tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lipoptosis
Authors: Tina Pohle, Stephanie Brändlein, Nele Ruoff, Hans Konrad Müller-Hermelink, H. Peter Vollmers
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract A balanced lipid metabolism is crucial for all cells. Disturbance of this homeostasis by nonphysiological intracellular accumulation of fatty acids can result in apoptosis. This was proven in animal studies and was correlated to some human diseases, like lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Some metabolic mechanisms of lipo-apoptosis were described, and some causes were discussed, but reagents, which directly induce lipo-apoptosis, have thus far not been identified. The human monoclonal IgM antibody SAM-6 was isolated from a stomach cancer patient by using the conventional human hybridoma technology (trioma technique). The addition of SAM-6 to tumor cells leads to an increase in the intracellular accumulation of neutral lipids, followed by tumor cell apoptosis. The antibody SAM-6 does not react with noncancerous human epithelial and fibroblastic cells, because the Mr 140,000 membrane molecule, recognized by the antibody, is specifically expressed on human malignant cells. The antibody is coded by the germ-line genes IgHV3-30.3*01 and IgLV3-1*01 and is a component of the innate immunity to cancer. In this article, we describe an antibody-induced tumor-specific cell death, named lipoptosis. This is, to our knowledge, the first description of this specific form of lipo-apoptosis as an antibody-mediated mechanism of tumor cell killing.
[434] MICROSOMAL TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN (MTP) GENE POLYMORPHISM AND LIPID METABOLISM IN HCV-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: S. Mirandola, M. Marcolongo, S. Realdon, F. Stickel, C. Datz, E. Aigner, F. Noventa, F. Dal Pero, L. Franceschini, G. Bortoletto, M. Gerotto, A. Albert
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Primary Care for Older People
Authors: Paramjit S Gill
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

During the past century the UK has experienced a major demographic shift as people have lived longer. The proportion of the population over 60 is now 20%. By 2025 the number of people over 80 will increase by almost half and the number over 90 will double. These changes will have profound implications for provision of health and social care, particularly at primary care level, the site of most healthcare. Already 40% of the National Health Service budget and 50% of the social care and social services budget is spent on the over-65s. This is the background against which Steve Iliffe and Vari Drennan, experienced in general practice and community nursing, respectively, review the subject. They take us from the establishment of the NHS in 1948, through various organizational changes, to the current state with the advent of primary care groups. Although they make clear that this is not a textbook of geriatric medicine, they touch on the important causes of morbidity, mortality and disability in this age group. Where possible the authors base the text on their personal research. For example, Iliffe highlights the 75-and-over screening programme on which he did seminal work in the 1990s. The discussions are well referenced and have an international perspective. But I do have some criticisms. More could have been said about the implications of demographic change in different ethnic groups—especially since there is a widespread, and false, assumption that elderly people from minority groups will have supportive extended families. Also, the authors could have said more about the housing needs for long-term care of the elderly. But in general I recommend this latest addition to the Oxford General Practice Series.
Prevention of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Tiotropium
Authors: Alec B. O'Connor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters17 January 2006Prevention of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with TiotropiumAlec B. O'Connor, MDAlec B. O'Connor, MDFrom the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-2-200601170-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Niewoehner and colleagues'report (1) is concerning because it does not satisfy either of the 2 basic moral considerations that govern the ethics of clinical trial design (2).The first consideration dictates that the research must strive to answer clinically important questions by using scientifically valid methods. Inhaled ipratropium can be considered a standard of care for patients with moderate to severe COPD; as evidence, this treatment had been prescribed for most patients in the tiotropium trial and most were actively taking ipratropium at the time they enrolled in the trial. As such, the trial does not answer ...References1. Niewoehner DE, Rice K, Cote C, Paulson D, Cooper JA, Korducki L, et al. Prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with tiotropium, a once-daily inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:317-26. [PMID: 16144890] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Miller FG, Silverman HJ. The ethical relevance of the standard of care in the design of clinical trials. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169:562-4. [PMID: 14701713] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Alec B. O'Connor, MDAffiliations: From the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPrevention of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Tiotropium, a Once-Daily Inhaled Anticholinergic Bronchodilator Dennis E. Niewoehner , Kathryn Rice , Claudia Cote , Daniel Paulson , J. Allen D. Cooper Jr. , Larry Korducki , Cara Cassino , and Steven Kesten Prevention of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Tiotropium Dennis E. Niewoehner , Kathryn Rice , and Stephen Kesten Prevention of Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Tiotropium Chester B. Good and Lisa Longo Metrics Cited byTiotropium in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 17 January 2006Volume 144, Issue 2Page: 148KeywordsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseClinical trialsConflicts of interestPatientsSafety ePublished: 17 January 2006 Issue Published: 17 January 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Objective assessment of cough
Authors: P Piirila, AR Sovijarvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Cough is a primitive reflex typically consisting of an initiating deep inspiration, glottal closure, and an explosive expiration accompanied by a sound. The flow characteristics of cough have been shown to differ between different pulmonary diseases. Cough sounds are generated at the larynx and in the lungs. Modern analysing techniques have also been applied in cough sound studies, and differences in cough sound duration and spectra have been found in pulmonary diseases with different bronchopulmonary pathophysiology. Since the objective assessment of cough is clinically important, automatic cough detectors and counters have been constructed, e.g. to assess the efficacy of antitussive drugs. Also, ambulatory methods for assessment of cough have been reported. This review includes a brief history of cough research and present methods available for objective assessment of cough.
