tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Denmark halves Down's births by non-invasive screening in early pregnancy
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2007)

UK NEWS Scientists plead for right to create interspecies embryos, p1238 World NEWS US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� bmj.com �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers
Association of Mediterranean Diet With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Ramón Estruch, Dolores Corella, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Miguel A. Martínez-González
Journal: JAMA (2014)

This study examined the role of a Mediterranean diet in the prevention of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in a derivative analysis of the PREDIMED randomized clinical trial in adults older than 55 years with diabetes or cardiovascular risk factors.
CHEMICAL STUDIES ON BACTERIAL AGGLUTINATION
Authors: Michael Heidelberger, Elvin A. Kabat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

1. The quantitative, absolute method of agglutinin estimation is extended to the reaction between Types I and II pneumococcus R (S) suspensions prepared in various ways and antisera from rabbits injected with these cells. 2. Quantitative estimations of the amount of antibody to pneumococcus C substance are also given. 3. The significance of the data is discussed.
Induction and isolation of tumor antigen-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes using sorting signal directed MHC class-II expression
Authors: Christian Ellinger, Carina Wehner, Susanne Wilde, Dolores J Schendel, Slavoljub Milosevic
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The adoptive transfer of tumor-antigen specific CD8+ T lymphocytes has shown highly promising but somewhat limited benefit in tumor immunotherapy. The poor objective clinical efficacy observed in early studies has been overcome partly by integration of patient preconditioning and
Reoperation for Bioprosthetic Mitral Structural Failure: Risk Assessment
Authors: W.R.E. Jamieson, L.H. Burr, R.T. Miyagishima, M.T. Janusz, G.J. Fradet, S.V. Lichtenstein, H. Ling
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The predominant complication of bioprostheses is structural valve deterioration and the consequences of reoperation. The purpose of the study was to determine the mortality and risk assessment of that mortality for mitral bioprosthetic failure.From 1975 to 1999, 1 973 patients received a heterograft bioprosthesis in 2 152 operations. The procedures were performed with concomitant coronary artery bypass (CAB) in 694 operations and without in 1 458 operations. There were 481 reoperations for structural valve deterioration performed in 463 patients with 34 fatalities (7.1%). Of the 481 re-replacements, 67 had CAB and 414 had isolated replacement; the mortality was 11.9% (8) and 6.3% (26), respectively. Eleven predictive factors inclusive of age, concomitant CAB, urgency status, New York Heart Association (NYHA; reoperation), and year of reoperation (year periods) were considered. The mortality from 1975 to 1986 was 9.8% (6/61), from 1987 to 1992 it was 10.8% (20/185), and from 1993 to 2000 it was 3.4% (8/235) (I versus III P=0.0458, II versus III P=0.0047). The mortality by urgency status was elective/urgent 6.0% (26/436) and emergent 17.8% (8/45) (P=0.00879). The mortality was NYHA I/II 0.00% (0/37), III 5.1% (14/273), and IV 11.7% (20/171) (P=0.0069). The predictive risk factors by multivariate regression analysis were age at implant, odds ratio (OR) 0.84 (P=0.0113); age at explant, OR 1.2 (P=0.0089); urgency, OR 2.8 (P=0.0264); NYHA, OR 2.5 (P=0.015); 1975-1986 versus 1993-2000 of reoperations, OR 5.8 (P=0.0062); and 1987-19 92 versus 1993-2000, OR 4.0 (P=0.0023). For the period 1993 to 2000 of reoperations, only age at implant and age at explant were significant; NYHA class, urgency status, and concomitant CAB were not significant.Bioprosthetic mitral reoperative mortality can be lowered by reoperations on an elective/urgent basis in low to medium NYHA functional class. The routine evaluation of patients can achieve earlier low risk reoperative surgery.
Biochemical mechanisms in the Killmann experiment: critique of the deoxyuridine suppression test.
