tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Signaling by the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
Authors: Ingrid Fleming
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

Inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) protects against the progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Because of its dual role in regulating angiotensin II and bradykinin levels, the positive clinical effects of ACE inhibitors were thought to be the consequence of concomitant reductions in the production of angiotensin II and the degradation of bradykinin. Recent evidence suggests that some of the beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors on cardiovascular function and homeostasis can be attributed to novel mechanisms. These include the accumulation of the ACE substrate N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline, which blocks collagen deposition in the injured heart, as well as the activation of an ACE signaling cascade that involves the activation of the kinase CK2 and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase in endothelial cells and leads to changes in gene expression. Moreover, at least one other ACE homologue (ACE2) is proposed to counteract the detrimental effects associated with the activation of the classical renin-angiotensin system. These data reveal hitherto unexpected levels of internal regulation of the renin-angiotensin system.
Pathology of the Pulmonary Vascular Tree
Authors: W. HAROLD CIVIN, JESSE E. EDWARDS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The case to be reported is characterized by stenosis of the ostium infundibuli of the right ventricle and biventricular origin of the aorta. Certain of the anatomic features of the heart in this case are similar to those of the Eisenmenger complex. One difference between the two conditions is that in the case herewith reported subpulmonary (infundibular) stenosis existed, while in the Eisenmenger complex there is no anatomic barrier to pulmonary blood flow, either in the heart or great vessels. On these gross anatomic differences seem to depend the differences in structure of the intrapulmonary arteries in the two conditions.
Radiology of Renal Failure
Authors: John L. McClenahan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This book is handsome, well written, skillfully illustrated and properly priced. Dr Griffiths and his collaborators, drawing on their experience with 1,500 patients undergoing dialysis and 500 observed after renal transplantation, have prepared, in substance, an atlas of morbid anatomy and physiology. Their interests range from normal findings, elicited with the simplest radiological techniques, to more intricate and discouraging states of decay, documented by sophisticated instruments. With commendable clarity they relate the methods of peritoneal and hemodialysis, and they set down the risks and tantalizing complications of organ transplantation. They examine in detail changes that renal failure brings about in other organs, both as specific lesions and as considerations in a differential diagnosis. Dr Griffiths permits us just enough information about the phenomena of transplant rejection, about immune mechanisms, and tumor genesis after kidney replacement. In simple language, he discusses such special procedures as arteriography and ultrasound and isotope scanning.
Opt-out from biobanks better respects patients' autonomy
Authors: L. Johnsson, M. G Hansson, S. Eriksson, G. Helgesson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We found that dissent to storage and use of samples by Swedish healthcare biobanks is rare and does not pose a threat to research, concluding that the results give prima facie reason to consider a move to an opt-out system.1

Laurie presented two controversies as evidence that …
INFLUENCE OF DIET, IN A CASE OF DIABETES MELLITUS, UPON THE ABNORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE AND UPON THE GENERAL CONDITION OF THE PATIENT.
Authors: EDWARD L. MUNSON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

<h3>Clinical History.</h3> —The patient was a married man, 33 years of age, and of excellent previous health. There was no history of any neurosis, but he stated that his mother had been a great sufferer with neuralgia and had periods of great mental depression. His life had chiefly been spent in open-air work, and on the first of March he had obtained a position as policeman, his weight at that time being 148 pounds. At about that time he first noticed a polyuria and white spots, which evaporating drops of urine left on his shoes. The diagnosis of his condition was not made, however, until the following August, when loss of weight and increasing weakness compelled him to resign his position. He came, on the last day of September, under the care of the writer. At that time his weight was 132 pounds, the general condition was fair, except for
Cerebral metabolic abnormalities in congestive heart failure detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Cheol Whan Lee, Jung-Hee Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Myeong-Ki Hong, Sang-Tae Kim, Tae-Hwan Lim, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Fibrinogen uptake scanning for diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis: a plea for standardization.
Authors: V C Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1975)

From an examination of the factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of the 125I-fibrinogen test for detecting deep vein thrombosis it is concluded that there is a greater possibility of error if postoperative counts are referred to the preoperative baseline rather than counts made immediately after operation. A method is proposed for reducing other errors caused by instrument mishandling.
Multiple Hypernephromas of the Kidney in Association with Lindau's Disease
Authors: Laurence F. Greene, Macey H. Rosenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN 1911, von Hippel1 described the condition of angiomatosis of the retina. After making a study of cerebellar cysts, Lindau2 subsequently pointed out that 20 per cent of patients with angiomatosis of the retina have intracranial complications consisting of cerebellar cysts or angioblastic tumors in the cerebellum and medulla oblongata. In addition to these intracranial complications, Lindau described the not infrequent occurrence of cysts of the pancreas and cysts or hypernephroma of the kidney. He pointed out that although the intracranial lesion may be angiomatous the abdominal lesions are not vascular; he considered the tumors of the kidney to be . . .
Microbiology of Human Skin
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1975)

