tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P84 The impact of a multidisciplinary educational programme on the prescribing of oxygen in an acute trust
Authors: H. Khachi, M. Burman, L. Walters, R. Sinha-Ray, S. Antoniou, S. Mandal
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Following the publication of the BTS guideline1 and NPSA rapid response report2 on the use of oxygen, a multidisciplinary educational programme was developed to improve the prescription of oxygen in a large London teaching hospital. The aim of this project was to assess the impact of the educational programme. <h3>Methods</h3> Following a baseline audit of oxygen prescribing, posters were introduced to promote and improve the prescription of oxygen. A second audit demonstrated that no improvement in adherence to guidelines had occurred. In response to this, a Trust wide oxygen policy, development of an oxygen sticker and a comprehensive multi-disciplinary educational programme was delivered, aimed at all medical, nursing, physiotherapy and pharmacy colleagues. The programme involved a series of practical sessions and presentations tailored to each discipline and delivered by pharmacy, physiotherapy and medical representatives. To assess the impact of the interventions, prospective data was collected assessing patients on oxygen against the following criteria: Has oxygen been prescribed? If so, have the following been indicated: Target saturations Starting device and flow rate Continuous or when required oxygen Signed and dated by doctor Nurse signature for administration Clinically screened by pharmacist <h3>Results</h3> The baseline audit demonstrated that oxygen was prescribed in only 23% of cases, of these 50% had target saturations prescribed. All those with an oxygen prescription had regular saturations and administration of oxygen recorded. Re-audit following introduction of educational posters demonstrated only 6% of patients had oxygen prescribed and target saturations documented (n=1). On delivery of the educational programme, a further audit recruited 563 patients, of which 83 patients (15%) were administered oxygen, 30 (36%) had oxygen prescribed appropriately, 73% with target saturations and 77% of which used the newly designed oxygen sticker (Abstract P84 Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We have demonstrated that when changing clinical practice educational posters alone were not effective, however, a structured multidisciplinary teaching programme improved the prescription of oxygen to above national standards. Whilst further improvement is required, a rolling educational programme may further support this.
Enhancer Complexes Located Downstream of Both Human Immunoglobulin Cα Genes
Authors: Frederick C. Mills, Nagaradona Harindranath, Mary Mitchell, Edward E. Max
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

To investigate regulation of human immunoglobulin heavy chain expression, we have cloned DNA downstream from the two human Cα genes, corresponding to the position in the mouse IgH cluster of a locus control region (LCR) that includes an enhancer which regulates isotype switching. Within 25 kb downstream of both the human immunoglobulin Cα1 and Cα2 genes we identified several segments of DNA which display B lymphoid–specific DNase I hypersensitivity as well as enhancer activity in transient transfections. The corresponding sequences downstream from each of the two human Cα genes are nearly identical to each other. These enhancers are also homologous to three regions which lie in similar positions downstream from the murine Cα gene and form the murine LCR. The strongest enhancers in both mouse and human have been designated HS12. Within a 135-bp core homology region, the human HS12 enhancers are ∼90% identical to the murine homolog and include several motifs previously demonstrated to be important for function of the murine enhancer; additional segments of high sequence conservation suggest the possibility of previously unrecognized functional motifs. On the other hand, certain functional elements in the murine enhancer, including a B cell–specific activator protein site, do not appear to be conserved in human HS12. The human homologs of the murine enhancers designated HS3 and HS4 show lower overall sequence conservation, but for at least two of the functional motifs in the murine HS4 (a κB site and an octamer motif ) the human HS4 homologs are exactly conserved. An additional hypersensitivity site between human HS3 and HS12 in each human locus displays no enhancer activity on its own, but includes a region of high sequence conservation with mouse, suggesting the possibility of another novel functional element.
