tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Left Ventricular HypertrophyT he major pumping chamber of the heart is the left ventricle.This heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta, the large blood vessel that delivers blood to the body' s tissues.If the left ventricle has to work too hard, its muscle hypertrophies (enlarges) and becomes thick.This is called left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).Because of the increased thickness, blood supply to the muscle itself may become inadequate.This can lead to cardiac ischemia (not enough blood and oxygen at the tissue level), myocardial infarction (heart attack), or heart failure.The November 17, 2004, issue of JAMA includes several articles about reducing the risks of heart failure and death from LVH by treating high blood pressure.
Evolution of Two-Component Signal Transduction
Authors: Kristin K. Koretke, Andrei N. Lupas, Patrick V. Warren, Martin Rosenberg, James R. Brown
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

Two-component signal transduction (TCST) systems are the principal means for coordinating responses to environmental changes in bacteria as well as some plants, fungi, protozoa, and archaea. These systems typically consist of a receptor histidine kinase, which reacts to an extracellular signal by phosphorylating a cytoplasmic response regulator, causing a change in cellular behavior. Although several model systems, including sporulation and chemotaxis, have been extensively studied, the evolutionary relationships between specific TCST systems are not well understood, and the ancestry of the signal transduction components is unclear. Phylogenetic trees of TCST components from 14 complete and 6 partial genomes, containing 183 histidine kinases and 220 response regulators, were constructed using distance methods. The trees showed extensive congruence in the positions of 11 recognizable phylogenetic clusters. Eukaryotic sequences were found almost exclusively in one cluster, which also showed the greatest extent of domain variability in its component proteins, and archaeal sequences mainly formed species-specific clusters. Three clusters in different parts of the kinase tree contained proteins with serine-phosphorylating activity. All kinases were found to be monophyletic with respect to other members of their superfamily, such as type II topoisomerases and Hsp90. Structural analysis further revealed significant similarity to the ATP-binding domain of eukaryotic protein kinases. TCST systems are of bacterial origin and radiated into archaea and eukaryotes by lateral gene transfer. Their components show extensive coevolution, suggesting that recombination has not been a major factor in their differentiation. Although histidine kinase activity is prevalent, serine kinases have evolved multiple times independently within this family, accompanied by a loss of the cognate response regulator(s). The structural and functional similarity between TCST kinases and eukaryotic protein kinases raises the possibility of a distant evolutionary relationship.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive mucin 1 is a sensitive biliary marker for human cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Atsushi Matsuda, Atsushi Kuno, Toru Kawamoto, Hideki Matsuzaki, Tatsuro Irimura, Yuzuru Ikehara, Yoh Zen, Yasuni Nakanuma, Masakazu Yamamoto, Nobuhiro Ohkohchi, Junichi Shoda, Jun Hirabayashi, Hisashi Narimatsu
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is an aggressive malignant tumor for which useful markers are not presently available for early and precise diagnosis. The aim of this study was therefore to identify a high-performance diagnostic marker with a special focus on glyco-alteration of glycoproteins. In the course of study, we found that Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) is the best probe to differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) lesions from normal bile duct epithelia (BDE) ( P &lt; 0.0001). The subsequent histochemical study confirmed ICC-specific WFA staining on 165 tissue specimens. On the other hand, the WFA staining was shown to be closely associated with that of MY.1E12 established previously against sialylated mucin 1 (MUC1) by double-staining experiments. Moreover, glyco-alteration of MUC1 could be verified by western blotting of WFA-captured bile samples from patients with CC patients. Thus, we attempted to construct an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for more convenient CC diagnosis, where WFA-coated plates, the specific monoclonal antibody MY.1E12, and the bile specimens from CC including ICC (n = 30) and benign diseases (n = 38) were combined. As a result, CC was clearly distinguished from benign diseases with statistical scores (sensitivity = 90.0%, specificity = 76.3%, and area under the curve = 0.85). As a particular note, the obtained sensitivity is the highest score among those having been so far reported. Conclusion: Our approach focusing significant glyco-alteration of a particular glycoprotein yielded a novel diagnostic system for CC with satisfactory clinical scores. Hepatology 2010
Role of the neurologist in hazard identification and risk assessment.
Authors: R G Feldman, R F White
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

