tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Your life in their hands
Authors: Giulio Bognolo
Journal: BMJ (2004)

BBC1, Mondays until 22 March, 9 pm Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Surgery is advancing continually, and more daring operations are now possible. New techniques are developed and implemented, increasing the chances of improvement or cure. Further advances are expected, and what was impossible to treat some years back can now be tackled. But for these advances to happen some doctors must be prepared to sacrifice a good portion of their lives to their calling and take risks that most people would not take. Or at least so claims Stephen Westaby, one of the surgeons featured in this series. It is quite clear that there is something special pushing these surgeons—“the challenge, the addiction, or an obsession for surgery”—that makes them pursue objectives that most of us would not even consider within reach. “Your life in their hands” … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Study authors respond to editorial
Authors: J. Williams, G. Richardson, K. Bloor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

We wish to clarify some points raised by Norton and colleagues in their editorial accompanying our papers.1 2 3

The subtitle, stating that nurse endoscopy “is as clinically effective as that delivered by doctors, but may cost more,” is inaccurate. We found doctors more cost effective because their outcomes were slightly better, …
FURTHER EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SURGICAL SHOCK
Authors: F. C. MANN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In previously published work15 we reported that we have indisputably demontrated that the lymph vessels of the dental pulp can be injected, not only in a retro¬ grade direction by way of the gingiva, as Schweitzer did, but also by forcing the injection mass through the tooth directly into the exposed pulp tissue.The first investigation was limited to a study of the lymph supply of the pulp.The purpose of the present work was to follow the course of the outflowing vessels, to examine the extent of their communications with neighboring tissues, and to study their course in the mandibular and infra-orbital canals : in short, to fill out some gaps left in Schweitzer's results.
Lung Uptake in a Young Patient With Hypercalcemia Who Was Found to Have Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Jabour Khoury, Jacqueline Jerushalmi, Ahmed Mograbi, Amir Saab, Norman Loberant
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

We report the case of 19-year-old woman with severe hypercalcemia who was evaluated with a bone scan to exclude bone metastases. Increased uptake in both lungs was detected on the bone scan. The patient's final diagnosis was systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). There is no reported pattern of bone scanning in SLE, and diffuse lung uptake has not been reported in these patients.
US attempts to stop its teenagers smoking
Authors: J Hopkins-Tanne
Journal: BMJ (1994)

About one in eight teenagers - three million young people - smoke in the United States, and the surgeon general, Dr Joycelyn Elders, has called for a ban on advertisements that encourage teenagers to smoke. She has asked the Federal Trade Commission to stop the Joe Camel and Josephine Camel campaigns, which make smoking look glamorous to young people. American children are said to recognise Joe Camel almost as easily as Mickey Mouse.

There is a children's version of the surgeon general's report, which is intended to help children resist pressures to start smoking. And the American Medical Association has sent primary care physicians 240 000 copies of its guidelines for …
Evidence for anti-inflammatory activity of statins and PPARα activators in human C-reactive protein transgenic mice in vivo and in cultured human hepatocytes in vitro
Authors: Robert Kleemann, Lars Verschuren, Bert-Jan de Rooij, Jan Lindeman, Moniek M. de Maat, Alexander J. Szalai, Hans M. G. Princen, Teake Kooistra
Journal: Blood (2004)
Diabetes in a New England Town
Authors: Hugh L. C. Wilkerson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE FATE of the diabetics reported by the Oxford Study of 1946 to 1947 has been a matter of conjecture and discussion for the ensuing 12 years. The subsequently published studies of the natural history of diabetics in their own milieu showed the original 70 to be a dwindling band beset by the ravages of time and  In the original report reference was made to a quotation by Joslin: In Oxford, on its peaceful, elm-lined Main Street, there once stood  houses,  by  . . . In these  houses lived in succession 4 women and 3 men . . . all but one . . . subsequently succumbed to diabetes. Decades later, the present study discovered their latter-day counterparts. Again three houses,  by side sheltered 3 persons, one of whom recently died with bilateral amputations and blindness, a second diabetic amputee who died because of
HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE SKIN IN ERYTHROPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA*
Authors: ELIZABETH A. RYAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE SKIN IN ERYTHROPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA Get access ELIZABETH A. RYAN, M.R.C.P. ELIZABETH A. RYAN, M.R.C.P. Institute of Dermatology, St. John s Hospital for Diseases of the Skin. Lisle Street, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 10, 1 October 1966, Pages 501–518, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12138.x Published: 01 October 1966
Ulcerative colitis associated with IgG4 cholangitis: Similar features in two HLA identical siblings
Authors: Sergio Negrin Dastis, Dominique Latinne, Christine Sempoux, André P. Geubel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

IgG4-associated cholangitis (IAC) can mimic primary sclerosing cholangitis although, in contrast to the latter, it is highly responsive to steroid therapy. IAC is known to be associated with autoimmune pancreatitis and has also been shown to be part of a more complex autoimmune IgG4 syndrome. However, an association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition in which its identification may have therapeutic and prognostic importance, has not yet been described.We report the cases of two HLA identical siblings both DRB *1501 positive exhibiting features of IAC together with ulcerative colitis. Subsequent high resolution HLA typing performed by sequence-based-typing showed similar alleles in both siblings: A *0301 A *3201 B *07 (0702/62) B *1401 C *0702 C *0802 DRB1 *1501. There is indirect evidence that this hitherto undescribed association, likely to be strongly linked to a genetic background, might account for a proportion of the cases of cholangitis associated with IBD.Appropriate investigation for IBD-associated cholangitis is mandatory to identify IAC, the recognition of which has particular therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Reviews and Notes: Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice
Authors: Alan L. Silver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 December 1996Reviews and Notes: Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Clinical PracticeAlan L. Silver, MD, MPHAlan L. Silver, MD, MPHMount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-11-199612010-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SH Woolf, S Jonas, and RS Lawrence; eds. 618 pages. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1996. $35.00. ISBN 0-683-09270-7. Order phone 800-638-0672.Clinical preventive services, that is, preventive medicine as it is applied to individual patients, has increased in prominence in medical care. Recommendations about aspects of screening, counseling, immunization, and chemoprophylaxis for individual patients have been made by various professional organizations, most notably the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. The report from the Task Force supplies evidence-based assessments of the clinical efficacy of various preventive services. The Task Force provides great detail on what should be offered to individual patients ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1996Volume 125, Issue 11Page: 943KeywordsChemopreventionComputersHealth promotionInformation technologyMedical risk factorsNutritionPreventive medicineRelative riskRisk assessmentsSpecificity Issue Published: 1 December 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Polycythemia associated with primary systemic amyloidosis: Elevated levels of hemopoietic factors and cytokines
Authors: Toshiro Nagasawa, Hiromi Yanagisawa, Yuichi Hasegawa, Hiroshi Kanma, Tsukasa Abe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract A 60‐year‐old man was diagnosed to have primary systemic amyloidosis (AL type) and polycythemia (Hgb 19.1 g/dl, WBC 14,600/μl, and platelets 60.5 × 10 4 /μl). In vitro colony assay for hemopoietic stem cells showed increased numbers of colony‐forming units (CFU)‐G, CFU‐GM, CFU‐E, and CFU‐Meg. Serum levels of erythropoietin (Epo), granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF), interleukin (IL)‐3 and IL‐6 were elevated. The infiltration of amyloid fibrils into the hemopoietic factor‐producing tissues may stimulate abnormal secretion of hemopoietic factors and cytokines, resulting in increased numbers of hemopoietic stem cells and polycythemia in the peripheral blood.
