tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A NOTE ON THE COMBINED USE OF SPINAL AND GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
Authors: A. E. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1910)

DEC. 3, I9IO.Fournier, working on the statistics of general hospitals, gives 13 to 18 per cent.Working on analogy, London must be higher, since no control exists.Dr. Holland, in 1854, estimated that in the United Kingdom at least a million and half persons were infected with syphilis every year.In New York 300,000 cases of skin disease gave a per.centage of 11.5 due to syphilis.At the Moscow Hospital, Russia, from 1860 to 1870, there were 2,002 births from syphilized parents, and of these 1,425 (71 per cent.)died.Fournier, in Paris, found:That fally 25 per cent. of all females whom he had seen in private practice had contracted the disease innocently and undeservedly.Of the married females, in 75 per cent. of cases the disease was unmistakably traced to the husband.In India we have results which, in my opinion, as a demonstration of the possibility of control, will never be surpassed in any country.The native population of India is 300,000,000, and there has been in the past fifty years a garrison of about 70,000 British soldiers.In 1888, the Lock Hospital control over women was finally abolished, and venereal diseases rose year by year until, in 1895, the admissions to hospital for all forms of these diseases reached the enormous total of 537 per 1,000 of strength.Farther, in 1897, 661 invalids for venereal diseases were sent to England in one year.Control, by means of the Cantonment Code, October, 1897, again commenced in 1898.In 1908, ten years later, the admissions to hospital for all forms of venereal disease were reduced to 70 per 1,000 of strength, and 59 invalids sent to England.How did this occur ?
Abstract 5539: Analysis of antitumor activity of IL-13PE in combination with gemcitabine for human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy
Authors: Toshio Fujisawa, Hideyuki Nakashima, Atsushi Nakajima, Bharat H. Joshi, Raj K. Puri
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Previously, we have identified an overexpression of IL-13Rα2 in 71% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) specimens. We have also demonstrated that these receptors can be a target for a receptor directed chimeric cytotoxin, IL-13PE, which consists of IL-13 and a truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL13-PE). In the present study, we examined the anti-tumor activities of IL13-PE in combination with gemcitabine, an established first line therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer. Both these agents were cytotoxic to two pancreatic cancer cell lines (HS766T and MIA-PaCa2) with IC50 of 1.1 - 51 ng/ml and 19 - 98 nmol/L, respectively. Upon combination of these two agents, we observed a synergistic cytotoxicity in these two cell lines (IC50: 0.4 ng/ml with 0.01 nmol/L gemcitabine in HS766T and 21 ng/ml with 1 nmol/L gemcitabine in MIA-PaCa2). In addition, we have demonstrated a synergistic anti-tumor activity in an orthotopic mouse model of human PDA developed in athymic nude mice. This study showed complete eradiation of tumors as assessed by whole body imaging of GFP-transfected tumors in 57% of mice in an early cancer model and also resulted in a prolongation in survival. In contrast, single therapy with either IL13-PE or gemcitabine did not produce complete eradiation, but tumor volumes were significantly decreased. In advanced cancer models, IL13-PE and gemcitabine also produced a dramatic reduction and retardation of tumor growth and enhanced survival compared to animals treated with either agent alone. Furthermore, silencing of IL-13Rα2 by RNAi in tumor cells prior to tumor implantation revealed that the combination of IL13-PE and gemcitabine was less effective in this model indicating that IL-13Rα2 is an essential target in PDA for complete elimination of tumors. Mechanistically, gemcitabine increased IL-13Rα2 mRNA expression in vitro and in vivo, which in turn, resulted in a synergism of combination therapy and improved induction of apoptosis in PDA cell lines. Based on these data, we conclude that combination therapy of IL13-PE and gemcitabine may be an additional therapeutic option for management of pancreatic ductal cancer patients for better clinical outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5539.
