tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TORSION OF THE GREAT OMENTUM.WITH REPORT OF A CASE.
Authors: W. W. RICHARDSON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The full value of the following case has suffered by my neglect to report it when the literature on the subject was scant. It is with the hope that even this delayed report may be of value that it is now given, with some remarks on the subject based on the literature which I have been able to secure. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. J. K. Austrian, aged 34, iii para. <h3>History.</h3> —I first saw her in 1893 during an attack of acute abdominal pain and discovered an ovarian tumor about the size of an adult head. These attacks of abdominal pain were repeated at frequent intervals. In January, 1894, she had two attacks of this pain and in February three. She gradually lost strength and flesh and the tumor slowly enlarged. February 23 an unusually severe attack of the pain drove her to consent to operation. <h3>Operation.</h3> —March 2, 1894, the abdomen
Intra-articular corticosteroids in septic arthritis: beneficial or barmy?
Authors: S. E LANE
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

Normal values of laboratory tests in elderly onset psoriatic arthritisI read with interest the article recently published by Punzi et al. 1 The results shown in this study demonstrate higher levels of acute phase reaction markers such as ESR and CRP in elderly onset psoriatic arthritis patients (EOPsA) than those displayed by young onset psoriatic arthritis patients (YOPsA).The authors included 16 EOPsA (>60 years) and 50 YOPsA (<60 years).I would like to comment that the information regarding normal values was restricted to the following words "CRP, normal values <0.6 mg/dl", no other information is given.It is not possible to know how and from whom these normal values were obtained.Even if a commercial test that includes their own controls was used, it is clear that you will need to test groups of normal subjects that cover the age spectrum of both groups of patients EOPsA and YOPsA.This strategy will allow you to estimate the influence of age in the higher levels of ESR and CRP exhibited by EOPsA.The inclusion of this control group of normal subjects is also recommended because YOPsA does not belong to the same age cohort that EOPsA does, and in fact, EOPsA represents a group of survivors from their original birth cohort more that YOPsA does.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of Roflumilast, a once-daily, oral, selective PDE4 inhibitor, and its active metabolite Roflumilast N-oxide in healthy subjects*1
Authors: A. Huennemeyer, B. Hauns, M. David, G. Böhmer, R. Fux, C.H. Gleiter, J. Waitzinger, K. Zech, T.D. Bethke
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
A 10‐year experience with treatment of high and standard risk Hodgkin disease: Six cycles of tailored BEACOPP, with interim scintigraphy, are effective and female fertility is preserved
Authors: Eldad J. Dann, Zeev Blumenfeld, Rachel Bar‐Shalom, Irit Avivi, Menachem Ben‐Shachar, Odelia Goor, Diana Libster, Diana Gaitini, Jacob M. Rowe, Ron Epelbaum
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Therapy of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is designed to prolong survival and minimize toxicity. A total of 124 patients with newly diagnosed HL and adverse prognostic factors were prospectively studied between July, 1999 and August, 2005. Patients with early unfavorable and advanced disease were eligible for the study. Patients were assigned to therapy based on international prognostic score (IPS). Those with IPS ≥ 3 received three cycles of escalated BEACOPP (EB). All others received two cycles of standard BEACOPP (SB). Subsequent therapy was prospectively assigned according to early interim GA(67) or positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography (CT). Four cycles of EB or SB were administered following a positive or negative scan, respectively. Complete remission rate, 10-year progression free (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 97, 87, and 88%, respectively, at a median follow-up of 89 months (5-144). PFS and OS were similar in both groups. Fertility status was assessed in 38 females aged <40 years; 94% of females younger than 40 years preserved their cyclic ovarian function. Nineteen conceived during follow-up for 30 pregnancies, delivering 24 babies. Deliveries were reported up to 7 years from diagnosis. Predictive value of negative interim Ga(67) or PET/CT was 87 and 93%, respectively. Six cycles of tailored BEACOPP, for patients with adverse prognostic factors, provide encouraging long-term PFS and OS, and fertility is preserved in most females.
The "locality" rule
Authors: G. E. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexpression of glucose transporters and glucokinase in Xenopus oocytes indicates that both glucose transport and phosphorylation determine glucose utilization.
Authors: H Morita, Y Yano, K D Niswender, J M May, R R Whitesell, L Wu, R L Printz, D K Granner, M A Magnuson, A C Powers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

