tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antinuclear antibody determination in a routine laboratory.
Authors: T E Feltkamp
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

Pitfalls in the method for demonstrating antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by the indirect immunofluorescence technique are described and the use of international standard preparations outlined. Determination of the optimal border dilution dividing positive from negative results is discussed. Each laboratory is a unique setting; it must define its own method, which should rarely be changed. One should not rely on copying methods from other laboratories or commercial firms, but the reproducibility of the nuclear substrate, the conjugate, and other variables should be controlled daily by the use of a control serum which has been related to the WHO standard preparation for ANA of the homogeneous type. Since many sera contain mixtures of different ANA, the results of routine tests are best expressed in titres or expressions of the intensity of fluorescence. The ANA test using the immunofluorescence technique should be used as a screening method for other tests allowing a more defined interpretation of the ANA. Each laboratory should individually determine the border between positive and negative results. Therefore about 200 sera from local healthy controls equally distributed over sex and age, and 100 sera from local patients with definite SLE should be tested. Since the local clinicians should become acquainted with this border it should rarely be changed. Finally each laboratory should participate regularly in national and international quality control rounds, where sera known to be difficult to interpret are tested. The judgment of the organisers of these rounds should stimulate improvements in the participating laboratories.
Expression of the FUS-CHOP Fusion Protein in Primary Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Gives Rise to a Model of Myxoid Liposarcoma
Authors: Nicolò Riggi, Luisa Cironi, Paolo Provero, Mario-Luca Suvà, Jean-Christophe Stehle, Karine Baumer, Louis Guillou, Ivan Stamenkovic
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract A subset of sarcomas is associated with specific chromosomal translocations that give rise to fusion genes believed to participate in transformation and oncogenesis. Identification of the primary cell environment that provides permissiveness for the oncogenic potential of these fusion genes is essential to understand sarcoma pathogenesis. We have recently shown that expression of the EWS-FLI-1 fusion protein in primary mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) suffices to develop Ewing's sarcoma-like tumors in mice. Because most sarcomas bearing unique chromosomal translocations are believed to originate from common progenitor cells, and because MPCs populate most organs, we expressed the sarcoma-associated fusion proteins FUS/TLS-CHOP, EWS-ATF1, and SYT-SSX1 in MPCs and tested the tumorigenic potential of these cells in vivo. Whereas expression of EWS-ATF1 and SYT-SSX1 failed to transform MPCs, FUS-CHOP–expressing cells formed tumors resembling human myxoid liposarcoma. Transcription profile analysis of these tumors revealed induction of transcripts known to be associated with myxoid liposarcoma and novel candidate genes, including PDGFA, whose expression was confirmed in human tumor samples. MPCFUS-CHOP and the previously described MPCEWS-FLI-1 tumors displayed distinct transcription profiles, consistent with the different target gene repertoires of their respective fusion proteins. Unexpectedly, a set of genes implicated in cell survival and adhesion displayed similar behavior in the two tumors, suggesting events that may be common to primary MPC transformation. Taken together, our observations suggest that expression of FUS-CHOP may be the initiating event in myxoid liposarcoma pathogenesis, and that MPCs may constitute one cell type from which these tumors originate. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(14): 7016-23)
The Signs and Symptoms of Bubonic, Pneumonic, and Septicaemic Plague
Authors: J. Cantlie
Journal: BMJ (1900)

