tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neck Circumference Positively Related With Central Obesity, Overweight, and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: Beijing Community Diabetes Study 4
Authors: Guang-ran Yang, Shen-yuan Yuan, Han-jing Fu, Gang Wan, Liang-xiang Zhu, Xiang-lei Bu, Jian-dong Zhang, Xue-ping Du, Yu-ling Li, Yu Ji, Xiao-ning Gu, Yue Li
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between neck circumference and central obesity, overweight, and metabolic syndrome in Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 3,182 diabetic subjects (aged 20–80 years) were recruited from 15 community health centers in Beijing using a multistage random sampling approach. RESULTS Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve for neck circumference and central obesity was 0.77 for men and 0.75 for women (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Furthermore, a neck circumference of ≥38 cm for men and ≥35 cm for women was the best cutoff point for determining overweight subjects. A neck circumference of ≥39 cm for men and ≥35 cm for women was the best cutoff point to determine subjects with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, neck circumference is positively related with BMI, waist circumference, and metabolic syndrome in Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Genetic factors influence ethanol-induced uroporphyria inHfe(?/?) mice
Authors: Nadia Gorman, Heidi W. Trask, William J. Bement, Juliana G. Szakacs, George H. Elder, Dominic Balestra, Nicholas J. Jacobs, Judith M. Jacobs, Jacqueline F. Sinclair, Glenn S. Gerhard, Peter R. Sinclair
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Two major risk factors for porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) are alcohol consumption and homozygosity for the C282Y mutation in the hereditary hemochromatosis gene (HFE). We recently described an animal model for alcohol-induced uroporphyria, using Hfe(-/-) mice. In the present study we show that this effect is dependent on genetic background and ethanol dose. In the 129S6/SvEvTac (129) strain, treatment with 15% ethanol in the drinking water for 6.5 months produced an accumulation of hepatic uroporphyrin (URO) 4-fold higher than that observed with 10% ethanol, a 90% decrease in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity (UROD), and further increased the activities of hepatic 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS) and CYP1A2. Hepatic nonheme iron (NHFe) and hepatocyte iron staining were not further increased by 15% compared to 10% ethanol. Treatment of C57BL/6 Hfe(-/-) mice with 15% ethanol for 6.5 months did not increase hepatic URO. Although NHFe was increased by ethanol, the resulting level was only half that of ethanol-treated 129 Hfe(-/-) mice. ALAS induction was similar in both Hfe(-/-) strains. In wild-type 129 mice treated with ethanol for 6 to 7 months, administration of iron dextran increased hepatic URO accumulation and decreased UROD activity. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a strong effect of genetic background on ethanol-induced uroporphyria, which is probably due to a greater effect of ethanol on iron metabolism in the susceptible strain.
REACTIONS OF RABBITS TO NON-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI
Authors: Homer F. Swift, C. L. Derick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

Rabbits immunized intravenously with living culture or nucleoproteins of non-hemolytic streptococci react to subsequent intracutaneous inoculations with homologous streptococci with smaller and harder lesions than are shown by normal animals similarly inoculated; and they do not develop the general manifestations of hypersensitiveness such as are shown by animals previously inoculated into the tissues with the same cultures. A rabbit may react to intracutaneous inoculation with non-hemolytic streptococci in one of four ways, depending on whether it is normal, hypersensitive, immune or cachectic. Most normal animals show a secondary reaction about 10 days after inoculation with suitable strains of non-hemolytic streptococci; hypersensitive, allergic, or hyperergic animals show much larger lesions than do normals with the corresponding doses of the same streptococci, and practically never show secondary reactions; immune animals show smaller and harder early lesions and usually do not have secondary reactions if they are fairly well immunized. Cachectic animals show very soft and rapidly fading primary reactions and no secondary reactions.
