tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus type 26 infection causing multiple invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the fingernails in an AIDS patient under highly active antiretroviral therapy
Authors: A. Handisurya, A. Rieger, A. Bankier, A. Koller, A. Salat, G. Stingl, R. Kirnbauer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Human papillomavirus type 26 infection causing multiple invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the fingernails in an AIDS patient under highly active antiretroviral therapy Get access A. Handisurya, A. Handisurya Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Rieger, A. Rieger Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Bankier, A. Bankier Department of Radiology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Koller, A. Koller Department of Pathology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Salat, A. Salat Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Stingl, G. Stingl Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Kirnbauer R. Kirnbauer Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases Correspondence: Reinhard Kirnbauer. E‐mail: reinhard.kirnbauer@meduniwien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 4, 1 October 2007, Pages 788–794, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08094.x Published: 01 October 2007
Dengue in the Caribbean
Authors: Jeffrey L. Lennon
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article on dengue fever in the United States by Malison and Waterman (1983; 249:496), no reference to either imported cases from the Dominican Republic or dengue outbreaks there was cited. I find this unusual, since all of its neighboring countries reported cases and the Dominican Republic is the second largest country in the Caribbean. With a sizable Dominican population (estimated at 400,000) in New York City that frequently travels to and from the Dominican Republic, one may reasonably assume that there may have been numerous undiagnosed cases of dengue in the New York area. It should be noted that nine cases of dengue were confirmed in New York in 1981.<sup>1</sup> Finally, having been personally familiar with cases of dengue in the Dominican Republic in 1980, I believe that the same situation may have remained unchanged there in 1981. This is said not to hinder
The left ventricular end-systolic pressure-dimension relation in patients with thalassemia major. A new noninvasive method for assessing contractile state.
Authors: K M Borow, R Propper, F Z Bierman, S Grady, A Inati
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Transfusion-dependent patients with thalassemia major (TM) are at an extremely high risk for cardiomyopathy.Traditional tests of left ventricular (LV) systolic function performed in these patients do not distinguish derangements in loading conditions from abnormalities in contractile state.In this study, we used the LV end-systolic pressure dimension (PES-DEs) relation, which is independent of preload, incorporates afterload and is highly sensitive to contractile state, to assess LV performance in 20 asympto- matic, chronically transfused patients, ages 7-25 years, with TM.All patients had normal resting systolic time intervals and exercise duration on treadmill.Baseline resting percent fractional shortening (% AD) on M-mode echocardiography (echo) was normal in 14 patients (group 1) and abnormal in six patients (group 2).Echo and carotid pulse recordings were made at rest and during i.v.infusion of methoxamine to alter LV afterload.DE was measured directly from echo; PES was estimated from a calibrated carotid pulse tracing.The value for the slope of the PES-DES line was calculated for each patient.Values more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for 14 control subjects, ages 8-25 years, were defined as abnormal.All group 2 patients and four of 14 group 1 patients had abnormal slopes.All patients younger than 13 years of age had normal slopes, while all seven patients 15 years or older had abnormal values.Three of seven patients ages [13][14][15] years had depressed slopes.On clinical follow-up (mean 12 ± 3 months), two of 10 patients with abnormal slopes developed overt signs of LV decompensation; all other patients remained asymptomatic.The noninvasive determination of the LV PES-DEs relation in patients with TM appears to identify preclinical LV dysfunction not evident from resting or dynamic exercise studies.This test may be useful clinically for monitoring LV contractility in response to therapeutic interventions.Because of its insensitiv- ity to loading conditions, it may have widespread clinical applicability for other patients at risk for cardiomyopathy, including those with chronic LV volume overload from valvular regurgitation.
