tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Why Washington University Doesn't Need/Can't Afford Family Practice
Authors: Stephen Dell
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —In a recent issue of JAMA there is a letter commenting on your recent review of the Washington University School of Medicine. 1 The letter's author, Paul M. Fischer, MD, takes the school's dean (William A. Peck, MD) to task about Washington University's lack of a family practice program. 2 I do not wish to comment on the obvious merits of Fischer's letter. Instead, I was struck by the notice in minuscule print at the close of his letter: This letter was shown to Dr Peck, who declined to reply.—Ed.  It would appear that one of the responsibilities of publication in a journal as prestigious as JAMA is that of replying to reasonable, thoughtful, bona fide letters. I can't believe an author can reasonably be excused from that responsibility, any more than a speaker declines to answer an appropriate question during a question-and-answer session.  Your Instructions
Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Philip L. Hooper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1993Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Prevention of Coronary Heart DiseasePhilip L. Hooper, MDPhilip L. Hooper, MDUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine, Loveland, CO 80538.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-5-199309010-00049 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Prevention of Coronary Heart DiseaseIra S. Ockene and Judith K. Ockene; eds. 605 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1992. $69.50.The 45% decrease in coronary artery disease mortality in the past 40 years suggests that heart disease can be prevented. Although the decrease may have occurred serendipitously, the authors of this book argue convincingly that specific risk factor interventions have largely contributed to the decrease.After laying a good foundation of the what, who, where, and how of cardiovascular disease, the book focuses on the relative contributions of cardiovascular disease risk factors: smoking, inactivity, diet, hypertension, and psychosocial elements. However, the real essence ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Colorado School of Medicine, Loveland, CO 80538. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 5Page: 445KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular therapyCoronary heart diseaseDietHypertensionLipid disordersMedical risk factorsMortalitySmoking cessationStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effect of the addition of propranolol to therapy with nifedipine for unstable angina pectoris: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: S O Gottlieb, M L Weisfeldt, P Ouyang, S C Achuff, K L Baughman, T A Traill, J A Brinker, E P Shapiro, N C Chandra, E D Mellits
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The value of the addition of beta-blockers to coronary vasodilator therapy in the treatment of patients with unstable angina at rest is controversial. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled 4 week trial of propranolol in 81 patients with unstable angina, 39 of whom were assigned to placebo and 42 of whom received propranolol in a dose of at least 160 mg daily. All patients were also treated with coronary vasodilators, including 80 mg nifedipine daily and long-acting nitrates. The incidences of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and requirement for bypass surgery or coronary angioplasty did not differ between the two groups (propranolol = 16; placebo = 18). The propranolol group had a lower cumulative probability of experiencing recurrent resting angina than the placebo group (p = .013), and over the first 4 days of the trial the mean number of clinical episodes of angina (propranolol 0.9 +/- 0.2, placebo 1.8 +/- 0.3, p = .036), duration of angina (propranolol 15.1 +/- 4.3 min, placebo 38.1 +/- 8.4, p = .014), and nitroglycerin requirement (propranolol 1.1 +/- 0.3 tablets, placebo 3.5 +/- 0.8, p = .003) were also fewer. Continuous electrocardiographic recording for ischemic ST segment changes revealed fewer daily ischemic episodes in the propranolol group (2.0 +/- 0.5) than in the placebo group (3.8 +/- 0.7, p = .03), and a shorter duration of ischemia (propranolol 43 +/- 10 min, placebo 104 +/- 28 min, p = .039). Thus propranolol, in patients with unstable angina, in the presence of nitrates and nifedipine is not detrimental and reduces the frequency and duration of symptomatic and silent ischemic episodes.
Isolated annular dilation does not usually cause important functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Yutaka Otsuji, Toshiro Kumanohoso, Shiro Yoshifuku, Keiko Matsukida, Chihaya Koriyama, Akira Kisanuki, Shinichi Minagoe, Robert A. Levine, Chuwa Tei
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Prodrugs of purine and pyrimidine analogues for the intestinal di/tri-peptide transporter PepT1: affinity for hPepT1 in Caco-2 cells, drug release in aqueous media and in vitro metabolism
Authors: Anne Engelbrecht Thomsen, Gerda Marie Friedrichsen, Arne Hagsten Sørensen, Rikke Andersen, Carsten Uhd Nielsen, Birger Brodin, Mikael Begtrup, Sven Frokjaer, Bente Steffansen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2003)
Computerized IV arteriography offers diagnostic alternative
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In what one prominent surgeon described as a "landmark presentation," investigators from the University of Wisconsin Clinical Science Center, Madison, have reported impressive success with a form of arteriography that may obviate much of the need for arterial catheterization in studying the peripheral vasculature. The method, called computerized intravenous arteriography, clearly visualized the intracranial and extracranial arterial tree, the aortic arch, the abdominal artery and its branches, and vessels of both upper and lower extremities, according to William D. Turnipseed, MD, and Andrew B. Crummy, MD. Turnipseed, an associate professor of surgery, and Crummy, a professor of radiology, described the approach to members of the Society for Vascular Surgery in Chicago (Figures). Their presentation earned the "landmark" praise from John Mannick, MD, chief of surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and professor of surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston. Turnipseed and Crummy stressed that this procedure is more than a research tool.
