tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular injections of iron compounds and oncogenesis in man
Authors: K Weinbren, R Salm, G Greenberg
Journal: BMJ (1978)

To evaluate the evidence for iron compounds as local carcinogens in man, histological material and clinical reports have been reviewed in seven of the eight published cases of tumours developing at the site of intramuscular injections. The microscopical appearances suggested benign lesions in two cases and a variety of tumours in the other five. In only two cases (a rhabdomyosarcoma and a fibrosarcoma) was the interval between injections and tumour development longer than six years. Of the remaining three tumours, one was considered to be a rather slowly growing haemangiopericytoma (with an interval of two years), one appeared to be a subcutaneous lymphoma with no evidence of having arisen in the gluteal muscles, and one was a pleomorphic sarcoma with a possible five-year interval. Sarcomas induced experimentally by iron compounds differ in being less variable in type and in containing abundant iron-containing macrophages, which were negligible in these human tumours. Although the total number of patients who have received intramuscular injections of iron compounds is not known, the present findings, in contrast to experimental work, do not support the view that such treatment carries a strong risk of tumour development.
Delusions of parasitosis associated with coronary bypass surgery
Authors: W.B. Shelley, E.Dorinda Shelley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Delusions of parasitosis associated with coronary bypass surgery Get access W.B. Shelley, W.B. Shelley Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43699, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.Dorinda Shelley E.Dorinda Shelley Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43699, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 2, 1 February 1988, Page 309, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01790.x Published: 01 February 1988
Incidence and Clinical Relevance of the Occurrence of Bundle-Branch Block in Patients Treated With Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Keith H. Newby, Ennio Pisano´, Mitchell W. Krucoff, Cindy Green, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Whether thrombolytic therapy alters the incidence and clinical outcome of bundle-branch block is unclear.We examined the occurrence of new-onset bundle-branch block, both transient and persistent, in 681 patients with acute myocardial infarction enrolled in the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction 9 and Global Utilization of Streptokinase and t-PA for Occluded Arteries 1 protocols. Each patient underwent continuous 12-lead ECG monitoring for 36 to 72 hours with the Mortara ST monitoring system. Bundle-branch block was characterized as right, left, alternating, transient, or persistent. The overall incidence of bundle-branch block was 23.6% (n = 161), with transient block in 18.4% (n = 125) and persistent block in 5.3% (n = 36). Right bundle-branch block was found in 13% (n = 89) of the population; left bundle-branch block was found in 7% (n = 48). Alternating bundle-branch block was seen in 3.5% (n = 24) of patients. Left anterior descending artery infarcts accounted for most bundles (54%, n = 79). Patients with bundle-branch block had lower ejection fractions, higher peak creatine phosphokinase levels (P < .0001), and more diseased vessels (P < .019). Mortality rates in patients with and without bundle-branch block were 8.7% and 3.5%, respectively (P < .007). A higher mortality rate was observed in the presence of persistent (19.4%) versus transient (5.6%) or no (3.5%) bundle-branch block (P < .001).Thrombolytic therapy reduces the overall mortality rate associated with persistent bundle-branch block. However, persistent bundle-branch block remains predictive of a higher mortality rate than either transient or no bundle-branch block. Continuous 12-lead ECG monitoring provides an accurate characterization of the incidence and type of conduction disturbances after acute myocardial infarction.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Relapes: Why do case series differ?
Authors: Camillo Porta, Riccardo Centurioni, Luigi Gugliotta, Enrico Bobbio-Phllavicini, Atto Billio
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

We examined the retrospective case series of the Italian Cooperative Group to determine the incidence of relapses in TTP patients. Of 60 patients who have crossed the 10-year threshold from the first episode, only 9 (15%) relapsed during that period, a figure far lower than that reported recently. Such difference is hardly explainable on the basis of our current knowledge of the biological behaviour of TTP. Furthermore, we unsuccessfully analyzed the treatment performed in each of our relapsed patients, in search of some element that could retrospectively predict the subsequent relapse.
Dialysis-Associated Bone Disease
Authors: Marcello Camici
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  I read Dr Glassock's 1 conclusions in CONTEMPO '85 and his reply to the letter from Dr Daves 2 concerning bone disease in end-stage renal failure. Aluminum intoxication plays a role in the pathogenesis of this complication, but there are other factors. Our understanding will be incomplete if we do not analyze the role played by heparin in the etiology of dialysis osteodystrophy.  The development of osteopenia due to long-term heparin therapy in patients without renal disease has been documented, 3 but the mechanism remains unclear. In bone culture, heparin shows a tissue resorptive power higher than that of parathormone 4 and at the same time interferes with bone collagen, causing an increase in collagen metabolism and modification of its structure. 5 Heparin also inhibits the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by a direct effect on 1 α -hydroxylase 6 and on the activity of
COPD and Declining FEV<sub>1</sub>— Time to Divide and Conquer?
