tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rhabdomyolysis and Shock After Intravenous Amphetamine Administration
Authors: W. C. KENDRICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Five patients who had injected intravenous (i.v.) phenmetrazine or methamphetamine developed marked prostration resembling septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, and azotemia. Soon after injection, four noted chills, fever, sweats, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Within hours, they developed vomiting, myalgias, paresthesias, headache, and orthostasis. Cardiorespiratory arrest, accelerated bleeding, and noncardiac pulmonary edema were observed in one patient. From 4 to 11 litres of saline were required in the first 24 h to maintain blood pressure and urine output, suggesting that shock resulted from massive loss of intravascular volume into necrotic muscle. Recognition of this syndrome and treatment by aggressive volume replacement led to the recovery of all five patients.
Environmental considerations for the disposal of PBB-contaminated animals and wastes.
Authors: B P Shah
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Accidental contamination of livestock feed in 1973 by polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) led to the destruction of over 30,000 animals in Michigan. Animal carcasses of mostly dairy cattle along with some beef cattle, hogs, sheep and rabbits destroyed under the Federal Food and Drug Administration guidelines were disposed on the land at an environmentally safe site in Kalkaska County, Michigan. The geology and hydrology of the disposal site on state-owned land is considered favorable for the disposal of contaminated carcasses and to prevent any migration of PBBs into ground and surface waters of the area. Materials underneath the site are predominantly sand with layers of silts and clays of glacial origin. The vertical isolation from the surface to the water table is over 90 ft, and the horizontal isolation to the privately owned properties and surface water bodies is well over 1.5 mile in all directions. The site design provides necessary safeguards for minimizing surface water infiltration into disposal trenches and maximizing the protection to the environment. A series of water wells in the direction of flow are established for monitoring groundwater quality for years to come. A 40-acre Gratiot County landfill located near St. Louis, Michigan, has received 269,000 lb of wastes containing 60 to 70% PBBs between 1971 and 1973. PBB wastes are intermixed with general refuse at various depths predominantly in the eastern half of the landfill. Phase I of the hydrogeological investigation shows that the landfill is situated immediately above the groundwater aquifer and a divide. Recently drilled test wells show traces of PBBs in the aquifer in all directions. Additional studies are planned in the near future for corrective measures and monitoring.
New Light on Skin Cancer Mechanisms
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

AT THE TIME of year when as many Americans as possible are seeking as much exposure to the sun as possible, a group of dermatologists offers a medical slant on basking in its rays. Because light is essential to human life, it's no surprise that it plays a substantial role in health and disease. More than 25 diseases are caused or aggravated by sunlight—but light can also be an important therapeutic modality. Phototherapy for managing jaundice in premature newborns, light-based treatments for psoriasis, and light used to alleviate the gloom of seasonal affective disorder (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:2717-2720) are three examples. "Such approaches have revolutionized the treatment of some diseases," said Richard D. Granstein, MD, associate professor of dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, at a workshop on photobiology held in June during the annual meeting of the American Society for Photobiology in Washington, DC. The deleterious effects of sunlight include cataracts,
Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Pete Jones
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Ectopic Pregnancy and Reproductive Technology"<sup>1</sup>in the March 25 issue ofTHE JOURNALindicates a decline in the proportion of cases of salpingitis caused by<i>Neisseria gonorrhea</i>, citing a current culture rate of less than 30% of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. These figures seem low in light of the 54% culture rate reported in recent articles.<sup>2</sup>I agree with the conclusion that chlamydia has emerged as an increasingly prevalent cause of tubal pregnancy. Anatomic changes with<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>infection include hypertrophy and engorgement of the vaginal walls and an increase in glycogen content of the vaginal epithelium. These changes may predispose to secondary infection with<i>Escherichia coli</i>or<i>Bacterioides fragilis</i>.<sup>2</sup>Ascending infection can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes and an increase in ectopic pregnancy rates. I agree with the authors that chlamydiae are unlikely to be eradicated unless
