tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk of sick leave and disability pension in working-age women and men with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Jenny Hubertsson, Ingemar F Petersson, Carina A Thorstensson, Martin Englund
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

To investigate sick leave and disability pension in working-age subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared with the general population.Population-based cohort study: individual-level inpatient and outpatient Skåne Health Care Register data were linked with data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. In 2009 all working-age (16-64 years) Skåne County residents who in 1998-2009 had been diagnosed with knee OA (International Classification of Diseases-10 code M17) were identified and their sick leave and disability pension in 2009 related to those of the general working-age population (n=789 366) standardised for age.15 345 working-age residents (49.6% women) with knee OA were identified. Compared with the general population, the RR (95% CI) of having had one or more episodes of sick leave during the year was 1.82 (1.73 to 1.91) for women and 2.03 (1.92 to 2.14) for men with knee OA. The corresponding risk for disability pension was 1.54 (1.48 to 1.60) for women and 1.36 (1.28 to 1.43) for men with knee OA. The annual mean number of sick days was 87 for each patient with knee OA and 57 for the general population (age- and sex-standardised). Of all sick leave and disability pension in the entire population, 2.1% of days were attributable to knee OA or associated comorbidity in the patients with knee OA (3.1% for sick leave and 1.8% for disability pension).Subjects with doctor-diagnosed knee OA have an almost twofold increased risk of sick leave and about 40-50% increased risk of disability pension compared with the general population. About 2% of all sick days in society are attributable to knee OA.
Manubrium sterni stress fracture: an unusual complication of non-contact sport.
Authors: K Robertsen, O Kristensen, L Vejen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

Tremendous force is usually required to cause sternal fractures. Normally this is caused either by a direct blow to the chest or by an indirect injury from hyperflexion of the torso. A case is presented of a fracture of the manubrium sterni in a young man as a complication of body building exercises-a non-contact sport. It appears that this has not been reported before.
Attitudes and Practices of Breast Cancer Consultations Regarding Sexual Issues: A Nationwide Survey of Japanese Surgeons
Authors: Miyako Takahashi, Ichiro Kai, Mitsuru Hisata, Yasuhiro Higashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

To investigate doctors' current practices and attitudes and correlates of sexuality-related consultations in clinical encounters.A nationwide, self-administered mail survey was conducted with 1,313 board-certified Japanese breast surgeons in August 2001. Surgeons were asked about their experiences regarding consultations about sexual issues, attitudes toward sex-related statements, and advice to a patient's hypothetical question on having sex after undergoing breast cancer treatment.Of the surveyed sample, 635 surgeons (50.3%) responded. Of these surgeons, 32.4% had been consulted about sexual issues by patients or families. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that female respondents (P < .01), respondents whose hospitals conduct a large number of breast cancer operations annually (P < .01), and respondents who agreed that "Surgeons have a professional responsibility to deal with patients' sexual issues" (P < .01) were significantly more likely to be consulted. Respondents who agreed that "If any sexual problem exists, patients will raise the topic before surgeons ask them" were less likely to be consulted (P < .05). Respondents' attitudes toward the sex-related statements showed that, although the majority recognized the importance of patients' sexuality-related concerns, they did not necessarily think that surgeons had a professional responsibility to deal with them. Regarding their advice in response to the question of "Are there any particular things to be careful about when having sex after surgery?", 32.8% answered "nothing in particular."This study shows that talking about sex-related topics is still repressed in patient-doctor encounters in Japan. It is an urgent matter to increase doctors' awareness and clinical skills to deal with patients' sexual issues.
Bacteria and the aetiology of cancer of the large bowel.
