tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity by monoclonal antibody. Effects on cholesteryl ester formation and neutral lipid mass transfer in human plasma.
Authors: F T Yen, R J Deckelbaum, C J Mann, Y L Marcel, R W Milne, A R Tall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

We have employed a neutralizing monoclonal antibody, prepared against the Mr 74,000 cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), to investigate the regulation of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity by cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer, and also to determine which lipoproteins are substrates for LCAT in human plasma. The incubation of normolipidemic plasma led to transfer of CE from HDL to VLDL, and of triglycerides from VLDL to LDL and HDL. This net mass transfer of neutral lipids between the lipoproteins was eliminated by the monoclonal antibody. However, CE transfer inhibition had no effect on the rate of plasma cholesterol esterification in plasma incubated from 10 min to 24 h at 37 degrees C. In the absence of CE transfer, HDL and LDL exhibited cholesterol esterification activity, whereas VLDL did not. The rate of CE formation in HDL was three to four times greater than in LDL during the first hour of incubation, but CE formation in HDL decreased after 6-8 h, while that in LDL continued. Thus, (a) the Mr 74,000 CETP is responsible for all neutral lipid mass transfer in incubated human plasma, (b) the rate of CE formation in plasma is not regulated by CE transfer from HDL to other lipoproteins, and (c) HDL is the major initial substrate for LCAT; LDL assumes a more significant role only after prolonged incubation of plasma.
Similar Outcomes of Surgical and Medical Treatment of Intra-abdominal Abscesses in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Douglas L. Nguyen, William J. Sandborn, Edward V. Loftus, David W. Larson, Joel G. Fletcher, Brenda Becker, Jay Mandrekar, William S. Harmsen, David H. Bruining
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2011)
HAS THE USE OF AD HOC PCI BEEN INFORMED BY SYNTAX
Authors: David J. Malenka, Harold Dauerman, Alan Wiseman, Richard Boss, David Goldberg, William Phillips, Thomas Ryan, Mirle Kellett, Matthew Watkins, John Robb, John Jayne, Patrick Magnus, David Zlotnick, Chad Bohn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF BRIGHT'S DISEASES
Authors: THOMAS ADDIS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

One hundred years ago, Richard Bright1distinguished a small number of patients from all the others at Guy's Hospital by his discovery that their urine contained notable concentrations of protein. In this group he observed a significantly high incidence of edema and cardiac enlargement, but in general the symptomatology was quite variable and, with the exception of what is still too loosely called albuminuria, no clinical constant was found. But continuing to watch his albuminuric patients, he discovered, after their death, one other invariable feature. He established the fact that in every case gross structural abnormalities existed in the kidneys and that, although the renal lesions varied in outward appearance, they all alike were nonsuppurative and bilateral.  Today we still begin where Bright began with the observation that the urine contains protein, and we end where he ended with the study of the structural abnormalities in the kidneys and
Clinical Assessment and Management of Patients With Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators Presenting to Nonelectrophysiologists
Authors: William G. Stevenson, Bernard R. Chaitman, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Andrew E. Epstein, Wendy L. Gross, David L. Hayes, S. Adam Strickberger, Michael O. Sweeney
Journal: Circulation (2004)

All physicians increasingly will encounter patients who have implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for protection from ventricular arrhythmias. This advisory provides a concise summary relevant to the assessment and management of patients with ICDs, including those who present to primary care or emergency department physicians with symptoms suggesting arrhythmia or ICD malfunction and those who require cardiac or surgical procedures.
Effects of prolonged infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide on the hemodynamics, hormones and renal blood flow in congestive heart failure
Authors: Chandrashekhar Y, Inder S Anand, Raghav P Sarma, Roberto Ferrari, Purshotam L Wahi, Denis O'Shaughnessy, Philip A. Poole-Wilson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
THE IMMUNOGENICITY OF HUMAN HL-A HAPLOTYPES AS MEASURED BY SKIN GRAFT SURVIVAL TIMES AND MIXED LEUKOCYTE REACTIONS
Authors: H. F. Seigler, F. E. Ward, D. B. Amos, M. B. Phaup, D. L. Stickel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

