tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P132: Effectiveness of a Worksite Wellness Program on Dietary Intake, Adiposity, Exercise Performance, Insulin Sensitivity, and Lipids in Overweight Women
Authors: Andrea V Carnie, Jonathan Lin, Amber B Courville, Diane Dellavalle, Gloria Zalos, Richard O Cannon
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction The prevalence of obesity is increasing, especially among black women. Wellness programs have been proposed to prevent obesity-associated disease. Success of worksite programs in achieving weight loss and improving obesity-associated metabolic complications for women is widely variable. Hypothesis A program emphasizing reduced fat and energy intake in addition to exercise at the worksite can improve health measures in overweight female NIH employees, especially when provided with regular nutritional counseling. Methods One hundred overweight (BMI 25 to 57 kg/m2) women (59% black) were provided web-based nutritional information, then randomized to regular meetings and weigh-ins with a dietitian (intervention) or control; all were instructed to increase pedometer counts by 5000 over baseline and given access to a private fitness room. Three day food records, body composition (DXA), lipids, glucose, insulin, and treadmill exercise capacity were measured at baseline and 6 month visits. Results At 6 months, subjects reported decreased daily energy intake (-21%), total fat intake (-24%), and percent calories from fat (-6%), all p&lt; 0.001. Significant reduction in weight, fat mass, and percent truncal fat was determined for all subjects, in addition to improvement in functional exercise capacity (Table). Subjects improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA), and showed reduction in cholesterol and triglyceride levels (Table). There were no significant differences between interventions vs. controls in outcome measures. Intervention subjects who attended &gt; 80% of nutrition classes (n= 17) tended to lose more weight (-3.8 ± 4.4 vs. -1.3 ± 3.0 kg, p=0.06) and fat mass (-2.7 ± 3.9 vs. -1 ± 2.8 kg, p= 0.07), than women who attended less regularly (n=38). Conclusion Overweight female employees provided with web-based nutritional information and worksite exercise resources significantly improved health measures. Consistent attendance at nutrition counseling sessions may facilitate achievement of weight and fat loss.
Silicone Mastitis in "Topless" Waitresses and Some Other Varieties of Foreign-body Mastitis
Authors: W. St. C. Symmers
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Three cases of disfiguring prosthetogenic mastitis are reported.In two of the cases repeated injections of silicone fluid were followed by extensive bilateral granulomatous mastitis. The axillary lymph nodes were enlarged in both cases: in one of them a node was examined histologically and showed a remarkable proliferation of vacuolated histiocytes in the sinuses and medulla. Both patients had worked in "topless restaurants" and had been obliged to seek artificial means to maintain the excessively large bust that was necessary in that environment.The third patient's mastitis followed implantation of polyethylene prostheses designed to be varied in bulk by injection or withdrawal of saline. A foreign-body reaction developed round the prostheses. In addition, a sinus developed in a needle track on one side; this was accompanied by a local fungal and bacterial infection (Rhizopus species and Pseudomonas pyocyanea respectively).The indications for introducing foreign materials into the breasts to augment their size have to be weighed against the potential dangers that such procedures bring. The biological effects of injected silicones, particularly their long-term effects, are very imperfectly known. Statements implying that these compounds are harmless when injected are not correct. Among the hazards are (a) local sclerosing granulomatous reactions with permanent scarring, (b) histiocytosis secondary to carriage of silicones from their site of inoculation to regional lymph nodes and possibly to other parts of the lymphoreticular system, and, perhaps, (c) carcinogenic activity.
IDIOPATHIC ATROPHY OF THE NAILS
Authors: PETER D. SAMMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article IDIOPATHIC ATROPHY OF THE NAILS Get access PETER D. SAMMAN PETER D. SAMMAN Westminster Hospital, London, S.W.1, and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital, Lisle Street, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 10, 1 October 1969, Pages 746–749, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb15934.x Published: 01 October 1969 Article history Accepted: 30 March 1969 Published: 01 October 1969
PRIMARY INTRATHORACIC NEW GROWTH: OBSERVATIONS ON FIFTY CASES EXAMINED BRONCHOSCOPICALLY
Authors: H. V. Morlock, A. J. S. Pinchin
Journal: BMJ (1933)

I have attempted to indicate the theoretical basis uponi which the treatment of irregular uterine haemorrhage rests.The evidence is very strong that a large propor- tion of cases are determined by a disturbance of ovarian function, although it is impossible to say whether the majority are primarily ovarian in origin.No claim s made that modem treatment is all that can be desiredc; indeed, the methods available are, generally speaking, very primitive.One is conscious of two main deficiencies: the first is a lack of a biochemical method to determine with precision the amount by which the circulating hormones depart from the normal; the second is the absence of standardized hormonos of high concentration.At the present day we are as yet only hovering at the fringe of a complete understanding of these ovarian abnormalities.In the future it is more than probable that organotherapy will be the method of choice in the treatment of all cases of this kind.
