tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE ANTITOXIN TREATMENT OF TERTIAN MALARIAL INFECTIONS.
Authors: JOSEPH HERBERT FORD
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The observations here recorded are in sequence of others formerly made on this subject at Fort Reno, O. T.<sup>1</sup> In that series the antitoxin was developed by inoculating rabbits with defibrinated blood of patients harboring the parasite of tertian malaria (<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>) or by the bites of mosquitoes infected with that protozoön. Four patients in that series were treated with the hypodermic injections of defibrinated blood drawn from inoculated rabbits, one with serum, two with desiccated serum in salt solution and two with desiccated erythrocytes in salt solution. The injections of defibrinated blood and of desiccated erythrocytes and one injection of desiccated serum were followed by more or less prompt recovery. The undesiccated serum and serum in salt solution had been given in such small quantities (0.75 gm. and 0.50 gm., respectively) that no result could reasonably have been expected. In the present series the animals employed were monkeys,
Health reforms abandoned due to lack of funds, say hospital doctors
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Eight out of 10 hospital consultants in England initiated changes aimed at improving patient care during the past year, according to a British Medical Association survey.

But six out of 10 (61%) say planned services had been abandoned or delayed, and 41% reported that patients were now waiting longer for some treatments or procedures.

More than half (56%) said that they or their colleagues were also having problems because clinically effective treatments or procedures were no longer available or were restricted.

More than 260 lead consultants took part in a …
Cancer: Beliefs and Attitudes of Migrant Latinos-Reply
Authors: Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In Reply.  —The results reported by Drs Lantz and Reding concerning Latino farmworkers support our findings from an urban working and middle-class Latino population. The greater misconceptions about cancer among migrant farmworkers would imply that educational attainment and level of acculturation have an important influence. To further evaluate the results shown, we would suggest that differences be calculated in confidence intervals (CIs) generated as in our original manuscript. Because of the smaller sample size of Latino farmworkers in Wisconsin, broader CIs are likely to be present. While these would appear to be significant compared with the San Francisco Bay Area Anglos, they may not be as dramatic when compared with the urban Latinos. In addition, a multivariate analysis to adjust for the educational attainment and level of acculturation would help interpret these results. We would agree that Latinos of different backgrounds can be targeted with a culturally appropriate cancer education
Glutamate Is a Positive Autocrine Signal for Glucagon Release
Authors: Over Cabrera, M. Caroline Jacques-Silva, Stephan Speier, Shao-Nian Yang, Martin Köhler, Alberto Fachado, Elaine Vieira, Juleen R. Zierath, Richard Kibbey, Dora M. Berman, Norma S. Kenyon, Camillo Ricordi, Alejandro Caicedo, Per-Olof Berggren
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
A CASE OF LITHEMIA SIMULATING CEREBRAL TUMOR.Read by title in Section on Practice of Medicine at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, Cal., June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: H. G. BRAINERD
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The researches of Garrod, Haig, Herter and many others have shown so conclusively that a gouty condition may be the cause, or at least an important factor in the production of asthma, bronchitis, pleuritis, gastritis and nephritis, and the careful study of the urine in migraine, chorea, neurasthenia and many cases of hysteria and epilepsy, leave little ground for doubt that the retention of the uric acid in the system is an important factor in their causation, and often the sole cause; but the symptoms usually attributed to organic cerebral disease are so rarely due to gout that L report the following case: On June 20, 1893, J. S. was brought to me by his attending physician (Dr. King) with the following history: Age 47, married, farmer, weight in health about 180, height 6 feet, family history good, with the exception that an older brother died from some brain disease;
Project Breathe Easy
Authors: Kate Spencer
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2014)

Something as simple as breathing can easily be taken for granted, but for patients with cystic fibrosis it's a daily struggle. Project Breathe Easy is a sports film dedicated to raising funds for cystic fibrosis research and care, featuring some of the best professional freestyle mountain bikers from around the world (including Sam Reynolds and Logan Peat). Leading the project is Matt MacDuff, who's younger sister was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at age 8 weeks. MacDuff is passionate about the cause, and has put a huge amount of time and effort into this project.
In Post-Katrina New Orleans, Efforts Under Way to Build Better Health Care
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2006)

ODDITY IS NOT A MEDICAL CONdition that can be treated or cured. But Fred Cerise, MD, says the sheer peculiarity of reassembling health care systems, jobs, and homes a year after Hurricane Katrina pummeled New Orleans and the surrounding Gulf Coast hangs over health professionals in the city like a chronic illness. “Our biggest challenges have to do with just the oddity of this entire situation, of putting society back together en masse,” said Cerise, secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, during an August briefing on the state of New Orleans’ health that was sponsored by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. “It’s not as if we are going to evolve back into normalcy here, and so we have issues dealing with work force and infrastructure that are just incredibly complicated,” he said. “When we look at work force issues, things like housing become such an important piece. That’s just hard to overcome.”
TWO CASES OF HERPES ZOSTER ASSOCIATED WITH A GENERALISED ERUPTION OF VARICELLA-LIKE SPOTS: ONE OF THE CASES FOLLOWED BY OCULOMOTOR PARESIS, MYDRIASIS, AND FRONTAL ANAESTHESIA
Authors: F. PARKES WEBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1916)

