tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS
Authors: Ajai A. Dandekar, Stanley Perlman
Journal: Nature reviews. Immunology (2005)

At the end of 2002, the first cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were reported, and in the following year, SARS resulted in considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. SARS is caused by a novel species of coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and is the most severe coronavirus-mediated human disease that has been described so far. On the basis of similarities with other coronavirus infections, SARS might, in part, be immune mediated. As discussed in this Review, studies of animals that are infected with other coronaviruses indicate that excessive and sometimes dysregulated responses by macrophages and other pro-inflammatory cells might be particularly important in the pathogenesis of disease that is caused by infection with these viruses. It is hoped that lessons from such studies will help us to understand more about the pathogenesis of SARS in humans and to prevent or control outbreaks of SARS in the future.
Abstract 5584: DNA vaccine encoding prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) elicits long-term T-cell responses in patients with recurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Jordan T. Becker, Laura E. Johnson, Douglas G. McNeel
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is a tumor antigen in prostate cancer, and several clinical trials have used this as a tissue-specific target for anti-tumor vaccines. Ultimately the goal of anti-tumor vaccines is to elicit a sustainable immune response able to eradicate a tumor or at least restrain its growth. We have investigated plasmid DNA vaccines encoding PAP and have previously reported the results of a phase I trial in which 22 patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (clinical stage D0) were immunized six times at biweekly intervals using a DNA vaccine encoding PAP (pTVG-HP). In previous reports we identified that PAP-specific T-cells were elicited, including PAP-specific cytolytic T cells, two weeks following the six immunizations. In the current study we investigated the immunological efficacy of subsequent booster immunizations in two individuals, and conducted more detailed immunological analysis by IFNγ ELISPOT and T cell proliferation, with cells obtained prior to immunization, after every two immunizations, and quarterly for one year following immunization. These studies were conducted to determine when immune responses were elicited, and whether these responses were durable over time, to guide the schedule of vaccine administration to be used in future clinical trials with this particular DNA vaccine. We found that the majority of immune responses elicited with vaccination were only detectable after four to six immunizations. In addition, PAP-specific T-cell responses did persist in several individuals for many months, or were detectable only after several months. Finally, we identified that immune responses previously elicited could be further amplified by subsequent booster immunizations months later. These results suggest that future trials using this DNA vaccine, and potentially other anti-tumor DNA vaccines, should investigate ongoing, rather than limited, schedules of administration with periodic booster immunizations. Moreover, these results suggest that DNA vaccines targeting PAP could potentially be combined with other vaccine strategies targeting this particular antigen to augment PAP-specific T-cell immunity. A pilot trial to evaluate different schedules of DNA vaccine administration for the establishment of persistent PAP-specific memory T cells is currently underway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5584.
Two More Cell Infusions on Schedule for Gene Replacement Therapy Patient
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

EIGHT MONTHS after beginning treatment, the first patient to be given gene replacement therapy is making what researchers consider to be significant progress. The patient is a 4-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. She is being treated at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md. The NIH research group plans to perform two more cell infusions on this patient. At that point, says Michael Blaese, MD: "We will make a detailed study of other indicators of T-cell reconstitution and immune function. We haven't progressed as rapidly as we would have liked, but nevertheless, I am delighted at the way things are going." <h3>Gene Being Expressed</h3> At this point, there is evidence that the ADA gene that corrects for the deficiency is being successfully inserted into the patient's lymphocytes, albeit at a very low rate (between 3% and 8%). Laboratory findings indicate that the gene is being expressed; ADA
Carcinogens in the Workplace
Authors: D. Schottenfeld, J. F. Haas
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1979)

When international age-adjusted cancer incidence rates first became available in the early 1960's, patterns prevalent in the low risk countries of Africa and Asia were compared by Higginsonâ€•2 with those pre vailing in the United States' white popula tion or in the western European countries.The total incidence of cancer in a hypo thetical population at minimal risk was calculated by summating the lowest age adjusted rate for each site from the most appropriate country.Ugandans, Nige rians, and the South African blacks, for example, were at lowest risk for cancers of the lung, stomach, large intestine, cor pus uteri and kidney.The Singapore regis try recorded the lowest rates for cancers of the pancreas, urinary bladder and breast.Conversely, the rate for primary hepato
Assessment of sensitization to holm oak (<i>Quercus ilex</i>) pollen in the Mérida area (Spain)
Authors: M. Prados, R. Aragon, M. I. Carranco, A. Martinez, J. Martinez
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Sensitization to Quercus ilex (holm oak) was studied in 760 patients with clinically suspected sensitization to aeroallergens. Prick tests with commercial extracts of Q. ilex proved positive in 27 patients; none were monosensitive. Nasal and conjunctival provocation tests and specific IgE (RAST) performed with Q. ilex extracts in these patients were negative in all but one patient, who exhibited specific IgE titer (by RAST) of 7 PRU/ml (class 3). We conclude that Q. ilex pollen, though obtained in considerable quantities by our collector, does not cause allergies in our area.
Mast Cell Phenotype, Location, and Activation in Severe Asthma
Authors: Silvana Balzar, Merritt L. Fajt, Suzy A. A. Comhair, Serpil C. Erzurum, Eugene Bleecker, William W. Busse, Mario Castro, Benjamin Gaston, Elliot Israel, Lawrence B. Schwartz, Douglas Curran-Everett, Charity G. Moore, Sally E. Wenzel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Severe asthma (SA) remains poorly understood. Mast cells (MC) are implicated in asthma pathogenesis, but it remains unknown how their phenotype, location, and activation relate to asthma severity.
Endoscopic Band Ligation for Treatment of Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: C. Tseng, S. Burke, P. Connors, R. Green, D. L. Carr-Locke
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

