tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Visual Changes and Triamcinolone
Authors: R. J. Rowe
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. L. E. Baran reported the occurrence of immediate blindness during intralesional injections of insoluble corticosteroids.<sup>1</sup>The injections in these cases were given into the anterior scalp for alopecia areata. Triamcinolone has been used extensivly for intralesional injection of various skin eruptions. It has also been injected into the congested mucous membrane of the nose to reduce allergic congestion. This tissue is highly vascular, and some injected materials may enter the vascular system. This report describes a patient who had temporary loss of vision of one eye, diplopia, and unilateral headaches following the injection of triamcinolone into the mucous membrane of the nose. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> This 40-year-old woman, first seen in March 1963, had had difficulty in breathing through her nose since November 1962. Examination revealed marked edema of her mucous membranes without inflammation. The septum was broad on both sides anteriorly and inferiorly
Review: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce HbA<sub>1c</sub>and weight but increase infections
Authors: Gayatri Jaiswal, Gunjan Y. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Vasilakou D, Karagiannis T, Athanasiadou E, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159:262-74. 24026259
Pachydermodactyly or acquired digital fibromatosis
Authors: L. Meunier, C. Pailler, G. Barneon, J. Meynadier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Pachydermodactyly or acquired digital fibromatosis Get access L. Meunier, L. Meunier Department of Dermatology. Hôpital St‐Charles, 300 rue Auguste Broussonnet, Montpellier 34170, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Pailler, C. Pailler Department of Dermatology. Hôpital St‐Charles, 300 rue Auguste Broussonnet, Montpellier 34170, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Barneon, G. Barneon Department of Dermatology. Hôpital St‐Charles, 300 rue Auguste Broussonnet, Montpellier 34170, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Meynadier J. Meynadier Department of Dermatology. Hôpital St‐Charles, 300 rue Auguste Broussonnet, Montpellier 34170, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 5, 1 November 1994, Pages 744–746, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb05006.x Published: 01 November 1994
372 CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASONOGRAPHY (CEUS) AND SPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) IN THE ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY OF PERCUTANEOUS ABLATION TREATMENTS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN CIRRHOSIS
Authors: A.L. Fracanzani, A. Maraschi, L. Burdick, C. Bertelli, E. Fatta, N. Bonelli, D. Meregaglia, S. Fargion
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Abstract 3372: Analysis of putative tumor stem cell markers in the NCI-60 tumor cell line panel
Authors: Christina H. Stuelten, Susan D. Mertins, Johanna I. Busch, Meghan Gowens, Dominic A. Scudiero, Mark W. Burkett, Karen Hite, Michael Alley, Melinda Hollingshead, Robert H. Shoemaker, John E. Niederhuber
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Tumor stem cells or cancer initiating cells are tumor cells that can regenerate a recurring tumor or a metastasis. A variety of cell surface and other markers have been associated with identification and characterization of tumor stem cells. We investigated the expression of a number of these putative stem cell markers (CD15, CD24, CD44, CD133, CD166, CD326, PgP, and aldehyde dehydrogenase) in the NCI60 tumor panel. A spectrally compatible set of labeled antibodies was designed to enable simultaneous evaluation of six markers (CD44, CD24, CD133, CD166, CD326 (EpCAM), and PgP, and forward (FSC) and side scatter (SSC). Marker expression patterns were analyzed by multiple component analysis and correlated with clonogeneic potential of cell lines (2D colony formation assay, anchorage independent colony formation in soft agar assay). Additionally sphere formation in suspension culture and the capacity of cell lines to form tumors in vivo upon injection with matrigel was assessed for colon cancer cell lines. Analysis of expression of single markers and co-expression of up to 6 markers demonstrated that all stem cell markers investigated are expressed in cell lines of the NCI-60 panel. Patterns of co-expression of these markers as defined by multiple component analysis tracked primarily with tumor type, but individual patterns were also observed to occur in multiple tumor types. In the breast cancer panel the patterns of co-expression segregated with the known molecular sub-types (basal, luminal, normal-like) of the tumor cell lines. Cells from colonosphere cultures generated from the colon tumor panel using serum-free, growth factor supplemented medium showed subtly different co-expression patterns. Both sphere-derived and bulk cultured colon tumor cells were highly tumorigenic in NOD/SCID mice and tumor formation was observed following inoculation of 10-100 cells. Only two out of seven of the colonosphere derived cell populations had enhanced tumor initiating ability, but did not share differences in stem cell marker display with respect to the unselected bulk cultures. Furthermore, marker expression patterns did not significantly correlate with in vitro colony formation (2D culture, soft agar). Our results demonstrate a high degree of complexity and heterogeneity in tumor stem cell marker display that can be influenced by culture conditions and relates to the histological classification of tumors rather than to the clonogenic potential of cells in cell lines of the NCI60 panel. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3372.
