tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correlations Between the Chest Film and Hemodynamics in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: WILLIAM KOSTUK, JOHN W. BARR, ALLEN L. SIMON, JOHN ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1973)

A series of 169 standardized chest films was analyzed relative to hemodynamic parameters obtained within 2 hr of the roentgenogram in 86 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The films were evaluated for cardiomegaly using the cardiothoracic ratio and the standardized, external left heart dimension. The radiographic appearance of the pulmonary vasculature was divided into levels of increasing severity: normal, pulmonary venous congestion, interstitial pulmonary edema, alveolar pulmonary edema. These were compared with wedge pressure levels of ⪕12, 13-18, 19-25, and &gt;25 mm Hg, respectively. Correlations with the admission films of the 86 patients showed: 1) The appearance of the pulmonary vasculature accurately predicted the patient's wedge pressure on admission in 43% of the cases, overestimated it in 33% and underestimated it in 24%. 2) The presence of cardiomegaly and/or pleural effusion indicated an elevated wedge pressure with a high degree of certainty; however the absence of these signs did not exclude an elevated wedge pressure. 3) In only 62% of the studies was the chest film able to detect or exclude the presence of pulmonary venous hypertension. However, when wedge pressures were elevated to 19-25 mm Hg and over 25 mm Hg, 74% and 100%; respectively of roentgenograms had some evidence of pulmonary venous hypertension. 4) There was a high degree of correlation between the patient's admission physical findings, as evidenced by clinical classification, and the radiologic assessment of pulmonary venous hypertension. There was no statistical variation in the accuracy of the estimate of wedge pressure in relation to the time elapsed from onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction. However, a therapeutic phase lag was encountered in 21 patients, the chest films remaining abnormal for a period of 1 to 4 days following return of the wedge pressure to normal. A diagnostic phase lag was encountered in 6 patients in whom the chest film did not correlate with elevation of wedge pressure for up to 12 hr. Furthermore, in 17 patients the films were normal in spite of a persistently elevated wedge pressure for 6 to 24 hr. These studies document the limitations of the chest roentgenogram in predicting the hemodynamic status of patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Atherosclerosis in Rats Induced by Repeated Breedings, ACTH and Unilateral Nephrectomy
Authors: BERNARD C. WEXLER, THOMAS E. BROWN, BENJAMIN F. MILLER
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

Repeatedly-bred rats of both sexes develop subintimal accumulations of acid mucopolysaccharides and fibroblastic proliferation followed by distortion and destruction of elastic lamellae. Fibrosis, endothelial hyperplasia, lipid deposition, calcification and atheromata are also observed. Changes in the elastic tissue occur independently, and later than the alterations of the ground substance and the fibroblasts. Calcification is found in more advanced lesions, showing an affinity for areas rich in mucopolysaccharides. Exogenous ACTH and unilateral nephrectomy augment early atherosclerotic changes associated with multiple breedings.
Does Primary Biliary Cirrhosis in Men Differ from Primary Biliary Cirrhosis in Women?† ‡ §
Authors: Lawrence R. Rubel, Lionel Rabin, Leonard B. Seeff, Harvey Licht, Brenda A. Cuccherini
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Primary biliary cirrhosis is infrequently diagnosed in men, so that the clinical, biochemical and histopathological spectrum of this disease in men has not been evaluated. Therefore, we studied 30 men who had a histological diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis and had positive tests for antimitochondrial antibodies. Five patients had no hepatobiliary symptoms, and two of these patients had neither biochemical nor histological evidence of cholestasis. These 30 male patients’ findings were compared with the findings in 30 age-matched women who also had primary biliary cirrhosis and antimitochondrial antibodies. Six of these patients were asymptomatic. Clinical findings and symptomatic status, in addition to biochemical and histopathological features, were generally similar in both male and female patients. The possible significance of higher serum alkaline phosphatase activities and lower frequency of occurrence of piecemeal necrosis in men with primary biliary cirrhosis, as compared with women, requires further study.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH ZOTAROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IN DIFFERENT INDICATIONS: ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION VERSUS ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME WITHOUT ST SEGMENT ELEVATION VERSUS STABLE ANGINA: A POOLED ANALYSIS FROM THE RESOLUTE PROGRAM
Authors: Petr Widimsky, Jorge Belardi, Martin Leon, Laura Mauri, Ian Meredith, Franz&ndash;Josef Neumann, Shigeru Saito, Patrick Serruys, Sigmund Silber, Stephan Windecker, Alan Yeung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Esophageal Diverticulum Presenting as Metastatic Thyroid Mass on Iodine-131 Scintigraphy
Authors: Khurram Rashid, William Johns, Kelly Chasse, Michael Walker, Shiv M. Gupta
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A follow-up I-131 whole-body scintigram performed on a 56-year-old man 2 years after total thyroidectomy and ablation therapy with radioactive I-131 for papillary thyroid carcinoma showed focal midline uptake in the anterior neck compatible with thyroid remnant tissue or metastatic papillary carcinoma. The activity largely dissipated on additional "postwash" imaging after fluid ingestion, indicating accumulation of activity most likely in the patient's known Zenker diverticulum rather than thyroidal tissue. The possibility of a false-positive study resulting from related conditions needs to be considered for proper interpretation. Radiographic correlation helps differentiate a functional thyroid remnant from physiological or false-positive findings.
