tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5343: Aberrant activation of hedgehog signaling confers a poor prognosis in embryonal and fusion gene negative alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Arne Zibat, Edoardo Missiaglia, Albert Rosenberger, Kathy Pritchard-Jones, Janet Shipley, Heidi Hahn, Simone Fulda
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and comprises two major histological subtypes: alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). The hedgehog (Hh) pathway has recently been implied in tumor formation and progression of various cancers. In the current study we investigated whether Hh pathway activation presents a general feature also of RMS and whether it bears prognostic impact. Here, we report that marker genes of active Hh signaling, i.e. Patched1 (Ptch1), Gli1, Gli3 and Myf5, are elevated in two distinct cohorts of RMS patients with a total number of 235 primary samples. Interestingly, all these marker genes of active Hh signaling were expressed at significantly higher levels in specific subtypes of RMS, i.e. ERMS and fusion gene negative ARMS, compared to fusion gene positive ARMS. Consistently, Gli1 expression correlates with Ptch1 expression in ERMS and fusion gene negative ARMS, but not in fusion gene positive ARMS. In addition, expression levels of MyoD1 are significantly lower in ERMS and fusion gene negative ARMS, pointing to an inverse association of Hh activation and early muscle differentiation in primary RMS samples. In support of this notion, the addition of Shh inhibits muscle differentiation in parallel experiments in muscle satellite cells and myoblasts. Moreover, we identify Myf5 is as a novel excellent class predictor for RMS by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Most importantly, high expression of Ptch1 or low MyoD1 expression significantly correlate with reduced cumulative survival in fusion gene negative RMS (P&amp;lt; 0.004) underscoring the clinical relevance of these findings. By identifying aberrant Hh activation in specific subgroups of RMS, our study has important implications for the development of molecular targeted therapies, such as small molecule Hh inhibitors, in RMS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5343. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5343
Drug Abuse in the US Army, Europe
Authors: Forest S. Tennant
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Drug abuse in the US Army, Europe, is severe enough to result in numerous hospitalizations and occasional deaths. An abundance of all types of inexpensive, abusable drugs is available in Europe. During the past year there has been an increasing trend among a small percentage of US Army soldiers to abuse "hard" drugs and opiates. The US Army, Europe, has expended considerable resources and personnel to control drug abuse. Many of the drug-abuse education and rehabilitation techniques utilized in the US Army, Europe, appear applicable to the drugabuse problem in the United States.
PWE-160 Liver resection in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours
Authors: S S Mudan, A B Fajardo-Puerta
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The benefit, if any and case selection for operation in metastatic GIST has not as yet been evaluated. We report our experience with patients undergoing liver resection for metastatic GIST. <h3>Methods</h3> From a prospectively held data base spanning 2000–2011 we identified 12 patients who underwent liver resection and cases notes reviewed. Non-parametric statistics were applied. <h3>Results</h3> The M:F ratio was 5:7. The median age at diagnosis of the primary tumour was 55 yr, range 47–71 yr. The site of primary was: Gastric 6, duodenum 1, small intestine 2, colon 2, rectum 1. In three cases liver metastases were present at diagnosis of the primary and these patients underwent synchronous resection of the primary and liver. In the remainder the median disease free interval was 12 m (2–96 m). In nine cases the pattern of metastatic disease was hepatic alone, two cases had in addition peritoneal disease and both had had percutaneous biopsy of the primary tumour. One case had local recurrence. All but one patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with imatinib and in two cases 2nd-line treatment with sunitinib and 1 3rd-line with nilotinib. The median duration of systemic therapy before operation was 18 m (10–84) and systemic therapy was stopped after plateau of response or evidence of progression, non-responders were not considered for resection. Liver resections performed: Right extended 1, right 3, left 1, non-anatomic or segmental 7. Additional visceral resection required in 2 (synchronous primary cases excepted). At a median follow-up time of 43 m from liver resection the status is: NED 7, AWD 3, DOC 1, DOD 1. There was no 30-day mortality. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The safety of hepatectomy for GIST in the imatinib treated patient is demonstrated. Whether resection of metastatic disease translates into cure, at least in some patients is yet to be proven but it is suggested that the indications for liver resection for metastatic disease might be extended to this disease. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Abstract P6-02-02: mRNA expression of death associated protein 3 (DAP3) and human breast cancer: Clinical correlations and in vitro evidence
