tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Difference in cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma between liver and periphery natural killer cells in humans
Authors: Kohei Ishiyama, Hideki Ohdan, Masahiro Ohira, Hiroshi Mitsuta, Koji Arihiro, Toshimasa Asahara
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

In rodents, liver natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to mediate higher cytotoxic activity against tumor cells than do peripheral blood (PB) NK cells. However, such differences between liver and PB NK cells have not been extensively investigated in humans. The phenotypical and functional properties of NK cells extracted from liver perfusates at the time of living donor liver transplantation were investigated. The tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a critical molecule for NK cell–mediated anti-tumor cell killing, was not expressed by freshly isolated PB NK cells or by liver NK cells. Stimulation with interleukin (IL)-2, significantly up-regulated the expression of TRAIL on liver NK cells, but this effect was barely observed on PB NK cells. Donor liver NK cells showed the most vigorous cytotoxicity against HepG2, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, after IL-2 stimulation (90.5% ± 2.2% at E: T = 10:1), compared with donor and recipient PB NK cells and recipient liver NK cells (64.8% ± 8.2%, 56.1% ± 8.9%, and 34.6% ± 7.5%, respectively). IL-2 stimulation resulted in an increased expression of killing inhibitory receptors on liver NK cells in parallel with TRAIL expression. Consistently, the cytotoxicities of IL-2–stimulated donor liver NK cells against self and recipient lymphoblasts were negligible. In conclusion, adoptive transfer of IL-2–stimulated NK cells extracted from donor liver graft perfusate could mount an anti-tumor response without causing toxicity against 1-haplotype identical recipient intact tissues. These findings present a concept to prevent recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation. (Hepatology 2006;43:362–372.)
Manual promotes self-care for chemotherapy's effects
Authors: Barbara Bolsen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Would patients with cancer be better able to cope with the side effects of chemotherapy if they knew more about their drugs, the side effects they cause, and techniques for managing them at home? Marilyn Dodd, RN, PhD, professor of nursing, University of California, San Francisco, thinks so, and says that a pair of studies she conducted in Detroit and San Francisco have confirmed her beliefs. While a doctoral candidate at Wayne State University, Detroit, Dodd worked privately as a nurse practitioner with cancer patients who had been discharged from hospitals and were receiving chemotherapy. "They were being sent home with no idea of 'What can I do for myself when I get sick?'" she said. To investigate the situation further, Dodd wrote to the nation's 19 comprehensive cancer centers, seeking patient information. She received in return "random sheets of little notes containing information that was badly dated, global, and
Cooperative Epigenetic Modulation by Cancer Amplicon Genes
Authors: Lixin Rui, N.C. Tolga Emre, Michael J. Kruhlak, Hye-Jung Chung, Christian Steidl, Graham Slack, George W. Wright, Georg Lenz, Vu N. Ngo, Arthur L. Shaffer, Weihong Xu, Hong Zhao, Yandan Yang, Laurence Lamy, R. Eric Davis, Wenming Xiao, John Powell, David Maloney, Craig J. Thomas, Peter Möller, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Hans Konrad Muller-Hermelink, Kerry Savage, Joseph M. Connors, Lisa M. Rimsza, Elias Campo, Elaine S. Jaffe, Jan Delabie, Erlend B. Smeland, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Wing C. Chan, Randy D. Gascoyne, David Levens, Louis M. Staudt
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Präcancerosen und Primäre Kresbe der Haut
Authors: Frederick Urbach
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This volume, published and printed in Hungary, attempts encyclopaedic treatment of the field of precancerous and primary skin malignancy in the "Handbuch" style. The author is Professor of Dermatology at the University of Pecs and has long been interested in the general field of cutaneous cancer. The text is narrative in style and covers in separate chapters the vast majority of cutaneous tumors and the disease states in which malignant transformation has been reported. Its greatest usefulness is in the exhaustive literature review, which unfortunately does not include the more recent English and American papers. Some useful diagnostic techniques such as exfoliative cytology are treated casually. The section on therapy lacks specific recommendation as to type, intensity, and indications for radiotherapy and electrosurgery and is, in general, quite superficial. The printing and quality of the large number of illustrations is, unfortunately, quite poor, and some of the halftones are very
Thrombocytopathy and type 2B von Willebrand disease
Authors: Jerry Ware
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The knowledge gained from "experiments of nature" has always been paramount in identifying key players in pathophysiologic pathways. This is well characterized by naturally occurring bleeding and thrombotic disorders. In most cases, it is the absence of a particular protein that leads to recognition of its importance for normal physiology. On the other hand, gain-of-function mutations highlight not only the presence of the protein, but also how it regulates a particular physiologic response. In this issue of the JCI, Casari and colleagues define a previously unrecognized consequence of variant type 2B von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding to blood platelets. More than 30 years after an initial description of type 2B variant vWF, the consequence of this spontaneous variant vWF binding to platelets is viewed as a dysregulation of platelet signaling pathways contributing to the type 2B bleeding phenotype.
