tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modification of Sunburn by Infrared Rays
Authors: Mark Allen Everett
Journal: JAMA (1963)

DERMATOLOGISTS and physical therapists have, for many years, utilized infrared rays to counteract accidental overexposure to ultraviolet light. However, the chemical and physiological bases for this phenomenon have not been demonstrated and the fundamental nature of ultraviolet erythema has not been clarified. We became interested in studying the nature of infrared modification of ultraviolet erythema in hope that an investigation might contribute to our understanding of the physiology of the sunburn reaction. <h3>Review</h3> The 1929 study of Shattock and Waller is the only investigation we have found which concerned itself with the effect of infrared radiation on the cutaneous erythema produced by ultraviolet light.<sup>1</sup>In their study it was shown that the application of heat during or after, but not prior to, ultraviolet radiation diminished and delayed the appearance of the erythema reaction. More recent studies of the infrared effect on induced ultraviolet damage have either been conducted
Major Adverse Events Rate and Characteristics in Duzce, The Results of Melen Study with 36 Months Prospective Follow-up
Authors: Yusuf Aslantaş, Hakan Özhan, Yasin Türker, İsmail Ekinözü, Hakan Tibilli, Enver Sinan Albayrak, Mücahit Gür, Cengiz Basar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Drug Testing in the Workplace— Are Methods Legally Defensible?
Authors: David W. Hoyt
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Urinalysis results are increasingly being used by employers to detect use of prohibited substances in the workplace. Actions taken on the basis of positive urinalysis results can have a significant effect on employees' lives and careers, and may face legal challenge. Important aspects of urinalysis are choice of analytical methods and their legal defensibility. Medical directors are frequently required to select testing laboratories, but have had few data correlating analytical methods with legal defensibility. To evaluate the legal defensibility of the methods used for drug testing, we conducted a survey of technical experts, testing laboratories, and arbitrators. Experts reported wide differences in the legal defensibility of methods rated. Arbitrators had considerable experience in drug use cases and understood the critical role of urinalysis results, but were unable to distinguish legal defensibility of analytical methods. Commercial laboratory practice in urinalysis varies widely among laboratories. An objective of this article is to provide company medical directors with information that will enable them to make informed decisions when choosing urinalysis laboratories and methods.
Dual Reporter Comparative Indexing of rAAV Pseudotyped Vectors in Chimpanzee Airway
Authors: Terence R Flotte, Anne C Fischer, Jason Goetzmann, Christian Mueller, Liudmila Cebotaru, Ziying Yan, Lilli Wang, James M Wilson, William B Guggino, John F Engelhardt
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Selecting the most efficient recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) serotype for airway gene therapy has been difficult due to cross-specific differences in tropism and immune response between humans and animal models. Chimpanzees--the closest surviving genetic relative of humans--provide a valuable opportunity to select the most effective serotypes for clinical trials in humans. However, designing informative experiments using this protected species is challenging due to limited availability and experimental regulations. We have developed a method using Renilla luciferase (RL) and firefly luciferase (FL) reporters to directly index the relative transduction and immune response of two promising rAAV serotypes following lung coinfection. Analysis of differential luciferase activity in chimpanzee airway brushings demonstrated a 20-fold higher efficiency for rAAV1 over rAAV5 at 90 days, a finding that was similar in polarized human airway epithelia. T-cell responses to AAV5 capsid were stronger than AAV1 capsid. This dual vector indexing approach may be useful in selecting lead vector serotypes for clinical gene therapy and suggests rAAV1 is preferred for cystic fibrosis.
