tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systemic amyloidosis associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma
Authors: Taxiarchis V. Kourelis, Morie Gertz, Clive Zent, Martha Lacy, Robert Kyle, Prashant Kapoor, Steven Zeldenrust, Francis Buadi, Thomas Witzig, Suzanne Hayman, John Lust, Stephen Russell, Yi Lin, Vincent S. Rajkumar, Shaji Kumar, Nelson Leung, David Dingli, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

To clarify the presentation and course of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and amyloidosis. Mayo databases were interrogated for patients who carried a diagnosis of amyloidosis and CLL evaluated at Mayo Clinic, Rochester from January 1974 to October 2012. Charts were abstracted and data analyzed. Of the 33 patients identified, 20 (61%) were diagnosed with AL and 13 (39%) with non-AL. Only four patients had immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) that could be solely attributed to the CLL clone; another six had both a plasma cell clone and a CLL clone that shared the same light chain. Median overall survival was 15.6 months for patients with AL and 58.1 months for patients with non-AL. For patients with AL management involved chemotherapy targeted toward monoclonal plasma cells, lymphocytes or both, and for patients with non-AL no specific amyloid treatment was administered. AL is a rare complication of CLL, but in this elderly population of patients non-AL is nearly as common. Distinguishing between these two groups is essential since patients with non-AL amyloidosis have better outcomes and they do not require cytotoxic chemotherapy to treat their amyloidosis.
Audit on Stillbirths in Women With Pregestational Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Jeannet Lauenborg, Elisabeth Mathiesen, Per Ovesen, Jes G. Westergaard, Pia Ekbom, Lars Mølsted-Pedersen, Peter Damm
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

To audit stillbirth cases in women with type 1 diabetes to search for specific characteristics in order to improve antenatal care and treatment.Retrospectively identified cases of stillbirths in women with type 1 diabetes during 1990-2000 were analyzed regarding characteristics of the mother, the pregnancy, glycemic control, and the stillborn. The cause of stillbirth was categorized as explainable, likely, or without obvious cause.We found 22 women with 25 stillbirths among 1,361 singleton births by women with type 1 diabetes. In seven stillbirths the cause was categorized as explainable and in six as likely. In 12 cases no obvious cause was found; however, glycemic control was suboptimal in 9 of these cases. A total of 14 women reported daily smoking, and 10 of 19 with low education were unemployed.Women experiencing stillbirth were characterized by a high incidence of suboptimal glycemic control, diabetic nephropathy, smoking, and low social status.
Abstract 1319: Proton irradiation exerts antiangiogenic and other tumor progression-limiting effects
Authors: Swati Girdhani, Clare Lamont, Philip Hahnfeldt, Janusz Weremowicz, Zachary Anaya, Afshin Beheshti, Amir Abdollahi, Lynn Hlatky
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The precise targeting and energy deposition characteristics of proton theapy have attracted considerable attention in the clinical oncology community. An increasing number of proton facilities are being established to exploit the physical advantages of this radiation for cancer treatment. However, the fact that there may also be biologically-based advantages for the use of protons has essentially been overlooked. We here demonstrate that proton irradiation inhibits expression of major pro-angiogenic factors and multiple angiogenesis-associated processes, including invasion and endothelial cell proliferation, which are critical to cancer progression. Dose-dependent suppression of angiogenic signaling was demonstrated for human tumor, fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells. Pan-genomic microarray analysis and RT-PCR revealed that post-irradiation (0.5, 1.0 2.0 Gy) critical pro-angiogenic signaling factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 6 and 8 (IL-6, IL-8) and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), were significantly downregulated. Co-culture studies demonstrated proliferation and invasion of endothelial cells was inhibited by irradiation of both tumor and fibroblast cells, suggesting that proton irradiation may contribute to angiogenesis suppression through paracrine signalings from targeted cells as well as by direct action. Addition of recombinant IL-8 or VEGF partially restored these functions, once again indicating that suppression of these factors plays a functional role in inhibition of tumor progression. Finally an attenuated growth rate and a reduced invasive capacity was demonstrated in vivo for proton-irradiated human lung cancer, A549. Taken together, these findings provide novel preclinical evidence that proton irradiation may, in addition to its physical advantages, have important biological ramifications that should be a consideration in the optimization of proton therapy. This work was supported by NASA NSCOR grant #NNJ06HA28G Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1319.
