tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS)
Authors: Curt D. Furberg
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The undersigned authors participated in the conduct of MIDAS.<sup>1</sup>For the record, we feel it important to state publicly why we dropped out of the investigative group while the final paper was under preparation. At the point of our departure, we believed that the sponsor of the study was attempting to wield undue influence on the nature of the final paper. This effort was so oppressive that we felt it inhibited academic freedom and led to substantial differences within the MIDAS group with regard to the ultimate presentation and interpretation of the results. Fortunately, the published article is very near to the paper we would have written had we remained part of the investigative group. We congratulate the authors on the final product and wish to express our respect for the peer review process that helped lead to an improved publication.
CaMKII-mediated increased lusitropic responses to β-adrenoreceptor stimulation in ANP-receptor deficient mice
Authors: Sevdalina Yurukova, Ana Kilić, Katharina Völker, Kirsten Leineweber, Nataliya Dybkova, Lars S. Maier, Otto-Erich Brodde, Michaela Kuhn
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Mice with genetic disruption of the guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), have chronic arterial hypertension and marked cardiac hypertrophy. Intriguingly, despite pronounced remodeling, cardiac contractile functions and cardiomyocyte Ca(2+)-handling are preserved and even enhanced. The present study aimed to characterize the specific molecular mechanisms preventing cardiac failure.Contractile function and expression as well as phosphorylation of regulatory proteins were evaluated in isolated perfused working hearts from wild-type and GC-A KO mice under baseline conditions and during beta(1)-adrenergic stimulation. Ca(i)(2+)-transients were monitored in Indo-1 loaded isolated adult cardiomyocytes. Cardiac contractile, especially lusitropic responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation was significantly increased in GC-A KO mice. This was concomitant to enhanced expression and activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), increased dual-site phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) at Ser(16) and Thr(17), enhanced amplitude of Ca(i)(2+) transients, and accelerated Ca(i)(2+) decay. In contrast, the expression of cardiac ryanodine receptors and phosphorylation at Ser(2809) and Ser(2815) was not altered. Pharmacological inhibition of CaMKII-but not of protein kinase A-mediated PLB phosphorylation totally abolished the increased effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation on cardiac contractility and Ca(i)(2+)-handling. Thus, acceleration of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-uptake and increased availability of Ca(2+) for contraction, both secondary to increased CaMKII-mediated PLB phosphorylation, seem to mediate the augmented responsiveness of GC-A KO hearts to catecholamines.Our observations show that increased CaMKII activity enhances the contractile relaxation response of hypertrophic GC-A KO hearts to beta-adrenergic stimulation and emphasize the critical role of CaMKII-dependent pathways in beta(1)-adrenoreceptor modulation of myocardial Ca(2+)-homeostasis and contractility.
New Evidence of the Prevalence and Scope of Physician Joint Ventures
Authors: Jean M. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Physician ownership of health care businesses (outside their own practice) to which they refer patients has attracted considerable attention in the medical literature, in the media, and from federal and state policymakers. Despite the concerns raised about these ownership arrangements, known as joint ventures, the prevalence and scope of joint ventures involving physicians is not well documented. This report examines the prevalence and scope of physician joint ventures in Florida based on data collected under a legislative mandate. Our results indicate that physician ownership of health care businesses providing diagnostic testing or other ancillary services is common in Florida. While this conclusion is based on our comprehensive survey of health care businesses in Florida, it is at least indicative that such arrangements are likely to occur elsewhere. We find that at least 40% of Florida physicians involved in direct patient care have an investment interest in a health care business to which they may refer their patients for services; over 91% of the physician owners are concentrated in specialties that may refer patients for services. About 40% of the physician investors have a financial interest in diagnostic imaging centers. The estimates reported here indicate that the proportion of referring physicians involved in direct patient care who participate in joint ventures is much higher than previous estimates suggest. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:80-84)
Spontaneous Rupture of the Spleen in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: M. J. Flood, R. A. Carpenter
Journal: BMJ (1961)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA OURNAL35X-ray Examination of Hands.-Osteoporosis could be seen adjacent to several joints, and several joint erosions, con- sidered by the radiologists to be compatible with gout or rheumatoid arthritis.Screening of Chest.-Thisconfirmed isolated dextrocardia
Admissions to hospital caused by adverse drug reactions: cross sectional incidence study
Authors: P. Pouyanne
Journal: BMJ (2000)

for the French Pharmacovigilance Centres][3] Because of the variability of the results and a lack of representativeness, it is difficult to confidently extrapolate these results to a national level.To calculate the incidence of admissions caused by adverse drug reactions we conducted a prospective cross sectional study of a representative nationwide sample of medical wards in public hospitals.
