tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BMJ policy on data sharing
Authors: T. Groves
Journal: BMJ (2010)

New guidance proposes minimum standards to lessen risks to participants’ privacy

The BMJ asks authors of original research articles to state in their manuscripts whether they are making available any additional unpublished data. These may comprise raw unprocessed data as well as protocols, analyses, statistical codes, images, and ideas (http://resources.bmj.com/bmj/authors/types-of-article/research). We ask this largely because we are keen to maximise the usefulness and usage of data and promote transparency, but also because many research funders now encourage or even mandate data sharing.1 Many BMJ articles' authors simply say “no additional data available,” but a growing repository of positive data sharing statements range from “an audit trail of the forest plots and related data is available at www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/bptria”2 to “a full list of participants’ quotes and explanations offered by the authors to illustrate each of the four themes are available on request from the corresponding author at …
Remitting Diabetes
Authors: Christine P. Burren, Andrew T. Hattersley
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We describe a previously unreported clinical scenario of remitting diabetes in two young brothers who do not fit existing diagnostic classifications. They may represent a new genetic subgroup of diabetes.

Case 1 presented at 3.6 years with poor linear growth, polyuria, and polydipsia. Diabetes was diagnosed based on a blood glucose value of 11.5 mmol/l and an elevated HbA1c of 7.0% (normal 3.8–6.0). During 3 months’ observation, hyperglycemia and an elevated HbA1c persisted. Working diagnosis was very early type 1 diabetes, and insulin was commenced (0.2 units · kg−1 · day−1). HbA1c improved from 7.0 to 5.3%. However, linear growth did not improve.

