tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Repair of Mechanical Complications After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: R. A. Nishimura, Hartzell V Schaff, B. J. Gersh, D. R. Holmes, A. J. Tajik
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Acute mitral regurgitation and ventricular septal defect after myocardial infarction are devastating complications with high mortality. Surgical intervention is warranted for these entities, but the timing of operation remains controversial. In a previous retrospective study of patients with acute mitral regurgitation, we concluded that early emergency operation be undertaken. We describe nine patients subsequently seen at the Mayo Clinic (seven with acute mitral regurgitation and two with acute ventricular septal defect) who underwent emergency operation within four days of evaluation. Four patients were operated on within four hours after the onset of their complications. All patients survived the perioperative period. Eight of nine are alive and well over a mean follow-up period of 9.7 months. We recommend early surgical repair of mechanical complications after acute myocardial infarction.
Response of isolated working hearts to fatty acids and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I inhibition during reduction of coronary flow in acutely and chronically diabetic rats.
Authors: G D Lopaschuk, M Spafford
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The effects of palmitate on mechanical failure of ischemic hearts were studied in acutely (48-hour) and chronically (6-week) streptozotocin diabetic rats. Coronary flow was reduced by 50% in isolated working hearts perfused at a 15 cm H2O preload and 100 mm Hg afterload by the one-way ball valve model of ischemia. Peak systolic pressure (PSP) and cardiac output (CO) decreased 40% by 4 minutes in control hearts perfused with 11 mM glucose and paced at 280 beats/min, compared with 50% in hearts from acutely diabetic rats. Addition of 1.2 mM palmitate to the perfusate accelerated failure rates, with PSP and CO decreasing 65% and 80% by 4 minutes in control and acutely diabetic rat hearts, respectively. In chronically diabetic rats, mechanical function could not be maintained in palmitate-perfused hearts paced at 280 beats/min, even in the absence of ischemia. If these hearts were paced at 250 beats/min and subjected to ischemia, PSP and CO decreased 90% by 4 minutes, regardless of whether palmitate was added to the perfusate. Under these conditions, PSP decreased less than 10% by 4 minutes in both palmitate- or glucose-perfused control hearts. Etomoxir (10(-9) M), a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I inhibitor, markedly decreased the rate of mechanical failure in both acutely and chronically diabetic rat hearts, in the presence and absence of palmitate. The beneficial effect of Etomoxir on mechanical function did not occur as a result of a decrease in either myocardial long chain acyl-coenzyme A or long chain acylcarnitine levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Prevention of IgG2a production as a result of allotype-specific interaction between T and B cells.
Authors: M J Bosma, G C Bosma
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

BALB/c T cells, which can prevent normal C57BL IgG2a allotype (G2) production of Ig-congenic partner mice (C.B mice), are shown capable of preventing the growth and G2 production of a C.B plasmacytoma (CBPC 101). Such cytotoxic or suppressor T cells are clearly allotype-specific (G2 Tcs cells). And since CBPC 101 B cells do not require specific helper T cells in order to grow, we infer that G2-bearing B cells (normal or neoplastic) must be the direct target of G2 Tcs cells. This mode of T cell prevention of allotype production contrasts that reported for suppressor T cells in (BALB/c x SJL)F1 mice.
Antimitocondrial antibodies (AMA) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC): Lessons from orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)
Authors: M. Fusconi, A. Caselli, J. O'Grady, E. Cassani, A.L.W.F. Eddleston, R. Williams, F.B. Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
Aplastic anaemia associated with fenoprofen.
Authors: M Ashraf, R M Pearson, D A Winfield
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Screening and counselling of school-leavers for the carrier state of hereditary anaemias Antenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases has sharpened interest in the discovery of symptomless carriers under childbearing age.This is true of the haemoglobinopathies and may well spread to other conditions.In the pas.attempts at population screening have met with a mixed reception and involved both technical and counselling problems.'-4A pilot study was carried out as part of the normal health education given to schoolchildren in the fifth form, mostly 16-year-olds.These young adults were old enough to understand the counselling and also close to the onset of childbearing age.The counselling could be done individually in a familiar school atmosphere and reinforced during classes on health education. Subjects, methods, and resultsAn inner city comprehensive school in Luton was chosen because of its high proportion of children of immigrant families.A class of 124 was given a talk after an introduction by the head teacher.Forms were given to each child asking for the ethnic origin of each parent, whether they were cousins, whether there was a family history of severe anaemia, and requesting parental consent to examine a blood sample.The children were selected for screening on the basis that one or both parents belonged to an ethnic group at risk of haemoglobinopathy and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. SCREENING FOR HAEMOGLOBINOPATHIES
Hepatic gene expression of activated AKT normalizes portal pressure in experimental cirrhosis
Authors: M. Morales-Ruiz, W. Jimenez, P. Cejudo-Martin, G. Fernandez-Varo, S. Tugues, J. Ros, F. Rivera, V. Arroyo, W.C. Sessa, J. Rodes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
NONDIALYZABLE HEXOSE OF HUMAN SYNOVIAL FLUID*†
Authors: John Sandson, David Hamerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

