tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical, pathological, and molecular correlates in ferroportin disease: A study of two novel mutations
Authors: Domenico Girelli, Ivana De Domenico, Claudia Bozzini, Natascia Campostrini, Fabiana Busti, Annalisa Castagna, Nadia Soriani, Laura Cremonesi, Maurizio Ferrari, Romano Colombari, Diane McVey Ward, Jerry Kaplan, Roberto Corrocher
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

Clinico-pathological manifestations of ferroportin (Fpn) disease (FD) are heterogeneous, with some patients presenting with iron overload predominantly in macrophages ("M" phenotype), others predominantly in hepatocytes ("H" phenotype). This appears to reflect functional heterogeneity of Fpn mutants, with loss-of-function generally resulting in the M type.Two unrelated probands with "non-HFE" hemochromatosis were screened for Fpn mutations. Mutants were functionally characterized by immunofluorescence microscopy, evaluation of their ability to bind hepcidin and export iron, and by expressing them in zebrafish.Two novel Fpn mutations were identified: I152F in patient-1, presenting with typical M phenotype; and L233P in patient-2, presenting with ambiguous features (massive overload in both macrophages and hepatocytes). Molecular studies suggested loss of function in both cases. The I152F, normally localized on cell membrane and internalized by hepcidin, showed a unique "primary" deficit of iron export capability. The L233P did not appropriately traffic to cell surface. Loss of function was confirmed by expressing both mutants in vivo in zebrafish, resulting in iron limited erythropoiesis. Clinical manifestations were likely enhanced in both patients by non-genetic factors (HCV, alcohol).The combination of careful review of clinico-pathological data with molecular studies can yield compelling explanations for phenotype heterogeneity in FD.
Hepatotropism of GB virus C (GBV-C): GBV-C replication in human hepatocytes and cells of human hepatoma cell lines
Authors: Stefanie Seipp, Monika Scheidel, Walter J Hofmann, Ulrich Töx, Lorenz Theilmann, Tobias Goeser, Birgit Kallinowski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Points of potential IQ lost from lead
Authors: J. J. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  What is society's loss from exposure of children to lead? Simple enumeration of children with overt intoxication, encephalopathy, or death from lead exposure does not reflect the full spectrum of lead's biologic effects and damage. Among lead's most insidious effects is its poisoning of the developing nervous system, as measured by a decrease in the IQs of children with even low-level lead exposure.1,2In an attempt to quantify the more subtle effectsof lead exposure, we propose a new measure—points of potential IQ lost from lead (PPIQLLs).  We combined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) and the 1980 census to estimate national PPIQLLs in 1980 for children 6 months through 5 years of age. Conducted from 1976 through 1980, the NHANES II provides the most recent data on blood lead levels for a representative sample of the US population. On
Multicenter reperfusion trial of intravenous anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC) in acute myocardial infarction: Controlled comparison with intracoronary streptokinase
Authors: Jeffrey L. Anderson, Robert L. Rothbard, Rosemary A. Hackworthy, Sherman G. Sorensen, Patricia G. Fitzpatrick, Charles F. Dahl, Arthur D. Hagan, Kevin F. Browne, Gary P. Symkoviak, Ronald L. Menlove, William H. Barry, Harry W. Eckerson, Victor J. Marder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
160 Severe primary HHV8 infection following transplantation with anti-HHV8-positive liver grafts
Authors: A.M. Roque-Afonso, A.G. Marcelin, E. Kimmoun, M. Hurtova, M. Tulliez, M. Sebagh, N. Dupin, C. Guettier, D. Samuel, V. Calvez, E. Dussaix
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Implantation of homologous and heterologous aortic valves in prosthetic vascular tubes : An experimental study
Authors: C. M. G. Duran, R. Whitehead, A. J. Gunning
Journal: Thorax (1969)

