tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
German doctor cleared of manslaughter after suspect died while having his stomach pumped
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A court in Bremen, Germany, acquitted a doctor on 4 December who was on trial for negligent manslaughter after the death of a suspected drug dealer. The dealer was forcibly given an emetic and water through nasal tubes to try to retrieve evidence while in police custody.

The man, whom police suspected of swallowing cocaine capsules before his arrest in late 2004 to conceal evidence, had oxygen deficiency after watery vomit entered his lungs while the doctor was present.

Had the doctor been convicted, he could have been sentenced for up five years in prison, fined, or both.

The case of the man, who the German press identified as a 35 year old asylum seeker from Sierra Leone, Laye-Alama Conde, was followed closely by human rights advocates. After his death …
Abstract 1114: Loss of OPA1 expression results in apoptosis for cells overexpressing c-Myc
Authors: J. Anthony Graves, Edward P. Cherok
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract c-Myc (Myc) is a transcription factor that controls the expression of a vast array of genes that function in many essential cellular pathways, and high levels of Myc have been implicated in the development of many human cancers. One pathway that Myc controls is mitochondrial biogenesis. We have previously shown that Myc does this is in part via the regulation of the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion, including Opa1, whose levels are increased upon the over-expression of Myc. This results in a highly interconnected mitochondrial network in cells with high levels of Myc. This fused mitochondrial network is present despite the fact that Myc also increases the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial fission as well. We sought to understand how Myc controls the expression of Opa1 and to determine if the high levels of mitochondrial fusion in Myc over-expressing cells are important in cellular transformation. We hypothesized that the increased mitochondrial fusion driven by the Myc-mediated increase in Opa1 may reduce apoptosis. Rat fibroblasts with inducible Myc expression were transfected with an OPA1-specific shRNA. These cells were characterized by a series of assays that measured different aspects of mitochondrial structure and function. After only 48h of Myc induction, mitochondrial mass increased by approximately two-fold compared to control cells; however, when Opa1 levels were reduced in this background (Myc+/Opa-), mitochondrial mass was decreased four-fold. The cells with decreased Opa1 expression but minimal Myc activity (Myc-/Opa-) had a punctate appearance to the mitochondria, which became even more dramatic in Myc+/Opa- cells. This was likely related to the ability of Myc to increase the proteins involved in fission. There was an approximate 50% decrease in the ability to perform oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) when Myc-/Opa- cells were compared to Myc+/Opa- cells. This was consistent with the four-fold decrease in net ATP levels when Myc-/Opa- cells were compared to Myc+/Opa- cells. Finally, prolonged activation of Myc in cells with decreased expression of OPA1 leads to apoptosis. After 48 hours of Myc induction the Myc+/Opa- cells the cells gradually began to die and cultures were nearly devoid of viable cells within 10 days, whereas Myc-/Opa- cells remained almost completely viable. We believe that the unopposed mitochondrial fission in Myc+/Opa- cells results in an increase susceptibility to an early apoptotic death. The mechanisms involved in this phenomenon are being explored, as is the possibility of exploiting this consequence of Opa1 reduction as a means of selectively eliminating tumor cells that display Myc over-expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1114. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1114
Methadone Maintenance and Amitriptyline
Authors: Richard Cantor
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  I read the article Abuse of Amitriptyline by Cohen et al (240:1372, 1978) and must concur with their conclusions that misuse and abuse of amitriptyline (Elavil) among drug-dependent patients are not uncommon. Through patient interviews and abuse patterns, it has been obvious for many years that an active street market has and does exist for this drug. Early recognition of amitriptyline's abuse potential has led to a clear warning to patients and staff of our methadone program. We rarely use amitriptyline in treating this patient population. A review of urine profiles from March to September 1978 shows a 2.5% positive mention for amitriptyline (13 mentions involving nine patients; treatment capacity, 350). Only one of these patients was receiving amitriptyline under proper medical guidance and with our knowledge. Thus, despite strong program pressure for avoidance, the drug was still abused.  More important from a treatment aspect of patients
Addressing Homosexuals' Mental Health Problems
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

