tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulating thrombomodulin as a novel endothelial cell marker: Comparison of its behavior with von willebrand factor and tissue‐type plasminogen activator
Authors: Hoyu Takahashi, Seiki Ito, Masaharu Hanano, Ken Wada, Hiroe Niwano, Yoshinobu Seki, Akira Shibata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract Circulating thrombomodulin is a novel endothelial cell marker, which may reflect the endothelial injury. Plasma levels of thrombomodulin were quantitated by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with hematological malignancies, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, collagen disease, thrombotic disease, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and the thrombomodulin values were compared with those of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) and tissue‐type plasminogen activator (t‐PA) which are released from stimulated or damaged endothelial cells. The mean plasma concentrations of thrombomodulin in these disease states were elevated as compared with healthy subjects. A relatively high mean thrombomodulin level was observed in DIC, liver disease, and collagen disease. Abnormally high thrombomodulin values (&gt; normal mean value + 3 SD) were found in 32.3% of patients with hematological malignancies, 57.7% of patients with liver disease, 39.3% of patients with diabetes mellitus, 30.0% of patients with collagen disease, 23.1% of patients with thrombotic disease, and 69.0% of patients with DIC. Plasma concentrations of both vWf:Ag and t‐PA were also elevated in these patients. On the whole, the plasma thrombomodulin concentration was positively correlated with vWf:Ag (r = 0.441, P &lt; 0.001) and t‐PA (r = 0.398, P &lt; 0.001). These findings indicate that the elevation of plasma thrombomodulin is frequently seen in a variety of diseases and circulating thrombomodulin is possibly useful for evaluating the endothelial damage in selected disease states. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SAT0561 High Levels of Disease Activity and Psychological Distress Predict Sick Leave in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Starting Treatment with Methotrexate.
Authors: S. Leggett, K. Hyrich, J. Anderson, S. Verstappen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known to have adverse consequences on those undertaking paid employment. Little is known about the association between psychological factors and these work related outcomes. <h3>Objectives</h3> To establish whether demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics predict sick leave in the first 6 months following start of methotrexate (MTX) in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> The Rheumatoid Arthritis Medication Study (RAMS) is a national, UK multi-centre observational study studying response to MTX in RA. Demographic and clinical data (including HAQ and DAS28) are collected at baseline (start of treatment) and 6 months after starting MTX along with measurements of pain and fatigue (VAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), working status and job type. At 6 months, patients in paid employment were asked to provide sick leave data due to arthritis for the previous 6 months. This analysis included patients who had completed a minimum of 6 months of follow-up by December 2012. Univariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the association between baseline characteristics and whether patients took subsequent sick leave or not. <h3>Results</h3> Data on working status at baseline and 6 months was available for 294 RA patients (66% female; mean age 59 (SD 12.9) years). Median symptom duration at start of MTX was 9 months [IQR 5-33]. At baseline, 45% patients were in paid employment (43.5% retired, 5.1% work disabled or retired early due to RA, 3.1% working full time from home, 1.3% unemployed and 2% 'other'). At 6 months, data on sick leave were available for 128 (97%) patients in paid-employment, with 26% reporting at least one period of sick leave and 18% requiring a change to their working environment. The median number of sick days at 6 months was 10 [IQR 1-186]. Higher baseline measures of disability, pain, fatigue, psychological distress and most dimensions of the IPQ were found to be significant predictors of sick leave during the first 6 months after starting MTX (Table). EULAR non-responders were more likely to report sick leave compared to EULAR good responders (OR 3.0, 95%CI 1.10 to 8.34). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Over one-quarter of patients reported a period of time off work for their RA following commencement of MTX, with the findings of this study suggesting that psychological factors play an important role in predicting future sick leave. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Better procurement can save the NHS in England 1.5bn over three years, says report
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Department of Health has told hospitals in England that they must save £1.5bn (€1.7bn; $2.3bn) over the next three years through better procurement of goods and services by learning from and working with other hospitals to reduce the prices they pay.

The NHS spends more than £20bn a year on goods and services, and hospitals around 30% of their operating costs. In 2011 a report by the National Audit Office estimated that £500m could be saved through better procurement.1

However, the Department of Health said that rather than falling, spending on procurement had been growing, and it believed that the NHS could save even more than the National Audit Office estimate—effectively £1.5bn by freezing non-pay spending over the next three years.