This review describes strategies used by a clinical neurologist in the investigation of neurotoxic disease. It emphasizes the need for a high level of suspicion that environmental substances are capable of producing impairments in neurologic and neurobehavioral functions. Because of the difficulties in differentiating neurotoxic from nonneurotoxic disease when presented with common neurological symptoms, it is necessary to rely upon corroborative evidence from past medical records, work and environmental histories, and exposure data, as well as detailed neurological examinations, to reach a conclusion about causation. Sensitive electrophysiologic and neuropsychologic test batteries are useful in identifying subclinical impairments and in providing objective confirmation of abnormalities in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Combining scientific and epidemiologic information with experience and clinical judgment, these sources of information are used in the formulation of a clinical diagnosis. When many patients among a group of people are exposed to neurotoxicants, the effects of the exposure may vary from one to another because of differences in susceptibility, duration of exposure and dosage of neurotoxicant, and other possible risk factors. Group statistics may obscure a significant effect for the larger group, despite clinically obvious effects in an individual. The neurologist applies clinical skills and refers to the accumulated neurotoxicologic literature as a frame of reference to make a diagnosis about an individual patient or a group of patients who have been exposed to particular neurotoxicants. The Boston University Environmental Neurology Assessment (BUENA) is a scheme that attempts to combine epidemiologic methodology and clinical approaches to detect effects of neurotoxic exposure. The advantages and limitations of such a strategy are discussed.
Cameron proposes radical changes to England's NHS reforms
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

David Cameron has announced major concessions to critics of the government’s earlier plans to reform the NHS in a speech in London on 7 June.

Whereas health secretary Andrew Lansley emphasised competition with commissioners having to buy care from any willing provider ( BMJ 2010;341:doi:10.1136/bmj.c3843), the revised plans stress integration as the future of the NHS.

Consultants and nurses will be involved in commissioning care alongside GPs, said the prime minister in his speech at a central London hospital. And the NHS regulator Monitor would have a new duty to promote integration of care “whether that’s between primary and secondary care, mental and physical care, or health and social care.” New “clinical senates” are also to be introduced that will oversee …
Medicare spending could be cut if physicians were rewarded for better health outcomes, not sheer volume of care, experts agree
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The differential diagnosis of subacute onset ataxia in the setting of enteropathy is wide. A 54 year old patient with a pancerebellar syndrome and known ulcerative jejunoileitis is described. Small bowel biopsy showed evidence of enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma and subsequent neuropathological analysis and immunophenotyping confirmed metastasis of this tumour to the cerebellum. The presence of anti-gliadin antibodies and MRI evidence of a more longstanding process suggested additional immunologically mediated cerebellar dysfunction. Lymphomatous involvement of the CNS is rare in patients with complicated enteropathies, and has not been previously reported to involve the cerebellar parenchyma. This diagnostic possibility should be borne in mind before attributing cerebellar dysfunction in patients with the coeliac related enteropathies to nutritional compromise or immunological dysfunction (gluten ataxia) alone.
The thymic epithelial microRNA network elevates the threshold for infection-associated thymic involution via miR-29a mediated suppression of the IFN-α receptor
Authors: Aikaterini S Papadopoulou, James Dooley, Michelle A Linterman, Wim Pierson, Olga Ucar, Bruno Kyewski, Saulius Zuklys, Georg A Hollander, Patrick Matthys, Daniel H D Gray, Bart De Strooper, Adrian Liston
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)
Late‐onset pulmonary arterial hypertension in association with graft‐versus‐host disease after allogeneic stem‐cell transplantation
Authors: Andrew Grigg, Malcolm Buchanan, Helen Whitford
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been reported only rarely after allografting. Cases have all been in young patients, occurred within 6 months of transplant and been attributed to direct toxicity of chemoradiotherapy on the pulmonary vasculature. This case describes the late onset of PAH in a 36‐year‐old woman on a background of acute and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Open lung biopsy demonstrated medial hypertrophy and intimal proliferation in small pulmonary arteries and arterioles, with no evidence of secondary causes such as thromboembolism, vasculitis, interstitial lung disease, or obliterative bronchiolitis. Therapy with bosentan produced symptomatic improvement. While the possibility of coincidental “idiopathic” PAH cannot be excluded, the clinical context suggests that pulmonary vessels may be a target for GVHD post‐allograft. Am. J. Hematol. 80:38–42, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sexual harassment at work.
Authors: P. Forster
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Unwanted physical contact such as unnecessary touching, patting, or pinching of another employee's body * Demands for sexual favours in return for promotion * Unwelcome sexual advances or propositions * Continued suggestions for social activity outside the workplace after it has been made clear that such suggestions are unwelcome * Offensive flirtations * Suggestive remarks, innuendos, or lewd comments * Display of sexually suggestive pin ups or calendars * Leering or eyeing up a person's body * Derogatory remarks which are gender related * Sexual assault * Offensive comments about appearance or dress that are gender related * Sexist or patronising behaviour
Clinical significance of extrapyramidal signs in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Rodrigo Jover, Luís Compañy, Ana Gutiérrez, Macarena Lorente, Pedro Zapater, María J. Poveda, José Such, Sonia Pascual, José M. Palazón, Fernando Carnicer, Francisco Ferrandis, Miguel Pérez-Mateo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Granular parakeratosis: four paediatric cases
Authors: A. Patrizi, I. Neri, C. Misciali, P.A. Fanti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Granular parakeratosis: four paediatric cases Get access A. Patrizi, A. Patrizi Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, 40138 Bologna, Italy Annalisa Patrizi. E‐mail: patrizi@almadns.unibo.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Neri, I. Neri Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, 40138 Bologna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Misciali, C. Misciali Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, 40138 Bologna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.A. Fanti P.A. Fanti Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, 40138 Bologna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 5, 1 November 2002, Pages 1003–1006, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04953.x Published: 01 November 2002 Article history Accepted: 28 March 2002 Published: 01 November 2002
Serum Lipids After a Low-Fat Diet
Authors: DeaN Ornish
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A CASE OK ACUTE DISSEMINATED LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: NECROPSY DISCLOSING ACUTE ENDOCARDITIS, BUT NOT TUBERCULOSIS.*
Authors: FEED D. WEIDMAN, ROBERT L. GILMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1931)

