tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION IN DOGS OF ACUTE STOMATITIS, ASSOCIATED WITH LEUCOPENIA AND A MATURATION DEFECT OF THE MYELOID ELEMENTS OF THE BONE MARROW
Authors: D. K. Miller, C. P. Rhoads
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

An ulcerative stomatitis associated with leucopenia and granulopenia can be induced in dogs by means of a diet causing black tongue. The decrease of circulating leucocytes is due to a suppression of maturation of the erythropoietic elements of the bone marrow. The changes as a whole have a resemblance to those occurring in human beings with acute agranulocytosis.
Metabolic modulation of cardiac neurosympathetic activity in vivo: effects of potassium and adenosine
Authors: J C FORFAR, R A RIEMERSMA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

The effects of intracoronary (LAD) infusion of potassium and adenosine on changes in coronary vascular resistance and regional cardiac noradrenaline overflow during graded cardiac sympathetic stimulation were assessed in non-ischaemic myocardium in the open chest anaesthetised dog. Intracoronary potassium at three concentration (10, 25, 75 mmol.litre-1) progressively increased the potassium content of local venous effluent from 3.6 to 9.4 mmol.litre-1 and produced biphasic effects on nerve stimulated regional noradrenaline overflow. At low dose it was inhibitory (peak overflow at 20 Hz stimulation being reduced from (mean(SEM)) 10.2(2.6) to 2.9(1.8) pmol.ml-1 with 10 mmol.litre-1 potassium chloride; p less than 0.01). At high dose, overflow was potentiated to 13.3(2.7) pmol.ml-1 with 75 mmol.litre-1 potassium chloride (p less than 0.05). Noradrenaline overflow from and the potassium content of circumflex territory venous effluent was unchanged. Intracoronary adenosine at high concentration (10(-3) and 10(-2) mol.litre-1) potentiated basal noradrenaline overflow from the heart producing a small negative arteriovenous concentration difference of 0.6(0.7) and 1.0(0.6) pmol.ml-1 respectively. However, noradrenaline overflow during maximal sympathetic stimulation was inhibited from 3.8(1.4) to 0.4(0.7) pmol.ml-1 with 10(-3) mol.litre-1 adenosine and to 0.7(0.6) pmol.ml-1 with 10(-2) mol.litre-1 adenosine (p less than 0.05). The changes in blood flow and coronary vascular resistance seen with sympathetic stimulation were not modified by adenosine, despite major alteration in basal coronary vascular tone. Thus both metabolites may potentially alter local neurosympathetic activity in ischaemic myocardium and act diversely to determine noradrenaline release at the nerve terminal.
Enhanced aldosterone response to angiotensin II in human hypertension.
Authors: E S Kisch, R G Dluhy, G H Williams
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Adrenal and vascular responsiveness to graded doses of angiotensin II (A II) were recorded for seven normal subjects and 12 patients with essential hypertension while in balance on an intake of 200 mEq sodium/100 mEq potassium. Patients with essential hypertension had been previously studied and known to have normal responses of plasma renin activity to sodium restriction and upright posture. A II was administered for 30 minutes at rates of 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 ng/kg per minute and plasma aldosterone responses were assessed 20 and 30 minutes later; blood pressure was monitored at intervals of 1 minute during infusion of A II at each rate. A significant increment in plasma aldosterone occurred at an infusion rate of 0.3 ng/kg per minute in patients with hypertension. This change was not seen until the infusion rate reached 1.0 ng/kg per minute in the normotensive control subjects. Even at an A II infusion rate of 1 ng/kg per minute, the increment in plasma aldosterone levels in normotensive subjects (4.2 +/- 0.6 ng/dl) was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than that in patients with essential hypertension (19 +/- 3 ng/dl). In both groups, a significant rise in mean arterial blood pressure occurred at an A II dose of 0.3 ng/kg per minute, but the pressor response of the hypertensive group was significantly greater at the highest infusion rate (3 ng/kg per minute) (P less than 0.05). Thus, enhanced adrenal and pressor responsiveness to infused A II was observed in the hypertensive subjects, suggesting a change in A II receptor affinity.
Use of neurosurgery for psychological disorder in British Isles during 1974--6.
Authors: B M Barraclough, N A Mitchell-Heggs
Journal: BMJ (1978)

