tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Essential Hypertension
Authors: Roland E. Schmieder
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To determine the ability of various antihypertensive agents to reduce left ventricular hypertrophy, a strong, blood pressure-independent cardiovascular risk factor, in persons with essential hypertension.MEDLINE, DIMDI, RINGDOC, ADES, EMBASE, and review articles through July 1995 (English-language and full articles only).Meta-analysis of all published articles including only double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical studies with parallel-group design.Intensive literature search and data extraction according to a prefixed scheme performed independently by 2 investigators. Reduction of left ventricular mass index after antihypertensive therapy with placebos, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors was the principal parameter.Of 471 identified references describing the effects of antihypertensive drugs on left ventricular hypertrophy, only 39 clinical trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. We found that the decrease in left ventricular mass index was more marked the greater was the decline in blood pressure (systolic r=0.46, P<.001; diastolic r=0.21, P=.08) and the longer was the duration of therapy (r=0.38, P<.01). After adjustment for different durations of treatment (mean duration of treatment, 25 weeks), left ventricular mass decreased 13% with ACE inhibitors, 9% with calcium channel blockers, 6% with beta-blockers, and 7% with diuretics. There was a significant difference between drug classes (P<.01): ACE inhibitors reduced left ventricular mass more than beta-blockers (significant, P<.05) and diuretics (tendency, P=.08). Similar differences between drug classes were found with regard to effect on left ventricular wall thickness (P<.05).The database of articles published through July 1995 is small and incomplete, and most of the articles are of poor scientific quality. In this first meta-analysis including only double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical studies, decline in blood pressure, duration of drug treatment, and drug class determined the reductions in left ventricular mass index. The ACE inhibitors seemed to be more potent than beta-blockers and diuretics in the reduction of left ventricular mass index; calcium channel blockers were somewhat in the intermediate range. The ACE inhibitors and, to a lesser extent, calcium channel blockers emerged as first-line candidates to reduce the risk associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.
752-1 Microcirculatory Flow Dynamics During Peripheral Intravenous Injection of Echogen TM : Microscopic Visualization of Mesenteric Microcirculatory Flow with Simultaneous Transthoracic Echo Imaging in Cats
Authors: Shuping Ge, George G. Giraud, Takahiro Shiota, George A. Pantely, Jinping Xu, Zheng Gong, Masahiro Ishii, Xiaodong Zhou, Arthur Hall, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Cancer Cell-Autonomous TRAIL-R Signaling Promotes KRAS-Driven Cancer Progression, Invasion, and Metastasis
Authors: Silvia von Karstedt, Annalisa Conti, Max Nobis, Antonella Montinaro, Torsten Hartwig, Johannes Lemke, Karen Legler, Franka Annewanter, Andrew D. Campbell, Lucia Taraborrelli, Anne Grosse-Wilde, Johannes F. Coy, Mona A. El-Bahrawy, Frank Bergmann, Ronald Koschny, Jens Werner, Tom M. Ganten, Thomas Schweiger, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Istvan Kenessey, Balazs Hegedüs, Michael Bergmann, Charlotte Hauser, Jan-Hendrik Egberts, Thomas Becker, Christoph Röcken, Holger Kalthoff, Anna Trauzold, Kurt I. Anderson, Owen J. Sansom, Henning Walczak
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
Preliminary Phase II Data Suggest That Entinostat (SNDX275), a Class 1 Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (HDACi), May Resensitize Breast Cancer Patients Progressing on Aromataste Inhibitor (AI) Therapy to Their AI Therapy.