Spring Books: Classic approach to science of mental life
Authors: D. R. Davis
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Vigorous developments were taking place in 1890, when William James's Principles of Psychology was published after 12 years' gestation.Psychology had already started to establish itself as a discipline distinct from philosophy.Wundt had founded in 1879 the first laboratory devoted to the experimental study of sensation, memory, and learning.Francis Galton's Inquiries into Human Faculty and its Development had appeared in 1883.Lloyd Morgan, whose Animal Life and Intelligence was published in 1890, and E L Thorndike-Animal Intelligence in 1898-were leading psychology into comparative studies of learning in detours and mazes.Studies of the effects of localised brain lesions on mental functions were being pioneered by David Ferrier, Hermann Munk, and Hughlings Jackson, among others.Psychoanalysis, with its concept of the unconscious, was just over the horizon.The Principles, meeting the needs of a time of growing preoccupation with the inner life in philosophy, literature, and the arts, was immediately recognised as a classic and of lasting importance because it offered an approach to "the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions."This approach was more attractive than either the older, faculty psychology or the newer, experimental psychology, with its interests then in elementary sensations and associations.Its strength lay in its descriptions of "the feelings, desires, cognitions, reasonings, decisions and the like" as the results of "looking into our minds and reporting what we there discover," and as part and parcel of the experience of its readers.Writers, notably Virginia Woolf and James Joyce-for example, in Molly Bloom's interior monologue-seized on James's description of the "stream of consciousness," with its
Cost-effectiveness of Implantable Defibrillator as First-Choice Therapy Versus Electrophysiologically Guided, Tiered Strategy in Postinfarct Sudden Death Survivors
Authors: Eric F.D. Wever, Richard N.W. Hauer, Guus Schrijvers, Frans J.L. van Capelle, Jan G.P. Tijssen, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Ale Algra, Hemanth Ramanna, Patricia F.A. Bakker, Etienne O. Robles de Medina
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Rising costs of health care, partly as a result of costly therapeutic innovations, are of concern to both the medical profession and healthcare authorities. The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is still not remunerated by Dutch healthcare insurers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of early implantation of the ICD in postinfarct sudden death survivors. Methods and Results Sixty consecutive postinfarct survivors of cardiac arrest caused by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation were randomly assigned either ICD as first choice (n=29) or a tiered therapy starting with antiarrhythmic drugs and guided by electrophysiological (EP) testing (n=31). Median follow-up was 729 days (range, 3 to 1675 days). Fifteen patients died, 4 in the early ICD group and 11 in the EP-guided strategy group ( P =.07). For quantitative assessment, the cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated for both groups and expressed as median total costs per patient per day alive. Because effectiveness aspects other than mortality are not incorporated in this ratio, other factors related to quality of life were used as qualitative measures of cost-effectiveness. The cost-effectiveness ratios were $63 and $94 for the early ICD and EP-guided strategy groups, respectively, per patient per day alive. This amounts to a net cost-effectiveness of $11 315 per patient per year alive saved by early ICD implantation. Costs in the early ICD group were higher only during the first 3 months of follow-up, but as a result of the high proportion of therapy changes, including arrhythmia surgery and late ICD implantation, costs in the EP-guided strategy group became higher after that. Patients discharged with antiarrhythmic drugs as sole therapy had the lowest total costs. This subset, however, showed extremely high mortality, resulting in a poor cost-effectiveness ratio ($196 per day). Invasive therapies and hospitalization were the major contributors to costs. If quality-of-life measures are taken into account, the cost-effectiveness of early ICD implantation was even more favorable. Recurrent cardiac arrest and cardiac transplantation occurred in the EP-guided strategy group only, whereas exercise tolerance, total hospitalization duration, number of invasive procedures, and antiarrhythmic therapy changes were significantly in favor of early ICD implantation. Conclusions In terms of cost-effectiveness, early ICD implantation is superior to the EP-guided therapeutic strategy in postinfarct sudden death survivors.
