tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calorie restriction enhances cell adaptation to hypoxia through Sirt1-dependent mitochondrial autophagy in mouse aged kidney
Authors: Shinji Kume, Takashi Uzu, Kihachiro Horiike, Masami Chin-Kanasaki, Keiji Isshiki, Shin-ichi Araki, Toshiro Sugimoto, Masakazu Haneda, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Daisuke Koya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Mitochondrial oxidative damage is a basic mechanism of aging, and multiple studies demonstrate that this process is attenuated by calorie restriction (CR). However, the molecular mechanism that underlies the beneficial effect of CR on mitochondrial dysfunction is unclear. Here, we investigated in mice the mechanisms underlying CR-mediated protection against hypoxia in aged kidney, with a special focus on the role of the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), which is linked to CR-related longevity in model organisms, on mitochondrial autophagy. Adult-onset and long-term CR in mice promoted increased Sirt1 expression in aged kidney and attenuated hypoxia-associated mitochondrial and renal damage by enhancing BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3-dependent (Bnip3-dependent) autophagy. Culture of primary renal proximal tubular cells (PTCs) in serum from CR mice promoted Sirt1-mediated forkhead box O3 (Foxo3) deacetylation. This activity was essential for expression of Bnip3 and p27Kip1 and for subsequent autophagy and cell survival of PTCs under hypoxia. Furthermore, the kidneys of aged Sirt1+/- mice were resistant to CR-mediated improvement in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria under hypoxia. These data highlight the role of the Sirt1-Foxo3 axis in cellular adaptation to hypoxia, delineate a molecular mechanism of the CR-mediated antiaging effect, and could potentially direct the design of new therapies for age- and hypoxia-related tissue damage.
Dental Care for the Handicapped
Authors: JOHN J. SALLEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Editorials1 August 1980Dental Care for the HandicappedJOHN J. SALLEY, D.D.S., PH.D.JOHN J. SALLEY, D.D.S., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-2-362 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA recent special report published by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (1) focuses on an issue in health care that heretofore has received relatively little attention or emphasis: the lack of access to dental care experienced by most of the 33 million Americans who are handicapped. The resulting dental neglect leads to needless pain, discomfort, and chronic infection, all producing unnecessary complications in persons with already complicated lives. Because this lack of access is a direct consequence of a physical or mental disability, its resolution will require the wisdom and collective efforts of physicians, dentists, and other health providers.The...References1. . Dental Care for Handicapped Americans. Princeton, New Jersey: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation: 1979. (Special Report No. 2.). Google Scholar2. DHEW Programs to Improve Dental Care for the Handicapped. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health; July 1979. Google Scholar3. Education programs in dentistry for the handicapped. J Dent Educ. 1979;43:(Part 2)1-41. Google Scholar4. National conference on dental care for the handicapped. J Dent Educ. 1980;44:125-57. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. A Comprehensive Dental System for Developmentally Disabled and Other Handicapped Individuals. Denver: National Foundation of Dentistry for the Handicapped; 1978. Google Scholar6. Prevention and Control of Dental Disease Through Improved Access to Comprehensive Care. Part V: The Handicapped, Institutionalized and Homebound. Chicago: American Dental Association; 1979. Google Scholar7. Special Report on Dental Care for Handicapped People. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Public Health Service and Office of Human Development Services, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; March 1980. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond, Virginia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPositioning wheelchair patients for dentel treatment 1 August 1980Volume 93, Issue 2Page: 362-363KeywordsDisabilitiesHealth care Issue Published: 1 August 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