The immunogenicity of the haplotypes in 30 families was measured by survival of skin grafts between selected paired family members. These families were genotyped for HL-A using 57 selected cytotoxic alloantisera defining HL-A 1–12 as well as other nondefined specificities. Mixed leukocyte reactions were also studied in this series and the correlations between the mixed leukocyte reactions with skin graft survival times, individual HL-A specificities, and the number of incompatible HL-A alleles are reported. Comments concerning the interpretation and quantitation of the mixed leukocyte reactions are discussed.
Monitoring the Impact of Cocaine
Authors: Charles R. Schuster
Journal: JAMA (1991)

POLLOCK and coauthors<sup>1</sup>describe apparent discrepancies in two surveillance systems—the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN), a survey of medical examiners and coroners, and the national vital statistics system—that monitor cocaine-related deaths. Over the years studied, both data systems did an excellent job of recording the dramatic increases in cocaine-related mortality. During the study period, the national vital statistics system reported a fivefold increase in cocaine-related deaths and DAWN reported a sixfold increase. Agreement in trends between these two major data systems confirms increasing cocaine-related mortality during this period of dramatic changes in cocaine use.
China steps up battle against AIDS
Authors: R. Tomlinson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

China's southwest province of Yunnan, which trades with Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam, has the worst HIV infection rate and AIDS rate in China. About 2000 of China's 2500 officially recognized AIDS cases are from Yunnan province. Transmission is augmented by the high rates of heroin addiction and drug trafficking and prostitution. Trade links with the drug producing countries of Southeast Asia reinforce drug sales and use. The province announced plans for investing about $58 million in a "disease prevention belt" along the border with Vietnam, Laos, and Burma. The aim is to reduce the prevalence of AIDS and childhood infectious diseases. The system will include 6 frontier posts, 8 border prefectures, and 26 border countries. The "China Daily" reported that methods of transmission were from sharing dirty needles, transfers between mother and child, and through sexual contact. Since smugglers operate clandestinely in the mountainous border regions, it is unclear how effective control will be. This approach is based on the traditional view that AIDS is a foreigners disease that must be kept out. A more modern approach would accept that it is domestic issue that can be dealt with through education and greater public awareness. HIV testing of visiting foreigners or Chinese returning from abroad is still practiced. The European Union is contributing to the funding of 2 national and 25 provincial training centers on the control of HIV, AIDS, and other sexually transmitted diseases.
Interaction of Molecular Markers and Physical Activity on Mortality in Patients with Colon Cancer
Authors: Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Shuji Ogino, Gregory J. Kirkner, Andrew T. Chan, Brian Wolpin, Kimmie Ng, Katsuhiko Nosho, Kaori Shima, Edward L. Giovannucci, Massimo Loda, Charles S. Fuchs
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Physical activity in colon cancer survivors has been associated with lower cancer recurrences and improved survival. Whether molecular features of the tumor portend more or less likelihood for benefit from exercise is unknown.Using two large prospective cohort studies with physical activity assessments after colon cancer diagnosis, we examined expression of fatty acid synthase, p53, p21, and p27 and mutational status of K-ras and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3KCA). We calculated hazard ratios (HR) of colon cancer-specific mortality, adjusted for tumor and patient characteristics, and tested for molecular interactions with exercise.In a cohort of 484 men and women with stage I to III colon cancer, patients who engaged in at least 18 metabolic equivalent task (MET)-hours per week after diagnosis had an adjusted HR for colon cancer-specific mortality of 0.64 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.33-1.23] and for overall mortality of 0.60 (95% CI, 0.41-0.86). A statistically significant interaction was detected based on p27 expression (P = 0.03). For tumors with loss of p27 (n = 195), physical activity of > or =18 MET-hours/week led to a HR for colon cancer mortality of 1.40 (95% CI, 0.41-4.72), compared with those with <18 MET-hours/week. However, for tumors with expression of p27 (n = 251), the adjusted HR was 0.33 (95% CI, 0.12-0.85). Molecular status of fatty acid synthase, K-ras, p53, p21, and PI3KCA did not influence the association between exercise and colon cancer-specific or overall mortality.The benefit of physical activity on outcomes in patients with stage I to III colon cancer may be influenced by p27 status. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Multilevel Care-Reply
Authors: John Mulhearn
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I agree entirely with Dr Portnoi that many patients currently in hospital levels of care could be served better by placement in nonhospital (extended) care levels. This is a premise central to the development of the VA's Multilevel Care System, in which its hospital and nonhospital (extended) levels of care—including skilled and intermediate nursing homes, hospital-based home care programs, personal care home programs, and domiciliaries—are linked, through carefully defined placement criteria and procedures, in a way that facilitates patient flow in both directions. Such close linkage is dictated by the needs of an aging population, which not only will require more extended care services but also will experience more acute care episodes—a fact not always appreciated by health care planners. One point of clarification: the VA's criteria for placing patients in the five hospital levels of care were not fully enumerated inThe Journalarticle, which mentioned, for
PARENTERAL MAGNESIUM IN THE PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF DELIRIUM TREMENS
Authors: ERNEST BEROZ, PETER CONRAN, ROBERT W. BLANCHARD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

