tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
492 A functional link between endothelin B receptors and ENOS maintains tissue oxygenation in normal liver
Authors: M PAXIAN, S KELLER, T HUYNH, M CLEMENS
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

In rats treated with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), the sensitivity of [3H] thymidine incorporation to inhibition by hydroxyurea was determined in the liver and kidney. A 70% inhibition was produced in control animals with doses of hydroxyurea from 50 to 250 mg/kg body wt. Twelve hours after administration of DMN, hepatic thymidine incorporation was unaffected by 50 mg/kg hydroxyurea, progressive reduction in incorporation occurred as the dose of inhibitor was increased. A similar result was obtained in kidney only by dietary conditioning of rats to ensure a high renal metabolism of the DMN. In contrast, at 72 h after DMN treatment thymidine incorporation in both liver and kidney was rapidly inhibited by administration of 50 mg/kg hydroxyurea. The data, assessed together with various parameters of DMN-induced repair and replicative DNA synthesis, suggest the use of hydroxyurea as a means to study DNA repair in intact animals.
Necropsy: a yardstick for clinical diagnoses.
Authors: H M Cameron, E McGoogan, H Watson
Journal: BMJ (1980)

An attempt to obtain necropsies on all deaths from a selected group of clinical units resulted in a necropsy rate of 65% (compared with a normal of 30% in these units). The effect of increasing the necropsy rate was to produce a higher rate of confirmation of clinical diagnoses; nevertheless, 15% of main diagnoses and 42% of causes of death were not confirmed. A large proportion of these were deemed by clinicians in consultations with pathologists to be clinically significant. Of main diagnoses considered certain, 10% were not confirmed. The proportion of diagnostic discrepancies was virtually identical in two groups--those in which the clinicial believed he would normally have requested necropsy, and those in which he would not. Thus clinical confidence in the diagnosis is not an adequate assurance of its accuracy. Although in this survey necropsy was requested on almost all cases, permission was refused in many which may be attributed either to resistance by relatives or to an inadequate approach by the medical staff. The proportion of permissions secured by individual units varied from 50% to 92%. This indicates that the nature of the approach to relatives is the more important factor. As present practices do not adequately allow for the detection of a wide range of misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses it is proposed that a "partial audit" would provide a valuable yardstick; clinicians would be asked to obtain permission for necropsy on an agreed proportion (say, 20%) of deaths over and above those cases in which they are particularly interested and would normally request a necropsy.
EphA3 Maintains Tumorigenicity and Is a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Bryan W. Day, Brett W. Stringer, Fares Al-Ejeh, Michael J. Ting, John Wilson, Kathleen S. Ensbey, Paul R. Jamieson, Zara C. Bruce, Yi Chieh Lim, Carolin Offenhäuser, Sara Charmsaz, Leanne T. Cooper, Jennifer K. Ellacott, Angus Harding, Lucie Leveque, Po Inglis, Suzanne Allan, David G. Walker, Martin Lackmann, Geoffrey Osborne, Kum Kum Khanna, Brent A. Reynolds, Jason D. Lickliter, Andrew W. Boyd
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DRUG-ELUTING VERSUS BARE-METAL STENTS IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Somjot Brar, Ajay Kirtane, Vicken Aharonian, Gregg Stone, Albert Shen, Martin B. Leon, Prakash Mansukhani, George Dangas, Kaiser Permanente
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effects of local anaesthetics on calcium transport by canine cardiac microsomes (fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum)
Authors: A. M. KATZ, D. I. REPKE, S. CORKEDALE, J. SCHWARZ
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Local anaesthetics inhibit calcium transport by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, the concentrations of lidocaine and procaineamide needed to produce these effects are high. No significant differences were found between these agents that could account for reported differences in their electrophysiological effects.
Hypertension and Exposure to Noise near Airports (HYENA): Study Design and Noise Exposure Assessment
Authors: Lars Jarup, Marie-Louise Dudley, Wolfgang Babisch, Danny Houthuijs, Wim Swart, Göran Pershagen, Gösta Bluhm, Klea Katsouyanni, Manolis Velonakis, Ennio Cadum, Federica Vigna-Taglianti
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

