tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Aspergillus Pneumonia in Hematologic Neoplasia
Authors: James E. Pennington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Patients with acute leukemia and lymphoma are at increased risk of invasive pulmonary fungal infection.1 , 2 Among the opportunistic fungi responsible for these infections, aspergillus species are especially common.3 4 5 6 Invasive aspergillus pneumonia in these patients has with few exceptions been fatal, despite a number of therapeutic attempts with antifungal chemotherapy. In the two cases of aspergillus pneumonia presented below (both in patients with lymphoma) an aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach resulted in a successful outcome.Case ReportsCase 1. A 65-year-old woman with poorly differentiated lymphoma entered the hospital because of fever. The white-cell count was 900, with 10 per cent . . .
COMPLETE ANURIA FOLLOWING A MERCURIC CHLORID DOUCHE; RECOVERY AFTER BILATERAL RENAL DECAPSULATION
Authors: George W. Outerbridge
Journal: JAMA (1923)

This case is of interest because of the sudden, intense and protracted symptoms of a profound toxemia, involving the renal, gastro-intestinal and hematopoietic systems, occurring subsequent to a vaginal douche of a small amount of moderately strong mercuric chlorid solution, taken for the purpose of inducing a miscarriage, and because of the ultimate recovery of the patient after numerous threatening complications and an unusually high nitrogen retention figure. Mrs. V. F., aged 38, a tertipara, being two days overdue, on the afternoon of May 27, 1922, dissolved two mercuric chlorid tablets in a glass of water and used this as a vaginal douche. (Assuming a glass to equal approximately one-half pint, this would make about a 1:250 solution.) Almost immediately she began to have severe burning in the vaginal region, and abdominal cramps, with a chill lasting half an hour, followed by vomiting and diarrhea. She said that she walked
Immunohistochemical Assessment of the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Survival
Authors: Sylvaine Galiègue, Pierre Casellas, Andrew Kramar, Norbert Tinel, Joelle Simony-Lafontaine
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

The peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) expression has been shown dramatically increased in neoplastic tissues and tumor cell lines originated from ovary, liver, colon, breast, or brain relative to untransformed tissues. Its expression has been also associated with tumor progression and aggressiveness. To explore whether PBR expression level could be of prognostic value in invasive breast cancer, we studied a series of 117 patients who underwent surgery for primary breast carcinomas and were followed-up for 8 years.Using an immunohistochemical approach, we first compared PBR expression in normal and tumoral tissues, then we studied PBR expression together with clinicopathological variables (histological type, histological grade, lymph node, estrogen and progesterone receptor status), and biological markers such as BclII, Ki-67, and HER2/Neu.Our results revealed a significant increase of PBR expression in tumoral versus normal breast cells. We found a negative correlation between PBR expression and estrogen receptor status (P = 0.03) as well as a positive correlation between PBR and Ki-67 (P = 0.044). Although the disease-free survival was not affected by PBR in the whole population, high PBR expression level was significantly correlated with a shorter disease-free survival in the lymph node-negative patients, P = 0.038.As the axillary lymph node-negative status is generally considered as a good prognosis factor, the high expression of PBR in this patient subgroup may be used to identify a new high risk population, for which a more specific therapy would be beneficial.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Stroke in American Indians
Authors: Ying Zhang, James M. Galloway, Thomas K. Welty, David O. Wiebers, Jack P. Whisnant, Richard B. Devereux, Jorge R. Kizer, Barbara V. Howard, Linda D. Cowan, Jeunliang Yeh, W. James Howard, Wenyu Wang, Lyle Best, Elisa T. Lee
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— There are few published data on the incidence of fatal and nonfatal stroke in American Indians. The aims of this observational study were to determine the incidence of stroke and to elucidate stroke risk factors among American Indians. Methods and Results— This report is based on 4549 participants aged 45 to 74 years at enrollment in the Strong Heart Study, the largest longitudinal, population-based study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in a diverse group of American Indians. At baseline examination in 1989 to 1992, 42 participants (age- and sex-adjusted prevalence proportion 1132/100 000, adjusted to the age and sex distribution of the US adult population in 1990) had prevalent stroke. Through December 2004, 306 (6.8%) of 4507 participants without prior stroke suffered a first stroke at a mean age of 66.5 years. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence was 679/100 000 person-years. Nonhemorrhagic cerebral infarction occurred in 86% of participants with incident strokes; 14% had hemorrhagic stroke. The overall age-adjusted 30-day case-fatality rate from first stroke was 18%, with a 1-year case-fatality rate of 32%. Age, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A 1c, smoking, albuminuria, hypertension, prehypertension, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for incident stroke. Conclusions— Compared with US white and black populations, American Indians have a higher incidence of stroke. The case-fatality rate for first stroke is also higher in American Indians than in the US white or black population in the same age range. Our findings suggest that blood pressure and glucose control and smoking avoidance may be important avenues for stroke prevention in this population.
Transcriptional Regulation of Signal Regulatory Protein α1 Inhibitory Receptors by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
Authors: Gurpreet S. Kapoor, Dmitri Kapitonov, Donald M. O’Rourke
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Signal regulatory protein (SIRP) α1 is a membrane glycoprotein and a member of the SIRP receptor family. These transmembrane receptors have been shown to exert negative effects on signal transduction by receptor tyrosine kinases via immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs in the carboxyl domain. Previous work has demonstrated that SIRPs negatively regulate many signaling pathways leading to reduction in tumor migration, survival, and cell transformation. Thus, modulation of SIRP expression levels or activity could be of great significance in the field of cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine the factors that regulate levels of SIRPα1 in human glioblastoma cells that frequently overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) because SIRPs have been shown to negatively regulate EGFR signaling. Northern blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays showed variable expression levels of endogenous SIRPα transcripts in nine well-characterized glioblastoma cell lines. We examined SIRPα1 regulation in U87MG and U373MG cells in comparison with clonal derivatives that express a truncated form of erbB2, which negatively regulates EGFR signaling by inducing the formation of nonfunctional heterodimeric complexes. Mutant erbB2-expressing cells contained more SIRPα1 mRNA when compared with the parental cells in presence or absence of serum. Similarly, immunoprecipitation assays showed increased SIRPα1 protein levels in erbB-inhibited cells when compared with parental cells. Messenger RNA stability assays revealed that the increased mRNA levels in EGFR-inhibited cells were due to an induction of transcription. Consistent with this finding, expression of the erbB2 mutant receptor up-regulated SIRPα1 promoter activity in all cell lines tested. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of the kinase activities of EGFR, erbB2, and src and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, but not phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase, significantly up-regulated SIRPα1 promoter activity. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that down-modulation of EGFR signaling leads to transcriptional up-regulation of the inhibitory SIRPα1 gene. These data may be important in the application of erbB-inhibitory strategies and for design of therapies for the treatment of glial tumors and other epithelial malignancies.
The Role Of Innate Cytokine In Non-Asthmatic, Non-Eosinophilic Nasal Polyps: IL-25, IL-33 and TSLP
Authors: Dong-Kyu Kim, Hyun-Woo Shin, Jong-Wan Park, Min-Suk Yang, Dae Woo Kim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
The Clinical Significance of Colonoscopy in Hemorrhagic Colitis Due to Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection
Authors: T. Shigeno, T. Akamatsu, K. Fujimori, Y. Nakatsuji, A. Nagata
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Although hemorrhagic colitis due to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) infection has recently attracted increasing attention as an important enteric infection, the colonoscopic findings associated with this disease have not been sufficiently characterized. The aim of this study is to characterize the colonoscopic features of hemorrhagic colitis due to O157 infection.The colonoscopic findings in ten patients with hemorrhagic colitis due to O157 infection were retrospectively reviewed. To assess the severity of inflammation in each part of the large intestine, colonoscopic findings were categorized into four grades: grade 1, intact mucosa; grade 2, sporadic erythema and erosion; grade 3, mostly diffuse inflammation; and grade 4, diffuse, severe inflammation.Eight out of ten patients had grade 4 findings in the cecum and ascending colon, grade 3 in the transverse colon and descending colon, and grade 2 in the sigmoid colon. Two of these eight patients also had grade 4 inflammation in the proximal transverse colon. Five of these eight patients revealed longitudinal ulcer-like lesions in the transverse colon and/or descending colon. The remaining two patients had grade 3 findings in the cecum to the descending colon and grade 2 findings in the sigmoid colon. All patients exhibited grade 1 finding in the terminal ileum and the rectum. Based on these colonoscopic findings, the ten patients were divided into the typical group (eight patients) and the mild-type group (two patients).The characteristic colonoscopic findings in most patients with hemorrhagic colitis due to O157 infection were as follows: 1) severe inflammation, including primarily marked edema and facile hemorrhage, and 2) inflammation predominating at the right-side colon; and 3) frequent appearance of longitudinal ulcer-like lesions.
IP-10 is an additional marker for tuberculosis (TB) detection in HIV-infected persons in a low-TB endemic country
Authors: Valentina Vanini, Elisa Petruccioli, Cristiana Gioia, Gilda Cuzzi, Nicoletta Orchi, Alessia Rianda, Lucia Alba, Maria Letizia Giancola, Aristide Conte, Vincenzo Schininà, Elisa Busi Rizzi, Enrico Girardi, Delia Goletti
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Early Medication Discontinuation on Long-term Recovery Outcome in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Christy L. M. Hui, Eric Y. H. Chen
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 is essential for corneal alymphaticity
Authors: Nirbhai Singh, Michelle Tiem, Ryan Watkins, Yang Kyung Cho, Ying Wang, Thomas Olsen, Hironori Uehara, Christina Mamalis, Ling Luo, Zackery Oakey, Balamurali K. Ambati
Journal: Blood (2013)
Selection of reproductive health end points for environmental risk assessment.
Authors: D A Savitz, S D Harlow
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