Journal Article TWO CASES OF HERPES ZOSTER ASSOCIATED WITH A GENERALISED ERUPTION OF VARICELLA‐LIKE SPOTS: ONE OF THE CASES FOLLOWED BY OCULOMOTOR PARESIS, MYDRIASIS, AND FRONTAL ANÆSTHESIA Get access F. PARKES WEBER, M.D., F.R.C.P. F. PARKES WEBER, M.D., F.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 28, Issue 1-3, 3 January 1916, Pages 13–26, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1916.tb16751.x Published: 03 January 1916
LEAD IN A RENAL CALCULUS
Authors: Max Trumper
Journal: JAMA (1941)

O. H., a Negro aged 46, married, had been employed for five and one-half years in the corroding white lead department (Old Dutch process) of a plant manufacturing lead paints and oxides of lead for the making of storage batteries. There was a high exposure to lead dust, as evidenced by the fact that we have had a number of cases of lead poisoning from this plant which still used the Old Dutch process. The patient had had no illness other than gonorrhea in 1912; he also had had antisyphilitic therapy consisting of thirty-two injections. He gave no history of tuberculosis, cancer or cardiorenal disease. He did have measles and chickenpox; he had had no operations or accidents. His first complaint was in 1929 of discomfort high up under the sternum, which gradually migrated downward to the epigastrium and abdomen. For about three months after this onset he complained of
CYCLOPHORIA, ITS DETECTION AND TREATMENT.Read in the Section on Ophthalmology, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8. 1894.
Authors: GEO. H. PRICE
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Cyclophoria or the rotary tendency of the eye upon its antero-posterior diameter under certain conditions, known also as insufficiency of the oblique muscles, is now a matter of record upon the casebooks of so many, as to no longer be a question of speculation. When the question of insufficiency of the obliques in certain cases of oblique astigmatism, was first presented and fully elucidated by Savage, of Nashville, Tenn., there was in the minds of some room for doubt as to the verity of the statement, but I am now ready to believe that this statement is received as a fact, by those who have given the question sufficient thought and have applied to it those tests which we now have at hand for demonstrating this condition. For a long time only the grosser errors of balance of the obliques were considered of importance, and the methods of arriving at
Efficacy and safety of intravenous flecainide compared to oral quinidine for conversion of acute atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm in patients pretreated with intravenous metoprolol — the FLEQUIN trial
Authors: M.O. Halinen, A. Pulkkinen, J. Mustonen, M. Puhakka, M. Huttunen, S. Paakkinen, L. Tarssanen, M. Nissinen, J. Melin, T. Olli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Annual Pelvic Examination
Authors: Herbert M. Dean
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters15 November 1990Annual Pelvic ExaminationHerbert M. Dean, MDHerbert M. Dean, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-10-803_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In the recent article on screening for cervical cancer, Eddy (1) uses a risk-benefit approach to analyzing the use of the Papanicolaou smear for early detection of cervical cancer and recommends that, "for most women, a 3-year frequency is appropriate."I do not dispute Eddy's data (1); unfortunately, however, for most patients and many physicians, a Papanicolaou smear is equated with a pelvic examination. Recommending a 3-year frequency for this test and thus foregoing more regular pelvic examinations reduces the number of opportunities to detect an enlarged, asymptomatic, stage I or II ovarian cancer, to investigate the...Reference1. Eddy D. Screening for cervical cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113: 214-26. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Fallon Clinic Worcester, MA 01605 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1990Volume 113, Issue 10Page: 803-803KeywordsCancer screeningCervical cancerOvarian cancer Issue Published: 15 November 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 4950: Hypercholesterolemia promotes prostate cancer PC-3 metastases in orthotopic xenograft mice
Authors: Hyeongsun Moon, Laura Sharpe, Eunju Choi, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Zeyad Nassar, Marie-Odile Parat, Mathias Francois, C Soon Lee, Andrew Brown, Pamela Russell, Kerry Inder, Michelle Hill
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hypercholesterolemia has been proposed as a potential risk factor for advanced prostate cancer, and use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, statins, inversely correlates with advanced prostate cancer risk. Hypercholesterolemia increases growth of androgen-sensitive LNCaP xenograft in vivo, potentially via androgen signaling. The aim of this study was to determine if hypercholesterolemia affects castration-resistant prostate tumor progression using an androgen receptor-negative prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Compared to control media, cholesterol-deficient media reduced PC-3 proliferation, migration and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. While adding cholesterol did not significantly increase proliferation or anchorage-independent growth, cholesterol replacement in cholesterol-deficient media significantly increased PC-3 transmigration. In order to determine the in vivo effect, mice were randomly assigned to normal or hypercholesterolemic, isocaloric diet groups (N=14 and 15, respectively). After two weeks, hypercholesterolemic diet significantly increased circulating cholesterol but did not increase body weight. PC-3 cells stably expressing luciferase were orthotopically injected into the dorsolateral prostate. Tumor progression and metastases were monitored by in vivo and ex vivo optical bioluminescence imaging for 6 weeks. Strikingly, the results show that diet-induced hypercholesterolemia accelerated tumor metastases to lymph nodes, lung, proximal and distant bones without significantly affecting primary tumor growth. The metastases were confirmed histopathologcally. Hypercholesterolemia was not associated with elevated weight or circulating testosterone. This is the first study to directly demonstrate a causal relationship between hypercholesterolemia and prostate tumor metastases mediated through androgen-independent mechanisms, highlighting the potential clinical benefit of cholesterol lowering therapy such as statins in advanced, castration-resistant, prostate cancer patients. Citation Format: Hyeongsun Moon, Laura Sharpe, Eunju Choi, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Zeyad Nassar, Marie-Odile Parat, Mathias Francois, C Soon Lee, Andrew Brown, Pamela Russell, Kerry Inder, Michelle Hill. Hypercholesterolemia promotes prostate cancer PC-3 metastases in orthotopic xenograft mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4950. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4950
The Association between the Quality of Inpatient Care and Early Readmission
Authors: Carol M. Ashton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To determine whether the quality of care during a hospital stay is associated with unplanned readmission within 14 days. Design: Case-control study. Setting: 12 Veterans Affairs hospitals. Patients: Men discharged after a hospitalization for diabetes (n = 593), chronic obstructive lung disease (n = 1172), or heart failure (n = 748). The ratio of controls (men without an unplanned readmission within 14 days to any Veterans Affairs hospital) to cases (men with such a readmission) was 3:1. Main Outcome Measures: Unplanned readmission to any of the 159 Veterans Affairs hospitals within 14 days of discharge. Quality of care during the index stay was assessed by chart review using disease-specific explicit criteria for the process of inpatient care, which were developed by panels composed of expert physicians. Adherence scores (the percentage of applicable criteria that were met) were calculated for the admission workup, evaluation and treatment, and readiness for discharge. Results: After adjustment was made for demographic characteristics, severity of illness, and need for care, adherence scores correlated with early unplanned readmission (P < 0.05). For patients with diabetes and heart failure, decreased readiness-for-discharge adherence scores correlated with increased risk for readmission (P = 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively). In patients with obstructive lung disease, decreased admission-workup scores correlated with increased risk for readmission (P = 0.013). One of 7 readmissions in patients with diabetes, 1 of 5 readmissions in patients with heart failure, and 1 of 12 readmissions in patients with obstructive lung disease were attributable to substandard care. Conclusions: Lower quality of inpatient care increases the risk for unplanned early readmission in patients with heart failure, diabetes, or obstructive lung disease. Under certain circumstances, readmission is associated with remediable deficiencies in the process of inpatient care.
Choosing sides in the battle against gastric acid
Authors: Marshall H. Montrose
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