Authors: John J. Reilly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In 1976, Fletcher et al. published a monograph summarizing the results of an 8-year observational study of the relationship between cigarette smoking, chronic expectoration, and the development of irreversible airflow obstruction.1 At that time, the nomenclature for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was confusing. COPD was understood to include chronic bronchitis and emphysema, but the definitions of these two entities contained no mention of airflow obstruction. The clinical paradigm described patients as either "blue bloaters," who had chronic airway inflammation and a propensity for resting hypercapnia, and "pink puffers," who had airspace destruction and preserved resting arterial oxygenation.The study . . .
Sporotrichosis Revisited
Authors: ROBERT B. MCFARLAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Medical History1 August 1966Sporotrichosis Revisited65-Year Follow-up of the Second Reported CaseROBERT B. MCFARLAND, M.D.ROBERT B. MCFARLAND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-65-2-363 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the spring of 1899 Dr. Ludvig Hektoen of Chicago received material for culture taken from a subcutaneous abscess by Dr. C. F. Perkins of Shenandoah, Iowa. The renowned Hektoen was able to identfy the fungus he recovered as aSporotrichiumthat Schenk had first reported as a pathogen in 1898 (1). Dr. Perkins was probably somewhat surprised by this and also by his patient's complete recovery since Schenk's first patient had died. I was somewhat surprised to discover Dr. Perkins' patient alive and well 65 years after his historic illness. The present report will briefly review the original paper...References1. SCHENCK BR: On refractory subcutaneous abscesses caused by a fungus possibly related to the Sporotrichium. Bull. Hopkins Hosp. 9: 286, 1898. Google Scholar2. HEKTOENPERKINS LCF: Refractory subcutaneous abscesses caused by Sporothrix schenckii. A new pathogenic fungus. J. Exp. Med. 5: 77, 1900. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Sporotrichosis Infection of Mines of the Witwatersrand: A Symposium. Transvaal Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1947. Google Scholar4. WILSON JW: Clinical and Immunological Aspects of Fungus Diseases. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, Ill., 1957. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT B. MCFARLAND, M.D.Affiliations: Ames, Iowa and Boulder, ColoradoRequests for reprints should be addressed to Robert B. McFarland, M.D., 2660 13th St., Boulder, Colo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySporotrichosisSporotrichosisSporotrichosis of the skin with spontaneous cure—report of a second caseImmunology of Invasive Fungal InfectionsSporothrix schenckii and related species of CeratocystisSystemic mycoses in childrenSporotrichosis in childhood: Report of ten casesSporotrichosisInfectious diseases. Annual review of significant publications 1 August 1966Volume 65, Issue 2Page: 363-366KeywordsAbscessesFungal pathogensSporotrichosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Liver Disease Associated with Occupational Exposure to the Solvent Dimethylformamide
Authors: CARRIE A. REDLICH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Study Objective: To characterize an outbreak of liver disease among workers in a fabric coating factory; and to determine the outbreak's cause and natural history and strategies for clinical recognition, treatment, and prevention. Design: Clinical-epidemiological investigation. Setting: Academic medical center, Occupational Medicine Clinic, and worksite. Patients: Fifty-eight of sixty-six workers participated in the study. All had standard liver function tests at least once. Forty-six workers completed a questionnaire; 27 had more extensive clinical evaluation for recognized liver abnormalities. Results: A plant-wide outbreak of liver disease was recognized after a new employee presented with signs and symptoms of hepatitis. Evaluation of the worksite showed that dimethylformamide, a widely used industrial solvent and known hepatotoxin, was being used to coat fabric in poorly ventilated areas without appropriate skin protection. No other major hepatotoxic exposure was identified. Overall, 36 of 58 (62%) workers tested had elevations of either aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Enzyme abnormalities occurred almost exclusively in production workers (35 of 46 were abnormal), whereas only 1 of 12 nonproduction workers showed any elevations in enzyme levels (P < 0.0001). Serologic tests excluded known infectious causes of hepatitis in all but 2 workers and changes characteristic of toxic liver injury were confirmed by histologic examinations of biopsy specimens from 4 workers. The ratio of AST to ALT levels was one or less in all but 1 worker. After modification of work practices and removal of workers most severely affected from exposure, improvement in liver enzyme abnormalities and symptoms in most patients were seen, although some patients showed persistent elevations of enzyme levels. Conclusions: An outbreak of toxic liver disease has been associated with exposure to dimethylformamide in the workplace. The diagnosis of toxic liver disease was established by the clinical histories, negative viral serologies, an enzyme pattern of ALT levels being greater than AST levels, epidemiologic data on coworkers, and liver biopsy specimens. The high prevalence of unsuspected liver enzyme abnormalities in these workers suggests that occupational liver disease may occur more frequently than is generally recognized.
