tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
105. Comparative Study on the Gene Expression Profile of HIV-1 Based Lentiviral Vectors Transduced Human and Murine Cells
Authors: Yuan Zhao, Selina Azam, Robin Thorpe
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Lentiviral vectors have proved promising for the neurological disease and stem cell targeting. There is increasing interest and significant progress in the modification and clinical applications of these vectors. Although these vectors can integrate into host cell chromosomes as for MLV based retroviral vectors and there are no direct reports of insertion mutagenesis by HIV-1 based Lentiviral vectors. However the significant pathogenic nature of their parental virus (HIV-1) is still a major safety concern with these vectors and hampers the progress with their clinical applications. In particular the recent report of the potential oncogene activity of the WPRE sequence in Lentiviral vectors (Kingsman et al 2004, Gene therapy 12:2-3) further raises consideration on the safety issues of Lentiviral vectors. Systematic assessment on the safety profile of these vectors becomes increasingly important for future safety control of their clinical application. For this purpose, we have used microarray methodology to investigate and compare cellular gene changes in human cell lines and mouse tissues after Lentiviral vector transduction. Our results revealed modest gene changes in transduced cells. The expression of potential oncogenic genes have been further validated and discussed.
TCT-661 Assessments of Lipid Plaque and Thrombus With a Novel High-Definition 60-MHz IVUS Imaging System: Comparison with Conventional 40-MHz IVUS and Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Shigemitsu Tanaka, Kenji Sakamoto, Hideki Kitahara, Kaori Nakagawa, Paul Yock, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Fumiaki Ikeno, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Combined Injection of rAAV with Mannitol Enhances Gene Expression in the Rat Brain
Authors: Mihail Y. Mastakov, Kristin Baer, Ruian Xu, Helen Fitzsimons, Matthew J. During
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) are highly efficient vectors for gene transfer into the central nervous system (CNS). However, a major hurdle for gene delivery to the mammalian brain is to achieve high-level transduction in target cells beyond the immediate injection site. Therefore, in addition to improvements in expression cassettes and viral titers, optimal injection parameters need to be defined. Here, we show that previous studies of somatic cell gene transfer to the mammalian brain have used suboptimal injection parameters, with even the lowest reported perfusion rates still excessively fast. Moreover, we evaluated the effect of local administration of mannitol to further enhance transgene expression and vector spread. Ultraslow microperfusion of rAAV, i.e., <33 nl/min, resulted in significantly higher gene expression and less injury of surrounding tissue than the previously reported rates of 100 nl/min or faster. Co-infusion of mannitol facilitated gene transfer to neurons, increasing both the total number and the distribution of transduced cells by 200–300%. Gene transfer studies in the CNS using rAAV should use very slow infusion rates and combined injection with mannitol to maximize transduction efficiency and spread.
Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine
Authors: Edzard Ernst
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters3 August 1999Alternative Views on Alternative MedicineEdzard Ernst, MD, PhD, FRCPEdzard Ernst, MD, PhD, FRCPUniversity of Exeter; Exeter, United Kingdom (Ernst)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Kaptchuk and Eisenberg (1) aimed at explaining the more esoteric reasons for the present popularity of complementary and alternative medicine. Davidoff, in his accompanying editorial, argues that understanding the underlying paradoxes would benefit physicians and patients alike (2). I would like to expand on a much more profane possible reason for the prevalence of alternative medicine. U.S. sales data of BMW cars (used as a marker of affluence) were obtained from the BMW head office in Munich, Germany. These data were correlated with both U.S. consumer use of herbal remedies and sales figures from the U.S. herbal ...References1. Kaptchuk TJ, Eisenberg DM. The persuasive appeal of alternative medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:1061-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Davidoff F. Weighing the alternatives: lessons from the paradoxes of alternative medicine [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:1068-70. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Brevoort P. The booming U.S. botanical market: a new overview. HerbalGram. 1998;44:33-48. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Edzard Ernst, MD, PhD, FRCPAffiliations: University of Exeter; Exeter, United Kingdom (Ernst) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Persuasive Appeal of Alternative Medicine Ted J. Kaptchuk and David M. Eisenberg Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Ted J. Kaptchuk and David M. Eisenberg Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Charles M. Bagley Jr. Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Allen F. Shaughnessy Alternative Views on Alternative Medicine Arunabha Ganguly More on Alternative Medicine Michael J. Sergeant More on Alternative Medicine Ted J. Kaptchuk Metrics Cited byAlternative Medicine for the Treatment of Pain in the Rehabilitation PatientHerbal medicineRise in popularity of complementary and alternative medicine: reasons and consequences for vaccinationComplementary and alternative medicine in the practice of otolaryngologyMore on Alternative MedicineMichael J. Sergeant, MD 3 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 3 Page: 230 Keywords Complementary and alternative medicine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 3 August 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
More medical students should be educated in the community, US report says
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Output of medical schools in the United States is lagging behind the country’s rapidly evolving healthcare needs, says a report published on 29 January. But projected growth in medical education offers an unprecedented opportunity for reform, it adds.

