tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Sensitizes Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines to Paclitaxel and Cisplatin
Authors: Andrea Rasola, Sergio Anguissola, Norma Ferrero, Daniela Gramaglia, Antonella Maffe, Piera Maggiora, Paolo M. Comoglio, M. Flavia Di Renzo
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, encoded by the MET oncogene, is expressed in ∼70% of human ovarian carcinomas and overexpressed in 30% of cases. Because HGF is known to protect cells from apoptosis, we investigated whether receptor expression modifies ovarian cancer cell response to chemotherapy. The apoptotic effect of the front-line chemotherapeutic drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin on cells treated with HGF was studied. In ovarian cancer cell lines, pretreatment with HGF surprisingly enhances the apoptotic response to low doses of paclitaxel and cisplatin. HGF empowers specifically the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, whereas it protects cells from extrinsic Fas-induced apoptosis. Chemotherapy sensitization is specific for HGF because another growth factor (e.g., epidermal growth factor) increases ovarian cancer cell survival. In nonovarian cancer cell models, as expected, HGF provides protection from drug-induced apoptosis. These data show that HGF sensitizes ovarian carcinoma cells to low-dose chemotherapeutic agents. This suggests that HGF may be used to improve response to chemotherapy in a set of human ovarian carcinomas molecularly classified based on the MET oncogene expression.
Plication of the Vena Cava By Automatic Stapling
Authors: Richard D. Sautter
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  Automatic stapling for plication of the inferior vena cava was first advocated by Sensenig.1The technique is attractive because it is more rapid and seemingly more precise. In a follow-up report in April 1970, Sensenig reported on 25 experimental animals observed for one year.2The channels had enlarged and the efficacy of the plication was lost; therefore he no longer advocated the use of this instrument for vena caval plication. Our experience with one patient would tend to confirm his recommendation. The patient's vena cava was completely patent five months following plication with the use of an automatic stapler.  Report of a Case.—  The patient once had a bleeding gastric ulcer. More recently, he had had at least two episodes of recurrent thrombophlebitis within four months, with onset of pain on the left side of the chest, hemoptysis, and dyspnea, for which our diagnosis was
Changing Physicians' Behavior
Authors: Lee Goldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Medical research has traditionally been driven by a search for the truth, whether it relates to the fundamental biologic basis of health and disease or to the use of such knowledge to improve diagnosis and therapy. There has been an implicit expectation that new information will be disseminated. If the new information is spread effectively, physicians and patients should be better educated, change their attitudes and beliefs appropriately, and alter their behavior.In some situations, this pathway leading from the dissemination of new information to a change in behavior has worked with remarkable dispatch. For example, in 1973 the Journal . . .
Delayed Hypersensitivity in Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: MARC D. COHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 May 1972Delayed Hypersensitivity in Lupus ErythematosusMARC D. COHENMARC D. COHENSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-834_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I wish to correct a statement made by Dr. Morris Ziff in his recent article, "Viruses and Connective Tissue Diseases" (1). In his review of the literature on delayed hypersensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus, he stated that "Goldman and colleagues observed normal skin test responses to PPD and to Candida. . . ." In reviewing their abstract (2) I find no mention of tests of their patients with PPD. I call attention to this seemingly minor oversight by Dr. Ziff only because an interesting finding is emerging from the current literature—namely, that patients with lupus erythematosus are...References1. ZIFF M: Viruses and connective tissue diseases. Ann Intern Med 75:951-958, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GOLDMAN J, ADAMS L, and KRUEGER R: Cellular immunity to nuclear antigens in systemic lupus erythematosis. Arthritis Rheum 14:163-164, 1971 Google Scholar3. BLOCK S, GIBBS C, and STEVENS M: Delayed hypersensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am Rheum Dis 27:311-318, 1968 CrossrefGoogle Scholar1. ABE T and HOMMA M: Immunological reactivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Acta Rheumatol Scand 17:35-46, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BLOCK S, GIBBS C, and STEVENS M: Delayed hypersensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 27:311-318, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BITTER T, BITTER F, and SILBERSCHMIDT R: In vivo and in vitro study of cell-mediated immunity during the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 14:152-153, 1971 Google Scholar4. GOLDMAN J, ADAMS L, and KRUEGER R: Cellular immunity to nuclear antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 14:163-164, 1971 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARC D. COHENAffiliations: State University of N.Y. Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLupus erythematosus 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 834-834KeywordsCandidaConnective tissue diseasesHypersensitivityLupus erythematosusPatientsSkin testsTuberculin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Ligand-dependent activation of ER lowers blood pressure and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: V. Jazbutyte, P. A. Arias-Loza, K. Hu, J. Widder, V. Govindaraj, C. von Poser-Klein, J. Bauersachs, K.-H. Fritzemeier, C. Hegele-Hartung, L. Neyses, G. Ertl, T. Pelzer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

The biological effects of oestrogens are mediated by two different oestrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERalpha and ERbeta, which might play different, redundant, or opposing roles in cardiovascular disease. Previously, we have shown that the selective ERalpha agonist 16alpha-LE2 improves vascular relaxation, attenuates cardiac hypertrophy, and increases cardiac output without lowering elevated blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Because ERbeta-deficient mice exhibit elevated blood pressure and since the ERbeta agonist 8beta-VE2 attenuated hypertension in aldosterone-salt-treated rats, we have now tested the hypothesis that the isotype-selective ERbeta agonist 8beta-VE2 might be capable of lowering elevated blood pressure in ovariectomized SHR.Treatment of ovariectomized SHR with 8beta-VE2 for 12 weeks conferred no uterotrophic effects but lowered elevated systolic blood pressure (-38 +/- 5 mmHg, n = 31, P < 0.001 vs. placebo) as well as peripheral vascular resistance (-31.3 +/- 4.6%, P < 0.001 vs. placebo). 8beta-VE2 enhanced aortic ERbeta expression (+75.7 +/- 7.1%, P < 0.01 vs. placebo), improved NO-dependent vasorelaxation, augmented phosphorylation of the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein in isolated aortic rings (P < 0.05 vs. placebo), increased cardiac output (+20.4 +/- 2.5%, P < 0.01 vs. placebo), and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy (-22.2 +/- 3.2%, p < 0.01 vs. placebo). 8beta-VE2, in contrast to oestradiol, did not enhance cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain expression.Ligand-dependent activation of ERbeta confers blood pressure lowering effects in SHR that are superior to those of 17beta-estradiol or the ERalpha agonist 16alpha-LE2 and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy primarily by a reduction of cardiac afterload without promoting uterine growth.
AREVA: Multicenter Randomized Comparison of Low-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Anticoagulation in Patients With Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves
Authors: Jean Acar, Bernard Iung, Jean Pierre Boissel, Michel Meyer Samama, Pierre Louis Michel, Jean Paul Teppe, Jean Claude Pony, Herve´ Le Breton, Daniel Thomas, Richard Isnard, Guy de Gevigney, Emmanuelle Viguier, Ali Sfihi, Guy Hanania, Mohamed Ghannem, Ali Mirode, Chantal Nemoz
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Moderate anticoagulation may be proposed to reduce the risk of hemorrhage for certain patients with a mechanical prosthesis, but the consequences for risk of thromboembolism are debated. Methods and Results The purpose of the AREVA trial was to compare moderate oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio [INR] of 2.0 to 3.0) with the usual regimen (INR of 3.0 to 4.5) after a single-valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis, either Omnicarbon or St Jude. Patients included were between 18 and 75 years old, in sinus rhythm, and with a left atrial diameter ≤50 mm on the time-motion echocardiogram. Patients were randomized for INR after surgery. From 1991 to 1994, 433 patients underwent valve replacement (aortic, 414; mitral, 19) with 353 St Jude and 80 Omnicarbon prostheses; 380 patients were randomized for INR: 188 for INR 2.0 to 3.0 and 192 for INR 3.0 to 4.5. Mean follow-up was 2.2 years (1 to 4 years). Analysis of 18 001 INR samples showed that the mean of the median of INR was 2.74±0.35 in the 2.0 to 3.0 group and 3.21±0.33 in the 3.0 to 4.5 group ( P &lt;.0001). Thromboembolic events, as assessed from clinical data and CT brain scans, occurred in 10 patients in the 2.0 to 3.0 INR group and 9 patients in the 3.0 to 4.5 INR group ( P =.78). Hemorrhagic events occurred in 34 patients in the 2.0 to 3.0 INR group and 56 patients in the 3.0 to 4.5 INR group ( P &lt;.01), with 13 and 19 major hemorrhagic events, respectively ( P =.29). Conclusions In selected patients with mechanical prostheses, moderate anticoagulation prevents thromboembolic events as effectively as conventional anticoagulation and reduces the incidence of hemorrhagic events.
