tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Cytologic Diagnosis of Cancer
Authors: Elizabeth A. McGrew
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The essential criteria of malignancy in exfoliated cells of various types of differentiated from normal, inflammatory, and radiation-induced changes, is as clearly illustrated in this book as in any other. Low power and high power photomicrographs are elucidated by watercolor drawings, diagrams, and the explanatory text. A new chapter on the identification of cells contains the crucial principles of applied cytology but is appended rather awkwardly at the end of the book along with chapters on technical and procedural matters. The literary style is chatty, and at times telegraphic. Dr. Graham has renounced polysyllabic descriptive terms for those universally meaningful and graphic. The terms "cluttered" or "messy" as applied to a microscopic field need no explanation or apology. An admirable restraint has been applied in limiting the content to logically arranged descriptions and illustrations of diagnostically important cellular criteria. In spite of Dr. Graham's well-known investigative interests in changes due
Effects of treatment with pyruvate and tromethamine in experimental myocardial ischemia.
Authors: A J Liedtke, S H Nellis, J R Neely, H C Hughes
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Failure of glycolysis to increase sufficiently to supply optimal levels of energy production in ischemic heart muscle is due in part to the cummulative restrainst of acidosis on rate-limiting enzymes, particularly glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. In an effort to modify this inhibition and salvage jeopardized myocardium, treatment with excess levels of pyruvate and tromethamine (Tris), designed to buffer intracellular hydrogen ion accumulations and improve the oxidation-reduction ratio, NAD+/NADH, was tested in 59 swine hearts in two separate preparations of global and regional ischemia. Global ischemia, per se, caused hemodynamic deterioration and shortened survival time (44.3 +/- 3.1 minutes). Myocardial oxygen consumption, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose uptake were all significantly (P less than 0.001) reduced as were estimates of glycolysis and tissue stores of creatine phosphate and ATP (P less than 0.01). Although treatment with Tris alone was inconclusive, administrations of pyruvate (40-50 mM) buffered with Tris (added directly into the coronary perfusate) effected an improvement in mechanical function and a significant prolongation in survival time (56.9 +/- 2.6 minutes. P less than 0.01). Glycogenolysis was enhanced and levels of key glycolytic intermediates were reduced, suggesting an acceleration of glycolytic flux. Excess levels of pyruvate (1.52 +/- 0.48 mumol/ml of coronary perfusate) provided added substrate for oxidation and led to a greater than 5-fold incrase in rates of pyruvate decarboxylation as compared to untreated ischemic hearts...
Abstract 5526: Development of dithiocarbamate/metal complexes in Pluronic® micelles for the treatment of malignancies
Authors: Venkatesh K. Rudrapatna, Ken M. Kosak, Moises C. Terrazas, Thomas P. Kennedy, Paul J. Shami
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Dithiocarbamate/metal complexes are potently cytotoxic towards malignant cells of different tissues of origin. We synthesized DETC/Cu, a chelate of diethylthiocarbamate (DETC) and copper (Cu2+). We formulated DETC/Cu in P123 Pluronic® micelles and studied its in vitro anti-cancer activity against the following human cancer cell lines: HL-60 (acute myeloid leukemia), PPC-1 (prostate cancer), HEP-3B (hepatocellular carcinoma) and DLD-1 (colon cancer). Controls were treated with empty P123 Pluronic® micelles. Cells were cultured with varying concentrations of the drug for 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs upon which cell growth was measured using an MTS cell proliferation assay. DETC/Cu inhibited growth in vitro at submicromolar concentrations. The 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.015 μM, 0.023 μM, 0.10 μM and 0.19 μM for HL-60, PPC-1, HEP-3B and DLD-1 cells, respectively. We also performed caspase activity assays at various time points and concentrations using the DETC/Cu. At concentrations of 0.25 μM, 0.5 μM and 1 μM DETC/Cu increased caspase 3 activity after three hours by 162, 265 and 318 percent over baseline, respectively. At the same concentrations and time point, DETC/Cu increased caspase 8 activation by 97, 97 and 82 percent over baseline, respectively. At the same concentrations and time point, DETC/Cu increased caspase 9 activity by 128,164, and 178 percent over baseline, respectively. These results demonstrate that DETC/Cu activates both the intrinsic and the extrinsic apoptosis pathways. In another experiment, the effect of DETC/Cu chelates on leukemia cell growth in vivo was studied. NOD/SCID IL2Rγnull mice were implanted bilaterally in the flanks with HL-60 cells. When tumors became palpable, treatment was started with DETC/Cu formulated in P123 Pluronic® micelles and administered intravenously every other day at a dose of 2 μmol/kg. There were 4 mice in each treatment group (Pluronic® P123 micelle control and DETC/Cu in P123 micelles). The experiment was terminated at day 15. At that point 3 out of 4 control animals had died and the one remaining alive had tumor volumes that had exceeded 10% of initial body weight. Tumor volumes were decreased by 22 and 33% in DETC/Cu-treated animals as opposed to vehicle controls on days 12 and 15, respectively. At the time of termination of the experiment, none of the animals treated with DETC/Cu had died. These results demonstrate that dithiocarbamate/metal complexes hold great promise for medicinal development as anti-cancer agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5526.
