tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0459 Clinical Characteristics in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - Type of Patients with Adult-Onset Still’s Disease
Authors: H. Ichida, Y. Kawaguchi, T. Gono, Y. Ota, H. Yamanaka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an acute inflammatory disorder of unknown origin that characterized by high spiking fever, polyarthralgia, a salmon-pink skin rash, liver dysfunction and lymphoadenopathy. It is well known that a chronic and erosive arthritis is observed in a number of patients with AOSD, which sometimes may be resistant to a conventional steroid therapy. <h3>Objectives</h3> In the present study, we aimed to determine clinical features of chronic and erosive arthritis in patients with AOSD, and to establish a biomarker distinguishing them from all of patients with AOSD. <h3>Methods</h3> Seventy-three patients with AOSD who were treated in Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University enrolled in this study. The patients group consisted of 26 men and 47 women. We classified the patients with AOSD into 2 groups; rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-subtype (n = 16) who met the revised criteria of American College of Rheumatology clinical diagnostic criteria for RA and nonRA-subtype (n = 57) who didn't met it. <h3>Results</h3> Our results indicated that serum levels of ferritin and IL-18 were extremely high in patients with AOSD. In particular, serum levels of them were significantly higher in nonRA-subtype than those in RA-subtype, suggesting these biomarkers could be useful for predicting severe arthritis. To define the optimal cut-off point with the highest diagnostic accuracy, we performed ROC for distinct serum ferritin and IL-18 concentrations. The two subtypes were classified by serum ferritin of 1500ng/ml and serum IL-18 of 44 ng/ml. The autoantibodies including ANA, RF and anti-CCP antibody were not detected in most patients with either nonRA-subtype and RA-subtype. Wrist, knee, MCP, MTP joint arthralgia were more frequently observed and cervical spine, hip, DIP joint arthralgia and radiographic findings were more frequently observed than RA. Ankylosing carpal arthritis was observed in 8 patients of RA-subtype. Patients with ankylosing carpal arthritis were accompanied with organized pneumonia, and thrombotic-thrombocytopenic-purpura and two patients in them received the operation of joints. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our observations suggest that ferritin and IL-18 may be the useful biomarkers for predicting severe arthritis such like RA. The patterns of arthritis in patients with RA-subtype AOSD are different from those of true RA, and few patients with RA-subtype AOSD have rheumatoid factor or anti-CCP antibody. These findings strongly suppose that the etiology of AOSD with severe arthritis is distinct from true RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Expression of NF-kappaB in epidermis and the relationship between NF-kappaB activation and inhibition of keratinocyte growth
Authors: J. Takao, T. Yudate, A. Das, S. Shikano, M. Bonkobara, K. Ariizumi, P.D. Cruz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor involved in a number of signalling pathways in many cell types. NF-kappaB in mice has been implicated as an important regulator of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.To evaluate the role of NF-kappaB in keratinocyte growth in human beings, we examined its expression in keratinocytes both in culture and in situ, and studied the relationship between NF-kappaB activation and the inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation induced by known modulators of keratinocyte growth.The expression of subunits of the NF-kappaB family was examined in human skin, primary cultured keratinocytes and an immortalized keratinocyte line by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. NF-kB activation was examined in keratinocytes treated with various modulating agents by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (for DNA-binding activity) and by immunocytochemistry (nuclear translocation). The proliferative capacity of treated keratinocytes was also examined by 3H-thymidine incorporation, cell cycle analysis, and expression of Ki-67, a nuclear marker for cell proliferation. The involvement of NF-kappaB was assessed using sodium salicylate, which inhibits NF-kappaB activation.The NF-kappaB subunits, p50, p65, RelB, and c-Rel (but not p52), were detected in keratinocytes and in normal epidermis at mRNA and protein levels. The four subunits were expressed in a cytoplasmic (rather than a nuclear) pattern in both basal and suprabasal keratinocytes. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), tumour necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma each activated NF-kappaB and inhibited keratinocyte proliferation. Lipopolysaccharide and dexamethasone did not activate NF-kappaB and had the least effect on proliferation. Finally, a high concentration of calcium (Ca2+) and retinoic acid each failed to activate NF-kappaB, but were potent inhibitors of keratinocyte proliferation, respectively. PMA-induced cell cycle arrest of keratinocytes was blocked by pretreatment with sodium salicylate.NF-kappaB is constitutively expressed in a resting state in both human cultured keratinocytes and the epidermis. Activation of NF-kappaB is required for PMA-induced keratinocyte growth arrest.
