tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence Microscopy in the Cytodiagnosis of Cancer
Authors: Elizabeth A. McGrew
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In a foreword we find the statement that  microscopy is not a technique but an art, requiring a mental attitude sensitive to color, shading, and design, as well as an ability to determine analytical interpretation of the image. This is an appropriate observation in relation to this uncommonly handsome book, in which the spectacular colors of acridine-orange stained cells are brilliantly reproduced. The authors have also succeeded in devising remarkably clear diagrams and graphs to explain the physical and chemical nature of the fluorescence phenomenon.  First the authors illustrate the acridine-orange staining technique applied to smears and tissues of both rat and human genital tracts. This is followed by a comparison of results obtained from study of Papanicolaou and acridine-orange preparations of cervical smears from 5,474 patients, 132 of whom had carcinoma. The two methods each detected abnormalities in 127. In the category of suspicious cytologic results a somewhat
Effects of Chronic Heart Failure on the Inotropic Response of the Right Ventricle of the Conscious Dog to a Cardiac Glycoside and to Tachycardia
Authors: STEPHEN F. VATNER, EUGENE BRAUNWALD
Journal: Circulation (1974)

The effects of ouabain, 20 µg/kg, and elevation of cardiac rate from 90 to 240 beats/min (BQwditch phenomenon) were examined on right ventricular (RV) segment length (SL), pressure (P), velocity of shortening (V), dP/dt, and dP/dt/P in conscious dogs before and after chronic right heart failure was induced by tricuspid avulsion and pulmonary stenosis, or by pulmonary stenosis alone. Chronic pulmonary stenosis and tricuspid regurgitation increased RV systolic P from 25 ± 3 to 59 ± 7 mm Hg, end-diastolic P from 3 ± 1 to 16 ± 2 mm Hg and reduced dP/dt/P from 48 ± 6 to 24 ± 4 sec –1 and V from 26 ± 3 to 15 ± 3 mm/sec. Both ouabain and tachycardia exerted relatively minor inotropic effects in normal, healthy, conscious dogs; dP/dt/P and V rose by 18 ± 2 and 17 ± 2% with ouabain, and by 15 ± 3 and 16 ± 3% with tachycardia. When the tachycardia-induced reductions in end-diastolic SL were prevented by saline infusion, the increases in dP/dt/P and V were 19 ± 3% and 21 ± 3%. After chronic heart failure had been induced, the positive inotropic increases, with ouabain and tachycardia expressed on an absolute or relative basis, were significantly greater than had occurred in the dogs prior to heart failure; dP/dt/P and V rose by 47 ± 5 and 48 ± 6% with ouabain and by 41 ± 4% and 51 ± 3% with tachycardia. Thus, cardiac glycosides and the Bowditch phenomenon exert relatively minor positive inotropic responses in the nonfailing heart of the conscious dog when compared with the responses to these stimuli in the failing heart.
Deadly Fungal Infections Spreading in Cancer Patients
Authors: Jean McCann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Deadly Fungal Infections Spreading in Cancer Patients Jean McCann Jean McCann Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 19, 4 October 1995, Pages 1434–1436, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.19.1434 Published: 04 October 1995
Reticulohistiocytosis (Lipoid Dermato-arthritis)
Authors: R. P. Warin, C. D. Evans, M. Hewitt, A. L. Taylor, C. H. G. Price, J. H. Middlemiss
Journal: BMJ (1957)

MMISRN 1387 medical attendants during the intensely distressing period of maximal disability is invaluable.Once deterioration appears to be checked a reasonably confident prognosis can be given-though a warning should be issued of the possi- bility of personality changes during the convalescence and the rather more remote danger of permanent impairment of intellectual capacity.Summary A description is given of eight examples of a clinical syndrome of gradual onset in which develops almost total paralysis of all motor function, originating first in the mid-brain and later in the whole brain-stem, accom- panied by only mild pyramidal or long-tract sensory disturbance, and no cardiac or respiratory abnormality.From a stationary stage of extreme gravity, dramatic total recovery has occurred in seven cases, with no neurological sequelae.The pathology of the fatal case is described, and a state of transient cerebral oedema, possibly related to a systemic virus infection, is suggested as the basic cause.I wish to express my thanks to Dr.