Ontogeny-recapitulating generation and tissue integration of ES cell–derived Purkinje cells
Authors: Keiko Muguruma, Ayaka Nishiyama, Yuichi Ono, Hiroyuki Miyawaki, Eri Mizuhara, Seiji Hori, Akira Kakizuka, Kunihiko Obata, Yuchio Yanagawa, Tomoo Hirano, Yoshiki Sasai
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2010)
Before Chernobyl: Hanford, Savannah River, and Rocky Flats
Authors: C. J. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a commentary on Chernobyl, a hypothetical scenario is described by Dr Cassel: "Had an accident and radiation release of similar magnitude occurred at Hanford [Wash], the milk in Madison, Wis, would have been taken off the market because of unacceptable levels of radioactive iodine 131".<sup>1</sup>She further elaborates that farmers in Nebraska would be forced to discard their vegetables because of high radioactive contamination. Couples in Iowa would have been advised not to conceive babies for several weeks, parents with children would have left Spokane, Wash, because of increased radiation levels, and 500 000 people at an open-air festival in Chicago would have been drenched by radioactive rain-water. It is stated that "all these things occurred in places in Europe at comparable distances from the Chernobyl accident." In fact, a release of iodine 131 of great magnitude did occur at Hanford in 1945. An estimated
Inhibition of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms unmasks ERK-dependent hypertrophic growth evoked by phenylephrine in adult ventricular cardiomyocytes*1
Authors: R SCHRECKENBERG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: The duration of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and the ERK-dependency of hypertrophic growth differ between stimulation of α-adrenoceptors or angiotensin II receptors. As both receptor systems activate different protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, we hypothesized that PKC isoforms contribute to the specific effect of α-adrenoceptor stimulation. Methods: Isolated adult ventricular cardiomyocytes from rats were used. Different PKC isoforms were inhibited either pharmacologically by six different PKC inhibitors or specifically downregulated by antisense oligonucleotides. ERK activation was determined by phosphorylation relative to total ERK. The rate of protein synthesis was determined by 14C-phenylalanine incorporation. Results: The hypertrophic response of phenylephrine was inhibited in a concentration-dependent fashion by three different inhibitors of Ca2+-independent PKC isoforms (Gö6983, rottlerin, Gö6850), but not by three distinct PKC inhibitors directed preferentially against Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms (Ro32-0432, HBDDE, Gö6976). Antisense oligonucleotides directed against PKC-α, -δ, or -ε downregulated their specific isoforms. Their corresponding sense oligonucleotides did not affect PKC isoform expression. The phenylephrine-induced increase in protein synthesis was blocked by antisense oligonucleotides directed against PKC-δ or PKC-ε but not PKC-α, confirming the pharmacological experiments. Inhibition of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms by HBDDE or Gö6976 converted a transient activation of ERK by phenylephrine into a sustained response. Under these conditions, phenylephrine increased protein synthesis in an ERK-dependent way. Conclusion: Inhibition of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms converts the ERK-independent effect of phenylephrine on protein synthesis into an ERK-dependent induction of protein synthesis. We conclude that co-activation of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms by phenylephrine contributes to the specific effect on adult ventricular cardiomyocytes from rat.
Malignant Hypertension Following Renal Artery Branch Obstruction
Authors: Gysbert G. Geyskes
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Occlusion of a renal artery branch with subsequent partial renal infarction resulted in high renin production from the ischemic part of the kidney and malignant hypertension. Absence of overall ischemia from the affected kidney prevented development of a pattern of increased concentration of nonabsorbable solutes (ie, creatinine and para-aminohippuric acid), although total urine flow was decreased by reduction of renal excretory mass. Renin activity was at least tenfold higher in the ischemic area than in the normal kidney and manifested itself clinically by a 1.7 to 1 difference in the preoperative renal vein renin values between the affected and nonaffected kidneys. Removal of the affected kidney resulted in a "cure" of the malignant hypertension.