"IF YOU'RE LOOKING at somebody's gallbladder, it's not going to be a lot different if it's a lesbian gallbladder," notes a lesbian psychologist. However, when it comes to mental health, lesbians and gays appear to have some unique problems arising from the emotional toll of secrecy, disapproval, and, often, internalized shame, says the same psychologist. In light of these problems, research and rehabilitation efforts are being targeted to this population. The stresses of being gay in a predominantly straight society may at least in part account for the alcoholism and other substance abuse estimated to occur in 35% to 40% of homosexual persons, according to informal discussions among the nearly 80 participants at a Minneapolis meeting of the Women's Issues Committee of the American Association of Physicians for Human Rights. Formal data from the National Lesbian Health Care Survey give a clearer picture of the extent of mental health problems
ACUTE LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA. SOME CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN A CASE SUGGESTING INFECTION AS AN ETIOLOGIC FACTOR.
Authors: PHILIP MARVEL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The following arc the salient features of this case: 1. Conjugate lateral paralysis, Avith deviation to the left.2. Fugacious hemianesthesia and hemiplegia.3. The location by exclusion of the lesion at the nucleus of the right nerve.4. The absence of hemianopsia.5.The obvious predominance of the external rectus as opposed to the internal rectus.6.The retention of normal convergence.
Measles outbreak on a cruise ship in the western Mediterranean, February 2014, preliminary report
Authors: S Lanini, M R Capobianchi, V Puro, A Filia, M Del Manso, T Kärki, L Nicoletti, F Magurano, T Derrough, E Severi, S Bonfigli, F N Lauria, G Ippolito, L Vellucci, M G Pompa, Collective the Central task force for the measles outbreak
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

A measles outbreak occurred in February 2014 on a ship cruising the western Mediterranean Sea. Overall 27 cases were reported: 21 crew members, four passengers.For two cases the status crew or passenger was unknown. Genotype B3 was identified. Because of different nationalities of cases and persons on board,the event qualified as a cross-border health threat. The Italian Ministry of Health coordinated rapid response.Alerts were posted through the Early Warning and Response System.
ABC of sleep disorders. Parasomnias.
Authors: H S Driver, C M Shapiro
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Parasomnias are a group of acute, undesirable, episodic physical phenomena that usually occur during sleep, or are exaggerated by sleep.They are characterised by partial arousals before, during, or after the event even though they occur during different stages of sleep and at different times during the night.Most parasomnias are precipitated or perpetuated by stress, and an interaction between biological (often not identified) and psychological factors is presumed in many.There are three different types: those that occur during slow wave sleep, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and any phase of sleep.Jacob's dream (from the Lambert Bible) Parasomnias during slow wave sleep Slow wave sleep is non-REM sleep (stages 3Features of sleep walking and night terrors and 4), when 5 waves predominate on the electroencephalogram. Somnambulism (sleep * They occur primarily in the first third of sleep when slow wave sleep is walking) and night terrors ("pavor nocturnus" in most prominent children and "incubus" in adults) are in this * Slow wave sleep is deep sleep: it is difficult to wake the patient group, and seem to be "disorders of arousal."* Patients rarely remember specific details of the event * Conditions in which there are higher levels of slow wave sleep tend to Patients who are disturbed rather than becomig increase the frequency of these parasomnias (for example, sleep
Calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand does not restrict retrovirus release
Authors: Annika Kühl, Jan Münch, Daniel Sauter, Stephanie Bertram, Ilona Glowacka, Imke Steffen, Anke Specht, Heike Hofmann, Heike Schneider, Georg Behrens, Stefan Pöhlmann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)
Tropical respiratory medicine. 2. Impact of human immunodeficiency virus on tuberculosis in developing countries.
Authors: P P Nunn, A M Elliott, K P McAdam
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is present in approximately 50% of 15-49 year olds in the developing world, while infection in Europe and North America is limited largely to the elderly and some disadvantaged groups. The authors concentrate upon the interaction of HIV infection and tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries with a particular focus upon research data from sub-Saharan Africa. They discuss HIV infection and predisposition for TB, epidemiological determinants of the TB-HIV interaction, HIV-2 and TB, the impact of HIV on TB treatment services, treatment regimes, and prevention. They note that HIV greatly increases a person's risk of contracting TB by reactivation or recent infection or both, and that HIV-associated TB is not more infectious. The efficacy of most diagnostic procedures is compromised by HIV and anti-TB drug resistance is associated with HIV infection in industrialized countries. TB responds well to optimal treatment, but death from other causes during treatment and recurrence of TB are common with the suboptimal regimens applied in most developing countries. Thiacetazone should be removed from treatment regimens because of its high incidence of toxicity. A need also exists to determine the duration of anti-TB treatment needed for HIV-infected patients. More effective drugs are needed, while short-course chemotherapy needs to be made available where it is currently in short supply or unavailable. The authors also recommend adherence to International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease program guidelines.
Establishment of a Multi-Analyte Serum Biomarker Panel to Identify Lymph Node Metastases in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Jeffrey A. Borgia, Sanjib Basu, L Penfield Faber, Anthony W. Kim, John S. Coon, Kelly A. Kaiser-Walters, Cristina Fhied, Sherene Thomas, Omid Rouhi, William H. Warren, Philip Bonomi, Michael J. Liptay
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
The Timely and the Timeless
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1980)

