tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3020: Identification of a subgroup with good prognosis of small-cell lung cancer by miRNA expression profiling
Authors: Takehiko Oba, Hironori Ninomiya, Sakae Okumura, Makoto Nishio, Mutsunori Fujiwara, Yuichi Ishikawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Long-term outcomes of patients suffering from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), a neuroendocrine carcinoma, are usually poor, but a few patients achieve long-term survival. Prognostic factors in SCLC have not been fully elucidated. Previously we successfully identified a neuroendocrine carcinoma subgroup with good prognosis by mRNA profiling (Jones et al. Lancet 2004). Here we attempted to identify the subgroup by microRNA (miRNA) profiling. miRNAs are known to negatively regulate gene expression and to be relevant to tumorigenesis, tumor classification and prognosis. Methods 63 samples (46 neuroendocrine tumors including 35 SCLC and 11 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), 5 squamous cell carcinoma (Sq), 4 adenocarcinoma and 8 normal lungs) were obtained through surgical resection. miRNA expression profiling was performed using miRNA microarray (Agilent). Hierarchical clustering was performed after selection of about 600 miRNA by choosing those with signal strength more than five. Results: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using the 600 miRNA classified the tumors into two subgroups. Group 1 contained 20 SCLC (8 females and 12 males) and 3 LCNEC, and was associated with unfavorable prognosis. Group 2 contained 15 SCLC (1 female and 14 males), 8 LCNEC and 4 Sq, and was with good prognosis. 5-year survival of the two groups was 0% and 79%, respectively (p=0.007). As compared with our former study by mRNA, all 5 cases in the poor prognosis group fell into Group 1, and 6 out of 7 cases in the good prognosis group were included by Group 2, indicating good agreement between mRNA and miRNA profiling. Clinically, tumors of Group 1 tended to be smaller (29mm) than Group 2 (40mm), and cumulative smoking of Group 1 was lower (41 pack-years) than Group 2 (67 p-y) (p=0.03). Serum proGRP levels were significantly higher in Group 1 (50.9 pg/ml) than in Group 2 (26.4) (p&amp;lt;0.01). Among cases treated by preoperative chemotherapy (n=12), PR:NC ratio was 6:3 in Group 1 and 2:1 in Group 2, suggesting no apparent difference of chemosensitivity. A few miRNA were differentially expressed in the two groups. Conclusion: A distinct subgroup with favorable prognosis existed in SCLC. The subgroup was identified by both miRNA profiling as well as mRNA profiling. Detailed characterization of the subgroup will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3020.
986-76 β ·Blockade Alters the Biphasic Response of Hibernating Myocardium to Incremental Doses of Dobutamine: Implications for Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
Authors: Chunguang Chen, Li Li, Lianglong Chen, Tawhid Shuaib, Lisa V. Carl, Jay S. Mikan, Raymond G. McKay, David D. Waters, Linda Gillam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Tc-99m BICISATE (ECD) ICTAL AND INTERICTAL BRAIN SPECT IN PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION FOR SURGICAL TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY
Authors: L. Lamki, J. Wheless, B. Barron, V. Curtis, V. Ephron, J. Willmore
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Lamki, L.; Wheless, J.; Barron, B.; Curtis, V.; Ephron, V.; Willmore, J. Author Information
A NEW METHOD FOR THE SPREADING OF SPUTUM PREPARATORY TO A MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION.
Authors: EDWARD H. GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Various ideas have been suggested for the macroscopic examination of sputum preparatory to the microscopic examination. The one most extensively in use is the spreading of the sputum between two plates of glass, the under side of the lower one being blackened. I have not found this to be particularly satisfactory, inasmuch as, through repeated sterilizations of the glass, the blackened under surface becomes scratched and in part removed. I prefer a heavy plate of glass under which is laid a piece of black paper; the sputum, after being spread between the two plates of glass, is held against the black background. By this means the black surface remains the same, there is no impairment of its surface, and it may be used indefinitely. The method of using two large pieces of glass offered several objections which I was unable to overcome. The first was that in spreading the sputum
Blocking HIV Transmission
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A REGISTRATION FEE FOR PHYSICIANS
Authors: FRANCIS W. SHEPARDSON
Journal: JAMA (1918)

robórate everything he says about the operation.I modified the operation slightly.I use a lid clamp.By dissecting one end of the tarsus at a time and then moving the lid clamp on to the other end, I can do the operation practically without any blood obscuring the field.The operation can be done quickly and the patient is an ambulatory case.
The Role of Sulphonamides in the Infective Diarrhoeas of African Children
Authors: L. G. Macdougall
Journal: BMJ (1955)