Preserved Postoperative Penile Size Correlates Well with Maintained Erectile Function after Bilateral Nerve-Sparing Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy
Authors: Alberto Briganti, Fabio Fabbri, Andrea Salonia, Andrea Gallina, Felix K.-H. Chun, Federico Dehò, Giuseppe Zanni, Nazareno Suardi, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Abstract 3365: Identification of target antigens on breast cancer stem cells using phage-developed scFv antibodies: <i>A Proteomic Approach</i>
Authors: Shukla Anurag, David N. Krag (Mentor)
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The term ‘cancer stem cell’ has only recently emerged, and is defined as a cancer cell that has the ability to self-renew and give rise to another malignant stem cell, as well as differentiate to give rise to the phenotypically diverse non-tumorigenic cancer cells. The ‘cancer stem cell’ hypothesis emerged from the fact that tumors contain a heterogeneous mixture of cells and that not all the cells within a tumor contribute to tumor growth. Using phage display technology, our previous studies have identified two single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies (clones 207, 208) that were found to specifically bind human SUM159 breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). We have also shown in a murine xenograft tumor model prepared from the implanted SUM159 cells that these scFv antibodies predominantly bind to the cells located at the periphery of the tumors. Taking in light of these discoveries, the next logical question to be investigated was, “What cellular-antigens are these scFvs binding to?” In order to answer this in the present investigation, we used proteomic approaches based on a small scale immunoprecipitation, followed by purification and mass-spectrometry-based identification of the binding target antigens. A pure population of BCSC was acquired by flow cytometry, using ALDEFLUOR®-based sorting of the SUM159 cell line. Cell lysates of the sorted BCSC were prepared and the target antigens were immunoprecipitated with scFv-207 and scFv-208 antibodies using a solid-state immunoprecipitation assay. The immunoprecipitated targets were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The target antigens were purified and mass-spectrometric techniques (LQT-MS/ESI mass-fingerprinting) were employed to compare the proteomic data to protein databases. The details of the recovery of peptide-based target antigens and their identification using the proteomic approach as outlined above, will be presented and discussed. The identification of BCSC-specific targets will be a crucial step in designing and developing better and more specific antibody-based therapies against breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3365.
Warfarin‐induced limb gangrene in the setting of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liviu Klein, Angel Galvez, Oana Klein, Juan Chediak
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract A 53‐year‐old man with lung adenocarcinoma developed pulmonary embolism and bilateral popliteal venous thrombosis. Treated with intravenous unfractionated heparin and discharged home on warfarin, he returned a week later with extending thrombosis. Treatment with heparin followed by warfarin was reinitiated. Twenty‐four hours following the re‐administration of warfarin, the patient's INR increased to 14.5. The platelet count dropped by more than 50%, and he developed venous limb gangrene of the left leg and skin necrosis of the right leg. Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia was ruled out, and coagulation studies showed a severe depletion of protein C as well as increased thrombin generation. The patient was transfused with fresh frozen plasma, and vitamin K was given. Heparin was continued, and after 4 weeks, the patient improved markedly showing only minimal necrosis of the toes. Venous limb gangrene is a major complication associated with warfarin therapy. Its pathogenesis is explained by a transient hypercoagulable state produced by protein C depletion that leads to microvascular thrombi progressing to venous limb gangrene. The present case emphasizes the importance of careful anticoagulation with heparin followed by slow initiation of low‐dose warfarin, in order to minimize thrombotic complications. Am. J. Hematol. 76:176–179, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful Treatment of Gram-Negative Bacillary Meningitis with Moxalactam
Authors: DAVID A. OLSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Meningitis caused by enteric gram-negative bacilli is relatively uncommon but is very difficult to treat despite susceptibility in vitro to many antimicrobics. A major problem appears to be poor entry of many drugs into the central nervous system. Moxalactam is an investigational cephalosporin that attains concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid that are 15% to 30% of contemporaneous serum concentrations; moreover, it is quite active against many of the enteric gram-negative bacilli. We used moxalactam to treat meningitis caused by Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli in four adults and one child, giving up to 100 mg/kg body weight per day by intravenous injection. The concentrations of moxalactam in serum, lumbar, and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid exceeded the minimal lethal concentrations of all causative bacteria. The patients were cured. In this small series, moxalactam, when administered intravenously as the sole agent of therapy, was effective in the treatment of meningitis caused by susceptible gram-negative bacilli.
Lethane 384 on Clothing as a Mosquito Repellent
Authors: C. G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Epidermophytosis of Feet.-The interdigital spaces were thoroughly cleaned, and all dead skin removed; 0.5%.P.M.C.- calamine powder was applied if the affected area was very moist, and when drying had occurred 0.125% ointment was
Acupuncture and postherpetic neuralgia.
