tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic ulceration of the leg: extent of the problem and provision of care.
Authors: M J Callam, C V Ruckley, D R Harper, J J Dale
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A postal survey in two health board areas in Scotland, encompassing a population of about one million, identified 1477 patients with chronic ulcers of the leg. Women outnumbered men by a ratio of 2.8:1. The median age of the women was 74 and of the men 67. Seventy two (5%) were hospital inpatients, 174 (12%) were managed jointly by the primary care team and outpatient departments, and 1201 (83%) were managed entirely in the community. Efforts to improve the management of chronic ulcers of the leg should focus on primary health care.
ABC of 1 to 7: whooping cough.
Authors: H B Valman
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The present epidemic of whooping cough warrants a reappraisal of prevention and management.Young infants receive no protective immunity from their mothers and have the highest incidence of complications.Immunisation is directed at increasing herd immunity and reducing exposure of infants to the disease in older children.Persistent neurological abnormalities associated with immunisation occur, particularly when the known contraindications are ignored or not elicited.
Reviews and Notes: Society and Health
Authors: Nancy E. Gary
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 July 1996Reviews and Notes: Society and HealthNancy E. Gary, MDNancy E. Gary, MDEducational Commission foreign Medical Graduates, Philadelphia, PA 19104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-1-199607010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail BC Amick 3d, S Levine, AR Tarlov, and DC Walsh; eds. 374 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 1995. $49.95. ISBN 019508506X. Order phone 800-451-7556.This book, which is a collection of papers that were presented at the 1992 Conference on Society and Health in Boston, contains something for everyone who is interested in health as it intersects with societal issues. The purpose of the book is to bring together selected papers that focus on the importance of social variables as determinants of health. The internationally recognized scholars who contributed papers achieve the book's goal by describing the effects of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Educational Commission foreign Medical Graduates, Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 1Page: 79KeywordsChild healthForecastingHealth careHealth information technologyPopulation statisticsPrevention, policy, and public healthRacial and ethnic issuesResearch reporting guidelinesScientistsSexual identity ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fire down below
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Someone somewhere must have been the first to compare reorganising the NHS with rearranging the deckchairs on the Titanic . The joke does not bear analysis—the health service is not about to capsize—but “rearranging the deckchairs” entered the language because it catches the real feeling in the engine room about activities on the bridge.

The only people who go up and down the ladder between the two are doctors. A few of us spend part …
Abstract 447: Hypoxia upregulates Nodal expression via the HIF-1 pathway in poorly metastatic breast cancer cells
Authors: Meghan J. Taylor, Lynne-Marie Postovit
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Low tumour oxygen levels (hypoxia) are associated with a poor clinical prognosis for breast cancer patients. The acquisition of a plastic, stem cell-like phenotype is similarly associated with resistance to therapy and increased metastatic potential. Recent studies have demonstrated that metastatic breast cancer cells express the embryonic stem cell factor Nodal, and that the expression of this protein is correlated with breast cancer progression. Our research establishes that hypoxia induces Nodal expression in poorly metastatic breast cancer cells. The effects of hypoxia on Nodal expression in poorly metastatic MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells, which do not endogenously express Nodal, were examined by exposing cells to decreasing concentrations of oxygen (20%-0.5%) for varying amounts of time (0 h - 48 h). Additionally, reoxygenation experiments were performed by exposing cells to 0.5% oxygen for 24 h and restoring them to 20% oxygen for 0 h - 6 days. Time course and dose response experiments determined that T47D cells exposed to 0.5% oxygen for 48 hours saw a maximal (1.5 fold) induction of Nodal mRNA expression and marked increase in protein levels. This expression persisted for up to 6 days with reoxygenation at 20% oxygen. The molecular mechanism underlying the hypoxic induction of Nodal expression was examined by investigating the role of the HIF-1 pathway. HIF-1α expression was knocked down with siRNA and cells exposed to 0.5% oxygen, and conversely, HIF-1α was over-expressed and cells exposed to 20% oxygen. The HIF-1α-specific siRNA returned Nodal expression to control levels in hypoxia and over-expression of HIF-1α elicited an upregulation of Nodal expression in normoxic conditions. This work reveals a mechanism by which a normally stem cell-associated factor can be upregulated by hypoxia in poorly metastatic breast cancer cells. Furthermore, it provides additional insight into the oxygen-mediated regulation of cancer cell plasticity and metastatic potential. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 447.
