tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0298 Nailfold Capillaroscopic Alterations in Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis
Authors: A. Manfredi, M. Sebastiani, G. Cassone, N. Pipitone, D. Giuggioli, M. Colaci, C. Salvarani, C. Ferri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Inflammatory myopathies (IM) are a group of acquired muscle diseases with heterogeneous features occurring both in children and adults. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NVC) alterations are described in IM, but their frequency, typical features and possible correlation with clinical and serological data are not well defined, including the differences between in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and characteristics of capillaroscopic changes in patients with PM or DM and to look for a possible correlation with clinical and serological features <h3>Methods</h3> We analyzed fifty-three unselected, consecutive patients affected by IM in a cross-sectional study over a period of 6 months. NVC findings of 29 DM and 24 PM patients were compared with those of 53 patients with primary Raynaud9s phenomenon, matched by age and gender, from the same geographic area. Tortuosities, enlarged and giant capillaries, micro-haemorrhages, ramified capillaries were scored by a semi-quantitative rating scale (0=no changes, 1 = less than 33% of capillary alterations/reduction, 2 = 33–66% of capillary alterations/reduction, 3 = more than 66% of capillary alterations/reduction, per linear millimeter); disorganization of the vascular array, avascular areas and scleroderma pattern were scored as presence/absence. Capillary loss was scored as 0 (≥7 capillaries/mm), 1 (4-6 capillaries/mm), or 2 (≤3 capillaries/mm) <h3>Results</h3> PM and DM patients were similar with regard to sex, mean age and mean disease duration. Major capillaroscopic alterations, namely disorganization of the vascular array, enlarged and giant capillaries, capillary loss, and scleroderma-like pattern were observed in IM patients, not in controls. Significant differences were observed between PM and DM with higher frequency and mean score of NVC changes in DM patients (see table) Capillary loss and giant capillaries were more frequent in patients with diagnosis of DM ≤6 months (p not significant) <h3>Conclusions</h3> Consistently with the different pathogenesis of DM and PM, our study suggests that capillaroscopic alterations are clearly identified only in DM patients as expression of diffuse microangiopathy mainly capillary loss, enlarged and ramified capillaries; surprisingly more severe changes were associated to shorter disease duration, while persistence of ramified capillaries with long-standing disease <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4305
Direct to consumer medical tests are offered in United States
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

“Internet companies and some hospitals in the United States are offering medical tests directly to consumers without the need for a doctor's recommendation, reports the Wall Street Journal (20 Jun, p D4).

Although welcomed by consumers' groups, the move has sparked concerns among doctors about patients' ability to interpret results and about legal implications.

Gene Herbek, head of the pathology centre at Methodist Hospital in Omaha, Nebraska, told the BMJ that his hospital would begin offering tests within a few weeks at two walk-in clinics. Its tests include those for blood glucose …
Bilateral Corneal Abrasions from Airbag Deployment
Authors: Ryan James Fante, Jonathan D Trobe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 17-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with blurred vision and the sensation of a foreign body in both eyes immediately after being in a motor vehicle accident in which airbags were deployed. The patient, a passenger, was wearing a seatbelt when the accident occurred.
Restenosis after transluminal coronary angioplasty detected with exercise-gated radionuclide ventriculography
Authors: E. Gordon DePuey, Louis L. Leatherman, Robert D. Leachman, Wayne E. Dear, Edward K. Massin, Virendra S. Mathur, John A. Burdine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)
Designing the Death Out of Balloons
Authors: Susan Pardee Baker, K. Halperin
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Dr Rimell and his colleagues<sup>1</sup>deserve accolades for their exemplary research on childhood choking, which appears in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>. It is valuable to have suggestions for changes in regulations based on specific data and to have evidence that long objects with round components are hazardous even when they meet current standards. A staff report to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) in 1987 identified as hazardous not only round (spherical) but also teardrop-shaped objects and cones and pointed out that many objects involved in chokings were too large to fit into the test cylinder,<sup>2</sup>suggesting a need to increase the minimum size specified in the regulations. Rimell et al also found 14 objects that met current standards but caused choking deaths and suggest increasing minimal size standards. Long objects with round components could also be tested using the test fixture for rattles, which is larger in
Lymphopericardium with Hypoproteinemia, Intestinal Loss of Protein, and Congenital Defects of the Lymphatic System
Authors: F. G. J. OFFERIJNS, K. J. VAN DER VEEN, D. DURRER, B. G. ZIEDSES DES PLANTES
Journal: Circulation (1969)

In the case of the 19-year-old girl reported, lymphopericardium was associated with congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system and with gastrointestinal loss of protein secondary to intestinal lymphangiectasia. No communication with the thoracic duct was found.
