tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angioid Streaks in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: E W Cheeseman, A E Bidwell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A 22-year-old man with pseudoxanthoma elasticum and normal visual acuity was found to have bilateral angioid streaks. These vessel-like streaks (arrowheads) are breaks in Bruch's membrane beneath the retina. They can threaten vision if subretinal neovascularization develops and causes subretinal leakage of serous fluid or blood. Neovascularization can be treated with laser therapy. (Photograph by Daniel Selph.)
Irradiation-induced motor disorder of the oesophagus
Authors: J A C Thorpe, C Oakland, I P Adams, H R Matthews
Journal: Gut (1982)

This case report describes the late development of an achalasia-like disturbance of oesophageal motility following irradiation to the neck for a pharyngeal lymphosarcoma. The radiological, manometric and endoscopic findings are recorded as well as laboratory investigations showing evidence of complete vagal denervation.
L457F missense mutation within the 2B rod domain of keratin 9 in a Japanese family with epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma
Authors: A. Kon, N. Ito, Y. Kudo, K. Nomura, K. Yoneda, K Hanada, I Hashimoto, K. Takagaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)
Care of Diabetic Patients by Optometrists in New York State
Authors: Carolyn L Olsen, Todd M Gerber, Aaron Kassoff
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective This study was undertaken to learn about the involvement of optometrists in the eye care of diabetic patients in New York and to collect baseline data for planning intervention programs in diabetic eye disease. Research Design and Methods This study was conducted by a mail survey being sent to all optometrists in New York whom we could identify through state sources (n = 2270). Three follow-up mailings were conducted. Results Eighty-six percent who received our mailing responded, 87%of whom reported that they see diabetic patients. Analysis was confined to this 87%. Routine retinal examinations were provided by 68% of the respondents who see diabetic patients, 62% of whom dilate the pupils. Sixty-eight percent who see diabetic patients diagnose retinopathy solely by their own examination, and 60% of these dilate. Follow-up of retinopathy was provided by 15% of optometrists who see diabetic patients, 90% of whom dilate the pupils of their diabetic patients. Twenty-five percent of respondents who see diabetic patients refer them to an ophthalmologist for diagnosis of retinopathy, and 67% refer all retinopathy patients to an ophthalmologist for follow-up. Although 91% of respondents recommended eye examinations at least annually for diabetic patients, only 68% specifically recommended annual examinations through dilated pupils. Those who dilate were significantly more likely to recommend annual dilated examinations than those who do not dilate, regardless of practice setting. Conclusions These findings indicate that optometrists as a group see many diabetic patients. Intervention strategies should include increased emphasis on the use of dilation when examining diabetic patients and annual dilated retinal examinations.
Grant Swinger’s Innovations
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

For deep and original insights into the affairs of the scientific community, there is no better source than Grant Swinger, Director of the Center for the Absorption of Federal Funds.Swinger gives few interviews or public addresses and rarely publishes, having resolved the traditional conflicts among research, teaching, and administration by engaging in none of them. It was my good fortune, however, to encounter him on a recent air journey, of which he takes many, since in addition to the directorship, he holds the Center's Pan American Chair — a seat reserved in perpetuity on the airline of the same . . .
