tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heart and Lung Accumulation of Tc-99m MDP With Normal Radiographs in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: FRANCISCO JOSÉ H. N. BRAGA, JOSÉ RICARDO de A. MIRANDA, LEANDRO J. LUCCA, TÂNIA M. P. GARCIA, AGENOR S. FERRAZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

The authors report a case of striking Tc-99m MDP uptake in the heart and another case of variable MDP uptake in the lungs of a patient undergoing hemodialysis. Uremic calcification in the lungs is not unusual, but heart calcification related to hemodialysis has not been reported. Interestingly, three other patients with pulmonary calcifications had normal radiographic findings. The second patient used to drink water rich in CaCO3 (which chelates phosphorous and is related to soft tissue uptake of calcium). Bone scintigraphy should be considered superior to conventional radiographic studies in such cases.
Proximal interphalangeal arthroscintigraphy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J Remans, H Berghs, L Drieskens, L Kiebooms, J Polderman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Quantitative scintigraphy of proximal interphalangeal joints was performed by a reproducible method using 99m-Technetium in the hands of 40 normal controls and 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The range of the mean uptake varied considerably between proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints in normal subjects. The mean uptake over PIP joints was not significantly different either between normal controls and RA patients, nor between those rheumatoid arthritis patients with and those without clinical signs of inflammation in the PIP joints. However, the variation in the PIP counts was significantly greater in the rheumatoid hands than in the normal hands. There was no clear correlation between the technetium uptake and the clinical parameters of inflammation in the PIP joints.
Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy in Blacks and Homozygosity for the Genetic Marker A2m
Authors: KOTRESHA NEELAKANTAPPA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1986Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy in Blacks and Homozygosity for the Genetic Marker A2mKOTRESHA NEELAKANTAPPA, M.D., GLORIA R. GALLO, M.D., DAVID S. BALDWIN, M.D.KOTRESHA NEELAKANTAPPA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GLORIA R. GALLO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID S. BALDWIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-2-287_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy occurs with an unusually low incidence in blacks (1). There has been no apparent explanation for this so far. Immunoglobulin A1 is the predominant subtype in human serum, and most evidence shows that IgA1 is the immunoglobulin involved in the glomerulus and in immune complexes in IgA nephropathy. However, IgA2 is thought to be important in the first-line defense against the offending antigen at the mucosal surface (2). The genetic marker A2m(1) identified on the Fc portion of the heavy chain of IgA2 occurs with the highest incidence (gene frequency, 0.99) in whites and...References1. GALLAKOHAUTALEXANDERMESTECKY JERJ. Racial difference in the prevalence of IgA associated nephropathies. Lancet. 1984;2:522. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JERRYKUNKEL LH. Special characteristics of the IgA2 subclass. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1974;45:151-60. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. KUNKELSMITHJOSLINNATVIGLITWIN HWFJS. Genetic marker of the IgA2 subgroup of IgA immunoglobulins. Nature. 1969;223:1247-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. JERRYKUNKELGREY LHH. Absence of disulfide bonds linking the heavy and light chains: a property of a genetic variant of IgA2 globulins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1970;65:557-82. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. LE PETITCAZESBERTHOUX JMF. Genetic investigation in mesangial IgA nephropathy. Tissue Antigens. 1982;19:108-14. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York University Medical Center New York, NY 10016 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByRole of Epstein-Barr Virus in Pathogenesis and Racial Distribution of IgA NephropathyIgA Nephropathy and Schöenlein-Henoch Purpura NephritisPathogenesis of IgA nephropathy: A ReviewIgA nephropathyIgA nephropathy in Blacks: Studies of IgA2 allotypes and clinical courseWorldwide Perspective of IgA NephropathyImmunobiology of IgADo genetic factors play a role in Berger's disease? 1 February 1986Volume 104, Issue 2Page: 287-288KeywordsAntigensGeneticsHomozygosityImmune complex Issue Published: 1 February 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Targeted delivery of interferon-alpha via fusion to anti-CD20 results in potent antitumor activity against B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Caiyun Xuan, Kristopher K. Steward, John M. Timmerman, Sherie L. Morrison
Journal: Blood (2010)

Abstract The anti-CD20 antibody rituximab has substantially improved outcomes in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. However, many patients are not cured by rituximab-based therapies, and overcoming de novo or acquired rituximab resistance remains an important challenge to successful treatment of B-cell malignancies. Interferon-alpha (IFNα) has potent immunostimulatory properties and antiproliferative effects against some B-cell cancers, but its clinical utility is limited by systemic toxicity. To improve the efficacy of CD20-targeted therapy, we constructed fusion proteins consisting of anti-CD20 and murine or human IFNα. Fusion proteins had reduced IFNα activity in vitro compared with native IFNα, but CD20 targeting permitted efficient antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects against an aggressive rituximab-insensitive human CD20+ murine lymphoma (38C13-huCD20) and a human B-cell lymphoma (Daudi). In vivo efficacy was demonstrated against established 38C13-huCD20 grown in syngeneic immunocompetent mice and large, established Daudi xenografts grown in nude mice. Optimal tumor eradication required CD20 targeting, with 87% of mice cured of rituximab-insensitive tumors. Gene knockdown studies revealed that tumor eradication required expression of type I IFN receptors on the tumor cell surface. Targeting type I IFNs to sites of B-cell lymphoma by fusion to anti-CD20 antibodies represents a potentially useful strategy for treatment of B-cell malignancies.