An increasing number of people live near airports with considerable noise and air pollution. The Hypertension and Exposure to Noise near Airports (HYENA) project aims to assess the impact of airport-related noise exposure on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease using a cross-sectional study design. We selected 6,000 persons (45-70 years of age) who had lived at least 5 years near one of six major European airports. We used modeled aircraft noise contours, aiming to maximize exposure contrast. Automated BP instruments are used to reduce observer error. We designed a standardized questionnaire to collect data on annoyance, noise disturbance, and major confounders. Cortisol in saliva was collected in a subsample of the study population (n = 500) stratified by noise exposure level. To investigate short-term noise effects on BP and possible effects on nighttime BP dipping, we measured 24-hr BP and assessed continuous night noise in another subsample (n = 200). To ensure comparability between countries, we used common noise models to assess individual noise exposure, with a resolution of 1 dB(A). Modifiers of individual exposure, such as the orientation of living and bedroom toward roads, window-opening habits, and sound insulation, were assessed by the questionnaire. For four airports, we estimated exposure to air pollution to explore modifying effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease. The project assesses exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, primarily using data from another project funded by the European Union (APMoSPHERE, Air Pollution Modelling for Support to Policy on Health and Environmental Risks in Europe).
Bromocriptine-Induced Pregnancy in an Acromegalic Patient
Authors: Rafael Luboshitzky
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A 30-year-old acromegalic woman with amenorrhea and elevated growth hormone and prolactin levels was treated with bromocriptine. Growth hormone levels remained elevated, while prolactin levels decreased to normal. Forty days after initiating treatment the patient menstruated and conceived shortly afterward. The uneventful pregnancy terminated in delivery of a normal baby, who has been developing normally since. No changes in the size of the sella turcica or the visual fields were noted during pregnancy and up to one year after delivery. Resumption of ovulatory menses is possible when treating acromegalic women with bromocriptine. Hyperprolactinemia rather than elevated growth hormone levels or reduced gonadotropins reserve is probably the cause for amenorrhea in some of the acromegalic patients. (<i>JAMA</i>244:584-586, 1980)
Significance of laminar antikeratin antibodies to rat oesophagus in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D L Scott, J P Delamere, L J Jones, K W Walton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Antikeratin antibodies reacting in a laminar distribution with keratinised rat oesophagus were found in the sera of a proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis but not in healthy controls. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the proportion of sera exhibiting this reactivity varied with the site tested in the rat9s upper alimentary tract. There were 36.4% of 99 patients with RA who gave positive reactivity to the middle third of the rat oesophagus. This antikeratin reactivity was related to the occurrence of other antitissue antibodies (to reticulin, gastric parietal cells, smooth muscle, mitochondria, or nuclear components) in the same patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was not related to the duration of early morning stiffness, the Ritchie index, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, certain acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and C-reactive protein) nor to the levels of haemoglobin or immunoglobulins. Antikeratin antibodies were not specific for rheumatoid arthritis and also occurred in 50% of 16 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.
Myxoma of the Left Atrium
Authors: AUBREY PITT, BERTRAM PITT, JOCHEN SCHAEFER, J. MICHAEL CRILEY
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Two patients with myxoma of the left atrium were studied by left heart catheterization and cineangiography, and the diagnosis was confirmed at operation in both cases. An electrocardiographic timing signal on the cineradiographs permitted correlation of heart sounds and pressure waves with movement of the tumor between the left atrium and the left ventricle. In early systole, the tumor suddenly moved from the left ventricle to the left atrium, and a notch in the rising left ventricular pressure, a prominent c wave, and loud, late elements of the first sound were noted. In early diastole, the tumor moved rapidly through the mitral valve, causing an abrupt diminution in the left atrial volume, thus causing a rapid y descent despite severe obstruction of the mitral valve. An early diastolic sound, thought to be an opening snap, appeared to be related to the checking of the tumor in the left ventricle ("tumor plop"). The unusual left atrial pressure pulse seen in these two cases resembles data from other cases of myxoma reported in the literature, and recognition of these unusual pressures may permit accurate preoperative diagnosis in other patients. Diagnostic changes may be present on apexcardiograms.
Digitalis in Heart Failure
Authors: Marcis T. Sodums
Journal: JAMA (1981)