All 44 neurosurgical units in the British Isles replied to a postal questionnaire asking about their use of neurosurgery during 1974--6 for functional mental illness. A total of 431 operations was reported, representing a yearly rate of 3.4 operations per million population aged over 15. The numbers of operations declined from 158 in 1974 to 119 in 1976. Four units did two-thirds of the operations. Stereotactic methods for locating the site for the lesion were used in two-thirds of procedures. Mood disorders, anxiety states, and obsessive-compulsive neurosis were the conditions most commonly treated.
Flux balance analysis accounting for metabolite dilution
Authors: Tomer Benyamini, Ori Folger, Eytan Ruppin, Tomer Shlomi
Journal: Genome biology (2010)

Abstract Flux balance analysis is a common method for predicting steady-state flux distributions within metabolic networks, accounting for the growth demand for the synthesis of a predefined set of essential biomass precursors. Ignoring the growth demand for the synthesis of intermediate metabolites required for balancing their dilution leads flux balance analysis to false predictions in some cases. Here, we present metabolite dilution flux balance analysis, which addresses this problem, resulting in improved metabolic phenotype predictions.
Jaundice after multiple halothane anaesthetics administered during the treatment of carcinoma of the uterus
Authors: P. Davis, C. D. Holdsworth
Journal: Gut (1973)

Halothane is thought to cause hepatitis after multiple exposures in certain susceptible patients. Patients undergoing repeated anaesthetics for insertion of radioactive implants for gynaecological neoplasia appear to be particularly at risk. We are reporting three cases in which hepatitis has followed multiple halothane anaesthetics, and discuss them with reference to our present knowledge of this complication.
Ear, nose, and throat symptoms in subacute Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: W D Jeans
Journal: BMJ (1989)

continuous hours on duty would be 24; and on most on cover nights the house officer should have an uninterrupted eight hours sleep.Units of medical time (UMTs) should not be affected as the number of hours or workload is not reduced: the second on arrangement only reallocates duties,
Cocain in Tucker Asthma Cure.
Authors: N. P. McGay
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Shiloh, O., Aug. 28, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the article of Dr. Vickery on "Cocain in Tucker Asthma Cure" inThe JournalA. M. A., Aug. 4, 1906. I wish to thank the author for his report and to commend his suggestion as to what ought to be done to suppress such a "cure." I had a case here, with all the symptoms of acute cocain poisoning, as the result of using the above preparation. The patient was a child 5 years of age, and I can assure you that a "remedy" that will produce as marked symptoms of poisoning in as short a time as does the Tucker Asthma Cure, needs to be removed from the market, or at least labeled as to its contents, and not retailed to an unsuspecting public as a harmless asthma cure.
Angiotensin II Induces Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Gene Expression in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Xi-Lin Chen, Pradyumna E. Tummala, Matthew T. Olbrych, R. Wayne Alexander, Russell M. Medford
Journal: Circulation Research (1998)

