tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of prazosin in management of hypertension in patients with chronic renal failure and in renal transplant recipients.
Authors: J R Curtis, F J Bateman
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Prazosin was used in combination with other antihypertensive drugs in the successful management of hypertension in seven patients with chronic renal failure and six renal transplant recipients, also with chronic renal failure. The addition of small doses of prazosin (mean 3 mg/day) to the antihypertensive regimen produced significant falls in systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both the lying and standing positions. The standing blood pressures were significantly lower than the lying blood pressures during prazosin treatment. Neither the mean blood urea concentrations nor the mean plasma creatinine concentrations changed significantly during prazosin administration. Chromium-51 edetic acid clearances did not change significantly during prazosin treatment in the seven patients in whom it was measured. Severe symptomatic postural hypotension occurred in one patient a week after starting prazosin 3 mg/day. This hypotensive episode was associated with a transient and reversible deterioration in renal function. Another patient developed a rash while on prazosin but it was probably related to propranolol rather than prazosin. Prazosin is thus an effective antihypertensive drug in patients with chronic renal failure, and it may be used with a variety of other drugs. It should be used cautiously, however, since patients with chronic renal failure may respond to small doses, and significant postural falls in blood pressure may result. There was no evidence that the use of prazosin resulted in progressive deterioration in the residual renal function of the patients with chronic renal failure.
Endoskopische Diagnose von Ösophagusvarizen
Authors: O. Stadelmann, F. Paul
Journal: Endoscopy (1969)

Esophageal varices are a constant threatening because of bleeding. Therefore varices should be excluded in every patient with chronic liver disease or hemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract. Esophagoscopy is the most reliable diagnostic procedure. The X-ray examination was, according to our own experience, only in 44% of the demonstrated varices successful in making the correct diagnosis (acc. to Brick and Palmer only in 25%). If there is any doubt an inflatable balloon around the instrument may block the venous flow so that the varices protrude. By this method the differential diagnosis between varices and mucosal folds can easily be done. Only in rare instances are there any contraindications for this examination.
Management of Malignant Stricture of the Esophagogastric Junction with a Newly Designed Self-Expanding Metal Stent with an Antireflux Mechanism
Authors: C. S. Shim, I. S. Jung, Y. K. Cheon, C. B. Ryu, S. J. Hong, J. O. Kim, J. Y. Cho, J. S. Lee, M. S. Lee, B. S. Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Background and Study Aims: When stents are placed across the esophagogastric junction for palliative treatment of malignant strictures, they may lead to esophagogastric reflux. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a newly designed antireflux stent with that of a standard open stent and a currently available antireflux stent (Dostent) in preventing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with inoperable cancer at the esophagogastric junction.Patients and Methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients with cancer at the esophagogastric junction were randomly assigned to undergo placement of a newly designed antireflux stent (n = 12), a Dostent (n = 12), or a standard open stent (n = 12). Technical and clinical success, dysphagia score, reflux symptoms, complications and ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring were assessed.Results: The technical success rates were 100 %. After 1 week, dysphagia had improved in all patient groups (P < 0.05), but the degree of improvement did not differ between the three groups. The DeMeester score was significantly lower in the group with the newly designed antireflux stent than in the other groups. The fraction of the total recording time during which esophageal pH was below 4 was 3.14 ± 5.78 % using the newly designed antireflux stent, in comparison with 29.25 ± 15.41 % in the Dostent group and 15.01 ± 11.72 % in the standard open stent group (P < 0.001). Fewer reflux episodes occurred with the newly designed antireflux stent than with the Dostent or standard open stent. There were no complications with any of the three stents.Conclusions: The newly designed antireflux stent is effective in relieving dysphagia caused by malignant cancer at the esophagogastric junction. The newly designed antireflux stent is significantly more effective in preventing gastroesophageal reflux than currently available antireflux stents.
