tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Light Armour in Modern Warfare
Authors: C. W. Saleeby
Journal: BMJ (1940)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Researchers have shown that consumers perceive brands, as they do people, on the basis of two dimensions: warmth and competence. Hedonic brands therefore try to create a pleasant experience for the customer, highlighting the warmth dimension, whereas utilitarian brands emphasize the competence dimension. Research on the innuendo effect has shown that if a person is described positively in terms of only one dimension, people make negative inferences about the other dimension. The current study provides evidence that this effect also emerges in the advertising context—that is, when a brand is described only with one of the two dimensions.
Rapid Hemostasis with Topical Thrombin After Hemodialysis
Authors: NOSRATOLA DABIR VAZIRI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Brief Reports1 December 1978Rapid Hemostasis with Topical Thrombin After HemodialysisNOSRATOLA DABIR VAZIRI, M.D.NOSRATOLA DABIR VAZIRI, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-6-936 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptInternal Arteriovenous (AV) fistulae have gradually replaced external shunts for maintenance dialysis in recent years. The internal AV fistulae are generally superior to the external shunts. One of their few undesirable side effects, however, is prolonged bleeding from the puncture sites at the end of dialysis. This usually requires lengthy compression of bleeding sites, which is not only time consuming but also damaging to the vascular access.During the past 4 months I have conducted several double-blind studies to investigate the efficacy of topical thrombin in the control of bleeding from the puncture sites in dialysis patients. I present...References1. BURINGTON R: Handbook Of Mathematical Tables and Formulas, 4th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1965, p. 164 Google Scholar2. JASANI B, BAXTER-SMITH D, DONALDSON L, SELVAM A, and SOKHI G: Topical thrombin and control of wound haematoma. Lancet 2:332-333, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CRAIG C and ASHER M: Hemostasis in human iliac crest donor sites with microfibrillar collagen. Spine 2:313-317, 1977 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. COBDEN R, THRASHER E, and HARRIS W: Topical hemostatic agents to reduce bleeding from cancellous bone. A comparison of microcrystalline collagen, thrombin, and thrombin-soaked gelatin foam. J Bone Joint Surg [AM] 58:70-73, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NOSRATOLA DABIR VAZIRI, M.D.Affiliations: University of California Irvine Medical Center Orange, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byApplication Of Energy-based Technologies And Topical Hemostatic Agents In The Management Of Surgical HemostasisAbsorbable hemostatic agents 1 December 1978Volume 89, Issue 6Page: 936-937KeywordsHemorrhageHemostasisMedical dialysisThrombin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Majid A. Almadi, Alan Barkun, James Brophy
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract is a common medical problem, with an incidence of 48 to 160 cases per 1000 adults per year and a mortality rate of 5% to 14%. The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding is increased with the use of antiplatelet medications including aspirin and clopidogrel, as well as warfarin or a combination of these medications. The recurrence rate for bleeding in patients who continue to take aspirin after an episode of peptic ulcer disease-related bleeding can reach up to 300 cases per 1000 person-years and varies by age, sex, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Using the case of Ms S, an 86-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with an episode of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding, we address the management of patients who are receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy who present with gastrointestinal bleeding, including when to restart antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy, interventions to reduce the risk of bleeding recurrence, and the potential for drug interactions between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors.
The Continuous Heart Rate in Men Exhibiting an Overt Behavior Pattern Associated with Increased Incidence of Clinical Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: MEYER FRIEDMAN, RAY H. ROSENMAN, ALVIN E. BROWN
Journal: Circulation (1963)

The continuous heart rates of a group of subjects exhibiting behavior pattern A (associated with a high incidence of clinical coronary heart disease) were obtained by means of a specially designed instrument at various times of the total day and compared with that obtained from subjects exhibiting a converse pattern (behavior pattern B). In addition, the heart rates of patients suffering from functional cardiovascular disease and from clinical coronary heart disease were measured throughout the day. The average daily heart rates appeared to be about the same in subjects with pattern A and in subjects with pattern B. Moreover, their average heart rates were approximately the same as those in patients with functional cardiovascular disease. Patients suffering from coronary heart disease with or without a previous infarction, if essentially asymptomatic, showed about the same average daily heart rate as did the subjects of the other groups. However, the patients who had suffered from a previous infarction and who were experiencing symptoms exhibited a faster heart rate.
