tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethnic differences in pain, itch and thermal detection in response to topical capsaicin: African Americans display a notably limited hyperalgesia and neurogenic inflammation
Authors: H. Wang, A.D.P. Papoiu, R.C. Coghill, T. Patel, N. Wang, G. Yosipovitch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Topical application of capsaicin commonly produces burning, stinging and itching as well as hyperalgesia to heat stimuli via activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1.To investigate whether there are differences in sensory response and neurogenic inflammation to topical capsaicin in four different ethnic populations with different skin types.The study was performed in 40 healthy subjects consisting of 10 African Americans, 10 East Asians, 10 Hispanics and 10 Caucasians. Warmth sensation and heat pain detection thresholds, as well as pain intensity, were measured before and after application of capsaicin or placebo on forearms along with skin blood flow and the extent of the flare reaction.In African Americans the heat pain detection threshold, pain intensity and skin blood flow did not change significantly after capsaicin application, while in the other three ethnic groups a significant change occurred characterized by hyperalgesia and vasodilatation. The postcapsaicin warmth sensation threshold increased in African Americans and decreased in Hispanics, the latter also uniquely experiencing postcapsaicin itch.Our observations indicate that African Americans display a limited hypersensitivity following topical capsaicin, compared with the three other ethnic groups.
Transient ST-segment in unstable angina. Clinical and hemodynamic significance.
Authors: G D Plotnick, C R Conti
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The significance of the direction of the ST-segment shifts on the 12-lead electrocardiogram was evaluated in 82 consecutive patients with unstable angina. Eighteen patients with ST-segment elevation (group I) were compared with 64 patients with ST-segment depression (group II). There was no difference between group I and group II with regard to age, sex, or history of previous myocardial infarction. There also was no difference in the angiographic extent, location or severity of the coronary artery disease, collaterals, or resting hemodynamics. A larger proportion of patients in group I presented with recent onset angina. Life-threatening arrhythmias were more frequent in group I but were uncommon in both groups. A normal resting electrocardiogram was associated with normal ventricular function in both group I and group II but was associated with single vessel disease only in group I. An abnormal resting electrocardiogram was associated with multiple coronary vessel disease and abnormal ventricular function in both groups. Single vessel disease was encountered twice as frequently in group I but this difference was not statistically significant. Left main coronary artery disease was found only in group II.
Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy Treated with Oral Lactose in a Patient with Lactose Malabsorption
Authors: J. D. Welsh, D. Cassidy, G. P. Prigatano, C. G. Gunn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

LACTULOSE has been used successfully in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.1 It appears that oral lactulose, by producing a disaccharide malabsorption, makes the intraluminal gut pH more acid, decreasing the absorption of ammonia from the gut.2 Since lactulose is not available in this country for routine clinical use,3 we suggested the use of oral lactose in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy if the patient has lactose malabsorption.4 If such treatment is successful, it will have worldwide application since 70 to 75 per cent of American blacks, 80 per cent of American Indians, 95 to 100 per cent of Orientals, 50 . . .