Effect of budesonide transnasal nebulization in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Chengshuo Wang, Hongfei Lou, Xiangdong Wang, Yang Wang, Erzhong Fan, Ying Li, Hong Wang, Claus Bachert, Luo Zhang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)

There is little evidence on the efficacy of glucocorticoid transnasal nebulization therapy in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).We sought to evaluate the immunologic and remodeling effects of budesonide transnasal nebulization in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP.Sixty patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP were randomized to receive budesonide or placebo treatment for 14 days by means of transnasal nebulization in a double-blind manner. Endoscopic polyp size scores (maximum = 6 points, Kennedy score) and visual analog scale scores for nasal symptoms were assessed before and after treatment. Similarly, polyp samples were evaluated for inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) by using an immunoassay; collagen by using histochemistry; eosinophils by using hematoxylin and eosin stain; and T-cell subsets by using flow cytometry.Budesonide transnasal nebulization significantly reduced polyp size compared with placebo (mean difference between groups, -0.73 units; 95% CI, -1.15 to -0.32 units; P = .002) and improved symptoms. Polyp IL-5 and eotaxin expression decreased significantly, whereas TGF-β and IL-10 expression increased. Expression of IFN-γ and IL-17 was not altered. Budesonide transnasal nebulization consistently reduced eosinophil infiltration and TH2 cell frequency and increased natural regulatory T-cell and type 1 regulatory T-cell frequencies. Indices of remodeling, including albumin, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-9, were significantly decreased, whereas collagen deposition and TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-4 levels were significantly increased. Budesonide transnasal nebulization did not suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or cause any serious side effects.Short-term budesonide transnasal nebulization is an effective and safe treatment option in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP, achieving clinical improvement by regulating remodeling, cytokine expression, and T-cell subset distribution.
A retrospective study looking at the incidence of ‘stinger' injuries in professional rugby union players
Authors: M Cunnane, M Pratten, S Loughna
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Brachial plexus injuries commonly occur in athletes participating in contact sports. One such injury, commonly known as ‘stingers' or ‘burners' (US) because of the associated feeling that occurs in the affected upper limb, also results in paraesthesia, weakness and pain. A retrospective study was undertaken examining the incidences of ‘stinger' injuries in Premiership rugby union football players. Data was collected from 152 members of 1st team squads from 5 Premiership clubs via questionnaire designed to examine the frequency, symptoms, and effects of stinger injuries. 72% of players suffered from one or more stinger injury, and the range was from 0 to 20, over the course of the 2009–2010 season. The most common number of stingers was 0, and the average was 2.2 per player. The incidence of stingers was 2.5 times greater in the forwards (positions 1–8) than the backs (7–15), with the most commonly affected position being the 6–8 subgroup (the back row) which had an average of 4.4 stingers per season, the least was numbers 11 and 14 (wingers) suffering on average 0.7 per season. It appears that there is a correlation between the number of stingers sustained and the age of athlete, as well as the number of years playing professionally. The majority of injuries were reported when tackling (78%) and to a lesser extent when rucking (11%). The most commonly complained of symptoms were numbness, pain and reduction in range of movement. The majority (59%) of players reported no days with no/limited training off after the worst stinger in their memory. 95% of players who suffered from a stinger carried on playing without treatment or leaving the field. 75% of stinger injuries occurred during matches, with 4% during training, and 21% of players saying they occurred in both matches and training. In conclusion, stinger injuries do occur with a high frequency in rugby union, with forward positions being more at risk than others.
Biomechanics and treatment of acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint injuries
Authors: Nicholas A Bontempo, Augustus D Mazzocca
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries are more common than sternoclavicular (SC) joint injuries. There is a spectrum of AC joint traumatic injuries that ranges from a ligament sprain to a complete dislocation. The majority of AC joint injuries are successfully treated non-operatively with a period of sling immobilisation followed by progressive physical therapy and shoulder range of motion exercises. In patients who have symptomatic AC joint injuries that are recalcitrant to non-operative treatment there exists a variety of surgical treatment options to reconstruct and stabilise the joint. The SC joint, like the AC joint, can suffer a spectrum of ligamentous injuries; however, when it comes to dislocation it can only dislocate anteriorly or posteriorly. Anterior dislocations are often successfully treated with closed reduction. Posterior dislocations have significant clinical implications because of the proximity of surrounding vessels and nerves. Any attempt at reduction of a posterior dislocation requires the presence of a cardiothoracic surgeon. The majority of AC and SC joint injuries typically result in ligamentous sprain and heal uneventfully with a period of immobilisation. If, however, patients remain symptomatic after non-operative treatment or have a dislocated joint, there are reduction manoeuvres and surgical techniques that allow joint stabilisation.