Authors: V Aries, J S Crowther, B S Drasar, M J Hill, R E Williams
Journal: Gut (1969)

Cancer of the large bowel shows marked variations in geographical distribution (Doll, 1967; Doll, Payne, and Waterhouse, 1966; Davis, Knowelden, and Wilson, 1965) and, with the exception of Japan, the disease is more prevalent in developed than in underdeveloped countries.The reason for this variation is not known but epidemiological evidence suggests that environmental factors may be involved.It is claimed that immigrants from areas with a low incidence of cancer of the large bowel tend to show the same high incidence of this cancer as the local population (Haenszel and Dawson, 1965; Buell and Dunn, 1965).Changes in dietary habit may be especially important (Wynder and Shigematsu, 1967;
The Effect of the New Federal Medical-Privacy Rule on Research
Authors: Jennifer Kulynych, David Korn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The American people generally support and encourage medical research, but they also place a high priority on the privacy of personal medical information. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 imposed new restraints on the use of medical information, with the intent of protecting patients' privacy. A side effect of the act is its application to clinical research. In a Legal Issues in Medicine article, Annas discusses the legal underpinnings and implications of the act, and in a Sounding Board article, Kulynych and Korn argue that the act will make the conduct of clinical research more burdensome and costly.
Hematologic Data on Healthy Very Old People
Authors: Leo Lowbeer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As the author of the first article on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in old age,<sup>1</sup>I was gratified to have my observations later confirmed, most recently some 58 years later by Zauber and Zauber.<sup>2</sup>Assuming—correctly—that the ESR in healthy individuals up to the age of 50 years is 4 ± 2 mm/h for men and 10 ± 6 mm/h for women (Westergren method), they found the average ESR in healthy individuals 84 to 98 years of age to be 12 ± 9 mm/h for men and 20 ± 11 mm/h for women. These values compare well with my own values<sup>1</sup>and those of Boyd and Hoffbrand<sup>3</sup>and Böttiger and Svedberg,<sup>4</sup>as well as with those of Wilhelm and Tillisch (reference 26 in the article by Zauber and Zauber) and Sharland (reference 27 in the article by Zauber and Zauber). The only article
COX2 in CNS neural cells mediates mechanical inflammatory pain hypersensitivity in mice
Authors: Daniel Vardeh, Dairong Wang, Michael Costigan, Michael Lazarus, Clifford B. Saper, Clifford J. Woolf, Garret A. FitzGerald, Tarek A. Samad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

A cardinal feature of peripheral inflammation is pain. The most common way of managing inflammatory pain is to use nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAIDs) that reduce prostanoid production, for example, selective inhibitors of COX2. Prostaglandins produced after induction of COX2 in immune cells in inflamed tissue contribute both to the inflammation itself and to pain hypersensitivity, acting on peripheral terminals of nociceptors. COX2 is also induced after peripheral inflammation in neurons in the CNS, where it aids in developing a central component of inflammatory pain hypersensitivity by increasing neuronal excitation and reducing inhibition. We engineered mice with conditional deletion of Cox2 in neurons and glial cells to determine the relative contribution of peripheral and central COX2 to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. In these mice, basal nociceptive pain was unchanged, as was the extent of peripheral inflammation, inflammatory thermal pain hypersensitivity, and fever induced by lipopolysaccharide. By contrast, peripheral inflammation–induced COX2 expression in the spinal cord was reduced, and mechanical hypersensitivity after both peripheral soft tissue and periarticular inflammation was abolished. Mechanical pain is a major symptom of most inflammatory conditions, such as postoperative pain and arthritis, and induction of COX2 in neural cells in the CNS seems to contribute to this.
