tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pro- and Antiinflammatory Cytokine Signaling: Reciprocal Antagonism Regulates Interferon-gamma Production by Human Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Jianhua Yu, Min Wei, Brian Becknell, Rossana Trotta, Shujun Liu, Zachary Boyd, Michael S. Jaung, Bradley W. Blaser, Jin Sun, Don M. Benson, Hsiaoyin Mao, Akihiko Yokohama, Darshna Bhatt, Lei Shen, Ramana Davuluri, Michael Weinstein, Guido Marcucci, Michael A. Caligiuri
Journal: Immunity (2006)
Interim analysis of the streptokinase angioplasty myocardial infarction trial
Authors: William W. Q'Neill, Richard Weintraub, Elias Kassab, Micheile Strzelecki, Harold Z. Friedman, Arlene B. Levine, Robert N. Levin, Gerald C. Timmis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Provocation of neurocardiogenic syncope by clomipramine administration during the head-up tilt test in vasovagal syndrome
Authors: George N Theodorakis, Manolis Markianos, Elias Zarvalis, Efthimios G Livanis, Panagiota Flevari, Dimitrios Th Kremastinos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Abstract 2768: Single molecule approach detects significant mutation heterogeneity at the androgen receptor locus in prostate tumors
Authors: Nick Makridakis, Sudurika Mukhopadhyay, Desheng Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Studying the impact of genomic instability in cancer has been traditionally performed with PCR-based techniques. PCR-based methods may underestimate the total number of somatic mutations present in heterogeneous tumor genomes. Using standard PCR based methods we identified many missense somatic mutations of the DNA repair polymerase genes pol beta, pol eta and pol kappa in 30 prostate tumors. However, using a single molecule random cloning/sequencing method we uncovered a very high frequency of somatic alterations in prostate tumors: 0.52 somatic alterations per Kb of genomic DNA sequence (which corresponds to 1.8 million alterations per tumor cell genome). We then examined the somatic alteration frequency present in exon 2 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, an established “driver” gene in prostate tumor progression. Exon 2 of the AR gene includes part of the DNA binding domain of this trancription factor. We report a similarly high somatic alteration frequency (including 50 missense AR mutations) and extreme AR mutation heterogeneity in prostate cancer patients with Gleason scores 5-9. Each somatic mutation was present in 1-5% of the tumor clones. Thus most of these “driver” mutations are not detectable by direct sequencing of a PCR product. All four cysteine residues that comprise the first Zinc-finger (Zf1) of the AR DNA-binding domain (the only zinc finger present in exon 2) had missense mutations in these patients (including recurrent mutations). In fact, we found missense or stop codon mutations of almost all Zf1 residues in these tumors. Some of these mutations have been shown to confer higher oncogenic transformation potential and hormone promiscuity to the androgen receptor. These data provide a molecular basis for the understanding of both a) the impact of genomic instability and b) anti-androgen drug resistance during prostate cancer progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2768. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2768
The MLL recombinome of adult CD10-negative B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from the GMALL study group
Authors: Thomas Burmeister, Claus Meyer, Stefan Schwartz, Julia Hofmann, Mara Molkentin, Eric Kowarz, Björn Schneider, Thorsten Raff, Richard Reinhardt, Nicola Gökbuget, Dieter Hoelzer, Eckhard Thiel, Rolf Marschalek
Journal: Blood (2009)
Physical activity at leisure and risk of osteoarthritis.
Authors: N E Lane
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

A summary of the evidence linking exercise and osteoarthritis is given in the table. In summary, normal joints appear to tolerate prolonged vigorous low impact exercise without accelerated development of osteoarthritis. The risk of developing osteoarthritis appears to be increased in sporting activities that continually expose normal joints to high levels of impact or torsional loading and in individuals who continue sporting activities after they have injured supporting structures in the joint (like ligaments, tendons, and menisci). The hypothesis that high impact loads to joints over time will accelerate the development of osteoarthritis in exposed joints must now be examined in a longitudinal study.
