tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Predicts Tumor Differentiation, P-glycoprotein Expression, and Outcome after Resection in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Satoru Seo, Etsuro Hatano, Tatsuya Higashi, Tadashi Hara, Masaharu Tada, Nobuyuki Tamaki, Keiko Iwaisako, Iwao Ikai, Shinji Uemoto
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for prediction of tumor differentiation, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression, and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Experimental Design: Seventy HCC patients who underwent curative resection were prospectively enrolled in the study. FDG-PET was done 2 weeks preoperatively, and the standardized uptake value (SUV) and the tumor to nontumor SUV ratio (TNR) were calculated from FDG uptake. Tumor differentiation and P-gp expression were examined with H&amp;E and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results: SUV and TNR were significantly higher in poorly differentiated HCCs than in well-differentiated (P = 0.001 and 0.002) and moderately differentiated HCCs (P &amp;lt; 0.0001 and P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The percentage P-gp–positive area was significantly higher in well-differentiated HCCs than in poorly differentiated (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and moderately differentiated HCCs (P = 0.0001). Inverse correlations were found between SUV and P-gp expression (r = −0.44; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and between TNR and P-gp expression (r = −0.47; P = 0.01). Forty-three (61.4%) patients had postoperative recurrence. The overall and disease-free survival rates in the high TNR (≥2.0) group were significantly lower than in the low TNR (&amp;lt;2.0) group (P = 0.0001 and 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, a high α-fetoprotein level (risk ratio, 5.46; P = 0.003; risk ratio, 8.78; P = 0.006) and high TNR (risk ratio, 1.3; P = 0.03; risk ratio, 1.6; P = 0.02) were independent predictors of postoperative recurrence and overall survival. Conclusions: The results suggest that preoperative FDG-PET reflects tumor differentiation and P-gp expression and may be a good predictor of outcome in HCC.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia: where did we start, where are we now, and the future
Authors: C C Coombs, M Tavakkoli, M S Tallman
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Abstract Historically, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was considered to be one of the most fatal forms of acute leukemia with poor outcomes before the introduction of the vitamin A derivative all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA). With considerable advances in therapy, including the introduction of ATRA initially as a single agent and then in combination with anthracyclines, and more recently by development of arsenic trioxide (ATO)-containing regimens, APL is now characterized by complete remission rates of 90% and cure rates of ∼80%, even higher among low-risk patients. Furthermore, with ATRA–ATO combinations, chemotherapy may safely be omitted in low-risk patients. The disease is now considered to be the most curable subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults. Nevertheless, APL remains associated with a significant incidence of early death related to the characteristic bleeding diathesis. Early death, rather than resistant disease so common in all other subtypes of AML, has emerged as the major cause of treatment failure.
Icarus, Kiwi and John
Authors: Alvan G. Foraker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

ONCE upon a time three interns, named Icarus, Kiwi and John, planned for careers in medical research.Icarus believed research was a matter of inspiration, not training. He had conceived a new approach to pituitary physiopathology. Theoretically, certain aminomercaptan enzymases might adhere the microsomes to the Golgi bodies in the theta cells, flocculating the desoxyribose nucleic acid of the mitochondrial nucleoli. These phenomena could be studied with the interferoelectroradiofluoromicroscope. With no research experience, Icarus prepared an impressive plan. Professor Aloof, of the University of Vapid City, encouraged research freedom for bright young men. Icarus obtained a fellowship with him, supported . . .
Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Milk-Allergic Children on an Extensively-Heated (baked) Milk-Containing Diet
Authors: Hugh A. Sampson, Madhan Masilamani, Jacob D. Kattan, Beth D. Strong, Kaitie Fernandez, Tee Bahnson, Anna H. Nowak-Wegrzyn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase—Knockout Mice Exhibit Resistance to Pleurisy and Lung Injury Caused by Carrageenan
Authors: SALVATORE CUZZOCREA, EMANUELA MAZZON, GIUSI CALABRO, LAURA DUGO, ANGELA DE SARRO, FONS A. J. van de LOO, ACHILLE P. CAPUTI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

In the present study, we investigated the role of inducible (or type 2) nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the development of acute inflammation by comparing the responses in wild-type mice (WT) and mice lacking (knockout [KO]). When compared with carrageenan-treated iNOS-WT mice, iNOS-KO mice that had received carrageenan exhibited a reduced degree of pleural exudation and polymorphonuclear cell migration. Lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lipid peroxidation were significantly reduced in iNOS-KO mice in comparison with iNOSWT mice. Immunohistochemical analysis for nitrotyrosine revealed positive staining in lungs from carrageenan-treated iNOS-WT mice. Lung tissue sections from carrageenan-treated iNOS-WT mice showed positive staining for poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose synthetase that was mainly localized in alveolar macrophages and in airway epithelial cells. The intensity and degree of staining for nitrotyrosine and poly-ADP-ribose synthetase were markedly reduced in tissue sections from carrageenan-treated iNOS-KO mice. The inflamed lungs of iNOS-KO mice also showed an improved histologic status. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the suppression of energy status, in DNA strand breakage, and in decreased cellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) was observed ex vivo in macrophages harvested from the pleural cavity of iNOS-KO mice subjected to carrageenan-induced pleurisy. Taken together, our results clearly show that iNOS plays an important role in the acute inflammatory response.
