tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Penetration of chemicals into the oocyte, uterine fluid, and preimplantation blastocyst
Authors: Sergio Fabro
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Chemicals, including commonly used drugs (e.g., penicillin, meprobamate, pyridium, and mercaptomerin) penetrate and persist for some time in the ovarian follicular fluid at concentrations approximately similar to that of the serum. Information as to the penetration of chemicals into the granulosa cells and into the oocyte is scanty, although there are some indications that these structures are also permeable to foreign chemicals. Similarly, caffeine, nicotine, thiopental, salicylic acid, antipyrine, barbital, and isoniazid enter the uterine secretion and penetrate the preimplantation blastocyst of mice, rats and rabbits. The pattern of distribution of compounds among ovarian follicular fluid, uterine luminal fluid, blastocyst and plasma varies from compound to compound and appears to be related to the molecular weight and degree of ionization of the compound and differs in pregnant and nonpregnant animals. Thus, nicotine and DDT accumulate in the uterine luminal fluid of pregnant but not in that of nonpregnant rabbits.The penetration of foreign chemicals into the oocyte, uterine luminal fluid, and preimplantation blastocyst may exert adverse effects on fertilization, implantation, and/or further development of the conceptus. The possible toxicological importance of this process to eutherian reproduction is discussed.
Tetrahydrofurandiols (THF-diols), Leukotoxindiols (LTX-diols), and Endocrine Disruption in Rats
Authors: Barry M. Markaverich, Mary Alejandro, Trellis Thompson, Shaila Mani, Andrea Reyna, Wendy Portillo, John Sharp, John Turk, Jan R. Crowley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Ground corncob animal bedding and corn food products contain substances that disrupt endocrine function in rats. The disruptors were identified as isomeric mixtures of tetrahydrofurandiols (THF-diols; 9,12-oxy-10,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and 10,13-oxy-9,12-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid) and leukotoxindiols (LTX-diols; 9,10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid and 12,13-dihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid). The authentic compounds blocked sexual behavior in male rats and estrous cyclicity in female rats at oral doses of 2 ppm.To define the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for the THF-diols and LTX-diols in rats, we examined the nature of their interaction (additive or synergistic) and quantified the concentration of THF-diols in rat tissues.Adult male and female rats were provided drinking solutions containing various doses of THF-diols and/or LTX-diols, and we evaluated their effects on male sexual behavior and female estrous cyclicity. Tissues were collected for THF-diol determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The LOAEL for THF-diols and LTX-diols for blocking estrous cyclicity was 0.5-1.0 ppm and 0.2-0.5 ppm, respectively. Higher concentrations (1-2 ppm) of THF-diols were required to block male sexual behavior. Combination studies with subthreshold doses of 0.05 ppm THF-diols plus 0.05 ppm LTX-diols revealed that their effects on estrous cyclicity were not synergistic. We were unable to detect THF-diols in tissues from rats treated with 10 ppm of the compounds, suggesting that metabolism may be involved.THF-diols, LTX-diols, and/or their metabolites likely act additively to disrupt endocrine function in male and female rats at concentrations (0.5-1 ppm) that are 200-fold lower than those of classical phytoestrogen endocrine disruptors.
TCT-223 Bare Metal Versus Drug Eluting Stenting In ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Comparison Of Stent Choice And Outcomes Across the Ethnicity, Race, Gender, And Insurance Divides
Authors: Georges Ephrem, Venkatesan Vidi, Avneet Singh, Rajiv Jauhar, Perwaiz Meraj
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
MACROPHAGE-TARGETED LIPOSOMES WITH HEMIN IMPROVE CARDIAC REPAIR AND FUNCTION AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Jonathan Leor, Tamar Ben-Mordechai, Radka Holbova, Natali Landa, Inbar Elron-Gross, Yifat Glucksam-Galnoy, Micha S. Feinberg, Rimona Margalit
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Soluble leptin receptor and leptin are associated with baseline adiposity and metabolic risk factors, and predict adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and glucose levels at 2-year follow-up: the Cyprus Metabolism Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ole-Petter R. Hamnvik, Xiaowen Liu, Michael Petrou, Huizhi Gong, John P. Chamberland, Esther H. Kim, Costas A. Christophi, Stefanos N. Kales, David C. Christiani, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
When is the Fetus Dead?
Authors: Eduardo Talledo, Frederick P. Zuspan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