Hemorrhagic bullous colitis as a primary manifestation of AL amyloidosis
Authors: X. Dray, X. Treton, F. Joly, A. Lavergne-Slove, Y. Uzunhan, A. Chiche, Y. Bouhnik
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 65-year-old woman reported a 3-month history of hypogastric pain, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss of 5 kg. Gastroscopy showed erosions in the proximal duodenum. Colonoscopy showed erosive and bullous hemorrhagic colitis located 20 - 35 cm from the anus (Figure [1]). Submucosal and vascular periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive deposits were seen all along the gastric and duodenal biopsy samples, best evidenced with Congo red stain with polarized light, which revealed the characteristic birefringence of amyloidosis (Figure [2]). Colonic biopsies showed acute ulcerations, but no amyloid submucosal or vascular deposits. No bacterial pathogenic agents or parasite was identified. Three weeks later, a rectosigmoidoscopy showed no improvement. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with multiple myeloma (monoclonal 22 g/l IgG k, dystrophic plasma cells, bone-marrow infiltration), with a pure nephrotic syndrome but no skeletal or cardiac involvement. Factor X was 61 %. It was concluded that she was suffering from ischemic colitis secondary to vascular AL amyloidosis, related to stage I multiple myeloma. After harvesting of peripheral blood stem cells, she received treatment with oral alkylating agents and corticosteroids. Hypogastric pain and bloody diarrhea had not reappeared at the time of the most recent follow-up examination.
[473] SEROLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS IN SPANISH BLOOD DONORS: EVIDENCE OF OCCULT HEPATITIS B
Authors: N. Casamitiana, R.M. Maymo, M. Piron, D. Candotti, J.P. Allain, J.M. Hernandez, LI. Puig, V. Vargas, S. Sauleda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Selective Interferon-Induced Enhancement of Tumor-Associated Antigens on a Spectrum of Freshly Isolated Human Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: F. Guadagni, J. Schlom, W. W. Johnston, C. A. Szpak, D. Goldstein, R. Smalley, J. F. Simpson, E. C. Borden, S. Pestka, J. W. Greiner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Freshly isolated cells from patients with pleural or peritoneal effusions cytologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma (n = 43), malignant nonepithelial neoplasms (n = 10), and benign (n = 8) were analyzed for expression of constitutive levels of the tumor antigens TAG-72 [recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3] and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (recognized by MAb COL-4) as well as the class I and class II major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens, and the ability of human interferons (Hu-IFNs) to enhance cell surface expression of those antigens as measured by MAb binding. Both type I and type II IFNs enhanced the expression of TAG-72 and CEA and altered the level of expression of the MHC antigens. Comparative studies of three different Hu-IFNs (IFN-alpha A, IFN-beta ser, and IFN-gamma) revealed that IFN-gamma was the most potent in augmenting either B72.3 or COL-4 binding. Unlike the IFN-gamma -mediated induction of the class II human leukocyte antigens, the change in tumor antigen expression consisted of enhanced constitutive antigen expression; de novo induction of either TAG-72 or CEA could not be achieved by either type I or type II IFN. Of 43 effusions isolated from different adenocarcinoma patients, 42 (97.7%) expressed either CEA or TAG-72, and treatment with Hu-IFN increased the level of expression of either antigen in 36 of 42 samples (85.7%). These studies demonstrate the augmentation of tumor-associated antigens on human carcinoma cells isolated from serous effusions by Hu-IFNs which may be used to enhance the targeting of conjugated MAbs to human carcinoma lesions.
