tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of ? thalassemia mutations and their linkage to ?-globin gene haplotypes in the Indo-Mauritians
Authors: Navaratnam Kotea, Rajendranath Ramasawmy, Chang Yong Lu, Nathalie Sem Fa, Nathalie Gerard, Sanjay Beesoon, Rolande Ducrocq, Soondal Koomar Surrun, Ronald L. Nagel, Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

The β thalassemia alleles in 53 thalassemic Indo-Mauritian patients and their families consisting of 23 homozygous β-thalassemia, 9 HbE/β-thalassemia, 18 HbS/β-thalassemia, 1 HbD/β-thalassemia, 1 δβ/β-thalassemia and 1 HbH/β-thalassemia from the island of Mauritius were studied. Characterization by polymerase chain reaction-based reverse dot blot hybridization technique revealed that the IVS1-5 (G→C) mutation accounted for 74% of the β thalassemic alleles, while six other mutations occurred at much lower frequencies: HbE codon 26 (G→A); 10.4%, codon 8/9 (+G); 3.5%, codon 30 (AGG→ACG) also called IVSI (-1).G→C; 3.5%, codon 15 (G→A); 3.5%, codon 41/42 (−CTTT); 2.4% and -28 (A→G); 2.4%. Association of these mutations to specific β globin gene sequence framework and haplotype allowed to trace their ancestral link. These data are useful in future molecular screening of the population in view of implementing a thalassemia prevention and control program in Mauritius. Am. J. Hematol. 63:11–15, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of Amikacin Sulfate (Amikin)
Authors: Donald O. Schiffman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Amikacin sulfate, the first semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic introduced in this country, is resistant to the bacterial enzymes that specifically inactivate kanamycin sulfate, gentamicin sulfate, and tobramycin sulfate. This agent is potentially effective, therefore, against many serious infections caused by Gram-negative organisms resistant to other aminoglycosides. It appears to be similar to gentamicin in its in vitro spectrum, in clinical applications, and in the incidence and severity of adverse reactions reported. Like the other drugs in this class, amikacin can cause renal and otic toxic reactions.
Pulmonary Vein Morphology in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Initiated by Ectopic Beats Originating From the Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Wei-Shiang Lin, V. S. Prakash, Ching-Tai Tai, Ming-Hsiung Hsieh, Chin-Feng Tsai, Wen-Chung Yu, Yung-Kuo Lin, Yu-An Ding, Mau-Song Chang, Shih-Ann Chen
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Successful ablation of ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins (PV) could eliminate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). However, information about the structure of the PV in patients with PAF that is initiated by PV ectopic beats has not been reported. Methods and Results —We studied the morphology of the PVs and measured their diameters in 3 groups of patients. Group I included 52 patients (aged 66±14 years; 44 men) with focal atrial fibrillation (AF) from the PVs. Group II included 8 patients (aged 50±10 years; 3 men) with focal AF from the superior vena cava or cristal terminalis. Group III included 23 control patients (aged 55±16 years; 17 men). Of the control patients, 11 had AV node and 12 had AV reentrant tachycardia. After an atrial transseptal procedure, selective PV angiography using a biplane system with a right anterior oblique view of 30 degrees, a left anterior oblique view of 60 degrees, and a cranial angle of 20 degrees was performed. The ostial and proximal portions of the right and left superior PVs (RSPV and LSPV) were significantly dilated in group I patients compared with those in groups II and III. Furthermore, the ostia of the RSPV and LSPV were significantly dilated in group II compared with group III patients. However, the mean diameters of the inferior PVs were similar between the 3 groups. Comparisons of the individual PV diameters among the 3 subgroups of group I (which was divided according to where the ectopic focus was located) showed nonselective dilatation of the PV. Conclusions —Nonspecific dilatation of the ostia and proximal portion of superior PVs were found in patients with PAF initiated by ectopic beats from the superior PVs.
A CARNIVOROUS DIET IN THE TREATMENT OF FLAGELLATE DIARRHEA
Authors: ROBERT W. HEGNER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

