tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1064 The effects of anti-7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo6a9pyrene (BPDE), a carcinogenic metabolite of Benzo6a9pyrene (BP) action on activation of externally regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/Erk2) in human small airway epithelial (SAE) cells
Authors: K MCDOWELL
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
The VD Epidemic: How It Started, Where It's Going, and What To Do About It
Authors: Gert H. Brieger
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Dr. Louis Lasagna, an accomplished physician and writer, again demonstrates his skills in his newest book. Dissatisfied with what has been written about venereal diseases, he has set out to describe concisely their biology, epidemiology, and some of the historical aspects. In a brief 150 pages he provides a wealth of information that should make interesting reading for our colleagues as well as for our patients, a rare combination in one book. The resurgence of gonorrhea and syphilis, despite the introduction of effective penicillin therapy 30 years ago, presents a fascinating and troubling epidemiologic and social problem. Dr. Lasagna is correct, I believe, in pointing out that one of the factors that accounts for this resurgence is the shift in diagnosis and therapy from the public clinic to the private physician's office. More physicians, especially those engaged in primary care, will have to become versed in the proper therapy of
930-105 Xanthine-Oxidase Inhibition Improves Coronary Endothelium-Mediated Relaxation in Patients with Early Atherosclerosis
Authors: Thomas S. Johnston, David G. Harrison, J. Larry Klein, William D. Anderson, J. Jeffrey Marshall, Jian Zhang, R. Wayne Alexander, Charles B. Treasure
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
SI Units and the Friedewald Formula
Authors: Jacques Massé
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

ExcerptTo the Editors:Bagatell and colleagues (1) studied the effects of experimentally induced androgen deficiency on levels of serum lipoproteins. To estimate the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, they used the Friedewald formula (2), which they expressed as: LDL cholesterol = total cholesterol - (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol + [triglycerides + 5]). This formula works when conventional units (mg/dL) are used but is inadequate with Système International (SI) units (3). To be used with the latter, the triglycerides must be divided by 2.18 instead of by 5. Because the LDL cholesterol levels reported by the authors in their Table 1 are correct,...
JAGGED1 Gene Expression During Human Embryogenesis Elucidates the Wide Phenotypic Spectrum of Alagille Syndrome
Authors: Cécile Crosnier, Tania Attié-Bitach, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Sophie Audollent, Fardouss Soudy, Michelle Hadchouel, Michèle Meunier-Rotival, Michel Vekemans
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Mutations of the JAGGED1 gene, encoding a NOTCH receptor ligand, cause Alagille syndrome (AGS), a complex malformative disorder affecting mainly the liver, heart, vertebrae, eye, and face. Minor and occasional features involving kidney, pharynx, systemic arteries, skeleton, and ear are in some cases associated with the syndrome. To describe the expression of JAGGED1 during human embryogenesis and to study its relationship with all the features of AGS, we performed in situ hybridization studies on human embryos and fetal tissue sections. JAGGED1 was mainly expressed in the cardiovascular system. In the liver, JAGGED1 transcripts were only detected in blood vessels. JAGGED1 was also expressed in other structures of mesenchymal origin (distal mesenchyme of limb buds; mesonephric and metanephric tubules of the kidney) and in epithelial structures including the ciliary margin of the retina and the posterior part of the lens, the ventral epithelium of the otic vesicle, the neurosensory epithelium of the ear vestibule, the epithelium of pharyngeal arches, and the developing central nervous system. The strong JAGGED1 expression during human embryo- and feto-genesis both in the vascular system and in other mesenchymal and epithelial tissues implicates abnormal angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of Alagille syndrome and particularly the paucity of interlobular bile ducts. However, it is probably not the only mechanism of the disease. Except for the central nervous system, there is a strong correlation between JAGGED1 expression and all the features of AGS. This implies that the features occasionally associated with the syndrome are not coincidental.
Zonal adult Hirschsprung's disease.
