tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Long-Term Intake of cis Unsaturated Fats on the Risk for Gallstone Disease in Men
Authors: Chung-Jyi Tsai, Michael F. Leitzmann, Walter C. Willett, Edward L. Giovannucci
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats act as inhibitors of cholesterol cholelithiasis in animal experiments.To examine the association between long-term intake of cis unsaturated fats and the incidence of gallstone disease in humans.Prospective population-based cohort study.The Health Professional Follow-up Study.45,756 men, age 40 to 75 years in 1986, who were free of gallstone disease.Consumption of cis unsaturated fats was assessed starting in 1986 as part of the 131-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaires. Questionnaires were mailed to participants every 2 years. The main outcome measure was self-reported newly diagnosed symptomatic gallstone disease.During 14 years of follow-up, 2323 new cases of gallstone disease were documented. After adjustment for age and other potential risk factors, the relative risk for gallstone disease among men in the highest quintile of dietary intake of cis unsaturated fats compared with men in the lowest quintile was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.96; P for trend = 0.006). The relative risk among men in the highest quintile of polyunsaturated fat consumption compared with men in the lowest quintile was 0.84 (CI, 0.73 to 0.96; P for trend = 0.01), and the relative risk among men in the highest quintile of monounsaturated fat consumption compared with men in the lowest quintile was 0.83 (CI, 0.70 to 1.00; P for trend = 0.01).Outcomes were restricted to men with cholecystectomy or diagnostically confirmed but unremoved symptomatic gallstones.A high intake of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats in the context of an energy-balanced diet is associated with a reduced risk for gallstone disease in men. For definitions of terms used in the text, see Glossary.
The Correct Name of the Rocky Mountain Spotted-Fever Tick
Authors: Charles Wardell Stiles
Journal: JAMA (1910)

TabletsStrychnin sulphate .1/CO gr.Milk sugar, q. s.1 gr.One of these was to he taken before each meal.ICau Dnors Carbolic acid .8.12 per cent.Glycerin.26.00 per cent.Saturated solution of boric acid.71.88 per cent.The Instructions with this bottle were to put three drops of the "quid In the cur each night.Vaporizer Liquid Menthol crystals . 1.18 per cent.Camphor gum . 1.18 per »cut.Thuja oil . 0.08 per c»ni.Petrolatum .H7.nl per »cent.This was to be used as a spray foi-the nose and throat.Gakqle Bicarbonate of soda.L'.Ol per cent.Powdered borax.2.91 per cent.Carbolic add .0.28 per cent, Glycerin .B.09 per cent.Burnt sugar, sufficient to color.Water.88.81 per cent.The directions which wen! with Hits were: "Add 1 teaspoonful to 8 tahlespoonfiils of hot water.Snuff up nose.Gargle throat night
TRIPLETS TWICE IN ONE YEAR
Authors: Mark Hornstein
Journal: JAMA (1918)

A woman giving birth to triplets twice in less than one year is surely a phenomenon worthy of record. I had the fortune of attending the patient in childbirth, July 10, 1916, and again, June 30, 1917, with the same numerical result. The similarity of events as regards sex of babies, degree of prematurity and presentation contribute to render the case still more interesting. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> E. C., aged 33, decipara, who had given birth to eight children at full term, and had had one miscarriage at three months, and five of whose children were living, was born in Ireland; the husband, aged 52, was also born in Ireland. Her menstrual and previous history were irrelevant. On the evening of July 10, 1916, I was called and found the patient having moderately strong labor pains. Abdominal examination revealed no definite position, and twins were suspected. The fundus uteri rose
Thrombomodulin and induced tissue factor expression on monocytes as markers of diabetic microangiopathy: A prospective study on hemostasis and lipoproteins in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jordi L. Reverter, Joan C. Reverter, Dolors Tàssies, Ferran Rius, Joan Monteagudo, Joan Rubiés-Prat, Ginés Escolar, Antoni Ordinas, Anna Sanmartí
