tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improvement in recovery of left ventricular function during reperfusion with coenzyme Q10 in isolated working rat heart
Authors: T. KONISHI, Y. NAKAMURA, T. KONISHI, C. KAWAI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

To investigate the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on left ventricular function during ischaemia and reperfusion, we studied isolated working rat hearts contracting 300 times per min perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution at 37 degrees C. There was no significant difference in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and left ventricular dP/dt between the coenzyme Q10-treated group (intravenous injection of 0.0115 mmol per kg of body weight, n = 7) and the vehicle-treated control group (n = 7) throughout 45 min of ischaemia and 30 min of reperfusion. The left ventricular peak systolic pressure in the coenzyme Q10-treated group was higher than in the vehicle-treated control group (48.7 +/- 10.9 versus 29.7 +/- 10.0 mmHg, p less than 0.05) after 30 min of reperfusion, although there was no significant difference between the two groups before and during ischaemia (45 min). During 5 to 30 min of the recovery period, the coronary sinus flow in the coenzyme Q10-treated group was greater than in the control group (5.4 +/- 1.8 versus 3.1 +/- 0.5 ml X min-1 after 30 min of recovery, p less than 0.05). It was concluded that coenzyme Q10 improved recovery of the left ventricular peak systolic pressure and the coronary sinus flow. Although it is possible that coenzyme Q10 facilitated ATP production and improved recovery, it is more likely that coenzyme Q10, which is an antioxidant, protected the myocardium against free radical damage during reperfusion.
Control of Coronary Pain by Prevention of Tachycardia
Authors: Robert O'Rourke, Oscar Mann, W. Proctor Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1964)

IT IS a well-known physiological fact that the compromised circulation present in arteriosclerotic heart disease is further decreased in the presence of rapid paroxysmal rhythms.<sup>1-4</sup>However, the clinical application of this fact is often overlooked in the treatment of so-called "intractible coronary pain." Some patients with coronary artery disease are completely free of anginal or coronary insufficiency pain except during episodes of tachycardia. In these patients treatment of coronary pain may primarily depend on prevention of paroxysmal rapid heart rates, as shown in the following two cases. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> This 71-year-old retired male insurance broker was admitted to Georgetown University Hospital for evaluation of intermittent chest pain of 11 years' duration. This pain was typical of coronary insufficiency of a severe degree, substernal in origin, often with radiation to both arms. It was of severe compressing quality and was related to exertion and emotional strain. Originally
"The Technique of Bloodless Work."
Authors: Robert H. M. Dawbarn
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The older the surgeon, the greater becomes his respect for a drop of blood. All cutting operations on the extremities should be bloodless ones, and all elsewhere as nearly so as possible. Every drop of blood saved is a safeguard against shock; and bloodless work permits the same speed and facility of dissection that one could employ on the dead body.  At one time Petit's tourniquet, or some other, similar in principle, was the chief means for accomplishing this end. In emergency a Spanish windlass, made by loosely knotting about the limb a towel or other strong piece of cloth and then twisting a stick in it until all circulation ceases, is equally effective. Later came the use of the Esmarch rubber bandage; and until within the past few years, was for a time in regular use among surgeons. With this the blood was entirely stripped from the limb. Beginning
DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Vertical HIV Infection
Authors: Katherine Luzuriaga
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The prevalence of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection has increased rapidly through the vertical transmission of HIV from infected women to their infants. In 1995, a cumulative total of approximately 20 000 children in the United States and 1.5 million children worldwide were infected with HIV.<sup>1,2</sup>In the United States, 0.17% of all childbearing women are HIV-seropositive, and approximately 7000 infants are born to HIV-infected women each year. Recently, the perinatal administration of zidovudine was shown to substantially reduce vertical HIV transmission.<sup>3,4</sup>In an effort to further reduce vertical HIV transmission, perinatal trials of newer antiretroviral agents alone and in combination are under way. Major efforts must continue to be made to offer HIV testing to all pregnant women and to monitor the infection status of their infants. Infants infected with HIV must be diagnosed as rapidly as possible to ensure the early institution of
Isotretinoin therapy and the incidence of acne relapse: a nested case-control study: reply from authors
Authors: L. Azoulay, A. Bérard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Isotretinoin therapy and the incidence of acne relapse: a nested case–control study: reply from authors Get access L. Azoulay, L. Azoulay McGill Pharmacoepidemiology Research Unit, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Bérard A. Bérard University of Montreal Faculty of Pharmacy and CHU Sainte‐Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1C5 E‐mail: laurent.azoulay@umontreal.ca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 1, 1 January 2009, Pages 218–219, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08936.x Published: 01 January 2009
