tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SOME DISPUTED POINTS IN THE CORRECTION OF REFRACTION ERRORS.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: B. ALEX. RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In the entire range of ophthalmology there is probably no question as important as that of how to deal with errors of refraction. The sum total of discomfort, disease and impaired vision fairly ascribable to ametropia, is unapproachable by that due to any of the grave disorders to which the eye is subject; and glasses are being prescribed with ever-increasing frequency and by a rapidly widening circle of medical men. Yet it is very unfortunate to note the wide divergence in the views of men who ought to be authorities in such matters; and the acrimonious criticism with which some of them assail the work of others, attacking them even before the laity with a vigor which ill accords with professional, or even common courtesy, and can be justified only by scientific demonstrations, as yet lacking, that the treatment thus condemned is unwise and harmful. As there are many whose
Pathogenesis and evolution of virulence in enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Authors: Michael S. Donnenberg, Thomas S. Whittam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Pathotypes and pathogenic clonesPathogenic forms of E. coli associated with human and animal diseases are remarkably diverse.Certain pathogenic strains cause enteric diseases ranging in symptoms from cholera-like diarrhea to severe dysentery; other E. coli may colonize the urinary tract, resulting in cystitis or pyelonephritis, or may cause other extraintestinal infections, such as septicemia and meningitis.In discussing the diversity of pathogenic forms of this versatile species, we distinguish between an isolate's pathotype, a classification of E. coli into groups that have a similar mode of pathogenesis and cause clinically similar forms of disease, and the pathogenic clone, bacteria of a genetic lineage within a bacterial species that share similarities because of recent descent from a common ancestral cell.There are at least eight recognized pathotypes of E. coli (Table 1) but many more distinct pathogenic clones (see Figure 1).Bacteria of the same pathogenic clone represent a monophyletic branch of an evolutionary tree and typically carry many of the same mobile genetic elements, including those that determine virulence.Early evidence for the clonal nature of pathogenic E. coli was seen in the repeated recovery of identical serotypes and biotypes from separate outbreaks of disease.The idea of widespread pathogenic clones gained support from the study of protein polymorphisms,
Massive Intestinal Bleeding in Hemangiomatosis of the Duodenum
Authors: K. Ikeda, H. Murayama, H. Takano, S. Araki, K. Ikejiri
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

A 33-year-old male was admitted to Takano Hospital with fainting spell and diaphoresis due to massive tarry stool. He had been working and in good health until 2 days before admission. Urgent duodenal endoscopy disclosed hemorrhage from an angiomatous lesion of the duodenum. A duodenal resection with duodenojejunostomy was performed. Pathologic examination revealed a cavernous hemangiomatosis of the duodenum. The patient had a good postoperative course. Hemangioma of the intestinal tract is rare. To our knowledge, the present case is the first case in which urgent endoscopy has succeeded in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of this lesion and ascertaining the bleeding point.
Rhinopharyngoscopy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: F. Bonifazi, M. B. Bilò, L Antonicelli, M. G. Bonetti
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Rhinitis is defined as nasal congestion, sneezing, itching and rhinorrhoea, recently classified as allergic, infective, structural or “other”. The increasing employment of flexible rhynolaringoscopy may represent one of the most useful diagnostic tools in the complex differential diagnosis between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. Furthermore, chronic allergic rhinitis, with secondary impairment of mucociliary clearance and the plethora of frequent anatomical variations, especially in the ostiomeatal complex, appear to predispose the patient to recurrent rhinosinusitis. In the last two decades, a better understanding of mucociliary clearance of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses has shifted the attention from the maxillary sinuses to the area of the antherior ethmoid sinuses. Plain fiim radiographic examination, the historical standard, due to its inability to individualize ethmoid and sphenoid disease, is being rapidly supplanted by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis In allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis the diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography is still under debate. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are more efficient in demonstrating the bone wall, mucosal layer and sinus content than classical and computerized radiology; they have a higher diagnostic performance index in spite of a higher cost and, for computed tomography, a higher radiation dose.