Estrogen upregulates MICA/B expression in human non-small cell lung cancer through the regulation of ADAM17
Authors: Jing Ren, Yunzhong Nie, Mingming Lv, Sunan Shen, Ruijing Tang, Yujun Xu, Yayi Hou, Shuli Zhao, Tingting Wang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)
Telephone Screening, Outreach, and Care Management for Depressed Workers and Impact on Clinical and Work Productivity Outcomes
Authors: Philip S. Wang, Gregory E. Simon, Jerry Avorn, Francisca Azocar, Evette J. Ludman, Joyce McCulloch, Maria Z. Petukhova, Ronald C. Kessler
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Although guideline-concordant depression treatment is clearly effective, treatment often falls short of evidence-based recommendations. Organized depression care programs significantly improve treatment quality, but employer purchasers have been slow to adopt these programs based on lack of evidence for cost-effectiveness from their perspective.
Five year follow-up after valve replacement with the St. Jude Medical valve in infants and children.
Authors: D P Faxon, W O Myers, C H McCabe, K B Davis, H V Schaff, J W Wilson, T J Ryan
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Since 1979, 34 infants and children, 3 weeks to 17 years of age, have undergone cardiac valve replacement with a St. Jude Medical (SJM) prosthesis at our institution. Seventeen children underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR), 16 aortic valve replacement (AVR), and one pulmonary valve replacement. Three hospital deaths were associated with MVR and complex congenital heart disease. All surviving patients were functional in class I. A cumulative 89.1 patient-years of follow-up were analyzed to evaluate valve-related mortality and morbidity. Late complications included thromboembolus (one patient), anticoagulant-related hemorrhage (one patient), and perivalvular leak (one patient). One of six late deaths resulted from mitral valve thrombosis. Actuarial 5 year survival for patients who underwent AVR was 100%, but it was 53% for MVR (p = .03). Freedom from significant morbidity and mortality for up to 5 years after operation was 92 +/- 7% for those who underwent AVR and 45 +/- 16% for those who underwent MVR. Patient-related factors appear to account for an increased rate of complications after MVR. Because of difficulties with achieving anticoagulation with warfarin, aspirin therapy should be used for patients less than 5 years of age, while older patients can be managed with warfarin. The SJM valve is a satisfactory cardiac valve substitute for the pediatric age group.
Outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia failing to front-line treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and anthracycline-based chemotherapy (PETHEMA protocols LPA96 and LPA99): benefit of an early intervention
Authors: J Esteve, L Escoda, G Martín, V Rubio, J Díaz-Mediavilla, M González, C Rivas, C Álvarez, J D González San Miguel, S Brunet, J F Tomás, M Tormo, M J Sayas, P Sánchez Godoy, D Colomer, P Bolufer, M A Sanz
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Oral contraceptives and diabetes mellitus.
Authors: P. C. Hannaford, C. R. Kay
Journal: BMJ (1989)

As part of a large prospective study on morbidity in oral contraceptive users initiated in 1968, risk of developing diabetes mellitus was estimated as no higher than that in non-users. 23,000 women in each of the user and never-user groups were recruited by general practitioners in the U.K. Women whose diabetes was associated with pregnancy, or that was diagnoses before or during the study period were excluded. The relative risks were 0.85 for 1-59 months of use, 0.46 for 60-119 months, 1.49 for 120 months of use. The total risk was 0.80 for current users, vs. 0.82 for former users. It is remarkable that these cases were in women using the formerly available high dose pills.
Response to Kotzalidis et al.