<h3>OBJECTIVE:</h3> This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of radioactive iodine 131I therapy of Graves9 hyperthyroidism at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman and to determine the optimal dose of 131I needed to achieve the euthyroid or hypothyroid status. <h3>METHODS:</h3> The medical records of 366 patients with Graves hyperthyroidism who received a single dose of 131I at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman between 1991 and 1999 were reviewed. The diagnosis was based on clinical, biochemical grounds and 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy. The patients were followed up for a minimum period of 12 months. For the analysis, the patients were divided into 6 groups according to the 131I dose administered: Dose one (350-399), dose 2 (400-449), dose 3 (450-499), dose 4 (500-549), dose 5 (550-599) and dose 6 (&gt;=600) MBq. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Fifty-eight percent of all the patients were hypothyroid after 3 months. Three hundred and twenty two patients (88%) were treated by a single dose of 131I in 12 months (85.5% hypothyroid and 2.5% euthyroid). Forty-one patients (11.2%) required a 2nd 131I dose and only 3 patients required 3 doses of 131I. The best cure rate (93%) was observed in group dose 5 (574.0 ± 16.4 MBq) which however, was not significantly different from other dosage levels. The female to male ratio was 2:1 and the cure rates were not gender or age related. <h3>CONCLUSION:</h3> Treatment of Graves9 hyperthyroidism from a single 131I dose is our aim, rather than avoidance of hypothyroidism. Our results indicate that cure rates are higher with larger doses of 131I except in group dose 6 (special category of patients). In the future, fixed doses would be adopted in our radioactive iodine treatment practice guidelines. As the majority of our patients were hypothyroid at 3 months regular monthly follow-up is essential. Whenever appropriate, physicians are encouraged to consider early referral of Graves9 hyperthyroidism patients for radioactive iodine treatment as it is cheap, effective, easy to administer and free from serious side effects.
Culture of deception
Authors: Gregory Gorelik, Todd K. Shackelford
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract We examine the self-deceptive aspects of religion and nationalism. By embracing various religious or political ideals, regardless of their truth, our ancestors could have enhanced their confidence, solidified their social ties, and manipulated their reproductive rivals. This use of culture as one's extended phenotype may increase the spread of misinformation and create global webs of deception and self-deception.
Functional expression and segmental localization of rat colonic K-adenosine triphosphatase.
Authors: J Lee, V M Rajendran, A S Mann, M Kashgarian, H J Binder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