In addition to the challenges inherent in environmental health risk assessment, the study of reproductive health requires thorough consideration of the very definition of reproductive risk. Researchers have yet to determine which end points need to be considered to comprehensively evaluate a community's reproductive health. Several scientific issues should be considered in the selection of end points: the severity of the outcomes, with a trade-off between clinical severity and statistical or biological sensitivity; the relative sensitivity of different outcomes to environmental agents; the interrelationship among adverse outcomes; the baseline frequency of the adverse outcome; evidence from reproductive toxicology; and specificity of reproductive effects from the environmental agent. Simultaneously, practical concerns should be addressed: frequency of occurrence of an event and consequent statistical power to evaluate changes; frequency of prerequisites (e.g., pregnancy) that are necessary to be at risk; time and money resource requirements for measuring the outcome; amenability of the end point to retrospective measurement; and burden of measurement on the population being studied. In this article, we discuss these scientific and practical considerations and recommend that reproductive risk assessment include measures of fecundability (menstrual function, time to pregnancy), fetal loss (clinically recognized miscarriage), and infant health (birth weight, gestational age). Additional methodological research is needed to refine the array of reproductive health measures that need to be examined as a consequence of environmental exposures.
Exercise prescription: obeying fundamental laws of physics
Authors: Philip Glasgow, Christopher M Bleakley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

The year 2012 was truly special for even the most reluctant of sports fans. For many members of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine (ACPSM), the clinical interest group representing over 1600 UK physiotherapists working in sport, 2012 was the culmination of many years of hard work and provided a unique opportunity to experience a home Olympic Games. The future looks just as exciting. January 2013 marks the start of what promises to be a fruitful affiliation between ACPSM and BJSM . Another major sporting event also edges closer, with the Commonwealth Games set to take place in Glasgow in 2014. In the lead up to this, ACPSM are holding their biennial conference in Glasgow from 25 to 26 October 2013.

A key theme of the ACPSM conference in October 2013 is to tease out the intricate relationship between anatomical form and sporting function and relate it to our capacity as clinicians to influence adaptation. Perhaps the most …
Child Murder by Parents: A Psychiatric Review of Filicide
Authors: PHILLIP J. RESNICK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The author reviews 131 cases of child murder and proposes a new classification of filicide by apparent motive: altruistic, acutely psychotic, unwanted child, accidental, and spouse revenge. The high frequency of altruistic motives distinguishes filicide from other homicides. The psychodynamics of the filicidal impulse are explored: displacement of the murderer's original aggression from his parents, spouse, or sibling is documented. The author offers some considerations for prevention.
Abstract 5416: The low-molecular-weight compound MS-444 selectively targets cancer cells via inhibition of the mRNA stability factor HuR
Authors: Fernando F. Blanco, Nicole-Claudia Meisner, Dan A. Dixon
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer among American adults and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The initiation and progression of colorectal tumorigenesis is characterized by genetic alterations that promote aberrant expression of oncogenic and tumor-promoting factors. In normal cells, the mRNAs of these inflammation- and cancer-associated genes are targeted for rapid decay through AU-rich elements (ARE) present in the mRNA 3’UTR. However, loss of ARE-mediated mRNA decay is a characteristic feature contributing to pathogenic gene overexpression in colorectal cancer. Our prior work identified enhanced expression of the RNA-binding protein HuR to occur during colon tumorigenesis and HuR overexpression is correlated with poor clinical prognosis. In this capacity, HuR acts as a mRNA stability factor by promoting ARE-containing mRNA stabilization. Therefore, HuR has emerged as a novel pharmacological target with potential selectivity for cancer cells. This was examined by treating HuR-overexpressing CRC cell lines HCT116, SW480, RKO, and HT-29 with the small molecule inhibitor of HuR MS-444. Growth inhibition was observed in all CRC lines with IC50 values of 7-12 µM and cancer cell selectivity was observed with 4- to 5-fold increased MS-444 IC50 in non-transformed intestinal and colonic epithelial cells. HuR is predominantly nuclear in non-transformed cells, whereas in CRC cells aberrant cytoplasmic HuR trafficking is observed indicating that cytoplasmic localization is a necessary component for HuR-mediated ARE-mRNA stabilization and cancer cell survival. In HCT116 cells treated with MS-444, complete inhibition of cytoplasmic HuR was observed along with induction of apoptosis. Similarly, long-term siRNA-mediated knockdown of HuR in HCT116 cells resulted in cellular apoptosis, and cells with attenuated levels of HuR exhibited a 5-fold higher sensitivity to MS-444 treatment. Expression profiling revealed increased expression of many pro-apoptotic proteins to be present in colon cancer cells resulting from MS-444 treatment. The expression of Fas ligand, a TNF superfamily member, is significantly increased, accompanied by elevated expression of caspase 8 and cell death effectors such as Bax and Bid. These results indicate that MS-444 treatment triggers a Fas-dependent signaling cascade mediated through cellular caspases, thereby resulting in cell death. Taken together, these findings indicate that small molecule-based inhibition of HuR results in selective cancer cell death while also indicating that overexpression of HuR is a necessary component for colorectal tumor cell survival. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5416. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5416
Immunogenetic heterogeneity of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and the antiperinuclear factor.
Authors: A M Boerbooms, A A Westgeest, P Reekers, L B van de Putte
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