Journal Article A CASE OK ACUTE DISSEMINATED LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: NECROPSY DISCLOSING ACUTE ENDOCARDITIS, BUT NOT TUBERCULOSIS. Get access FEED D. WEIDMAN, M.D., FEED D. WEIDMAN, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROBERT L. GILMAN, M.D. ROBERT L. GILMAN, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 43, Issue 12, 1 December 1931, Pages 641–647, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1931.tb09463.x Published: 01 December 1931
Cholesterol Lowering and Ezetimibe
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen, John A. Jarcho, Stephen Morrissey, Gregory D. Curfman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In this issue of the Journal, we publish the results of the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression (ENHANCE) trial,1 which addresses the question of whether additional lowering of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with ezetimibe beyond the level achieved with simvastatin beneficially affects the progression of atherosclerosis. As a surrogate clinical marker for such progression, the study used imaging of the intima–media thickness of the carotid and femoral arteries. In contrast to statins, which lower LDL cholesterol by increasing its clearance, ezetimibe selectively inhibits the absorption of cholesterol by binding to Niemann–Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein, which is . . .
CD166 regulates human and murine hematopoietic stem cells and the hematopoietic niche
Authors: Brahmananda Reddy Chitteti, Michihiro Kobayashi, Yinghua Cheng, Huajia Zhang, Bradley A. Poteat, Hal E. Broxmeyer, Louis M. Pelus, Helmut Hanenberg, Amy Zollman, Malgorzata M. Kamocka, Nadia Carlesso, Angelo A. Cardoso, Melissa A. Kacena, Edward F. Srour
Journal: Blood (2014)
Detection of serum cardiac myosin light chains in acute experimental myocardial infarction: radioimmunoassay of cardiac myosin light chains.
Authors: B A Khaw, H K Gold, J T Fallon, E Haber
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To develop a more specific plasma test for myocardial infarction, antibodies specific for cardiac myosin light chains (CM-LC) were elicited that showed less than 3% cross-reactivity with skeletal muscle light chains. These antibodies were used to develop a radioimmunoassay for CM-LC that had a sensitivity of 20 ng (+/- 4 SD; P less than 0.001). Normal dog plasma showed no measurable concentrations of CM-LC (n = 6). Plasma samples from 10 dogs with experimental myocardial infarction produced by persistent left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion were obtained at 0, 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. CM-LC were first detectable in all 10 animals 6 hours after occlusion (97.98 +/- 14 ng/ml [mean +/- SEM]; P less than 0.001). Maximal CM-LC levels were usually obtained between 24 and 48 hours. Sham-operated open chest dogs (0--48 hours, n = 3) showed no measurable CM-LC in the plasma samples. Another group of 10 dogs were subjected to 5 hours of LAD occlusion, followed by reperfusion. In four dogs, CM-LC were detectable as early as 1 hour after reperfusion (81.88 +/- 37.75 ng/ml serum). Sera from all 10 dogs showed elevated levels of CM-LC (199.75 +/- 24.0 ng/ml) by 24 hours. Peak CM-LC concentrations were obtained in five dogs at 24 hours (247.0 +/- 35.28 ng/ml) and in another dog at 120 hours (245 ng/ml). Histochemical infarct size was determined to be 0.5--10% of the left ventricular mass at seven days by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The specificity and sensitivity of this radioimmunoassay for detection of CM-LC, unique proteins to the heart, may be valuable in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Juvenile temporal arteritis. Biopsy study of four cases
Authors: J. T. Lie
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Two young adults (aged 21 and 22 years) and two children (aged 7 and 8 years) complained of an unsightly, soft, painless unilateral nodule in the temporal region, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm in diameter, clinically diagnosed as lipoma, sebaceous cyst, or dermoid cyst. In each instance, the patient had no evidence of systemic disease or history of trauma, and the nodule was excised for cosmetic reasons. Histologic examination of the lesions showed non-giant-cell granulomatous inflammation of the temporal arteries with intimal proliferation and microaneurysmal disruption of the media. Whether the lesions represent a juvenile form of temporal arteritis, an unusual form of localized polyarteritis nodosa, or Kimura disease (subcutaneous angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia) remains conjectural. (<i>JAMA</i>234:496-499, 1975)
RELIABILITY OF PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES : 1. A CRITIQUE OF SYSTEMATIC STUDIES
Authors: AARON T. BECK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

