tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Congenital Pyloric Stenosis in Binovular Twins
Authors: E. S. R. Hughes, H. A. D. Small, J. W. F. Macky
Journal: BMJ (1949)

examination was, however, carried out and a greatly hyper- trophied pylorus was found with complete sten6sis.Case 3.-This occurred in July, 1948.The child was a male and the projectile vomiting started towards the end of the second week.Visible peristalsis and a palpable mass were again found after feeding.Treatment with 1/750 gr.(0.875 mg.) of eumydrin before feeds was begun, and from the outset the condition was good.On this occasion co-operation from the parents was forthcoming and it was possible to carry out a Rammstedt operation in the early stages.Recovery was rapid and uneventful.
Role of protein kinase C-δ in the regulation of collagen gene expression in scleroderma fibroblasts
Authors: Sergio A. Jimenez, Svetlana Gaidarova, Biagio Saitta, Nora Sandorfi, David J. Herrich, Joan C. Rosenbloom, Umberto Kucich, William R. Abrams, Joel Rosenbloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Working with cultured dermal fibroblasts derived from control individuals and patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), we have examined the effects of protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) on type I collagen biosynthesis and steady-state levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 mRNAs. Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKC-delta, exerted a powerful, dose-dependent inhibition of type I and type III collagen gene expression in normal and SSc cells. Optimal rottlerin concentrations caused a 70-90% inhibition of type I collagen production, a >80% reduction in COL1A1 mRNA, and a >70% reduction in COL3A1 mRNA in both cell types. In vitro nuclear transcription assays and transient transfections with COL1A1 promoter deletion constructs demonstrated that rottlerin profoundly reduced COL1A1 transcription and that this effect required a 129-bp promoter region encompassing nucleotides -804 to -675. This COL1A1 segment imparted rottlerin sensitivity to a heterologous promoter. Cotransfections of COL1A1 promoter constructs with a dominant-negative PKC-delta expression plasmid showed that suppression of this kinase silenced COL1A1 promoter activity. The results indicate that PKC-delta participates in the upregulation of collagen gene transcription in SSc and suggest that treatment with PKC-delta inhibitors could suppress fibrosis in this disease.
Myxoma of the Left Atrium
Authors: HENRY P. GOLDBERG, FRANK GLENN, CHARLES T. DOTTER, ISRAEL STEINBERG
Journal: Circulation (1952)

A case of intra-atrial myxoma manifested clinically by evidences of mitral stenosis and peripheral emboli is presented in detail. The diagnosis was made during life and confirmed by angiocardiography. The surgical procedure, attempted as a last resort, is described, as are the postmortem findings. This case points the way to possible surgical cure in similar lesions.
Betel Nut Chewing
Authors: Joseph Westermeyer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  With regard to the recent QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS article on betel nut chewing among Indochinese refugees in the United States (1982;247:2715), I would like to add four further pertinent items. First, long-term betel nut chewers tend to have a variety of oral pathologic conditions besides leukoplakia. These include the gradual absorption of the calcium by the lime, gingivitis, periodontitis, and chronic osteomyelitis. Second, I have had a few patients who have been able to obtain betel supplies in the United States through oriental grocery stores (Taiwan is the source). It costs about $2 to $5 per day. Third, most long-term betel nut chewers are women in their middle and older years. Fourth, whereas in Asia they would not hesitate to come to the physician with the betel nut cud in their buccal pouch, in the United States they are removing them before physician visits. Thus, the physician
The Challenges of Community Medicine
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book demonstrates that the traditional material of preventive medicine and public health can be presented in a timely, interesting, and nonpedantic manner. The various authors first describe basic techniques for defining community health problems, present an outstanding exposition of epidemiological concepts, and sketch the perimeters of health service research. A look at the organization of medical care follows, from the point of view of both the consumer as well as the objective physician. This controversial topic is fairly presented. The third section, to develop the rationale for professional standards review, carefully analyzes the processoutcome combination. Physicians engaged in the PSRO hassle would do well to read this portion for some very useful information. In the fourth, and last, part of the book there is an excellent discussion of factors—air, water, occupation, psychosocial aspects, behavior, population— that influence health and disease. These are today's problems expressed in today's idiom. This
Postnatal age-related renal responses to hypoxemia in lambs.
