tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modulation of heparin cofactor II activity by histidine-rich glycoprotein and platelet factor 4.
Authors: D M Tollefsen, C A Pestka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Heparin cofactor II is a plasma protein that inhibits thrombin rapidly in the presence of either heparin or dermatan sulfate. We have determined the effects of two glycosaminoglycan-binding proteins, i.e., histidine-rich glycoprotein and platelet factor 4, on these reactions. Inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II and heparin was completely prevented by purified histidine-rich glycoprotein at the ratio of 13 micrograms histidine-rich glycoprotein/microgram heparin. In contrast, histidine-rich glycoprotein had no effect on inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II and dermatan sulfate at ratios of less than or equal to 128 micrograms histidine-rich glycoprotein/microgram dermatan sulfate. Removal of 85-90% of the histidine-rich glycoprotein from plasma resulted in a fourfold reduction in the amount of heparin required to prolong the thrombin clotting time from 14 s to greater than 180 s but had no effect on the amount of dermatan sulfate required for similar anti-coagulant activity. In contrast to histidine-rich glycoprotein, purified platelet factor 4 prevented inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II in the presence of either heparin or dermatan sulfate at the ratio of 2 micrograms platelet factor 4/micrograms glycosaminoglycan. Furthermore, the supernatant medium from platelets treated with arachidonic acid to cause secretion of platelet factor 4 prevented inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II in the presence of heparin or dermatan sulfate. We conclude that histidine-rich glycoprotein and platelet factor 4 can regulate the antithrombin activity of heparin cofactor II.
Histoplasmosis Presenting as Acute Polyarthritis
Authors: Robert N. Class, Frank S. Cascio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

MIGRATORY polyarthritis was the predominant presenting manifestation of acute primary histoplasmosis in the following case.Case ReportA 23-year-old student first noted pain, swelling and redness of the left ankle. Four days later the right ankle became similarly involved. After 3 days, bilateral ankle pain prevented him from attending classes. He recalled a mild "cold" about 1 week earlier and thereafter had experienced malaise and low-grade fever.On admission the temperature was 38.1°C, and the pulse 100. Both ankles showed diffuse swelling, marked tenderness, calor, and limited painful motion. The remainder of the examination was within normal limits.Fever (temperature . . .
Psychosocial and material pathways in the relation between income and health: a response to Lynch et al
Authors: M. Marmot
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Much of the debate on health inequalities has centred on the damage done by poverty. However, evidence suggests that health is also related to inequality. Firstly, as the Whitehall studies of British civil servants show, there is a gradient in health among those who are not poor, indicating that the higher the socioeconomic position, the lower the morbidity and mortality.1–4 Whole population samples show that this gradient runs right across societies and that its magnitude varies between societies and over time. 5 6 Although absolute mortality has been falling in Britain, inequalities in mortality have increased. 7 8 Secondly, despite the health gradient within societies, there is little relation between average income (gross domestic product per capita) and life expectancy in rich countries. This suggests that absolute material standards are not, in themselves, the key. Thirdly, there is a strong relation between mortality and income inequalities. People living in countries with greater income inequality have a shorter life expectancy.9–11 Furthermore, a similar relation has been found for geographical areas within countries.12–15

#### Summary points

Economic and social circumstances affect health through the physiological effects of their emotional and social meanings and the direct effects of material circumstances

Material conditions do not adequately explain health inequalities in rich countries

The relation between smaller inequalities in income and better population health reflects increased psychosocial wellbeing

In rich countries wellbeing is more closely related to relative income than absolute income

Social dominance, inequality, autonomy, and the quality of social relations have an impact on psychosocial wellbeing and are among the most powerful explanations for the pattern of population health in rich countries

These observations support our argument that there are psychosocial pathways associated with relative disadvantage which act in addition to the direct effects of absolute material …
One small slip and its consequences.
Authors: M Pleydell
Journal: BMJ (1984)