Studies that show differences in the components of synovial fluids in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis may be helpful diagnostically.Synovial fluids from joints involved by rheumatoid arthritis contain a high concentration of protein, and electrophoretic studies reveal increased a2-globulins (1, 2).Since this protein fraction contains the highest concentration of hexose among the, elec- trophoretically separated proteins of serum (3), determination of nondialyzable hexose concentration in synovial fluid was undertaken.In synovial fluid from osteoarthritic joints the nondialyzable hexose concentration, determined with the anthrone reagent, was similar to or lower than the normal level, while in synovial fluid from joints involved by rheumatoid arthritis it was elevated.The first step in this study was to identify the carbohydrate components of dialyzed synovial fluid that contributed to the anthrone reaction.Synovial fluid was dialyzed and then lyophilized.The lyophilized solids were hydrolyzed in sul- furic acid, and the carbohydrates in the hydrolysate were separated by a combination of zone electrophoresis in borate buffer and paper chromatog- raphy.Galactose, mannose, small amounts of fucose and glucose, and hyalobiuronic acid were found. MATERIALS AND METHODS I. Identification of carbohydrate componentsSynovial fluid from normal subjects.Synovial fluid was aspirated from apparently normal knee joints of deceased subjects.Fluids from 8 to 10 normal knees were pooled to provide about 10 ml.Three different
Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defect and the Effects on Right Ventricular Function; Strain and Strain Rate Echocardiography
Authors: Aysel İslamlı, Kemal Cümşüdov, Murat Bilgin, Oğuz Yavuzgil, Sanem Nalbantgil, Cemil Gürgün, Azem Akıllı
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Causalgia of the Face
Authors: J. A. W. Bingham
Journal: BMJ (1947)

health.The splint was applied over the head, neck, and back and at the same time the patient was forbidden to speak.In tfhree days the temperature was normal and the swollen glands disappeared.To-day sulphonamides or penicillin may be em- ployed.At any rate fixation of the head and neck by means of a splint is an excellent treatment of inflammations in the neck region as well as injuries of the hypopharynx and upper parts of the oesophagus.-Iam, etc., Wroclaw, Poland.STANISLAW TUSZEWSKI.
Drug users' views on general practitioners
Authors: C. Hindler, I. Nazareth, M. King, J. Cohen, R. Farmer, C. Gerada
Journal: BMJ (1995)

General practice is a key resource in the treatment of drug misuse.1 The relationship between drug users and general practitioners is unsatisfactory, and a change in attitude is needed to encourage drug users to seek treatment in primary care.2 One study found that most drug users preferred their general practitioner to prescribe maintenance drugs for them, although general practitioners' negative attitudes and lack of interest in drug users' problems were common complaints.3 In a later study drug users perceived general practitioners to be accessible but unsympathetic and lacking in knowledge.4 We report drug users' views on primary health care. This study formed part of a larger survey of the primary medical care received by drug users.