UNTIL quite recently plague was termed " bubonic" in the belief that buboes were an essential factor in the characterisa- tion of the disease.It is, however, now known that the disease may run its course without either buboes or even enlarged glands appearing; and that in non-bubonic cases other signs and symptoms present themselves to which a nomenclature in accordance with the most salient feature of the illness has been applied.There are three main types of plague, the BUBONIC, the PNEUMONIC, and the SEPTICXA3MIC; and under some one of these all cases of plague can be grouped.Such terms as fulminant, itoaic, siderans, puerperal, intestinal, gastric, typhoid type, convul- .siveor nervous type, typhus type, applied to plague cases, refer either to the severiLy of the illness or to the more promi- nent symptoms which obtain.I.-BUlBONI PLAGUE.In every epidemic, since plague appeared in 1894 in Hong Kong and became pandemic, tbe bubonic variety of plague has never formed lees than 70 per cent. of the cases met with.In many outbreaks almost every case develops buboes, but in others one in every three cases is non-bubonic in character.The history of a case of plague is best considered under the headings ot exposure, incubation, invasion, eruption of buboes, deferveseence, and convalescence.E*posure and Spread.-Themost potent agent in the spread of plague is undoubtedly contact with persons suffering from the disease.Plague spreads from one member of a household to another, and from one h iuse to another, in a neighbour- hood in which it prevails, with a tenacity and persistency which indicates a "Ihouse infection."In an uncontaminated district, however, individual cases occur which may prove purely sporadic, and infection seems to depend rather upon a prolonged and intimate contact.Environment also would seem to play a prominent part; for in hospitals, doctors, nurses, and attendants escape infection in so marked a manner that the plague hospital has in many cities come to be looked upon as the locality in which infection is least likely to occur.This is, however, true of almost all infectious dieorders, for in our fever hospitals, whatever the nature of the illness, the same feature would appear to hold good; cleanliness, ventila-
VASCULAR RESPONSE OF THE SEGMENTS ADJACENT TO THE PROXIMAL AND DISTAL EDGES OF THE ABSORB EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING BIORESORBABLE VASCULAR SCAFFOLD: 6 MONTHS AND 1 YEAR FOLLOW-UP ASSESSMENT. A SERIAL INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND RADIOFREQUENCY DATA ANALYSIS FROM THE FIRST IN MAN ABSORB COHORT B TRIAL
Authors: Bill D. Gogas, Patrick W. Serruys, Vasim Farooq, Salvatore Brugaletta, Maria Radu, Jung Ho Heo, Robert Jan M. van Geuns, Evelyn Regar, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernard Chevalier, Leif Thuesen, Jacques Koolen, Stefan Windecker, Karine Miquel-Hebert, Cecile Dorange, Richard Rapoza, John Ormiston
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
1403 SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT OF COMPLETE EVR IN HCVAC PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL WHEN ADDING TG4040 THERAPEUTIC VACCINE TO PEGIFNα2A AND RIBAVIRIN
Authors: H. Wedemeyer, E. Janczewska, M. Wlodzimierz, C. Stanciu, F. Habersetzer, V. Carreno, A.M. Di Bisceglie, C. Tanasescu, R. Flisiak, M. Romero-Gomez, A. Fich, C. Zemmour, A. Fournillier, P. Zerr, D. Agathon, H. He, J.-Y. Bonnefoy, F. Inchauspe, J.-M. Limacher
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The Birth of Public Health Education
Authors: David J. Hunter, Julio Frenk
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Is There Evidence for Synergy Among Air Pollutants in Causing Health Effects?
Authors: Joe L. Mauderly, Jonathan M. Samet
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Environmental air pollutants are inhaled as complex mixtures, but the long dominant focus of monitoring and research on individual pollutants has provided modest insight into pollutant interactions that may be important to health. Trends toward managing multiple pollutants to maximize aggregate health gains place increasing value on knowing whether the effects of combinations of pollutants are greater than the sum of the effects of individual pollutants (synergy).We reviewed selected published literature to determine whether synergistic effects of combinations of pollutants on health outcomes have actually been demonstrated.We reviewed 36 laboratory studies of combinations of ozone with other pollutants that were reported in the recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ozone Criteria Document. We examined original reports to determine whether the experimental design tested for synergy and whether synergy was demonstrated. Fourteen studies demonstrated synergism, although synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects were sometimes observed among different outcomes or at different times after exposure.Synergisms involving O3 have been demonstrated by laboratory studies of humans and animals. We conclude that the plausibility of synergisms among environmental pollutants has been established, although comparisons are limited, and most involved exposure concentrations much higher than typical of environmental pollutants. Epidemiologic research has limited ability to address the issue explicitly.