Blood Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
Authors: Ruth Andrea Seeler
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The third edition of the classic pediatric hematology text continues the admirable tradition of the previous editions. The manuscript was completely revised by Dr. Smith, who then enlisted the editorial assistance of Dr. Dennis Miller. Dr. Miller brought the manuscript to its final publication following the untimely death of Dr. Smith. The text has been extensively revised. The early chapters dealing with the didactics of pediatric hematology (structure, morphology, kinetics, physiology, and metabolism) have been updated to include the latest basic research advances. They constitute in themselves a text of hematological fundamentals. The sections dealing with the maternal-fetal interaction and the neonatal and perinatal periods have been extensively rewritten. It now includes a generous discussion of the obstetrical factors contributing to diagnosis and management of the Rh problem. In addition to a lengthy section on differential diagnosis and exchange transfusion management, there is a good discussion of the role of
A Plea for Alcohol.
Authors: David E. Matteson
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Lima, Ohio, Feb. 1, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof Nov. 26, 1898, is found the following from the pen of Dr. T. D. Crothers: "It is a startling fact that<i>all</i>the theories current of the food, tonic, stimulant and medicinal powers of alcohol have<i>no support from modern research</i>" (italics mine). This proposition is found near the close of a communication bristling with authorities, all of repute, who have, in detail and specifically, as regards the action of this drug on the nerve-cells, its effects on metabolism, its deteriorating influence on the leucocytes, seemingly established a basis on which Dr. Crothers may plausibly found his argument. The writer of this will not allow precedence to any one in his appreciation of the service that Dr. Crothers has rendered to his kind by correctly diagnosing and successfully treating that perennial plague, inebriety. No individual has done more,
Trauma and Pregnancy
Authors: Sylvia M. Ramos
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<i>Trauma and Pregnancy</i>, edited by Christine E. Haycock, is intended for "general surgeons, emergency medical specialists, and any specialist who must manage the care of the traumatized pregnant patient." Its 15 chapters are written by present or former faculty of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey who have garnered experience from patients seen in the University Hospital's emergency room, which has 80,000 to 100,000 annual visits. As is mentioned in the book, approximately 7% of all pregnant women will undergo traumatic injury of various types. Therefore, this book is very timely and likely to have a wide and heterogeneous audience among medical specialists. There are several up-to-date and informative chapters, among which are "Anesthetic Management of Traumatized Patients," "Neonatal Aspects of the Injured Fetus," "Chest Trauma in Pregnancy," and "Orthopedic Trauma in the Pregnant Patient." Discussion in these chapters is centered on the traumatized pregnant woman or
Structure fine du ganglion humain normal et malin
Authors: Kurt Stern
Journal: JAMA (1964)

What morphologic investigations can contribute to the understanding of physiological and pathological processes is magnificently demonstrated in this king-sized volume, the main portion of which is an atlas of lymph node cytology. The introductory text presents the techniques employed for electron microscopy and brief case histories of the patients whose lymph node biopsies were used for this study. In a detailed outline of normal lymph node cytology, findings obtained with light microscopy and electron microscopy are correlated with each other and with functional aspects. This forms the background for a lucid discussion of the ultrastructure of cells in malignant lymphomas. While the authors take a stand on some controversial aspects of nomenclature and interpretation, they commendably refrain from introducing any new terminology. The main portion of the monograph consists of 100 excellently reproduced plates, mostly electron micrographs, provided with informative legends and markings. They follow the same sequence as the
Experimental Subjects