AFTER more than 200 years of clinical use, the role of digitalis therapy in the management of acute and chronic congestive heart failure and its effectiveness compared with vasodilator therapy is being questioned. This controversy results from the difficulty in demonstrating the salutary effect of digitalis on overall cardiac performance, although the positive inotropic effect of digitalis on left ventricular function, both in the normal and depressed ventricle, has been well established.<sup>1,2</sup>Accordingly, we will review the evidence for the beneficial effects of digitalis in acute (eg, myocardial infarction) and chronic heart failure and the relation between digitalis therapy and vasodilator therapy in these conditions. Net cardiac pump performance results from the complex interaction of several opposing factors<sup>3</sup>(Figure). Cardiac output is determined by the heart rate, left ventricular filling volume or preload, left ventricular afterload or resistance to left ventricular ejection (approximated by systolic blood pressure), and
Fasting plasma magnesium concentrations and glucose disposal in diabetes.
Authors: C S Yajnik, R F Smith, T D Hockaday, N I Ward
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Fasting plasma concentrations of magnesium were measured by neutron activation analysis in 30 non-diabetics and 87 diabetics (55 non-insulin-treated, 32 insulin treated). Plasma concentrations of magnesium were lowest in the insulin treated group (mean 0.84 (SEM 0.01) mmol/1; 2.0 (0.02) mg/100 ml), intermediate in the non-diabetics (mean 0.89 (SEM 0.01) mmol/1; 2.2 (0.02) mg/100 ml), and highest in the non-insulin-treated diabetics (mean 0.95 (SEM 0.02) mmol/1; 2.3 (0.05) mg/100 ml). In all diabetics plasma magnesium concentrations were inversely related to plasma glucose values (rs = -0.33; p less than 0.01) and in non-insulin-treated patients to plasma insulin concentrations (rs = -0.28; p less than 0.05), the former confirming previous observations. In 67 of the diabetics the KG constant for disposal rate of glucose during a standard intravenous glucose tolerance test was directly related to fasting plasma magnesium concentrations, and this relation persisted after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, type of treatment, and glucose and insulin values. This direct relation of plasma magnesium concentration with glucose disposal was unexplained by its influence on insulin secretion but was related to insulin sensitivity; hence magnesium may be an important determinant of insulin sensitivity in maturity onset diabetes.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Lower Caliceal Calculi
Authors: Bora K&uuml;peli, Hasan Biri, Zafer S&inodot;n&inodot;k, Kani Karaca, Alper Tuncayengin, &Uuml;st&uuml;nol Karao&gbreve;lan, &Idot;brahim Bozk&inodot;rl&inodot;
Journal: European Urology (1998)
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: comparison with paracentesis in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: a randomized trial
Authors: Didier Lebrec, Nathalie Giuily, Antoine Hadengue, Valérie Vilgrain, Richard Moreau, Thierry Poynard, Adrián Gadano, Claudine Lassen, Jean-Pierre Benhamou, Serge Erlinger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
"Arbitrary Period of Disability" As a Mode of Settlement in Compensation Claims
Authors: MORRIS H. KAHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 May 1930"Arbitrary Period of Disability" As a Mode of Settlement in Compensation ClaimsMORRIS H. KAHN, M.A., M.D., SAMUEL KAHN, B.S. M.D.MORRIS H. KAHN, M.A., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SAMUEL KAHN, B.S. M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-11-1112 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDEFINITIONThe period of disability as it is conceived in medico-legal terminology is that length of time during which an employee in any industry is unable adequately to perform any gainful work. The disability may be total such as might prevent the attendance of the employee at his place of occupation; or partial, disabling him from doing the usual amount or type of work per hour or day.Besides these two, there are, of course, variations in the capacity of any worker that depend upon many other diurnal or intermittent factors; such as fatigue, general state of health, state of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MORRIS H. KAHN, M.A., M.D.; SAMUEL KAHN, B.S. M.D.Affiliations: New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1930Volume 3, Issue 11Page: 1112-1127KeywordsDisabilitiesFatigue ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Care of IBD patients compromised by poor communication between primary and secondary care
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> X-chromosome short tandem repeat (X-STR) markers have shown a great capability in forensic identity investigations and paternity testing involving kinship analysis. <h3>Material and methods</h3> In the current study, the distribution of 12 X-STR loci (DXS7132, DXS7423, DXS8378, DXS10074, DXS10079, DXS10101, DXS10103, DXS10134, DXS10135, DXS10146, DXS10148, and HPRTB) located in four linkage groups (LG)s was evaluated using Investigator<sup>®</sup> Argus X-12 Amplification Kit in 200 unrelated healthy individuals (105 males, and 95 females) from the central region of the Saudi Arabia in order to create a DNA database. <h3>Results</h3> No significant difference was recorded in the allele frequencies of males and females. Our results indicated that DXS10146 locus was the most informative with 21 alleles while DXS8378 locus was the least with 5 alleles. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was applied and confirmed for all loci in the female samples, except for DXS10074, DXS10101, DXS10135 and DXS10148 (p &gt; 0.05/12 = 0.0042). Forensic parameters showed that all X-STRs loci either as individual markers or as linkage groups provide genetic information with high discrimination that is appropriate for forensic purposes with Paternity Informed Consent (PIC), Power of exclusion (PE), and Paternity index (PI) varied from 0.61211 to 0.917979, 0.38722 to 0.842949, and 0.038416 to 0.16367, respectively. A significant Linkage disequilibrium (LD) with <i>p</i>-value after Bonferroni correction <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05/66= 0.0008 was observed for 17 pairs of loci in male samples and 4 pairs of loci in female. In the male group, LG3 showed relatively high values of Haplotype diversity (HD). This indicated that these LGs were quite informative in the studied Saudi group and would have high application value in forensic sciences. The pairwise genetic distance fixation index (Fst) results showed that the Saudi population is genetically close to the Egyptian and Emirati populations and distant to the Turkish population. Genetic distances were represented in a non-metric MDS plot representing that Saudis cluster with Middle East populations and are clearly separated from European and East Asian populations. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The current study revealed that Investigator® Argus 12 X-STR kit would support forensic application, kinship testing involving female offspring, and human identification in Saudi populations.
Peripheral CD8+ T Cell Tolerance to Self-Proteins Is Regulated Proximally at the T Cell Receptor
Authors: Ryan M. Teague, Philip D. Greenberg, Carla Fowler, Maria Z. Huang, Xiaoxia Tan, Junko Morimoto, Michelle L. Dossett, Eric S. Huseby, Claes Öhlén
Journal: Immunity (2008)
Assessment of Malnutrition
Authors: PAUL JAY FRIEDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1984Assessment of MalnutritionPAUL JAY FRIEDMAN, M.D.PAUL JAY FRIEDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-4-613_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Balducci and associates (1) claim to have compared malnourished subjects to those with normal nutritional status. As in most articles on hospital malnutrition, they have used imprecise diagnostic criteria to define malnutrition. By their definition, a subject is malnourished if he has either an involuntary weight loss of 6% or more of original body weight in 2 months or a creatinine-height ratio (which they incorrectly label as creatinine-height index) at or below 7.0 mg/cm height. The authors defend their diagnostic criteria by stating that they were "previously established." The article (2) cited by Balducci and associates, however,...References1. BALDUCCILITTLEGLOVERHARDYSTEINBERG LDNCM. Granulocyte reserve in cancer and malnutrition. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:610-1. LinkGoogle Scholar2. NIXONHEYMSFIELDCOHEN DSA. Protein-calorie undernutrition in hospitalized cancer patients. Am J Med. 1980;68:683-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FRISANCHO A. New norms of upper limb fat and muscle areas for assessment of nutritional status. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34:2540-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MORGANHILLBURKINSHAW DGL. The assessment of weight loss from a single measurement of body weight: the problems and limitations. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980;33:2101-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BLEILERSCHEDL RH. Creatinine excretion: variability and relationships to diet and body size. J Lab Clin Med. 1962;59:945-55. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. HEYMSFIELDMCMANUSSMITHSTEVENSNIXON SCJVD. Anthropometric measurement of muscle mass: revised equations for calculating bone-free arm muscle area. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982;36:680-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. NIXONHEYMSFIELDCOHEN DSA. Protein-calorie undernutrition in hospitalized cancer patients. Am J Med. 1980;68:683-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FRISANCHO A. New norms of upper limb fat and muscle areas for assessment of nutritional status. Ann J Clin Nutr. 1981;34:2540-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Otago Medical School Dunedin New Zealand PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1984Volume 100, Issue 4Page: 613-614KeywordsBody weightMalnutritionNutritionWeight loss Issue Published: 1 April 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Delivery of nucleic acids with a stearylated (RxR)4 peptide using a non-covalent co-incubation strategy
Authors: Taavi Lehto, Rachida Abes, Nikita Oskolkov, Julia Suhorutšenko, Dana-Maria Copolovici, Imre Mäger, Joana R. Viola, Oscar E. Simonson, Kariem Ezzat, Peter Guterstam
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
THE EFFECTS OF SANITATION UPON THE ORGANS OF VISION.
Authors: W. R. AMICK
Journal: JAMA (1884)