Physician Responsibility for the Cost of Unnecessary Medical Services
Authors: John M. Eisenberg, Arnold J. Rosoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Abstract Most diagnostic and therapeutic services are ordered by physicians, but physicians practicing under fee-for-service conditions have few incentives to contain the costs of medical care. Without such incentives, effective cost control through mechanisms such as Professional Standards Review Organizations have been disappointing. Several legal approaches might be used to increase physicians' responsibility for the cost of unnecessary services — expansion of tort law, implied contract, redesign of insurance mechanisms, equitable estoppel and informed consent. However, increasing physician responsibility will require uniform but flexible definitions of medical necessity, reliable means for predetermining the need for services and effective penalties or incentives. We propose a peer-review system that would incorporate the sharing of financial risk among physician, hospital, insurer and patient in the fee-for-service sector. (N Engl J Med 299:76–80, 1978)
Lung cancer in never-smokers
Authors: David Planchard, Benjamin Besse
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The therapeutic landscape of lung cancer has evolved tremendously over the past 10 years with the discovery of oncogenic drivers constitutively activated by mutation, translocation or fusion. An activating EGFR mutation or ALK rearrangement is present in around 15% of Caucasian patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with targeted therapy constituting the basis of upfront treatment for these patients. Additional potential drivers in NSCLC patients have been found in adenocarcinomas, including mutations in KRAS, BRAF, HER2, and fusions involving the RET, and ROS oncogenes. Many of these molecular abnormalities are found more frequently in never-smokers, relaunching a clinical interest in this patient population. Approximately 25% of all lung cancers are not attributable to tobacco, and the proportion of never-smokers with lung cancer has been increasing over time [1]. Lung cancer in never-smokers is thus regarded as a distinct disease entity with a variable tumorigenic pattern, clinicopathology, and natural history. Two major issues are addressed in the head-to-head papers of the Biocast prospective study: the first describes data on risk factors for NSCLC in never-smokers, and the second concerns the molecular profile of NSCLC in never-smokers. New studies suggest that passive smoking alone is insufficient to determine a somatic profile in lung cancer <http://ow.ly/KJe99>
Aqueductal Stenosis and Hydrocephalus after Mumps Encephalitis
Authors: G. Dean Timmons, Kenneth P. Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

STENOSIS of the aqueduct of Sylvius is a common cause of human hydrocephalus, occurring most often in infancy but also in childhood and in adult life. In a small proportion of cases, aqueductal narrowing occurs in a genetically determined pattern1 or complicates purulent meningitis and neoplastic disease. In most cases, however, the etiology of the stenosis cannot be determined.Recently, in rodents experimentally infected with human myxoviruses aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus were found to develop as delayed sequelae of the acute viral infection.2 Furthermore, by the time these abnormalities became apparent, there was no longer any evidence of infection.3 The . . .
Antiarrhythmic efficacy by a class III agent with and without betablockade in chronic atrial fibrillation — a double-blind randomized comparison of DI-sotalol, D-sotalol and placebo
Authors: Nils Edvardsson, Heikki Huikuri, Göran Kennebäck, Alphons Timmermans, Bengt Ullman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
PET Scans and Technology Assessment
Authors: Thomas C. Chalmers
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The appearance in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>of both a report of the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Panel of the Council on Scientific Affairs of the American Medical Association<sup>1</sup>and four letters<sup>2</sup>criticizing an evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations and an accompanying editorial published in June<sup>3,4</sup>has prompted this editorial on proposed standards for the early evaluation of new technology. Although the randomized control trial has been recognized for 40 years as the standard for evaluation of new therapies, scientific techniques of assessing diagnostic tests are relatively recent. There are classic articles on the subject,<sup>5-11</sup>and it is well covered in two recent books.<sup>12,13</sup> It is of note that the protesting letter writers are all radiologists, as are most of the pioneers in developing the techniques of evaluation that the letters criticize. Technological advances of the last 20 years have presented physicians and
The Prognostic Value of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Charlene D. Fell, Lyrica Xiaohong Liu, Caroline Motika, Ella A. Kazerooni, Barry H. Gross, William D. Travis, Thomas V. Colby, Susan Murray, Galen B. Toews, Fernando J. Martinez, Kevin R. Flaherty
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive dyspnea, impaired gas exchange, and ultimate mortality.To test the hypothesis that maximal oxygen uptake during cardiopulmonary exercise testing at baseline and with short-term longitudinal measures would predict mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Data from 117 patients with IPF and longitudinal cardiopulmonary exercise tests were examined retrospectively. Survival was calculated from the date of the first cardiopulmonary exercise test.Patients with baseline maximal oxygen uptake less than 8.3 ml/kg/min had an increased risk of death (n = 8; hazard ratio, 3.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-9.56; P = 0.03) after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, baseline forced vital capacity, and baseline diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide. We were unable to define a unit change in maximal oxygen uptake that predicted survival in our cohort.We conclude that a threshold maximal oxygen uptake of 8.3 ml/kg/min during cardiopulmonary exercise testing at baseline adds prognostic information for patients with IPF.