Interpreting Hospital Mortality Data
Authors: Katherine L. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

DATA about whether patients live or die following short-term—care hospitalization can serve at least two purposes: (1) to determine if hospital performance has improved or deteriorated over time and (2) to determine if performance differs across hospitals at one given time. Hospital mortality figures have been used in this manner primarily because such data are readily available, easy to understand, and potentially important to the public. However, if mortality data are to be used for these purposes, they must reflect actual differences in the quality of care, not other factors, such as patient sickness at admission. We have been studying hospital mortality and other outcomes as part of a clinically detailed national study to assess the impact of the diagnosis related group (DRG)-based prospective payment system (PPS) on the quality of care for hospitalized Medicare patients. In this report we document and justify some of the design decisions we made
Prevention and Treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome: A Retrospective Look
Authors: Bruce B. Dan
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Five years ago, the medical community was first notified of the sudden emergence of what appeared to be a new and extraordinary illness.<sup>1</sup>Since that time, the Centers for Disease Control has received reports of more than 2,500 cases of what we now know as "toxic shock syndrome" (TSS). Investigations quickly uncovered that TSS had a peculiar predilection for young women during their menses and that recurrences of the illness arose in subsequent menstrual periods.<sup>2</sup>Studies of the menstrually associated cases demonstrated that the disease in these women was associated with the use of tampons and with vaginal infection with<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.<sup>3</sup> Despite its recent recognition, descriptions of staphylococcal illnesses indistinguishable from TSS have appeared for more than 50 years.<sup>4-7</sup>Studies of nonmenstrual TSS have shown that these cases too are associated with staphylococcal infection.<sup>8,9</sup>The vast majority of all recovered TSS staphylococcal isolates are
Laser-induced weal and flare reactions: clinical aspects and pharmacological modulation
Authors: B. Algermissen, B. Hermes, B.M. Henz, U. MUller, H.P. Berlien
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary Background Among the adverse effects of cutaneous laser therapy, weal and flare reactions immediately after treatment have received little attention, and the pathomechanisms are unclear. Objectives To study clinical features and possible mechanisms of laser-induced weal and flare reactions in order to identify means of possible therapeutic intervention. Methods Normal skin from the inner arm of 20 volunteers was treated with an argon laser, and the size of weal and flare reactions was measured over a 60-min period. Skin biopsies were taken from four volunteers before and up to 24 h after laser treatment and examined histologically and immunohistologically. Possible underlying mechanisms were also explored using various topical or systemic pharmacological agents. Results Wealing was noted in 19 of 20, and flare reactions in all volunteers, with peak values at 15 min. Skin biopsies showed central coagulation of the tissue, cleft formation between epidermis and dermis, normal numbers of morphologically intact mast cells on toluidine blue staining close to the lesion, and only minor upregulation of endothelial and leucocyte adhesion molecules. In agreement with these findings, pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid, the H1-blocker loratadine and triamcinolone cream was ineffective or resulted in a non-significant reduction of weal and flare reactions. In contrast, local anaesthetics as well as neuropeptide depletion of skin with capsaicin abolished the reactions almost completely. Conclusions Transient weal and flare reactions in response to laser treatment occur in almost all persons and are based primarily on a neurogenic rather than a histamine- or mast cell-dependent mechanism.