505 IBUPROFEN-ASSOCIATED HEPATOTOXICITY: ANALYSIS OF A CASE SERIES INCLUDED IN THE SPANISH DILI REGISTRY
Authors: A. Muñoz-García, M. Robles-Díaz, Y. Borraz, M.I. Lucena, J.A. Durán-Jiménez, J.M. Pérez-Moreno, E. García-Ruiz, J.M. Navarro, M.C. Fernández, M. Romero-Gómez, R.J. Andrade
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
HIV Antibody in Lebanese Arabs
Authors: NABIL T. NASSAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1987HIV Antibody in Lebanese ArabsNABIL T. NASSAR, M.D.NABIL T. NASSAR, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-429_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The prevalence of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been determined in various non-high-risk groups in different parts of the world. Results ranged from 0% in South Africa and Venezuela to 0.17%, 0.15%, and 1.03% in blood donors in the United States, military recruits, and German blood donors, respectively (1-3). In other parts of the world the prevalence was higher—12.4% to 15.5% in Zairian controls and Rwandese blood donors, and up to 44% in Zambian females (4, 5). Similar data are not available yet for Arabs living in the Middle East. We therefore conducted a...References1. LYONS S, SCHOUB B, MCGILLIVRAY G, SHER R, and DOS SANTOS L. Lack of evidence of HTLV-III endemicity in Southern Africa. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:1257-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. . Human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus antibody prevalence in U.S. military recruit applicants. MMWR. 1986;35:421-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. SEIDL S and KÜHNL P. HTLV-III antibody screening in German blood donors [Abstract]. Lancet. 1985;1:1047. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CLUMECK N, ROBERT-GUROFF M, and VAN DE PERRE P. Seroepidemiological studies of HTLV-III antibody prevalence among selected groups of heterosexual Africans. JAMA. 1985;254:2599-602. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BUCHANAN D, DOWNING R, and TEDDER R. HTLV-III antibody positivity in Zambian copper belt [Abstract]. Lancet. 1986;1:155. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NABIL T. NASSAR, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHIV in the Middle East and North Africa: priority, culture, and controlThe prevalence of HIV infection in Egypt 1 September 1987Volume 107, Issue 3Page: 429-429KeywordsArabic peopleArmed forcesBlood donorsHIV ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cytokine expression in synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Authors: M N Farahat, G Yanni, R Poston, G S Panayi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVES--To compare, by immunohistochemistry, the cellular and cytokine profile in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial membranes (SMs). Synovium was obtained at knee arthroplasty from 10 patients with RA and 10 with OA. METHODS--Synovial membranes were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to assess cytokine expression (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and EGF) and the intensity of the mononuclear cellular infiltrate (MNC). RESULTS--Significantly greater percentages of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and EGF cells were detected in all areas of the rheumatoid SMs when compared with osteoarthritic SMs. Five RA but only one OA SM demonstrated focal lymphoid aggregates. Lining layer thickening was noted in RA SMs only. The intensity of the MNC and number of blood vessels were greater in the RA group. CONCLUSION--The results suggest that the differences in cytokine production by RA and OA SMs are quantitative but that the greater thickness of the synovial lining layer and higher vascularity may be specific to RA.
Multiple glomus tumours: successful treatment with electron beam irradiation
Authors: K. NISHIMOTO, M. NISHIMOTO, S. YAMAMOTO, T. NAKAGAWA, T. TAKAIWA, M. TANABE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Multiple glomus tumours: successful treatment with electron beam irradiation Get access K. NISHIMOTO, K. NISHIMOTO Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Dr K.Nishimoto, Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa 761–07, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. NISHIMOTO, M. NISHIMOTO Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. YAMAMOTO, S. YAMAMOTO Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. NAKAGAWA, T. NAKAGAWA Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. TAKAIWA, T. TAKAIWA Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. TANABE M. TANABE Department of Radiology, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 5, 1 November 1990, Pages 657–661, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01484.x Published: 01 November 1990
Slow Infusion of Vinca Alkaloids in the Treatment of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Yeon S. Ahn, William J. Harrington, Ravindra Mylvaganam, Larry M. Allen, Lorraine M. Pall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Vinca alkaloids are useful in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, a disorder in which macrophages remove platelets sensitized with antibody. Because vinca alkaloids avidly bind to platelets, drugs can be delivered selectively to macrophages. However, drugs given by bolus injection are cleared too rapidly to bind optimally to autologous platelets, and the use of allogeneic platelets loaded with drug in vitro is cumbersome, expensive, and dangerous. Therefore, slow infusions were devised to prolong the duration of enhanced plasma drug concentrations, thereby providing better conditions for in-vivo drug loading into autologous platelets. Twenty-four patients with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were given slow infusions; 17 had good to excellent responses. Eleven of eighteen patients who had been treated with bolus injections had better results when treated with slow infusions. Patients with improved responses had slower plasma clearance rates than did patients with poor responses. Slow infusion therapy had fewer side effects than bolus injection therapy. Slow infusions are the best method for long-term management.