Comparison of Dietary Calcium with Supplemental Calcium and Other Nutrients as Factors Affecting the Risk for Kidney Stones in Women
Authors: Gary C. Curhan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Calcium intake is believed to play an important role in the formation of kidney stones, but data on the risk factors for stone formation in women are limited.To examine the association between intake of dietary and supplemental calcium and the risk for kidney stones in women.Prospective cohort study with 12-year follow-up.Several U.S. states.91,731 women participating in the Nurses' Health Study I who were 34 to 59 years of age in 1980 and had no history of kidney stones.Self-administered food-frequency questionnaires were used to assess diet in 1980, 1984, 1986, and 1990. The main outcome measure was incident symptomatic kidney stones.During 903,849 person-years of follow-up, 864 cases of kidney stones were documented. After adjustment for potential risk factors, intake of dietary calcium was inversely associated with risk for kidney stones and intake of supplemental calcium was positively associated with risk. The relative risk for stone formation in women in the highest quintile of dietary calcium intake compared with women in the lowest quintile was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.83). The relative risk in women who took supplemental calcium compared with women who did not was 1.20 (CI, 1.02 to 1.41). In 67% of women who took supplemental calcium, the calcium either was not consumed with a meal or was consumed with meals whose oxalate content was probably low. Other dietary factors showed the following relative risks among women in the highest quintile of intake compared with those in the lowest quintile: sucrose, 1.52 (CI, 1.18 to 1.96); sodium, 1.30 (CI, 1.05 to 1.62); fluid, 0.61 (CI, 0.48 to 0.78); and potassium, 0.65 (CI, 0.51 to 0.84).High intake of dietary calcium appears to decrease risk for symptomatic kidney stones, whereas intake of supplemental calcium may increase risk. Because dietary calcium reduces the absorption of oxalate, the apparently different effects caused by the type of calcium may be associated with the timing of calcium ingestion relative to the amount of oxalate consumed. However, other factors present in dairy products (the major source of dietary calcium) could be responsible for the decreased risk seen with dietary calcium.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER DRUG-ELUTING STENTS VERSUS DURABLE POLYMER SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A POOLED ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATA FROM THE ISAR-TEST 4 AND LEADERS RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Giulio G. Stefanini, Robert Byrne, Patrick Serruys, Antoinette de Waha, Bernhard Meier, Steffen Massberg, Peter Juni, Adnan Kastrati, Stephan Windecker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Assessment of Laboratory Quality in Urine Drug Testing
Authors: Kenneth H. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1988)

As part of a program to develop accreditation guidelines for urine drug testing laboratories, a pilot study for proficiency testing was conducted. Fifty civilian, commercial laboratories were included on a voluntary basis. Drug-free urine specimens were collected and either fortified with commonly abused drugs at concentrations comparable to casual use or submitted unfortified to participating laboratories as blanks. Samples were submitted on both an open and blind basis to the laboratories. Laboratory performance on open proficiency testing was comparable with that reported in existing proficiency testing programs. Blind proficiency testing produced less accurate results in terms of apparent false-negatives, but significant difficulties were evident in carrying out blind testing and in comparing its results with those of open testing. Specific problems have been identified to guide future programs. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:1749-1754)
Predicting the development of clinical arthritis in anti-CCP positive individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal symptoms: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: C Rakieh, J L Nam, L Hunt, E M A Hensor, S Das, L-A Bissell, E Villeneuve, D McGonagle, R Hodgson, A Grainger, R J Wakefield, P G Conaghan, P Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

To monitor progression to inflammatory arthritis (IA) in individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms and positive anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. To develop a pragmatic model to predict development of IA in this patient group.In this prospective observational cohort, patients with new non-specific MSK symptoms and positive anti-CCP were recruited from regional primary care and secondary care referrals. Clinical, imaging and serological parameters were assessed at baseline. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of progression to IA and develop a risk score to stratify patients at presentation.100 consecutive patients (73 women, mean age 51 years) were followed up for median 19.8 months (range 0.1-69.0); 50 developed IA after a median 7.9 months (range 0.1-52.4), 34 within 12 months. The majority (43/50) fulfilled the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. A model for progression to IA was devised using four variables: tenderness of hand or foot joints, early morning stiffness ≥30 min, high-positive autoantibodies, and positive ultrasonographic power Doppler signal. None of the five individuals at low risk (score 0) progressed to IA, compared with 31% of 29 at moderate risk (1-2) and 62% of 66 at high risk (≥3). Adding shared epitope increased the number at low risk (score 0-1; 0/11 progressed).In patients presenting with non-specific MSK symptoms and anti-CCP, the risk of progression to IA could be quantified using data available in clinical practice. The proposed risk score may be used to stratify patients for early therapeutic intervention.NCT02012764 at ClinicalTrials.gov.