In chronic alcoholics, parenteral magnesium sulfate is of value in the treatment of severe acute brain syndrome attributable to alcohol. Its value is particularly apparent in preventing the development of delirium tremens in those patients who were not hallucinating when admitted.
LUMINAL IN MIGRAINE
Authors: W. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1922)

LUMINAL IN MIGRAINE, [TI o Kuile, if applied to a series of impulses, really amount to sympathetic resonance.In the paper referred tol Mr.Wilkinson describes the construction and properties of a niodel made with careful adherence to the proportions and nature of the cochlear muechlanism.It is by far the most important recent contribution to the knowledge of tlle problem.Very little attention had previously been given to the experimiiental investigation of the physics of resonant vibrators immersed iu liquid.Professor McKendrick had shown that a series of mnetallic reeds immersed in water was capable of sympatlhetic resonance, but the system was apparently thouglht too far removed from the actual structure of the basilar membrane to tlhrow very much liglht on the belhaviour of the latter.Mr.Wilkinson's model is a great advance.It was shown to the Plhysiological Society in December, 1921, and to the British Association in September, 1922.Details of the mode of con- struction, in which various difficulties were'successfully over- come, must be read in the paper.The mechanician of Pro- fessor Leathes's laboratory, Mr. C. E. Stewart, is to be con- gratulated on the result.It consists essentially of a series of
BMA appoints new chief executive and publishing group chairman
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A City banker is taking over as chief executive of the BMA from January 2005 in one of two new appointments described as “highly significant” by the BMA's chairman, Mr James Johnson.

Announcing the appointment of Tony Bourne as the new secretary and chief executive, Mr Johnson said the BMA was determined to build on its position as the foremost membership association for doctors in the United Kingdom.

Mr Bourne, aged 50, currently works as a managing director of Hawkpoint, an independent corporate advisory firm, which he helped to found. The company was formed in 1999, after a management buyout from NatWest and the Royal Bank of Scotland.

He had previously held posts at the Parabas bank as global head of equity and was a member of the bank's managing board. Before that he worked for the investment banking group Merrill Lynch.

He replaces lawyer Jeremy Strachan, who is retiring at the end of the year after …
Outbreak of Typhoid Fever in Previously Immunized Persons Traced to a Common Carrier
Authors: Walton M. Edwards, Richard I. Crone, John F. Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

