tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Echovirus Meningitis and False-Positive Lyme Test Results
Authors: Del J. DeHart, Ramesh Avula, Sivakumar R. Munnangi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters1 April 1992Echovirus Meningitis and False-Positive Lyme Test ResultsDel J. DeHart, MD, Ramesh Avula, MD, Sivakumar R. Munnangi, MDDel J. DeHart, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Ramesh Avula, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Sivakumar R. Munnangi, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-7-603_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editors: Conditions reported to give false-positive results in enzyme immunoassays for Lyme disease include other spirochetal infections, viral infections (for example, Epstein-Barr virus), and autoimmune diseases (1). Most questions are resolved by appropriate clinical and laboratory evaluation (2). Enteroviral infections cause several characteristic syndromes, but are most often nonspecific or asymptomatic. Definitive diagnosis requires culture or serologic tests, or both. We report a case of aseptic meningitis that was caused by echovirus type 30 and that resulted in a transient false-positive result on an enzyme immunoassay for Lyme disease.A 39-year-old man was admitted with a history of...References1. Craft J, Grodzicki R, and Steere A. Antibody response in Lyme disease: evaluation of diagnostic tests. J Infect Dis. 1984;149:789-95. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Weiss N, Philips M, and Sadock V. False positive seroreactivity to B. burgorferi in rheumatic disease: the value of immunoblotting [abstract]. IV International Conference on Lyme Borreliosis. 1990; 122. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Del J. DeHart, MD; Ramesh Avula, MD; Sivakumar R. Munnangi, MDAffiliations: Michigan State University College of Human Medicine Saginaw Cooperative Hospitals, Inc. Saginaw, MI 48602 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFalse positive ELISA serologic test for lyme borreliosis in patients with connective tissue diseasesLYME DISEASE 1 April 1992Volume 116, Issue 7Page: 603-604KeywordsAutoimmune diseasesClinical laboratoriesEnzyme immunoassayEpstein-Barr virusInfectious disease immunologyLyme diseaseMeningitisResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prison Rape and Suicide-Reply
Authors: Gordon S. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  We agree with Dr Wiggs that homosexual rape in prison may be a significant risk factor for inmate suicide. However, our data sources (prison census and death investigation information, as well as death certificates) included no information for either the completed suicides or the prison population on the incidence of homosexual rape. Differences between self-reported lifetime prevalence of sexual assaults in prison (up to 9%) and those reported to prison authorities (a handful each year)1suggest that underreporting of such activities is substantial. This consequently restricts the ability to conduct such studies, even with information from prison authorities on reported rapes. There is a need for more detailed followup to investigate risk factors for prison suicide, including its relationship to prison rape.
Lnk constrains myeloproliferative diseases in mice
Authors: Alexey Bersenev, Chao Wu, Joanna Balcerek, Jiang Jing, Mondira Kundu, Gerd A. Blobel, Kudakwashe R. Chikwava, Wei Tong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion is regulated by intrinsic signaling pathways activated by cytokines. The intracellular kinase JAK2 plays an essential role in cytokine signaling, and activating mutations in JAK2 are found in a number of hematologic malignancies. We previously demonstrated that lymphocyte adaptor protein (Lnk, also known as Sh2b3) binds JAK2 and attenuates its activity, thereby limiting HSPC expansion. Here we show that loss of Lnk accelerates and exacerbates oncogenic JAK2-induced myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) in mice. Specifically, Lnk deficiency enhanced cytokine-independent JAK/STAT signaling and augmented the ability of oncogenic JAK2 to expand myeloid progenitors in vitro and in vivo. An activated form of JAK2, unable to bind Lnk, caused greater myeloid expansion than activated JAK2 alone and accelerated myelofibrosis, indicating that Lnk directly inhibits oncogenic JAK2 in constraining MPD development. In addition, Lnk deficiency cooperated with the BCR/ABL oncogene, the product of which does not directly interact with or depend on JAK2 or Lnk, in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) development, suggesting that Lnk also acts through endogenous pathways to constrain HSPCs. Consistent with this idea, aged Lnk-/- mice spontaneously developed a CML-like MPD. Taken together, our data establish Lnk as a bona fide suppressor of MPD in mice and raise the possibility that Lnk dysfunction contributes to the development of hematologic malignancies in humans.
GPC5 rs2352028 variant and risk of lung cancer in never smokers
Authors: Maria Teresa Landi, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Neil E Caporaso, Melissa Rotunno, Demetrius Albanes, Michael Thun, William Wheeler, Albert Rosenberger, Heike Bickeböller, Angela Risch, Yufei Wang, Valerie Gaborieau, Thorgeir Thorgeirsson, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Patrick Sulem, Margaret R Spitz, H Erich Wichmann, Thorunn Rafnar, Kari Stefansson, Richard S Houlston, Paul Brennan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2010)
1064-187 A novel metabolic effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein: Downregulation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase via a CD36 scavenger receptor-mediated redox pathway involving 5-lipoxygenase
Authors: Sergiy Sukhanov, Koichi Ono, Yusuke Higashi, Patrick Delafontaine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
People do not want cuts made to other public services to protect NHS, survey finds
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The public thinks that the NHS wastes money, and people are not willing to see further cuts to other public services to preserve current NHS services, the British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey has found.