ANTERIOR TIBIAL SYNDROME MBRJOURL designed to relieve vasospasm or to promote vasodilatation will be valuable, particularly at an early stage.When there is clinical evidence of raised tension in the anterior tibial compartment surgical decompression would seem to be reasonable, if by so doing survival of the limb is not pre- judiced. SummaryTwo cases in which the clinical features of the anterior tibial syndrome followed arterial embolism are described.Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment are briefly discussed.I am indebted to Dr. E. T. Baker-Bates (Case 1) and to
Advances in Biology of Skin. Vol IV: The Sebaceous Glands
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Annually, since 1959, Montagna has edited a symposium held each January at Brown University. The 1962 conference on the biology of the sebaceous glands was perhaps the best to date. The book demands of the reader a strong interest in the fundamental biology of the skin but neither exceptional scientific training nor personal experience with research. While many of the papers in this collection have been heard in meetings elsewhere or are in part already published, nevertheless the information is collected in a complete, concise, and up-to-date form. Quite properly, references to clinical problems are few. The present volume offers detailed discussions of such difficult topics as the embryology, ultramicroscopy, and comparative anatomy of the follicular sebaceous glands. Two chapters on the free and ectopic sebaceous glands collect an impressive amount of recondite information and provide 137 references. Particularly valuable are the summaries of current knowledge of the surface lipids
Aspartame and its effects on health
Authors: Michael E J Lean, Catherine R Hankey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The sweetener has been demonised unfairly in sections of the press and several websites 

The European population of 375 million consumes about 2000 tonnes annually of aspartame (NutraSweet, Canderel) an artificial sweetener, which contains two amino acids—aspartic acid and phenylalanine.1 It is 180-200 times sweeter than sucrose, and almost half a million extra tonnes of sugar would therefore be needed to generate the same sweetness. Was the world screaming for all this sweetness, and what has it done to us? Anyone searching the web on aspartame, launched in 1981 by Monsanto, the manufacturer of NutraSweet, will find a vast catalogue of frightening personal accounts attributing multiple health disasters to exposure to aspartame.1 Although no orchestrated public outcry about aspartame has taken place, much sensationalist journalism has been published mostly on websites (for example, www.holisticmed.com/aspartame). In contrast, aspartame marketing implies that it embodies a healthy way of life and avoids obesity. Are these claims of hazards and benefits supported by evidence?

Evidence does not support links between aspartame and cancer, hair loss, depression, dementia, behavioural disturbances, or any of the other conditions appearing in websites. Agencies …
Chemical, Physiological, and Practical Considerations, in the Treatment of Phthisis
Authors: E. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1859)

In conclusion, I am perfectly well aware that any number of observations, made in the conduct of a single case, cannot be regarded as sufficient data on which to establish the value of tar-water or any other substance as a deodorant in carcinoma uteri; but, in such a case as the one I have given, any means attended with success deserve consideration.
ERCP: Targeting the Stone
Authors: S. Adamsen
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

