tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perinatal Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Production, Influenced by Maternal Pregnancy Weight Gain, Predicts Childhood Asthma
Authors: Marilyn Halonen, I. Carla Lohman, Debra A. Stern, Whitney L. Ellis, Janet Rothers, Anne L. Wright
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Innate immune responses marked by increases in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α have been associated with asthma but whether such alterations are evident before symptoms is not yet clear.To determine if prevalence of childhood asthma or asthma-related traits is predicted by perinatal innate immune status and if maternal factors related to pregnancy influence asthma prevalence and innate immune status.In the Tucson Infant Immune Study (a nonselected birth cohort), presence of eczema and wheezing in the child's first year and physician-diagnosed asthma through age 9 and asthma in the parents was obtained from parent-completed questionnaires. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 were measured in supernatants of LPS-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells at birth and 3 months as was TNF-α in plasma. TNF-α single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped by Sequenom. Percent predicted FEV1/FVC was measured at age 9. Maternal weight gain during pregnancy and prepregnancy weight were ascertained from medical records.Infants with persistently elevated LPS-induced TNF-α at birth and 3 months were at increased risk for childhood asthma (odds ratio [OR], 4.1; confidence interval [CI], 1.9-8.8; n = 233; P = 0.0003) and had decreased FEV1/FVC ratios at age 9. Children with mothers in the top tertile for pregnancy weight gain had increased risk for asthma (OR, 3.4; CI, 1.7-6.9; n = 225; P = 0.001) and persistently elevated TNF-α in early life (OR, 2.9; CI, 1.4-8.2; n = 195; P = 0.013). These relations were independent of maternal asthma and rhinitis.Persistently elevated LPS-induced TNF-α production early in life acts as a predictive biomarker for childhood asthma, and excess pregnancy weight gain in the mother seems to contribute to both.
Three-phase Bone Scintigraphy in Pellegrini-Stieda Disease
Authors: REN-SHYAN LIU, CHRONG-SONQ CHOU, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

In a patient with Pellegrini-Stieda disease, radiographs of the knees were unremarkable at the time the threephase bone scintigraphy was abnormal. The results of follow-up radiographs three months later remained normal in the left knee, where local steroid injection was given, but revealed typical positive results In the right knee with no treatment. The three-phase bone scintlgraphic pattern is rather typical and antedates the radiographic changes. Thus, the radionuclide technique would provide a useful procedure for the early diagnosis and treatment of Pellegrini-Stieda disease.
Modern Medicine: A Textbook for Students, Practitioners and Examiners
Authors: Harry B. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Far less encyclopedic than the popular American textbooks,<i>Modern Medicine</i>describes the diseases likely to be encountered in medical practice as well as many that are rarely seen. But it does so in considerably less detail than the American texts. Nonetheless,<i>Modern Medicine</i>offers its readers so much information that medical students and practitioners will probably find the topics they seek in its eight-page index. The book begins with a discussion of normal man and ends with lists of liquid and solid diets and tables of normal values. Its 21 contributors rely heavily on photographs, diagrams, charts, and tables to get their ideas across. Often, they use uncluttered, black-and-white line drawings to depict the physical features of a disease, as well as many of its pathologic and physiologic findings. Treatment is not slighted. Discussions include the management of patients with mental and neurologic disease and take up the principles of
Off-Pump Bypass Surgery—Ready for the Big Dance?
Authors: Eric D. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thyrocardiac Disease and Its Management with Radioactive Iodine I131
Authors: Clement Delit
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Hyperthyroidism was treated with I131 in 1,603 cases. These included cases of diffuse toxic goiter and nodular goiter with hyperthyroidism. There were 187 patients with congestive heart failure, 30 with angina pectoris, and 32 with combined angina pectoris and congestive failure. In addition, there were 107 patients with atrial fibrillation but without congestive failure or angina. Radioiodine was the only treatment used for the hyperthyroid state. The cardiac status was strikingly improved in all groups studied. The number of treatments and incidence of myxedema was almost the same for the cardiac and noncardiac patients. The total administered dose averaged 7.0 millicuries for the entire series and 11.5 for the cardiac patients. The recurrence rate was less than 1%. The authors believe that I<sup>131</sup>is the treatment choice for thyrocardiac disease.
Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus
Authors: Petros Vafiadis, Simon T. Bennett, John A. Todd, Joseph Nadeau, Rosemarie Grabs, Cynthia G. Goodyer, Saman Wickramasinghe, Eleanor Colle, Constantin Polychronakos
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Giant Eosinophilic Granules in the Chronic Di Guglielmo Syndrome
Authors: Harvey E. Finkel, Mark J. Brauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