The NHS chief executive, Simon Stevens, has said that the NHS will need at least an extra £8bn (€10.9bn; $12.4bn) to plug a funding shortfall by the end of the next government term to protect services.1 The authors of the survey report, Public Attitudes to the NHS ,2 said that this raises important questions about where this money should come from and how the NHS should be funded in the future.

A total of 2878 people in Britain were questioned during the summer and early autumn of 2014 for the BSA survey. Most respondents (89%) supported the principles of a tax funded NHS that is free at the point of use and provides comprehensive care. Labour supporters were slightly more likely to have this view.

However, more than half (51%) of …
Pneumoconiosis and systemic sclerosis following 10 years of exposure to polyvinyl chloride dust.
Authors: M J Studnicka, G Menzinger, M Drlicek, H Maruna, M G Neumann
Journal: Thorax (1995)

The case history is presented of a 58 year old man who was exposed to thermoplastic dusts, mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), for 10 years. Radiography and high resolution computed tomographic scans of the lungs suggested both pneumoconiotic and scleroderma-like lesions. Transbronchial biopsy revealed foreign body granulomas with macrophages laden with birefringent inclusions which ultrastructurally resembled PVC dust. Biopsy samples of thickened skin showed histological evidence of extensive fibrosis. During follow up Raynaud9s phenomenon and oesophageal involvement developed. The antinuclear antibody titre was 1:640, and the Sc1-70 subset was positive. It is concluded that exposure to PVC dust may cause pneumoconiosis and secondary systemic sclerosis.
From an undifferentiated cry towards a modulated signal
Authors: Johannes Lehtonen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

The colic cry as a signal of undifferentiated vigour, and not a disease, is good news. This hypothesis also has neurobiological perspectives. Feeding increases the pain threshold of the infant and has an effect on its brain functions. These may contribute, by neurobiological mechanisms, to the gradual decline in the tendency for excessive crying during the first months of life.
Rapid decrease of serum cholesterol concentration and postpartum depression
Authors: B. Ploeckinger, K. Dantendorfer, M. Ulm, W. Baischer, K. Derfler, M. Musalek, C. Dadak
Journal: BMJ (1996)

On the basis of studies of pharmacological reduction of serum lipid concentrations, it has been suggested that reduction in serum cholesterol and triglyceride is associated with occurrence of depressive symptoms, suicides, and violent deaths.1 2 3 Pregnancy induces a physiological rise in both serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, with peak concentrations at term and a rapid decrease within a few days after delivery. Maternity blues is a common complication of the puerperium independent of obstetric variables.4 We postulated that the sudden fall in blood lipids after delivery could serve as a “natural” model to test the suggested association between serum lipids and mood.

