tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Presence in Sputum of Functional Dust Mite–Specific IgE Antibodies in Intrinsic Asthma
Authors: Jonathan Mouthuy, Bruno Detry, Carine Sohy, Françoise Pirson, Charles Pilette
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Intrinsic asthma was described by Rackemann as asthma without allergy. Local IgE production has been documented in intrinsic asthma, but antigen specificity of this response remains elusive.We investigated (1) the presence of dust mite-specific IgE in sputum of patients with intrinsic asthma, (2) their clinical/immunological relevance, and (3) their functionality.Specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and to recombinant major allergens (rDer p1 and rDer p2) were assayed by ELISA in sputum samples from patients with intrinsic versus atopic asthma and control subjects. Whole-lung challenge was performed with Der p for clinical and inflammatory readouts. Functionality of local IgE to trigger effector cells was assessed using basophil activation test (surface expression of CD203c).Both total IgE and Der p-specific IgE levels are increased in patients with intrinsic asthma compared with healthy nonatopic patients. However, no immediate asthmatic responses were observed in patients with intrinsic asthma after Der p exposure. These sputum Der p-specific IgE do, however, recognize major allergens Der p1 and Der p2 and are able to trigger activation of blood basophils from atopic donors.We confirm that IgE production occurs in intrinsic asthma and show that part of this IgE recognizes Der p antigens. However, this IgE reactivity does not translate into clinical responses to Der p exposure, despite specificity to major allergens and functionality to activate effector cells in vitro. We postulate that a second signal that promotes IgE-mediated asthmatic responses through FcεRI is lacking in intrinsic asthma.
Mechanisms of Membrane-Receptor Regulation
Authors: Franklin H. Epstein, Robert J. Lefkowitz, Marc G. Caron, Gary L. Stiles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Mechanisms of Disease from The New England Journal of Medicine — Mechanisms of Membrane-Receptor Regulation — Biochemical, Physiological, and Clinical Insights Derived from Studies of the Adrenergic Receptors
JOHN RITTER SYNDROME &amp;ndash; ACUTE TYPE A DISSECTION CAUSING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRY OF ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION (IRAD)
Authors: Lindsay Hagan, Kevin Greason, Artur Evangelista Masip, Daniel Montgomery, Patrick O&apos;Gara, Mark Peterson, Gilbert Upchurch, Toru Suzuki, Stuart Hutchison, Eva Kline-Rogers, Nicole Corriveau, Thomas Gleason, Christoph Nienaber, Eric Isselbacher, Kim Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Marked Tumor Response and Fatal Hemoptysis During Radiation for Lung Cancer in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patient Taking Nelfinavir
Authors: Christopher H. Chapman, John Shen, Edith J. Filion, Phuoc T. Tran, Wendy Hara, Alfredo Asuncion, Daniel Marko, Heather Wakelee, Gerald J. Berry, Kevin W. Dimmick, Billy W. Loo, Jon Green
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
A two-step adhesion cascade for T cell/endothelial cell interactions under flow conditions.
Authors: D A Jones, L V McIntire, C W Smith, L J Picker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells (ECs) under conditions of flow occurs in successive steps, including selectin-dependent primary adhesion and CD18-dependent secondary adhesion. We used a parallel-plate flow chamber to assess the steps in T cell adherence in vitro. On monolayers of L cells transfected with the EC adhesion molecules E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), or intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin was capable of mediating only primary adhesion, ICAM-1 was capable of mediating only secondary adhesion, and VCAM-1 was capable of mediating both primary and secondary adhesion. Studies using human umbilical vein EC monolayers stimulated for 24 h with IL-1 also revealed distinct primary and secondary steps in T cell adhesion under flow, and the secondary adhesion was inhibited > 90% by blocking both VCAM-1/alpha 4 beta 1 integrin and ICAM-1/CD18 integrin pathways. However, the primary adhesion under conditions of flow could not be attributed to any of the mechanisms known to support adhesion of leukocytes to ECs. Alone, this pathway was shown to mediate T cell rolling and was a necessary prerequisite for engagement of the two integrin pathways in this system. Thus, T cell adherence to 24-h IL-1-stimulated human umbilical vein ECs at venular wall shear stresses involves at least two successive steps, with clear molecular distinctions from the mechanisms accounting for neutrophil/EC adhesion.
