tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Imaging Findings in a Rare Case of Extra-Articular Chondrocalcinosis
Authors: Archi Agrawal, Nilendu Purandare, Epari Sridhar, Sneha Shah, Sumeet G. Dua, Venkatesh Rangarajan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report the imaging findings in extra-articular chondrocalcinosis in a 53-year-old man with swelling and pain in right scapular area for 1 year. Plain radiography showed a right scapular area calcific mass. The clinical suspicion was of a soft tissue sarcoma. As a part of diagnostic workup, a bone scan and a PET/CT scan were done. Bone scan revealed intense MDP uptake in the right scapular area. FDG PET/CT revealed intense FDG uptake in the mass. The biopsy revealed chondrocalcinosis. This is an addition to our long list of causes of extraosseous uptake of MDP.
Propagation of Blood Flow Pulse in the Normal Human Pulmonary Arterial System: ANALYSIS OF THE PULSATILE CAPILLARY FLOW
Authors: NICHOLAS B. KARATZAS, GRANT DE J. LEE
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

We studied a number of dynamic events associated with the pulsatile flow of blood in the pulmonary arterial system of six healthy men in the supine position. We used the nitrous oxide-body plethysmograph method to record the pulmonary capillary blood flow pulse and the phonocardiogram to determine the time of opening and closing of the pulmonary valve. The pattern of right ventricular ejection was modified by administration of atropine and isoproterenol and by exercise. The time of conduction of the flow pulse from the pulmonary valve to the lung capillaries averaged 120 msec. Acceleration of capillary blood during systole averaged 8.2 ml/sec/msec. The fraction of stroke volume which distended the pulmonary arterial system during systole averaged 67.2%. The peak flow rate averaged 186 ml/sec. Tachycardia resulted in a decrease in the fraction of the stroke volume stored in the arterial tree during systole. Isoproterenol and exercise resulted in an increase in average capillary blood acceleration. Conduction time is accounted for by pulmonary arterial distensibility, which also allows storage of the ejected blood during systole, which in turn helps to maintain continuity of blood flow in the capillaries. Despite these modifying effects of the pulmonary arterial system upon the flow wave, changes in the pattern of inflow pulse were detectable in the capillary flow pulse.
Neoendothelialization after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in humans A case report of a Tokaimura nuclear accident victim
Authors: T Suzuki
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objectives: Neoendothelialization by circulating endothelial progenitor cells has been a topic of recent research. The extent and scale of this process in humans is not well understood. We examined the extent of neoendothelialization of the aorta and peripheral arteries in the case of a patient who underwent peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute radiation syndrome. Methods: Human tissue samples from the aorta and peripheral arteries were obtained at autopsy. Endothelial cells were isolated, confirmed by von Willebrand factor immunostaining, and then subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis using X- and Y-chromosome specific probes to examine neoendothelialization by donor cells as possible in this case in which the donor and recipient were of different genders. Results: The aorta showed almost 25% of all endothelial cells to be replaced by donor-origin endothelial cells. The peripheral arteries were also replaced but to a lesser extent. Discussion: The present study provides evidence that peripheral blood is a source of endothelial progenitor cells in humans. Neoendothelialization of the aorta occurs to a significant extent under certain conditions suggesting the potential for exploitation of therapeutic neovascularization by transplantation of circulating endothelial progenitor cells.
Focus: Sydney: The rise and rise of Brendan Nelson
Authors: S Chapman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Earlier this year a colleague returned to Sydney from what had promised to be a dull meeting of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians in Hobart, the drizzle soaked capital of Tasmania. But he beamed from ear to ear. His glee was at the oration given by Brendan Nelson, the 36 year old national president of the Australian Medical Association.

Nelson, a Tasmanian GP who wears a diamond earring, had torn into the medical profession for its sleepy social reform agenda. He berated them for shirking all the big public health debates other than those that were self serving. He urged them to use their knowledge, positions, and privilege to support the things that really mattered in their communities. At the end …
THE TREATMENT OF RODENT ULCERS NEAR THE EYE
Authors: Z. Cope
Journal: BMJ (1927)

rMZDLL BRIEA d59 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.Eicl .oulaid up for a week.When I saw him lhe was the subject of chlronic inidigestion of tlle appendical type.He was taking bromide regularly to control his epilepsy.. Operation was advised (1) for relief of the indigestion, (2) in the lhope that it might benefit the epilepsy.A large, distended, adherent appendix was removed from the ileo-caecal angle.He made an uneventful recovery.He had no epileptic attack for six monlths after operation, and since that time the attacks have been much less frequent and less severe.
A Case of Meckel's Diverticulum Diagnosed by Peritoneoscopy
Authors: N. Cortesi, G. Gibertini, G. Ghidini
Journal: Endoscopy (1972)