Authors: D N Weismann, W R Clarke
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The role of normocapnic hypoxemia (arterial PO2 33 +/- 7 torr for 30 minutes) in asphyxial renal failure and its modification by maturation of renal function was studied in 50 chronically catheterized, unanesthetized lambs of 2-38 days postnatal age. Arterial pH and PCO2 did not change significantly in response to hypoxemia in these lambs. Normocapnic hypoxemia was associated with (1) significant percent increases in arterial serum osmolality (1.82 +/- 2.96%, P = 0.0001), arterial blood lactate concentration (1009 +/- 2092%, P = 0.0018), arterial blood hematocrit (6 +/- 12%, P = 0.0016), arterial hemoglobin concentration (4.6 +/- 6.5%, P = 0.0004), arterial plasma vasopressin (2370 +/- 3340%, P = 0.0001), arterial plasma renin activity (153 +/- 230%, P = 0.0001), arterial plasma aldosterone (91.3 +/- 143%, P = 0.0001), and fractional sodium excretion rate (120 +/- 240%, P = 0.007); and (2) significant percent decline in glomerular filtration rate (-22.6 +/- 32.6%, P = 0.0003). Several responses to hypoxemia correlated significantly with postnatal age, including (1) positive correlation of postnatal age with percent change in blood osmolality (r = 0.36, P = 0.010), hematocrit (r = 0.48, P = 0.0005), hemoglobin (r = 0.59, P = 0.0004), and lactate (r = 0.72, P = 0.0001), suggesting greater water movement from the intravascular compartment in response to hypoxemia in more mature lambs; and (2) positive correlation of postnatal age with change in urinary flow rate (r = 0.66, P = 0.0001), urinary sodium excretion rate (r = 0.65, P = 0.0001), and osmolar clearance rate (r = 0.60, P = 0.0002), suggesting a greater effect of hypoxemia on the renal tubules to decrease sodium reabsorption in more mature kidneys. Thus, normocapnic hypoxemia may play a role in asphyxial renal failure, and the immature kidney does not have increased susceptibility to this condition.
Dendrimer phthalocyanine-encapsulated polymeric micelle-mediated photochemical internalization extends the efficacy of photodynamic therapy and overcomes drug-resistance in vivo
Authors: Hsueh-Lin Lu, Wei-Jhe Syu, Nobuhoro Nishiyama, Kazunori Kataoka, Ping-Shan Lai
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Groundwater pollution by nitrates from livestock wastes.
Authors: V M Goldberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Utilization of wastes from livestock complexes for irrigation involves the danger of groundwater pollution by nitrates. In order to prevent and minimize pollution, it is necessary to apply geological-hydrogeological evidence and concepts to the situation of wastewater irrigation for the purposes of studying natural groundwater protectiveness and predicting changes in groundwater quality as a result of infiltrating wastes. The procedure of protectiveness evaluation and quality prediction is described. With groundwater pollution by nitrate nitrogen, the concentration of ammonium nitrogen noticeably increases. One of the reasons for this change is the process of denitrification due to changes in the hydrogeochemical conditions in a layer. At representative field sites, it is necessary to collect systematic stationary observations of the concentrations of nitrogenous compounds in groundwater and changes in redox conditions and temperature.
Handbook of Congenital Malformations
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This is an attempt at a compendium for which many people have felt a need. Malformations are indexed mainly according to organ system primarily involved; a section at the end provides systematized information organized according to etiology: infectious agents (cytomegalic inclusion disease, rubella, etc) and physical and chemical agents (thalidomide, aminopterin, radiation, etc). To various contributors the editor has assigned chapters dealing with malformations in their area of specialization. The organization in each is alphabetical according to the author's preferred designation for the malformation. The information given includes synonyms, brief description and statement of diagnostic methods, prevalence, associated anomalies, hereditary factors, treatment and outlook, and bibliographic reference (s). There are 32 figures which add a good deal; many more would be helpful. The editor takes proper account of fundamental heterogeneity which is likely to exist in most categories of malformation. He properly warns that the information given under "Hereditary
Masked Monitoring in Clinical Trials — Blind Stupidity?
Authors: C L Meinert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

In randomized clinical trials of treatment, information about which subjects are receiving the new treatment and which are receiving the standard treatment is often withheld from both the researchers and the subjects. Such masking is a reasonable precaution to prevent bias. However, many trials have a special monitoring committee to decide when to stop or modify a trial, and this committee is also often asked to review masked data. Monitoring committees review interim results to make certain continued randomization does not expose one group of subjects to inferior treatment.14 When a significant difference emerges, enrollment is stopped or the . . .
Quantification of recruitable coronary collateral blood flow in conscious humans and its potential to predict future ischemic events
Authors: Nico H.J. Pijls, G. Jan Willem Bech, Mamdouh I.H. El Gamal, Hans J.R.M. Bonnier, Bernard De Bruyne, Jacques J. Koolen, Berry Van Gelder, H. Rolf Michels
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Pseudolithiasis and Intractable Hiccups in a Boy Receiving Ceftriaxone
Authors: Eugenio Bonioli, Carlo Bellini, Paolo Toma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: A 10-year-old boy was hospitalized for high-grade fever and treated with intravenous ceftriaxone (50 mg per kilogram of body weight per day). After two days cholelithiasis was diagno...