Authors: C G Fu, T Muto, T Masaki, H Nagawa
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND: Hirschsprung9s disease is a congenital disorder which is rare in adulthood. In typical cases the aganglionosis involves mainly the rectum or rectosigmoid colon and the lesion starts from the anal valve. Zonal segmental aganglionosis is a very rare type even in children. PATIENT: A 54 year old women with zonal segmental aganglionosis had an aganglionic segment 18 cm in length located in the rectosigmoid colon with an 8 cm long normal appearing rectum and dilated proximal colon. Resection of the stenotic segment with end to end anastomosis was performed. CONCLUSION: The functional result was excellent five years after the operation.
Phase 1 clinical results with tandutinib (MLN518), a novel FLT3 antagonist, in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics
Authors: Daniel J. DeAngelo, Richard M. Stone, Mark L. Heaney, Stephen D. Nimer, Ronald L. Paquette, Rebecca B. Klisovic, Michael A. Caligiuri, Michael R. Cooper, Jean-Michel Lecerf, Michael D. Karol, Shihong Sheng, Nick Holford, Peter T. Curtin, Brian J. Druker, Michael C. Heinrich
Journal: Blood (2006)
Endocrine and metabolic aspects of gynecology
Authors: Nathan Kase
Journal: JAMA (1963)

In recent years the field of gynecologic endocrinology has grown in stature, scope, and sophistication. In large measure this advance can be attributed to the widespread interest in reproductive physiology found in the clinical and basic sciences. The beneficial application of the multidiscipline approach finds testimony in this new book which reviews gynecologic endocrinology and is competently written by an internist. As is now customary in monographs of this type, the material is organized about chapters in which the physiology of menstruation and pathogenesis of menstrual abnormalities are briefly but comprehensively reviewed. Though the book is conventional in format, by incorporating recent experimental data each diagnostic category is discussed from the point of view of the physiological mechanisms producing endocrine malfunction. Where these mechanisms are not clearly defined, or disagreement exists as to the precise nature of the disorder, the differences are critically and thoughtfully evaluated. Particularly noteworthy in this
Breast Cancer Revisited
Authors: Bernard Gardner
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The recently published DEBATES IN MEDICINE (230:95-109, 1974) point out some of the crucial problems that persist in the evaluation of the proper treatment of breast cancer. Attempts to define treatment on the basis of differences in survival rates of 5% to 10% in uncontrolled retrospective studies make no sense in terms of what we know about the disease. Furthermore, even the prospective randomized studies do not clearly define the elements necessary for proper evaluation of treatment.   Not all cancers of the breast behave in the same manner. It is fundamental in understanding breast cancer treatment to define what (little) we know about its natural history. In terms of the average doubling time (30 days), a 2-cm lesion has been present for approximately eight years prior to diagnosis. If the volume of a spherical cancer is given by the formula, 1/6πd3 (or 4.189×r3), then an increase in size from
Paget??s Disease Presenting as Ivory Vertebral Body with Increased Uptake on Bone Imaging
Authors: THOMAS E. VAUGHAN, JAMES P. POLGA, RALPH OTTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors describe a 29-year-old man with abdominal pain in whom an abdominal series revealed a Ti2 ivory vertebral body. Intense increased activity was demonstrated on total body bone scintigraphy. A bone biopsy revealed Paget disease. Although Paget disease is extremely rare in a patient of this age, it does occur.
Comparison of amino acid v peptide based enteral diets in active Crohn's disease: clinical and nutritional outcome.
