tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL MODEL THAT BRIDGES THE ORGANIZATION-PRACTICE BARRIER IN OVERUSE INJURY PREVENTION: AN ACTION RESEARCH STUDY IN SWEDISH ATHLETICS
Authors: Ö Dahlström, J Jacobsson, T Timpka
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Sports organisations and sportspersons often suffer from an “autonomy-gap” obstructing implementation of interventions against overuse injuries. This obstruction has been described as the organisation-practice (OP) barrier. Objective To develop an inter-organisational sports safety promotion model targeted at prevention of overuse injuries by identifying initiatives that lastingly will bridge the OP barrier. Design Participatory action research with focus group interviews using the quality function deployment (QFD) technique. Setting Swedish athletics involving the Swedish Athletics Association (SAA), clubs, athletes, coaches, and other stakeholders in the sport. Participants Representatives of Swedish athletics; officials from different divisions of the SAA, coaches, athletes, medical personal, club representatives and parents to youth athletes (year 1: n=12; year 2: n=35). Qualitative data collected and analyzed Sports needs (Voice of Sports), organizational requirements, organizational changes. Main qualitative outcomes Organizational facilitators of sports safety promotion targeted at prevention of overuse injuries. Results An organic sports safety model resulted from the transformation of identified sports needs and organizational requirements into organisational changes. In this model, a dynamic and constantly active organisation-practice membrane reaches across the OP barrier. This organizational membrane consists of an infrastructure supporting continuous exchange of data and information between different actors in athletics. The central component is an Internet-based safety surveillance system covering Swedish athletics as a whole. A ‘Safety Forum’ is used for safety discussions between athletes, researchers, and SAA representatives, and a ‘Coaches’ Corner' allows communication between experienced coaches and younger colleagues. Conclusions An inter-organizational sports safety model facilitating collaboration between sports organisations and sportspersons was developed in the setting of Swedish athletics. The principal feature in the model is an infrastructure supporting continuous exchange of data and information between different actors. Further research is warranted to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of the novel model in overuse injury prevention.
A prospective study into the value of patch and intradermal tests in identifying topical corticosteroid allergy
Authors: S.M. WILKINSON, A.H.M. HEAGERTY, J.S.C. ENGLISH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article A prospective study into the value of patch and intradermal tests in identifying topical corticosteroid allergy Get access S.M. WILKINSON, S.M. WILKINSON Dermatology Department, North Staffordshire Hospital Centre. Stoke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA. U.K. Dr S.M.Wilkinson, The Skin Hospital, Chapel Street, Salford M60 EP. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.H.M. HEAGERTY, A.H.M. HEAGERTY Dermatology Department, North Staffordshire Hospital Centre. Stoke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S.C. ENGLISH J.S.C. ENGLISH Dermatology Department, North Staffordshire Hospital Centre. Stoke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 1, 1 July 1992, Pages 22–25, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14819.x Published: 01 July 1992
Concerns over use of hydroxyethyl starch solutions
Authors: Christiane S Hartog, Charles Natanson, Junfeng Sun, Harvey G Klein, Konrad Reinhart
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Large trials have shown that hydroxyethyl starch increases the risk of death, kidney injury, and bleeding. However, an EMA review last year permitted continued use in some patients, overturning an earlier decision to withdraw the product completely. <b>Christiane Hartog and colleagues</b> discuss the evidence and call on doctors to avoid using starch formulations
Cyclic ADP-Ribose Does Not Regulate Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> Release in Intact Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Xiaoqing Guo, Michael A. Laflamme, Peter L. Becker
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), an intracellular second messenger known to mobilize Ca 2+ in sea urchin eggs, has been implicated in modulating Ca 2+ release in a variety of mammalian tissues. On the basis of studies of isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles and single SR Ca 2+ release channels, cADPR has also been proposed to be a modulator of SR Ca 2+ release in heart. In the present study, we directly examined the ability of cADPR to trigger SR Ca 2+ release and to modulate Ca 2+ -induced Ca 2+ release (CICR) in intact rat ventricular myocytes. Voltage-clamped myocytes were dialyzed with up to 100 μmol/L caged cADPR and 0.6 μmol/L calmodulin along with the Ca 2+ -sensitive dye fluo 3. A step increase in the cADPR concentration induced by flash photolysis of caged cADPR neither directly triggered SR Ca 2+ release nor modulated CICR in intact myocytes. In contrast, under similar conditions, extracellular application of caffeine (1 to 2.5 mmol/L) onto myocytes produced both effects. Under equivalent conditions, flash photolysis of caged cADPR-loaded sea urchin eggs resulted in large Ca 2+ transients. Further, the sustained presence of high cytosolic concentrations of either cADPR or its antagonist, 8-amino-cADPR, was ineffective in altering normal CICR in myocytes. These findings indicate that cADPR does not regulate SR Ca 2+ release in intact cardiac myocytes.
