tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardioprotective effects of the Na+/H+-exchange inhibitor cariporide in infarct-induced heart failure
Authors: H Spitznagel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objective: We investigated the effect of chronic treatment with the new Na+/H+-exchange inhibitor, cariporide, on cardiac function and remodelling 6 weeks after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods: Treatment with cariporide was commenced either 1 week pre or 30 min, 3 h, 24 h or 7 days after ligation of the left ventricular artery and was continued until haemodynamic parameters were obtained 6 weeks after MI in conscious rats. Results: Compared to sham animals, untreated MI-controls developed pronounced heart failure after 6 weeks. Basal left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (in mmHg) was reduced in the groups in which cariporide was started 1 week pre (16.0±1.7) or 30 min (12.5±1.1), 3 h (11.8±1.0) and 24 h (13.0±2.5) after MI compared to untreated MI-controls (22.4±1.5; P<0.01). Basal myocardial contractility (in 1000 mmHg/s) was only increased when treatment was initiated after 30 min (9.0±0.7), 3 h (8.5±0.3) and 24 h (8.0±0.7) compared to untreated MI-controls (5.8±0.7; P<0.05–0.01). Infarct size (in % of left ventricular circumference) was 40.0±2.1 in MI-controls and was decreased when treatment was begun after 30 min (32.6±2.7) or 3 h (32.4±2.3) (P<0.05). In animals, in which cariporide was started 3 h after induction of MI, heart weight/body weight ratio was significantly decreased, indicating reduced cardiac hypertrophy. When treatment started 7 days after MI, cariporide did not exert any beneficial actions on structural and functional cardiac parameters. Conclusion: Our results show for the first time that chronic treatment with the Na+/H+-exchange inhibitor cariporide engendered marked cardioprotective effects when commenced before and up to 24 h after MI. The optimal time for the start of treatment was between 30 min and 3 h post MI.
Preoperative TNM-classification is a better prognostic indicator for recurrence nof hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation than albumin mRNA in peripheral blood
Authors: Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Johann Pidlich, Michael Bergmann, Peter Ferenci, Christian Seelos, Martina Wichlas, Emanuel Lipinski, Michael Gnant, Alfred Gangl, Ferdinand Mühlbacher
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
MEDICINE: ITS ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND ITS NEEDS
Authors: JABEZ N. JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1927)

It is a great privilege to have lived in the present generation. Within its span more has been added to the sum of human knowledge than in any previous period of the world's history. The Golden Age it has been called—the Age of Science. Discovery after discovery has followed in such rapid sequence that the mind of ordinary man is awed with amazement. Fundamental principles of science, slowly comprehended through long periods of time past, have suddenly found practical application beyond even the vision of the dreamer. Through them man has been given mastery in a measure over land and sea and sky. The application of power to motion has revolutionized transportation and conquered space. By wire, by cable, by radio, through the air practically instantaneous communication around the world has been made possible. News and knowledge are thus promptly interchanged and the advances of one become the heritage of
Adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid–binding proteins contribute to metabolic deterioration through actions in both macrophages and adipocytes in mice
Authors: Masato Furuhashi, Raquel Fucho, Cem Z. Görgün, Gürol Tuncman, Haiming Cao, Gökhan S. Hotamisligil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Adipose tissue inflammation is a characteristic of obesity. However, the mechanisms that regulate this inflammatory response and link adipose inflammation to systemic metabolic consequences are not fully understood. In this study, we have taken advantage of the highly restricted coexpression of adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid–binding proteins (FABPs) aP2 (FABP4) and mal1 (FABP5) to examine the contribution of these lipid chaperones in macrophages and adipocytes to local and systemic inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in mice. Deletion of FABPs in adipocytes resulted in reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, whereas the same deletion in macrophages led to enhanced insulin signaling and glucose uptake in adipocytes. Using radiation chimerism through bone marrow transplantation, we generated mice with FABP deficiency in bone marrow and stroma-derived elements in vivo and studied the impact of each cellular target on local and systemic insulin action and glucose metabolism in dietary obesity. The results of these experiments indicated that neither macrophages nor adipocytes individually could account for the total impact of FABPs on systemic metabolism and suggest that interactions between these 2 cell types, particularly in adipose tissue, are critical for the inflammatory basis of metabolic deterioration.
