tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
625. Adenoviral-Mediated Gene Delivery of a Constitutively Active Form of Early Growth Response Factor-1 Increases Tissue Perfusion in a Murine Model of Hindlimb Ischemia
Authors: Jonghoe Byun, Young-Sam Lee, Hyung-Suk Jang, Jeong-Min Kim, Jung-Sun Lee, Jae-Young Lee, Koung Li Kim, In-Soon Shin, Wonhee Suh, Jin-Ho Choi, Eun-Seok Jeon, Duk-Kyung Kim
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
We hypothesized that the overexpression of early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1), which plays a pivotal role in the activation of many genes under stress conditions, might induce multiple genes involved in vessel formation and thereby contribute to the revascularization of ischemic muscle. To test this hypothesis, adenoviral vectors carrying the genes for Egr-1 or Egr-1|[ast]| (a constitutively active form of Egr-1) were made and transduced into primary human skeletal myocytes. RNA and protein analyses revealed significant upregulation of angiogenesis-related genes, such as bFGF, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, IGF-II, and TGF-|[beta]|1. A co-culture assay of the paracrine effects of transduced myocytes indicated that the Ad-Egr-1|[ast]| group significantly promoted proliferation of endothelial cells and regrowth from the wound edge following scratch injury. To further evaluate the angiogenic potential of Egr-1|[ast]|, Ad-Egr-1|[ast]| was injected into the tibialis anterior muscle of mouse (Balb/c), followed by explant culture in growth factor-reduced Matrigel. Many sprouted capillary-like structures were observed in the Egr-1|[ast]| group compared with minimal sprouting from the LacZ group, suggesting an angiogenic activity of Egr-1|[ast]|. Next we evaluated Ad-Egr-1|[ast]| in vivo in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia (Balb/c). Compared with the slow revascularization in the control group (PBS or Ad-LacZ), a rapid increase in tissue perfusion was observed in the Ad-Egr-1|[ast]| group and the difference in the measured flux ratio was statistically significant at day 7. Expression of Egr-1|[ast]|, upregulation of its target genes, and increased number of vessels that stained positive for smooth muscle |[alpha]|-actin (|[alpha]|-SMA) were also observed in the injected muscle. These results suggest that Egr-1 plays an important role in vascular recovery after occlusion and could be a potential target for therapeutic angiogenesis.
Human Leukemias: Cytochemical and Ultrastructural Techniques in Diagnosis and Research
Authors: Murray Bern
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This edited text offers a thorough description of cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics for a wide variety of leukemic conditions. The text is well organized, extremely well illustrated, and up-to-date. The index is excellent. The various authors have correlated well their discussions of cytological findings with immunologic diagnosis. The book does not contain a separate section on the application of immunologic techniques to ultrastructural analysis. The text is organized in disease units. It does not, however, include a single systematic review of the acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias, so as to make access to that body of information easy to obtain. On the other hand, there are outstanding descriptions of the other forms of leukemia, including the secondary leukemias, blast transformations, the acute lymphoblastic leukemias, prolymphoblastic leukemia, hairy-cell leukemia, megakaryocytic leukemia, and plasma cell and other leukemia. This is a very useful test for hemopathologists and hematologists. It is well worth having in
Endoscopic Sphincterotomy: Long-term Results in 408 Patients with Complete Follow-up
Authors: S. Ikeda, M. Tanaka, S. Matsumoto, H. Yoshimoto, H. Itoh
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

Endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed in 469 patients for the treatment of biliary calculi, with procedure-related morbidity of 6.3 % and mortality of 0.4 %. Long-term follow-up to 10.5 years (mean 3.7 years) was completed in all of 408 patients at least six months postsphincterotomy. Recurrent stones developed in 21 patients (5.8 %) after a mean of 2.4 years (range 4 months to 7 years); in 6 after 3 years. Eight patients reformed stones more than twice at a mean interval of 1.8 years (range, 5 months to 3.5 years). In the 122 patients with gallbladders in situ, acute cholecystitis occurred in 5 of 31 with gallstones (16 %), but in none of the 91 without gallstones. In the 237 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, 4 late deaths occurred secondary to recurrent choledocholithiasis and cholangitis. In the 49 patients with primary intrahepatic stones, 3 late deaths occurred secondary to hepatic abscess. These results suggest that (a) endoscopic sphincterotomy is a very effective procedure in long-term follow-up, (b) cholangiography should be done at the appearance of slight abdominal symptoms even after 3 years, (c) patients who have ever reformed stones should undergo cholangiography yearly for at least 4 years, and (d) cholecystectomy is recommended for patients with gallbladders after sphincterotomy, only if gallstones are present.