A putative cDNA for the colonic K-ATPase has recently been cloned (Crowson, M.S., and G. E. Shull. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267:13740-13748). Considerable evidence exists that there are two K-ATPases and active K absorptive processes in the rat distal colon: one that is ouabain sensitive and the other ouabain insensitive. The present study used the baculovirus expression system to express K-ATPase activity in insect Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf 9) cells and a polyclonal antibody (M-1), developed against a fusion protein produced from the 327 nucleotide fragment from 5' coding region of the putative K-ATPase cDNA, to identify the specific localization of the K-ATPase protein. K-ATPase activity (28.7 +/- 1.2 nmol inorganic phosphate/mg protein min) was expressed in plasma membranes isolated from Sf 9 cells infected with baculovirus containing recombinant DNA with the putative K-ATPase cDNA. Km for K for the K-ATPase was 1.2 mM. The expressed K-ATPase activity was not inhibited by ouabain (1 mM); while the Ki for vanadate inhibition was 8.3 microM. Western blot analysis with the M-1 antibody identified a 100-kD protein in apical membranes prepared from distal, but not proximal, rat colon. Immunohistochemical studies with M-1 antibody localized K-ATPase only in the apical membrane of surface cells, while an mAb (c464.6) against Na,K-ATPase localized basolateral membranes of both surface and crypt cells of rat distal colon. In conclusion, the putative K-ATPase cDNA encodes an ouabain-insensitive K-ATPase that is present only in the apical membrane of surface cells of rat distal colon.
Smoking and risk of myocardial infarction in women and men: longitudinal population study
Authors: E. Prescott, M. Hippe, P. Schnohr, H. O. Hein, J. Vestbo
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To compare risk of myocardial infarction associated with smoking in men and women, taking into consideration differences in smoking behaviour and a number of potential confounding variables. <b>Design:</b> Prospective cohort study with follow up of myocardial infarction. <b>Setting:</b> Pooled data from three population studies conducted in Copenhagen. <b>Subjects:</b> 11 472 women and 13 191 men followed for a mean of 12.3 years. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> First admission to hospital or death caused by myocardial infarction. <b>Results:</b> 1251 men and 512 women had a myocardial infarction during follow up. Compared with non-smokers, female current smokers had a relative risk of myocardial infarction of 2.24 (range 1.85-2.71) and male smokers 1.43 (1.26-1.62); ratio 1.57 (1.25-1.97). Relative risk of myocardial infarction increased with tobacco consumption in both men and women and was higher in inhalers than in non-inhalers. The risks associated with smoking, measured by both current and accumulated tobacco exposure, were consistently higher in women than in men and did not depend on age. This sex difference was not affected by adjustment for arterial blood pressure, total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, triglyceride concentrations, diabetes, body mass index, height, alcohol intake, physical activity, and level of education. <b>Conclusion</b>: Women may be more sensitive than men to some of the harmful effects of smoking. Interactions between components of smoke and hormonal factors that may be involved in development of ischaemic heart disease should be examined further.
Antibody Against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: G. Hui-yu, R. S. Chang, L. Hua-yi, Y. Zhi-lu, G. Zhong-jen, L. Bi-fu, M. B. Gardner
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has now been reported from several countries in the western Pacific.<sup>1-4</sup>These countries (Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore) have had extensive exchange of visitors with the United States, western Europe, and Australia, where the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is epidemic. In Hong Kong, at least, antihemophiliac factor imported from the United States is also used extensively in the treatment of hemophilia.<sup>4</sup>It is conceivable that HIV infections may have been introduced into the western Pacific region through imported antihemophiliac factor, through sexual contact between maleforeign visitors and male local residents, and through local residents participating in high-risk activities (homosexual contact and use of intravenous recreational drugs) in the United States, western Europe, or Australia. If this theory is correct, one would expect HIV antibody to be absent among persons in the western Pacific who have not been using
Efficacy of an Online Educational Module to Improve Knowledge of Eosinophilic Disorders for Caregivers and Clinicians
Authors: A.S. Lumsdaine, Brett Slajus, Angel Valladeras, Adriana Diaz-Marinelarena, Kelsey Thome, Megan E. Jensen, Harvey L. Leo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Suicide: Practical Diagnostic Clues.
Authors: Mathew Ross
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Suicide: Practical Diagnostic Clues.Mathew Ross, M.D., F.A.C.P.Mathew Ross, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1179_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEvery physician can and should do a good deal more to curb and reduce the shocking and rising suicide rate in the United States. Despite the fact that countless persons who commit suicide are reported under rubrics other than suicide because social, insurance, legal and economic expediencies so dictate, and still others are unrecognized as suicides, official statistics regularly include suicide among the first ten major causes of death.That something has gone very much amiss in the course of the evaluation and management of this very considerable number of persons is quite evident in the light of the following... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1179-1179KeywordsSuicide Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Regional Variation in Medical Care
Authors: Allan S. Detsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

For more than 20 years, investigators have documented substantial variation in the use of medical and surgical procedures, hospital resources, and medications at both the regional and international levels.13 From this research we have learned that the type of medical care that patients receive may depend on where they live. More recently, investigators began to study another type of variation — variation in clinical outcomes such as mortality after cardiac surgery. Once again we have learned that there is substantial variation among regions, hospitals, and even individual physicians.4,5 At first the medical community greeted the reports with indifference . . .
Drug company is censured for offering perks to prescribing nurses
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The drug company AstraZeneca has been censured by the UK drug industry's watchdog for offering nurses excessive hospitality at educational meetings located in luxury hotels.