Alpha-L-fucosidase in normal and psoriatic epidermis
Authors: P.D. Mier, Helga Rennes, P.E.J. Erp, H. Roelfzema
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Alpha‐L‐fucosidase in normal and psoriatic epidermis Get access P.D. Mier, P.D. Mier Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Helga van Rennes, Helga van Rennes Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E.J. van Erp, P.E.J. van Erp Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Roelfzema H. Roelfzema Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 106, Issue 3, 1 March 1982, Pages 367–368, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb01738.x Published: 01 March 1982
Recognition of Image Artifacts on Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Enhanced by Iterative Reconstruction
Authors: Bailing Hsu, Chia-Hung Kao, Guang-Uei Hung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Iterative reconstruction, such as ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM), incorporated with resolution recovery has been routinely used to improve image resolution in myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Compared with traditional filtered back-projection (FBP), this type of reconstruction may also adversely enhance image artifacts from soft-tissue attenuation or by scatter of extracardial activities. We demonstrate these findings from 2 patients who underwent Tc-99m sestamibi (MIBI) SPECT. In one patient, subdiaphragmatic attenuation artifact in FBP images was worsened with OSEM. In the other patient, a hot spot presented in FBP images was enhanced to decrease the image intensity in other myocardial segments due to adjacent hot bowel.
Ethnicity and adverse drug reactions
Authors: Erik Eliasson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Personalised drug treatment is getting closer but will not replace good clinical judgment 

W hether ethnicity is an important contributor to the variable outcome of drug treatment is still a matter of debate. Research evidence on such associations is limited in quantity and variable in quality. Too often patients' ethnicity is classified by using poorly defined criteria or an inadequate scientific basis.1 Indeed, both skin colour and self identification of ethnic origin seem to be poorly correlated with molecular genetics, and most genetic variability is found within, rather than among, continental populations.2 In addition, ethnic differences in drug response might originate from cultural or environmental factors.

In a meta-analysis on p 1177 McDowell and colleagues systematically reviewed the literature and summarised consistent findings about ethnicity and adverse drug reactions to cardiovascular drugs.3 They found, among other interesting results, a threefold higher risk of angioedema in black compared to non-black patients when taking angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors …
Herpes Simplex Virus Pneumonia
Authors: PAUL G. RAMSEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Herpes simplex virus (herpesvirus) was isolated from autopsy lung specimens of 20 patients with clinical, roentgenographic, and histologic evidence of pneumonia. Mucocutaneous herpesvirus infection preceded the onset of pneumonia in 17. Twelve patients had focal pneumonia, 10 of whom had concomitant herpetic tracheitis, esophagitis, or both. Eight patients had diffuse interstitial pneumonia, six of whom had dissemination of herpesvirus to the other organs. Of the eight lung isolates available for typing, seven were herpesvirus-1 and one, herpesvirus-2. A high prevalence of herpesvirus antibody in serum samples obtained before pneumonia and identical restriction endonuclease patterns between mucosal and lung isolates in individual patients indicated that, in most cases, herpesvirus pneumonia was due to endogenous reactivation of virus. Focal herpesvirus pneumonia appeared to result from contiguous spread of herpesvirus to lung parenchyma, whereas diffuse interstitial pneumonia appeared to be a manifestation of hematogenous dissemination of virus.
Histoplasmosis Diagnosed on Peripheral Blood Smear From a Patient With AIDS
Authors: Stuart Henochowicz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy with ultrasound guidance in patients with malignant melanoma and palpable lymph nodes
Authors: S. Dalle, C. Paulin, V. Lapras, B. Balme, S. Ronger-Savle, L. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Recurrence after treatment of stage I–II melanoma involves regional lymph nodes in about 50% of patients. A reliable method is needed to evaluate lymph node status (metastatic or not) in the case of palpable lymph nodes. Objectives To evaluate the efficiency of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in examining clinically detected suspicious lymph node in patients followed up after surgical removal of stage I–II melanoma. Patients and methods One hundred and twenty FNABs were performed in 67 patients with a suspicious node in an open study conducted in a French melanoma regional referral centre, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu. Cytodiagnosis was classified as positive, negative, inadequate or inconclusive. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated after final histopathological evaluation. Results Fifty-eight of 120 FNABs were positive (48%), 50 of 120 (42%) were negative, four of 120 (3%) were inconclusive and eight of 120 (7%) were inadequate. Among the 108 FNABs in which a definitive diagnosis could be given, sensitivity was 98·2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 90·7–99·9] and specificity was 96·1% (95% CI 86·8–98·9). Conclusions FNAB under ultrasound guidance is an efficient tool to discriminate better between cases in which surgical treatment of the lymph node basin should be performed and patients who should return for follow-up. Surgical treatment appears to be required in cases of positive FNAB or in inconclusive cases.
