tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Horner's Syndrome Secondary to Multinodular Goiter
Authors: RANDY LEVIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Brief Reports1 October 1986Bilateral Horner's Syndrome Secondary to Multinodular GoiterRANDY LEVIN, M.D., STEVEN A. NEWMAN, M.D., IVAN S. LOGIN, M.D.RANDY LEVIN, M.D., STEVEN A. NEWMAN, M.D., IVAN S. LOGIN, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-550 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptUnilateral Horner's syndrome is seen with invasive thyroid disease due to cervical sympathetic nerve damage (1-3). Although goiter is often considered to cause Horner's syndrome, there is little documentation.An 80-year-old woman was evaluated for bilateral ptosis. She had had a multinodular goiter since her teens, but with no symptoms of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, or tracheal or esophageal compression. Her goiter was roughly 200 g, with a surface area of 6 X 7 cm left of midline and 5 X 4 cm to the right and was unchanged from measurements recorded 10 years earlier. She had bilateral ptosis. Her pupils...References1. GILESHENDERSON CJ. Horner's syndrome: an analysis of 216 cases. Am J Ophthalmol. 1958;46:289-97. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BILDEWETZELSUEN JWJ. Thyroid lymphoma with adjacent nerve paralysis. Arch Otolaryngol. 1982;108:517-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SMITHMURLEY IR. Damage to the cervical sympathetic system during operations on the thyroid gland. Br J Surg. 1965;52:673-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MALONEYYOUNGEMOYER WBN. Evaluation of the causes and accuracy of pharmacologic localization in Horner's syndrome. Am J Ophtalmol. 1980;90:394-402. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. JAFFE N. Localization of lesions causing Horner's syndrome. Arch Ophtalmol. 1940;44:710-28. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia Medical Center Charlottesville, Virginia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEtiopathology, clinical features, and treatment of diffuse and multinodular nontoxic goitersCurrent pharmacologic testing for horner syndromeHorner’s syndrome as a complication of thyroidectomy: Report of a caseHorner's Syndrome: Clinical and Radiographic EvaluationSíndrome de Claude-Bernard-Horner secundario a un bocio multinodular tóxico intratorácicoSíndrome de Claude Bernar-Horner, parálisis recurrencial e insuficiencia respiratoria aguda secundarias a adenoma folicular de tiroidesNeurologic complications of thyroid and parathyroid diseaseHorner's syndrome in the emergency departmentIntrathoracic Goiter with Hyperthyroidism, Tracheal Compression, Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, and Horner's SyndromeBenign multinodular goitre and reversible Horner's syndromeNifedipine for epilepsy? A pilot study 1 October 1986Volume 105, Issue 4Page: 550-551KeywordsAdolescentsHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismNervesNeurologyPtosisThyroid diseases Issue Published: 1 October 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
CONGENITAL SARCOMA OF KIDNEY IN A CHILD OF TWENTY-NINE DAYS
Authors: CLYDE LEROY DEMING
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The object of the report of this case is to emphasize (1) the value of complete cystoscopic examination in children; (2) the fact that urograms are just as essential in the examination of infants as in that of adults, and (3) that local anesthesia may be used for nephrectomy in infants. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —A boy, aged 29 days, admitted to the urologic service of the New Haven Hospital, Nov. 22, 1921, the first child in a family in which there had been no other pregnancies, gave an unimportant family history. At birth, which was natural and spontaneous, the weight was 7 pounds 8 ounces (3,398 gm.). During the first, third and fourth days of life, the child passed blood in the urine. On the fourth day especially, the urinary passage resembled pure blood which was bright red. Blood was also noticed in the stools at this time, by
Determination of the Fate and Contribution of Ex Vivo Expanded Human Bone Marrow Stem and Progenitor Cells for Bone Formation by 2.3ColGFP
Authors: Dezhong Yin, Zhuo Wang, Qinghong Gao, Renuka Sundaresan, Chris Parrish, Qingfen Yang, Paul H Krebsbach, Alexander C Lichtler, David W Rowe, Janet Hock, Peng Liu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Bone marrow transplantation can provide an effective cell-based strategy to enhance bone repair. However, the fate of implanted cells and the extent of their contribution to bone osteoinduction remain uncertain. To define the fate of bone marrow-derived cells and their contribution in vivo, we used a bone-specific collagen I promoter (2.3Col) driving green fluorescent protein (GFP) (2.3ColGFP) within a lentiviral vector. Prior to in vivo cell fate determination, we verified a high efficiency of lentiviral transduction in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs), without altering the proliferation or differentiation potential of these cells. We showed that the 2.3ColGFP marker responded to endogenous transcriptional regulation signals. In a mouse ossicle model, we demonstrated that the 2.3ColGFP marker is able to specifically define human bone marrow-derived stem cells that enter the osteoblast lineage in vivo. In addition, cells labeled with 2.3ColGFP with the donor origin, directly make a major contribution to bone formation. Furthermore, we also demonstrated in a calvarial defect model that a mixture of human bone marrow-derived populations, have stronger bone regenerative potential than that of hBMSCs, and an optimal dose is required for bone regeneration by the mixed populations.