ON July 31, 1958, the Preventive Medicine Section of the Western Area Command, United States Army in Germany, was notified that 4 children were in armed-forces hospitals with fevers of undetermined etiology. These children had been campers at an American Youth Activities Camp in the Rhein/Pfalz area of West Germany between July 8 and 17, 1958. These patients were not responding to therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics. On August 1 a survey of two United States Army hospitals in the Rhein/Pfalz area revealed the presence of dependents of military personnel recently hospitalized for febrile illnesses of obscure origin. Diagnostic tests, which . . .
Clonal diversity of recurrently mutated genes in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: M J Walter, D Shen, J Shao, L Ding, B S White, C Kandoth, C A Miller, B Niu, M D McLellan, N D Dees, R Fulton, K Elliot, S Heath, M Grillot, P Westervelt, D C Link, J F DiPersio, E Mardis, T J Ley, R K Wilson, T A Graubert
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Causality assessment methods in drug induced liver injury: Strengths and weaknesses
Authors: Miren García-Cortés, Camilla Stephens, M. Isabel Lucena, Alejandra Fernández-Castañer, Raúl J. Andrade
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a challenge and eagerly awaits the development of reliable hepatotoxicity biomarkers. Several methods have been developed in order to facilitate hepatotoxicity causality assessments. These methods can be divided into three categories: (1) expert judgement, (2) probabilistic approaches, and (3) algorithms or scales. The last category is further divided into general and liver-specific scales. The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) scale, also referred to as the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM), although cumbersome and difficult to apply by physicians not acquainted with DILI, is used by many expert hepatologists, researchers, and regulatory authorities to assess the probability of suspected causal agents. However, several limitations of this scale have been brought to light, indicating that a number of adjustments are needed. This review is a detailed timely criticism to alert the readers of the limitations and give insight into what would be needed to improve the scale. Instructions on how to approach DILI diagnosis in practice are provided, using CIOMS as an aid to emphasize the topics to be addressed when assessing DILI cases. Amendments of the CIOMS scale in the form of applying authoritative evidence-based criteria, a simplified scoring system and appropriate weighting given to individual parameters based on statistical evaluations with large databases will provide wider applicability in the clinical setting.
Oxysterol-binding protein-1 (OSBP1) modulates processing and trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein
Authors: Celina V Zerbinatti, Joanna M Cordy, Ci-Di Chen, Maria Guillily, Sokreine Suon, William J Ray, Guy R Seabrook, Carmela R Abraham, Benjamin Wolozin
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2008)

Evidence from biochemical, epidemiological and genetic findings indicates that cholesterol levels are linked to amyloid-beta (Abeta) production and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxysterols, which are cholesterol-derived ligands of the liver X receptors (LXRs) and oxysterol binding proteins, strongly regulate the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Although LXRs have been studied extensively, little is known about the biology of oxysterol binding proteins. Oxysterol-binding protein 1 (OSBP1) is a member of a family of sterol-binding proteins with roles in lipid metabolism, regulation of secretory vesicle generation and signal transduction, and it is thought that these proteins may act as sterol sensors to control a variety of sterol-dependent cellular processes.We investigated whether OSBP1 was involved in regulating APP processing and found that overexpression of OSBP1 downregulated the amyloidogenic processing of APP, while OSBP1 knockdown had the opposite effect. In addition, we found that OSBP1 altered the trafficking of APP-Notch2 dimers by causing their accumulation in the Golgi, an effect that could be reversed by treating cells with OSBP1 ligand, 25-hydroxycholesterol.These results suggest that OSBP1 could play a role in linking cholesterol metabolism with intracellular APP trafficking and Abeta production, and more importantly indicate that OSBP1 could provide an alternative target for Abeta-directed therapeutic.
IMMUNOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOID CELL LINE (MOLT)
Authors: Akikazu Takada, Yumiko Takada, Jun Minowada
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

A short term incubation of the mixture of established human T-lymphoid cells (MOLT) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) resulted in the release of factors which nonspecifically suppressed the response of mouse spleen cells against heterologous erythrocytes in vitro. Neither human B-cell line (RPMI 1788), nor the supernate of MOLT cell suspension in the absence of SRBC had such suppressive effects. The supernate of the mixture of MOLT cells with chicken red blood cells (CRBC) did not suppress either anti-CRBC or anti-SRBC responses of mouse spleen cells. Since CRBC did not form rosettes with MOLT cells, it is suspected that the origin of the production of these factors might be MOLT cells forming SRBC rosettes. Some of these factors are dialysable.
Future of intensive care
Authors: I. S Grant
Journal: BMJ (1995)

