tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rhabdomyolysis in elderly people after collapse.
Authors: P J Ratcliffe, J G Ledingham, P Berman, G K Wilcock, J Keenan
Journal: BMJ (1984)

After the patient was discharged from hospital there was little improvement in her speech and she developed increasing dyspnoea on minimal exertion accompanied by stridor.Laryngoscopy 18 months after her accident again showed failure of both vocal cords to abduct from the midline and so a tracheostomy was performed to relieve the symptoms.She also awaits corrective surgery for the diplopia.
Nonspecific esterase of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
Authors: Tatsuki Matsuo, Nemi C. Jain, John M. Bennett
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Leukemic cells of 43 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) were investigated morphologically and cytochemically to determine the percentage of aberrant enzymes and whether or not the presence impacts on the clinical outcome. Twelve patients (27.9%) showed alpha‐naphythyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity in their leukemic cells, and two of these cases revealed remarkably low myeloperoxidase (MPO) positivity, a pattern seen in monocytic precursors. However, further cytochemical evidence for this monocytic feature, the inhibition of naphthol AS‐D acetate esterase (NASDA) activity with sodium fluoride (NASDA‐F), was found in only five of these nine patients. In 31 cases (72.1%), there was minimal ANAE activity. Of interest, two of these were devoid of naphthol AS‐D chloroacetate esterase (CAE), which is prominently displayed in neu‐trophilic granulocytes, even though these leukemic cells were 100% intensely positive for MPO activity. Between the two groups with and without ANAE activity, there were no remarkable differences in the distribution of sex and age, hematological findings, and rates of complete response. Our study has confirmed the cytochemical heterogeneity of M3 with no obvious relationship between this heterogeneity and early therapeutic outcome.
'Dialysis related arthropathy': a survey of 95 patients receiving chronic haemodialysis with special reference to beta 2 microglobulin related amyloidosis.
Authors: N P Hurst, R van den Berg, A Disney, M Alcock, L Albertyn, M Green, V Pascoe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Ninety five patients receiving chronic haemodialysis (CHD) were surveyed to determine the prevalence of rheumatic disease and, where possible, its aetiology. At least three distinct rheumatic syndromes were identified--a group of patients with a syndrome consisting of large and medium joint synovial swelling, restricted hips and shoulders, tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and bone cysts due to deposition of beta 2 microglobulin related amyloid (AM beta 2m); a second group with erosive azotaemic osteoarthropathy; and a third group with age related degenerative disease of small, large, and axial joints. The data presented suggest that in patients receiving CHD (a) the prevalence of AM beta 2m deposition and the associated syndrome increases with duration of dialysis, but in patients who have been dialysed for more than 10 years the risk of developing AM beta 2m is related to age; (b) AM beta 2m deposition in subchondral cysts, but not synovium, causes joint destruction; also, AM beta 2m may be more prone to deposition in synovium of joints already damaged by other processes; (c) in the absence of synovial iron deposition synovial AM beta 2m is not associated with an inflammatory infiltrate; (d) hyperparathyroidism and perhaps other factors such as synovial iron deposition are probably more important than AM beta 2m as causes of peripheral joint degeneration and destructive spondyloarthropathy in patients receiving CHD.
Ablation of proximal tubular suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 enhances tubular cell cycling and modifies macrophage phenotype during acute kidney injury
Authors: Nathan Susnik, Inga Sörensen-Zender, Song Rong, Sibylle von Vietinghoff, Xia Lu, Isabelle Rubera, Michel Tauc, Christine S. Falk, Warren S. Alexander, Anette Melk, Herrmann Haller, Roland Schmitt
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Value of Fluoride Supplements in Prevention of Dental Caries
Authors: Frederick J. Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Dental caries is the most common disease of mankind. Numerous studies over the years have demonstrated the significant effects of water fluoridation in reducing caries. Methods are now finally available whereby caries rates can be remarkably reduced for those children living in nonfluoridated water areas. In the July issue of the<i>American Journal of Diseases of Children</i>(129:794-800, 1975), an article by Margolis et al, "Fluoride: Ten-Year Prospective Study of Deciduous and Permanent Dentition," reports a striking reduction in caries rates with the use of supplemental fluoride treatment prescribed from infancy. The responsibility for giving lifetime protection to the deciduous and permanent teeth lies of necessity with the physician. Since the deciduous teeth are calcified by age 1, and calcification of the permanent teeth begins at birth and is complete at age 8 to 10 years, supplemental fluoride must be prescribed in the first ten months of life and continued
Successful plasma exchange in type 1 leprosy reversal reaction.
Authors: F Lucht, G Rifle, H Portier, J M Chalopin, J Bonhomme
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A 24 year old man admitted to hospital with borderline lepromatous leprosy was treated with rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine. After four months he developed a reversal reaction and the diagnosis was modified to borderline tuberculoid leprosy. The dose of clofazimine was raised and prednisolone added to the regimen without any symptomatic response. His condition improved dramatically after five plasma exchanges on five successive days.
