tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"Conovid-E" as an Oral Contraceptive
Authors: D. Pullen
Journal: BMJ (1962)

A clinical trial of Conovid-E (2.5 mg norethynodrel with .1 mg ethinyl estradiol-3-methyl ether) for 1114 woman-months was undertaken.  Results were compared with those of Conovid (5 mg norethynodrel with .075 mg ethinyl estradiol-3-methyl ether).  No pregnancies were reported by patients who used the pills regularly.  Amenorrhea was reported in a small percentage of patients.  8 patients were transferred to the 5 mg tablet after 3-8 cycles with breakthrough bleeding.  2 of the women had breakthrough bleeding even on 10 mg norethynodrel 52% had decreased menstrual loss and 8% noted an increase.  There was no consistent trend in changes of breast tenderness dysmenorrhea premenstrual tension and weight changes.  Isolated incidences of abdominal cramping and change in vaginal discharge were reported.  7 patients developed cervical erosions during the first 5 cycles.  The most frequently complained of side effect was nausea which disappeared after the first 3 cycles.  Ovulatio n and fertility appeared to be unimpaired after cessation of contraception.
Abdominal Pain in a Runner-Reply
Authors: Harvey J. Dworken
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  A number of the comments in this letter, while appropriate to the questions of abdominal pain and diarrhea among runners, miss the particular points of interest in this patient. In the first place, there are no complaints of diarrhea in her history, and, thus, the possibilities of lactase deficiency, parasympathetic tone, and intestinal infestation are not really relevant. Second, episodes of bleeding have not, to my knowledge, been duplicated among other runners. It is this occurrence that makes me suspect the presence of a structural lesion of the bowel, symptoms from which may well have been precipitated by her exertions. Finally, in regard to Meckel's diverticula, it is important to recognize that as many as 45% of symptomatic patients are older than 21 years when their illness first manifests itself. 1,2
Computerized Tomography of the Head
Authors: Hillier L. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1975)

COMPUTERIZED tomography is a recent exciting radiologic innovation for diagnosing intracranial lesions. It was developed by Godfrey N. Hounsfield, a senior research scientist at Central Research Laboratories, EMI, Hayes, Middlesex, England.<sup>1-6</sup>A narrow moving beam of x-rays is passed through the head and attenuation coefficients of small units of brain are plotted by computer as the beam traverses the cross section of the tissue that is scanned. The system, in essence, produces a series of displays of axial tomograms or slices. It is capable of detecting minute alterations in absorption values of the intracranial contents. The clinical usefulness of the instrument has been reported recently by several authors.<sup>7-16</sup> <h3>The Scanner</h3> The basic EMI scanner system includes a scanning unit (containing the x-ray tube and accurately aligned radiation detectors), an x-ray generator and controls, a computer with magnetic disk unit and printer, and cathode-ray tube viewing unit. The
A Modification of Fehling's Solution for Testing for, and Estimating Sugar in Urine
Authors: F. Cresswell
Journal: BMJ (1886)

loid milium, and by Besnier as "colloid degeneration of the skin."Duhrin,g says " the disease is characterised by numerous disseminated, small, )iIL-head sized, discrete, rounded, flat or slightly raised lesions, of a pale or bright lemon colour.They are shining and translucent, and have the appearance of being yellowish vesicles.Their appearance, however, is deceptive, for they are of firm or solid consistence.When pricked with a needle, or opened stufficiently deep to cause bleeding, a whitish, or yellowish, transpareint gelatinous substance may be expressed."He also says that it resembles xanthoma, but the lesions differ in being bright and transluicenit.With this latter remark, I entirely agree.In each of the three cases that I have seen, the lirst glance led me to believe that I had before me a case of xan- thoma, aind suggested.to me the name colloid xanthoma.A careful examination, however, satisfied me that the disease was not xan- thoma, or at all events, that, if the little growths were originally .anthomatous,they hlad undergone, and were undergoing, remarkable changes from their original condition, and quite unlike those usually seen in xanthoma.
Regulation of Treg functionality by acetylation-mediated Foxp3 protein stabilization
Authors: Jorg van Loosdregt, Yvonne Vercoulen, Teun Guichelaar, Yoony Y. J. Gent, Jeffrey M. Beekman, Olivier van Beekum, Arjan B. Brenkman, Dirk-Jan Hijnen, Tuna Mutis, Eric Kalkhoven, Berent J. Prakken, Paul J. Coffer
Journal: Blood (2009)
Myocardial ischemia and infarction: growth of ideas
Authors: R Bing
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