Nits or Not?
Authors: Michael J. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Some hair anomalies are often misdiagnosed as nits. Simple office procedures and techniques can differentiate pseudonits from nits. Knowledge of these basic disorders and procedures will eliminate any misdiagnosis of nits and thereby prevent any unnecessary treatment, anxiety, or embarrassment.  (JAMA243:2325-2326, 1980)
Long acting calcium antagonist amlodipine prevents left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats
Authors: T Shimada
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of amlodipine, a long-acting calcium antagonist, on the left ventricular remodeling, including systolic and diastolic dysfunction, the change of cardiac gene expression in the myocardial infarcted rats (MI).On the first day after myocardial infarction, the animals were randomly assigned to amlodipine treatment (n = 8) or untreated groups (MI; n = 9). We then performed Doppler-echocardiographic examinations and measured the hemodynamics at four weeks after myocardial infarction. Following these measurements, their cardiac mRNA was analyzed.Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and central venous pressure (CVP) increased to 22 +/- 1 mmHg and 5 +/- 1 mmHg. Amlodipine reduced LVEDP and CVP to 15 +/- 1 mmHg (P < 0.01) and 3 +/- 0 mmHg (P < 0.01). The weight of right ventricle in MI was significantly larger than in the control rats (Control; 0.48 +/- 0.01 g/kg, MI; 0.79 +/- 0.04 g/kg, P < 0.01). Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) in MI increased to 10.3 +/- 0.3 mm (P < 0.01) (Control; 6.2 +/- 0.3 mm). Amlodipine prevented an increase of the weight of right ventricle (0.62 +/- 0.03 g/kg, P < 0.01) and LVDd (7.9 +/- 0.2 mm, P < 0.01 to MI). The rats in MI showed systolic dysfunction shown by the decreased fractional shortening (Control; 31 +/- 2% versus MI; 15 +/- 1%, P < 0.01), and diastolic dysfunction shown by E wave deceleration rate (Control; 18.1 +/- 2.0 m/s2, MI; 32.6 +/- 2.1 m/s2, P < 0.01). Amlodipine significantly prevented systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The increases in beta-MHC, alpha-skeletal actin, and ANP mRNAs in the non-infarcted left ventricle and right ventricle at four weeks after the myocardial infarction were all significantly suppressed by the treatment with amlodipine. On the other hand, depressed alpha-MHC was restored to normal levels by amlodipine in both regions.Amlodipine prevents the left ventricular remodeling process accompanied by systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and inhibits abnormal cardiac gene expression after myocardial infarction.
Intracellular neutrophil myeloperoxidase is reduced in unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, but its reduction is not related to ischemia
Authors: Luigi M. Biasucci, Giuseppe D'Onofrio, Giovanna Liuzzo, Gina Zini, Claudia Monaco, Giuseppina Caligiuri, Maria Tommasi, Antonio G. Rebuzzi, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Expression of a conditional AML1-ETO oncogene bypasses embryonic lethality and establishes a murine model of human t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Masakazu Higuchi, Darin O'Brien, Parasakthy Kumaravelu, Noel Lenny, Eng-Juh Yeoh, James R. Downing
Journal: Cancer Cell (2002)
Altered pattern of TCR/CD3-mediated protein-tyrosyl phosphorylation in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Deficient expression of the T cell receptor zeta chain.
Authors: S N Liossis, X Z Ding, G J Dennis, G C Tsokos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Cellular immunity aberrations in patients with SLE are underscored by the abnormal early Ag receptor-mediated lymphocyte signal transduction pathway. To further characterize the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3-initiated signaling defects, we studied 22 patients with SLE, 12 patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, and 14 normal donors. The early (1 min) TCR/CD3-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins with a molecular size between 36 and 64 kD was increased in 15 of 21 SLE patients, compared to normal or disease control subjects. The deficiency or absence of a band with a molecular size of approximately 16 kD in the immunoblots of SLE patients led us to investigate the expression of the TCRzeta chain. In immunoblots using anti-zeta antibodies we found that 10 of 22 lupus patients tested lacked the expression of TCRzeta, which was always present in control subjects (P < 0.001). Flow cytometric studies using permeabilized cells confirmed the deficiency or absence of the TCRzeta chain in lupus T cells. Using Northern blots we found that for eight patients tested, the TCRzeta mRNA was missing in three, decreased in three, and apparently normal in two patients (P < 0.003), but was always present in control subjects. Reverse transcriptase-PCR verified Northern blot results. We conclude that TCRzeta chain expression is either decreased or absent in the majority of patients with SLE, but not in patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, regardless of disease activity, treatment status, or clinical manifestations. The previously described increases in TCR-initiated Ca2+ responses and the herein described increases in TCR-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and deficient TCRzeta expression may represent intrinsic defects modulating lupus T cell function.
