tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Troponin Elevation and the Classification of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Andre R. M. Paixao, James A. de Lemos
Journal: JAMA (2014)

A 52-year-old woman with a history of hypertension presented to the emergency department with chest pain that started while sitting at work 2 hours previously. She described the pain as “someone sitting on her chest” and reported associated diaphoresis and shortness of breath.
Implications of Increasing Disparity Between the Mortality of the Sexes
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  Recent news releases by the US Census Bureau inform us that in the United States women of age 65 outnumber men by more than 3 million; this gap is expected to become larger. 1 The increasing longevity of women, as compared to the men, has been well known in the medical profession. Most of our patients in the middle and older ages are women. The number of senior citizen homes and other facilities for women far outnumber those for men.  According to the Census Bureau, the elderly will make up 11% of the population by 1990. Our society apparently can cope with this increase and its predominantly female character with little sociological or cultural impact.  What should be of greater concern to us is that the younger age groups are now involved in this disparity. It is no more a geriatric problem exclusively. The sex differentials in
Combination treatment with omalizumab and rush immunotherapy for ragweed-induced allergic rhinitis: Inhibition of IgE-facilitated allergen binding
Authors: Sven Klunker, Lavina R. Saggar, Vicki Seyfert-Margolis, Adam L. Asare, Thomas B. Casale, Stephen R. Durham, James N. Francis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Theodore Cooper, MD, PhD
Authors: C. John Tupper
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Apartheid Medicine
Authors: Elena O. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Human rights and health care under apartheid in South Africa were studied. Human rights violations, such as detention without charge or trial, assault and torture in police custody, and restriction orders, have had devastating effects on the health of persons experiencing them. These violations have occurred in the context of a deliberate policy of discriminatory health care favoring the white minority over the black majority. South Africa's medical societies have had mixed responses to the health problems raised by human rights violations and inequities in the health care system. The amelioration of health care for all and prevention of human rights violations depend on ending apartheid and discrimination and greater government attention to these problems. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:2097-2102)
Abstract A56: The number of MDSC (Gr1+/CD11b+) and T lymphocytes in blood of canine patients during mammary and skin tumors development.
Authors: Joanna Mucha, Agata Homa, Kinga Majchrzak, Tomasz Motyl, Magdalena Król
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The very recent studies have indicated an important role of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the tumor progression and metastasis. They are thought to suppress the immune system and promote angiogenesis via STAT3 activation. The aim of present study was two-fold: 1) to assess the percentage of MDSCs (CD11b+/Gr1+) in canine blood leukocytes and percentage of MDSCs that express p-STAT3 at high level; and 2) to assess the percentage of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and Treg (CD4+/FoxP3+) in canine blood lymphocytes collected from patients with various clinical stage of mammary and skin tumors comparing to control healthy dogs. The samples were analyzed using BD FACS AriaII. The results of our study indicate that percentage of Gr1-positive cells is significantly increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) in patients with stage IV tumor (4.6%, compared to control and stage I, II and III tumor: 2.38%, 0.8%, 0.65%, 1.2%, respectively). The number of Treg cells was significantly decreased (p&amp;lt;0.001) in patients with stage III and IV tumor (1.06% and 1.03%, respectively) compared to control (4.82%), stage I and II tumor (6.5% and 3.95%, respectively). Similarly, the number of CD4+ cells was significantly decreased (p&amp;lt;0.01 and p&amp;lt;0.001) in stage III and IV tumors (14.8% and 2.27%, respectively) compared to control (29.84%), and stage I and II tumors (26.20% and 18.75%, respectively). Thus, the ratio of CD4/CD8 was also significantly decreased (p&amp;lt;0.01 and p&amp;lt;0.001) in stage III and IV tumors (respectively). The number of CD3+ cells was also significantly (p&amp;lt;0.01) decreased in stage III and IV tumors (5.23% and 4.46%, respectively), comparing to control (11.66%), and stage I and II tumors (13.57% and 7.4%). Our results indicate significant immunosuppression in patients with advanced tumors that can be related to high MDSCs level. High level of these cells may be also related with metastasis formation in patients with advanced tumors. This work was supported by grant no IP2011 027171 from the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education. Citation Format: Joanna Mucha, Agata Homa, Kinga Majchrzak, Tomasz Motyl, Magdalena Król. The number of MDSC (Gr1+/CD11b+) and T lymphocytes in blood of canine patients during mammary and skin tumors development. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A56.
Medicine and Money: A Study of the Role of Beneficence in Health Care Cost Containment
Authors: Robert M. Veatch
Journal: JAMA (1991)