The risks of complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatoscopy (ERCP), including fatalities, increases with a decreasing probability of bile duct stones [1] [2]. A useful phrase to bear in mind is that ERCP is most dangerous for people who need it least [3]. This is the most important reason why the goal of patient selection for ERCP is to ensure that an absolute minimum of patients are subjected to a futile and risky procedure without a need for therapeutic intervention. On the other hand, a necessary ERCP must not be delayed, since this exposes the patient to the risks of complications such as cholangitis and pancreatitis.
Impaired Innate Host Defense Causes Susceptibility to Respiratory Virus Infections in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Shuo Zheng, Bishnu P De, Suresh Choudhary, Suzy A.A Comhair, Tannishia Goggans, Roger Slee, Bryan R.G Williams, Joseph Pilewski, S.Jaharul Haque, Serpil C Erzurum
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Batracylin (NSC 320846), a Dual Inhibitor of DNA Topoisomerases I and II Induces Histone γ-H2AX as a Biomarker of DNA Damage
Authors: V. Ashutosh Rao, Keli Agama, Susan Holbeck, Yves Pommier
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Batracylin (8-aminoisoindolo [1,2-b]quinazolin-10(12H)-one; NSC320846) is an investigational clinical anticancer agent. Previous animal studies showed activity against solid tumors and Adriamycin-resistant leukemia. We initially sought to test the proposed Top2-mediated DNA cleavage activity of batracylin and identify potential biomarkers for activity. COMPARE analysis in the NCI-60 cell lines showed batracylin activity to be most closely related to the class of Top2 inhibitors. The 50% growth inhibition (GI50) value for batracylin in HT29 colon carcinoma cells was 10 μmol/L. DNA-protein cross-links, consistent with Top2 targeting, were measured by alkaline elution. DNA single-strand breaks were also detected and found to be protein associated. However, only a weak induction of DNA double-strand breaks was observed. Because batracylin induced almost exclusively DNA single-strand breaks, we tested batracylin as a Top1 inhibitor. Batracylin exhibited both Top1- and Top2α/β-mediated DNA cleavage in vitro and in cells. The phosphorylation of histone (γ-H2AX) was tested to measure the extent of DNA damage. Kinetics of γ-H2AX “foci” showed early activation with low μmol/L concentrations, thus presenting a useful early biomarker of DNA damage. The half-life of γ-H2AX signal reversal after drug removal was consistent with reversal of DNA-protein cross-links. The persistence of the DNA-protein complexes induced by batracylin was markedly longer than by etoposide or camptothecin. The phosphorylated DNA damage–responsive kinase, ataxia telangiectasia mutated, was also found activated at sites of γ-H2AX. The cell cycle checkpoint kinase, Chk2, was only weakly phosphorylated. Thus, batracylin is a dual Top1 and Top2 inhibitor and γ-H2AX could be considered a biomarker in the ongoing clinical trials. [Cancer Res 2007;67(20):9971–9]
Decrease of Venous Return Caused by Right Atrial Pulsation
Authors: Arthur C. Guyton, Jimmy B. Langston, Oliver Carrier
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Over 250 records were made in 15 dogs to show the effect of artificially induced right atrial pressure pulsations on venous return. In not a single instance did the induced pulsations increase venous return, but often it decreased venous return. On the other hand, a very slight decrease in mean right atrial pressure down to the pressure level that the veins collapse completely was shown to increase venous return markedly. These experiments indicate that the benefit to venous return which results from rhythmic cardiac or respiratory suction is caused by a decrease in mean right atrial pressure.
Impaired 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contributes to renal sodium avidity in cirrhosis: Hypothesis or fact?
Authors: Felix J. Frey
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Exaggerated renal sodium retention with concomitant potassium loss is a hallmark of cirrhosis and contributes to the accumulation of fluid as ascites, pleural effusion, or edema. This apparent mineralocorticoid effect is only partially explained by increased aldosterone concentrations. I present evidence supporting the hypothesis that cortisol confers mineralocorticoid action in cirrhosis. The underlying molecular pathology for this mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation by cortisol is a reduced activity of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, an enzyme protecting the MR from promiscuous activation by cortisol in healthy mammalians. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;44:795–801.)
Comparison of preload recruitable stroke work, end-systolic pressure-volume and dPdtmax-end-diastolic volume relations as indexes of left ventricular contractile performance in patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterization
Authors: Michael P. Feneley, Thomas N. Skelton, Katherine B. Kisslo, James W. Davis, Thomas M. Bashore, J.Scott Rankin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
The Impact of Managed Care on Patients' Trust in Medical Care and Their Physicians
Authors: David Mechanic
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Social trust in health care organizations and interpersonal trust in physicians may be mutually supportive, but they also diverge in important ways. The success of medical care depends most importantly on patients' trust that their physicians are competent, take appropriate responsibility and control, and give their patients' welfare the highest priority. Utilization review and structural arrangements in managed care potentially challenge trust in physicians by restricting choice, contradicting medical decisions and control, and restricting open communication with patients. Gatekeeping and incentives to limit care also raise serious trust issues. We argue that managed care plans rather than physicians should be required to disclose financial arrangements, that limits be placed on incentives that put physicians at financial risk, and that professional norms and public policies should encourage clear separation of interests of physicians from health plan organization and finance. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1693-1697)
Clinical Outcomes of Pulmonary Langerhans'-Cell Histiocytosis in Adults
Authors: Robert Vassallo, Jay H. Ryu, Darrell R. Schroeder, Paul A. Decker, Andrew H. Limper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Pulmonary Langerhans'-cell histiocytosis is an uncommon interstitial lung disease in adults. It has an unpredictable course and may be associated with an increased susceptibility to the development of malignant neoplasms.
Investigation of Spontaneous Vasomotor Activity
Authors: ELIZABETH M. CUTHBERTSON, RUTHERFORD S. GILFILLAN, MIKEL DUINO, Richard D. Bruga
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