Abstract —Monocyte infiltration into the vessel wall, a key initial step in the process of atherosclerosis, is mediated in part by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Hypertension, particularly in the presence of an activated renin-angiotensin system, is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. To investigate a potential molecular basis for a link between hypertension and atherosclerosis, we studied the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on MCP-1 gene expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Rat smooth muscle cells treated with Ang II exhibited a dose-dependent increase in MCP-1 mRNA accumulation that was prevented by the AT 1 receptor antagonist losartan. Ang II also activated MCP-1 gene transcription. Inhibition of NADH/NADPH oxidase, which generates superoxide and H 2 O 2 , with diphenylene iodonium or apocynin decreased Ang II–induced MCP-1 mRNA accumulation. Induction of MCP-1 gene expression by Ang II was inhibited by catalase, suggesting a second messenger role for H 2 O 2 . The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor PD098059 inhibited Ang II–induced MCP-1 gene expression, consistent with a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling mechanism. Ang II may thus promote atherogenesis by direct activation of MCP-1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Leucapheresis in severe rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J Tenenbaum, M B Urowitz, E C Keystone, I L Dwosh, J E Curtis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Two patients with severe seropositive rheumatoid arthritis previously unresponsive to conventional therapy have been treated with leucapheresis. This technique involves continuous cell separation daily to remove primarily lymphocytes. Clinical improvement was recorded with the use of standard rheumatological measures of inflammation. It is concluded that leucapheresis may help in the management of severely active rheumatoid arthritis when conventional therapy has been unsuccessful.
Abstract 3240: Proximal human aberrant crypt foci as surrogate markers of colorectal cancer risk
Authors: David A. Drew, Matthew P. Hanley, Allen Mo, Gyuhyeong Goh, Nicole A. Horelik, Thomas J. Devers, Joel Levine, Richard G. Stevens, James J. Grady, Daniel W. Rosenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Despite effective use of screening colonoscopy, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. ‘Interval’ cancers, or those occurring between screening colonoscopy procedures, are often found within the proximal (right) colon, underscoring the need for advanced screening approaches using high-definition chromoendoscopy. To better define the colonic mucosa at-risk, we have focused considerable effort on identification and molecular analysis of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), an early macroscopically detectable lesion commonly found in the distal colon. ACF may serve as a surrogate marker of cancer risk, but have rarely been studied within context of the right colon. We hypothesize that proximal ACF may associate with risk factors for CRC and act as a surrogate marker for CRC risk. While distal ACF are frequent (approximately 13 per patient) proximal ACF are not (&amp;lt;1 per patient). We report that subjects with at least one proximal ACF are significantly more likely to have higher ACF multiplicity (p = 0.0002) and more importantly, are more likely to harbor synchronous colonic neoplasia (OR=2.38 [1.24-4.59], p = 0.0087). Histologically, proximal ACF are more frequently dysplastic (41%) compared to distal colon ACF (8%). ACF (n=49) were analyzed for a panel of oncogenes and tumor suppressors using mass spectrometry (MS)-based genotyping (Sequenom). Among the 112 targets analyzed, after KRAS (20%) and BRAF (22%), APC mutations (12%) were most common and specifically associated with dysplasia. Due to their diminutive size and flat morphology, proximal ACF are almost certainly missed during routine colonoscopy. However, our findings suggest that the identification, removal and analysis of proximal ACF may be especially important during screening colonoscopy of high-risk individuals. Citation Format: David A. Drew, Matthew P. Hanley, Allen Mo, Gyuhyeong Goh, Nicole A. Horelik, Thomas J. Devers, Joel Levine, Richard G. Stevens, James J. Grady, Daniel W. Rosenberg. Proximal human aberrant crypt foci as surrogate markers of colorectal cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3240. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3240
What Are the Factors Determining Authorship and the Order of the Authors' Names?
Authors: Wendela P. Hoen, Henk C. Walvoort, A. John P. M. Overbeke
Journal: JAMA (1998)