Foundation trusts' regulator set rules on private income that were too lax, says judge
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The UK’s largest public service union, Unison, has won a High Court victory that will restrict the extent to which NHS foundation trusts can involve themselves in private health care.

Mr Justice Cranston has ruled at the High Court in London that Monitor, the independent regulator of foundation trusts, adopted too narrow a definition of “income derived from private charges” in fixing the cap on the proportion of income that trusts could make from private sources.

In what he described as “a fiercely contested dispute about the future direction of the National Health Service,” the judge said the issue was the extent to which NHS foundation trusts were able to …
APF/CBP, the small, amphipathic, anionic protein(s) in bile and gallstones, consists of lipid-binding and calcium-binding forms
Authors: H Lafont, N Domingo, A Groen, E W Kaler, S P Lee, R Koehler, J D Ostrow, A Veis
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Two very similar small anionic, amphipathic proteins, a phospholipid-binding apoprotein (anionic polypeptide fraction [APF]) and a calcium-binding polypeptide (CBP), are found abundantly in bile and all types of gallstones. The often disparate properties among various preparations of APF/CBP could reflect different sources and separation procedures, leading to partly degraded and/or denatured protein and varied association of bile salts, lipids, bile pigments, and detergents. The present study presents new methods for isolation and purification of APF/CBP, and characterizes the preparations thus obtained. It was found that isolation by selective precipitation of proteins from fresh T-tube bile by added calcium chloride, followed by demineralization with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), removal of salts, lipids, and some pigment by Sephadex LH-20, and serial ultrafiltration yields the purest preparations. Though free of lipids, bile salts, detergents, and most pigments, these new preparations all show the same 7-kd and 12-kd bands on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the same major peaks on hydrophobic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and retain the self-associative, lipid- and calcium-binding functions, typical of older preparations obtained by potentially denaturative procedures. The varied properties among APF/CBP preparations are thus apparently related mainly to their content of different proportions of two major components, lipid-binding APF and calcium-binding CBP. Immunologic cross-reactions indicate common epitopes, and amino acid analyses are also similar, suggesting that APF and CBP may have the same polypeptide backbone, but differ because of posttranslational modification(s). Sufficiently pure APF and CBP have now been obtained to permit possible structural identification by sequencing and molecular biological techniques, though such attempts have thus far been unsuccessful.
The Non-rheumatic Use of Latex Fixation Tests.
Authors: H. I. Caplan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Non-rheumatic Use of Latex Fixation Tests.H. I. Caplan, M.D.H. I. Caplan, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-686_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe application of the serologic tests used in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis to other non-rheumatic clinical situations is described in this report. A simple, rapid, inexpensive test in which finger-tip blood as well as serum can be used—the eosin slide latex fixation test of Singer and Plotz—was used in this study.Demonstration of positive tests in all patients with acute viral hepatitis and in about 80% of patients with active hepatic cirrhosis suggests that it may be a useful indicator of active inflammatory hepatocellular disease. It may be applied both to the detection and follow-up of such patients. Serial... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Mass. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 686-687KeywordsCirrhosisHematologic testsHepatitis ALatexPatientsRheumatoid arthritisViral diseases Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...
