tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NUTRITIVE ADEQUACY AND CLINICAL TOLERANCE OF MODIFIED HUMAN GLOBIN 1
Authors: George J. Gabuzda, Gerald B. Phillips, Charles S. Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)

The production of plasma and its fractions from whole blood has led to investigations of the use- fulness of the red cell residues.Globin, the protein moiety of hemoglobin, can be obtained in quantity from the red blood cells remaining after the plasma has been removed.Modification 8 (1) of this protein renders it suitable for intravenous use.Previous studies suggest that this material may have osmotic properties useful in treating shock and may be a source of protein for parenteral administration (2-7).The present investigation was designed to elucidate further the usefulness of modified human globin with particular regard to its nutritive value and clinical tolerance in man. MATERIALS AND METHODSClinical tolerance to intravenous infusions of modified human globin was observed in 20 convalescent patients, and the nutritive value of this protein was investigated by nitrogen balance studies in six male subjects.Four of these six subjects, M. M. age 50, J. R. age 35, F. O'D.age 60, and W. 0. age 43, were essentially normal except for a moderate degree of undernutrition; one, J. B. age 43, had minimal cirrhosis of the liver proven by biopsy; and one, J. G. age 28, was a normal medical student.None of the patients, except J. B., had evidence of liver or renal disease.They were maintained on the Thorndike metabolic ward and offered diets providing constant intakes of protein and calories.Dietary nitrogen and calorie intakes were calculated from standard food tables (8,9).Macro-Kjeldahl analysis of three separate lots of modified human globin yielded an average value for nitrogen content of 15.7 per cent.In these studies the conventional factor 6.25 was used to convert globin pro- tein to nitrogen.The nitrogen content of the isoleucine
Histamine Upregulates Gene Expression of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Huige Li, Christian Burkhardt, Ulf-Rüdiger Heinrich, Isolde Brausch, Ning Xia, Ulrich Förstermann
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Histamine has a short-term, transient, stimulating effect on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity; however, long-term effects on eNOS have not been described yet. In addition, the vascular effect of histamine seems to depend critically on eNOS functionality. Therefore, we studied the effects of histamine on eNOS gene expression and function.In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HUVEC-derived EA.hy 926 cells, histamine upregulated eNOS mRNA (RNase protection assay) and protein (electron microscopic immunocytochemistry) expression. The upregulation of eNOS could be prevented by mepyramine, a selective antagonist at the H1 receptor, but not by H2 and H3 receptor antagonists. Incubation of EA.hy 926 cells with histamine led to the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II; in vitro phosphorylation assay). The histamine-induced eNOS expression was completely prevented by KN-93, an inhibitor of CaMK II. Histamine increased the activity of a 1.6-kb human eNOS promoter fragment (luciferase reporter gene assay), an effect that was also blocked by mepyramine. Under normal conditions, eNOS upregulation by histamine resulted in increased nitric oxide production (measured by nitric oxide chemiluminescence and RFL-6 reporter cell assay). Under conditions of oxidative stress, however, the eNOS upregulated by histamine produced reactive oxygen species (CM-H2DCFDA oxidation-based fluorescence assay).Stimulation of the H1 receptor increases eNOS transcription in endothelial cells by a signaling pathway involving CaMK II. This eNOS upregulation may be protective under normal conditions, but it may become harmful under conditions of oxidative stress when eNOS produces reactive oxygen species at the expense of nitric oxide.
Will brain tissue grafts become an important therapy to restore visual function in cerebrally blind patients?
Authors: Reinhard Werth
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Grafting embryonic brain tissue into the brain of patients with visual field loss due to cerebral lesions may become a method to restore visual function. This method is not without risk, however, and will only be considered in cases of complete blindness after bilateral occipital lesions, when other, risk-free neuropsychological methods fail.