International Volunteer Medicine—Reply
Authors: Maya Roberts
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brain Abnormalities Demonstrated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adult IDDM Patients With and Without a History of Recurrent Severe Hypoglycemia
Authors: Petros Perros, Ian J Deary, Robin J Sellar, Jonathan JK Best, Brian M Frier
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE Previous studies of a cohort of 100 patients with IDDM have shown that a history of recurrent severe hypoglycemia is associated with a modest impairment of cognitive function. The aim of the present study was to determine whether IDDM patients with and without a history of severe hypoglycemia have lesions in the brain that are identifiable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and to investigate the putative relationship of any structural brain abnormalities with cognitive function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS MRI and MRS of the brain were performed in 22 patients from the original cohort. Eleven IDDM patients with no history of severe hypoglycemia (group A) were compared with 11 IDDM patients who had a history of five or more episodes of severe hypoglycemia (group B). RESULTS Nine patients (41%) had abnormal scans. Two types of abnormalities were observed: high-intensity rounded lesions, &amp;gt; 3 mm in diameters, distributed in the periventricular white matter (leukoaraiosis) in four patients; and cortical atrophy in five patients. Five patients in group B had cortical atrophy, whereas no patient in group A demonstrated this feature (P &amp;lt; 0.05). MRS of the frontal and parietal lobes showed no differences in the N-acetyl aspartate/creatine or N-acetyl aspartate/choline ratios between groups A and B. Patients with cortical atrophy showed a nonsignificant trend toward reduced performance on Rapid Visual Information Processing. CONCLUSIONS Brain abnormalities demonstrated by MRI are common in patients with IDDM of long duration and are suggestive of premature aging of the brain. IDDM per se may be an important pathogenic factor, but a significant association was observed between a history of recurrent severe hypoglycemia and cortical atrophy, which may be related to the modest impairment of cognitive function that has been reported previously.
1209 TREATMENT-EMERGENT VARIANTS FOLLOWING 3 DAYS OF MONOTHERAPY WITH IDX719, A POTENT, PAN-GENOTYPIC NS5A INHIBITOR, IN SUBJECTS INFECTED WITH HCV GENOTYPES 1–4
Authors: J.F. McCarville, M. Seifer, D.N. Standring, D.L. Mayers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The Labyrinthine Reactions of Experienced Aviators
Authors: D. Ranken
Journal: BMJ (1920)

tim 7x2rnmU-0bdominal reflexes on one or both sides, exaggeration of thle knee-jerks, patellar clonus, ankle clonus, and-most important-plantar extensor response of tlhe big toe, witl fanning of the otlher toes, paresis, loss of sense of position, uiid diminution of bone sensibility show that there is a lesion involving the pyramidal tracts an'd the posterior columin.The superficial sensibility is usually unaffected.
A Controlled Trial of Intravenous Immune Globulin for the Prevention of Serious Bacterial Infections in Children Receiving Zidovudine for Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Stephen A. Spector, Richard D. Gelber, Nuala McGrath, Diane Wara, Asher Barzilai, Elaine Abrams, Yvonne J. Bryson, Wayne M. Dankner, Robert A. Livingston, Edward M. Connor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Serious bacterial infections are common in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Studies performed before zidovudine became standard therapy found that intravenous immune globulin decreases the number of serious bacterial infections in these children. We designed a multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous immune globulin in children with advanced HIV infection who were receiving zidovudine.In a double-blind trial 255 children between 3 months and 12 years of age who had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous immune globulin (400 mg per kilogram of body weight) (n = 129) or placebo (0.1 percent albumin) (n = 126) every 28 days. All children received 180 mg of zidovudine per square meter of body-surface area orally four times daily. Treatment assignment was stratified according to whether the patients had a history of one or more serious bacterial infections, had previously been treated with zidovudine, or were currently receiving prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The median length of follow-up was 30.6 months.The estimated two-year rates of serious bacterial infections with confirmed pathogens were 16.9 percent for the immune globulin group and 24.3 percent for the placebo group (relative risk, 0.60; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.35 to 1.04; P = 0.07). The treatment effect was seen primarily among the 174 children who were not receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis at entry; the estimated two-year rates of infection were 11.3 percent for the immune globulin group and 26.8 percent for the placebo group (relative risk, 0.45; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.91; P = 0.03). For the 81 children who were receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis initially, the rates were 27.7 percent in the immune globulin group and 17.7 percent in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.26; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.44 to 3.66; P = 0.67). The two-year survival was similar in the two groups: 79.2 percent among immune globulin recipients and 75.4 percent among placebo recipients (P = 0.41).In children with advanced HIV disease who are receiving zidovudine, intravenous immune globulin decreases the risk of serious bacterial infections. However, this benefit is apparent only in children who are not receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as prophylaxis.