The Authors observed a rudimentary structure with typical morphological characteristics of Meckel's diverticulum, in course of peritoneoscopy in a young woman with primary amenorrhea. They suggest peritoneoscopy must be considered also in the diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum.
Tumor Suppressor Genes: New Prospects for Cancer Research
Authors: R. E. Hollingsworth, L. Wen-Hwa
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Cancer is thought to arise from the accumulation of several genetic mutations in a single cell. Until recently, the only tumorigenic mutations that have been studied in detail are those that activate oncogenes. The discovery of tumor suppressor genes, for which inactivating mutations elicit tumorigenesis, has added a new dimension to our understanding of neoplasia. The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene RB is the prototype tumor suppressor gene and has been shown to suppress the transformed phenotype for several different cancers. Additional studies have revealed other tumor suppressor genes that may operate in a variety of tissues through a variety of mechanisms. These mechanisms may regulate the choice between cellular proliferation and differentiation and appear to involve such processes as the initiation of DNA replication, regulation of expression of certain genes, intercellular communication and adhesion, and the transduction of external signals to intracellular effectors. The elucidation of these mechanisms will enhance our understanding of both oncogenesis and the fundamental operations of the cell.
The hypoplastic left heart syndrome with intact atrial septum: atrial morphology, pulmonary vascular histopathology and outcome
Authors: Jack Rychik, Jonathan J Rome, Margaret H Collins, William M DeCampli, Thomas L Spray
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and intact atrial septum and to evaluate the relationship of atrial morphology, left atrial decompression pathway and lung histopathology to outcome.In the hypoplastic left heart syndrome, severe restriction at the atrial level results in marked systemic hypoxemia after birth. Infants with intact atrial septum may be at high risk for mortality after Norwood operation.Of 316 infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome seen at our center over a 6.5-year period, 18 (5.7%) had intact atrial septum. Medical records and echocardiograms were reviewed.On echocardiography, three types of intact atrial septal morphology were identified: 1) large left atrium, thick prominent septum secondary with thin septum primary adherent (type A, n = 12); 2) small left atrium with thick, muscular atrial septum (type B, n = 4), and 3) giant left atrium, thin atrial septum with severe mitral regurgitation (type C, n = 2). Seven infants had left atrial decompression pathways that were severely obstructed (3/12 type A, 4/4 type B). Norwood operation was performed in 17 infants; one underwent emergency balloon atrial septostomy and died. Of six early survivors, all with type A atrial morphology and unobstructed decompression pathway, three died after subsequent cavopulmonary surgery. Lung histopathology revealed severely dilated lymphatics and "arterialization" of the pulmonary veins in those with the severest degree of obstruction to left atrial egress (type B atrial morphology).Despite aggressive intervention, outcome for infants born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and intact atrial septum is poor. Maldevelopment of the pulmonary vasculature contributes to the high mortality seen. Atrial morphology can be used as a marker for the severity of pulmonary vascular disease.
Breast Self-examination
Authors: Roger S. Foster
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by O'Malley and Fletcher<sup>1</sup>is a careful and comprehensive review of the literature on the efficacy of breast self-examination (BSE). Since we feel their ultimate conclusion that BSE should not be advocated as a screening procedure for breast cancer is inappropriate, we would like to discuss two main issues. The first issue is that we believe it is incorrect to consider BSE as only a consciously performed act and to try to distinguish breast cancers detected accidentally by BSE performers from those detected during formal periods of BSE. Because of the difficulty, and probably the irrelevance, of determining whether a cancer is detected during a formal BSE or "accidentally" between formal BSEs, we have used the category "self-detected" in our studies.<sup>2</sup>Among Vermont women performing monthly BSE, 90% self-detected their breast cancer, and 82% of women performing less frequent BSE self-detected their cancer,
A Key Tyrosine (Y1494) in the β4 Integrin Regulates Multiple Signaling Pathways Important for Tumor Development and Progression
Authors: Udayan Dutta, Leslie M. Shaw
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Expression of the α6β4 integrin is associated with poor patient prognosis and reduced survival in a variety of human cancers. In recent years, a limited number of in vivo studies have examined the contribution of this integrin receptor to cancer progression and they have revealed that the α6β4 integrin plays a multifaceted role in regulating tumor development and progression. In the current study, we investigated the mechanism by which one tyrosine residue in the β4 subunit cytoplasmic domain, Y1494, contributes to the tumor-promoting functions of the α6β4 integrin in vivo. We show that Y1494 participates in the stimulation of diverse signaling pathways that promote α6β4-dependent tumor growth and invasion. Mutation of Y1494 inhibits the ability of the α6β4 integrin to support anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumor development and angiogenesis in vivo, a result that mimics the loss of total expression of the β4 subunit. Our results support the hypothesis that Y1494 regulates α6β4-dependent anchorage-independent growth through activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway, and invasion through the combined activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Src. Collectively, our results identify Y1494 as a major regulatory site for signaling from the α6β4 integrin to promote tumor development and progression. [Cancer Res 2008;68(21):8779–87]
Antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy
Authors: E D M Gallery, M R Ross, A Z Gyory
Journal: BMJ (1985)

