tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Applications of Angiography
Authors: Christos A. Athanasoulis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

THERAPEUTIC angiography is the field of radiology that employs methods that were formerly used for diagnosis but have been improved or modified to serve as therapeutic measures. For example, the angiographic catheter used to confirm the diagnosis of a suspected liver or kidney lesion may also become the vehicle for selective delivery of vasoactive drugs, chemotherapeutic agents, or embolizing materials, or it may be modified to become a double-lumen balloon catheter for dilatation in a patient with symptomatic arterial narrowing. Angiographic procedures and their applications may be divided into the following groups: procedures used to reduce regional blood flow, procedures . . .
"Co-development" is key to promoting universal access to healthcare
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Progress in tackling huge global health inequalities remains slow, despite poorer countries becoming more assertive and innovative in tackling problems, a symposium has heard.

There were calls at the Nuffield Council on Bioethics symposium in London for richer nations to do more to foster “co-development” and promote universal access to healthcare.

The event, entitled “Global health: responsibility, ethics and policy,” was held on 22 June. Some 150 delegates, including researchers, clinicians, ethicists, international aid specialists, and advisers, heard about the “unacceptable” burden of disease affecting the poorest countries.

In the keynote address Nigel Crisp, a former head of the NHS in England (2000-6) who chairs the international charity Sightsavers, outlined how infectious and chronic diseases, poverty, lack of resources, and …
Paternity: A Story of Assisted Conception; Double Trouble: A Story of Assisted Reproduction; Vacant Possession: A Story of Proxy Decision Making
Authors: John Gillies
Journal: BMJ (2005)

It was the philosopher Isaiah Berlin who pointed out that the truth, or at least knowledge of facts, does not always set you free, and that freedom does not always bring about happiness. Setting aside the issues of defining truth and freedom, these novels—part of the Living Literature Series, edited by Brian Hurwitz, which aims to bring ethical issues to life—illustrate Berlin's points rather well. When Declan, in Paternity , finds out that he and his wife share a common father through artificial insemination, and that this consanguinity has been responsible for the death of their first child, he is racked by anguish. The freedom to use surrogacy as a solution to Heidi's infertility in Double Trouble (the sequel to Paternity) sets in motion a series of events that culminates in the violent and brutal death of one of the main characters. This is particularly shocking because the victim is the …
2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer (MPC)-coating improves the transfection activity of GALA-modified lipid nanoparticles by assisting the cellular uptake and intracellular dissociation of plasmid DNA in primary hepatocytes
Authors: Masami Ukawa, Hidetaka Akita, Tomoya Masuda, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Tomohiro Konno, Kazuhiko Ishihara, Hideyoshi Harashima
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Evaluation of an Enzyme Immunoassay for Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in an Adolescent Population
Authors: Efstratios Demetriou
Journal: JAMA (1984)

We compared a modified procedure of Gonozyme , an enzyme immunoassay for detection of gonococcal antigen in urogenital specimens, with bacterial culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a hospital-based adolescent clinic. In 839 patients studied, prevalence of urogenital gonorrhea by culture was 14.3%. The sensitivity of the immunoassay was 90.0%, and the specificity was 98.1%; predictive values for a positive and a negative test result were 88.5% and 98.3%, respectively. Gonozyme was highly accurate in 57 males studied; sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were 100%. In 782 females, sensitivity was 87.5%, specificity was 98.0%, positive predictive value was 85.7%, and negative predictive value was 98.2%. Patients with false-negative immunoassay results had lower colony counts on culture. Gonozyme is an acceptable substitute for culture in males and in females with intermediate or high prevalence of gonorrhea. Results can be available within three hours.
Many Africans stop HIV treatment because of cost and travel
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Half of patients in sub-Saharan Africa who take antiretroviral drugs die or discontinue treatment within two years of starting it, new research shows.

For many patients treatment centres are too far away or the cost of drugs too high. Other patients start antiretroviral treatment too late or are deterred by the side effects, say US and South African researchers in a review in PLoS Medicine (2007;4:e298).

Their review of the literature indicates that around 40% of patients were lost to treatment after two years. They estimate, however, that the true figure is likely to be around 50%.