No subject in medical ethics is more important today than the moral problems underlying the pressures of cost containment. Frank H. Marsh and Mark Yarborough have, in a modestly sized volume, attacked ethics and health care at its most vulnerable underbelly. Their thesis is that "the principle of beneficence [doing good] as structured within the physician-patient relationship can become a formidable resource to be used in the struggle against inflationary health care expenditures" (p 5). In fact, they claim that the principle, properly applied, can produce substantial savings, bringing escalating health care expenditures under control (p 86). They first point to expenditures for futile care and care that actually does patients more harm than good. Simply doing what will benefit the patient would actually save money as a fringe benefit. If that were sufficient savings, Marsh and Yarborough would have solved the most difficult medical ethical problem of the generation.
67Ga-Citrate Identification of Inflammation in the Perirenal Space
Authors: PAUL J. MYERSON, DANIEL A MYERSON, RICHARD P. SPENCER, EDWARD PROKOP
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Two patients are presented who had radiogallium (67Ga-citrate) studies which revealed focal abdominal accumulations identified as the perirenal space. These localizations, to a specific anatomical site, were confirmed surgically. The distinguishing features of the perirenal space on radiogallium scans include the relatively vertical axis, downward conical extension, and sharp cut-off (“sparing”) medially to the midline.
DNA Damage Pathways
Authors: Danielle Friedman
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The atopy patch test (APT) – a useful tool for the diagnosis of food allergy in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: B. Niggemann, S. Reibel, U. Wahn
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: While immediate‐type clinical reactions to food can quite easily be identified by history or measurement of specific IgE in combination with positive oral food challenges, the evaluation of food allergy in the absence of immediate clinical reactions still presents diagnostic difficulties – particularly in children with atopic dermatitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the atopy patch test (APT) with regard to late‐phase reactions observed in double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges with cow's milk, hen's egg, wheat, and soybean. Methods: We investigated 75 children (median age 2.1 years) with suspected food allergy by double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges, specific IgE in serum, skin prick test, and APT. Of the subjects, 69/75 suffered from atopic dermatitis. Results: Of 209 oral challenges, 133 were performed with allergen and 76 with placebo. We assessed 77/133 allergen and 2/76 placebo challenges as positive. In 66 of 77 (86%) positive oral challenges, specific IgE in serum to the corresponding allergen was positive; in 64/77 (83%) the skin prick test, and in 42/77 (55%) the APT was positive. While immediate‐type reactions were associated with positive skin prick test and proof of specific IgE in serum, late‐phase clinical reactions were associated with a positive APT (sensitivity 76%, specificity 95%). Conclusions: The APT seems to be a valuable additional tool in the diagnostic work‐up of food allergy in children with atopic dermatitis – especially with regard to late‐phase clinical reactions. The APT may help to prevent unnecessary restrictive diets which may be the consequence of misjudging late reactions by clinical assessment alone.
Should Coronary Calcium Screening Be Used in Cardiovascular Prevention Strategies?
Authors: Robert O Bonow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

A 52-year-old man requests a coronary-artery calcium (CAC) scan for assessment of coronary risk factors after seeing an advertisement from a local facility that offers the test. He has no symptoms of cardiac disease, has never smoked, and is not overweight, but he does not exercise regularly. His father, who was a heavy smoker, had a fatal myocardial infarction at 45 years of age. The patient's blood pressure is 130/85 mm Hg. His total cholesterol level is 220 mg per deciliter, and his low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are 160 mg per deciliter and 38 mg per deciliter, respectively. His fasting blood glucose level is 92 mg per deciliter. What would you advise regarding CAC scanning?
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: report of a case with comparison of immunogold electron microscopy using pre- and postembedding labelling
Authors: A. ISHIKO, T. HASHIMOTO, H. SHIMIZU, T. NISHIKAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

A patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), who has been diagnosed as having bullous pemphigoid for 7 years, is reported. By immunoblotting, both the latest serum and a 4-year-stored serum sample of the patient, were shown to react with the 290-kDa EBA antigen or type VII collagen, but not with bullous pemphigoid antigens. Pre-embedding immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated that the serum bound to the 'anchoring plaque' and to both ends of the anchoring fibrils in the fashion reported previously. In contrast, postembedding immunoelectron microscopy showed binding mainly to the lamina densa. These results indicate that EBA antigens are localized mainly at the lamina densa. Further studies are necessary for confirmation.
Epidemic of Care: A Call for Safer, Better, and More Accountable Health Care
Authors: D. Woods
Journal: BMJ (2003)

