tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture During Anticoagulant Therapy With Survival
Authors: Louis A. Finney
Journal: JAMA (1967)

IN CERTAIN CENTERS for about a decade anticoagulation has been the therapy of choice for various syndromes of cerebrovascular insufficiency, myocardial insufficiency, and peripheral vascular insufficiency.<sup>1-5</sup>The hemorrhagic complications associated with anticoagulation have been well documented.<sup>6,7</sup>A review of the literature, however, reveals no case of rupture of cerebral aneurysm while the patient was receiving adequate anticoagulation with subsequent survival of the patient. Such a case is presented here. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old white man with a cutaneous angioma in the right supraorbital and maxillary area, indicative of the Sturge-Weber syndrome, had experienced two previous myocardial infarctions and had been given anticoagulant therapy (sodium warfarin in dosages which varied from time to time). His course was satisfactory until Oct 20, 1965, when he noted the onset of severe headache in the occipital region which rapidly involved the entire head. Following a normal neurological examination in the
Krusen's Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Authors: Edward A. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This third edition of Krusen is a considerable departure from the second edition of 1971. It is a most comprehensive, multiauthored work. Three editors, all with Mayo Clinic experience, write eight of 52 chapters—the remainder are written by 22 other contributors from various parts of this country, and two from abroad.  The scope of the book is large, including sections on arthritis, amputation, stroke, brain damage in children, spinal cord injury, auditory disorders, pulmonary and cardiac disease, burns, and cancer. Its scholarly nature is underlined throughout by references to basic physiology and with chapters specially devoted to motor function, gait analysis, electromyography, and nerve conduction, including one on the effects of immobilization. The physiological effect of various forms of physical therapy is well documented with extensive citations to the literature.  The psychological reaction to injury seems to be the newest theme in rehabilitation. While the psychology of the injured person
Reversals of Established Medical Practices
Authors: Vinay Prasad, Adam Cifu, John P. A. Ioannidis
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MPs call for transfer of funds to community to improve care for dementia patients
Authors: J. Carlowe
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The UK health services should reduce the number of hospital beds and use the savings to fund better care of people with dementia, a cross party group of MPs has said.

In its report of an inquiry into improving dementia services the all party parliamentary group on dementia calls for hospital beds to be cut by at least 10%.

The report notes that a quarter of hospital beds are taken up by patients with dementia and that many leave in worse health than when they were admitted. A £1bn (€1.1bn; $1.6bn) investment in community based dementia services would reduce hospital admissions, the report argues.

Sally Greengross, the peer who chairs the group, said, “Dementia currently costs the UK £20bn …
The Effects of Smoking on the Cardiac Output at Rest and during Exercise in Patients with Healed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: WILLIAM S. FRANKL, WILLIAM L. WINTERS, LOUIS A. SOLOFF
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Smoking by subjects with healed myocardial infarction, in contrast to its effects on the normal subject, fails to provoke an increase in cardiac output or in stroke volume. On the other hand, smoking does increase the heart rate in subjects with healed myocardial infarction. This dissociation between the effect on heart rate and on cardiac output and stroke volume, which was also noted in the healthy subject pretreated with glucose, indicates that increase in heart rate is mediated by different factors than those that increase stroke volume and cardiac output.
Allergenicity of α‐caseins from cow, sheep, and goat
Authors: P. Spuergin, M. Walter, E. Schiltz, K. Deichmann, J. Forster, H. Mueller
Journal: Allergy (1997)

The allergic potential of α‐caseins from bovine, ovine, and goat's milk sharing more than 85% identical amino acids was compared. Caseins were purified by anion‐exchange chromatography and used for a specific IgE and IgG ELISA with diluted human sera. Sera were from 17 children with immediate‐type allergy to cow's milk, from 59 children with atopy but without food allergy, and from 27 healthy children without atopic disease. The sera of cow's milk‐allergic children showed a significantly higher IgE and IgG binding to α‐caseins from all three species than the sera of the other groups. All groups showed an increased antibody binding to bovine a‐casein compared to the sheep and goat proteins, but the differences were significant only in the groups of atopic children and of healthy controls. Furthermore, inhibition of the IgE binding to bovine α‐casein with α‐casein from cow, goat, and sheep revealed that the a‐caseins from these species are highly cross‐reactive, on the basis of the small differences in their primary structure. In conclusion, the milk of goat and sheep harbor an allergic potential and is not suitable for the nutrition of milk‐allergic patients.
Identification of a T cell receptor beta chain variable region, V beta 20, that is differentially expressed in various strains of mice.
Authors: A Six, E Jouvin-Marche, D Y Loh, P A Cazenave, P N Marche
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