Authors: A. Wardley, J. McCaffrey, J. Crown, R. Stein, Z. Malik, D. Rea, P. Barrett-Lee, G. Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AI), reduce peripheral conversion of androgen to estrogen, and are standard treatment for ER+ breast cancer (BCA); however, despite initial benefit, the disease eventually progresses. Once patients become resistant to AI, cytotoxic chemotherapy is often used for palliation. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been shown preclinically to reverse AI resistance and sensitize tumor to AI. Entinostat, an oral selective HDACi, reverses both de novo and acquired hormone resistance in BCA in cell lines and xenograph models and has been well-tolerated, in humans, as a single agent and in combination with other agents tested to date.Methods: Postmenopausal women with ER+ BCA progressing while receiving AI for &amp;gt; 3 months were enrolled. Eligibility criteria included: measurable disease by RECIST criteria, PS 0 or 1, and ≤ 1 chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Exclusion criteria included: rapidly-progressing BCA, life-threatening metastases, chemotherapy within 3 months, and previous exposure to epigenetic modulating agents. Patients continued the AI therapy on which the cancer was progressing, with the addition of entinostat 5 mg weekly in 28-day cycles. Primary objective was to determine clinical benefit rate during the first 6 cycles, defined as the proportion of patients achieving CR, PR or SD lasting &amp;gt; 6 months. Secondary objectives included ORR and PFS. Exploratory biomarkers for anti-tumor activities and entinostat pharmacology were also measured.Results: To date, 24 patients have been enrolled from October 2008 – May 2009. Interim results from 20 patients are described here. The median age is 69 yrs. Eight (40%) and 12 (60%) patients had ECOG scores of 0 and 1, respectively. Fifteen patients (80%) had received tamoxifen; 12 (60%) had prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Nine patients (45%) had visceral involvement (lung, pleura, and liver), and 10 had metastases to bone, 3 to breast, and 1 to skin. Among the 10 patients who have completed ≥ 2 cycles, preliminary analysis indicates that the longest durations of SD thus far are &amp;gt; 6 months in 1 and &amp;gt; 5 months in 2 patients. Preliminary analysis of biomarkers in paired samples from 6 patients indicates that HDAC inhibition correlates with changes in cellular molecular targets. Entinostat has been well-tolerated. The majority of AEs were mild to moderate in severity, and the character of AEs was generally consistent with that seen with AI therapy.Conclusion: Entinostat in combination with AI was well-tolerated in patients with progressive BCA. Disease stabilization in several patients was observed. At dose administered, expected pharmacological effects were achieved. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6111.
TCT-645 Comparison of Angiographic and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Sirolimus-, Paclitaxel-, Zotarolimus-, and Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation in Small Coronary Target Vessels and Long Lesions
Authors: Soon Jun Hong, Chul-Min Ahn, Do-Sun Lim, Jae Hyoung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Pathogenesis of Amniotic-Fluid Embolism
Authors: Albert E. Weiner, Duncan E. Reid
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

IN 1941 Steiner and Lushbaugh1 described the syndrome of amniotic-fluid embolism, which they believed to be the major cause of death during labor. The clinical picture that they observed in 8 patients included dyspnea, shock, cyanosis and pulmonary edema. Amniotic débris was found in the lungs of these patients at autopsy, and the authors believed that embolic blockage of the pulmonary arterioles and capillaries was the immediate cause of death. The profound shock that was an early and prominent feature of this condition was thought to be anaphylactoid owing to entrance of foreign protein material into the maternal circulation. However, . . .
More on Literature Filing
Authors: DANIEL R. OLSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1973More on Literature FilingDANIEL R. OLSON, M.D.DANIEL R. OLSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-3-459_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gaeke and Gaeke, in their article on filing medical literature (Ann Intern Med78:985-987, 1973), make a very good case for using the table of contents and index of a "standard" text on internal medicine as the basis for a simple, expandable literature-filing system. Until recently, I had used Chatton and Sanazaro'sCurrent Medical References(5th ed., 1967) in a similar fashion, most of the time using files designated by chapter only. But articles were numbered according to chapter and the page number of their text, to incorporate the index of the text itself. In condensed form,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1973Volume 79, Issue 3Page: 459-459 Issue Published: 1 September 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
PU.1 is essential for MLL leukemia partially via crosstalk with the MEIS/HOX pathway
Authors: J Zhou, J Wu, B Li, D Liu, J Yu, X Yan, S Zheng, J Wang, L Zhang, L Zhang, F He, Q Li, A Chen, Y Zhang, X Zhao, Y Guan, X Zhao, J Yan, J Ni, M A Nobrega, B Löwenberg, R Delwel, P J M Valk, A Kumar, L Xie, D G Tenen, G Huang, Q-f Wang
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
A Comprehensive Model of Stress
Authors: G. Majella de Jong, Eric van Sonderen, Paul M.G. Emmelkamp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; In this study, a complex theoretical model regarding the stress-distress relationship was evaluated. The various components in the model included experienced stress (daily hassles), psychological distress, neuroticism, problem-focused coping, avoidant coping, satisfaction with received social support and unassertiveness. On the basis of various previous findings, experienced stress was assumed to have a direct effect on psychological distress. In addition, neuroticism was assumed to have a direct effect on psychological distress as well as an indirect effect through its association with experienced stress, problem-focused coping, avoidant coping, satisfaction with social support and unassertiveness. Further, both problem-focused and avoidant coping were assumed to affect the level of psychological distress directly as well as indirectly through their influence on experienced stress. Similarly, satisfaction with social support was assumed to have a direct beneficial effect on psychological distress in addition to an indirect effect through its association with coping and experienced stress. Finally, unassertiveness was assumed to have a direct effect on psychological distress as well as an indirect effect through its influence on experienced stress and coping. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; A covariance path analysis technique (LISREL) was used. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; A considerable predictive power of the model could be demonstrated. Experienced stress and neuroticism turned out to be most predictive of psychological distress. The effects of social support, coping and unassertiveness on psychological distress were seriously attenuated by their common association with neuroticism. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Above all, the present findings underscore the need to investigate all variables that are expected to play a role simultaneously so as to be able to take their interdependency into account. It is argued that although such comprehensive models may be more difficult to interpret as of yet, they are likely to more closely resemble reality.
