tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory screening for sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: O. Oldenburg, B. Lamp, D. Horstkotte
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

An 86-yr-old female with lymphangioleiomyomatosisTo the Editors:In the paper by JOHNSON [1] on lymphangioleiomyomatosis, he describes the typical patient being female and of child-bearing age.Although patients outside this age range have been described, the oldest recorded in the recently reported National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute registry was aged 76 yrs, the mean age of onset being 38.9 yrs [2].We wish to report a case of lymphangioleiomyomatosis in an 86-yr-old female who presented with acute breathlessness on a background of increasing dyspnoea over a 3-yr period.She had been told that she had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2 yrs prior to this presentation, despite having never smoked.At the time of admission she was taking regular nebulised salbutamol but no other respiratory medications.She had
Competition between lidocaine and one of its metabolites, glycylxylidide, for cardiac sodium channels.
Authors: P B Bennett, R L Woosley, L M Hondeghem
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The modulated receptor hypothesis states that sodium channels have a specific receptor for antiarrhythmic drugs. Therefore, two agents that block sodium channels by binding to this receptor are expected to compete for occupancy. Glycylxylidide (GX) is a deethylated metabolite of lidocaine that accumulates in patients on lidocaine therapy. In single, voltage-clamped cardiocytes, GX, like lidocaine, blocked cardiac sodium channels in a use-dependent manner. However, its kinetics of recovery from block were markedly different from lidocaine: at potentials between -80 and -100 mV, GX-blocked channels recovered faster and more completely than lidocaine-blocked channels but recovered more slowly at more negative potentials (-120 to -140 mV). If lidocaine and GX compete for a common receptor, then there are conditions in which addition of a "faster" drug to a "slower" drug will produce less block than the slower drug alone. At potentials between -120 and -140 mV, addition of GX (slower drug) to lidocaine always increased the level of block, but addition of lidocaine to GX decreased the block in four of nine experiments and did not increase it in three of nine experiments. Conversely, at potentials between -80 and -100 mV, addition of lidocaine (slower drug) to GX always increased block, whereas addition of GX to lidocaine reduced the level of block in five of 16 experiments and did not increase it in seven of 16 experiments. Thus, upon addition of more blocker, the sodium current increased in 36% of cases or did not decline in 76% of cases. These results can be explained by the modulated receptor hypothesis with two drugs competing for the same receptor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
P160 Turning round lung cancer care in liverpool: a 15-year audit
Authors: A. Nazir, T. A. Aljemmali, S. M. Kazmi, D. Nazareth, K. Mohan, C. Smyth, M. Ledson, M. Walshaw
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Liverpool has the highest incidence of lung cancer in England and Wales, and a citywide audit in 1996 identified significant deficiencies in the secondary care sector management of suspected cases. As a result of this, major reforms were made to benefit the majority of Liverpool residents in 1999, including the collaboration of competing hospitals to provide a unified service, a dedicated one stop rapid access clinic with same-day CT and bronchoscopy facilities, the employment of lung cancer specialist nurses, and parallel clinics for speedy onward referral. We have continued to refine this service, the largest in the region, and wished to compare outcomes to date. <h3>Methods</h3> We compared the results of the service at three time points: at the 1996 audit, immediately after the inception of the service in 2001 and in 2010. <h3>Results</h3> The results are summarised in the Abstract P160 table 1. In addition by 2010, two thirds had CT and bronchoscopy (6 EBUS) on the same day as their rapid access clinic appointment, and 48 underwent EBUS (mean wait 5 days). The average waiting time for PET scan in 2010 was 10 days. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study confirms that the care of lung cancer patients in Liverpool has improved since the introduction of these new services, which we encourage other units to emulate.
Science, Statistics, and Deception