At last: classification of human mammary cells elucidates breast cancer origins
Authors: Robert D. Cardiff, Alexander D. Borowsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Current breast cancer classification systems are based on molecular evaluation of tumor receptor status and do not account for distinct morphological phenotypes. In other types of cancer, taxonomy based on normal cell phenotypes has been extremely useful for diagnosis and treatment strategies. In this issue of the JCI, Santagata and colleagues developed a breast cancer classification scheme based on characterization of healthy mammary cells. Reclassification of breast cancer cells and breast cancer tissue microarrays with this system correlated with prognosis better than the standard receptor status designation. This scheme provides a major advance toward our understanding of the origin of the cells in the breast and breast cancers.
THE CLASS OF CASES IN WHICH WE MAY EXPECT GOOD RESULTS FROM EXCISION OF THE MEMBRANA TYMPANI AND OSSICLES.Read in the Section on Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: S. MacCUEN SMITH
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The history of the excision of the membrana tympani and ossicles has been brought to the notice of the profession so frequently, that a repetition of these familiar facts would prove tiresome and uninteresting. We should, however, mention the fact that Kessel in 1875, Lueke in 1880, and Schwartze before 1885 performed this operation for the relief of deafness; while great credit is due to Sexton, who in 1886, by his courage and skill brought before the American medical world the results of his numerous operations for the cure of chronic aural discharges; and later for the relief of deafness. It was Sexton, therefore, who first proposed this operation, and performed excision of the membrana tympani and ossicles, for the cure of discharge from the ear. Burnett and others, however, soon followed and by publishing their results, did much to establish this formerly condemned operation and bring it to the
Syed Ahsanuddin Haider
Authors: B. Hayden
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Syed Ahsanuddin Haider (“Haider”) came to England in 1965. He worked in various units in Britain, and also in Oman, until he secured his consultant post in Bury in 1973.

Following his retirement from the NHS in 1997, he undertook medical locums for the British Armed Forces …
NASAL AND AURAL COMPLICATIONS IN EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA.