Superficial Femoral Vein Thrombosis: A Potentially Confusing Term-Reply
Authors: Warner P. Bundens
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —We agree with Dr Vea and Dr Bluth that education and direct physician-to-physician communication would decrease the potential for misinterpretation of venous duplex reports and episodes such as Dr Schreiber describes. However, with an estimated 5 million cases of deep venous thrombosis annually in the United States, 1 even a small percentage of error would lead to a significant number of inadequately treated patients. We feel we have demonstrated that there is an inherent potential for confusion in terming a deep vein in which deep venous thrombosis frequently occurs 2 superficial. If something can go wrong, it often does. 3
Typhoid Fever Today
Authors: Edward W. Hook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Typhoid fever is almost always acquired by ingestion of food or water contaminated with excreta from a patient with typhoid or from a carrier.1 Human beings are the only reservoir of Salmonella typhi, and control of typhoid fever has been achieved in many countries by limitation of the fecal–oral spread of the organism from person to person. Nevertheless, the disease continues to be a major world health problem, with hundreds of thousands of cases occurring each year in areas where economic, political, and sociocultural factors impede development in general and advances in sanitation in particular.Control of typhoid has . . .
Hypertension and Blindness
Authors: Donald P. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> An oculist's note might be useful in completing the picture of dire consequences resulting from the nontreatment of hypertension. Please refer to the EDITORIAL and article inThe Journalissue of Nov 15, 1971. Each year I see about six or eight patients partially blinded by complications of hypertension, usually either by retinal vessel occlusion with permanent damage to central vision, or by stroke affecting an occipital lobe. Most of these patients have had periodic physical examination, but prior to their visual insult received no therapy or work-up for previously recognized hypertension. In my practice, more patients are thus blinded by complications of systemic hypertension than by treatable ocular hypertension (glaucomas). These visual consequences, added to the other more widely acknowledged complications of neglected hypertension, make an imperative case for conscientious care of such patients from the time the disease is first detected.
Persistence of hepatitis B virus DNA in the liver after loss of HBsAg in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Tse-Ling Fong, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Michael A. Gerber, Jeanne G. Waggoner, Jay H. Hoofnagle
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

To determine whether patients with chronic hepatitis B who lose hepatitis B virus DNA and HBsAg from the serum completely resolve the hepatitis and virus infection, we evaluated serum and liver tissue from 11 patients who had lost HBsAg. These patients were evaluated for clinical, histological and serological features and for hepatitis B virus DNA by use of hybridization and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Liver biochemical test results were normal in all except two patients who had mild aminotransferase elevations. All sera were negative for hepatitis B virus DNA by direct hybridization, and only one was positive transiently by polymerase chain reaction. Liver histology was abnormal in all patients, but the changes were mild and markedly improved compared with biopsy specimens taken before loss of HBsAg. Liver tissue from 10 patients was positive for hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction but not by direct hybridization. These findings indicate that loss of HBsAg is associated with marked improvements in clinical and serum biochemical features of chronic hepatitis B, yet mild degrees of hepatitis and low levels of viral DNA may persist in the liver.
Pulmonary Uptake of Gallium-67 in Wegener??s Granulomatosis
Authors: LAURENCE I. ALPERT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

A case of Wegener's granulomatosis diagnosed by open lung biopsy demonstrated intense pulmonary uptake of Ga-67 in the involved portion of the lung. This represents the first reported case of this disease showing gallium uptake.
Mammography, Aspiration, and Biopsy
Authors: Frank E. Gump
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Kopans et al (1981;246:2819) describing the importance of preoperative mammography in symptomatic women brings a number of important points to our attention. The authors present five reasons for preoperative mammography, and my concern is with the second category. The greatest danger associated with mammography has not been the well-publicized fear of radiation exposure but rather delay in diagnosis of breast cancer because the mammogram was read as normal despite the presence of a mass in the breast. The authors have taken pains to point this out and are obviously aware of the fact that many cancers will not be evident on mammography. However, using the mammogram to define three types of breast masses that do not require biopsy compromises a principle of overriding importance. All dominant breast masses require aspiration or biopsy. Aspiration will deal with many of the lesions in category 2 and
Transient right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale secondary to unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis.
