tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unmet Aspirations — Where To Now for Catheter Thrombectomy?
Authors: Robert A. Byrne, Adnan Kastrati
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

The dominant cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is abrupt plaque rupture, erosion, or hemorrhage with secondary intravascular thrombosis, typically leading to coronary arterial occlusion and infarction of the downstream myocardium.1 Contemporary evidence-based intervention strategies incorporating rapid administration of antiplatelet and antithrombotic medications and prompt revascularization with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) result in excellent survival rates and low morbidity at 30 days.24 For patients undergoing primary PCI, the removal of an intravascular thrombus during the procedure with the use of dedicated extraction catheters is an intuitively attractive strategy and one that is simple to carry out. After . . .
Very early termination of pregnancy (menstrual extraction).
Authors: J Stringer, M Anderson, R W Beard, D V Fairweather, S J Steele
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Very early termination of pregnancy was performed on 424 women in three London teaching hospitals. Altogether 90% of the women were no more than 14 days overdue, and 67% of these had histological evidence of pregnancy. The procedure differed little in technique or its acceptability to the patient from termination done later in the first trimester. The similar incidence of complications suggested that it is not an alternative to conventional contraception. The response of patients, general practitioners, and referral agencies, however, indicated that there is a definite need in the community for a very early termination service.
Legislation Introduced to Spur Ebola Treatments and Vaccines
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Single-operator method for double-balloon endoscopy: a pilot study
Authors: A. Araki, K. Tsuchiya, E. Okada, S. Suzuki, S. Oshima, R. Okamoto, T. Kanai, M. Watanabe
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) is a new technique that allows diagnosis and treatment throughout the entire small intestine. We have recently developed a method that allows a single operator to perform DBE, by employing “grip and pinch” and “hold (or ‘keep’) and slide” techniques. This one-person method obviates the need for two operators who must cooperate closely.
Phenol peels as a novel therapeutic approach for actinic keratosis and Bowen disease: Prospective pilot trial with assessment of clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical correlations
Authors: Chikako Kaminaka, Yuki Yamamoto, Nozomi Yonei, Akiko Kishioka, Toshikazu Kondo, Fukumi Furukawa
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Inoperable Lung Cancer—Reply
Authors: Robert Timmerman
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SPONTANEOUS DIABETES IN A DOG
Authors: Edward B. Krumbhaar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

The picture is one of a true diabetes mellitus, first attracting attention after miscarriage. Although the G : N ratio sank from 3 : 1 on 10 gm. of nitrogen to 1.7 : 1 after 3 days' fasting, the disease progressed steadily in spite of a long continued carbohydrate-free diet. Together with the usual complications of diabetes, a malignant tumor of the thymus developed, so that after 5 months' observations a slow death was forestalled by chloroform. The most striking feature at autopsy was the large, apparently normal pancreas, which exhibited histologically marked changes in the islands of Langerhans, extreme hydropic degeneration and exhaustion of granules, involving both alpha and beta cells, but especially the latter, and replacement of some islands by fibrous tissue.
Abstract 4392: Vaccination targeting IGF-IR sensitizes tumors to tamoxifen therapy in an anti-estrogen resistant mouse model
Authors: Denise L. Cecil, Kyong Hwa Park, Ekram Gad, Lauren Rastetter, Mary L. Disis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Tamoxifen is a standard treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients. However, acquired or de novo resistance to therapy is a major clinical problem. In hormone-resistant tumors, there is increased activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-IR) and subsequent downstream signaling molecules, such as AKT. We have determined that IGF-IR is immunogenic in breast cancer and is a potential target for active immunization. It has been demonstrated that natural immunogenic human epitopes can be predicted by high binding affinity across multiple class II alleles, thus, we used a combined scoring system from five algorithms for predicting class II binding to determine Th epitopes of IGF-IR. Of the 20 potentially immunogenic peptides identified, five peptides (p1166-1181, p1212-1227, p1301-1316, 1307-1322 and p1311-1326) in the C-terminal domain were determined to elicit a predominantly inflammatory Th1 response compared to an immunosuppressive Th2 response in human PBMC. Overexpression of AKT induces tamoxifen resistance, while inhibition restores tamoxifen sensitivity. The tumor suppressor, PTEN, actively inhibits AKT. Data we have generated has demonstrated that vaccination restored PTEN activity in tumor cells. We questioned if modulation of PTEN could render tumors in the anti-estrogen-resistant MMTV-neu mouse model sensitive to tamoxifen therapy. Vaccination demonstrated a robust Th1 response (p&amp;lt;0.001) and concomitant inhibition of tumor growth by 85% compared to adjuvant only control animals (p&amp;lt;0.001). Treatment with tamoxifen in vaccinated tumor-bearing mice resulted in a further 38% reduction in growth (p=0.02). Thus, active immunization targeting IGF-IR may induce both immunologic and biologic effects resulting in the sensitization of the tumor to tamoxifen therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4392. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4392
Post-cholecystectomy diarrhoea: a running commentary
Authors: L J D O'DONNELL
Journal: Gut (1999)