Atopy phenotype in subjects with variants of the beta subunit of the high affinity IgE receptor
Authors: A. Li, J. M. Hopkin
Journal: Thorax (1997)

BACKGROUND: Fc epsilon RI plays a central role in atopy, thus genetic variants of Fc epsilon RI-beta may alter receptor function to enhance atopic responses and may manifest as a more severe atopic phenotype and more symptomatic atopic disease. The immunological and clinical features of atopy in children with and without the Leu 181 variant of Fc epsilon RI-beta were compared. METHODS: Sixty British nuclear families, including 10 families with the Fc epsilon RI-beta variant Leu 181, recruited via a young proband with atopic asthma were analysed for atopic parameters including total IgE, specific IgE, and clinical atopic disorder. RESULTS: Compared with other children (combined atopic and non-atopic subjects), maternally inherited Leu 181 was associated with increased levels of total IgE (odds ratio (OR) 4.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 27.66, p &lt; 0.01) and a positive IgE response to grass pollen allergen (OR 7.45, 95% CI 1.56 to 35.52, p &lt; 0.005) but not wheeze (OR 1.97, 95% CI 0.56 to 7.69), asthma (OR 2.25, 95% CI 0.65 to 7.85), or required medications (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.29 to 3.14). There were trends for each atopic parameter to be more marked in atopic children with maternally inherited Leu 181 than in atopic children without Leu 181. Children with maternal Leu 181 had significantly raised eosinophils but there was no difference in basophil levels compared with other atopic children. CONCLUSIONS: The Leu 181 variant of Fc epsilon RI-beta, or another identified variant in linkage disequilibrium, may promote the development of atopy.
Preventive Medicine and the Medical Student
Authors: S. T. Beggs
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Since 1969, extensive use of immune serum globulin in the Israel Defence Force for prophylaxis against hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection has produced a sharp decline in the incidence of the disease. However, it is not clear whether this policy has affected the susceptibility of Israeli adults to HAV infection. In this study, we examined the effect of the immunisation policy on the incidence of hepatitis A virus infection in the civilian population in the 15-44 year age group, which includes all those who have completed compulsory military service since vaccination was introduced. The incidence of viral hepatitis in the Jewish civilian population aged 15-44 increased by approximately 50% 3-4 years after the implementation of the immunisation policy. This rise was not seen in the non-Jewish population of the same age nor among Jews aged 45-64. These findings strongly suggest that the immunisation policy in the military prevents both clinical and sub-clinical disease, but has had the effect of producing more susceptible people at an older age in the civilian population.