Abstract 3437: GFP imaging of angiogenesis in lymph node metastasis
Authors: Ryoichi Aki, Yasuyuki Amoh, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Atsushi Suetsugu, Masashi Momiyama, Kensei Katsuoka, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In the present study, we developed a novel model to image angiogenesis of lymph node cancer metastasis. Transgenic nude mice carrying GFP under the control of the nestin promoter (ND-GFP mice), 6 to 8 weeks old, were used as hosts. ND-GFP mice express GFP in nascent blood vessels. B16F10-RFP cells were injected into the efferent lymph vessel of the inguinal lymph node of ND-GFP mice to establish experimental metastasis in the axillary lymph node. The axillary lymph nodes of the mice were imaged at days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after injection of tumor cells. Three days after cancer-cell transplantation, nascent blood vessels were imaged by GFP fluorescence in the tumor-involved lymph nodes in the ND-GFP mice. Ten days after cancer-cell transplantation, ND-GFP expression demonstrated an angiogenesis network in the tumor-involved lymph node. Fourteen days after cancer-cell transplantation, ND-GFP expression in the lymph node tumor blood vessels began to be extinguished as the blood vessels matured. Twenty-eight days after cancer-cell transplantation, ND-GFP expression in blood vessels in the lymph node tumors was completely extinguished. This model is useful for direct visualization of nascent tumor angiogenesis in lymph nodes with metastatic cancer, a very critical site for early metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3437.
The Effects of Propranolol on Cardiac Conduction
Authors: WALTER D. BERKOWITZ, ANDREW L. WIT, SUN H. LAU, CHARLES STEINER, ANTHONY N. DAMATO
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The effects of propranolol, 0.1 mg/kg given intravenously, on atrioventricular (A-V) conduction and intraventricular (IV) conduction were studied in eight patients. Atrial pacing was used to control the heart rate. His bundle electrograms were recorded, and the interval from the pacing impulse to the His bundle electrogram (P-H interval) was used as a measure of A-V conduction and the interval from the His bundle electrogram to the S wave (H-S interval) was used as a measure of intraventricular conduction. Propranolol significantly prolonged the P-H interval in every patient at all paced heart rates, and it had no effect on the H-S interval. In two patients propranolol prolonged the effective refractory period of the atrioventricular conducting tissue. In four dogs during His bundle pacing, propranolol (4 mg/kg iv) had no effect on intraventricular conduction as measured from the His bundle pacing spike to S wave (H-S interval). In two dogs with prolonged H-S intervals secondary to toxic doses of digitalis and procainamide, propranolol had no effect on IV conduction. It is concluded that propranolol prolongs A-V conduction and has no effect on IV conduction when administered to patients in clinically effective dosages. Propranolol's effects on cardiac conduction can be explained on the basis of its capacity to produce beta-adrenergic blockade.
The Achilles Tendon
Authors: M. Mark Hoffer
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prenatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls: A Neuropsychologic Analysis
Authors: Olivier Boucher, Gina Muckle, Célyne H. Bastien
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

A large body of literature documents the effects of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on cognitive development of children. Despite this fact, no integrative synthesis has been published yet to identify the cognitive functions that are particularly affected. Our aim is to review this literature in an attempt to identify the cognitive profile associated with prenatal PCB exposure.Studies were identified by searching the PubMed database for articles published before June 2008. We reviewed data from nine prospective longitudinal birth cohorts for different aspects of cognition.Associations between indicators of prenatal PCB exposure and performance on cognitive tasks reported in the selected studies are summarized and classified as general cognitive abilities, verbal or visual-spatial skills, memory, attention, and executive functions.The most consistent effects observed across studies are impaired executive functioning related to increased prenatal PCB exposure. Negative effects on processing speed, verbal abilities, and visual recognition memory are also reported by most studies. Converging results from different cohort studies in which exposure arises from different sources make it unlikely that co-exposure with another associated contaminant is responsible for the observed effects.Prenatal PCB exposure appears to be related to a relatively specific cognitive profile of impairments. Failure to assess functions that are specifically impaired may explain the absence of effects found in some studies. Our findings have implications in the selection of cognitive assessment methods in future studies.
Identification of pemphigus vulgaris antigen extracted from normal human epidermis and comparison with pemphigus foliaceus antigen.