Authors: D Royall, K N Jeejeebhoy, J P Baker, J P Allard, F M Habal, S C Cunnane, G R Greenberg
Journal: Gut (1994)

Elemental diets are considered an effective primary treatment for active Crohn9s disease. This study examined the hypothesis that improvement occurs because of the presence of amino acids or the low fat content, or both. A randomised, controlled trial was undertaken in 40 patients with active Crohn9s disease to evaluate clinical and nutritional outcomes after an amino acid based diet containing 3% fat was given by a feeding tube compared with a peptide based diet containing 33% fat. After three weeks9 treatment, clinical remission occurred in 84% of patients who were given the amino acid diet and 75% of patients who received the peptide diet (p = 0.38). Plasma linoleic acid concentration was reduced after the amino acid but not the peptide diet. An increase in total body nitrogen was associated with the magnitude of nutritional depletion before treatment and at six months9 follow up, only patients who showed gains in total body nitrogen after enteral nutrition had a sustained clinical remission. This study shows that peptide based high fat diets are as effective as amino acid low fat diets for achieving clinical remission in active Crohn9s disease. Improved total body protein stores but not essential fatty acid depletion may be an important indicator of a sustained remission.
Prolonged Doxapram Infusion in Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome
Authors: William C. Houser
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Doxapram hydrochloride, a potent, centrally acting respiratory stimulant, is used to treat acute respiratory insufficiency caused by anesthetic administration,<sup>1</sup>drug overdose,<sup>2</sup>and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.<sup>3</sup>We used it to treat acute respiratory failure due to the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome because the patient's condition did not improve with conventional therapy. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 39-year-old woman came to the hospital because she felt depressed. She also had dyspnea after walking ten to 12 steps. Her son reported that she slept approximately 12 hours per day and was difficult to arouse. She reported a weight gain of approximately 45 kg over the past year, had had pedal edema for the past four months, and there was recent onset of periorbital edema. The patient had been overweight since her teens, when she weighed 81 kg. Because of emotional stress precipitated by family problems, she began to eat excessively. Both
Philosophy and Technics of Self-Education of the Medical Student and Physician
Authors: Harold Jeghers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN recent years the medical profession has been faced with an unprecedented growth in available knowledge, — said to average 9 per cent per year, — the result of progressively increasing support of research during and since World War II. As a consequence, medical educators are being forced to take a hard look at the educational technics that can best disseminate this information. It is basic that increments of new knowledge are not useful until applied for their ultimate goal — improvement in the care of the sick and injured.The effectiveness of medical education during the undergraduate period, and . . .
Bicycle Injuries in Children
Authors: A. W. Craft, D. A. Shaw, N. E. F. Cartlidge
Journal: BMJ (1973)

An analysis of 405 bicycle accidents in children under 15 years of age resulting in their attendance at hospital has shown that those having accidents while riding modern "high-rise" bicycles suffered head injury and bone fracture and required hospital admission more frequently than did those riding conventional models. "High-rise" accidents tended to occur on newly acquired and borrowed machines, suggesting that lack of experience of the handling properties of these bicycles may be a factor in the causation of accidents.
Use of Automated Dithionite Tests for Mass Screening for Hemoglobin S in Large Civilian and Military Populations.
Authors: Robert M. Nalbandian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Use of Automated Dithionite Tests for Mass Screening for Hemoglobin S in Large Civilian and Military Populations.Robert M. Nalbandian, M.D., Frank R. Camp Jr., M.S., Nicholas F. Conte, M.D., Keats K. Vining, F.A.C.P.Robert M. Nalbandian, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Frank R. Camp Jr., M.S.Search for more papers by this author, Nicholas F. Conte, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Keats K. Vining, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-870_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFour new dithionite tests have recently been developed for the detection of hemoglobin S. One of these, the automated dithionite test, has been used in mass screening programs in metropolitan and miltary populations, constituting in aggregate a field test of more than 27 000 individuals. The automated technique processes 120 specimens per hour on ½ millilitre of anticoagulated whole blood at a reagent cost of 2 cents each. In Grand Rapids a comprehensive, mass screening program was undertaken successfully. The initial test population were the negro school children; the children who tested as positive identified the affected families in the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Fort Knox, Ky. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 870-870KeywordsArmed forcesBloodChildrenHemoglobinPopulation statistics Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract LB-172: Role of post-translational modification of the RUNX2 transcription factor in osteosarcoma