Advanced cancer therapy by integrative antitumor actions via systemic administration of miR-499
Authors: Hidenori Ando, Tomohiro Asai, Hiroyuki Koide, Ayaka Okamoto, Noriyuki Maeda, Koji Tomita, Takehisa Dewa, Tetsuo Minamino, Naoto Oku
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Surgeon specific mortality in adult cardiac surgery: comparison between crude and risk stratified data
Authors: B. Bridgewater
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> As a result of recent failures in clinical governance the government has made a commitment to bring individual surgeons9 mortality data into the public domain. We have analysed a database to compare crude mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery with outcomes that were stratified by risk. <b>Design</b> Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. <b>Setting</b> All NHS centres in the geographical north west of England that undertake cardiac surgery in adults. <b>Participants</b> All patients undergoing isolated bypass graft surgery for the first time between April 1999 and March 2002. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Surgeon specific postoperative mortality and predicted mortality by EuroSCORE. <b>Results</b> 8572 patients were operated on by 23 surgeons. Overall mortality was 1.7%. Observed mortality between surgeons ranged from 0% to 3.7%; predicted mortality ranged from 2% to 3.7%. Eighty five per cent (7286) of the patients had a EuroSCORE of 5 or less; 49% of the deaths were in this lower risk group. A large proportion of the variability in predicted mortality between surgeons was due to a small but differing number of high risk patients. <b>Conclusions</b> It is possible to collect risk stratified data on all patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. For most the predicted mortality is low. The small proportion of high risk patients is responsible for most of the differences in predicted mortality between surgeons. Crude comparisons of death rates can be misleading and may encourage surgeons to practise risk averse behaviour. We recommend a comparison of death rates that is stratified by risk and based on low risk cases as the national benchmark for assessing consultant specific performance.
Reduced-intensity conditioning significantly improves survival of patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Rebecca A. Marsh, Gretchen Vaughn, Mi-Ok Kim, Dandan Li, Sonata Jodele, Sarita Joshi, Parinda A. Mehta, Stella M. Davies, Michael B. Jordan, Jack J. Bleesing, Alexandra H. Filipovich
Journal: Blood (2010)
Seroepidemiology for MERS coronavirus using microneutralisation and pseudoparticle virus neutralisation assays reveal a high prevalence of antibody in dromedary camels in Egypt, June 2013
Authors: R A Perera, P Wang, M R Gomaa, R El-Shesheny, A Kandeil, O Bagato, L Y Siu, M M Shehata, A S Kayed, Y Moatasim, M Li, L L Poon, Y Guan, R J Webby, M A Ali, J S Peiris, G Kayali
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

We describe a novel spike pseudoparticle neutralisation assay (ppNT) for seroepidemiological studies on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and apply this assay together with conventional microneutralisation (MN) tests to investigate 1,343 human and 625 animal sera. The sera were collected in Egypt as a region adjacent to areas where MERS has been described, and in Hong Kong, China as a control region. Sera from dromedary camels had a high prevalence of antibody reactive to MERS-CoV by MERS NT (93.6%) and MERS ppNT (98.2%) assay. The antibody titres ranged up to 1,280 and higher in MN assays and 10,240 and higher in ppNT assays. No other investigated species had any antibody reactivity to MERS-CoV. While seropositivity does not exclude the possibility of infection with a closely related virus, our data highlight the need to attempt detection of MERS-CoV or related coronaviruses in dromedary camels. The data show excellent correlation between the conventional MN assay and the novel ppNT assay. The newly developed ppNT assay does not require Biosafety Level 3 containment and is thus a relatively high-throughput assay, well suited for large-scale seroepidemiology studies which are needed to better understand the ecology and epidemiology of MERS-CoV.
Interleukin-1β Is Crucial for the Induction of Coronary Artery Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Youngho Lee, Danica J. Schulte, Kenichi Shimada, Shuang Chen, Timothy R. Crother, Norika Chiba, Michael C. Fishbein, Thomas J.A. Lehman, Moshe Arditi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acute vasculitis and acquired cardiac disease in US children. Untreated, children may develop coronary artery aneurysms, myocardial infarction, and sudden death as a result of the illness. Up to a third of KD patients fail to respond to intravenous immunoglobulin, the standard therapy, and alternative treatments are being investigated. Genetic studies have indicated a possible role for interleukin (IL)-1β in KD. We therefore explored the role of IL-1β in a murine model of KD.Using an established mouse model of KD that involves injection of Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE), we investigated the role of IL-1β and caspase-1 (activated by the inflammasome and required for IL-1β maturation) in coronary arteritis and evaluated the efficacy of IL-1 receptor antagonist as a potential treatment. LCWE-induced IL-1β maturation and secretion were dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. Both caspase-1-deficient and IL-1 receptor-deficient mice were protected from LCWE-induced coronary lesions. Injection of recombinant IL-1β into caspase-1-deficient mice restored the ability of LCWE to cause coronary lesions in response to LCWE. Furthermore, daily injections of the IL-1 receptor antagonist prevented LCWE-mediated coronary lesions up to 3 days after LCWE injection.Our results strongly suggest that caspase-1 and IL-1β play critical roles in the development of coronary lesions in this KD mouse model, blocked by IL-1 receptor antagonist. Therefore, anti-IL-1β treatment strategies may constitute an effective, more targeted treatment of KD to prevent coronary lesions.