Authors: T T Pelliniemi, W S Beck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The degree of inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA by exogenous deoxyuridine is assayed in a procedure known as the deoxyuridine suppression test. We report studies of the biochemical basis of this phenomenon in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes, which suggest that its mechanism has not been fully understood. Results show that inhibition by deoxyuridine is caused only in part by expansion of the intracellular pools of nonradioactive dTMP and dTTP, which dilutes the specific radioactivity of the [3H]dTMP and [3H]dTTP derived from [3H]thymidine. Increased dTTP levels also inhibit thymidine kinase. In addition, thymidine kinase is competitively inhibited by intracellular deoxyuridine. Inhibition of thymidine kinase activity by both mebolites further decreases the specific radioactivity of [3H]dTMP and [3H]dTTP. Deoxyuridine also inhibits the incorporation of [3H]deoxyadenosine and [3H]deoxyguanosine into DNA in these cells. Exogenous deoxyuridine still inhibits [3H]thymidine incorporation in cells whose de novo thymidylate synthesis has been strongly inhibited by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine or methotrexate. In such drug-treated cells, exposure to high concentrations of exogenous deoxyuridine can partially overcome the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase with resulting increase in the severely depleted dTTP pools. This increase is associated with enhanced DNA synthesis, as measured by incorporation into DNA of labeled deoxyribonucleosides other than [3H]thymidine. We conclude that exogenous deoxyuridine has multiple effects on [3H]thymidine incorporation, which must be considered in interpretations of deoxyurindine suppression test results.
Oral administration of DuP 753, a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist, to normal male volunteers. Inhibition of pressor response to exogenous angiotensin I and II.
Authors: Y Christen, B Waeber, J Nussberger, M Porchet, R M Borland, R J Lee, K Maggon, L Shum, P B Timmermans, H R Brunner
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to assess the inhibitory effect of DuP 753, an orally active angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on the pressor action of exogenous angiotensin I and II in healthy male volunteers. METHODS AND RESULTS In the first study (single-dose study), eight volunteers were included in a 2-day protocol repeated four times at 1-week intervals. In each phase, a different dose of drug (2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 40 mg) or placebo was given. The peak systolic blood pressure response to a test-dose of angiotensin I was determined serially before and after oral administration of DuP 753 by continuously monitoring finger blood pressure using a photoplethysmographic method. DuP 753 reduced the systolic blood pressure response to angiotensin I in a dose-dependent fashion. Three, 6, and 13 hours after the 40-mg dose, blood pressure response decreased to 31 +/- 5%, 37 +/- 6%, and 45 +/- 3% of the control values (mean +/- SEM, n = 7), respectively. In the second study, 29 volunteers were treated for 8 days with either a placebo or DuP 753 (5, 10, 20, or 40 mg p.o. q.d.) and challenged on the first, fourth, and eighth days with bolus injections of angiotensin II. Again, the inhibitory effect on the systolic blood pressure response to angiotensin II was clearly dose dependent. Six hours after 40 mg DuP 753, the systolic blood pressure response to the test-dose of angiotensin II was reduced to 37 +/- 7%, 40 +/- 4%, and 38 +/- 6% of baseline values (mean +/- SEM, n = 6) on days 1, 4, and 8, respectively. With this latter dose, there was still a blocking effect detectable 24 hours after the drug. Similar to angiotensin converting enzyme and renin inhibitors, DuP 753 induced a dose-dependent increase in plasma renin that was more pronounced on the eighth than on the first day of drug administration. In these normal volunteers, no consistent clinically significant side effects were observed. There was no evidence for an agonist effect. CONCLUSIONS DuP 753 appears to be a well-tolerated, orally active, potent, and long-lasting antagonist of angiotensin II in men.
Lipopolysaccharide-mediated transcriptional activation of the human tissue factor gene in THP-1 monocytic cells requires both activator protein 1 and nuclear factor kappa B binding sites.
Authors: N Mackman, K Brand, T S Edgington
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of cells of monocytic lineage leads to rapid and transient expression of a set of inflammatory gene products, including tissue factor (TF). This transmembrane receptor is the major cellular initiator of the blood coagulation cascades, and induced expression of TF is postulated to play a role in inflammation. Functional studies using transfected THP-1 monocytic cells revealed the presence of a 56-bp LPS response element (LRE) within the TF promoter that conferred LPS responsiveness to a heterologous promoter. LPS stimulation of these cells activated proteins that bound to nucleotide sequences within the LRE resembling consensus binding sites for activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). Induction of the TF gene may represent a prototypic example of gene activation in monocytic cells by assembly of transcription factor complexes, and may clarify the role of AP-1 and NF-kappa B in the regulation of other LPS-responsive genes.