CD5 costimulation induces stable Th17 development by promoting IL-23R expression and sustained STAT3 activation
Authors: Jelle de Wit, Yuri Souwer, Astrid J. van Beelen, Rosa de Groot, Femke J. M. Muller, Hanny Klaasse Bos, Tineke Jorritsma, Martien L. Kapsenberg, Esther C. de Jong, S. Marieke van Ham
Journal: Blood (2011)
Defensive medical practices consume 35% of orthopaedic imaging costs, study finds
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

n-Propyl n-butyl, n-amyl, and n-heptyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid were evaluated for antimicrobial activity and effects on color and flavor, in Rosé and Sauterne wines produced from native American and hybrid grapes. Individually, the esters did not give adequate protection as preservative agents, since the concentrations necessary for complete protection exceeded either taste or solubility limitations. Combinations of n-propyl and n-heptyl esters, however, provided satisfactory control of microbial growth in the wine, at a normal level of contamination. The esters produced no adverse effects on color, nor did they protect the color from oxidative deterioration.
Senior doctors are accused of failing to protect female trainees and patients from a consultant who was the subject of a complaint
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Two senior doctors in charge of postgraduate training are accused of failing to take adequate steps to protect female trainees and patients from the sexually inappropriate behaviour of a consultant psychiatrist.

David Sowden, dean of postgraduate medicine at the University of Nottingham, and Richard Fox, director of postgraduate medical education for Nottinghamshire NHS Healthcare NHS Trust, should have instigated a formal investigation after a complaint in 2005, the General Medical Council alleges.

The psychiatrist has been named only as “Dr A,” but it was revealed that he was a consultant and medical director at Derbyshire Mental Health Services NHS Trust who treated “vulnerable young women.” He was dismissed …
Diffuse Peritoneal Metastases From Primary Colon Cancer Demonstrated by Tc-99m-Labeled Red Blood Cell Scintigraphy
Authors: Venanzio Valenza, Daniela Di Giuda, Germano Perotti, Arnaldo Carbone
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

An 80-year-old man, who underwent complex abdominal surgery for left colon cancer 2 years earlier, was hospitalized because of severe anemia and recurrent episodes of melena. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy did not reveal abnormal findings. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination and computed tomographic scan failed to detect tumor recurrence or metastatic lesions but moderate ascites was found. Tumoral marker serum levels were abnormal. Tc-99m red blood cell scintigraphy was performed and disclosed a potential site of intestinal hemorrhage: both dynamic and static images showed a slight but diffuse and persistent uptake of Tc-99m erythrocytes in the entire abdomen with no clear evidence of a site of active bleeding. These findings suggested diffuse peritoneal micrometastases, which were confirmed at autopsy.
Intermittent hemodialysis is superior to continuous veno-venous hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration to eliminate methanol and formate during treatment for methanol poisoning
Authors: Sergey Zakharov, Daniela Pelclova, Tomas Navratil, Jaromir Belacek, Ivana Kurcova, Ondrej Komzak, Tomas Salek, Jiri Latta, Radovan Turek, Robert Bocek, Cyril Kucera, Jaroslav A. Hubacek, Zdenka Fenclova, Vit Petrik, Martin Cermak, Knut Erik Hovda
Journal: Kidney International (2014)

During an outbreak of methanol poisonings in the Czech Republic in 2012, we were able to study methanol and formate elimination half-lives during intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration (CVVHD/HDF) and the relative impact of dialysate and blood flow rates on elimination. Data were obtained from 11 IHD and 13 CVVHD/HDF patients. Serum methanol and formate concentrations were measured by gas chromatography and an enzymatic method. The groups were relatively comparable, but the CVVHD/HDF group was significantly more acidotic (mean pH 6.9 vs. 7.1 IHD). The mean elimination half-life of methanol was 3.7 and formate 1.6 h with IHD, versus 8.1 and 3.6 h, respectively, with CVVHD/HDF (both significant). The 54% greater reduction in methanol and 56% reduction in formate elimination half-life during IHD resulted from the higher blood and dialysate flow rates. Increased blood and dialysate flow on the CVVHD/HDF also increased elimination significantly. Thus, IHD is superior to CVVHD/HDF for more rapid methanol and formate elimination, and if CVVHD/HDF is the only treatment available then elimination is greater with greater blood and dialysate flow rates.