The report, which drew on a number of research papers and a conference last October, calls for more education to be carried out in the community and for a greater emphasis on preventive health.

“Medical schools must reduce significantly their dependence on high tech hospitals and find ways to educate their students in community settings, where patients receive the vast majority of their health care,” said the study chairman, …
Studies of the Deaf: Relevance to Psychiatric Theory
Authors: KENNETH Z. ALTSHULER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The author reports observations extending over 16 years of persons with early total deafness. Despite the variety and severity of early stresses, schizophrenia did not appear with unusual frequency, although hallucinations (alleged to be auditory) occurred in about the same proportion as in schizophrenics with hearing. Obsessional character problems and psychotic depression were rare, but an increase in impulsive behavior was noted; the author hypothesizes that audition is somehow necessary to the internalized control of rage.
Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for All?
Authors: Christopher P. Cannon
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels in patients with psoriasis
Authors: R.E. SCHOPF, S. NAUMANN, M. REHDER, B. MORSCHES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

A newly developed ELISA was used to detect and quantify the presence of a soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) in the circulation of healthy individuals compared with patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Seventeen psoriatic patients were studied. The extent of skin lesions was rated by the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Seventeen age‐ and sex‐matched healthy individuals served as controls. Serum levels were measured by an ELISA technique utilizing an anti‐ICAM‐1 murine monoclonal antibody bound to the solid phase, and a second, peroxidase‐conjugated monoclonal antibody reacting with sICAM‐1. Serum levels in controls were 358.8±87.9 ng/ml sICAM‐1, and 480.5±133.6 ng/ml in psoriatics (mean±SD; P=0.02). In psoriasis. sICAM‐1 levels were found to be directly proportional to the PASI score (y=363.002 + 8.525x, R=0.55. P=0.021). These data suggest that the concentration of sICAM‐1 in serum increases during psoriatic inflammation. The origin and function of sICAM‐1 in psoriasis remain to be defined.
Medico-Sociologic Data Wanted.
Authors: R. R. Kime
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Atlanta, Ga., March 1. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The sociological committee of the Tri-State Medical Society of Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee desires information relative to any and all states that have enacted laws regulating marriage of criminals, insane, epileptics, tuberculous or those suffering with venereal disease. It also desires information of any legal enactments or literature on the subject of rendering habitual criminals sterile. Any information along this line, from any of your readers, will be greatly appreciated and gladly received. 308 and 310 Eng.-Amer. Building.
Deeply Diverged Alleles in the Arabidopsis AREB1 Transcription Factor Drive Genome-Wide Differences in Transcriptional Response to the Environment
Authors: David L. Des Marais, Wesley D. Skillern, Thomas E. Juenger
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2014)

Gene regulatory variation is an important driver of the evolution of physiological and developmental responses to the environment. The abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway has long been studied as a key component of the cellular response to abiotic stresses in plants. We identify two haplotypes in an Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor, AREB1, which plays a central role in ABA-mediated response to osmotic stress. These two haplotypes show the sequence signature of long-term maintenance of genetic diversity, suggesting a role for a diversifying selection process such as balancing selection. We find that the two haplotypes, distinguished by a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms and the presence or absence of four small insertion/deletions in AREB1 intron 1 and exon 2, are at roughly equal frequencies in Arabidopsis, and show high linkage disequilibrium and deep sequence divergence. We use a transgenic approach, along with mRNA Sequencing-based assay of genome-wide expression levels, and find considerable functional divergence between alleles representing the two haplotype groups. Specifically, we find that, under benign soil-water conditions, transgenic lines containing different AREB1 alleles differ in the expression of a large number of genes associated with pathogen response. There are relatively modest gene expression differences between the two transgenic lines under restricted soil water content. Our finding of pathogen-related activity expands the known roles of AREB1 in A. thaliana and reveals the molecular basis of gene-by-environment interaction in a putatively adaptive plant regulatory protein.