The watchdog, the Prescription Medicines Code of Practice Authority, ruled that one of the meetings had breached clause 2 of the code of practice, which says that methods of promotion must never bring discredit on or reduce confidence in the pharmaceutical …
Compositional variations in the surface and interface of calcium phosphate ceramic coatings on Ti and Ti-6Al-4V due to sintering and immersion
Authors: C.S. Kim, P. Ducheyne
Journal: Biomaterials (1991)

The compositions of the surface and the interface of calcium phosphate ceramic (CPC) coatings electrophoretically deposited and sintered on titanium or its alloy, were determined by scanning Auger electron spectroscopy before and after 4 wk of immersion in a simulated physiological solution. In the CPC coatingmetal interfaces, the phosphorus diffused beyond the titanium oxide layer. The phosphorus concentration in the interface followed a Gaussian distribution for both unalloyed and alloyed titanium. The diffusion depleted P in the ceramic adjacent to the metal. The surface of the ceramic, however, was substantially unchanged. A major change in the compositional depth profiles was induced by immersion: thick and uniform titanium phosphide layers of constant composition were observed on the Ti-based metal substrates.
Epitopes on the beta subunit of human muscle acetylcholine receptor recognized by CD4+ cells of myasthenia gravis patients and healthy subjects.
Authors: L Moiola, P Karachunski, M P Protti, J F Howard, B M Conti-Tronconi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We investigated the sequence regions of the human muscle acetylcholine receptor (AChR) beta subunit forming epitopes recognized by T helper cells in myasthenia gravis (MG), using overlapping synthetic peptides, 20 residues long, which screened the sequence of the AChR beta subunit. Since CD4+ lymphocytes from MG patients' blood did not respond to the peptides, we attempted propagation of beta subunit-specific T lines from six MG patients and seven healthy controls by cycles of stimulation of blood lymphocytes with the pooled peptides corresponding to the beta subunit sequence. CD4+ T lines were obtained from four patients and three controls. They secreted IL-2, not IL-4, suggesting that they comprised T helper type 1 cells. The T lines from MG patients could be propagated for several months. Three lines were tested with purified bovine muscle AChR and cross-reacted well with this antigen. All T lines were tested with the individual synthetic peptides present in the pool corresponding to the beta subunit sequence. Several beta subunit peptide sequences were recognized. Each line had an individual pattern of peptides recognition, but three sequence regions (peptides beta 181-200, beta 271-290, and the overlapping peptides beta 316-335 and beta 331-350) were recognized by most MG lines. The beta subunit-specific T lines from controls could be propagated for < 5 wk. Each line recognized several peptides, which frequently included the immunodominant regions listed above.
COMBINED TRANYLCYPROMINE-TRIFLUOPERAZINE THERAPY IN NEWLY ADMITTED DEPRESSED PATIENTS
Authors: VIRGINIA E. GROSS-GORTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

To prevent any aggravation of underlying anxiety or agitation during antidepressant therapy, trifluoperazine was given with tranylcypromine to 40 newly admitted depressed patients. Response to therapy was measured by improvement in mood and change in motor activity. Twenty-four patients showed an excellent response and were discharged within one to 3 months after admission. Ten patients showed moderate improvement; 6 had not improved 6 months after admission.
Inverse relationship of leucine flux and oxidation to free fatty acid availability in vivo.
Authors: P Tessari, S L Nissen, J M Miles, M W Haymond
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

To determine the effect of fatty acid availability on leucine metabolism, 14-h fasted dogs were infused with either glycerol or triglyceride plus heparin, and 46-h fasted dogs were infused with either nicotinic acid or nicotinic acid plus triglyceride and heparin. Leucine metabolism was assessed using a simultaneous infusion of L-[4,5-3H]leucine and alpha-[1-14C]ketoisocaproate. Leucine, alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC), and totalleucine carbon (leucine plus KIC) flux and oxidation rates were calculated at steady state. In 14-h fasted animals, infusion of triglyceride and heparin increased plasma free fatty acids (FFA) by 0.7 mM (P less than 0.01) and decreased leucine (P less than 0.01), total leucine carbon flux (P less than 0.02), and oxidation (P less than 0.05). The estimated rate of leucine utilization not accounted for by oxidation and KIC flux decreased, but the changes were not significant. During glycerol infusion, leucine and KIC flux and oxidation did not change. In 46-h fasted dogs, nicotinic acid decreased FFA by 1.0 mM (P less than 0.01) and increased (P less than 0.05) the rate of leucine and total leucine carbon flux, but did not affect KIC flux. Leucine oxidation increased (P less than 0.01) by nearly threefold, whereas nonoxidized leucine utilization decreased. Infusion of triglyceride plus heparin together with nicotinic acid blunted some of the responses observed with nicotinic acid alone. In that changes in oxidation under steady state condition reflect changes in net leucine balance, these data suggest that FFA availability may positively affect the sparing of at least one essential amino acid and may influence whole body protein metabolism.
Therapeutic ratio of inhaled fluticasone
Authors: B. J LIPWORTH;
Journal: Thorax (2000)

