tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Performance of Cavopulmonary Palliation at Elevated Altitude
Authors: Sunil P. Malhotra, D. Dunbar Ivy, Max B. Mitchell, David N. Campbell, Marshall L. Dines, Shelley Miyamoto, Joseph Kay, David R. Clarke, Francois Lacour-Gayet
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Outcomes of patients undergoing cavopulmonary palliation for single ventricle physiology may be impacted by living at altitude, as the passive pulmonary circulation is dependent on the resistance of the pulmonary vascular bed. The objective of this study is to identify risk factors for failure of cavopulmonary palliation at elevated altitude.Between January 1995 and March 2007, 122 consecutive patients living at a mean altitude of 1600 m (range 305 to 2570) underwent a bidirectional Glenn (BDG). There was one in-hospital mortality and 7 late deaths. 52 have proceeded to the Fontan procedure. Survival after BDG was 92.4% at 5 years. Freedom from palliation failure, defined as death, transplant, BDG/Fontan takedown, or revision was 81% at 5 years. At a mean follow-up of 39.8 months, 90 patients (75%) were in New York Heart Association class I. Patients with failing cavopulmonary circulation had higher pre-BDG pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) (18.3+/-6.1 mm Hg versus 14.8+/-5.1 mm Hg, P=0.016) and higher pre-BDG transpulmonary gradient (TPG) (11.2+/-6.2 mm Hg versus 7.7+/-4.3 mm Hg, P=0.014). Post-BDG, patients with palliation failure had increased PAP (15.0+/-5.7 mm Hg versus 10.8+/-2.8 mm Hg, P=0.008) and indexed pulmonary vascular resistance (PVRI) (2.43+/-1.0 Wood U . m(2) versus 1.52+/-0.9 Wood U . m(2), P=0.007).The majority of patients at moderate altitude have favorable outcomes after BDG or Fontan palliation. Risk factors for palliation failure at elevated altitude include PAP >15 mm Hg, TPG >8 mm Hg, and PVRI >2.5 Wood U . m(2).
Detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in acute and chronic lymphoid leukemias of B‐cell lineage by polymerase chain reaction gene amplification
Authors: Raymond Liang, Vivian Chan, T. K. Chan, Thomas Wong, Edmond Chiu, David Todd
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the DNA fragments of the complementarity determining region 3 of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene heavy chain from the leukemic cell specimens of patients with acute and chronic lymphoid leukemias of B‐cell lineage. Two different pairs of primers were tested. Fourteen of the 17 (82%) cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and all 15 cases (100%) of B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who had rearrangement of the Ig gene heavy chain by Southern analysis, were positive by PCR with either one or both pairs of primers. This technique was able to detect leukemic cells at the level of 0.1%. Applying it to study the remission marrow specimens following induction chemotherapy was more useful than morphology alone in predicting early relapse of the leukemia.
IFN-γ, but not IP-10, MCP-2 or IL-2 response to RD1 selected peptides associates to active tuberculosis
Authors: Delia Goletti, Alamelu Raja, Basirudeen Syed Ahamed Kabeer, Camilla Rodrigues, Archana Sodha, Ornella Butera, Stefania Carrara, Guy Vernet, Christophe Longuet, Giuseppe Ippolito, Satheesh Thangaraj, Marc Leportier, Enrico Girardi, Philippe Henri Lagrange
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
INCIDENCE AND STRUCTURAL PREDICTORS OF AORTIC DISSECTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH GENETICALLY MEDIATED AORTIC ANEURYSMS: MULTICENTER FOLLOW-UP RESULTS FROM THE GENTAC (NATIONAL REGISTRY OF GENETICALLY TRIGGERED THORACIC AORTIC ANEURYSMS AND CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS) REGISTRY
Authors: Federico M. Asch, Richard Devereux, Mary Roman, Fahmida Islam, Michael Silberbach, Howard Song, Reed Pyeritz, Joseph Bavaria, William Ravekes, Kathryn Holmes, Dianna Milewicz, Siddharth Prakash, Scott A. LeMaire, Nazli B. McDonnell, Kim Eagle, Liliana R. Preiss, Jonathan Weinsaft
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
TCT-237 Effect of Thrombus Burden and its Residue on No-reflow Phenomenon After Manual Thrombectomy in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Sung Gyun Ahn, Seung Hwan Lee, Ji Hyun Lee, Jun-Won Lee, Young Jin Youn, Byung Ryul Cho, Hyun-Hee Choi, Sang-Yong Yoo, Junghan Yoon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
An alopecic phenotype of canine pemphigus vulgaris?
