tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Retinal Aldosterone System and the Protective Effects of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism on Retinal Vascular Pathology
Authors: Jennifer L. Wilkinson-Berka, Genevieve Tan, Kassie Jaworski, Jacqueline Harbig, Antonia G. Miller
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Blockade of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) is being evaluated as a treatment for diabetic retinopathy; however, whether the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and aldosterone influence retinal vascular pathology is unknown. We examined the effect of MR antagonism on pathological angiogenesis in rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). To determine the mechanisms by which the MR and aldosterone may influence retinal angiogenesis; inflammation and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were evaluated in OIR and cultured bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs) and bovine retinal pericytes (BRPs). In OIR, MR antagonism (spironolactone) was antiangiogenic. Aldosterone may mediate the pathogenic actions of MR in the retina, with 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 mRNA being detected and with aldosterone stimulating proliferation and tubulogenesis in BRECs and exacerbating angiogenesis in OIR, which was attenuated with spironolactone. The MR and aldosterone modulated retinal inflammation, with leukostasis and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA and protein in OIR being reduced by spironolactone and increased by aldosterone. A reduction in G6PD may be an early response to aldosterone. In BRECs, BRPs, and early OIR, aldosterone reduced G6PD mRNA, and in late OIR, aldosterone increased mRNA for the NAD(P)H oxidase subunit Nox4. A functional retinal MR–aldosterone system was evident with MR expression, translocation of nuclear MR, and aldosterone synthase expression, which was modulated by RAAS blockade. We make the first report that MR and aldosterone influence retinal vasculopathy, which may involve inflammatory and G6PD mechanisms. MR antagonism may be relevant when developing treatments for retinopathies that target the RAAS.
β-Catenin stabilization stalls the transition from double-positive to single-positive stage and predisposes thymocytes to malignant transformation
Authors: Zhuyan Guo, Marei Dose, Damian Kovalovsky, Rui Chang, Jennifer O'Neil, A. Thomas Look, Harald von Boehmer, Khashayarsha Khazaie, Fotini Gounari
Journal: Blood (2007)
Antepartum Dental Radiography and Low Birth Weight
Authors: Cassandra E. Henderson, Hany Ahmed
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of increases in afterload before and after coronary occlusion in awake dogs
Authors: F. L. ROSENFELDT, F. K. R. COBB, R. J. BACHE, D. C. SABISTON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Effect of increases in afterload before and after coronary occlusion in awake dogs Get access FRANKLIN L. ROSENFELDT, FRANKLIN L. ROSENFELDT 1 From the Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 1Dr Rosenfeldt's present address and address for reprints: Baker Medical Research Institute, Commercial Road, Prahan Victoria. Australia, 3181. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar FREDERIC K. R. COBB, FREDERIC K. R. COBB From the Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT J. BACHE, ROBERT J. BACHE From the Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID C. SABISTON, JR. DAVID C. SABISTON, JR. From the Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 7, July 1979, Pages 392–400, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.7.392 Published: 01 July 1979
A new technique to generate and assess forced expiration from raised lung volume in infants.