Antigen coupled with Lewis-x trisaccharides elicits potent immune responses in mice
Authors: Shih-Chang Hsu, Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Hirokazu Kawasaki, Chien-Ho Chen, Beverly Plunkett, Reiko T. Lee, Yuan C. Lee, Shau-Ku Huang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of a new orally effective antiarrhythmic, tocainide.
Authors: R A Winkle, P J Meffin, J W Fitzgerald, D C Harrison
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Tocainide, a new oral antiarrhythmic agent, was studied in man in a short-term protocol designed to evaluate the efficacy, kinetics, and toxicity of this compound. Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were suppressed by less than 70% in 11 of 15 patients compared with pre-drug placebo controls. For these 11 responders, there was an average PVC reduction of 91% +/- 10 (range 70 to 100%) at tocainide doses not associated with side effects. Mild transient central nervous system toxicity was observed in some patients near the time of peak concentrations during the highest dose administered. The drug was found to have linear kinetics over the dose range studied and a plasma half-life of 13.5 +/- 2 hours. Plasma concentration-response curves indicate antiarrhythmic activity over all plasma concentrations, with 70% PVC reduction above 6.0 mug/ml. This study suggests that tocainide is a safe and effective antiarrhythmic agent during short-term administration and is worthy of further clinical trials.
Clinical relevance of circulating monocyte‐endothelial cell adhesive interaction markers in advanced heart failure
Authors: John Parissis, Stamatis Adamopoulos, Koula Venetsanou, Maria Kalantzi, Dimitrios Mentzikof, Maria Georgopoulou, Spilios Karas, Dimitrios Kremastinos
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Pyrexia is a new thermal transient receptor potential channel endowing tolerance to high temperatures in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Youngseok Lee, Yong Lee, Jaejung Lee, Sunhoe Bang, Seogang Hyun, Jongkyun Kang, Sung-Tae Hong, Eunkyung Bae, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Jaeseob Kim
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Myeloid IKKβ Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Modulating CCL11 and the Innate Immune Response
Authors: Jinming Yang, Oriana E. Hawkins, Whitney Barham, Pavlo Gilchuk, Mark Boothby, Gregory D. Ayers, Sebastian Joyce, Michael Karin, Fiona E. Yull, Ann Richmond
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Myeloid cells are capable of promoting or eradicating tumor cells and the nodal functions that contribute to their different roles are still obscure. Here, we show that mice with myeloid-specific genetic loss of the NF-κB pathway regulatory kinase IKKβ exhibit more rapid growth of cutaneous and lung melanoma tumors. In a BRAFV600E/PTEN−/− allograft model, IKKβ loss in macrophages reduced recruitment of myeloid cells into the tumor, lowered expression of MHC class II molecules, and enhanced production of the chemokine CCL11, thereby negatively regulating dendritic-cell maturation. Elevated serum and tissue levels of CCL11 mediated suppression of dendritic-cell differentiation/maturation within the tumor microenvironment, skewing it toward a Th2 immune response and impairing CD8+ T cell–mediated tumor cell lysis. Depleting macrophages or CD8+ T cells in mice with wild-type IKKβ myeloid cells enhanced tumor growth, where the myeloid cell response was used to mediate antitumor immunity against melanoma tumors (with less dependency on a CD8+ T-cell response). In contrast, myeloid cells deficient in IKKβ were compromised in tumor cell lysis, based on their reduced ability to phagocytize and digest tumor cells. Thus, mice with continuous IKKβ signaling in myeloid-lineage cells (IKKβCA) exhibited enhanced antitumor immunity and reduced melanoma outgrowth. Collectively, our results illuminate new mechanisms through which NF-κB signaling in myeloid cells promotes innate tumor surveillance. Cancer Res; 74(24); 7274–84. ©2014 AACR.
