tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-6 acts locally on the growth plate to impair bone growth
Authors: Paola Fernandez-Vojvodich, Farasat Zaman, Lars Sävendahl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

A recent clinical study in mothers with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) published in this journal reported that high maternal serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with low birthweight deliveries.1 Low birth weight in turn is associated with impaired growth during childhood.2 Interestingly, overexpression of IL-6 leads to reduced bone growth in mice.3 Although the systemic effects of IL-6 are well understood, any local effects on the growth plate have not yet been clarified. Aiming to study the local actions of IL-6, we isolated fetal rat metatarsal bones and cultured them ex vivo for 12 days while monitoring bone growth. When exposed to IL-6 and its soluble receptor IL-6Rα (10+100 ng/mL), growth was decreased by 21.1% compared with control (p<0.001) (figure 1A). IL-6 mainly targeted the hypertrophic growth plate zone, reducing its height by 53.7% and area by 72.6% (p<0.05 vs control; figure 1B). These data further …
Impaired carbohydrate metabolism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in glycogen storage disease Ib.
Authors: N Bashan, Y Hagai, R Potashnik, S W Moses
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

This study measures hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activity, glycolytic rate, and glucose transport in PMN and lymphocytes of patients with glycogen storage disease (GSD) type Ib as compared with controls and with GSD Ia patients. HMP shunt activity and glycolysis were significantly lower in intact PMN cells of GSD Ib patients as compared with GSD Ia patients and with controls. These activities were above normal levels in disrupted GSD Ib PMN. HMP shunt activity and glycolytic rates in lymphocytes were similar in all three groups studied. The rate of 2-deoxyglucose transport into GSD Ib PMN was 30% of that into cells of normal controls. In GSD Ib lymphocytes or in GSD Ia PMN and lymphocytes transport was normal. The striking limitation of glucose transport across the cell membrane of the PMN of GSD Ib patients may account for the impairment of leukocyte function that is characteristic of GSD Ib, but not found in GSD Ia patients.
Cyclin D1 Expression in the Field of Exposure: Another Piece in the Molecular Auerbach Puzzle
Authors: Jonathan M. Kurie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.02.040 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12775729 Cyclin D1 Expression in the Field of Exposure: Another Piece in the Molecular Auerbach Puzzle Jonathan M. KuriexJonathan M. KurieSearch for articles by this author Show More The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.02.040 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors in the Failing Human Heart
Authors: Guillermo Torre-Amione, Samir Kapadia, Joseph Lee, Jean-Bernard Durand, Roger D. Bies, James B. Young, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that produces negative inotropic effects in the heart. Recently, elevated levels of TNF-alpha have been reported in patients with advanced congestive heart failure. Although TNF-alpha is thought to exert its deleterious effects by binding to two cell surface receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, the level of expression and regulation of TNF receptors in the heart in cardiac disease states is not known.We examined mRNA and protein levels for TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNF-alpha in explanted hearts from organ donors as well as in patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Northern blot analysis revealed that mRNA for TNFR1 and TNFR2 was present in nonfailing, DCM, and IHD hearts. TNFR1 and TNFR2 receptor protein levels, as measured by ELISA, were decreased 60% in DCM and IHD patients compared with nonfailing hearts (P < .005). To determine a potential mechanism for the decrease in TNF receptor expression, we measured levels of circulating soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) in DCM and IHD patients. This analysis showed that there was a significant one-and-a-half to threefold increase in sTNFRs in DCM (P < .03) and IHD patients (P < .001). Another important finding was that TNF-alpha mRNA and TNF-alpha protein were present in the explanted hearts from DCM and IHD patients but not in nonfailing hearts.In summary, the results of this study constitute the initial demonstration that TNF receptor proteins are dynamically regulated in patients with advanced congestive heart failure. Moreover, the observation that failing hearts express elevated levels of TNF-alpha suggests that overexpression of this cytokine may be one of several different maladaptive mechanisms responsible for the progressive cardiac decompensation that occurs in advanced heart failure.
Thallium-201 and I-123 Beta-Methyl Iodophenyl-Pentadecanoic Acid Dual Isotope Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography for Evaluating Reperfusion Injury After Successful Reperfusion Therapy
Authors: Yasushi Akutsu, Hideyuki Yamanaka, Hideki Nishimura, Yuji Hamazaki, Kyouichi Kaneko, Yusuke Kodama, Hui-Ling Li, Jumpei Suyama, Akira Shinozuka, Takehiko Gokan, Youichi Kobayashi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We report a reperfusion injury after rotational coronary atherectomy (RA) in a 66-year-old man with coronary artery disease. Submaximal exercise with thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging before reperfusion showed partially reversible perfusion defects in the apex and reversible perfusion defects in the anteroseptal area. Thallium-201 and I-123 beta-methyl iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) dual isotope SPECT was performed 5 days before and 1 hour after RA, and 1 month after RA. SPECT images at 1 hour after recovery of no reflow phenomenon after RA revealed enlargement of the defect sizes on thallium-201 and BMIPP uptakes in the anteroseptal area including the apex compared with those before RA. The defect size of thallium-201 uptake was progressively improved on 5 hour delayed redistribution imaging and 1 month after reperfusion compared with that of BMIPP uptake. In conclusion, the changes for the worse of thallium-201 uptake and fatty acid metabolism immediately after the no reflow phenomenon may indicate an injured membrane integrity with altered myocardial metabolism rather than myocardial ischemia. Thallium-201 and I-123 BMIPP dual isotope SPECT is useful for evaluating reperfusion injury after successful reperfusion therapy in a patient with acute coronary syndrome.
The Spine: A Radiological Text and Atlas
Authors: Howard L. Steinbach
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This is the fourth edition of a classic textbook on radiology of the spine, first published in 1955. New editions have appeared at seven-year intervals, with increases in size and scope of the discussions and illustrations. The original 482 illustrations have been increased to 541, of which 289 are new. The author adheres to the original goal of presenting a clinical approach to radiologic manifestations of disease, correlated with function, relation to embryologic aberrations, and differential diagnosis. The extensive experience of the author is evident when he discusses the value of newer techniques of examinations, the proper emphasis on the most important roentgenographic signs, and the means of demonstrating them in the diagnosis of pathologic conditions. The book is divided into ten sections devoted to the normal vertebral column; malformations of the spine; diseases of congenital, endocrine, or metabolic origin; inflammatory, degenerative, and noxious diseases of the spine; tumors and
Diagnosis and Treatment of Biliary Obstruction Caused by Portal Cavernoma
Authors: J. Dumortier, E. Vaillant, O. Boillot, G. Poncet, L. Henry, J.-Y. Scoazec, C. Partensky, P.-J. Valette, P. Paliard, T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