Endoscopic in vivo evaluation of tissue atypia in the esophagus using a newly designed integrated endocytoscope: a pilot trial
Authors: H. Inoue, K. Sasajima, M. Kaga, S. Sugaya, Y. Sato, Y. Wada, M. Inui, H. Satodate, S.-E. Kudo, S. Kimura, S. Hamatani, A. Shiokawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and study aims: A newly designed magnifying endoscope featuring an endocytoscopy function provided by ultrahigh magnification was evaluated in a pilot study in patients with various types of benign and malignant pathology in the esophagus. Patients and methods: Seventy-five consecutive patients were included in the study from 15 March to 21 December 2005. Twenty-nine patients with specific esophageal lesions that had been detected by regular or narrow-band imaging, or both, were further evaluated using endocytoscopy, followed by tissue biopsy or resection. During the endocytoscopic examinations, the esophageal mucosa was stained with 0.5 % methylene blue. The endocytoscopic findings were graded from 1 to 5 in an endocytoscopic atypia (ECA) classification. The final histopathological diagnoses based on biopsies or resected specimens were as follows: category 1 in the Vienna classification, n = 4; category 2, n = 6; category 3, n = 1; category 4, n = 10; and category 5, n = 7. The endocytoscopic diagnoses were compared with the histopathological diagnoses. Results: Clear endocytoscopic images were obtained in all cases. In definitely malignant lesions, the cell nuclei had an enlarged and irregularly arranged appearance (grade ECA 5). The positive predictive value for malignancy (grades ECA 4 and 5) was 94 %; the false-negative rate was 16.7 %, and the false-positive rate was 6.3 %. The overall accuracy of endocytoscopy for differentiating between nonmalignant tissue (categories 1 - 3 in the Vienna classification) and malignant tissue (categories 4 and 5) was 82 %. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that incorporating endocytoscopy facilities into a standard endoscope may be helpful in characterizing tissue in a variety of esophageal lesions. The potential clinical impact of this method in relation to other gastrointestinal organs requires further study.
PURE CULTIVATION IN VIVO OF VACCINE VIRUS FREE FROM BACTERIA
Authors: Hideyo Noguchi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

Vaccine virus freed from all associated bacteria by means of suitable disinfecting agents can be propagated in a pure state in the testicles of rabbits and bulls. The virus cultivated in this manner is not only devoid of all bacteria, but appears capable of indefinite transfer from one animal to another. Sixty passages in rabbits of a pure strain have been made within one year. Several transfers from testicle to testicle are required to bring about accurate adaptation of the virus to the testicular parenchyma, so that continued propagation in this way can be certainly secured. During the first transfers from testicle to testicle the activity of the virus may be less than the original skin specimen from which the pure strain was derived; but as the transfers proceed the activity rises until, when the adaptation is complete, the activity of the testicular equals that of the skin strain. The multiplication of the virus within the testicle is maximum on the fourth or fifth day after inoculation; the quantity of virus remains about stationary until the eighth day, when diminution begins. At the expiration of five weeks no more virus could be detected in the testicle. The vaccinal processes in the skin, cornea, and testicle of rabbits are practically identical whether the virus employed for the inoculation has been the original skin strain or the pure testicular strain; and the skin lesions produced in the calf with the two strains are also identical. In conformity with the finding mentioned in the last paragraph it has been found that human beings react to the pure testicular strain of vaccine virus in an entirely typical manner. In the case both of original vaccination and revaccination the vaccinal effects cannot be distinguished from those arising from uncomplicated skin virus. Pure strains of testicular virus are readily produced, and once secured they may be propagated in a pure state by the method described in rabbits or bulls without difficulty and with economy. The pure strains thus obtained should supply an ideal form of virus for employment in the vaccination of human beings.
adolescent behaviour should be priority
Authors: Stephen J Genuis, Shelagh K Genuis
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Early sexual intercourse is commonly associated with a higher number of lifetime sexual partners1 and, consequently, a higher risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections. From the perspective of sexually transmitted infection, sexual encounters include not only present partners but also past partners and all of their partners' partners. Thus voluntarily delaying sexual debut is of key importance in the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and the promotion of long term health.

The ABC approach to changing sexual behaviour described by Shelton and colleagues can be used as a primary strategy for tackling all sexually transmitted infections. Since the World Health Organization estimates that two thirds of sexually transmitted …
DIABETES AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION
Authors: E. C. Baumgarten
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have recently had several striking experiences in doing Aschheim-Zondek tests on rabbits, and in doing one blood transfusion with a diabetic donor. So far as I know there are no published reports of similar experiences and my reason for recording them is to sound a warning to those doing blood transfusions, that they may avoid similar and possibly fatal accidents. About one year ago I had occasion to perform an Aschheim test for suspected pregnancy. I used the technic that I had previously used in many instances, by injecting about 8 cc. of freshly voided urine into the marginal vein in the ear of a rabbit. On this occasion after a little more than half of the urine had been injected the rabbit was taken with a convulsive seizure and was dead immediately. I secured a second specimen of urine, this time doing a chemical analysis
Medicine as a Social Instrument: Nursing
Authors: E. Kathleen Russell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

TO ATTEMPT to discuss the progress in nursing during the past 50 years is to face a baffling task. It must be admitted at once that the story is one of confusion — great enough that it might be considered by some critics to exclude altogether the use of the word progress. But before we concede any such decision, much needs to be said, and much can be said.Let us look, then, at this half-century, namely, the years between 1900 and the present. What has been happening, be it labeled progress or otherwise? What are the boundaries of this . . .