Cross-Sectional Correlates of Increased Aortic Stiffness in the Community
Authors: Gary F. Mitchell, Chao-Yu Guo, Emelia J. Benjamin, Martin G. Larson, Michelle J. Keyes, Joseph A. Vita, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Daniel Levy
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Increased aortic stiffness is associated with numerous common diseases of aging, including heart disease, stroke, and renal disease. However, the prevalence and correlates of abnormally high aortic stiffness are incompletely understood.We evaluated 2 aortic stiffness measures, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and forward pressure wave amplitude, in a pooled sample of the Framingham Original, Offspring, and minority Omni cohorts (mean age, 62 years; 56% women). Abnormal stiffness of each measure was defined as a value exceeding the sex-specific 90th percentile of a reference group with a low burden of conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Applying this criterion to the entire sample identified a 24% to 33% prevalence of abnormal stiffness measures. The prevalence of abnormal stiffness increased markedly with age, eg, for pulse wave velocity, from a few percent in both sexes aged < 50 years to 64% (men) to 74% (women) in those aged > or = 70 years. With adjustment for age, important correlates of abnormal aortic stiffness included higher mean arterial pressure, greater body mass index, impaired glucose metabolism, and abnormal lipids. Correlates of aortic stiffness were similar if we used age-specific rather than fixed criteria for defining abnormal stiffness.The prevalence of abnormal aortic stiffness increases steeply with advancing age in the community, especially in the presence of obesity or diabetes. Our data suggest that the burden of disease attributable to aortic stiffness is likely to increase considerably over the next few years as the population ages.
ON THE HEMOLYTIC PROPERTIES OF FATTY ACIDS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE CAUSATION OF TOXIC HEMOLYSIS AND PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
Authors: William Fletcher McPhedran
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

1. The smallest amount of the sodium soaps necessary for the complete hemolysis of 0.5 of a cubic centimeter of a 5 per cent. suspension of the red blood corpuscles of the sheep, ox, rabbit, dog, or of man, is about the same,—0.03 of a milligram in the case of the following acids: oleic, linoleic, dibromostearic, chloriodostearic, and two isomeric monobromostearic acids; in the case of erucic acid about twice as much of the soap was found to be necessary; in that of palmitic or of dihydroxystearic acid more than ten times as much. 2. The minimum hemolytic quantity of the sodium soaps of the highly unsaturated acids obtained from cod liver oil and from linseed oil is only very slightly less than that of sodium oleate. 3. It follows, therefore, from these results that hemolysis by unsaturated fatty acids is not more active in proportion to the degree to which these acids are unsaturated, nor is it diminished when the unsaturated carbon atoms are saturated by halogens. It is, on the other hand, greatly diminished when they are converted into the corresponding hydroxyl acids, which are hemolytic only to the same degree as the saturated acids. 4. The idea that toxic hemolysis, in disease, in poisoning by phosphorus or toluylene diamine, results from the liberation of specially hemolytic fatty acids from the fatty complexes of disintegrating cells is not well supported by evidence; none of the fatty acids, still less any of the fatty complexes from which these acids can be obtained in any of the organs examined, either in this work or in the work of others that has preceded it, show on analysis any evidence for the existence of fatty acids more toxic than the common oleic acid which is constantly being set free by hydrolysis from common fat in health.