As a suffix, "less" negates the meaning of the word to which it is appended. The effect may be pejorative, as in "heartless," "brainless," "senseless." It may be laudatory, as in "fearless," "selfless," and "dauntless." Or, as in "effortless," "listless," and "boundless," it may be nonjudgmental. A uniquely laudatory change of meaning occurs when "less" is affixed to "time." The latter is not reduced or abolished; it is transcended. A timeless artistic masterpiece or scientific discovery is invulnerable to erosion by time. It endures. Its creators, the immortal geniuses, remain a source of wonder, and their creativity provokes much speculation and study. One such study by Stephen Jay Gould<sup>1</sup>attempts to trace the paths to great scientific discoveries, as exemplified by Darwin's theory of natural selection. In a penetrating analysis of Darwin's writings, Gould argues persuasively that neither inductive reasoning based on observed facts and performed experiments nor flashes
Summary Recommendations for Responsible Monitoring and Regulation of Clinical Software Systems
Authors: Randolph A. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Clinical software systems are becoming ubiquitous.A growing literature documents how these systems can improve health care delivery, but concerns about patient safety must now be formally addressed. In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) called for discussions on regulation of software programs as medical devices. In response, a consortium of organizations dedicated to improving health care through information technology developed recommendations for the responsible regulation and monitoring of clinical software systems by users, vendors, and regulatory agencies. These recommendations were revised and approved by the American Medical Informatics Association Public Policy Committee and Board. Other organizations reviewed, modified, and approved the recommendations, and the Boards of Directors of most of the organizations in the consortium endorsed the guidelines. The consortium proposes four categories of clinical system risk and four classes of monitoring and regulatory action that can be applied on the basis of the risk level. The consortium recommends that most clinical software systems be supervised locally and that developers of health care information systems adopt a code of good business practices. Budgetary and other constraints limit the type and number of systems that the FDA can regulate effectively; therefore, the FDA should exempt most clinical software systems and focus on systems that pose high clinical risk and provide limited opportunity for competent human intervention.
Risks and Benefits of Insulin-like Growth Factor
Authors: Monica Skarulis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 October 1994Risks and Benefits of Insulin-like Growth FactorMonica Skarulis, MD and Carolyn Bondy, MDMonica Skarulis, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Carolyn Bondy, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-7-199410010-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We are aware of the studies cited by Dr. Burguera on the effects of IGF-I treatment in patients with insulin resistance. However, we did not observe an enhancement in glucose use in the most severely insulin-resistant patients we studied. Furthermore, long-term IGF-I treatment in a patient with compound heterozygous insulin receptor mutations produced only transient, modest improvement in glycemic control. Our observations, which differ from those in the literature cited, are not intended to be generalizable to all patients with insulin resistance but rather to show that in some severely affected patients, resistance to the effects of IGF-I ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1994Volume 121, Issue 7Page: 549-550KeywordsGlucoseInsulinInsulin resistanceInsulin-like growth factorsMutationPatientsToxicity ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Maharishi Ayur-Veda
Authors: Steele Belok
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The descriptive summary of Maharishi Ayur-Veda by Sharma et al<sup>1</sup>represents an invaluable supplement to our medical practice. I congratulate<i>JAMA</i>on its foresight in bringing this underrecognized area of therapeutics to the attention of your readers. Maharishi Ayur-Veda represents both the most ancient and advanced system of health care by being the first truly quantum field-based medicine. It sees the individual as a complex wave form rather than our classical view of the individual as a collection of separate organ systems. The wave form of the individual physiology is defined in terms of movement (<i>Vata</i>), energy (<i>Pitta</i>), and structure (<i>Kapha</i>). The physician then tailors treatment regimens to modify imbalances of this wave form. This approach is easily incorporated into a modern medical practice. The practicalities of treatment are well described by Chopra.<sup>2</sup> The mental and physical health benefits, as well as the societal health
Disruption of a Mitral-Valve Prosthesis
Authors: Benson R. Wilcox
Journal: JAMA (1965)

EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE has wide application in the treatment of cardiac arrest. Though complications have been reported to accompany this maneuver,<sup>1-4</sup>it is unquestionably a valuable resuscitative measure. Nevertheless, the case reported below suggests there are certain situations where closed-chest cardiac massage might well be hazardous. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 22-year-old mentally retarded woman was first admitted to North Carolina Memorial Hospital in 1955 with the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease, mitral-valve insufficiency, and subacute bacterial endocarditis secondary to infection with α-hemolytic streptococci. At that time, her electrocardiogram showed frequent premature ventricular contractions with runs of bigeminal rhythm. She responded well to therapy and was discharged on a regimen of prophylactic penicillin and digitalis. Her second admission was in 1961 for sterilization by abdominal hysterectomy. Her preoperative and postoperative course was complicated by ventricular arrhythmia, necessitating a prolonged hospitalization. In April 1962, prior to her third admission, she
Diencephalic Autonomic Attacks
Authors: Thomas Geoghegan, Elmer J. Mueller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

EPISODIC autonomie hyperfunction represents an entity observed experimentally and clinically in various forms. The effect of cerebral decortication resulting in uncontrolled autonomic discharge first described by Goltz was further studied by Cannon and Britton1 and termed "sham rage." The center of this activity was delineated by Bard2 as in the diencephalon. Details have added to these early experiments by studies in animals and human beings that establish the hypothalamus as the principal control center for neurovegetative activity.3 Recently, the autonomic role of certain areas of the cortex has been under scrutiny.4 , 5 Clinical autonomic outbursts resulting from lesions in the cortex, . . .
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the sublingual gland: a case report
Authors: Yasunori Ariyoshi, Masashi Shimahara, Toshiyuki Konda, Motomu Tsuji
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

We report a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of a sublingual gland in a 70-year-old man. Under a clinical diagnosis of benign salivary gland tumor, excision of the mass with the sublingual salivary gland in an en bloc fashion via an intraoral approach was performed. Histopathologically, there was a rupture of the fibrous capsule and diffuse cell-rich sheets composed of myoepithelial cells with round nuclei were also seen. Immunohistochemically, the cells that composed of cell rich sheets were positive to smooth muscle actin. Final diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma was made.
Environmental and workplace contamination in the semiconductor industry: implications for future health of the workforce and community.
Authors: P Edelman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The semiconductor industry has been an enormous worldwide growth industry. At the heart of computer and other electronic technological advances, the environment in and around these manufacturing facilities has not been scrutinized to fully detail the health effects to the workers and the community from such exposures. Hazard identification in this industry leads to the conclusion that there are many sources of potential exposure to chemicals including arsenic, solvents, photoactive polymers and other materials. As the size of the semiconductor work force expands, the potential for adverse health effects, ranging from transient irritant symptoms to reproductive effects and cancer, must be determined and control measures instituted. Risk assessments need to be effected for areas where these facilities conduct manufacturing. The predominance of women in the manufacturing areas requires evaluating the exposures to reproductive hazards and outcomes. Arsenic exposures must also be evaluated and minimized, especially for maintenance workers; evaluation for lung and skin cancers is also appropriate.
Clinical medicine in revolution: 1--New elements in the old regime.
Authors: J. Gabbay
Journal: BMJ (1989)

for screening, and the existing.computer program that generates a non-responder card for inclusion in nonattenders notes should be used to do this.This small study confirms the views that were held by many people before the institution of the service, that in inner city areas where there is extensive mobility of people high rates of uptake will take some time to achieve.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Retinal Arteriolar Diameter in Singapore Chinese
Authors: Chiea C. Khor, Qiao Fan, Liang-Kee Goh, Tien Y. Wong, Yi-Ju Li, Ning Cheung, Mark Seielstad, Denise L.M. Goh, Terri L. Young, E.-Shyong Tai, Seang-Mei Saw
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Mammography Use in Black Women
Authors: Risa B. Burns
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 February 1997Mammography Use in Black WomenRisa B. Burns, MD, MPH, Ellen P. McCarthy, MPH, and Mark A. Moskowitz, MDRisa B. Burns, MD, MPHBoston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118Search for more papers by this author, Ellen P. McCarthy, MPHBoston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118Search for more papers by this author, and Mark A. Moskowitz, MDBoston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-4-199702150-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The results of our study, which used a large claims database, show significantly less mammography use in older black than in white women. We could not determine why mammography use is lower in black women or how this rate can be improved. The studies suggested by Jackson and Davis are the important next step in trying to understand and overcome the lower rate of mammography use that we documented in black women. We concur that patient education may well be the key component in trying to improve mammography use among black women. Previous studies have shown that black ...REFERENCE1. Caplan LS, Wells BL, Haynes S. Breast cancer screening among older racial/ethnic minorities and whites: barriers to early detection. J Gerontol. 1992; 47:101-10. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1997Volume 126, Issue 4Page: 334KeywordsDatabasesMammography Issue Published: 15 February 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...