The use of helical cardiac tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction in the evaluation of children with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve syndrome
Authors: C.N. Raghunath, P.G. Sridhar, A. Varma, P.V. Suresh, C. John, R. Sharma, A. Kalyanpur, Sunita Maheshwari, Narayana Hrudayalaya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Toxicology of haloacetonitriles.
Authors: J R Hayes, L W Condie, J F Borzelleca
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Haloacetonitriles are by-products of water chlorination and may form in vivo from the reaction of residual chlorine with endogenous compounds such as amino acids. Dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN) was negative in selected mutagenic assays; dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) was mutagenic in S. typhimurium, but not in S. cerevisiae. Both DBAN and DCAN may be carcinogenic. There is a paucity of basic toxicological data for these compounds. The studies described were conducted to determine the acute, subacute, and subchronic toxicity of DBAN and DCAN. The acute oral LD50 values (mg/kg) in mice and rats are: DBAN, mice: 289 (M), 303 (F); DBAN, rats: 245 (M), 361 (F); DCAN, mice: 270 (M), 279 (F); DCAN, rats: 339 (M), 330 (F). Death was preceded by slowed respiration, depressed activity, prostration, and coma. There were no apparent compound-related gross pathological effects. DBAN (in corn oil) was administered by gavage to male and female CD rats for 14 or 90 days at levels of 23, 45, 90, and 180 mg/kg/day or 6, 23, and 45 mg/kg/day, respectively. Mortality was 100% at 180 mg/kg and 40% (M) and 20% (F) at 90 mg/kg/day. Compound-related mortality was 10% (M) and 5% (F) at 45 mg/kg and 0% (M) and 10% (F) at 23 mg/kg during the 90-day study. No consistent, significant, adverse compound-related effects on any of the parameters evaluated were evident. Possible target organs might be spleen, thymus, and liver. The no-observed adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for 14 days was 45 mg/kg/day and for 90 days was 23 mg/kg/day. DCAN (in corn oil) was administered by gavage to male and female CD rats for 14 or 90 days at levels of 12, 23, 45, and 90 mg/kg/day or 8, 33, and 65 mg/kg/day, respectively. There were no deaths during the 14-day study. Compound-related mortality was 50% (M) and 25% (F) at 65 mg/kg, 10% (M) and 5% (F) at 33 mg/kg, and 5% (M) and 0% (F) at 8 mg/kg during the 90-day study. Body weights were significantly lower at 90 and 65 mg/kg/day; weight and ratios of spleen and gonads and cholesterol levels were significantly lower at 90 mg/kg/day. No consistent, significant adverse compound-related effects on any of the parameters evaluated were evident. The NOAEL for 14 days was 45 mg/kg/day and for 90 days was 8 mg/kg/day.
Case-control study of oestrogen replacement therapy and risk of cervical cancer
Authors: F. Parazzini, C. La Vecchia, E. Negri, S. Franceschi, S. Moroni, L. Chatenoud, G. Bolis
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To examine the relation between use of oestrogen replacement therapy and risk of cervical cancer. <b>Design:</b> Case-control study. <b>Setting:</b> Northern Italy. <b>Subjects:</b> 645 women aged 40-75 years with cervical cancer admitted between 1981 and 1993 to university and general hospitals. The control group consisted of 749 women aged 40-75 years admitted to the same hospitals with acute conditions judged to be unrelated to any of the known or suspected risk factors for cervical cancer. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Use of oestrogen replacement therapy and risk of cervical cancer. <b>Results:</b> 40 cases versus 86 controls had ever used oestrogens, and the corresponding multivariate odds ratio was 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.3 to 0.8). The odds ratios of cervical cancer decreased with duration of use, being 0.6 (0.4 to 1.1) for less than 12 months9 use and 0.5 (0.2 to 1.0) for use for 12 months or more compared with never users. The protection tended to be somewhat stronger for women reporting first oestrogen use before age 50. The odds ratio was 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) for women who had taken oestrogens within the past 10 years and 0.4 (0.2 to 0.7) for those who had taken them 10 or more years ago. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that exogenous oestrogens do not increase the risk of cervical cancer and may decrease the risk. <h3>Key messages</h3> Although hormonal factors are thought to be important in the development of cervical cancer, few data exist on the role of oestrogen replacement therapy In this case-control study women who had taken oestrogen replacement therapy had no higher risk of cervical cancer than women who had not, and the risk may even have been slightly reduced The odds of cervical cancer decreased with duration of use The reduced risk seems to persist for 10 years or more
Local skin depigmentation due to corticosteroid injection.
