tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in Umbilical-Cord Blood Oxygen Affinity after Intrauterine Transfusions for Erythroblastosis
Authors: Miles J. Novy, Frederic D. Frigoletto, Charles L. Easterday, Irving Umansky, Nicholas M. Nelson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract The oxygen affinity of umbilical-cord blood was measured in 15 infants who received intrauterine transfusions (IUT) of adult blood for severe erythroblastosis fetalis (EF), seven infants with EF and various degrees of anemia who did not receive IUT, and nine infants unaffected by EF. Adult erythrocytes retained their characteristic oxygen-binding properties after a prolonged residence: 56 ± 21 days (mean ±S.D.) in the fetus. Infants who received 2 to 4 IUT had a mean P50 (half-saturation oxygen tension at pH 7.40) of 27.1 mm of mercury. Erythroblastotic infants without IUT and normal infants had a P50 of 20.8 mm of mercury. A significant correlation was observed between the oxygen affinity of blood and the percentage of fetal hemoglobin. A negative regression of P50 on total hemoglobin concentration was seen in infants with IUT but not in the others. Infants who received IUT had increased concentrations of red-cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG). Normal fetal growth and lack of acidosis at birt...
Science, medicine, and the future: Single gene disorders or complex traits: lessons from the thalassaemias and other monogenic diseases
Authors: D. J Weatherall
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Based on a presentation from the Millennium Festival of Medicine 

As a result of the revolution in the biological sciences following the development of recombinant DNA technology and the sequencing of most of the human genome, the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of human disease now dominates biomedical research. There is every sign that the rapidly evolving technology of the post genome era will unravel the function of the human genome and explain how the 50 000 to 100 000 genes interact with one another and the environment to make us what we are.

The central question for the medical sciences is the extent to which it will be possible to relate events at the molecular level with the clinical findings or phenotypes of patients with particular diseases. This problem will permeate every aspect of medical research and practice in the future. It will dominate predictive genetics and genetic counselling. It will also be of major importance for clinical decision making as new and novel approaches to the treatment of disease become available, particularly those involving genetic manipulation. Further exploration of the genome may also provide information on some of the common killers of Western society, such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and psychiatric disease, leading to a new form of pharmacology in which drugs are tailored to an individual's genetic make up. Even more important, and certainly more complex, will be relating genotype to phenotype. Many of our most important diseases almost certainly reflect varying susceptibility, due to the action of many different genes and a wide variety of environmental factors and to the ill understood biology of ageing.

Is there any way of guessing the likely levels of complexity that will be encountered as the genetic basis of disease is explored with the new technology? Theoretically, monogenic …
Biomarker Testing for Breast, Lung, and Gastroesophageal Cancers at NCI Designated Cancer Centers
Authors: Julian C Schink, Julia R Trosman, Christine B Weldon, Kalliopi P Siziopikou, Gregory J Tsongalis, Alfred W Rademaker, Jyoti D Patel, Al B Benson, Edith A Perez, William J Gradishar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundMolecular biomarkers, a cornerstone of precision oncology, are critical in breast, gastroesophageal, and non–small cell lung cancer management (BC, GEC, NSCLC). Testing practices are intensely debated, impacting diagnostic quality and affecting pathologists, oncologists and patients. However, little is known about testing approaches used in practice. Our study described biomarker practices in BC, GEC, and NSCLC at the leading US cancer centers.
Is the NHS three times better than in 1979?
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Background:</b> Previous studies have found the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (<i>APOE</i> e4) is associated with an unfavourable outcome after head injury, but this has not been related to specific pathological features. <b>Objectives:</b> This study tested the postulate that head injured patients with <i>APOE</i> e4, amounting to approximately a third of the population, are selectively predisposed to one or more of the different pathological features that constitute the response to traumatic brain injury (TBI), and that this underlies the association of <i>APOE</i> e4 with poor clinical outcome. <b>Methods:</b> Included in the study were 239 fatal cases of TBI (1987–1999) for which <i>APOE</i> genotypes were determined from archival tissue. For each case, specific pathological features of trauma were recorded by researchers blinded to the <i>APOE</i> e4 status. Of the 239 cases examined, 83 (35%) were <i>APOE</i> e4 carriers and 156 (65%) were non-carriers. <b>Results:</b> Possession of <i>APOE</i> e4 was associated with a greater incidence of moderate or severe contusions (42% <i>v</i> 30% for carriers versus e4 non-carriers; p = 0.05) and there was a trend towards a greater incidence of severe ischaemic brain damage (54% <i>v</i> 42%; p = 0.08). Significant differences were not noted between the other pathological features examined. <b>Conclusions:</b> Possession of <i>APOE</i> e4 is associated with a greater incidence of moderate/severe contusional injury and severe ischaemic brain damage in fatal cases of TBI. This may be relevant to the relatively poor outcome from traumatic brain injury in patients with <i>APOE</i> e4 identified in clinical studies.
THE MEDICO-LEGAL EXAMINATION OF THE RED STAINS FOUND ON THE CLOTHES OF CHARLES FORD, WITH A PLEA FOR THE USE OF THE CAMERA LUCIDA IN THE MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF BLOOD STAINS.
Authors: E. R. AXTELL
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The following is the newspaper account of the tragedy which made my services necessary to the district attorney. It is taken from the<i>Denver Republican</i>of Sept. 16, 1894: "In a dingy brick shack, where scarcely a ray of sunlight ever warms the interior, the dead body of Sadie Smith, a woman about 45 years of age, was found yesterday afternoon about 1:45 o'clock. All the evidences of foul play were upon the body, and little room for doubt remains that the unfortunate woman was the victim of a foul and atrocious murder. "The murdered woman had been living for nearly two years with a colored man named Charles Ford. They had occupied three rooms in the little brick building in the rear of 1435 12th Street since they became acquainted. Their lives since then have, it is said, been an almost continual round of quarrels and some of the
Assessment of the Techniques of Stapes Surgery
Authors: Samuel Rosen
Journal: JAMA (1961)