THE EFFECT OF STATIN USE PRIOR TO ANGIOGRAPHY ON THE PREVENTION OF CONTRAST INDUCED NEPHROPATHY: A META-ANALYSIS OF 16 RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Keith Thompson, Yuh-Jer Shen, Roxana Mehran, Gregg Stone, Prakash Mansukhani, Vicken Aharonian, Naing Moore, Steven Khan, Anh Bui, Ming-Sum Lee, Somjot Brar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Etretinate treatment of severe cutaneous dysplasia in renal transplant recipients
Authors: D. Shuttleworth, J.R. Salaman, R. Marks
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

It is well recognized that patients who have undergone renal transplantation are at an increased risk of developing cutaneous malignancy. The incidence of this problem rises as survival time increases, and multiple dysplastic lesions may develop, especially on sun‐exposed sites. Conventional treatment by excision, curettage, cryotherapy or topical cytotoxic agents is often unsatisfactory because of the number and extent of lesions present. In non‐immunosuppressed patients, treatment with etretinate has been shown to be helpful in treating both basal cell carcinomas and solar keratoses. There are, however, no previous studies of its safety or efficacy in renal transplant patients who have developed dysplastic lesions, and the immuno‐adjuvant effect of retinoids is a potential limitation to this type of treatment. We have therefore undertaken a study in which patients with functioning renal allografts who had developed multiple dysplastic lesions were treated with etretinate, 1 mg/kg/day for a period of 6 months. Six patients (five males, one female), who had been immunosuppressed for between 166 and 240 months (mean 210 months), were entered into the study. All patients had histological evidence of severe epidermal dysplasia, and four patients had previously developed invasive squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, all patients had numerous viral warts, some of which showed evidence of dysplastic change. No deterioration of renal function was detected in any of the patients during treatment, as measured by serial plasma creatinine estimations. Circulating lymphocyte numbers were unaffected by treatment and there was no consistent change in the relative numbers of T helper or suppressor cells. Intradermal challenge with multiple antigens was undertaken at o and 6 months, and all patients remained completely anergic. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were monitored throughout the study, and only one patient had a rise in lipid values which did not respond to dietary manipulation. Four patients had almost complete clearing of hyperkeratotic lesions, one patient had a partial response, and one patient developed two further squamous cell carcinomas during treatment. Side‐effects were no more severe than those normally encountered with retinoid therapy. Etretinate appears to be a safe and useful treatment in this group of patients. Fears concerning its immuno‐modulating effects proved groundless, and its effects on a heavily suppressed immune system appear to be negligible.
Alexithymia and Pathological Gambling
Authors: Mark A. Lumley, Kevin J. Roby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1995)

Alexithymia is increased in addictive disorders such as alcoholism, cocaine abuse, and binge eating. Pathological gambling is a form of addictive disorder and may be influenced by alexithymia. We examined the association of alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale) and pathological gambling (South Oaks Gambling Screen) in 1,147 young adults; 3.1% were classified as pathological gamblers. Alexithymia was found in 31.4% of pathological gamblers, compared to 11.1% of controls; both affective and cognitive aspects of alexithymia were associated with gambling problems. The relationship was independent of depression and physical illness, and was found for both sexes, but only for Caucasians. Alexithymia may be a risk factor for pathological gambling in some populations.