WHILE examining the Wright-Giemsa-stained bone-marrow aspirate of a patient with a chronic myeloproliferative disorder of the Di Guglielmo type, we were struck by the remarkably large size of the granules in the eosinophils. Many were more than four times the normal size, exceeding 2 miera in diameter. Most of the granules were of an orange hue, but some metachromasia was present. The cells, although bizarre, manifested the usual morphologic appearance and maturation of eosinophilic granulocytes, rather than that of cells containing inclusions as a result of secretory or phagocytic activity. This finding was present on all the smears of 3 . . .
Torsion of a Testicular Appendage in an Adult Male
Authors: CHRISTOPHER J. PALESTRO, ELI P. MANOR, CHUN K. KIM, STANLEY J. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Torsion of a testicular appendage is a self-limited process: with rest and analgesics, it resolves within one week. Clinically, the patient presents with a gradual onset of mild to moderate scrotal pain localized to the upper pole of the testis. Urinary symptoms are absent. The infarcted appendage may be seen through the thin scrotal skin; this “blue dot” sign is pathognomonic of the entity. It is not always possible, on clinical grounds alone, to distinguish torsion of an appendage from torsion of a testis; under these circumstances, radionuclide scrotal scintigraphy is a paramount diagnostic modality, rapidly and accurately separating those individuals who require surgical intervention from those in whom more conservative therapy will suffice. The radionuclide presentation of torsion of a testicular appendage is most often that of a normal scan, although mildly increased perfusion as well as photopenic defects have been reported. The case presented is unusual because of the patient's age (25 years old) and the striking scan appearance.
Problem-Oriented Record
Authors: CARMI Z. MARGOLIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments1 October 1973Problem-Oriented RecordCARMI Z. MARGOLIS, M.D.CARMI Z. MARGOLIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-4-610 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Feinstein's analysis of the problem-oriented record (Ann Intern Med78:751-62, 1973) is refreshing because it is carefully reasoned and dispassionate (1). Several of Feinstein's arguments, however, which lean heavily on statements in the evangelical style that he deplores (18 of 28 references are to Weed'sMedical Records, Medical Education, and Patient Care), seem to indicate some unfamiliarity with the problem-oriented record in operation. I wish to review several of his arguments in the light of 4 years of experience in using the problem-oriented record in a pediatric ward and ambulatory setting.I agree with some of...References1. GOLDFINGER S: The problem oriented record: a critique from a believer. N Engl J Med 288:606-608, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HURST J: Two reasons why Lawrence Weed is right. N Engl J Med 284:51-52, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HURSTWALKERHALL JHW: More reasons why Weed is right. N Engl J Med 288:629-30, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WEED L: Medical Records, Medical Education, and Patient Care. The Problem-Oriented Record as a Basic Tool. Cleveland, The Press of Case Western Reserve University, 1969, p. 28 Google Scholar5. BJORNCROSS JH: The Problem-Oriented Practice of Medicine: A System for Comprehensive Health Care. Chicago, Modern Hospital Press, 1970 Google Scholar6. SCHULTZCAUTRILLMORGAN JSK: An Initial Operational Problem-Oriented Medical Record System—for Storage, Manipulation, and Retrieval of Data. The Problem Oriented System, edited by HURST J.W., WALKER HK., New York, MEDCOM Press, 1972, pp. 201-250 Google Scholar7. SOXSOXTOMKINS HCR: Training of physician's assistants by a clinical algorithm system. N Engl J Med 288:818-824, 1972 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical Education Research and Development Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1973Volume 79, Issue 4Page: 610-611KeywordsAlgorithms Issue Published: 1 October 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
"Meteorobiology" may have a role in sudden infant death
Authors: B. Schluter
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—A S Douglas and colleagues conclude that seasonal variation in the sudden infant death syndrome is an unexplained epidemiological feature with the potential to be an important clue to the aetiology of the syndrome.1 They addressed the possible role of exposure of the eyes to light. Sunlight has powerful biological effects—for example, on the metabolism of vitamin D, …
William Osler and the New Psychiatry
Authors: PAUL R. McHUGH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

