tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Variations in the Strength of Left Ventricular Contraction on Aortic Valve Closure in the Dog
Authors: GÖTZ VON BERNUTH, ANASTASIOS G. TSAKIRIS, EARL H. WOOD
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

The efficiency of aortic valve closure was studied in five experiments on three normal dogs by simultaneous roentgen videodensitometry, upstream sampling of dye dilution and recording of flow velocity and direction in the ascending aorta using a chronically implanted electromagnetic flowmeter. The aortic valve closed effectively during regular ventricular contractions. However, aortic reflux was observed whenever a weak ventricular contraction produced an opening of the aortic valve that was barely detectable, as evidenced by a minimal aortic pressure pulse and stroke volume. This type of aortic regurgitation was mild and invariably occurred at the end of ventricular ejection, coincident with the aortic incisura. Such regurgitation may be clinically significant in some instances of bigeminal rhythm or rapid atrial fibrillation, and is especially important for the evaluation of aortic angiograms. It further supports the concept that competent aortic valve closure depends on vortex formation in the sinus of Valsalva of sufficient degree to keep the aortic valve leaflets in partial apposition during ejection of blood from the ventricle across the aortic valve.
Type I Glanzmann thrombasthenia: Most common subtypes in North Indians
Authors: M. Kannan, Rafeeq P.H. Ahmed, Paresh Jain, Rajive Kumar, V.P. Choudhry, Renu Saxena
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract The expression of GPIIb/IIIa on the platelet surface was assessed in 10 patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia and their families by flow cytometry to determine the common subtype in North Indians. Glanzmann thrombasthenia was diagnosed in patients with bleeding manifestations accompanied by absent/reduced platelet aggregation, secondary to ADP, ADR, arachidonic acid, and collagen. Flow cytometry revealed variable GPIIb/IIIa expression by CD61 and CD41 in patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia on the basis of CD61 levels, six patients were subtyped as type I because they had absent GPIIb/IIIa, three patients were subtyped as type II because their GPIIb/IIIa levels varied from 7.72% to 20.40%, and one patient was diagnosed as type III, because his clot retraction was 60% and GPIIb/IIIa was 46.0% of normal. Four fathers, three mothers, and five siblings were found to have GPIIb/IIIa levels less than 35% of normal. It is possible that low GPIIb/IIIa levels in family members may reflect their carrier status. It is postulated that flow cytometric estimation of GPIIb/IIIa in parents/siblings may detect carrier status in Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Am. J. Hematol. 74:139–141, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
In aggressive forms of mastocytosis, TET2 loss cooperates with c-KITD816V to transform mast cells
Authors: Erinn Soucie, Katia Hanssens, Thomas Mercher, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Gandhi Damaj, Cristina Livideanu, Maria Olivia Chandesris, Yolène Acin, Sebastien Létard, Paulo de Sepulveda, Olivier Hermine, Olivier A. Bernard, Patrice Dubreuil
Journal: Blood (2012)
Surgeon wins court of appeal battle four years after dismissal
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A surgeon who lost his claim for unfair dismissal after he was sacked for allegedly lying about an operation that went wrong has won the right to take his case back to the employment tribunal for a new ruling.

More than four years after David Skidmore was dismissed, the appeal court ruled that Dartford and Gravesham NHS Trust should have used the disciplinary procedure for professional misconduct and should not have treated his case as one of personal misconduct.

Three appeal court judges ruled that the case should go back to an employment tribunal to reconsider whether his dismissal was unfair. …
Merit Awards for General Practitioners
Authors: C. R. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1 and 3 genes play an important role in initiating tumor growth and promoting cell spread. Since MMP1 and MMP3 transcription levels can be modulated by promoter polymorphism, we investigated the impact of different genotypes on the occurrence of head and neck cancer in a Caucasian case control study. DNA was extracted from 126 male head and neck cancer patients and from 249 male hospitalized-based controls. Genotyping was carried out using PCR multiplex allowing the co-amplification of MMP1-1607 bp and MMP3-1171 bp polymorphisms. PCR products were separated on a capillary electrophoresis. The MMP1-2G and the MMP3-6A allele frequencies were significantly lower in cases than in controls. In particular homozygous 2G/2G individuals were at lower risk of cancer than the 1G/1G carriers (OR= 0.37 95%CI [0.19-0.71], p=0.003). MMP1 and MMP3 polymorphisms were in moderate linkage disequilibrium in cases and controls (D9=0.41 and D9=0.46). Haplotype frequencies distribution derived from these 2 polymorphisms was significantly different between cases and controls (p=0.01). The haplotype analysis suggested an implication of both MMP1 and MMP3 polymorphisms in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility. Indeed, the presence of the MMP1-2G and MMP3-6A alleles seemed to be associated with decreased risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma but mainly when they were carried by the same haplotype. By comparison to the 1G-5A haplotype, the 2G-6A haplotype was associated with a lower risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (OR= 0.52 95%CI [0.34-0.80], p=0.003).
2-Cys peroxiredoxin function in intracellular signal transduction: therapeutic implications
Authors: Sang Won Kang, Sue Goo Rhee, Tong-Shin Chang, Woojin Jeong, Min Hee Choi
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2005)