No one goes through life alone. At least 10<sup>20</sup>individual microorganisms of some 20 different kinds swarm over the normal skin of even properly bathed persons. Dirty people, hospital workers, and those with skin diseases may live with a vastly greater and more varied fauna and flora. From all the information displayed in the book, we should find some practical means of assuring cleanliness in tissue culture laboratories, space capsules, newborn nurseries, intensive care units, and operating rooms. For example, surgeons probably should not "scrub in" so vigorously as present-day ceremony requires. On skin injured by the scrub brush, both the harmless and the pathogenic bacteria vastly proliferate and more organisms are scattered into the air. Furthermore, the skin sites on which the most dangerous<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>are carried into the operating room are the surgeon's nose and perineum, not his hands. Modern information suggests that better antibacterial chemicals
MDR1 Gene Expression and Treatment Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: R. Pirker, J. Wallner, K. Geissler, W. Linkesch, O. A. Haas, P. Bettelheim, M. Hopfner, R. Scherrer, P. Valent, L. Havelec, H. Ludwig, K. Lechner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

To prospectively assess the role of MDR1 gene expression in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), levels of MDR1 RNA in blast cells were determined at diagnosis and correlated with treatment outcome in 63 patients. MDR1 RNA levels were negative in 29% and positive in 71% of the patients. The complete remission rate in response to induction chemotherapy was 89% for MDR1 RNA-negative patients and 53% for MDR1 RNA-positive patients ( P = .008). Expression of the MDR1 gene was observed in most patients who died early or had resistant disease. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a decrease in both disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with detectable MDR1 gene expression compared with the disease-free survival and overall survival of MDR1 RNA-negative patients ( P = .029 and P = .009, respectively). These data indicate that MDR1 gene expression is an unfavourable prognostic factor and suggest that multidrug resistance is important in AML. [J Natl Cancer Inst 83:708–712, 1991]
Effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on chromosome aneuploidy and replication asynchrony in healthy peripheral blood stem cell donors
Authors: Betsy Hirsch, LeAnn Oseth, Meghan Cain, Erin Trader, Shelley Pulkrabek, Bruce Lindgren, Xianghua Luo, Mary Clay, John Miller, Dennis Confer, Daniel Weisdorf, Jeffrey McCullough
Journal: Blood (2011)
PREVALENCE AND MECHANISM OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS BY INVASIVE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Rajeeve Subbiah, Aditya Bakhshi, Brian O&apos;Murchu, Matthew McClure, Eric Schwartz, Alfred Bove, Michael Brown, David Fiss, Nelson Wolf, Sheila Weaver, Jesse Goldman, Riyaz Bashir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Minimal Bone Scan Findings in the Presence of Wide-Spread Osteobiastic Disease on Skeletal Radiography
Authors: EDWARD B. SILBERSTEIN, LOUIS E. SCHRODER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A case of indolent carcinoma of the breast metastatic to bone is presented. Radiographic findings showed dramatic osteoblastic activity throughout the skeleton, but the bone scan was mildly abnormal in only one of these areas. A “superscan” appearance was excluded by a whole-body retention study.
Steroid-sensitive mechanism of soluble immune response suppressor production in steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome.
Authors: H W Schnaper, T M Aune
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Soluble immune response suppressor (SIRS), a lymphokine that suppresses antibody production and delayed type hypersensitivity in vivo, has been detected in urine and serum from certain patients with nephrotic syndrome. In the present paper, the relationship between SIRS production and nephrotic syndrome is further characterized. A striking correlation was found between detection of SIRS and the presence of steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). A potential mechanism of SIRS production in SRNS patients was identified, in that lymphocytes from patients produced SIRS without requiring activation by exogenous agents, and incubation of normal lymphocytes with serum from patients activated the cells to secrete SIRS in culture. Although SIRS disappears rapidly from urine or serum after initiation of corticosteroid therapy, hydrocortisone (10(-6)-10(-7) M) did not block secretion of SIRS by activated suppressor cells. It did, however, inhibit in vitro activation of lymphocytes to produce SIRS by concanavalin A, interferon, or SRNS patient serum. The association of suppressor cell activation with SRNS and the sensitivity of both to steroids suggest that the pathogeneses of albuminuria and SIRS production are related.
Getting Polio Eradication Back on Track in Nigeria
Authors: Ebrahim Samba, Francis Nkrumah, Rose Leke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The recent cancellation of polio-vaccination campaigns in several key northern Nigerian states where poliomyelitis is endemic1 has focused attention on this African country, which reported more cases of the disease in 2003 than any of the other six remaining countries with transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus. Nigeria is currently the country that poses the greatest risk to the achievement of the goal of eradicating poliomyelitis globally by the end of 2004. Although the current situation in Nigeria is of great concern, the country has already achieved remarkable progress toward eradication of the disease,2 demonstrating its capacity to implement high-quality eradication . . .
Ischemic Necrosis of Multiple Organs in Prolonged Shock
Authors: Meryl H. Haber, William T. Brown, Kenneth A. Schneider
Journal: JAMA (1963)