Authors: Tatsuo Ito, Zhao Xinyang, Yoshiyuki Suehara, Akira Kawai, Stephen D. Nimer, Marc Ladanyi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background-Several transcription factors or co-factors have recently been reported to be methylated at certain arginine residues, a post-translational modification mediated by two classes of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT). Moreover, some PRMTs have been shown to be key regulators of mesenchymal differentiation, and one of the PRMTs is involved in the epigenetic programming of early embryo development. RUNX2 is major transcription factor in osteoblast differentiation but little is known about its activity or function in osteosarcoma (OS). RUNX1, another member of RUNT family, is known to methylated at R206/R210, within the Runt domain, a region that has considerable homology with RUNX2. Here, we examined the possible role of PRMTs in OS in relation to the post-translational modification of RUNX2 and its possible impact on cell proliferation and differentiation. Method-We generated arginine methylation-specific antibodies to RUNX2. The specificity of this antibody was confirmed by detecting immunoprecipitated RUNX2 from Saos2 cells by Western blot. We also confirmed the expression of RUNX2 and arginine methylated RUNX2 in Saos2 cell by immunofluorescence. We also examined the frequency of arginine methylation of RUNX2 in OS patient samples, compared to total RUNX2, by Western blot. Finally, we examined the influence of arginine methylation on the transcriptional activity of RUNX2 by luciferase assay using osteocalcin promoter plasmid. Results-We found that PRMTs can methylate the arginine residue in the Runt domain of RUNX2. This arginine methylation of RUNX2 alters its transcriptional activity at the osteocalcin promoter. Immunofluorescence with arginine methylation-specific antibody showed weak nuclear positivity in the SAOS-2 cell line. Patient tumor samples also show the expression of arginine methylated RUNX2, as well as total RUNX2. Conclusion- Our results confirm that arginine methylation of RUNX2 affects its function as a transcription factor. Further study of the possible role of arginine methylation of RUNX2 in regulating its effect on osteosarcoma proliferation and differentiation could be of translational interest, given the therapeutic potential of PRMT inhibitors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-172. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-172
Sypilitic Affections of the Nervous System: A Retrospect
Authors: T. Reade
Journal: BMJ (1870)

s College, London, and I, published cases of syphilitic disorders of the brain and its membranes respectively, in 1851 and i852, the subject has attained a high degree of practical value and nosological importance.The cases we at that time submitted were in direct contravention of the universally accepted opinion and authority which ruled sturgeons.It is within the roll of the maladies usually assigned to the care of the physician, that we now trace and follow out the most serious and even fatal results of constitutional syphilis.In my own paper, first series (Dzbliz Quarterly .ournal,I852), I have unequivocally proved that epilepsy, mania, hemiplegia, paraplegia, amaurosis, hebetude of intellect, loss of memory, cranial neuralgia, suicidal propensity, paralysis of sphincters-all may be the offspring of
Pulmonary tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe: analysis by spoligotyping
Authors: R S Heyderman, M Goyal, P Roberts, S Ushewokunze, S Zizhou, B G Marshall, R. Makombe, J D A Van Embden, P R Mason, R J Shaw
Journal: Thorax (1998)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Over the last 10 years there has been a fourfold increase in cases of tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe. The use of molecular epidemiology to understand tuberculosis transmission in this epidemic has been hampered by the availability of suitable culture facilities. A study was therefore undertaken to explore the potential of spoligotyping, a polymerase chain reaction based technique that does not require tuberculosis culture. <h3>METHODS</h3> Adults attending a chest clinic with clinical or radiological pulmonary tuberculosis and one smear positive sputum were enrolled over one month. Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data were gathered using a standardised questionnaire. Molecular fingerprinting of genomic DNA recovered from sputum was performed by spoligotyping. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Sixty one subjects (median age 28 years (range 18–73); 61% men) were recruited and 57 provided adequate sputum samples. Recent rural-urban migration or immigration was not common; 40% of subjects lived in crowded living conditions. DNA suitable for spoligotyping was recovered from 28 patients and 20 different genotypes of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis </i>were identified. Fifteen patients were infected with an <i>M tuberculosis</i> strain shared by one or more individuals. Patients infected with a shared spoligotype were not closely linked geographically within Harare, but were more likely to live in overcrowded conditions (69% versus 23%; odds ratio 6.85 (95% CI 1.2 to 47), p = 0.026). Analysis of the patients' original rural family homes revealed two geographically related spoligotype clusters. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Spoligotyping may yield valuable molecular typing information in populations where tuberculosis culture is not available. This novel technique requires further development and evaluation in larger epidemiological studies.