H(2)O(2) is a reactive oxygen species that has drawn much interest because of its role as a second messenger in receptor-mediated signaling. Mammalian 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have been shown to eliminate efficiently the H(2)O(2) generated in response to receptor stimulation. 2-Cys peroxiredoxins are members of a novel peroxidase family that catalyze the H(2)O(2) reduction reaction in the presence of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and NADPH. Several lines of evidence suggest that 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have dual roles as regulators of the H(2)O(2) signal and as defenders of oxidative stress. In particular, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin appears to provide selective, specific and localized control of receptor-mediated signal transduction. Thus, the therapeutic potential of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins is clear for diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, that involve reactive oxygen species.
Present Status of Subclinical Intestinal Malabsorption in the Tropics
Authors: J. M. Falaiye
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A review of the literature on subclinical intestinal disease shows its probable relevance in certain nutritional deficiencies in the indigenous residents of tropical climates. A significant incidence of intestinal disease has been defined among asymptomatic fit-looking adult Nigerians. The results of subsequent investigation into the pathogenesis of this disorder strongly point to hypoalbuminaemia as the important factor capable of producing a biochemically and histologically defined malabsorptive state leading to subnormal nutritional status among members of this community.
The family factor
Authors: A. Schattner
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Hayim was 22 years old, but he did not know it. Like his only brother, he was afflicted from birth by a rare genetic disorder that made him totally incapacitated, bedridden, contracted, mute, and unresponsive. Nevertheless, he had not spent a single day at an institution. Both children were cared for at home, primarily by their father.

Recently Hayim again developed high fever. This had happened several times before and was always successfully treated by our children’s hospital. This time he was admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine with bilateral pneumonia, likely due to aspiration, although he had been …
US doctors see average income fall
Authors: C.-G. Mcdaniel
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The average net income for American physicians fell by 3.8% in 1994, says the American Medical Association. This represents the first decline in annual compensation since the association began compiling data on doctors' salaries. While physicians' income has declined, the Health Care Financing Administration reported that national health care expenditures rose by an estimated 6.1% in 1994.

The association's Center for Health Policy Research in Chicago found that the average income for physicians, excluding residents and those employed by the federal government, fell to $150000 (pounds sterling100000) in 1994 from $156000 (pounds sterling104000) …
Tender Leg Nodules in a Hospitalized Patient
Authors: Darlene E. Gou, Jake E. Turrentine, Kiran Motaparthi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A prospective study of alcohol consumption and bone mineral density.
Authors: T L Holbrook, E Barrett-Connor
Journal: BMJ (1993)

<b>Objective.</b> To evaluate coverage of leadership-related competencies in a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) curriculum and the impact of co-curricular and extracurricular experiences on students’ leadership perceptions and self-efficacy. <b>Methods.</b> Course syllabi were used to comprehensively map the PharmD curriculum to 11 competencies related to the Leadership CAPE outcome. A survey was developed and administered to all first year through fourth year pharmacy (P1-P4) students to evaluate their leadership experience and engagement, and to assess their attitudes and self-efficacy in 11 leadership competencies. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate student level of engagement in leadership activities and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare students’ attitudes and self-efficacy based on the extent of leadership engagement. <b>Results.</b> Curriculum mapping revealed that all competencies were covered in at least one course at the introductory or reinforce levels. There were 362 students (68% of all PharmD students) who completed the survey. When responses from students who reported active engagement in pharmacy student organizations (defined as e-board member or chair of committee, N=142 or 39% of respondents) were compared to the rest of the cohort, statistically significantly better attitudes and self-efficacy were seen in 7 of 11 competencies. Perceptions and self-efficacy of the 72 students (19.9%) who reported active engagement in non-pharmacy organizations did not significantly differ from those not actively involved in any organizations. <b>Conclusion.</b> The leadership competencies curriculum mapping exercise was useful in identifying gaps in coverage and depth of coverage, inconsistencies in course objectives accurately reflecting coverage of leadership topics and competencies, and considerations that should be given to co-curricular leadership development. Active leadership engagement in pharmacy student organizations should be encouraged because of associated improved leadership perceptions and self-efficacy.
Morphological Changes in the Terminal Oesophagus with Varices, Following Sclerosis of the Wall
Authors: B. Helpap, L. Bollweg
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