A Xenopus oocyte expression system was used to examine how glucose transporters (GLUT 2 and GLUT 3) and glucokinase (GK) activity affect glucose utilization. Uninjected oocytes and low rates of both glucose transport and phosphorylation; expression of GLUT 2 or GLUT 3 increased glucose phosphorylation approximately 20-fold by a low Km, endogenous hexokinase at glucose concentrations < or = 1 mM, but not at higher glucose concentrations. Coexpression of functional GK isoforms with GLUT 2 or 3 increased glucose utilization approximately an additional two- to threefold primarily at the physiologic glucose concentrations of 5-20 mM. The Km for glucose of both the hepatic and beta cell isoforms of GK, determined in situ, was approximately 5-10 mM when coexpressed with either GLUT 2 or GLUT 3. The increase in glucose utilization by coexpression of GLUT 3 and GK was dependent upon glucose phosphorylation since two missense GK mutations linked with maturity-onset diabetes, 182: Val-->Met and 228:Thr-->Met, did not increase glucose utilization despite accumulation of both a similar amount of immunoreactive GK protein and glucose inside the cell. Coexpression of a mutant GK and a normal GK isoform did not interfere with the function of the normal GK enzyme. Since the coexpression of GK and a glucose transporter in oocytes resembles conditions in the hepatocyte and pancreatic beta cell, these results indicate that increases in glucose utilization at glucose concentrations > 1 mM depend upon both a functional glucose transporter and GK.
Reassessment of inflammation of airways in chronic bronchitis.
Authors: J B Mullen, J L Wright, B R Wiggs, P D Pare, J C Hogg
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The term chronic bronchitis has been criticised because it is associated with hypersecretion of mucus rather than bronchial inflammation. This study was designed to establish the presence or absence of clinical chronic bronchitis and measure pulmonary function in 45 patients about to undergo resection of the lung. The condition in the cartilaginous and small airways and the severity of the emphysema were then measured in the resected specimen. The results from 20 patients who had clinical chronic bronchitis were compared with those in 25 patients who did not. The data show that patients with chronic bronchitis had greater inflammation (a) on mucosal surfaces (p less than 0.05) of all bronchi larger than 2 mm luminal diameter and (b) around glands (p less than 0.005) and gland ducts (p less than 0.05) in bronchi larger than 4 mm diameter. A variable degree of inflammation was present in the submucosa of smaller bronchi. The groups had equivalent proportions of mucous glands and Reid9s indices in central airways, and no differences were noted in measurements of pulmonary function, condition of small airways, or emphysema. These data show that the term chronic bronchitis is justified by inflammation of cartilaginous airways and suggest that this abnormality may be the cause of the chronic productive cough.
Pathologic Complete Response As a Potential Surrogate for the Clinical Outcome in Patients With Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Meta-Regression of 29 Randomized Prospective Studies
Authors: Alfredo Berruti, Vito Amoroso, Fabio Gallo, Valentina Bertaglia, Edda Simoncini, Rebecca Pedersini, Laura Ferrari, Alberto Bottini, Paolo Bruzzi, Maria Pia Sormani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