See article on page 889 

Since laparoscopic cholecystectomy eclipsed the open procedure in the early 1990s there has been a worldwide increase in annual cholecystectomy rates of between 20% and 50%.1 2 This has occurred despite a lack of evidence that gallstone incidence has increased to the same degree. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has a lower mortality rate than open cholecystectomy, but in view of the increased cholecystectomy rate, there may be no decrease in the total number of deaths associated with this operation.1 Changed indications for a safer procedure and patient or physician induced demand may explain the increased cholecystectomy rate. Patients and doctors may have a lower threshold for tolerance of gallstone associated symptoms than in the pre-laparoscopic era. As gallstones may be associated with a spectrum of symptoms, from none at all to those associated with life-threatening complications, in many instances the decision to operate may be arbitrary. This is especially so as the large majority of gallstones are asymptomatic, and these are best left undisturbed.3 

Patient surveys two to 24 months after both open …
Sol–gel derived carrier for the controlled release of proteins
Authors: Erick M Santos, Shulamith Radin, Paul Ducheyne
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)

Sol–gel derived porous silica carriers for the controlled release of proteins were synthesized using a room temperature process. The materials are intended to serve as both substrates for bone growth as well as to allow incorporated proteins such as growth factors to diffuse out and stimulate cell function and tissue healing. The data document that the in vitro release of trypsin inhibitor, a model protein of size similar to growth factors with documented effect in bone, was dose and time dependent during immersion up to nine weeks. The release pattern included an initially slow release, with further release occurring at a rate which is proportionate to the square root of time, an indicative of a diffusion-driven process.
New Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Nancy J. Olsen, C. Michael Stein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Rheumatoid arthritis affects about 1 percent of the U.S. population and can cause irreversible joint deformities and functional impairment. Although the cause of this autoimmune disease remains obscure, greater understanding of its underlying mechanisms has facilitated the development of new drugs and revolutionized treatment.
Effect of Homocysteine-Lowering Therapy With Folic Acid, Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, and Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>on Clinical Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Guido Schnyder, Marco Roffi, Yvonne Flammer, Riccardo Pin, Otto Martin Hess
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ESPITE TECHNICAL IMPROVEments, restenosis and overall adverse events after percutaneous coronary interventions remain important limitations of this procedure. 1Epidemiological evidence suggests that total plasma homocysteine level is an independent cardiovascular risk factor, 2,3 correlates with the severity of coronary artery disease, 4,5 predicts mortality in patients with established coronary atherosclerosis, 6,7 and may have a potential role with regard to outcome after coronary interventions.Studies on the pathogenesis of homocysteine-induced vascular damage have suggested adverse interaction with vascular smooth muscle cells, 8,9 endothelium function, 10,11 plasma lipoproteins, 12 and coagulation cascade, [13][14][15][16] which may contribute to homocysteineinduced atherogenesis, restenosis, and overall adverse events after coronary interventions, such as angioplasty.Previous reports have documented that plasma homocysteine levels predict outcome after coronary angioplasty 17,18 and our group has shown that homocysteine-lowering therapy significantly decreases restenosis rate after coronary angioplasty. 19Based on those results, we now report in an extension of our original study, the effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid, vitamin B 12 (cyanocobalamin), and vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride) on clinical outcome after successful coronary angioplasty and, in particular, whether the previously described 6 months' benefit is maintained at 1 year despite cessation of ho-