Authors: P J Cordero, P Morales, V Mora, J Cebrian, J Vallterra, J Gudin, E Benlloch, V Marco
Journal: Thorax (1994)

A 57 year old patient presented with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis and severe hypoxaemia secondary to transient right-to-left interatrial shunting through a patent foramen ovale. The final diagnosis was made because of the initial detection of a shunt while the patient was breathing 100% oxygen.
Endothelial and nonendothelial sources of PDGF-B regulate pericyte recruitment and influence vascular pattern formation in tumors
Authors: Alexandra Abramsson, Per Lindblom, Christer Betsholtz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Tumor-infiltrating blood vessels deviate morphologically and biochemically from normal vessels, raising the prospect of selective pharmacological targeting. Current antiangiogenic approaches focus mainly on endothelial cells, but recent data imply that targeting pericytes may provide additional benefits. Further development of these concepts will require deeper insight into mechanisms of pericyte recruitment and function in tumors. Here, we applied genetic tools to decipher the function of PDGF-B and PDGF-Rβ in pericyte recruitment in a mouse fibrosarcoma model. In tumors transplanted into PDGF-B retention motif–deficient (pdgf-bret/ret) mice, pericytes were fewer and were partially detached from the vessel wall, coinciding with increased tumor vessel diameter and hemorrhaging. Transgenic PDGF-B expression in tumor cells was able to increase the pericyte density in both WT and pdgf-bret/ret mice but failed to correct the pericyte detachment in pdgf-bret/ret mice. Coinjection of exogenous pericytes and tumor cells showed that pericytes require PDGF-Rβ for recruitment to tumor vessels, whereas endothelial PDGF-B retention is indispensable for proper integration of pericytes in the vessel wall. Our data support the notion that pericytes serve an important function in tumor vessels and highlight PDGF-B and PDGF-Rβ as promising molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.
Six cases of malignant atrophic papulosis (Degos'disease) occurring in one family
Authors: L.S. KISCH, D.P. BRUYNZEEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Six cases of malignant atrophic papulosis (Degos'disease) occurring in one family Get access L.S. KISCH, L.S. KISCH Department of Dermatology, Free University Hospital, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.P. BRUYNZEEL D.P. BRUYNZEEL Department of Dermatology, Free University Hospital, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue 4, 1 October 1984, Pages 469–471, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb06611.x Published: 01 October 1984 Article history Accepted: 27 March 1984 Published: 01 October 1984
Myeloid Type I Interferon Signaling Promotes Atherosclerosis by Stimulating Macrophage Recruitment to Lesions
Authors: Pieter Goossens, Marion J.J. Gijbels, Alma Zernecke, Wouter Eijgelaar, Monique N. Vergouwe, Ingeborg van der Made, Joris Vanderlocht, Linda Beckers, Wim A. Buurman, Mat J.A.P. Daemen, Ulrich Kalinke, Christian Weber, Esther Lutgens, Menno P.J. de Winther
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Direct Extension of Retropharyngeal Abscess Demonstrated by Gallium Scan
Authors: PANUKORN VASINRAPEE, FRED S. MISHKIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A case that demonstrates the value of Ga-67 citrate imaging in a retropharyngeal abscess with direct spread into the deep muscular planes on the upper back is reported. The gallium scan indicated the true extent and spread of the abscess prior to the clinical presentation.
