tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cell‐mediated suppression of human hematopoiesis: Evaluation by limiting‐dilution analysis of hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Yoichi Takaue, Christopher L. Reading, Tsutomu Watanabe, Yoshifumi Kawano, Tsuneo Ninomiya, Yashuhiko Iishi, Masaaki Kosaka, Eiji Shimizu, Takao Ichioka, Teizoh Hosoda, Takeshi Suzue, Takanori Abe, Tetsuya Koyama, Yashuhiro Kuroda, Karel A. Dicke
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract We have used limiting‐dilution clonal analysis (LDA) in microwells to study the inhibitory effects of T lymphocytes (T‐cells) or natural killer (NK) cells on human marrow progenitor cell growth. In four subjects with normal hematopoiesis, the growth of progenitors showed single‐hit kinetics both before and after T‐cell removal, indicating that, in the presence of colony‐stimulating activity, T‐cells have no effect on progenitor growth. In a patient with marrow hypoplasia associated with thymoma, hypogammaglobulinemia, and an increased number of suppressor T‐cells (Good's syndrome), the progenitor growth deviated from linearity, demonstrating the presence of cells with suppressor activity. After T‐cells were removed from this sample, the progenitor growth showed single‐hit kinetics. The suppressive action of E‐rosette‐positive cells with NK or cytotoxic activities was also suggested in a patient with severe combined immune deficiency and in a patient with T ± lymphocytosis. Poor progenitor‐cell growth in three other patients with aplastic anemia was not significantly altered by T‐cell removal. Thus, LDA of human hematopoietic progenitors is useful for evaluating cell‐mediated interactions affecting hematopoiesis. This method may facilitate elucidation of mechanisms of myelosuppression in clinical settings.
Clinical outcomes and factors predicting development of venous thromboembolic complications in patients with advanced refractory cancer in a Phase I Clinic: The M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience
Authors: Sushma Vemulapalli, Lakshmi Chintala, Apostolia‐Maria Tsimberidou, Navjot Dhillon, Xiudong Lei, David Hong, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in patients with advanced cancer and may influence patient eligibility for clinical studies, quality of life, and survival. We reviewed the medical records of 220 consecutive patients seen in the Phase I Clinical Trials Program at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center to determine the frequency of VTE, associated characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Twenty-three (10.5%) patients presenting to the Phase I Clinic had a history of VTE; 26 (11.8%) patients subsequently developed VTE, with a median follow-up of 8.4 months. These included nine (39%) patients with and 17 (8.6%) without a history of VTE (P < 0.0001). The most common events were deep venous thromboses of the extremities and pulmonary emboli. The median survival of patients with and without a history of VTE was 4.7 and 10.9 months, respectively (P = 0.0002). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a history of VTE (P < 0.0001), pancreatic cancer (P = 0.007), and platelet count >440 x 10(9)/L (P = 0.026) predicted new VTE episodes. In conclusion, this retrospective analysis demonstrated that a history or new development of VTE was noted in 40 (18%) of 220 patients seen in our Phase I Clinic. A prognostic score that can be used to predict time to development of and frequency of VTE is proposed. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effects of periodate and chondroitin 4-sulfate on proteoglycan stabilization of ostrich pericardium. Inhibition of calcification in subcutaneous implants in rats
Authors: Beatriz Arenaz, Marian Martı́n Maestro, Pilar Fernández, Javier Turnay, Nieves Olmo, Jesús Senén, Javier Gil Mur, Marı́a Antonia Lizarbe, Eduardo Jorge-Herrero
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Antenatal diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta: A multicenter experience
Authors: Lisa K. Hornberger, David J. Sahn, Charles S. Kleinman, Joshua Copel, Norman H. Silverman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to test observations that might aid prenatal prediction of the presence of coarctation of the aorta in newborn infants with and without other forms of heart disease. Background. Previous reports have suggested that abnormal growth of the aortic arch in utero may be identifiable as a marker for the diagnosis of coarctation. Methods. We reviewed the prenatal echocardiograms and postnatal outcome of 20 infants (gestational age at initial study 18 to 36 weeks) with coarctation of the aorta established postnatally, to identify echocardiographic findings that would most facilitate the prenatal diagnosis of coarctation. Associated cardiac lesions included double-inlet left ventricle anatomy (n = 5), double-outlet right ventricle (n = 4), abnormal aortic valve (n = 5), unbalanced atrioventricular canal (n = 3), and membranous ventricular septal defect (n = 1). Chromosomal abnormalities included XO karyotype (n = 1), trisomy 18 (n = 1), and trisomy 21 (n = 1). Results. Hypoplasia determined by measurement of the distal aortic arch was the most frequently observed finding among the fetuses with coarctation. In 12 of 15 fetuses with a well visualized transverse arch at initial prenatal study, the diameter of the transverse arch was ≤3rd percentile for gestational age as compared with that in a normal group of fetuses. Ten of 10 fetuses with adequate images of the isthmus had isthmus hypoplasia at prenatal study with a diameter ≤3rd percentile for gestational age. On serial study in six of seven, including three fetuses with normal distal arch measurements at initial study, the distal arch became progressively more hypoplastic for gestational age. In three there was no growth of the transverse arch or isthmus on serial study, and in three there was reversal of flow from antegrade to retrograde through the distal arch. Conclusions. In our study, quantitative hypoplasia of the isthmus and transverse arch was the most consistent observation and therefore the most definitive antenatal sign of postnatal coarctation. The potential for progression of distal arch hypoplasia necessitates serial study in fetuses with associated cardiac and noncardiac lesions.
Healthier eating will help combat heart disease
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (1997)