An evaluation of unabsorbable markers in the study of fat absorption
Authors: H. S. Wiggins, A. M. Dawson
Journal: Gut (1961)

The validity of using water-soluble unabsorbable markers in the study of fat absorption was investigated. Nine subjects were fed a finely emulsified test meal containing carbohydrate, protein, fat, and the water-soluble unabsorbable markers, polyethylene glycol, and/or phenol red. The ratio of fat to marker in recovered gastric contents was significantly different from that in the test meal. This was due to the dissociation of the meal into two phases, a solid phase rich in fat and poor in marker and a liquid phase poor in fat and rich in marker. The liquid was preferentially emptied from the stomach and also more readily sampled by a small bore tube. When this artifact is disregarded samples obtained from the proximal small intestine would erroneously indicate an extensive and rapid absorption of fat in the duodenum and proximal jejunum.
Oncostatin-M stimulates tyrosine protein phosphorylation in parallel with the activation of p42MAPK/ERK-2 in Kaposi's cells. Evidence that this pathway is important in Kaposi cell growth.
Authors: M C Amaral, S Miles, G Kumar, A E Nel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Oncostatin-M (OSM) is a potent mitogen for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) cells. We studied signaling by the OSM receptor in three AIDS-related KS lines and show induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of 145-, 120-, 85-, and 42-kD substrates. The 42-kD substrate was identified as p42MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), also known as ERK-2. This serine/threonine kinase relays mitogenic signals from receptor tyrosine protein kinases (TPKs) or receptor-associated TPKs to transcriptional activators. The OSM dose dependence for MAP kinase activation and induction of KS cell growth were almost identical, suggesting functional linkage. MAP kinase activation was dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation, and both OSM-induced MAP kinase activity and KS cell growth could be suppressed by TPK inhibitors, genistein and geldanomycin. OSM also stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of similar substrates and MAP kinase activity in human vein endothelial cells. While it has been proposed that the OSM receptor may include the gp130 subunit of the IL-6 receptor and alpha-chain of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor, neither LIF nor r.IL-6 induced tyrosine protein phosphorylation or p42MAPK activation in KS cells. However, r.IL-6 did stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation and p42MAPK activity in the human B cell line, AF-10, while OSM and LIF exerted no effects. Our results indicate that, although the OSM and IL-6 receptors share a common signaling pathway, this pathway is selectively activated by OSM in Kaposi's cells.
Metformin Improves Glucose, Lipid Metabolism, and Reduces Blood Pressure in Hypertensive, Obese Women
Authors: Dario Giugliano, Nicoletta De Rosa, Giosuè Di Maro, Raffaele Marfella, Rita Acampora, Raffaello Buoninconti, Felice D'Onofrio
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of metformin on blood pressure, left ventricular mass, and some metabolic and endocrine parameters in nondiabetic, obese, hypertensive women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twelve obese, nondiabetic, hypertensive women received 850 mg metformin 2 times/day for 12 wk and placebo for another 12 wk, according to a double-blind, cross-over, randomized design. All patients were hospitalized 4 times, i.e., before randomization and after each treatment (metformin or placebo), to conduct metabolic and cardiovascular investigations (oral glucose tolerance test, euglycemic clamp associated with indirect calorimetry, and echocardiography). RESULTS Fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting and glucose-stimulated insulin, blood pressure and left ventricular mass, cholesterol, triglycerides, and fibrinogen decreased significantly after metformin treatment, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased. The improvement in glucose metabolism resulted from increased sensitivity to insulin. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that metformin treatment in obese, nondiabetic, hypertensive women produces a more favorable cardiovascular risk profile.
Urinary Incontinence Associated With Metoclopramide
Authors: B. B. Kumar
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A 55-year-old man received 10 mg of metoclopramide orally on several occasions for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux, since this drug has been reported to increase the resting tone of the lower esophageal sphincter. For several hours after administration of this drug, he complained of dribbling of urine. The patient made an uneventful recovery after stoppage of this drug treatment. The patient was not taking any other drugs at this time. Urinary incontinence caused by metoclopramide is not mentioned in the manufacturer's literature. Metoclopramide may relax the urethral sphincter resulting in urinary incontinence in some patients.
