tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug allergy diagnosis work up
Authors: P. Demoly, J. Bousquet
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Drug hypersensitivity reactions are a daily worry for clinicians. The tools allowing a definitive diagnosis are few and poorly validated. They include a thorough clinical history, standardized skin tests, reliable biological test, and sometimes drug provocation tests. These tools are currently being evaluated by the European Network of Drug Allergy, under the aegis of the EAACI drug hypersensitivity group of interest.
Hypertension and Chest Pain
Authors: N. Thorne Griscom
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Dr. Murray L. Jaxower: These are films of the chest of a 69-year-old white female who noted the onset of burning substernal pain two weeks prior to admission (Figs 1, 2, and 3). The pain was intermittent and occurred with meals. On the day of admission, severe back and chest pain developed. Her blood pressure had been high for at least 15 years. Physical examination showed cyanosis, cardiac enlargement, and bradycardia. There were a few basilar rales. The right carotid pulsation was questionably weaker than the left. The blood pressure level was variable, in the range of 160/100 mm Hg; some examiners found a higher blood pressure in the left arm than in the right. Her right femoral pulse was slightly weak. Her temperature was 101 F (38 C). An electrocardiogram showed nonspecific S-T segment and T-wave changes. At the time of admission, the impression was
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY IN THAILAND: THE ELECTRICITY GENERATING AUTHORITY OF THAILAND STUDY
Authors: Prin Vathesatogkit, Sukit Yamwong, Mark Woodward, David Batty, Federica Barzi, Sayan Cheepudomwit, Sarana Boonbaichaiyapruck, Supachai Tanomsup, Nongnuj Unkurapinun, Piyamitr Sritara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Blood Lipid Measurements
Authors: Gerald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the magnitude and impact of the major biological and analytical sources of variation in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels on risk of coronary heart disease; to present a way to qualitatively estimate the total intraindividual variation; and to demonstrate how to determine the number of specimens required to estimate, with 95% confidence, the "true" underlying total cholesterol value in the serum of a patient. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Representative references on each source of variation were selected from more than 300 reviewed publications, most published within the past 5 years, to document current findings and concepts. Most articles reviewed were in English. <h3>Study Selections.</h3> —Studies on biological sources of variation were selected using the following criteria: representative of published findings, clear statement of either significant or insignificant results, and acquisition of clinical and laboratory data under standardized conditions. Representative results for special populations such as women and children are reported when results differ from those of adult men. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —References were selected based on acceptable experimental design and use of standardized laboratory lipid measurements. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —The lipid levels considered representative for a selected source of variation arose from quantitative measurements by a suitably standardized laboratory. Statistical analysis of data was examined to assure reliability. The proposed method of estimating the biological coefficient of variation must be considered to give qualitative results, because only two or three serial specimens are collected in most cases for the estimation. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Concern has arisen about the magnitude, impact, and interpretation of preanalytical as well as analytical sources of variation on reported results of lipid measurements of an individual. Preanalytical sources of variation from behavioral, clinical, and sampling sources constitute about 60% of the total variation in a reported lipid measurement of an individual. A technique is presented to allow physicians to qualitatively estimate the intraindividual biological variation of a patient from the results of two or more specimens reported from a standardized laboratory and to determine whether additional specimens are needed to meet the National Cholesterol Education Program recommendation that the intraindividual serum total cholesterol coefficient of variation not exceed 5.0. A National Reference Method Network has been established to help solve analytical problems. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:1652-1660)
Definition and management of ruxolitinib treatment failure in myelofibrosis
Authors: A Pardanani, A Tefferi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK)-1 and JAK-2 inhibitor, is the first-in-class drug to be licensed in the United States for the treatment of high- and intermediate-risk myelofibrosis (MF). Several other JAK inhibitors are in development with some currently undergoing phase-3 clinical trial testing. None of the currently available JAK inhibitors are specific to mutant JAK2; their mechanism of action involves attenuation of JAK-STAT signaling with downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, rather than selective suppression of the disease clone. Accordingly, while ruxolitinib and other JAK inhibitors are effective in controlling splenomegaly and alleviating constitutional symptoms, their benefit in terms of reversing bone marrow fibrosis or inducing complete or partial remissions appears to be limited. The experience to date with ruxolitinib shows that despite its salutary effects on quality of life, over half of the patients discontinue treatment within 2–3 years. In the current perspective, we examine the incidence and causes of ruxolitinib 'treatment failure' in MF patients based on our personal experience as well as a review of the published literature. We also discuss the challenges in defining and classifying ruxolitinib failure, and within the context of several clinical scenarios, we provide recommendations for the post-ruxolitinib management of MF patients.