Validation of the simplified criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis in Chinese patients
Authors: Dekai Qiu, Qixia Wang, Hui Wang, Qing Xie, Guoqing Zang, Hong Jiang, Chuantao Tu, Jinsheng Guo, Shuncai Zhang, Jianshe Wang, Yi Lu, Ying Han, Lei Shen, Xiaoyu Chen, Xiqi Hu, Xiaojin Wang, Chengwei Chen, Qingchun Fu, Xiong Ma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Pathology of cytoskeleton of liver cells: Demonstration of mallory bodies (alcoholic hyalin) in murine and human hepatocytes by immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies to cytokeratin polypeptides from hepatocytes
Authors: Helmut Denk, Werner W. Franke, Brigitte Dragosics, Ingrid Zeiler
Journal: Hepatology (1981)

A cytoskeleton fraction enriched in intermediate-sized filaments and resistant to high and low salt buffer containing Triton X-100 was prepared from dissociated mouse liver cells and mouse liver homogenates. One-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a family of polypeptides in the relative molecular weight (Mr) range from 41,000 to 55,000, with two polypeptides (component A, Mr 55,000; component D, Mr 48,000) as major constituents. Antibodies to isolated cytokeratin components of lower molecular weights (48,000 and 45,000 to 41,000) decorated, in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, a distinct cytoplasmic filament meshwork in hepatocytes of various species whereas antibodies to higher molecular weight components were less or even not effective. The antibodies also reacted with cytokeratin filaments present in epithelial cells of various other organs and species, confirming the widespread occurrence of immunologically related cytokeratin filaments in epithelial tissues. The antibodies to higher molecular weight components showed a higher affinity to cytokeratin filaments of epidermis, stratified epithelia, and myoepithelial cells compared to epithelial cells of other organs, including small intestinal crypt epithelium and secretory cells of the submandibular gland. These observations further support the biochemical and immunologic heterogeneity in the cytokeratin family. Mallory bodies (MBs) present in murine and human livers specifically reacted not only with antibodies to lower molecular weight polypeptides, but also even more so with antibodies to higher molecular weight components, indicating (i) the relatedness of MB material to hepatocyte cytokeratin, and (ii) differences of exposed antigenic determinants of cytokeratin(s) during MB development. In polypeptide composition, MB material differed from hepatocyte cytokeratin by polypeptides of molecular weights in the range of 55,000 to 66,000, which is more reminiscent of the pattern of epidermal cytokeratin. The development of MBs was associated with severe derangement of the cytokeratin filament meshwork in the affected hepatocytes, as revealed by immunofluorescence microscopy, indicating that cytoskeletal material progressively coalesced and was incorporated into MBs. The results present the first demonstration of the hepatocyte cytokeratin meshwork and an example of a pathologic change of this structure. The observations suggest that liver disorders associated with MB development can be regarded as cytoskeleton diseases.
Restoration of normal membrane stability to unstable protein 4.1-deficient erythrocyte membranes by incorporation of purified protein 4.1.
Authors: Y Takakuwa, G Tchernia, M Rossi, M Benabadji, N Mohandas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Protein 4.1, a principal component of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton, is thought to be important in regulating membrane stability through its interaction with spectrin and actin. A key role for protein 4.1 has been indicated in studies in which deficiency of this protein was shown to result in marked instability of the membrane. In order to obtain direct evidence for the functional role of protein 4.1, we reconstituted protein 4.1-deficient membranes with purified protein 4.1 and showed restoration of membrane stability. Erythrocyte membranes totally and partially deficient in protein 4.1 were reconstituted by exchange hemolysis with various concentrations of purified protein 4.1, and their stability measured using an ektacytometer. Native erythrocyte membranes totally deficient in protein 4.1 were markedly unstable, while those partially deficient had intermediate reductions in membrane stability. Reconstitution with increasing concentrations of purified protein 4.1 resulted in progressive restoration of membrane stability. Near-normal membrane stability could be restored to both totally and partially protein 4.1-deficient membranes. In contrast, the addition of protein 4.1 to resealed membranes did not improve membrane stability. This implies that the added protein 4.1 must have access to the cell interior in order to affect membrane stability. Furthermore, in control experiments, the addition of protein 4.1 to normal membranes did not increase their stability. Also, the addition of purified spectrin and human serum albumin during resealing did not improve stability of protein 4.1-deficient membranes. These results provide direct evidence for the crucial role of protein 4.1 in regulating erythrocyte membrane stability.
Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in Men with Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: DAVID H. MARTIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 9 of 19 men with acute, nondiarrheal Reiter's syndrome who had not recently taken antibiotics. None of 8 untreated men with other forms of arthritis were infected with this organism. Chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibody titers and cellular immune responses were positive significantly more often in 35 treated and untreated men with acute, nondiarrheal Reiter's syndrome than in 7 men with diarrhea-associated Reiter's syndrome and 8 men with other forms of arthritis. Mean peak chlamydial antibody titers and mean lymphocyte transformation stimulation indices were significantly higher in C. trachomatis-infected men with Reiter's syndrome than in C. trachomatis-infected men with uncomplicated nongonococcal urethritis. We concluded that C. trachomatis is capable of "triggering" Reiter's syndrome in susceptible men and that an exaggerated immune response to this organism may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Human dermatophilosis mimicking ringworm
Authors: M. Harman, S. Sekin, S. Akdeniz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Sir, Dermatophilosis is a contagious zoonotic skin infection caused by Dermatophilus congolensis, a Gram‐positive facultative anaerobic actinomycete. D. congolensis infections are world‐wide in distribution and are common in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, deer and other domesticated and wild animals.1–3 They are characterized by an exudative dermatitis that is followed by the formation of scabs, crusts and alopecia.1,4 A survey of the literature revealed that the organism rarely causes human infections. Human infections reported previously were traced to contact with infected animals.2,3, 5 We report D. congolensis infection clinically resembling ringworm in a 44‐year‐old veterinarian with a known history of relevant contact. A 44‐year‐old man presented to the dermatology department with a 10‐day history of a slowly enlarging, crusted, scaly, erythematous oval lesion on the dorsum of his right hand. Symptoms were mild itching and burning; he was otherwise well and had no personal or family history of note except that he was a veterinarian and described contact with infected sheep and goats. Physical examination revealed a crusted, scaly, erythematous oval lesion 1·5 × 2·5 cm in size. The lesion was slightly elevated, particularly at the border, where it was more inflamed and crusted than at the central part (Fig. 1).
Kv7 channels critically determine coronary artery reactivity: left-right differences and down-regulation by hyperglycaemia
Authors: D. Morales-Cano, L. Moreno, B. Barreira, R. Pandolfi, V. Chamorro, R. Jimenez, E. Villamor, J. Duarte, F. Perez-Vizcaino, A. Cogolludo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

Voltage-gated potassium channels encoded by KCNQ genes (Kv7 channels) are emerging as important regulators of vascular tone. In this study, we analysed the contribution of Kv7 channels to the vasodilation induced by hypoxia and the cyclic AMP pathway in the coronary circulation. We also assessed their regional distribution and possible impairment by diabetes. We examined the effects of Kv7 channel modulators on K+ currents and vascular reactivity in rat left and right coronary arteries (LCAs and RCAs, respectively). Currents from LCA were more sensitive to Kv7 channel inhibitors (XE991, linopirdine) and activators (flupirtine, retigabine) than those from RCA. Accordingly, LCAs were more sensitive than RCAs to the relaxation induced by Kv7 channel enhancers. Likewise, relaxation induced by the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin and hypoxia, which were mediated through Kv7 channel activation, were greater in LCA than in RCA. KCNQ1 and KCNQ5 expression was markedly higher in LCA than in RCA. After incubation with high glucose (HG, 30 mmol/L), myocytes from LCA, but not from RCA, were more depolarized and showed reduced Kv7 currents. In HG-incubated LCA, the effects of Kv7 channel modulators and forskolin were diminished, and the expression of KCNQ1 and KCNQ5 was reduced. Finally, vascular responses induced by Kv7 channel modulators were impaired in LCA, but not in RCA, from type 1 diabetic rats. Our results reveal that the high expression and function of Kv7 channels in the LCA and their down-regulation by diabetes critically determine the sensitivity to key regulators of coronary tone.
The effect of metabolic substrate on mechanical activity and heat production in papillary muscle
Authors: J. B. CHAPMAN, C. L. GIBBS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article The effect of metabolic substrate on mechanical activity and heat production in papillary muscle Get access J. BRIAN CHAPMAN, J. BRIAN CHAPMAN From the Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar COLIN L. GIBBS COLIN L. GIBBS From the Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 5, September 1974, Pages 656–667, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.5.656 Published: 01 September 1974
Reserpine and Breast Cancer
Authors: Darwin R. Labarthe, W. Michael O'Fallon
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To supplement several case-control studies questioning whether use of reserpine is associated with occurrence of breast cancer, we conducted a longitudinal study of nearly 2,000 hypertensive women residing in Rochester, Minn. Exposure to antihypertensive agents and subsequent incidence of breast cancer were ascertained. Expected numbers of cases, derived from local population data and from the Connecticut Tumor Registry, were compared with the numbers of cases observed in exposure groups of interest. No evidence was found of any association of reserpine use, thiazide use, or untreated hypertension with subsequent occurrence of breast cancer in these hypertensive women. In addition, several issues were investigated that warrant consideration in evaluating reports published to date, especially before conclusions are drawn as to the questionable contention that reserpine has caused breast cancer in women. (<i>JAMA</i>243:2304-2310, 1980)
Risks and Benefits of Importing Prescription Medications From Lower-Income Countries
Authors: I. A. Dhalla, A. S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comment on: Aeberli et al. Moderate Amounts of Fructose Consumption Impair Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Young Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2013;36:150–156
Authors: John S. White
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

A recent article by Aeberli et al. (1) concluded that moderate amounts of fructose and sucrose “clearly” and significantly alter hepatic insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism compared with glucose. The authors’ data do not support their conclusions, however, due to experimental design limitations, data variability, and undemonstrated clinical significance at moderate fructose doses.