The review's lead author, Sydney Rosen, of the …
Rearrangement of exogenous immunoglobulin VH and DJH gene segments after retroviral transduction into immature lymphoid cell lines.
Authors: S V Desiderio, K R Wolff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

A model substrate for the joining of Ig VH and DJH elements has been constructed in a retroviral vector carrying a selectable marker whose expression is independent of the arrangement of the resident Ig gene segments. The substrate was introduced into lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, and site-specific recombination between the VH and DJH elements was monitored by a direct hybridization assay. Joining of the exogenous gene segments was observed in cell lines representative of three distinct stages in early B cell differentiation. Rearrangement was not observed in three cell lines derived from mature B cells, or in a fibroblastoid cell line. The VH and DJH elements were initially arranged so that the VH-DJH junction and the recombined flanking sequences could be recovered after rearrangement. By molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence determination, VH-DJH junctions formed upon rearrangement of the substrate were found to resemble closely similar junctions in functional H chain genes. The joining of VH and DJH elements was observed to be asymmetric; loss of nucleotides occurred at the coding joints, but not at the junctions between flanking sequences. Our results suggest that Ig H and L chain gene segments are joined by a common mechanism that is more active in B cell precursors than in mature B cells. These observations provide further evidence that the rearrangement of Ig gene segments occurs by a nonreciprocal recombinational mechanism. The model substrate described here is likely to be of use in defining the nucleotide sequences that mediate rearrangement and in examining the developmental specificity of this process.
FGFR Fusions in the Driver's Seat
Authors: Amit J. Sabnis, Trever G. Bivona
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2013)

Abstract Summary: Through a clinical deep sequencing protocol, Wu and colleagues have identified multiple FGFR fusion proteins in diverse cancers. Pharmacologic inhibition of FGFR suppressed the growth of FGFR fusion–positive tumor models, suggesting that these FGFR fusions are oncogenic drivers and highlighting the use of streamlined clinical sequencing efforts to identify novel, actionable driver oncoproteins in human tumors. Cancer Discov; 3(6); 607–9. ©2013 AACR. See related article by Wu et al., p. 636
Suppression of Class I and II Histone Deacetylases Blunts Pressure-Overload Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Yongli Kong, Paul Tannous, Guangrong Lu, Kambeez Berenji, Beverly A. Rothermel, Eric N. Olson, Joseph A. Hill
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Recent work has demonstrated the importance of chromatin remodeling, especially histone acetylation, in the control of gene expression in the heart. In cell culture models of cardiac hypertrophy, pharmacological suppression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) can either blunt or amplify cell growth. Thus, HDAC inhibitors hold promise as potential therapeutic agents in hypertrophic heart disease.In the present investigation, we studied 2 broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors in a physiologically relevant banding model of hypertrophy, observing dose-responsive suppression of ventricular growth that was well tolerated in terms of both clinical outcome and cardiac performance measures. In both short-term (3-week) and long-term (9-week) trials, cardiomyocyte growth was blocked by HDAC inhibition, with no evidence of cell death or apoptosis. Fibrotic change was diminished in hearts treated with HDAC inhibitors, and collagen synthesis in isolated cardiac fibroblasts was blocked. Preservation of systolic function in the setting of blunted hypertrophic growth was documented by echocardiography and by invasive pressure measurements. The hypertrophy-associated switch of adult and fetal isoforms of myosin heavy chain expression was attenuated, which likely contributed to the observed preservation of systolic function in HDAC inhibitor-treated hearts.Together, these data suggest that HDAC inhibition is a viable therapeutic strategy that holds promise in the treatment of load-induced heart disease.
THE VENOUS PULSE.
Authors: ARTHUR R. CUSHNY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

As a result of long clinical observation and application to the known physiology of the circulation James Mackenzie published in 1902 the "Study of the Pulse." This marked a new era in the study of cardiac diseases, by his practical manner of discriminating between the pathologic alterations of the fundamental properties of heart muscle (rhythmicity, excitability, conductivity, contractility and tonicity) first demonstrated by Gaskell and subsequently in greater detail by Englemann and his pupils. Mackenzie's results depended for the most part on a careful analysis and comparison of the venous and arterial pulses, the former giving the auricular time, the latter the ventricular, and the main features of his interpretation have been accepted without any question. In spite of the ingenious methods adopted by him, however, there may be still some doubt as to whether the features of the jugular pulse really correspond to the phases of the cardiac cycle
A Cysteine-Rich Isoform of Neuregulin Controls the Level of Expression of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Channels during Synaptogenesis
Authors: Xia Yang, Yuhung Kuo, Piroska Devay, Congrong Yu, Lorna Role
Journal: Neuron (1998)

We report here that neuregulin (NRG) isoforms with a conserved cysteine-rich domain (CRD) in their N terminus regulate expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) at developing interneuronal synapses and report the isolation of transmembrane NRG isoforms with this CRD within the N-terminal portion. CRD-NRG mRNA and immunoreactive protein are detected early in developing presynaptic (visceral motor) neurons. The levels of expression of CRD-NRG peak prior to the formation of synapses with their postsynaptic partners, the ganglionic sympathetic neurons. Recombinant CRD-NRG mimics the effects of presynaptic input on target neurons. Functional deletion of CRD-NRG from presynaptic neurons abolishes the upregulation of nAChR expression induced by input-derived soluble material. Thus, CRD-NRG appears to be both a necessary and a sufficient signal for the control of neuronal nAChR expression during synaptogenesis.
Global Distribution of Transfusion-Transmitted Virus
Authors: Prescott Le, Simmonds P
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