American health care is ailing again after a period of remission brought about by some no longer effective medicine administered by managed care. Premiums have returned to double digit escalations, prices of prescription drugs are soaring, malpractice premiums are out of control–and the populace is getting fatter each day. George C Halvorson, George J Isham Jossey-Bass, $30, pp 304 ISBN 0787968889www.wiley.com Rating:![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> All of this is documented–along with some possible solutions–in what may be … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Incidence of Sudden Cardiac Death in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes
Authors: Kimberly G. Harmon, Irfan M. Asif, David Klossner, Jonathan A. Drezner
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The true incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in US athletes is unknown. Current estimates are based largely on case identification through public media reports and estimated participation rates. The purpose of this study was to more precisely estimate the incidence of SCD in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student-athletes and assess the accuracy of traditional methods for collecting data on SCD.From January 2004 through December 2008, all cases of sudden death in NCAA student-athletes were identified by use of an NCAA database, weekly systematic search of public media reports, and catastrophic insurance claims. During the 5-year period, there were 273 deaths and a total of 1 969 663 athlete participant-years. Of these 273 deaths, 187 (68%) were due to nonmedical or traumatic causes, 80 (29%) to medical causes, and 6 (2%) to unknown causes. Cardiovascular-related sudden death was the leading cause of death in 45 (56%) of 80 medical cases, and represented 75% of sudden deaths during exertion. The incidence of SCD was 1:43 770 participants per year. Among NCAA Division I male basketball players, the rate of SCD was 1:3100 per year. Thirty-nine (87%) of the 45 cardiac cases were identified in the NCAA database, only 25 (56%) by use of public media reports, and 9 (20%) from catastrophic claims data.SCD is the leading medical cause of death and death during exercise in NCAA student-athletes. Current methods of data collection underestimate the risk of SCD. Accurate assessment of SCD incidence is necessary to shape appropriate health policy decisions and develop effective strategies for prevention.
Apoptosis and early necrosis in peritransplant ischemic injury and acute allograft rejection in human heart transplant recipients
Authors: J.D. Day, R. Gao, U. Narasimhan, S. Gopal, M.T. Day, E.K. Kasper, C.-L. Chen, S.J. Cina, A.L. Robertson, R.H. Hruban
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Two-Year Changes in Blood Pressure and Subsequent Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Men
Authors: Howard D. Sesso, Meir J. Stampfer, Bernard Rosner, J. Michael Gaziano, Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: Circulation (2000)

