The writer recognized these objections several years ago and began suturing meati whenever a meatotomy was done.
A little give and take
Authors: Luke Wheeler
Journal: BMJ (2005)

and gender disadvantages in access to food are perhaps the most likely explanation for the association of fatigue with low body mass index.Mental health factors, notably the comorbidity with other physical problems, and symptoms of depression and anxiety, had the strongest associations with chronic fatigue.Common mental disorders and medically unexplained symptoms are among the most common causes of morbidity in developing countries.However, less than a third of clinically significant morbidity is detected, 13 and fatigue may be a key problem in these disorders.In conclusion, our main finding is that the strongest association of chronic fatigue in developing countries is with mental illness.Chronic fatigue is often comorbid with other medically unexplained physical symptoms, suggesting that such symptoms are part of a medically unexplained somatic syndrome. 3Practitioners in developing countries should investigate the psychological and social determinants of chronic fatigue before assuming that it is the result of anaemia or a nutritional deficiency.The growing evidence for effective treatments should provide the basis for guidelines for management of such symptoms. 14 15 We thank the Directorate of Health Services, Government of Goa, which has collaborated with the project from its inception.We also thank Suhas Lavanis, Chandrakant Mhambrey, and Arvind Salelkar for their support for the study; Sheela Gupte and Prasad Nevrekar for gynaecological supervision; Tamara Hurst and Fiona Marquet in London and Anil Pandey in India
Expression of stem cell factor in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: T. YAMAMOTO, I. KATAYAMA, K. NISHIOKA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Stem cell factor (SCF) distribution in basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) was examined by immunohistochemistry. Eighteen BCCs (11 nodular, three superficial, two cystic, one adenoid and one morphoeic type) showed positive expression of SCF in the tumour islands. The centre of the tumour island was strongly positive in nodular, superficial and morphoeic types. In cystic BCCs, SCF-positive tumour cells were also located in the peripheral lesion around the cystic space. SCF was also detected on fibroblast-like cells and mast cells in the stroma. SCF was positively stained within the upper keratinocytes in the overlying epidermis, more strongly as compared with normal skin. The mast cell number (mean +/- SD) was significantly increased in the peritumoral stroma (85.7 +/- 28.3/mm2) compared with normal skin (32.1 +/- 4.2/mm2) (P < 0.005). SCF was also positive in the tumour nests of four cases of tricho-epithelioma, in which fibrosis of the surrounding stroma was found histologically. This study demonstrates that abundant SCF produced by the tumour cells may account for the increased number of stromal mast cells, which induce fibroplasia of the surrounding stroma.
Heightened Responses to Quercus Virginiana (Virginia Live Oak) Pollen During Natural Seasonal Exposure Versus Pollen Challenge Chamber Exposure: Role of Co-Factors
Authors: Robert L. Jacobs, Weijing He, Nathan Harper, Charles P. Andrews, Cynthia Rather, Daniel Ramirez, Sunil Ahuja
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Childbirth Pain Relieved by Combined Paracervical and Pudendal Nerve Blocks
Authors: Alfred J. Kobak, Max S. Sadove, Alfred J. Kobak
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Regional anesthesia by paracervical and pudendal nerve block was administered transvaginally in 208 women during parturition. Childbirth pain was relieved when 1% mepivacaine hydrochloride was bilaterally injected. Pain relief was rated as excellent in 150 parturients (72.1%) and good in 51 (24.5%). These procedures are simplified when the anesthetic agent is delivered to the target area by an instrument that sheathes the needle point. Intravascular administration must be avoided by attempting aspiration before each injection of anesthetic, and the injections are not given simultaneously but are timed (staggered) by allowing two uterine contractions between injections.
Primary Pericardial Osteosarcoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Qi Wang, Shun-Huan Lin, Dong Dai, Wen-Gui Xu, Ya-Jun Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We present the 18F-FDG PET/CT images of a 38-year-old woman with primary pericardial osteosarcoma. Routine chest radiography showed an enlarged cardiac silhouette. Plain chest CT found an oval tumor with dense calcification adhered to the left back of the heart. A whole-body FDG PET/CT scan was performed to evaluate the patient’s condition. The images showed heterogeneous tracer uptake in the calcified tumor. There was no other evidence of active neoplastic disease. Histopathologic analysis of the pericardial tumor showed characteristic findings of primary pericardial osteosarcoma.
Getting research findings into practice: Using research findings in clinical practice
Authors: S E Straus, D L Sackett
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Human 0 erythrocytes, treated with 1% formalin and subsequently exposed simultaneously to hydatid protein antigen and 0.1% chromic chloride, acquire the property of agglutinating on a slide when brought in coontact with specific antiserum. This constitutes the basis of the slide haemagglutination test, an easy, quick, sensitive, and specific procedure, usefull in the diagnosis of hydatid disease.
Spontaneous Intraperitoneal Haemorrhage During Pregnancy: Report of Three Cases
Authors: W. A. Hanna, T. J. M. Myles
Journal: BMJ (1964)