36%) should also be viewed with concern.Changes in personality can be induced by exposure to chemicals; some people may be more susceptible than others.Many men reported serious side effects after taking nerve agent pretreatment sets, including enhanced aggression.These reports should be investigated thoroughly.We must protect our troops as well as possible in modern warfare.That implies an objective approach to all complaints after service in a particular field.It is to be hoped that the Ministry of Defence will now ensure thorough research into its own findings, preferably through civilian and NHS establishments.
A targeted mutational landscape of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Oreofe Odejide, Oliver Weigert, Andrew A. Lane, Dan Toscano, Matthew A. Lunning, Nadja Kopp, Sunhee Kim, Diederik van Bodegom, Sudha Bolla, Jonathan H. Schatz, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, Ephraim Hochberg, Abner Louissaint, David Dorfman, Kristen Stevenson, Scott J. Rodig, Pier Paolo Piccaluga, Eric Jacobsen, Stefano A. Pileri, Nancy L. Harris, Simone Ferrero, Giorgio Inghirami, Steven M. Horwitz, David M. Weinstock
Journal: Blood (2013)
The History of Bacteriology
Authors: Josephine A. Morello
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>The History of Bacteriology</i>, now available in paperback, was written in the 1930s by an emeritus professor of bacteriology at the University of London. In 11 chapters, Bulloch describes in detail the significant contributions made by early physicians and scientists to the field of bacteriology and immunology as it was known at the beginning of this century. The book begins with a chapter on the ancients' view of the nature of contagious diseases and continues with the important discoveries that led first to the microscopic detection of microorganisms, to awareness of the role of microbes in natural processes such as putrefaction and fermentation, and then to the convincing proof that such microbial agents are responsible for disease production. Although van Leeuwenhoek, Koch, and Pasteur are familiar to all who have had even an elementary biology course, Dr Bulloch discusses their findings and those of their many students and colleagues in
A Hearty Finding
Authors: Marie E. Peddinghaus, Nedjema Sustento-Reodica
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 54-year-old man presented to the emergency room with a 1-week history of influenza-like symptoms. He had undergone renal transplantation 12 years earlier for diabetic nephropathy. Laboratory evaluations were notable for an increase in his serum creatinine level to 6.0 mg per deciliter (530 μmol per liter) and 3+ proteinuria. Because of worsening renal failure, a renal biopsy was performed, which showed moderate chronic allograft nephropathy. In addition, an incidental finding of a heart-shaped, attenuated proximal renal tubule was seen. The influenza-like symptoms resolved within 2 weeks; however, the renal failure progressed, and the patient is once again being treated . . .
What proper names, and their absence, do not demonstrate
Authors: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Hurford claims that empty variables antedated proper names in linguistic (not merely logical) predicate-argument structure, and this had an effect on visual perception. But his evidence, drawn from proper names and the supposed inability of nonhumans to recognise individual conspecifics, is weak. So visual perception seems less relevant to the evolution of grammar than Hurford thinks.
The Residency I
Authors: Richard V. Ebert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE answer to the question — What and How Much? — would be very much easier for a residency in one of the circumscribed specialties than for a residency in internal medicine. It was not an accident that examining boards were established in fields such as ophthalmology before the founding of the American Board of Internal Medicine. It is possible for one man to encompass most of the available knowledge concerning the eyes. Moreover, one of the chief goals of a residency in ophthalmology must be the development of adequate technical skill to deal with the diseases of this precious . . .
Staphylococcal Infection in the Toxic-Shock Syndrome
Authors: Lowell A. Glasgow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

IN medicine, we are constantly challenged by new syndromes or by new manifestations of known syndromes. In this issue of the Journal, two groups, Davis and his co-workers from Wisconsin and Shands and her associates from the Center for Disease Control, describe an important new disease, toxic-shock syndrome (TSS). More than 300 cases have already been identified in the United States during the current year. These cases have occurred predominantly in menstruating women; they are characterized by sudden onset of fever, diarrhea, shock, a diffuse macular erythematous rash followed by desquamation from the hands and feet, and hyperemia of . . .