CIRCULATORY FAILURE may be further aggravated by the use of vasopressor amines in the management of shock.<sup>1</sup>Reversible shock may be converted to an irreversible state, and treatment directed at blood pressure elevation utilizing these agents may result in multiple foci of necrosis in visceral organs in the absence of demonstrable vascular occlusion.<sup>2,3</sup>The histories presented are of two patients in whom, after prolonged shock, ischemic necrosis of the liver, intestines, and spleen was found at autopsy. A concept of the development of these lesions is presented. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 46-yr-old female with established rheumatic mitral valvular disease entered Chicago Wesley Memorial Hospital for a mitral valvuloplasty. Interpretation of a cardiac catheterization done 1 week prior to surgery indicated that she was suffering from severe mitral stenosis with mild insufficiency. Right-heart-catheterization data suggested tricuspid insufficiency and right-heart failure. A mitral commissurotomy was performed and
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON URTICARIA.
Authors: T. C. GILCHRIST
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In a paper which I read before the last meeting of thisAssociationin Baltimore I gave the results of some experimental observations on the pathology of urticaria. A brief account of these results would not be out place before discussing the present paper. I mentioned that the cases chosen were those of urticaria factitia. Wheals were produced artificially by drawing down the finger nail sharply over the skin and small portions were excised at definite periods after stimulation, viz., at two minutes, five minutes, eight minutes, ten minutes, fifteen minutes, twenty-five minutes, forty minutes and sixty minutes; the results obtained were particularly interesting in that the whole pathology could thus be followed out in detail. It was found that in fifteen minutes after stimulation a complete picture of acute inflammation of the whole derma was presented by these sections. There was an extensive emigration of polynuclear leucocytes, exudation of
The Late Lord Beaconsfield
Authors: J. Kidd
Journal: BMJ (1881)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The Izhikevich artificial spiking neuron model is among the most employed models in neuromorphic engineering and computational neuroscience, due to the affordable computational effort to discretize it and its biological plausibility. It has been adopted also for applications with limited computational resources in embedded systems. It is important therefore to realize a compromise between error and computational expense to solve numerically the model’s equations. Here we investigate the effects of discretization and we study the solver that realizes the best compromise between accuracy and computational cost, given an available amount of Floating Point Operations per Second (FLOPS). We considered three fixed-step solvers for Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE), commonly used in computational neuroscience: Euler method, the Runge-Kutta 2 method and the Runge-Kutta 4 method. To quantify the error produced by the solvers, we used the Victor Purpura spike train Distance from an ideal solution of the ODE. Counterintuitively, we found that simple methods such as Euler and Runge Kutta 2 can outperform more complex ones (i.e. Runge Kutta 4) in the numerical solution of the Izhikevich model if the same FLOPS are allocated in the comparison. Moreover, we quantified the neuron rest time (with input under threshold resulting in no output spikes) necessary for the numerical solution to converge to the ideal solution and therefore to cancel the error accumulated during the spike train; in this analysis we found that the required rest time is independent from the firing rate and the spike train duration. Our results can generalize in a straightforward manner to other spiking neuron models and provide a systematic analysis of fixed step neural ODE solvers towards an accuracy-computational cost tradeoff.
Points: Junior hospital doctors' hours of work campaign
Authors: M H Ornstein
Journal: BMJ (1985)

during insulin stress tests carried out for the investigation of pituitary adenomas should be an indication for terminating the hypoglycaemia by administering glucose.In any case, once symptoms of hypoglycaemia occur glucose should be administered to the patient as the purpose of giving insulin (to achieve stress) would have been accomplished.Prompt restoration of the plasma glucose concentration to normal may diminish the risks mentioned above, thus preventing an acute vascular catastrophe.
Novel Mutation in the Per-Arnt-Sim Domain of KCNH2 Causes a Malignant Form of Long-QT Syndrome
Authors: Tom Rossenbacker, Kanigula Mubagwa, Roselie J. Jongbloed, Johan Vereecke, Koen Devriendt, Marc Gewillig, Edward Carmeliet, Désiré Collen, Hein Heidbüchel, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Circulation (2005)