From 1994 to 1995 through 1996 to 1997, 61 (46%) of the 133 authorship issues were from faculty and 45 (34%) were from postdoctoral fellows, interns, or residents.Of these issues, 70 (53%) originated from female complainants and 63 (47%) from males.However, the female complaints represented an average of 0.35% of their smaller average population while male complaints represented only 0.20% of theirs.The total non-US citizen population of faculty, staff, trainees, and students is not available.However, cases including acknowledgment through publication have grown from 4% of the non-US citizen complaints in 1991-1992 to 21% in 1996-1997. COMMENTThe increase in reported authorship disputes has been far greater than the increase in either total issues brought to the Ombuds Office or in the size of the population served.It occurred despite the Harvard Medical School's schoolwide guidelines.Females report more difficulties than males.Non-US citizens may have similar problems coping with the credit assignment system.With the absence of other similar published evidence, it is only a supposition that similar phenomena are occurring at other medical research institutions.My suggestions reflect an assumption that these problems are widespread in the "culture of credit." 3 Some suggestions as to what would reduce the incidence and impact of authorship conflict are as follows:1. Departments should establish their own detailed, written guidelines on authorship practices and make them available to everyone.These guidelines should be discussed both prior to the onset of a relationship and regularly so that people are comfortable asking questions about their work and how it will be credited.2. It is unreasonable for institutions to promise that they can protect individuals from retaliation for coming forward to complain through formal grievance procedures.Therefore, informal confidential channels, such as an Ombuds Office, can offer an important mechanism to encourage corrective ac-tion by management without compromising an individual.3. Discussions about achieving credit for research are best done within the research unit.This suggests training department heads to better manage the credit allocation process.
Long term transtracheal oxygen delivery through microcatheter in patients with hypoxaemia due to chronic obstructive airways disease.
Authors: N R Banner, J R Govan
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Transtracheal administration of oxygen is a new technique for long term treatment. Twenty patients with hypoxaemia due to chronic obstructive airways disease were studied while receiving oxygen through a microcatheter inserted percutaneously into the trachea. By bypassing most of the dead space and avoiding oxygen wastage at the face this method of delivery reduced oxygen requirements by roughly half compared with delivery through nasal cannulas, thus reducing costs and facilitating portable treatment. Twelve of these patients continued to use the system for up to 13 months in preference to using nasal cannulas. Two important complications were a staphylococcal infection and a fractured catheter. Transtracheal oxygen reduced breathlessness and helped patients with routine daily activities. Transtracheal administration of oxygen is a practical method of treatment which may have an important role in rehabilitating patients with chronic lung disease.
MEIS1 regulates an HLF–oxidative stress axis in MLL-fusion gene leukemia
Authors: Jayeeta Roychoudhury, Jason P. Clark, Gabriel Gracia-Maldonado, Zeenath Unnisa, Mark Wunderlich, Kevin A. Link, Nupur Dasgupta, Bruce Aronow, Gang Huang, James C. Mulloy, Ashish R. Kumar
Journal: Blood (2015)
Audit of 26 years of obstetrics in general practice.
Authors: A. Prentice, N. Perks, S. M. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1989)

the unique problems this most distressing disorder causes in children.Early diagnosis of growth retardation by regularly recording simple anthro- pometric data would then be the norm rather than the exception, allowing treatment aimed at reversing growth failure to be started before it is too late.
Genetic effects of dioxins in the spot test with mice.
Authors: R Fahrig
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