It does not require the mind of a sage, nor the intellectual reasoning of a philosopher, to know that all effects have their causes; that disease is the cause of death, and that there is a cause for disease. In speaking of the diseases of special organs from a sanitary platform, it is necessary first to make some general remarks. This becomes necessary especially when at least a part of those diseases are a secondary manifestation, due, however, to the same cause that produced the primary constitutional disturbance. Acting in this manner, the effect might become manifest through the system upon the kidneys, and afterward vision becomes impaired by the implication of the optic nerve and retina. Medical science has made a grand march in the last decade. The unknown is becoming known. Many things that were buried in darkness and obscurity, now become visible when the light of science
Follow-up after breast cancer
Authors: J M Dixon, David Montgomery
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Should be evidence based, flexible, and tailored to patients’ lifelong needs

More than 1.2 million women and men worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer each year. In 2007, the 20 year survival rate for breast cancer will be greater than the five year survival rate 30 years ago.1 Breast cancer is now recognised as a chronic disease that can recur even after 20-30 years. Follow-up protocols vary widely—both within and between countries—and are not always evidence based. The challenge is to develop follow-up programmes that reflect current knowledge and meet the ongoing needs of this growing number of people.

Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in England and Wales state that the aims of breast cancer follow-up are to detect and treat local recurrence, to deal with adverse effects of treatment, and to provide psychological support.2 Routine surveillance for metastatic disease is not recommended because data from randomised studies have shown no improvement in outcomes for patients who undergo intensive programmes to detect and treat asymptomatic metastatic disease. The guidelines suggest that the aims can be met by two to three years of follow-up, and they conclude …