The family also tested asymptomatic siblings and identified hyperglycemia in the …
Pendred syndrome (goitre and sensorineural hearing loss) maps to chromosome 7 in the region containing the nonsyndromic deafness gene DFNB4
Authors: Beth Coyle, Rebecca Coffey, John A.L. Armour, Eleanor Gausden, Ze'ev Hochberg, Ashley Grossman, Keith Britton, Marcus Pembrey, William Reardon, Richard Trembath
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
395. Role of Caveoli on Membrane Raft in the Internalization of Non-Viral Vectors
Authors: Peng H. Tan, Maria Manunta, Andrew J.T. George
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Background: Dendrimers are highly branched polymers, which have used widely as a tool in research or gene therapy to ferry gene to cells. Dendrimers bind DNA by electrostatic interactions forming a transfection complex termed dendriplexes. In order to optimize and improve the transfection efficiency, it is essential to understand the cell entry and intracellular trafficking of the complexes. We have previously shown that cellular entry of dendriplexes is dependent on the cholesterol component of membrane raft 1. In this paper, we investigate the role of caveoli on the membrane raft in triggering the internalization of dendriplexes. Materials & Methods: In order to determine the relative contributions of caveolin on the internalization of dendriplexes, we have therefore generated and used caveolin-1 construct and dorminant negative construct for clathrin adopter molecules. Following overexpression on caveoli- deficient cells, these constructs are to promote caveoli-mediated or to inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis respectively. In addition, using various chemical inhibitors, we determine the role of clathrin-dependent endocytosis, phagocytosis and macropinocytosis in the dendriplex-mediated internalization. Results: Our previous work on the inhibition of transfection by treatment with fillipin III suggested that gene delivery might be occurring by a caveolin dependent pathway 1. We therefore investigated the internalization and transfection of dendriplexes using cells that express few caveolae or no caveolae. We show that, in contrast to other cells, cholesterol depletion does not affect the ability of dendriplexes to transfect these cells. Inhibition of clathrin-dependent (using chemical inhibitors or dorminant negative constructs for clathrin adopter molecules), phagocytic and macropinocytic pathways also failed to inhibit transfection of these cells. However, over-expression of caveolin 1 resulted in an increase in the rate of uptake of dendriplexes and its productive transfection efficiency. The confocal microscopy demonstrated co-localisation of dendriplexes and caveolin-1 prior to the complex internalization. Conclusion: Our data highlight that dendriplexes utilize caveolae as a preferential route for gene delivery. These data have important implications for the design of non-viral vectors for gene delivery. Reference: 1 Manunta M et al. Gene delivery by dendrimers operates via a cholesterol dependent pathway. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32: 2730-2739.
Dynamic immune responses maintain cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope mutations in transmitted simian immunodeficiency virus variants
Authors: Dan H Barouch, Jennifer Powers, Diana M Truitt, Michael G Kishko, Janelle C Arthur, Fred W Peyerl, Marcelo J Kuroda, Darci A Gorgone, Michelle A Lifton, Carol I Lord, Vanessa M Hirsch, David C Montefiori, Angela Carville, Keith G Mansfield, Kevin J Kunstman, Steven M Wolinsky, Norman L Letvin
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Routine Admission Testing
Authors: Colin R. Macpherson
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  I have great respect for the professional skills of G. William Cole, MD, but his response to the question about hospital costs and number of tests ordered (238:2644, 1977) is incomplete and, I believe, misleading.  Instrumentation in his hospital made it possible to increase the number of admission tests by 312% without increasing the direct cost. Unless Dr Cole is using some radically new method of manipulating the data derived, he also has increased the number of false-positive results by 312%. I know of no studies of chemistry screens and the like that have claimed any sort of corresponding increase in quality of care or in numbers of cases detected of truly latent, unsuspected, significant but treatable disease.  Dr Cole's approach, I am afraid, must lead to many more cases of artefactual illness that have to be evaluated and excluded (expensive and time-consuming) or ignored (bad medicine
Relationship of Microbiologic Diagnostic Criteria to Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Fabienne Bregeon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To evaluate whether the mortality and the morbidity of ventilator-associated pneumonia, defined by positive result of protected specimen brush culture, was different from that defined by other methods.Matched-cohort study. All patients with clinical suspicion of pneumonia were investigated with protected specimen brush, bronchoalveolar lavage, and blind bronchial samplings. Two groups were defined: brush-positive patients (positive culture of the protected specimen brush) and brush-negative patients (negative culture of the protected specimen brush, but positive culture with another method).A 14-bed medicosurgical intensive care unit (ICU) in an 850-bed teaching hospital.All patients with documented ventilator-associated pneumonia over 4 years 9 months. A total of 102 cases documented by protected specimen brush culture and 223 documented by another sampling procedure. Patients were matched according to diagnosis on admission, age, sex, date of admission, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and date of onset of pneumonia.Mortality rate, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU stay, duration of hospital stay, sampling methods, and microbiologic cultures.A total of 76 pairs were submitted for analysis. The effectiveness of matching was 81.85%. There was no difference in mortality between brush-positive patients and brush-negative patients. The ICU fatality rate was 38% in the brush-positive group and 39.4% in the brush-negative group (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-1.93). The hospital fatality rate was 41% (OR, 1; 95% CI, 0.5-2.01). The mean (SD) duration of ventilation was 26 (23) days in the 2 groups (range, 3-132 days). The duration of ICU stay was 33 (27.4) days in the 2 groups (range, 3-152 days).When confounding factors are controlled, patient outcome is the same if ventilator-associated pneumonia has been diagnosed by protected specimen brush or by another sampling method.
Recoverin, a calcium-binding protein in photoreceptors
Authors: James B. Hurley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Recoverin is a Ca 2+ -binding protein found primarily in vertebrate photoreceptors. The proposed physiological function of recoverin is based on the finding that recoverin inhibits light-stimulated phosphorylation of rhodopsin. Recoverin interacts with rod outer segment membranes in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner. This interaction requires N-terminal acylation of recoverin. Four types of fatty acids have been detected on the N-terminus of recoverin, but the functional significance of this heterogeneous acylation is not yet clear.
CHEMICAL FACTORS IN INTERSTITIAL GINGIVITIS.
Authors: W. L. BAUM
Journal: JAMA (1900)

In dealing with the influence of any etiologic factors, these factors must be considered in connection with the organism on which they act—the latter in its constitutional aspects and in regard to its condition at the time the chemical factor begins its action. The local condition of the parts affected must likewise be taken into consideration. As the gums at times take upon themselves the function of excretion, they are peculiarly apt to be affected by chemical action. Prominent among the agents which produce effects on the gum and the other transitory structures are the alteratives and tonics. Arsenic, gold, iodin, iron, mercury, brass, lead, copper and phosphorus all produce, by their excretion through the gums, conditions of edema, which are predisposing factors to interstitial gingivitis. Arsenic, gold, iron, phosphorus and mercury all set up an inflammatory condition. Among the vegetable alteratives having a like action; colchicum, guaiac, salicylic acid,
Dietary Intervention With Specific Non-digestible Oligosaccharide Mixtures Is Effective During Induction Of Murine Cow'S Milk Allergy But Not Suitable As Treatment In The Same Allergic Disease Model
Authors: P.V. Jeurink, J. Kerperien, T.M.D. Wehkamp, E.C.A.M. van Esch, A. Rijnierse, G.A. Hofman, L.E.M. Willemsen, J. Garssen, L.M.J. Knippels
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
The cytokine midkine supports neutrophil trafficking during acute inflammation by promoting adhesion via β2 integrins (CD11/CD18)
Authors: Ludwig T. Weckbach, Anita Gola, Michael Winkelmann, Sascha M. Jakob, Leopold Groesser, Julia Borgolte, Frank Pogoda, Robert Pick, Monika Pruenster, Josef Müller-Höcker, Elisabeth Deindl, Markus Sperandio, Barbara Walzog
Journal: Blood (2014)
Prevalence of Known Diabetes and Antidiabetic Therapy Between 1984/1985 and 1999/2001 in Southern Germany
Authors: Christa Meisinger, Margit Heier, Angela Doering, Barbara Thorand, Hannelore Loewel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Between 1995 and 2025 the prevalence of diabetes is projected to rise from 135 million to 300 million affected worldwide, with the most dramatic increase occurring in developing countries; most of these cases will be type 2 diabetes (1). The highest prevalences are seen in populations with heightened genetic susceptibility, high caloric intake, reduced physical activity, and a subsequent progressive rise in overweight and obesity (2). The aim of the present study is to show the prevalence of known diabetes as well as the antidiabetic treatment over the period 1984/1985 to 1999/2001 using the data of four surveys of independent representative samples of a 25- to 74-year-old population of Southern Germany.

