tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULAR GLANDS OF THE NECK.
Authors: LEONARD FREEMAN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

In Colorado everything pertaining to tuberculosis is of such importance that I have no hesitation in presenting this subject for your consideration, particularly as it has not been previously discussed in this society-so far as I am aware. <h3>GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.</h3> The neck, as a whole, contains several hundred lymph glands, some of them superficial and some deep. Although their distribution is general, they exist principally in definite groups. Certain of these groups are particularly liable to tubercular disease, owing to their close connection with the entrance points of infection, such as the tonsils, teeth and pharynx. Chronic otitis, eczema of the scalp, ophthalmia, and various nasal troubles are also sources of infection, while in isolated instances germs may be deposited from the blood or ascend from the bronchial lymphatics. It is a progressive disease, one gland sooner or later infecting others, a point of importance in selecting a rational form
An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of syringocystadenoma papilliferum
Authors: O. Yamamoto, Y. Doi, T. Hamada, M. Hisaoka, Y. Sasaguri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary Background Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a benign hamartomatous tumour of the skin. The histogenesis of this tumour is still controversial. There have been few reports regarding immunohistochemical investigations using only a limited range of antibodies and ultrastructural studies on this rare tumour. Objectives To elucidate the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural properties of this tumour. Methods We investigated the immunohistological patterns of 12 different anticytokeratin (CK) antibodies and several other markers in five cases of this tumour, comparing them with the patterns in adult sweat glands. One of these cases was also evaluated ultrastructurally. Results The luminal columnar cells of the tumour were mostly positive for CK7 and more than 70% were positive for CK19. These cells showed the heterogeneous expression of CK1/5/10/14, CK14 and CK5/8. These patterns were also observed in the luminal cells in the secretory or the ductal portion of the adult sweat glands. The basal cuboidal cells of the tumour almost constantly expressed CK1/5/10/14, CK5/8, CK14 and CK7 (except for one case), similar to the patterns of basal cells in the transitional portion and myoepithelial cells in the sweat glands. However, the basal tumour cells expressed CK19 and vimentin heterogeneously, and α-smooth muscle actin focally (three cases). Ultrastructurally, the constituent epithelial cells were mainly divided into three types: luminal cells, basal cells and clear cells. The luminal tumour cells bore features of the secretory or ductal luminal cells of sweat glands, although they were somewhat immature in appearance. The basal tumour cells were fundamentally basaloid in nature. The clear cells were undifferentiated or primitive in appearance, suggesting stem or progenitor cell properties. Transitional forms between the clear cells and the other two cell types were also identified. Conclusions The tumour epithelium was composed of several cell types demonstrating various developmental stages from the primitive clear cells to the basal cells demonstrating a tendency to differentiate toward basal cells in the apocrine transitional portion or myoepithelial lineage, or luminal cells toward the ductal or secretory epithelium. These results support the classical concept that syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a hamartomatous tumour that arises from pluripotent cells.
Abstract 1757: Gelfoam® histoculture enables cancer cells to mimic <i>in vivo</i> cell cycle behavior.
Authors: Shuya Yano, Sumiyuki Mii, Yasunori Tome, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Fuminari Uehara, Shinji Miwa, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Tumors in vivo are well known to behave quite differently from cancer cells cultured on plastic or glass plates (monolayer culture). Therefore, cancer cell-cycle kinetics were visualized in Gelfoam® 3D-histoculture using HeLa cells and MKN45 cells expressing fluorescence ubiquitination cell cycle indicator (FUCCI), whereby quiescent cancer cells express mKusabira-Orange fluorescent protein (red) and proliferating cells express mAzami-Green fluorescent protein (green). Gelfoam® histoculture of FUCCI-expressing cancer cells results in tumor-like structures with quiescent cancer cells in the center and proliferating cells at the surface, similar to what occurs in vivo as visualized by FUCCI confocal microscopy. These results have profound implications for cell cycle studies, since most cellular and molecular studies of the cancer cell cycle are performed on plastic monolayer culture where characteristics of the cells may be quite different from the tumor in vivo. Citation Format: Shuya Yano, Sumiyuki Mii, Yasunori Tome, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Fuminari Uehara, Shinji Miwa, Robert M. Hoffman. Gelfoam® histoculture enables cancer cells to mimic in vivo cell cycle behavior. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1757. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1757
Unsuspected Finding on a Gastric Emptying Study
Authors: ANDREW S. ROSENSON, ARI MINTZ, AMJAD ALI, ERNEST W. FORDHAM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A gastric emptying study was performed for evaluation of nausea and vomiting in a 74-year-old woman with diabetes. The images suggested a diagnosis of hiatal hernia and, therefore, a barium study was done.
Electronics, clinicians, and the NHS
Authors: G. Kelly
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Information in practice pp 875, 878 

Clinicians in the United Kingdom are accustomed to false dawns in the technology and management of clinical information, but, for once, real change might happen. In this issue (p 875) Keen and Wyatt discuss the changes in electronic networking and the errors that were made before clinicians got their hands on the process.1 Fortunately, not only is the network changing, but so are its associated technologies.