This report reviews the author's involvement in the growth of ideas and basic concepts in myocardial ischemia resulting in the histological changes of myocardial infarction. Concepts arising from the study of myocardial substrate utilization, activation of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase and production of prostacyclin and thromboxane in the infarcted heart are presented. New approaches are discussed dealing with the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on myocardial production of nitric oxide and prostanoids, and with the relevance of the inducible form of cyclooxygenase. The review also records a number of significant similarities between angiogenesis in the ischemic heart and some cancers. Angiogenesis in both instances originates from inflammatory reactions, illustrating how different tissues and organs such as ischemic heart muscle and cancer react to similar pathological stimuli in an identical manner. This multifocal approach opens new concepts on myocardial ischemia and cancer.
Oxygen-Saturation Targets in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Waldemar A. Carlo, Edward F. Bell, Michele C. Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

whites had already scheduled appointments in anticipation of public funding, whereas nonwhites became more aware of the policy change after its implementation.The increasing number of patients seeking treatment for secondary infertility suggests that the availability of funding encouraged them to seek assistance for another pregnancy.We conclude that the change in public health policy for IVF affects the demographic characteristics of patients who attend fertility clinics and provides broader access to fertility treatment to a more diverse patient population.Studies are under way to examine whether these findings are applicable to same-sex couples.
1258 ORAL BIFIDOBACTERIUM ADOLESCENTIS SUPPLEMENTATION ATTENUATES NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH) IN A MOUSE MODEL
Authors: A. Reichold, S. Brenner, A. Spruss, A. Rings, K. Förster-Fromme, I. Bergheim, S.C. Bischoff
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
What investigations and procedures do patients in hospices want? Interview based survey of patients and their nurses
Authors: C. J N Meystre, N. M J Burley, S. Ahmedzai
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Slevin et al reported that patients with cancer were much more likely to opt for chemotherapy with minimal chance of benefit than were their professional carers and people without cancer.1 They also said that attitudes changed dramatically once cancer had been diagnosed. We investigated the attitudes of terminally ill patients in our hospice towards investigations and invasive procedures and compared these with the attitudes of their nurses.

Randomly selected inpatients with advanced cancer at our hospice and their key nurses took part in an interview based survey. Patients were asked about 14 procedures of increasing invasiveness. Travelling was mentioned when necessary. The questions were prefaced by: “If we thought it would help us improve your care would you want…?” Procedures ranged from having temperatures taken to having an operation, and the survey culminated in the question, “If …
Fluid mechanics of a model mitral valve and left ventricle
Authors: B. J. BELLHOUSE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