Authors: D J Turner, S M Stick, K L Lesouëf, P D Sly, P N Lesouëf
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We have developed a new technique that allows assessment of infant lung function over an extended volume range. The lungs are rapidly inflated to a predetermined inflation pressure (PP) using a modified diaphragm pump. Forced expiratory flow-volume (FEFV) curves are then generated from raised lung volumes using an inflatable plastic jacket. We studied 26 normal infants with a median age of 14 mo (range, 3 to 23 mo). FEFV curves were obtained in each infant from end-tidal inspiration and from lung volumes set by a range of PP (15 to 20 cm H2O). Mean (SE) volume above FRC was 107 ml (9 ml), and mean forced expiratory time was 0.73 s (0.05 s) at end-tidal inspiration. Both measurements increased progressively with increases in PP to 251 ml (13 ml) and 1.04 s (0.06 s), respectively, at 20 cm H2O PP (p < 0.0001). Mean intrasubject coefficient of variation was 15.5% (95% confidence interval, 12 to 19%) for maximal flow at FRC, but it was less than 6% (95% CI, 4 to 8%) for forced expiratory volume-time (FEVt) measurements at all levels of PP. Twenty-seven recurrently wheezy infants with a median age of 13 mo (range, 6 to 18 mo) were subsequently studied using a PP of 17.5 cm H2O. Wheezy infants had a lower VmaxFRC [mean (1.39 ml/s/cm) and 95% CI (1.15 to 1.63 ml/s/cm)] than did normal infants (1.78 ml/s/cm; CI, 1.51 to 2.05) (p < 0.05). FEV1 measurements were all lower in wheezy infants than in normals infants: mean FEV0.5, 1.86 ml/cm (CI, 1.73 to 1.98) and 2.31 ml/cm (CI, 2.15 to 2.48), respectively (p < 0.0001); FEV0.75, 2.20 ml/cm (CI, 2.07 to 2.32) and 2.72 ml/cm (CI, 2.52 to 2.91), respectively (p < 0.0001); FEV1.0, 2.42 ml/cm (CI, 2.26 to 2.58) and 2.84 ml/cm (CI, 2.63 to 3.06), respectively (p < 0.005). The Ci values of each FEVt measurement did not overlap between the wheezy and normal groups; however, the CI values of VmaxFRC overlapped markedly. In addition, FEVt parameters showed greater sensitivity in detecting reduced lung function (71 to 89%) than did VmaxFRC parameters (56%). We conclude that (1) FEVt measurements derived from a lung volume set by a standardized pressure are more reproducible than flow measurements in the tidal volume range; (2) FEVt measurements are significantly lower in wheezy infants than in normal infants, show less overlap than flow measurements in the tidal volume range, and therefore are better able to separate the two populations.
Improving Military Review
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thallium-201 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography As an Early Predictor of Outcome in Recurrent Glioma
Authors: Maaike J. Vos, Otto S. Hoekstra, Frederik Barkhof, Johannes Berkhof, Jan J. Heimans, Cees J. van Groeningen, W. Peter Vandertop, Ben J. Slotman, Tjeerd J. Postma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: With limited response rates and potential toxicity of chemotherapeutic treatment in patients with recurrent glioma, reliable response assessment is essential. Currently, the assessment of treatment response in glioma patients is based on the combination of radiologic and clinical findings. However, response monitoring with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is hampered by several pitfalls and is prone to interobserver variability. The aim of this study was to establish the value of thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography ( 201 Tl-SPECT) as a predictor of overall survival and response to chemotherapy in recurrent glioma, and to compare the value of 201 Tl-SPECT with that of CT and MRI. Patients and Methods: We studied patients who underwent CT or MRI and 201 Tl-SPECT before chemotherapy (n = 57), and patients who also had undergone CT or MRI and 201 Tl-SPECT after two courses of chemotherapy (n = 44). The value of the radiologic variables (CT-MRI tumor size, 201 Tl-SPECT tumor size, and maximal tumor intensity) at baseline and at follow-up in predicting overall survival, and the percentage of patients alive and progression-free at 6 months (APF6) were examined using Cox regression and logistic regression analysis. Results: Both at baseline and at follow-up, 201 Tl-SPECT maximal tumor intensity was the strongest predictive variable and was inversely related to overall survival and APF6. In particular, progression of maximal tumor intensity after two courses of chemotherapy was a powerful predictor of poor outcome. Conclusion: 201 Tl-SPECT is superior to conventional CT-MRI in the early prediction of overall survival and response to chemotherapy in patients with recurrent glioma.
CD24, a Novel Cancer Biomarker, Predicting Disease-Free Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Carcinomas: A Retrospective Study of Prognostic Factor Analysis from the Viewpoint of Forthcoming (Seventh) New TNM Classification
Authors: Hyun Ju Lee, Gheeyoung Choe, Sanghoon Jheon, Sook-Whan Sung, Choon-Taek Lee, Jin-Haeng Chung
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
TCT-529 5 types of drug-eluting stents including zotarolimus-eluting stent with biolinx polymer show the similar clinical outcomes for the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Kyounghoon Lee, Taehoon Ahn, Seung Hwan Han, Woong Chol Kang, Eak Kyun Shin, Soon Yong Suh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
An evaluation of climate/mortality relationships in large U.S. cities and the possible impacts of a climate change.
