tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of salt restriction on renal growth and glomerular injury in rats with remnant kidneys
Authors: Douglas S. Lax, Judith A. Benstein, Evelyn Tolbert, Lance D. Dworkin
Journal: Kidney International (1992)

Effects of salt restriction on renal growth and glomerular injury in rats with remnant kidneys.Male Munich-Wistar rats underwent right nephrectomy and infarction of two thirds of the left kidney.Rats were randomly assigned to ingest standard chow (REM) or a moderately salt restricted chow (LS).A third group of rats were fed the low salt diet and were injected with an androgen (LSA).Eight weeks after ablation, glomerular volume and glomerular capillary radius were markedly increased in REM.This increase was prevented by the low salt diet, however, the antihypertrophic effect of the diet was overcome by androgen.Values for glomerular volume and capillary radius were similar in LSA and REM.Morphologic studies revealed that approximately 25% of glomeruli were abnormal in REM.Much less injury was observed in salt restricted rats, however, the protective effect of the low salt diet was significantly abrogated when renal growth was stimulated in salt restricted rats by androgen.Micropuncture studies revealed that glomerular pressure was elevated in all three groups and not affected by diet or androgen.Serum cholesterol was also similar in the three groups.These findings indicate that renal and glomerular hypertrophy are correlated with the development of glornerular injury after reduction in renal mass and suggest that dietary salt restriction lessens renal damage, at least in part, by inhibiting compensatory renal growth.
Abstract P5-14-06: Outcomes in 500 patients from a large, retrospective study of APBI with a strut-based breast brachytherapy applicator
Authors: C Yashar, E Butler, JP Einck, SE Finkelstein, YJ Graves, B Han, RL Hong, LT Komarnicky, M Lyden, SB Mahalingam, CA Mantz, N Nasr, SS Nigh, J Pollock, JE Reiff, D Scanderbeg, MR Snyder, JF Strasser, RR Kuske
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose/Objectives: The SAVI Collaborative Research Group (SCRG) is a coalition of 14 institutions who have retrospectively compiled a large database of APBI patients treated with a strut-based brachytherapy device (SAVI). This report details the findings of statistical correlations between numerous dosimetric variables and cosmetic outcome. Materials/Methods: The SCRG study enrolled 1005 patients. A subset of patients with complete dosimetry and more than 1 year of follow-up by a radiation oncologist were analyzed for toxicity, cosmesis and recurrence/survival. Dosimetric parameters were tabulated for patients, including: V90, V95, V100, V150, V200, skin spacing (skin-bridge), maximum skin dose, tumor size, PTV-Eval volume and applicator size (model). Toxicity (e.g., telangiectasia, fibrosis, fat necrosis, seroma) were graded by physicians for patients with at least 1 year of follow-up (up to 6 years) using the CTCAE v3 Scale and fat necrosis using a simplified CTCAE scale (Grade 1 asymptomatic but seen on imaging, grade 2 symptomatic without intervention, &amp; grade 3 required intervention). Results: Median follow up in this cohort was 29.2 months (range 2.4 to 72.2 months). Follow up was &amp;gt;2 yr and &amp;gt;3 yr for 323 and 191 subjects, respectively. Overall, in 500 subjects the late toxicity (grade ≥2) rates were less than 5% during follow up: telangiectasia 1.0%, fibrosis 4.1%, seroma 2.9% and fat necrosis 0.6%. Cosmesis was reported at various post-APBI follow-up visits following treatment completion (6, 12, 24, 36, 48 &amp; 60+ months). For the 6 and 12 month intervals, 98% (n = 122) and 97% (n = 262) were reported excellent or good (E/G), respectively. At 24, 36, 48 and 60 month intervals, the E/G rates were 93% (n = 184), 90% (n = 98), 100% (n = 41) and 94% (n = 15), respectively. The raw rates of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) and TR/MM were 1.6% (n = 8) and 1.2% (n = 6), respectively, in 500 patients with &amp;gt;1 year of follow up. The 1- and 2-year actuarial rates of overall survival and disease-free survival were: 1-year, 99.6% &amp; 99.4%, resp. and 2-year, 99.2% &amp; 96.7%. Conclusions: APBI treatment with the strut-based applicators was well-tolerated, demonstrated low toxicity rates, favorable cosmetic outcomes and excellent local control over the follow-up to date. Patients with challenging breast anatomy were successfully treated with strut-based devices. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-14-06.
Ventricular Fibrillation Studied by the Microelectrode Method
Authors: TOYOMI SANO, HIROMICHI TSUCHIHASHI, TAKIO SHIMAMOTO
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