National strategies to encourage people to eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day are needed to help reduce deaths from coronary heart disease in Britain, according to the National Heart Forum.

In its report, At Least Five a Day: Strategies to Increase Vegetable and Fruit Consumption , the forum, an alliance of organisations concerned with preventing coronary heart disease, says that the average person …
Analysis of activation-recovery intervals from body surface maps after radiofrequency cathether ablation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Authors: M. Akahoshi, T. Yanagawa, M. Hirai, H. Sano, Y. Tomita, Y. Inden, N. Tsuboi, H. Hirayama, T. Ito, H. Hayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Neuromedin U: a Myb-regulated autocrine growth factor for human myeloid leukemias
Authors: Susan E. Shetzline, Ravikumar Rallapalli, Kelley J. Dowd, Shaomin Zou, Yuji Nakata, Cezary R. Swider, Anna Kalota, John K. Choi, Alan M. Gewirtz
Journal: Blood (2004)
Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in neurofibromatosis type 1–related tumors and NF1 animal models
Authors: Jeffrey E. DeClue, Sue Heffelfinger, Giovanna Benvenuto, Bo Ling, Shaowei Li, Wen Rui, William C. Vass, David Viskochil, Nancy Ratner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

We have found that EGF-R expression is associated with the development of the Schwann cell-derived tumors characteristic of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and in animal models of this disease. This is surprising, because Schwann cells normally lack EGF-R and respond to ligands other than EGF. Nevertheless, immunoblotting, Northern analysis, and immunohistochemistry revealed that each of 3 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cell lines from NF1 patients expressed the EGF-R, as did 7 of 7 other primary MPNSTs, a non-NF1 MPNST cell line, and the S100(+) cells from each of 9 benign neurofibromas. Furthermore, transformed derivatives of Schwann cells from NF1(-/-) mouse embryos also expressed the EGF-R. All of the cells or cell lines expressing EGF-R responded to EGF by activation of downstream signaling pathways. Thus, EGF-R expression may play an important role in NF1 tumorigenesis and Schwann cell transformation. Consistent with this hypothesis, growth of NF1 MPNST lines and the transformed NF1(-/-) mouse embryo Schwann cells was greatly stimulated by EGF in vitro and could be blocked by agents that antagonize EGF-R function.
Multiple viral infection as the most common cause of fulminant and subfulminant viral hepatitis in an area endemic for hepatitis B: Application and limitations of the polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Jaw-Ching Wu, Chih-Li Chen, Ming-Chih Hou, Trong-Zong Chen, Shou-Dong Lee, Kwang-Juei Lo
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We tested serum samples from 25 fulminant hepatitis and 7 subfulminant hepatitis patients for hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viral markers and nucleic acids by means of polymerase chain reaction to determine the role of each virus on such catastrophic events in an area endemic for hepatitis B. Of these 32 patients, 14 (44%) were hepatitis B virus carriers with hepatitis D virus superinfection (1 with hepatitis C virus infection), 3 others had coexisting hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, 6 had reactivation of underlying chronic hepatitis B, 4 had acute hepatitis B, 2 had acute hepatitis C and 1 had acute hepatitis E. Pathogenesis in the remaining two cases was unclear. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA was detectable in most carriers without superinfection and in one third of those with superinfection detected on polymerase chain reaction (6 of 7 vs. 6 of 16, p < 0.05). Of the polymerase chain reaction-positive samples, only 17% yielded positive results on spot hybridization. Hepatitis B virus DNA was the only marker to indicate coexisting hepatitis B virus infection in one patient positive for hepatitis C virus antibody. Only three of the six hepatitis C virus-infected cases were positive for hepatitis C virus antibody; diagnoses in the remaining three were established by means of detection of hepatitis C virus RNA. Of the hepatitis D virus-infected patients, infection in only half was diagnosed by means of total hepatitis D virus antibody assay. Twelve (86%) were positive for anti-hepatitis D virus IgM and nine (64%) had detectable hepatitis D virus RNA on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kenneth M. Kessler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters18 December 2001Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular DiseaseKenneth M. Kessler, MDKenneth M. Kessler, MDUniversity of Miami School of Medicine; Miami, FL 33101Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The concept of net treatment benefit (1) may add to the conclusions reached by Grodstein and colleagues regarding the effects of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular and stroke risk (2). Net treatment benefit is defined as the absolute risk reduction, which is the relative risk reduction multiplied by the outcome prevalence, minus treatment harm. The annual outcome prevalences for “major coronary heart disease” and “stroke” in the reference group are 0.194% and 0.093%, respectively. Since stroke and cardiac events have similar mortality rates in this cohort and both are known to have a similar range of disabilities, ...References1. Kessler KM, Kessler DK. Definition and axioms of net treatment benefit. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001;69:1-6. [PMID: 11180032] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Grodstein F, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Stampfer MJ. A prospective, observational study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:933-41. [PMID: 11119394] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Miami School of Medicine; Miami, FL 33101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA Prospective, Observational Study of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Francine Grodstein , JoAnn E. Manson , Graham A. Colditz , Walter C. Willett , Frank E. Speizer , and Meir J. Stampfer Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease Carsten Otto and Klaus Parhofer Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease Francine Grodstein , JoAnn E. Manson , and Meir J. Stampfer Metrics Cited bySoy isoflavones prevent ovariectomy-induced atherosclerotic lesions in Golden Syrian hamster model of postmenopausal hyperlipidemiaWomen's Health LiteratureWatch 18 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 12Page: 1092-1093KeywordsCardiovascular therapyCoronary heart diseaseDeath ratesDisabilitiesEstrogen replacement therapyHormone replacement therapyHormonesMyocardial infarctionRelative riskStroke ePublished: 18 December 2001 Issue Published: 18 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Doctors: The Biography of Medicine
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The unsophisticated reader who wants a nodding acquaintance with some of the important figures in medical history will, in this book, undoubtedly find what he seeks. The author, trying to cover medical history in a biographical format, has given us 17 chapters of uneven quality. The book begins with long chapters on Hippocrates and Galen, which offer little more than a dutiful obeisance, although extremely long-winded. As a surgeon Nuland has weighted his further presentations heavily toward surgery and associated disciplines, such as anatomy, pathology, anesthesia, and various aspects of infection and germ theory. Chapters on Harvey and on Laennec cover certain aspects of basic physiology and clinical progress. This material has been extensively covered by well-known historians, the secondary source material is vast, and Nuland does not offer any new insights. Much better is his coverage of more recent events and figures that have not received as much attention.
Effect of Testosterone on Plaque Development and Androgen Receptor Expression in the Arterial Vessel Wall
Authors: Hartmut Hanke, Christina Lenz, Beate Hess, Klaus-Dieter Spindler, Wolfgang Weidemann
Journal: Circulation (2001)