Ablation of Remaining Functioning Thyroid Lobe With Radioiodine After Hemithyroidectomy for Carcinoma
Authors: EMIL ARAD, ROBERT E. OʼMARA, GEORGE A. WILSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Nineteen patients who had hemithyroidectomy as a surgical procedure for thyroid cancer were given radioiodine to ablate the residual hemithyroid. Two different protocols were used, with either a larger single dose or multiple smaller doses. Ablation was achieved in 28% with the single large dose approach and in 33% of patients given split doses of similar total amount. This response to the initial attempt at eradication of the residual normal hemithyroid is considerably lower than the accepted ablation rate with comparable doses administered to patients with small thyroid residues after total thyroidectomy. It is suggested that the effect of radioiodine treatment may relate inversely to the size of the thyroid remnant. Our findings also are in support of the surgical approach advocating total thyroidectomy for patients contemplating ablation of thyroid residues after surgery for thyroid carcinoma.
Smad7 Sensitizes Tumor Necrosis Factor–Induced Apoptosis through the Inhibition of Antiapoptotic Gene Expression by Suppressing Activation of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway
Authors: Suntaek Hong, Chan Lee, Seong-Jin Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Although tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces apoptosis and cell death in many tumor cells, some cancer cells are still resistant to the TNF-induced death signal. In this report, we showed that Smad7, an inhibitory Smad of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, can overcome the TNF resistance in human breast and gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of Smad7 induces the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and the activation of caspase cascade. Although c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling is involved in TNF-induced cell death, the expression of Smad7 does not synergize the activation of JNK. However, the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), the cell survival factor, is markedly decreased in Smad7-stable cells. Furthermore, the expression of antiapoptotic target genes of NF-κB is significantly reduced in accordance with the level of Smad7. In addition, Smad7 mediates the inhibitory activity of TGF-β on TNF-induced NF-κB activation and the synergistic activity of TGF-β on TNF-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that Smad7 sensitizes the tumor cells to TNF-induced apoptosis through the inhibition of expression of antiapoptotic NF-κB target genes. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9577–83]
Inheritance of primary articular chondrocalcinosis.
Authors: J Geerards, J K van der Korst
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) seek to enable people with movement disabilities to directly control prosthetic systems with their neural activity. Current high performance BMIs are driven by action potentials (spikes), but access to this signal often diminishes as sensors degrade over time. Decoding local field potentials (LFPs) as an alternative or complementary BMI control signal may improve performance when there is a paucity of spike signals. To date only a small handful of LFP decoding methods have been tested online; there remains a need to test different LFP decoding approaches and improve LFP-driven performance. There has also not been a reported demonstration of a hybrid BMI that decodes kinematics from both LFP and spikes. Here we first evaluate a BMI driven by the local motor potential (LMP), a low-pass filtered time-domain LFP amplitude feature. We then combine decoding of both LMP and spikes to implement a hybrid BMI. <h3>Approach</h3> Spikes and LFP were recorded from two macaques implanted with multielectrode arrays in primary and premotor cortex while they performed a reaching task. We then evaluated closed-loop BMI control using biomimetic decoders driven by LMP, spikes, or both signals together. <h3>Main Results</h3> LMP decoding enabled quick and accurate cursor control which surpassed previously reported LFP BMI performance. Hybrid decoding of both spikes and LMP improved performance when spikes signal quality was mediocre to poor. <h3>Significance</h3> These findings show that LMP is an effective BMI control signal which requires minimal power to extract and can substitute for or augment impoverished spikes signals. Use of this signal may lengthen the useful lifespan of BMIs and is therefore an important step towards clinically viable BMIs. <h3>Suggested PACS</h3> 87.19.L-Neuroscience 87.19.lu motor systems 87.19.rs Movement 87.19.R-Mechanical and electrical properties of tissues and organs 87.85.E-Neural Prosthetics 87.85.Wc Neural engineering 87.85.dd brain-machine interface 87.85.Ng Biological signal processing <h3>IOP Subjects</h3> Medical Physics, Biological Physics
Safety and antigenicity of non-adjuvanted and MF59-adjuvanted influenza A/Duck/Singapore/97 (H5N3) vaccine: a randomised trial of two potential vaccines against H5N1 influenza
Authors: Karl G Nicholson, Anthony E Colegate, Audino Podda, Iain Stephenson, John Wood, Ellen Ypma, Maria C Zambon
Journal: The Lancet (2001)
Reflections on a medical childhood
Authors: A. Lloyd-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