To assess the role of pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy as surrogate end point of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer, we performed a trial-based meta-regression of randomized studies comparing different neoadjuvant systemic treatments.The systematic literature search included electronic databases and proceedings of oncologic meetings. Endocrine therapy trials were excluded. Treatment effects on DFS and OS were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs), and treatment effects on pCR were expressed as odds ratios (ORs). A weighted regression analysis was performed on log-transformed treatment effect estimates to test the association between treatment effects on the surrogate outcome and treatment effects on the clinical outcome.Twenty-nine trials, 59 arms, and 30 comparisons, for a total of 14,641 patients, were included in the analysis. Using the complete set of data, the regression of either the log(HR) for DFS or the log(HR) for OS on the log(OR) for pCR demonstrated only weak associations (R(2) = 0.08; 95% CI, 0 to 0.47; and R(2) = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.41, respectively). Better associations were found in an exploratory analysis assessing a subset of trials comparing intensified/dose-dense chemotherapy versus standard-dose regimens (DFS: R(2) = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.95; P = .003; and OS: R(2) = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.93; P = .03).This meta-regression analysis of 29 heterogeneous neoadjuvant trials does not support the use of pCR as a surrogate end point for DFS and OS in patients with breast cancer. However, pCR may potentially meet the criteria of surrogacy with specific systemic therapies.
Mental Health Courts Show Promise
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delayed cerebellar ataxia: a new complication of falciparum malaria?
Authors: N Senanayake
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Twelve cases of an unusual phenomenon of ataxia were investigated in otherwise well, conscious patients recovering from a febrile attack of presumed falciparum malaria. The ataxia occurred as the fever was subsiding, usually after an afebrile period of two to four days. The delay between onset of fever and the ataxia was three to four weeks. Peripheral blood of all the patients contained gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum, and in some cases ring stages. The ataxia was most noticeable in the legs and the clinical picture suggested selective impairment of the cerebellar system. Signs of improvement appeared in a few weeks but complete recovery took one to four months. The most likely pathogenic mechanism of the ataxia in these cases was an immune reaction triggered by the malaria parasite and affecting the cerebellum or its connections, or both.
Severe epithelial hyperplasia as a complication of a novel biodegradable stent
Authors: A. Orive-Calzada, M. Álvarez-Rubio, S. Romero-Izquierdo, M. Cobo Martin, J. Juanmartiñena, M. Ogueta-Fernández, E. Molina-Álvarez, L. Eraña-Ledesma
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

A 56-year-old woman with a total gastrectomy and an esophagojejunal anastomosis developed a severe stricture of the surgical anastomosis ([Fig. 1]).
THE ASSOCIATION OF PROFESSORS OF DERMATOLOGY
Authors: Edward P. Cawley
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Aforesighted group of educators in the field of dermatology established the Association of Professors of Dermatology in 1960. Objectives of the association were and are (1) betterment of the teaching of dermatology at all levels, (2) betterment of relations between departments of dermatology and other departments of medical schools, (3) betterment of relations between teachers of dermatology and others concerned with medical education. It is apparent that betterment, particularly in regard to the teaching and status of dermatology, is the predominant theme of these objectives. The association was established and has functioned with the blessing and support, both intellectual and material, of the American Academy of Dermatology, a senior organization which is devoted primarily to betterment of education in all fields of dermatology. Yearly meetings of the association have been held in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, beginning in 1961. Subjects considered at these
Activation of Holliday Junction–Recognizing Protein Involved in the Chromosomal Stability and Immortality of Cancer Cells
Authors: Tatsuya Kato, Nagato Sato, Satoshi Hayama, Takumi Yamabuki, Tomoo Ito, Masaki Miyamoto, Satoshi Kondo, Yusuke Nakamura, Yataro Daigo
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