Authors: JOHN C. BAILAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Some common scientific practices cannot quite be called lying, though they are potentially, and sometimes deliberately, deceptive. Some examples are the failure to explain to readers all the weaknesses in data, statistical testing of post hoc hypotheses, fragmentary or selective reporting of findings, and reporting as "negative" a study that had insufficient chance of detecting an effect. The first step toward controlling potential problems is a redefinition of ethical standards to bar readily avoidable as well as deliberate deception. Other remedies include substantially greater restraint in the use of questionable practices, full disclosure and justification each time these practices are used, and greater skepticism by readers. Pressures to publish tend to promote deception. A broadened concept of ethical standards in science should be reflected in training programs and in the structure of scientific rewards, including a sharply reduced emphasis on publication as an end in itself.
Risk Factors and Clinical Presentation of Acute Primary HIV Infection in India
Authors: Robert C. Bollinger
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Most previous studies of clinical presentation and risk factors in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have relied on retrospective analyses and referred seroconverters, and thus were subject to possible bias.To apply a method based on measurement of prevalent HIV-1 p24 antigenemia for identification of risk factors for newly acquired HIV infection and to describe the signs and symptoms of acute HIV infection.Nested case-control study in Pune, India.HIV antibody-negative persons attending 2 sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics between May 1993 and June 1996.Prevalent p24 antigenemia, risk factors for HIV infection, and clinical symptoms of acute primary HIV infection.Of 3874 HIV antibody-negative persons tested, 58 (1.5%) were p24 antigen positive at initial presentation to the clinics. Unprotected sexual contact with a commercial sex worker (CSW) was reported by 39 (77%) of the 51 p24 antigenemic men, compared with 131 (51 %) of 255 control men (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-9.6; P=.02). The presence of an active genital ulcer at the time of screening was found in 46 (79%) of the 58 p24 antigenemic men and women, compared with 137 (47%) of the 290 control subjects (AOR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.0-9.0; P<.001). Signs and symptoms independently associated with p24 antigenemia in HIV antibody-seronegative persons included fever, which was reported by 28 (48%) of the 58 p24 antigenemic subjects, but only 52 (18%) of the 290 control subjects (AOR, 4.7; 95% CI, 2.4-9.0; P<.001). Joint pain was reported by 10% of subjects recently HIV infected, compared with 2% of the control subjects (AOR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.7-24.8; P=.006). Night sweats were reported by 9% of the p24 antigenemic, but only 1% of the control subjects (AOR, 9.1; 95% CI, 1.7-47.6; P=.009). Overall, fever, joint pain, and/or night sweats were reported in 27 (47%) of the 58 subjects with recent HIV infection.This systematic case-control study of p24 antigen screening in HIV-seronegative patients attending STD clinics in India identified unprotected sex with a CSW and a genital ulcer as independent risk factors associated with newly acquired HIV infection. In addition, p24 antigen positivity identified recent fever, night sweats, and arthralgias as symptoms that may be predictive of recent HIV infection. In a study of patients attending STD clinics in India, screening for p24 antigen in HIV antibody-negative persons was found to be a reliable and effective research method for determining recent risk behavior and identifying clinical signs of acute primary HIV infection.
Scleroderma and Mosquitos
Authors: Daniel S. J. Choy
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A patient of mine with skin biopsy-proven scleroderma reports an interesting observation. During the summer of 1973, when there was a heavy influx of mosquitos in her section of Queens, NY, she alone, among her family and friends, was totally immune from mosquito bites. Of further interest is her family history: Her sister and mother both have the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, with hyperelastic skin, hyperextendable joints, bossing of the skull, and "cigaret-paper" scars of the knees and forehead. Her mother is the offspring of a first-cousin marriage. Karyotyping of all three individuals failed to reveal any gross chromosomal abnormalities.
Kinetics of Soluble Mesothelin in Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma during Treatment
Authors: Bogdan D. Grigoriu, Bachar Chahine, Anil Vachani, Thomas Gey, Massimo Conti, Daniel H. Sterman, Genevieve Marchandise, Henri Porte, Steven M. Albelda, Arnaud Scherpereel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<MATERIAL AND METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
NOTES ON SMALLPOX.
Authors: S. L. JEPSON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