There are many different procedures for surgical operation on the stapes in the treatment of otosclerotic deafness. Each is capable of restoring the patient's hearing completely, but the procedures differ in the degree of risk involved. From experience with more than 5,000 stapes operations, the author concludes that no single technique guarantees complete success, and none is guaranteed against some failures. Total stapedectomy, when necessary, has been very effective, but it carries the greatest risk of irremediable cochlear damage and even total deafness. The author therefore believes that the proper order in choosing techniques for stapes surgery is to begin with mobilization and end with stapedectomy.
Genomic organization of the mouse pore-forming protein (perforin) gene and localization to chromosome 10. Similarities to and differences from C9.
Authors: J A Trapani, B S Kwon, C A Kozak, C Chintamaneni, J D Young, B Dupont
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Genomic clones encompassing the entire coding region of the mouse lymphocyte pore-forming protein gene (Pfp) have been isolated and used to determine its intron-exon organization. In contrast to C9, Pfp has a simple structure, consisting of only three exons (two of which encode polypeptide), a large 5' intron, and a single, smaller intron that is situated approximately one-third of the way through the protein-coding portions of the gene. The regions encoding the homologous domains of PFP and C9 are encoded on exons 7, 8, 9, and 10 of C9, but form only approximately half of the open reading frame of exon III in Pfp. Although encoding polypeptides with related functions, the two genes possess such sharply contrasting structures as to suggest that their analogous regions may have risen independently, by a process of convergent evolution. Using a panel of somatic cell hybrid cell lines, Pfp has been mapped to chromosome 10.
Renal Involvement First Diagnosed by Radionuclide Bone Imaging in a Patient with Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Authors: MARC C. FLEMMING, IAN B. TYSON, LUIS E. TENORIO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Lymphocytic lymphoma, a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is a malignancy of the lymphoreticular tissue. It usually presents with local or generalized lymphadenopathy with or without hepatosplenomegaly, but may also involve the skin, gastrointestinal tract, lung, central nervous system, kidneys, and bone marrow. In this case, radionuclide bone imaging demonstrates renal and bone involvement. Renal images should be carefully evaluated in bone imaging in patients with lymphoma.
The Hunterian Oration ON THE OBJECTS OF HUNTER'S LIFE, AND THE MANNER IN WHICH HE ACCOMPLISHED THEM: Delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons of England
Authors: H. T. Butlin
Journal: BMJ (1907)

HlumAN beings may fairly be divided into three classes in their relation to the affairs of this world.First are they who see that a thing is wrong; they are very numerous, especially in their relation to politics, and.their opinion is, in these days, frequently referred to as the opinion of "the man in the street."Next are they who see how what is wrong should be put right.They are not so numerous as those of the first class, and for one who sees clearly, there are at least many hundreds who only dimly see.And, of those who see clearly, few are capable of putting the wrong thing right.Few of them, indeed, have the inclination to do so, and, of those few, still fewer are capable of doing so; they are for the most part talkers, not workers.And, third, are they who set to work dilligently and with determination, to correct the wrong.They are not necessarily the persons who first discereed the wrong, or who saw clearly the means by which the wpong might be corrected.Sometimes, indeed, they are
Points: Women police surgeons for rape victims
Authors: S. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1986)