Heart-Rhythm Monitoring for Evaluation of Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Hooman Kamel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Observational studies suggest that we often fail to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as the cause of ischemic stroke.1 However, owing to the limitations of existing studies, guidelines have yet to endorse specific strategies for detecting atrial fibrillation in patients with a new stroke.2,3 The results of two studies published in this issue of the Journal indicate that prolonged monitoring of heart rhythm should now become part of the standard care of patients with cryptogenic stroke.4,5 This finding represents an important advance, because typical evaluations fail to determine the cause of one third of ischemic strokes. Cryptogenic strokes often . . .
Abstract 3359: Maspin induces MET in prostate cancer cells cultured in 3D-collagen I
Authors: Ivory Dean, Margarida Bernardo, Xiaohua Li, Sijana Dzinic, Shuping Yin, Kamir Moin, Wael Sakr, Shijie Sheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The aggressiveness of carcinoma is typically associated with a significant epithelial-to-mesenchymal phenotypical shift (EMT). While several pathways have been identified as the driving force for EMT, mechanisms that epithelial cells depend on to prevent or reverse EMT are largely unknown. To this end, the tumor suppressive maspin inhibits tumor cell motility, invasion, pericellular plasminogen activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and blocks the prostate tumor-induced bone remodeling. Furthermore, a general correlation between maspin expression and better differentiated epithelial phenotypes has been noted, with established cell lines, in an in vivo model for prostate tumor bone metastasis and in human prostate tissue specimens. The objective of the current study is to test whether maspin is sufficient to drive the program of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). We showed that stably transfected DU145 that express maspin (M7) formed spheroid structures of polarized cells with a hollow lumen in 3D collagen I culture. The M7 acini in 3D collagen were encircled with reorganized fibrillar collagen, while the Neo control cells degraded collagen fibrils. The spheroid formation was abolished when M7 cells were transfected with maspin shRNA. Under the same condition, no redifferentiation of DU145 cells, with or without maspin, occurred in 3D Matrigel. To examine what other cellular and molecular changes are associated with the maspin-led tumor cell redifferentiation, we performed immunofluorescent staining and found that maspin correlated with highly organized β1-integrin localized on the periphery of the M7 spheroids. We confirmed the secretion of maspin protein by prostate epithelial cells. To test whether the effect of maspin on prostate epithelial cell differentiation depends on uPA or uPAR, we performed the 3D collagen spheroid formation assay in the presence of specific neutralizing antibodies. We found that only the neutralizing antibodies of either uPA or uPAR led to a slight increase of the size of the spheroids. While uPA and uPAR may be targeted as a part of the biological activities of maspin, our results suggest that the effect of maspin more than just blocks the uPA/uPAR cascade. Indeed, mRNA microarray, with cDNA derived from Neo and M7 cells grown in 2D cultures, 3D culture in collagen I and bone tumors in the Scid-Hu model, identified 32 commonly up-regulated genes and commonly down-regulated genes upon maspin expression. These epigenetic changes, along with other evidence, support the hypothesis that maspin induces MET in prostate tumor cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3359. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3359
Defective binding and function of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in peripheral mononuclear cells of patients with end-organ resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Authors: R Koren, A Ravid, U A Liberman, Z Hochberg, Y Weisman, A Novogrodsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Lectin-induced DNA synthesis by peripheral mononuclear cells from 17 normal donors was inhibited (40-60%) by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) at physiological concentrations (10(-10)-10(-9) M). The lymphocytes acquire specific receptors for 1,25(OH)2D3 upon activation by the lectins. This process precedes the inhibitory effect of 1,25(OH)2D3. We studied lymphocytes from six patients from four different kindreds with the syndrome of hereditary end-organ resistance to 1,25(OH)2D (the so-called vitamin D-dependent rickets type II). In five patients (three kindreds) peripheral blood mononuclear cells did not acquire receptors for 1,25(OH)2D3 upon phytohemagglutinin-induced activation. Moreover, in contrast to normal lymphocytes, the mitogenic stimulation of these patients' lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A was not inhibited by 1,25(OH)2D3. Activated lymphocytes of the sixth patient from a fourth kindred exhibited normal binding of [3H]1,25(OH)2D3 but the hormone failed to inhibit the mitogenic stimulation. A similar pattern of the vitamin D effector system was previously observed in fibroblasts cultured from skin biopsies of the same group of patients. The conclusions from these findings are: (a) the inhibition of mitogenic stimulation by 1,25(OH)2D3 is mediated by specific functional receptors to the hormone; and (b) the receptors for 1,25(OH)2D3 in mononuclear cells are probably controlled genetically by the same mechanisms as the effector system in well-characterized target organs of the hormone, such as intestine and kidney.