CN-06 * IS HYPOPITUITARISM CLINICALLY RELEVANT IN GLIOMA PATIENTS? - A CROSS-SELECTIONAL TRIAL IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS
Authors: A. Handisurya, R. Ristl, H. Henzl, A. Kautzky-Willer, K. Dieckmann, J. Hainfellner, A. Woehrer, M. Preusser, C. Marosi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The outcome of patients with malignant high-grade glioma (HGG) has improved significantly during the last decade. In most patients the radiation field includes parts of the hypothalamus and/or the pituitary gland, which may cause a complex pattern of neuroendocrine dysfunction. The objective to this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the prevalence of secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism in patients following standard therapy of HGG. METHODS: Serum concentrations of pituitary and peripheral thyroid and sexual hormones were measured in 258 subjects (122 female, 136 male) with HGG. All patients had been treated with standard radio-chemotherapy (radiation up to 60 Gy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide) up to ten years before testing. RESULTS: TSH was reduced in 22% and increased in 18% of all cases (n = 258). Circulating fT4 and fT3 levels were lowered in 5% and 20%, but increased in 10% and 3%, respectively. With regards to the sexual hormones, we observed an interesting hormonal profile in men (n = 123). Pituitary hormones LH, FSH and prolactin were increased in 64%, 62% and 47% of all men. However, circulating testosterone levels were decreased in 40% of men ≤ 50 years and 16% of men > 50 years. In contrast, LH and FSH concentrations were below the lower reference limit in 75% of women > 50 years, but only in 6% of women ≤ 50 years. Serum progesterone and estrogen levels were lowered in 39% and 36% of women ≤ 50 years and in 43% and 0% of women > 50 years. Of note, 78% of women ≤ 50 years and 78% of women > 50 years featured increased circulating testosterone levels. CONCLUSIONS: Standard treatment for HGG results in multiple changes of the pituitary-endocrine axis. Expecially the finding on increased testosterone concentrations in women is striking and warrants further investigation.
Repression and the unconscious
Authors: Robert Langnickel, Hans Markowitsch
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

We argue that repression is primarily an unconscious process and that the position of Erdelyi is not coherent with Freud's views on the matter. Repression of ideas is a process that takes place without the knowledge of the subject. In this respect, it is essentially different from suppression, where ideas are acted upon by a conscious will.
Caring for the Dependent Elderly
Authors: ROBERT M. BALL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Editorial Note1 September 1976Caring for the Dependent ElderlyROBERT M. BALL, M.A., MICHAEL R. POLLARD, J.D., M.P.H.ROBERT M. BALL, M.A.Search for more papers by this author, MICHAEL R. POLLARD, J.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-3-387 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe populations of all Western industrialized societies have aged substantially in the past several decades. In the United States there will be a further dramatic increase in the proportion of the elderly in the next century; the percentage of persons older than 65 has gone from 4.1% in 1900 to 10.5% today and is expected to reach 17% in 2030. The biggest jump will occur in the years 2005 to 2030 when the number of people 65 and older is expected to go up from a little more than 30 million to more than 50 million, as those born in...References1. BALL R: U.S. policy toward the elderly, in Care of the Elderly: Meeting the Challenge of Dependency. Proceedings of a conference of the National Academy of Sciences. London, Academic Press, in press Google Scholar2. : See Reference 1 Google Scholar3. MADDOX G: Community and home care: the unrealized potential of an old idea. See Reference 1 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences Washington, D.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHousing for the ElderlyR.H. KAMPMEIER, M.D., M.A.C.P. 1 September 1976Volume 85, Issue 3Page: 387-388KeywordsElderlyPopulation statistics Issue Published: 1 September 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE NEW OPHTHALMOLOGYAND ITS RELATION TO GENERAL MEDICINE, BIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY.