BACKGROUND-It is unclear whether, given a current blood pressure level, the previous 2-year change in blood pressure adds important predictive information for cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS AND RESULTS-We conducted a prospective cohort study of 11 150 middle-aged and older men reporting blood pressure in the Physicians' Health Study. These men had no history of CVD or antihypertensive medication use through the time of the 2-year follow-up questionnaire; after this time, follow-up for the current study began. A total of 905 incident cases of CVD (705 cases of coronary heart disease and 200 cases of stroke) occurred during a median follow-up of 10.8 years. After controlling for current blood pressure and other coronary risk factors, we found that previous 2-year changes in systolic blood pressure were not associated with the risk of CVD. A similar lack of association was found for individual end points of coronary heart disease and stroke. However, previous 2-year changes in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) may be inversely associated with the risk of CVD (linear trend, P=0.049) independent of coronary risk factors and current DBP. In subgroup analyses, previous 2-year blood pressure changes only added information in leaner men (body mass index <24.39 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSIONS-In this normotensive population of men, the prior 2-year change in DBP, but not systolic blood pressure, may add information to current levels in relation to the risk of CVD. Clinicians may need to consider the previous pattern of DBP change when considering the risk associated with the current DBP level. These data require confirmation in other studies in which blood pressure is measured.
Abstract 4589: Overexpression of RAD51 promotes brain metastases from breast cancer.
Authors: Stephan Woditschka, Diane Palmieri, Renata Duchnowska, Jacek Jassem, Sunil Badve, George W. Sledge, Patricia S. Steeg
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair gene RAD51 was found to be overexpressed (1.5-fold, p=0.001) at the mRNA level in resected brain metastases compared to primary breast tumors from the same patients. RAD51 was also overexpressed (1.4-fold, p=0.008) specifically in brain metastases from breast cancer compared to systemic (bone/lung) metastases. We therefore hypothesize that RAD51 promotes brain metastasis development in breast cancer patients and investigated RAD51 as functional driver of brain metastases, independent of its recognized role in resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. RAD51 was overexpressed at physiologically relevant levels in brain-metastatic variants of human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells (231-BR) and 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells (4T1-BR). In vitro, RAD51 overexpression results in a 35-40% (p&amp;lt;0.0001) reduction Gamma-H2AX foci during S-phase, a DNA DSB marker. Furthermore, using a Homologous Recombination (HR) assay we found that the frequency of HR was significantly increased (1.7-fold, p=0.002) in RAD51 overexpressers compared to vector controls. No effects on proliferation, motility or invasion were observed with RAD51 overexpression. In intracardiac-injected mice, overexpression of RAD51 increased formation of large brain metastases, the equivalent of clinically detectable lesions, (3.3-fold, p=0.005; 3.3-fold, p=0.02) and micro-metastases (3.1-fold, p=0.01; 2.0-fold, p=0.04), compared to vector controls in 231-BR and 4T1-BR models, respectively. ShRNA-mediated RAD51 knockdown in 4T1-BR cells had the opposite effect, reducing large brain metastases (2.5-fold, p=0.001) and micro-metastases (2.5-fold, p=0.01). RAD51 modulation had no effect on lung metastasis development in tail-vein injected mouse models of 231-BR or 4T1-BR cells. To distinguish between roles for RAD51 in initiation vs. outgrowth of brain metastasis, we quantified iron-labeled 231-BR cells in the brain microenvironment at 3, 7 and 12 days post-injection. On day 12, we observed significantly more RAD51-overexpressing single cells compared to vector controls, with a clear trend discernable by day 7 (fold-changes over vector: 1.1-fold, p=0.8; 2.4-fold, p=0.07 and 2.8-fold, p=0.001 for days 3, 7 and 12, respectively). Together these data suggest that RAD51 drives initiation of brain metastases from breast cancer. Citation Format: Stephan Woditschka, Diane Palmieri, Renata Duchnowska, Jacek Jassem, Sunil Badve, George W. Sledge, Patricia S. Steeg. Overexpression of RAD51 promotes brain metastases from breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4589. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4589
An Unresolved Problem for Developing Countries
Authors: Paul S. Crane
Journal: JAMA (1969)

According to Sir William Osler, "to look back except on rare occasions for stock-taking, is to risk the fate of Lot's wife."<sup>1</sup>This may be one of those "rare occasions," which should not come more often than every 25 years or so, to take stock of what we are and have been doing since that wartime graduation in 1944. Today we may be forgiven if we pause to reassess the roles we have played in this exciting battlefield of medicine. The then newly liberated South Korea, where I had grown up, was the locale to which I went to practice. I went armed with a firm belief in the Hopkins-pioneered concept of raising medical standards by applying the pyramid system of internresidency postgraduate training with graduated responsibility. In Korea we were able to apply these concepts of medical education, and saw them take root and develop with amazing speed,
Cross‐reactivity between obeche wood (<i>Triplochiton scleroxylon</i>) and natural rubber latex
Authors: M. Venturini, G. Gastaminza, S. Kespohl, N. Bernedo, M. Garmendia, M. Raulf‐Heimsoth, D. Muñoz, I. J. Ansotegui
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Several studies have shown that allergy to natural rubber latex is associated with cross reactivity to other plants. We have investigated a possible cross reactivity with a tree belonging to the Sterculiaceae family, Tryplochiton scleroxylon , in a patient allergic to obeche wood, that began to suffer symptoms of allergy in contact with latex. Methods: Determinations of specific IgE by CAP to obeche, natural rubber latex (NRL) and recombinant allergens of latex were done. Immunoblotting was performed to study allergens detected by serum of our patient. CAP‐inhibition methods were used to study cross‐reactive between NRL and obeche wood. Results: In obeche extract, 4 bands were found of an apparent molecular weight of 18, 38, 75 and 199 kDa. In NRL extract the allergens have a molecular weight around 18, 21, 32, 38, 60, 70 and 199 kDa. IgE to latex was almost completely inhibited (96%) by the obeche extract in CAP‐inhibition studies. Using obeche extract as inhibitor, IgE binding to native hevein (nHevb 6.02) was reduced by 25%. Conclusions: The results obtained in CAP‐inhibition demonstrate the existence of cross‐reactivity between proteins in NRL and obeche wood. In our patient, a band of apparent molecular weight of 38 kDa could be the most important allergen.