THE PATHOLOGY AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF HEMORRHOIDS, ANAL FISTULA, AND ANAL FISSURE.Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of che American Medical Association held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: DAVID POWELL
Journal: JAMA (1894)

HEMORRHOIDS. Although anatomically divided into external and internal, and presenting some pathologic features peculiar to their situation, hemorrhoidal tumors are essentially similar in structure, whether located in the rectum within the sphincter muscles, or about the margin of the anus. Pathologically considered they are identical, and composed primarily of the same morbid elements—enlargement or varicosis of the venous hemorrhoidal plexuses, and infiltrated connective tissue. Within the dense areolar membrane which enters into the structure of the lower part of the rectum and verge of the anus, is a network of tortuous veins, the inferior or external, and the superior or internal hemorrhoidal plexuses. From the former, the blood finds its way into the general venous circulation through the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins which communicate with the internal iliacs; from the latter, through the superior hemorrhoidal vein into the portal system. The absence of valves in the hemorrhoidal veins; the
Functional toxicology: a new approach to detect biologically active xenobiotics.
Authors: J A McLachlan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The pervasiveness of chemicals in the environment with estrogenic activity and other biological functions recommends the development of new approaches to monitor and study them. Chemicals can be screened for activity in vitro using a panel of human or animal cells that have been transfected with a specific receptor and reporter gene; for example, the estrogen receptor. By using a variety of different receptors, the screening of xenobiotics for biological functions can be broad. Chemicals could then be classified by their function in vitro which, in some cases, may be a useful guide for toxicological studies.
Aqueous malathion 0.5% as a scabicide: clinical trial.
Authors: I Burgess, R J Robinson, J Robinson, J W Maunder, Z Hassan
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Un essai fait dans un orphelinat et dans 2 ecoles au Bangladesh montre l'efficacite d'une solution aqueuse de malathion a 0,5% dans le traitement de la gale. Avantage par rapport a d'autres produits: une seule application est souvent efficace
Disease transmission models for public health decision making: toward an approach for designing intervention strategies for Schistosomiasis japonica.
Authors: Robert C Spear, Alan Hubbard, Song Liang, Edmund Seto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Mathematical models of disease transmission processes can serve as platforms for integration of diverse data, including site-specific information, for the purpose of designing strategies for minimizing transmission. A model describing the transmission of schistosomiasis is adapted to incorporate field data typically developed in disease control efforts in the mountainous regions of Sichuan Province in China, with the object of exploring the feasibility of model-based control strategies. The model is studied using computer simulation methods. Mechanistically based models of this sort typically have a large number of parameters that pose challenges in reducing parametric uncertainty to levels that will produce predictions sufficiently precise to discriminate among competing control options. We describe here an approach to parameter estimation that uses a recently developed statistical procedure called Bayesian melding to sequentially reduce parametric uncertainty as field data are accumulated over several seasons. Preliminary results of applying the approach to a historical data set in southwestern Sichuan are promising. Moreover, technologic advances using the global positioning system, remote sensing, and geographic information systems promise cost-effective improvements in the nature and quality of field data. This, in turn, suggests that the utility of the modeling approach will increase over time.
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Charles Intenzo, Serge Jabbour, Jeffrey L. Miller, Intekhab Ahmed, Kevin Furlong, Medina Kushen, Sung M. Kim, David M. Capuzzi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined as normal serum free thyroxine and a free triiodothyronine level, with a thyroid-stimulating hormone level suppressed below the normal range and is usually undetectable. Although patients with this diagnosis have no or few signs and symptoms of overt thyrotoxicosis, there is sufficient evidence that it is associated with a relatively higher risk of supraventricular arrhythmias as well as the acceleration or the development of osteoporosis. Consequently, the approach to the patient with subclinical hyperthyroidism is controversial, that is, therapeutic intervention versus watchful waiting. Regardless, it is imperative for the referring physician to identify the causative thyroid disorder. This is optimally accomplished by a functional study, namely scintigraphy. Recognition of the scan findings of the various causes of subclinical hyperthyroidism enables the imaging specialist to help in diagnosing the underlying condition causing thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression thereby facilitating the workup and management of this thyroid disorder.
