tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of Computer Simulation on Diabetes Research and Practice
Authors: Richard N Bergman, Thomas A Buchanan
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Impact of Computer Simulation on Diabetes Research and PracticeDiabetes is usually delineated by a simple measurement-the blood glucose concentration.The simplicity of this diagnosis belies a complex disease that involves many organ systems and can be affected by various internal and environmental factors.In treating diabetes, clinicians must consider all of these factors simultaneously and then prescribe therapies that may involve insulin, sulfonylureas, and life-style adaptations to minimize hyperglycemia while avoiding hypoglycemia.Because of the complexity of blood glucose regulation, it is clearly a great art to balance all factors that affect blood glucose and optimize diabetes therapy.Like many arts, the management of diabetes may require years to master and may be difficult to teach to others.Objective methods for analyzing factors that regulate blood glucose should facilitate the implementation and teaching of diabetes management by transforming the art into a series of objective, well-defined, and reproducible rules.Mathematics has long been used to predict the behavior of complex systems when human intuition is inadequate or too imprecise for the task.The availability of the computer has greatly increased our ability to make such predictions.Everyone is aware of the use of digital computers to predict the weather, the path of rockets,
METEOROLOGY OF 1854
Authors: J. A. Hingeston
Journal: BMJ (1855)

Is saying that the meteorology of the past year was extra- ordinary, I am only repeating what has alreadcy been testified to by the returns of the Registrar-General, the reports of Mr. Glaisher, and the observations of Mr. Lowe of Highfield.I shall bring into one view the remarks of these gentlemen, coupled with some observations of my own.About the 11th of December, 1853, a severe frost with a fall of snow set in, and continued till the 6th of January, 1854.It began with a fog so dense, that in Manchester and London some loss of life was occasioned by it.The 2nd and 3rd of January were said to be the coldest days on record for the last eighty-five years; it was 6' below zero,
Outcomes After Anatomic Repair for D-Transposition of the Great Arteries With Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction
Authors: Sitaram M. Emani, Rebecca Beroukhim, David Zurakowski, Frank A. Pigula, John E. Mayer, Pedro J. del Nido, Tal Geva, Emile A. Bacha
Journal: Circulation (2009)

D-transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be treated with arterial switch operation (ASO) with or without LVOT intervention, as well as non-ASO anatomic repairs, such as aortic translocation or Rastelli procedure. We evaluated midterm results of repair for TGA/LVOTO at our institution.Eighty-eight patients with TGA/LVOTO who underwent anatomic repair were retrospectively reviewed. LVOTO was defined as pulmonary valve (PV) z-score < or =-2.0 or LVOT gradient > or =20 mm Hg in the presence of anatomic subvalvar stenosis. Risk factors for LVOT reintervention were determined by logistic regression. There was no hospital mortality and 1 late mortality. Patients undergoing Rastelli procedure were more likely to require surgical reintervention for LVOTO compared to the other groups (P=0.015). Patients undergoing ASO alone had a higher rate of late LVOT reintervention compared to those who had concomitant ASO/LVOT intervention (P=NS). In those undergoing Rastelli, a larger PV z-score was a predictor of LVOT reintervention (P=0.012). PV z-scores significantly decreased before repair in patients undergoing delayed repair (P=0.005); however, they increased significantly after neonatal ASO (P<0.001).Patients with TGA/LVOTO who undergo Rastelli repair have a high rate of LVOT reintervention. Higher preoperative PV z-score is a risk factor for reintervention in this group. Patients with mild/moderate LVOTO undergoing ASO alone without LVOT intervention may have an increased risk of LVOT reintervention. In neonates who are candidates for ASO, delay of repair is associated with diminution in size of PV, which may subsequently reduce their suitability for ASO.
Conjunctival Viral Papilloma
Authors: Wasee Tulvatana, Kittisak Kulvichit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A healthy 9-year-old boy had a 1-year history of an itchy right eye with frequent tearing. Small masses that gradually developed in the right caruncula lacrimalis area were associated with intermittent, spontaneous minor bleeding. The ophthalmic examination showed diffuse, multifocal small nodules with papillomatous growth and vascular fronds. The upper and lower tarsal conjunctiva was also involved (Panel A). No warts were noted on the remainder of the physical examination. A histopathological examination of the ocular lesion revealed acanthotic conjunctival epithelial growth in a fingerlike pattern with central fibrovascular cores (Panel B). Koilocytosis, a nuclear pyknosis with cytoplasmic clearing, was . . .
RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN 347 PAINFUL SHOULDERS
Authors: J. F. Brailsford
Journal: BMJ (1929)

