tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Middle Ear Disturbances From Glaucoma Medication
Authors: Ray M. Moose
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  Although pilocarpine is generally well tolerated, an unusual side effect could involve the Eustachian tube and middle ear when higher concentrations are used. This happened to a 76-year-old woman with open angle glaucoma who had been using 4% pilocarpine, one drop in each eye six times a day for almost two years. The only side effect from this procedure was an increase in nasal secretions for about one hour after the medication. However, about two months ago she started putting two drops in the left eye each time, and during the two weeks before seeing me she developed a disturbing sensation like water in the left ear, which had gradually increased in intensity.  On examination, both ears appeared normal and the bone conduction with the 512 tuning fork placed on the forehead showed no increased conduction of sound to one ear more than the other. The nose
A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose
Authors: Gregory M. Cooper, Julie A. Johnson, Taimour Y. Langaee, Hua Feng, Ian B. Stanaway, Ute I. Schwarz, Marylyn D. Ritchie, C. Michael Stein, Dan M. Roden, Joshua D. Smith, David L. Veenstra, Allan E. Rettie, Mark J. Rieder
Journal: Blood (2008)
What Is the Most Bothersome Lower Urinary Tract Symptom? Individual- and Population-level Perspectives for Both Men and Women
Authors: Arnav Agarwal, Leyla N. Eryuzlu, Rufus Cartwright, Kristian Thorlund, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Gordon H. Guyatt, Anssi Auvinen, Kari A.O. Tikkinen
Journal: European Urology (2014)

No study has compared the bothersomeness of all lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using a population-based sample of adults. Despite this lack of evidence, investigators have often cited their LUTS of interest as the "most bothersome" or "one of the most bothersome."To compare the population- and individual-level burden of LUTS in men and women.In this population-based cross-sectional study, questionnaires were mailed to 6000 individuals (18-79 yr of age) randomly identified from the Finnish Population Register.The validated Danish Prostatic Symptom Score questionnaire was used for assessment of bother of 12 different LUTS. The age-standardized prevalence of at least moderate bother was calculated for each symptom (population-level burden). Among symptomatic individuals, the proportion of affected individuals with at least moderate bother was calculated for each symptom (individual-level bother).A total of 3727 individuals (62.4%) participated (53.7% female). The LUTS with the greatest population-level burden were urgency (7.9% with at least moderate bother), stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (6.5%), nocturia (6.0%), postmicturition dribble (5.8%), and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) (5.0%). Burden from incontinence symptoms was higher in women than men, and the opposite was true for voiding and postmicturition symptoms. At the individual level, UUI was the most bothersome for both genders. Although the response proportion was high, approximately a third did not participate.Both men and women with UUI report moderate or major bother more frequently than individuals with other LUTS. At the population level, the most prevalent bothersome symptoms are urgency, SUI, and nocturia.Urinary urgency was the most common troubling symptom in a large population-based study; however, for individuals, urgency incontinence was the most likely to be rated as bothersome.
Are Minicomputers Appropriate for Your Practice?
Authors: Joan Zimmerman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The overly simplistic view of the process of automation widely presented to physicians needs to be counterbalanced. Computers are becoming cheaper, easier to program, and simpler to operate. However, the physician must be aware of the gap between personal computing and serious use of computers in his practice. To bridge this gap, the physician must analyze his needs to identify appropriate applications to automate, plan the implementation of these applications, and choose the necessary hardware and software resources. To do so it may be valuable for him to seek the help of an expert. Although the physician can certainly perform the necessary tasks, he should be aware that to perform them efficiently there are a number of aspects he should seriously consider.
Patient who received liver after social media campaign reports success
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A Canadian woman is thought to have become the first patient to receive a new vital organ from an unrelated, altruistic donor who answered an appeal launched on social media.

Lucia Andrade, 61, of Brampton, Ontario, underwent liver transplantation last November, but her family waited to be sure that it was a success before telling their story last week. Andrade had primary biliary cirrhosis and had been on an official donor waiting list. Members of her family had been tested for compatibility, but her O negative blood type ruled out most likely donors. Her condition was deteriorating rapidly when her youngest son, Michael, 22, appealed for …
PNEUMATIC SCROTAL COMPRESSOR FOR USE IN EPIDIDYMITIS.
