tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Formaldehyde Exposure and Lower Respiratory Infections in Infants: Findings from the PARIS Cohort Study
Authors: Célina Roda, Isabelle Kousignian, Chantal Guihenneuc-Jouyaux, Claire Dassonville, Ioannis Nicolis, Jocelyne Just, Isabelle Momas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Certain chemical pollutants can exacerbate lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs), a common childhood ailment. Although formaldehyde (FA) is one of the most common air pollutants found in indoor environments, its impact on infant health is uncertain.Our aim was to determine the impact of FA exposure on the LRI incidence during the first year of life of infants from the Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study (PARIS) birth cohort.FA was measured in a random sample of 196 infants' dwellings, and exposure to this pollutant was estimated for 2,940 infants using predictive models based on measurements and data about potential determinants of FA levels. Health data were collected from parents by regular self-administered questionnaires. We used multivariate logistic regressions to estimate associations between FA exposure and the occurrence of LRI and wheezy LRI (wLRI), adjusting for potential confounders/risk factors.During the first year of life, 45.8% of infants had at least one LRI, and LRI occurred simultaneously with wheezing in 48.7% of cases. The FA predictive models correctly classified 70% of dwellings as having high or low exposure, and we estimated that 43.3% of infants were exposed throughout the first year to levels of FA > 19.5 µg/m3. FA exposure was significantly associated with LRI and wLRI before and after adjustment for known LRI risk factors/confounders. For an interquartile increase in FA levels (12.4 μg/m3), we estimated a 32% [95% confidence interval (CI): 11, 55] and 41% (95% CI: 14, 74) increase in the incidence of LRI and wLRI, respectively.The findings of this study suggest that infants exposed to FA at an early age have an increased incidence of LRI.
Peripheral Vascular Disease: Diet, Exercise, or Both?
Authors: Philip L. White
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) may reduce ambulation to a minimum. Walking becomes an increasingly painful and fatiguing experience until, finally, exercise of any kind is drastically reduced. When that cycle is complete, resignation to inertia has claimed another productive life. There is great interest in the possibility that induced regression of atheromatous plaques could improve peripheral circulation. Evidence that regression can occur through control of the hyperlipidemias and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors has been presented.<sup>1</sup>Much has been done to evaluate the beneficial effects of such risk reduction, but a great deal remains to be accomplished. While it is prudent to attempt normalization of the blood lipid levels, BP, and body weight, as well as to eliminate use of tobacco, there is, as yet, no assurance that PVD can be relieved. Nathan Pritikin, founder of The Longevity Center, claims that special diets and graded exercise could return
Total thyroidectomy is best operation for thyrotoxicosis
Authors: R James A England, Steve Atkin
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors have shown remarkable therapeutic activity against different types of cancer. However, their wider use has been hampered by the potential for life-threatening toxicities due to the unintended targeting of healthy cells expressing low levels of the targeted antigen. We have now developed an affinity-tuning approach for the generation of minimally modified, low-affinity antibody variants derived from existing high-affinity antibodies. Using this approach, we engineered low affinity variants of the fully human CD229-specific antibody 2D3. Parental 2D3 originally efficiently targeted multiple myeloma cells but also healthy T cells expressing low levels of CD229. We demonstrate that CAR T cells based on a low affinity variant of 2D3 maintain the parental antibody’s anti-tumor activity, but lack its targeting of healthy T cells. In addition, variant CD229 CAR T cells show reduced trogocytosis potentially augmenting CAR T cell persistence. The fast off-rate CAR produced using our affinity tuning approach eliminates a key liability of CD229 CAR T cells and paves the way for the effective and safe treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. <h3>One sentence summary</h3> Affinity tuning approach yields low affinity CD229 CAR binding domain maintaining the parental clone’s anti-tumor activity while eliminating killing of healthy T cells, increasing CAR T cell expansion, and decreasing trogocytosis.