Microarray analysis of mucosal biopsy specimens in neonates with rectal bleeding: Is it really an allergic disease?
Authors: Yoshikazu Ohtsuka, Keisuke Jimbo, Eisuke Inage, Mari Mori, Yoko Yamakawa, Yo Aoyagi, Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Takahiro Kudo, Ryuyo Suzuki, Toshiaki Shimizu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, vol 2: Stomach and Duodenum, Incisions, Sutures; vol 3: Colon, Anorectal Tract
Authors: Louis Malow
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is the second edition of<i>Surgery of the Alimentary Tract</i>, volume 2,<i>The Stomach and Duodenum</i>, and volume 3,<i>Colon and Anorectal Tract</i>. It is extremely interesting to compare the contents of these books with the authors' previous volumes published in 1955. The progress during these years in physiology, diagnostic procedures, surgical equipment, surgical techniques, antibiotics, and preoperative and postoperative care has been almost monumental. Appreciating that some time elapses between writing and publishing a book, it was surprising to find such complete discussions and descriptions in volume 2 of the latest diagnoses as well as equipment for gastric intubation, gastroscopy, peritoneoscopy, and laparoscopy. Complete descriptions of the gastrointestinal tubes and their uses are given in detail. Diagrams as well as photographs of endoscopic instruments and findings are remarkably clear and descriptive. All of this can also be said of the section on the duodenum. Volume 3,<i>Colon and</i>
Nippostronglylus brasiliensis infection in the rat: effect of iron and protein deficiency and dexamethasone on the efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics.
Authors: V M Duncombe, T D Bolin, A E Davis, J D Kelly
Journal: Gut (1977)

Malnutrition, anaemia, and gut parasites are commonly interrelated. Using the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-rat model, the effect of iron and protein deficiency on the efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics was studied. It was demonstrated that the anthelmintics mebendazole and fenbendazole were significantly less effective in eradicating parasites when animals were deficient in iron and protein. This decreased efficacy of anthelmintics in iron and protein deficiency could not be overcome by intraperitoneal administration of the drug. Since nutritional deficiencies may act via impairment of the immune response, anthelmintic efficacy was determined in adequately nourished rats treated with the immunosuppressive drug dexamethasone. A similar decrease in efficacy of mebendazole was shown when these animals were treated with dexamethasone. Thus it is possible that lowered anthelmintic efficacy in iron and protein deficient animals is mediated by immune deficiency. These findings may be relevant to anthelmintic programmes in malnourished communities.
General-practitioner Ward in a District General Hospital
Authors: J. H. Barber, D. J. G. Bain, W. J. Bassett, A. J. Haines
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A general-practitioner ward, made available at the local hospital, was used by 34 of 64 local practitioners offered contracts by the regional board. Four of the five doctors in our practice took up contracts, and we were responsible for 119 admissions (100 patients) in one year. Had the general-practitioner ward not been available 73 hospital admissions would have been needed; in 27 cases care at home would have been the alternative, while the remaining 19 patients could have been seen as outpatients. Only seven consultant opinions were sought during the year.