William Osler steered medical education towards knowledge of the natural history of disease and the biological sciences that explain its course and characteristic symptoms. A psychiatric education is now ready to move from a pre-Oslerian period, where the emphasis has been on teaching therapy, to a post-Oslerian discipline, where teaching focuses on distinctions in the presentation of psychiatric disorders and the basic sciences that can illuminate the causes and pathologic mechanisms behind abnormal human behaviors. Educational programs based on such ideas eliminate the denominationalism that has characterized psychiatry and make it more obviously a subdiscipline of medicine.
In the Hunt for Therapeutic Targets: Mimicking the Growth, Metastasis, and Stromal Associations of Early-Stage Lung Cancer Using a Novel Orthotopic Animal Model
Authors: Ido D. Weiss, Ezra Ella, Omri Dominsky, Yoav Smith, Michal Abraham, Hanna Wald, Zippora Shlomai, Gideon Zamir, Sara W. Feigelson, Elias Shezen, Amir Bar-Shai, Ronen Alon, Uzi Izhar, Amnon Peled, Oz M. Shapira, Ori Wald
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
AN INTAKE AND OUTPUT CHART FOR HOSPITAL RECORD
Authors: Lowrain E. McCrea
Journal: JAMA (1927)

One of the most difficult records to have accurately kept in routine hospital work is the "intake and output" chart. It was my aim to devise a chart that would at a glance give accurately the amount of all fluids ingested and the amount of urine excreted at individual hours throughout the day and night. This chart was designed while I was in the urologic service in the Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn. It was accepted by the staff and has been used since as a routine as part of the permanent record. The chart is so arranged that the recording in the intake column on the left and the output on the right both begin at 7 a. m., continuing through the day until 7 p. m., and from 7 p. m. to 7 a. m. The exact amount of fluid ingested or excreted may be hourly noted. There
184 CARVEDILOL VS PROPRANOLOL IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: E.V.B. Razon-Gonzalez, E.S. Tripon, M.E. Velasquez, A. Salvana, E.A. Dela Cruz, R. Forroza, M.A. De Lusong, J. Ong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Hemorrhage from Duodenal Ulcer during the Administration of Reserpine
Authors: John D. Wofford, Alvin J. Cummins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