Authors: R W Eyre, J R Stanley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Immunoprecipitations of cultured keratinocyte extracts have shown that pemphigus vulgaris (PV) sera bind a polypeptide of 210,000 mol wt with disulfide-linked chains of 130,000 and 85,000 mol wt. To identify proteins in normal human skin recognized by PV antibodies, we performed immunoprecipitations of normal human epidermal extracts. All 22 PV sera tested immunoprecipitated a complex of polypeptides (PV complex) of 210,000, 130,000, and 85,000 mol wt, after reduction. One- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed that the 130,000- and 85,000-mol-wt polypeptides of the PV antigen from both cultured keratinocytes and epidermis have identical charges and sizes. In addition to precipitating the PV complex, 14 of 22 PV sera also have antibodies to a calcium-sensitive epitope on a different complex of polypeptides (PF complex) which has previously been shown to be precipitated by all pemphigus foliaceus (PF) sera. The PF complex consists of polypeptides of 260,000, 160,000, 110,000, and 85,000 mol wt. Although the majority of PV sera also precipitate the PF complex, no PF sera precipitate the PV complex. Thus, PV and PF can be absolutely distinguished on a molecular level using the patients' autoantibodies. The PV and PF complexes, although distinct, have certain similarities. The 85,000-mol-wt polypeptide of each is identical. The 160,000-mol wt-peptide of the PF complex and the 130,000-mol-wt peptide of the PV complex have the same isoelectric point and both are capable of disulfide linkage to the 85,000-mol-wt polypeptide. The PV and PF complexes are closely related and may prove important in cell adhesion.
False-Positive Imaging of In-111 Labeled Monoclonal Antibody Conjugate CYT-103 in a Patient With Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: MANOJ BHATIA, PAUL L. BARON, DANIEL F. ALDERMAN, LEONIE GORDON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

ln-111 satumomab whole-body imaging is used in the evaluation of patients with colorectal carcinoma. The authors report a case of false-positive ln-111 localization in a nonfunctional adrenal adenoma in a patient with metastatic colon carcinoma.
Fetuses cannot feel pain before 26 weeks
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The minimum stage of structural development that is necessary to confer awareness on the developing fetus occurs some time after 26 weeks, according to a report by a working party from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

Because of difficulties in estimating gestation the report recommends that doctors should consider giving analgesia or anaesthesia to the fetus when carrying out diagnostic procedures after 24 weeks' …
TRANSORBITAL LEUCOTOMY IN NONINSTITUTIONAL CASES
Authors: ABRAHAM GARDNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

Results in 115 cases of transorbital leucotomy of noninstitutional patients are reported. The author believes that this is an excellent technique for treatment of selected cases from private practice, as well as such institutional cases reported by others. Studies of the psychoneurotic group are of particular interest and indicate another method of management of a very common and difficult problem. Results in those patients operated for relief of intractable pain and suffering suggest that this procedure is effective and among the least drastic of surgical measures. Several patients who had secondary dependency on narcotics, barbiturates, and alcoholic beverages obtained relief from these dependencies along with relief from the underlying disorders and none showed any withdrawal symptoms.
Differential regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein secretion from human decidual cells by IGF-I, insulin, and relaxin.
Authors: K M Thraikill, D R Clemmons, W H Busby, S Handwerger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Several growth hormone-independent 25-31,000 kD insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs) have been identified in plasma, extravascular fluids, and various cell-conditioned media. Cultured human decidual cells release three IGF-BPs with 24,000, 30,000, and 34,000 Mr. Using ligand blot analysis and an RIA for the 30,000-Mr form (IGF-BP-1), we examined the effects of IGF-I (10-1,000 ng/ml), insulin (10-10,000 ng/ml), and relaxin (10-250 ng/ml) on decidual cell IGF-BP release after 120 h of hormone exposure. IGF-I inhibited release of both IGF-BP-1 and the 24,000 Mr form. Inhibition of IGF-BP-1 release was noted after 48 h of treatment and was progressive throughout the subsequent 120 h. Insulin stimulated a fourfold increase in release of the 24,000-Mr protein while inhibiting IGF-BP-1 release comparable to IGF-I, alpha-IR3, a monoclonal antibody to the IGF-I receptor, blocked approximately 33% of the IGF-I response but had no effect on insulin-mediated IGF-BP-1 inhibition. Relaxin stimulated a 2.4-fold increase in release of the 24,000-Mr form and a 16-fold increase in the 30,000-Mr protein after 120 h. Stimulation of the 30,000-Mr protein was inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide (50 micrograms/ml). Both IGF-I and insulin also blocked the relaxin-mediated increase in IGF-BP-1. These studies suggest that three structurally related proteins differentially regulate IGF-BP secretion possibly via activation of distinct receptor subtypes.
