tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD19-dependent B lymphocyte signaling thresholds influence skin fibrosis and autoimmunity in the tight-skin mouse
Authors: Eriko Saito, Manabu Fujimoto, Minoru Hasegawa, Kazuhiro Komura, Yasuhito Hamaguchi, Yuko Kaburagi, Tetsuya Nagaoka, Kazuhiko Takehara, Thomas F. Tedder, Shinichi Sato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The tight-skin (TSK/+) mouse, a genetic model for human systemic sclerosis (SSc), develops cutaneous fibrosis and autoantibodies against SSc-specific target autoantigens. Although molecular mechanisms explaining the development of fibrosis and autoimmunity in SSc patients or TSK/+ mice remain unknown, we recently demonstrated that SSc patients overexpress CD19, an important regulatory molecule expressed by B lymphocytes. B cells from CD19-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to transmembrane signals, while B cells overexpressing CD19 are hyperresponsive and generate autoantibodies. In this study, TSK/+ B cells also exhibited a hyperresponsive phenotype with decreased surface IgM expression, enhanced serum Ig production, and spontaneous autoantibody production. Moreover, CD19 tyrosine phosphorylation was constitutively augmented in TSK/+ B cells. CD19-mediated [Ca2+]i responses, Vav phosphorylation, and Lyn kinase activity were similarly enhanced. Studies of TSK/+ mice deficient in CD19 expression demonstrated that CD19 deficiency significantly decreased skin fibrosis in TSK/+ mice. Additionally, CD19 loss in TSK/+ mice upregulated surface IgM expression and completely abrogated hyper-γ-globulinemia and autoantibody production. CD19 deficiency also inhibited IL-6 production by TSK/+ B cells. Thus, chronic B cell activation resulting from augmented CD19 signaling in TSK/+ mice leads to skin sclerosis possibly through IL-6 overproduction as well as autoimmunity.
Analysis of the characteristics of competitive badminton
Authors: D Cabello Manrique, J J González-Badillo
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2003)

To describe the characteristics of badminton in order to determine the energy requirements, temporal structure, and movements in the game that indicate performance level. To use the findings to plan training with greater precision.Eleven badminton players (mean (SD) age 21.8 (3.26) years) with international experience from four different countries (France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal) were studied. Two of the Spanish players were monitored in several matches, giving a total of 14 samples, all during the 1999 Spanish International Tournament. Blood lactate concentration was measured with a reflective photometer. Maximum and average heart rates were recorded with a heart rate monitor. Temporal structure and actions during the matches were determined from video recordings. All variables were measured during and after the game and later analysed using a descriptive study.The results confirmed the high demands of the sport, with a maximum heart rate of 190.5 beats/min and an average of 173.5 beats/min during matches over 28 minutes long and performance intervals of 6.4 seconds and rest time of 12.9 seconds between exchanges.The results suggest that badminton is characterised by repetitive efforts of alactic nature and great intensity which are continuously performed throughout the match. An awareness of these characteristics, together with data on the correlations between certain actions such as unforced errors and winning shots and the final result of the match, will aid in more appropriate planning and monitoring of specific training.