MEDICAL JOURNALpresumably takes place via the vena azygos through oesophageal and other intercostophrenic veins or short venae communicantes to the inferior vena cava.The krypton injected into the spleen as a bolus could be recovered from the radial artery as late as five minutes after- wards, indicating marked overdistension and retardation in the portal pool.A summary of the various haemodynamic shunts in porto- pulmonary bilharziasis is presented in Fig. 6.We are grateful to the National Research Council and Dr. S. Hashish, whose active co-operation in the nuclear physics department made the work with krypton possible.
Effect of a herbal yeast food supplement and long-distance running on immunological parameters.
Authors: F K Gmünder, P W Joller, H I Joller-Jemelka, B Bechler, M Cogoli, W H Ziegler, J Müller, R E Aeppli, A Cogoli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1990)

The effect of a food supplement on immunological parameters of 16 long-distance runners was tested in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. The supplement comprised plasmolysed herbal yeast, malt, honey, and orange juice. No statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the following variables were detected at three sessions at rest and immediately after a 21 km run: total and differential white blood cell counts, numbers of B- and T-cells and T-subpopulations, concanavalin-A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, serum levels of immunoglobulins, neopterin, IL-2 receptors, beta 2-microglobulin, complement factor b, c4 and c3c, and c1-inactivator. These findings suggest that the effects of the tested food supplement on these parameters are negligible with respect to improvements in the immunological status of long-distance runners. The changes observed immediately after the run had a transient character. In both groups, however, low lymphocyte counts, IgG subclass 2 levels and c1-inactivator levels were noted at rest, which indicate that the immune status of endurance athletes may be affected by training.
Text-Book of Clinical Anatomy for Students and Practitioners.
Authors: Daniel Nathan Eisendrath
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Author's reply to Vautrey
Authors: J. Appleby
Journal: BMJ (2014)

As deputy chair of the BMA’s GP committee, Vautrey makes the case for a crisis in general practice.1 2 I would agree, but the data to support a “crisis” in general practice of a different order to the deep financial difficulties being experienced across all parts of the NHS in England seems arguable.