Contour Restoration Following Simple or Modified Radical Mastectomy
Authors: John E. Woods
Journal: JAMA (1976)

With the increasing performance of modified radical mastectomy in the treatment of female breast cancer, satisfactory restoration of contour can be performed by a relatively simple procedure. In a large number of patients, this constitutes the optimal rehabilitation in the appropriate circumstances. It is hoped that with an increasing awareness of the possibility of this type of restoration, the procedure will be more widely applied.
Promoting More Conservative Prescribing
Authors: Gordon D. Schiff
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disseminated Mantle-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Petechial Maculopapular Eruption
Authors: Sarah I. Jawed, Travis J. Hollmann, Craig H. Moskowitz, Garrett Desman, Christiane Querfeld
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Cutaneous involvement by mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) is rare. We describe an unusual case of advanced-stage MCL that presented with a diffuse petechial maculopapular eruption mimicking a hypersensitivity reaction.
The base rate fallacy reconsidered: Descriptive, normative, and methodological challenges
Authors: Jonathan J. Koehler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract We have been oversold on the base rate fallacy in probabilistic judgment from an empirical, normative, and methodological standpoint. At the empirical level, a thorough examination of the base rate literature (including the famous lawyer–engineer problem) does not support the conventional wisdom that people routinely ignore base rates. Quite the contrary, the literature shows that base rates are almost always used and that their degree of use depends on task structure and representation. Specifically, base rates play a relatively larger role in tasks where base rates are implicitly learned or can be represented in frequentist terms. Base rates are also used more when they are reliable and relatively more diagnostic than available individuating information. At the normative level, the base rate fallacy should be rejected because few tasks map unambiguously into the narrow framework that is held up as the standard of good decision making. Mechanical applications of Bayes's theorem to identify performance errors are inappropriate when (1) key assumptions of the model are either unchecked or grossly violated, and (2) no attempt is made to identify the decision maker's goals, values, and task assumptions. Methodologically, the current approach is criticized for its failure to consider how the ambiguous, unreliable, and unstable base rates of the real world are and should be used. Where decision makers' assumptions and goals vary, and where performance criteria are complex, the traditional Bayesian standard is insufficient. Even where predictive accuracy is the goal in commonly defined problems, there may be situations (e.g., informationally redundant environments) in which base rates can be ignored with impunity. A more ecologically valid research program is called for. This program should emphasize the development of prescriptive theory in rich, realistic decision environments.
THE DIET IN THE TREATMENT OF CARDIAC FAILURE
Authors: FRED M. SMITH
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The importance of the diet in cardiac failure has apparently not been fully appreciated. The Karell diet is usually mentioned in the discussion of the treatment of advanced cardiac failure with edema. While this diet greatly promotes the elimination of excess fluid, it is obviously inadequate because of its low energy value. Various modifications of the Karell diet have been recommended, but in each instance the caloric value has not been sufficient to maintain a normal metabolism. 1   In advanced cardiac failure, not only the heart but also the entire body is in an exhausted condition. The diet should thus not impose an excess load but still provide sufficient energy. The sodium chloride should be reduced and the liquid intake restricted when edema is present, though not to the degree ordinarily practiced. Milk is a very desirable constituent of the diet because of the ease with which it is assimilated
ATP-sensitive potassium channelopathies: focus on insulin secretion
Authors: F. M. Ashcroft
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, so named because they are inhibited by intracellular ATP, play key physiological roles in many tissues. In pancreatic β cells, these channels regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and serve as the target for sulfonylurea drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on insulin secretory disorders, such as congenital hyperinsulinemia and neonatal diabetes, that result from mutations in KATP channel genes. It also considers the extent to which defective regulation of KATP channel activity contributes to the etiology of type 2 diabetes.
FULMINATING MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS: RECOVERY FOLLOWING SYSTEMATIC CISTERNAL PUNCTURES AND POLYVALENT SERUM
Authors: J. N. C. Ford, G. Shera, J. Purves-Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1932)

S. Discretion regarding the oil used makes complications negligible.6. Of twenty cases, eight improved sufficiently to allow of their return to work.I am indebted to Drs.Cro-we and Costello for assisting in the treatment; also to Drs.