-Recent studies have suggested that testosterone has a protective effect in the arterial vascular system. However, little is known about the molecular aspects of the mechanism(s) involved in these processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of testosterone on neointimal plaque development and on the expression of the vascular androgen receptor. Methods and Results-Neointimal plaque formation was induced by endothelial denudation in the aortas of male New Zealand White rabbits. Aortic ring segments were cultured for 21 days after endothelial denudation. Testosterone was applied to the culture medium in different doses. Compared with the non-hormone-treated control group, a significant inhibition of neointimal plaque development (expressed as the intima/media ratio) was found at testosterone concentrations of 10 ng/mL (P:=0.037) and 100 ng/mL (P:=0.012; intima/media ratios: median of controls, 0.25; median of 10 ng/mL testosterone group, 0.15; median of 100 ng/mL testosterone group, 0.16). Associated with this inhibitory effect on plaque size was a 50% increase of the amount of androgen receptor mRNA in the arterial segments treated with testosterone.-The beneficial effects of testosterone on postinjury plaque development underlines, at least in males, the important role of androgens in the vascular system. As our data suggest, the vascular androgen receptor is probably involved in these processes. Further studies are required to characterize the androgen receptor-dependent pathways in the vascular system.
Milk Consumption During Teenage Years and Risk of Hip Fractures in Older Adults
Authors: Diane Feskanich, Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari, A. Lindsay Frazier, Walter C. Willett
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Milk consumption during adolescence is recommended to promote peak bone mass and thereby reduce fracture risk in later life. However, its role in hip fracture prevention is not established and high consumption may adversely influence risk by increasing height. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether milk consumption during teenage years influences risk of hip fracture in older adults and to investigate the role of attained height in this association. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Prospective cohort study over 22 years of follow-up in more than 96 000 white postmenopausal women from the Nurses’ Health Study and men aged 50 years and older from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study in the United States. <h3>Exposures</h3> Frequency of consumption of milk and other foods during ages 13 to 18 years and attained height were reported at baseline. Current diet, weight, smoking, physical activity, medication use, and other risk factors for hip fractures were reported on biennial questionnaires. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate relative risks (RRs) of first incidence of hip fracture from low-trauma events per glass (8 fl oz or 240 mL) of milk consumed per day during teenage years. <h3>Results</h3> During follow-up, 1226 hip fractures were identified in women and 490 in men. After controlling for known risk factors and current milk consumption, each additional glass of milk per day during teenage years was associated with a significant 9% higher risk of hip fracture in men (RR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17). The association was attenuated when height was added to the model (RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.98-1.14). Teenage milk consumption was not associated with hip fractures in women (RR = 1.00 per glass per day; 95% CI, 0.95-1.05). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Greater milk consumption during teenage years was not associated with a lower risk of hip fracture in older adults. The positive association observed in men was partially mediated through attained height.
Delta1-Notch3 Interactions Bias the Functional Differentiation of Activated CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Yoichi Maekawa, Shin-ichi Tsukumo, Shigeru Chiba, Hisamaru Hirai, Yuki Hayashi, Hiroko Okada, Kenji Kishihara, Koji Yasutomo
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Repairing the brain: Trophic factor or transplant?
Authors: Nigel W. Bond
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Three experiments on neural grafting with adult rat hosts are described. Working memory impairments were produced by lesioning the hippocampus or severing its connections with the septum by ablating the fimbria-fornix. The results suggest that the survival and growth of a neural graft, whether an autograft or a xenograft, is not a necessary condition for functional recovery on a task tapping working memory.
Forgotten People, Forgotten Diseases: The Neglected Tropical Diseases and Their Impact on Global Health and Development
Authors: Peter A. Leggat
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISTURBANCES OF THE EXTREMITIES
Authors: GEORGE E. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

There are two main types of vascular disturbances affecting the extremities, which are classifiable on the basis of their functional or organic origin (table 1). The functional or vasomotor disturbances fall in two clinical groups, as the vasomotor mechanism is capable of only two responses, vasoconstriction and vasodilatation. When the vasomotor balance is so adjusted as to fulfil just the local circulatory requirements, the function of the mechanism is normal. When the vasomotor balance of the limb is preponderantly toward the vasoconstrictor side and the blood flow is diminished, the surface temperature is reduced and the limb is frequently pale or cyanotic. The degree of coldness and of pallor or cyanosis of the extremity depends on the amount or degree of vasoconstriction. When vasoconstriction occurs in attacks in the hands or feet with well defined local color changes, subjective symptoms and, frequently, trophic disturbances, the condition is recognized as Raynaud's
Canada decides to lead the way in exempting AIDS drugs from patent laws
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Canada's industry minister says his government will try by Christmas to exempt generic forms of drugs to treat AIDS and other drugs destined for poor countries from patent laws.

His announcement was followed by a statement from the organisation representing Canada's manufacturers of brand name drugs, saying it would help Canada “to show international leadership” in implementing last August's World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement to give poor countries access to cheap generic medicines to treat life threatening diseases such as HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria (6 September,517).

The minister, Allan Rock, warned that reaching this …