Membranous subaortic stenosis complicated by aneurysm of the membranous septum and mitral valve prolapse.
Authors: C C Caudill, S K Krueger, C S Wilson, T Rourke, D B Policky, W F Weaver
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The clinical, echocardiographic, and catheterization findings in a patient with discrete subaortic stenosis, aneurysm of the membranous interventricular septum, and mitral valve prolapse are presented. Echocardiography showed a subaortic membrane, abnormal aortic valve motion, accentuated systolic anterior motion of the membranous interventricular septum, and prolapsing mitral leaflets. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnoses. The possible functional interrelationship of these lesions is discussed.
Chemical composition of hepatic lipids mediates reperfusion injury of the macrosteatotic mouse liver through thromboxane A2
Authors: Ashraf Mohammad El-Badry, Jae-Hwi Jang, Ahmed Elsherbiny, Claudio Contaldo, Yinghua Tian, Dimitri A. Raptis, Endre Laczko, Wolfgang Moritz, Rolf Graf, Pierre-Alain Clavien
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Effects of chronic dobutamine administration on hearts of normal and hypertensive rats.
Authors: P Buttrick, A Malhotra, S Factor, D Geenen, J Scheuer
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We have previously shown that physical conditioning in the rat improves cardiac mechanics and biochemistry and normalizes the cardiac contractile protein abnormalities associated with renovascular hypertension. Since chronic adrenergic stimulation with dobutamine simulates some aspects of physical conditioning, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of chronic dobutamine administration on normal and hypertensive rat hearts. Four groups of female animals were studied: controls, dobutamine-treated (2 mg/kg twice daily), renovascular hypertensives, and dobutamine-treated hypertensives. Animals were killed after 8-10 weeks and cardiac histology, myosin biochemistry, and mechanics in an isolated heart perfusion apparatus were studied. Dobutamine, unlike hypertension, was not associated with histological evidence of myocardial damage but did increase cardiac mass by 10% and calcium-activated myosin ATPase activity by 13%. Hypertension was associated with a 24% increase in mass, a 24% decrease in ATPase activity, and a shift in the myosin isoenzyme pattern from V1 to V3. The combined stimuli caused additive hypertrophy (44%) and normalized myosin biochemistry and isomyosin distribution. Dobutamine treatment was not associated with significant improvements in pump or muscle function in control or hypertensive hearts. Thus chronic dobutamine treatment, like physical conditioning, induces a physiological cardiac hypertrophy in rats that is associated with improved myosin enzymology and normalization of the contractile protein abnormalities associated with hypertension. Unlike physical conditioning, however, these biochemical alterations do not result in improved contractile function as measured in an isolated buffer-perfused heart apparatus.
Prisoners held under England's antiterrorism legislation face psychological damage
Authors: Madeleine Brettingham
Journal: BMJ (2004)

People detained under the Antiterrorism Crime and Security Act are facing potentially irredeemable psychological damage, says a research report unveiled at a press conference in London, organised by the prisoners' lawyers, at the Royal College of Psychiatrists last week.

Eight detainees interned at London's Belmarsh Prison because of suspected links with terrorist groups were interviewed for the research. All showed symptoms of severe depression and anxiety, some exhibited psychotic behaviour, and in all cases their mental health was said to have drastically deteriorated during the period of their internment.