Authors: EDGAR BALLENGER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Generally speaking, the chief factors desired in the routine treatment of epididymitis are rest, cold or heat, compression, and suspension. The value of compression, especially in the latter part of the disease, is admitted by the best authorities and is attested by the various methods that have been advocated with this purpose in view, such as strapping with adhesive plaster, the application of thin rubber bandages and the use of a large number of suspensories. An attempt to utilize any one of these plans of treatment will readily demonstrate their serious disadvantages. Strapping with adhesive plaster works well for the first twenty-four hours until the swelling has yielded to the compression, then no further benefit can be obtained without reapplying it. The manipulation and handling required for this procedure usually causes sufficient irritation to counteract the good effect of the compression. The plaster also frequently irritates the skin. So much
1029-185 Mobilization of bone marrow cells with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor increases the CD34-positive mononuclear cells in peripheral blood and improves angiogenesis, ventricular remodeling and heart function after acute myocardial infarction in rats
Authors: Hong Liu, Jianhui Shi, Naisheng Cai, Junbo Ge
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
VARIABILITY OF THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS.
Authors: CARL RAMUS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The variability shown by tubercle bacilli in their staining reactions and morphology has been made the subject of much study for more than a year at Fort Stanton, N. M. Facts have been observed which, so far as we have been able to ascertain, have not as yet been described in the literature of tuberculosis, or at most vaguely alluded to, and which we believe have importance in establishing early and correct diagnosis, as well as in other stages of the disease. Our purpose now is to demonstrate the important fact that tubercle bacilli from different subjects, and from the same subject at different times, undergo changes in their affinities for certain dyes, to the extent, at times, of rejecting one or several while displaying avidity for others. This phenomenon has been observed and studied by P. A. Surg. Cobb for several years past, to as great an extent as
A missense mutation in the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α4 subunit is associated with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Ortrud K. Steinlein, John C. Mulley, Peter Propping, Robyn H. Wallace, Hilary A. Phillips, Grant R. Sutherland, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Samuel F. Berkovic
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
False-Positive Result of a Captopril-Enhanced Radionuclide Renogram in a Child Secondary to Dehydration
Authors: CHRISTOPHER S. LEVEY, FRANK V. SCHRAML, SUE H. ABREU, EUGENE D. SILVERMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Renovascular hypertension is an unusual cause of elevated mean arterial pressure in children. When suspected, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enhanced renal scintigraphy is usually one of the initial studies done to evaluate patients. The accuracy of this test depends not only on patient selection but also on technical factors involved in performing the study. We report a case of a false-positive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enhanced radionuclide renogram in a 5-year-old boy with hypertension.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enhanced renal scintigraphy was performed and the result was interpreted as positive for bilateral renovascular disease. A review of the anesthesia record from the study revealed that the patient was hypotensive. A repeated study with adequate hydration and blood pressure stability was then done.The result of the second examination was interpreted as normal, without evidence of abnormal renovascular physiology.The cause of the initial false-positive result was determined to be dehydration with secondary hypotension. Dehydration, with secondary hypotension, can cause a diminished glomerular filtration rate and mimic bilateral renovascular physiology on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-enhanced renal scans.