1023-114 Long-term Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction with Amiodarone
Authors: Leszek Ceremuzyński, Andrzej Budaj, Wanda śmielak-Korombel, Jerzy Kuch, Maria Krzemińska-Pakula, Janusz Maciejewicz, Edmund Nartowicz, Teresa Zaleska, Andrzej Dyduszyński, Piotr Kokowicz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Ligands of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Family as Serum Biomarkers for Response to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Marieke A. Vollebergh, Ingrid Kappers, Houke M. Klomp, Johanna C. Buning-Kager, Catharina M. Korse, Michael Hauptmann, Karin E. de Visser, Michel M. van den Heuvel, Sabine C. Linn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: A Clinical Syndrome Approach
Authors: Stanley J. Birnbaum
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This useful volume is part of a series of books on reproductive medicine that would ideally "span the Atlantic Ocean." This series was designed to have authors or editors from both Europe and the United States to encourage academic discussion of different points of view. Instead, this book is essentially a product of the Ohio State University College of Medicine with several excellent contributors from outside the United States. The book's presentation is a little different from the standard textbook approach to sexually transmitted diseases. Instead of a detailed study of each disease entity, the book is organized into "syndromes" such as urethritis syndrome and cervicitis syndrome, and the various diseases are discussed as part of their differential diagnosis. Before the specific syndrome chapters, there is a discussion of the basic anatomy and physiology of both the male and female genital tracts. The anatomy portion of this chapter is indeed
Metastatic Crohn's disease of thigh and forearm.
Authors: J H Tweedie, B G McCann
Journal: Gut (1984)

Cutaneous involvement with Crohn9s disease at a site separated from the gastrointestinal tract by normal skin is termed metastatic Crohn9s disease. Such a complication is extremely rare and previous reports have emphasised the flexural distribution of the ulcerated lesions. We report a patient who developed Crohn9s disease involving the skin of the thigh and forearm several months after a panproctocolectomy for colorectal Crohn9s disease.
Pleural Mesothelioma: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: SEWA S. LEGHA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

A detailed review of the literature was done to define the epidemiology, pathology, clinical features, and treatment of pleural mesothelioma. It appears that pleural mesothelioma accounts for approximately 400 deaths each year in the United States. Asbestos has been definitely implicated in the etiology of this disease. The common clinical features include chest pain, pleural effusion, and radiologic findings of irregular pleural thickening or pleural densities. Therapeutic modalities used in the past have included surgery, radiation therapy, and, more recently, chemotherapy. A combined modality approach to treatment appears more promising.
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF ENURESIS
Authors: SAMUEL AMBERG
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The salient features of enuresis in childhood are said to be that it constitutes a functional disturbance, which, in most cases, ceases of its own accord during the time of the development from the bisexual state to complete sexual maturity. In a number of instances, perhaps not quite so infrequently as is generally believed, it may persist longer. During childhood, the position of the bladder changes. The vascular and nervous supply of the urinary and genital system make their relationship one of more than mere position, and so it would not be strange if the development and function of one exercised some influence on the other. Guyon,<sup>1</sup>at any rate, emphasized the venous engorgement of the sexual organs on distention of the bladder. Read,<sup>2</sup>as well as McNeal,<sup>3</sup>has shown a relationship between the sexual glands of the male and the creatin excretion. I have found such
TCT-393 Relation between the SYNTAX score and culprit vessel vulnerability in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome-An optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Kenichiro Saka, Kiyoshi Hibi, Jyun Okuda, Ken Kozuma, Nobuhiko Maejima, Kengo Tsukahara, Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Toxicity and therapy of cisplatin-loaded EGF modified mPEG-PLGA-PLL nanoparticles for SKOV3 cancer in mice
Authors: Yunfei Wang, Peifeng Liu, Lihua Qiu, Ying Sun, Mingjie Zhu, Liying Gu, Wen Di, Yourong Duan
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