T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Francesco Montella, Fiorella Di Sora, Carlo A. Perucci, Damiano D. Abeni, Olga Recchia
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Margolick et al<sup>1</sup>recently reported a median change in CD4 cell count of 7.47/μL per 6 months among HIV-1 infected IVDUs. No significant difference in loss of CD4 cells over time was observed between active users and ex-users. Previous reports in the United States<sup>2</sup>and in Italy<sup>3</sup>had revealed much higher rates of CD4 cell loss in IVDUs. The Multicenter Prospective HIV Study of Rome is collecting information on over 4000 HIV-1 seropositive IVDUs for a longitudinal study of the natural history of HIV-1 infection. We have analyzed data from the San Giovanni Hospital subcohort where 734 HIV-1 seropositive subjects have been clinically and immunologically evaluated since 1985. Of these, 495 had injection of drugs as their chief risk behavior for HIV-1 infection. As of January 31, 1992, a total of 280 IVDUs (56.6%) had returned for at least one follow-up visit and had
Mortality among Males in Periodic-Health-Examination Programs
Authors: Norbert J. Roberts, Johannes Ipsen, Katharine O. Elsom, Thomas W. Clark, Hiroshi Yanagawa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Abstract Between 1950 and 1964, 20,648 males, almost all white and mostly in managerial positions and upper socioeconomic levels, were examined in employer-sponsored periodic-health-examination programs at eight co-operating clinics. Over this period, involving more than 138,000 man-years of exposure to the risk of death, 1018 of the men died. In relation to the experience of reasonably comparable groups, the ratio of actual to expected deaths in the total population examined varied from 0.60 to 0.997. For men examined two or more times, the ratio varied from 0.48 to 0.81 for the total period of exposure to the risk of death, and from 0.57 to 0.92 for the period of exposure after the second examination. The data presented are compatible with a favorable influence of periodic health examinations on mortality experience, but do not allow conclusions of such an effect. They do encourage well controlled prospective studies of the question.
REQUEST FOR REPRINTS OF ARTICLES ON ORAL HYGIENE
Authors: Thaddeus P. Hyatt
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —For many years we have placed on file articles, reprints, leaflets and pamphlets on oral hygiene and related topics. This file is always open for the use of those interested in this work. Will authors and committees who publish such articles kindly place us on their mailing list? Due acknowledgment will be made of the receipt of such articles.
[496] SIX YEARS OF ON DEMAND LAM±ADV COMBINATION THERAPY SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF ESOPHAGEAL VARICES IN PATIENTS WITH HBeAg-NEGATIVE CIRRHOSIS
Authors: M. Iavarone, P. Lampertico, M. Vigano, E. Del Ninno, R. de Franchis, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Comparison of culprit lesions showing negative remodeling between acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris
Authors: Shoichi Ehara, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Daijyu Fukuda, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Shinichi Shimodozono, Hajime Yamashita, Kenei Shimada, Minoru Yoshiyama, Kazuhide Takeuchi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Makiko Ueda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The yin and yang of intestinal epithelial cells in controlling dendritic cell function
Authors: Iliyan D. Iliev, Gianluca Matteoli, Maria Rescigno
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

Recent work suggests that dendritic cells (DCs) in mucosal tissues are “educated” by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to suppress inflammation and promote immunological tolerance. After attack by pathogenic microorganisms, however, “non-educated” DCs are recruited from nearby areas, such as the dome of Peyer's patches (PPs) and the blood, to initiate inflammation and the ensuing immune response to the invader. Differential epithelial cell (EC) responses to commensals and pathogens may control these two tolorogenic and immunogenic functions of DCs.
Nasal peak inspiratory flow at altitude
Authors: P.W. Barry, N.P. Mason, J-P. Richalet
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

The present study investigated whether there are changes in nasal peak inspiratory flow (NPIF) during hypobaric hypoxia under controlled environmental conditions. During operation Everest III (COMEX '97), eight subjects ascended to a simulated altitude of 8,848 m in a hypobaric chamber. NPIF was recorded at simulated altitudes of 0 m, 5,000 m and 8,000 m. Oral peak inspiratory and expiratory flow (OPIF, OPEF) were also measured. Ambient air temperature and humidity were controlled. NPIF increased by a mean±sd of 16±12% from sea level to 8,000 m, whereas OPIF increased by 47±14%. NPIF rose by 0.085±0.03 L·s −1 per kilometre of ascent (p&lt;0.05), significantly less than the rise in OPIF and OPEF of 0.35±0.10 and 0.33±0.04 L·s −1 per kilometre (p&lt;0.0005). Nasal peak inspiratory flow rises with ascent to altitude. The rise in nasal peak inspiratory flow with altitude was far less than oral peak inspiratory flow and less than the predicted rise according to changes in air density. This suggests flow limitation at the nose, and occurs under controlled environmental conditions, refuting the hypothesis that nasal blockage at altitude is due to the inhalation of cold, dry air. Further work is needed to determine if nasal blockage limits activity at altitude.