Autopsies were performed on 53 patients with oesophageal varices treated with ethoxysclerol to effect sclerosis of the terminal oesophageal wall. The morphological changes after perivascular injection, disturbance of wound healing and complications are described. In 20 cases it was possible to follow the various stages of the normal resorptive inflammatory reaction with transition to perivascular sclerosis of the oesophageal wall. Fatal complications tended to arise in cases with an existing oesophageal lesion produced by the mechanical action of an oesophageal tube. Deeply penetrating mucosal ulcers, perforation of the wall and phlegmonous inflammation leading to mediastinitis were observed in almost 75% of the cases. The results of this morphological analysis might be used as a basis for a prospective morphological study of patients with varices treated with oil-containing solutions injected into the oesophageal wall.
Risk Factors for the Persistent Expression of Atopic Dermatitis in a High-Risk Birth Cohort
Authors: A. Singh, R. Gangnon, M. Evans, K. Roberg, C. Tisler, D. DaSilva, T. Pappas, L. Pleiss, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Medicine: more than a career for my daughter
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Medicine is boring. I gaze through the wire mesh window into the car park with the mis-spelt graffiti painted in white emulsion. Programmes like ER , House , Peak Practice , and Dr Kildare are twaddle. Medicine is humdrum: the same people, the same complaints, the same practised spiels—in my brain mainly there is just an annoying buzzing sound. It's a similar existence for consultants, in their carpet tiled concrete monoliths, but at least they have the respite of an occasional game of table tennis in the mess. The only glamour in medicine …
Critical roles of TRAIL in hepatic cell death and hepatic inflammation
Authors: Shi-Jun Zheng, Pu Wang, Galit Tsabary, Youhai H. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis of tumor cells but not most normal cells. Its role in hepatic cell death and hepatic diseases is not clear. In vitro studies suggest that murine hepatocytes are not sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, indicating that TRAIL may not mediate hepatic cell death. Using two experimental models of hepatitis, we found that hepatic cell death in vivo was dramatically reduced in TRAIL-deficient mice and mice treated with a blocking TRAIL receptor. Although both TRAIL and its death receptor 5 were constitutively expressed in the liver, TRAIL expression by immune cells alone was sufficient to restore the sensitivity of TRAIL-deficient mice to hepatitis. Thus, TRAIL plays a crucial role in hepatic cell death and hepatic inflammation.
An Analysis of Structural Influences on Selection in RNA Genes
Authors: N. K. Mimouni, R. B. Lyngso, S. Griffiths-Jones, J. Hein
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcripts that do not code for protein but rather function as RNA in catalytic, regulatory, or structural roles in the cell. ncRNAs are involved in universally conserved biological processes, including protein synthesis and gene regulation, and have more specific roles, such as in X-chromosome inactivation in eutherian mammals. In this paper, we propose and investigate a hypothesis for patterns of sequence selection in structurally conserved ncRNAs. Previous attempts at defining RNA selection compared rates of evolution between paired and unpaired bases with largely inconclusive results. Our approach focuses only on paired bases in ncRNAs with conserved structure. By analogy to the different properties of codon positions based on the genetic code, we use a well-developed energy model for RNA structure to classify stem positions into structural classes and argue that they are under different selective constraints. We validate the hypothesis on several RNA families and use simulated data to verify the evolutionary origin of signals. Our class labeling is shown to be a better model of ncRNA evolution than the tradition of treating stem positions equally. As well as providing a better understanding of RNA evolution, the evolutionary footprint we identify can easily be incorporated into gene finders to improve their specificity.
Diagnostic Value of Small Oral Doses of Folic Acid in Megaloblastic Anaemia
Authors: J. L. Thirkettle, K. R. Gough, A. E. Read
Journal: BMJ (1964)