My object in this communication is to call the attention of physicians to a method of treatment that has great promise for the control of intestinal disturbances due to the presence of protozoa. Considerable evidence has been obtained from a study of lower animals that a carnivorous diet is unfavorable for the existence within the intestine of flagellates belonging to the genera Giardia (Lamblia) and Trichomonas . 1 The effects of such a diet on these and other intestinal protozoa in man can best be determined by physicians who have control of patients suffering from flagellate diarrhea or amebic dysentery. In the following paragraphs are presented briefly (1) the results of observations and experiments on animals, and (2) the results of treating human patients with a carnivorous diet.  Three rats that had been fed on a well balanced carnivorous diet throughout their lives (174 days) were found to be free from
Abstract 4781: Integrated epigenomic profiling reveals widespread demethylation in melanoma and reveals CSF-1 receptor as an aberrant regulator of malignant growth and invasion
Authors: Yongkai Mo, Orsolya Giricz, Caroline H. Hu, Kimberly B. Dahlman, Sanchari Bhattacharyya, Hoa Nguyen, Bernice Matusow, Tushar Bhagat, Rafe Shellooe, Elizabeth Burton, James Tsai, Chao Zhang, Gaston Habets, Yu Shyr, John Greally, Yiting Yu, Gideon E. Bollag, Richard Stanley, Jeffrey Trent, Paraic A. Kenny, Brian L. West, Jeffrey Sosman, Amit K. Verma
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Epigenetic alterations can direct carcinogenesis by leading to transcriptional changes and inducing genomic instability. We analyzed the methylome of malignant melanoma and observed widespread loss of DNA methylation that was found to preferentially occur outside of CpG islands. Demethylation was seen to occur early during carcinogenesis, was independent of mutational status and correlated with genomic instability. Parallel transcriptomic analyses revealed that various immune and cancer associated pathways were overexpressed and were associated with promoter demethylation. The CSF1-receptor (CSF1R) was aberrantly overexpressed and hypomethylated in nearly all cases and was strikingly expressed via an aberrant upstream promoter in 10% of melanomas. shRNA mediated knockdown and inhibition of CSF1R kinase via a clinically relevant inhibitor, PLX3397, led to decreased 3D growth and invasiveness. Co-inhibition of CSF1R and BRAF resulted in synergistic blockade of BRAF-mutant melanoma xenograft growth. Thus, widespread epigenetic changes are seen in melanoma and CSF1R is a potential therapeutic target in this disease. Citation Format: Yongkai Mo, Orsolya Giricz, Caroline H. Hu, Kimberly B. Dahlman, Sanchari Bhattacharyya, Hoa Nguyen, Bernice Matusow, Tushar Bhagat, Rafe Shellooe, Elizabeth Burton, James Tsai, Chao Zhang, Gaston Habets, Yu Shyr, John Greally, Yiting Yu, Gideon E. Bollag, Richard Stanley, Jeffrey Trent, Paraic A. Kenny, Brian L. West, Jeffrey Sosman, Amit K. Verma. Integrated epigenomic profiling reveals widespread demethylation in melanoma and reveals CSF-1 receptor as an aberrant regulator of malignant growth and invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4781. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4781
Pharmacokinetics and osteogenic potential of PEGylated NELL-1 in vivo after systemic administration
Authors: Jin Hee Kwak, Yulong Zhang, Juyoung Park, Eric Chen, Jia Shen, Chirag Chawan, Justine Tanjaya, Soonchul Lee, Xinli Zhang, Benjamin M. Wu, Kang Ting, Chia Soo
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Hard-core Smokers-Reply
Authors: John P. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr DiFranza and Ms Guerrera imply that we expect the decline in the prevalence of smoking in the United States to slow down because there exists a group of hard-core smokers who are unwilling or unable to quit. They claim that any such group must be alcoholics and predict that the prevalence of alcoholism among smokers will increase from 17% to 25% by the year 2000. The association between alcoholism and smoking is well known, but we suspect that Dr DiFranza and Ms Guerrera's calculations overestimate the current (and future) prevalence of alcoholics among smokers. First, they apply smoking prevalence figures and quit ratios among hospitalized alcoholics<sup>1</sup>to population-based data on prevalence of alcoholism. Smoking prevalence may be considerably higher among alcoholics undergoing treatment compared with persons classified as alcoholic in population-based surveys. They also assume no decline in smoking uptake in people who will later be
Press: Chronic fatigue syndrome guidelines spark media row
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Value of evidence based medicine at centre of dispute