Diffuse Collagen Disease
Authors: Jacob Churg
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The March 23-30, 1984, issue ofThe Journalcarries the reprint of the article on diffuse collagen disease by Klemperer et al<sup>1</sup>originally published in<i>JAMA</i>in 1942 as well as a pertinent and pithy commentary by George E. Ehrlich.<sup>2</sup> It occurred to me that your readers may be interested in a bit of medical history as it pertains to the development of the concept of collagen diseases. Although new scientific insights sometimes appear to be the result of sudden inspiration, more often they are gained by hard work, testing of hypotheses, and following many leads before a valid idea emerges and is confirmed. I was privileged to serve at the Mount Sinai Hospital as a trainee and as a member of the staff during the period when Klemperer, Baehr, Schifrin, and Pollack were struggling to understand the nature of several mysterious disorders, among them
Rates of nuclear and cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence in mammals
Authors: J. V. Lopez, M. Culver, J. C. Stephens, W. E. Johnson, S. J. O'Brien
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

Differential rates of nucleotide substitution among different gene segments and between distinct evolutionary lineages is well documented among mitochondrial genes and is likely a consequence of locus-specific selective constraints that delimit mutational divergence over evolutionary time. We compared sequence variation of 18 homologous loci (15 coding genes and 3 parts of the control region) among 10 mammalian mitochondrial DNA genomes which allowed us to describe different mitochondrial evolutionary patterns and to produce an estimation of the relative order of gene divergence. The relative rates of divergence of mitochondrial DNA genes in the family Felidae were estimated by comparing their divergence from homologous counterpart genes included in nuclear mitochondrial DNA (Numt, pronounced "new might"), a genomic fossil that represents an ancient transfer of 7.9 kb of mitochondrial DNA to the nuclear genome of an ancestral species of the domestic cat (Felis catus). Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial (mtDNA) sequences with multiple outgroup species were conducted to date the ancestral node common to the Numt and the cytoplasmic (Cymt) mtDNA genes and to calibrate the rate of sequence divergence of mitochondrial genes relative to nuclear homologous counterparts. By setting the fastest substitution rate as strictly mutational, an empirical "selective retardation index" is computed to quantify the sum of all constraints, selective and otherwise, that limit sequence divergence of mitochondrial gene sequences over time.
Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging
Authors: Nancy J. Stiles
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 April 2004Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and AgingNancy J. Stiles, MDNancy J. Stiles, MDFrom University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-8-200404200-00043 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Bales CW, Ritchie CS, eds. 698 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr, 2003. $145.00. ISBN 1588290557. Order phone 973-256-1699.Field of medicine: Geriatrics and nutrition.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Geriatricians and nutritionists. Many chapters focus on specific organ systems or diseases and will interest relevant medical subspecialists. The practical clinical interventions provided for common geriatric nutritional problems make this a useful resource for primary care physicians.Purpose: To provide essential information on geriatric nutrition and review the relevant nutritional aspects of geriatric syndromes and specific clinical topics.Content: This text is divided into 4 sections. The first 2 sections discuss trends ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 8Page: 676KeywordsAgingEpidemiologyEtiologyGeriatric careGeriatricsNutritionPrimary care physiciansSoftware toolsSub-specialty careSystemic diseases ePublished: 20 April 2004 Issue Published: 20 April 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 attenuate the myogenic response of dog renal arcuate arteries.
