tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The influence of left ventricular late diastolic filling on the A wave of the left ventricular pressure trace.
Authors: J A Ambrose, L E Teichholz, J Meller, W Weintraub, A D Pichard, H Smith, E E Martinez, M V Herman
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To study the influence of left ventricular (LV) late diastolic filling on the A wave of the LV pressure, simultaneously recorded echocardiographic LV dimensions and high-fidelity LV pressure measurements were taken in 24 patients. Group 1 comprised eight patients without LV hypertrophy (LVH) and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) less than or equal to 13 mm Hg. Group 2 comprised 16 patients with LVH secondary to aortic stenosis, idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, or hypertension and increased LVEDP. Patients in group 2 had significantly thicker left ventricles, decreased mitral E-to-F slopes, and larger A waves in the LV pressure curve. On the basis of end-diastolic chamber stiffness, we divided group 2 into two populations: 12 patients (group 2A) with end-diastolic chamber stiffness similar to that in group 1, and four patients (group 2B) with markedly elevated end-diastolic chamber stiffness. Patients in group 2A had a larger atrial contribution to LV filling than those with markedly abnormal stiffness (group 2B). Therefore, in LVH an increased A wave in the LV pressure may be related to either elevated end-diastolic chamber stiffness or augmented left atrial volume transport.
Evaluation of allele frequencies in the PADI4 gene and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a Japanese population
Authors: M Suzuki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

A case–control linkage disequilibrium study in a Japanese population showed that the peptidyl arginine deiminase type 4 ( PADI4 ) is a susceptibility locus for rheumatoid arthritis (p<0.05).1 Ikari et al 2 also showed an association of the PADI4 haplotype with rheumatoid arthritis in an independent Japanese study, but the relationship between the level of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and the haplotype has not been shown. Barton et al 3,4 and Caponi et al 5 could not validate the association in the UK or Caucasian French populations. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relationship between levels of anti-CCP antibodies and PADI4 allele frequencies in a …
ABC Stenosis Morphology Classification and Outcome of Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Willibald Maier, Oliver Mini, Joerg Antoni, Manfred B. Wischnewsky, Bernhard Meier
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) stenosis morphology classification (MC) stratifies coronary lesions for probability of success and complications after coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Modern computing techniques were used to evaluate the individual predictive value of MC in random PTCA cases.MC was attributed to the target lesions by consensus of 2 observers. The predictive value regarding procedural success (PS) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) of MC was analyzed by conventional logistic regression analyses and by inductive machine learning models. The study was adequately powered for the methods applied with 325 target lesions of 250 cases. Overall, PS decreased and MACE increased from type A to type C lesions. Regression analysis identified no single factor as predictive. Logistic regression showed an error rate of 42%. Machine learning techniques achieved an individual predictive error of only 10%, which could be further reduced to 2% by addition of parameters. For PS, MC parameters showed a high ranking for building the model. For MACE, variables of the medical history showed more impact.MC per se cannot individually predict PS or MACE. However, when all MC parameters are integrated together with additional lesion-specific and history variables, a high individual predictive value can be achieved. This technique may be clinically helpful for risk stratification in the catheterization laboratory and improvement of classification systems in interventional cardiology.
"Methicillin-resistant" Staphylococcus aureus: reassessment by controlled trial in burns unit.
Authors: E J Lowbury, H A Lilly, A Kidson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A controlled trial of oral flucloxacillin (250 mg six-hourly for four days) was performed in 34 patients treated by the covered method whose burns had yielded a heavy or moderate growth of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin at 30 degrees C but moderately sensitive at 37 degrees C. Staph aureus was eliminated in nine of the 17 patients treated with flucloxacillin but in none of the 17 controls; the proportion of patients from whose burns sensitive Staph aureus was eliminated in an earlier trial of cloxacillin was greater than this. Strains of Staph aureus commonly described as methicillin-resistant and showing heterogeneous growth at 37 degrees C of many sensitive and very few resistant bacterial cells should, in the light of these findings, be called moderately sensitive to flucloxacillin. Such "heteroresistant" strains showed consistent moderate sensitivity in replicate diffusion sensitivity tests at 37 degrees C, but very inconsistent results in replicate dilution tests, especially with flucloxacillin. These studies showed that 18-hour diffusion sensitivity tests indicate the clinical value of treatment with flucloxacillin for staphylococcal infections of moderate severity more correctly at 37 degrees C than at 30 degrees C.