Sequelae of Breast Irradiation
Authors: Jerome A. Urban
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The article by Lipsztein et al 1 entitled Sequelae of Breast Irradiation is most timely. Recently, the public and medical profession have been exposed to a number of enthusiastic articles regarding the place of lumpectomy, axillary dissection, and radiation therapy to the remaining breast as the treatment of choice for early breast cancer. Unfortunately, the most widely publicized of these papers reports five-year survival data based on actuarial statistics with median follow-up of only 39 months. 2 This short interval is inadequate for proper evaluation of a treatment protocol for management of breast cancer. It is hoped that certain categories of patients with small early breast cancers and clear axillae eventually will prove to do as well following wide local excision, axillary dissection, and radiation therapy as they have done following modified mastectomy. Long-term observed follow-up will answer this question satisfactorily.  Patients should be informed of the potential complications of
Indeterminate acute liver failure: A riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma
Authors: Timothy J. Davern
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Abstract Fulminant hepatitis of unknown origin remains a significant cause of mortality, for which liver transplantation is often considered as the only therapeutic option. In retrospective studies, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections have been associated with such diseases, but the diagnosis of HHV-6 infection of the liver is rarely established during the acute phase of liver failure. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we diagnosed two cases of severe acute liver failure (ALF) related to HHV-6 occurring in immunocompetent young adults. Both cases had a favourable outcome, one after valganciclovir therapy and one after liver transplantation associated with ganciclovir. Viral origin was evidenced in each case by the detection of high amounts of HHV-6 DNA in liver tissue by the PCR assay. The decrease of intrahepatic viral load after therapeutic intervention was also monitored by quantitative PCR and paralleled in the two cases the clinical improvement. Diagnosis of HHV-6 infection must be systematically evoked in case of unexplained ALF, since it might lead to specific therapeutic interventions, in addition to liver transplantation.
Prognostic significance of β‐catenin and topoisomerase IIα in de novo acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Chih‐Cheng Chen, Jyh‐Pyng Gau, Jie‐Yu You, Kuan‐Der Lee, Yuan‐Bin Yu, Chang‐Hsien Lu, Jen‐Tsun Lin, Chieh Lan, Wan‐Hsia Lo, Jacqueline Ming Liu, Ching‐Fen Yang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract The Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is important for controlling self‐renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and its constitutive activation has recently been documented in a significant proportion of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. Topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα) is a marker of cell proliferation and a crucial target for anthracycline cytotoxicity, the mainstay of management employed in AML. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic roles of β‐catenin and topo IIα in a cohort of 59 patients with newly diagnosed AML by immunohistochemistry. Aberrant β‐catenin expression was demonstrated in 13 patients (22%), and it was more likely to occur in those with unfavorable karyotypes. Advanced age and poor performance status adversely influenced the achievement of complete remission, while neither aberrant β‐catenin expression nor enhanced topo IIα activity did. On multivariate survival analysis, four factors independently predicted a shortened overall survival: aberrant β‐catenin expression, high topo IIα activity, poor‐risk cytogenetics, and presence of at least one comorbidity factor. Our results suggest that both β‐catenin and topo IIα independently predicted an adverse prognosis and might serve as new markers for risk stratification in AML patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IMPACT OF CONCOMITANT AND STAGGERED PANTOPRAZOLE INTAKE ON PHARMACODYNAMIC EFFECTS INDUCED BY CLOPIDOGREL
Authors: Jose Luìs Ferreiro, Masafumi Ueno, Salvatore D. Tomasello, Antonio Tello-Montoliu, Davide Capodanno, Naveen Seecheran, John P. Pham, Murali Kodali, Andrew Darlington, Bhaloo Desai, Ronald K. Charlton, Theodore A. Bass, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
In situ determination by surface chemiluminescence of temporal relationships between evolving warm ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver and phagocyte activation and recruitment
Authors: Juan Carlos Cutrìn, Alberto Boveris, Barbara Zingaro, Giovanna Corvetti, Giuseppe Poli
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Liver ischemia-reperfusion is characterized by an increased oxygen-dependent free radical chain-reaction rate and an increased steady-state concentration of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in situ generation of reactive oxygen species and its relationship with phagocyte activation and recruitment in reperfused rat liver. Rat livers were subjected to 2 hours of selective lobular ischemia and reperfusion for up to 12 hours. The following parameters were determined: in situ liver chemiluminescence, understood to reflect the tissue steady-state concentration of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)); myeloperoxidase tissue activity; the number of neutrophils; and the degree of necrosis. An early chemiluminescence burst was measured after 30 minutes of blood reflow (early phase of oxidative stress), followed by a relapse and a further increase after 4 to 12 hours of reperfusion (late phase of oxidative stress). Both early and late phases were modified by pretreatment with gadolinium chloride (GdCl(3)), pointing to a key role of the Kupffer cells. Neutrophils infiltrated into the liver, myeloperoxidase activity, in situ chemiluminescence, and necrosis were found to be strongly correlated over the 4- to 12-hour reperfusion period (r =.960; average of the 4 correlation coefficients). Together with resident phagocytes, neutrophil recruitment and activation appear to provide a major contribution to the increase of oxygen-dependent free-radical reactions and amplification of liver reperfusion damage. Surface chemiluminescence appears to properly describe the in situ and in vivo progressive organization of the acute inflammatory response with phagocyte-mediated liver injury.
