tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response of plasma pancreatic and gastrointestinal hormones and growth hormone to oral and intravenous glucose and insulin hypoglycaemia in Chagas's disease.
Authors: R G Long, R H Albuquerque, A Prata, A J Barnes, T E Adrian, N D Christofides, S R Bloom
Journal: Gut (1980)

Plasma hormonal responses to insulin hypoglycaemia and to oral and intravenous glucose were investigated in chagasic patients with severe bowel disease and compared with controls matched for age, sex, weight, and race. After intravenous insulin, plasma concentrations of pancreatic glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were reduced in the patients with Chagas's disease. These subjects also showed a subnormal rise in plasma insulin after oral glucose. Other hormone responses did not differ significantly from those in the normal controls. These results are compatible with partial denervation of the pancreatic alpha, beta, and PP cells in patients with chronic gastrointestinal Chagas's disease.
Percutaneous Retrieval of a Lost Guidewire That Caused Cardiac Tamponade
Authors: Diego Pérez-Díez, Jorge Salgado-Fernández, Nicolás Vázquez-González, Ramón Calviño-Santos, José Manuel Vázquez-Rodríguez, Guillermo Aldama-López, Juan Javier García-Barreiro, Alfonso Castro-Beiras
Journal: Circulation (2007)
1169 GENETIC POLYMORPHISM IN IL28B PREDICTS NULL VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO PEGYLATED-INTERFERON PLUS RIBAVIRIN THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: M. Kurosaki, Y. Tanaka, N. Nishida, M. Sugiyama, K. Matsuura, Y. Asahina, F. Sugauchi, N. Sakamoto, M. Nakagawa, M. Watanabe, A. Sakai, M. Honda, S. Kaneko, K. Ito, N. Masaki, K. Tokunaga, N. Izumi, M. Mizokami
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Left Ventricular Preejection Period and Ejection Time in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: MORRISON HODGES, BARRY L. HALPERN, GOTTLIEB C. FRIESINGER, GILLES R. DAGENAIS
Journal: Circulation (1972)

The phases of systole were measured in 51 patients with acute myocardial infarction and three control groups: (1) a group of 40 patients without heart disease, (2) a group of 23 patients admitted to a coronary care unit for chest pain, who did not have an acute myocardial infarction, and (3) a group of 16 patients with stable angina pectoris and arteriographically proven coronary atherosclerosis. In addition, serial measurements were made in the acute myocardial infarction group. Total electricalmechanical systole (QS 2 ), the preejection period (PEP), and left ventricular ejection time (LVET) were measured in each patient from simultaneous recordings of the ECG, phonocardiogram, and carotid pulse tracing. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures and QRS duration were also measured. Corrections were made for heart rate where appropriate. The average PEP was elevated on the first day of myocardial infarction but was within normal limits thereafter. The LVET and QS 2 were significantly shortened until the fourth week of hospitalization. There was considerable overlap in the PEP values among the four groups. Eight patients died of acute myocardial infarction; the PEP was abnormally short in three (two of whom had cardiogenic shock), normal in two, and abnormally long in three. The PEP/LVET ratio separated the acute MI group from the normal group but not from the other two patient groups. Clinical class, digitalis, and infarct location did not produce characteristic changes in the systolic time intervals. A reduction in stroke volume is the most likely explanation for the reduction in LVET and QS 2 . The wide range in PEP values observed is best explained by alterations in the multiple determinants of PEP. The systolic time intervals do not appear to be useful as a diagnostic or prognostic tool in acute myocardial infarction.
Medicare's New Benefits: Catastrophic Health Insurance
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Medicare's new health insurance benefit for catastrophic illness, proposed by the Reagan administration and expanded by a Congress hungry to demonstrate its election-year fealty to the elderly, nevertheless incorporates an important policy that is consistent with the government's budget woes: the elderly will pay for the benefit themselves through larger premiums based mostly on their individual financial circumstances. The expansion also reflects another reality — that the growth of federal spending on health may have moderated during the Reagan presidency, but it still outstripped every other major programmatic area with the exception of interest on the national debt. As a . . .