PERFORMANCE MEASURES IN ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: 2 YEARS TEMPORAL CHANGES AND ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT. INSIGHTS FROM THE EURO HEART SURVEY ACS III REGISTRY
Authors: Francois Schiele, Hector Bueno, Marco Tubaro, Nicolas Meneveau, Matthias Hochadel, Wojtek Wojakowski, Marek Gierlotka, Lech Polonski, Jean-Pierre Bassand, Keith A.A. Fox, Anselm K. Gitt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Effect of Adding Ready-to-Use Supplementary Food to a General Food Distribution on Child Nutritional Status and Morbidity: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lieven Huybregts, Freddy Houngbé, Cécile Salpéteur, Rebecca Brown, Dominique Roberfroid, Myriam Ait-Aissa, Patrick Kolsteren
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Background Recently, operational organizations active in child nutrition in developing countries have suggested that blanket feeding strategies be adopted to enable the prevention of child wasting. A new range of nutritional supplements is now available, with claims that they can prevent wasting in populations at risk of periodic food shortages. Evidence is lacking as to the effectiveness of such preventive interventions. This study examined the effect of a ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) on the prevention of wasting in 6- to 36-mo-old children within the framework of a general food distribution program. Methods and Findings We conducted a two-arm cluster-randomized controlled pragmatic intervention study in a sample of 1,038 children aged 6 to 36 mo in the city of Abeche, Chad. Both arms were included in a general food distribution program providing staple foods. The intervention group was given a daily 46 g of RUSF for 4 mo. Anthropometric measurements and morbidity were recorded monthly. Adding RUSF to a package of monthly household food rations for households containing a child assigned to the intervention group did not result in a reduction in cumulative incidence of wasting (incidence risk ratio: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.11; p = 0.25). However, the intervention group had a modestly higher gain in height-for-age (+0.03 Z-score/mo; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.04; p<0.001). In addition, children in the intervention group had a significantly higher hemoglobin concentration at the end of the study than children in the control group (+3.8 g/l; 95% CI: 0.6, 7.0; p = 0.02), thereby reducing the odds of anemia (odds ratio: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.82; p = 0.004). Adding RUSF also resulted in a significantly lower risk of self-reported diarrhea (−29.3%; 95% CI: 20.5, 37.2; p<0.001) and fever episodes (−22.5%; 95% CI: 14.0, 30.2; p<0.001). Limitations of this study include that the projected sample size was not fully attained and that significantly fewer children from the control group were present at follow-up sessions. Conclusions Providing RUSF as part of a general food distribution resulted in improvements in hemoglobin status and small improvements in linear growth, accompanied by an apparent reduction in morbidity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01154595 Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Study finds hepatitis C infections more prevalent than previously thought
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The prevalence of hepatitis C infection in England could be more than three times as high as test results in GP surgeries would suggest, show the findings of a pilot pharmacy study carried out by the Hepatitis C Trust.

The three month pilot, offering free hepatitis B and C testing on site, was run at 19 pharmacies in five primary care trusts across England between May and August last year.

During the trial, 234 tests were carried out, 35 of which were positive for hepatitis C antibodies, equating to a prevalence of 15%. This is substantially higher than the 4% suggested by tests carried out in GP surgeries in 2008, says the report. …
PETA continues to claw at Columbia scientists
Authors: Rick Ring, Stacie Bloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has been aggressively campaigning for animal rights since its inception in 1980, when its undercover investigation of a Maryland primate laboratory exposed numerous abuses. This investigation resulted in the first-ever conviction of animal researchers and the first US Supreme Court victory for laboratory animals. Today, with over 800,000 members, PETA is the world’s largest animal rights support group. The group broadcasts its continuing struggle against laboratory animal abuse with very public, eye-catching, and provocative campaigns. One long-standing and dogged movement is directed against animal research at Columbia University.

According to the federal Animal Welfare Act, an estimated 23 million mammals, from rodents to primates, have been killed in laboratory studies. The targets of recent PETA condemnation are Columbia University professors Michel Ferin and Raymond Stark, and assistant professor E. Sander Connolly, who use such mammals in their experiments. Connolly studies brain damage resulting from strokes, and has been successful in elucidating new neuroprotective mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in mice and baboons.