Expression of 44-Kilodalton Oncofetal Antigen as a Premalignancy Marker in X Irradiation-Induced Murine T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: S. D. Rohrer, R. N. Sarli, A. L. Barsoum, R. B. Hester, J. H. Coggin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Background : Oncofetal antigens (OFAs) are found on the surface of murine and human midgestation fetal cells, in human and roden tumor tissues, and on human and rodent tumor and embryonic cell lines but not in normal neonatal or adult human and rodent tissue. Purpose : The usefulness of OFA as an early indicator of lymphoma development was evaluated. Methods : With the use of monoclonal antibody directed against a 44-kd glycoprotein, cells from the thymus and spleen of RFM/UnCr mice receiving whole-body, split-dose x irradiation (1.75 Gy once a week for 4 weeks) or cells from these organs from control (nonirradiated) mice were analyzed for the presence of OFA in the flow cytometer and in limited intrathymic transplant. Results : OFA was detected on thymocytes from 75% of irradiated mice by 2 months after treatment, reflecting eventual lymphoma development in the irradiated controls by flow cytometry and in intrathymic transplant. In general, the number of thymuses expressing OFA and the percentage of OFA + cells increased with time after irradiation. By 4 months, OFA + splenocytes were present, but only in mice possessing OFA + thymocytes. Serially tested, irradiated RFM mice that never expressed OFA in the thymus reflected the percentage of irradiated RFM/UnCr mice that never developed lymphomas. This observation was also made in irradiated C57BL/6N mice, which attests to the tumor specificity of OFA expression. Spleen immunoglobulin-positive cells were decreased, while CD4 + and CD8 + cells were greatly increased. Indirect evidence of CD4/CD8 expression on OFA + splenocytes suggests that the newly forming lymphomas were of immature T-cell origin. Major histocompatibility antigen expression did not vary significantly. Histopathologic examination revealed radiation-induced lymphomas in OFA-positive tissues characterized by a monomorphic population of large blastic immature lymphoid cells. Conclusion : The early expression of OFA in radiation-induced oncogenesis was established. Implications : OFA expression significantly preceded clear histologic evidence of malignant T cells or clinical lymphoma in irradiated RFM/UnCr mice that went on to develop T-cell lymphomas. [J Natl Cancer Inst 84:602–609, 1992]
Palliative Treatment of Malignant Stenoses of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract using a Combination of Laser and Afterloading Therapy
Authors: M. Bader, H.J. Dittler, B. Ultsch, G. Ries, J.R. Siewert
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Forty-eight patients with malignant stenoses of the esophagus and cardio-esophageal junction were submitted to endocavitary afterloading treatment after prior endoscopic recanalization with the laser. An intraluminal reduction in tumor mass, and rapid elimination of dysphagia proved possible. This technique represents an alternative to the endoscopic implantation of an endoprosthesis. The afterloading tube is placed endoscopically under direct vision. Using a 192Iridium radiation source, 7 Gy were applied at a distance from the tube of 1 cm. Dysphagia was permanently relieved in 77%, while re-stenosis occurred in 23%. The mean survival time was 5.9 months. This procedure is associated with a low incidence of complications, and can be employed on an outpatient basis, and in combination with percutaneous radiotherapy given as boost radiation.
Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinemia. Deficient formation of guanidinoacetic acid from arginine.
Authors: I Sipilä, O Simell, P Arjomaa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Patients with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina have 10- to 20-fold increased ornithine concentrations in body fluids and significantly reduced activity of ornithine aminotransferase in lymphocytes and cultured fibroblasts. We administered intravenous arginine to six patients and six controls to study in vivo inhibition by high ornithine concentrations of arginine-glycine transamidinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in creatine synthesis. Serum arginine concentrations curves after administration were similar for the two groups. The increment in serum ornithine was more than three times as great in patients as in controls. The mean half-times in plasma ornithine were 360 and 97 min, respectively. In the patients, the metabolic clearance of ornithine from the extracellular fluid was significantly delayed. Urinary guanidinoacetate excretion rose markedly in all controls, the excretion rate being higher in females. The patients always excreted less than the controls, the differences within the sexes being highly significant. Differences in creatine excretion after administration were less marked. We conclude that in gyrate atrophy patients, formation of guanidinoacetate, creatine, and possibly phosphocreatine is inhibited at the transaminidation step by the high concentrations of ornithine. Deficiency of the high-energy phosphates may underlie the pathogenesis of the eye and muscle atrophies.