Cognitive and Motor Function in Long-Duration<i>PARKIN</i>-Associated Parkinson Disease
Authors: Roy N. Alcalay, Elise Caccappolo, Helen Mejia-Santana, Ming Xin Tang, Llency Rosado, Martha Orbe Reilly, Diana Ruiz, Elan D. Louis, Cynthia L. Comella, Martha A. Nance, Susan B. Bressman, William K. Scott, Caroline M. Tanner, Susan F. Mickel, Cheryl H. Waters, Stanley Fahn, Lucien J. Cote, Steven J. Frucht, Blair Ford, Michael Rezak, Kevin E. Novak, Joseph H. Friedman, Ronald F. Pfeiffer, Laura Marsh, Bradley Hiner, Haydeh Payami, Eric Molho, Stewart A. Factor, John G. Nutt, Carmen Serrano, Maritza Arroyo, Ruth Ottman, Michael W. Pauciulo, William C. Nichols, Lorraine N. Clark, Karen S. Marder
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Data on the long-term cognitive outcomes of patients with PARKIN-associated Parkinson disease (PD) are unknown but may be useful when counseling these patients. Among patients with early-onset PD of long duration, we assessed cognitive and motor performances, comparing homozygotes and compound heterozygotes who carry 2 PARKIN mutations with noncarriers. Cross-sectional study of 44 participants at 17 different movement disorder centers who were in the Consortium on Risk for Early-Onset PD study with a duration of PD greater than the median duration (>14 years): 4 homozygotes and 17 compound heterozygotes (hereafter referred to as carriers) and 23 noncarriers. Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS-III) and Clinical Dementia Rating scores and neuropsychological performance. Linear regression models were applied to assess the association between PARKIN mutation status and cognitive domain scores and UPDRS-III scores. Models were adjusted for age, education, disease duration, language, and levodopa equivalent daily dose. Carriers had an earlier age at onset of PD (P < .001) and were younger (P = .004) at time of examination than noncarriers. They performed better than noncarriers on the Mini-Mental State Examination (P = .010) and were more likely to receive lower scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating (P = .003). In multivariate analyses, carriers performed better than noncarriers on the UPDRS-III (P = .02) and on tests of attention (P = .03), memory (P = .03), and visuospatial (P = .02) cognitive domains. In cross-sectional analyses, carriers demonstrated better cognitive and motor performance than did noncarriers with long disease duration, suggesting slower disease progression. A longitudinal follow-up study is required to confirm these findings.
TWO CASES OF VIOLENT INFLAMMATION OF THE PENIS, CAUSED BY CONSTRICTION WITH STEEL RINGS
Authors: S. T. Chadwick
Journal: BMJ (1853)

Nov. 18, small intestines, was found vascular; and there was slight serous effusion into the abdominal cavity, with a few flakes of lymph.The vagina and cervix uteri were healthy; the at of the polypus showed only a slight projection-no in- flammation nor ulceration.The body of the uterus was greatly hypertrophied, weighing 24 lbs., with several nodules of various sizes projecting from its surface.There was a small pendant polypus within the cervix, about an inch in length; and, on laying open the cavity of the uterus, a larger one was seen hanging from the fundus, 2i or 3 inches in length.The peduncles were pale, but the bulbous heads purple and flaccid, as if composed of turgid vessels.A question arose as to the malignancy of the tumours in the walls of the uterus; but the general opinion seemed to be, that they were fibrous and non-malignant.They were perfectly smooth, almost globular, and slightly elastic to the passage of the knife, the section giving a distinct fibrous appearance.DISEASES OFP TE CUTANEOUS SYSTEM.
Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of a twice daily regimen of epicillin capsules for the treatment of skin infections
Authors: M. EL-ZAWAHRY, ABBAS ABDEL AZIZ, MOHSEN SOLIMAN, S. SHOEIB, S.S. TADROS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Fifty-five patients with impetigo, ecthyma, or folliculitis caused by epicillin-sensitive strains of Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus were treated with 500 mg epicillin capsules twice daily for an average duration of 9 days. Bacteriological and clinical examinations were performed at 2-day intervals. Favourable clinical responses (excellent or good) were obtained in 95% of the patients. No side effects were observed.
Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis
Authors: Stanley Stellar
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In an editorial, "Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis" (1982;247:337) by Sam U. Ho, MD, and Donald H. Harter, MD, the statement was made that, "In fact, the risk of subjecting a sick patient to general anesthesia and craniotomy for brain biopsy is far greater than the five extra days of fluid overload." In actual fact, as an operating neurosurgeon with considerable experience taking brain biopsies in very sick patients suffering from a number of different diseases,<sup>1-4</sup>I can testify to the erroneous emphasis in that statement. In particular, I refer to the words, "far greater," and also to the assumption that "general anesthesia" is necessary. Biopsies are easily done through a small burr hole with virtually no risk whatever, even if more than one location must be used. Removal of small amounts of tissue can be done without difficulty and without risk, even when subsurface material is required.
