tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the acute effects of salbutamol and terbutaline on heart rate variability in adult asthmatic patients
Authors: B. Eryonucu, K. Uzun, N. Güler, M. Bilge
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

This study investigated the effects of β 2 -adrenergic agonist therapy on heart rate variability (HRV) in adult asthmatic patients by using frequency domain measures of HRV. A randomized crossover design was used. Twenty adult patients with asthma were studied. All patients showed a mild-to-moderate decrease in baseline forced expiratory volume in one second. Any diseases that might have influenced the autonomic function were excluded. All patients had a complete physical examination and medical history that revealed no cardiovascular disease or medication. The study used 200 µg inhaled salbutamol and 500 µg inhaled terbutaline. HRV analysis was performed for each 5-min segment, 5 min before inhalation of the study drug and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min after inhalation. Total power (TP: &lt;0.40 Hz), high-frequency power (HF: 0.15–0.40 Hz), low-frequency power (LF: 0.04–0.15 Hz) and LF/HF ratio were calculated. The LF and LF/HF ratio increased and TP decreased at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after the salbutamol and the terbutaline inhalation, HF did not change significantly after the salbutamol and terbutaline inhalation. Acute salbutamol and terbutaline inhalation produce similar effects on heart rate variability and increase sympathetic modulation in the cardiac autonomic activity.
Semuloparin reduced venous thromboembolism in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer
Authors: Russell D. Hull
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club19 June 2012Semuloparin reduced venous thromboembolism in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancerRussell D. Hull, MDRussell D. Hull, MDUniversity of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.D.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-02005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationAgnelli G, George DJ, Kakkar AK, et al. Semuloparin for thromboprophylaxis in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:601-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22335737Clinical Impact RatingsHematology: Oncology: Reference1 Akl EA, Schünemann HJ. Routine heparin for patients with cancer? One answer, more questions [Editorial]. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:661-2. [PMID: 22335745] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Russell D. Hull, MDAffiliations: University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (R.D.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 June 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPrimary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapyPrimary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 19 June 2012Volume 156, Issue 12Page: JC6-5KeywordsCancer chemotherapyCancer preventionChemotherapyClinical trialsHemorrhageLow molecular weight heparinMedical risk factorsNumber needed to treatSafetyVenous thromboembolism ePublished: 19 June 2012 Issue Published: 19 June 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Response of nasal mucosa to histamine or methacholine challenge: Use of a quantitative method to examine the modulatory effects of atropine and ipratropium bromide
Authors: Robert M. Naclerio, Fuad M. Baroody
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1992)

We huve developed a new technique for the direct local administration of test solutions to the nasal mucosa and for quantification of nasal secretory responses.This technique, a variation on several published reports of filter paper use, allows simple and rapid determination of drug efhects and,facilitates the analysis of ipsilateral and contralateral responses to local challenge or the nasal mucosa.We have used this technique to investigate the secretory responses of the nasal mucosa to methacholine and histamine and to determine the effects of atropine and ipratropium bromide (Atrovent nasal spray) on these secretor?, responses.iJ ALLERGY CLIZ IMMUNOL 1992;90:105/-4.)
The Lower Extremity and Spine in Sports Medicine
Authors: M. Mark Hoffer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This is a remarkable textbook. It will, I believe, become the classic sports medicine work. There are 64 well-respected authors for 46 chapters. Most authors are orthopedic surgeons, but there are also five basic scientists, three internists, eleven team physicians of major university or professional clubs, four physical therapists, two trainers, a podiatrist, a physical medicine specialist, and a veterinarian. The entire work is thorough and encyclopedic in approach, with clearly reproduced illustrations, mostly original, and complete references. Individual authors' approaches are clearly represented, but the editors have maintained an organized pattern throughout the text. There are six chapters on basic sciences, which summarize, as far as I can tell, the totality of knowledge in this area. The three chapters on therapeutics and rehabilitation represent a clear, well-illustrated approach. There are 11 chapters on the foot and ankle, and this area is so well organized that the material is thoroughly
THE TREATMENT OF SCARLET FEVER WITH ANTITOXIN
Authors: LUKE W. HUNT