High-Amplitude Peristaltic Esophageal Contractions Associated With Chest Pain
Authors: Morris Traube
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Review of esophageal motility tracings performed during a three-year period yielded 112 patients who underwent the test because of chest pain of unclear etiology. Thirteen patients had high-amplitude peristaltic contractions. All 13 patients had pressurelike pain, ten had dysphagia, and six had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. The presence of an elevated lower esophageal sphincter pressure in five patients suggested a spectrum of hypertensive disorders of the esophagus variously affecting the body, the sphincter, or both. This latter subgroup responded to esophageal bougienage. Six patients had objective evidence for gastroesophageal reflux. These patients had at least partial relief from antireflux measures. High-amplitude peristaltic contractions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of noncardiac chest pain, since recognition of this entity can lead to appropriate management and symptom relief. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2655-2659)
CEREBELLUM CYST—ANTE-MORTEM DIAGNOSIS.Read in the Section of Neurology and Medical Jurisprudence, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: WILLIAM C. KRAUSE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

For the history of this case and the pleasure of having made the observation, I am indebted to my friend, Dr. Linus T. McAdam of Buffalo, N. Y.: Name, Jacob M.; age, 36 years; height, five feet seven inches; weight, 170 pounds; complexion fair; constitution robust, well developed. Antecedents, nothing of particular note was elicited; family history good. <i>Early History</i>.—The patient passed through infancy and adolescence, without any serious illness; never contracted syphilis or gonorrhea. Some years ago he suffered a slight attack of insolation from which, however, he seemed to have fully recovered. <i>Present History</i>.—On October 23,1892, the patient consulted Dr. McAdam for pain in back of the head, dizziness, nausea, peculiar revolving sensations in his head and on standing or while walking an inclination to be drawn backward. So strong were these last sensations that while the patient was in bed he would be compelled to turn on
Treatment with interferon-α2b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV–infected rhesus macaques
Authors: Darryl Falzarano, Emmie de Wit, Angela L Rasmussen, Friederike Feldmann, Atsushi Okumura, Dana P Scott, Doug Brining, Trenton Bushmaker, Cynthia Martellaro, Laura Baseler, Arndt G Benecke, Michael G Katze, Vincent J Munster, Heinz Feldmann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Development of a FLP/frt System for Generating Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors
Authors: Philip Ng, Cindy Beauchamp, Carole Evelegh, Robin Parks, Frank L. Graham
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Helper-dependent (HD) adenoviral vectors devoid of all viral coding sequences have a large cloning capacity and have been reported to provide long-term transgene expression in vivo with negligible toxicity, making them attractive vectors for gene therapy. Currently, the most efficient means of generating HD vectors involves co-infecting 293 cells expressing Cre with the HD vector and a helper virus bearing a packaging signal flanked by loxP sites. Cre-mediated excision of the packaging signal renders the helper virus genome unpackageable but still able to replicate and to provide helper functions for HD vector propagation. HD vector titer is increased by serial co-infections. Typically, helper virus contamination is ≤1% pre- and ≤0.1% postpurification by CsCl banding. While these contamination levels are low, further reduction is desirable. Alternative methods of selection against the helper virus may achieve this goal, especially when combined with Cre/loxP. We describe the development of a system for generating HD vectors based on site-specific recombination between frt sites catalyzed by FLP recombinase and show by direct comparison that the FLP/frt and Cre/loxP systems are equivalent with respect to HD vector amplification efficiency and helper virus contamination levels. Availability of a second recombinase system for HD vector production will enhance the utility and flexibility of HD vectors. Helper-dependent (HD) adenoviral vectors devoid of all viral coding sequences have a large cloning capacity and have been reported to provide long-term transgene expression in vivo with negligible toxicity, making them attractive vectors for gene therapy. Currently, the most efficient means of generating HD vectors involves co-infecting 293 cells expressing Cre with the HD vector and a helper virus bearing a packaging signal flanked by loxP sites. Cre-mediated excision of the packaging signal renders the helper virus genome unpackageable but still able to replicate and to provide helper functions for HD vector propagation. HD vector titer is increased by serial co-infections. Typically, helper virus contamination is ≤1% pre- and ≤0.1% postpurification by CsCl banding. While these contamination levels are low, further reduction is desirable. Alternative methods of selection against the helper virus may achieve this goal, especially when combined with Cre/loxP. We describe the development of a system for generating HD vectors based on site-specific recombination between frt sites catalyzed by FLP recombinase and show by direct comparison that the FLP/frt and Cre/loxP systems are equivalent with respect to HD vector amplification efficiency and helper virus contamination levels. Availability of a second recombinase system for HD vector production will enhance the utility and flexibility of HD vectors.
