tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple cutaneous myxoid cysts with transepidermal elimination
Authors: D. Bessis, A. Rebora, F. Rongioletti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Multiple cutaneous myxoid cysts with transepidermal elimination Get access D. Bessis, D. Bessis Department of Dermatology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier University 1, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 80, avenue Auguste Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France E‐mail: d‐bessis@chu‐montpellier.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Rebora, A. Rebora Section of Dermatology, DISEM, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Rongioletti F. Rongioletti Section of Dermatology, DISEM, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 4, 1 October 2008, Pages 988–990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08762.x Published: 01 October 2008
Platelet CD40L mediates thrombotic and inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis
Authors: Dirk Lievens, Alma Zernecke, Tom Seijkens, Oliver Soehnlein, Linda Beckers, Imke C. A. Munnix, Erwin Wijnands, Pieter Goossens, Roger van Kruchten, Larissa Thevissen, Louis Boon, Richard A. Flavell, Randolph J. Noelle, Norbert Gerdes, Erik A. Biessen, Mat J. A. P. Daemen, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Christian Weber, Esther Lutgens
Journal: Blood (2010)
Bone Marrow Necrosis From Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: Harvey Katzen
Journal: JAMA (1980)

ALTHOUGH anemia and leukopenia are not unusual with tuberculosis, pancytopenia is rare. 1,2 When pancytopenia does occur, it is usually due to an underlying primary hematologic disorder and is almost always fatal. 3,4   Report of a Case  A 36-year-old man was admitted to the hospital complaining of fever, chills, and night sweats of four weeks' duration. He had a mild, nonproductive cough and appeared acutely ill and tremulous. His temperature was 39.8 ° C; pulse rate, 108 beats per minute, and blood pressure, 110/70 mm Hg. A 4-cm diameter supraclavicular lymph node was easily palpable. The chest was clear to auscultation. Total liver span was 20 cm. The spleen could not be felt.  Laboratory studies disclosed the following: hematocrit level, 25%; WBC count, 2,800/μL; and differential cell count: 52% segmented neutrophils, 23% band forms, 21% lymphocytes, 1% eosinophils, 1% monocytes, and 2% metamyelocytes. The platelet count was 327,000/μL. His chest
African Haemoglobinuric Fever, Commonly Called Blackwater Fever
Authors: R. M. Connolly
Journal: BMJ (1898)

HAiMOGLOBINURIC fever is a disease of Europeans resident in Western Equatorial Africa, and is an acute specific fever, characterised by rapid jaundice, hlemoglobinuria, and fre- quently suppression of urine.Three varieties exist-the sthenic, the insidious, and the pernicious.In the first, from which recovery is common, the attack is sudden, the fever is high at the beginning, and the urine is copious.In the second the attack is insidious, as in a case of remittent fever, but haemoglobinuria and jaundice intervene and early suppression of urine occurs.In the third the onset is sudden, the temperature quickly rises highi and quickly falls, jaundice appears at once, and suppression of urine occurs within twenty-four hours.Recovery is not to be expected in the insidious and pernicious varieties.This disease is to be found amongst Europeans resident in Western Equatorial Africa from the Senegal to Loanda, and in Madagascar.The cases which are reported from Mauritius, Java, and Hong Kong are unlikely to be fever of the African type.
Words To The Wise: Learning from the past
Authors: W M Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

How many practising chest physicians can envisage the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis without antibiotics? Doctors in Africa and in India and the Far East may be faced with this problem within a few years–and the rest of the world soon afterwards. The emergence of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis may soon outpace the development of new antibiotics.

