tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asbestos Fibers in Drinking Water
Authors: Paul Gross
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The conclusion by Mason et al (228:1019, 1974) that no carcinogenic effect from  in drinking water was apparent is timely and should allay somewhat the panic-like fears whipped up by sensational and emotional reporting in the news media.  A misstatement in this article needs to be corrected. According to Mason et al, Pontefract and Cunningham ( Nature 243:352, 1973) found that asbestos fed experimentally to rats has passed through the gastric and intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream.  The facts are that the  was injected as a suspension into the stomach cavity. This technique established the probability that the needle, in passing through the gastric wall, tore open vessels in its path. Some of the aqueous suspension of  fibers, under pressure, could have leaked out of the hole in the gastric wall when the needle was withdrawn.  Transmigration of inhaled particles through the respiratory membrane is
Untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria in girls: I--Stability of urinary isolates.
Authors: S. Hansson, D. Caugant, U. Jodal, C. Svanborg-Eden
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the frequency of spontaneous changes of bacterial strains in patients with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria. DESIGN--Retrospective analysis of samples from all patients with renal scarring and random sample of patients with normal kidneys. SETTING--Outpatient clinic for children with urinary tract infections. PATIENTS--54 Girls aged 3.3-15.5 years with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria caused by Escherichia coli. INTERVENTION--None. END POINT--Change in bacterial strain. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS--Serotyping and electrophoretic analysis of sequential bacterial isolates, representing 151 patient years of untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria. A total of 24 changes of strain were identified. Eleven were related to medical interference such as treatment of other infections with antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS--Spontaneous changes of strain were uncommon, one change in 11.6 patient years, and thus are not a characteristic feature of the course of asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Role of community pharmacies in prevention of AIDS among injecting drug misusers: findings of a survey in England and Wales.
Authors: A. Glanz, C. Byrne, P. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the current and potential roles of community pharmacists in the prevention of AIDS among misusers of injected drugs. DESIGN--Cross sectional postal survey of a one in four random sample of registered pharmacies in England and Wales. SETTING--Project conducted in the addiction research unit of the Institute of Psychiatry, London. SUBJECTS--2469 Community pharmacies in the 15 regional health authorities in England and Wales. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Willingness of pharmacists to sell injecting equipment to known or suspected misusers of drugs; pharmacists9 attitudes to syringe exchange schemes, keeping a "sharps" box for use by misusers of drugs, and offering face to face advice and leaflets; and opinions of community pharmacists on their role in AIDS prevention and drug misuse. RESULTS--1946 Questionnaires were returned, representing a response rate of 79%. This fell short of the target of one in four pharmacies in each family practitioner committee area in England and Wales, and total numbers of respondents were therefore weighted in inverse proportion to the response rate in each area. The findings disclosed a substantial demand for injecting equipment by drug misusers. After weighting of numbers of respondents an estimated 676 of 2434 pharmacies were currently selling injecting equipment and 65 of 2415 (3%) were participating in local syringe exchange schemes; only 94 of 2410 pharmacies (4%) had a sharps box for used equipment. There was a high degree of concern among pharmacists about particular consequences of drug misusers visiting their premises, along with a widespread acceptance that the community pharmacist had an important part to play. CONCLUSIONS--Promoting the participation of community pharmacists in the prevention of AIDS among misusers of injected drugs is a viable policy, but several problems would need to be overcome before it was implemented.
Social Class of Medical Students
Authors: Robert J. Needles
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The paper on "Social Class of Medical Students" by Dr. Rosinski inThe Journalfor July 12th (<b>193</b>:95-96, 1965) is an exercise in statistical evaluation of the human race. Fortunately, man does not lend himself well to statistical categorization. Dr. Rosinski finds that more students come from the "upper" classes of the country or from the families of physicians. I find little to criticize in this. Indeed, it would be discouraging if many applicants for medical school did not come from the families of physicians. Things being as they are, this figure may change as the bitter rewards of the present generation of physicians at the hands of the federal government come to be evaluated further. Dr. Rosinski believes that there is an untapped pool of medical-school applicants among the lower classes. I think it fair to say that after 25 or 30 years of help
Aberrant ORM (yeast)–like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) expression dysregulates ceramide homeostasis in cells and ceramide exacerbates allergic asthma in mice
Authors: Clement Oyeniran, Jamie L. Sturgill, Nitai C. Hait, Wei-Ching Huang, Dorit Avni, Michael Maceyka, Jason Newton, Jeremy C. Allegood, Alison Montpetit, Daniel H. Conrad, Sheldon Milstien, Sarah Spiegel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Triggered ventricular rhythms in 1-day-old myocardial infarction in the dog.
