tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF SKIN CARCINOMA WITH PODOPHYLLUM DERIVATIVES*
Authors: F. RAY BETTLEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article THE TREATMENT OF SKIN CARCINOMA WITH PODOPHYLLUM DERIVATIVES Get access F. RAY BETTLEY F. RAY BETTLEY Middlesex Hospital and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 1, 1 January 1971, Pages 74–82, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14200.x Published: 01 January 1971
Diabetes registers: a grassroots approach.
Authors: A J Howitt, N A Cheales
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To compile a register of diabetic patients within the catchment area of a district general hospital and evaluate the characteristics of the population using aggregated data from a general practice audit.Cross sectional study. Practices identified all known diabetics and completed a questionnaire from information in each patient's medical record.Practices affiliated to a district audit group in south east England.Number of participating practices; prevalence of diabetes and its complications; and sex distribution of patients, age at diagnosis and review, treatment, and metabolic control. Comparisons with similar data from other studies.41 out of 43 practices participated, and 2574 diabetic patients were identified (prevalence 1.18%). 52.4% of patients were male. The mean age was 61.6 years. 32% of patients were treated with insulin, 51.5% with oral hypoglycaemic agents, 16.5% with diet alone. The mean random blood glucose concentration was 10.4 mmol/l and glycosylated haemoglobin 10.1%. 8% had proteinuria, 7% a history of myocardial infarction, 5% a history of stroke, and 2% a diabetes related amputation. These proportions were not significantly different from those found in studies performed by different methods in Poole, Islington, Powys, Trowbridge, and Southall.It is feasible to compile a register of diabetic patients in a district and evaluate their characteristics by using only general practice sources.
CpG-free plasmid expression cassettes for cystic fibrosis gene therapy
Authors: Ian A. Pringle, Stephen C. Hyde, Mary M. Connolly, Anna E. Lawton, Bihui Xu, Graciela Nunez-Alonso, Lee A. Davies, Stephanie G. Sumner-Jones, Deborah R. Gill
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Risks of Correcting the Risks of Coronary Disease and Stroke with Drugs
Authors: Michael F. Oliver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Insufficient concern has been expressed about the development and incidence of unexpected adverse reactions to drugs given prophylactically over many years in attempts to reduce the risks of coronary and cerebrovascular diseases in predisposed but otherwise healthy persons. It has been assumed that the risks associated with drug treatment are low because they relate mostly to predictable minor side effects or idiosyncratic reactions, but when reactions include increased morbidity and mortality, a reappraisal is necessary; the risks involved in correcting risk must be compared with the risk of the disease in question.It may seem to be stating the obvious . . .
Mouse STAT2 Restricts Early Dengue Virus Replication
Authors: Joseph Ashour, Juliet Morrison, Maudry Laurent-Rolle, Alan Belicha-Villanueva, Courtney Ray Plumlee, Dabeiba Bernal-Rubio, Katherine L. Williams, Eva Harris, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Christian Schindler, Adolfo García-Sastre
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Sydney Levine
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book in essence is derived from a series of articles published in<i>Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases</i>. The chapters are often repetitive and do not necessarily bear any sequential relationship to each other. The book is highly technical, geared either to the cardiologist who deals regularly with both invasive and noninvasive diagnostic aspects of cardiac disease, or the practicing cardiologist who desires to obtain a thorough review of the subject of valvular heart disease. The first chapter, on the radiology of valvular heart disease, is excellent. It covers fluoroscopy, cinefluoroscopy, and cardiac roentgenographic series in both normal hearts and those with various valvular diseases. There is a very short chapter on radionuclide assessment of valvular heart disease, still in the early stages of development. The two chapters on angiocardiographic methods in valvular heart disease and quantitative angiocardiographic evaluation and pathophysiologic mechanisms in valvular heart disease are somewhat repetitive. After several
Abstract 435: The role of HIF-1 and Notch pathway in radio-resistance of non small lung cancer cell lines.