are inconclusive, but Chamberlain et al have shown that chronically hypertensive women who do not get pre-eclampsia can expect a normal perinatal outcome.3It therefore seems a pity that all the authors' patients have been grouped together and that there is no separate analysis according to the severity of the hypertension.Some of their patients seem to have been overtreated, and this would limit the validity of their conclusions on the benefit of oxprenolol in pregnancy.
The Effects of the Immunologic Release of Histamine upon Human Lung Cyclic Nucleotide Levels and Prostaglandin Generation
Authors: Leslie F. Platshon, Michael Kaliner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The effect of the antigen-induced, immunoglobulin (Ig)E-dependent release of mediators from human lung tissue was analyzed for coincident changes in the tissue levels of cyclic nucleotides. Simultaneously with the appearance of mediators, lung cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (GMP) increased from 0.9+/-0.2 to 12.63+/-4.5 pmol/mg protein and cyclic AMP increased threefold from the initial levels of 5.1+/-1.4 pmol/mg protein. The release of histamine and prostaglandin (PG)F(2alpha), as well as the associated increases in cyclic nucleotides, peaked within 10 min of anaphylaxis. Antagonists of histamine's H-1 receptor prevented anaphylaxis-associated increases in cyclic GMP, whereas H-2 antagonists prevented the cyclic AMP response. Neither of these antagonists influenced the pattern or quantity of histamine or slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis release. Prevention of PGF(2alpha) synthesis with acetylsalicylic acid failed to influence histamine or slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis release or the concomitant increases in cyclic nucleotides. Histamine, added exogenously, produced a prompt increase in the cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels of human lung. As was seen after anaphylaxis, H-1 anatagonists prevented the cyclic GMP response to histamine, whereas H-2 antagonists prevented the cyclic AMP response.H-1 antagonists prevented 50% of the PGF(2alpha) synthesis accompanying anaphylaxis; H-2 antagonists had no effect. Exogenous histamine induced PGF(2alpha) synthesis; this synthesis was prevented by H-1 but not H-2 antagonists, and was reproduced by 2-methylhistamine (H-1 agonist) but not by dimaprit (H-2 agonist). Arachidonic acid generation of PGF(2alpha) was not influenced by antihistamines. Therefore, histamine interactions with human lung result in the synthesis of both PGF(2alpha) and cyclic GMP in response to H-1 stimulation, and of cyclic AMP through H-2 stimulation.
Analysis of the sociodemography of gonorrhoea in Leeds, 1989-93
Authors: C. J N Lacey, D. W Merrick, D. C Bensley, I. Fairley
Journal: BMJ (1997)

