tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Caring for elderly: challenge for now and 21st-century medicine
Authors: Kathryn Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The number of Americans aged 65 years or older is expected to double in the next 50 years. And, while comparatively few of today's physicians still will be practicing a half-century from now, most are aware that assuring high-quality care for older Americans already is a serious challenge. Among organizations addressing this challenge today are the American Medical Association, the American Association of Retired Persons, the American Hospital Association, and the American Nurses' Association. The four organizations have cosponsored a national conference on the theme of "Health Policy and Quality of Care for Older Americans" (held in Alexandria, Va) at which (then) AMA President Harrison L. Rogers, Jr, MD, emphasized that the medical profession is "in a very significant period of transition." Rogers' message: Medicine is emerging from a period during which "the emphasis was on care— whatever was needed, whenever it was needed, using whatever human, chemical, or technological
Impact of Autonomic Neuropathy on Left Ventricular Function in Normotensive Type 1 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Theodoros D. Karamitsos, Haralambos I. Karvounis, Triantafyllos Didangelos, Georgios E. Parcharidis, Dimitrios T. Karamitsos
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and has been weakly linked with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. Previous studies that explored this association either suffer from inadequate definition of CAN or have mainly used conventional Doppler or nuclear techniques to investigate LV diastolic function. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has evolved as a new quantitative tool for the assessment of cardiac systolic function, diastolic function, and the hemodynamics of LV filling. We sought to investigate conventional and TDI-derived indexes of LV systolic and diastolic function in type 1 diabetic patients with and without CAN and also in normal control subjects. Our findings suggest that the presence of CAN seems to have an additive effect on LV diastolic dysfunction in type 1 diabetes.
Conjunctival FOXP3 in Trachoma: T Cells Not Specified
Authors: Michael Probst-Kepper
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

The article by Faal et al. [1] describes differences in the level of FOXP3 mRNA expression in the conjunctiva of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The authors suggest that their results may indicate a role for regulatory T cells in the resolution of conjunctival immune response, since FOXP3 mRNA remained elevated even if clinical disease signs were present in the absence of infection.

But suggestions about the function of regulatory T cells in diseases based only on the quantification of FOXP3 mRNA should be considered with great caution. According to the current state-of-the-art it is well established that FOXP3 does not specify human regulatory T cells since it is expressed at the mRNA and the protein levels to different extents protein at [2–5]. Thus, without quantification of FOXP3 the single cell level in conjunction with reliable markers of human regulatory T cells, e.g., the recently identified lack of CD127 expression on regulatory T cells [6,7], the potential contribution or association of regulatory T cells with a disease cannot be assessed.
Public Health Cuts Threaten Preparedness, Preventive Health Services
Authors: B. M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 145: MicroRNA-23b Expression is Regulated by VHL and effects on Glioma Cell survival and invasion
Authors: Lei Han, Lingchao Chen, Kailiang Zhang, Zhendong Shi, Junxia Zhang, Anling Zhang, Yongzhi Wang, Yijun Song, Yongri Zheng, Tao Jiang, Peiyu Pu, Chuanlu Jiang, Chunsheng Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. While increasing evidence indicates that the deregulation of miRNAs is involved in a wide range of human cancers, the roles and potential mechanisms of miRNA in glioma development and progression are still largely unknown. Methods The expression of miR-23b in 48 clinical samples and five glioma cell lines with different grades was examined by FISH and qRT-PCR. Flow cytometry, Annexin V method, Colony formation assay, and Transwell cell invasion test were used to detect the proliferation and invasive activity of the tumor cells before and after transfection with AS-miR-23b of glioma cells. Luciferase assay and western blot analysis were used to examine that VHL is a direct target of miR-23b. In vivo anti-glioma effect of AS-miR-23b was investigated using subcutaneous xenograft models. Results We identified that expression of miR-23b is elevated in both glioma tissue samples and glioma cells by real-time PCR and FISH analyses. Knock-down of miR-23b expression triggered growth inhibition, induced apoptosis and suppressed invasion of glioma cells in vitro. Luciferase assay and western blot analysis revealed that VHL is a direct target of miR-23b. As such, restored expression of VHL inhibited glioma cell survival and induced apoptosis. Mechanistic investigation revealed that miR-23b deletion decreased HIF-1α/VEGF expression and suppressed β-catenin/Tcf-4 transcription activity in a VHL-dependent manner. Furthermore, expression of VHL was inversely correlated with miR-23b in glioblastoma samples and was predictive of patient survival in a retrospective analysis. Conclusion In summary, we demonstrate that down-regulation of miR-23b inhibits survival and invasion of glioma by repressing expression of VHL. Genetic restoration of VHL bypassed the effects of miR-23b overexpression, suppressing the ranscriptional activities of both the HIF/VEGF and β-catenin/Tcf-4 pathways. Based upon these observations, we propose that anti-angiogenic therapy for glioma could benefit from adjuvent miRNA therapy targeting the HIF1α and β-catenin/Tcf-4 pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 145. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-145
Ultrasound guided closure of false aneurysms by injecting biodegradable bovine collagen
Authors: Sjef M.P.G. Ernst, Egbert T. Bal, Wybren Jaarsma, E.Gijs Mast, Maarten-Jan Suttorp, Frans L. Moll, H.W.Thijs Plokker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Developmental paediatrics in primary care: what should we teach?
Authors: R. Illingworth
Journal: BMJ (1985)