Authors: T. Olivry, H.A. Jackson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Sir, Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease associated with the generation of autoantibodies that target transmembrane desmosomal proteins in the epidermis. In humans, early manifestations of PV are characterized by a marked predilection of lesions for mucous membranes and by circulating IgG autoantibodies binding to desmoglein (Dsg) 3.1 With disease progression, the distribution of lesions shifts from mucosal to mucocutaneous, while autoantibodies recognize both Dsg3 and Dsg1.1 Dsg3 has recently been identified as a major component of murine and human hair follicle desmosomes.2,3 Targeted disruption of the DSG3 gene in knockout mice yielded animals with cyclical hair loss, defective follicular keratinocyte adhesion (acantholysis) and separation of telogen clubs from the surrounding outer root sheath.4 Similar alopecic lesions also have been observed in mice with spontaneous mutations of the DSG3 gene (‘balding phenotype’)5 as well as in experimental murine PV.6 These murine models have provided compelling evidence that abnormalities in DSG3 gene expression or protein adhesion are followed by defective anchoring of hair shafts within telogen follicles and clinical manifestation of alopecia.
Abstract 2691: Chemokine expression profile in prostate cancer cell lines: Association with metastatic potential.
Authors: Niradiz Reyes, Alfonso Bettin, Juan Rebollo, Oscar Correa, Jan Geliebter
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Metastatic spread poses the greatest challenge for the management of Prostate Cancer (PCa). Although its frequency at diagnosis of PCa cases is only 4%, it is associated with poor prognosis, with five year survival rates of only 30%. Molecular mechanisms involved in metastatic progression are not completely understood; however, it has been noted that chemokines and their receptors play a key role in the establishment of metastatic lesions. Objective: To compare the mRNA expression profiles of chemokines and their receptors in two human PCa cell lines with different metastatic phenotypes (LNCaP, PC-3) and in a control, normal prostate epithelial cell line (PWR-1E). Methods: We evaluated the expression profiles at the transcript level of chemokines and their receptors in LNCaP, PC-3 and PWR-1E human cell lines using a commercial primer panel (Chemokines SensiMix qPCR Primers Panel©,Origene Technologies), as well as a custom primer panel. The relative quantification of gene expression was determined using the ΔΔCt method with the normal PWR-1E cell line as the reference cell line and normalizing the expression to β-actin, HPRT1 and GAPDH housekeeping genes. Results: Sixteen gene transcripts were overexpressed in PC-3, 13 of which were exclusively overexpressed in this cell line and 3 other genes were up-regulated in both PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines. Of the 13 genes overexpressed in PC-3, 12 were found under-expressed in LNCaP cell line, compared to PWR-1E (CCL2, CCL26, CCL28, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL4V1, CXCL6, IL8, CXCL12, CCR10, and CCRL2). Chemokine transcript under-expression was more frequently found in LNCaP than in PC-3 (11 vs 8) and transcripts for genes CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL3L3, CCL27 and DARC were underexpressed in both cell lines. Discussion: Here we describe the differential chemokine expression profile between PCa cell lines with different metastatic potentials. In addition to chemokines/receptors known to play a role in PCa, we have identified the differential expression of chemokine gene transcripts not previously associated with PCa. Conclusions: Differential chemokine expression at the mRNA level was found in association with metastatic phenotypes of PCa cell lines. Additional research is needed to determine mechanisms involved in genic regulation of this profiles and to determine their roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression in the prostate. Financial support: Colciencias Contract #462-2008 Citation Format: Niradiz Reyes, Alfonso Bettin, Juan Rebollo, Oscar Correa, Jan Geliebter. Chemokine expression profile in prostate cancer cell lines: Association with metastatic potential. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2691. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2691
