tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influenza Vaccination of Patients with Glomerular Diseases
Authors: RUFINO C. PABICO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

To define the effects of influenza vaccination on the glomerular filtration rate and on proteinuria in patients with glomerulonephropathies, creatinine clearances and urinary protein excretions were measured in 21 patients with glomerular diseases, before vaccination and weekly for 4 to 6 weeks afterwards. Serum and nasal secretion antibody titers were measured before vaccination and 4 weeks later. Creatinine clearances remained relatively unchanged in all patients. Minimal, transient increase in proteinuria occurred in three patients with nephrotic syndrome and in two whose nephrotic syndrome was in remission. Antibody titers rose fourfold or more in patients with normal renal function after vaccination but not in patients with renal failure (P < 0.01). Since influenza vaccination had no adverse effects on patients with glomerulonephropathies, there is no reason for withholding vaccination from such patients. Patients with glomerulonephropathies should receive influenza vaccination, since chronically ill patients with influenza infection have a high mortality.
522 SEQUENTIAL AND PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF CIRRHOTIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION. ROLE OF BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE
Authors: V. Bernal, I. Pascual, C. Fernandez, C. Llimiñana, S. Garcia-Castañon, A. Garcia-Gil, M.A. Simon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Changes in rat liver gene expression induced by thioacetamide: Protective role ofS-adenosyl-L-methionine by a glutathione-dependent mechanism
Authors: M L Mesa, R Carrizosa, C Martinez-Honduvilla, M Benito, I Fabregat
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Chronic liver damage induced by thioacetamide (TAM) was accompanied by changes in the expression of genes related to growth (β-actin) and function (albumin and haptoglobin) of the liver. Their messenger RNA (mRNA) levels increased during the first days after TAM administration, but 4 to 7 days after prolonged treatment with this drug, liver gene expression was considerable decreased. TAM-induced changes in albumin and β-actin mRNA levels were prevented by cotreatment with S -adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM). We have investigated the possible involvement of glutathione in the protective mechanism of SAM. Firstly, we found that TAM treatment in the rat induced changes in liver glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels, with a concomitant increase in the glutathione reductase enzymatic activity, these changes being abolished when animals were cotreated with TAM and SAM. Secondly, when rats were pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor, before thioacetamide administration, the beneficial effect of SAM on liver gene expression was completely abolished. These results were confirmed by assaying the alanine transaminase serum activity, a parameter of liver injury. TAM-treated animals had increases in this serum enzyme, this effect being partially blocked by SAM. However, in BSO-pretreated rats, the protective effect of SAM was impaired. Taking together all these results, we propose a glutathione-dependent mechanism in the SAM protection against TAM hepatotoxicity in the rat.
King's Termination Study II: Contraceptive Practice before and after Outpatient Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: R. W. Beard, E. M. Belsey, S. Lal, S. C. Lewis, H. S. Greer
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A selection of psychological and social factors present in 360 women who underwent legal termination of pregnancy are related to their contraceptive practice. One-third of the group were ignorant about contraceptive methods, ignorance being more common in women from social classes IV and V and in those under the age of 19. Nearly half of those who had some knowledge of contraceptive practice became pregnant after knowingly taking a risk. A total of 41% had been using some form of contraception immediately before conception. The reliability of contraceptive methods used was found to be inversely related to neuroticism scores obtained from the Eysenck Personality Inventory, neuroticism being highest in women who had not used any form of contraception.Of 91% of the group seen three months after their termination 86% were using reliable contraceptive methods. A follow-up study one or two years after termination has shown that 81% of the 215 women contacted so far are using a reliable method of contraception; two unwanted pregnancies have occurred but both were due to contraceptive failure. This satisfactory outcome has been ascribed to the system of counselling all women before and after termination.
Science, medicine, and the future: Allergic disorders
Authors: S. T Holgate
Journal: BMJ (2000)