To investigate the epidemiology of gonorrhoea in an urban area in the United Kingdom.Analysis of all cases of gonorrhoea with regard to age, sex, ethnic group, and socioeconomic group with 1991 census data as a denominator.Leeds, a comparatively large urban area (population around 700,000) in the United Kingdom.All residents of Leeds with culture proved cases of gonorrhoea during 1989-95.Relative risk of gonorrhoea.Sex, age, race, and socioeconomic group and area of residence were all independently predictive of risk of infection. Young black men aged 20-29 were at highest risk, with incidences of 3-4% per year. Black subjects were 10 times more likely than white subjects to acquire infection, and subjects from the most deprived socioeconomic areas were more than four times more likely than those from the most affluent areas to acquire infection.Different ethnic and socioeconomic groups vary in their risk of infection with gonorrhoea within an urban area. Targeted interventions and screening to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted disease are now priorities.
705-5 Comparison of Radiofrequency Lesions in the Canine Left Ventricle Using a Saline Irrigated Electrode Versus Temperature Control
Authors: Hiroshi Nakagawa, William S. Yamanashi, Jan V. Pitha, Khek C. Yong, Mauricio Arruda, Michael Rome, Xanzhang Wang, Ken-ichiro Ohtomo, Ralph Lazzara, Warren M. Jackman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Induction of Atherosclerosis in Mice and Hamsters Without Germline Genetic Engineering
Authors: Martin Mæng Bjørklund, Anne Kruse Hollensen, Mette Kallestrup Hagensen, Frederik Dagnæs-Hansen, Christina Christoffersen, Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen, Jacob Fog Bentzon
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Atherosclerosis can be achieved in animals by germline genetic engineering, leading to hypercholesterolemia, but such models are constrained to few species and strains, and they are difficult to combine with other powerful techniques involving genetic manipulation or variation.To develop a method for induction of atherosclerosis without germline genetic engineering.Recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors were engineered to encode gain-of-function proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 mutants, and mice were given a single intravenous vector injection followed by high-fat diet feeding. Plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and total cholesterol increased rapidly and were maintained at high levels, and after 12 weeks, mice had atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta. Histology of the aortic root showed progression of lesions to the fibroatheromatous stage. To demonstrate the applicability of this method for rapid analysis of the atherosclerosis susceptibility of a mouse strain and for providing temporal control over disease induction, we demonstrated the accelerated atherosclerosis of mature diabetic Akita mice. Furthermore, the versatility of this approach for creating atherosclerosis models also in nonmurine species was demonstrated by inducing hypercholesterolemia and early atherosclerosis in Golden Syrian hamsters.Single injections of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9-encoding recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors are a rapid and versatile method to induce atherosclerosis in animals. This method should prove useful for experiments that are high-throughput or involve genetic techniques, strains, or species that do not combine well with current genetically engineered models.
Coexistence of Two Forms of LTP in ACC Provides a Synaptic Mechanism for the Interactions between Anxiety and Chronic Pain
Authors: Kohei Koga, Giannina Descalzi, Tao Chen, Hyoung-Gon Ko, Jinshan Lu, Shermaine Li, Junehee Son, TaeHyun Kim, Chuljung Kwak, Richard L. Huganir, Ming-gao Zhao, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Graham L. Collingridge, Min Zhuo
Journal: Neuron (2014)
The Bush Administration's Health Care Plan
Authors: L W Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The genesis of the debate over the nation's health care system lies in a paradox: on the one hand, more dollars are being spent on health care in the United States than in any other country; on the other hand, some 15 percent of our citizens do not have health insurance. As a society, Americans spent over $666 billion on health care in 1990 (the latest year for which figures are available) — or 12.2 percent of our gross national product. This compares with a bit more than 7 percent in 1970 and a little over 9 percent in 1980. . . .
Health care costs associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: A population-based study
Authors: Hla-Hla Thein, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Michael A. Campitelli, Jordan J. Feld, Eric Yoshida, Morris Sherman, Jeffrey S. Hoch, Stuart Peacock, Murray D. Krahn, Craig C. Earle
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Although the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an escalating public health problem, it has not been rigorously estimated within a Canadian context. We conducted a population-based study using Ontario Cancer Registry linked administrative data. The mean net costs of care due to HCC were estimated using a phase of care approach and generalized estimating equations. Using an incidence approach, the mean net costs of care were applied to survival probabilities of HCC patients to estimate 5-year net costs of care and extrapolated to the Canadian population of newly diagnosed HCC patients in 2009. During 2002-2008, 2,341 HCC cases were identified in Ontario. The mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) net costs of HCC care per 30 patient-days (2010 US dollars) were $3,204 ($2,863-$3,545) in the initial phase, $2,055 ($1,734-$2,375) in the continuing care phase, and $7,776 ($5,889-$9,663) in the terminal phase. The mean (95% CI) 5-year net cost of care was $77,509 ($60,410-$94,607) and the 5-year aggregate net cost of care was $106 million ($83-$130 million) (undiscounted). The net costs of patients receiving liver transplantation only and those undergoing surgical resection only were highest in the terminal phase. The net cost of patients receiving radiofrequency ablation as the only treatment was relatively low in the initial phase, and there were no significant differences in the continuing and terminal phases.Our findings suggest that costs attributable to HCC are significant in Canada and expected to increase. Our findings of phase-specific cost estimates by resource categories and type of treatment provide information for future cost-effectiveness analysis of potential innovative interventions, resource allocation, and health care budgeting, and public health policy to improve the health of the population.
Establishment of the Colorado Physician Health Program With a Legislative Initiative
Authors: Edmund Casper
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The Colorado Physician Health Program, a statewide peer health assistance program for physicians, has been developed as a not-for-profit, freestanding corporation through the cooperative efforts of organized medicine. A recently enacted Colorado statute provides for funding through a surcharge on physician licensure fees. The use of an employee assistance model has minimized potential conflicts of interest and allowed the program to assist both physicians and the Colorado Board of Medical Examiners.
English trusts will be allowed to advertise their services
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

NHS trusts and organisations that provide NHS funded health care will be allowed to advertise their services as part of a government drive to improve patient choice, the health minister Ben Bradshaw has said. The announcement came at the launch of a code of practice for services funded by the NHS.

From this April GPs will be able to refer patients to NHS hospitals and some independent sector treatment centres anywhere in England for routine elective treatment.

The government hopes that by allowing providers to promote their services, patients will be empowered “to have a real say in their treatment” …