Co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs with vitamin E TPGS by porous PLGA nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy against multi-drug resistance
Authors: Huijun Zhu, Hongbo Chen, Xiaowei Zeng, Zhongyuan Wang, Xudong Zhang, Yanping Wu, Yongfeng Gao, Jinxie Zhang, Kewei Liu, Ranyi Liu, Lintao Cai, Lin Mei, Si-Shen Feng
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Looking the Gift Horse in the Mouth
Authors: John H. Knowles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

The foundation world has been characterized as a feather-bedded freemasonry. Dwight MacDonald described the Ford Foundation as "a large body of money surrounded by people who want some." There are 26,000 foundations in the United States, and their purposes are as multiple as the colors in the pied coat of the piper, ranging from the care of stray cats to something as grandiloquently amorphous as the Rockefeller Foundation's charge to "promote the well-being of mankind throughout the world." Right-wingers and left-wingers, radicals and conservatives — everyone has something to say in praise or blame of the foundations, and the level . . .
Bio-assay of corticosteroids for topical application
Authors: R.I.C. SPEARMAN, A. JARRETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Five commercially available corticosteroid creams were compared with respect to their thinning action on mouse tail epidermis. The greatest effects were produced by Synalar and Sintisone; hydrocortisone had the least action. In addition it was shown that the epidermal thickening induced by vitamin A could be significantly reduced by Ledercort cream. The thinning action of the fluorinated steroids on the epidermis is an important property of these agents when used for the treatment of dermatoses having a hyperactive epidermis. The mouse tail test is considered to be a useful screening test for new topical applications of these substances.
Secretion of intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid after 12 weeks' treatment with cimetidine.
Authors: O Epstein, J Judelman, G Bevan, S Ardeman
Journal: Gut (1978)

A sample of 16 patients had pentagastrin stimulation studies performed before starting a 12 week course of cimetidine, and again 12 hours after completing the course. Basal and pentagastrin stimulated intrinsic factor secretion was assayed in 13 patients. There was no significant difference in the pattern of secretion after 12 weeks9 treatment with cimetidine. The basal and peak acid outputs of all 16 patients were measured. No significant difference was found in the pattern of acid secretion after treatment. It appears that parietal cell secretory function is restored to normal within 12 hours of discontinuing a prolonged course of cimetidine.
Book: Bacchic Medicine: Wine and Alcohol Therapies from Napoleon to the French Paradox
Authors: A. Paton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Harry W Paul Editions Rodopi BV, €30/$28/£28.70, pp 341 ISSN 0045-7183 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> ISBN 90 420 1111 4 Wine, said Louis Pasteur, is the most healthful and the most hygienic of all beverages. Since antiquity, wine was believed to stimulate the appetite, aid digestion, and act as a general energiser in debility, and was prescribed for practically every complaint. In Bacchic Medicine Harry W Paul, professor of history at the university of Florida, charts in scholarly, though somewhat confusing and repetitive detail, the rise and fall of the French love affair with vinothérapie . This affair began in … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Modulation of intestinal tight junctions by Zonula occludens toxin permits enteral administration of insulin and other macromolecules in an animal model.
Authors: A Fasano, S Uzzau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The intestinal epithelium represents the major barrier to absorption of orally administered drugs and peptides into the systemic circulation. Entry of molecules through the paracellular pathway is restricted by tight junctions. We have previously reported that these structures can be modulated by Zonula occludens toxin (Zot). In the present report, we show that Zot reversibly increases rabbit intestinal permeability to insulin by 72% (P = 0.034) and immunoglobulins by 52% (P = 0.04) in vitro. When tested in vivo, Zot induced a 10-fold increase of insulin absorption in both the rabbit jejunum and ileum, whereas no substantial changes were detected in the colon. Similar results were obtained with immunoglobulins, whereby Zot induced twofold and sixfold increases of IgG absorption in the jejunum and ileum, respectively. In diabetic rats, bioavailability of oral insulin coadministered with Zot was sufficient to lower serum glucose concentrations to levels comparable to those obtained after parenteral injection of the hormone. The survival time of diabetic animals chronically treated with oral insulin + Zot was comparable to that observed in parenterally treated rats. These studies offer an innovative strategy for the oral delivery of drugs and proteins normally not absorbed through the intestine.