While hemorrhagic complications of portal cavernoma are frequent, compression of the bile ducts by portal cavernoma is uncommon and treatment is still a matter for debate. We report here six new cases in order to describe: (a) the clinical, biological, and morphological features of this condition, and (b) the long-term results of a combined endoscopic and surgical treatment. The median age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 36.5 years. The circumstances of diagnosis were acute cholangitis (n=3), asymptomatic biological cholestasis (n=1), pruritus, jaundice and asthenia (n=1) and jaundice alone (n=1). Portal cavernoma and bile duct dilatation were confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography with pulsed color doppler and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC). Gallstones were found in four patients. Following stenting of the bile duct, there was a good outcome in two patients. In four patients, after failure of prolonged endoscopic treatment, second-line surgical portal-systemic shunting allowed removal of the biliary stent, and no recurrence of disease. In conclusion, biliary involvement in portal cavernoma is now a well-recognized entity, and our results suggest that combined endoscopic and surgical treatment could be required.
A Comparison of Care Given by Family Practitioners and Psychiatrists in a Teaching Hospital Psychiatric Unit
Authors: K. I. PEARCE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The author compared a group of psychiatric inpatients treated by general practitioners with a group treated by psychiatrists in a general hospital. The groups differed little except that the one treated by psychiatrists was sicker, more chronic, and had a longer inpatient stay during follow-up. He concludes that in a general hospital where psychiatric consultation is available general practitioners can treat psychiatric patients as successfully as psychiatrists.
Comparison of Four Orthogonal Systems of Vectorcardiography
Authors: PAUL H. LANGNER, ROBERT H. OKADA, SAMUEL R. MOORE, HARRY L. FIES
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Four orthogonal systems of vectorcardiography that are considered to be more accurate than the tetrahedron and cube systems were compared. In a large majority of subjects the records made with each of the 4 systems were similar. However, in 5 of 60 subjects in whom the Z lead was studied, dissimilarities were found that were considered to be significant. The possible reasons for these dissimilarities are discussed. Comparative normalization data for the systems were obtained in the living human subject, based upon comparison of wave forms.
Lung Aspiration in Pneumonia
Authors: Donald R. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As an alumnus of the University of New Mexico School of Medicine and as one who has had frequent contact with the Navajo Indian, I read with particular interest the article by Davidson et al (235:158, 1976). Although this study may have comtributed valuable data to the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, I take issue with the fact that 25 Navajo Indians were subjected to a procedure, ie, lung aspiration, that is not routinely done on pneumonia pa tients. Even the authors agree in their last sentence: "However, neither procedure [transtracheal or lung aspiration] is necessary for the appropriate management of most cases of community-acquired pneumonia." Their article further disclosed that three of the 25 Navajo patients (19 to 56 years of age) died after the investtigative procedures were done. The authors believed that the deaths were probably not related to the lung aspiration. They based this
TRAUMATIC PERFORATION OF THE SIGMOID COLON
Authors: Moses Behrend
Journal: JAMA (1933)