SEVERAL REPORTS have appeared in the literature dealing with rapid and variable fetal heart rate in the prepartal patient. The majority of these reports 1-5 have referred to liveborn infants, who at sometime during their fetal stage presented, either by ausculatory or electrocardiographic methods, rapid and variable rhythms which converted spontaneously in pregnancy or remained unchanged and disappeared in the neonatal period. This report encompasses four patients in whom there was evidence of fetal heart electrical activity after clinical fetal death had occurred. Clinical death is defined in this study as lack of movements perceived by the mother or absence of fetal heart tones by auscultation.  Methods  Patient preparation consisted of emptying the bladder and thoroughly cleansing the skin beneath the electrode areas with acetone. Suction type electrodes were used on the abdomen and a silver plate electrode, on the right thigh for a ground. All studies were performed with
Controlled Comparison of the Bronchodilator Effects of Three -Adrenergic Stimulant Drugs Administered by Inhalation to Patients with Asthma
Authors: Y. F. J. Choo-Kang, W. T. Simpson, I. W. B. Grant
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a double-blind trial of the effect of inhaling three different β-adrenergic stimulants (isoprenaline sulphate 1,000 μg., orciprenaline sulphate 1,500 μg., and salbutamol 200 μg.) and a placebo on ventilatory function in 24 patients with chronic asthma salbutamol was found to have a much longer action than isoprenaline, and it produced a slightly more intense and prolonged effect than orciprenaline. In a double-blind subjective assessment 13 of the 24 patients selected salbutamol as the most effective preparation, while only five preferred isoprenaline and three orciprenaline. Hence salbutamol, given by inhalation, may prove to be the most effective drug at present available for the short-term relief of asthmatic symptoms.
Is It Really So? A Guide to Clear Thinking
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<b>The Logic of Medicine,</b>by Edmond A. Murphy, 353 pp, with illus, $16.50, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976. <b>Rational Diagnosis and Treatment,</b>by Henrik R. Wulff (foreword by J. E. Lennard-Jones), 182 pp, paper, Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1976. These three books, all dealing with the same general topic—helping us to think more clearly—approach the subject in different ways, direct themselves to different audiences, and achieve different levels of success. The small volume by Ingle, with the expressive subtitle "A Guide to Clear Thinking," is the most straightforward and simplest. Perhaps "Aids to Clearer Thinking" would have been more accurate. Ingle, formerly professor of physiology at the University of Chicago and editor of<i>Perspectives in Biology and Medicine</i>, wrote especially for students in secondary schools and colleges, but readers of all ages and backgrounds can benefit. Murphy, physician, geneticist, and statistician, entitling his book<i>The Logic of Medicine</i>, intended
LEPTOSPIRAL INFECTION (WEIL'S DISEASE) AS AN OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD
Authors: W. W. STILES
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Human leptospiral infections have been frequently associated with circumstances or occupations in which the patient has had contact with the excreta of rats or, rarely, with those of dogs. Isolated cases have been adjudged industrial accidents, and compensation has been awarded in this country and abroad. Recent investigations have shown an unsuspected incidence of the infection in certain occupations. This finding has increased the concern about the industrial liability that may be involved. Leptospiral infections have been confused clinically with catarrhal jaundice and other diseases that have no occupational association. It becomes essential, therefore, to establish the diagnosis by laboratory methods. In this country at the present time a leptospiral infection is but rarely considered in the differential diagnosis until the disease has reached a critical phase, and even then laboratory facilities are so unavailable and methods so unfamiliar that a conclusive diagnosis is usually remote. It may be concluded
Treatment of Patients With Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes With the Implantable Insulin Pump
Authors: John M. Poothullil
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Saudek and colleagues<sup>1</sup>begin their article on intensive insulin therapy in individuals with NIDDM with the following sentence: "Intensified insulin therapy can be beneficial in preventing end-organ complications of diabetes, but imposes serious adverse effects of treatment" and conclude with "it is feasible to achieve very good glycemic control in NIDDM using either multiple-dose insulin or implantable insulin pump" therapy. These statements imply that it has been shown that strict glycemic control using frequent doses of insulin reduces the incidence of complications in NIDDM. However, that conclusion is based on results from the DCCT,<sup>2</sup>which was performed exclusively in patients with IDDM.<sup>2</sup> The suggestion that the results of the DCCT may be applicable to NIDDM patients is based on similarities in underlying mechanisms of complications occurring in patients with IDDM and those with NIDDM.<sup>3</sup>Similar complications in different diseases may be treated using the same
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Cerebral Embolization During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Transcranial Doppler Study”
Authors: Philipp Kahlert, Fadi Al-Rashid, Philipp Döttger, Kathrine Mori, Björn Plicht, Daniel Wendt, Lars Bergmann, Eva Kottenberg, Marc Schlamann, Petra Mummel, Dagny Holle, Matthias Thielmann, Heinz G. Jakob, Gerd Heusch, Raimund Erbel, Holger Eggebrecht
Journal: Circulation (2013)
USING REAL TIME MRI TO VISUALIZE AND ABLATE GAPS IN RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION LESION SETS IN THE ATRIUM
Authors: Ravi Ranjan, Gaston R. Vergara, Josh Blauer, Eugene G. Kholmovski, Sathya Vijayakumar, Gene Payne, Chris J. McGann, Dennis Parker, Rob MacLeod, Nassir F. Marrouche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Lungenentzündungen und ihr Wandel unter der Chemotherapie
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: JAMA (1974)