Authors: Richard A. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ON JULY 29, 1975, Caspar N. Weinberger endorsed the substance of the recommendations on fetal research of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects. In effect, this removed the ban on fetal experiments that had existed since July 1974. Except in one instance (that of aborted dying fetuses), the key restrictive constraint in the Commission's recommendations on nontherapeutic fetal research is minimal or no risk to the fetus. It is clear that the Commission's assessment of fetal dignity is at some point in sharp contrast to that of the Supreme Court's Wade and Bolton decisions.  The main objection of those who opposed any nontherapeutic research on the fetus was that such research was being imposed on one incapable of consent and, therefore, that the fetus was being used only as a means and not also as an end in himself. Much the same argument has been used against
Biologic response to the HELEX™ septal occluder implantation in the canine heart
Authors: Geoffrey K. Lane, Nicholas P. Macri, John F. Rhodes, C.Igor Mesia, Lourdes R. Prieto, Paul L. Sawyer, Melanie M. Manning, Dena J. Anderson, Evan M. Zahn, Larry A. Latson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Women in Medicine
Authors: Robert H. Keiter
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To  Editor.—  Dr Dimond's article, in my opinion, is male fantasy. My spouse and I are both physicians and have experienced some realities. Dr Dimond says that the time and circumstance of pregnancy are essentially within her  Our first came while my spouse was in medical school, and it was unplanned. The second was planned but came two years late. So much for control. We did not abdicate our roles of housekeeping, shopping, or laundry, for to do so is to surrender  true family experience. I am guilty of  abomination of  mundane. Imagine me, a board-certified physician, cleaning commodes, changing diapers, and towing kids through a busy supermarket. I could have delegated this to one of  incompetents we went through in search of a housekeeper, but  most important interaction I ever had with my children occurred at unpredictable moments in  midst of
Training of Peer Reviewers: Validation of a 5-Point Rating Scale
Authors: Michael Callaham
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

It is only about 25 years since the abolition or abandonment of TB sanatoria in South Africa.It is likely that there are people in South Africa who are familiar with the idea of isolation of TB patients from the general public emanating from the era of TB sanatoria, and it is conceivable that they are likely to be understanding of the reasons that were used to keep patients there during their treatment.These people could help to make the idea of isolation in sanatoria acceptable again to the general public.Anyway, the TB sanatoria of this era were rightfully regarded as hospitals, as indeed they were, and I cannot see why modern day sanatoria should be viewed any differently.Granted, with the likelihood that the patients detained in these envisaged isolation areas may be more likely to die than be discharged, it will be a mammoth task to convince the "detainees" to stay there or their families to allow them to be kept there, especially if they are minors or the elderly infi rm.It is a tough call but it is worth a try.
Adriamycin Cardiotoxicity in Man
Authors: JOHN J. RINEHART
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Noninvasive methods to detect early adriamycin-induced cardiac injury and to follow the course of the injury were prospectively studied. Serial physical examinations, chest X rays, electrocardiograms (ECG), and systolic time interval measurements were done. The pre-ejection period to left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET) ratio increased in eight of nine patients receiving a cumulative dose of 310 to 540 mg/m2 body surface area of adriamycin. Heart size increased in only two of these patients, and ECG changed in only one. PEP/LVET ratios improved 2 to 6 months after cessation of therapy. Persistently abnormal ratios improved in three of four patients after treatment with digoxin. Patients receiving a cumulative dose of 56 to 290 mg/m2 body surface area of adriamycin showed transient worsening of PEP/LVET ratios that returned to normal by 1 month after therapy. Patients receiving other chemotherapeutic agents had no increase in PEP/LVET ratios. Systolic time interval measurements are valuable in detecting early cardiotoxicity and in reducing the risk of life-threatening heart failure in patients receiving adriamycin.