BCat* of disease and{l in -non-febrile coiuditions.Althtolgh mlany excellenit clinical results have beeni obtainie(l )y valrious clinicians, the experimental evidence obtainiedI fr'oIml the observationis of the immuniiiiiiity of the skin followling irradia- tiOnl a(l the stully of the hacemobactericidal respolnse to ligiti suggests that overdosage, and(i excessive exposule huave bken frequent.The application of anl erythemilia (lose of rays r'einders tlhe-irradiated area.imiiinuiime to further reactionl for three ol fouir (lays; this is duLe to the protective screeni- inig actioni of the exu;dates in the inter-epi(lerlnal tissues.Durinig the stages prior to desquanmationi the skin is still imunuslie to ra(h-iationi, since the dea(d epidernial cells screen off the biolog,ical active rays.Dm'iing desqut.amationi the explosedl epidermal tissuie is hypersensitive to liglht, and an irrlleguflar action resuilts, demnonstrati og imninne an(l lhyper- senisitive areas.Froimi these observations it seems right that a period of ten to fourteen-days sliouhli elapse betweeln thle exposur-es of anyv gienai areas of skiin.In this way tlle skin can he kept seilsitive to uiltr-a-violet rays for:a lon, l)eriod, anid excessive, lheatingy of-the body by proloiige(l e)xposure is avoidedl.The Fin.seii Lighit lniistitute at Coplodiagen claims as good results as Rollier obtainis witlh o'pen air and snllglight.Thie possible orrors of the techiiiquie withi uIltr-a-violet rays withl ,short-flamed a,ires are: (1) Tlhe area of skini expostd is too big. (2)The skin is renider-ed immultniie to iultra-violet lay'S.(3) The body is overheated by prolonged 'xp)O.surifes.(4) rt is utnsuiitable for febrile diseases.( 5) it is laboriouls and expensiv-e.Fr-om these observations I lhave adoptedl a. s,pecial teclh- i-iqne of general tie atm-ienit witlh lamps emitting iultra-violet rals slhor-ter tlhan 2,970 A.-U., whlicll I have-c-alled " slhort ray " therapy.1. Tlhe souice of light is a quartz miercury va.potir lamiiip, and at later stages, wvhen pigmenitationi lhas develop)e(l, aicz+t1,d-cored
Localization of Tritiated Digoxin in Dog Myocardium by Electron Microscopic Autoradiography
Authors: F. EUGENE TUBBS, LAMAR CREVASSE, MYRON W. WHEAT
Journal: Circulation Research (1964)

Five mongrel dogs were given 0.08 mg/kg of tritiated digoxin over a 24-hour period. Left ventricular myocardium was excised and subsequently fixed, dehydrated, and embedded in Epon 812 epoxy resin. Tissue was sectioned and coated with a monolayer of photographic nuclear emulsion and exposed for varying time intervals up to three months. After development these autoradiographs were viewed with the electron microscope. It was found that of the total number of nuclear tracks counted, 75% were found to overlie the sarcomere of the myofibril, 27% to overlie the mitochondria, and 8% to overlie other structures. Of those tracks associated with the sarcomere, 72% were found to overlie the A band. Evaluation of the data obtained and the techniques used are presented.
Dissection of the association status of two polymorphisms in the β-globin gene cluster with variations in F-cell number in non-anemic individuals
Authors: Taha Merghoub, Bruno Perichon, Micheline Maier-Redelsperger, Salvatore Pietro Dibenedetto, Piera Samperi, Rolande Ducrocq, Nicole Feingold, Jacques Elion, Gino Schiliro, Dominique Labie, Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Expression of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) is under polygenic control involving determinants both linked and unlinked to the β-globin gene cluster on chromosome 11. Variations in the DNase I-hypersensitive site 2 of the locus control region (LCR-HS2) and a C → T change at position −158 from the Gγ-gene (detected as an XmnI polymorphism) correlate with the high level of Hb F expression in patients with sickle-cell anemia and β-thalassemia. Interpretation of data under these conditions of anemic stress is difficult because the preferential survival of Hb F-containing erythrocytes (F-cells) may not reflect the true status of Hb F expression. We investigated the relationship between these markers and Hb F expression in terms of F-cell levels in 48 unrelated non-anemic AS heterozygotes from Sicily. The βS-chromosome of all these individuals was of the Benin haplotype and they differed only by their βA chromosomes. We demonstrate that F-cell expression is more strongly associated with LCR-HS2 polymorphism than with XmnI polymorphism. The observed association between XmnI polymorphism and Hb F expression is very likely to be due to linkage disequilibrium with LCR-HS2 sequences. Am. J. Hematol. 56:239–243, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Nature of Adverse Events in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Lucian L. Leape, Troyen A. Brennan, Nan Laird, Ann G. Lawthers, A. Russell Localio, Benjamin A. Barnes, Liesi Hebert, Joseph P. Newhouse, Paul C. Weiler, Howard Hiatt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In a sample of 30,195 randomly selected hospital records, we identified 1133 patients (3.7 percent) with disabling injuries caused by medical treatment. We report here an analysis of these adverse events and their relation to error, negligence, and disability.
Can fluid and general intelligence be differentiated in an older adult population?
Authors: Nancy A. Zook, Deana B. Davalos
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