Lung function decline in COPD trials
Authors: O. N. Keene, B. Celli, J. A. Anderson, G. T. Ferguson, C. R. Jenkins, P. W. Jones, J. Vestbo, K. Knobil, J. C. Yates, P. M. A. Calverley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

To the Editors: 

In his recent editorial, Suissa 1 has again expressed criticism of the TORCH (Toward a Revolution in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Health) trial 2. The focus this time is the analysis of rate of decline in lung function 3, and in particular he questions whether the reduction in rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) observed with the active treatments (salmeterol, fluticasone or the combination of both treatments) compared with placebo is due to “regression to the mean” caused by missing data.

Missing data for lung function and exacerbations are unfortunately inevitable in any long-term trial in COPD. Suissa 1 states that “… measurements were missing so that the pure intent-to-treat analysis was not possible”. Such a “pure intent-to-treat” analysis of lung function or exacerbation data is not possible for any long-term COPD trial, as this would require complete data.

In fact, the quantity of missing data for lung function in TORCH is similar to the UPLIFT (Understanding Potential Long-term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium) 4 and OPTIMAL 5 trials quoted in the article by Suissa 1. In TORCH, 4,857 (79%) patients provided lung function data at 48 weeks, OPTIMAL had complete 1-yr lung function data for 322 (72%) patients and, …
Advance Medical Directives
Authors: David Orentlicher
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-Term Outcome of Renal Transplantation from Older Donors
Authors: Giuseppe Remuzzi, Paolo Cravedi, Annalisa Perna, Borislav D. Dimitrov, Marta Turturro, Giuseppe Locatelli, Paolo Rigotti, Nicola Baldan, Marco Beatini, Umberto Valente, Mario Scalamogna, Piero Ruggenenti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Long-term survival of kidney grafts from older donors is inferior to that of grafts from younger donors. We sought to determine whether selecting older kidneys according to their histologic characteristics before implantation would positively influence long-term outcome.
Association between an MHC Class II Allele and Clearance of Hepatitis B Virus in the Gambia
Authors: Mark R. Thursz, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Catherine E.M. Allsopp, Brian M. Greenwood, Howard C. Thomas, Adrian V.S. Hill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection does not appear to be determined by variations in viral virulence and may be influenced by the host immune response. We studied the distribution of human leukocyte antigens in children and adult men in the Gambia who spontaneously recovered from HBV infection as compared with the distribution of these antigens in subjects with persistent infection.In a two-stage, case-control study, we analyzed the frequency of MHC class I antigens and class II haplotypes in people with either transient or persistent HBV infection. MHC class I typing was performed by microlymphocytotoxicity assays. MHC class II typing was performed with analysis of restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), supplemented by other techniques.In the first stage (the study of children up to the age of 10 years), the RFLP pattern 25-1, which includes the class II allele HLA-DRB1*1302, was found in 58 of 218 subjects with transient HBV infection (26.6 percent) and 30 of 185 subjects with persistent infection (16.2 percent) (relative risk of carrying the 25-1 pattern in the persistently infected group as compared with the transiently infected group, 0.53; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.32 to 0.90; P = 0.012). In the second stage (the study of adults), HLA-DRB1*1302 was found in 50 of 195 subjects with transient HBV infection (25.6 percent) and in 3 of 40 subjects with persistent infection (7.5 percent) (relative risk, 0.24; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.80; P = 0.012). The RFLP pattern 13-2, which includes the class II allele DRB1*1301, was less frequent in children with persistent infection than in those with transient infection, an association that was neither confirmed nor excluded by the data on adults. Possible associations with HLA class I antigens found in children were not supported by the data on adults.The MHC class II allele DRB1*1302 was associated with protection against persistent HBV infection among both children and adults in the Gambia.