filtration causing functional renal impairment.Secondly, as the patient was also taking a diuretic this made renal impairment more likely.2Thirdly, pre-existing renal failure was present.It seems surprising that enalapril was given to a patient with known bilateral renal artery stenosis as the deterioration in renal function which occurred was predictable and, indeed, is well recognised.
Phototherapy with UVB narrowband, UVA/UVBnb, and UVA1 differentially impacts serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3
Authors: Laurence Feldmeyer, Golnar Shojaati, Katharina-Susanne Spanaus, Alexander Navarini, Barbara Theler, Davide Donghi, Mirjana Urosevic-Maiwald, Martin Glatz, Laurence Imhof, Marjam J. Barysch, Reinhard Dummer, Malgorzata Roos, Lars E. French, Christian Surber, Günther F.L. Hofbauer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
Insulin Antibody Response to a Short Course of Human Insulin Therapy in Women With Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Montserrat Balsells, Rosa Corcoy, Dídac Mauricio, Josefa Morales, Apolonia García-Patterson, Gemma Carreras, Manuel Puig-Domingo, Alberto de Leiva
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To assess the insulin antibody (IA) response to human insulin (HI) therapy in women with gestational diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS IAs were measured by a competitive radiobinding assay in 50 women with gestational diabetes before and during treatment with HI and after delivery. At delivery, 15 maternal-cord blood sample pairs were analyzed for IA. As a reference, we searched for IA in 25 new-onset type I diabetic patients, before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after insulin therapy. RESULTS Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) were detected in 1 of 50 women with gestational diabetes and 4 of 16 type I diabetic patients (P &amp;lt; 0.05). At the end of pregnancy after 9.3 ± 6.8 weeks on insulin therapy, 22 of 50 (44%) women with gestational diabetes became IA+ and 4 additional women were found to be positive 2 months postpartum. After 3 months on insulin, type I diabetic patients showed a higher rate of IA positivity (92%, P &amp;lt; 0.001). IA titers at the end of pregnancy were associated with the cumulative insulin dose (r = 0.29, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Postpartum, IA disappeared slowly in most IA+ women, but two women still showed IA 2 years after delivery Titers in cord blood were strongly related to those in maternal blood (r = 0.74, P &amp;lt; 0.01). The rate of adverse fetal outcome did not differ in IA− and IA+ mothers (27 vs. 40%, NS). CONCLUSIONS HI is immunogenic, and a short course of HI therapy induces IA in ∼ 50% of women with gestational diabetes and 92% of type I diabetic patients. In women with gestational diabetes, insulin dose is slightly associated with IA titers. These IAs apparently cross the placenta. Fetal outcome does not differ according to the maternal IA status, and IAs disappear gradually after delivery but may remain positive for 2 years after delivery.
Australia's leader reassures on health
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Australia's new prime minister, John Howard, has immediately moved to reassure voters that Medicare, the public health insurance system, will not be changed after his landslide victory in the federal election. Throughout the five week campaign prime minister Paul Keating had claimed that Mr Howard's Liberal-National Party coalition would try to dismantle Medicare, which was introduced at the start of …
IDENTIFICATION OF NEW-BORN BABIES IN MATERNITIES
Authors: JOSEPH B. DE LEE
Journal: JAMA (1928)