H. Kühn, newly appointed head of the Pathologic Institute in Plauen/ Vogtland, prepared a comprehensive monograph on pneumonias that serves as a timely sequel to Heffron's tome of 1938 and Hegglin's of 1942. It contains a valuable summary of the field and a reference source of about 1,800 citations, many of German, French, and Italian origin. Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, complications, pathology, and laboratory and roentgenologic aspects are well covered. Therapy deals only with antimicrobics. All known pneumonias of infectious, allergic, chemical, and mechanical origin in infants and adults are included. Changes in microbial causes incident to modern therapy, and nosocomial and iatrogenic infections resulting from 30 years of antimicrobial usage are portrayed. He emphasizes the importance of establishing an etiologic diagnosis before applying specific therapy, and places "atypical" pneumonias in their proper perspective. Many of the photomicrographs do not conform to the usual German standard of excellence. The table of
Dendritic Cell Development in Culture from Thymic Precursor Cells in the Absence of Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor
Authors: Dolores Saunders, Karen Lucas, Jamila Ismaili, Li Wu, Eugene Maraskovsky, Ashley Dunn, Ken Shortman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

The earliest lymphoid precursor population in the adult mouse thymus had previously been shown to produce not only T cells, but also dendritic cell (DC) progeny on transfer to irradiated recipients. In this study, culture of these isolated thymic precursors with a mixture of cytokines induced them to proliferate and to differentiate to DC, but not to T lineage cells. At least 70% of the individual precursors had the capacity to form DC. The resultant DC were as effective as normal thymic DC in the functional test of T cell stimulation in mixed leukocyte cultures. The cultured DC also expressed high levels of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex, together with CD11c, DEC-205, CD80, and CD86, markers characteristic of mature DC in general. However, they did not express CD8α or BP-1, markers characteristic of normal thymic DC. The optimized mixture of five to seven cytokines required for DC development from these thymic precursors did not include granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), usually required for DC development in culture. The addition of anti–GM-CSF antibody or the use of precursors from GM-CSF–deficient mice did not prevent DC development. Addition of GM-CSF was without effect on DC yield when interleukin (IL) 3 and IL-7 were present, although some stimulation by GM-CSF was noted in their absence. In contrast, DC development was enhanced by addition of the Flt3/Flk2 ligand, in line with the effects of the administration of this cytokine in vivo. The results indicate that the development of a particular lineage of DC, probably those of lymphoid precursor origin, may be independent of the myeloid hormone GM-CSF.
Trichomonas vaginalis phenotypic variation occurs only among trichomonads infected with the double-stranded RNA virus.
Authors: A Wang, C C Wang, J F Alderete
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Trichomonas vaginalis isolates were examined for the presence of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and the property of phenotypic variation. Only the heterogeneous isolates composed of mAb-reactive and -nonreactive organisms, as determined by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytofluorometry, and capable of phenotypic variation possessed the dsRNA. Both the positive and negative phenotype subpopulations separated from the heterogeneous parent contained equal amounts of the dsRNA. Loss of the dsRNA upon prolonged in vitro cultivation always correlated with the lack of expression of the major immunogen. The data indicate a relationship between the presence of the dsRNA and the ability of the pathogenic human trichomonads to express immunogens on their surfaces and to undergo phenotypic variation.
History of brucellosis
Authors: C. Edwards
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