Capillary ultramicroelectrodes were inserted into ventricular muscle fibers of dogs in ventricular fibrillation and action potentials obtained were compared with deflections of unipolar direct lead, adjoining bipolar direct lead or other electrocardiograms taken simultaneously. In most stages of ventricular fibrillation neither synehronism nor any other regular time relationship could he found between them. Microelectrodes inserted at two points variously distant on various regions of the ventricular surface also failed to show any regular time relationship. Total incoordination of ventricular muscle fibers was thus supported.
Characterization of Hyperintense Plaque With Noncontrast T1-Weighted Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Coronary Plaque Imaging
Authors: Tomohiro Kawasaki, Shoichi Koga, Nobuhiko Koga, Teruo Noguchi, Hidenori Tanaka, Hisashi Koga, Takeshi Serikawa, Yoshiya Orita, Shinsuke Ikeda, Takahiro Mito, Yoshitaka Goto, Yoshiaki Shintani, Atsushi Tanaka, Takaya Fukuyama
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Hazards of long distance cycling.
Authors: K. M. Desai, J. C. Gingell
Journal: BMJ (1989)

\ The mean deficits in PEF in men and women smoking fewer than 20 cigarettes a day were 48 1 and 47-4 b/min, respectively.In men smoking 20 or more a day the mean deficit was 73-3 1/min.A smaller but still significant deficit (27-8 1/min) was found in male ex- smokers of 20 or more cigarettes a day, whereas in the male and female ex-smokers of fewer than 20 cigarettes a day no significant reduction of PEF was present.Even in the group of 60 men who were currently smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day only five had observed values that were more than 150 1/min below predicted.
Abstract P195: Lack of Association between Sleep Duration and ECG Arrhythmia Risk Measures: Chicago Area Sleep Study
Authors: Jason Ng, Phyllis C Zee, Jeffrey J Goldberger, Kristen L Knutson, Kiang Liu, Kwang-Youn A Kim, Peter J de Chavez, Mercedes R Carnethon
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction Sleep duration is significantly associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in adults at low risk for obstructive sleep apnea. Although it is known that apnea increases the risk for sudden cardiac death, it is not known whether adults with short sleep duration independent of apnea have a higher risk for cardiac arrhythmias Hypothesis We tested the hypothesis that sleep duration in adults at low risk for obstructive sleep apnea would be associated with ECG measures that are known risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias. Methods The Chicago Area Sleep Study recruited 610 participants via commercially available telephone listings. Participants were screened using in-home apnea detection equipment (ApneaLinkTM) for one night to exclude subjects with apnea/hypopnea index ≥ 15. Participants wore wrist actigraphs for 7 days to objectively determine sleep duration. A 10-minute 12-lead ECG was recorded for each subject. Standard measures of heart rate, PR interval, and QTc interval were obtained along with markers of ventricular repolarization, Tpeak to Tend interval (Tpe) and spatial QRS-T angle. Signal-averaged ECG analysis was performed to measure filtered QRS duration (fQRSd), RMS voltage of terminal 40 ms (RMS), and duration of terminal QRS signals &lt;40μV (LAS). Participants with atrial fibrillation, &gt;20% ectopic beats and those using antihypertensive and sleep medications were excluded from analysis. The effect of sleep duration on the ECG parameters was estimated using a multiple linear regression model adjusting for demographics (sex, age, and race) and cardiovascular risk factors (BMI, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes). Results ECGs from a total of 504 participants (200 male, 48±8 years old) were analyzed. Mean sleep duration was 7±1 hrs, heart rate was 64±9 bpm, PR interval was 165±18 ms, and QTc interval was 424±23 ms. Mean Tpe interval was 83±14 ms and spatial QRS-T angle was 29±26 deg. The signal-averaged ECG measures of fQRSd, RMS, and LAS had mean values of 78±12 