Authors: C. E. Schorer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The author, a gynecologist, is well known as an enthusiastic and knowledgeable practitioner of hypnosis. His book rides the crest of another wave of popularity which has in the last several years brought with it numerous books and the legitimization of hypnosis in the medical curriculum by the 1961 recommendation of the AMA Council on Mental Health. The first part of the book gives detailed descriptions of the phenomena and techniques of hypnosis. The last two thirds apply these techniques to nearly every specialty in medicine, surgery, and dentistry, and to the treatment of a wide variety of disorders. This in itself testifies to the author's zeal, which is further manifested by his ranging far afield to bring in newer ideas of neurophysiology and cybernetics, and learning theory. He has attempted to integrate all this and persuade the reader that hypnotism is a rational practice based on the subject's readiness
THE RELATION OF FOREIGN SUBSTANCES TO THE HUMAN BODY
Authors: G. G. Bruce
Journal: BMJ (1931)

HUMAN BODY * surfaces the hide of a dog or bear.The subject must be rendered mute by destruction of the vocal cords, made to BY use all fours in walking, and must be submitted to such degradation as to blight all reason.The process is so severethat only one in five survive.A " Wild Boy," exhibited SUJRGEON, ROYAL ABERD)EEN HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN; ASSISTANT in Kiange, had the entire skin of a dog substituted an(d SURGEON, ABERDEEN ROYAL INFIRMARY walked on all fours.It was found that he had been kidnapped, and his proprietor was decapitated on the spot.Man is constantly beset by dangers from cold and storm,The Papuans of Dutch South Guinea have a peculiar by pathogenic organisms, and by the impaction of moving custom of fastening into the muscles of the right arm 'Harlow%: Boston Mled.and Snrg.joburnz., 1848.
SENTinel Node Biopsy before or after NeoAdjuvant Systemic Treatment – The German SENTINA Trial.
Authors: T. Kuehn, I. Bauerfeind, T. Fehm, B. Fleige, G. Helms, C. Liedtke, M. Mai, G. von Minckwitz, A. Staebler, M. Untch
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: For patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) the optimal timing of sentinel node biopsy (SLNB) is unclear. While adequate axillary staging prior to NST could allow for a-priori tailoring of systemic treatment, SLNB after NST could spare those patients from complete axillary dissection (AD), who are free of metastases in the axilla or convert from a positive (Npos) to a negative (Nneg) axillary status following NST. For these patients, however, the reliability of SLNB to predict the axillary status remains yet to be prospectively confirmed.Material and Methods: The German SENTINA protocol, as a substudy of the German Geparquinto neoadjuvant trial of the AGO and the German Breast Group (GBG), is a 4-arm prospective multicenter case control study designed to examine the role of SLN in patients undergoing NST.Study design:Arm A before NST: clinically Nneg + negative SLN --&amp;gt; no add. Axillary surgery Arm B before NST: clinically Nneg + positive SLN --&amp;gt; sentinel-node-guided AD after NST Arm C before NST: clinically Npos, after NST: clinically Nneg --&amp;gt; sentinel-node-guided AD after NST Arm D before NST: clinically Npos, after NST: clinically Npos --&amp;gt; ADStudy objectives:1. to compare the detection rate of SLNB before and after NST2. to evaluate the number of patients with involved nodes despite being clinically Nneg before NST3. to determine the number of patients who convert from clinically Npos to histologically Nneg after NST4. to evaluate the false-negative rate of SNB for patients who convert from clinically Npos to histologically SNneg after NST5. to determine lymphatic pathway configuration, detection rate and false-negative rate of SLNB after prior SLNB6. to determine the false negative rate of intraoperative frozen section before and after NSTResults: Until now 366 patients from 30 institutions have been enrolled in this trial. 230 patients have completed primary systemic and surgical treatment. A total of 1508 patients were calculated as adequate to have the one-sided confidence interval of 95 % for the false negative rate of SLNB in the arms B and C not exceeding 10% (196 pts each). 82 pts entered arm A. Fifty-eight, 76 and 24 pts were recruited for the arms B, C and D respectively.Conclusion: To our knowledge the SENTINA trial is the first prospective multicenter study to evaluate the role of SLNB in the neoadjuvant setting. The SENTINA protocol will allow for a direct comparison of the feasibility and reproducibility of a standardized SLNB-procedure before and after NST. The study will provide reliable data on the predictive value of SLNB before and after NST in patients converting from a clinically positive to a negative axillary status and offer insights into the biology of axillary response to NST. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1008.