Woman's Medical College of Philadelphia.
Authors: Clara Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 11, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your issue of Oct. 6, 1894, I see that you have given the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania an extended notice, for which we are greatly obliged, but I beg to call your attention to a very serious error, viz., you have placed our reading room fee for each of the four years at $50 instead of 50 cents, making a total of $200 instead of $2 for the course. May I ask you to correct this error and oblige, Yours very respectfully, It was the derelict decimals.
The Truth About Ozone
Authors: John F. Norton
Journal: JAMA (1913)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —Hardly a month passes without some request coming to this laboratory concerning ozonizers and the uses of ozone for ventilating purposes. It was therefore encouraging to read the recent article of Drs. Jordan and Carlson (The Journal, Sept. 27, 1913, p. 1007) on the properties of ozone, as well as that of Sawyer, Beckwith and Skolfield (ibid., p. 1013), concerning tests on ozone machines. These give the most definite data yet published on the subject. During the past year I have had several opportunities to see installations of these machines in a number of places. Invariably the odor of ozone could be detected only close to the machine. As the odor in very small quantities can be so readily noticed, this means that the gas was not being distributed far from its source. In some places good results were claimed for the machine. It has been my
Vitamin K2 selectively induces apoptosis of blastic cells in myelodysplastic syndrome: flow cytometric detection of apoptotic cells using APO2.7 monoclonal antibody
Authors: M Yaguchi, K Miyazawa, M Otawa, T Katagiri, J Nishimaki, Y Uchida, O Iwase, A Gotoh, Y Kawanishi, K Toyama
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
Hypoxia-induced p38 MAPK activation reduces Mcl-1 expression and facilitates sensitivity towards BH3 mimetics in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: M F Huelsemann, M Patz, L Beckmann, K Brinkmann, T Otto, J Fandrey, H J Becker, S Theurich, M von Bergwelt-Baildon, C P Pallasch, R P Zahedi, H Kashkar, H C Reinhardt, M Hallek, C M Wendtner, L P Frenzel
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Benzhexol and Side Effects with Long-acting Fluphenazine Therapy
Authors: L. Grove, J. L. Crammer
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Sixteen patients who had for some months been on fluphenazine enanthate injections (1-3 ml) every two or three weeks, with daily oral benzhexol (6-40 mg), were divided into two groups comparable in age, diagnostic category, and drug dose.Placebo was substituted under blind controlled conditions for benzhexol in one group, and both groups were regularly assessed by Simpson rating scale for extra-pyramidal signs, and by a 30-question symptom check list. Both assessments were found reliable.Four out of eight patients had severe reactions when off benzhexol, but symptoms such as tremor and daytime sleepiness were unaltered in all patients. The other four did not suffer adversely from withdrawal of benzhexol.Acute withdrawal is therefore unjustified, but occasional revision of dosage of anti-Parkinsonian drugs is advisable. There is no evidence that tolerance develops to any effect of a phenothiazine, but long-continued benzhexol might induce a denervation supersensitivity. It is also possible that Parkinsonian signs are dependent on affective state.
Dyspepsia and weight loss in a 47-year-old man
Authors: Mohan Ramchandani, Sundeep Lakhtakia, Domenico Galasso, Todd Baron, Anuradha Sekaran, D Nageshwar Reddy
Journal: Gut (2014)

A major proportion of the workload in many histopathology laboratories is accounted for by endometrial biopsies, either curettage specimens or outpatient biopsy specimens. The increasing use of pipelle and other methods of biopsy not necessitating general anaesthesia has resulted in greater numbers of specimens with scant tissue, resulting in problems in assessing adequacy and in interpreting artefactual changes, some of which appear more common with outpatient biopsies. In this review, the criteria for adequacy and common artefacts in endometrial biopsies, as well as the interpretation of endometrial biopsies in general, are discussed, concentrating on areas that cause problems for pathologists. An adequate clinical history, including knowledge of the age, menstrual history and menopausal status, and information on the use of exogenous hormones and tamoxifen, is necessary for the pathologist to critically evaluate endometrial biopsies. Topics such as endometritis, endometrial polyps, changes that are induced by hormones and tamoxifen within the endometrium, endometrial metaplasias and hyperplasias, atypical polypoid adenomyoma, adenofibroma, adenosarcoma, histological types of endometrial carcinoma and grading of endometrial carcinomas are discussed with regard to endometrial biopsy specimens rather than hysterectomy specimens. The value of ancillary techniques, especially immunohistochemistry, is discussed where appropriate.