Meyer Friedman, MD
Authors: Gerald W. Friedland
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Friedman was the first to show that cholesterol was absorbed by the lymphatic vessels of the distal ileum.He discovered further that the liver esterifies this cholesterol, providing it with an envelope composed of a protein, a phosphatide, and triglycerides, and that in the absence of dietary cholesterol, the liver is able to synthesize it.He also showed that the liver is the chief source of cholesterol not derived from food.He was the first to perform coronary angiograms in dogs (Circulation.1950;1:1182).For medical and legal reasons, he was reluctant to try the procedure on humans.In 1958, however, Dr Mason Sones of the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio informed Friedman that he had accidentally injected contrast material into the right coronary artery of a 26-year-old patient suffering from rheumatic valve disease.There were no ill effects, and Sones asked if Friedman had seen any in his dogs.Friedman replied in the negative.Sones then told him he would try the procedure in humans, and he did so.Coronary angiography is now standard worldwide.Friedman was among the first to show that myocardial infarctions usually were caused by rupture of a soft, subintimal atheromatous "abscess" with superimposed thrombosis.In addition, his research indicated that the negative emotions and behavior associated with stress, especially hostility, time urgency, and insecurity, contributed to the onset of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarctions.He coined the term "hurry sickness," which will appear in the forthcoming edition of the Oxford English Dictionary.Friedman initially decided to study the effects of stress on the heart after an upholsterer pointed out to him that the fronts of the seats and arms of the chairs in his waiting room were wearing out
Early Detection vs Late Treatment of Amblyopia
Authors: David G. Hunter
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group*Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of
treatment of amblyopia in children aged 7 to 17 years.Methods: 49 clinical sites, 507 patients with
amblyopic eye visual acuity ranging from 20/40 to 20/400 were provided with
optimal optical correction and then randomized to a treatment group (2-6 hours
per day of prescribed patching combined with near visual activities for all
patients plus atropine sulfate for children aged 7 to 12 years) or an optical
correction group (optical correction alone). Patients whose amblyopic eye
acuity improved 10 or more letters (≥2 lines) by 24 weeks were considered
responders.Results: In the 7- to 12-year-olds (n = 404),
53% of the treatment group were responders compared with 25% of the optical
correction group (P<.001). In the 13- to 17-year-
olds (n = 103), the responder rates were 25% and 23%, respectively,
overall (adjusted P = .22) but 47% and
20%, respectively, among patients not previously treated with patching and/or
atropine for amblyopia (adjusted P = .03).
Most patients, including responders, were left with a residual visual acuity
deficit.Conclusions: Amblyopia improves with optical
correction alone in about one fourth of patients aged 7 to 17 years, although
most patients who are initially treated with optical correction alone will
require additional treatment for amblyopia. For patients aged 7 to 12 years,
prescribing 2 to 6 hours per day of patching with near visual activities and
atropine can improve visual acuity even if the amblyopia has been previously
treated. For patients 13 to 17 years, prescribing patching 2 to 6 hours per
day with near visual activities may improve visual acuity when amblyopia has
not been previously treated but appears to be of little benefit if amblyopia
was previously treated with patching. We do not yet know whether visual acuity
improvement will be sustained once treatment is discontinued; therefore, conclusions
regarding the long-term benefit of treatment and the development of treatment
recommendations for amblyopia in children 7 years and older await the results
of a follow-up study we are conducting on the patients who responded to treatment.
Oral Phentolamine for Treatment of Ventricular Premature Contractions.