Authors: Helle K. Schoeyen, Ute Kessler, Ole A. Andreassen, Bjoern H. Auestad, Per Bergsholm, Ulrik F. Malt, Gunnar Morken, Ketil J Oedegaard, Arne Vaaler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2015)
Safety and efficacy of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate gel in the treatment of scalp psoriasis in adolescents 12–17 years of age
Authors: M. Gooderham, J.‐M. Debarre, J. Keddy‐Grant, Z. Xu, M. Kurvits, M. Goodfield
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Safety and efficacy of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate gel in the treatment of scalp psoriasis in adolescents 12–17 years of age Get access M. Gooderham, M. Gooderham SKiN Centre for Dermatology 743 Lansdowne Street West Peterborough ON Canada K9J 1Z Correspondence Melinda Gooderham. E‐mail: mjgooderham@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.‐M. Debarre, J.‐M. Debarre Cabinet de Dermatologie Cholet France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Keddy‐Grant, J. Keddy‐Grant Winnipeg Clinic Dermatology Research Winnipeg MB Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Z. Xu, Z. Xu LEO Pharma A/S Ballerup Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Kurvits, M. Kurvits LEO Pharma A/S Ballerup Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Goodfield M. Goodfield Department of Dermatology Chapel Allerton Hospital Leeds U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 6, 1 December 2014, Pages 1470–1477, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13235 Published: 01 December 2014
A defective Vkappa A2 allele in Navajos which may play a role in increased susceptibility to haemophilus influenzae type b disease.
Authors: A J Feeney, M J Atkinson, M J Cowan, G Escuro, G Lugo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The antibody response to H. influenzae type b (Hib) is pauciclonal, and is dominated by antibodies using the VkappaA2 gene. Navajos have a 5-10-fold increased incidence of Hib disease compared with control populations. We hypothesized that a polymorphism in one of the genes in this oligoclonal response may lead to increased disease susceptibility. Since the predominant A2+ anti-Hib antibodies have high avidity for Hib and can be unmutated, the A2 Vkappa gene was analyzed. Over half of the Navajos studied, but only one control individual, had a new allele of A2, termed A2b, with three changes from the published A2 germline sequence. One of the changes was in the recombination signal sequence, suggesting that the A2b allele might not undergo V-J rearrangement very frequently. This possibility was confirmed by analyzing the relative frequency of non-productive A2 rearrangements in A2a/b heterozygous Navajos. Many fewer A2b rearrangements were observed, showing that the A2b allele is defective in its ability to undergo rearrangement. The prevalence of this allele in Navajos may play a role in their increased susceptibility to invasive Hib disease. If so, it would underscore the importance of the germline Ig repertoire for protective antibody responses to pathogenic bacteria in unimmunized children.
Pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: possible role of nonprecipitating DNA antibody.
Authors: P S Friend, Y Kim, A F Michael, J V Donadio
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A v B NS; NS. * + = Precipitin reaction of neat test serum w%ith 20, 5, or 1-25 mg DNA,1.t Ammonium sulphate and spontaneously precipitating results expressed as percent- age of "' I-DNA bound bv antibody.Ratio = Spontaneously precipitating: ammonium sulphate.Case 8 did not undergo renal biopsy.
Idiotypic analysis of potential and available repertoires in the arsonate system.
Authors: M Slaoui, O Leo, J Marvel, M Moser, J Hiernaux, J Urbain
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

We have shown that, by suitable idiotypic manipulation, BALB/c mice can express the major cross-reactive idiotype (CRI) of A/J mice in response to azophenylarsonate (Ars). In order to know if the CRIA idiotype is present in the potential repertoire of BALB/c before any intentional selection, we used polyclonal activation in vitro and limiting dilution analysis. The readout was done with two monoclonal anti-CRIA antibodies that recognize distinct idiotopes on a CRIA+ A/J germline-encoded monoclonal antibody. We studied the frequency of CRIA+ lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-reactive cells in the spleens of nonimmune and immune A/J mice and in the spleens of naive and manipulated (i.e., producing CRIA+ antibodies) BALB/c mice. A/J and BALB/c naive individuals presented very high frequencies of Ars-specific B cells while the frequency of CRIA+ B cells was only a minor subset (0.5%) of the total Ars-specific subset in the two strains. When A/J mice were immunized with Ars-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, a clear preferential expansion of the CRIA+ minor subset of A/J mice was observed (100x). No such enhancement was observed in BALB/c mice similarly treated. Manipulated BALB/c mice presented a higher frequency of CRIA+ anti-Ars B cells than naive or antigen-immunized BALB/c individuals.
Metastatic Gastric Cancer Arising from Breast Carcinoma: Endoscopic Ultrasonographic Aspects
Authors: G. Lorimier, C. Binelli, P. Burtin, P. Maillart, G. Bertrand, V. Verriele, E. Fondrinier
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

Linitis plastica of the stomach was diagnosed in four patients. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed in four cases; they were monitored by EUS and had their treatment adapted accordingly. According to the present study, the typical criteria of gastric linitis at EUS are: (a) rigidity of the gastric wall; (b) a wall thickness exceeding 6 mm; (c) a second enlarged layer marginally more echogenic than the fourth hypoechogenic layer (muscularis propria); (d) a third hyperechogenic enlarged layer; and (e) a poor demarcation between layers. Gastric linitis appears more likely to be specific metastasis from lobular breast carcinoma. In most of the follow-up cases, EUS showed correlation with a subsequent decrease of the CA 15.3 level. At present, EUS seems to be the most effective and least invasive examination for clinical diagnosis and treatment surveillance of secondary gastric linitis arising from infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast.