La Grippe or Rabies.
Authors: A. M. Ballard
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Asheville, N. C., March 26, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have noticed inThe Journalat different times, reports of rabies prevailing as an epidemic. It was reported as epidemic in Dawson during January, and as prevailing in Minnesota, at different points. During the past nine years I have had considerable clinical experience while watching the progress of a disease among the canines, which can be most easily mistaken for rabies. This affection prevailed here, and in other parts of the state, as an epidemic several times during the period above mentioned; besides, there have been many sporadic cases from time to time. I refer to la grippe in the dog. During one fall and winter I saw forty eases in our little city and suburbs. In a paper written for our local society, and published in the<i>Charlotte Medical Journal</i>(July, 1900), I attempted to give the results of
18F-FDG Uptake in Metaphyseal Growth Arrest Lines
Authors: Remy Lim, Jorge A. Carrasquillo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Growth arrest lines (also referred to as Harris lines) refer to dense metaphyseal trabecular lines, perpendicular to the long axis of the bone. The phenomenon is seen only in patients with immature skeletal structure after periods of nutritional insufficiency, illness, and prolonged immobilization or bisphosphonates administration during which bone growth is inhibited. With resumption of bone growth, a dense trabecular line becomes visible, typically at the metaphyses of rapidly growing long bone. We describe 18F-FDG uptake in the growth arrest lines of a 7-year-old boy treated for left distal tibial osteosarcoma.
High Efficacy of β-Blockers in Long-QT Syndrome Type 1
Authors: G. Michael Vincent, Peter J. Schwartz, Isabelle Denjoy, Heikki Swan, Candice Bithell, Carla Spazzolini, Lia Crotti, Kirsi Piippo, Jean-Marc Lupoglazoff, Elizabeth Villain, Silvia G. Priori, Carlo Napolitano, Li Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— β-Blocker efficacy in long-QT syndrome type 1 is good but variably reported, and the causes of cardiac events despite β-blocker therapy have not been ascertained. Methods and Results— This was a retrospective study of the details surrounding cardiac events in 216 genotyped long-QT syndrome type 1 patients treated with β-blocker and followed up for a median time of 10 years. Before β-blocker, cardiac events occurred in 157 patients (73%) at a median age of 9 years, with cardiac arrest (CA) in 26 (12%). QT-prolonging drugs were used by 17 patients; 9 of 17 (53%) had CA compared with 17 of 199 nonusers (8.5%; odds ratio, 12.0; 95% confidence interval, 4.1 to 35.3; P &lt;0.001). After β-blocker, 75% were asymptomatic, and cardiac events were significantly reduced ( P &lt;0.001), with a median event count (quartile 1 to 3) per person of 0 (0 to 1). Twelve patients (5.5%) suffered CA/sudden death, but 11 of 12 (92%) were noncompliant (n=8), were on a QT-prolonging drug (n=2), or both (n=1) at the time of the event. The risk for CA/sudden death in compliant patients not taking QT-prolonging drugs was dramatically less compared with noncompliant patients on QT-prolonging drugs (odds ratio, 0.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.003 to 0.22; P =0.001). None of the 26 patients with CA before β-blocker had CA/sudden death on β-blockers. Conclusions— β-Blockers are extremely effective in long-QT syndrome type 1 and should be administered at diagnosis and ideally before the preteen years. β-Blocker noncompliance and use of QT-prolonging drug are responsible for almost all life-threatening “β-blocker failures.” β-Blockers are appropriate therapy for asymptomatic patients and those who have never had a CA or β-blocker therapy. Routine implantation of cardiac defibrillators in such patients does not appear justified.