The interviews were done for the prisoners' legal counsel by a group of 12 …
Australian drug industry gives details of money spent courting doctors
Authors: Bob Burton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A new report is calling for changes in the conduct of clinical trials in the United States to reduce disparities of age, sex, race, and comorbidity.The goal is to give a more representative picture of the benefits and risks of a treatment across the entire population but particularly among those who bear the greatest burden of the morbidity.The eliminating disparities in clinical trials (EDICT) initiative was conducted over two years by the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and the Intercultural Cancer Council.It is part of an ongoing four year project to reduce barriers to participation in trials.The report of the initiative was released on 1 April in Washington, DC.The report describes itself as a "nationwide call to action . . .that removes the barriers to clinical trial participation and advances education and information sharing [as] a critical step to improving the health status of all Americans."Recommendations include harmonising the Food and Drug Administration's regulations on trial design and conduct with those of the National Institutes of Health requiring diversity; increasing collaboration between government and industry in trials; and fostering community involvement in all phases of trial design and implementation.It calls on journals to require researchers to include an analysis of how their trial participants match the population that bears the greatest burden of that condition.It also seeks better education of institutional review boards on their ethical responsibilities and of the general public about the trials process.Calls for better education of review boards and the public are likely to draw little opposition.But other recommendations are likely to require an increase in the size of a trial to provide sufficient numbers for subgroup analysis according to sex, race, age, and comorbidity.This will increase the cost of trials and could delay the introduction of new drugs to the marketplace.Information on EDICT is available at www.bcm.edu/edict. Trial participants need to represent patients betterUK NEWS Wakefield tells GMC he was motivated by concern for autistic children, p 738 World NEWS Australian drug firms give details of sums spent courting doctors, p 742 bmj.com reducing inequalities in health will need a long timeframe, MPs are told
A PLASTIC OPERATION FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF HEMORRHOIDS
Authors: W. A. FANSLER
Journal: JAMA (1933)

If hemorrhoidectomies are to be done with uniformly good results, the method of procedure must be varied to suit the condition that presents itself. No one operation is equally satisfactory for all cases. This procedure is suggested for a certain type of case; namely, that in which there is a complete prolapse and thrombosis of the entire ring of internal, anal and external hemorrhoidal vessels (fig. 1). This condition presents itself as a bluish doughnut-like ring surrounding the anal opening, the doughnut being covered by the prolapsed anal mucosa and perianal skin, which, of course, is squamous in character. Inside this "doughnut" are several prolapsed and thrombotic internal hemorrhoids covered with a moist columnar type of rectal mucosa. A definite constriction or sulcus separates these two protuberances. This sulcus is the pectinate line and represents the upper limit of the anal canal when the anal mucosa is in its normal
Coagulation Day 2010: an Austrian survey on the routine of thromboprophylaxis in intensive care
Authors: E. Schaden, P. G. Metnitz, G. Pfanner, S. Heil, T. Pernerstorfer, P. Perger, H. Schoechl, D. Fries, M. Guetl, S. Kozek-Langenecker
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
Effect of Age and Comorbidity in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients Aged 55 Years and Older
Authors: Rosemary Yancik
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Postmenopausal women aged 55 years and older have 66% of incident breast tumors and experience 77% of breast cancer mortality, but other age-related health problems may affect tumor prognosis and treatment decisions.To document the comorbidity burden of postmenopausal breast cancer patients and evaluate its relationship with age on disease stage, treatment, and early mortality.Data were collected on breast cancer patients' comorbidities by retrospective hospital medical records review and merged with information on patients' tumor characteristics collected from 6 regional National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries. Patients were followed up until death or for 30 months from breast cancer diagnosis.Population-based random sample of 1800 postmenopausal breast cancer patients diagnosed in 1992 stratified by 3 age groups: 55 to 64 years, 65 to 74 years, and 75 years and older.Extent of disease, therapy received, comorbidity, cause of death, and survival.Seventy-three percent (1312 of 1800) of the sample was diagnosed with stage I and II breast cancer, 10% (n = 188) with stage III and IV breast cancer, and 17% (n = 300) did not have a stage assignment. Of the 1017 patients with stage I and stage II node-negative breast cancer, 95% received therapy in agreement with the National Institutes of Health consensus statement recommendation for early-stage breast cancer. Patients in older age groups were less likely to receive therapy consistent with the consensus statement (P<.001), and women aged 70 years and older were significantly less likely to receive axillary lymph node dissection as determined by logistic regression analysis (P<.01). Diabetes, renal failure, stroke, liver disease, a previous malignant tumor, and smoking were significant in predicting early mortality in a statistical model that included age and disease stage. Breast cancer was the underlying cause of death for 135 decedents (51.3%). Heart disease (n = 45, 17.1%) and previous cancers (n = 22, 8.4%) were the next major underlying causes. In the 30-month follow-up period, 263 patients (15%) died.Patient care decisions occur in the context of breast cancer and other age-related conditions. Comorbidity in older patients may limit the ability to obtain prognostic information (ie, axillary lymph node dissection), tends to minimize treatment options (eg, breast-conserving therapy), and increases the risk of death from causes other than breast cancer.