More on treating homosexuality as a sickness: Publication of bigoted letter is worrying
Authors: Petra Boynton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is not working in MalawiEditor-The paper by Plowe et al entitled "Sustained clinical efficacy of sulfadoxinepyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria" might be better titled "Sustained lack of efficacy of sulfadoxinepyrimethamine. ..." 1 By the start of the study period five years ago, molecular genotyping showed that Plasmodium falciparum in Malawi had already acquired significant resistance to the combination. 1 2This explains the sustained lack of efficacy; 28 day cure rates in children with acute falciparum malaria remained steadily less than 40% over the five year study period.This is confirmed by the Malawi component of recent WHO-Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) multicentre trials; the 28 day cure rate with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in children with acute falciparum malaria was only 23%, 3 and this for a major killing disease of childhood.A 77% failure rate is among the worst responses ever documented.Only 7% (5/71) of reported trials on sulfadoxinepyrimethamine have had worse failure rates. 4efore sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was introduced widely it was very effective in Malawi, but, since then, efficacy has fallen dramatically (table).The front page of the BMJ was wrong: sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is not "still working."A drug giving a cure rate of consistently less than 40% for a potentially life threatening infection cannot be described as having "good efficacy," particularly when highly effective alternatives exist.Can you imagine endorsing an antibiotic with a more than 60% failure rate for use in European or American children with those words?Demographic surveillance system data from eastern and southern Africa show that mortality attributable to malaria in children almost doubled between 1990 and 1998, whereas by contrast non-malaria related mortality fell.The use of ineffective drugs, such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Malawi, may well be to blame.
Incorporation of the B18R Gene of Vaccinia Virus Into an Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Improves Antitumor Activity
Authors: Xinping Fu, Armando Rivera, Lihua Tao, Xiaoliu Zhang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Interferon (IFN) antiviral defense mechanism plays a critical role in controlling virus infection. It thus represents a formidable hurdle for virotherapy. Despite the reported ability of herpes simplex virus (HSV) to counteract this defense, the duration and extent of HSV infection in vivo is still largely dictated by host's IFN activity status. Because the HSV genes that have been reported to block IFN activity mainly act intracellularly, we hypothesized that their inhibitory effect could be enhanced by exploiting a gene whose product acts extracellularly. The B18R gene from vaccinia virus encodes a secreted decoy receptor with a broad antagonizing effect against type I IFNs. We therefore cloned B18R into an HSV-1-based oncolytic virus to generate Synco-B18R. In the presence of increased IFN levels in vitro, Synco-B18R largely retained its oncolytic effect, whereas the tumor-killing ability of the parental virus, Synco-2D, was severely compromised. When injected intratumorally in vivo, Synco-B18R showed significantly greater oncolytic activity than Synco-2D. Our results suggest that incorporation of the vaccinia virus B18R gene can safely potentiate the antitumor effect of an oncolytic HSV, and that similar strategies may be useful with other types of oncolytic viruses.