D7-07: A phase II NCCTG “Window of Opportunity Front-line” study of the mTOR Inhibitor, CCI-779 (Temsirolimus) given as a single agent in patients with advanced NSCLC
Authors: Julian R. Molina, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, Kendrith Rowland, Nicholas F. Reuter, James R. Jett, Randolph Marks, Steven E. Schild, Alex A. Adjei
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Targeted deletion of the γ‐adducin gene (<i>Add3</i>) in mice reveals differences in α‐adducin interactions in erythroid and nonerythroid cells
Authors: Kenneth E. Sahr, Amy J. Lambert, Steven L. Ciciotte, Narla Mohandas, Luanne L. Peters
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

In red blood cells (RBCs) adducin heterotetramers localize to the spectrin-actin junction of the peripheral membrane skeleton. We previously reported that deletion of beta-adducin results in osmotically fragile, microcytic RBCs and a phenotype of hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Notably, alpha-adducin was significantly reduced, while gamma-adducin, normally present in limited amounts, was increased approximately 5-fold, suggesting that alpha-adducin requires a heterologous binding partner for stability and function, and that gamma-adducin can partially substitute for the absence of beta-adducin. To test these assumptions we generated gamma-adducin null mice. gamma-adducin null RBCs appear normal on Wright's stained peripheral blood smears and by scanning electron microscopy. All membrane skeleton proteins examined are present in normal amounts, and all hematological parameters measured are normal. Despite a loss of approximately 70% of alpha-adducin in gamma-adducin null platelets, no bleeding defect is observed and platelet structure appears normal. Moreover, systemic blood pressure and pulse are normal in gamma-adducin null mice. gamma- and beta-adducin null mice were intercrossed to generate double null mice. Loss of gamma-adducin does not exacerbate the beta-adducin null HS phenotype although the amount alpha-adducin is reduced to barely detectable levels. The stability of alpha-adducin in the absence of a heterologous binding partner varies considerably in various tissues. The amount of alpha-adducin is modestly reduced ( approximately 15%) in the kidney, while in the spleen and brain is reduced by approximately 50% with the loss of a heterologous beta- or gamma-adducin binding partner. These results suggest that the structural properties of adducin differ significantly between erythroid and various nonerythroid cell types.
Pulmonary Effects of Oxygen Breathing
Authors: MARVIN A. SACKNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

The most constant early symptom of pulmonary oxygen toxicity in normal volunteers is substernal distress, which usually develops between the 12th and 16th hours. This suggests that oxygen breathing might produce an acute tracheobronchitis. The following measurements were done in 10 normal volunteers breathing 90% to 95% oxygen to detect this possibility: [1] bronchofiberscopic observations of the trachea, [2] estimation of tracheal mucous velocity, and [3] pulmonary function tests. Endoscopic evidence of tracheitis was present in all subjects at the end of 6 hours of breathing oxygen. Tracheal mucous velocity was depressed as early as 3 hours after oxygen breathing and was the most sensitive indicator of oxygen-induced tracheitis. Administration of terbutaline, a beta adrenergic stimulant, restored tracheal mucous velocity to control levels by increasing the proportion of faster moving mucous pathways.
Differences in autoantibody response to Th/To between systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases
Authors: M Kuwana
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

A case of angiodysplasia, symptomatic for 18 years, is presented. This case highlights the difficulty of establishing a diagnosis. Associated findings included aortic stenosis and a carcinoid tumour of the ileum. Despite transfusion of a total of 1200 units of blood the liver was normal at necropsy.