Authors: GEORGE M. GOULD
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The distinction between what may be called the old ophthalmology and the new is one of almost unique clearness, as compared with other departments of medicine or science. Especially in medical practice the modern status has usually grown out of the older and oldest by infinitesimal increments and gradual modifications. In ophthalmology it is not so, and this fact explains why there are such profound differences of opinion as regards the claims of the new. Although both are usually practiced by the same men, they may be and often are, as distinct in origin, theory and practice as, e. g., are otology and ophthalmology. The "old ophthalmology" was, and is, concerned with inflammatory and surgical diseases alone, remaining ignorant of and indifferent to such relations as might exist between the eye and the general system, except as regards those minor and few diseases which arise in the body and then
Juvenile aponeurotic fibroma. The cartilage analogue of fibromatosis
Authors: E. E. Specht
Journal: JAMA (1975)

JUVENILE aponeurotic fibroma was first described as a tumor occurring in the palms and soles of young children. 1 Since the original report of four cases, a total of approximately 60 cases 2-13 have been described in the literature, primarily in journals devoted to pathology and cancer. Of 60 patients, 43 were males 46 were under the age of 17, and one was in the seventh decade of life (Fig 1). One patient had had aponeurotic fibroma from birth.  Clinical Data  Patients usually have a small to moderate-sized, ill-defined, soft-tissue mass that is unrelated to trauma and develops slowly over a period of months or years. The size of these tumors has varied from 1 to 8 × 4 × 4 cm, with the smaller lesions occurring in hands and wrists. The lesions have a strong predilection for the hand, where tumors have been found in 30 patients. Other sites
Sequence Dependence of MEK Inhibitor AZD6244 Combined with Gemcitabine for the Treatment of Biliary Cancer
Authors: Junyao Xu, Jennifer J. Knox, Emin Ibrahimov, Eric Chen, Stefano Serra, Ming Tsao, Pinjiang Cao, Douglass Vines, David E. Green, Cristiane Metran-Nascente, Mairead G. McNamara, David W. Hedley
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: MEK inhibition has clinical activity against biliary cancers and might therefore be successfully combined with gemcitabine, one of the most active chemotherapy agents for these cancers. As gemcitabine is active in S-phase, and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway has a major role driving cell-cycle progression, concurrent use of a MEK inhibitor could potentially antagonize the effect of gemcitabine. We therefore tested the sequence dependence of the combination of gemcitabine and the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 using a series of biliary cancer models. Experimental Design: Primary xenografts were established from patients with gallbladder and distal bile duct cancer and grown in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice at the subcutaneous site. Plasma and tumor drug levels and the time course for recovery of ERK signaling and S-phase were measured in tumor-bearing mice treated for 48 hours with AZD6244 and then monitored for 48 hours off treatment. On the basis of these results, two different treatment schedules combining AZD6244 with gemcitabine were tested in four different biliary cancer models. Results: DNA synthesis was suppressed during treatment with AZD6244, and reentry into S-phase was delayed by approximately 48 hours after treatment. Strong schedule dependence was seen in all four biliary cancer models tested, suggesting that combined treatment with AZD6244 plus gemcitabine would be more active in patients with biliary cancer when gemcitabine is given following a 48-hour interruption in AZD6244 dosing, rather than concurrently. Conclusions: The combination of AZD6244 plus gemcitabine is highly schedule dependent, and predicted to be more effective in the clinic using sequential rather than simultaneous dosing protocols. Clin Cancer Res; 19(1); 118–27. ©2012 AACR.
Explicit representations in hypothetical thinking
Authors: Jonathan St. B. T. Evans, David E. Over
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Dienes' &amp; Perner's proposals are discussed in relation to the distinction between explicit and implicit systems of thinking. Evans and Over (1996) propose that explicit processing resources are required for hypothetical thinking, in which mental models of possible world states are constructed. Such thinking requires representations in which the individuals' propositional attitudes including relevant beliefs and goals are made fully explicit.
