tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3377: Oncolytic herpes simplex virus treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cancer stem-like cell orthotopic tumor model
Authors: Slawomir J. Antoszczyk, Samuel D. Rabkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly aggressive soft tissue sarcomas arising in peripheral nerves that often occur in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and have an extremely poor prognosis. Therapy consists of surgery followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy, which are generally of limited efficacy. Cancer stem cells are a subpopulation of tumor cells with stem cell like properties that are thought to be important in tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis. We have isolated MPNST cancer stem-like cells (MSLCs) from a human MPNST cell line by non-adherent sphere-culture in neurosphere media with EGF and bFGF (without serum). Implantation of the MSLCs in the sciatic nerve generates an orthotopic MPNST model in athymic mice. As the tumors grow, mice develop neurologic deficits that are quantified using a neurologic scoring system and externally measurable masses. As a novel therapeutic strategy we are using oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) vectors, which replicate in and kill tumor cells but not normal tissue. Tumor selectivity is engendered by mutating viral genes that make virus replication non-permissive in ‘normal’ cells, while retaining permissivity in cancer cells. For these studies, we used G47α, a multi-mutated oHSV with deletions in the α34.5 and ICP47 genes and an inactivating LacZ insertion in the ICP6 gene. G47α is very efficacious in many tumor models and is currently in clinical trial for glioblastoma. G47α was able to infect and spread in MSLCs in vitro and MSLC-derived tumors in vivo. Treatment of established MSLC-derived sciatic nerve tumors with a single intratumoral injection of G47α significantly prolonged survival of mice and reduced neurologic deficits. There was no difference in survival between mice treated with 2 x 10^5 pfu versus 2 x 10^6 pfu, although the mice receiving the higher virus dose had significantly higher neurologic score (less deficit). We describe a new preclinical MPNST model generated by implantation of human MSLCs into the sciatic nerve of immune-deficient mice. Treatment of established tumors by oHSV G47α is highly efficacious. These preclinical studies suggest that oHSV should be considered for the treatment of patients with MPNST. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3377. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3377
THE VALUE OF PUPILLARY CHANGE IN SPINAL AND BRAIN DIAGNOSES.
Authors: JAMES A. LYDSTON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The intimate relationship between the brain, the spinal cord and the eye, leads us to infer that the pathologic processes implicating the eye should enable us to diagnosticate various morbid processes primarily asserting thenselves in the spinal cord and brain. And while we possess certain data more or less positive in their character, among which pupillary change is prominently figured, we are not always able to define positively by the disturbed pupillary reflex the site of such pathologic processes. It seems, however, that an outline of the pupillary changes consequent upon spinal or brain lesion that are definite in character, should prove advantageous to the general practitioner as well as the ophthalmologist; consequently we will enumerate, as far as practicable, the diseases of the cord and brain with their accompanying pupillary changes which are conspicuously significant and explain their etiology. Since the pupil is nothing more than a circular opening
812. Non-Human Primate Serotype rh.10 AAV Directed Therapeutic Serum Levels of α1-antitrypsin Following Intrapleural Administration in Mice with Pre-Existing Immunity to AAV
Authors: Bishnu P. De, Adriana Heguy, Neil R. Hackett, John Lee, Guangping Gao, James M. Wilson, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
NKT-cell subsets: Promoters and protectors in inflammatory liver disease
Authors: Vipin Kumar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

Natural killer T cells (NKT) are innate-like cells which are abundant in liver sinusoids and express the cell surface receptors of NK cells (e.g., NK1.1 (mouse) or CD161+/CD56+(human)) as well as an antigen receptor (TCR) characteristic of conventional T cells. NKT cells recognize lipid antigens in the context of CD1d, a non-polymorphic MHC class I-like molecule. Activation of NKT cells has a profound influence on the immune response against tumors and infectious organisms and in autoimmune diseases. NKT cells can be categorized into at least two distinct subsets: iNKT or type I use a semi-invariant TCR, whereas type II NKT TCRs are more diverse. Recent evidence suggests that NKT-cell subsets can play opposing roles early in non-microbial liver inflammation in that type I NKT are proinflammatory whereas type II NKT cells inhibit type I NKT-mediated liver injury.
Attentional Filtering of Visual Information by Neuronal Ensembles in the Primate Lateral Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Sébastien Tremblay, Florian Pieper, Adam Sachs, Julio Martinez-Trujillo
Journal: Neuron (2014)