INGUINAL HERNIA OF THE BLADDER.REPORT OF A CASE. REMARKS ON DIAGNOSIS.
Authors: S. C. PLUMMER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —H. E. R., aged 40, locomotive engineer, on Dec. 24, 1903, jumped from his engine, which was about to leave the track. He struck on his feet, which slid out from under him, allowing him to fall heavily on his buttocks. <h3>Examination.</h3> —Dr. R. A. Kerr, of Peoria, who examined him the same day, reports "a very large left inguinal ring. No previous history of hernia. No protrusion of abdominal contents." About a month later I saw the patient and he plainly had, at that time, a left inguinal hernia. I arranged to operate on him at a later date to suit his convenience. On the right side, there was no sign of a testicle either in the scrotum or in the inguinal canal, and the patient said there never had been. <h3>Operation.</h3> —June 16, 1904. After making the usual incision, a thick-walled sac, containing much fat, was separated,
Hemolytic Reaction to a Platelet Concentrate
Authors: BRUCE C. MCLEOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1981Hemolytic Reaction to a Platelet ConcentrateBRUCE C. MCLEOD, M.D., RICHARD J. SASSETTI, M.D., JOAN H. WEENS, M.D., THIRU VAITHIANATHAN, M.D.BRUCE C. MCLEOD, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD J. SASSETTI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOAN H. WEENS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, THIRU VAITHIANATHAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-4-543_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Transfusing ABO-incompatible plasma in small amounts has long been considered permissible because the antibody dose will be limited and will be "diluted" in a large pool of erythrocytes (1). We have recently seen an exception to this rule: a hemolytic transfusion reaction after administration of a small quantity of incompatible plasma in a platelet concentrate.A 45-year-old A1Rh0, (D) positive man had pancytopenia after chemotherapy for erythroleukemia. He had received group A erythrocytes, groups A and AB plasma, and platelet concentrates (including some from donors of groups O and B) without incident. He had been moderately...References1. MOLLISON P. Blood Transfusion in Clinical Medicine. Oxford: Blackwell; 1979:549. Google Scholar2. MILLER W, ed. Technical Manual of the American Association of Blood Banks. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott; 1977:234. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center Mid-America Red Cross Blood Services Chicago, IL 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAnalytic Reviews : Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions: A Review of Mechanisms, Sequelae, and ManagementHaemolysis induced by intravenously‐administered immunoglobulinBlood and blood products 1 April 1981Volume 94, Issue 4_Part_1Page: 543-543KeywordsBlood plasmaChemotherapyPlatelets Issue Published: 1 April 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Authors: S Thomas, M O'Doherty, N Bateman
Journal: BMJ (1990)

The aim of this paper is to criticise the well-discussed principle of Procreative Beneficence (PB) lately refined by Julian Savulescu and Guy Kahane. First, it is argued that advocates of PB leave us with an implausible justification for the moral partiality towards the child (or children) which reproducers decide to bring into existence as compared with all other individuals. This is implausible because the reasons given in favour of the partiality of PB, which are based on practical reason and common-sense morality, can just as well be used to guide reproducers to make choices that do not support partiality towards one9s possible children. This seems to be true as least in some situations. Second, it is argued that Jakob Elster9s recent critique of PB is problematic and specifically that a counterexample designed by Elster to criticise PB because of its partiality towards one9s own children misses the target. Finally, a genuine counterexample to PB is developed in order to show that the partiality of PB leads to the wrong answer in a specific case.