Respiratory Papillomatosis of Lung and F-18 FDG PET-CT
Authors: Teresa Szyszko, Gopinath Gnanasegaran, Tara Barwick, Ronan Breen, Paul Cane, Sheila Rankin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is the most common benign tumor of the larynx in children. Papillomas in RRP are usually benign and are localized to the larynx. Lung involvement is rare. The papillomas in the laryngotracheal and bronchioloalveolar region may undergo malignant degeneration to squamous cell carcinoma and are reported to have a poor prognosis. A 28-year-old woman presented with hemoptysis. She had known RRP in the trachea but no previous lung involvement. A chest radiograph and CT scan revealed multiple nodules, some of which were cavitating and some were with a predominantly cystic appearance. PET/CT showed increased F-18 FDG uptake in these nodules and guided biopsy.
Colonic stricture following conservative treatment of a colonoscopic perforation
Authors: M. Akin, B. Ege, F. Akin, S. Leventoglu, O. Kurukahvecioglu, K. Yusifzade, B. Mentes
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Colonic perforation is a well-known, leading complication of colonoscopy. The incidence of colonic perforation ranges from 0.03 % to 0.65 % in diagnostic colonoscopies and from 0.07 % to 2.14 % in therapeutic colonoscopies [1] [2].
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Mentally Retarded Adults
Authors: B. B. Kumar
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have been able to demonstrate free gastroesophageal reflux by barium esophagrams in a number of mentally retarded adults who tend to have recurrent pneumonias. It is postulated that nocturnal aspiration of gastric contents may be an important factor in the causation of these pulmonary infections. We hope to prevent some of these infections by elevating the head end of the bed of these patients by 15 to 20 cm. This syndrome is not commonly known in mentally retarded adults and therefore is being reported here.
India introduces regulations for making traditional medicines
Authors: R Sharma
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Indian government has drawn up regulations for good manufacturing practice for traditional Indian systems of medicine such as ayurveda, sidha, and unani, so that the industry can compete in international markets.

The lack of regulation was “a serious shortcoming which has now been overcome,” said Shailaja Chandra, secretary of the Indian government's department of Indian systems of medicine. …
What Have We Learned About Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction From DIG-PEF, CHARM-Preserved, and I-PRESERVE?
Authors: Ross T. Campbell, Pardeep S. Jhund, Davide Castagno, Nathaniel M. Hawkins, Mark C. Petrie, John J.V. McMurray
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Infectious Diseases Illustrated: An Integrated Text and Color Atlas
Authors: William A. Causey
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Infectious Diseases Illustrated is intended to be a comprehensive pictorial account of infectious disease, emphasizing the clinical appearances of patients. Supplementary illustrations of radiological findings, gross and microscopic pathological results, and direct smears of infectious microorganisms are included. The material is arranged in chapters, grouping together infections in various body sites, and there are separate chapters on specific infections, such as tuberculosis. Over 700 illustrations appear in the text, most of them in color. The quality of the reproductions is consistently good, but because of the number of illustrations the written text is brief and superficial.  The scope of disease entities covered is impressive, ranging from the common viral childhood exanthems (some of which are not so common anymore) to the more arcane maladies of developing countries. Because of the variety and the high quality of the photographs, Infectious Diseases Illustrated is likely to become a standard reference picture book
Absence of blood-pressure lowering effect of captopril in anephric patients.
Authors: B R Leslie, D B Case, J F Sullivan, E D Vaughan
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Captopril, an orally active inhibitor of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, was administered in a single dose to five anephric patients who had extremely low plasma renin activities. The drug did not lower blood pressure or significantly alter plasma renin activity in any patient but increased mean arterial pressure slightly in three. These results suggest that the blood-pressure lowering effect of captopril depends on an active renal renin-angiotensin system. Though additional mechanisms, such as accumulation of vasodilator kinins resulting from kininase II inhibition, may also contribute to captopril9s action, these mechanisms apparently require the presence of the kidney to have a clinically detectable effect.