of serum levels of vitamin B12 and folate has meant that megalo blastic anaemias can be more readily classified as being due to deficiency of one or occasionally both of these substances. The excretion of formiminoglutamic acid (figlu) in the urine of patients with folic-acid deficiency has further aided this differen tiation. However, unless these tests clearly indicate deficiency of one substance with normal levels of the other, differentiation is often not precise. It has been shown that in vitamin-B12 deficiency serum-folate levels can be low, normal, or raised (Hansen and Weinfeld, 1962), and in folic-acid deficiency the vitamin-B12 level may be normal or reduced (Johnson et al., 1962. Figlu excretion may also occur in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency (Chanarin et al., 1962). There would therefore seem to be a place for the use of a therapeutic trial of vitamin
Intensive Ambulatory Treatment of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Authors: PHILIP FELIG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes has been changing in the last 3 years with the increasing application of intensive ambulatory treatment programs involving self-monitoring of blood glucose levels by the patient. Insulin is administered either as multiple manual daily injections or as a continuous subcutaneous infusion delivered by a portable pump. We discuss the implementation, efficacy, complications (including recent reports of deaths in pump-treated patients), and cost of such programs. The potential effectiveness in preventing the long-term complications of diabetes warrants offering a program of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels combined with multiple manual daily insulin injections as a routine treatment option to virtually all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Additional observations on safety and efficacy are needed before insulin pump treatment can be considered a routine option. Furthermore, whether intensive treatment involving either manual or pump administration of insulin alters the risk of hypoglycemia as compared with conventional management remains to be established.
Effect of parathyroid hormone on erythropoiesis.
Authors: D Meytes, E Bogin, A Ma, P P Dukes, S G Massry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Inhibitors of erythropoiesis have been found in the blood of uremic patients but their nature has not been identified. These patients have excess blood levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and it is possible that PTH inhibits erythropoiesis. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of intact PTH molecules and some of its fragments on human peripheral blood and mouse bone marrow burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), on mouse bone marrow erythroid colony-forming unit (CFU-E), and granulocyte macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM), and evaluate the interaction between PTH and erythropoietin (Ep) on human BFU-E. Intact PTH (1-84 bPTH) in concentrations (7.5-30 U/ml;) comparable to those found in blood of uremic patients produced marked and significant (P less than 0.01) inhibition of BFU-E and mouse marrow GFU-GM, but not of mouse marrow CFU-E. Inactivation of 1-84 bPTH abolished its action on erythropoiesis. Increasing the concentration of Ep in the media from 0.67 to 1.9 U/ml overcame the inhibitory effect of 1-84 bPTH on BFU-E. The N-terminal fragment of PTH (1-34 bPTH) and 53-84 hPTH had no effect on BFU-E. The results demonstrate that (a) either the intact PTH molecule or a C-terminal fragment(s) bigger than 53-84 moiety exerts the inhibitory effect on erythropoiesis, and (b) adequate amounts of Ep can overcome this action of PTH. The data provide one possible pathway for the participation of excess PTH in the genesis of the anemia of uremia.
Cloning and expression of the defective genes from a patient with delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase porphyria.
Authors: N Ishida, H Fujita, Y Fukuda, T Noguchi, M Doss, A Kappas, S Sassa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Cloning and expression of the defective genes for delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) from a patient with inherited ALAD deficiency porphyria (ADP) were carried out. Cloning of cDNAs for the defective ALAD were performed from EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells of the proband, and nucleotide sequences were determined. Two separate point mutations resulting in a single amino acid change in each ALAD allele were identified. One, C718----T, termed 'G1', occurred in the allele within the substrate-binding site, producing an Arg240----Trp substitution; the other, G820----A, termed 'G2', occurred downstream of this site in the other allele, resulting in an Ala274----Thr substitution. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the mother, the brother, and the sister were shown to have the G1 defect. Expression of the G1 cDNA in Chinese hamster ovary cells produced ALAD protein with little activity; the G2 cDNA produced the enzyme with approximately 50% normal activity. Pulse-labeling studies demonstrated that the G1 enzyme had a normal half life, while the G2 enzyme had a markedly decreased half life. These data thus define the separate point mutations in each ALAD allele, as well as the altered properties of the two enzymic proteins encoded by the mutant genes in a patient with ADP.
Rational policy making for early psychosis might yet become possible
Authors: A. J. Pelosi
Journal: BMJ (2012)

On the basis of the results of previous investigations, Morrison and colleagues estimated that without active treatment 30% of their study participants with at risk mental states would later develop schizophrenia.1 However, only 9% of control subjects and 7% of those who received cognitive therapy developed a psychotic illness.

They have been warned about this lowering of the transition rate for a …
An autoperfusion technique for nonsteady-state vascular pressure-flow analysis in the rat
Authors: G. M. WALSH, A. J. TOBIA, E. D. FROHLICH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

A technique was developed to measure pressure-flow relationships in the autoperfused intact subclavian vascular bed of areflexic rats. Changes in blood flow and perfusion pressure were produced by occlusion of the aortic arch. This perfusion technique is suitable for evaluating vascular extensibility and responsiveness in the rat.
A SCLEROCORNEAL TREPHINE
Authors: Brown Pusey
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In my first use of the Stephanson trephine I felt the need of the shoulder attachment as a factor of safety. I used this attachment in several operations and in two of them found that the shoulder interfered with the application of the cutting surface at the sclerocorneal junction because of the fold of the turned-down conjunctival flap.  I then used the instrument without the shoulder attachment, but there is some danger in this.  To avoid these troubles (troubles at least for the beginner in this very promising operation), I have had made a trephine with a barrel of even diameter for 0.75 mm. from the cutting edge, then a slight flare, as shown in the accompanying picture. This makes a very safe and very efficient instrument; indeed the instrument has proved so satisfactory that I venture to call attention to it.  7 West Madison Street.