Susceptibility to human type 1 diabetes at IDDM2 is determined by tandem repeat variation at the insulin gene minisatellite locus
Authors: S.T. Bennett, A.M. Lucassen, S.C.L. Gough, E.E. Powell, D.E. Undlien, L.E. Pritchard, M.E. Merriman, Y. Kawaguchi, M.J. Dronsfield, F. Pociot, J. Nerup, N. Bouzekri, A. Cambon-Thomsen, K.S. Rønningen, A.H. Barnett, S.C. Bain, J.A. Todd
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Colony stimulating factor-1 in synovial fluids from osteoarthritic and injured knees
Authors: D. HAMERMAN, K. FREEMAN, E R. STANLEY
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

Subchondral bone density as a possible pathogenetic factor contributing to articular cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis (OA) has been receiving increasing attention.1 The Kellgren-Lawrence system for grading joint OA emphasised subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation more than joint space narrowing, a view, however, that has recently been questioned.2 The importance of subchondral bone density in contributing to cartilage degeneration has been emphasised for years in the work of Radin and colleagues.3 Observations that dense subchondral bone may indeed precede cartilage degeneration and thereby be an initiating factor, or that bone density may be involved in the progression of OA, have been advanced by studies on animal models.4 5 However, little is known about the basis for subchondral bone density in OA, or its consequences.

Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is the primary regulator of mononuclear phagocyte production and has important effects on bone.6 7 Among other cell types, CSF-1 is secreted by osteoblasts, and is required for the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors to osteoclasts.6 Our interest …
Prochlorperazine for the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting of Early Pregnancy
Authors: Charles Leavitt Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

NAUSEA and vomiting of early pregnancy is a psychophysical phenomena that occurs in 50 to 80 per cent of all pregnancies.1 , 2 Its control is essential in the 1 in 150 pregnancies in which it will progress to hyperemesis gravidarum; also, control of these symptoms gives the obstetrician a golden opportunity to establish good rapport with his patient at a very early stage. Whereas a high percentage of patients will present subjective complaints of this nature, it is only 10 per cent who will not respond to the time-honored general hygienic measures consisting of reassurance, increased rest, adequate bowel control and . . .
Sensitivity and specificity of a screening test to document traumatic experiences and to diagnose post-traumatic stress disorder in ARDS patients after intensive care treatment
Authors: C. Stoll, H. P. Kapfhammer, H. B. Rothenhäusler, M. Haller, J. Briegel, M. Schmidt, T. Krauseneck, K. Durst, G. Schelling
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1999)
1146-114 Coronary artery disease in patients with multiple emergency department visits and negative immediate exercise tests for chest pain: An important minority in a total cohort of over 3,000 low-risk patients presenting with chest pain
Authors: Ezra A Amsterdam, J.Douglas Kirk, Deborah Diercks, Larry Baker, Erin Madriago, Danny Yen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The arthritis of Behcet's disease: a prospective study.