Prenatal Exposure to Acetaminophen in Relationship to Total IgE at Birth, Six Months and Two Years of Age
Authors: C.C. Johnson, G.R. Wegienka, S.L. Havstad, V.W. Persky, C.L.M. Joseph, K.J. Woodcroft, E.M. Zoratti, E.L. Peterson, K.R. Bobbitt, L.K. Williams, D.R. Ownby
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Plasma Binding of Imipramine and Clinical Outcome
Authors: ALEXANDER H. GLASSMAN, MARIA J. HURWIC, JAMES M. PEREL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The binding of imipramine to plasma protein was examined in 26 depressed patients. In contrast to the findings of previously published reports, the fraction of the drug that remained unbound was found to vary significantly from one patient to another. This finding provides a possible explanation for the discrepancies that have been found in studies that have attempted to correlate plasma levels of antidepressant drugs and clinical outcome.
Time trends in prevalence and severity of childhood asthma and allergies from 1995 to 2002 in France
Authors: I. Annesi‐Maesano, C. Mourad, J.‐P. Daures, S. Kalaboka, P. Godard
Journal: Allergy (2009)

To assess time trends in symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema among adolescents in Languedoc Roussillon, France.Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted 7 years apart using the same protocol. School-based samples of 3383 participants in the 1995 survey and 1642 participants in the 2002 survey respectively were recruited.There was a tendency towards stagnation in current symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. Indices related to lifetime diagnosis of asthma, hay fever and eczema increased. For all the conditions, indices of severity also showed a decrease in the 7-year study period.Our study shows that symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema were stable, supporting the effectiveness of national asthma prevention and management guidelines for such diseases. The increase in indices related to lifetime diagnosis could be the result of increased public and professional awareness of the diseases and changes in diagnostic labelling in recent years.
Management of maternal phenylketonuria: an emerging clinical problem.
Authors: G M Komrower, I B Sardharwalla, J M Coutts, D Ingham
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The children of untreated phenylketonuric women have a significantly higher mortality and morbidity than average. The success of neonatal screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) means that an increasing number of healthy intelligent women with PKU are reaching childbearing age and will create a new therapeutic problem for physicians and obstetricians in the next decade. This unit managed six mothers with PKU and treated three of them with diets throughout four pregnancies. The treatment and outcome was assessed in relation to those in other reported cases. Although treatment was beneficial in the four pregnancies studied directly, in all the reported cases the outcome of treatment varied considerably and was not clearly related to any one factor such as onset of treatment or the type of PKU. It is therefore not possible to give confident advice about the management of such cases. Since the number of women at risk will reach a peak in 10 years9 time there is an immediate need for a well-planned prospective study of this problem.
Changes in Skeletal Mineral in Patients on Prolonged Maintenance Dialysis
Authors: P. J. Atkinson, D. A. Hancock, V. N. Acharya, F. M. Parsons, E. A. Proctor, G. W. Reed
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The measurement of bone loss in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis over a period of two and a half years is reported. The tendency to lose bone is a likely event in renal failure, but depends more on the individual patient than on the type of dialysis used, provided that steps are taken to prevent avoidable calcium loss during dialysis. Vitamin D therapy was an important factor in preventing bone loss in some cases. The tendency to lose bone more readily when both kidneys were absent may have reflected a deficiency of 1-25 dihydrocholecalciferol. On the other hand, bone loss was also observed in transplanted patients. The need to measure bone loss at regular intervals once renal failure has been diagnosed is stressed.