The activity of neurons in the primate lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is strongly modulated by visual attention. Such a modulation has mostly been documented by averaging the activity of independently recorded neurons over repeated experimental trials. However, in realistic settings, ensembles of simultaneously active LPFC neurons must generate attentional signals on a single-trial basis, despite the individual and correlated variability of neuronal responses. Whether, under these circumstances, the LPFC can reliably generate attentional signals is unclear. Here, we show that the simultaneous activity of neuronal ensembles in the primate LPFC can be reliably decoded to predict the allocation of attention on a single-trial basis. Decoding was sensitive to the noise correlation structure of the ensembles. Additionally, it was resilient to distractors, predictive of behavior, and stable over weeks. Thus, LPFC neuronal ensemble activity can reliably encode attention within behavioral timeframes, despite the noisy and correlated nature of neuronal activity.Video AbstracteyJraWQiOiI4ZjUxYWNhY2IzYjhiNjNlNzFlYmIzYWFmYTU5NmZmYyIsImFsZyI6IlJTMjU2In0.eyJzdWIiOiI2MzBkMmUwNjI3NzExNGJlNmZiMDUxZWFmNDUwNzJkMyIsImtpZCI6IjhmNTFhY2FjYjNiOGI2M2U3MWViYjNhYWZhNTk2ZmZjIiwiZXhwIjoxNjc4OTc1Njc5fQ.l3zLa0MChkDjoVz2wuyHFWpFrHsbE1Vbx6QfBpWH5P7EimZ3HljGXLRwj7MDKYL4QhkHisxAB-C8yX6rNpKhGzHHJ6D5EEmpD_iwt4fqGa5gbH2zr1Dqyhw3tUyGoh4_4aBpk3XyEWo9C-mbB-d8-tk1U4lAkLqY9ZPipF3efVFPGIMLRuFf4RqPhQFcit1Luxj5gIfFLXgFnjx8cSbww1dKGFkugBHB5Iqcd-DOUdgdhNw7hgNDukRtrm8KQNY_9YSJ3idc8sAGa95dNs-iwxuWKluAoY-uq0ohNVrKwsr0w3dmXAvOoSdLvf4vmm4SqF_c--LNAyLtOurMQ0MC8g(mp4, (48.66 MB) Download video
Tendency to underestimate the severity of androgenetic alopecia: reply from authors
Authors: F. Collins, S. Biondo, R. Sinclair
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Tendency to underestimate the severity of androgenetic alopecia: reply from authors Get access F. Collins, F. Collins Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Biondo, S. Biondo Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Sinclair R. Sinclair Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia Rodney Sinclair. E‐mail: sinclair@svhm.org.au Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 6, 1 June 2005, Page 1363, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06596.x Published: 01 June 2005
Controlling the avoidable causes of cancer: needs and opportunities for etiologic research.
Authors: J M Samet
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

This meeting of the President's Cancer Panel was designed to provide an overview of known and suspect causes of cancer and to indicate those that might be considered avoidable. Two complex concepts are inherent in this charge: cause and avoidability. Risk factors for cancer are designated as causal when the evidence from observational and laboratory research is judged sufficient in relation to criteria for causality; the extent to which cancers of specific sites can be avoided is best estimated by the attributable risk statistic, which incorporates both the exposure pattern and the relative risk for the cancer-causing agent. A research agenda on avoidable causes of cancer should then address both the risks associated with the agents that cause cancer and the pattern of exposure to the agents. Presentations at the meeting highlighted gaps in the evidence on the risks associated with various known and potential causes of cancer and on the patterns of exposure across the diverse groups within the population. In spite of these gaps, presenters emphasized that the evidence is already sufficient to justify intervention for many agents and that action need not be delayed for the well-characterized causes of cancer. In addition to research recommendations offered by presenters for specific causal agents, the scientific basis for cancer prevention might be generally strengthened by new research strategies directed at developing new tools for exposure assessment, for investigating the risks of mixtures, and for population surveillance.
COSTAL EXSECTIONS AND EMPYEMA.
Authors: Geo. N. Monette
Journal: JAMA (1884)