An endoscopic band ligation method was successful in achieving hemostasis in two patients who had severe coagulopathy and profuse gastrointestinal bleeding from a visible vessel in the stomach. Bleeding was not controlled by multiple epinephrine injections or BICAP electrocoagulation. The technique of band ligation was easy to perform and may provide an alternative treatment for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in selected cases.
The Electrocardiogram and Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Pierre M. Nizet
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The electrocardiogram can play a significant role in suggesting or supporting the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. In common with most other lesions, pericardial effusion leaves no pathognomonic imprint on the tracing but produces three signs that are highly suggestive: low voltage, ST-segment elevation, and electrical alternans. Electrical alternans, especially if it involves all complexes ("total alternation"), is most diagnostic<sup>1-3</sup>; and the combination of these signs as a triad offers strong evidence of a substantial accumulation of exudative fluid in the pericardial sac. <h3>Low Voltage.—</h3> Generalized low voltage of all waves (Figure, top) results from the short-circuiting action of the fluid and is the most constant sign of pericardial effusion. It is generally due to the accumulation of fluid alone, since in most cases it disappears after tapping or spontaneous clearing of the effusion. When low voltage fails to disappear after pericardiocentesis, it may be due to the insulating action
Points from Letters: Dental Anaesthetic Fees
Authors: M. E. Samrah
Journal: BMJ (1966)

here-which incidentally is shared by the *B.B.C.-that intelligent people stop up until midnight every night of the week.Surely 11 p.m. would be an average time for retirement, and many would agree that to be called just afterwards was as bad as being woken later on in the night.Incidentally, why is no notice taken of the times a doctor is called out of bed into his surgery in the early hours ?Above all, if sufficiently paid over- all, do we require anything more to induce us to get up at night, or anything to induce the patients to wait until after midnight to call us ?Our representatives certainly should not have agreed to debarring us from payment for ancillary help by our wives.There are numerous instances where wives are doing work of amount and quality that a secretary could not possibly tackle, even where one could be found to attempt it.Obviously there should be an onus upon the doctor to establish the amount of ancillary help he actually gets in N.H.S. work from anyone on his payroll; but it's simply not anybody's business what his relationship with the girl is out of hours.Surely if he is married to her, so much the better.No recognition of the work of some doctors' wives in a payment that was made equally to all doctors could possibly be reasonable or just.-Iam, etc.,
Our Varying Ability to Predict the Outcomes of Psychotherapy
Authors: Rolf Sandell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

The general inability to make clinical predictions of psychotherapeutic change, which has been suggested by previous research, is questioned in this study. It is argued and empirically demonstrated in a sample of 8 experienced psychologists and 8 psychology students that there are reliable individual differences in the ability to make accurate predictions. Above-chance accuracy is significantly frequent in the former group of judges (and nonexistent in the latter group), and performance also appears to be influenced by the conditions of the prediction task.
Test results encouraging for potential varicella vaccine
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Yet another viral disease of childhood is in sight of control by vaccination.  At a workshop held recently at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, speakers reported that a chickenpox vaccine that has been widely tested in recent years in immunocompromised persons is safe and immunogenic in normal children and adults. The workshop was sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration's National Center for Drugs and Biologics, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and the National Cancer Institute.  We are looking at the varicella vaccine as an agent for use in normal, healthy children and susceptible adults as well as immunocompromised children, said Arlene A. McLean, PhD, of Merck, Sharp & Dohme, West Point, Pa.  Stephen R. Preblud, MD, of the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, told the workshop that about 100 deaths each year are reported from varicella. In children between the ages of 1 to
Health authorities use panels to gather public opinion
Authors: T Dowswell, R J Lilford, S Harrison, K Mcharg
Journal: BMJ (1995)