Authors: S Yurdakul, H Yazici, Y Tuzun, H Pazarli, B Yalcin, M Altac, Y Ozyazgan, N Tuzuner, A Muftuoglu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

A prospective study of arthritis was performed in 47 patients with Behçet's disease followed up over a 47-month period (mean 19.25 months, SD 14.09). These patients had a total of 80 episodes of arthritis, which were analysed for joint distribution and symmetry, in 56 of which the duration could also be determined. Attacks were oligoarticular, affecting up to 4 joints per patient, 54 (68%) being monoarticular. Knees, ankles, and wrists were the most commonly involved joints. Involvement of spinal, shoulder, hip, and sacroiliac joints was rare. The arthritis was usually not deforming and subacute; 82% (46/56) of the attacks lasted for 2 months or less and 18% (10/56) for between 3 months and 4 years. The ESR was moderately elevated during the attacks. In 32 specimens the synovial fluid was inflammatory (cell count 14.7 +/- 10.1 x 10(9)/l), but in 19 (59%) a good mucin clot formed. Synovial biopsy in 12 patients revealed superficial ulceration, paucity of plasma cells, and in 5 instances lymphoid follicle formation.
Long-term Treatment of Galactorrhoea and Hypogonadism with Bromocriptine
Authors: M. O. Thorner, A. S. McNeilly, C. Hagan, G. M. Besser
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Seventeen women and four men with galactorrhoea and associated hypogonadism have been treated with bromocriptine for 2 to 28 months. In 18 patients the gonadal status became normal as the galactorrhoea improved. The gonadally unresponsive patients had either pituitary tumours or premature menopause. Prolactin levels fell with treatment; withdrawal of the drug was associated with an increase in serum prolactin and a recurrence of the galactorrhoea and hypogonadism. Two patients tried to become pregnant on treatment and both succeeded. Raised prolactin levels appear to block the actions of the gonadotrophins at a gonadal level rather than prevent their synthesis or release; lowering prolactin secretion with bromocriptine allows resumption of normal gonadal function. Bromocriptine appears to be the treatment of choice for inappropriate lactation in association with hypogonadism on a long-term basis.
Risk of macular degeneration with statin use should be interpreted with caution
Authors: R. van Leeuwen, J. R Vingerling, P. T V M de Jong
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Hall et al in their study suggest a remarkable protective effect of cholesterol lowering statins on age related macular degeneration.1 Defined as the end stage of age related maculopathy according to an international classification and grading system,2 age related macular degeneration is a common, blinding disease in elderly people, and treatment options are limited. The economic potential of new drugs for this disease would be huge, and, if confirmed by other studies, the …
Hemorrhagic Gastritis From Nonabsorbable Sutures
Authors: Frederick Shuster
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A case of hemorrhagic gastritis, thought to be due to silk suture material protruding from a gastrectomy anastomosis, was diagnosed gastroscopically and treated surgically. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> On Jan 12, 1970, a 50-year-old housewife had a two-thirds subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II gastrojejunostomy for chronic duodenal ulcer disease manifested by intractable abdominal pain, vomiting, roentgenographic duodenal bulb deformity, and peribulbar adhesions. All layers of the anastomosis were closed with silk sutures. During the ensuing 11 months four episodes of tarry stools were associated with epigastric and bilateral flank pains and recurring iron deficiency anemia. There was no history of associated salicylate or alcoholic beverage ingestion, and antacids gave no relief. On Dec 1, 1971, she had a two-day history of vomiting and tarry stools, and several weeks of abdominal pain; there was epigastric tenderness and guaiac "flash" positive tarry stool appeared on rectal digital examination. The
Effect of rubella vaccination programme in schools on rubella immunity in a general practice population.
Authors: D Gilmore, E T Robinson, W H Gilmour, G E Urquhart
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Between November 1979 and January 1980 all patients aged 13-21 years who attended a general practice in Glasgow were tested for their immunity against rubella (single radial haemolysis test). All of the women in the sample should have been vaccinated at 13 as part of the rubella vaccination programme, which began in Glasgow in 1971. The programme excludes boys. Of the 77 females and 64 male patients studied, nine (11.7%) and 10 (15.6%), respectively, were susceptible to the infection. For only 34 women was evidence of vaccination documented in the practice records, and three of those either had failed to seroconvert or had antibody below detectable values. Overall there was no significant differences between the proportion of men and women who were susceptible to the disease. The rubella vaccination programme had clearly failed to reduce the number of susceptible women in this practice. Hence the immune state of all girls should be checked at about 15 years of age, so that as many as possible may be rendered immune before they leave school.