RESERPINE has become increasingly popular in a wide variety of clinical conditions since its isolation in 1952.1 The hypotensive and bradycardic action is useful in the treatment of hypertension.2 The tranquilizing effect is valuable in neuropsychiatric disorders.3 4 5 With the larger dosages now being used and the longer clinical experience with reserpine, several serious side effects have been noted. Recent studies have paid particular attention to the gastrointestinal tract.In dogs, stimulation of gastric hydrochloric acid production by reserpine in both the vagally innervated gastric fistula pouch and the vagally denervated Heidenhain pouch has been demonstrated by Barrett et al.6 These . . .
Cryptic insertion and translocation or nondividing leukemic cells disclosed by FISH analysis in infant acute leukemia with discrepant molecular and cytogenetic findings
Authors: N Watanabe, H Kobayashi, O Ichiji, M A Yoshida, A Kikuta, Y Komada, I Sekine, Y Ishida, Y Horiukoshi, Y Tsunematsu, M Yano, H Nakadate, Y Kaneko
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/Angiogenesis-(1–7)/Mas Axis Confers Cardiopulmonary Protection against Lung Fibrosis and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Vinayak Shenoy, Anderson J. Ferreira, Yanfei Qi, Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva, Carlos Díez-Freire, Autumn Dooies, Joo Yun Jun, Srinivas Sriramula, Nithya Mariappan, Dorna Pourang, Changaram S. Venugopal, Joseph Francis, Timothy Reudelhuber, Robson A. Santos, Jawaharlal M. Patel, Mohan K. Raizada, Michael J. Katovich
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

An activated vasoconstrictive, proliferative, and fibrotic axis of the renin angiotensin system (angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE]/angiotensin [Ang]II/AngII type 1 receptor) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). The recent discovery of a counterregulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system composed of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas has led us to examine the role of this vasoprotective axis on such disorders.We hypothesized that Ang-(1-7) treatment would exert protective effects against PF and PH.Lentiviral packaged Ang-(1-7) fusion gene or ACE2 cDNA was intratracheally administered into the lungs of male Sprague Dawley rats. Two weeks after gene transfer, animals received bleomycin (2.5 mg/kg). In a subsequent study, animals were administered monocrotaline (MCT, 50 mg/kg).In the PF study, bleomycin administration resulted in a significant increase in right ventricular systolic pressure, which was associated with the development of right ventricular hypertrophy. The lungs of these animals also exhibited excessive collagen deposition, decreased expression of ACE and ACE2, increased mRNA levels for transforming growth factor β and other proinflammatory cytokines, and increased protein levels of the AT₁R. Overexpression of Ang-(1-7) significantly prevented all the above-mentioned pathophysiological conditions. Similar protective effects were also obtained with ACE2 overexpression. In the PH study, rats injected with MCT developed elevated right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular remodeling, all of which were attenuated by Ang-(1-7) overexpression. Blockade of the Mas receptor abolished the beneficial effects of Ang-(1-7) against MCT-induced PH.Our observations demonstrate a cardiopulmonary protective role for the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis in the treatment of lung disorders.
Flamed on the Net
Authors: David N. Rosenfeld
Journal: JAMA (2015)

My heart sank as I read the words. They stirred up distant memories of past rejections and humiliations. But unlike those of long ago, these comments had not been written on scraps of paper in the back of a grade school classroom or scribbled on a bathroom wall. They were out in cyberspace, available for anyone with eyes in their head and a computer screen to see. That was how I found them, on an impromptu egosurf during my lunch hour. All those empty stars beside my name on one of the doctor-rating websites felt like a punch to the gut.
Immunologic Analysis of Mononuclear Cells in Liver Tissues and Blood of Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Theresa L. Whiteside, Steven Lasky, Lusheng Si, David H. van Thiel
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Using monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens, we typed and quantitated the mononuclear cells (MNCs) infiltrating liver tissues from 23 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. The circulating T lymphocytes were also enumerated by flow cytometry in 12 of these patients. In blood, T lymphocytes and especially T8+ cells were decreased. T cells were the major components of MNCs (78%) in portal tracts. Few of these cells were Tac+ or HLA-DR+. Total MNCs (929 +/- 90 vs. 106 +/- 18 in controls) included 11% M1+ and 8% B1+ cells. Aggregates of T4+ and T8+ cells were common in portal areas. The portal T4/T8 ratio of 1.27 +/- 0.1 was significantly (p less than 0.01) different than that around proliferating bile ductules (0.8 +/- 0.1). The T8+ and M5+ cells localized in these areas of proliferation and infiltrated ductal epithelium. On the other hand, T4+ cells accumulated on the parenchymal side of fibrosed tissue and densely surrounded certain intralobular bile ducts. Even late in the disease, variability in the extent of MNCs infiltration, ductal proliferation and periductal fibrosis was seen in each biopsy.
CECAL HERNIA WITH A CLASSIFICATION OF SIXTY-THREE CASES.
Authors: JOHN H. GIBBON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