Health Access America—Strengthening the US Health Care System
Authors: James S. Todd, Steven V. Seekins, John A. Krichbaum, Lynn K. Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Although Americans remain generally satisfied with the health care provided to them, sufficient access to high-quality, affordable health care for citizens without health care insurance has become an increasing problem in the last decade. Using the policy development process of the American Medical Association, Health Access America was conceived by the Association to improve access to affordable, high-quality health care. The proposal consists of six fundamental principles and 16 key points. This article specifically focuses on the five points that, if enacted into law, would improve access to health care for Americans who are, for various reasons, without health insurance.
Mechanism of dexamethasone suppression of brain tumor-associated vascular permeability in rats. Involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor and vascular permeability factor.
Authors: J D Heiss, E Papavassiliou, M J Merrill, L Nieman, J J Knightly, S Walbridge, N A Edwards, E H Oldfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Brain tumor-associated cerebral edema arises because tumor capillaries lack normal blood-brain barrier function; vascular permeability factor (VPF, also known as vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) is a likely mediator of this phenomenon. Clinically, dexamethasone reduces brain tumor-associated vascular permeability through poorly understood mechanisms. Our goals were to determine if suppression of permeability by dexamethasone might involve inhibition of VPF action or expression, and if dexamethasone effects in this setting are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In two rat models of permeability (peripheral vascular permeability induced by intradermal injection of 9L glioma cell-conditioned medium or purified VPF, and intracerebral vascular permeability induced by implanted 9L glioma), dexamethasone suppressed permeability in a dose-dependent manner. Since 80% of the permeability-inducing activity in 9L-conditioned medium was removed by anti-VPF antibodies, we examined dexamethasone effects of VPF expression in 9L cells. Dexamethasone inhibited FCS- and PDGF-dependent induction of VPF expression. At all levels (intradermal, intracranial, and cell culture), dexamethasone effects were reversed by the GR antagonist mifepristone (RU486). Dexamethasone may decrease brain tumor-associated vascular permeability by two GR-dependent mechanisms: reduction of the response of the vasculature to tumor-derived permeability factors (including VPF), and reduction of VPF expression by tumor cells.
Prevalence and predictors of esophageal varices in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Claudia O. Zein, Keith D. Lindor, Paul Angulo
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) may develop and bleed from esophageal varices. However, the exact prevalence of esophageal varices in patients with PSC remains unknown and potential predictors of esophageal varices in this population have not been identified. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of esophageal varices in patients with PSC and the variables that predict their presence. Data were collected on 283 patients with PSC treated for the first time at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) during 8 consecutive years. Thirty-six percent (102 of 283) of patients had esophageal varices including 56% (57 of 102) with moderate/large varices. After excluding 28 patients with a history of variceal bleeding, data on 183 patients were analyzed to identify independent predictors of esophageal varices and of moderate/large size varices. Platelet count, albumin level, and advanced histologic disease were independent predictors of esophageal varices (area under the receiver operator characteristic [ROC] curve = 0.88). After controlling for the presence of advanced histologic stage and albumin levels, the odds ratios (OR) of platelet count less than 150 x 10(3)/dL for the presence of esophageal varices was 6.3 (95% CI: 2.6-15.8). The diagnostic accuracy of these results was corroborated by cross-validation of the data in an independent set of 72 patients with PSC (area under the ROC = 0.90). In conclusion, in patients with PSC, noninvasive markers of portal hypertension and of advanced liver disease predict the presence of esophageal varices. Our results suggest a clinically applicable and useful approach to identify patients with PSC who are more likely to benefit from endoscopic screening for esophageal varices.