Nutritional status and mortality of refugee and resident children in a non-camp setting during conflict: follow up study in Guinea-Bissau
Authors: P. Aaby, J. Gomes, M. Fernandes, Q. Djana, I. Lisse, H. Jensen
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To study the effects on children of humanitarian aid agencies restricting help to refugee families (internally displaced people).Follow up study of 3 months.Prabis peninsular outside Bissau, the capital of Guinea-Bissau, which has functioned as a refugee area for internally displaced people in the ongoing war, and the study area of the Bandim health project in Bissau.422 children aged 9-23 months in 30 clusters.Mid-upper arm circumference and survival in relation to residence status.During the refugee situation all children deteriorated nutritionally, and mortality was high (3.0% in a 6 week period). Rice consumption was higher in families resident in Prabis than in refugees from Bissau but there was no difference in food expenditure. Nutritional status, measured by mid- upper arm circumference, was not associated with rice consumption levels in the family, and the decline in circumference was significantly worse for resident than for refugee children; the mid-upper arm circumference of refugee children increased faster than that of resident children. For resident children, mortality was 4.5 times higher (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 30.0) than for refugee children. Mortality for both resident and refugee children was 7.2 times higher (1.3 to 133.9) during the refugee's stay in Prabis compared with the period after the departure of the refugees.In a non-camp setting, residents may be more malnourished and have higher mortality than refugees. Major improvements in nutritional status and a reduction in mortality occurred in resident and refugee children as soon as refugees returned home despite the fact that there was no improvement in food availability.This paper examines the nutritional status and mortality of refugee and resident children in a non-camp setting during the war in Guinea-Bissau. Subjects included 422 children aged 9-23 months in 30 clusters. Results showed that, during the refugee situation, all the children deteriorated nutritionally and mortality was high (3.0% in a 6-week period). Rice consumption was higher in families residing in Prabis than in refugees from Guinea-Bissau, but there was no difference in food expenditure. Nutritional status, measured by mid-upper-arm circumference, was not associated with rice consumption levels in the family, and the decline in circumference was significantly worse for resident than for refugee children; the mid-upper-arm circumference increased faster than that of resident children. For resident children, mortality was 4.5 times higher than for refugee children. Mortality for both resident and refugee children was 7.2 times higher during the refugee's stay in Prabis compared with the period after the departure of the refugees. Finally, major improvements in nutritional status and reduction in mortality occurred in resident and refugee children as soon as refugees returned home despite the fact that there were no improvements in food availability.
THE ACETIC ANHYDRIDE TEST IN CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID
Authors: F. K. Herbert
Journal: BMJ (1929)

THE ACETIC ANEYDRIDE TEST IN CEREBRO-SPINAEL FLUID.[MIJ 953 corpuscles 1,100,000 per c.mm., haemoglobin 23 per cent., colour index 1.1, white blood cells 2,400 per c.mm. Megaloblasts and megalocytes were present, and there was also anisocytosis.Trcatmcnt.-This was the same as that given. in Caso ii.Progrcss.-Tbepatient continued to become weaker, and on Decomber 5th, despite a blood transfusion performed early the samc day, he died.Pot-mn ortcm Examination.-Theliver, kidneys, and spleen gavo a marked iron reaction, and the bone marrow slhowed a megalo- blastie reaction.No other disease was present, except antlhracosis of the lulngs.The remarks applied to Caso ii by way of commelnt also apply to this last case.These tlhree cases afford some evidence against the preva- lent view, that every true case of Addison's anaemia, must necessarily be beniefited by liver therapy.So far, very few unfavourable iresults following this treatment have been published, btht two of Fraser's series failed to respond for no accounitable reason.G. Guiani of Genoa found that 15 per cent. of his cases gave no response to liover, but * For the majority of these fluids I am indcbted to Dr. E. A. CarmichaeL