Abstract CT408: Phase I study of one mixed chelates copper(II) compound, Casiopeína CasIIIia with antitumor activity and its mechanism of action
Authors: Lena Ruiz-Azuara, Gerard Bastian, Maria Elena Bravo-Gómez, Roberto Carlos Cañas, Marcos Flores-Alamo, Ines Fuentes, Carmen Mejia, Juan Carlos García-Ramos, Alberto Serrano
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Metal complexes have gained a growing interest as pharmaceuticals for their use as diagnostic agents or as chemotherapeutic drugs[1]. In our group some efforts have been done in the development of anticancer agents employing essential metals such as the family of copper (II) compounds known as Casiopeínas®, with a general formula [Cu (N-N) (X-Y) H2O] NO3 where N-N is a diimine (phen or bipy) and X-Y is a bidentate ligand (acac, salal, aminoacidate, peptide, benzimidazol). These compounds have shown cytostatic, cytotoxic and antineoplastic activity in vitro and in vivo[2]. Also albumin/Casiopeinas interaction is discussed. Among those one have selected that is CasIII-ia as the most adequate to go into clinical trial Phase I. Although the mechanism of action is still not completely elucidated, experimental evidence suggests the interaction of coordination compounds with DNA (nuclear or mitochondrial) and their components and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the main action pathways. Induction of apoptosis has been proved to be the main death tumoral cell pathway. DNA cleavage capacity, compared with the 4, 4´-diimine analogs, then is suggested an intercalation process as the first step for the DNA damage. Also calculations have been done in order to modeling the interaction between Casiopeínas and DNA [3, 4]. The clinical protocol phase I of the dimethyl bpy derivative with acac Cas IIIia is presented and the selection criteria of the drug. [1] S. H. van Rijt, P. J. Sadler, Drug Discov. Today, 14 (2009) 1089-1097. [2] L. Ruiz-Azuara, M.E. Bravo-Gómez, Curr. Med. Chem., 17 (2010) 3606-3615. [3] R. Galindo-Murillo, J. Hernández-Lima, M. González-Rendón, F. Cortés-Guzmán, L. Ruíz-Azuara, R. Moreno-Esparza Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13 (2011) 14511-14516. [4] R. Galindo-Murillo, L. Ruiz-Azuara, R. Moreno-Esparza, F. Cortés-Guzmán Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14 (2012) 15539-15546. Citation Format: Lena Ruiz-Azuara, Gerard Bastian, Maria Elena Bravo-Gómez, Roberto Carlos Cañas, Marcos Flores-Alamo, Ines Fuentes, Carmen Mejia, Juan Carlos García-Ramos, Alberto Serrano. Phase I study of one mixed chelates copper(II) compound, Casiopeína CasIIIia with antitumor activity and its mechanism of action. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr CT408. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-CT408
Aggregate Effects of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio Genetic Variants on Glaucoma in a Multiethnic Asian Population
Authors: Yih-Chung Tham, Jiemin Liao, Eranga N. Vithana, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Yik-Ying Teo, E-Shyong Tai, Tien Y. Wong, Tin Aung, Ching-Yu Cheng
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE : AN EFFECTIVE ADJUNCT TO PSYCHOTHERAPY OF THE NEUROTIC STATES
Authors: S. GEORGE BROWN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Psychotherapy was facilitated in two significant regards: 1) through the alleviation of anxiety, and relaxation without oversedation, chlordiazepoxide markedly augmented patient-therapist communication, thereby promoting better insight, making constructive therapy possible; 2) through its psychological protection against the threat of anxiety, the patient was fortified against stress-provoking situations encountered between office visits. In none of this group would it have been possible for chlordiazepoxide or psychotherapy alone to effect as promptly the degree of benefit that their combination achieved. As an adjunct to psychotherapy this agent fulfills a long-recognized need.
Psychological Predictors of Hypertension in the Framingham Study
Authors: Jerome H. Markovitz
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To test the hypothesis that heightened anxiety, heightened anger intensity, and suppressed expression of anger increase the risk of hypertension, using the Framingham Heart Study.A cohort of men and women without evidence of hypertension at baseline were followed up for 18 to 20 years. Baseline measures of anxiety (tension), anger symptoms, and expression of anger (anger-in and anger-out) were taken, along with biological and behavioral predictors of hypertension (initial systolic blood pressure, heart rate, relative weight, age, hematocrit, alcohol intake, smoking, education, and glucose intolerance).A total of 1123 initially normotensive persons (497 men, 626 women) were included. Analyses were stratified by age (45 to 59 or > or = 60 years) and gender.Hypertension was defined as either taking medication for hypertension or blood pressures higher than 160/95 mm Hg at a biennial examination.In univariate analyses, middle-aged men who went on to develop hypertension had greater baseline anxiety levels than men who remained normotensive (P = .04). Older hypertensive men had fewer anger symptoms at baseline (P = .04) and were less likely to hold their anger in (P = .01) than normotensives. In multivariate Cox regression analysis including biological predictors, anxiety remained an independent predictor of hypertension in middle-aged men (P = .02). Among older men, anger symptoms and anger-in did not remain significant predictors in the multivariate analysis. Further analysis showed that only middle-aged men with very high levels of anxiety were at increased risk (relative risk, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 3.94). No psychological variable predicted hypertension in middle-aged or older women in either univariate or multivariate analyses.The results indicate that among middle-aged men, but not women, anxiety levels are predictive of later incidence of hypertension.