A Misplaced Pulmonary Artery Catheter
Authors: Claire Pomeroy, Karl A. Nath
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1983A Misplaced Pulmonary Artery CatheterCLAIRE POMEROY, M.D., KARL A. NATH, M.B., CH.B.CLAIRE POMEROY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KARL A. NATH, M.B., CH.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-413_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the review on the use of the balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz) by Moser and Spragg(1). As the authors pointed out, this procedure may be associated with some risk. We report the inadvertent placement of the catheter in the descending aorta, resulting in the spurious diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension.A 51-year-old white man was hospitalized with chest pain associated with new ischemic changes in his electrocardiogram. The patient's medical history included insulin-dependent diabetes, hypertension, and exertional angina. Physical examination showed a diaphoretic man with a blood pressure of 190/100 mm Hg. There was...References1. MOSER K and SPRAGG A. Use of balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheter in pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:53-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ELLIOTT C, ZIMMERMAN G, and CLEMMEN T. Complications of pulmonary artery catheterization in the case of critically ill patients. Chest. 1979;76:647-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CLAIRE POMEROY, M.D.; KARL A. NATH, M.B., CH.B.Affiliations: University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInadvertent Swan-Ganz catheter placement in the left pericardiophrenic vein 1 March 1983Volume 98, Issue 3Page: 413-413KeywordsAnginaAortaBlood pressureCathetersElectrocardiographyHypertensionInsulinIschemiaPulmonary artery cathetersPulmonary hypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Online Posting of Unprofessional Content by Medical Students
Authors: Katherine C. Chretien
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Web 2.0 applications, such as social networking sites, are creating new challenges for medical professionalism. The scope of this problem in undergraduate medical education is not well-defined.To assess the experience of US medical schools with online posting of unprofessional content by students and existing medical school policies to address online posting.An anonymous electronic survey was sent to deans of student affairs, their representatives, or counterparts from each institution in the Association of American Medical Colleges. Data were collected in March and April 2009.Percentage of schools reporting incidents of students posting unprofessional content online, type of professionalism infraction, disciplinary actions taken, existence of institution policies, and plans for policy development.Sixty percent of US medical schools responded (78/130). Of these schools, 60% (47/78) reported incidents of students posting unprofessional online content. Violations of patient confidentiality were reported by 13% (6/46). Student use of profanity (52%; 22/42), frankly discriminatory language (48%; 19/40), depiction of intoxication (39%; 17/44), and sexually suggestive material (38%; 16/42) were commonly reported. Of 45 schools that reported an incident and responded to the question about disciplinary actions, 30 gave informal warning (67%) and 3 reported student dismissal (7%). Policies that cover student-posted online content were reported by 38% (28/73) of deans. Of schools without such policies, 11% (5/46) were actively developing new policies to cover online content. Deans reporting incidents were significantly more likely to report having such a policy (51% vs 18%; P = .006), believing these issues could be effectively addressed (91% vs 63%; P = .003), and having higher levels of concern (P = .02).Many responding schools had incidents of unprofessional student online postings, but they may not have adequate policy in place.
P2 Evaluation of Switching Therapy from Fixed-Dose Combination Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting Beta2agonist to Beclometasone Dipropionate/Formoterol (Fostair 100/6®)
Authors: T Harris, I Small, D Price, J Haughney, D Ryan, K Gruffydd-Jones, M Ali, S Musgrave, J Brockman, F Lavorini, A Papi
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Asthma therapy reviews aim to minimise side-effects and achieve cost-effective asthma control. We set out to examine the impact of switching from a fixed dose combination therapy inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2 agonist (FDC ICS/LABA) therapy via dry power inhaler (DPI) or metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol (BDP/FOR) via MDI at the same or reduced dose of ICS in stable patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We utilised the UK’s Optimum Patient Care Research Database to identify suitable primary care patients (aged 18–80 years) with asthma (diagnostic code and/or ≥2 asthma prescriptions in the last year) who were changed from FDC ICS/LABA to a prescription of BDP/FOR MDI at the same or lower BDP-equivalent ICS daily dose following a review of their existing ICS/LABA therapy. The number of exacerbations was measured as an outcome, with exacerbations defined as asthma related hospital, accident and emergency or out-of-hours attendance, GP consultations for lower respiratory tract infection and/or use of acute oral steroids (where asthma related includes all events with a lower respiratory Read code). All patients had 2 years of data: 1 year before and 1 year post therapy switch. <h3>Results</h3> Out of a total of 365 patients, 334 had complete data for the analysis. 80 of these received a lower dose of BDP/FOR while 254 received an equivalent dose. In the year immediately before their therapy review, 69.5% (n=232) of patients had no exacerbations, compared to 76.9% (n=257) of patients following the review (p=0.075 Wilcoxon signed ranks). Prior to review, 20.4% of patients had 1 exacerbation compared with 12.0% of patients after the change, while 10.2% of patients had &gt;1 exacerbation compared with 11.1% of patients following the review. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data suggest an increase in the number of patients not suffering from exacerbations and no deterioration in the number of exacerbations following the alteration in therapy. This indicates that BDP/FOR can be a valid therapy change in real-world patients on existing FDC ICS/LABA therapy.