Abstract C95: Correlated intrinsic breast cancer subtypes and expression of CD47 in BM predicts recurrence
Authors: Makoto Nagahara, Kenichi Sugihara, Masaki Mori
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: The intrinsic breast cancer subtypes have shown the prognostic features. Focused on CD47 expression in bone marrow (BM), we previously demonstrated that CD47 is an important biomarker in breast cancer, and functions as a prognostic factor for DFS. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between breast cancer subtypes and CD47 expression in BM, which may indicate clinical implications. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate CD47 mRNA expression in bone marrow (BM) and in peripheral blood (PB) from 738 cases of breast cancer. ER, PR, and Her2 scores were obtained from immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and Her2 FISH analysis conducted for IHC 2+. Results: According to ER, PR, and Her2 statuses, the groups of Her2 enriched (ER- and PR- and Her2 3+) and triple negative(ER- and PR- and Her2-) were divided (n=38 and 72). The 5 years disease free survival rates in each subgroup were as followed: p=0.0004; ER+ and PR+ and Her2- 0.94, ER+ and/or PR+ or- and/or Her2+ or- 0.16, Her2 enriched 0.23, triple negative 0.34). In patients with high levels of CD47 expression in the BM, survival was significantly poorer compared to patients with low levels of CD47 expression (DFS of Her2 enriched group: P=0.003, DFS of triple negative group: P=0.002). Furthermore, high CD47 expression group in a multivariate analysis showed significance as an independent variable for poorer prognosis in DFS (P = 0.02). In the PB, however, high CD47 expression in patients was not an independent and significant prognostic factor for DFS and OS in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: We confirmed that overexpression of CD47 in BM correlated with the aggressiveness of Her2 enriched and triple negative subgroups. CD47 is a useful prognostic biomarker for predicting survival of Her2 enriched and triple negative subgroups in breast cancer. We suggest that high CD47 expression in BM may represent tumor dormancy in breast cancer involved in postsurgical recurrence and metastasis of Her2 enriched and triple negative subtypes. Citation Format: Makoto Nagahara, Kenichi Sugihara, Masaki Mori. Correlated intrinsic breast cancer subtypes and expression of CD47 in BM predicts recurrence. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C95.
Edna, in Her Words
Authors: Dwaine Rieves
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum7 November 2000Edna, in Her WordsDwaine Rieves, MDDwaine Rieves, MDWashington, DC 20009 (Rieves)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-9-200011070-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail On the file's front page, she's assignedno diagnosis, no Latin offshootto name the disease on a line.It's the reason we return to her pain,unraveling symptoms on alternate months,restating the signs, every cul-de-sacand every algorithm's arrowed option endingwith an answer of nothing wrong, everyduplicate test and well-inked consultantagreeing—her spine's clicking does not exist,the corrugated rub's simply not there.Within all pain: an upper spotunattended, a warm under-walland an iron rail splitting the middle.It's the picture Edna uses to describeher daughter, a daughter, she says, turnedin Wal-Mart and the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, DC 20009 (Rieves)Corresponding Author: Dwaine Rieves, MD, 1907 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 November 2000Volume 133, Issue 9Page: 742KeywordsAlgorithmsCombined antiretroviral therapyPainSpine ePublished: 7 November 2000 Issue Published: 7 November 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Marrow suppression from mercury poisoning?
Authors: D R Ryrie, P J Toghill, M K Tanna, G N Galan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BIURTISH 499 while they were on a gluten-free diet, but we believe that even these can be explained on the natural history of the disease.After all, the average duration of dermatitis her- petiformis without a gluten-free diet is four years, and we have patients who have had spontaneous remissions (without a glutenfree diet) for periods of up to four years.More cases who needed no dapsone while on their diet and relapsed when the diet was stopped, like case 17 in the series of Drs.Marks and Whittle, are needed to establish that gluten has an effect on the rash, and such case histories have not yet been published.We believe indeed that none of the published evidence shows that the rash, in contrast to the enteropathy, of dermatitis herpetiformis is improved by gluten withdrawal.-Weare, etc.,
"AN EXPEDIENT TO CONTROL EPISTAXIS"
Authors: Robert Sonnenschein
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, January 19, Dr. J. G. Levine of New York describes a method of stopping epistaxis by means of a finger cot into which gauze is packed, after the former is placed in the nose. Let me say that I am glad he has called attention to this little measure, which I have been in the habit of using for the last fifteen years; in fact, during all this time, a package of finger cots has been an essential part of the armamentarium carried in my grip. I have also during this time been teaching this method to the students at Rush Medical College, using a finger cot with petrolatum on the outside so that it will not stick, and filling it with cotton, which I believe gives a more elastic pressure than gauze. Until a few years ago, I also used this method after
Enhancement of macrophage candidacidal activity by interferon-gamma. Increased phagocytosis, killing, and calcium signal mediated by a decreased number of mannose receptors.