The mystery of the milky effusion
Authors: Rajnish Duara
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A 59 year old man was admitted to our cardiac surgical intensive care unit after a third operation on the mitral and aortic valves. His previous operations had been six months before. All three surgeries were done via a median sternotomy, and the left pleural space was never opened during the operations.

The postoperative recovery was initially uneventful. The day after surgery the patient was extubated, and the chest drains removed. The next day, however, we noticed a reduced air entry in the left lower zone of the chest, and a chest x ray showed some haziness in the left lower zone, consistent with a collection of fluid in the left pleural space. …
Cell line OCI/AML3 bears exon-12 NPM gene mutation-A and cytoplasmic expression of nucleophosmin
Authors: H Quentmeier, M P Martelli, W G Dirks, N Bolli, A Liso, R A F MacLeod, I Nicoletti, R Mannucci, A Pucciarini, B Bigerna, M F Martelli, C Mecucci, H G Drexler, B Falini
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
NOTE ON THE FAMILY HISTORY IN A CASE OF EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA HEREDITARIA
Authors: F. PARKES WEBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1928)

Journal Article NOTE ON THE FAMILY HISTORY IN A CASE OF EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA HEREDITARIA Get access F. PARKES WEBER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. F. PARKES WEBER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 40, Issue 7, 1 July 1928, Pages 295–296, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1928.tb12120.x Published: 01 July 1928
Mislocalization of SLP-76 leads to aberrant inflammatory cytokine and autoantibody production
Authors: Gregory F. Sonnenberg, Paul R. Mangan, Natalie A. Bezman, Debora R. Sekiguchi, Eline T. Luning Prak, Jan Erikson, Jonathan S. Maltzman, Martha S. Jordan, Gary A. Koretzky
Journal: Blood (2009)
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding as an Unusual Presentation of a Duodenal Carcinoid
Authors: E. Gencsi, E. Lux, B. Kaduk, W. Roedl, H. Schmidt, Ch. Gebhardt, G. Lux
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Carcinoid tumors may develop in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. They constitute 1.5 % of all gastrointestinal tumors (1).
EXTRAUTERINE PREGNANCY WITH ATYPICAL SYMPTOMS.
Authors: WALTER B. DORSETT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

A diligent search of the literature fails to reveal the record of many cases of extrauterine pregnancy in which anything aside from what may be termed typical symptoms were presented. The object of this paper, therefore, is to call attention to the fact that our knowledge of its symptomatology is by no means complete, also that it is a malady of more frequent occurrence than we are in the habit of assuming. According to Hirst, the proportion of cases of extrauterine to normal pregnancy is about 1 to 500, and he gives that of Winkel to be 16 to 22,000 births, and of Bandl 3 to 60,000. While not giving his own experience, he states that he has operated 59 times with three deaths; 13 of these cases were operated on by him in nine months. The subject of diagnosis as dealt with by most writers would
What are the symptoms of varicose veins? Edinburgh vein study cross sectional population survey
Authors: A. Bradbury, C. Evans, P. Allan, A. Lee, C V. Ruckley, F G R Fowkes
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To define the relations between age, sex, lower limb symptoms, and the presence of trunk varicose veins on clinical examination. <b>Design</b>: Cross sectional population study. <b>Setting</b>: 12 general practices with catchment areas geographically and socioeconomically distributed throughout Edinburgh. <b>Participants</b>: An age stratified random sample of 1566 people (699 men and 867 women) aged 18-64 selected from the computerised age-sex registers of participating practices. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Self administered questionnaire on the presence of lower limb symptoms and physical examination to determine the presence and severity of varicose veins. <b>Results</b>: Women were significantly more likely than men to report lower limb symptoms such as heaviness or tension, swelling, aching, restless legs, cramps, and itching. The prevalence of symptoms tended to increase with age in both sexes. In men, only itching was significantly related to the presence and severity of trunk varices (linear test for trend, P=0.011). In women there was a significant relation between trunk varices and the symptoms of heaviness or tension (P 0.001), aching (P 0.001), and itching (P 0.005). However, the level of agreement between the presence of symptoms and trunk varices was too low to be of clinical value, especially in men. <b>Conclusions</b>: Even in the presence of trunk varices, most lower limb symptoms probably have a non-venous cause. Surgical extirpation of trunk varices is unlikely to ameliorate such symptoms in most patients.