Role of Acidosis in Renal Osteomalacia
Authors: M. Cochran, B. E. C. Nordin
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Of nine patients with uraemic osteomalacia, the underlying renal lesion was pyelonephritis in seven. All of the patients were characterized by impairment of acidifying power and severe metabolic acidosis. It is suggested that metabolic acidosis may be a definite factor in the pathogenesis of uraemic osteomalacia, possibly by reducing the proportion of trivalent phosphate in the plasma and/or by reducing plasma calcium.
Accidental narcosis. Contamination of compressed air system
Authors: L. K. Lackore
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In an attempt to avoid pulmonary oxygen toxicity from developing in patients whose ventilation is being continuously assisted with positive-pressure cycled ventilators, the ventilators may be driven by compressed air from a centralized compressor. The following case illustrates a potentially disastrous complication which can occur with the misuse of this system. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old quadriplegic white man had his ventilation assisted, or controlled, as needed by means of a rocking bed, a Thompson pneumobelt, and a pressure cycled ventilator which was powered by compressed air from a wall outlet. While the patient's ventilation was being controlled with the pressure cycled ventilator, his wife reported that he was less responsive than usual and kept wanting to go to sleep. About two hours later, a nurse found him to be completely unresponsive, and she was unable to obtain a blood pressure reading or to palpate his pulse clearly. She
Role of Stem Cell Factor and Granulocyte Colony–Stimulating Factor in Remodeling During Liver Regeneration
Authors: Fanyin Meng, Heather Francis, Shannon Glaser, Yuyan Han, Sharon DeMorrow, Allison Stokes, Dustin Staloch, Julie Venter, Melanie White, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Lola M. Reid, Gianfranco Alpini
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Functional pluripotent characteristics have been observed in specific subpopulations of hepatic cells that express some of the known cholangiocyte markers. Although evidence indicates that specific cytokines, granulocyte macrophage colony–stimulating factors (GM–CSFs), and stem cell factors (SCFs) may be candidate treatments for liver injury, the role of these cytokines in intrahepatic biliary epithelium remodeling is unknown. Thus, our aim was to characterize the specific cytokines that regulate the remodeling potentials of cholangiocytes after 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). The expression of the cytokines and their downstream signaling molecules was studied in rats after 70% PH by immunoblotting and in small and large murine cholangiocyte cultures (SMCCs and LMCCs) by immunocytochemistry and real–time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). There was a significant, stable increase in SCF and GM–CSF levels until 7 days after PH. Real–time PCR analysis revealed significant increases of key remodeling molecules, such as S100 calcium–binding protein A4 (S100A4) and miR–181b, after SCF plus GM–CSF administration in SMCCs. SMCCs produced significant amounts of soluble and bound SCFs and GM–CSFs in response to transforming growth factor–beta (TGF–β). When SMCCs were incubated with TGF–β plus anti–SCF+GM–CSF antibodies, there was a significant decrease in S100A4 expression. Furthermore, treatment of SMCCs with SCF+GM–CSF significantly increased matrix metalloproteinases (MMP–2 and MMP–9) messenger RNA as well as miR–181b expression, along with a reduction of metalloproteinase inhibitor 3. Levels of MMP–2, MMP–9, and miR–181b were also up–regulated in rat liver and isolated cholangiocytes after PH. Conclusion : Our data suggest that altered expression of SCF+GM–CSF after PH can contribute to biliary remodeling (e.g., post–transplantation) by functional deregulation of the activity of key signaling intermediates involved in cell expansion and multipotent differentiation. (Hepatology 2012;;55:209–221)
Variation of anatomic valve area during ejection in patients with valvular aortic stenosis evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiographic planimetry: comparison with traditional Doppler data
Authors: Marie Arsenault, Navroz Masani, Guiseppina Magni, Jiefen Yao, Luz Deras, Natesa Pandian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Nodular Glomerulosclerosis Suspected during Life in a Patient without Demonstrable Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Avery R. Harrington, H. Gerald Hare, William N. Chambers, Heinz Valtin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE idea that diabetic nephropathy may occur in the absence of overt diabetes mellitus is not new. However, most reported studies on this subject have been retrospective, and, as Freedman1 has pointed out, the clinical data available in such cases usually have not been adequate to exclude the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. In the patient described below, the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy was suspected more than two years before death, and efforts were made then to establish the presence of diabetes mellitus. Although this diagnosis could not be made during life autopsy revealed nodular glomerulosclerosis, which is considered to be . . .