As recently as 1950 we treated thousands of patients with tuberculosis with prolonged bedrest and collapse therapy. My own artificial pneumothorax was induced at Guy's on VE Day in 1945 and abandoned five years later. Streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic …
Modification of topoisomerase genes copy number in newly diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: E Guérin, N Entz-Werlé, D Eyer, E Pencreac'h, A Schneider, A Falkenrodt, F Uettwiller, A Babin, A-C Voegeli, M Lessard, M-P Gaub, P Lutz, P Oudet
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Differentiation between malignant and benign follicular adnexal tumours of the skin by DNA image cytometry
Authors: M. Vogelbruch, A. Rutten, A. Bocking, A. Kapp, P. Kiehl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

We have demonstrated in previous studies that DNA image cytometry (DNA ICM) can be helpful in detecting malignancy in sebaceous tumours of the Muir-Torre syndrome and sweat gland tumours. However, little is known about DNA ICM in cutaneous adnexal tumours with follicular differentiation.To study a larger series of benign and malignant follicular adnexal tumours with DNA ICM.We studied 13 malignant follicular tumours (seven trichilemmal carcinomas, five malignant proliferating pilar tumours, one pilomatrix carcinoma) and 55 benign follicular tumours (four tumours of the follicular infundibulum, seven Winer's pores, eight trichilemmomas, two trichofolliculomas, 16 trichoepitheliomas, 13 pilomatrixomas, five trichoblastomas) by DNA ICM. All cases were clear-cut as malignant or benign, respectively, on histopathological criteria. The stemline interpretation according to Böcking et al. (DNA distribution in gastric cancer and dysplasia. In: Precancerous Conditions and Lesions of the Stomach, Zhang YC, Kawai K, eds. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993: 103-20) was performed in all cases. In addition, 5[c]-exceeding events (5cEE) and the 2[c] deviation index (2cDI) were calculated, except in one histopathologically benign tumour, which revealed euploid polyploidization, as the analysis of 5cEE and 2cDI is not valid in that case.A 2cDI threshold of 0.24 proved to be the most reliable marker for the distinction between malignant and benign follicular tumours. On the basis of this feature, all malignant and benign tumours were correctly classified. A specificity of 100% was achieved by all three interpretation methods, but the sensitivity of 2cDI for the detection of malignant tumours was superior to the analysis of 5cEE (sensitivity 77%) and to the stemline interpretation (sensitivity 23%).DNA ICM may be helpful in distinguishing between malignant and benign follicular tumours.
South African drug companies are found guilty of price fixing
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Four South African drug manufacturers have been found by the country’s competition authority to have colluded in fixing bids for the supply of products to the tender system through which the state buys drugs for its hospitals and healthcare services.

One of the companies, Adcock Ingram, is one of the largest makers of generic drugs in South Africa and holds several licences from multinational pharmaceutical companies for the local manufacture—supposedly cheaply—of drugs used to treat HIV and AIDS. The three other companies, one of which assisted the authority and gave details of …
Remission of Chronic Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Treatment with Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab
Authors: Xinglong Zheng, Arnel M. Pallera, Lawrence T. Goodnough, J. Evan Sadler, Morey A. Blinder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in adults is usually caused by autoantibody inhibitors of ADAMTS13. Treatment with plasma exchange is often effective but does not address the underlying autoimmune process. Objective: To report the efficacy of intensive immunosuppressive therapy in refractory TTP. Design: Case report. Setting: University medical center. Patient: 42-year-old woman with chronic relapsing TTP. Intervention: Immunosuppression therapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide. Measurements: ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitors and hematologic variables for TTP. Results: For 19 months, the patient had relapsing thrombotic microangiopathy despite plasma exchange; splenectomy; and therapy with vincristine, prednisone, and cyclosporine. ADAMTS13 activity was low, and tests detected an IgG inhibitor that recognized the metalloprotease domain of recombinant ADAMTS13. After treatment with rituximab and cyclophosphamide, the disease remitted, ADAMTS13 levels normalized, and the inhibitor was undetectable. The patient has required no treatment for 13 months. Conclusion: Intensive immunosuppressive therapy can lead to sustained clinical remission in patients with refractory autoimmune TTP.
A PYOGENIC FILTERABLE AGENT IN THE ALBINO RAT
Authors: William H. Woglom, Joel Warren
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