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The most important factors in the management of scarlet fever are the early diagnosis of the disease and the administration of an adequate amount of scarlet fever antitoxin. If this is done, a favorable effect will be noted on the severity of the febrile stage of the disease, on the course and duration of the fever, on the intensity and duration of the skin lesions, and on the occurrence of complications. These statements are supported by numerous reports that have appeared in the literature during the last few years, and by a study of 2,303 cases of scarlet fever admitted to the Durand Hospital during the years 1924 to 1931 inclusive, in 882 of which scarlet fever antitoxin was administered. This study deals with the last group. The antitoxin used was commercial concentrated and refined serum, standardized by means of skin tests in susceptible persons. One therapeutic dose (sufficient antitoxin
Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Transplant Candidates Supported With Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: Omar Wever-Pinzon, Stavros G. Drakos, Abdallah G. Kfoury, Jose N. Nativi, Edward M. Gilbert, Melanie Everitt, Rami Alharethi, Kim Brunisholz, Feras M. Bader, Dean Y. Li, Craig H. Selzman, Josef Stehlik
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Survival of patients on left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) has improved. We examined the differences in risk of adverse outcomes between LVAD-supported and medically managed candidates on the heart transplant waiting list.We analyzed mortality and morbidity in 33,073 heart transplant candidates registered on the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) waiting list between 1999 and 2011. Five groups were selected: patients without LVADs in urgency status 1A, 1B, and 2; patients with pulsatile-flow LVADs; and patients with continuous-flow LVADs. Outcomes in patients requiring biventricular assist devices, total artificial heart, and temporary VADs were also analyzed. Two eras were defined on the basis of the approval date of the first continuous-flow LVAD for bridge to transplantation in the United States (2008). Mortality was lower in the current compared with the first era (2.1%/mo versus 2.9%/mo; P<0.0001). In the first era, mortality of pulsatile-flow LVAD patients was higher than in status 2 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.15; P<0.0001) and similar to that in status 1B patients (HR, 1.04; P=0.61). In the current era, patients with continuous-flow LVADs had mortality similar to that of status 2 (HR, 0.80; P=0.12) and lower mortality compared with status 1A and 1B patients (HR, 0.24 and 0.47; P<0.0001 for both comparisons). However, status upgrade for LVAD-related complications occurred frequently (28%) and increased the mortality risk (HR, 1.75; P=0.001). Mortality was highest in patients with biventricular assist devices (HR, 5.00; P<0.0001) and temporary VADs (HR, 7.72; P<0.0001).Mortality and morbidity on the heart transplant waiting list have decreased. Candidates supported with contemporary continuous-flow LVADs have favorable waiting list outcomes; however, they worsen significantly once a serious LVAD-related complication occurs. Transplant candidates requiring temporary and biventricular support have the highest risk of adverse outcomes. These results may help to guide optimal allocation of donor hearts.
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy Among Yup'ik Eskimos, 1987–1988
Authors: Neil J Murphy, Lisa R Bulkow, Cynthia D Schraer, Anne P Lanier
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE–To evaluate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy in Yup'ik Eskimos. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A retrospective review of consecutive birth-log data and medical records was conducted. Records were taken from the primary care and tertiary referral facilities in Alaska Area Native Health Service. Some 630 consecutive deliveries were reviewed from 1 March 1987 to 29 February 1988, with 25 excluded for ancestry other than Alaska Native. Another 605 Alaska Native patient charts were reviewed, with 545 Alaska Native patients screened for diabetes in pregnancy. The study population had a mean age of 25.6 yr, mean gravidity of 3.4, mean parity of 1.9, and mean birth weight of 3567 ± 493 g. RESULTS— Patients were screened with a 50-g glucose oral load with a plasma glucose 1 h later. 156 of 605 (25.7%) patients, with a screen ≥7.8 mM received a 100-g OGTT. Of 605, 35 (5.8%) patients met O'Sullivan criteria, and 2 of 605 (0.3%) patients met WHO criteria for previous diabetes mellitus, for a total 37 of 605 (6.1%) women with diabetes in pregnancy. The subjects who met O'Sullivan criteria had statistically greater mean age (29.9 yr), gravidity (4.9), parity (2.9), and birth weight of their infants (3678 ± 389 g), compared with women with a screen &amp;lt;7.8 mM. CONCLUSIONS— The prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy among Yup'ik Eskimos is twice the rate for the U.S. for all races, despite the Yup'ik having the lowest rate of diabetes mellitus among Alaska Natives. This may represent a large number of undiagnosed patients with impaired glucose tolerance, and may reflect the wide-spread dietary and life-style changes that have occurred in the Yup'ik in the last 30 yr. The Yup'ik present a unique opportunity to apply prevention techniques in a population with an emerging problem with glucose tolerance.