Authors: L. Gould
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Oral Phentolamine for Treatment of Ventricular Premature Contractions.L. Gould, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. F. Gomprecht, M.D., F.A.C.P., M. Zahir, M.D.L. Gould, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. F. Gomprecht, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, M. Zahir, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-779_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe beneficial effect of intravenously administered phentolamine on digitalis-induced cardiac arrhythmias has been recently demonstrated in dogs. Intravenous phentolamine has also proved valuable in reducing or abolishing digitalis- or non-digitalis-induced ventricular premature contractions in man. In addition, recent reports indicate that the drug increases myocardial contractility. These considerations prompted a clinical trial involving the oral administration of phentolamine to 20 patients with frequent ventricular premature contractions of long duration. Fifty milligrams of phentolamine were given four times a day for 2 days. If there was no effect on the contractions the dose was raised to 75 mg for 2 days... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: L. Gould, M.D., F.A.C.P.; R. F. Gomprecht, M.D., F.A.C.P.; M. Zahir, M.D.Affiliations: Bronx, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 779-779KeywordsArrhythmiaClinical trialsDrugsOral administration ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Complications of sinusitis
Authors: Martin Wagenmann, Robert M. Naclerio
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1992)

DISCUSSION Dr. Richardson.Patients with CF have this increased adherence of Pseudomonas to the mucosa, which Complications of sinusitis seems to be very difficult to dislodge for some unknown reason.Dr. Kaliner.We were curious to see if CF had an inherent mucosal defect, which we actually anticipated.Thus we measured their specific and nonspecific immune molecules in the nasal washings.We were unable to determine any abnormality.
COMPARISON OF LONG TERM CLINICAL PROGNOSIS AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION ACCORDING TO THE PRESENCE OF IN-HOSPITAL MAJOR BLEEDING EVENTS: 3 YEAR FOLLOW-UP RESULT OF HORIZONS-AMI
Authors: Jung-Won Suh, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Bimmer E. Claessen, Helen Parise, Alexandra J. Lansky, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Cindy L. Grines, Giulio Guagliumi, Ran Kornowski, Jochen Wohrle, Dariusz Dudek, Giora Weisz, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Giant malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura arising from solitary fibrous tumour
Authors: A Bini
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Giant malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura arising from solitary fibrous tumour A 61 year old man was admitted with acute breathlessness.A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a pleural mass 20 cm in diameter occupying the whole right hemithorax and causing massive lung atelectasis, with the exception of a small part of the upper lobe (fig 1A).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a right pleural effusion with right hemidiaphragm and liver lowering without infiltration; the superior vena cava was displaced but not infiltrated (fig 1B).A CT-guided transthoracic biopsy specimen was negative so the patient underwent right posterolateral thoracotomy.A vascular peduncle was seen arising from the mediastinal pleura.After ligation and sectioning of the peduncle, the mass was excised without pulmonary resection and the lung gradually re-expanded.Histological examination showed that the mass (24624613 cm; weight 3.1 kg) was a malignant fibrohistiocytoma arising from a solitary fibrous tumour.Focal areas of malignant fibrohistiocytoma were observed in the tumour, suggesting modification of the tumour towards malignant fibrohistiocytoma (fig 2A ,B).The patient developed hepatic metastases 18 months after surgery and died from disease progression.Pleural malignant fibrohistiocytoma arising from a solitary fibrous tumour is very rare.We have observed only one case and three other patients have been described in the English literature. 1 2 It appears to be a slow growing tumour and the high grade histology does not correlate with the clinical presentation.The major prognostic factor seems to be the invasion of adjacent structures at diagnosis.
LESIONS OF THE PARATRIGEMINAL AREA
Authors: LOYAL E. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The results of the surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia are brilliant and extremely gratifying to patient and surgeon alike. Section of the sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve offers immediate and lasting relief from an excruciating pain which defies description. Among an appreciable number of patients suffering from a true major neuralgia involving the trigeminal nerve there is a small number complaining of pain in the face which must be differentiated from typical trigeminal neuralgia. These patients offer a real differential diagnostic problem because surgical measures directed toward the fifth cranial nerve usually offer no relief. The history given is that of a deeply situated, dull ache occurring in one or more of the areas supplied by the divisions of the trigeminal nerve. It may be more or less continuous and attended by exacerbations, and it may spread from one divisional area to another. The important point to be
SOME GRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS OF ANKLE CLONUS.