We studied 20 healthy primiparous women (mean age 25.3, SD 3.7, range 19-34 years) without substantial marital, health, or socioeconomic problems and without a history of psychiatric disorders who registered consecutively for obstetric …
Alcoholic Fatty Infiltration of the Liver; Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problem.
Authors: Robert E. Dye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Alcoholic Fatty Infiltration of the Liver; Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problem.Robert E. Dye, M.D., Graham H. Jeffries, M.R.C.P., Marvin H. Sleisenger, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert E. Dye, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Graham H. Jeffries, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Marvin H. Sleisenger, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-325_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAcute fatty infiltration of the liver presents a challenging problem. It is our purpose to report a series of patients whose presenting complaints and course seemed to fit a characteristic clinical pattern. The initial clinical impression was usually primary or secondary malignant biliary-tract disease. Hepatitis or cirrhosis—acute fatty infiltration being rarely considered. Fatty infiltration was established in most patients by needle biopsy of the liver, at laparotomy, or at necropsy. The series comprised 42 patients, two thirds of them female who were predominantly middle-aged with massive hepatomegaly and a symptom complex that included anorexia, fever, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 325-325KeywordsAlcoholicsBiopsyFeversHepatitisHepatomegalyLaparotomyLiverNauseaVomitingWeight loss Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Genetic, Metabolic, and Clinical Study on One Hundred Cerebral Palsied Patients
Authors: Johanna Blumel
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The genetic component must be considered as one of the mechanisms responsible for some types of cerebral palsy. Fifty of the 100 cases here reviewed were of prenatal origin. Eleven cases had a developmental etiology and 32 were due to prematurity. In the perinatal group 24 cases were due to anoxia. These etiological factors are the least understood, and the present investigation indicates that some genetic mechanism is involved. It was found that the sex ratio of the normal siblings was one, whereas in the cerebral palsied group there was an excess of boys. Primogeniture was not considered a predisposing factor in cerebral palsy. Incomplete pregnancies, ranging from one to five per family, were present in 30 families. The distribution of blood groups among the 100 patients gave an excess of group A above the expected number.
Pure Red-cell Aplasia in Marasmus and Kwashiorkor Treated with Riboflavine
Authors: H. Foy, A. Kondi, L. Macdougall
Journal: BMJ (1961)

During an investigation of the anaemias in marasmus and kwashiorkor it was found that a considerable proportion of patients developed pure red-cell aplasia or hypoplasia during treatment.So far selective red-cell aplasia has not been reported as a complication of marasmus and kwashiorkor, perhaps because critical haematological work and bone- marrow cytology have not been extensively done in these conditions, and serial bone-marrow punctures are not commonly performed on small infants.As the aplasia does not usually develop until two weeks or more after admission, a single marrow examination done at that stage, when red-cell precursors are usually high, will not reveal a hypoplasia that is yet to appear.From the present investigation it seems that this type of aplasia is a fairly common accompaniment of *Riboflavine used in this work was kindly supplied by Roche Products Ltd.
A perspective on the use of tubeless pancreatic function tests in diagnosis
Authors: E P DIMAGNO
Journal: Gut (1998)

For many years, gastroenterologists have searched for the holy grail of pancreatic function tests—the tubeless test. The quest is to find an accurate, simple, easy, sensitive, and specific non-invasive test that can detect mild to moderate decreased exocrine function in patients without signs of pancreatic disease on imaging tests. Such a test would increase the possibility of diagnosing early chronic pancreatitis and perhaps pancreatic cancer as pancreatic function may decrease in pancreatic diseases before imaging tests become abnormal. However, tests based on decreased exocrine function can never be one hundred per cent sensitive for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis; even some patients with pancreatic calcification, a recognised hallmark of advanced chronic pancreatitis, have normal exocrine function.1 