The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care Physicians
Authors: P. Dileep Kumar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters6 April 2010The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care PhysiciansP. Dileep Kumar, MDP. Dileep Kumar, MDFrom Port Huron Hospital, Port Huron, MI 48060.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-7-201004060-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Beckman (1) details his experience with hospitalists managing his hospitalized inpatients. Hospitalist practice does fragment patient care in some ways. However, in this day and age, patients see multiple physicians in the outpatient setting, which also fragments the care process. A recent study (2) reported that Medicare beneficiaries saw a median of 2 primary care physicians and 5 specialists working in 4 different practices in 1 year. All of these physicians will probably order more tests and medications. The role of primary care internists has slowly been transformed into that of a care coordinator, rather than a ...References1. Beckman H. Three degrees of separation. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:890-1. [PMID: 20008765] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Pham HH, Schrag D, O'Malley AS, Wu B, Bach PB. Care patterns in Medicare and their implications for pay for performance. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1130-9. [PMID: 17360991] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Port Huron Hospital, Port Huron, MI 48060.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThree Degrees of Separation Howard Beckman The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care Physicians Robert M. Wachter The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care Physicians Carl H. Reynolds , Balazs Zsenits , and Walter A. Polashenski The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care Physicians Mark J. Ault The Relationship Between Hospitalists and Primary Care Physicians Michael D. Stillman Metrics Cited ByFrustrations With Hospitalist Care: Need to Improve Transitions and CommunicationThe Editors 6 April 2010Volume 152, Issue 7Page: 476KeywordsConflicts of interestEmergency medicineHospitalistsInpatientsMedicareOutpatientsPatient advocacyPatients ePublished: 6 April 2010 Issue Published: 6 April 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Psoriasis is associated with increased levels of serum leptin
Authors: Y. Wang, J. Chen, Y. Zhao, L. Geng, F. Song, H-D. Chen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose. Sir, Leptin, the product of the obesity gene (ob gene), is a 16‐kDa peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by adipocytes.1, 2 Circulating leptin levels show a marked sexual dimorphism, being two to three times higher in females than in males.3, 4 Leptin affects many physiological and metabolic pathways, including the regulation of body weight, energy expenditure, endocrine functions, reproduction and immunity.5, 6 Psoriasis is considered to be a T‐cell‐mediated inflammatory skin disease, with a preponderance of type 1 cytokines.7 Because leptin promotes type 1 cytokine synthesis and suppresses type 2 cytokine production, we speculate that leptin might play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.8 Thus far no studies have been reported on the association of serum leptin with psoriasis. A total of 144 psoriatic patients and 54 healthy nonpsoriatic blood donors were recruited in the study (Table 1). Exclusion criteria included age outside the range 16–69 years, use of systemic medications and systemic diseases. Body mass index (BMI) and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores were calculated as previous described.9
Development of type 2 diabetes following intrauterine growth retardation in rats is associated with progressive epigenetic silencing of Pdx1
Authors: Jun H. Park, Doris A. Stoffers, Robert D. Nicholls, Rebecca A. Simmons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) has been linked to the onset of diseases in adulthood, including type 2 diabetes, and has been proposed to result from altered gene regulation patterns due to epigenetic modifications of developmental genes. To determine whether epigenetic modifications may play a role in the development of adult diabetes following IUGR, we used a rodent model of IUGR that expresses lower levels of Pdx1, a pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 transcription factor critical for beta cell function and development, which develops diabetes in adulthood. We found that expression of Pdx1 was permanently reduced in IUGR beta cells and underwent epigenetic modifications throughout development. The fetal IUGR state was characterized by loss of USF-1 binding at the proximal promoter of Pdx1, recruitment of the histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and the corepressor Sin3A, and deacetylation of histones H3 and H4. Following birth, histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) was demethylated and histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) was methylated. During the neonatal period, these epigenetic changes and the reduction in Pdx1 expression could be reversed by HDAC inhibition. After the onset of diabetes in adulthood, the CpG island in the proximal promoter was methylated, resulting in permanent silencing of the Pdx1 locus. These results provide insight into the development of type 2 diabetes following IUGR and we believe they are the first to describe the ontogeny of chromatin remodeling in vivo from the fetus to the onset of disease in adulthood.