The Clinical Usefulness of F-18 FDG Coincidence PET Without Attenuation Correction and Without Whole-Body Scanning Mode in Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: SUZY KIM, CHAN H. PARK, MYUNGHO HAN, SUNGCHUL HWANG, CHEOLJOO LEE, MOONSUN PAI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Purpose This study was undertaken to assess the clinical usefulness of fluorine-18 flurodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) coincidence detection (CoDe) positron emission tomography (PET) of various lung lesions by comparing it with CT, MRI, and clinical findings. Materials and Methods Forty-two patients with pulmonary lesions underwent CoDe PET using a dual-head gamma camera equipped with a 5/8-inch thick NaI (Tl) crystals. The patients were prepared for the study by overnight fasting. Data was acquired at approximately 1 hour after the intravenous injection of 111 to 370 MBq (3 to 10 mCi) of F-18 FDG. A spinal scan of the thorax was performed using a slip ring gantry for 30 minutes. After rebinning, routine tomographic slices were reconstructed without attenuation correction and the images were analyzed visually. Results Pathologic diagnoses and staging were obtained at surgery in nine patients; in the remaining 33 patients, aspiration cytology was available. CoDe PET detected all 35 pathologically proved malignant lesions. In nine patients who underwent surgery, seven CoDe PET studies corresponded with pathologic staging, whereas in six of the nine patients, CT and MRI corresponded with the pathologic findings. Seven patients also had benign lesions that showed FDG uptake. Conclusions F-18 FDG CoDe PET was sensitive in the evaluation of lung lesions but was not specific for malignancy. F-18 FDG CoDe PET was more sensitive than CT and MRI in nodal staging in the limited number of patients studied thus far.
F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging of Extramammary Paget Disease of the Perianal Region
Authors: Ryan D. Niederkohr, Sanjiv S. Gambhir
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is rare, typically afflicting older Caucasians in the anogenital or axillary regions. It can arise either as a primary intraepithelial adenocarcinoma with potential for invasiveness or as the secondary spread of an underlying internal malignancy to the skin surface. EMPD in the perianal region is strongly associated with colorectal and anal adenocarcinoma. Biopsy is required for accurate diagnosis. Wide local excision is the standard treatment, but abdominoperineal resection is considered in cases of invasive perianal EMPD. We report a case of abnormal perianal FDG uptake in biopsy-proven EMPD in a patient with coexisting perianal adenocarcinoma.
GREATER EFFICACY OF TICAGRELOR COMPARED TO CLOPIDOGREL IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IS NOT DRIVEN BY OUTCOMES IN POOR METABOLIZERS OF CLOPIDOGREL
Authors: Lars Wallentin, Stefan James, Robert Storey, Bryan Barratt, Jay Horrow, Steen Husted, Hugo Katus, Philippe Steg, Richard Becker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Potential Role for IFNγ in Promoting Asthma After Prenatal Exposure to BPA
Authors: Terumi Midoro-Horiuti, Xiang Zhang, Yoichi Nakajima, Yueqing Zhang, Deepthi Kolli, Shuk-Mei Ho, Randall M. Goldblum
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Biology of the Pleuropneumonia-like Organisms
Authors: Howard McP. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1960)

For those who have been searching in vain for a comprehensive and authoritative point of reference concerning the biology of the pleuropneumonia-like organisms there is now one available. This report is the first of its kind ever to be assembled. It is the collected papers presented at a symposium which was sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences in January, 1959. A majority of the outstanding workers in this field contributed to this publication. A survey of this assembled material will undoubtedly impress the reader with the surprisingly large amount of available information concerning these obscure and unusual agents. Closer scrutiny, on the other hand, will emphasize the magnitude of the work yet to be done, particularly in regard to the relationship of these micro-organisms to human disease. It will be noted that much work has been done by veterinary scientists, and the pathogenetic nature of these agents of