Eisenmenger's Syndrome in Pregnancy: Epidural Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Section
Authors: Joseph A. Spinnato, Barry J. Kraynack, M. Wayne Cooper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

THE maternal mortality rate associated with cesarean section in the presence of Eisenmenger's syndrome1 is 66.7 per cent.2 3 4 5 We report the successful management of a pregnant patient with the syndrome, whose child was delivered by elective cesarean section conducted under continuous epidural anesthesia.Case ReportA 19-year-old woman 157 cm tall and weighing 59 kg was referred to us at 22 weeks' gestation. Catheterization performed when the patient was 10 months old had demonstrated the atrial-septal defect, agenesis of the right pulmonary artery, and pulmonary hypertension. She refused therapeutic abortion. She reported fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. Her . . .
Retropharyngeal Soft-Tissue Swelling in an Elderly Man
Authors: Russell D. Yang
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>History</h3> One week prior to hospitalization, a 78-year-old man experienced the insidious onset of anterior neck pain, sore throat, dysphagia, hoarseness, headache, and scalp pain. Generalized weakness, confusion, and an unsteady gait prompted his presentation. Prednisone (20 mg daily) had been prescribed three months earlier for refractory anemia without excessive normoblasts. Physical examination on admission revealed a diaphoretic, toxic-appearing elderly man with a temperature of 39.6 °C, a pulse rate of 128 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 34/min, and a blood pressure of 136/86 mm Hg. The patient resisted passive flexion of the neck. The thyroid gland was asymmetrically enlarged, with predominance of the right lobe, and was nonfluctuant and exquisitely tender. The teeth were severely carious. Hyperdynamic circulation and an apical systolic heart murmur were present. The patient had no splenomegaly or palpable lymphadenopathy. The remainder of the results of the physical examination were normal. The findings
Presence of Extensive LV Remodeling Limits the Benefits of CRT in Patients With Intraventricular Dyssynchrony
Authors: Erberto Carluccio, Paolo Biagioli, Gianfranco Alunni, Adriano Murrone, Paola Pantano, Emilia Biscottini, Cinzia Zuchi, Gianluca Zingarini, Claudio Cavallini, Giuseppe Ambrosio
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Spectacular Bone Scintigraphy and Transverse SPECT Images in Primary Osteosarcoma of the Pleura
Authors: ILSE MEEUS, DANIELLE GALDERMANS, JAN ROLAND, HANS SLABBYNCK, CHRISTA VAN SCHAARDENBURG, DIRK COOLEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 72-year-old man with a recently diagnosed prostatic carcinoma (pT2,NO,MO) underwent bone scintigraphy as part of his diagnostic workup. Intense increased tracer activity covered almost the entire left hemithorax. There were no other bony lesions. Computed tomography scan of the thorax revealed multiple calcifications on both the visceral and the parietal pleura. This osteoblastic activity was confirmed on SPECT images, taken through the left hemithorax. The histologic diagnosis revealed an extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma originating from the pleura.
Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The action of glucocorticoids on the proliferative response of human lymphocytes stimulated in vitro by MPPS has been investigated. The effect of Dex was dependent on the time of steroid addition to the cultures. Dex added at the beginning of the culture period inhibited, cell proliferation and IL 1/IL 2 synthesis, although not completely. However, a delayed addition of 24 to 48 hr resulted in an enhancing effect on cell proliferative responses that was maximal at day 4. The effect of Dex on T suppressor cell activity was then investigated. Dex added 1 day before the appearance of suppressor cells resulted in a marked decrease or disappearance of the suppressive activity. Moreover, primed T lymphocytes treated with Dex in the presence of exogenous IL 2 enhanced the proliferative responses of fresh autologous PBMC stimulated by MPPS. Taken together, our data suggest that glucocorticoids inhibit the differentiation of T suppressor cells and that IL 2 is unable to reverse this inhibitory effect.