My father stopped working as a general practitioner just after my first birthday. Initially, I do not think that he knew what was wrong. My mother recalled a medical conference in the bathroom between two of his partners and a specialist. Later, he saw a neurologist at Queen's Square and he was diagnosed as having postencephalitic Parkinsonism. He was 41.

General practice was his livelihood as well as his hobby, and he was enthusiastic about the new NHS. In 1939 he had gone straight from medical school into the army and he and my mother had a wartime marriage in 1944, with one smuggled bottle of champagne at the reception.

By the time my memory of my father begins things were already quite bad. To me and my sister he was always kind, cheerful, and encouraging. His disabilities, however, were extreme for a young man. Like many people with Parkinson's disease if he walked he ran, if he ran he fell, and if he fell that was it. He remained determined to lead as normal a life as possible, but bodily functions were difficult when we were out. Until I was 6 my mother would accompany him to the lavatory as he was unable to unbutton his trousers. He could walk, but always had to be steadied.

He acquired one …
A Matter of Time
Authors: Robert C. Lloyd
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lenses and Neck Pain
Authors: Frederick Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> When patients come to an outpatient clinic complaining of neck pain, it is often possible to obtain a history of recent change to bifocal or trifocal lenses. Such lenses, by causing hyperextension of the neck, have been proposed as causes of cervical pain,<sup>1-3</sup>although no studies have confirmed this relationship. To seek evidence for such an association, we undertook a preliminary survey of 1,000 consecutive patients seen in an outpatient rheumatic disease clinic, including 74 with primary complaints of neck pain, 248 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 208 with osteoarthritis, tabulating the frequency of neck pain and the type of lenses worn. We were unable to discern any statistical relationship between the type of lenses used and the presence of neck pain in the group as a whole or in any of the subgroups after correcting for the effects of age and sex. Although it is possible
Abstract B46: Immunotherapy of solid tumors with IgE antibodies: Paradigm of a novel concept towards clinical application.
Authors: Sophia N. Karagiannis, Debra H. Josephs, Panagiotis Karagiannis, Louise Saul, Amy E. Gilbert, Tihomir Dodev, Alexander Koers, Philip J. Blower, Andrew J. Beavil, Frank O. Nestle, James F. Spicer, Hannah J. Gould
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Developing therapeutic antibodies with enhanced effector functions may be key to improving clinical outcomes in cancer. Our strategy to address this entails engineering antibodies directly targeting tumor antigens and bearing Fc regions of the IgE antibody class. Numerous attributes of this class, such as natural immune activatory functions in tissues and high affinity for cognate receptors on frequently tumor-resident effector cells can translate into effector cell activation and superior protection against solid tumors, compared to the conventionally-used antibodies with IgG Fc regions. We have developed a paradigm for this concept, the antibody MOv18 IgE, against the tumor antigen Folate Receptor α. This agent is presently prepared for first-in-man clinical studies, having demonstrated superior efficacy compared to the corresponding IgG1 antibody in three in vivo models of cancer, including one in an immunocompetent host. The antibody also yielded very promising safety profiles in in vivo evaluations, and also in ex vivo readouts normally applied in the field of allergy to examine sensitivity to allergens. The latter studies, conducted using cancer patient blood, suggest that this antibody is unlikely to trigger Type I hypersensitivity in patients. We have now extended the pathway to the design of similarly potent antibodies for the treatment of other solid tumors such as malignant melanoma and breast carcinoma. Two antibodies with Fc regions of the IgG1 and IgE classes and the same specificity for CSPG4, a tumor antigen expressed by 80% of melanomas, were tested in a xenograft model of human melanoma in a humanized host, with evident superior efficacy for the IgE counterpart. On-going evaluations and planned clinical studies in patients with cancer will constitute important metrics of the concept of IgE antibodies in cancer therapy, will inform the emerging field of AllergoOncology and will provide new scope for the design of novel cancer therapies. Citation Format: Sophia N. Karagiannis, Debra H. Josephs, Panagiotis Karagiannis, Louise Saul, Amy E. Gilbert, Tihomir Dodev, Alexander Koers, Philip J. Blower, Andrew J. Beavil, Frank O. Nestle, James F. Spicer, Hannah J. Gould. Immunotherapy of solid tumors with IgE antibodies: Paradigm of a novel concept towards clinical application. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B46.
Executive Function in Patients with Remitted Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia and Its Relationship with Functional Outcome
Authors: A. Martínez-Arán, R. Penadés, E. Vieta, F. Colom, M. Reinares, A. Benabarre, M. Salamero, C. Gastó
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