Although Columbia University sanctioned Connolly’s pro-ject in March 2000, PETA continues to release a firestorm of criticism and movement against the practice of clinical testing and against Columbia University in particular. PETA maintains a website dedicated entirely to the university (http://www.columbiacruelty.com), which reports offenses on the part of researchers and refers to Ferin, Stark, and Connolly as “Columbia’s Death Squad.” Unafraid to use words like “grotesque” and “horrifying,” PETA juxtaposes films of alleged abuse with calls for action “to end the cruel and crude experiments, which have no practical value.”

An in-house investigation into Connolly’s experiments, spurred by a former Columbia University veterinarian and PETA informant, was ordered by the university in early 2003, and has thus far found no evidence of any significant violations of conduct. For now, Connolly himself has halted the studies until the formal investigation is complete. PETA, meanwhile, updates its Columbia-centric website with current developments and celebrity endorsements and urges support from the public. Of course, animal testing has not ceased, so research scientists and PETA continue to wrangle. While many researchers consider animal research to be necessary, PETA considers it murder.
Hypophysitis and Hypopituitarism
Authors: P. B. S. Fowler
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MMICAJOURNAL 51 abnormal blood gas values.I.P.P.V. affords greater patient comfort, both by preventing painful over-riding of fractured ribs and by permitting the use of adequate doses of analgesics.The early use of I.P.P.V. will tend to obviate the later development of the " wet-lung " syndrome.Furthermore, the use of I.P.P.V. by effecting the internal splinting of the fractured ribs prevents subsequent gross deformity of the thoracic cage.Dr. Leigh also refers to the possible dele- terious effects of I.P.P.V. on cardiac output and cerebral blood flow.Our usual practice is to use the minimum positive pressure commensurate with adequate ventilation.However, the pressure required depends on the state of the lungs, and if the compliance is low, high inflationary pressures are necessary.If severe hypotension does occur as the result of I.P.P.V., this is treated with vasocon- strictor drugs.-Weare, etc.,
Neutralizing Antibodies Against AAV Serotypes 1, 2, 6, and 9 in Sera of Commonly Used Animal Models
Authors: Kleopatra Rapti, Vedell Louis-Jeune, Erik Kohlbrenner, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Dennis Ladage, Sergei Zolotukhin, Roger J Hajjar, Thomas Weber
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors are promising gene delivery vehicles for human gene transfer. One significant obstacle to AAV-based gene therapy is the high prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in humans. Until now, it was thought that, except for nonhuman primates, pre-existing neutralizing antibodies are not a problem in small or large animal models for gene therapy. Here, we demonstrate that sera of several animal models of cardiovascular diseases harbor pre-existing antibodies against the cardiotropic AAV serotypes AAV1, AAV6, and AAV9 and against AAV2. The neutralizing antibody titers vary widely both between species and between serotypes. Of all species tested, rats displayed the lowest levels of neutralizing antibodies. Surprisingly, naive mice obtained directly from commercial vendors harbored neutralizing antibodies. Of the large animal models tested, the neutralization of AAV6 transduction by dog sera was especially pronounced. Sera of sheep and rabbits showed modest neutralization of AAV transduction whereas porcine sera strongly inhibited transduction by all AAV serotypes and displayed the largest variation between individual animals. Importantly, neutralizing antibody titers as low as 1/4 completely prevented in vivo transduction by AAV9 in rats. Our results suggest that prescreening of animals for neutralizing antibodies will be important for future gene transfer experiments in these animal models.
Outcomes of In-Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation in Children
Authors: Ricardo A. Samson, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Peter A. Meaney, Scott M. Carey, Marc D. Berg, Robert A. Berg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are less common causes of cardiac arrest in children than in adults. These tachyarrhythmias can also begin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), presumably as reperfusion arrhythmias. We determined whether the outcome is better for initial than for subsequent ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia.All cardiac arrests in persons under 18 years of age were identified from a large, multicenter, in-hospital cardiac-arrest registry. The results from children with initial ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, children in whom ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia developed during CPR, and children with no ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia were compared by chi-square and multivariable logistic-regression analysis.Of 1005 index patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, 272 (27 percent) had documented ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia during the arrest. In 104 patients (10 percent), ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia was the initial pulseless rhythm; in 149 patients (15 percent), it developed during the arrest. The time of initiation of ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia was not documented in 19 patients. Thirty-five percent of patients with initial ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia survived to hospital discharge, as compared with 11 percent of patients with subsequent ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (odds ratio, 2.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.8). Twenty-seven percent of patients with no ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia survived to hospital discharge, as compared with 11 percent of patients with subsequent ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (odds ratio, 3.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8 to 7.6).In pediatric patients with in-hospital cardiac arrests, survival outcomes were highest among patients in whom ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia was present initially than among those in whom it developed subsequently. The outcomes for patients with subsequent ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia were substantially worse than those for patients with asystole or pulseless electrical activity.