[229] CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM CREATININE, COCKCROFT FORMULA AND DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN CANDIDATES FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR MELD SCORE
Authors: C. Francoz, D. Prie, R. Sobesky, R. Moreau, D. Sommacale, J. Belghiti, D. Valla, F. Durand
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
948 A REGIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION STUDY OF THE HCV NS3 PROTEASE INHIBITOR SCH 900518 IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
Authors: E. Hughes, Y. Wan, M. Treitel, S. Gupta, C. Hu, B. Yue, A. Sheth, M. Corpus, D. Marchisin, P. Prasad, E. O'Mara, J. de Bres, A. Connor, K. Palaniappan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Structure and function of milk allergens
Authors: J. M. Wal
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background and methods: Dog dander is one of the most important indoor allergens in Nordic countries. Due to the population flow into cities, the number of dogs in urban areas has increased. Dog allergens can be found practically everywhere indoors. We measured allergen content in indoor air and dust during dog shows. Results: In facilities used for dog shows, the dog allergen content was exceptionally high, up to 2 100 000 ng Can f 1/g dust, but it can be reduced by proper cleaning. The efficiency of cleaning will remain poor if furniture and textiles are not cleaned or the distribution of airborne allergen cannot be prevented. Conclusions: Dog shows should not be held in public facilities, such as schools, where a significant proportion of occupants are hypersensitive to dog allergens and may therefore suffer symptoms due to the exposure to dog dander.
Apolipoprotein ai and coronary disease progression: A 5-year angiographic study
Authors: W.I. Mark Webster, James H Chesebro, Bruce A Kottke, Hugh C Smith, Robert L Frye, David R Holmes, Guy S Reeder, Dennis R Bresnahan, Rick A Nishimura, Ian P Clements, William T Bardsley, Diane E Grill, Kent R Bailey, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Point prevalence of mental disorder in unconvicted male prisoners in England and Wales
Authors: D. Brooke, C. Taylor, J. Gunn, A. Maden
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To determine prevalence of mental disorder among male unconvicted prisoners and to assess the treatment needs of this population. <b>Design</b>: Semi-structured interview and case note review of randomly selected cross section of male remand population. Non-attenders were replaced by the next name on prison roll. <b>Setting</b>: Three young offenders9 institutions and 13 adult men9s prisons. <b>Subjects</b>: 750 prisoners, representing 9.4% cross sectional sample of male unconvicted population. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Prevalence of ICD-10 diagnoses of mental disorder, and associated treatment needs. <b>Results</b>: Psychiatric disorder was diagnosed in 469 (63%) inmates. The main diagnoses were: substance misuse, 285 (38%); neurotic illness, 192 (26%); personality disorder, 84 (11%); psychosis, 36 (5%); other and uncertain, 36 (0.5%). Subjects could have more than one diagnosis. The average refusal rate was 18%. In total 414 inmates (55%) were judged to have an immediate treatment need: transfer to an NHS bed, 64 (9%); treatment by prison health care services, 131 (17%); motivational interviewing for substance misuse, 115 (15%); and therapeutic community placement, 104 (14%). <b>Conclusions</b>: Mental disorder was common among male unconvicted prisoners. Psychosis was present at four or five times the level found in the general population. Extrapolation of our results suggests that remand population as a whole probably contains about 680 men who need transfer to hospital for psychiatric treatment, including about 380 prisoners with serious mental illness. <h3>Key messages</h3> We conducted a survey of the point prevalence of psychiatric disorder in men remanded in custody in England and Wales and assessed their treatment needs A diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was made in 63% of those surveyed, including 5% with psychosis Over half of these prisoners were judged to have an immediate treatment need—most could be treated inside prison, but 9% needed transfer to a psychiatric bed outside prison By extrapolation, the remand population probably contains about 680 men who need transfer to hospital for psychiatric treatment, including about 380 with serious mental illness Prison treatment facilities for unconvicted prisoners need substantial expansion
Genes regulating molecular and cellular functions in noninfectious nonallergic rhinitis
Authors: L. O. Cardell, M. Andersson, A. Cervin, Å. Davidsson, J. Hellgren, M. Holmström, L. Lundblad, P. Stierna, P. Stjärne, M. Adner