Three independent cross-sectional surveys were carried out in 1984/1985, 1989/1990, and 1994/1995 to estimate the prevalence and distribution of cardiovascular risk factors among men and women in the Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) study (3), which was conducted in the Augsburg region. From 1999 to 2001, the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) Survey 2000 was conducted in the same study region and with the same design as in the previous surveys. The age range was restricted to individuals aged 25–64 years in the first survey and 25–74 years in the other three surveys.

During a standardized interview, participants were asked whether they …
Bone Changes in Hematologic Disorders (Roentgen Aspects).
Authors: Roger A. Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The major portion of this book consists of seven articles originally published in the<i>Journal of the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York</i>between 1959 and 1962. These cover the anemias, hemophilia, leukemia and myelosclerosis, osteopetrosis, myeloma, reticuloendothelioses, and malignant lymphoma. An additional section discussing latest information on sickle cell disease and reticuloendothelioses soundly resolves differing impressions and attitudes. A brief discussion of metastatic carcinoma and Paget's disease has been added for sake of completeness in differential analysis of radiographs. The result is a very valuable and handy volume. For each condition discussed the author demonstrates a rare combination of keen observation, concise description, and painstaking correlation of clinical, laboratory, and radiographic information. Radiographic patterns are stressed which may precede other more specifically diagnostic or symtomatic criteria occurring at a later stage in life. Of the patterns which the author discusses some are part of the main manifestations of a particular
Endovascular Repair of a Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: W Anthony Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

62-year-old man presented with an acute onset of severe lower back pain, hypotension, and nausea and vomiting. He had a history of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. On arrival, the patient was diaphoretic, with a blood pressure of 130/57 mm Hg and a heart rate of 84 beats per minute, and he had a markedly tender, pulsatile abdominal mass. He immediately underwent computed tomography (CT), performed with the use of contrast material; the study showed calcification in the aortic wall (Panel A, curved arrow) and a contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, with active extravasation of contrast material (Panel A, arrow) into a large retroperitoneal hematoma (arrowhead). Within three hours after the onset of his symptoms, the patient was taken on an emergency basis to the operating room, where, under local anesthesia, he underwent a stent-graft repair of the ruptured aneurysm, performed with the use of a bifurcated endograft system. One month later, follow-up CT scanning showed a functioning graft and organization of the retroperitoneal hematoma into a well-defined fluid collection around the psoas muscle (Panel B, arrow). At six months, further regression of the aneurysm with resolution of the retroperitoneal hematoma was observed.
Long-term Cause-Specific Mortality Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Authors: Raoul C. Reulen
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk of premature mortality compared with the general population, but little is known about the long-term risks of specific causes of death, particularly beyond 25 years from diagnosis at ages when background mortality in the general population starts to increase substantially.To investigate long-term cause-specific mortality among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer in a large-scale population-based cohort.British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a population-based cohort of 17,981 5-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed with cancer before age 15 years between 1940 and 1991 in Britain and followed up until the end of 2006.Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and absolute excess risks (AERs).Overall, 3049 deaths were observed, which was 11 times the number expected (SMR, 10.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10.3-11.1). The SMR declined with follow-up but was still 3-fold higher than expected (95% CI, 2.5-3.9) 45 years from diagnosis. The AER for deaths from recurrence declined from 97 extra deaths (95% CI, 92-101) per 10,000 person-years at 5 to 14 years from diagnosis, to 8 extra deaths (95% CI, 3-22) beyond 45 years from diagnosis. In contrast, during the same periods of follow-up, the AER for deaths from second primary cancers and circulatory causes increased from 8 extra deaths (95% CI, 7-10) and 2 extra deaths (95% CI, 2-3) to 58 extra deaths (95% CI, 38-90) and 29 extra deaths (95% CI, 16-56), respectively. Beyond 45 years from diagnosis, recurrence accounted for 7% of the excess number of deaths observed while second primary cancers and circulatory deaths together accounted for 77%.Among a cohort of British survivors of childhood cancer, excess mortality from second primary cancers and circulatory diseases continued to occur beyond 25 years from diagnosis.
Renal dialysis and transplantation.
Authors: R C Aitken, C G Barrow
Journal: BMJ (1972)