Emergency service under threat from working time directive
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Emergency services could be forced to shut next autumn if trusts fail to overhaul the way units are run to cope with a drop in junior doctors' hours, the BMA has warned.

Under the European working time directive junior doctors will not be allowed to work more than 58 hours a week from next August—14 hours less than the current 72 hours a week. A further reduction to 48 hours a week will be gradually introduced over the …
P649A possible role for the ATM protein in the myocardial pathology associated with obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: B Huisamen, H Strijdom, N Collop, Y Espach
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Ataxia-telangiectasie (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by mutations in the ATM (ataxia-telengtiectasie mutated) gene. The gene product, ATM, is a 350kDa serine/threonine protein kinase belonging to the family of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase like kinases (PIKK) and has a large number of substrates in various signalling pathways. ATM can be localized to the nuclear, cytosolic or mitochondrial compartments of a cell. Patients suffering from A-T have either no or very low expression of ATM and display a very high incidence of insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus and are more susceptible to ischaemic heart disease. ATM is activated by insulin, hypoxia, DNA-strand breaks or oxidative stress and has been implicated in the development of cancer, metabolic disorders, low anti-oxidant defence and atherosclerosis. Because of scant information on (i) the role of ATM in signalling cascades especially in the heart, (ii) the possible cardiovascular effects of ATM and (iii) evidence that obesity may alter the expression of ATM, we aimed to investigate the expression and impact of ATM in the heart in the context of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Methods: Wistar rats were rendered obese and insulin resistant (DIO) by feeding a diet supplemented with sugar and fat for a period of 16 weeks. Glucose tolerance, fasting insulin and glucose levels were determined and, after sacrifice, body weight and intra-peritoneal fat weight of the animals. Ventricular cardiomyocytes were prepared by perfusion-digestion and insulin responses measured using accumulation of [3H]2-deoxyglucose. The specific ATM inhibitor KU60019 was used to manipulate activity of the protein. Expression of ATM was determined by Western blotting and specific, commercially available antibodies. Cardiac mitochondria were prepared by differential centrifugation and their oxidative capacity determined using a Clark-type electrode. Cardiac micro-vascular endothelial cells were purchased commercially. Results: We have demonstrated for the first time that: (i) the expression of ATM is downregulated in the heart in obesity/insulin resistance; (ii) Inhibition of ATM in cardiomyocytes attenuates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake; (iii) ATM is expressed in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells; (iv) ATM is also localized to myocardial mitochondria and (v) its expression is downregulated in mitochondria from hearts of obese animals that also display mitochondrial dysfunction. We conclude that ATM is a potential roleplayer in the development of a diabetic cardiomyopathy
Redarkening of Port-Wine Stains 10 Years after Pulsed-Dye–Laser Treatment
Authors: Menno Huikeshoven, Petra H.L. Koster, Corianne A.J.M. de Borgie, Johan F. Beek, Martin J.C. van Gemert, Chantal M.A.M. van der Horst
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Although pulsed-dye-laser therapy is currently the gold standard for the treatment of port-wine stains, few objective data are available on its long-term efficacy. Using objective color measurements, we performed a 10-year follow-up of a previously conducted prospective clinical study of the treatment of port-wine stains with a pulsed-dye laser.We invited the patients to undergo repeated color measurements performed by the same procedures as in the previous study. The results at long-term follow-up were compared with color measurements obtained before treatment and after completion of an average of five laser treatments of the complete port-wine stain. A questionnaire was used to investigate patients' satisfaction with the treatment and their perception of long-term changes in the stain.Of the 89 patients from whom color measurements were obtained in the previous study, 51 were included in this study. The patients had received a median of seven additional treatment sessions since the last color measurement, which had been made after an average of five treatments. The median length of follow-up was 9.5 years. On average, the stain when measured at follow-up was significantly darker than it was when measured after the last of the initial five laser treatments (P=0.001), but it was still significantly lighter than it was when measured before treatment (P<0.001). Fifty-nine percent of patients were satisfied with the overall treatment result. Six percent of patients reported that the stain had become lighter since their last treatment, 59% that it was unchanged, and 35% that it had become darker.Using objective color measurements, we observed significant redarkening of port-wine stains at long-term follow-up after pulsed-dye-laser therapy. Patients should be informed about the possibility of redarkening before beginning treatment.