Authors: U Wazir, L Ye, AJ Sanders, A Kasem, WG Jiang, AK Sharma, K Mokbel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, this study is the first to focus on the potential role for death-associated protein 3 (DAP3) in human breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: mRNA expression of DAP3 in breast cancer tissues (n = 127) and normal background tissues (n = 33) were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and were correlated with clinico-pathological data accumulated over a 10-year follow-up period. Furthermore the effects of DAP3 knock down in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) were investigated. The cells were subjected to conventional growth, adhesion and invasion assays. In addition to the above, electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) assay and annexin V/propidium iodide binding apoptosis assay were performed. For the apoptosis assay, the cells were subjected to 48 to 72 hours of serum hunger (depending on cell line) before being analyzed using a flow cytometer. RESULTS: The expression of DAP3 mRNA was demonstrated to decrease with increasing Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI2 vs. NPI3, p = 0.036), TNM stage (TNM1 vs. 3, p = 0.07), and tumour grade (grade 1 vs. 3, p = 0.08). Lower DAP3 expression levels were significantly associated with local recurrence (p = 0.013), distant metastasis (p = 0.0057) and mortality (p = 0.019). Kaplan-Meier plot analysis suggests that patient with higher levels of DAP3 expression had better overall survival compared to patients with lower levels of DAP3 expression (p = 0.075). DAP3 knock down strains in both cell lines demonstrated increased growth and migration compared to controls during ECIS. In addition, DAP3 knock down strains of MCF-7 appeared more resistant to serum hunger when compared to controls during the apoptosis assay. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates an inverse association between DAP3 mRNA levels and tumour stage and clinical stage in breast cancer. This is in keeping with the role of DAP3 as a pro-apoptotic protein. The in vitro evidence lends further credence to this hypothesis. The role of DAP3 may require further investigation to better understand the role of apoptosis in breast carcinogenesis, and may potentially serve as a prognostic marker for human breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-02-02.
VEGF-A recruits a proangiogenic MMP-9–delivering neutrophil subset that induces angiogenesis in transplanted hypoxic tissue
Authors: Gustaf Christoffersson, Evelina Vågesjö, Jennifer Vandooren, Majken Lidén, Sara Massena, Rachel B. Reinert, Marcela Brissova, Alvin C. Powers, Ghislain Opdenakker, Mia Phillipson
Journal: Blood (2012)
Timely and Appropriate Treatment of Acute Stroke
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa, Margaret A. Winker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sex differential in the relationship of electrocardiographic ST-T abnormalities to risk of coronary death: 11.5 year follow-up findings of the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry.
Authors: Y Liao, K Liu, A Dyer, J A Schoenberger, R B Shekelle, P Collette, J Stamler
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The independent contributions of ST segment depression and/or T wave abnormality (ST-T abnormalities) on the baseline resting electrocardiogram to risk of 11.5 year coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality were explored among 9203 white men and 7818 white women who were 40 to 64 years old and without definite CHD at entry in the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry. At baseline, prevalence rates of ST-T abnormalities were age related for both sexes, and at every age the rate was higher in women than men (age-adjusted prevalence rates 12.3% and 8.1%, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that ST-T abnormalities were associated with significantly increased risk of death from CHD for both men and women. However, men with ST-T abnormalities had much greater age-adjusted and multiple risk factor-adjusted absolute excess risk and relative risk than women with such electrocardiographic abnormalities. When baseline age, diastolic pressure, serum cholesterol, cigarettes/day, history of diabetes, and baseline use of antihypertensive medication were included in the multivariate analysis, ST-T abnormalities remained significantly related to death from CHD in men but not women. The interaction term between sex and ST-T abnormalities was at a borderline level of statistical significance by Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, ST-T abnormalities indicate an increased risk of subsequent death from CHD independent of major coronary risk factors for middle-aged U.S. men, but this is not clearly so for women.