I can not believe that there are many physicians who any longer entertain a doubt as to the genuineness of the mild smallpox that has prevailed to so general an extent during the past two years. The many valuable papers on this subject recently printed inThe Journalshould convince even Dr. Happel, whom we may honor as the leader of the doubters, and whose papers have no doubt led many inexperienced physicians into error. Having served for eleven years as Health Officer of Wheeling, and observed several hundred cases of smallpox of every possible variety, and through a period of nearly thirty years, I wish to give my opinion, in the most emphatic way possible, that our recent smallpox, of which this city has had about eighty cases, was no new disease. In every outbreak of smallpox extremely mild cases occur, cases that are atypical and calculated to deceive
Diabetes in Rhode Island: A Statewide Registry
Authors: Jason Weisfeld
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read the MEDICAL NEWS item concerning a study of "Early Onset Diabetes in North Dakota" (1983;249:329). As part of the Centers for Disease Control national network of 20 statewide diabetes control programs, the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDH) has an active statewide registry of new onset and known cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Since 1979, the RIDH program has collected descriptive epidemiologic data from chart reviews and physician-patient interviews on more than 600 hospitalized patients (&gt;1,100 admissions) with their diabetes diagnosed before age 30 years. A recent publication' summarizes first-year analyses of the registry data. The registry has facilitated multiple epidemiologic studies related to complications associated with IDDM. Computerization of the data base allows for easy referral of patients to the Diabetes Outpatient Education (DOE) project sponsored by the RIDH. The goal of the DOE project is a reduction of diabetes-related hospitalizations through improvement
Time Trends in Severe Head Injuries Among Elderly Finns
Authors: Pekka Kannus
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia: Evidence for redistribution of platelet antibodies into the circulation after immunoadsorption treatment
Authors: G.C. Leitner, G. Stiegler, M. Horvath, P. Hoecker, P. Sagaster, S. Panzer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Platelet antibodies are detectable in only about 50% of patients with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP). We determined platelet antibodies against GPIa/IIa, GPIb/IX, GPIIb/IIIa, and GPV and reticulated platelets in three female patients with AITP, before and after immunoadsorption treatment. None of the three patients' sera contained platelet antibodies prior to treatment. Thereafter, anti‐GPIIb/IIIa, anti‐GPIb/IX ( n = 3), and anti‐GPV ( n = 1) were detectable in the patients' sera. These antibody specificities were also found in the eluates from the immunoadsorption columns. Only one patient had elevated levels of reticulated platelets. Immunoadsorption treatment did not induce a sustained increase of platelet counts in any patient. Immunoadsorption treatment in AITP can induce redistribution of antibodies into the circulation. Am. J. Hematol. 73:44–47, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
WHO insists it can meet its target for antiretrovirals by 2005
Authors: Fiona Fleck
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A huge international effort is under way to get lifesaving anti-retroviral treatment to three million people with AIDS in poor countries by the end of 2005, said the World Health Organization, but added that its six month campaign had fallen short of interim targets,.

In all, 400 000 AIDS patients in developing countries were receiving antiretrovirals when WHO launched its “3 by 5 strategy.” That figure has edged up to 440 000, said WHO's progress report, presented at the international AIDS conference this week.

“Although this was disappointing, the absolute increase of 40,000 people in a few months does …
Minimising harm from hepatitis C virus needs better strategies
Authors: N. Crofts
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Hepatitis C virus and HIV are both blood borne, and infection may occur in injecting drug users, transmitted by sharing contaminated needles and syringes. Despite extensive harm reduction programmes in Australia, hepatitis C virus continues to spread among injecting drug users, but HIV does not, partly because the prevalence of hepatitis C virus has been high among injecting drug users in Australia since at least 1971, whereas that of HIV, present only from around 1982, has remained low.1

Hepatitis C virus has a higher average …
What is mortality denominator?
Authors: G. D. Tolan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Sandblom and colleagues state: “In a Cox proportional hazard analysis, the hazard ratio for death from prostate cancer was 1.23 (0.94 to 1.62; P=0.13) and 1.58 (1.06 to 2.36; P=0.024) after adjustment for age at start of the study.”1