A Common Structure Underlies Low-Frequency Cortical Dynamics in Movement, Sleep, and Sedation
Authors: Thomas M. Hall, Felipe de Carvalho, Andrew Jackson
Journal: Neuron (2014)

Upper-limb movements are often composed of regular submovements, and neural correlates of submovement frequencies between 1 and 4 Hz have been found in the motor cortex. The temporal profile of movements is usually assumed to be determined by extrinsic factors such as limb biomechanics and feedback delays, but another possibility is that an intrinsic rhythmicity contributes to low frequencies in behavior. We used multielectrode recordings in monkeys performing an isometric movement task to reveal cyclic activity in primary motor cortex locked to submovements, and a distinct oscillation in premotor cortex. During ketamine sedation and natural sleep, cortical activity traversed similar cycles and became synchronized across areas. Because the same cortical dynamics are coupled to submovements and also observed in the absence of behavior, we conclude that the motor networks controlling the upper limb exhibit an intrinsic periodicity at submovement frequencies that is reflected in the speed profile of movements.
Chromogranin A Processing in Human Pituitary Adenomas and Carcinomas: Analysis with Region-Specific Antibodies
Authors: Long Jin, Shuya Zhang, Jill Bayliss, Bernd W. Scheithauer, Xiang Qian, Ikuo Kobayashi, Mats Stridsberg, Ricardo V. Lloyd
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2003)
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (Bilateral Acoustic Schwannomas) Demonstrated by Tc-99m (V) DMSA SPECT
Authors: TSUNEO HIRANO, HIDENORI OTAKE, TAKASHI SHIBASAKI, MASARU TAMURA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Tc-99m (V) DMSA clearly demonstrated several cranial meningiomas, bilateral acoustic neurinomas and multiple subcutaneous neurofibromas in a patient of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2). The present paper describes accumulation of Tc-99m (V) DMSA in cranial schwannomas and meningiomas as well as multiple peripheral neurofibromas.
A Diagnostic Model for Diagnosing Chlamydial Infection
Authors: David G. Addiss
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The diagnostic model presented by Johnson et al<sup>1</sup>demonstrates the potential usefulness of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in clinical decision making and provides a method to estimate the probability of<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>infection more precisely for the individual patient. Such probability estimates are necessary to determine the predictive value of nonculture test results accurately and thereby provide appropriate recommendations for treatment and patient follow-up. However, where universal screening is not feasible, the clinician is likely to be less interested in probability than in the immediate dichotomous decision of whether to test for infection. In contrast to selective screening criteria with simple dichotomous outcomes such as those used in family planning clinics in Wisconsin,<sup>2,3</sup>the model presented by Johnson et al requires the clinician to calculate a clinical score for each patient. This raises questions regarding how practical the scoring system may be for routine
Mechanism of action of methyldopa in the rat. Role of 3-O-methylated metabolites.
Authors: F G Zavisca, A P Breau, R J Wurtman
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

We studied the effect of 3-O-methyl-methyldopa (OMMD), the 3-O-methylated metabolite of the antihypertensive drug methyldopa (alpha-methyldopa, AMD), on blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. OMMD lowered blood pressure in a dose-related manner when given orally or intraperitoneally. Its action lasted longer than that of AMD, and daily oral administration produced a cumulative fall in blood pressure. Oral and intraperitoneal OMMD produced similar reductions of blood pressure and similar tissue OMMD levels. After intraperitoneal injection of different doses, levels of OMMD measured in brain, spinal cord, and plasma correlated with the magnitude of the antihypertensive effect. No AMD was detected in tissues after either route of administration, which suggests that the antihypertensive effect was not based on demethylation of OMMD to AMD. Peripheral inhibition of the enzyme, aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD), failed to suppress OMMD's effect on blood pressure; in contrast, central inhibition of AAAD did decrease OMMD's antihypertensive effect. These observations suggest that 3-O-methylated metabolites may participate in the antihypertensive effect of AMD.
Myeloproliferative Disorders (Hematologic Malignancies)
Authors: William H. Wehrmacher, Harry L. Messmore
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical and legal significance of fragmentation of bullets in relation to size of wounds: retrospective analysis
Authors: R. Coupland
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To examine the relation between fragmentation of bullets and size of wounds clinically and in the context of the Hague Declaration of 1899.Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on hospital admissions.Hospitals of the International Committee of the Red Cross.5215 people wounded by bullets in armed conflicts (5933 wounds).Grade of wound computed from the Red Cross wound classification and presence of bullet fragments on radiography.Of the 347 wounds with fragmentation of bullets, 251 (72%) were large wounds (grade 2 or 3)-that is, those with a clinically detectable cavity. Of the 5586 wounds without fragmentation of bullets, 2915 (52.1%) were large wounds. Only 7.9% (251/3166) of large wounds were associated with fragmentation of bullets.Fragmentation of bullets is associated with large wounds, but most large wounds do not contain bullet fragments. In addition, bullet fragments may occur in wounds that are not defined as large. Fragmentation of bullets is neither a necessary nor sufficient cause of large wounds, and surgeons should not diagnose extensive tissue damage because of the presence of fragments on radiography. Such findings also do not necessarily represent the use of bullets which contravene the law of war. Future legislation should take into account not only the construction of bullets but also their potential to transfer energy to the human body.