WIRING WITH ELECTROLYSIS IN SACCULAR ANEURYSM
Authors: HOBART AMORY HARE
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In this article I report two additional cases of aneurysm of the thoracic aorta treated by wiring with electrolysis, and in addition make note of certain points in the technic of the procedure. As a result of thirty-six such operations, a number of points have arisen which deserve emphasis, the more so because at various times cases have been referred to me which were not suitable for the wiring operation, or instances have been reported to me in which failure occurred because of error in technic.  REPORT OF CASES  Case 1.  —E. J. S., a man, aged 40, admitted to the Jefferson Medical College Hospital, March 15, 1926, complained of excessive pain in and about the left scapula, radiating down the left arm and down the back as well. This pain had been so severe that he had been receiving up to 2 grains (0.13 Gm.) of morphine daily for
Presacral Choristoma in an Adult
Authors: Gerald Lewis Haidak, William Bates
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

AN extensive review of the literature concerning presacral teratoid tumors shows this type of lesion to be fairly unusual. Approximately 75 case reports are on record dating from 1831. Most of these reports deal with complications of various types —urinary retention (Brown and Brown1) or rectal displacement (Walker2), and a few with abscess formation (Brown and Brown1). Pack3 speaks of the rareness of malignant change in these lesions. However, all reports reviewed dealt with newborn or young children. Ravitch and Smith4 report a case in a thirteen-year-old girl. In the case reported below, although there were manifestations . . .
IgE Mediated Cow's Milk Allergy (CMA): Evaluation of Weight and Height of Patients at Admission and After one-year Follow-up in Use of Soy Products
Authors: G.H. Yonamine, G.A. Corradi, F.R.P. Afonso, A.P.B.M. Castro, A.C. Pastorino, C.M.A. Jacob
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
HHV-8–encoded viral IL-6 collaborates with mouse IL-6 in the development of multicentric Castleman disease in mice
Authors: Jan Suthaus, Christiane Stuhlmann-Laeisz, Van S. Tompkins, Timothy R. Rosean, Wolfram Klapper, Giovanna Tosato, Siegfried Janz, Jürgen Scheller, Stefan Rose-John
Journal: Blood (2012)
Platelet MAO activity in epilepsy.
Authors: Z L Kruk, A Moffett, D F Scott
Journal: BMJ (1978)

the embryonic circulatory system has developed interchange of transplantation antigens is possible; before this some traffic of trophoblastic cells or of subcellular material from the fetal complex to the mother may occur, while the passage of immunopotent substances into the embryo from the maternal circulation is also a possibility.Antigen thus transferred could be not only non-sensitising in form and amount but also capable of defunctioning rejection mechanisms in ways previously reviewed' and artificially explored.6Whichever of these hypothetical mechanisms may be shared with the cancer-host and the surgical transplant-recipient systems, it seems clear that the immunological equilibrium existing throughout pregnancy is a dynamic multifactorial system with a steady interchange of immune information and a concominant ever-changing series of reactions.Knowledge of the kinetics of humoral and cellular responses to the two-way traffic in trans- plantation antigens is the central need of further understanding.
