tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Type 1 Diabetes: Etiology and Treatment
Authors: N. Wilson Rodger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes18 November 2003Type 1 Diabetes: Etiology and TreatmentN. Wilson Rodger, MDN. Wilson Rodger, MDFrom University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-10-200311180-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Sperling MA, ed. 591 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 2003. $165.00. ISBN 0896039315. Order phone 973-256-1699.Field of medicine: Type 1 diabetes mellitus.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Endocrinologists, internists, pediatricians, and clinical trainees in these disciplines; scientists establishing a contextual basis for research; and those who give academic seminars.Purpose: To fuse contemporary basic and clinical investigation with practical issues (such as advances in technology) as a resource to those who research and practice in type 1 diabetes.Content: This book extends P. Michael Conn's ambitious Contemporary Endocrinology series. Sperling, an eminent pediatric endocrinologist, has arranged the 29 chapters into ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 November 2003Volume 139, Issue 10Page: 874KeywordsEtiologyGeneticsGlucoseHypoglycemiaInsulinInsulin secretionNutritionScientistsSoftware toolsType 1 diabetes ePublished: 18 November 2003 Issue Published: 18 November 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Participants' Reaction to Amniocentesis and Prenatal Genetic Studies
Authors: Sara C. Finley
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Little is known about the effect of amniocentesis and prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease on couples undergoing such studies. A questionnaire was composed to evaluate, among other things, the reason for referral, attitudes and concerns of the pregnant woman and her husband toward prenatal study, and suggestions for improving the experience. Of 315 women referred to this unit for this purpose, 196 have had time to complete their pregnancy and were mailed the questionnaire; 157 (80%) of the latter responded. The majority of the women found the experience reassuring, would recommend it to others, and would seek it again themselves with a subsequent pregnancy.
The Harstad injury prevention study: the epidemiology of sports injuries. An 8 year study.
Authors: B Ytterstad
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE--To describe the epidemiology of sports injuries occurring in a community during 8 years and to evaluate the outcome of an intervention implemented against injuries occurring in downhill skiing. METHODS--Hospital treated sports injuries occurring in Harstad, Norway (population 22 600) were recorded prospectively during an 8 year period. A prevention programme targeting downhill skiing injuries was evaluated. RESULTS--2234 sports injuries accounted for 17.2% of recorded unintentional injuries. Two out of three injuries occurred in team sports. Soccer accounted for 44.8% of all sports injuries. Downhill skiing injuries had higher mean score on the abbreviated injury scale than all other sports analysed combined (P &lt; 0.01). Postintervention injury rates for downhill skiing were reduced by 15% when adjusting for exposure (P = 0.24). Further observations are needed for assessing the effectiveness of the downhill skiing safety programme. CONCLUSIONS--Strategies for future sports injury prevention include community involvement, particularly sports organisations. Local data analysis seems to justify some priorities, for example, promotion of helmet use in downhill skiing for young adolescents and prevention of lower limb fractures in male soccer players 15+ years old. Prospective hospital recording of injuries provides a tool for the design and outcome evaluation of sports injury intervention research.
Immunological studies in a patient with ulcerative colitis and sarcoidosis
Authors: D. W. Watson, H. M. Friedman, A. Quigley
Journal: Gut (1971)

This report describes a patient with both ulcerative colitis and sarcoidosis. This association is of interest because of the anergy for cellular immunity which was characteristic of the sarcoidosis and the cytotoxic effect of the patient's lymphocytes for allogenic colon epithelial cells which characterized the ulcerative colitis. This concordance of immunological findings suggests that the cytotoxic effect may have a basis other than cellular immunity.
The link between rotavirus vaccination and intussusception: implications for vaccine strategies
Authors: C M Cale
Journal: Gut (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Lymphatic vessels have recently been shown to effectively deliver immune modulatory therapies to the lymph nodes, which enhances their therapeutic efficacy. Prior work has shown that lymphatics transport 10–250 nm nanoparticles from peripheral tissues to the lymph node. However, the surface chemistry required to maximize this transport is poorly understood. Here, we determined the effect of surface poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) density and size on nanoparticle transport across lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) by differentially PEGylated model polystyrene nanoparticles. Using an established <i>in-vitro</i> lymphatic transport model, we found PEGylation improved the transport of 100 and 40 nm nanoparticles across LECs 50-fold compared to the unmodified nanoparticles and that transport is maximized when the PEG is in a dense brush conformation or high grafting density (R<sub>f</sub>/D = 4.9). We also determined that these trends are not size-dependent. PEGylating 40 nm nanoparticles improved transport efficiency across LECs 68-fold compared to unmodified nanoparticles. We also found that PEGylated 100 nm and 40 nm nanoparticles accumulate in lymph nodes within 4 hours after intradermal injection, while unmodified nanoparticles accumulated minimally. Dense PEGylation also led nanoparticles to travel the furthest distance from the injection site. Finally, we determined that nanoparticles are transported via both paracellular and transcellular mechanisms, and that PEG conformation modulates the cellular transport mechanisms. Our results suggest that PEG conformation is crucial to maximize nanoparticle transport across LECs and into lymphatic vessels, making PEG density a crucial design. Optimizing PEG density on nanoparticle formulations has the potential to enhance immunotherapeutic and vaccine outcomes.
AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR COUNTING BLOOD PLATELETS
Authors: H. Maynard Rees
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The essentials of a good method for platelet counting are: (1) an efficient anticoagulant; (2) absence of contact between the undiluted blood and any instrument; (3) preservation and fixation of red blood corpuscles; (4) low specific gravity of diluting solution, and (5) a dye that will readily stain the platelets. To these five might be added a sixth, in case the method is for clinical use; namely, that the solution must be reasonably easy to prepare, and must be stable. The solutions recommended by Pratt,<sup>1</sup>Wright and Kinnicutt,<sup>2</sup>Buckman and Hallisey,<sup>3</sup>Bizzozero<sup>4</sup>(osmic acid anticoagulant, found unsatisfactory by Kemp, Calhoun and Harris<sup>5</sup>) were all found to present features that made satisfactory counts doubtful. After experimenting with the anticoagulants of the foregoing methods, we reached the conclusion that sodium citrate is by far the most efficient in preventing clumping of the platelets. The use of the
Active Adenoviral Vascular Penetration by Targeted Formation of Heterocellular Endothelial–epithelial Syncytia
Authors: Hannah H Chen, Ryan Cawood, Yasser El-Sherbini, Laura Purdie, Miriam Bazan-Peregrino, Leonard W Seymour, Robert C Carlisle
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

The endothelium imposes a structural barrier to the extravasation of systemically delivered oncolytic adenovirus (Ad). Here, we introduced a transendothelial route of delivery in order to increase tumor accumulation of virus particles (vp) beyond that resulting from convection-dependent extravasation alone. This was achieved by engineering an Ad encoding a syncytium-forming protein, gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV) fusogenic membrane glycoprotein (FMG). The expression of GALV was regulated by a hybrid viral enhancer-human promoter construct comprising the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate-early enhancer and the minimal human endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase promoter ("eTie1"). Endothelial cell-selectivity of the resulting Ad-eTie1-GALV vector was demonstrated by measuring GALV mRNA transcript levels. Furthermore, Ad-eTie1-GALV selectively induced fusion between infected endothelial cells and uninfected epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo, allowing transendothelial virus penetration. Heterofusion of infected endothelium to human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells, in mixed in vitro cultures or in murine xenograft models, permitted fusion-dependent transactivation of the replication-deficient Ad-eTie1-GALV, due to enabled access to viral E1 proteins derived from the HEK 293 cytoplasm. These data provide evidence to support our proposed use of GALV to promote Ad penetration through tumor-associated vasculature, an approach that may substantially improve the efficiency of systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses to disseminated tumors.
miR-34b/miR-34c: a regulator of TCL1 expression in 11q− chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?