IMPACT OF INTRAVENOUS HEPARIN ADMINISTERED PRIOR TO PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: ANALYSIS FROM THE HORIZONS-AMI TRIAL
Authors: Eugenia Nikolsky, Roxana Mehran, George D. Dangas, Alexandra Lansky, LeRoy Rabbani, Giulio Guagliumi, Ran Kornowski, Franz Hartmann, Martin Fahy, Bernard Witzenbichler, Jan Z. Peruga, Louise Gambone, Helen Parise, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Dietary Fat and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Harold Newmark
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SOME RECENT ADVANCES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: C. Worster-Drought
Journal: BMJ (1930)

imia v l)eol)le ga ll-stones ca u,e 1no appreciable discomfort, 0)1 oilIY 1-1nh as can he relieved by mied'eical treatment.Blt we have no medical lleanils of dissolvingo or evaeuating o tI-stoles; anld altloigi thee someties pass spoil- taciseOully al-ong) the dbe_ts, or' escape thiro'ugil fistulae inito tI e gastr)-ilItestillaI tract they arle very r'ai-elv coiiipletelv *.aillate(l ini eithier of these wavs.i'lhe foll3wilng arle solme Of the serious consequlinces of y beoare opelrating for thle 1reo11val of ga:ill-stones.I 1. Spptiorationl, perforation, peritonitis, aeute and (-hOlliC pt lp icael.. a. osten-arthritis.2. Jaunidoe and cholangitis, with r'isk of eholaemialand I (.1noIlrri.age./ 3. Cl(aii-eiof the gall-bladder.-which develops, according tiB R(llestonll and others, Ei at leaist 5 per cenjt. of all cases (te gill-stones.The danger of tibis comnplication is gri-eater tbain that of operation.4. Intestinal obstruction l)v gall-slones x-lwich have nlcer- zIt.ed iltO thie bowel. 5. Panicr-eatitis.6. Hepatic insnfic ieln'v.7. Cardiac degenerationl.Whlien l)ossible, it is safer to wait fora quiiet inter-val before oper-ating, so as to allow thioroigil iMvestigation.anllt pelparation of the patielnt.Fortmnately, the acute synii- ptonis, such as colic, jaundice, and(l fever, genierally suibsi(le uniidere careful miiedical treatmenit; for, uilike the apleni(liax, the gall-bladder rarely perforates or sets ul) spireadlincr a'r itonitis.WN'heni signs of spr-eading lleritolitis do develop, oi an en11larged, tender gall-bladder can be felt, anid s mniptoms snIch as voMiting, fever, ancd rigors do nlt abate, ol signs of acute l)aiicreatitis (levelop; ani inmmediate opelration is necessary.Similarly], wA-hen jauntlice, associated witlh fever, fails to clear uip under mi-edical treatmiienit, ani early opera-
EGF-dependent enhancement of invasive ability in squamous cell carcinoma of the breast.