A filterable agent resembling the viruses is described. It was encountered in sarcoma 39, a propagable neoplasm of the white rat, and has now been maintained in this species for 28 passages over a period of some 7 months without appreciable loss in virulence. Its chief effect is the production of large abscesses in an animal species comparatively resistant both to viral diseases and suppuration. The white mouse is more susceptible than the white rat, the rabbit less so, and the guinea pig highly resistant. The agent has been repeatedly recovered from sarcoma 39 treated in special ways, but under the ordinary circumstances of routine transplantation it does not manifest itself. As yet there is no certainty on where it came from or how it maintains itself under natural conditions.
Spatial Data Analysis
Authors: Sudipto Banerjee
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2015)

With increasing accessibility to geographic information systems (GIS) software, statisticians and data analysts routinely encounter scientific data sets with geocoded locations. This has generated considerable interest in statistical modeling for location-referenced spatial data. In public health, spatial data routinely arise as aggregates over regions, such as counts or rates over counties, census tracts, or some other administrative delineation. Such data are often referred to as areal data. This review article provides a brief overview of statistical models that account for spatial dependence in areal data. It does so in the context of two applications: disease mapping and spatial survival analysis. Disease maps are used to highlight geographic areas with high and low prevalence, incidence, or mortality rates of a specific disease and the variability of such rates over a spatial domain. They can also be used to detect hot spots or spatial clusters that may arise owing to common environmental, demographic, or cultural effects shared by neighboring regions. Spatial survival analysis refers to the modeling and analysis for geographically referenced time-to-event data, where a subject is followed up to an event (e.g., death or onset of a disease) or is censored, whichever comes first. Spatial survival analysis is used to analyze clustered survival data when the clustering arises from geographical regions or strata. Illustrations are provided in these application domains.
Genetic and environmental factors that regulate cytosolic epoxide hydrolase activity in normal human lymphocytes.
Authors: K K Norris, T M DeAngelo, E S Vesell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