Effects of interleukin-2 and cyclosporin A on pathologic features in Mycoplasma pneumonia.
Authors: H Tanaka, S Honma, S Abe, H Tamura
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

To elucidate the immunopathologic mechanisms of Mycoplasma pneumonia, the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and cyclosporin A (CYA) on Mycoplasma pneumonia in mice were investigated. Mice were intranasally inoculated with Mycoplasma pulmonis (M. pul) and treated with IL-2, CYA, or minocycline (MINO) every day between Days 3 and 9. They were killed at Days 7, 14, or 21 after the inoculation. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) of the host was assessed by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Peribronchial and perivascular lymphocyte cuffing and the accumulation of macrophages at the ends of bronchioles were exacerbated (p < 0.05) in IL-2-treated mice at Day 14 and reduced (p < 0.05) in CYA-treated mice at Day 7. Although the DTH responses to SRBC of saline-inoculated, IL-2-treated mice were increased at Days 7 (p < 0.01) and 14 (p < 0.05), those of M. pul-inoculated, IL-2-treated mice at Day 7 could not recover to the control level. The CMI levels of M. pul-inoculated, CYA-treated mice were decreased at Days 7, 14 (p < 0.05), and 21 (p < 0.01). Mycoplasma organisms in the lung showed the greatest decrease (p < 0.05) in MINO- and IL-2-treated mice, but increased at Day 21 (p < 0.05) in mice treated with IL-2 alone. These results suggest that the pathologic features of Mycoplasma pneumonia could be modified by the degree of host CMI.
In vivo imaging of gene transfer to the respiratory tract
Authors: Uta Griesenbach, Cuixiang Meng, Raymond Farley, Seng H. Cheng, Ronald K. Scheule, Mark H. Davies, Paul C. Wolstenholme-Hogg, Willem ten Hove, Paul van der Hoeven, Patrick L. Sinn, Paul B. McCray, Makoto Inoue, Duncan M. Geddes, Mamoru Hasegawa, Gad Frankel, Siouxsie Wiles, Eric W.F.W. Alton
Journal: Biomaterials (2007)
Scurvy with gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: A. Ohta, S. Yoshida, H. Imaeda, H. Ohgo, T. Sujino, M. Yamaoka, R. Kanno, T. Kobayashi, S. Kinoshita, S. Iida, K. Inoue, H. Okada, R. Kin, H. Kayano, K. Yamamoto, H. Nakamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 48-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with 1-month history of petechiae and edema of the bilateral lower extremities, polyarthralgia, gait disturbance, and hematochezia. He also had 2-year history of anorexia and an unbalanced diet that did not include any fresh vegetables or fruits. On examination, his conjunctivae were pale and his hemoglobin was 5.7 g/dL. He had leukopenia (2970/μL), thrombocytopenia (620 000/μL), and hypoalbuminemia (2.9 g/dL). The serum vitamin B1 level was 11.0 ng/mL (24 – 66 ng/mL), the serum vitamin C level was < 0.2 μg/mL (5.5 – 16.8 μg/mL), and the serum folate level was 2.8 ng/mL (3.1 – 100,000 ng/mL).