The spectrum of nitrofurantoin lung injury continues to widen.The case histories are presented of two patients who developed lung disease associated with the use of nitrofurantoin with histological features of bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP), a rare but recognised form of drug induced injury.The two middle aged women presented with respiratory symptoms after prolonged treatment with nitrofurantoin.Both had impaired lung function and abnormal computed tomographic scans, and their condition improved when nitrofurantoin was withdrawn and corticosteroid treatment commenced.The favourable outcome in these two patients contrasts with the fatal outcome of the two other reported cases of nitrofurantoin induced BOOP.We suggest that the previous classification of nitrofurantoin induced lung injury into "acute" and "chronic" injury is an oversimplification in view of the wide variety of pathological entities that have subsequently emerged.
Rapidly Progressive Diffuse Cystic Lesions as a Radiological Hallmark of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jian Zhang, Yi-Lin Zhao, Ming-Xiang Ye, Gang Sun, Hua Wu, Chang-Gui Wu, Xin-Ling Ren, Wen Jian
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)

A 39-year-old nonsmoking man presented to us with complaints of progressive hoarseness and nonproductive cough. Laboratory examinations revealed elevated serum carcino-embryonic antigen (15.49 ng/ml) and cancer antigen-125 (40.01 U/ml). Chest computed tomography (CT) 1 month earlier showed a 25 × 20 mm central located mass in the left upper lobe and diffused cystic lesions in bilateral lungs (Figure 1). Repeated chest CT scan in our institution showed increased size of the mass at 35 × 30 mm and rapidly enlarged, widespread, disseminated thin-walled cystic lesions in bilateral lungs (Figure 2). Bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial whitish lesion in the left apicoposterior segment bronchus but was otherwise normal. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination of the mass and blind-aspirated lung specimen established the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. The cancer cells were poorly differentiated with a positive reaction to carcino-embryonic antigen, thyroid transcription factor 1, and cytokeratin 7 staining. Positron emission tomography revealed heterogeneous uptake of the mass, cystic lesion, and mediastinal lymph nodes, suggesting intrapulmonary metastasis. His clinical stage was T1N2M1 stage IV and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation test was negative. He underwent cisplatin/gemcitabine chemotherapy for four cycles. The next 3 months follow-up documented significant improvement and the patient was alive and stable.FIGURE 2A, Repeated chest computed tomography after 1 month duration revealed enlarged mass at 35 × 30 mm. B, Rapidly enlarged, widespread, disseminated thin-walled cystic lesions in bilateral lungs.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload (PPT) This report highlights that lung adenocarcinoma might present as multiple cystic lesions on rare occasions.1Lan CC Wu HC Lee CH et al.Lung cancer with unusual presentation as a thin-walled cyst in a young nonsmoker.J Thorac Oncol. 2010; 5: 1481-1482Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (21) Google Scholar It is essential to maintain a high index of suspicion for adenocarcinoma in patients with mediastinal mass and diffused thin-walled cystic lesions as observed in our case.
Clinical Course, Genetic Etiology, and Visual Outcome in Cone and Cone–Rod Dystrophy
Authors: Alberta A.H.J. Thiadens, T. My Lan Phan, Renate C. Zekveld-Vroon, Bart P. Leroy, L. Ingeborgh van den Born, Carel B. Hoyng, Caroline C.W. Klaver, Susanne Roosing, Jan-Willem R. Pott, Mary J. van Schooneveld, Norka van Moll-Ramirez, Maria M. van Genderen, Camiel J.F. Boon, Anneke I. den Hollander, Arthur A.B. Bergen, Elfride De Baere, Frans P.M. Cremers, Andrew J. Lotery
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)