TNFα facilitates clonal expansion of JAK2V617F positive cells in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Angela G. Fleischman, Karl J. Aichberger, Samuel B. Luty, Thomas G. Bumm, Curtis L. Petersen, Shirin Doratotaj, Kavin B. Vasudevan, Dorian H. LaTocha, Fei Yang, Richard D. Press, Marc M. Loriaux, Heike L. Pahl, Richard T. Silver, Anupriya Agarwal, Thomas O'Hare, Brian J. Druker, Grover C. Bagby, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Blood (2011)
Central role for type I interferons and Tyk2 in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxin shock
Authors: Marina Karaghiosoff, Ralf Steinborn, Pavel Kovarik, Gernot Kriegshäuser, Manuela Baccarini, Birgit Donabauer, Ursula Reichart, Thomas Kolbe, Christian Bogdan, Tomas Leanderson, David Levy, Thomas Decker, Mathias Müller
Journal: Nature Immunology (2003)
THE EXPRESSION OF HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS ON CELLULAR AND SUBCELLULAR MEMBRANES
Authors: Ronald Herberman, Chandler A. Stetson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

The mouse isoantigens determined at the major histocompatibility locus known as H-2 have been found to be closely associated with the cellular surface membranes, with the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, and probably with those of the lysosomes as well. Mitochondrial membranes, on the other hand, show little or no H-2 antigen activity. Membrane material prepared from certain tissues, including brain and muscle, have no detectable H-2 antigenic activity. Evidence is presented which indicates that all of the H-2 antigens of the genome are expressed as a unit, supporting the hypothesis that the complex H-2 genetic locus consists of a single cistron. It is postulated that these histocompatibility antigens form some structural or functional unit in the membranes of cells.
Stress, anxiety, and depression in hospital consultants, general practitioners, and senior health service managers
Authors: R P Caplan
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To study stress, anxiety, and depression in a group of senior health service staff.Postal survey.81 hospital consultants, 322 general practitioners, and 121 senior hospital managers (total 524).Scores on the general health questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression scale.Sixty five (80%) consultants, 257 (80%) general practitioners, and 67 (56%) managers replied. Of all 389 subjects, 183 (47%) scored positively on the general health questionnaire, indicating high levels of stress. From scores on the hospital anxiety and depression scale only 178 (46%) would be regarded as free from anxiety, with 100 (25%) scoring as borderline cases and 111 (29%) likely to be experiencing clinically measurable symptoms. The findings for depression were also of some concern, especially for general practitioners, with 69 (27%) scoring as borderline or likely to be depressed. General practitioners were more likely to be depressed than managers (69 (27%) v 4 (6%) scored > or = 8 on hospital anxiety and depression scale-D; P = 0.004) with no significant difference between general practitioners and consultants. General practitioners were significantly more likely to show suicidal thinking than were consultants (36 (14%) v 3 (5%); P = 0.04) but not managers (9 (13%)). No significant difference could be found between the three groups on any other measure.The levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in senior doctors and managers in the NHS seem to be high and perhaps higher than expected.
Reproducibility of Histopathological Diagnosis in Poorly Differentiated NSCLC: An International Multiobserver Study
Authors: Erik Thunnissen, Masayuki Noguchi, Seena Aisner, Mary Beth Beasley, Elisabeth Brambilla, Lucian R. Chirieac, Jin-Haeng Chung, Sanja Dacic, Kim R. Geisinger, Fred R. Hirsch, Yuichi Ishikawa, Keith M. Kerr, Sylvie Lantejoul, Yoshiro Matsuno, Yuko Minami, Andre L. Moreira, Giuseppe Pelosi, Iver Petersen, Victor Roggli, William D. Travis, Ignacio Wistuba, Yasushi Yatabe, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Birgit Witte, Ming-Sound Tsao, Andrew G. Nicholson
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Depressive Symptoms Lead to Impaired Cellular Immune Response
Authors: Cristina Fortes, Sara Farchi, Francesco Forastiere, Nera Agabiti, Roberta Pacifici, Piergiorgio Zuccaro, Carlo A. Perucci, Shah Ebrahim
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2003)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The association between depression and immune response is not yet clear. The biological mechanisms by which depression alters the immune system is not yet understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between depressive symptoms and cellular immune response. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; A cohort study with a baseline measurement and three annual health assessments was set up in a residential home for elderly people in Rome, Italy. A total of 166 residents aged 65 years and older, mean age 81 years, were interviewed and blood samples were collected at each annual assessment. Percentage changes in lymphocytes and T-cell subsets related to depressive symptoms were estimated over a period of 4 years, using regression models for repeated measurements. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Elderly people with seven or more symptoms of depression, according to the Geriatric Depression Scale, had a lower percentage of CD4+DR+ T-cells over 4 years [β = –20.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) = –33.0 to –4.9] and CD8+DR+ T-cells (β = –26.9; 95% CI = –42.5 to –7.0) than elderly with less than seven symptoms of depression, after adjusting for confounding factors (sex, age, marital status, education, smoking habit, nutritional status, chronic diseases, disability and the use of benzodiazepines). &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; The results of this study suggest an adverse effect of depressive symptoms on immune response. It remains to be determined whether these depression-associated immune changes are related to the onset or course of physical illness and the increased mortality observed in depressed old people.