Authors: R J Newman
Journal: BMJ (1984)

surgery and use of drugs that modify disease as both measures are objective and unlikely to be omitted from case notes and may be re- quired in severe chronic destructive disease.These measures were not associated with antinuclear antibody initially or subsequently, which is particularly notable as antinuclear antibody (and correlated rheumatoid factor) may be used as criteria for selection for surgery or second line drugs.The lack of correlation strongly suggests that the presence of antinuclear antibody initially is not an adverse prognostic indicator in rheumatoid arthritis; thus the test for antinuclear antibody is of little value in the routine assessment of straightforward rheumatoid arthritis.We thank Drs R D Sturrock and H A Capell for allowing us to study their patients, and Mrs V Eardley for typing the manuscript.
A New Anticancer Glycolipid Monoclonal Antibody, SC104, which Directly Induces Tumor Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Lindy G. Durrant, Stephen J. Harding, Nicola H. Green, Lorraine D. Buckberry, Tina Parsons
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

A novel monoclonal antibody was raised by immunization of mice with colorectal tumor cell lines. The fusion was screened by immunohistochemistry for binding to primary colorectal tumors. Subsequent analysis on primary disaggregated colorectal tumors show that the antibody recognizes a cell surface antigen expressed by the majority of colorectal tumors. Antigen characterization has shown that the antibody recognizes a sialyltetraosylceramide but does not bind to GM1, GD1a, GT1b, or sialyl Lewis(X) antigens. Binding to a frozen panel of tumor and normal tissue sections revealed that the antigen was also strongly expressed on esophageal, gastric, and endometrial tumors. Its normal tissue distribution was largely restricted to moderate staining of large intestine. Surprisingly, SC104 antibody directly induces tumor cell death without the need for immune effector cells or complement. This may be related in part to its homophilic binding properties that allow cross-linking of antibody and receptors on the cell surface. Caspase activation can be detected following SC104 treatment of colorectal cells, and cotreatment with caspase inhibitors has been shown to inhibit cell death. This suggests that SC104 induces death by a classic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, SC104 antibody shows additive killing with complement and 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin in vivo, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for this class of antibodies.
Increased Brain Penetration and Potency of a Therapeutic Antibody Using a Monovalent Molecular Shuttle
Authors: Jens Niewoehner, Bernd Bohrmann, Ludovic Collin, Eduard Urich, Hadassah Sade, Peter Maier, Petra Rueger, Jan Olaf Stracke, Wilma Lau, Alain C. Tissot, Hansruedi Loetscher, Anirvan Ghosh, Per-Ola Freskgård
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving. Results from a national self-reported survey of health behaviors
Authors: S. Liu
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To estimate how frequently adults in the United States drive while impaired by alcohol.Telephone survey.The 49 states (and the District of Columbia) that participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 1993.A total of 102,263 noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years or older.The percentage of respondents who reported alcohol-impaired driving; number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving per 1000 adult population; and total number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving-each by age, sex, race, level of education, and state.Overall, 2.5% of adults reported an estimated 123 million episodes of alcohol-impaired driving in 1993. This corresponds to 655 episodes of alcohol-impaired driving for each 1000 adults (range among states per 1000 adults, 165-1550). Alcohol-impaired driving was most frequent among men aged 21 to 34 years (1739 episodes per 1000 adults) and was nearly as frequent among men aged 18 to 20 years (1623 episodes per 1000 adults), despite legislation in all states that prohibited the sale of alcohol to persons younger than age 21 years in 1993.Alcohol-impaired driving is common even among underage persons. Strict enforcement of laws that discourage alcohol-impaired driving is needed along with community and patient education to reduce the prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving and prevent injuries and deaths from alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes. Data from the BRFSS, an ongoing source of national and state-specific data on the number of episodes of alcohol-impaired driving, are potentially useful for monitoring trends and evaluating the effect of future efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving.