New Orleans, March24, 1884. N. S.Davis, m.d., ll.d., Chicago, Ill. <h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —Estlander's thoracoplasty, while conferring a great boon upon patients "across the water" suffering with chronic empyema or even hydrothorax, or pleuro-cutaneous fistula, is not a new surgical procedure in America. Our late Dr. Warren Stone advocated and utilized resection of the ribs for such cases more than 30 years since successfully. I have seen him perform it personally a little less than 20 years since. The phenomena present in Estlander's cases are identical with those of more antiquated reports of cases, yet his detailed reasoning embodies more technical ground than is generally accredited to the conditions pro and con. Apart from the fistulous outlet, the late Dr. Stone usually selected the sixth and seventh intercostal space, as well as I can recall. If this will be of any importance to your collected data, let all honor
1391 PHENOTYPE–GENOTYPE CORRELATIONS IN SIBLINGS OF INDEX PATIENTS WITH WILSON DISEASE
Authors: H. Hofer, K.H. Weiss, C. Willheim, R. Houwen, F. Szalay, T.L. Pop, R. Bruha, T. Müller, W. Stremmel, P. Ferenci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Guido Carlomagno, Flora Affuso, Raffaele Napoli, Valentina Mercurio, Valeria Fazio, Filomena Micillo, Concetta Pirozzi, Antonio Ruvolo, Luigi Saccá, Serafino Fazio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
P216Reticard study: relationship between retinopathy and cardiovascular disease
Authors: M Marina Breysse, J Piqueras Flores, MT Lopez Lluva, N Pinilla Echeverri, I Lopez Mesa, H Estero Serrano De La Cruz, A Gonzalez Garcia, I Sanchez Perez, J Benezet, F Lozano Ruiz Poveda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: There is abundant scientific evidence on the relationship between retinopathy and cardiovascular disease. However anatomical correlation between the retinal lesions and coronary artery disease has been less studied. Our objective is to evaluate the relationship between the degrees of hypertensive, diabetic and / or atherosclerotic retinopathy and the coronary artery disease.
Intrathecal Baclofen: Not All Spasticity Is Bad
Authors: Mark A. Young
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Albright et al<sup>1</sup>detail the clinical usefulness of intrathecal baclofen for treating spasticity in patients with cerebral palsy as a more effective alternative to oral administration. However, one disadvantage with this approach, as with other pharmacological modes of treatment, is the potential for simultaneous elimination of "functional forms" of spasticity. Excessive spasticity reduction in the lower-extremity antigravity muscles may significantly diminish the ability of the patient with spasticity to ambulate. Aptly labeled "physiological crutch" in certain clinical instances, spasticity can enable the patient with central nervous system injury to walk and to achieve optimal functional recovery.
Expression of Aquaporin 1 in Primary Renal Tumors: A Prognostic Indicator for Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ying Huang, Takayuki Murakami, Futoshi Sano, Keiichi Kondo, Noboru Nakaigawa, Takeshi Kishida, Yoshinobu Kubota, Yoji Nagashima, Masahiro Yao
Journal: European Urology (2008)
A Summary of the Therapeutic Field.
Authors: Thomas F. Reilly.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

New York, Feb. 5, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. J. W. Robinson, McCammon, Idaho, has kindly called my attention to two inaccuracies in my address, published inThe JournalSept. 1, 1906. (1) Nitrous acid should read nitrous oxid. (2) The sentence stating that chemically scopolamin is the same as<i>atropin</i>, etc., should read it is the same as<i>hyoscin</i>, etc. Other matter explanatory of difference in action of those alkaloids was unintentionally omitted from the typewritten copy, and as I was in Europe when the proof was forwarded I could not correct it.
Oats and coeliac disease
Authors: R Dor
Journal: Gut (2002)

We read the study by Janatuinen et al ( Gut 2002; 50 :332–5) with great interest. However, we would like to highlight some concerns.

The initial study1 included 92 patients randomised to two groups—oats and gluten free diet, 45 and 47 patients respectively—however, these numbers do not correspond to those in figure 1 of their paper.

Patients were verbally consenting volunteers, thus introducing selection bias to compliance. The number of dropouts, especially in the control group, was surprisingly high (41 in total). Were there so many dropouts because of the unpalatability of oats or concerns over their safety? If the latter, then surely this would be greater in the oats group.