Abstract 2261: Heat-shock and autophagy in cancer: Novel role for DGK iota
Authors: Buddhini N. Samarasinghe, Christina T. Wales, Aaron T. Jacobs
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Autophagy is a cellular process by which damaged proteins, protein aggregates, and organelles are sequestered by lysosome-like compartments and degraded. Autophagy contributes to quality control, cell death, and senescence. Defects in autophagy cause the accumulation of cellular damage, inhibit cell death processes, and promote an inflammatory state that facilitates tumor development. In contrast, the heat shock response, which is mediated primarily by the transcription factor, HSF1 is frequently enhanced in cancer. Despite this inverse relationship between autophagy and heat-shock in cancer, the direct influence of heat-shock and HSF1-mediated gene expression on autophagy has not been investigated. Our study suggests that heat-shock mediated gene expression suppresses autophagy in a human colorectal cancer cell line. Our data show that diacylglycerol kinase iota (DGK iota) expression is regulated by HSF1. DGK iota phosphorylates diacylglycerol, generating phosphatidic acid (PA), which is a potent suppressor of autophagy through its activation of the serine/threonine kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of HSF-1-mediated gene expression on autophagy, and to examine the specific contribution of DGK iota in this effect. We utilized RKO colorectal cancer cells for this investigation and assayed autophagy using complimentary techniques, including: conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, which was monitored by Western blot; and the formation of autophagic vesicles (autophagosomes), which were visualized by high-content screening confocal microscopy of cells harboring an LC3-GFP expression construct. The influence of basal and heat-shock (42°C)-simulated HSF1 activity on autophagy was analyzed using siRNA. Silencing of HSF1 led to a profound increase in autophagic markers, suggesting a role for HSF1-driven gene expression in the suppression of autophagy. In HSF1-deficient cells we also observed increased phosphorylation of p70S6K, which is a surrogate marker for mTOR activation. We confirmed that DGK iota mRNA and protein expression is mediated by HSF1. Using biochemical inhibitors of DGK activity, we observed a significant increase in autophagy, supporting our hypothesis that DGK iota participates in suppressing autophagy. Additional siRNA experiments of DGK iota are being performed to confirm this effect, along with measurements of cellular PA levels. Taken together, these results indicate an important role for HSF1 in the suppression of autophagy, and provides mechanistic insight into a potential, tumor-promoting role for DGK iota. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2261. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2261
The Effect of Left-Sided Heart Disease on Blood Flow Through the Lung Capillaries.
Authors: Grant de J. Lee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Effect of Left-Sided Heart Disease on Blood Flow Through the Lung Capillaries.Grant de J. Lee, F.R.C.P., Nicholas KaratzasGrant de J. Lee, F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Nicholas KaratzasSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1157_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLung capillary blood flow, using the N2O-body plethysmograph method, was measured simultaneously with pulmonary artery, pulmonary wedge, and left atrial pressures during routine cardiac catheterization to study changes in capillary flow due to alterations in pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous impedance. Normally the compliant arterial system stores up to 67% of the stroke volume during systole for delivery to the capillaries during diastole. In pulmonary arterial hypertension this is reduced, and the increased arteriolar resistance reduces the pulsatility of capillary flow. An inverse relationship between pulmonary arterial resistance and capillary pulsatility has been found. The pulmonary veins are even more... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oxford, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1157-1158KeywordsBlood flowCapillariesCatheterizationDiastoleLungsPulmonary arteriesPulmonary hypertensionStrokeSystoleVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Scintigraphic Demonstration of a Blind Loop Following Surgery for Crohn??s Disease???The Value of Tc-99m HMPAO White Cell Scanning
Authors: J P HUGHES, J I S FEES, P FACEY, D A ROBINSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Labelled white blood cell scans using Tc-99m HMPAO are rapidly replacing barium studies as the best method of assessing disease activity and extent in the follow-up of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The authors present a case of Crohn's disease in which a diseased blind loop of ileum, created by a previous surgical enteroenterostomy, was diagnosed solely by means of white blood cell imaging (due to its vascular pedicle). Barium studies were negative.