Corporate Strategies for Computerization
Authors: Clement J. McDonald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters5 September 2006Corporate Strategies for ComputerizationClement J. McDonald, MDClement J. McDonald, MDFrom Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-5-200609050-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE: I thank Drs. Wu and Shah for their thoughtful letter. Just to be clear, I was not criticizing bar-code systems in general. Bar coding is the perfect solution for many identification problems, for example, the identification of groceries at the checkout counter; we all appreciate the resultant faster checkout times. My criticism was limited to bar-coding systems used to verify medication dispensing at the bedside. Both published reports and recent conversations with disappointed CEOs suggest that these systems have not delivered the nursing time savings and error elimination they promised. Furthermore, they appear to change nursing priorities—an unintended ...References1. Patterson ES, Cook RI, Render ML. Improving patient safety by identifying side effects from introducing bar coding in medication administration. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2002;9:540-53. [PMID: 12223506] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. White E. Rethinking quality improvement. Wall Street Journal. 19 September 2005:B3. Google Scholar3. Sirovich BE, Gottlieb DJ, Welch HG, Fisher ES. Regional variations in health care intensity and physician perceptions of quality of care. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:641-9. [PMID: 16670133] LinkGoogle Scholar4. Hripcsak G, Austin JH, Alderson PO, Friedman C. Use of natural language processing to translate clinical information from a database of 889, 921 chest radiographic reports. Radiology. 2002;224:157-63. [PMID: 12091676] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoComputerization Can Create Safety Hazards: A Bar-Coding Near Miss Clement J. McDonald Regional Variations in Health Care Intensity and Physician Perceptions of Quality of Care Brenda E. Sirovich , Daniel J. Gottlieb , H. Gilbert Welch , and Elliott S. Fisher Corporate Strategies for Computerization Edward C. Wu and Nirav Shah Metrics Cited byScanning for SafetyScanning for Safety 5 September 2006Volume 145, Issue 5Page: 395-396KeywordsComputersConflicts of interestHealth careHealth care sectorInformation technologyMotivationNatural language processing ePublished: 5 September 2006 Issue Published: 5 September 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
1109-107 Minimally invasive transdiaphragmatic pericardial shunting assisted by video thoracoscope and transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Tamas Habon, Laszlo Czopf, Elod Papp, Ferenc Sari, Kalman Toth, Tamas F Molnar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Pneumopericardium and Pneumomediastinum after Polypectomy
Authors: J. Bakker, F. v. Kersen, J. Bellaar Spruyt
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

A case of colonic perforation followed by the development of pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema as complications of colonoscopic polypectomy is described. Surgical intervention with primary closure was successfully performed 24 hours after perforation.
Ethnicity and Medical Care
Authors: Christine L. Fry
Journal: JAMA (1982)

With recent increases in ethnic heterogeneity and the realization that the United States is not the fabled melting pot,<i>Ethnicity and Medical Care</i>is a timely and much-needed book. Ethnicity is an obvious variable creating barriers to the effective delivery of medical care. Medical researchers have not ignored ethnicity, but, as nearly all the contributors to this volume note, the available data are uneven and provide only a limited exploration of the ethnic view of medicine, health, and well-being. The net effect is that ethnicity remains flat, stereotyped, and a barrier to communication and treatment.<i>Ethnicity and Medical Care</i>rectifies this by presenting ethnicity as a rich variable that has important implications for clinicians and other health care professionals who regularly or occasionally work with patients of different ethnic origin. Lack of integration is always a hazard in assembling the work of multiple (in this case seven) experts, but the
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Initial results and long-term follow-up after Morrow septal myectomy.