Diagnostic Role of Bundle-Branch Block
Authors: Arthur Selzer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with bundle-branch block (BBB) are based on a delay in the transmission of impulses to one of the ventricles, causing its asymmetrical activation. It is customary to divide such blocks into complete and incomplete forms, the former arbitrarily based on duration of the QRS complexes of more than 0.1 seconds, and the latter on QRS duration of 0.1 seconds or less. <h3>Left Bundle-Branch Block</h3> Left BBB usually shifts the extremity leads<sup>1</sup>axis to the left and superiorly and produces deep QS-waves in right precordial leads and broad R-waves in left precordial leads. Left BBB completely rearranges the mode of ventricular activation, so that if preblock tracings showed such abnormalities as ventricular hypertrophy or myocardial infarction, these are no longer identifiable in the presence of BBB. Incomplete left BBB resembles pronounced forms of left ventricular hypertrophy; according to some views<sup>1</sup>a conduction defect causing incomplete left
Removal of erythrocyte membrane iron in vivo ameliorates the pathobiology of murine thalassemia.
Authors: P V Browne, O Shalev, F A Kuypers, C Brugnara, A Solovey, N Mohandas, S L Schrier, R P Hebbel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Abnormal deposits of free iron are found on the cytoplasmic surface of red blood cell (RBC) membranes in beta-thalassemia. To test the hypothesis that this is of importance to RBC pathobiology, we administered the iron chelator deferiprone (L1) intraperitoneally to beta-thalassemic mice for 4 wk and then studied RBC survival and membrane characteristics. L1 therapy decreased membrane free iron by 50% (P = 0.04) and concomitantly improved oxidation of membrane proteins (P = 0.007), the proportion of RBC gilded with immunoglobulin (P = 0.001), RBC potassium content (P < 0.001), and mean corpuscular volume (P < 0.001). Osmotic gradient ektacytometry confirmed a trend toward improvement of RBC hydration status. As determined by clearance of RBC biotinylated in vivo, RBC survival also was significantly improved in L1-treated mice compared with controls (P = 0.007). Thus, in vivo therapy with L1 removes pathologic free iron deposits from RBC membranes in murine thalassemia, and causes improvement in membrane function and RBC survival. This result provides in vivo confirmation that abnormal membrane free iron deposits contribute to the pathobiology of thalassemic RBC.
Detection of a Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas With F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Jong-Kang Lee, Yeu-Sheng Tyan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Solid pseudopapillary tumor (Frantz's tumor) of the pancreas is a rare lesion with low malignant potential, affecting primarily young women. The authors report the detection of a solid pseudopapillary tumor by F-18 FDG positron emission tomography. FDG PET imaging showed increased fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the tumor.
Surgical Valvotomy and Repair for Neonatal and Infant Congenital Aortic Stenosis Achieves Better Results Than Interventional Catheterization
Authors: Javariah Siddiqui, Christian P. Brizard, John C. Galati, Ajay J. Iyengar, Darren Hutchinson, Igor E. Konstantinov, Gavin R. Wheaton, James M. Ramsay, Yves d'Udekem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
DNA methyltransferase 1 and DNA methylation patterning contribute to germinal center B-cell differentiation
Authors: Rita Shaknovich, Leandro Cerchietti, Lucas Tsikitas, Matthias Kormaksson, Subhajyoti De, Maria E. Figueroa, Gianna Ballon, Shao Ning Yang, Nils Weinhold, Mark Reimers, Thomas Clozel, Karin Luttrop, Tomas J. Ekstrom, Jared Frank, Aparna Vasanthakumar, Lucy A. Godley, Franziska Michor, Olivier Elemento, Ari Melnick
Journal: Blood (2011)
Alterations in estrogen levels during development affects the skeleton: use of an animal model.
Authors: S Migliaccio, R R Newbold, J A McLachlan, K S Korach
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Exposure to estrogens during various stages of development has been shown to irreversibly influence responsive target organs. The recent finding of the presence of estrogen receptor in both osteoblasts and osteoclasts has suggested a direct role of steroid hormones on bone tissue. Furthermore, estrogens have important effects on bone turnover in both humans and experimental animal models. Thus, this tissue is now regarded as a specific estrogen target tissue. To investigate whether a short-term developmental exposure to estrogens can influence bone tissue, we have injected female mice with diethylstilbestrol (DES) from day 1 through day 5 of life. Additionally, a group of pregnant female mice were injected with different doses of DES from day 9 through 16 of pregnancy. Mice were then weaned at 21 days of age, and effects on bone tissue of the female mice were evaluated in adulthood (7-12 months of age). These short-term treatments did not affect body weight of exposed mice. However, a dose-dependent increase in bone mass, both in the trabecular and compact compartments, was observed in the DES-exposed female offspring. Furthermore, femurs from DES-exposed females were shorter than femurs from controls. A normal skeletal mineralization accompanied these changes in the bone tissue. In fact, a parallel increase in total calcium content of the skeleton was found in concomitance with the increase in bone mass. Estrogen treatment induced an increase in the amount of mineralized skeleton when compared to untreated controls. In summary, this report shows that alterations of estrogen levels during development can influence the early phases of bone tissue development inducing permanent changes in the skeleton. These changes appear to be related to bone cell programming in early phases of life.