Clinicians need the network to carry the electronic patient record and at last we can visualise both the possible shape of the record and how it might work for us. This accessible, private, active record is a great prize, but gaining that prize is hard. In terms of clinical informatics, the NHS now faces the task of moving from information islands of varying quality to a congruent linked community where data can move freely and be used to create helpful knowledge for clinicians beyond the capabilities of any paper record.

As a backdrop, we have the bullish approach of governments with the information management …
High-Altitude Flights and Risk of Cardiac Disease-Reply
Authors: Richard O. Cummins
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Wick states my answer contains an important misstatement: apparently the comment that "during flight the pilot may increase the cabin altitude to almost 9000 ft due to weather conditions or other aircraft in the vicinity of the flight plan." Despite Dr Wick's reassurances that Federal Aviation Administration regulations prohibit aircraft from operating at a cabin altitude greater than 8000 ft above sea level, at least two studies<sup>1,2</sup>have observed otherwise. Aldrete and Aldrete<sup>1</sup>measured ambient oxygen concentrations and cabin altitudes during 22 commercial flights (707 and DC-9 aircraft). Peak cabin altitudes on these flights measured between 6050 and 8450 ft. Oxygen concentrations varied from 20.9% (sea level) to 15.4% (37 000-ft cruising altitude). Cottrell<sup>2</sup>measured cabin altitude on 204 commercial flights on 16 types of aircraft, operated by 28 airlines. Cabin altitudes measured as high as 8915 ft. Though the median cabin altitude in
Reduction of azo dyes and nitroaromatic compounds by bacterial enzymes from the human intestinal tract.
Authors: F Rafii, C E Cerniglia
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Several anaerobic bacteria from the human intestinal tract are capable of reducing azo dyes and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the corresponding aromatic amines with enzymes that have azoreductase and nitroreductase activities. The majority of bacteria with these activities belong to the genera Clostridium and Eubacterium. The azoreductases and nitroreductases from three Clostridium strains and one Eubacterium strain were studied. Both enzymes were produced constitutively in each of the bacteria; the enzymes from various bacteria had different electrophoretic mobilities. The azoreductases from all of the bacteria had immunological homology, as was evident from the cross-reactivity of an antibody raised against the azoreductase of C. perfringens with azoreductases from other bacteria. Comparison of azoreductases and nitroreductases showed that they both had identical electrophoretic mobilities on polyacrylamide gels and reacted with the antibody against the azoreductase from C. perfringens. Furthermore, the nitroaromatic compounds competitively inhibited the azoreductase activity. The data indicate that the reduction of both nitroaromatic compounds and azo dyes may be carried out by the same enzyme, which is possibly a flavin adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase that is synthesized throughout the cell and not associated with any organized subcellular structure.
A NEW OINTMENT BASE.
Authors: C. F. H. VICKERS, I. B. SNEDDON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1961)

Journal Article A NEW OINTMENT BASE. Get access C. F. H. VICKERS, M.D., M.R.C.P.(Lond.), M.R.C.P.(ED.), C. F. H. VICKERS, M.D., M.R.C.P.(Lond.), M.R.C.P.(ED.) The Rupert Hallam Department of Dermatology, Sheffield Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. B. SNEDDON, M.B., E.R.C.P. I. B. SNEDDON, M.B., E.R.C.P. The Rupert Hallam Department of Dermatology, Sheffield Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 73, Issue 10, 1 October 1961, Pages 376–377, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1961.tb14400.x Published: 01 October 1961
On the meaning and function of normative analysis: Conceptual blur in the rationality debate?
Authors: David R. Mandel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The rationality debate centers on the meaning of deviations of decision makers' responses from the predictions/prescriptions of normative models. But for the debate to have significance, the meaning and functions of normative analysis must be clear. Presently, they are not, and the debate's persistence owes much to conceptual blur. An attempt is made here to clarify the concept of normative analysis.
Role of Kupffer cells in arresting circulating tumor cells and controlling metastatic growth in the liver
Authors: L G Bayon, M A Izquierdo, I Sirovich, N van rooijen, R H Beelen, S Meijer
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Metastasis to the liver is a common event in clinical oncology. Blood-borne tumor cells (TCs) arriving to the liver sinusoids run into a special vascular bed. The lining of liver sinusoids is shared by Kupffer cells (KCs) and endothelial cells. KCs, liver-fixed macrophages, are responsible for detection and removal of “non-self” particles. To investigate their role in arresting blood-borne TCs and controlling tumor growth, we injected a syngeneic colon carcinoma cell line into a mesenteric vein of two groups of rats; one group was without Kupffer cells and the other normal controls. We removed the liver of these animals at different time intervals and performed immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against our tumor cell line, three macrophage subpopulations, natural killer cells, and B and T lymphocytes. Additionally, we showed in vitro spontaneous cytotoxicity of KCs against our tumor cell line. Results suggest that KCs play a relevant role in arresting circulating TCs at the liver sinusoid, although it is limited to a small number of malignant cells. They also seem to play a major role in clearing neoplastic cells from the liver parenchyma, in controlling tumor growth in the very early stages of metastatic development, and in modulating the host immune response to cancer cells.
112 THE VARIANT MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN GENOTYPE OF THE DONOR INFLUENCES THE EVOLUTION OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: D.C. Balderramo, C. Cervera, M. Pascal, J. Prieto, B. Suárez, F. Fuster, L. Linares, A. Moreno, F. Lozano, M. Navasa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Anticoagulants in Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: H. A. Fleming, S. M. Bailey
Journal: BMJ (1972)

given a preoperative medication such as diazepam?This would not interfere with their being discharged in the early after- noon.The availability of contact with the gynaecological house surgeon if needed be- fore subsequent appointments is a most reassuring facility.With the change in attitude by the lay public towards abortion it is a great pleasure to feel that genuine efforts are being made by members of the profession such as Dr. Lewis and her co-workers to minimize the mental and physical trauma inherent in this procedure.-I am, etc.,
The Development of the Infant and Young Child: Normal and Abnormal
Authors: E. T. Sproles
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Periodic revisions of authoritative works are often token, at best; however, the eighth edition of Dr Illingworth's guide to pediatric developmental assessment is an exception. Since the last edition in 1979, the book (first published in 1960) has undergone some notable changes, including a complete revision of the text, with the integration of information from 270 recent references and a rewriting of two chapters in entirety. Aspects of the book that ensure its continued usefulness to the practitioner relate directly to the author's sharing of his own approach to developmental assessment. Relying on more than 30 years of experience substantiated by extensive follow-up, Dr Illingworth emphasizes practicality and selectivity in the evaluative process. Believing that developmental assessment is an essential part of each pediatric evaluation, he strives to convince the primary care physician that reliable assessment can be accomplished in the office without special equipment or additional training. At the
QRS SCORE AT HOSPITAL DISCHARGE IS A STRONG PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Michael C. Tjandrawidjaja, Yuling Fu, Cynthia M. Westerhout, Galen S. Wagner, Christopher B. Granger, Paul W. Armstrong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Allelic Loss of Chromosome 18q and Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jin Jen, Hoguen Kim, Steven Piantadosi, Zong-Fan Liu, Roy C. Levitt, Pertti Sistonen, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Bert Vogelstein, Stanley R. Hamilton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Colorectal cancer occurs in approximately 150,000 people each year in the United States. Prognostic assessment influences the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, including decisions about adjuvant therapy. We evaluated chromosome 18q allelic loss, a genetic event associated with tumor progression, as a prognostic marker for this disease.
Jejunal morphological characteristics in South Vietnamese residents
Authors: E. J. Colwell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Measurements of villus dimensions were made on jejunal mucosal biopsy specimens from 16 Vietnamese residents of the Mekong River delta of the Republic of Vietnam and from 13 North Americans who were asymptomatic and had no history of previous tropical exposure. There were marked differences between the two populations with respect to villus dimensions and histological characteristics of jejunal mucosa. Differences between the arithmetic means of all dimensions in the two groups were statistically highly significant.
Influence of hemodynamic forces on vascular endothelial function. In vitro studies of shear stress and pinocytosis in bovine aortic cells.
Authors: P F Davies, C F Dewey, S R Bussolari, E J Gordon, M A Gimbrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The relationships between fluid shear stress, a physiologically relevant mechanical force in the circulatory system, and pinocytosis (fluid-phase endocytosis) were investigated in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells using a specially designed apparatus. Continuous exposure to steady shear stresses (1-15 dyn/cm2) in laminar flow stimulated time- and amplitude-dependent increases in pinocytotic rate which returned to control levels after several hours. After 48 h continuous exposure to steady shear stress, removal to static conditions also resulted in a transient increase in pinocytotic rate, suggesting that temporal fluctuations in shear stress may influence endothelial cell function. Endothelial pinocytotic rates remained constant during exposure to rapidly oscillating shear stress at near physiological frequency (1 Hz) in laminar flow. In contrast, however, a sustained elevation of pinocytotic rate occurred when cells were subjected to fluctuations in shear stress amplitude (3-13 dyn/cm2) of longer cycle time (15 min), suggesting that changes in blood flow of slower periodicity may influence pinocytotic vesicle formation. As determined by [3H]thymidine autoradiography, neither steady nor oscillating shear stress stimulated the proliferation of confluent endothelial cells. These observations indicate that: (a) alterations in fluid shear stress can significantly influence the rate of formation of pinocytotic vesicles in vascular endothelial cells, (b) this process is force- and time-dependent and shows accommodation, (c) certain patterns of fluctuation in shear stress result in sustained elevation of pinocytotic rate, and (d) shear stresses can modulate endothelial pinocytosis independent of growth stimulation. These findings are relevant to (i) transendothelial transport and the metabolism of macromolecules in normal endothelium and (ii) the role of hemodynamic factors in the localization of atherosclerotic lesions in vivo.
Ga-67 Cardiac Uptake
Authors: DOROTHY S. LIN, RAYMOND E. TIPTON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