Authors: J M ten Berg, M J Suttorp, P J Knaepen, S M Ernst, F E Vermeulen, W Jaarsma
Journal: Circulation (1994)

This study was performed to assess the initial results and long-term follow-up of Morrow septal myectomy for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).We studied 38 consecutive patients with HOCM (age, 13 to 74 years) who underwent a Morrow septal myectomy between 1977 and 1992. There were no perioperative deaths, and the postoperative course was uneventful for all except 2 of the patients. One patient required implantation of a pacemaker due to a complete heart block, and in 1 patient a small ventricular septal defect was caused. Follow-up (mean, 6.8 years) was 100% complete. No patient was reoperated for recurrent HOCM. All except 1 patient experienced a major functional improvement with a decrease of the mean New York Heart Association functional class from 3.0 before operation to 1.5 at follow-up (P < .001). Symptoms persisting during follow-up were angina pectoris in 3 of 22 patients (14%), dyspnea in 6 of 30 patients (20%), dizzy spells in 2 of 12 patients (17%), and syncope in 2 of 10 patients (20%). During follow-up no HOCM related death occurred. All patients were restudied by Doppler echocardiography. The peak gradient in the left ventricular outflow tract decreased from 72 +/- 30 mm Hg (range, 31 to 144 mm Hg) to 6 +/- 4 mm Hg (range, 0 to 20; P < .001). A systolic anterior movement was seen in 8 patients (21%) compared with 32 patients (97%) before the operation (P < .001). The left ventricular outflow tract diameter increased from 17 +/- 3 mm (range, 10 to 23 mm) to 22 +/- 3 mm (range, 15 to 33 mm; P < .001), and the mean subaortic septal thickness decreased from 23 +/- 5 mm (range, 15 to 35 mm) to 15 +/- 6 mm (range, 8 to 30 mm; P < .001).Morrow septal myectomy for patients with HOCM is a safe procedure with an excellent clinical and Doppler echocardiographic long-term follow-up.
Patient-reported outcomes assessment in chronic hepatitis C treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin: The VALENCE study
Authors: Zobair M. Younossi, Maria Stepanova, Stefan Zeuzem, Geoffrey Dusheiko, Rafael Esteban, Christophe Hezode, Hendrik W. Reesink, Ola Weiland, Fatema Nader, Sharon L. Hunt
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Lung Clearance Index Is a Repeatable and Sensitive Indicator of Radiological Changes in Bronchiectasis
Authors: Stephen A. Rowan, Judy M. Bradley, Ian Bradbury, John Lawson, Tom Lynch, Per Gustafsson, Alex Horsley, Katherine O’Neill, Madeleine Ennis, J. Stuart Elborn
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

In bronchiectasis there is a need for improved markers of lung function to determine disease severity and response to therapy.To assess whether the lung clearance index is a repeatable and more sensitive indicator of computed tomography (CT) scan abnormalities than spirometry in bronchiectasis.Thirty patients with stable bronchiectasis were recruited and lung clearance index, spirometry, and health-related quality of life measures were assessed on two occasions, 2 weeks apart when stable (study 1). A separate group of 60 patients with stable bronchiectasis was studied on a single visit with the same measurements and a CT scan (study 2).In study 1, the intervisit intraclass correlation coefficient for the lung clearance index was 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 0.97; P < 0.001). In study 2, the mean age was 62 (10) years, FEV1 76.5% predicted (18.9), lung clearance index 9.1 (2.0), and total CT score 14.1 (10.2)%. The lung clearance index was abnormal in 53 of 60 patients (88%) and FEV1 was abnormal in 37 of 60 patients (62%). FEV1 negatively correlated with the lung clearance index (r = -0.51, P < 0.0001). Across CT scores, there was a relationship with the lung clearance index, with little evidence of an effect of FEV1. There were no significant associations between the lung clearance index or FEV1 and health-related quality of life.The lung clearance index is repeatable and a more sensitive measure than FEV1 in the detection of abnormalities demonstrated on CT scan. The lung clearance index has the potential to be a useful clinical and research tool in patients with bronchiectasis.
Unusual case of emphysema.
Authors: D. R. Leitch
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MWIcAmJ~O~uWL 383 which depending to some degree on the plasma lipid level.Hypertension therefore accelerates and intensifies the atherosclerotic process.It is of significance that personality may also affect cholesterol and lipid metabolism, as it has been shown that emotional stress and activation can cause a rise in serum lipids.6