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Vascular complications are the main cause of morbidity in diabetes mellitus. To evaluate lipoprotein and hemostatic parameters and their relationship with clinically detectable microangiopathy, we studied 58 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients and 60 controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Thirteen patients presented clinically detectable microangiopathy (8 retinopathy and 5 both retinopathy and microalbuminuria). A cross-sectional study of lipid profile, coagulation parameters, and a flow-cytometric evaluation of tissue factor expression in normal monocytes induced by patient plasma were performed. Patients were re-evaluated for microangiopathy in a 3-year median follow-up. Patients showed triglyceride enrichment in low (P = 0.00002) and high density lipoproteins (P = 0.004) and increased levels of D-dimer (P < 0.00001), prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (P < 0.00001), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (P = 0.0001). Patients with clinically detectable microangiopathy had increased type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (P = 0.00001), thrombomodulin (P = 0.02), and induced monocyte tissue factor expression (P < 0.00001). Nine patients developed clinically detectable microangiopathy in the follow-up and the only predictive variable was increased induced tissue factor expression. In conclusion, in these patients elevated thrombin and fibrin generation reflects a hypercoagulable state but clinically detectable microangiopathy seems related to endothelial cell injury markers and to increased induced tissue factor expression on monocytes. Am. J. Hematol. 56:93–99, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Fluid resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid solutions in critically ill patients: a systematic review of randomised trials
Authors: G. Schierhout, I. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine the effect on mortality of resuscitation with colloid solutions compared with resuscitation with crystalloids. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of resuscitation with colloids compared with crystalloids for volume replacement of critically ill patients; analysis stratified according to patient type and quality of allocation concealment. <b>Subjects:</b> 37 randomised controlled trials were eligible, of which 26 unconfounded trials compared colloids with crystalloids (n=1622). (The 10 trials that compared colloid in hypertonic crystalloid with isotonic crystalloid (n=1422) and one trial that compared colloid in isotonic crystalloid with hypertonic crystalloid (n=38) are described in the longer version on our website www.bmj.com). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Mortality from all causes at end of follow up for each trial. <b>Results:</b> Resuscitation with colloids was associated with an increased absolute risk of mortality of 4% (95% confidence interval 0% to 8%), or four extra deaths for every 100 patients resuscitated. The summary effect measure shifted towards increased mortality with colloids when only trials with adequate concealment of allocation were included. There was no evidence for differences in effect among patients with different types of injury that required fluid resuscitation. <b>Conclusions:</b>This systematic review does not support the continued use of colloids for volume replacement in critically ill patients.
The insulin-like growth factor receptor I status in luminal A breast carcinoma.
Authors: A Ben Hamida, F Sircoulomb, I Beckhouche, M Chaffanet, F Bertucci, D Birnbaum, J Jacquemier
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4034 Background: The IGF-IR overexpression is reported to be detectable in 43-50% of primary breast cancers, its clinical and prognostic significance remains undetermined. Insulin growth factor type I (IGF-IR) is induced by estrogens in estrogens receptor (ER) positive cells that could explain why the IGF-IR overexpression is strongly related to ER positive breast cancer. However a small proportion of ER/PR negative cases overexpressed IGF-IR. The aim of this study was to correlate IGF-IR status by three techniques on a series of breast carcinomas : DNA microarrays ,CGH arrays and Immunohistochemistry.&amp;#x2028; Material and Methods: Immunohistochemical phenotypes were studied in a series of 72 cases of breast carcinoma (40 basal and 32 luminal A). A series of 13 Markers was also studied IGF-IR, ER, PR, AR441, bcl2, FoxA1, Ki67, Gata3, P53, EGFR, ERBB2, CAV1 and MS110(BRCA1). Gene expression profiling with DNA microarrays (Affymetrix) and 244k CGH microarray was done on the same cases.&amp;#x2028; Results: The IGF-IR expression was observed in IHC in 61% of the cases, overexpression in 25% and Gain or amplification in 7% .The IHC IGF-IR positivity was strongly correlated to the IGF-IR expression ( R=0.28 p&amp;lt;0.016) and IGF-IR DNA status (R=0.53 p= 5.610-6 ). IGF-IR over-expression in DNA microarrays is the only one results to be strongly associated to the luminal A subtype : 15/18 of the over expressed cases p=1.56 e-7. However the IHC expression of the ER related biomarkers is significantly associated to the IGF-IR overexpression.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Discussion: The IGF-IR overexpression is representative of the Luminal A subtype, and to the ER regulated gene in IHC. Exploration of a panel of IGF-IR antibody is mandated before to best evaluate this target gene in IHC, who could contribute to the hormonal response. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4034.