Authors: B Cardinaud, C Moreilhon, B Marcet, K Robbe-Sermesant, K LeBrigand, B Mari, V Eclache, F Cymbalista, S Raynaud, P Barbry
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Earlier End Points Sought for Clinical Trials
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Earlier End Points Sought for Clinical Trials Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 3, 7 February 1990, Page 172, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.3.172 Published: 07 February 1990
Associations of Gestational Weight Gain With Offspring Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure at 21 Years of Age
Authors: Abdullah A. Mamun, Michael O'Callaghan, Leonie Callaway, Gail Williams, Jake Najman, Debbie A. Lawlor
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Maternal weight gain in pregnancy is positively associated with offspring body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk in childhood, but whether this increased risk extends into adulthood or results in increases in other cardiovascular risk factors such as elevated blood pressure (BP) is unclear.We used a population-based birth cohort of 2432 individuals (50% male) born in Brisbane, Australia, between 1981 and 1983 to prospectively examine the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and offspring BMI and BP at 21 years. On average, each mother gained 14.8 kg (SD, 5.1 kg) during her pregnancy. At 21 years of age, offspring mean BMI, systolic BP, and diastolic BP were 24.2 kg/m(2) (SD, 4.9 kg/m(2)), 116.4 mm Hg (SD, 14.5 mm Hg), and 67.7 mm Hg (SD, 8.5 mm Hg), respectively. Offspring BMI was on average 0.3 kg/m(2) (95% confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.4 kg/m(2)) higher for each 0.1-kg/wk greater GWG after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Systolic BP also was greater (0.2 mm Hg per 0.1 kg; 95% confidence interval, -0.2 to 0.6) in offspring whose mothers had higher GWG. Although this association was not statistically significant, it was consistent in magnitude with the association of maternal GWG with offspring BMI and of offspring BMI with BP.Our findings show that greater GWG is associated with greater offspring BMI into early adulthood and that this may translate into higher systolic BP in offspring. Further large studies are required to confirm an effect of GWG on a range of offspring cardiovascular risk factors.
Interleukin-31 is associated with uremic pruritus in patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Mei-Ju Ko, Yu-Sen Peng, Hung-Yuan Chen, Shih-Ping Hsu, Mei-Fen Pai, Ju-Yeh Yang, Su-Ying Wen, Shiou-Hwa Jee, Hon-Yen Wu, Hsien-Ching Chiu
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
The Effects of Anæsthetics Modified by Altitudes.
Authors: M. H. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The case which I desire to report caused much unfavorable comment in the community where it occurred, namely, one of the high mountain cities of Colorado—elevation 10,000 feet. Surgeons use chloroform at these extreme elevations almost exclusively. For some occult reason ether, or any of the anæsthetic mixtures do not act well, and are considered by common professional consent dangerous; not because they have frequently produced death, but because of the enormous quantity necessary to produce anæsthesia. For this reason chloroform, which causes complete insensibility very speedily, and in small quantity, is mostly used. On January 18 of the present year a man of 37 years of age was placed under the influence of chloroform for operation for organic urethral stricture in the spongy urethra. The stricture was of small calibre and the individual had had several attacks of retention following debauches. In the course of the
Immunotherapy for Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: James C. Yang, Richard Childs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

For eligible patients, the value of immunotherapy for metastatic clear-cell renal cancer is its curative potential, as demonstrated by long-term follow-up after interleukin-2. Advances in cellular therapies, manipulation of activating and inhibitory receptors on T cells and modification of allotransplantation regimens have all produced new tumor regressions in patients who did not respond to conventional interleukin-2 regimens. It is clear that renal cancer remains one of the most immunoresponsive of human malignancies and that advances in immune modulation are again translating into clinical responses for patients with this disease. As the array of biologic therapies for renal cancer expands with the approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, the only modality that can cure widespread renal cancer, must not be overlooked.
Nitrate tolerance: the lack of effect of N-acetylcysteine.
Authors: J O Parker, B Farrell, K A Lahey, B F Rose
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The hemodynamic and antianginal effects of 30 mg of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) were assessed in 12 patients with chronic stable angina after initial dosing and after 7 to 10 days of therapy four times daily. During early therapy, ISDN produced significant hemodynamic and antianginal effects that persisted over a 3 hr observation period. During sustained therapy there was attenuation of the hemodynamic effects at rest, and treadmill exercise time to the onset of angina and to the development of moderate angina was increased 1 hr after dosing; no effect was apparent at 3 hr. During this state of nitrate tolerance, patients were treated with an infusion of normal saline or 100 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine and exercise testing was repeated. N-Acetylcysteine did not change the hemodynamic findings at rest or during exercise and there was no improvement in exercise tolerance. It is apparent that the short-term administration of reduced sulfhydryl groups does not reverse tolerance to the hemodynamic and antianginal effects of isosorbide dinitrate in an exercise test model.