It has been proposed that the highest risk for cardiac events in patients with long-QT syndrome subtype 2 (LQT2) is related to mutations in the pore region of the KCNH2 channel. It has also been suggested that a subpopulation of LQT2 patients may benefit from pharmacological therapy with modified KCNH2 channel-blocking drugs.In a large LQT2 family (n=33), we have identified a novel nonpore missense mutation (K28E) in the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain of the KCNH2 channel associated with a malignant phenotype: One third of the suspected gene carriers experienced a major cardiac event. Wild-type and K28E-KCNH2 channels were transiently transfected in HEK293 cells. For the mutant channel, whole-cell patch-clamp analysis showed a reduced current density, a negative shift of voltage-dependent channel availability, and an increased rate of deactivation. Western blot analysis and confocal imaging revealed a trafficking deficiency for the mutant channel that could be rescued by the K+ channel blocker E-4031. In cells containing both wild-type and mutant channels, deactivation kinetics were normal. In these cells, reduced current density was restored with E-4031.Our data suggest that besides pore mutations, mutations in the PAS domain may also exhibit a malignant outcome. Pharmacological restoration of current density is promising as a mutation-specific therapy for patients carrying this trafficking-defective mutant.
Mid-Level Practitioners in Dermatology
Authors: H. Ray Jalian, Mathew M. Avram
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS FROM INFLUENZA PATIENTS
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky, Frederick L. Gates
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

An active substance has been detected, by the methods described, in five patients in early stages of epidemic influenza during 1918-19 and two patients in early stages of epidemic influenza during 1920 It was not detected in twelve cases of the same disease in which the onset of obvious symptoms occurred more than 36 hours before washing of the nasopharynx was carried out, nor was it found in the secretions of fourteen individuals free from the syndrome of influenza either during the epidemics or the interval between them. With this substance a clinical and pathological condition has been induced in rabbits, affecting the blood and pulmonary structures mainly, which could be maintained and carried through at least fifteen successive animals. For this reason, and also because of the dilution between passages, we are led to believe that we were dealing with the actual transmission of a multiplying agent rather than with a passive transference of an original active substance. In some of the experiments secondary infections by ordinary bacteria were encountered. The relation of these microorganisms to this active substance will be dealt with fully in another communication. However, the essential effects were produced by a substance wholly unrelated to these bacteria. The similarity that exists between the effects produced in rabbits on the blood and the lungs and those occurring in man in epidemic influenza provides a basis for further investigation on the inciting agent of epidemic influenza.
Type‐IV sensitization profile of individuals with atopic eczema: results from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) and the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG)
Authors: G. Heine, A. Schnuch, W. Uter, M. Worm
Journal: Allergy (2006)

The role of atopic eczema (AE) as risk factor for the development of allergic contact dermatitis is discussed controversially, as well as its influence on patch test results due to increased irritability. In this study, we analysed the pattern of positive patch test results to most frequent contact allergens in patients with AE ( n = 9020) and age matched nonatopic ( n = 15 263) individuals. The pattern and the frequencies of the observed sensitizations did not differ greatly from nonatopic individuals. Bufexamac is an exception: in AE patients sensitization is observed three times more often. For the other substances tested only minor differences were detected. Moreover, the frequencies of single, double or polyvalent sensitizations were nearly identical between the two groups. The analysis of the anatomical sites of dermatitis shows differences between the groups: in AE patients, the face (7.2%) and hand dermatitis (6.6%) was more common, and leg dermatitis (4.0%) less common. Analysis of occupation, suspected allergen source, and accompanying factors revealed no major differences between the both groups. Conclusion : The chronic and long‐term exposure to external drugs and emollients presumably carries a risk for sensitization against specific contact allergens in AE patients. However, the sensitization of contact allergens differs surprisingly little between patients with or without AE.
Subtle variation in ambient room temperature influences the expression of social cognition
Authors: Jacob M. Vigil, Tyler J. Swartz, Lauren N. Rowell
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Social signaling models predict that subtle variation in climatic temperature induces systematic changes in expressed cognition. An experiment showed that perceived room temperature was associated with variability in self-descriptions, social reactions of others, and desiring differing types of social networks. The findings reflect the tendency to inflate capacity demonstrations in warmer climates as a result of the social networking opportunities they enable.