As Vautrey acknowledges, even …
Vγ4+ T-cell depletion during exposure to aeroallergen increases airway responsiveness and Th2 cytokine-producting pulmonary T lymphocytes in allergen sensitized mice
Authors: Y. Hahn, C. Taube, K. Takeda, J. Park, N. Jin, K. Aydintug, J.M. Wands, M. Lahn, R.L. O'Brien, E.W. Gelfand, W.K. Born
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Amantadine for Influenza In General Practice
Authors: Arnold Chanin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the appearance of the article by Togo et al (211:1149, 1970), I have used amantadine in the treatment of clinical influenza syndromes with excellent results. Amantadine, available in the United States since 1966, is approved for use in the prophylaxis of A-2 influenza infections and has been found effective. The authors of the article used a double-blind technique to evaluate not the prophylaxis but the actual treatment of A-2 influenza after symptoms appeared. Despite the recurrence of significant influenza outbreaks in the United States, amantadine is still used by few physicians in general medical practice, where it would seem to be most efficacious. The rationalization for the use of antibiotics is that they cover any supposed "secondary infection" that might be present. When no other treatment is available, antibiotics make the patient happy. Not only are antibiotics ineffective in uncomplicated influenza; they do not relieve symptoms
Ambulatory Visits to Hospital Emergency Departments
Authors: Gary P. Young
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To characterize the reasons ambulatory patients use hospital emergency departments (EDs) for outpatient care and to determine the proportion of ED patients who initially are assessed as having nonurgent conditions, but subsequently are hospitalized. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional survey during a single 24-hour period of time. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Fifty-six hospital EDs nationwide. <h3>Patients or Other Participants.</h3> —Consecutive ambulatory patients presenting for care. Patients who arrived by ambulance were excluded. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of 6441 ambulatory patients (79% of all ED visits) who were eligible for study, interviews were obtained from 6187 (96%). A total of 5323 patients (86%) had clinical reasons or preferences for seeking care at an ED, including 2799 (45%) who thought they had an emergency or an urgent condition or were too sick to go elsewhere. Nineteen percent (n=1199) reported that they were sent to the ED by a health care professional. Patients with a regular clinician or with insurance cited similar reasons for seeking care at an ED. A total of 3062 patients (50%) cited 1 or more nonfinancial barriers to care as an important reason for coming to the ED, and 949 (15%) cited financial considerations. A total of 3045 patients (49% of ambulatory patients and 37% of total ED visits) were assessed at triage as having a nonurgent condition; 166 of them (5.5%; 95% confidence interval, 4.7%-6.3%) were admitted to the hospital. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Most ambulatory patients seek care in an ED because of worrisome symptoms or nonfinancial barriers to care. Although many ambulatory patients appear to have nonurgent conditions based on triage classification, a small but disturbing percentage of nonurgent patients are hospitalized.
Personality Features and Personality Disorders in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Urs M. Nater, James F. Jones, Jin Mann S. Lin, Elizabeth Maloney, William C. Reeves, Christine Heim
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) presents unique diagnostic and management challenges. Personality may be a risk factor for CFS and may contribute to the maintenance of the illness. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; 501 study participants were identified from the general population of Georgia: 113 people with CFS, 264 with unexplained unwellness but not CFS (insufficient fatigue, ISF) and 124 well controls. We used the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire, 4th edition, to evaluate DSM-IV personality disorders. We used the NEO Five-Factor Inventory to assess personality features (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness). The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory measured 5 dimensions of fatigue, and the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form 36 measured 8 dimensions of functional impairment. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Twenty-nine percent of the CFS cases had at least 1 personality disorder, compared to 28% of the ISF cases and 7% of the well controls. The prevalence of paranoid, schizoid, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive and depressive personality disorders were significantly higher in CFS and ISF compared to the well controls. The CFS cases had significantly higher scores on neuroticism, and significantly lower scores on extraversion than those with ISF or the well controls. Personality features were correlated with selected composite characteristics of fatigue. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Our results suggest that CFS is associated with an increased prevalence of maladaptive personality features and personality disorders. This might be associated with being noncompliant with treatment suggestions, displaying unhealthy behavioral strategies and lacking a stable social environment. Since maladaptive personality is not specific to CFS, it might be associated with illness per se rather than with a specific condition.
Australian GPs “named and shamed” for abusing Medicare programme
Authors: Christopher Zinn
Journal: BMJ (2006)

In a move aimed at deterring doctors from exploiting the health system, GPs found to have abused Australia's public health Medicare programme have been “named and shamed” by the system's regulatory body. The types of abuse are overprescribing, ordering unnecessary tests, and claiming reimbursement for a very high number of consultations. Some doctors regularly claimed for seeing more than 80 patients a day.