Allergenic epitopes of bovine α<sub>s1</sub>‐casein recognized by human IgE and IiG
Authors: P. Spuergin, H. Mueller, M. Walter, E. Schiltz, J. Forster
Journal: Allergy (1996)

B‐cell epitopes of bovine α s1 ‐casein, one of the major allergens of cow's milk, were identified by a screening method based on synthetic peptides. According to the known amino acid sequence of α s1 ‐casein, a set of 188 overlapping sequential decapeptides shifted by one amino acid was manually synthesized on polyethylene pins by the 9‐fluorenyl‐methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) method. Peptides were screened by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for human IgE and IgG. Bound antibodies were detected by successive incubation with up to three polyclonal antibodies, the last one conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. Tested sera were from 15 patients with acute clinical reactions to cow's milk and IgE‐specific reactions to bovine a‐casein in the ELISA and immunoblot. Sera from 10 healthy subjects without remarkable reactions to cow's milk proteins were used as controls. All sera from allergic subjects showed reactions with three regions of α s1 ‐casein, corresponding to amino acids 19–30, 93–98, and 141–150. Furthermore, individual sera showed reactions with other parts of the protein. No essential differences in the epitope specificity of IgE and 1gG were found. Inhibition of IgE binding to α s1 ‐casein with soluble synthetic peptides confirmed the results and revealed peptide CN‐2 as the most inhibiting one.
Maximal benefit of integrelin platelet IIB/IIIa blockade 6–24 hours after therapy: Results of the IMPACT-II trial
Authors: Mark C.G. Horrigan, James E. Tcheng, Robert M. Califf, Michael Kitt, Todd Lorenz, Kristina Sigmon, A.Michael Lincoff, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Effects of Family History and Place and Season of Birth on the Risk of Schizophrenia
Authors: Preben Bo Mortensen, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, Tine Westergaard, Jan Wohlfahrt, Henrik Ewald, Ole Mors, Per Kragh Andersen, Mads Melbye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Although a family history of schizophrenia is the best-established risk factor for schizophrenia, environmental factors such as the place and season of birth may also be important.
Membrane lipid composition of red blood cells in liver disease: regression of spur cell anaemia after infusion of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine
Authors: G. Salvioli, G. Rioli, R. Lugli, R. Salati
Journal: Gut (1978)

The morphology of red blood cells was studied in 30 patients with severe liver cirrhosis, in 10 patients with extrahepatic jaundice, and in 10 control subjects. In all the patients with extrahepatic jaundice more than 30% of red blood cells were target cells with increased resistance to osmotic lysis. In 12 patients with liver cirrhosis more than 30% of red blood cells were spur cells. The cholesterol: phospholipids (C/PL) molar ratio was 0.89 in target cells, 1.33 in spur cells, and 0.74 in normal red blood cells. The red blood cell membrane cholesterol and phospholipids exchanged with plasma lipoproteins, the lipid composition of which was studied in eight patients with spur cells; the free cholesterol: phospholipid (FC/PL) molar ratio was 0.33 (0.16 in the controls) in high density lipoproteins (HDL) and 1.40 (0.82 in the controls) in low density lipoproteins (LDL); in these patients the polyunsaturated fatty acid content was low in both phospholipids and cholesterol esters of lipoproteins. The irregular folds of the spur cells regressed when polyunsaturated lecithin was infused (2 g daily for five days) in eight patients with spur cell anaemia; the infusions decreased both C/PL ratio in RC to 0.88 and the concentration of unconjugated bilirubin (104.3 to 82.0 mumol/l (6.1 to 4.8 mg%)), whereas the activity of the plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) increased from 31.2 to 54.4 mumol/l/h. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content of RC lecithin increased after the infusion as it did in HDL, the FC/PL ratio of which decreased to 0.23.