Abstract 5093: Nucleolin phosphorylation profiling under normal and cellular stress conditions
Authors: Kenneth Ng, Allana Rodriguez, Anjana D. Saxena
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Nucleolin (NCL) is a ubiquitous nucleolar phosphoprotein that integrates critical cellular processes, from cell growth (ribosome biogenesis) and cell proliferation to cell cycle arrest and cell death. Deregulation of these processes often lead to different pathological conditions including cancer and heightened levels of nucleolin are often found in a variety of tumors. Nucleolin is highly phosphorylated at the N-terminus by two major kinases: interphase casein kinase 2 (CK2) and mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1). Although increased nucleolin phosphorylation by CK2 is finely regulated in exponentially dividing cells, the role of nucleolin phosphorylation in regulating cell cycle remains largely unexplored. The high content of acidic stretches in the N-terminus of nucleolin protein limits the effective use of mass-spectrophotometry as well as our ability to generate various phosphorylation-specific nucleolin antibodies. In this study, we used novel phosphate-binding tag to analyze nucleolin phosphorylation in human osteosarcoma cells. With phosphate affinity gel electrophoresis and subsequent western analyses, we have enabled the detection and quantification of different phosphorylation states of nucleolin during interphase as well as in mitosis. CK2 phosphorylated nucleolin (as in interphase) has multiple bands that migrate slower when bound to phos-tag as compared to hypo-phosphorylated nucleolin mutant (6/S*A, where six consensus CK2 sites were modified from serine to alanine and hence defective in undergoing phosphorylation). In contrast, a single hyper-phosphorylated nuclolin band was predominant in mitotic arrested cells. Furthermore, we elucidated nucleolin phosphorylation patterns under various cellular stresses e.g. DNA damage (UV, CPT) as well as kinase stimulation (e.g. arachidonic acid) or inhibition by CK2-specific inhibitor CX4945. Our data provide for the first time informative nucleolin phosphorylation patterns during different cellular conditions. This profiling of nucleolin phosphoprotein is essential in understanding the role of nucleolin phosphorylation in various cellular processes as well as during cellular response to stress. This work is supported by grants PSC/CUNY 66740-00 44 and CA175794. Citation Format: Kenneth Ng, Allana Rodriguez, Anjana D. Saxena. Nucleolin phosphorylation profiling under normal and cellular stress conditions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5093. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5093
THE INSULIN TREATMENT OF PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE NONDIABETIC ACIDOSIS
Authors: DAVID FISHER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The action of insulin in the treatment of diabetes is well known, and its specificity in the acidosis and coma complicating this has been sufficiently demonstrated to give it a distinct clinical basis. Since insulin causes such a rapid disappearance of diabetic acidosis, it first occurred to Thalhimer<sup>1</sup>that the various types of nondiabetic acidosis might be treated just as successfully, and in a recent publication he gave a new impulse to the use of insulin by reporting three cases<sup>2</sup>of post-operative acidosis treated with insulin in which there was almost an immediate cessation of vomiting and ketosis. The results obtained were more rapid and more certain than by the use of glucose alone. This immediately opens a large, new field for the therapeutic use of insulin, one unforeseen by its original investigators, and at the same time, if properly placed on a distinct clinical basis, puts into
Atrial Fibrillation Begets Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Maurits C.E.F. Wijffels, Charles J.H.J. Kirchhof, Rick Dorland, Maurits A. Allessie
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background In this study we tested the hypothesis that atrial fibrillation (AF) causes electrophysiological changes of the atrial myocardium which might explain the progressive nature of the arrhythmia. Methods and Results Twelve goats were chronically instrumented with multiple electrodes sutured to the epicardium of both atria. Two to 3 Weeks after implantation, the animals were connected to a fibrillation pacemaker which artificially maintained AF. Whereas during control episodes of AF were short lasting (6±3 seconds), artificial maintenance of AF resulted in a progressive increase in the duration of AF to become sustained (&gt;24 hours) after 7.1±4.8 days (10 of 11 goats). During the first 24 hours of AF the median fibrillation interval shortened from 145±18 to 108±8 ms and the inducibility of AF by a single premature stimulus increased from 24% to 76%. The atrial effective refractory period (AERP) shortened from 146±19 to 95±20 ms (−35%) (S 1 S 1 , 400 ms). At high pacing rates the shortening was less (−12%), pointing to a reversion of the normal adaptation of the AERP to heart rate. In 5 goats, after 2 to 4 weeks of AF, sinus rhythm was restored and all electrophysiological changes were found to be reversible within 1 week. Conclusions Artificial maintenance of AF leads to a marked shortening of AERP, a reversion of its physiological rate adaptation, and an increase in rate, inducibility and stability of AF. All these changes were completely reversible within 1 week of sinus rhythm.