When John Bostock first described hay fever in 1819 the condition was rare, but allergy has now reached epidemic proportions, with almost one in two people in the developed world exhibiting an allergic response to some common environmental factor. Most allergic diseases are linked to atopy, the predisposition to generate the allergic antibody IgE to common environmental agents. Because IgE is able to sensitise mast cells anywhere in the body, atopic individuals often express disease in more than one organ. Although current treatments are able to control symptoms, allergy still causes appreciable misery. There is an urgent need for new approaches to more effectively treat allergic responses and prevent their occurrence. This review focuses on some exciting new developments based on a clearer understanding of the underlying cellular and mediator mechanisms and how the human body interacts with the changing environment.
India must respect intellectual property rights, report says
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

India must respect intellectual pharmaceutical property rights if it wants to develop new medicines, a report by a London university has urged.

An analysis of healthcare in India by University College London School of Pharmacy warned that failure to respect intellectual property rights risked “undermining the future development of new and more effective medicines for conditions such as cancers and dementia.”1

David Taylor, the report’s author, said that reducing the price of drugs for conditions such as cancer, which are only effective in high technology settings, would not help the majority of people in India, 400 million to 600 million of whom do not have access to essential medicines. Novartis recently lost a case in …
Treatment of streptococcal sore throat. Beware glandular fever trap.
Authors: N J Airey
Journal: BMJ (1993)

salmeterol, although relieving symptoms, may mask or even increase the severity of the underlying disease.'The mortality data provided by Win Castle and colleagues do not alleviate current concerns that the frequent or regular use of f agonist drugs may be contributing to morbidity due to and mortality from asthma.
The Case for Water Fluoridation
Authors: John W. Knutson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

FLUORIDATION of community water supplies is one of the truly important developments in the field of preventive dentistry. Current discussion of this measure brings to mind another preventive health technic, — inoculation against smallpox, introduced in the American colonies 231 years ago.1 Inoculation made quite a stir. It was a success from the beginning, but it created so much excitement and opposition that those who submitted to it were considered a public menace. One of its ardent supporters, Cotton Mather, turned his home into a secret inoculation center. Even as late as 1774, a hospital here in Salem was burned . . .
CHARACTERIZATION OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES BY MULTISLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY. COMPARISON WITH OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Ito Tsuyoshi, Mitsuyasu Terashima, Mariko Ehara, Hitoshi Matsuo, Masashi Kimura, Kenya Nasu, Maoto Habara, Nobuyoshi Tanaka, Yasushi Asakura, Yoshihisa Kinoshita, Etsuo Tsuchikane, Osamu Kato, Takahiko Suzuki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Dying Is Worked to Death
Authors: Wayne A. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Samuel Vaisrub's editorial "Dying is Worked to Death" (229:1909-1910, 1974) appears to me to be a perpetuation of an unfortunate attitude in medicine toward the subject of death. Though he admits of the possibility that we, as physicians, may be guilty of some neglect of the dying patient, because of our own feelings of frustration and helplessness, he believes the subject has been overpublicized in a too rapidly proliferating literature. I could not more strongly disagree with this idea. In order not to be sidetracked into offering beguiling, yet speculative explanations as to why people have become more interested in the subject of death, I will limit my comments to some pertinent observations I have made as a psychiatric consultant to a coronary care unit. Needless to say, in such a setting, the spectre of death hovers as a constant companion both to the patients and to
Promoting Quality Surgical Care
Authors: Caprice C. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recuperative potential of cardiac muscle following relief of pressure overload hypertrophy and right ventricular failure in the cat.
Authors: R L Coulson, S Yazdanfar, E Rubio, A A Bove, G M Lemole, J F Spann
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