First, the authors properly reported baseline daily intake data for energy, sugars, and fibers in Table 3 of ref. 1 but neglected to do so for the crux of the article—the metabolic markers and measures of glucose metabolism reported in Tables 1 and 2 of ref. 1. Although the authors noted this limitation, as well as the short duration of the intervention (3 weeks), …
Paradoxical Embolism — Thrombus in a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Marcus Dörr, Astrid Hummel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

An 85-year-old woman was admitted with progressive dyspnea and chest pain that had started suddenly 2 days earlier. Physical examination revealed formerly undiagnosed atrial fibrillation with a normal heart rate and normal blood pressure. Examination of the lungs did not show any pathological findings. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed on spiral computed tomography (Panel A, sagittal reconstruction), which showed intraluminal filling defects (arrows) and total occlusions of the upper and lower segmental arteries by clots (arrowheads). Duplex ultrasonography revealed an underlying deep-vein thrombosis of the right superficial femoral vein. Transthoracic echocardiography showed typical signs of moderate right heart strain. Anticoagulation therapy . . .
"Purinergic" Neurotransmitters in the Esophagus?
Authors: DAVID J. DE CARLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 February 1976"Purinergic" Neurotransmitters in the Esophagus?DAVID J. DE CARLE, M.B., JAMES CHRISTENSEN, M.D.DAVID J. DE CARLE, M.B.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES CHRISTENSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-2-220 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Castell, in his recent review of lower esophageal sphincter physiology and disease (1), pointed out that relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter is mediated by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerves. He repeated the suggestion of others that the inhibition is via the "purinergic nervous system," and that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) may be the neurotransmitter involved (1).The evidence that purines act as neurotransmitters in the gastrointestinal tract is derived almost entirely from studies using the guinea pig taenia coli (2). There is no evidence to support adenosine triphosphate or other purines as eurotransmitters in the esophagus. We have...References1. CASTELL D: The lower esophageal sphincter: physiologic and clinical aspects. Ann Intern Med 83:390-401, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. BURNSTOCK C: Purinergic nerves. Pharmacol Rev 24:509-581, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar3. WESTON A: The effect of desensitization to adenosine triphosphate on the peristaltic reflex in guinea pig ileum. Br J Pharmacol 47:606-608, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ANURASCOOKECHRISTENSEN SAJ: An inhibitory innervation at the gastroduodenal junction. J Clin Invest 54:529-535, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. CONKLINCHRISTENSEN JJ: Local specialization at ileocecal junction of the cat and opposum. Am J Physiol 228:1075-1081, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine University Hospitals Iowa City, Iowa 52242 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPeripheral Nervous SystemCellular Distribution and Functions of P2 Receptor Subtypes in Different SystemsPurinergic Signalling in GutAn Introduction to Purinergic ReceptorsPurinergic Receptors in Visceral Smooth Muscle 1 February 1976Volume 84, Issue 2Page: 220-221KeywordsAdenosine triphosphateEsophagusGastrointestinal tractGuinea pigsNervesNervous systemNeurotransmittersPurines Issue Published: 1 February 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE RELATION OF THE INTERNAL SECRETIONS TO METABOLISM
Authors: JOSEPH C. AUB
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Among the various functions ascribed to the glands of internal secretion, the regulation of metabolism ranks high. Not only is it a very important part of their activity, but it is also the function about which the greatest and most accurate knowledge has been accumulated. Of course, the general regulation of metabolism is not wholly controlled by the glands of internal secretion, for there are many other factors which exert influences which cannot now be ascribed to the activity of these glands. Examples are found in the effect of exercise, the specific dynamic action of foodstuffs, fasting, sleep, etc., and it therefore cannot be assumed that these endocrine glands absolutely control the rate of metabolism. But there can be no doubt that their general influence is great. As far as our knowledge goes, this influence is largely exercised on the heat production as a whole rather than on individual components