Clinical Laboratory Methods
Authors: Rex B. Conn
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The history of the clinical laboratory is mirrored in textbooks describing laboratory methods. In the preface to the first edition of this book published in 1936, Dr W. E. Bray stated, "The object of this synopsis is to bring together in a small volume for ready reference the more recent information and the most frequently used methods of laboratory diagnosis." Dr Bauer, with Dr Gelson Toro and Dr Philip G. Ackermann, assumed editorial responsibility for the sixth edition in 1962, and since then he has adhered to Dr Bray's objective, much to the benefit of the many users of this textbook. Over the past 20 years, tests such as the basal metabolic rate and entire chapters, such as one on water and milk examination, have disappeared, to be replaced by descriptions of the human leukocyte antigen system, methods for immunoglobulin measurements, and the use of chromogenic substrates to quantitate coagulation
Lispro Analog for Treatment of Generalized Allergy to Human Insulin
Authors: Dinesh Kumar
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical usefulness of the human insulin analog lispro in a patient with generalized allergy to human insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A 34-year-old obese female patient developed systemic allergic reactions to human insulin but tolerated insulin lispro. Sequential analyses of the anti-insulin IgE and IgG immunoglobulins were performed. RESULTS On intradermal test, the lispro insulin produced a 50% less intense wheal-flare response, compared with human insulin, which was presumed to be due to lispro's molecular form. The intradermal reactivity to both human and lispro insulins decreased with time and disappeared by week 25.125I-labeled lispro and human insulin binding antibody titers of both the IgE and IgG immunoglobulins were high initially, but decreased progressively, becoming very low by the end of 1 year. In in vitro immunoassay, thelispro and human insulins show a complete cross-reactivity. CONCLUSIONS Lispro may be useful for the management of allergy to human insulin. This analog of human insulin appears to have a reduced immunogenic potency.
Next Step in Specialization
Authors: Robert R. Cadmus
Journal: JAMA (1964)

EXPERIENCE should caution the unwary from making any sweeping predictions about the future of medical care. However, there is no evidence to indicate that the future will not be as fascinating as the past since our present accomplishments have been but a short prologue to things yet to come. If we fail to accurately predict the next 15 to 20 years, it will be because we have underestimated, not overestimated, the potential of this period. During such moments of speculation, the physician naturally ponders his place in this mosaic. With understandable self-interest, he asks, "What are the trends which will affect me? Where will I fit in?" Obviously, the detailed answers for any individual cannot be predicted, but I think that, for certain groups, some reasonable forecast might be made. Although the usual public image of medicine reflects a composite view of all physicians, the separate roles played by various
An Atlas of Anatomy Basic to Radiology
Authors: T. W. Staple
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A just evaluation of this encyclopedic work requires an understanding that it is an atlas of anatomy basic to radiology. As such, it describes the basic principles of many areas of a rapidly expanding subject. Radiologists particularly interested in specific subspecialties may quarrel with the author about some details and regret the lack of others. However, if one considers that an interpretation of any radiograph includes a knowledge of anatomy of the area, a knowledge of the manner in which the radiograph was made, and an ability to identify the structures on the radiograph, then the purpose of the book has been admirably met. The first three chapters deal with equipment and circuitry, protective measures, and the development of bone and maturation factors. They, perhaps, are written too simply for the recently trained, practicing radiologist. However, they may serve as a review and an introduction for firstyear residents in radiology.
New findings in black piedra infection
Authors: M.J. Figueras, J. Guarro, L. Zaror
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We provide clear evidence ol' the keratinolytic activity of this fungus at the cuticular and at the cortex level. Hairs with black piedra isolated from Brazilian Indians (Xingu) were investigated studying serial sections i'or light and transmission electron microscopy. The fungus showed a strong keratinolytic activity being able to destroy both the cuticle and the hair cortex. The sequence of degradation of the histological components of the hair followed a similar pattern lo ihat reported for dermatophytes and other keratinolytic fungi.