CATHETER ABLATION OF ASYMPTOMATIC LONG-STANDING PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE, EXERCISE PERFORMANCE, ARRHYTHMIA PERCEPTION AND ARRHYTHMIA-FREE SURVIVAL
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Pasquale Santangeli, Prasant Mohanty, Luigi Di Biase, Shawna Holcomb, Chintan Trivedi, Rong Bai, John Burkhardt, Richard Hongo, Steven Hao, Salwa Beheiry, Francesco Santoro, Giovanni Forleo, Joe Gallinghouse, Rodney Horton, Javier Sanchez, Shane Bailey, Patrick Hranitzky, Jason Zagrodzky, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Less skin irritation from alcohol-based disinfectant than from detergent used for hand disinfection
Authors: L.K. Pedersen, E. Held, J.D. Johansen, T. Agner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

The benefit of alcohol-based disinfectant used on normal skin has been debated.The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of repeated exposure to an alcohol-based disinfectant, a detergent and an alcohol-based disinfectant/detergent alternately for 10 days, including noninvasive measurements in the evaluation. Skin reactivity in irritated skin after a 4-week interval was also evaluated.Detergent, disinfectant and alternate disinfectant and detergent were applied twice daily every 10 min for 1 h to the ventral upper arms and forearms of 17 healthy volunteers. A control area was included. After 4 weeks an SLS patch was applied to each area. Irritant reactions were quantified with a visual score recording and measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin colour were performed on days 1, 5, 11, 38 and 40.On day 5 the detergent caused a higher visual score than either disinfectant applied alone or alternate disinfectant and detergent, P < 0.05. On day 11 detergent and alternate disinfectant and detergent caused a higher score than disinfectant, P < 0.05. An increased irritant response for detergent compared with disinfectant alone and alternate disinfectant and detergent was confirmed by TEWL evaluations on days 5 and 11, P < 0.001, while no significant difference was found by colour measurement. After 4 weeks, when evaluated by colour measurement, significantly less response to the SLS patch was found on the disinfectant-treated area compared with the control area and detergent area, and a similar trend was found for TEWL, although it was not statistically significant.Alcohol-based disinfectant caused less visible skin irritation and less skin barrier disruption than the use of detergent. The alternate use of detergent and disinfectant caused less irritation than the use of detergent, and a possible interaction between the two irritants was not indicated. After 4 weeks there was a tendency for decreased skin reactivity in the skin areas which had 4 weeks previously been exposed to disinfectant.
Persistent elevation of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors in cholangiopathies affects liver fibrosis and differentiation
Authors: Hsiang–Po Huang, Mei–Hwei Chang, Yi–Tzu Chen, Hong–Yuan Hsu, Cheng–Lun Chiang, Tai–Shan Cheng, Yao–Ming Wu, Mu Zon Wu, Yu–Chen Hsu, Chih–Che Shen, Chun–Nan Lee, Ya–Hui Chuang, Chia–Lun Hong, Yung–Ming Jeng, Pin–Hsun Chen, Huey–Ling Chen, Ming–Shyue Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Alteration of cell surface proteolysis has been proposed to play a role in liver fibrosis, a grave complication of biliary atresia (BA). In this study we investigated the roles of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor (HAI)–1 and –2 in the progression of BA. The expression levels of HAI–1 and –2 were significantly increased in BA livers compared with those in neonatal hepatitis and correlated with disease progression. In BA livers, HAI–1 and –2 were coexpressed in cells involved in ductular reactions. In other selective cholangiopathies, ductular cells positive for HAI–1 or HAI–2 also increased in number. Inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and bile acids differentially up–regulated expression of HAI–1 and –2 transcripts in fetal liver cells and this induction could be antagonized by a cyclooxygenase–2 inhibitor. Conditioned media from cell lines stably overexpressing HAI–1 or HAI–2 enhanced the fibrogenic activity of portal fibroblasts and stellate cells, suggesting that both proteins might be involved in liver fibrosis. Because HAI–1 and –2 colocalized in ductular reactions sharing similar features to those observed during normal liver development, we sought to investigate the role of HAI–1 and –2 in cholangiopathies by exploring their functions in fetal liver cells. Knockdown of HAI–1 or HAI–2 promoted bidirectional differentiation of hepatoblast–derived cells. In addition, we showed that the hepatocyte growth factor activator, mitogen–activated protein kinase kinase 1, and phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase signaling pathways were involved in hepatic differentiation enhanced by HAI–2 knockdown. Conclusion : HAI–1 and –2 are overexpressed in the liver in cholangiopathies with ductular reactions and are possibly involved in liver fibrosis and hepatic differentiation; they could be investigated as disease markers and potential therapeutic targets. (Hepatology 2012)
Surgical Repair of Complete Acromioclavicular Separation
Authors: James P. Ahstrom
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Proper strength, endurance, and motion after acromioclavicular separation are dependent upon maintenance of proper reduction until strong ligamentous healing can occur. This is best accomplished by open reduction of the joint, removal of debris from the joint cavity, strong temporary internal fixation, and provision for proper ligamentous reinforcement or reconstruction. This last feature is provided by turning the tendon of the short head of the biceps proximal-ward and suturing it to the clavicle. This reinforces any healing which can be accomplished by the original ligaments and replaces them altogether if the injury is old. There is no chronologic age limit for this procedure which achieves the desired objectives and enables the patient to be comfortable and useful during his convalescence. The 15 cases reviewed had follow-up periods as long as 73 months.