Thrombocytopenia and Iron Deficiency
Authors: MERVYN A. SAHUD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 July 1974Thrombocytopenia and Iron DeficiencyMERVYN A. SAHUD, M.D., F.A.C.P., HARVEY OLSEN, M.D., LEO PEDEMONT, M.D.MERVYN A. SAHUD, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, HARVEY OLSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LEO PEDEMONT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-1-132 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. David Sonneborn's description of thrombocytopenia in adult iron deficiency anemia (Ann Intern Med 80:111, 1974) prompts us to describe an additional case of particular importance.A woman was hospitalized for anemia and thrombocytopenia. When a cholecystectomy was performed in 1968, a nodular cirrhosis was found. Since then she has required four additional hospitalizations for recurrent ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. There is no history of alcohol ingestion. On 25 February 1974, she was a chronically ill middle-aged woman with pale mucous membranes. The sclerae were white, the neck veins were not distended, and there was a...References1. MARCHASINWALLERSTEINAGGELER SRP: Variations of the platelet count in disease. Calif Med 101:95-100, 1964 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. GARGWEINERKARPATKIN SMS: Thrombocyte and megathrombocyte kinetics during thrombocytosis induced by acute and chronic blood loss and by iron deficiency diet. Haemostasis 1:121-135, 1972-73 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Coagulation Center Providence Hospital of Oakland Oakland, California 94609 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAn analysis of the relationship between severe iron deficiency anemia and thrombocytopeniaAn Unusual Case of ThrombocytopeniaThrombopénie ferriprive : un diagnostic différentiel rare du purpura thrombopénique auto-immunPlatelet counts in adults with iron deficiency anemiaThrombocytopenia in Children With Severe Iron DeficiencyThrombocytopenia Associated with Repletion of Lron in Lron-Deficiency AnemiaSevere thrombocytopenia in iron deficiency anemiaPlatelet aggregation in iron deficiency anemiaIron Responsive ThrombocytopeniaHOWARD SCHER, M.D., ROBERT SILBER, M.D. 1 July 1974Volume 81, Issue 1Page: 132-133KeywordsAnemiaCholecystectomyCirrhosisHepatosplenomegalyHospitalizationsIngestionIron deficiencyIron deficiency anemiaMucous membranesVeins Issue Published: 1 July 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Another threat to research in the United Kingdom
Authors: Richard Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

society is an important but complex task for research.We know from other research on social identity that respondents are likely to report problems and coping strategies that are acceptable within particular communities, and de-emphasise those that are seen as more difficult. 9 10For example, an implicit message from Riordan's study is that homophobia is a problem mainly in dealings with patients rather than fellow professionals.This may support earlier research, which shows that over time professionals have become more accepting of lesbian, gay, and bisexual colleagues but which could also reflect reluctance to talk about a painful issue. 11early, we need a larger dataset before we can be sure about this and other matters of detail.In the meantime, exploratory research like that of Riordan can play a valuable role in widening professional awareness of a taboo subject and suggesting hypotheses for further investigation in larger, more systematic studies.
Trichuris suis ova therapy for allergic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Peter Bager, John Arnved, Steen Rønborg, Jan Wohlfahrt, Lars K. Poulsen, Tine Westergaard, Henning Willads Petersen, Bjarne Kristensen, Stig Thamsborg, Allan Roepstorff, Christian Kapel, Mads Melbye
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
When I was hungry and thirsty were you there?
Authors: R. Anthony-Pillai
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The story of the Liverpool care pathway is indeed a cautionary tale.1 It is an example of what can happen when commissioners see outcomes purely as numbers, and clinicians are driven by protocols. Quality is elusive and visible but soon disappears when one tries to measure it. Protocols and guidelines are useful in standardising care and …
Kenneth Charles Robertson Halliday
Authors: K. C. C. Halliday
Journal: BMJ (2012)

After qualifying, Kenneth Charles Robertson Halliday spent six months at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, followed by six months in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire, before doing National Service as a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Germany. Thereafter he spent perods of varying length as assistant GP in Rosyth, Fife, Gordon, Berwickshire, and Barnsley (Yorkshire). The …
Parallel Evolution of Truncated Transfer RNA Genes in Arachnid Mitochondrial Genomes
Authors: Susan E. Masta, Jeffrey L. Boore
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

The cloverleaf secondary structure of transfer RNA (tRNA) is highly conserved across all forms of life. Here, we provide sequence data and inferred secondary structures for all tRNA genes from 8 new arachnid mitochondrial genomes, including representatives from 6 orders. These data show remarkable reductions in tRNA gene sequences, indicating that T-arms are missing from many of the 22 tRNAs in the genomes of 4 out of 7 orders of arachnids. Additionally, all opisthothele spiders possess some tRNA genes that lack sequences that could form well-paired aminoacyl acceptor stems. We trace the evolution of T-arm loss onto phylogenies of arachnids and show that a genome-wide propensity to lose sequences that encode canonical cloverleaf structures likely evolved multiple times within arachnids. Mapping of structural characters also shows that certain tRNA genes appear more evolutionarily prone to lose the sequence coding for the T-arm and that once a T-arm is lost, it is not regained. We use tRNA structural data to construct a phylogeny of arachnids and find high bootstrap support for a clade that is not supported in phylogenies that are based on more traditional morphological characters. Together, our data demonstrate variability in structural evolution among different tRNAs as well as evidence for parallel evolution of the loss of sequence coding for tRNA arms within an ancient and diverse group of animals.