This study examined the recuperative potential of cat hearts subjected to experimental right ventricular pressure overload (for a 10- to 14-day period) which provoked hypertrophy with and without congestive heart failure. Five groups of cats were studied: normal controls; one group with 70% pulmonary artery constriction which produced right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH); one group with an 87% constriction which also produced right ventricular hypertrophy but with congestive heart failure (CHF); and two groups which had been similarly subjected to pressure overload but which had been allowed a recovery period of 30 days after relief of the pressure overload. Both the 70% and 87% pulmonic constrictions were associated with extensive right ventricular hypertrophy, depression of myocardial contractile function, and severe redlction of cardiac norepinephrine stores (normal, 1.42 mug/g: RVH, 0.11 mug/g; CHF, 0.01 mug/g). After a 30-day period of relief from the pulmonic constriction normal hemodynamic function returned. In cats in which RVH had been relieved, right ventricular weight and contractile function were normal but catecholamine depletion persisted. Cats with relieved CHF showed depressed contractile function and depleted myocardial norepinephrine, and the right ventricular weight did not return to normal. Cardiac muscle of all pressure-overloaded nonrelieved hearts showed depressed velocity of shortening and depressed ability to sustain load. Cats with RVH alone regained normal muscle shortening velocity and load-bearing ability after relief. However, cardiac muscle from the CHF-relieved group recovered only unloaded shortening velocity while the ability to sustain load remained depressed. We conclude that the recuperative potential of myocardium damaged by pressure overload is adequate provided congestive heart failure has not occurred. Heart failure produces a persistent reduction in force-generating ability of the myocardium. Hypertrophy due to pressure overload, with or without CHF, leads to cardiac catecholamine depletion which is not readily reversed by relief of the overload.
Bone Sarcomas Linked to Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Children
Authors: MA Tucker, GJ D'Angio, Jr Jd Boice, LC Strong, FP Li, M Stovall, BJ Stone, DM Green, F Lombardi, W Newton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We estimated the risk of subsequent bone cancer among 9170 patients who had survived two or more years after the diagnosis of a cancer in childhood. As compared with the general population, the patients had a relative risk of 133 (95 percent confidence interval, 98 to 176) and a mean (+/- SE) 20-year cumulative risk of 2.8 +/- 0.7 percent. Detailed data on treatment were obtained on 64 patients in whom bone cancer developed after childhood cancer. As compared with 209 matched controls who had survived cancer in childhood but who did not have bone cancer later, patients who had had radiation therapy had a 2.7-fold risk (95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 7.7) and a sharp dose-response gradient reaching a 40-fold risk after doses to the bone of more than 6000 rad. The relative dose-response effect among patients who had been treated for retinoblastoma resembled that among patients with all other types of initial tumors, although the cumulative risk of bone cancer in the retinoblastoma group was higher. Similar numbers of patients were treated with orthovoltage and megavoltage; the patterns of risk among categories of doses did not differ according to the type of voltage. After adjustment for radiation therapy, treatment with alkylating agents was also linked to bone cancer (relative risk, 4.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 22.3), with the risk increasing as cumulative drug exposure rose. We conclude that both radiotherapy and chemotherapy with alkylating agents for childhood cancer increase the subsequent risk of bone cancer.
LOW-DOSE CT CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY WITH PROSPECTIVE ECG-TRIGGERING ACCURATELY PREDICTS EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH KNOWN OR SUSPECTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Ronny R. Buechel, Aju P. Pazhenkottil, Bernhard A. Herzog, René N. Nkoulou, Irene A. Burger, Ines Valenta, Christophe A. Wyss, Lars Husmann, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Two distinct pathways regulate platelet phosphatidylserine exposure and procoagulant function
Authors: Simone M. Schoenwaelder, Yuping Yuan, Emma C. Josefsson, Michael J. White, Yu Yao, Kylie D. Mason, Lorraine A. O'Reilly, Katya J. Henley, Akiko Ono, Sarah Hsiao, Abbey Willcox, Andrew W. Roberts, David C. S. Huang, Hatem H. Salem, Benjamin T. Kile, Shaun P. Jackson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Case-control study of hospital admission with asthma in children aged 5-14 years: relation with road traffic in north west London
Authors: P Wilkinson, P Elliott, C Grundy, G Shaddick, B Thakrar, P Walls, S Falconer