Barium Sulfate and Iodine Determination
Authors: Howard J. Barnhard
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In answer to a question in theThe Journal, March 18, 1961, page 1037, Dr. Edward Bigg stated: "Barium sulfate contains a trace of iodine. Due to the volume of suspension used in either an upper gastrointestinal series or barium enema, a significant concentration obtains in the blood stream sufficient to affect the determination of the protein bound iodine level or uptake of I<sup>131</sup>." Such an assertion raises a point of significant concern. We therefore determined to check it, using the oral route, since the opportunity for absorption would be greater than from an enema. Six subjects were given a 16-oz. suspension containing 8 oz. of barium sulfate (General Electric's "Veriopaque"). Plasma samples drawn before and 4 hours after administration of the barium sulfate were submitted to an outside laboratory under different fictitious names, with the results tabulated below in micrograms per 100 ml.: The agreement
Left Ventricular Hemodynamics in Exercise-Induced Angina Pectoris
Authors: LESLIE WIENER, EDWARD M. DWYER, J. WILLIAM COX
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The sequence of events characterizing the onset and course of exercise-induced angina pectoris was studied in 10 patients with ischemic heart disease during cardiac catheterization. Exercise produced a precipitous rise in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure prior to the onset of angina and electrocardiographic ischemia. A corresponding abnormal increase in pulmonary artery pressure occurred. Cardiac output increased commensurate with the degree of exertion and was accompanied by a slight reduction in stroke volume. Left ventricular work and stroke work paralleled the changes in cardiac output and stroke volume. Determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption, that is, heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, and left ventricular first derivative, were monitored continuously and noted to increase by 43%, 20%, and 38%, respectively, prior to angina. Ischemic ST-segment depression corresponded closely in time with angina. Angina and electrocardiographic and hemodynamic abnormalities persisted throughout exercise. Two minutes after exercise, hemodynamic values returned to normal along with a reduction in intensity of angina; ST-segment abnormalities persisted until 4 minutes after exercise. Pathophysiological mechanisms occurring during angina are described, and differences from typical heart failure are discussed.
The Adrenogenital Syndrome
Authors: Alfred M. Bongiovanni, Allen W. Root
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

TreatmentThe surgical aspects of therapy are concerned with the restoration of the external genitalia, for the most part involving correction of the female with masculine-appearing external organs. Rarely, more extensive internal correction is required when the müllerian tubercle has failed to canalize and there is no communication with the vagina. As stated elsewhere, the masculinization of the external genitalia of the female is caused by the excessive quantities of androgens secreted by the fetal adrenal cortex, before the completion of external genital organogenesis. The internal female-duct structures are always normal. Thus, it is imperative to establish the true sex . . .
The Oxidant-Modified Lipid Lysophosphatidylserine (lysoPS) Made by Exudate Neutrophils Limits Neutrophil Accumulation in Vivo
Authors: Donna Bratton, Ruby Fernandez-Boyanapalli, Karin Zemski-Berry, Robert Murphy, S. Courtney Frasch
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Increased cough reflex associated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor cough.
Authors: R W Fuller, N B Choudry
Journal: BMJ (1987)

marker that can be used further to investigate differences in the two main aetiological types of diabetes.The parallel of our results for type I diabetes with those for ankylosing spondylitis is striking.In both there are strong associations with particular HLA markers and a significant increase in the proportion of non-secretors.This is further indirect evidence to support the suggestion that an infectious agent is implicated in the initiation of type I diabetes in some genetically predisposed paiients.Determining the secretor state of patients who have various viral infections would be a useful first step in investigating this hypothesis.We suggest that the initial susceptibility to some viral infections might be greater in the non-immune, non-secretor host.The specific immune response to the putative infectious agent, controlled by the class II HLA DR3/4 genes, might contribute to pathogenic sequelae leading to the diabetic state.We are grateful to Dr A E Mourant for helpful discussions and to the Edinburgh and South East Scodand Blood Transfusion Service for reagents used in the study.