Review: Late percutaneous coronary intervention after AMI improves survival more than optimal medical therapy
Authors: Brigitta C. Brott, William B. Hillegass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Source Citation Abbate A, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Appleton DL, et al. Survival and cardiac remodeling benefits in patients undergoing late percutaneous coronary intervention of the infarct-related artery: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:956-64. 18308165
444 CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION INDUCES A CHRONIC PROINFLAMMATORY STATE THAT INCREASES THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
Authors: J. Cabezas, A. Diaz, M.T. Arias, A. Puente, E. Fabrega, A. Estebanez, S. Menendez, B. Sampedro, J. Crespo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The soluble IL-6 receptor amplifies in transgenic mice the IL-6 mediated acute phase response
Authors: None PETERS
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Background & Aims: Growth hormone (GH) is used to treat growth delay in children with Crohn’s disease and in patients with short-bowel syndrome. GH can increase collagen accumulation in intestinal mesenchymal cells, raising concern that GH therapy could exacerbate fibrosis in patients with Crohn’s disease. We tested if GH treatment altered inflammation or fibrosis during chronic, experimental granulomatous enterocolitis. Methods: Ileum and cecum of Lewis rats were subserosally injected with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-APS) or control human serum albumin. At the onset of chronic PG-APS-induced inflammation, rats were administered recombinant human GH or vehicle for 14 days. Fibrosis and inflammation were quantified by gross gut disease scoring, histologic scoring, type I collagen, and cytokine expression in cecum. Abundance and localization of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3) messenger RNA and/or protein were determined in cecum. Effect of GH, cytokines, or PG-APS on SOCS-3 synthesis was measured in intestinal myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts overexpressing SOCS-3 were used to test whether SOCS-3 inhibits collagen accumulation. Results: In PG-APS-injected rats, GH modestly reduced gross adhesions and mesenteric contractions, cecal fibrosis score, and collagen expression, but had no effect on intestinal inflammation. GH increased SOCS-3 messenger RNA and protein abundance in PG-APS rats and SOCS-3 messenger RNA was localized to the periphery of granulomas. GH in combination with cytokines or PG-APS, but not alone, induced SOCS-3 synthesis in intestinal myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts overexpressing SOCS-3 showed reduced cytokine-induced collagen accumulation. Conclusions: GH modestly reduces intestinal fibrosis associated with chronic experimental enterocolitis and stimulates expression of antifibrogenic SOCS-3, suggesting that GH therapy in inflammatory bowel disease should not exacerbate fibrosis.
Intensive Chemotherapy With Autologous Marrow Transplantation Is Effective Against Some Resistant Tumors
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

CONVENTIONAL CANCER THERAPY can still be effective after tumors have become drug-resistant, according to some oncologists. They say that the secret is to treat patients with lethal doses of chemotherapy and to rescue them with autologous bone marrow transplantation. For example, Emil Frei III, MD, director of the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, advises therapy with high doses of multiple agents. Frei told the recent Bristol-Myers Symposium on Cancer Research in Washington, DC, that his protocol involves the use of intensive chemotherapy employing combinations of alkylating agents, which in the last few years have been found to act synergistically and to trigger little cross-resistance. At Dana Farber, following induction therapy with standard doses of cyclophosphamide and thio-TEPA, bone marrow is harvested and treated with monoclonal antibodies to eradicate tumor cells. Patients then undergo a short course of therapy with high doses of the two agents followed by marrow reinfusion.
Ca2(+)-sensitive binding of thrombospondin to U937 cells is due to the formation of calcium precipitate in the binding medium.
Authors: X Sun, D F Mosher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Thrombospondin (TSP) binds to U937 monocytic cells in a Ca2(+)-enhancible and EDTA-inhibitable manner (Silverstein, R. L., and R. L. Nachman. 1987. J. Clin. Invest. 79:867-874; Silverstein, R. L., A. S. Asch, and R. L. Nachman. 1989. J. Clin. Invest. 84:546-552). We reproduced the results when RPMI cell culture medium, but not when HBSS was used as binding medium. Addition of 1 mM Ca2+ to RPMI medium increased the binding of TSP to suspended U937 cells more than eightfold; the increase was blocked by EDTA but not by heparin. Further studies showed that addition of 1 mM Ca2+ to RPMI medium resulted in an insoluble precipitate, which did not form when EDTA was present or when 1 mM extra Ca2+ was added to HBSS. TSP bound to the precipitate in a saturable and specific manner. The precipitate enhanced binding of TSP to MG63 osteosarcoma cells in a monolayer binding assay. Enhancement of binding in the monolayer assay was observed for fibronectin and vitronectin as well. Our data indicate that there is not a specific Ca2(+)-dependent TSP receptor on U937 cell surface. Instead, the extra binding enhanced by Ca2+ is due to the formation of insoluble salts in the medium.