Authors: G T Lewith, J Field
Journal: BMJ (1980)

acting insulin and suggests that the absorbed insulin is biologically active.On the other hand, measurement of plasma insulin levels in healthy subjects may not accurately reflect insulin absorption kinetics urnder all circumstances.Firstly, circulating levels of plasma insulin in healthy people are the sum of endogenous plus exogenous insulin and do not reflect the amount of absorbed insulin alone.This is important, since exogenous insulin is shown to decrease endogenous insulin secretion in the normal person.7 Secondly, serum insulin levels are affected not only by the rate of insulin delivery but also by the rate of insulin clearance.Factors which may affect insulin clearance regardless of their effect on insulin absorption may affect plasma immunoreactive concentra- tions after insulin injection.Furthermore, owing to the rapid turnover of insulin, plasma insulin levels at a given time represent only a minor portion of subcutaneously injected insulin.89Thus under circumstances of altered endogenous insulin secretion or changed metabolic clearance of insulin the determination of serum insulin levels as an index of insulin absorption kinetics is subject to error.
Authors' reply to Balzer and colleagues
Authors: L. Avital, G. Stansby, M. Westby
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We thank Balzer and colleagues for their response to our summary.1 2 For the risk assessment tool recommendation, two reviews were undertaken—“test and treat” effectiveness of risk assessment tools (two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and predictive ability of risk assessment tools (44 studies). For full details, refer to chapter 7 of the full guideline.3 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence …
Diabetes mellitus and sexual ateliotic dwarfism: a comparative study
Authors: T. J. Merimee, S. E. Fineberg, V. A. McKusick, J. Hall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The incidence of diabetic retinopathy was determined in 38 diabetics and 31 sexual ateliotic dwarfs deficient only in human growth hormone (HGH). The age and sex distribution were approximately the same in each group. The incidence and pattern of glucose intolerance were similar in diabetics and HGH-deficient dwarfs. The majority of diabetics (21 of 38) and HGH-deficient dwarfs (26 of 31) exhibited insulinopenia after glucose, mixed glucose-beef meals, and the infusion of l-arginine. A smaller number of HGH-deficient dwarfs (5 of 31) and diabetics (8 of 38) had normal or augmented absolute insulin responses to these same provocative stimuli. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia occurred with greater frequency in both diabetics and HGH-deficient dwarfs than in normal controls. 8 of 21 diabetics and 6 of 21 sexual ateliotics exhibited significant hypertriglyceridemia. Five diabetics and six sexual ateliotics had significantly greater than normal serum cholesterol levels. Nearly half of the diabetics (16 of 38) had significant pathological abnormalities of the retina, but these changes were conspicuously absent in HGH-deficient dwarfs. No retinal lesions were detected in any HGH-deficient dwarf.
Inorganic arsenic: a need and an opportunity to improve risk assessment.
Authors: W R Chappell, B D Beck, K G Brown, R Chaney, R Cothern, C R Cothern, K J Irgolic, D W North, I Thornton, T A Tsongas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

This paper presents views on the current status of (inorganic) arsenic risk assessment in the United States and recommends research needed to set standards for drinking water. The opinions are those of the Arsenic Task Force of the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health, which has met periodically since 1991 to study issues related to arsenic risk assessment and has held workshops and international conferences on arsenic. The topic of this paper is made timely by current scientific interest in exposure to and adverse health effects of arsenic in the United States and passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendment of 1996, which has provisions for a research program on arsenic and a schedule mandating the EPA to revise the maximum contaminant level of arsenic in drinking water by the year 2001. Our central premise and recommendations are straightforward: the risk of adverse health effects associated with arsenic in drinking water is unknown for low arsenic concentrations found in the United States, such as at the current interim maximum contaminant level of 50 microg/l and below. Arsenic-related research should be directed at answering that question. New epidemiological studies are needed to provide data for reliable dose-response assessments of arsenic and for skin cancer, bladder cancer, or other endpoints to be used by the EPA for regulation. Further toxicological research, along with the observational data from epidemiology, is needed to determine if the dose-response relationship at low levels is more consistent with the current assumption of low-dose linearity or the existence of a practical threshold. Other recommendations include adding foodborne arsenic to the calculation of total arsenic intake, calculation of total arsenic intake, and encouraging cooperative research within the United States and between the United States and affected countries.
Circulating Vitamin D Concentrations in Two Neighboring Populations With Markedly Different Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Hanna Viskari, Anita Kondrashova, Pentti Koskela, Mikael Knip, Heikki Hyöty
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes (1). In Finland, the incidence of type 1 diabetes is the highest in the world, while in the neighboring Karelian Republic of Russia, the incidence is approximately one-sixth that in Finland, despite no difference in HLA-conferred susceptibility (2). Thus, the reason(s) must be linked to environmental factors.