A cDNA library of TCR beta chain transcripts from BALB/c thymocytes was constructed using anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Screening of this library led to the identification of a V beta gene segment, V beta 20, structurally related to V beta 3 and V beta 17. Genomic analysis of mice displaying deletions in their V beta loci, together with mapping of cosmid clones, situated V beta 20 2.5 kb beside V beta 17. The expression of V beta 20 was estimated by PCR in mice of different H-2 and Mls types. Peripheral T cells from H-2k and H-2d mice did not express V beta 20, whereas in I-E-negative mice (C57Bl/6 and SJL), V beta 20 transcripts were detected. The lack of V beta 20 transcripts in (C57Bl/6 x CBA/J)F1, (C57Bl/6 x BALB/c)F1, and in congenic B6.H-2k mice suggests that the differential use of V beta 20 is due to an I-E-mediated clonal deletion process. The involvement of the Mls super antigens was excluded by analysis of all Mls type combinations. The nature of the V beta 20-deleting element(s) is discussed in the context of the I-E/superantigen systems controlling the expression of V beta 11 and V beta 17.
INTERMITTENT TETRACOSACTRTN-DEPOT THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY
Authors: S. A. KHAN, A. F. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Summary— Experience with tetracosactrin-depot therapy in 10 patients with dermatological disorders is described. The clinical response was considered good in 7 patients, poor in the remaining 3. Plasma cortisol levels remained elevated 24 to 48 hr. following injection but there were considerable differences between patients in both the magnitude and duration of response. Melanoderma and other side effects were troublesome when the total weekly dose exceeded 1 mg. Smaller dosages gave satisfactory response without significant accompanying side effects.
Performance of a Component-Based Allergen Microarray in children with Cow's Milk and Egg Allergy
Authors: G. Cavagni, L. D'Urbano, S. Donnanno, G. Trimarco, E. Misirocchi, M. Artesani, S. Mancini, P. Koch, C. Riccardi, A. Tozzi, F. De Benedetti
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Receptor tyrosine kinases exert dominant control over PI3K signaling in human KRAS mutant colorectal cancers
Authors: Hiromichi Ebi, Ryan B. Corcoran, Anurag Singh, Zhao Chen, Youngchul Song, Eugene Lifshits, David P. Ryan, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Cyril Benes, Jeffrey Settleman, Kwok-Kin Wong, Lewis C. Cantley, Jeffrey A. Engelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Therapies inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are effective against some human cancers when they lead to simultaneous downregulation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling. However, mutant KRAS has the capacity to directly activate ERK and PI3K signaling, and this is thought to underlie the resistance of KRAS mutant cancers to RTK inhibitors. Here, we have elucidated the molecular regulation of both the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells and identified combination therapies that lead to robust cancer cell apoptosis. KRAS knockdown using shRNA suppressed ERK signaling in all of the human KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cell lines examined. However, no decrease, and actually a modest increase, in AKT phosphorylation was often seen. By performing PI3K immunoprecipitations, we determined that RTKs, often IGF-IR, regulated PI3K signaling in the KRAS mutant cell lines. This conclusion was also supported by the observation that specific RTK inhibition led to marked suppression of PI3K signaling and biochemical assessment of patient specimens. Interestingly, combination of RTK and MEK inhibitors led to concomitant inhibition of PI3K and MEK signaling, marked growth suppression, and robust apoptosis of human KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro and upon xenografting in mice. These findings provide a framework for utilizing RTK inhibitors in the treatment of KRAS mutant colorectal cancers.
Deadly Compassion: The Death of Ann Humphry and the Case Against Euthanasia
Authors: N. Macfarlane
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Rita Marker Harper Collins, pounds sterling6.99, pp 302 ISBN 0 00 638073 5

Ann Humphry committed suicide on 2 October 1991, with tablets from the same supply of barbiturates that she had provided for her frail and elderly parents in their “self deliverance” five years earlier. Was it a fitting end for this noted campaigner for euthanasia, who in the previous two years had twice undergone major surgery for breast cancer,together with chemotherapy and radiotherapy?