The duodenum is the first segment of the small intestine, just distal to the gastric pylorus. This positions the epithelial lining of the duodenum directly in the path of destructive gastric acid leaving the stomach. Because pancreatic bicarbonate secretions only enter the gut lumen farther down the gastrointestinal tract, the early duodenum must defend itself, unaided, from this acidic stress. The duodenal defenses can be conveniently grouped as pre-epithelial (e.g., neutralization of acid in the lumen), epithelial (e.g., tight junctions, membrane impermeability to acid, secretion of alkali and mucus), and subepithelial (e.g., afferent and efferent neural mechanisms, blood flow). Each of these contributions to mucosal defense is potentially important to human health because acid damage is a crucial aggravating factor in formation and persistence of duodenal ulcers (1).

In terms of duodenal defense, strong interest has centered on the avid bicarbonate secretion mediated by duodenal epithelial cells. This is unequivocally the first line of defense, as the bicarbonate reaching the gut lumen will act to neutralize intraluminal acid (producing CO2 and water) before it ever reaches the cells. Elegant and rigorous experiments have shown that, as a consequence of this neutralization, the spaces directly adjacent to the epithelium have close to a neutral pH (2, 3). This juxtamucosal alkaline layer also contributes to mucosal defense by directly shielding duodenal epithelial cells from luminal acid. The article by Akiba et al. in this issue of the JCI (4) is interesting and important because it raises a new possibility: that bicarbonate secretory mechanisms may have an even greater role in acid defense through their effects on intracellular pH of duodenal epithelial cells.