Authors: L S Kalkstein, J S Greene
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

A new air mass-based synoptic procedure is used to evaluate climate/mortality relationships as they presently exist and to estimate how a predicted global warming might alter these values. Forty-four large U.S. cities with metropolitan areas exceeding 1 million in population are analyzed. Sharp increases in mortality are noted in summer for most cities in the East and Midwest when two particular air masses are present. A very warm air mass of maritime origin is most important in the eastern United States, which when present can increase daily mortality by as many as 30 deaths in large cities. A hot, dry air mass is important in many cities, and, although rare in the East, can increase daily mortality by up to 50 deaths. Cities in the South and Southwest show lesser weather/mortality relationships in summer. During winter, air mass-induced increases in mortality are considerably less than in summer. Although daily winter mortality is usually higher than summer, the causes of death that are responsible for most winter mortality do not vary much with temperature. Using models that estimate climate change for the years 2020 and 2050, it is estimated that summer mortality will increase dramatically and winter mortality will decrease slightly, even if people acclimatize to the increased warmth. Thus, a sizable net increase in weather-related mortality is estimated if the climate warms as the models predict.
Identification of neurohypophysial hormones with their antisera
Authors: Helmuth Vorherr, Robert A. Munsick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Identifying posterior pituitary hormones in body fluids or neurohypophysial extracts was heretofore partially achieved by using pharmacologic potency ratios or semispecific inactivation by thioglycolate or enzymes. Production of antisera against oxytocin and lysine-vasopressin has prompted us to test their specificity against lysine-vasopressin, arginine-vasopressin, arginine-vasotocin, and oxytocin. In ethanol anesthetized rats, antidiuretic and milk-ejection activities were assayed for each peptide-antiserum combination after 0, 30, 60, and 90 min of incubation. Results indicate that (a) oxytocin antiserum inactivates oxytocin, but not arginine-vasopressin, lysine-vasopressin, or arginine-vasotocin; vasopressin antiserum inactivates arginine-vasopressin and lysine-vasopressin, but neither oxytocin nor arginine-vasotocin; (b) an identifiable antigenic site exists for each hormone; (c) relatively specific identifications of natural neurohypophysial peptides are possible using antisera and bioassays; (d) this method is promising for identifying neurohypophysial peptides in body fluids and pituitary extracts; and (e) active and passive immunization against oxytocin and vasopressin may increase our understanding of their physiologic functions.
In vivo RNAi screening identifies a mechanism of sorafenib resistance in liver cancer
Authors: Ramona Rudalska, Daniel Dauch, Thomas Longerich, Katherine McJunkin, Torsten Wuestefeld, Tae-Won Kang, Anja Hohmeyer, Marina Pesic, Josef Leibold, Anne von Thun, Peter Schirmacher, Johannes Zuber, Karl-Heinz Weiss, Scott Powers, Nisar P Malek, Martin Eilers, Bence Sipos, Scott W Lowe, Robert Geffers, Stefan Laufer, Lars Zender
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Joint Contractures in Patients with Juvenile Diabetes and Their Siblings
Authors: Howard S Traisman, Edward S Traisman, T J Marr, Joyce Wise
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Six hundred fifteen children (310 with diabetes, 106 nondiabetic siblings, and 199 nonsibling controls) were examined for the presence of joint contractures. Forty children had contractures: 8.4 per cent of those with diabetes and 4.6 per cent of those without diabetes. Contractures were present, however, in 9.4 per cent of nondiabetic siblings, and only 2 per cent of nonsibling controls, suggesting a familial tendency to joint contractures. The older the patient, the more likely he was to have contractures. There was no correlation with sex, race, or age at onset of the disease.
General physicians are as good as cardiologists at interpreting ECGs
Authors: N Prasad, M Lindsay, V S Srikanthan, A C K Pell, F G Dunn, K J Hogg
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—A recent study identified major deficiencies in the ability of medical staff to identify normal electrocardiographic variables such as the QT interval.1 In the clinical setting, however, knowledge of such variables may be less important than the ability to use an electrocardiogram to achieve a diagnosis. Interpretation of the electrocardiogram in these circumstances is as much an art as a science, entailing recognition and assessment of subtle, frequently non-specific abnormalities.2 …
Outcome of untreated infection with Entamoeba histolytica in homosexual men with and without HIV antibody.