The Role of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (c-ANCA) Testing in the Diagnosis of Wegener Granulomatosis: A Literature Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jaya K. Rao
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

To summarize the literature on the clinical utility of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) as a diagnostic marker for Wegener granulomatosis.A structured literature search was done using MEDLINE; this search, combined with a manual search, yielded 747 articles for potential inclusion. These articles passed through a 4-stage review. Studies were included if they had a specified reference standard and a systematic method of patient selection and if a 2 x 2 contingency table could be constructed from their results. Fifteen articles met these criteria.3 physicians reviewed all selected articles. Detailed data abstraction was done, and the quality of the study methods was assessed. Items abstracted included the method of patient selection, the study design, the reference standard, the c-ANCA testing technique, disease activity, and the test results. Disagreements among reviewers were resolved by consensus. Contingency tables were used to calculate the operating characteristics for Wegener granulomatosis overall and for active and inactive Wegener granulomatosis.The sensitivities of c-ANCA testing for overall Wegener granulomatosis ranged from 34% to 92%, and the specificities ranged from 88% to 100%. The pooled sensitivity was 66% (95% CI, 57% to 74%), and the pooled specificity was 98% (CI, 96% to 99.5%). Four articles provided data on disease activity. For active disease, the pooled sensitivity was 91% (CI, 87% to 95%), and the pooled specificity was 99% (CI, 97% to 99.9%). For inactive disease, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 63% and 99.5%, respectively.Although c-ANCA test results may serve clinicians as adjunct evidence for the diagnosis of Wegener granulomatosis, these results must be viewed in the context of the patient's clinical picture and disease activity and the prevalence of Wegener granulomatosis in the clinical setting in which the patient is seen.
Intracoronary versus intravenous nitroglycerin on the transmural distribution of coronary blood flow
Authors: G. J. GROSS, D. C. WARLTIER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

The effect of intracoronary versus intravenous administration of nitroglycerin (GTN) on the transmural distribution of coronary blood flow (epi/endo) was studied in an isolated canine heart preparation and intact dogs. The distribution of blood flow between epicardium and endocardium of the left ventricle was determined by use of radioactive microspheres (15 micrometer diameter). Intracoronary infusion of GTN in the isolated heart significantly increased epi/endo during a constant coronary blood flow, whereas no change in epi/endo was observed during a constant coronary perfusion pressure. When maximal coronary vasodilatation was produced by chromonar, the epi/endo increased significantly, however intracoronary GTN produced no further vasodilatation and did not improve epi/endo. In contrast, intravenous infusion of GTN in intact hearts significantly decreased epi/endo. These results suggest that intracoronary GTN does not enhance endocardial perfusion and may even produce a coronary steal, whereas intravenous GTN may improve endocardial perfusion via indirect haemodynamic actions.