Vigorous Weight Reduction During Pregnancy
Authors: Charles E. Allen, John Q. Adams, I. Frank Tullis, Richard R. Overman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

OBESITY accompanying pregnancy is generally acknowleged to be undesirable. In addition to the usual hazards associated with obesity, an increased incidence of certain complications of pregnancy has been observed, including toxemia of pregnancy, prolonged labor, difficult delivery due to large infant size, and postpartum hemorrhage.<sup>1</sup> The importance of a nutritionally adequate diet during pregnancy is universally recognized because of both maternal and fetal effects. While mild caloric restriction of such a diet is accepted as desirable in obese pregnant women, rather strong opposition to more severe caloric restriction in pregnancy has been voiced by Tompkins and Wiehl.<sup>2</sup> Positive nitrogen balance normally occurs in pregnancy. In a patient studied continuously for the last 65 days of pregnancy, Hummel et al<sup>3</sup>found an average positive nitrogen balance of 1.32 gm per day with an average daily nitrogen intake of 14.05 gm. In six pregnant patients studied over a total
Detection rates of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions within one screening round of primary human papillomavirus DNA testing: prospective randomised trial in Finland
Authors: M. K. Leinonen, P. Nieminen, S. Lonnberg, N. Malila, M. Hakama, A. Pokhrel, P. Laurila, J. Tarkkanen, A. Anttila
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <i>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis</i> is a well-defined model of type-2 immunity but the early lung-migrating phase is dominated by innate IL-17A production and neutrophilia. Using <i>N. brasiliensis</i> infection we confirm previous observations that <i>Il17a</i>-KO mice exhibit an impaired type-2 immune response. Neutrophil depletion and reconstitution studies demonstrated that neutrophils contribute to the subsequent eosinophilia but are not responsible for the ability of IL-17A to promote type-2 cytokine responses. Transcriptional profiling of the lung on day 2 of <i>N. brasiliensis</i> infection revealed an increased <i>Ifnγ</i> signature in the <i>Il17a</i>-KO mice confirmed by enhanced IFNγ protein production. Depletion of early IFNγ rescued type-2 immune responses in the <i>Il17a</i>-KO mice demonstrating that IL-17A-mediated suppression of IFNγ promotes type-2 immunity. Notably, when IL-17A was blocked later in infection, the type-2 response increased. IL-17A regulation of type-2 immunity was lung-specific and infection with <i>Trichuris muris,</i> revealed that IL-17A promotes a type-2 immune response in the lung even when a parasite lifecycle is restricted to the intestine. Together our data reveal IL-17A as a major regulator of pulmonary type-2 immunity which supports the development of a protective type-2 immune response but subsequently limits the magnitude of that response.
The Evolution of Vertebrate Antigen Receptors: A Phylogenetic Approach
Authors: M. H. Richards, J. L. Nelson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

Classical T cells, those with αβ T-cell receptors (TCRs), are an important component of the dominant paradigm for self-nonself immune recognition in vertebrates. αβ T cells recognize foreign peptide antigens when they are bound to MHC molecules on the surfaces of antigen-presenting cells. γδ T cells bear a similar receptor, and it is often assumed that these T cells also require specialized antigen-presenting molecules for immune recognition, which we term “indirect antigen recognition.” B-cell receptors, or immunoglobulins, bind directly to antigens without the help of a specialized antigen-presenting molecule. Phylogenetically, it has been assumed that T-cell receptors and the genes that encode them are a monophyletic group, and that “indirect” antigen recognition evolved before the split into two types of TCR. Recently, however, it has been proposed that γδ-TCRs bind directly to antigens, as do immunoglobulins (Ig’s). This calls into question the null hypothesis that indirect antigen recognition is a common characteristic of TCRs and, by extension, the hypothesis that all TCR gene sequences form a monophyletic group. To determine whether alternative explanations for antigen recognition and other historical relationships among TCR genes might be possible, we performed phylogenetic analyses on amino acid sequences of the constant and variable regions which encode the basic subunits of TCR and Ig molecules. We used both maximum-parsimony and genetic distance-based methods and could find no strong support for the hypothesis of TCR monophyly. Analyses of the constant region suggest that TCR γ or δ sequences are the most ancient, implying that the ancestral immune cell was like a modern γδ T cell. From this γδ-like ancestor arose αβ T cells and B cells, implying that indirect antigen recognition is indeed a derived property of αβ-TCRs. Analyses of the variable regions are complicated by strong selection on antigen-binding sequences, but imply that direct antigen binding is the ancestral condition.