Brain in a Box
Authors: Allan H. Ropper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The brain, despite its sophistication, resides in a rudimentary container. The rigid cranium restricts enlargement of its contents, so that intracranial pressure rises rapidly as brain volume expands. When pressure becomes greatly elevated, cerebral blood flow is impeded, and the result is brain death. For this reason, the reduction of elevated intracranial pressure is a central theme in the management of traumatic brain injury, cerebral hemorrhage, and most other intracranial mass lesions. The widely adopted recommendation of the Brain Trauma Foundation is to keep intracranial pressure below 20 mm Hg in order to avoid poor outcome1; adherence requires that . . .
Migrating Tumor Thrombus Trapped Within the Greenfield Filter of the Inferior Vena Cava and Depicted by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yiyan Liu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 72-year-old woman with leiomyosarcoma of the left thigh underwent a whole-body FDG PET/CT for staging, which demonstrated a large FDG-avid tumor in the left thigh and tumor thrombosis involving the profunda femoris artery/vein and superior femoral vein. A Greenfield filter was placed in the inferior vena cava before the radical resection of the tumor and thrombosis. Postoperative PET/CT showed an FDG-avid embolus trapped within the solid apical cap of the filter in the inferior vena cava. It was unknown if the tumor embolus migrated to the inferior vena cava before or during the surgical procedure of radical resection.
Disentangling functional from structural descriptions, and the coordinating role of attention
Authors: Knut Drewing, Werner X. Schneider
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract The target article fails to disentangle the functional description from the structural description of the two somatosensory streams. Additional evidence and thorough reconsideration of the evidence cited argue for a functional distinction between the how processing and the what processing of somatosensory information, while questioning the validity and usefulness of the equation of these two types of processing with structural streams. We propose going one step further: to investigate how the distinct functional streams are coordinated via attention.
Requirement of the human T-cell leukemia virus p12 and p30 products for infectivity of human dendritic cells and macaques but not rabbits
Authors: Valerio W. Valeri, Anna Hryniewicz, Vibeke Andresen, Kathy Jones, Claudio Fenizia, Izabela Bialuk, Hye Kyung Chung, Risaku Fukumoto, Robyn Washington Parks, Maria Grazia Ferrari, Christophe Nicot, Valentina Cecchinato, Frank Ruscetti, Genoveffa Franchini
Journal: Blood (2010)
GNAS-activating mutations define a rare subgroup of inflammatory liver tumors characterized by STAT3 activation
Authors: Jean Charles Nault, Monique Fabre, Gabrielle Couchy, Camilla Pilati, Emmanuelle Jeannot, Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu, Marie-Christine Saint-Paul, Anne De Muret, Marie-José Redon, Catherine Buffet, Sylvie Salenave, Charles Balabaud, Sophie Prevot, Philippe Labrune, Paulette Bioulac-Sage, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Philippe Chanson, Jessica Zucman-Rossi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)