Authors: N El-Sherif, W B Gough, R H Zeiler, R Mehra
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Triggered activity developed in depolarized Purkinje fibers (maximum diastolic potential -59.3 +/- 9.9 mV) during superfusion with normal Tyrode's solution in 84% of subendocardial preparations from 1-day-old canine infarct. Triggered activity occurred when a delayed afterdepolarization attained threshold potential and spontaneously terminated after a subthreshold delayed afterdepolarization. Triggered activity was initiated either by stimulated beats or by the background slow Purkinje automaticity. When multiple stimulated beats were required, the amplitude of the afterdepolarization increased and the coupling interval decreased when the stimulation frequency and/or the number of stimulated beats increased. Varying degrees of entrance and exit block around sites of triggered activity were common, and some triggered activity manifested as a parasystolic rhythm. In preparations showing subthreshold delayed afterdepolarizations, both epinephrine (2.5 x 10(-6) M) and increasing [Ca++]o, (from 2.7 to 8.1 mM) increased the amplitude of afterdepolarizations and resulted in triggered activity. On the other hand, verapamil (2.2 x 10(-6) M) resulted in exit block around sites of triggered activity and/or completely suppressed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity. Isochronal mapping of endocardial activation during the initiation and perpetuation of triggered activity elucidated a focal site of origin from Purkinje fibers overlying the infarct and showed no evidence of a circus movement of excitation. The in vitro triggered activity may explain the spontaneous multiform ventricular rhythms seen in the intact heart.
Small number of HTLV-1-positive cells frequently remains during complete remission after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that are heterogeneous in origin among cases with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: R Yamasaki, Y Miyazaki, Y Moriuchi, C Tsutsumi, T Fukushima, S Yoshida, J Taguchi, Y Inoue, E Matsuo, Y Imaizumi, D Imanishi, T Fujimoto, H Tsushima, S Honda, T Hata, K Tsukasaki, M Tomonaga
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Quality Assurance in Health Care
Authors: Walter G. Gunn
Journal: JAMA (1977)

If each individual American has a right to quality medical care, then the medical profession must supply that care. But how are the standards of quality to be defined, and who will do it? Can quality care be rendered at a cost that will not bankrupt insurers, both private and governmental? Ought quality to be defined by criteria set up by the medical profession, regardless of cost? Or ought cost effectiveness to be an essential part of quality determination at every step? These and a host of other considerations are dealt with in an important new book that will be a valuable reference source for those who try to define quality in health care and ways to achieve good health care. The book discusses such concepts as the following: mandatory continuing education and recertification requirements will probably do little to improve quality of care, but the development of better practice
Epicutaneous Sensitization in Filaggrin Gene-Depleted Mouse Induces Prolonged Airway Eosinophilia without Obvious Dermatitis
Authors: Yusuke Suzuki, Katsunori Masaki, Shizuko Kagawa, Hiroshi Kawasaki, Keisuke Nagao, Akiharu Kubo, Tomoko Betsuyaku, Masayuki Amagai, Koichiro Asano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Substernal Thyroid Carcinoma Detected by 67Ga Scan in a Patient With Normal 131I Scan
Authors: E. EDMUND KIM, YOSH MARUYAMA, FRANK H. DeLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

A patient with a superior mediastinal mass on an admission chest radiograph was initially evaluated by an 131I thyroid scan which failed to demonstrate a substernal thyroid. However, the tomographic 67Ga scan clearly showed an abnormal uptake in the area corresponding to the mass lesion on radiographic examination. Subsequent resection and biopsy of the substernal mass revealed a poorly differentiated follicular carcinoma with foci of anaplastic carcinoma. The differential diagnosis of the anterior mediastinal mass and the usefullness of the tomographic gallium scan are briefly discussed.
Book: Appraisal for the Apprehensive: A Guide for Doctors
Authors: I. Agell
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Ruth Chambers, Gill Wakley, Steve Field, Simon Ellis Radcliffe Medical Press, £24.95, pp 209 ISBN 185775 982 6 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> As part of their preparation to become consultants, specialist registrars should explore what that role will demand beyond clinical practice. This can be one of the objectives of regular supervision. I recently discussed the appraisal process with my current supervisor. This was informative but also left me … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INFANTILE SPINAL PARALYSIS
Authors: DAVID SILVER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The spinal cords of thirty-eight animals experimentally infected failed to show speeilie lesions of poliomyelitis though in sonic animals motor disturbances developed which might have been mistaken for the Symptoms of poliomyelitis.The presence of specific lesions was regarded as the crucial test.We believe that symptoms of inoculated animais must be supported by pathologic findings lo have any value as experi¬ mental evidence.