THE WORKING BULLETIN SYSTEM, NATIONAL PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, NATIONAL LABORATORY,AND A PROPOSED INVESTIGATION OF THE MATERIA MEDICA OF THE WORED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. Read in the Section of Materia Medica and Pharmacy, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: F. E. STEWART
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Materia medica is the name given to the collection of substances used in medicine; Pharmacy is the science of preparing medicine; Therapeutics is the science of applying medicine to the curing of disease. These branches, related and mutually dependent, are classified under the general head Pharmacology, or the science of drugs. "Science professes to teach what is already known or may be learned in the forms of exact observation, precise definition, fixed terminology, classified arrangement and rational explanation." This science, therefore, embraces in classified forms Materia Medica, or the substance employed in medicine; Pharmacy, or the preparation of medicine; and Therapeutics, or the application of medicine to the cure of disease. Art is the application of science to practical purposes. Physicians practice the art of therapeutics, or, in other words, put in practical application the knowledge of applying medicine. Pharmacists practice the art of pharmacy, or, in other words, put
Diagnosis of Crohn's Recurrence after Surgery
Authors: P. Clavadetscher, P. Deyhle
Journal: Endoscopy (1975)

Clinical, radiological and endoscopic methods are available for the diagnosis of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. The value of these methods for the early detection of recurrence was compared in 12 patients. 1 patient remained free of recurrence. Of a total of 11 recurrences which were detected by endoscopy, only 3 were detectable radiologically. 7 of the 11 showed clinical evidence of recurrences. Endoscopy is superior to radiology and clinical findings in the diagnosis of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. Coloscopy should therefore be conducted routinely during the postoperative control of patients who received surgery for Crohn's disease.
RU-486: Hoechst-Roussel (US), Hoechst AG, Roussel Uclaf SA, and Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc-Reply
Authors: William Regelson
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> I and my coauthors have apologized to Hoechst-Roussel (US) for seeming to have held them responsible for the medical embargo on RU-486. The problem is the responsibility of Roussel Uclaf (FR) and the parent company, Hoechst AG (GER), which has the majority of the voting stock in Roussel Uclaf. In regard to Dr Stone's letter, I personally am against physician boycotts and counterboycotts, as Hoechst-Roussel (US) has products that are clinically useful. However, as part of the Hoechst organization, it would be logical for them to take on the responsibility of making RU-486 available for medical use in this country, but, unfortunately, they claim that their clinical focus is in other areas. In view of this, I would hope that the controlling company, Hoechst AG, would permit Roussel Uclaf to go ahead with clinical studies in the United States, or take the opportunity of turning their rights
Improving pharmacovigilance in Europe
Authors: N. Moore, B. Begaud
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Organisations including the United Kingdom Armed Forces should seek to implement mental health interventions to increase the psychological well-being of their workforce. This editorial briefly presents ten key principles that military forces should consider before implementing such interventions. These include job-focused training; evaluating interventions; the use of internal versus external training providers; the role of leaders; unit cohesion, single versus multiple session psychological interventions; not overgeneralising the applicability of interventions; the need for repeated skills practice; raising awareness and the fallibility of screening.
Fatal case of gas gangrene associated with intramuscular injections.