The question of whether fluid intelligence can be differentiated from general intelligence in older adults is addressed. Data indicate that the developmental pattern of performance on fluid tasks differs from the pattern of general intelligence. These results suggest that it is important to identify changes in fluid cognitive functions associated with frontal lobe decline, as they may be early indicators of cognitive decline.
Hepatitis C disease severity in living versus deceased donor liver transplant recipients: An extended observation study
Authors: Norah A. Terrault, Todd R. Stravitz, Anna S.F. Lok, Greg T. Everson, Robert S. Brown, Laura M. Kulik, Kim M. Olthoff, Sammy Saab, Ovedele Adeyi, Curtis K. Argo, Jay E. Everhart, Del R. Rodrigo
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Donor factors influence hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease severity in liver transplant (LT) recipients. Living donors, because they are typically young and have short cold ischemic times, may be advantageous for HCV-infected patients. Among HCV-infected patients in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study (A2ALL) surviving &gt;90 days and followed for a median 4.7 years, advanced fibrosis (Ishak stage ≥3) and graft loss were determined. The 5-year cumulative risk of advanced fibrosis was 44% and 37% in living donor LT (LDLT) and deceased donor LT (DDLT) patients ( P = 0.16), respectively. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity at LT (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38 for doubling of AST, P = 0.005) and biliary strictures (HR = 2.68, P = 0.0001) were associated with advanced fibrosis, but LDLT was not (HR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-1.69, P = 0.63). The 5-year unadjusted patient and graft survival probabilities were 79% and 78% in LDLT, and 77% and 75% in DDLT ( P = 0.43 and 0.32), with 27% and 20% of LDLT and DDLT graft losses due to HCV ( P = 0.45). Biliary strictures (HR = 2.25, P = 0.0006), creatinine at LT (HR = 1.74 for doubling of creatinine, P = 0.0004), and AST at LT (HR = 1.36 for doubling of AST, P = 0.004) were associated with graft loss, but LDLT was not (HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.49-1.18, P = 0.23). Conclusion : Donor type does not affect the probability of advanced fibrosis or patient and graft survival in HCV-infected recipients. Thus, while LDLT offers the advantage of shorter wait times, there is no apparent benefit for HCV disease progression. Biliary strictures have a negative effect on HCV fibrosis severity and graft survival, and a high AST at LT may be an important predictor of fibrosis risk post-LT. (HEPATOLOGY 2014;59:1311-1319)
Syringe exchange schemes for drug users in England and Scotland
Authors: G. V Stimson, L. Alldritt, K. Dolan, M. Donoghoe
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In 1987 experimental schemes for distributing injecting equipment to intravenous drug users to help prevent the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus were started by the government. After six months the schemes were found to have been reasonably successful in attracting clients but were less successful in keeping them. It has been shown that equipment can be distributed to drug users on an exchange basis. Many of the clients who were attracted to these schemes had had no treatment or other help for their drug problems.
Letter: Acute calf swelling.
Authors: D Gibbons, M Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Acute Calf Swelling SIR,-Dr.B. Thalayasingam and others (21 December, p. 719) point out that acute synovial rupture of the knee joint may cause an acute swelling of the calf which closely mimics deep vein thrombosis.They add that this condition is underdiagnosed and blame in part its poor documentation in the general medical literature.However, there may be a further reason for its underdiagnosis.We have recently described a patient who presented with an acute swelling of the calf.'This was diagnosed as due to a deep vein thrombosis and the diagnosis was apparently confirmed by the elevated uptake of '5I-radiofibrinogen measured over the affected area.During treatment with heparin he developed a haematoma of the calf, and the true diagnosis of ruptured synovium of the knee joint was then established by arthrography.The false positive result of the radiofibrinogen test was probably due to the radioactive material in blood and synovial fluid trucking down into the muscles of the calf.125I-radiofibrinogen uptake is an estab- lished test for deep vein thrombosis.2If such false positive results were common, this would contribute to the widespread underdiagnosis of acute synovial rupture of the knee joint.-Weare, etc.,
Relationship Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Atherosclerotic Disease Burden Measured by Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: Stephen J. Nicholls, E. Murat Tuzcu, Tim Crowe, Ilke Sipahi, Paul Schoenhagen, Samir Kapadia, Stanley L. Hazen, Chuan-Chuan Wun, Michele Norton, Fady Ntanios, Steven E. Nissen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
ORCHITIS DUE TO MUMPS WITHOUT INVOLVEMENT OF THE PAROTID GLANDS
Authors: WALTER D. BIEBERBACH
Journal: JAMA (1933)