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Evidence for an association between road traffic pollution and asthma is inconclusive. We report a case-control study of hospital admissions for asthma and respiratory illness among children aged 5–14 in relation to proxy markers of traffic related pollution. <h3>METHODS</h3> The study was based on routine hospital admissions data in 1992/3 and 1993/4 for North Thames (West) health region within the M25 motorway. Cases were defined as emergency admissions for asthma (n = 1380) or all respiratory illness including asthma (n = 2131), and controls (n = 5703) were other emergency admissions excluding accidents. Cases and controls were compared with respect to distance of residence from nearest main road or roads with peak hour traffic &gt;1000 vehicles and traffic volume within 150 m of residence, obtained by Geographical Information System techniques. Statistical analysis included adjustment for age, sex, admitting hospital, and a deprivation score for the census enumeration district of residence. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Adjusted odds ratios of hospital admission for asthma and respiratory illness for children living within 150 m of a main road compared with those living further away were, respectively, 0.93 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.06) and 1.02 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.14). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> This study showed no association between risk of hospital admission for asthma or respiratory illness among children aged 5–14 and proxy markers of road traffic pollution.
Relationship of neurosympathetic responsiveness to early ventricular arrhythmias in ischaemic myocardium
Authors: J C. FORFAR, R. A RIEMERSMA, D. C RUSSELL, M. F OLIVER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Myocardial catecholamine overflow has been measured in open-chest anaesthetised dogs after graded stimulation of the left ansa subclavia before and during left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and on reperfusion. Sequential 1 min periods of ansa stimulation over 3 h resulted in reproducible, frequency dependent regional myocardial noradrenaline (NA) overflow without tachyphylaxis. In seven dogs, two successive 10 min periods of LAD occlusion did not modify peak myocardial NA overflow from the predominantly ischaemic (I) or non-ischaemic (NI) areas at either low (1 Hz) or high (10 Hz) frequency ansa stimulation. In a second group of nine dogs, myocardial catecholamine overflow was related to changes in ischaemic area epicardial activation delay during repeated ansa stimulation on four occasions during 75 min of ischaemia. Stimulation at the period of peak spontaneous arrhythmias 5 and 17 min after coronary occlusion resulted in NA overflow from I of 2.8±1.3 and 3.0±1.6 pmol·ml−1 respectively and a significant increase in mean activation delay in I of 12±4 ms at 5 min and 9±4 ms at 17 min (p<0.05). In contrast, stimulation 30 and 60 min after coronary occlusion, when spontaneous arrhythmias are rare, was not associated with NA overflow from ischaemic areas (0.3±0.3 and 0.9±0.5 pmol·ml−1 respectively) and resulted in a minor reduction in mean activation delay in ischaemic areas of 2 ± 3 ms at 30 min and 3 ± 4 ms at 60 min. NA overflow from non-ischaemic areas and increases in blood pressure and myocardial lactate release were similar during each period of ansa stimulation. Coronary reperfusion induced massive overflow of NA (11.4±2.8 pmol·ml−1) and reduced extraction of adrenaline (A) from ischaemic areas with a time course similar to early reperfusion arrhythmias. Stimulation-evoked release of NA in ischaemic myocardium is thus maintained during the early period of enhanced vulnerability to arrhythmias and during reperfusion but is inhibited after 30 min. This temporal variability may be a factor in the time course of spontaneous arrhythmias in this model.
Analysis of <i>hsp70</i> gene polymorphism in allergic asthma
Authors: Y Aron, M Busson, BS Polla, D Dusser, A Lockhart, E Swierczewski, F Favatier
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: Allergic asthma is a multifactorial and probably multigenic inflammatory disease of the upper airways, and has been associated with the HLA class II alleles DR4 and DR7. Here we investigated possible associations with other polymorphic susceptibility/resistance genes located within the major histocompatibility complex, i.e., the genes coding the major 70‐kDa heat‐shock proteins (HSP; Hsp70) hsp70–1 , hsp70–2 , and hsp70‐HOM , whose products are overexpressed in the bronchi of asthmatic patients. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes or buccal epithelial cells of 48 patients with allergic asthma and 31 selected nonatopic control subjects, in whom we previously reported a strong association of atopy with DR4/DR7 alleles. Results: No evidence was found for an independent role of hsp70 gene polymorphism in susceptibility to allergic asthma. However, hsp70 alleles might be involved in extended haplotypes of HLA markers. Conclusions: Our data suggest that Hsp70 overexpression in asthma results from complex interactions between environmental exposures and genetic background rather than from specific genetic variations in hsp70 genes.
Whither goes in/outpatient psychiatric care?
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1983)