Systemic mastocytosis associated with acute myeloid leukemia: case report and implications for disease pathogenesis
Authors: Luis Escribano, Andrés Garcı́a-Montero, Rosa Núñez-López, Javier López-Jiménez, Julia Almeida, Aranzazu Prados, Alberto Orfao
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Phagocytic activity of macrophages and polymorphs in inflammatory exudates studied by a 'skin window' technique in rheumatoid and control patients.
Authors: J D Jessop, B Vernon-Roberts, J Harris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Heberden Society 535 phalangeal index falls slightly with age (P > 0 1); this fall was pronounced in the spondylitics (P < 0 05).A group of 33 acromegalics studied in the same way were found to have phalangeal indices significantly lower than normal (P < 0 001).Factors influencing measures of slimness of the hand bones in a normal population include age, occupation, hand dominance, sex, and radiographic technique.It has become apparent that careful matching for such variables is essential in the study of diseased groups.Discussion DR. R. GRAHAME (London) I feel that one possible
Molecular Context of the<i>EGFR</i>Mutations: Evidence for the Activation of mTOR/S6K Signaling
Authors: Esther Conde, Barbara Angulo, Moying Tang, Manuel Morente, Juan Torres-Lanzas, Angel Lopez-Encuentra, Fernando Lopez-Rios, Montserrat Sanchez-Cespedes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Activating somatic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are present in a small subset of lung adenocarcinomas. These mutations cluster in specific regions and confer sensitivity to inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR. To further determine the genetic and molecular characteristics of tumors carrying EGFR gene mutations, we investigated the EGFR gene status in lung adenocarcinomas and evaluated its association with specific characteristics of the patients and tumors, such as mutations at KRAS and p53, EGFR and ErbB2 gene amplification, levels of EGFR and HER2 proteins, and levels of downstream effectors of EGFR, such as phospho–extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phospho-S6 proteins. Experimental Design: The mutational status of EGFR was determined by direct sequencing in 86 primary lung adenocarcinomas and 12 lung cancer cell lines, and was correlated with a number of variables relating to the tumor and patient. A tissue microarray containing 37 lung tumors was constructed to determine, by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, the number of copies of EGFR and ErbB2 genes and, by immunohistochemistry, the levels of EGFR, HER2, phospho-ERK, and phospho-S6 proteins. Results: EGFR gene mutations were identified in 13% of the primary tumors. The type and clustering of the mutations were identical to those previously reported. Amplification of the EGFR occurred in 14% of the tumors and could arise in tumors with EGFR mutations. Interestingly, mTOR activation, as measured indirectly by augmented levels of phospho-S6 protein, was more frequent in tumors with gene alterations in either EGFR or KRAS (P = 0.00005; Fisher's exact test) than in their wild-type counterparts. Conclusions: Our data agree with the accumulation of EGFR mutations in a subset of patients with lung cancer. Moreover, we report EGFR gene amplification in EGFR-mutant tumors and a positive correlation between EGFR or KRAS alterations and activation of mTOR signaling.
Transmission of Tuberculosis
Authors: Jeffrey L. Glassroth
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Pereira et al (235:942, 1976) describes a most interesting and unusual case of primary tuberculosis infection of the skin. The authors state that the patient remained in a "tuberculosis facility" because there were viable mycobacteria in the wound discharge. I suggest that continued hospitalization for isolation purposes was unnecessary in this case. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>is almost always transmitted by infected droplet nuclei.<sup>1</sup>Because purulent drainage cannot become airborne, this material does not require any special precautions beyond routine wound care and sterile dressing.<sup>2</sup>The fact that the wound discharge from the patient in question contained viable<i>M tuberculosis</i>did not mean that she presented a hazard of infection. Assuming that adequate treatment had been initiated, that there was no other problem requiring hospitalization, and that adequate outpatient facilities were available, this child could have received her care as an out-patient.