FIG 2-Chest x ray film one week after inhalation of liquid paraffins.mm in the first hour and leucocytes to 22 -7 x 1 0O/1 and haemoglobin concentra- tion decreased to 10-3 g/dl.Penicillin was changed to doxycycline and the corticosteroids were con- tinued.Thereafter the condition of the patient improved.The fever abated slowly during the following two weeks, oxygen pressure returned to normal, and the chest x ray film showed considerable improvement of the pulmonary abnormalities.After about three weeks in hospital the patient was well enough to be discharged.At check up about two months after the accident she had completely recovered.Chest x ray film showed almost complete disappearance of the pulmonary abnormalities.
Poisoning Hazards of Glass Candle Lamps
Authors: Anthony M. Burda
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Fuels for glass candle lamps are liquid aliphatic hydrocarbons typically labeled petroleum distillates or paraffinic hydrocarbons. The major toxicity resulting from ingestion of these products is chemical pneumonitis secondary to aspiration of these low-viscosity hydrocarbons.<sup>1,2</sup>These liquid fuels are available in attractive colors, some are pleasantly scented, and when purchased and stored, they are packaged in child-resistant containers with safety caps and are labeled with prominent warnings (ie, "Harmful or Fatal if Swallowed"). However, the chance of unintentional poisoning from these liquid fuels is dramatically increased when they are transferred into glass candle lamps and placed in easily accessible areas such as low shelves or table tops. We demonstrate the potential risk of unintentional poisoning to children posed by liquid hydrocarbon fuels specifically stored in glass candle lamps. From November 1994 through June 1996, the Illinois Poison Center collected from Northeastern Illinois 21 cases of pediatric
Correlation of the mechanical responses of the heart with the norepinephrine overflow during cardiac sympathetic neural stimulation in the dog
Authors: M. N. LEVY, B. BLATTBERG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

The changes in heart rate and right ventricular contractile force were measured in anaesthetised dogs during stimulation of each ansa subclavia, and the responses were correlated with the overflow or norepinephrine (NE) into the coronary sinus blood. The increase in heart rate was considerably greater during stimulation of the right than of the left ansa subclavia. Conversely, left ansa stimulation had a slightly greater effect on right ventricular contractile force than did right-sided stimulation. The changes in norepinephrine overflow into the coronary sinus blood paralleled the alterations in contractile force; during stimulation at 2 and 4 Hz, the rates of norepinephrine overflow were 50 and 34% greater, respectively, with left-sided than with right-sided stimulation. On both the right and left sides, stimulation of the anterior limb of the ansa subclavia produced greater increments in heart rate and contractile force than did stimulation of the posterior limb. Similarly, the rates of norepinephrine overflow during anterior ansal stimulation were 100 and 75% greater than during posterior ansal stimulation for the right and left sides, respectively. Thus, both limbs of the two ansae subclaviae innervate the myocardial regions drained by the coronary sinus, but the greatest innervation arises from the anterior limb on the left side.
Antihypertensive Therapy: Principles and Practice
Authors: T. Franklin Williams
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This volume shows the excellent characteristics which we associate with the Ciba-sponsored symposia. Most of the world's leading contributors to our understanding of antihypertensive therapy brought their own experiences up to date in the presentations. In the discussions, varying points of view were subjected to critical cross-fire. Thus the volume serves as a source both of valuable information not readily available elsewhere and of recommendations for therapy modified by the criticism of colleagues. The following general topics are included: the pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs and the experimental basis for antihypertensive treatment including methods for assessing, selecting, and following patients; aspects of short-term management of hypertension including hypertensive crises; aspects and results of long-term treatment; and a rather full presentation of the diagnosis and treatment of renovascular hypertension and other renal causes of hypertension. In this last section some of the highlights for this reviewer were these: (1) the steadily improving
Mutagenicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites: implications for the risk assessment of trichloroethylene.
Authors: M M Moore, K Harrington-Brock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

This article addresses the evidence that trichloroethylene (TCE) or its metabolites might mediate tumor formation via a mutagenic mode of action. We review and draw conclusions from the published mutagenicity and genotoxicity information for TCE and its metabolites, chloral hydrate (CH), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), trichloroethanol, S-(1, 2-dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine (DCVC), and S-(1, 2-dichlorovinyl) glutathione (DCVG). The new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed Cancer Risk Assessment Guidelines provide for an assessment of the key events involved in the development of specific tumors. Consistent with this thinking, we provide a new and general strategy for interpreting genotoxicity data that goes beyond a simple determination that the chemical is or is not genotoxic. For TCE, we conclude that the weight of the evidence argues that chemically induced mutation is unlikely to be a key event in the induction of human tumors that might be caused by TCE itself (as the parent compound) and its metabolites, CH, DCA, and TCA. This conclusion derives primarily from the fact that these chemicals require very high doses to be genotoxic. There is not enough information to draw any conclusions for trichloroethanol and the two trichloroethylene conjugates, DCVC and DCVG. There is some evidence that DCVC is a more potent mutagen than CH, DCA, or TCA. Unfortunately, definitive conclusions as to whether TCE will induce tumors in humans via a mutagenic mode of action cannot be drawn from the available information. More research, including the development and use of new techniques, is required before it is possible to make a definitive assessment as to whether chemically induced mutation is a key event in any human tumors resulting from exposure to TCE.
Elasticity of human aortic valve cusps
Authors: J. E. C. WRIGHT, Y. L. NG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