that performance indicators as introduced by family health services authorities will be used punitively to identify deficiencies and exert con- trol.Continuous quality improvement aims not to blame but, instead, to seek the root causes of a failure in process that can be improved.3Important tenets of continuous quality improvement are that efforts for improvement are internally driven, not an external mandate; that it focuses on systems first and individuals second; that it recognises that error free care cannot be guaranteed but instead empha- sises that the quality of care can always be contin- uously improved; and that the commitment of leaders is necessary.2Quality of care should be assessed and moni- tored and efforts made to improve standards.Nevertheless, the imposition of performance indicators by family health services authorities without consultation and negotiation is unlikely to be as beneficial as a well planned quality improve- ment programme that aims to get each primary health care team continually to improve the quality of care provided.As with many things that are imposed, people will try to find ways of cheating the system and of going through the motions of monitoring and evaluation while not really believ- ing in them.Performance indicators can certainly be useful, but they should be only one of many tools used in a much wider programme that seeks to improve quality of care.It is also vital that any such project be proactive and a collaborative effort between management and all those in the front line of the provision ofhealth care.
Neutrophils Recruited to Sites of Infection Protect from Virus Challenge by Releasing Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Craig N. Jenne, Connie H.Y. Wong, Franz J. Zemp, Braedon McDonald, Masmudur M. Rahman, Peter A. Forsyth, Grant McFadden, Paul Kubes
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Public health investigations of hazardous organic chemical waste disposal in the United States.
Authors: R Levine, D D Chitwood
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Despite marked national concern, the number of published public health investigations of organic chemical hazardous wastes is small. Moreover, the extant literature provides little or no convincing evidence, either positive or negative, as to the question whether waste sites are harmful to human health. In this review, available literature is characterized as to time, place, and person. The majority of studies began 2 years or more after the end of exposure and 10 years after the start of exposure. Vast geographic areas of exposure have never been investigated. The number of study subjects evaluated has generally been too small to detect rare but important effects. The most common determinant of sites chosen for investigation has been the concern of local citizen groups. Several hypotheses are advanced to explain this pattern: methodologic and logistic difficulties; extensive litigation surrounding many waste sites; governmental reorganization which transferred environmental health from public health authority in the 1970s; and the presence of forces which have worked to block active community diagnosis.
The concept of in vivo airway tissue engineering
Authors: Philipp Jungebluth, Augustinus Bader, Silvia Baiguera, Susanne Möller, Massimo Jaus, Mei Ling Lim, Kaj Fried, Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir, Tetsuhiko Go, Heike Nave, Wolfgang Harringer, Vanessa Lundin, Ana I. Teixeira, Paolo Macchiarini
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Estimating the Functional Capabilities of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in Cardiac Muscle
Authors: R. JOHN SOLARO, F. NORMAN BRIGGS
Journal: Circulation Research (1974)

A method was developed to estimate the amount of calcium which can be bound to the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the dog heart. Incubation conditions that permitted calcium oxalate uptake (steady-state filling or uptake rate) to be used as a marker for sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles in homogenates and microsomal fractions were developed. By dividing the values for peak steady-state filling of a cardiac homogenate by those for peak steady-state filling of a sarcotubular-enriched fraction, we obtained a sarcoplasmic reticulum-homogenate ratio with units of mg sarcoplasmic reticulum x P/g wet heart, where P is the unknown fractional purity of the microsomal fraction. The mean value for the sarcoplasmic reticulum-homogenate ratio obtained from the steady-state filling studies was 6.9 mg sarcoplasmic reticulum x P/g wet heart. Similar values, 6.5 and 7.1 mg sarcoplasmic reticulum x P/g wet heart, were obtained when the rate of calcium oxalate uptake was used as the functional parameter for calculation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum-homogenate ratio. Evidence that sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles in the homogenate are functionally the same as those in the isolated fraction was obtained. Calcium binding by the sarcotubule fraction was measured by either a spectrophotometric (murexide) or a Millipore filtration technique. Multiplication of the sarcoplasmic reticulum homogenate ratio by the amounts of calcium bound by sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles (nmoles calcium/[mg sarcoplasmic reticulum x P]) provided an estimate of the ability of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum to bind calcium. Application of this method indicated that the sarcoplasmic reticulum could bind 300-400 nmoles calcium/g wet heart at 10 -5 M free calcium and 170 nmoles calcium/g wet heart at 10 -6 M free calcium.
Impact of Coronary Heart Disease on World Leaders
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters18 December 2001Impact of Coronary Heart Disease on World LeadersTsung O. Cheng, MDTsung O. Cheng, MDGeorge Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with great interest the report by Girardi and colleagues (1) regarding the impact of coronary heart disease on world leaders. Since the authors did not mention the names of any of the leaders, I cannot tell if one of the leaders of China was included in their report. His name was Hu Yaobang, and he was the Chinese Communist Party General Secretary. Hu had an acute myocardial infarction on 8 April 1989 and died suddenly 1 week later of cardiac rupture. His death was sudden and unexpected; daily reports had indicated that he was recovering ...References1. Girardi AM, Pyenson LR, Morris J, Brickfield FX. Impact of coronary heart disease on world leaders. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:287-90. [PMID: 11182839] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Hurst JW. Coronary events in world leaders [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:338-9. [PMID: 11182846] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: George Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImpact of Coronary Heart Disease on World Leaders Alyce M. Girardi , Leslie R. Pyenson , Jon Morris , and Francis X. Brickfield Coronary Events in World Leaders J. Willis Hurst Impact of Coronary Heart Disease on World Leaders Leslie R. Pyenson , Francis X. Brickfield , and Alyce Girardi Metrics 18 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 12Page: 1094-1095KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionChinese peopleCoronary heart diseaseMyocardial infarctionShockSurgeons ePublished: 18 December 2001 Issue Published: 18 December 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Health Benefits of Universal Influenza Vaccination Strategy
Authors: Cécile Viboud, Mark Miller
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