To the Editor: Transfusion-transmitted virus has recently been identified as a potential cause of post-transfusion non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis.1 The virus has a single-stranded DNA genome whose organization is similar to those of members of the Parvoviridae.2 Transient viremia due to transfusion-transmitted virus was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in three patients six to eight weeks after the transfusion of blood components and coincided with modest elevations of alanine aminotransferase. It has been proposed that transfusion-transmitted virus is the chloroform-resistant non-A, non-B agent shown to cause transient alanine aminotransferase elevations in chimpanzees.3 To understand more about the distribution . . .
Frequency of anti‐heparin‐platelet factor 4 antibodies in hemodialysis patients and correlation with recurrent vascular access thrombosis
Authors: Susan I. O'Shea, Jeffrey J. Sands, Sybil A. Nudo, Thomas L. Ortel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), characterized by the formation of antibodies to a complex of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin, is a well-recognized risk factor for thromboembolic complications. The frequency of antibody development varies among patient populations. Hemodialysis patients have repeated heparin exposure and should be at risk of developing HIT. This might, contribute to the development of vascular access thrombosis. We prospectively evaluated 88 hemodialysis patients for the presence of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies. Eighteen patients (20%) had a prior history of 1 or more prior access thrombosis. One patient (1.14%), without a history of graft thrombosis, tested positive for anti-PF4/heparin antibodies. In our study, the presence of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies was rare and was not increased in patients with a history of vascular access thrombosis.
First Human Experience With Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using a Through-the-Balloon Circumferential Ultrasound Ablation System for Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Andrea Natale, Ennio Pisano, Jeannie Shewchik, Dianna Bash, Raffaele Fanelli, Domenico Potenza, Pietro Santarelli, Robert Schweikert, Richard White, Walid Saliba, Logan Kanagaratnam, Patrick Tchou, Michael Lesh
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Standard mapping and ablation of focal sources of atrial fibrillation are associated with very long procedure times and low efficacy. An anatomic approach to complete pulmonary vein isolation could overcome these limitations. Methods and Results —Fifteen patients with atrial fibrillation refractory to medication underwent circumferential isolation of the pulmonary veins by using a novel catheter, with an ultrasound transducer (8-MHz) mounted near the tip, in a saline-filled balloon. Twelve atrial foci and/or atrial fibrillation triggers were identified in 9 patients (pulmonary vein locations: left upper, 3; right upper, 6; right middle, 1; right lower, 1; and left inferior, 1). In 5 patients, lesions were placed in the absence of any mapped triggers. Irrespective of trigger mapping, circumferential isolation of both upper pulmonary veins was attempted in all patients. The lower pulmonary veins were ablated when sinus rhythm activation mapping revealed evidence of a sleeve of atrial muscle in the vein. The median number of lesions per patient required to isolate 1 pulmonary vein was 4 (range, 1 to 29). After ablation, no evidence of narrowing was seen with repeat venography or follow-up computed tomography scan. After a mean follow-up of 35±6 weeks, 5 patients had recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Three responded to drugs that were previously ineffective, and 2 remained in atrial fibrillation. Conclusions —This novel ultrasound ablation system can successfully isolate multiple pulmonary veins. At early follow-up, this approach seems to be effective in preventing recurrent atrial fibrillation in a significant number of patients.
<i>LOXL1</i> and <i>LOXL4</i> Are Epigenetically Silenced and Can Inhibit Ras/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway in Human Bladder Cancer
Authors: Guojun Wu, Zhongmin Guo, Xiaofei Chang, Myoung Sook Kim, Jatin K. Nagpal, Junwei Liu, Joni M. Maki, Kari I. Kivirikko, Stephen P. Ethier, Barry Trink, David Sidransky
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Promoter hypermethylation is one of the common mechanisms leading to gene silencing in various human cancers. Using a combination of pharmacologic unmasking and microarray techniques, we identified 59 candidate hypermethylated genes, including LOXL1, a lysyl oxidase-like gene, in human bladder cancer cells. We further showed that LOXL1 and LOXL4 are commonly silenced genes in human bladder cancer cells, and this silence is predominantly related to promoter methylation. We also found LOXL1 and LOXL4 gene methylation and loss of expression in primary bladder tumors. In addition, somatic mutations were identified in LOXL4, but not in LOXL1 in bladder cancer. Moreover, reintroduction of LOXL1 and LOXL4 genes into human bladder cancer cells leads to a decrease of colony formation ability. Further studies indicated that the overexpression of LOXL1 and LOXL4 could antagonize Ras in activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Thus, our current study suggests for the first time that lysyl oxidase-like genes can act as tumor suppressor genes and exert their functions through the inhibition of the Ras/ERK signaling pathway in human bladder cancer.
Rheumatoid factor isotypes and anti-agalactosyl IgG antibodies in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Y. Mimura, H. Ihn, M. Jinnin, Y. Asano, K. Yamane, N. Yazawa, K. Tamaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Rheumatoid factor isotypes and anti-agalactosyl IgG antibodies (anti-AG IgG) have been reported to be detected and correlated with the disease activity in some collagen diseases.To study the frequency and the clinical significance of IgM, IgG and IgA rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF, IgG-RF and IgA-RF) and anti-AG IgG in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Seventy-nine serum samples from patients with SSc were examined by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.The levels of IgM-, IgG-, IgA-RF and anti-AG IgG were significantly higher in SSc patients than in normal healthy controls. The levels of IgM- and IgA-RF were significantly higher in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc than in those with limited cutaneous SSc. IgM-, IgG- and IgA-RF and anti-AG IgG were significantly elevated in 39%, 32%, 23% and 35% of 79 SSc patients, respectively. The prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis, oesophageal involvement and cutaneous telangectasias in patients with elevated IgA-RF levels was significantly higher than in those with normal levels. The incidence of pitting scars of digits in those with elevated IgG-RF levels and the incidence of contracture of phalanges in those with elevated IgM-RF levels were significantly higher than in those with normal levels. The frequency of increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with elevated IgG-RF and the frequency of increased C-reactive protein in those with elevated IgM-RF were significantly greater than in those with normal levels.IgM-, IgG-, IgA-RF and anti-AG IgG can be serum indicators of specific clinical manifestations in SSc patients.
Routine diagnostic tests for the detection and quantitation of hepatitis C virus RNA
Authors: S. Soviero, S. Barmat, L. Cheng, K. Hasselbring, M. Hinchey, L. Isopi, C. Kazanecki, S. McDonald, D. Ost, D. Petersen, S. Turri, Z. Xue, JQ Yang, A. Yoder, K. Gutekunst
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Novel human SR-BI antibodies prevent infection and dissemination of HCV in vitro and in humanized mice
Authors: Krzysztof Lacek, Koen Vercauteren, Katarzyna Grzyb, Mariarosaria Naddeo, Lieven Verhoye, Marek Patryk Słowikowski, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Arvind H. Patel, Thomas F. Baumert, Antonella Folgori, Geert Leroux-Roels, Riccardo Cortese, Philip Meuleman, Alfredo Nicosia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
A PLEA FOR IGNORING "LAUDABLE PUS" IN THE TREATMENT OF SEPTIC WOUNDS
Authors: M. Donaldson, E. Alment, A. J. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1916)