Recent studies have reported that differences in cognitive performance between schizophrenic and bipolar patients seem to be smaller than expected. Patients with schizophrenia have consistently shown frontal executive dysfunctions, but studies regarding executive abilities in bipolar patients are scarce and discrepant. As executive function has been associated with psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia, we wanted to investigate if such a relationship is also present in bipolar disorder and the differences between the two groups.Executive function was assessed in 49 euthymic (at least 6 months in remission, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale < or = 8 and Young Mania Rating Scale < or = 6) bipolar and in 49 schizophrenic, residual-type (with at least 1 year without acute exacerbation and predominant negative symptomatology) patients, by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), FAS Test (COWAT) and Trail Making Test. Baseline clinical and psychosocial variables were controlled and psychopathology evaluated by means of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).The two groups showed a similar pattern of cognitive deficits in tests of executive function, except for the number of categories achieved in the WCST, which was significantly lower in the schizophrenic group (F = 7.26; p = 0.009). Functional outcome was predicted by the negative syndrome (PANSSN) and perseverative errors (WCST) in schizophrenic patients, and general psychopathology (PANSSG) was the best predictor of functional outcome in the bipolar group.Executive function was a good predictor of functional outcome in the schizophrenic group, whereas clinical variables were more predictive of the bipolar one. Patterns of cognitive disturbances in tasks of executive function are similar in both groups but quantitatively more marked in schizophrenia.
The Royal College of Lay People
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We are pleased to announce a new royal college, the first for almost three months. The Royal College of Lay People (RCLP) aims to bring together all those who make decisions on health care in the United Kingdom. Opinion polls tell us that the public still believes that such matters should be left to doctors and that quangos are less trustworthy than medical colleges. The RCLP has been founded to correct these misperceptions and invites applications for the following …
Congenital Capillary Hemangiomas of the Parotid Gland
Authors: J. S. Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE diagnostically significant fact that "vascular tumours are the characteristic tumours of the parotid gland in the first year of life"1 , 2 has been omitted from many standard medical textbooks, is underemphasized in published reports dealing directly with hemangiomas of the parotid gland and appears to form no part of the average physician's information concerning parotid disease. For these reasons 3 cases of congenital capillary hemangioma of the parotid gland are added to 58 cases already reported. Table 1 summarizes the clinical data.Case ReportsCase 1.‡ A female infant was first noted to have an enlargement in the left parotid region at . . .
Letter: Carpal tunnel syndrome and tennis elbow.
Authors: R H Robins
Journal: BMJ (1976)

immunity was found in our subsequent studies involving other groups of native and immi- grant children in this area and of other Scottish mainland and island populations."The lesson remains, however, that immunity is generally less than satisfactory.Antibody surveys are essential monitors of susceptibility; the unacceptable alternative is to wait for the appearance of cases to signal gaps in immunity.
Sustained Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Keith H. Newby, Trevor Thompson, Amanda Stebbins, Eric J. Topol, Robert M. Califf, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) occur in up to 20% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and have been associated with a poor prognosis. The relationships among the type of arrhythmia (VT versus VF or both), time of VT/VF occurrence, use of thrombolytic agents, and eventual outcome are unclear.In the GUSTO-I study, we examined variables associated with the occurrence of VT/VF and its impact on mortality. Of the 40 895 patients with ventricular arrhythmia data, 4188 (10.2%) had sustained VT, VF, or both. Older age, systemic hypertension, previous MI, Killip class, anterior infarct, and depressed ejection fraction were associated with a higher risk of sustained VT and VF (P<0.001). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were higher among patients with sustained VT/VF than among patients without sustained ventricular arrhythmias (P<0.001). Both early (<2 days) and late (>2 days) occurrences of sustained VT and VF were associated with a higher risk of later mortality (P<0. 001). In addition, patients with both VT and VF had worse outcomes than those with either VT or VF alone (P<0.001). Among patients who survived hospitalization, no significant difference was found in 30-day mortality between the VT/VF and no VT/VF groups. However, after 1 year, the mortality rate was significantly higher in the VT alone and VT/VF groups (P<0.0001).Despite the use of thrombolytic therapy, both early and late occurrences of sustained VT or VF continue to have a negative impact on patient outcome; patients with both VT and VF had the worst outcome; and among patients who survived hospitalization, the 1-year mortality rate was significantly higher in those who experienced VT alone or VT and VF.
Nigeria postpones programme of polio immunisation
Authors: Abiodun Raufu
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Nigeria has postponed its nationwide poliomyelitis immunisation programme for several months, after criticism by the country's Muslim population of the safety of the vaccines being given to children. The move is ostensibly to allow time to resolve the controversy surrounding the immunisation exercise.

According to the press release signed by Wosilat Giwa, the director of communications and essential services of the national programme on immunisation, the exercise scheduled to have taken place from 22 to 25 May 2004, has been postponed until September 2004.

Although no reason was given for the postponement, it is believed …