THEORIES OF PSYCHOPROPHYLAXIS IN OBSTETRICS (PROPHYLAXIS OR THERAPY)
Authors: L. CHERTOK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

The most widely used drugless method of obstetrical analgesia is the psychoprophylactic method (PPM) described by Velvovski. It is an offshoot of the hypnosuggestive method (HSM). Hypnosis has been abandoned. The new method is based upon instruction in anatomy and physiology, and training in techniques of relaxation, breathing and active participation during labour, all in a good emotional climate. The two methods have been contrasted thus. The HSM is said to be based on suggestion, the PPM on persuasion, with the appropriate physiological corollaries, namely cortical inhibition in the case of the former, hence therapy, and excitation in the case of the latter, hence prophylaxis. But this contrast is challenged in the absence of physiological proof. The two methods do differ, but in another way. In HSM, the pain-preventing effect consists principally in verbal, massive, direct action. In the PPM, too, part of the pain-preventing effect appears as verbal and direct but not massive. It is diluted in a network of relationships. But it also appears in a verbal and indirect form; the suppression of fear has beneficial effects on contractions of the uterus. There is finally the non-verbal form represented by breathing exercises, active relaxation and other pain-preventing "procedures." The psychotherapeutic element remains of importance in the PPM. The HSM requires a particular skill from those who apply it, and what is more, hypnosis, surrounded as it is by a mystical halo, meets with much conscious and unconscious resistance, both among the public and in the medical world. In eliminating hypnosis, Velvovski has shown his sense of realities; no doubt he has been unable to interpret in a wholly satisfactory way the physiological and psychological realities on which the method rests, but we should not find this surprising when we realize the difficulty in this field. The field offers a vast and exciting prospect of research to all concerned to understand the nature of pain and to find the means of relieving it. In taking the discussion into the realm of science, Velvovski has already himself achieved considerable progress. Moreover, his rationalization has reassured both public and doctors and thus permitted the application of the method on a large scale.
Dissection sous muqueuse (ESD) gastrique étendue avec un dissecteur à jet d'eau sur un modèle expérimental porcin anesthésie en ventilation spontanée: à propos de 10 cas
Authors: JC Letard, F Cessot, JM Canard, P Capot, B Kieffer, R Pierre Charles, D Sautereau
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Objectif: Le but de ce travail était d'apprécier la faisabilité d'une ESD gastrique étendue au «Flush Knife» chez 10 porcs anesthésiés en ventilation spontanée.
Enterotoxigenic<i><i>Escherichia coli</i></i>
Authors: James M Fleckenstein, George M Munson, David A Rasko
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli are a pervasive cause of serious diarrheal illness in developing countries. Presently, there is no vaccine to prevent these infections, and many features of the basic pathogenesis of these organisms remain poorly understood. Until very recently most pathogenesis studies had focused almost exclusively on a small subset of known "classical" virulence genes, namely fimbrial colonization factors and the heat-labile (LT) and heat stable (ST) enterotoxins. However, recent investigations of pathogen-host interactions reveal a surprisingly complex and intricately orchestrated engagement involving the interplay of classical and "novel" virulence genes, as well as participation of genes highly conserved in the E. coli species. These studies may inform further rational approaches to vaccine development for these important pathogens.
HDAC7, a Thymus-Specific Class II Histone Deacetylase, Regulates Nur77 Transcription and TCR-Mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Franck Dequiedt, Herbert Kasler, Wolfgang Fischle, Veronique Kiermer, Marc Weinstein, Brian G Herndier, Eric Verdin
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Moustache Scissors and Medical Literature
Authors: STEVEN S. SPENCER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 December 1973Moustache Scissors and Medical LiteratureSTEVEN S. SPENCER, M.D.STEVEN S. SPENCER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-6-914_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: With reference to the useful article by Gaeke and Gaeke on filing medical literature (Ann Intern Med78:985-987, 1973), I suggest that students also equip themselves with a pair of blunt-nosed moustache scissors. I have found this to be the best instrument for selectively clipping journal articles with the least trauma to adjacent pages.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Faculty of Medicine University of Dar es Salaam Tanzania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1973Volume 79, Issue 6Page: 914-914 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical Assessment of Allostatic Load and Clinimetric Criteria
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Jenny Guidi, Federica Semprini, Elena Tomba, Nicoletta Sonino
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

The concept of allostasis emphasizes that healthy functioning requires continual adjustments to the internal physiological milieu. Allostatic load reflects the cumulative effects of stressful experiences in daily life. When the cost of chronic exposure to fluctuating or heightened neural or neuroendocrine responses exceeds the coping resources of an individual, allostatic overload ensues. So far these issues have been addressed only on pathophysiological terms that do not find application in clinical settings. However, several features that have been described in psychosomatic research may allow the assessment of allostatic load on clinical grounds. Clinimetric criteria for the determination of allostatic overload are suggested. They are based on: (a) the presence of a stressor exceeding individual coping skills, and (b) clinical manifestations of distress. They may provide specification to the fourth axis of DSM, may supplement the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research, and may help discriminate neuroendocrine patterns with important clinical and research implications. A state of allostatic overload is frequently associated with alterations in biological markers and calls for a close medical evaluation of the patient's condition. The ultimate goal is to be able to prevent or decrease the negative impact of excessive stress on health.