A systematic review and meta-analysis indicates underreporting of renal dysfunction following endovascular aneurysm repair
Authors: Alan Karthikesalingam, Sandeep S. Bahia, Shaneel R. Patel, Bilal Azhar, Dan Jackson, Lynne Cresswell, Robert J. Hinchliffe, Peter J.E. Holt, Matt M. Thompson
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Limitations of the Dirac formalism as a descriptive framework for cognition
Authors: Artem Kaznatcheev, Thomas R. Shultz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract We highlight methodological and theoretical limitations of the authors' Dirac formalism and suggest the von Neumann open systems approach as a resolution. The open systems framework is a generalization of classical probability and we hope it will allow cognitive scientists to extend quantum probability from perception, categorization, memory, decision making, and similarity judgments to phenomena in learning and development.
Compulsory Premarital Screening for HIV
Authors: Norman Swack
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —In an article that appeared in the Oct 2, 1987, issue ofJAMA, the authors concluded that premarital screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) would be ineffective and inefficient.1As part of this conclusion, it was estimated that this program would result in 350 false-positive reports per year. This article has been referred to by some scientists and legislators as evidence that the Western blot procedure can frequently produce false-positive results.  Part of the confusion in the interpretation of Western blot test results has been the absence of a uniform standard defining the specific test results that would constitute a positive result. This issue was addressed by members of the Second Consensus Conference on HIV Testing of the Association of State and Territorial Public Health Laboratory Directors,2who defined those bands that must be present for a positive result. Following these criteria, the data cited
Load-Dependent and -Independent Regulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine and Cytokine Receptor Gene Expression in the Adult Mammalian Heart
Authors: Georg Baumgarten, Pascal Knuefermann, Dinesh Kalra, Feng Gao, George E. Taffet, Lloyd Michael, Perry J. Blackshear, Ester Carballo, Natarajan Sivasubramanian, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Although previous studies have examined the effects of acute hemodynamic pressure overload on proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, the effects of sustained hemodynamic overloading have not been examined. Methods and Results — Sustained hemodynamic pressure overloading was produced in mice by transverse constriction of the aorta. Proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression were determined by ribonuclease protection assays (RPA) at 6 hours and at 3, 7, 14 and 35 days after banding. M-mode echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular structure and function at identical time points. RPA showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels were maximal at 6 hours and returned to baseline levels within 72 hours. There was a significant increase in IL-1RII and IL-6Rα receptor mRNA levels after overloading but no significant increase in TNFR1, TNFR2, IL-1RI, or gp130 mRNA levels. The transient increase in expression of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression was not explained by changes in left ventricular loading conditions, left ventricular wall stress, desensitization of proinflammatory genes, or decreased nuclear factor-κB activation. It is interesting that transverse constriction of the aorta provoked an increase in the expression of tristetraprolin, a homeostatic zinc finger protein that is known to destabilize TNF mRNA. Conclusion — Sustained hemodynamic overloading provokes a transient increase in proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression; however, the decrease in proinflammatory cytokine gene expression occurred in the absence of changes in loading conditions, suggesting that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the heart is regulated, at least in part, by load-dependent and load-independent mechanisms.
Corporate Treatment for the Ills of Academic Medicine
Authors: Alan M. Garber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

These are anxious times for academic medical centers, which have reacted to recent developments with measures that were beyond contemplation in a more optimistic past. Confronted by the challenges of managed care, decreases in reimbursement, restrictions on house-staff working hours, heightened scrutiny of clinical research, declining federal support for medical education, and the growth of formidable competitors such as hospital chains and medical practices specializing in high-margin services, academic medical centers can no longer be complacent about their financial health or their reputations as the best places to receive care. Many of these institutions have political clout and access to . . .
Persistent and Intense Activity in Multiple Loops of Small Bowel
Authors: RONALD J. ROSENBERG, JAMES D. SLAVIN, ISMAIL O. ENGIN, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Two cases are presented in which radiotracer, both intense and persistent, was seen in multiple loops of small intestine. The first was in a man who, several days after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, noted mild abdominal distress. Hepatobiliary imaging revealed a small bile leak. Many loops of small intestine were seen to contain the radiotracer. In the second case, a 71-year-old woman was febrile without an obvious cause. A radiogallium examination revealed loops of small intestine that persisted for several days. Blood cultures grew an Enterobacter. These cases likely represent entry of radiotracer into the small intestine and persistence because of impaired motility.