Ahead of the times: The changing face of political correctness
Authors: J. Naish
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A colleague recently told me that the health authority where I used to practise is planning to set up a preconceptual screening and counselling service for haemaglobinopathies. He had a glint in his eye when he said that he reminded the authority that I tried to pilot such a service in my old practice in 1983. This story will be of interest to those who observe how fashions in political correctness change.

I used to practise in an area with an established Afro-Caribbean community and increasing numbers of new arrivals from Cyprus and Turkey. In the …
Hypoglycemia-Activated GLUT2 Neurons of the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Stimulate Vagal Activity and Glucagon Secretion
Authors: Christophe M. Lamy, Hitomi Sanno, Gwenaël Labouèbe, Alexandre Picard, Christophe Magnan, Jean-Yves Chatton, Bernard Thorens
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
Ultrasound guided percutaneous cutting biopsy for the diagnosis of pulmonary consolidations of unknown aetiology.
Authors: P C Yang, D B Chang, C J Yu, Y C Lee, S H Kuo, K T Luh
Journal: Thorax (1992)

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound has been used to guide percutaneous aspiration biopsy of thoracic tumours with high diagnostic yield. This study assessed the diagnostic value of ultrasound guided percutaneous cutting biopsy for pulmonary consolidation of unknown aetiology. METHODS: Thirty patients with undiagnosed lobar or segmental consolidation underwent ultrasound guided percutaneous needle aspiration and large bore cutting biopsy. The needle aspirates and biopsy specimens were sent for cytological, microbiological, and histopathological examination. RESULTS: Percutaneous needle aspiration provided a diagnosis in nine of 30 patients (30%), whereas cutting biopsy obtained a satisfactory specimen for histological diagnosis in 28 patients (93%) and provided a definite aetiological diagnosis in 17 patients (57%). The combination of needle aspiration with Trucut biopsy provided a diagnostic rate of 63%. The underlying diagnoses were fungal pneumonia (five patients), tuberculosis (five), bacterial pneumonia (one), bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (three), lymphoma (two), adenocarcinoma (one), vasculitis (one), acute pneumonia of unknown aetiology (one), and chronic non-specific pneumonia (nine). Two patients, who had necrotic tissue only in the biopsy specimen, were found at thoracotomy to have an adenocarcinoma and aspergillosis. Two patients had complications from the technique, a small pneumothorax in one and a small haemoptysis in another. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound guided percutaneous cutting biopsy is a valuable method for diagnosing pulmonary consolidation of unknown aetiology. The diagnostic yield is high and the procedure appears to be relatively safe.
Brentuximab Vedotin (SGN-35)
Authors: Jessica Katz, John E. Janik, Anas Younes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the CD30 antigen expressed on Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. SGN-35 consists of the cAC10 chimerized IgG1 monoclonal antibody SGN30, modified by the addition of a valine-citrulline dipeptide linker to permit attachment of the potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization monomethylauristatin E (MMAE). In phase II trials, SGN-35 produced response rates of 75% in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 102) and 87% in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (n = 30). Responses to SGN-35 might be related not only to the cytotoxic effect due to release of MMAE within the malignant cell but also to other effects. First, SGN-35 may signal malignant cells through CD30 ligation to deliver an apoptotic or proliferative response. The former would amplify the cytotoxicity of MMAE. A proliferative signal delivered in the context of MMAE intoxication could enhance cell death. Second, the efficacy of SGN-35, particularly in Hodgkin lymphoma, might be attributed to its effect on the tumor microenvironment. Diffusion of free MMAE from the targeted tumor cells could result in a bystander effect that kills the normal supporting cells in close proximity to the malignant cells. The elimination of T regulatory cells that inhibit cytotoxic effector cells and elimination of cells that provide growth factor support for Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells could further enhance the cytotoxic activity of SGN-35. Here we review the biology of SGN-35 and the clinical effects of SGN-35 administration.