Iron Deficiency in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Obesity, Female Gender, and Low Serum Hepcidin
Authors: Asma Siddique, James E. Nelson, Bradley Aouizerat, Matthew M. Yeh, Kris V. Kowdley, Stephanie H. Abrams, Ryan Himes, Rajesh Krisnamurthy, Leanel Maldonado, Beverly Morris, Patricia Brandt, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Jaividhya Dasarathy, Carol Hawkins, Arthur McCullough, Mangesh Pagadala, Rish Pai, Ruth Sargent, Shetal Shah, Claudia Ortiz Zein, Kimberlee Bernstein, Kim Cecil, Stephanie DeVore, Rohit Kohli, Kathleen Lake, Daniel Podberesky, Crystal Slaughter, Stavra Xanthakos, Gerald Behr, Joel E. Lavine, Ali Mencin, Nadia Ovchinsky, Elena Reynoso, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Mustafa Bashir, Stephanie Buie, Anna Mae Diehl, Cynthia Guy, Christopher Kigongo, Yi Ping Pan, Dawn Piercy, Melissa Wagner, Adina Alazraki, Rebecca Cleeton, Saul Karpen, Nicholas Raviele, Miriam Vos, Elizabeth Byam, Naga Chalasani, Oscar W. Cummings, Cynthia Fleming, Marwan Ghabril, Ann Klipsch, Smitha Marri, Jean P. Molleston, Linda Ragozzino, Kumar Sandrasegaran, Girish Subbarao, Raj Vuppalanchi, Kimberly Pfeifer, Ann Scheimann, Michael Torbenson, Ronen Arnon, Mariel Boyd, Katie Amsden, Mark H. Fishbein, Elizabeth Kirwan, Saeed Mohammad, Ann Quinn, Cynthia Rigsby, Peter F. Whitington, Sarah Barlow, Jose Derdoy, Ajay Jain, Debra King, Pat Osmack, Joan Siegner, Susan Stewart, Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri, Dana Romo, Brandon Ang, Sandra Arroyo, Cynthia Behling, Archana Bhatt, Jennifer Collins, Iliana Doycheva, Janis Durelle, Tarek Hassanein, Rohit Loomba, Michael Middleton, Kimberly Newton, Phirum Nguyen, Mazen Noureddin, Melissa Paiz, Heather Patton, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Claude Sirlin, Patricia Ugalde-Nicalo, Nathan M. Bass, Danielle Brandman, Linda D. Ferrell, Shannon Fleck, Ryan Gill, Bilal Hameed, Alexander Ko, Camille Langlois, Emily Rothbaum Perito, Aliya Qayyum, Philip Rosenthal, Norah Terrault, Patrika Tsai, Pradeep Atla, Cathy Hurtado, Rebekah Garcia, Sonia Garcia, Muhammad Sheikh, Mandeep Singh, Kara Cooper, Simon Horslen, Evelyn Hsu, Karen Murray, Randolph Otto, Deana Rich, Matthew Yeh, Melissa Young, Sherry Boyett, Laura Carucci, Melissa J. Contos, Michael Fuchs, Amy Jones, Kenneth Kraft, Velimir A C Luketic, Kimberly Noble, Puneet Puri, Bimalijit Sandhu, Arun J. Sanyal, Carol Sargeant, Jolene Schlosser, Mohhamad S. Siddiqui, Ben Wolford, Melanie White, Sarah Ackermann, Shannon Cooney, David Coy, Katie Gelinas, Maximillian Lee, Tracey Pierce, Jody Mooney, Lacey Siekas, Cheryl Shaw, Chia Wang, Elizabeth M. Brunt, Kathryn Fowler, David E. Kleiner, Gilman D. Grave, Edward C. Doo, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Patricia R. Robuck, Averell Sherker, Patricia Belt, Jeanne M. Clark, Erin Corless, Michele Donithan, Milana Isaacson, Kevin P. May, Laura Miriel, Alice Sternberg, James Tonascia, ünalp-Arida Aynur ünalp-Arida, Mark Van Natta, Ivana Vaughn, Laura Wilson, Katherine Yates
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Mycophenolate sodium for subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus resistant to standard therapy
Authors: A. Kreuter, N.S. Tomi, S.M. Weiner, M. Huger, P. Altmeyer, T. Gambichler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Approximately 75-95% of patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus respond to antimalarial therapy and/or topical glucocorticosteroids. Immunosuppressive agents are usually considered a second-line approach in patients with resistant disease.This was a prospective, nonrandomized, open pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of mycophenolate sodium monotherapy in patients with recalcitrant subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE).Monotherapy with oral enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium 1440 mg daily was given for a total of 3 months. Treatment outcome was evaluated by means of a validated clinical score for cutaneous lupus erythematosus, the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI), as well as 20-MHz ultrasound measurements and colorimetry. Safety assessment included the monitoring of adverse effects and clinical laboratory parameters.Ten patients with active SCLE resistant to at least one standard therapy were included in the trial. Mycophenolate sodium led to a remarkable improvement of skin lesions, resulting in a significant decrease of the mean +/- SD CLASI from 10.8 +/- 6.0 at the beginning to 2.9 +/- 2.6 at the end of therapy. Clinical improvement was confirmed by ultrasonographic assessments and colorimetry. No serious side-effects were noted.Mycophenolate sodium is beneficial and safe in the treatment of patients with SCLE that failed standard therapy. However, these preliminary data must be confirmed by randomized controlled trials including a larger sample size.