A media furore erupted even before long awaited clinical practice guidelines for chronic fatigue syndrome were published in Australia.

“Sick and tired patients in uproar” blared one front page headline in a leading daily newspaper. “Patients slam guidelines on chronic fatigue syndrome” greeted readers of one of the medical news magazines.

The chairman of the ME/CFS Association of Australia, Simon Molesworth, was quoted as saying that the guidelines trivialised the condition, blamed sufferers, and would encourage misdiagnosis, inappropriate medical care, and misconceptions about the illness. He was also quoted saying that the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, which developed the guidelines, and The Medical Journal of Australia , which published them, could be held legally liable if patients were made sicker as a result of doctors following them.

In the eight days after the first stories appeared, Mr Molesworth, a prominent Queen's Counsel used to dealing with journalists, …
Responses conditioned to fear-relevant stimuli survive extinction of the expectancy of the UCS
Authors: Anne M. Schell, Michael E. Dawson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Davey suggests that increased resistance to extinction of CRs conditioned to fear-relevant stimuli may be due to more persistent expectancies of the UCS following these stimuli. However, this viewpoint is contradicted by existing empirical evidence that fear-relevant CRs survive an extinction trials series producing extinction of expectancies whereas CRs conditioned to non-fear-relevant CSs do not.
TCT-731 REASONS FOR HOSPITAL READMISSION WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Stefan Stortecky, Nicolas Arnold, Dik Heg, Crochan J. O'Sullivan, Thomas Pilgrim, Ahmed Khattab, Lutz Buellesfeld, Peter Wenaweser, Stephan Windecker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
LETTER FROM BERLIN.Koch Institute for Infectious Diseases.
Authors: Julius Friedenwald
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Of the many institutions established in Berlin for the advance of medical learning and research none is of greater importance than the Koch Institute for Infectious Diseases. Through the liberality of the Prussian government, this institution began its career on the 17th of August, 1891, and since then considerable important work has gone from its doors. The institute consists of two departments, the scientific department—a building of laboratories and a hospital. The scientific department occupies a large triangular building bordering on Charité, Unterbaum and Schumann streets. This is a building formerly utilized for dwelling purposes and which has been thoroughly rearranged for laboratory uses. In the cellar are janitor and servant apartments besides stalls arranged for the stabling of animals. The first story contains the important rooms of the scientific department, laboratories for the director of the institute and his assistants. On the second floor are found the laboratories of
Effect of electroconvulsive therapy on serum myelin basic protein immunoreactivity.
Authors: N R Hoyle, R T Pratt, D G Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A sensitive radioimmunoassay that can detect brain damage in cases of head injury and stroke was applied to blood samples from 13 patients before and after they received multiple treatments with electroconvulsive therapy for psychiatric disorder. None of the patients showed a significant increase in serum myelin basic protein immunoreactivity. As increased serum myelin basic protein immunoreactivity may reflect myelin damage it is apparent that in these patients electroconvulsive therapy did not cause measureable breakdown of myelin.
[431] HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IS CHARACTERIZED BY DIFFERENT CLAUDIN EXPRESSION PATTERN WITH RESPECT TO CIRRHOSIS AND HCV INFECTION
Authors: A. Holczbauer, G. Lotz, E. Batmunkh, A. Szijarto, P. Kupcsulik, Z. Schaff, A. Kiss
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Calcium transport in the rabbit superficial proximal convoluted tubule.
Authors: R C Ng, D Rouse, W N Suki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Calcium transport was studied in isolated S2 segments of rabbit superficial proximal convoluted tubules. 45Ca was added to the perfusate for measurement of lumen-to-bath flux (JlbCa), to the bath for bath-to-lumen flux (JblCa), and to both perfusate and bath for net flux (JnetCa). In these studies, the perfusate consisted of an equilibrium solution that was designed to minimize water flux or electrochemical potential differences (PD). Under these conditions, JlbCa (9.1 +/- 1.0 peq/mm X min) was not different from JblCa (7.3 +/- 1.3 peq/mm X min), and JnetCa was not different from zero, which suggests that calcium transport in the superficial proximal convoluted tubule is due primarily to passive transport. The efflux coefficient was 9.5 +/- 1.2 X 10(-5) cm/s, which was not significantly different from the influx coefficient, 7.0 +/- 1.3 X 10(-5) cm/s. When the PD was made positive or negative with use of different perfusates, net calcium absorption or secretion was demonstrated, respectively, which supports a major role for passive transport. These results indicate that in the superficial proximal convoluted tubule of the rabbit, passive driving forces are the major determinants of calcium transport.
Acute Appendicitis in the Newborn
Authors: R. D. G. Creery
Journal: BMJ (1953)