Authors: SARGENT F. SNOW
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The importance of ear and nose complications in epidemic influenza impresses itself on us as we come more and more to see that much of the acute suffering in the disease depends on their severity. Practically all its headaches and cranial pains are due to pressure in the nasal passage, or to pent-up secretions within the adjacent sinuses, the outlets of which are blocked by the acutely congested membranes, and it is for the sake of emphasizing and sustaining this argument to those of the general medical profession who read the proceedings of this Section that I shall inflict many well known and seemingly useless details upon the specialists here assembled. The ethmoidal cavities are particularly susceptible to inflammation in la grippe, and in some cases they may be the only ones involved, but in a few patients the disease rapidly extends, one sinus after another being affected until perhaps
A previously unidentified alternatively spliced isoform of t(8;21) transcript promotes leukemogenesis
Authors: Ming Yan, Eiki Kanbe, Luke F Peterson, Anita Boyapati, Yuqin Miao, Yang Wang, I-Ming Chen, Zixing Chen, Janet D Rowley, Cheryl L Willman, Dong-Er Zhang
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Joint-specific hand symptoms and self-reported and performance-based functional status in African Americans and Caucasians: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project
Authors: A L Elliott, V B Kraus, F Fang, J B Renner, T A Schwartz, A Salazar, T Huguenin, M C Hochberg, C G Helmick, J M Jordan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To assess associations between joint-specific hand symptoms and self-reported and performance-based functional status. <h3>Methods:</h3> Participants were from the population-based Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Symptoms in the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), first carpometacarpal (CMC), and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were assessed on a 30-joint diagram of both hands. Self-reported function was assessed by Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and performance-based function by timed repeated chair stands and 8-foot walk time. Separate multiple logistic regression models examined associations between symptoms in specific hand joint groups, symptoms in ⩾2 hand joint groups and number of symptomatic hand joints, and functional status measures, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, sex, body mass index, radiographic knee and hip OA, knee and hip symptoms and depressive symptoms. <h3>Results:</h3> Those with symptomatic hand joint groups were more likely than those without these complaints to report more difficulty and require longer times for performance measures. Those with 2 or more symptomatic hand joint groups were more likely to have higher HAQ scores (OR = 1.97 (1.53 to 2.53)) and require more time to complete 5 chair stands (OR = 1.98 (1.23 to 3.18)) and the 8 foot walk test (OR = 1.49 (1.12 to 1.99)). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Joint-specific hand symptoms are associated with difficulty performing upper- or lower-extremity tasks, independent of knee and hip OA and symptoms, suggesting that studies examining functional status in OA should not ignore symptomatic joints beyond the joint site of interest, even when functional measures appear to be specific for the joint site under study.
Kenneth Hart Pickworth
Authors: David C Pickworth
Journal: BMJ (2005)

In 1982, when the AIDS epidemic was in its infancy, it took an unusually prescient person to recognise that this was a disease like no other.One such person was Alvin Novick, professor of biology at Yale University and a former clinician.The term AIDS had only just been coined.President Reagan had not mentioned the word in public (that took him a further three years), though his press secretary had joked about AIDS in a press briefing.The virus had yet to be identified; the first AIDS drug, AZT (zidovudine), was not to reach the marketplace for another five years.Alvin Novick, then aged 58, ended his 30 year study of bat sonar systems to confront the crisis.He ceased doing laboratory science and devoted the rest of his life-a further 20 years-to tackling AIDS.Insightful, decisive, compassionate, and rigorous in everything he did, Novick was ahead of his time on almost every issue.From the beginning, he pressed for safeguards at blood banks.He researched the legal, ethical, public policy, and community development aspects of HIV/AIDS, and he was interested in every aspect of the disease, including AIDS education and prevention; risk reduction for people who injected drugs; the ethical issues surrounding ethnographic research; surveillance; confidentiality; testing; the conduct of clinical trials; tuberculosis and AIDS; the behavioural epidemiology of AIDS; and home and terminal care for patients-he founded Connecticut's AIDS hospice.Novick wanted drug users included in clinical trials, not least to enhance their access to health care.He also researched post-exposure prophylaxis, the use of law to regulate behaviour, the systematic oppression of people who were vulnerable to AIDS infection or were infected; drug adherence; and vertical transmission.
Defibrillation without A-V Block Using Capacitor Discharge with Added Inductance
Authors: WILLIS A. TOCKER, LESLIE A. GEDDES, HEBBEL E. HOFF
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

Two hundred and seventy-two defibrillations of the ventricles of 17 dogs by capacitor discharge applied directly to the heart were accompanied by A-V block lasting up to 78 seconds. A range of 150 to 475 volts was employed using a 40 microfarad condenser. The duration of the block was proportional to the energy employed for defibrillation. With the minimum energy of 1.8 watt-sec that produced 100% defibrillation in all trials, A-V block was present in 14 of the 17 animals (average duration of A-V block varying from 3 to 18 seconds). That the A-V block is not vagal in origin was demonstrated by atropinization and vagotomy of the animals. Prolongation of the period of fibrillation up to 15 seconds was found not to be a factor in determining the duration of A-V block. Defibrillation with the same energy levels but with the inclusion of an 0.29 henry inductance abolished the A-V block in 115 defibrillations in the same 17 animals. The current waveform measured without inductance was of the capacitor discharge type (unidirectional and exponentially decaying); with the inductance in the circuit the current waveform was a highly damped sinusoidal alternating current consisting of slightly more than two full cycles of about 40 Hz.