Stepwise Neoplastic Transformation of a Telomerase Immortalized Fibroblast Cell Line
Authors: Samantha Zongaro, Elisa de Stanchina, Tina Colombo, Maurizio D'Incalci, Elena Giulotto, Chiara Mondello
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract We have described recently a human fibroblast cell line immortalized through ectopic telomerase expression (cen3tel), in which the extension of the life span was associated with the appearance of chromosomal aberrations and with the ability to grow in the absence of solid support. As reported in this article, on further propagation in culture, cen3tel cells became neoplastically transformed, being able to form tumors in nude mice. The analysis of the cells, during the gradual transition toward the tumorigenic phenotype, allowed us to trace cellular and molecular changes associated with different phases of transformation. At the stage in which they were able to grow in agar, cen3tel cells had lost contact growth inhibition but still retained the requirement of serum to proliferate and were not tumorigenic in immunocompromised mice. Moreover, they showed a down-regulation of the INK4A locus and were resistant to oncogenic Ras-induced senescence but still retained a functional p53. Subsequently, cen3tel cells became tumorigenic, lost p53 function because of a mutation in the DNA-binding motif, and overexpressed c-myc. Interestingly, tumorigenic cells did not carry activating mutations either in the ras proto-oncogenes (H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras) or in B-raf. Cen3tel cells gradually became hyperdiploid but did not display centrosome abnormalities. To our knowledge, cen3tel is the first telomerase immortalized fibroblast line, which became neoplastically transformed. In this system, we could associate a down-regulation of the INK4A locus with anchorage-independent growth and with resistance to Ras-induced senescence and link p53 mutations and c-myc overexpression with tumorigenicity. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(24): 11411-8)
From the Authors
Authors: A Tazi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

alveolar macrophages [2], as well as from the pulmonary fibroblasts [3].Its action is basically opposed to that of TNF-a, which is a rather inflammatory cytokine [2].It is considered, as well as IL-4, a major IL in the T-helper cell type 2 immune response [4].Interestingly, IL-10 levels have been found to be high in rat tissues with pulmonary fibrosis, while in rats with IL-10 deficiency, the inflammatory response has been found to be more intense than in the wild animals [5].In in vitro studies, the addition of IL-10 in fibroblasts has lessened the expression of type 1 collagen, the production of which is stimulated by transforming growth factor-b [6].Those observations support the findings of BERGERON et al. [1], as well those from our own studies, that IL-10 might be an important target for future therapies, as well as a diagnostic tool.We think that investigating the interleukin-10 pathways and possible therapeutic uses might be important in discovering more about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and providing patients with a more effective treatment.Moreover, serum and tissue cytokine profiles might be important in this direction.
Sleep Paralysis and Nocturnal Seizure Disorder
Authors: Jerome M. Schneck
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  I was especially interested in the issue presented by Christopher L. Luck, MD, as Sleep Disturbance (1981;246:163) and the careful evaluation and response by the consultants, David A. Drachman, MD, and Sheldon Kapen, MD, who appropriately considered the possible diagnoses, sleep paralysis and seizure  The description by Dr Luck does indeed suggest sleep paralysis, as noted by the consultants. It is also understandable that they consider a nocturnal seizure disorder.  During the past 36 years I have encountered many patients with sleep paralysis, occurring rarely at times and with considerable frequency at others, and have published a number of articles about them, stressing descriptive and psychodynamic features 1 as well as evidence of sleep paralysis episodes in classic works of art and literature. A novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald is one example of the latter. 2 The phenomenon has long been encountered and given various names.
Activation of Vav/Rho GTPase Signaling by CXCL12 Controls Membrane-Type Matrix Metalloproteinase–Dependent Melanoma Cell Invasion
Authors: Rubén A. Bartolomé, Isabel Molina-Ortiz, Rafael Samaniego, Paloma Sánchez-Mateos, Xosé R. Bustelo, Joaquin Teixidó
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Melanoma cells express the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which confers invasive signals on binding to its ligand CXCL12. We show here that knocking down membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) expression translates into a blockade of invasion across reconstituted basement membranes and type I collagen gels in response to CXCL12, which is the result of lack of MMP-2 activation. Interference with MMP-2 expression further confirms its important role during this invasion. Vav proteins are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases that regulate actin dynamics and gene expression. We show that melanoma cells express Vav1 and Vav2, which are activated by CXCL12 involving Jak activity. Blocking Vav expression by RNA interference results in impaired activation of Rac and Rho by CXCL12 and in a remarkable inhibition of CXCL12-promoted invasion. Importantly, up-regulation of MT1-MMP expression by CXCL12, a mechanism contributing to melanoma cell invasion, is blocked by knocking down Vav expression or by inhibiting Jak. Together, these data indicate that activation of Jak/Vav/Rho GTPase pathway by CXCL12 is a key signaling event for MT1-MMP/MMP-2–dependent melanoma cell invasion. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(1): 248-58)
Ergotamine Poisoning Producing Renal Arterial Spasm
Authors: Michael S. Fedotin, Carl Hartman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

ALTHOUGH ergotamine poisoning is usually due to overdosage, toxic reactions may result from an innate sensitivity to small doses. In the following case of such sensitivity to ergotamine tartrate, renal-artery spasm was documented by arteriography.Case ReportA 40-year-old woman entered Duke Hospital on November 18, 1969, with cluster headaches and a 10-year history of intermittent hypertension.Physical examination revealed a thin woman with a blood pressure of 150/100 and a pulse of 106, with a regular rate. The right pupil was larger than the left (congenital) and funduscopic examination was negative. All pulses were palpable and strong, without peripheral . . .