Neurocognitive process constraints on analogy: What changes to allow children to reason like adults?
Authors: Robert G. Morrison, Soohyun Cho
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Analogy employs a neurocognitive working-memory (WM) system to activate and bind relational representations, integrate multiple relations, and suppress distracting information. Analogy experiments exploring these processes have used a variety of methodologies including dual tasks, neuropsychology, and functional neuroimaging, as well as experiments with children and older adults. Collectively, these experiments provide a rich set of results useful in evaluating any model of analogy and its development.
Anti sense DNA down-regulates proteins kinase C-epsilon and enhances vasopressin-stimulated Na+ absorption in rabbit cortical collecting duct.
Authors: D L DeCoy, J R Snapper, M D Breyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Hormonal activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is a major signaling mechanism regulating salt and water transport in the distal nephron. We used antisense DNA to down-regulate a PKC isoform in the rabbit cortical collecting duct (CCD) and examined its role in mediating arginine vasopressin's (AVP) effect on salt transport in the CCD. Immunoblots demonstrate that PKC-epsilon (diacylglycerol sensitive) and PKC-zeta (diacylglycerol insensitive) are the major PKC isoforms in both freshly isolated and primary cultures of rabbit CCDs. Rabbit CCDs grown on semi-permeable supports, displayed a positive baseline short circuit current (Isc), which was abolished by amiloride, demonstrating active Na+ absorption. Both AVP and 8-chloro-phenylthio-cAMP (8CPTcAMP) transiently increased Isc, however, within 40 min Isc fell below baseline. Down-regulation of PKC-epsilon, as confirmed by immunoblot, was achieved either by treatment with a PKC-epsilon-specific antisense oligonucleotide or 48 h of 1 microM PMA. In PKC-epsilon down-regulated cells, 8CPTcAMP produced a sustained, rather than transient, increase in Isc. We suggest cAMP stimulates Na+ transport, but secondary activation of PKC-epsilon results in the sustained inhibition of Na+ transport seen in response to vasopressin in the CCD.
Faulty Analysis in Study of Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Dave Rosa, Catherine Mohr
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Whither the speciality boards?
Authors: C. D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1976)

UP TO NOW, no one has devised a scientific method to evaluate the quality of medical education. One reason for the origin of specialty boards in the United States was because of concern about this problem. Standards of measurement were derived for the average physician and, after examination, those judged qualified were certified. Specialty boards were established, beginning with ophthalmology, in 1917. At that time, specialty training was not as highly organized as today and anyone with an MD degree could represent himself as a specialist. Board approval was not of particular moment, nor were welltrained physicians concerned with certification for themselves, although some took the early examinations in the hope that the boards might elevate the standards of practice. During the early years, a relatively lackadaisical attitude about the effect of the boards could be afforded. But as time went on, a modicum of strain was introduced into the
Space Invaders Obsession
Authors: Donald R. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Americans are caught up in an electronic video-game "craze."<sup>1,2</sup>Of note have been recent reports of medical complications of playing Space Invaders.<sup>3,4</sup>We wish to report a psychiatric complication of this game, which we have termed<i>Space Invaders obsession</i>. <h3>Report of Case.—</h3> Three men, aged 35, 27, and 25 years, each with obsessional personality traits, reported a sharp increase in time, energy, and money devoted to playing Space Invaders in the immediate weeks before their respective marriages. Each man at least quadrupled his frequency of playing the game (up to 15 times per week), and each reported fantasizing about it before falling asleep at night. One man began taking his fiancee on "dates" to play or watch him play Space Invaders. Another of the men delayed his honeymoon excursion for an hour to "get in a few more games." The third man began to spend
Glycosylated haemoglobin in chronic renal failure.