Facilitated diffusion and sodium-dependent transport of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides in rat liver
Authors: Axel Holstege, Heide-Maria Gengenbacher, Linda Jehle, Johannes Hoppmann
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

In mammalian cells, nucleoside transport usually is mediated by facilitated diffusion. In addition, a Na(+)-dependent, concentrative nucleoside transport system has been detected in several tissues but not the liver. To further clarify hepatic nucleoside transport mechanisms, we measured the uptake of [2-14C]uridine (2 to 100 mumol/L) and of [8-14C]adenosine (10 to 75 mumol/L) by the isolated perfused rat liver in the presence or absence of extracellular sodium or specific inhibitors of facilitated nucleoside diffusion. Uridine transport and metabolism were monitored by the release of labeled catabolites including 14CO2, which indicated complete degradation of the pyrimidine. Adenosine, uridine and uridine catabolites were measured in the effluent perfusate by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and a radioactivity flow monitor. The existence of a Na(+)-dependent nucleoside transport system could be inferred from the following observations: (a) Sodium depletion caused a strong inhibition of nucleoside transport reflected by an up to threefold and 15-fold increase in extracellular uridine and adenosine, respectively. The sodium-dependent transport of uridine was saturated when the influent uridine concentration was raised beyond 20 mumol/L. No such saturation was observed for much higher concentrations of adenosine used (10 to 75 mumol/L). (b) Na(+)-free perfusion resulted in a strong suppression of the release of uridine catabolites by the liver. Complete uridine breakdown was depressed to 7% of the amount of 14CO2 released in the presence of sodium and at influent uridine concentrations below 20 mumol/L. (c) Inhibition of uridine (10 mumol/L) transport and degradation was observed after coperfusion with adenosine, deoxyadenosine, guanosine and deoxyguanosine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comedonal Darier's disease
Authors: E.K DERRICK, C.R DARLEY, S. BURGE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Darier's disease is an inherited disorder with well-recognized patterns of presentation. Lesions commonly affect the trunk and flexures. The diagnosis is based on the typical clinical appearance and histology showing acantholytic dyskeratosis. We report two unusual cases with prominent nodular, comedonal lesions on the face and scalp.
"THERE IS NOTHING PHYSICALLY THE MATTER"
Authors: Roy R. Grinker
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The examination has been thorough and included many laboratory tests in addition to the usual clinical procedures. The physician then gives the patient the diagnosis and prescription for which he has been consulted. "There is nothing physically the matter with you—nothing that a good vacation could not cure. Stop worrying, snap out of it, pull yourself together!" The immediate effect is deceiving; the patient may feel relieved that he has not an obscure and devastating disease, but the reaction is prompt and often overwhelming. "If the doctor had found something the matter I could be treated by drugs or surgery—what hope have I now?" the patient asks of himself. The suffering patient alone realizes the extent of his misery, which has not been dissipated by the physician's kind attitude, cheerful words or reassurances. Admonitions to forget are hollowly received, for the patient knows he does not want
Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Jana Vrbíková, Bela Bendlová, Martin Hill, Markéta Vanková, Karel Vondra, Luboslav Stárka
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate insulin sensitivity (IS) and β-cell function (βF) in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), either separately or by using a disposition index (DI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 64 women with PCOS and 20 healthy women were examined by anthropometry, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), and insulin tolerance tests. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate. RESULTS—A significantly higher waist-to-hip ratio (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) was found in both lean and obese women with PCOS. Higher basal blood glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.004) and blood glucose values at 3 h of OGTT (P &amp;lt; 0.008) were found in lean and obese PCOS subjects in comparison with control subjects. Insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (P &amp;lt; 0.007) was significantly higher in obese PCOS than in control or lean PCOS subjects. Early-phase insulin secretion (insulinogenic index [ΔI/ΔG30–0, where I is insulin and G is glucose]; P &amp;lt; 0.0007) was significantly higher in both lean and obese PCOS subjects than in healthy women. All tested combinations of parameters of IS and βF (DIs) followed a physiological hyperbolic relationship. Significantly lower values of the fasting state–derived DIs were found (all P &amp;lt; 0.05) in obese PCOS subjects. Significantly higher values of all of these indexes derived from nonfasting values were found in lean PCOS as compared with control and obese PCOS subjects (all P &amp;lt; 10–3). CONCLUSIONS—Increased βF was found even in lean individuals with PCOS. Insulin hypersecretion is thus probably connected to the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Pixantrone dimaleate versus other chemotherapeutic agents as a single-agent salvage treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised trial
Authors: Ruth Pettengell, Bertrand Coiffier, Geetha Narayanan, Fernando Hurtado de Mendoza, Raghunadharao Digumarti, Henry Gomez, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Gary Schiller, David Rizzieri, Giles Boland, Paul Cernohous, Lixia Wang, Christine Kuepfer, Igor Gorbatchevsky, Jack W Singer
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2012)