One of us (CH) interviewed drug users attending a private drug clinic, a community drug team, a drug dependency …
Disruption of the transcription factor recombination signal-binding protein-Jκ (RBP-J) leads to veno-occlusive disease and interfered liver regeneration in mice
Authors: Lin Wang, Chun‐Mei Wang, Li‐Hong Hou, Guo‐Rui Dou, Yao‐Chun Wang, Xing‐Bin Hu, Fei He, Fan Feng, Hong‐Wei Zhang, Ying‐Min Liang, Ke‐Feng Dou, Hua Han
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Liver sinusoid (LS) endothelial cells (LSECs) support hepatocytes in resting livers and proliferate during liver regeneration to revascularize regenerated liver parenchyma. We report that recombination signal-binding protein-Jκ (RBP-J), the critical transcription factor mediating Notch signaling, regulates both resting and regenerating LSECs. Conditional deletion of RBP-J resulted in LSEC proliferation and a veno-occlusive disease–like phenotype in the liver, as manifested by liver congestion, deposition of fibrin-like materials in LSs, edema in the space of Disse, and increased apoptosis of hepatocytes. Regeneration of liver was remarkably impaired, with reduced LSEC proliferation and destroyed sinusoidal structure. LSEC degeneration was obvious in the regenerating liver of RBP-J–deficient mice, with some LSECs losing cytoplasm, and organelles protruding into the remnant plasma-membrane of LSs to hamper the microcirculation and intensify veno-occlusive disease during liver regeneration. Hepatocytes were also degenerative, as shown by dilated endoplasmic reticulum, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis during liver regeneration. Molecular analyses revealed that the dynamic expression of several related molecules—such as vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2, interleukin-6, and hepatocyte growth factor—was disturbed. Conclusion: Notch/RBP-J signaling may play dual roles in LSECs: in resting liver it represses proliferation, and in regenerating liver it supports proliferation and functional differentiation. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:268-277.)
Possible acute and chronic synergistic effect of dual chamber pacing and disopyramide in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Shintaro Haruki, Yuichiro Minami, Katsuya Kajimoto, Bun Yashiro, Tsuyoshi Suzuki, Masatoshi Kawana, Nobuhisa Hagiwara
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Evidence that proteases are involved in superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes.
Authors: S Kitagawa, F Takaku, S Sakamoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The possible participation of proteases in superoxide (O2-) production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and monocytes was explores using various protease inhibitors and substrates. Protease inhibitors of serine proteases and synthetic inhibitors that modify the active site of serine proteases. Substrates used were synthetic substrates of the chymotrypsin type as well as trypsin type of protease. All these inhibitors and substrates inhibited O2- oroduction by human PMN and monocytes induced by cytochalasin E and concanavalin A, though PMN were more sensitive to these inhibitors and substrates than monocytes. Inhibition appeared rapidly even when the inhibitors were added at the same time as the stimulants, during the "induction time of O2-production" or at the time of maximum O2- production, whereas much greater inhibition was observed when the cells were preincubated with the inhibitors. These observations suggest that enzymatically active serine proteases are essential for these phagocytic cells to initiate and maintain the O2- production in response to the stimuli. The inhibitory effect of the inhibitor and substrate for chymotrypsin type protease was greater than that of those substances for trypsin-type protease. Macromolecular inhibitors also inhibited the O2- production. These findings suggest that the serine proteases involved in the O2- production by human PMN and monocytes are similar to chymotrypsin rather than trypsin, and are possibly located at the cell surface membrane.
Hyperthyroidism After Radiographic Contrast in a Patient With Separate Cervical and Intrathoracic Multinodular Goiters
Authors: ROSS BREADMORE, ALLAN MCKENZIE, L. BARRY ARKLES, RODNEY J. HICKS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The authors report a case of multinodular goiter in both cervical thyroid and aberrant intrathoracic thyroid tissue which was associated with thyrotoxicosis after the use of radiographic contrast material. The role of correlative imaging in assessment of cervical and anterior mediastinal masses and the phenomenon of Iodine-Induced thyrotoxicosis are also discussed.
Optical Coherence Tomography–Defined Changes Preceding the Development of Drusen-Associated Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Zhichao Wu, Chi D Luu, Lauren N Ayton, Jonathan K Goh, Lucia M Lucci, William C Hubbard, Jill L Hageman, Gregory S Hageman, Robyn H Guymer
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis by Selective Targeting of Memory Effector T Lymphocytes
Authors: Charles N. Ellis, Gerald G. Krueger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Psoriatic plaques are characterized by infiltration with CD4+ CD45RO+ and CD8+ CD45RO+ memory effector T lymphocytes. The recombinant protein alefacept binds to CD2 on memory effector T lymphocytes, inhibiting their activation.In a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we evaluated alefacept as a treatment for psoriasis. Two hundred twenty-nine patients with chronic psoriasis received intravenous alefacept (0.025, 0.075, or 0.150 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo weekly for 12 weeks, with follow-up for 12 additional weeks. Before treatment, the median scores on the psoriasis area-and-severity index were between 14 and 20 in all groups (0 denotes no psoriasis and 72 the most severe disease possible).Alefacept was well tolerated and nonimmunogenic. The mean reduction in the score on the psoriasis area-and-severity index two weeks after treatment was greater in the alefacept groups (38, 53, and 53 percent in the groups receiving 0.025, 0.075, and 0.150 mg per kilogram, respectively) than in the placebo group (21 percent, P<0.001). Twelve weeks after treatment, 28 patients who had received alefacept alone were clear or almost clear of psoriasis. Three patients in the placebo group were clear or almost clear; all three had received additional systemic therapy for psoriasis. Alefacept reduced peripheral-blood memory effector T-lymphocyte (CD45RO+) counts, and the reduction in the number of memory-effector T lymphocytes was correlated with the improvement in psoriasis.Treatment with alefacept for 12 weeks is associated with improvement in chronic plaque psoriasis; some patients have a sustained clinical response after the cessation of treatment. Alefacept selectively targets CD45RO+ memory effector T lymphocytes, suggesting that they have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Decision-Making: The Modern Doctor's Dilemma—Reflections on the Art of Medicine
Authors: Kevin Patrick
Journal: JAMA (1982)

