tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What is a "Natural Labour"?
Authors: R. R. Rentoul
Journal: BMJ (1896)

merlyProfessor of the Practice of Physic and Clinical Medicine in the Queen's College, and has indeed been identified witlh the Birmingham School of Medicine throughout hlis whole career, as heat one time lheld the offices of Resident Physician anid Medi- cal Tutor to tlhe General Hospital.He has always taken a public spirited interest in the affairs of the professioni, an(d in addition to his services to the Britishl AMedical Association we may recall the fact that lie was one of the founders of the Birminigham Medical Institute.Sir Willouglhby AVade hias made maniy contributionis to medicine, and oine of his earliest studies was into the niature of diplhtheria, a work whlielh earned for hiim the praise of Trousseau.Sir Willouglhby Wade lhas also takeni an active part in social mlovements in Birminiglham, anid lhcas giveni special attention to promotinig the success of the Birmilnglham Musical Festival.SIlt ROBERT MiNARTIN CRAVEN.Mr. R. M. Craveni, whio lhas received the lhonour of kniglhtlhood, is a consultilng surgeon to the Hull Royal Infirmary, havinlg served oni the acting staff as suraeon for about forty years from I852.For many years lie was
The Debut of Viewpoints and Other New Developments at JAMA
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patients with a self diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis
Authors: C. Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--S J Hurel and colleagues should have checked their facts more thoroughly before making such a generalised attack on the content of literature produced by the two support groups for patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME).1

The ME Association does not believe that candida albicans is involved in the pathogenesis of the condition. Our booklet Guidelines for the Care of Patients states that “no reliable scientific evidence …
Toxicity and residue studies in dairy animals with FireMaster FF-1 (polybrominated biphenyls)
Authors: M. G. Robl, D. H. Jenkins, R. J. Wingender, D. E. Gordon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Two studies (one in Holstein calves and one in Holstein cows) were conducted to determine potential toxicity and residue levels following oral ingestion of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The material was FireMaster FF-1. Administration was by gelatin capsules. Doses in calves were 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 100 mg/kg body weight, while doses in cows were equivalent to 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, or 10 ppm in the diet. The calves were sacrificed after 2, 4, 6, or 12 weeks. The cows were fed 158 or 228 days, and were then in a recovery period for 182 or 112 days. In the calf study, signs of toxicity were observed only in animals fed 100 mg/kg-day. Administration of 10 mg/kg-day or less for up to 12 weeks caused no overt signs of toxicity. Histologic studies were conducted upon selected organs and tissues taken at time of sacrifice. The only treatment-induced lesions among animals fed 0.1 mg/kg-day were minimal lesions in the kidney and skin in the one calf fed at this level for 12 weeks. Treatment-induced lesions were present in the kidneys, skin, and/or liver from some animals fed levels of 1.0 mg/kg-day and above. The relative severity of these lesions was related to the level and length of exposure. Treatment-associated changes were observed in the testes of all males in this study. The hypospermatogenesis observed was consistent with the age of the animals due to prepuberal development of the testes. No clinical signs of toxicity or histologic changes attributed to PBB were observed in the cows. Two cows were pregnant at the initiation of the study and give birth to normal, healthy calves during the study. These calves grew normally and appeared healthy when sacrificed at about 6 months of age. Residue levels were quantitated as the hexabromobiphenyl isomer (BP-6) which is the major isomer present in the PBB mixture. Tissue residue levels in calves increased with dose and duration of administration of PBB with highest levels being found in the fat. At 100 mg/kg the levels in fat were about 6000 to 6300 ppm after 6 to 12 weeks. Residue levels of BP-6 in milk and fat of the cows also increased with dose and duration of administration. Maximum levels in milk were about 1/3 the levels in the diet. In general, the levels plateaued after about 4 to 6 weeks and did not go appreciably higher even though administration of the FireMaster FF-1 was continued. Maximum levels in fat were on the order of approximately 4.5 times the levels in the diet, except at the lowest dose level. Residues decreased in milk after administration of PBB was discontinued, but detectable levels were still present 6 months later. Residues were found in the calves born of treated cows indicating passage of the PBBs through the placental barrier and/or ingestion through the milk.
Serum adiponectin correlates with viral characteristics but not histologic features in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Chun-Jen Liu, Pei-Jer Chen, Yung-Ming Jeng, Wen-Ling Huang, Wei-Shiung Yang, Ming-Yang Lai, Jia-Horng Kao, Ding-Shinn Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil on atrial fibrillation
Authors: L. Schamroth
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