A case of positive Ga-67 image due to tuberculous pericarditis is presented. The pattern and distribution of the uptake suggested that the concentration of the activity was mainly in the inflamed pericardium. The known causes of Ga-67 cardiac uptake were reviewed, and a differential diagnosis is given.
Hypertension, White Matter Hyperintensities, and Concurrent Impairments in Mobility, Cognition, and Mood
Authors: Ihab Hajjar, Lien Quach, Frances Yang, Paulo H.M. Chaves, Anne B. Newman, Kenneth Mukamal, Will Longstreth, Marco Inzitari, Lewis A. Lipsitz
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Our objective was to investigate the association between hypertension and concurrent impairments in mobility, cognition, and mood; the role of brain white matter hyperintensities in mediating this association; and the impact of these impairments on disability and mortality in elderly hypertensive individuals.-Blood pressure, gait speed, digit symbol substitution test, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale were measured yearly (1992-1999) on 4700 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (age: 74.7, 58% women, 17% blacks, 68% hypertension, 3600 had brain magnetic resonance imaging in 1992-1993, survival data 1992-2005). Using latent profile analysis at baseline, we found that 498 (11%) subjects had concurrent impairments and 3086 (66%) were intact on all 3 measures. Between 1992 and 1999, 651 (21%) became impaired in all 3 domains. Hypertensive individuals were more likely to be impaired at baseline (odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.42, P=0.01) and become impaired during the follow-up (hazard ratio=1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.66, P=0.037). A greater degree of white matter hyperintensities was associated with impairments in the 3 domains (P=0.007) and mediated the association with hypertension (P=0.19 for hypertension after adjusting for white matter hyperintensities in the model, 21% hazard ratio change). Impairments in the 3 domains increased subsequent disability with hypertension (P<0.0001). Hypertension mortality also was increased in those impaired (compared with unimpaired hypertensive individuals: HR=1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.17, P=0.004).Hypertension increases the risk of concurrent impairments in mobility, cognition, and mood, which increases disability and mortality. This association is mediated in part by microvascular brain injury.
Aldosterone Inhibition in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction—Reply
Authors: Frank Edelmann, Rolf Wachter, Burkert Pieske
Journal: JAMA (2013)

In Reply We agree that exercise stress testing may enhance diagnostic accuracy in HF with preserved EF; however, there is a lack of standardized protocols and validation. Whether an exercise stress test is superior to a standard diagnostic approach requires further research.
A Physiologic Approach to Renal Scintigraphy Application to Evaluation of Hypertension
Authors: SOPHIE TURPIN, RAYMOND LAMBERT, ALAIN MILOT, RAYMOND TAILLEFER, JEAN LEVEILLE, BERNARD LEFEBVRE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The aim of this study was to define the use of the triple radiopharmaceutical renal study (TRRS) for renal scintigraphy as a physiological tool for renal evaluation, and to determine if the sensitivity and/or specificity of a renal study for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (RVH) could be improved by the combination of three radiopharmaceuticals (i.e., I-131 OIH, Tc-99m DTPA, and Tc-99m glucoheptonate). One hundred ninety-five patients with suspected RVH underwent TRRS, standard Tc-99m DTPA renal studies, and renal angiography. One hundred eighty-nine patients were hypertensive and ischemic nephropathy was suspected in six. Ninety-one, including three patients with ischemic nephropathy, had a renal artery stenosis of 70% or more (66 unilateral, 25 bilateral). Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (from plasma clearance of I-131 OIH and Tc-99m DTPA), and geometric renal masses (from Tc-99m glucoheptonate study) were compared to normal values corrected for body surface, to determine the severity of renal dysfunction. For the TRSS, RVH criteria included: 1) differential Tc-99m DTPA function minus differential Tc-99m glucoheptonate function of affected kidney ( < -5% or > 5%) and 2) functional parameters: ERPF = 1.6-2.0 ml/g/minute, GFR = 0.25-0.4 ml/g/minute, and filtration fraction (i.e., GFR/ERPF = 0.15-0.20) on the affected side.