We assessed vitamin D status in the Russian Karelian and Finnish populations to determine whether vitamin D could play a role in the huge difference observed in diabetes incidence. The geographical location in terms of daily sunlight exposure is …
No signs of immunoactivation in the cerebrospinal fluid during treatment with infliximab
Authors: M Andersson, E Svenungsson, M Khademi, J Lampa, L Brundin, E Wallstrom
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

Neuroinflammatory (demyelinating) disease is a rare but feared complication of treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in patients with polyarthritis. In this study, blood and cerebrospinal fluid markers of inflammation were analysed in 10 people with polyarthritis before and during treatment with infliximab. An increased systemic expression of interferon (IFN)gamma was detected. Systemic administration of IFNgamma is known to exacerbate multiple sclerosis. However, the present study failed to detect signs of inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid samples-that is, pleocytosis, oligoclonal immunoglobulin G bands, increased expression of IFNgamma, TNFalpha or interleukin 10, or increased levels of nitric oxide oxidation products. Our initial hypothesis, that the few cases of clinical neuroinflammatory disorders observed during treatment of polyarthritis with anti-TNFalpha represent the extreme end of a commonly occurring minor intrathecal immune activation, which in most cases does not give any overt neurological dysfunction, was not supported. Induction of systemic IFNgamma production may still be relevant in neuroinflammation associated with treatment with anti-TNFalpha.
Widespread Tophaceous Gout Demonstrating AvidF-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake
Authors: Michael Steiner, Vani Vijayakumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Gout is a sodium urate crystal-induced deposition disorder that can involve articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial tissue, and periarticular soft tissues. Gout can be secondary to increased urate production, decreased renal clearance of urate, or most commonly, idiopathic. Typical presentations include acute episodes of painful, erythematous joints. When combined with renal impairment, recurrent attacks can result in chronic tophaceous gout with monosodium urate deposits in the periarticular soft tissues. Characteristic radiographic findings of gout have been well-described. Widespread periarticular F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake is a nonspecific finding and can be seen in many diffuse arthritic processes. We present a 54-year-old man with renal failure and severe, chronic tophaceous gout with multiple-related complications including infections that required tophi debridement and bilateral toe amputations. Initially, the patient underwent a chest CT scan for chest pain, which demonstrated a solitary, noncalcified pulmonary nodule. Extensive gouty tophi in the shoulders and posterior chest wall were also noted. The nodule was further evaluated with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging, which demonstrated no significant uptake within the nodule but significant, widespread periarticular uptake.
Chemotherapy Breath Test
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ASSOCIATION OF NON-HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL WITH ALBUMIN-CREATININE RATIO AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Alex Briasoulis, Sandip Zalawadiya, Sagar Mallikethy-Reddy, Fayez Ahmed Siddiqui, Luis Afonso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Atlas of Airway Management: Techniques and Tools
Authors: Andranik Ovassapian
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recipient NK cell inactivation and intestinal barrier loss are required for MHC-matched graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Sam C. Nalle, H. Aimee Kwak, Karen L. Edelblum, Nora E. Joseph, Gurminder Singh, Galina F. Khramtsova, Eric D. Mortenson, Peter A. Savage, Jerrold R. Turner
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Pretransplant conditioning promotes minor mismatch GVHD by causing intestinal barrier loss and depleting NK cells.
Medicine Without Doctors: Home Health Care in American History
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<b>Health Care and Popular Medicine in 19th Century England: Essays in the Social History of Medicine,</b>by John Woodward and David Richards, 195 pp, $18, New York, Holmes and Meier (101 Fifth Ave, New York 10003), 1977. Social history of medicine differs from history of social medicine. The latter has to do with government control of medical care; social history, on the other hand, concerns the social factors that relate to illness and its treatment: the interrelations of people; attitudes, customs, and values of various social classes; poverty and its effects—the whole realm of sociology. By a remarkable coincidence, two books on social medicine, written on different sides of the Atlantic Ocean, have appeared almost simultaneously, the one dealing with America in the 19th century, the other with England in approximately the same era. The volume edited by Risse et al reprints a symposium at the University of Wisconsin dealing