Comment on: Black et al. The Relative Contribution of Prepregnancy Overweight and Obesity, Gestational Weight Gain, and IADPSG-Defined Gestational Diabetes Mellitus to Fetal Overgrowth. Diabetes Care 2013;36:56–62
Authors: Harold David McIntyre, Patrick M. Catalano
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

We read with interest the article by Black et al. (1) and the associated commentary by Ryan (2) and wish to provide some comments. Firstly, calculations by Black et al. of population attributable fractions (PAFs) of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) babies attributable to overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are, as correctly noted, largely influenced by the high prevalence of obesity (28%) and overweight (32%) in their sample. By contrast, in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study (3), conducted in 15 centers worldwide, the prevalence of obesity (14%) and overweight (22%) was much lower. Therefore, in the global context, PAFs relating to maternal BMI would be substantially lower. The …
Determination of Mixed Venous Pco2 in Infants and Children
Authors: H. De V. Heese, C. Freeseman
Journal: BMJ (1964)

The Pco2 of mixed venous blood can be estimated by analysis of alveolar air after this has come into equilibrium with the mixed venous blood.Campbell and Howell (1960a) modified Collier's (1956) method, and described a simple rebreathing method for achieving this.Sykes (1960) adapted the technique for children and neonates.The application of the method has been reported in controlling ventilation in neonatal tetanus (Sykes, 1960; Smythe, 1963) and in cases of the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn managed with intermittentpositive-pressure respiration (Heese and Wittmann, 1962 Heese et al., 1963).No reports have been published of assessment of the method in infants and children by comparing the mixed venous Pco, estimated by the rebreathing technique with the blood Pco2.The object of the present investigation was (a) to check the suitability of the method in apnoeic neonates and children, and(b) to compare values of the mixed venous Pco, determined by the rebreathing method with the blood Pco2 in these subjects. Material and MethodsObservations were made of five neonates suffering from the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, five neonates suffering from tetanus, and five children aged 3-9 years suffering from tetanus.All these patients were being treated at the time of investigation by total paralysis and intermittent- positive-pressure respiration via a tracheotomy. Determination of Mixed Venous PCo2Full and comprehensive descriptions of the rebreathing method for the assessment of the mixed venous Pco2 are avail- able (Campbell and Howell, 1960a, 1962 ; Sykes, 1960).The bag size, the frequency of intermittent positive breathing, the time intervals, and a comparison with values given by Sykes (1960) are shown in Table I for: (1) the preparation of the CO, TABLE I.-Preparation of CO, Mixture and Equilibration Periods.Com- parison Between the Technique Employed in Present Series and That of Sykes (1960) Bag Fre-Prepara-Equilibration
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation presenting as in-flight systemic air embolisation
Authors: E. Belcher, M. H. Lawson, A. G. Nicholson, A. Davison, P. Goldstraw
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAMs) are rarely diagnosed in adulthood. The present case study reports a case of a CCAM presenting as a cerebral air embolus during an international flight. In the present case, supportive therapy resulted in a full recovery. The patient later underwent elective excision of the pulmonary malformation. Since the overall mortality of in-flight cerebral air embolisation is high, patients with such asymptomatic cysts should be considered for elective surgery.
VACATIONS AND DIARRHEA
Authors: Stefan Ansbacher
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, August 16, 1952, page 1475, vacations and diarrhea are editorially discussed. Reference was made to water supplies and sewage disposal systems that may become inadequate with the seasonal overloads. May I call your attention to another possibility that would seem to justify the collection of statistically significant data? Minor diarrheal disorders may be caused by the ingestion of drinking water that is usually well tolerated by the local population. However, the visitor may be affected because of the particular type of purification method employed at the resort place or by some other active agent that is not inherent in the drinking water of his home town.
No chromosome arm unturned: in memory of Roland Berger 1934–2012
Authors: C J Harrison, J D Rowley, H Van den Berghe, A Bernheim, M Martineau, M Gautier, M Le Coniat-Busson, S Romana, N Dastugue, A Hagemeijer, P Jonveaux, F Nguyen-Khac, O A Bernard
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Prophylactic Chelation Therapy for Lead Exposure
Authors: John F. Finklea
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Regrettably, workers exposed or potentially exposed to lead, including those with elevated blood lead levels, are still treated prophylactically on an outpatient basis with chelating agents, eg, edetate disodium calcium or penicillamine. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the American Occupational Medical Association strongly oppose this practice. Prophylactic treatment of workers with chelating agents or penicillamine, while failing to control the source of lead exposure, in effect, places workers in double jeopardy by virtue of the potentially harmful effects of such long-term drug therapy—particularly on the kidneys—combined with continued excess exposure to lead, a known renal toxin. In a recent report presented at an International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment held in Toronto, Oct 27 through 31, 1975, Ruth Lilis, MD, and Alf Fischbein, MD, critically reviewed the subject of chelation therapy among workers exposed to lead. They concluded that chelation
The Changing Outlook for the Hypertensive. John Phillips Memorial Lecture.
Authors: I. H. Page
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Changing Outlook for the Hypertensive. John Phillips Memorial Lecture.I. H. Page, M.D., F.A.C.P.I. H. Page, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-670_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe past 12 years have seen revolutionary changes in knowledge of arterial hypertension. These have occurred chiefly in three areas: first, recognition of the nature of hypertensive diseases as part of a group of diseases that might be called "diseases of regulation" in which the disease results from the inherited response of the body to its environment; second, recognition of the varied neural and chemical controls of arterial pressure and tissue perfusion; and finally, demonstration that some forms of hypertension are reversible by use of both antihypertensive drugs and correction of disturbances in blood flow.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: I. H. Page, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Cleveland, Ohio. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 670-670KeywordsBlood flowBlood pressureDrug regulationDrugsHypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...