tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Harmful HIV Carrier
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
European guidelines on hypertension more flexible than those in United States
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2004)

European experts in hypertension take a flexible approach to defining and treating high blood pressure, but the European and US guidelines are not really that far apart, said Dr Giuseppe Mancia, chairman of the department of medicine at the University of Milan-Bicocca. “The European goal is reduction of long term cardiovascular risk,” he said at the American Society of Hypertension meeting in New York last weekend.
Geriatrics? But Why?
Authors: WILLIAM R. HAZZARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Ad Libitum1 May 1987Geriatrics? But Why?WILLIAM R. HAZZARD, M.D.WILLIAM R. HAZZARD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-785_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1986 geriatrics and gerontology have come of age. This has not been the case for long, however, and when I made the choice to join the field in the 1970s—a gradual process, by the way—my decision always seemed to prompt the question, "Geriatrics? But why?".Therefore, being constantly reminded that those who asked wanted a concise answer, not a dissertation, preferably one that spoke to their value systems, I developed a series of answers. These answers seemed to satisfy those in the academic environment, both recently at Johns Hopkins and previously at The University of Washington.For my chairman... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byI Am a Geriatrician 1 May 1987Volume 106, Issue 5Page: 785-785KeywordsGeriatrics Issue Published: 1 May 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Thallium-201 Uptake by the Sternum
Authors: CHARLES M. INTENZO, ANIL G. DESAI, CHAN H. PARK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Thallium-201 imaging was performed in two patients for evaluation of coronary artery disease. In both cases, there was definite thallium activity within the sternum. One patient had proven sternal metastases from prostatic carcinoma. The other had undergone sternotomy for coronary artery bypass surgery one month prior to scanning, and the sternal thallium activity most likely represented healing granulation tissue secondary to the osteotomy. The mechanism of thallium incorporation into tumor cells is presumably via its interaction with the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. In addition, because of its blood-flow dependency, thallium would maintain greater availability for neoplastic cells, which demonstrate accelerated metabolic activity. Similarly, cells comprising tissue undergoing healing or repair conceivably become increasingly active metabolically during the repair process.
Mast Cell–Derived Prostaglandin D2 Inhibits Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer in Mice
Authors: Koichi Iwanaga, Tatsuro Nakamura, Shingo Maeda, Kosuke Aritake, Masatoshi Hori, Yoshihiro Urade, Hiroshi Ozaki, Takahisa Murata
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Compared with prostaglandin E2, which has an established role in cancer, the role of the COX metabolite prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) in chronic inflammation leading to tumorigenesis is uncertain. In this study, we investigated the role of PGD2 in colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) using genetically modified mice and an established model of inflammatory colon carcinogenesis. Systemic genetic deficiency in hematopoietic PGD synthase (H-PGDS) aggravated colitis and accelerated tumor formation in a manner associated with increased TNFα expression. Treatment with a TNFα receptor antagonist attenuated colitis regardless of genotype. Histologic analysis revealed that infiltrated mast cells strongly expressed H-PGDS in inflamed colons. Mast cell-specific H-PGDS deficiency also aggravated colitis and accelerated CAC. In contrast, treatment with a PGD2 receptor agonist inhibited colitis and CAC. Together, our results identified mast cell-derived PGD2 as an inhibitor of colitis and CAC, with implications for its potential use in preventing or treating colon cancer.
Random exercise stress test in diagnosing effort angina.
Authors: A Suyama, K Sunagawa, K Hayashida, M Sugimachi, K Todaka, Y Nose, M Nakamura
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To improve the performance of exercise stress testing in the diagnosis of effort angina while minimizing risks of serious complications, we evaluated an impulse response of ST changes, which is a transient ST response resulting from a hypothetical, strenuous-impulselike exercise, without actually imposing the strenuous load. To obtain the impulse response, subjects walked intermittently according to a computer-generated random binary sequence on a treadmill for 20 minutes (with a constant speed of 1.7 mph and a slope of 10%). We used Fourier transform for beat-to-beat changes in ST level and the binary sequence of exercise. We then determined the transfer function by taking the ratio of Fourier transformed ST level to exercise over the frequency range of 0.5 through 5.0 cycles/min. Converting the transfer function to the time domain yielded the impulse response of ST change. The subjects consisted of 49 patients (60 +/- 9 years) with effort angina, 13 patients with atypical chest pain (56 +/- 9 years), and 30 healthy, male volunteers (23 +/- 7 years). In 82 subjects (89%), the ST impulse response showed an initial depression followed by a smooth, gradual restoration toward the preexercise ST level (type I response). The average duration of the initial depression was 8 +/- 3 seconds in the healthy volunteers, whereas it was significantly prolonged to 23 +/- 14 seconds in effort angina (p less than 0.05). The depression in patients with atypical chest pain was not significantly different from that in the healthy volunteers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fluorine-18–Labeled Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Aortitis With Pulmonary Artery Involvement
Authors: Lisa Mielniczuk, Robert A. deKemp, Carole Dennie, Keiichiro Yoshinaga, Ian G. Burwash, Francois Bénard, Haissam Haddad, Donald S. Beanlands, Rob S.B. Beanlands
Journal: Circulation (2005)
391 ABSENCE OF INFLUENCE OF METABOLIC FACTORS ON DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND C
Authors: A.C. Cardoso, R.J. Carvalho-Filho, C. Stern, A. Dipumpo, N. Giuily, M.-P. Ripault, T. Asselah, C. Castelnau, N. Boyer, C.G. Figueiredo-Mendes, C. Zurita, P. Bedossa, P. Marcellin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
High expression of AID and active class switch recombination might account for a more aggressive disease in unmutated CLL patients: link with an activated microenvironment in CLL disease
Authors: Florencia Palacios, Pilar Moreno, Pablo Morande, Cecilia Abreu, Agustín Correa, Valentina Porro, Ana Ines Landoni, Raul Gabus, Mirta Giordano, Guillermo Dighiero, Otto Pritsch, Pablo Oppezzo
Journal: Blood (2010)
Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus G protein-coupled receptor immortalizes human endothelial cells by activation of the VEGF receptor-2/ KDR
Authors: Carlos Bais, Albert Van Geelen, Pilar Eroles, Agata Mutlu, Chiara Chiozzini, Sergio Dias, Roy L Silverstein, Shahin Rafii, Enrique A Mesri
Journal: Cancer Cell (2003)
Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase in Normal Individuals and in Individuals with Exogenous Hypertriglyceridemia and the Relationship of this Enzyme to Assimilation of Fat *
Authors: William R. Harlan, Preston S. Winesett, Albert J. Wasserman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Lipoprotein lipase activity (LLA) was measured in the adipose tissue of six healthy subjects and five members of a family in whom the trait for familial exogenous hypertriglyceridemia was segregating. The lipase activity measured was characteristic of lipoprotein lipase: increased by feeding, dependent on the presence of serum, and inhibited by sodium chloride and protamine sulfate. When compared with lipase activity in healthy individuals, LLA was grossly deficient in two siblings with postabsorptive chylomicronemia and was intermediate in both parents and one sibling, who had normal postabsorptive triglycerides. These findings are compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance. The hormone-sensitive lipolytic enzyme responsible for mobilization of free fatty acids from adipose storage was normal in the hyperlipemic subjects.
Fat and Cardiotoxicity in Hereditary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Rubin M. Tuder, Jeffrey C. Robinson, Brian B. Graham
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

After decades of focused interest on the pulmonary vascular component of pulmonary hypertension (PH), there is a growing recognition of the importance of addressing the mechanisms of the failing right ventricle (RV) in the disease (1). This awareness has occurred as several of the therapies developed to treat the pulmonary vascular component of PH, although they improve quality of life and prolong survival, do not lead to resolution of the underlying vascular lesions (2); moreover, it has been suspected that some therapies, particularly prostanoids, may promote RV function, rather than inhibit or regress pulmonary vascular disease.
Children are not little adults: just ask their hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: D. A. Williams, H. Xu, J. A. Cancelas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

HSCs differ during ontogeny in some important parameters, including anatomic site of residence and cell cycling characteristics. In this issue of the JCI, Bowie et al. show that postnatal HSCs as well as fetal liver HSCs in mice are active in the cell cycle at much higher rates than that of adult HSCs; however, this increased frequency of cycling abruptly ceases 4 weeks after birth (see the related article beginning on page 2808). The cycling postnatal HSCs expressed high levels of CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12, also known as stromal cell–derived factor 1 [SDF-1]), a chemokine previously implicated in stem cell trafficking to the marrow cavity and shown to be expressed by cells within the hematopoietic microenvironment. These cells also possessed an engraftment defect impeding reconstitution in irradiated recipient mice, which was reversible by pretransplant administration of antagonists of the CXCL12 receptor, CXCR4. Such agents are currently clinically available, suggesting that this approach could be used to improve stem cell transplantation and engraftment.
Electrophysiological Delineation of the Tachycardia Circuit in Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
Authors: Hiroshige Yamabe, Ikuo Misumi, Hironobu Fukushima, Kazuhiro Ueno, Yoshihiro Kimura, Youichi Hokamura
Journal: Circulation (1999)

The exact boundaries of the reentry circuit in atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) have not been convincingly defined.To define the tachycardia circuit, single extrastimuli were delivered during AVNRT to 8 sites of the right intra-atrial septum: 3 arbitrarily divided sites of the AV junction extending from the His bundle (HB) site to the coronary sinus ostium (CSOS) (sites S, M, and I) and the superior (S-CSOS), inferior (I-CSOS), posterior (P-CSOS), and posteroinferior (PI-CSOS) portions of the CSOS and the CSOS in 18 patients. The mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) was 368+/-52 ms. Retrograde earliest atrial activation was observed at the HB site in all patients. The longest coupling intervals of single extrastimuli that reset AVNRT at sites S, M, I, I-CSOS, CSOS, S-CSOS, P-CSOS, and PI-CSOS were 356+/-51, 356+/-51, 355+/-52, 357+/-51, 318+/-47, 305+/-53, 311+/-56, and 312+/-56 ms, respectively, and the following return cycles at these sites were 368+/-52, 368+/-53, 367+/-53, 367+/-53, 407+/-66, 431+/-73, 415+/-55, and 412+/-56 ms, respectively. The longest coupling intervals at sites S, M, I, and I-CSOS did not differ from each other and were longer than those at CSOS and S-, P-, and PI-CSOS (P<0.0001). The return cycles at sites S, M, I, and I-CSOS did not differ from the TCL, whereas those at CSOS and S-, P-, and PI-CSOS were longer than the TCL (P<0.0001).The perinodal atrium extending from the HB site to I-CSOS was involved in the tachycardia circuit. I-CSOS was thought to be the entrance of the slow pathway.
Origin of chronic right upper quadrant pain.
Authors: J G Kingham, A M Dawson
Journal: Gut (1985)

We have studied 22 consecutive patients referred for investigation of severe chronic right upper quadrant pain. The majority were women whose symptoms had been present for many years. All had undergone repeated investigations of the pancreatico-biliary, gastro-intestinal, urinary, and even gynaecological systems without a satisfactory diagnosis. Most had undergone at least one abdominal operation in an unsuccessful attempt to cure their pain. In 21 of 22 patients the customary pain was completely and reproducibly mimicked by balloon distension of the small or large intestine in at least one site. The trigger sites were jejunum (15), ileum (12), right colon (nine), and duodenum (six). In 12 more than one trigger site was found. Close questioning revealed features of the irritable bowel syndrome in the majority and depression in many though the symptoms were not spontaneously volunteered. Reproduction of pain has provided a convincing demonstration to this difficult group of patients that they have a sensitive gut and allows appropriate management.
Surgery of the Veins of the Leg and Pelvis
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This small monograph, originally written in German and translated into English by H. J. Hirsch, consists of ten chapters on various aspects of surgery of veins of the lower limbs and pelvis. It is the work of 12 contributors from several countries in Europe and from Great Britain and the United States.  Included are chapters devoted to the normal gross anatomy of the superficial and deep venous systems in the lower limbs and the deep veins of the pelvis (amply illustrated with phlebograms) and the technique of experimental venous surgery, involving microsurgery and graft procedures (homografts, heterografts, and artificial prosthesis). The various techniques of surgical treatment of varicosities are presented in detail in another chapter. The phlebographic study of acute thrombosis of the deep venous system and the surgical treatment of this condition and of pulmonary embolism are discussed in another section, as well as the postthrombotic syndrome. The remaining
Recombinant human parathyroid hormone
Authors: J. Reeve
Journal: BMJ (2002)

On 27 July the US Food and Drug Administration held a public hearing on an application for a licence for the use of recombinant human parathyroid hormone in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The application, from Eli Lilly, is for teriparatide (Forsteo), the N-terminal fragment rhPTH(1-34). The hearing's advisory panel voted unanimously in favour of the parathyroid hormone and approval could be expected after resolution of a few technical concerns. The application was partly based on solid evidence that parathyroid hormone, given as a daily injection for several weeks or months in experimental animals, increases bone mass and strength.1 This evidence led to a multicentre randomised controlled trial in women with osteoporosis, which showed that treatment with parathyroid hormone reduced spine fractures by 66% to 90% (according to whether smaller fractures and those causing minor symptoms were counted) and other fractures by 50%.2

The first experiments showing an anabolic effect of parathyroid hormone on bone in young rats took place in various North American laboratories …
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN SKIN DISORDERS.*
Authors: C. H. ROGERSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1947)

Journal Article PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN SKIN DISORDERS. Get access C. H. ROGERSON, M.D., F.R.C.P., D.P.M. C. H. ROGERSON, M.D., F.R.C.P., D.P.M. Medical Director, Cassel Hospital for Functional Nervous Disorders Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 59, Issue 1, 1 January 1947, Pages 6–13, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1947.tb11252.x Published: 01 January 1947
METABOLIC TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION BY PET IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: M. Schwaiger, R. C. Brunken, M. Grover, J. S. Child, R. C. Marshall, J. Krivokapich, H. R. Schelbert
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

The definition of viable but jeopardized myocardium in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is important for therapeutic management. We previously demonstrated in animals that reversible tissue injury can be identified with PET and tracers of metabolism. Increased FDG uptake in ischemically injured tissue predicted subsequent functional recovery. To characterize regional metabolism in AMI, 7 patients were studied <72 hours after onset of symptoms with PET and 2-D echocardiography (ECHO) or radionuclide ventriculography (RNA). Myocardial blood flow (MBF) and exogenous glucose utilization were measured with N-13 ammonia and F-18 deoxyglucose in five LV segments in each patient and regional function assessed serially with ECHO or RNA. MBF was decreased in 13 LV segments, but 9 segments revealed relative or absolute increases in exogenous glucose utilization. Regional function subsequently improved in 5 of these 9 segments remained unchanged in 2, but deteriorated in 2 segments in 1 patient with infarct extension. Thus, PET frequently reveals persistent glucose utilization in “infarcted” myocardium when studied within 72 hours after acute myocardial infarction. Persistent exogenous glucose utilization demonstrated by positron tomography can identify viable myocardium at risk with sustained metabolic abnormalities early after AMI and may predict subsequent functional recovery.
Analysis of hepatitis B precore region in serum and liver of chronic hepatitis B virus carriers
Authors: Juan M. López-Alcorocho, Gloria Moraleda, Javier Bartolomé, Inmaculada Castillo, Teresa Cotonat, José Aguilar, Enrique Ortega, José A. Pons, Javier Salmerón, José L. Vázquez-Iglesias, Vicente Carreño
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Accuracy of biplane and multiplane transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosis of typical acute aortic dissection and intramural hematoma
Authors: Andre Keren, Charles B. Kim, Bob S. Hu, Irina Eyngorina, Margaret E. Billingham, R.Scott Mitchell, D.Craig Miller, Richard L. Popp, Ingela Schnittger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Long-term response to hepatitis B vaccination and response to booster in children born to mothers with hepatitis B e antigen
Authors: Li-Min Huang, Bor-Luen Chiang, Chin-Yun Lee, Ping-Ing Lee, Wei-Kuang Chi, Mei-Hwei Chang
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine provides an uncertain duration of protection and the optimal timing of booster vaccine remains unclear. This study examined the immune response at 10 years of 118 children who had developed protective anti–HB surface (anti–HBs) levels after a primary series of HB immunizations in infancy. All of the children were born to hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg)–positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers. HB markers in all subjects and cellular immune response in some were determined. A booster was given to all subjects after the collection of samples and another blood sample was collected 4 weeks later. The results showed that a total of 39 (33%) of the children were seronegative for anti–HBs. T–cell proliferative response to HBsAg was noted in 47% of children. On HBsAg stimulation, leukocyte samples from a significantly higher proportion of subjects produced cytokines (81% of T cells produced interleukin–2 [IL–2] and 100% produced IL–5). The booster dose of HB vaccine induced the production of a protective level of anti–HBs (≥10 mIU/mL) in all subjects. Cellular immunity was augmented with a positive rate of 58%, 90%, and 100% for HBsAg–induced T–cell proliferation, IL–2 production, and IL–5 production, respectively. Although 14 (11.9%) of the subjects were HB core antibody positive at 10 years of age, no new HBsAg carrier was detected. The results of this study show that protection afforded by HB vaccination persisted to the age of 10 years in all vaccinees. Immunologic memory was detected in all subjects including those who had lost their anti–HBs seropositivity. These results suggest that no booster vaccination is needed before 10 years of age. The most sensitive marker of immunologic memory is IL–5 production of T cells.
MDA and the MOD MD
Authors: Samuel Vee
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> On Dec 20, 1971,The Journalpublished a report by Richards and Borgstedt (pp 1826-1827) of a near-fatal reaction to the ingestion of the hallucinogenic drug 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). Ten months later there appeared in the<i>Lancet</i>a paper by Chant et al (2:398, 1972) describing the benefits of manual dilatation of the anus (MDA) for patients with painful, bleeding, nonprolapsing piles. Why am I juxtaposing the two articles? Surely a drug that "expands" the mind can bear no relation to a procedure that dilates the anus. The answer lies in the acronym MDA. Appearing in the title of the report inThe Journal, it misled the authors of the<i>Lancet</i>communication into assuming that it relates to their subject and, thus, inducing them to cite the report as a relevant reference. Clearly,The Journalmust share the blame for this error. No acronym or any abbreviation