ms, 58±34 μV, and 24±9 ms, respectively. In an unadjusted model, there was a borderline association between sleep duration and QTc (β=0.004 ms/hr, SE=0.0023, p=0.08). However, that association was no longer significant following adjustment with demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. No other ECG measures were associated with sleep duration. Conclusions In a population at low risk of obstructive sleep apnea, ECG-based measures of cardiovascular risks were not associated with sleep duration. Previously reported associations between short sleep and cardiovascular events may not be arrhythmic in origin.
Medical Students and Depression—Reply
Authors: Thomas L. Schwenk
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INCREASED INCIDENCE OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME FOLLOWING HURRICANE KATRINA IN NEW ORLEANS: THE IMPACT CONTINUES
Authors: John Moscona, Sumit Tiwari, Kevin DeAndrade, Henry Quevedo, Matthew Peters, Kartik Munshi, Srivastav Sudesh, Patrice Delafontaine, Anand Irimpen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Understanding the Mental Health Effects of Indirect Exposure to Mass Trauma Through the Media
Authors: Yuval Neria, Gregory M. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview
Authors: GJ Gibson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Pulmonary hyperinflation is usually defined as an abnormal increase in functional residual capacity, i.e. lung volume at the end of tidal expiration. As such, it is virtually universal in patients with symptomatic diffuse airway obstruction. Hyperinflation inferred from a standard chest radiograph implies an increase in total lung capacity. The relaxation volume of the respiratory system (Vr) increases in patients with chronic airway disease as a result of changes in the elastic properties of the lungs and chest wall. In addition, a variable degree of dynamic hyperinflation may be present. This results from the onset of inspiration before lung volume has fallen to Vr. Dynamic hyperinflation is frequently present at rest in patients with moderate-to-severe airway obstruction, and it increases further on exercise, thereby increasing the mechanical load on the inspiratory muscles and at the same time reducing their mechanical advantage. Important clinical consequences and associations of hyperinflation include: distortions of chest wall motion; impaired inspiratory muscle function; increased oxygen cost of breathing; greater likelihood of hypercapnia; impaired exercise performance; and greater severity of breathlessness. The symptomatic improvement after treatment with a bronchodilator may be due, in part, to lessening of hyperinflation.
Genetic analysis of the mouse brain proteome
Authors: Joachim Klose, Christina Nock, Marion Herrmann, Kai Stühler, Katrin Marcus, Martin Blüggel, Eberhard Krause, Leonard C. Schalkwyk, Sohaila Rastan, Steve D.M. Brown, Konrad Büssow, Heinz Himmelbauer, Hans Lehrach
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Clinical Trials of Orphan Drugs for Cancer—Reply
Authors: Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER
Authors: CLAY RAY MURRAY
Journal: JAMA (1931)

It is my purpose in this paper to call attention to the common faults in the care of the ordinary type of dislocation of the shoulder as observed in a fracture clinic, and the results as reflected in prolonged convalescence and even permanent disability. Dislocation of the shoulder is a fairly frequent accident and too often is accorded attention only as a trivial affair. In these days of economic evaluation of injury, the care of these cases must be carried out with the idea of securing as complete a return to normal as possible in as short a time as possible, with strict guard against the possibility of late complications. The tendency to regard the lesion as a displacement of the head of the humerus from the glenoid, and therefore the treatment as essentially the replacement of the displaced head, militates against the proper care of the case. The proper
Eczema Vaccinatum
Authors: A. Daniel Rubenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