Polypill may be available in two years
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Light the blue touch paper and retreat 5 metres. That's what we did when we published a series of papers suggesting that if everybody started taking a pill containing six ingredients at the age of 55 then deaths from heart disease and stroke would be reduced by 80%. The pill would contain aspirin, a statin, folic acid, and three antihypertensives at half dose. Versions of all the drugs are now off patent, and the pill could be produced for pence. Wild with enthusiasm, I suggested that the issue of the BMJ that published the articles might be the most important for 50 …
Quality and Cost
Authors: Howard G. McQuarrie
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The article by Herman A. Hein, MD, (p 2051) regarding quality and cost of perinatal care in small rural hospitals raises many health-planning issues that are pertinent to current medical and human priorities in perinatal care. First, a firm definition of "quality" is elusive, and Dr Hein may have been enthusiastic in his selected title. Nevertheless, he does demonstrate an improving perinatal outcome in rural hospitals in Iowa by the use of a "risking out system" and the referral of patients who should give birth at centers where technological expertise is available and economically justifiable for outcome improvement. His writings also demonstrate the value of a regional plan, not judgmentally imposed by national or federal regionalization criterions, but by the human and medical needs of a geographic and possibly cultural unit as in a rural state. A voluntary, resilient, and adaptive system, using the best of centralized technology for those
Resolution of pulmonary hypertension and other features induced by chronic hypoxia in rats during complete and intermittent normoxia.
Authors: J Herget, A J Suggett, E Leach, G R Barer
Journal: Thorax (1978)

Rats subjected to 10% O2 (hypoxic rats) for various periods and recovery regimens were compared with control animals with respect to pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), and muscularisation of small pulmonary vessels. Mean Ppa was measured in anaesthetised animals spontaneously breathing air and rose from 16 mmHg in controls to 36 mmHg in rats exposed to hypoxia for three weeks. Ppa had returned to normal after 20 weeks' recovery in air. RVH regressed a little more quickly, but muscularisation of small pulmonary vessels. Mean Ppa was measured in anaesthetised animals spontaneously breathing air and rose from 16 mmHg in controls to 36 mmHg in rats exposed to hypoxia for three weeks. Ppa had returned to normal after 20 weeks' recovery in air. RVH regressed a little more quickly, but muscularisation of small pulmonary vessels was still apparent after 20 weeks. Some hypoxic rats were subjected to an intermittent normoxic recovery regimen for either 40 or 80 hours a week in air, the remainder in 10% O2. Some reduction in RVH probably occurred after six weeks on the 80-hour regimen, but there was no reduction in Ppa or muscularisation of small pulmonary vessels. These results suggest that the pulmonary hypertension of chronic alveolar hypoxia resolves very slowly and is probably related to structural changes in the pulmonary vessels. Their relevance to human cor pulmonale and intermittent long-term oxygen treatment for these patients is discussed.
What Is the Right Number of Clinic Appointments?
Authors: Ishani Ganguli, Jason H. Wasfy, Timothy G. Ferris
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Significance of the L.E.-cell Phenomenon in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: L. J. Goldfine, M. B. Stevens, A. T. Masi, L. E. Shulman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

In the first few years immediately following the discovery of the L.E.-cell phenomenon by Hargraves, Richmond, and Morton (1948), L
263 In vitro effect of specific somatostatin receptor agonists on human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: H. Reynaert, K. Rombouts, A. Vandermonde, D. Urbain, U. Kumar, P. Bioulac-Sage, M. Pinzani, j. Rosenbaum, A. Geerts
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Do intention and exploration modulate the pathways to haptic object identification?
Authors: Roberta L. Klatzky, Susan J. Lederman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract Our model of haptic object recognition points to the importance of material, as well as geometric properties of objects. Collectively, these can elicit a recognition response after an initial contact, without sequential exploration. This model suggests a revision of the authors' proposals, which takes into account an individual's intention – whether it is for perception or action – and the extent of exploratory movement.
Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts: Single-Nucleus Sequencing Identifies Convergent Evolution of Independent <i>EGFR</i> Mutants in GBM
Authors: Beatrice Gini, Paul S. Mischel
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract Summary: Single-cell sequencing approaches are needed to characterize the genomic diversity of complex tumors, shedding light on their evolutionary paths and potentially suggesting more effective therapies. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Francis and colleagues develop a novel integrative approach to identify distinct tumor subpopulations based on joint detection of clonal and subclonal events from bulk tumor and single-nucleus whole-genome sequencing, allowing them to infer a subclonal architecture. Surprisingly, the authors identify convergent evolution of multiple, mutually exclusive, independent EGFR gain-of-function variants in a single tumor. This study demonstrates the value of integrative single-cell genomics and highlights the biologic primacy of EGFR as an actionable target in glioblastoma. Cancer Discov; 4(8); 876–8. ©2014 AACR. See related article by Francis et al., p. 956
COMMD1 disrupts HIF-1α/β dimerization and inhibits human tumor cell invasion
Authors: Bart van de Sluis, Xicheng Mao, Yali Zhai, Arjan J. Groot, Jeroen F. Vermeulen, Elsken van der Wall, Paul J. van Diest, Marten H. Hofker, Cisca Wijmenga, Leo W. Klomp, Kathleen R. Cho, Eric R. Fearon, Marc Vooijs, Ezra Burstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The gene encoding COMM domain-containing 1 (COMMD1) is a prototypical member of the COMMD gene family that has been shown to inhibit both NF-kappaB- and HIF-mediated gene expression. NF-kappaB and HIF are transcription factors that have been shown to play a role in promoting tumor growth, survival, and invasion. In this study, we demonstrate that COMMD1 expression is frequently suppressed in human cancer and that decreased COMMD1 expression correlates with a more invasive tumor phenotype. We found that direct repression of COMMD1 in human cell lines led to increased tumor invasion in a chick xenograft model, while increased COMMD1 expression in mouse melanoma cells led to decreased lung metastasis in a mouse model. Decreased COMMD1 expression also correlated with increased expression of genes known to promote cancer cell invasiveness, including direct targets of HIF. Mechanistically, our studies show that COMMD1 inhibits HIF-mediated gene expression by binding directly to the amino terminus of HIF-1alpha, preventing its dimerization with HIF-1beta and subsequent DNA binding and transcriptional activation. Altogether, our findings demonstrate a role for COMMD1 in tumor invasion and provide a detailed mechanism of how this factor regulates the HIF pathway in cancer cells.
“Silent” presentation of veno-occlusive disease after liver transplantation as part of the process of cellular rejection with endothelial predilection
Authors: Mylène Sebagh, Maryline Debette, Didier Samuel, Jean-Francois Emile, Bruno Falissard, Valerie Cailliez, Daniel Shouval, Henri Bismuth, Michel Reynès
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Hemorrhagic centrilobular necrosis and fibrous stenosis of hepatic venules, suggesting veno-occlusive disease (VOD) have rarely been observed after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this syndrome after OLT in relation to the course with particular reference to acute rejection and to azathioprine administration. VOD was identified in 19 of 1,023 patients transplanted over a 9-year period. VOD occurred at a median of 30 days posttransplantation, without clear cut clinical evidence for hepatic vein outlet obstruction. Seventeen of the 19 patients had an episode of acute rejection before or at the time of VOD. These episodes were compared with that of patients without VOD. In patients with VOD, portal inflammation and endothelialitis were enhanced (P =.014 and P =.048) and endothelialitis was also higher than bile duct damage (P =.03). The incidence of a centrilobular endothelialitis for both groups was not different although an increased trend was observed in the study group (64% vs. 46%; P =.18). The incidence of persistent rejection was similar between both groups (47% vs. 41%). The incidence of chronic rejection was higher in the study group (29% vs. 10%; P =. 04). All patients with VOD received azathioprine as part of immunosuppressive regimen. Despite azathioprine withdrawal, zone 3 changes persisted in 57% of patients. In conclusion, the incidence of VOD was 1.9% after OLT. The association of prominent endothelial involvement and VOD with acute rejection in most cases suggests an immunological phenomenon.
Control of B-lymphocyte function. I. Inactivation of mitogenesis by interactions with surface immunoglobulin and Fc-receptor molecules.
Authors: C L Sidman, E R Unanue
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

Mouse spleen cells were incubated with anti-Ig antibodies for 1 h, washed, exposed to LPS for 1 h, washed, and their DNA synthetic responses assayed 2 days later. It was shown that the 1-h incubation with anti-Ig antibodies produced a profound, internal, and long lasting state of inactivation in the B cells. Experiments with anti-Ig fragments and other ligands showed that the inactivation occurred optimally when both surface Ig molecules and Fc receptors were bound simultaneously. The role of the classical capping and clearing cycle was also investigated. It was shown that capping and clearing were neither necessary nor sufficient for the inactivation to occur, and that the signals, but only secondarily the ligands themselves, were transmitted across the membrane. Capping and clearing were viewed as a natural regulatory mechanism by which the B cell attempts to clear its membrane of perturbations and signals from the exterior.
Analysis by per protocol
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A randomised controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an integrated care programme in facilitating the return to work for patients with chronic low back pain.1 The programme was a combined patient and workplace directed intervention. Control treatment was the usual care programme. Trial participants were recruited from primary and secondary care if they were aged 18-65 years, had had low back pain for more than 12 weeks, were in paid work, and had been absent or partially absent from work. In total, 66 participants were assigned to integrated care and 68 to usual care.

The primary outcome was length of time off work after randomisation until a fully sustained return to work. The study period was 12 months. Analysis was undertaken according to the principle of intention to treat and compared with those of …