The elasticity of human aortic valve cusps has been measured by allowing a disc of cusp tissue to bulge under pressure. The resulting pressure/volume curve gives a profile of the overall elasticity and of the change of elasticity over a range of pressures. Two phases are found in all instances. Over a pressure change of 1 to 12·5 mm Hg the cusp behaves in an elastic manner, stretching up to 10% of its original length. After this the cusp becomes relatively inelastic. The implications of this non-Hookean response with respect to valve function are discussed. The elasticity of similar cusps from different hearts, and all three cusps from the same heart are compared. There is no significant difference in the former at the 95% level of confidence. Changes due to age are noted.
Screening for Alcohol Abuse-Reply
Authors: Forrest S. Tennant
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In Reply.—  Dr Lacoursiere points out some screening measures that may help the clinician recognize alcohol abuse in clinical settings. We have found the pocket-sized breath analyzer to be particularly useful. A recently reported study by us, using this device, showed that 6.6% of a group of adult men given a preemployment physical examination had a positive result on the breath alcohol test.1All medical populations will not likely show a prevalence of more than 5% alcohol abuse, since alcohol abuse is episodic in nature. Most epidemiologic surveys of adult, nonmedical populations report that alcohol problems related to driving, work, or marriage reach an upper prevalence of 10% to 15%.2Compulsive, daily alcohol use that could likely be detected by medical screening, however, has much lower prevalence.  The medical population screened in our study intentionally eliminated patients with the common psychiatric complaints of nervousness, fatigue, insomnia, and headaches,
Return to normal of Argyll-Robertson pupils after treatment.
Authors: F M Lanigan-O'Keeffe
Journal: BMJ (1977)

At the time of writing only two grafts remained patent, after up to two years' follow-up (see table ).One of the patent grafts was aneurysmal.No other graft remained patent for more than six months, and four patients had to undergo major amputation.The remaining four patients were severely disabled by claudication or ischaemic ulceration.Other complications apart from graft occlusion and aneurysm formation have occurred.One graft was insufficiently mature for use at six weeks, although maturation was satisfactory at 12 weeks.Both early failures (in cases 4 and 5) followed reoperation for reactionary haemorrhage, probably resulting from fraying of the graft at the proximal anastomosis.One of these grafts was removed two months after operation following a secondary haemorrhage.Infection was not otherwise encountered.Outcome of Sparks mandril graft Case Age Preoperative Fate of graft Present state of limb No (yrs) ulceration 1 63 Yes Thrombosed at 3 months Severe claudication 2 44 No Thrombosed at 4 months Healed above-knee amputation 3 65 No Patent at 18 months but Satisfactory aneurysmal 4 59 Yes Thrombosed at 24 hours Healed Gritti-Stokes amputation 5 70 Yes Thrombosed at 24 hours Healed Gritti-Stokes amputation 6
Antibodies to Haemophilus Influenzae in Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: A. A. Glynn
Journal: BMJ (1959)

PARAINFLUENZA VIRUSES TYPES 1 AND 3 |DBRrrm 911 washings containing typical pedigree cold viruses such as H.G.P. (Table III).We therefore feel that it has yet to be proved that parainfluenza viruses can under natural conditions produce a common-cold-like disease in adults.Summary Eighteen human volunteers were inoculated intra- nasally with various doses of a strain of parainfluenza 1 virus.Nine became infected, and six of these developed illnesses resembling the common cold.Twenty volunteers received parainfluenza 3 virus.Eight became infected, of whom six developed cold-like illnesses, one had an illness like influenza, and one remained well.The colds produced were clinically indistinguishable from those occurring after instillation of washings containing a cold virus, but the incubation period was longer in the parainfluenza virus infections.We wish to thank the volunteers whose willing and conscientious help made these experiments possible, Dr. C. H. Andrewes for his interest and help in the clinical assessment of the volunteers, and Miss J. B. Macdonald,
GLYCERIN PLATE FOR DETECTING NONPOLLEN TYPE OF ASTHMA
Authors: I. S. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1924)