A recent case of mixed identity of a new-born girl that obtained widespread publicity has recalled attention to the possibility that the ordinary care in marking babies as practiced today in our hospitals may prove faulty and invite calamities like that now in the public eye. Only one who has lived through an experience of mixing babies can realize the seriousness of such an accident. Of all human feelings, doubt is the easiest to arouse and hardest to allay. Even after the physicians, the nurses and all impartial observers have been convinced that the parents are really taking home their own child, and the excitement in the hospital has subsided, the family will always harbor a faint spectral doubt which will come to expression in after years if the child should not show a resemblance to either parent or should exhibit traits which are not harmonious with the desires of
Leukotriene D<sub>4</sub> Induces Bronchoconstriction in Man
Authors: Hans Bisgaard, Steffen Groth, Hans Dirksen
Journal: Allergy (1983)

The effect of leukotriene D 4 (LTD 4 ) on lung function was investigated in a controlled study on four normal subjects. A pronounced decrease in airflow was found after inhalation of less than 0.5 nmol, and was most pronounced in the variables generally accepted as indicators of the function of the small airways. No subjective symptoms were experienced.
Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause suicide?: Authors' reply to Curtin and Schulz, and Healy
Authors: David Gunnell, Julia Saperia, Deborah Ashby
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause suicide? Risk of suicide should be assessed for whole class of antidepressantsEditor-Gunnell et al's report on suicide risk with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) raises several issues. 1 Firstly, clinicians have observed that the first weeks of treatment of severe depression with an antidepressant are accompanied by a higher risk of suicide because of a drug induced motor disinhibition that is not yet accompanied by mood improvement. 2 Secondly, the authors' finding of a trend towards a protective effect of SSRIs against suicidal thoughts (odds ratio 0.77) compared with a trend towards an increased risk of self harm (odds ratio 1.57) is paradoxical.More surprising is the heterogeneity of results among SSRIs.Why would sertraline show a protective effect for suicidal thoughts and simultaneously increase the risk of self harm?The risk difference between citalopram and its active S-enantiomere, escitalopram, is also strange.No strong biological rationale can explain such heterogeneity among drugs with the same mechanism of action.Thirdly, the authors mention that the Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency found little evidence for a risk difference between SSRIs and the other antidepressants.The two accompanying papers show that the suicidal risk seems similar for serotoninergic and tricyclic antidepressants. 3 4The risk of suicide must be assessed for the whole class of antidepressants.The next stage would be to measure the risk of suicide according to the time since starting an antidepressant.Initially, the risks are higher than the benefits.To confirm old clinical observations by evidence based methods would be interesting and useful.
240 MICRORNA-221 TARGETS BMF AND CORRELATES WITH TUMOR MULTIFOCALITY IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: F. Fornari, L. Gramantieri, M. Ferracin, A. Veronese, S. Sabbioni, C. Giovannini, G.L. Grazi, M. Negrini, L. Bolondi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Infantile Subdural Haematoma and its Relationship to Whiplash Injuries
Authors: A. N. Guthkelch
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Subdural haematoma is one of the commonest features of the battered child syndrome, yet by no means all the patients so affected have external marks of injury on the head. This suggests that in some cases repeated acceleration/deceleration rather than direct violence is the cause of the haemorrhage, the infant having been shaken rather than struck by its parent. Such an hypothesis might also explain the remarkable frequency of the finding of subdural haemorrhage in battered children as compared with its incidence in head injuries of other origin, and the fact that it is so often bilateral.
POSTURAL TRAINING IN ATHLETES
Authors: W. E. Tucker
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