The assessment of health status among patients with COPD
Authors: J.R. Curtis, D.L. Patrick
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Survival and physiological measures alone do not represent the full experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Reducing the personal and social burden of disease by improving patients' symptoms, functional status and quality of life are also important goals. There has been a substantial increase in the use of newly developed tools that measure health status and it is important for clinicians and researchers to understand these instruments' strengths and weaknesses in providing insight into a patient's condition and experience. Relying only on mortality and physiological outcomes could blind a clinician to significant benefits patients may receive from a treatment. A growing body of research utilises end-points assessed directly by patients whose self-reported health status includes health-related quality of life and functional status. This article reviews major concepts and methods in health-status assessments for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which will have an important role in assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of new treatments.
EFFECTOR CELL BLOCKADE
Authors: John W. Schrader, G. J. V. Nossal
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

This study describes the effects of incubating antibody-forming cells (AFC), either as mass cell suspensions, or as single AFC in microdroplets, with antigens against which the cells display specificity. Most of the work was done with hapten-specific anti-DNP-AFC, but AFC with specificity against flagellar antigens or fowl gamma globulin (FGG) were also included. It was noted that 30-min incubation of AFC with highly multivalent forms of antigen caused a substantial partial suppression of the antibody-forming performance of the AFC as measured by a hemolytic plaque test. Thus, when cell suspensions containing anti-DNP plaque-forming cells (PFC), were incubated for 30 min at 37 degrees C with 100 microg of DNP-polymerized flagellin (DNP-POL), the number of plaques appearing after washing of the cells and placing them in plaque-revealing erythrocyte monolayers was reduced to 50% or less compared with the number of plaques observed with control portions preincubated with medium alone. Preincubation with DNP-lysine, with oligovalent DNP-protein conjugates, or with irrelevant antigens produced no such inhibition. Studies where preinhibited PFC suspensions were mixed with control suspensions before assay showed that a nonspecific carryover of antigen into the assay system was not involved. The inhibitory effect could also be initiated by holding cells at 0 degrees C with DNP-POL, but in that case, inhibition only became manifest after cells were incubated for 30 min at 37 degrees C before being placed in plaque-revealing monolayers. This suggested that inhibition was initiated by adsorption of multivalent antigen onto PFC-surface Ig, but required some active process before secretion actually slowed down. The effect was dose- and time-dependent, antigen-specific, and generalized for all antigens studied. As well as yielding reduced plaque numbers, the preinhibited cells also gave smaller, more turbid plaques, suggesting a reduction in antibody-forming rate by each PFC rather than the elimination of PFC. Consistent with this suggestion was the observation that the degree of inhibition of plaque formation could be increased by decreasing the sensitivity of the assay so that only AFC secreting at high rates were detected. A micromanipulation study, where single PFC were subjected to inhibition, and were then tested for the rate at which they could cause hemolysis, showed a 68% inhibition of mean secretory rate. Micromanipulation studies were performed to test the amount of cell surface-associated Ig on control and preinhibited PFC. For this, single PFC were held with [(125)I]antiglobulin and quantitative radioautography was performed. No significant difference emerged, suggesting that retention of secreted Ig on cell-attached antigen was not the cause of inhibition. The results are discussed in the framework of tolerance models and blocking effects at the T-cell level by antigen-antibody complexes. The name effector cell blockade is suggested in the belief that the phenomenon may be a general one applying to both T and B cells.