Aspirin Resistance
Authors: Jorge Rouvier, Alejandra Scazziota, Raúl Altman
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Aspirin ResistanceTo the Editor:Aspirin resistance is a poorly defined term and could involve the clinical inability of aspirin to protect individuals from arterial thrombotic events or laboratory methods indicating the failure of aspirin to inhibit platelet activity, mainly platelet aggregation.Indeed, resistance to aspirin may be associated with an increase of arterial thrombotic events in spite of chronic aspirin intake.Possible mechanisms of aspirin resistance were summarized by Cambria-Kiely and Gandhi, 1 with Eikelboom et al 2 contributing an additional observation.These authors believe that failure of suppression of thromboxane generation defines aspirin resistance.This hypothesis is based on a direct association between the urinary rise of a metabolite of thromboxane, the 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 levels, and the increment of vascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death).In 1988, 3 through ex vivo aggregation experiments with platelet-rich plasma from volunteers taking aspirin, we showed that the inhibitory effect of aspirin on platelet aggregation induced by sodium arachidonate was overcome by the synergistic activity of a pair of agonists (sodium arachidonate and platelet activating factor, or ADP or collagen).We have employed a mixed agonist system in an attempt to better reflect the multiple stimuli that platelets encounter during in vivo activation.In these conditions, a normal platelet aggregation pattern was obtained although thromboxane levels measured in the stimulated platelet-rich plasma was Ͻ5% in all platelet aspirinated samples.Our study suggested that there is no correlation between platelet function and thromboxane level and that aspirin would not prevent an agonist potentiation effect when low doses or a daily high dose (500 mg) were administered.This fact could explain the erratic results obtained when this drug was used for antithrombotic therapy even if ex vivo inhibition of platelet aggregation was obtained.Thus, although a low concentration of thromboxane or its urinary metabolites were measured, aspirin could fail to prevent arterial thrombosis because several agonists acting conjointly in the site of endothelial injury will overcome aspirin inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation.
Cohabiting with domestic mites.
Authors: O Linna
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Cohabiting with domestic mitesDr IH Feather and colleagues have reviewed the central role of house dust mites in the aetiology of allergic asthma (January 1993;43:5-9).In my personal series of 744 consecutive asthmatic children aged 5-15 years compiled over the years 1985-91, positive skin prick test reactions to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (ALK, Copenhagen) were nevertheless found in only 180 subjects (24%) and more often among those from rural domiciles, large families, cramped dwellings, and blue collar social classes (table ).The mite population in homes is depen- dent on the supply of food-that is, human skin scales-and air humidity.Since there is generally no shortage of the former it is the humidity that is the decisive factor for mite survival.In many regions the circumstances are ideal for mite growth, and bedrooms in particular are universally infested with mites.In Scandinavia, however, the relative humidity indoors is low during the long cold season from September to May when the houses are heated continuously, and conditions are therefore unsuitable for mites.Modern energy saving with heat insulation and poor ventilation have caused a change in the traditional indoor climate and a rapid rise in mite concentrations and hypersensitivity to mites has resulted in Stockholm,l2 but in northern Scandinavia (for example, Finland) hypersensitivity to mites still remains more or less a social problem.Crowded living conditions pro- vide a food supply for mites and an addi- tional water vapour load which together provide conditions suitable for mite sur- vival.In view of the limited efficiency of acaricides and vacuum cleaning, I agree with the opinion that the mite problem can- not be solved without a change of housing conditions in general.
Out of the Shadows — MRI and the Nobel Prize
Authors: John Gore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Cross-sectional imaging of the body has such an important role in the diagnosis of disease and the care of patients today that it is easy to overlook how recently the technology was developed and integrated into clinical practice. This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Paul Lauterbur (University of Illinois, Urbana) and Sir Peter Mansfield (University of Nottingham, United Kingdom) for their invention of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) barely 30 years ago. It is a reminder of how far and how quickly the radiologic sciences have advanced (see Figure).The advent of x-ray computed tomography . . .