Effect of Smoking on the Fasting Blood Sugar and Pressor Amines
Authors: KAI REHDER, GRACE M. ROTH
Journal: Circulation (1959)

When 24 normal subjects under basal conditions smoked two thirds of 2 cigarettes, there was no appreciable rise in the levels of the fasting blood sugar and the epinephrine-like substances of the systemic venous blood. However, the smoking of two thirds of 2 cigarettes significantly raised the blood pressure and pulse rate, and decreased the skin temperature of fingers and toes.
Comment on: The ORIGIN Trial Investigators. Characteristics Associated With Maintenance of Mean A1C <6.5% in People With Dysglycemia in the ORIGIN Trial. Diabetes Care 2013;36:2915-2922
Authors: Katherine Esposito, Dario Giugliano
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

In their recently published Outcome Reduction with Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial (1), the investigators found that basal insulin glargine started early in the natural history of dysglycemia can maintain glycemic control near baseline levels for the whole study length. This trial is important for the size (12,537 individuals), geography (40 countries), and follow-up (up to 5 years). During glargine treatment, the percentage of diabetic patients achieving A1C <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) was 88% at 1 year and 77% at 5 years, and the percentage achieving A1C <6.5% (48 mmol/mol) was 74% at 1 year and 60% after 5 years. These percentages of success …
Writing Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arnold A.P. van Emmerik, Albert Reijntjes, Jan H. Kamphuis
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

Face-to-face psychological treatments have difficulty meeting today's growing mental health needs. For the highly prevalent posttraumatic stress (PTS) conditions, accumulating evidence suggests that writing therapy may constitute an efficient treatment modality, especially when administered through the Internet. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of writing therapies for PTS and comorbid depressive symptoms.The literature was searched using several structured and unstructured strategies, including key word searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and PILOTS databases. Six studies met eligibility criteria and were included in the analyses. These studies included a total of 633 participants, of which 304 were assigned to writing therapy.Across 5 direct comparisons of writing therapy to waiting-list control, writing therapy resulted in significant and substantial short-term reductions in PTS and comorbid depressive symptoms. There was no difference in efficacy between writing therapy and trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, but we caution that this finding was based on only 2 direct comparisons.Writing therapy is an evidence-based treatment for PTS, and constitutes a useful treatment alternative for patients who do not respond to other evidence-based treatments. Internet adaptations of writing therapy for PTS may be especially useful for reaching trauma survivors in need of evidence-based mental health care who live in remote areas or who prefer to retain their anonymity.
Survival of a Patient with Spontaneous Lactic Acidosis
Authors: PHILIP B. OLIVA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The mortality of patients with spontaneous lactic acidosis has been exceedingly high. All nondiabetic patients with spontaneous lactic acidosis have died, and only a few diabetic patients have survived. The present report describes the complete recovery of a diabetic patient with severe spontaneous lactic acidosis. The clinical association of lactic acidosis with diabetes is reviewed. It is concluded that there is no clear evidence indicating an increased incidence or cause-and-effect relationship between spontaneous lactic acidosis and diabetes.
Morbidity and mortality of deep sedation in outpatient bone marrow biopsy
Authors: Christopher M. Burkle, Barry A. Harrison, Lisa F. Koenig, Paul A. Decker, David O. Warner, Dennis A. Gastineau
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Deep sedation is being provided at an increasing rate for patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy and aspiration (BMBA). The aim of this study was to establish the safety of deep sedation used for adults undergoing BMBA. A nonrandomized database analysis and retrospective review of patient records from January 1997 to December 2000 was performed; 5,811 patients were identified as having undergone their first outpatient BMBA. Outcome measures included 30‐day mortality and same‐day hospital admission; surrogate measures included need for a surgical procedure or receipt of red blood cells within the 48 hr following the BMBA. Patients who received intravenously administered midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol for maintenance of deep sedation plus infiltration of a local anesthetic ( n = 2,604; 45%) comprised the deep sedation group; those who received infiltration of a local anesthetic but no intravenous sedation or analgesia ( n = 3,207; 55%) comprised the local anesthesia group. Patients in the deep sedation group compared to those in the local anesthesia group were less likely to die within 30 days (0.69% vs. 1.34%, P = 0.018) and less likely to receive red blood cells (1.27% vs. 2.25%, P = 0.006). No other differences between the groups were found. Although the study was retrospective and nonrandomized, the results suggest that the use of deep sedation for outpatient BMBA is as safe as using local anesthesia. Am. J. Hematol. 77:250–256, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 5394: A high-throughput screening platform for the identification of small molecule inhibitors of MAP2K4