Depression Care Effort Brings Dramatic Drop in Large HMO Population’s Suicide Rate
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1399: NRF2 mutations are frequent in early rat preneoplastic hepatic lesions and in human hepatocellular carcinomas positive for the stem/progenitor cell marker KRT-19
Authors: Patrizia Zavattari, Andrea Perra, Marta A. Kowalik, Maddalena M. Angioni, Silvia Menegon, Annalisa Petrelli, Luca Quagliata, Giovanna M. Ledda-Columbano, Luigi Terraciano, Silvia Giordano, Amedeo Columbano
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multistage process but the nature of the molecular changes associated to the different steps, particularly the very early steps, is largely unknown. Recently, we have shown that activation of the Keap-1-NRF2 pathway is a very early event in the Resistant-Hepatocyte (R-H) rat model of hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting that dysregulation of this pathway may have a causal role in HCC development. The aim of the present study was to investigate by Sanger fluorescence-based sequence analysis whether and when NRF2 mutations could occur in this experimental model. The results showed that mutations of NRF2 are extremely frequent (17/19; 90%) in early preneoplastic lesions positive for the stem/progenitor cell marker KRT-19, which are considered to be the precursor cell population of HCC in this model. Notably, all the mutations were missense and involved the Keap1-NRF2 binding regions. Mutations of Keap-1 were more rare and were found only in preneoplastic lesions lacking NRF2 mutations (10%). KRT-19 positive HCCs arising 1 year later also showed a high percentage of NRF2 mutation (&amp;gt; 50%), suggesting that mutation of this gene provides a selective advantage towards progression to HCC. Finally, preliminary studies in a subset of KRT-19 positive human HCCs, which are known to exhibit the worse prognosis, showed the presence of NRF2 mutations in a very high percentage (55%) of tumors. On the opposite, no mutations were detected in KRT-19 negative human HCCs. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that mutations of NRF2 are highly frequent in a subset of human HCCs (KRT-19+) characterized by poor prognosis. Moreover, the findings stemming from the multistage carcinogenic rat model demonstrate that NRF2 mutation is a very early event, suggesting that dysregulation of the NRF2-Keap1 pathway is likely essential for the clonal expansion of KRT-19+ preneoplastic hepatocytes to HCC. Citation Format: Patrizia Zavattari, Andrea Perra, Marta A. Kowalik, Maddalena M. Angioni, Silvia Menegon, Annalisa Petrelli, Luca Quagliata, Giovanna M. Ledda-Columbano, Luigi Terraciano, Silvia Giordano, Amedeo Columbano. NRF2 mutations are frequent in early rat preneoplastic hepatic lesions and in human hepatocellular carcinomas positive for the stem/progenitor cell marker KRT-19. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1399. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1399
Letter: Methysergide ineffective in spasticity.
Authors: G M Yuill
Journal: BMJ (1976)

45was systematically covered largely accounts for the fall now occurring in the number of cases of cervical cancer in Aberdeen.In the interests of economy, and in the light of our knowledge of the high-risk groups, should the taking of smears not become part of all routine antenatal care?The majority of cases would then be detected before the high-risk patient had finished childbearing.Twenty years later a fall in the incidence of the disease could be predicted, a fall which will never happen if only the well women offering themselves for screening and rescreening are covered.
Immune Complex Nephropathy in Schistosomiasis
Authors: HORACIO A. FALCÃO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

In a patient with chronic hepatosplenic schistosomiasis a segmental sclerosing nephropathy led to terminal renal failure. The demonstration of glomerular capillary deposition of immunoglobulin and complement with electron dense deposits and lucent deformities of the glomerular basement membrane and the presence of antischistosome adult worm antibody in serum suggested that this was an example of immune complex nephropathy. Successful renal transplantation followed by niridazole treatment of the schistosomiasis induced a transient relapse of renal dysfunction with proteinuria and a fall in serum complement. The pathogenic schistosomal adult worm antigen was identified by immunofluorescence in the mesangium of the transplant; complement and immunoglobulin were present also in that site.
Grading the New US Preventive Services Task Force Prostate Cancer Screening Recommendation
Authors: Robert J. Volk, Andrew M. D. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FORCIBLE STRAIGHTENING OF SPINAL CURVATURES DURING COMPLETE ANESTHESIA.
Authors: JOHN RIDLON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

So much has been published during the past two years in the continental medical journals and in the daily newspapers about the new French method of treating Pott's disease that we feel warranted in briefly narrating the facts and in critically discussing this new surgical procedure. Spinal curvatures are, broadly speaking, of four kinds: 1, simple posterior curvatures; 2, anterior curvatures; 3, lateral curvatures; and 4, the posterior curves or angles of spinal caries. As to the first class of simple posterior curvatures, or the ordinary round shoulders most frequently seen in adolescence and old age, and the posterior curvatures of rachitic infants, nothing so far as I know has been attempted in the way of immediate and forcible straightening under anesthesia. As to the anterior curvatures, again nothing has been attempted. Indeed cases of this class are seldom met with even by orthopedic surgeons of large experience, and their