Novel <i>SDHD</i> Gene Mutation (H102R) in a Patient With Metastatic Cervical Paraganglioma Effectively Treated by Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy
Authors: Thorsten D. Poeppel, Ali Yuece, Christian Boy, Klaus A. Metz, Elke Kaminsky, Hartmut P. Neumann, Sandra J. Rosenbaum, Klaus Mann, Lars C. Moeller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
INDIUM-111 LABELED WHITE BLOOD CELL (IN-WBC) IMAGING FOLLOWING POROUS COATED HIP ARTHROPLASTY (PCHA)
Authors: S G Oswald, D Van Nostrand, J J Callaghan, C G Savory, S H Abreu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Twenty-five uncomplicated PCHA in 21 patients were prospectively studied with serial In-WBC at approximately 7 days, and 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively. In-WBC activity at the tip was evaluated for intensity (grade O = background, 1+ < iliac crest, 2+ = iliac crest, 3+ > iliac crest), change over time, pattern, and congruence with three phase bone scan (TPBS). TPBS is reported separately. Intensity of activity was “O” in 6/25 PCHA (0/34 scans), “I+” in 18/25 PCHA (55/107 scans), “2+” in 5/25 PCHA (15/107 scans), “3+” in 2/25 PCHA (2/107 scans). The latter two PCHA were 3+ at 7 days only. In regard to change of activity from 6 to 24 months, 16/25 PCHA had stable or decreasing activity, 3/25 PCHA had an increase of one grade, and no PCHA had an increase of activity of more than one grade. The pattern of activity was focal in 19/25 PCHA (72/141 scans), and diffuse linear activity extending distally from the tip (DLT) was present in 9/25 PCHA (40/141 scans). Comparison of In-WBC images with TPBS showed no congruence of intensity or configuration of activity. In conclusion, this study presents the spectrum of findings at the prosthetic tip on In-WBC imaging in uncomplicated PCHA. Based on these findings the following recommendations are proposed: if 3+ activity is present at or after 3 months or activity increases by more than one grade after 6 months, then one should evaluate further for complications. Focal and DLT uptake does not necessarily imply complication. Further study is needed regarding utility of congruence with TPBS.
Bone Density and the Risk of Fractures
Authors: Louise S. Acheson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer of the pancreas.
Authors: I. A. Bouchier
Journal: BMJ (1968)

The prevalence of pancreatic cancer is difficult to determme because of the considerable problems in making a clinical diagnosis and the frequency with which it is confused with cancer of the common bile duct. Cancer of the pancreas accounts for about 0.5 % of all hospital admissions and between I % and 2% of malignant tumours found at necropsy. The disease is twice as common in males, and the incidence reaches its maximum in patients over the age of 60 years. The cause of pancreatic cancer is unknown.
Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial of Clofazimine in Reactive Phases of Leprotamous Leprosy
Authors: A. B. A. Karat, A. Jeevaratnam, S. Karat, P. S. S. Rao
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A double-blind controlled trial in 24 lepromatous leprosy patients in reaction showed that clofazimine (Lamprene) controlled symptoms of erythema nodosum leprosum reaction in lepromatous leprosy better than prednisolone. Clofazimine also appeared to be significantly superior in preventing recurrence once the reaction had been controlled. There was a statistically significant rise in serum albumin among inpatients on clofazimine as compared with patients on prednisolone, but no difference in terms of neurological status, bacterial index, morphological index, and renal functions. Red/black hyperpigmentation was seen among practically all patients on clofazimine. No other side-effects or deleterious systemic effects were observed.
Attacks on doctors rise as rules of conduct in conflict zones are abandoned
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Modern conflicts are placing healthcare and healthcare workers in unprecedented danger, as the rules of humanitarian conduct are abandoned and attacks on doctors, nurses, and hospitals multiply, a conference in London heard this week.

Between the middle of 2008 and the end of 2010 the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) catalogued more than 600 attacks on healthcare facilities and workers—but, bleak as the figures are, they underestimate the full scale of the problem, which as well as costing many lives undermines and weakens healthcare systems in some of the world’s most needy countries.

The one day meeting—“sounding an alarm and calling for action,” in the words of Geoff Loane, the ICRC’s head of mission in London—was organised by the ICRC, the British Red Cross, the World Medical Association, and the British Medical Association and brought together more than 100 experts. 