AN UNUSUAL CASE OF OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE CLAVICLE
Authors: Nathaniel Bercovitz
Journal: JAMA (1924)

K. L. S., a Chinese, aged 19, married, entered the hospital Dec. 20, 1923, with extensive ulceration over the right clavicle, with both ends of the clavicle exposed, being held in place by a bridge composed of skin and connective tissue, as shown in Figure 1. The family and past history were unimportant except that the patient had smallpox and measles when a child, with frequent attacks of malaria. He had had occasional conjunctivitis, but no bone or joint pains. There was no history of venereal infection. The present condition dated back about ten months, at which time the patient awoke, one morning, with a dull ache over the right clavicle. At first there was no redness or swelling, but gradually the pain became worse until he could not move the shoulder or the arm or fingers. Within a day or two the region over the clavicle began to swell.
Predicting Pathological Stage of Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: John A. Petros
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Partin and colleagues<sup>1</sup>have ignored the race of the patient in reporting their nomograms that are intended to predict the pathological stage of clinically localized prostate cancer. Not only does this limit the generalizability of the nomograms, but it also influences their accuracy. Black race has been shown to be an adverse prognostic factor for recurrence following radical prostatectomy, even after multivariate adjustment for the 3 factors that the nomograms use in predicting stage (serum PSA level, clinical stage, and tumor grade in biopsy).<sup>2</sup>The prostate cancer death rate is 52% higher for black Americans than white Americans, and the 5-year relative survival rate is 16% lower, despite the fact that the percentage of blacks that present with "localized" disease (53%) is similar to whites (59%).<sup>3</sup>Compared with white men, the percentage of black men with margin-positive disease is significantly higher (50.5% vs 38.4%;<i>P</i>=.04)
Anatomical Diagnosis of Stroke
Authors: Robert Raskind
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  The discussion (237:2036, 1977) of the semantics of  and  by Posner and Fink are indeed enlightening and entertaining. My interest is not with the terminology or usage but with implications thereof. The stroke or CVA patient may be assigned to the lowest-ranking house officer on the service, placed at the most distant corridor of the ward, and treated with wholesome neglect. The connotation is one of hopelessness and despair.  This is not in keeping with current and advancing technology in the management of cerebrovascular disease. Delineation of a specific lesion is much more than a literary nicety and an improvement in communication.  Precise anatomical diagnosis is the sine qua non for successful treatment; the following are a few examples of the relationship between an accurate determination of the pathological process and therapy. Carotid artery bifurcation plaque causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is frequently amenable to
Steroid Hormone-Producing Tumors in Man
Authors: DALE A. FREEMAN
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1986)

Journal Article Steroid Hormone-Producing Tumors in Man Get access Dale A. Freeman Dale A. Freeman 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, and the Veterans Administration Medical Center Dallas, Texas 75216 *Address requests for reprints to: Dale A. Freeman, M.D., Veterans Administration Medical Center, Medical Service (HIE), 4500 South Lancaster Road, Dallas, Texas 75216. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrine Reviews, Volume 7, Issue 2, 1 May 1986, Pages 204–220, https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-7-2-204 Published: 01 May 1986
Identification of Risk Factors Related to Poor Angiogenic Potency of Bone Marrow Cells From Different Patients
Authors: Tao-Sheng Li, Masayuki Kubo, Kazuhiro Ueda, Masanori Murakami, Mako Ohshima, Toshiro Kobayashi, Toshiki Tanaka, Bungo Shirasawa, Akihito Mikamo, Kimikazu Hamano
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Therapeutic angiogenesis induced by the implantation of autologous bone marrow-derived cells has been used for the treatment of ischemic diseases. However, as the outcomes of cell implantation obviously vary among patients, it is essential to identify patients that would benefit the most from this treatment.We collected clinical and laboratory data from 25 patients scheduled to undergo sternotomy for various surgical procedures. Then, we aspirated bone marrow cells from the sternum during the operation and investigated the cell quality in vitro by cultivation, and their angiogenic potency in vivo using an ischemic limb model of mice. The angiogenic potency of bone marrow cells differed among patients. Aging, renal failure, anemia, and high serum levels of triglyceride, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (NTX) significantly correlated with poor angiogenic potency of bone marrow cells. We assigned scores to these risk factors, and found a strong correlation between the risk scores of patients and the angiogenic potency of their bone marrow cells (r=-0.883, P<0.001). These risk scores can predict the angiogenic potency of bone marrow cells for inducing therapeutic angiogenesis with an accuracy of 80%.We have identified the risk factors related to poor angiogenic potency of bone marrow cells and developed a new scoring system to predict their angiogenic potency for the treatment of ischemic diseases. Our results may help select patients for this treatment in future clinical trials.