HLA typing was carried out in 132 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with long term follow up, and special attention was focused on rheumatoid factor negative patients. The patients were divided into four groups: 55 patients with a seropositive RA and a positive antiperinuclear factor (group A); 39 seropositive patients but a negative antiperinuclear factor (group B); 14 patients consistently seronegative for 3-28 years (mean 11.8 years) but positive for antiperinuclear factor (group C); patients consistently negative for 3-28 years (mean 11.8) and also negative for antiperinuclear factor (group D). The prevalence of HLA-DR4 was 31/55 (56%), 29/39 (74%), 10/14 (71%), and 9/24 (37%) for groups A, B, C, and D respectively, and in all groups was significantly higher than in 277 healthy controls (55/277, 20%). No significant difference was found between seropositive (groups A and B) and seronegative (groups C and D) patients, but groups A, B, and C had higher prevalences than group D. It is concluded that in seronegative RA HLA-DR4 is preferentially associated with the antiperinuclear factor positive group.
Wounds heal more quickly if patients are relieved of stress
Authors: C. Laurent
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Writing about emotional events can speed up the rate at which wounds heal, according to a study carried out by Suzanne Scott and colleagues from the Unit of Psychology, King's College, London, and presented at the annual conference of the British Psychological Society's health division this week.

Previous research by psychologists has found that disclosure of traumatic experiences has a positive effect on the immune system. But, according to Ms Scott, a doctoral student, this study takes those findings one step further by showing …
Cotargeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and PI3K Overcomes PI3K–Akt Oncogenic Dependence in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Matthew H. Wong, Aiqun Xue, Sohel M. Julovi, Nick Pavlakis, Jaswinder S. Samra, Thomas J. Hugh, Anthony J. Gill, Lyndsay Peters, Robert C. Baxter, Ross C. Smith
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

PI3K-Akt is overexpressed in 50% to 70% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The hypothesis of this study is that PI3K and EGFR coinhibition may be effective in PDAC with upregulated PI3K-Akt signaling.Multiple inhibitors were tested on five PDAC cell lines. EGFR inhibitor (EGFRi)-resistant cell lines were found to have significantly overexpressed AKT2 gene, total Akt, and pAkt. In vitro erlotinib-resistant (ER) cell models (BxPC-ER and PANC-ER) with highly constitutively active PI3K-Akt were developed. These and their respective parent cell lines were tested for sensitivity to erlotinib, IGFIR inhibitor NVP-AEW541 (AEW), and PI3K-alpha inhibitor NVP-BYL719 (BYL), alone or in combination, by RTK-phosphoarray, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, cell proliferation, cell cycle, clonogenic, apoptosis, and migration assays. Erlotinib plus BYL was tested in vivo.Erlotinib acted synergistically with BYL in BxPC-ER (synergy index, SI = 1.71) and PANC-ER (SI = 1.44). Treatment of ER cell lines showing upregulated PI3K-Akt with erlotinib plus BYL caused significant G1 cell-cycle arrest (71%, P < 0.001; 58%, P = 0.003), inhibition of colony formation (69% and 72%, both P < 0.001), and necrosis and apoptosis (75% and 53%, both P < 0.001), more so compared with parent cell lines. In primary patient-derived tumor subrenal capsule (n = 90) and subcutaneous (n = 22) xenografts, erlotinib plus BYL significantly reduced tumor volume (P = 0.005). Strong pEGFR and pAkt immunostaining (2+/3+) was correlated with high and low responses, respectively, to both erlotinib and erlotinib plus BYL.PDAC with increased expression of the PI3K-Akt pathway was susceptible to PI3K-EGFR coinhibition, suggesting oncogenic dependence. Erlotinib plus BYL should be considered for a clinical study in PDAC; further evaluation of pEGFR and pAkt expression as potential positive and negative predictive biomarkers is warranted.