Thyroid Cancer Occurring as a Late Consequence of Head-and-Neck Irradiation
Authors: M. J. Favus, A. B. Schneider, M. E. Stachura, J. E. Arnold, U. Y. Ryo, S. M. Pinsky, M. Colman, M. J. Arnold, L. A. Frohman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

From January 1 to September 30, 1974, we examined 1056 of 5266 subjects (20.1%) who had received therapeutic irradiation primarily for infections and inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract at our institution during the 1940's and 1950's. The tonsillar and nasopharyngeal region was the treatment site in 85% of those examined. Palpable nodular thyroid disease was found in 16.5%, and nonpalpable lesions were detected by 99m Tc pertechnetate thyroid imaging in an additional 10.7%, for a prevalence of nodular disease of 27.2%. Operation on 71% with nodular disease revealed thyroid cancer in 33% (60 of 182). Preliminary analysis for potential risk factors suggests a correlation between radiation exposure and the presence of thyroid nodules (P less than 0.001). These findings indicate that nodular thyroid disease, both benign and malignant, continues as a major health problem for at least 35 years in exposed subjects.
A 58-Year-Old Man With a Diagnosis of Chronic Lyme Disease
Authors: Allen C. Steere
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two attentional components for two purposes
Authors: B. Fischer, H. Weber
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Inappropriate saccades are prevented by fixation and by voluntary attention. The fixation system inhibits the saccade system. Like monkeys without a fixation system, humans with a weak fixation system produce many express saccades and cannot suppress prosaccades in an antisaccade task. With permanent attention to a peripheral location only a few express saccades to a stimulus at this location can be elicited: the sustained component of attention acts like fixation. When attention is captured by a precue, more express saccades are obtained: the stimulus-driven component of attention facilitates saccade generation. If the cue correctly indicates the direction for an antisaccade error rate and latencies are increased.
Metastatic Calcification in Lungs and Stomach Demonstrated on Bone Scan in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: VIRGILIO A VALDEZ, JEROME G JACOBSTEIN, STEVEN PERLMUTTER, HAROLD BRUSMANM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A case of multiple myeloma with associated intense radionuclide uptake in the lungs and stomach on bone scan is presented. There was no roentgenographic evidence of calcification, and the bone scan provided the only antemortem evidence of metastatic calcification.
Multicenter Investigation Of Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) For Thalassemia Major After a Reduced Intensity Conditioning Regimen (URTH Trial)
Authors: Shalini Shenoy, Lisa. Murray, Mark C. Walters, Sonali Chaudhury, Sandeep Soni, Michael A. Pulsipher, Kirk R. Schultz, Kawah Chan, Michael Nieder, Brett Loechelt, Suhag H Parikh, Kimberly A. Kasow, Ann Haight, Gregory A. Hale, James Connelly, Martin Andreansky, Felicia Trachtenberg, Ellis J. Neufeld, Janet Kwiatkowski, Nancy L DiFronzo, Alexis A. Thompson
Journal: Blood (2013)
Examining Potential Colorectal Cancer Care Disparities in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Authors: Leah L. Zullig, William R. Carpenter, Dawn Provenzale, Morris Weinberger, Bryce B. Reeve, George L. Jackson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Racial disparities in cancer treatment and outcomes are a national problem. The nationwide Veterans Affairs (VA) health system seeks to provide equal access to quality care. However, the relationship between race and care quality for veterans with colorectal cancer (CRC) treated within the VA is poorly understood. We examined the association between race and receipt of National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline-concordant CRC care.
Whole body vascular reactivity during the development of deoxycorticosterone acetate hypertension in the pig.