Clinical Evaluation of Decision Support System for Insulin-Dose Adjustment in IDDM
Authors: Achim Peters, Markus Rübsamen, Ulrich Jacob, Dieter Look, Peter C Scriba
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective We developed a wallet-sized learning memory decision support system that helps patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus adjust their insulin dosages. Research Design and Methods To determine the efficacy of the support system, we designed a randomized clinical trial with patients participating in a program in a diabetes education center. Patients were assigned to two groups of 21 patients each. All patients performed self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and were treated with multiple daily injections of insulin. Each of the patients was examined over a 32-day period. The basic educational program, i.e., practical advice in SMBG, diet, and exercise under homelike conditions, was identical in both groups. The only difference was that the first group used the computer for adjusting the insulin dose, whereas the second group received recommendations from the education team. Results The baseline HbA1 levels (9.8 ± 1.6 vs. 9.9 ± 1.6%) of both groups did not differ significantly. Mean blood glucose over the last 2 wk of the study was higher (P &amp;lt; 0.01) in the second group (8.4 ± 1.4 vs. 9.2 ± 2.0 mM); the frequencies of hypoglycemic episodes were not different (1.7 vs. 2.3%). Conclusions Metabolic control and safety were comparable in both groups. Thus, patients may benefit from such a system at home where no support by diabetes educators is available.
Prolonged endothelin A receptor blockade attenuates chronic pulmonary hypertension in the ovine fetus.
Authors: D D Ivy, T A Parker, J W Ziegler, H L Galan, J P Kinsella, R M Tuder, S H Abman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Based on past studies of an experimental model of severe intrauterine pulmonary hypertension, we hypothesized that endothelin-1 (ET-1) contributes to high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), hypertensive lung structural changes, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) caused by prolonged closure of the ductus arteriosus. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of BQ 123, a selective ET(A) receptor antagonist, after ligation of the ductus arteriosus in utero. In 19 late gestation fetal lambs (126+/-3 d; 147 d, term) we ligated the ductus arteriosus at surgery, and treated animals with either BQ 123 (1 mg/d) or vehicle (0.1% DMSO, HTN) in the pulmonary artery for 8 d. Chronic BQ 123 treatment attenuated the rise in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 8 d after ductus arteriosus ligation (78+/-2, HTN vs. 70+/-4 mmHg, BQ 123, P < 0.05). To study the effects of ET(A) blockade at birth, 15 animals were delivered by cesarean section and ventilated with 10% oxygen (O2), 100% O2 and inhaled nitric oxide (NO). Lambs treated with BQ 123 had lower PVR after delivery during ventilation with 10% O2, 100% O2, and inhaled NO (HTN vs. BQ 123, P < 0.05 for each intervention). Acute BQ 123 treatment (2 mg/30 min) lowered PVR in three HTN animals ventilated with 100% O2 and inhaled NO (P < 0.05). Chronic BQ 123 treatment prevented the development of RVH as determined by the ratio of the right ventricle/left ventricle + septum (0.79+/-0.03, HTN vs. 0.57+/-0.06, BQ 123, P < 0.05) and attenuated the increase in wall thickness of small pulmonary arteries (61+/-2, HTN vs. 50+/-2%, BQ 123, P < 0.05). In summary, chronic intrauterine ET(A) receptor blockade decreased PAP in utero, decreased RVH and distal muscularization of small pulmonary arteries, and increased the fall in PVR at delivery. We conclude that ET(A) receptor stimulation contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of experimental perinatal pulmonary hypertension.
A NOTE ON THE PRODUCTION OF ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS SERA
Authors: Augustus B. Wadsworth, Mary Butler Kirkbride
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

Horses immunized to Type I pneumococci developed serum, 0.1 cc. of which protected against 0.5 cc. of a virulent culture, 0.000001 cc. of which killed mice in less than 40 hours. Protective tests of serum from horses immunized to Type II organisms varied, 0.1 cc. protecting, however, in certain instances against 0.1 and 0.01 cc. of virulent homologous culture. Types I and II sera obtained in our experiments with culture sediment and whole culture did not vary markedly for a given type and corresponded closely in their protective titer with samples of sera received from The Rockefeller Institute Hospital. It is therefore evident that the following minimum standard of 0.1 cc. of serum to protect mice against at least 0.2 cc. of virulent cultures can and should be maintained when serum is to be used for the treatment of cases. By further study and comparison of these different methods of immunization it is hoped that sera of greater potency may be produced, but as yet this has only been accomplished in exceptional instances. A horse immunized with Type III (Pneumococcus mucosus) developed serum having a slight degree of protection for mice against the corresponding organisms. This serum was sufficiently potent, however, to cause prompt and complete agglutination when combined with fresh untreated homologous organisms, thus avoiding the preliminary treatment to remove the capsule which has previously been held necessary. As a diagnostic aid in the differentiation of pneumococcus strains, the serum has proved of distinct value.