A Reappraisal of Private Employers' Role in Providing Health Insurance
Authors: Olveen Carrasquillo, David U. Himmelstein, Steffie Woolhandler, David H. Bor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

In 1996, according to official figures, 61 percent of Americans received health insurance through employers. However, this estimate includes persons who relied primarily on government insurance such as Medicare, workers whose employers arranged their insurance but contributed nothing toward the premiums, and government employees whose private coverage was paid for by taxpayers.
Rheumatoid "Ganglion" as an Unusual Presenting Sign of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Joseph D. Croft
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Lesions that were felt to represent ganglia of the wrist developed in two patients. The histologic features of these lesions were atypical, and four years later rheumatoid arthritis developed in both patients. It is suggested that rheumatoid ganglia may occur as an isolated finding and when such lesions are discovered, the physician should be alerted to the possible future development of rheumatoid arthritis.
Hemorrhage increases cytokine expression in lung mononuclear cells in mice: involvement of catecholamines in nuclear factor-kappaB regulation and cytokine expression.
Authors: Y Le Tulzo, R Shenkar, D Kaneko, P Moine, G Fantuzzi, C A Dinarello, E Abraham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The expression of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines rapidly increases in the lungs after hemorrhage, and such alterations contribute to the frequent development of acute inflammatory lung injury in this setting. Blood loss also produces elevations in catecholamine concentrations in the pulmonary and systemic circulation. In the present experiments, we used alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade to examine in vivo interactions between hemorrhage-induced adrenergic stimulation and pulmonary cytokine expression. Treatment of mice with the alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine prevented not only the elevation in mRNA levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta1, the increase in IL-1beta protein, but also the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-KB and cyclic AMP response element binding protein, which occurred in lung cells of untreated animals during the first hour after hemorrhage. In contrast, treatment before hemorrhage with the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol was associated with increases in mRNA levels for IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta1, which were greater than those present in untreated hemorrhaged mice, and did not prevent hemorrhage-associated increases in lung IL-1beta protein. Treatment with propranolol prevented hemorrhage-induced phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein, but increased hemorrhage-associated activation of NF-KB. These results demonstrate that hemorrhage initially increases pulmonary cytokine expression through alpha- but not beta-adrenergic stimulation, and suggest that such alpha-adrenergic-mediated effects occur through activation of the transcriptional regulatory factor NF-kappaB.
The Histone Code and Treatments for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Lucy A. Godley, Michelle M. Le Beau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The protein BRD4 binds acetylated histones (mediators of chromatin structure), which, when bound, can activate the MYC oncogene. A recent study implicated BRD4 in sustaining cells in AML. Treating these cells with a BRD4 inhibitor reduced MYC expression and elicited cell death.
Erythropoietin Response to Multiple Phlebotomy in Human Polycythemia.
Authors: John C. Nixon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Erythropoietin Response to Multiple Phlebotomy in Human Polycythemia.John C. Nixon, M.D., Donald R. Korst, M.D., F.A.C.P., John Whalen, B.S., Ralph L. Brandt, M.D., F.A.C.P.John C. Nixon, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Donald R. Korst, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, John Whalen, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, Ralph L. Brandt, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1084_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrevious attempts to measure erythropoietin levels in serum of polycythemic patients have been inconclusive. Improved bio-assay methods and response to phlebotomy are the subject of this study. Mice were made polycythemic by intermittant exposure to low oxygen tension in a hypobaric chamber. Erythropoietin activity of sera was measured in each mouse by Fe59 and reticulocytosis.Patients (12) selected for study were clinical problems in diagnosis of either I° or II° polycythemia. Most had prior multiple phlebotomies and treatment with P32. Studies included hematology, pulmonary function, arterial oxygen saturation, uric acid, and erythropoietin levels on each of three consecutive phlebotomies in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHeterogeneity of erythropoietin-dependent erythrocytosis: case report in a child and synopsis of primary erythrocytosis syndromesErythropoietin-producing renal cyst and polycythemia vera 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1084-1084KeywordsErythropoietinHematology and oncologyOxygenPhlebotomyPolycythemiaPulmonary functionUric acid Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
WHO calls for better living conditions to reduce health gap
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Improving daily living conditions is the key to reducing the health inequalities between rich and poor countries, says a report published by the World Health Organization, which aims to close the gap within the next generation.

The report summarises the findings of a three year investigation by WHO’s commission on the social determinants of health, whose members include leading policy makers, academics, former heads of state, and former ministers of health.

Children have dramatically different life chances, depending on where they were born, the report confirms. Life expectancy of children is …
Arterial Stiffness as a Potential Determinant of β-Amyloid Deposition
Authors: Kevin S. King
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

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