Enhancement of Oncolytic Properties of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Through Antagonism of Cellular Innate Immune Responses
Authors: Dmitriy Zamarin, Luis Martínez-Sobrido, Kaitlyn Kelly, Mena Mansour, Gang Sheng, Adam Vigil, Adolfo García-Sastre, Peter Palese, Yuman Fong
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been previously shown to possess oncolytic activity, causing specific lysis of cancerous but not normal cells. Here we show that despite these findings, the oncolytic efficiency of naturally occurring NDV strains can still be relatively low, as many tumors exhibit strong innate immune responses that suppress viral replication and spread. To overcome this problem, we generated a recombinant fusogenic NDV expressing influenza NS1 protein, a protein exhibiting interferon (IFN)-antagonist and antiapoptotic functions in human and mouse cells. Interestingly, the resultant virus was dramatically enhanced in its ability to form syncytia, lyse a variety of human and mouse tumor cell lines, and suppressed the induction of the cellular IFN responses. Using the aggressive syngeneic murine melanoma model, we show that the NDV-NS1 virus is more effective than virus not expressing NS1 in clearing the established footpad tumors and results in higher overall long-term animal survival. In addition, mice treated with NDV-NS1 exhibited no signs of toxicity to the virus and developed tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. These findings demonstrate that modulation of innate immune responses by NDV results in enhancement of its oncolytic properties and warrant further investigation of this strategy in design of oncolytic NDV vectors against human tumors.
Enterobacteriaceae Act in Concert with the Gut Microbiota to Induce Spontaneous and Maternally Transmitted Colitis
Authors: Wendy S. Garrett, Carey A. Gallini, Tanya Yatsunenko, Monia Michaud, Andrea DuBois, Mary L. Delaney, Shivesh Punit, Maria Karlsson, Lynn Bry, Jonathan N. Glickman, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Andrew B. Onderdonk, Laurie H. Glimcher
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
Abstract 20946: Gene Deletion of Dipeptidyl Peptidase I Prevents Myocyte Apoptosis and Adverse Cardiac Remodeling During the Development of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mikhail A Kolpakov, Jianfen Guo, Danielle Feather, Rosario Scalia, Christine T Pham, Abdelkarim Sabri, Khadija Rafiq
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by intramyocardial inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis. Since inflammatory proteases induce myocyte death and extracellular matrix proteins processing, we hypothesized that increased inflammatory proteases may contribute to the pathophysiological changes observed in the heart during the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results: Ten to twelve weeks old mice with deletion of dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI), an enzyme involved in the maturation of major neutrophil serine proteases, and wild type (WT) mice controls were injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg for 5 days) intraperitoneally and studied after 1, 3 and 8 weeks of induction of diabetes mellitus (DM). Mice with blood sugar above 300 mg/dl were considered diabetic for this study. DPPI deletion had no effect on hyperglycemia. However, neutrophil infiltration and activation of their derived serine proteases, observed at 3 and 8 weeks after streptozotocin (STZ)...
BMA opposes any change to law on assisted suicide
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Doctors at the annual representative meeting of the BMA last week debated whether the 1961 Suicide Act should be amended. The high profile cases of Diane Pretty, who wanted her husband to be allowed to help her to die without fear of prosecution, and of Miss B, who successfully asked for treatment to be withdrawn so that she could die, were the background to the debate.