The central observation reported by Akiba et al. is that two anion transport inhibitors (DIDS and NPPB) both block bicarbonate secretion into the lumen but that these agents have opposite effects on cellular damage in response to luminal acid (4). Most strikingly, NPPB actually reduces the damage in response to luminal acid. These results are not readily compatible with conventional models of extracellular defense, since inhibition of bicarbonate secretion will compromise both luminal neutralization of acid and the juxtamucosal alkaline layer. Despite uncertainty about the molecular specificity of the drugs, these new in vivo results clearly demonstrate a dissociation between bicarbonate secretion and cytoprotection.
The FitzPatrick Lectures ON MEDICINE IN ENGLAND DURING THE REIGN OF GEORGE III: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London
Authors: A. Chaplin
Journal: BMJ (1917)

GEORGE IIL [ TM ncBm ' 722 2. The condition may be primarily oiie of nerve absence or nerve lesion in mid-embryonic life, witlh secondary non- development or partial development of the mesoblastic -structuires due to the loss of nerve control.3. The muuscular effort perceptible at the angle of the moutlh may be due to the nervous stupply of the hypo- glossal.
Clinical evidence: Atopic eczema
Authors: C. Charman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Objective</h3> This review focuses on the possible association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and movement disorders, including Parkinson disease (PD), other parkinsonian syndromes, essential tremor, choreic and dystonic syndromes, Tourette syndrome, and heredodegenerative ataxias. <h3>Methods</h3> Review of PubMed from 1966 to September 2018 and identification of references of interest for the topic. A meta-analysis of eligible studies on the frequency of RLS in patients with PD and controls using Meta-DiSc1.1.1 software and using the PRISMA guidelines was performed. <h3>Results and conclusions</h3> Although there are substantial clinical, neuroimaging, neuropathologic, and genetic differences between RLS and PD, many reports describe a higher than expected prevalence of RLS in patients with PD, when compared with the general population or with matched control groups; several studies have also suggested that RLS could be an early clinical feature of PD. RLS symptoms are frequent in multiple system atrophy, essential tremor, Tourette syndrome, Friedreich ataxia, and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 as well. Finally, possible genetic links between PD and RLS (the presence of allele 2 of the complex microsatellite repeat Rep1 within the α-synuclein gene promoter) and between Tourette syndrome and RLS (several variants in the <i>BTBD9</i> gene) have been reported in 2 case–control association studies, although these data, based on preliminary data with small sample sizes, need to be replicated in further studies.
Association of ambient air‐pollution levels with acute asthma exacerbation among children in Singapore
Authors: FT Chew, DYT Goh, BC Ooi, R Saharom, JKS Hui, BW Lee
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Air-pollution levels have been shown to be associated with increased morbidity of respiratory diseases.Data for ambient air-pollutant levels, meteorologic factors, and hospitalization or emergency room (ER) visits for acute asthma in Singapore children over a 5-year period (1990-4) were obtained and analyzed for associations by time-series methods.Throughout this period, the annual mean and 24-h mean levels for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and total suspended particles (TSP) and maximum 1-h daily average for ozone were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, positive correlation between levels of each of these pollutants and daily ER visits for asthma was observed in children aged 3-12 years, but not among adolescents and young adults (13-21 years old). The association with SO2 and TSP persisted after standardization for meteorologic and temporal variables. An adjusted increase in 2.9 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in atmospheric SO2 levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days when levels were above 68 microg/m3. With TSP, an adjusted increase of 5.80 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in its daily atmospheric levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days with levels above 73 microg/m3. Similar results were also obtained after controlling for autocorrelation by time-series analysis.These associations were observed even though the overall levels of all pollutants were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the WHO. These findings suggest that asthmatic children are susceptible to increased levels of air pollutants, particularly SO2 and TSP, although the ambient levels are generally within "acceptable" ranges.
Southall is allowed to return to child protection work
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

David Southall, the paediatrician who accused a father of murdering his two baby sons after watching a television interview with him, has won the right to return to child protection work.

Dr Southall was found guilty of serious professional misconduct by the General Medical Council and banned from child protection work for four years after he claimed that it was “beyond reasonable doubt” that Stephen Clark had killed his sons ( BMJ 2004;329:366, doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7462.366-a). At the time of the interview Mr Clark’s wife, Sally, was serving a life sentence for the murder of the two boys but was later cleared on appeal.

Dr Southall reported Mr Clark to the child protection team after seeing the interview in which he told how his eldest son, …