August, p 395) make an important point which deserves highlighting.Fracture dislocation of the cervical spine complicating near drowning is a rare event in Britain but is seen more commonly in Australia, where body surfing is a popular sport.The advice given to rescuers in Britain is that any unconscious patient found in standing depth water should be handled as though he or she had suffered fracture dislocation of the neck.It is possible on occasions to ventilate adequately without extending the neck, but if this is not the case then the rescuer has no alternative but to tilt the head back.
Infra-His Bundle Origin of Bidirectional Tachycardia
Authors: STAFFORD I. COHEN, ALBERT DEISSEROTH, HARVEY S. HECHT
Journal: Circulation (1973)

A case of bidirectional tachycardia is presented in a patient with cardiomyopathy, pulmonary emboli, and digitalis toxicity. The arrhythmia has usually been considered ventricular in origin. A supraventricular origin has also been suggested. Simultaneous recordings of standard electrocardiographic leads and His bundle potentials demonstrated that the abnormal rhythm originated in the left ventricle and indeed was a bidirectional ventricular tachycardia. Enhanced phase 4 depolarization in the divisions of the left bundle branch is advanced as a theoretic underlying mechanism in some instances of this arrhythmia.
Health Care Overutilization in the United States
Authors: Charles A. Pilcher
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cynthia's Dilemma: Consenting to Heroin Prescription
Authors: Louis C. Charland
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2002)

Heroin prescription involves the medical provision of heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction. Rudimentary clinical trials on that treatment modality have been carried out and others are currently underway or in development. However, it is questionable whether subjects considered for such trials are mentally competent to consent to them. The problem has not been sufficiently appreciated in ethical and clinical discussions of the topic. The challenges involved throw new light on the role of value and accountability in contemporary discussions of mental competence.
The Challenges of Recognizing Child Abuse
Authors: John M. Leventhal
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High Expression of Folate Receptor Alpha in Lung Cancer Correlates with Adenocarcinoma Histology and Mutation
Authors: Maria Ines Nunez, Carmen Behrens, Denise M. Woods, Heather Lin, Milind Suraokar, Humam Kadara, Wayne Hofstetter, Neda Kalhor, J. Jack Lee, Wilbur Franklin, David J. Stewart, Ignacio I. Wistuba, MD
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Beeinflussen Laparoskopie und Leberbiopsie den Ablauf von Lebererkrankungen?
Authors: H. Selmair, H. Ortmans
Journal: Endoscopy (1971)

In order to test, whether chronic hepatic diseases might be deteriorated by bioptic examinations, transaminase activities were examined before and soon after liver biopsy in 350 patients. In healthy persons and persons with minor histological changes in the liver a slight or moderate, but only transient increase of GOT and GPT activities was observed after liver biopsy. No significant increase of transaminase activities was observed in those patients, who exhibited already increased activities before liver biopsy (patients with chronic hepatitis, chronic cholangitis, cirrhosis and fatty liver).
Effect of Statins on Risk of Coronary Disease
Authors: John C. LaRosa, Jiang He, Suma Vupputuri
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is known to reduce risk of recurrent coronary heart disease in middle-aged men. However, this effect has been uncertain in elderly people and women.To estimate the risk reduction of coronary heart disease and total mortality associated with statin drug treatment, particularly in elderly individuals and women.Trials published in English-language journals were retrieved by searching MEDLINE (1966-December 1998), bibliographies, and authors' reference files.Studies in which participants were randomized to statin or control treatment for at least 4 years and clinical disease or death was the primary outcome were included in the meta-analysis (5 of 182 initially identified).Information on sample size, study drug duration, type and dosage of statin drug, participant characteristics at baseline, reduction in lipids during intervention, and outcomes was abstracted independently by 2 authors (J.H. and S.V.) using a standardized protocol. Disagreements were resolved by consensus.Data from the 5 trials, with 30 817 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. The mean duration of treatment was 5.4 years. Stati n drug treatment was associated with a20% reduction in total cholesterol, 28% reduction in LDL-C, 13% reduction in triglycerides, and 5% increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Overall, statin drug treatment reduced risk 31 % in major coronary events (95% confidence interval [CI], 26%-36%) and 21 % in all-cause mortality (95% CI, 14%-28%). The risk reduction in major coronary events was similar between women (29%; 95% Cl, 13 %-42 %) and men (31 %; 95% CI, 26%-35%), and between persons aged at least 65 years (32%; 95% CI, 23%-39%) and persons younger than 65 years (31 %; 95% CI, 24%-36%).Our meta-analysis indicates that reduction in LDL-C associated with statin drug treatment decreases the risk of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality. The risk reduction was similar for men and women and for elderly and middle-aged persons.
The Indications, Utilization and Safety of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Extremely Elderly Patient Cohort
Authors: G. A. Clarke, B. C. Jacobson, R. J. Hammett, D. L. Carr-Locke
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