Enteric dysbiosis associated with a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Arthur W. Yan, Derrick E. Fouts, Johannes Brandl, Peter Stärkel, Manolito Torralba, Eckart Schott, Hide Tsukamoto, Karen E. Nelson, David A. Brenner, Bernd Schnabl
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

The translocation of bacteria and bacterial products into the circulation contributes to alcoholic liver disease. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth is common in patients with alcoholic liver disease. The aims of our study were to investigate bacterial translocation, changes in the enteric microbiome, and its regulation by mucosal antimicrobial proteins in alcoholic liver disease. We used a mouse model of continuous intragastric feeding of alcohol or an isocaloric diet. Bacterial translocation occurred prior to changes observed in the microbiome. Quantitative changes in the intestinal microflora of these animals were assessed first using conventional culture techniques in the small and large intestine. Although we found no difference after 1 day or 1 week, intestinal bacterial overgrowth was observed in the gastrointestinal tract of mice fed alcohol for 3 weeks compared with control mice fed an isocaloric liquid diet. Because &lt;20% of all gastrointestinal bacteria can be cultured using conventional methodologies, we performed massively parallel pyrosequencing to further assess the qualitative changes in the intestinal microbiome following alcohol exposure. Sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes revealed a relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia bacteria in mice fed alcohol compared with a relative predominance of Firmicutes bacteria in control mice. With respect to the host's transcriptome, alcohol feeding was associated with down-regulation in gene and protein expression of bactericidal c-type lectins Reg3b and Reg3g in the small intestine. Treatment with prebiotics partially restored Reg3g protein levels, reduced bacterial overgrowth, and lessened alcoholic steatohepatitis. Conclusion: Alcohol feeding is associated with intestinal bacterial overgrowth and enteric dysbiosis. Intestinal antimicrobial molecules are dysregulated following chronic alcohol feeding contributing to changes in the enteric microbiome and to alcoholic steatohepatitis. (Hepatology 2011)
Transient Complete Heart Block Occurring during Nasal Irrigation
Authors: GERALD M. MURPHY, J. G. WILMER, T. S. CLAIBORNE
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Cardiac standstill associated with surgical work about the eyes, nose, and throat occurs but is not frequent. A case is reported in which the patient collapsed while receiving a treatment with a jet spray in the sphenoid sinus area. There developed heart block and cerebral and myocardial damage. Vagal stimulation with inhibition of the heart beat is suggested as the probable cause.
Exercise capacity following neonatal cardiac transplantation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)
Authors: Neda F. Muta, Linda H. Feenstra, Joyce K. Johnston, Ranae L. Larsan, Grish S. Shirali, M.A.Ali Khan, Daniel A. Dyar, Richard E. Chinnock, Leonard L. Bailey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Molecular analysis of HLA class II associations with hepatitis B virus clearance and vaccine nonresponsiveness
Authors: Andrew Godkin, Miles Davenport, Adrian V.S. Hill
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Clearance of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with a vigorous CD4+ T-cell response focusing on the core protein. HLA class II glycoproteins present viral peptides to CD4+ T cells and influence the immune responses. HLA-DRB1*1301/2 have been associated with viral clearance, and HLA-DRB1*0301 is associated with nonresponse to vaccination with envelope proteins. Binding affinities of overlapping peptides covering the core and envelope proteins of HBV were measured to HLA glycoproteins encoded by HLA-DRA1*0101,-DRB1*0101 (HLA-DR1), HLA-DRA1*0101,-DRB1*0301 (HLA-DR3), HLA-DRA1*0101,-DRB1*0701 (HLA-DR7) and HLA-DRA1*0101,-DRB1*1301 (HLA-DR13) molecules and compared with published peptide-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. There are more high-affinity ligands (IC50 < 1 μmol/L) derived from the core protein than the surface antigen (P < .04 for HLA-DR1/7/13), but there was no increase in the number or the affinity of ligands for HLA-DR13. Clusters of particular core peptides bound to multiple HLA types, explaining the immunodominance of these regions for T-cell responses. Within the envelope protein, the low-affinity ligands (IC50 < 10 μmol/L) are found mainly in the surface antigen, with a marked paucity of ligands for HLA-DR3 (HLA-DR3 vs. non-DR3; P < .05) consistent with the lower vaccination responses for this HLA type. Of all peptides tested, 8 to 10 bound mainly to one HLA type, allowing a substantially greater breadth of response in heterozygotes. In conclusion, these data offer a mechanistic explanation for the dominant response to the HBV core protein during infection and support the direct involvement of the HLA-DRB1 gene in vaccine nonresponsiveness but not altered susceptibility to viral persistence. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:1383–1390.)
Characterization of Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Atopic Eczema
Authors: A. Singh, K. Burmeister, M. Evans, R. Gangnon, K. Roberg, C. Tisler, D. DaSilva, T. Pappas, L. Pleiss, R.F. Lemanske, J.E. Gern, C.M. Seroogy
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Lung volume reduction surgery puts a new twist on an old technique
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1997)

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Action of Nitroglycerin on the Coronary Circulation in Normal and in Mild Cardiac Subjects
Authors: NORMAN BRACHFELD, JOHN BOZER, RICHARD GORLIN, Morris H. Smith, Elin Aleranderson
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Nitroglycerin has been used extensively as a coronary vasodilator. Its remarkable clinical effect has been presumed to be related to a direct action on the smooth muscle of the coronary arteriole. No observations have been made of nitroglycerin action on the coronary circulation in man. This report presents studies of changes induced by the drug in 10 normal or nearly normal subjects. The authors present evidence that although coronary vasodilatation does indeed occur, it appears to be secondary to changes in myocardial oxygen requirements. Hemodynamic observations revealed a general decrease in pressures in both peripheral and pulmonary circuits; caution is urged concerning the occasional severe hypotensive effects of nitroglycerin.