Mechanisms of natriuretic-peptide-induced growth inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Howard G Hutchinson, Pedro T Trindade, Dolores B Cunanan, Can-Fang Wu, Richard E Pratt
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Objective: While natriuretic peptides can inhibit growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), controversy exists as to whether this effect is mediated via the guanylate cyclase-coupled receptors, NPR-A and NPR-B, or the clearance receptor, NPR-C. The original aim of this study was to examine the mechanism by which the NPR-C receptor regulates growth. Methods: Rat VSMC were characterized with regard to natriuretic peptide receptor expression by RT/PCR and radioligand binding studies. The effect on growth following addition of the peptides and the ligands for NPR-C was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and mitogen activating protein kinase activity was based on the phosphorylation of myelin basic protein. Results: In rat VSMC, passages 4–12, both atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) dose-dependently inhibited serum and PDGF-induced VSMC growth. In contrast, NPR-C specific ligands alone had no effect on cell growth but enhanced growth inhibition when co-administered with ANP and CNP. ANP and CNP also decreased PDGF-BB-stimulated MAP kinase activity. Once again, NPR-C specific ligands alone had no effect but enhanced the effects of ANP. Furthermore, a cGMP specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor dose-dependently inhibited VSMC growth and markedly enhanced natriuretic-peptide-induced inhibition at low peptide concentrations. To examine a potential mechanism for the controversy concerning the NPR-C, we investigated the autocrine expression of ANP and CNP by VSMC and found that mRNA encoding both peptides could be detected by RT/PCR. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the guanylyl-cyclase-linked receptors mediate the antiproliferative actions of the natriuretic peptides on vascular smooth muscle cell growth. Moreover, we hypothesize that the apparent inhibition of growth by NPR-C specific ligands reported by others may be due to stabilization of natriuretic peptides produced by the cultured VSMC and subsequent action of these peptides at guanylyl-cyclase-linked receptors.
Selenium and cancer.
Authors: W. C. Willett, M. J. Stampfer
Journal: BMJ (1988)

abrade the tricuspid valve or right ventricular endothelium, and if infection arises the risk of right heart endocarditis must increase.Many of these complications may be reduced.Puncture of the subclavian vein with the patient in the head down position reduces air embolism.Strict attention to aseptic technique and the availability of a parenteral nutrition team reduce infection as does subsequent careful handling of the catheter.27Flushing antifungal agents through the catheters reduces infection.Some centres advocate low dose heparin, either subcutaneously or through the catheter, to prevent throm- bosis.13We have recently seen a patient with tricuspid endocarditis after central venous cannulation and a patient who died after pulmonary embolus from a sterile right ventricular thrombus.Both patients had a septicaemic illness.In the patient who died two dimensional echocardiography clearly showed the catheter prolapsing across the tricuspid valve during atrial systole.This emphasises that all right atrial catheters must be carefully positioned within the high right atrium (and con- firmed by chest radiography) to avoid damage to the tricuspid valve.Furthermore, patients who develop a septicaemic illness should undergo two dimensional echocardiography even after withdrawal of the catheter to detect any potentially serious intracardiac thrombi or vegetations.
Quality of Life Analysis of TORCH, a Randomized Trial Testing First-Line Erlotinib Followed by Second-Line Cisplatin/Gemcitabine Chemotherapy in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Massimo Di Maio, Natasha B. Leighl, Ciro Gallo, Ronald Feld, Fortunato Ciardiello, Charles Butts, Paolo Maione, Vittorio Gebbia, Floriana Morgillo, Rafal Wierzbicki, Adolfo Favaretto, Yasmin Alam, Saverio Cinieri, Salvatore Siena, Roberto Bianco, Ferdinando Riccardi, Mario Spatafora, Alberto Ravaioli, Raffaella Felletti, Vittorio Fregoni, Giovenzio Genestreti, Antonio Rossi, Gianfranco Mancuso, Morena Fasano, Alessandro Morabito, Ming Sound Tsao, Simona Signoriello, Francesco Perrone, Cesare Gridelli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Real-time observation of hemodynamic changes in glomerular aneurysms induced by anti–Thy-1 antibody
Authors: Yukiko Oyanagi-Tanaka, Jian Yao, Yoko Wada, Tetsuo Morioka, Yasuhito Suzuki, Fumitake Gejyo, Masaaki Arakawa, Takashi Oite
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Dare to tell?
Authors: P. N. Trewby
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I commend an alternative, but perhaps more patient centred, interpretation of the Cochrane hierarchy of evidence described by Jarvinen and colleagues.1 The first rungs on the ladder—“Can it work?” and “Does it work?”—are answered by the science underlying the intervention and the controlled trial. But the third rung—“Is it worth it?”—should not be asked first of health economists …