Nobody questioned the scale of the problem, though several speakers called for better documentation. Andy Haines of the London School …
Because My Head Hurts
Authors: Barbara Crooker
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CpG Sites Associated with Cigarette Smoking: Analysis of Epigenome-Wide Data from the Sister Study
Authors: Sophia Harlid, Zongli Xu, Vijayalakshmi Panduri, Dale P. Sandler, Jack A. Taylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Smoking increases the risk of many diseases, and it is also linked to blood DNA methylation changes that may be important in disease etiology.We sought to identify novel CpG sites associated with cigarette smoking.We used two epigenome-wide data sets from the Sister Study to identify and confirm CpG sites associated with smoking. One included 908 women with methylation measurements at 27,578 CpG sites using the HumanMethylation27 BeadChip; the other included 200 women with methylation measurements for 473,844 CpG sites using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Significant CpGs from the second data set that were not included in the 27K assay were validated by pyrosequencing in a subset of 476 samples from the first data set.Our study successfully confirmed smoking associations for 9 previously established CpGs and identified 2 potentially novel CpGs: cg26764244 in GNG12 (p = 9.0 × 10-10) and cg22335340 in PTPN6 (p = 2.9 × 10-05). We also found strong evidence of an association between smoking status and cg02657160 in CPOX (p = 7.3 × 10-7), which has not been previously reported. All 12 CpGs were undermethylated in current smokers and showed an increasing percentage of methylation in former and never-smokers.We identified 2 potentially novel smoking related CpG sites, and provided independent replication of 10 previously reported CpGs sites related to smoking, one of which is situated in the gene CPOX. The corresponding enzyme is involved in heme biosynthesis, and smoking is known to increase heme production. Our study extends the evidence base for smoking-related changes in DNA methylation.
Nail Pigmentation Changes Associated with Azidothymidine (Zidovudine)
Authors: PRISCILLA A. FURTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Azidothymidine (now zidovudine; Retrovir, Burroughs Wellcome Company, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) is an agent that appears to be efficacious in the treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in patients with a history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (1). Information on the type and frequency of side effects with this agent, however, is limited (2, 3). We noted progressive pigmentation of all ten fingernails in two black patients after they had received azidothymidine orally at a dose of 200 mg every 4 hours for 2 to 6 weeks. Neither patient was receiving any other drug. A 36-year-old black woman with a history of P. carinii pneumonia after infection with human immunodeficiency virus began receiving azidothymidine in oral doses of 200 mg every 4 hours according to the Burroughs Wellcome Azidothymidine Treatment Investigational New Drug Protocol. Six weeks later the patient went to an emergency room for evaluation of "cyanosis" after having noted a darkened bluish appearance at the bases of all ten fingernails. Arterial blood gas pressures were within normal limits. A follow-up examination confirmed a 3-mm transverse discoloration of all ten fingernails that progressed distally as azidothymidine therapy was continued. She
Pravastatin prevents clinical events in revascularized patients with average cholesterol concentrations
Authors: Greg C. Flaker, J.Wayne Warnica, Frank M. Sacks, Lemuel A. Moyé, Barry R. Davis, Jean L. Rouleau, Richard R. Webel, Marc A. Pfeffer, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Tolerance Induction in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Using Non-myeloablative Hematopoietic Gene Therapy With Autoantigen
Authors: Herena Eixarch, Carmen Espejo, Alba Gómez, María José Mansilla, Mireia Castillo, Alexander Mildner, Francisco Vidal, Ramón Gimeno, Marco Prinz, Xavier Montalban, Jordi Barquinero
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) constitutes a paradigm of antigen (Ag)-specific T cell driven autoimmune diseases. In this study, we transferred bone marrow cells (BMCs) expressing an autoantigen (autoAg), the peptide 40-55 of the myelin oligodendrocytic glycoprotein (MOG(40-55)), to induce preventive and therapeutic immune tolerance in a murine EAE model. Transfer of BMC expressing MOG(40-55) (IiMOG-BMC) into partially myeloablated mice resulted in molecular chimerism and in robust protection from the experimental disease. In addition, in mice with established EAE, transfer of transduced BMC with or without partial myeloablation reduced the clinical and histopathological severity of the disease. In these experiments, improvement was observed even in the absence of engraftment of the transduced hematopoietic cells, probably rejected due to the previous immunization with the autoAg. Splenocytes from mice transplanted with IiMOG-BMC produced significantly higher amounts of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-10 upon autoAg challenge than those of control animals, suggesting the participation of regulatory cells. Altogether, these results suggest that different tolerogenic mechanisms may be mediating the preventive and the therapeutic effects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a cell therapy using BMC expressing an autoAg can induce Ag-specific tolerance and ameliorate established EAE even in a nonmyeloablative setting.