Endemic Pleural Calcification and Mesothelioma
Authors: Mark Germine
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In a recent letter, Sichletidis et al<sup>1</sup>report a case of malignant pleural mesothelioma from Metsovo, Greece, which they suggest is an area of no known asbestos exposure and with no previous documentation of an increased incidence of mesothelioma. However, exposure to fibrous tremolite in this area has been well documented and has been specifically connected to both pleural calcifications and mesothelioma in Metsovo.<sup>2,3</sup>The report of mesothelioma and pleural calcifications in the same individual is important in that it supports a common etiology, as pointed out by the authors. Evidence has already been presented suggesting that the occurrence of pleural calcifications and the increased incidence of mesothelioma in the Metsovo area are related to use of a tremolite-rich soil for interior whitewash.<sup>3</sup>To test the hypothesis that such whitewash is an etiologic agent in mesothelioma, optical microscopical analysis was performed on samples of
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Early Lyme Disease in Patients with Microbiologically Confirmed Erythema Migrans
Authors: Robert P. Smith, Robert T. Schoen, Daniel W. Rahn, Vijay K. Sikand, John Nowakowski, Dennis L. Parenti, Mary S. Holman, David H. Persing, Allen C. Steere
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Background: Lyme disease has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Diagnosis is usually based on the clinical and serologic picture rather than on microbiological confirmation. Objective: To examine the clinical presentation and treatment outcome of early Lyme disease in patients with microbiologically confirmed erythema migrans. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: 31 university-based or clinician-practice sites in 10 endemic states. Participants: 10 936 participants enrolled in a phase III trial of Lyme disease vaccine; 118 participants had erythema migrans in which Borrelia burgdorferi was detected by culture or polymerase chain reaction. Measurements: Clinical characteristics and treatment outcome were noted. Skin biopsies of erythema migrans were performed for culture and detection of B. burgdorferi by polymerase chain reaction; serologic responses were determined by Western blot. Results: The 118 patients with microbiologically confirmed erythema migrans presented a median of 3 days after symptom onset. Early erythema migrans commonly had homogeneous or central redness rather than a peripheral erythema with partial central clearing. The most common associated symptoms were low-grade fever, headache, neck stiffness, arthralgia, myalgia, or fatigue. By convalescence, 65% of patients had positive IgM or IgG antibody responses to B. burgdorferi. Most patients responded promptly to antibiotic treatment. Conclusions: In major endemic areas in the United States, Lyme disease commonly presents as erythema migrans with homogeneous or central redness and nonspecific flu-like symptoms. Clinical outcome is excellent if antibiotic therapy is administered soon after symptom onset.
Diagnosis of cirrhosis by transient elastography: What is hidden behind misleading results
Authors: Mirella Fraquelli, Cristina Rigamonti
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

We read with interest the article by Ganne-Carrié et al.,1 which emphasizes what we think is the best operative characteristic of transient elastography (TE), i.e., its ability to accurately exclude cirrhosis, rather than predicting it. A cut-off of 11.7 kPa, in fact, resulted in a TE sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 87%, with corresponding positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 7.3 and negative likelihood ratio (LR−) of 0.1. In a study of 200 consecutive patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies in Milan,2 a cut off of 11.9 kPa showed a 91% sensitivity and an 89% specificity with corresponding LR+ and LR− of 8.3 and 0.1, respectively. Both studies indicate that TE has a robust negative predictive value for cirrhosis, as indicated by the fact that starting from a pre-test probability of about 20%, a TE value lower than 11.7 kPa in Ganne-Carrié et al.1 or 11.9 kPa in Fraquelli et al.2 gave a post-test probability of cirrhosis of less than 1%. Incidentally, Ganne-Carrié also addresses the important issue of disease etiology as a moderator of diagnostic performance of TE, which apparently was superior in alcohol-related disease or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis than in chronic hepatitis B and C. We and others3, 4 have in fact demonstrated that TE is influenced not only by the stage of liver fibrosis but also by the necroinflammatory activity of the liver disease, in terms of either histological grading3 or aminotransferase activity.4 We would be interested in knowing how performance and predictive cut-off of TE in the Ganne-Carrié study compared with the etiology of the underlying disease, because cell inflammation, fibrosis, and possibly steatosis contribute differently to the liver disease process in different etiologies. Because we believe TE is a valid tool for globally assessing disease severity rather than liver fibrosis alone, we introduced it in our diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of patients for chronic liver disease. Mirella Fraquelli M.D., Ph.D.*, Cristina Rigamonti M.D. , * Second Division of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milano, Italy, First Division of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milano, Italy.