Authors: Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Satoshi Ooizumi, Masaharu Nishimura
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Notch pathway regulates cell-fate determination in multi-cellular organisms and aberrant activation of Notch pathway has been reported in tumorigenesis of many cancers. We previously reported that Notch3 and its downstream effector, HEY1, were upregulated by radiation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated that g-secretase-inhibitor (GSI), when combined with radiation therapy significantly suppressed the growth of lung cancer cells compared to either GSI or radiation alone by a potential mechanism that GSI suppressed radiation-induced Notch activation and its resultant radio-resistance. Since the expression of Notch was reported to be activated via HIF under hypoxia, we, in this study, hypothesized that HIF would be involved in radiation-induced Notch activation in NSCLC and thus HIF inhibitor (YC-1) would have an anti-tumor effect when combined with radiation therapy as is the case with GSI. Materials and Methods: Two Notch-expressing lung cancer cell lines (H460 and H1793) were used. We first examined, by Western Blotting (WB) and real time RT-PCR, the changes in expressions of HIF-1 and Notch family after treatment by radiation under hypoxia. We then repeated the same experiment while using SiRNA targeting HIF-1, in an attempt to examine the role of HIF-1 on Notch pathway and its downstream proteins. Finally, we investigated an antitumor effect of YC-1, using a MTT proliferation assay and a clonogenic assay, when combined with radiation treatment. Results: Under hypoxia, treatment by radiation up-regulated protein expression of HIF-1 at 6 hours and that of Notch3 as well at 24 hours, but not of other Notch family. As expected, specific suppression of HIF-1 by siRNA down-regulated Notch3 activation associated with radiation; however, did not affect other Notch family and its downstream effectors, including HES1. An anti-tumor effect of YC-1 was evident only when radiation treatment was concurrently applied, but not when sequentially applied, in the growth of lung cancer cells and also colony formation. Conclusions: Radiation-induced up-regulations of HIF-1 and Notch pathway may be therapeutic targets for more effective radiation therapy in NSCLC. Citation Format: Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Satoshi Ooizumi, Masaharu Nishimura. The role of HIF-1 and Notch pathway in radio-resistance of non small lung cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 435. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-435
Membranous Expression of Ectodomain Isoforms of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Predicts Outcome after Chemoradiotherapy of Lymph Node–Negative Cervical Cancer
Authors: Cathinka Halle, Malin Lando, Debbie Hege Svendsrud, Trevor Clancy, Marit Holden, Kolbein Sundfør, Gunnar B. Kristensen, Ruth Holm, Heidi Lyng
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

We compared the prognostic significance of ectodomain isoforms of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which lack the tyrosine kinase (TK) domain, with that of the full-length receptor and its autophosphorylation status in cervical cancers treated with conventional chemoradiotherapy.Expression of EGFR isoforms was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a prospectively collected cohort of 178 patients with squamous cell cervical carcinoma, and their detection was confirmed with Western blotting and reverse transcriptase PCR. A proximity ligation immunohistochemistry assay was used to assess EGFR-specific autophosphorylation. Pathways associated with the expression of ectodomain isoforms were studied by gene expression analysis with Illumina beadarrays in 110 patients and validated in an independent cohort of 41 patients.Membranous expression of ectodomain isoforms alone, without the coexpression of the full-length receptor, showed correlations to poor clinical outcome that were highly significant for lymph node-negative patients (locoregional control, P = 0.0002; progression-free survival, P < 0.0001; disease-specific survival, P = 0.005 in the log-rank test) and independent of clinical variables. The ectodomain isoforms were primarily 60-kD products of alternative EGFR transcripts. Their membranous expression correlated with transcriptional regulation of oncogenic pathways including activation of MYC and MAX, which was significantly associated with poor outcome. This aggressive phenotype of ectodomain EGFR expressing tumors was confirmed in the independent cohort. Neither total nor full-length EGFR protein level, or autophosphorylation status, showed prognostic significance.Membranous expression of ectodomain EGFR isoforms, and not TK activation, predicts poor outcome after chemoradiotherapy for patients with lymph node-negative cervical cancer.
Multisociety Task Force for Critical Care Research: Key Issues and Recommendations
Authors: Clifford S. Deutschman, Tom Ahrens, Charles B. Cairns, Curtis N. Sessler, Polly E. Parsons
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Research in critical care extends from the bench to the bedside, involving multiple departments, specialties, and funding organizations. Because of this diversity, it has been difficult for all stakeholders to collectively identify challenges and establish priorities.To define a comprehensive agenda for critical care research using input from a broad range of stakeholders to serve as a blueprint for future initiatives.The Critical Care Societies Collaborative (CCSC), consisting of the leadership of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN), the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), the American Thoracic Society (ATS), and the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), joined the U.S. Critical Illness and Injury Trials Group (USCIITG) in forming a task force to define a comprehensive critical care research agenda. This group of 25 identified experts was divided into subgroups to address basic, translational, clinical, implementation, and educational research. The subgroups met via conference calls, and the entire task force met in person for a 2-day session. The result was a detailed discussion of the research priorities that served as the basis for this report.The task force identified challenges, specific priority areas, and recommendations for process improvements to support critical care research. Additionally, four overarching themes emerged: (1) the traditional "silo-ed" approach to critical care research is counterproductive and should be modified; (2) an approach that more effectively links areas of research (i.e., basic and translational research, or clinical research and implementation) should be embraced; (3) future approaches to human research should account for disease complexity and patient heterogeneity; and (4) an enhanced infrastructure for critical care research is essential for future success.This document contains the themes/recommendations developed by a large, multiprofessional cross-section of critical care scientists, clinicians, and educators. It provides a unique framework for future research in critical care medicine.
Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Complicated by Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Daniel H. Mintz, Ronald A. Chez, Donald L. Hutchinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, and glucosuria followed the administration of streptozotocin to 6 nonpregnant and 15 pregnant monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the first trimester of pregnancy. The diabetogenic action of the drug was also reflected in an induced but variable deterioration in maternal intravenous glucose tolerance and a marked attenuation of maternal plasma insulin responsiveness to intravenous glycemic stimuli. The products of conception were examined in 29 pregnancies. The neonates and the placentas of the streptozotocin-treated pregnant animals were significantly heavier than average for the period of gestation, polyhydramnios was consistently present, and there was an increase in the incidence of third trimester stillbirths.
Percutaneous Intervention vs. Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting in Left Main Coronary Disease
Authors: Robert H. Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A recent meta-analysis, report, and editorial all agreed with the need for a randomized trial of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as compared with coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with left main coronary artery disease.13 The meta-analysis reported results of 16 observational studies on 1278 patients undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents for unprotected left main coronary artery disease.1 Mortality was 2.3% during hospitalization and 5.5% at the time of last follow-up, at a median of 10 months. Five randomized comparisons of PCI and CABG were noted to be ongoing, with combined enrollment goals exceeding 2400 patients with unprotected left . . .
SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF THE EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS
Authors: C. K. Barnes
Journal: JAMA (1926)

This case is being reported because only two other cases have been reported in the last ten years. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> In January, 1926, C. D., a man, aged 35, while carrying a board, suddenly noticed that he could not move his left thumb, although he did not feel pain. On the same day, when he entered the Auburn Park Hospital, pain, tenderness and evidence of injury to the hand or wrist were absent. The patient was given instructions to bathe the hand in warm water and to return the following day. My examination the following morning revealed that the patient could not extend the thumb. Flexion was normal. There was neither pain, tenderness nor anesthesia. After some manipulation I was able to push the distal end of the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus down into the lower part of the tendon sheath, and
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF RIGHT- AND LEFT-HANDEDNESS.
Authors: GEO. M. KELLOGG
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Much as this subject has been discussed, it does not seem to have been approached from the right point of view. The young infant is in evidence, whose manifestations and peculiarities have been entirely overlooked. First, there is no asymmetry of body or function in early infancy. The child uses its two arms, legs and hands equally well. If there is any heredity of one-sidedness, it does not appear. The first day of life one thing is especially manifest. Beyond all other parts of the body, the hands show greatest development in function. Flexion and extension of fingers, hands and arms are wonderfully perfect and truly bilateral. The first day of infant life the grasping power of the hands is extraordinary. If permitted to clasp a pole with both hands it does so with firmness and will easily sustain its entire weight for a prolonged period. All other parts of
Use of Ergonovine to Identify Esophageal Spasm in Patients with Chest Pain
Authors: GREGORY L. EASTWOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

We administered intravenous ergonovine maleate to 14 patients with chest pain resembling angina pectoris and to four healthy volunteers. Five of the patients experienced their typical chest pain after ergonovine, and manometric signs of esophageal spasm also developed. The remaining nine patients and the four volunteers did not experience chest pain, but all subjects except one had some symptomatic response to ergonovine, including chest warmth or heaviness, headache, mild choking sensation, facial numbness, flushing, or nausea. Two of the nine patients and one of the four volunteers developed manometric signs of esophageal spasm after ergonovine but experienced no chest pain. Intravenous ergonovine may be useful to identify esophageal spasm in selected patients with chest pain who have normal coronary arteries or in whom coronary artery disease is insufficient to explain symptoms. However, we believe that the potential risks of ergonovine do not justify its routine use as a provocative agent for esophageal spasm.
Priority-based assessment of food additives database of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
Authors: R D Benz, H Irausquin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The priority-based assessment of food additives (PAFA) is a database maintained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. PAFA contains extensive administrative, chemical, and toxicological information on 1685 regulated direct food additives. The database also has limited administrative and chemical information on an additional 1236 direct additives. The total 2921 substances represent everything added to food in the United States. PAFA contains up to 150 different kinds of information about each chemical. Administrative and chemical information includes Chemical Abstracts Service Registry numbers, Code of Federal Regulations citations, the annual usage and estimated daily U.S. human consumption, the Joint Committee on Food Additives Allowable Daily Intakes, the FDA Redbook structure categories of the chemicals, and their technical effects. Toxicology information shows the type of studies done for each chemical, the species of animals tested, the toxicological effects observed and the sites where they were seen, the lowest doses that cause a toxicological effect in each study, a source citation, and other types of related information.