Authors: E. Allason-Jones, A. Mindel, P. Sargeaunt, D. Katz
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Among homosexual men the prevalence of infection with Entamoeba histolytica is high. To determine the clinical importance of this infection 55 homosexual men carrying the parasite were investigated in detail. No clinical, serological, or histological evidence of invasive amoebiasis was found in any of them. The patients were not treated and were followed up for 12 to 29 months (mean 21.6 months), during which period none developed symptoms that could be attributed to E histolytica. Spontaneous loss of the parasite occurred in 17 patients, some of whom later became reinfected. Sixteen patients had antibody to human immunodeficiency virus, and infection with E histolytica showed the same benign course in them as in the patients who did not have antibody. Throughout the study classification of the isolates of E histolytica consistently showed that they belonged only to non-pathogenic zymodemes. The findings provide further evidence that E histolytica in homosexual men is a commensal organism.
The treatment of iliotibial band friction syndrome.
Authors: C. A. Noble
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1979)

Iliotibial band friction syndrome is a common cause of knee pain in long distance runners. The pain is caused by friction of the iliotibial band over the lateral epicondyle of the femur. Two hundred and twenty one cases were seen in a two year period. Tenderness over the lateral epicondyle associated with pain at 30 degrees of flexion on compressing the iliotibial band against the lateral epicondyle is diagnostic. Conservative treatment consisted of treating the cause, mostly training irregularities and the local inflammation mostly with steroid injections and rest. Nine cases failed to respond to conservative treatment and these were treated by surgical release of the posterior fibres of the iliotibial band.
Effectiveness of zidovudine in treatment of advanced HIV infection
Authors: J. P. Phair
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Since the introduction of zidovudine, an inhibitor of retroviral reverse transcriptase, there has been continuing controversy regarding the usefulness of this agent. Questions have been raised about the optimal time to initiate therapy and about the duration of benefit achieved with this form of antiretroviral treatment. Preliminary findings of the Concorde trial,<sup>1</sup>a multicenter double-blind, randomized study, failed to demonstrate a significant benefit in survival or rate of disease progression in patients with immediate use of zidovudine therapy compared with deferred treatment. The guidelines promulgated by the expert panel convened after the results of the Concorde trial were presented attempted to address these issues using data from controlled clinical trials.<sup>2</sup>The panel suggested that antiretroviral therapy was optional in asymptomatic persons with CD4 lymphocyte counts of 0.20 to 0.50X10<sup>9</sup>/L (200 to 500/μL) but that zidovudine should be given to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals who were
Prasugrel prevented ischemic events compared with clopidogrel in patients having PCI for STEMI
Authors: William B. Hillegass, Brigitta C. Brott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, et al. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;373:723-31. 19249633
Aggressive Treatment of a Patient with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: N. Swerdlow, R. Haubrich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1987Aggressive Treatment of a Patient with the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeN. SWERDLOW, M.D., Ph.D., R. HAUBRICH, M.D.N. SWERDLOW, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. HAUBRICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-597_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A 28-year-old homosexual man with respiratory distress, diagnosed withPneumocystic cariniipneumonia and psittacosis, was intubated on day 7. Complications during weeks 3 to 9 included gastrointestinal bleeding requiring transfusion, recurrent pneumothoraces requiring bilateral chest tubes, tracheostomy placement, pseudomonas sepsis, and disseminated cytomegalovirus. After extubation he was febrile to 40 °C and maintained on trimethoprim, dapsone, imipenem, ceftriaxone, and intravenous acyclovir. By week 15, stool cultures taken at week 5 were reported positive forMycobacterium avium intracellulare. He was discharged at week 16, requiring home central hyperalimentation, intravenous antibiotics, oxygen, blood and electrolyte replacements, meticulous skin care,...References1. WACHTERLUCETURNER MJJ. Intensive care of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986;134:891-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GRECOSTAZIREZZA DMG. Length of survival of patients with AIDS. Br Med J. 1986;293:451-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. STEINBROOKLOTIRPACK RBJ. Ethical dilemmas in caring for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:787-90. LinkGoogle Scholar4. SCITOVSKYCLINELEE AMP. Medical care costs of patients with AIDS in San Francisco. JAMA. 1986;256:3103-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1987Volume 107, Issue 4Page: 597-597KeywordsHomosexualsOxygenPatientsPneumoniaPseudomonasPsittacosisRespiratory system proceduresSepsisThoraxTracheostomy Issue Published: 1 October 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...