ABSTRACT Orchitis occurring in infectious diseases is relatively common. Cases have been frequently reported in medical literature of acute inflammatory changes in the testicles complicating typhoid, paratyphoid, smallpox, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, diphtheria and other contagious and infectious diseases. Probably one of the most frequent infectious diseases in which the testicle is involved is mumps. Some writers have mentioned that the complication occurs once in every three cases, while others have observed a change in either the right or the left testicle in about 18 per cent. Of the cases affected, subsequently 55 per cent were followed by atrophy of either one or the other testicle. Following a rather sudden elevation of temperature, within a day or two there is pain below and in front of the ear with stiffness at the angle of the jaw and involvement of the parotid and other salivary glands. Within a period of about eight days,
Absence of STAT1 in donor-derived plasmacytoid dendritic cells results in increased STAT3 and attenuates murine GVHD
Authors: Christian M. Capitini, Nicole M. Nasholm, Christopher D. Chien, Shannon M. Larabee, Haiying Qin, Young K. Song, Peter J. Klover, Lothar Hennighausen, Javed Khan, Terry J. Fry
Journal: Blood (2014)
Neutropenia during allopurinol treatment in total therapeutic starvation.
Authors: I N Scobie, A C MacCuish, C M Kesson, I R McNeil
Journal: BMJ (1980)

values in the premenstrual phase may result in symptoms of water retention.Treatment should, therefore, be aimed at preventing both the natriuretic effect of progesterone in the postovulatory phase and the sodium-retaining and water- retaining effects of aldosterone in the premenstrual phase.
Validity of Meta-analysis in Diabetes: We Need to Be Aware of Its Limitations
Authors: Philip D. Home
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

To deliver high-quality clinical care to patients with diabetes and other chronic conditions, clinicians must understand the evidence available from studies that have been performed to address important clinical management questions. In an evidence-based approach to clinical care, the evidence from clinical research should be integrated with clinical expertise, pathophysiological knowledge, and an understanding of patient values. As such, in an effort to provide information from many studies, the publication of diabetes meta-analyses has increased markedly in the recent past, using either observational or clinical trial data. In this regard, guidelines have been developed to direct the performance of meta-analysis to provide consistency among contributions. Thus, when done appropriately, meta-analysis can provide estimates from clinically and statistically homogeneous but underpowered studies and is useful in supporting clinical decisions, guidelines, and cost-effectiveness analysis. However, often these conditions are not met, the data considered are unreliable, and the results should not be assumed to be any more valid than the data underlying the included studies. To provide an understanding of both sides of the argument, we provide a discussion of this topic as part of this two-part point-counterpoint narrative. In the point narrative as presented below, Dr. Home provides his opinion and review of the data to date showing that we need to carefully evaluate meta-analyses and to learn what results are reliable. In the counterpoint narrative following Dr. Home’s contribution, Drs. Golden and Bass emphasize that an effective system exists to guide meta-analysis and that rigorously conducted, high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses are an indispensable tool in evidence synthesis despite their limitations. —William T. Cefalu, MD Editor in Chief, Diabetes Care
SOLUBLE THROMBOMODULIN REDUCES ENDOTHELIAL CELL APOPTOSIS BY ACTIVATION OF THE PI3 KINASE-AKT AND SUPPRESSION OF C-JUN NH2-TERMINAL KINASE
Authors: Yi-Heng Li, Wei-Chuan Tsai, Ting-Hsing Chao, Hsing-Chun Chung, Shih-Ya Tseng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
TCT-115 Predictors and Clinical Consequences of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation after TAVR in the PARTNER Experience
Authors: Tamim Nazif, Joe Dizon, Rebecca Hahn, Mathew Williams, Mikhael F. El-Chami, Howard C. Herrmann, E. Murat Tuzcu, Vasilis Babaliaros, Raj Makkar, Augusto Pichard, Michael Mack, John Webb, Jeffrey W. Moses, D. Craig Miller, Lars Svensson, Pamela Douglas, Wilson Y. Szeto, Ke Xu, Craig Smith, Martin Leon, Susheel Kodali
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Update in Pediatric Lung Disease 2010
Authors: Bernard Thébaud
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Increasing awareness of the relevance of early life events to lung health in adults and the need to identify and treat lung disease before changes become irreversible in children with chronic respiratory conditions have led to a resurgence of interest in infant respiratory physiology. This trend has been highlighted in previous yearly reviews of pediatric lung diseases in the Journal and has continued in 2010. This review summarizes new reports on lung function in children with a variety of lung diseases, the impact of environmental factors on lung function, and the molecular events that regulate normal and abnormal lung development.
Incomplete Financial Disclosure in a Viewpoint on Complementary and Alternative Therapies
Authors: Paul A. Offit
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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