The prevention of athletic injuries and their recurrences should be an essential part of athletic training. In the comprehensive treatment of athletic injuries, treatment by a team of experts is essential. Each member should be so well trained in his particular branch, that the athlete should receive first-class treatment at every stage. There must be efficient first-aid treatment. After an exact diagnosis using all the available ancillary methods, the surgeon details his recommendations. Operation may be necessary. The nature of his injury is explained to the athlete, and it must be stressed to him that he can contribute greatly to his recovery by conscientious and regular self-treatment at home. The physiotherapist is called in to help almost immediately. In due course, the injured athlete is referred to the trainer with exact instructions. Many athletic injuries occur and recur because the athlete has not been taught the essentials of body mechanics. The individual, however, can decide whether the way he carries himself in the upright position is one of Active Alerted, Balanced Posture; or the opposite, an inactive unbalanced slumping one. Posture therefore in the upright position is entirely an individual attitude of mind. A failure to appreciate the importance of correct posture allows a gravity strain on the lower fixed parts — and may predispose towards fibrosity, myalgia, joint strain progressing to arthritis, metatarsalgia, subluxation of the hip, prolonged intavertebral disc, abdominal herniae and cervical spondylosis.
Differential expression of Ia antigens by rheumatoid synovial lining cells.
Authors: G R Burmester, B Jahn, P Rohwer, J Zacher, R J Winchester, J R Kalden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The differential expression of Ia antigens was studied in freshly isolated rheumatoid nonlymphoid synovial lining cells (SLC) and rheumatoid synovial fibroblast cell lines cultured in the presence of Interferon-gamma, using a large panel of anti-Ia reagents with monomorphic or polymorphic specificities. All the HLA-DR or -DQ specificities detectable on the corresponding peripheral blood B cells were also expressed in freshly isolated SLC. However, in all instances, the number of DR-positive SLC exceeded the percentage of cells expressing DQ antigens. In addition, the epitope expression of Ia antigens varied within the DR or DQ populations of Ia molecules as revealed by polymorphic reagents. Double-label experiments or using the ingestion of Latex particles as a marker demonstrated that the synovial macrophages (type I SLC) primarily bear the DR+DQ+ phenotype, while there is an additional population of nonphagocytic SLC (previously termed type II SLC) that has a DR+ and monocyte marker negative phenotype but did not have detectable levels of DQ antigens as analyzed by both fluorescence microscopy and cell sorter analysis. This latter population frequently had a morphology showing dendritic processes and rapidly lost the expression of Ia antigens upon culture. Cells with a similar, primarily DR+ phenotype were readily obtained in synovial fibroblast cultures after treatment with Interferon-gamma. These data suggest that there are two populations of Ia+ synovial lining cells: the synovial macrophages (type I cells) with the DR+DQ+ phenotype, and cells probably related to fibroblasts with a DR+ phenotype without detectable DQ antigens (type II cells). The fact that the latter phenotype could be induced by Interferon-gamma treatment of cultured synovial fibroblasts suggests that this mediator may have a similar role in vivo in the activation of certain synovial cell populations.
ACIP Delays Changing Polio Vaccine Advice
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

USE OF inactivated poliomeylitis vaccine (IPV) in childhood immunization programs is still in the future. At the same time, eventual use is not ruled out. At a late June meeting of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), members spent many hours discussing when and how to incorporate IPV into childhood immunization programs. After agreeing to move ahead with incorporating it into the schedule of childhood immunization, the committee reversed itself. It finally decided unanimously to form a working group to explore the various policy options and develop a plan for eventually implementing the use of IPV. The plan is to be presented at the ACIP meeting in October. The discussions about IPV took place in light of the fact that eight to 10 cases of paralytic polio occur in the United States each year because of the use of live
Coordinate regulation of transforming growth factor beta gene expression and cell proliferation in hamster lungs undergoing bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: B Raghow, P Irish, A H Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The number of mesenchymal cells, as well as their ability to synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) components, greatly increase in the interstitium of fibrotic lungs. We have previously shown that the transcription of type I procollagen and fibronectin genes in the lungs is preferentially elevated during the early stages of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (Raghow, R., S. Lurie, J. M. Seyer, and A. H. Kang. 1985, J. Clin. Invest. 76:1734-1739. Since a cytokine-like transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) that is capable of enhancing mesenchymal cell proliferation and ECM synthesis could be potentially involved in this process, we investigated the temporal relationship between the regulation of TGF beta gene transcription and cellular proliferation in the bleomycin-treated hamster lungs. We observed a transient 5-7-fold increase in the accumulation of TGF beta transcripts, a concomitant 3-4-fold elevation in the cellular proliferation, and 8-10-fold stimulation of DNA synthesis in these lungs; all three parameters peaked around day 10 after bleomycin administration. Based on these results, we conclude that regulation of TGF beta gene expression may contribute significantly to the early events that lead to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
THE PROGNOSIS OF TETANUS
Authors: JOSEPH K. CALVIN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The extensive literature about tetanus, including data regarding mortality, prognosis and treatment, is difficult to interpret. The confusion and the indefiniteness of the statistics are largely due to the disregard of certain clinical tendencies of tetanus relating especially to the type of injury, the incubation period, the duration of the disease, the age of the patient and prophylactic inoculation.  Specific therapy for tetanus, i. e., tetanus antitoxin, has been employed in the active treatment of cases of tetanus for about thirty years. Even after this lapse of time, most diverse opinions prevail regarding the value of specific therapy and the methods of administering it in established cases of tetanus. There are 1,500 deaths from tetanus a year in the U. S. registration area. The most extensive summaries of cases of tetanus up to the onset of the World War were in the articles by Anders and Morgan in 1905,1