Gastrostomy Placement and Mortality Among Hospitalized Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Mark D. Grant
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Although the use of feeding tubes among older individuals stirs considerable controversy, population-based descriptive data regarding patient outcomes are scarce.To describe hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries having gastrostomies placed and their associated mortality rates.Retrospective cohort study.Hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older discharged in 1991 following gastrostomy placement (excluding individuals in health maintenance organizations).Mortality at 30 days, 1 year, and 3 years following gastrostomy and characteristics of individuals undergoing gastrostomy placement.In 1991, claims reflecting gastrostomy insertion were submitted for 81105 older Medicare beneficiaries following hospital discharge. The in-hospital mortality rate was 15.3%. Cerebrovascular disease, neoplasms, fluid and electrolyte disorders, and aspiration pneumonia were the most common primary diagnoses. The overall mortality rate at 30 days was 23.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.65%-24.2%), reaching 63.0% (95% CI, 62.7%-63.4%) at 1 year and 81.3% (95% CI, 81.0%-81.5%) by 3 years. One in 131 white and 1 in 58 black Medicare beneficiaries aged 85 years or older was discharged alive or deceased from a hospital in 1991 following gastrostomy placement.Gastrostomies are frequently placed in older individuals and more often in blacks; mortality rates following placement are substantial.
Relation between leisure-time physical activity and blood pressure in older women.
Authors: P D Reaven, E Barrett-Connor, S Edelstein
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Although there is some evidence that physical activity may decrease blood pressure in young and middle-aged women, the physical activity-blood pressure association in older women has rarely been studied. As part of an ongoing community-based study of chronic disease, 641 Caucasian women between the ages of 50 and 89 years had blood pressure measured following the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program protocol. They also answered selected Health Interview Survey questions about their leisure-time activity and were classified into categories of light (58%), moderate (24%), heavy (6%), or no physical activity (12%) by the estimated metabolic rate required for each activity. Women who engaged in any physical activity were significantly younger and thinner than sedentary women and had lower fasting and 2-hour postchallenge insulin levels. They did not differ in alcohol consumption, cigarette use, or prevalence of coronary heart disease or diabetes. Rates of systolic and diastolic hypertension were significantly lower in women participating in light, moderate, or heavy physical activity compared with sedentary women. Blood pressure levels decreased with each increase in reported activity intensity (p less than 0.005 for trend), with systolic blood pressure approximately 20 mm Hg lower in the heaviest activity group compared with systolic blood pressure in sedentary women. Intergroup differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for age and body mass index. Although physical activity was associated with lower fasting and 2-hour postchallenge insulin levels (p less than 0.01 for trend), adjustment for insulin levels did not alter blood pressure differences among activity groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Late bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy for bile duct calculi: Authors' reply
Authors: I A Finnie, I T Gilmore
Journal: BMJ (1991)

We are grateful to Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle for their comments.It is our contention that this complication, which has been noted before,' is probably underrecognised rather than rare.We do not advocate doing therapeutic biliary endoscopy as a day case procedure, and it is certainly not our practice to do this.Other complications such as pancreatitis and septicaemia may also present after four to six hours, and our patients often come from far away as tertiary referrals.We use a similar technique to that of Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle, using an electrosurgical unit with a power output of 30 watts, although the output may have to be increased in patients with longstanding choledocholithiasis and fibrosis at the lower end of the bile duct.We prefer a plain wired sphincterotome.Interestingly, our overall rate of bleeding after sphincterotomy (3%) is virtually identical with that quoted by others,' 2 including Dr Martin and Mr Tweedle, who were among four authors who reported bleeding in six of 215 patients.'It is not apparent why this bleeding may become overt late, but the need for vigilance remains clear.
The Impaired Physician
Authors: Ralph Crawshaw
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The ancient Romans had a custom of requiring a conquering general, returning to celebrate his victories, to have a wise man ride with him in his chariot during the triumph and whisper in his ear, loud enough to be heard over the cheers of the crowd, "You are mortal. Remember, you are mortal." Stephen Scheiber and Brian Doyle have assembled a group of medical sages to whisper persuasively in the ear of the medical profession, by way of their book,<i>The Impaired Physician</i>, that we too are mortal. We cannot hear that message too often or too well. From a clear, documented statistical base and the accumulated clinical experience of actually being there, this book develops as the foremost authority, if not the bible, for the evolving field of the medical profession's interest in our occupational hazards. It is all here: alcohol and drug addiction, bad marriages, emotional disorders, and