ost countries in Europe and North America target influenza immunization to persons at highest risk for complications, including seniors 65 years and older, those with certain chronic illnesses, and young children.Despite increases in vaccination rates in these high-risk groups over the last few decades, morbidity and mortality from influenza remain high.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study comparing remifentanil with fentanyl in mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: Claudia Spies, Martin MacGuill, Anja Heymann, Christina Ganea, Daniel Krahne, Angelika Assman, Heinrich-Rudolf Kosiek, Kathrin Scholtz, Klaus-Dieter Wernecke, Jörg Martin
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Identification of Large Families in Early Repolarization Syndrome
Authors: Jean-Baptiste Gourraud, Solena Le Scouarnec, Frederic Sacher, Stéphanie Chatel, Nicolas Derval, Vincent Portero, Pascal Chavernac, Juan E. Sandoval, Philippe Mabo, Richard Redon, Jean-Jacques Schott, Hervé Le Marec, Michel Haïssaguerre, Vincent Probst
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Alcohol-Associated Teenage Deaths: United States, 1980
Authors: Robert W. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The great toll of deaths in the United States due to alcohol-associated diseases (other than trauma) was summarized recently by a group at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.<sup>1</sup>To evaluate alcohol-related teenage deaths, traumatic or not, we used the same data source—Multiple Cause of Death Tapes for 1980 from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). These tapes contain diagnoses of the underlying causes of death and up to 20 contributory causes, along with the usual demographic data as coded routinely by the NCHS from every death certificate filed during the year. We studied these data for persons who died at 10 to 19 years of age whose death certificates showed alcoholism as an underlying or contributory cause of death. The code numbers used for this diagnosis, from the ninth revision of the<i>International Classification of Diseases (ICD)</i>, were 303, alcohol dependence syndrome, which
Defective Notch activation in microenvironment leads to myeloproliferative disease
Authors: Young-Woong Kim, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Hyun-Woo Jeong, Mi-Jeong Yoon, Ran Song, Juhee Shin, Dae-Chul Jeong, Sun-Hee Kim, Young-Yun Kong
Journal: Blood (2008)
Copper-binding proteins in liver of bluegills exposed to increased soluble copper under field and laboratory conditions.
Authors: F L Harrison, J R Lam
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Livers from bluegills exposed to increased soluble copper (Cu) under field and laboratory conditions were analyzed to determine the concentration and distribution of Cu in metalloproteins of different molecular size. Analyses were performed on bluegills collected from the impoundment of the H. B. Robinson Steam Electric Plant (Florence, SC) near the effluent discharge from the power plant, near the water intake to the cooling system, and from a control pond as well as on bluegills exposed under controlled laboratory conditions. Metalloproteins were separated into low molecular weight (LMW), intermediate molecular weight (IMW), and high molecular weight (HMW) fractions by using high-performance liquid chromatography. In the field-exposed bluegills, Cu concentrations in the LMW, IMW, and HMW fractions were highest in bluegills from the discharge site and lowest in those from the control pond. In the laboratory-exposed bluegills, Cu concentrations in the fractions increased with exposure concentration and time. Concentrations of Cu in the LMW protein fraction and pellet of bluegills exposed to 160 micrograms Cu/L appeared to plateau with long exposure times, whereas those in the HMW fraction continued to increase. Bluegills maintained in 80 micrograms Cu/L water at pH 5.5 accumulated lower concentrations of Cu in the LMW and pellet fractions and higher amounts in the HMW than in those maintained in 80 micrograms Cu/L at pH 7.0. Mortality was dependent on exposure concentration and duration and was higher in bluegills maintained in water at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.0.