"Anyone reading newspapers in the United States knows that there are many former state mental hospital patients living and sleeping on the streets or in dilapidated hotels." With these words, Alfred M. Freedman, MD, chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at New York Medical College in Valhalla, NY, engaged in a discourse at the recent Seventh World Congress of Psychiatry in Vienna on the pluses and minuses of the well-known shift from government (state) hospitals to general hospitals as the principal site of inpatient psychiatric care in the United States. According to Freedman, 75% of psychiatric patients received treatment in state hospitals in 1955 and occupied approximately 750,000 beds. By 1965, the number of beds had decreased to 650,000; by 1980, the number was below 200,000. Specific treatment episodes (such as a drug regimen or electroconvulsive therapy) in state hospitals represented 49% of all psychiatric treatment in
Characterization of allergens in plant‐derived spices: Apiaceae spices, pepper (Piperaceae), and paprika (bell peppers, Solanaceae)
Authors: C. Ebner, E. Jensen‐Jarolim, A. Leitner, H. Breiteneder
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Allergens in spices from the botanic families Apiaceae, Piperaceae, and Solanaceae were characterized. IgE-immunoblotting and IgE-inhibition experiments revealed broad cross-reactivity among spices and to pollen-derived proteins. Moreover, monoclonal antibodies raised against cross-reactive pollen allergens (profilin, Bet v 1) detected homologous proteins in almost every spice source analyzed. It can be concluded that allergy to spices rarely represents an autonomous sensitization, but is rather a consequence of pollen allergy on the basis of immunologic cross-reactivity.
Reply to Matsushita et al. Regarding the Management of Anomalous Pancreaticobiliary Union
Authors: B. Çiçek, E. Parlak, A. S. Koksal, S. S. Dişibeyaz, B. Şahin
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

We thank Matsushita and his colleagues for their valuable comments on our paper. As the authors pointed out, there are reports emphasizing a significantly increased incidence of malignant change in the gallbladders and bile ducts of patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary union (APBU) [1]. It is speculated that the pathogenesis of bile duct or gallbladder cancer in APBU patients involves the reciprocal reflux of bile and pancreatic juice. Complete biliary diversion procedures with bile duct resection are recommended for APBU patients with a dilated common hepatic duct and prophylactic cholecystectomy for those with an undilated common hepatic duct.
“Big Food,” the Consumer Food Environment, Health, and the Policy Response in South Africa
Authors: Ehimario U. Igumbor, David Sanders, Thandi R. Puoane, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Cassandra Schwarz, Christopher Purdy, Rina Swart, Solange Durão, Corinna Hawkes
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

In an article that forms part of the PLoS Medicine series on Big Food, Corinna Hawkes and colleagues provide a perspective from South Africa on the rise of multinational and domestic food companies, and argue that government should act urgently through education about the health risks of unhealthy diets, regulation of Big Food, and support for healthy foods.