As the potential increases to intervene in the natural history of disease, so does the need to examine the process of intervention itself. How do we choose a diagnostic or therapeutic strategy? How do we provide for consistency in our choices? When values are involved (ours or our patients'), how do we include these in the process of decision making? An important body of literature is developing around these issues. Unfortunately, this book, first published in France, serves only as an unsatisfying appetizer for the substantial food for thought already available in the area of medical decision making. Readers familiar with the fundamentals of decision theory will be frustrated by the dated perspective reflected in the text and bibliography and by the lack of specific examples to illustrate key concepts. To those unfamiliar with the field, more important than the absence of substance is the unjustified bias toward empiricism as
13C urea breath test (UBT) in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori: why does it work better with acid test meals?
Authors: D Pantoflickova
Journal: Gut (2003)

Acid test meals may improve the accuracy of the (13)C urea breath test (UBT). This has been attributed to changes in gastric emptying rather than to the effects of gastric pH on Helicobacter pylori urease.To determine whether enhancement of (13)CO(2) excretion in the UBT in H pylori infected volunteers by acidification of a test meal is due to a delay in gastric emptying.Urease activity in vitro was measured in intact bacteria and in bacterial homogenates. Urease activity in vivo was assessed by means of the UBT. Eleven H pylori infected subjects underwent UBTs with neutral Ensure (pH 7.0), acidified Ensure (pH 3.0), and apple juice (pH 3.0). Gastric emptying was assessed by (13)C sodium acetate breath test.From pH 7 to pH 3, the in vitro urease activity of intact bacteria increased sixfold. In contrast, urease activity of bacterial homogenates was inactivated by low pH. In vivo, urease activity, as measured by the UBT 20 minutes after meal ingestion, was higher with apple juice (delta (13)CO(2)=21.1; p=0.03) and acidified Ensure (delta (13)CO(2)=25.5; p=0.01) than with neutral Ensure (delta (13)CO(2)=12.5). Gastric emptying was faster with apple juice (T(max)=36.7 (8) minutes) but not with acidified Ensure (T(max)=63.3 (5) minutes; p=0.06) than with neutral Ensure (T(max)=65.0 (3) minutes; p=0.04).The higher UBT found with acidified compared with neutral test meals was independent of the emptying rates of the test meals but may have been due to medium acidity dependent activation of intra-bacterial urease in intact H pylori.
Medicine—Molecular, Monetary, or More Than Both?
Authors: Leon Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (1995)