In developed nations, increasing proportions of the population now reach advanced age. Physicians may be reluctant to refer such patients for non-critical diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, on the basis of perceived diminution of tolerance, safety and substantive benefits in these patients. We aimed to review the utility and safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy in an extremely elderly cohort.The study involved 214 consecutive participants aged 85 years or more, between 1995 and 1997. They were identified using a prospective database linked to the endoscopy reporting system. Procedure type, indication, use of sedation, complications, and outcomes were evaluated.The median age was 87 (85-94, sigma = 2). The female:male ratio was 3:2; 185 had undergone one procedure and 29 two or more; and 65% of procedures were performed on an outpatient basis. Of the inpatient procedures, 10% of all procedures were performed emergently, predominantly for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Midazolam was administered to 129 patients (60%), at a median dose of 2 mg (range 1-11); of these, 75 (35%) also received a median dose of 25 microg fentanyl (range 12.5-125). Colonoscopy (n = 95) was the most frequently performed procedure, followed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (n = 64) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (n = 21). There was no procedure-related mortality. The incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis was 5%, colonic perforation 1%, and cardiopulmonary complications in sedated patients, 0.6%. The majority underwent procedures which related to active management of ongoing medical problems, and procedures were performed for palliative indications in only 15 (7%) patients.Gastrointestinal endoscopy is extremely safe and well tolerated in extremely elderly patients. Age alone should not influence decisions relating to its utilization.
Cep63 Recruits Cdk1 to the Centrosome—Letter
Authors: Mohammad Alsara, Harald Löffler, Anne Fechter, Jiri Bartek, Alwin Krämer
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

In 2011, we published a characterization of the phenotypes of Cep63 downregulation and overexpression in human cells in Cancer Research ([1][1]). Recently, it was shown that several antibodies commonly used to detect Cdk1 cross-react with Cep152 ([2][2]). In our article, we used one of these
Mucoid Impaction of the Bronchus
Authors: Sidney S. Braman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Mucoid impaction of the bronchus is a distinct clinical entity characterized by the presence of roentgenographically visible, mucus plugs in the segmental and subsegmental bronchi of one or more lobes of the lung. There are characteristic clinical and roentgenologic features of this disease that allow diagnosis in most cases. Failure to recognize these features has often resulted in a misdiagnosis of a pulmonary neoplasm or unresolved pneumonia. Recognition of the disease is essential since effective medical therapy is now available. Four cases of mucoid impaction of the bronchus illustrate these features.
Cryohypophysectomy for Acromegaly.
Authors: Alfred M. Dashe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Cryohypophysectomy for Acromegaly.Alfred M. Dashe, M.D., David H. Solomon, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert W. Rand, M.D., Josiah Brown, M.D., S. Douglas Frasier, M.D.Alfred M. Dashe, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, David H. Solomon, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert W. Rand, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Josiah Brown, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, S. Douglas Frasier, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1159_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptStereotaxic transnasal, transphenoidal cryoblation was performed in seven patients with pituitary adenomas causing symptomatic acromegaly. The pituitary tumors were proved by needle biopsy prior to freezing. Roentgen therapy had had little or no effect upon the disease in all seven patients. Preoperative serum growth hormone levels were significantly elevated and were not glucose-suppressible in the six subjects tested. Postoperative levels were remarkably reduced in all seven patients, conforming in general to the subjective and objective clinical improvement postoperatively. The operation was free of significant morbidity in all patients. Anterior pituitary function was maintained in five out of the seven patients;... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Alfred M. Dashe, M.D.; David H. Solomon, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Robert W. Rand, M.D.; Josiah Brown, M.D.; S. Douglas Frasier, M.D.Affiliations: Los Angeles, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1159-1159KeywordsAcromegalyBiopsyGrowth hormoneMorbidityPituitary tumors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...