Cardiac involvement in thalassemia intermedia: a multicenter study
Authors: Athanasios Aessopos, Dimitrios Farmakis, Markisia Karagiorga, Ersi Voskaridou, Aphrodite Loutradi, Antonia Hatziliami, Jacqueline Joussef, John Rombos, Dimitris Loukopoulos
Journal: Blood (2001)
Outbreak of Asian Influenza in College Students
Authors: Alvin Novack, Harry A. Feldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

IN the spring of 1957, a new antigenic variant of influenza Type A virus (Asian or A2) first was detected in the Far East1 2 3 and then spread rapidly around the world. Many investigators quickly reported that hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies for this virus were not detectable in normal populations, except in some persons more than sixty years of age.4 , 5 A number of somewhat lesser outbreaks of Asian influenza were noted in the following year, but it again became prevalent in the United States6 during the late fall and early winter of 1959. All areas of the country, except the Middle . . .
Antenatal detection of HIV: national surveillance and unlinked anonymous survey
Authors: S. Cliffe
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In 1999 national targets were adopted for the universal offer and recommendation of a test for HIV during antenatal care throughout England.1 This built on earlier initiatives aimed at enhancing maternal diagnosis of HIV infection and reducing perinatal transmission of HIV with appropriate interventions.2 Substantial improvement in the proportion of maternal HIV infections diagnosed has been reported for much of London, and improvement has been observed more recently for the rest of England.3 We used published estimates of rates of vertical transmission of HIV in the United Kingdom to assess whether the target of an 80% reduction in the proportion of vertically infected infants by December 2002 is likely to be achieved.1

We used results from the unlinked anonymous dried blood spot survey to estimate the number of births in England to women infected with HIV.3 Combining these data with confidential reports of pregnancies in …
Surgical Management of Cavernous Hemangioma of the Chest Wall
Authors: Charles Fineberg
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A case report of an 18-year-old girl with a cavernous hemangioma of the chest wall is presented. Preoperatively, hematologic study revealed thrombocytopenia, hypoprothrombinemia, defective clot retraction, and increased bleeding time. Retrograde arteriography revealed that the vascular supply of the lesion originated from the left fifth to the tenth intercostal artery. It was felt that the symptoms and findings were similar to those described for the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. The lesion and the chest wall were successfully resected en bloc. Six days postoperatively the preoperative hematologic defects had all returned to normal levels. A discussion of the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome and of the relationship of the coagulation defects to the lesion are presented.
Survival After Alcohol Septal Ablation for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Paul Sorajja, Steve R. Ommen, David R. Holmes, Joseph A. Dearani, Charanjit S. Rihal, Bernard J. Gersh, Ryan J. Lennon, Rick A. Nishimura
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The clinical efficacy of alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been demonstrated, but the long-term effects of the procedure remain uncertain. This study examined the survival of patients after septal ablation performed in a tertiary HCM referral center.We examined 177 patients (mean age, 64 years; 68% women) who underwent septal ablation at our institution. Over a follow-up of 5.7 years, survival free of all mortality was no different than the expected survival for a comparable general population, and similar to that of age- and sex-matched patients who underwent isolated surgical myectomy (8-year survival estimate, 79% versus 79%; P=0.64). For the end point of documented sudden cardiac death or unknown cause of death, the incidence per 100 person-year follow-up was 1.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.60-2.38). Residual left ventricular outflow tract gradient after ablation was an independent predictor of long-term survival free of any death.In this nonrandomized study of carefully selected patients undergoing septal ablation by experienced operators in a tertiary referral HCM center, long-term survival was favorable and similar to that of an age- and sex-matched general population, and to patients undergoing surgical myectomy, as well, without an increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
Evaluation of Venous and Arterial Conduit Patency by 16-Slice Spiral Computed Tomography
Authors: E. Martuscelli, A. Romagnoli, A. D’Eliseo, M. Tomassini, C. Razzini, M. Sperandio, G. Simonetti, F. Romeo, J.L. Mehta
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Computed tomography has been shown to be useful in the evaluation of aortocoronary bypass grafts (CABG). This is the first prospective study to evaluate the accuracy of a new-generation scanner in the detection of patency and significant stenoses (>50% decrease in diameter) of venous and arterial grafts in patients with previous CABG.In 96 patients (80 males, mean age 62 years) with previous CABG, a multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scan was performed (collimation 16x0.625 mm). Patients with atrial fibrillation, renal failure, severe respiratory disease, severe heart failure, heart rate >70 bpm despite therapy, or unstable angina were excluded. A total of 285 conduits implanted on the native coronary arteries at the time of CABG were evaluated. MSCT data were analyzed by 2 independent radiologists and compared with the results of conventional angiography. Three patients were excluded from analysis. All conduits were judged evaluable in 84 patients. Among these patients, MSCT correctly diagnosed 54 occluded grafts and 4 significant stenoses on the body of the grafts. Of the 17 significant anastomotic lesions, MSCT correctly diagnosed 15. For these 84 patients, diagnostic accuracy was 99%, sensitivity was 97%, and specificity was 100%. When all 93 patients were considered, the sensitivity of MSCT in diagnosing significant stenoses was 96%.MSCT with the new-generation scanner allows for accurate assessment of venous and arterial conduits in patients with previous CABG with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Exclusion criteria and radiation exposure remain limitations of the method.