Authors: AUGUSTUS A. ESHNER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The phenomenon known as ankle clonus consists in alternate extension and flexion of the foot on the leg, repeated a varying number of times, following passive flexion of the foot effected rather rapidly and forcibly and maintained somewhat firmly. It is best induced with the leg flexed slightly on the thigh and supported in the palm of one hand, although it can at times be elicited—as with the patient lying supine in bed—when the leg is fully extended on the thigh. Its presence is, in general, an expression of excessive irritability on the part of the motor path in the lumbosacral segment of the spinal cord, and while it is occasionally observed in cases of neurasthenia and hysteria, it is, as a rule, a sign of organic disease. It can at times be induced in healthy persons by supporting the weight of the body on the ball of the partially
990-47 Absence of Ischemia on Ambulatory ECG Monitoring During Treatment as a Predictor of Outcome: A Report from the ACIP Study
Authors: Carl J. Pepine, Bernard R. Chaitman, Craig Pratt, Martial G. Bourassa, Peter H. Stone, Genell L. Knatterud, Sandra Forman, George Sopko, C. Richard Conti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Nitric oxide protects rat hepatocytes against reperfusion injury mediated by the mitochondrial permeability transition
Authors: Jae-Sung Kim, Shigetoshi Ohshima, Peter Pediaditakis, John J. Lemasters
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

We investigated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on hepatocellular killing after simulated ischemia/reperfusion and characterized signaling factors triggering cytoprotection by NO. Cultured rat hepatocytes were incubated in anoxic Krebs-Ringer-HEPES buffer at pH 6.2 for 4 hours and reoxygenated at pH 7.4 for 2 hours. During reoxygenation, some hepatocytes were exposed to combinations of NO donors (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine [SNAP] and others), a cGMP analogue (8-bromoguanosine-3,5-cGMP [8-Br-cGMP]), and a cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (KT5823). Cell viability was determined by way of propidium iodide fluorometry. Inner membrane permeabilization and mitochondrial depolarization were monitored by confocal microscopy. SNAP, but not oxidized SNAP, increased cGMP during reperfusion and decreased cell killing. Other NO donors and 8-Br-cGMP also prevented cell killing. Both guanylyl cyclase and cGMP-dependent kinase inhibition blocked the cytoprotection of NO. However, 5-hydroxydecanoate and diazoxide- mitochondrial K(ATP) channel modulators-did not affect NO-dependent cytoprotection or reperfusion injury. During reoxygenation, confocal microscopy showed mitochondrial repolarization, followed by depolarization, inner membrane permeabilization, and cell death. In the presence of either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP, mitochondrial repolarization was sustained after reperfusion preventing inner membrane permeabilization and cell death. In isolated rat liver mitochondria, a cGMP analogue in the presence of a cytosolic extract and adenosine triphosphate blocked the Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), an effect that was reversed by KT5823. In conclusion, NO prevents MPT-dependent necrotic killing of ischemic hepatocytes after reperfusion through a guanylyl cyclase and cGMP-dependent kinase signaling pathway, events that may represent the target of NO cytoprotection in preconditioning.