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Chronic noninfectious, nonallergic rhinitis (NINAR) is a complex syndrome with a principally unknown pathophysiology. New technology has made it possible to examine differentially expressed genes and according to network theory, genes connected by their function that might have key roles in the disease.Connectivity analysis was used to identify NINAR key genes. mRNA was extracted from nasal biopsies from 12 NINAR patients and 12 healthy volunteers. Microarrays were performed using Affymetrix chips with 54 613 genes. Data were analysed with the Ingenuity Pathway System for organization of genes into annotated biological functions and, thereafter, linking genes into networks due to their connectivity. The regulation of key genes was confirmed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).In all, 43 genes were differentially expressed. The functional analysis showed that these genes were primarily involved in cellular movement, haematological system development and immune response. Merging these functions, 10 genes were found to be shared. Network analysis generated three networks and two of these 'shared genes' in key positions, c-fos and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42). These genes were upregulated in both the array and the RT-PCR analysis.Ten genes were found to be of pathophysiological interest for NINAR and of these, c-fos and Cdc42 seemed to be of specific interest due to their ability to interact with other genes of interest within this context. Although the role of c-fos and Cdc42 in upper airway inflammation remains unknown, they might be used as potential disease markers.
Focal mechanisms underlying ventricular tachycardia during prolonged ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: S M Pogwizd
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The present study was performed to define the mechanisms underlying spontaneously occurring ventricular arrhythmias in the failing heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-dimensional cardiac mapping from as many as 232 intramural sites was performed in five dogs with ischemic cardiomyopathy induced by multiple intracoronary embolizations. After 5 to 10 weekly embolizations with 90-microns latex microspheres into the left anterior and circumflex coronary arteries, left ventricular ejection fraction decreased from 63 +/- 3% to 22 +/- 3%. Subsequent weekly Holter monitoring of dogs in the conscious state demonstrated frequent multiform premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) (&lt; or = 2000/d), couplets, and runs of ventricular tachycardia (VT) (&lt; or = 70 beats in duration and &lt; or = 560 beats per minute) in all dogs. Three-dimensional mapping of spontaneous rhythm for 60 minutes was performed an average of 6.4 weeks after the last embolization, during which time each dog demonstrated multiform PVCs, couplets, and runs of nonsustained VT at rates comparable to those in the conscious state. Mapping was of sufficient density to define the mechanism for 31 PVCs, 45 beats of ventricular couplets, and 99 beats of VT. Sinus beats preceding PVCs (n = 36) initiated in the septum and spread rapidly with a total activation time (46 +/- 1 milliseconds) that did not differ from that of sinus beats not preceding PVCs or VT (46 +/- 2 milliseconds, n = 10, P = .69). PVCs and the first beat of couplets or VT were initiated primarily in the subendocardium by a focal mechanism, based on the lack of intervening electrical activity between the termination of the preceding (sinus) beat and initiation of the ectopic beat (225 +/- 23 milliseconds), despite the presence of multiple intervening intramural recording sites. All subsequent beats of VT also were initiated by a focal mechanism, and their total activation time (89 +/- 1 milliseconds) did not differ from that of the initiating ectopic beats (86 +/- 2 milliseconds, P = .14), despite acceleration of VT to a cycle length of 200 milliseconds. Monomorphic VT was due to repetitive focal activation of subendocardial sites. Polymorphic VT was due to sequential focal activation from multiple sites arising in the subendocardium and, at times, in the subepicardium. Comparison of mapping data with results of detailed anatomic analysis of tissue demonstrated that focal sites of initiation exhibited patchy nontransmural fibrosis. Functional conduction delay of a moderate degree was evident only when fibrosis extended transmurally. CONCLUSIONS Spontaneously occurring PVCs, couplets, and VT in a model of ischemic cardiomyopathy are initiated and maintained by focal mechanisms with no evidence of macroreentry. Thus, therapeutic regimens to treat or prevent VT in the presence of ischemic cardiomyopathy will likely require interruption of these focal mechanisms.
Physician Clinical Performance Assessment
Authors: Bruce E. Landon, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, David Blumenthal, Jennifer Daley
Journal: JAMA (2003)

The performance of physicians in their day-to-day clinical practices has become an area of intense public interest. Both patients and health care purchasers want more effective means of identifying excellent clinicians, and a variety of organizations are discussing and implementing plans for assessing the performance of individual clinicians. In this article, we review the current state of physician clinical performance assessment with a focus on its usefulness for competency assessment. We describe recommendations for a physician clinical performance assessment system for these purposes, and identify ways in which current methods of performance assessment fall short of these. We conclude that important technical barriers stand in the way of using physician clinical performance assessment for evaluating the competency of individual physicians. Overcoming these barriers will require considerable additional research and development. Even then, for some uses, physician clinical performance assessment at the individual physician level may be technically impossible to accomplish in a valid and fair way.