Modification of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Peptidoglycan Enhances NOD1 Activation and Promotes Cancer of the Stomach
Authors: Giovanni Suarez, Judith Romero-Gallo, M. Blanca Piazuelo, Ge Wang, Robert J. Maier, Lennart S. Forsberg, Parastoo Azadi, Martin A. Gomez, Pelayo Correa, Richard M. Peek
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis. One cancer-linked locus is the cag pathogenicity island, which translocates components of peptidoglycan into host cells. NOD1 is an intracellular immune receptor that senses peptidoglycan from Gram-negative bacteria and responds by inducing autophagy and activating NF-κB, leading to inflammation-mediated bacterial clearance; however chronic pathogens can evade NOD1-mediated clearance by altering peptidoglycan structure. We previously demonstrated that the H. pylori cag(+) strain 7.13 rapidly induces gastric cancer in Mongolian gerbils. Using 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry, we identified a novel mutation within the gene encoding the peptidoglycan deacetylase PgdA; therefore, we sought to define the role of H. pylori PgdA in NOD1-dependent activation of NF-κB, inflammation, and cancer. Coculture of H. pylori strain 7.13 or its pgdA(-) isogenic mutant with AGS gastric epithelial cells or HEK293 epithelial cells expressing a NF-κB reporter revealed that pgdA inactivation significantly decreased NOD1-dependent NF-κB activation and autophagy. Infection of Mongolian gerbils with an H. pylori pgdA(-) mutant strain led to significantly decreased levels of inflammation and malignant lesions in the stomach; however, preactivation of NOD1 before bacterial challenge reciprocally suppressed inflammation and cancer in response to wild-type H. pylori. Expression of NOD1 differs in human gastric cancer specimens compared with noncancer samples harvested from the same patients. These results indicate that peptidoglycan deacetylation plays an important role in modulating host inflammatory responses to H. pylori, allowing the bacteria to persist and induce carcinogenic consequences in the gastric niche.
Postsplenectomy Viral Hepatitis
Authors: H. Harlan Stone
Journal: JAMA (1967)

THERE has been little agreement with respect to the incidence and severity of various infectious diseases following removal of the spleen.<sup>1-5</sup>Most of the studies have been some type of retrospective review, with particular emphasis on a specific infection. Despite several conflicting reports, the consensus of opinion has been that splenectomy does predispose children to the development of certain bacterial infections, especially those due to the<i>Pneumococcus</i>and<i>Meningococcus</i>. An impaired resistance to viral infections has never been seriously considered. Recent experience with several fatalities due to postsplenectomy hepatitis seemed to warrant a more detailed evaluation of splenic function in viral disease. Accordingly, the charts of all patients who had undergone splenectomy or who had been diagnosed as having viral hepatitis were reviewed at Grady Memorial Hospital for the period between Jan 1, 1948, and Dec 31, 1965. <h3>Clinical Material</h3> During the 18 years, 382 patients underwent splenectomy for
Echocardiography in Chagas Heart Disease
Authors: Harry Acquatella
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Chagas heart disease is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. Echocardiography provides useful diagnostic and prognostic information and is an important tool in the management of patients with Chagas disease.A search for relevant publications was obtained from MEDLINE, LILACS, and SCIELO sources. Acute Chagas myocarditis is a rare disorder in which pericardial effusion is frequent. Echocardiography may exclude pericardial tamponade in case of heart failure. Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy evolves for several decades after the infection. Epidemiological history, positive serology, and suggestive clinical and ECG abnormalities establish the diagnosis. About three quarters of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy subjects remain asymptomatic with normal (indeterminate form) or abnormal ECGs. Early Doppler abnormalities includes prolongation of isovolumic contraction and relaxation times. Systolic function frequently is normal, but dysfunction may be elicited by stress tests. Half or more of symptomatic patients have a left ventricular apical aneurysm and other segmental contractile abnormalities similar to those seen in coronary heart disease. The dilated nonsegmental form is indistinguishable from dilated cardiomyopathy. Results from univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses indicate that impaired systolic function and increased ventricular dimensions have significant value in predicting cardiac morbidity and mortality. Cardiac ultrasound commonly is used in the follow-up of patients and in the assessment of various therapeutic modalities.Echocardiographic and Doppler techniques provide useful structural and functional information in the detection of early myocardial damage, risk assessment of prognosis, disease progression, and management of patients with Chagas disease.