Journal Article Immediate effects of intravenous verapamil on atrial fibrillation Get access Leo Schamroth Leo Schamroth From the Baragwanath Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 5, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 419–424, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/5.4.419 Published: 01 October 1971
INCIDENTAL ABDOMINAL AORTIC CALCIFICATION ON NON-CONTRAST ABDOMINAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: IMPACT ON OUTCOMES AND RISK RECLASSIFICATION
Authors: Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Waqas Qureshi, Michael Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Tanmay Swadia, Bryan Zweig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
What Is Internal Medicine?
Authors: William H. Fee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 September 1993What Is Internal Medicine?William H. Fee Jr., MDWilliam H. Fee Jr., MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his forthright review of internal medicine today, Dr. LaCombe [1] decries the fragmenting effects of subspecialization on patient care and the associated reimbursement inequities. His own general internist group in rural Maine obtained extra training, and they do procedures that ordinarily are done by subspecialists. This expanded version of general internal medicine will be resisted in urban and suburban areas where fully trained subspecialists are present in adequate, or excess, supply.Now that traditional general internists are an endangered species, their unique ability to provide quality care and contain costs for complex patients has been rediscovered. ...REFERENCE1. LaCombe M. What is internal medicine? Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118: 384-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 541-542KeywordsHealth care qualityMotivationPatientsSub-specialty careUrban areas Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Plans for public health in England are confused, warn MPs
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The government’s plans to reorganise public health services in England have been extensively criticised by the influential House of Commons health select committee.

The all party committee of MPs published its 100 page report on the proposed changes on 2 November, raising many concerns and urging key amendments. The proposals are included in the Health and Social Care Bill, which is currently at committee stage in the House of Lords.

The report says that “policy confusion” over levels of funding is making service planning “impossible” and that uncertainty around staffing is causing public health specialists to leave the profession. It also warns that the proposed new commissioning structures lack coordination and cohesion, while the new “health premium” payments could widen rather than reduce health inequalities.