The latest modification of computed tomography is spiral scanning, which, because of continuous rotation and extremely fast data capture, can produce images in a single breath hold. The illustration from Spiral CT (Raven, $157.50, ISBN 0 7817 0218 …
Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type II due to a novel 8q23.3-q24.12 deletion associated with imperforate hymen and vaginal stenosis
Authors: L. Plaza-Benhumea, J.M. Valdes-Miranda, J. Toral-López, A. Pérez-Cabrera, S. Cuevas-Covarrubias
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)
Short-term Exposure to Particulate Matter Constituents and Mortality in a National Study of U.S. Urban Communities
Authors: Jenna R. Krall, G. Brooke Anderson, Francesca Dominici, Michelle L. Bell, Roger D. Peng
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Although the association between PM2.5 mass and mortality has been extensively studied, few national-level analyses have estimated mortality effects of PM2.5 chemical constituents. Epidemiologic studies have reported that estimated effects of PM2.5 on mortality vary spatially and seasonally. We hypothesized that associations between PM2.5 constituents and mortality would not vary spatially or seasonally if variation in chemical composition contributes to variation in estimated PM2.5 mortality effects.We aimed to provide the first national, season-specific, and region-specific associations between mortality and PM2.5 constituents.We estimated short-term associations between nonaccidental mortality and PM2.5 constituents across 72 urban U.S. communities from 2000 to 2005. Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Chemical Speciation Network data, we analyzed seven constituents that together compose 79-85% of PM2.5 mass: organic carbon matter (OCM), elemental carbon (EC), silicon, sodium ion, nitrate, ammonium, and sulfate. We applied Poisson time-series regression models, controlling for time and weather, to estimate mortality effects.Interquartile range increases in OCM, EC, silicon, and sodium ion were associated with estimated increases in mortality of 0.39% [95% posterior interval (PI): 0.08, 0.70%], 0.22% (95% PI: 0.00, 0.44), 0.17% (95% PI: 0.03, 0.30), and 0.16% (95% PI: 0.00, 0.32), respectively, based on single-pollutant models. We did not find evidence that associations between mortality and PM2.5 or PM2.5 constituents differed by season or region.Our findings indicate that some constituents of PM2.5 may be more toxic than others and, therefore, regulating PM total mass alone may not be sufficient to protect human health.
Depletion of CD8+ cells in human thymic medulla results in selective immune deficiency.
Authors: C M Roifman, D Hummel, H Martinez-Valdez, P Thorner, P J Doherty, S Pan, F Cohen, A Cohen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

CD8 molecules expressed on the surface of a subset of T cells participate in the selection of class I MHC antigen-restricted T cells in the thymus, and in MHC-restricted immune responses of mature class I MHC antigen-restricted T cells. Here we describe an immune-deficient patient with lack of CD8+ peripheral blood cells. The patient presented with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and was unable to reject an allogeneic skin graft, but had normal primary and secondary antibody responses. Examination of the patient's thymus revealed that the loss of CD8+ cells occurred during intrathymic differentiation: the patient's immature cortical thymocytes included both CD4+ and CD8+ cells while the mature medullary cells expressed the CD4 but not the CD8 protein on their surface. Northern blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed the presence of CD8 alpha and beta mRNA in the patient's thymus but not in the peripheral blood. Both class I MHC antigen expression and the expressed TCR V beta repertoire are normal in this patient. These data are consistent with an impaired selection of CD8+ cells in the patient's thymus and support the role of the CD8 surface protein in thymic selection previously characterized in genetically manipulated and inbred mice.
THE EARLY TREATMENT OF CANCER
Authors: HARRY C. SALTZSTEIN
Journal: JAMA (1923)