Antioxidant versus Lipid-Altering Therapy — Some Answers, More Questions
Authors: Jane E. Freedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Recently, great strides have been made in the use of various pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease. One strategy, the use of lipid-altering therapy for both primary and secondary prevention, has reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Studies that use the end points of acute coronary syndromes and death provide direct information on the effects of various therapies but require large samples and prolonged periods of study. Since the risk of coronary events is related to the progression of coronary lesions,1 a highly relevant clinical end point is the attenuation of plaque formation. Studies using coronary angiography . . .
Immunologic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in a Married Heterosexual Couple
Authors: Juan C. Larach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 February 1989Immunologic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in a Married Heterosexual CoupleJuan C. Larach, MD, William T. Leslie, MDJuan C. Larach, MDSearch for more papers by this author, William T. Leslie, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-4-322 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Thrombocytopenia is a known complication of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The mechanism of the thrombocytopenia is uncertain, although Walsh and colleagues (1) found circulating immune complexes bound to the surface of platelets of HIV-positive patients, and Stricker and colleagues (2) found specific autoantibodies bound to a platelet membrane antigen. Thrombocytopenia has recently been reported after heterosexual transmission of HIV (3). We report a case of thrombocytopenia in a heterosexual married couple who were HIV-positive. The husband probably contracted the HIV infection from contact with prostitutes, although his wife developed thrombocytopenia first.A 37-year-old white...References1. WalshNardiKarpatkin CMS. On the mechanism of thrombocytopenic purpura in sexually active homosexual men. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:635-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. StriekerAbramsCorash RDL. Target platelet antigen in homosexual men with immune thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 1985;313:1375-80. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KarpatkinNardiHymes SMK. Immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura after heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:190-3. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: MacNeal Cancer Center and MacNeal Hospital Berwyn, IL 60402 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHemostatic Abnormalities in HIV Disease 15 February 1989Volume 110, Issue 4Page: 322-323KeywordsAntigensAutoantibodiesHIVHIV infectionsHeterosexualsImmune complexPlatelets Issue Published: 15 February 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Antioxidant gene therapy against neuronal cell death
Authors: Juliana Navarro-Yepes, Laura Zavala-Flores, Annadurai Anandhan, Fang Wang, Maciej Skotak, Namas Chandra, Ming Li, Aglaia Pappa, Daniel Martinez-Fong, Luz Maria Del Razo, Betzabet Quintanilla-Vega, Rodrigo Franco
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2013)
ANTITHROMBOTIC TREATMENT IN RELATION TO AGE IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN NORTH AMERICA (GLORIA-AF PHASE II)
Authors: Jonathan L. Halperin, Menno Huisman, Hans-Christoph Diener, Sergio Dubner, Changsheng Ma, Kenneth Rothman, Jeff Healey, Kristina Zint, Amelie Elsaesser, Miney Paquette, Christine Teutsch, Gregory Lip
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Firm foundation for senior house officers: A firm foundation for general practice
Authors: Robin Christie
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Firm foundation for senior house officers Five years is long enoughEditor-The editorial by Gallen and Peile signals anything but a firm foundation for training junior doctors. 1 The first foundation year will essentially be an extension of undergraduate training, its doctors allowed only to observe medical practice.And doctors in foundation year 2 will be "career tourists," spending too little time in each specialty to be able to offer much service in return.Medical educationalists should realise that nurses and other paramedical groups are encroaching on traditional medical practice and do not seem to need the sort of extended training we demand of medical students.For example, a six week course apparently enables paramedics to administer safely almost all drugs used in emergency practice.By contrast we seem intent on postponing the time at which our bright and enthusiastic young doctors can start treating patients.Five years is quite long enough to learn the theory of medicine.After that, the sooner young doctors are allowed to start treating patients, in a supervised setting, the better.
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: A S Levey, J Lau, S G Pauker, J P Kassirer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

We used decision analysis to compare the conventional strategy of biopsy-tailored therapy with alternative strategies not using renal biopsy in treating adults with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. We evaluated data on steroid and platelet-inhibitor therapies and a new clinical strategy, empiric sequential therapy. This sequential approach involves use of short-term alternate-day steroid agents, followed by long-term platelet inhibitors for persistent nephrotic syndrome. Our results indicate that, contrary to usual practice, use of renal biopsy is not necessary in caring for adult patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; empiric short-term alternate-day steroid therapy is equally efficacious. If the benefits of platelet-inhibitor therapy for treating membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis are confirmed, empiric sequential therapy also will be equally efficacious. Our study shows how decision analysis can be used to identify superfluous diagnostic procedures.