The MPs say that they are “unconvinced” by the government’s “responsibility deal” with the food and drinks industry to tackle problems such as obesity and alcohol. The committee’s chairman, Stephen Dorrell, a former Conservative health secretary, said, “The government must set out …
Norepinephrine Stimulates Apoptosis in Adult Rat Ventricular Myocytes by Activation of the β-Adrenergic Pathway
Authors: Catherine Communal, Krishna Singh, David R. Pimentel, Wilson S. Colucci
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Myocardial sympathetic activity is increased in heart failure. We tested the hypothesis that norepinephrine (NE) stimulates apoptosis in adult rat ventricular myocytes in vitro. Methods and Results —Myocytes were exposed to NE alone (10 μmol/L), NE+propranolol (2 μmol/L), NE+prazosin (0.1 μmol/L), or isoproterenol (ISO, 10 μmol/L) for 24 hours. NE and ISO decreased the number of viable myocytes by ≈35%. This effect was completely blocked by the β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol but was not affected by the α 1 -adrenergic antagonist prazosin. NE increased DNA laddering on agarose gel electrophoresis and increased the percentage of cells that were stained by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated nick end-labeling from 5.8±1.0% to 21.0±2.3% ( P &lt;0.01; n=4). NE likewise increased the percentage of apoptotic cells with hypodiploid DNA content as assessed by flow cytometry from 7.8±0.7% to 16.7±2.2% ( P &lt;0.01; n=6), and this effect was abolished by propranolol but not prazosin. ISO and forskolin (10 μmol/L) mimicked the effect of NE, increasing the percentage of apoptotic cells to 14.7±1.9% and 14.4±2.2%, respectively. NE-stimulated apoptosis was abolished by the protein kinase A inhibitor H-89 (20 μmol/L) or the voltage-dependent calcium channel blockers diltiazem and nifedipine. Conclusions —NE, acting via the β-adrenergic pathway, stimulates apoptosis in adult rat cardiac myocytes in vitro. This effect is mediated by protein kinase A and requires calcium entry via voltage-dependent calcium channels. NE-stimulated apoptosis of cardiac myocytes may contribute to the progression of myocardial failure.
Exceptionally low blood glucose response to dried beans: comparison with other carbohydrate foods.
Authors: D J Jenkins, T M Wolever, R H Taylor, H M Barker, H Fielden
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Normal volunteers took 50-g carbohydrate portions of eight varieties of dried legumes and 24 common foods drawn from grains, cereals and pasta, breakfast cereals, biscuits, and tuberous vegetables. Both the mean peak rise in blood glucose concentrations and mean area under the glucose curve of the subjects who ate beans were at least 45% lower than those of subjects who ate the other foods. These results suggest a potentially valuable role for dried leguminous seeds in carbohydrate exchanges for individuals with impaired carbohydrate tolerance.
Lymphocytes with Immunoglobulin E Fc Receptors in Patients with Atopic Disorders
Authors: H. L. Spiegelberg, R. D. O'Connor, R. A. Simon, D. A. Mathison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Lymphocytes from normal nonallergic donors and patients with atopic disorders were analyzed for subpopulations bearing Fc receptors for immunoglobulin (Ig)E (Fcε) and IgG (Fcγ), surface IgM (sIgM) and IgD (sIgD), and for T cells forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E). The patients were divided into three groups according to serum IgE concentrations and systemic corticosteroid treatment. Group I consisted of 12 atopic patients with either normal or moderately increased IgE levels up to 4,000 U/ml. Four patients of group II and three of group III had 10,500-31,000 U/ml and severe atopic dermatitis. Patients of group III, but not I and II, were receiving corticosteroids systemically. The percentage (mean ±SD) and total number of Fcε+ lymphocytes were 1.2±0.5%, 41±24/mm3 in 12 normals; 1.6±0.9%, 59±43/mm3 in patients of group I: 7.0±2.0%, 187±67/mm3 in group II; and 0.3±0.1%, 13±5/mm3 in patients of group III. The increase in group II and decrease in group III of Fcε+ cells were statistically significantly different from the normal persons and patients of group I. In contrast, the patients did not differ significantly from the donors in sIgM+, sIgD+, Fcγ+, and E+ cell populations. As shown by depletion of sIg+ cells in four patients with atopic disorders, the great majority of the Fcε+ lymphocytes were B cells. However, two patients with elevated Fcε+ cell numbers had small numbers of mixed E- and Fcε-rosetting cells, presumably T cells. Two patients of group II were examined during an acute herpes simplex infection. Both showed an ≅80% decrease of Fcε+ cells at that time. No apparent correlation between numbers of Fcε+ cells and IgE level existed in patients of group I. Injection of an IgE myeloma protein into two monkeys did not significantly change their percentages of Fcε+ lymphocytes.
Potential lung cancer risk from indoor radon exposure
Authors: N. H. Harley, J. H. Harley
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1990)