Die zytologische Examination der Prostata: Erfahrungen mit einer vereinfachten Methode der Saugbiopsie an 1000 Fällen
Authors: E. Rohrhirsch, W. Schuck
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

Transrectal aspiration biopsy of the prostate after Franzén's procedure modified by Reuter is a simple, but sufficiently safe method to diagnose cancer of the prostate. It does not require special instruments or special preparation of the patient. It can be carried out at the office in the bent patient and does not require more time than does a rectal prostatic examination. The danger for the patient is reduced to a minimum by this method.
Paediatric origins of adult lung disease bullet 7: Cystic fibrosis
Authors: P Robinson
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Chemokine-dependent localization of specific B cell subsets within the immune microarchitecture is essential to ensure successful cognate interactions. Although cognate interactions between T cells and memory B cells (B<sub>mem</sub>) are essential for the secondary humoral immune responses, the chemokine response patterns of B<sub>mem</sub> cells are largely unknown. In contrast to naive B cells, this study shows that Ag-specific B<sub>mem</sub> cells have heightened expression of CCR6 and a selective chemotactic response to the CCR6 ligand, CCL20. Although CCR6 appears be nonessential for the initial clonal expansion and maintenance of B<sub>mem</sub>, CCR6 is essential for the ability of B<sub>mem</sub> to respond to a recall response to their cognate Ag. This dependency was deemed intrinsic by studies in CCR6-deficient mice and in bone marrow chimeric mice where CCR6 deficiency was limited to the B cell lineage. Finally, the mis-positioning of CCR6-deficient B<sub>mem</sub> was revealed by immunohistological analysis with an altered distribution of CCR6-deficient B<sub>mem</sub> from the marginal and perifollicular to the follicular/germinal center area.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a phase 3 multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lei Chen, Chao-Su Hu, Xiao-Zhong Chen, Guo-Qing Hu, Zhi-Bin Cheng, Yan Sun, Wei-Xiong Li, Yuan-Yuan Chen, Fang-Yun Xie, Shao-Bo Liang, Yong Chen, Ting-Ting Xu, Bin Li, Guo-Xian Long, Si-Yang Wang, Bao-Min Zheng, Ying Guo, Ying Sun, Yan-Ping Mao, Ling-Long Tang, Yu-Ming Chen, Meng-Zhong Liu, Jun Ma
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2011)
Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Diagnosis of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Ludivine Saby, Olivia Laas, Gilbert Habib, Serge Cammilleri, Julien Mancini, Laetitia Tessonnier, Jean-Paul Casalta, Frederique Gouriet, Alberto Riberi, Jean-Francois Avierinos, Frederic Collart, Olivier Mundler, Didier Raoult, Franck Thuny
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Clinical Effect of Homozygous ABCA4 Alleles in 18 Patients
Authors: Kaoru Fujinami, Panagiotis I. Sergouniotis, Alice E. Davidson, Donna S. Mackay, Kazushige Tsunoda, Kazuo Tsubota, Anthony G. Robson, Graham E. Holder, Anthony T. Moore, Michel Michaelides, Andrew R. Webster
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
The Fight about Fighting Cancer
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Several spectaculars have been mounted about the best way of fighting cancer. The producers represent a variety of interests. Some are convinced that an "intensified assault on cancer will produce extraordinary results." Others seek jurisdictional control or political gain. Whatever the motive, the shows put on by groups that wish to impose their system on all of cancer research seem inappropriate. They also contain elements of the inhuman and the irrational.Although cancer ranks number two in the United States as a killer of persons — two to three times as many die of cardiovascular disorders — it is by . . .