Corticosteroids for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jari Halonen, Pirjo Halonen, Otso Järvinen, Panu Taskinen, Tommi Auvinen, Matti Tarkka, Mikko Hippeläinen, Tatu Juvonen, Juha Hartikainen, Tapio Hakala
Journal: JAMA (2007)

ContextAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia to occur after cardiac surgery. An exaggerated inflammatory response has been proposed to be one etiological factor.ObjectiveTo test whether intravenous corticosteroid administration after cardiac surgery prevents AF after cardiac surgery.Design, Setting, and PatientsA double-blind, randomized multicenter trial (study enrollment August 2005–June 2006) in 3 university hospitals in Finland of 241 consecutive patients without prior AF or flutter and scheduled to undergo first on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, aortic valve replacement, or combined CABG surgery and aortic valve replacement.InterventionPatients were randomized to receive either 100-mg hydrocortisone or matching placebo as follows: the first dose in the evening of the operative day, then 1 dose every 8 hours during the next 3 days. In addition, all patients received oral metoprolol (50-150 mg/d) titrated to heart rate.Main Outcome MeasureOccurrence of AF during the first 84 hours after cardiac surgery.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative AF was significantly lower in the hydrocortisone group (36/120 [30%]) than in the placebo group (58/121 [48%]; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-0.83; P = .004; number needed to treat, 5.6). Compared with placebo, patients receiving hydrocortisone did not have higher rates of superficial or deep wound infections, or other major complications.ConclusionIntravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery.Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00442494
Abstract 1074: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Characterization Of Inflammation And Vasa Vasoral Proliferation Caused By Mural Hemorrhage And Platelet Deposition
Authors: Sangchol Lee, Chad L Carr, Todd A Belcik, Aris Xie, Qi Yue, Yan Zhao, Weihui Shentu, Jiri Sklenar, Jonathan R Lindner
Journal: Circulation (2008)
The Examination of the Tissues of the Case of Sleeping Sickness in a European
Authors: G. C. Low, F. W. Mott
Journal: BMJ (1904)

Before referring to these later effects of trauma, mention may be made of an intermediate group of cases in which initial symptoms are absent or slight and grave symptoms come on a few days or weeks after the injury, having the character and course of a subacute myelitis.Thus Lohrisch3reports the case of a man, aged 58, who, after a-fall on his back, suffered for a fortnight from violent pains on attempting to move his legs.During the next fortnight the pains were less severe, but on the twenty-ninith day after the accident there quickly developed a complete motor and sensory paralysis of both legs together with paralysis of the bladder.At the necropsy a softened focus *as found i4 the dorsal region.Gowers,' too, mentions the case of a lady who was severely shaken in a railway collision, Immediately after the accident she seemed to have suffered no injury, but in a few days paraplegia developed, and from its consequences she died six weeks after the accident.Throughout the dorsal portion of the cord indications of a subacute myelitis were fouiqd, chiefly in the white columns.These cases bridge over the interval between the early severe changes, whether molecular or coarse, and later changes, more or less degenerative in character, which underlie the symptoms of locomotor' ataxia, disseminated sclerosis, chronic mvelitis, and other slowly progressive dis- eases of the cord.The symptoms of these'disorders may not appear until several months after an accident, and their dependence on morbid changes produced by concussion can only be inferred after the exclusion of other causes.On going over cases of spinal disease which have been under my care during the last fifteent years, the collection of hospital cases having been kindly summarized by a former house physician, Dr. Charles O'Neill, I find that a relation to trauma can be traced more frequently in disseminated sclerosis than in loeomotor ataxia.The following are two examples:CA VI, A woman, aged 30, previously 4.s1mthy, fell through a trap door into a cellar, a distance of 5 ft., and dropped on to a stone slab in a sitting posture.-A'fewdays later she complained of numbness on the left side of her faee and back.In about five months she began to have a difficulty in walking; this -increased, and spastic paraplegia slowly developed.This was followed by nystagnius and weakness of the arms.When seen at a later period the symptoms were unmistakably those of disseminated sclerosis. CASE VII.A men, aged 27, fell over a banister on to his back.He was uncon- sclous for four days.After a week he went to work, but could not stand properly.The weakness in the legs increased, and when examined two years after the accident he had well-marked signs of disseminated sclerosis.