for the alleviation of physical stress, patients should be managed as would any other case of subarachnoid haemorrhage.After recovery from the acute illness, pregnancy should be allowed to progress to term.Spontaneous delivery, with adequate pharmacological and instrumental assistance, is advised, save in cases with recent haemorrhage, when caesarean section may occasionally be indicated.After recovery has occurred there is no justification for advising against further pregnancies.I am grateful to Professor F. J.
The American Public and the Gun Control Debate
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1996)

AS THE 1996 presidential election approaches, national opinion surveys show that public concern about violent crime will be one of the key election issues. A recent survey<sup>1</sup>reports that two thirds of Americans indicate that a candidate's position on crime would be important in deciding their vote for president. An important aspect of the broader debate over what to do about violent crime is the question of gun control. We can expect that as the election race heats up and the crime issue becomes more hotly debated, gun control will be an active part of that debate and will emerge as a major issue in its own right. On 1 side of the question are candidates who propose toughening gun control laws, especially on handguns. In opposition are those who call for limiting government's regulation of gun ownership and, in particular, advocate the repeal of the Brady Act and
Acute and Chronic Glomerular Nephritis
Authors: H. E. de Wardener
Journal: BMJ (1960)

ACUTE GLOMERULAR NEPHRITISThere is no known way to prevent acute glomerular nephritis from developing into chronic glomerular nephritis, though at one time antihistamine and nitrogen mustard derivatives were given for this purpose.The aim of treatment is to prevent the patient dying from the three immediate complications of the diseasenamely, acute renal failure, heart failure, and hypertensive encephalopathy.It is customary to keep the patient in bed, and in most cases this induces a brisk diuresis within 24-48 hours.A course of penicillin, 250 mg.twice a day by intra- muscular injection for 3-5 days, is begun after swabs from the throat or any obviously infected area have been taken.For the first day no food is given and the intake of fluid is limited to 500 ml.At the end of this time it is usually clear which direction the illness is taking.If the 24-hour urine volume is greater than 1,000 ml., no further dietary or fluid restrictions are necessary; if it is between 500 and 1,000 ml. the intake of fluid is increased by an amount equal to that of the urine excreted, and a low-salt and low-protein diet is given; if the urine volume is below 500 ml. the patient is considered to have acute renal failure.This is not the place to discuss the treatment of that emergency.
Hypothermia
Authors: Laurence H. Kedes, James B. Field
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE clinical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia have been repeatedly described1 2 3 4 5 6 7 and correlated with cerebral arteriovenous blood sugar differences.3 We have been impressed by an additional useful bedside sign, moderate hypothermia, associated with both obvious and unsuspected subnormal blood sugar levels. Although hypothermia has been mentioned in patients with profound hypoglycemic coma1 2 3 it has not previously been emphasized as a finding in mild clinical or asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Short abstracts of 5 cases are presented to illustrate the importance of recognizing hypothermia as indicative of hypoglycemia in the absence of profound coma or other symptoms suggestive of subnormal blood sugar. In . . .
TCT-830 Angiographic Success and Procedural Complications in Patients Undergoing Retrograde Percutaneous Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions: A Weighted Meta-Analysis of 3,482 Patients from 26 Studies