Serum creatinine concentration and renal function in rheumatic diseases
Authors: C P Swainson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The long-term evolutionary interaction between the host and symbiotic microbes determines their cooperative relationship. It is well known that the symbiotic microbes have evolved various mechanisms to either benefit or exploit the mammalian host immune system to maintain homeostasis. However, the strategies employed by the symbiotic microbes to overcome host immune responses in invertebrates are still not clear. In the current study, the hemolymph microbes in oyster <i>Crassostrea gigas</i> were found to be able to directly bind an oyster Ig superfamily member (IgSF) (designated as <i>Cg</i>IgIT) to inhibit the immune responses of hemocytes. The mRNA transcripts of <i>Cg</i>IgIT in hemocytes increased significantly after the stimulation with hemolymph microbes. <i>Cg</i>IgIT was found to be located on the hemocyte membrane and it was able to directly bind the hemolymph microbes and polysaccharides via its three Ig domains and recruited the protein tyrosine phosphatase <i>Cg</i>SHP2 through its ITIM. The recruited <i>Cg</i>SHP2 inhibited the activities of <i>Cg</i>ERK, <i>Cg</i>P38 and <i>Cg</i>JNK proteins to reduce the productions of dual oxidase 2 (<i>Cg</i>Duox2) and defensin 2 (<i>Cg</i>Def2), which eventually protected the hemolymph microbes from <i>Cg</i>Duox2/<i>Cg</i>Def2-mediated elimination. Collectively, the results suggest that the oyster IgIT-SHP2 signaling pathway can recognize bacteria capable of residing in oyster hemolymph and inhibit innate immune responses, which contributes to the maintenance, colonization, and survival of hemolymph microbes.
Contraindications to Long-Term Fasting-Reply
Authors: Irving J. Farber
Journal: JAMA (1964)

I note with concern that the report by Drenick and associates failed to take into account the psychological state of the patients prior to undertaking the treatment. That rapid, marked weight loss in an extremely obese person can have serious emotional consequences is well known. There are a number of pertinent psychiatric studies showing that in any group of very obese persons there are significant psychiatric disorders. Yet in Table 1 of the communication by Drenick et al the only diagnoses listed are medical-physical. The extremely obese patient, in addition to his medical illnesses, often suffers from a neurotic depressive reaction or has a passive-dependent personality structure. His neurotic depression may be covered by a cheerful façade or it may be manifested in overt fashion. A smaller group suffer from very friable ego strengths, psychotic depressions, or schizophrenia, and it is in regard to these persons that the physician must
Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia
Authors: Robert H. Libman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  This letter is written in response to the treatment that was recommended for postherpetic neuralgia in a recent issue ofThe Journal. Ervin Epstein, MD, suggested repeated injections of triamcinolone acetonide into the symptomatic areas (238:517-518, 1977).  Two alternative methods that I have used successfully in treating postherpetic neuralgia are intercostal nerve block and sympathetic ganglion block. The blocks may be repeated daily until the symptoms subside. The reader is referred to Moore's textbook on Regional Block  1 for descriptions of the techniques.
Allergy to betalactams and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) gene polymorphisms
Authors: A. C. Bursztejn, A. Romano, R. M. Guéant-Rodriguez, J. A. Cornejo, A. Oussalah, C. Chery, I. Gastin, F. Gaeta, A. Barbaud, M. Blanca, J. L. Guéant
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Background Polymorphisms of interleukin genes related to IgE production and inflammation are predictors of hypersensitivity to betalactam, but nothing is known on the influence of NOD genes, despite their association with inflammation and atopy. Objective To evaluate the association of NOD2 and NOD1 polymorphisms with betalactam allergy. Method We genotyped 3 polymorphisms of NOD2 and 1 of NOD1 in 368 Italian and 387 Spanish patients, compared with 368 and 326 controls, respectively. Results CT/TT genotypes of rs2066845 of NOD2 predicted a lower risk in Italy (P = 0.003), while WT/insC genotype of rs5743293 (also in leucine-rich repeat domain) predicted a higher risk in Spain (P = 0.007). G allele of rs2066845 was associated with a higher level of IgE in the Italian population. Conclusion The mirrored influence of these NOD2 polymorphisms on betalactam allergy in two populations suggests a link with pathways of inflammation and/or atopy through mechanisms, which need to be clarified.
Nanotechnology: thinking small.
Authors: M May
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Nanotechnology--building devices on the atomic scale--may unleash some big scientific advances early in the new millennium. Last January in Arlington, Virginia, nearly 100 representatives from academia, industry, and government laid out the general goals for the next decade of nanotechnology research by U.S. government agencies. Some predict that the potentially rich opportunities in this field may trigger a nanotechnology initiative in the federal budget request for Fiscal Year 2001. In the meantime, Congress has asked the NIEHS to explore how nanotechnology might be used to address environmental heath problems.