Metastatic Potential of 21T Human Breast Cancer Cells Depends on Akt/Protein Kinase B Activation
Authors: Meng Qiao, J. Dirk Iglehart, Arthur B. Pardee
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Most cancer lethality is caused by metastasis. To gain insight into the molecular basis of tumor progression to metastasis, we used the 21T series of human mammary epithelial cells obtained by successive biopsies from one breast cancer patient. The c-erbB2 gene is amplified and overexpressed in each of three 21T tumor lines. The erbB receptor tyrosine kinase–activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling cascade is crucial for the development and maintenance of epithelial cells, and dysregulation of this pathway is frequently associated with cellular transformation and cancer. For Akt to be fully activated, Ser473 on its COOH terminus needs to be phosphorylated. We detected more Ser473 Akt phosphorylation in MT cells, derived from a pleural effusion, compared with cells from the primary tumor. This phosphorylation has recently been shown to be catalyzed by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/rictor kinase. By using genetic and pharmacologic activators and inhibitors, we showed that Ser473 Akt phosphorylation is more sensitive to mTOR/rictor inhibition in metastatic tumor cells than normal mammary epithelial and primary tumor cells. The mTOR/rictor kinase activity was indispensable for both Ser473 Akt phosphorylation and migration of metastatic MT2 cells. In addition, a large decrease of protein phosphatase PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) was found, which could be responsible for the overexpression of Ser473 Akt in MT cells. Our data indicate that these breast cancer cells acquire new vulnerabilities, rictor and PHLPP, which might provide an Achilles' heel for therapeutic intervention of breast cancer metastasis. [Cancer Res 2007;67(11):5293–9]
Current Knowledge of Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Fred M. Davenport
Journal: JAMA (1962)

When potent vaccines of appropriate antigenic composition are used properly, an important degree of protection against epidemic influenza is assured. Knowledge accumulated concerning the toll exacted by epidemics of influenza recommends extension of coverage of the population by vaccination. That recommendation is especially pertinent this year, since it seems likely that a widespread epidemic of Asian influenza will occur in the United States during 1962-1963. Specific indications concerning dosage, route, schedules, and types of patients requiring first consideration are given.
N-and c-myc Oncogenes in Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: P. DIAS, P. KUMAR, H. B. MARSDEN, H. R. GATTAMANENI, S. KUMAR
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article N-and c-myc Oncogenes in Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma Get access P. DIAS, P. DIAS Clinical Laboratories Christie Hospital Radium InstituteManchester, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. KUMAR, P. KUMAR Clinical Laboratories Christie Hospital Radium InstituteManchester, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. B. MARSDEN, H. B. MARSDEN Clinical Laboratories Christie Hospital Radium InstituteManchester, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. R. GATTAMANENI, H. R. GATTAMANENI Clinical Laboratories Christie Hospital Radium InstituteManchester, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. KUMAR S. KUMAR * Clinical Laboratories Christie Hospital Radium InstituteManchester, England * Correspondence to: Shant Kumar, M.D., Paediatric Oncology Laboratory, Christie Hospital and Radium Institute, Clinical Research Laboratories, Wilmslow Rd., Withington, Manchester M20 9BX, England. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 2, 17 January 1990, Page 151, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.2.151 Published: 17 January 1990
POST-ABORTION PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS-A MYTH?
Authors: JEROME M. KUMMER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

No known attempts to document statistically the incidence of post-abortion psychiatric illness have been found in American medical literature, yet many writers describe and discuss this as fairly common after-effects of both therapeutic and criminal abortion. Preliminary findings of a multi-lateral investigation reveal that psychiatric sequelae of moderate to severe intensiky following abortion are very rare, markedly less than the incidence of psychiatric illness related to pregnancy and childbirth. This study involved surveying a small sample of American psychiatrists, attempting to gather data from statistical departments of govermental agencies, and surveying psychiatrists from other countries, particularly those where abortion is either liberally available or completely legal. Comparisions are made to the situation concerning physical after-effects of abortion, which recent studies have shown to have been much exaggerated. Enforcement of the taboo against abortion is considered the basis for the widespread myths in this area and resistance to factual documentation.
Surgical Care Improvement Project Adherence and Postoperative Infections
Authors: Martin A. Makary, Andrew M. Ibrahim
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urinary red-cell morphology during exercise.