UNTOWARD reactions following vaccination are rare. The clinical entity known as eczema vaccinatum, a type of generalized vaccinia, is one such complication. According to estimates, generalized vaccinia occurs in the ratio of 1 case to 20,000 or 40,000 vaccinations.1 Because of its rarity, the diagnosis may not be readily apparent. Occasionally, the admission of a patient with unrecognized eczema vaccinatum to the skin ward of a hospital results in an outbreak among those exposed.2 Generalized vaccinia is the term applied to the generalized eruption of typical vaccinial lesions that occur after vaccination. It varies in degree from a mild illness . . .
Usefulness of the HAQ in the clinic
Authors: F WOLFE
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Greenwood et al have questioned the usefulness of the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) in the clinic.1 Using Bland and Altman's limits of agreement procedure,2 they report that an HAQ score change of at least 0.48 units is required to confidently reflect significant change. We have used the HAQ in the care of our patients for many years and think that their conclusions about the extent of change required and the non-usefulness of the HAQ in clinical care is not correct.

We have replicated the authors' study in paired visits of 443 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed up in the clinic by of one of us (FW), and in a survey databank of 2720 patients. Our data are in general agreement with the authors' data.

Using the limits of agreement procedure, we found that the 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the HAQ were approximately 0.9 for clinic data and 0.6 for survey data. But we also found the following. To exceed 95% CI, changes in excess of 40 mm/1st h for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 70 mm Hg for grip strength, 10 joints for a joint count, and four units on 0–10 VAS scales …
Economic Return From the Women's Health Initiative Estrogen Plus Progestin Clinical Trial
Authors: Joshua A. Roth, Ruth Etzioni, Teresa M. Waters, Mary Pettinger, Jacques E. Rossouw, Garnet L. Anderson, Rowan T. Chlebowski, JoAnn E. Manson, Mark Hlatky, Karen C. Johnson, Scott D. Ramsey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

The findings of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) estrogen plus progestin (E+P) trial led to a substantial reduction in use of combined hormone therapy (cHT) among postmenopausal women in the United States. The economic effect of this shift has not been evaluated relative to the trial's $260 million cost (2012 U.S. dollars).
The effectiveness of two smoking cessation programmes for use in general practice: a randomised clinical trial.
Authors: K Slama, S Redman, J Perkins, A L Reid, R W Sanson-Fisher
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate a structured, behavioural change, smoking cessation intervention designed for use within general practice. DESIGN--Randomised controlled clinical trial. SETTING--General practices in Newcastle, Australia. PATIENTS--311 Patients identified as smokers by a screening question were enrolled in the study. Of these, 101 were assigned to a structured behavioural change programme, 104 to a simple advice programme adapted from previous research, and 106 to a control group. No significant differences were found between groups for demographic and smoking related variables before the study. INTERVENTIONS--Patients in the simple advice group received a brief statement of advice from the general practitioner as well as three pamphlets; those in the structured intervention group were given strategies which included attitude and behavioural change programmes as well as techniques to aid compliance. The amount of smoking in all groups was assessed by self reports with validation by measurement of salivary cotinine concentrations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Significant increase in cessation rates. CONCLUSIONS--Significant differences between controls and the structured behavioural change group were found at the one month follow up, but only for self reported abstinence. The simple advice programme did not produce any significant differences over the control group. General practitioner evaluation of the structured programme highlighted difficulties in relation to the duration of the intervention. Overall the structured programme in its present form did not appear to be an effective programme for use within general practice.
Better Living Through Brain Chemistry?-Reply
Authors: Henry N. Wagner
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Many thanks to Drs Rees and Plaut for starting what I hope will be a continuing dialogue about peace through mind/brain science. The Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology, referred to in my article, is trying to break down barriers between basic neuroscientists, psychiatrists, psychologists, engineers, and other persons concerned about undesirable emotional behavior. However, to my knowledge, studies of the effects of meditation on brain chemistry have not been explored by positron emission tomography, and I have no information about field effects on brain chemistry. Opto-science is the new science of photonics, the use of light, including lasers. Recent advances make possible a whole new approach to the science of human behavior. Photonics, including positron emission tomography and laser spectroscopy, can help us learn more about how the brain works. Such knowledge may help us stop killing each other. The foundation crosses national boundaries and tries to
Adherence and Antiretroviral Therapy in Injection Drug Users
Authors: Renslow Sherer
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal