tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Scientific Foundations of Anaesthesia
Authors: William H. L. Dornette
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The practice of anesthesia is intimately connected with the basic sciences, perhaps to a greater degree than are other specialties. The anesthesiologist is a clinical pharmacologist. He is concerned with the physical principles of monitoring, inhalation therapy, and anesthesia equipment. He must be aware of the physiological status of his patient before, during, and following the anesthetic state, and in consultative situations as well. Clearly, both indoctrination in the specialty and keeping abreast therewith deeply involve these basic disciplines. The editors of this book offer it as an aid to competence in the basic sciences. This book, edited in the United Kingdom, is primarily of British authorship although there are some American contributors. The book contains 41 chapters, the majority of which are concerned with physiology. Eleven chapters and the three appendices cover physical principles and clinical topics related thereto. Four chapters are devoted to pharmacology—factors affecting drug action, drug
Abstract A27: Altered epigenetic regulation of homeobox genes in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Katarzyna M. Marcinkiewicz, Lorraine J. Gudas
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract It is estimated that 41,380 new patients will be diagnosed with cancer of the oral cavity and the pharynx and 7,890 will die of those diseases in 2013 in the United States alone. More than 90% of all oral cavity cancers are of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) type. We identified numerous homeobox genes as differentially expressed between non tumorigenic oral keratinocytes OKF6-TERT1R and tumorigenic SCC9 cells. Data from Oncomine, a cancer microarray database, suggest that homeobox (HOX) genes are also dysregulated in oral SCC patients. The activities of Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC), which cause epigenetic modifications, and retinoic acid (RA) signaling can control HOX gene transcription in stem cells. HOXB7, HOXC10, HOXC13, and HOXD8 transcripts are higher in SCC9 than in OKF6-TERT1R cells; using ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) we detected the PRC2 protein SUZ12 and the epigenetic H3K27me3 mark on histone H3 at these genes in OKF6-TERT1R, but not in SCC9 cells. In contrast, IRX1, IRX4, SIX2, and TSHZ3 transcripts are lower in SCC9 than in OKF6-TERT1R cells. We detected SUZ12 and the H3K27me3 mark at these genes in SCC9, but not in OKF6-TERT1R cells. SUZ12 and H3K27me3 levels were not altered by RA at these HOX genes in SCC9 and OKF6-TERT1R cells. We conclude that altered activity of PRC2 is associated with dysregulation of homeobox gene expression in human SCC cells, and that this dysregulation potentially plays a role in the neoplastic transformation of oral keratinocytes. An exciting future direction would be the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms driving aberrant homeobox gene expression in transformed oral keratinocytes by assessing additional epigenetic histone and DNA modifications present at these genes. Such experiments are currently underway. Citation Format: Katarzyna M. Marcinkiewicz, Lorraine J. Gudas. Altered epigenetic regulation of homeobox genes in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A27.
An Unusual Scintigraphic Pattern of Benign Thyroid Nodules The “Fish Eye” Sign
Authors: NEDIM C. M. GULALDI, BELKIS ERBAS, TOMRIS ERBAS, OKAN AKHAN, FERZAN TELATAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The authors describe three cases of an unusual scintigraphic pattern of benign thyroid nodule with ultrasono-graphic appearance. A nodule of normal, increased and decreased Tc-99m pertechnetate concentration surrounded by a rim of cold area was noticed in three patients in whom fine-needle aspiration biopsies revealed benign follicular cells.
Bunnell's Surgery of the Hand
Authors: John L. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This edition is a somewhat streamlined version of the 1964 edition, with only minor changes between the two. Although the bibliographies have been expanded and updated, relatively little has been added in the way of subject material or illustrations. The present book is 64 pages shorter than the fourth edition because of deletion of some outdated and irrelevant subjects. The text has been updated by adding a few sentences or paragraphs referring to recent advances or new techniques. One of the difficulties in using this book as a quick reference is the lack of correlation between the text and the illustrations. The insertion of chapter numbers before each picture has not eliminated this fault. There are minor grammatical changes but some misspellings are still uncorrected from the previous editions. The fact that there has been so little change should not detract from the book's value to the new reader. Dr.
GASTRIC FINDINGS IN CHILDREN WITH ANOREXIA
Authors: L. W. SAUER
Journal: JAMA (1922)

In this column, o* indicates male, 9, female.t Computed according to the average weights for heights of Boas and Burke.t Date refers to gastric analysis; roentgen-ray examinations were made several days earlier.defects, improper food habits, overfatigue and errors of home and school life has been pointed out.Many underweight children have been made "free to gain" by the removal of these handicaps.In our clinical work with the underweight child, we occasionally encountered children who, although rendered free to gain, failed to increase in weight on account of a persistent anorexia.These children with poor appetite ate less than the required number of calories and were underweight because they ate insuf- ficiently.Physical and laboratory examinations showed them to be free from tuberculosis, anemia, physical defects, diseased tonsils, adenoids and other known causes of anorexia.Their diets were like those on which our other underweight children thrived, contain- ing an abundance of accessory food factors.Cases of poor home environment or lack of cooperation of parent or child are not included.All but three chil¬ dren had brothers or sisters who ate well.They were given only three meals a day, avoiding excess of fats.From the department of pediatrics and roentgenology of the Evan- ston Hospital.
Serotonin and the Dumping Syndrome
Authors: Frederick A. Reichle
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Recent evidence indicates that a humoral factor may be involved in the etiology of the dumping syndrome. The similarities between the symptoms of the dumping complex and those of hyperserotonemia have led to investigations designed to determine whether increased release or formation of serotonin may be involved in the pathophysiology of the dumping syndrome. Increased portal-vein serotonin levels have been demonstrated after hypertonic stimulation of proximal small bowel in dogs.<sup>1</sup>Although altered serotonin levels in human dumping syndrome have been reported,<sup>2</sup>the serotonin changes have not been found consistently.<sup>3</sup>In the work reported here, repeated determinations in specially prepared platelet-rich plasma from peripheral venous blood showed consistent increases in serotonin levels after oral administration of glucose to patients with the dumping syndrome and after intraduodenal instillation of glucose to patients with normal gastrointestinal tracts. The levels in control patients given hypertonic glucose orally were unchanged. Thus the
Low Prevalence of Islet Autoantibodies in Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nicoletta Dozio, Angelo Beretta, Cristina Belloni, Mariateresa Castiglioni, Susanna Rosa, Emanuele Bosi, Ezio Bonifacio
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have serological characteristics typical of IDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Islet cell antibodies (ICAs), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), GAD65, and IA-2 antibodies were measured in 145 pregnant women with GDM, 33 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and in 73 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). ICAs were measured by indirect immunofluorescence; GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies, by a radio-ligand immunoassay incorporating 35S-labeled recombinant antigen; and IAAs, by a liquid-phase radiobinding assay. RESULTS The prevalences of islet autoantibodies were low and not significantly different between groups. ICAs were detected at levels ranging from 5 to 45 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation U in 14 (10%) women with GDM, 2 (6%) women with (GT, and in 4 (5%) women with NGT. IAAs were detected at levels between 3 and 4 SD above the mean in 4 (3%) women with GDM, 0 women with IGT, and in 1 (1%) woman with NGT. None had both ICAs and IAAs. Neither GAD65 nor IA-2 antibodies, which have been detected in the majority of pre-IDDM and IDDM patients, were found in NGT, IGT, or GDM patients. CONCLUSIONS Low-titer ICAs and IAAs are not infrequent in pregnant women, but multiple islet autoantibodies and antibodies to GAD65 or IA-2 were not found in GDM. These findings suggest that the serological characteristics of IDDM are rare in GDM.
Reduced Aortic Elasticity and Dilatation Are Associated With Aortic Regurgitation and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Nonstenotic Bicuspid Aortic Valve Patients
Authors: Heynric B. Grotenhuis, Jaap Ottenkamp, Jos J.M. Westenberg, Jeroen J. Bax, Lucia J.M. Kroft, Albert de Roos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Identification of potent inhibitors of microtubule affinity regulating kinase for inhibition of tau hyperphosphorylation
Authors: Alison Levy, Michelle Newman, Janet Brownlees, Denise Harding, Joanne Osborne, Stephen Lewis, Kevin Gillen, Gareth Hall, Chido Mpamhanga, Andy Merritt, Debra Taylor, Ed Mclver
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

The four MARK (microtubule affinity regulating kinase) kinases (MARKs 1-4) are an evolutionary conserved group of proteins, which belong to the AMPK-related protein kinase family and are involved in the regulation of cell polarity. MARKs are highly expressed in brain and were first identified through their ability to phosphorylate and regulate the dissociation of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) from microtubules[1]. In particular, MARK phosphorylation of the MAP tau at KXGS motifs within the microtubule-binding domain was shown to dissociate tau from microtubules leading to de-stabilisation of the microtubule network. The MARK-mediated phosphorylation of tau has also been linked to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) observed in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases collectively referred to as tauopathies[2,3]. Based on available evidence it is proposed that inhibitors of MARK could prevent the formation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and thus be useful for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. We identified a potent chemical series of MARK inhibitors and conducted a medicinal chemistry lead optimisation program to explore SAR and improve the affinity, kinase selectivity and ADME profiles of our lead compounds. This work was aided by a combination of first in silico modelling followed by X-ray crystallography. We also developed and used a high content imaging assay to monitor tau phosphorylation at the Ser262 MARK epitope in primary rat neurons, to demonstrate the effect of MARK inhibitors in a physiologically relevant cellular environment. The aim was to identify a potent and selective ATP-competitive MARK inhibitor that could be used for ‘proof of concept’ studies in transgenic mice expressing human tau and potentially as a starting point for a drug development program.
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Perinatal Outcome of Fetal Atrioventricular Block: One-Hundred Sixteen Cases From a Single Institution”
Authors: Lilian M. Lopes, Marco Antônio Borges Lopes, Marcelo Zugaib, Ana Paula Damiano, Gláucia Maria Penha Tavares, Vera Demarchi Aiello, Regina Schultz
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Importance of Hepatic Portal Circulation for Insulin Action in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats Transplanted with Fetal Pancreases
Authors: Josiah Brown, Yoko Mullen, William R. Clark, I. Gabriella Molnar, Diane Heininger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The importance of the hepatic portal circulation in the response to insulin was assessed in streptozotocin-diabetic rats transplanted with syngeneic fetal pancreases. Partial reversal of diabetes was accomplished by transplantation of two or three fetal pancreases beneath the capsule of the kidney; complete reversal followed shunting of the venous drainage from the transplants to the liver. Plasma glucose after streptozotocin of 509±31 mg/dl (mean±SEM) fell after transplantation to 395±23 and after the shunt to 143±5 mg/dl. Urine volume fell from 84±4 to 50±5 ml/d and then to normal (17±1 ml/d) after the shunt. Glucose excretion which was 8.1±0.3 g/d after streptozotocin fell after transplantation to 4.8±0.3 g/d and after the shunt completely disappeared from the urine. The disappearance rate of glucose injected into the circulation, which was 0.50±0.07%/min in untreated diabetes, increased to 1.39±0.38%/min after transplantation and to 2.52±0.31%/min after the shunt, not different from normal controls (2.79±0.25). Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was below normal (25-35 μU/ml) and unresponsive to glucose in untreated diabetic rats. After transplantation IRI levels ranged from 73-223 μU/ml and there was no rise after glucose injection. After the shunt both the basal IRI (36±5 μU/ml) and the peak response to glucose at 10 min (58±7 μU/ml) were the same as in normal controls (42±4 and 62±7 μU/ml, respectively). The fall in IRI after the shunt is explained by increased extraction of insulin passing into the liver and also diminished secretion. After removal of the transplants plasma glucose and urine values returned almost to pretransplant levels.
Induction Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b in Combination With Ribavirin in Patients With Genotypes 1 and 4 Chronic Hepatitis C: A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label Study
Authors: Daniel E. Brady, Dawn M. Torres, Jong W. An, John A. Ward, Eric Lawitz, Stephen A. Harrison
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
Antihypertensive Properties of Polythiazide and Chlorothiazide
Authors: Ralph E. Spiekerman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Polythiazide, a new benzothiadiazine diuretic, was compared with chlorothiazide and with a placebo in a double-blind study of 19 ambulatory patients with mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension. The chlorothiazide was given twice daily in doses of 500 mg; the polythiazide (250 times as potent), twice daily in doses of 2 mg. With the dosages used, the average blood pressure was reduced significantly by both diuretics as compared with the placebo. Significant but asymptomatic decreases occurred in the concentrations of serum potassium and of plasma chlorides and in body weight, while statistically significant but slight increases occurred in pulse rate and in serum uric acid, urea, and carbon dioxide levels during treatment with polythiazide. Disturbing side effects from either polythiazide or chlorothiazide were infrequent and usually were manifested by postural dizziness in the more responsive patients.
Surgeons Rediscover, Patient Outcomes Improve
Authors: Lewis Flint
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
WILL RADIUM CURE CANCER? A CASE.
Authors: ALFRED C. HAVEN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

I hesitate to offer this case for publication lest I may be thought a disciple of Ananias, a hyperenthusiast or a retailer of fairy tales. Possibly the case is not unique. Others have obtained good results with radium or its congener, the x-ray, but as far as my own observation extends, it has no parallel. I am prepared to substantiate the facts which I now record. I also am fully aware that one case furnishes no broad basis for a generalization. <h3>History.</h3> —Mrs. X., aged 42, widow, mother of four children, came for examination January, 1905. February, 1899, a cystic growth of the right breast was removed. There was no recurrence and no microscopic examination. <h3>Examination.</h3> —Inspection now revealed a soft growth, size of quarter of a dollar, on the posterior lip of the os uteri. Patient complained of backache, metrorrhagia and debility. <h3>Operation.</h3> —Patient was anesthetized, growth curetted, and
879 CIRCULATING LEVELS OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (VEGF) AND ITS SOLUBLE RECEPTOR SVEGFR-1 IN PATIENTS WITH BIOPSY-PROVEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Y. Yilmaz, Y.O. Alahdab, R. Kurt, O. Yonal, F. Eren, C. Kalayci, E. Avsar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Abolishing purchaser-provider split helped New Zealand scheme to cut costs, says King's Fund
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A pioneering integrated healthcare scheme in New Zealand has improved the care of patients while reducing demand on hospital services, a new report has concluded.