Abstract 5133: Transcriptional repression of VEGF by ZNF24: Mechanistic studies and vascular consequences <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Di Jia, Sean Hasso, Joanne Chan, Patricia D'Amore, David Zurakowski, Scott Rodig, Marsha Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of both normal and pathological angiogenesis. It plays critical roles in physiological processes such as maintaining vascular stability and promoting skeletal muscle differentiation. Under pathological conditions such as cancer, VEGF serves as a principle proangiogenic factor to facilitate tumor angiogenesis. To date, although many trans-activating factors of VEGF have been well described, transcriptional repression of VEGF remains much less understood. We have previously reported the identification of a SCAN domain-containing C2H2 zinc finger protein, ZNF24, which functions to repress the transcription of VEGF via direct binding to the proximal VEGF promoter. In the current study, we have focused on mapping the ZNF24 binding site within the VEGF promoter and exploring its functions in vivo. Utilizing electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we have identified an 11bp fragment of the proximal VEGF promoter as the ZNF24 binding site and show that it is essential for ZNF24-mediated repression. In addition, this fragment can modulate VEGF transcription as a decoy for ZNF24 when introduced into human breast cancer cells. Using transgenic zebrafish as an in vivo model system, we have demonstrated that expression of human ZNF24 induces vascular defects similar to those induced by VEGF knockdown. Importantly, these defects can be rescued by overexpression of VEGF. Analysis of human breast cancer tissues has shown that ZNF24 protein levels are significantly decreased in malignant tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues. Our data support the conclusion that ZNF24 represses VEGF transcription through direct binding to an 11bp fragment of the VEGF proximal promoter and that it may function as a negative regulator of tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. (Supported by NIH P01 CA045548 and The Breast Cancer Research Foundation) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5133. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5133
Acute autoimmune response in a case of 3yromellitic acid dianhydride‐induced hemorrhagic alveolitis
Authors: A. B. Czuppon, V. Kaplan, R. Speich, X. Baur
Journal: Allergy (1994)

A 17‐year‐old man was occupationally exposed to pyromellitic acid dianhydride dust during the production of epoxy resin in a chemical factory. He was clinically diagnosed as having acute hemorrhagic alveolitis associated with anemia. The serologic analysis revealed a high concentration of IgG antibodies against pyromellitic acid dianhydride‐treated human serum albumin (PMDA‐HSA). Immunoblotting with PMDA‐treated human serum as antigen and the patient's serum as the first antibody showed that additional PMDA‐modified serum proteins other than HSA were recognized by the patient's IgG antibodies in the higher mol. mass range (&gt;67 kDa). No specific IgG could be detected against other anhydride conjugates (maleic acid, MA; phthalic acid, PA) with the exception of a reaction with the trimellitic acid anhydride‐conjugated HSA (TMA‐HSA). No specific IgE antibodies could be detected against any of the above mentioned antigens, but immunoblotting of the patient's serum indicated IgG 4‐type autoantibodies against in vitro PMDA‐treated Ig molecules of normal serum proteins.