CHRONIC NONTUBERCULOUS BRONCHOPNEUMONIA
Authors: DAVID RIESMAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

For a number of years I have been interested in a form of disease of the lungs which has not received much attention at the hands of systematic writers. An early paper published in 1913 1 was followed by a few corroborative articles, but it is only within recent years, chiefly through the conjoint work of the roentgenologists and the clinicians, that the frequency and the importance of the condition have been recognized. 2 In the earlier paper, my conclusions were as follows: 1. The disease is a confluent lobular pneumonia of lobar distribution characterized by long duration, low fever, and the following physical signs: impairment of resonance, bronchovesicular breathing, and showers of crackling râles. 2. It must be looked on as one of the causes of obscure long-continued fever. 3. The disease always seems to end in complete recovery, both symptomatically and anatomically. 4. In the beginning, typhoid may
Safety of herbal remedies
Authors: Gretchen De Soriano, Derek Chase
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

away from general surgery completely as urology has'. He warns that 'the intellectual stimulus of non-specialist paediatric surgery is so limited' that rather than having more paediatric surgeons, 'the sensible alternative is that general surgeons with an interest in paediatric surgery take on the basic work', and that 'although Dennis Browne may have said that setting a standard is not to create a monopoly there is a creeping feeling in all this that there may be a grain of lie in these fine wvords'. There is more to paediatric cardiology, paediatric radiology, pacdiatric anaesthesia, paediatric surgery, paediatric cardiothoracic surgery, paediatric intensive care, and paediatric nursing than is found on the token paediatric pages of adult textbooks. The British Association of Paediatric Surgeons expects high standards; many adult surgeons may have to find alternative intellectual diversions.
THE PRESENCE OF HYMENOLEPIS NANA IN PORTO RICO
Authors: Rolla B. Hill
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<i>Hymenolepis nana</i>has been reported so often in the United States that it is now regarded as one of the commonest tapeworms infesting man. It has not, as far as we have been able to ascertain, been reported before from Porto Rico. The cases here presented should therefore be of some interest as further indicating the cosmopolitan distribution of this parasite. In examining the forty-seven inmates of the boys orphan home in Hatillo for hookworms, the eggs of<i>Hymenolepis nana</i>were discovered in the stools of three of the boys. This home is managed entirely by local people, and admits boys from 6 to 12 years of age. One of the boys had been in the home for three years, the other two for two years. None of the boys or the director have ever been off the island. Their only contact with outside people is in the local schools.
REPRINTS OF ARTICLES FOR RUSSIAN PHYSICIANS
Authors: Gregory S. Razran
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To the Editor:—  I have just received a letter dated May 25, 1942, from Prof. Alexander R. Luria, the prominent Russian neuropsychologist. Professor Luria, whose book in English  Nature of Human Conflict is well known to American readers and who was scheduled to visit this country to deliver the Salmon Memorial Lectures at the New York Academy of Medicine, is now in the province of Cheliabinsk in the Ural Mountains. He is directing a clinic for the rehabilitation of the brain injured in the war. He writes that he and his colleagues are very much in need of reprints from recent original American publications in the fields of brain pathology and abnormal psychology, particularly those dealing with reeducation and neurosurgery. He would like to receive such material of course as soon as possible.  The American-Russian Committee for Medical Aid to the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, of which Prince
Expression and function of CXC and CC chemokines in human malignant liver tumors: A role for human monokine induced by ?-interferon in lymphocyte recruitment to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Khong F. Yoong, Simon C. Afford, Rebecca Jones, Pav Aujla, Shixin Qin, Kate Price, Stefan G. Hubscher, David H. Adams