Despite speeches in support of changing the law, the meeting decided, by 96 votes to 82, that it was not “necessary and desirable” to amend the act “to take account of mentally competent individuals who wish to take their own lives but are physically incapable of so doing.”

The motion was not about euthanasia or …
Increase in intracellular sodium ion activity during stimulation in mammalian cardiac muscle.
Authors: C J Cohen, H A Fozzard, S S Sheu
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Changes in stimulation rate alter the electrical and mechanical characteristics of myocardial cells. We have investigated the possibility that intracellular sodium activity (aiNa) changes with stimulation and correlates with changes in contraction strength. Two kinds of liquid membrane Na+-selective microelectrodes were used to measure aiNa in guinea pig and sheep ventricular muscle and in sheep Purkinje strands. Stimulation produced a rate- and time-dependent elevation of aiNa. Small increases in aiNa were seen at stimulation rates as slow as 0.2 Hz, and faster rates of stimulation elevated aiNa by over 30%. The changes seen in Purkinje strands and ventricular muscle were similar. Following a period of stimulation, aiNa and Vm returned to their pre-stimulus levels with the same time courses. This is consistent with the suggestion that the post-stimulation hyperpolarization is the result of an increased rate of electrogenic Na+ extrusion. The effects of stimulation on aiNa and tension were compared with those of ouabain. The comparison suggests that rapid stimulation could produce increased contraction strength as the result of a substantial gain in intracellular calcium via a Na-Ca exchange mechanism, but that this is only one of several factors determining the force-frequency relationship.
Tropical Rain Forest Conservation Tied To Drug Development
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Tropical Rain Forest Conservation Tied To Drug Development Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 9, 1 May 1991, Pages 594–596, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.9.594 Published: 01 May 1991
Abstract 2056: Evidence against hypoxic-dependent activation of carbonic anhydrase IX in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Susan C. Frost, Ying Li, Chingkuang Tu, David N. Silverman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a membrane-bound, tumor-related enzyme the expression of which is often considered a marker for hypoxia, an indicator of poor prognosis, and associated with acidification of the tumor microenvironment. Many studies have shown that CAIX expression is induced by hypoxia exposing its catalytic domain to the interstitial milieu. Several recent studies have suggested that hypoxic conditions may also permit activation of CAIX, perhaps by causing a conformational change which exposes the catalytic pocket. Our goal was to assess the effect of anoxic conditions on CAIX activity in MDA-MB-231 cells, previously exposed to hypoxia which increases CAIX expression in the absence of other membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (CA) family members. We have taken advantage of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) to directly analyze CA activity in intact cells by measuring the 18O exchange between CO2 and H2O. This method distinguishes between intracellular and extracellular CA activity. MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to 1% oxygen for 16 hours after which they were isolated under normoxic or anoxic conditions. CA activity was then measured, again under normoxic or anoxic conditions. These data show biphasic depletion of 18O from CO2 under both normoxic and anoxic assay conditions. The first phase (which occurs over the first 20-40 seconds) represents a rapid diffusion of CO2 into cells where it is exposed to intracellular CAII. A catalytic cycle depletes 18O followed by efflux of CO2 from the cell. There was no difference in this phase between cells prepared and assayed under normoxic or anoxic conditions. The second phase (from 200-500 sec) is dominated by the hydration-dehydration reaction of CO2/HCO3− catalyzed by exofacial CA activity (CAIX). In cells exposed to anoxia, the slope of the second phase was greater than that observed with cells exposed to normoxic conditions indicating elevated CAIX activity. While this provided evidence that oxygen limitation might influence CAIX activity, the Ki values for two impermeant CA inhibitors, Cpd 5C and a polymeric sulfonamide, did not differ between anoxic and normoxic cells. We conclude from these data that the catalytic site of CAIX is exposed and functional under both anoxic or normoxic conditions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2056. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2056