Authors: Abdallah El Sabbagh, Vishal G. Patel, Omar M. Jeroudi, Tesfaldet T. Michael, Mohammed E. Alomar, Owen Mogabgab, Eric Fuh, Michele Roesle, Bavana Rangan, Shuaib Abdullah, Jeffrey L. Hastings, Jerrold Grodin, Dharam J. Kumbhani, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Panayotis Fasseas, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 3289: Elevation of oxidative expression proteins in human ovarian epithelial carcinoma
Authors: Sharifeh Mehrabi, Shakeria Cohen, Felix O. Aikhionbare
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Oxidative stress, which results from an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant capacities, can cause a wide range of direct or indirect DNA damage to ovarian epithelium mucosa that is exposed to immense physiological changes, driven by cyclically altering hormone levels as a result of ovulation. The influence of ovulation contributed to the cause of increased oxidative stress in ovarian cells. In this study, we monitored and compared the level of oxidized carbonyl proteins in two subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer, Serous and endometriod with normal and normal surrounding tissue. We applied DNPH derivative colorimetric and immuneblot assay, two dimension gel electrophoresis (2-D SDS-PAGE), to identify and evaluate the level of oxidative modified protein in 100 snap-freeze epithelial ovarian tissues including, normal, normal surrounding, cystoadenoma, borderline and carcinoma with age range of 65±12, (56% Caucasian 44% Africa American. Our results showed that the index of carbonyl proteins /total proteins increased by onset and progression in both serous and endometriod ovarian malignancy. The elevation of oxidized proteins among African American was significantly higher than Caucasian in advanced stages of disease. SDS-PAGE profiles and western blot analysis of oxidized proteins showed a distinct protein expression pattern among cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. Our study suggests that the level of oxidative stress may be involved in the selective modification of some enzymes and structural proteins and could play a role in etiological differences that may exist between stages of benign and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors. Citation Format: Sharifeh Mehrabi, Shakeria Cohen, Felix O. Aikhionbare. Elevation of oxidative expression proteins in human ovarian epithelial carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3289. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3289
Importance of changes in epithelial cell turnover during Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis
Authors: M Anti, A Armuzzi, A Gasbarrini, G Gasbarrini
Journal: Gut (1998)

The role of Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis is supported almost exclusively by epidemiological data and prospective histopathological studies. From biological and molecular points of view, there is no evidence that H pylori or its cytotoxic products have any mutagenic effects. Nevertheless, this infection is associated with profound changes in the pattern of epithelial cell turnover in gastric glands, though the importance of these changes in gastric carcinogenesis is still controversial. H pylori infection increases cell proliferation and alters the distribution of cycling cells within these glands, but these changes can be reversed by successful eradication of the infection. Apoptosis seems to be increased in gastric epithelial cells during H pylori infection, as shown by in vitro studies. There is some, though no conclusive, evidence that this finding also occurs in H pylori positive subjects. It seems that cagA status influences the effect of H pylori on epithelial apoptosis in infected patients. An association of in vitro H pylori induced apoptosis with changes in the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes is reported in the literature, but further study is necessary to clarify the effect of H pylori infection on the molecular events of the apoptotic pathway.
L-arginine rescues decreased erythropoietin gene expression by stimulating GATA-2With L-NMMA
Authors: Shigehiko Imagawa, Takahisa Tarumoto, Norio Suzuki, Harumi Y. Mukai, Yuichi Hasegawa, Masato Higuchi, Tomohiro Neichi, Keiya Ozawa, Masayuki Yamamoto, Toshiro Nagasawa
Journal: Kidney International (2002)