More than any other environmental chemicals, dioxins have been in the limelight of public interest for about 10 years. In addition to carcinogenicity, genetic risk is a cause for concern. Mutagenicity tests performed so far do not give a clear picture. The mutagenic potential of dioxins has to be considered weak or absent. Therefore, it seemed profitable to investigate comutagenicity and co-recombinogenicity of dioxins more thoroughly. The only useful method for investigating comutagenicity and co-recombinogenicity of dioxins in vivo is the spot test with mice. In this test system, a number of cocarcinogens and tumor promoters have shown comutagenic or co-recombinogenic effects. In the present study, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and two environmental dioxin mixtures [pentachlorodibenzodioxin (PCDD) 1 and 2] were tested for genetic activity. Given alone, no mutagenic or recombinogenic effects could be observed. In combination with the carcinogenic mutagen ethyl nitrosourea (ENU) at concentrations of 128 micrograms/kg for PCCD 2, 314 micrograms/kg for PCDD 1, and 3 micrograms/kg for TCDD, a doubling of the genetic effectiveness of ENU was observed. The genetic risk can roughly be considered as 1:0.02 for TCDD:PCDD 2 and 1:0.01 for TCDD:PCDD 1. While PCDD 1 and 2 seem to enhance the mutagenic as well as the recombinogenic potential of ENU, TCDD showed mainly co-recombinogenic and antimutagenic activity. This characteristic indicates that TCDD is mainly a tumor promoter.
No-Smoking Policies in Hospitals-Reply
Authors: Anne M. Joseph
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —Mr Sceppa raises an important dilemma in implementation of institutional smoking policies. In hospitals, restrictions are designed to protect the health of the majority of patients, employees, and visitors who do not smoke. They are not intended, as Sceppa implies, to replace smokers' personal ethic with one of health promotion or longevity. While this would be a beneficial effect, it is difficult to show that policies change patients' smoking habits. Protection of ill patients from the effects of environmental tobacco smoke is an ethical issue as well as a medical one. Certainly, patients have the right to smoke, with its attendant health risks, but only as long as they don't harm others in the process.  To respect a patient's right to choose the health risk of smoking, they would have to be directed somewhere within the hospital. To adequately ventilate smoking accommodations requires a separate air circulation system,
676. AAV-Rep 78 Mediated Rescue and Integration of a 27kb Transgene Cassette
Authors: Hongjie Wang, Andre Lieber
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Random integration of viral gene therapy vectors and subsequent activation or disruption of cellular genes poses safety risks. Major efforts in the field are aimed toward targeting vector integration to specific sites in the host genome. AAV Rep78 is able to target AAV integration vectors to a specific site on human chromosome 19 called AAVS1. We studied whether this ability can be harnessed to achieve site-specific integration of a 27 kb transgene cassette into a model cell line for hematopoietic cells (Mo7e). To deliver Rep78 and the transgene to MO7e cells we used helper-dependent adenovirus vectors containing Ad serotype 35 fibers (HD-Ad). An HD-Ad containing the rep78 gene conferred efficient Rep 78 expression in target cells. Upon co-infection of HD-Ad-rep78 with an HD-Ad vector containing a 27k β-globin-LCR-GFP transgene cassette flanked by AAV ITRs (HD-Ad.AAV-LCR), efficient Rep78- mediated rescue/excision of the transgene cassette was observed in 293 cells but not in MO7e cells. We found that rescue in 293 cells was enhanced due to expression of viral proteins, specifically proteins encoded by Ad5 E2a and E4orf6. Although no rescue of the LCR-GFP cassette was detectable in MO7e cells, co-infection of HD-Ad.rep78 increased the overall stable transduction frequency of HD.Ad.AAV-LCR and mediated integration of the transgene cassette into AAV-S1. (40% of all analyzed vector junction were in AAVS1). Interestingly, analysis of integration junctions revealed that Ad integration occurred in 80% of sites via the Ad ITR and only in 20% of sites via the AAV ITR. No rearrangements within AAV-S1 or AAV-S1 specific transgene integration were observed when HD- Ad.AAV-LCR was infected onto MO7e cells without the Rep78- expressing HD Ad vector. Our data indicate that rescue of the AAV- ITR flanked transgene cassette is not necessary for integration into AAV-S1. We are currently evaluating whether rescue can enhance the frequency of site-specific integration. This study provides a basis for the construction of vectors that allow for preferential site- specific transgene integration in hematopoietic cells.
Correlation between synovial neopterin and inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A Krause, H Protz, K.M Goebel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

According to recent investigations neopterin (a pyrazinopyrimidine derivative) is a biochemical marker that reflects the activity of the proinflammatory immunocellular system of the synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interferon gamma, derived from antigen activated T lymphocytes, stimulates macrophages to synthesise and release neopterin into the culture supernatant in vitro. To extend this in vitro model to a clinical level a sensitive new radioimmunoassay technique was used to measure neopterin concentrations in the synovial fluid (SF) of 17 patients with active RA, nine with osteoarthritis, and six with acute gout, and in that of 12 controls undergoing meniscectomy. The SF neopterin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with RA than in the other groups of patients, particularly the controls. Multivariant analysis showed that SF neopterin concentrations correspond better with the systemic inflammatory activity of RA than with the local disease activity of the knee joints. Thus the study strengthens the hypothesis that neopterin reflects the essential role of the activated immunocellular reaction in the pathogenesis of RA.