To determine whether genetic mechanisms control large variations in cytosolic epoxide hydrolase (cEH) activity of unstimulated lymphocytes from normal human subjects, cEH activity was measured in (a) 6 sets of monozygotic (MZ) twins and 6 sets of dizygotic (DZ) twins; (b) 100 unrelated male subjects; and (c) 6 families. The twin study revealed predominantly genetic control (H2(1) = 0.95). Variability was markedly less within MZ (intrapair variance = 0.25) than DZ twins (intrapair variance = 6.33). In 100 unrelated male subjects the extent of interindividual variation was 11-fold. Unimodal distribution of values among 99 subjects encompassed a sixfold range. One outlier with very high activity clearly stood apart. Using the whole distribution curve we phenotyped members of six families. In the outlier's family, analysis of three generations suggested autosomal dominant transmission of high cEH activity. Analysis of the other 5 families and of 12 sets of twins, all from the large unimodal distribution, was consistent with either monogenic or polygenic control of variations within this mode. Several temporal host factors, including fever, the menstrual cycle, a 24-h fast, and diurnal variations, were investigated. Fever and fasting elevated cEH activity. Diurnal variations produced no observable alteration. During the menstrual cycle irregular fluctuations occurred.
Clinical Management of Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Interstitial Deletion of Chromosome 5q
Authors: Stephen D. Nimer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Deletions of the long (q) arm of chromosome 5 [del(5q)]occur in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including, but not limited to, those who meet the WHO definition of the 5q- syndrome. Del(5q) MDS patients frequently have symptomatic anemia, and its treatment has traditionally consisted of RBC transfusions and, for some, iron chelation therapy. Erythropoietin, darbepoetin, hypomethylating agents, and lenalidomide can enhance erythropoiesis in MDS patients with anemia, increasing hemoglobin levels and abrogating RBC transfusion requirements. Lenalidomide is particularly active in treating the anemia of del(5q) MDS, which is especially relevant given the low response rate to erythropoietin in this group of patients. In a recent study of 43 MDS patients, 10 of 12 patients (83%) with del(5q) MDS achieved sustained RBC transfusion independence (or a > 2 g/dL increase in hemoglobin), compared with 57% of those with a normal karyotype and 12% of those with other karyotypic abnormalities. Complete cytogenetic remissions were achieved in 75% (nine of 12) of the del(5q) MDS patients, suggesting that lenalidomide targets a fundamental pathogenetic feature of MDS that is more pronounced in the presence of chromosomal 5q deletions. This review highlights some issues about the classification and treatment of del(5q) MDS.
Atrial Rhythm in Ventricular Tachycardia Occurring During Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: A. D. KISTIN, A. TAWAKKOL, R. A. MASSUMI
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The atrial rhythm was studied in 38 patients during runs of tachycardia of five or more beats in sequence which occurred during cardiac catheterization and whose ventricular site of origin could be established with considerable confidence. Simultaneous esophageal and other leads were recorded. The most frequent mechanism was retrograde conduction to the atria with varying degrees of V-A (ventriculo-atrial) block which occurred in 26 of the 38 patients. Runs of ventricular tachycardia with one-to-one V-A conduction occurred in 13 patients. Runs with an independent atrial rhythm (A-V dissociation) occurred in nine patients. Varying atrial mechanisms during different runs of tachycardia occurred in 11 patients. The minimum QRS-to-retrograde P intervals in 24 of 35 patients with V-A conduction were within 0.03 sec of P-R interval. The briefest QRS-to-retrograde P interval observed was 0.09 sec. Reciprocal beats occurred in eight of 35 patients with V-A conduction.
Underlying immunopathology as a cause of adverse responses to two intravenous anaesthetic agents.
Authors: J Watkins, A Padfield, J D Alderson
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A patient who had shown some evidence of immunological sensitivity underwent several operations under general anaesthesia for otitis media without ill effect. On his second exposure to Althesin, however, he suffered a severe reaction. Facial angioneurotic oedema was accompanied by peripheral vasodilatation and sweating, and C3 conversion was observed in his plasma. Subsequent anaesthetics produced no reactions until four years later, when thiopentone and suxamethonium were given. This reaction was much milder, but C3 conversion again occurred. Although the clinical signs indicated an anaphylactoid reaction, the laboratory findings suggested that this patient had an underlying immunopathological condition involving complement activation, which could be triggered by any intravenous agent that activated complement. The judgment that a reaction to a particular drug is anaphylactic cannot be made on the basis of clinical signs alone. Simple laboratory analysis will show whether the reaction is due to an underlying immunopathological condition that may be triggered by any of several drugs.
Returning language to culture by way of biology
Authors: Bjorn Merker
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Conflation of our unique human endowment for language with innate, so-called universal, grammar has banished language from its biological home. The facts reviewed by Evans &amp; Levinson (E&amp;L) fit the biology of cultural transmission. My commentary highlights our dedicated learning capacity for vocal production learning as the form of our language endowment compatible with those facts.
STUDIES IN STEROID METABOLISM. XIX. THE a-KETOSTEROID EXCRETION PATTERN IN NORMAL MALES 1
Authors: Konrad Dobriner, Attallah Kappas, C. P. Rhoads, T. F. Gallagher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)