The department’s new procurement strategy,2 published on 5 August, said, “It is disappointing that non-pay expenditure in trusts …
THE ALLOXUR BODIES AND THEIR ESTIMATION.
Authors: H. RICHARDSON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The alloxur bases have recently excited considerable interest among pathologists, partly on account of the difficulties of their direct estimation, but principally from the failure of exact analysis to confirm the "uric acid diathesis" theory. The latter theory dates from Garrod's discovery of an excess of uric acid in the blood in true gout, to culminate in Haig's teachings, who sees no difference between true gout, articular rheumatism, epilepsy, the "rut" of the springtime, religious excess and masturbation. He bases his theories on the formation of uric acid in the kidney, in a proportion of 1 to 33 of urea, when, owing to not very clearly defined conditions, a portion of the uric acid fails to be eliminated and is carried into the general circulation, to be deposited in the system, causing all sorts of ills when it is brought again into the circulation. Horbacewski has proved that uric acid
The Impact of New Cloning Techniques on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases
Authors: N. Cary Engleberg, Barry I. Eisenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

THE techniques of DNA and antibody cloning developed during the past decade are now being used successfully to solve a variety of clinical problems. Within the field of infectious diseases, practitioners can expect improved diagnostic tests and new therapeutic and preventive interventions. These advances in clinical methods are possible because defined macromolecules with specified functions can be constructed or isolated by cloning. In conceptual terms, cloning involves the separation and independent propagation of a specific element from a population of similar elements. In the case of gene cloning, a particular sequence of DNA is separated and propagated independently from an . . .
Points from Letters: Acquired Resistance of Tumours
Authors: J. Braham
Journal: BMJ (1966)

that thoughtless minority who are out to claim all they can without concern for their doctor's discomfiture.Rather than embark on propaganda designed to prevent abuse of a tottering ser- vice I look forward to the day when a more positive approach becomes evident-namely, providing the general practitioner with the proper premises and facilities so badly needed to cope adequately with the sort of medicine required of him in this modern age.If distributing leaflets is the best that can be done I hope the planners find other means of so doing rather than through us.-Iam, etc., Resolven, Glam.
Current cancer concepts. Therapeutic vs prophylactic castration
Authors: E. F. Lewison
Journal: JAMA (1967)

During the past 75 years the rival merits of prophylactic vs therapeutic castration have been vigorously championed more or less empirically by many clinicians concerned with the total treatment of breast cancer. In premenopausal patients with operable breast cancer, is it wiser to perform prophylactic castration as an adjunct to mastectomy or is it wiser to reserve this procedure for the palliative treatment of recurrent or metastatic disease? This is, indeed, the doctor's dilemma! As long as the practice of medicine continues to be a "science of uncertainty and an art of probability" then the patient's "destiny trembles in the balance, and the preponderance of either scale is by our own choice." <h3>Therapeutic Castration.—</h3> It is quite obvious that ovarian hormones have a profound effect on hormonesensitive cancers of the breast. The remarkable clinical response of some tumors of the breast to therapeutic castration certainly confirms this concept. This beneficial
Whole Blood Volume Determined by Radiochromium-Tagged Red Cells
Authors: WILLIAM A. REILLY, RICHARD M. FRENCH, FRANCIS Y. K. LAU, KENNETH G. SCOTT, WILLIAM E. WHITE
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Whole blood volume can be measured quite accurately by the use of radiochromium. The amount of radiation is very low; the radiochromium stays fixed in red blood cells for many hours and does not leave the circulation as may happen when plasma tags are employed. Hypervolemia was found in the majority of patients with right ventricular failure but not in those with left ventricular failure or mitral stenosis alone.
Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: M. Jeffrey Maisels, Antony F. McDonagh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A newborn male infant is brought to the pediatrician's office with pronounced jaundice and a total serum bilirubin level of 19.5 mg per deciliter. Phototherapy is considered. In term and late-preterm infants, phototherapy is typically used according to guidelines that take into account the total serum bilirubin level, gestational age, postpartum age, and the presence or absence of specific risk factors.
Lancet calls for tobacco to be made illegal
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Lancet called on Tony Blair's government last week to make tobacco an illegal substance, but it attracted little support to its cause (2003;362: 1865).