Glucagon Physiology and Pathophysiology
Authors: Roger H Unger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE function of pancreatic glucagon has been questioned for several decades, but it now seems probable that glucagon, like insulin, is extremely important in the moment-to-moment control of the homeostasis of glucose, of certain amino acids and perhaps of free fatty acids. Normal alpha-cell function seems essential to optimal glucoregulation, and abnormal alpha-cell function may cause, contribute to or result from a variety of metabolic disorders, the most common being diabetes mellitus.Biologic Opposition of Glucagon and InsulinGlucagon has been shown to have potent glycogenolytic1 and gluconeogenic2 , 3 activity at concentrations within the physiologic range. In addition, it may have . . .
Abstract 2174: Increased Platelet Aggregability In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients Is Improved By Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment
Authors: Hisanori Horiuchi, Kensuke Sumi, Arata Tabuchi, Ryoji Taniguchi, Toru Oga, Kazuo Chin, Michiaki Mishima, Toru Kita
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background and aim: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases. One cause for them is an occlusive arterial thrombus triggered by local platelet activation. Whether OSA is an independent risk factor for increased platelet aggregability is unclear. Methods: We enrolled 124 patients with snoring or daytime sleepiness in whom 3% oxygen desaturation index (3%ODI), a principal marker of the severity of intermittent hypoxia and reoxygenation (IHR), was measured. We studied ex vivo ADP- and collagen-induced aggregation of platelet-rich plasma using an optical aggregometer. The agonist concentration giving half maximal aggregation was defined as the platelet-aggregation threshold index (PATI) value. Therefore, the lower PATI value implicates the higher aggregability. In 23 patients who underwent nasal CPAP, platelet aggregability was followed until 90 days. Results: There was a significant difference in the PATI value for ADP-induced aggregation between 66 patients with non-to-mild OSA (3%ODI≤15) (1.04±0.07 μM, mean±SE) and 58 patients with moderate-to-severe OSA(3%ODI&gt;15) (0.78±0.09 μM)(p=0.029). Multiple linear model revealed that 3%ODI strongly significantly contributed to the PATI values for ADP (p&lt;0.001) and collagen (p=0.0026) among the 59 subjects with a cardiovascular risk factor such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidemia. However, the percentage of time of arterial O2 saturation&lt;90% during sleep did not significantly contribute to the PATI values for ADP (p=0.21) and collagen (p=0.20). After initiation of nasal CPAP therapy, the PATI values for ADP-induced aggregation significantly worsened transiently on day 30 (p=0.035), and then it recovered and improved at day 90 and the PATI for collagen-induced aggregation improved at day 90 without the transient exacerbation. Conclusions: OSA patients had increased platelet aggregability. Severity of IHR more significantly contributed to platelet aggregation than total hypoxic time. Among OSA patients with conventional cardiovascular risk factors, the effects of IHR on the platelet aggregability was prominent. Nasal CPAP initially induced a transient hyperaggregable state of platelets, after which it continued to improve.