The importance of IgE antibody levels in anti‐IgE treatment
Authors: S. G. O. Johansson, H. Öman, A. Nopp, S. Pettersson
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Dosages of anti-immunoglobulin (Ig)E in treatment of allergic asthma is based on total IgE body pool assuming that IgE antibodies responsible for the disease are evenly distributed among patients. This assumption was evaluated.Median and quartile concentrations of IgE and IgE antibodies to cat and mite in 6461 sera submitted to an allergy laboratory during 2003-2005 were calculated and expressed in groups of different IgE levels.Of 3872 (60%) samples from adults with a serum IgE level of 30-700 kU/l, 22.2% had IgE antibodies (>or=0.35 kU(A)/l) to mite, 36.0% to cat and 8.1% to both. The relative concentration of IgE antibody of IgE decreased with increasing IgE, indicating a more specific response in patients with slightly elevated serum IgE. At a hypothetical serum IgE level of 10 kU/l, the threshold recommended for anti-IgE treatment, 25% of the originally mite- and/or cat-positive population in the <75 kU/l IgE group still would have detectable IgE antibodies.Sera from patients sensitized to mite and cat with moderate serum IgE levels have a high proportion of IgE antibodies; in the 30-74 kU/l group, as much as 10% of the IgE could be specific to one allergen. An increase of the anti-IgE dosage given to such patients should be considered, especially because IgE antibodies with different, relevant specificities have an additive effect in triggering inflammatory cells.
Patients Given Fungus-Tainted Injections Continue to Face Uncertainty, Illness
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CHOLERA INFANTUM—ITS TREATMENT IN MALARIAL LOCALITIES.Read in the Section on Diseases of Children, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: J. SCHNECK
Journal: JAMA (1893)

and see what the influence of the disease is upon the organs of generation, as to whether or not the females would be sterile or would have inflammatory changes in the tubes or ovaries.Although I have no especial reason for making the statement, I believe that the virulency of both syphilis and gon¬ orrhea is mitigated in childhood.I mean, of course, if the same rules governing treatment in adult life are carried out.I also believe that the primary and secondary manifestations of each are very much lessened as to time.The fever will perhaps be higher, as is the case with most all diseases of childhood.My experience would teach me, that it is an almost absolute impossibility to discipline such patients and prolong their treatment.One reason may be in the fact, that the parents desire to conceal the fact, and at the same time are ignorant of the ravages pro¬ duced by the disease.It is to be noticed in the his¬ tory of these cases, that the parents are all poor and the children were allowed to be on the streets, ad libitum.As there is very little written, bearing directly upon the subject of primary syphilis and gonorrhea in childhood, I feel that this report is justified by the hope that it may encourage reports of observations pertaining to this subject.CHOLERA INFANTUM -ITS TREATMENT IN MALARIAL LOCALITIES.
644 COMPLICATIONS AFTER RADIOFREOJUENCY ABLATION FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: AN ANALYSIS OF 1843 ABLATIONS IN 1211 PATIENTS IN A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE FOR 10 YEARS
Authors: S.Y. Park, W.Y. Tak, Y.O. Kweon, M.K. Jung, S.W. Jeon, C.M. Cho, S.K. Kim, K.C. Kim, H.S. Lee, D.W. Lee, H.F. Park
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)