Bone induction by biomimetic PLGA-(PEG-ASP)n copolymer loaded with a novel synthetic BMP-2-related peptide in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhen-Yu Lin, Zhi-Xia Duan, Xiao-Dong Guo, Jing-Feng Li, Hong-Wei Lu, Qi-Xin Zheng, Da-Ping Quan, Shu-Hua Yang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
The links between allergen skin test sensitivity, airway responsiveness and airway response to allergen
Authors: D. W. Cockcroft, B. E. Davis, L.‐P. Boulet, F. Deschesnes, G. M. Gauvreau, P. M. O'Byrne, R. M. Watson
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: The allergen‐induced early asthmatic response [provocation concentration (PC) 20 , the concentration causing a 20% forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) 1 fall] depends on the level of IgE sensitivity and the degree of nonallergic airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and can be predicted from histamine PC 20 and allergen skin test endpoint. Objectives: We examined the relationships between allergen PC 20 , methacholine PC 20 , and allergen skin test endpoint and assessed the accuracy of both the histamine PC 20 ‐based prediction of allergen PC 20 (using methacholine) and a new methacholine PC 20 ‐based prediction equation. Methods: From 158 allergen challenges, the allergen PC 20 , the methacholine PC 20 , and the skin test endpoint were recorded and relationships between these three were sought. We compared the measured allergen PC 20 to that predicted from the previous histamine PC 20 ‐based and the new methacholine‐based formulae. Results: In single regressions, allergen PC 20 correlated with both methacholine PC 20 ( r = 0.25, P = 0.0015) and skin test endpoint ( r = 0.52, P &lt; 0.00005). The relationship was improved by multiple regression of log‐allergen PC 20 vs. log‐methacholine PC 20 and log‐endpoint ( r = 0.61, P &lt; 0.00005). The histamine‐based formula predicted allergen PC 20 to within 2 doubling concentrations in 80% and within 3 in 92%. The new methacholine‐based formula to within 2 and 3 concentrations in 81% and 94%, respectively; only nine of 158 subjects were outside the 3 concentrations. Conclusions: We have confirmed the dependence of the allergen‐induced early asthmatic response upon the level of allergic sensitivity and the degree of AHR, the latter as assessed by methacholine challenge. The allergen PC 20 can be predicted to within 3 doubling concentrations in 94% of cases.
542 Induction of IgE synthesis and eosinophil (EOS) differentiation by supernatants (SUPS) of a human type 2 (Th2) helper t cell clone
Authors: D.Y.M. Leung, H. Jabara, S.J. Ackerman, D. Vercelli, R.S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
Dose-response relationship in multistage carcinogenesis: promoters.
Authors: K T Kitchin, J L Brown, R W Setzer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Published dose-response curves of promoters of multistage carcinogenesis were selected that met the combined criteria of long study times, multiple doses, and low doses. In rat liver, 12 dose-response studies of 7 different promoters (phenobarbital, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin [TCDD], clophen A-50 (a polychlorinated biphenyl), alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH], and chloroform) were selected. These promoters were studied for 7-86 weeks and either altered hepatic foci or hepatic cancer were determined. The doses ranged from 1 ng (TCDD) to 400 mg (chloroform). In mouse skin, 10 dose-response studies of 4 promoters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA], anthralin, chrysarobin, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroperoxyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone [BHTOOH]) were selected. In these mouse skin studies the doses ranged from 0.425 nmole (TPA) to 20,000 nmole (BHTOOH) per mouse. The length of time promoters were applied to the skin varied between 15 and 60 weeks. Either skin papillomas or carcinomas were determined. The dose-response relationships are presented on the basis of moles of promoter, percentage of the fully effective promoting dose, or percentage of the acute oral rat LD50. The degree of concavity of the dose-response curves was determined. The available dose-response data are critiqued and discussed on the basis of future research needs for biologically based cancer risk assessment models.
It's Over, Debbie
Authors: David A. Hyman
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I was astounded that you chose to publish "It's Over, Debbie."<sup>1</sup>Euthanasia, whether voluntary or not, is not an acceptable medical practice.<sup>2</sup>Neither is it legal, as a glance at the laws against murder will reveal. I find it ironic that at a time when physician participation in state-ordered executions has been criticized, the anonymous resident is willing to offer eternal rest to some of his patients.<sup>3,4</sup>The physician involved has no business practicing medicine and may shortly find himself behind bars. Physicians have no special status with regard to criminal statutes. The deliberate and intentional killing of a patient is a homicide. Although a murder prosecution may be "a poor way to design an ethical and moral code for physicians who are faced with decisions concerning the use of costly and extraordinary 'life support' equipment," it is the right way to pursue homicide.