All textbooks dealing with the large bowel make mention of the possibility and cite reports of injury by instruments, bougies and other foreign bodies. However, excepting injury by compressed air, the current literature is singularly lacking in such reports. A hasty perusal of the literature for the past ten years failed to present a case similar to ours, which we feel warrants the following presentation:  S. W., a white man, aged 45, admitted to Mount Sinai Hospital, April 26, 1933, at 1: 30 a. m., had been receiving treatment from a naturopath during the past seven or eight weeks for a nasal condition. This treatment consisted of an enema or colonic irrigation. At 8 p. m. of the preceding day (five and one-half hours before admission) while receiving such a treatment he suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and exhibited the syndrome called shock. The naturopath took him to a physician,
Priorities in Breast-Cancer Detection
Authors: J. Gershon-Cohen, M. B. Hermel, M. G. Murdock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

EVERY physician deplores the fact that the survival statistics for breast cancer continue to be stalemated while those for cancer at other sites improve. Yet the sobering reality is that the medical profession itself is not doing its utmost to improve matters.For example, we urge women to examine their own breasts and report at once if they find anything unusual. Self-examination is not to be decried, but in advocating this approach, we are, in effect, making the woman responsible for discovering her own cancer — which she does in about 95 per cent of cases. Too often, however, a . . .
Simultaneous PET-MRI reveals brain function in activated and resting state on metabolic, hemodynamic and multiple temporal scales
Authors: Hans F Wehrl, Mosaddek Hossain, Konrad Lankes, Chih-Chieh Liu, Ilja Bezrukov, Petros Martirosian, Fritz Schick, Gerald Reischl, Bernd J Pichler
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
The Comparative Anatomy and Histology of the Cerebellum From Myxinoids Through Birds
Authors: Wendell J. S. Krieg
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Of all the main areas of comparative neurology the study of the evolution of cerebellum is the most satisfying. The spinal and cranial nerves and nuclei are established early and remain almost monotonously unchanged, while the forebrain, after assuming protean forms in submammals, rockets to great complexity early in mammalian evolution. However, the neural pattern of the cerebellar cortex is virtually identical in all its parts in all vertebrates. Its connections are quite conservative, but its size and configuration are closely correlated with the motor organization and degree of activity of its bearer. This book, as its title indicates, is the first part of the comparative anatomical story, the cerebella of mammals being reserved for a later volume. Olof Larsell was a professor of anatomy at the University of Oregon for 31 years. From 1918 to 1964, when death overtook him, his research interests were devoted, with complete singlemindedness, to
Histological Changes of the Esophageal Mucosa in Bleeding versus Non-bleeding Varices
Authors: A. El-Zayadi, M. F. Montasser, F. Girgis, S. El-Okby, B. Botros, Z. Mohran
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

There is considerable controversy as regards the exact cause of bleeding from esophageal varices. This study examined changes in the mucosa of such patients in an effort to understand the underlying mechanisms.
BAALC expression: a suitable marker for prognostic risk stratification and detection of residual disease in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: S Weber, T Alpermann, F Dicker, S Jeromin, N Nadarajah, C Eder, A Fasan, A Kohlmann, M Meggendorfer, C Haferlach, W Kern, T Haferlach, S Schnittger
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

High brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) expression defines an important risk factor in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). The prognostic value of BAALC expression in relation to other molecular prognosticators was analyzed in 326 CN-AML patients (<65 years). At diagnosis, high BAALC expression was associated with prognostically adverse mutations: FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) with an FLT3-ITD/FLT3 wild-type (wt) ratio of 0.5 (P=0.001), partial tandem duplications within the MLL gene (MLL-PTD) (P=0.002), RUNX1 mutations (mut) (P<0.001) and WT1mut (P=0.001), while it was negatively associated with NPM1mut (P<0.001). However, high BAALC expression was also associated with prognostically favorable biallelic CEBPA (P=0.001). Survival analysis revealed an independent adverse prognostic impact of high BAALC expression on overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS), and also on OS when eliminating the effect of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) (OS(TXcens)). Furthermore, we analyzed BAALC expression in 416 diagnostic and follow-up samples of 66 patients. During follow-up, BAALC expression correlated with mutational load or expression levels, respectively, of other minimal residual disease markers: FLT3-ITD (r=0.650, P<0.001), MLL-PTD (r=0.728, P<0.001), NPM1mut (r=0.599, P<0.001) and RUNX1mut (r=0.889, P<0.001). Moreover, a reduction in BAALC expression after the second cycle of induction chemotherapy was associated with improved EFS. Thus, our data underline the utility of BAALC expression as a marker for prognostic risk stratification and detection of residual disease in CN-AML.
Acknowledgments in Cimetidine Report
Authors: BERTRAND M. BELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1982Acknowledgments in Cimetidine ReportBERTRAND M. BELL, M.D.BERTRAND M. BELL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-5-790_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the acknowledgments to a brief report by Knapp and associates (1) I am listed among others and thanked for "many thoughtful suggestions." I would like it known that "thoughtful suggestions" were that it was both medically and morally wrong to rechallenge this patient who had had a severe attack of acute bronchospasm when he was initially treated and, for a variety of reasons, it would be impossible to obtain informed consent from this patient....Reference1. KNAPPGRIMSHAWGOLDFARBFARKASRUBINROSENSTREICH ARJPMD. Cimetidine-induced anaphylaxis. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:374-5. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bronx Municipal Hospital Center Bronx, NY 10461 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1982Volume 97, Issue 5Page: 790-790 Issue Published: 1 November 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The effects of shortening on myoplasmic calcium concentration and on the action potential in mammalian ventricular muscle.
Authors: M J Lab, D G Allen, C H Orchard
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

When cardiac muscle shortens during a contraction, the duration of mechanical activity is abbreviated (shortening deactivation), but the duration of the action potential is prolonged. Neither of these phenomena is fully understood, but both may be related to changes in the myoplasmic free calcium concentration. In these experiments, isolated papillary muscles from cats and ferrets were allowed to contract under various mechanical conditions while myoplasmic calcium was monitored with aequorin, or in parallel experiments the membrane potential was recorded with microelectrodes or a sucrose gap. When shortening occurred, myoplasmic calcium was increased and the membrane potential was more positive than in isometric contractions. The changes in calcium apparently precede the depolarization. We propose that muscle shortening reduces calcium binding to the contractile proteins and leads to a rise in myoplasmic calcium, and that this rise in myoplasmic calcium activates an inward current leading to the observed changes in the action potential. These processes may be important contributory factors in some arrhythmias.
Accurate quantitation of right ventricular size and function by voxel-based 3-dimensional echocardiography in patients with normal and abnormal ventricles (3DE): Comparison with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: H.J. Nesser, W. Tkalec, J. Niel, Navroz Masani, Natesa Pandian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Antenatal and postnatal mental health: summary of updated NICE guidance
Authors: L. M. Howard, O. Megnin-Viggars, I. Symington, S. Pilling
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The bottom line

This guideline is an update of the 2007 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline on antenatal and postnatal mental health.1 It covers a broad range of mental disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, drug and alcohol use disorders, and severe mental illness (such as psychosis, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and severe depression), which can all occur in the antenatal and postnatal periods. The guidance focuses on aspects of the identification and management of these disorders that are specific to this context. For example, women with bipolar disorder are at increased risk of a relapse in the early postpartum period, and postpartum psychoses (whether in women with bipolar disorder or not) are particularly rapid in onset and severe.2 These problems are managed differently during the antenatal and postnatal periods than at other times because of the impact that the mental disorder and its treatment (for example, the use of psychotropic drugs) can have on the fetus or baby.3 4

This article summarises the most recent recommendations from NICE on the clinical management …