Monitoring Therapy in Patients Taking Levothyroxine
Authors: Mark Helfand
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Purpose: To evaluate the use of thyroid function tests to monitor therapy in patients taking levothyroxine. Data Identification: Studies published between 1966 and January 1990 were identified through computer searches and references of identified studies. Study Selection: Studies that included a careful description of the patients under study, well-defined interventions, and a meaningful criterion standard were emphasized. Data Extraction: Data from different studies were combined to estimate the probability of positive and negative test results in well-defined clinical situations. Informal methods of synthesizing evidence were used when combining data from different studies was not justified. Results: The sensitive thyrotropin (TSH) test is the preferred method to monitor therapy because it agrees with physiologic measures of thyroid hormone effect. Among clinically euthyroid patients who take 100 to 150 µg/d of levothyroxine, the probability that the sensitive thyrotropin will be undetectable is close to 50%. These patients are most likely to benefit from testing. Patients who take over 250 µg/d are almost certain to have undetectable sensitive thyrotropin levels; in these patients, the dose may be lowered without testing. Conclusions: Adequate long-term studies are needed to determine the role of biochemical testing in monitoring therapy. Current evidence suggests that the sensitive thyrotropin test should be used to monitor therapy. Clinically euthyroid patients taking lower dosages of levothyroxine are most likely to benefit from testing.
Abstract C2: Aspartic acid residues drive the membrane translocation of pHLIP, a therapeutic and imaging agent for solid tumors
Authors: Francisco N. Barrera, Ming An, Dayanjali D. Wijesinghe, Dhammika A. Weerakkody, Michael Anderson, Oleg A. Andreev, Yana K. Reshetnyak, Donald M. Engelman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The pHLIP peptide is a new therapeutic and imaging agent for cancer treatment. The pHLIP (pH-Low-Insertion Peptide) is soluble in solution but interestingly, it is able to interact with the plasma membrane and insert as a monomeric transmembrane helix (pKa=6.0). The insertion requires an acidic extracellular environment, such as that found in most solid tumors and inflammation sites. The pHLIP, which is nontoxic in mice, is specifically distributed to tumors (with minor labeling of kidney), as imaged by PET and near-infrared fluorescence. The insertion of pHLIP is unidirectional, as the C-terminus is translocated across the membrane, while the N-terminus remains exposed to the extracellular medium. The insertion energy can be employed to translocate into the cytoplasm membrane-impermeable molecules. As a proof of principle, we showed that the polar toxin phalloidin (which binds to F-actin, inhibiting its depolymerization) is translocated in a pH-dependent fashion into HeLa, JC, and M4A4 cancer cells, inhibiting cell growth and causing cytoeskeletal immobilization and multinucleation. Here we study the molecular determinants of pHLIP membrane insertion. The pH-mediated translocation is thought to be triggered by the protonation (loss of negative charge) of carboxyl groups present in pHLIP. Accordingly, the four aspartic acid (Asp) residues of pHLIP were sequentially mutated, and the efficacy of the membrane insertion and exit was studied in a liposome system. We found a correlation between the number and location of Asp with the peptides ability in insert into and exit from the membrane in a pH-dependent manner. We also observed that the number of Asp in the peptide determines the insertion properties (pKa and the cooperativity), suggesting that the tumor labeling properties of pHLIP can be specifically tuned to better match the physiological acidity of solid tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr C2.