A report sent to 45 000 doctors detailed the 26 doctors from around the country who in the last financial year …
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Relaxation With Educational Support for Medication-Treated Adults With ADHD and Persistent Symptoms
Authors: Steven A. Safren, Susan Sprich, Matthew J. Mimiaga, Craig Surman, Laura Knouse, Meghan Groves, Michael W. Otto
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood is a prevalent, distressing, and impairing condition that is not fully treated by pharmacotherapy alone and lacks evidence-based psychosocial treatments.To test cognitive behavioral therapy for ADHD in adults treated with medication but who still have clinically significant symptoms.Randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for 86 symptomatic adults with ADHD who were already being treated with medication. The study was conducted at a US hospital between November 2004 and June 2008 (follow-up was conducted through July 2009). Of the 86 patients randomized, 79 completed treatment and 70 completed the follow-up assessments.Patients were randomized to 12 individual sessions of either cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation with educational support (which is an attention-matched comparison).The primary measures were ADHD symptoms rated by an assessor (ADHD rating scale and Clinical Global Impression scale) at baseline, posttreatment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. The assessor was blinded to treatment condition assignment. The secondary outcome measure was self-report of ADHD symptoms.Cognitive behavioral therapy achieved lower posttreatment scores on both the Clinical Global Impression scale (magnitude -0.0531; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.01 to -0.05; P = .03) and the ADHD rating scale (magnitude -4.631; 95% CI, -8.30 to -0.963; P = .02) compared with relaxation with educational support. Throughout treatment, self-reported symptoms were also significantly more improved for cognitive behavioral therapy (beta = -0.41; 95% CI, -0.64 to -0.17; P <001), and there were more treatment responders in cognitive behavioral therapy for both the Clinical Global Impression scale (53% vs 23%; odds ratio [OR], 3.80; 95% CI, 1.50 to 9.59; P = .01) and the ADHD rating scale (67% vs 33%; OR, 4.29; 95% CI, 1.74 to 10.58; P = .002). Responders and partial responders in the cognitive behavioral therapy condition maintained their gains over 6 and 12 months.Among adults with persistent ADHD symptoms treated with medication, the use of cognitive behavioral therapy compared with relaxation with educational support resulted in improved ADHD symptoms, which were maintained at 12 months.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00118911.
P403Viable myocardium in patients with left ventricular aneurysm
Authors: E Shalaeva, U Nizamov, A Shalaeva, K Zakirov
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Objective of the study was to assess viable myocardium in patients with left ventricular aneurysm, according to myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with Tc 99m - technetril. Material and methods: 64 patients aged from 45 to 65 years (mean age 52 ± 12,5), 61 males and 1 female were examined in the Republican Specialized Center of Surgery named after academician V. Vokhidov in the department of coronary surgery of ischemic heart disease with myocardial infarction, complicated by left ventricular aneurysm. For the assessment of hibernating myocardium all patients underwent myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with Tc 99m - technetril with "rest - tilt test" protocol. We studied the local violations of perfusion and left ventricular contractility using a 16-segment model of the left ventricle. The results of the study: We analyzed 1024 segments, where in rest there were 347 (30%) of the segments with the absence of perfusion, 553 (54%) ones had normal perfusion, and 124 (16%) of segments marked hypoperfusion. After tilt test, the increased accumulation of Tc 99m occurred in 104 segments while 243 segments were lack of perfusion (p < 0.024). Due to contractile function we found that in rest 522 (51%) of segments had normal contractility, violation of local inotropic functions was in 502 (49%) analyzed sectors, of which 358 (35%) had myocardial akinetic segments and 144 (14 %) were hypokinetic. In response to tilt test myocardium contractility improved in the 129 initially akinetic segments (p <0.048). As a result, the total number of akinetic sectors was 229, and the normal contractility had 563 segments. Conclusion: According to our survey the number of segments with a lack of perfusion decreased by 13%, which accompanied by a reduction in the number of akinetic areas. That proves the viable myocardium in patients with left ventricular aneurysm.
Young Doctors Aiming to Enter Different Specialties
Authors: H. J. Walton, J. M. Last
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Specialty preferences were explored in relation to personality, sex, and examination performance of recent graduates at Edinburgh. Potential surgeons were almost exclusively male, and were not academically outstanding. They were more decided about their future career than any other group, and they were relatively low in anxiety level.Many of the future hospital specialists (excluding surgeons) were women. They were the group least decided about their careers. Potential general practitioners tended to be more anxious in personality. They had failed more professional examinations than any other group. They read less than other groups, the few women among them being particularly non-studious.Women doctors in general were less anxious, more impulsive and sociable, and less studious than the men. The impulsive and sociable doctors of either sex were less decided about their career plans than their relatively unsociable colleagues.
Arthritis and Collagenous Colitis
Authors: J. Castanet
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 August 1994Arthritis and Collagenous ColitisJ. Castanet, MDJ. Castanet, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-3-199408010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The cause of collagenous colitis is unknown. Proposed pathogenic mechanisms include luminal toxicity, especially of gluten [1], an inflammatory process, and a primary defect in collagen turnover. As discussed by Kingham and colleagues [2] and Stampfl and coworkers [3] stimulation of collagen production by inflammation might be enhanced by coexistence of a defect in the regular control of collagen synthesis, such as scleroderma. We agree with Dr. Sowa that collagenous colitis and arthritis may be associated with gold toxicity. However, our patient had never received gold therapy at any time, and we believe that the association with lupus ...References1. McCashland TM, Donovan JP, Stobach RS, Linder J, Quigley EM. Collagenous enterocolitis: a manifestation of gluten-sensitive enteropathy. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992; 15:45-51. Google Scholar2. Kingham JG, Levison DA, Morson BC, Dawson AM. Collagenous colitis. Gut. 1986; 27:570-7. Google Scholar3. Stampfl DA, Friedman LS. Collagenous colitis. Pathophysiologic considerations. Dig Dis Sci. 1991; 36:705-11. Google Scholar4. Giardiello FM, Bayless TM, Jessurun J, Hamilton SR, Yardley JH. Collagenous colitis: physiologic and histopathologic studies in seven patients. Ann Intern Med. 1987; 106:46-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1994Volume 121, Issue 3Page: 237KeywordsArthritisColitisCollagen diseasesGlutenInflammationPathogensRheumatoid arthritisSclerodermaToxicity Issue Published: 1 August 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...