Darier's disease in Singapore
Authors: B.K. Goh, P. Ang, C.L. Goh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Darier's disease in Singapore Get access B.K. Goh, B.K. Goh National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, 308205 Singapore Dr B. K. Goh. E‐mail: bkgoh@nsc.gov.sg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Ang, P. Ang National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, 308205 Singapore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.L. Goh C.L. Goh National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, 308205 Singapore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 2, 1 February 2005, Pages 284–288, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06364.x Published: 01 February 2005 Article history Accepted: 01 May 2004 Published: 01 February 2005
THE ROLE OF BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE-GUIDED HEART FAILURE THERAPY: AN UPDATED META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Jae-Sik Jang, Han-Young Jin, Jeong-Sook Seo, Tae-Hyun Yang, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Dong-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Emphasis and Priority
Authors: G. Stuart Mendenhall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Ideas and OpinionsNovember 5, 2013Emphasis and PriorityG. Stuart Mendenhall, MDG. Stuart Mendenhall, MDFrom University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The intern's voice trembled a bit, but as he stood in front of the large group on attending rounds, his anxiety was understandable. He began the routine: “Mr. Jones, a 78-year-old black male, presented with ....”Our attending physician did not hesitate to pounce. “Hold it right there,” he commanded.“Formal presentation of a patient requires organization. The most important information should be given first, and everything else presented in a well-organized and structured fashion.”The intern readily agreed, too frightened to make an overt display of his indignation.“Name is an essential identifier. Age gives context to his illness. ...References1. Collins FS and McKusick VA. Implications of the Human Genome Project for medical science. JAMA. 2001;285:540-4. [PMID: 11176855] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Buchanan AV, Weiss KM, and Fullerton SM. Dissecting complex disease: the quest for the Philosopher's Stone? Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35:562-71. [PMID: 16540539] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Bibbins-Domingo K and Fernandez A. BiDil for heart failure in black patients: implications of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:52-6 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Disclosures: None disclosed. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M12-2032.Corresponding Author: G. Stuart Mendenhall, MD, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, B-535 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213; e-mail, [email protected].Author Contributions: Conception and design: G.S. Mendenhall.Analysis and interpretation of the data: G.S. Mendenhall.Drafting of the article: G.S. Mendenhall.Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: G.S. Mendenhall.Final approval of the article: G.S. Mendenhall.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: G.S. Mendenhall.Collection and assembly of data: G.S. Mendenhall. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics November 5, 2013Volume 159, Issue 9Page: 627-628KeywordsAnxietyBloodDrug administrationDrugsFoodGene expressionGenetic determinismGenetic diseasesGeneticsHeart failureMotivationPerceptionReasoningSickle cell disease ePublished: 5 November 2013 Issue Published: November 5, 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia associated with chronic pruritic papules
Authors: R.A. PWAKEEL, S.J. URBANIAK, S.S. ARMSTRONG, H.F. SEWELL, R. HERRIOT, N. KERNOHAN, M.I. WHITE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

This is a case report and family study of a 65-year-old man with chronic prurigo lesions, in whom we demonstrated a selective deficiency of circulating T-helper/inducer lymphocytes (CD4+), in the absence of any apparent predisposing disease. He is seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV types 1 and 2) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I and HTLV-II), and fulfils the criteria for the syndrome of idiopathic CD4+ Tlymphocytopenia. He has an atopic diathesis, has had a severe adult chickenpos infection, chronic staphylococcal infections, tinea pedis and recalcitrant warts. He has also suffered from respiratory infections, for which no specific aetiological agent has been identified. His peripheral total lymphocyte count has been persistently abnormal since it was first measured in 1969. He has a marked CD4+ T-cell lymphocytopenia. His son, who does not have any skin disorder, has a low CD4+ T-cell count.
The American Burkitt Lymphoma Registry: A Progress Report
Authors: P. H. LEVINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

The American Burkitt Lymphoma Registry (ABLR) investigates the cause of Burkitt's lymphoma through comparative studies involving endemic and nonendemic regions. In 3 years 114 cases have been confirmed. Diagnosis was based on evaluation of pathologic material submitted to ABLR pathologists. Similarities between American and African patients included abrupt clinical presentation with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, jaw, gonads, and central nervous system. Response to high-dose cyclophosphamide and an apparent high cure rate distinguish American Burkitt's lymphoma from poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) of childhood. Time-space clustering and absence of cases in high-altitude regions are seen in American and African patients; young American patients resemble Africans in a predominance of men and high Epstein-Barr virus titers. American patients have bone-marrow and peripheral lymph-node involvement more frequently and are less likely to have Epstein-Barr virus genome in their tumors; most are white. Identification of specific causal factors requires the study of more cases and better pretreatment material for pathologic review.