Authors: Sankar Narayan Krishna, Chi-Hao Luan, Matthew R. Clutter, Rama K. Mishra, Karl A. Scheidt, Wayne F. Anderson, Raymond C. Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second highest cause of cancer death in United States males. If the metastatic movement of PCa cells could be inhibited, then mortality from PCa could be greatly reduced. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4) has previously been shown to activate pro-invasion signaling pathways in human PCa. Recognizing that MAP2K4 represents a novel and validated therapeutic target, we sought to develop and characterize an efficient process for the identification of small molecules that target MAP2K4. Using a fluorescence-based thermal shift assay (FTS) assay, we first evaluated an 80 compound library of known kinase inhibitors, thereby identifying 8 hits that thermally stabilized MAP2K4 in a concentration dependent manner. We then developed two in vitro MAP2K4 kinase assays to evaluate kinase inhibitory function, one a western-blot based assay employing the biologically relevant downstream substrates, JNK1 and p38 MAPK, and the other an Alphascreen based activity assay. In this manner, we validated the performance of our initial FTS screen. Finally, by coupling our structure-activity relationship data to MAP2K4's crystal structure, we constructed a model for inhibitor binding. It predicted binding of our identified inhibitors to MAP2K4's ATP pocket. We next applied this approach in a high-throughput fashion to over 2200 chemically diverse compounds and identified new inhibitors of MAP2K4. Herein we report the creation of a robust inhibitor-screening platform with the ability to inform the discovery and design of new and potent MAP2K4 inhibitors. Citation Format: Sankar Narayan Krishna, Chi-Hao Luan, Matthew R. Clutter, Rama K. Mishra, Karl A. Scheidt, Wayne F. Anderson, Raymond C. Bergan. A high-throughput screening platform for the identification of small molecule inhibitors of MAP2K4. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5394. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5394
PRIMING WITH ERYTHROPOIETIN IMPROVES VASCULOGENIC POTENTIAL OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD STEM CELLS THAT ARE MOBILIZED WITH GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR
Authors: Jeehoon Kang, Ji-Yeon Yun, Jin Hur, Jin-A Kang, Si-Hyuck Kang, Woo-Hyun Lim, Jung-kyu Han, Han-Mo Yang, Young-Bae Park, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Th1-biased humoral immune responses against Wilms tumor gene WT1 product in the patients with hematopoietic malignancies
Authors: F Wu, Y Oka, A Tsuboi, O A Elisseeva, K Ogata, H Nakajima, F Fujiki, T Masuda, M Murakami, S Yoshihara, K Ikegame, N Hosen, M Kawakami, M Nakagawa, T Kubota, T Soma, T Yamagami, M Tsukaguchi, H Ogawa, Y Oji, T Hamaoka, I Kawase, H Sugiyama
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
A Prospective Study of Conventional and Expanded Coagulation Indices in Predicting Ulcer Bleeding After Variceal Band Ligation
Authors: Evandra Cristina Vieira da Rocha, Elbio Antonio D'Amico, Stephen Hugh Caldwell, Tania Rubia Flores da Rocha, Cristina Simões Solon Soares E Silva, Valdinelia Dos Santos Bomfim, Guilherme Felga, Walnei Fernandes Barbosa, Fabio Kassab, Demerson Andre Polli, Flair Jose Carrilho, Alberto Queiroz Farias
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
SPONTANEOUS PERFORATION OF COLON IN ABSENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION
Authors: Mandel Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Spontaneous perforation of the colon in the absence of a contributing factor, such as disease of the bowel, or hernia, is an occurrence of extreme rarity. Wilensky and Kaufman<sup>1</sup>recorded a case of sudden perforation of the intestine following the lifting of a 150 lb. stone. The presence of an inguinal hernia in their patient was assumed to be the contributing cause. This unusual case afforded them an opportunity to thoroughly review the literature and to include almost every similar case reported up to 1937, a total of 42 cases. In every case uncovered, the perforation was associated with: diverticulitis, prolapse of the rectum, intestinal adhesions, carcinoma and tuberculosis of the bowel, typhoid, hernia, or some other pathological condition. Inguinal hernia was the most frequent accompaniment of spontaneous intestinal perforation. In 1942, Berman and Rosner<sup>2</sup>reviewed the more recent literature and reported another case of rupture of the