Morphine: controlled trial of different methods of administration for postoperative pain relief.
Authors: P C Rutter, F Murphy, H A Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Forty-five patients who had undergone major operations were given a slow intravenous injection of morphine sulphate (1 mg/ml saline) until their pain was relieved and were then randomly divided into three equal groups to receive different regimens of morphine sulphate over the next 72 hours. Patients in group A received 3.5 times the pain-relieving dose (28-63 mg, mean 36 mg) by continuous intravenous infusion; those in group B received the pain-relieving dose (90-160 mg, mean 110 mg) intramuscularly, four-hourly for the first 24 hours, six-hourly for the next 24 hours, and then eight and 20 hours later; and those in group C received the pain-relieving dose (80-280 mg, mean 140 mg) intramuscularly as required. Pain was assessed on a linear analogue scale and vital capacity and peak expiratory flow rate measured 12-hourly. The mean pain score was significantly lower and respiratory function significantly better in group A than in groups B and C. Only one patient (in group A) required extra morphine. Thus morphine administered by continuous intravenous infusion is superior to other regimens, giving better pain relief at a lower dosage.
Traumatised refugees
Authors: Andrew O Frank
Journal: BMJ (2007)

stent thrombosisAntiplatelets alone won't do the job Gershlick and Richardson say that premature discontinuation of clopidogrel is the greatest risk factor for thrombosis of drug eluting stents. 1 In Iakovou's series thrombosis occurred in five of 17 patients (29%) who prematurely discontinued dual antiplatelet therapy. 2 One of them discontinued only clopidogrel, and the others stopped both antiplatelets (aspirin and clopidogrel or ticlopidine).We do not know whether continuation of aspirin alone would have been adequate to prevent thrombosis associated with drug eluting stents.In only a minority of patients (five out of 29; 17%) did discontinuation of antiplatelets seem to have a role in the occurrence of stent thrombosis.The tragedy of drug eluting stents is not the risk of late stent thrombosis but the fact that these devices have only a limited effect on patients' wellbeing.In several randomised trials they did not lead to a lower mortality and did not affect the incidence of acute myocardial infarction. 3Recently presented meta-analyses and data from registries show that they might increase the occurrence of acute infarctions and even late mortality. 4 5
HTLV-1-related lymphoma in Hong Kong Chinese
Authors: W.Y. Au, J.Y.C. Lo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

HTLV-1-Related Lymphoma in Hong Kong ChineseTo the Editor: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an endemic infection in Southwest Japan and northern Taiwan [1] with carrier rates from 6% to 37% [2] and a 2.5% lifetime risk of adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia (ATLL).It accounts for 8-20% of all lymphomas in parts of Japan [2,3].The first case of ATLL in Hong Kong was reported in 1994 [4], and the associated HTLV-1 was virologically similar to nearby strains
Ammonia Disposal in Reye's Syndrome
Authors: Arnold L. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

IN 1963 R.D.K. Reye and his colleagues described a constellation of clinical signs and symptoms in children consisting of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the viscera. Since that time this syndrome characterized by a prodromal viral or viral-like illness, followed by pernicious vomiting and increasing cerebral cortical dysfunction, has been recognized with increasing frequency. The pattern of fatty infiltration of the viscera, described by Reye et al. is specific, consisting, in the liver, of multiple small droplets of lipid uniformly distributed throughout the hepatocyte.1 Hepatic dysfunction is reflected in increased serum ammonia concentration, increased serum glutamic oxalacetate activity, and prolongation . . .