Authors: L Maródi, S Schreiber, D C Anderson, R P MacDermott, H M Korchak, R B Johnston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

In contrast to its macrophage-activating capacity, IFN-gamma downregulates expression of the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), which mediates uptake of Candida and other microorganisms. We found that IFN-gamma induced a concentration-dependent increase in the capacity of human monocyte-derived macrophages to ingest and kill both opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans and to release superoxide anion upon stimulation with Candida. Mannan or mannosylated albumin inhibited this activated uptake of unopsonized Candida, but glucan did not. Addition of mAb to complement receptor (CR) 3 did not inhibit ingestion; macrophages that lacked CR3 (leukocyte adhesion defect) showed normal upregulation of ingestion by IFN-gamma. The increased candidacidal activity of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages was associated with reduced expression of MMR by a mean of 79% and decreased pinocytic uptake of 125I-mannosylated BSA by 73%; K(uptake) of pinocytosis was not changed. Exposure of resident macrophages to unopsonized Candida did not elicit a transient increase in intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i); macrophages activated by IFN-gamma expressed a brisk increase in [Ca2+]i on exposure to Candida. These data suggest that macrophage activation by IFN-gamma can enhance resistance to C. albicans infection in spite of downregulation of the MMR, perhaps through enhanced coupling of the MMR to microbicidal functions.
Discovery and characterization of LY2784544, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of JAK2V617F
Authors: L Ma, J R Clayton, R A Walgren, B Zhao, R J Evans, M C Smith, K M Heinz-Taheny, E L Kreklau, L Bloem, C Pitou, W Shen, J M Strelow, C Halstead, M E Rempala, S Parthasarathy, J R Gillig, L J Heinz, H Pei, Y Wang, L F Stancato, M S Dowless, P W Iversen, T P Burkholder
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

Owing to the prevalence of the JAK2V617F mutation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), its constitutive activity, and ability to recapitulate the MPN phenotype in mouse models, JAK2V617F kinase is an attractive therapeutic target. We report the discovery and initial characterization of the orally bioavailable imidazopyridazine, LY2784544, a potent, selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of janus kinase 2 (JAK2) tyrosine kinase. LY2784544 was discovered and characterized using a JAK2-inhibition screening assay in tandem with biochemical and cell-based assays. LY2784544 in vitro selectivity for JAK2 was found to be equal or superior to known JAK2 inhibitors. Further studies showed that LY2784544 effectively inhibited JAK2V617F-driven signaling and cell proliferation in Ba/F3 cells (IC50=20 and 55 nM, respectively). In comparison, LY2784544 was much less potent at inhibiting interleukin-3-stimulated wild-type JAK2-mediated signaling and cell proliferation (IC50=1183 and 1309 nM, respectively). In vivo, LY2784544 effectively inhibited STAT5 phosphorylation in Ba/F3-JAK2V617F-GFP (green fluorescent protein) ascitic tumor cells (TED50=12.7 mg/kg) and significantly reduced (P<0.05) Ba/F3-JAK2V617F-GFP tumor burden in the JAK2V617F-induced MPN model (TED50=13.7 mg/kg, twice daily). In contrast, LY2784544 showed no effect on erythroid progenitors, reticulocytes or platelets. These data suggest that LY2784544 has potential for development as a targeted agent against JAK2V617F and may have properties that allow suppression of JAK2V617F-induced MPN pathogenesis while minimizing effects on hematopoietic progenitor cells.
Automatic implatable cardioverter — defibrillators IN patients without inducible ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Paul Troup, Jule N. Wetherbee, Peter Chapman, Paul Peterson, Ranjan Thakur, Vickie Tucker, Jan Veseth-Rogers, G.Hossein Almassi, Gordon Olinger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Surgeons, Sleep, and Patient Safety
Authors: Michael J. Zinner
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles of Economic Analysis of Health Care Technology
Authors: Robert G. Evans
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 March 1996Principles of Economic Analysis of Health Care TechnologyRobert G. Evans, PhDRobert G. Evans, PhDUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-5-199603010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Sacristan and colleagues suggest that we ask not why some pharmaceutical companies supported the Task Force but why others did not. In fact, I raised both questions in my editorial. One might expect reimbursement agencies to be enthusiastic about the development of guidelines that are effective for the purposes claimed—distinguishing cost-effective drugs from the others. But they held back: Emptores cavebant.Sacristan and coworkers would have us infer that this indicates bias on the part of purchasers. My inference was rather that this should raise suspicions about the guideline process itself. As emphasized in the editorial, the “lack ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert G. Evans, PhDAffiliations: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1996Volume 124, Issue 5Page: 536KeywordsBehaviorDrugsHand strengthHealth careHealth economics ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 March 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...