Authors: K H Berecek, D F Bohr
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

A change in vascular reactivity was characterized in the pig during the development of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertension. Pigs, 8-12 weeks of age, were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy and instrumented with an electromagnetic flowprobe on the ascending aorta and with Tygon catheters in the aorta and thoracic vena cava. Approximately 2 weeks after surgery, Silastic strips impregnated with DOCA (100 mg/kg) were implanted subcutaneously. Within the first 3 days after implantation, mean arterial pressure (MAP) began to rise and reached levels approximately 40% greater than control during the 4th week. Graded intravenous infusions of norepinephrine or angiotensin II were given to unanesthetized pigs before, and at intervals during, the development of hypertension. Changes in total peripheral resistance were calculated from recordings of MAP and cardiac output. Comparison of pre-DOCA response curves with those obtained at intervals following DOCA implantation demonstrated a significant increase in vascular smooth muscle sensitivity (decrease in threshold infusion rates) to both drugs post-DOCA. There also was a shift to the left in the dose-response curves. These changes in systemic vascular reactivity occurred at the time the arterial pressure began to rise. The temporal relationship suggests that the increase in vascular reactivity may initiate the increase in mean arterial pressure.
Five Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Variants in 23,452 Cases of Lung Cancer and 30,397 Controls: Meta-Analysis of 130 Studies
Authors: Zheng Ye, Honglin Song, Julian P. T Higgins, Paul Pharoah, John Danesh
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are known to abolish or reduce the activities of intracellular enzymes that help detoxify environmental carcinogens, such as those found in tobacco smoke. It has been suggested that polymorphisms in the GST genes are risk factors for lung cancer, but a large number of studies have reported apparently conflicting results.Literature-based meta-analysis was supplemented by tabular data from investigators of all relevant studies of five GST polymorphisms (GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, I105V, and A114V polymorphisms in the GSTP1 genes, and GSTM3 intron 6 polymorphism) available before August, 2005, with investigation of potential sources of heterogeneity. Included in the present meta-analysis were 130 studies, involving a total of 23,452 lung cancer cases and 30,397 controls. In a combined analysis, the relative risks for lung cancer of the GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null polymorphisms were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.23) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02-1.16), respectively, but in the larger studies they were only 1.04 (95% CI: 0.95-1.14) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.86-1.11), respectively. In addition to size of study, ethnic background was a significant source of heterogeneity among studies of the GSTM1 null genotype, with possibly weaker associations in studies of individuals of European continental ancestry. Combined analyses of studies of the 105V, 114V, and GSTM3*B variants showed no significant overall associations with lung cancer, yielding per-allele relative risks of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.99-1.09), 1.15 (95% CI: 0.95-1.39), and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.89-1.23), respectively.The risk of lung cancer is not strongly associated with the I105V and A114V polymorphisms in the GSTP1 gene or with GSTM3 intron 6 polymorphism. Given the non-significant associations in the larger studies, the relevance of the weakly positive overall associations with the GSTM1 null and the GSTT1 null polymorphisms is uncertain. As lung cancer has important environmental causes, understanding any genetic contribution to it in general populations will require the conduct of particularly large and comprehensive studies.
The Uninsured and the Debate Over the Repeal of the Massachusetts Universal Health Care Law
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The debate in Massachusetts over the repeal of the first state-based "pay or play" universal health plan is discussed using data from a survey of 1066 Massachusetts households. The survey attempted to measure the problems of the uninsured, to estimate the likelihood that they would buy insurance if offered, and to calculate the proportion of the uninsured who would be covered under an employer mandate.A survey conducted in person and by telephone in 1066 households, with an oversample of uninsured households, using stratification, clustering, disproportionate sampling, and poststatistical weighting.Adults aged 18 years and older who were knowledgeable about the insurance status of persons in their household.Insurance status, employment status, access to and use of health services, and willingness to purchase health insurance.First, the present system of hospital-based uncompensated care in Massachusetts is inadequate by itself to meet the needs of uninsured residents. Uninsured persons are less likely than insured ones to seek medical care for chronic health problems and serious symptoms requiring evaluation. Second, 83% of uninsured families and 24% of uninsured individual respondents would purchase one of several insurance options with 30% of the cost subsidized. Last, the employer mandate provisions of the legislation would cover 43% of the uninsured in Massachusetts.In the current economic climate, the political viability of the universal health care plan and similar national initiatives is uncertain given the intractable conflict between perceptions of the financial stability of small businesses that do not offer insurance and the health care needs of uninsured individuals.