Reply from Authors re: Joshua J. Meeks, James A. Eastham. Robotic Prostatectomy: The Rise of the Machines or Judgment Day. Eur Urol 2012;61:686–7
Authors: Quoc-Dien Trinh, Maxine Sun, Jesse Sammon, Mani Menon, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2012)
TCTAP A-039 Could Novel Bio-SYNTAX Score Predict Mortality in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Left Main Coronary Artery Bifurcation Lesions?
Authors: Jae Hee Kim, Jang Hoon Lee, Se Yong Jang, Sun Hee Park, Myung Hwan Bae, Dong Heon Yang, Hun Sik Park, Yongkeun Cho, Shung Chull Chae
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Cancer Fundraising Difficulties Cause Tactical Changes For Many Charities
Authors: M. J. Marks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Cancer Fundraising Difficulties Cause Tactical Changes For Many Charities Get access Meretta J. Marks Meretta J. Marks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Pages 904–905, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.904 Published: 06 June 1990
Inactivation of endothelial derived relaxing factor by oxidized lipoproteins.
Authors: J H Chin, S Azhar, B B Hoffman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Endothelial cell derived relaxing factor (EDRF) mediated relaxation of blood vessels is impaired in vessels exposed to lipoproteins in vitro and in arteries of hyperlipidemic humans and animals. To investigate the mechanism by which lipoproteins impair the effects of EDRF, which is likely nitric oxide (NO) or a related molecule, we have bioassayed EDRF/NO activity by measuring its ability to increase cGMP accumulation in rat fetal lung cultured fibroblasts (RFL-6 cells). Low density lipoprotein modified by oxidation (ox-LDL) induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of EDRF activity that had been released from bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) stimulated with bradykinin or the calcium ionophore A23187. In addition, lipoproteins directly impaired authentic NO-induced stimulation of cGMP accumulation in the detector cells; stimulation by sodium nitroprusside was unaffected. Ox-LDL or oxidized HDL3 were highly potent in blocking NO-stimulated cGMP accumulation with EC50's of approximately 1 microgram/ml. Lipid extracted from ox-LDL blocked NO-stimulated cGMP accumulation to about the same extent as intact ox-LDL, while the protein component of ox-LDL did not inhibit the cGMP response. These results suggest that the lipid component of oxidized lipoproteins inactivate EDRF after its release from endothelial cells.
Mechanistic and Predictive Profiling of 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Human Cancer Cells
Authors: Weiguang Wang, James Cassidy, Vincent O’Brien, Kevin M. Ryan, Elaina Collie-Duguid
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Gene expression was analyzed in five pairs of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistant and parental cancer cell lines on DNA microarrays. In unsupervised analysis, a prediction rule was built from the expression profiles of 29 genes, and 5-FU sensitivity class was predicted with 100% accuracy and high predictive strength. In supervised analysis of key 5-FU pathways, expression of 91 genes was associated with 5-FU sensitivity phenotype and segregated samples accordingly in hierarchical analysis. Key genes involved in 5-FU activation were significantly down-regulated (thymidine kinase, 2.9-fold; orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, 2.3-fold; uridine monophosphate kinase, 3.2-fold; pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase 3.6-fold) in resistant cells. Overexpression of thymidylate synthase and its adjacent gene, c-Yes, was detected in the resistant cell lines. The mRNA and protein overexpression of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) p65 and related antiapoptotic c-Flip gene was detected in resistant cells. The 5-FU-resistant cell lines also showed high NFκB DNA-binding activity. Cotransfection of NFκB p50 and p65 cDNA induced 5-FU resistance in MCF-7 cells. Both NFκB- and 5-FU-induced resistant cell lines manifested reduced expression of genes governing G1-S and S-phase transition. Expression of genes involved in DNA replication was also down-regulated in resistant cell lines. These findings were highly consistent with the slower growth rate, higher proportion of G1, and lower proportion of S-phase cells in the resistant cell lines. This phenotype may protect resistant cells from cell death induced by incorporation of 5-FU into DNA chains, by allowing time to repair 5-FU-induced damage. Our findings may provide novel targets for tackling 5-FU resistance.