The contribution of radon daughter exposure to excess lung cancer in underground miners is universally accepted. These miners received exposures from tens to thousands of WLM in a relatively few years. Although the miners were also exposed to other noxious agents in mines, the appearance of the excess lung cancer mortality in several types of mines and the increase with increasing exposure provide convincing evidence of the role of radon as the carcinogen. It is conceivable that exposures to radon at an average concentration of one to two pCi/liter, the levels for a majority of homes, might not produce excess lung cancers. This would require that a lifetime exposure at low concentrations produce a different response from that of a few years at higher levels for the miners. This is unlikely but not impossible. The current environmental epidemiology is of varying quality. The better studies may give some answers in a few years. These studies are more likely to establish an upper limit of risk than to provide an exposure-response model. Present risk estimates cannot be used accurately in estimating the overall lung cancer risk to the US population, since there are no good data on average exposure and exposure distribution. For example, the number of homes above the EPA guideline of four pCi/liter may range from two million to 10 million. An estimate of the actual radon exposure in the US may be forthcoming from a planned EPA survey, but these data will not be available for a few years. In the conservative tradition of radiation protection, indoor radon exposures in homes are estimated to produce a number of excess lung cancers in the population. One estimate by the NCRP is about 10,000 deaths per year in the US, for an average annual estimated exposure of 0.2 WLM (about one pCi/liter). The National Academy of Sciences (BEIR IV) estimates 13,000 deaths for the same exposure, and the EPA's estimate is 5,000 to 20,000.
Evaluation of Tissue Perfusion by the Xe-133 Washout Method in Lower Limbs of Patients With Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: WAN-YU LIN, CHIA-HUNG KAO, CHUNG-YUAN HSU, SHU-QUINN LIAO, SHYH-JEN WANG, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Ischemia is thought to be a major component in the pathogenesis of foot problems. The authors use the Xe-133 washout method to evaluate the blood perfusion of muscle tissue in the lower legs of patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Eighty-five male patients with NIDDM ranging in age from 51 years to 79 years (mean, 66.5 years) and 47 nondiabetic control males with a matched age ranging from 52 years to 82 years (mean, 64.5 years) were included in this study. None of the diabetics had a history or presentation of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs. The patients were separated into groups according to the duration of the disease and condition of blood sugar control. The Xe-133 washout method was performed in the anterior tibial muscle of all the subjects. According to a Student's t-test, the tissue perfusion were of significant difference between 1) NIDDM and normal controls (1.98 ± 1.39 ml/100 g/minute versus 2.85 ± 1.35 ml/100 g/minute), 2) good and poor blood sugar control (2.36 ± 1.58 versus 1.51 ± 0.94), and 3) long and short disease durations (1.50 ± 0.78 versus 2.35 ± 1.63). It is concluded that the tissue perfusion in the lower legs of patients with NIDDM is significantly decreased and related to the duration of the disease and condition of blood sugar control. This may contribute to the high incidence of foot gangrene and limb loss in patients with NIDDM. The authors consider that the Xe-133 washout technique may prove to be a useful method both for the early detection of diabetic microangiopathy, as well as for research on the pathophysiology of the microvascular disturbances in patients with DM.
A novel and practicable ERCP training system with simulated fluoroscopy
Authors: E. Frimberger, S. von Delius, T. Rösch, A. Karagianni, R. Schmid, C. Prinz
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Simulators facilitate the acquisition of technical skills for endoscopy. Here, we describe the development, introduction, and first evaluation of a novel generation of mechanical endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) simulation models with simulated fluoroscopy, the X-Vision ERCP Training System.A custom-made modular ERCP simulation system was built with the use of universally obtainable materials and tools. The trainee controls ERCP activities on two screens: the aspect of the papilla and duodenum is shown on the conventional endoscopy monitor, and the trainee's actions in the equivalents of the pancreaticobiliary ducts are shown on the viewing screen of the model. Thereby, the latter screen serves as a substitute for fluoroscopy. Currently, four different models are available, allowing simulation of selective cannulation of the pancreatic or bile duct, intubation of differently arranged papillae, stent placement, and sphincterotomy of a biopapilla. The X-Vision ERCP Training System was first used during an ERCP course attended by 26 endoscopists. Trainees were supervised by an ERCP expert and an experienced ERCP nurse at each training model. The training system was evaluated by the participants and experts using a specific questionnaire.During the course there were no technical problems related to the X-Vision ERCP Training System. After sphincterotomy the organic papillae could easily be exchanged within less than 15 seconds. Overall, the X-Vision ERCP Training System achieved favorable results in all categories assessed.The new X-Vision ERCP Training System is simple and effective. A first evaluation in the context of an ERCP course showed impressive results.
Accessory Renal Arteries—Mostly, But Not Always, Innocuous
Authors: Kem D.C., Lyons D.F., Wenzl J., Halverstadt D., Yu X
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Since the classical observation of Harry Goldblatt ([1][1]), hyperreninism resulting from renal ischemia has become an established paradigm to explain several forms of hypertension. The closest human counterparts to the experimental model of Goldblatt are the various forms of renal artery stenosis,
Extracts from "Clinical Evidence": Bulimia nervosa
Authors: P. J Hay
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Competing interests: PJH has received reimbursement for attending symposiums from Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Pfizer Pharmaceuticals and for educational training of family doctors from Bristol-Myers Squibb. JB has received fees from Janssen-Cilag Farmaceutica.



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Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Outcomes in Black and White Children
Authors: Donald Pinkel
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Pui and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report the good news that black children with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital since 1984 have an overall 5-year survival rate similar to that of white children. This contrasts with prior experience when black children had substantially lower survival rates. Because St Jude has provided equal access and quality of care to all children since its founding in 1962, the results suggest that improved treatment protocols since 1984 are responsible for the change. However, another factor must be considered. Malnutrition, as determined from height and weight data, is an independent adverse prognostic factor in survival of children with ALL.<sup>2</sup>In the first report from St Jude describing the poor prognosis of black children with ALL, Walters et al<sup>3</sup>demonstrated their inferior nutritional status as determined from height and weight data. This demonstration was one
Childhood epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with autoantibodies against all 3 structural domains of type VII collagen
Authors: Takaya Fukumoto, Toshiki Umekawa, Masanori Higuchi, Takashi Hashimoto, Hauke Shumann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Hideo Asada, Sachiko Miyagawa
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)