Authors: P. W. Harvey, G. V. Purnell
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Bell, E. J., and Grist, N. R. (1967). Brit. med. 7., 4, 741. Busby, D. W. G., House, W., and MacDonald, J. R. (1964). Virological Technique. London. Davis, D. C., and Melnick, J. L. (1958). 7. Lab. clin. Med., 51, 97. Eichenwald, H. F., Abatio, A., Arky, A. M., and Hartmnan, A. P. (1958). 7. Amer. med. Ass., 166, 1563. Hart, E. W., Brunton, G. B., Taylor, C. E. D., Maurice-Williams, F. B., and Coetzee, E F C. (1962). Lancet, 2, 402. Karzon, D. T., Eckert, G. L., Barron A. L, Hayner, N. S., and Winkelstein. W. (1961). Amer. 7. Dts. chld., 101, 610. Karzon, D. T., Hayner, N. S., Winkelstein, W., and Barron, A. L. (1962). Paediatrics, 29, 418. Kibrick, S. (1964). Progress in Medical Vrrology, edited by J. L. Melnick, vol. 6. Basle and New York. Landsman, J. B., and Bell, E. J. (1962). Brit. med. 7., 1, 12. Lee, L. H., Phillips, C. A., South, M. A., Melnick, J. L., and Yow, M. D (1965). Bull. Wid Hith Org., 32, 657. Lenette, E. H., and Schmidt, N. J. (1964). Diagnostic Procedures for Viral and Rickeusial Diseases, 3rd ed. New York. Lepine, P., Samaille, J., Maurin, J., Dubois, 0., and Carre, M. C. (1960). Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 99, 161. Melnick, J. L. (1965). In Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Man, edited by F. L. Horsfall and I. Tamm, 4th ed., p. 536. London. Ramos-Alvarez, M., and Sabin, A. B. (1958). 7. Amer. med. Ass., 167. 147. Sabin, A. B., Krumbiegel, E. R., and Wigand, R. (1958). Amer. 7. Dis. Child., 96, 197. Selwyn, S., and Howitt, L. F. (1962). Lancer, 2, 548. Sommerville, R. G. (1958). Lancet, 2, 1347.
Active immunotherapy in treatment of acute leukaemia
Authors: R. J. Guyer, D. Crowther
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Active non-specific immunotherapy has been used to prolong remissions in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The series reported here used Bordetella pertussis vaccine in a controlle trial after intensive chemotherapy. Possibly immunotherapy delayed the onset of relapse in the treated patients, but no long-term remissions were obtained. Further work is needed to establish the role of immunotherapy in general, and the use of B. pertussis vaccine in particular, in the treatment of acute leukaemia.
Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Preeclampsia
Authors: Heiner C. Bucher
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To review the effect of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on blood pressure, preeclampsia, and adverse outcomes of pregnancy. <h3>Data Source.</h3> —We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for 1966 to May 1994. We contacted authors of eligible trials to ensure accuracy and completeness of data and to identify unpublished trials. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Fourteen randomized trials involving 2459 women were eligible. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Reviewers working independently in pairs abstracted data and assessed validity according to six quality criteria. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Each trial yielded differences in blood pressure change between calcium supplementation and control groups that we weighted by the inverse of the variance. The pooled analysis showed a reduction in systolic blood pressure of —5.40 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], —7.81 to —3.00 mm Hg;<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and in diastolic blood pressure of —3.44 mm Hg (95% CI, —5.20 to —1.68 mm Hg;<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The odds ratio for preeclampsia in women with calcium supplementation compared with placebo was 0.38 (95% CI, 0.22 to 0.65). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Calcium supplementation during pregnancy leads to an important reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and preeclampsia. While pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia should consider taking calcium, many more patient events are needed to confirm calcium's impact on maternal and fetal morbidity. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1113-1117)
THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF TRYPARSAMID IN NEUROSYPHILIS
Authors: W. F. LORENZ
Journal: JAMA (1923)

In the latter part of 1919, we entered on a study of the treatment of syphilis of the central nervous system with a view to the development and use of new drugs. At the suggestion of Dr. Wade H. Brown, we began our study with tryparsamid, the sodium salt of<i>N</i>-Phenyl-glycineamid-<i>p</i>-arsonic acid, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(NHCH<sub>2</sub>CONH<sub>2</sub>) · (AsO · OH·ONa), which was first made by Jacobs and Heidelberger<sup>1</sup>in 1915. The biologic action of this substance has been studied experimentally by Brown and Pearce<sup>2</sup>in normal animals and in animals infected with trypanosomes and with the spirochetes of relapsing fever and of syphilis. Tryparsamid had also been used in a comparatively small group of patients for the treatment of syphilis other than that of the central nervous system, first by Louise Pearce and later by Keidel and Moore; and at the
Comparison of accessory performance using a novel ERCP mechanical simulator
Authors: J. Leung, W. Lee, R. Wilson, B. Lim, F. Leung
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

There is a paucity of in vitro methods for evaluating ERCP accessories. We hypothesize that the time taken to perform a simulated single stent or multiple stents placement is different for stenting systems with or without the capability of intraductal ductal release (IDR) of the guide wire.We conducted an un-blinded in vitro comparison of ERCP accessories using a mechanical simulator during hands-on ERCP practice workshops. A total of 21 U.S. participants and 20 Chinese participants with various level of ERCP experience took part in the different practice workshops. Accessories with and without the capability of intraductal release of guide wire were compared. Total time required for completing a simulated stenting procedure with single or multiple stents and the respective simulated fluoroscopy time were recorded.There was no significant difference in the time taken for placement of a single stent using either stenting systems. Stenting system capable of intraductal release of the guide wire required significantly shorter time to complete placement of three stents.Using time required to complete a specific task, i. e. biliary stenting, the mechanical simulator permits the performance of different accessories by the same group of operators to be evaluated objectively.