The report from the UK health think tank the King’s Fund analysed the effects of the large scale project in the Canterbury region to inform the drive towards greater integration in the NHS in England.1

The project was launched in 2007 in response to rising hospital admissions and waiting times and to a population that was ageing more rapidly than in other parts of New Zealand and other developed countries. Its aim was to create a “one system, one budget” approach to health and social care, together with sustained investment in training, support for staff to innovate, and new forms of contracting, including abolition of the split between healthcare service …
Dysplasia, Carcinoma In Situ and Micro-Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix Uteri
Authors: Tilde S. Kline
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The provocative title and the impressive list of contributors make this a very interesting work to review. Basic concepts, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed by histologists, pathologists, and gynecologists. Fluhmann, von Haam, and Old define the terms—reserve cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and epidermization—and discuss their clinical implications. Differences of opinion are inevitable. Reagan discusses a series of 120 women who were observed for periods up to nine years with cellular evidence of dysplasia but without biopsy; in 60% of the cases the cellular abnormalities disappeared. Koss, however, states that the border-line lesions (dysplasia) were only steps in carcinogenesis and should not be considered separately. Meigs describes "micro-invasive carcinoma"—both its histological pattern and its treatment. Interestingly, he concludes with the thought that the term should be discarded, stating that in most cases the lesion seemed to be either carcinoma in situ or definite invasive carcinoma. The clinical approach to diagnosis is
New screening method for newborns can prevent complications
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A new method of screening newborn infants for rare hereditary disorders can prevent complications in neonates affected by some of these diseases and reduce parental stress, but it can also produce false positive results and may not be worth the cost.

The new technology, tandem mass spectrometry, can identify over 20 metabolic disorders in a single drop of blood and is mandatory in 24 US states. Four more states are set to use it soon. Screening for phenylketonuria and hypothyroidism is mandatory in all states.

To examine the impact of tandem mass spectrometry on neonatal genetic screening, Dr Susan Waisbren and colleagues from Harvard University's Children's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, conducted a prospective cohort study of children identified with the new screening technology compared with children …
Effect of Nicotine on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene Carcinogenesis in Hamster Cheek Pouch
Authors: Y.-P. Chen, C. A. Squier
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

We divided 40 male Syrian golden hamsters into four groups of 10 animals each, and we treated both cheek pouches of each hamster three times a week as follows: group 1, 50 µL of sesame oil; group 2, 50 µL of 6% nicotine in sesame oil; group 3, 50 µL of 1% 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in sesame oil; and group 4, 50 µL of 1% DMBA in 6% nicotine in sesame oil. Cheek pouches were examined clinically and histologically after 12 weeks of treatment. Hamsters treated with DMBA and nicotine showed significantly ( P < .001) more tumors and a significantly ( P < .05) greater-than-expected proportion of large tumors (≥ 3-mm diameter) than hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Histologically, there was a greater degree of dysplasia in lesions from the group receiving DMBA plus nicotine than in the DMBA only group. The results suggest that nicotine acts as a cofactor in DMBA tumorigenesis. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82:861–864, 1990]
AORTIC STENOSIS AND BERNHEIM'S SYNDROME
Authors: Henry I. Russek
Journal: JAMA (1953)

To the Editor:  —In a letter to the editor ( J. A. M. A . 151: 1369 [April 11] 1953), Soloff and associates reject our contention that an isolated, prolonged ether time in a patient with aortic stenosis may be caused by partial occlusion of the right ventricle due to deviation of the interventricular septum (Bernheim's syndrome). Their own view, which prompted our criticism ( J. A. M. A . 151: 578 [Feb. 14] 1953), attributes the disproportionate increase in ether time observed in cases of aortic stenosis to secondary changes in the lungs and resultant chronic cor pulmonale ( J. A. M. A . 150: 1111 [Nov. 15] 1952). These authors insist that dyspnea was present early in all of their patients and that this fact, by definition, excludes Bernheim's syndrome. Their original report, nevertheless, states that 9 of the 14 patients studied had no clinical evidence of heart failure. They also contend that they