Spontaneous vasomotor activity, as evidenced by the presence of alpha or beta waves in the paw plethysmogram, was demonstrated in 10 sympathectomized, 4 denervated, and 8 (ganglionic or adrenergic) blockaded extremities in dogs. Alpha waves occur during natural sleep and during anesthesia. They are present after removal and denervation of the carotid and aortic chemoreceptors. They occur in the splenectoinized animal. Alpha waves are usually synchronous in a pair of normally innerverted extremities. They may be synchronous, asynchronous, or absent in one paw when one extremity (or both) is denervated or sympathectomized. The significance of this information is discussed in relation to the factors which may control spontaneous vasomotor activity.
Abstract 3157: Subcellular localization and mRNA targets of a novel human RNA-binding protein, KIAA0020
Authors: Ching-Wen Yang, Shu-Yu Cheng, Christina L. Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Human KIAA0020 belongs to the PUF family of RNA-binding proteins. Most of family members contain eight RNA-binding Pumilio repeats and are known to regulate mRNA stability and translation. In fact, hunchback, Cyclin B, and HO endonuclease mRNAs are known targets for certain PUF family members in human and other species. Currently little is known about human KIAA0020, which contains six instead of eight Pumilio repeats and shares low homology with its family members. In this study, we characterized this protein and found that wild-type KIAA0020 was localized to multiple foci within the nucleus of HeLa and HEK293T cells. Deletion of C- terminus and, to a less extent, N-terminus of KIAA0020, permitted partial cytosolic localization. Furthermore, we have found a number of mRNA targets that were regulated by KIAA0020 in cells containing ectopic overexpression of KIAA0020 variants or shRNA-mediated knockdown. Based on microarray data analysis from Oncomine, KIAA0020 appears to be deregulated in a variety of human cancer types. Understanding the subcellular localization and mRNA targets of KIAA0020 will improve our knowledge of the function of this protein and its relevance to cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3157.
Folate Deficiency and Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Richard R. Streiff
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Orally administered contraceptive agents have become an everyday medication for many women in the United States as well as many other countries. A number of untoward effects<sup>1,2</sup>along with an ever increasing number of minor clinical or laboratory changes have been reported in women using orally administered contraceptives.<sup>2-4</sup>Recently folate deficiency and anemia have been associated with the use of orally administered contraceptives.<sup>5,6</sup>This report concerns seven cases of folate deficiency and anemia apparently due to orally administered contraceptives and studies on the effect of this type of medication on folate absorption. <h3>Clinical Observations</h3> Seven women (21 to 39 years of age) with folate deficiency and anemia were treated at the University of Florida or the Clinical Research Center between September 1968 and April 1969. These patients were taking no medication other than orally administered contraceptives and all had been taking them regularly for at least 1
Target organs and systems: methodologies to assess immune system function.
Authors: M H Karol
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Immunotoxicity encompasses both reduced and heightened immune function. Diverse chemicals can impair functioning of the immune system. Both monographs and books have been devoted to detailed descriptions of immunotoxicity. This paper gives a brief overview of the methods currently used to assess the immunotoxic potential of chemicals. It also discusses the trend toward the use of alternative methods to mammalian models, such as feral species, in vitro assays, and computational models. The strategy of using a tier approach to screen chemicals for immunotoxicity is described, together with the rationale for, and limitations of, this approach. Interpretation of data with regard to clinical disease and human health is addressed. The immune system poses substantial complexities in this regard as the system has functional reserve and functional redundancy.
Prejudice in context departs from attitudes toward groups
Authors: Alice H. Eagly, Amanda B. Diekman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract The analysis offered by Dixon et al. fails to acknowledge that the attitudes that drive prejudice are attitudes that are constructed in particular contexts. These attitudes (e.g., toward men as childcare workers) can diverge strongly from attitudes toward the group in general. Social change is thus best achieved through challenging the requirements of roles and by changing group stereotypes.
The Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound in Brain Disorders
Authors: Charles B. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Ultrasonic investigation of the brain had its beginning in 1942. The original through-transmission method could not overcome interference from the skull and was abandoned. The pulse-echo method, used first for detecting flaws in industrial materials, was introduced into neurologic diagnosis in 1950 by French, Wild, and Neal. Today, widespread application of diagnostic ultrasound to neurologic disorders creates the need for a primer on ultrasonic methods, and Grossman's book serves the purpose.  In the first 50 pages the author provides chapters on basic principles, equipment and techniques, terminology, and historical development of medical ultrasonics. Brevity and clarity characterize this introductory material. Succeeding chapters treat A-scope, B-scope, and B-scan sonoencephalography; in each instance the abnormal findings follow the normal.  The author, having an interest in both techniques, strains to relate electroencephalography to sonoencephalography. The extravagance of letting illustrations occupy less than one fourth of otherwise blank pages bothers this reviewer, all the