Network of high quality cancer hospitals is planned for India
Authors: S. Bhaumik
Journal: BMJ (2013)

India’s national cancer grid, first proposed in 2010 by the Department of Atomic Energy, is finally taking shape under the leadership of Tata Memorial Hospital in Mumbai—the nation’s most respected institute for specialist cancer treatment and research.

Tata Memorial Hospital started as a private philanthropy commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust in 1941 and is currently being run with support from the Indian government’s Department of Atomic Energy. It treats about 43 000 new patients annually from all over India and neighbouring countries. …
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Sirtuin 1 Protects Against DNA Damage and Inhibits Atherosclerosis
Authors: Isabelle Gorenne, Sheetal Kumar, Kelly Gray, Nichola Figg, Haixiang Yu, John Mercer, Martin Bennett
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in human atherosclerosis manifest extensive DNA damage and activation of the DNA damage response, a pathway that coordinates cell cycle arrest and DNA repair, or can trigger apoptosis or cell senescence. Sirtuin 1 deacetylase (SIRT1) regulates cell ageing and energy metabolism and regulates the DNA damage response through multiple targets. However, the direct role of SIRT1 in atherosclerosis and how SIRT1 in VSMCs might regulate atherosclerosis are unknown.SIRT1 expression was reduced in human atherosclerotic plaques and VSMCs both derived from plaques and undergoing replicative senescence. SIRT1 inhibition reduced DNA repair and induced apoptosis, in part, through reduced activation of the repair protein Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome-1 but not p53. Fat feeding reduced SIRT1 and induced DNA damage in VSMCs. VSMCs from mice expressing inactive truncated SIRT1 (Δex4) showed increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced DNA damage and senescence. ApoE(-/-) mice expressing SIRT1(Δex4) only in smooth muscle cells demonstrated increased DNA damage response activation and apoptosis, increased atherosclerosis, reduced relative fibrous cap thickness, and medial degeneration.SIRT1 is reduced in human atherosclerosis and is a critical regulator of the DNA damage response and survival in VSMCs. VSMC SIRT1 protects against DNA damage, medial degeneration, and atherosclerosis.
Increased von Willebrand factor binding to platelets in single episode and recurrent types of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Thomas W. Chow, Nancy A. Turner, Murali Chintagumpala, Patsy D. McPherson, Leticia H. Nolasco, Lawrence Rice, J. David Hellums, Joel L. Moake
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Extensive microvascular platelet aggregation is characteristic of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Previous studies have indicated that abnormalities of von Willebrand factor (vWf) are often present in TTP patient plasma. There has not been previously any direct evidence linking these abnormalities to the process of intravascular platelet aggregation in TTP. We used flow cytometry to analyze the binding of vWf to single platelets, and the presence of platelet aggregates, in the blood of 4 children with chronic relapsing (CR) TTP and 5 adults with single episode or recurrent TTP. vWf on the single platelets of CRTTP patients at all time points studied was significantly increased compared to controls, and was increased further as platelet counts decreased to levels below 40,000/μl. The single episode and recurrent adult TTP patients had platelet aggregates in the blood, as well as increased vWf on single platelets, before therapy commenced and thereafter until recovery was in process. In the one unresponsive single episode TTP patient, vWf on single platelets remained elevated, and platelet aggregates persisted, until her death. The platelet α-granular protein, P-selectin, was not increased on the single platelets of most TTP blood samples, suggesting that it is vWf from plasma (rather than from α-granules) that attaches to platelet surfaces in association with platelet aggregation. These results suggest that vWf-platelet interactions are involved in the platelet clumping process that characterizes TTP. Am. J. Hematol. 57:293–302, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.