The presence of dental disease can be a risk factor for recurrent <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection after eradication therapy: A 3-year follow-up
Authors: B.-S. Sheu, H.-C. Cheng, Y.-J. Yang, H. Yang, J.-J. Wu
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de B.-S. Sheu et al., pp. 942Endoscopy 2007; 39(11): 1028-1028DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308879
CARCINOMA OF THE TESTES
Authors: James C. Kimbrough
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Although almost all tumors of the testes are malignant, such tumors are rare. These tumors, however, present a particularly serious problem in the armed forces inasmuch as they are found chiefly in young adults from 20 to 40 years of age, with the peak occurrence in the late 20's. Few cases have been reported in the very young or in the aged. Since the incidence in the armed forces personnel is about 1 in 10,000, the mobilization of more than 10 million men in the early 1940's gave physicians an opportunity to treat and observe a large number of patients with cancer of the testis. In 1946, Friedman and Moore<sup>1</sup>reported 922 cases—a startling number—from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. <h3>ETIOLOGY</h3> As in cancer of other organs, the etiology of cancer of the testis is obscure. Since these tumors occur at the period of greatest sexual vigor, it
Thrombocytopenia. A complication of mumps
Authors: D. Y. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The mechanism of thrombocytopenia associated with mumps was investigated in a case proved by virus isolation. Although an immune mechanism for the thrombocytopenia has been postulated, platelet agglutinins, clot retraction inhibitors, complement-fixing platelet antibodies, or stimulation of platelet factor 3 availability could not be demonstrated in either the presence or absence of mumps-specific antigens. These results suggest that thrombocytopenia is not a consequence of antibodies directed against normal platelets nor against mumps antigen adsorbed to platelets. Rather, it appears that in this disorder, thrombocytopenia may result from a direct action of the virus or a viral antigen-antibody complex on platelets.
Site of myocardial infarction. A determinant of the cardiovascular changes induced in the cat by coronary occlusion.
Authors: P B Corr, D L Pearle, J R Hinton, W C Roberts, R A Gillis
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The influence of site of acute myocardial infarction on heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR), cardiac rhythm, and mortality was determined in 58 anesthetized cats by occlusion of either the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex or right coronary artery. LAD occlusion resulted in immediate decrease in cardiac output, heart rate, and blood pressure, an increase in TPR, and cardiac rhythm changes including premature ventricular beats, ventricular tachycardia, and occasionally ventricular fibrillation. The decrease in cardiac output and increase in TPR persisted in the cats surviving a ventricular arrhythmia. In contrast, right coronary occlusion resulted in a considerably smaller decrease in cardiac output. TPR did not increase, atrioventricular condition disturbances were common, and sinus bradycardia and hypotension persisted in the cats recovering from an arrhythmia. Left circumflex ligation resulted in cardiovascular changes intermediate between those produced by occlusion of the LAD or the right coronary artery. Mortality was similar in each of the three groups. We studied the coronary artery anatomy in 12 cats. In 10, the blood supply to the sinus node was from the right coronary artery and in 2, from the left circumflex coronary artery. The atrioventricular node artery arose from the right in 9 cats, and from the left circumflex in 3. The right coronary artery was dominant in 9 cats and the left in 3. In conclusion, the site of experimental coronary occlusion in cats is a major determinant of the hemodynamic and cardiac rhythm changes occurring after acute myocardial infarction. The cardiovascular responses evoked by ligation are related in part to the anatomical distribution of the occluded artery.
AMA backs health reform legislation
Authors: J. Ciment
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The American Medical Association (AMA) voted last month to endorse Norwood-Dingell, a healthcare reform bill that would grant consumers the right to sue their health maintenance organisations (HMOs) for improperly denying services.

The bill, named after its joint sponsors (representatives Charles Norwood, a Georgia Republican, and John Dingell, a Michigan Democrat), gives consumers the right to sue in a state court for both compensatory and punitive damages.