A model of the left ventricle was built incorporating a mitral and an aortic valve. The bicuspid mitral valve was seen to achieve most of its closure during diastole. This was shown to be due to a ring-vortex occupying the left ventricle together with flow deceleration through the mitral ring during the latter part of diastole. The vortex was asymmetrical in the model, because of the shape of the ventricle, and this caused the anterior cusp to close earlier in diastole than the posterior cusp. Enlargement of the ventricle eliminated the vortex and resulted in later closure of the mitral valve. The effect of atrial systole on valve closure was studied experimentally and theoretically.
Is 99mTc-Urokinase a Useful Agent for Detection of Deep Venous Thrombosis?
Authors: SIRITHORN ASAVAVEKINKUL, I R McDOUGALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Urokinase labeled with 99mTc (as pertechnetate) was tested in vitro and found to be inactive enzymatically when compared to unlabeled urokinase. When dialysed against normal saline 50% of the 99mTc label was dissociated in 1 h. In vivo 99mTc labeled urokinase injected intravenously in mice and rats was rapidly cleared by the kidneys into the urine, nevertheless thyroid and gastric accumulation indicated the presence of free 99mTc. 99mTc urokinase did not specifically label the thrombus in any of the 12 patients with venographically proven deep venous thrombosis. The data indicates that 99mTc-urokinase is unlikely to be a useful scanning agent for deep venous thrombosis.
Morbidity and mortality from heroin dependence. 3. Relation of hepatitis to self-injection techniques.
Authors: T. H. Bewley, O. Ben-Arie, V. Marks
Journal: BMJ (1968)

12 had " other complications."Sixty-seven managed to take drugs illicitly while in hospital.One year later 13 had died, 4 were taking heroin, and 9 another opiate, 19 were in prison in hospital or out of the U.K., and only 15 were otherwise off drugs.We are grateful to the Dangerous Drugs branch of the Home Office, and particularly Mr. H.B. Smear, for help in following up these patients. REPERENCRS
Drug Extravasation in Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: JACOB J. LOKICH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1986Drug Extravasation in Cancer ChemotherapyJACOB J. LOKICH, M.D., CHERIE MOORE, R.N.JACOB J. LOKICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CHERIE MOORE, R.N.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-124_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Reed and colleagues (1) have reported their experience with drug extravasation developing in five of ten patients in whom venous access ports were used for the delivery of dobutamine or cancer chemotherapy. They conclude that use of venous access ports should perhaps be limited to infusions of short duration, defined as less than 1 to 2 hours. Although the mechanism was not detailed in the report, they suggest that the development of extravasation was related to dislodgement of the needle from the access port.We have used venous access devices in 195 patients in whom we placed...References1. REEDNEWMANAPPLEFELDSUTTON WKMF. Drug extravasation as a complication of venous access ports. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:788-90. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LOKICHBOTHEBENOTTIMOORE JAPC. Complications and management of implanted venous access catheters. J Clin Oncol. 1985;3:710-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New England Deaconess Hospital Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTreatment of anthracycline extravasation from centrally inserted venous cathetersManagement of Chemotherapeutic Agent Extravasation and Radiation Therapy Adverse EffectsDexrazoxane for anthracycline extravasationMeasuresPrevention and Management of Antineoplastic Extravasation InjuryCurrent treatment options for catheter-related thrombosisRare complications of vascular access devicesLong-term central venous catheters: Issues for carePrevention of tissue necrosis due to accidental extravasation of cytostatic drugs by a conservative approachImplantable Devices in Patients with Haematological DiseasesConservative Approach to the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced ExtravasationExtravasation of Doxorubicin from Vascular Access DevicesExtravasation management 1 January 1986Volume 104, Issue 1Page: 124-124KeywordsCancer chemotherapyDrug deliveryDrugs Issue Published: 1 January 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Sebaceous Glands
Authors: John S. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

For 23 years, first at Brown University and more recently at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, an interdisciplinary group interested in cutaneous biology has met to discuss varying topics related to the skin. These highly successful symposia, which are led by William Montagna, Ph.D., have been published as bound volumes and more recently as special issues of the Journal of Investigative Dermatology. On three occasions, sebaceous glands have been the topic of discussion, and the proceedings of the 22d symposium, dealing with these cutaneous appendages, have just been published.1 The expansion of knowledge related to the sebaceous glands . . .
Effect of oestrogen treatment on clinical and laboratory manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J W Bijlsma, O Huber-Bruning, J H Thijssen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