The urinary steroids afford a means for evalua- tion of the production of steroid hormones by the adrenal and gonads.Any alteration in either rate of type of hormone production by the glands re- sulting from specific disease or from hormonal therapy therefore must be manifest by qualitative or quantitative change in the excretion of steroid hormone metabolites.In order to delineate the composition of these metabolites in normal healthy subjects, the present investigation describing the a-ketosteroid excretion pattern was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwenty normal males, ranging in age from 21 to 76, were studied.Of this number, eighteen were White and one was Negro; Subject D31 was a Nisei.Subjects C21 and M21 were normal males hospitalized at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, for the pur- pose of studying some of the metabolic effects of oral Cortisone and intravenous ACTH; Subjects K31, R32, R63, C64, M65, and M72 were subjects of similar study at the Baltimore City Hospitals, Baltimore, Maryland.Only control periods of these eight subjects are reported here.The remainder of the subjects are, or were, employees of this Institute, working and in apparent good health.The details of urine collection and handling in this laboratory have been reported previously (1).
CESSATION OF DIABETES INSIPIDUS ON ROENTGEN-RAY TREATMENT OF PITUITARY GLAND
Authors: E. B. TOWNE
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Diabetes insipidus is a rare disease, which was defined by Frank as a long continued abnormally increased secretion of non-saccharine urine that is not caused by a diseased condition of the kidneys. The combined statistics of Fitz, 1 Rowntree 2 and Williams, 3 based on more than 3,000,000 hospital admissions, give an incidence of 16.5 per hundred thousand. Maranon 4 has personally observed fifty-one cases.  The cause of diabetes insipidus is not definitely known. The anatomic evidence points to a lesion involving the stalk or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Kennaway and Mottram 5 found no record of a case of diabetes insipidupost-hich abnormality of the pituitary gland was excluded with certainty by post-, mortem examination. The lesion may be tumor, gumma, tubercle, basilar meningitis, gunshot wound, or fracture across the middle fossa of the skull. The experimental work of Cushing 6 showed that an enduring polyuria could be
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GOUT AND GOUTY ARTHRITIS
Authors: PHILIP S. HENCH
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Contrary to general belief, gout is fairly common in the United States; but it is frequently unrecognized. Most patients with gouty arthritis have their disease for several years and endure a number of attacks before a correct diagnosis is made.<sup>1</sup>This is unfortunate because, of the various articular diseases, acute gouty arthritis is one of the most responsive to treatment. Hence the most important point in the treatment of gout and gouty arthritis is its recognition. The diagnosis of gout must therefore be considered in some detail.<sup>2</sup> Gout is a disease of unknown etiology characterized chiefly by (1) arthritis, which is at first acute and recurrent, each attack being followed by complete symptomatic remission, but which later tends to become chronic; (2) supposed abnormality in the renal excretion of uric acid, the end product of purine metabolism; (3) hyperuricemia, which is usually transient at first but later generally
Inoculum Size and the Apparent Sensitivity of Staphylococci to Penicillins
Authors: Lippman H. Geronimus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

RECENT discoveries have made it possible to produce semisynthetic penicillins economically. One of these, alpha-phenoxyethyl penicillin (phenethicillin or penicillin-152), is now being marketed. Since this antibiotic is advertised as possessing possible effectiveness against staphylococci resistant to other penicillins, it is timely to review certain facts that have been well established for more than a decade and to see how they may help in the evaluation of the data on which the claims for alpha-phenoxyethyl penicillin are based.It is generally agreed that most, if not all, penicillin-resistant staphylococci encountered clinically owe their resistance to their possession of a penicillinase. In . . .
Progress in Lipid Reporting Practices and Reliability of Blood Cholesterol Measurement in Clinical Laboratories in Nebraska
Authors: Bruce M. McManus
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The National Cholesterol Education Program has recommended that all laboratories be consistent, precise, and accurate in the reporting and measurement of blood cholesterol levels. In a follow-up to a 1984 survey study, we assessed the changes in reporting procedures for measurements of blood lipid levels in 16 clinical laboratories in Nebraska. Using human serum reference materials of known cholesterol concentrations provided by the Centers for Disease Control, we also assessed the precision and accuracy of measurement of blood cholesterol levels in clinical laboratories in Nebraska. Fourteen of the 16 laboratories restudied in 1987 had altered the reference range for total serum cholesterol since 1984,86% of whom lowered the upper limit of the reference range. Eleven of 16 laboratories expressed reference ranges for total serum cholesterol in terms of patient age in 1987, while only 7 of 20 did in 1984. Gender-based reference ranges increased from 0 to 5 from 1984 to 1987. Similar trends were seen in the reporting of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Reporting procedures varied greatly; only 1 laboratory used National Cholesterol Education Program risk levels for measuring total serum cholesterol levels. Fifteen laboratories met the National Cholesterol Education Program recommendation for precision (coefficient of variation, ≤5%) and 78% of laboratories obtained results that satisfied the current recommendation for accuracy (within 5% of "true value," as determined by the Centers for Disease Control). (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:83-88)