According to the AMA's president, Thomas Reardon, the main concern of members is the patient. “A physician should make healthcare decisions, not …
Hypermethylation in Histologically Distinct Classes of Breast Cancer
Authors: Young Kyung Bae, Amy Brown, Elizabeth Garrett, Daniel Bornman, Mary Jo Fackler, Saraswati Sukumar, James G. Herman, Edward Gabrielson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: A number of different genes are known to be inactivated by aberrant hypermethylation in breast cancer, but it is still unknown to what extent these epigenetic alterations differ according to specific breast cancer phenotypes. We sought to determine whether the extent of hypermethylation or defined profiles of gene hypermethylation are associated with biological characteristics of breast cancers. Experimental Design: We evaluated methylation status of 12 different genes in a series of 109 invasive breast tumors, representing the ductal, lobular, and mucinous histologic subtypes using methylation-specific PCR. Frequencies of methylation were compared across the recognized histologic classes, and multivariate techniques (latent class analysis, factor analysis, recursive partitioning, and hierarchical clustering) were used to seek patterns of methylation for individual genes that distinguish recognized histologic types of breast cancer or define breast cancer phenotypes on a molecular level. Results: All 109 cases studied have aberrant methylation of multiple genes (3 to 10 genes per case), demonstrating that gene hypermethylation is pervasive in breast cancer. Lobular cancers and mucinous cancers, which often have relatively low levels of chromosomal changes, have higher overall frequencies of hypermethylation than ductal cancers (49% in lobular and mucinous versus 40% in ductal), but there is a relatively unimodal distribution of methylation frequency for all three histologic types. Only one of the individual genes studied, BRCA1, has a variable frequency of methylation that is significantly dependent on histologic pattern of tumor growth, with a higher frequency of methylation in mucinous cancers than ductal or lobular cancers. Although some trends of histology-specific gene methylation were seen, methylation patterns could not definitively classify breast cancers according to histologic type. Conclusions: Although a more comprehensive hypermethylation profile could potentially be useful for breast cancer classification and understanding the biology of this disease, it appears that the hypermethylation patterns across various forms of breast cancer are less distinct than those between breast cancer and cancers of different tissue origins. Furthermore, the relatively unimodal distribution of methylation frequency for all three histologic types does not support there being a distinct CpG island methylator phenotype for breast cancer.
Job Strain and Recurrent Coronary Heart Disease Events—Reply
Authors: Corine Aboa-Éboulé
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association between Body Mass and Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Gastric Cardia
Authors: Jesper Lagergren
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: The incidence of esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma is, for unknown reasons, increasing dramatically. A weak and inconsistent association between body mass index (BMI) and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia has been reported. Objective: To reexamine the association between BMI and development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Design: Nationwide, population-based case–control study. Setting: Sweden, 1995 through 1997. Patients: Patients younger than 80 years of age who had recently received a diagnosis were eligible. Comprehensive organization ensured rapid case ascertainment. Controls were randomly selected from the continuously updated population register. Interviews were conducted with 189 patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and 262 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia; for comparison, 167 patients with incident esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma and 820 controls were also interviewed. Measurements: Odds ratios were determined from BMI and cancer case–control status. Odds ratios estimated the relative risk for the two adenocarcinomas studied and were calculated by multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Results: A strong dose-dependent relation existed between BMI and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The adjusted odds ratio was 7.6 (95% CI, 3.8 to 15.2) among persons in the highest BMI quartile compared with persons in the lowest. Obese persons (persons with a BMI > 30 kg/m2) had an odds ratio of 16.2 (CI, 6.3 to 41.4) compared with the leanest persons (persons with a BMI < 22 kg/m2). The odds ratio for patients with cardia adenocarcinoma was 2.3 (CI, 1.5 to 3.6) in those in the highest BMI quartile compared with those in the lowest BMI quartile and 4.3 (CI, 2.1 to 8.7) among obese persons. Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma was not associated with BMI. Conclusions: The association between BMI and esophageal adenocarcinoma is strong and is not explained by bias or confounding. The carcinogenic mechanism, however, remains to be clarified. The increasing prevalence of obesity in western countries could be important in understanding the increasing occurrence of this tumor.
Preparation and evaluation of nanoparticles made of chitosan or N-trimethyl chitosan and a cisplatin–alginate complex
Authors: S. Cafaggi, E. Russo, R. Stefani, R. Leardi, G. Caviglioli, B. Parodi, G. Bignardi, D. De Totero, C. Aiello, M. Viale
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
Platelet-dependent thrombin generation in patients with diabetes mellitus: Effects of glycemic control on coagulability in diabetes
Authors: Isao Aoki, Katsuya Shimoyama, Nobuo Aoki, Masashi Homori, Atsuo Yanagisawa, Kazuhiko Nakahara, Yohko Kawai, Shin-Ichi Kitamura, Kyozo Ishikawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)