We identified a novel gene HJURP (Holliday junction-recognizing protein) whose activation seemed to play a pivotal role in the immortality of cancer cells. HJURP was considered a possible downstream target for ataxia telangiectasia mutated signaling, and its expression was increased by DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). HJURP was involved in the homologous recombination pathway in the DSB repair process through interaction with hMSH5 and NBS1, which is a part of the MRN protein complex. HJURP formed nuclear foci in cells at S phase and those subjected to DNA damage. In vitro assays implied that HJURP bound directly to the Holliday junction and rDNA arrays. Treatment of cancer cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HJURP caused abnormal chromosomal fusions and led to genomic instability and senescence. In addition, HJURP overexpression was observed in a majority of lung cancers and was associated with poor prognosis as well. We suggest that HJURP is an indispensable factor for chromosomal stability in immortalized cancer cells and is a potential novel therapeutic target for the development of anticancer drugs.
Are experimental treatments for cancer in children superior to established treatments? Observational study of randomised controlled trials by the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Ambuj Kumar, Heloisa Soares, Robert Wells, Mike Clarke, Iztok Hozo, Archie Bleyer, Gregory Reaman, Iain Chalmers, Benjamin Djulbegovic
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To assess how often new treatments for childhood cancer assessed in phase III randomised trials are superior or inferior to standard treatments and whether the pattern of successes and failures in new treatments is consistent with uncertainty being the ethical basis for enrolling patients in such trials. <b>Design</b> Observational study. <b>Setting</b> Phase III randomised controlled trials carried out under the aegis of the Children9s Oncology Group between 1955 and 1997, regardless of whether they were published. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Overall survival, event free survival, and treatment related mortality. <b>Results</b> 126 trials were included, involving 152 comparisons and 36 567 patients. The odds ratio for overall survival with experimental treatments was 0.96 (99% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.03), indicating that new treatments are as likely to be inferior as they are to be superior to standard treatments. This result was not affected by publication bias, methodological quality, treatment type, disease, or comparator. <b>Conclusions</b> New treatments in childhood cancer tested in randomised controlled trials are, on average, as likely to be inferior as they are to be superior to standard treatments, confirming that the uncertainty principle has been operating.
Abstract 1682: Identification of RAM (ribonucleoprotein associated molecule) overexpressed in high-grade prostate cancer cells
Authors: Takashi Anchi, Kenji Tamura, Mutsuo Furihata, Hirofumi Satake, Shingo Ashida, Ichiro Yamasaki, Keiji Inoue, Taro Shuin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract One of the most important problems in hormonal therapy for prostate cancer is the acquirement of hormone-resistant and/or androgen-independent phenotypes. These cells are high-grade and lead to the eventual death. To characterize the molecular features of high-grade prostate cancer, we performed a gene-expression profile analysis by cDNA microarray coupled with laser microbeam microdissection from 10 frozen high-grade prostate cancer tissues and found dozens of trans-activated genes. Among of them, we identified RAM as an overexpressed gene in high-grade prostate cancers. The function of this protein is unknown, but it has a domain structure relating to mRNA splicing. We demonstrated that RAM protein was localized in the nucleus. Knock-down of RAM expression by siRNAs were observed a significant decrease of cell numbers. In contrast, RAM overexpression promoted cell proliferation. These findings suggest that RAM could be involved in cell survival and/or proliferation of prostate cancer, and that it should be a potential molecular target for development of novel therapeutics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1682. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1682
Expert perceivers and perceptual learning
Authors: Paul T. Sowden
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Expert perceivers may learn more than just where to apply visual processing, or which part of the output from the visual system to attend to. Their early visual system may be modified, as a result of their specific needs, through a process of early visual learning. We argue that this is, in effect, a form of long-term, indirect cognitive penetration of early vision.
Acute renal failure due to polymyositis.
Authors: M F Sloan, A J Franks, K A Exley, A M Davison
Journal: BMJ (1978)

FVC % in all our subjects.4Fortunately, the ventilatory impairment is of little clinical importance but it offers the clinician an objective assessment of progress: the absence of any improvement in the first week makes it unlikely that treatment is effective, thereby saving time and allowing exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches.
Advertising in Medicine — A Physician's Perspective
Authors: Robert W. Geist
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

A campaign against the American Medical Association's bans on commercial advertising opened in December, 1975, when Mr. Alfred Dougherty, a deputy director in the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) Bureau of Competition, held a news conference.1 He said that advertising would create an informed public, beneficially affect prices and create competition.The AMA subsequently explained that advertising is permitted when the effect is to inform (such as listing telephone numbers and office locations).2 In contrast, solicitation is not permitted because the form and intent are self-serving (as in testimonials and other selflaudatory "commercials"). Then, on June 27, 1977, the United States . . .
THE EFFECT OF ANOXIA AS MEASURED BY THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM AND THE INTERACTION CHRONOGRAM ON PSYCHONEUROTIC PATIENTS
Authors: JACOB E. FINESINGER, ERICH LINDEMANN, MARY A. B BRAZIER, ELIOT D. CHAPPLE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1947)

1. Observations on the effect of breathing low oxygen are reported in a series of 67 patients and 42 controls, in whom changes in central nervous system activity were measured by the EEG and changes in behavior by the interaction chronogram. 2. Most subjects showed a shift in EEG to the slow frequencies during low oxygen. This was more marked and consistent when the CO2 was less than .3%. There was no difference between patients and controls. 3. A decrease in verbal and gestural activity was found in about three-fourths of the subjects. The decrease was greater for the patients than the controls. 4. Subjects with high initial activity while breathing air showed the greatest decrease as a result of low O2. Subjects with low activity rates in air showed slight decreases and, in many instances, an increase. 5. Subjects with marked changes in EEG tended to show an increase in activity. 6. Four factors are discussed as playing a rôle in determining the changes in activity due to low O2. (a) Initial rate of activity. (b) Diagnosis. (c) Electroencephalographic changes. (d) Autonomic activity as measured by heart rate.