Confirmation By Spiral CT of A Partially Occlusive Thrombus of the Right Pulmonary Artery Suggested By a V/Q Lung Scan
Authors: Pierre Payoux, Denise Galy–Fourcade, Eric Ouhayoun, Jean Paul Esquerre
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Findings on perfusion and ventilation imaging in a 24-year-old woman with anterior chest pain were consistent with pulmonary embolism involving the right lung. An astute physician raised the possibility of a thrombus occluding the right pulmonary artery, and subsequent spiral computed tomography confirmed the suspicion of an occluding thrombus at that site. Had spiral computed tomography been done first, the diagnosis would have been made much more rapidly.
Telomere length shortening is associated with disease evolution in chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Jackie Boultwood, Carrie Fidler, Patricia Shepherd, Fiona Watkins, Joanna Snowball, Sara Haynes, Rajko Kusec, Alex Gaiger, Timothy J. Littlewood, Andrew J. Peniket, James S. Wainscoat
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

We studied telomere length in the peripheral blood leukocyte samples of a large group of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) by Southern blot hybridization using the (TTAGGG)4 probe. The average telomere length expressed as the peak telomere repeat array (TRA) of the peripheral blood samples obtained from a group of 34 healthy age-matched controls ranged between 7.6 and 10.0 kb and the mean peak TRA was 8.7 kb. Forty-one patients in the chronic phase of CML were studied; 32/41 (78%) showed telomere reduction (<7.6 kb) relative to age-matched controls and the mean peak TRA was 6.4 kb (range 4.0-10.6 kb). Serial samples were analysed from 12 patients at both chronic phase and during disease progression. The leukocyte DNA of all 12 patients in accelerated phase and/or blast crisis showed telomere reduction relative to age-matched controls and the mean peak TRA was 4.1 kb (range 3.0-5.4 kb). The peak TRA in the accelerated or blast phase was reduced compared with the corresponding paired sample in the chronic phase in all cases studied. These data show that a marked reduction in telomere length is associated with disease progression in CML.
Reducing the Costs of Screening Blood for Unexpected Antibodies-Reply
Authors: Ira A. Shulman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  We wish to thank Peter Issitt for his thoughtful comments about our recent report inThe Journal. We plan to compare the albumin-to-IAT method we currently use when testing serum samples for unexpected antibodies with the saline-to-IAT method. If the comparison shows the saline-to-IAT method to be comparable with the albumin-to-IAT method, our pretransfusion compatibility testing protocol will be modified so that an additional cost reduction can be effected in our laboratory.
Regulated, Adenovirus-Mediated Delivery of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Suppresses Growth of Estrogen-Induced Pituitary Prolactinomas
Authors: Judith C. Williams, Daniel Stone, Joseph R. Smith-Arica, Ian D. Morris, Pedro R. Lowenstein, Maria G. Castro
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Prolactin-secreting adenomas are one of the most common types of intracranial neoplasm found in humans. The modalities of clinical treatment currently in use include D(2)-dopamine receptor agonists, surgery, and radiotherapy, and the success rates for treatment are good. However, there are prolactinomas that are difficult to treat. As an alternative, we have developed a gene therapy strategy in which the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), is overexpressed in the anterior pituitary (AP) gland. Because dopamine is known to have an inhibitory effect on lactotroph growth and prolactin secretion, we developed a system that would enable its local synthesis from freely available precursor amino acids. A dual adenovirus tetracycline-regulatable expression system was generated to control the production of TH. In the absence but not presence of the tetracycline analog doxycycline, TH expression was observed in AP tumor cell lines AtT20, GH3, and MMQ. In both primary AP cell cultures and the AP gland, in situ expression of TH was seen in lactotrophs, somatotrophs, corticotrophs, thyrotrophs, and gonadotrophs in the absence but not presence of doxycycline. The ability of this system to inhibit hyperprolactinemia and pituitary lactotroph hyperplasia was then assessed in a model of estrogen- or estrogen/sulpiride-induced pituitary tumors. In the absence but not presence of doxycycline, a 49% reduction in pituitary growth and 58% reduction in the increase of circulating prolactin levels were observed in estrogen, but not estrogen/sulpiride, treated rats. These results indicate that in situ dopamine enhancement gene therapy can be a useful tool for the treatment of prolactinoma. Dopamine synthesis can be tightly regulated and the therapeutic benefit of the system is only inhibited when local dopamine signaling is impaired.
Immunoglobulin E-rheumatoid factor in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and other diseases.
Authors: B L Zuraw, C H O'Hair, J H Vaughan, D A Mathison, J G Curd, D H Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was developed to detect immunoglobulin (Ig)E antibodies that bound to human IgG. IgE-rheumatoid factor activity was found in the serum of 18 of 20 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, 1 of 4 patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 32 patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 32 patients with asthma, and in 1 patient with hypocomplementemic vasculitis and iodide sensitivity. Immunopathologic implications of IgE-rheumatoid factor are discussed.