Authors: F Kimura, K Iwaya, T Kawaguchi, K Yamada, A Ogata, H Kaise, S Komatsu, Y Nakamura, N Ueda, K Mukai, N Kohno
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2061 The factors promoting the clinical aggressiveness of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is still not well understood. In order to examine whether the mechanism of cell motility is involved in the aggressive behavior of squamous cell carcinoma, we established a squamous cell carcinoma cell line from breast primary (HBC 9) and assayed its invasiveness. The number of HBC9 cells migrating through matrigel was significantly increased by stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF). This enhancement of cell motility was distinctly detected in comparison with four ductal carcinoma cell lines (MCF7, BT474, HBC5, and MDA-MB-231). EGF stimulation also induced surface protrusions of HBC9 cells. To examine the interaction between Arp2/3 complex and N-WASP which is the final intracellular signal of invadopodia formation that is downstream from EGF stimulation, we observed surface protrusion of HBC 9 by laser microscopy. Co-localization of Arp2 and N-WASP was detected with actin polymerization visualized by phalloidin. Furthermore, the localization of cortactin was found to agree with that of N-WASP and Arp2/3 complex in the invadopodia. The cortactin gene copy number was evaluated using real time PCR by comparison between 12 DNA samples extracted from primary mammary squamous cell cancer tissue and those from corresponding normal breast tissue. A higher level of cortactin was detected in cancer tissue than in normal tissue in 10 cases (83%). At a protein level, intense immunostaining of cortactin was detected in all 12 cases, among which expression was confirmed in 2 cases by Western blot analysis. These results suggest that one of the causes of clinical aggressiveness of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is the enhancement of cell motility by invadopodial formation. Overexpression of cortactin may result in the formation of invadopodium. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2061.
Comparative Study of Intraocular Lens Implantation Through 3.2- and 5.5-mm Incisions
Authors: Tetsuro Oshika, Shunji Tsuboi, Shigeo Yaguchi, Fumiaki Yoshitomi, Toshiyuki Nagamoto, Kunihiro Nagahara, Kazuyuki Emi
Journal: Ophthalmology (1994)
Vitamin D insufficiency and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Tait D. Shanafelt, Matthew T. Drake, Matthew J. Maurer, Cristine Allmer, Kari G. Rabe, Susan L. Slager, George J. Weiner, Timothy G. Call, Brian K. Link, Clive S. Zent, Neil E. Kay, Curtis A. Hanson, Thomas E. Witzig, James R. Cerhan
Journal: Blood (2010)
TCTAP A-196 Impact of Low Dose Atorvastatin on Development of New-onset Diabetes Mellitus in Asian Population: Five-year Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Ji Young Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Jae Woong Choi, Sung Kee Ryu, Se Yeon Choi, Yoonjee Park, Akkala Raghavender Goud, Hu Li, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Imatinib as a Novel Antifibrotic Agent in Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Yoshinori Aono, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Mami Inayama, Momoyo Ugai, Jun Kishi, Hisanori Uehara, Keisuke Izumi, Saburo Sone
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Imatinib mesylate is a potent and specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor against c-ABL, BCR-ABL, and c-KIT, and has been demonstrated to be highly active in chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. We examined the antifibrotic effects of imatinib using a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model in mice because imatinib also inhibits tyrosine kinase of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs). Imatinib inhibited the growth of primary murine lung fibroblasts and the autophosphorylation of PDGFR-beta induced by PDGF. Administration of imatinib significantly prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, partly by reducing the number of mesenchymal cells incorporating bromodeoxyuridine. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage cells demonstrated that imatinib did not suppress early inflammation on Days 7 and 14 caused by bleomycin. These results suggest that imatinib has the potential to prevent pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of mesenchymal cells, and that imatinib might be useful for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in humans.
Handbook of Gastroenterology
Authors: David S. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 October 1998Handbook of GastroenterologyDavid S. Weinberg, MDDavid S. Weinberg, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Handbook of Gastroenterology; Yamada T; ed. 726 pages. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1998. $49.95. ISBN 0397514271. Order phone 800-777-2295.Field of medicine: Gastroenterology.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Medical students, housestaff and trainees in gastroenterology, internists, and surgeons.Purpose: To provide an in-depth but portable distillation of Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology. Particular emphasis is given to clinical aspects of gastrointestinal disease.Content: Handbook of Gastroenterology follows the pattern of Textbook of Gastroenterology. The first 23 chapters present approaches to common gastrointestinal problems. The subsequent 50 chapters are devoted to specific categories of disease in the luminal gastrointestinal tract; the pancreaticobiliary system; and, in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGas, Belching, Bloating, and Flatulence: Pathogenesis, Evaluation, and ManagementGas, Belching, Bloating, and Flatulence: Pathogenesis, Evaluation, and ManagementEpidemiology of colorectal cancer 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8Page: 676KeywordsDistillationEndoscopyGastroenterology and hepatologyGastrointestinal tractLiverLiver diseasesSurgeons Issue Published: 15 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...