Formation of iodoprotein during the peripheral metabolism of 35,3′-triiodo-l-thyronine-125I in the euthyroid man and rat
Authors: Martin I. Surks, Jack H. Oppenheimer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

3,5,3'-Triiodo-L-thyronine-(125)I (T3-(125)I) metabolism was studied in nine euthyroid human subjects on blocking doses of nonradioactive iodide. After the intravenous injection of T3-(125)I, the fractional disappearance rate of plasma radioactivity progressively disappearance rate of plasma radioactivity progressively decreased with time. Analysis of individual plasma samples by dialysis, electrophoretic, and extraction techniques revealed three radioactive components: T3-(125)I, iodide-(125)I, and an unidentified material which was nonextractable in acid butanol (NE(125)I). Ne(125)I rose to maximal levels 24-36 hr after injection of T3-(125)I and then decreased with a fractional rate which approached, after 12-14 days, approximately 0.05 day(-1) (t(1/2) = 14 days). The plasma T3-(125)I concentration, obtained by subtraction of iodide-(125)I and NE(125)I from the plasma total (125)I, declined at a constant fractional rate with time with a t(1/2) of 1.5 days. Qualitatively similar results were obtained in rats. After 72 hr, 57% of the plasma and 40% of the liver radioactivity was NE(125)I. Chromatographic purification of the T3-(125)I before injection did not alter these results. The extrathyroidal origin of NE(125)I was further demonstrated by similar results in thyroidectomized rats maintained on thyroxine. NE(125)I from human sera separated from the other radioiodinated substances by ion-exchange chromatography was quantitatively precipitated by trichloracetic acid, not dialyzable, insoluble in CHCl(3):CH(2)OH, and migrated with albumin during starch-gel electrophoresis. Based on these properties, NE(125)I was tentatively identified as iodoalbumin. Observations in rats equilibrated with (125)I, as well as nonradioactive iodine determinations in human sera before and after acid butanol extraction, indicate that 10-20% of the serum organic iodine is in the form of iodoprotein. Our studies suggest that this moiety may be derived at least in part from the peripheral metabolism of the thyroid hormones.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presenting with Laryngeal Obstruction
Authors: R. S. Pinals
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The iminodibenzyl anti-depressants seem generally safe, except in association with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor or alcohol (Lockett and Milner, 1965).Amitriptyline and nor- triptyline appear more likely to cause potentially dangerous atropine-like side-effects than imipramine or desipramine.It may be that the atropine-like effects of amitriptyline and nor- triptyline commonly cause constipation and may precipitate adynamic ileus.Accordingly the prudent physician might initially prescribe imipramine or desipramine for the treatment of mild and early depressive states, later changing to another anti- depressant only if this were indicated.E.C.T. is probably the treatment of choice for moderate to severe depressions (Robin and Harris, 1962;
Innate Immunity and the Failing Heart
Authors: Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Elevated levels of inflammatory mediators have been identified in patients with heart failure, including heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction, as well as acute decompensated heart failure. Moreover, experimental studies have shown repeatedly that activation of inflammation in the heart provokes left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction. Nonetheless, phase III clinical trials that have attempted to antagonize inflammatory mediators have been negative with respect to the primary end points of the trials, and in some patients, resulted in worsening heart failure or death. The following review will discuss how recent developments in the field of innate immunity have advanced our understanding of the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of heart failure and will discuss the negative outcomes of the existing clinical trials in light of this new information.
How Many Miles to the Doctor?
Authors: Albert P. Williams, William B. Schwartz, Joseph P. Newhouse, Bruce W. Bennett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Abstract We used detailed information from 16 states to determine the distance that residents of outlying areas (or of towns of less than 25,000, outside metropolitan areas) must travel to receive various types of medical care. For both 1970 and 1979, we found that approximately 80 per cent of such residents lived within 10 miles' driving distance of some physician and 98 per cent lived within 25 miles. Most of the remaining 2 per cent lived in areas so sparsely settled that physicians will not find them economically attractive as practice locations. During the 1970s, the distance of members of the studied population from medical and surgical specialists was substantially reduced. The greatest improvement occurred for the specialties that had the largest percentage increase in their numbers. As the physician pool expands further during the 1980s, geographic access to specialty care for rural and small-town residents should show a further notable improvement. However, this improvement may not suffice to meet what some consider the "medical need" of those who are geographically isolated or economically deprived. (N Engl Med 1983; 309:958–63.)