It is not clear whether patients were followed up in the interim period between 12 months and five years. It would be important to ascertain objectively whether the oats group were in fact including oats in their diet, as omission would not address their long term safety. Assessment of compliance and food diary are very subjective, introducing bias towards dietary compliance. How was this done? We were surprised to see that one third of the oats group did not in fact take oats at all, so only one third of patients were ingesting oats on a daily …
Studies on a new lymphocyte mitogen from Bordetella pertussis. I. Induction of proliferation and polyclonal antibody formation.
Authors: M K Ho, S I Morse, A S Kong
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Pertussis B mitogen (PBM), isolated from culture supernatant fluids of Bordetella pertussis, is a potent mitogen for mouse and human lymphocytes. In mice, &amp;gt; 95% of the blast cells recovered from PBM cultures bear surface immunoglobulins. Therefore, PBM seems to induce proliferation of mouse B lymphocytes, but not T cells. The proliferative response observed is nonspecific because cells from all mouse strains tested, including germfree animals, are responsive. Moreover, the mitogenic activity of PBM is independent of T lymphocytes, macrophages, or serum factors. When human peripheral blood or cord blood lymphocytes are cultured in the presence of PBM, a high level of thymidine incorporation by these cells is detected. Furthermore, PBM can induce polyclonal antibody formation by both mouse and human lymphocytes. Despite similar methods of isolation, PBM is distinct from the lymphocytosis-promoting factor of B. pertussis, a previously described T cell mitogen.
Abstract P2-14-03: Development and evaluation of a prediction model based on routine clinicopathological variables for predicting underestimated invasive breast cancer in women with ductal carcinoma in situ at stereotactic large core needle biopsy
Authors: SCE Diepstraten, SMWY van de Ven, RM Pijnappel, PHM Peeters, MAAJ van den Bosch, HM Verkooijen, SG Elias
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: To develop a multivariable model for prediction of underestimated invasiveness in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) at stereotactic large core needle biopsy (LCNB), that can be used to select patients for sentinel node biopsy (SNB) at primary surgery. Methods: From the literature, we selected potential preoperative predictors of underestimated invasive breast cancer. Data of patients with nonpalpable breast lesions who were diagnosed with DCIS at stereotactic LCNB, drawn from the COBRA (Core Biopsy after RAdiological localization) and COBRA2000 studies, were used to fit the multivariable model and assess its overall performance, discrimination, and calibration. Results: 348 women with LCNB-proven DCIS were available for analysis. In 100 (28.7%) patients invasive carcinoma was found at subsequent surgery. Nine predictors were included in the model. In the multivariable analysis, the predictors with the strongest association were lesion size (OR 1.12 per cm, 95% CI 0.98-1.28), the number of cores retrieved at biopsy (OR per core 0.87, 95% CI 0.75-1.01), presence of lobular cancerization (OR 5.29, 95% CI 1.25-26.77), and microinvasion (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.42-9.87). The overall performance of the multivariable model was poor with an explained variation of 9% (Nagelkerke's R2), mediocre discrimination with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.58-0.73), and fairly good calibration. Conclusion: The evaluation of our multivariable prediction model in a large, clinically representative study population, proves that routine clinical and pathological variables are not suitable to select patients with LCNB-proven DCIS for SNB during primary surgery. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-14-03.
Effect of the beta-agonist clenbuterol on dexamethasone-induced diaphragm dysfunction in rabbits.
Authors: T X Jiang, A Cairns, J D Road, P G Wilcox
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The present study was designed to examine whether clenbuterol (CLEN) could reduce dexamethasone (DEX)-induced diaphragm dysfunction. We studied four groups of New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits, each receiving one of the following daily injections subcutaneously for 2 wk: saline (control), DEX 3 mg/kg, DEX 3 mg/kg + CLEN 2 mg/kg, and CLEN 2 mg/kg. Diaphragm fiber cross-sectional areas (CSA) were measured. Twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and tetanic Pdi were measured during bilateral phrenic stimulation both before and after 60 min of inspiratory resistive loading (IRL). DEX produced a marked atrophy of type IIa and type IIb diaphragm fibers. This diaphragm atrophy was prevented by CLEN in the DEX plus CLEN group. CLEN alone increased CSAs of all three types of diaphragm fibers. Significant reductions in twitch Pdi and tetanic Pdi at all stimulation frequencies both before and after IRL were observed similarly in the DEX group as well as in the DEX plus CLEN group compared with the control animals. We conclude that DEX produces significant diaphragm atrophy and decreases diaphragmatic contractility. CLEN produces hypertrophy of the diaphragm and minimizes diaphragm atrophy induced by DEX, but it has no demonstrable protective effect on DEX-induced diaphragm dysfunction.
Comparing Surgical Treatments for Sciatica
Authors: Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A NEW METHOD OF SKIN GRAFTING.
Authors: GEORGE T. DOOLITTLE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

There are few minor operations so annoying or troublesome as to undertake to cover a large denuded surface with skin. The average practitioner attempts to obtain large grafts by the use of the razor, but generally after one or two trials he abandons the effort in disgust. In fact, it requires an expert to do it successfully. Many cases of extensive sores and granulating surfaces from burns and other causes are left to heal over as best they may, aided only by an antiseptic dressing, to be followed by the inevitable result of ugly scars and generally more or less contraction. The old method of using small grafts made it a very slow process to cover a denuded surface of any considerable size, and the varied thickness of the grafts made growth uncertain. Larger pieces were tried but failure often followed, until Thiersch introduced his method, which consisted in antiseptically
The Long-Range Prognosis Is...
Authors: Frederick Butzen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The crystalline towers of New Chicago, Vega VII's capital city, were flecked with the pale light of early morning, as an aircab glided toward the rooftop hanger of an office building. It nestled onto a pad, the door popped open, and a middle-aged man stepped out. He stifled a yawn and rubbed his bloodshot eyes; another workday had begun for Leonard McCoy, MD, formerly of Star Fleet, now in private practice.  McCoy paused to get a cup of coffee from an autoserve, then went to his office and sat down, slurping the coffee slowly. Brother, he thought, has it been only ten years since I left Star Fleet? Seems more like ten thousand. Oh, Lawdy, I hope I'm not getting sentimental! Star Fleet was OK, at first—'Join the Fleet, See the Galaxy'—and I saw it all right, every sleezy spaceport from here to Betelgeuse. Got to hate it after a