Community Hospital and Medical School Linkage
Authors: Phil R. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The community hospital has become a major site for the formal continuing education of physicians. In California, hospitals currently supply more than 40% of reported continuing medical education hours, and there is every likelihood this trend will be repeated across the country. These findings were recently reported in January 1977 by the Department of Continuing Education of the California Medical Association. Medical schools serve as important resources for these programs, supplying faculty lecturers or acting as speakers' bureaus. Occasionally, short-term residencies or fellowships at the medical school are provided for community hospital staff physicians.<sup>1,2</sup>These relationships have been limited, however, and many community hospitals do not have the resources or staff to organize educational activities effectively. There is rich potential for cooperative efforts to develop effective practice-related continuing education at the hospital site, with the medical school providing assistance with educational planning, including needs identification and evaluation, resources and
Effects of Psychotic State and Task Demand on Prefrontal Function in Schizophrenia: An fMRI Study of Overt Verbal Fluency
Authors: Cynthia H.Y. Fu, John Suckling, Steve C.R. Williams, Chris M. Andrew, Goparlen N. Vythelingum, Philip K. McGuire
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: Impaired prefrontal cortical function is regarded as a central feature of schizophrenia. Although many neuroimaging studies have found evidence of abnormal prefrontal activation when patients with schizophrenia perform cognitive tasks, the extent to which this abnormality depends on the presence of active psychotic symptoms and on the demands of the task is unclear. The authors tested the hypothesis that prefrontal functional abnormalities in schizophrenia would be more evident in patients with active psychosis than in patients who were in remission and would become more apparent in the face of increasing task demands. METHOD: The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine prefrontal cortical activity during a paced letter verbal fluency task in three groups of subjects: acutely psychotic patients with schizophrenia, schizophrenia patients in remission, and healthy volunteers. Online subject performance was measured by utilizing a clustered fMRI acquisition sequence that allowed overt verbal responses to be made in the relative absence of scanner noise. RESULTS: Patients with schizophrenia showed less activation than the healthy comparison subjects in the anterior cingulate and the inferior frontal and right middle frontal cortices, independent of psychotic state and task demand. Acutely psychotic patients showed less activation than the healthy comparison subjects, but these differences were less marked than the differences between the patients in remission and the healthy comparison subjects. Acutely psychotic patients had less activation than the comparison subjects in the anterior cingulate but no significant difference in lateral prefrontal activation. Increasing task demand led to greater anterior cingulate and middle frontal activation in patients with active psychosis than in patients in remission. CONCLUSIONS: Schizophrenia is associated with impaired prefrontal function, but its manifestation depends on the severity of psychotic symptoms and the level of task difficulty.
Tolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) induced in ASA‐sensitive asthmatics does not depend on initial adverse reaction
Authors: M. Szmidt, I. Grzelewska‐Rzymowska, M. L. Kowalski, J. Roźgniecki
Journal: Allergy (1987)

A state of tolerance to aspirin (ASA) was induced in 10 aspirin-sensitive patients by daily administration of incremental doses of ASA. No adverse reactions were reported. The initial dose (from 5 to 60 mg) was gradually increased each day up to 300 mg and then doubled. 50 mg indomethacin given the day after administration of 600 mg ASA did not elicit any symptom of intolerance. The authors discuss a possible mechanism of tolerance to aspirin in ASA-sensitive asthmatics after ASA administration, suggesting that it might be connected either with inhibition of the lipooxygenetic pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism or with blockade of the cyclooxygenase supplementary binding site by salicylic acid, a product of acetylsalicylic acid hydrolysis. This would prevent aspirin from binding with the catalytic cyclooxygenase site.