Authors: P Dandona, D Freedman, J F Moorhead
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Pronounced diffuse interstitial inflammatory infiltrate with groups of histiocytes, some tubular degeneration, and normal glomerulus (H and E.x 28.)He remained well until he was admitted in February 1978 with a one-week history of fever, myalgia, and productive cough.After persistent questioning he admitted taking co-trimoxazole.Investigations showed blood urea concentration 18-6 mmol/l (112 mg/100 ml); serum creatinine concentra- tion 390 Mmol/l (4-25 mg/l00 ml); urine output 28 ml/h; urine osmolality 330 mosmol/kg.After biopsy peritoneal dialysis was started and methyl prednisolone 1 g given intravenously for two days and then 0 5 g for another two days.Recovery was rapid.Creatinine clearance was 70 ml/min on discharge.Two months later intravenous urography showed normal-sized kidneys and biopsy showed only a few foci of lymphocytes and mild patchy interstitial fibrosis.On each occasion immunoglobulins, complement, antistreptolysin 0 titre, DNA binding, and eosinophil count were normal.
941-18 Antiarrhythmic Effect of Long-term β-Blocker Therapy for Dilated Cardiomyopathy on Survival Rate
Authors: Hiroshi Oe, Masatake Fukunami, Masaharu Ohmori, Kazuaki Kumagai, Takahisa Yamada, Yasushi Abe, Nagahiro Nishikawa, Jiyoong Kim, Motoo Date, Noritake Hoki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Impairment of Heart Rate Recovery After Peak Exercise Predicts Poor Outcome After Pediatric Heart Transplantation
Authors: Alessandro Giardini, Matthew Fenton, Graham Derrick, Michael Burch
Journal: Circulation (2013)

A blunted heart rate recovery (HRR) from peak exercise is associated with adverse outcome in adults with ischemic heart disease. We assessed HRR after pediatric heart transplantation (HTx) and its prognostic use.Between 2004 and 2010 we performed 360 maximal exercise tests (median, 2 tests/patient; range, 1-7) in 128 children (66 men; age at test, 14 ± 3 years) who received HTx (age, 8.5 ± 5.1 years) because of cardiomyopathy (66%) or congenital heart defects (34%). The change in heart rate from peak exercise to 1 minute of recovery was measured as HRR and was expressed as Z score calculated from reference data obtained in 160 healthy children. HRR was impaired soon after HTx (average in first 2 years Z=-1.9 ± 3.5) but improved afterward (Z=+0.52/y), such that HRR Z score normalized in most patients by 6 years after HTx (average, 0.6 ± 1.8). A subsequent decline in HRR Z score was noted from 6 years after HTx (rate of Z=-0.11/y). After 27 ± 15 months from the most recent exercise test, 19 patients died or were re-heart transplantation. For the follow-up after 6 years, HRR Z score was the only predictor of death/re-heart transplantation (P=0.003). Patients in the lowest quartile of HRR Z score had a much higher 5-year event rate (event-free rate, 29% versus 84%; hazard ratio, 7.0; P=0.0013).HRR is blunted soon after HTx but normalizes at ≈ 6 years, potentially as a result of parasympathetic reinnervation of the graft, but then declines. This late decline in HRR Z score is associated with worse outcome.