Inflammatory Mediator mRNA Expression by Adenovirus E1A-Transfected Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Yuji Higashimoto, W. Mark Elliott, Ali R. Behzad, Edward G. Sedgwick, Tatsuo Takei, James C. Hogg, Shizu Hayashi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Lung tissue from patients with emphysema and airway obstruction carries excess adenoviral E1A DNA that is expressed as protein in airway surface epithelium and is associated with an increased inflammatory response. To examine mechanisms by which latent adenoviral infection might amplify the inflammatory process, we transfected primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells from three separate patients undergoing lung resection so that they stably expressed adenovirus E1A. Lipopolysaccharide stimulation of the E1A-transfected HBE cells increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-8 mRNA and protein expression compared with control cells from the same patient. It also induced greater intercellular adhesion molecule-1 promoter activity and greater nuclear factor-κB binding activity of nuclear extracts in E1A transfectants than controls. E1A-positive transfectants constitutively expressed transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA and protein, whereas this expression was either very low or not detected in control cells. We conclude that adenoviral E1A tranfection transforms primary HBE cells and upregulates their production of mediators that are clinically relevant to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Disorders of sodium balance: Hypothyroidism and hyponatraemia: an old wives' tale?
Authors: Eric S Kilpatrick
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Like many other sources, Reynolds et al include hypothyroidism as a secondary cause of hyponatraemia.1 However, the evidence supporting this association is extremely poor. Studies in babies with severe congenital hypothyroidism have found no change in …
LIGNAN FORMATION IN MAN—MICROBIAL INVOLVEMENT AND POSSIBLE ROLES IN RELATION TO CANCER
Authors: K.D.R. Setchell, S.P. Borriello, H. Gordon, A.M. Lawson, R. Harkness, D.M.L. Morgan, D.N. Kirk, H. Adlercreutz, L.C. Anderson, M. Axelson
Journal: The Lancet (1981)
PRE-OPERATIVE AND POST-OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF SURGICAL CASES.
Authors: L. SEXTON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

The question has often occurred to me that some surgeons at least view all therapeutic measures as more or less empirical or useless, and lay too much stress on what can be accomplished by operative procedure alone. Specialists in any given line are prone to look on any given subject from their point of view; in fact, we are of the opinion that many surgical cases before operation are not treated as they should be, so as to prepare them for the great ordeal and shock incident to a major operation, and as a result of this lack of treatment or proper preparation before operation, they are likely to have to be overtreated after or during the operation. As a matter of course, in emergency surgery, we often have no time for general treatment, but many other surgical cases are materially benefited by proper attention to their general health, the
T-cadherin Supports Angiogenesis and Adiponectin Association with the Vasculature in a Mouse Mammary Tumor Model
Authors: Lionel W. Hebbard, Michèle Garlatti, Lawrence J.T. Young, Robert D. Cardiff, Robert G. Oshima, Barbara Ranscht
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract T-cadherin delineates endothelial, myoepithelial, and ductal epithelial cells in the normal mouse mammary gland, and becomes progressively restricted to the vasculature during mammary tumorigenesis. To test the function of T-cadherin in breast cancer, we inactivated the T-cadherin (Cdh13) gene in mice and evaluated tumor development and pathology after crossing the mutation into the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-polyoma virus middle T (PyV-mT) transgenic model. We report that T-cadherin deficiency limits mammary tumor vascularization and reduces tumor growth. Tumor transplantation experiments confirm the stromal role of T-cadherin in tumorigenesis. In comparison with wild-type MMTV-PyV-mT controls, T-cadherin–deficient tumors are pathologically advanced and metastasize to the lungs. T-cadherin is a suggested binding partner for high molecular weight forms of the circulating, fat-secreted hormone adiponectin. We discern adiponectin in association with the T-cadherin–positive vasculature in the normal and malignant mammary glands and report that this interaction is lost in the T-cadherin null condition. This work establishes a role for T-cadherin in promoting tumor angiogenesis and raises the possibility that vascular T-cadherin-adiponectin association may contribute to the molecular cross-talk between tumor cells and the stromal compartment in breast cancer. [Cancer Res 2008;68(5):1407–16]
When May Research Be Stopped?
Authors: Carl Cohen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The prohibition of research with recombinant DNA must rely upon some argument that both establishes a principle, applicable to research in any sphere, identifying kinds of defect or hazard that are intolerable, and shows that recombinant DNA research is intolerably defective or hazardous in the ways specified by that principle. No such argument succeeds. Of arguments proposed to defend prohibition it may be fairly said either that the major premise (the principle of prohibition) is false, or when sound principles are put forward, that the minor premise (specifying recombinant DNA research as defective or hazardous in the ways called for) is far from established. There is no valid practical syllogism, having true premises, whose conclusion is that research with recombinant DNA should be stopped.