Abstract 110: Role of CARD 10 mediated NF-kB activation in colorectal carcinoma cells
Authors: Rong Bu, Maqbool Ahmed, Prashant Bavi, Mehar Sultana, Wael Al-Haqawi, Shahab Uddin, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Colorectal carcinoma is the fourth most common cancer in men and the third in women worldwide, accounting for 8% of all cancer deaths. NF-κB gene plays a role in tumorgenesis through the transcriptional activation of genes associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor promotion, inflammation and suppression of apoptosis. NF-κB protein activation, defined as nuclear expression of NF-κB by immunohistochemistry was an independent prognostic marker for poor survival. CARD10 gene is known positive regulator of the NF-κB activation pathway and can activate the NF-κB activity. CARD10 is an enzyme that is encoded by the CARD10 gene and it associates with IKK complex resulting in NF-κB activation. Considering the potential therapeutic utility of targeting NF-κB and its key modulators, we previously studied CARD10 genetic alterations and immunohistochemical expression of CARD10 in a large cohort cases1. CARD10 protein expression associated significantly with NF-κB activation, and CARD10 amplification was significantly associated with CARD10 protein expression and presence of distance metastasis. To extend and confirm our clinical finding, we performed in vitro studies using a panel of CRC cell lines to investigate the biological role of CARD10 alterations in CRC carcinogenesis. Our data showed that TNF-α treatment caused efficient translocation of p56 in CARD 10 muatation harboring cell line -DLD-1 cells to nucleus as compared to HCT-15 cells. Furthermore, the luciferase activity was significantly higher in CARD 10 amplified HCT-116 cells as compared to DLD1 and HCT-15 cells which carry normal CRAD10 gene copy number after 48 hours of transfection with an NF-κB reporter. In addition, it was also observed that the formation of colonies was significantly higher in HCT-116 as compared to DLD-1 and HCT-15. Finally CARD 10 siRNA transfection knocked down the expression of CARD10 and abrogated the expression of NF-κB, and resulted in apoptosis through activation of caspase-3. These data suggest that CARD10 mutation and amplification mediated NFκB activation play an important role in cellular transformation of CRC cells. Thus, the study raises the possibility that inhibition of CARD10 might have significant therapeutic value in CRC. Reference: 1: Jehad Abubaker, Prashant Bavi, Zeenath Jehan, Maqbool Ahmed, Wael Al-Haqawi, Mehar Sultana, Sarita Prabhakaran, Nasser Al-Sanea, Alaa Abduljabbar, Luai H Ashari, Samar Alhomoud, Fouad Al-Dayel, Shahab Uddin, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya. Clinicopathological significance of CARD10 alterations in Middle Eastern colorectal cancer. 102nd AACR Annual Meeting, April2-6, 2011, Orlando, Florida. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 110. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-110
Biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT): the role of endoscopic management
Authors: J. Špicák, M. Ryska, F. Belina, P. Trunecka, J. Peregrin, H. Filipová, P. Štirand, I. Skála, Š. Vítko, K. Filip
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Science and social responsibility in public health.
Authors: Douglas L Weed, Robert E McKeown
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Epidemiologists and environmental health researchers have a joint responsibility to acquire scientific knowledge that matters to public health and to apply the knowledge gained in public health practice. We examine the nature and source of these social responsibilities, discuss a debate in the epidemiological literature on roles and responsibilities, and cite approaches to environmental justice as reflective of them. At one level, responsibility refers to accountability, as in being responsible for actions taken. A deeper meaning of responsibility corresponds to commitment to the pursuit and achievement of a valued end. Epidemiologists are committed to the scientific study of health and disease in human populations and to the application of scientific knowledge to improve the public's health. Responsibility is also closely linked to reliability. Responsible professionals reliably perform the tasks they set for themselves as well as the tasks society expects them to undertake. The defining axiom for our approach is that the health of the public is a social good we commit ourselves to pursue, thus assuming an obligation to contribute to its achievement. Epidemiologists cannot claim to be committed to public health as a social good and not accept the responsibility of ensuring that the knowledge gained in their roles as scientists is used to achieve that good. The social responsibilities of environmental health researchers are conspicuous in the environmental justice movement, for example, in community-based participatory research. Responsibility is an ethical concept particularly well suited to frame many key aspects of the ethics of our profession.