Atopic Disease and Pediatric Ambulatory Care
Authors: Bengt Kjellman, Rolf Pettersson
Journal: Allergy (1980)

This prospective study, concerning ambulatory pediatric cure in a Swedish county during a 1–year period shows that 24% of nil visits to pediatric reception centres were due to atopic diseases. Atopy answered for a large proportion of the visits to all of the live pediatric centres whether they were located at a hospital or at a health centre. Hyposensitization answered for 59% of the visits for atopy, asthma for 39% and allergic rhinoconjuctivitis for 50%. The geographical accessibility of the pediatric reception centre influenced the frequency of visits due to diseases other than atopy but not visits due to atopy. Whether the children lived in a community with a pediatric centre or not made little difference to frequency of attendance. This is probably due to intensive informal ion about atopic diseases in children addressed to the parents in the county. The balance between centralization and decentralization of an organization for ambulatory care of a topic children is discussed.
Fall in breast density is linked with lower risk of breast cancer, studies say
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Canada may soon see the introduction of a national pharmaceutical insurance system. New Zealand has a government-funded healthcare system used by all residents that operates within a tight cost-containment budget. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare the main mortality causes in Canada and New Zealand and examine listings in current Canadian provincial public drug plans and the New Zealand national drug formulary. <h3>Methods</h3> Age-standardized mortality rates from 1985 to 2014 and data on hospital discharges and average length of stay in hospital for Canada and New Zealand were obtained from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s website. Information on insured medications was obtained from Canadian provincial drug plan lists and the New Zealand Pharmaceutical Schedule current in mid-2019. <h3>Results</h3> Mortality rates for acute myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease were higher, on average over the 30-year observation period, in New Zealand, but rates for malignancies and respiratory disorders were similar in the two countries. Reimbursement listing rates for drugs for cancer and some cardiovascular indications were lower in New Zealand than in Canada. <h3>Conclusions</h3> New Zealand’s drug coverage system has contained costs, but it restricts or denies access to new innovative medicines with the potential to improve patients’ lives. Although a New Zealand-style national pharmacare scheme in Canada would offer the opportunity to restrain drug expenditure, it would likely fail to satisfy patients and healthcare providers and diminish health outcomes, resulting in higher costs in other healthcare sectors.
Physicians and Cost Control
Authors: Robert C. Osburne
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 December 1992Physicians and Cost ControlRobert C. Osburne, MDRobert C. Osburne, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-12-1059_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Dr. Sulmasy's article "Physicians, Cost Control, and Ethics" (1) is an interesting analysis of the complicated situation of today's physicians. He contends that it is immoral for physicians to assist in the allocation of resources in the care of patients. I think physicians have two professional imperatives, first to eliminate disease and suffering and second to work for the overall good of society. The divergence of these moral imperatives may result in what the author calls a "moral stress test," but this burden of stress must be borne as a professional responsibility.The author would also have...Reference1. Sulmasy D. Physicians, cost control, and ethics. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:920-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert C. Osburne, MDAffiliations: Health Partners of Alabama Suite 500 600 Beacon Parkway West Birmingham, AL 35209 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1992Volume 117, Issue 12Page: 1059-1060KeywordsPatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...