Authors: K Kauser, J E Clark, B S Masters, P R Ortiz de Montellano, Y H Ma, D R Harder, R J Roman
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The role of cytochrome P-450 in the myogenic response of isolated, perfused renal arcuate arteries of dogs to elevations in transmural pressure was examined. The phospholipase A2 inhibitor oleyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (1 and 10 microM) inhibited the greater than threefold increase in active wall tension in these arteries after an elevation in perfusion pressure from 80 to 160 mm Hg. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity with indomethacin (1 or 10 microM) had no effect on this response. The cytochrome P-450 inhibitors ketoconazole (10 and 100 microM) and beta-diethyl-aminoethyldiphenylpropylacetate (SKF 525A, 10 and 100 microM) also inhibited the myogenic response. At a pressure of 160 mm Hg, SKF 525A (10 microM) and ketoconazole (100 microM) reduced active wall tension in renal arteries by approximately 70%. Partial inhibition of the myogenic response was obtained after perfusion of the vessels with mechanism-based inhibitors of P-450, 1-aminobenzotriazole (75 microM) and 12-hydroxy-16-heptadecynoic acid (20 microM). The thromboxane receptor antagonist SQ 29,548 (1 or 10 microM) had no effect on the pressure-induced increase in active wall tension in renal arteries. Arachidonic acid (50 microM) constricted isolated perfused renal arteries and potentiated the myogenic response in the presence of indomethacin. This response was completely reversed by ketoconazole (100 microM) or SKF 525A (100 microM). Microsomes (1 mg/ml) prepared from small renal arteries (200-500 microns) and incubated with [1-14C]arachidonic acid (0.5 mu Ci, 50 microM) produced a metabolite that coeluted with 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) during reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The formation of this product was inhibited by both ketoconazole and SKF 525A at concentrations of 10 and 100 microM. These results are consistent with the involvement of the vasoconstrictor 20-HETE and other cytochrome P-450 metabolites of endogenous fatty acids in the myogenic response.
Snake Venom Poisoning in the United States
Authors: Findlay E. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1975)

SNAKE venom poisoning is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention and the exercise of considerable judgment. Approximately 45,000 snakebites occur each year in the United States, of which almost 8,000 are inflicted by venomous snakes, and about 6,800 of these are reported.<sup>1,2</sup>During the past five years, the number of deaths from snake venom poisoning in this country has not exceeded 12 each year. Approximately 20% of all bites by venomous snakes in the United States show no evidence of envenomation; that is, the offending reptile bites but does not inject venom or ejects it onto the skin during a superficial strike. This percentage is even higher with elapids (cobras and corals, among others), and there is no doubt that many of the "cures" described in the literature<sup>3</sup>can be ascribed to the fact that no envenomation took place during the biting. Thus, it is important that the
Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg–like cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia represent the outgrowth of single germinal-center B-cell–derived clones: potential precursors of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease
Authors: Holger Kanzler, Ralf Küppers, Sabine Helmes, Hans-Heinrich Wacker, Andreas Chott, Martin-Leo Hansmann, Klaus Rajewsky
Journal: Blood (2000)
Disseminated gonococcal infection in an elderly patient.
Authors: I Rua Figueroa, E Loza Cortina, S Gonzalez Suarez, C E Arruabarrena, J L Pena Sagredo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

A protein profile disclosed no abnormalities except for mild hypoalbuminaemia (30 g/W).Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigens and hepatitis B core antigens were positive.A test for hepatitis surface B antigen was negative.Complement C3 and C4 were normal.Immunoglobulin A was 5 g/l (normal <3-75).Tests for IgG and IgM, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, the Veneral Disease Research Laboratory test, tests for thyroid hormones and somatotropin were all normal or negative, as were HLA-B27 and serological assays for Brucella, Salmonella, Yersinia entero- colitica, and Chiamydia spp.Roentgenograms of the chest showed imagesofconsolidation andmultiplecavitations in the superior lobe of the right lung, com- patible with necrotising pneumonitis.Intra- dermoreaction with tuberculin 2U was positive.Microbiological examination of samples of sputum showed Gram positive cocci.Sputum and blood cultures were negative, and repeated searches found no mycobacteria in the sputum.Thereafter, percutaneous needle aspiration of the lung was performed.Cultures of the samples in anaerobic media were positive for microaerophilic Gram positive cocci and Bacteroides melaninogenicus.Cultures of stools were positive for Candida albicans.Upper gastrointestinal fibre endo- scopyconfirmed thepresenceofintensecandida oesophagitis and hiatal hernia.