if assumptions are made that there are ab- normally high frequencies of the fluoride or silent genes present in these groups.Assum- ing that only the usual (Elu) and atypical (Ela) genes are present, the observed (0) and expected (E) distributions of phenotypes by D.N. number are indicated in my Table.In both patient groups there appears to be selection of marked degree, apparently in favour of heterozygotes or against homozy- gotes.The abnormally high frequency of the Ela gene suggests that the selection is largely against the atypical homozygotes.On this basis the real frequency of this gene in leprosy patients may be much higher than the data suggest.One can merely speculate on the nature of the selection involved but analysis of the data in respect of age of the patients and severity of their disease seems warranted.-I
Pulmonary Embolization Following Urethrography with an Oily Medium
Authors: Aaron Hardy Ulm, Ely C. Wagshul
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

INJURIOUS reactions resulting from the installation of oily radiopaque substances into the urethra for radiologic purposes have been reported by a number of observers. Crabtree1 collected 27 such reactions, including 4 with fatal outcome. Additional reactions have been reported by Forbes and Cordonnier,2 Fazekas,3 Scheele,4 Ball and Pelz5 and Morelli-Gualtierotti.6 All observers have warned that reactions are more likely to occur when there is an antecedent acute urethritis, a recent traumatic urethral instrumentation or a forceful injection of the contrast medium. Reactions are of two kinds: an anaphylactic response to a foreign substance; and a mechanical response to the particulate . . .
Measuring Height in Osteoporosis
Authors: R. F. HERNDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1986Measuring Height in OsteoporosisR. F. HERNDON, M.D.R. F. HERNDON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-3-462_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The editorial in the June issue concerning screening bone mass measurements in women (1) leads me to agree that in the real world of clinical medicine, such measurements are unreal, self-seeking, or both.I practice general medicine and from February 1985 through June 1986, I have on 3300 separate office visits measured patient height. The nurse does this when the weight is taken. In 18 women, the observed height led to a change in treatment (for osteoporosis), and I filled out a form documenting this (no men made this distinction). The 18 women were aged 52 to...Reference1. OTT S. Should women get screening bone mass measurements [Editorial]? Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:817-23. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHeight loss with advancing age in a hospitalized population of Polish men and women: magnitude, pattern and associations with mortalityHeight loss predicts subsequent hip fracture in men and women of the Framingham Study 1 September 1986Volume 105, Issue 3Page: 462-462KeywordsBoneNursesOsteoporosis Issue Published: 1 September 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Review of the Surgery of the Peritoneum: Read before the Pathological Society of Reading, October 21st, 1896
Authors: F. Treves
Journal: BMJ (1896)

Lecturer on Surgery at, the London Hospital.GENTLEMEN,-I will, with your permission, restrict the sub- ject of this address to a brief review of certain prominent circumstances in abdominal surgery, especially in so far as they concern the peritoneum.
Celiprolol augments the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure
Authors: Mikko Pietilä, Kimmo Malminiemi, Risto Huupponen, Juha Rouru, Kari Pulkki, Erkki Pere, Liisa‐Maria Voipio‐Pulkki
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration with or without flow cytometry for the diagnosis of primary pancreatic lymphoma – a case series
Authors: M. Khashab, M. Mokadem, J. DeWitt, R. Emerson, S. Sherman, J. LeBlanc, L. McHenry, A. Al-Rashdan, M. Al-Haddad
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

The role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) with flow cytometry for the diagnosis of primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) has not been previously described. Our aims were to describe the EUS features of PPL and the role of EUS-FNA with and without flow cytometry in the diagnosis of 16 patients. When EUS-FNA with flow cytometry was compared with EUS-FNA without flow cytometry, the sensitivities for diagnosing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were 84.6 % versus 30.8 %, respectively (P = 0.01). EUS-FNA with flow cytometry is a valuable tool to diagnose PPL. Flow cytometry analysis complements traditional assessment by standard cytology.