The unsigned editorial first discussed the question of banning smoking in public places. It pointed out that the government had been condemned, in a letter to the Times (25 Nov, p 19) by the leaders of the 18 royal colleges, for not introducing such a …
HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease: inhibition of DNA polymerase activity by vidarabine.
Authors: R G Chadwick, M F Bassendine, E M Crawford, H C Thomas, S Sherlock
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Four patients who had chronic liver disease and were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were treated with vidarabine, a synthetic purine nucleoside that inhibits DNA polymerase activity in vitro and in vivo. Before treatment all had raised serum DNA polymerase concentrations. Three also had hepatitis B e (HBe) and were shown by electron microscopy to have hepatitis B virus (Dane) particles in their serum. In all patients 10 days' treatment with vidarabine resulted in an immediate loss of DNA polymerase activity. In three patients the activity returned when treatment was stopped. In those three patients Dane particles and HBe antigen persisted during and after treatment; in the fourth patient, who remained negative for DNA polymerase, HBsAg titres fell. Although vidarabine inhibited virus replication, virus particles did not disappear from the blood in these patients, presumably because the particles were cleared only slowly. Similar results with interferon suggest that the virus disappears, and HBsAg titres fall, some weeks after the fall in DNA polymerase activity. Continued treatment may therefore have a sustained effect on viral replication. Whether vidarabine can permanently clear HBsAg and so arrest chronic liver disease remains to be seen, but at the very least it could reduce the spread of infection.
Congress of Leprologists.
Authors: Albert S. Ashmead
Journal: JAMA (1896)

New York, Aug. 4, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It has seemed desirable to publish all over the world the fact that the government of Norway will next year probably convoke a congress of leprologists, and delegates from all civilized countries, especially from those which, by the suffering of their own people, are especially interested in the question of leprosy. Hansen, the discoverer of the bacillus, suggested that this congress should be held at Bergen, Norway, and out of compliment to him we suppose that there will be no opposition to this proposition. Dr. Goldschmidt, a Paris physician who has practiced among lepers during twenty-six years in Madeira, has originated the scheme. You will find inclosed my correspondence with this eminent leprologist which I hereby authorize you to publish. The American, Mexican, Japanese and Chinese governments, also all the Republics of South America, who are evidently and considerably interested in the
Respiratory gas exchange using a triaxial alveolar gas diagram.
Authors: J F Fuster, T Pages, L Palacios
Journal: Thorax (1993)

A triaxial alveolar gas diagram to depict fractional concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen is described, in which the R = 1 line is always implicit. Although it is not claimed that this representation leads to new insights into respiratory physiology, a method of plotting on a triaxial coordinate system has been found to be well suited to many applications when a direct display of fractional nitrogen concentration is required.
Charles A. Janeway — A Man of Vision
Authors: Robert J. Haggerty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

In this issue of the Journal, Professor Janeway's 15th Annual Family Health Lecture on family medicine serves as a stimulus to mark his retirement after 28 years as the Thomas Morgan Rotch Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard and chief of medicine at Children's Hospital in Boston. If one word could sum up his remarkable career, it might be vision, for he has had the ability to see the future more clearly than most. His views of family medicine are characteristic of this view of the future.Trained for internal medicine, a fifth generation of distinguished physicians, he initially aimed . . .
Altered cytokine profiles in children with indeterminate quantiferon results and common infections
Authors: Mohamed Jeljeli, Valérie Guérin-El Khourouj, Agathe de Lauzanne, Marine Armand, Vibol Chhor, Béatrice Pédron, Stéphane Dauger, Jérôme Viala, Pierre Gressens, Albert Faye, Ghislaine Sterkers
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
Greatly Enlarged Thickened Gallbladder
Authors: Stéphanie Truant, Charbel Chater, François-René Pruvot
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Useful Bodies: Humans in the Service of Medical Science in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Boleslav L Lichterman
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Useful Bodies is the result of a workshop on human experimentation held at the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine in London in September 1998. Its focus is not so much on experimentation itself as on the nature and degree of the involvement of the state. In the introductory chapter the editors suggest a rough periodisation of such involvement: pre-state (before 1930s), state (1930s to 1960s), and post-state (since the 1960s). The key concept is usefulness—of the human body to the needs of the modern state. Eds Jordan Goodman, Anthony McElligott, Lara Marks Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003, £31, pp 217 ISBN 0801873428 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> The book avoids the topic of medical experimentation in Nazi Germany. It focuses instead on cases of non-therapeutic experimentation in the “civilised” democratic societies … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway wall remodelling induced by exposure to allergen for 9 weeks
Authors: Z.‐H. Cui
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Prolonged exposure to allergen has been proposed to be important for the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway remodelling in asthma. The present study was designed to examine the effect of chronic allergen exposure on bronchial responsiveness, eosinophil infiltration, and airway remodelling. We sensitized brown Norway rats with the occupational allergen trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and exposed the animals to TMA conjugated to rat serum albumin (TMA-RSA) on 5 consecutive days each week for 9 weeks, starting 4 weeks after sensitization. IgE and IgG anti-TMA antibodies in serum and bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine were evaluated before and at weeks 3, 6, and 9 of allergen exposure. Thickness of the airway wall, airway luminal narrowing, and the number of goblet cells and eosinophils in the airway wall were evaluated with an image analysis system in lungs resected after the last assessment of bronchial responsiveness, at the end of the 9-week allergen exposure. All rats developed IgE and IgG anti-TMA antibodies after sensitization. The levels of antibodies increased with allergen exposure until week 6, and then declined. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine was induced in allergen-exposed rats without ongoing airway eosinophilia. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness induced by chronic allergen exposure via inhalation was accompanied by significantly increased thickness of smooth muscle and airway narrowing in the small airways, and goblet cell hyperplasia in the large airways. We conclude that chronic exposure to allergen can induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway wall remodelling. Airway wall remodelling may contribute to bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Risk Factors Linked to Tumor Recurrence of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatic Resection
Authors: Shyh-Chuan Jwo, Jen-Hwey Chiu, Gar-Yang Chau, Che-Chuan Loong, Wing-Yu Lui
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