Pertinent systematic studies of the reliability of psychiatric diagnosis were critically examined. It was pointed out that each of these studies presented certain methodological problems which made their findings inconclusive. An experimental design was presented to meet these problems and thus yield a more informative index of reliability. By systematically varying the important variables, such as the level of experience of the psychiatrists, the time interval between interviews, the use of ancillary information, and the degree of refinement of the nosological categories, it will be possible to determine their effects on reliability.
A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE TRANSMISSION OF PATHOGENIC GERMS BY THE COMMON HOUSE-FLY.
Authors: JACOLYN MANNING
Journal: JAMA (1902)

William Hamilton Gibson, the naturalist and artist, called attention to a troublesome parasite of the housefly, the microscopic, red, false scorpion. A careful scrutiny of a sheet of adhesive fly-paper in use will show many victims of this inconvenient little handicap, which, once anchored to the fly's leg, remains there, an animated and persistent tag. A more serious and fatal enemy is the fly fungus, which "silences more house-flies than all the traps and poisons devoted to their extermination." This germ-scourge of flies kills them swiftly, and continues to grow with such rapidity that it perforates the body of its host and spreads around him on the wall or window-glass a white shroud of mold, from which spores are wafted, to the peril of next year's flies. That the housefly acts as host to this fungus is apparent to any one who will examine with a hand lens one of
The Randomized Linxian Dysplasia Nutrition Intervention Trial After 26 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Jian-Bing Wang, Christian C. Abnet, Jin-Hu Fan, You-Lin Qiao, Philip R. Taylor
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Correspondence to: You-Lin Qiao, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Hospital/Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Beijing 100021, PR China (nc.ca.smacic@yoaiq); and Philip R Taylor, Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Blvd, Rm 7006, Rockville, Maryland, 20852-7236, USA (vog.hin.liam@rolyatp)

Although substantial numbers of people worldwide take multivitamin supplements, including an estimated 40% or more of US adults, their effectiveness remains unclear. Recent reports from the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS) II, a randomized trial of daily multivitamins, found fewer total cancers in multivitamin recipients, but no effect on overall or cause-specific mortality 1, 2 in a Western population that was well nourished. However, few multivitamin trials have been conducted in under-nourished populations where the potential for benefit is most likely.

In 1985, we initiated the Linxian Dysplasia Nutrition Intervention Trial (NIT) to evaluate the effect of multivitamin supplements on cancer incidence and mortality in Linxian, China, a region with extremely high rates of esophageal and gastric cardia cancer and multiple vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Individuals with a previous cytological diagnosis of esophageal squamous dysplasia were randomized to receive multivitamin supplementation or placebo for six years.3 Results after the six-year intervention period showed no statistically significant benefit on mortality.4 However, an additional 20 years of active follow-up after cessation of the intervention gave us the opportunity to examine the long-term effects of supplementation.

The purpose of this report is to update results of the Linxian Dysplasia NIT after 26 years of follow-up to provide data informative on the effect of multivitamin supplementation on mortality in an under-nourished population. Our findings should be helpful for clinical practice and public health recommendations.
Employment of Psychiatric Patients
Authors: J. K. W. Morrice
Journal: BMJ (1970)

KWIJOULfrequent intervals, partly to assess our attempts to modify the fatal course of the illness, and partly to bring what comfort and support we can to the patients and their relatives in the face of the inevitable.Some years ago, a suggestion that this degenerative disease might be metabolic in origin and correlatable with aminoacid therapy led one of us to try the effect of high dosage of aminoacids, glycocyamine and betaine,l but that idea, like all others, proved totally ineffectual.Later we ventured into a similarly fruitless (and unreported) essay using raw liver.