We read with interest Dr Wyatt's article (October 2005 JRSM1) on Zammit's discovery that brucellosis was transmitted by goat milk. We would like to add the names of some other people who were involved in the research.

First, Dr Carruana-Secluna, who accompanied Zammit to Chadwick Lakes, carried out a great deal of work for Sir David Bruce—he prepared the agar plates and the culture media and cultured the causative organism from the spleen samples of fatal cases. He never received proper recognition for his work and Sir David Bruce did not allow him to be co-author on any publications. Secondly, Surgeon Captain M. Louis Hughes assisted Bruce in his studies and first named the disease `undulant fever'. He also named the organism Micrococcus melitensis, although he was wrong about the source of infection, believing it to be resident in the soil and inhaled by the human. Hughes was killed in the Boer war at the age of 32.

Sir David's wife Lady Bruce was a trained microbiologist, and took an active part in her husband's research, including the exquisite illustrations to his papers.2

Finally, it is worth noting that Zammit was knighted—an honour given for his work.
Can Stroma Reaction Predict Cancer Lethality?
Authors: Michael R. Freeman, Quanlin Li, Leland W.K. Chung
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Stromal features in carcinomas may provide a relatively consistent means to stratify patients afflicted with solid tumors. Stroma-derived transcriptome signatures can now be used to make predictions about patient survival, suggesting the potential for their clinical application in precision medicine to predict disease progression and emergence of therapeutic resistance.
Obstruction of the Coronary Arteries
Authors: J. Willis Hurst
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Herrick carefully leads his readers paragraph by paragraph to the conclusions he wishes to teach. Accordingly, I will discuss his classic article paragraph by paragraph. <h3>Paragraph 1.—</h3> Herrick sets the stage by pointing out that the prevailing view in 1912 was that sudden occlusion of a coronary artery meant death in a few minutes. This view was supported by autopsy studies, by experimental work on dogs, and by famous physicians of the time. Herrick also points out that several famous persons believed that the coronary arteries were end arteries and were not capable of anastomosing with other vessels. Herrick then states that such concepts are incorrect. <h3>Paragraph 2.—</h3> Herrick emphasizes the importance of sclerosis of the coronary arteries and lists all the complications of the disease that we know today, including chronic myocarditis, which we now call "ischemic cardiomyopathy." He points out that disease of the left anterior descending coronary
Erythroderma, an unusual manifestation of B cell lymphoma
Authors: A. S. Y. LEONG, P. A. COWLED, P. D. ZALEWSKI, J. N. BURRY, D. J. MEREDITH, I. J. FORBES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

A case is described in which the initial manifestation of a malignant lymphoma was an erythematous skin rash over the face, scalp and trunk. Immunological surface marker analysis showed the malignant cells to be of B lymphocyte origin with a homogeneous secretion of IgM-k. Repeated skin and lymph node biopsies and finally post mortem documented the progression of the lymphoma from that of a mixed lymphocytic-histiocytic type with a nodular pattern of growth to a diffuse histiocytic lymphoma with frequently bizarre cells. The theory of ecotaxis or homing of lymphocytes to the skin and other non-lymphoid organs of the body is discussed in an attempt to explain the occurrence of cutaneous involvement as a primary manifestation of lymphcma.
Utility of the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis
Authors: David R. Boulware
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