OC-118 Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) is a better prognostic indicator in PT4 colorectal cancer than pathological subtyping into PT4A and PT4B: clinicopathological analysis of 276 cases
Authors: R Sreekumar, A Mirnezami, R Turck, M Bullock, T Cheung, A Bruce
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The presence of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) has been associated with reduced survival in colorectal cancer (CRC), and failure to consider it may account for discrepancies in outcome between similar stages. One clinically and pathologically heterogeneous subtype of CRC is T4 disease. At the microscopic level, some tumours are classed as <b>pT4a</b> due to invasion of local organs, while others are defined as <b>pT4b d</b>ue to invasion of the visceral peritoneum (based on 5th edition of TNM). The aim of the present study was to compare T4a and T4b colorectal cancers for EMVI status and longterm outcome. <h3>Methods</h3> Pathological data on consecutive cases of T4 colorectal cancer proceeding to surgery were extracted from a prospectively collected database between 2004 and 2011. Pathological parameters analysed included macroscopic tumour details, differentiation, nodal status, and the presence of EMVI. Patient demographics, disease stage, and longterm oncological outcomes were evaluated in all cases. <h3>Results</h3> 276 consecutive cases of T4 colorectal cancer were identified during the study period. 92% of tumours were colonic and 8% rectal. 79% of tumours were T4b, and the remainder T4a. 35% of cases were stage II disease, 43% stage III, and 22% stage IV. No difference was noted between T4a and T4b tumours for tumour differentiation, or lymph node positivity. No difference in cancer specific and disease free survival were noted between pT4a and pT4b tumours, however significantly divergent survival curves were found for EMVI positive and negative disease. The median cancer specific survival for T4a vs T4b was 32 months vs 41 months respectively (<b><i>log rank p=0.569</i></b>). Median disease free survival for the same cohort was 23 months vs 36 months respectively <b>(log rank p=0.882).</b> Median Cancer specific survival in patients with and without EMVI was 25 vs 60 months respectively <b>(log rank</b> p<b>. Median disease free survival was 15</b> <b>months for those with EMVI, compared to 64</b> <b>months in those without (log rank p.</b> <h3>Conclusion</h3> Subtyping of T4 tumours by EMVI status may be a better prognostic indicator than division into T4a and T4b. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Number of patients required in lung function studies.
Authors: A G Davison, P M Fayers, A J Nunn, K M Venables, A J Taylor
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Tables are presented showing estimates of the number of subjects which is required to give an 80% or 90% chance of detecting various differences in forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, total lung capacity, transfer factor, and residual volume between the mean of two groups by means of Student9s t test.
HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 signatures of gluten T cell epitopes in celiac disease
Authors: S. Tollefsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Celiac disease is associated with HLA-DQ2 and, to a lesser extent, HLA-DQ8. Type 1 diabetes is associated with the same DQ molecules in the opposite order and with possible involvement of trans-encoded DQ heterodimers. T cells that are reactive with gluten peptides deamidated by transglutaminase 2 and invariably restricted by DQ2 or DQ8 can be isolated from celiac lesions. We used intestinal T cells from celiac patients to map DQ2 and DQ8 epitopes within 2 representative gluten proteins, alpha-gliadin AJ133612 and gamma-gliadin M36999. For alpha-gliadin, DQ2- and DQ8-restricted T cells recognized deamidated peptides of 2 separate regions. For gamma-gliadin, DQ2- and DQ8-restricted T cells recognized deamidated peptides of the same region. Some gamma-gliadin peptides were recognized by T cells in the context of DQ2 or DQ8 when bound in exactly the same registers, but with different requirements for deamidation; deamidation at peptide position 4 (P4) was important for DQ2-restricted T cells, whereas deamidation at P1 and/or P9 was important for DQ8-restricted T cells. Peptides combining the DQ2 and DQ8 signatures could be presented by DQ2, DQ8, and trans-encoded DQ heterodimers. Our findings shed light on the basis for the HLA associations in celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.