Does the hazard ratio of 1.23 mean that being assigned to the uninvited group increases prostate cancer mortality …
Propofol-induced acute toxic hepatitis after brief sedation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: F. Polo-Romero, P. Paricio, A. Tovar, J. Alonso
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently one of the most important tools for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic and biliary diseases. Propofol is increasingly used for safe sedation in ERCP [1] [2]. Despite its demonstrated safety, propofol has been associated with cases of severe side effects such as pancreatitis [3] or hepatitis [4].
IMMUNITY THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE UNDERLYING ALL TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: LAWRENCE FLICK
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The principles underlying the treatment of disease have in the past been matters of speculation only. What was known to do good had been found to do so empirically, and was handed down from one generation to another in the most dogmatic way. With the birth of the germ theory of disease speculation gave way to exact science, and it became possible to base plans of treatment upon rational theories. In the light of the germ theory of disease, immunity becomes the fundamental principle underlying all treatment of those diseases which are due to living organisms. The usefulness of a plan of treatment must therefore be predicated upon what it will contribute toward maintaining or bringing about immunity. Certain axioms can be formulated out of our present clinical and laboratory knowledge of germ diseases. These are: 1. That all germ diseases are due to parasitic life of living organisms. 2.
General Medical Council accuses hospital trust's medical director of dishonesty
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The former medical director of a hospital trust stands accused by the General Medical Council of dishonesty or recklessness in signing a defence to a claim of negligence against the trust over a patient’s death 14 years ago.

The GMC alleges that Gerard Murphy, who was medical director at North Cheshire Hospitals NHS Trust at the time, knew that an assertion in the defence that the patient’s illness had been correctly diagnosed was untrue or failed to take steps to establish the truth of the defence.

The hearing concerns events after the death of …
Postmarketing Surveillance—Lack of Vigilance, Lack of Trust
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The sequence of normal recovery of excitability in the dog heart.
Authors: J A Abildskov
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The sequence with which 18 to 70 ventricular sites recovered excitability after normal excitation was determined in 15 dogs. At the epicardial level the recovery sequence was similar to that of normal activation. The sequence of excitation and recovery differed at the endocardium with some basal areas recovering excitability earlier than the apex despite later activation. Evidence of a normal epicardial to endocardial recovery sequence was also obtained. The findings are compatible with and provide a tentative explanation of some features of T waves in human body surface electrocardiograms.
Radiologic Diagnosis of Brain Death
Authors: Andrew Newberg
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atmospheric CO 2 Consequences of Heavy Dependence on Coal
Authors: Ralph M. Rotty
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Accurate and regular measurements of the concentration of C02 in the atmosphere during the past 20 years show an accelerating increase.Although clearing of tropical forests has released large amounts of carbon to the atmosphere, evidence is strong that a major contributor is the combustion of fossil fuels.Future energy demands of the world will require extensive further exploitation of fossil fuels, and pro- jections show that without major development of nonfossil fuel alternatives, the atmospheric concentration will double within the next 75 years.Four issues require serious attention.The developing countries will require vastly increased amounts of energy.Major efforts to develop suitable (inexpensive) nonfossil energy sources to meet at least a portion of this demand are required.The distribution of carbon released from fossil fuels and from other anthropogenic sources among the reservoirs of the carbon cycle must be better defined.Uncertainties regarding the effect of the increased concentration of C02 in the atmosphere on global climate must be reduced.Possible political and social responses to a substantial climate change must be studied in order to more fully understand all of the implication of increased atmospheric C02.
Mechanism of Induction and Suppression of Antiviral Immunity Directed by Virus-Derived Small RNAs in Drosophila
Authors: Roghiyh Aliyari, Qingfa Wu, Hong-Wei Li, Xiao-Hong Wang, Feng Li, Lance D. Green, Cliff S. Han, Wan-Xiang Li, Shou-Wei Ding
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)