Rubella Hemagglutination Inhibition Titers
Authors: Stephen R. Preblud
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  We would like to illustrate the desirability of having prenatal rubella serology specimens available for retesting (1981; 245:1647). 1   Report of a Case.—  On May 2, 1981, a 24-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0, abortus 0) was seen by her obstetrician at ten weeks' gestation. At that time, the patient was found to have a rubella hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer of less than 1:8. She had no history of a previous vaccination. Approximately eight weeks later the patient had another rubella HI determination as part of her hospital's routine employee rubella screening program. On Aug 3 the hospital-based laboratory reported back an HI titer of 1:32. The patient had no known recent exposure to rubella and had not experienced any rash.  Since the patient's HI titer of 1:32 was thought to be lower than that expected after a recent rubella infection (1981; 245:1647), a third serum specimen
Biological markers of alcohol intake among 4796 subjects injured in accidents.
Authors: L Papoz, J Weill, J L'Hoste, Y Chich, C Got, Y Goehrs
Journal: BMJ (1986)

An epidemiological survey was carried out in France in 1982-3 to study the proportions of occasional and chronic drinkers among people injured in accidents of all kinds. The characteristics of 4796 victims recruited in the emergency units of 21 hospitals were recorded. Systematic blood sampling was performed to determine the blood alcohol concentration and two markers of chronic alcohol consumption--gamma-glutamyltransferase activity and mean corpuscular volume. Alcohol was present in the blood of 35% of the injured people, with concentrations exceeding 17.4 mmol/l (0.8 g/l) in one man out of four and in one woman out of 10. gamma-Glutamyltransferase values and mean corpuscular volume were also much higher than in a reference population of healthy subjects, indicating that most of the intoxicated subjects were probably chronic drinkers. This was confirmed by a discriminant analysis which showed an overall proportion of 30% of chronic drinkers among casualties. In France, therefore, the policy for preventing accidents should focus on chronic as much as on occasional drinking.
Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated peripheral T‐Cell and NK‐Cell proliferative disease/lymphoma: clinicopathologic, serologic, and molecular analysis
Authors: Winyou Mitarnun, Supaporn Suwiwat, Jintana Pradutkanchana, Vannarat Saechan, Takafumi Ishida, Satomi Takao, Atsumi Mori
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Peripheral T‐cell proliferative disease/lymphoma is a group of diseases which exhibits heterogeneity in clinical manifestations, pathological findings and outcomes. They are highly associated with the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. It is likely that EBV plays an important role in the tumorigenesis. From January 1997 through April 2000, we identified 100 patients. One hundred healthy age‐ and sex‐ matched controls were selected. Serologic tests for the EBV infection and the study of EBV genomes in circulating non‐T cells (CD3 − cells), T cells (CD3 + cells), and T‐cell subsets (CD4 + and CD8 + cells) were performed. The main features were prolonged fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, multiorgan involvement, anemia, and high serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Fifty‐one patients had an aggressive course and died; median survival was 21 months. Chemotherapy was not effective in improving survival. Anti‐viral capsid antigen‐IgG and anti‐early antigen‐IgG were significantly elevated, whereas there was no significant difference in anti‐EBV nuclear antigen. EBV internal repeat‐1 region (IR‐1) in the peripheral blood CD3 + cells was detected in 65% of the patients but in none of the controls. For the CD3 − cells, EBV IR‐1 was detected in 88% of the patients and 50% of the controls. Among twenty‐five patients whose CD3 + cells were positive for EBV IR‐1, 6 (24%) showed EBV IR‐1 in only CD4 + cells, 6 (24%) in only CD8 + cells, and 13 (52%) in both CD4 + and CD8 + cells. The 30‐bp deletion variant of the EBV latent membrane protein‐1 gene was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls. These data support the chronic infective process. The EBV which is dormant in non‐T cells may infect T cells and contribute to the pathogenesis of disease in a select group of patients. Am. J. Hematol. 70:31–38, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.