Induction of an Antigen-specific, CD1-restricted Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Response In vivo
Authors: Delphine J. Lee, Amila Abeyratne, Dennis A. Carson, Maripat Corr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

The majority of T cell responses are restricted to peptide antigens bound by polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. However, peptide antigens can be presented to T cells by murine non-MHC–encoded CD1d (mCD1) molecules, and human T cell lines specific for nonpeptide antigens presented on CD1 isoforms have been identified. It is shown here that antigen-specific, mCD1-restricted lymphocytes can be generated in vivo by immunizing mice with a combination of plasmids encoding chicken ovalbumin, murine CD1d, and costimulatory molecules. Splenocytes from immunized mice have CD1d-restricted, MHC- unrestricted, ovalbumin-specific cytolytic activity that can be inhibited by anti-CD1 antibodies as well as a competing CD1-binding peptide. These results suggest a physiologic role for murine CD1d to present exogenous protein antigens.
Focal and Generalized Folliculitis Following Smallpox Vaccination Among Vaccinia-Naive Recipients
Authors: Thomas R. Talbot
Journal: JAMA (2003)

With the reintroduction of smallpox vaccination, detailed contemporary descriptions of adverse reactions to the vaccine are needed to adequately inform the public and clinicians. During a multicenter, randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of various dilutions of smallpox vaccine, we observed the appearance of a papulovesicular eruption (focal and generalized) in study volunteers.To characterize the papulovesicular eruptions by clinical, virologic, and histopathological characteristics.Prospective case series of papulovesicular eruptions following smallpox vaccination in healthy, vaccinia-naive adult participants compared with noncases conducted from October 2002 to March 2003. Variables potentially related to these eruptions were collected retrospectively through chart review. Eruptions were described based on viral culture, clinical examination, and histopathological evaluation (1 biopsy specimen from 1 case).Cases of papulovesicular eruptions following vaccination.During the trial, of 148 volunteers (56% women; mean age 23.6 years), 4 participants (2.7%) developed generalized eruptions and 11 (7.4%) noted focal eruptions. Viral cultures of sample lesions were negative for vaccinia. The result of a skin biopsy sample from 1 case of generalized rash revealed suppurative folliculitis without evidence of viral infection. All lesions resolved without scarring. In the cohort, cases and noncases did not show significant differences in terms of sex, in the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or oral or depo contraceptives, in medication allergies, in the incidence of fever or lymphadenopathy after vaccination, or in the dilution of vaccine received.Folliculitis is a common and benign eruption observed in vaccinia-naive adult volunteers following smallpox vaccination. This eruption may be seen in volunteers receiving the vaccine in the newly instituted vaccination programs and may be met with heightened anxiety, potentially being confused with generalized vaccinia. This description of folliculitis using clinical, virologic, and histopathological findings should allay these concerns and provide additional insight into this eruption.
Rapid and Marked Induction of Hepatocyte Growth Factor During Liver Regeneration After Ischemic or Crush Injury
Authors: Masahiro Hamanoue, Kouichi Kawaida, Sonshin Takao, Hisaaki Shimazu, Sumihare Noji, Kunio Matsumoto, Toshikazu Nakamura
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Liver injuries induced by ischemia or physical trauma are characterized by noninflammatory damage frequently observed in a clinical setting. When the liver of rats was injured by ischemic treatment or physical crushing, necrotic tissue degeneration occurred in several sites of lobulus within 24 hr. Hepatocyte growth factor, a potent mitogen for adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture, was markedly induced in the livers of rats injured by ischemia or physical trauma. In both cases, the hepatocyte growth factor messenger RNA level in the injured liver reached about 10 to 20 times that of the normal level during 12 to 24 hr after liver injury. The increase in hepatocyte growth factor messenger RNA correlated well with the degree of liver damage as evaluated by serum ALT activity in the sera of rats. In situ hybridization showed that hepatocyte growth factor messenger RNA expression occurs in nonparenchymal liver cells, primarily in Kupffer cells of the ischemic liver. After the increase of hepatocyte growth factor messenger RNA in the injured liver, a marked compensatory hepatocyte DNA synthesis occurred 48 to 72 hr after these treatments. These results suggest that hepatocyte growth factor acts as a hepatotropic factor for liver regeneration after noninflammatory liver damage caused by ischemia and physical crush, probably through a paracrine mechanism.