My attention was turned to the subject of cecal hernia by a case which occurred in the service of Dr. T. S. K. Morton at the Polyclinic Hospital about two years ago and later by another upon which I saw Dr. Richard H. Harte operate at the Pennsylvania Hospital, and it is due to the kidness of these gentlemen and of others who have allowed me the use of their unreported cases, that I am enabled to make the following report. By looking up the literature of this variety of hernia and by making inquiries among operators largely experienced in herniotomy, I have been able to collect and classify sixty-three cases, and from them draw certain conclusions which I trust may prove of interest. In the appended table of cases I have only included the inguinal and femoral varieties of hernia, and of these only such as have been proved
Germany limits number of hospitals that care for very low birthweight babies
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Several German hospitals are launching a legal action against a ruling that will restrict the number of hospitals allowed to care for very low birthweight babies.

The ruling, by the Federal Joint Committee, the regulator of Germany’s statutory health insurance companies, says that only hospitals that have cared for more than 30 babies with birth weights below 1250 g in 2010 will be reimbursed treatment costs by the insurance companies in 2011. This means that only 70 of several hundred hospitals in Germany will be allowed to continue looking after the 8000 very low birthweight babies born in Germany …
Infant exposure to chemicals in breast milk in the United States: what we need to learn from a breast milk monitoring program.
Authors: J S LaKind, C M Berlin, D Q Naiman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The presence of environmental chemicals in breast milk has gained increased attention from regulatory agencies and groups advocating women's and children's health. As the published literature on chemicals in breast milk has grown, there remains a paucity of data on parameters related to infant exposure via breast-feeding, particularly those with a time-dependent nature. This information is necessary for performing exposure assessments without heavy reliance on default assumptions. Although most experts agree that, except in unusual situations, breast-feeding is the preferred nutrition, a better understanding of an infant's level of exposure to environmental chemicals is essential, particularly in the United States where information is sparse. In this paper, we review extant data on two parameters needed to conduct realistic exposure assessments for breast-fed infants: a) levels of chemicals in human milk in the United States (and trends for dioxins/furans); and b) elimination kinetics (depuration) of chemicals from the mother during breast-feeding. The limitations of the existing data restrict our ability to predict infant body burdens of these chemicals from breast-feeding. Although the data indicate a decrease in breast milk dioxin toxic equivalents over time for several countries, the results for the United States are ambiguous. Whereas available information supports the inclusion of depuration when estimating exposures from breast-feeding, the data do not support selection of a specific rate of depuration. A program of breast milk monitoring would serve to provide the information needed to assess infant exposures during breast-feeding and develop scientifically sound information on benefits and risks of breast-feeding in the United States.
VARIATIONS IN SPECIFICITY AND VIRULENCE OF PNEUMOCOCCI DURING GROWTH IN VITRO
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

When pneumococci are grown repeatedly in broth containing immune serum or bile, they become less virulent and less type-specific. These changes are apparently due to the fact that under the conditions mentioned a number of organisms appear which have lost certain properties. These variant organisms form colonies differing in appearance from the colonies of the typical organisms, and cultures made from the atypical colonies are avirulent and are not type-specific, The degree of modification of the original culture is directly related to the relative number of organisms that have undergone variation. After prolonged growth in bile or homologous immune serum variation may have become manifest in all the bacteria of the cultures and the change is then irreversible. The significance of these findings as regards the epidemiology of pneumococcus infections is noted.