Expression of A20 by dendritic cells preserves immune homeostasis and prevents colitis and spondyloarthritis
Authors: Gianna Elena Hammer, Emre E Turer, Kimberly E Taylor, Celia J Fang, Rommel Advincula, Shigeru Oshima, Julio Barrera, Eric J Huang, Baidong Hou, Barbara A Malynn, Boris Reizis, Anthony DeFranco, Lindsey A Criswell, Mary C Nakamura, Averil Ma
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)
Critical Role for Caspase-8 in Epidermal Growth Factor Signaling
Authors: Darren Finlay, Amy Howes, Kristiina Vuori
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Caspase-8 has a well-defined canonical role as an apical protease of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Evidence is growing, however, that the protein has numerous other nonapoptotic functions. We have previously shown that caspase-8 is required for efficient adhesion-induced activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)-1/2 pathway. We now show that caspase-8 is also necessary for the efficient activation of downstream events associated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling. This promotion of EGF-induced Erk1/2 activation is independent of the proteolytic activity of caspase-8 and can be recapitulated using only the pro-domains of the protein. In addition, we identify specific residues within the caspase-8 "RXDLL motif" that are essential for Erk pathway activation. Furthermore, these residues are also involved in forming a complex with the tyrosine kinase Src. Caspase-8 null cells and cells reconstituted with caspase-8 harboring point mutations of these critical amino acids also show defective EGF-induced migration as compared with cells reconstituted with the wild-type protein. In sum, we provide the first evidence for caspase-8 as an essential component of growth factor signaling and suggest that this may be due to its association with Src. As the EGF/Src pathway activity has been shown to promote oncogenic events, our findings that caspase-8 is necessary for these activities may help explain why it is rarely deleted or silenced in tumors.
Upregulation of bone cell differentiation through immobilization within a synthetic extracellular matrix
Authors: Marta B. Evangelista, Susan X. Hsiong, Rui Fernandes, Paula Sampaio, Hyun-Joon Kong, Cristina C. Barrias, Roberto Salema, Mário A. Barbosa, David J. Mooney, Pedro L. Granja
Journal: Biomaterials (2007)
Change in use of asthma as a diagnostic label for wheezing illness in schoolchildren.
Authors: R. Hill, J. Williams, A. Tattersfield, J. Britton
Journal: BMJ (1989)

tion.4 Retesting of three of the five subjects negative for antibody but positive by the polymerase chain reaction confirmed the reproducibility of this technique.Susceptible patients must be at some risk of infec- tion when given transfusions of blood from subjects such as these who carry the virus.Thus the polymerase chain reaction clearly has an important role in screening blood products as well as being a powerful test in diagnostic virology.
B1-02: A Phase 1-2 study of the anti-sense oligonucleotide OGX-011 in combination with a platinum/gemcitabine regimen as first-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Janessa Laskin, Desiree Hao, Christina Canil, Christopher Lee, B Melosky, Joe Stephenson, Mark Vincent, Barbara Gitlitz, Susanna Cheng, Nevin Murray
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Abstract 3252: A regulatory variant in CYP2E1 affects the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lei Cao, Jia Lin, Bing He, Hongge Wang, Juan Rao, Yingwen Liu, Xuemei Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), an ethanol-inducible enzyme, has been shown to metabolically activate various carcinogens, which is critical for the development of cancers. It has demonstrated that CYP2E1 polymorphisms alter the transcriptional activity of the gene. However, studies on the association between CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism and non-small cell lung cancer have reported conflicting results. Thus, the gain of the present study was to investigate whether CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism is associated with the development of non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population. Method: A case-control study was conducted in which CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism was analyzed in 526 Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 526 age-matched healthy controls by PCR-RFLP. Odds ratios were estimated by multivariate logistic regression. Result: For CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism, C allele carriers (OR=0.67; CI=0.51-0.87; P=0.002) was associated with a decreased risk of non-small cell lung cancer when compared with GG homozygotes. In the group analyses by pathological types, for lung SCC and other types the ORs of the C allele carriers were (OR=0.60; CI=0.41-0.88; P=0.009) and (OR=0.54; CI=0.30-0.99; P=0.045), respectively. In the group analyses by smoking status, there was a significant association among nonsmokers (OR=0.57; CI=0.40-0.81; P=0.002), but not smokers. In the group analyses by TNM stage, there was no significance between CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism and the grade of non-small cell lung cancer. Conclusion: CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of development of non-small cell lung cancer and lung SCC or other types in Chinese patients. Key Words: lung cancer; CYP2E1; gene polymorphism; susceptibility; genetic variant Citation Format: Lei Cao, Jia Lin, Bing He, Hongge Wang, Juan Rao, Yingwen Liu, Xuemei Zhang. A regulatory variant in CYP2E1 affects the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3252. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3252