Protective efficacy of a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: J. Cassio de Moraes, M.C.C. Camargo, N.T. Rossetto Hidalgo, H. Aparecida Barbosa, V.L. Gattas, H.de.G. Vasconcelos, C. Tavares Sacchi, I.M. Land Gral, B.A. Perkins, J.D. Wenger, B.D. Plikaytis, C.V. Broome
Journal: The Lancet (1992)
Epidemiology of primary hepatic malignancies in U.S. children
Authors: Anil Darbari, Keith M. Sabin, Craig N. Shapiro, Kathleen B. Schwarz
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The epidemiology of primary hepatic malignancies in U.S. children is poorly characterized. We analyzed the incidence, mortality, and characteristics of primary hepatic malignancies in U.S. residents less than 20 years of age. Fatal primary hepatic malignancies in persons less than 20 years of age, between 1979 and 1996, were identified using the multiple-cause-of-death database (National Center for Health Statistics). Histologically confirmed primary hepatic malignancies occurring between 1973 and 1997 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Between 1979 and 1996, 918 primary hepatic malignancy deaths (average, 0.7/1,000,000/year) were reported nationally among persons less than 20 years of age; rates were higher among Asians and among foreign-born children. Between 1973 and 1997, 271 primary hepatic malignancy cases were reported to SEER among persons less than 20 years of age, of which 184 (67%) and 83 (31%) were hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. Among children less than 5 years of age, hepatoblastoma accounted for 91% of primary hepatic malignancy cases, whereas among those 15 to 19 years of age, hepatocellular carcinoma accounted for 87% of cases. Five-year survival for hepatoblastoma was 52%, compared with 18% for hepatocellular carcinoma. In the SEER sites, between 1973 and 1977 and 1993 and 1997, hepatoblastoma rates increased (0.6 to 1.2/1,000,000, respectively), while hepatocellular carcinoma rates decreased (0.45 to 0.29/1,000,000, respectively). In conclusion, histologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma was reported in children less than 5 years of age, also, where hepatoblastoma is the predominant primary hepatic malignancy. Hepatocellular carcinoma has worse survival rates than hepatoblastoma, and its incidence has not increased. Better maintenance of databases may provide information about associated factors behind this unexpected occurrence.
Medical Care of the Surgical Patient: A Problem-Oriented Approach to Management
Authors: Lawrence E. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<b>Medical Management of the Surgical Patient</b>, by Michael F. Lubin, H. Kenneth Walker, and Robert B. Smith III, 923 pp, with illus, $69.95, Woburn, Mass, Butterworth Inc, 1982. As general internal medicine has developed as a separate academic discipline, general internists have naturally begun to publish textbooks dealing with their "turf." Initially, these authors produced volumes with titles like "Primary Care Medicine" and "Office Practice of Medicine." Now, they have expanded their horizons and have begun to publish texts on the perioperative practice of medicine. The text by Goldmann et al is one of the first examples of this new species. Textbooks of perioperative medicine are clearly long overdue, and Goldmann and colleagues are to be congratulated for putting together this ambitious multiauthored enterprise. Goldmann et al also deserve considerable credit for three particular strengths of their text. First, it is broad in scope. The book opens with a discussion