Assessment of myocardial viability using contrast-enhancedmagnetic resonance imaging: comparison with FDG-PET and sestamibi-SPECT
Authors: Harald P. Kuhl, Amo P. van der Weerdt, Aernout M. Beek, Cees A. Visser, Frans C. Visser, Albert C. van Rossum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
A Case of Cor Triloculare Biatriatum with Survival to Adult Life
Authors: D. R. Barry, D. H. Isaac
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Cor triloculare biatriatum is an uncommon anomaly, and survival into adult life is exceptional.In Abbott's (1936) analysis of 1,000 cases of congenital heart disease the condition occurred 13 times as a primary defect and in a further 14 complicating other abnor- malities.In her series the age at death ranged from infancy to 35 years, the mean being 71 years.Included among these are four patients who lived to be 21 years or more.Other cases reaching adolescence or adult life are those of Favorite (1934) with survival to 18 years, Drey et al. (1938) 14 years, Carns et al. (1941) 44 years, Mehta and Hewlett (1945) 56 years, and the famous case of Holmes (1824) in which death occurred at 21. Mann (1907) described a case of his own surviving to 35 and quotes three others living to 22, 24, and 39.Messeloff and Weaver (1951) reported a case of trans- position of the great vessels with a ventricular septal defect and survival to 38 years.In the nine cases reported from the Mayo Clinic, the oldest was only eight years (Rogers and Edwards, 1951).Other cases described, with death in childhood, are those of Korn- blum (1935), Taussig (1939), Glendy et al. (1944), Greenberg (1949), Brown (1950), Richman (1950), and Keizer (1952).A large ventricular septal defect may give rise to a heart that is functionally triloculate but anatomically four-chambered.Apart from this cause the condition may arise as the result of an extremely early arrest in the development of the heart.A single ventricle remains with, as a rule, a rudimentary outlet chamber representing the bulbus cordis (Taussig, 1947).A quite different malformation results from tricuspid atresia and absence or defective development of the right ventricle.
Projections of Lung Cancer Mortality in the United States: 1985-20251
Authors: C. C. Brown, L. G. Kessler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer death in the United States for the larger part of this century. Increases in smoking prevalence from the 1900s through the 1950s have resulted in more than 100,000 deaths annually. Because of the changes during the last three decades in smoking prevalence, the decreasing tar content of cigarettes, and the increasing popularity of low-tar cigarettes, trends in lung cancer are difficult to predict. This article presents an analysis of smoking and lung cancer data using an age-period-cohort model for projecting lung cancer mortality through the year 2025. The projections are based on the initial parameterization of the model and on prevention objectives related to smoking behavior established by the National Cancer Institute. It is concluded that the recent trends in lung cancer are unlikely to be affected by changes in cigarette composition and consumption in the near term, but increasing the effectiveness of anti-smoking campaigns can have a considerable effect on lung cancer rates in the more distant future.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Companion Handbook
Authors: Scott S. Ubillos
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Although sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are extremely common in the United States and throughout the world, many sufferers are referred to public health facilities. Therefore, primary care physicians often do not manage these patients on a daily basis. Health care professionals with little experience may find it difficult, for example, to differentiate the causes of genital ulcerative lesions or understand the many infectious sources of inguinal adenopathy. Furthermore, keeping abreast of current diagnostic tools and treatments can be overwhelming. With the emergence of HIV and its impact on other STDs, the area has never been more complicated or more vital in terms of both public and personal health. The authors of<i>Sexually Transmitted Diseases Companion Handbook</i>seek to simplify STDs in a concise, easily accessible source. Their companion to the second edition textbook accomplishes the goal well. The pocket-sized guide is a well-organized, thorough reference. Each disease is discussed in
Decision Analysis and Coronary Artery Surgery
Authors: J. O'NEAL HUMPHRIES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Editorials1 July 1976Decision Analysis and Coronary Artery SurgeryJ. O'NEAL HUMPHRIES, M.D., Robert L. LevyJ. O'NEAL HUMPHRIES, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert L. LevySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-1-123 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDecision-making is a daily responsibility of every physician. One of the most important decisions that a physician must make is that he "does not know" and therefore cannot make the best-informed judgment in the time allotted. In this situation he mustdecideto obtain consultation from a person who is able to make this judgment. The practicing physician must obtain consultation more frequently when dealing with patients with clinical disorders for which a new treatment has been developed, especially if the indications for this treatment are highly technical, controversial, and frequently changing as new information becomes available. The treatment of...References1. MARGOLIS J: Treadmill stage as a predictor of medical and surgical survival in coronary disease. Circulation 52:11-109, 1975 Google Scholar2. THOMSONKELEMEN PM: Hypotension accompanying the onset of exertional angina. Circulation 52:1-28, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. TAKAROHULTGRENDETRE THK: Cooperative study of coronary arterial surgery: II. Left main disease. Circulation 52 (suppl 2):II-143, 1975 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySurgical therapy for coronary artery disease: Caveat emptor 1 July 1976Volume 85, Issue 1Page: 123-124KeywordsCoronary arteriesDecision analysisSurgery Issue Published: 1 July 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Controlled Trial of HA-1A in a Canine Model of Gram-negative Septic Shock