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) play an important role in the recruitment of lymphocytes to tissue by regulating cellular adhesion and transendothelial migration. This study examined the expression and function of CXC (human monokine induced by γ-interferon [HuMig], interleukin-8 [IL-8], and interferon-inducible protein-10 [IP-10]) and CC (macrophage inflammatory protein-1α [MIP-1α], MIP-1β, regulated upon activation normal T lymphocyte expressed and secreted (RANTES), and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) chemokines and their respective receptors on lymphocytes infiltrating human liver tumors. Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, in situ hybridization and ribonuclease (RNAse) protection assays and function by in vitro chemotaxis of tumor-derived lymphocytes to purified chemokines and to HepG2 tumor cell culture supernatants. Tumor-derived lymphocytes showed strong chemotactic responses to both CC and CXC chemokines in vitro and expressed high levels of CXCR3 (HuMig and IP-10 receptor) and CCR5 (RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β receptor). Expansion of tumor-derived lymphocytes in recombinant IL-2 increased expression of CXCR3. The corresponding chemokines were detected on vascular endothelium (HuMig, IL-8, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β) and sinusoidal endothelium (HuMig, MIP-1α, MIP-1β) in hepatocellular carcinoma. In vitro, HepG2 cells secreted functional chemotactic factors for tumor-derived lymphocytes that could be inhibited using anti-CCR5 or anti-CXCR3 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). Thus, lymphocytes infiltrating human liver tumors express receptors for and respond to both CXC and CC chemokines. The relevant chemokine ligands are expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly HuMig, which was strongly expressed by tumor endothelium, suggesting that they play a role in lymphocyte recruitment to these tumors in vivo. The ability of HepG2 cells to secrete lymphocyte chemotactic factors in vitro suggests that the tumor contributes to lymphocyte recruitment in vivo
Decreasing cost effectiveness of testing for latent TB in HIV in a low TB incidence area
Authors: Santino Capocci, Colette Smith, Stephen Morris, Sanjay Bhagani, Ian Cropley, Ibrahim Abubakar, Margaret Johnson, Marc Lipman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Testing for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-infected persons in low tuberculosis (TB) incidence areas is often recommended. Using contemporary, clinical data, we report the yield and cost-effectiveness of testing all HIV attendees, two current UK strategies and no LTBI testing. Economic modelling was performed utilising 10-year follow up data from a large HIV clinical cohort. Outcomes were numbers of cases of active TB and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Between 2000 and 2010, 256 people were treated for TB/HIV co-infection. 72 (28%) occurred ≥3 months after HIV diagnosis and may have been prevented by LTBI testing. Between 2000 and 2005, the incremental cost per QALY gained for the British HIV Association (BHIVA) and UK National Institute of Care Excellence (NICE) strategies, and testing all clinic attendees was €6270, €6998 and €33,473, respectively. These rose to €9332, €32,564 and €74,067, respectively, between 2005 and 2010. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis suggested that at a threshold of €24,000 per additional QALY, the most cost-effective strategies would be NICE or testing all in 2000-2005 and BHIVA during 2005-2010. Both UK testing regimens missed cases but are cost-effective compared with no testing. Using recent data, they all became more expensive, suggesting that alternative or more targeted TB testing strategies must be considered.
Systems and genome-wide approaches unite to provide a route to personalized medicine
Authors: Barbara E Stranger, Johan Björkegren, M Eileen Dolan, Marylyn D Ritchie
Journal: Genome Medicine (2012)

A report on the Keystone Symposium 'Complex Traits: Genomics and Computational approaches', Breckenridge, Colorado, USA, 20-25 February 2012.
Not always obvious
Authors: J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The BMJ Publishing Group held its 3rd annual award ceremony last week. As Nigel Hawkes describes (doi:10.1136/bmj.d3183), it was a splendid affair, celebrating work that was variously innovative, caring, intelligent, and brave. A colleague commented afterwards that it was too easy to get cynical about healthcare and the many agendas that people pursue within it: the awards evening, he thought, was a complete contrast—a genuine celebration of good work. I thought so too.