David Boulware discusses the challenges of diagnosing tuberculous meningitis and the implications of the study by Patel and colleagues using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosis. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
Authors: MICHAEL L. BASHEVKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1986The Activated Partial Thromboplastin TimeMICHAEL L. BASHEVKIN, M.D., ISMAT U. NAWABI, M.D.MICHAEL L. BASHEVKIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ISMAT U. NAWABI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-3-470_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Suchman and Griner (1) conclude that the activated partial thromboplastin time adds "no information to the preoperative care of patients without clinical findings indicative of increased bleeding risk." They recommend that screening should be done only for procedures that interfere with hemostasis, such as transurethral prostatectomy. We want to emphasize this latter point.Of 24 patients with factor XI deficiency in our report (2), 5 had abnormal bleeding after prostatectomy. In 4 of them, postoperative bleeding led to the diagnosis of factor XI deficiency. In the fifth patient, hematuria after a retropubic prostatectomy persisted for 1 month...References1. SUCHMAN A and GRINER P. Diagnostic uses of the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:810-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BASHEVKIN M and NAWABI I. Factor XI deficiency in surgical patients. NY State J Med. 1979;79:1360-2. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. MUIR W and RATNOFF O. The prevalence of plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA, factor XI) deficiency. Blood. 1974;44:569-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LIEDHOLM P and ASTEDT B. Fibrinolytic activity of male reproductive organs in man. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1974;8:81-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MICHAEL L. BASHEVKIN, M.D.; ISMAT U. NAWABI, M.D.Affiliations: Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn, NY 11219 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1986Volume 105, Issue 3 Page: 470-470 Keywords Hemorrhage Hemostasis Partial thromboplastin time Prostatectomy Radical prostatectomy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Aberrant STAT5 and PI3K/mTOR pathway signaling occurs in human CRLF2-rearranged B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sarah K. Tasian, Michelle Y. Doral, Michael J. Borowitz, Brent L. Wood, I-Ming Chen, Richard C. Harvey, Julie M. Gastier-Foster, Cheryl L. Willman, Stephen P. Hunger, Charles G. Mullighan, Mignon L. Loh
Journal: Blood (2012)
Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Bruce M. Camitta, Rainer Storb, E. Donnall Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Laboratory DataThe red cells of patients with aplastic anemia are normocytic or mildly macrocytic, with normal morphologic features. Leukoerythroblastosis (immature white cells, nucleated red cells, and teardrop-shaped red cells) on the peripheral-blood smear suggests marrow replacement, vasculitis, or infection rather than aplastic anemia. Reticulocyte counts are decreased, especially after correction for the lowered hematocrit according to the formula:reticulocyte percentage X (actual hematocrit/normal hematocrit for age).Decreased erythropoiesis is also reflected by elevated serum iron, delayed plasma iron clearance, and a slow, decreased uptake of iron into red cells. Ferrokinetic studies do not furnish prognostic information above that provided . . .
Meningitis and septicaemia due to haemophilus influenzae type b in pregnancy.
Authors: T Sandberg, T Dahlberg
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Meningitis and septicaemia due to haemophilus influenzae type b in pregnancyMeningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae is uncommon in adults.We report a case of meningitis and septicaemia caused by H influenzae type b in a pregnant woman. Case reportA 22-year-old woman with a history of recurrent otitis media in childhood was admitted to hospital at 35 weeks of gestation with an upper respiratory tract infection of four weeks' duration.The day before admission she had had a fever of 38 5°C, headache, and nausea.A few hours before admission her condition had deteriorated and she had lost consciousness.Cerebrospinal fluid was cloudy and contained leucocytes 16-1 x 109/1 (16 l00/mm3; 93 ON polymorphonuclear cells), protein 8-0 g/l, and glucose 0 4 mmol/l (7-2 mg/100 ml).Cerebrospinal fluid and six blood cultures
Evaluation of Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Capecitabine (DCX) as Perioperative Chemotherapy for Resectable Gastric and Esophago-Gastric Cancer
Authors: Garrido Marcelo, Sanchez María, Fonseca Paula, Gonzalez-Rey Carmen, Carmona Alberto, Solis Maria, Faez Laura, Rodriguez David, Ruiz Ana, Frunza Madalina, Briones Juan, Giraldo Claudia, Nervi Bruno, Gomez-Pinillos Alejandro, Vieitez de Prado Jose Maria
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)