A total of 238 patients who received curative hepatic resections during the last 10 yr were observed to search for the risk factors linked to early tumor recurrence of human hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. The results revealed that tumor size, tumor appearance and DNA ploidy were the factors in predicting tumor recurrence after resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with a tumor size less than or equal to 5 cm or a tumor appearance of the solitary type had better disease–free survival than did those with a tumor size greater than 5 cm or a tumor appearance of multiple/daughter nodule types (p &lt; 0.05). Although patients with pattern III (aneuploid with ≥ 2 G0/G1 peaks) hepatoma had fewer statistically significant differences (p = 019) than did those with pattern I (diploid) or pattern II (aneuploid with single G0/G1 peak) tumors in predicting tumor recurrence, they did have poorer results in terms of the overall survival rate (p &lt; 0.05). We conclude that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma having the aforementioned risk factors should be observed closely.
Indomethacin, Aspirin, and Urticaria
Authors: Joseph I. Matthews, David Stage
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 June 1974Indomethacin, Aspirin, and UrticariaJOSEPH I. MATTHEWS, DAVID STAGEJOSEPH I. MATTHEWSSearch for more papers by this author, DAVID STAGESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-6-771_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Aspirin and indomethacin are nonsteroidal, chemically dissimilar compounds that share several common properties. Both are anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipruritic agents of therapeutic value in several rheumatic diseases. Both may cause similar side effects because of gastrointestinal or central nervous system toxicity. The ingestion of aspirin may result in the exacerbation of preexisting asthma in susceptible patients (1, 2). Some cross-reactivity apparently exists, in that indomethacin may also induce asthma in patients with similar sensitivity to aspirin. Aspirin commonly (3) and indomethacin rarely (4) have been associated with the development of urticarial reactions. To our knowledge, however, there...References1. VANSELOWSMITH NJ: Bronchial asthma induced by indomethacin. Ann Intern Med 66:568-572, 1967 LinkGoogle Scholar2. SAMTERBEERS MR: Intolerance to aspirin. Clinical studies and consideration of its pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med 68:975-983, 1968 LinkGoogle Scholar3. CHAMPIONROBERTSCARPENTER RSR: Urticaria and angio-oedema. A review of 554 patients. Br J Dermatol 81:588-597, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KATZPEARSONKENNEDY ACJ: A clinical trial of indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 6:25-30, 1965 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. VANE J: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nature [New Biol] 231:232-235, 1971 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSEPH I. MATTHEWS; DAVID STAGEAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNSAIDs in Dermatologic Therapy: Review and PreviewNon-steroidal and Analgesic Therapy in the ElderlyAnalgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory DrugsAspirin and the SalicylatesEvaluation of the Toxicity of Anti-Inflammatory DrugsAspirin Sensitivity: Other DrugsRYSZARD J. GRYGLEWSKI, M.D., A. SZCZEKLIK, M.D., G. CZERNIAWSKA-MYSIK, M.D. 1 June 1974Volume 80, Issue 6Page: 771-771KeywordsAnalgesicsAspirinAsthmaCentral nervous systemIngestionNSAIDsToxicityUrticaria ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...