Richard Peto, Oxford epidemiologist, got the lifetime achievement award for, as he said in accepting it, studying the “bleeding obvious”—the big things: smoking, alcohol, hypertension, cholesterol (hear him talk more about this …
A randomized trial of direct PTCA vs. intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Expedito E. Ribeiro, Lelio A. Silva, Rinaldo Carneiro, Laio G. D'Oliveira, Amauri Gasques, Jose G. Amino, Jose R. Tavares, Sergio Torossian, Enio Buffolo, Renato Deprat Fo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Whipple's Disease
Authors: Marcus H. Sugarman
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A case of intestinal lipodystrophy (Whipple's disease) was reported in a Negress—the first published case in the Negro race. The diagnosis was made by transoral jejunal biopsy with an intestinal biopsy (Crosby) capsule and was later confirmed by postmortem examination. Microscopic examination of the jejunum revealed histiocytes containing foamy cytoplasm which was periodic-acid-Schiff (PAS) positive. Sickle-form particles were seen in the jejunum, liver, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, ovary, and lymph nodes. These findings are considered to be pathognomonic of intestinal lipodystrophy and reveal the systemic nature of the disease. The frequent association of the disease with tuberculosis calls for further investigation. Because of the lymph node involvement, differentiation from sarcoidosis and malignant lymphoma is necessary.
Acute Lung Injury with Endotoxin or NO2 Does Not Enhance Development of Airway Epithelium from Bone Marrow
Authors: Travis Beckett, Roberto Loi, Robert Prenovitz, Matthew Poynter, Kaarin K. Goncz, Benjamin T. Suratt, Daniel J. Weiss
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Adult marrow-derived stem cells can localize to lung and acquire immunophenotypic characteristics of lung epithelial cells. Lung injury increases recruitment of the marrow-derived cells. We speculated that comparing patterns of lung engraftment following different lung injuries would provide insight into potential mechanisms by which marrow-derived cells were recruited to lung. To evaluate this, adult female C57Bl/6 mice irradiated and engrafted with marrow from adult male transgenic GFP mice were exposed to either intranasal inhalation of endotoxin (25 microg/mouse) or 3 days of 25 ppm NO(2) and then compared 1 or 3 months later to transplanted but otherwise uninjured mice. In all cases, the majority of marrow-derived cells recruited to lung were CD45(+) leukocytes. In lungs of transplanted but otherwise uninjured mice, small numbers of CD45(-) donor-derived cells in alveolar septae stained positively for pro-surfactant protein C. Rare donor-derived cells located in the airway epithelium stained positively with cytokeratin. Subsequent exposure of engrafted mice to NO(2) or endotoxin did not significantly increase the number or pattern of donor-derived CD45(-) cells found in recipient lungs. These results suggest that NO(2) or endotoxin lung injury does not result in significant engraftment of marrow-derived cells in lung.
THE TREATMENT OF ANGINAL PAINS
Authors: CHARLES LYMAN GREENE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Pain of cardiac origin varies greatly in the mode, intensity and even the areas of its symptomatic expression, but permits no hard and fast divisions. Pseudoangina is by its very name an absurdity unless we assume pure hysteria or simulation; nor can we longer seek shelter under the reflex  of Huchard or the angina vasomotoria of Nothnagel. The severest attacks of cardiac pain may occur in the absence of coronary sclerosis and with a falling arterial tension, and on the other hand we may, and often do, encounter cases of extreme sclerosis in persons who have never experienced severe angina. Indeed, it may truly be said that major angina pectoris is one of the rarer expressions of coronary sclerosis as this is ordinarily observed at necropsy.  Cardiac pain of the most severe type may be encountered in many conditions, and its minor forms differonly in intensity and in syndromic
Signiicant Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival in Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: T. LE CHEVALIER, R. ARRIAGADA, MICHÈLE TARAYRE, MARIE-JOSÉ LACOMBE-TERRIER, AGNÈS LAPLANCHE, ELIZABETH QUOIX, PIERE RUFFIE, MICHEL MARTIN, JEAN-YVES DOUILLARD
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Signiicant Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival in Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Get access T. LE CHEVALIER, T. LE CHEVALIER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. ARRIAGADA, R. ARRIAGADA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHÈLE TARAYRE, MICHÈLE TARAYRE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MARIE-JOSÉ LACOMBE-TERRIER, MARIE-JOSÉ LACOMBE-TERRIER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar AGNÈS LAPLANCHE, AGNÈS LAPLANCHE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ELIZABETH QUOIX, ELIZABETH QUOIX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PIERE RUFFIE, PIERE RUFFIE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHEL MARTIN, MICHEL MARTIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JEAN-YVES DOUILLARD JEAN-YVES DOUILLARD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 1, 1 January 1992, Page 58, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.1.58 Published: 01 January 1992