Biological therapies in the systemic management of psoriasis: International Consensus Conference
Authors: W. Sterry, J. Barker, W.-H. Boehncke, J.D. Bos, S. Chimenti, E. Christophers, M. De La Brassinne, C. Ferrandiz, C. Griffiths, A. Katsambas, K. Kragballe, C. Lynde, A. Menter, J.-P. Ortonne, K. Papp, J. Prinz, B. Rzany, J. Ronnevig, J.-H. Saurat, M. Stahle, F.M. Stengel, P. Van De Kerkhof, J. Voorhees
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that usually requires long-term treatment for control. Approximately 25% of patients have moderate to severe disease and require phototherapy, systemic therapy or both. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic options, the long-term management of psoriasis can be complicated by treatment-related limitations. With advances in molecular research and technology, several biological therapies are in various stages of development and approval for psoriasis. Biological therapies are designed to modulate key steps in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Collectively, biologicals have been evaluated in thousands of patients with psoriasis and have demonstrated significant benefit with favourable safety and tolerability profiles. The limitations of current psoriasis therapies, the value of biological therapies for psoriasis, and guidance regarding the incorporation of biological therapies into clinical practice are discussed.
Retinal Diseases: Symposium on Differential Diagnostic Problems of Posterior Uveitis
Authors: Herbert E. Kaufma
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Even though the title of this book indicates that it is a  on differential diagnostic problems of posterior uveitis, in actual fact uveitis and its differential diagnosis occupy only approximately one fifth of the volume. Most of the book is given over to a review of the anatomy of the choroid and retina, the examination of the fundus by clinical techniques, degeneration of the macular area as well as the peripheral fundus, and tumors.  As might be expected, the publication of a symposium with a diversity of speakers yields a volume which is somewhat variable in its orientation, and which contains chapters of varying caliber and novelty. In general, however, the faculty is excellent and the work brings together in a pertinent way much of the previous knowledge.  The summaries are authoritative and, in general, good. Although the book is heterogeneous in regard to the topics discussed and the
NHS staff cheat to hit government targets, MPs say
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2003)

NHS staff are cheating to hit the government's targets, a report by an influential committee of MPs has said.

A report by the public administration select committee, On Target? Government by Measurement , has revealed allegations of cheating, perverse consequences, and distortions in pursuit of targets.

Accident and emergency (A&E) departments were “prone to creative accounting,” the report said. The BMA, the Royal College of Nursing, and the Patients Association told the committee how “targets for A&E maximum waiting times were being circumvented by imaginative fixes where trolleys either had their wheels …
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Outbreak Associated With Nude Mice in a Research Institute
Authors: Clare A. Dykewicz, Virginia M. Dato, Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, Marilyn V. Howarth, Gilda I. Perez-Oronoz, Stephen M. Ostroff, Howard Gary, Lawrence B. Schonberger, Joseph B. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

After an employee at a cancer research institute was diagnosed with lymphocytic choriomeningitis, an investigation was performed to determine the extent of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infections among the institute's employees and to identify risk factors for infection.Retrospective cohort study.A US cancer research institute.Eighty-two of 90 institute employees.Serum LCMV antibodies.Seven workers (9%) with definite LCMV infection (LCMV IgG antibody titer greater than or equal to 16) and one worker (1%) with probable infection (IgG titer = 8) were identified (10% overall seroprevalence). All infected employees handled animals or animal tissues and were more likely than other animal handlers to have worked with nude mice (Mus musculus) (P less than .02). Among the 31 employees who worked with nude mice at the institute, infected workers were more likely to clean the cages of nude mice (P much less than .001), change their bedding (P less than .01), and change their water (P less than .001). The institute had been injecting nude mice with LCMV-infected tumor cell lines and had recently increased the nude mouse population and the duration of experiments. These changes would have increased the LCMV burden at the facility and were temporally associated with the cluster of LCMV infections in employees.This LCMV outbreak, the first reported since 1974, is the first associated with nude mice. It illustrates the ongoing hazard LCMV poses in research laboratories. Since the symptoms of LCMV infection can be nonspecific, clinicians should consider this diagnosis in ill patients who report laboratory rodent exposure.