Parkinson's disease: new drugs help but no cure on the horizon
Authors: E. R. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA (1981)

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Endocarditis in Adults With Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Marjolein J. Lucas, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Arie van der Ende, Diederik van de Beek
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Endocarditis may precede or complicate bacterial meningitis, but the incidence and impact of endocarditis in bacterial meningitis are unknown. Methods and Results— We assessed the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with meningitis and endocarditis from a nationwide cohort study of adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis in the Netherlands from 2006 to 2012. Endocarditis was identified in 24 of 1025 episodes (2%) of bacterial meningitis. Cultures yielded Streptococcus pneumoniae in 13 patients, Staphylococcus aureus in 8 patients, and Streptococcus agalactiae , Streptococcus pyogenes , and Streptococcus salivarius in 1 patient each. Clues leading to the diagnosis of endocarditis were cardiac murmurs, persistent or recurrent fever, a history of heart valve disease, and S aureus as the causative pathogen of bacterial meningitis. Treatment consisted of prolonged antibiotic therapy in all patients and surgical valve replacement in 10 patients (42%). Two patients were treated with oral anticoagulants, and both developed life-threatening intracerebral hemorrhage. Systemic (70%) and neurological (54%) complications occurred frequently, leading to a high proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome (63%). Seven of 24 patients (29%) with meningitis and endocarditis died. Conclusions— Endocarditis is an uncommon coexisting condition in bacterial meningitis but is associated with a high rate of unfavorable outcome.
Unsuspected Endobronchial Tumor Detected by PET/CT
Authors: Joji Varghese, Peeyush Bhargava, Aaron Baxter
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

We present the PET/CT images of a 64-year-old man who presented with an exophytic lesion on the right foot fourth interdigital web space. Punch biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A staging CT scan showed an epiglottic mass, which on subsequent biopsy revealed a second SCC. Whole body PET/CT showed focal hypermetabolism in the epiglottis and focal hypermetabolism in a 5-mm endobronchial soft tissue density at the trifurcation of the basal trunk of the left lower lobe bronchus. Endoscopic biopsy showed poorly differentiated SCC and led to the management of 3 synchronous primary SCCs. The patient underwent a left lower lobectomy for Stage I squamous cell lung cancer, followed by external beam radiation for Stage Ia SCC of the epiglottis, and finally amputation of the fourth and fifth toes of the right foot.
Clofarabine and busulfan conditioning facilitates engraftment and provides significant antitumor activity in nonremission hematologic malignancies
Authors: John Magenau, Hiromi Tobai, Attaphol Pawarode, Thomas Braun, Edward Peres, Pavan Reddy, Carrie Kitko, Sung Choi, Gregory Yanik, David Frame, Andrew Harris, Harry Erba, Lisa Kujawski, Kojo Elenitoba-Johnson, Jennifer Sanks, Dawn Jones, Sophie Paczesny, James Ferrara, John Levine, Shin Mineishi
Journal: Blood (2011)
1333 HCV-GENOFIBROTEST: A COMBINATION OF VIRAL, LIVER AND GENOMIC (IL28B, ITPA, UGT1A1) BIOMARKERS FOR PREDICTING TREATMENT RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: J.M. Costa, D. Telehin, M. Munteanu, T. Kobryn, Y. Ngo, V. Thibault, J. Moussalli, V. Ratziu, Y. Benhamou, V. Koz'ko, G. Dubins'ka, J.D. Poveda, T. Poynard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
TCT-538 Predictors of Stent Fracture and Impact on Neointimal Proliferation: Experimental Insights into the Mechanisms of Drug Eluting Stent Failure
Authors: Seung-Jin Oh, Jong Shiuan Yeh, Piotr Buszman, Maxwell Afari, Armando Tellez, Yanping Cheng, Gerard Conditt, Jenn McGregor, Greg Kaluza, Juan Granada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Smoker's face: an underrated clinical sign?
Authors: D Model
Journal: BMJ (1985)

In a prospective survey of patients attending a general medical outpatient clinic roughly half the current cigarette smokers who had smoked for 10 years or more were identified, using defined criteria, by their facial features alone. These facial features, designated "smoker's face," were present in three (8%) of those who had smoked cigarettes for 10 years or more in the past and in none of the non-smokers. The association of smoker's face with current smoking that had continued for 10 years or more was significant (p less than 0.001) and remained after the patient's age, social class, exposure to sunlight, recent change of weight, and estimated lifetime consumption of cigarettes were controlled for. Smoker's face may be a helpful indicator in antismoking campaigns.