CAN medicine be reduced to molecular biology? Or, to paraphrase Calvin Coolidge, is the business of US medicine business? Or, could Francis Peabody,<sup>1</sup>chief of medicine at Boston City Hospital in the 1920s, have been right when he insisted that an essential quality of the clinician "is interest in humanity, for the secret of the care of the patient is in caring for the patient"? The Human Genome Project<sup>2</sup>has set the goal of cloning all the genes in the 46 human chromosomes. We are told by its proponents that, with a little bit of luck, in 5 or 10 or 20 years (the precise date depending on the bounty of Congress), molecular biologists will have deciphered the human genome. Then, we have been promised, the nature of man will be laid bare before us. Medicine will have become applied molecular genetics. The term evokes images of precision,
FAVORABLE EFFECTS OF HABITUAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON VASCULAR FUNCTION: IKARIA STUDY
Authors: Evangelos Oikonomou, Christine Chrysohoou, Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitris Tousoulis, Marina Zaromitidou, Elias Gialafos, Konstantinos Zisimos, Georgios Marinos, Stamatios Kioufis, Antigoni Miliou, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Christos Pitsavos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Can parallel processing and competitive inhibition explain the generation of saccades?
Authors: M. A. Frens, I. T. C. Hooge, H. H. L. M. Goossens
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

The framework of Findlay &amp; Walker's target article provides a first attempt to model the saccadic system at all levels. Their scheme is based on two main principles. These are “parallel processing of saccade timing and metrics” and “competitive inhibition through winner-take-all strategies.” In our opinion, however, both concepts are in their strictest sense at odds with the current knowledge of the saccadic system, and need to be refined to make the scheme more relevant.
94 CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS AND OUTCOME OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN HCV-POSITIVE RECIPIENTS: FINAL RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: V. Aguilera, M. Prieto, A. Rubín, B. Risalde, C. Ortiz Cantó, F. San Juan, M. Berenguer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Scintigraphic Evaluation of Small Pulmonary Right-to-Left Shunt and Therapeutic Effect in Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: MASAHIRO SUGIYAMA, HARUMI SAKAHARA, TATSUYA IGARASHI, MOTOICHIROU TAKAHASHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Right-to-left shunts of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) can be detected and measured by pulmonary perfusion scans using Tc-99m MAA. In PAVM with a relatively small right-to-left shunt, however, measurement of the shunt ratio may not be reliable. This study re-evaluated pulmonary perfusion scans for a small right-to-left shunt of PAVM.Tc-99m MAA lung scans were performed in five patients with proved PAVM before and after percutaneous transcatheter embolization. The right-to-left shunt ratio was calculated and extrapulmonary uptake was assessed on total-body images.Lung perfusion scans obtained before embolization revealed brain uptake in four patients, and the shunt ratio ranged from 4.4% to 22.9%. In two patients with a small single PAVM, the shunt ratio was less than 15% before treatment and did not change significantly after successful embolotherapy. The brain uptake, which had been clearly visible before therapy, disappeared after embolization. Renal uptake was seen on pre- and post-therapy scans.Changes in brain activity visible on Tc-99m MAA scans might be a more reliable sign than a decreased shunt ratio or a change in renal uptake when evaluating embolization therapy in patients with PAVM who have a small right-to-left shunt.
Diagnosis of antibody‐mediated drug allergy
Authors: C. H. Schneider, M. F. Kasper, A. L. De Weck, H. Rolli, B. D. Angst
Journal: Allergy (1987)

Based on the l‐phenyl‐2,3‐dimethyl‐3‐pyraizolin‐5‐one series and on the 1,2‐diphenyl‐pyrazolidine‐3,5‐dione series of drugs, haptenic reagents and conjugates were synthesized and evaluated by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs, and by ELISA tests using rabbit antisera against the haptens. No cross‐reactivity between pyrazolinone and pyrazolidinedione haptenic reagents was found in any of the test systems. But also within each series, the animal antibodies showed rather strict specificities upon interaction with related haptens or drugs. These results are somewhat unexpected, because the haptens were used in connection with long and flexible spacer arms. Furthermore, they are not typical for certain other drug allergies. The strict specificity reduces the diagnostic potential of the haptenic reagents when used in serological tests or in skin testing.