Neutrophil secretion products pave the way for inflammatory monocytes
Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Alma Zernecke, Einar E. Eriksson, Antonio Gigliotti Rothfuchs, Christine T. Pham, Heiko Herwald, Kiril Bidzhekov, Martin E. Rottenberg, Christian Weber, Lennart Lindbom
Journal: Blood (2008)
Inactivation of the Wip1 phosphatase inhibits mammary tumorigenesis through p38 MAPK–mediated activation of the p16Ink4a-p19Arf pathway
Authors: Dmitry V Bulavin, Crissy Phillips, Bonnie Nannenga, Oleg Timofeev, Larry A Donehower, Carl W Anderson, Ettore Appella, Albert J Fornace
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
OCCUPATIONAL PRESSURE NEURITIS OF THE DEEP PALMAR BRANCH OF THE ULNAR NERVE
Authors: W. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TIiF BRIT1is1 r~~~~~~~~~~~MEDIICAL JOORNAL uniformly distended and tympanitic, prohibitinig palpation of its contents.There were now no signs of myelitis.Thirty-six hours after admission he had an attack of agoniizing pain shooting down the left leg, the abdominal distensioln increased, and vomiting and collapse occurred.From that time unltil deatlh the pain recurred at intervals, necessitating the frequenlt use-of mor-phine, and the radial pulses becamo very thin and rapid, being
The effect of stenosis of bypass grafts on coronary blood flow. A mechanical model study.
Authors: P R Cipriano, A H Sacks, B A Reitz
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A mechanical model of a branched coronary artery with a graft bypassing an 80% stenosis of one branch was used to study the reduction in coronary flow due to stenosis of the bypass graft. Flow Reynolds number and ratio of aortic pressure to dynamic pressure were matched to the living system. Changes in coronary flow were measured for a range of stenoses (0-100%) of bypass grafts with graft-to-coronary-diameter ratios of 4:1, 3:1, 2:1 and 1:1 for conditions that simulated rest and exercise. The results of these studies indicate that: 1) marked stenosis of bypass grafts is needed to decrease coronary flow in the resting state, and even moderate stenosis will decrease flow during exercise when the diameter of the bypass is large relative to the coronary artery; 2) coronary flow is decreased with mild stenosis for bypass grafts of the same diameter as the coronary artery; and 3) a marked decrease in flow due to stenosis of a bypass graft occurs only when the diameter of a stenosis in a graft is less than the diameter of the coronary artery.
Computer Handling of Ambulatory Clinic Records
Authors: Richard O'Toole
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Computers are becoming increasingly common in hospitals; hence many groups of physicians will have the facilities to develop computer-assisted medical-record-keeping systems. In 1963, an automated record-keeping system was introduced into the Diabetes Clinic of University Hospitals of Cleveland. The quality, consistency, and legibility of the patients' records were improved by using a computer. The computer was programmed to produce printed records in a form familiar to the physician: the history and results of physical examination were presented in narrative style and the laboratory data, in a tabular display. The computer-printed record is a complete replacement for the formerly used handwritten chart. When new data on a patient enter the system, a new report, superseding previous reports, is generated automatically. Physicians enter data into the system by completing special forms which are a combination of checklists and free narrative description. In addition to its obvious benefits for clinical research, the storing