The effect of administration of 12.5 micrograms ethinyloestradiol to 10 female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis was investigated in a prospective double blind crossover study. Some improvement during oestrogen treatment was found in 30 m walking time, haemoglobin concentration, and thrombocytosis. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) deteriorated in both periods, but less in the oestrogen period. Grip strength improved during both periods. The number of swollen joints decreased, whereas the joint tenderness score increased during the oestrogen period.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ASSESSMENT OF HISTOPATHOLOGY AFTER 1ST AND 2ND GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANT IN PIG CORONARY MODEL
Authors: Hiranuma Noritoshi, Toshiro Shinke, Gaku Nakazawa, Hiromasa Otake, Daisuke Matsumoto, Takeshi Ijichi, Tsuyoshi Osue, Junya Shite, Ken-ichi Hirata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
AN EXAMINATION OF THE CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OFFERED FOR THE CONCEPT OF DEMENTIA PRÆCOX AS A SPECIFIC DISEASE ENTITY
Authors: Jacob H. Conn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1934)

An examination of the clinico-pathological evidence offered for the concept of dementia præcox as a specific disease entity presents the following conclusions: 1. There are many contradictory opinions expressed on the topic of a uniform anatomical basis to this disorder. There has been no satisfactory correlation made between the so-called classical groups of dementia præcox and specific anatomical findings. 2. The same histopathological findings which are reported as being specific for these groups are also reported as being present in a variety of organic and toxic conditions. 3. There is no uniformity to be found in the various clinical contributions as to what constitutes a dementia præcox reaction. 4. The attempt to group these heterogeneous findings into a specific disease entity comparable to that of general paralysis has proven to be progressively less productive of constructive formulations over a period of 50 years of intensive research.
Ear wax and otitis media in children.
Authors: A Fairey, C B Freer, D Machin
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A study was designed to find the prevalence of ear wax in children aged 3 to 10 years and to test the belief that large amounts of wax are unlikely to be seen when otitis media is present. Roughly a quarter of the children had appreciable amounts of wax, and there was a gradual decline in prevalence with age. The amount of ear wax appeared to decrease when otitis media was present. The results did not support removing wax when assessing children's ears in general practice.
Effect of Synthetic Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH FSH-RH) in Women with Menstrual Disorders
Authors: J. Newton, W. P. Collins
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Synthetic luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) (50 mug) was given intravenously to six women with oligomenorrhoea and to four women with secondary amenorrhoea. Peripheral venous blood was withdrawn at regular intervals over a 24-hour period. The concentrations of LH, FSH, and oestradiol-17beta were determined by radioimmunoassay. In all subjects there was a variable rise in LH (3-16 times the mean basal level): in six a small rise in FSH (two to three times the mean basal level) and in seven a twofold to threefold rise in oestradiol three to eight hours after the rise in gonadotrophins.
Abstract 4291: Functional p38 mitoge-activated protein kinase activity restrains pancreatic cancer growth in vitro and correlates with improved eurvival of pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Yi Zhong, Yoshiki Naito, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Mammalian p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated by a wide range of cellular stresses as well as in response to inflammatory cytokines. However, depending on the cell type, p38 MAPK family members and their isoforms may either suppress or promote growth. Because we recently identified p38 as a differentially expressed protein in pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC), our goal was to clarify its role in this tumor type. Methods: Immunolabeling for phospho-p38 was performed using a rabbit PAb (Cell Signaling). Kaplan Meier survival plots were determined based on p38 labeling intensity. Total protein was extracted from PDAC cell lines and used for Western blot analysis of p38 expression. Functional kinase activity was also determined by the p38 kinase assay. Growth of PDAC cell lines in vitro was determined in the presence or absence of the p38 inhibitors SB202190, SB203580 and SB239063 by MTT assay. Results: Immunolabeling for phospho-p38 in PDAC tissues indicated strong positive expression in 65.06% (54/83) of analyzed cases. p38 overexpression was significantly correlated with prolonged overall survival of these same patients by Kaplan Meier analysis (p=0.0155). By Western blot, phospho-p38 expression was confirmed in a subset of PDAC cell lines, and correlated with functional p38 kinase activity in these same cell lines. Inhibition of p38 MAPK activity using the selective p38 inhibitors SB202190 and SB203580 inhibited starvation and gemcitabine-induced cell death in PDAC cells with high p38 activity compared with vehicle control. By contrast, there was no significant difference in cell growth in PDAC cells without p38 activity when treated with these same p38 inhibitors compared with untreated control cells. Conclusions: Functional p38 MAPK expression restrains cell growth in vitro, and phospho-p38 overexpression in vivo correlates with improved survival of PDAC patients. These studies support the notion that p38 has anti-proliferative or tumor suppressive functions, and that loss of p38 expression prevents cell stress induced sensitization to cell death. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4291. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4291
Blood-Stream Infection Due to<i>Proteus vulgaris</i>and Causing Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Max H. Stein, Elias Gechman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