Generally, modern tubeless tests satisfactorily distinguish pancreatic from non-pancreatic malabsorption as they are sensitive indicators of pancreatic disease when pancreatic function is severely decreased. However, for pancreatic insufficiency to be severe enough to produce malabsorption, secretion of pancreatic enzymes must be 5–10% or less than normal.2 3 In this case, pancreatic disease is advanced and the diagnosis often is obvious by other means. Therefore, tubeless tests are highly sensitive only when malabsorption is present and generally are not a useful clinical test with which to make the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

The foundation of non-invasive tubeless tests rests on decreased pancreatic function increasing the amounts of unabsorbed food (fat, protein, carbohydrate) in stool or decreasing the amount of enzymes (for example, chymotrypsin, elastase, amylase, lipase) in the blood or faeces. Compounds also have been designed and synthesised that are hydrolysed within the gut lumen by pancreatic enzymes. Use of these compounds as pancreatic function tests is based upon measuring decreased amounts or concentrations of the products of the …
Clearance of bacteriuria on discontinuing oral contraception
Authors: J. D Billingham
Journal: BMJ (1980)

the administration of intravenous sodium bicar- bonate, his urinary output rose to 50 ml/hour.However, by the next day blood urea had risen to 38 mmol/I (229 mg/100 ml) and the urate level was unchanged.Urgent haemodialysis was performed, with biochemical improvement; in particular, postdialysis urate was 0 50 mmol,l (8 40 mg/ 100 ml).Following a single haemodialysis his diuresis continued over the next three days and his recovery was otherwise uneventful, with no residual renal impairment.We agree that acute renal failure due to a nephrotoxic effect of alcohol is unlikely.In our case muscle damage was both apparent clinically and confirmed biochemically.How- ever, the uric acid level was also grossly ele- vated.The mechanism of acute renal failure as a consequence of myoglobinuria is uncertain although it has been suggested that other factors, including shock and acidosis, are important.'It is well recognised that hyperuricaemia occurs following muscle damage.'Additionally, hyperuricaemia may lead to acute renal failure in the absence of muscle damage.3Muscle damage may result from pressure necrosis following immobility during alcoholic stupor.4We suggest that the resulting hyperuricaemia is a major aetiological factor in the development of acute renal failure in this situation.In similar cases, priority should be given to the estimation of uric acid level and if it is grossly elevated then urgent alkalinisation to increase uric acid solubility and dialysis to reduce uric acid load is indicated.In such circumstances haemodialysis is to be greatly preferred to peritoneal dialysis, as urate clearance is significantly greater.3
Pragmatic approach is effective in evidence based health care
Authors: J. Clarke, R. Wentz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—We agree with Guyatt et al that providing evidence based answers to clinical questions requires intensive study and application if the process is seen in the context of a systematic review of the original literature.1 The main stumbling block remains the difficulty of constructing complex searches appropriate for a range of potential sources.