Patients will be involved in assessing CCGs, NHS England decides
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed some of the underlying inequities in our society. Vulnerable and low-income communities who have typically struggled with food insecurity have been further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. To make matters worse, transit dependent households in the City of Detroit that rely on SNAP benefits from the government have a 54% probability of not having internet access, reducing the possibility of online food delivery. Thus, the motivation for the Detroit Food Delivery Pilot Program, a prepared meal delivery service for food insecure households during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this program, the City had aided 350 households; over 1,000 unique individuals and has served over 90,000 meals. This had all been made possible through the engagement of 575 volunteers, volunteering over 6,850 delivery miles. Our team helped to identify the magnitude and the needs of the City's food insecure population; then partnered with the City of Detroit to modify existing food programs to address the crisis, and finally, assessed the impact of the program on the target population. Our analysis revealed that approximately 20,800 households will be classified as food insecure in Detroit and only a fraction of this population is benefitting from the food delivery pilot program. However, on average, the concerns about food sufficiency have abated appreciably from the surveys analyzed. Responses from the beneficiaries of the food delivery pilot program were positive though concerns about the travel behavior of individuals, particularly those from COVID-19 positive households remain.
AUTOANTIBODIES IN HUMAN ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Ove Broberger, Peter Perlmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

Sera from 30 children, suffering from ulcerative colitis, were examined for the presence of antibodies capable of reacting with antigens of normal human tissue. It was possible to demonstrate that most of the sera contained a precipitating and hemagglutinating factor, reacting with a constituent of human colonic tissue. This constituent was obtained, within 1 hour after death, from colonic tissue of newborn babies who had died without feeding. It could also be prepared from fetal tissue. The antigen can be extracted with phenol-water at 65 degrees C. and seems to be a polysaccharide. The precipitating factor in the sera of the patients behaves electrophoretically as a gamma-globulin. Phenol-water extracts from liver and from kidney also reacted positively with the sera from certain patients. There are indications which suggest that the antigen obtained from these tissues is identical with that from colon. Sera from 38 healthy children did not give any reactions with the extracts used. In additional controls, the sera of 32 children with various diseases, all of suspected autoimmune origin, were also tested. A few of these reacted positively with the phenol-water extracts from the organs mentioned above. Most likely, the antigen reacting in these cases is different from that reacting with the antibodies in the sera from patients with ulcerative colitis. The possible role of the antibodies in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and the mechanism of their formation are discussed.
Differential Effects of Two Isoenergetic Meals Rich in Saturated or Monounsaturated Fat on Endothelial Function in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nicholas Tentolouris, Christina Arapostathi, Despoina Perrea, Despoina Kyriaki, Constantinos Revenas, Nicholas Katsilambros
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

OBJECTIVE—To examine the acute effects of consumption of monounsaturated (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SAFAs) on endothelial function in subjects with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 33 participants were examined after consumption of two different isocaloric meals: one rich in MUFA and one rich in SAFA, in the form of extra-virgin olive oil and butter, respectively. Endothelial function was assessed by determination of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). RESULTS—FMD did not change significantly after the MUFA-rich meal but declined after the SAFA-rich meal. The FMD during the experiment, expressed as incremental area under the curve, increased after the MUFA-rich meal by 5.2 ± 2.5% and decreased after the SAFA-rich meal by 16.7 ± 6.0% (Δ = −11.5 ± 6.4%; P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS—Consumption of an SAFA-rich meal is harmful for the endothelium, while a MUFA-rich meal does not impair endothelial function in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Relapse of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis After Conventional Acyclovir Therapy
Authors: Kevan E. VanLandingham
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Acyclovir sodium is the drug of choice for the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis. We treated an immunocompetent patient with a ten-day course of intravenous acyclovir sodium at the recommended dosage of 10 mg/kg every eight hours for clinically apparent herpes simplex encephalitis. After marked improvement, his condition deteriorated four days after completing acyclovir therapy. A subsequent brain biopsy specimen disclosed acyclovir-sensitive herpes simplex virus type 1. A longer duration of acyclovir therapy (14 to 21 days) should be considered for treating herpes simplex encephalitis.
Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease
Authors: Jay D. Wenger
Journal: JAMA (1999)

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