Authors: Zenaide M. N. Quezado
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objectvie.</h3> —To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and microbiological and physiological effects of a human IgM monoclonal antibody (HA-1 A) directed against the lipid A component of endotoxin in a canine model of sepsis that simulates the cardiovascular abnormalities of human septic shock. <h3>Design.</h3> —Blinded, placebo-controlled 28-day trial. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Purpose-bred beagles were implanted with an intraperitoneal clot infected with<i>Escherichia coli</i>O111:B4. At clot placement, animals received HA-1A (10 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup>), control human IgM antibody (10 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup>), or control human serum albumin intravenously. All animals were given antibiotic and fluid therapy. <h3>Measures.</h3> —Survival and microbiological and physiological events. <h3>Results.</h3> —Only two (15%) of 13 animals in the HA-1A group, compared with eight (57%) of 14 control animals (combined control human IgM antibody and control human serum albumin groups) (<i>P</i>=.05), survived 28 days. At 24 hours, the HA-1A group had lower mean arterial pressure (<i>P</i>=.04) and cardiac index (<i>P</i>=.004) and higher lactate levels (<i>P</i>=.05) compared with the combined-controls group. In addition, these parameters in the HA-1A group were significantly more predictive of death. The HA-1 A and combined-controls groups had similar significant increases in the level of endotoxemia and bacteremia. Studies of toxic effects showed no harmful effects of control human IgM antibody in infected animals or HA-1 A in noninfected animals. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —In a canine model of<i>E coli</i>sepsis, HA-1 A did not alter levels of bacteremia or endotoxemia and actually decreased survival. If these data are relevant to human septic shock, HA-1 A therapy should be limited until the conditions under which this monoclonal antibody has beneficial or deleterious effects are more completely defined. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:2221-2227)
Additional Benefit of SPECT/CT in Bone Scanning of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Elizabeth Bailey, Ivan HoShon, Paul Roach
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A whole body bone scan with SPECT/CT of the thoracolumbar spine was performed on a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Bone scan demonstrated widespread skeletal metastases. In addition, CT identified a lytic lesion on the right side of T12 that was at risk for causing nerve root compression but was “cold” on bone scan. This was confirmed on MRI. Bone lesions associated with renal cell carcinoma are typically osteolytic and generally very aggressive, with a relatively high incidence of cold lesions. This case demonstrates that SPECT/CT not only allows more accurate lesion localization, but provided additional information complementary to SPECT alone.
GPs and specialists lack understanding and respect for each other, report says
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>ABSTRACT:</h3> During recent decades land degradation and destruction of forest cover has progressed rapidly in Laos. This is a result of shifting agriculture, in addition to destruction by bombing and use of defoliants during the war in Vietnam. To reverse this trend, the main phase of FAO/UNDP project on forest development and watershed management was launched in late 1985 to train, demonstrate, and assist in implementation of various watershed management and community foresty techniques for upland conservation. The objective of this paper is to show that with support from government and the local community, suitable watershed management could be achieved by large scale training of various levels of personnel, more than 53 percent of which were village leaders and workers, under the guidance of extension offices in 13 watersheds at Luang Prabang; demonstrating technology, improving yields to 2.6 T/ha of paddy yields compared to 0.G T/ha in shifting cultivation making technology available to farmers, and (3) providing incentives representing 60 percent of the cost for work and hand tools. These elements, plus full participation of the rural people in planning and demonstrations, resulted in development of more than 1,930 ha (4, 767 ac) of upland conservation works during 1985–89.
Antibiotics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: STEVEN J. SPERBER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1987Antibiotics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseSTEVEN J. SPERBER, M.D., FREDERICK G. HAYDEN, M.D.STEVEN J. SPERBER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, FREDERICK G. HAYDEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-6-910_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Anthonisen and colleagues (1) reported the effects of broad spectrum antibacterial agents in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The premise of their study is dependent on a causal role of bacterial infections in such exacerbations, although this has not been conclusively shown. Indeed, their results indicate that oral antimicrobial agents improved clinical outcome in a relatively small portion of exacerbations compared with placebo and provide indirect evidence that bacterial infection does not play a major role in such exacerbations.Several studies (2-5) have shown an association between respiratory viruses and exacerbations of...References1. ANTHONISENMANFREDAWARRENHERSHFIELDHARDINGNELSON NJCEGN. Antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:196-204. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MCNAMARAPHILLIPSWILLIAMS MIO. Viral and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of chronic lung disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1969;100:19-24. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. STENHOUSE A. Rhinovirus infection in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: a controlled prospective study. Br Med J 1967;3:461-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCHARDYINGLISCALDER VJM. A study of infective and other factors in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Br J Dis Chest. 1980;74:228-38. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SMITHGOLDENKANNERRENZETTI CCRA. Association of viral and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections with acute respiratory illness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980;121:225-32. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA 22908 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1987Volume 106, Issue 6Page: 910-910KeywordsAntibioticsAntimicrobialsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease Issue Published: 1 June 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Osteopontin, a key component of the hematopoietic stem cell niche and regulator of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: Susan K. Nilsson, Hayley M. Johnston, Genevieve A. Whitty, Brenda Williams, Ryan J. Webb, David T. Denhardt, Ivan Bertoncello, Linda J. Bendall, Paul J. Simmons, David N. Haylock
Journal: Blood (2005)
The ER Incident
Authors: Terry Eli Hill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

On Being a Doctor15 May 1992The ER IncidentTerry Eli Hill, MDTerry Eli Hill, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-10-867 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Uncertainty of HousestaffDisputes about the incident flourished throughout the hospital for months. The personalities of those involved quickly became less important than the race and group they represented. Simplifying failed to clarify, however, and discussions about race, in particular, were awkward and inconclusive.The housestaff were of multiple races and backgrounds. For most, choosing to train in an inner city public hospital reflected what we thought was a deep sense of purpose. Our feelings about being physicians were to grow more complex, however, not least because the community's unresolved problems battered and wearied us. The ER incident...References1. Sudnow D. Passing On: The Social Organization of Dying. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 1967:28. Google Scholar2. BergerMohr JJ. A Fortunate Man. New York: Pantheon Books; 1967. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by“It’s like heaven over there”: medicine as discipline and the production of the carceral body 15 May 1992Volume 116, Issue 10Page: 867-868KeywordsEmotionsGeriatricsMedical educationPersonalityRacial and ethnic issues Issue Published: 15 May 1992 Copyright & Permissions© 1992 American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Distribution of breakpoint within the breakpoint cluster region (<i>bcr</i>) in chronic myelogenous leukemia with a complex philadelphia chromosome translocation
Authors: Hikari Nishigaki, Johji Inazawa, Shinichi Misawa, Kazuhiro Nishida, Tsukasa Okuda, Shigeo Horiike, Shoichiro Tsuda, Masafumi Taniwaki, Tatsuo Abe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract We analyzed, by Southern blot hybridization, the site of breakpoint within the breakpoint cluster region ( bcr ) in six patients with a complex Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) translocation and in 23 unselected patients with a standard Ph. The breakpoint was found within the 5.8 kb bcr in all 29 patients. When the bcr was subdivided into four parts, fragments I–IV, based on the restriction enzyme sites, among the six patients with a complex Ph, two had a breakpoint at fragment I, three at fragment II, and one at fragment III. This distribution of breakpoints in patients with a complex Ph did not differ significantly from that in patients with a standard Ph. A deletion of an allele within the bcr was found in three patients (50%) with a complex Ph and in three (13%) with a standard Ph. The internal bcr deletion may be more common in patients with a complex Ph.
Brain haemorrhage in babies may not indicate violent abuse
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Dural and subdural haemorrhaging in infants, often considered by the courts to be a sure indicator of violent abuse, may be due to nothing of the sort, according to new research that is already affecting the outcome of criminal cases. The authors argue that the term “shaken baby syndrome,” with its implicit assumption of violence, should be abandoned in favour of less loaded language.

The research, in the current issue of the journal Neuropathol-ogy and Applied Neurobiology (2003;29:14-22), was a key factor in the recent acquittal of a Scottish childminder. Tina McLeod, aged 40, was released …
PLEA OF INSANITY
Authors: J. G. Davey
Journal: BMJ (1854)

Baron Alderson thus expressed himself, viz.: "The only insanity which excused a man for his acts was that speiea of delusion which conduced to and drove a man to commit the act alleged against him.If, for instance, a man,be;ng under the delusion that another man would kill him, kcilled that man, as he supposed, for his protection, he would be unpunishable for such an act, because it would
TCT-305 SeQuent Please Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Angioplasty For De Novo Coronary Lesions: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study
Authors: Javier Benezet, Ignacio Sanchez-Perez, Fernando Lozano, Natalia Pinilla, Felipe Higuera, Yasser Hessein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Is Metabolic Syndrome Related with Coronary Artery Disease Severity and Complexity: An Observational Study About IDF And AHA/NHLBI Metabolic Syndrome Definitions?
Authors: Ahmet Çağrı Aykan, İlker Gül, Ezgi Kalaycıoğlu, Tayyar Gökdeniz, Engin Hatem, Ümit Menteşe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND RESULTS IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Authors: JAMES H. WALL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

Fifteen case histories of patients suffering from anorexia nervosa have been discussed, together with diagnosis, symptoms and treatment. Treatment involves psychotherapy, tube-feeding, insulin or electroshock therapy, but also involvement in hospital social activities, and separation from families, to allow the patients to "grow up" again.