IGNORING "LAUDABLE PUS" IN WOUNDS.[AUG. 26, i9x6 and elbow is firmly ankylosed; fingers move, and arm. is ap- parently going to be useful.Still in hospital oni daily dressing, and granulating fast.
Interleukin-7 treatment counteracts IFN-α therapy-induced lymphopenia and stimulates SIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in SIV-infected rhesus macaques
Authors: Raphaëlle Parker, Jacques Dutrieux, Stéphanie Beq, Brigitte Lemercier, Sandra Rozlan, Véronique Fabre-Mersseman, Magali Rancez, Céline Gommet, Brigitte Assouline, Iann Rancé, Annick Lim, Michel Morre, Rémi Cheynier
Journal: Blood (2010)
The Supraventricular Tachycardias
Authors: Harold A. Wilkinson
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Interruption of cardiac sympathetic nerves in the management of ectopic supraventricular tachycardias may be achieved by injecting anesthetics or alcohol or by surgical resection. For maximum effectiveness the procedure should include at least the first through the fifth thoracic sympathetic ganglia bilaterally. These techniques are considered most useful in cases of frequently recurring or severe tachycardias that cannot be controlled by conventional measures and in some cases of tachycardia secondary to mitral stenosis. A survey of the literature shows that "fair" to "excellent" results have been reported in 23 of 29 cases employing these procedures, and that bilateral surgical resection has been the most successful. In the case here described, a 36-year-old man suffered from a severe, recurrent paroxysmal atrial flutter-fibrillation unresponsive to drugs. Bilateral thoracic sympathectomy afforded "good" relief for 8 1/2 months.
Contrasts in Child Health Care and Child Health Research
Authors: Jody W. Zylke, Frederick P. Rivara, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nasal Epithelial Cells Of Donor Origin After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (hct): Result Of Cell Fusion, Transdifferentiation Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Or Transfer Of Epithelial Cell Precursors With The Graft?
Authors: F. Khan, S. Sy, P. Louie, M. Smith, J. Chernos, R. Lee, N. Berka, G. Sinclair, R. Leigh, D. Proud, J. Russell, J. Storek
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)