Authors: R G Fassett, J E Owen, J Fairley, D F Birch, K F Fairley
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Midstream urine samples were examined by phase-contrast microscopy before and immediately after 48 subjects participated in a long-distance run. Minor abnormalities were found in six samples before exercise. Eighteen subjects developed proteinuria and five haematuria on dipstick testing after exercise. Forty-four subjects had increased urinary red-cell counts after exercise; of these, 33 had counts above the normal range (800/ml). In all subjects urinary red cells were dysmorphic both before and after exercise, indicating a glomerular source. Ten subjects developed red-cell casts and 42 showed an increase in hyaline and hyaline-granular casts after exercise. There were modest increases in urinary white-cell counts in 35 subjects but little change in urine pH or osmolality with exercise. This study confirms that urinary red-cell counts commonly increase appreciably after exercise. The dysmorphic appearance of the red cells together with the presence of red-cell casts indicates a glomerular source for this common form of exercise haematuria.
Immunologic manifestations of autophagy
Authors: Vojo Deretic, Tomonori Kimura, Graham Timmins, Pope Moseley, Santosh Chauhan, Michael Mandell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

The broad immunologic roles of autophagy span innate and adaptive immunity and are often manifested in inflammatory diseases. The immune effects of autophagy partially overlap with its roles in metabolism and cytoplasmic quality control but typically expand further afield to encompass unique immunologic adaptations. One of the best-appreciated manifestations of autophagy is protection against microbial invasion, but this is by no means limited to direct elimination of intracellular pathogens and includes a stratified array of nearly all principal immunologic processes. This Review summarizes the broad immunologic roles of autophagy. Furthermore, it uses the autophagic control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a paradigm to illustrate the breadth and complexity of the immune effects of autophagy.
Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient with Cerebro-costomandibular Syndrome
Authors: NATHAN FELDMAN, SYDNEY HEYMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome is a rare disorder whose genetic mode of inheritance, although not known with certainty, may be due to an autosomal dominant pattern. The Constellation of findings which comprise this syndrome result from dysmorphic growth during the neonatal and early infancy period and perhaps during intrauterine life. The characteristic abnormality (which requires x-ray evaluation to make the diagnosis) is the presence of segmental gaps in the posterior ribs between the costo-vertebral junction and the lateral margin of the rib cage. The gaps between segments of mature bone may contain cartilage and/or fibro-connective tissue. The rib abnormalities are bilateral, asymmetrical, and occur at variable thoracic levels. Other rib abnormalities may include hypoplastic, rudimentary, absent or fused ribs. Other features of the syndrome are abnormal brain morphology and function, micrognathia, cleft palate, and glossoptosis. Prognosis for survival is poor because of respiratory complications arising from the thoracic cage deformities.
Fatalities in the Peace Corps
Authors: Stephen W. Hargarten
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Fatalities among Peace Corps volunteers were analyzed for 1962 through 1983, with individual case histories reviewed for all deaths from 1977 through 1983. Unintentional injuries accounted for 70% of the 185 deaths of Peace Corps volunteers, with motor vehicle crashes the number 1 cause of death. The death rate from unintentional injuries for women was significantly higher than the comparable US rate. Motorcycles caused 12% of all Peace Corps deaths and 33% of all motor vehicle deaths. Suicide has emerged as a leading cause of death among volunteers, accounting for 13% of all deaths from 1981 through 1983. Greater emphasis on injury control measures is needed to reduce this toll.
Lymphatic Drainage From Peri-Umbiiical Skin to Internal Mammary Nodes
Authors: ROGER F. UREN, ROBERT B. HOWMAN-GILES, JOHN F. THOMPSON, HELEN M. SHAW, WILLIAM H. MCCARTHY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

While performing lymphoscintigraphy to define draining lymph node groups and sentinel nodes in patients with melanoma, the authors have discovered a new lymphatic channel in two patients with tumors in the peri-umbilical area. This channel passes over the right costal margin to an interval node before passing toward the midline, where it passes through the chest wall to reach the internal mammary lymph node chain. Appreciating the possible presence of this channel in patients with periumbilical lesions has important implications for the surgical management and follow-up of these patients.
Cyclicity in speech derived from call repetition rather than from intrinsic cyclicity of ingestion
Authors: R. J. Andrew
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The jaw movements of speech are most probably derived from jaw movements associated with vocalisation. Cyclicity does not argue strongly for derivation from a cyclic pattern, because it arises readily in any system with feedback control. The appearance of regular repetition as a part of ritualisation of a display may have been important.