To the Editor:  —The value of the glycerin microscopic slide for the trapping and identification of air-borne pollen has long been known. I have also found this device of value in the handling of difficult chronic, nonpollen types of hayfever and asthma, especially those sensitive to animal hairs. The glycerin traps not only pollen and inorganic dusts, but also hair, fine feather particles, and fibers of wool, silk, cotton and linen, all of which can be easily identified microscopically with a little practice. They will be found unexpectedly at times in excessive quantity under conditions in which their absence seems so certain as to make them an inconsequential factor. If the slides are stained with compound solution of iodin, unsuspected pollen granules also will be found, if present. If the slides are set out in a patient's room or on the window sill for twenty-four hours, the comparative presence or
Classification and prediction of clinical Alzheimer's diagnosis based on plasma signaling proteins
Authors: Sandip Ray, Markus Britschgi, Charles Herbert, Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura, Adam Boxer, Kaj Blennow, Leah F Friedman, Douglas R Galasko, Marek Jutel, Anna Karydas, Jeffrey A Kaye, Jerzy Leszek, Bruce L Miller, Lennart Minthon, Joseph F Quinn, Gil D Rabinovici, William H Robinson, Marwan N Sabbagh, Yuen T So, D Larry Sparks, Massimo Tabaton, Jared Tinklenberg, Jerome A Yesavage, Robert Tibshirani, Tony Wyss-Coray
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
ARGYRIA..
Authors: A. C. MEHTA, K. DAWSON-BUTTERWORTH, M. A. Woodhouse
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article ARGYRIA.: Electron Microscopic Study of a Case. Get access A. C. MEHTA, M.B., B.S., M.R.C.P.E., A. C. MEHTA, M.B., B.S., M.R.C.P.E. Medical Registrar, St. Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. DAWSON‐BUTTERWORTH, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., K. DAWSON‐BUTTERWORTH, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Senior House Officer, St. Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. A. Woodhouse, M.B., Ch.B. M. A. Woodhouse, M.B., Ch.B. Research Pathologist and Electron Microscopist, Portsmouth and Isle of Wight Area Pathological Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 3, 1 March 1966, Pages 175–179, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12197.x Published: 01 March 1966
Studies on the mechanism of natriuresis accompanying increased renal blood flow and its role in the renal response to extracellular volume expansion.
Authors: L E Earley, R M Friedler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

In the dog the net tubular reabsorption of so- dium may diminish during saline loading, inde- pendent of salt retaining hormones and even in the face of a decline in glomerular filtration rate (1-5).We have suggested that increased renal blood flow during saline loading may be one factor that contributes to the decreased tubular reabsorp- tion of sodium (4, 5), since in the saline loaded dog when renal blood flow is decreased experi- mentally the net tubular reabsorption of sodium may increase (5).Recently, reports have appeared demonstrating that the infusion of several unrelated vasodilators [acetylcholine (6-8), dopa- mine (9), pyrogen (10), kallidin (11), and papa- verine (12)] may increase the excretion of so- dium in association with increased renal hemody- namics.The present studies were undertaken to determine 1) the extent to which local renal vaso- dilatation may increase the excretion of sodium, 2) whether such increases in sodium excretion may be due to decreased tubular reabsorption, and 3) to what extent an effect of increased blood flow on tubular reabsorption may be operative during different degrees of saline loading.The renal arterial infusion of acetylcholine re- sulted in large unilateral increases in renal plasma flow under all conditions studied.In animals not receiving a saline load increased renal plasma flow was invariably associated with increased sodium excretion that usually was not attributable to in-
Parenchymal Siderosis in Patients with Cirrhosis after Portasystemic-Shunt Surgery
Authors: William A. Tisdale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE syndrome of hemochromatosis, consisting of diffuse parenchymal siderosis, parenchymal-cell damage and fibrosis, and dysfunction of the organs so involved, has been observed in several clinical circumstances. In patients with "idiopathic" hemochromatosis the evolution of the disease complex has been attributed to unknown, perhaps genetically determined defects in iron metabolism. In others with so-called "secondary" hemochromatosis, the combination of chronic anemia, increased iron absorption and repeated blood transfusions has apparently led to excessive iron storage and tissue damage. Uncommonly, pyridoxine deficiency,1 folic acid deficiency,2 prolonged iron ingestion3 and pre-existent cirrhosis4 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the hemochromatosis syndrome. . . .
Development of a Community-Oriented Program in a Large State Hospital of Limited Resources
Authors: PAUL D. BOYLES, GRAYSON S. WALDROP
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

A geographic unit in a large state hospital began a community-oriented program without significant increases in money or personnel. This was done by the alteration of many of the traditional staff functions and concentration on a patient-centered program. Striking declines occurred in average resident population, average length of stay, and readmission rate.
Thoracoscopic enucleation of esophageal leiomyomas: a feasible and safe procedure
Authors: D. Vallböhmer, A. Hölscher, J. Brabender, E. Bollschweiler, C. Gutschow
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

In recent years, minimally invasive approaches have been introduced, providing thoracoscopic/laparoscopic techniques in the treatment of esophageal leiomyomas. We determined the technical feasibility and patient safety of thoracoscopic enucleation of esophageal leiomyomas by evaluation of 10 consecutive patients undergoing this procedure. For the surgical approach, a four-trocar access via the right pleural cavity in single-lung ventilation was chosen. All minimally invasive procedures were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery. Every tumor was completely resected without opening of the mucosa. No relevant intra- or postoperative complications were detected. These data suggest that thoracoscopic enucleation is a feasible and safe procedure for esophageal leiomyomas.