A8.26 Inducible IL-10 secreting CD49b<sup>+</sup>Treg cells as cell based-therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Julie Quentin, Rita Vicente, Delphine Martire, Anne-Laure Mausset-Bonnefont, Christian Jorgensen, Pascale Louis-Plence
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is a promising approach to restore tolerance in autoimmune diseases. However based on the heterogeneity of the Tregs, we need to precisely establish which Tregs will be able to dampen efficiently the immune response in the various settings. We previously showed the potential of CD49b<sup>+</sup> Treg cells to protect and prevent an experimental model of arthritis. Nevertheless the optimal injection dose, the phenotype and the <i>in vivo</i>-suppressive mechanism of these Treg cells remain unknown. In our study, we investigated and compared the therapeutic potential of CD25<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> and induced IL10-secreting CD49b<sup>+</sup> Treg cells in an experimental model of arthritis, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> IL-10 secreting CD49b<sup>+</sup> Treg cells were generated in naïve mice following repetitive injections of immature DCs (iDCs). Treg purification was based on the negative selection of CD4 T cells isolated from spleen and liver of the iDC-vaccinated mice. Cell sorting was performed to obtain 98% pure CD49b<sup>+</sup> or CD25<sup>+</sup> Treg cells. Several doses of CD49b<sup>+</sup> were intravenously (i.v.) injected at day 28 in established CIA. Clinical signs of arthritis were scored, as well as biological parameters such as the level of anti-bCII antibodies in sera and the cytokine profile of bCII specific T cells. Phenotypes of both Treg cells were compared as well as their suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo. <h3>Results</h3> Several doses of CD49<sup>+</sup> Treg cells were tested in curative settings experiments. The dose of 10<sup>5</sup> CD49b<sup>+</sup> or CD25<sup>+</sup> cells reverse clinical symptoms of arthritis while interestingly, a lack of efficacy was observed after higher doses. <i>In vitro</i> suppressive experiments confirmed the similar efficiency of both populations and phenotype analyses of CD49b<sup>+</sup> Treg cells showed expression profile of several Treg specific markers (LAP<sup>+</sup>, LAG<sup>+</sup>, CTLA-4<sup>high</sup>). Moreover, in an OVA-specific model of inflammation, we demonstrated the high impact of the CD49b Treg cells on the proliferation of effector cells in vivo. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Altogether, our results confirm the therapeutic potential of IL-10 secreting T cells in experimental model of arthritis in curative settings and unravel their mechanism of suppression.
Vibration-induced White Finger
Authors: W. Taylor, P. L. Pelmear, P. B. James
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The hypothesis that the prognosis of cardiogenic shock patients is primarily dependent on cardiac pumping reserve was tested in a prospective study of 28 consecutive patients clinically diagnosed to be in cardiogenic shock and treated medically. Haemodynamic function was assessed by thermodilution Swan-Ganz catheters and arterial cannulas. The cardiac pumping reserve was evaluated by the response of the failing heart to graded incremental dobutamine infusion (2.5 to 40 micrograms/kg/min) after optimalising the left ventricular preload. Eleven of the patients survived for more than the one year of follow up and the rest died. Haemodynamic evaluation during the basal resting state was only able to identify unambiguously non-survivors whose cardiac function was most severely compromised. Survivors and non-survivors with higher values were indistinguishable by basal haemodynamic criteria. The response to dobutamine stimulation clearly separated the cardiac pump function of survivors and those who died. All patients with peak cardiac power output of less than 1.0 W or peak left ventricular stroke work index of less than 0.25 J/m2 died whereas all those with higher values lived for more than a year. Thus this study showed that haemodynamic evaluation of cardiac reserve can provide objective criteria for predicting outcome in individual patients with cardiogenic shock. The availability of such a prognostic indicator will be invaluable in formulating management plans for these patients.
Access before Approval — A Right to Take Experimental Drugs?
Authors: Susan Okie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with William Schultz on the right of terminally ill patients to seek experimental drugs before they're approved. (06:59)Download A surprising court decision this past May has advanced an effort to allow terminally ill people to purchase experimental drugs after initial safety testing but before they have been shown to work. A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit was considering a lawsuit by the Abigail Alliance, a patient-advocacy group, against the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Two members of the panel ruled that patients with life-threatening and otherwise untreatable diseases have a constitutional right to seek experimental treatments for which efficacy is not yet established and that the government cannot interfere unless it . . .