Creating a shared vision of out of hours care: using rapid appraisal methods to create an interagency, community oriented, approach to service development
Authors: J. Dale, C. Shipman, L. Lacock, M. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To undertake a district wide review of out of hours primary health care services and identify the views of users and providers about current arrangements and options for development. <b>Design</b>: A range of qualitative and quantitative survey methods based on rapid appraisal methods, modified to apply to an inner city district. <b>Setting</b>: Socially deprived, multiethnic district in south east London with a population of over 700 000. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Strengths and weaknesses of current out of hours services and suggestions for developments. <b>Results</b>: Widespread dissatisfaction with current arrangements was identified, with specific problems relating to access, availability, demand for services, and interagency communication. Several areas for development were identified, including the establishment of an out of hours cooperative, multiagency primary care emergency centres, and telephone advice-triage. Many of these are now being planned or piloted. <b>Conclusions</b>: Rapid appraisal provided a helpful method, enabling partnerships to be established between local agencies and users in relation to service development. The shared understanding and commitment to improving services that resulted is now having a major impact on out of hours care in the district. <h3>Key messages</h3> Considerable potential exists for improving the integration and communication between existing service providers Implementing new arrangements is likely to involve considerable change. Rapid appraisal provides a methodology for eliciting and interpreting the views of a broad range of local stakeholders and involving them in decision making about new services Many suggestions for service developments were suggested in this study, and many are now being piloted or implemented
Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: The Jewish Doctor: A Narrative History
Authors: Michael Nathan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 November 1996Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: The Jewish Doctor: A Narrative HistoryMichael Nathan, MDMichael Nathan, MDMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-9-199611010-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail M Nevins. 159 pages. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson; 1996. $25.00. ISBN 1568215339. Order phone; telephone, 800-782-0015.What do we hope for in a historical review? I had hoped that this book would provide a history of Jewish physicians in the social context of their times, a view of their lives, and a coherent picture of their medical practices. The author promises a narrative approach and one based on social history more than on biography. Although his treatment of the material is broad, for the most part, this book falls short of the mark.The text is organized into 21 brief ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 9Page: 784KeywordsFallsHistory of medicine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiple microscopic pulmonary arteriovenous connections in the lungs presenting as cyanosis.
Authors: W MacNee, T A Buist, N D Finlayson, D Lamb, H C Miller, A L Muir, A C Douglas
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae havebeenwell described inthepublished reports'; theright toleft shunt produces arterial oxygen desaturation, cyanosis, finger clubbing, and murmursoverthelungfields. Mostarteriovenous fistulae arerelatively large andcanbediagnosed bypulmonary angiography.' Multiple smallpulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, ortelangiectasia, arerare,2 andusually occurin hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-RenduWebersyndrome). Veryrarely these fistulae areminute andmaynotberecognised bypulmonary angiography.3 Theassociation between chronic liver disease andmultiple pulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses isalso well recognised.4 5 Thepatient reported hereisunusual inthat hepresented withcyanosis andfinger clubbing without apparent cause. A subsequent diagnosis ofmultiple minute arteriovenous fistulae wasmadeon physiological andpathological grounds, withthelater discovery ofunderlying juvenile hepatic fibrosis with aberrant connections between thesystemic arterial andpulmonary venouscirculations. Casereport A 19yearoldboyhadfirst presented in1977aged 14after hisrelatives hadnoticed that hislips hadbecomebluein thepreceding three months. Hewassymptomfree, leda healthy andunrestricted life, andwasakeencompetitive sportsman. He gavenorelevant family history. He was thin, ofaverage height forhisage,anddeeply cyanosed andhadgross finger clubbing. Noother abnormality was noted ondetailed systematic examination. Thehaemoglobin was15.0 g/dl andthepacked cell volume 0.43. No abnormal haemoglobin pigments were detected. Results ofliver function tests andtheelectrocardiogram andchest radiograph werenormal. Vital capacity wasreduced (2.12 1,predicted 3.551). TLcowasreduced to36%ofthepredicted value. Remaining lung volumes werenormal. Pao2was7.7kPa(58mm Hg),Paco2 4.0 kPa(30mm Hg), pH7.48. Right andleft heart catheterisation, thelatter viaapatent foramen ovale, showed normal pressures andnoevidence ofanintracardiac shunt. Pulmonaryangiography showednothing was abnormal. Breathing 100%oxygen for15minutes produced onarterialoxygen saturation of100%andaPao2of47.6kPa(357
Intra-articular methotrexate. Clinical and laboratory study in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.
Authors: G H Hall, B J Jones, A C Head, V E Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

The effects of intra-articular methotrexate (MTX) were compared with saline in 20 patients with persistent knee effusions due to rheumatoid arthritis (15) and psoriasis (5) in a double-blind pilot study. Clinical improvement was seen in most patients given either MTX or saline and was attributed to joint irrigation during arthroscopy and the placebo effects. MTX had a local anti-inflammatory effect in the psoriatic arthropathies; the percentages of polymorphonuclear cells and pyroninophilic mononuclear cells in synovial fluids fell sharply. Intraarticular hydrocortisone acetate was not anti-inflammatory in 2 psoriatic patients treated subsequently. The anti-inflammatory action of MTX in joints may resemble its effectiveness in controlling the rash of psoriasis.