An important phase of any discussion of cancer is the campaign of education, which aims to make progress by wider utilization of the facts already at hand regarding the disease rather than by relying on the development of new procedures to increase the number of our cures. We already have sufficient knowledge to alleviate the suffering of many times the number of victims that we help at the present time, yet how much cancer do we cure? How soon does the average case become hopeless? How late are we when we ordinarily attack the disease, and therefore how much or how little chance will a given individual have? These are pertinent questions, unfortunately susceptible of only indirect answers; but they indicate the extent of the problem before us and, as such, should demand our attention. The cancer problem of a community is not how many operative cures have been reported
Disseminated intravascular coagulation in lupus erythematosus responding to prednisone therapy
Authors: Stanley R. Riddell, A. Majid Shojania
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract A 48‐year‐old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with clinical bleeding. Since no other cause for DIC could be demonstrated, he was treated with prednisone, which rapidly corrected his DIC. This case demonstrates the need for a complete hematological investigation of patients with SLE who present with hemostatic abnormalities.
Changes in intra-abdominal pressure, hemodynamics, and peak inspiratory pressure during gastroscopy in a porcine model
Authors: S. von Delius, A. Karagianni, J. Henke, A. Preissel, A. Meining, E. Frimberger, R. Schmid, W. Huber
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de S. von Delius et al., pp. 962Endoscopy 2007; 39(11): 1029-1029DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308881
A Murine Model of Acute Liver Injury Induced by Human Monoclonal Autoantibody *
Authors: Katsumi Yamauchi, Naoko Yamaguchi, Takaji Furukawa, Kazuko Takatsu, Toshimi Nakanishi, Kohji Ishida, Tatsuji Komatsu, Katsutoshi Tokushige, Hikaru Nagahara, Etsuko Hashimoto, Keiko Shiratori
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract We have previously reported an immunoglobulin (Ig) M autoantibody to hepatocyte-related 190-kd molecules in patients with type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). This molecule was first isolated by hepatocyte-specific human monoclonal antibody (MoAb). To elucidate the role of this IgM autoantibody in hepatocyte injury, we examined the reactivity of this MoAb to murine hepatocytes and then questioned whether acute hepatic injury could be induced in mice via injection of this MoAb. The reactivity of MoAb was examined via both FACS analysis using murine hepatocytes and immunostaining of liver tissues. We then identified the murine hepatocyte membrane molecule recognized by this MoAb. The role of this MoAb in the immunopathogenesis of AIH was assessed by testing whether its injection into mice could increase serum aminotransferase levels as well as cause changes in liver histology. The present results demonstrate that this MoAb cross-reacted with murine hepatocytes and recognized a 190-kd molecule on the murine hepatocyte membrane just as in human hepatocytes. One hour after the injection of MoAb, the deposition of both IgM and complement component 3 was found in liver tissues. At 8 hours after the injection, serum aminotransferase levels were significantly increased in MoAb-injected mice compared with controls. Histological study revealed massive hepatocyte necrosis in MoAb-injected mice. In conclusion , human MoAb recognized a 190-kd molecule of both human and murine hepatocytes, and the injection of this MoAb to mice resulted in acute liver injury, indicating that this type of autoantibody may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of AIH. (Hepatology 2005.)
Hurricane Mitch Aftermath
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterization of HCV-specific Patr class II restricted CD4+ T cell responses in an acutely infected chimpanzee
Authors: David J. Woollard, Arash Grakoui, Naglaa H. Shoukry, Krishna K. Murthy, Katherine J. Campbell, Christopher M. Walker
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with strong and sustained virus–specific CD4+ T cell responses. In this study, we investigated the evolution of functional T cell responses during acute infection of a chimpanzee and the longevity of these lymphocytes in blood and liver after resolution of infection. Viremia increased through the first 3 weeks of infection and then remained stable until the onset of T cell responses at weeks 6 and 8 postinfection. CD4+ T cells targeting nonstructural HCV proteins were detected in proliferation assays by week 6 postinfection, but they failed to produce interferon γ (IFN–γ). HCV–specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with the ability to produce IFN–γ appeared at week 8 when a rapid 10–fold reduction in plasma viremia was first observed. This cytokine response persisted through to week 24 when infection apparently resolved. T cell lines targeting 3 CD4+ T cell epitopes and 1 CD8+ T cell epitope were derived from liver and their Patr major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction elements were identified. In retrospective studies performed on cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected at various timepoints after infection, the onset of an IFN–γ response measured against the class II restricted epitopes correlated with viral clearance. In conclusion, the characterization of the HCV epitopes and MHC class II restriction elements described here will facilitate a detailed comparison of CD4+ T cell function in animals with resolved and persistent infections.