Prognostic Significance of Admission Troponin T Concentrations in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Peter Stubbs, Paul Collinson, David Moseley, Trevor Greenwood, Mark Noble
Journal: Circulation (1996)

New, highly specific cardiac structural proteins can now be measured. The early presence of one of these proteins, troponin T, has been found to have important prognostic significance in patients with unstable angina pectoris. The prognostic significance of its presence on admission was assessed in patients with myocardial infarction.Two hundred forty patients admitted with myocardial infarction were studied and followed prospectively for a median of 3 years. The prognostic significance of an admission troponin T concentration > or = 0.2 ng/mL for subsequent cardiac death and/or reinfarction was assessed and compared with other variables in a regression model. Any detectable troponin T on admission was associated with a worse prognosis on follow-up. An admission concentration of > or = 0.2 ng/mL was associated with a higher risk of subsequent cardiac death (chi 2, 13.3; P = .0002) and death or nonfatal reinfarction (chi 2, 16; P = .00006). The excess risk was seen primarily in patients with admission ECG ST-segment elevation (cardiac death chi 2, 9.7; P = .001; death or nonfatal reinfarction chi 2, 10.3; P = .001). In a stepwise regression model for cardiac death or nonfatal reinfarction, troponin T was superior to most of the other variables entered in both myocardial infarction subgroups.The presence of admission troponin T in patients with myocardial infarction defines a subgroup, particularly those with ST-segment elevation, at increased risk of subsequent cardiac events and identifies a group that may benefit from alternative early management strategies.
Pure Human Big Gastrin IMMUNOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, DISAPPEARANCE HALF TIME, AND ACID-STIMULATING ACTION IN DOGS
Authors: John H. Walsh, Haile T. Debas, Morton I. Grossman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Biological properties of pure natural human “big gastrin” (designated G-34 because it contains 34 amino acid residues) were compared with those of pure natural heptadecapeptide gastrins (G-17) from human and porcine sources. Radioimmunoassay inhibition curves indicated that G-17 was nearly 1.5 times more potent than G-34 with the antibody used in this study. This difference was confirmed by demonstration of increased immunoreactivity generated when G-34 was converted to G-17 by trypsinization.
How We Die: Reflections on Life's Final Chapter
Authors: Walter G. Gunn
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The literature on death and dying and the psychological and emotional components of that process has by now become somewhat overwhelming in its quantity. This reviewer has read enough on this subject to last a lifetime. With no disrespect to its pioneers and enthusiasts, I think the whole business is wearying and—I hope—what became a fad is starting to fade. On the other hand, there has been comparatively little writing on the physical details of life's final events. Such details can be informative to an increasingly sophisticated lay audience and, when presented by a knowledgeable physician with a long view and a gentle touch, satisfy a need. The book at hand qualifies. The author is at Yale, where he teaches both surgery and the history of medicine. His expertise in the latter is most helpful as he explains the pathophysiology of disease and of life's terminal events. When myocardial ischemia
1006 HBSAG KINETICS OF DECAY AND BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF HBEAG-POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B FOLLOWING 3 YEARS OF TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE (TDF) TREATMENT
Authors: E. Gane, E.J. Heathcote, P. Marcellin, G. Dusheiko, I. Jacobson, R. de Man, S. Zeuzem, P. Nikolaidis, J. Sorbel, E. Mondou, J. Anderson, F. Rousseau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Rat-bite fever as a cause of septic arthritis: a diagnostic dilemma.
Authors: R L Rumley, N A Patrone, L White
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

Rat-bite fever results from an infection with the organism Streptobacillus moniliformis. Symptomatic patients often present with fever, malaise, cough, maculopapular rash, and occasional arthritis, and usually have a history of rodent exposure. This report describes a patient with rat-bite fever resulting in suppurative arthritis. The patient9s diagnosis was made by culture of S moniliformis from his left wrist. The diagnosis was delayed, however, owing to the lack of an exposure history, atypical clinical presentation, and the unusual microbiologic characteristics shown by this organism.