Abstract 517: Deficiency of FAK in the bone marrow compartment enhances tumour metastasis
Authors: Silvia A. Batista, Louise Reynolds, Bernardo Tavora, Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The growth of tumours depends on the tumour microenvironment. This involves both resident stromal cells such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts and also bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a downstream effector of integrins and growth factor receptors, both known regulators of the tumour stroma. Thus FAK likely plays an important role in the regulation of the tumour microenvironment. Here we have generated adult mice RERTnERT/ERT; FAKfl/fl (UbFAKfl/fl) where FAK is deleted ubiquitously after treatment with tamoxifen (UbFAKKO). Our data demonstrate that loss of stromal FAK inhibits tumour growth even when the tumour cells themselves still express FAK. In a parallel study we have identified that endothelial FAK is required for tumour growth and angiogenesis (Tavora et al, under review). Moreover, we show that loss of FAK in the bone marrow compartment is sufficient to enhance tumour metastasis whilst tending to inhibit primary tumour growth. Taken together our data demonstrate that bone marrow-derived FAK plays a significant but differential role in primary tumour growth and metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 517. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-517
Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Bertha A. Bouroncle, Purnendu Datta, Walter J. Frajola
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Three patients with macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom obtained unequivocal, subjective and objective improvement on continuous administration of cyclophosphamide for varying periods from nine months to 21/2 years. The outstanding objective improvement was demonstrated by the ultracentrifugal quantitative analysis of the serum showing progressive decrease in macroglobulins. Comparative determinations of serum protein electrophoresis showed a marked decrease in the γ globulin peak. The hematological picture progressively returned to normal. Corticosteroids, as an adjunct therapy in patients having secondary hemolytic anemia, proved to be of value in correcting the
Evaluation of combined use of MALDI-TOF and Xpert® MRSA/SA BC assay for the direct detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from positive blood culture bottles
Authors: María Pilar Romero-Gómez, Marta Muñoz-Velez, Rosa Gómez-Gil, Jesús Mingorance
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Adherence to treatment for recently acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among injecting drug users
Authors: Jason Grebely, Gail V. Matthews, Margaret Hellard, David Shaw, Ingrid van Beek, Kathy Petoumenos, Maryam Alavi, Barbara Yeung, Paul S. Haber, Andrew R. Lloyd, John M. Kaldor, Gregory J. Dore
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Quantitative Determination of the Human Immune Response to Immunization with Meningococcal Vaccines
Authors: Emil C. Gotschlich, Michel Rey, Rene Triau, Kenneth J. Sparks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Radioactive antigen binding tests have been developed to measure quantitatively the antibody response of 167 adults, 84 children, and 51 infants to several different preparations of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharides. Almost all the adults injected responded and the geometric mean responses were approximately 15 mug/ml of antibody protein in individuals vaccinated subcutaneously with two preparations of group A vaccine. The geometric mean antibody concentration after immunization with two preparations of group C vaccine was approximately 35 mug/ml. Most children aged 7 yr responded to immunization with two group A vaccines, and their mean response was only slightly less than that seen in adults. There was no difference between the subcutaneous and the intradermal route if both were given with jet gun. The majority of infants aged 6-13 months responded to a preparation of group A vaccine and the geometric mean titer was approximately 1.2 mug/ml. Adults, children, and infants responded significantly less to a preparation of group A polysaccharide which was of low molceular weight.
Neutrophil turnover in normal rabbit lungs.
Authors: A B Cohen, M Rossi, D Geczy, L Knight
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Neutrophil turnover was studied in the blood and alveoli of normal rabbits. Blood neutrophil turnover was examined by two different methods. In the first method, donor rabbit neutrophils were labeled in vivo by injecting tritium-labeled thymidine intravenously. After 72 h recipient rabbits received blood from the donors. The decline of the specific radioactivity of blood neutrophils was used to determine that their half-life was 4.03 h. In the second method, rabbit peritoneal exudative neutrophils were elicited with oyster glycogen. These cells were labeled with 111Indium oxine and infused into the blood of recipient animals. By their decline in specific radioactivity, the half-life of the blood neutrophil was 4.08 h. These half-lives are not significantly different. Lung lavage was performed on the animals that received the 111Indium-labeled neutrophils and the turnover time of the lung neutrophil was found to be 2.63 h. The turnover of the alveolar neutrophil pool accounted for only 0.19% of the total turnover of the blood neutrophils. Therefore, the lung appears to contribute only minimally to the total capacity of the body to dispose of neutrophils.
Some Biologic and Clinical Problems Related to Intracellular Parasitism in Brucellosis
Authors: Wesley W. Spink
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE intracellular localization of viable brucella organisms in the tissues of animals and human beings has been of fundamental interest ever since Bang1 announced the etiology of contagious abortion in cattle in 1897. In this initial report from Bang's laboratory, clumps of intracellular bacilli were noted in the uterine exudate removed from a cow with threatened abortion. The intracellular localization of brucella did not appear to attract much attention for a number of years, and then some significant investigations were reported from the laboratory of Theobald Smith in the Department of Comparative Pathology at Harvard Medical School. In 1912 Fabyan . . .