Biological effects of targeted inactivation of hepatocyte growth factor-like protein in mice.
Authors: J A Bezerra, T L Carrick, J L Degen, D Witte, S J Degen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HGFL) is a liver-derived serum glycoprotein involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, and is proposed to have a fundamental role in embryogenesis, fertility, hematopoiesis, macrophage activation, and tissue repair. To assess the in vivo effects of total loss of HGFL, we generated mice with targeted disruption of the gene resulting in loss of the protein. Disruption of the HGFL gene allowed for normal embryogenesis, and followed a Mendelian pattern of genetic transmission. Mice homozygous for the targeted allele (HGFL-/- mice) are fertile, and grow to adulthood without obvious phenotypic abnormalities in unchallenged animals, except for development of lipid-containing cytoplasmic vacuoles in hepatocytes throughout the liver lobules. These histologic changes are not accompanied by discernible changes in synthetic or excretory hepatic functions. Hematopoiesis appears unaltered, and although macrophage activation is delayed in the absence of HGFL, migration to the peritoneal cavity upon challenge with thioglycollate was similar in HGFL-/- and wild-type mice. Challenged with incision to skin, HGFL-/- mice display normal wound healing. These data demonstrate that HGFL is not essential for embryogenesis, fertility, or wound healing. HGFL-deficient mice will provide a valuable means to assess the role of HGFL in hepatic and systemic responses to inflammatory and infectious stimuli in vivo.
Nasal cancer in woodworkers in the furniture industry.
Authors: E. D. Acheson, R. H. Cowdell, E. Hadfield, R. G. Macbeth
Journal: BMJ (1968)

A method is described which uses non-radioactive sodium chromate enriched with chromium-50 (50Cr) for the measure- ment of the red cell survival time.The chromium content of serial blood samples was measured by activation analysis and its rate of fall was used to calculate the T450Cr.There was good agreement between the Tj50Cr and the Tj51Cr, measured simultaneously.The method would allow simultaneous com- parison of the survival times of two different populations of red cells, using two erythrocyte labels which behaved identically.Other advantages and some disadvantages of the technique are discussed.
Prospective study of the G20210A polymorphism in the prothrombin gene, plasma prothrombin concentration, and incidence of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Aaron R. Folsom, Mary Cushman, Michael Y. Tsai, Susan R. Heckbert, Nena Aleksic
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Case–control studies have indicated increased risk of venous thrombosis associated with the prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism and with elevated plasma prothrombin levels. We sought to confirm these results in a prospective population‐based study of 21,690 persons. We measured G20210A and prothrombin antigen on pre‐event blood samples of 302 participants who developed venous thromboembolism (VTE) and 626 participants who remained free of VTE. Approximately 4.0% of cases and 2.4% of controls carried the G20210A polymorphism, but only one of 137 African Americans did. The odds ratio in whites was 1.87 (95% CI = 0.85, 4.11)—higher for those who reported a prior history of VTE (OR = 5.44) than those reporting no VTE history (OR = 1.41) and in those with idiopathic VTE (OR = 2.51) than those with secondary VTE (OR = 1.38). There was no association between venous thromboembolism and plasma prothrombin antigen level. We estimated that the G20210A polymorphism may account for approximately 2.5% of venous thromboembolism events in United States whites. Am. J. Hematol. 71:285–290, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional Correlates of Plasma Renin Activity in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: HARRIET P. DUSTAN, ROBERT C. TARAZI, EDWARD D. FROHLICH
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Correlates of peripheral plasma renin activity were studied in 31 normotensive subjects and 93 untreated hypertensive patients. The latter were grouped according to apparent type of hypertension: essential (58), renovascular (21), renal parenchymal disease (11), and primary aldosteronism (3). Plasma renin activity was inversely correlated with total blood and plasma volumes in normal men, men with essential hypertension, and patients with renal arterial stenosis; no correlations were found in normal and essential hypertensive women and patients with renal parenchymal disease. Serum sodium and potassium concentrations were significantly and inversely related to renin activity only in renovascular hypertension and not in the other hypertensive or normal groups. Relationships of plasma renin activity to arterial pressure and other hemodynamic functions were studied in hypertensive patients. Only in the renovascular group did diastolic pressure correlate positively and significantly, indicating participaton of the renal pressor system in this form of hypertension throughout a wide range of pressures. Cardiac index and left ventricular ejection rate were directly related to renin activity in essential hypertensive men and patients with renal arterial and parenchymal diseases. The data show that plasma renin activity in hypertensive patients should not be judged alone but along with factors modifying it.