We suggest that many typical clinical questions can be answered by using a …
Imaging of bronchial carcinoid tumours with indium-111 pentetreotide.
Authors: K J O'Byrne, N J O'Hare, P J Freyne, D A Luke, L J Clancy, J S Prichard, D N Carney
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Neuroendocrine tumours are characterised by the expression of high affinity binding sites for somatostatin. The detection of bronchial carcinoid tumours through scintigraphic imaging is described in two patients using the novel radiolabelled somatostatin analogue indium-111 pentetreotide.
Civil War Medicine: Challenges and Triumphs
Authors: Greg F. Burke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Medical Writings: Book Notes21 May 2002Civil War Medicine: Challenges and TriumphsGreg F. Burke, MDGreg F. Burke, MDGeisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania. (Burke)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-10-200205210-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Bollet AJ. 489 pages. Tucson, AZ: Galen Pr; 2002. $44.95. ISBN 1883620082. Order phone 800-442-5369.Field of medicine: History of medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians and health care professionals interested in medical history, particularly Civil War medicine, and those without a medical background seeking a greater understanding of medical and surgical practice during the Civil War.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive but readable historical review of medical practice during the U.S. Civil War.Content: This single volume, which is ambitious in scope, covers all the major aspects of medical and surgical care during the Civil War. Chapters include a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania. (Burke) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 May 2002Volume 136, Issue 10Page: 784KeywordsChronic diarrheaCyclic adenosine monophosphateHealth careHistory of medicineInfectious disease epidemiologyMalnutritionMedical servicesMetabolic disordersNutritionSoftware tools ePublished: 21 May 2002 Issue Published: 21 May 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Crosstalk between the Type 1 Interferon and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathways Confers Resistance to a Lethal Virus Infection
Authors: Daniel Rubio, Ren-Huan Xu, Sanda Remakus, Tracy E. Krouse, Mary Ellen Truckenmiller, Roshan J. Thapa, Siddharth Balachandran, Antonio Alcamí, Christopher C. Norbury, Luis J. Sigal
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Neck lump in a young woman
Authors: D. Burrage, F. U. Hassan, S. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A 27 year old woman presented to her general practitioner with an increase in the size of a longstanding lump in her neck. She had first noticed it four years ago, as a small right sided lump, but in recent months it had increased in size to cause obvious asymmetry. Over the past few years she has also experienced flushing when drinking alcohol and loose stools. Her only medical history was tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy as a child. She had no family history of endocrinopathy or sudden death. On examination, she had a single well defined lump in the right anterior triangle, extending down to her clavicle. She was clinically euthyroid and thyroid function tests were unremarkable. ### 1 Name five criteria that should prompt urgent outpatient referral for a neck lump #### Short answer Local symptoms such as voice changes, a nodule in a child, cervical lymphadenopathy, rapid enlargement, or stridor should prompt urgent referral. #### Long answer Urgent referral (under two weeks) to a local ear, nose, and throat or endocrine surgeon should be prompted by any of the following:
Visualization of the uptake and processing of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in human and rat liver
Authors: Sebastiaan Esbach, Moniek N. Pieters, Johannes Van Der Boom, Donald Schouten, M. Niels Van Der Heyde, Paul J. M. Roholl, Adriaan Brouwer, Theo J. C. Van Berkel, Dick L. Knook
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

The interaction of oxidized human low-density lipoproteins with human and rat liver was analyzed by light and electron microscopy. At the light microscopic level oxidized low-density lipoprotein was visualized by the fluorescent dye 1,1' dioctadecyl 3,3,3',3' tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate, whereas at the electron microscopic level, an indirect immunolabeling procedure was used that detected the apoprotein B of the oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In rats, oxidized low-density lipoprotein was administered intravenously, and uptake by human liver was studied by perfusion of tissue blocks. Both in human and in rat liver, fluorescently labeled oxidized low-density lipoprotein was mainly found to become concentrated in Kupffer cells and, to a lesser extent, in endothelial cells. In both species the cell association of fluorescently labeled oxidized low-density lipoprotein could be inhibited by preadministration of polyinosinic acid, indicating a scavenger receptor-mediated process. At the electron microscopic level, oxidized low-density lipoprotein was found to bind mainly to areas of the plasma membrane of the Kupffer cells without clathrin coating, although binding to coated regions was also noticed. Internalization of the ligand occurred through coated vesicle formation and through membrane folding of interacting lamellipodia and wormlike structures. No indication for phagocytosis of aggregated oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles was noticed. After internalization, the immunoreactive oxidized low-density lipoprotein was detected in relatively electron-lucent endosomes and, subsequently, in lysosomes. Endothelial cells internalized oxidized low-density lipoprotein solely through coated pits, after which the particles were transferred through endosomes into lysosomes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)