A lesson relearnt
Authors: Vasandhara Mahendrayogam
Journal: BMJ (2008)

At medical school, the importance of introducing yourself to the patient was continually emphasised. The first box on any OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) mark sheet was devoted to this simple, but fundamental tenet of being a doctor. For a “clear pass,” one had to state one’s name and role and clarify the patient’s preferred form of address. 

These were easy marks to be had, so I learnt a spiel by rote: “Hello Mr/Ms ……, my name is …., I’m a medical student, would it be alright if I examined you?” I must have repeated this, or some variation thereof, …
Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kurt Lange
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Moore et al (1980;244:63) demonstrates again in their single case of advanced renal failure in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) the important fact that the renal lesions are almost always amenable to steroid therapy when the immunologic data are made the exclusive guideposts of therapy. We had stressed this fact in 1965<sup>1</sup>based at that time on 15 cases. In the meantime, we have treated 104 patients with SLE of which 76 have been followed up for an average of 10.2 years. Therapy is guided by the frequently repeated complement determinations (50% complement hemolysis [CH<sub>50</sub>]), recently combined with DNA-binding tests, adjusting the steroid dose dogmatically until these guideposts become normal or close to normal. This is then followed by intermittent steroid maintenance treatment. We have had a mortality from SLE of 4%, while the mortality among those patients who withdrew from the immunologically
Screening for Breast Cancer: What Should National Health Policy Be?
Authors: Thomas C. Chalmers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Screening for Breast Cancer: What Should National Health Policy Be? Get access Thomas C. Chalmers Thomas C. Chalmers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 20, 20 October 1993, Pages 1619–1621, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.20.1619 Published: 20 October 1993 Article history Received: 17 August 1993 Accepted: 17 August 1993 Published: 20 October 1993
Autoreactive T cell responses show proinflammatory polarization in diabetes but a regulatory phenotype in health
Authors: Sefina Arif, Timothy I. Tree, Thomas P. Astill, Jennifer M. Tremble, Amanda J. Bishop, Colin M. Dayan, Bart O. Roep, Mark Peakman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

According to the quality of response they mediate, autoreactive T cells recognizing islet β cell peptides could represent both disease effectors in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and directors of tolerance in nondiabetic individuals or those undergoing preventative immunotherapy. A combination of the rarity of these cells, inadequate technology, and poorly defined epitopes, however, has hampered examination of this paradigm. We have identified a panel of naturally processed islet epitopes by direct elution from APCs bearing HLA-DR4. Employing these epitopes in a sensitive, novel cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay, we show that the quality of autoreactive T cells in patients with T1DM exhibits extreme polarization toward a proinflammatory Th1 phenotype. Furthermore, we demonstrate that rather than being unresponsive, the majority of nondiabetic, HLA-matched control subjects also manifest a response against islet peptides, but one that shows extreme T regulatory cell (Treg, IL-10–secreting) bias. We conclude that development of T1DM depends on the balance of autoreactive Th1 and Treg cells, which may be open to favorable manipulation by immune intervention.