TWO thousand years ago purpura was recognized as a manifestation of pestilential fevers. Needless to say, since then the analysis of purpuric conditions has made great progress, and thrombocytopenia with purpura has been observed in many infectious states, such as septicemia, typhoid fever, typhus, relapsing fever, tuberculosis, small pox, chicken pox, vaccinia, scarlet fever, measles, rubella and subacute bacterial endocarditis.1 The degree of thrombocytopenia and increased capillary fragility associated with infectious conditions of apparently equal severity depends on the susceptibility of the patient's tissues rather than the intensity of the primary infection.2 The most likely cause of the thrombocytopenia, according . . .
Disabled as a medical student, enabled as a doctor
Authors: Daniel Maughan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

I was involved in a road crash more than three years ago, just after I had completed my second year at the medical school at University College London. The crash resulted in substantial lesions in my right brachial plexus. As you can imagine, the loss of function in my right arm has had, and is having, a considerable effect on my training in medical school.

Needless to say, I have encountered difficulties, but not nearly as many as I expected. Clinical examinations were the first obstacle, but I have found that there are alternative techniques to be used. Some examination techniques I am unable to perform, such as palpation of the kidneys. Thankfully, on occasions when examinations are not possible, pertinent investigations can be requested on the basis of the patient's history alone. The principal restraint on my career is that surgery, and other dexterous specialties, are no longer career options; I am fortunate, therefore, to have interests in areas of medicine other than these.

> I have to explain …
A Novel and Efficient Model of Coronary Artery Ligation and Myocardial Infarction in the Mouse
Authors: Erhe Gao, Yong Hong Lei, Xiying Shang, Z. Maggie Huang, Lin Zuo, Matthieu Boucher, Qian Fan, J. Kurt Chuprun, Xin L. Ma, Walter J. Koch
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Rationale: Coronary artery ligation to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in mice is typically performed by an invasive and time-consuming approach that requires ventilation and chest opening (classic method), often resulting in extensive tissue damage and high mortality. We developed a novel and rapid surgical method to induce MI that does not require ventilation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and comprehensively describe this method and directly compare it to the classic method. Methods and Results: Male C57/B6 mice were grouped into 4 groups: new method MI (MI-N) or sham (S-N) and classic method MI (MI-C) or sham (S-C). In the new method, heart was manually exposed without intubation through a small incision and MI was induced. In the classic method, MI was induced through a ventilated thoracotomy. Similar groups were used in an ischemia/reperfusion injury model. This novel MI procedure is rapid, with an average procedure time of 1.22±0.05 minutes, whereas the classic method requires 23.2±0.6 minutes per procedure. Surgical mortality was 3% in MI-N and 15.9% in MI-C. The rate of arrhythmia was significantly lower in MI-N. The postsurgical levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and myeloperoxidase were lower in new method, indicating less inflammation. Overall, 28-day post-MI survival rate was 68% with MI-N and 48% with MI-C. Importantly, there was no difference in infarct size or post-MI cardiac function between the methods. Conclusions: This new rapid method of MI in mice represents a more efficient and less damaging model of myocardial ischemic injury compared with the classic method.